text:
What does 'certified organic' mean?
'Organic' refers to a method of agriculture and food production.Organic agriculture begins with certified organic land, on which prohibited substances cannot have been used for at least 3 years. Organic agriculture also involves regular crop rotation to maintain natural soil health and eliminate the need for toxic synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. This optimizes the health and productivity of soil life, plants, animals and people, all of which are interdpendent. At Walnut Acres we call this interdependence 'thecircle of life.' fter all, certified organic foods and beverages contribute to better health and are good for the environment.
'Organic' is also a regulated labeling term that means the products are produced in accord with national certification standards established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Products that are certified organic cannot be made with ingredients produced with genetic modification, irradiation, sewage sludge for fertilization, growth hormones or antibiotics.
How are your products certified organic?
Our products are certified organic by Quality Assurance International. QAI is an independent, third-party certifying agent that verifies their organic integrity to meet the strict standards of the US Department of Agriculture.
QAI certifies the production process to ensure our products are indeed certified organic. Areas covered include certification of:
The land on which our ingredients are grown;
The farmers; and,
Post-harvest facilities that prepare our products.
Are certified organic foods better than non-organic foods?
At Walnut Acres we believe you can contribute to the long-term health and well being of yourself and your family and the environment by choosing certified organic foods.
Increasingly, conventional foods are made from ingredients that contain residues of toxic synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, antibiotics, growth hormones and other contaminants and may be irradiated. The
effects of long-term exposure to these are unknown, including the impact on the developing systems of children. Additionally, conventional farming, which relies heavily on toxic synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, depletes the natural fertility of soil.
Why did you switch from glass bottles to PET#1 plastic bottles?
Our new bottles are better for you, your kids and the environment because they are lightweight, shatterproof and easily recyclable.
We use only the best quality clear plastic bottles because they're easier and more efficient to recycle than glass. They're also the most widely recycled beverage container, and they're recycled to make such useful items as polar fleece and fiber-fill for jackets.
Environment Impact Facts:
• PET containers consume 25% LESS energy than glass*
• PET generates 70% LESS solid waste than glass*
• GLASS generates 23% MORE waterborne waste than PET*
• GLASS generates 60% MORE atmospheric emissions*
*Franklin Associates, 'Cradle to the Grave Analysis of Aluminum, Glass and PET containers'.
What is the difference between 'organic' and 'natural'?
'Natural' often is misrepresented in product labeling to imply 'healthful,' but 'natural' only means that the product has undergone minimal processing. Unlike products that are certified organic, natural products have no certification or inspection system. Also, 'natural' does not necessarily relate to growing methods or the use of preservatives.
What's new about organic food labeling?
New federal standards developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture went into full effect on October 21, 2002. Only certified organic products, like Walnut Acres, can be labeled 'organic' on the primary label panel because they contain at least 95% organic content. These are the only products that will be allowed to carry the USDA seal. Don't settle for anything less.
All Walnut Acres products currently fulfill the definition of certified organic and will carry the USDA seal beginning in October 2002.
For more information about the standards, visit http://www.ams.usda.gov/nop/
Are your products vegan?
Many of our products are vegan, however, not all are. If you have a question about a specific product, please review the ingredients on that product page on our web site. If you cannot find what you're looking for, contact us by e-mail or call us at 1-866- 4 WALNUT (866-492-5688) and we'll be happy to check for you.
Are your products vegetarian?
All Walnut Acres pasta sauces, kids snacks, salsas and of course our juices are vegetarian, and most of our soups are vegetarian. If you have a question about a specific product, please review the ingredients of the product. If you still have questions, don't hesitate to contact us by e-mail or call us at 1-866- 4 WALNUT (866-492-5688) and we'll be happy to check for you.
Can I order products directly from the company?
No, our products are available for sale only at retail locations such as supermarkets, natural food stores and gourmet specialty retailers.
Where are your products available for purchase?
Our products are widely available for sale in supermarkets, natural food and gourmet specialty food stores. Click here to find stores near you.
Did Walnut Acres used to make other products?
Yes. However, to focus on producing only certified organic foods and beverages and to make them more widely available, the company discontinued its catalog sales and many products in 2000. Now Walnut Acres certified organic soups, pasta sauces, juices, salsas and Fruit Squeezies are available nationwide at natural food stores and supermarkets.
Who reviews advertising or sponsorship proposals?
Walnut Acres only reviews written proposals for advertising or sponsorship. If you would like to submit
a proposal, please e-mail our Director of Marketing. Thanks for thinking of us!
What are the sales figures of Walnut Acres?
For information about sales figures for The Hain Celestial Group, Inc., please visit our corporate website at hain-celestial.com.
Why has the Millina's Finest name changed to Walnut Acres?
Millina's Finest certified organic pasta sauces are now produced by Walnut Acres, America's original organic food company since 1946. While changing the name, we have also improved our certified organic pasta sauces by adding more certified organic tomato chunks and certified organic olive oil, which make the sauces even better tasting and more chunky.
What is the sodium content of Walnut Acres soups?
The sodium content of Walnut Acres soups is about 30-35% lower, on average, than conventional soups, (e.g., Campbell) and is comparable to other 'natural' and 'organic' brands. Salt is an important part of good taste in most soups. Our soup recipes are made to provide great taste, convenience and are always certified organic.
Where do you get the ingredients for your products?
Walnut Acres purchases certified organic ingredients from many certified organic farmers and suppliers of certified organic ingredients. In addition, the company grows some of the ingredients we use to produce our certified organic juices.
Does Walnut Acres buy organic ingredients for its products?
Yes, sellers of organic ingredients can send us an e-mail and we will make sure it gets to our purchasing manager for consideration.
How do you develop the recipes for Walnut Acres products?
Recipes for Walnut Acres products are carefully developed by professional chefs. All recipes are then extensively tested by our Taste Panel for quality and taste. If you have an idea for a Walnut Acres flavor, we'd love to hear about it -- write to us.
Why did the Mountain Sun juices change to Walnut Acres?
Mountain Sun and Walnut Acres merged in 2001 and during 2002 the Mountain Sun label transitioned to become Walnut Acres. Like Mountain Sun, the new Walnut Acres certified organic juices continue to be hand-crafted, made from real organic fruits and vegetables, with nothing artificial added. Walnut Acres juices will not contain any high fructose corn syrup, artificial flavors, preservatives, artificial sweeteners or colorings.
How long can Walnut Acres products be enjoyed after opening?
It is recommended that any unused portions of our products be covered and refrigerated promptly. If stored under these conditions we recommend our products be consumed within 7 days of opening. Walnut Acres products do not contain artificial preservatives so it�s best to consume them when opening for the first time.
What are 'natural flavors' and why does Walnut Acres use them?
Natural flavors are used to balance and adjust the taste of some of our products. The term 'natural flavor' is a regulated term and refers to a concentrate of flavor that is derived from an ingredient without the use of synthetic extraction.
As an example, to concentrate a flavor like raspberry, organic raspberries or organic raspberry puree is mashed and then water is added. The organic raspberry mixture is then heated and the liquid evaporates, resulting in an organic raspberry concentrate and what is called a 'natural flavor.'
What are 'fruit juice concentrates'?
Pure fruit juice concentrates are fruit juices with most of the water removed. Fruit juice concentrates are made by placing fresh fruit juice into a low-pressure chamber, which draws off water with a minimum application of heat. This concentrates the fruit, which is then reconstituted using other juices or water.
We use fruit juice concentrate in some of our juices to balance and adjust the taste, so they consistently taste good every time you drink them.
Can cherry or blueberry juice relieve gout?
Yes. Cherry or blueberry juice (8 to 16 oz. per day) can be helpful to relieve the painful symptoms of gout.
Fresh and frozen cherries or blueberries can also be helpful.
Cherries and blueberries contain anthocyanidins that increase collagen integrity and decrease inflammation in joints.
where to buy | contact us | careers | FAQs | site map | privacy policy
©2002-2014 The Hain Celestial Group, Inc.
Walnut Acres™ is a registered trademark of The Hain Celestial Group, Inc.


The brand new, genre-hopping international duo Friends In Paris are releasing their second ever single into the world and It's called 'Be Right'.
After their eponymous debut Waiting, which was picked up by numerous blogs (over 500.000 plays on youtube and soundcloud combined), and a massively downloaded remix for Oscar & The Wolf, FIP dropped their second single called Be Right.
Off the back of this succes, 4 producers spontaneously offered to do a remix for this second single. The most famous one definitely being Villa (they already remixed Adele, Moby, Placebo, Royksopp,…) But 3 other young and upcoming talents also got their hands dirty with some remix action.
The duo known as Friends In Paris actually reside in separate continents – Kris Buckle is London bred and living in Australia, with producer David Newtron being Belgian born and inhabiting the UK's capital. The former is a guitar driven singer/songwriter who has worked with dEUS and Vive la Fete, while recently musical directing and playing guitar with Liam Bailey who featured on *Chase and Status'* *'Blind Faith'*. And David is known for being the writer, producer and frontman for The Subs, while producing for Lady Linn and The Van Jets and remixing the likes of La Roux, Chemical Brothers, Alt J and Cassius to name a few.
The single comes with four remixes – Villa emerges with squinted eyes on an evening sunset. The steady beat and soul delivered by the incredible Villa in this remix don't fail to stop you in your tracks and turn up that volume dial. Just when you thought that was enough they hit you with the most beautiful vocal harmony taking the song to the next realm and leaving a heartfelt lump in your throat. These guys earn their name with every beat! Sensational!!
With his remix Mickey Valen takes flight and with it 'Be Right' takes to the clouds soaring over valleys canyons and vast oceans. This colourful remix without doubt takes the track to the dancefloor as you find your toe involuntary tapping, arms spread wide and swaying! This one will have you hitting that repeat button.
With Azion still being in High School it's hard to believe such skill can come at such a young age. He gives a totally fresh and youthful view of the track with a thought provoking piano intro leading into an incredible digital foamy wash of synths and hard hitting beats and bass! Azion puts the track on your summer playlist! A chill step smasher!! Revive Us has such a mature approach and takes a completely new and innovative view on the track. Drawing in on a guitar part almost inaudible in the original, Revive Us have you floating in what feels like some sort of futuristic psychedelic desert head space on a tropical safari.


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Home | News + Events | Events | Amend wins WRI Ross Prize for Cities
Amend wins WRI Ross Prize for Cities
Amend has been awarded the inaugural World Resources Institute (WRI) Ross Prize for its School Area Road Safety Assessments and Improvements (SARSAI) program.
The WRI Ross Prize for Cities was created "to elevate examples of urban transformation around the world and inspire others to learn from these changes." It is sponsored by business leader and philanthropist Stephen M. Ross, chairman and founder of Related Companies and a WRI Board Director.
Amend was chosen for the prestigious award, which focuses on urban transformation, from among a shortlist of sustainabilty projects from many sectors including a program in South Africa to improve the livelihoods and capacities of informal vendors, restoration of a highly polluted river and public green space in Turkey, a waste pickers cooperative in India, and an aerial cable car connecting the most marginalized residents of Medellín, Colombia, to the city.
Accepting the award onstage, Amend Program Director Ayikai Poswayo said: "We accept this award on behalf of the children of the world, and their families, who have sustained road traffic injury or faced road traffic fatalities. To have our program, SARSAI, receive such recognition is really an honor, but, more importantly, an opportunity for us to spotlight the often neglected issue of safe journeys for children and the requirement for us to design our cities with the needs of the most vulnerable at the core."
Previous: Previous post: Commitment in Tunisia
Next: Next post: Nominations Open for the Prince Michael International Road Safety Awards

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For many years we've enjoyed the wonderful covers of Famous Monsters of Filmland, many of which were rendered by the brilliant Basil Gogos.
Enjoy this gallery of his work, compliments of All Sci-Fi.
The charcoal renderings below are phenomenal. Having worked in graphite myself, I have a special appreciation for the perfect use of lights and darks in these great pieces!
In addition to his artwork depicting monsters and horror characters, Basil did quite a few covers for "men's magazines". Nice work, eh?


Due to a new City ordinance, on January 1st, 2018 most homes listed for sale in the City of Portland are required to first obtain a Home Energy Score. Our sister company, A Quality Measurement now offers this service. Portland's policy is unique in that sellers are required to obtain the energy score prior to listing the home for sale. This can be a burden to sellers, but it is a benefit to buyers who want to purchase a home that uses less energy. The question that always comes up is, "If I get a low score, will my home sell for less?" I have two thoughts on this.
1. The Home Energy Score is like the miles per gallon (MPG) rating of a car. We all know that a car with a lower MPG rating is not necessarily less valuable than one with a high rating. For example, a luxury SUV may have a very low MPG in relation to a compact car. However, it is also likely that the luxury SUV will sell for more money. A low score does not necessarily equate to a low value.
2. On the other hand, a home with a lower energy score might sell for less. If two homes are equal except that one uses less energy, we can expect that a well-informed buyer will pay more for the more energy-efficient home. A long history of scientific (and unscientific) studies link a buyer's willingness to pay more for a home that uses less energy. However, most such studies involve new homes where buyers are more likely to have information about estimated energy consumption. Now buyers of used homes in Portland will have the information and scientists, appraisers, and real estate agents will be watching to see what happens. Here is a link to a blog post where I go into more detail about existing studies.
Happy New Year everyone and sorry my blogging has not been consistent of late. For appraisers, particularly those in the Portland area, last year was an incredibly busy year. Fees for appraisals went up by 50% or more in Portland. This was a shock to home buyers and others looking for appraisal services, but it represented the first raise for appraisers since the 1990s. Finally, fees in Portland are at a place where appraisers can attract fresh talent into an aging industry. Let's hope that these gains do not disappear in the next real estate slump, leaving appraisers looking for other ways to earn a living.
Speaking of other ways to make a living, many of my blog subscribers know that our company, A Quality Appraisal, LLC maintains a home measurement service, in addition to our appraisal business, that provides square footage estimates independent of an appraisal. Many appraisers also provide similar side services.
This last year was eventful for our home measurement business. Luckily, after a little research and not a claim or problem, we found that most appraiser Errors and Omissions (E&O) insurance providers do not cover appraisers when they are doing a measurement that is not part of the development of an opinion of value.
I was shocked when told this by one of the largest appraiser E&O providers because most appraiser E&O policies claim to protect customary professional services performed in the insured capacity as a real estate appraiser, and that many of the services appraisers can provide do not involve an opinion of value. How much more customary of a service is a measurement when almost all appraisers measure homes on almost every appraisal assignment?
After I pushed back against the E&O provider, a senior underwriter of the company responded that it would come down to the definition of appraiser as described by the insurance policy, and that they would need to decide if the measurement service was "usually and customarily rendered by a real estate appraiser." The underwriter explained that square footage estimates are not unique to the appraisal industry and non-appraisers can provide them. Coverage would only be triggered if an appraisal report underlies the square footage estimate.
The senior underwriter went on to explain that when a real estate agent or broker asks an appraiser for a measurement, it is because they seek to shift liability to the appraiser. The senior underwriter also said that measurements are considered risky by insurance companies and added that "about 50% of claims presented to our company involve sq. ft. issues." This was contrary to what I believed was true — that measurements are only a small piece of the appraisal liability and are easily verifiable. I knew if we wanted to keep our measurement customers, we needed to fix this problem.
To solve it, we contacted all companies that we could find in the US that are exclusively measurement businesses and asked where they secure E&O insurance. After chasing down numerous leads and talking to many insurance providers, we found that most home measurement businesses think they are covered through architectural or real estate policies. However, like appraisal E&O policies, when we contacted the insurance companies, we found out that measurement services are not actually covered.
For this reason, we sought legal advice. Thus, A Quality Measurement was split into its own business name and website, separate of A Quality Appraisal, LLC. After committing many dollars and countless hours, we believe that we have resolved our specific insurance and liability problems. We are not offering legal advice here, nor can we provide the plan our attorney put in place specific for our business. I merely suggest that if you are an appraiser doing home measurements, contact your E&O provider first to see if you are covered.
Are you an appraiser who does home measurements? We would love to hear from you.
Due to the shortage of appraisers in Portland, Oregon (and other places around the country), appraisers are bombarded with requests from Appraisal Management Companies (AMCs) requesting that they fill out mountains of forms; provide copies of identification, licenses, and insurance; submit to background checks, provide examples of work; and apply to be on the AMC's roster of appraisers. So how do appraisers know if the AMC will be a trusted client? How do appraisers know if the AMC will treat them fairly? Will appraisers be confident that private information will be safe? The AMCs vet appraisers, but do appraisers screen AMCs? Perhaps appraisers need to scrutinize AMCs just as diligently before doing business with them. Here is a list of seventeen things appraisers could do before signing up on that next AMC roster.
Most states require that AMCs obtain licenses. In Oregon, appraisers can go to the AMC Database put out by the Appraiser Certification and Licensure Board (ACLB) to see if the AMC has a license in good standing. Appraisers can also call the appropriate state AMC regulator for information that might not be available online. You worked too hard for your license to work for someone who is not licensed.
Ask the AMC if they have ever been investigated by any state AMC regulators or if they have been involved in any lawsuits related to appraisal management. If so, ask them to explain the outcome of the investigation.
Obtain the AMC's list of base or minimum fees paid for common appraisal products in your area. If starting fees are not acceptable, then you do not need to waste your time moving forward with the AMC screening process.
Inquire how many days before appraisers can expect to be paid following completion of the appraisal report. Remember money in 15 days is much more valuable than money in 90 days, especially in terms of business operation. Don't work for AMCs that fund their growth on loans from independent appraisers unless you are compensated appropriately for risk and interest on credit.
Request copies of the AMC's liability insurance and find out what that insurance covers. Would it cover a vendor appraiser who accidentally caused property damage at a subject property?
Determine if there are any fees associated with delivery of appraisals to the AMC's online portal. Many AMCs offset the cost of their technology through delivery fees to appraisers. If the AMC has a "technology fee" don't worry, you can add this to the price of your appraisal along with the appropriate third-party outsourcing markup.
Google the AMC's name and see what comes up. This might seem obvious, but some AMCs have been in the news for lawsuits related to unfavorable treatment of appraisers. You do not want to waste your time vetting an AMC that has a bad reputation. Even if no lawsuits come up, a quick Google search could result in a feel for the company and let you know if this is a company you want to work for. Remember that homeowners might think you work for this AMC when you show up to do the appraisal. Is this a company that you are okay with if homeowners get confused and think you work for them?
Go to national online appraiser Forums like 100% Real Estate Appraisers or I am a Real Estate Appraiser or a local appraiser forum like Portland's NW Appraiser Forum and search the group for threads about that AMC. If you don't find a thread, put one out there like, "Anyone ever worked with AnytownAMC? Was it a good experience? Did they pay you fairly and quickly?" You might be surprised how much you find out.
Ask for references from other appraisers who have worked with the AMC recently. You can interview those appraisers and ask if they have been treated well. Just remember that the appraisers on the reference list are more likely to speak positively about the AMC.
Request that the AMC obtains a business credit report through your favorite business credit reporting company. Reports cost between $30 and $100, but you can ask the AMC to pay for this expense in exchange for your consideration with being on their roster of appraisers. Doing business with an AMC that has poor credit could cost you big. Several years ago, I had to send several threatening letters to one AMC and book flights to visit them before getting paid. Soon after I was paid, the AMC went out of business. I found out through social media that other appraisers had been stiffed by that same company.
Obtain temporary access to the AMC's online appraisal delivery portal. If the AMC has a poor online ordering system, then working for them might be a headache.
Review the AMC's policy on appraiser performance scoring. Suppose that you only accepted more complex assignments (those that tend to raise more quality control red flags and take longer to complete) but you always complete the project on time. Will your performance score look inferior to another appraiser who only accepts easy assignments?
Determine if the AMC (not Fannie Mae, we already know what they do with appraisal data) is collecting data from the appraisals they manage and if so, will that data ever be sold?
Ask for a copies of the AMC standard engagement and independent contractor agreements. The appraiser can skim the contracts for non-customary appraisal requirements such as, required interior closet photos on all appraisals. Ask your attorney to review the agreements. It is likely that the AMC engagement agreement moves too much liability from the AMC to the appraiser (you would do the same if your lawyer wrote the contract), so it is important for appraisers and their attorneys to amend the AMC engagement agreement to bring the liability back into balance or avoid working with some AMCs. Amending these long engagements can be costly, but do not forget that such costs will be billed back to the AMC in the form of higher fees.
Review documentation concerning the AMC's request for value reconsideration process. It is likely that if you appraise for an AMC long enough, someone will dispute your value opinion. It is important to know in advance if the AMC has a fair process for value reconsideration, or one that puts undue burden on the appraiser.
Check the AMC's data protection policy and ask what steps have been taken to keep your private information safe. Also ask if the AMC has ever had any data breaches and if so, determine what systems have been put into place to ensure that data breaches do not happen again. Does the AMC have a policy that requires them to alert appraisers if they believe a data breach was possible?
I hope that you find this list helpful even though it is written partly in jest. My goal is to elicit thought and discussion about the imbalance of power and liability in our industry as it relates to appraisals done for AMCs and lenders. Remember that if an AMC fails in parts of your vetting process, the appraiser could charge a complex client fee to account for the shortcomings. If you missed my interview with The Appraiser Coach Dustin Harris, about my blog and how our business focuses on non-lender (non-AMC) type appraisal work, Click Here.
I just returned from a daytrip to Las Vegas where I addressed the attendees of the Appraisal Summit and Expo. It was such an honor to speak at this event alongside my business mentor Roy Meyer and to meet some of the most involved and inspirational people in the appraisal industry. My only wish is that I would have been able to stay longer to build more connections and listen to more of the speakers.
Also while in Vegas, I was interviewed for an upcoming episode of the Appraiser Coach Podcast with Dustin Harris, I got to meet Jeff Bradford and demo the new Bradford Technologies Appraiser Mobile App, and I received a live a demo of ANOW appraiser business management software. Talking directly to the people behind these brands and seeing them in action is so much more valuable than visiting a website. It was definitely a worthwhile trip.
If you were at Appraisal Summit and Expo, hopefully we got a chance to meet. If we did not connect, please get in touch with me online and perhaps we can meet up at the next big appraisal event. One of the things that I most enjoy about being an appraiser is meeting appraisers from all over the country.


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Q: Passing onchange event in object notation I have a simple code, which goes with a more complex code though I will only be showing the snippet in the object notation.
var test = {
    add: {
        select: function(options){
            console.log(options.id);
            console.log(options.className);
            onchange: function(){
             //code here
            }
        }
    }
}

That is the code above, as I've tried many instances to make this work firing Vanilla JS or even jQuery to make it fire. The code to make it work would look like this-
test.add.select({
    id:'id',
    className: 'class',
    onchange: function(){
        if(key===0){
            console.log('0');
        }else if(key===1){
            console.log('0');
        }else if(key===2){
            console.log('0');
        }
    }
});

Key is being set as the actual select menu key. Please see the JSBIN for a much better visual.
http://jsbin.com/amonid/1/edit
Basically when the select is change for now console.logging is what I am doing, later on I will change it for the needs I have. Can someone explain to me how I would go about adding this all?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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If you are planning to extend the `Model` it is very important that you also extend the `Collection` with the following, at a minimum:

```js
// Bare minimum required to avoid errors and make sure order of layers being loaded doesn't matter
Backbone.Collection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
  model: Backbone.Model
});
```

If you don't do that then you will likely run into errors since models created by passing POJO's into the `Collection` constructor or `add`/`set` will cause it to instantiate the wrong model. Note that you don't have to set the `model` property if you are not extending the `Model`; however, it is harmless since it's a no-op otherwise and it makes your code future proof.

-----

Here is a basic template that you can copy for creating a new layer:

```js
;(function() {
  function load(_) {

    return function(Backbone) {
      Backbone.Model = Backbone.Model.extend({
        // Your extension here
      });

      Backbone.Collection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
        model: Backbone.Model,

        // Your extension here
      });
    };

  }

  // Support AMD loaders
  if(typeof define !== 'undefined' && define.amd) {
    define(['underscore'], function(_) {
      return load(_);
    });
  } else if(typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
    var _ = require('_');
    if(!module) module = {};
    exports = module.exports = load(_);
  } else {
    // NOTE: You'll want to change `addExtension` here to some other unique global name to describe your service layer
    this.addExtension = load(this._);
  }
}).call(this);
```

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Fairfield, ME – Kennebec Valley Community College (KVCC) will hold its first-ever "Admit in a Day" event July 24 giving potential students a one-stop option for enrolling in a program for the fall 2014 semester.
The event will be held from 1-5 p.m. in the King Hall Campus Center on the Fairfield campus. Those interested should plan to bring an official sealed copy of their high school transcript, immunization records, and 2013 federal tax forms and W-2 forms.
The event is free and open to the public and the application fee will be waived for those attending.
Prospective students will be guided by professional advisors as they take placement tests, fill out applications, apply for financial aid, and be reviewed for admission in a four hour period.
Anyone with questions about the event should call 453-5822. Updated information will also be posted on the college web site at kvcc.me.edu.


Take a moment to reflect on all the touching and uplifting experiences we shared this conference weekend with these spectacular photos from the Deseret News and Church News.
Photo by Jeffrey D. Allred, Deseret News.
Photo by Steve Griffin, Deseret News.


text:
Q: How can you capitalize this word in VIM snippet? EDIT — This is not possible with coc-snippets. It's possible with Ultisnips.
I've got the following vim snippet that I'm using (with coc-snippets) for React:
snippet STATE_HOOK "useState hook" b
const [${1:state}, set${1:`!v expand('%:t:r')`}] = useState($2)
endsnippet

This could be used to quickly create the following (incorrect) code:
const [color, setcolor] = useState("green");

The problem is that the setcolor needs to be camelcased, like this: setColor
How would one write this snippet so that the expanded input is capitalized?

A: I was testing some different things and you can use:
snippet STATE_HOOK "useState hook" b
const [$1, set${1/\w+/\u$0/g}] = useState("$2")
endsnippet

How it works:
Checking the documentation I found that you should overrite the text with the same text but capitalized, so \w+takes all the text (I think that '+' is unnecesary) and overrite it with \u$0 (is the same text but capitalized)

A: Strings like foo-bar or foo_bar are easy to turn into fooBar and fooBar is easy to turn into foo-bar or foo_bar because the two parts are easily identifiable, which gives you a structure to work with.
There is no such thing with usecolor. There is no separator and everything is of the same case so you can get quite a bunch of valid camel-cased names out of that string: usecOlor, uSeCoLor, etc.
You have three options:

*

*camel-case your filenames so that you don't have to perform any transformation,

*kebab-case or snake-case your filenames to make them easy to transform with a simple substitution,

*come up with extensive rules and find out how to transform random strings in a satisfactory and reproducible way.

I would go with number 1.


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1. Access to childcare
1.1: Subsidise 95% of the cost of childcare up to a benchmark of $11.55/hr. Remove all means testing of childcare.
Discussion Start
The Science Party believes that the provision of childcare can help redress inequality. In particular, carers (who tend to be women) spend substantial time outside of the workforce raising children. The out of pocket expenses of childcare makes the existing childcare benefit scheme inaccessible for people who have lower salaries. Ensuring that affordable, accessible childcare is available to all will help address issues of income disparity and representation in senior roles by allowing women to return to their careers earlier. The Science Party believes that early childhood education is extremely important for learning and participation, and that all children should have the opportunity to attend preschool.
Our scheme substantially reduces the out of pocket costs of childcare. This will increase access to childcare, particularly for those on lower incomes. The Science Party sees this as an important investment in both the education of Australian children and in the workforce by allowing parents to return to work when they choose. This will ensure primary carers are given additional time in the workforce to advance their careers and hence assist in redressing some elements of income disparity.
Table: Childcare costs and out of pocket expenses ($) under
the government's and the Science Party's proposals
Childcare costs per
10-hour day Childcare costs per
50-hour week Out of pocket expenses per child per 50-hour week
Current system Science Party proposal
Removal of means testing of childcare will simplify the system, while not greatly increasing the cost of the system, as very few people earn enough to activate the full means testing exclusion. The Science Party remains opposed to means testing of government benefits in cases where means testing increases the effective marginal tax rates of individuals to the point where taking on additional work provides close to no financial advantage to the individual.
The Science Party's policy is somewhat similar to the proposal put forward by Social Services Minister Scott Morrison in May 2015, however, we believe that more stringent means testing and work activity testing will make the scheme difficult to administer and will make accessing childcare more difficult for parents who are sporadically employed. Employment reporting should occur through Centrelink, either through lodging pay slips that indicate ongoing permanent employment or automated through the existing systems that manage earnings declarations for the purposes of Newstart and other allowances. A more detailed discussion of the projected outcomes of this scheme in terms of return on investment and workplace equality is here.
Discussion End
2. Childcare standards
2.1: Ensure all children have access to a combination of high-level training and appropriate conditions for early childhood educators.
Current national standards stipulate minimum contact hours with trained childhood educators, educator:child ratios, and formal training for educators. The Science Party does not believe that childcare minimum standards need to raised. Rather, the Science Party believes that allowing all parents to access childcare is the highest priority. We believe that all children in childcare should receive some element of formal education, however increasing minimum standards will increase costs. For parents who wish to send their children to more educationally focused child care, the option to pay for this level of education is still available to them.


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BWB have arranged for services diversions and procurement of suitable services supplies on behalf of Strawsons and carried out the preliminary and detailed design of the adoptable highway and drainage design infrastructure incorporating road-side swales, wetland areas and balancing ponds. BWB also carried out a Project Management service for Strawsons, preparing development cost plans for the various stages of development and carrying out a tender and contract administration service on the four infrastructure/landscaping contracts let to date.


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Metaphor in European Philosophy after Nietzsche
An Intellectual History
Andrew Hines
Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900), German philosopher
35 other titles
Studies In Comparative Literature 54
ModernGermanPhilosophy
When one encounters a metaphor in the Humanities, the interpretation of that metaphor is dominated by either cognitive linguistics or post-Kantian European philosophy. Each of these traditions holds a differing view of how the meanings of metaphors are created. But today, in political ideology, the meanings of metaphors are rapidly shifting. The question is no longer, how is meaning created, but how meaning shifts. One of the ways to untangle our assumptions about metaphor is to revisit a key moment in its evolution. In this lucid and provocative study, Andrew Hines provides an intellectual history of the influence of Friedrich Nietzsche's conception of metaphor on European philosophy and how that conception underpins key interpretative challenges in contemporary culture and politics.
Andrew Hines is Lecturer in World Philosophies at SOAS University of London and the Thyssen Research Fellow at the Centre for Anglo-German Cultural Relations at Queen Mary University of London. He is a contributing editor of the Journal of the History of Ideas Blog.
Hines, Andrew, Metaphor in European Philosophy after Nietzsche: An Intellectual History, Studies In Comparative Literature, 54 (Cambridge: Legenda, 2020)
First footnote reference: 35 Andrew Hines, Metaphor in European Philosophy after Nietzsche: An Intellectual History, Studies In Comparative Literature, 54 (Cambridge: Legenda, 2020), p. 21.
Subsequent footnote reference: 37 Hines, p. 47.
Hines, Andrew. 2020. Metaphor in European Philosophy after Nietzsche: An Intellectual History, Studies In Comparative Literature, 54 (Cambridge: Legenda)
Example citation: 'A quotation occurring on page 21 of this work' (Hines 2020: 21).
Example footnote reference: 35 Hines 2020: 21.
www.mhra.org.uk/publications/Metaphor-in-European-Philosophy-after-Nietzsche
www.mhra.org.uk/publications/sicl-54


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Acta Trop. 2010 Feb;113(2):180-9. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.10.015. Epub 2009 Oct 30.
Resistance to the organophosphate temephos: mechanisms, evolution and reversion in an Aedes aegypti laboratory strain from Brazil.
Melo-Santos MA1, Varjal-Melo JJ, Araújo AP, Gomes TC, Paiva MH, Regis LN, Furtado AF, Magalhaes T, Macoris ML, Andrighetti MT, Ayres CF.
Insecticide resistance is one of the main problems in vector control programs. Because insects have developed resistance to all classes of available chemical insecticides, a proper surveillance and management of resistance in areas where these compounds are being utilized is crucial for the success of control programs. Since the mechanisms and molecular bases of resistance are various, they must be characterized to allow efficient monitoring strategies. Here we report the establishment of an Aedes aegypti strain resistant to temephos, named RecR, selected under laboratory conditions. The parental A. aegypti population was obtained from eggs collected in an area where temephos had been used for 8 years, and presented a baseline resistance ratio (RR) of 7. After 17 generations under selective pressure, the RR has increased to 180. Biochemical assays indicate that metabolic mechanisms are involved on temephos resistance in the selected strain. These experiments showed that, compared to the susceptible colony Rockefeller, RecR present higher activity of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), alpha- and beta-esterases, and, to a lesser degree, mixed function oxidases (MFO). At the 14th or 17th generations, there was no cross resistance of these insects to deltamethrin, cypermethrin and malathion, while a low resistance level (RR=3) was observed for pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analogue. Experiments on resistance reversal, performed through three different field simulated schemes using the resistant strain, showed that temephos susceptibility can be recovered. The establishment of an A. aegypti colony resistant to temephos is extremely valuable for a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms and thus for further improvements in control strategies against this vector. With the urgent need on improving methodologies to monitor resistance, molecular studies such as microarrays, and resistant colonies such as RecR will certainly hasten such studies.


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Home | Mises Library | How Empires Really End
How Empires Really End
Financial MarketsThe Police StateTaxes and SpendingWar and Foreign PolicyWorld HistoryCapital and Interest TheoryMoney and BankingPolitical Theory
10/25/2004Sean Corrigan
Here is what the standard historical textbooks will tell you. The Romans, after nearly four centuries of occupation, abandoned Britain in the year 410 a.d., when the western Emperor Honorius sent a "Rescript"—or official proclamation—to the leaders of the British municipalities, telling them, thereafter, to look to their own defense.
Those same books—with their urge to chop history up into neatly packaged slivers—then roundly declare that "Civilization" was abolished and that the "Dark Ages" promptly began.
They will inform you that, within the space of barely two generations, the feeble British had abandoned the fertile lowland fields and farms, which their ancestors had tended since the last Ice Age, giving them up to a few boatloads of Germanic pirates and that they began to flee, finding a bleak refuge in the harsher highlands on the oceanic fringes of their island.
And why would this not be true—no less than Rome herself was sacked by Alaric and his Goths that same year, was it not?
As for Honorius, well, he was sheltering safely in Ravenna while his people were enduring the barbarian siege. The story goes that when he heard the news of its ruin, he thought it was a lesser evil than would be the death of his pet cockerel of the same name!
But rather than using the words of a fool in purple, historians consider the cataclysm was better encapsulated by the pen of St. Jerome, who gave out a whole series of lamentations, wailing, in one letter, that:
"...the bright light of all the world was put out, or, rather, when the Roman Empire was decapitated, and, to speak more correctly, the whole world perished in one city."
Here and now, sixteen centuries later, in my line of work as an investment analyst, you come across more and more latter-day St. Jeromes, wherever you turn.
I know of people who are selling up and moving to seek Shangri-La in the Southern Alps of New Zealand. I've met those who think Paradise is to be found among the palm trees of the Dominican Republic or Costa Rica.
A smart and very highly-educated American with whom I'm friendly speaks for many when he ends an e-mail with the words: "I'm looking forward to seeing you in Zurich. The way things are here, I might even stay."
In fact, it's becoming increasingly common for well-to-do professional folks and retired businessmen to reveal, in the course of a conversation, that they are prey to increasing anxieties about their future.
These people evidently fear that their quality of life can no longer be guaranteed and they often don't know what they can do about it.
Meanwhile, out in the wider world, the Gold Bugs and the more extreme religious crazies (of all faiths) have seemingly set up a joint venture.
These two incongruous lobby groups have joined hands in trying to persuade people that the End of Days—financial or universal—is at hand.
What they seem to have agreed upon is that when God/Jehovah/Allah/Shiva is shortly revealed in all His mighty wrath and when He causes credit to collapse and the stock market to plunge, He will expect the Faithful not to be caught up in the rout.
Oh, no! For the mark of the True Believer is that, when the Crash comes, he should be ready to take the Lord straight to where he has his gold coins buried instead!
As that mellifluous voice of carefully-crafted pessimism, Bill Bonner, put it, in a recent piece:
"We like gold the way we like stacks of firewood, jars of canned green beans and cheerful women. They make the going so much more fun when the going gets rough. As we mention above, the going has never been easier. So easy have things become that people no longer see the need for reserves. . . . But someday, the going may not be so good. We hold it in inventory for the day when 'just in time' fails and 'just in case' comes back into style . . ."
This sounds eminently more reasonable, but, in truth, it is simply more of the same doom-mongering—just more soothingly and articulately expressed by a master of the art.
For my part, I'll admit that our rulers' chickens finally may be coming home to roost, and that ours will be the generation up to our necks in guano.
However, I'm among those who also find this vogue for paranoia—this cult of the Apocalypse—both unattractive and unfruitful.
The lesson of history
This is where the story of Rome— and the manner of its telling—is particularly instructive. This is because, as frequently happens in life, if we look beyond the banner headlines of despair, we can find cause for hope.
We can also draw several parallels with what is happening to us today—though not on the way our present crop of St. Jeromes would do it.
Let's take a glimpse at how Rome and her history can give us a reaffirmation of our unshaken belief in the ability of Everyman, acting as a free individual, to repair all the damage ever done by history's tyrants and their tax gatherers.
The first thing to be pointed out is that, however dramatic the official version of those past events, what historians—and, more emphatically, archaeologists—are coming to realize is that, changes in political leadership aside, nothing very much at all can otherwise be found to distinguish the days before 410 a.d. with those afterwards.
Rome may have swapped leaders. Violence may have been done and property destroyed on a considerable scale. Individual tragedy was, we suspect, both undeniable and heart-rending, as it always is in such times.
Yet, the vast majority of men and women still lived their lives, tended their livestock, took their goods to market, and worshipped their gods, as they had always done—Rome, or no Rome.
The thrifty and the enterprising still, on the whole, fared better than the prodigal and the unthinking. In fact, freed of the crushing exactions laid upon them by a Rome always eager to bribe its vast, unproductive military class into quietude, they may even have been left to enjoy more of the fruits of their own labors than usual.
But, the academic historians have always sought to ignore things like this, for these are concerns of common people—of traders and farmers—and historians focus mainly on the swaggering fools at the head of the State—on generals and governors.
Even if we momentarily share their obsession and even if we stick to the old texts, unbacked by any harder evidence, the accepted view does not bear much scrutiny.
Take the case of those feeble Britons, for instance.
Here, it should be noted that Honorius' letter was not a denial of some grovelling plea for aid, but a recognition of their de facto and self-attained independence.
In early 5th-century Britain, memories still burned with the flames of the pogrom unleashed by Emperor Constantius II's emissary, Paulus Catena, sixty years before, after the native leaders had backed the wrong contender in a struggle for his master's throne.
Many of the current leaders' fathers had probably collaborated in fomenting what the texts call the "Barbarian Conspiracy," in 367 a.d.—traditionally viewed as yet another mark of Britain's weakness, but now being revised into what may actually have been another concerted attempt to shed the Imperial yoke.
In fact, far from being wretched, the Britons invaded the continent several times themselves after this supposed disaster; notably, under Maximus in 383 a.d., and, again, under Constantine III in 409 a.d. They even deposed two previous, more circumspect leaders in swift succession in order to give Constantine his shot at the title!
Thus, just a year before Honorius wrote his famous missive, one faction of the Island Celts had already come close to deposing him, while another spurned his rule completely.
As Zosimus wrote of the period:
". . . [events saw] some of the Celtic peoples defecting from the Roman rule and living their own lives, independent from the Roman laws. The Britons therefore took up arms and, braving the danger on their own behalf, freed their cities from the barbarian threat. And all Armorica and the other Gallic provinces followed their example, freed themselves in the same way, expelling the Roman officials and setting up a constitution such as they pleased . . ."
If this was the case, if some Celtic Washingtons and Jeffersons had, indeed, won and formalized their people's freedom, what of the notorious "Groans of the Britons" letter, addressed to Generalissimo Aetius a generation later? Surely this must prove that British sheep were still being shorn by Saxon wolves?
Well, perhaps not, for it can better be read as the futile obsecration of one pro-Roman (and Augustinian?) faction, losing out to their retro-Celtic (Pelagian?) foes.
Note that, in it, the plaintiffs were bleating that "the barbarians push us to the sea; the sea pushes us back to the barbarians: between these two kinds of death, we are either slaughtered or drowned."
Anglo-historians swell with pride here, assuming that their virile Saxon forebears are pushing the effete Welsh off the cliffs of Cornwall, but a far more realistic construction is that supreme commander "Vortigern's" men are riding the imperial faction into the surf in Kent!
Moreover, as late as 470 a.d.—when the Saxons had supposedly started their "ethnic cleansing"—it was a contingent of 12,000 Britons under King Riothamus (tentatively identified by some as Vortigern's disobedient warrior son, Vortimer) which is said to have sailed up the Loire in the unsuccessful effort to succor the Emperor Anthemius against his Gothic foes.
So, contrary to popular belief, military aid and military adventurism did not always flow West from Rome, but often it was directed the other way around!
The victors write the history
But, no matter.
Objective truth counted for little when generations of Englishmen had been schooled in the ways of Rome and were taught to treat its authors' propagandistic Latin as plain fact.
Who understood that these same worthies and their teachers were all too eager to trace their contemporary naval and commercial pre-eminence back to the alleged superiority of their race?
Who realized that history must bend if Victorian overlords were eager to see in their own Empire a reflection of more ancient glories?
Thus was conjured up the myth of the Anglo-Saxon supremacy and its counterpoise, the rapid descent of the degenerate post-Roman Britons back to the mud huts and pig sties from which their Italian masters had briefly roused them.
As evidence for this, the historians cited the collapse of urban society.
They noted the dwindling of the cash economy as the barely-civilized savages retreated to rural isolation and relied, once more, upon barter for the exchange of their few, poor goods.
Deprived of their Tacituses and Cassius Dio's, they scorned the natives' lack of learning and mocked the dearth of literacy, which had replaced the renowned intellectual salons of the auxiliary castra.
The fact that the Celtic Church, sponsored by the sovereign Celtic princes, was the re-educator of continental Europe and that its footsore saints were the proselytizers of both Faith and Science throughout these times, was neatly overlooked.
Even on the economic front, the distortions are plain.
New archaeological evidence and recent reinterpretations of old data suggest the towns had been undergoing a continual period of slow decay for many years prior to 410 a.d. and that the cause was not to be found in barbarian depredations, but in Rome's own dysfunctional society.
For far too long, Rome had lived by conquest—through seizing, by force of arms, what its spendthrift patricians and Caesarian mafiosi could not hope to gain by trade alone.
But once the Empire came to butt up against lands too infertile to be worth the taking, or against terrain too inhospitable for its Legions to control in the face of active native "insurgents," this predatory State turned increasingly inward to devour its own wealth producers instead.
Punitive taxes were needed, above all, to pay the vast numbers of soldiers.
In some strikingly modern ways, it was mainly the military contractors and the tradesmen (and trollops) in the towns (vici) which sprang up alongside the legionary camps who did well out of equipping and servicing (in all sorts of ways) their oppressors.
Naturally, in response to these tolls, rich men sought to keep their wealth to themselves, as far as was possible.
Rather than squandering money—some of it borrowed at hefty rates of interest—to build public edifices, such as baths and temples, solely for reasons of prestige, the urban elite began actively to avoid such impositions.
Indeed, the former privilege of Roman citizenship and the pride of holding the offices which accrued to it became such a burden that the wealthy retired to the Dominican Republics of their day, their country villas.
There, they could minimize the loss of their property to overt taxation and there they could avoid the constant, unsubtle pressure for those contributions aimed at displaying their loyalty to the regime.
So, unrepaired and unfrequented, town centers began to look dilapidated, long before any unwelcome barbarian tongues were heard in their near empty streets.
Fex urbis, lex orbis
Added to all this was the presence of that perennial, wasting affliction, that debilitating disease so often visited by reckless rulers on their long-suffering subjects—monetary inflation.
Long before Alaric's Goths had plundered the so-called Eternal City, its money had become so debased that Imperial tribute and taxes were having to be levied in kind, not in cash.
This greatly decreased the efficiency of the process. It also hurt the leadership indirectly, because it made tax collection more personal and more violently confrontational.
Gradually, then, the whole empire had become little more than an arena in which competing warlords would raise forces to bid for the throne.
Increasingly, its farmers and merchants were seen as nothing more than tax slaves to be exploited in order to provide the Dole to the restless urban proletariat and to buy the fickle loyalties of the ever-important soldiers.
Over time, the difference between the "barbarians" and the Romans was becoming blurred, too.
For one, the legions' military pre-eminence became eroded as the hardy peasants of Italy in its ranks gave way to the unwilling sons of the conquered who were conscripted in their place.
Additionally, many sons of the unconquered would volunteer to join them—attracted by the pay and conditions and by the very modern enticement of the chance to learn a trade.
There was also the prospect of becoming a man of mark back home when the volunteer's term was up. This was an advancement aided substantially by the often sizeable retirement bonus with which nervous emperors made further attempts to keep the military caste onside.
That bonus, could, of course, be most readily employed as capital in a business which relied on the veteran's ability to use his inside contacts. He could call in a few favors, grease a few palms and so win a lucrative tender to supply his old army mess mates with their victuals, their gear, or their trinkets.
Once more, the parallels with today's "revolving doors" are obvious, Mr. Cheney.
But, it wasn't just the soldiers: "foreign" tradesmen and artisans, too, had learned what there was to learn from Rome and they applied it both in their home markets and inside the imperial lines.
While this meant tribal leaders far beyond the empire's boundaries were able to show off their collections of Roman jewellery and plate and to quaff the best Roman wines when feasting with their henchmen—just as their unsavory equivalents today all drive Mercedes and sport Rolex watches—it was they who often had the better of the terms of trade.
This must have discomfited the Romans then no less than China's new manufacturing competitiveness or India's growing software programming skills frighten British and American union bosses today.
Rome, then, was not only undermined from within, but it became much less singular in its abilities, as knowledge of its technologies and innovations diffused across its borders.
The lessons we should draw from all this is that though things were, in some senses, gradually getting worse as the Fifth Century began, many of the evils were not the result of sudden irruptions of savages from the outer fringes of the world, but were due primarily to a slow corrosion from within.
Inflation, arbitrary government, swingeing taxation, the confiscation of property—often undertaken on the flimsy pretext of punishing dissent, or after the accidental infringement of some obscure regulation: these we would all recognize as things which plague us today.
The development of an increasingly remote, self-serving and fabulously wealthy governing elite; the destruction of the bedrock middle class; the reliance of the poor on State grants and subsidies; the inhibition of free enterprise and the pervasive militarization of society—these are all things we also know all too well.
Our Rome, too, may be ending in exactly this fashion and in this, the End-of the-World crowd may be right about a coming reckoning.
But, just like Ancient Rome was lost long before the Goths invaded her precincts, it will not be our empire's external foes who bring it down, but the self-inflicted wounds from which it has been suffering for decades.
Should we care?
At the margin, perhaps, we should, for we may have to work that bit harder to make our way against people outside the empire who will now be able to compete on a more level playing field than before.
But what we should also remember is that Rome's passing was not universally mourned—certainly not by those at risk of its institutionalized terror.
As the noted British archaeologist, Sir Mortimer Wheeler summed it up, after a lifetime of work in the field:
"I suffered from a surfeit of things Roman. I felt disgusted by the mechanistic quality of their art and by the nearness of their civilization at all times to cruelty and corruption."
We should recall also the passages above which showed that the Briton and some of their Gaulish cousins thrived under their new found freedoms and their recovered self-determination.
We should listen to the testimony of the present generation of less-hidebound archaeologists and historians who are beginning to see matters in a different light to that by which their professors worked.
Men such as Francis Pryor, who goes to great lengths to point out that history (and prehistory, too, in his case) provides much more evidence of continuity, overlaid with gradual change, than it does of revolutions or mass invasions.
In fact, based on a careful study of settlement patterns, artifact finds and burial practices, Pryor even doubts whether the "Anglo-Saxons" themselves might not be largely or wholly a post-dated fiction, constructed to give one set of relatively successful British kinglets a suitably glorious lineage, the better to distinguish themselves more clearly from their losing opponents among the other, no-less British kinglets!
At present, that seems too far a stretch for me, but his point is nonetheless well made.
To return to the main issue, will the fall of our Rome mean a fundamental change in the way our lives will be lived?
I would contend not and to support this contention, I would ask you to consider the historical record again.
Over four centuries of occupation—and countless more of commercial traffic—Britons adopted certain Roman mannerisms, were influenced by Roman religious cults, and sought to purchase Roman consumer goods, just as people in Tehran today wear Levi Jeans and Nike trainers while listening to REM or Eminem on their iPods.
But, at heart they remained Britons and, beyond even that broad classification, they were individual acting humans, each driven to provide for himself and his family through working to satisfy their needs.
In their labors, these Britons were aided by the use of what capital they had and they appreciated the benefits which came from specializing in a trade.
In this, they did best when their property was most secure from either legal or criminal jeopardy.
Then, just as now, they would look for opportunities to exchange the surplus to which their trade gave rise. They would swap it for others' surplus goods at the best mutually agreed rate they felt they could achieve.
In short, their lives—like ours—were dominated, not so much by their rulers, as by plain old economic necessity: by matters such as scarcity, choice, capital, income, profit, and enterprise.
Do you suppose that all of this was called into question because a Pope died, or an Emperor was usurped?
Do you suppose people thought that the local warrior prince—even if he spoke German, or Welsh, not Latin—was any less, or any more, of an inevitable ill with which to put up than were the procurators and legates of a distant sovereign?
Do you think it will matter now if a President is thrown out, or if a Prime Minister resigns?
Now, as then, Men will adapt to their new circumstances—as they always do, if their government allows them the necessary freedom.
Yes, there may be economic upsets and, yes, certain long-standing trading networks might become defunct. Conversely, new business ventures will suggest themselves as being potentially profitable and ships will still ply the deep oceans, with holds stuffed full of goods to exchange.
No doubt, different loyalties will be expressed as the balance of political risks changes.
Threats to life and property will take newer forms, though not necessarily less bearable ones.
Crucially, the blessings of thrift and hard work and the fruits of enterprise will still be enjoyed—especially where the State's footprint lies a little less heavily on the soil.
In summary, life will go on today, as it did even when the mightiest Empire history had known was sinking into legend.
Life will go on, in the 21stCentury as it did in the 5th—different, yet the same.
If we cut through the religious intolerance and ascetic distaste evident in the words of the sour old monk we met earlier, Saint Jerome himself, from his hermit's cell in Bethlehem, had already recognized this, well before the embers had ceased to smoulder in his erstwhile City of Light:
"The world sinks into ruin . . ." he wrote, as mournful as ever. "The renowned city, the capital of the Roman Empire, is swallowed up in one tremendous fire; and there is no part of the earth where Romans are not in exile. . . ."
But, pay particular attention to what he had to say next:
". . . and yet we have our minds set on the desire of gain. We live as though we are going to die tomorrow; yet we build as though we are going to live always in this world"
Well, of course, his contemporaries did just that—and it was no sin that they did, either, but rather a matter for thanksgiving!
For, why wouldn't we expect people to go about their daily lives in much the same fashion as they did before; buying and selling, building and dreaming, speculating and investing?
And why won't we carry on, pretty much regardless, even if our modern Western Empire loses its pre-eminence in its turn?
No. The one thing of which we can be sure is that—whatever the details of the looming change—more will stay the same than will be altered by it.
What you should do about it
Buy gold, then, if you will—but only because you share the view that it is very much harder to acquire than paper money is to create and that this means it should tend to maintain its value better.
But, whatever you do, don't buy it as part of a retreat from life you are making just because times seem more uncertain than they used to appear.
In trying to preserve your liberty from the zealots in charge of today's increasingly Roman State, don't surrender it instead to your fears by becoming either a metaphorical or an actual survivalist.
Don't be tempted to hole up in the mountains with only your water purifier, your rifle, and your Krugerrands for company for, if the end of the world does come, no amount of gold is going to comfort you very much.
But if it is only our version of Rome which falls—this will not invalidate the lasting truth that your own wealth is best preserved when it helps another entrepreneur in the process of creating his.
This means you must not hoard what is yours, for its real worth will only dwindle, if you do, eaten away by inflation, confiscated by the tax farmers.
No, rather, you must keep on trying to invest it wisely by using it to participate in undertakings which make their owners a living through serving their post-Imperial, just as their pre-Imperial, customers better than their competitors can.
All in all, you know the Emperor Honorius may not have been such a fool, after all.
Maybe his rooster—a most useful bird, economically speaking— did matter more than the fate of any ruler or regime, for the final lesson we must draw is that, as long as Men are Men, entrepreneurship will always outlast empire.
So, take note, you "historians of decline": our times will be no exception!
Contact Sean Corrigan
Sean Corrigan is the author of 'Money, Macro & Markets' newsletter & Consultant to Hinde Capital.
What Is the Mises Daily
The Mises Daily articles are short and relevant and written from the perspective of an unfettered free market and Austrian economics. Written for a broad audience of laymen and students, the Mises Daily features a wide variety of topics including everything from the history of the state, to international trade, to drug prohibition, and business cycles.
Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommerical-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) unless otherwise stated in the article.


Web Bio : Stephen Knapp grew up in a Christian family, during which time he seriously studied the Bible to understand its teachings. In his late teenage years, however, he sought answers to questions not easily explained in Christian theology. So, he began to search through other religions and philosophies from around the world and started to find the answers for which he was looking. He also studied a variety of occult sciences, ancient mythology, mysticism, yoga, and the spiritual teachings of the East. Finally, after his first reading of the Bhagavad-gita, the classic summary of Vedic philosophy, he felt he had found the last piece of the puzzle he had been putting together through all of his research. This increased his understanding of everything else he had been studying. Therefore, he continued to research all of the major Vedic texts of India to gain a better understanding of the Vedic science, until he became a full-fledged follower and practitioner of Sanatana-dharma. Under the authority of Srila A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Stephen and was given the spiritual name of Sri Nandanandana dasa and became initiated into the spiritual line of the Brahma-Madhava-Gaudiya sampradaya.
He has also been to India numerous times, and works with many organizations on lecture tours, and has visited almost every state of the country, and most of the main and many minor holy places of India.
Stephen has so far written 27 books on various aspects of Vedic culture, available through Amazon.com as both paperbacks and Kindle Ebooks, as well as 12 additional Ebooks that answer many questions about Hinduism/Vedic culture that you can find on his website at www.stephen-knapp.com or simply http://stephenknapp.info .
Stephen is also the founder of the World Relief Network which helps to spread genuine spiritual knowledge throughout the world, and is also one of the founders and president of the Vedic Friends Association (VFA), a non-profit organization for networking with other serious writers, researchers and teachers who help protect, preserve and expand the knowledge and benefits of Vedic culture, and with students who join to learn more about the Dharmic traditions. More about the VFA can be found at its website at: www.vedicfriends.org.
An introduction to Stephen's many books, articles, research, photography of India, and other projects can be found at his website: www.stephen-knapp.com or http://stephenknapp.info.


LCD Soundsystem doesn't just make music; they make music about music. The group has made a clever kind of sampling-by-way-of-interpolation their calling card, and many of their songs reference the rich history of dance music from the '70s to the present day. Sometimes these references are less pronounced, and at other times they're almost like covers or reinterpretations. But no matter how they're presented, they're almost always delivered with a knowing wink to the listener. Now, on the eve of the release of the band's new album, American Dream, we took a look at some of the more notable references the group's made over the years.
This song is pretty much entirely about references. There are shout-outs to the first Can show in Cologne, to Larry Levan's Paradise Garage, to Basic Channel, to Faust, Manuel Göttsching, The Swans, Juan Atkins and to Daft Punk. In fact, it famously breaks down halfway and turns into an incredibly memorable name-dropping extravaganza, in which Murphy emulates Afrika Bambaataa's hype patter in "Planet Rock" when he drops a knowing "Just hit me!" Less obvious, though, is the rhythm of the song itself, which recalls the minimalist lo-fi computer rhythm of Killing Joke's '80s B-side, "Change".
This is one of the band's most incendiary live songs. There are many references hidden inside this track, but one of the most immediately obvious comes in the form of the charging disco rhythm that echoes the crisp, snappy playing heard in another extended-length dance classic: The Trammps "Disco Inferno". This can be heard in the thumping bassline and in the straight-up Philly-style four-on-the-floor bombast.
This song may well have officially kicked off James Murphy's Kraftwerk fixation. "Disco Infiltrator" leads with the funky and strobing synth line from "Home Computer". More than just simple sampling, "Infiltrator" creates a whole new song from a riff, and it still stands alone as one of the best 12-inch singles from the early-'00s dance-punk movement.
This was LCD Soundsystem's Suicide moment. Though there are no actual direct references, this song brings to mind two other works almost immediately: the minimalist rhythm is a nod to "Ghost Rider" by legendary New York no wave band Suicide, and the vocals are styled to sound like the ranting and raving of The Fall's Mark E. Smith on "Telephone Thing".
LCD Soundsystem often lean on synth-pop, no wave and post-punk sources, so it makes sense then that they'd reference a group that embodies all three of those things. "Thrills" is their homage to The Normal's synthwave classic "Warm Leatherette", and what an homage it is. The stop-and-go rhythm, the abrasive synthwork and Murphy's own vocals show that LCD also knows how to get gritty.
LCD Soundsystem's second studio album, Sound Of Silver, begins with a fairly obvious reference to Kraftwerk's "The Robots" on "Get Innocuous!". Though you might immediately assume we're talking about that hissing mechanical rhythm that serves as an intro, the truth is that it's actually the chunky, arped-out bassline. The overall effect is a tip of the hat to the legendary Düsseldorf outfit in the form of creative reinterpretation.
Anyone who's heard James Murphy DJ knows that the man is extraordinarily fond of Macho's extended-length mid-'70s disco epic, "I'm A Man". What makes that song so effective in clubs is its extraordinarily long hard rock drum solo. Considering the track has been a fixture in Murphy's sets for a long time, it makes sense that he would point to it on "Freak Out!".
The first song on This Is Happening goes a little deeper than other LCD cuts. Rather than lifting from or referencing famous artists, the synth rhythm that leads the song is lifted wholesale from The Pool's '80s cosmic disco classic "Jamaica Running". The track is considered one of the classics from Cosmic, the pioneering Italian club that counted Danielle Baldelli as its resident selector and birthed cosmic disco as we know it today. You can hear a mix of cosmic disco sounds in Baldelli's mix for EB.Radio.


text:
Huayi Bros Targets Wanda With Dadi Investment
By Patrick von Sychowski | January 17, 2017 9:36 pm PST
The rivalry between the Dalien Wanda and Huayi Brothers is intensifying, with Huayi investing CNY ¥78.85 million (USD $11.5 million) for 95 million shares in Dadi Cinemas, China's second largest cinema chain. The deal gives Huayi Bros a 4.56% stake in Dadi, making it the company's third-largest shareholder and allowing for vertical synergies for the film production and distribution major.
Last year the Huayi-produced "I Am Not Madam Bovary" was allegedly removed from Wanda cinemas after the director Feng Xiaogang criticised Wanda chairman Wang on social media. The film had performed strongly despite being an arthouse film, but the Wanda de-programming is said to have hampered the films box office takings and created animosity between Huayi and Wanda.
The rivalry between Huayi (founded by brothers Wang Zhong Jun and Wang Zhong Lei) and Wanda goes back further with Wanda supposedly unhappy that its senior executive Jerry Ye (aka Ye Ning) left Wanda to join Huayi as head of movie operations early in 2016. Prior to "Bovary" it is alleged that Wanda also hurt the box office prospects of Huayi's US animation "Rock Dog". Before that, Huayi scored a big hit by co-distributing "Warcraft" in China together with China Film Group (CFG), even though Wanda had acquired Legendary Pictures, which produced the film.
Going into 2017 Huayi knows that it needs to secure access to Chinese cinema screens, so investing in Wanda's biggest rival was a necessary move. While typically overshadowed by Wanda, Dadi (Earth) Cinema has gone from being the eighth largest to second largest cinema operator in China in the past six years. It is currently the fastest growing cinema chain, even beating Wanda in terms of new openings.
Ms Yu Xin, General Manager of Dadi Cinemas.
In the first half of 2016 Dadi had box office revenue of CNY ¥2 billion (USD $292 million), an increase of 24.3% on the same period from the previous year, representing 8.1% of China's box office. Dadi has 643 cinemas built or contracted across China and despite the rapid expansion for the first six months its profits increased 436%. While the second half of the year is may have seen a slowdown, Dadi is likely to have been less affected than its smaller rivals.
Previously Dadi secured a CNY ¥1 billion (USD $146 million) investment from Alibaba Pictures Group (APG), which gives it an indirect stake of 4.76% in Dadi and making it the exhibitor's second-largest shareholder. Far from just giving Dadi funds to build more cinemas, the deal also covers movie promotion, e-commerce and additional film-related businesses. It is one of several deals that Dadi has secured in recent years as part of a well crafted strategy by General Manager Ms. Yu Xin, backed by Dadi Cinema Group Chairperson Ms. Liu Rong. The two might not be household names in the west like Wanda chairman Wang, nor have they embarked on a foreign cinema buying spree (yet), but Ms. Yu and Ms. Liu have built a formidable cinema operator focused on the Chinese market.
China's media regulation authority SARFT has been slow to issue licences for new cinema operators, though this may change in 2017. So investing in Dadi rather than applying to open more of its own screens, then securing deals with mall operators and finally building them, was an expedient move for Huayi, which is also heavily involved in several other media ventures. The investment in Dadi will be used to build new cinemas in the race to catch up with Wanda.
It should be noted that Huayi itself already has 16 cinemas, including the flagship Huayi Brothers Film Exchange that opened in Beijing in November 2016, followed by the 10,000 square meters Huayi Brothers Film Center in Xiamen that opened on 8 December 2016. It has even signed an agreement with Imax for three screens. But while these cinemas represent a fusion of film screenings, high-end catering and private custom services in a new luxury-style cinema environment, they did not represent a significant enough market share to help their films. But Dadi does.
The first fruits of the new Huayi-Dadi partnership will come during the Spring Festival (Chinese New Year), which will see the release of the Huayi-distributed Jackie Chan vehicle "Kung Fu Yoga" and Dong Zijian's "Youth Babylon".
Huayi Brothers Cinema – flagship luxury cinemas.
Tags: Wang Jianlin, Wanda Cinema Line, Huayi Brothers, Alibaba Pictures, Yu Xin, Dadi Cinemas, Liu Rong, Wang Zhong Lei, Wang Zhong Jun


"I visited the country to see how beautiful its nature is."
Translation:Mi vizitis la landon por vidi kiel bela estas ĝia naturo.
"Sia" refers to the subject, so it can never appear in the subject itself, and the subject of "estas" is "ĝia naturo".


text:
<?php

namespace FuzzyAi;

class AgentTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testEvaluate()
    {
        $this->mockRequest('POST', '/agent/testId', array(), array(), 200, array('X-Evaluation-ID' => 'test-eval-id'));

        $agent = new Agent($this->client);
        $agent->id = 'testId';
        $eval = $agent->evaluate(array());
        $this->assertEquals($eval->id, 'test-eval-id');
        $this->assertEquals($eval->outputs, array());
    }

    public function testCreate()
    {
        $this->mockRequest('POST', '/agent', array(), $this->agentResponse(), 200, array());
        $agent = new Agent($this->client);
        $response = $agent->create(array());
        $this->assertEquals($agent->id, 'testId');
        $this->assertEquals($agent->inputs, array());
    }

    public function testRead()
    {
        $this->mockRequest('GET', '/agent/testId', array(), $this->agentResponse(), 200, array());
        $agent = new Agent($this->client);
        $agent->read('testId');
        $this->assertEquals($agent->id, 'testId');
        $this->assertEquals($agent->inputs, array());
    }

    public function testUpdate()
    {
        $this->mockRequest('PUT', '/agent/testId', array(), $this->agentResponse(), 200, array());
        $agent = new Agent($this->client);
        $agent->id = 'testId';
        $response = $agent->update(array());
        $this->assertEquals($agent->id, 'testId');
        $this->assertEquals($agent->inputs, array());
    }

    public function testDelete()
    {
        $this->mockRequest('DELETE', '/agent/testId', array(), $this->agentResponse(), 200, array());
        $agent = new Agent($this->client);
        $agent->id = 'testId';
        $response = $agent->delete();
    }
}


In Monster's new podcast, our career expert Vicki Salemi explains how to end an abusive relationship—with your boss.
According to a recent Monster poll, more than 30% of workers say they have (or have had) a horrible boss. What do you do if the one person responsible for your day-to-day happiness at work—not to mention your career—is just awful?
If you're early in your career, it can be a tough call. On the one hand, you might think, "I need this job, and I have to pay my dues," but working with a boss who is aggressive, underhanded or jealous is downright demoralizing.
Not sure if you've got a toxic boss? Take a look at the four most common offenders. You can hear more about the four types in my conversation with Vicki Salemi in our new Monster podcast here and by listening below (please subscribe to hear more!) or keep reading.
In terms of sanity and peace of mind, this is probably the worst type of boss to have—someone who thinks it's appropriate to berate or belittle you in public, treating you like a child, and not an employee. "This is the boss who's yelling, 'You screwed up!" in front of your entire department, literally leaving you in tears," says Salemi.
If you're stuck with a verbally abusive boss who thinks it's OK to humiliate you, you should definitely approach HR, says Salemi. But if nothing changes, you might just have to cut your losses and get out. "One client of mine with a screaming boss ended up quitting and she didn't even have another job lined up," says Salemi. "She just said, 'I'm done. This is wreaking havoc on my self-esteem. This is toxic.'" Before it gets to that point, start looking for a job ASAP. Even if you have to take a step down, or even a pay cut, it could be worth saving your mental health.
Salemi says you don't always have to run for the hills if you're stuck with one. "You can try to manage your manager by anticipating their needs. Be proactive," she says. "If they ask you constantly for a report before every Friday meeting, give them the report Thursday night, so they don't ask you the question." Basically, use their attention for detail as a way to make sure you're on top of your game. Once you prove to them that you're 150% "on it," they may even relax a little.
Listen to our podcast to hear more about how to deal with horrible bosses and how to find a great mentor.


text:
Q: UI testing with AVPlayer I'm looking for a way to test my application that use an AVPlayer.
How can I load a video file? I tried to record the manipulation but recording stop when calling NSOpenPanel.runModal().
Any idea?


text:
Rams WR Stedman Bailey shot, in critical but stable condition
St. Louis Rams wide receiver Stedman Bailey warms up before a preseason NFL football game against the Tennessee Titans Sunday, Aug. 23, 2015, in Nashville, Tenn. (AP Photo/Weston Kenney)
St. Louis Rams third-year wide receiver Stedman Bailey was shot Tuesday night and is in critical but stable condition in a Florida hospital.
Bailey was wounded twice in the head and is expected to undergo surgery Wednesday, a source confirmed to ESPN.
The Rams released a statement, saying, "We are aware Stedman Bailey was involved in an incident this evening. We have spoken with Stedman and he is in the hospital in critical, but stable, condition. We are gathering facts about the situation and will provide updates as we learn more."
Bailey was sitting in a car with several people when he was shot, a source confirmed to ESPN. The driver of the vehicle was shot multiple times while attempting to shield children in the car from bullets. His wounds are more serious.
Multiple reports said Bailey was in Miami Gardens, Florida, when he was shot. Bailey went to high school in the Miami area.
Earlier this month, the NFL suspended Bailey four games for violation of its policy on substance abuse. Because he was suspended, Bailey was not made available to the media, but he took to his Instagram account to post an extended apology in which he referred to his choices as "idiotic" and "disgraceful."
Rams coach Jeff Fisher said Bailey would be able to stay around Rams Park during his suspension but that would be mostly limited to working out.
Bailey also was suspended four games for violating the policy on performance-enhancing substances before the 2014 season. That suspension was later reduced to two games after a change in the league's policy.
Bailey, who was the Rams' 2013 third-round pick out of West Virginia, had been the Rams' third receiver for most of this season but was rarely involved in the offense. He had 12 catches for 182 yards and a touchdown in the first eight games. His touchdown celebration against the Cardinals, in which he pretended to go to sleep in the corner of the end zone with the football as a pillow, drew a fine for using the ball as a prop during a celebration.
Goodnight #RamsNation 😴 pic.twitter.com/2rGdtzwGIs
— St. Louis Rams (@STLouisRams) October 5, 2015
"Just going up against an opponent like Arizona, everybody counted us out, so it was just a message to the world not to sleep on the Rams," Bailey said when he learned he was fined.
"I kind of knew once I did it to make it quick," Bailey said. "I just stayed on the ground for about three seconds and popped up and celebrated with my team. It's a lesson learned."
He is eligible to return to the active roster Dec. 7 after the Rams' game against Arizona.
ESPN's Josina Anderson, Nick Wagoner and The Associated Press contributed to this report.
Rams WR Bailey is hospitalized after being shot
Rams WR Stedman Bailey is in critical but stable condition after being shot twice in the head on Tuesday night.
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