A spot for all things that "make up" who I am and what I enjoy. Please join me on my journey of health, wellness, self love, crafting fails, wild ideas, and so much more. Be prepared for a raw and real journey. No judgments, no filter – JUST ME!
So we only have 1 pet here in the Curtis household. A creepy bearded dragon named Rex. And let me start off by saying, he was definitely NOT my idea. I have always wanted a pet. But I think it was more of the idea of a pet. I am pretty lazy and always knew that having a pet would mean more work on my part.. and let's be honest here– I don't want any extra work.
I really just think Rex hates the cold. He hates the fact that I keep breaking his damn UV light and that because of that he has trouble digesting his food sometimes. He hates the fact that the ones who REALLY should be taking care of him are too busy hanging out, playing video games, making a mess, not cleaning their rooms, or brushing their teeth.
Oh– and don't mind the red picture– seeing as how I broke his last light, He has his nocturnal light on ALL the time!!
On that note… is any one looking for a gross dragon lizard looking thing for their home??


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Tehran, Iran—Relax. This is not a scary report about the threat posed by Iran's gaining nuclear weapons.
On the contrary, I'm telling a happy tale about a special kind of culinary charity called nazr that occurs in Iran.
Traveling about this fascinating country, once known as Persia, I ate well, yes, but mostly I ate thoughtfully. Persian cuisine, you see, is highly symbolic: a humble plate of rice can be considered a prayer.
Nazr is an Arabic word which means "an offering" or "to make a spiritual vow." It is a supplication to God, in which the faithful offers something less valuable in hopes of receiving something of higher value in return. Charity is a key pillar of Islam, and the Qur'an is filled with stories of people doing acts of nazr, such as fasting, or assisting the needy. One of the most popular forms this custom takes in Iran, however, is practiced primarily by women and involves cooking for others.
Usually motivated by the perceived need of an immediate family member, a nazr might represent the wish for a daughter to conceive, recover from an illness, or find a good husband. Then again, a son may require a spouse, a good job, or divine protection from such misfortunes as illness, injury and unemployment.
To make her wish come true, an Iranian woman will strike a quite specific deal with God. She pledges to make a particular type of food that she will distribute to a specified number of people, for a certain number of days in the future. Usually, she'll pick the anniversary of her prayer request being answered, and then cook for others on that date for the next five or ten years, or longer.
I saw first-hand how this works when I arrived in Yazd, a city in central Iran, and dined in the house of a woman named Maryam. A conservative Muslim, she was dressed in a chador, or the full, body-concealing black robe women are required to wear in Iran since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, when the Ayatollah Khomeini overthrew Shah Pahlavi.
Maryam held her chador shut at her chin with one hand, so she did all her cooking with her other, free hand. She worked alongside a gas cook top, with the flame turned quite high; I was worried the fabric of her chador would catch fire. Her cooking utensils were modest tin, and quite battered from much hard use. She used no measuring spoons or cups; everything was added with a practiced dispatch. One of her secret ingredients, she divulged, was home-made tomato paste—she'd cut up tomatoes, left them in the sun to dry out for three or four days, then pureed them with olive oil.
What was the reason for her nazr, I asked? What was the wish she wanted from God?
Every year since then, on the anniversary of his return to health, Maryam cooks enough to feed approximately 150 poor people. She intends to continue doing this, annually, for the rest of her life. Maryam did not appear to find this in any way remarkable.
In a society where women face blatant prejudice and daily reminders that they are considered second class citizens, cooking a nazr is empowering, and makes them feel they have some influence over their destiny.
In fact, just at this moment, a young girl showed up at Maryam's door bringing a small dish of halvah—a fudge made from sugar, lard, nutmeg and cinnamon.
The custom is common among rich and poor Iranian women alike; those who are better off, however, will usually cook a more elaborate nazr in terms of decorations and types of food served.
A nazr, however, can be something simple. Iranians have a taste for dates, almonds, or apricots that are picked green before they are ripened, and eaten with salt. They adore super-sugary candies (called "sweeties") made with rose water, cardamom, and coconut. And every Iranian town has its own recipe for turning out hot, crispy flatbreads. More complicated dishes might be a hearty soup called ash, or beryani (lamb meat cooked with almonds), or fesenjan, made with walnuts, pomegranate and chicken.
As I learned more about nazr, it began to make sense that this devotional practice should be so beloved by Iranian women. In a society where women face blatant prejudice and daily reminders that they are considered second class citizens, cooking a nazr is empowering, and makes them feel they have some influence over their destiny.
Consider these facts. On Iran's public transportation, women must ride at the back of the bus. A woman's opinion is worth half of a man's in a court of law. Women can have no contact with men to whom they are not related—even a handshake—without the presence of a male relative. Women are not allowed to be on the street, unaccompanied by a man. Given these deprivations, is it any wonder that women hope a home-cooked meal might influence things to go their way? You've heard the old cliche: "the way to a man's heart is through his stomach." The thinking of an Iranian nazr is similar, only it is God's stomach which is being enticed.
This certainly was my experience. In fact, I was quite moved by the startling friendliness of Iranians I experienced. Not many foreign tourists visit Tehran, and especially not from the United States, a country with which Iran has no diplomatic relations. Yet, people on the street smiled, waved hello, and sometimes literally rushed up to me. When they learned I lived in New York, their grins and eyes would widen simultaneously. "Obama!" they would say. Or, "America. Good Country!" From those who spoke more English, I got the sense that they are as embarrassed of President Ahmadinejad, as many Americans once were of George W. Bush.
If you really want to feel the love, however, you need to be invited into an Iranian family's house for a meal. This is not all that hard to manage. In slightly less than two weeks of traveling there, I was asked to a meal three separate times, and twice by total strangers.
"Like an Iranian, of course," I immediately replied.
This made her very happy. She spread out a plastic tablecloth in the center of her living room floor, and then placed a fine cloth over the plastic. She served her family and me a plate of rice topped with stuffed peppers in pomegranate sauce. The best thing about dining on the floor is that when you overeat, as you'll be forced to do by any self-respecting Iranian woman, you can simply lie down and stretch out at the meal's end.
My hostess explained to me that cooking a nazr is not only a spiritual practice, but makes psychological sense, too.
If the truth be told, though, Iranian women tend to cook for a big crowd, even when the number of guests is relatively small. One night, for instance, in the enchanting city of Shiraz, I was invited to a dinner party for eight, and our hostess probably made enough to feed three times as many. Before dinner, we sipped scaldingly hot tea and nibbled sohan, a crunchy, sweet Iranian confection made from butter, honey, saffron, sugar and pistachio that's something like a praline. I asked a few of the other guests what sorts of food they would make for a nazr.
As we chatted about Persian recipes, I wondered aloud about how there seemed to be saffron put into everything—sweet or savory. Oh, yes, the ladies agreed, saffron is not only good tasting, but good for you.
"It steadies your nerves," one woman claimed.
These were affluent, and quite cultured women. I got the impression, for them, nazr is a kind of benign superstition, like saying "bless you" after someone sneezes. Indeed, they wanted to be sure I understood that nazr is not a Muslim custom, but something that probably originated in Zoroastrianism, a religion which began here in Persia in the 6th century BC, long before it was marginalized by the Arab invasion nearly a thousand years later.
Another woman mentioned Persepolis, the ceremonial capital from the 6th century BC, ruins of which are only a few dozen miles from where we were sitting. I'd visited this UNESCO World Heritage site earlier that day and learned Darius the Great, as well as his son, Xerxes, would come to Persepolis each Spring to receive tributes from all the lands and peoples under their rule.
After dinner, a man named Kvos, drove me back to my hotel, and I asked him if it was typical in Iran to serve sweets before a meal, as a kind of appetizer, as his sister had that evening. No, he replied. This is only the case on special occasions, say a wedding, or some other festive meal. The ladies were spoiling me, he implied.
We do things differently at festive meals in the United States, I explained, where typically we offer salty snacks as hors d'oeuvres, which cause people to become thirsty. Thus, they drink more alcohol, get into a happier mood, and the party becomes more jolly. Kvos smiled, ruefully, and assured me he is very well aware of how a "cocktail hour" functions, since things worked the same in Iran until the Islamic revolution.
As it happens, The Park Hotel, where I am staying, was once the pride of Shiraz. Now it is a hard-worn spot, grimy and charmless, but Kvos recalls when it was first built, in the late 1960s, he spent many happy afternoons there, sitting by the pool in the courtyard (the pool is long gone), sipping whiskey and admiring girls in their bikinis. He finds it incredible, and I quite agree, that in his lifetime, the clock has been turned backwards in Iran, making it now a serious crime to get a little tipsy while ogling pretty girls on a lazy summer afternoon.
For many weeks after I returned to New York, I thought of all the marvelous things I'd seen in Iran. There were the handicrafts, such as blue and white painted pottery, and Persian rugs and kilims! And, the gloriously exuberant architecture. (By the way, Esfahan, a city built four centuries ago, its enchanting old town still mostly intact, must be one of the most dazzling spots on earth.) Mostly though, I kept musing upon how Iranian women volunteer to cook for others.
My thoughts would return to Maryam, and her pledge to God to make food once a year for 150 people for the rest of her life—all prepared in the tiny kitchen of her small cottage.
Everything in her house was spotlessly clean, even though four people (Maryam, Amir, and their two small daughters) all lived, ate and slept together in one room, where there were a few well-worn carpets on the floor and throw pillows leaning up against the walls. It was here, after I'd watched her prepare our lunch, that we sat down together to tuck into lamb cooked with yellow split peas, and an eggplant stew called bademjan. With not much arm-twisting from Maryam, I ate seconds, then a third helping—as did her husband, Amir. Soon enough, completely unselfconsciously, Amir put his plate aside, lay back on the floor, and folded his hands on top of his ample belly. Within seconds, he was asleep.
Maryam smiled. She then turned a fond gaze towards Amir, who was snoring softly. This sound, this proof that he was alive, provided the only answer to my question.
I'll give Persian chef Najmieh Batmanglij, the final word.


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The 7 x 11 inch Acrylic Sign Holders with Clamps that allow your message or ad to stand out to customers. These holders are an inexpensive and effective way for customers to see what's happening with your business. The holders are easy to move and clamp to any sturdy structure. Post your message or ad to the holder and attract customers. This specific holder measures 7 x 11 and is ideal for any 7 x 11 retail signs.
The best thing about these is ease of use. The clip on is so fast....much better than having to screw on. We have ordered these before and will surely be ordering more in the future.
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At shows and fairs customer will walk right by a booth if they can't immediately determine what is being sold. This size sign will let them know what I'm selling and can be seen from across an aisle and further. More customers equals more sales.
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We do clearance sale once in while and acrylic sign holder is the perfect thing to have on rack. Saves money on price tag.


We did it in the lobby of the Public Theater…not a real venue or stage, but it worked fine.
[Choir! Choir! Choir! mastermind] Daveed [Goldman] first comes on stage and does some warm up—He and Nobu [Adilman] (who conducts the "audience") tell jokes and get everyone comfortable, then they ask everyone to sing along to a song that everyone knows. No arrangement or parts learned at this point—just singing along. No pressure. They did Bowie's "Space Oddity," which everyone joined in on, all singing along with the lead. It was not only a nice vocal warm up, but psychologically it got everyone used to the idea of singing in front of others and gave everyone a taste of the physical and psychological euphoria to come.
A couple of things I immediately noticed. There is a transcendent feeling in being subsumed and surrendering to a group. This applies to sports, military drills, dancing… and group singing. One becomes a part of something larger than oneself, and something in our makeup rewards us when that happens. We cling to our individuality, but we experience true ecstasy when we give it up.
The second thing that happens involves the physical act of singing. I suspect the regulated breathing involved in singing, the act of producing sound and opening one's mouth wide calls many many neural areas into play. The physical act, I suspect, releases endorphins as well. In singing, we get rewarded by both mind and body.
No one has to think about any of the above—we "know" these things instinctively. Anyone who has attended a gospel church service, for example, does not need to be told what this feels like.
So, the reward experience is part of the show.


text:
Q: Fetching Paginated Entity with Collection Consider two entities Person which has a one-to-many collection Vehicles
public class Person
{
    public IList<Vehicle> Vehicles { get; set;}
}

public class Vehicle
{
   public string Name { get; set;}

   public Person Owner { get; set; }
}

I display a grid of Persons having vehicle and show the name of the first vehicle in the grid. The grid is paginated. I use the following criteria to fetch the data
I have a criteria for loading data for a grid view as
var criteria = DetachedCriteria.For<Person>()
    .CreateAlias("Vehicles","vehicle", JoinType.InnerJoin)
    .SetResultTransformer(new DistinctRootEntityResultTransformer())
    .SetMaxResults(pageSize)
    .SetFirstResult((page - 1) * pageSize)

criteria.Add(Restrictions.Eq("vehicle.Name", "super"));

where page and pageSize are calculated bits.
The problem is since max results and first results are calculated in the database and distinct root is done outside, the number of rows do not match.
Is there a way to resolve this issue ?

A: This kind of queries should always use subquery instead of any type of JOIN. That also means, that the colleciton item has reference to parent (as in our case).
So, here we create the inner select for Vehicle:
var vehicles = DetachedCriteria.For<Vehicle>();
// add any amount or kind of WHERE parts
vehicles.Add(Restrictions.Eq("vehicle.Name", "super"))
// and essential SELECT Person ID
vehicles.SetProjection( Projections.Property("Owner.ID"));

Now, we can adjust the above query, to work only on a root/parent level:
var criteria = DetachedCriteria.For<Person>()

// instead of this
// .CreateAlias("Vehicles","vehicle", JoinType.InnerJoin)

// we will use subquery
.Add(Subqueries.PropertyIn("ID", vehicles));

// Wrong to use this approach at all
//.SetResultTransformer(new DistinctRootEntityResultTransformer())

.SetMaxResults(pageSize)
.SetFirstResult((page - 1) * pageSize)

That will create SELECT like this:
SELECT p....
FROM Person AS p
WHERE p.ID IN (
  SELECT v.OwnerId
  FROM Vehcile AS v
    WHERE v.Name = 'super' ...
)

See also:

*

*Query on HasMany reference

*In NHibernate, using a Disjunction gives double results
And how to fetch the collection of Vehicles (until now just used for filtering)? The best (if not only) way is to use 1+1 SELECT statements. The easy and built-in solution is batch-size setting. Just mark the collection of Vehicles with this setting (e.g. batch-size="25") and with few more SELECT statements all data will be effectively loaded. See:

*

*19.1.5. Using batch fetching

*How to Eager Load Associations without duplication in NHibernate?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Natural Solutions Foundation
The Voice of Global Health Freedom™
All About Codex Alimentarius
Codex DVD
Codex eBook
Codex summarized in 7 points
Codex in-depth information
Codex propaganda
Codex "Two Step"
Codex Alimentarius: the 5-Minute Tour
"Man's mind, once stretched by a new idea,
never regains its original dimensions."
– Oliver Wendell Holmes
19th Century U.S. author and physician
These 14 points provide you with understanding about Codex Alimentarius – health freedom threat number one. It also explains what to do about it. Codex Alimentarius (Codex for short) means "Food Code." This world food code is a United Nations agency, jointly sponsored by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). It has existed for nearly 50 years and its International Statute gives it a joint mission: protecting food safety and promoting world food trade. It is supposed to do so by adopting voluntary Guidelines and Standards (defining foods in international trade) and its decisions are enforced through the World Trade Organization (WTO) which considers its Guidelines and Standards as presumptive evidence in WTO trade disputes. It has become a creature of the Bigs – Big Govt, Big Agra, Big Pharma… etc.
Consumer Protection? Unfortunately Not
The first step to understanding Codex Alimentarius is to realize that it has absolutely nothing to do with "consumer protection". That's propaganda for the sake of getting people and Congress to yield to its implementation.
Rima E. Laibow, M.D. is a successful natural medicine physician who graduated from Albert Einstein College of Medicine in 1970. Dr. Laibow has studied more than 16,000 pages of Codex Alimentarius documentation. Her conclusion? Codex Alimentarius is a very serious threat to health freedom. We must take it seriously.
Meaning of Name and History of Organization
"Codex Alimentarius" means "food rules" in Latin. The organization was born in 1962 when the UN established the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) as a "Trade Commission". It was created to regulate, and thus control, every aspect of how food and nutritional supplements are produced and sold to the consumer. It is solely about trade and the profits of multi-national corporations.
Bolstering Profits of Pharmaceutical Industry
The more natural health products people use, the fewer drugs they use. Millions are turning to natural health. Big Pharma fears this as it would diminish profits. Codex is designed to protect Big Pharma profits by eliminating natural health products and treatments. Health food stores and wellness companies would be hit hard.
Codex Alimentarius is Unscientific
Codex is unscientific because it classifies nutrients as toxins and uses "Risk Assessment" to set ultra low so-called "safe upper limits" for them. Risk Assessment is a branch of Toxicology, the science for assessing toxins. The proper science for assessing nutrients is Biochemistry. Codex does not use Biochemistry.
Based on Tyrannical Napoleonic Legal Code
Codex is based on the Napoleonic Code, dating back to Bonaparte. Under this code, anything not explicitly permitted is automatically forbidden. Under Common Law (our system), something does not have to be explicitly permitted to be legal. The tyrannical Napoleonic Code allows the banning of natural health options by default.
Shrewdly, Slowly Raising Heat
Codex will go into global effect on December 31, 2009, unless we, the People, take action and avert it. Right now, we are like a frog boiled slowly, the heat raised gradually so we won't jump out of the water. The media is used to make us believe that Codex is about "consumer protection". Part of the media strategy is to tarnish the image of natural health options, through for-hire studies.
Beware Codex Wolves in Sheep's Clothing
One-time defenders of supplements and nutritional products, such as the National Nutritional Foods Association (NNFA) and Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN), have fallen prey to new pharmaceutical members and are spreading disinformation saying that Codex is "consumer protection". Their boards used to be run by health freedom fighters.
VMG: Banning Our Supplements
Codex is made up of many standards for every aspect of food. One of these standards was ratified (approved) in July 2005: the destructive Codex Alimentarius Vitamin and Mineral Guideline (VMG). The VMG can ban all high potency and clinically effective vitamins & minerals. For example, Vitamin C would be restricted to only a few milligrams per dose. Other nutrients, such as amino acids, are also under threat.
DSHEA, Our Best Legal Defense
The U.S. has a powerful legal tool for health freedom: the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA), passed in 1994 after massive grass-roots action. DSHEA scientifically classifies nutritional supplements as food and prevents dosage restrictions; Codex unscientifically classifies them as toxins and sets ultra-low doses. The VMG violates U.S. law because it violates DSHEA. We must unite to protect DSHEA, our best legal defense against Codex.
Congressional Effort Underway to Undermine DSHEA
The pharmaceutical industry works through irresponsible/corrupt politicians to do their bidding. The path to institute Codex in America is to "influence" Congress to pass laws friendly to drugs and unfriendly to nutritional supplements, so that slowly everyone comes to believe that nutrients are "dangerous", and drugs are "proper medicine". Susan Davis (D, CA) and other politicians are helping Big Pharma by supporting bills designed to destroy DSHEA.
U.S. Government Illegally Supports Codex
The U.S. Codex Office (the U.S. Codex "point of contact") is unfortunately highly supportive of Codex. So is the rest of the government, including the pharmaceutical-friendly FDA. They should not be. DSHEA and other U.S. law means their support is in direct violation of the laws of the U.S.A.! They are breaking our laws and they know it.
Let's Enter Coordinal Relationships With Congress
Congress has the power to keep America Codex-free. It can defeat bills designed to destroy DSHEA, support health freedom bills, and reprimand the U.S. Codex Office and the FDA. Using the Internet we can reach Congress directly to create a lobby of the people, for the people. Families of Congress would suffer too, if Codex is not averted.
Thanks to the Internet, millions of health conscious Americans can unite to protect health freedom from Codex Alimentarius. We have the power to turn Codex into a blessing if all of us in the natural health community use it to get active, get organized, and stand up for health freedom. Together, we will let Big Pharma know that we see through their deception and will protect our access to natural health care.
Dr. Laibow deconstructs Codex's pretensions:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hyo_VjJSVFo
Counsel Fucetola explains the "Codex Two Step" – how countries can opt-out:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QNg3MD6BxM
Ready to take action now? Click here.
Ready to learn more? Click here.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Over the last few years, it had become obvious during periods of bad weather, that all was not well with the chruch roof. Following an architect's inspection which described re-slating the roof as urgent, the PCC decided that action was needed. The storms of winter 2015 highlighted this need further. Following the inspection it was decided that the entire south-facing half of the roof would have to be repaired, with some of the timber and slates needing to be replaced.
After applying for funding to the Government-funded Listed Places of Worship's Roof Repair Fund, St. John's got the exciting news in June 2016 that they had been awarded £100,000 to put towards the work. The terms of the grant meant that St John's congregation had to find approximately £40 000 to make up the total cost of the work, with which to replace the south-facing half of the roof. This started a major effort to raise funds, with additional grants awarded from the National Churches Trust, ChurchCare and the Jill Franklin Trust and a donation of £1000 from Workington Town Council and donations from local businesses. The parishioners played their part with concerts, an art exhibition, Christmas fair and other fundraising events.
While the roof work was being carried out, closer inspection of the tower was possible, and the need has been identified for a second phase of work to make the tower secure and watertight. The windows and the north roof also need attention, so St John's will be involved in restoration works for some time to come. The former Roof Appeal has become a more general Restoration Appeal.
St. John's would like to thank the below for their generous grants that enabled the first phase of works to be completed.


The most challenging trail run in Latvia and Baltics which takes place annually in the scenic maze of gorges of Gauja river national park! Ski resort slopes, muddy trails and unpredictable autumn weather. Elevation gain in marathon distance exceeds 2500 meters.
06.10. Sigulda Mountain Marathon 2018 has finished. Absolute winners of the marathon distance (70 km) – Andris Ronimoiss (6:18:31) and Anete Švilpe (7:23:12), both from Latvia. Thanks to all participants, sponsors, fans and race volunteers team!
Registration to race possible only on-site at Race centre at event day.
03.10. Pre-start bulletin has been published. It contains info with comments about race chip control system, start order, race cut-off times, water points and other important questions in printable PDF format.
Note: English text version follows Latvian – have to scroll down.
01.10. This year in the Sigulda Mountain Marathon a part of the prize pool will be played in a lottery! In the first loop one of the time control points will be labeled by GARMIN: a gift card of EUR 50 from GARMIN will receive runners ranked in 50, 100, 150... (+50) position at this control point, regardless of distance.
30.09. We have one tradition (prize) which is set every year at Sigulda Mountain Marathon - King and Queen of Ziedina Hill. At start climb first of man and first of woman to reach top of the hill Ziedina kalns (crossing Finish line) will receive new pair of running shoes from ASICS (Gel GT-1000 7 GTX). But there is an extra rule - to qualify for this prize "top finisher" must complete full distance he/she applied before start (time and rank does not matter).
24.09. Our races have been evaluated by ITRA (International Trail Running Association): 70 km – 3 ITRA points; 35 km – 2 ITRA points.
Sep 23. Race course map published. See COURSE.
Jul 23. Race info published, application opened! More info about the race will follow.
And we welcome you to follow RAID.lv on Facebook!
1.1. Sigulda Mountain Marathon 2018 (Race) course is set on dirt roads, trails and off-road tracks in challenging terrain full of natural obstacles.
1.3. Course is marked with red/white tape. Judges are set along the course.
1.4. Electronic timing system is used.
2.1. Participant must be at least 18 years old on start day. Participants from 16 years are allowed on mountain cross (15 km) course.
2.2. Participant brings full responsibility about his health condition, insurance and ability to run chosen distance. Organizers provide medical assistance during event.
V16 S16 2001 – 2002 May compete only in 15 km distance.
2.4. Participant chooses distance during registration. Participant competes only in chosen distance. If another distance is completed result will be fixed but out of ranking.
2.5. If there are less then three participants in group, then group is closed and participants are added to next group according scheme: S/V16 –> S/V18 –> S/V21 <– S/V40 <–S/V50 <–S/V60.
3.1. Application in advance may be done till October 3, 2018. Application form and participation fee details - see REGISTRATION.
3.2. Participation fee includes: course preparation, judges work, number bibs, electronic timing chip rental, snacks and drinks on course and after the finish, prize pool.
4.1. Participants register in Race centre on October 6, 2018 from 07.00 till 09.30. Race centre is located at Svētku laukums (square), Sigulda city. Finish is located at the same place, but Race start will be given at the base of slope in front of Race centre.
4.2. Participant receives number bibs which should be attached in front and clearly visible during the Race.
4.3. Participant receives electronic chip which must be attached on hand according to given instructions.
4.4. At 9.30 flag raising ceremony is held and start area opens after that. Entering start area participant must pass electronic control station located in marked corridor. At the corridor entrance judge will check correct attachment of the electronic chip. Passing by electronic control station participant must make sure that his electronic chip issues both light and sound signals.
4.5. Start is common for all classes and groups at 10.00. Map of start area will be published on website before the Race and will be available at Race centre.
5.1. Participant should keep to marked course. Running out of marked course will lead to disqualification.
5.2. Judges and electronic control stations are set along the course to control competition.
5.3. In case of serious injury participant should ask other runners to report to nearest judge. Medical assistance and evacuation will be arranged.
5.4. Time limit for 15 and 35 km competition - 8 hours.
5.5. Time limit for 70 km competition - 12,5 hours. Finish is closed at 22.30. Last loops might be done in darkness conditions - headlamp necessary.
5.6. As 70 km distance consists of four loops, control time for the third loop finish is set to 20:00. Runners delaying this control time are not allowed into final loop.
5.7. Snacks and drinks will be available on course in approximately 7–10 km intervals. Special table is arranged at Race Centre for competitors own drinks and food.
5.8. Trekking poles may be used by participants.
6.1. All runners completing 70 km distance receive traditional cast iron medals at finish line.
6.2. Prizes and diplomas are given to first three runners in each class and group. If there is less then eight competitors in group only first one will be awarded.
6.3. Medals/diplomas or Latvian championship in trail running 2018 are given to best three athletes representing Latvia.
6.4. Award ceremony is held not sooner as 1 hour after the finish of first three runners in group.
7.1. Protests must be presented in written form not later then 1 hour after participants finish time. Protest fee – 30 EUR – must be paid. If the protest is satisfied protest fee is repaid back.
To apply for participation in Race please fill registration form below and make participation fee payment. Fee details and account info - below.
RAID.lv is owned and maintained by IK Adventure Company.
IK Adventure Company does not collect any personal data about homepage visitors without their consent.
1) This is a public event where photo and video filming will take place with subsequent publication for a wide range of purposes - mass media publications, social networks, personal galleries, etc.
2) Organizers need some personal data of the participants to ensure the correct conduct of the marathon and to be able to contact with participants.
Only personal data has been collected through the registration form when person is applying to the event we are organizing. All personal data is handled according to the purpose of the acquisition, for example, to put participant into correct start group by age and gender, or to send pre-start newsletters and other important event information via e-mail. etc. After the event, all participants' personal data is automatically deleted within 30 days.
IK Adventure Company has taken all necessary measures to ensure the protection of the personal data in accordance with the regulatory enactments in force in Latvia and to prevent their unjustified access to third parties.
Fields highlighted in red - mandatory.
Field City is optional. Name of city or county you live in and want to be associated.
Field Club or Team is optional. Leave blank if you do not want to publicly represent any.
If you want to register more than one participant, click on the Add Participant button. All additional participants will be automatically assigned the same club/team of the first one.
All amounts are per person.
* – JUNIORS – persons born after January 1, 2000.
** – TEAM – 5 or more participants applying all together. All kind of teams are accepted: formal ones – running clubs, companies etc., and unformal as well – family, squad of friends etc.
Please include team or participant name in participation fee payment notes!
See below list of registered participants! If you can not see previously registered participants name listed (name misspelling, wrong distance or gender, mistaken year of birth and all kind of mistakes) send note to e-mail: info @ raid.lv.
Petuhovs Vitālijs LVA SSK "Bebra"
Kanaviņš Ainis LVA SSK "Bebra"
Āboltiņš Elmārs LVA Rīga a ko darīt, ja nav?!
Duberis Jānis LVA SSK "Bebra"
Skudra Raimonds LVA SSK "Bebra"
Gailīte Ingūna LVA SSK "Bebra"
Luriņa Mārīte LVA Rīga Didzis ir super!
There are three distances - mountain cross (15 km), half-marathon (35+ km) and marathon (70+ km).
Printable and interactive map can be seen at GPSies.com map service, links below. You can download GPS track in various formats. Apps available for both Android and iPhone mobile devices.
A – small loop, 15,0 km. Interactive map here.
B – big loop, 20,3 km. Interactive map here.
Big loop uses same course as small loop plus there is extra distance added.
Note. Map engine recalculates tracks, optimizing number of track points. As a result it shows slightly less distance and climb meters as it will be on real course.
To be published after the Race.
Below some links to photos and videos from last years races.


More than 8.1 million people worldwide are now employed by the renewable energy industry – a five percent increase from last year – according to a report released yesterday by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) at its 11th Council meeting. The report, Renewable Energy and Jobs – Annual Review 2016, also provides a global estimate of the number of jobs supported by large hydropower, with a conservative estimate of an additional 1.3 million direct jobs worldwide.
In the United States, renewable energy employment increased 6 per cent driven by growth in wind and solar. Solar employment grew 22 per cent – 12 times faster than job creation in the United States economy ¬– surpassing jobs in oil and gas. Employment in wind industry also grew 21 per cent.


text:
Sleigh Bells - "You Don't Get Me Twice"
Yeah, we love Sleigh Bells' barnburning distortion apocalypse numbers as much as the next blog, but we also love when Alexis Krauss and Derek Miller buckle down and get weird-flirty - case in point, here's "You Don't Get Me Twice," our second taste from the band's upcoming Bitter Rivals, wherein a snap-and-stomp beat backs up some unexpected instrumentation (is that a piano? is that an acoustic guitar?) and Krauss's vocals range, as they do best, from threatening to seductive in the space of seconds. "Don't do anything could be considered a sin," she croons toward the end of the track, and you're like, girl, don't worry about my soul. Check it out - Bitter Rivals is out October 8.
Sleigh BellsMusic
Album Stream: Sleigh Bells - "Bitter Rivals"
Listen: Sleigh Bells and Tink - "That Did It"
Sleigh Bells Cover Beyonce's "Irreplaceable"
New: Sleigh Bells - "Born To Lose"
Brown Bells: Danny Brown x Sleigh Bells
Preview: Sleigh Bells - "Bitter Rivals" + album out in October
New Album: Sleigh Bells - Bitter Rivals, hear single
New: Sleigh Bells - "Comeback Kid"
Review: Sleigh Bells - Bitter Rivals
By PMA Writers
araabMUZIK remixes Sleigh Bells "Never Say Die"


text:
CAN YOU UNRESIGN? THE TALE OF 3 FORMER IEBC COMMISSIONERS WHO RETURNED TO WORK AFTER PUBLIC RESIGNATIONS
in County News, Home Slider, Opinion, Politics
Intriguing events are taking place at Anniversary Towers once again. This time however, it is not an election dispute. Three former commissioners who resigned publicly at a press conference and sworn in court affidavits that they had communicated their resignations to the President returned to their offices to resume work…months after they resigned!
Former IEBC commissioners Margret Mwachanya,Consolata Nkatha Maina and AMB. Paul Kurgat issued their resignation statement at Sarova hotel on April 16,2018. "I formally tendered my resignation letter to the President as is required under the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission Act," three separate affidavits signed by the former IEBC commissioners state.
But yon Monday, in contrast to their noisy and well-publicised exit, vice chairperson Connie Maina and commissioner Margaret Mwachanya slipped back to Anniversary Towers that houses the IEBC headquarters — to the consternation of the staff and Chebukati.
The three said they could not be blamed for failure by the President to declare vacancies occasioned by their exit.
"As far as I am concerned, I have resigned as a commissioner but my resignation is yet to be officially communicated and no vacancy has been declared. It can therefore not be said that I am the reason recruitment has not commenced," they argued.
An attempt by three former Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission commissioners who resigned in April to return to their offices on Monday was thwarted by chairman Wafula Chebukati.
Mr. Chebukati insisted that the three commissioners; vice-chairperson Consolata Maina, Paul Kurgat and Margaret Mwachanya resigned from the commission and are not supposed to work at the agency.
"The procedure of resigning and clearing is very clear, they returned all the assets of the commission; vehicles, laptops, phones, badges… as far as the commission is concerned, they are no longer commissioners of IEBC," said Mr. Chebukati.
The chairman said he was surprised when two commissioners, Maina and Mwachanya returned to their former offices on Friday which forced him to change the locks after they left.
"IEBC does not have offices of former commissioners, as far as we are concerned, they are not supposed to be working here. They came on Friday, we were surprised to learn they had retained some of the keys which they had not handed over but that has now been rectified," he added.
When they returned on Monday to find new locks, they commissioners are said to have attempted to see Mr. Chebukati who refused to meet with them.
It is not clear if the three are still receiving their salaries.
UHURU VISITS TRUMP AT THE WHITEHOUSE
KENYA'S DEPUTY CJ MWILU ARRESTED AND CHARGED WITH CORRUPTION, FREED ON 5M BOND
Kisasa Staff


text:
Porsche Centar Beograd
Servisni zahtev
The racing atmosphere of days gone by can be experienced live and authentically at the "Le Mans Classic". The drivers, who compete classified in a series of six "plateaus" (classes) and by model year up to 1980, start according to the classic Le Mans rules: At the starting signal, the drivers sprint to their cars, start the engine and speed off. Each starting line-up is called to the start three times within the 24 hours, each of the vintage racing classics is on the track for a good two hours. The equipment is not spared, however. The fastest of the racing machines reach speeds of over 300 km/h on the famous Hunaudières straights.
Experience the highlights of the last race at the historic French race track in 2018.
Techno Classica EssenRetro Classics StuttgartGoodwood Revival
© 2021 Porsche Inter Auto S d.o.o. Pravno obaveštenje Privacy Policy. Cookie Policy.


text:
Geitenvlees is het slachtproduct van de gedomesticeerde geit (Capra aegagrus hircus). Het vlees van een geiten-zuiglam van 8 tot 10 weken wordt ook wel capretto genoemd. Chevon is een benaming voor het vlees van een geitenlam in leeftijd van 5 tot 7 maanden.

Culinaire toepassing
Geitenvlees is wereldwijd zowel hoofdvoedsel als een delicatesse. Het gebruik van geitenvlees is wijdverbreid in de Zuid-Europese, Noord- en West-Afrikaanse, Midden-Oosterse, Indiase, Indonesische, Pakistaanse, Nepalese, Bengaalse, Mexicaanse en Caraïbische keuken (Haïti). Op de Benedenwindse eilanden wordt geitenvlees verwerkt in de stoofschotel kabritu stobá.

De Griekse, Portugese en de Zuid-Italiaanse keuken staan bekend om het serveren van geroosterd geitenvlees als feestmaal met Pasen, en in Noord-Portugal ook met Kerstmis. Tevens wordt in Italië geitengehakt gebruikt in spaghetti bolognese en lasagne als alternatief voor rundvlees. Geitenvlees wordt ook in de alpiene gebieden van Europa gebruikt in paasgerechten, vaak gesmoord (Beieren) of gebraden en gebakken (Tirol).

Geitenvlees is weinig populair in de Noord-Amerikaanse, Noord-Europese en Nederlandse keuken, wat mede verklaard wordt door het beeld van de geit als ´armeluiskoe´. In sommige nichemarkten in deze gebieden wordt geitenvlees echter populairder, bijvoorbeeld onder immigranten uit Afrika en Azië.

Geitenvlees is hartig en minder zoet dan rundvlees, maar ietwat zoeter dan lamsvlees. Het kan op vele manieren gebruikt worden, zoals door te stoven, bakken, roosteren, barbecuen, in te blikken, frituren, of te verwerken in curry, gehakt of worst.

Kenmerken

Geitenvlees heeft de reputatie een sterke, wildachtige smaak te hebben, maar de smaak kan ook mild zijn afhankelijk van hoe de geit wordt gevoed en klaargemaakt. In Caribische culturen wordt veelal het vlees van volwassen geiten gewaardeerd, wat doorgaans pittig is. Andere culturen verkiezen eerder het vlees van jonge geiten van 6 tot 9 maanden oud. De ribben en de lende zijn de delen van de geit die geschikt zijn voor vlugge bereiding, terwijl andere delen beter lang gesmoord kunnen worden. Hoewel het wordt ingedeeld bij rood vlees, is geitenvlees magerder en bevat het minder cholesterol, vet en proteïne dan rund- en lamsvlees. Bovendien bevat geitenvlees minder energie dan rund- of kippenvlees. Daardoor vergt geitenvlees een langzame bereiding met lage verhitting, waarmee de malsheid en sappigheid behouden blijft.

Productie
Geiten consumeren minder veevoer dan rundvee. Een weiland van 1 hectare kan 25 of meer geiten herbergen, tegenover 5 ossen. Daarentegen kan een geit 18 kilogram vlees produceren, wat aanzienlijk minder is dan bij runderen of varkens. Hierdoor zijn geiten minder geschikt voor de hedendaagse vleesverwerkende industrie.

Vlees
Geiten

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


quite excited about getting to do more work on it,  too.
I look forward to working on it, more. Maybe give it a name, someday.
use a *non-Legend-of-Zelda* based conlang.
association to video games, books, or films. It's all *original*.


text:
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Translated by: Rose France
Our friends the Zaitsevs live out of town "The air is so much better out in the suburbs," they say. That is, they can't afford to live where the air is bad. A small group of us went to visit them.
We set off without any mishap. That is, apart from minor details: we didn't take enough cigarettes, one of us lost her gloves, another forgot her door key. And then, at the station, we bought one ticket less than we needed. Well, anyone can make a mistake. We counted wrong. Even though there were only four of us.
It was a little awkward, actually, that we counted wrong. Apparently, in Hamburg, there was once a horse that could count beautifully, right up to six…
And we got out without any mishap at the right station. Though we did get out once or twice before—at every station, as a matter of fact. But every time, realizing our mistake, we had, very sensibly, got back in the carriage.
When we arrived at our destination we had a few more awkward moments. It turned out that none of us knew the Zaitsevs' address. Each of us was relying on the others.
A quiet, gentle voice came to our aid: "You're here!"
It was the Zaitsevs' daughter: a girl of eleven, clear-eyed, with blond Russian plaits just like I had had at that age (plaits pulled so many, many times by other children, plaits that brought me no end of grief!).
She had come to meet us.
"I really didn't think you'd get here!" she said.
"Well, Mama kept saying that you'd either miss the train or get the wrong one."
I was a little offended. I'm actually very punctual. Recently, when I was invited to a ball, not only did I not arrive late—I was a whole week early.
"Ah, Natasha, Natasha!" I said. "You don't know me very well yet!"
Her clear eyes looked at me thoughtfully, then down at the ground.
Delighted that we now knew where we were going, we decided to go and sit in a café for a while, then to hunt down some cigarettes, then try to telephone Paris and then…
But the fair-haired girl said very seriously, "No, you absolutely mustn't. We must go back home right away. They're expecting us."
So, shamefaced and obedient, we set off in single file behind the young girl.
We found our hostess at the stove.
She was looking bemusedly into a saucepan.
"Natasha, quick! Tell me what you think? What is this I've ended up with—roast beef or salt beef?"
The girl had a look.
"No, my angel," she said. "This time it looks like beef stew."
"Wonderful! Who'd have thought it?" cried Madame Zaitseva, delighted.
Dinner was a noisy affair.
We were all very fond of one another, all enjoying ourselves, and all in the mood to talk. We all talked at once. Somebody talked about the journal Contemporary Notes. Somebody talked about how you shouldn't pray for Lenin. That would be a sin. After all, the Church didn't pray for Judas. Somebody talked about Parisian women and dresses, about Dostoevsky, about the recent spelling reform, about the situation of writers abroad and about the Dukhobors, and somebody wanted to tell us how the Czechs cook eggs, but she never succeeded. She kept talking away, but she was constantly interrupted.
And in all the hubbub the young girl, now wearing an apron, walked round the table, picking up a fork that had fallen onto the floor, moving a glass away from the edge of the table, seeing to all our needs, taking our worries to heart, her blond plaits glinting as bright as ever.
At one point she came up to one of us and held out a ticket.
"Look," she said. "I want to show you something. In your own home, is it you who looks after the housekeeping? Well, when you next buy some wine, ask for one of these tickets. When you've collected a hundred tickets, they'll give you six towels."
She kept pointing things out to us and explaining things. She very much wanted to help—to help us live in the world.
"How wonderful it is here," enthused our hostess. "After the lives we led under the Bolsheviks! It's barely believable. You turn on a tap—and water comes out. You go to light the stove—and there's firewood already there."
"Eat up, my angel," the girl whispered. "Your food will go cold."
We talked until it grew dark. The fair-haired girl had for some time been repeating something to each of us in turn. At last somebody paid attention.
"You need to catch the seven o'clock train," she had been saying. "You must go to the station straight away."
We grabbed our things and ran to the station.
There we had one last, hurried conversation.
"We need to buy Madame Zaitseva a dress tomorrow. Very modest, but showy. Black, but not too black. Narrow, but it must look full. And most important of all, one she won't grow tired of."
"Let's take Natasha with us. She can advise us."
And off we went again: Contemporary Notes, Gorky, French literature, Rome-
And the fair-haired girl was walking about, saying something, trying to convince us of something. At last, somebody listened.
"You need to go over the bridge to the other platform. Don't wait till the train comes in or you'll have to rush and you might miss it."
The next day, in the shop, the graceful figure of Madame Zaitseva was reflected in two triple mirrors. A little salesgirl with pomaded hair and short legs was draping one dress after another over her. And on a chair, her hands politely folded, sat the fair-haired girl, dispensing advice.
"Oh!" said Madame Zaitseva, flitting about between the mirrors. "This one is lovely. Natasha, why aren't you giving me any advice? Look, isn't that beautiful—with the grey embroidery on the front. Quick, tell me what you think!"
"No, my angel, you mustn't buy a dress like that. How could you go about every day with a grey stomach? It would be different if you had a lot of dresses. But as it is, it's not very practical."
"Well, fancy you saying that!" her mother protested. But she didn't dare disobey.
We began to make our way out.
"Oh!" cried Madame Zaitseva, "Just look at these collars! They're just what I've been dreaming of! Natasha, take me away from them quickly, don't let me get carried away!"
Concerned, the fair-haired girl took her mother by the hand.
"Come this way, my angel, don't look over there. Come over here and look at the needles and thread."
"You know what?" whispered Madame Zaitseva, with a sideways glance at her daughter. "She heard what we were saying about Lenin yesterday. And in the evening she said, 'I pray for him every day. People say he has much blood on his conscience. It's a burden on his soul… I can't help it,' she said to me, 'I pray for him.'"
*Taken from Rasputin and Other Stories by Teffi, ed. Robert Chandler and Ann Marie Jackson, Pushkin Press London
coming of age ,
female authors ,
Russia ,
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Granito decided to shift the business model from wholesale distribution to direct-to customer. Until early 2017, each 45 minutes, plating protects from corrosion. Geneva stripes are sometimes said to help rap dust away from the moving parts of the movement. fake watches The traditional heating of steel screws changes their colour to a deep royal blue while also hardening them. In any case, beveling and polishing) is of course done by hand. All wheels of the gear train are in rose gold. The single main spring provides 65 hours of autonomy.
© The Short Story Project 2023
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text:
L'alloerotismo è la disposizione affettiva e sessuale rivolta da un individuo verso altre persone e da cui ricava soddisfazione. È in contrapposizione con l'autoerotismo.

Si suddivide in omoerotismo ed eteroerotismo, che indicano rispettivamente l'attrazione sessuale per soggetti dello stesso sesso (omosessualità) e per soggetti di sesso opposto (eterosessualità). In psicoanalisi, rappresenta la fase di maturità sessuale e mentale dell'individuo, un atteggiamento che porta a distogliere le tendenze erotiche dal sé rivolgendole verso gli altri.

Un mancato passaggio di un individuo a questo stadio è causa di difficili relazioni sociali e interpersonali nell'età adulta, e può, per Freud, portare ad uno stato di schizofrenia.

Voci correlate
 Eterosessualità
 Omosessualità
 Autoerotismo
 Narcisismo

Psicoanalisi
Sessualità


Releasit FOAM-GUARD Crystal Defoamer is a concentrated defoamer that is perfect for quick foam killing action.
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Releasit Defoamer works! It works like all the others I have ever tried, now I can buy it from excellent supply and I won't have to call another supplier! All Releasit Products work well I try to buy everything I can from them they make good stuff.


text:
Colin Mullan: Such an honor (RACER)
In his own words: Who is Colin Mullan and how did he come to be selected as one of the this year's Team USA Scholarship winners:
I'm extremely excited to begin my journey with the Team USA Scholarship. My passion for racing started 11 years ago, when I was just 5 years old, and today, at 16, I never thought I would be about to board a plane to the UK in order to race in the prestigious Formula Ford Festival and compete for the coveted Walter Hayes Trophy.
No one in my family has a history of motorsports, but a NASCAR race on TV caught my eye one Sunday morning and I was hooked. My dad heard about a local quarter-midget track where I could start racing at age 5 and ever since then I've had a passion for racing. I raced quarter-midgets for three years before moving into half-scale stock cars called minicups (pictured below).
I began racing karts in Sonoma, Calif., a few years later. I would run the occasional national race when it came to town but I never focused on racing a true national series. I won two local championships as well as the series' Rising Star Award.
At age 14, I completed a Three-Day Skip Barber Formula School at what is now WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca, which was my first taste of a proper race car. A couple months later, we bought a Spec Miata which I practiced in and got coaching from MX-5 Cup front-runner Mark Drennan. Later that year, I was approached by World Speed Motorsports about a season with their FormulaSPEED program in the Formula Car Challenge.
My season with World Speed was a great learning year in a proper race car. I greatly improved on my driving and became more acclimated with data systems. In August 2017, I competed in a one-off F4 U.S. race with Jay Howard's MDD team. This was my first true national race experience, and I was able to secure a top-five finish and the JRi Shocks Hard Charger Award for passing the most cars throughout the weekend.
Coming into the 2018 season, running a national open-wheel series just wasn't a viable option for me at the time, but I was given the opportunity to race with the factory MINI JCW Team in the IMSA Continental Tire SportsCar Challenge. Due to IMSA regulations, and me being just 15 at the start of the season, I had to wait until I turned 16 for my first race. Since making my debut at Mid-Ohio in May, I've qualified on the front row in every race aside from my first, and my co-driver Mark Pombo and I were able to secure one win and four podiums throughout my seven races with the team. I became the youngest race winner in the IMSA CTSC as well, securing a win at Watkins Glen (below), one of the four-hour races in our season.
As one of the IMSA commentators, Jeremy Shaw took notice of me and has been watching my success in sports cars this year, referring to me as the "youngster" during the IMSA broadcasts. I was ecstatic to be one of the Team USA Scholarship nominees and get the chance to participate in the interview process at Mid-Ohio during the IndyCar race weekend.
Heading into the shootout, I was the only driver who didn't have any experience in an F1600 car or a non-winged open-wheel car in general. Jeremy suggested that I run an FRP F1600 race at Summit Point in order to get some racing experience in the car and in a competitive field. It was an incredible weekend, and I was able to secure two wins from the three races.
The shootout which followed proved to be a very difficult test of our adaptability with changing conditions. Every session was different, and the Lucas Oil School of Racing cars were perfect to see what each of us could do in the rain, dry and everything in between.
A few weeks later I got the call to go to the UK! It's such an honor to be selected for a program that so many talented drivers have gone through. I can't thank Jeremy Shaw and everyone involved enough for making this program possible. Racing has been a huge part of my life for such a long time, and I'm so incredibly grateful to everyone who has supported me thus far. I can't wait to hop overseas and get on track for the first time!
-Colin Mullan
VIA Racer.com, October 8, 2018


text:
Justia › US Law › US Case Law › US Supreme Court › Volume 133 › Mills v. Dow's Administrator
Mills v. Dow's Administrator, 133 U.S. 423 (1890)
Mills v. Dow's Administrator
Decided March 3, 1890
ERROR TO THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED
STATES FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS
Where the subject matter of a contract relates to the construction of a railroad in Massachusetts, and the defendant resides there, and the contract was made there, and a suit on the contract is brought there, the law of
Massachusetts is to govern in expounding and enforcing the contract and in determining the rule of damages for a breach of it.
Where a contract states that the purchasing price of its subject matter is $15,000, and that that sum has been "this day advanced and paid" therefor, it is competent for the vendor, in a suit by him on the contract, to show that only $10,000 was paid, with a view to recover the remaining $5,000.
The language of the contract is ambiguous, and does not show actual prior or simultaneous payment.
Evidence of a promise by the defendant, as a part of the consideration of the contract, to pay certain debts mentioned in it which the plaintiff owed is admissible, and the refusal of the defendant to pay those debts on demand was a breach of the contract.
An agreement to "assume" a prior contract and to save the plaintiff harmless from "all liability" by reason of certain other contracts is broken by a failure to pay the parties to whom the plaintiff was liable, and it is not necessary to a breach that the plaintiff should show that he had first paid those parties.
The agreement is not merely one to indemnify the plaintiff from damage arising out of his liability, but is an agreement to assume his contracts and to discharge him from his liability.
Such agreement was a personal one on the part of the defendant.
On the 23d of October, 1878, the following instrument in writing was executed by Stephen C. Mills on the one part, and Stephen Dow and Nathan P. Pratt on the other:
"Whereas Stephen C. Mills, of Stark, in the State of Maine, is the contractor for the building of the Boston and Mystic Valley Railroad Company's railroad bed, bridges, etc., etc., and whereas, the said railroad company has agreed to purchase and cause to be cancelled the said contract, but said company has found it inconvenient or impossible to pay me the agreed price for such purchase, and whereas Stephen Dow, of Woburn, and Nathan P. Pratt, of Reading, have agreed to purchase of me the said contract in the interest of said railroad company, and for the said company's benefit and profit, and to receive of me an assignment of said contract in trust for said company -- that is to say, as collateral security for payment to them by said company of the sum of fifteen thousand dollars, the purchasing price, and interest thereon at the rate of six percentum per annum, for such time as the same shall remain unpaid, which said sum of fifteen thousand dollars the
said Dow and Pratt have this day advanced and paid to said Mills for said contract, and all sums that may hereafter become due thereunder, and whereas, the said Mills has sublet some of the work, as per contracts marked 'B,' 'C,' 'D,' 'E,' and hereto annexed, with Hall and Burgess, J. M. Ellis, and Savage and McCabe, and whereas, the said Dow and Pratt assume said contract in their capacities as aforesaid, and whereas, by the terms of said contract 'A,' ten percent of the monthly estimate is retained in the hands of the company; the said Dow and Pratt as aforesaid accept the assignment of said contract with the understanding and agreement that they will and shall well and truly save harmless the said Mills from any and all liability by reason of said contracts, the ten percent reserved, and any claim by reason of said Ellis, Hall and Burgess, and McCabe agreements before mentioned: Now know all men that I, Stephen C. Mills, of Stark, in the State of Maine, the person named in the contract hereto annexed, marked 'A,' in consideration of fifteen thousand dollars to me paid by Stephen Dow, of Woburn, in the County of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and Nathan P. Pratt, of Reading, in said County of Middlesex, in their capacity aforesaid, have assigned, and do hereby assign, sell, convey, and set over to the said Dow and Pratt as aforesaid, and their assigns, all my interest in the within and before-mentioned contract marked 'A,' and every clause, article, or thing therein contained, and I do hereby constitute and appoint them, the said Dow and Pratt, trustees as aforesaid, my attorney or attorneys, in my name, but to their own use as aforesaid, to take all legal means which may be proper for the complete recovery and enjoyment of the assigned premises, with power of substitution. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this twenty-third (23) day of October, A.D. 1878."
"S. C. MILLS & Co."
"STEPHEN C. MILLS [L. S.]"
"Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of"
"HENRY B. NOTTAGE"
"P. WEBSTER LOCHE"
"We, the said Stephen Dow and Nathan P. Pratt, hereby accept the above assignment, and the conditions preceding the same, for the purposes aforesaid."
"Witness:"
"STEPHEN DOW"
"NATHAN P. PRATT"
The contract of Mills with the Boston and Mystic Valley Railroad Company, to build and equip the road of that company from Somerville to Wilmington, was made on the 4th of May, 1878. On the 6th of May, 1878, the plaintiff, under the name of S. C. Mills and Co., made a subcontract with H. C. Hall and J. H. Burgess, being the Hall and Burgess named in the instrument of October 23, 1878, to grade the roadbed of the railroad from Wilmington to Somerville. The road had not been completed on the 23d of October, 1878. Dow and Pratt were stockholders and directors in the company. Of the $15,000 mentioned in the instrument of October 23, 1878, they paid to Mills only $10,000. They did not pay any part of $11,048.08, which was due to Hall and Burgess for work done under their contract, partly before and partly after the instrument of October 23, 1878, was executed. Mills brought this suit against Dow and Pratt, in the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Massachusetts, to recover those sums. Issue was joined by Dow. Pratt did not appear, and was defaulted. At the trial before a jury, the court directed a verdict for the defendant Dow, and a judgment accordingly was entered, to review which the plaintiff has brought a writ of error. Since the writ was brought, Dow has died and his administrator has been substituted as defendant in error in his stead.
Dow was President of the railroad company, and as such executed the contract between the company and Mills for the construction and equipment of the road. The subcontractors named in the instrument of October 23, 1878, continued work on the road under their contracts up to the middle of December, 1878, and furnished the labor and materials set forth in the declaration, and in the accounts annexed thereto, so that there was a balance exceeding $6,000 due from Mills to Hall
and Burgess, partly for work done prior to October 23, 1878, and partly for work done subsequently to that date. Dow was informed of the amount so due to the subcontractors and that the same had never been paid. The bill of exceptions, after stating the foregoing facts, sets forth that the plaintiff offered to show by Hall, for the purpose of proving an independent oral contract based on an alleged liability of Dow as stockholder, that Dow repeatedly promised Hall, in 1879 and subsequently, that he would pay the amount claimed to be due to Hall and Burgess, but the court refused to admit the evidence at that stage of the case on the ground that there was no evidence of a consideration for the promise and that the liability, and the fact that Dow was a stockholder, must first be shown; that the plaintiff offered to show by his own evidence that the consideration of the instrument of October 23, 1878, was the payment of $15,000; that the defendants promised to pay him that sum as such consideration, and had paid only $10,000 of it, the plaintiff claiming that by the terms of the instrument, the defendants were bound to pay the whole of such consideration and that, on proof that the consideration was $15,000 and was partially unpaid, he would be entitled to recover; that the court ruled that the inquiry was irrelevant on the pleadings and proofs as they then stood; that the plaintiff offered further to show that, as a part of the consideration of the instrument, the defendants promised to pay the debts the plaintiff owed to Hall and others named in the instrument, and that the court refused to admit the evidence.
The bill of exceptions states also that there was evidence tending to show that the defendants were stockholders and directors of the company and Dow was its President from May 1, 1878, to June 1, 1879; that Hall had authority from the plaintiff to collect from the defendants the amounts due to the subcontractors; that Dow at the request of the plaintiff, paid to one or more of the subcontractors, subsequently to October 23, 1878, the amount due them for work done on the road, and had also paid to the plaintiff the amount of a judgment recovered against the latter by Savage and McCabe, in
a suit brought by them subsequently to October 23, 1878, for work done by them under their subcontract, which amount the plaintiff never paid to Savage and McCabe, and no claim is made for it in this suit; that before this suit was brought, the subcontractors demanded their pay from the plaintiff, showing him a statement of their account, and also made a demand on the defendants, and the plaintiff made a like demand on them; that as between the plaintiff and the subcontractors, there was no dispute as to the amount due; that the company voted to stop the work of construction on the road about the middle of December, 1878, and never resumed the work of construction after that date; that Hall and Burgess did not complete their contract within the time stipulated in it, for the reason, among others, that the company did not meet its payments and never secured the right of way for the portion not constructed by it, and that no evidence was introduced by the plaintiff that he had paid any portion of the sums due the subcontractors named in the instrument of October 23, 1878. The plaintiff having closed his case, the defendant Dow contended that the plaintiff could not recover without first showing some actual payment or injury other than his liability to Hall and Burgess, so due and made known to the defendants, and that the same had not been paid. The court ruled that there was no competent evidence to sustain the plaintiff's case, and directed a verdict for the defendant Dow.
The bill of exceptions further states that the plaintiff duly excepted at the trial to such rullings, refusals to rule, and direction of the court.
MR. JUSTICE BLATCHFORD, after stating the case as above, delivered the opinion of the Court.
The plaintiff alleges as error (1) the refusal of the court to admit the evidence offered as to the consideration of $15,000,
as to the promise to pay the balance of it, and as to the promise to pay the debts due to Hall and Burgess; (2) the ruling that the plaintiff could not recover without showing some actual payment or injury, other than his liability to Hall and Burgess so due and made known to the defendants; (3) the ruling that there was no competent evidence to sustain the plaintiff's case, and (4) the withdrawal of the case from the jury, and the direction of a verdict for the defendant Dow.
As the subject matter of the instrument of October 23, 1878, was in Massachusetts, and the defendant Dow was a resident there, and the contract was made there, and the suit was brought there, the law of that state is to govern in expounding and enforcing the contract, and in determining the rule of damages for a breach of it.
It is contended by the defendant that the instrument contains an admission of the receipt of the entire $15,000, and the question on this branch of the case is whether the plaintiff is precluded from showing the true state of facts. It is well settled in Massachusetts that a recital in a deed, acknowledging payment of the consideration stated, is only prima facie proof, and is subject to be controlled or rebutted by other evidence. Paige v. Sherman, 6 Gray 511, 513; Wilkinson v. Scott, 17 Mass. 249; Carr v. Dooley, 119 Mass. 294, 296.
Independently of this, the expression in the instrument which is claimed to be an acknowledgment of the receipt of the $15,000, namely, "which said sum of fifteen thousand dollars the said Dow and Pratt have this day advanced and paid to said Mills," is ambiguous, and does not show actual prior or simultaneous payment. Goldshede v. Swan, 1 Exch. 154.
So too the evidence of a promise by the defendants, as a part of the consideration of the instrument, to pay the debts which the plaintiff owed to Hall and others named in it was admissible, and the refusal of the defendants to pay those debts on demand was a breach of their contract. Clark v. Deshon, 12 Cush. 589, 591.
The issue being whether the consideration had been paid, and whether the obligation of the defendants was broken, it was competent for the plaintiff to show by parol that after
Hall and Burgess had finished their work under their subcontract, they stated their account to the plaintiff, and demanded payment from him; that he notified the defendant, and made demand on them, and that they neglected to pay. Such demand, and a neglect on their part to pay, tended to support the case of the plaintiff.
The balance due by the plaintiff to Hall and Burgess was $11,048.08, with interest from January 1, 1879, and that was the amount of the liability of the plaintiff to them under his contract with them. The agreement of the defendants, in the instrument of October 23, 1878, is that they assume the contract between the plaintiff and the company, and that they will well and truly save the plaintiff harmless from any and all liability by reason of his contracts with Hall and Burgess, Ellis, and Savage and McCabe, "the ten percent reserved," and any claim by reason of such contracts.
The agreement to assume the contract, in connection with the further agreement to save the plaintiff harmless from liability, was broken by a failure to pay the parties to whom the plaintiff was liable, and it was not necessary to a breach that the plaintiff should show that he had first paid those parties. Braman v. Dowse, 12 Cush. 227; Locke v. Homer, 131 Mass. 93; Drury v. Tremont Improvement Co., 13 Allen 168, 171; Stewart v. Clark, 11 Met. 384; Preble v. Baldwin, 6 Cush. 549; Smith v. Pond, 11 Gray 234; Paper Stock Co. v. Boston Disinfecting Co., 147 Mass. 318.
By the instrument in question, the defendants took the place of the plaintiff and became, after the instrument was executed, principals in the work of constructing the railroad, and their acceptance of the assignment, and the conditions preceding it, included the subcontracts, and what was due and to become due upon them. The contract is not merely one to indemnify the plaintiff from damage arising out of his liability, but is an agreement to assume his contracts and to discharge him from his liability. Gilbert v. Wiman, 1 Comstock 550; Noble v. Arnold, 23 Ohio St. 264, 271; Carr v. Roberts, 5 B. and Ad. 78; Chase v. Hinman, 8 Wend. 452; Rockfeller v. Donnelly, 8 Cowen 623; Randall v. Roper, 27 Law
J.N.S.Q.B. 266; Warwick v. Richardson, 10 M. and W. 284; Port v. Jackson, 17 Johns. 239; Wicker v. Hoppock, 6 Wall. 94; Lathrop v. Atwood, 21 Conn. 117, 125. The case is not open to the objection that the plaintiff endeavored to extend and enlarge by parol the provisions of a written instrument under the guise of proving its consideration, and the cases on that subject do not apply.
Although the instrument in question states that the defendants have agreed to receive from the plaintiff an assignment of the plaintiff's contract with the railroad company "in trust for said company;" that the defendants "assume said contract in their capacities aforesaid;" that they have paid the $15,000 "in their capacity aforesaid;" and the assignment is made to them "as aforesaid;" and that the plaintiff appoints them, "trustees as aforesaid," his attorneys, and although they "as aforesaid accept the assignment," their agreement to save the plaintiff harmless from any and all liability by reason of the contracts named is an absolute personal agreement on their part.
The judgment is reversed, and the case is remanded to the circuit court, with a direction to award a new trial.


Besides the fard (obligatory) fast of Ramadan, there are various Nafl (optional) fasts that Nabi (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) kept throughout the year. We too can make an intention of following in His foot steps this year Insha Allah.
The Sahabah (radiyallahu 'anhum) mention that, at times, Rasulullah (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) would fast so much that we thought he would not stop and at times he (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) did vice versa.
The fast of the 9th and 10th or 10th and 11th of Muharram has been classified as a Sunnah fast.
(Durrul Mukhtar vol.2 pg.374; Maraqiul Falah pg.350).
By fasting on the 10th, one year's minor sins are forgiven.
1. Every Monday and Thursday.
(Maraqiul Falah pg.350; Alamgiri vol.1 pg.201).
Virtue: Rasulullah (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) chose to fast these days because the deeds of the Ummah are presented to Allah Ta'ala on these 2 days.
2. The 13th, 14th and 15th of every month which are known as Ayyamul beedh. (Maraqiul Falah pg.350; Durrul Mukhtar vol.2 pg.375; Alamgiri vol.1 pg.201).
Virtue: One who observes these fasts every month will be rewarded as if he fasted his entire lifetime.
(Sahih ibn Khuzaymah, Hadith: 2128; Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Hadith: 762; Musnad Ahmad vol.5 pg.140, 252;).
3. Any three days of each month.
(Shami vol.2 pg.375; Tahtawi ala Maraqil falah pg.350; Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 1981; Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 2736, 2739).
4. The 9th of Dhul-Hijjah which is the day of Arafah. However, the Haji who is in Arafah is excluded, because he may be weakened through the fast. If this is not the case, then the Haji may also keep this fast. (Durrul Mukhtar vol.2 pg.375).
Some Ulama have classified this as a Sunnah fast just like the 10th of Muharram. (Shami vol.2 pg.375).
Virtue: By fasting on this day, two years minor sins will be forgiven.
5. Any six days of Shawwal (month after Ramadan) besides the first of Shawwal; Eid day. (Maraqiul falah pg.350; Alamgiri vol.1 pg.201).
9. Any or all of the first nine days of Dhul-Hijjah. (Alamgiri vol.1 pg.201).
10. As much as possible, in the month of Muharram.
These are most of the fasts that Rasulullah (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam), either observed himself or encouraged others to observe.
Since fasting is an act of worship in itself, the Fuqaha have stated that it is virtuous for one to fast as much as possible (if he has the strength to do so).
Rasulullah (sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam) is reported to have said that the most beloved fasts to Allah is the fast of Dawud ('alayhis salam); he would fast every alternate day. (Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 1131; Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 2731-2732).


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Alexei's DBC Blog

Variable Scope

June 22, 2014

In Ruby, every variable is defined within a certain scope. Scope is the way a program is partitioned into distinct sections, so you can control where a variable or method can or cannot be accessed from. For variables, there are five different scopes to know about.

Local variables

In Ruby, a local variable is defined with a lowercase name like local_variable (they can also be defined with a name starting with an underscore, _Localvariable, but this is less common). Local variables can only be accessed or modified from within the scope where they were declared, so the following is valid:

hello = 'Hello'

def write_text
  world = "World!"
  puts world
end

puts hello
# => Hello

write_text
# => World!

but this would raise errors:

hello = 'Hello'

def write_text
  world = "World!"
  puts hello
end

puts world
# => NameError: undefined local variable
# or method `world' for main:Object

write_text
# => NameError: undefined local variable
# or method `hello' for main:Object

The hello variable is defined in the top-level scope (aka the file scope), so it is accessible anywhere else within that scope. If we try to access it from inside a method, however, it will raise an error because there is no local hello variable defined inside that method's scope. Similarly, when we define world inside a method, it is local to that method. Outside of the method, there is no local world variable so trying to call it will raise an undefined local variable error.

Global variables

What if we want a variable to be accessible everywhere? We define it as a global variable. In Ruby, global variables are defined with a name starting with $. A global variable can be accessed or changed from any scope, so use them with caution. In fact, unless there's a really good reason for a variable to be global you should probably avoid using them.

$hello = "Hello"

def write_text
  puts $hello
end

write_text
# => Hello

Constants

Constants are a bit like local and global variables, but also a bit different than both. First, they aren't really variables. As the name implies, they are meant to be constant values that don't get changed. Ruby is a little strange in that it lets you change the value of a constant (it warns you when you do this), but if you're going to be changing the value just use a variable in the first place. Constants are defined by making their name all-caps, like so: GRAVITY. When a constant is defined in the top-level of a program, it is globally available. When it's defined inside a  class or module, it's local to that class or module. Constants may not be defined within a method.

GRAVITY = 9.8

class Example
  PI = 3.14159
  def output
    puts GRAVITY
    puts PI
  end
end

Example.new.output
# => 9.8
# => 3.14159

Instance variables

Instance variables (defined by a name starting with @) exist within the context of an instance. Each instance of a class has its own version of the instance variable, so they are useful for storing attributes of an object.

class Planet
  def initialize name
    @name = name
   end

   def display_name
     puts @name
    end
end

earth = Planet.new("Earth")
earth.display_name
# => "Earth"

mars = Planet.new("Mars")
mars.display_name
# => "Mars"

Class variables

Class variables are similar to instance variables except there is only one copy of the variable for the whole class, and that variable can be accessed anywhere inside the class scope. They are defined with a name starting with @@. They can be useful for, among other things, keeping track of how
many instances of the class there are, as in this example:

class Planet
  @@count_planets = 0

  def initialize name
    @name = name
    @@count_planets += 1
  end
end

Further reading

Ruby Variable Scope - Techtopia

Ruby Tutorial: Scope - The New Circle

Ruby Variables, Constants, and Literals - Tutorials Point

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Want to control everything? But life is not a scientific experiment. It's impossible to control everything Try to do something on vacation that scares you, okay? Yes Exclusive entrance voucher Quest room ..... Find a way out of our diving room and get a million dollars. Interesting and when will the game start? I think this is the quest room looking for clues, what kind of clues? Anything that resembles a riddle or some kind of code The dial is like an oven.
This is not an illusion getting warmer. Sorry, we want a hint. And this is not funny It has become much hotter. How to get out of here? 451 degrees Fahrenheit, here! Here is this detailing. What are you carrying? It was real Stupid question: are we out? The sooner we understand, the sooner we get Who did this? They follow, they know our every step! They knew everything about us I was in this hospital, I, too, everything was created especially for us. Have you ever had visions before? But I did not attach it Survival is a choice.


text:
Digital technology to automate Thai petrochemical plant
Emerson Process Management has been selected by the PTT Aromatics and Refining Public Company (PTTAR) to provide state-of-the-art digital technology for an aromatics plant under construction in Rayong Province, Thailand. The PTTAR Reformer and Aromatics Complex II Project scheduled for completion in 2008 will make PTTAR the largest aromatics producer in Southeast Asia.
After originally specifying a conventional instrumentation and control system, PTTAR and its contractors chose Emerson's PlantWeb with Foundation fieldbus technology. The PlantWeb architecture employs digital communication and intelligent, microprocessor-based field instruments, valves, digital systems, and software to enable plant personnel to monitor operations remotely, and to receive data that alerts them to any potential malfunction before it happens.
PlantWeb digital architecture, using fieldbus technology, delivers substantial benefits in reduced costs, along with producing fast and reliable system data, support for distributed control in the field, and self-diagnostics, which lead to fewer unexpected equipment failures, safer operations, and lower maintenance costs.
"PTTAR expects installation of Emerson technology to help increase its production capacity to 1.1 million tons per year," said MC Lee, Vice President, SK Engineering and Construction, one of the main contractors. "We chose the PlantWeb digital plant architecture as the best means of implementing fieldbus following visits to other fieldbus-based plants where we witnessed Emerson's leadership with this technology.
"The automation project was very capably engineered and managed by Emerson Process Management Asia Pacific, headquartered in Singapore, and supported by their project teams in Thailand and Korea,"
"This landmark project features an outstanding PlantWeb digital architecture approach that we designed specifically for PTT Aromatics and Refining Public Company," commented John Berra, President of Emerson Process Management. "The many significant advantages offered by this technology convinced the PTTAR design engineers and their construction contractors that switching from conventional distributed control in the original plant was in the best interest of PTTAR and would result in sustainable operating advantages over the years." said Mr. Prachurn On-Eiam, Project Director, PTTAR.


Kaptein Amit Sharma (25) tjenestegjorde i Indias Second Battalion, Fourth Ghurkha regiment i UNIFIL og forteller i denne artikkelen om sitt møte med Sør-Libanon og UNIFIL. IBL ES SAQI, Occupied South Lebanon , Nov 24 (IPS) - Captain Amit Sharma says he feels a tinkling in his heart at the thought that by the end of this month he will leave behind an eerie place, marked by the awkward atmosphere of occupation.
Sharma, 25, came to Lebanon a year ago with the 670-strong Indian army's Second Battalion, Fourth Ghurkha regiment, serving with the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (Unifil). They replaced a Norwegian battalion, which served with Unifil since the peacekeeping force was created in 1978.
Poorer than the Norwegians, the Indians have not contributed much to the local economy, but have gained a higher reputation when it comes to help and protect the population - and enforce rules upon Israeli forces.
''I feel part of Lebanon, I feel I belong here now,'' said Sharma. ''I went back to India for a month during my year here, I was watching TV at home and there was a Lebanese singer I recognised, I realised I had missed Lebanon, it was great to come back,'' he added.
Sharma read a lot on Lebanon. His interest in the country and the mission seem even more obvious when in a drive after nightfall, he is able to correctly point out all villages in the distance and name them.
''I didn't feel I was away from home, our two cultures are very alike. Except for the language, there isn't much difference,'' said Sharma.
''I expected war with bombs raining all around our positions, lots of lengthy tedious mine clearing. This is far quieter than what we face at home,'' said Pedram. ''Also we know that we are not the target and warfare technology is better here, better targeted,'' he added.
The war in south Lebanon is a war of attrition by local guerrilla Hizballah to drive out Israel, which occupies a strip of south Lebanon since 1978. Except for occasional large-scale operations by the Israelis, warfare is low in intensity.
Unlike all other battalions of Unifil which are deployed outside the Israeli-controlled area (ICA), the Indians' area of deployment falls inside the ICA and is therefore not subject to daily Israeli shelling.
But they witness mainly road-side bombs against Israelis and their allies, the South Lebanese army. The Israelis determined the limits and size of the occupied zone when they withdrew in 1985.
Yet danger and fear of the occupier are still on the agenda for the locals and the Indian battalion (Indbatt) seems to have gone a step further than the Norwegians in its peacekeeping.
''The Israelis had become used to driving through Unifil checkpoints without showing their ID. But we've made it clear that they have to abide by the rules,'' said information officer, Azad Ruhail.
The Indians also added a third company in their area of deployment, based in the remote village of Shebaa, in the mountains, to improve observation and control over their area and also reassure inhabitants of Shebaa where incidents were common. They also reused roads, which the Norwegians had given up driving on.
But things didn't look that easy when the Indians first arrived in Lebanon last year. They were not cheered by a community whose income depends largely on peace-keepers' spending. - local restaurants and shops had grown used to the presence of the well-paid Norwegians for 21 years.
When word came out that the Indians were to replace the Norwegians, local shopkeepers complained openly about having a third-world country sent to their town for a peace-keeping mission.
Fears have been expressed at the increasing tendency for peacekeeping missions to be exclusively made up of developing countries with no weight in international politics. In Lebanon, Ireland and Finland are the two only industrial countries still serving today, along with battalions from Ghana, Nepal, Fiji,.
But in the absence of international political determination to fulfil Unifil's mandate - oversee the withdrawal of the Israeli army from south Lebanon - what matters most about Unifil's role is the humanitarian assistance it gives to locals.
To remind the Lebanese of the first Indian battalion to serve in Lebanon, the Mahatma Ghandi Park was built in the town, under the supervision of Major Pedram and inaugurated in October. The locals have already taken to sitting on the park's benches to enjoy the afternoon sun.


text:
Browse by Goldsmiths authors: Gaber, Ivor
Jump to: Article | Book | Book Section | Report
Gaber, Ivor. 2007. Too much of a good thing: the 'problem' of political communications in a mass media democracy. Journal of Public Affairs, 7(3), pp. 219-234. ISSN 1472-3891 [Article]
Gaber, Ivor. 2003. Alastair Campbell, exit stage left: a new chapter in political communications or just another spin? Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 25, ISSN 1362-6620 [Article]
Gaber, Ivor; Bartle, John; Tapper, Ted and Hanley, Sean. 2002. The Control Freaks: How New Labour Gets its Own Way. Party Politics, 8(1), pp. 143-152. ISSN 1354-0688 [Article]
Gaber, Ivor. 2000. Government by Spin: an analysis of the process. Media, Culture and Society, 22(4), pp. 507-518. ISSN 0163-4437 [Article]
Gaber, Ivor. 2000. Lies, damn lies... and political spin. British Journalism Review, 11(1), pp. 60-70. ISSN 0956-4748 [Article]
Gaber, Ivor and Phillips, Angela. 2000. Practising What We Preach: the role of practice in media degrees—and journalism teaching in particular. Journal of Media Practice, 1(1), pp. 49-54. ISSN 1468-2753 [Article]
Curran, James P.; Gaber, Ivor and Petley, J.. 2005. Culture Wars: The Media and the British Left. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 0748619178 [Book]
Gaber, Ivor. 2004. Driven to Distraction: An Analysis of the Media's Coverage of the Introduction of the London Congestion Charge. London: Goldsmiths, University of London. ISBN 978-1904158462 [Book]
Gaber, Ivor. 2002. The Role of the Media in the Ukrainian National Elections 2002. Dusseldorf: European Institute for the Media. [Book]
Gaber, Ivor and Barnett, Steve. 2001. Westminster Tales: The Twenty-First-Century Crisis In Political Journalism: The 21st Century Crisis in British Political Journalism. London: Continuum. [Book]
Gaber, Ivor; Chapman, Graham; Fraser, Caroline and Kumar, Keval. 1997. Environmentalism and the Mass Media: The North/South Divide. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415155045 [Book]
Gaber, Ivor and Aldridge, Jane. 1994. In the Best Interests of the Child: Culture, Identity and Transracial Adoption. London: Free Association Books. ISBN 978-1853431524 [Book]
Gaber, Ivor and Willson, Alice Wynne. 2004. Dying for diamonds: the mainstream media and NGOs – a case study of ActionAid. In: Wilma de Jong, ed. Global Activism, Global Media. London: Pluto Press, pp. 95-109. ISBN 978-0745321950 [Book Section]
Gaber, Ivor. 2002. A History of the Concept of Public Service Broadcasting. In: Phillip Collins, ed. Culture or Anarchy: The Future of Public Service Broadcasting. The Social Market Foundation. ISBN 978-1874097839 [Book Section]
Gaber, Ivor. 2001. Conflict and compromise: the problematics of reporting the Northern Ireland Troubles. In: , ed. 'Media and Politics' proceedings of the 50th Anniversary Symposium of the Japan Society for Studies in Journalism & Mass Communications. [Book Section]
Gaber, Ivor. 2001. Covering Parliament. In: A Briggs and P Copley, eds. Media Studies Handbook (Second Edition). London: Longman. [Book Section]
Gaber, Ivor. 2000. The Greening of the Public, Politics and the Press, 1985-1999. In: Joe Smith, ed. The Daily Globe: Environmental Change, the Public and the Media. London: Earthscan. ISBN 978-1853836640 [Book Section]
Gaber, Ivor. 1998. Television and Politics. In: C Geraghty and D Lusted, eds. New Approaches to Television Studies. London: Arnold. [Book Section]
Gaber, Ivor and Wardle, Adrian. 2002. Making an Impact: the local promotion of electoral issues'. Project Report. The Electoral Commission. [Report]