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Education Program History
NEWWA Inc., Bylaws
NEWWA Section Bylaws
NEWWA, Inc. Constitution
View our 2022 Annual Report.
2022-2023 Org Chart
NEWWA Policy Document
The New England Water Works Association (NEWWA) is the affiliated organization of New England Water Works Association, Inc. and the New England Section of the American Water Works Association. We are a membership organization for those working or interested in the drinking water profession. Headquartered in Holliston, Mass., we bring together water utilities, consultants, manufacturers, vendors, regulators, academia, and other interested parties to network, educate, and advocate.
NEWWA, Inc. is a not-for-profit (501c3) member organization incorporated in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. We are accredited by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training and hold hundreds of courses each year for those working in the water works profession. In addition, we host two major conferences and several specialty symposia each year. Built around networking, our strength is our membership who volunteer on our vast number of committees to produce products, information, and courses.
Since 1882 NEWWA, Inc. has served drinking water professionals from across New England. In the late 1930s the New England Section of the American Water Works Association (AWWA) was formed as a local chapter of AWWA (which is headquartered in Denver, CO). In 1987, NEWWA Inc. affiliated with the New England Section of AWWA to provide the opportunity for members to join both associations. To this day, members still have the option of joining AWWA with NEWWA as the designated section, or NEWWA, Inc.-only. See our Membership Page for full details on both membership options and a breakdown of benefits.
NEWWA's Vision
Our vision is to inspire excellence in the drinking water profession, public confidence in tap water, and water resource stewardship.
NEWWA's Mission
Our mission is to promote public health, safety, quality of life, and environmental stewardship through education/training, advocacy, and outreach relating to safe drinking water and to advance the membership as noted in the AWWA Articles of Incorporation.
The NEWWA Strategic Plan refines and builds on the goals from previous plans and is a basis for plans to be established by the NEWWA Board of Directors as it guides our many volunteers and staff. This update of the Long-Range Strategic Plan, last done for 2018-2023, was developed with consideration to previous plans. An effort was also made to sustain the ongoing initiatives from prior plans to keep momentum moving forward, creating the NEWWA 10-year vision of 2015-2024.
The long-range Strategic Plan and 10-year vision reflect the work done by the Planning Committee, who provide direction for the Spring Council Meeting as well as Summer Planning Session. Discussions and recommendations from previous planning efforts are evident throughout the plan and vision.
In addition, each year the association president develops a set of goals for his/her tenure. For 2021-2022, President Erica Lotz's goals are to:
Create a culture of inclusion
Outreach to our utility partners
Expand social media to attract youth to industry
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New England Water Works Association
125 Hopping Brook Road
Office hours: 8:30a.m. - 5:00p.m. Monday through Friday
Driving Directions From the South:
Take 495 North to Exit 48 (old Exit 19). Turn right at the bottom of exit (Route 109). (Exit 48 is north of Routes 1 and 495). Travel about .4 mile, and turn left BEFORE Medway Lotus Restaurant onto Clark St. Proceed on Clark St. for about 1.7 miles (Clark St. turns into South St.) until you get to the second Stop sign. Turn right onto route 16 E. Turn right into Hopping Brook Park, (100 yards on the right). 125 Hopping Brook Road is first building on the right.
Driving Directions From the North:
Take 495 south to Exit 48 (old Exit 19). (Exit 48 is three exits south of the Mass Pike.) Turn right at the bottom of the exit. Go to the first traffic light and turn right (there is a Burger King on the right). Proceed to the next traffic light and turn right (less than a mile). This is Route 16. Hopping Brook Office Park is approximately 2 miles east on Route 16. 125 Hopping Brook is the first building on the right.
Need a place to stay? Below are area hotels near NEWWA. Click on the hotel name to visit their Web site.
The Fairfield Inn and Suites: 508-478-0900
Use code AW3
1 Fortune Blvd.
$109.00 per night queen
2.8 miles from NEWWA
Doubletree Milford : (508) 478-7010
11 Beaver Street
**Mention NEWWA when reserving room**
$129 single or double
Restaurant and bar on site
Holiday Inn Express: 508-634-1054
50 Fortune Blvd.
Milford,MA
$124.00 single
Food service on site & shuttle service within a 5-mile radius
Marriott Courtyard: 508-634-9500
$169.00 single king or a single with 2 queens
Bar/Restaurant on site
2022-2023 Board of Directors
View the 2023 Board of Directors Nominee Guidance document here
Upcoming Board of Directors Meeting Dates. Meetings are open to all members. Please contact Mary Quigley for virtual meeting credentials:
November 22, 2022 - NEWWA or Zoom
December 14, 2022 - NEWWA or Zoom
February 1, 2023 - Augusta, ME
April 4, 2023 - Worcester, MA
May 19, 2023 - NEWWA or Zoom
TBD July 2023
September 17, 2023 - Burlington, VT
Annual Financial Statement and Report For the Fiscal Year 2022 (July 1, 2021-June 30, 2022).
President - James DeCelles, P.E., Chief Engineer & General Manager, Pawtucket Water Supply Board, Pawtucket, RI
President-Elect - Stephen Olson, P.E., President, H2Olson Engineering, Inc., MA
Immediate Past President - Erica Lotz, P.E., ENV SP, Principal, Stantec Consulting, MA
Vice President - Demetrios Vidalis, Director of Water and Sewer, City of Somerville, MA
Treasurer - Wayne Brockway, Treasurer, KK&W Water District, ME
Assistant Treasurer - Michael Pelletier, P.E., Senior Project Manager, CDM Smith, MA
AWWA Director - Craig Douglas, General Manager, Brunswick & Topsham Water District, ME
Connecticut State Director - Matthew Stosse, Procurement Manager, Connecticut Water Co., CT
Maine State Director - David Kane, Executive Director of Administration, Portland Water District, ME
Massachusetts State Director - Darin LaFalam, Superintendent, Lincoln, MA
Massachusetts State Director - Rob Little, P.E., Senior Principal and Drinking Water Practice Leader, Woodard & Curran, MA
New Hampshire State Director - John Boisvert, P.E., Chief Engineer, Pennichuck Water Works, NH
Rhode Island State Director - Jessica Lynch, P.E., General Manager/Chief Engineer, Portsmouth Water & Fire District, RI
Vermont State Director - Michael Barsotti, Director of Water Quality and Production, Champlain Water District, VT
Director-At-Large - Thomas Garrity, Director of Sales, TiSALES, Sudbury, MA
Director-At-Large - Nathan Little, P.E., Program Manager, Massachusetts Water Resources Authority, MA
Director-At-Large - Kirsten Ryan, PG, Senior Project Manager and Hydrogeologist, Kleinfelder, MA
Executive Director - Kirsten King
NEWWA's office hours are 8:30 a.m. - 5:00p.m., Monday through Friday.
Pamela Amalfi
Donald Bunker
Questions on training programs, scheduling, contract training.
Nelson Cabral
Backflow/Cross Connection
Katelyn Todesco
Events & Marketing Manager
Questions on conferences, meetings, events
Lisa Franks
Materials Preparation Assistant
Mary Keating
Questions on training registrations.
Kirsten King Executive Director
Ext. 243
Questions on policy, overall management, communications, website, state WARNs
Claire O'Dell
Questions on accounts payable and receivable.
Mary Quigley
Membership & Volunteer
Questions on membership, committees.
Paul Riendeau
Instructor/Education
Questions on licensing, training programs, technical questions.
Facility & Office Manager
Questions on backflow and cross connection renewals and certifications.
NEWWA's Organizational Chart
NEWWA's organization consists of both a paid staff and volunteer structure. Click on the image to download the organizational chart for 2022-2023.
*Click the image to download and print the flyer.
NEWWA's Education Program History
NEWWA prides itself on delivering the highest-quality educational programs to its students. With one of the first water works schools in the nation, NEWWA has maintained a tradition of excellence since 1882. We are an approved Accredited Provider by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training, which holds NEWWA to strict ANSI/IACET standards that address processes for designing, developing, and delivering the association's continuing education and training. The following is a brief timeline of NEWWA's training mission development and facility growth:
February 17, 1882 - the first meeting of three water superintendents is held in Lowell, MA.
April 19, 1882 - NEWWA is formally organized.
June 21, 1882 - NEWWA holds its first annual convention.
September 1886 - NEWWA publishes its first issue of the Journal.
1932 - NEWWA launches the first water works school.
1978 - NEWWA receives its first training grant with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
February 23, 1984 - the Backflow and Cross Connection Prevention training and board are established.
1986 - NEWWA expands its training related to the Safe Drinking Water Act.
May 19, 1988 - NEWWA opens its first training center in Milford, MA.
1989 - NEWWA creates a training manager position.
1992- The Francis X. Crowley training center addition is opened adjacent to the Milford facility (with a 54-seat classroom/vocation classroom).
2001 - NEWWA opens its new headquarters and training facility in Holliston, MA (with three classrooms, water quality laboratory, library, and committee conference rooms).
2005 - NEWWA opens its distribution training laboratory addition at its Holliston facility (with a hands-on classroom, hall of presidents, and field storage).
2014 - NEWWA renovates its first-floor administrative area.
2014 - LCD projectors are installed in all second-floor classrooms at the Holliston, MA facility.
2015 - All second-floor classrooms are renovated, including new furniture and a food service area.
2015 - Wall mounted LCD TV is installed in the Pennichuck Conference Room for presentations, etc.
New England Water Works Association, Inc. Bylaws
Amended on December 3, 1997
ARTICLE I DUES AND FEES
The Board of Directors of NEWWA, Inc. shall recommend such dues and fees as may be necessary to support the work of the NEWWA, Inc. and shall advise the membership of its recommendations as prescribed by Article III, Sections 2 and 3 of the Constitution. The dues structure shall be published in the Journal of the NEWWA, Inc.
ARTICLE II COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. Committees of NEWWA, Inc. will include Scholarship, Facilities, Publications, Award of Merit, Publication Awards, and such other committees as the Board of Directors may appoint from time to time.
SECTION 2. All committees of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be commissioned by the Board of Directors. At the first meeting of the Board of Directors following the Annual Conference, the Board shall either continue or terminate any committee. The Board of Directors shall appoint chairmen of all working committees.
SECTION 3. As soon as it is commissioned by the Board of Directors, a committee shall prepare a statement of scope and submit it to the Board of Directors for review. No committee shall proceed with its assignment until it has a statement of scope approved by the Board of Directors. A committee may, from time to time, recommend revisions in its statement of scope, and the Board of Directors shall consider such recommendations promptly.
SECTION 4. The Board of Directors may commission committees to draw up or consider policies, standards or specifications for adoption by the NEWWA, Inc. either for the NEWWA, Inc. alone or in cooperation with other associations or societies. Each committee so commissioned shall report annually to the Board of Directors such draft of policies, standards or specifications, as it may recommend. The policies, standards or specifications shall not be published as approved by the NEWWA, Inc. until the procedures contained in Article XI of the Constitution have been completed.
SECTION 5. The Board of Directors may appoint one or more members to serve as NEWWA, Inc. representatives on professional and technical committees organized by other associations or societies. Such representatives shall act in accordance with their own discretion as to the best interests of the NEWWA, Inc. and its members, in relation to all matters undertaken by the committees. Each representative shall keep the Board of Directors informed of its activities by means of an annual report as required under Section 6 or more frequently if appropriate. The Board of Directors may appoint members as alternates to serve in place of the appointed representative during their absences or incapacity. The votes of an alternate acting for the representative shall have the same standing as a vote of the representative.
SECTION 6. Each committee shall prepare a report annually, stating its progress in relation to its assignment, together with such other comments or recommendations as it may deem appropriate. It shall be the responsibility of the committee chairman to submit on or before August 15 each year, a written copy of the annual report on the committee. The Committee Chairman shall further indicate to the Executive Director whether the report should be read at the Annual Conference, either in full or in summary, and if it is to be read, who will present it for the committee. The Board of Directors may, at its discretion, decline permission for a committee report to be read.
Membership in the New England Water Works Association and admission to functions and courses sponsored by the Association shall not be denied to any person on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, creed and national or ethnic origin.
ARTICLE IV JOURNAL ADVERTISING
Consultant/Associate Members desiring to advertise in the Journal of the New England Water Works Association, Inc. shall be charged appropriately.
New England Water Works Association, a Section of the American Water Works Association
(As approved by the AWWA Board of Directors, June 13, 2004)
(As approved by the NEWWA membership and AWWA Board of Directors January 21, 2010)
(As approved by the NEWWA membership December 15, 2011 and AWWA Board of Directors June 10, 2012)
ARTICLE I NAME AND OBJECT
SECTION I. Definitions: "NEWWA" shall mean the affiliated organization of the NEWWA, Inc. and the New England Section of the American Water Works Association.
"NEWWA, Inc." shall mean the New England Water Works Association organized in 1882.
"Board of Directors" and "State Director" or "Director at Large" wherever mentioned in these bylaws shall mean the Board of Trustees and Trustee wherever mentioned in the Bylaws or Governing Documents of the American Water Works Association. The Board of Directors of NEWWA shall manage the affairs of the affiliated organization.
"President" wherever mentioned in these bylaws shall mean Chair wherever mentioned in the Bylaws or the Governing Documents of the American Water Works Association.
"President-Elect" wherever mentioned in these bylaws shall mean Chair-Elect wherever mentioned in the Bylaws or the Governing Documents of the American Water Works Association.
"Vice-President" wherever mentioned in these bylaws shall mean Vice-Chair wherever mentioned in the Bylaws or the Governing Documents of the American Water Works Association.
"Executive Director" wherever mentioned in these bylaws shall mean Secretary wherever mentioned in the Bylaws or the Governing Documents of the American Water Works Association. The Executive Director shall mean the Executive Officer of NEWWA.
"AWWA" shall mean the American Water Works Association.
"Annual Conference" shall mean a meeting of NEWWA to be held in September or October.
"Council" shall mean a group of committees in the current table of organization that report to a Director.
SECTION 2. The name of this organization shall be the "New England Water Works Association, a Section of the American Water Works Association," hereinafter referred to as the "New England Water Works Association" or "NEWWA."
SECTION 3. The purpose of NEWWA is to promote public health, safety, quality of life, and environmental stewardship through education/training, advocacy, and outreach relating to safe drinking water and to advance the membership as noted in the AWWA Articles of Incorporation.
SECTION 4. The performance and operation of the NEWWA shall be in accordance with the latest Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws, and Governing Documents of the American Water Works Association (AWWA), and as stated herein.
ARTICLE II MEMBERSHIP
SECTION 1. The membership of the section shall consist of those members of the American Water Works Association residing in or having principal business activity in the New England Water Works Association Section, multi-section members, and those assigned to the New England Water Works Association Section by the Executive Director of the American Water Works Association.
ARTICLE III FEES AND DUES
SECTION 1. In addition to the current annual dues of the American Water Works Association, members shall pay a section assessment. This assessment will be determined by the NEWWA Board of Directors and may be used for any purpose consistent with the established policies and programs of AWWA and NEWWA, as determined by the NEWWA Board of Directors.
ARTICLE IV OFFICERS
SECTION 1. The management of the affairs of the NEWWA shall be vested in its Board of Directors.
SECTION 2. Membership on the Board of Directors shall consist of elected officers by the membership and the assistant treasurer appointed by the Board of Directors. The Executive Director shall be an ex-officio member of the Board of Directors without voting rights. The elected officers shall consist of the President, the President-Elect, the Vice-President, one AWWA Director, six State Directors (one from each New England state), an additional State Director from those states having 700 or more active members residing within them, the Treasurer, the Immediate Past-President, and three Directors at Large. The elected officers shall appoint a voting assistant treasurer for a three-year term running concurrent with the Treasurer. All matters coming before the Board shall be acted upon by a majority of the voting members of the Board of Directors present unless otherwise required by the Constitution or Bylaws. A majority of the voting members of the Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum.
SECTION 3. All officers shall be members of the American Water Works Association and members of NEWWA.
a. Any member of the section, including a multi-section member, shall be eligible to hold elective office in the section.
b. Multi-section members may hold office in only one section at a time.
c. Two or more offices may not be held by the same individual.
d. In accordance with the agreements made when the New England Water Works Association was merged with the New England Section, Connecticut Section members who hold a multi-section membership in the New England Water Works Association Section shall be entitled to full rights in that section.
SECTION 4. The term of office for each member of the Board shall be as follows:
a. The President of the NEWWA shall serve for one year from the close of one NEWWA Annual Conference to the close of the next Annual Conference.
b. The President-Elect of the NEWWA shall serve for one year from the close of one Annual Conference to the close of the next Annual Conference. Upon expiration of the term of President, the President-Elect shall accede to the office of President. The President-Elect shall serve as liaison for the committees reporting directly to the Board of Directors.
c. The Vice-President of the NEWWA shall serve for one year from the close of one Annual Conference to the close of the Annual Conference at which a successor is chosen.
d. The AWWA Director shall serve a three-year term coincident with the term of office of members of the AWWA Board of Directors as provided by the Bylaws of AWWA.
e. Each State Director shall serve a three-year term from the close of one Annual Conference to the close of the Annual Conference at which a successor is chosen. A State Director cannot serve more than two consecutive terms. The terms of Directors shall be so staggered that the terms of at least two Directors shall expire each year. The term of State Directors from states with more than one Director will expire in the same year. Each shall serve as a Council Chair or Vice Chair as appointed.
f. Both the Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer shall serve a three-year term from the close of one Annual Conference to the close of the Annual Conference at which their successors are chosen.
g. The Immediate Past-President shall serve a one-year term from the close of the Annual Conference to the close of the following Annual Conference.
h. Each Director at Large shall serve a three-year term from the close of one Annual Conference to the close of the Annual Conference at which a successor is chosen. A Director at Large cannot serve more than two consecutive terms. The terms of Directors at Large shall be so staggered that the terms of at least one Director shall expire each year. Each shall serve as a Council Chair or Vice Chair as appointed.
SECTION 5. All vacancies in office, except that of President, shall be filled by vote of the Board of Directors for the unexpired term until the next regular scheduled election of said office as soon as practicable after said vacancy occurs.
SECTION 6. The Board of Directors have the authority to declare vacant for cause any office by an affirmative vote of at least two thirds of the voting members of the Board.
ARTICLE V - DUTIES OF OFFICERS
SECTION 1. It shall be the duty of the members of the Board of Directors to promote the objectives and to actively strive for the advancement of the NEWWA, to hire the Executive Director, perform specific duties as assigned by the President, and to perform the specific duties outlined hereinafter.
President - The President shall:
a. Have the responsibility for the general supervision of the affairs of the NEWWA and NEWWA, Inc.
b. Preside at the annual conference and meetings of the Board of Directors.
c. Appoint or designate all committees except as may be otherwise provided for herein.
d. Be an ex-officio member of such committees as he or she desires except the Nominating Committee.
e. Assign specific duties to officers as necessary.
f. Appoint tellers to count ballots.
g. Coordinate the Annual Conference.
h. Deliver an address at the Annual Conference.
i. Report on Board activities to the general membership.
President-Elect - The President-Elect shall:
a. Preside in the absence of the President.
b. Assume the duties of the President in the case of vacancy in that office.
c. Serve on the Nominating Committee.
d. Serve as chair of special committees or other duties as assigned by the President.
Past-President - The Past-President shall:
a. Serve as Chair of the Nominating Committee
AWWA Director - The AWWA Director shall:
a. Represent the NEWWA on the AWWA Board of Directors.
b. Report actions of AWWA Board of Directors to the Board of Directors and the general membership.
Vice-President - The Vice-President shall:
a. Be an ex-officio member of the Program Committee and the Membership Committee.
Directors (State and at Large) -
a. Serve as chair or vice chair of councils or committees and accept other duties as assigned by the President and approved by the Board of Directors.
b. Serve as a member of the Nominating Committee if appointed.
Treasurer - The Treasurer shall:
a. Have responsibility for investment of all funds of NEWWA and NEWWA, Inc.
b. File a surety bond in a form and in an amount to be determined by the Board of Directors, the premium on said bond to be paid by the NEWWA.
c. Pay all bills or other indebtedness of the NEWWA and NEWWA, Inc. when properly approved by the Executive Director.
d. Review all orders for withdrawals of funds and checks for disbursement and countersign all transactions that exceed the amount specified in the check signing policy.
e. Keep accurate records of all receipts and disbursements and of all property of the NEWWA and NEWWA, Inc. in his or her charge.
f. Render a report on the same at the Annual Conference.
g. Shall ensure the financial statements are annually audited by an independent auditor.
h. Shall file appropriate forms with the Internal Revenue Service and other governmental agencies.
i. Ensure NEWWA's financial and budget policies are up to date and being implemented.
Assistant Treasurer - The Assistant Treasurer shall:
a. Act in the absence of the Treasurer.
b. Assume the duties of the Treasurer in the case of vacancy in that office.
c. Assist the Treasurer.
Executive Director - The Executive Director, upon the direction of the Board of Directors, shall:
a. Be the executive officer of the NEWWA.
b. Issue notices to members of the Board at least seven days prior to all meetings.
c. Keep records of all meetings.
d. Perform duties as assigned by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 2. Every member of the Board of Directors agrees to make every effort to attend all regular and special meetings of the Board and to carry out all duties described in these bylaws and as assigned by the President.
ARTICLE VI - MEETINGS
SECTION 1. The Annual Meeting of the Association shall be opened at such time and place in September or October as the Board of Directors shall designate.
SECTION 2. In addition to the Annual Meeting, a minimum of three other meetings or special conferences shall be held between October and June at a time and place fixed by the Board of Directors.
SECTION 3. At any meeting of the NEWWA, 35 members shall constitute a quorum.
SECTION 4. Special meetings of the NEWWA may be held at the call of the President with the approval of the Board of Directors, and shall be called by the President if requested in writing by 35 members, but no business shall be transacted unless announced in the call of meetings seven days prior.
SECTION 5. Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held upon call of the President; and shall be called by the President upon the written request of three or more members thereof. The meetings shall be conducted in accordance with Robert's Rules or procedures as determined by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE VII NOMINATION AND ELECTION OF OFFICERS
SECTION 1. After the close of the Annual Conference and before November 30th of each year the President with the approval of the Board of Directors shall appoint a Nominating Committee of seven consisting of two Past Presidents of NEWWA, the AWWA Director, the President Elect, and three Directors. The President shall appoint the three Directors from states that lack representation on the Committee whenever possible. The most Immediate and available Past President shall serve as Chair. The Nominating Committee shall designate nominees for the offices to become vacated and search out the best candidates to lead the NEWWA, in accordance with these bylaws. No member of the Nominating Committee may be a candidate. The Nominating Committee shall designate a nominee for the position of AWWA Director with the other nominations, during the second year of the AWWA Director's term. All nominees shall have been a member of NEWWA for three years unless waived by a 2/3 vote of the Nominating Committee. The Nominating Committee will consider nominating two candidates for a vacant position if appropriate.
SECTION 2. The Nominating Committee shall solicit candidates for the position of State Director and Director(s) at Large according to the guidelines as approved by the Board of Directors. All candidates shall be submitted to the Nominating Committee by April 1st. The positions that need to be filled shall be posted on the NEWWA website and published in a minimum of one NEWWA correspondence. Nominees for State Director shall reside or work in the state that they represent. Other nominees may be placed on the ballot for position of State Director in accordance with Section 4 of this Article.
SECTION 3. The Nominating Committee shall submit its report to the President and Executive Director before the fifteenth of May. This report shall be printed and mailed or emailed by the Executive Director to the membership of the NEWWA and NEWWA, Inc. before June 15.
SECTION 4. Members of the NEWWA may send to the Executive Director, until July 15, additional nominations signed by at least 25 members of the NEWWA and/or NEWWA, Inc.
SECTION 5. In the event of withdrawal or death of the only nominee for election to an office, or if for any reason the nominee is unable to fill the office, the Nominating Committee shall notify the Board of Directors and on the first day of the Annual Conference, present another nomination at which time any additional nominations signed by at least 25 members may be presented. The office shall then be filled by membership ballot taken on the second day of the Conference.
SECTION 6. The Executive Director shall issue a ballot on or before the first day of August, which shall contain the nominations made by the Nominating Committee and such other nominations as, may have been received in accordance with this article. This ballot shall be mailed or emailed to all members entitled to vote. A candidate running for re-election to a second term for a Director's post shall be noted as such on the ballot. The ballot will indicate that only members of NEWWA, a Section of AWWA can vote for the position of AWWA Director.
SECTION 7. Ballots shall be returned in a special envelope to the Executive Director or returned to a third party company approved by the Board of Directors. The signature and printed name of the member voting shall appear on the outer envelope or other acceptable process approved by the Board of Directors at least two months prior to ballots being issued.
SECTION 8. Three members appointed by the President shall serve as the tellers of election. Ballots must be returned by September 1 and the polls will be closed on September 1 at 5:00 PM. The members receiving the greatest number of votes for the offices for which they are candidates and receive a minimum of 25 votes shall be declared elected with the winners announced at the Annual Conference and the candidate vote counts published in the NEWWA Journal. Should no one be declared elected or if the two candidates receiving the most votes acquire the same number of votes, the President shall then order a ballot to be taken at the Annual Conference to decide which of the candidates for an office shall be elected. If there are multi candidates for a single office, only the two receiving the most votes will be placed on the ballot. The tellers of the election at the annual meeting shall announce the results of the ballot.
ARTICLE VIII - COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. All committees of the NEWWA shall be commissioned by the Board of Directors. At the first meeting of the Board of Directors following the Annual Conference, the Board of Directors shall either continue or terminate any committee. The President shall appoint Chairs of all working committees subject to the confirmation of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 3. Each committee shall prepare a report annually, stating its progress in relation to its assignment, together with such other comments or recommendations as it may deem appropriate. It shall be the responsibility of the committee Chair to submit on or before August 15 each year, a written copy of the annual report on the committee. The committee chair shall further indicate to the Executive Director whether the report should be read at the Annual Conference, either in full or in summary, and if it is to be read, who will present it for the committee. The Board of Directors may, at its discretion, decline permission for a committee report to be read. Council Chairs will coordinate and organize a report of all committees within said council.
ARTICLE IX - AMENDMENTS
SECTION 1. Proposed amendments to these bylaws must be submitted in writing to the Board of Directors of NEWWA, which, at its discretion, may present them to the NEWWA for action. The Board of Directors, at the written request of 50 members, shall bring before the NEWWA any proposed amendment.
SECTION 2. Announcement of a proposed amendment which is recommended by the Board of Directors or by 50 members of the NEWWA shall be given by printing the amendment in the notice of a regular or special meeting at which action on the amendment is to be taken. Such notice shall be mailed at least 21 days prior to the regular or special meeting.
SECTION 3. A two-thirds vote of the members present and voting shall be necessary for the adoption of an amendment.
SECTION 4. No amendment shall become effective until approved by the AWWA.
ARTICLE X SECTION DISSOLUTION
SECTION 1. Upon dissolution of the NEWWA, such section funds and/or property which were derived from the general funds of AWWA shall be returned to AWWA.
SECTION 2. The balance of the section funds or property shall be disposed of by transfer and distribution to one or more corporations, funds, or foundations organized and operated in an area included in an AWWA section, hereinafter referred to as the "receiving organization." The receiving organization shall:
be operated exclusively for scientific or educational purposes,
no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any private shareholders or individual,
no substantial part of the activities of which is carrying on propaganda or otherwise attempting to influence legislation, and
which does not participate in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distributing of statements) any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office.
SECTION 3. The receiving organization would then qualify under the provisions of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as they now exist or as they may hereafter be amended. Such receiving organization is to be selected by vote of the majority of the members of the NEWWA at a meeting called for the purpose, or if for any reason such disposition cannot be affected, then such funds shall be so distributed pursuant to the order, judgment, or decree of a court having jurisdiction over the assets and property of the NEWWA.
ARTICLE XIINDEMNIFICATION
SECTION 1. Indemnification is provided by the Association as described in the American Water Works Association Bylaws, Article VI, Section 6.01.
Constitution of the New England Water Works Association, Inc.
Amended on January 15, 2004 by vote of the Association
SECTION 1. Definitions:
"NEWWA" shall mean the affiliated organization of the NEWWA, Inc. and the New England Section of the American Water Works Association.
"Board of Directors" shall mean the Board of Directors of NEWWA who shall manage the affairs of the affiliated organization.
"Executive Director" shall mean the Executive Officer of NEWWA, Inc.
"Annual Conference" shall mean a meeting of the affiliated organization to be held in September or October.
SECTION 2. The name of the Association shall be the "New England Water Works Association, Inc."
SECTION 3. The objective of the Association shall be the promotion of public health and the advancement of knowledge through education and research relating to public water supply activities, with encouragement of professional and practical exchange among water works personnel.
SECTION 1. All members of New England Water Works Association, a section of the American Water Works Association, are members of New England Water Works Association, Inc.
SECTION 2. Individual memberships in the NEWWA, Inc. shall consist of Individual Members, Honorary Members, Life Members, Retired Members, and Junior Members. Utility membership shall be available to publicly and privately owned water utilities. Consultant/Associate membership shall be available to business firms offering materials or services to water utilities.
SECTION 3. An Individual Member shall be any person employed or interested in public water supply, or offering materials or services to water utilities, or otherwise engaged in the advancement of knowledge relating to water works. Unless otherwise qualified, the word "member" as used in this Constitution and Bylaws shall mean an Individual Member as defined in this section.
SECTION 4. An Honorary Member shall be a person of eminence in some branch of water works practice or water works engineering, or a member who has been outstanding in his promotion of the welfare of the Association or in the profession of water supply. There shall not be more than thirty Honorary Members at any one time.
SECTION 5. A Life Member shall be a member who has paid dues for forty years or who has reached the age of sixty-five years and has paid dues for at least thirty years.
SECTION 6. A Retired Member shall be a member in good standing who has paid dues for at least ten years, who has reached the age of sixty years, and who, in the opinion of the Board of Directors of NEWWA, has essentially retired from gainful employment.
SECTION 7. A Junior Member shall be not less than eighteen years nor more than twenty-five years of age, and shall be a student in an engineering school, or in active practice in some branch of engineering or water supply work. He shall be enrolled as a NEWWA member when he becomes twenty-five years of age.
SECTION 8. A Utility Member shall be any publicly or privately owned water utility engaged in the distribution of potable water for public consumption. Each Utility Member shall be entitled to two individual members who shall have all the rights and privileges as members of NEWWA, Inc.
SECTION 9. Consultant/Associate Member shall be any business firm offering materials or services to water utilities, or otherwise involved in water works. Each Consultant/Associate member shall have one individual employee or officer entitled to all the rights and privileges as an individual member of NEWWA, Inc.
SECTION 10. Members of all grades shall be entitled to all the rights and privileges of NEWWA, Inc. Members of NEWWA, Inc. will be entitled to vote for the Board of Officers of NEWWA, with the exception of International Director.
SECTION 11. Honorary Members of NEWWA, Inc. shall be proposed by a minimum of twenty members and shall be elected by the majority of the Board of Directors of NEWWA. The Board of Directors of NEWWA may at its discretion elect an Honorary Member without approval from the membership.
SECTION 12. A member of any grade after being two months in arrears for dues shall not receive the publications of the NEWWA, Inc. The Executive Director will inform the member that they will be dropped from the rolls if the dues are not made current.
SECTION 13. A member of any grade may be expelled from the NEWWA, Inc. for cause by a two-thirds vote of the Board of Directors of NEWWA, but such member shall first be notified in writing of the charges against him and shall have the right to resign or to present a written defense to the Board of Directors within three months of said notification.
SECTION 1. Dues and fees shall be as provided in the Bylaws.
SECTION 2. No change shall be made in the dues schedule except upon prior approval of the Board of Directors of NEWWA.
SECTION 3. Subsequent to the approval to a change in the dues schedule by the Board of Directors of NEWWA, all members of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be notified in writing by the Executive Director. Such change in the dues schedule shall not become effective until at least sixty days have elapsed following the date of mailing the notice of change in dues schedule. Upon petition in writing signed by not less than fifty members of the NEWWA, Inc., the effective date of the change in dues schedule shall be postponed until after approval of such change by a vote of members attending a regular or special meeting of NEWWA, Inc. If a proper petition requesting a vote of the membership shall not have been received within thirty days, the effective date of the change in dues schedule, except as herein provided, shall be as directed by the Board of Directors of NEWWA.
SECTION 4. A member transferred from one grade to another shall pay the dues of the grade to which he is transferred.
SECTION 5. All newly elected members of any grade shall be entitled to all of the benefits that accrue to its members during the year, or that part of the year for which they have paid dues.
SECTION 6. Newly elected members of any grade shall pay dues for the unexpired quarters of the year, except when election occurs during the last quarter, in which case no dues will be required for that year. Membership shall date from the day of election by the Board of Directors of NEWWA.
SECTION 1. The officers of NEWWA will be the officers of NEWWA, Inc. with the exception of the International Director.
SECTION 2. The Board of Directors shall annually appoint an Executive Director and an Editor of the Journal.
ARTICLE V DUTIES OF OFFICERS
SECTION 1. The President shall have the responsibility for general supervision of the affairs of the NEWWA, Inc. He shall preside at meetings of the NEWWA, Inc. and of the Board of Directors. He shall deliver an address at the Annual Conference.
SECTION 2. The President Elect shall preside at meetings in the absence of the President and shall discharge his duties in case of a vacancy in the office.
SECTION 3. The Executive Director, under the direction of the Board of Directors of NEWWA, shall be the executive officer of the NEWWA, Inc. He shall issue notices to members of the Board at least seven days prior to all meetings, shall keep records of all meetings of the NEWWA, Inc. and of the Board of Directors, shall render notices and receive all dues, fees and other monies due the NEWWA, Inc. except income from funds in the hands of the Treasurer, and shall deposit the same promptly in banks approved by the Board of Directors, to the credit of the NEWWA, Inc. The Executive Director shall personally certify to the Treasurer the accuracy of all accounts and shall at the Annual Conference make a report on the condition of the affairs of the NEWWA, Inc.
SECTION 4. The Treasurer, under the direction of the Board of Directors, shall have custody and responsibility for investment of all funds of the NEWWA, Inc. and shall file a surety bond in a form and in an amount to be determined by the Board of Directors, the premium on said bond to be paid by the NEWWA. The Treasurer shall pay all bills or other indebtedness of the NEWWA, Inc. when withdrawals of funds and checks for disbursements shall be signed by the Treasurer and countersigned by the Executive Director. The Treasurer shall keep accurate records of all receipts and disbursements and of all property of the NEWWA, Inc. in his charge, and shall render a report on the same at the Annual Conference. The Board of Directors, at its discretion, shall appoint an individual to be designated as Assistant Treasurer. Such appointee shall be bonded in the same manner as required for the Treasurer. All officers, appointees, and employees of the NEWWA, Inc. who handle funds shall be bonded, the premiums on said bonds to be paid by the NEWWA.
SECTION 5. The Editor, under the direction of the Board of Directors, shall have charge of the publication of the "Journal of the New England Water Works Association, Inc." The Editor shall keep and prepare for publication all matters intended to be printed in the Journal, and shall present a report at the Annual Conference showing in detail the cost of publication of the Journal, and the receipts from advertising and subscriptions.
SECTION 6. All vacancies in office, except that of President, shall be filled by vote of the Board of Directors for the unexpired term of said office as soon as practicable after said vacancy occurs.
ARTICLE VI MEETINGS
SECTION 1. The Annual Conference of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be opened at such time and place in September or October as the Board of Directors of NEWWA shall designate.
SECTION 2. At any meeting of the NEWWA, Inc., thirty-five members shall constitute a quorum.
SECTION 3. Special meetings of the NEWWA, Inc. may be held at the call of the President with the approval of the Board of Directors, and shall be called by him if requested in writing by thirty- five members, but no business shall be transacted unless announced in the call of meetings.
SECTION 1. The Executive Director shall issue a printed ballot on or before the first day of August, which shall contain the nominations made by the Nominating Committee of NEWWA and such other nominations as may have been received. This ballot shall be mailed to all Members entitled to vote.
SECTION 2. Election shall be by letter in a special ballot envelope, which shall be enclosed in a larger envelope and forwarded to the Executive Director or returned to a third party company through a different process approved by the Board of Directors at least two months prior to ballots being issued. The signature of the Member voting shall appear on the outer envelope or by an outside process approved by the Board of Directors. Ballots must be returned by September 1st and the polls will be closed on September 1st at 5:00 PM. The President shall appoint a Committee of three members, who shall certify the election results and report to the membership. Members entitled to vote. The Members receiving the highest number of votes for the offices for which they are candidates shall be declared elected. Should there be a tie vote, the President shall then order a ballot be taken at that Annual Conference to decide which of the candidates tied for that office shall be elected. The candidate receiving the largest number of votes shall be elected to that office.
ARTICLE VIII COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. The Board of Directors of NEWWA may from time to time appoint working committees as in its discretion it may determine, and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bylaws.
SECTION 2. Membership on all committees of the NEWWA, Inc., except joint committees with other organizations, shall be limited to Members in good standing. A representative appointed to a joint committee with other associations as a representative of NEWWA, Inc. may vote on such joint committees in the name of NEWWA, Inc.
ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS
SECTION 1. Proposed amendments to this Constitution must be submitted in writing to the Board of Directors of NEWWA, which, at its discretion, may present them to the NEWWA, Inc. for action, but the Board of Directors, at the written request of fifty members, shall bring before the NEWWA, Inc. any proposed amendment.
SECTION 2. Announcement of a proposed amendment which is recommended by the Board of Directors or by fifty Members of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be given by printing the amendment in the notice of a regular or special meeting at which action on the amendment is to be taken.
SECTION 3. A two-thirds vote of the Members present and voting shall be necessary for the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution.
SECTION 4. The Bylaws may be amended by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE X ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
SECTION 1. The Management of the affairs of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be vested in the Board of Directors of NEWWA.
SECTION 2. The Board of Directors shall create the appropriate working committees of the NEWWA, Inc. for its administration.
SECTION 3. The Executive Director shall prepare a budget and submit it to the Board of Directors, not later than April 1st, for the ensuing year, and the Board of Directors shall approve a budget for the coming fiscal year by a two-thirds vote of the Board members present. The Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors can amend the budget by a two-thirds vote of the Board members present. . The gross expenditures of NEWWA, Inc. funds shall not exceed the total amount of the budget without a vote of the Board of Directors amending the budget. The Board of Directors may, by a two-thirds vote, transfer unexpended balances of the budget. The accounts of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be audited by a certified public accountant not later than September 1st of each year.
SECTION 4. The Proceedings of the NEWWA, Inc. shall be published as the "Journal of the New England Water Works Association, Inc.," and shall be issued quarterly under the direction of the NEWWA, Inc.
ARTICLE XI APPROVAL BY NEWWA, INC.
SECTION 1. No official policy, standard, or specification shall be published as approved by the New England Water Works Association, Inc. until first approved by a majority vote of the Board of Directors. The NEWWA, Inc. shall have the power to approve or disapprove, by deletion of the NEWWA, Inc. endorsement, certain AWWA Standards.
SECTION 2. It shall be the responsibility of the Committee Chairman as a member of the AWWA Committee to recommend approval or disapproval of a standard developed by a committee for which he is the NEWWA, Inc. representative. The Board of Directors shall notify AWWA of the decision regarding approval or disapproval.
SECTION 3. Advisory statements or other correspondence relative to legislative, regulatory, public information and other such matters on the subject of water works policy and practice may be issued on behalf of the NEWWA, Inc. upon approval of a majority vote of the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE XII NEWWA, INC. DISSOLUTION
SECTION 1. Funds or property of NEWWA, Inc. shall be disposed of by transfer and distribution to one or more corporations, funds or foundations organized and operated in New England hereinafter referred to as the "receiving organization." The receiving organization shall:
which does not participate in, or intervene in (including the publishing or distributing of statements) any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public
SECTION 2. The receiving organization would then qualify under the provisions of Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, as they now exist or as they may hereafter be amended. Such receiving organization is to be selected by vote of the majority of the members of the NEWWA, Inc. at a meeting called for the purpose, or if for any reason such disposition cannot be affected, then such funds shall be so distributed pursuant to the order, judgement, or decree of a court having jurisdiction over the assets and property of the NEWWA, Inc.
ARTICLE XIII INTENT AS TO GENDER
As used throughout this Constitution, the terms chairman, he, him and the like are intended as a unisex term to all persons, whether male or female as the case may be.
ARTICLE XIV INDEMNIFICATION
SECTION 1. The Association provides indemnification. The Association shall indemnify any and all of its Eligible Persons as defined below against expenses (including attorneys fees and expenses), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement to the maximum extent and in all possible capacities or instances permitted by Massachusetts General laws. Eligible Persons for the purposes of all of this Article XIV shall mean its past, present and future Directors, officers, employees and agents. Agents of the Association shall include, without limitation, persons acting in the following capacities who are not otherwise indemnified as Directors, officers, or employees of the Association: (1) all members of the administrative, standing, working, and ad hoc committees serving under the Association's Executive Committee; and (2) all members of the Association's councils and divisions and their standing, working, and ad hoc committees; It is the intention of the Association that anyone acting on behalf of the Association be given all of the protections available as an agent under this Article XIV.


text:
Career Spotlight
A career designing pc and video games could seem also good to be accurate, but pc gaming programs at Ontario colleges can support make it happen. My game is going to be very diverse mechanically from theirs and need to supply an fascinating set of challenges for me. I have finalized the idea of the game, designed idea art and maps, have downloaded sources to modify to fit within the game, done an initial model of a single of the two game maps, and am working on generating far more total character models that will be used in the game and posters.
There are several feasible avenues and spin-offs for my game to evolve to. For instance, If the game is not enjoyable as just a card game, I could turn it into a board game exactly where points would be moving forward an added point rather, or probably it could turn into a drinking game where the points turn out to be sips and you can either take them yourself or pass it to yet another player.
The length of challenge could differ within games, for instance a short term challenge can be a kill X", exactly where x can be an enemy, a medium challenge might be, is gather X quantity of items", exactly where it may take a few minutes to gather the products that may be scattered about the game world, and a lengthy challenge could be get one hundred% on all challenges.
Games are usually classified by the components necessary to play them (e.g. miniatures , a ball , cards , a board and pieces , or a laptop ). In areas where the use of leather is properly established, the ball has been a well-known game piece throughout recorded history, resulting in a worldwide recognition of ball games such as rugby , basketball, football , cricket , tennis, and volleyball.
Also, if you start playtesting with strangers too early in the procedure, you could not get useful feedback – if your game prototype is in a rough state with only crude art and elements, for example, the playtesters could be so busy commenting on the poor good quality of the pieces that they will not be in a position to concentrate on the gameplay.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Redis EXECABORT Transaction discarded because of previous errors. (Redis::CommandError) Sidekiq rror I am using sidekiq 3.4.2 and redis 3.0.3 for some long running jobs and after about two~four hours I get the following error:

ERROR: heartbeat: EXECABORT Transaction discarded because of previous errors.
EXECABORT Transaction discarded because of previous errors.
  /home/deployer/apps/wripl-capture/shared/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/redis-3.2.1/lib/redis/pipeline.rb:79:in
  finish'
  /home/deployer/apps/wripl-capture/shared/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/redis-3.2.1/lib/redis/client.rb:149:in
  block in call_pipeline'
  /home/deployer/apps/wripl-capture/shared/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/redis-3.2.1/lib/redis/client.rb:279:in
  with_reconnect'
  /home/deployer/apps/wripl-capture/shared/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/redis-3.2.1/lib/redis/client.rb:147:in
  call_pipeline'
  /home/deployer/apps/wripl-capture/shared/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/redis-3.2.1/lib/redis.rb:2182:in
  block in multi'
  /home/deployer/apps/wripl-capture/shared/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/redis-3.2.1/lib/redis.rb:37:in
  block in synchronize'
  /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.1/lib/ruby/2.2.0/monitor.rb:211:in
  `mon_synchronize'

Everything is killed (no enqueued jobs ran) unless I restart sidekiq, which is not what I need to do.
Any idea what is happening?

A: This can also happen due to empty multi command.
running redis-cli monitor I saw
1546789398.881549 [0 the-ip] "multi"
1546789398.881575 [0 the-ip] "exec"

Before executing multi, make sure that you have at least 1 command to execute on the transaction.

A: I'd guess your Redis instance is out of memory.

A: multi block is suppressing the actual error message. Run your code without the multi block to see the original error message.
I tried to run the entire code in mutli block within a try/rescue block, it still didn't catch the exception.

A: Whatever command you are running through your code, try to run same commands through redis-cli.
You may get the actual error.
In my case actual error was :

HSET some_key some_field some_value
(error) NOREPLICAS Not enough good slaves to write.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


NEW YORK — Water vapor and clouds are the major contributors to Earth's greenhouse effect, but a new atmosphere-ocean climate modeling study shows that the planet's temperature ultimately depends on the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide.
A companion study led by GISS co-author Gavin Schmidt that has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Geophysical Research shows that carbon dioxide accounts for about 20 percent of the greenhouse effect, water vapor and clouds together account for 75 percent, and minor gases and aerosols make up the remaining five percent. However, it is the 25 percent non-condensing greenhouse gas component, which includes carbon dioxide, that is the key factor in sustaining Earth's greenhouse effect. By this accounting, carbon dioxide is responsible for 80 percent of the radiative forcing that sustains the Earth's greenhouse effect.
The climate forcing experiment described in Science was simple in design and concept — all of the non-condensing greenhouse gases and aerosols were zeroed out, and the global climate model was run forward in time to see what would happen to the greenhouse effect.
Without the sustaining support by the non-condensing greenhouse gases, Earth's greenhouse effect collapsed as water vapor quickly precipitated from the atmosphere, plunging the model Earth into an icebound state — a clear demonstration that water vapor, although contributing 50 percent of the total greenhouse warming, acts as a feedback process, and as such, cannot by itself uphold the Earth's greenhouse effect.
"Our climate modeling simulation should be viewed as an experiment in atmospheric physics, illustrating a cause and effect problem which allowed us to gain a better understanding of the working mechanics of Earth's greenhouse effect, and enabled us to demonstrate the direct relationship that exists between rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and rising global temperature," Lacis said.
The study ties in to the geologic record in which carbon dioxide levels have oscillated between approximately 180 parts per million during ice ages, and about 280 parts per million during warmer interglacial periods. To provide perspective to the nearly 1 C (1.8 F) increase in global temperature over the past century, it is estimated that the global mean temperature difference between the extremes of the ice age and interglacial periods is only about 5 C (9 F).
Interesting topic. Thanks for sharing.
Good article very much. Useful for people who did not know.
Thank you for sharing knowledge.
Webblog and would like to introduce air conditioning(Thai).
Recommend that your first forum. http://www.watcharaaircon.com.
The computer model makes no sense whatsoever.
First you MUST add extra energy to warm the world. CO2 and Water Vapor do not add energy.
Second, Adding CO2 constantly does NOT allow the temperature to go down. I have news for you . It goes DOWN every night and every winter etc. The CO2 model is absurd idiocy. Arrhenius blew it in his 1896 paper. see "Arrhenius Mis-Applied Basic Physics in 1896 Greenhouse Effect Paper" in http://www.scribd.com. He said more GHGs means more Warming. IT JUST AIN'T TRUE. Man adds CO2 at night, when the temperature goes down. When it rains more GHG WV does NOT result in warming.
CO2 and water vapor, neither of them add energy to the world. It is flat impossible for them to cause warming without adding more energy.
Now when you add an extra energy photon to either you get imcreased Greenhouse Effect warming, but since there is excess GHGs in the air & lots more left over in the ocean, then the amount of warming is limited by the amount of energy photons.
Third, there is excess CO2 and WV in the air, let alone the rest available in the ocean. Whenever the temperature decreases daily more GHGs that were causing the GHE warming are no longer in use, and they become even more excess GHGs in the air.
When the supposed feedback model adds CO2 that CO2 just becomes more excess CO2 in the air. There is no warming because ALL of the photons are already maximized in use. There are NO MORE photons available to cause more CO2 warming, or feedback effects. In fact there is so much excess WV in the air that any photon that is added will use one of those airborne GHGs instead of waiting for man to generate CO2 to then generate more feedback. Mankind has nothing to do with the GHE warming. There is no feedback effect.
See ww.scribd.com "Gravity cause Climate Change" for more info. This explains why the eccentricity of the planets results in variable potential energy as a source of photons and this causes the Earth's temperature variations.
GISS claims that there is no identified source of added energy to account for the real increased warming since the 70s, as the Solar insolation has been essentially constant. WELL there iit is. Gravitational Potential Energy. It dwarfs the solar insolation and actually controls the warming cooling cycles.
Please withdraw your paper and return the funding. It is a fraud.
I want to let ScienceBlog know that I appreciated having the link to the actual article, without having to search it out myself.
The evidence for the correlation between global climate change and carbon dioxide is overwhelming. Even as our climate becomes increasingly unstable now (this year is shaping up to be the warmest in recorded history, with significant flooding and drought, forest fires, etc. world-wide), we continue to increase our use of fossil fuels. Added to that, it takes time for gases produced by us through the use of fossil fuels to reach the atmosphere and have an effect on our climate. Even if humans were wiped off the face of the planet today, CO2 levels would continue to increase in the atmosphere for decades to come. As more and more evidence comes out about our impact on the climate, the more pressing it becomes that we need to act on it. We already know that our actions can manipulate our climate. We need to shift our focus to manipulating it in a way that most benefits human existence.
I refuse to sell my soul on the CO2 issue. The new energy we need now is love, not windmills. I am a progressive-liberal and a former CO2 theory believer and now a part of the rising wave of GREEN "CO2 fear mongering" deniers. I suggest you faded doomers do the same. The Carbon issue was our Iraq War of WMD lies and obviously, as we see now, wasn't sustainable with the consensus that counts, with the voters.. So were we the new neocons. We told our kids they wouldn't have children because there was a climate emergency that "they" needed to fight it to survive. We acted like fear mongering climate cowards condemning our children's future to a "Death by CO2". Climate change has done to us what Bush did to the Republican neocons. Are you embarrassed yet? Good. Now it's safe to say that climatologists and journalists were to science and journalism what abusive priests were to the Catholic Church. Worse still, the Green movement hated "ANYONE" with money, wealth and waste. Not just Jews, as the "you know who's" did.
Preserve, protect and respect the planet, not save and rescue it from a false war.
We should have stopped spreading fear and lies like we were Bush Jr. babies and instead lead by example for our kids by facing the future with courage, not fear!
Lets' be REAL liberals again: SYSTEM CHANGE, NOT CLIMATE CHANGE.
Birth Control, not Climate Control.


If Austin truly excels at one thing, it's at forming lines. If two people loiter outside a restaurant for more than a minute, a throng quickly forms. Maybe we are afraid of missing out or looking like we're not in the know. Maybe as our culinary options increase, we become all too quickly bored, treating dining out as an endless scavenger hunt. Check to check to check.
So it didn't particularly surprise me to hear that queues were forming outside of Chi'Lantro, Jae Kim's brick-and-mortar expansion of his fledgling food truck empire. The name recognition alone practically demanded that. But the composition of the crowds seemed a bit different. Sure, there was the usual smattering of sport diners, young couples on an endless date. But there was also a steady stream of high school or college spring breakers, paying a (slight) premium over national eateries. They are not exactly the usual suspects.
It's true that there's surprising distance between Austin's McDonald's and Subways, the chains separated by our much better homegrown versions. We take for granted that so many of our everyday options (everything from P. Terry's to VertsKebap to Pluckers Wing Bar) are local. And true, it's no secret that millennials have a much broader palate than the preceding generation that gave us Pearl Jam and Cool Ranch. But popular culture would have us believe that palate is just screaming for novelty, a squirt of sriracha on an otherwise bland base. But there's nothing dull about anything at Chi'Lantro. Industry types would be wise to take notice.
For one thing, the lively dining room is easily reproducible. There's not much to it: some lumber, white subway tile, paint, and shellac. A mural/word cloud in the entry pays homage to Chi'Lantro's mobile roots, a few scattered plants punctuate, and candied mesh chairs provide most of the color (the origami-inspired seats pictured on the website have already been replaced – perhaps victims of overuse). It all gives the tight space effortless identity. It's just the right energy for a place with high turnover, even if such smart design (witness how the boards subtly point the customer to the ordering counter) isn't absolutely necessary in a strip mall. But above-and-beyond turned out to be a theme.
Chi'Lantro is technically fast casual, but an evolution of that hollow industry term. There's a depth of flavor in most of the dishes that can only come from time. Even at peak times, one can get in and out with lightning speed, but that's where comparisons to places like Chipotle end. First, there's craft beer on tap and a decent wine selection. And the staff is inordinately friendly – Hare Krishnas in the airport friendly. One would be hard-pressed to find another restaurant in this category that offers you dessert or another Topo Chico as they clear your table.
One would also be hard-pressed to find another fast casual restaurant so devoted to prep. Case in point is the K-Pops (6 for $7.50), carefully frenched where a Buffalo-style wing would work. Chi'Lantro luxuriates theirs in Gangnam sauce or honey butter. Esquites ($5.25), served as a dip, subs a proprietary "magic sauce" for mayonnaise, adding yet one more step. Even the pickles ($2 as a side) are made in-house. This is not an operation that cuts corners.
That's even more evident in the meat choices. The spicy pork in the rice bowl ($6.99) had little resolve, breaking apart with a slight fork poke, but the big flavor offset the milder rice and fried egg. Rib eye bulgogi worked nicely in the simple tacos (2 for $7), although a house-made corn tortilla would have been nice. In the burger ($6.99), the beef is practically pugilistic, quickly cutting through Cheddar, onion, fried egg, and more of that magic sauce. None of those compare to the kimchi fries ($6.99), a stoner masterpiece with caramelized kimchi, sharp cheese, and sriracha (among other flavors). It's Kim's signature dish, and it is equally good with chicken, pork, beef, or marinated tofu.
The one dessert option, Bunchi' ($4), a doughnut-style bun filled with a generous scoop of green tea ice cream is one of the best things on the menu, using salt to take the ache off the glaze. We were less impressed by the kimchi fried rice balls ($6), endlessly poppable arancini that could have used another spoonful of gochujang. But that won't keep us from ordering them again; they were still light and greaseless. And everything else may be just what we have been waiting for.


text:
Q: Debian installer - customize busybox and live system/environment I'm trying to reinstall Debian on a netbook and do it without sloppy tricks so that I can repeat the process if necessary. Specifically, I'm trying to customize the installer to include the wifi firmware for the network adapter (non-free, so I had to include it manually) which I did successfully (by placing the deb in the firmware folder in the iso's root) but I still need to have some way to limit the download speed while the installer runs. I normally use wondershaper for this, so I tried placing the deb in the pool/main/w/wondershaper folder but that obviously doesn't work (as that directory is for what gets installed in the final system).
So I tried to see if I could somehow run it from the installer terminal, but busybox doesn't even include ifconfig in the standard debian build, so I need to replace that busybox. No searching so far has yielded any clues as to what goes into the live installer system (not the installed system but the one the installer runs on top of). I've googled and searched the debian wikis but they don't seem to have information on how to modify what gets loaded here. Searching the iso also yields no answers as the only busybox is the package that goes into the installed system. The instructions mention the .disk directory in the iso's root, which has inclusion and exclusion lists for packages, but they aren't for what gets loaded during installation. Searching SE also yields no specifics on this question. To be clear, I do not want to automate anything aka preseed the installer (which is what I understand preseeding is). Also, I know how to get the desired busybox build (their ftp has prebuilt binaries that include what I need), so no problems there, I just don't know where to put it.
Here's some links I've read:

*

*DebianInstaller/Modify/CD

*installer
hooks

*modifying the iso

*DebianCustomCD

*DebianInstaller Modify

*customize and pack a debian image

*Installation of my custom debian iso failed

*How to custom build debian's busybox?

*What packages are installed by default in Debian? Is there a term for that set? Why some of those packages are `automatically installed` and some not?

*How to create a custom debian liveCD (customize which packages are preinstalled)?
tl;dr: How does one customize the system/environment that gets loaded during the debian installation?

A: (Can't accept my own answer yet, nor can I unfortunately upvote Faheem for the pointer due to low rep - will do when possible)
Faheem Mitha pointed me in the right direction, mentioning the mailing lists. I searched them and it turns out I just didn't know how Debian boots:
the initrd.gz file is where all the stuff is, that gets loaded as the base system. To open it, you need to use gzip (obviously) and cpio.
In fact, here's the entire procedure lol :P
DebianInstaller/EditIso
I linked to this in the OP, but I thought it had to do with preseeding and had no idea where to look to modify the base system anyway. Once I found out that the initrd file was what I needed to change, these instructions made a lot more sense :P
By following the instructions, you can get the base file system, replace or change whatever you want (in my case I simply manually installed some debs where they wanted to be) and then repackage the initrd properly, put it back where you got it from and rebuild the iso file.
Just remember, there's an initrd.gz for the graphical and non-graphical installer separately!


This book focuses on the theoretical, policy and practice linkages and disjunctures between tourism and the creative industries. There are clear and strong intersections between the sectors, for example in the development and application of new and emerging media in tourism; festivals and cultural events showcasing the creative identity of place; tours and place identities associated with film, TV, music and arts tourism; as well as particular destinations being promoted on the basis of their 'creative' endowments such as theatre breaks, art exhibitions and fashion shows. Tourism and the Creative Industries explores a variety of relationships in one volume and offers innovative and critical insights into how creative industries and tourism together contribute to place identity, tourist experience, destination marketing and management. The book is aligned with the sectors that have been demarcated by the UK Government Department of Culture, Media and Sport as comprising the creative industries: advertising and marketing; architecture; design and designer fashion; film, TV, video, radio and photography; IT, software and computer services; publishing and music; performing and visual arts. The title of this volume demonstrates how the exclusion of tourism from the creative industries is arguably perverse, given that much of the work by destination managers and of private sector tourism is characterised by creativity and innovation. Interdisciplinary research and international context bring a broader perspective on how the creative industries operate in varying cultural and policy contexts in relation to tourism. This book brings together the parallel and disparate inter-disciplinary fields of tourism and the creative industries and will be of interest to students, academics and researchers interested in tourism, creative industries, marketing and management.


text:
LASU: Lagos Environment Commissioner's wife, Prof. Ibiyemi Bello emerges new VC
Prof. Ibiyemi Olatunji-Bello has emerged as the new Vice-Chancellor of the Lagos State University (LASU).
The don is the wife of ex-Secretary to the State Government and current Commissioner for Environment, Tunji Bello.
Ibiyemi becomes the ninth LASU VC after months of an intriguing selection process.
In May, Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu canceled the exercise and fired the institution's council for not following extant rules.
Until now, Ibiyemi, a Professor of Medicine, was LASU acting VC.
Born April 23, 1964, she attended Anglican Girl Grammar School, Surulere, 1974-1979; Methodist Girls High School, Yaba; Lagos College of Science and Technology.
She also schooled at the University of lbadan, 1982-85; University of Lagos, 1987 and University of Texas, Health Science Centre, San Antonio, USA, 1994-1998.
Ibiyemi was an Assistant Lecturer, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba; Lecturer, 1988; Lecturer 11, 1991; Lecturer 1, 1996; Senior Lecturer 1999.
The new VC became an Associate Professor in 2005; Professor of Physiology, LASU College of Medicine, 2007, and Deputy Vice-Chancellor, LASU since 2008.


text:
Format: Vinyl - Indie Exclusive
Label: MERGE RECORDS
Gold Past Life [Indie Exclusive Limited Edition LP]
Artist: Fruit Bats
1. The Bottom of It
2. Gold Past Life
3. Drawn Away
4. Cazadera
6. Your Dead Grandfather
7. A Lingering Love
8. Barely Living Room
9. Mandy from Mohawk (Wherever You May Be)
10. Dream Would Breathe
11. Two Babies In Michigan
Gold Past Life marks both an end and a beginning for Fruit Bats. It's the end of an unintentional thematic trilogy of records that began with 2014's EDJ (a solo record by name, but a Fruit Bats release in spirit) and hit an emotional peak with 2016's Absolute Loser. They encompassed years of loss, displacement, and the persistent, low-level anxiety of the current political climate. They were written in the wake of friends who left these earthly confines and families that could have been. But these salves, these songs on Gold Past Life, also represent new beginnings-the journeys that await after making it through troubled times. Gold Past Life is about rejecting notions of idealized nostalgia ("Gold Past Life") and the process of grounding oneself in the present, both geographically ("A Lingering Love," "Ocean") and spiritually ("Drawn Away"). With Gold Past Life, Eric Johnson of Fruit B hopes to bring more immediacy to the music and share positivity, hope, and motivation to keep on keepin' on with a wider audience.


Jess Magic, far right, leads a Soul Salon in New York, June 22, 2018.
A member of the audience at a Soul Salon led by Jess Magic in New York, June 22, 2018. Photo Credit: Zak Krevitt/The New York Times.
Magic is now extending her song beyond Silicon Valley, with a 10-city tour (a mix of private salons and public events, starting at $35) stretching from the summer solstice to the fall equinox.
Magic looked ready to jam with the "Exile on Main St."-era Rolling Stones, wearing skintight bell bottoms and platforms, and admitted to being nervous.
"One of the reasons why I do what I do, and why I am, honestly, on this planet, is to show up with such a level of vulnerability and sincerity and authenticity, that it almost gives people permission to let it go for a little while," she said.
Whatever the topic, Magic speaks with a faraway sense of wonder, her hazel eyes seeming to sparkle. When the singing commenced, Magic invited the assembled to sit on the floor in a semicircle, where a musician named Elijah Ray droned a mystical tune that called to mind images of saffron robes and singing bowls.
As the music swirled, Charles Eisenstein, a proponent of what he calls "sacred economics," talked about the unending human injury to Mother Earth. "If you knew she could feel, would you stop?" he said.
At first, the audience sat silent, seemingly puzzled. But slowly people began to clap their hands and sway to the beat. A man with a floppy hat and wizardlike robe began to gyrate around the dance floor.
"It's Burning Man in Chelsea," one observer said.


text:
Raphaël Romey (born 26 February 1981) is a French professional footballer who currently plays as a defender for Fréjus Saint-Raphaël.

Kerala Blasters
On 21 August 2014, Romey was drafted by Indian Super League side Kerala Blasters.

References

External links
Raphaël Romey career statistics at foot-national.com

1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Seoul
French footballers
Association football defenders
Grenoble Foot 38 players
ASOA Valence players
FC Échirolles players
SO Cassis Carnoux players
US Marseille Endoume players
Athlético Marseille players
SO Romorantin players
SC Toulon players
Aviron Bayonnais FC players
Gazélec Ajaccio players
CA Bastia players
Ligue 2 players
Kerala Blasters FC players
Kerala Blasters FC draft picks
FC Istres players

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This activity applies waterfall and incremental processes to build an arch bridge, gives students an opportunity to experience these processes first-hand, and contrasts their differences. Students will be able to see the impact of change (stemming from new requirements, and/or test failures) on a successful completion of a project. This activity can be used as both a formal introduction to software processes, and as a reinforcement mechanism to showcase the difference between the waterfall and incremental processes.
Apply the basic principles of acceptance and regression testing.
Basic familiarity with the concept of a software process.
This activity works equally well for small and large groups, which need to broken up into teams of 3-5 participants. It is best to have several teams to create multiple bridges. This will provide better support for the learning objectives of this activity.
Each team needs a separate building space (a large table), with or without chairs. LEGO bricks should be divided equally among all teams.
Each team needs a separate set with a large number of standard (2x2, 2x3, 2x4, up to 2x8) bricks. This forces students to build smaller/simpler bridges. Suitable sets include LEGO Classic boxes, such as LEGO Classic Large Creative Brick Box 10698.
One sufficiently large baseplate for each team, which will serve as a foundation and would determine the river width. Suitable baseplates include 10714 or 10700.
The facilitator will need one or more additional sets for testing the bridges. These may include a small car, a construction vehicle, and one or two boats.
Handouts: images of arch bridges (see below).
Blank paper and pencils for each team to sketch the bridge designs.
Present the problem: each team is building an arch bridge.
Use only standard bricks sized 2x2 to 2x8. Do not use any plates.
This would force students to build smaller arches.
River width is given by a sufficiently wide platform (same size for each team).
All arches are built in parallel.
The bridge must be symmetric about the vertical axis going through its center.
There must be exactly three arches.
The idea is that is the arches are of the same size, the large boat wouldn't pass through. This will be revealed during testing, which would force students to build one big and two smaller arches.
Be economical. Do not use too many bricks, do not build thick walls/arches.
Show students several pictures of arch bridges of different designs. Arches can be round, square, triangular, etc.
If students ask about the target width of the bridge, tell them that it must be at least one brick wide. If they ask what cars will be traveling over the bridge, tell them that we don't know yet what kind of traffic this bridge will attract (or that the vehicles are still being constructed).
Specification (analysis/design): give the teams 1 minute to brainstorm and draw a design. If there are multiple teams, do not let them share their design.
Development (construction): teams build the entire bridge from start to finish. Students are not allowed to deviate from their design. Time: 9 minutes.
Validation (testing): test with a car (have 2 different sizes). Also, try two cars moving over the bridge in opposite directions. Also, try placing something heavy (e.g. a water bottle) on the bridge. Aim to make the bridge fail the test. It's OK if the bridge top does not connect with the table—test if the car can move on top of the bridge, not get on the bridge.
Mention that this testing represents how the customer understands the requirements.
Evolution (deployment/feedback): debrief–ask students to explain what happened.
It is difficult to make changes without redesigning or rebuilding the whole solution.
Columns—the straight part of the arch (test whether a boat passes in between).
Rest of the arches so that they are closed (test whether a boat with a tall load passes under).
Surface of the bridge (test whether it's wide enough for one or two cars to pass).
Specification: ask to review/update the design for the current iteration.
Development: teams build what's planned for this iteration. Also fix any bugs from the previous iteration. 3 minutes for each iteration.
Validation: acceptance testing of the current feature + regression testing of all previous features. Use a boat (have 2 boats of different size) or two boats passing under the bridge at the same time.
Reiterate that this represents how the customer understands the requirements.
Evolution: debrief – ask what happened.
Most teams should be able to build acceptable bridges within the time constraints. The amount of necessary rework was manageable. Changing requirements were reflected by using new and previously unexpected test cases.
Start a discussion with a question: which process was better suited for building a fully functional bridge and why?
The first build (waterfall) had little effect on the second build (incremental) because a different set of test cases was used.
The overall amount of building time is the same. But it may seem that there was more time during the waterfall process because students didn't have to fix any flaws from the previous iterations. The result is in the overall quality. If there are multiple teams, compare the number of accepted bridges constructed using waterfall and using the incremental process.
Using different vehicles and boats for testing represented the changing requirements.
Generally, since each iteration is focused on a specific aspect/functionality of the system, it is easier to focus on details. In waterfall, these details may not receive adequate attention.
Be clear about the requirements. It may be necessary to reiterate them before building the second bridge, or at least, to state that the requirements have not changed and are still the same.
Make sure that all team members participate in building the bridge.
Do not spend too much time testing each bridge. It's easy to get lost in details and the activity would lose its momentum. Each testing phase (one in the waterfall process and three in the incremental process) should not take more than one minute per team.
This is a team-based activity. It has been run successfully with various number of students ranging from five to over thirty. The vast majority of work is done by teams in parallel. The only possible bottleneck that requires the instructor's interaction with each team is during testing. As noted above, it's important not to linger too long with each team during the testing phases of the activity.


The playing fields include seven softball fields, five baseball fields, and nine soccer fields at Elm Avenue Park including Line Drive. These areas are generally reserved for community teams in the evenings and weekends from April through October. The field areas are generally available on weekdays until 5 p.m. Town-based organizations may reserve playing fields by contacting the Parks and Recreation Office. A field request form, a certificate of insurance naming the Town of Bethlehem as the additional insured, and a complete practice and game schedule are required for reservations.
View the park map to find the locations of all playing fields.
All playing fields, concession areas, and seating areas are tobacco-free zones. Thank you for your cooperation.


text:
Q: What does & 0xff do And MD5 Structure? import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

public class JavaMD5 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String passwordToHash = "MyPassword123";
        String generatedPassword = null;
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            md.update(passwordToHash.getBytes());
            byte[] bytes = md.digest();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
                sb.append(Integer.toString((bytes[i] & 0xff) + 0x100, 16).substring(1));
            }
            generatedPassword = sb.toString();

        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(generatedPassword);
    }
}

This line is the problem :
sb.append(Integer.toString((bytes[i] & 0xff) + 0x100, 16).substring(1));

what does each part do in  this structure????
Thanks and I'm sorry for asking Beacuse I'm new in java.

A: It's a really messy way of translating to a hexadecimal string.

*

*& 0xFF performs a binary AND, causing the returning value to be between 0 and 255 (which a byte always is anyway)

*+ 0x100 adds 256 to the result to ensure the result is always 3 digits

*Integer.toString(src, 16) converts the integer to a string with helix 16 (hexadecimal)

*Finally .substring(1) strips the first character (the 1 from step 2)

So, this is a very elaborate and obfuscated way to convert a byte to an always 2-character hexadecimal string.

A: Presumably most of the code is clear and the only mystery for you here is this expression:
(bytes[i] & 0xff) + 0x100

The first part:
bytes[i] & 0xff

widens the byte at position i to an int value with zeros in bit positions 8-31. In Java, the byte data type is a signed integer value, so the widening sign-extends the value. Without the & 0xff, values greater than 0x7f would end up as negative int values. The rest is then fairly obvious: it adds 0x100, which simply turns on the bit at index 8 (since it is guaranteed to be 0 in (bytes[i] & 0xff). It is then converted to a hex String value by the call to Integer.toString(..., 16).
The reason for first adding 0x100 and then stripping off the 1 (done by the substring(1) call, which takes the substring starting at position 1 through the end) is to guarantee two hex digits in the end result. Otherwise, byte values below 0x10 would end up as one-character strings when converted to hex.
It's debatable whether all that has better performance (it certainly isn't clearer) than:
sb.append(String.format("%02x", bytes[i]));


text:
Royal Fans Noticed A Massive Mistake Buckingham Palace Made After Releasing Archie's Christening Photos
Archie's christening has been all over the news despite the veil of secrecy surrounding it. The two official photographs Meghan and Harry shared after the special day made quite a stir online for many reasons.
A post shared by The House of Sussex (@harry_meghan_updates) on Jul 6, 2019 at 8:17am PDT
First, the Sussex couple has been accused of lying about their son's age as fans are certain the baby on the photos looks too old to be 2 months old.
But then, the most attentive royal watchers noticed a massive error Buckingham Palace made when posting the official snaps on Instagram.
Huge mistake
The royal family shared a new official portrait of the Sussex couple with their son and other royals invited to the christening.
A post shared by The Duke and Duchess of Sussex (@sussexroyal) on Jul 6, 2019 at 8:14am PDT
In the rush to share a snap on all royal social media accounts, it appears the Buckingham Palace's staff made a big mistake in the process when it came to naming people.
The snap featured Princess Diana's sisters, Lady Jane Fellowes and Lady Sarah McCorquodale. The ladies got mixed up and a lot of people noticed it.
A post shared by The Sussex Household 👑👑 (@keepingupwithsussex__) on Jul 6, 2019 at 7:42pm PDT
Royal expert Victoria Arbiter was the first to report the error. She wrote:
Eek both Clarence House and Buckingham Palace named Diana's sisters the wrong way round! Lady Jane is standing next to Doria and Lady Sarah is next to William.
Since then, the original post was corrected, but the blunder was already all over the social media.
There were people missing from the family photo
Even though Kate and William attended Archie's christening, fans expected to see their adorable kids as well but they, sadly, were nowhere to be seen.
It appears that the Cambridge children were left at home because of the extremely private nature of the gathering. What a shame!