text:
Orange Fairy Book, The
Adventures of the Jackal's Eldest Son, The
Orange Fairy Book, The | Annotated Tale
Previous Tale: Adventures of a Jackal, The
Next Tale: Adventures of the Younger Son of the Jackal, The
NOW, though the jackal was dead, he had left two sons behind him, every whit as cunning and tricky as their father. The elder of the two was a fine handsome creature, who had a pleasant manner and made many friends. The animal he saw most of was a hyena; and one day, when they were taking a walk together, they picked up a beautiful green cloak, which had evidently been dropped by some one riding across the plain on a camel. Of course each wanted to have it, and they almost quarrelled over the matter; but at length it was settled that the hyena should wear the cloak by day and the jackal by night. After a little while, however, the jackal became discontented with this arrangement, declaring that none of his friends, who were quite different from those of the hyena, could see the splendour of the mantle, and that it was only fair that he should sometimes be allowed to wear it by day. To this the hyena would by no means consent, and they were on the eve of a quarrel when the hyena proposed that they should ask the lion to judge between them. The jackal agreed to this, and the hyena wrapped the cloak about him, and they both trotted off to the lion's den.
The jackal, who was fond of talking, at once told the story; and when it was finished the lion turned to the hyena and asked if it was true.
'Quite true, your majesty,' answered the hyena.
'Then lay the cloak on the ground at my feet,' said the lion, 'and I will give my judgment.' So the mantle was spread upon the red earth, the hyena and the jackal standing on each side of it.
There was silence for a few moments, and then the lion sat up, looking very great and wise.
'My judgment is that the garment shall belong wholly to whoever first rings the bell of the nearest mosque at dawn to-morrow. Now go; for much business awaits me!'
All that night the hyena sat up, fearing lest the jackal should reach the bell before him, for the mosque was close at hand. With the first streak of dawn he bounded away to the bell, just as the jackal, who had slept soundly all night, was rising to his feet.
'Good luck to you,' cried the jackal. And throwing the cloak over his back he darted away across the plain, and was seen no more by his friend the hyena.
After running several miles the jackal thought he was safe from pursuit, and seeing a lion and another hyena talking together, he strolled up to join them.
'Good morning,' he said; 'may I ask what is the matter? You seem very serious about something.'
'Pray sit down,' answered the lion. 'We were wondering in which direction we should go to find the best dinner. The hyena wishes to go to the forest, and I to the mountains. What do you say?'
'Well, as I was sauntering over the plain, just now, I noticed a flock of sheep grazing, and some of them had wandered into a little valley quite out of sight of the shepherd. If you keep among the rocks you will never be observed. But perhaps you will allow me to go with you and show you the way?'
'You are really very kind,' answered the lion. And they crept steadily along till at length they reached the mouth of the valley where a ram, a sheep and a lamb were feeding on the rich grass, unconscious of their danger.
'How shall we divide them?' asked the lion in a whisper to the hyena.
'Oh, it is easily done,' replied the hyena. 'The lamb for me, the sheep for the jackal, and the ram for the lion.'
'So I am to have that lean creature, which is nothing but horns, am I?' cried the lion in a rage. 'I will teach you to divide things in that manner!' And he gave the hyena two great blows, which stretched him dead in a moment. Then he turned to the jackal and said: 'How would you divide them?'
'Quite differently from the hyena,' replied the jackal. 'You will breakfast off the lamb, you will dine off the sheep, and you will sup off the ram.'
'Dear me, how clever you are! Who taught you such wisdom?' exclaimed the lion, looking at him admiringly.
'The fate of the hyena,' answered the jackal, laughing, and running off at his best speed; for he saw two men armed with spears coming close behind the lion!
The jackal continued to run till at last he could run no longer. He flung himself under a tree panting for breath, when he heard a rustle amongst the grass, and his father's old friend the hedgehog appeared before him.
'Oh, is it you?' asked the little creature; 'how strange that we should meet so far from home!'
'I have just had a narrow escape of my life,' gasped the jackal, 'and I need some sleep. After that we must think of something to do to amuse ourselves.' And he lay down again and slept soundly for a couple of hours.
'Now I am ready,' said he; 'have you anything to propose?'
'In a valley beyond those trees,' answered the hedgehog, 'there is a small farmhouse where the best butter in the world is made. I know their ways, and in an hour's time the farmer's wife will be off to milk the cows, which she keeps at some distance. We could easily get in at the window of the shed where she keeps the butter, and I will watch, lest some one should come unexpectedly, while you have a good meal. Then you shall watch, and I will eat.'
'That sounds a good plan,' replied the jackal; and they set off together.
But when they reached the farmhouse the jackal said to the hedgehog: 'Go in and fetch the pots of butter and I will hide them in a safe place.'
'Oh no,' cried the hedgehog, 'I really couldn't. They would find out directly! And, besides, it is so different just eating a little now and then.'
'Do as I bid you at once,' said the jackal, looking at the hedgehog so sternly that the little fellow dared say no more, and soon rolled the jars to the window where the jackal lifted them out one by one.
When they were all in a row before him he gave a sudden start.
'Run for your life,' he whispered to his companion; 'I see the woman coming over the hill!' And the hedgehog, his heart beating, set off as fast as he could. The jackal remained where he was, shaking with laughter, for the woman was not in sight at all, and he had only sent the hedgehog away because he did not want him to know where the jars of butter were buried. But every day he stole out to their hiding-place and had a delicious feast.
At length, one morning, the hedgehog suddenly said:
'You never told me what you did with those jars?'
'Oh, I hid them safely till the farm people should have forgotten all about them,' replied the jackal. 'But as they are still searching for them we must wait a little longer, and then I'll bring them home, and we will share them between us.'
So the hedgehog waited and waited; but every time he asked if there was no chance of getting jars of butter the jackal put him off with some excuse. After a while the hedgehog became suspicious, and said:
'I should like to know where you have hidden them. To-night, when it is quite dark, you shall show me the place.'
'I really can't tell you,' answered the jackal. 'You talk so much that you would be sure to confide the secret to somebody, and then we should have had our trouble for nothing, besides running the risk of our necks being broken by the farmer. I can see that he is getting disheartened, and very soon he will give up the search. Have patience just a little longer.'
The hedgehop said no more, and pretended to be satisfied; but when some days had gone by he woke the jackal, who was sleeping soundly after a hunt which had lasted several hours.
'I have just had notice,' remarked the hedgehog, shaking him, 'that my family wish to have a banquet to-morrow, and they have invited you to it. Will you come?'
'Certainly,' answered the jackal, 'with pleasure. But as I have to go out in the morning you can meet me on the road.'
'That will do very well,' replied the hedgehog. And the jackal went to sleep again, for he was obliged to be up early.
Punctual to the moment the hedgehog arrived at the place appointed for their meeting, and as the jackal was not there he sat down and waited for him.
'Ah, there you are!' he cried, when the dusky yellow form at last turned the corner. 'I had nearly given you up! Indeed, I almost wish you had not come, for I hardly know where I shall hide you.'
'Why should you hide me anywhere?' asked the jackal. 'What is the matter with you?'
'Well, so many of the guests have brought their dogs and mules with them, that I fear it may hardly be safe for you to go amongst them. No; don't run off that way,' he added quickly, 'because there is another troop that are coming over the hill. Lie down here, and I will throw these sacks over you; and keep still for your life, whatever happens.'
And what did happen was, that when the jackal was lying covered up, under a little hill, the hedgehog set a great stone rolling, which crushed him to death.
Contes Berberes.
Tale Title: Adventures of the Jackal's Eldest Son, The
Tale Author/Editor: Basset, René
Book Title: Orange Fairy Book, The
Book Author/Editor: Lang, Andrew & Lang, Leonora Blanche
Publisher: Longmans, Green, and Co.
Country of Origin: Africa (Berber)
Adventures of a Jackal, The
Adventures of the Younger Son of the Jackal, The

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Every year, delegates from across the globe attend the InfoComm India Summit where luminaries and experts share rising trends, technology updates and industry best practices.
Last year's Summit saw 2,970 delegates network with one another and learn from industry leaders over 45 free-to-attend sessions. The Summit is supported by AVIXA™, industry associations as well as leading media partners.
At the 2019 Summit, participants will gain valuable insights with a choice of three programs: AVIXA Seminar, Industry Forums, and Platinum Partners' Presentations. Other industry-specific platforms are also introduced each year to encourage discussions in even greater depth.
Catch the next wave of industry advancements and market trends at InfoComm India Summit 2019.
See the 2018 Summit Program. The 2019 Summit Program will be available nearer the event.
"InfoComm has been a great experience for us. Wide range of products were displayed with simply amazing technologies. Thanks to the organizers for hosting us. Our institute is in an expansion mode and there is a need to establish AV classrooms and seminar halls. Our visit has helped us to understand the best possible solutions for our applications."
"The Show has been very informative and made us conversant about the latest technological innovation in the field of Audio Visual. We got to see the application of AV in diverse areas ranging from entertainment, board rooms, collaboration, information signage etc. I am participating as an end user who would be interested in deployment for our requirement."
Anupama, DGM & HOD (Computer), Projects & Development India Ltd.
"A platform to meet industry professionals, companies and a great place to know and connect for the latest AV technologies. The stalls were very well planned with many new and innovative products. This year we are a part of a team of Interior Designers and it's great to have architects and designers connect to technology. "
(Mehul Kamdar is the Vice President of IIID Mumbai Chapter.
"The Show was excellent with all big players in the AV domain participating under one roof. We have identified the core areas where we can partner and have already started discussions for the same. The Guided tour was very well managed, and I was exposed to some powerful display of technologies in this sector."
"InfoComm has been a very informative show. The Guided tour enabled us to see many amazing and innovative technologies of some important players in the AV sector. Products on display depicted how solutions can be simplified w.r.t cost and complexity. Our visit to InfoComm has been an eye opener for our organization and will help us analyse the new AV technologies to market to our customers. "
"I got an opportunity to see various new technologies on display at InfoComm India that included 4K Displays, Projectors and different Video Conferencing systems. Need of the hour for all the organizations are the video conferencing systems to cut down the travel costs and find solutions remotely. I look forward to meet many new Exhibitors during my 2 day visit and get a better understanding of new technologies."


I've read many of the threads, but still don't have an answer. Best exhaust system for performance while retaining some semblence of guiet (read, I don't want straight through or no mufflers cuz I gotta drive this thing) seems to be MaxxFab's downpipe coupled with the MOPAR/Borla duals. I seem to recall though, that one of our most admired but long departed DC experts (remember ThreeBar, the company pulled him off the forum) said the BTG single CAT back produced as much pressure relief as the duals for less $$$. IF there are threads I have missed in thre months of absence, please point me in the right direction.
03 DC II, AMX up, cleaned-out stock box and 2" cool pipe. Stage I ordered.
No matter what you do, you really aren't going to see a huge difference between exhaust and performance increases. I guess it really doesn't matter what kind of car is being debated, exhaust will always be a major topic. However, what it really comes down to is the sound because a couple of HP difference really is not noticable anyhow. Just find a look and sound that you prefer then swear up and down on all the boards that it is the best one and makes all kinds of power.
The exhaust alone doesn't appear to make a big noticeable improvement on performance. Probably more noticeable when coupled with an good air intake system, better downpipe, and cat. I know it doesn't help you much regarding what brand to get, since most of everyone will direct you to what they have on their car. Also, nobody really has dyno'd their car running various types of exhaust, with various type of free flowing cats, with various types of downpipes, etc. So the best judgement would be from you. Whatever fits your wallet, the looks, and sounds, etc.
I have read a few articals on exhaust systems. I see alot of 10hp gains with a good free lowing exhaust buy getting headers and free flowing mufflers. not sure about Turbos they do say that a free flow system will give you some increase but the nubers all depend on the turbo, intake, Blow off, WGA and a few other factors. But they all agree that it does improve perfromance.
But they all agree that it does improve perfromance.
Hey Don...don't forget sound equals performance. Just ask any ricer. The louder it is the faster you seem to go!


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Kathy R., Snap-On Smiler My sos cracked as well, I also bought extended warranty and mine was replaced with ease. I simply contacted my dentist who took additional impressions and in 4 weeks I had a replacement. I was very satisfied with the service and replacement as well.
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text:
Q: publish windows application - ClickOnce Deployment Is it possible to publish windows form  C# application to a folder inside a web-dav server.
How can I achieve that..any help is highly appreciated.
ie want to  deploy Windows application, via a web page through ClickOnce (publishing using the publish tab in project properties in visual studio)

A: What do you mean by Web-dav?
You can publish a windows forms app via a web page; you can even have it create the page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
President Tsai Ing-wen calls on China to 'review' policy towards independent Taiwan
Saturday's elections showed that Taiwanese voters disagree with China's intimidation and persuasion efforts to reach unification. According to pro-independence Pesident Tsai Ing-wen, her re-election gives reason for China to 'face reality' and 'review' its current approach to their bilateral relations. Previous statements by the People's Republic made clear that this approach could include the recourse to force. Tsai received more than 8.1 million votes (57.1%), in comparison to the China-friendly challenger from the Kuomintang party, who captured close to 3 million votes.
Below is an article by The Guardian
Taiwan's president Tsai Ing-wen has called on China to "face reality" and "review" its current policy toward the de facto nation that Beijing claims is part of its territory.
Tsai, who won re-election in a landslide victory on Saturday, told reporters: "We hope China can thoroughly understand the opinion and will expressed by Taiwanese people in this election and review their current policies."
The president's comments come days after China's top diplomat said that unification with China was a "historical inevitability" and that anyone who opposed it would "stink for 10,000 years," an idiom to mean someone will go down in infamy.
China has repeatedly said that it will bring Taiwan under its authority by any means necessary, including force. Analysts believe Chinese leader Xi Jinping aims to achieve that by 2049, the deadline for the country to achieve its "great rejuvenation".
Taiwan was ruled for more than three decades by the nationalist army, the Kuomintang, which fled to the island in 1949 after being defeated by the Chinese communist party and created a rival government, the Republic of China, better known today as Taiwan. It has since transformed into a multi-party democracy, under a government and political system completely separate from China's.
The election of a candidate who campaigned heavily on promises to not allow Taiwan to become another Hong Kong has been widely seen as a rebuke to China's efforts to intimidate and persuade Taiwan citizens to support unification.
Under Tsai's first term, Beijing severed a dialogue mechanism with Taiwan and has sought to isolate it diplomatically. In a show of strength, China sailed its new aircraft carrier through the Taiwan strait twice in the run up to the election.
Tsai opposes unification but has never said that she would formally declare Taiwan's independence, which would provoke Beijing.
"We don't have a need to declare ourselves an independent state," Tsai told the BBC. "We are an independent country already and we call ourselves the Republic of China, Taiwan."
Tsai said the election served as a "very strong message from the people of Taiwan."
"They don't like the idea of being threatened all the time. We are a successful democracy … We deserve respect from China," she said. "We have a separate identity and we're a country of our own."
Beijing has refused to deal directly with Tsai on the grounds that she has not, like her predecessor, accepted the so-called 1992 consensus which says that Taiwan and China are part of "one China". The vague agreement leaves it up to each side to interpret the definition of "one China".
Tsai said that before dialogue can be re-opened, Beijing must review its current approach. "If they are not prepared to face reality, then whatever we offer won't be satisfying to them."
Photo courtesy of Flickr cc-by-2.0


text:
A diminutive of Charlotte, which is the French feminine form of the name Charles, meaning "free man" - and given the popularity of Charlotte, this is a great alternative. Your little Lottie may meet a ton of Charlottes in her lifetime, but she probably won't meet a lotta Lotties.
Famous people named Lottie:
Model (and sister of Kate Moss) Lottie Moss; silent film actress Lottie Pickford; comedienne Lottie Venne; sister of singer Louis Tomlinson, Lottie Tomlinson; daughter of actors Sacha Baron Cohen and Isla Fisher, Elula Lottie Miriam Cohen.
Your little Lottie will no doubt be a fan of the children's musical artist Lottie Dottie Chicken.
Lovely L Names For Baby Girls, Double The Fun: Girl Names With Double Letters, I Declare! Girl Names With Country Charm, Names That Sound Trendy But Aren't Overused, Terrific Two-Syllable Girl Names,
100+ Bite-Sized One Syllable Middle Names For Your Cool Baby Boy
Meaningful African Baby Boy And Girl Names That Are Also Rich In History


text:
Comparing APIs From 10 Popular eCommerce Platforms
Natalia Kovalchuk
An Application Programming Interface (API) is a specific intermediary that helps two various programs communicate with each other. It allows one application to transfer the requested data to another application.
To access features or data from an external program, you place a request with its API, which would ping the server and finally bring a response back to you. For example, eCommerce software systems and shopping platforms often interact with each other through an API. Below, we'll review some popular eCommerce APIs and compare their features.
Shopify has emerged as a top-rated shopping cart solution, especially among startups. Shopify API is a tool that allows software providers to collect data from Shopify-based online stores and use it as they need.
Shopify API supports JSON and XML and can work with all HTTP requests like PUT, GET, DELETE, and POST. Shopify API works with different methods such as Customer, Category, Product, Order, and others.
Major Drawbacks
One minor drawback of the Shopify API is that while it allows customization, there is not much that you can do to change the functionality. Secondly, Shopify releases updates for its API quite constantly. So, it is necessary to routinely check to see what the newest version of the API is.
Magento API
Magento API supports two formats: REST and SOAP.
Magento's REST API supports both XML and JSON and works with the following four main HTTP methods: GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE. Various HTTP request methods perform different actions.
Many programmers consider SOAP to be highly complex; therefore, they find it preferable to use REST-style APIs. SOAP is the default protocol of Magento API. However, this shopping cart solution also supports XML-RPC as a possible option.
Magento focuses on making its upgrades more straightforward and more predictable. With Magento API updates, early adopters can expect improved delivery and new features as well.
The Magento API does not provide much support for front-end development. Moreover, it is more suitable for off-the-shelf functionality and gives you a hard time if you try out something elaborate.
WooCommerce API
The WooCommerce API enables working with data such as orders, coupons, products, and customers. WooCommerce comes with many API versions. WooCommerce API 5.2.0 is the latest version of their API. The WooCommerce REST API supports JSON as the default format, but you can easily change it to XML.
A vast number of WooCommerce API versions increase the complexity. In addition, WP/WC PHP code modules need to be downloaded, which occupy a lot of space and slow down the workflow significantly.
BigCommerce API
The BigCommerce RESTful API supports all CRUD actions via HTTP methods like GET, DELETE, POST, and PUT. It supports input and output functions using JSON and XML. It also provides UTF–8 character encoding alongside other benefits like throttling and data validation.
Usage of BigCommerce API allows retrieval and modification of information about orders, products, customers, categories, and shipments.
The process of connecting with BigCommerce API can take a lot of time due to the specific architecture of this platform.
Ecwid API
One of the most popular eCommerce APIs, Ecwid REST API, helps manage the store on behalf of an Ecwid user. Moreover, integrating with this API allows updating orders, creating product lists, and managing other records.
Ecwid uses the standard HTTP codes in requests. For instance, GET is used to read the online store data, PUT to update such data, POST to create a specific entity, and DELETE to remove the entity.
Ecwid API works with OAuth2 authentication. The API allows users to add new interfaces to the Ecwid Control Panel.
The API is not as reliable as its competitors. API integration with this platform is costly and cumbersome, and security remains a significant concern.
Squarespace API
Squarespace API allows access to data related to orders, products, and inventories. The API works with HTTPS and is based on REST principles. It uses Basic Authentication to help keep the Squarespace site data secure.
API integration with Squarespace is expensive and technically complex. In addition, it does not support third-party apps, and customizing features can be complicated.
CommerceHQ API
CommerceHQ is an all-in-one eCommerce app with an API that supports fast retrieval of data by sending GET requests. The API supports quick search options and excellent filters for results.
CommerceHQ is a pretty new shopping platform. Sometimes, its API documentation doesn't contain all the necessary info.
eBay API
eBay's API program enables capabilities that support searching, selling, buying, and other eCommerce activities. This API supports the programmatic management of end-to-end eBay businesses.
API integration with eBay does not allow you complete independence concerning product listings. Moreover, there are many charges applied that users have to pay to benefit from this integration.
In addition, eBay API is not uniform, and different resources have different formats of data. Also, some errors are connected with the eBay Sandbox.
Amazon APIs
There are two APIs for product listings on Amazon. One is the Marketplace Web Service (MWS) Products API, and the other is the Product Advertising API. These APIs have powerful authentication mechanisms and thus ensure good levels of data security.
Debugging activities can be pretty tricky. Moreover, the API gateways do not allow easy customization and building of internal APIs.
Amazon product listing APIs are older than others on this list. To work with products, shipments, etc., you need to have a CSV file or XML.
Etsy API
The Etsy API is essentially a RESTful API with JSON format response actions. These responses can help in using most of the website features. Etsy API requires the OAuth authentication process to obtain read and write access for the user's data. Etsy API is a RESTful API that works with standard HTTP calls.
Etsy API Documentation may not include all the information necessary for integrating with Etsy API. This causes a lot of extra time and additional investigations. Also, the Etsy API's behavior is sometimes changed without warning.
api, API2Cart, APIs, BigCommerce, commerce, CommerceHQ, customers, eCommerce, eCommerce API, eCommerce platform, Ecwid, Magento, online shop, orders, platform API, platforms, products, shop, Shopify, Shopify API, shopping, Squarespace, web API, web APIs, WooCommerce
Natalia is the marketing manager at API2Cart. She is highly passionate about API and API integration in the sphere of eCommerce. She has written a lot of useful materials for the various API resources and blogs. Most of her articles are presented in the API2Cart blog.
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DEATH ANGEL have unleashed new song called "The Pack"
California thrash metal legends DEATH ANGEL have unleashed a snarling new song today called "The Pack" from the band's long-awaited 9th full-length album, Humanicide, that's due out May 31st from Nuclear Blast Records. Watch the lyric video for the track below.
""The Pack" is inspired by and dedicated to our fans! When I wrote this song, we had just come home from tour and I was still feeling the rush of performing at open air festivals. The energy exchange between us on stage and the mass of metal heads in the crowd is unlike any other. I wanted to capture it in a song about unity, like our song "Kill As One."
Our fan club is called "The Pack," our fans get it! But it's not only for them, it also branches out to represent our families, friends, team, crew… and all metal heads! We feel honored to belong to this worldwide "pack." This song requires crowd participation, we are SO looking forward to playing it live!" – Rob Cavestany (lead guitar/backing vocals)
With their forthcoming album Humanicide, DEATH ANGEL has maintained their throne in the universe of Thrash while still managing to remain progressive in their style. They apply a wide variety of different elements to their music, always pushing to add newness to their sound. This time around they've included everything from acoustic bits, to guest musicians, to even (for the first time) the notes of a piano. All 10 songs flow seamlessly yet each leaves its own distinct impression. The first single and title track "Humanicide" triumphantly represents the entirety of the album, immediately energizing the listener.
DEATH ANGEL's U.S. tour in support of Humanicide with OVERKILL and MOTHERSHIP is now underway. Dates listed below.
Humanicide track listing:
1. Humanicide
2. Divine Defector
3. Aggressor
4. I Came For Blood
5. Immortal Behated
6. Alive and Screaming
7. The Pack
8. Ghost of Me
9. Revelation Song
10. Of Rats and Men
11. The Day I Walked Away (Bonus Track)DEATH ANGEL North American Tour Dates:
w/OVERKILL & ACT OF DEFIANCE
April 26 – Philadelphia, PA – Theater of the Living Arts
April 27 – Pittsburgh, PA – Rex Theater
April 28 – Cleveland, OH – House of Blues
April 29 – Louisville, KY – Mercury Ballroom
April 30 – Detroit, MI – St. Andrews Hall
May 1 – Grand Rapids, MI – Intersection
May 2 – Chicago, IL – House of Blues
May 3 – Minneapolis, MN – Varsity Theater
May 4 – Milwaukee, WI – The Rave
May 5 – St. Louis, MO – Delmar Hall
May 7 – Memphis, TN – The Cannery
May 8 – Cincinnati, OH – Bogarts
May 9 – Rochester, NY – Anthology
May 10 – New York, NY – PlayStation Theater (+LIFE OF AGONY)
May 11 – Boston, MA – Paradise
May 12 – Poughkeepsie, NY – The Loft at The Chance*
May 14 – Oklahoma City, OK – 89th Street*
May 15 – Lubbock, TX – Jakes*
May 16 – Albuquerque, NM – Launchpad*
May 17 – Phoenix, AZ – Club Red*
May 18 – West Hollywood, CA – Whiskey A Go Go*
May 19 – San Francisco, CA – DN Lounge*
*No OVERKILL
Author capitalchaostvPosted on April 27, 2019 April 27, 2019 Categories Music, Music Videos, NewsTags Death Angel
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SACRAMENTO – Today, California launched the next phase in its plan to further reduce fatalities and severe injuries from collisions on public roadways. Brian P. Kelly, Secretary of the California State Transportation Agency, signed California's updated Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) joined by many of the stakeholders from the 170 public agencies and private organizations who collaborated to help create the new transportation safety blueprint.
The SHSP is a national blueprint created for states by the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials in partnership with the Federal Highway Administration to develop strategies that save lives and reduce severe injuries. It helps states identify their specific safety challenges, and guides investment decisions toward strategies with the most potential to save lives and prevent severe injuries.
"It is a major achievement for a state as geographically and culturally diverse as California to agree on an approach that meets the needs of such different areas when it comes to traffic safety," said Tony Furst, Associate Administrator for Safety, Federal Highways Administration.
Under the original SHSP, developed in 2005, California experienced a 30.4 percent reduction in roadway fatalities from 2005 to 2012, and a 17.5 percent reduction in severe injuries. The new plan, just like the original, is largely data-driven, where safety and other significant data is used to help define problems, develop solutions and measure progress.
"One of the key reasons for California's success in saving lives is that SHSP actions are based on data about collision factors and results are tracked to measure results," according to David Ragland, PhD, MPH, Emeritus Adjunct Professor, School of Public Health, Director, Safe Transportation Research and Education Center (SafeTREC), University of California, Berkeley.
This SHSP update also comes as a result of requirements under the federal Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). The Act not only asked all states to update their SHSPs but to expand the scope beyond highways to include all public roads and to put a greater focus on safety for users of all forms of transportation, including bicyclists and pedestrians.
California's lead SHSP agencies are: Caltrans, California Office of Traffic Safety, California Highway Patrol, California Department of Public Health, California Department of Motor Vehicles, California Emergency Medical Services Authority, California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control, California State Association of Counties, and County Engineers Association of California.
Anyone interested in helping improve roadway safety is encouraged to get involved by visiting the SHSP website at http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/traffops/shsp/. Individuals and organizations can get regular SHSP updates or sign up to participate in one of 15 Challenge Area teams that meet regularly to implement the SHSP and measure its progress. Regional engagement summits will also be held in the coming year. For more information contact SHSP@dot.ca.gov.
The California State Transportation Agency, which launched July 1, 2013, is responsible for transportation-related departments within the state: Board of Pilot Commissioners, California Highway Patrol, California Transportation Commission, Department of Transportation, Department of Motor Vehicles, High-Speed Rail Authority, New Motor Vehicle Board and Office of Traffic Safety. The Agency was formed as part of Governor Brown's Government Reorganization Plan, which became law in 2012. For more information, visit www.calsta.ca.gov.


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» Genealogy and Records
Hampton Genealogy
Hampton was founded in 1638 by a small number of families of English origin, led by the town's founder the Reverend Stephen Bachiler. Over the following centuries descendants of those few families, and many more who moved to town in later years, have spread around the world. Some descendants come to do research in our New Hampshire room, while many more use the genealogical and historical resources on the library's website.
Browse through the menus at left to explore Hampton's history and genealogy. One of the first stops to research Hampton ancestors should be our database of over 23,000 individuals who lived in town over the past four centuries. This resource had its origin in 1997 when all of the genealogical data from volume two of Joseph Dow's History of Hampton was entered into a database. Since that time information has been added from many more genealogical reference works, and many corrections and additions have been made to Dow's original work.
Explore these links:
How to do Hampton genealogy
Printed genealogies in the library's collection
Other published genealogical reference works owned by the library
Old documents
Hampton genealogies on other websites


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Magazine e-Library
Growth SMEs
Funmilayo Odude, Legal Practitioner, Damod Law Practice
Follow Funmilayo Odude
@funmiodude
Subjects of Interest
How does the Petroleum Industry Act protect our environment? 09 Sep 2021
Last month, Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) put to rest one of the prominent Nigerian cases against it over oil spillage arising from its activities in communities in Ogoniland. The 'oil major' of Anglo-Dutch origins agreed to pay the sum of N45.9 billion as compensation to the communities. But perhaps the most consequential activity in the Nigerian oil industry in decades was the signing of the Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) into law by President Muhammadu Buhari on the 16th of August 2021.
What changes does the PIB, now the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) 2021, bring to environmental challenges caused by oil production activities in the country?
The impact of oil pollution in the host communities in the Niger Delta region of the country is undeniable. Since oil production began in Oloibiri town in present-day Bayelsa State in 1956, environmental pollution arising from oil spillage, pipeline explosion, gas flaring and venting, improper disposal of large volumes of petroleum-derived hazardous hydrocarbons, waste streams, sabotage, oil well blow out and oil blast discharges, among others, have had grave consequences for the people in the host communities.
In a United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report released in 2011, the impacts of oil pollution on public health, aquatic life and vegetation in Ogoniland were egregious. The environmental impact assessment study was carried out at the request of the federal government.
It is clear from the lawsuit against Shell that the court process is not a viable way to deal with such environmental issues. For instance, the UNEP report explains that, because Ogoniland has high rainfall, any delay in cleaning up an oil spill would lead to oil being washed away, traversing farmland and almost always ending up in the creeks. Thus, at one site, Ejama-Ebubu in Eleme Local Government Area (LGA), the study found heavy contamination present 40 years after an oil spill had occurred, despite repeated cleanup attempts.
The report states that it could take between 25 to 30 years to reverse many of the environmental and social consequences of oil spillage in the Niger Delta. Delay in tackling any oil spill, therefore, is tantamount to unmitigated injustice to the people affected. Any damages awarded by the courts after protracted litigation would be incapable of truly remediating the environment or restoring the communities as much as possible back to the way they were before the spillage.
Nigeria has evolved in its regulation of environmental impact of oil production activities since the 1969 Petroleum Act. However, the PIA represents a holistic legislation that provides for the rights, responsibilities and duties of the various stakeholders in the oil and gas industry while also making express provisions for fiscal responsibilities in safeguarding the environment.
The Petroleum Industry Act mandates a licensee or lessee who engages in upstream and midstream petroleum operations to submit an environmental management plan to the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority, the regulator of the midstream and downstream sectors (the Authority) or the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission, the regulator of the upstream sector (the Commission) – two of the new institutions created by the PIA – as the case may be, for approval. This is in respect of projects that require environmental impact assessment.
The two factors to be considered in approving an environmental management plan is its compliance with the relevant environmental laws and the capacity of the applicant to rehabilitate and manage negative impacts on the environment. The PIA expressly provides that chemicals shall not be utilized for upstream petroleum operations, except the Commission grants an applicable permit and approval.
Whereas the responsibilities for oil spill recovery, clean up and remediation belong to the operators of licenses and leases under the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency (NOSDRA) Act and its Oil Spill Recovery, Clean-up, Remediation and Damage Assessment Regulations, the PIA provides a more enforceable framework by creating not just administrative but also fiscal provisions. The Act creates the environmental remediation fund for the rehabilitation or management of negative environmental impacts arising from the operations of licenses and leases. The fund is financed by contributions charged as part of the conditions precedent to the grant of a license or lease.
The contribution to be paid is determined by the size of the operations and the level of environmental risk that may exist. This fund is to be applied where a licensee or lessee fails to rehabilitate or manage any negative impact on the environment arising from its operations.
The reservations about the proper utilization of the fund are understandable, especially following the queries on the speed, accountability and transparency of the Hydrocarbon Pollution Remediation Project (HYPREP) by stakeholders including the National Assembly. The HYPREP was established in 2016 under the Federal Ministry of Environment to determine the scope, means and modalities of remediation of soil and ground water contamination in affected communities and remedy them. Many people have complained about the speed and low level of expertise for implementing the project. The provisions in the PIA regarding remediation and the environmental remediation fund, however, provide a workable framework which can make a difference where the political will exists.
The PIA further provides for a more stringent prohibition of gas flaring by not merely penalizing it but by also making the fines payable, as it is ineligible for cost recovery and is no longer tax deductible. The fines are furthermore targeted towards environmental remediation and relief for host communities through the settlors for which the penalties were levied.
The decommissioning framework in the Nigerian petroleum industry has evolved over the years. It was mostly provided for under the Environmental Guidelines and Standards for the Petroleum Industry in Nigeria (EGASPIN) issued in 1991 by the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) under the Ministry of Petroleum Resources. The guidelines were revised and updated in 2002, 2016 and 2018. EGASPIN outlines environmental and safety standards that must be complied with by oil operators in Nigeria, to prevent, minimize, and control pollution from the various aspects of petroleum operations. The revised 2018 version made provisions for decommissioning offshore facilities as well as inland and near-shore areas. The exploration and production contracts also contained clauses on decommissioning.
The PIA builds on the existing framework by expressly legislating the duties and responsibilities around decommissioning and abandonment. It makes extensive provisions covering the decommissioning and abandonment of petroleum wells, installations, structures, utilities, plants and pipelines, which are now regulated and supervised by the Commission or Authority as the case may be and is to be conducted in accordance with good international petroleum industry practice.
While EGASPIN provided three options to licensees and lessees to provide security for decommissioning, the PIA creates a decommissioning and abandonment fund which is to be set up and maintained by each licensee and lessee in the form of an escrow account accessible to the Commission or Authority and held by a financial institution that is not an affiliate of the lessee or licensee. This fund is to be exclusively used to pay for decommissioning and abandonment costs. Thus, even where the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) by virtue of the contracts retained ownership of the assets and thus residual liabilities with respect to decommissioned assets, the fund ensures that the costs are still covered by the operators.
The Act also makes provisions for the host communities. While the most topical is the Host Communities Trust Fund which is to be funded by 3% of the upstream petroleum operators' annual operating expenses, the Act further provides that upon the issuance of a license or lease, the operators are to conduct a community needs assessment comprising social, economic and environmental needs and are to develop and execute a development plan subject to the Commission or Authority's approval.
The PIA provides a comprehensive legal and governance framework that remedies the labyrinth of regulations in the petroleum industry. Its impact on the industry and indeed Nigeria's economy would be largely dependent on its implementation.
The President has approved a steering committee to guide the implementation of the provisions of the PIA and the transition process across a 12-months period. As the Commission and the Authority begin to make regulations after their set-up, there would be a harmonization of all the regulations in the industry and thus clarity and coherence with respect to regulations, reporting, and enforcement. It thus provides a chance for the country to achieve profitable exploration and commercialization of resources while minimizing or eliminating the negative effects of oil exploration and production activities on our environment.
Funmilayo Odude is a Partner at Commercial and Energy Law Practice (CANDELP).
Latest Blogs By Funmilayo Odude
The shameful misreporting of court ruling on marriages
Making the Lagos EndSARS panel report useful
SEC Rules and curbing Ponzi schemes in Nigeria
It's time for the Supreme Court to resolve the VAT controversy
How does the Petroleum Industry Act protect our environment?
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text:
Occasional Papers Soviet
>OPS-017
The Soviet Political System in Crisis
Symposium Report
by Stephan De Spiegeleire, Jeremy R. Azrael, Robert Nurick, Abraham S. Becker
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PDF file 0.7 MB
Use Adobe Acrobat Reader version 10 or higher for the best experience.
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This paper presents summaries of the proceedings of the RAND/UCLA Center for Soviet Studies' fourth annual conference, April 1990. Symposium participants Alex Alexiev, Jeremy Azrael, and Robert Nurick of The RAND Corporation, and Richard Anderson of the University of California at Los Angeles discuss the growing criticism of Mikhail Gorbachev from various Soviet left- and right-wing organizations, and the balance Gorbachev must maintain between party officialdom and the population. The Soviet military establishment is described as an institution under siege as the Soviet High Command increasingly links its institutional concerns to broader issues of Gorbachev's foreign policy. Soviet national and ethnic unrest and the implications are also discussed. Moderator Abraham Becker concludes with a discussion of the Soviet economic crisis.
This report is part of the RAND Corporation Occasional paper (Soviet) series. The occasional paper series was a product of the RAND Corporation from 1985 to 1992. It included the occasional paper education (OPE) and occasional paper Soviet (OPS), which was issued jointly by the RAND/UCLA Center for Soviet Studies (CSS) to facilitate the exchange of ideas among those who shared the research interests of the Center and of scholars participating in its research and seminar programs.
This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited; linking directly to this product page is encouraged. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial purposes. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.
Copyright: RAND Corporation
Paperback Pages: 20
Paperback Price: $16.00
Document Number: OPS-017
Series: Occasional Papers (Soviet)
RAND Corporation Style Manual
De Spiegeleire, Stephan, Jeremy R. Azrael, Robert Nurick, and Abraham S. Becker, The Soviet Political System in Crisis: Symposium Report. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1990. https://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers-soviet/OPS017.html. Also available in print form.
De Spiegeleire, Stephan, Jeremy R. Azrael, Robert Nurick, and Abraham S. Becker, The Soviet Political System in Crisis: Symposium Report, RAND Corporation, OPS-017, 1990. As of January 11, 2023: https://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers-soviet/OPS017.html
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text:
Q: How load libsvm data file into numpy array to be used for kmeans clustering in sciki-learn? I need to do clustering on a libsvm format data file, I know that we can load data using X,y = sklearn.datasets.load_svmlight_file(dataFilename). This returns X as a sparse matrix. Is there any way to load data into numpy array or convert X to dense array.
Note: data format as follows:
 : :....
Thanks

A: Depending on whether you want the output dense matrix to be in form of an array or a matrix, you can call either toarray() or todense() function of the resulting CSR (CSC) scipy matrix. See https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.sparse.csr_matrix.html for more details.


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Q: Biber and Biblatex incompatible versions I recently had to reinstall Windows 10.  Upon doing so, my Miktex and Texmaker were deleted and needed to be reinstalled as well.  I have been learning LaTeX via Texmaker since July of this year.
After I had reinstalled Texmaker and Miktex, I went to run my dissertation document.  I use BibLatex and Biber for the references.  When I run the document, the following error message appears below:
INFO - This is Biber 2.7 INFO - Logfile is 'Dissertation Master File.blg' INFO - Reading 'Dissertation Master File.bcf' ERROR - Error: Found biblatex control file version 3.4, expected version 3.3. This means that your biber (2.7) and biblatex (3.8a) versions are incompatible. See compat matrix in biblatex or biber PDF documentation. INFO - ERRORS: 1
My questions are, has anyone ran into this problem before and how do I fix it?  Please feel free to inform me of anything you need from my end as this is my first question asked and I am a novice.


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AP source: Raiders OL Jackson out 8 weeks with knee injury
NAPA, Calif. (AP) — Oakland Raiders starting right guard Gabe Jackson will be sidelined about eight weeks after injuring his left knee during Thursday's joint practice with the Los Angeles Rams. A person familiar with the diagnosis said Jackson hurt his MCL when someone rolled into his leg early in practice. The person spoke on condition of anonymity because the team hadn't released details of the injury. The diagnosis was first reported by The Athletic.
Oakland Raiders offensive guard Gabe Jackson (66) and teammates stretch during the NFL football team's minicamp in Alameda, Calif. The Raiders are concerned about the status of starting right guard Jackson after he injured his leg in a joint practice with the Los Angeles Rams. Jackson went down early in the session Thursday, Aug. 8, when someone rolled into his leg. Jackson was then taken off the field on a cart and owner Mark Davis went into the locker room shortly after that for almost 15 minutes.
Oakland Raiders head coach Jon Gruden claps during NFL football training camp Thursday, Aug. 8, 2019, in Napa, Calif. Both the Oakland Raiders and the Los Angeles Rams held a joint practice before their upcoming preseason game on Saturday.
Jackson was taken off the field on a cart after the injury and owner Mark Davis went into the locker room shortly after that for almost 15 minutes. Jackson, a third-round pick in 2014, is a key part of Oakland's offensive line and the team's longest-tenured player alongside quarterback Derek Carr and defensive tackle Justin Ellis. He received a five-year, $56 million extension in 2017 and is being counted on to be a big part of Carr's protection this season.
The Raiders already will be without starting left guard Richie Incognito for the first two regular-season games because of a suspension, and top backup Denzelle Good is expected to miss the start of the season after undergoing back surgery.
Jonathan Cooper is expected to start in Incognito's place to begin the season. Denver Kirkland and Jordan Devey split time in Jackson's place for the remainder of the practice. With Jackson expected to miss at least the first four games, the Raiders could look to add more depth at the position.
"We'll have to put our heads together and take a look at where we're going if we need to," coach Jon Gruden said. Before getting hurt, Jackson was involved in one of two scuffles that took place during a more heated joint practice than the first session between the teams on Wednesday.
Jackson got tangled up with Rams star defensive tackle Aaron Donald at one point, leading players on both teams to rush to the pile and Los Angeles coach Sean McVay to run over from the opposite field to make sure it didn't escalate.
"It's football," Donald said. "It's just practice, it's just how the emotions (are) some days. A little bit of pushing and shoving never hurt anybody. We're just getting after it." There was another run-in shortly after that between the Rams defense and the Raiders offense before tempers calmed. The rest of practice went on without any incidents.
"What I loved was the fact that our guys were able to regather themselves, had our poise and composure about ourselves, in terms of being able to finish out practice," McVay said. "I thought credit to both teams to be able to do that because you see when things get chippy early on, sometimes you end up having to cancel those practices. We definitely didn't want to lose that practice opportunity and to the players' credit, we didn't."
After the two practice sessions, the teams will play the exhibition opener in Oakland on Saturday night with few starters expected to play. McVay said he could play his two new starting offensive linemen, center Brian Allen and tackle Joe Noteboom, for a couple of series. Linebacker Micah Kiser and defensive tackle Sebastian Joseph-Day are the two defensive starters expected to play.
Gruden wasn't sure which starters would play for Oakland but said most were unlikely to get much time, if any, on Saturday. One player out for sure for the Raiders is star receiver Antonio Brown, who has not yet taken part in a full practice because of a foot ailment.
ESPN reported Wednesday that Brown has been dealing with a case of frostbite suffered while getting cryotherapy treatment in France last month. Gruden said Brown is still gathering information about his injury but wouldn't offer any details.
"I'm not going to get into the exact nature of the feet," he said. "I'm just not."
NFL football,
Professional football,
Richie Incognito,
Jonathan Cooper,
Derek Carr,
Los Angeles Rams,
NFC West,
National Football Conference,
Real Signs Wonderkid Reinier
49ers coach Shanahan would be fine with no preseason games
Nathan Peterman runs and throws, Raiders beat Rams 14-3
Brown returns to Raiders after absence for injured feet
AP Source: Brown takes part in meetings with Raiders
Rivers prepares for final scheduled start in Oakland
Corporate Sustainability Programs


At dinner, Margot started asking "why?" incessantly. We knew it was coming, but hoped that somehow we would have the one child who doesn't go through this phase. No such luck. Now we just have to stay sane.
It's amazing to me how these milestones can be pinpointed to a very specific moment.


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Global CompetitorsIndustry RegulationPoliticiansBoomtown
Sign Our Petition Now
Local Communities Matter
Local Media Matters
Regional Australia has a diverse range of local media outlets across television, radio and print. Many have been serving their communities for decades. Some newspapers have been published continuously for more than a century.
But they may not survive.
The trusted local media voices that readers and listeners know and love — the outlets that are part of the very fabric of regional Australia — are at breaking point. They are battling under archaic regulations that restrict ownership and are well past their use-by date.
If our industry is to make it through this crisis, these regulations must be overhauled.
We are proud of the many trusted local media voices that connect communities and inform them of local events and issues, but newspapers and local TV newsrooms are slowly fading and switching off across the country. Our society, and our democracy, is the poorer for it.
We believe regional Australians deserve better, but unless the federal government acts quickly, a sustainable independent local media presence looks increasingly unlikely.
Your point of view is important, so please join us in our fight for change.
Use your voice to help us save our local services in news and community information. We will carry the voice of regional Australia with us as we argue for a viable, long-term and independent local media for all regional Australians.
I hope you will join us.
Your Voice Matters To Local Media
Local media plays a critical role in fostering community initiatives, including support for various clubs, services and charities.
We provide publicity and free advertising to community endeavours large and small, even in the most remote regional communities.
We know how important this support is because we live and work in these communities too.
Australia's regional media companies donate more than $40 million in free advertising support every year to the communities they serve. But it doesn't end there. Your local media brings its business relationships, on-air personalities, production, technical resources and people together to give a voice to the local community.
Our services, whether they are on-air or in print, help to bring communities together.
Without local media, all this would be lost.
Authorised by C. O'Connor on behalf of Save Our Voices, Canberra


A common question I get asked is why isn't my site listed on Google? There are usually some simple answers to this question and this tutorial runs through most of them.
Finding out why a site isnt in the Google index can be done by a process of elimination.
The first thing that youll need to check is whether your site has been indexed by Google. The easy way to do this is by using the site: command in Google itself.
If Google returns no results then it means that youre not in Googles search index. If you have some results then it means that you are.
If youre not in the search results then youll need to proceed to the next steps to address this problem.
Google sends out crawlers (or search engine spiders) around the Internet to find links to web pages. When it finds pages that it feels meet its quality guidelines then it adds them to its index. If youre blocking the crawlers then your site wont get indexed by Google.
then it will block Google from indexing the site. If you want Google and all other search engines to access your site then simply remove the robots.txt file.
As mentioned above, the second way to block Google spiders from accessing your site is by using the meta robots tag. If youre using Wordpress then the creating/deletion of this can be managed from the admin interface.
If your meta robot tag contains the words noindex then it wont be indexed. To get the site into Googles index, either remove the tag or replace the noindex directive with the word index. Youll then need to wait for Google to crawl your site and all the pages within.
If the pages dont appear to be blocked and the page is still not indexed, try visiting the page whilst spoofing a Google user agent.
If you want to see what your site looks like from a search engine spiders perspective then there are several browser plugins that allow you to do this. One of these is the Firefox User Agent Switcher but there are others depending on the browser that you use.
Does Google know about your site?
If your website is not indexed and Googlebot is not blocked, the problem may be that Google does not know about your site.
If you have a Google Search Console account, you can remedy this by submitting your content to Google. A Google Search Console account is free to anyone with a Google account.
To find out if the content on your pages is unique, find some random text on your site and copy it. Now paste this into a Google search in quotes. If you find another site comes up for your search string it may mean that your content is duplicate content which Google doesnt like.
This will mean that the content for this page is more authoritative than yours and it may cause your site to not be indexed.
If your website doesnt have a sitemap then you should think about adding one. Search engines such as Google like sitemaps as they provide an information hierarchy for the website and therefore make it easier for them to index.
Adding a sitemap to your Google Search Console account will ensure that Google knows about every page on your site.
Do you have links to your site?
In simple terms, ranking on Google is like a popularity contest. If your site is linked to by other sites then Google will see you as being authoritative.
If your site doesnt have enough links then this may be why you are not listed. To address this, add links to your site from pages that are already listed. You can also add internal links too from other pages on your site - internal links are not quite as good as external links but they indicate to Google that they are important pages.
If you still have no pages indexed after looking at all the above options then you may need extra help. You may have been affected by Google penalties or may have been bombarded by negative links. If this is the case, it may be wise to employ the services of a SEO specialist who can help repair your situation. Ive been working on search engine optimisation for over 20 years now and would be more than happy to give you some friendly advice based on your situation. If you need help, drop me a line and Ill see if I can help.
How does Google Define Quality Pages?


We do not sell bike accessories on this site yet, but we do highly recommend checking out these other businesses and websites that offer products we deem to be the perfect add-ons for any bike/trike rider. The range includes: Backpacks, LED's and Mirrors.
There are mirrors out there that use a clamp or strap that attaches under the brake lever. The B&M Cycle Star 80-903 is imported through Peter White Cycles. The Cycle Star has the clamp/strap we need for the Performer trikes plus, it can be use with bikes with bar end fittings.
For bags other than regular panniers for racks, we also like Smokey Mountain Saddlebags.
The Blackburn Road Mirror is a fine choice that goes right under your hand or even your hand grip.
Another alternative version we recommend.
For on top of the rear rack, we like the BV Commuter Carrier.
For flags there's not much better than Purple Sky Flags from TerraCycle. The designs and color combinations are wonderful.
*There is no flag holder as such. But many customers have drilled a small hole in the back of the seat, at the top of the hollow rib and then inserted a flag there. Be careful not to drill all the way to the front. As soon as the hole is at a starting point, drill down inside the seat support rib. Here is an example.


Overflight. The U.S. Air Force and Marines teamed with the South Korean and Japanese air forces Thursday to conduct an unprecedented show of force and live fire exercise over the Korean peninsula. And the timing was no coincidence.
The mission "was conducted in direct response to North Korea's intermediate-range ballistic missile launch," which flew over Japan earlier this week, the U.S. Pacific Command said in a statement. "North Korea's actions are a threat to our allies, partners and homeland, and their destabilizing actions will be met accordingly," said Gen. Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy, Commander, U.S. Pacific Air Forces. The Corps sent four F-35B's to join two USAF B-1B bombers, two Japanese F-15s and four South Korean F-15s "for the first time in a sequenced bilateral mission with Japan and Republic of Korea air forces in Northeast Asia," Pacom said.
Afghanistan. The U.S. military command in Afghanistan has opened an investigation into an airstrike that allegedly killed as many as 11 civilians in eastern Logar province, the second incident this week involving civilian casualties. The other incident occurred Monday, and residents and officials in Herat Province in western Afghanistan claimed airstrikes there had killed more than a dozen civilians. The Afghan Ministry of Defense said that the later strike had been carried out by the Afghan Air Force and that 18 Taliban fighters had also been killed.
The strikes come as Defense Secretary James Mattis weighs sending thousands more Americans to advise Afghan forces in the thick of the fight against the Taliban and the Islamic State, and increasing airstrikes and artillery support to blunt the Taliban's recent momentum.
Real troop numbers. The Defense Department admitted Wednesday that there are already 11,000 American troops in Afghanistan, a number vastly higher than the 8,400 they had claimed for months were deployed. So, why the deception?
FP's Paul McLeary writes that there are thousands of troops deployed both to Afghanistan (and Iraq) on a "temporary" basis, often for just weeks at a time, that the Pentagon didn't count as deployed since they are not part of a scheduled, longer rotation. The practice, the military claims, was made necessary due to the Obama administration's cap of 8,400 troops in the country, which forced the military to split up units and only deploy them piecemeal.
The Trump administration accepted the policy, and "the new accounting practices will still only represent an approximation of how many troops are on the ground, and could be off by hundreds as some units overlap during rotations in and out of the country." Still, there hasn't been a great explanation for hiding the truth. Next up is an explanation for how many Americans are in Iraq, where there are officially 5,200 troops. Reports indicate the number is actually closer to about 7,000.
The Washington Post reports that of the 4,000 or so troops Mattis is considering sending to Afghanistan, many appear to be coming from the 82nd Airborne and 25th Infantry divisions, with Marine Corps artillery units filling in some of the gaps.
The U.S.-led coalition issued a statement Wednesday saying it "was not a party to any agreement between the Lebanese Hezbollah, the Syrian regime and ISIS. Russian and pro-regime counter-ISIS words ring hollow when they cut deals with and allow terrorists to transit territory under their control." As a result, American planes dropped a bridge and cratered a road where the estimated 600 fighters were traveling, bringing the whole op to a halt. But Syrian-backed militias who are helping the convoy said Thursday they're looking for a new route to get to Deir al-Zor province.
Exodus at State continues. A senior State Department lawyer, Todd Buchwald, is stepping down in the coming weeks, "joining scores of career civil and foreign service officers fleeing an administration that critics say has diminished the standing of U.S. diplomacy," FP's Colum Lynch and Robbie Gramer report first.
Jordan ambassador pushed out. Soon after taking office, president Trump pushed out the U.S. ambassador to Jordan after complaints from the country's king, even though there was no evidence the diplomat had misrepresented Washington's policies, reports FPs Dan De Luce and Ruby Mellen.
Question marks. The White House tells reporters that President Trump has "absolutely" has confidence in Secretary of State Rex Tillerson after reports that Tillerson was on the outs with Trump.
Gulag archipelago. The State Department released a new report this week on half a dozen North Korean prison camps for political prisoners and their families, piecing together a grim picture from defector accounts and satellite imagery. The prisons are believed to house tens of thousands of inmates believed to be insufficiently loyal to the North Korean government as well as family members detained under the North's "three generations" policy, which imprisons the family members of those convicted of political crimes.
Myanmar. Sectarian tensions in Myanmar are rising after growing calls from members of the country's Buddhist majority call for a harder military crackdown on insurgents from the Rohingya Muslim minority. Fighting in Rakhine state has thus far prompted around 18,000 Rohingya to flee into Bangladesh as refugees.
Mark as read. The Kremlin says it ignored an email sent by former Trump lawyer Michael Cohen pitching a real estate project for a Trump Tower in Moscow. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said he had seen the email, since uncovered by the Washington Post, but didn't respond "Because we do not react to such (questions about) business themes, and this is not our job," according to Reuters.
Island lair. Russian anti-corruption activist Aleksei Navalny released a new video containing drone footage of a large 125 acre property and island home allegedly owned by President Vladimir Putin. Navalny claims the property, located near the city of Vyborg close to the Finnish border, is nominally owned by Oleg Rudnov, a close friend of Putin.
Hacking. Cybersecurity firm Kaspersky Lab issued a new report on what it says is a cyberespionage group that leverages tools and tactics similar to hacking groups like Sofacy and Turla, widely believed to be run by Russian intelligence. The report details the hacking activities of a group Kaspersky labels "WhiteBear," which is "narrowly focused on embassies and consular operations around the world," particularly in Asia, Europe, and Latin America.
Rashomon effect. An Egyptian director is making a spin-off of the box office hit American Sniper about the life of Navy SEAL sniper Chris Kyle. The film, Iraqi Sniper, will tell the story from the original movie from the perspective of a mythical Iraqi insurgent sniper dubbed "Juba," who was the subject of several propaganda videos released during the occupation of Iraq.
Lebanon. The U.N. Security Council has tweaked the mandate of its peacekeeping force in Lebanon, settling on compromise language that calls on UNIFIL to be more vigilant in cracking down on Hezbollah arms buildups in southern Lebanon. The move follows Israel's allegations that Iran has built rocket factories for the terrorist group in Lebanese territory, and comes after U.N. Ambassador Nikki Haley criticized UNIFIL for "an embarrassing lack of understanding" for its apparent inability to locate Hezbollah weapons caches.
Drones. It seems like every militant group in the Middle East is getting on board the commercial drone bomber trend. The latest entrant is the PKK, a Kurdish terrorist group, which reportedly lost a hexarotor drone bomber after Turkish troops downed southeastern Turkey.
Drone hunter. Russia says its Pantsir-S1 anti-aircraft systems in Syria have shot down two Israeli drones in Syria near the port city of Tartus, as well as an RQ-21A Blackjack, and Turkish Bayraktar drone.
Garage sale. Soldiers and civilians near Fort Campbell Kentucky made over a million dollars by selling stolen military weapons and equipment to buyers as far away as Russia, China, and Hong Kong through eBay auctions, according to federal prosecutors. Prosecutors are currently trying John Roberts, alleging that he helped lead the sales ring which hawked rifle parts, a machine gun, body armor, and helmets online.
Days of bugs past. CNN recounts some newly declassified details on the detection of a Russian listening device in the State Department in 1999.


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Fri, Jul 19, 2019 [Archive]
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Volume 3, Issue 2 (May 2018) JNFS 2018, 3(2): 60-64 | Back to browse issues page
Chaman-Ara K, Sharif S, Bahrami M A. Challenges and Barriers to Pregnant Women's Nutrition: Policy Recommendations. JNFS. 2018; 3 (2) :60-64
URL: http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-156-en.html
Challenges and Barriers to Pregnant Women's Nutrition: Policy Recommendations
Kefayat Chaman-Ara, Sahar Sharif, Mohammad Amin Bahrami
Department of Healthcare Management, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Keywords: Pregnant women, Nutrition, Nutrition recommendation
Full-Text [PDF 388 kb] (336 Downloads) | Abstract (HTML) (919 Views)
Full-Text: (154 Views)
Kefayat Chaman-Ara; MD1, Sahar Sharif; MS2 & Mohammad Amin Bahrami; PhD3,4*
1 Obstetrician and Gynecologist, Kowsar Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Research Fellow, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, UK.
3 Department of Healthcare Management, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
4 Hospital Management Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
EDITORIAL ARTICLE Corresponding author:
aminbahrami1359@gmail.com
Department of Healthcare Management, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Keywords: Pregnant women; Nutrition; Nutrition recommendation
Received: 18 Jul 2017
Accepted: 4 Nov 2017
Malnutrition affects millions around the world, especially in low and middle-income countries and has widespread negative consequences including morbidity, mortality and loss of productivity and production capacity (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012). Pregnancy is a vital and important phase of the life cycle (Dietetics, 2014). Malnutrition during pregnancy can have irreversible short- and long-term effects on maternal and fetal health (Arrish et al., 2017, Reyes et al., 2013).
Studies have shown that maternal malnutrition during pregnancy is related to neonatal complications such as abortion, pre-term birth, low birth weight and infant born small or large
for gestational age. Maternal malnutrition has
also been associated with long term neonatal complications such as impaired brain development, poor cognitive and behavioral capacity and functional impairment in adulthood (Arrish et al., 2017, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012, Reyes et al., 2013, Yakoob and Lo, 2017). The future of any society depends on children
being able to reach their optimal growth and development. Therefore, the inadequate
nutrition of mothers during pregnancy can
disrupt the development process of countries through impairing the children's physical and mental growth (Yakoob and Lo, 2017). Malnutrition before, during and after pregnancy
can also lead to various maternal complications
such as hypertension, obesity, gestational diabetes, labor complications, preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, depression and mental disorders (Dietetics, 2014, Nguyen et al., 2017, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012, Reyes et al., 2013).
In contrast, an adequate maternal nutrition is associated with greater maternal and child health, better management of pregnancy outcomes and prevention of complications (Kavle and Landry, 2018, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012, Yakoob and Lo, 2017). Therefore, many countries have considered women's nutrition during pregnancy a health priority and have made it a focus in their national health policies (Ramakrishnan et al., 2012). However, unfortunately, available data from many different countries suggest that inadequate nutrition during pregnancy remains a persistent challenge (Kavle and Landry, 2018). Solving this problem requires addressing its various underlying determinants (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017). Maternal nutrition throughout life is affected by complex and interdependent economic, social, cultural and healthcare-related factors; therefore, adapting a holistic approach is imperative to deal with the issue. (Moghasemi et al., 2015, Yakoob and Lo, 2017).
An approach which focuses on the entire life cycle and various malnutrition risk factors
before, during and after pregnancy will help to formulate effective policies and strategies by identifying challenges and barriers to maternal nutrition.(Moghasemi et al., 2015). In general, challenges and barriers to adequate maternal nutrition can be divided into three categories:
The first category of adequate maternal nutrition barriers is individual and household challenges. Some of the most important barriers of this level are: economic barriers such as financial hardship and the lack of access to affordable food in less developed countries. Of course, it should be noted that malnutrition does not only happen in poor societies; poor nutrition can also occur in more developed countries
due to unhealthy and excessive food intake (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Kavle and Landry, 2018, Moghasemi et al., 2015, Yakoob and Lo, 2017). Other barriers in this category are lack of physical access to healthy food, especially in rural and remote areas (Arrish et al., 2017); poor nutritional knowledge; cultural barriers; work commitments and inadequate life skills of adolescent girls and women (Arrish et al., 2017, Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Kavle and Landry, 2018, Moghasemi et al., 2015, Yakoob and Lo, 2017). Furthermore, the family structure directly affects family support received by mothers. For example, in crowded families, women's access to adequate nutrition is more threatened (Hromi-Fiedler et al., 2016). Discrimination in the homework pattern can also increase the chance of women experiencing nutritional deficiencies. Intra-household food allocation can be a barrier to adequate nutrition. For example, in some societies, based on the existing cultural norms, husbands and children eat prior to women. Lastly, premature and multiple pregnancies can aggravate nutritional problems during pregnancy (Kavle and Landry, 2018, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
The second category of barriers affecting maternal nutrition is community level challenges. The main barriers in this category are cultural ones, which include social misconceptions and inappropriate customs. These can lead to women having unhealthy food habits. Another barrier is poor social support for pregnant women. A more constructive and educational support system would include nutritional advice for women during pregnancy (Hromi-Fiedler et al., 2016, Kavle and Landry, 2018).
The third category is trans-local and institutional challenges. Barriers of this category are poor food procurement and distribution system (Hromi-Fiedler et al., 2016); a weak nutritional educational system; poor nutritional knowledge of pregnancy-related caregivers (Moghasemi et al., 2015) and lack of relevant and reliable public training infrastructure, resources and platforms. Furthermore, there are inappropriate models of care and health system arrangements that threaten the early recognition of nutritional inadequacy in pregnant women (Arrish et al., 2017, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012). Lastly, there is poor legislation capacity to support maternal nutrition: for example, the
lack of legislation on women's employment during pregnancy (Arrish et al., 2017, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
Given these challenges, many countries have implemented policies, strategies and actions to improve maternal nutrition during pregnancy. Based on our holistic approach, these actions can be divided into 3 levels; individual/household, community and national/institutional level. Examples of each level actions are presented in below.
Individual / household level
Improving nutrition education for adolescent girls and women in order to correct nutritional attitudes and preferences, empowering them and promoting self-efficacy (Arrish et al., 2017, Hromi-Fiedler et al., 2016, Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Kavle and Landry, 2018).
- Correcting inappropriate nutritional traditions, customs and norms within the family and providing family support for pregnant
women (Hromi-Fiedler et al., 2016, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Identifying and addressing the barriers affecting women's perceptions and choices of food (Kavle and Landry, 2018).
- Empowering households and trying to make behavioral changes at the individual / household level (Kavle and Landry, 2018, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Strengthening the role of NGOs in development and implementation of maternal nutrition plans (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017). - Adopting a community-based management approach to address malnutrition during pregnancy (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017).
- The widespread use of social marketing aimed at improving nutritional culture (e.g. promoting healthy eating, supporting and implementing symbolic programs such as villages' health and nutrition or mothers' nutrition day) (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Encouraging the development of maternal supportive networks such as female community health volunteers, social campaigns such as pregnant women's education campaigns and influencer groups such as religious societies to play a role in improving maternal nutrition (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Kavle and Landry, 2018, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Development of psychosocial support infrastructure for women (Yakoob and Lo, 2017).
- Modifying pregnancy care models and using holistic community-based models (Ramakrishnan et al., 2012).
- Supporting cultural reforms related to maternal nutrition at a community level (Ramakrishnan et al., 2012).
National / institutional level
- Developing a national nutrition policy
and strategy for pregnant women (Kavle and Landry, 2018).
- Regular monitoring, review and updating of maternal nutrition policies and strategies (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012).
- Developing pregnancy-related national dietary guidelines and including them in strategic policies and programs as well as in-service training curriculum (Reyes et al., 2013).
- Identify at-risk groups and support them through policies such as subsidizing pregnancy-related foods, focusing on rural and remote areas or the distribution of nutritional supplements for school girls and pregnant women (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Strengthening girls and women's education, including primary and higher education, by improving nutritional knowledge and the access to health information for individuals, households and communities, especially access to relevant and valid nutritional information (Arrish et al., 2017, Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017, Moghasemi et al., 2015, Mora and Nestel, 2000).
- Decentralizing government functions and empowering regional and local bodies with sufficient resources and power to plan and act (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017).
- Improving the affordable food supply/procurement and distribution system (Arrish et al., 2017, Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Empowering pregnancy-related caregivers such as midwives and nurses, and improving their nutritional knowledge by integrating sufficient nutrition courses in training curriculums, and providing resources for nutritional advice during pregnancy (Kavle and Landry, 2018, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012, Reyes et al., 2013).
- Integration of general nutrition recommendations by general practitioners, nutritionists and dietitians in prenatal care (Ramakrishnan et al., 2012).
- Using an active approach instead of a passive and preventive approach (Kavle and Landry, 2018, Ramakrishnan et al., 2012).
- Promoting intersectoral (even cross-country) collaboration, political commitment and technical capacity to address the challenge of malnutrition during pregnancy (Karmacharyad and Ranaa, 2017).
- Provide appropriate supportive laws including legislation on the employment of women during pregnancy (Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Using missed capacities of the health system to improve the maternal nutrition: some of components of Iranian health system, such as the primary health care network and the implementation of some programs such as family physician program have made an exclusive platform for local and community-based interventions, but this capacity seems to have been used less to improve the nutritional status of adolescent girls and women (Moghasemi et al., 2015).
- Involve other sectors such as the national youth organization, the presidential women deputy, educational system, agricultural system, private sector and other nonprofit organizations in improving maternal nutrition (Kavle and Landry, 2018).
- Develop fair access to health, nutrition and family planning services for women of child bearing age (Mora and Nestel, 2000).
This paper presents some of the current maternal nutritional challenges as well as potential policy options to address them. Despite the extent of the barriers and challenges facing maternal nutrition during pregnancy, there is still little research on factors associated with this challenge and the effectiveness of related interventions. Furthermore, there is a wide gap in the translation of existing documents into effective policies and strategies. Therefore, future research should focus on these aspects (Kavle and Landry, 2018, Mora and Nestel, 2000).
Arrish J, Yeatman H & Williamson M 2017. Midwives' Role in Providing Nutrition Advice during Pregnancy: Meeting the Challenges? A Qualitative Study. Nursing research and practice. 2017: 1-11.
Dietetics AoNa 2014. Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: Nutrition and life style for a healthy pregnancy outcome. Journal of the academy of nutrition and dietetics. 114 (7): 1100-1103.
Hromi-Fiedler A, et al. 2016. Barriers and Facilitators to Improve Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among WIC-Eligible Pregnant Latinas: An Application of the Health Action Process Approach Framework. Journal of nutrition educatiin and behavior 48: 468-477.
Karmacharyad C & Ranaa P 2017. Maternal and Child Nutrition in Nepal: Examining drivers of progress from the mid-1990s to 2010s. Global food security. 13: 30-37.
Kavle J & Landry M 2018. Addressing barriers to maternal nutrition in low‐ and middle income countries: A review of the evidence and programme implications. Maternal and child nutrition. 14 (1).
Moghasemi S, Ajh N, Estaki T & Mirmiran P 2015. The status, policies and programs of nutrition among in nursing mothers: A review article. Hakim Jorjani Journal. 2 (2): 1-10.
Mora J & Nestel P 2000. Improving prenatal nutrition in developing countries: strategies, prospects, and challenges. American journal of clinical nutrition 71 (suppl): 1353S-1363S.
Nguyen P, et al. 2017. Impact of preconceptional micronutrient supplementation on maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum: results from a randomized controlled trial in Vietnam. BMC women's health. 17 (44): 1-9.
Ramakrishnan U, et al. 2012. Public health interventions, barriers, and opportunities for improving maternal nutrition in India. Food and nutrition bulletin. 33 (2, supplement): 71-92.
Reyes N, Klotz A & Herring S 2013. A qualitative study of motivators and barriers to healthy eating in pregnancy for low-income, overweight, african-american mothers. Journal of the academy of nutrition and dietetics 113 (9): 1175-1181.
Yakoob M & Lo C 2017. Nutrition (Micronutrients) in Child Growth and Development: A Systematic Review on Current Evidence, Recommendations and Opportunities for Further Research. Journal of developmental & behavioral pediatrics. 38 (8): 665-679.
Type of article: editorial article | Subject: public specific
Received: 2018/05/1 | Accepted: 2018/05/1 | Published: 2018/05/1
1. Arrish J, Yeatman H & Williamson M 2017. Midwives' Role in Providing Nutrition Advice during Pregnancy: Meeting the Challenges? A Qualitative Study. Nursing research and practice. 2017: 1-11.
2. Dietetics AoNa 2014. Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: Nutrition and life style for a healthy pregnancy outcome. Journal of the academy of nutrition and dietetics. 114 (7): 1100-1103.
3. Hromi-Fiedler A, et al. 2016. Barriers and Facilitators to Improve Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among WIC-Eligible Pregnant Latinas: An Application of the Health Action Process Approach Framework. Journal of nutrition educatiin and behavior 48: 468-477.
4. Karmacharyad C & Ranaa P 2017. Maternal and Child Nutrition in Nepal: Examining drivers of progress from the mid-1990s to 2010s. Global food security. 13: 30-37.
5. Kavle J & Landry M 2018. Addressing barriers to maternal nutrition in low‐ and middle income countries: A review of the evidence and programme implications. Maternal and child nutrition. 14 (1).
6. Moghasemi S, Ajh N, Estaki T & Mirmiran P 2015. The status, policies and programs of nutrition among in nursing mothers: A review article. Hakim Jorjani Journal. 2 (2): 1-10.
7. Mora J & Nestel P 2000. Improving prenatal nutrition in developing countries: strategies, prospects, and challenges. American journal of clinical nutrition 71 (suppl): 1353S-1363S.
8. Nguyen P, et al. 2017. Impact of preconceptional micronutrient supplementation on maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum: results from a randomized controlled trial in Vietnam. BMC women's health. 17 (44): 1-9.
9. Ramakrishnan U, et al. 2012. Public health interventions, barriers, and opportunities for improving maternal nutrition in India. Food and nutrition bulletin. 33 (2, supplement): 71-92.
10. Reyes N, Klotz A & Herring S 2013. A qualitative study of motivators and barriers to healthy eating in pregnancy for low-income, overweight, african-american mothers. Journal of the academy of nutrition and dietetics 113 (9): 1175-1181.
11. Yakoob M & Lo C 2017. Nutrition (Micronutrients) in Child Growth and Development: A Systematic Review on Current Evidence, Recommendations and Opportunities for Further Research. Journal of developmental & behavioral pediatrics. 38 (8): 665-679.
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