I'm seeing increasing blogosphere references to Intrade prediction markets, so I thought I'd cruise over to intrade.com and have look. I first heard of the idea of using prediction markets in business over a decade ago from amateur economist and Business Objects co-worker Timo Elliott.
While I found the idea intriguing, Timo was way ahead of this time. In those days no "serious" business person would use anything "as random as a market" to do something important, like forecast sales. But inexplicably those same serious people were seemingly happy to have a market set a price for a share of their stock.
Will the Higgs boson be observed in 2008?
Will Obama win the presidency?
Will there be a magnitude 9.0 earthquake this year?
And most of all, will there be a recession in 2009?
Let's see what Intrade has to say. On the boson, you can buy a contract that says it will be observed before the end of 2008 for only $2. (If the event happens by the date, the contract is worth $100; if it doesn't, it expires worthless.) The price has plummeted due to the shutdown of the large Hadron collider.
On the presidential race, it seems as if the economic crisis has been good for Obama.
On the possibility of a magnitude 9.0 earthquake striking before the end of this year, while they're only trading for $4, I'm still selling since there have only been four magnitude 9+ quakes in the last 118 years. You can buy or sell the contracts on Intrade. If you sold these at $4, the most you can make is $4/contract when it (hopefully) expires worthless on 12/31/08. By the way, buying a contract for $4 that pays $100 if an event occurs represents 24:1 odds (remember you get your bet back), which is actually quite consistent with the history (118/4 = 29.5). But remember 5/6th of the year is already past.
Finally, on whether they'll be a recession in 2009, that contract costs nearly $80 and will deliver $100 if it happens, implying odds of 1:4. Note, that's not 4:1, but 1:4 — i.e., a fairly certain outcome in the minds of the betters.
Prediction markets are fun. But what do you make of the discrepancy between Intrade, the Iowa Electronic Markets, and Betfair as noted by the folks at FiveThirtyEight?


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
null

#### Original name
Amanita pulchella f. pulchella S. Imai

### Remarks
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


"He told the board that CalPERS needs more taxpayer money than previously thought from state and local governments and voiced concern about 'slow progress toward full funding.' CalPERS, at last accounting, had about 74 percent of the funds it should.
"To understand his proposed rate increase, consider pension costs for the California Highway Patrol. The state is already expected to pay 33 cents for every dollar of payroll in fiscal year 2014-15, and 39 cents by 2018-19.
So CalPERS' actuary wants to firm up CalPERS' long-term stability by socking taxpayers, and what is the expected reaction from unions?
If you wanted one factoid to explain why California is so screwed up, that one is tough to beat.


text:
Mountain Movers
Mining, Sustainability and the Agents of Change
Daniel M. Franks
Published October 6, 2015 by Routledge
Mountain Movers: Mining, Sustainability and the Agents of Change
The products of mining are everywhere – if it wasn't grown, it was mined or drilled. But the mining industry has a chequered past. Pollution, human rights abuses, and corruption have tarnished the reputation of the industry across the globe. Over a decade ago the major mining companies embraced the concept of sustainable and equitable development and embarked on an explicit process of reform – but has the industry actually changed?
This book explores the dynamics of change-making for sustainable development in the resources sector, specifically the mining of mineral and energy resources. The author recounts the stories and insights of over forty change-makers both inside and outside the industry, from anti-mining activists to the professionals charged with the task of reform, introducing the people who are moving an industry that moves mountains. The book takes stock of what has worked and what has not, analyzing the relative influence and dynamics of the key corporate, civil society and government actors with a view to developing new approaches for improving environmental and social outcomes from mineral and energy development.
Illustrated with case studies from Angola, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, Guinea, Peru, The Philippines, Romania, Sierra Leone, South Africa, and The United States of America, and brimming with the backstories to the major sustainability initiatives, Mountain Movers reveals where progress has been made and where reform is still needed towards a more sustainable and equitable mining industry.
Part 1: The Imperative of Change
The 'long petal of sea, wine and snow'
Pangue, the Bío-Bío and the Performance Standards
The Global Mining Initiative
The Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project
Part 2: The Markers of Change
2. Rights
People and their place
Saltwater, freshwater
Beds are burning
The Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights
Protect, Respect, Remedy
Free, Prior and Informed Consent
3. Environment
Sirloin and sausages
Marinduque and Marcopper
The International Cyanide Management Code
Climate, water and energy
Biodiversity and rehabilitation
Quicksilver and the Virgin Mary
Onto the agenda
4. Development
Sudbury to Sewell
An agent of social development?
Backward, forward
The Africa Mining Vision
The Social Way
The Sustainable Resource Communities Policy
The bird-poo war
La Tirana and The Esmeralda
Development-relevant
5. Conflict
The belligerent's best friend
Fatal Transactions
'Big Hole' and the de Beer brothers
The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme
The legacy of blood diamonds
The costs of company-community conflict
Getting to the table
Dirty deals, done dirt-cheap
A crude awakening
The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative
The Natural Resource Charter
A mandatory standard after all
Part 3: The Agents of Change
7. Mountain Movers
The bald mountain
A governance 'ecosystem'
Outside-in
The theatre of agency
Conclusion: The mines are they a-changin'?
Daniel M. Franks is Deputy Director at the Centre for Social Responsibility of Mining at the University of Queensland's Sustainable Minerals Institute, Australia, and serves as Co-Chair for Social Impact Assessment at the International Association for Impact Assessment.
"A sobering and powerful account... Mountain Movers beautifully and dispassionately takes us through the shades and colorations of mining, the paradoxes confronting the sector, the motivations for change, the unattended frustrations, the mountains still to climb, and the gains achieved so far." – Antonio Pedro, Spearhead of the Africa Mining Vision and Director, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Sub-Regional Office for Eastern Africa.
"Expansive and compelling, Franks delves into the heart of industry change – and finds that it is the people. A blueprint for the next necessary wave of extractive industry reform." – Dame Meg Taylor, Secretary General, Pacific Islands Forum and Former Vice-President & Compliance Advisor Ombudsman, World Bank Group.
"Mountain Movers documents the important progress made in recent years in the global mining industry and the urgent and continuing need for further reform." – Keith Slack, Global Program Manager, Extractive Industries, Oxfam America.
"The narrative is engrossing and enlivened by the author's first-hand accounts of visits to remote regions— some, but not all, in mountain areas—and his conversations with key actors and "movers" in the mining and petroleum industries. Although "many in the industry have been slow to recognize that the extraction of resources is as much a 'social project' as a technical one" (pp 103–104), remarkable progress has been accomplished since the Global Mining Initiative was formulated 20 years ago. In conclusion, Franks reflects positively on these achievements while urging that there is still much to do." - Norman R. Moles, School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton
Routledge Studies of the Extractive Industries and Sustainable Development
Mining Geology
Mineralogy & Petrology
Corporate Social Responsibility & Business Ethics
Coal & Solid Fuel Industries
Sustainable Mining
Environmental Change & Pollution

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The documentary tradition / selected arranged, and introduced by Lewis Jacobs
New York: W. W. Norton, c1979.
Call No: 761 JAC
Author: Jacobs, Lewis, comp
Edition: 2nd ed
Publisher: W. W. Norton
Subject: DOCUMENTARIES; DOCUMENTARY FILMS. USSR; HISTORY OF CINEMA; NEWSREELS; FLAHERTY, ROBERT; GRIERSON, JOHN; VERTOV, DZIGA; RIEFENSTAHL, LENI; LEACOCK, RICHARD; WISEMAN, FREDERICK; NANOOK OF THE NORTH (US, Robert Flaherty, 1922); GRASS (US, Ernest B. Schoedsack, 1926); CHANG (US, Ernest B. Schoedsack & Merian C. Cooper, 1927); MOANA (US, Robert Flaherty, 1926); RAIN (US, Louis Milestone, 1932); STARK LOVE (US, Karl Brown, 1927); TURKSIB (US, Victor A. Turin, 1929); DRIFTERS (SW, John Grierson, 1929); A PROPOS DE NICE (FR, Jean Vigo, 1930); QUE VIVA MEXICO! (UR, Sergei Eisenstein, [prod. 1932]); SONG OF CEYLON, THE (UK, Basil Wright, 1934); THREE SONGS ABOUT LENIN (UR, Dziga Vertov, 1934); TRI PESNI O LENINE (UR, Dziga Vertov, 1934); CITY, THE (US, Ralph Steiner, 1939); MAISONS DE LA MISERE, LES (BE, Henri Storck, 1937); OLYMPIA (G, Leni Riefenstahl, 1938); TRIUMPH OF THE WILL (G, Leni Riefenstahl, 1935); TRIUMPH DES WILLENS (G, Leni Riefenstahl, 1935); SPANISH EARTH, THE (US, Joris Ivens, 1937); FIGHT FOR LIFE, THE (US, Pare Lorentz, 1940); RIVER, THE (US, Pare Lorentz, 1938); CITY, THE (US, Ralph Steiner and Willard Van Dyke, 1939); LAND WITHOUT BREAD (SP, Luis Bunuel, 1933); LAND, THE (US, Robert Flaherty, 1942); NATIVE LAND (US, Leo Hurwitz & Paul Strand, 1942); NEGRO SOLDIER, THE (US, Frank Capra, 1944); DIARY FOR TIMOTHY, A (UK, Humphrey Jennings, 1946); FARREBIQUE (FR, Georges Rouquier, 1945); SAVAGE EYE, THE (US, Ben Maddow, Sidney Meyers, Joseph Strick, 1959); JOLI MAI, LE (FR, Chris Marker & Pierre Lhomme, 1963); CHRONIQUE D' UN ETE (FR, Jean Rouch/Edgar Morin, 1961); TITICUT FOLLIES (US, Frederick Wiseman, 1967); MARRIED COUPLE, A (CN, Allan King, 1969); WOODSTOCK (US, Michael Wadleigh, 1970); SORROW AND THE PITY, THE (SZ/GW, Marcel Ophuls, 1971); CHAGRIN ET LA PITIE, LE (SZ/GW, Marcel Ophuls, 1971); HEARTS AND MINDS (US, Peter Davis, 1974); HARLAN COUNTY, U.S.A. (US, Barbara Kopple, 1976)
Summary: "Originally published in 1971, The Documentary Tradition is the essential survey of development and achievements of one of the most distinctive and influential genres of film. Edited by the distinguished filmmaker and historian Lewis Jacobs, the book has become an indispensable reference for both students and practitioners of documentary. This new edition brings The Documentary Tradition up to date and includes the writings of almost 100 filmmakers and critics. To the five parts which trace the development of the genre from the 1920s Jacobs has added a new section of seven essays on the documentaries of the 1970s. The section is introduced by his own survey of the filmmaking of the period, "From Political Activism to Women's Consciousness," and accompanied by a selected list of documentaries of the 1970s together with photographs from a number of these films. The bibliography of works on documentary films and filmmakers has been expanded." -- BOOK BLURB
Notes: Includes index; Bibliography: p. 577-579
Film on the left : American documentary film from 1931 to 1942 / William Alexander
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, c1981.
Call No: 761(73) ALE
Author: Alexander, William, 1938
Place: Princeton, N.J.
PhysDes: xviii, 355 p., [6] leaves of plates : ill. ; 24 cm
Subject: DOCUMENTARY FILMS. USA; FASCISM AND THE CINEMA; WORKER'S FILM & PHOTO LEAGUE; WORLD WAR II AND THE CINEMA; VAN DYKE, WILLARD; IVENS, JORIS; LORENTZ, PARE; KLINE, HERBERT; NATIVE LAND (US, Leo Hurwitz & Paul Strand, 1942)
Notes: Includes index; Bibliography: p. [327]-340
ISBN: 0691046786 : $27.50; 0691101116 (lim. print. ed.) : $12.50
Old collection
Hollywood as historian : American film in a cultural context / edited by Peter C. Rollins
Lexington, Ky.: University Press of Kentucky, 1983.
Call No: 49:930.2 HOL
Author: Rollins, Peter C.
Place: Lexington, Ky.
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
PhysDes: x, 276 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
Subject: HOLLYWOOD; HISTORY AND THE CINEMA. USA; FOX STUDIOS; BIRTH OF A NATION, THE (US, David Wark Griffith, 1915); CITY LIGHTS (US, Charles Chaplin, 1931); MODERN TIMES (US, Charles Chaplin, 1936); GREAT DICTATOR, THE (US, Charles Chaplin, 1940); GRAPES OF WRATH, THE (US, John Ford, 1940); WILSON (US, Henry King, 1944); NEGRO SOLDIER, THE (US, Frank Capra, 1944); SNAKE PIT (US, Anatole Litvak, 1948); CULTURE AND THE CINEMA. USA; ON THE WATERFRONT (US, Elia Kazan, 1954); WHO'S AFRAID OF VIRGINIA WOOLF? (US, Mike Nichols, 1966); APOCALYPSE NOW (US, Francis Ford Coppola, 1979); ADAPTATiONS. CONRAD, JOSEPH; CHAPLIN, CHARLES; VIETNAM WAR IN FILMS; [DOCTOR] DR STRANGELOVE: OR, HOW I LEARNED TO STOP WORRYING AND LOVE THE BOMB (UK, Stanley Kubrick, 1964); NATIVE LAND (US, Leo Hurwitz & Paul Strand, 1942); CENSORSHIP. USA; RIVER, THE (US, Lorentz Pare, 1937)
Notes: Includes bibliographical references.
"Show us life" : toward a history and aesthetics of the committed documentary / edited by Thomas Waugh
Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1984.
Call No: 761 SHO
Author: Waugh, Thomas, 1948
Place: Metuchen, N.J.
Publisher: Scarecrow Press
PhysDes: xxvii, 508 p. : ill. ; 23 cm
Subject: NEWSREELS; FEMINISM AND THE CINEMA; DOCUMENTARY FILMS; DOCUMENTARY FILMS. THIRD WORLD; ALVAREZ, SANTIAGO; VERTOV, DZIGA; SHUB, ESTHER; BRECHT, BERTOLT; GODARD, JEAN-LUC; IVENS, JORIS; RENOIR, JEAN; SOLANAS, FERNANDO E.; VAN DONGEN, HELEN; STRAND, PAUL; SCHEUMANN, PETER; MIEVILLE, ANNE-MARIE; KOPPLE, BARBARA; GUZMAN, PATRICIO; GETINO, OCTAVIO; ELAM, JOANN; ALLENDE, SALVADOR; BIRRI, FERNANDO; HURWITZ, LEO; VIE EST A NOUS, LA (FR, Jean Renoir & others, 1936); FINALLY GOT THE NEWS (US, League of Revolutionary Black Workers, 1970); NIGHTCLEANERS (UK, Berwick Street Film Collective, 1975); HARLAN COUNTY, U.S.A. (US, Barbara Kopple, 1976); SANRIZUKA: DAINI TORIDE NO HITOBITO (JA, Shinsuke Ogawa, 1971); HORA DE LOS HORNOS, LA (AG, Fernado E. Solanos, 1969); ICI ET AILLEURS (FR, Jean-Luc Godard & Anne-Marie Mieville, 1976); WAVES OF REVOLUTION (II, Arnaud Patwardhan, 1975); HABLANDO DEL PUNTO CUBANO (CU, Octavio Cortazar, 1972); POR PRIMERA VEZ (CU, Octavio Cortazar, 1967); NOW (CU, Santiago Alvarez, 1965); NATIVE LAND (US, Leo Hurwitz & Paul Strand, 1942); RAPE (US, JoAnn Elam, 1975); KRIEG DER MUMIEN, DER (GE, Walter Heynowski & Gerhard Scheumann, 1974); SPANISH EARTH, THE (US, Joris Ivens, 1937)
Summary: "This anthology of 25 articles is both historical and cross- cultural, covering the pioneering period of the twenties and thirties and the dynamic growth of committed documentary since the sixties; recent feminist initiatives in North America and Britain; committed documentary in the Third World over the last 25 years; the use of film within the American 'New Left;' and the particular problematic of radical film distribution. Contributors include such well-known activists and scholars as Joan Braderman, Julianne Burton, Guy Hennebelle, John Hess, Claire Johnstone, E. Ann Kaplan, Chuck Kleinhans, Julia Lesage, Steve Neale, Bill Nichols, Anand Patwardhan, and Paul Willemen. Filmmakers and collectives discussed include Dziga Vertov, Joris Ivens, Jean Renoir, Frontier Films, Newsreel, Chris Marker, Barbara Kopple, JoAnn Elam, Michelle Citron, Shinsuke Ogawa, Fernando Birri, Patricio Guzman, Santiago Alvarez, Fernando Solanas, Jean-Luc Godard, Anand Patwardhan, and the Nicaraguan Studio 'Incine.'" -- AMAZON BOOKS
Notes: Includes bibliographies and indexes
Contents: Introduction: why documentary filmmakers keep trying to change the world, or why people changing the world keep making documentaries / Thomas Waugh; Part 1: Pioneers -- "Cinema Weekly" and "Cinema Truth": Dziga Vertov and the Leninist Proportion / Seth Feldman -- Esther Shub: Film as a historical discourse / Vlada Petric -- Workers' newsreels in Germany, the Netherlands, and Japan during the Twenties and Thirties / Bert Hogenkamp -- Radical documentary in the United States, 1930-1942 / Russell Campbell -- The Communist Party and La Vie est a nous: document and fiction, poetics and politics / Daniel Serceau -- Joris Iven's The Spanish Earth: committed documentary and the popular front / Thomas Waugh --; Part 2: Contemporaries: The West -- Newsreel, 1967-1972: film and revolution / Bill Nichols -- Finally Got the News: the making of a radical documentary / Dan Georgakas -- French radical documentary after May 1968 / Guy Hennebelle -- Brecht in Britain: The Nightcleaners and the independent political film / Claire Johnston and Paul Willemen -- Theory and practice of the realist documentary form in Harlan County, U.S.A. / E. Ann Kaplan -- Feminist documentary: aesthetics and politics / Julia Lesage -- Talking about our lives and experiences: some thoughts about feminism, documentary, and "talking heads" / Barbara Halpern Martineau -- Shinsuke Ogawa's Peasants of the Second Fortress: guerrilla documentary in Japan / Joan Braderman -- Committed documentary in Quebec: a still-birth? / Real La Rochelle -- The challenge of radical film distribution: Conversations with Toronto's DEC Films Collective / Margaret Cooper -- Forms, politics, makers and contexts: basic issues for a theory of radical political documentary / Chuck Kleinhans --; Part 3: Contemporaries: The Third World -- Democratizing documentary: modes of address in the Latin American cinema, 1958-72 / Julianne Burton -- Santiago Alvarez: Cine-agitator for the Cuban Revolution and the Third World / John Hess -- Democracy as participation: the Battle of Chile / Victor Wallis and John D. Barlow -- Children of Vertov in the land of Brecht / Pierre Veronneau -- Notes and questions on political cinema: from Hours of the Furnaces to Ici et ailleurs / Steve Neale -- The guerrilla film, underground and in exile: a critique and a case study of Waves of Revolution / Anand Patwardhan -- The Sandinista documentary: a historical contextualization / John Ramirez


text:
The Anglican Church
Revised COVID-19 restrictions (May 2021)
TO: Clergy, wardens, lay readers, and lay pastoral visitors
FROM: Bishop Bruce Myers
In the coming days, most regions of the province of Quebec will no longer be designated as COVID-19 red zones. This is a credit to the individual and collective efforts of many people—including the clergy and faithful of our diocese. Please accept my thanks for doing your part to get us to this point, difficult and challenging as it has been.
We also need to recognize that we have not fully emerged from this pandemic, neither in Quebec nor (especially) globally. Therefore we need to remain vigilant and continue to respect public health guidelines so that this positive trend might continue.
To that end, here is a reminder of the maximum number of people currently permitted to gather in church buildings in different zone colours, according to public health guidelines. Please note that for the moment there continue to be different limits on the number of people permitted for a regular Sunday service and for funerals and weddings:
ORANGE ZONE: Maximum 100 for Sundays, 25 for funerals or weddings
YELLOW ZONE: Maximum 250 for Sundays, 50 for funerals or weddings
GREEN ZONE: Maximum 250 for Sundays, 250 for funerals or weddings
It is important to remember that because of the relatively small size of many of our church buildings, the true maximum number of people permitted for any service will be 50% of the usual capacity of the worship space, always allowing two metres between individuals from different households.
Other sanitary measures—such as hand sanitizing, no congregational or choir singing, and communion with bread only—remain in effect until further notice.
In-person pastoral visiting may take place, also subject to public health guidelines in each region. The best way to stay current with these regulations is to visit quebec.ca/coronavirus.
As always, if you have any questions, don't hesitate to be in touch with me or Archdeacon Edward Simonton.
Vicki LePage Jun 11, 2021
Hello Bishop Myers,
I was wondering why there is no singing in the churches. It is possible to sing with masks on. I recently saw 2500 people singing O Canada with masks on at a Montreal Canadiens hockey game. It was wonderful.
Vicki LePage
Spring 2021 Gazette now online
Revised COVID-19 restrictions (June 2021)
Anglican Diocese of Quebec
31 rue des Jardins
Québec, QC G1R 4L6
info@quebec.anglican.ca


I like the sentiment 'Joy' for Christmas cards. For me, Christmas has always been a time of joy. So today I have three cards to share, all created with the Studio Calico November Cuppa kits, that feature the word 'Joy'.
Lots of sparkle and shine here added with Mister Huey's Calico Shine.
And finally, a super simple card created with a cut file from THIS digital set.
I added a glittery Simon Says Stamp Maryanne snowflake to this one.
That's it for today, but I actually have MORE cards to share!!!
So I'll be back soon.
All simply stunning - can't pick a favourite - love them all.
All these cards are gorgeous, Lucy! Fabulous work, as always!
Gorgeous cards Lucy. I'm unable to pick a favourite.
Wonderful trio of cards, Lucy!
All three cards are fantastic! I love the bright color in the first card. I can't resist sparklies....love the snowflake in card #3.
Gorgeous designs, love your fabulous cards!!


Being happy isn't some fleeting thing and it isn't something you can find. Someone else can't make you happy. Only you can make you happy! But, you can learn how to be happier. Use the ideas and concept in this short book to help you achieve a happier mindset.


text:
Q: R Levels wrong on larger dataset I have the following snippet that reads in set of data with roughly 900,000 rows. The Dates column comes in as a factor and I want to extract the hour so I can aggregate on it and do a barplot of the count of rows per hour.
I'm confused right now because when I inspect the 'd' dataframe which is a small subset, it has the correct levels for 'Hour' (i.e. 0,1,2,3,4,etc) but the 'df' dataframe reads "Factor w/ 1 level '0'". Since this is the same exact code, can someone explain to me what's wrong here?
The bar graph shows up perfectly fine for the 'd' dataframe but the 'df' dataframe just returns one bar (as expect based on the issue above).
Thank you!
df <- read.csv('train.csv')
d <- df[1:1000,]
d <- droplevels(d)
df <- droplevels(df)
d$Hour <- as.factor(hour(as.POSIXct(as.character(d$Dates))))
df$Hour <- as.factor(hour(as.POSIXct(as.character(df$Dates))))

A: Not sure why this was downvoted but after digging around quite a bit, there was one specific row that contained an issue with the Date coming in. While the format looked exactly the same, running as.POSIXlt/as.POSIXct on it always returned a datetime with the time dropped which resulted in the levels being thrown off. I had to specifically defined a timezone argument which ended up fixing the issue.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
On Architecture | Gerard Reinmuth & Anthony Burke
Gerard Reinmuth
TEDxSydney 2012 · 26 May 2012
Gerard Reinmuth is a director of architectural practice TERROIR, which has been featured in a number of international exhibitions and publications including AV Monographs' 20 International Emerging Architects, Phaidon's 10×10/3 and Atlas of 21st Century Architecture, the Venice Biennale 2008, 2010 and 2012. The practice held the creative directorship of the 2009 National Architecture Conference and Gerard was juror for the 2007 National Architecture Awards.
Anthony Burke specialises in contemporary design and theory in relation to technology and its implications for architecture in the built environment. He is an associate professor and head of the School of Architecture at UTS, an international curator, writer, architectural designer, and a director of the architectural practice Offshore Studio.
Architect & Educator
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text:
AGED 40 - ROYAL AIR FORCE
Carl Harvey
Carl Harvey joined the Royal Air Force in 1998, aged just 17. Over the next eighteen years, Carl deployed to Kosovo, the Mediterranean, Sierra Leone, the Middle East and the Falklands, working with helicopters, fighter jets and, finally, reconnaissance and bomber aircraft.
In 2010, whilst on a team building exercise, Carl suffered what he thought a small injury to his knee but it later transpired that he had in fact fractured his femur and damaged the surrounding nerves. The true condition of his injury went undetected for almost a year and by the time it was discovered, Carl's nerves had been irreversibly damaged resulting in a serious nerve-condition.
Over a four-year period, doctors tried several different treatments and operations to restore the function of Carl's leg, but his level of movement continued to deteriorate and Carl eventually lost use of the leg entirely, which was both physically and mentally debilitating.
'I was in bad place as I hadn't been at work in some time and they had signed me off long-term. I was isolated, feeling very low and forgotten about.'
In 2014, the decision was made to amputate Carl's leg above the knee to try and reduce the symptoms and to give him a small chance of walking again.
'Amputation is not an easy process. It takes its toll on both you and your family as they have to see you go through the struggle and often there is very little they can do to help.'
'After just over a year of rehabilitation at Headley Court, I was deemed ready to be independent and was medically discharged from the RAF after eighteen and half years' service.'
Carl first came across The Not Forgotten when he still had his leg, but it wasn't functioning. We invited him white-water canoeing in the French Alps, where he met other veterans with similar injuries,
'I had let myself get into a deep depression and become isolated, I was at the point where I felt incapable of being able to live a normal and active life, but that first trip with The Not Forgotten was the start of things changing. It was the first time that I had actually spent time with other disabled or seriously injured people in both a similar mindset to me and those that had been through it and come out the other side, it was a revelation. I realised that I may have to do things differently and they may take more time, but I could still do things that I never thought possible.'
Carl remained in touch with The Not Forgotten following that first trip and went on to attend more as his confidence grew,
'For the majority of veterans the thing they miss the most is being around their comrades, the humour, the adventure and a sense of achievement. The Not Forgotten provides all of these and through them I have experienced many new things, including some once in a lifetime trips, but most importantly The Not Forgotten makes you feel like a friend and a part of their family. I have had involvement with several military charities but the way in which The Not Forgotten runs their events and makes their guys feel makes them stand out amongst the rest.
I know that my life could have taken a very different turn had The Not Forgotten not come along when they did.'
PROUDLY NOT FORGOTTEN
AGED 95 - SECOND WORLD WAR
Cyril Banks
THE ROYAL MARINES
John Liddie
AGED 48 - NORTHERN IRELAND
Caroline Beazley


Bitdepositary current market price is $0.00560739 with a marketcap of $295.66K. The total available supply of Bitdepositary is $52.73M BDT and secured Rank 548 in the cryptocurrency market. BDT price is 0% down in last 24 hours.


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As Baby Boomers Retire, Power Companies Look to Build the Next Generation of Workers
By Amy Sisk • Apr 18, 2019
Amy Sisk
Editor's Note: The issues at Duquesne Light are not unique to Pittsburgh. Regions and industries across the country are facing the challenges of an aging workforce. As a part of a larger project West Virginia Public Broadcasting is looking at the issue in its American Graduate/Getting to Work project.
At a Duquesne Light facility in Pittsburgh, 10 high school students hunched over sheets of paper, pens in hand, as they sketched their dream homes.
"I'm just drawing an A-frame house with a garage on the side, a nice front porch," said Louis Charlier of Beaver Area High School on a recent Thursday.
The students had to draw their homes from three separate angles: straight on, from the side and a bird's-eye view. This was a lesson on blueprints, something they will become familiar with if they pursue careers with the electric power company.
The teens arranged their schedules to take this class for a few hours each afternoon for several weeks as part of Duquesne Light's new student bootcamp.
"They take classes around mathematics, reading comprehension, and we're also doing soft-skill classes on interview skills, resume-writing, as well as an OSHA 10 class and a CPR class," said Selenna Gregg, manager of talent acquisition for Duquesne Light.
The bootcamp is a new effort by Duquesne Light, which serves Allegheny and Beaver counties in Pennsylvania, and the Community College of Allegheny County to prepare students for the Construction and Skilled Trade Selection System exam. Passing the test is the first step in applying for a skilled trade job at the company.
The camp could help shape the next generation of workers tasked with keeping the lights on. New workers for electric power companies and other utilities like natural gas and water are in demand across Pennsylvania and the rest of the country.
"The baby boomers are starting to retire," said Gladys Brown, chairman of Pennsylvania's Public Utility Commission.
The PUC estimates 28 percent of the state's utility workforce will retire in the next five years.
With them goes institutional knowledge that needs to be passed along to new workers, Brown said.
"You need those people to provide for that bridge, that transition to train them," she said.
While the situation is a challenge for utilities, she said it's not dire. The PUC keeps close tabs on utilities' performance to ensure that outages don't become too frequent and that response times are reasonable.
"We want to make sure you have the appropriate skilled, trained personnel on-hand to deal with providing that reliable service," Brown said.
Gregg said Duquesne Light has experienced the same retirement trend as the rest of the industry. Its training programs have helped to replace those workers.
Each year, as many as 24 people go through the 10-month electrical distribution technology program at CCAC, which prepares them for careers at Duquesne Light. They could work in the power supplier's operation center or have a job that takes them into the field installing and repairing lines and other equipment associated with the company's electricity systems.
Duquesne Light plans to host another bootcamp this summer for high school students, who could go on to the CCAC program when they graduate. The power company is also holding a similar bootcamp for high school teachers.
"If teachers don't know about the positions or some of the technical things that are out there for their students, they're not able to talk to their students and share those experiences," said Debbie Killmeyer, dean of workforce at CCAC.
It was a teacher at Charlier's school who heard about the bootcamp from a Duquesne Light employee, and suggested he apply.
Charlier said he does not want to go to a traditional college.
"I'd rather just go straight into the workforce, do a trade or something along those lines," he said.
On Day 2 of the camp, something Charlier heard from one of the company's executives caught his attention.
"He told us that this job opportunity would be like having a $3-million lottery ticket," he said.
That's how much the students could make over the course of their careers if they work for Duquesne Light. Gregg said the starting salary for crafts-related jobs at the company is $65-$85,000, plus overtime.
"There's plenty of jobs out there that pay really well and you don't need a 4-year-degree for, and these jobs are needed," Charlier said.
Power companies from Duquesne Light to First Energy to PECO are active in recruiting new workers, running programs and internships to give prospective employees hands-on experience.
The PUC is working on this issue too, having launched a utility careers campaign to promote the industry to young people, military veterans and others by talking up the positions at job fairs and other events. Brown said the PUC has involved a number of state agencies, schools and utility companies in the effort.
"I was realizing the magnitude of the retirement of our workers in-house, and I said let's reach out to our utilities because I'm assuming they're dealing with some of the same things," she said.
For people considering utility careers, the next step after the Construction and Skilled Trade exam could make it or break it: pole school.
"A lot of people come in and they don't realize if they're scared of heights or if they're able to climb to the top of a pole and then be able to work with their hands," Gregg said.
Charlier's not too worried. He's looking forward to the challenge.
"I did well on all the practice exams, so I feel like I'm going to pass that test," he said. "I feel like I can climb a pole."
State Impact Pennsylvania
American Graduate: Getting to Work in West Virginia
By Kate FitzGerald • Oct 25, 2018
Looking for a career pathway that doesn't involve a four year degree? There's been a major transformation in the job market in recent years, and as a result there are alot of good jobs out there that don't require a bachelor's degree.
wvpublic.org/jobs is a new website that profiles these middle skill career pathways. West Virginia Public Broadcasting has partnered with educational & governmental non-profits, as well as industry and labor leaders, to develop the site and social media campaign.
Hundreds of New Jobs Expected at Defense Contractor Northrop Grumman's W.Va. Plant
By Liz McCormick • Apr 3, 2019
David Benbennick / Wikimedia Commons
The global security company Northrop Grumman is expanding its West Virginia plant located in Mineral County. The move is expected to create hundreds of new jobs at the site.
Meet your (Meat) Maker at Ham, Bacon, and Eggs Auction
By Corey Knollinger • Mar 11, 2019
Corey Knollinger / West Virginia Public Broadcasting
Across the state, high schools offer career and technical education to give students a leg up in their fields before graduating. These programs can include skilled trades like welding, shop classes, or even meat processing.


This is a fabulous recipe for left-over roast chicken and it's even worth roasting a bird especially (though we cheated with a shop-bought rotisserie one). You can make a decent chicken stock by pouring water over the carcass and simmering it with a carrot, bay leaf and onion for half an hour.
Melt the butter in a heavy, shallow pan and cook the onion gently until soft but not coloured. Stir in the thyme leaves and the rice and stir until the rice is glistening. Add a little of the hot stock and bring slowly to the boil. Turn the heat down and gradually add the stock, a ladleful at a time, stirring. Stir in the roast chicken as you add the last ladleful of stock.
After about 20 minutes the rice should be tender but with a little bite to it. Stir in the crème fraîche and parsley, then some seasoning. Leave to rest for 5 minutes before serving with a little Parmesan grated over.
Wine Suggestion: A glass of Vintage Champagne if you're feeling extravagant or a good Maconnais white, like Pouilly-Fuisse or possibly even something from Roussillon like a Limoux… the choices are endless but don't go too dry you need a bit of fruitiness here to help with the richness of the dish and a bit of body too otherwise the wine will be overwhelmed.
Loved this. Tastes great but the portion sizes were very big!


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Tag: steven spielberg
FilmLeave a comment
Now Playing — West Side Story
December 21, 2021 Dan Seeger
I was skeptical about Steven Spielberg's West Side Story. That was probably unwise. Although he has his fair share of missteps in his filmography, Spielberg has an almost unparalleled mastery of the traditional film narrative structure, and the famed musical … Continue reading Now Playing — West Side Story
Now Playing — Ready Player One
April 3, 2018 Dan Seeger
Steven Spielberg is the dream director for the film adaptation of Ernest Cline's novel Ready Player One. He's also arguably a terrible choice for the near-future cotton candy dystopia of a puzzle quest across a virtual landscape of pop culture … Continue reading Now Playing — Ready Player One
Top Ten Movies of 2017 — Number Eight
February 6, 2018 Dan Seeger
These days, The Washington Post is demonstrating no reluctance in their insistence on the primacy of a free and robust press in a healthy republic. "Democracy Dies in Darkness" is the motto emblazoned on their masthead in a direct rebuke … Continue reading Top Ten Movies of 2017 — Number Eight
Now Playing — The Post
January 15, 2018 Dan Seeger
Even without director Steven Spielberg offering fairly unequivocal explanations of his motivation behind signing on for The Post — and working overtime to deliver a finished product as quickly as possible — it's not difficult to ascertain the film's sharp … Continue reading Now Playing — The Post
From the Archive: Munich
July 2, 2016 June 30, 2016 Dan Seeger
I find it a little remarkable that I have no reviews of Steven Spielberg films from the time I cohosted the movie review show on college radio station WWSP-90FM. During the time our program was airing weekly, the prolific filmmaker signed his name to exactly one directorial effort: Hook, released in 1991. Given when it landed on the release calendar, it's possible we didn't even cover it on the show. (A December 11th release date means we could have already been off in correlation to the school's winter break). Instead, in order to populate the "From the Archive" feature with … Continue reading From the Archive: Munich
Film1 Comment
We don't know the meaning of fear, we play every minute by ear
October 21, 2015 Dan Seeger
Amazingly for a director who used to routinely face a barrage of critical darts for a supposed inability to progress past the childish stuff of frothy fantasy, Steven Spielberg has become one of the most dependable cinematic chroniclers of the planet's tumultuous history. Across the last decade, with the odd exceptions of a misguided Indiana Jones sequel and a diversion into computer animation, Spielberg has been filming in the past. That's not an entirely newfound preoccupation, of course. Even before Munich, which I'm using as the dividing line ahead of this era of Spileberg's filmmaking, Spielberg kept cycling back to historical … Continue reading We don't know the meaning of fear, we play every minute by ear
From the Archive: Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
October 17, 2015 November 7, 2017 Dan Seeger
With all my papers still packed up for transit, I'm still relying on my former online home for this weekly dive into the archive. And we'll use this week's release schedule to help narrow down what's selected. The first portion … Continue reading From the Archive: Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
Top Ten Movies of 2012 — Number Ten
January 17, 2013 April 30, 2019 Dan Seeger
As if Daniel Day-Lewis didn't already deserve countless plaudits for his transformative performance as the sixteenth President of the United States in Steven Spielberg's Lincoln, it seems his reluctance to take on the role–noting that reluctance to take on a … Continue reading Top Ten Movies of 2012 — Number Ten
Film4 Comments
Everything sticks until it goes away
November 20, 2012 February 18, 2019 Dan Seeger
In Steven Spielberg's Lincoln, Daniel Day-Lewis moves on from acting to alchemy. The two-time Oscar-winner is hardly prolific (he's made only ten films since collecting that first Academy Award, for My Left Foot, a film now twenty-three years old), but … Continue reading Everything sticks until it goes away
Top Fifty Films of the 70s — Number Eighteen
September 3, 2012 July 11, 2020 Dan Seeger
#18 — Jaws (Steven Spielberg, 1975) First, a consideration of the pleasure and reward of a perfectly chosen line of dialogue. One of the most famed elements of Steven Spielberg's sophomore feature film, Jaws, is the way that the technical … Continue reading Top Fifty Films of the 70s — Number Eighteen


Kirksville beat Chillicothe for the second time this season in a 7-5 victory at Kirksville. The Lady Tigers jumped out to a 3-1 lead. The Lady Hornets battles back to lead 4-3 at intermission but couldn't hold the lead in the second half.
The Lady Hornets had problems slowing down Kallia Holte who had five goals in the game.


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Рисовий віск — рослинний віск, отриманий з рисової олії.

Хімічний склад
Головні компоненти рисового воску — аліфатичні кислоти і ефіри жирних спиртів. До складу аліфатичних кислот входять пальмітинова кислота (C16), бегенова кислота (C22), лігносеринова кислота (C24) та інші жирні кислоти. Ефіри жирних включають цериловий спирт (C26), мірициловий спирт (C30) тощо. Рисовий віск також містить вільні жирні кислоти (наприклад, пальмітинова кислота), сквален і фосфоліпіди.

Фізичні властивості
 Температура плавлення = 77 — 86 ºC
 Число омилення = 75 −120
 Йодне число = 10
 Колір: Від білуватого до оранжево-коричневого
 Запах: Типовий жирно-крейдяний
 Назва INCI: Oryza Sativa (Rice) Bran Wax

Використання
Віск рисових висівок використовується для покриття папіру, тканин, шкіри, фруктів і овочів (для придання водонепроникності), у виробництві вибухових речовин, фармацевтичної продукції, свічок, паяних виробів, електричної ізоляції, чорнил, копірувальних стрічок, мастил і косметики. У косметиці рисовий віск використовується як пом'якшувальний засіб і для виготовлення засобів для відшаровування шкіри. Для цих цілей він може заміняти карнаубовий віск.

Воски
Рис
Косметичні речовини

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Another view of the Cuyahoga River from last week.
about track starting this spring and how much busier I will be when that starts.
I'm also thinking about curriculum for next year and the things I want to cover with Izzy and Rosie - it will be strange to only have the two girls next year.
that this winter has been so mild. After two brutal winters in a row, this one has been a true blessing.
Mr. Pete adapted this recipe for me yesterday - he used coconut flour. It was a little dryer, but still tasty!
Black yoga pants, black sweater and purple zippered sweat shirt.
Wore this yesterday. The purple dress I wore for Sam's Graduation a few years ago, and the black cover is from J.C. Penney.
my progress with Lent so far. I did not give up Diet Coke cold turkey because when I tried that a few years ago, I broke out with a rash all over my chest. This year, I am limiting it to mornings only and hoping to cut back from there. I'm drinking a lot of mint tea in the afternoon and it is very soothing.
Beware of greed and remain pure and just. Restrain yourself from every vice. He who cannot restrain himself, how will he be able to teach others restraint?
I rarely use my mother's china, but this gravy boat seemed perfect for holding the Valentine's Day candy.


Supermarkets in Gran Canaria: Which one is the best ?
There are plenty of supermarkets in Gran Canaria, almost in every corner or within walking distance. Bare in mind that the price difference between one or the other can be up to 30%. Unless you have a car, we recommend you to buy all the lighter items in the cheaper supermarkets, and the water and other heavy items from the supermarket next to your hotel or apartment.
Mercadona: Spanish supermarkets. Their motto is "Precios siempre bajos," or "Low prices always" – They are medium or big in size and are quite crowded, although the staff is efficient and lines move quite fast. It is rare that you don't have to wait in line. Best deals are on their own brands, like "Bosque Verde" or "Hacendado". The quality of their own brands is quite good. Plenty of shops throughout Gran Canaria. They sell food, cosmetics, and cleaning stuff.
If you're allergic, or on a gluten-free diet, then this supermarket is the best choice. Unlike other supermarkets, Mercadona doesn't have a special over-priced gluten-free products section. Instead, they have decided to put a "gluten-free" logo on all products of the supermarket, that don't have this ingredient. There are over 900 products, including ice-creams of different flavors. For those of us with allergies, the new European law requires the names of the ingredients that can cause allergic reactions to be written in bold, and this supermarket follows this thoroughly.
Mercadona of San Fernando de Maspalomas, located in Avenida de Galdar, very convenient if you're living in Playa del Ingles.
Mercadona of El Tablero in Maspalomas, located in Avenida de las Americas street. Convenient for those living in Maspalomas.
Alcampo: This is a French hypermarket, with only one facility on the island. It is located in Telde, between the capital Las Palmas, and the airport, in La Estrella shopping area. Big premises, very busy on weekends, because locals feel that it is one of the best supermarkets in Gran Canaria. They sell almost everything: clothes, electronics, computers, furniture kits, toys, as well as food.
Carrefour: Another French hypermarket with four shops on the island. They are located in Vecindario in C.C. Atlantico, in Las Palmas inside C.C. Las Arenas, C.C. La Ballena, and Hoya de la Plata. They sell all kinds of food items, electronics, computers, furniture, hardware, toys, clothing for all ages. Best deals on their own brands, such as "Carrefour Discount" brand.
Hiperdino or Superdino. This belongs to a Canarian group of companies, and they have over 60 shops distributed around the whole island. Supermarkets can be small, medium, or large.Generally they are medium. They used to be considered expensive, but the new Canarian owners are trying really hard to make prices competitive. The bread sold in these supermarkets is frozen bread that has been heated a few hours ago. The quality of their own branded products "Supersol" or "Hiperdino" brands is below average. Free delivery for orders over 60 euros. Click here to check out their latest offers. (Opens in a new window).
Spar: Plenty of these all around the island. Prices not too competitive. Small or medium in size. Some of them have a take-away section of cooked food, which is quite reasonably priced.
Lidl: German discount supermarkets. Lots of cheap food items of their own brands, and some offers of other items, but quite limited. Has six stores, located in San Fernando de Maspalomas (Bellavista area), Galdar, Ingenio, Arinaga, Vecindario, and Telde.
Hipercor: Big Spanish supermarket located in C.C. Siete Palmas, in the capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. If you are looking for high quality items, this is the supermarket for you.
Opencor and Supercor: These are Spanish supermarkets belonging to the Corte Ingles group. Unfortunately, their prices are too high and the Gran Canarian locals have said "no!," and hardly visit them. The difference between Opencor and Supercor is that the first one opens almost 24 hours a day. Update July 2014: All Opencor supermarkets are now becoming "Supercor", and will be open only during normal daytime hours.
Eroski: A Spanish hypermarket, located inside C.C. El Mirador. Prices are not too competitive and location is out of the way for most locals, so few people go there.
There is a clever trick we recommend some of our friends to do, who want to take it easy and relax on the beach. If you're here for two weeks, it might be worthwhile doing your food and drink shopping online, the day before you leave your country (or better still, the morning you leave), and have it delivered to your apartment or hotel.


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WhistleBlast return to the National Concert Hall after selling out their previous 2 Family Concert Series for Dazzling Dances!
There's a concert at 12pm and one at 1.30pm!
Swing along to dances and music from all over the world and learn about the Quartet's instruments! Featuring…the Tango, the Can Can, and Tchaikovsky's Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy from The Nutcracker!
Lots of help from the audience will be needed to sing along and twirl to The Sleeping Beauty Waltz.
A lovely introduction to Classical Music for all.
Recommended for all, especially 4-12 year olds!


I am entrepreneur, photoartist, photodiarist and educator from Finland.
I love dark, weird photos and abstract items. The world is is complicated place so i would like to keep it simple on my photos. After 1000 blips i am still looking for awareness of nature. Sometimes it succeeds, sometimes not.


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The Most Dangerous Beauty Trends In History
We've all heard the phrase "pain is beauty, beauty is pain." It's an homage to the hard work that women have put into maintaining their looks for centuries. Today, celebrities like Kim Kardashian spend over $1,700 a day just on their makeup routine, and that's not including the cost of surgeries, personal trainers, and hiring a glam squad!
It may seem like Kim K's routine is insane but history is littered with crazy beauty trends and techniques. Not only were they expensive but a lot of them were downright dangerous. Check out these crazy (and dangerous) beauty trends throughout history. After reading these, winged eyeliner and lip injections don't seem so bad.
Lead Makeup Basically Made Your Face Fall Off
PolyGram Films/MovieStillsDB
A sun-kissed tan might be all the rage now but for much of history, being pale was the ultimate trend. It showed that you were rich enough to stay indoors rather than work outside in the fields. To achieve that look, many women and men pressed lead-based white makeup on their skin.
The problem was, lead is poisonous and over time would eat away at the person's face. Queen Elizabeth I was a notable wearer of white lead makeup and she had skin problems all her life.
That High Up-Do Could Catch On Fire
Sony Pictures/MovieStillsDB
In the 17th century, the higher the hairstyle the more respected you were. This was especially true for women, who would gather their hair up to extremely high heights when attending galas and parties. The problem was, in the 1600s, parties were lit with chandeliers that used open flame candles.
The tall coiffures that women wore were therefore apt to catching fire in the middle of the party. This beauty trend definitely puts a dark new spin on the phrase "the higher the hair, the closer to Jesus."
Chinese Foot Binding
Bettmann/Contributor/Getty Images
The ancient Chinese custom of applying tight wrapping to women's feet to reshape them has a long and troubled history. Toes were purposely broken and the foot was constantly rebound to become smaller and smaller. The average size of a bound foot was four inches long.
Foot binding practiced for more than 1,000 years until 1912, when the new Republic of China saw the practice as backward since it prevented women from working.
Crinolines Were Uncomfortable And Hazardous
Daily Mirror/Mirrorpix/Getty Images
While we still use crinoline in fashion today, using hundreds of layers for a massive ballgown was common just a few hundred years ago. Not only were the crinolines heavy and uncomfortable for the wearer, but they were also likely to get caught in carriage wheels. Even worse, they were incredibly flammable.
In the 18th and 19th century, there were numerous crinoline-related deaths due to women's crinolines getting caught in carriage wheels or catching fire without the woman being able to escape.
Green Dyes Could Kill You
Roberto Machado Noa/LightRocket/Getty Images
In 1814, a company in Germany created a new, vibrant color of green dye that immediately became popular. Victorian Britain became obsessed with the color but they didn't realize the arsenic in the dye could actually kill them.
The women who wore the green arsenic dresses often developed scabs. The dye could make your hair fall out and prolonged exposure could lead to vomiting blood or liver and kidney failure.
Tortoiseshell Combs Would Explode
Dea/A. Dagli Orti/Getty Images
The hair trends in the 1800s included beautiful hair accessories called tortoiseshell combs. The combs weren't actually made of tortoiseshell but instead of a celluloid compound. Even though celluloid is beautiful it is highly unstable and easily combustible.
Anything from excessive moisture to leaving the comb at room temperature could result in the particles breaking down and the combs combusting. After many years and many lawsuits, celluloid combs went out of fashion.
1920s Shoe Polish Definitely Wasn't FDA Approved
Daily Herald Archive/SSPL/Getty Images
In the early 20th century, the top of the line shoe polish was made primarily with an ingredient called nitrobenzene. It made shoes super shiny but unfortunately, it also could make you faint thanks to the toxins.
If fainting wasn't bad enough, inhaling the nitrobenzene while drinking alcohol was basically like consuming poison. Maybe prohibition in the early 20th century wasn't such a bad idea if they were using this shoe polish.
High Collars Could Cut Off Your Circulation
Foc Kan/WireImage/Getty Images
Men's fashion trends usually aren't that dangerous but the high collars of the 19th century were a silent killer. In the late 1800s, a very high and extremely stiff shirt collar was all the rage. Unfortunately, if worn too tight the collar could cut off blood circulation and cause you to faint.
In 1912, there was even a case of one man whose neck swelled up so much that he was technically choked to death by his collar.
Corsets Squish Your Organs
Corsets are one historical beauty trend that has become notorious for its dangerous history. They were worn for many centuries but reached their extreme in the 1890s. Many women had their ribs end up cracked or broken to get the proper shape.
Corsets could also cause shortness of breath and were shown to mash a woman's internal organs together. Thankfully, they went out of style but ultra-slimming corsets have made a comeback in recent years.
Eating Chalk Wasn't The Healthiest Way To Be Pale
Focus Features/MovieStillsDB
When people finally started to realize covering your face with lead to look pale wasn't a good idea, they switched to chalk. For a while, women would simply cover their faces in chalk but by the 19th centur, some women were actually eating it!
Chalk can be toxic when ingested so when women ate the chalk, it would make them feel ill and in turn, they would appear pale (and sickly).
Eyelash Extensions Were Stitched Right On The Eyelid
Jens Kalaene/Getty Images
Lush, full eyelashes are still a popular trend today. You can get stick-on extensions or full stick-on lashes. Those in the 19th century were much more dangerous and were actually stitched right onto your eyelid.
The eyelash stitcher would run a needle through "the extreme edges of the eyelid" and leave thread at graduating lengths to look like eyelashes. Oh, and since it was the 19th century, there was no anesthesia.
X-Rays Were Originally Used For Hair Removal
SSLP/Getty Images
When X-ray technology was discovered in 1895, its hazardous side effects were quickly understood. The scientists who did the initial experiments suffered burns and hair loss almost immediately. Rather than shy away from the technology, women in the 20th century began using x-rays as a way to purposely get rid of unwanted hair.
Now we know that using X-rays without any protection can cause an increased risk of cancer, increased radiation levels, vomiting, bleeding, and fainting.
Teeth Lacquering Purposely Turned Teeth Black
@ComedyCake/Twitter
Today we're obsessed with getting pearly white teeth but Japanese and Vietnamese people underwent teeth blackening for centuries. The practice involved using a variety of chemicals to give teeth a glossy black finish while effectively being a sealant.
The belief was that the black teeth symbolized maturity and civilization. The chemicals may have kept the teeth from decaying but it caused serious damage to gums and was irreversible once it was done.
Neck Rings Can Be Deadly When They're Removed
Tessa Bunney/Contributor/Getty Images
The cultural practice of neck rings is done by the women of the Kayan people, who are an ethnic minority in Myanmar. They stack metal rings around their neck from the time they are young women to physically elongate the necks.
The stacked rings can be hazardous though as the deform the woman's clavicles and can make it impossible for her to support her own head. Despite the health concerns, the practice is still done today in part to attract tourists.
Muslin Dresses Led To An Outbreak Of Pneumonia
Half Entertainment/MovieStillsDB
For average women in the 18th and early 19th centuries, muslin dresses were all the rage. They were lightweight gowns that showed off women's curves while still appearing modest. The only problem was they were extremely lightweight and did little to protect from the elements.
The muslin dresses left women susceptible to infections and one outbreak of pneumonia in 1803 was even nicknamed "the muslin disease" across most of Europe.
Eyelashes Were Plucked In The Middle Ages
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Long before eyelashes were being extended, they were being forcefully plucked out. In the middle ages, the forehead was considered the sexiest part of a woman's face. In order to accentuate that, many women in the middle ages removed all or most of their eyelashes.
The wild look could cause serious pain and if done improperly, could lead to excessive bleeding. That's definitely a bold look but we're not sure it was worth it.
Fashion Braces Aren't Safe Or Stylish
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This dangerous style trend is from very, very recent history. The trend of wearing fake braces picked up speed in 2009 in Thailand, Indonesia, and China. Fashion braces were worn as a status symbol because it showed you could afford dental procedures.
Unfortunately, the fashion braces backfired and there were at least two known cases of girls dying because the cheap braces gave them deadly mouth infections. Due to the deaths, the Thai government actually banned the practice.
The Tapeworm Diet Wasn't Appetizing
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Women have always seemed to go through insane phases to slim down and at one point, they even opted to ingest tapeworms. The belief was that the parasitic worms would make themselves at home in your intestines. Once they got comfy, the tapeworms would eat your food before the body can absorb any nutrients from it.
Of course, that can get out of hand and cause death. The only way to get the tapeworms out was through surgery or when they crawl out of your corpse.
Hobble Skirts Resulted In Death
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In the early 1910s, hobble skirts hobbled their way into the fashion scene. They're the type of skirt that balloons out at the thighs an knees but gets very narrow at the ankles. Not only did they make walking anywhere a difficult task for women, but it could also be deadly.
One deadly example came from a racetrack in Paris in 1910. A horse got loose and ran suddenly through a crowd. Everyone dispersed, but one woman wearing a hobble skirt couldn't run away and was trampled to death.
Bloodletting To Look Pale Was The Most Extreme
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We know women have tried using lead-based makeup and eating chalk to look paler, but the women of the Middle Ages took it a step further by undergoing bloodletting. Women would actually make themselves bleed so that their skin looked paler.
Mind you, bloodletting was an extremely common practice at the time and was believed to cure many other ailments, but self-bloodletting for fashion seems like it's a step too far.
Powdered Wigs Could Become Infested
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Tall, pale, puffy wigs were popularized when King Louis XIV of France began losing his hair. He hired 48 wigmakers to save his image which led to the massive powdered wigs. The wigs required a lot of upkeep though including sleeping upright so the style wouldn't be pressed out.
The wigs were also so big that moths, lice, and even small rodents would bury themselves deep inside without the wearer knowing. Basically, the powdered wigs were so big because they were full of secrets.
You Had To Poison Yourself To Get Dilated Pupils
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One strange beauty trend from the 16th and 17th centuries were dilated pupils. In the 16th and 17th centuries, upper-class women in Italy purposely dilated their pupils because it was seen to be attractive and seductive. To do so, they used the poisonous plant belladonna.
When you ingest the belladonna, it could block muscle receptors to the eye to dilate the pupil, but prolonged use can cause temporary and permanent blindness.
Mercury Turned Everyone Into Mad Hatters
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The character of the Mad Hatter from the Alice in Wonderland series wasn't entirely made up. In the 18th and 19th centuries, many hats made in England were lined with mercury because it was used in the production of felt. Wearing the hat continuously could result in long-term mercury poisoning.
Mercury poisoning led to symptoms similar to madness and even death. The phrase "mad as a hatter" originated because those who made the fashion accessories usually became sick the quickest.
Lead Makeup Led To Mouse-Pelt Eyebrows
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Lead-based white makeup could leave scabs on the wearer's but it could also cause their hair to fall out…including their eyebrows. Women were forced to either draw on their eyebrows (that sounds familiar) or find an alternative. Many middle-class women resorted to catching and skinning mice.
The woman would then glue a tiny mouse pelt on as fake eyebrows and call it a day. Maybe microblading eyebrows on doesn't seem so bad anymore.
Floating Ribs Are For Modern-Day Corset Wearers
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Broken and cracked ribs were an unfortunate side effect of corset-wearers in the Victorian era but modern trends have seen women purposely removing ribs to get a tiny waist. The procedure of removing one of your lower ribs in order to have a smaller defined waist is technically illegal but that hasn't stopped some modern women.
Instagram star and "living doll" Pixee Fox alleged to have gotten the illegal surgery done in 2015.
Radium Definitely Gave You A Glow
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After World War 2, people became downright obsessed with radium. The atomic age was seen as both terrifying and exciting. Radium might have created the deadliest bomb in history, but it was also being used in everything from toothpaste to nail polish to add a "healthy glow."
Of course, we now know that radium is extremely toxic at high levels but the crazy trends of the '50s and '60s already did its damage.
Rotting Your Teeth On Purpose Was Considered Beautiful
In the Elizabethan era in England, being able to afford sugary foods meant you were wealthy enough to feed your family non-essential foods. It also meant you ended up with rotten teeth thanks to all the sugar.
Those in the lower-class wanted to make it seem like they could afford sugary foods so they specifically let their teeth rot. The lower-class even went so far as to blacken their teeth with harsh chemicals similar to the Japanese tradition.
An Ammonia Face Wash Cleared Out More Than Pores
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In the 17th and 18th century, British women seemed to add every chemical they could find to their beauty routine. That included using ammonia-based face washes in the morning and at night. The harsh chemical was used to strip the face of imperfections including moles, scars, and freckles.
While it may seem crazy that women knew they were stripping their skin with harsh chemicals, that was all the rage at the time.
Lips Are Plumped To Death
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The modern day beauty trend of plump lips was taken to the extreme in 2015. The Kylie Jenner Challenge was a viral internet fad that involved people sucking on shot glasses to plump up their lips. While most of them ended up with no adverse side effects, many people who took on the challenge were left with bruising and even hospital visits.
One reality star went so far that his lips burst from being over-plumped!
Skinny Jeans Can Cut Off Your Blood Flow
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Skinny jeans became an early trend in the 2000s and don't seem to be going away anytime soon. That being said, there are some dangers that come along with the fashion fad. There have been reports of people needing to be cut out of their skinny jeans because they're too tight and cut off blood flow.
That's because, in ultra-tight jeans, your arteries will not compress and can even lead to high vein pressure.
An Elaborate Scarf Cost One Woman Her Life
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Isadora Duncan was a scarf enthusiast who prided herself on her collection of long, flowing scarves. But one evening in 1927, her favorite accessory led to her death.
Duncan was riding in an open-top car when her long scarf became entangled in the spokes of the car's rear wheels. The scarf was wrapped tightly around her neck and only tightened as the wheel kept spinning. It ended up breaking her neck and essentially decapitating her.
It Was Almost Impossible To Walk In Chopines
In the 16th century, noblewomen were all about the chopines. Chopines were extreme platform shoes that were made mostly from wood and cork and often covered in leather, brocade, or jewel-embroidered velvet. If you're wondering why these kicks look so extra, it's because they were worn as a sign of social status. The higher your chopines, the greater your wealth.
It goes without saying that chopines made the wearer very unsteady on their feet. Some women even needed assistance when they went out and about while wearing them. We wonder how many broken ankles were a direct result of chopines?
Sky-High Heels
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Believe it or not, high heels actually started as a men's fashion trend. In 1673, King Louis XIV introduced shoes with a bright red high heel, meanwhile, Persian soldiers were wearing them to help secure their feet in stirrups.
Today, high heels are largely associated with women's fashion. And while many of us don't consider these shoes to be dangerous, high heels have been responsible for their share injuries. Wearing shows with a high heel can cause permanent damage to the bones, nerves, joints, and tendons in the feet and legs.
Panniers Were the Dangerous Fashion 18th Century Women Loved to Wear
"Pannier" is derived from the French word meaning "basket," which is exactly what panniers made 18th-century women look like. Underneath layers of fabric, panniers expanded the width of skirts and dresses, sticking straight out on both sides of the waistline.
Panniers varied in size with the largest ones being saved for special occasions. The fashion accessory was mostly made of wood, metal, whalebone and, like most absurd trends, reflected the wearer's social status. It goes without saying that panniers were uncomfortable but they also severely limited women's mobility, making it a dangerous fashion choice.
Crakowes Were Considered Vain and Dangerous
Crakowes were long shoes that were widely sported by men across Europe in the late 14th century. They were so popular that they've been referred to as the Nike of the Middle Ages. Named after Krákow, Poland, crakowes were six to 24 inches long and were a quick indicator of social status. Can you imagine walking in shoes that were two feet in length?!
Many times, chains were strung from the toe to the knee to allow easier walking, but the kicks were still dangerous to walk in. Crakowes were considered ridiculous, vain, and dangerous by many conservatives and church leaders, who called them "devil's fingers." We agree.
Flammable Fabrics Were All the Rage
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In the 18th century, flannelette was a popular fabric used to make nightshirts and undergarments as well as bedding and pillows. Made from vegetable fibers, the fabric was inexpensive to produce. Although it was soft, it was highly flammable.
In fact, if the wearer wasn't careful, too much friction could cause the fabric to go up in flames. For those with flannelette bedding and pillows, they had to take extra precaution when they went to sleep.
Collars Were Made With a Flammable Material
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Celluloid was often used in men's collars and shirt cuffs to make them look clean and starched even when they weren't. The only caveat was that celluloid is highly flammable. What was supposed to be an easy-to-wear garment actually turned in a deadly fashion accessory that could set a man on fire.
In 1897, a ten-year-old boy's collar caught fire. He had previous tied his shirt closed with a string after losing a button and couldn't remove the garment quickly. He suffered significant burns on his neck and face.
Long Trains Carried Diseases
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For the better part of history, women were expected to wear long gowns to cover up their legs. To avoid risking showing off the 'scandalous' body part, women donned extra long trains. These drains dragged on the ground (which was largely unpaved), picking up pathogen-filled debris along the way.
Considering cholera and dysentery were a real threat back then, the disease-filled trains could do some damage. Sadly, maids were most at risk since they were the ones who had to wash them.
Faux Silk Was Hazardous to the Workers Who Made It
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Viscose, which was referred to as artificial silk when it was first produced in the early 1900s, looked beautiful and was inexpensive to manufacture. The only problem was thought it was dependent on the use of carbon bisulphide which was extremely toxic to humans.
Workers who were around viscose all day often suffered from delusions, dizziness, headaches, and later depression and Parkinson's disease. Today, viscose is still widely used today and is touted as a sustainable alternative to cotton or polyester.
Bliauts Hindered Movement
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Bliaut or bliaud is a word from Old French and German origins, which in modern terms means "blouse." Worn by European men and women during the 12th century, the most notable features on bliauts were their extremely long sleeves that may have looked dramatic but likely hindered any movement.
Bliauts were mostly made out of wool, but silk was also a known fabric. The exact origin isn't known, but historians believe the bliaut made its way to Europe during the Crusades.


text:
Bravely Default Walkthrough, Part Nineteen: Eternian Central Command
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Bravely Default owned by Square Enix.
Part Eighteen: Eternia
Eternian Central Command
- Approach the enormous building. Victor and Victoria will show up to spoil your day again; and, once again, something will muck up with the little Witch. They'll escape into Eternian Central Command.
- Ahead is a robed save dude. Utilize his services, then head east through the adjoining door. (Note that if you need to level for the coming fight, the battles in this foyer are much more straightforward than anything you'll face on the World Map. Y'know, for automation purposes. Just sayin'.)
- Cut scene. So that's what's up with her.
Victor, Victoria
Finally time to settle the score. Victor and Victoria are as brutal as your last fight with the pair, but you're now a whoooole lot stronger, and they're consequently more manageable. Victoria is the primary attacker here; she'll spend the battle using high-hitting Darkness spells that infilct a fair amount of damage, as well as an all-hitting Poison attack that will inflict poison status on everyone. Worse, she'll use an attack called Eradication which will deal serious damage to anyone who is poisoned (but nothing to anyone who isn't). She can also trigger a countdown attack with Corpse that will kill a character after four rounds. Victor is less dangerous, and he'll spend most of the time either buffing himself and Victoria or using Holy when they're both at full strength. When Victoria's HP begins to wane, he'll use Curada on her to restore somewhere in the realm of 2,500 HP per use.
Painful, but not impossible. Victoria loves Poison, and you can nullify its effectiveness completely by equipping everyone with Star Pendants. This will cause Victoria to waste a large number of her attacks. That done, it's merely a game of beating on Victoria and depleting her HP as fast as possible. Build up BP points while waiting out her Darkness attacks, then unleash everything you've got on the little sadist. After she falls, Victor will concentrate almost all of his efforts on hitting you with Holy; this is painful, but very easy to manage with repeated uses of Default.
- Beating these two nutters will earn you the Arcanist and Spiritmaster asterisks. Take your leave of this funky lab and return to the main corridor.
- Cut scene ahead. Oh dear, that's not good.
- Jump to Edea. After a little while, Edea will wind up as the solo member of the party. You can inspect her bed to sleep, if you wish; otherwise, leave here. Father and daughter will finally have a face-to-face chat.
- After some more cut scenes, Edea will be in the dungeons. Watch the Party Chat, then run around the dungeons and free everyone. There's also a Light Curtain in the bottom-right corner of the area, 5000 pg in the bottom-left, an X-Potion in the top-right, and 3000 pg beside Ringabel's cell. Last, before climbing the stairs, check the southern wall nearby; you'll find a secret passage leading east, into a locked cell. Inside is an Excalibur. (Why couldn't you just open the door with the key?)
- Up the stairs to B1. Head straight north to an eastern passage. To your immediate left is a semi-hidden chest containing a Light Charm.
- Run as far east as you can go. At the end is an X-Potion.
- Backtrack to the first southern hallway on your left and follow it south. At the southernmost end is a Dragon Fang.
- Return to the north and check the next hallway to your left. Take a left when you get the chance and keep running along the hallway. Ahead you'll find a chest containing a Zeus's Wrath and another southbound hall. Follow it until you see a gate to the north.
- Go south to find a Bacchus's Wine, then go north for a cut scene. Surprise! Head up the stairs whence it's done.
- Back to the main floor. You can leave Eternian Central Command now, if you wish, or continue onward. Head north when you're ready to progress.
- The main path splits in three directions ahead. Go west to start; you'll find a Pantheon's Wrath in a chest, as well as a door outside. This takes you to a spot large enough to land the Grandship. Fantastic.
- Back in. The northern door is locked; you'll have to head west. Hop on the elevator you find. Cut scene triggers.
- 47F. Hop off the lift and run southwest, into the central room. Start by going through the southeast passage; to the north and west of here you'll find two chests, containing a Gold Hourglass and a Lilith's Kiss.
- Back to the central chamber. Run northwest this time; you'll find another long, split hallway. Follow it north and east to find a Turbo Ether, then run south to find the stairs.
- 48F. Follow the hallway north until you reach a large, branching room. Run east to start; you'll find a small room with a blue chest you can't open. Pity. At least you know where it is.
- Return to the juncture and head southeast. Follow this lengthy path to the south to find an Assassin Dagger. Return to the central room.
- Run all the way south, then southwest. You'll find another chest, inside it Divine Fists.
- Head back north, and I mean aaaaall the way north. To the east is a door that will take you to Edea's room. You can use it to rest up, as before. This is a great spot for grinding levels and JP for the coming battles.
- Head south. Stairs and a cut scene. Ooo, ominous.
- 49F. Follow the curve of the room until you see a door on your left, leading to the outer ring of hallways. Follow it south to find a Stardust; follow it north to find stairs back to 48F, as well as a Holy Lance.
- Return to 49F and follow the spiralling hallways to the middle. Here you'll find a robed save dude, a chest with an Elixir, and an elevator. Save, heal, and hop onto the elevator.
- The big moment...
Braev
... against the big man! For all the buildup to this fight, Braev isn't that bad. He's strong, true, but he's generally focused on one thing: building up all of his BP so he can wipe one of your characters out at a time. This is painful, true, but it's also fairly easy to handle so long as your healer is ever on the job. Braev has several attacks, but they all boil down to a heck of a lot of physical damage, so there's little distinction. The rest of the time he'll be sitting in Default.
Your strategy? Easy enough: do basically the same thing. Build up your defenses and BP, then wait for Braev to get up to, say, two BP. Once he does, wail on him while your healer unleashes some anticipatory healing spells or items. Braev will attack; you'll get past the Default. Keep repeating this until he goes down. Braev will occasionally get big health boosts to the tune of 35,000 HP, but it doesn't take long to each one, and the moments amount to dramatic posturing more than anything. He's got as much health as any other boss.
- When Braev crumbles you'll receive the Templar asterisk, allowing you to harness the Grand Marshal's might. You'll also have to watch an emotional cut scene. D'aw.
- Once it's all done you'll be back on the first floor, and the way to Everlast Tower - and the Earth Crystal - will open. Wooooo!
Part Twenty: Everlast Tower
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The summer transfer window may have closed, but rumours are still rife. Many fans are already speculating about the potential future dealings of their clubs, and Arsenal fans are no different.
One player who seems to be eternally subject to transfer rumours is Crystal Palace's Wilfried Zaha. The Ivorian is widely viewed as one of the top players in the Premier League, and it seems fans of every club are keen to see Zaha leave the Eagles in favour of their preferred club.
Recently, Arsenal fans have been discussing a move for Zaha on Twitter and, unsurprisingly, it seems as though they are all desperate to see Zaha join their club.
He may well have just signed a new contract with Crystal Palace, but Arsenal fans believe they still have what it takes to bring Zaha to the club.
Arsenal should do everything we can to sign Wilfred Zaha in January. Top quality player. Will instantly give us a different dynamic. He almost single handedly carries Palace. Has everything that we need - Pace, power, 1 V 1 dribbling. Also is a huge goal threat. Love him.
The 25-year-old is known for his phenomenal dribbling abilities, as well as the capability to create both goals and assists from almost nothing. He is unquestionably Crystal Palace's star man, and has regularly looked like the shining light in an otherwise disappointing side.
He was snapped up by Manchester United back in 2013, as Sir Alex Ferguson opted to make Zaha his final signing as manager of the club. However under David Moyes, things did not work out for Zaha, who was sent out on loan to both Crystal Palace and Cardiff City, before eventually being sold back to The Eagles in 2015.
Fortunately for Zaha, he was clearly not deterred by this struggle. His performances since he returned to Selhurst Park have been sublime, and he is regularly linked with a move to a top side.
Clubs are seemingly always on the lookout for a new marquee signing, but often run the risk of bringing in a player from overseas who may struggle to adapt to the Premier League. Clearly, Zaha would not have this issue, as he has been a star in the league for several seasons, despite playing in a struggling Crystal Palace side.
The list of potential suitors for Zaha is enormous. Borussia Dortmund, Tottenham, Everton and Chelsea have all been linked with a move for the 25-year-old recently, but there was a brief break in the speculation when Zaha opted to renew his contract shortly after the transfer window closed.
However, the rumours linking Zaha with an exit quickly resurfaced. The Ivorian has netted three goals in four appearances this season, prompting fans to plead with their clubs to move for Zaha. Arsenal endured a tough start to the season, leaving fans desperate for a new attacking option, and it appears as though Zaha is close to the top of most fans's wish lists.
Dear @UnaiEmery_ @Arsenal sign zaha by January. Think about it.
Would kill to have Wilf Zaha at Arsenal. Crystal Palace have done exceptionally well to keep him and if he does leave to a top club he will be called world class in no time.
Any move for Zaha would certainly be an expensive one, but it appears as though his new contract has done nothing to deter any potential suitors.


In 0.10.2 a new feature was added for backing up files that are replaced by the file.managed and file.recurse states. The new feature is called the backup mode. Setting the backup mode is easy, but it can be set in a number of places.
The files will be saved in the minion cachedir under the directory named file_backup. The files will be in the location relative to where they were under the root filesystem and be appended with a timestamp. This should make them easy to browse.
Starting with version 0.17.0, it will be possible to list, restore, and delete previously-created backups.
Since no state is being run, restoring a file will not trigger any watches for the file. So, if you are restoring a config file for a service, it will likely still be necessary to run a service.restart.