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Pellet gun shatters school bus window in Murphy; Police searching for suspect
MURPHY, NC - Shortly after 4:00 pm this afternoon, the Cherokee County 911 Dispatch Center received a call regarding one of the Cherokee County school buses being struck by a projectile and shattering one of the windows. This incident occurred while the bus was traveling on Sunrise Street and Fain Street inside the Murphy town limits. When this occurred, law enforcement officers with the Cherokee County Schools Company Police and the Murphy Police Department, as well as Deputies with the Cherokee County Sheriff's Office, responded to the area.
During this time, there were four Cherokee County students on board the bus ranging from different age groups. No injuries were reported from either the students or the bus driver. These students were then taken home after the incident occurred. Initially it was thought that a small caliber rifle or handgun round struck the window, but upon further investigation, a small pellet fired from a pellet gun was located.
"The Murphy Police Department would like to thank all of the assisting agencies and the Cherokee County 911 Dispatch Center for their assistance in this matter. We are fortunate that no one was injured in this incident. To the school bus driver, the students and their parents, please rest assured that we are doing everything within our power to locate the suspects responsible for this. This investigation is still ongoing and we will keep the public aware of any changes as it continues."
Thank You, Chief Justin J. Jacobs
Justin J. Jacobs
Households of Cherokee County Can Apply for Low-Income Energy Assistance Starting Dec. 3
The federally funded Low-Income Energy Assistance Program provides eligible households with a one-time payment to their heating vendor to offset the high cost of heating during the cold-weather months. Depending on the household's primary heating source, the payment will be $200, $300 or $400.
Last year, the program provided approximately $32 million to help 128,160 households pay their heating bills from December 2017 through March 2018.
To be eligible, a person must:
Have at least one U.S. citizen or non-citizen who meets eligibility criteria
Have income equal to or less than 130 percent of the federal poverty limit, such as:
For a household of one, an income of $15,782 or less
For a family of four, an income of $32,630 or less
Have resources, such as saving and checking accounts, cash on hand, at or below $2,250
Be responsible for their heating cost
Cherokee County households who want to apply for energy assistance can only do so in person at the Cherokee County Department of Social Services office:
4800 W US Highway 64 Murphy, NC 28906
The office will be accepting applications from households with a person aged 60 or more, or someone receiving benefits from the NC Division of Aging and Adult Services from Monday, Dec. 3, through Monday, Dec. 31, with the exception of Dec 24-26th, when the Cherokee County Department of Social Services will be closed. Office hours are Monday-Friday 8 am - 5 pm.
All households may apply from Wednesday, Jan. 2, 2019 through Friday, March 29, 2019.
Households that include an enrolled member of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI) living in the five-county service area of Cherokee, Graham, Haywood, Jackson and Swain counties, wishing to apply for the Low-Income Energy Assistance Program must do so through the EBCI at https://ebci.com/. This includes enrolled EBCI members on and off the Qualla Boundary in the five counties.
Detention Issues/Reorganization of Jail Administration Cherokee County Detention Center
On November 29, 2018, Sheriff Derrick Palmer announced that after conferring with District Attorney Ashley Welch, a joint request to the North Carolina State Bureau of Investigation was made to investigate any and all allegations of impropriety at the Cherokee County Detention Center since Dec 1, 2014. A previous request was made by Sheriff Palmer in early November 2018 concerning allegations of inmate assaults.
As a new administration takes office in the detention center December 3, 2018, Sheriff Palmer wants to ensure that all allegations have been thoroughly investigated by an independent law enforcement agency and reviewed by the District Attorney's Office for appropriate action if it is required. Sheriff Palmer has spoken with the agent that is conducting the investigation and encouraged the agent to interview any and all current or former employees of the Cherokee County Sheriff's Office and offered to make available any and all Sheriff's Office records for review and inspection.
Sheriff Palmer hopes that this investigation will clear up any allegations of improprieties that may have occurred in the past and hopes that this investigation will restore public trust and confidence in the detention center and the employees who serve there on a daily basis.
This press release by Cherokee County Sheriff's Office is in response to several newspaper articles and radio interviews. Carolina Public Press has spent months investigating allegations.
Previous reports by Carolina Public Press on the Cherokee County Detention Center
Nov. 29: DA wants SBI to probe treatment of chained, naked inmate at NC jail, link
Nov. 28: Emails about naked, chained inmate appear to contradict NC sheriff, link
Nov. 2: Cherokee jail administrator resigns, sheriff promises change, link
Oct. 29: Former guards allege pattern of inmate abuse at NC county jail, link
Jun 1: Guard fired after scrap with inmate questions handling of case as SBI investigates, link
The Career Technical Education (CTE) Department of Cherokee County Schools will be sharing CTE student spotlights throughout the 2018-2019 school year. Each grading period, a student currently enrolled in a CTE course, will be chosen for the CTE student spotlight. We are delighted to introduce the students chosen from our first grading period.
Andrews High School – SPENCER HYDAS
Nominated by our CTE teacher, Griffin Anderson. Spencer is a 11th grade student at AHS and currently enrolled in the CTE class, FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. Spencer plans to utilize the College and Career Promise program to take mechanics classes at Tri-County Community College. Ultimately, he would like to pursue a career as an aircraft mechanic.
Hiwassee Dam High School – KRISTIAN ROMESBERG
Nominated by our CTE teacher, Rhonda Leblanc. Kristian is a 9th grade student at HDHS and currently enrolled in the CTE class, FOODS I. Kristian plans to graduate as a Restaurant & Food/Beverage Service Pathway Completer. She also plans to utilize the College and Career Promise program to take cosmetology classes at Tri-County Community College.
Murphy High School – JADEN MINARY
Nominated by our CTE teacher, Dana Anderson. Jaden is a 12th grade student at MHS and currently enrolled in DIGITAL MEDIA II. Jaden has learned a lot about digital editing and recommends other students should enroll in DIGITAL MEDIA I.
To learn more about these CTE classes and programs please contact the Career Development Coordinator, Meridith Jorgensen at meridith.jorgensen@cherokee.k12.nc.us
Citizen tip leads to arrests for drugs and fugitives
Murphy, NC— Sheriff Derrick Palmer announced the November 09th, 2018 arrest of 31 year old Matthew Wondra of Andrews, North Carolina and 20 year old Katelyn Helmick of Sylvania, Georgia for controlled substance violations and being fugitives from justice.
During the evening hours of November 09th, 2018, the Cherokee County Sheriff's Office received information that a female was selling controlled substances at a local convenience store. Deputies went to the area and were able to locate the vehicle that Helmick and Wondra were occupying at the time. During the investigation, a search of the vehicle and persons of Helmick and Wondra recovered controlled substances, paraphernalia and US currency. Additionally, a wants and warrant check of both Helmick and Wondra revealed they were wanted in Georgia in connection with a major theft investigation.
Matthew Wondra was arrested and taken to the Cherokee County Detention Center where he was incarcerated for PWIMSD METHAMPHETAMINE, MAINTAIN PLACE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, POSSESS SCHEDULE II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, EXTRADITION/FUGITIVE OTHER STATE, POSSESS MARIJUANA UP TO 1/2 OZ, SIMPLE POSSESSION SCHEDULE IV CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, POSSESS DRUG PARAPHERNALIA. Wondra is currently free after posting a $30,000.00 secure bond and has a November 29th, 2018 court date.
Katelyn Helmick was arrested and taken to the Cherokee County Detention Center where she was incarcerated for PWIMSD METHAMPHETAMINE, MAINTAIN PLACE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, POSSESS SCHEDULE II CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, EXTRADITION/FUGITIVE OTHER STATE, POSSESS MARIJUANA UP TO 1/2 OZ, SIMPLE POSSESSION SCHEDULE IV CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, POSSESS DRUG PARAPHERNALIA. Helmick is currently being held on a $30,000.00 secure bond and has a November 29th, 2018 court date.
Sheriff Derrick Palmer stated, "I want to commend the deputies on this arrest. They were diligent and pursued the investigation and not only took dangerous drugs off the street, but also located wanted fugitives. I would like to add that from this investigation we feel we can follow leads that will further our fight against the distribution of illegal substances in Cherokee County."
To report suspicious activity and suspect violations of the law please call 828-837-1344 or submit a tip at crime.tips@cherokeecounty-nc.gov.
Valley River Employee Arena Hall-Miller Returns from Life-Changing and Live-Saving Trip to Zambia
Arena Hall-Miller (left-center) poses in Zambia during a Clean the World Service Trip
In August, Blairsville resident Arena Hall-Miller, Housekeeping Supervisor at Harrah's Cherokee Valley River Casino & Hotel, was a winner of the Caesars' 2018 Clean the World Employee Contest. Clean the World is a 501(c)(3) charitable organization whose goal is to reduce hotel waste and at the same time provide life-saving hygiene products to those in need around the world.
The highlight of Arena's award was an all-expense paid service trip to Zambia to assist Clean the World in distributing recycled hygiene products to those in need. Arena was accompanied by 2 other employee award recipients from Caesars casinos as well as Executive Director & CEO Sam Stephens, members of Children International and The Caesars Foundation.
During her trip, Arena had the opportunity to visit three community centers, the homes of children sponsored by Clean the World and the Children International office to learn about their everyday operations and how they make a difference within the communities. Arena, along with other volunteers, distributed an estimated 2,500 pounds of soap, serving 14,000 kids.
"The most memorable part of the trip was when we would arrive at all of the centers and could see the excitement in all of the children's faces," said Arena. "They appreciated what we had done for them, and having them sing and dance for us was truly amazing!"
To Arena, being a Clean the World recipient for 2018 has been an honor. "I am grateful and honored to have been part of this global service trip," said Arena. "I would like to thank my team for always going above and beyond, Caesars Entertainment for the opportunity to see how we can make a difference in other people's lives, and Sam Stephens, Melanie Schwartz, and Jessica Pederson from Clean the World and Children International for a great experience."
Erlanger Murphy nurse recognized with DAISY Foundation award
Erlanger Murphy CEO Mark Kimball with DAISY Award winner Audrey Hedden and Chief Nursing Officer, Teresa Bowleg, MSN, RN.
Murphy, N.C. – On November 5, Erlanger Murphy Medical Center and the Nurse Professional Practice Council honored a nine outstanding nurses through the DAISY Award for Extraordinary Nurses ceremony.
The DAISY Award is a national award to honor nurses who define patient and family centered care. Audrey Hedden, BSN, won the 2018 DAISY Award for her dedication to providing comprehensive care extending beyond medical needs to her patients. The eight other nominees were Stephanie Forbess, BSN; Dana Hill, RN; Linda Hoefsmit, RN; Vickie Martin, RN; Melissa Myers, RN; Katie Moore, RN, FNP; Dawn Roper, RN; and Brandi Welch, RN. All of the nurses were recognized with stories detailing their outstanding patient-centered care they continuously provide.
Hedden was honored for her extraordinary effort to ensure that a homeless patient was well taken care of after discharge. She gathered supplies, food and even a new backpack for the patient so that his needs could still be met even after his discharge. Her compassion and serving heart earned her this year's DAISY Award.
The DAISY Foundation was created in 1999 after Patrick Barnes passed away from Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura. His family wanted a way to honor him and show appreciation for the nurses' compassion and kindness they extended to the whole family during his eight-week stay in the hospital. DAISY was born from his wife, Tena's, imagination standing for Diseases Attacking the Immune System and through this the award for Extraordinary Nurses was created.
For more information about the DAISY Foundation or the DAISY Award for Extraordinary Nurses, please visitwww.DAISYfoundation.org.
DAISY Award nominees from left to right: Brandi Welch, RN; Dawn Roper, RN; Katie Moore, RN, FNP; Melissa Myers, RN; Vickie Martin, RN; Linda Hoefsmit, RN; Dana Hill, RN; Audrey Hedden, BSN, RN and not pictured: Stephanie Forbess, BSN, RN
WNC Forum on Drug and Human Trafficking
On Thursday, November 8, Harrah's Cherokee Casino Resort in Cherokee, NC hosted a forum on drug and human trafficking with local law enforcement and social service organizations. Seventy attendees representing 17 organizations from across Western North Carolina gathered for the event. The intertwined issues of drug and human trafficking effect the entire country as well as our rural and seemingly isolated communities.
The meeting was led by Dr. Halleh Seddighzadeh, an international counter-trafficking advisor and Forensic Traumatologist. She has worked in refugee settings, war torn and crisis-affected communities with child and adult survivors of trafficking and torture in the Middle East doing psychological first aid and investigative research. Dr. Seddighzadeh frequently provides consultation and training to law enforcement agencies, service providers, faith-based organizations, prosecutors, investigators, medical practitioners as well as international and domestic businesses on trauma-sensitive best practices.
It was the first forum of this nature in Western North Carolina. Attendees included the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI) Family Safety Program, EBCI District Attorney's Office, REACH of Haywood, Macon, Clay & Cherokee Counties, Cherokee Indian Police Department, Andrews Police Department, as well as Haywood and Macon county Sheriff offices. The different organizations discussed their individual, local needs and shared their thoughts on how to work together to combat drug and human trafficking more effectively.
Jo Ray, Regional Vice President of Community Relations and Employee Wellness at Harrah's Cherokee said of the event, "It is important for Harrah's Cherokee to be involved as we are dedicated to ensuring the communities in which we live and work are thriving and safe."
"Operation Paladin" Targets On-line Child Predators
The following press release has been issued by Georgia Bureau of Investigations.
(Bartow County - 11/5/2018) – As a result of a proactive undercover investigation coordinated by the Georgia Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Force, the Georgia Bureau of Investigation's Child Exploitation and Computer Crimes Unit (CEACC), and the Bartow County Sheriff's Office, 20 people were arrested over a four-day period beginning Thursday, November 1, 2018. Those arrested were charged with O.C.G.A. 16-12-100.2, Computer or Electronic Pornography and Child Exploitation Prevention Act of 2007 and/or O.C.G.A 16-5-46, Trafficking of Persons for Labor or Sexual Servitude. Additional charges may be forthcoming.
"Operation Paladin" was a four-day proactive effort centered in Bartow County, GA. The operation took several months of planning. The arrestees, ranging in age from 20 to 59, traveled from areas around Northwest Georgia with the intent to meet a child for sex. One person that was arrested was a registered sex offender. Multiple people were arrested that were in possession of suspected illegal drugs. One person was arrested in possession of a firearm. Twenty-four (24) mobile phones were seized as evidence during the operation.
The goal of "Operation Paladin" was to arrest persons who communicate with children on-line and then travel to meet them for the purpose of having sex. Additionally, the operation targeted those that are willing to exploit children by purchasing sex with a minor. On-line child predators visit chat rooms and websites on the internet, find children, begin conversations with them, introduce sexual content and arrange a meeting with the children for the purpose of having sex. The children these predators target are both boys and girls. Since 2014, the Georgia ICAC Task Force has arrested over 100 people in similar operations.
Over the course of the operation, over 30 cases were established that met the threshold for arrest. Twenty of those cases were concluded with arrests. During the multi-day operation, investigators had more than 200 exchanges with subjects on various social media or internet platforms. Many of those were exchanges in which the subject initiated contact with whom they believed to be a minor and directed the conversation towards sex. In some of those cases, the subject introduced obscene or lewd content, often exposing the minor (undercover) to pornography or requesting the child take nude or pornographic images for them. About half of the exchanges involved websites used for dating, socializing, or even websites used for classified advertisements.
Although some websites promote themselves as being for "adults-only" it is not uncommon for law enforcement to work cases in which children access these sites, establish profiles claiming to be older, and then find themselves vulnerable to victimization, harassment, blackmail, or assault. Several subjects were identified as communicating simultaneously with multiple investigators posing as minors. Such activity confirms what investigators uncover conducting these types of investigations: that many predators specifically seek out minors on such websites to groom them as potential victims for sexual contact.
Along with those agencies who participated in the planning and coordinating of the operation, twelve (12) additional law enforcement agencies participated in "Operation Paladin" as members of the Georgia ICAC Task Force. These agencies were:
Bartow-Cartersville Drug Task Force
Cartersville Police Department
Conyers Police Department
Floyd County Police Department
Forsyth County Sheriff's Office
GBI-Georgia Information Sharing and Analysis Center (GISAC)
Gwinnett County Police Department
Hall County Sheriff's Office
Marietta Police Department
Polk County Police Department
United States Department of Homeland Security
The proactive on-line investigation was a coordinated effort among the participating law enforcement agencies to combat this activity. Bartow County Sheriff Clark Millsap stated, "This operation is a prime example of interagency planning and cooperation. I am proud that we were able to host the Georgia ICAC Task Force at our facility to carry it out. Moreover, I hope that these arrests send a loud and clear message: the Bartow County Sheriff's Office has a zero-tolerance policy for exploitation of children. We will continue to work with the ICAC Task Force whenever needed to stop these predators. Bartow County is a great community and we will work relentlessly to ensure that it remains a safe place for our children." GBI Special Agent in Charge, and Commander of the Georgia Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Force, Debbie Garner remarked "The Bartow County Sheriff's Office is one of our most active member agencies. We appreciate their daily efforts to combat child exploitation. This type of cooperation and collaboration is invaluable in the effort to keep our children safe from predators who seek to harm them. This successful operation was a true partnership between all the agencies involved. We will continue to aggressively work together to protect our children."
The following were arrested and charged in Bartow County as part of "Operation Paladin":
Randall Ball, W/M, Acworth, GA, 25 years of age, grocery stocker
Bailey Brown, W/M, Jasper, GA, 29 years of age, emergency home repair responder
Richard Brown, W/M, Trion, GA, 53 years of age, mill worker
Steven Byers, W/M, Jasper, GA, 33 years of age, electrician
Bryan Cain, W/M, Calhoun, GA, 36 years of age, unemployed/college student
Jeffrey Coleman, W/M, Cartersville, GA, 52 years of age, glass technician
Michael Crider, W/M, Cartersville, GA, 51 years of age, CAD operator
Daniel Dorough, W/M, Cartersville, GA, 56 years of age, self-employed landscaper
Daniel Ewart, W/M, Cartersville. GA, 38 years of age, tow truck driver
Shawn Jeffrey, B/M, Powder Springs, GA, 26 years of age, pest control technician
Clarence Mann, W/M, Kingston, GA, 59 years of age, truck driver
Vernale Mascall, B/M, Cartersville, GA, 25 years of age, fast food worker
Rick Paul, B/M, Dallas, GA, 25 years of age, Certified Nursing Assistant
Isaac Sanchez, H/M, Summerville, GA, 20 years of age, painter
Charlie Smith III, W/M, Cartersville, GA, 45 years of age, patient care technician
Thomas Smith, B/M, Rome, GA, 43 years of age, delivery driver
Timothy Smith, W/M, Cartersville, GA, 57 years of age, customer service
Conner Thrash, W/M, Woodstock, GA, 28 years of age, truck driver
Michael Turner, W/M, Villa Rica, GA, 37 years of age, unemployed
Michael Wills, W/M, Cartersville, GA, 34 years of age, tree service employee
The Georgia ICAC Task Force is comprised of 230+ local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies, other related criminal justice agencies and prosecutor's offices. The mission of the ICAC Task Force, created by the U. S. Department of Justice and managed and operated by the GBI in Georgia, is to assist state and local law enforcement agencies in developing an effective response to cyber enticement and child pornography cases. This support encompasses forensic and investigative components, training and technical assistance, victim services, prevention and community education. The ICAC Program was developed in response to the increasing number of children and teenagers using the internet, the proliferation of child pornography, and the heightened online activity by predators searching for unsupervised contact with underage victims. By helping state and local law enforcement agencies develop effective and sustainable responses to online child victimization and child pornography, the ICAC program delivers national resources at the local level. Arrests made by the Georgia ICAC Task Force have been steadily increasing over the last 3 years. In 2014, the GA ICAC Task Force made 196 arrests. The Georgia ICAC Task Force made 244 arrests in 2015, and in 2016, the Georgia ICAC Task Force made 340 arrests. In 2017, The Georgia ICAC Task Force made 350 arrests. The Georgia ICAC Task Force has made over 2,000 arrests since its inception in 2002.
Murphy man arrested for sexual assault
Murphy, NC— Sheriff Derrick Palmer announced the October 30th, 2018 arrest of Harry James Verner, a 18-year-old Murphy, North Carolina man for charges stemming from the sexual assault of a minor.
On or about October 15th, 2018 the Cherokee County Sheriff's Office was notified that a young child had been sexually assault on or about October 13th, 2018 at a residence in the Hiwassee Dam Community of Cherokee County, North Carolina. Pursuant to that information an investigation was conducted in which Verner was identified as the suspect which lead to his October 30th, 2018 arrest.
Harry James Verner is currently being held in the Cherokee County Detention Center for First Degree Statutory Sexual Offense with a Child and Taking Indecent Liberties with a Child. Verner's secure bond is currently $200,000.00. Verner currently has November 08th, 2018 District Court date.
Sheriff Derrick Palmer stated, "We thank the Cherokee County Schools and the District Attorney's Office for their cooperation and assistance in this investigation. These are difficult cases for all concerned. Because of the age of the victim and the nature of the crime there will be no further press releases from this office."


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David Mesa
Can Can Press
[34] p.
Named for the Nirvana song "Smells Like Teen Spirit," Colombian photographer David Mesa captures the mood of the grunge movement in this zine, which focuses primarily on portraits of youths in both interior, private spaces, such their bedrooms and cars, and public spaces devoid of interpersonal opportunity—an empty laundromat, a desolate strip of highway at night, West 46th Street off Times Square in New York City.
The fluorescent colors of Mesa's photographs, augmented by the layered method of the Risograph color printing process, reflect the presence of motifs such as neon signage, car headlights at night, and street lighting within this series of images. This emphasis on light works in tandem with a literal focus on reflectivity, both in the presence of reflective surfaces within the images, such as windows and glasses, and mirrored objects, including a car's rear view mirror and a disco ball.
Mirthe Berentsen
Stories from Kings County Hospital
Emoji_light
Emoji_dark
Gold lines
Trio_cool
Trio_warm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Evolution of Mario & Luigi
Thread starter JN News
JN News
I had the chance to remember the first game that they appeared in during the NES days, it began with The Original "Mario Bros." video game, and then, the famous "Super Mario Bros." games. Also, there's the video game for the NES called "Wrecking Crew" where they also starred in. Super Mario Bros. 1, 2, and 3. Then there's Super Mario Bros.:The Lost Levels. And then, there's Super Mario World. Mario & Luigi have come a LONG way from where they started, with the recent and current games they're in, they truely have a long legacy in the video game business.
Master Thrasher
Seven Time Tetris 99 Champ!
I grew up with the Mario games in the 8-bit world. I think my dad was the only one in the house who could beat Super Mario 1-3. I can beat 1 and 3 but not 2. I really like Super Mario World. I replay it at least once a year. It's a short game and I wish the SNES had another Mario platformer. Yoshi's Island doesn't count but it's a good game too. I got all 120 stars in Super Mario 64. I don't think I can do that again. Sunshine didn't click with me for whatever reason.
I like the new 2D games Nintendo's put out.
How about Super Mario All-Stars? They made those classic games much better with the graphics and what have you.
Winter Epicland
Epic Reine
Super Mario RPG where you get to fight the Power Rangers is one of my all-time favorite SNES games. I never cared for the Paper Mario sequel series.
In terms of the 3D era, I remember not caring too much for Sunshine but the Galaxy/Odyssey games are awesome. I also like the remade 2D they keep releasing. I remember killing a lot of time with New Super Mario Bros. for the Wii.
I love All Stars. I have Wii version of it. I hope Nintendo Online adds it as a game.
Mr. S£im Citrus
Representing Blacks Without Soul since 1975
Relevant webcomic (?):
https://www.webtoons.com/en/challenge/but-what-if-though/that-peach-aint-for-you/viewer?title_no=359296&episode_no=3


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Q: Does $2x^5 - x^4 - 22x^3 - 23x^2 + 22x +24 = 0$ have exact solutions in radicals?
Does $2x^5 - x^4 - 22x^3 - 23x^2 + 22x +24 = 0$ have exact solutions in radicals?

A mysterious commenter said on Youtube this was the "easiest quintic equation of my life," and I'm suspecting a troll is afoot. In fact, I believe the opposite is true, this is unsolvable in radicals and you need to prove it.
Symbolab gave up.
Update: Aahaan now says "bro i just took a bunch of linear equations and multiplied them to get this. Now we can factor it into them." The similar equation
$$x^5 - 2x^4 - 22x^3 - 23x^2 + 22x +24 = 0$$
has roots $-2, 1$ and reduces to a straightforward after polynomial division, so there might've been a typo.

A: Your polynomial $2x^5-x^4-22x^3-23x^2+22x+24$ has no solution in radical it's Galois group is the symmetric group if $5$ objects, on the other hard, $x^5-2x^4-22x^3-23x^2+22x+24$ factors into $(x-1)(x+2)(x^3-3x^2-17x-12)$
Since the polynomials are related in shape
$$2x^5-x^4-22x^3-23x^2+22x+24 = x^5-2x^4-22x^3-23x^2+22x+24 +(x^5+x^4)$$
$$2x^5-x^4-22x^3-23x^2+22x+24 = (x-1)(x+2)(x^3-3x^2-17x-12)+x^4(x+1)$$
There is no common linear factor, I believe it's a typo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The hockey player Ivan Telegin and Russian singer Pelageya played the second wedding in the Maldives
Only now it became known that in July the singer Pelageya and her husband-hockey player played another wedding.
The second wedding ceremony of Pelageya and Ivan Telegin was held in the Maldives, where they had a vacation a month ago. Before the wedding ceremony several procedures were performed in the spa, then the bride made a beautiful hairstyle and make-up, Pelageya refused traditional wreaths and necklaces from flowers. The young ones were led to a decorated arch with flowers and right on the coast, the leader of the ceremony delivered a speech, calling all the elements of nature as witnesses of eternal love and a beautiful union. Then Ivan and Pelageya exchanged vows of loyalty, they were handed a symbolic certificate, and then they were showered with rose petals and rice. During the ceremony, local musicians played romantic melodies. In the evening the couple arranged a romantic dinner on the coast.
In the Maldives, the Telegyn couple was resting together, and the second part of the vacation they spent in Greece - with their daughter. Pelageya shared with her friends that the main event for Taisia, which is now a year and a half, was a children's disco - she danced very dashingly there.
Singer Pelageya and Olympic champion Ivan Telegin got married in the summer of 2016. In the media, there are occasional rumors about problems in the hockey and singer's family, but, as we were told in the couple's surroundings, this is not true. Ivan and Pelageya are all fine: they find time to be alone and raise a daughter, dreaming of a second child.
Recall, in 2017 Pelagia gave birth to Telegin's daughter Taisia. The hockey player also has son Mark with former lover. Telegin became the second husband of the singer: in 2012 Pelageya divorced from Dmitry Efimovich, the director of Comedy Woman. Their marriage lasted two years.
In March, there were rumors, that Pelagia and Ivan on the verge of breaking up. Then Telegin's photo leaked to the Web, on which he is seen kissed by a mysterious brunette. Pelagia has denied the separation rumors , saying, that they are fine.
{ (travel)}
More in this category: « The son of Russian Deputy threw a lavish wedding at a medieval castle on the French Riviera Private island of Mikhail Prokhorov in the Seychelles: the place of honeymoon of George and Amal Clooney »


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The Klos C
IDF captures Iranian ship carrying advanced rockets for Gaza
Cargo of Iranian made long-range missiles were captured en route to Sudan in daring open sea operation, in which elite navy unit raided the vessel
Yoav Zitun|Published: 03.05.14 , 13:30
Israel seized an Iranian ship carrying advanced weapons destined for Gaza on Tuesday night and towed it to the Eilat port, the IDF said Wednesday. Elite troops from the Israel Navy's Shayetet 13 unit boarded the ship in open waters on the maritime border of Sudan and Eritrea, some 1,500 km south of Israel.
The Klos C Iranian vessel was sailing under a Panamanian flag, making its way to Sudan from Iran carrying a cargo of advanced rockets capable of reaching distances of up to 200 km.
IDF Spokesperson's Unit simulation of events:
The Iranian cargo ship carrying arms for Gaza left port ten days ago and was on track to dock in Sudan on Thursday. The 17 crew members on board – representing a variety of nationalities – are being investigated for their involvement in the attempted smuggling operation. Their questioning is expected to continue in Israel.
Iranian Arms Shipment
PM: Iran smiles, but arms terrorists with lethal weapons
Attila Somfavli
Netanyahu praises Mossad and IDF for 'perfect operation to intercept a secret Iranian weapons ship.' Israel plans to use event to make case against nuclear Iran by remaining world of its support of terrorist groups
Netanyahu: Iran smiles, but arms terrorists with lethal weapons
The ship was supposed to reach port in Sudan on Thursday, some 10 days after it left Iran. An initial inventory by Israel revealed a large supply of rockets, including the Iranian-made 302m, which hit Haifa during the 2006 Second Lebanon War.
IDF boarding party on the Klos C (צילום: דובר צה"ל)
IDF boarding party on the Klos C
The rockets originated in Syria, the IDF said, where Iran is known to store large arsenals. The rockets were flown from Syria to Iran, where they were loaded on the ship that then departed for Iraq where the arms were concealed in boxes of cement.
From the Iraqi port of Umm Qasr it sailed into the Red Sea around the Port of Oman, bound for Sudan. The ship's progress was closely tracked by the IDF as it sailed.
Route taken by the Klos C
"There is clear evidence from the ship that these are rockets for which Iran is responsible," a senior IDF source said Wednesday. "The rockets were ... intended for terror groups in Gaza."
The interception operation was conducted under the real-time supervision of IDF Chief of Staff Benny Gantz and Defense Minister Moshe Ya'alon, both of whom were present at an IDF command center.
The army said in a statement that last night, after receiving the cabinet's approval, Chief of Staff Gantz ordered IDF forces to "thwart the operation to transfer ammunition to terror organizations in the Gaza Strip." According to IDF, the operation's success "was made possible due to high quality intelligence."
Navy commandos raided the ship at sea, in accordance with international law, and searched it for ammunition. the IDF said.
"The IDF will continue to fight against the regional arms race led by Iran in an attempt to ignite the region, and will act relentlessly with every means possible to make sure the Israeli people are safe," the statement from the IDF Spokesman's Office continued.
Hamas dismissed the Israeli announcement as a "silly joke".
"This is a new Israeli lie aimed to justify and prolong the blockade of Gaza," said Taher Al-Nono, an advisor of Hamas Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh.
Arms transfer
Israel has long claimed that Iran is transferring arms to terror groups around the world, namely Hezbollah in Lebanon and Hamas in the Gaza Strip, through Sudan and Yemen.
Last April, the Egyptian navy seized a vessel carrying a large arms shipment near the Sinai Peninsula's southern coast. The Anatolia Turkish News Agency reported the ship is an Iranian fishing vessel named "Sawit 1," and reported that 62,283 firearms were found in its cargo, including sniper-rifles, AK-47s, RPGs and large quantities of ammunition.
Iran moves navy fleet into Atlantic in 'message' to US
IDF: Navy stopped boat on suspicion of arms smuggling
Report: Egypt seizes Iranian weapons ship near Sinai
In 2009, the navy's commando force stopped and boarded the Francop, a ship planning to dock in Syria containing massive amounts of Iranian arms indented for Hezbollah.
The most famous such operation was the interception of the Karin-A ship in the Red Sea in 2002. On board tons of munitions were captured en route from Iran to Gaza.
Earlier Wednesday Iran said its powerful Revolutionary Guard has acquired missiles with multiple warheads, a step that it says is a major boost of its defense capabilities.
The claim by Defense Minister Hossein Dehghan is the latest reported advance in Iran's domestic missile production program.
He says Western sanctions have not stopped Iran from augmenting its ability to deter its enemies from attacking the Islamic Republic, a reference to Israel and the US.
His comments were posted on the Guard website, sepahnews.com, Wednesday.
Iran regularly announces breakthroughs in military technology that are impossible to independently verify. But the Pentagon released a rare public report in 2012 noting significant advances in Iranian missile technology, acknowledging that the Islamic Republic has improved the accuracy and firing capabilities.
See all talkbacks "IDF captures Iranian ship carrying advanced rockets for Gaza"


text:
This article is about the city since 1945. For detailed history before 1945, see Königsberg. For other uses, see Kaliningrad (disambiguation).
City in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia
City [1]
Church of the Holy Family; Königsberg Cathedral; "Fishermen's village" in pseudo-historic style; Brandenburg Gate; King's Gate; Pregolya River
Anthem: none[2]
Location of Kaliningrad
Show map of Russia
Kaliningrad (Kaliningrad Oblast)
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Kaliningrad (Baltic Sea)
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Kaliningrad (Europe)
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Coordinates: 54°42′01″N20°27′11″E / 54.70028°N 20.45306°E / 54.70028; 20.45306Coordinates: 54°42′01″N20°27′11″E / 54.70028°N 20.45306°E / 54.70028; 20.45306
Kaliningrad Oblast [1]
1 September 1255[3]
• Body
City Council of Deputies [4]
• Head[4]
Alexey Silanov[5]
475,056 (+10.1%)
40th in 2010
1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to
city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad[1]
• Capital of
Kaliningrad Oblast[8], city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug
Kaliningrad Urban Okrug[9]
UTC+2 (MSK–1 [10])
Postal code(s) [11]
Dialing code(s)
OKTMO ID
City Day
4 July; observed on the first Saturday of July
Klaipėda, Zeitz, Aalborg, Odense, Bremerhaven, Kiel, Rostock, Lichtenberg, Southampton, Cork, Kaunas, Panevėžys, Šiauliai, Vilnius, Groningen, Białystok, Gdańsk, Elbląg, Łódź, Olsztyn, Racibórz, Toruń, Zabrze, Zwolle, Mexico City, Malmö Municipality, Norfolk, Burlöv Municipality, Kalmar Municipality, Omsk, Brest, Cagliari, Cherbourg-Octeville, Dalian, Yerevan, Forlì, Gomel, Guyuan, Hamburg, Grodno, Kętrzyn County, Kherson, Krasnoyarsk, Minsk, Potsdam, Samara, Severodvinsk, Turku, Yaroslavl, Baranavichy, Panevėžys City Municipality, Patras
www.klgd.ru
Kaliningrad (Russian: Калининград, IPA: [kəlʲɪnʲɪnˈɡrat], historically German: Königsberg, Polish: Królewiec,[12] Lithuanian: Karaliaučius) is the largest city and the administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave on the Baltic Sea. At the 2010 Census, Kaliningrad's population was 431,902.[6]
Situated between Poland and Lithuania, both now in the European Union, Kaliningrad was strategically of importance during the Cold War. Following the de facto annexation of the territory, Soviet authorities built a new city that erased most historic links to the old city. In some districts, a few pre-war monuments remain.
1.1 Twangste
1.2 Königsberg
1.3 World War II
1.4 Soviet Union
2 Administrative and municipal status
2.1 City districts
3 Cityscape
3.2 Theatre
3.4 Monuments
3.5 Parks
3.6 Ponds
3.7 Bridges
3.8 Kaliningrad Arena
5.1 Education
5.3 Cuisine
8 Military
8.1 Soviet era
8.2 Russian era
9.1 Poles in Kaliningrad
12 International relations
12.1 Diplomatic missions
12.2 Small border traffic law
12.3 Twin towns and sister cities
12.4 Partner cities
History [ edit ]
See also: Timeline of Kaliningrad
The history of the city may be divided into three periods: the Old Prussian settlement known as Twangste before 1255; the German city of Königsberg from 1255 to 1945; the Russian city from 1945. In 1946 the settlement was renamed Kaliningrad in honour of the Soviet leader Mikhail Kalinin and was largely re-populated with ethnic Russians.
Twangste [ edit ]
Old Prussian clans in the 13th century (Sambia - orange)
Königsberg was preceded by a Sambian (Old Prussian tribe) fort called Twangste (spelled also as Tuwangste or Tvankste), meaning Oak Forest.[13] During the conquest of the Sambians by the Teutonic Knights in 1255, Twangste was destroyed and replaced with a new fortress named Königsberg in the honour of Bohemian king Ottokar II. The declining Old Prussian culture finally became extinct around the 17th century, after the surviving Old Prussians were integrated through assimilation.
Königsberg [ edit ]
Main article: Königsberg
The settlement on the site of present-day Kaliningrad was founded as a military fortress in 1255 after the Prussian Crusade by the Teutonic Knights against Baltic Prussians. The new settlement was named in honour of the Bohemian King Ottokar II. The crusade was followed by immigrant settlers from Germany and other regions of Western Europe. The city and surrounding area became predominantly German, with Polish, Lithuanian and Latvian minorities.
After the secularization of the Teutonic Order in 1525, Königsberg became the capital of the Duchy of Prussia, a fiefdom of the Polish king. As a symbol of its dependence, the black Prussian eagle had a crown thrust around its neck bearing the letter "S" from the Latinised name of the king, "Sigismundus". In 1618 the Duchy of Prussia passed under the control of the Electors of Brandenburg and in 1657 it became a sovereign state independent of the Polish king, controlled in personal union with Brandenburg (usually referred to as Brandenberg-Prussia). From 1701, Brandenberg-Prussia became a Kingdom and the entire area was referred to as the Kingdom of Prussia. While the Brandenberg portion was a part of the Holy Roman Empire and later the German Confederation, Prussia (later called East Prussia) was not included within those territorial boundaries.
In the ensuing two centuries the city, first as part of the Kingdom of Prussia, then from 1866 as part of the North German Confederation, and then from 1871 as part of the German Empire, continued to flourish and many iconic landmarks of Königsberg were built. The city had around 370,000 inhabitants and was a cultural and administrative center of Prussia and the German Empire. Immanuel Kant and E. T. A. Hoffmann, the notable sons of the city, were born during this time.
World War II [ edit ]
In World War II the city of Königsberg was heavily damaged by a British bombing attack in 1944 and the massive Soviet siege in spring 1945. At the end of World War II in 1945, the city became part of the Soviet Union (as part of the Russian SFSR).
Soviet Union [ edit ]
At the Potsdam Conference in 1945 the Allies agreed on the Soviet annexation pending the final determination of territorial questions at the peace settlement:
The Conference has agreed in principle to the proposal of the Soviet Government concerning the ultimate transfer to the Soviet Union of the City of Koenigsberg and the area adjacent to it as described above subject to expert examination of the actual frontier.[14]
The U.S. President Harry Truman and the British Prime Minister Clement Attlee declared that they would support the proposal of the Conference at the forthcoming peace settlement.[15]
Old Prussians (until 1255)
Teutonic Order 1255–1466
Kingdom of Poland 1454-1455
Teutonic Order 1466–1525 (fief of Poland)
Duchy of Prussia 1525–1657 (fief of Poland)
Duchy of Prussia 1657–1701
Kingdom of Prussia 1701–1758
Russian Empire 1758–1764
German Empire 1871–1918
Weimar Germany 1918–1933
Nazi Germany 1933–1945
Soviet Union 1945–1991
Russia 1991–present
On 4 July 1946 the Soviet authorities renamed Königsberg to Kaliningrad[16] following the death on 3 June 1946 of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (titular head of state) of the USSR, Mikhail Kalinin, one of the original Bolsheviks. The surviving German population was forcibly expelled in 1946–1949, and the city was repopulated with Soviet citizens. The city's language of administration was changed from German to Russian.
The city was rebuilt, and as the westernmost territory of the USSR, the Kaliningrad Oblast became a strategically important area during the Cold War. The Soviet Baltic Fleet was headquartered in the city in the 1950s. Because of its strategic importance, Kaliningrad Oblast was closed to foreign visitors.
In 1957 an agreement was signed and later came into force which delimited the border between Poland and the Soviet Union.[17][18]
Russia [ edit ]
Kneiphof island with cathedral
Baltic Fleet HQ (ex-postal admn. bldg.)
Former Königsberg Stock Exchange
Rossgarten Gate, now a restaurant
The town of Baltiysk, just outside Kaliningrad, is the only Russian Baltic Sea port said to be "ice-free" all year round, and the region hence plays an important role in maintenance of the Baltic Fleet.
Due to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Kaliningrad Oblast became an exclave, geographically separated from the rest of Russia. This isolation from the rest of Russia became even more pronounced politically when Poland and Lithuania became members of NATO and subsequently the European Union in 2004. All military and civilian land links between the region and the rest of Russia have to pass through members of NATO and the EU. Special travel arrangements for the territory's inhabitants have been made through the Facilitated Transit Document (FTD) and Facilitated Rail Transit Document (FRTD).
While in the 1990s many Soviet-era city names commemorating Communist leaders were changed (e.g. Leningrad reverting to Saint Petersburg), Kaliningrad remains named as it was.
Since the early 1990s, the Kaliningrad oblast has been a Free Economic Zone (FEZ Yantar). In 2005 the city marked 750 years of existence as Königsberg/Kaliningrad.[19] In July 2007, Russian First Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov declared that if US-controlled missile defense systems were deployed in Poland, then nuclear weapons might be deployed in Kaliningrad. On November 5, 2008, Russian leader Dmitry Medvedev said that installing missiles in Kaliningrad was almost a certainty.[20] These plans were suspended, however, in January 2009.[21]
But during late 2011, a long range Voronezh radar was commissioned to monitor missile launches within about 6,000 kilometres (3,728 miles). It is situated in the settlement of Pionersky (formerly German Neukuhren) in Kaliningrad Oblast.[22]
Even though the current German government has stated it has no claim over Kaliningrad, the former Königsberg, the possibility of such a return to German rule at some future time continues to come up in discussion, creating what is known as "The Kaliningrad question".
In 2018, Kaliningrad hosted some games of the World Cup.
Administrative and municipal status [ edit ]
Kaliningrad is the administrative centre of the oblast.[8] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Kaliningrad is incorporated as Kaliningrad Urban Okrug.[9]
City districts [ edit ]
As of 2014[update], the city was divided into three administrative districts:
Russian name
2010 Census[6]
Moskovsky Московский 152,165 Named after the Russian capital, Moscow
Leningradsky Ленинградский 159,771 Named after Leningrad, now Saint Petersburg
Tsentralny Центральный 119,966 Lit. central, as it lies to the northwest of the historical city center
Two administrative districts were abolished in June 2009:
2002 Census[23]
Baltiysky Балтийский 68,664 Named after the Baltic Sea
Oktyabrsky Октябрьский 43,252 Named after the October Revolution
Cityscape [ edit ]
Museums [ edit ]
Museum of History and Arts, formerly Königsberg's Stadthalle
Kaliningrad has many museums. A few examples are the Immanuel Kant museum on the Kneiphof island, the Regional Museum of History and Arts, which has parts of Königsberg Castle's Prussia Museum of local archaeological findings, and the Kaliningrad Amber Museum, which is situated in the Dohna Tower near the Rossgarten Gate. The city is also home to the Kaliningrad State Art Gallery, established in 1988, that is developing as a contemporary art museum.[24] The Museum of the World's Oceans is located on the former research vessel Wityaz on the shore of the Pregel river. The museum displays the newest technologies on sea research and also shows the diversity of the flora and fauna of the world's oceans. An anchored Foxtrot-class submarine next to the museum, the B-413, hosts an exhibit about the Russian submarine fleet.[citation needed]
Theatre [ edit ]
Kaliningrad Regional Drama Theater
The Kaliningrad Philharmonic Orchestra is accommodated in the former Catholic Church of the Holy Family of Königsberg, built in 1907. The church escaped major damage in World War II and was refurbished afterwards. The building, which has noted acoustics, functions as an organ hall since re-opening in 1980.
The Kaliningrad Regional Drama Theatre is located in the former Königsberg Neues Schauspielhaus, which was opened in 1910. The building was rebuilt after the war using earlier plans for the theatre and opened in 1960. The colonnade in front of the entrance was modelled after the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
The regionally notable Kaliningrad Puppet Theatre has had its seat since 1975 in the Queen Louise Remembrance Church. This neo-romantic church, designed by architect Fritz Heitmann, was built in 1901.
Architecture [ edit ]
King's Gate
Friedrichsburg Gate
The pre-war city center (Altstadt and Kneiphof) currently consists of parks, broad avenues, a square on the site of the former Königsberg Castle, and two buildings: the House of Soviets ("Dom Sovyetov"), roughly on the site of the former castle, and the restored Königsberg Cathedral on the Kneiphof island (now "Kant island"). Immanuel Kant's grave is situated next to the cathedral. Many German-era buildings in the historic city centre have been preserved and even rebuilt, including the reconstruction of the Königsberg Synagogue. The new city centre is concentrated around Victory Square. The Cathedral of Christ the Savior, consecrated in 2005, is located on that square.
The oldest building in Kaliningrad is the Juditten Church (built before 1288). Also worth seeing are the former Stock Exchange, the surviving churches, and the remaining city gates. In counter-clockwise order these gates are: the Sackheim Gate, King's Gate, Rossgarten Gate, Attack Gate (German: Ausfallstor, or Sally Port), Railway Gate (Eisenbahntor), Brandenburg Gate, and Friedland Gate (Friedländer Tor (Kaliningrad) [de]). Apart from the already mentioned Dohna Tower, which houses the Amber Museum, the Wrangel Tower also remains as a reminder of the former Königsberg city walls. Only the gate of the former Fort Friedrichsburg remains.
Monuments [ edit ]
Recast Immanuel Kant statue
Notable monuments include the statue of Immanuel Kant in front of the Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The statue was made by notable sculptor Christian Daniel Rauch and unveiled in 1864. The statue was destroyed in 1945, but was remoulded in 1992 on the initiative of Marion Dönhoff, a native East Prussian who became prominent in the West. Also worth seeing is the Cosmonaut monument, which honours the Kaliningrad cosmonauts Alexei Leonov, Yuri Romanenko and Aleksandr Viktorenko. Other statues and monuments include the statue for Duke Albert, the statue for Friedrich Schiller, the statue for Tsar Peter the Great, Vladimir Vysotsky, the "Mother Russia" monument, and the Monument for the 1200 Guardsmen, remembering the Battle of Königsberg.
Parks [ edit ]
Kaliningrad is a "green" city[citation needed] with a large number of parks and areas with lots of trees and lawns. Parks range from tiny city squares to massive parks.
Youth Recreation Park is one of the well known and popular parks in the city. The park was established in the '20s-'30s in the English style. It reopened its doors post war and was popular among citizens in the '80s-'90s with its beautiful boat house and tennis courts, as well as merry-go-rounds.[25] The park had a massive reconstruction in 2004 adding to the park a cafe, carting, and various modern entertainments. It is located in the quiet area of the city, in Leningradsky area, and is connected to the Lower Pond. Youth Recreation Park provides entertainment for all age groups. There is also Interpersonal Communications Development Central located in the park. Its beautiful building became a popular backdrop for wedding pictures.
The Kaliningrad Zoo was opened as the Königsberg Zoo in 1896. The collection, which extends over 16.5 ha, comprises 315 species with a total of 2,264 individual animals (as of 2005[update]). The Kaliningrad Zoo is also an arboretum.
Ponds [ edit ]
Centrally located in the city is Lower Pond, an artificial lake. Lower Pond is surrounded by a promenade and is an area for recreation especially in summer. North of the Lower Pond is the larger Upper Pond in northern Kaliningrad.
Bridges [ edit ]
Leonhard Euler's 1736 paper on the puzzle of the Seven Bridges of Königsberg was a seminal work in the fields of graph theory and topology. Only two of the structures from his era survive.
Kaliningrad Arena [ edit ]
In 2018, a new stadium, Kaliningrad Arena, was built on the Oktyabsrky Island, near the embankment of the Staraya Pregolya River. The stadium has a seating capacity of 35,000.
Kaliningrad is at the mouth of the navigable Pregolya River, which empties into the Vistula Lagoon, an inlet of the Baltic Sea.
Sea vessels can access Gdańsk Bay/Bay of Danzig and the Baltic Sea by way of the Vistula Lagoon and the Strait of Baltiysk.
Until around 1900, ships drawing more than 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) of water could not pass the bar and come into town;[citation needed] larger vessels had to anchor at Pillau (now Baltiysk), where cargo was transferred to smaller vessels. In 1901, a ship canal between Königsberg and Pillau, completed at a cost of 13 million German marks,[citation needed] enabled vessels of a 6.5 meters (21 ft) draught to moor alongside the town (see also Ports of the Baltic Sea).
The Pregolya River in Kaliningrad
The pseudo-historic "Fishermen's village"
13th century Juditten Church
Climate [ edit ]
This photograph from the ISS captures the two large lagoons to the north and south of Kaliningrad. The dark blue features are land. (From an astronaut's perspective in low-Earth orbit, land surfaces usually appear brighter than water. But in this image, reflected sunlight, or sunglint, inverts this pattern.)
Kaliningrad has a humid continental climate (Dfb or Cfb, depending on the isotherm chosen for class C climates), with cold, cloudy, (though moderate compared to most of Russia) winters and mild summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms. Average temperatures range from −1.5 to +18.1 °C (29.3 to 64.6 °F) and rainfall varies from 36.0 millimeters (1.42 in)/month to 97.0 millimeters (3.82 in)/month. In general, it has maritime climate influences and therefore damp, variable and mild, with vast temperature differences between July and January.
The seasons are clearly differentiated. Spring starts in March and is initially cold and windy, later becoming pleasantly warm and often very sunny. Summer, which begins in June, is predominantly warm but hot at times (with temperature reaching as high as +30–+35 °C (86–95 °F) at least once per year) with plenty of sunshine interspersed with heavy rain. The average annual hours of sunshine for Kaliningrad are 1700,[citation needed] similar to other northern cities. Autumn comes in September and is at first warm and usually sunny, turning cold, damp and foggy in November.[citation needed] Winter includes periods of snow. January and February are the coldest months with the temperature sometimes dropping as low as −15 °C (5 °F).
Climate data for Kaliningrad
(−7.1) −5.8
Average rainy days
14 13 14 14 14 16 15 16 17 18 18 16 185
Average snowy days
15 15 10 3 0.1 0 0 0 0 1 7 13 64
35 61 120 171 253 264 257 228 158 96 38 26 1,707
Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[26]
Source #2: NOAA (sun 1961–1990)[27]
Culture [ edit ]
Rock concert at the Kaliningrad Stadium in June 2019
Education [ edit ]
An important education centre in Kaliningrad is the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University. It is the successor to the Albertina, which was the old university of Königsberg founded in 1544, and whose faculty included noted scholars as Abraomas Kulvietis, Stanislovas Rapalionis, Immanuel Kant, and Jan Mikulicz-Radecki.
Music [ edit ]
The modern city of Kaliningrad is home to the Kaliningrad Regional Philharmonic and Symphony Orchestra, the Lik male chamber choir and the Garmonika Russian music ensemble,[28] as well as the Kaliningrad Chamber Orchestra.[29]
Cuisine [ edit ]
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Königsberger Klopse are a Prussian specialty of meatballs in a white sauce with capers that can be found in many restaurants in Kaliningrad.
Kaliningrad has its own vodka and beer brands, Stari Königsberg and Ostmark respectively. Since the early 1990s many new restaurants have opened in the city. These restaurants offer culinary specialities of former East Prussia, like Königsberger Klopse, but also many fish and salad dishes, Italian pizza and sushi, which is as popular in Kaliningrad as in the rest of Russia. Königsberger Fleck, a bovine tripe soup and yet another culinary specialty from former Königsberg, no longer belongs to the culinary culture of Kaliningrad.
The people of Kaliningrad generally imported their respective culinary traditions to the region when they settled in the area after 1945. Borshch and okroshka may be served as in the rest of Russia. Many Italian and Asian restaurants (or fusions of both traditions) are in operation all over the city. Pizza and sushi are among the most popular dishes today. Fast food is widely available from various chains, including those of foreign origin. Shawarma is also gaining considerable prominence.
Transportation [ edit ]
Kaliningrad Railway station
Tramway in Kaliningrad
Khrabrovo Airport, 24 kilometers (15 mi) north of Kaliningrad, has scheduled and charter services to several destinations throughout Europe. There is the smaller Kaliningrad Devau Airport for general aviation. Kaliningrad is also home to Kaliningrad Chkalovsk naval air base.
In Baltiysk, one can take a ferry to St. Petersburg, Stockholm, Copenhagen, Riga, and Kiel.
Kaliningrad's international railway station is Kaliningrad Juzhnyi, which in German times was known as Königsberg Hauptbahnhof. Trains depart in the directions of Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Adler and Chelyabinsk. A unique feature of the Kaliningrad railway is that some tracks in the direction of Poland and Berlin have a standard gauge track parallel to the Russian broad gauge of 1520 mm, used mostly for strategic reasons during the Cold War and nowadays for goods traffic. Platform number 6 at the Passazhirsky station can be reached on standard gauge over the former Ostbahn main line from Elbing (Elbląg) making passenger traffic from Poland possible, although there are no direct trains as of 2019.
Rail network in Kaliningrad Oblast
Regional trains also depart from Kaliningrad-North, the former Königsberg Nordbahnhof, which is situated on Victory Square, the current city center. Trains depart to Zelenogradsk and Svetlogorsk several times a day. There are also dayly connections to other towns in the region, like Sovetsk, Baltijsk, Mamonovo, Chernyakhovsk. The lines to the Zelenogradsk and Svetlogorsk have been electrified. Many local pre-war lines have been broken up or are no longer in use, because the new border with Poland disrupted the former traffic flows.
In 1881, the Königsberg tramway system was opened, and it still functions to this day. In 1975, a trolleybus system was also introduced.
Mercedes-Benz bus. Pobedy Square (Victory Square)
VMZ trolley
Port of Kaliningrad
Economy [ edit ]
In 1996, Kaliningrad was designated a Special Economic Zone, referred to as FEZ Yantar. Manufacturers based there get tax and customs duty breaks on the goods they send to other parts of Russia. Although corruption was an early deterrent, that policy means the region is now a manufacturing hub. One in three televisions in Russia are made in Kaliningrad (including Ericsson brand by Telebalt Ltd. and Polar by an eponymous firm located in the city of Chernyakhovsk) and it is home to Cadillac and BMW related car plants (produced by Avtotor). Currently, Kaliningrad's major industries are manufacturing, shipping, fishing and amber products. In 2006, Moscow declared it would turn the region into "the Russian Hong Kong".[30]
The European Commission provides funds for business projects under its special programme for Kaliningrad. With an average GDP growth of more than 10% per year for three years to 2007, Kaliningrad grew faster than any other region in Russia, even outstripping the success of its EU neighbours.[citation needed] By early 2015, the BBC reported the region's trade with the countries of the EU was increasing, with improved economic growth and industrial output.[31]
Military [ edit ]
Königsberg Cathedral on Kneiphof island
Kaliningrad Oblast used to be the most heavily militarized area of what is now the Russian Federation, and the density of military infrastructure was the highest in Europe. It was the headquarters of the former Soviet Baltic Military District. Kaliningrad also functions as the headquarters of Russia's Baltic Fleet, ringed by Chernyakhovsk (air base), Donskoye (air base) and Kaliningrad Chkalovsk (naval air base).
Soviet era [ edit ]
Access and control to the Baltic Sea was imperative because of Soviet perceptions that this meant that the hegemonic power had "influence on European and global affairs". Russia had replaced Sweden as the hegemon since the 18th century, but during the late 19th and early 20th century it was increasingly ousted by Germany's growing naval power.[32] At any point in time during the Soviet era, there would be at least 100,000 troops stationed in Kaliningrad (though there are some estimates that run up to 300,000). Therefore, the population of the city was fluid and almost always temporary. Many military officers and their families would refer to the Kaliningrad Oblast as "the West". The Soviet Union also kept nuclear weapons for use in case a war occurred.[33]
Russian era [ edit ]
As it is the westernmost geography and a uniquely isolated area of Russia, Kaliningrad is clearly still a militarily strategic stronghold that is politically sensitive as well. During the Cold War, the Kaliningrad area was a substantial storage site for nuclear weapons, and after a period of decay these sites are being actively refurbished.[34] Kaliningrad has also been in international news for the Russian's government refusal to allow surveillance overflights as permitted by the Treaty on Open Skies. In October 2019, this lack of compliance has led to the U.S. considering withdrawal from the treaty, however it is not the only counterparty to the agreement.[35]
Demographics [ edit ]
The original German population fled or was expelled at the end of World War II when the territory was annexed by the Soviet Union. In October 1945, only about 5,000 Soviet civilians lived in the territory.[36] Between October 1947 and October 1948, about 100,000 Germans were forcibly moved to Germany.[37] By 1948, about 400,000 Soviet civilians arrived in the Oblast.[36]
Local residents in Kaliningrad at "Immortal regiment", carrying portraits of their ancestors who fought in World War II
The blessing of the Easter baskets in Kaliningrad
Today the overwhelming majority Kaliningrad's residents are of Russian ethnicity settled after 1945. A minority of the population are from other Slavic people. Kaliningrad today is home to communities of Ukrainian, Belarusian, Tatar, German, Armenian, Polish, and Lithuanian.
Ethnic composition, Russian 2010 census:
% of the population
Russians 351,186 87.4 %
Ukrainians 16,053 4.0 %
Belarusian 15,077 3.7 %
Armenians 3,062 0.8 %
Tatars 2,075 0.5 %
Lithuanians 1,789 0.4 %
Germans 1,676 0.4 %
Polish 1,114 0.3 %
Other ethnicities 10,041 2.5 %
All 401,649 100.0 %
Poles in Kaliningrad [ edit ]
The Polish church in Steindamm was the oldest church of Konigsberg.
See also: History of Poles in Königsberg and Poles in Russia
In the 1940s and 1950s the Soviets resettled Poles from Belarus, the Baltic states, Ukraine, and Russia to Kaliningrad.[38] According to Wacław Podbereski after the Second World War and the takeover of the administration in these areas by the Soviets, the development of the Polish element in this region effectively ceased.[39] The oldest church in Königsberg was the Polish church of St. Nicholas, which had been founded with the city in 1255 in the historic district of Steindamm. It had Polish-language services until 1901.[39] Change came with the disintegration of the Soviet Union, due mainly to pastoral activities that began the repopulation of the Poles in Russia. The first steps were made by a Polish priest from Grodno (Hrodna), Jerzy Steckiewicz.[40] The "Polish Cultural Community in Kaliningrad" operates as the main Polish organization among Kaliningrad's Polonia, one of six such Polish organizations within Kaliningrad Oblast.[40][41] The "Polish Cultural Community in Kaliningrad" organizes poetry contests and is the publisher of the local Polish-language newspaper The Voice from the Pregel.[41]
Sports [ edit ]
The Kaliningrad Stadium hosted the 2018 FIFA World Cup games
Kaliningrad is home to the football club FC Baltika Kaliningrad, which plays in the Football Championship of the National League (formerly Russian First Division). It played in the Russian Premier League for 3 seasons between 1996 and 1998.
Kaliningrad was the host of some games in the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
Notable people [ edit ]
See also: List of people from Königsberg
Sergey Snegov (1910–1994), science fiction writer
Viktor Patsayev (1933–1971)
Alexei Leonov (1934–2019), first person to walk in space
Yury Romanenko (born 1944)
Alexander Viktorenko (born 1947)
Oleg Gazmanov (born 1951), singer
Sergei Beloglazov (born 1956), Olympic wrestler
Lyudmila Putina (born 1958), ex-wife of Vladimir Putin, First Lady of Russia
Alexander Volkov (born 1967), tennis player
Dmitry Lapikov (born 1982), Olympic weightlifter
Tvangeste, symphonic black metal band
Maksim Zuyev, journalist and activist
Anastasia Nazarenko (born 1993), rhythmic gymnast
International relations [ edit ]
Diplomatic missions [ edit ]
In 2004, Germany opened a consulate general in Kaliningrad.[42] This consulate allows Kaliningrad residents to get Schengen visas without having to travel to Moscow. An agreement between Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor of Germany, and President of Russia Vladimir Putin established the consulate in light of Lithuania and Poland, which surround Kaliningrad, joining the EU. Russian concerns with Germany wanting the former Königsberg back had stifled earlier plans for a German consulate.[43][44][45]
Small border traffic law [ edit ]
Poland and the Russian Federation have an agreement whereby residents of Kaliningrad and the Polish cities of Olsztyn, Elbląg and Gdańsk may obtain special cards permitting repeated travel between the two countries, crossing the Polish–Russian border. As of July 2013, Poland had issued 100,000 of the cards. That year, Russians visiting Poland to shop at the Biedronka and Lidl supermarkets featured in songs by musical group Parovoz.[46]
Twin towns and sister cities [ edit ]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia
Kaliningrad is twinned with[47][48]
Aalborg, Denmark[49][50]
Białystok, Poland[51]
Elbląg, Poland[52][53]
Gdańsk, Poland (since 1993)[54]
Gdynia, Poland[55]
Groningen, Netherlands[47][56]
Kalmar, Sweden
Klaipėda, Lithuania
Łódź, Poland (since 1992)[57]
Malmö, Sweden[58]
Murmansk, Russia
Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Omsk, Russia
Šiauliai, Lithuania
Toruń, Poland[59]
Zabrze, Poland
Zwolle, Netherlands
Patras, Greece
Partner cities [ edit ]
Kaliningrad is also partnered with:
Yerevan, Armenia (2009)[62]
Battle of Königsberg
Heart of the City (Kaliningrad)
Kaliningrad (Königsberg) dispute
Radio Königsberg
Seven Bridges of Königsberg
Notes [ edit ]
^ a b c d e Resolution #640
^ Article 6 of the Charter of Kaliningrad states that the city may have an anthem, providing one is officially adopted. As of 2015[update], an anthem is not listed among the symbols of the city shown on the official website of Kaliningrad.
^ a b Official website of Kaliningrad. Passport of Kaliningrad Urban Okrug. (in Russian)
^ a b Charter of Kaliningrad, Article 25
^ Official website of Kaliningrad. Head of the City, Alexander Georgiyevich Yaroshuk. (in Russian)
^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
^ a b Law #463
^ a b c Law #397
^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
^ Andree, Karl (1831). Polen: in geographischer, geschichtlicher und culturhistorischer Hinsicht (in German). Leipzig: Verlag von Ludwig Schumann. p. 218.
^ The Monthly Review. R. Griffiths. 1836. p. 609. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ Protocol of the Proceedings of the Berlin Conference
^ "The Potsdam Declaration". ibiblio.org. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ Decree of July 4, 1946
^ "Russia (USSR) / Poland Treaty (with annexed maps) concerning the Demarcation of the Existing Soviet-Polish State Frontier in the Sector Adjoining the Baltic Sea 5 March 1957"(PDF). un.org. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ For other issues of the frontier delimitation see "Maritime boundary delimitation agreements and other material". un.org. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ "Kaliningrad's 750th anniversary". New York Times. July 3, 2005. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ Gutterman, Steve; Isachenkov, Vladimir (November 6, 2008). "Medvedev Says Russia to Deploy Missiles Near Poland". Associated Press – via Fox News.
^ Harding, Luke (January 28, 2009). "Russia scraps plans to deploy nuclear-capable missiles in Kaliningrad". The Guardian. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ Sudakov, Dmitry (November 28, 2011). "Russia's new radar to monitor all Europe including Britain". Pravda.ru. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
^ "Kaliningrad State Art Gallery". www.russianmuseums.info. 2014. Retrieved June 21, 2014.
^ "Новости! Анонсы! Акции! | Парк "Юность", г.Калининград". www.park-unost.ru. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
^ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Kaliningrad" (in Russian). Погода и климат. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
^ "Kaliningrad Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
^ "Russia's Daily Online". Kommersant. Archived from the original on August 31, 2009. Retrieved June 27, 2009.
^ "Shostakovich & Schnittke Concertos". Classicstoday.com. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
^ Sheeter, Laura (October 16, 2006). "'Kaliningrad erases stains of past' 16 October 2006". BBC News. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ "'Regions and territories: Kaliningrad' 18 December 2007". BBC News. October 5, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ Knudsen, Olav F. (1999). Stability and Security in the Baltic Sea Region. Portland, OR: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd. p. 38. ISBN 0-7146-4932-5.
^ Krickus, Richard (2002). The Kaliningrad Question. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. p. 42.
^ Hans M. Kristensen (Jun.18, 2018) Russia Upgrades Nuclear Weapons Storage Site In Kaliningrad
^ Katie Bo Williams (October 24, 2019) Trump's STRATCOM Pick Declines to Endorse Open-Skies Withdrawal
^ a b Malinkin, Mary Elizabeth (February 8, 2016). "Building a Soviet City: the Transformation of Königsberg". Wilson Center. Archived from the original on July 7, 2017. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
^ Berger, Stefan (May 13, 2010). "How to be Russian with a Difference? Kaliningrad and its German Past". Geopolitics. 15 (2): 345–366. doi:10.1080/14650040903486967.
^ Wspólnota Polska (December 17, 2012). "Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska". Archiwum.wspolnotapolska.org.pl. Retrieved March 12, 2013.
^ a b Wacław Podbereski, Sąsiedzi: Królewiec – Königsberg – Kaliningrad [w:] "Znad Wilii" nr 4(44) 2010, s. 113-117
^ a b "Placówki Dyplomatyczne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej". Kaliningradkg.polemb.net. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ a b "Consulate General in Kaliningrad". Kaliningradkg.polemb.net. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ "Consulate General of Germany in Kaliningrad, Russia." Embassypages.com. Retrieved on Feb 5, 2019.
^ "Fischer Establishes German Outpost in Kaliningrad." Deutsche Welle. 12 February 2004. Retrieved on 16 May 2016.
^ Kovalev, Vladimir. "No Building for German Consulate." The Moscow Times. August 30, 2004. Retrieved on Feb 5, 2019.
^ DW Staff (dsl). "Fischer Establishes German Outpost in Kaliningrad." Deutsche Welle. February 12, 2004. Retrieved on Feb 5, 2019.
^ A.C. (October 8, 2013). "Poland and Kaliningrad: Small Border Traffic". Economist blog. Archived from the original on October 8, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ a b Города-партнёры (in Russian). Kaliningrad City Hall. Archived from the original on April 22, 2009. Retrieved December 8, 2008.
^ Luhn, Alec (November 20, 2011). "Kaliningrad". The Moscow Times. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
^ "Aalborg Twin Towns". Europeprize.net. Archived from the original on September 7, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
^ "Kaliningrad information". E-gorod.ru. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
^ Korolczuk, Dariusz (January 12, 2010). "Foreign cooperation - Partner Cities". Białystok City Council. City Office in Białystok. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
^ "Elbląg - Podstrony / Miasta partnerskie". Elbląski Dziennik Internetowy (in Polish). Archived from the original on March 15, 2011. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ "Elbląg - Miasta partnerskie". Elbląg.net (in Polish). Retrieved August 1, 2013.
^ "Gdańsk Official Website: 'Miasta partnerskie'". gdansk.pl (in Polish and English). Urząd Miejski w Gdańsku. 2009. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2009.
^ "International co-operation of Gdynia". Gdynia.pl. Archived from the original on October 19, 2016.
^ "Groningen - Partner Cities". © 2008 Gemeente Groningen, Kreupelstraat 1,9712 HW Groningen. Archived from the original on September 26, 2007. Retrieved December 8, 2008.
^ "Miasta partnerskie - Urząd Miasta Łodzi". City of Łódź (in Polish). Archived from the original on June 24, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2014.
^ "Vänorter" (in Swedish). Malmö stad. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
^ "Miasta bliźniacze Torunia" [Toruń's twin towns]. Urząd Miasta Torunia [City of Toruń Council] (in Polish). Retrieved August 22, 2013.
^ Kaliningrad and Patras to become twin cities
^ Russian Sailing Ship Docks in Patras for Twinning with Kaliningrad
^ "Yerevan - Partner Cities". Yerevan Municipality Official Website. ©2005–2013 www.yerevan.am. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
Sources [ edit ]
Городской Совет депутатов Калининграда. Решение №257 от 12 июля 2007 г. «О принятии Устава городского округа "Город Калининград"», в ред. Решения №20 от 17 февраля 2017 г. «О внесении изменений и дополнений в Устав городского округа "Город Калининград", утверждённый Решением городского Совета депутатов Калининграда от 12 июля 2007 г. №257». Вступил в силу 22 июля 2007 г. (за исключением отдельных положений). Опубликован: "Гражданин" (специальный выпуск), №12, 21 июля 2007 г. (City Council of Deputies of Kaliningrad. Decision #257 of July 12, 2007 On Adopting the Charter of the Urban Okrug of the "City of Kaliningrad", as amended by the Decision #20 of February 17, 2017 On Amending and Supplementing the Charter of the Urban Okrug of the "City of Kaliningrad", Adopted by Decision #257 by the City Council of Deputies of Kaliningrad Decision on July 12, 2007. Effective as of July 22, 2007 (with the exception of certain clauses).).
Калининградская областная Дума. Закон №463 от 27 мая 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Калининградской области», в ред. Закона №450 от 3 июля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Калининградской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Калининградской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Калининградская правда" (вкладыш "Ведомости Правительства Калининградской области"), №112, 26 июня 2010 г. (Kaliningrad Oblast Duma. Law #463 of May 27, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kaliningrad Oblast, as amended by the Law #450 of July 3, 2015 On Amending the Law of Kaliningrad Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kaliningrad Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Правительство Калининградской области. Постановление №640 от 30 августа 2011 г. «Об утверждении реестра объектов административно-территориального деления Калининградской области», в ред. Постановления №877 от 21 ноября 2011 г «О внесении изменения в Постановление Правительства Калининградской области от 30 августа 2011 г. №640». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Калининградская правда" (вкладыш "Официально"), №170, 15 сентября 2011 г. (Government of Kaliningrad Oblast. Resolution #640 of August 30, 2011 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Objects of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of Kaliningrad Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #877 of November 21, 2011 On Amending the Resolution of the Government of Kaliningrad Oblast #640 of August 30, 2011. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Калининградская областная Дума. Закон №397 от 15 мая 2004 г. «О наделении муниципального образования "Город Калининград" статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №370 от 1 июля 2009 г «О составе территорий муниципальных образований Калининградской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская газета" ("Запад России"), №115, 3 июня 2004 г. (Kaliningrad Oblast Duma. Law #397 of May 15, 2004 On Granting the Urban Okrug Status to the Municipal Formation of the "City of Kaliningrad", as amended by the Law #370 of July 1, 2009 On the Composition of the Territories of the Municipal Formations of Kaliningrad Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Vesilind, Priit J. "Kaliningrad: Coping with a German Past and a Russian Future", National Geographic, March 1997.
Berger, Stefan "A City and Its Past. Popular Histories in Kaliningrad between Regionalization and Nationalization", in: Popularizing National Past. 1800 to Present, Edited by Stefan Berger, Chris Lorenz, and Billie Melman, Routledge 2012, pp. 288–307.
Kaliningrad Region, General Information Kommersant, Russia's daily On-line
Президиум Верховного Совета СССР. Указ от 4 июля 1946 г. «О переименовании города Кёнигсберга в город Калининград и Кёнигсбергской области в Калининградскую область». (Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Decree of July 4, 1946 On Changing the Name of the City of Kyonigsberg to the City of Kaliningrad and the Name of Kyonigsberg Oblast to Kaliningrad Oblast. ).
Further reading [ edit ]
See also: Bibliography of the history of Kaliningrad
Liuhto, Kari (editor). "Its future competitiveness and role in the Baltic Sea economic region." University of Turku.
Rogoża, Jadwiga, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, and Iwona Wiśniewska. "A captive island. Kaliningrad between Moscow and the EU." OSW Studies, No. 41, July 2012.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kaliningrad.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Kaliningrad.
Kaliningrad travel guide
Administrative divisions of Kaliningrad Oblast
Administrative center: Kaliningrad • Rural localities
Bagrationovsky
Baltiysky
Chernyakhovsky
Guryevsky
Gusevsky
Gvardeysky
Krasnoznamensky
Nemansky
Nesterovsky
Ozyorsky
Polessky
Pravdinsky
Slavsky
Svetlogorsky
Zelenogradsky
Urban-type settlements of
oblast significance
Yantarny
Urban-type settlements
Baltic Fleet of Russian Navy
Commander of fleet
Admiral Aleksandr Nosatov
Leningrad Naval Base
Baltiysk Naval base
Separate Guards brigade of marines of the Baltic fleet
127 separate sea engineering battalion
Strazh Balticy (newspaper)
Navy bases in Kaliningrad Oblast
Fleet command: Kaliningrad
Marine base: Baltiysk
Air bases: Chernyakhovsk
Kaliningrad Chkalovsk
Donskoye
Khrabrovo
Navy base in Saint Petersburg and Oblast
Former naval bases
Finland: Hanko
Porkkala
Estonia: Paldiski
Latvia: Liepāja
Baltic Fleet page at the official Ministry of Defence website
MusicBrainz: 859d0728-69cb-49b7-839c-6a969f38765c
NLI: 000986504


text:
HomeFreedomMichigan Gov. Loses Again to 77-Year-Old Barber as Judge Rules Shop Can Stay Open
Michigan Gov. Loses Again to 77-Year-Old Barber as Judge Rules Shop Can Stay Open
May 22, 2020 Breitbart 1
Karl Manke, Youtube
Owosso, Michigan: A judge ruled that Karl Manke will not have to close his shop because the state has failed to prove he was an imminent danger to public health. The Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs suspended Manke's license without a hearing.
Karl Manke, a 77-year-old barber in Owosso, Michigan, has defeated Gov. Gretchen Whitmer and Attorney General Dana Nessel in court for the second time in about a week.
The Argus-Press reported:
Judge Matthew Stewart ruled that Karl Manke will not have to close his shop after the state again failed to prove he was an imminent danger to public health.
Stewart said the state did not arrest Manke when he was cited, so he didn't represent "an imminent health danger."
"(The attorney general) has not presented any studies underlying the doctor's conclusion. (The attorney general) has not shown any nexus between the cutting of hair and an increased risk of transmission," Stewart wrote, the Detroit Free Press reported.
"(The attorney general's) filings rest more on general facts about COVID-19 than specific practices or conditions at (Manke's) business."
Nessel's office said she would appeal the ruling.
The Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs suspended Manke's license without a hearing.
"It's an unbelievable abuse of power," attorney David Kallman told radio host Steve Gruber, stating there is no legal basis for the action.
"This is pure retribution by the governor's office and by the AG. This is so petty and vindictive, it's beyond the pale," Kallman said.
After her defeat, Nessel attacked Manke publicly.
We want him to discontinue his conduct, which we think is aiding and abetting the spread of the virus," Nessel claimed.
Governor Whitmer
Federal Reserve and Congress Plan Crypto US Dollar, VISA to Convert Cash into Digital Dollars
CA Officials Threaten to Withhold Funds from Rural County After Leaders Open Economy
Governor Whitmer Pushes to Criminalize Refusing to Wear a Mask in Michigan
November 6, 2020 The Post Millennial 4
Michigan Governor Whitmer is asking the Republican majority in the State Legislature to codify the current order requiring people to wear face masks and make it law. Michigan's Supreme Court struck down Whitmer's emergency powers in October. Rising case numbers are due to flawed tests.
Huge Blow to the Corrupt FBI: Suspects Found 'Not Guilty' in Whitmer Kidnapping Case
April 10, 2022 ZeroHedge and Gateway Pundit 2
Twelve embedded confidential informants were involved in creating the plot. Text messages showed an FBI field agent telling an informant to lie, frame an innocent man and delete text messages. It is illegal for FBI informants to hatch plots and encourage violence.
Homeless "Ringleader" in FBI Whitmer Kidnapping Plot Sentenced to 16 Years in Prison
December 29, 2022 Julie Kelly and Information Liberation 2
At least a dozen FBI informants working with FBI handlers and agents out of numerous FBI field offices engineered the hoax in 2020. She tweeted that the FBI created a militia; the FBI organized meetings and field training; the FBI planned "recon" trips to Whitmer cottage; and the FBI created encrypted group chats.
This is nothing more than a head-fake to delude weak-minded-fools into believing they and others have a chance for justice when dealing with the vile, evil, nefarious, diabolical, destructive predators-that-be (which includes the fictional "judge" and "court"). Later this judge will trash this man.


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A rare, iconic, and sculptural chair, this piece represents the Post-Modernist, Bauhaus, Form-Free and Memphis styles. Maciej Tasiemski's solid (and very heavy) wrought iron piece with patina and red velvet seating was produced by the Blacksmith Art Deco Workshop in Poznan, Poland in the 1980s.
The chair is named Doux Bonheur ('Sweet Happiness') and is an icon of design in Poland, part of the collection of the Museum of Modern Art in Warsaw. It remains in original condition with the fabric on the seats a little loose from age, benefitting from possible re-stretching.