text:
Book Review: A Cuban Girl's Guide to Tea and Tomorrow by Laura Taylor Namey
Title: A Cuban Girl's Guide to Tea and Tomorrow
Author: Laura Taylor Namey
Publisher: Atheneum
Genre: Young adult fiction
Love & Gelato meets Don't Date Rosa Santos in this charming, heartfelt story following a Miami girl who unexpectedly finds love—and herself—in a small English town.
For Lila Reyes, a summer in England was never part of the plan. The plan was 1) take over her abuela's role as head baker at their panadería, 2) move in with her best friend after graduation, and 3) live happily ever after with her boyfriend. But then the Trifecta happened, and everything—including Lila herself—fell apart.
Worried about Lila's mental health, her parents make a new plan for her: Spend three months with family friends in Winchester, England, to relax and reset. But with the lack of sun, a grumpy inn cook, and a small town lacking Miami flavor (both in food and otherwise), what would be a dream trip for some feels more like a nightmare to Lila…until she meets Orion Maxwell.
A teashop clerk with troubles of his own, Orion is determined to help Lila out of her funk, and appoints himself as her personal tour guide. From Winchester's drama-filled music scene to the sweeping English countryside, it isn't long before Lila is not only charmed by Orion, but England itself. Soon a new future is beginning to form in Lila's mind—one that would mean leaving everything she ever planned behind.
A Cuban Girl's Guide to Tea and Tomorrow was one of Reese Witherspoon's YA book club picks, and I can see a lot of what makes it appealing — romance, family, grief and recovery, friendship, and cultural diversity and celebration.
The girl of the title is Lila Reyes, a 17-year-old with a broken heart who has suffered too many losses in too short a period of time. Her boyfriend breaks up with her, her best friends makes plans to work in Ghana after graduation without telling Lila, and most devastating of all, Lila's beloved abuela dies unexpectedly.
Her abuela was the heart and soul of the family, and she taught Lila everything she knew about food and baking. Lila's plans were set in stone already — after graduation, she and her older sister Pilar would take over the management of the family bakery. But when Lila's grief leads her down a self-destructive path, her worried family sends her to a small town in England to spend the summer with a cousin at her family's inn.
Lila is mad and resentful at first, and so stubborn that she refuses to alter her Miami dress code of tank tops and strappy sandals, even when confronted with chilly English weather. Slowly, though, Lila finds the beginnings of a routine for herself, baking her special Cuban pastries and treats in the inn's kitchen, becoming friends with a local musician and her group, and getting to know Orion Maxwell, a lovely local who is determined to show Lila all the best sites and tastes of Winchester.
The story is sweet and occasionally moving, as Lila, Orion, and others deal with sorrows and challenges, and learn the various ways true friends can hold each other up when they need it most. And oh, the food! Each chapter is filled to the brim with Lila's nonstop cooking and baking, and it all sounds amazing! Take me to her bakery now, please, so I can fill my stomach with absolutely everything!
So why only 3 stars? (And, I'll be honest, I wavered between 2.5 and 3 for quite a while.) It's simple — I just couldn't get into the author's writing style.
You know how in some books, the sentence structure or use of words is so unique or special that it makes you stop and admire it while you're reading? This isn't that. Instead, I was constantly pausing because I was befuddled by the odd syntax and use of language, and had to try to puzzle out what certain descriptions and phrases actually meant:
Blond hair — a dark variety his creator dyed in a murky rain puddle — curls slightly on top of a cropped cut.
Before my mouth even closes, my words strike faces.
Gray, dim, shade — those are the colors on his face before he thumbs his chin and half-smiles for me.
My culture also has too much wanting to die out in the new.
Miami. The third heart on this pavement, trying to love me harder.
The story is nice and moves pretty quickly, but I just didn't love it enough to want to rave about it, and the writing issue definitely affected my overall enjoyment.
Recommended for the amazing food and the tribute to Cuban Miami culture, but not a must-read.
2020 new release, book review, foodie books, Hello Sunshine, Reese's Book Club, YA contemporary, YA fiction, young adult fiction 6 Comments
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6 thoughts on "Book Review: A Cuban Girl's Guide to Tea and Tomorrow by Laura Taylor Namey"
MrsDMVH
I've been curious about this one. I appreciate your honest review and thank you for giving examples of the writing style!!!
I'd love to hear other opinions as well! I've seen some really positive review on Goodreads.
Lilly's Book World
I see your point about the strange syntaxes….the story looks interesting though.
The story is cute, for sure — that's why I wavered for a while on how to rate it. 🙂
Oh yeah, I don't think I could take a whole book of that writing. I recently DNF'd a book for that very reason.
There were a few points in this book where I considered just walking away — but because it was such a light read overall (and because I own a hard copy of the book!), I pushed myself to finish.


National Science Centre, Delhi, is a part of the largest network of Science Centres/ Museums in the world known as National Council of Science Museums (NCSM), an autonomous society under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India was formed on April 4, 1978. Today, it administers 25 Science Centres/ Museums spread all over India. Science City, Kolkata, Birla Industrial and Technological Museum (BITM), Kolkata, Nehru Science Centre, Mumbai, Vishvesvraya Industrial and Technological Museum (VITM), Bangluru and National Science Centre, Delhi are National level centres of NCSM. All having its Regional centres and District Level Centres called Satellite Units (SUs).
National Science Centre is the north zone headquarter. Regional Science City, Lucknow and Kurukshetra Panorama & Science Centre are under its flagship. A new Science Centre is coming up at Palampur, Himachal Pradesh which may be ready by October 2018.


None of us likes to think about injuries, either to a student or a horse, but unfortunately, even the most conscientious trainer must at some point face such a situation.
However, how the trainer reacts can mean the difference between having a successful business and having no business at all. Many trainers are careful to have students sign liability waivers, yet fail to obtain a treatment consent form to administer emergency medical treatment. In any case, treatment consent forms are critical in case of emergency.
Consider a scenario in which a child, during a group lesson, falls off the horse, is injured, and needs medical attention. Unable to reach the parents by phone, the trainer transports the child to the local emergency center. A minor cannot legally give consent for medical procedures, so the emergency center staff may refuse to treat the child in the absence of a consent form authorizing medical treatment.
We advise all of our clients to have a properly worded consent form on file signed by the parents or guardians, and preferably notarized, that authorizes medical treatment of the minor child, and provides all health insurance information.
Horse injuries can be tricky, and should be approached with caution by the trainer. If the injury requires immediate emergency care, such as surgery, the trainer needs to know how the owner would wish to handle the situation. While some owners might be willing and able to spend unlimited amounts of money, others might not. If the trainer authorizes expensive procedures without the owner's consent, the trainer might be liable for the veterinary expenses.
We recommend that an emergency consent clause be included in the training agreement that provides the type of care the horse should receive if the owner cannot be reached. Such a clause should also specify any monetary limits the owner wishes to place on the cost of veterinary care.
Insurance issues can also be difficult for the trainer. Mortality insurance policies vary in their requirements as to when the insurance carrier must be notified, and it's important that the trainer understand each policy. A recent case illustrates this point.
An insured colt suffered from a lameness issue, and the veterinarian determined that there was a fracture in the hock that required surgery. The owner notified the insurance carrier, and received written authorization to proceed with the surgery. However, a few weeks post-surgery, the colt developed an infection at the surgical site. After a month of aggressive treatment to which the infection failed to respond, the colt was suffering with pain, loss of weight, and chronic lameness. The owner, trainer, and veterinarian determined that euthanasia was the best course, so the owner phoned the local insurance agent, and the agent agreed to the procedure. When the owner filed for the mortality insurance, however, the claim was denied because the insurance company had not been made aware of the infection at its onset.
Our recommendation to trainers is to be aware of which horses in the barn are insured, and for those, retain copies of the policies on file, along with phone numbers to call should an emergency arise. The trainer must also be aware of the requirements for notification in each individual policy. Many owners, unaware of the nuances of their policies, rely on the trainer to take care of their horse and their interests.


Many rebuilt products have a refundable core charge associated with them.This means that we may be able to credit you for the core if it's in rebuildable condition and you return the old used part in the box we sent you the new one in.
This is common for parts like mass airflow sensors or Anti Lock Brake modules. These rebuilt/remanufactured parts are not new parts technically, but are professionally refinished and rebuilt with new components to bring them back to a like new state with new functionality.
>To do this, remanufacturers need usable original parts (cores) to start with for the rebuild. If the core they start with is damaged in a way that is not fixable they will not accept it as it's not a servicable part any longer.
Usable cores must be free from "mechanical" damage such as crushing, bending, broken housings, etc. The most common damage we see to ABS module cores that come back unusable is damage to the plastic case around the module. The pictures at right show this sort of damage that makes this core unusable and not eligable for a core charge refund.
This is an example of a NON useable ABS module core. Notice the damage around the perimeter of the casing. Broken and/or damaged housing are not rebuildable and are not eligable for core charge refund.
Another example of a NON useable ABS module core. Damage to the housing and broken plastic. This damage makes this module not acceptable as a refundable core.
If you have questions about core charges, please contact us through our contact page or call us at 1-800-444-6473.
IPD is the Volvo Parts, Accessories and Performance Specialists Since 1963.
We offer a wide variety of high quality replacement, maintenance and restoration car parts plus our own line of heavy duty and performance products. Our custom built online parts catalog features Genuine, OE, OES, OEM, Aftermarket and IPD branded replacement auto parts.
Combine our unmatched 50+ year reputation with our outstanding customer service team and you can be confident we'll be here to serve your Volvo needs long in to the future. Not many others can match our knowledge and dedication to providing the very best customer service in the market. We have a physical location, live customer service agents you can call and extensive inventory so we can ship products to you quickly. Our customer and vehicle first approach means that your experience is our first priority. We have truly hassle-free returns and provide do-it-yourself (DIY) guides and videos for many of our products.
Site content and prices are subject to change without notice.
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The Barcelona International Business Club is being managed by specialized club management company: "Prestige Clubs, SL" composed by the full time professional management team and supported by Supervising Committee, specially selected members of the BIBC Advisory Board.
The Management Team aims to guarantee the highest service quality, member experience and adequate development as well as progress in building membership roster. Furthermore, the Team is responsible for inbound and outbound marketing, international communications and institutional relations both on national and international level.
Supervisory Committee guarantees operational and financial transparency and takes care of application of "good practices" into Club management.


Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel Moisturizer launch and review | Badudets Everything Nice!
I have to thank Neutrogena and Ogilvy for the really fun and interactive night, they prepared some activities for the bloggers to show and prove to us how amazing is the Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel moisturizer.
With Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel applied, there is no sticky feeling even if you rub each other's cheeks.
One oil-control film was applied with Hydro Boost Water Gel and one was applied with a Brand X moisturizer. After a few minutes, the water gel was absorbed by the film immediately.
The make-up test. Because the water gel is absorbed very quickly, you can apply make-up right after applying the moisturizer. Yes, no need to go in front of the fan just to dry your moisturizer.
The last experiment was called The Sticky Balls test. This is my favorite among the tests, Brand X was applied on my right hand and water gel was applied on my left hand. After that, styro balls were sprinkled on top of my hands. Look, no styro balls on my left hand!
Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel moisturizer is indeed NON-STICKY!
Of course, I went home with these great products from Neutrogena and I immediately used it.
I love its mild scent, seems powdery to me. I also love the classy aqua blue glass jar.
You can see that my skin drinks up the water gel oh-so-quickly. When applied to my bare face, it's really non-sticky. I'm using this as my night moisturizer and upon waking up in the morning, my skin feels supple and moisturized.
I love the sleek and slim packaging. It also comes in a pump bottle so it's very hygienic, no double-dipping issues.
Just like the water gel moisturizer, this one with SPF 30 is also absorbed by my skin quickly. But I feel that it leaves an invisible film on my face, maybe because of its sunblock property. The gel with SPF 30 is not that translucent compared with the water gel without SPF. Nevertheless, it still made my face non-greasy and moisturized for hours.
I highly recommend these two products as moisturizers. I'm guilty of not using moisturizers on my face because my skin is oily and using a moisturizer will only add up to my dilemma. Turns out that MOISTURIZER is a must in our beauty routine, and I just have to look for a water-based moisturizer to address my needs.
While this product is excellent for its moisturizing properties, my skin also needs additional TLC like anti-wrinkles and whitening benefits. Sometimes, you really can't have it all in just one amazing product.
Visit this link https://apps.facebook.com/bcode_neutrogena/ or click the image above to get your discount coupon. Get 20% off on Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel SPF 30 when you buy from SM Watsons Mega Mall (2nd Floor, Bldg. A) from June 15 to July 15, 2012.
Oh wow! Another great product from Neutrogena. I want to try it because it's non sticky!
I LOVE Neutrogena products in general and am SO looking forward to trying this whole line!!!


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Is it possible to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance in nursing homes?
My five moments in hand hygiene. Campaign of WHO in developing countries.
Education and awareness of healthcare personnel about infection control: how can we do best in developing countries?


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Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi (arabiska: تربة طراباي الشريفي) är ett monument i Egypten.   Det ligger i guvernementet Kairo, i den norra delen av landet, i huvudstaden Kairo. Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi ligger  meter över havet.

Terrängen runt Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi är lite kuperad. Den högsta punkten i närheten är  meter över havet,  km sydost om Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi. Runt Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi är det tätbefolkat, med  invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Kairo,  km norr om Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi. Trakten runt Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi är ofruktbar med lite eller ingen växtlighet.

I trakten råder ett hett ökenklimat. Årsmedeltemperaturen i trakten är  °C. Den varmaste månaden är juli, då medeltemperaturen är  °C, och den kallaste är januari, med  °C. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är  millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är januari, med i genomsnitt  mm nederbörd, och den torraste är april, med  mm nederbörd.

Kommentarer

Källor

Byggnadsverk i Kairo (guvernement)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We specialize in renovating and cleaning your down comforters and feather beds to give them longer life and you a better night's sleep using our special equipment that most cleaners don't have to successfully process these items.
From twin to California King, we can clean all styles, fabrics and sizes.
For a better sleep and luxurious feel you can count on our unique Pillow-Vac-System. Old ticking is discarded and replaced with an exclusive new feather-proof, down-proof ticking. Feathers are removed from the ticking, sanitized , deodorized and encased in the new ticking. We can return a customer's old ticking by special request.
This unique cleaning process consists of emptying the feathers from the old ticking into the pillow machine. While in the machine the feathers are agitated by rotating brushes which fluff the feathers and allow the dirt and non-feather particles to settle to the bottom of the machine. Ozone lights deodorize the feathers as they are fluffed. After cleaning, the feathers are blown into a new pillow ticking. and your renovated pillows are returned to you in a plastic sealed bag.
Many soiled pillows contain up to a pound of dust and other foreign materials. After sanitizing, these are removed. If additional feathers are required to properly fill out the pillow, we can add replacement feathers. About 3 lbs. of good feathers make one regular pillow.
When pillows are divided to make more than the number sent in, a charge for each pillow returned will be made plus the equalizing charge. Pillows made from a feather bed are charged by the pillow at a higher unit price.


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Aggression MMA Announces June 10th Show
By: Press Release
Edmonton, Alberta (Canada): Aggression MMA, Edmonton's top fight promotion, today announced its next fight event, "Confrontation," which will feature a main event between nationally-ranked welterweight stars Ryan "The Real Deal" Ford (14-3) and Nick "Juggernaut" Hinchliffe (18-7). This highly-anticipated event will take place Friday, June 10th, at the Shaw Conference Center in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. "Confrontation" will also showcase two-time world Muay Thai champion Shane "Shaolin" Campbell (4-1), submission wizard Luke Harris (6-1), and the MMA debut of world Muay Thai champion Levi Kump. More details will be announced shortly.
General admission tickets for "Confrontation" are now on sale, and are priced at $60. Limited floor seats are available for $100, $150, and $200. Tickets are available at www.tnttickets.ca or via email at info@aggressionmma.com. Fans can also call (780) 426-SOLD.
Due to a venue scheduling conflict, "Confrontation" will not be broadcasted on The Score Television Network as part of The Score Fighting Series, as was its previous event, "Punishment." The Score is a national specialty television channel providing sports news, information, highlights and live event programming in more than 6.8 million homes across Canada.
Despite the scheduling situation, Aggression MMA decided to hold a show for the benefit of its loyal fighters. "We could have taken the low road and postponed our event until the fall, but we felt we had an obligation to our fans and loyal fighters to follow up our last event with an even more entertaining card," explained Aggression co-owner Moin Mirza. "We are confident that 'Confrontation' is going to be an incredible event."
A multi-time veteran of The Fight Club, a Canadian fight promotion recently acquired by Aggression, "The Real Deal" has defeated UFC veterans Pete Spratt (twice) and CJ Fernandes, and has faced current Strikeforce combatant Pat "Bam Bam" Healy. Many consider Ford to be the top contender for the spot of Canada's next breakout welterweight, following in the footsteps of current UFC Welterweight Champion Georges St-Pierre. With thirteen finishes in his fourteen wins, he is on the cusp of true superstar status, and is hungry to prove that he belongs amongst the elite of the North American fight scene.
"All I gotta say is that Nick better step his game up from his last few fights, cause I'm on a whole different level than any fighter he's fought," stated "The Real Deal." "Everything that I bring to the fight…he won't be able to handle it. So, bottom line, he ain't G'd up, so he's gettin' beat up."
Standing in Ford's way at "Confrontation" will be Nick Hinchliffe, an experienced 170-pounder who has won five of his last seven bouts. He has faced Canadian MMA stars such as current UFC welterweight Rory MacDonald, Kalib Starnes, Travis Galbraith, Victor Valimaki, and Ryan Machan. The Team Impact product was very active in 2010, competing six times. In his last appearance, he defeated Machan via majority decision. He'll now face Ford with much at stake.
In addition to the aforementioned combatants, "Confrontation" will present regular highlight reel inhabitants Jason Gorny (4-4), UFC veteran Victor "The Matrix" Valamaki (16-8), Steve Beaumont (2-0) and ex-Canadian Football League star, Rio Wells (4-1). The full fight card will be announced shortly
AFC Closes Doors; Execs Join WSOF Canada
Lightweight Title on the Line at Aggression FC 9 on June 8
Top MMA Radio with Jesse Ronson and Advin Omic
AFC 8 Photo Gallery
AFC 8 Results – Wilson, Smith Win
Posted: Wednesday, May 4th, 2011	at 7:42 pm
Aggression MMA, Alberta MMA, Press Release
13 Responses to " Aggression MMA Announces June 10th Show "
joker45 says:
MFC is going to kill these losers. MFC June 10 Mayfield Inn. Fickett, Franca,Marcus Davis, Pete Spratt, Thomas Denny, Westcott ect. Come on , not even close.
Heywood Jablowme says:
As a fan and someone who has friends fighting on both cards, Its pretty frustrating they are making me choose between Aggression and MFC. Is it that hard to move the show back a week?
aggressionmma says:
As another promotion stated in one of their press releases there are very few good venues in the city and Aggression believes the shaw is the best right now. Our date has actually been booked for quite some time and our hand was forced to do the show June 10th. Joker, do you know me? why would you call me a loser its hurtful. Anyways, come support your local up and coming talent at Aggression MMA, June 10th at the shaw conf ctr. We will be back in our amazing 30ft cage.
Paveldouche says:
joker45 = Mark Pavelich.
He is but hurt that his card is falling apart and he has to use a venue that held the Heat shows and is about a half step up from a barn.
Blame him for putting on a second show on the same night, not Aggression.
Jamie Locke says:
I hate how promotions in the same city want to battle it out for attendance.
Guy should just focus on putting on a good show, not constantly try to be the better than anyone else. The fans will appreciate the show that thinks about them, not their competition.
Looking forward to this card, ford vs Hinchliffe is a solid match-up…. I say a 50/50 fight…
Nick has gone to decision in his last three outtings though, he's going to have to pick it up against Ford.
Will there be an IPPV for this show since it won't be on TV?
Cody Rempel says:
I didn't think the commission would allow two shows on the same night in the same jurisdiction!
Jason Bouwmeester says:
Jamie: Agreed!
Cody: Tell me about it…
Darren Owen says:
Pavelich stopped commenting as "Johnny Vegas" right after I messaged him on Facebook telling him to grow a pair and use his real name on here. He hasn't used "Johnny Vegas" since so perhaps he's found a new alias to hide behind.
Mike Davis says:
I am going DVR MFC and prop go to Aggression, I like MFC but a lot of cases they lack local fighters to really go support. Aggression always has friends on it so I will pick that.
only beef lately is a lot of Edmonton shows have bumped up ticket price to 60 bucks, like Unified and just sucks to pay that much.
in the know says:
Unified is way too bush league to pay $60! Especially with guys like Payne struggling to put away some kid fresh off the rez. Aggression is decent so i dont mind paying a lil more.
I am 100% behind suppporting the local fighters. If i was an Edmonton fan I would do the same and PVR MFC (also because you CAN PVR MFC and not any other Edmonton shows) and go out and support my local buddies….
I just really don't understand why Pav doesn't just get over the fact that there are other shows, and they are going to be successful. He has a sweet live TV deal where he can bring in nice sponsor cash. He doesn't need to bring in as many high profile names (some of which probably aren't worth the amount he pays them). Seriously, why not let the other local shows bring up quality fighters from within Canada, then bring them over and be the big dog that he loves to be…. Other promoters would then respect him much more, fans would get to watch their buddies at the local shows and their heroes at his show, and their would be no BS…???
He claims to be the number 2 promo in the world, this could be possible if he just allowed himself to sit back and let things happen naturally. I would consider MFC a bigger better show if he recognized other promotions exist and that they can benefit from their shows…
cody krahn says:
I love how this thread relates more to promoters bickering than it does to the fights announced. Good fights are 100x better than arguing about who's dick is bigger. It's really too bad when politics get more attention than the actual event.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


My cousin's boyfriend of six years turned 30 last night and she spent three months planning a surprise party for him. My aunt, his mother and my cousin connived to make this special day a success and cousin Belinda eagerly anticipated the look on his face when he sees his family and friends gathered at their favorite restaurant. When he walked through the door of Bel's chosen venue, we could tell that while he did feign surprise, he knew something was brewing inside. Bel quickly suppressed her disappointment, determined as she was not to ruin the special night but she wondered how he knew that we had prepared a celebration for him.
A quiet man, my cousin did not expect that he would stand up before dinner was served to thank everyone who came to celebrate the occasion with him. Then he began talking about a website http://www.whiteflash.com at which he described as the answer to his prayers. Bel was puzzled but she kept quiet, eager to hear what he had to say. He went on to describe how his mother pushed him to view site where engagement rings were sold. At their mention, she felt that she is being unceremoniously pulled from her chair and pushed next to where her love stood talking. He dropped down on one knee and presented her with a crimson box. Then he opened the box and she took her first glimpse of the most exquisite tiffany style solitaire ring set in a simple platinum band with seven smaller diamonds adorning each side.
The clinking of a hundred champagne glasses brought them both out of our world into the real world. His uncle raised his glass and delivered a rather clumsy toast to the newly engaged couple. After gulping down the champagne in his glass, his Uncle Alex rather called on to the waiters to bring in the food post-haste as everyone was getting hungry. On cue, the waiters came in and started laying down the first course on to the tables.
Bel's love led her to their table where their parents sat around them. The two mothers started chattering excitedly but Bel could not hear them. She was still in shock from the unexpected proposal. She could not get her eyes of her engagement ring. She was dazzled by the myriad specks of light emanating from the huge solitaire diamond and she knew her love had spent a fortune to give her this special surprise on his 30th birthday. Bel planned to surprise him but he turned the tables on her and surprised her with his proposal. Bel knew in her heart that before she goes to bed much later, she would be browsing through the website which her soon-to-be-husband had gushed about before giving her the best surprise of her life.


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Q: Print the Longest leaf-to-leaf path in a binary tree along with its length I am solving a problem in which I have to find the longest leaf-to-leaf path in a binary tree along with its length.
for example, if the Binary tree is as follows:
         a
         /\
        b c
      /   / \
     d   e  f
    / \      \
   g  h      p
       \
        k

The longest leaf-to-leaf path would be k-h-d-b-a-c-f-p which is of length 8.
I am calculating the length by recursively finding the length of the left and right sub-tree and then return height_left + height_right + 1 . Is my concept correct?.
Also how should I print the longest leaf-to-leaf path? I just want an idea to proceed.

A: It seems to me that this algorithm is very close to finding a diameter of a binary tree. Diameter of the tree is the number of nodes on the longest path between two leaves in the tree.
I think you can look here for the implementation: http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/diameter-of-a-binary-tree/ and then adapt it or optimize it's time complexity if you want. But i think O(n) is good enough.

A: Most answers on the net gives how to find diameter of a tree, i.e
How to find the number of nodes in the longest path.
The only addition is we need to store the nodes which contribute to it.
In recursion, this can be done in two ways.
a) It should be a return type
b) It should be an input parameter which is an object. This object is populated with the result during the course of recursion.
Without the need to print the longest path, we only need to check at every node:
Max of
1) Left node max path
2) Right node max path
c) Current node max path (requires more inputs)
Now, to calculate current node max path, we need more inputs:
Current node max path needs:
1) Max left node height
2) Max right node height
This can either be stored in the node itself (as height parameter) or can be passed with the recursion.
This will only give diameter/length of the longest path.
Now, to get the path printed, we need to store more info which is:
- List<Nodes> pathList - This contains the nodes which form the longest path so far (Note this may not contain the current node).
- List<Nodes> heightList - This contains the nodes which form the longest height from the node to its leaf.
Finally the algo:
//Inputs and Outputs of the method
class Node{
int value;
Node leftchild;
Node rightchild;
}
class ReturnInfo{
ReturnInfo(){
 maxpathlen = 0;
 maxheight = 0;
 pathList = new ArrayList<Node>();
 heightList = new ArrayList<Node>();
}

int maxpathlen; //current max path
int maxheight; //current max height
List<Nodes> pathList;
List<Nodes> heightList;
}

//Signature
public ReturnInfo getMaxPath(Node n);
//Implementation
public ReturnInfo getMaxPath(Node n){
//Base case
if(n==null) return new ReturnInfo();
//This is a bottom up recursion. Info will flow from leaves to root.
//So first recurse and then do the work at this node level
//Recurse left & right
ReturnInfo leftReturnInfo = getMaxPath(n.leftchild);
ReturnInfo rightReturnInfo = getMaxPath(n.rightchild);

//Do work in this recursion or for this node
ReturnInfo retInfo = new ReturnInfo();

//Update all 4 parameters of returninfo and we are done

retInfo.maxheight = max(leftReturnInfo.maxheight, rightReturnInfo.maxheight) + 1;
//Update retInfo.heightList accordingly
retInfo.heightList = ....

retInfo.maxPathLen = max(leftReturnInfo.maxPathLen, rigthReturnInfo.maxPathLen, leftReturnInfo.maxHeight+rightReturnInfo.maxHeight+1);

//Remember from where maxPathLen came from and update accordingly
retInfo.pathList = .....

return retInfo;//We are done

}

A: You need a function that returns longest branch in a subtree and the longest path:
PS: I am leaving out details (Eg. Boundary conditions and so on). But this should give you an idea. This function returns two things 'branch' and 'path'. 'branch' is the longest path from this node to any of its leaves. 'path' is the longest path between any two leaves in this subtree.
def longestPath(node):
    (leftBranch, leftPath) = longestPath(node.left);
    (rightBranch, rightPath) = longestPath(node.right);
    if len(rightBranch) > len(leftBranch):
        curBranch = rightBranch+node.name
    else:
        curBranch = leftBranch+node.name

    curPath = leftBranch + node.name + rev(rightBranch)
    bestPath = curPath
    if len(leftPath) > length(bestPath):
        bestPath = leftPath
    if len(rightPath) > length(bestPath):
        bestPath = rightPath

    return (curBranch, bestPath)

A: defintion:
node: (char content, node left , node right , node parent)
add(list , node): add node as last element in list
remove(list , index): remove and return element at index in list
length(string): length of string
insert(string , char , index): insert char at index in string
concat(string a , string  OR char b): append b to a

input: node start
output: string

start
list nodes
node n

add(nodes , start)

do
    n = remove(nodes , 0)

    if n.parent != null
        add(nodes , n.parent)
    if n.left != null
        add(nodes , n.left)
    if n.right != null
        add(nodes , n.right)
while !isEmpty(nodes)

//n now is the node with the greatest distance to start
string left = ""
string right = ""

node a = start
node b = n

while(a != b)
     insert(left , a.content , length(left) - 1)
     insert(right , b.content , 0)

     a = a.parent
     b = b.parent

string result = left
concat(result , a.content)
concat(result , right)

return result

A: Here is my Scala solution (Tree.scala):
/** Searches for the longest possible leaf-to-leaf path in this tree.
 *
 * Time - O(log^2 n)
 * Space - O(log n)
 */
def diameter: List[A] = {
  def build(t: Tree[A], p: List[A]): List[A] =
    if (t.isEmpty) p
    else if (t.left.height > t.right.height) build(t.left, t.value :: p)
    else build(t.right, t.value :: p)

  if (isEmpty) Nil
  else {
    val ld = left.diameter
    val rd = right.diameter
    val md = if (ld.length > rd.length) ld else rd
    if (1 + left.height + right.height > md.length)
      build(right, value :: build(left, Nil).reverse).reverse
    else md
  }
}

The idea is quite simple:

*

*We recursively search for diameters in children (ld and rd and maximum 'md').

*Check whether the longest possibe path that goes through current node is greather then diameters of its children or not (if (1 + ....)).

*If its greater then we just need to build a new path with build function, which bilds a longest path from given node 't' to leaf. So, we just concatenates two resuts of this function (for left and right child) with current node.

*If its not greater then the diameter is found it is md.

A: Longest leaf to leaf path means finding diameter of a tree. It can be done using height function.
There are many solutions available online.

A: Here is my Swift solution:
  func diameterPath() -> [T] {
    return diameterPathHelper(root).Path
  }

  typealias HeightAndDiameterAndPath = (Height: Int, Diameter: Int, Path: [T])

  private func diameterPathHelper(node: TreeNode<T>?) -> HeightAndDiameterAndPath {

    guard let node = node else {
      return HeightAndDiameterAndPath(0, 0, [])
    }

    let left  = diameterPathHelper(node.left)
    let right = diameterPathHelper(node.right)

    let height   = max(left.Height, right.Height) + 1

    if left.Height + right.Height + 1 > max(left.Diameter, right.Diameter) {

      let currentDiameter = left.Height + right.Height + 1
      let path = left.Path + [node.data] + right.Path
      return HeightAndDiameterAndPath(height, currentDiameter, path)

    } else {
      if left.Diameter > right.Diameter {
        return HeightAndDiameterAndPath(height, left.Diameter, left.Path)
      } else {
        return HeightAndDiameterAndPath(height, right.Diameter, right.Path)
      }
    }
  }

A: We can use the maxdepth approach for this and initialize a variable max as 0.
public int diameterOfBinaryTree(TreeNode root) {
    maxDepth(root);
    return max;
}

private int maxDepth(TreeNode root) {
    if (root == null) return 0;

    int left = maxDepth(root.left);
    int right = maxDepth(root.right);

    max = Math.max(max, left + right);

    return Math.max(left, right) + 1;
}

}

A: You have neglected one condition: What if the longest path doesn't pass through the root node?
static int findLongestPathLength(Node root){
     if(root == null)
         return 0;
     int lh = getHeight(root.left);
     int rh = getHeight(root.right);
     return Math.max(1+lh+rh,
             Math.max(findLongestPathLength(root.left),findLongestPathLength(root.right)));

 }
static int getHeight(Node root){
     if(root == null)
         return 0;
     return Math.max(getHeight(root.left)+1, getHeight(root.right)+1);
 }

This will also make sure it find the longest path even if it doesn't pass through root.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


UPDATE 4.40PM: TWO people have been taken to hospital and a third has escaped injury in a two-car crash on the Bruce Highway at Chatsworth today.
A Queensland Ambulance spokeswoman said a man in his 40s and a woman in her 70s were taken to Gympie Hospital in stable conditions.
Emergency services were called out when a white Mercedes collided with a silver 4WD just before 3pm this afternoon.
The highway was blocked in both directions while the crash was cleared, and is now open again.
EARLIER 3.20PM: TWO people have been injured in a multi-car crash on the Bruce Highway this afternoon.
Emergency services were called to the crash near Chatsworth about 2.45pm which involved at least two vehicles.
A Queensland Ambulance spokeswoman said three people were assessed at the scene: a woman in her 70s for minor injuries, a man in his 40s for a cut to the head and a third patient who looks to have escaped injury.
She said one of them had been taken to Gympie Hospital, but could not confirm which one.
Traffic is being diverted around the scene.


text:
Q: proving several qualities of a given function I'm really not sure regarding this question. would like your help if possible.
given the function:
$  f(n) =
\begin{cases}
\frac{e^x-1}{x},  & \text{if $x \neq0$ } \\
1 & \text{if $x=0$ }
\end{cases}
$
a) Prove for every $x\neq0$ $e^x(x-1)+1>0.$
b) Prove that $f$ in continuous in R.
c) Use the above to prove that $f$ is monotonously increasing in R.
d) Prove that every $c>0$ has a solution for $f(x)=c.$
What i did:
a) I used it as a function and tried to show that the limit is always positive, when $x \to\infty$ and $x\to\infty$ while showing that it doesn't hold for $x=0.$
b) Using the limits of a) to show continuity, with the exception of $x=0,$ which I didn't know how to prove continuous in regards to the other part of the function.
c) Didn't know how to prove it.
d)using the above, I tried to use the intermediate value theorem, by showing that since the function is continuous, then there most exist a $c$ so that $f(x)=c.$ I didn't know how to prove that only for $c>0.$
Please show me the right way to do it, as I'm sure that I've done too many errors, and I don't know how to do it correctly.
Thank you very much.

A: i will start with b
to be continuous in R
we see that (e^x+1)/x continuous in R{0}
but f continuous in 0 because
f(0)=1
lim (e^x+1)/x when x---->0 =1
then c we have to Find derivative
f`(x)= (e^x)/(x^2) and =0 if  x=0
f'>(or=0) then f is monotonously increasing
d-
Since the function is always increasing
Each horizontal line will be offset by y = c
At only one point is the solution
i am very happy becaus i help you and if you found questoin ask me and i will tey in (a)


text:
Current Location: Home > Huawei Mate 10 specs
News & Reviews: Huawei Mate 10 specs
6 more Huawei smartphones added to Android Q list
The US government's ban on Huawei which forced Google to sever ties with Huawei have left many smartphone owners worried. Initially, Google had removed Huawei devices from their Android Q list but we're beginning to see some Huawei devices making a comeback onto said list.
New GPU Turbo schedule shows Huawei P20, Mate 10 and Nova 3 series due this month, PUBG Mobile and Mobile Legends supported!
While GPU Turbo has arrived for the Honor Play, a new schedule has appeared indicating that the Huawei P20, Huawei P20 Pro, Huawei Mate 10, Huawei Mate 10 Pro, Huawei Nova 3 and Huawei Nova 3i could be getting their GPU Turbo updates in August 2018. In addition, the schedule also indicates that GPU Turbo will also support both PUBG Mobile and Mobile Legends for more stable and smoother graphics performance.
Huawei announced their business results for H2 2018
Chinese smart device manufacturer Huawei has announced their business result for H2 2018 which has shown solid growth throughout with more than 95 million units sold. Not only that, Huawei has also became the world's second largest smartphone manufacturer with more than 15.8% on Q2 2018.
OpenKirin Project allows Huawei users to flash Stock Android ROMs until 22 July 2018
OpenKirin is a project to bring stock Android ROMs as well as other ROMs such as the LineageOS, Resurrection Remix OS, and CarbonOS into the Huawei and Honor ecosystem. As for now, the project currently supports 17 phones and tablets that are running the EMUI 8, notably the Huawei Mate 10, Huawei Mate 10 Pro and the Honor View 10. Unfortunately the project only lasts until 22 July 2018 so be quick if you're interested in flashing your EMUI devices. You can check out the complete list of supported devices and downloadable ROMs on the OpenKirin website as well as guides to install the custom ROMs as well.
Huawei Mate 10 series will be first Huawei phones to get GPU Turbo and more with next EMUI 8.1 updates, Honor View 10 and others getting it soon too!
After the announcement of Huawei's GPU Turbo, slides from mydrivers have appeared indicating that the first Huawei smartphone to get the GPU boosting technology may be the Huawei Mate 10 series on top of other updates. As a refresher, GPU Turbo increases the efficiency of the GPU coupled together with EMUI to help make the overall device 60% more efficient and reduce power consumption by up to 30% as well.
Huawei Mate 10 now going for below RM2000 in Malaysia
Normally priced at an RRP (Recommended Retail Price) of RM2699, the Huawei Mate 10 is now going for below RM2000 or to be exact, RM1999 in Malaysia. Available from techgadget and egadgetsolution, both from Shopee, each store has fairly high ratings along with free shipping for the Mate 10 4GB RAM + 64GB storage smartphone in black, gold or mocha brown.
What is the best computer? We find out with this video
In this day and age where the computers in our pockets are becoming more and more powerful, we ask the question "What is the best computer?". Our answer is: "The one you have with you.". We find out what you can do with the AI-driven Kirin 970 processor powered Huawei Mate 10 or Mate 10 Pro as the best computer to have with you in the video below.
Huawei Malaysia to offer some exclusive gift sets worth up to RM499 for selected Huawei products
For this upcoming Chinese New Year festive season, Huawei Malaysia is prepared to offer Malaysians some such as Huawei ang pow packets and exclusive merchandise worth up to RM499 for selected Huawei products. The promotion will start on 20 January until 28 February 2018. Below is the list of Huawei products eligible for the promotion.
VoWiFi will be available for Huawei Mate 10 & Mate 10 Pro soon
Today, Huawei Malaysia has announced that both the Mate 10 and Mate 10 Pro will be able to activate Voice Over WiFi (VoWiFi) starting 30 January 2018 onwards. VoWiFi is a technology that lets owners of the Mate series call their friends and family through a WiFi connection, currently, only Digi and U Mobile allow this new feature for Huawei.
Huawei Mate 10 review - Ultimate feature-filled flagship with an AI, 2K display and 3.5mm audio jack
Huawei are no strangers when it comes to pushing boundaries for their smartphones and devices, and the Huawei Mate 10 is no exception. Featuring the groundbreaking Kirin 970 processor, a new rounded mirror like glass back, nearly all of the new Huawei Mate features but still retaining the look and feel of the Mate 9, the Mate 10 seems like the best step between the Mate 9 and the Mate 10 Pro. But does it deliver the best of both the Mate 9 and Mate 10 series? Find out in our review of the Huawei Mate 10 below.
Total 46 items 1 2 3 4 5 1 / 5 Next


Sometimes you listen to music and as you listen you get hit with a song, one that makes you think, "This is it. This is what I like." Whether it's the vocals, the hook, or the beat, this one song reeled you in and made you pay attention, to the noise and details that crafted the piece. This mix consist of songs that reeled me in, songs that made me pay attention, songs that got me excited, and inspired me to be my best. All while making me come back to hit the repeat button again, again, and again. I hope they inspire you too. -Daniel M.


text:
Q: can't use publickey authentication for ssh with sierra I have had a script that has worked for a number of years that runs on linux (ubuntu 14.04) that ssh's to my iMac.
i set up public private key pairs for the script to log into the iMac.
I have struck a problem so i regenerated the public private key pairs using
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048  then i put the public key in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
i made sure the permissions of .ssh where set to 0600
i did the reciprocal key generation on ubuntu and the imac can log into ubuntu
i have updated ports on the imac.
a transcript of ssh -v 192.168.1.111 (imac) from (ubuntu) follows:
pete@ZEN:~$ ssh -v 192.168.1.111
OpenSSH_6.6.1, OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to imac.local [192.168.1.111] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: identity file /home/pete/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2.8
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com none
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com none
debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: RSA 19:dd:96:1d:99:9b:53:1a:71:b2:3f:2d:93:d0:c4:d9
debug1: Host 'imac.local' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/pete/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/pete/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pete/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pete/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pete/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive
Password:

A: The fact that the log shows the key in a first iteration of offering public keys (note that it says "offering RSA public key") indicates that it is coming from the ssh-agent or another source of keys.
Did you check if the old id_rsa key is maybe still stored in the ssh-agent?


text:
Thursday January 21 , 2021
Addiction Different Forms of
Alcohol Misuse
Family Help
Why do some people become addicts?
Aug 2	| Richard Kingdon • 20:18
Amy Winehouse's struggle with drink and drug addiction was well known, reflected in her music and widely reported in the media.
But how much do we understand addiction?
What causes it and why do some people become addicts while others do not?
Addiction is naturally associated with drink and drugs, but that is not the whole story.
The NHS points out that people can "become addicted to anything, from gambling to chocolate".
Addiction has to start with exposure, and at some point casual use shifts to dependence.
Dr Gillian Tober, president of the Society for the Study of Addiction, said all addiction has to start with first use.
"It is usually for social reasons – boyfriend, girlfriend, group of friends – it's usually not pleasant but there is a social reward."
This then becomes reinforced. "People say their first cigarette is disgusting. Some say never again, some break through and reveal the pharmacological effect."
Drugs directly feed the reward circuitry of the brain, and even in cases such as gambling the brain can learn to look forward to the thrill.
The brain adapts to the drug, becomes tolerant to it and demands more each time. Physiological dependence – addiction – emerges.
Resisting addiction
But not everyone becomes addicted. A great many people drink, even fewer are heavy drinkers, and even fewer become dependent.
Ilana Crome, a professor of addiction psychiatry at Keele University, said great progress had been made in recent years in understanding why that is.
"We're beginning to understand the variety of mechanisms in the addictive process, but do we know exactly what causes addiction? We don't.
"It seems to touch the very essence of behaviour, making it very difficult to research and understand."
Doctors cannot point to a 'single cause' of why addictions develop. There are however some risk factors.
The chair of the Faculty of Addictions at the Royal College of Psychiatrists, Dr Owen Bowden-Jones, puts the risks into three categories.
"One way to describe addiction is to think about it as a disorder with biological, psychological and social aspects."
He said that research suggests "people who are vulnerable to addiction may be 'wired' differently" particularly in the brain's orbito-frontal cortex.
"This part of the brain is involved in the weighing up of the pros and cons of a particular action, in other words, decision making."
Psychological trauma, such as through childhood neglect or bereavement, is common, he said.
On the social level he lists living where drugs are easily available or having friends who are addicted as well as poor housing and social deprivation.
However there are clearly many cases which do not fit these risk factors.
Harry Shapiro, from the charity Drug Scope, said addiction was a "complicated phenomenon with a combination of risk factors".
He said it was "impossible to pick people most likely to become addicted, it's such an individual thing."
Prof Crome said: "We can't predict exactly who will become addicted, but many people who are from a difficult background who might be predicted to develop a problem don't and that is a fascinating thing."
First contactAddiction has to start with exposure, and at some point casual use shifts to dependence.
Resisting addictionBut not everyone becomes addicted. A great many people drink, even fewer are heavy drinkers, and even fewer become dependent.
TAGS: Addiction News, alcohol concern, alcoholic, alcoholism, anxiety, binge drinking, cocaine, counselling, dependency, depression, drugs, emotional health, rehab
This entry was posted	on Tuesday, August 2nd, 2011 at 8:18 pm	and is filed under Addiction News, Mental Health News. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
City firms told to warn employees about risk of drug and alcohol addiction
The drugs don't work, they just make you worse
Alcohol and drugs impact on workplace rising significantly
In the City that never sleeps. . . traders stay up on 'smart' drugs
Traders Seek Help
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text:
Home Entertainment 'Attack on Titan' Season 4 Episode 4 to focus on Falco, Gabi
'Attack on Titan' Season 4 Episode 4 to focus on Falco, Gabi
Jonnalyn Cortez
Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 4 may continue to feature more character development instead of action-packed scenes. This time, the new episode may focus on Falco.
Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 4 is reportedly titled "From One Hand to Another." Although it remains to be seen the meaning behind it, it will surely be revealed in the series' return.
New episode's preview, synopsis
According to BlockToro, the new manga episode will be based on the manga storyline, so readers probably know what will happen next.
The preview trailer gives a glimpse of Falco, Gabi, and other characters, to whom the new installment may revolve.
By the looks of it, things are getting pretty serious this time, as the anime is now slowly catching up with the manga.
Spy – Black Clover's tweet reveals what may have been Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 4 synopsis.
"Falco Grice, one of the warrior candidates, in order protect his fellow warrior candidate Gabi Braun, whom he has feelings for, he must inherit the Armored Titan," the tweet read. "But the gap between him and Gabi is widening."
The tease ended with a mysterious man calling out to Falco as he is walking down the street.
Attack on Titan Volume 32 (English version) is available for purchase today
Link: https://t.co/YvtK9hXoZK pic.twitter.com/DaJwduZvum
— Attack on Titan Wiki (@AoTWiki) December 22, 2020
Falco, Gabi's possible love story
Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 4 will mostly feature Falco and Gabi. As Falco now has feelings for Gabi, he is willing to do everything to protect her, per International Business Times.
So, he wants to inherit the Armored Titan instead of her so that she can help prolong her life.
In Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 2, titled "Midnight Train," Reiner told Falco Gabi would probably get the Armored Titan form from him.
This made Falco looked upset, knowing it would make her life shorter.
He then asked Reiner if it was possible to put Gabi on the frontlines to save her.
The Warrior Unit Vice-Captain then reminded Falco that inheriting a Titan form is an honor. He also warned him about the consequences that come with questioning the Marleyan values.
Terrified with Reiner's words, Falco assured him that he "stands for Marley and its values."
New chapter's release date
The new episode will drop on Sunday, December 27, or Monday, December 28, depending on the region fans are living in.
It will be out at 12:45 p.m. Pacific Time, 2:45 p.m. Central Time, and 3:45 p.m. Eastern Time, per HITC. It can also be seen at 8:45 p.m. British Time and 9:45 p.m. European Time.
However, in Korea, Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 4 will be released at 5:45 a.m., 7:15 in Australia, and 9:45 a.m. New Zealand Time – all on Dec. 28.
Featured image used courtesy of AnimeUproar/YouTube Screenshot
Attack on Titan season 4
Attack on Titan Season 4 Episode 4
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BTS RM and Henry are this year's Arts Council Korea's 'Art...
'Demon Slayer: Mugen Train' tailing the top earning anime movie 'Spirited...
The world's oldest story? Astronomers say global myths about 'seven sisters'...


Unit of KTC (India) Pvt. Ltd.
When travelling to India, it is worth taking a short trip to a neighbouring country, to enhance your experience. You will notice a striking similarity, yet subtle differences in the people, food, culture, religion and lifestyle in the entire Indian subcontinent. It is in these differences that we celebrate the 'unity in diversity' of our land.
North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India.
The term North India officially refers to the states of Punjab, Jammu & Kashmir, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and the Union Territories of Delhi and Chandigarh. It has a diverse culture, and includes the Hindu pilgrimage centers of Char Dham, Haridwar, Varanasi, Ayodhya, Mathura, Allahabad, Vaishno Devi and Pushkar, the Buddhist pilgrimage centers of Sarnath and Kushinagar, the Sikh Golden Temple as well as world heritage sites such as the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Khajuraho temples, Hill Forts of Rajasthan etc.
The geography of the region is diverse with two mountain ranges - the Western and Eastern Ghats, bordering the plateau heartland. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vaigai rivers are important non-perennial sources of water. Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Coimbatore and Kochi are the largest urban areas.
Bhutan, the serene mountain kingdom, untouched by modernity, still retains its old world charm. Opened to tourists in 1974, Bhutan is an ancient land, rich in Buddhist culture, where Buddhism overpowers every aspect of routine life, art and traditions. Dotted with ancient monasteries, temples and stupas, Bhutan lies in the ranges of eastern Himalayas bordered by Tibet on the north and India on the south.
Sri Lanka, the tea country island, is rich in cultural, archaeological and natural treasures. Offering ample of colonial history, Sri Lanka is a land of diversity with its towering Buddhas, ancient cities and towns, green carpeted hill resorts, national wildlife parks, tea plantations, scenic golf courses and beautiful beaches.
Maldives are a cluster of 1,190 emerald islands with dazzling green centre of palm trees fringed with white sand and bordered by the clear turquoise Indian Ocean. A paradise for sun lovers, snorkellers and divers, Maldives is a perfect destination for a romantic getaway, honeymoon or a tranquil relaxing holiday. The airport, Male, is located centrally between the islands, and a speed boat or sea plane is used for airport to hotel transfers. The Maldives feature a variety of resorts, each resort located on its own little island, with its own unique charm. Accommodation ranges from individual cottages to over water villas.
In 1978, the inbound tour division, Travelite (India), was born with the mission to redefine the image of India in the hearts of tourists' world wide.
With more than 65 years of experience, we have created a dynasty of specialization in all spheres of tourism. We take pride in escorting our guests and enabling them to discover the real India in the best possible way.
Hi Nitin, The 5 pax just returned home. They had a great time in Kerala. Thanks for helping me in putting this group together. Comments from one of the pax you might like to read.
Dear Subodh, Happy New Year to you, your family and colleagues! My apologies for not getting in contact sooner, but after arriving back home just before Christmas and New year, then catching up with the family, time has slipped by!


The Clerk is generally at the Town Hall on Monday from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. and anytime on Tuesday and Wednesday. If you need immediate assistance, please call my home phone number given below.
The Treasurer has no regular office hours.


text:
Edgar Thurston CIE (1855– 12 October 1935) was the British Superintendent at the Madras Government Museum from 1885 to 1908 who contributed to research studies in the fields of zoology, ethnology and botany of India, and later also published his works at the museum. Thurston was educated in medicine and lectured in anatomy at the Madras Medical College while simultaneously holding a senior position at the museum. His early works were on numismatics and geology, and these were later followed by researches in anthropology and ethnography. He succeeded Frederick S. Mullaly as the Superintendent of Ethnography for the Madras Presidency.

Early life
Edgar Thurston was the son of Charles Bosworth Thurston of Kew, London. Schooled at Eton College, he then studied medicine at King's College, London, qualifying as LRCP in 1877. He worked as a medical officer in Kent County Lunatic Asylum and became a curator of the museum at King's College before joining the Madras Museum in 1885 as a superintendent.

Ethnography and geography
Whereas early European ideas on phrenology were applied to identify mental traits of individuals, advocates of scientific racism used what they considered to be more refined anthropometric measurements to identify castes. Thurston was one such person. He believed that intelligence was inversely proportional to the breadth of the nose and claimed that he scrutinised this as well as handwriting when recruiting clerks in his office. He gave lectures to the students of the Madras University and sometimes to the Madras Police on practical anthropology during the 1890s, and he trained the Madras Police in the use of anthropometry for criminal identification. The Bertillon system had already been incorporated in the Bengal and Madras Police departments by the 1890s and Thurston's training was intended to help the police identify membership of what were then termed as "criminal castes".

In 1901, Thurston was appointed to the Ethnographic Survey of India project, established at that time following the success of Herbert Hope Risley's Ethnographic Survey of Bengal. Risley was an adherent to the theories of scientific racism and had been appointed as director of Ethnology in India. Thurston worked as a part of this project to collect accurate anthropometric measurements. These included a number of measurements of the skull and derived indices or proportions such as the nasal index. He did this work alongside his role as superintendent of the Madras Museum, a position that he did not leave until 1908.

Among other published works, Thurston wrote the seven volumes of Castes and Tribes of Southern India, published in 1909 as part of the Ethnographic Survey of India. In that work he was assisted by K. Rangachari, a colleague from the Madras museum who had also assisted him in a 1906 ethnographic study, Ethnographic Notes in Southern India. Rangachari had supplied most of the forty photographs used in this earlier study. The September 1910 edition of Nature described the 1909 publication as

Thurston also authored The Madras Presidency, with Mysore Coorg, and the associated States, being the third volume of the four-volume series "Provincial Geographies of India" which was published between 1913–23 by the Cambridge University Press under the editorship of Thomas Henry Holland which included physical information and ethnographic notes.

Botany and zoology
Thurston made numerous collections of plant and animals specimens, many of which were sent to the British Museum. In the late 1880s he was involved in studies on pearl fishing in the Gulf of Mannar. On a visit to Europe he sought to find electric lights that would work at a depth of 20 fathoms so as to assist in pearl harvesting. Some species have been named after him, including the marine organisms Manaria thurstoni (E.A. Smith, 1906), Sepia thurstoni (W. Adam & W. J. Rees, 1966), Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908), and Ecteinascidia thurstoni (Herdman, 1890). Also, a species of Indian snake, Gerrhopilus thurstoni (Boettger, 1890), is named in his honor.

Museum and art
Aside from his role at the Madras Museum, Thurston was for some time Honorary Secretary to the now-defunct Fine Arts Society of Madras and was influential in promoting the artistic works of Raja Ravi Varma and his brother C. Raja Raja Varma.

Later life
Thurston was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal, first class, on 26 June 1902. He was made C.I.E. in 1909. He retired to England and spent his winters at Penzance where he studied the local plants and regularly hosted a New Year party for the local botanists. He died on 12 October 1935 at Penzance.

Works

See also
Robert Vane Russell

Notes

Further reading

External links

 Works on Google Books

1855 births
1935 deaths
British Indologists
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
British male writers
Alumni of King's College London
People educated at Eton College
British people in colonial India


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If you want to see some stunning birdseye and curly maple then you must click on the links below. They are custom mandolins made by some people that I've had the pleasure to do business with. Max and Lauri Girouard are mandolin builders and have their own shop in Contoocook, NH. They not only know how to make the best sounding mandolins but the best looking as well. Look at what they have been able with some of our maple. Also, read about how they are making quite the name for themselves.


text:
Tim Grossklaus (born 22 July 1987) is a German former professional footballer who played as a forward.

Career
Grossklaus was born in Freiburg, West Germany. He started his career at FC Basel's youth team in 2005 and had a successful second season there in which he scored 21 goals in 29 appearances for FC Basel Under-21s. His goal-scoring form caught the eye of many Austrian and Swiss clubs and he eventually joined Liechtenstein side FC Vaduz in summer 2007. He helped the club secure promotion to the Swiss Super League from the Swiss Challenge League in the 2007–08 season. On 15 January 2009, he moved  to FC Wil on loan along with teammate Diren Akdemir.

References

External links
 Profile at Swiss Football League Website

Living people
1987 births
German footballers
Association football forwards
Swiss Super League players
FC Basel players
FC Vaduz players
FC Wil players
German expatriate footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
German expatriate sportspeople in Liechtenstein
Expatriate footballers in Liechtenstein
Sportspeople from Freiburg im Breisgau
Footballers from Baden-Württemberg


That's what we believe at People's Church. Life may be going great for you, or you may have hurts, habits, and hang-ups. Either way, you can come just like you are. No matter where you are on your spiritual journey you are welcome!
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The most valuable feature is its ability to do what it's supposed to do, which is to ensure that you have a wide array of tool-sets to properly monitor your infrastructure. Also, that it's able to scale properly is valuable.
The products have been able to deliver the service to our business, which is to ensure that the applications that depend on our servers are always available. The business and support teams can be supported properly. We can choose how to use HP's tools to monitor the changing dynamics of IT technology. Sitescope allows us to run queries to deal with different cases, so that we don't have to go back to HP to open an ER for us. That's one of the main things I love about the product.
I think, what comes to mind, to be able to reliably do more monitoring on a single Sitescope server in a more compact way, with fewer servers, would be an area for improvement. Right now there's no way to really say that you've hit the limit for the server, but that's important to know.
Every product has its issues, but I think overall it's stable. It's never perfect but it's pretty good.
I think that the scalability needs to be worked on a bit. We can scale fine horizontally, but we'd like to scale less horizontal and be more compact. HP still has a bit of ways to go to ensure that this happens. I would give it a 6-7/10.
It depends. When you purchase the product, you have somebody managing your account that always handles your case, which ensures that you get the response from the right tier of service, which we've found extremely helpful.
About nine years ago, they were changing requirements in what we were doing, so we needed to find a solution that could cover as much that we needed.
We also looked at BMC, and IBM. We chose HP because of the pure requirements and matching functionality with the product. I think the key reason why we chose HP is that the solution gives you a tool-set to monitor the technology vs. other products that only gives you a very specific solution that you can only use to monitor one particular technology.
You need to ensure that functionality meets the majority of your requirements. Quality or proposed quality of their support as well as their ability to keep ahead of the curve in terms of the technology. But remember there's no perfect solution – you always apply the 80/20 rule and find the solution that can match your current requirements and anticipate what your future needs are. That's why we've had our product for over nine years now, which shows we did a good job with our selection.


We are a movement of Jews and Christians that supports the Jewish people's rights to sovereignty over Mt Zion — the Temple Mount.
We appeal to the ruling bodies of Israel to exercise their full, legal sovereignty, guaranteeing Jewish rights on their most holy place — the Temple Mount.
" ISRAEL: EXERCISE FULL SOVEREIGNTY ON THE TEMPLE MOUNT AND GUARANTEE JEWISH RIGHTS ON THEIR MOST HOLY PLACE! #CryForZion "
The Temple Mount is the holiest place on earth to the Jewish people. As of 1967, the State of Israel holds full, legal rights to the Mount, but handed over administration to the Muslim religious Waqf. The Waqf now attempts to monopolize the site.
Today on the Temple Mount, non-Muslims are discriminated against and are not even allowed to move their lips in silent prayer. They are routinely harassed and abused—forbidden from bringing a Bible or prayer book, and even their access is severely restricted. At the Western Wall, which is under Jewish sovereignty, everyone can respectfully pray.
The Israeli Supreme Court has ruled that Jews must be allowed to pray there. Yet, the Police have a legal loophole to discriminate as they wish. Israel has an obligation to uphold international human rights on the Mount, including freedom of worship (UDHR). The decision now rests in the hands of the Government of Israel, the people of Israel, and your support!
Did Jews abandon the Temple Mt?
Was the Temple Really on the Temple Mt?
What about the temple of antichrist?
Cry For Zion in the News!
For Christians, we recommend The Joy of the Whole Earth: Jerusalem and the Future of the World. This highly current and significant book is a must for Christians to understand the importance and holiness of Jerusalem and the Temple Mount. It challenges conventional paradigms, and shifts the focal point of Christian thinking for anyone willing to be confronted by the message of the Bible.
For anyone interested in what the archeology of the Temple Mount actually has to say, The Quest by Leen Ritmeyer is the place to start. As an archeological architect working on the Temple Mount for the past 30 years, Ritmeyer has filled over 400 pages with rich illustrations of the Temple Mount's archeology as well as the history of that archeology. A go-to book for real facts.
Ambassador Dore Gold is an Israeli diplomat and has served as advisor to two Israeli Prime Ministers. His book The Fight for Jerusalem gives an excellent overview of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim history in Jerusalem. Furthermore, the book gives the hard facts on modern diplomacy regarding Jerusalem, peace negotiations, and particularly Jerusalem's holy sites.
A core part of the conflict over the Temple Mount is sovereignty. The repeatedly failed "two-state solution" proposes to divide Jerusalem and give historic Jerusalem—including the Temple Mount—to an exclusively Muslim, Palestinian state. Managing Editor of the Jerusalem Post, Caroline Glick, has written perhaps the most thorough and definitive debunking of the two-state policy, as well as practically outlining the only realistic alternative in The Israeli Solution: A One State Plan for Peace in the Middle East.
Much has been written regarding media bias in the Arab-Israeli conflict (a conflict in which the Temple Mount is central). Yet, no one has done so quite as thoroughly as journalism major Shraga Simmons. During the second Intifada, Simmon's organisation, Honest Reporting, even managed to bring the king of cable TV news, CNN, to its knees over its abysmally perverted reporting. Read the downright infuriating account in David & Goliath, a must-have resource for anyone working for truth and justice in the Middle East.
Many who take an interest in the conflict around Jerusalem want a current, inside-look at the Israeli and Palestinian societies. Many have tried, and most fail. But Catch the Jew! really puts its finger on the pulse of today's Israel. In this "literary sensation," journalist Tuvia Tenenbom—fluent in Hebrew, Arabic, and more—spends six months getting everyone fr0m politicians to prostitutes to bare their souls in this hilarious, irreverent, and heart-rending book. In the process, he uncovers a Western-funded, NGO-activism-war.
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This article discusses two methods of optimizing pressurization control in large buildings: outside-air-static-pressure-measurement termination and control sequences.
In many large commercial buildings, central-station air handlers are used to maintain occupant comfort. Often, these units include return fans, which draw air from occupied spaces for recirculation or exhaust. Commonly, the return fans are controlled with variable-frequency drives (VFDs), which receive a speed signal based on building differential static pressure—the difference between interior-space static pressure and outside-air static pressure.
Building differential static pressure commonly is measured with a sensor with two ports: a high-pressure port and a low-pressure port. Tubing extends from both ports. Commonly, low-port tubing is extended to the outside of a building, while high-port tubing is extended to an interior space. The sensor determines the difference in static pressure between the two ports, which it can report to a building-automation system. Typically, this is done as part of a strategy to keep interior-space pressure slightly positive relative to outdoor pressure, reducing infiltration that could lead to comfort and/or indoor-air-quality (IAQ) issues.
The recent retrocommissioning of two office buildings—one 25 stories and 500,000 sq ft, the other 24 stories and 200,000 sq ft—served by central-station variable-air-volume air handlers in California revealed substantial opportunities for optimizing pressurization-control systems in large commercial buildings. This article will discuss two such opportunities: outside-air-static-pressure-measurement termination and control sequences.
In both retrocommissioned buildings, the low port of each pressure sensor was open to the control panel in which the sensor was installed, not extended to the outside via tubing.
In one building, the control panel was in the penthouse mechanical room, which was open to the outside via boiler outside-air-intake louvers. While that location was good for minimizing wind effects and protecting the sensor from rain, readings likely were not representative of true outside-air static pressure because the panel was in a room containing equipment (boiler burner fan, exhaust fans, etc.) that could have a significant effect on pressure in the space.
In the other building, the control panel containing the sensor was located in the return-air plenum, on the discharge side of the return fan. At this location, with the low-side port open to the panel and, thus, the plenum, the pressure sensed by the low-side port was higher than the pressure sensed by the high-side port. There was intent to extend the tubing to the outside, as evidenced by a hole in the adjacent exterior wall, but the tubing never was installed (Photo A).
It is worth mentioning that neither of the buildings was commissioned originally.
The termination of low-port tubing is important, as wind can have a significant impact on measured outside-air pressure. For example, a 10-mph outside breeze translates to wind pressure of 0.05 in., per Bernoulli's Equation. This light breeze can have a significant impact on pressure control, as pressurization systems typically operate to maintain a slightly positive building pressure in the same range (0.05 in.).
Many outside-air-pressure-sensing devices are available for installation at low-port-tubing terminations. Designed to minimize the effects of wind speed, these devices typically consist of two plates, with the sensing element in the middle of the inside surface of one of the plates. Most manufacturers, as well as the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE),1 recommend installation of the devices 10 to 15 ft above a building to further minimize wind effects.
The building-pressurization-control scheme for the two retrocommissioned buildings is similar to the one employed in many buildings with central-station air-handling systems: Return-fan speed is varied to maintain a set differential between interior-space and outside-air pressure. The two buildings also employ an economizer-damper-control scheme that is fairly typical: The economizer-damper controller sends a signal to control outside-, return-, and relief-air dampers, with the return-air dampers operating opposite of the outside- and relief-air dampers (Figure 1).
These control schemes can cause performance issues because the control sequences overlap somewhat: The relief-air damper operates based on the economizer-damper signal (temperature- or enthalpy-based control), but is an integral part of the building-pressurization-control scheme (pressure-based control). For example, on a past retrocommissioning project, the pressure in the main air handler's mixed-air plenum was positive during minimum-outside-air operation. (Normally, a mixed-air plenum should be at a negative pressure to draw in outside air.) Instead of outside air being drawn in, return air was being exhausted through the outside-air damper; in other words, the system was operating in 100-percent recirculation mode. This issue was attributable to oversized return-air dampers—typically, return-air dampers should be smaller than outside- and relief-air dampers in return-fan systems2—and the overlap of temperature- and pressure-control strategies.
A better method may be to control the relief damper to maintain building differential pressure and control the return fan to maintain return-air-plenum pressure (Figure 2).3 With this scheme, the relief-air damper is controlled directly by pressure instead of the economizer cycle, and the return fan operates to ensure there is enough pressure in the return-air plenum to push air through either the relief-air damper or the return-air damper. The outside- and return-air dampers would continue to be controlled based on the economizer cycle.1 Note that proper sizing of the outside, return, and relief dampers is required to help ensure sufficient outside-air intake during non-economizer operation.
Converting a control system from the arrangement in Figure 1 to the arrangement in Figure 2 would require minimal capital outlay, as no major system modifications beyond the addition of a pressure sensor and related points and the modification of control sequences would be required. Depending on the as-found performance of a system, such a conversion could result in reduced energy use through return-fan-speed reduction and increased indoor environmental quality through adequate outside-air intake.
Another possible improvement involves the use of a relief fan instead of a return fan. A relief fan is located downstream of the return-air plenum, drawing air from the plenum and pushing it through the relief-air damper (Figure 3). The relief fan should be controlled to maintain building pressurization, not used as part of an economizer-control scheme. Typically, it will not need to operate during minimum-outside-air mode.3 For a relief fan with a VFD, the relief damper is closed when the fan is off and open when the fan is on. In buildings utilizing return fans, changing to a relief-fan system may not be feasible because of space constraints and cost. In buildings with a relief-fan arrangement already in place, an investigation of system performance is worthwhile; as with a return-fan system, check the low-port-tubing termination and control sequences.
Another method of building-pressurization control is indirect, by which supply- and return-air volumes or intake- and exhaust-air volumes are measured instead of interior/outside pressures. For an existing building with a direct-measurement control system already in place, this may not be feasible because of the space required for proper installation of airflow-measuring stations.
Return or relief fans operate near 100-percent speed most of the time.
Building differential static pressure fluctuates widely and/or rapidly.
Return- or relief-fan speed fluctuates widely and/or rapidly.
Exterior doors are hard to open or do not close securely.
Inspect the low- and high-port-tubing terminations. Ensure the high-port tubing terminates at a location representative of the space pressure and away from doors and that the low-port tubing terminates in an accessible location and a manner minimizing wind effects. Consider installing an outside-air-pressure-sensing device at the low-port termination to mitigate wind effects.
Check and, if necessary, adjust the calibration of the differential-pressure sensor.
Inspect the integrity of the tubing between the sensor and interior and outdoor spaces.
Review the control sequences. If building differential pressure is controlling the return fan(s), consider using the signal to control the relief-air damper instead and installing a pressure sensor in the return-air plenum to control return-fan speed. The economizer-damper-control sequence would need to be modified as well.
Trace the return-air pathway from the interior space to the fan. Ensure return-air grilles/openings are sufficient and that the pathway is not obstructed by interior walls extending to the floor deck above (for return-air plenums), closed fire/smoke dampers, or damaged internal duct insulation.
Many large commercial buildings utilize direct-measurement building-pressurization-control systems. Optimizing the performance of those systems as part of a retrocommissioning project can yield energy savings and improved IAQ through reduced return/relief-fan speeds, reduced infiltration, and proper outside-air intake.
ASHRAE President Gordon V.R. Holness, PE, FASHRAE, has urged ASHRAE members to focus on increasing energy efficiency in existing buildings.5 Optimizing the performance of building-pressurization systems can be a low-cost method of doing that.
ASHRAE. (2007). 2007 ASHRAE handbook - HVAC applications (ch. 46). Atlanta: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers.
Lizardos, E., & Elovitz, K.M. (2000, April). Practical guide: Damper sizing using damper authority. ASHRAE Journal, pp. 37-43.
Taylor, S.T. (2000, September). Comparing economizer relief systems. ASHRAE Journal, pp. 33-40, 42.
Holness, G.V.R. (2009, August). Sustaining our future by rebuilding our past: Energy efficiency in existing buildings — Our greatest opportunity for a sustainable future. ASHRAE Journal, pp. 16-21.
Dave Moser, PE, is a senior engineer for Portland Energy Conservation Inc. Focusing on commercial-building energy efficiency, he manages the technical aspects of utility retrocommissioning programs, leads in-building retrocommissioning projects, and conducts research. He can be contacted at [email protected].


The tremendous growth of scientific knowledge over the past 50 years has resulted in an intense pressure on the engineering curricula of many universities to substitute "modern" subjects in place of subjects perceived as weaker or outdated. The result is that, for some, the kinematics and dynamics of machines has remained a critical component of the curriculum and a requirement for all mechanical engineering students, while at others, a course on these subjects is only made available as an elective topic for specialized study by a small number of engineering students. Some schools, depending largely on the faculty, require a greater emphasis on mechanical design at the expense of depth of knowledge in analytical techniques. Rapid advances in technology, however, have produced a need for a textbook that satisfies the requirement of new and changing course structures.
Much of the new knowledge in the theory of machines and mechanisms currently exists in a large variety of technical journals and manuscripts, each couched in its own singular language and nomenclature and each requiring additional background for clear comprehension. It is possible that the individual published contributions could be used to strengthen engineering courses if the necessary foundation was provided and a common notation and nomenclature was established. These new developments could then be integrated into existing courses to provide a logical, modern, and comprehensive whole. The purpose of this book is to provide the background that will allow such an integration.
This book is intended to cover that field of engineering theory, analysis, design, and practice that is generally described as mechanisms or as kinematics and dynamics of machines. Although this text is written primarily for students of mechanical engineering, the content can also be of considerable value to practicing engineers throughout their professional careers.
To develop a broad and basic comprehension, the text presents numerous methods of analysis and synthesis that are common to the literature of the field. The authors have included graphic methods of analysis and synthesis extensively throughout the book, because they are firmly of the opinion that graphic methods provide visual feedback that enhances the student's understanding of the basic nature of, and interplay between, the underlying equations. Therefore, graphic methods are presented as one possible solution technique, but are always accompanied by vector equations defined by the fundamental laws of mechanics, rather than as graphic "tricks" to be learned by rote and applied blindly. In addition, although graphic techniques, performed by hand, may lack accuracy, they can be performed quickly, and even inaccurate sketches can often provide reasonable estimates of a solution and can be used to check the results of analytic or numeric solution techniques.
The authors also use conventional methods of vector analysis throughout the book, both in deriving and presenting the governing equations and in their solution. Raven's methods using complex algebra for the solution of two-dimensional vector equations are included because of their compactness, because of the ease of taking derivatives, because they are employed so frequently in the literature, and because they are so easy to program for computer evaluation. In the chapter dealing with three-dimensional kinematics and robotics, the authors present a brief introduction to Denavit and Hartenberg's methods using transformation matrices.
Another feature of this text is its focus on the method of kinematic coefficients, which are derivatives of motion variables with respect to the input position variable(s) rather than with respect to time. The authors believe that this analytic technique provides several important advantages, namely: (1) Kinematic coefficients clarify for the student those parts of a motion problem that are kinematic (geometric) in their nature, and clearly separate these from the parts that are dynamic or speed dependent. (2) Kinematic coefficients help to integrate the analysis of different types of mechanical systems, such as gears, cams, and linkages, which might not otherwise seem similar.
One dilemma that all writers on the subject of this book have faced is how to distinguish between the motions of different points of the same moving body and the motions of coincident points of different moving bodies. In other texts, it has been customary to describe both of these as "relative motion"; however, because they are two distinctly different situations and are described by different equations, this causes the student confusion in distinguishing between them. We believe that we have greatly relieved this problem by the introduction of the terms motion difference and apparent motion and by using different terminology and different notation for the two cases. Thus, for example, this book uses the two terms velocity difference and apparent velocity, instead of the term "relative velocity," which will not be found when speaking rigorously. This approach is introduced beginning with position and displacement, used extensively in the chapter on velocity, and brought to fulfillment in the chapter onaccelerations, where the Coriolis component always arises in, and only arises in, the apparent acceleration equation.
Access to personal computers, programmable calculators, and laptop computers is commonplace and is of considerable importance to the material of this book. Yet engineering educators have told us very forcibly that they do not want computer programs included in the text. They prefer to write their own programs, and they expect their students to do so as well. Having programmed almost all the material in the book many times, we also understand that the book should not include such programs and thus become obsolete with changes in computers or programming languages. The authors have endeavored to use US Customary units and SI units in about equal proportions throughout the book. However, there are certain exceptions. For example, in Chapter 14 (Dynamics of Reciprocating Engines), only SI units are presented, because engines are designed for an international marketplace, even by US companies. Therefore, they are always rated in kilowatts rather than horsepower, they have displacements in liters rather than cubic inches, and their cylinder pressures are measured in kilopascals rather than pounds per square inch.