text:
The WNBA and Complications That Arise in Domestic Abuse Cases
Ned Dishman/Getty Images
Domestic abuse accusations can be tough to handle in the 24-hour news cycle or sports season. The WNBA is no exception, as the cases of Riquna Williams and Natasha Howard have showed us.
By Michael McCann
Allegations of domestic violence against athletes are often difficult matters for professional sports leagues to address. This is in part due to the frequently disturbing aspects of those allegations, the difficulty in assessing the truthfulness of the underlying claims and the deliberate pace of a criminal justice system that seldom comports to a 24-hour news cycle or sports season.
The WNBA is no exception.
Two WNBA players, Los Angeles Sparks guard Riquna Williams and Seattle Storm forward Natasha Howard, find themselves accused of domestic violence acts. Both are still playing games for their respective teams. Neither the WNBA nor the players' teams have imposed discipline. At least not yet.
Factual accusations against Riquna Williams
The Williams situation is much further along than that of Howard.
Williams, 29, faces two felony charges in Florida stemming from an incident last December with her ex-girlfriend, Alkeria Davis. The incident took place on Thursday, Dec. 6, at approximately 5:50 p.m. It was at that time when an officer from the Palm Beach Sheriff's Office was dispatched to a residence in Pahokee—Williams's hometown—to investigate a report of a domestic violence act. Sports Illustrated has obtained a copy of the probable cause affidavit in connection with this incident.
According to the officer's account, there were three victims: Davis, Antonio Wilson and Wilson's 10-year-old son. Davis and Wilson claim they were in the residence when Williams arrived at about 5 p.m. After she entered the property, Williams allegedly bashed a car belonging to Davis with a skateboard. She then "attempted to make entry via hitting the outside door with the skateboard."
While allegedly trying to force herself inside, Williams was heard yelling at Davis to "come outside and face her." Davis, who says she dated Williams on-and-off for five years and had broken up with Williams only a month earlier, then opened the door. Williams quickly "snatched" the slightly open door wide open. She is then accused of forcing her way inside with the goal of attacking Davis.
Once inside the residence, Williams, according to the police report, struck Davis several times in the head with a closed fist. She then pulled out her hair.
Wilson, meanwhile, tried to break up the altercation, as did his 10-year-old son. After several minutes of trying to separate Williams from Davis, those efforts prevailed. By that point, though, Davis had suffered injuries to her head and scalp.
Williams then left the residence and went to her car, a Chevrolet Camaro. From the car Williams pulled out an unspecified "black firearm" and placed it on the trunk so that it was pointed at Wilson. She then put her hand on the gun and told him that "you'll get all 18", an ominous reference to the number of bullets in the gun's magazine. Williams then drove off.
Leon Bennett/Getty Images
Williams pleads not guilty felony charges
On January 22, 2019, Palm Beach County State Attorney David Aronberg filed an information and indictment sheet for Williams. She faces one count of burglary with assault or battery, and one count of aggravated assault with a firearm.
These are serious felony charges.
Burglary with assault or battery is considered a first-degree felony under Florida law and carries a maximum sentence of life in prison. It refers to entering another person's residence with the intent to commit a crime and then committing assault or battery. Here, Williams is accused of unlawfully entering a residence that was not her own—according to the police, the residence is a "property of Wilson and/or Davis"—with the intent to commit an offense. After entering the property, Williams is believed to have brutally attacked Davis.
The second charge, aggravated assault with a firearm, is not as grave but it is still a felony. It generally refers to the fear caused when brandishing a weapon and pointing it at someone. Here, Williams is accused of threatening violence by pulling out a gun and threatening to fire all 18 bullets (which she implied were in the gun's magazine) at Wilson and others on the property. Prosecutors contend that Williams "created a well-founded fear" in Wilson and his son that "such violence was imminent." Aggravated assault with a firearm is a third-degree felony under Florida law and carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison.
On April 30, Williams was arrested and booked in Palm Beach County. She posted bond and was released. On May 6, Williams entered a not guilty plea to both charges. The next hearing date is scheduled for August 16. According to court records, the presiding judge is Judge Daliah Weiss, who previously served as chief of the family violence unit at the state attorney's office. Williams is represented attorneys Daniel Riccardo Paige and Cyrus Toufanian, a former prosecutor.
Williams continues to play for the Sparks
In the midst of felony domestic violence charges and a chilling police report, Williams continues to play for the Sparks. On Sunday, Williams played 40 minutes and scored a team-high 23 points in the Sparks' 76-71 win over the Atlanta Dream. Williams, a 2015 WNBA All-Star, is tied for eighth in three-point shooting this WNBA season. She is a key contributor to the Sparks, who with a 9-7 record currently qualify for the league's playoffs.
The Sparks also reaffirmed their confidence in Williams when they re-signed her as a free agent on May 15. According to Capology.com, Williams is paid $113,000 per season.
Both the WNBA and Sparks have the legal right to suspend Williams, though neither is obligated to do so. This right is contained in Article XIV of the collective bargaining agreement signed by the WNBA and the Women's Nationals Basketball Players' Association (WNBPA). Although last November the WNBPA voted to opt out of the current CBA, the opt-out does not take effect until after the 2019 season concludes. Further, under labor law, the terms of an expired CBA continue so long as the parties are engaged in good faith bargaining and there is no impasse. In other words, Article XIV continues to govern player conduct matters.
Under Article XIV, players are required to "conform their conduct to standards of good citizenship, good moral character, and good sportsmanship and shall not do anything detrimental or prejudicial to the best interests of the WNBA, their teams, or the sport of basketball." This standard includes compliance with federal, state and local laws. If a player fails to adhere to this standard, the WNBA or the player's team may (but not must) impose "reasonable discipline." The CBA describes reasonable discipline as a reasonable fine or a reasonable suspension.
Article XIV also contains a prohibition against double-punishment. This means that the WNBA and Sparks cannot both punish Williams for the same misconduct.
If Williams is suspended for any amount of time, or if she is fined at least $301 by the Sparks or at least $551 by the WNBA, she (and the WNBPA) would have a right to appeal the punishment within 30 days of its imposition. Any appeal would be heard by a neutral arbitrator.
The WNBA has punished players for domestic violence in the past. In 2015, the league suspended Brittney Griner and Glory Johnson for seven games each after they were arrested in Arizona on suspicion of assault and disorderly conduct. The two players were engaged to one another at the time and had several arguments, one of which led to the police being called to their home in a suburb of Phoenix. A seven-game suspension remains the longest in the WNBA's 23-year history. The charges were later dropped against Johnson while Griner's charges were dropped by virtue of Griner participating in a pretrial diversion program.
Given that the WNBA season is 34 games, a seven-game suspension is akin to a 17-game suspension in the NBA's 82-game regular season. The NBA's longest suspension for domestic violence occurred in 2014 when the league suspended Charlotte Hornets forward Jeffrey Taylor for 24 games after he pleaded guilty to misdemeanor domestic assault and misdemeanor malicious destruction of property.
Matteo Marchi/Getty Images
Making sense of the WNBA's inaction with Williams
The seriousness of the allegations against Williams, coupled with the fact that law enforcement has found probable cause—meaning sufficient facts and circumstances to conclude that Williams committed two felony-level crimes—clearly gives the WNBA and Sparks the right to suspend Williams. Further, the league and team have obvious reasons to invoke that right. They include the potentially adverse reactions of fans and sponsors to a player who is charged with violent felonies being able to play without interruption or sanction.
It's also worth speculating how the NBA or an NBA team would address a player charged with felonies for breaking into an ex-partner's residence and repeatedly punching that partner in the head and pulling out their hair. While no two domestic violence incidents are the same, it's worth noting that the NBA—which founded the WNBA and, though WNBA teams are individually owned and though the WNBA has its own leadership team, still has influence over the WNBA—and teams have punished players for domestic violence allegations or admissions.
In September 2017, the Hornets placed Jeffrey Taylor on paid leave—and thus separated him from all team activities—in the aftermath of Taylor being charged with one count of domestic assault, one count of assault and one count of malicious destruction of property. Taylor was accused of shoving a woman from his hotel room in East Lansing, Michigan, with such force that she crashed into the door of a room on the other side of the hallway. As alluded to above, Taylor's leave from the Hornets became an NBA suspension after he pleaded guilty to misdemeanor domestic assault and misdemeanor malicious destruction of property.
In February 2018, the NBA suspended center Willie Reed for six games under the league's joint policy on domestic violence (discussed more fully below). Reed had resolved a misdemeanor charge for battery by entering a pretrial intervention program. He was accused of grabbing his wife, who told him she wanted a divorce, by the hair and then throwing her to the ground.
Why hasn't the WNBA or the Sparks taken any action against Williams?
There are several possible reasons.
First, Williams has pleaded not guilty to both charges and insists that she is innocent. In the court of law, she is innocent until proven guilty. Although the WNBA and Sparks do not "have to" wait for the legal process to play out, they might prefer to do so.
Along those lines, Williams's account of the situation might prove far different from what law enforcement contends. Hypothetically, perhaps she had a connection to the residence in question and a legal right to enter it. If that were the case, she would have a powerful defense against the burglary charge: it's not burglary to enter one's own home. Her attorneys might also contend that Davis was the aggressor. Until a defense is developed, it's difficult to anticipate what will be argued and what type of evidence may be relevant.
Second, neither the WNBA nor the Sparks has a greater capacity than the criminal justice system to determine what took place on Dec. 6 in Pahokee. With that in mind, the league and team might not want to risk prejudicing Williams's criminal case by disciplining her for an unproven charge. Likewise, do they want to punish her if, later on, the charges are dismissed.
Third, Williams does not seem to pose an on-going safety risk to other WNBA players or fans. She has played seven seasons with a suspension for an on-court incident. Both the WNBA and Sparks can credibly argue that punishment should not occur unless and until Williams is found guilty or (more likely) negotiates a plea deal where she accepts responsibility and minimizes the risk of lengthy incarceration.
How the WNBA could learn from the NBA's process
Part of the challenge for the WNBA with domestic violence controversies is that the current CBA for WNBA players lacks the kind of advanced approach to domestic violence accusations found in the NBA's CBA. As I explained more fully in a recent Sports Illustrated article on former Boston Celtics guard Jabari Bird, the NBA and National Basketball Players' Association (NBPA) have negotiated a joint policy on domestic violence, sexual assault and child abuse.
The policy is contained in Exhibit F of their CBA. It clearly distinguishes domestic violence from other personal conduct offenses. To that end, the policy defines domestic violence as including "any actual or attempted violent act that is committed by one party in an intimate or family relationship against another party in that relationship." It further clarifies that domestic violence includes "physical assault or battery, sexual assault, stalking, harassment, or other forms of physical or psychological abuse" as well as "behavior that intimidates, manipulates, humiliates, isolates, frightens, terrorizes, coerces, threatens, injures, or places another person in fear of bodily harm."
The policy also authorizes NBA commissioner Adam Silver to separate a player from his team without suspending the player. This separation is through "administrative leave," where a player is excluded from team activities but continues to be paid. While on leave the league can investigate the claim—including making attempts to speak with accusers—and monitor pertinent legal developments. At the same time, by placing the player on leave, the league does not reach any conclusions about the player's guilt or innocence. If the player is ultimately cleared, he would not have lost salary. This type of system might be helpful for the WNBA, particularly as a topic for when it negotiates a new CBA with the WNBPA.
Another WNBA test: accusations against Natasha Howard
Unlike the Williams domestic violence matter, which has been going on eight months, the controversy concerning Howard is brand new.
Howard, 27, is one of the WNBA's best players. The No. 5 overall pick of the 2014 WNBA draft is fourth in the league in points per game (17.4), third in rebounds per game (8.2) and tied for fourth in steals per game (2.0). Williams has led the Storm to a 10-8 record, which would qualify for the playoffs if the season ended today.
On Saturday, Howard's wife, Jacqueline Howard, posted a one-minute cell phone video on Twitter with the accompanying message "But I'm lying? Okay."
As of this writing, the tweet containing the video remains online. In the video, Jacqueline appears to be holding her phone down, perhaps to disguise the fact that she was recording her wife. Regardless, Jacqueline demands to know how many times Natasha had "threatened her" since Jacqueline had "been there." Natasha responded, "I f------ don't know, but I wouldn't threaten you that I'm going to kill you or nothing." Jaqueline then replied, "You didn't threaten to cause me physical harm?" Natasha responded to the question with a question of her own, "But did I cause physical harm? No."
Jaqueline clearly disagreed. She then warned Natasha that she was "going to get a restraining order" because, in Jacqueline's view, Natasha is "losing [her] f------ mind." Jacqueline also insisted that Natasha had broken a door in their residence and slammed it on her. The camera is then positioned to record video of a door with broken glass, with Jacqueline adding that she doesn't "feel safe" around Natasha. Jaqueline also alleged that Natasha had turned off the wi-fi box in their residence to eavesdrop on a private conversation, and that Natasha has "stalker intentions" and is "f------ obsessed" with her.
Both the WNBA and Storm have released statements expressing that they are looking into the situation.
It's worth noting that at no time on the video did Natasha Howard admit to illegal acts. Her statements could be interpreted to mean that she admits to making some sort of threats against her wife, but she does not actually explicitly admit to that. Also, while Jaqueline Howard warned her wife that she would obtain a restraining order, there is no record of that happening (yet).
This is a difficult situation for the WNBA and Storm, particularly at this early juncture. Natasha Howard is accused by a loved one of very troubling acts. At the same time, she seems to deny those acts and, in the absence of a police report—where Jacqueline Howard would be legally required to tell the truth, unlike in a video posted on Twitter—or other corroborating evidence, it's difficult to assess the veracity and accuracy of the claims.
This situation serves as a reminder to not only the WNBA but to all pro leagues that as personal technology has made it very easy to record videos and upload them online, players can find themselves accused of wrongdoing or implicated in domestic disputes that in the past might not become public.
As detailed above, the NBA and NBPA have negotiated a series of procedures for accusations of domestic violence. With the WNBA and WNBPA set to bargain a new CBA, it would behoove both sides to contemplate policies for the types of situations presented by Williams and Howard. Meanwhile, the WNBA's new commissioner, Deloitte CEO Cathy Engelbert, takes office on Wednesday. Expect domestic violence and players to be one of the first topics she addresses.
Michael McCann is SI's Legal Analyst. He is also an attorney and Director of the Sports and Entertainment Law Institute at the University of New Hampshire Franklin Pierce School of Law.
More WNBA
Riquna Williams
natasha howard


Beautiful boaty Blakeney, famous for its saltmarshes and seals, was once a bustling cargo port - with pirates!
Some of the most famous residents of Blakeney are its seals. Blakeney Point has England's largest seal colony, with more than 2,000 pups born every winter. Boat trips run from Blakeney and Morston to visit the grey seals. Blakeney is also pretty close to heaven for birdwatchers. Look for ringed plovers, oystercatchers, Brent geese and common teal.
Blakeney was not always the idyllic haven of tranquillity it appears today. In the 14th century pirates sailed from the village to capture ships and strip them of their cargoes. Two centuries later the people of Blakeney are said to have refused to send a ship to join the fleet being put together to fight the Spanish Armada.
Blakeney Point is a four mile spit of shingle and sand-dunes, growing longer and closer to the shore every year. Part of an official Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and the Blakeney National Nature Reserve, the best way to get there is by boat, perhaps as part of a seal-watching trip, or the long walk from Cley beach for a more arduous approach.
Blakeney was a commercial seaport until the early 20th century – not quite on a par with Felixstowe today, but ships from across the medieval world docked here to unload spices and textiles. Then the harbour is silted up and only small boats could navigate the creek out to the open sea.
World War, as a temporary mortuary for sailors. For more than 400 years it has been owned by the village, to be used for the benefit of the villagers.
The village church has a main tower more than 100ft high, plus a narrow tower once used as a beacon to guide boats into Blakeney Harbour. Look carefully on the 15th century stone walls inside the church to find medieval graffiti of sailing ships.
A secret (so secret it has never been found) tunnel is said to run from the Guildhall to the remains of a friary. Legend has it that a violinist and his white cat ventured into the tunnel many centuries ago, and have never emerged. They do, however, appear on the village sign. Another story with a Norfolk link is the novel The Eagle Has Landed, by Jack Higgins. Jack stayed in the Blakeney Hotel while researching his story of Nazi paratroopers attempting to assassinate Winston Churchill in north Norfolk. In 1976 the novel was made into a film starring Michael Caine, Donald Sutherland, Donald Pleasance and Robert Duval.
The Blakeney Regatta race week begins on August 13 – preceded by an annual festival of watery fun focused around Blakeney Quay. Enjoy aquatic sports on Thursday August 9 – featuring the chance to walk a greasy pole – then sandcastle-building and gilly-catching competions (gillying is the Blakeney word for crabbing) on Saturday, August 11 and rural sports on the village playing field the following day.
Gray's Travelling Fun Fair will be at Blakeney Carnser car park for its annual visit from August 13-19 and the Party on the Pastures, hosted by the parish council is on Sunday, August 19, with stalls, fairground rides, live music, circus entertainment, a dog show, refreshments and the presentation of the 2018 Volunteer Awards.


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Q: Confusing NullReferenceException I have created two comboboxes, one for the min value and one for the max value. My code should make sure the user doesn't select a min value greater than the max value, or a max value smaller than the min value using this code.
private void MaxRating_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            switch (MaxRating.SelectedIndex)
            {
                case 0:
                    if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > 0)
                        MinRating.SelectedIndex = 0;
                    break;
                case 1:
                    if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > 1)
                        MinRating.SelectedIndex = 1;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > 2)
                        MinRating.SelectedIndex = 2;
                    break;
                case 3:
                    if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > 3)
                        MinRating.SelectedIndex = 3;
                    break;
                case 4:
                    if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > 4)
                        MinRating.SelectedIndex = 4;
                    break;
            }
        }

However when debugging at the line where it says "if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > 0)" I get "NullReferenceException was unhandled by user code".
I'm not sure why, I also have a function for MinRating_SelectionChanged, and I don't seem to be getting anything like that there.
If I remove case:0 from this function, there seems to be no errors. Not from the other function either. I also tried replacing > with == but it just seems to do the same thing.
Any help would be appereciated because I'm just confused.
EDIT: if I just place these two lines
int minrating = MinRating.SelectedIndex;
int maxrating = MaxRating.SelectedIndex;

it gives the error at the second line

A: Can't you just say this?
if (MinRating.SelectedIndex > MaxRating.SelectedIndex)
{
    MinRating.SelectedIndex = MaxRating.SelectedIndex;
}

Then you don't try to read a value that has not been set yet. Also it is a lot shorter.
On a side node: You should not use the SelectedIndex property. Work with the values of your objects rather than with their positions in a collection.

A: If carefully analyze, you will see this method may be called even during initialization of the controls, where MaxRating has just been constructed but MinRating is not even constructed. You cannot assume both of them are constructed when this method is called.
You might check against null for both of them at the beginning of this method as a workaround.

A: I'm not that experienced with C#, but perhaps case 0 is executed when MaxRating.SelectedIndex is null, (0 being equivalent to null), and therefore it is entering the case with a null MaxRating.SelectedIndex.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Монтальдо-ді-Мондові (, ) — муніципалітет в Італії, у регіоні П'ємонт,  провінція Кунео.

Монтальдо-ді-Мондові розташоване на відстані близько 470 км на північний захід від Рима, 85 км на південь від Турина, 27 км на схід від Кунео.

Населення —   (2014).
Щорічний фестиваль відбувається 15 серпня. Покровитель — Maria Vergine Assunta.

Демографія

Сусідні муніципалітети

 Фрабоза-Сопрана
 Монастеро-ді-Васко
 Робурент
 Торре-Мондові
 Вікофорте

Див. також
 Список муніципалітетів провінції Кунео

Примітки

Муніципалітети провінції Кунео

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Hallo, mein Name ist Natalia Pasternak und ich bin 24 Jahre alt. Meine Muttersprache ist Polish und ich unterrichte Norwegian, Polish. Online-Unterricht bei Verbalplanet.com gebe ich seit Oktober 2018. Ich beherrsche die folgenden Sprachen fließend: Polish, English, Norwegian. Ich biete derzeit eine vergünstigte Probestunde für neue Schüler an.
My name is Natalia Pasternak and I have been living in Norway for many years. Foreign languages are my passion: English, Norwegian, Spanish, French, Polish. I have been learning Latin and German as well. I have finished my studies in Norway at Stavanger University, I received philologist title and teacher qualifications. I work as an interpreter and teacher in Stavanger.
Because I have learned 6 languages myself, I know how to work with a student and which methods are the best. I am against studies where you have to learn by heart number of words and fixed rules. In my opinion the most important is contact with the language, talking, conversations, reading the papers and watching TV.
I have been teaching Norwegian for six years, and have had students from different countries . I have had many private students - teaching them mostly via Skype - and many groups as well.
The majority of my students come from Russia, Poland, US and Spain. I know what difficulties the native speakers of those languages have with learning Norwegian/Polish and how I can help them.
I have finished my language studies on the University in Stavanger ( Norway) and here I gained my teacher qualifications as well.
I am highly against an old model of teaching – no creativity, just tiresome forms. Language is vivid, so lessons should be full of passion and influence students to discover languages on their own. Studying a language is also very demanding, so students need to overcome their own fears and open themselves for the world. The majority of my students are people who have certificates but still cannot (or are even afraid) to speak. Conversations are key in learning a foreign language. From the first class we are going to create easy sentences or phrases. You cannot be afraid of mistakes, without mistakes we cannot improve ourselves. Classes with me are demanding, because I "force" my students to talk and be active. At the beginning it is very hard, but results are quickly noticeable.
I invite you for the first, free lesson, where I present my techniques.
Preparations for the exams (Norskprøve, Bergenstest).
Preparations for a job interview.
Technical vocabulary – health care, education, gastronomy, architecture and more.
Everyday conversations – at the doctor, at a shop, at NAV.
Release from the fear of using foreign language.


text:
Home » History Of Wells
An ancient cathedral city – the smallest in England – Wells is situated in the beautiful district of Mendip in the heart of rural Somerset.
It is names after the wells, once believed to have curative powers, which are to be found in the grounds of the Bishop's Palace and the cathedral, with a third now providing a prominent monument in the imposing market square.
It is known that the wells have been at the centre of spiritual interest for a very long time, excavations suggesting that ancient religious buildings existed there from early historic times. The Romans built a road through
Wells on the way to Bristol and the city therefore became a small Roman settlement.
Afterwards the early Christian church took an interest and, just like the Romans before them, they converted ancient shrines to fit in with their beliefs. The Saxon King Ine of Wessex chose Wells as the site of a minster church in the early 8th century.
In 766 King Cynewulf gave land to 'the minster by the Great Spring which they call Wells', an early reference to the city name that still stands today. The diocese of Wells was founded by King Edward the Elder in 909, and St Andrew's Church was made the cathedral of the new diocese.
In 1066 – a date embedded in the minds of every history student – the cathedral fell into Norman hands after the defeat of King Harold in the battle of Hastings, and the first Norman bishop moved the seat of the diocese to Bath. Wells therefore lost its cathedral status and buildings were demolished.
However, extensive improvement work began on the old St Andrew's church in 1180, which was also the year that Wells was granted its royal charter by King John, and the diocese seat returned from Bath in 1244.
Wells was the largest city in Somerset for several hundred years, flourishing not only because of the existence of the cathedral, but also because of a local trade in wool and cloth. As the church owned much of the land and business, great wealth was accumulated and this was used in the construction of one of the most outstanding examples of ecclesiastical architecture in Britain, the main part of the cathedral construction being carried out between the 12th and 13th centuries. The 160-feet high central tower was added during the reconstruction work which followed a fire in the 14th century.
There was another set-back when much of the 14th century work was destroyed when Edward VI blew up the grand chapel with gunpowder as part of the Reformation started by King Henry XIII, and the Civil War brought more damage when Parliamentary troops used the cathedral to stable their horses, while at the same time using the ornate medieval sculpture for target practice.
Wells was also the scene of an uprising during the Monmouth Rebellion, when rebel soldiers used lead from the roof and windows to make shot. Not a great deal; has changed since those dark days. The Cathedral has been repaired and now provides an imposing focal point for this picturesque West Country city nestling at the foot of the Mendip Hills.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Printing an int array in a certain way I need to have my final array print in this form 1 2 3 4 5 MEGA:6
right now it is printing my numbers all connected and I am not sure how to make the spacing and add the word mega between the 5th and 6th number in the array
import java.util.Scanner;
public class SuperLottoPlus {
    //create array
    public static int[] generateSuperLottoNumbers()
    {
        int[] numbers;
        numbers = new int[6];
        numbers[0] = (int) (47 * Math.random()) + 1;
        numbers[1] = (int) (47 * Math.random()) + 1;
        numbers[2] = (int) (47 * Math.random()) + 1;
        numbers[3] = (int) (47 * Math.random()) + 1;
        numbers[4] = (int) (47 * Math.random()) + 1;
        numbers[5] = (int) (27 * Math.random()) + 1;
        return numbers;
    }
    //method to print ticket
    public static void printTicket(int [] array)
    {
        int i;
        for(i = 0; i < array.length ; i++)
        {
            System.out.print(array[i]);
        }

    }
   //print ticket numbers based on the amount of tickets user wants (n)
    public static void main (String[] args)
    {
        int n;
        Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("How many lottery tickets would you like?");
        n = keyboard.nextInt();
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            printTicket(generateSuperLottoNumbers());
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

A: Just add the spaces, and a conditional check if you're at the last number to decide whether to print MEGA
public static void printTicket(int [] array)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < array.length ; i++)
    {
        if (i == array.length - 1)
        {
            System.out.print("MEGA: ");
        }
        System.out.print(array[i]);
        System.out.print(" ");
    }

A: public static void printTicket(int [] array)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < array.length ; i++)
    {
        if(i == array.length - 1){ //looks for last element
            System.out.print("MEGA:"); //adds word MEGA before last element
        }
        System.out.print(array[i] + " "); //prints all elements, last one after MEGA word
    }

}

A: Use this:
for(int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
    {
        if(i == 5)
            System.out.print("MEGA:");
        System.out.print(array[i] + " ");
    }


Big screen for us easy to check the exercise information.
Best for home exercise, convenience and portable,Sturdy and heavy-duty construction.
A safety key to protect you from injury, low noise motor.
You might be starting a weight loss software and have determined to purchase an electrical treadmill for your home. At the same time as the electric treadmill has been one of your favorite machines to exercise on, you still have questions about how they actually work. There are definitely treadmill benefits that you'll be able to study by way of reading this text. You'll additionally learn about key issues to look for earlier than buying your electric treadmill.
An electrical treadmill is a motorized piece of exercise apparatus that allows you to walk or run to certain tempo settings at the same time as allowing you to drop some pounds. They are often present in gyms and come computerized with basic to complex settings that allow you to nearly climb hills, simulate steps,view your calories burned, view your middle charge, and the like. They may be able to frequently be pre-programmed for a beginner to a extra complex stage exercise.
One of many biggest things to imagine sooner than buying an electric treadmill for your home, might be the cost of the equipment. If you are a novice who is only doing a fundamental weight loss program, then your electrical treadmill will have to not be as dear as any individual who is an train skilled. When you decide your funds, take a look at a minimum of five different machines inside of your budget, that allows you to lend a hand you to succeed in your weight reduction targets.
Another factor that you are going to want to have a look at are electric treadmill evaluations. While there are indisputably some manufacturers which can be well known in the fitness business, you'll want to take a look at how customers rate and overview the electric treadmill that you are considering on purchasing. Glance to look if there's a trend of issues or problems among the many evaluations, like is it durable or how so much weight can the electrical treadmill effectively hold? Reviews are all the time a really perfect starting supply and will help you successfully go throughout the myriad of electrical treadmills on the market nowadays.
If you are a heavier or obese particular person starting a weight reduction software, then you will need to ensure that the electric treadmill you select is in a position to grasp your weight in kilos. The device must be in a position to resist day by day walking and/or working, along with the drive that a heavier weight have an effect on will put at the apparatus.
There are some electric treadmills which can be constructed for portability. They have wheels which allow you to pack it up if you're dwelling in a small space and need that space for visitors who would possibly come via later. This additionally permits you to pack your electric treadmill right into a closet or up in opposition to a wall and gives the benefit of no longer having the piece of kit cluttering up your flooring house in your home.
Always observe the directions that come within the box of your electrical treadmill. They're there for a reason why. After you have your piece of train apparatus house, you will have to make certain and skim the directions. They are going to introduce you to options that your new electrical treadmill has, that you didn't learn about. The instructions can even teach you about setting up your electric treadmill and learn how to use it correctly. Any piece of exercise apparatus should be used correctly due to safety and injury concerns that you don't want or are looking to occur.
Make certain and get an expert's advice first sooner than buying an electric treadmill and ahead of starting your weight loss application. They are mavens for a reason and might be able to solution lots of your questions about the most productive electric treadmills in the marketplace lately. You probably have a family member,friend or neighbor that loves the workout procedure, then get started with them. You may additionally wish to call or pass to a specialized wearing goods retailer and talk with a gross sales consultant. He or she is there to help you purchase an electric treadmill so they can suit your needs at house.
One of the most important issues that you'll do while purchasing an electric treadmill for your own home, specifically with small children round, is to make certain that it comes with a safety lock. There are many electric treadmills in the marketplace today, where you'll be able to safely lock the equipment in order that it's going to no longer be used by smaller children who're curious to peer what this large piece of kit does. The safety lock will stabilize the system and not allow any shifting portions which might endanger your young children.
As with all train apparatus purchase, be sure and do your homework. Key in on things that you wish to have your electrical treadmill to do in my view for you. What are a few of the such a lot necessary things that you are searching for? Consider such things as cost, protection locks, simulated hills or steps, viewing your middle charge or other features that you wish to have your electrical treadmill to have. When you start to zone in on what your personal frame will want for weight loss luck, then shopping for your electric treadmill will transform more straightforward.


text:
The Big Debate Over Measure L
Bob Moffitt
Monday, October 20, 2014 | Sacramento, CA | Permalink
There have been dozens of debates in the city of Sacramento as voters consider whether to make changes to the structure of their government.
The arguments and the debates over Measure L often have as much to do with Mayor Kevin Johnson as they do with the language of the measure. Before a debate at the Clunie Center recently, Michael Murphy-held a red-and-white "Stop The Power Grab!" sign- and Ronald Yokely -carried a blue-and-yellow "Yes on Measure L" sign.
"Let's deal with the success rate of charter schools," yells Ronald.
"So what he's done is taken good-paying jobs and made them low-paying jobs," yells Michael.
Ronald finishes the exchange with, "A low-paying job better than no job!"
Their argument never got to a discussion of whether voters should take executive power from the city manager and give it to the mayor.
But, at a recent campaign stop at Sacramento State, Mayor Johnson gave students an example of how the current city council/city manager form of government limits him. The story starts with outrage following a 2010 gun battle that killed two people -including a woman protecting her child- outside a Sacramento barbershop.
Johnson was asked to lead a task force on gang activity.
"Every other week I met with the community or an entire year," said Johnson, "and we came up with a action plan of what we were gonna do to cut down gang violence, how we were going to do things that were preventive, intervention, suppress(ion) -we did everything that you can imagine."
He then went to the city manager.
"I said, 'Aw, this is great. I met with the community. Here's the plan. Everybody weighed in on it. It takes a million dollars.
He's like, 'Nah, it's not my priority.'
I'm like, I'm the mayor. Like, people think I make these decisions. Like, seriously.
I'm like, 'Alright, how about implementing half the plan? How about $500,000 to implement half the plan?"
He's like "Nah, it's not even half my priority.'"
If Measure L passes, the city manager would become the "chief administrative officer," appointed by the mayor and serving "at the pleasure of the mayor." The appointment would have to be confirmed by a city council majority.
Rick Braziel was Sacramento Police Chief for five years during the recession. His budget was cut by four different city managers. He says if one person had been responsible for budgets, departments could have planned better.
"Hard decisions had to be made and that anxiety goes with the employees of, 'Who's setting the policy and who's setting the policy the city's going to go?' says Braziel. "And that policy got changed four different times."
Under Measure L, the mayor would submit a budget to the council.
Though the council would shrink from nine members to eight, five votes would still be required to pass the budget or any ordinance.
The mayor could veto ordinances in their entirety and would have line-item veto authority over the budget.
Six votes or three-quarters of the council would be required to over-ride a veto. Typically -in the executive/legislative form of government- two-thirds is required to over-ride. Measure L has no provision for breaking a 4-4 tie.
For Council member Steve Hansen, Johnson's success as mayor proves such changes are unnecessary.
"The city is working really well right now. The prime example of that is the downtown arena. We moved fast, we worked hard, and we put together a deal to build a new arena," Hansen says. "That, pension concessions, restoring library services -we've done a lot. "
Under Measure L, the mayor would no longer be a member of the city council and would not be required to attend meetings.
Former two-term Mayor Heather Fargo says that's a mistake.
When the mayor no longer sits there every Tuesday and listens to the public and can veto those decisions based on that public discussion both between the council members and the public, I think that's a problem. I think it's a very private way to make decisions in what should be a very public and democratic process."
While both sides are passionate about the possible effects of a change, a recent study of 1600 cities and towns in the United States suggests changing a form of governance has little effect. Chris Warshaw is an assistant political science professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and co-author of the study.
"There is no difference in responsiveness of cities to their public whether they have elected mayors or council/manager systems," says Warshaw. "There may reasons why one system or another is better, but it doesn't seem like it affects the link between public opinion and what city governments do."
The strong mayor provision is just one change proposed in Measure L.
It also calls for the creation of an independent citizens' redistricting commission. The mayor and city council would have no voice in selecting commission members and would have to disclose any communications outside of public meetings with commission members.
It also calls for the creation of ethics and neighborhood advisory committees, a mayor-appointed compensation commission and a city council-created Independent Budget Analyst's Office.
There would be a three-term limit for future mayors.
If the measure passes, voters would have to re-affirm each change to the city charter by the end of 2020 or each would expire.
Full Text Of Measure L
Source: Office of the City Clerk, Impartial Analysis of Measure L
More about election 2014
Insight: Measure L / Strong Mayor Structural Analysis / The Political Junkie Goes West / Nagual
CapRadio's Bob Moffitt explains Measure L, known as the "Strong Mayor" initiative. A UC Merced professor explains the pros and cons of switching to a strong mayor government. Plus, the Political Junkie and the leader of the jazz group, Nagual.
California General Election: November 4
Capital Public Radio has comprehensive coverage of the Nov. 4 general election. This is your resource for stories, information and results on races and measures affecting our region.
election 2014steve hansenMayor Kevin JohnsonMeasure LHeather FargoRick BrazielMITSacramento City Charter
Sacramento Region Reporter
Bob reports on all things northern California and Nevada. His coverage of police technology, local athletes, and the environment has won a regional Associated Press and several Edward R. Murrow awards. Read Full Bio
@BobMoffitt Email Bob Moffitt
Chef And Food Advocate Alice Waters Starting Education Institute At UC Davis Aggie Square
California, 13 Other States Sue To Stop Trump's Food Stamp Cuts
Live Analysis Of The January Democratic Debate


You have a case of diarrhea if you are experiencing loose watery stools and have to keep rushing to the bathroom ever so often. Your liquid stools may be light brown or green and even have some flecks flecks of blood, mucus, or semi digested food in the stools. In most cases, your diarrhea will be short lived as there are many remedies that can help alleviate your diarrhea symptoms.
Most diarrhea causes come from viral infections that develop in the intestines and stomach (gastroenteritis). Your body finds it hard to absorb foods and liquids due to the inflammation and irritation. As a result, the contents of food and liquids pass through your body faster than usual.
Since there is no cure for viral diseases (and hence, similarly for diarrhea cases), your doctor will recommend that you treat the effects from diarrhea, especially dehydration, rather than dealing with the ailment directly. If it is just a case of viral gastroenteritis, you should not see any blood or pus in the stool. Fever is also seldom experienced.
Acute diarrhea causes spring mostly from bacterial infections. Bacterial infections are usually transmitted through the food that you eat, or from contact with animals or other humans. Other diarrhea causes include parasitic infections, food and toxin poisoning, chemical poisoning, and gastrointestinal allergy. Bacteria in food produce toxins that may be produced before it is eaten or even after digestion, in the intestine.
You may also find yourself experiencing more episodes of diarrhea when you travel to foreign countries. These are usually countries where hygiene standares are different. Very often, traveller's diarrhea, caused by a strain of E. coli occurs in the various foods that you eat. Nausea and bad stomach cramps can develop pretty quickly and usually lasts for 3 days.
When you suffer from chronic diarrhea, you are experiencing chronic intestinal infections, immunologic and metabolic abnormalities, environmental factors, and the impaired ability to absorb fat or carbohydrate (due to bile and pancreatic disorders, genetic abnormalities, etc.).
Doctors would recommend that you limit the likelihood of dehydration from too much loss of body fluids and electrolytes. You lose fluids through the frequent bowel movements and vomiting, if any. If your diarrhea is prolonged, you also stand to lose electrolytes or minerals which are carried out with the water. Hence you would need to replace electrolytes which are essential to body metabolism. What is usually lost is sodium and potassium, together with chloride and bicarbonates in smaller quantities.
You will be asked to take plenty of liquids, preferably those containing carbohydrates, especially glucose, and electrolytes. These liquids are termed oral rehydration solutions. Glucose is crucial for triggering the small intestine to start absorbing the liquids and minerals.
To help limit too much water loss, your doctor may recommend that you take absorbents, such as attapulgite, which promote absorption of water. Additionally, if your diarrhea symptoms are severe, you may also be asked to consume anti-motility drugs, which relaxes the muscles of the intestines and slows the flow of water giving more time for absorption.
Of course, you can also turn to natural remedies as an alternative to medications for diarrhea. There are many herbs that you can take or flowering plants that possess superb astringent properties because of presence of tannins.
Diarrhea, a term derived from Greek, is simply known as "flow through". Diarrhea causes need to be examined especially in cases of prolonged diarrhea. You need to ensure that you replendish the liquids that you lost as well as find out if your symptoms point to a more serious digestive disease.


Has your Magento® site handle multiple Dropshippers, allowing vendors or dropship companies to manage and track their products, orders and shipments using a separate dashboard on the Magento® site.
The Drop Shipping Extension for Magento® offers robust multi-vendor dropship capabilities in a lean, easy to use module.
If you're looking for a way to sell products from multiple vendors without needing to maintain inventory, the multi vendor dropship extension is your solution.
With this Magento dropship integration, vendors can ship their products directly to the customer, eliminating shipping hassle and saving time for the shop owner.
Vendors are able to decide which shipping methods they want to use to fulfill orders.
The dropship extension also comes with basic multi-vendor store functionality.
Vendors can add or edit products on the frontend, view orders, and track sales.
Note: The dropshipping extension does not support many advanced features of the Multi-Vendor Marketplace extension, including vendor profiles and vendor-specific product pages.
Please check the user guide to learn more about this product.
Can a vendor ship a partial order and ship the rest later?
Yes. Vendors may choose to ship a partial order and later ship the remainder. This can be done in the vendor portal under Order –> order details.
To learn more about Partial Order Shipments see this Help Article.
Can customers order multiple products from different vendors and ask the vendors to ship to the same place?
Yes. Customers are not limited to ordering from one vendor at a time. They may fill their cart with items from different vendors then later checkout in one go.
They Customer will need to choose from the different shipping costs provided for each Vendor. A message is displayed informing them of this during checkout.
Can vendors view and manage their orders?
Yes. Vendors can easily view and manage their orders inside their very own vendor portal.
To learn more about how the vendor panel works see this Help article.
Do the vendors choose the shipping method?
Yes. Vendors choose their own shipping methods from Flat Rate, Table Rate, FedEx and Free.
Learn more about defining shipping methods as a Vendor through the vendor panel by Clicking here.
If the vendor chooses the shipping method, can it be changed?
Yes the Vendor is free to change their shipping method at any time through the Vendor Portal. The site admin is also capable of modifying the Vendor's shipping methods through the admin panel after they have been saved.
Do the suppliers set the product price?
The Vendor/Supplier sets the product price. This is what will appear on the product page.
How do vendors receive order notifications?
Vendor Notifications can be toggled on or off. When toggled on Vendors will receive email notifications automatically when new orders are received. To learn about configuring order notifications see this Help article.
The Dropship extension is based on the concept of the fulfillment and inventory management being made by multiple vendors, but the site shows only one seller.
The marketplace extension has the optional ability to show ratings and multiple sellers on the site so the customer on the front-end knows the products have been shipped by multiple vendors.
Try them both out by requesting access to the demos and see for yourself the differences between them.


Rabbi Raymond Apple served for 32 years as the chief minister of the Great Synagogue, Sydney and asks this question and others. He is now retired and lives in Jerusalem.
Q. I know why Judaism disagrees with Christianity and Islam, but what does it say about Buddhism and Hinduism?
A. It rejects the negativism of Buddhism, the idea that you and I and the entire universe are nothing: When something in life goes wrong we cannot handle it or respond; we can only withdraw.
As against Buddhism, which in most versions is a non-theistic "way", Judaism is a way of life given by and answerable to the Creator God.
In regard to Hinduism, one of our major problems is not that it lacks a god but that it has too many of them. Judaism regards it as idolatrous despite its moral principles.
Q. Can I shorten some of the ceremonies and prayers found in the Siddur?
A. The Siddur has abbreviated versions of the Amidah and the Grace After Meals. But these are there for a time of emergency. In normal circumstances, one should not need short versions.
When the sages discuss ways of abbreviating the Grace After Meals what they have in mind is getting back to work and not taking undue time away from an employer. That's a means of being ethical and thoughtful, not just promoting your personal advantage.
Here's another example of when a short version is appropriate: in 1941 during the London Blitz people rushed to the bomb shelters as darkness approached, and religious Jews were worried about what to do on Seder night.
Dayan Yechezkel Abramsky of the London Beth Din explained what the real essentials of the Seder were and showed how all could be covered in 15 or 20 minutes, allowing people to get to their shelters in time.
The motivation was entirely valid. Lives had to be protected and had to be combined with the observance of Pesach.
In time of danger to life or health, it is not required to drag out a service or observance. But when there is no emergency a person should take their time and savour the spirituality of the moment.


text:
Office and Building Staff
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Mitzvot
Beyond B'nai Jacob
Opportunities for Giving
Home > ENGAGE > Social Action
At Congregation B'nai Jacob we are engaged in Tikkun Olam, repairing the world, through projects that address hunger, homelessness, and refugees in our community. These projects all offer various ways to participate. You can volunteer in person, contribute home-cooked or store-bought food, or donate much-needed funds. These projects also offer welcome opportunities for our community to collaborate with other synagogues and churches.
The list below describes our ongoing Social Action projects. Whatever you choose to do, your participation makes a difference and is very much appreciated.
Chapel on the Green
Every Sunday afternoon Trinity Church on the Green, located at 230 Temple Street in New Haven, provides a meal and a short prayer service to people in need. One or two times a year CBJ prepares and serves the food and distributes useful items like gloves or toiletry kits to the clients. We have even developed our own special version of this project, which we call "Sukkah on the Green." Click here to learn more about Chapel on the Green https://chapelonthegreen.weebly.com.
Chesed is a CBJ committee that cares for those in our own community who have suffered a loss or illness. Chesed will deliver a kosher catered meal to families sitting shiva. When it was possible to join together to cook in the CBJ kitchen, we made vats of chicken soup and dozens of matzo balls, which we froze and delivered to congregants recovering from serious illness. Some Chesed activities were paused during the Covid19 pandemic, but hopefully will resume soon.
Columbus House and Abraham's Tent
Columbus House provides shelter, food, and services to people who are homeless. CBJ regularly collaborates with other local synagogues to provide Christmas Dinner for Columbus House clients. We also participate in Abraham's Tent, a Columbus House program in which a different synagogue or church hosts twelve carefully screened homeless men overnight for a week during the cold winter months. Most recently we partnered with United Church on the Green in New Haven. The men slept at the church, and we helped provide meals, fellowship, and overnight supervision. Although Abraham's Tent has been on hold since 2020, CBJ has held fundraisers every year since then instead of volunteering in person. Click here for more information https://www.columbushouse.org. Kate Ezra, Deborah Fried, and Gary Leibowitz are the chairs for Abraham's Tent and Columbus House.
Downtown Evening Soup Kitchen
DESK, located in downtown New Haven at 311 Temple Street in the Center Church Parish House, provides dinner to about 300 needy people a day, 365 days a year. CBJ members have historically volunteered on the second Sunday of every month, but help is needed on other days as well. We often participate in the DESK Thanksgiving food drive, donating frozen turkeys, canned goods, and money. Click here to learn more https://www.deskct.org. Kal Watsky is our chair.
Food4Kids:
Food4Kids is a program of Jewish Family Service of Greater New Haven that provides supplemental, nutritious, ready to eat food to children in the New Haven schools who are at nutritional risk. The food items are pre-packaged and placed in the children's backpacks every Friday afternoon for weekend use. Prior to the Covid-19 pandemic volunteers were needed to help pack and deliver the bags of food, and hopefully this activity will resume soon. Click here for more information https://jfsnh.org/programs-services/food-4-kids-program/. Mara Ginsberg and Abby Silbert are the co-chairs.
Isaiah's Fast
Every year during the High Holidays, CBJ participates in a food drive to benefit the Jewish Family Service Food Pantry, which serves clients throughout the New Haven area. Bags are handed out on Rosh Hashanah, and everyone is asked to return them on Yom Kippur filled with nonperishable food items. Recently we have collected more than 3,000 pounds of food a year! Click here to find out more about the Jewish Family Service Food Pantry.
The Jewish Community Alliance for Refugee Resettlement
JCARR is a coalition of six synagogues and the Jewish Federation of Greater New Haven for the purpose of resettling refugee families. As a co-sponsor group with IRIS, JCARR has resettled seven families, from Afghanistan, Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, and Syria. JCARR volunteers help with housing, health care, social services, employment, education, and adapting to a new culture and new country. Click here https://jewishnewhaven.org/refugee-resettlement for more information. Kate Ezra and Sheldon Natkin are co-chairs for JCARR.
Mitzvah Garden:
CBJ's vegetable garden provides fresh produce to the clients of the Jewish Family Service Food Pantry. Volunteers commit to tending the garden for a week from June to September to prepare the garden beds, plant, weed, water and harvest, with occasional help from communal "work parties" during peak times in the growing season. Working in the garden is a fun way for individuals and families to experience nature and the satisfaction of providing healthy food to the hungry. Mara Ginsburg is the chairperson for the Mitzvah Garden.
Congregation B'nai Jacob 75 Rimmon Road Woodbridge, CT 06525 (203)389-2111


text:
Forgotten Genres: The Tielman Brothers & the Instrumental Delights of Indorock
Artist ProfileRock
By Sal Cataldi	 On Dec 22, 2020
The late, great Edward Van Halen wasn't the first musician of Indonesian descent to set the world ablaze with his fiery guitar work. That honor goes to The Tielman Brothers, a quartet of Indonesian immigrants to Van Halen's native Holland, who helped pioneer a new musical genre in the early years of rock-n-roll. It was a fusion of exotic world and American musics – a high energy, theatrical and largely instrumental guitar-driven variety played by Indonesian immigrants to the Netherlands dubbed Indorock. Although it was big in continental Europe for a time, Indorock has remained virtually unknown in the world beyond.
Tielman's story begins in 1945 in Surabaya, Indonesia, then a Dutch colony. That was when four brothers – Andy, Reggy, Loulou, Ponthon and their sister Jane – were inspired to start performing traditional folks songs and dances at parties by their musically-inclined father, Herman. Within a year and half, they were on tour as The Timor Rhythm Brothers, playing the music and dances of their homeland with costumes and even war-like rituals employing spears and swords. The musical style they played, kroncong, was a fusion of traditional Indonesian music with Portuguese fado and saudade, sounds that came to these islands when European explorers arrived, with their guitars, in the 16th Century.
All that changed in 1951 when the Tielman's heard the hillbilly rock of "Guitar Boogie" by Arthur Smith. In search of a harder, more American sound like Smith's, they moved brother Loulou over to the kit drum set. They eventually began to add covers of hits by Les Paul, Elvis, Chuck Berry, Fats Domino and Gene Vincent to their act – all propelled by the ferocious guitar licks and versatile vocals of Andy Tielman.
The Tielman's joined the wave of more than 300,000 Indonesians who would emigrate to Holland. They brought spice to its culture, cuisine (the famed rice buffet, Rijsttafel) and music. In 1957, the family relocated to Breda, Netherlands where they began playing as The Four T's. Their big break came in 1958 when they secured a gig in the Hawaiian section of the Dutch pavilion at the World's Fair in Brussels. Hawaiian music was becoming a global sensation at that time. Naturally, it became another ingredient in their fast-expanding polyglot musical brew, along with a little country & western, rockabilly and their native folk.
The World's Fair crowds were blown away by their frenetic brand of rock-n-roll. It was a roar of volume and energy complimented with showy antics like tossing their guitars, playing them with their teeth, their toes, behind their backs and heads, and upside down – all without missing a note or beat. It was Hendrix's bag of tricks, minus the burning guitar, ten years before Monterey Pop. Their electrifying act quickly garnered bookings far and wide, including some in Hamburg's notorious Reeperbaum red light district, commencing two years before the Beatles' first stint.
A year later, they would finally be performing as The Tielman Brothers, in Holland and mostly frequently Germany. The year also saw the release their debut single, "Rock Little Baby of Mine," widely considered the first-ever Dutch rock-n-roll record. Around the same time, brothers Andy and Reggy started playing their signature Gibson Les Pauls. It was something that would influence a host of European guitar heroes-to-be including Jan Akkerman. The blistering technician who led Holland's most internationally successful Indorock band, Focus of "Hocus Pocus" fame, Akkerman got turned on to the Tielman's and their Les Pauls at age 12, while watching a performance on German TV.
"Andy's white Les Paul was cool, but seeing Reggy playing his Black Beauty, I knew that was my guitar and I would have to have one someday," says Akkerman. "I had played a Gretsch White Falcon in a bunch of bands since my dad bought it for me in 1963. But I had wait around seven more years or so, until my days in Focus, to finally get a black Les Paul Custom. It was an instrument that became a signature of my sound and the bands through the mid-70s."
The Tielmans stuck with Gibson guitars until the mid-60s when they moved on to Fender Jazzmasters. Lighter axes made their acrobatics easier to perform and became choice for the majority of Indorockers. Interestingly, Andy created a custom 10-string Jazzmaster in order to thicken his sound.
Much of The Tielman Brothers' notoriety came as a result of high octane performances on Dutch and German television, ones that we can enjoy today thanks to YouTube.
On January 23, 1960, Holland was hit with an earthquake of Indorock sound and sight… when The Tielman Brothers appeared on AVRO TV's "Weekend" show.
The slim, sharply dressed brothers kicked off their performance with "Black Eyes." It's a sleepy Santo & Johnny-esque ballad driven by trills and tremolo at first, which then moves onto a stop-time tango beat, and finally, a Gene Vincent/Cliff Gallup-styled rockabilly rave-up to close. Brother Andy was centerstage with his inspired riffing and cool lounge lizard presence – using bends, slides, muted strings and classical-styled tapping to ring harmonics out of his guitar.
This TV performance also included "Rollin Rock," six-minutes of the brothers pulling out all stops on their instrumental Indorock prowess and showbiz schtick. Drummer Loulou played Andy's guitar with his sticks and solos repeatedly. He walked around his kit as he thumped away. Ponthon alternatively runs, rides and slides his big acoustic bass across the stage. Then positioned himself beneath it as he took his solo. Andy swung for the fences as usual – playing his Les Paul with his feet, his teeth and behind his back, the latter while dancing atop Ponthon's bass.
The Tielman's performance also included their radical new single, "18th Century Rock." Could it be they started the whole European classical/prog rock thing with this rockabilly'd-up version of Mozart's "Piano Sonata No. 16 in C Major?" The stodgier segments of Dutch society were not impressed and criticized the band heavily in media. Interestingly, they would go on to enjoy greater success in Germany, Italy, France, Switzerland and Sweden than Holland.
The first Indorock bands I heard in Holland were the Poetiray Brothers, Electric Johnny and his Skyrockets, The Crazy Rockers and the Tielmans with Andy at the helm, who were the best of the lot. What a great talent he was, a genius in his own right who I had the pleasure to see and play with many times. Andy and the Tielmans were more of an influence on me than the Beatles or the Rolling Stones. I put him right up there in my favorites, with Jimi, Django and Julian Bream.
Jan Akkerman
"I remember seeing them one night in the '60s in the Hague at a chic place called Palais de Dance," Akkerman recalled. "What I heard and saw was unbelievable, as it always was. They played high-energy rock-n-roll, romantic ballads and even instrumental covers of tunes from West Side Story. I heard from Andy that when they played at the Star Club in Hamburg, The Beatles would come listen and watch him play his guitar with his teeth!"
The original band of brothers would stay busy, add some new members and release a steady stream of singles and albums until a serious car accident caused two to leave the band in 1964. The band, then with only Andy aboard, scored their biggest hit in The Netherlands with the Hawaiian-inspired vocal ballad, "The Little Bird," which reached #7 in the Dutch Top 40 in 1967.
Even after a move to Australia in his later years and the dissolving of the band in 1979, Andy continued to be a popular performer, returning to Europe to play and record and sometimes re-make his hits until his death in 2011.
"After I left Focus in 1976, Andy came to visit me often and we even recorded an album, R&R, Our First Love, which sadly never got released," adds Akkerman. "A few month before his death, I ran into him at an Indonesian marketplace in the Hague. His daughter was playing violin; she was very good and he was very proud, more proud of that than anything at that moment. Shortly after that, I got the news he was terminally ill, but he kept playing till his last breath. Andy, for me, is still numero uno."
The Tielman Brothers combined the very best of many good things. They boasted the intricate instrumental guitar stylings of The Ventures, The Shadows, Link Wray and Dick Dale, with rockabilly/pre-punk energy, relaxing South Sea islands folk balladry, some Great American songbook croonery, primitive prog rock with their classical interpretations and much more. It was all delivered with the kind of crowdpleasing antics that may obscure the instrumental brilliance at first glance.
As Akkerman relates, The Tielman Brothers were just the tip of the Indorock spear. Some lesser known groups of Dutch/Indonesian musicians slightly preceded them like The Real Room Rockers; and many more followed, including The Crazy Rockers and The Blue Diamonds. They are all well worth the listen.
Also worth a long listen and look is Akkerman's work on the spectacular, new 9-CD,2 DVD Focus 50 Years anthology. This elaborate boxed set collects remastered editions of the band's seven studio albums, plus assorted b-sides, alternative mixes, unreleased outtakes, demos and live and television performances from the Indorock/prog/fusion band's peak years, 1970 -1976.
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Sorry, 'Earth 2.0' Fans, There's No Such Thing As An Earth-Like Exoplanet
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The dream of an 'Earth-like' planet showcases our astrobiological ignorance.
Over the past decade, our understanding of what planets exist around stars other than our own has exploded. The number of known exoplanets has risen from only a few dozen just 10 years ago to more than 4,000 confirmed exoplanets, pioneered by the spectacular success of NASA's Kepler mission. They come in a wide variety of sizes, orbital distances, and around all types of stars; we can finally speak about what's out there with data, rather than mere speculation.
It's brought a number of existential questions into the realm of science among professionals and amateurs alike. When will we find our first inhabited planet beyond the Solar System? Are any potentially habitable by humans? And which planets, in which solar systems, are the most Earth-like? But the more we learn, the more one outcome becomes clear: asking how 'Earth-like' an exoplanet is the wrong question to be asking. The Universe is fascinating, varied, and diverse, and the best place for life might not be like Earth in any way we traditionally imagine.
The exoplanet Kepler-452b (R), as compared with Earth (L), a possible candidate for Earth 2.0. Looking at worlds that are similar to Earth is a compelling place to start, but it might not be the most likely place to actually find life in the galaxy or the Universe at large. (NASA/AMES/JPL-CALTECH/T. PYLE)
When we look around the Solar System at the planets, moons, and other worlds that surround us, it's pretty clear that Earth is something special. For some reason — likely for a myriad of reasons — Earth is the only world we know of where life arose, sustained, thrived, transformed the biosphere, and became complex, intelligent, and technologically advanced. When scientists say they're looking for 'Earth 2.0' or an 'Earth-like' exoplanet, they're looking for conditions that are similar to the ones that we were fortunate enough to experience.
But there's an implicit bias built into that way of thinking. We assume that the conditions that Earth experienced (and continues to experience) are the ones most conducive to the outcome we desire. But as we learn more and more about the Universe, we have every reason to challenge this assumption. Here are five ways this might manifest.
An illustration of NASA's TESS satellite and its capabilities of imaging transiting exoplanets. Kepler has given us more exoplanets than any other mission, but TESS has pushed us over the 4,000 mark. We are now using TESS to identify Earth-sized, potentially habitable candidates suitable for direct imaging and transit spectroscopy by James Webb and beyond. (NASA)
1.) Size of the planet. Earth-sized is just right, isn't it? If we're too large, we'll hang onto a massive hydrogen and helium envelope (like Neptune or Uranus); if we're too small, we won't be able to hold onto our atmosphere very well at all (like Mars or Mercury). Therefore, Earth-sized is the way to go, isn't it?
Only, Saturn's moon Titan is smaller than Mars, but holds onto a thicker atmosphere than even Earth. Venus, smaller and less massive than Earth, has 90 times the atmospheric pressure at its surface than we have. And Europa, Jupiter's large waterworld of a moon, may have the perfect conditions for subsurface, oceanic life. These examples, even restricted to our own Solar System, remind us that the possibility for life exists on many worlds of many varying sizes, and that being 'Earth-sized' is not a special property.
The 21 Kepler planets discovered in the habitable zones of their stars, no larger than twice the Earth's diameter. Most of these worlds orbit red dwarfs, closer to the "bottom" of the graph, and are likely not Earth-like in the traditional sense. However, planets outside the traditional habitable zone may yet turn out to be inhabited. (NASA AMES/N. BATALHA AND W. STENZEL)
2.) The idea of a 'habitable zone.' If you have a planet the size of Earth with an atmosphere like Earth's, what's the right location from your parent star to have the right temperature to admit liquid water on your surface? The answer to that question, arbitrary as it is, is how we arrived at the definition we commonly see used in diagrams for the 'habitable zone.'
But the fact of the matter is that a planet at a much larger distance from its star could have a thicker atmosphere that led to temperate conditions. A planet with a much lower albedo or with specific cloud-cover properties could be closer to its parent star and still have temperate conditions. Hotter planets could have life thriving in their upper atmospheres; colder planets could have life thriving beneath a surface of ice. The 'habitable zone' is a biased place to start, and science has progressed to the point where this naive definition is no longer useful.
The classification system of stars by color and magnitude is very useful. By surveying our local region of the Universe, we find that only 5% of stars are as massive (or more) than our Sun is. It is thousands of times as luminous as the dimmest red dwarf star, but the most massive O-stars are millions of times as luminous as our Sun. About 20% of the total population of stars out there fall into the F, G, or K classes. (KIEFF/LUCASVB OF WIKIMEDIA COMMONS / E. SIEGEL)
3.) The need for a Sun-like star. The vast majority of stars in the Universe are red dwarf stars: low-mass stars that burn through their fuel stably and slowly, while only about 20% of all stars will share the fate of the Sun: burning for billions of years, becoming a red giant, and ending their life as a planetary nebula. While some (mostly at the low end of the mass range) red dwarf stars flare, and most planets orbiting red dwarfs will be tidally locked, those conditions aren't necessarily prohibitive for life.
There's a real risk of throwing out the proverbial baby with the bath water here. Yes, life is likely impossible in some red dwarf systems, but until we actually take a census of these abundant planetary systems and measure the properties of these worlds and — if they have them — their atmospheres, we cannot responsibly conclude that life isn't abundant on many of them.
While the Snowball Earth scenario may be controversial, it is the details that are in doubt, not the overall effect that in the distant past, tropical latitudes were largely covered in ice. The Huronian Glaciation may have been the greatest mass extinction in Earth's history, while a more recent glaciation, occurring some 600–700 million years ago, may have paved the way for the Cambrian explosion. Earth's biosphere plays a regulatory role in determining our planet's temperature, but exoplanet biofeedbacks are entirely unknown. (KEVIN GILL / FLICKR)
4.) Does life self-regulate its biosphere? This is another key question that we don't have a sufficient answer to: can a planet that would become uninhabitable due to physical and chemical processes alone actually be transformed to remain habitable over long astronomical timescales by the presence of early, simple life?
We know that there are many feedback mechanisms here on Earth, and that large external changes in, say, energy inputs might only translate to small changes within our biosphere. Does the presence of early life on a planet, when perhaps conditions are friendlier for it to arise, hold the key to unlocking the long-term stability of life on a planet? If so, we won't be able to fundamentally understand what makes a planet potentially habitable (much less long-term inhabited) until we have a better understanding of this issue.
The relationship between where stars are located in the Milky Way and their metallicity, or the presence of heavy elements. Stars within about 3000 light years of the central disk of the Milky Way, over a distance range of tens of thousands of light years, have extremely Solar System-like abundances of heavy elements. But it's plausible that stars with either richer or poorer heavy element abundances could be even more favorable for life. (ZELJKO IVEZIC/UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON/SDSS-II COLLABORATION)
5.) Do metals really matter? For the very first generation of stars, there was only hydrogen and helium to make them out of. In our Solar System, about 1–2% of the total mass of everything in it is made of heavier elements (like oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and other essential elements for life). Stars without sufficient heavy elements cannot produce rocky planets and the raw molecules required to give rise to life.
But where does the line get drawn? Could a solar system with half the heavy elements of our own produce a planet with life and organics? Could one with 10%? How about 1%? What about, in the other direction, 500%? Whenever we have a sample size of 1, we have no idea whether we've gotten lucky, or whether we're a typical example of the greatest odds of success. These are just some of the open questions that keep us from having a useful definition of what 'Earth-like' truly implies.
There are a great variety of stars with known exoplanets within 25 light years of the Sun, and missions like K2 and TESS will only find more. Barnard's star, the second closest system to our own, has a super-Earth world orbiting it. (NASA/GODDARD/ADLER/U. CHICAGO/WESLEYAN)
The uncomfortable fact is that the Universe really is playing a numbers game with us. When we look out at the Universe, it's true: there are somewhere around ~10 billion Earth-sized planets in our Milky Way alone that orbit stars in what we've traditionally called the habitable zone around stars that are similar in mass and temperature to our Sun. A substantial fraction have similar fractions of heavy elements to our own Solar System as well, indicating that these types of exoplanets — which we might be tempted to call candidates for 'Earth 2.0' — really are abundant.
But there are many, many other types of exoplanets that don't meet all of these criteria, many of which are far more abundant in number than the ones we'd naively describe as being like our own planet. Looking for an 'Earth-like' planet might cause us to miss out on many or even most of the planets in the galaxy where life actually has taken hold and thrived.
This artist's impression displays the star TRAPPIST-1, located approximately 40 light-years away, and its planets reflected in a surface. The potential for water on each of the worlds is also represented by the frost, water pools, and steam surrounding the scene. However, it is unknown whether any of these worlds actually still possess atmospheres, or if they've been blown away by their parent star. One thing is certain, however: we won't know whether they're inhabited or not unless we examine their properties in depth for ourselves, and that requires observatories beyond what we presently have at our disposal. (NASA/R. HURT/T. PYLE)
Instead, a far superior approach is to look at everything we're capable of looking at, and keeping an open mind about what we might find. Sure, it's easy to make the argument that:
life works really well here on Earth,
so these conditions must at least allow the possibility that worlds with similar conditions to Earth could also have life,
so let's look there first, in the infancy of our search for life on exoplanets.
It's exactly this kind of thinking that would ensure we'd get biased results in whatever search we'd perform. If we decide, before we ever look, that life cannot exist around red dwarfs, that exoplanets or exomoons of the wrong size or orbit could never harbor life, or that stars with a dearth of heavy elements couldn't have life-sustaining planets, we run the risk of not only missing many instances of life in the Universe, but the overwhelming majority of inhabited planets.
Although more than 4,000 confirmed exoplanets are known, with more than half of them uncovered by Kepler, finding a Mercury-like world around a star like our Sun is well beyond the capabilities of our current planet-finding technology. As viewed by Kepler, Mercury would appear to be 1/285th the size of the Sun, making it even more difficult than the 1/194th size we see from Earth's point of view. (NASA/AMES RESEARCH CENTER/JESSIE DOTSON AND WENDY STENZEL; MISSING EARTH-LIKE WORLDS BY E. SIEGEL)
The fact of the matter is that nearly 80% of the stars in the galaxy are these low-mass, red dwarf stars. There are very likely to be more Mars-sized or Mercury-sized worlds than Earth-sized worlds. There are likely a myriad of atmospheric conditions that could admit life at a variety of orbital distances. There may even be more large-sized exomoons — particularly around gas-rich, massive exoplanets — than there are terrestrial-sized exoplanets.
It's so tempting to assume that if we have one example of success (Earth), we should search for examples that emulate the known success. But that's not the proper scientific approach; the proper approach is to search for as many plausible worlds as possible that include, but aren't restricted to, planets with the same conditions that Earth possesses. It's eminently possible that most planets with similar conditions to Earth aren't life-friendly at all, while many planets with conditions different from ours may even be more successful for life. Until measurements reveal the answer, it would be premature to think that 'Earth-like' has any scientific meaning beyond our own assumed biases.
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'I hope he doesn't feel too lonely' — COVID-19 hits people with intellectual disabilities hard
Prior to COVID-19, 45% of people with intellectual disabilities reported feeling lonely.


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Travelling to Ushuaia (Argentina) is one of the must visit destination for a Globe Trotter. This place is also known as The End of the World. The gateway to Antarctica the seventy continent opens hear with ship departures from November – March every year. A journey of 3 ½ hour by flight from Buenos Aires take you to Ushuaia in Patagonia region of Antartica.
A must do is visit to Tierra Del Fuego National park about 12 Kms from the city. As I reached the National Park was surprised with passion of travellers who stayed there in small tents on forest ground and preparing own food as adventure when temperature is below 5ºC.
There are defined routes to walk in the national park. We chose the shortest route of 2 hours walk to "BAHIA LAPATAIA – The End of the World". The walk was on a muddy road with Forest, Lakes and Mountains. The nature was at its best.
The park is surrounded by nature and I was eager to reach to my picture postcard destination. I was surprised to find couples of above 70 yrs age walking on our route and they were in Ushuaia for an adventure trip to Antarctica. A salute to their passion which shows you are never too old for adventure and world tour. As I reached the landmark I was refreshed as I was standing on the iconic place – "End of the World" and next day was ship departure to "Antarctica – The wildest, windiest and coldest place on Earth".


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from Trieste, Italy
August 20, 1939 (age 82)
Trumpeter and composer Enrico Rava is considered the grand master of Italian jazz. Always engaged in the most diverse and stimulating musical experiences, he crisscrosses styles from avant-garde and jazz-funk to hard bop, modal, and folk-jazz with trademark lyricism and elegant phrasing. Rava appeared on the European jazz scene in the early '60s, quickly establishing himself as a soloist. He emigrated to New York in 1967 and began working with luminaries such as Cecil Taylor, Carla Bley, Roswell Rudd, and Charlie Haden. Katcharpari, his 1973 debut album, offered a fresh take on jazz fusion. 1975's classic, expansive The Pilgrim and the Stars and 1978's Enrico Rava Quartet were both issued by ECM, but he has recorded for dozens of labels. 1995's Carmen offered a poignant jazz interpretation of arias from the opera. Since releasing 1999's Rava Plays Rava in duo with Italian pianist Stefano Bollani, the pair have continued touring and recording together. 2004's Easy Living hit the Top Ten on the jazz charts and remained there for six months. In 2012, he released On the Dance Floor, a musical tribute to Michael Jackson. In 2019, he issued Roma, co-leading a quintet with Joe Lovano. That year he also played the Middleheim Jazz Festival with a sextet of younger players, reinterpreting Rava's vintage material. It was released in 2021 as Edizione Speciale.
Rava was born in 1939. He began playing Dixieland trombone in Turin, but after hearing Miles Davis while in high school, he switched instruments and embraced the trumpet and hard bop. He also met Gato Barbieri in 1961, and by 1962 he was recording soundtrack sessions with him. Rava also met and befriended trumpeter Chet Baker during this period; the American trumpeter was working in Italy at the time. He began to play sessions with Steve Lacy and also teamed up with South African expatriates Louis Moholo and John Dyani and recorded The Forest and the Zoo (ESP) live in Argentina.
In 1967, he moved to New York, playing with Roswell Rudd, Marion Brown, Rashied Ali, Cecil Taylor, and Charlie Haden. In a brief return to Europe, Rava recorded with Lee Konitz (Stereokonitz, RCA) and Manfred Schoof (European Echoes, FMP). From 1969 to 1976, he was back in New York, recording Escalator Over the Hill with Carla Bley's Jazz Composers' Orchestra. After his first album as a leader, Il Giro del Giorno in 80 Mondi (Black Saint), he began to lead his own pianoless quartets and quintets. His recorded output includes over 100 records, and over 30 as a leader.
ECM issued some of his seminal recordings during the '70s, like The Pilgrim and the Stars, The Plot, and Enrico Rava Quartet, while Soul Note and Label Bleu published CDs by his innovative Electric Five (in reality a sextet, as he always excludes himself from the count), which includes two electric guitars. With keyboard master Franco D'Andrea and trumpeter Paolo Fresu, Rava recorded Bix and Pop (Philology) and Shades of Chet, tributes to Bix Beiderbecke and Armstrong, and to Chet Baker, respectively. Also of note are Rava, L'opera Va and Carmen, gorgeous readings of opera arias. In 2001, he created a new quintet with young talents Gianluca Petrella, Stefano Bollani, Rosario Bonaccorso, and Roberto Gatto, and toured with old friends Roswell Rudd and Gato Barbieri, releasing Easy Living with them in 2004 on ECM. Three years later, after Bollani, who had struck out as a solo player, was replaced by Andrea Pozza, The Words and the Days came out. In 2007, Rava and pianist Stefano Bollani released The Third Man on ECM. Rava followed the release in 2009 with New York Days, a collection of moody originals with a film noir tinge, backed by a band that included Bollani, tenor saxophonist Mark Turner, bassist Larry Grenadier, and drummer Paul Motian. Rava broke in a new all-Italian quintet for Tribe, which was issued by ECM in the fall of 2011. Its members included trombonist Gianluca Petrella, pianist Giovanni Guidi, bassist Gabriele Evangelista, and drummer Fabrizio Sferra. Guitarist Giacomo Ancillotto also guested on the set, expanding the lineup on various selections. Rava made a wide left turn for 2012's On the Dance Floor. Amazingly, the trumpeter only became aware of pop singer Michael Jackson's music after his death, and he was obsessed with it. The album, his tribute to what he considers the late singer's contribution to 20th century music, was recorded with Parco della Musica Jazz Lab at the Rome Auditorium; it is entirely comprised of Jackson's material. In 2019, he appeared alongside saxophonist Joe Lovano on the live ECM date Roma.
That same summer Rava, long a mentor for generations of Italian players, performed at the Middelheim Jazz Festival in Antwerp with six younger musicians who acknowledged him as a primary influence. They included tenor saxophonist Francesco Bearzatti, pianist Giovanni Guidi, guitarist Francesco Diodati, double bassist Gabriele Evangelista, and drummer Enrico Morello. Their concert repertoire included material from Rava's earlier recordings, as well as a rendition of Michel Legrand's "Once Upon a Summertime" and the Cuban folk song "Quizás, Quizás, Quizás." The group's performance netted a ten-minute standing ovation from the capacity crowd. A document of the concert was released by ECM as Edizione Speciale in 2021. ~ Francesco Martinelli, Rovi
Avarando
Senza Fine
The Pilgrim And The Stars
Edizione Speciale [Live]
Wild Dance
On The Dance Floor [Live]
The Complete Remastered Recordings on Black Saint and Soul Note
New York Days
The Words And The Days
Enrico Rava Quartet ... @ Jazz Melomani 2014 [HD]
Enrico Rava – Italian Ballads (1997 - Album)
Infant (Live / Single Edit)
Enrico Rava Quartet - Rai station, Turin, Italy, 1976
Interiors (Live)
Le solite cose - Enrico Rava & Stefano Bollani
Enrico Rava - E Penso a Te (What a Day)


The Good Wife (9:30 p.m., CBS) - Alicia and Lucca help Louis Canning defend a website against a racial profiling accusation.
The Walking Dead (9 p.m., AMC) - Now that we know Glenn is alive (for now), we can all get on with our lives. But in Alexandria, there's more trouble.
A Salute to Downton Abbey (9 p.m., UNC-TV) - Clips from the series and interviews with creator Julian Fellowes and the cast.
Quantico (10 p.m., ABC) - The agents must look through serial killer cases and find the victim that doesn't fit the profile.


The Z622-3-SS cabinet pull is part of the Cliffside Choice value collection, made from solid zinc and finished in Silver Satin. Measures 3" on-center and 4.63" overall length. This item is not surface mounted.
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