When the grave of the local lady of the manor is dug up so that her husband can be buried beside her, the villagers of Fenchurch St Paul are horrified to find that there is another body in the grave – one that absolutely shouldn't be there. The vicar, who is acquainted with the famous private detective, Lord Peter Wimsey, calls him in to help solve the mystery. Lord Peter quickly finds out that not all is as it seems. There is much confusion over the identity of the body, which eventually leads Lord Peter on a trip to France. The theft of an emerald necklace several years before also appears to be tangled up in the crime. In this case, Lord Peter's detective skills are pushed to their limits. Who was the dead man? And why was he buried in someone else's grave?
Lord Peter Wimsey is upper class and likes to make out that he is much more stupid than he really is, to confuse the criminals. He has made a reputation for himself as a detective and, having built a good relationship with the police, he is privy to facts that others aren't aware of, and this helps him with his cases. He is quite annoying as a character; there is something so superior and perfect about him that I find it hard to like him. He also tends to take a back seat in a lot of cases, including this one, and so comes across as rather dull. Thankfully, this is one of Sayers' stronger stories, which makes up for the rather dull main character.
The 'working class' is represented by Lord Peter's manservant, Bunter, whom Lord Peter met during the war. Much as I like the concept of Bunter, who is more of a friend to Lord Peter than a servant, he is just a little too rough and ready to be true. I don't really know enough about Sayers' background to be sure, but I suspect that she mixed in higher social circles and so tended to base her working class characters on caricatures. Nevertheless, he is a pleasant change from the rather proper Lord Peter, so on some levels, it certainly does work.
The story itself is strong and I did really enjoy it. What lets it down though is the constant reference to change ringing. This is apparently all to do with the way in which church bells are rung in a pattern. However, this was over-complicated and frankly not all that necessary for the story – perhaps it is something that older generations would understand more. I skipped moste of these sections. Eventually, the bells do play an important role in the story, but the details of how they are rung seemed superfluous, and merely provided yet another excuse to show how clever Lord Peter is.
In case anyone was wondering, the title of the book refers to the nine times the church bells are rung when a local man dies (women don't get as many for some reason!).
Many modern readers are likely to be hampered by the old fashioned turn of phrase that Sayers tends to use. It is understandable enough, but makes the prose stumble at times. Sayers' contemporary, Agatha Christie, always managed to keep her prose simple, which has meant that, over time, it hasn't aged all that much. Sayers detailed descriptions of items and clothes pertaining to the period date it much more, which unfortunately makes it less accessible to twenty-first century readers. Nevertheless, it really is worth putting up with the odd language and after a while, it becomes second nature.
What I do like about the book, apart from the plot, is that it does provide an interesting insight into village life of the time – particularly the social classes. There was very much a hierarchy in that there was a lord of the manor, who everyone else bowed and scraped to, then special standing was given to professionals, like the doctor and the vicar. The others were given respect according to their age. I found all this interesting, particularly when comparing it to modern day life. I don't really approve of the hierarchy; but it is a shame that the respect for others and neighbourliness that exists in this book doesn't seem to be as obvious today. As a social history, it is fascinating.
Agatha Christie will always be my favourite of the so-called Queens of Crime, but I do like the occasional Dorothy Sayers book and this one is a good example, despite its faults. The ending is very well written and absolutely impossible to guess. Recommended to any fan of crime fiction – just bear in mind that the writing may seem slightly stuffy to begin with.
Published by Hodder and Stoughton, it has 299 pages.
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Hearings on H.R. 5956, H.R. 1741, H.R. 17822, and H.R. 17936 hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Second
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Standard Barrel and Grades for Apples hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Second
Coinage of McKinley Souvenir Dollar hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth
Regulation and Control of Manufacture, Sale, and Use of Weights and Measures. hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth [Part 1]
To Fix the Standards for Climax Baskets hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth
To Standardize Berry Baskets hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth
To Establish a Standard Barrel for Fruits, Vegetables, and Other Dry Commodities hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Third
To Establish a Standard Barrel for Fruits, Vegetables, and Other Dry Commodities and To Establish a hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Third
Establishment of Standard Weights for Various Commodities hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth
To Fix the Standards for Berry Baskets hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth
To Standardize Lime Barrels hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Fourth
To Establish a Standard Box for Apples hearings before the United States House Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures, Sixty-Third
History of the Coinage Act of 1873, being a Complete Record of all Documents Issued and the
Modern Methods of Measurements. Extracts from Hearings on Britten Metric Bill
Cost of Mint at Carson City. Letter From the Secretary of the Treasury, in answer to a resolution of the House of the 13th instant, relative to cost of the mint at Carson City, Nevada
Branch mint in Montana. Memorial of the Legislative Assembly of Montana, praying for an appropriation for the establishment of a branch mint in the Territory of Montana
Mints, assay offices, and coinage. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury to the speaker of the
Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, relative to the coinage of nickel five-cent pieces at the branch mint at New Orleans, accompanied by an explanatory letter from the director
Charges for melting bullion
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The foundation stone of the electric vehicle (EV) battery factory of SK Innovation has been laid in Komárom. The largest energy and chemical company in South Korea establishes its first battery concern outside of the country, to supply European automotive partners with the third generation lithium-ion products from Hungary. The investment worth of EUR 313 million creates 410 new jobs, while the annual production capacity is expected to reach 7.5 GWh that enables the company to supply batteries up to 250,000 electric or hybrid vehicles.
SK Innovation, one of the largest Korean companies has a history of more than half a century. The company is an important player in petrol production and processing, but also in chemical and electronic field. SK Innovation is producing lithium-ion batteries since 2006 to, among others, partners like Hyundai-KIA and Daimler.
The battery division of the company is establishing its very first location outside of Korea in Komárom, on 430,000 square-metres. SK Battery Hungary will produce state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries for fully electric, plug-in and hybrid vehicles, on two production lines. The project worth EUR 313 million creates 410 new jobs, and serial production is expected to start in the first half of 2020.


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Altius Alliance
Mathematics (2LG8)
http://www.altiusalliance.org.uk
The Altius Alliance will ensure that you are trained, coached and mentored by experienced, highly effective practioners and Specialist Leaders of Education (SLEs) to achieve QTS and a PGCE (SCITT)
All trainees undertake at least one of the 3 placements at Cheadle Hulme High School and a further placement at another school within our Alliance.
Teachers in the Maths department at Cheadle Hulme High School are all subject specialists and are supported by teaching and administration assistants. The large department includes a central office / subject workroom which offers a space for collaborative working within the department.
At KS3 students are taught in mixed attainment groups. Lessons cover ideas from proportional reasoning to algebraic manipulation and geometrical reasoning. The school is involved in the Mastery Teaching National Project which started with the England-Shanghai Mathematics Teacher Exchange Project
At GCSE we follow the AQA syllabus for all students and the majority of students are taught in mixed ability groups. We have one Year 11 group who also follow the Edexcel Statistics syllabus.
The course:
The course runs from September to the end of June.
All of the time is spent in schools (apart from 4 days at university to undertake the Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) (SCITT).
The course comprises:
•	Generic teacher training
•	Maths pedagogy programme - reflecting the KS3 and KS4 content outlined above
•	SEND with mental health programme
•	Three assessed teaching placements (11-16)
•	Enhancement placements – a SEND school, Post 16 and primary placement (unassessed)
•	Enrichment opportunities
•	PGCE (SCITT) with 60 Masters credits
QTS: This is an evidence based course where trainees are required to maintain and submit files of evidence of meeting the Teachers' Standards (DfE). These files comprise school experience files, formal lesson observations, pedagogy tasks, specific generic and curriculum-based tasks.
PGCE (SCITT): Two assignments (5000 words each) at Masters level.
'The SCITT has an excellent reputation for producing NQTs who are confident and competent teachers.' (Ofsted 2017)
The selection process will involve an initial application (two references are required to support this application) after which applicants may be short listed to attend an Assessment Day.
Successful candidates will be invited for interview at Cheadle Hulme High School. During the process, which lasts for approximately 2 hours, you will be welcomed by a representative of the Alliance and given an overview of the programme.
The interview process will be conducted in two parts. Candidates will be observed teaching a short segment of a lesson to a group of pupils. The requirements for this and information about the pupils being taught will have been sent with the invitation for interview. This will be followed by an interview with a member of the SCITT team and a subject lead.
Candidates will be informed of the outcome of the interview via UCAS within 2 working days.
There are approximately 12 secondary schools in the Alliance across Stockport, Manchester, Tameside and Cheshire. All formal training takes place at Cheadle Hulme High School and all trainees undertake their first assessed teaching placement (11-16) at this school, from September until Christmas.
After Christmas trainees move to another school within the Alliance for their second assessed teaching placement (11-16). As a small provider we endeavour to take account of participants' locations and personal circumstances when arranging second placements.
Around Easter time trainees return to their first placement school; although some opt to remain in their second placement school until the end of the course.
In summary, there are three assessed teaching placements (11-16) over two schools throughout the course.
In addition to these the trainees spend some time in post 16 and primary environments to experience settings either side of the 11-16 age range. These are called enhancement placements and are not assessed.
You must already possess, or expect to be awarded, the equivalent of a UK Honours Degree with a minimum 2:2 degree classification. Degree modules must be at least 50% relevant.
GCSE English Language and Maths grade C or 4 achieved at time of application.
'Teaching is the most difficult profession of all. The only time a physician comes close to doing what a teacher does is when the doctor faces an emergency room of multiple patients with multiple conditions, all of whom need immediate attention. That's what a teacher deals with every day in a class of 30.'
Lee Shulman
Adapted from Educational Leadership, Vol 67 (5), February 2010
You need a high standard of personal organisation, a willingness to learn, a passion for your subject and, above all, a desire to work with young people to help them achieve their potential.
Before trainee teachers start their training, they must have met the following academic condition:
• passed both the numeracy and literacy professional skills tests
as well as the following non-academic conditions:
• been screened by the Disclosure and Barring Service to make sure they are not barred from working with children and vulnerable adults
• been assessed as having the health and physical capacity to teach so that children and young people in their care would not be at risk of harm
The Altius Alliance SCITT provides a school-led route which 'ensures that trainees have the opportunity to hone their practical teaching skills in an intellectually rigorous context. Training balances conceptual understanding with the practical toolkit trainees need to teach in schools.' (Ofsted 2017)
The SCITT is a partnership of primary and secondary schools across Greater Manchester, Stockport, Cheshire and Tameside. In 2017 the SCITT was judged to be an outstanding provider of Initial Teacher Training by Ofsted.
The SCITT is based at Cheadle Hulme High School (11-18), consistently the highest performing state school in Stockport and judged outstanding in all areas by Ofsted in two successive inspections. All formal primary and secondary training takes place here and all secondary trainees undertake their first and final placements at this school. Primary trainees undertake their assessed placements in one of our Alliance primary schools.
The Ofsted report lauded the training programme stating that 'exceptionally well-designed training enables trainees and NQTs to thrive.' The current and former trainees told the inspectors it had been 'a privilege' to train with the SCITT and praised the 'excellent levels of support provided by leaders and managers.'
Trainees who successfully complete their training are recommended for qualified teacher status (QTS) 11-16 (secondary) or 5-11 (primary). All gain a postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE), with 60 Masters credits, from our partner Manchester Metropolitan University.
Choose to train with us if you want 'a robust and rich school-led programme that demands high expectations alongside offering opportunity and challenge.' (Ofsted 2017)
The Altius Alliance is committed to Equal Opportunities for all our applicants. If you have any specific requirements we would be pleased to discuss them with you.
There are schools within the Altius Alliance which have full disability access.
contact@altiusalliance.org.uk
Cheadle Hulme High School
Woods Lane
SK8 7JY


Somehow another month just flew by, which means, it is time to announce the book for April. This month I am looking forward to reading Anne Lamott's new book, Hallelujah Anyway (released April 4th). My mom first introduced my to Anne Lamott when she gave me a copy of, Traveling Mercies just before I began my sophomore year of undergrad at Bard. Since then, I have been a bit of a fan, to say the least, reading all of Lamott's published work. I do hope you will join me in reading, Hallelujah Anyway this month.
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Hrvoje Horvat is one of the candidates for the Croatian handball national team selection. The son of the legendary Hrvoje Horvat Cveba is the leader of a new wave of young handball experts, and his coach talent for the last two and a half years is grinding in Naše Nexe.
For years he led Dubrava, where he achieved remarkable results, then he was given a chance in the younger categories of the Croatian Handball Federation, so that Nexe would come as a further logical step for a higher level.
And in Našice Horvat this season is doing a fantastic job. Last weekend with a victory over the Slovakian champion Tatran Prešov secured a place in the Final Four of the SEHA League, and in that regional competition they are currently in the first position, with the same number of points and match more than PPD Zagreb and Vardar.
Now that the check-in card for the regional finish, Nexe is preparing for the next big thing: EHF Cup. The elimination of the Greek Olympiakos (they won in both matches) won the placement in the group stage of the EHF Cup, where they were placed in the group with German Hannover, Hungarian Tatabanya and Macedonian Eurofarm Rabotnik.
After having made the club's historic result last year in the quarter-finals of the EHF Cup, it is now a desire to repeat it. This Friday in the first round will be played in Tatabanya.
Prior to club topics, Horvat speaks on a topic related to the national team and the World Championship held in Germany and Denmark.
Even during the World Cup, Nexe came to the forefront as a club in which the real hit among the Cowboys – Marin Šipić.
– The public is very surprised at his games, but that is the part of the public that handball does not follow regularly, but only in January when there are big competitions. He is an extra class, he will be better and better, and he will progress in Nexe and his status in the national team will be even better when teammates understand how all values are adorned. He is a pivot that has something that a little circular attacker has.
– He's hunting the ball with both hands, he's agile, extremely powerful and explosive, and he is adorned with a great realization. A real modern pivot.
Your second player, who was among the Cowboys at the World Cup, was the right wing of Ivan Vida.
– After that initial nervousness he showed that he could be a worthy substitute for Zlatko Horvat, who fantastically played the World Championship. He is also a great prospect, and on the trail is Šipić, a worthy and talented player.
He would have Nexe and three national team players at this World Cup that Lino Cervar invited Halil Lamb, a left back who is the biggest hope of Croatian handball and a real bombarder from outside positions.
– Halil proved himself at the Mediterranean Games, and we missed the shot, penetration and energy he had. We were too sterile in the attack.
– I think Halil was invited, so that we could talk about him in the same way as Šipić. The fact that we had three national teams says that Nexe is doing well and I am convinced that all our players will one day leave to leave Našice as better players than when they came. We want to develop players, so the club grows, and this is also shown by the results.
This season in Nexe is excellent.
– The climate in the club is very good, we are focused on the result and the win, there is no pressing, and the goals are the biggest. There will be difficult times, it's clear, but even then we have to stay firm.
For the environment in Nexe idyllic and that the players have everything they need for quality work, coach Horvat emphasizes the merits of one man.
Excellent results also changed Nexe's image as a club.
– We can now bring players of a stronger profile, which was not the case before. And this is our greatest strength, it is now easier to get a stronger name in Nexe.
For years Nexe has been approaching PPD Zagreb, and this season has finally succeeded and won. It was in the first round of the SEHA League, another year. What is Nexea's ultimate reach?
– We are going step by step, following our story to improve our work. We are on a healthy path, and where will it lead us – we will see.
How does Horvat look at the sixth place at the World Cup?
– We can not and can not be satisfied with the sixth place. Of course, there are teams that are better than us, but we have to go to every competition with the belief that we can win a medal. We should try to shoot at the medal. To be understood, no one can say that the sixth place is a failure, but one day when we set up the system, then it will be normal again to fight for medals regularly – Horvat concluded.
Evgeni Trefilov awaiting heart surgery!


Interested in presenting a workshop at HLAA2019 Convention (June 20-23) in Rochester, NY? Call for Papers is now open with new tracks! Find more information on the Call for Papers page. Please note that there is a separate form for State/Chapter workshops.
The HLAA2019 Awards Nomination Packet is also available now. HLAA will honor outstanding individuals, HLAA Chapters and State Organizations, companies, and corporations at the HLAA2019 Convention. If you have any questions about the submission process, please send them to awards@hearingloss.org.
We would like to ask for your help in gathering information regarding your HLAA Chapter or State Organization's online communications efforts as they relate to your website and social media presence. Your participation in this survey would be appreciated even if you don't have a website or use social media. Every response is helpful to us, so please fill the survey out as thoroughly as you can. The survey should take no more than 10-15 minutes and we ask that you complete it by Monday, October 15, 2018. Access the survey by following this link.
Note: By taking the survey your chapter or state association will automatically be entered into a drawing for a chance to win one complimentary registration to the HLAA2019 Convention in Rochester, New York! Please see detailed information about this drawing at the very end of the survey. If you have any questions about the survey or drawing, please email chapters@hearingloss.org.
Chapter Update forms were due by October 1, 2018. If you still have not submitted an update form, it is available to download on the Leader Resources page under Annual Requirements. Please submit this by emailing it to chapters@hearingloss.org or mailing it to the HLAA office at your earliest convenience.


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Today we continue our journey on exploring the five senses. We had science experiments about colors and sounds. Today we study the sense of smell. Most of us can smell. There are smells every where, good and pleasant smells, bad and nasty smells, … But why can we smell? Where are the smells from? Why there are so many different smells? How does smell affect taste? Here are some fun activities for kids to learn about the sense of smell. We may not be able to answer all your questions about smell, but we sure are able to help you to learn more and think more about the smells.
Why can we smell? This short article explains about nose and how the smell signals are sent to our brain. It even explains how smell impact our taste.
This is a smart science activity design for kids to learn about smell, a tea bag match game. Kids not only learn different smells, but also learn how the pictures and colors can help them identify the smell.
To expand the smell test to other objectives, you can pick some other items for a smell test: garlic, coffee, bread, chocolate, lemon, orange peel, vinegar, ginger, black pepper, onions, cilantro, cinnamon, various fruits, such as apple, peach, banana, mint. All these are food, and safe to kids to smell and touch. Some non-food items you can use: dirt, pine needle, grass, leaves, flowers.
Or you can do a food hunt by smell. Collect some food and non-food items from the list above, and put them in a covered small container, like empty yogurt container. Ask kids to smell each and tell you what they smell and if they want to eat what's in the bottle. At the end, reveal the items in the containers, and see how many of those they claimed they want to eat are eatable.
Another fun smell activity is to identify family members' clothes by smell. Have kids blindfolded, and pick some family members' clothes and let the kids smell and guess whose clothes they are. This activity will tell kids that we all have certain smells.
I found this painting by spice idea, and think this is a great activity combining art and science. Find all the spice you can, and mix them with water or oil, and start painting based on the smell. How fun is that?
While this is an activity that is hard to control the timing, but when it happens, it is a fun science to talk about. Why fart smells? and why the person who farted is the last one to smell it? Find the answers in this article. You can also find information on fart food, and learn what happens if you fart in space.
Now we learned different smells, it is time to test who is the most sensitive to smells. Find 3 different perfume or fruit juice with strong smell. Prepare 9 empty spice bottles (or other small bottles), and fill them with the same amount of water. Drop each perfume in 3 bottles, each with a different number of drops, say one bottle with 2 drops, one with 5 drops, and one with 10 drops. Make sure to mark each bottle with the perfume and the drops at the bottom of the bottle. Now have kids smell each bottle and see if they can smell the smell from each bottle, if not, which one they can smell, and which one they can't. You may have to adjust the number of drops to adapt to each child's sensitivity. Hopefully the children will find out that we all have different sensitivities for different smells.
Do you have fun smell activity ideas? Please share!
To find more science activities for kids about the five senses, visit 45 Science Activities Teaching the Five Senses.
You will also like Science Experiments for Kids to SEE Sound and Science Experiments for Kids about Colors.
What a interesting activities for kids! Thank you for sharing this!
You make the statement, "We all can smell." Just an interesting side note that not all of us can. I have no sense of smell at all, and neither does one of my sisters. Nada, and never did. Confirmed by testing at a Taste and Smell clinic that it was congenital for both of us. So just like some are born blind or deaf, some are born unable to smell. It's neither here nor there to your experiments for kids who can, just thought I'd point it out.
Thanks so much for pointing that out. I will update the post.


So, here I am, writing out this blog post in Word with the intent to post it when Blogger becomes available again. The irony of Blogger's unavailability is the fact that I feel like that could be MY status message lately.
Life has been BUSY. In a home with five children, this is never a new thing. In the spring, however, our normal busy takes on a whole new level. This spring Claire has been in softball, Iain has been in baseball and soccer, and Ellis has been in soccer. To say that keeping up with our sports schedule can be overwhelming is a huge UNDERstatement. Getting our kids to and from practices and games, arranging rides with other families when we have one too many things on the schedule, trying to feed them a nutritious meal before they leave the house (which almost never happens!), and trying to do that all while maintaining the eating and sleeping schedule of my five-year-old and my baby, well that's just what life is about for us right now!
Coming from a woman who is used to having her kids home every night, having dinner at a specific time and enjoying family time together every day, this schedule is starting to wear on me!
The more I think about how I'm handling my schedule, the more I realize that I'm handling it all wrong. Yes, I get my kids to their sports on time and either Monte or I are almost always there to watch their games. The wrongdoing that I'm speaking of is my own doing: I have become so wrapped up in my own schedule and so wrapped up in getting everything "just right" that I have made myself Currently Unavailable to the One who brings peace into our hectic lives.
I have told God that I don't have time.
The irony in this is that I really DO have time. Between feeding Ethan and reading "Star Wars" books to Colin, there is down time every afternoon. Down time that used to be consumed with time in my Bible, time in prayer and communication to my Savior. Now I'm feeling so stretched that I have taken that time as down time for myself.
More irony. When you take God, the source of peace, out of your life, your down time is not so relaxing.
Lord, I'm sorry that once again I've tried to manage my family on my own. I know that I need Your strength and Your love to move through me in order to be the wife and mother that You intended for me to be. Please forgive me for leaving You behind and help me to take that step toward a right relationship with You again. I love You, Lord.


Is Holding Your Breath Bad For You? - Here Is Your Answer.
Is Holding Your Breath Bad For You?
There are two schools of thought regarding the dangers vs. the benefits of holding your breath. If you follow the teachings of "Breatheology" then you are focused on strengthening the mind and body by understanding how to hold the breath properly. If you are trying to purge your body of carbon dioxide before immersing yourself under water for extreme endurance purposes then there is the possibility of death.
"Breatheology" is the study of learning and understanding breathing. In 2010, Danish freediving champion, Stig Severinsen released the book, "Breatheology-The Art of Conscious Breathing." This platform focuses on using ancient techniques (including yoga) to ultimately strengthen the mind and body through controlled conscious breathing.
Stig is a four-time world freediving champion (also referred to as free-diving, free diving, breath-hold diving, or skin diving is a form of under water breathing that relies on divers' ability to hold their breath until resurfacing rather than on the use of a breathing apparatus such as scuba gear) and holder of multiple Guinness World Records. In May 2012 he was awarded the Guinness World Record for the record of "longest time breath held voluntarily by a male" for holding his breath for 22 minutes. This record was achieved in a tank at the London School of Diving with the water cooled to 30 °F (-1 °C).
Stig has a degree in biology and PhD in medicine. His method of teaching people to hold their breath is based on a slow methodical build up to allow for the body and mind to metaphysically connect. Individuals that follow these techniques feel that as you create this intimate relationship between the mind, body, spirit and conscious breathing that over time you can hold your breath for extended periods of time. This breath holding can then be done safely while in or out of the water.
When you hold your breath under water your urge to come up for air is based on carbon dioxide rising in your bloodstream. This triggers the urge to come up for oxygen. Hyperventilation prior to going under water purges the system of carbon dioxide so that the urge becomes less strong and you can stay under water longer. The problem with this dangerous technique is that the oxygen in the blood stream can plummet before the carbon dioxide elevates and the individual passes out under water before their brain receives the signal to come up for air. If no one notices that the individual has fainted under water then drowning is inevitable. Based on these findings, Olympic Gold Medalist Michael Phelps urged coaches to end the risky swim team tradition of marathon breath-holding workouts. This practice has also been banned from military trainings.
Breath holding out of water is not a problem because even if you pass out while holding your breath your autonomic nervous system will kick in and you will start to breathe air again.


text:
The Decorative Arts Sale incl. Fine Paintings
A BRASS NEST OF WEIGHTS
PROBABLY GERMAN 18TH CENTURY
EUR 400 - EUR 600
With stamped (illegible) marks to the inside of the lid
4.5 cm. high
Together with: An English levelling-instrument, marked W. Harples & Sons, Sheffield, early 20th Century; A brass measure, probably English, 20th Century; A brass and tortoiseshell tobacco-box, 19th Century; and a glove-box with bone glove-spreader, early 20th Century (5)
Sabine Dalmeijer
sdalmeijer@christies.com
Christie's charges a premium to the buyer on the Hammer Price of each lot sold at the following rates: 29.75% of the Hammer Price of each lot up to and including €20,000, plus 23.8% of the Hammer Price between €20,001 and €800.000, plus 14.28% of any amount in excess of €800.000. Buyer's premium is calculated on the basis of each lot individually.
Where might Vermeer have gone had he never seen the art of Pieter de Hooch?
Andrew Graham-Dixon enjoys the innovative work of the Dutch artist — whose paintings of everyday life influenced his compatriot — at the Prinsenhof in Delft
The life and legacy of J.M.W. Turner
We chart the highs and lows in the career of a genius — ahead of the sale of four superb Turner watercolours in New York
The must-see exhibitions of 2020 — Europe
Once-in-a-lifetime Van Eyck in Ghent, the kimono celebrated in London and Christo in Paris — our guide to the must-see exhibitions in Europe in the year ahead
Collecting guide: Sèvres porcelain
The story of the French factory founded in the 18th century, from evolutions in style to the monarchs who gladly waited years for their commissions to be created


Zimbalo, Giuseppe (fl. 1659–86). Italian Baroque architect of the Prefettura (1659–95), Cathedral (1659–82), Sant'Agostino (c.1660–3), and the Rosary Church (1689–91), all in Lecce. His somewhat overblown style was continued into C18 by his pupil, Giuseppe Cino (1645–1722).
"Zimbalo, Giuseppe." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. . Encyclopedia.com. 23 Apr. 2019 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.


text:
Weekly comments from Dale Martin – 'What will be our twenty-first century path?'
Posted on December 2, 2021 December 2, 2021 by Press Release
By Dale Martin
" . . . we will have to find ways to work together instead of demonizing our fellow citizens from both sides."
City Manager Dale Martin
Next Tuesday is December 7, a date of notable interest.
First, it marks the last day of Medicare open enrollment, bringing a merciful end to the exhaustive television and radio spots promoting insurance providers. Unfortunately, with the turn of the calendar to shortly follow to 2022, an election year, the barrage of political campaign ads will begin (but likely without William Shatner).
Second, December 7 is my mother's birthday. Happy birthday, Mom.
Third, and most significantly (globally, that is; don't tell my mother), it marks the eightieth anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, formally drawing the United States into World War II.
While Europe, Asia, and Africa had been engulfed in war for years prior to December 1941, the United States had been unscathed by war. The U.S. "official" involvement during those early war years was limited to providing support to what would eventually become other allied nations: primarily Britain, the Soviet Union, and China. Following the Japanese attack, however, the U.S. became fully active in the war.
The attack on Pearl Harbor killed nearly 2,500 people, both military personnel and civilians. The U.S. Navy's Pacific Fleet's battleships were crippled, but several aircraft carriers, which were emerging as the new dominant warship (as demonstrated by the Japanese attack itself), were not at Pearl Harbor. While the attack was a short-term strategic success for Japan, limiting American ability to counteract Japanese aggression elsewhere in the Pacific region, the stunning attack galvanized the U.S. to fully mobilize and respond to Axis (Japan, Germany, and Italy) aggression around the world. The U.S. was committed to fighting for the unconditional surrender of the enemy nations and not satisfied with settling for peace as perhaps the Japanese leaders had hoped. To learn more of the preparation and attack on Pearl Harbor, I recommend the 1970 movie, "Tora, Tora, Tora."
As mentioned, the attack on Pearl Harbor was a nationally galvanizing event to Americans. Citizens were unified in fighting the Japanese, German, and Italian enemies. It was, at the time, a moral crusade of good versus evil. It spawned what has come to be known as The Greatest Generation, a term popularized by Tom Brokaw in a book of the same name.
The members of that generation grew up during the Great Depression of the 1930s and matured on the war and home fronts in the 1940s. Through their experience and efforts, they led an uninterested isolationist nation to become a globally dominant economic and military power for the rest of the twentieth century.
As the Greatest Generation passes, so, too, perhaps, are the experiences and efforts of their challenges. It will be interesting to read and hear the headlines and stories on Tuesday morning. How many will cite the Pearl Harbor anniversary? Will it be a prominent story, a mere mention, or buried beneath the hottest celebrity scandal of the day? Will American take time to pause and reflect on the concept of "unity," something that surged eighty years ago and carried this nation through four years of global war?
Does this nation have the, let's say backbone, to rise to meet new global challenges? Military technology has reduced the need for the massive amounts of materiel required to win World War II: the number of troops, ships, and planes that comprised the U.S. military today is a mere fraction of the mid-twentieth century force which secured global peace.
Does this nation not only have the capabilities to defend and secure freedom and liberty, but also the commitment to those ideals? The world of today is not necessarily as black and white as was the world in 1940, but it isn't all grey, either. What will be this nation's role to counter new aggressions in Europe, Asia, and the Pacific, because, like it or not, it is only this nation that can effectively counter such aggression.
December 7, 1941, and the following four years changed the twentieth century trajectory of lives and nations. What will be our twenty-first century path? We have differences, of course, and in many ways, that is perhaps a great strength, but we will have to find ways to work together instead of demonizing our fellow citizens from both sides.
I wish us well.
Pat's Wildways: Atlantic Seafood Birds
DeSantis proposes $400 million to boost first responder pay, recruitment
Doug Mowery
"We have differences, of course, and in many ways, that is perhaps a great strength, but we will have to find ways to work together instead of demonizing our fellow citizens from both sides".
If we would have had cell phones and Facebook in 1941 we probably would have lost the war. Digital platforms will make the unification of the "Greatest Generation" an impossible goal going forward. The self absorption today's world has created is off the charts. We can't even get that person sitting #1 for the green arrow at Sadler to pull their head up long enough to allow others though the intersection except themselves after horns are blared behind them.
Betsie Huben
To Mr. Martin's points in this piece – we would all do well to study the life and legacy of Senator Bob Dole. As one of the last members of the Greatest Generation, he left us with much to consider. Start with "One Soldier's Story" as a gift to yourself this Christmas.


Fancy stoking up the copper for hot water?
Hot Water has come a long way!
Most hot water is now heated with electricity or natural gas, but in the past, it was commonly heated with solid fuels or with town gas made at local gasworks.
Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, have been used to heat hot water for centuries. Early European settlers would heat water in a kettle or pot over an open fire or on the kitchen stove, lift it to the sink, laundry tub or bath and add cold water to adjust the temperature.
The copper, once found in every home laundry, was a larger, more permanent version of this process. The large copper container held about 60 litres of water, and was permanently mounted on a concrete or brick stand in the laundry. The water was heated by lighting a fire under the copper, and the clothes were 'boiled' with soap. They were agitated using a broom handle or some other suitable length of wood. Super hard work!
We can assist with all brands of hot water systems– Rheem, Rinnai, Vulcan, Aquamax, Bosch, Dux, Thermann & more.


text:
Q: PHP - Fill in select boxes with value form database I've a form with select boxes and a value from database which has been chosen before. Yes I need this value which is chosen to be shown as last chosen inside form. I try using php dom but I' m not getting anywhere.
So here is the html:
<select name="conf_1">
     <option value="Y">Yes</option>
     <option value="N">No</option>
</select>
<select name="conf_2">
     <option value="text">text</option>
     <option value="alsotext">alsotext</option>
</select>

And now I would like to show the chosen option which is stored in array like this:
$confs = array([1] => N, [2] => text );

Do some code:
loop{
   <option value="$confs[$i]">$confs[$i]</option> has to be appended to <select name="conf_$i">
}

Now I can't find a way to do this. I've tried using php dom but I don't know how to select element by name attribute and then loop trough so I can't make a real php example. I just would not know where to start.
If someone just has a way to do this please enlighten me!?
Done it with this code inspired by @Markus I.:
$dom = new DOMDocument();
    $dom->loadHTML($form);
    $xPath = new DOMXPath($dom);

    foreach ($dom->getElementsByTagName('select') as $select) {
        $name = $select->getAttribute('name');
        $name = str_replace('conf_', '', $name);

        foreach($xPath->query('./option', $select) as $option) {
            if ($option->getAttribute('value') == $confs[$name]) {
                $option->setAttribute('selected', 'selected');
            }
        }
    }

    $form = $dom->saveHTML($dom);

    echo $form;

A: Like this ??
$confs_arr = array("1" => N, "2" => text,"3" => N4, "4" => text3,"5" => N5,"6" => text7);
echo "<select name='option' id='option'>";
foreach($confs_arr as $keys=>$confs){

echo "<option value='".$confs."'>".$confs."</option>";

}
echo "</select>";

A: I prefer to load the hole template into a DOM and modify it: (Code not tested!)
$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->loadXML('<yourTemplateXML />');
$xPath = new DOMXPath($dom);
$data = array('conf1' => 'N', 'conf2' => 'text');

foreach ($xPath->query('//select') as $select) {
    foreach($xPath->query('./option', $select) as $option) {
        if ($option->getAttribute('value') == $data[$select->getAttribute('name')]) {
            $option->setAttribute('selected', 'selected');
        }
    }
}

echo $dom->saveXML();

I wrote a class, which can handle all field-types. Note this is only samplecode. On production you should take care if the key in your data-array exists and so on.
This has a nice Side-effect: Because you set the Value via dom, it protects your form from XSS

A: Below is the sample code similar to the one you asked:
   <?php

$categories = $rows; //array from database
foreach($rows as $row){
     if($row['name'] == $_POST['category']){
          $isSelected = ' selected="selected"'; // if the option submited in form is as same as this row we add the selected tag
     } else {
          $isSelected = ''; // else we remove any tag
     }
     echo "<option value='".$row['id']."'".$isSelected.">".$row['name']."</option>";
}
?>

$_POST['category'] is user previously selected, it can be anything, not just $_POST.
Based on this example, you can modify your code.
If user previously chose "text", then the html code should be :
<select name="conf_2">
     <option value="text" selected="selected">text</option>
     <option value="alsotext">alsotext</option>
</select>

Put selected="selected" in the <option> tag and this item will be chosen as default.
Hope this helps

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Call home to the same space that Hollywood screenwriters once did inside the Icon Suite.
#repost April is Esophageal Cancer Awareness month. We Stand Up for everyone touched by this disease so that one day every patient will become a long-term survivor. - Come see a specialist this #saturday, times available after 2pm. Know the early signs, we can help. Dr. Sedrak is former medical staff member from #nyu, #ucsd and #usc. —- Corona medical center on 1902 Fullerton Ave. #corona Covered by most PPO's #medical #topdoctor #surgeon #riversidecounty #riverside #newportbeach & #beverlyhills #doctor in #IE #vsg #vsgbeforeandafter #gi #egd #herina Only 5 star reviews!
In time we thrust! New watch 1038-110 by Breum. 24 hours watch in 18 Kt sandblasted rose-gold and black ceramics (2 versions - 38 & 42 mm) with functional jet engine propeller in center. limited edition.


Everyone seems to have elections on the brain as November 6th grows nearer, and the candidates are jetting around the country on the campaign trail trying hard to address the issues that concern the American people. But one electoral issue has been conspicuously absent from the candidates' discourse: prison-based gerrymandering.
Because prison-based gerrymandering is a systemic problem that stems from a combination of antiquated Census Bureau policy and the rise of mass incarceration, the harmful effects can be found throughout the country. And although many struggles with prison-based gerrymandering don't gain public attention, the candidates' campaign stops reflect a wide range of approaches that state and local governments use to address the issue. The contrast between two recent presidential campaign stops — the cities of Hobbs, New Mexico and Golden, Colorado— highlight the critical role that state legislation plays in fixing the problem.
Mitt Romney recently stopped in Hobbs, New Mexico, where city officials redrew the six City Commission districts last year in order to balance the population in each districts. But although the district populations looked even upon local officials' careful analysis, every four District 5 voters ended up with as much political clout as a group of five voters in every other district. Why? Because the districts are based on unadjusted Census Bureau data, which included the more than 1,000 people confined in the Lea County Correctional Facility located in District 5.
In Golden, Colorado, on the other hand, where President Obama made a campaign stop earlier today, the presence of a large correctional facility doesn't compromise any resident's access to local government. This is because the city proactively excluded the incarcerated population from the data they used to redistrict. If they had not, every group of three residents that live near the prison would have had as much political clout as a group of four residents in any other district.
While both Hobbs and Golden were technically and legally able to fix the problem of prison-based gerrymandering, Golden had one major benefit that Hobbs did not: state legislation that sends a clear message that the problem must be addressed. Colorado law requires counties to draw fair districts by excluding the prison populations and basing their population adjustments on the actual county residents. With this strong precedent from the state legislature, Colorado cities that contain large prisons have followed suit.
So, one thing that the people of the United State need to consider as we follow the candidates around the county is: how are prison populations impacting our right to equal access to government? There's a growing number of states that are taking a stand by passing legislation to abolish prison-based gerrymandering in both state and local governments. How many more states will step up the plate and join that trend during the next presidential term?
Candidates are urging city residents to exercise their democracy, but will the city take action to prevent prison-based gerrymandering?


text:
'use strict';

describe('farmbuild.nutrientCalculator module', function() {

 // instantiate service
  var milkSold;

  beforeEach(module('farmbuild.nutrientCalculator'));

  beforeEach(inject(function (_milkSold_) {
    milkSold = _milkSold_;
  }));

  describe('milkSold factory', function(){
    it('milkSold should be defined', inject(function() {
      expect(milkSold).toBeDefined();
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by Kg', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByKg = milkSold.calculateByKg(100, 10, 90);
      expect(nutrientByKg).toBeDefined();
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by %', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByPercentage = milkSold.calculateByPercent(10000);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage).toBeUndefined();
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by %', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByPercentage = milkSold.calculateByPercent(10000, 4);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage).toBeUndefined();
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by %', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByPercentage = milkSold.calculateByPercent(10000, 4, 3.5);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage).toBeDefined();
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.totalPerYearInLitre).toEqual(10000);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.proteinInKg).toEqual(400);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.proteinPercentage).toEqual(4);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.fatInKg).toEqual(350);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.fatPercentage).toEqual(3.5);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.nitrogenInKg).toEqual(63.191153238546605);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.nitrogenPercentage).toEqual(0.631911532385466);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.phosphorusInKg).toEqual(9.14);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.phosphorusPercentage).toEqual(0.09140000000000001);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.potassiumInKg).toEqual(14.000000000000002);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.potassiumPercentage).toEqual(0.14);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.sulphurInKg).toEqual(6);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.sulphurPercentage).toEqual(0.06);
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by Kg', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByKg = milkSold.calculateByKg(1000, 10, 20);
      expect(nutrientByKg).toBeDefined();
      expect(nutrientByKg.totalPerYearInLitre).toEqual(1000);
      expect(nutrientByKg.proteinInKg).toEqual(10);
      expect(nutrientByKg.proteinPercentage).toEqual(1);
      expect(nutrientByKg.fatInKg).toEqual(20);
      expect(nutrientByKg.fatPercentage).toEqual(2);
      expect(nutrientByKg.nitrogenInKg).toEqual(1.579778830963665);
      expect(nutrientByKg.nitrogenPercentage).toEqual(0.1579778830963665);
      expect(nutrientByKg.phosphorusInKg).toEqual(0.7475);
      expect(nutrientByKg.phosphorusPercentage).toEqual(0.07475);
      expect(nutrientByKg.potassiumInKg).toEqual(1.4);
      expect(nutrientByKg.potassiumPercentage).toEqual(0.14);
      expect(nutrientByKg.sulphurInKg).toEqual(0.6);
      expect(nutrientByKg.sulphurPercentage).toEqual(0.06);
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by Kg should return undefined for negative number', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByPercentage = milkSold.calculateByPercent(-10000, 4, 3.5);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage).toBeUndefined();
    }));

    it('Calculate milkSold nutrient by % and kg should have same result', inject(function() {
      var nutrientByPercentage = milkSold.calculateByPercent(1000, 10, 90);
      var nutrientByKg = milkSold.calculateByKg(1000, 100, 900);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.fatInKg).toEqual(nutrientByKg.fatInKg);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.fatPercentage).toEqual(nutrientByKg.fatPercentage);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.sulphurPercentage).toEqual(nutrientByKg.sulphurPercentage);
      expect(nutrientByPercentage.phosphorusInKg).toEqual(nutrientByKg.phosphorusInKg);
    }));

  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
A Loud Energetic Passionate Performance by Placebo, Rocks Forum De Beyrouth
Events, Featured, News, Photo Gallery, Videos
Mahmoud Abdullah
On June the 9th, the legendary band for their latest album tour, and music lovers in Lebanon made sure they had this Wednesday night freed up for the massive event. Placebo, undoubtedly one of the most successful rock band of our times, rocked Forum De Beyrouth.
The night began at 8:00 PM sharp, with your Lebanese rock band the Kordz performing the opening act. The Kordz proved again they were up to the international scene playing the best of their tracks such as 'The Last Call", "The End", "Save Us" and a lot more, setting the crowds in the right direction before Placebo hit the stage.
At around 9:00 PM, Brian Molko, Stefen Oldsal and Steve Forrest stormed the stage and kicked-off an intense 2 hours of Placebo's latest songs and greatest hits. Clad in white, Brian and Stefen seamlessly merged song after song, changing their guitars after each performance. Steve chose to remain bare-chested, revealing his intricate tattoos on his torso and arms as he furiously led the band's tempo up, down, high and low.
Helping the trio were 2 bassists and a woman who took command of the many synthesizers and an electric violin.
Fans in the golden cage, standing area and seated areas all recited the lyrics with Brian, hands in the air, heads bobbing and feet stomping. Song after song, revelers were taken on a trip by the lights and sounds emanating from the LED-lit stage.
After a brief intercession, Placebo got back on stage, much to the delight of the thousands of fans. The band continued strong with classic songs from their older albums. Then, at around 11:00 PM, Steven threw his drumsticks to the crowd and Placebo took a bow to thundering cheers, applause and thousand of mobile phones and cameras capturing every second of the rock magic.
The songs played included, "For what it's Worth", "Ashtray Heart", "Battle for the Sun", "Speak in Tongues", "Breathe Underwater", "the Never-Ending Why", and a lot more.
httpvhd://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QWA2MAs1h7M
The alternative rock band is renowned for varying their style of music, with every album showcasing a different aspect of human nature. From raw, minimalistic instrumentals in the beginning, to slower more melodic tunes later, Placebo have recently begun experimenting with less traditional sound production tools, such as synthesizers.
As Brian described it will be, "it was a Loud Energetic Passionate Performance, it was a Rock Show not a Magic Show". NRJ has brought the rock band of the decade to Lebanon, and Lebanese rockers had a fantastic night with the unique band.
Ignite The Night: Lebanon's To Do List May 17th-21st
Main Street Opens on Uruguay Street
Spain win the Euro 2012
Sami Yusuf's Groundbreaking Performance at Beirut Souks
Newer Post J&B Start A PARTY Through the Ages at Byblos
Older PostZouk Mikael International Festival 2010 Program


text:
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Á | (unknown) | ALL
Individuals with surname Albino Alves
Albino Alves, João (I197) -- Birth 3 May 1944 -- Três Lagoas - MS
Copyright 2006 © Machado Fernandes - www.machadofernandes.com.br
Desenvolvido por CriaMidia


text:
title: 'xfun::pkg_attach(): A Vectorized Version of library()'
date: '2018-09-04'
slug: xfun-pkg-attach
---

Chances are you often need to use more than one package in R, so it is common to see that an R script starts with multiple calls to `library()`, the function that attaches a package to an R session, e.g.,

```r
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
library(shiny)
```

![Repeat the same function call over and over again](https://slides.yihui.org/gif/repeat-smoke.gif)

## The vectorized `library()`

With the function `xfun::pkg_attach()`, you can attach them through a character vector:

```r
xfun::pkg_attach(c('ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'shiny'))
```

As I said in a post on "[`library()` vs `require()`](/en/2014/07/library-vs-require/)" in 2014, I believe it was a design mistake to use NSE (non-standard evaluation) in `library()`. It saves a little bit typing effort since you don't need to type the quotes, but it also opens a can of worms, and introduces more non-standard things due to this non-standard thing (e.g., when you do code analysis, you have to make a special rule for the `library()` calls to make sure those "variables" in parentheses are not real variables but character strings of package names). The above `xfun::pkg_attach()` call is essentially a for-loop:

```r
for (i in c('ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'shiny')) {
  library(i, character.only = TRUE)
}
```

## Automatically install missing packages

It is also common to see code like this in R scripts (install a package if not installed or loadable):

```r
if (!require('shiny')) install.packages('shiny')
library(shiny)
if (!require('ggplot2')) install.packages('ggplot2')
library(ggplot2)
```

The argument `install = TRUE` in `xfun::pkg_attach()` allows you to do the above task, e.g.,

```r
xfun::pkg_attach(c('ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'shiny'), install = TRUE)
```

Or use the shorthand `xfun::pkg_attach2()`, which is essentially `pkg_attach(..., install = TRUE)`:

```r
xfun::pkg_attach2(c('ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'shiny'))
```

Some people may argue that you should never install software packages without the user's permission. That is a good point. If your R script is meant to be run by other users, you need to be a little conservative, but some users may actually prefer convenience (i.e., don't bother me with error messages about missing packages). Of course, if you are writing a script for yourself, you can always use `pkg_attach2()`. If you want to ask for permission, you certainly can, e.g.,

```r
xfun::pkg_attach(
  c('ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'shiny'),
  install = readline('Install missing packages (y/n)? ') == 'y'
)
```

## Suppress package startup messages

Some people don't like package startup messages. I think those messages are fine if they only appear once or at most a couple of times to a new user. When you see the same messages over and over again, you will be bored, but you cannot shout at your screen that "I KNOW `dplyr::filter()` MASKS `stats::filter()`! PLEASE DON'T TELL ME THIS AGAIN!" when you `library(tidyverse)`.

How to suppress package startup messages? As you could have guessed, the function is named `suppressPackageStartupMessages()`. Do you like it? I don't, because it is too long and often calls for disproportional attention when you read the code (worse if you have to call it multiple times). Do I have a better name? No (so I'll shut up on naming).

If you are attaching a package in **knitr**, you can use the chunk option `message = FALSE` to suppress package startup messages, e.g.,

````markdown
```{r, message=FALSE}
library(tidyverse)
```
````

Note that this will suppress _any types of messages_, including package startup messages. It might be a problem, but I often load packages in a separate code chunk in the beginning of a **knitr** document, so it is unlikely to suppress messages that I didn't mean to suppress.

Since my colleague Winston [was not satisfied](https://github.com/yihui/knitr/issues/1583) by this solution, I added a `message` argument to `xfun::pkg_attach()` to suppress startup messages (and he didn't like it, either, which was understandable).

```r
xfun::pkg_attach('tidyverse', message = FALSE)
```

The default value of `message` in this function comes from the global option `xfun.pkg_attach.message`, so you may set it in your `.Rprofile` to always suppress startup messages, e.g.,

```r
options(xfun.pkg_attach.message = FALSE)
```

I wish the `library()` function has a similar argument, so I don't have to hack at it this way.

## Will `xfun::pkg_attach()` become the new `library()`?

No, I don't believe so, and I don't mean so, either. I wrote this post just to illustrate one type of pain [I mentioned a few days ago](/en/2018/08/influence-depth-or-breadth/): the pain that is tiny yet comes frequently. To sum it up, the tiny pain here is:

1. You cannot `library(c('ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'shiny'))`.

1. You have to test the availability of a package explicitly before deciding to install it, i.e., `if (!require()) install.packages()`.

1. You have to explicitly suppress the package startup messages every single time if you don't want to see them, either through a long-named function or by a **knitr** chunk option.


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What types of jobs did upper class Romans do?
I am working on a book based on the first century, I need to know the types of jobs you'd need to be in the upper class, as well as the poor.
ancient-history roman-empire 1st-century
Steve Bird
Being upper class meant that you didn't have a 'job', pretty much by definition, other than being in the Senate or elected/appointed to some upper-level government position. – jamesqf Mar 8 '17 at 6:15
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, "upper class" was almost synonymous with "landowner". "Job" was a lower class activity. I recommend that you look into latifundia, which will help you to understand the economy. You'll also want to understand client/patron relationships, the bread dole, and Roman gangs. – Mark C. Wallace♦ Mar 8 '17 at 9:13
And of course, there is the "cursus honorum" but they were public offices and not "jobs" (and in fact, IIRC, many of them were not only not paid at all(except with bribes and other corrupt practices) but involved paying for the expenses of the position). – SJuan76 Mar 8 '17 at 11:37
Being implicated in a political conspiracy of some kind was a bad career move – Ne Mo Mar 8 '17 at 14:45
Ne Mo - Being implicated in an unsuccessful political conspiracy was a bad career move, but not a successful one. "treason doth never prosper what's the reason. If it prosper none dare call it treason." – MAGolding Mar 8 '17 at 15:41
There is an ample evidence (from authors like Plutarch, Cicero etc.) that the only occupations which were considered appropriate for the Romans from good families were military, politics, administration, law and literature. (To be sure many of them were involved in business but they did not like to advertise this). Doctors, engineers, artists (including painters, sculptors etc.) and architects were definitely out of the list of desirable professions for a noble. Let me illustrate this by a cite from Plutarch:
In other cases, admiration of the deed is not immediately accompanied by an impulse to do it. Nay, many times, on the contrary, while we delight in the work, we despise the workman, as, for instance, in the case of perfumes and dyes; we take a delight in them, but dyers and perfumers we regard as illiberal and vulgar folk. Therefore it was a fine saying of Antisthenes, when he heard that Ismenias was an excellent piper: "But he's a worthless man," said he, "otherwise he wouldn't be so good a piper." And so Philip once said to his son, who, as the wine went round, plucked the strings charmingly and skilfully, "Art thou not ashamed to pluck the strings so well?" It is enough, surely, if a king have leisure to hear others pluck the strings, and he pays great deference to the Muses if he be but a spectator of such contests.
Labour with one's own hands on lowly tasks gives witness, in the toil thus expended on useless things, to one's own indifference to higher things. No generous youth, from seeing the Zeus at Pisa, or the Hera at Argos, longs to be Pheidias or Polycleitus; nor to be Anacreon or Philetas or Archilochus out of pleasure in their poems. For it does not of necessity follow that, if the work delights you with its grace, the one who wrought it is worthy of your esteem.
(Plutarch, Pericles I-II).
AlexAlex
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Geneva Bellows
Geneva LaNelle Bellows, 84, of Midwest City, Okla., was born in Fort Worth, Texas on Dec. 7, 1934 to Worren and Bertie Crystal Briggs. Geneva was preceded in death by her sister Madeline Baxendale. She married Herman W. Bellows at the age of 17 on Jan. 25, 1952. They had four children, Larry W. Bellows & Cathy, E. Ann Judd and husband Richard, Billy Joe Bellows and wife Susan, and Virginia LaNelle Lancaster, 12 grandchildren, Steve, Randy, Ricky, Crystal, Christy, Teresa, Dusten, Jason, Adam, Tim, Kevin, Matthew and numerous great grandchildren and great-great grandchildren. Geneva worked at Tubb Rexal Drug for many years before going to work at Tinker Airforce Base. Then, after raising her family, she went back to school to fulfill her lifelong dream of becoming a nurse and earned her LPN degree. She loved being a nurse. Geneva continued in nursing until her retirement. She enjoyed her grandchildren, chocolate ice cream, working in her garden (especially the okra and fresh tomatoes) and she loved watching her dogs playing in the yard. Geneva has been a member of the church since they moved to Okla., when she was baptized in 1952 at what was then the Del City Church of Christ and she later moved to Marshal Street, Ridgecrest COC. The family would like to thank the staff at Wellington Parke Assisted Living for the loving care given to Geneva during her final year & a half.
Geneva LaNelle Bellows, 84, of Midwest City, Okla., was born in Fort Worth, Texas on Dec. 7, 1934 to Worren and Bertie Crystal Briggs. Geneva was preceded in death by her sister Madeline Baxendale. She married Herman W. Bellows at the age of... View Obituary & Service Information
The family of Geneva Bellows created this Life Tributes page to make it easy to share your memories.
Geneva LaNelle Bellows, 84, of Midwest City, Okla., was born...
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Headlines > News > DLR Institute of Space Systems up and running
DLR Institute of Space Systems up and running
Published by Klaus Schmidt on Mon Oct 13, 2008 1:40 pm
(DLR) – Inauguration of the new laboratory and office building at DLR's Bremen site
With the inauguration of their new laboratory and office building on 13 October 2008, the 68 staff members of the Institute of Space Systems (Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme) of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; DLR) have now fully taken up their scientific duties at DLR's new Bremen site. This strengthens Bremen's position as a centre for space technology even further. The new DLR institute will focus especially on developing space systems. It will implement new, innovative technologies and procedures that will enable space missions to be realised more efficiently and economically.
"Today, DLR has started its scientific activities in Bremen, its 13th site in Germany. By joining forces with Bremen's industry and academia, the new institute will make an important contribution to the fields of systems analysis and systems technology", stated Professor Johann-Dietrich Wörner, Chairman of the DLR Executive Board. Professor Wörner added: "In addition to this, the DLR Institute of Space Systems will carry out space projects requiring systems engineering in cooperation with other research institutions and industry, work with the University of Bremen to promote better education, and act as an interface between applied research and industrial application."
The scientists received the keys to the building in the presence of Jens Böhrnsen, President of the Senate and Mayor of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, and Renate Jürgens-Pieper, Senator of Education and Science.
Future tasks
One of the core tasks of the new DLR institute is the analysis of complex space systems: Engineers and scientists develop and evaluate designs and concepts for future space missions.
The Institute's role in the realisation of space missions focuses on the development, integration and verification of systems The Bremen-based scientists are currently already conducting research into cryogenic upper stages, compact satellites, on-board computer systems, on-orbit experimental platforms, high-precision position control, and exploration technology. They also facilitate sounding rocket and sounding balloon experiments designed by school pupils and students, for example in the frame of the REXUS/BEXUS program.
Now that the scientific research activities at DLR's new Bremen site have started, the first research cooperation agreements have also been signed. DLR's cooperation partners are EADS Astrium and the University of Bremen. The goal of this cooperation is to develop a new upper stage for a launch vehicle system.
Investment in the future
The systems technology section focuses especially on developing hardware and software that forms the system's core and that is not otherwise available. Additional components and subsystems are supplied by other DLR institutes.
A total of about 12.5 million euro has been invested in the new DLR site so far. The funds were provided by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie; BMWi), the German federal state of Bremen and the European Development Fund. A total of about 17.5 million euro per annum is available to cover operational costs.
A so-called CEF laboratory (Concurrent Engineering Facility), an optical landing navigation facility and a dynamics simulator have already been installed at the DLR institute, with an eye to fulfilling the objective of "achieving system capability". This refers to the capability to observe a space system as a whole, including all its subassemblies and the interactions between them.
The CEF laboratory enables scientists to conduct concept studies in tandem with all parties involved in the project. If for instance changes are made to the planned mass of a spacecraft, the effects this has on other system components and units, such as the required size of the launch vehicle, can immediately be identified. This technique allows faster completion of the planning process, thereby saving costs.
With the aid of the optical landing navigation facility, approach procedures of planetary space probes are simulated. This should lead to the development of innovative methods to guide space probes during the final approach of their mission target, in order to prevent them from getting damaged.
The dynamics simulator uses two completely smooth granite dishes weighing about 16 tonnes. On these tables, scientists simulate formation flying of satellite fleets using air-cushion vehicles.
A second construction phase for DLR's Bremen site is currently in the planning stage. It involves adding a large assembly hall and additional laboratories. Their completion, scheduled for 2011, will allow the twelve remaining scientists and engineers of the DLR Institute for Space Systems who are currently still working at DLR's Berlin-Adlershof site – for instance using large test facilities – to relocate to Bremen as well.
Feel free to discuss this article in the forum… or chat…
Faint gamma-ray bursts do actually exist
N-Prize team 'Nebula' - Google Lunar X Prize Letter of Intent


text:
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text:
Per Colpo di Stato in Honduras del 2009 si intende la  crisi costituzionale ed il golpe militare che hanno caratterizzato la storia dell'Honduras nel 2009.

Il colpo di Stato
Il 28 giugno del 2009 (in concomitanza con il referendum consultivo, cioè non vincolante, per l'elezione di un'assemblea costituente) il Presidente Manuel Zelaya è stato arrestato e l'Honduras è diventato scenario di un colpo di Stato militare ordinato dalla Corte Suprema. La Corte ha descritto il golpe come un atto in difesa della Costituzione. La Costituzione dell'Honduras, attraverso articoli non riformabili, fissa in quattro anni la durata della carica presidenziale, attribuendo esclusivamente al Parlamento il potere di apportare modifiche costituzionali (con l'esclusione degli articoli immodificabili) e vieta espressamente di variare la durata dell'incarico presidenziale e di abrogare la proibizione a un secondo mandato. Nelle ore della mattina fu detenuto nella sua casa da militari e, in seguito, fu condotto con un aereo militare nella capitale della Costa Rica. Nelle stesse ore vennero sequestrati gli ambasciatori di Venezuela, Cuba e Nicaragua (rilasciati svariate ore dopo).

La posizione del Congresso
La sera dello stesso giorno nel Congresso venne letta una lettera di rinuncia del Presidente democraticamente eletto Manuel Zelaya che fu subito smentita dal Presidente stesso esiliato in Costa Rica. Il congresso decise tuttavia di accettare la smentita rinuncia e designò, come successore, il presidente del congresso Roberto Micheletti con il compromesso che sarebbe restato in carica solo fino al termine di quello che doveva essere il mandato del Presidente democraticamente eletto Manuel Zelaya nel gennaio del 2010.

Le strade delle capitale sono pattugliate dalle forze dell'esercito ma 48 ore dopo l'investitura del presidente de facto Micheletti, molti settori sociali hanno indetto uno sciopero generale per richiedere l'immediato ritorno del Presidente Manuel Zelaya. Nelle prime ore del 29 giugno è stata intensificata la presenza militare nei pressi della casa presidenziale di Tegucigalpa dove migliaia di honduregni vicini a Zelaya stavano manifestando. La situazione in quelle ore si rese molto tesa vista la forte volontà dei manifestanti di non permettere a nessuno (se non al Presidente Zelaya) di entrare nella Casa Presidenziale. Gli osservatori internazionali dell'OEA (presenti per controllare il regolare sviluppo del referendum) hanno dichiarato a varie televisioni latinoamericane (tra cui Telesur) che non riconoscono Micheletti come Presidente dell'Honduras. Iris Xiomara Castro Sarmiento era
l'ex First Lady dell'Honduras, ed era una leader del movimento che si opponeva al Colpo di Stato in Honduras del 2009 contro suo marito Manuel Zelaya, che era il Presidente tra il 2006 e il 2009.

Nelle prime ore del 29 giugno 2009 le principali personalità politiche del continente americano si sono espresse in merito a quanto accaduto in Honduras. Il Presidente degli Stati Uniti Barack Obama ha condannato il colpo di Stato in Honduras dichiarandosi seriamente preoccupato per la situazione honduregna e chiedendo "a tutti gli attori politici e sociali in Honduras di rispettare lo stato di diritto", sulla stessa linea anche la Segretaria di Stato Hillary Clinton che ha dichiarato: "Sono stati violati i principi democratici" mentre l'ambasciatore degli Stati Uniti a Tegucigalpa Hugo Llorens, ha detto che "l'unico presidente che gli Stati Uniti riconoscono nel paese è Zelaya". Chavez ha minacciato di intervenire militarmente in appoggio al Presidente. Castro e i presidenti dei Paesi appartenenti all'ALBA hanno richiesto la deposizione del potere dell'alto comando del Golpe.

Il 5 luglio Zelaya ha tentato di rientrare nel Paese con un jet privato partito da Washington insieme al Presidente dell'Assemblea dell'ONU, Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, ma i militari hanno impedito l'atterraggio all'aeroporto di Tegucigalpa dirottandolo verso San Salvador. I manifestanti giunti sul posto per sostenere Zelaya si sono scontrati con le forze armate che hanno aperto il fuoco sulla folla uccidendo due persone. Nell'ambito della comunità internazionale è differenziata la posizione del Vaticano che tramite il nunzio in Honduras Luigi Bianco e il primate Oscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga hanno esortato al dialogo tra i due presidenti (entrambi cattolici) e hanno chiesto a Zelaya di recedere dal proposito di tentare l'ingresso nel Paese e rivendicarne la guida, ed evitare così il bagno di sangue

Le nuove elezioni
Nel novembre 2009 si sono tenute sotto la sorveglianza dei militari le elezioni presidenziali, con un grado di astensione del 70% da parte della popolazione honduregna (per protesta al mancato rispetto da parte della fazione di Micheletti dell'accordo siglato con la resistenza e patrocinato dagli Stati Uniti), elezioni vinte dall'esponente conservatore Porfirio Lobo Sosa, agronomo, che nel gennaio 2010 è succeduto al presidente ad interim Micheletti. Gli osservatori internazionali hanno giudicato lo svolgimento delle elezioni regolare, tuttavia il governo di Lobo non è stato riconosciuto dagli Stati dell'Alleanza Bolivariana per le Americhe, dell'Unasur e da molti altri Paesi.

Allo stato attuale la totalità dei Paesi dell'Unione europea ha riconosciuto il governo honduregno, così come diversi Paesi americani. Gli Stati Uniti hanno deciso di rimuovere l'embargo nei confronti del Paese, riprendendo le normali attività diplomatiche, considerando la crisi del 2009 un incidente nel percorso democratico che l'Honduras ha reintrapreso.

Il Fronte nazionale contro il golpe, organizzazione che rivuole l'insediamento di Zelaya, però continua a essere perseguitato. Allo stesso modo sono repressi tutti coloro che sono uniti con il Fronte, in particolare studenti, sindacalisti, docenti, attivisti per i diritti umani e contro il latifondismo, giornalisti e organizzazioni per i diritti gay.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

 Resolución de la ONU condenando el golpe de estado. (PDF)

Storia dell'Honduras
Honduras
Eventi del 2009

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Everything has been coming up Brady in basketball for Benet. Brady Kunka, that is. 'His intensity on the court brings life to our team.'
By Patrick Z. McGavin
Benet's Brady Kunka (3) looks to pass while being guarded by Nazareth's Quentrell Harris during an East Suburban Catholic Conference game in LaGrange Park on Friday, Jan 7, 2022. (Vincent D. Johnson / Naperville Sun)
A sophomore promoted to the varsity. A delayed season pushed to the spring, shortened by the pandemic. A different game, a different team, a different level.
Brady Kunka is the perfect example of a player who went through all of that.
"At the varsity level, everybody is going to struggle at a certain point," Benet coach Gene Heidkamp said. "He went through some growing pains last year, and it has paid off.
"Brady has been through the battles, and he has been steady for us all the way through."
Indeed, a lot of things have been coming up Brady for the Redwings (11-4, 4-0).
The 6-foot-3 junior wing scored a career-high 23 points Friday in a 59-41 East Suburban Catholic Conference victory over Nazareth in LaGrange Park.
Kunka has the size and the ability off the dribble to score at the basket. He also has developed into a top-notch 3-point threat.
"I think of myself as more of a hybrid player who does a little bit of everything," he said. "During the spring and early summer last year, I was more of a catch-and-shoot guy — somebody who could run sets and get easy layups."
Kunka, who lives in Naperville, had the inevitable whiplash effect of learning the varsity game on the run last spring, magnified in his case by the pandemic.
"The games we did get in and the games I was able to play well, it was good to get that experience under my belt," he said. "Last year, I might have had one or two high-scoring games."
Benet's Brady Kunka (3) takes a shot over Nazareth's Matt Uphues during an East Suburban Catholic Conference game in LaGrange Park on Friday, Jan 7, 2022. (Vincent D. Johnson / Naperville Sun)
He has learned how to adapt his versatility to the needs of the team.
In his first full year as a starter, Kunka is averaging 13.5 points, 5.5 rebounds and 1.5 assists. He's shooting 64% from the floor and a lights-out 48% on 3-pointers.
"Brady is having a really good year for us," Heidkamp said. "He is a complete player. He can shoot the three. He puts the ball on the floor well and he can score around the basket.
"His defense has gotten better with every game."
When Benet goes with a big lineup, Kunka has the ability to slot in at his natural position of shooting guard. If Heidkamp elects to go smaller, emphasizing speed and quickness, Kunka has the size and length to play forward.
Senior forward Weston Stephens confirmed Kunka has been a key for Benet.
"Brady is a kid who every coach would want on his team," Stephens said. "He plays fast, intelligently and with a motor only a few kids in the conference have.
"His intensity on the court brings life to our team."
Even during the upended order brought about by the pandemic, Kunka showed a strong desire to improve and work on every aspect of his game.
"Even the time off we had between my freshman and sophomore year," he said. "With the quarantine, we had a lot of time to develop and get to know some of the guys on the varsity.
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"It was a good experience last year to learn how to play at the varsity level, and now I am playing with a lot more confidence."
He's also the perfect complement for senior point guard Brennan White.
"By shooting the 3-pointer at a good percentage, I also have this slash game and the ability to get to the rim or make pullup jumpers or find my open teammates," Kunka said.
He fits the mold of the selfless player.
"I'm a win-first guy," he said. "The level of competition is a great experience for me and I love playing with my guys."
Patrick Z. McGavin is a freelance reporter for the Naperville Sun.
High school basketball scores for the Southland and the Aurora, Elgin, Naperville and Lake County areas
A 3-point twist and shout: Peyton Fenner finds her focus from 'constantly talking.' It helps Naperville North get past Neuqua Valley.