Our week, like many people in the UK, has been dominated by the snow. I took lots of photos of Freya and her friends having fun playing outside while they were off school but this quick snap is my favourite (sorry if you've already seen it on Instagram).
We saw these gulls fighting over a scrap of food nearby and, as they took off and flew overhead, I quickly pointed my camera up and snapped a shot. I wasn't sure if it would come out because it was snowing quite heavily (don't worry, I had a plastic bag over my camera) but I think it looks rather pretty.
Anyway, I'm more than ready to see the back of the white stuff now (I don't know how people who live in countries where it snows all the time do it). I hope you have all stayed safe and warm.
Please pop back tomorrow when the author S D Robertson takes part in my Behind The Book feature. He's just published his third book and has advice about believing in yourself as well as some writing tips.
Previous postVisible Girls: Revisited by Anita Corbin in Norwich.
Next postA Look Behind The Book With S D Robertson.
That is a well caught image. The snow really adds to it. I simply did get out with my camera this week sadly as I was too stretched. I wonder if the gulls found any food?
Thank you. I hope they did. We've made some bird feed holders for smaller birds.
Stunning shot. Now tell me about the plastic bag, did it cover lens, is it a special bag?
It's very special because it cost 5p from the supermarket (forgot my reusable bags!). I cut a whole it in but it covered the lens and the camera body. I thawed it all out when we came back in too.
Very clever, a cloth reusable bag would not have worked so well!
A lovely unique photo, the effect has come out so well.
I did see it on Instagram, but I don't mind seeing it again! That is an awesome shot.
Thank you, Sarah. I should plan better but get too excited. Hehe.
Wow that's such a brilliant shot, the way you've caught the gills in flight!
Its an amazing shot! White on white and yet you can see the seagulls well.


Although not necessarily the first place on a traveler?s list of destinations to visit in India, Bangalore is a real gem of a city. Known as? India?s Garden City?, at second glance there are many reasons to travel to Bangalore and with cheap airfares to Bangalore available from the UK and direct flights from London to Bangalore, it is easier than ever to discover this intriguing destination.
Another of the city?s claims to fame is its high-tech industry. It is recognized by many as the ?call centre capital of the world? but with our cheap flights to Bangalore you will soon discover that it has far more to offer than just this! From the imposing granite faade of the ?Vidhana Soudha? - the legislative house of the State of Karnataka to the ultra-modern ?gilded lily? design of the Vikasa Soudha and temples galore (excuse the pun), there is plenty to see and do in this most absorbing of cities. With the opening of the new Bangalore International Airport in May 2008, capacity has greatly increased, finally making bargain flights to Bangalore a reality. The growth of this economically powerful city has meant that it is fast becoming another gateway to the sub-continent and cheap airfares to Bangalore are available from an increasing number of destinations.
With tickets to India it is simple to book your cheap flights to Bangalore. Just enter your dates and requirements and your budget flights to Bangalore are just a few clicks away!


text:
package com.jingxuan.detect;

import java.util.Map;

import com.jingxuan.utils.MobileUtils;
import com.jingxuan.utils.PatternUtils;

/**
 * class used to detect mobile
 *
 * @package com.jingxuan.detect
 * @version 0.0.1
 * @author Andys
 *
 */
public class Mobile {

    /**
     * method used to detect the given user agent whether is a phone device
     *
     * @param userAgent
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean isPhone(String userAgent){
       Map<String, String> mobilePatterns = MobileUtils.Phone.get();

       return PatternUtils.checkPatternFromMap(userAgent, mobilePatterns);
    }

    public static boolean isTablet(String userAgent){
        Map<String, String> mobilePatterns = MobileUtils.Tablet.get();

        return PatternUtils.checkPatternFromMap(userAgent, mobilePatterns);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The classic 'Nautical Stripe' features in the latest issue of Coastal Home magazine, with the Life! branded, Premium Beach Umbrella by SlumberTrek. Life! is SlumberTrek's first designer brand and offers premium quality materials across a wide variety of beach, outdoor and back-yard products.


My photo of a lovely rose quartz candle, was just featured on the Los Gatos Chiropractic and Wellness Center website for their article: Five Slumber Inducing Rituals for the Rest You Need.
Ironic, as this news comes on a day where I'm only running on 5 hours sleep!
If you'd like ambiance photos like this one for your business, please contact me.


Description Text states: Fiesta de Colores, '93. Gay Pride Week. June 26-July 4. Albuquerque, N.M.
Citation W102_textiles007, M. Charlene Ball papers, Archives for Research on Women and Gender. Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University.


text:
Home | Infocenter | Newsletter | Archive | Newsletter 2014 | Edition 01/2014 | Integrated and intelligent
Integrated and intelligent
windream Partner Scanfabrik KG Offers Modern Storage Solutions for the windream ECM System
Documents are an important part of all business processes. The basis for a smooth exchange and processing of documents is their availability in digital form, allowing the access to these documents at all times. The digital archiving and management of documents is very important in this context, since it allows an efficient organization of the preparation, storage and provision of documents.
Focus: The Next Generation of Storage Media
During the last years, companies such as ASTI/Plasmon (USA) and DISC (Germany) have secured leading roles in this branch for themselves by significantly enhancing their Jukebox systems. Experts are already referring to these optical storage media of the newest generation as hybrid technologies. Modern interfaces such as iSCSI, allow the integration of an IT environment with VM ware. The integrated software allows users to connect one or several shares within a network and to assign them to their own media pool – consisting of a hard disk and optical media.
Modern Hybrid Storage Solutions
The new interfaces for optical storages allow users to use the windream object store for long-term archiving via a network share. Depending on the configuration, active documents can be made available on a quick hard disk storage, parallel to the optical storage, while inactive documents can be stored on a BluRay or on an Ultra Density Optical Medium (UDO).
This technology allows a convenient integration of optical jukeboxes or optical hybrid appliance storages into a windream Server, even without an older, direct SCSI interface. The True-WORM technology fulfills the highest requirements towards the archiving of data, such as SEC 17a-4, Sarbanes-Oxley, GdPU and other guidelines. And in computer centers, green IT, i.e. energy efficiency, during the long-term archiving of large data stocks is especially important.
Further Information and Contact Data
For further information, please refer to: Wolfgang Stehr, ECM Solutions Manager, Scanfabrik KG, Chromstraße 9, 33415 Verl, GERMANY; phone: +49 5246 9099080, e-mail: ws@scanfabrik.de. Also online at: www.scanfabrik.de.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home/News/Health & Living/Give Snowplow Trucks Room to Operate
Health & LivingNewsOutdoorsWeather
Give Snowplow Trucks Room to Operate
Mark Pitz Send an email 2 weeks agoLast Updated: January 20, 2023
With snowfall totals approaching 10 inches or more in some areas of north Iowa from Wednesday night into Thursday afternoon, there's still plenty of road cleanup to complete.
Pete Hjelmstad with the Mason City District office of the Iowa DOT reminds motorists to give snowplow trucks room to operate.
https://kchanews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Hjelmstad-Blindspots-1.mp3
Hjelmstad also asks for patience in getting roads cleared, noting that drivers are trying to cover a lot of area during their assigned routes.
https://kchanews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Hjelmstad-Route-1.mp3
Hjelmstad says the best way to monitor the snowplow cameras and road conditions in general is to utilize the DOT's Iowa 511 app.
Iowa DNR Fishing Report for Week of January 18
17-Year-Old Male Charged with Sexual Assault in Waverly Pleads Guilty


text:
Oliarus swazica är en insektsart som beskrevs av Van Stalle 1987. Oliarus swazica ingår i släktet Oliarus och familjen kilstritar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Kilstritar
swazica

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Enhancing security through efficiency focus- Insights from a multiple stakeholder pilot implementation (Sternberg et al. 2012)
June 30, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Customs, Customs risks, Data quality, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, EU, Global, IT, Maritime, Optimization, Other-cluster, Police, Risk management, Road, Satellites, Scientific, Sea port, Shipper, Supply chain security, Tax evasion, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport carrier, Transport security agency, WP10, WP11, WP13, WP14, WP15, WP17, WP19 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Efficiency and security are said to be opposing goals of logistics operations: when security goes up, efficiency decreases, and vice versa. Yet, it is suggested that information technologies could improve efficiency and security simultaneously. Sternberg et al. (2012) investigate this hypothesis: whether and to what extent increased attention to efficiency results in improved security in carrier operations in a seaport context. In a longitudinal case study, they research carrier operations in connection with port terminals carrying out Roll-in Roll-out (RoRo) operations on trailers at the port of Gothenburg. They find that investments in new ICT solutions, in fact, remove some of the barriers to higher efficiency and improve security against cargo theft and terrorism. In particular, they report that ICT investments increased efficiency in terms of reduced waiting times and increased ability to plan port operations (pre-arrival notification) and fast positioning of trailers in a port. The new ICT solutions also increased security in terms of more secure document handling (decreases the risk that sensitive information falls into the hands of criminals), better anomaly detection (helps customs identify trailers that are most likely tampered in-transit) and increased visibility. The abstract is available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.
Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA) based on his doctoral thesis.
This article is relevant for CORE demonstrations that focus on sea port operations (WP10-11 and WP13-15 and WP17). The research shows how a 'common information sharing platform' – an electronic and highly automated communication network among LSPs, carriers, ferry operators, port operators and authorities – increases logistics efficiency and security performance simultaneously. The main components of this platform include information sharing through a common information area, real-time geographical position of truck and trailer, identification technology in truck, RFID tags on transport units and RFID readers mounted on terminals, electronic manifest, and electronic container seals. More specifically, Sternberg et al. (2012) observed that adoption of a set of IT-enabled SCS solutions eliminated logistics efficiency and security issues simultaneously:
Real-time geo-positioning of trucks and trailers enabled the port operator to allocate a vacant spot for a trailer prior to its arrival, which reduced the waiting time at the port entrance. The real-time information enabled also customs to detect anomalies in shipping schedules and routings that would imply a heightened risk of smuggling.
RFID-based identification of drivers, trucks, and trailers automated and accelerated the access formalities at the port entrance and increased reliability of driver authentication.
Digitalization of cargo manifests eliminated the time-consuming manual document handling and reduced the risk of unauthorised access to confidential information.
E-seals enabled customs officers to identify intact containers and spare them from time- consuming inspections.
Sternberg, H., Nyquist, C., & Nilsson, F. (2012). Enhancing Security Through Efficiency Focus— Insights from a Multiple Stakeholder Pilot Implementation. Journal of Business Logistics, 33(1), 64-73.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-30 17:48:512016-06-30 17:48:51Enhancing security through efficiency focus- Insights from a multiple stakeholder pilot implementation (Sternberg et al. 2012)
Estimating the Operational Impact of Container Inspections at International Ports (Bakshi et al. 2011)
June 30, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Demo-cluster, Global, Maritime, Optimization, Other-cluster, Resilience, Risk management, Scanning, Scientific, Screening, Sea port, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport security agency, USA, WP10, WP11, WP13, WP14, WP15, WP17, WP19 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
The US government is pushing a new 100 % screening regime for US-bound containers in foreign ports to mitigate the risk of weapons of mass destruction entering US soil. The 100 % regime, however, is a major concern for foreign port operators because the current Container Security Initiative (CSI) regime seems not to be scalable for high inspection rates. The paper of Bakshi et al. (2011) simulate impacts of two container inspection regimes (the CSI and a new one) in terms of port congestion, handling cost and dwell time. To carry out the simulation, the authors use discrete event queuing network simulation with real container movement data from two of the world's busiest container terminals. The analysis shows that cargo inspections many times disrupt optimized logistics processes at seaports. In particular, inspections extend the transportation leadtime because shipments lose time as they (i) are moved to an inspection site, (ii) queue for inspection to start, (iii) pass inspections themselves. Download the abstract here: http://pubsonline.informs.org.
This paper is highly relevant for CORE demonstrations that involve screening in seaports (WP10-11 and WP13-15 and WP17). The research illustrates the impact of the security integration on speed, cost, and predictability of the seaport logistics. Bakshi et al. (2011) observe that security inspection at port entrances (quayside for ships and city-side for trucks) with drive-through inspection portals, does not delay nor divert the routine container handling process, in which a crane unloads a container from a ship or a truck and deposits it to a stack where the container waits until it is its time to leave the port. But if a container is inspected a few hours prior its scheduled departure, as is currently done under the US Container Security Initiative (CSI) regime, the routine handling process gets disrupted, (see Figure 6). Remarkably, the only value-adding security activity "non-intrusive inspection" (11) requires three preceding activities (8P10) and another three following activities (12-14), none of which add value from security or service standpoints. Other valueless activities, which do not appear in the illustration, include searching of the shipment selected for screening and verification of its documentation. The extra activities consume time and money but add no value to the shipping service. The first approach with drive-through portals eliminates the non-value adding supportive logistics activities (8-10 and 12-14) and therefore enhances logistics speed and efficiency without necessarily lowering the security level.
Bakshi, N., Flynn, S. E., & Gans, N. (2011). Estimating the operational impact of container inspections at international ports. Management Science, 57(1), 1-20.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-30 15:59:582016-06-30 15:59:58Estimating the Operational Impact of Container Inspections at International Ports (Bakshi et al. 2011)
New survey on European postal security
June 15, 2016 /0 Comments/in Air, Blog, CBRA, Counter-terrorism, Customs risks, EU, FP7, Global, IT, Mail operator, Multi-modal, Rail, Risk management, Road, Scanning, Screening, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, UPU, WP2, WP3 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
PostEurop and Cross-border Research Association have launched a new online survey on postal security management to promote further development and implementation of best security practices in the postal sector. The survey is part of the ongoing SAFEPOST project that the European Commission is co-funding under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). SAFEPOST project going to finish in the end of July after four years of work towards higher postal security in the European Union.
The survey studies the current state of postal security management among PostEurop members, 52 postal operators in 49 European countries. The goal is to collect responses mainly from security and safety managers of the PostEurop members, but also postal expert familiar with sorting and distribution processes are welcome to provide their inputs. The first part of the survey focuses on security implementation and security performance, and the second part studies postal managers' expectations and concerns regarding the following six main SAFEPOST innovations:
Common Postal Security Space:
SAFEPOST has created an online platform for sharing security-related information between postal operators. This Common Postal Security Space provides a digital track record of security controls and related evidence (for example X-ray images) that a postal parcel has encountered over its journey, and facilitates an easy and controlled way to exchange information both with other operators as well as the authorities.
D-tube drug screening station:
SAFEPOST has demonstrated a new screening solution, D-tube, that can be fully integrated into the sorting process. The D-Tube's prototype detects illegal substances, such as narcotics and explosives, at high accuracy.
Explosive detection system:
SAFEPOST has demonstrated a Raman spectroscopy screening device for detecting trace amounts of explosives and explosive precursors on the outside of postal items. The device is designed to be seamlessly integrated, at the same level as X-ray machines already used today, in the sorting process and detect the explosive threats at a high accuracy and at a low false alarm rate (≈ 1 %).
Image recognition system:
SAFEPOST has developed an Image Recognition solution that photographs five visible sides of a postal parcel at one or more locations in the postal network. The solution compares these images to detect signs of tampering or damage (≈ 92% detection rate). The current solution functions properly when the conveyor belt moves no faster than 0.5 m/s.
Radiological screening:
SAFEPOST has demonstrated detection of radiation in moving parcels, that can be fully integrated into the sorting process. The current version of the detector is able to detect any harmful level of radiation, and identify the radioactive isotope, and when possible to consider effects of possible attempts of hiding the radioactivity with lead or other shielding material by detecting neutron radiation.
Security standard and certificate:
SAFEPOST project is working towards a new European security standard for the postal operators that would give recommendations about use of security inspection technologies, exchange of security-related information, cyber security, and key security performance indicators. This standard would pave the road towards a voluntary security certification program that would help the postal operators to show their commitment to security.
This survey research is expected to produce interesting new insights about postal security activities and security performance among the PostEurop members. If the response rate is high, the survey findings will set a basis for pan-European benchmarking of security activities. The findings would also contribute to smart policy making, legislation, and standardisation in the field of postal security.
Finally, depending on the response rate, CBRA is going to publish an academic journal paper based on the results. Building on solid theory on supply chain security risk management, the journal paper would provide new empirical about how supply chain security implementation is associated operational and security performance. We expect that collaborative security measures improve both on-time delivery performance (a proxy for operational performance) and supply chain security performance simultaneously. Collaborative security measures include survey items such as "we coordinate security activities with our business customers" and "we exchange customs declaration information with customs authorities electronically [for example, ITMATT or CUSITM messages]". Another hypothesis is that, on the one hand, non-collaborative security contributes to supply chain security performance but decrease on-time delivery performance on the other hand. Examples of such non-collaborative measures include "we use tamper-evident mail bags to transport high-value postal items" and "We perform security controls also on non-airmail items to detect explosives." The figure below summarises the theory and hypotheses of the research paper.
Figure 1 Theoretical framework of the SAFEPOST survey paper
The survey findings will be presented in the final SAFEPOST meeting in Madrid 5-6 July 2016. After the meeting, we hope that we can expand the scope of the survey to cover the rest of the world, as well. The next step would be to contact representatives of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and coordinate distribution of the survey into the organisations' 192 member countries.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Blog-150616-1.jpg 314 471 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-15 18:47:422016-06-15 19:35:39New survey on European postal security
CASSANDRA compendium. Technologies for supply chain visibility and security (Ch. 8)
June 8, 2016 /0 Comments/in All transport modes, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Customs risks, Data quality, Data sharing, Deliverable, EU, Exporter, FP7, Freight forwarder, Global, Importer, IT, Manufacturer, Police, Retailer, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Satellites, Scanning, Screening, Shipper, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport carrier, Transport security agency, WP14, WP15, WP16, WP17, WP2, WP3, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: Chapter 8 of the CASSANDRA compendium reviews current and future technologies that help managers to improve visibility and security over global end-to-end supply chains. The supply chain visibility technologies, in essence, provide logistics managers with a variety of information – shipment data, performance metrics, inventory levels, production / delivery schedules and sales forecast, for example – in or close to real time. The chapter's review on supply chain security technologies focus mainly on security sensors (e.g., motion detectors), container seals, biometric user authentication devices (e.g., fingerprints), and non-intrusive inspection equipment (e.g., X-ray screening stations). The section also elaborates modern ways for sharing information among stakeholders that are concerned about security of the supply chain. The CASSANDRA compendium is available for download: www.cassandra-project.eu. Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA)
Full review: Chapter 8 includes some interesting details and insights about modern visibility and security technologies, many of which are relevant especially for CORE demonstrations but also for other work packages such as WP2 (SCS controls), WP7 (CORE Connectivity Infrastructure and Solutions Development Environment) and WP8 (CORE Ecosystem).
Many large logistics operators have developed own supply chain visibility systems to coordinate and organise logistics operations. A large logistics service provider, Kühne+Nagel uses its KN login visibility system that allows the company to optimise its complex global operations in terms of speed, time-certainty, security and cost-efficiency and many other relevant metrics. DHL, a German-based international express courier and logistics company, uses its LOGIS software for its operations. Previous EU projects have also developed visibility systems, for example Smart CM SICIS (Shared Intermodal Container Information System).
These visibility systems enable fast response to most operational contingencies that are about cause deviations from original plans. For instance, if a shipper got instant information about a stolen container, a new delivery could be quickly arranged and the consignee could be informed as soon as possible about the reshipment. Moreover, the visibility systems often interface ITC systems of other key stakeholders in the international supply chains. Customs, for example, receive advance cargo information (ACI) automatically from these systems.
The second part of the chapter 8 focuses exclusively on security technologies. The review starts with description of security sensors that are designed to detect tampering, unplanned detours, and other suspicious events in the supply chain. The modern sensor technologies sense at least changes in lighting, acceleration, location (geo-fencing functionality), motion and CO2 levels (used, e.g., to detect stowaways inside shipping containers). The chapter introduces modern user authentication technologies (e.g., fingerprints, face, retina, hand geometry and other unique biometric characteristics). Some information is provided regarding non-intrusive screening solutions that are often considered to be necessary for fast and secure screening operations. The rest of the chapter discusses various technical and institutional solutions for exchanging security-relevant information among supply chain operators and relevant government agencies. Especially interoperability of ICT systems seems to be crucial for effective security efforts in the global supply chains. The CASSANDRA compendium is available for download: www.cassandra-project.eu. Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA)
Hintsa, J. and Uronen, K. (Eds.) (2012), "Common assessment and analysis of risk in global supply chains ", Compendium of FP7-project CASSANDRA, Chapter 8
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-08 21:56:472016-06-09 11:26:54CASSANDRA compendium. Technologies for supply chain visibility and security (Ch. 8)
CASSANDRA compendium. Private sector perspectives on risk management (Ch. 5) and crime prevention and security management in supply chains (Ch. 6)
June 8, 2016 /0 Comments/in All transport modes, Authorized Economic Operator, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Corruption, Counter-terrorism, Counterfeiting, Customs, Customs risks, Cybercrime, Deliverable, Document forgery, Environmental crime, Exporter, FP7, Fraud, Freight forwarder, Global, Hijacking, Human trafficking, Identity theft, Importer, Manufacturer, Money laundry, Other-cluster, Police, Retailer, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Shipper, Supply chain security, Tax evasion, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport carrier, Transport security agency, Trusted Trader, Violence, Warehouse keeper, WP18, WP19, WP2, WP3, WP4 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: Chapters 5 & 6 of the CASSANDRA compendium provide a general overview on supply chain security risk management from the private sector perspective. Explaining the essentials of supply chain risk management, Chapter 5 introduces commonly used risk management models and tools (e.g., risk matrices and risk registers), discusses various classifications of supply chain risks, and elaborates current trends of risks and risk management in the supply chain context. Chapter 6 focuses on specific challenges of supply chain security risks – the risks that arise from intentional, man-made criminal activities such as terrorism, theft, trafficking, and sabotage. The chapter explains a few early classifications of supply chain security risks (e.g., motive-based typology and taxonomies based on private sector perspectives). Following the classifications of security risks, the chapter puts forth a few models for managing security risks in the supply chain context (e.g., the 8-layer model for supply chain security management). The chapter concludes with a detailed case study on security management of an international security company and a comparison of supply chain security management and the total quality management (TQM) management philosophy. The CASSANDRA compendium is available for download: www.cassandra-project.eu. Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA)
Full review: Previous observatory entries have already shown the relevance of the CASSANDRA compendium to the community of supply chain management professionals. The compendium's chapters 5 & 6 give a brief summary of risk management and security risk management in the context of international supply chains. The contents of the chapters are relevant and useful for people involved in FP7 CORE project, especially for those involved in work packages 3 (Multi-method Threat and Vulnerability Analysis Suite) and 4 (SC Situational Awareness Tools & Maps).
Chapter 5 elaborates a set of common supply chain risk management tools. The model of Waters (2007) summarises rather obvious three steps of the risk management process: identifying risks, analysing risks and responding to risks. The model proposes, for example, that managers can identify supply chain risks through analysis of past events, collection of opinions, and through operational analysis. The model also calls for managerial attention to prerequisites of successful risk management – mutual trust, cooperation and information exchange among relevant stakeholders involved in supply chain management – and highlights importance of continuous monitoring and controlling the risk management process. The chapter concludes with the four classic approaches to risk management: risk avoidance, risk reduction, risk transfer (e.g., insurance and contractual agreements), and acceptance. The classifications of supply chain risks include typologies focusing on risk sources (natural hazards operational failure and terrorism), risk consequences (e.g., risk to operations, risk to reputation and risk to profits), and objects of vulnerability (e.g., information, materials, personnel and financial flows).
The chapter on crime prevention and security management (Ch. 6) in supply chains provides a concise summary on supply chain security management from the private sector perspective. The chapter starts by describing some early classifications of supply chain security risks. A motive-based taxonomy classifies such risks into the three categories: economic crime (profit as motive), other crime types (ideological, emotional and other reasons as motive) and facilitating crime that covers activities that do not bring direct crime benefits but help committing other rewarding crime crimes later on. (e.g., document fraud, bribery and use of intimidation). The chapter's next section elaborates ways to mitigate security risks in the global supply chains, highlighting the key ideas of the so-called 8-layer model for supply chain security management (the model incorporates multiple aspects of risk assessment, hands-on design and planning, implementation of a variety of technologies, procedures, and incentives as well as preparation for dealing with the consequences of supply chain crime). The chapter provides also a case study with an international tobacco company that runs high security risk supply chain operations. The section also contrasts, rather interestingly, principles of security management against the fundaments of the total quality management (TQM) management philosophy. The chapter continues with a brief review of regulations (e.g., EU customs security and aviation security regulations) and standards on supply chain security management (World Customs Organization's SAFE framework of standards, and industry standards of the Transported Asset Protection Association).
Hintsa, J. and Uronen, K. (Eds.) (2012), "Common assessment and analysis of risk in global supply chains ", Compendium of FP7-project CASSANDRA, Chapters 5 & 6
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-08 21:12:162016-06-09 11:27:46CASSANDRA compendium. Private sector perspectives on risk management (Ch. 5) and crime prevention and security management in supply chains (Ch. 6)
First results from the WCO Cancun AEO benefit survey
June 8, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, All transport modes, Analytic, Authorized Economic Operator, Blog, CBRA, Customs, Exporter, Express courier, Freight forwarder, Global, Importer, Known Consignor, Mail operator, Manufacturer, Mutual Recognition Agreement, Other-cluster, Regulated Agent, Risk-cluster, Shipper, Supply chain security, Tax evasion, Trafficking, Transport carrier, Transport security agency, Trusted Trader, Uncategorized, Warehouse keeper, WCO, WCO, WP19 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
In today's CBRA Blog we provide a sneak preview of the outcomes of the AEO Benefit survey carried out by CBRA research team at the 3rd Global WCO AEO Conference, in Cancun, Mexico, 11-13 May 2016.
We keep today's Blog very simple. First, we would like to introduce a new test-categorization of Customs granted AEO benefits, with the following five groups:
More streamlined / simplified Customs (and related) procedures
Less frequent interventions by the Customs administration
Increased priority over non-AEO companies ("getting to the front of the queue")
Increased (positive) attention by the Customs administration
Increased number of other privileges granted by the customs administration
And second, we list the AEO benefits from our survey (only question 2 in the survey form, which focuses explicitly on Customs granted benefits to the supply chain companies, and not benefits for Customs themselves, or any kind of "side benefits" for the companies) under each of the five categories. The order of the benefits per category is based on the survey outcomes, i.e. the first bullet point benefit was the most common one in the survey, followed by the second bullet and so forth. Please note that there are no ranking indications between the five groups, neither when it comes to the groups per se, nor to the individual benefits – these will be included in our academic publications, bit later this year…
Group 1. More streamlined / simplified Customs (and related) procedures
Enjoying increased paperless processing of import/export shipments
Enjoying an access to / pre-qualification with various simplified customs procedures
Enjoying having a reduced number of data elements in the (final) declaration
Enjoying having entry/exit summary declarations with reduced data sets
Enjoying easier access to other governmental certification in the supply chain (e.g. in aviation security)
Group 2. Less frequent interventions by the Customs administration
Enjoying minimum number of cargo security inspections
Enjoying the option of audit-based / account-based controls (versus only transaction-based controls)
Enjoying access to self-audit or reduced audit programs
Group 3. Increased priority over non-AEO companies ("getting to the front of the queue")
Enjoying priority use of non-intrusive inspection techniques when examination is required
Enjoying a priority status in Customs processing during a period of elevated threat conditions
Enjoying priority response to requests for ruling from Customs
Enjoying expedited processes to resolve post-entry or post-clearance inquiries
Enjoying priority treatment of consignments if selected for control
Enjoying preferential treatment at border crossings in post-disaster/post-attack situations
Enjoying a priority status in exporting to affected countries after a security incident
Group 4. Increased (positive) attention by the Customs administration
Privilege to deal with designated Customs contact points / assistance by Customs supply chain security experts
Privilege to receive training provided by Customs experts
Privilege to be notified of the intention to release goods prior to their arrival ("pre-clearance")
Enjoying special treatment in some non-criminal legal cases
Privilege to exploit "extended Customs office opening hours", during high peak / congestion times
Group 5. Increased number of other privileges granted by the Customs administration
Enjoying from tax privileges, such as speedier tax refunds and compensation
Enjoying the option to manage clearance formalities, inspections etc. at the business site
Enjoying from financial guarantee waivers, reductions or rebates
Privilege to self-manage the bonded warehouses
Enjoying tangible benefits due to mutual recognition agreements / arrangements (MRAs) with 3rd countries
Privilege to choose the place of controls (if selected for control)
Enjoying reductions on some Customs fees or charges
Privilege to conduct self-assessments when Customs automated systems are not functioning
And that's about it! Please be reminded again that this CBRA Blog is just a first scratch on the surface to start publishing results from the WCO Cancun 2016 AEO conference… And by the way, we are also working to publish the results from the WCO Madrid 2014 AEO conference, as we have been waiting to publish the full results of the both conferences in a parallel manner / in a same paper. In the meanwhile, please email us any feedback, ideas and/or criticism regarding this Blog!
In Lausanne, 8 June 2016, CBRA Blog Dr. Juha Hintsa
PS. Our earlier Blog with all the WCO Cancun 2016 AEO survey questions can be read at: https://www.cross-border.org/2016/05/08/aeo-benefits-or-no-benefits-thats-the/
PPS. Related literature by the Cross-border Research Association team and key partners:
Most of these papers are available for download at ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Juha_Hintsa/publications . And all of them can be naturally requested by email ( cbra@cross-border.org )
Hintsa, J., Mohanty, S., Rudzitis, N., Fossen, C. and Heijmann, F. (2014), "The role and value of customs administrations in minimization of socio-economic negative impacts related to illicit import flows in freight logistics systems- three preliminary cases in Europe – FP7-CORE", Proceedings of the 9th WCO PICARD Conference, September 17-19, 2014, Puebla.
Hintsa, J. (2013), AEO – MRA Study for RTC- Thailand Europe Cooperation TEC-II, PDSC: Implementation of international standards on Supply Chain Security leading to a secure Trade Environment and to increased Trade Facilitation (Activity Code : TRA 4), Final Report, Bangkok.
Urciuoli, L. and Ekwall, D. (2012), "Possible impacts of supply chain security certifications on efficiency – a survey study about the possible impacts of AEO security certifications on supply chain efficiency", Proceedings of Nofoma Conference, June 6-8, 2012, Naantali.
Hintsa, J., Männistö, T., Hameri, A.P., Thibedeau, C., Sahlstedt, J., Tsikolenko, V., Finger, M. and Granqvist, M. (2011), Customs Risk Management (CRiM): A Survey of 24 WCO Member Administrations, Study for World Customs Organization (WCO), February 28, 2011, Lausanne
Hintsa, J., Hameri, A.P., Männistö, T., Lazarescu, M., Ahokas, J. and Holmström, J. (2010), "Conceptual model for measuring benefits of security in global supply chains", Proceedings of the the 3rd International Conference on Transportation and Logistics (T-LOG), September 6-8, 2010, Fukuoka City.
Hintsa, J., Ahokas, J., Männistö, T. and Sahlstedt, J. (2010), "CEN supply chain security (SCS) feasibility study", CEN/TC 379 Supply Chain Security, Final report, January 15, 2010
Gutiérrez, X., Hintsa, J., Wieser, P. and Hameri, A.P. (2007), "Voluntary supply chain security program impacts: an empirical study with BASC member companies", World Customs Journal, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp.31-48.
Gutierrez, X. and Hintsa, J. (2006), "Voluntary supply chain security programs: a systematic comparison", Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems, Logistics and Supply Chain (ILS), May 15-17, 2006, Lyon.
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MARITIME SECURITY – Vessel Tracking Systems Provide Key Information, but the Need for Duplicate Data Should Be Reviewed, GAO, March 2009 (CORE1065)
May 26, 2016 /0 Comments/in Analytic, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Counterfeiting, Customs, Customs risks, Demo-cluster, GAO, Government, IT, Risk management, Satellites, Supply chain security, Tax evasion, Terrorism/destruction, Tracking, Trafficking, USA, WP14, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: The US government considers identification and tracking of vessels at the US coastal areas, inland waterways and ports important for protecting the US homeland and economy from maritime terrorism. The US coastal guards use a range of identification and tracking solutions to detect any anomalies in maritime traffic that might suggest terrorist activity, such as transportation of weapons of mass destruction, use of explosive-laden boats as weapons, smuggling of weapons, drugs, people or other contraband. This GAO report reviews the US Coast Guards' current and future solutions for monitoring the maritime traffic: long-range identification and tracking system (LRIT), long-range automatic identification system (AIS) and various radar and camera systems. The report elaborates strengths and weaknesses of these identification and tracking solutions and proposes a roadmap for further strengthening of the US coastal security. The future advancements should pay particular attention to tracking of small and non-commercial vessels and to reconsider ways to collect and analyze data that is relevant for coastal surveillance. Offering background information about vessel-level tracking and tracing of maritime cargo movements, the report is a relevant source document for those CORE demonstrations that involve shipping of containers from, through and into the US. The report is available for download at: www.gao.gov/new.items/d09337.pdf.
Full review: CORE demonstrations of WP9 and WP14 benefit from the background information this GAO document offers on identification and tracking of vessels because these two demos involve US seaports and shipping at the US territorial waters. Also the CORE's risk and IT clusters might find the information of this GAO document useful. The information that the identification and tracking provide allow the coastal guards to assess risk-levels of individual vessel movements and decide when it is reasonable to intervene and check anomalies. The vessel tracking and identification involves also a great deal of IT integration because it currently involves many technical components and synthetizes data collected from many different sources.
Maritime Security: Information Sharing Efforts Are Improving. GAO-06-933T. Washington, D.C.: July 10, 2006.
Maritime Security: Public Safety Consequences of a Terrorist Attack on a Tanker Carrying Liquefied Natural Gas Need Clarification. GAO-07-316. Washington, D.C.: February 22, 2007.
Maritime Security: Coast Guard Inspections Identify and Correct Facility Deficiencies, but More Analysis Needed of Program's Staffing, Practices, and Data. GAO-08-12. Washington, D.C.: February 14, 2008.
Additional keywords: Maritime security, long-range identification and tracking system (LRIT), long-range automatic identification system (AIS), track & trace
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-05-26 18:19:212016-05-26 18:39:51MARITIME SECURITY - Vessel Tracking Systems Provide Key Information, but the Need for Duplicate Data Should Be Reviewed, GAO, March 2009 (CORE1065)
AEO benefits, or, no benefits, that's the?
May 8, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, All transport modes, Analytic, Authorized Economic Operator, Blog, CBRA, Customs, Exporter, Express courier, Freight forwarder, Global, Importer, ISO28000, Known Consignor, Mail operator, Manufacturer, Mutual Recognition Agreement, Other-cluster, Regulated Agent, Retailer, Risk-cluster, Scientific, Shipper, Supply chain security, TAPA, Tax evasion, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport carrier, Trusted Trader, Warehouse keeper, WCO, WCO, WP19 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
"To be, or not be – that is the question", was Prince Hamlet wondering already some 412 years ago. 400 years later, the CBRA research team started to raise the question of "AEO benefits, or no AEO benefits – that is the ?"…
Around year 2004, we first started to study the emerging AEO-types of programs in Europe and globally, working intensively with multinational companies (clothing, cigarettes, machinery etc.), and with multiple governments. Initially, we reviewed any data available from C-TPAT, StairSec, BASC and TAPA programs, and later we concentrated on EU AEO and all other AEO programs across the globe. After 12 years of research our intention is to publish an academic journal paper summarizing all the knowledge from the literature as well as from our own research on AEO benefits for Customs administrations and for supply chain companies – focusing on the tangible, realized benefits, instead of "paper tiger / lip service" types of benefit checklists.
As the last step of data collection, we are now launching the study: "Customs Supply Chain Security Programs (AEO, C-TPAT etc.) – Survey on Supply Chain and Government Benefits – WCO 3rd Global AEO Conference, Cancun, Mexico, 11-13 May 2016 – Research project by CBRA, ZLC, UCR, HEC UNIL and FP7-CORE". This survey is a direct follow-up with the one CBRA did in the 2nd Global AEO Conference in Madrid two years ago. Ms. Susana Wong Chan from the University of Costa Rica and Cross-border Research Association is presenting the survey in Cancun next week, and collecting as many replies as possible, in person during the conference (and by email after).
We have three main questions in the Cancun AEO survey, each one with multiple sub-questions (all questions are presented with a five-point Likert scale, plus one option for "cannot say"):
Question for Customs administrations, supply chain companies, and all other experts in cross-border supply chains and Customs supply chain security programs: How often are the supply chain security program certified companies in your country benefiting from the following Customs granted incentives?
Question for Customs administrations only: What are the benefits for the Customs administration in your country arising from the supply chain security program?
Question for supply chain companies only: What are the additional benefits for the supply chain companies in your country, arising from the supply chain security program participations / certifications?
The full list of questions and sub-questions is shared at the end of this blog. In addition, you can download the questionnaire in word-format, in English and in Spanish, at: https://www.cross-border.org/downloads/
Why don't (near) perfect AEO benefit -papers exist yet in the literature? One would think that the topic attracts lots of academics to carry out such research, and to publish their exciting findings, rather sooner than later… Well, it is quite challenging topic to study: where is the objective, non-biased data located, and how do you get access to it? How to deal with all the politics linked to the topic, as maybe many countries would like to be perceived as "leading edge AEO program holders, with a set of fantastic, innovative benefits delivered to the trade and logistics…"? How to differentiate between all the AEO marketing materials and incentive promises from what is actually implemented on the ground, for the real benefit of supply chain companies; and so forth..? To expand on these thoughts, one could revisit our article on the WCO News No 74 of June 2014. The table on page 45 includes a row on challenges and peculiarities with different categories of possible AEO benefits, sharing following observations and notes:
As some of the Customs granted benefits existed in many countries before the AEO era, companies which have enjoyed "such pre-AEO benefits" may fear a potential reduction in existing trade facilitation measures – instead of the introduction of truly new benefits.
Due to the dynamics in the cross-border flow of goods, outcomes might vary considerably over time – 'seeing is believing'; in particular, the benefits linked to 'elevated threat' and 'post-incident recovery', may appear quite theoretical until such situations actually emerge (and the benefits materialize – or, not).
Some could also consider that the AEO system may become a technical trade barrier – the ´become an AEO or die´ scenario.
Some might think that an AEO program deters crime, as criminals would rather choose an easy target (i.e. a non-AEO target), for example in the case of warehouse theft; and, alternatively, other might think that an AEO program attracts criminals, as they know there are likely to be fewer Customs interventions – the smuggling of narcotics, for example.
Dear CBRA Blog reader: although this is very challenging research topic, and one should not dream of reaching "one ultimate truth out there" – we kindly ask that if you are in Cancun 11-13 May for the 3rd Global AEO Conference, please take 10 minutes to reply the questionnaire..! Next to the good vibrations gained from participation in this highly important study, you will join a lucky drawing of a nice Costa Rican souvenir! In Lausanne, 9 May 2016, Juha Hintsa.
PS. List of benefit survey questions, for the CBRA Blog readers:
Customs Supply Chain Security Programs (AEO, C-TPAT etc.) – Survey on Supply Chain and Government Benefits – WCO 3rd Global AEO Conference, Cancun, Mexico, 11-13 May 2016 – Research project by CBRA, ZLC, UCR, HEC UNIL and FP7-CORE
Question for Customs administrations, supply chain companies, and all other experts in cross-border supply chains and Customs supply chain security programs: How often are the supply chain security program (AEO, C-TPAT etc.) certified companies in your country benefiting from the following Customs granted incentives?
Use the following scale: Very frequently – Frequently – Occasionally – Rarely – Never / Not applicable in our country (or, this is nothing specific for certified companies) – Cannot say
Are companies submitting entry/exit summary declarations with reduced data sets?
Are companies benefiting from reduced number of data elements in their final declaration?
Are companies benefiting from increased paperless processing of import/export shipments?
Are companies offered the option of audit-based / account-based controls (versus only transaction-based controls)?
Are companies having access to / pre-qualification with various simplified customs procedures?
Are companies self-managing their bonded warehouses?
Are companies benefiting from tax privileges, such as speedier tax refunds and compensation?
Are companies benefiting from financial guarantee waivers, reductions or rebates?
Are companies benefiting from reduction of any Customs fees or charges?
Are companies benefiting from access to self-audit or reduced audit programs?
Are companies allowed to conduct self-assessments when Customs automated systems are not functioning?
Are companies benefiting from designated Customs contact points / assistance by Customs supply chain security experts?
Are companies benefiting from training provided by Customs experts?
Are companies enjoying easier access to other governmental certification in the supply chain, e.g. in aviation security?
Are companies benefiting from the option to manage clearance formalities, inspections etc. at the business site?
Are companies benefiting from a minimum number of cargo security inspections?
Are companies being notified of the intention to release goods prior to their arrival? ("pre-clearance")
Are companies benefiting from "extended Customs office opening hours", during high peak / congestion times?
Are companies benefiting from choice of place of controls, if selected for control?
Are companies benefiting from priority treatment of consignments if selected for control?
Are companies benefiting from priority use of non-intrusive inspection techniques when examination is required?
Are companies guaranteed a priority Customs processing during a period of elevated threat conditions?
Are companies guaranteed preferential treatment at border crossings in post-disaster/post-attack situations?
Are companies guaranteed a priority in exporting to affected countries after a security incident?
Are companies benefiting from expedited processes to resolve post-entry or post-clearance inquiries?
Are companies benefiting from priority response to requests for ruling from Customs?
Are companies benefiting from privileges in any kind of non-criminal legal cases?
Are companies enjoying tangible benefits due to mutual recognition agreements / arrangements (MRAs) with 3rd countries?
Question for Customs administrations only: What are the benefits for the Customs administration in your country arising from the supply chain security program (AEO, C-TPAT etc.)?
Use the following scale: Strongly Agree – Agree – Neither Agree nor Disagree – Disagree – Strongly Disagree – Cannot say
Better overall allocation of governmental resources
Improved indirect tax revenue collection
Improved prevention of trafficking and illicit trade
Improved detection and/or seizures in trafficking and illicit trade
Improved prosecution to judgements -ratio (= higher percentage of successful prosecutions)
Increased confiscations of criminal assets and/or proceeds of crime
Improved collaboration with supply chain companies
Improved collaboration with other national government agencies
Improved international collaboration with Customs administrations in other countries
Question for supply chain companies only: What are the additional benefits for the supply chain companies in your country, arising from the supply chain security program participations / certifications (AEO, C-TPAT etc.)?
Improved customs loyalty
Increased market share/ gaining more new customers
Improved security commitment of employees
Improved company image and credibility
Reduced overall vulnerability of the supply chain
Improved supply chain resiliency
Reduced cargo theft incidents
Reduced tax fraud incidents
Reduced illicit trade / trafficking incidents
Reduced insurance fees
Improved inventory management
Fewer delayed cross-border shipments
Reduced lead time variability in the cross-border supply chain
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Review of the TIR Convention and its accompanying Security and Risk Management electronic tools, 2013 (CORE1040)
April 27, 2016 /0 Comments/in CBRA, Compliance management, CORE-Observatory, Customs, Customs risks, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, EC, EU, Freight forwarder, Global, IRU, IRU, IT-cluster, Manufacturer, Mutual Recognition Agreement, NGO, Other-cluster, Road, Shipper, Supply chain security, Tax evasion, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport carrier, WP19 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: The Customs Convention on the International Transport of Goods under Cover of TIR Carnets (TIR Convention, 1975) constitutes the international legal framework for the TIR system. TIR is the only universal Customs transit system, today operational in 58 countries, that allows the goods to transit from a country of origin to a country of destination in sealed load compartments with Customs control recognition along the supply chain. This minimizes administrative and financial burdens, while Customs duties and taxes that may become due are covered by an international guarantee (covering more than USD 1 billion worth of international trade every day). In order to ensure the security of the TIR System, electronic controls run in parallel with the security elements already specified in the TIR Convention. TIR handbook can be found at: http://www.unece.org
Full review: The TIR system is an international Customs transit system for goods. 'TIR' stands for Transports Internationaux Routiers (International Road Transport) and is an international harmonized system of Customs control that facilitates trade and transport whilst effectively protecting the revenue of each Country through which goods are carried. It is based on six essential principles and an electronic security and risk management control system composed of four tools:
Secure vehicles or containers: Goods are carried in sealed vehicles or containers which are approved for use by Customs and re-approved every two years.
International chain of guarantee: Duties and taxes due in case of irregularity are secured by an international guarantee chain throughout the journey.
TIR Carnet: The goods are accompanied by the TIR Carnet: a harmonized control document accepted by the Customs authorities of the countries of departure, transit and destination.
Mutual recognition of Customs controls: Control measures taken in the country of departure are accepted by countries of transit and destination.
Controlled access: Access to the TIR system for national issuing and guaranteeing Associations is given by the competent national authorities, and for transport operators, by the national Customs authorities and the national Association.
SafeTIR: An electronic control system for TIR Carnets that provides traceability and risk management, as described in Annex 10 to the TIR Convention.
Real-Time SafeTIR (RTS) allows customs officers to enhance their risk management procedures and comprises following three modules:
SafeTIR data transmission module: Once a TIR operation is terminated, RTS automatically sends a SafeTIR message to the IRU.
TCHQ: TIR Carnet Query Module allows any customs office to obtain immediate information on the status of the Carnet for the prompt detection of any possible irregularities.
SafeTIR Reconciliation Automation module: automates the SafeTIR data reconciliation procedure.
TIR Customs Portal is an online service developed by the IRU, which allows customs officers to:
obtain immediate information on the status of the TIR Carnet for the prompt detection of any possible irregularities; and
transmit SafeTIR data on the termination of the TIR operation.
ASKTIRweb makes it easier for TIR associations to manage the entire life-cycle of the TIR Carnets from the time of order and delivery from IRU until their return to the IRU and the subsequent administrative procedures such as claims and SafeTIR. ASKTIRweb is a mandatory TIR Carnet management system for all new TIR associations.
The TIR-EPD application is intended for submission of advance information on transported goods to Customs Authorities. Fully compliant with WCO SAFE Framework of Standards and with the national regulations of connected countries, TIR-EPD enables Customs Authorities to perform advance risk analysis. TIR Carnet Holders can send advance information free-of-charge simultaneously to the Customs Authorities of the countries according to their itineraries.
In order to ensure the security of the TIR System, electronic controls run in parallel with the security elements already specified in the TIR Convention.
The perceived strengths of the TIR-system include: Access to 58 TIR operational countries; Management of a low cost, high value guarantee; Intermodality; Security in the supply chain; Reduced delays and costs for the international transit of goods; and Trade facilitation – goods move across international borders with minimum interference. Future opportunities include: Increased trust with national Customs; Encouragement of international trade; and Economic benefits for supply chain actors and nations.
Detailed analysis and relevance for CORE:
Research and analysis: The TIR system is based on proven business-to-governments solutions and both CORE and the TIR system could benefit from an investigation and evaluation of the legal, technical and operational feasibility as well as the business benefits of integrating TIR data to the CORE ecosystem and CORE concepts and solutions such as "trusted trade lane", "data pipeline", "piggy-backing" for customs and "dashboards".
Demonstrators: The use of TIR and its security and risk management electronic tools in the framework of CORE demonstrators can have four different types of advantages which meet CORE's overarching objectives to optimize the security of global supply chain whilst maintaining or improving business performance:
Compliance with customs requirements: customs duties attached to the goods guaranteed by the TIR guarantee chain.
Security of exchanges: transmission of safety and security data, in accordance with e.g. EU Customs legislation, to national customs before the arrival of the goods at borders.
Facilitation of international trade: mutual recognition of customs controls for all TIR countries and reduction of customs formalities at borders.
Visibility of data: use of TIR security and risk management electronic tools to check the status of TIR operations in real-time.
CORE Impact anticipation: CORE can have an important impact on the TIR system by reinforcing its place as a global multimodal logistics and trade solution. The investigation and evaluation of the legal, technical and operational feasibility as well as the business benefits of using the existing features of the TIR system within the CORE ecosystem and opening cargo-related datasets can contribute to improving freight and logistics services provision and operations by shippers, LSPs, transport operators, ports and customs authorities. The efficiency and security upgrades will come by significantly reducing waiting times and administrative burden at borders and at the same time providing a more cost efficient way of improved supply chain visibility and traceability of cargo to the benefit of all private and public stakeholders.
Application of the TIR Convention in the EU: Council Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92; Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 and Regulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council applicable as of 1 May 2016.
Youtube video on TIR: https://www.youtube.com
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-04-27 19:11:592016-04-27 19:11:59Review of the TIR Convention and its accompanying Security and Risk Management electronic tools, 2013 (CORE1040)


Description: This is the first of two sessions on how to do proofs. See also Dr Feinstein's blog at http://explainingmaths.wordpress.com/ The aim of these sessions on how we do proofs is to help students with some of the relatively routine aspects of doing proofs. In particular, we focus on how to start proofs, and how and when to use definitions and known results. With practice, students should become fluent in these routine aspects of writing proofs, and this will allow them to focus instead on the more creative and interesting aspects of constructing proofs. Part I is suitable for anyone with a knowledge of elementary algebra (including odd numbers, multiples of eight and the binomial theorem for expanding powers of (a+b)), and functions from the set of real numbers to itself (odd functions, even functions, multiplication and composition of functions).


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Tang-i Dahona – wąwóz w Dolinie Jagnob w Tadżykistanie, dzielący ją na dwie części (górną i dolną). Administracyjnie leży w wilajecie sogdyjskim w dystrykcie Ajni. Przez wąwóz przepływa rzeka Jagnob. Przechodzi przez niego również ścieżka, pozwalająca dotrzeć do górnej części doliny.

W 2007 roku wyprawa pod wodzą prof. Antonio Panaino z Uniwersytetu Bolońskiego odkryła w wąwozie petroglify. Znajdują się one na wysokości 2460 m n.p.m.

Przypisy

Geografia Tadżykistanu


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A Brief Worry Reappraisal Paradigm (REAP) Increases Coping with Worries | mijn-bsl Skip to main content
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06-11-2019 | Original Article
A Brief Worry Reappraisal Paradigm (REAP) Increases Coping with Worries
Auteurs: Nehjla M. Mashal, Sherry A. Beaudreau, Michael A. Hernandez, Rachel Cackler Duller, Holly Romaniak, Ki Eun Shin, Ken A. Paller, Richard E. Zinbarg
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 1/2020
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The current study examined a novel computerized cognitive reappraisal paradigm (REAP) for worry management in college-aged adults with a range of PSWQ scores (n = 98). Participants listed three current worries and were randomized to either REAP or a worry condition. For the REAP condition, participants selected positive reappraisal statements of their worries over negative ones. Before and after completing the reappraisal or worry task, participants discussed each worry. Participants rated their worries on coping ability, distress, and probability the worry would materialize. Relative to worry, the REAP group rated an increase in ability to cope with their worries whereas the results failed to provide evidence for a similar increase among the worry group. If similar findings emerge in clinical populations, REAP may eventually serve as a useful tool in augmenting cognitive behavioral therapy protocols.
vorige artikel Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Body Image and Self-Care (CBT-BISC) Among Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV: Skills-Based Treatment Mediators
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Metagegevens
Nehjla M. Mashal
Sherry A. Beaudreau
Michael A. Hernandez
Rachel Cackler Duller
Holly Romaniak
Ki Eun Shin
Ken A. Paller
Richard E. Zinbarg
Springer US
Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 1/2020
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
Andere artikelen Uitgave 1/2020
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The Role of Fear of Fatness and Avoidance of Fatness in Predicting Eating Restraint
A Network Approach to Understanding the Emotion Regulation Benefits of Aerobic Exercise
Perfectionism in Intensive Residential Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
A Pilot Study of Smartphone-Based Memory Bias Modification and Its Effect on Memory Bias and Depressive symptoms in an Unselected Population
The Relationship Between Negative Self-imagery and Social Anxiety in a Clinically Diagnosed Sample
The Association of Trait Mindfulness and Self-compassion with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms: Results from a Large Survey with Treatment-Seeking Adults
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum - Uitgeverij voor de gezondheidszorg
© Bohn Stafleu van Loghum


I stood in the middle of my kitchen, hands clenched, jaw clenched tighter. I squeezed my eyes shut and tilted my face to the ceiling. I didn't need my eyes to see what I was looking for.
I stood that way, something spilled on the floor, glitter all over, and dinner burning on the stove. I did the only thing left, the only thing that mattered.
This was not a curse or a quiet whisper. This was a cry from that place deep inside me that needed more than I could muster to get through all that was happening around me. His name rang loud and long, the vowels dragging on with a hidden question mark at the end.
I needed help. I was so frustrated, so beyond myself and my ability to reign things in. I stood there, kids staring up at me as I cried out.
Some say you should not yell in front of your kids. Maybe that's true.
Some say I should have gone in another room and sought the Lord. Maybe that's true, too.
But in real life, things get hard. And when things are hard I want my kids to see that you can call out to Jesus. (tweet that) You can cry out messy and loud or completely unspoken. You can cry out gentle and full of hope or you can writhe and call out twisty and dark. Because the truth we forget is that He comes.
Before you think I entertain crazy ideas of Jesus fixing everything around me, calling out to Jesus had nothing to do with my circumstances and everything to do with me.
And the milk was still dripping off the table.
Jesus didn't clean up the glitter, but He did come and fill me up. He brought a resolve that I could get through this. I could clean up the mess around me and it wouldn't break me. I could figure out something to feed my family and I wouldn't need to take 3 kids out again. I could handle hard things because He handled them with me.
Maybe you're not facing glitter and burnt dinner. Maybe you're in the middle of something at work where everything seems to be going wrong. Maybe you are lonely and tired of walking through the hard things without a hand to hold. Maybe you are uncertain of what to do next in your life and you feel like you're spinning at a crossroads.
No matter where you are, the answer is Jesus.
Take a moment, close your eyes and cry out to Him. Maybe you can't yell his name like I did, but you can cry out in your heart. You don't even need words.
His name is enough. His presence is enough. He is enough.
When we invite Him into the mess and give Him permission to reside there with us in all the frustrated, angry, confused, loneliness, He shows up.
He shows up in ways we never knew we needed.
He shows up full of grace.
And when He is there, we can get through those hard things. We can get beyond ourselves and our emotions to a place where we see differently. We can drop our shoulders, open our eyes, and exhale.
That day in my kitchen was not a 'one and done' crying out. I may have cleaned up the mess and figured out dinner, but there were more messes on the horizon. The horizon has a way of doing that, going on and on with things we can't possibly see from here. No matter what we face or how we face it, we don't have to do it alone.
When we call on the name of Jesus, He comes.


Award recognises outstanding leadership, pioneering research and contribution to higher education.
Cass Business School has presented Professor Paul Embrechts with the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa) at a graduation ceremony at the Barbican.
The award was given in recognition of his outstanding leadership, pioneering research in the field of actuarial mathematics and quantitative risk management and his contribution to higher education.
Professor Embrechts is Professor of Mathematics at the ETH Zurich, specialising in Actuarial Mathematics and Quantitative Risk Management. As the Director of RiskLab at ETH Zurich, an interdisciplinary research centre, he leads a team focusing on cutting-edge research on statistical modelling and quantitative risk management in insurance and finance.
Born in Antwerp, the son of a policeman, Paul was the first in his family to go to university. He credits his school maths teacher, Omer Wyenberg, with fostering his early passion in mathematics and setting him on the path to academic success.
After school, Paul read Mathematics at the University of Antwerp, specialising in probability theory and actuarial mathematics. After the award of his PhD in 1979, at the University of Leuven, he headed to Westfield College, which was then part of the University of London. It was the start of a varied and rewarding international academic career which has included positions at leading research institutions including the Universities of Leuven, Limburg and Imperial College London.
Today he is recognised as a leader in the field of mathematical actuarial research and throughout his career has built a strong global network of colleagues and collaborators across academic institutions and industry. He has published over 200 scientific publications to date and has co-authored seminal books such as Modelling of Extremal Events for Insurance and Finance and Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools.
Paul has held numerous visiting professorships at international universities including the Scuola Normale in Pisa, the London School of Economics, the University of Oxford and Hong Kong University. He is an elected Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the American Statistical Association, Honorary Fellow of the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, UK, and Institut des actuaires, France and Member Honoris Causa of the Belgian Institute of Actuaries.
"Those nominated for our honorary doctorates have achieved high professional or academic distinction in their fields and are considered outstanding role models for our students. Today, we are delighted to confer the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science on Paul Embrechts.


The storefront window of a Burbank flower shop was shattered Tuesday after a mini-van reportedly rammed into the building.
Just before 2 p.m., police responded to reports of the crash at Alameda Avenue and Glenoaks Boulevard, said Burbank Police Sgt. Darin Ryburn.
No information on injuries to passengers of the van or occupants of the building was immediately available.
[Updated 5:10 p.m.: The driver was a 23-year-old Los Angeles man who worked at the shop, Glenoaks Flowers and Gifts, police said.
Officers believe he accidentally hit the gas pedal instead of the brakes, said Burbank Police Lt. Matthew Ferguson.


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World Language Instruction in Spartanburg District 7
Spartanburg District 7 offers the opportunity to all students to participate in the study of one or more world languages. The program is both comprehensive in that it involves all of our schools and specialized in that each school can choose certain language paths that benefit its students.
Overall, the District offers instruction in Chinese, French, German, Latin, and Spanish. German and Latin are available for high school students with a potential four years of study in either language. Instruction in Chinese, French, and Spanish can begin as early as the kindergarten year. Several elementary schools offer a language rotation program in the primary grades, allowing young students to experience two or three languages in a year. Typically, then students choose a language for more concentrated study in grades four and five.
At the middle school level, students may continue a language emphasis from elementary school (A stream), or they may choose to begin a new language (B stream). Either path provides the opportunity for students to earn high school credit beginning in the eighth grade. Middle school classes meet every day as a scheduled period, so students are able to progress in their language acquisition and proficiency.
The four years at Spartanburg High School provide new or ongoing world language paths in all five languages that are offered, and those students who have specialized in a particular area may take Advanced Placement language classes. Opportunities abound for cultural study and extracurricular activities.
The District is proud to employ 27 world language teachers, including two exchange teachers from China. The world language staff members meet students' needs from grades kindergarten through twelve in the areas of language study, cultural appreciation, conversational skills, and the importance of world communication.