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Should companies exploit the labor to maximize their profits?
Some/one may argue that businesses exist for the sole purpose of making a profit and thus it is not uncommon for people to hear stories of companies that exploit their workers all in favor of maximizing their profits.according to Wikipedia, exploitation of labor is define as an act of treating a worker unfairly for their own beneficial purposes. according to premium writing service, an increase in the hourly wage rate also increases fixed costs thus reduces the number of hours required for one to work and the employment rate. therefore, imposing a per-worker tax will make employers higher few staff and also extend the hours to some of the existing workers. the summery from Forbes companies exploit labor because a company needs more workers, and to get those workers, a business will need to outbid its competitors. this greed means that if wages are less than the market value of the labor those workers provide, some company will offer a better pay so it can exploit those workers a little bit less.
cases of human trafficking for labor exploitation and forces labor have been founded in countries es like Australia, Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, India, Nepal, Nigeria, Philippines, Thailand, even from Maldives and also even in The-united state, from variety of employment sectors such as agriculture, contraction, hospitality, manufacturing, nursing, teaching tourism etc..
Forced labor and human trafficking for labor exploitation are pervasive issues in India. Forced labor and debt bondage are widespread within the country: men, women, and children are held in debt bondage (sometimes inherited from previous generations) and forced to work in a variety of industries including brick kilns, carpet weaving, embroidery and textile manufacturing, mining, and agriculture. Some Bangladeshi and Nepali migrants are subjected to forced labor in India through
recruitment fraud and debt bondage.Indian workers also migrate for work abroad,
A significant number Bangladeshis, primarily young men, are recruited for work overseas through fraudulent employment promises but are later subjected to exploitative conditions of labor through forced labor or debt bondage.
They are many more such cases we face from this small country (Maldives) also;
Maldives, once a very poor country, acquired wealth in recent decades through international tourism and tuna fish exports. As wealth grew, more and more Maldivians stopped working and imported laborers from Bangladesh, India and Sri- Lanka. Discrimination, even hatred, of foreign labor became widespread.
Exploitation of foreign workers rivals fishing as the second most profitable sector of the Maldivian economy after tourism, according to conservative estimates of the number of Bangladeshi workers showing up at their commission in Male' after being abandoned at the airport by unscrupulous employment agents.
Unskilled Bangladeshi job-seekers pay $ 2,500-3,000 to the brokers who paint a promising picture of employment in the Maldives. Bangladeshi brokers collude with Maldivian agents to facilitate fraudulent recruitment and forced labor. The workers are particularly vulnerable to exploitation. On arrival their passports and documents are often seized by the agents and they are forced to work in arduous conditions.
Expatriate laborers, mostly Bangladeshis, constitute a significant part of the population. They are mostly unskilled and forced to work over 14 hours a day in the construction industry and the service sector. They get the lowest wage of $ 100-150 per month, which is usually not paid regularly.
Construction of high-rise buildings in Malé and of luxurious over water bungalows and pavilions in the island resorts ignore safety precautions and is extremely hazardous. Workers' deaths are commonplace.
Maldivians have moved from other inhabited islands to settle in Malé, only two kilometers wide, making it the most congested capital in the world. The cost of living is sky-high, employment opportunities are limited and education is of dubious quality. The numerous youth of the tiny capital are largely unlettered. With inadequate opportunities for fruitful jobs, many form organised gangs of brown-sugar addicts. Riding their motor bikes precariously through narrow roads and armed with knives they often target migrant workers to extract money for drugs.
In 2013, Maldives narrowly escaped relegation to Tier 3 Watch List and international sanctions by US Department of State by quickly enacting Anti-Human Trafficking Act regarding transparent recruitment procedure; unjust dismissal; unpaid wages; breach of contract and violation of employment rights.
But the government failed to implement the enacted laws and the situation has not improved. The workers remain the most vulnerable section of the society and are virtually "owned" by their employers. The result increasing the violence between the co-workers and loss the trust each others.
In 2015, a group of youths entered a cafe and demanded free coffee from Shaheen Mia, a Bangladeshi worker. As he was not the owner, he explained that he had no permission to serve free coffee. Thereupon the gang damaged the cafe and threatened him. He apprised the police of the incident but no action was taken, and the next day his body was found; he had been brutally stabbed to death. Two days later, another Bangladeshi was found dead in Thoddo island and two more were stabbed in the capital.
These murders and stabbings sent panic among the Bangladeshis. Some doing sub-human, manual labor in the high-end resorts decided to protest against their deplorable treatment. The government banned the protest, threatening deportation without salary.
Also in 2015, a Bangladeshi by the name of Bassan died in a horrifying way. His face was smashed and his body mutilated. No one was arrested despite evidence implicating a Maldivian. Subsequently, two workers were kidnapped, robbed and brutally beaten in an employment agency. Is it surprising that the workers are terrified of their employers? They are many more such cases other than these we faces and heard every year, such kinds cases are increasing day by day.
Despite suffering such harassment, many workers cannot leave to return home due to outstanding debts to their brokers and fears of reprisal.
from the minivan news articles they wrote, Former Bangladeshi High Commissioner to the Maldives, Professor Selina Mohsin, given interview to Minivan News (posted the article and publish 17th august 2010) and she shared the information that every day 40 Bangladeshi nationals were turning up at reception, "having come to the Maldives and found they have nothing to do. So naturally they come here to the High Commission." Most of the stranded workers were recruited in rural areas of Bangladesh by local brokers, who would work alongside a Maldivian counterpart. In the article she was said that "The Bangladeshi counterpart charges the worker a minimum of $2000, but it goes up to $4000. This money is collected by the counterpart and divided. And also he said "Many workers sell their land, their property, even their homesteads – putting their wives in a relative's house – and come here for employment they have been told will fetch them between $300-400 a month. But when they arrive, they find they have no employment." In some cases workers are collected from the airport by the brokers and have their passports confiscated before being dumped on the streets of Male', Professor Mohsin explains. Typically the worker arrives with a local mobile phone number – inevitably disconnected – and does not know the name of the broker. she said some by doing any can sometimes own $70-80 a month. In the article mentioned In its 2010 Human Trafficking report – published less than a month after the Maldives was given a seat on the UN Human Rights Council – the State Department estimated that half the Bangladeshis in the Maldives had arrived illegally "and most of these workers are probably victims of trafficking". In the article write Professor Mohsin was said she was at a loss to describe the abysmal treatment of Bangladeshi workers in the Maldives, given the centuries of close cultural association between the two countries. "Historically things like tobacco smoking and rice eating were all learned from Bengal, because the Maldives had nothing but cowry shells," Professor Mohsin says. "That was the Maldives' only export – what would traders bring back in return? Rice, textiles, tobacco, wood… one of the country's rulers was even a Bengali princess.
At the end of the article they wrote "they also find it very painful now that a Maldivian coming from such a tiny country, and dependent on others for food, can look down on Bangladeshi workers who are doing all the menial work that no Maldivian will do. Why have they changed suddenly? What is this ethos that allows the country to employ workers from other countries and treat them so badly?
By reading many related articles, reports, i must say Exploitation can actually harm profit. If workers feel as though they are being exploited for the mere profit of the company they work for, this can ruin motivation, pride in the company that they work for, destroy morale and harm incentive to a great degree. The result of this is are poorer goods, poorer services and so on and so forth which can have the knock on effect of damaging business and therefore profit. finally some were go for violence.
It is easy to blame the disenfranchised. It is easy to dehumanize the weakest living on the edge of society. This is the sad truth about the tourist paradise Maldives. Corruption is rife, the judiciary compromised and the constitution ignored. Violence is common and fighting among political parties rampant as Maldives increasingly veers towards a failed state.
https://minivannewsarchive.com/society/exploitation-of-bangladeshi-workers-worth-hundreds-of-millions-says-former-high-commissioner-10365
https://accountabilityhub.org/countries/
https://www.equaltimes.org/the-many-faces-of-labour#.XZD3JUZKjIU
https://paperap.com/paper-on-exploitation-of-workers-causes-and-solutions-2/


To help you get ready for what we all hope will be a hot and glorious summer, PNY is teaming up with HEXUS to give all our readers the chance to win one of five Mobility Kits.
Whether you're on the road or in the air, each Mobility Kit has accessories that are ideal for users who are always on the go. Contents include a Wireless SD Card Reader worth £80, a CL51 PowerPack worth £20, a USB Dual Car Charger worth £9 and a 16GB Performance SD Card worth £10.
Hint: You can find the correct answer at pny-europe.com.
The competition winner will be picked at random from all eligible entries that arrive by midnight of the closing date, July 9, 2014.
The winners will be notified via email by July 17, 2014. The winner must claim their prize within 7 days of the promoter sending notification. If the prize is unclaimed after this time, HEXUS reserves the right to offer the unclaimed prize to a substitute winner selected in accordance with these rules.
Sounds like a good prize right there, I have one of their older power-bricks with a brushed aluminium casing and it has gone well beyond my expectations, so this is sure to be an excellent givaway!


Ford Motor Company and Gulf have joined hands to celebrate the 50th anniversary of its first Le Mans win with the introduction of the new Ford GT '68 Heritage Edition for 2019 and 2020. The special car features a Heritage Blue with Heritage Orange paint scheme to honour the Gulf Oil-sponsored Ford GT40 chassis #1075, which won two consecutive 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1968 and 1969.
Gulf is the first company in the oil industry to open a drive-in fuel station. It's also the first time that a company from the oil industry has partnered with a global Vehicle Manufacturer to produce a road-legal production car.
The Ford GT '68 Heritage Edition was launched at the Rolex Historic Reunion event at the Laguna Seca raceway in California by Ford's Joe Hinrichs and Gulf's Ravi Chawla.
The Ford GT '68 Heritage edition comes with optional exposed carbon a-pillar and roundel with #9 graphics on both the hood and doors. The car gets a high gloss dark stainless 20-inch one-piece forged aluminum wheels with black lug nuts. The special car also gets orange calipers and sliver rear-view mirror caps. The interior gets Ebony Alcantara upholstery with contrasting blue and orange stitching. The car also gets polished anodized paddle shifters.


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Dream About Black Widow – Spiritual And Biblical Meaning
MEANING OF DREAMING OF A BLACK WIDOW
THE BLACK WIDOW AS A LOVE INTEREST IN A DREAM
MEANING OF THE BLACK WIDOW AS A PREDATOR.
The black widow is the name of a fictional comic book character, as well as several real species of spiders. The black widow has recently gained popularity thanks to the Marvel Spider-Woman character of the same name. However, there is no "Spider-Woman" that we know of from any other comic book company; only fictional characters who happen to have that name.
The Black Widow spider is known for its hourglass-shaped red marking on its yellowish abdomen. They are also known for their habit of preying on their mates after they have finished mating with them. This kind of behavior is what inspired Marvel's Black Widow character in her day, when she was a red-haired spy named Natalia Romanova instead of a purple-haired spider-powered superhero named Adia.
If you dream of a black widow, it may be a sign that you feel emotionally trapped in some relationship or situation. Feelings of inadequacy, fear, and isolation may be weighing on you. You may also feel restricted by someone who has power over you, such as a loved one who is sick and dependent on you. If you are a woman who dreams of a black widow, it can indicate that someone has been mistreating you, perhaps without you realizing it. On the other hand, a dream with a black widow can indicate that you are mistreating someone. If you dream that you see a black widow, it may be a sign that you feel unappreciated or neglected. You may feel like people are taking advantage of you, or that you don't get the respect you deserve.
Black Widow like scary dream
If you are terrified of seeing a black widow in your dream, you may be feeling overwhelmed with responsibilities. If you dream that a black widow bites you, you may feel trapped by a situation or relationship. It is also possible that someone is trying to control or manipulate you. If you dream that you kill a black widow, you may be ready to overcome a fear or phobia. You may also feel prepared to stand up for yourself and assert autonomy from her.
If you dream of a black widow as a potential love interest, you may be worried about getting too close to someone. You may be trying to protect yourself from being hurt. It is also possible that you are attracted to someone who does not give you any indication that they are interested in you. Dreams about love interests often refer to the qualities we want in a partner. They do not necessarily refer to real people we know.
Additional Reading: Dream About Toads And Frogs – Spiritual And Biblical Meaning
If you dream of a black widow, it can indicate that someone has been mistreating you, perhaps without you realizing it. Alternatively, a dream with a black widow can indicate that you are mistreating someone. If you dream that you see a black widow, it may be a sign that you feel unappreciated or abandoned. You may feel like people are taking advantage of you, or that you don't get the respect you deserve. If you dream that you kill a black widow, you may be willing to overcome a fear or phobia. You may also feel ready to stand up for yourself and assert your autonomy.
If you dream that a black widow is trapped or dies, it can indicate that you have finally managed to break free from a bad situation or relationship. It can also indicate that a bad situation or relationship is coming to an end.
If you dream of a black widow, it may be a sign that you feel emotionally trapped in some relationship or situation. Feelings of inadequacy, fear, and isolation may be weighing on you. You may also feel restricted by someone who has power over you, such as a loved one who is sick and depends on you.
Also Read About: Dream About Throwing Up – Spiritual And Biblical Meaning
If you are a woman who dreams of a black widow, it can indicate that someone has been mistreating you, perhaps without you realizing it. On the other hand, a dream with a black widow can indicate that you are mistreating someone. If you dream that you see a black widow, it may be a sign that you feel unappreciated or neglected. You may feel like people are taking advantage of you, or that you don't get the respect you deserve. If you dream that you kill a black widow, you may be willing to overcome a fear or phobia. You may also feel ready to stand up for yourself and assert your autonomy.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What's being planned in your street?
P/15/0167/2 Applicant Martin High School. Martin High School Link Road Anstey Leicestershire LE7 7EB. Erection of sports hall and extension to car parking area.
P/15/0187/2 Applicant Mr M Ventola. 190A Cropston Road Anstey Leicestershire LE7 7BN. Erection of replacement extension to side and rear of dwelling.
P/15/0257/2 Applicant Fisher German. Barkby United Cricket Club Beeby Road Barkby Leicestershire. Remove 1 Horse Chestnut tree (Conservation Area Notice).
P/15/0236/2 Applicant Mr Mike Atkins. 18 Brookside Barkby Leicestershire LE7 3QD . Application of external insulation and white render to white brick section of dwelling.
P/15/0235/2 Applicant Telefonica UK Ltd and Voadfone Ltd. o/s Seagrave Nurseries Melton Road Barrow Upon Soar Leicestershire LE12 8NX. Installation of telecommunications mast and antenna and associated works.
P/15/0272/2 Applicant Mr J Anand. 6 Station Road Birstall Leicestershire LE4 3BA. Raising of roof, formation of first floor and extensions to front, sides and rear of building to form two storey dwelling.
P/15/0277/2 Applicant Mrs A Sharpe. 102 Fielding Road Birstall Leicestershire LE4 3AN. Amendment to application P/14/0403/2 for alterations to roof.
P/15/0261/2 Applicant Mr Michael Gurney. 30 Sycamore Road Birstall Leicestershire LE4 4LT. Erection of a single storey extension to side of dwelling.
P/14/2492/2 Applicant Mr D Pick. 5 Squires Ride East Goscote Leicestershire LE7 3SX. Erection of two-storey side extension. (Revised scheme P/14/0699/2 refers).
P/15/0290/2 Applicant Openreach. pp 10 Wide Street Hathern Leicestershire LE12 5JH. Installation of 1 DSLAM equipment cabinet PCP009EO. (GPDO) .
P/15/0307/2 Applicant Mr Richard Warrington. Land adjacent to 122 Sharpley Road Loughborough. Discharge of Conditions 2 & 5 of P/10/2464/2. Boundary treatments. Materials.
P/15/0292/2 Applicant CTIL and Telefonica UK Ltd. opp Charnwood College Thorpe Hill Loughborough Leicestershire. Telecommunications pole and antennas and associated equipment.
P/15/0242/2 Applicant Mr & Mrs D Vermaak. 18 Berkeley Road Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3SJ. Erection of single storey extension to rear of dwelling.
P/15/0294/2 Applicant Mrs Sharon Shephard. 142 Derby Road Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 5HL. The erection of a single storey rear extension extending beyond the rear wall of the original house by 4.860m, with a maximum height of 3.234m, and height to the eaves of 2.760m.
P/15/0283/2 Applicant Charnwood Borough Council. Town Hall Market Place Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3EB. Installation of three wall mounted planting boxes. (Listed Building Consent).
P/15/0270/2 Applicant Mrs Tessa Bes. 5 Laneshaw Avenue Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 4NT. Erection of two and single storey extnesions to side of dwelling.
P/15/0263/2 Applicant Mr Nick Maker. 25 Pantain Road Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3LZ. Erection of a single storey extension to rear and roof terrace over to dwelling.
P/15/0196/2 Applicant Mr F Farzin Nia. 9C Market Street Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3EP. Discharge of Conditions 3 & 4 of P/14/0644/2. Materials. Ground surface treatment.
P/15/0238/2 Applicant Central England Co-operative Ltd. The Maltings Knightthorpe Road Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 4JX. Display of 5 fascia signs and 2 other signs.
P/15/0230/2 Applicant Mr Tim Aston. 20 Pleasant Close Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 5BF. Erection of a single storey extension to rear and side of dwelling.
P/15/0198/2 Applicant Mr & Mrs Paul and Liz Clark. 25 Gladstone Avenue Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 1NP. Erection of single storey extension to side of dwelling.
P/15/0199/2 Applicant Glencoe Homes Ltd. 18, 18A & 18B Snells Nook Lane Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3YA. Discharge of Conditions 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 & 17 of P/12/1196/2.
P/15/0141/2 Applicant Alpine House Surgery. 86 Rothley Road Mountsorrel Leicestershire LE12 7JU. Erection of single storey extension to rear, porch to front and demolition of garage to provide additonal parking.
P/15/0075/2 Applicant Miss Sarah Hainsworth. 46 Roecliffe Road Newtown Linford Leicestershire LE12 8TN. Erection of single storey extension and pitched roof to dormer to front, two storey extension and alterations to roof to rear, and extension to raised patio to rear of dwelling.
P/15/0284/2 Applicant Mr Andrew Simpson. 32 Queniborough Road Queniborough Leicestershire LE7 3DG. Erection of outbuilding to rear of dwelling (Retrospective application).
P/15/0262/2 Applicant Mr Nick Morton. 47 Syston Road Queniborough Leicestershire LE7 3FX. Erection of a two storey extension to rear and porch to front of dwelling.
P/15/0252/2 Applicant Mr Brian Cooper. 4 Chapel Close Queniborough Leicestershire LE7 3AE. Erection of 0.45m trellis above 1.8m high fencing to rear of dwelling. (Retrospective application).
P/15/0304/2 Applicant Mr & Mrs G Smith. 88 Chaveney Road Quorn Leicestershire LE12 8AD. Discharge of Conditions 3 and 8 of P/14/1775/2. Tree protection. Garage foundation details.
P/15/0276/2 Applicant Mr Jamie Gibbins. 5 The Old Glebe Quorn Leicestershire LE12 8LB. Erection of an extension linking garage and dwelling.
P/15/0253/2 Applicant Mr Alan Watt. 66 Loughborough Road Quorn Leicestershire LE12 8DX. Erection of single storey extension to rear of dwelling.
P/15/0260/2 Applicant Mr Sean Lander. 3 Station Road Rearsby Leicestershire LE7 4YX. Erection of a single storey extension to side and two storey extension to other side and decking to rear of dwelling.
P/15/0285/2 Applicant Mrs Nina Young. Draycott House 17 Anthony Street Rothley Leicestershire LE7 7PA. Felling of 1 Prunus tree (Conservation Area Notice).
P/15/0231/2 Applicant Ms Debby Doyle. 10 Woodgate Rothley Leicestershire LE7 7LJ. Retention of up to 1.6m high timber fence.
P/15/0255/2 Applicant Ms G Rumbold. The Croft 26 Swan Street Seagrave Leicestershire LE12 7NL. Conversion of barn to dwelling. (Listed Building Consent).
P/15/0225/2 Applicant Ms G Rumbold. The Croft 26 Swan Street Seagrave Leicestershire LE12 7NL. Conversion of barn to dwelling.
P/15/0220/2 Applicant Mr & Mrs N Walker. Willow Grange Paudy Lane Seagrave Leicestershire LE12 8GU. Erection of outbuilding.
P/15/0258/2 Applicant Mr & Mrs C Snaith. 77 Trueway Drive Shepshed Leicestershire LE12 9HG. Erection of a single storey extension to side and rear of dwelling.
P/15/0278/2 Applicant Mr J Sykes. 40 Grange Road Shepshed Loughborough LE12 9LL. Amendment to application P/12/1994/2 to erect carport in pace of two storey extension.
P/15/0244/2 Applicant Mr & Mrs M Whitaker. 10 Butler Way Sileby Leicestershire LE12 7GR. Erection of single storey extension to side of dwelling.
P/15/0247/2 Applicant Mr Aaron Breward. 30 Peashill Close Sileby Leicestershire LE12 7PT. Erection of single storey extension to rear of dwelling.
P/15/0193/2 Applicant Mr David Holmes. 130 Ratcliffe Road Sileby Leicestershire LE12 7QA. Formation of hardstanding and dropped kerb to front of dwelling.
P/15/0248/2 Applicant Mr D Pawley. Land rear of 135 Ratcliffe Road Sileby Leicestershire LE12 7PX. Amendment to planning application P/13/1394/2 to elevational alterations, retaining walls details, access and fencing alterations.
P/15/0265/2 Applicant Davidsons Developments. Land at Broad Street & St. Peters Street Syston Leicestershire LE7 1GJ. Variation of condition 20 of application P/08/2123/2 to amend height of finished floor levels.
P/15/0245/2 Applicant Mr AC Bhauser. 36 Parkstone Road Syston Leicestershire LE7 1LY. Erection of outbuilding to rear of dwelling. (Retrospective application).
P/15/0279/2 Applicant Mrs J Braker. 2 Cedar Drive Syston Leicestershire LE7 2PS. Erection of a two storey extension to side of dwelling.
P/15/0268/2 Applicant Mr B Gokani. 3 Highway Road Thurmaston Leicestershire LE4 8FR. Erection of single storey extensions to front, side and rear of dwelling, formation of pitched roof over garage and conversion of garage to form habitable room.
P/15/0267/2 Applicant Mr Steven Padmore. 31 Red Hill Lane Thurmaston Leicestershire LE4 8FT. Erection of two storey extension to side and single storey extension with balcony above to rear of dwelling. (Revised scheme - P/14/2264/2 refers).
P/15/0180/2 Applicant Mr Simon Large. 23 Festival Avenue Thurmaston Leicestershire LE4 8JB. Erection of single storey side/rear extension.
P/15/0232/2 Applicant Mr R Chotai ApplicantMr R Chotai. 43 Thorpe Field Drive Thurmaston Leicestershire LE4 8GW. Erection of first floor extension to side of dwelling.
P/15/0266/2 Applicant Mr J Cursley. Walton House 30 Black Lane Walton On The Wolds Leicestershire LE12 8HN. Extensions and alterations to dwelling.
P/15/0243/2 Applicant Mr S Johnson. The Old Manor House 5 Loughborough Road Walton On The Wolds Leicestershire LE12 8HT. Discharge of Condition 3 of P/14/1498/2. Historic building recording.
P/15/0288/2 Applicant Mr David Blossom. 8 Six Hills Road Walton On The Wolds Loughborough LE12 8JF. Erection of carport to side of garage/workshop building (Listed Building Consent).
P/15/0143/2 Applicant Mr David Blossom. 8 Six Hills Road Walton On The Wolds Loughborough LE12 8JF. Erection of carport to side of garage/workshop building.
P/15/0314/2 Applicant Mrs Beverly Griffiths. The Round House Deans Lane Woodhouse Eaves Leicestershire LE12 8TE. Discharge of Conditions 2 & 3 of P/14/2179/2. First floor walls. French door.


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Shriyash is a Chrome Extension that is meant for use on Facebook. It changes text to say "Shriyash" on Facebook.
Yeah, we were that bored.

To Download and Install:
> Download the zip and unpack

1. >Go to chrome://extensions

2. >Click "developer mode" at the top

3. >Click "open unpacked extension"

4. >Open the folder "shriyash-ext"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


How Many Tea Bags Do You Use to Brew Tea for a Two-Quart Pitcher?
According to Country Living Magazine, a 2-quart pitcher of hot-brewed iced tea requires four to six tea bags. The actual number of tea bags you should use depends on the desired strength of the iced tea.
A pitcher of hot-brewed iced tea or sun tea requires fewer tea bags than a pitcher of cold-brewed tea. When making cold-brewed iced tea, place up to 10 tea bags in the pitcher before steeping it in the refrigerator. When using loose tea, 3 tablespoons of tea leaves is the approximate equivalent of six tea bags. The amount of tea used for iced tea may vary according to taste.
Buy Tea Brew at Amazon! Free Shipping on Qualified Orders.
How Do You Steep Tea Bags?
What Material Are Tea Bags Made From?


text:
Q: fprintf not writing "%" to file So I'm trying to write this line to a text file;
sprintf(line, "%d, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %d, %s\n",
          gen_no, total_time,
          progp->total_fitness,
          progp->entopy_breakdown[0],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[1],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[2],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[3],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[4],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[5],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[6],
          0,
          tree_as_char);

fprintf(fp, line);
fclose(fp);

Everything in the line is written correctly apart from when tree_as_char has "%" i.e. "%25" symbols in it (sometimes it writes one and then the proceeding char is escaped, sometimes it does't write any). All the other symbols in tree_as_char are written to the file correctly, and printing the line prints the % symbols correctly. Maybe I'm not escaping it properly somewhere?
Thanks!
Phil

A: fprintf will treat any % symbol in second parameter as a formatter. Try fprintf(fp, "%s", line);.

A: Oh dear, just noticed you're writing sprintf, and then call fprintf. Now that's just not necessary. You can easily save on that sprintf call by writing:
fprintf(fp, "%d, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %d, %s\n",
          gen_no, total_time,
          progp->total_fitness,
          progp->entopy_breakdown[0],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[1],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[2],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[3],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[4],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[5],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[6],
          0,
          tree_as_char);

That ought to work, and you won't have any more issues with the percent signs in the tree_as_char string. If you still need that line var for other things, you can choose: parse the line, adding secondary % chars before writing to the file pointer, use fwrite, or, better (perhaps): use fputs:
sprintf(line, "%d, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %f, %d, %s\n",
          gen_no, total_time,
          progp->total_fitness,
          progp->entopy_breakdown[0],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[1],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[2],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[3],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[4],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[5],
          progp->entopy_breakdown[6],
          0,
          tree_as_char);
fputs(fp, line);

If you want to print a percent sign (%) using any of the *printf functions, you have to escape the percent sign itself. Just write %% to get one %:
printf("%d%%", 10);

will print 10%
If your tree_as_char contains percent signs, fprintf will just consider that as a placeholder, so you'll have to parse that string first, and add a second percent sign if needed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


How to Draw a Coconut Tree?
Kids, learn how to draw the Coconut-tree by following the steps below.
Draw two lines slightly curved towards left and more or less parallel to each other with the base being wider than the top edge.
Connect the two lines at the base with a straight line.
At the top of these two lines, starting from a little above the top right edge of these two lines, draw a curve tilting downwards towards right.
Draw another line with zig zag structure to form the coconut leaves.
Draw a similar coconut tree branch with leaves on the left side, just opposite to the above drawn branch.
Draw two more coconut tree branches just above the other two branches with one being higher than the other.
Draw a total of five coconut tree branches each originating around the same base.
Just below the base of these coconut tree branches, draw three small circles adjacent to and touching each other, which forms the coconuts.
Erase the lines passing through these circles. Now you have drawn a beautiful and a simple outline of a coconut tree with coconuts.


Bob Color plays a mix of own music and covers. An amazing CD with various music styles: rock,ballads and funky grooves including the didgeridoo! 15 years ago, the Bob Color Band was one of the most succesfull bands in The Netherlands. A great festivalband, including the Oerolfestival at Terschelling! A wonderful immersion in the colorful musical world of BOB COLOR!
Listen and watch one of the songs on this CD in a live performance of the band.


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UFC 3-530-01 Design: Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls (PDF)
Posted April 14, 2020 • Submitted by grant.jasmin
Summary of UFC 3-530-01 Design: Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) Design: Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) DESIGN: INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR LIGHTING AND CONTROLS Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity) AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \1\ ... /1/) Change No. Date Location This UFC supersedes UFC 3-530-01AN, dated September 19, 2005. The format of Chapters 6 and 7 do not conform to UFC 1-300-01. These chapters are graphical in nature and intended as application design guidelines. CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 FOREWORD The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of Forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.) Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the more stringent of the UFC, the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable. UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services' responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) are responsible for administration of the UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request (CCR). The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below. UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source: • Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/. Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current. AUTHORIZED BY: ______________________________________ ______________________________________ DONALD L. BASHAM, P.E. DR. JAMES W WRIGHT, P.E. Chief, Engineering and Construction Chief Engineer U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Naval Facilities Engineering Command ______________________________________ ______________________________________ KATHLEEN I. FERGUSON, P.E. Dr. GET W. MOY, P.E. The Deputy Civil Engineer Director, Installations Requirements and DCS/Installations & Logistics Management Department of the Air Force Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) New Document Summary Sheet Subject: UFC-3-530-01, Design: Interior, Exterior Lighting and Controls Description of Change: UFC-3-530-01 is a new Unified Facilities Criteria document that describes the criteria necessary to create effective and efficient lighting designs for the wide variety of DoD facilities. It also educates facility designers and managers on emerging technologies that promise to further reduce the energy consumption of buildings. Reasons for Change: In 2000, the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) published the ninth edition of the Lighting Handbook. This edition significantly altered the lighting recommendations by including a Lighting Design Guide. This matrix addresses the many lighting issues such as glare and uniformity that must be considered (in addition to illuminance) to provide a comfortably lighted environment. In addition, Navy and Air Force facilities follow the US Green Building Council's LEEDTM rating system and the Army uses the Sustainable Project Rating Tool (SPiRiT). Due to the large amount of energy consumed by electric lighting in buildings, improving lighting efficiency and effectiveness contributes significantly to these goals. UFC 3-530-01: ‰ Updates the illuminance-based criteria to Quality of the Visual Environment per current IESNA standards. ‰ Includes daylighting as an important light source. ‰ Updates equipment recommendations for lamps and ballasts to incorporate higher performance standards. Impact: Improving the lighting quality of workspaces and reducing the energy requirements of the lighting system both result in significant economic benefits. The Light Right Consortium research found that indirect lighting strategies that light the walls and ceiling were rated as more comfortable by office occupants. Additionally, certain dimming strategies improved the workers motivation and accuracy on office tasks. Efficient lighting design not only reduces the electricity consumption for producing light, but also significantly reduces the cooling load that must be handled by the building's mechanical system. Combining economic benefits of improved productivity and workforce satisfaction with those of energy savings from efficient sources and strategies make lighting quality an attractive investment. UFC 3-530-01: ‰ Integrates occupancy and daylight lighting controls to reduce energy use. ‰ Emphasizes "effective" lighting strategies that can result in energy savings for lighting of between 25 to 40 percent, according to research conducted by the Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP). CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Paragraph 1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE.......................................................... 1-1 1-2 APPLICABILITY ....................................................................... 1-1 1-3 REFERENCES......................................................................... 1-1 CHAPTER 2 LIGHTING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Paragraph 2-1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 2-1 2-2 VISIBILITY................................................................................ 2-1 2-3 GLARE ..................................................................................... 2-2 2-4 UNIFORMITY ........................................................................... 2-5 2-5 ILLUMINANCE ......................................................................... 2-6 2-6 SURFACE BRIGHTNESS ........................................................ 2-8 2-7 AMBIENT/TASK/ACCENT SYSTEMS ...................................2-10 2-8 LIGHTING CONTROL............................................................2-10 2-9 SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES ...................................................2-12 2-10 SECURITY .............................................................................2-13 2-11 MAINTENANCE ISSUES .......................................................2-13 CHAPTER 3 SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES Paragraph 3-1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 3-1 3-2 BUILDING RATING SYSTEMS................................................ 3-1 3-3 COSTS/BENEFITS................................................................... 3-3 3-4 UTILIZING DAYLIGHT ............................................................. 3-4 3-5 LOW ENERGY USE................................................................. 3-4 3-6 MATERIAL ISSUES ................................................................. 3-5 3-7 LIGHT POLLUTION.................................................................. 3-5 3-8 LIGHT TRESPASS................................................................... 3-7 3-9 ECONOMIC ISSUES................................................................ 3-8 3-10 RETROFITTING....................................................................... 3-8 CHAPTER 4 DAYLIGHTING 4-1 BENEFITS OF DAYLIGHT ....................................................... 4-1 4-2 PROJECT TYPES THAT BENEFIT FROM DAYLIGHT ........... 4-1 4-3 DAYLIGHTING ECONOMICS .................................................. 4-1 4-4 SYSTEM INTEGRATION ......................................................... 4-2 4-5 MAXIMIZE DAYLIGHT POTENTIAL ........................................ 4-3 4-6 GLAZING ORIENTATION ........................................................ 4-4 4-7 GLAZING CHARACTERISTICS............................................... 4-5 4-8 QUANTITY OF GLAZING......................................................... 4-6 i CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 4-9 GLARE AND CONTRAST CONTROL....................................4-10 4-10 ACTIVE DAYLIGHTING .........................................................4-11 4-11 PHYSICAL MODELING..........................................................4-11 4-12 COMPUTER SIMULATION ....................................................4-11 CHAPTER 5 LIGHTING EQUIPMENT Paragraph 5-1 BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS ................................................. 5-1 5-2 LUMINAIRES ........................................................................... 5-2 5-3 LAMPS ..................................................................................... 5-7 5-4 BALLASTS AND POWER SUPPLIES....................................5-14 5-5 LIGHTING CONTROLS..........................................................5-16 5-6 EMERGENCY AND EXIT LIGHTING.....................................5-20 5-7 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ........................................5-21 CHAPTER 6 INTERIOR APPLICATIONS Paragraph 6-1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 6-1 6-2 LIGHTING CALCULATIONS FOR INTERIOR SPACES.......... 6-1 INTERIOR DESIGN APPLICATIONS: OFICES. 6-3 Lobbies............................................................................. 6-3 Corridors........................................................................... 6-5 Individual Offices .............................................................. 6-7 Open Offices ..................................................................6-10 Waiting Areas .................................................................6-13 Conference Rooms ........................................................6-15 Board Rooms .................................................................6-17 Ceremonial Areas...........................................................6-19 Lounge Areas .................................................................6-21 Office Support Areas ......................................................6-23 Storage Rooms ..............................................................6-25 Mechanical Rooms.........................................................6-26 Restrooms......................................................................6-27 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES..................................................6-29 Classrooms ....................................................................6-29 Auditoriums ....................................................................6-31 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES ..................................................6-34 Waiting Rooms ...............................................................6-34 Pharmacy .......................................................................6-36 FOOD SERVICE ....................................................................6-38 Kitchens..........................................................................6-38 Cafeterias .......................................................................6-40 Enlisted Dining Rooms ...................................................6-42 Officer Dining Rooms .....................................................6-44 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES ...............................................6-46 Indoor Swimming Pools..................................................6-46 Indoor Tennis Courts......................................................6-47 ii CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 Indoor Basketball Courts ................................................6-48 Locker Rooms ................................................................6-50 MAINTENANCE FACILITIES .................................................6-51 Vehicle Storage / Repair Areas ......................................6-51 Aircraft Hangars and Shelters ........................................6-53 Motorpools......................................................................6-55 Warehouses ...................................................................6-57 RESIDENTIAL HOUSING ......................................................6-59 Bedrooms.......................................................................6-59 Hallways .........................................................................6-61 Laundry Rooms ..............................................................6-62 Kitchens..........................................................................6-63 Dining Rooms.................................................................6-65 Living Rooms..................................................................6-67 Recreation Rooms..........................................................6-69 Bathrooms......................................................................6-71 Garages..........................................................................6-73 Bachelors Quarters (Barracks) .......................................6-75 CHILDCARE FACILITIES.......................................................6-77 Daycare Indoor Play Areas.............................................6-77 Daycare Indoor Rest Areas ............................................6-79 PARKING STRUCTURES......................................................6-81 CHAPTER 7 EXTERIOR APPLICATIONS Paragraph 7-1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 7-1 7-2 CALCULATIONS...................................................................... 7-1 EXTERIOR DESIGN APPLICATIONS: PARKING FACILITIES ............................................................. 7-3 Parking Lots ..................................................................... 7-3 BUILDING LIGHTING...............................................................7-7 Entrances .........................................................................7-7 Housing Areas..................................................................7-9 PEDESTRIAN AREAS ...........................................................7-11 Walkways .......................................................................7-11 Plazas.............................................................................7-13 VEHICLE TRAFFIC AREAS...................................................7-15 Roadways and Streets ...................................................7-15 Driveways.......................................................................7-18 MARINAS...............................................................................7-20 EXTERIOR RECREATIONAL AREAS ...................................7-22 Baseball and Softball Fields ...........................................7-22 Tennis Courts .................................................................7-24 Basketball Courts ...........................................................7-26 Football Fields ................................................................7-28 Playgrounds ...................................................................7-29 APPENDIX A REFERENCES .........................................................................A-1 i ii CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 APPENDIX B PHYSIOLOGICAL ISSUES.......................................................B-1 APPENDIX C GLOSSARY..............................................................................C-1 APPENDIX D ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PARKING LIGHTING...................D-1 FIGURES Figure Title 2-1 Examples of direct glare............................................................................ 2-3 2-2 Minimize direct glare with cut-off fixtures .................................................. 2-3 2-3 Minimize direct glare with indirect lighting ................................................. 2-3 2-4 Semi-indirect lighting minimizes indirect glare........................................... 2-4 2-5 Uniform ceiling brightness ......................................................................... 2-5 2-6 Uniform illuminance................................................................................... 2-5 2-7 Lumen Effectiveness Multipliers vs Luminance......................................... 2-8 2-8 Downlighting versus lighting surfaces ....................................................... 2-9 2-9 Example of downlighting versus lighting surfaces ..................................... 2-9 3-1 Los Angeles, 1908; Lost Angeles 1976..................................................... 3-6 3-2 Unshielded and non-cutoff luminaires lead to light pollution...................... 3-6 3-3 Examples of IESNA full cut-off luminaires ................................................. 3-7 3-4 Glare results in loss of visibility ................................................................. 3-7 3-5 Full cut-off luminaires versus unshielded floodlights ................................. 3-8 3-6 A change in furniture configuration affects uniformity................................ 3-10 4-1 Examples of daylighting strategies............................................................ 4-4 4-2 Building Orientation can maximize daylight exposure ............................... 4-4 4-3 Example of architectural shading devices ................................................. 4-5 4-4 Diagrams of toplighting strategies ............................................................. 4-7 4-5 Example of toplighting application............................................................. 4-8 4-6 Example of clerestory application.............................................................. 4-8 4-7 Examples of sidelighting applications........................................................ 4-9 4-8 Examples of roof shapes........................................................................... 4-10 4-9 Examples of splayed skylights .................................................................. 4-10 4-10 Example of an active daylighting system................................................... 4-11 5-1 Pendant mounted luminaires..................................................................... 5-3 5-2 Wall mounted luminaires ........................................................................... 5-3 5-3 Ceiling/surface mounted luminaires .......................................................... 5-3 5-4 Recessed and semi-recessed luminaires.................................................. 5-4 5-5 Track mounted luminaires ......................................................................... 5-4 5-6 Pole mounted luminaires........................................................................... 5-5 5-7 Efficacy comparison of light sources ......................................................... 5-9 5-8 Typical Exit sign ........................................................................................ 5-20 i v CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 TABLES Table Title 2-1 Lumen effectiveness multipliers vs. high pressure sodium........................ 2-7 4-1 Comparison of Glass Types ...................................................................... 4-6 5-1 Exterior Luminaire Distribution Classification ............................................ 5-6 5-2 Exterior Luminaire Cutoff Classification..................................................... 5-6 5-3 NEMA Field Angle Classification............................................................... 5-7 5-4 Comparison of Lamps ............................................................................... 5-8 5-5 Recommended Control Devices for Different Building Applications .......... 5-18 5-6 Lighting Control Energy Savings Examples .............................................. 5-19 5-7 Lighting Control Considerations ................................................................ 5-19 7-1 Recommended Illuminance Uniformity Ratios........................................... 7-2 v CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 22 August 2006 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE. This UFC provides guidance for the design of interior and exterior lighting systems for the Unified Facilities Criteria based on the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America's (IESNA) Lighting Handbook th Reference and Application, 9 Edition (hereafter called Lighting Handbook) and current recommended practices. This UFC meets the current IESNA standard of practice and addresses general lighting requirements for Department of Defense (DoD) facilities. Specific requirements not outlined here may apply to facilities overseas. th 1-1.1 Lighting Handbook. In 2000, the IESNA published the 9 Edition of the handbook, which changed the direction of lighting design criteria. In previous editions, th illuminance values were given as the strongest basis for design. In the 9 edition of the Lighting Handbook, the single focus on the illuminance criteria is no longer possible. Now the emphasis is on quality based design. Chapter 10 of the handbook, "Quality of the Visual Environment" formalizes these issues in a Lighting Design matrix and rates the importance of each for different applications. 1-1.2 Lighting Design Criteria. Lighting practitioners must evaluate the application and consider the important lighting design criteria, including direct glare, surface luminances, and uniformity. Also, the importance of daylight on human health and productivity is emphasized. 1-1.3 Exterior Lighting. Exterior lighting design now addresses the role of glare in creating poor visibility. Over-lighting and discontinuity between areas is also addressed as this could cause adaptation delays when moving from one area to another. Also, the increased effectiveness of white light on enhanced peripheral detection for exterior and other low lighting level applications is addressed. 1-2 APPLICABILITY. These guidelines apply to all service elements and contractors designing interior or exterior lighting systems for new and retrofit construction projects. 1-3 REFERENCES. Appendix A contains a list of references used in this document. 1 -1 CANCELLED
UFC 3-530-01 Design: Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls
UFC 3-530-01 Interior and Exterior Lighting Systems and Controls
UFC 3-530-01 Design: Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls, with Change 2
UFC 3-530-01 Interior and Exterior Lighting Systems and Controls, with Change 3
Interior and Exterior Lighting and Controls
Interior and Exterior Lighting
exterior lighting electro-mechanical lighting interior lighting lenses & lamps motors & flashtubes
2001 • 40 Pages • 969 KB
Lighting for interior design
Handbook Of Interior Lighting Design
2011 • 122 Pages • 24 MB


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Home Volunteer Charter
The Volunteer Charter has been drawn up by Comhlámh, the Irish Association of Development Workers. Comhlámh has over 30 years experience of engaging with overseas volunteers and development workers.
It was drawn up through extensive consultations with the three main groups involved in volunteer placements: volunteers, sending organisations, and host projects. The Charter is a guide for people who are going to volunteer overseas in developing countries. It sets out seven principles that aim to encourage responsible, responsive international volunteering. Each of these principles contains a list of questions to help you make sure that you have thought about the issues raised, and to ensure that you know why they are important. By agreeing to sign the Charter volunteers will be showing their support for the principles it sets out. As a volunteer, your attitude to your placement and to your host project and community will be crucial to the success of the work you will be involved with. Your support will help to ensure a spirit of partnership, solidarity and respect between you, your sending organisation, and the host project and community with which you volunteer.
Who developed it?
The Charter has been drawn up by Comhlámh, the Irish Association of Development Workers and Volunteers. Comhlámh has over 35 years' experience of engaging with overseas volunteers and development workers.
How was it developed?
Through extensive consultations with the three main groups involved in volunteer placements: volunteers, sending agencies, and host projects.
Why has it been drawn up?
Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest among Irish people in volunteering in developing countries. More and more people are going overseas as volunteers, sometimes for very short periods. Although there can be many differences between the work done on short-term and long-term volunteering placements, all international volunteers will be engaging with the same broader issues. These include having realistic expectations about what volunteering can achieve, and adopting the role of learner and guest while overseas. The Charter encourages people to think about these issues and to place their volunteering experiences within the wider context of global development. By doing so, it aims to contribute to the improvement of the volunteering experiences of international volunteers, and ultimately to the quality of life for host communities affected by volunteering. It does not replace sending agencies' and host projects' specific guidelines and rules for volunteers, but rather complements them.
What about the responsibilities of sending agencies?
A Code of Good Practice for Volunteer Sending Agencies has also been developed. This sets out the responsibilities of organisation that arrange volunteer placements, including some of the steps they take to support the Volunteer Charter. Organisations that have signed up to the Code will be willing to provide copies of this Charter to volunteers, and to discuss the Code in exchange.
Why should volunteers support the Charter?
By agreeing to sign the Charter, you will be showing your support for the principles it sets out. As a volunteer, your attitude to your placement and to your host project and community will be crucial to the success of the work you will be involved with. Your support will help to ensure a spirit of partnership, solidarity and respect between you, your sending agency, and the host project and community with which you volunteer.


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No short-term end in sight in Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Western officials say
By Jennifer Hansler and Kylie Atwood, CNN
Published 6:05 AM EDT, Fri April 15, 2022
US Secretary of State Antony Blinken speaks on human rights at the State Department on April 12, 2022, in Washington, DC.
Secretary of State Antony Blinken told European allies that the United States believes the Russian war in Ukraine could last through the end of 2022, two European officials told CNN, as US and European officials have increasingly assessed that there is no short-term end in sight to the conflict.
Many of the officials who spoke with CNN stressed that it is hard to predict exactly how long the war could go on, but several officials said that there are no indications that Russian President Vladimir Putin's ultimate goals have changed, and it is unlikely he will pursue diplomatic negotiations unless faced with military defeat.
The thinking that this could be a long-term conflict represents a marked shift from the early days of the war, when Russia was expected to quickly take the Ukrainian capital of Kyiv, and underscores Moscow's failures on the battlefield.
The longer the war goes on, the more brutal the humanitarian toll on the people of Ukraine. And while officials stressed there is likely to be continued international resolve to provide high levels of support to Ukraine, they acknowledged there may be very real practical challenges regarding weaponry that will need to be dealt with as the war wages on.
BUCHA, UKRAINE - APRIL 06: (EDITORS NOTE: Image depicts death.) A man works to catalogue some of 58 bodies of civilians killed in and around Bucha before they are transported to the morgue at a cemetery on April 6, 2022 in Bucha, Ukraine. The Ukrainian government has accused Russian forces of committing a "deliberate massacre" as they occupied and eventually retreated from Bucha, 25km northwest of Kyiv. Hundreds of bodies have been found in the days since Ukrainian forces regained control of the town. (Photo by Chris McGrath/Getty Images)
Chris McGrath/Getty Images
Atrocities are piling up across Ukraine. CNN witnessed some of the horrors.
National security adviser Jake Sullivan said Thursday that the fighting in Ukraine is likely to be "protracted," and will go on "for months or even longer."
Some members of Congress and their aides are quietly making comparison to the Korean War, which lasted for three years.
Two other European officials said they believe that fighting in eastern Ukraine – where Russian forces are expected to launch a new offensive – could last for four to six months and then result in a stalemate.
Blinken, a senior State Department official said, "has discussed with his counterparts our concern that the conflict could be protracted, but all of his engagements have revolved around how best to bring it to a halt as quickly as possible."
Doubling down on weapons support
British Foreign Office minister James Cleverly said this week that the launch of the new Russian fighting in the Donbas could be weeks away, telling reporters that "there is a window of opportunity and I think this is why the nature of our support is so important, that we are providing weapons, the equipment that Ukrainians need to do the job they need to do."
There is growing public acknowledgment of the ties between Ukraine's success on the battlefield and any hope of a diplomatic resolution to the conflict – a notion that Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba addressed outright at last week's NATO Foreign Ministerial.
"It is clear that the positions of delegations in talks will be defined by the successes of relevant armies and the impact of sanctions imposed on Russia," he said.
US officials cast the additional military support to Ukraine this week as a continuation, but do say that part of what has prompted the doubling down – and additional support – is the Ukrainians' battlefield efforts.
A second senior State Department official said that "we have done a lot and so we do have faith and we always had faith in our Ukrainian partners. But as the fight doubles down, so does our commitment to give them weapons and equipment that they can use," adding that the Ukrainians have used certain weapons systems "to great effect."
DONBAS, UKRAINE - APRIL 12: Ukrainian soldiers are seen in a tank on the frontline in Donbas, Ukraine on April 12, 2022. (Photo by Diego Herrera Carcedo/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
Diego Herrera Carcedo/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images
US faces a race against time to get massive security aid to Ukraine with fresh assault looming
Blinken, in a statement Thursday about the new $800 million security assistance package, said the US is "focused on putting Ukraine in the strongest possible negotiating position by continuing to provide security assistance to help Ukraine defend itself and by increasing pressure on Putin by imposing severe costs on Russia."
"We think that (the Russians) really have the motivation only when they understand that they are facing a strategic defeat," Estonian Ambassador to the US Kristjan Prikk told CNN. "As long as it's seeming they still have the same objectives in mind that they had in the beginning of the war, which is basically destroying the Ukrainian state and to have a complete surrender by Ukrainians, it's difficult to see them really being becoming serious about negotiations."
Prikk said there are discussions underway about how to better coordinate security aid so that Ukraine has the weapons it needs at the moment it needs them, and noted that there are "practical challenges" regarding availability of weaponry. Such challenges were raised by other European officials who spoke with CNN, and State Department spokesperson Ned Price said Thursday "there are practical challenges that come with this, supply chain supplies, other elements of it."
"Those are things that we are working through," he said at a State Department briefing. The Pentagon this week hosted the CEOs of the military's eight largest contractors to discuss more rapid arms production.
The cost of inaction
Officials also acknowledge that the public may grow weary for continued support for Ukraine, and will have to be reminded that inaction would be even more costly.
"You can't defend democracy for free. It just doesn't work like that," said Cleverly. "The very visible cost is in human lives. We have discussed the number of people that have been killed and injured during this conflict, but it has a financial cost and you know – we will be paying that through increased gas prices, we'll be paying that through general inflation as kind of the ripple effects of this kind of washes across the world, and people won't like that. And it's quite understandable that people won't like that, but they should also recognize that not acting would come at a much, much, much, much greater cost."
There are also always risks that divisions in the transatlantic alliance could emerge the longer the war wages on, a European official said. However, they and others said that the atrocities Russia is committing in Ukraine are likely to play a role in keeping up international resolve in making sure Russia cannot win.
"I think the world has continued to be shocked by the level of atrocity, the level of violence, the level of brutality, that Russia's forces have engaged in against the Ukrainian people. I think that will necessarily maintain this level of consensus within the international community," Price said.
"There is no sense that these countries are preparing to move on, to look the other way, and in fact, every time we gather, there is renewed horror, there is renewed condemnation, there is renewed determination to continue to see to it that our Ukrainian partners have what they need," he said, adding, "At a political level, at a strategic level, there's been no indication that we've seen that the focus, the determination, the perseverance will diminish over time."


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Commons: 24 October 1995
British Coal (Retirement Funds)
Volume 264: debated on Tuesday 24 October 1995
Mrs. Clwyd
To ask the President of the Board of Trade what plans he has to ensure that British Coal distributes the coal industry industrial death and retirement funds among the people who contributed to it, or to their dependants. [37769]
Mr. Page
The operation of the industrial death and retirement scheme is a matter for British Coal. However, I understand that the scheme was not financed from a conventional fund with separate assets. If it had been, British Coal's liabilities would have been capped in accord with the total amount of contributions paid. Instead, in return for contributions from members and notional matching contributions from British Coal itself, the corporation will continue to meet all entitlements under the scheme. British Coal confirms that all contributors who qualify for benefits will receive them. My Department will take over this responsibility when the liabilities associated with this scheme transfer at the of 1997.
To ask the President of the Board of Trade what safeguards exist to protect funds and schemes similar to the coal industry industrial death and retirement fund in the privatised coal industry. [37770]
The industrial death and retirement scheme did not transfer to successor coal companies on privatisation. Insurance and retirement arrangements in respect of service with the newly privatised industry are matters for the new owners.
To ask the President of the Board of Trade (1) what benefits were being paid out from the coal industry industrial death and retirement fund on 1 January; [37763](2) what was the value of the coal industry industrial death and retirement fund on 1 January 1993, 1 January 1994, 1 January 1995 and its projected value on 1 January 1996; [37765](3) what benefits are currently being paid from the coal industry industrial death and retirement fund; [37764](4) how many people were paying into the coal industry industrial death and retirement fund on 1 January; [37762](5) what was the initial payment made to the industrial death and retirement fund at its inception, and by whom. [37766]
These are matters for British Coal. I am asking the chairman to write to the hon. Member.
To ask the President of the Board of Trade (1) in what circumstances the British Coal Corporation may appropriate the assets of the industrial death and retirement fund; [37767](2) what legal provisions govern the distribution of the assets of funds of the nature of the coal industry industrial death and disablement fund when they are wound up. [37768]
I understand that the industrial death and retirement scheme ceased to accept further contributions from members on 6 January 1995, but as it was not wound up the question of distribution of funds did not arise. As the arrangements constituted a scheme, there was no fund and thus no assets.


Steven Osborne (born 1971) is a Scottish pianist who has performed concertos and solo recitals worldwide.
He was taught by Richard Beauchamp at St Mary's Music School in Edinburgh before going to the Royal Northern College of Music in Manchester to study under Renna Kellaway. After graduating, Osborne went on to win first prize in the prestigious Clara Haskil International Piano Competition in Switzerland in 1991 and the Naumburg International Competition in New York in May 1997. In 1999 he was selected as BBC New Generation Artist in the first year of the scheme.
His recording career began when he was signed to Hyperion Records in 1998 and has resulted in bi-annual recordings. The first disc with the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra celebrated Osborne's Scottish musical heritage with a pairing of Sir Alexander Mackenzie's Scottish Concerto alongside Sir Donald Tovey's Piano Concerto in A, winning a BBC Music Magazine 'Best of the Year' and a Gramophone 'Critics Choice' award. His subsequent disc was a recording of works by the contemporary Russian composer Nikolai Kapustin - including 13 of his 24 Preludes in Jazz Style – which won a Deutscher Schallplattenpreis. The disc that brought Osborne to international attention was his recording of Olivier Messiaen's epic Vingt regards sur l'enfant-Jésus in 2002. His on-going contract with Hyperion has resulted in two Gramophone Awards (Britten's Piano Concerto in 2009, Mussorgsky and Prokofiev in 2013), two Schallplattenpreis awards (Rachmaninoff's 24 Preludes, and Britten's Complete Works for Piano and Orchestra) together with numerous nominations.


Burglaries are on the rise in Dublin. How do I protect my home?
Can Double Glazed Windows help?
According to the Garda Síochána, the rates of burglary have increased by 20% since 2007. The six Garda divisions in Dublin together account for 82% of this increase according to CSO figures.
There were 2,300 burglaries in the capital last year which represents a 60% jump from previous levels. It is more pressing than ever to know how I can protect my home.
Justice Minister Frances Fitzgerald in response to public outcry has proposed new legislation, which will allow for consecutive prison sentences for anyone who commits repeat burglaries.
If burglars suspect that a person is home, there is a higher chance that they won't attempt to break in.
Most break-ins occur during the day while the majority of people are working.
When leaving the house, try to create the illusion that the house is still occupied.
Try leaving an interior light on with a radio or television playing in earshot of the door.
2 Make it difficult to break in.
Double check to ensure that your composite doors are locked and all double glazed windows are shut.
All exterior doors should be fitted with deadbolt locks which are pick-resistant and ensure that exterior doors are made with solid wood or metal.
Don't leave your keys in easy to find places such as, under door-mats, flower pots, window boxes, or on the door frame.
Check out our range of exterior security doors here.
Some older sliding doors can be broken past by simply slipping them out of their frame, even when locked.
Replace with new more secure sliding doors.
Place a rod or bar in the track to prevent sliding door from being able to slide back.It requires a lot of financial help, so you can always contact paydayloandesk to get loan help.
Purchase a security grill to obstruct burglers who smash the glass from easy entry.
Check out our range of protected sliding doors here.
Windows should be hooked up to a home security alarm. Windows should have locks that operate from the inside so they can be used for escape.
Ensure that your double glazed windows are coated them with an impact-resistant film to strengthen them.
All double glazed windows or glass panel in the door that are closer than 42 inches to the lock should be reinforced with an invisible security film. This will prevent burglars from breaking the glass and reaching through to unlock the door.
Install window stops that prevent them from being opened more than 6 inches to prevent access. If you do however, all residents must know how to remove the stops to make an emergency exit.
Double glazed windows protected with a security film will not shatter and obstruct entry.
Check out our range of secure windows here.
The best protection for your home comes from neighbours who look out each other. Meet with your neighbours to ask them to keep an eye on things while your house is unoccupied.
Be vigilant for your neighbours in return.
Join your local neighbourhood watch or community crimewatch program, if none exist in your area, consider creating one.
Garda Síochána community policing officers are available to help you plan and organise such programs.
These are just 5 ways in which you can protect your home. Ensure to lock up all your composite doors and double glazed windows every time you leave your house.Try to check this for loans loanblues.com.!


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Q: Read out the expectations from a mock object For google mock, and C++ specifically, is it possible to somehow read out the expectations set on a mock object and the status of them?
For example, is it possible to ask the mock object if it has any unfulfilled expectations at this point?
Reading out this information should not pass or fail the test, so VerifyAndClearExpectations is not what i'm looking for as it both determines the test result and changes the mock object.

A: No, google mock provides no such functionality.


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Teen shot in head at friend's house after gun accidentally discharges
Author: Zaz Hollander
Updated: April 4
Published April 3
A teenager was shot in the head at a friend's South Anchorage home just after noon Wednesday, police say.
The boy was taken to the hospital with injuries described as not life-threatening, according to an Anchorage Police Department update.
A teenager and three friends including the victim were at his home in the 7600 block of Little Bend Circle when he retrieved the revolver, police said. He was manipulating it when it discharged and hit the victim in the head, police said. The teens immediately called 911 and rendered aid until first responders arrived.
Police declined to release specific information about the incident.
All of the teens are younger than 18, including the one who was shot, police spokesman MJ Thim said.
He is lucky to be alive, Thim said.
"Guns should not be played with," he said. "This reinforces every aspect of gun safety."
The three teens with the shooting victim were taken to the police department for questioning, police said. They were alone in the home.
The Anchorage School District released a message alerting parents to the incident: "Safety is a priority for the District and we all need to work together to ensure our children are safe whether at school, home, or out in the community. If your family owns guns, please ensure they are securely locked in a safe place."
The district declined to identify where the teens attend school.
Zaz Hollander
Veteran ADN reporter Zaz Hollander is based in Wasilla and covers the Mat-Su region and breaking news.


Our Wild Yucca Sage and Citrus soap is an amazing scent combination. The wild yucca creates a creamy lather and a hint of citrus completes the soap.
This soap reminds me of the High Plains Desert in Wyoming.
Coconut oil, olive oil, vegetable shortening, wild yucca, water, lye, sage essential oil, citrus essential oil, spirulina, Moroccan red clay.


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Q: Functional that leads to hollow Consider a field $\phi(x,y)$ in the 2D plane. The minimum of the following Functional leads to formation of a 2D disk in which $\phi(x,y)=1$ deep inside the disk and $\phi(x,y)=0$ outside the disk.The boundary of the disk has a thickness so that $\phi$ continuously gors from 1 to 0.
$$\DeclareMathOperator{\Dm}{\operatorname{d\!}}
F=\int \Dm x \Dm y \big(\phi^2(1-\phi)^2 + K (\nabla \phi)^2 \big)
$$
with $K>0$ and a constraint on $\phi$ as following: $\int \phi dx dy =c$ where $c>>1$.
Is it possible to add a term to the above functional so that the minimum of $F$ becomes a disk with a hollow circle at the centre? I thought about considering a term which favours negative curvature like $-\nabla^2 \phi$, but since this term can be written as a divergence, its integral is zero and would not change the $F$.
I would appreciate it if some one could clarify if this question has a solution or not.


Business Administration - Real Estate And Urban Land Economics Option, B.S.
Business Administration - Real Estate & Urban Land Economics Option, B.S.
Complete IS 52 and 52L or equivalent courses with a grade of C or better or achieve a passing score on the CSB computer competency waiver examination.


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← Loyalty and Obsession in the Anglican Communion
What happened to last Weekend's 'Apocalypse' ? →
Chicago's Cardinal welcomes LGBTQ book writer
Posted on September 25, 2017 by kiwianglo
Jesuit priest Father James Martin has been invited to address Cardinal Blase Cupich's Chicago archdiocese over two nights during the next Lenten season.
The invitation comes after Martin had speaking engagements cancelled and negative comments levelled at him by far-right Catholic groups.
The ultra-conservatives disapprove of Martin's recently published book on lesbian, gay, bi-, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) Catholics.
Ultra-conservative website Church Militant and right-wing blog "Fr. Z" published articles and videos ahead of Martin's visit decrying his new book: Building a Bridge: How the Catholic Church and the LGBT Community can Enter Into A Relationship of Respect, Compassion, and Sensitivity.
Martin was also criticised on another conservative website, LifeSite. It called for him to be removed from his position as an adviser to the Vatican.
Martin defended himself — as did two bishops and multiple Catholic commentators — from the comments, which also target other Catholic leaders who are encouraging the Church to build bridges with LGBTQ people.
Like Martin, Catholic theologian and teacher Shawn Copeland has had her invitation to speak at a college in Michigan withdrawn. The topic of her talk, which was originally scheduled for Wednesday, was Pope Francis and his "agenda for social justice".
A few days before she was scheduled to speak, Church Militant published an article decrying Copeland for promoting a "pro-homosexual agenda" and citing sections of her theological works where she suggests Christ would embrace LGBTQ people.
Image: Connecticut Catholic Corner
From the local press agency, 'CathNews', comes this latest report on the outcome in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chicago from the publication of a new book written about the need of the Church to build bridges with LGBTQ people.
Despite its repudiation by Right-Wing Catholics in the USA, the author, Jesuit priest Father James Martin, has been invited to address Cardinal Blase Cupich's Chicago archdiocese over two nights during the next Lenten season.
The Jesuits – especially on the North American scene – have long been considered to be trail-blazers on issues of peace and justice within the Roman Catholic Church. In this regard, we need to remember that the current Pope, Francis, is a Jesuit scholar himself, and has been criticised by some of the more conservative reactionaries in the Vatican for his openness to reforming the Church on matters of Human Justice.


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Influencer Marketing 101: Twitter Chats
What is a Twitter Chat? A Twitter Chat is a highly engaging, real-time influencer activation that brings together influencers and their Twitter followers to establish an exciting online conversation around your brand or destination.
How does it work? 1 Hour, 5+ Influencers, 10 Questions, 800+ Tweets.
Theme: Together, we establish the theme of the Twitter Chat, creating relevant hashtag(s), keywords and conversation-starters around the topic(s) of your choice. Whether you're looking to build awareness, drive traffic or increase destination consideration—we will focus the chat around your goals.
Co-Hosts: A minimum of 5 influencers will be selected as co-hosts of the Twitter Chat. These popular online personalities will have followers representing your target audience. Co-hosts will be present throughout the hour-long online event, responding and engaging with each tweet sent.
Twitter Chat Questions: We will create and schedule a series of fun, engaging tweets to be shared from the Travel Mindset Twitter account, including a variety of scheduled questions for influencers, their followers, and the general public to respond and interact with.
Promo Tweets: Leading up to the Twitter Chat, Travel Mindset will promote the event across social media to increase awareness and engagement.
Twitter Chats are a great, interactive experience for multiple audiences to engage with your brand in a real-time, moderated discussion for an hour. Not only will your brand get a social boost, but you'll also find yourself with several new fans afterwards, too.
By partnering with social influencers and creating a specialized social media campaign for your brand, we can ensure that consumers are interacting, engaging, and discussing your brand all across the globe. Twitter Chats, Facebook and Instagram Takeovers, and cross-channel promotion are just a few of the ways we can do that. It's content seeding en masse.
The Inside Out Media Difference
"When you allow someone to speak about your brand as passionately as the influencers at IOM, that's true power and influence."
–Angie Wilson, Knoxville CVB


First-Aid-Product.com: Water Jel Brand Face Burn Dressing - 12" x 16"
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This dressing has been designed for the contours of the face and will not stick to the wound. Helps prevent burn progression without using water. Protects from contamination while it cools, comforts and relieves pain. The scientifically formulated gel combines with a special carrier to cool the burn by transference. Ingredients: Octoxynol 9 N.F., Glycerine (USP), Keltrol, Germaben II, Oil of Melaleuca Alternifolia, Di Water, E.D.T.A.
Water Jel Brand Face Burn Dressing - 12" x 16".
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WetCanvas > Explore Media > Digital Art > Post your Photoshop questions here!
View Full Version : Post your Photoshop questions here!
I really want to combine "drawing" using a Wacom graphics tablet and then adding effects with photoshop.
I gather there is quite a lot I'll have to familiarize myself with -with regard to just the Wacom Intous....Shall I play with that first or with photoshop first-do you think?? ( am a little lost) and will try really hard to come up with a more specific goal--unless you have some "starting point" tips for me.
Learn Photoshop along the way (or first if possible)... there is lots to learn.
So you want to see how to "draw" and filter an image? I can step you through that easily. I am busy for the next two days, but I will do my best to get to this question this weekend.


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Replacing white workers through EEB won't work
8 April 2022 - According to Radical Economic Transformation (RET) ideology, if there are more white people in desirable roles than the general proportion of white people in society then this is evidence of "hoarding" that must be stopped through social engineering by force.
According to Radical Economic Transformation (RET) ideology, if there are more white people in desirable roles than the general proportion of white people in society then this is evidence of "hoarding" that must be stopped through social engineering by force.
The IRR opposes the Employment Equity Amendment Bill (EEB) as one such effort at social engineering, since it would impose discretionary nationwide race quotas and reintroduce the kind of pre-disqualification racial criteria that were recently struck down by the Constitutional Court.
But for the sake of debate, it is worth considering what benefit could possibly be achieved if a Minister really had the power to redistribute jobs from one race to another with the flourish of a pen.
The national unemployment rate is 46.2% (all unemployment rates on the expanded definition), while the black unemployment rate is 50.7%, with 11 175 000 working-age black South Africans being unemployed, according to Stats SA.
According to every poll commissioned by the IRR in the last decade, unemployment is considered the number one problem in South Africa.
Some 14.5 million South Africans are employed, of whom almost 1.8 million are white. That means that although 7.1% of the working-age population is white, 12.3% of all employed people are white. According to RET ideology, this means that white people are "hoarding" jobs and are over-represented by 5.2 basis points.
If 711 000 white people were removed from work by the government and those jobs were all "redistributed" to black people, then 7.1% of the active workforce would be white and 80% would be black.
However, this procedure would only transfer 711 000 jobs to the black unemployment queue, which includes 11 175 000 South Africans. There would still be 10 464 000 unemployed black South Africans.
As a proportion this means that taking jobs from white people until demographic representivity is achieved would notionally reduce black unemployment from 50.7% to 47.5%.
Since this is clearly insufficient it is worth calculating what would happen if all white people were deprived of jobs, which were then handed to black people. It would mean that 9 382 000 black people would remain jobless, an unemployment rate of 42.5%, twice as high as any other constitutional democracy on earth.
Said Gabriel Crouse: "Of course jobs are not like lucky packets that can be simply traded around, and the tragic fact is that the more the government tries to redistribute jobs like trinkets, the longer it makes the unemployment line. But it is worth noting that even if the immodest proposal of magically transferring all jobs without harming the economy was capable of being followed through, this would not solve the problem of mass unemployment in South Africa."
It took tenacity to fight against white supremacy and hoarding in the 1970s and 1980s, but the RET ideology falsely claims that "white hoarding" remains the predominant cause of unemployment in South Africa.
Stats SA not only shows this to be false in employment numbers but also in terms of income. Since 2015 the top 10% of white earners got 10% of national income while the top 10% of black earners got 25% of national income. These are the groups that will be least damaged by EEB, which most immediately threatens the working class and the unemployed.


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Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries With Widespread Intra-abdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report
Srilatha Parampalli Srinivas 1
Archana Shivamurthy 1
Lakshmi Rao 2
Rajeshwari Gurumoorthy Bhat 3
1 Dept. of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
2 Dept. of Pathology, Armed forces Hospital, Muscat, Oman
3 Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal campus), Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor of ovary is an unusual tumor with an aggressive behavior. It is usually observed in young females, presents with abdominal complaints and is associated with raised α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. It should be differentiated from other hepatoid tumors involving the ovary. A complete patient evaluation with gross, microscopy, and immunohistochemistry can identify the site of origin to administer appropriate treatment.
The current study reported the case of a 30-year-old married parous female presenting with abdominal distention and pain of two months duration. She had regular menstrual cycles. Based on lab investigations her serum AFP level was markedly raised to 34,244 ng/mL (normal range: 0-9 ng/mL). Computerized tomography (CT) scan showed large lobulated heterogeneous mass in both ovaries and omental, gall bladder, and lung metastasis. A CT guided biopsy of the ovarian mass was done. On histopathology, a differential diagnosis of hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor, hepatoid carcinoma of ovary and hepatoid tumor arising from gall bladder metastasizing to the ovary were observed. Patient underwent surgery. Per operatively gross ascites with bilateral ovarian mass, extensive omental, pelvic, and gall bladder deposits were observed. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with omental deposit biopsy was conducted. Histopathology along with immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor in both ovaries with widespread intra-abdominal metastasis.
Hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumour of ovary is an unusual tumour with an aggressive behavior.
It is usually seen in young females, presents with abdominal complaints and is associated with raised α-fetoprotein levels.
It has to be differentiated from primary hepatoid carcinoma of ovary, metastatic deposits of hepatocellular carcinoma, and metastatic deposits of hepatoid carcinoma occurring in other organs like pancreas, mediastinum, stomach, gall bladder, urinary bladder, lung and kidney.
Hepatoid Tumour
Yolk Sac Tumour
Hepatoid Variant
Gynecologic Pathology
PDF 875.5 K
Receive Date: 30 December 2016
Revise Date: 06 June 2017
Parampalli Srinivas, S., Shivamurthy, A., Rao, L., Gurumoorthy Bhat, R. (2018). Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries With Widespread Intra-abdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report. Iranian Journal of Pathology, 13(2), 289-293. doi: 10.30699/ijp.13.2.289
Srilatha Parampalli Srinivas; Archana Shivamurthy; Lakshmi Rao; Rajeshwari Gurumoorthy Bhat. "Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries With Widespread Intra-abdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report". Iranian Journal of Pathology, 13, 2, 2018, 289-293. doi: 10.30699/ijp.13.2.289
Parampalli Srinivas, S., Shivamurthy, A., Rao, L., Gurumoorthy Bhat, R. (2018). 'Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries With Widespread Intra-abdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report', Iranian Journal of Pathology, 13(2), pp. 289-293. doi: 10.30699/ijp.13.2.289
Parampalli Srinivas, S., Shivamurthy, A., Rao, L., Gurumoorthy Bhat, R. Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries With Widespread Intra-abdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report. Iranian Journal of Pathology, 2018; 13(2): 289-293. doi: 10.30699/ijp.13.2.289


An estimated 43,000 Bangladeshis are dying each year from arsenic poisoning. The government has failed to solve a known problem of more than 20 years as close to 20 million people still drink water with unacceptably high levels of arsenic. Human Rights Watch says that nepotism by politicians who prioritize the needs of their home regions over cleaning up the deadly water supply has allowed the problem to persist.
The scope of the problem is staggering. There are still large swaths of the country where naturally occurring groundwater is found in more than 80 percent of wells. Ten million wells across the country are shallow, presenting a major health crisis in areas where arsenic levels are elevated. In an ironic twist, many of the wells were dug decades ago through the support of UNICEF and World Bank as a way to give people access to clean water.
The problem of arsenic contamination in drinking water was noted in West Bengal, India, and Bangladesh in the 1980s. By 1995 researchers in Calcutta presented findings on the effects of the poisoning on the local population. One study of 3,500 wells showed that one-quarter had more than 50 micrograms per liter of arsenic when the acceptable rate set by the WHO is less than 10 micrograms per liter. The international community galvanized to respond and evaluate the problem further, but by 2006 the effort stalled.
Pearshouse and his fellow researchers evaluated about 125,000 water points installed by the Bangladeshi government between 2006 and 2012. They found that only a little more than one-third of the wells were installed in areas where the availability of safe drinking water is low. The majority went to areas where there was, at least, some access to safe water and 10 percent were installed in areas already covered.
For children, arsenic poisoning it can hinder development and increase cancer risks, even later in life. Adults suffer from skin lesions, impaired brain function, increased risk of heart attack and many more problems. People who suffer from arsenic-related health conditions keep drinking from the same water sources and say they have few treatment options.
Khobor says that he was told the water in his nearby well contained 250 micrograms per liter of arsenic – a dangerously high amount. Yet, his family continues using the well containing water Khobor knows could kill them because there are no other alternatives.
What makes the problem particularly abhorrent is the fact that it has been known for decades and little is being done to prioritize solving it. Solutions are relatively simple, digging wells deep enough so they to not take in groundwater can give people access to safe water. In recent years some evidence is beginning to show that the acceptable threshold of arsenic in water is likely lower than the current WHO recommendations, meaning that people drinking water right at the limit may still be at risk.


A corn is a small circular thickened lesion in the skin of the foot. It usually forms due to repeated pressure on the skin, such as the rubbing of a shoe. The name "corn" comes from its resemblance to a kernel of corn. A corn is different from a callus in that it has a central core of hard material.
There are a number of treatment options for corns. When corns get hard enough to cause pain, Dr. Scheinin will recommend the treatment option most appropriate for you. However, if the underlying cause of the corn is not treated or removed, the corn may return. It is important to avoid trying to remove a corn at home or using medicated corn pads, as serious infection may occur.


The Bassi Fort which glorifies the history of Chundawat clan was built in the 16th century by Thakur Jaimal of Sisodia dynasty, cousin of Maharana Pratap, the founder of Bassi Principality. He was a great warrior who fought many gallant battles and has numerous brilliant victories to his credit. Six of the ancestors of Rawat Sahib Kesri Singhji, the present head of Bassi, Chundawat family laid down their live defending Mewar and the famous Chittaurgarh Fort. It is the citadel where were enacted the immortal episodes of sacrifice and heroism.
Set picturesquely amid hill, the quiet luxury of the Bassi Fort Palace offers a retreat into an aesthetically beautiful environment. Its towering gates, domes, arches, corridors & Mahals takes one back to the Royal Magnificence of the past & the age of chivalry. The Bassi Fort Palace has been converted into a Heritage Hotel with well furnished rooms & suites preserving its old charm, décor and grandeur.
Restaurant: Restaurant of hotel Bassi Fort Palace serves Indian & regional cuisine.
Bassi Fort Palace has 16 well appointed rooms. All the suits/rooms are spacious with Jharokhas, attached with running hot and cold water, dressing rooms and attractively appointed sitting rooms/ areas the period furniture.
Folk Dance, Boating, Doctor on Call, Jeep Safari, Trekking, Laundry, Travel Desk, Car Rental, Internet/e-mail, Horse Safari on prior notice.