Reflexology works on the principle that there are reflex areas in the feet that correspond to all organs and glands in your body.
By stimulating these reflexes, the blood and nerve supply is increased to where the body needs it most.
It's not just a massage, and nor is it a substitute for conventional medical treatment. It helps improve circulation and promotes relaxation enabling your body to heal itself.
Reflexology will bring your body back into balance by focusing on reflex points on the feet that relate to specific areas of the body. There are thousands of nerve endings in the feet which correspond to and send messages about specific parts of the body to the brain.
Through the working of the feet with reflexology, any blockages are released, circulation is boosted helping your body heal itself.
Reflexology is particularly beneficial for the relief of stress and tension. Given that an estimated 75% of all illness is related to stress the health benefits of using reflexology to combat stress are clear.
Can a Reflexologist Diagnose My Aliments?
A reflexologist should never diagnose symptoms as this is beyond their training. They could offer opinions but should always refer the client to medical experts.
Your first treatment will include a health review, discussing any relevant issues to tailor your session to your exact needs.
Once this has been done it is time to lie back in my warm chair and let your feet do the talking. Reflexology should always be enjoyed in a relaxed and comfortable setting to make the most of a session.
What Techniques Does a Reflexologist Use?
Precise massage and pressure techniques help to identify the area that requires treatment and then stimulate or relax them as necessary.
Will the Treatment Hurt or Be Ticklish?
Reflexology should never hurt or be ticklish and pressure can be increased or decreased according to your needs. In fact, most people describe the sensation as very relaxing and when they leave they feel like they are walking on air.
It's a good idea not to eat a heavy meal within an hour of starting a treatment and you shouldn't drink alcohol either but, other than that, there is nothing else to do.
Yes, it's totally safe and beneficial during pregnancy, however, I do ask you to wait your 13th week when the placenta will be fully established.
Reflexology balances the body and promotes self-healing. Most people feel the benefit both during and after the first treatment; however, for more longstanding issues it may take a few treatments.
Calming the mind and body.
The number of treatments you will need depends on what you are hoping to achieve.
If you are focused on a specific health issue I would recommend that you have sessions two weeks apart or even weekly for a month or two, then monthly as a maintenance programme.
If you are having treatments to promote general relaxation and health, then I would suggest maintenance sessions once a month, but you can have a session every other day.
Reflexology at Feet First Reflexology is £35.00 for 60 min treatments and £45.00 for 90 min treatments. Once you have had five sessions the sixth one is FREE.
What Is the Best Way to Choose a Reflexologist?
Always make sure your Reflexologist is qualified and choose a practitioner you feel comfortable with.
I am IIR trained (International Institute of Reflexology). The IIR is the most authentic Reflexology and I obtained my diploma in 2003. I am also a full member of the Association of Reflexologists.
Your treatment lasts 60 mins or 90 mins. Please note that this is treatment time not appointment times, please allow extra before and after for consultation.
Contact Michelle on 07835 340940 or email me at feetfirstreflexology@btconnect.com.
What Are Your Treatment Times?
Monday to Friday 9am – 6pm (6pm is the last appointment time).
Feet First Reflexology is closed on Saturdays, Sundays and Public Holidays.
Where Can I Have a Treatment?
At my dedicated conservatory studio in Bluntisham.
Whatever you feel comfortable in! That's the most important thing, that you are comfortable and relaxed. Just bear in mind that you will need to have your feet and ankles accessible.


Cheetham, MD 2010, 'Correlation of river terrace sequences: Widden Brook, Australia', PhD thesis, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW.
Terrace sequences can represent regional or continental scale factors such as climatic fluctuations, neotectonic activity and base-level change. However, they can also reflect random incision events brought about by local scale, geomorphic threshold exceedance and subsequent complex response. Through the description and interpretation of the physical landscape and by use of a detailed construction of the chronology, this study explores the formative processes of three discontinuous but adjacent, Late Quaternary step-terrace sequences.
Terrace remnants on Widden Brook, a sandy alluvial stream in southeastern Australia, were examined and correlated longitudinally to establish their evolutionary history. Three distinct, discontinuous terrace sequences, the Baramul, Widden and Kewarra, were identified within a 26 km reach using sedimentology, topography and chronology. Each terrace sequence occurred within a geomorphically distinct valley setting; an upstream constriction, a valley expansion and a highly constricted downstream section. Combined use 14C and OSL dating techniques allowed for a more rigorous assessment of the alluvial record and indicated that each terrace sequence was formed during the late Pleistocene and Holocene (16.7 ka cal BP – 0.5 ka cal BP). The three terrace sequences identified yielded, continuous chronologies, indicating continuous alluvial deposition throughout the Holocene. A geomorphic model of floodplain abandonment and terrace formation for this valley setting was then constructed.
The confinement of these sequences within the different valley settings and the continuous chronology was a clear indication that localised processes have influenced their formation. Most of southeastern Australia has shown no evidence of tectonic uplift during the late Quaternary. Bedrock bars on the Hunter River isolate the study reach from downstream base-level changes. The non-synchronous, episodic behaviour of incision events, in this catchment, strongly indicates that climate is not a dominant control on terrace formation. The Widden catchment, therefore, provides an ideal landscape to discriminate regional from local controls on terrace formation. These terraces reflect random incision events brought about by intrinsic threshold exceedance. This process was intermittently interrupted or accelerated by large-scale events that stripped sections of the floodplain down to a basal gravel lag. This study emphasises that random geomorphic threshold exceedance must be considered when relating incision events to wide-scale allogenic factors.


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Goings On About Town
Hudson River Park's Pier 62 Skatepark.Photograph by Tobias Hutzler
Signature Theatre Company premières "Medieval Play," a comedy by Kenneth Lonergan. Tate Donovan and Josh Hamilton star as French mercenary knights who embark on a noble quest.
Graveyard Shift
For nine years, until it closed, in 2007, the Lower East Side club Tonic was the epicenter of downtown sonic exploration. To kick off the Undead Music Festival, a number of the bands and artists who frequented its small stage, including Vinicius Cantuária, Elysian Fields, Yuka Honda, Vernon Reid, the Refuseniks, Sex Mob, and Jamaaladeen Tacuma, reconvene, at (Le) Poisson Rouge.
Clothes Call
The Costume Institute, at the Met, explores the affinities between two Italian designers of great wit and intelligence in "Schiaparelli and Prada: Impossible Conversations."
Night Journey
At Danspace, Rashaun Mitchell, a notable Cunningham dancer, performs "Nox," a meditation on a brother's death, made in collaboration with the poet Anne Carson.
Carnegie Hall's "Spring for Music" festival, a celebration of North American orchestras, is in full swing, with such superb ensembles as the New Jersey and Milwaukee symphonies offering repertory both familiar (such as Debussy's "La Mer") and exotic (Ives's "Universe Symphony" and Busoni's Piano Concerto).
The annual "Migrating Forms" series at Anthology Film Archives showcases provocations, both aesthetic and political. This year's edition includes tributes to Raúl Ruiz and Chuck Jones, as well as Harun Farocki's "Prison Images," presented by n+1.
Published in the print edition of the May 14, 2012, issue.
More:Anne CarsonAnthology Film ArchivesCarnegie HallKenneth LonerganSpring for Music

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jim Murray's Chimney Service is a locally owned and operated chimney cleaning company that has been serving Delaware County, PA and Main Line, PA for over 25 years. If your looking for a reasonable chimney cleaning service in Delaware County, PA and Main Line PA, let our quality workmanship and orderly service speak for itself. All chimneys require annual maintenance and cleaning to insure their efficiency and safety.
At Jim Murray's Chimney Service we take pride in our work. We use only professional grade brushes to clean your flue safely while keeping all the dust and soot out of your home. The cleaning and inspection of your chimney should be done annually by trained professionals to insure your chimney is operating at is full potential and causes no harm to your family. By sweeping your chimney or flue you are making sure that your chimney does not accumulate harmful creosote. As creosote accumulates it becomes a fire hazard if not properly swept out of your chimney.
We recommend if you use your chimney often that it be cleaned after every cord of wood burned. Also odors of soot in the home can indicate a cleaning is needed.


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Bolsonaro's politics of death, Covid-19 and racial inequality in Brazil
Carolina Parreiras, Viviane Mattar
08 Jul 2020 • 10 min read
Covid-19 infections and deaths in Brazil continue to grow at an alarming pace: at the time of publication (8 July 2020), the Latin American country has recorded over 1 million and 670 thousands infections, and nearly 67,000 fatalities, making it the second worst nation in the world on both counts (the US is first). Several days in recent months have seen deaths going over the 1,000 bar. The country hit the international headlines yesterday, as President Jair Bolsonaro announced that he tested positive for Covid-19.
The leadership of Bolsonaro, a far right politician, has certainly played a role: he has been pushing against state governors and mayors who imposed various forms of stay-at-home measures and lockdowns, and he has aggressively supported the reopening the economy, regardless of the implications for public health and human lives. Bolsonaro's government also lost two health ministers in rapid succession, over disagreements with the president's approach to the pandemic. With the contagion curve still moving upwards, most states and big cities in the country are currently open for business.
Bolsonaro has rivalled, if not beaten, US President Donald Trump in downplaying the virus. In early April, he dismissed Covid-19 as a "little flu". Earlier on, at the end of March, he said: "I'm sorry, some people will die, they will die, that's life". On 28th April, when asked about the spike in deaths, he replied: "so what? I am sorry. What do you want me to do? I am a messiah, but I do not conduct miracles". On that same day, news about the collapse of the health system in Rio de Janeiro, the country's second largest city, proliferated. It was also reported that some emergency care units near favelas (Brazilian shantytowns) suffered from a lack of doctors, and dead bodies began to pile up outside these wards. Since then, there have been reports about hospitals near collapse and mass deaths in several parts of the country.
Bolsonaro's disregard for human lives needs to be unpacked further. As several scholars (such as Judith Butler and Francis Nyamnjoh) have already noted, the virus affects everybody, but it does not affect everybody equally. There are several reports about how people of colour and working class communities have been disproportionally hit by the virus, for instance in the US, UK and Sweden. In Brazil too the emerging evidence indicates that the deep racial and class inequalities that plague the country are being reproduced in the differential effects of Covid-19.
A recent piece of research by the Brazilian health research centre NOIS suggests that the 55% of people hospitalised for Covid-19 who identify as black or brown in the Brazilian census died, as opposed to 38% of hospitalised white people (the analysis was conducted with data based on 29,993 deaths, updated to the 18th May). Another report by Brazilian investigative journalism outlet Agência Pública notes that there is one death for every 3.1 black and brown people hospitalised with the virus, and one for every 4.4 white people – this is based on government health data updated to 26th April.
Scholars Kia Lilly Caldwell and Edna Maria de Araújo highlight various factors that might account for these racial inequalities: black and brown Brazilians have higher levels of chronic illness, inadequate access to healthcare, food insecurity and wage exploitation. They are also more likely to work in frontline jobs and to live in high-density areas with poor water and sanitation. The authors identify the root cause of these inequalities in the structural racism that carries on as the visible legacy of slavery. A recent note from Abrasco, the Brazilian Association of Public Health, reiterates the unequal effects of the pandemic, pointing out the important role that structural racism and income inequality play in Covid-19 outcomes.
When Bolsonaro says "so what?" and "some people will die", he is not simply disregarding people's health and wellbeing. He is also implying that he is fine with the fact that people of colour and low-income groups are likely to suffer and die from Covid-19 in bigger numbers than other privileged groups. As the most powerful official in the country, he is enabling a kind of "necropolitics" (a politics of death) – to cite philosopher Achille Mbembe – where the federal government exercises its sovereign right of life and death over its citizens, by keeping a highly unequal economy going, while letting Covid-19 run loose and kill people in disadvantaged and high-risk groups.
Mbembe's work on necropolitics is informed by a biopolitical paradigm that draws from, among others, philosopher Michel Foucault's notions of biopolitics and biopower. Scholars in this tradition of thought note that the political choice over who deserves to live and who deserves to die is often not exercised directly. The Brazilian government does not need to directly and physically kill citizens with well-drawn out plans targeting certain groups – as is the case with the totalitarian regimes of the first half of the 20th century.
All the government needs to do is to let certain forces operate without constraints, so that they can cause suffering and death. In this instance, a biological entity (Covid-19) works together with the pre-pandemic structural factors that already thwart the possibility to live and prosper for many people – an under-resourced public health system, higher rates of pre-existing medical conditions caused by structural racism, and so on. The government lets people die by not enforcing more effective regulations to curb the spread, and by not doing enough to strengthen and expand the capacity of the public health system.
Bolsonaro's discourse, and that of his virus denialist allies around the world, performs another important complementary function. A major tool that the virus has at its disposal to unleash its deadly power is our own body – we can carry the virus and spread it to others. As Mbembe put it in a recent interview, "now we all have the power to kill. The power to kill has been completely democratized".
When people are exposed to messages from leaders that encourage them to flout public health advice from the World Health Organization (WHO), they are more likely to exercise their power to kill, which is also racialised and classed. A person in a privileged neighbourhood, in good health and with better working conditions, has a lower risk to develop serious complications from Covid-19, compared to those less privileged and in the high-risk groups, who are more likely to experience severe symptoms and death if infected.
It is a zero-sum game, where the risks taken by privileged individuals to go on with "business as usual" increase the chances of infection and death for discriminated others. The genesis of community transmission in Brazil is another manifestation of this unequal landscape: even though it is the most discriminated groups that are hit hardest, Covid-19 spread first in the wealthy suburbs in connection with European travel.
The work of care in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro
So how do people at the receiving end of this politics of death respond to the current situation? How do they resist and counteract the destructive forces set against them? We will try to provide some answers drawing from our ongoing research in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro.
Since 2016, one author of this piece (Carolina Parreiras) has been carrying out fieldwork on public and private forms of violence in a group of favelas in the northern part of Rio. These favelas are home to more than 20,000 people, the vast majority experiencing social vulnerability and extreme poverty. The other author (Viviane Mattar) is doing research in a favela located in the western part of the city. She is studying moralities, and health and gender conventions in relation to the Bolsa Família welfare programme. This favela has approximately 4,000 residents and a considerable part of them live in extreme poverty. The majority of the population in our research sites are black and brown.
These neighbourhoods are among Rio de Janeiro's more than 1,000 favelas, home to an estimated population of more than one million people. With a Human Development Index lower than the rest of the city, favelas are known for their high population density, improvised housing, little ventilation and lack of access to sanitation, water, and healthcare facilities.
These conditions make it difficult to implement WHO guidelines to curb the spread of Covid-19. Residents of several favelas live with constant water rationing, which makes it difficult to adopt basic hygiene measures such as washing hands. Soap and hand sanitiser are even greater luxuries, as is the cleaning of clothing and groceries.
The majority of favela residents works in the informal economy, without fixed wages and benefits. Thus, they have no option but to leave home in order to make a living. Unlike the upper and middle classes in professions that allow for smart working, they cannot afford to isolate at home. A great number of inhabitants of favelas receive direct cash transfers from the federal government under the Bolsa Família programme, first rolled out by the leftist government of President Lula in 2003.
Bolsa Família has done a lot to reduce poverty and to sustain food security. It has also helped guarantee access to education and health, because parents who do not get their children vaccinated or do not send them to school risk losing their welfare payments. But the money, even when complemented by the recently approved emergency aid grant, is not enough to cover the needs of sanitary and protective equipment.
There is also an important gender dimension. This welfare measure has prioritised women as recipients, with contradictory effects. Conventional gender roles are reinforced, as mothers are entrusted with the responsibility of caring for their families' basic needs. But the grants give female recipients greater autonomy and decision-making.
During the pandemic, women's responsibilities have expanded to the creation and support of networks of solidarity that distribute basic hygiene items, cleaning materials, and food. In the last few months, there has been a growing number of solidarity campaigns that seek to guarantee food security and Covid-19 safety for favela residents. In our research sites, the campaigns are run on crowdfunding websites, but all the local actions are organised by favela women residents. Women identify the households in the worst conditions, find out which products are needed, go to the market and sort the items for distribution. Every week, they distribute food baskets (usually with beans, rice, sugar, cooking oil, coffee, pasta and tomato sauce) and cleaning kits (toilet paper, bleach and disinfectant).
Women are key in this essential work, which further emphasises, as an unintended consequence, the idea of care as a feminine matter. The women who run these community chores are among the most affected by the pandemic, facing even higher rates of infection than their neighbours. As they often tell us in conversation, they feel tired and stressed with the regular domestic work, compounded by the additional labour required to survive the virus and avoid the risk of starvation.
Police violence and informal curfews
Despite the levels of self-organisation shown by local residents in the procurement of basics for food security and sanitation, it would be wrong to think of favelas as places where the state is absent. It might not be present through adequate healthcare or more comprehensive welfare provisions, but the state still shows its hostile face through the Military Police. Police operations are frequent, and transform black, poor, and peripheral bodies into targets and "enemies" through the racialised language of "the war on drugs". As other studies show, we can talk about favelas as militarised territories ruled by what anthropologist Juliana Farias calls a "government of death". During the pandemic, violent police operations have continued.
The social landscape of Rio de Janeiro's favelas is also marked by the local control exercised by drug trafficking gangs and militias. These groups are predominantly male and regulate the use of public spaces in Rio de Janeiro's favelas. At the end of March, national news reported that these groups autonomously imposed curfews to curb the spread of Covid-19.
Our research participants confirmed that such informally imposed measures were indeed being rolled out in the neighbourhoods where we conduct our fieldwork. Families were being forced to stay in their homes and placed in quarantine. Flyers circulated on WhatsApp and Facebook "ordered" local residents to isolate. Some of them mentioned the ineffectiveness of state policies: "if the government does not solve the problem, organised crime will do that". Whatever the extent to which these actions were justified by the state's inaction, these "informal lockdowns" placed armed men in a dominant position in the public sphere, reinforcing gendered conventions of male dominance.
Letting die
To go back to the concepts we started with, in his 1975-1976 lectures translated in English under the title Society Must Be Defended, Foucault described the move from classical to modern forms of governance (in an admittedly Eurocentric history) as one from the right of the governing power to "take life or let live" (what he called "sovereignty") to "the right to make live and to let die" (he named the latter "biopower"). By this he meant that premodern forms of government (often embodied in the figure of the king in Foucault's work) did not interfere directly with the production and reproduction of people's social and biological life, but retained the ultimate right to kill anybody who might be deemed to be a threat to the social and political order.
Modern forms of government instead are directly concerned with creating the conditions that produce and reproduce certain forms of life (read also certain social groups), while letting other individuals and social groups die, ultimately because, in the eyes of the governing power, unworthy of living. State policies that regulate (or deregulate) labour markets, access to health and education, general welfare provisions, and residential patterns, to name a few, all have a direct impact on what kind of life one lives, and on how race, class, gender and other identities end up shaping one's life trajectory.
There is no doubt that Rio de Janeiro's favela residents are set against a brutal system that, through a mix of inertia and active violence, tries to diminish their chances of a good life, perpetuating the structural violence to the point of enabling the conditions for mass death in the current pandemic. The state's inaction when it comes to protect people from these neighbourhoods from the virus and from food insecurity, is an example of government's power to "let die".
Yet, the two examples of self-organised gendered activities that we described in this piece show how, against all odds, favela residents are not mere "victims". Despite the hostile structural forces working against them, people continue to resist Bolsonaro's politics of death, and to be proactive in finding alternative ways to protect themselves and their livelihoods. By doing so, they claim their right to full humanity from a world that constantly denies it.
Carolina Parreiras is an anthropologist and a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Anthropology, University of São Paulo (Brazil), and a member of NUMAS (Centre for the Study of Social Markers of Difference) at the same university. She is also an adjunct professor at the Graduate Programme in Social Anthropology, University of Campinas. Her research project that led to this article was funded by São Paulo Research Foundation (Project Fapesp n. 2015/26671-4).
Viviane Mattar is a nutritionist and a PhD candidate in Public Health at the Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University (Brazil), and a member of CLAM (Latin American Centre for Sexuality and Human Rights) at the same university.
Topic Inequality Race Class Health Disparities Bolsonaro Brazil
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Episode 1 - Flowers
First episode of the reality documentary series. Fourteen young entrepreneurs face a battery of challenges as they compete to win a job...
Episode 2 - Toys
In his search for an apprentice, Sir Alan Sugar sets his candidates the challenge of designing a new product for the most difficult of...
Episode 3 - List of Items to Buy
Twelve candidates are left in the running to become Sir Alan's apprentice. There's a change in the sexual chemistry as Sugar orders a...
Episode 4 - Harrods
Fourteen candidates compete to win the prize of a highly paid job with Alan Sugar. It's week four and three contenders have already been...
Episode 5 - Art
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Episode 6 - Advertising
This week's task is a creative one: each team has to come up with an advertising campaign for a new hi-fi product, but there's an added...
Episode 7- Celebrity Auction
Eight contestants remain and Sir Alan Sugar has had to separate two of them following a bust-up. The task tests their negotiating skills...
Episode 8 - Farmer's Market
The candidates travel to find an agricultural product that can be transformed into a commodity and sold for profit at a City farmers'...
Episode 9 - Tottenham Hotspur
Six candidates remain in the battle to become Sir Alan Sugar's apprentice. He invites them to Tottenham Hotspur Football Club for one of...
Episode 10 - Shopping Channel
Fouteen candidates compete in tests to win the prize of a job with Sir Alan Sugar. The five remaining candidates try to sell wares on a...
Episode 11 - Interviews
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The Final - Riverboat Parties
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The Apprentice: Tim in the Firing Line
This special one-off programme follows series one winner, Tim, in his first year as the new apprentice for Sir Alan. With an electronic...
Episode 1 - Fruit and Veg
The return of The Apprentice brings us 14 brand new candidates, who will battle it out over 12 weeks in an attempt to win a six-figure...
Episode 2 - Calendars
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Episode 3 - Ten Items to Buy
With only twelve candidates left, the teams are set to test their negotiation skills. Each team has to buy the same items and the team...
Episode 4 - Catering
With eleven candidates remaining, the candidiates must get a roasting in the catering business. They have two days to source, buy and...
The remaining ten candidates are given the task to promote a card that grants the bearer money for private jets. When they need a private...
Episode 6 - Car Sales
This week, the nine remaining candidates are given the task to sell second-hand cars. With only a 10-hour time limit, they need to...
Episode 7 - Topshop
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Episode 8 - Trade Sales
As the series enters the second half, Sir Alan arrives at the house to tell the contestants that they must sell goods to traders.
Episode 9 - Estate Agency
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Episode 10 - Cruise
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On Week 11, the remaining 4 candidates are going it alone as they go into interview process again with 3 of the best of the people to...
The Final - Tower Bridge
Competition to win a highly paid job with multi-millionaire Sir Alan Sugar. The two finalists stage shows at Tower Bridge.
Episode 1 - Coffee
The Apprentice returns with 16 brand new contestants, who will battle it out week-by-week for the chance to win a six-figure salary as...
Episode 2 - Dog Accessory
With one candidate fired last week, the remaining 15 are given the task to design products for dogs. These ideas must then be presented...
Episode 3 - £200 Business Start Up
As usual, this week, the candidates need to make as much money as possible. However, in a test of entrepreneurial skills, the candidates...
Epsiode 4 - Sweets
It's time to see if the teams have a sweet tooth, with this weeks task involving the manufacturing and selling of sweets at London Zoo....
Episode 5 - Photography
The candidates get a chance to earn thousands of pounds for Sir Alan by choosing and selling art photographs.
Episode 6 - French Market
The remaining ten candidates get a special treat from Sir Alan, as they take a trip across the Channel. However, this will be no holiday,...
It's time to see how well the candidates can negotiate, as they have to buy ten items for the lowest amount of money. It may seem to be a...
Episode 8 - Trainers
The candidates have to create their own brand of trainer. They are then required, with the help of first class advertising agencies, to...
The candidates have to choose from a selection of innovative products which have never been seen before in the UK market. They are then...
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It's time for the five remaining candidates to face the interview process. Three candidates are set to face the chop, as Sir Alan looks...
Episode 12 - Building Design
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Episode 1 - Selling Fish
To start of the new season, Sir Alan sets the task in which two teams, separating into the girls and the boys, have to sell fish out on...
Episode 2 - Laundry
Sir Alan Sugar puts 16 applicants through the job interview from hell. After an exhausting first task, the applicants are challenged to...
Episode 3 - Pub Restaurant
The teams must take over a pub and turn it into a themed restaurant - however, the pub kitchens in which the teams will be based, have...
Four weeks into his search for an apprentice, Sir Alan challenges the teams to set up their own photography business at a busy shopping...
Episode 5 - Ice Cream
It's down to the farm for our Apprentice wannabes, as the teams take on an ice cream making challenge. Alpha and Renaissance must make...
Episode 6 - Greetings Cards
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Episode 7 - Buying in Morocco
The candidates set off on a two-day business trip to Marrakesh, where they are challenged to find the best deals possible when buying 10...
Episode 8 - Wedding Expo
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Episode 9 - Tissues
The candidates must design their own brand of tissues, and create both a TV commercial and printed advertisement in order to promote the...
Episode 10 - Supercar Rentals
Sir Alan gives the teams a choice of supercars and challenges them to rent them out to members of the public. It's not hard to turn heads...
The five remaining candidates undergo a sequence of intense interviews by four of Sir Alan Sugar's business colleagues. The interviewers...
Episode 12 - Fragrance
The remaining four candidates are split into two teams to develop and present a new type of fragrance. The teams are joined by former...
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After a punishing first task, there is no let-up for the candidates, as Sir Alan challenges them to set up a catering service for busy...
Episode 3 - Fitness Product
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Episode 4 - Cosmetics
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Episode 5 - Breakfast Cereal
The candidates are given the task of a new breakfast cereal with a brand identity including a name for the cereal, design for the box and...
Episode 6 - Selling Bric-a-brac
The candidates are tasked with taking a collection of items given to them by Sir Alan Sugar and selling them for the most proffit.
Episode 7 - Selling to Trade
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Episode 9 - Baby Trade Show
The teams interview suppliers of baby equipment, select two products, and sell them on to a potential 10,000 customers at the country's...
The teams must select products which they believe will sell the best during an hour of live television. They must then sell these...
There's no place to hide as the final five candidates face four of Sir Alan's trusted advisors in face-to-face interviews.
Episode 12 - Chocolates
Lord Sugar meets a fresh batch of candidates in his search for an apprentice, as another series of the business-based reality TV show...
Beach Accessory
Following an early morning call summoning the candidates to Heathrow airport, hopes are high for a sunshine getaway. No such luck for the...
The candidates seize the opportunity to impress Lord Sugar as they take over an industrial bakery. The teams are each given a market...
Selling To Trade
The teams are at the Science Museum, where they have to select two innovative new products to sell to trade. One of the members of the...
It is week five, and the candidates boldly enter the world of fashion. Lord Sugar ups the ante when he challenges the teams to open...
The battle to become Lord Sugar's next apprentice intensifies as the remaining candidates reach the series' half-way mark. After a rude...
The remaining candidates head to Pinewood film studios in Buckinghamshire, where they are challenged to create personal movie experiences...
The teams must represent British crisp companies hoping to break into the German market.
Discount Buying
Alan Sugar summons the seven remaining candidates in the heart of the City and challenges them to purchase a series of unusual items at...
Alan Sugar challenges the remaining candidates to set up their London tour company and provide open-top bus excursions for tourists. The...
The Final Five
As the series draws to a close and tension mounts, this programme profiles the remaining five candidates, revealing the true stories...
Lord Sugar's search for an apprentice reaches its penultimate week, and the five remaining candidates face a different type of challenge:...
Why I Fired Them
Lord Sugar looks back on the unsuccessful candidates in the 2010 series. From making sausages and selling clothes to creating a character...
The Final and You're Hired
After eleven gruelling tasks of the job interview from hell, it's finally time for Lord Sugar to choose his next Apprentice. The two...
£250 Business Start Up
The stakes are raised higher than ever in this series of The Apprentice, as this time there is no six-figure salary job on offer....
Mobile Phone Application
An early morning delivery sends the candidates into the fast-paced world of technology. Lord Sugar challenges the teams to think big and...
Discount Buying for the Savoy
The candidates are called to meet Lord Sugar at London's famous Savoy Hotel to be briefed on their next task. Following a 220 million...
Lord Sugar gathers the candidates under the statue of Aphrodite at the British Museum, and reveals their next task: to set-up beauty...
Create, Brand and Launch a Pet Food
In a pre-recorded briefing via a giant screen flanked by Karren and Nick, Lord Sugar has called the candidates to an advertising agency....
Alan Sugar calls the candidates to a rubbish dump, and challenges them to form junk-collection businesses. One half of each team has to...
Freemium Magazine Launch
The teams are called to gleaming offices in Fleet Street, home to London's oldest newspaper district. Lord Sugar informs the candidates...
The venue for the candidates' latest briefing is St Pancras International. With the next Eurostar about to leave, there is just time for...
The candidates are enjoying their day off when Lord Sugar turns up at the door. Suddenly it's down to work after he tells them to make,...
Called to a north London wholesale warehouse, the teams are met by a nostalgic Lord Sugar, who tells the teams that it was from places...
As this year's series of The Apprentice draws to a close and the tension mounts, this programme profiles the remaining five candidates....
Fast Food Chain
At a shopping mall in the City of London, Lord Sugar points out to the teams the wide range of successful fast-food chains and tells them...
How To Get Hired
After eleven tasks, it's finally time for Lord Sugar to choose his business partner. The four finalists each have to face a gruelling...
Sixteen candidates begin their fight for one-life changing opportunity - a quarter of a million pounds to start up a business with Lord...
Household Gadget
Lord Sugar calls the teams to the Victoria and Albert Museum. Their task is to invent a new household gadget, create a prototype and...
Lord Sugar decides to mix up the teams for the third task, which is to come up with a new condiment; one team goes for a...
Junk Shops
Lord Sugar asks the teams to set up second-hand shops in London's fashionable East End, home to a thriving market in retro and...
Lord Sugar turns the candidates' attentions towards the highly profitable keep fit industry. The teams have two days to devise and brand...
It is week six, and Lord Sugar sends the candidates to Scotland, where they must make gourmet grub and sell it on the streets of...
Flip it in Essex
The teams are called to a warehouse in Essex; Lord Sugar tells the candidates that this is how he started out, buying wholesale goods and...
The eighth task starts with an early morning trip to Waterloo Station, but the teams are not going anywhere; underneath the railway...
English Bubbles
The longest champagne bar in Europe at St Pancras International is the venue chosen by Lord Sugar to launch the latest task. But he is...
Discount Dealing
The candidates are called to meet Lord Sugar on a rooftop overlooking the City of London, where countless financial deals are done on a...
The candidates give their assessment of their personal triumphs and failures and the lessons they have learned during the process. Not to...
Lord Sugar calls the teams to Burlington Arcade, a luxury shopping centre in London's West End. He spells out that in the current...
They knew they had to impress Britain's toughest boss. If they failed, they'd get the chop. 16 hopefuls went into battle for Lord Sugar's...
The Final: Interviews and You're Hired
The final episode of this series sees Lord Sugar name his business partner. The final four candidates are called to the Institute of...
Sixteen ambitious entrepreneurs fight for a £250,000 investment from Lord Sugar. Each team is given a shipping container of imported...
The candidates are tasked with developing a flavoured beer; two candidates who want Lord Sugar to invest in the drinks business go...
Flat-Pack
The candidates must come up with a unique piece of flat-pack furniture, before producing prototypes and pitching their products to...
The fight for Lord Sugar's £250,000 investment continues with farmyard fun, as this task sees the candidates open their own farm shops....
The candidates face an early start, as a pre-dawn call informs them that they are off on a business trip to Dubai. Bags are quickly...
Called to Guildhall in the City of London, the candidates are given their latest task: putting on a corporate away day for two major...
The candidates are called to the Tower of London, where Lord Sugar tells them that their latest task is to sell products at the Motorhome...
There is love is in the air this week as the candidates are called to London's busiest registry office in Marylebone Town Hall.They learn...
The candidates are called to the restaurant at the top of the Gherkin in London, where they learn that their latest task is to create and...
Stall to Shop
The candidates receive an early morning call, telling them to gather in the sitting room of their London townhouse. Still in their...
As this series of The Apprentice draws to a close and the tension mounts, this programme profiles the remaining five candidates....
The candidates receive an early morning phone call from Lord Sugar, who tells them they have 24 hours to brush up on their business...
With Lord Sugar on the cusp of choosing his new business partner, this programme provides a chance to look back on the candidates who...
With just two candidates left battling it out for the £250,000 investment, the finalists receive a call telling them to travel to events...
Datum niet bekend
Seizoen 10
Ten Years of Selling
The battle to become Lord Sugar's next business partner begins with a selling task.
The candidates are asked to design a piece of wearable technology.
Each team must create their own range of home fragrance products.
Online Video Channel
The candidates are set a 21st-century task - creating video channels for YouTube.
The teams have two days to create their very own coach tours.
Lord Sugar asks the candidates to design a brand new board game.
Advertising - New York
Lord Sugar asks the candidates to come up with an advertising campaign for a soft drink.
Country Show
The candidates attempt to crack the rural market at the Royal Bath and West show.
Ten Years of Discount Buying
Lord Sugar tells the candidates that he wants to test their negotiation skills.
Premium Pudding
The candidates are asked to create a brand new range of premium puddings.
As the tenth series draws to a close, this programme profiles the remaining candidates.
The remaining candidates are interviewed by four of Lord Sugar's trusted advisers.
Lord Sugar takes a look back at the candidates who fell before the final hurdle.
The two finalists must launch their businesses with the help of some former candidates.
Ambitious entrepreneurs start their fight for a life-changing investment.
Advertising - Cactus Shampoo
The candidates must create a new shampoo brand and design an advertising campaign for it.
Cross-Channel Discount Buying
The candidates must find nine items and negotiate the best possible price.
Lord Sugar instructs the candidates to tap into one of the UK's biggest markets - pet products. The task is simple - choose some products...
At the London Library in St James's Square, Lord Sugar sets the candidates a surprising task - write and design a children's book, and...
It's halfway, and it's hard graft. Donning hi-vis jackets and steel-toe-capped boots, the candidates travel to meet Lord Sugar in a south...
At the house, the off-duty candidates are interrupted by Lord Sugar, who sets them his latest challenge - open a discount store and, in...
It's week eight and the candidates are taken back in time to the Museum of Childhood. Lord Sugar instructs the teams to become party...
Last year's winner of The Apprentice, Mark Wright (remember him?), recently quoted Lord Sugar as saying, 'You make money from property...
Health Snack
Lord Sugar summons the remaining candidates to the London Aquatic Centre, where he gives them the task of creating and producing a new...
Ten weeks ago, eighteen potential business partners arrived at the boardroom in the hope of becoming Lord Sugar's next business partner....
The battle to become Lord Sugar's business partner is nearing the end, as the remaining few candidates have 24 hours to brush up on their...
With the final just days away, and Lord Sugar on the cusp of choosing his new business partner, The Apprentice: Why I Fired Them offers...
The two remaining candidates are summoned to London's City Hall, where Lord Sugar sets them their final task. They must launch their...
A new group of candidates set off on their first task - selling collectables at Wimbledon Car Boot Sale.
Advertising - Jeans
The candidates are summoned to the Istituto Marangoni where Lord Sugar tells them that their next task they must create an advertising...
Lord Sugar decides it's time to mix up the boys and girls. It is a sticky task ahead, as the candidates must design and manufacture their...
The candidates are summoned to Drapers' Hall, where they learn that for their next task they will be taking over part of the world-famous...
Cycling Crowdfunding
Lord Sugar wants the candidates to help secure investment for someone else. They must help two entrepreneurs launch their new cycling...
Lord Sugar sends the candidates out to work the night shift. They have to stay awake, find nine items, negotiate the best possible price...
Lord Sugar instructs the candidates to tap into one of the UK's biggest markets - the boating and leisure industry. The task is simple,...
London Landmarks
The candidates are summoned to the National Portrait Gallery, where Lord Sugar instructs them to organise an exclusive late-night event...
Virtual Reality Game
After a leisurely morning in the house, the candidates are shocked when Karren and Claude appear at the front door to give a briefing...
As the teams move into week 10, the remaining candidates are summoned to the Old Royal Naval College in Greenwich. Here Lord Sugar sets...
Ten weeks ago, 18 candidates arrived in the boardroom in the hope of becoming Alan Sugar's next business partner. As series 12 draws to a...
The battle to become Lord Sugar's business partner is nearing the end, as the remaining candidates have 24 hours to brush up on their...
Ahead of the final, Lord Sugar looks back on the tasks from this year's series and assesses the candidates' performances. Helped by...
The two finalists receive a call summoning them to London's City Hall. Lord Sugar informs them that their final task is to launch their...
Alan Sugar begins another search for a business partner, challenging a new group of candidates to design and manufacture their own...
Hotel Redesign
The candidates are summoned to Stoke Park, a five-star hotel in Buckinghamshire, where they learn that this week's challenge will see...
This week, Lord Sugar summons the contestants to London's new Design Museum, where the teams find out that they are to create, programme...
Stadium Sales
As the competition continues, Lord Sugar instructs the candidates that this week's task is to set up and run a corporate box, and sell...
Lord Sugar's Birthday
As Lord Sugar celebrates his 70th birthday, the contestants are tasked to a shopping spree across London to purchase items that mark...
Bruges Tour
Alan Sugar sends the candidates off to Bruges to create a high-quality tour of the beautiful Belgian city that passengers would be happy...
Advertising - Cars
Candidates have to create advertising campaigns for a new car in Essex, splitting into two teams - one half producing a television advert...
Doggy Business
Alan Sugar tasks the candidates with running their own doggy service business. Based at an established pooch-pampering venue, the teams...
Lord Sugar tasks the candidates with cooking up a concept for a new recipe kit. Half-baked branding and kitchen nightmares result in sour...
This week, Lord Sugar tasks the remaining contestants to become fashion agents, and sell a range of garments from up and coming...
Profiles of the remaining candidates, delving into their backgrounds, as well as looking back over their journeys in the process so far.
This time, the final five candidates are summoned to Lord Sugar's newly refurbished offices in the City of London. There they are joined...
Ahead of the final, Lord Sugar looks back on the tasks from this year's series and assesses the candidates' performances. The business...
The two finalists take on their last challenge to win a coveted investment from Alan Sugar, with hand-picked teams of contestants from...
The search for Lord Sugar's next business partner begins. For their first task, the candidates fly to Malta to find nine Maltese items...
Lord Sugar tasks the candidates with creating a comic aimed at children. They need to invent a name, a main character and a story, as...
Lord Sugar tasks the candidates with manufacturing and selling upmarket doughnuts to both a corporate client and the public.
Bodybuilding Expo
The candidates are summoned to London's Royal Albert Hall, where Lord Sugar sets them the challenge of selling at one of the world's...
The candidates must create and market a brand new shoe, along with putting together an event to launch and sell their product to major...
Airline Advertising
The candidates are summoned to London City Airport, where Lord Sugar sets them the task of devising a marketing campaign for a brand new...
Lord Sugar sets the candidates a gardening task. The teams must set up their own urban gardening business, carrying out commercial and...
Glasgow Art
The candidates head north to Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum in Glasgow, where they are tasked with becoming art dealers, selling work...
TV Selling
The candidates head to TV Centre in west London, where they are tasked with selling live to the nation on one of Britain's leading TV...
Lord Sugar pays the six remaining candidates a flying visit, challenging them to cash in on the lucrative Christmas market.
An in-depth look at the final five candadiates, featuring interviews from family, friends and loved ones, as well as Lord Sugar's trusted...
The final five candidates face the scrutiny of Lord Sugar's most trusted advisors, who are primed to put each of their business plans...
Lord Sugar looks back at the candidates who fell before the final hurdle and the tasks that took them to the brink, with the help of some...
The finalists must now launch their businesses by producing a digital screen and directing a TV advert, before pitching to Lord Sugar and...
Lord Sugar kicks off the new series with a task like no other. Sixteen candidates are sent to South Africa to set up wine and safari tours.
Ice Lollies
The teams are challenged to create, manufacture and sell their own ranges of ice lollies.
The teams are sent back to school as Lord Sugar reveals that for this week's task they will be creating a toy for 6-8-year-olds.
Lord Sugar summons the candidates to the London Transport Museum, where they learn that this week's task is to create and sell their own...
Oxford and Cambridge Discount Buying
Lord Sugar sends the candidates to the historic university cities of Oxford and Cambridge, where they will attempt to procure nine items...
Lord Sugar challenges the candidates to create and market a new rollercoaster.
Finland Advertising
The candidates must create an advertising campaign to persuade UK tourists to visit Finland. Finland is known as a winter destination,...
The teams host a corporate away day onboard the iconic Belmond British Pullman train.
Music Managers
Lord Sugar challenges the candidates to act as talent managers. They must audition unsigned musicians, choose which one to represent,...
Lord Sugar asks the candidates to don their lab coats and goggles as he challenges them to create and sell their own perfume.
The five remaining candidates are put under the microscope, revealing the real people behind the business wear.
The final five candidates go head to head with Lord Sugar's advisors as they present their business plans and face the bigwigs' scrutiny.
With Lord Sugar on the cusp of choosing his new business partner, we look back on the candidates who fell before the final hurdle.
To convince Lord Sugar they're worthy of his cash, the last two candidates must now launch their businesses, with a little help from some...
Comic Relief Does The Apprentice (Part 1)
In this special edition of The Apprentice, Sir Alan Sugar challenges two teams of five celebrities (one male team, one female team) to...
Sport Relief Does the Apprentice (Part 1)
Sir Alan Sugar sets ten celebrities from the world of TV, comedy, sport and politics a gruelling task in this special edition of The...
The Worst Decisions Ever
It's the toughest job on television and has given us some of the funniest TV moments ever – remember 2007's winner Simon Ambrose and that...
Series 4: The Final Five
As this year's series of The Apprentice draws to a close and the tension mounts, the final five candidates are profiled - looking at the...
Series 4: Why I Fired Them
A look back at the candidates who didn't make the cut. From the kosher chicken debacle in Morocco to the ill-conceived eco-cards...
Comic Relief Does the Apprentice 2009 (part 1)
Sir Alan Sugar sets ten celebrities his toughest challenge yet in a special edition of the reality series. Stars including Jack Dee,...
See who Sir Alan fires.
Nick And Margaret's Memorable Moments
The best of the first 4 series of the BBC series following budding entrepreneurs and business-people as they strive to impress Sir Alan...
The Audtions
With just days to go before Sir Alan Sugar chooses his apprentice, a chance to remember the candidates who didn't quite make it.
Series 5: You're Hired
After twelve weeks, Sir Alan's search has come to an end, and he has found his new apprentice. Hear from the winner, the runner-up and...
Motor Mouths
Clip show in which celebrity fans and former contenders remember those motor mouth candidates who only just failed to become The Apprentice.
Ten Years of The Apprentice
With the start of the tenth series of The Apprentice just days away, Ten Years of The Apprentice takes a sideways glance at the last...
Having started 12 weeks ago, Sir Alan Sugar's search for his apprentice is over for another year and he is joined by the winner and...
Series 3: Beyond the Boardroom
A profile of the most successful candidates from the 2007 series of The Apprentice, offering an insight into the real people behind the...
A look back at the candidates who didn't make the cut. Talking about their worst moments, Sir Alan Sugar reveals how, each week, he...
Tim in the Firing Line
As a new bunch of aspiring tycoons prepare to face Alan Sugar's challenges, a look at how the winner of the first series, Tim Campbell,...
Series 1: The Story So Far
A chance to catch up with what happened in the first six episodes. Eight candidates remain in the fight to become Sir Alan Sugar's...
Series 1: You're Hired!
Adrian Chiles talks to the winner of The Apprentice, his new boss, Sir Alan Sugar, and the losing candidates to discover the lessons they...
Series 11: Meet the Candidates
The Apprentice is back and we've got your exclusive first look at this year's candidates. Matt Edmondson gives his own take on the...
Series 12 Meet the Candidates
An Interview with Nick and Margaret
Series 11: The Story So Far
Missed The Apprentice so far? Get up to speed for the rest of the series with Matt Edmondson's mid-series round up.
Series 12: Inside The Apprentice House
Matt Edmondson is back to give Lord Sugar's 16 potential business partners a grilling in his hilarious alternative interviews.
Ever wanted to know what it's really like inside The Apprentice house? Well, here's your chance as Matt Edmondson gives us a sneak peek...
Celebrity Apprentice for Comic Relief (1) - The Cabaret Task
Alan Sugar challenges two teams of famous faces to organise and host a themed cabaret night in less than 48 hours, under the critical eye...
Celebrity Apprentice for Comic Relief (2) - The Boardroom
The celebrity candidates from the worlds of entertainment, sport, journalism and comedy continue their efforts to raise as much money as...
An exclusive and exciting first look at this year's 16 Apprentice candidates! Matt Edmondson returns to give Lord Sugar's potential new...
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text:
Údolí ticha (v rumunském originále Valea Mutã) je čtyřdílná rumunská minisérie televize HBO Europe z roku 2016. Dva sedmnáctiletí spolužáci se náhodně stanou svědky čtyřnásobné vraždy. Přesto se z osobních důvodů rozhodnou nejít se svým svědectvím na policii. Jedná se o remake norského seriálu Øyevitne z roku 2014.

Děj
Kamarádi Filip a Horia jsou spolužáci, kteří žijí ve městě Râșnov v župě Brašov. Horia je nadšenec do motokrosu a denně trénuje v lese na blížící se závody. Jednoho večera dojde mezi nimi v lesní chatě v Tichém údolí k intimnímu sblížení. Zároveň se stanou svědky mnohonásobné vraždy. Snaží se utéct, ale vrah je pronásleduje lesem. Horiovi se podaří vraha omráčit a s Filipem uprchnout. Horia přemluví Filipa, aby o všem pomlčel, protože se bojí, že by se někdo dověděl, co se odehrálo mezi ním a Filipem. K případu vražd je přidělená prokurátorka Elena Zamfirová, Filipova teta a zároveň pěstounka poté, co její sestra skončila ve vězení za prodej drog. Spolupráce prokurátorky s útvarem DIICOT, který je nepřímo spojen s vyšetřováním záhadných vražd z Tichého údolí, je od začátku problematická. Stejně obtížné je vyšetřování v místní romské komunitě, odkud pocházejí zavraždění. Ti pracovali pro gang místního mafiána Nica Jartey. Elena musí také řešit spory s Filipem, který jí sdělí, že Horia byl svědkem vraždy. Ten však nejprve všechno popře. Robert Dima je novým velitelem protidrogového oddělení a ukazuje se, že čtyřnásobná vražda s jejich vyšetřováním souvisí. Horia a posléze i Filip se dostanou do vážného nebezpečí.

Obsazení

Rumunské kriminální televizní seriály
Televizní seriály vysílané od roku 2016
Televizní seriály vysílané do roku 2016
Televizní seriály s LGBT tématem
Televizní seriály HBO

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
In der Ozeanografie und in der Limnologie ist die trophogene Zone (von griech. trophe Ernährung; gennan erzeugen), die auch als Nährschicht oder Aufbauschicht bezeichnet wird, der lichtdurchflutete Oberflächenbereich eines Gewässers. Da hier die Photosynthese ablaufen kann, ist in diesem Bereich, je nach dem Nährstoffgehalt, ein mehr oder weniger ausgiebiges pflanzliches Wachstum, vor allem in Form von Phytoplankton (Algen) und anderen Unterwasserpflanzen, vorzufinden und damit eine Primärproduktion  möglich. Die trophogene Zone ist durch äußere Temperaturen und andere klimatische Verhältnisse beeinflusst und beeinflusst diese ihrerseits.

Oft wird die Trophogene Zone mit dem Epilimnion eines Gewässers gleichgesetzt. Dies ist jedoch nur bedingt richtig:

In der Trophogenen Zone findet bei Licht Photosynthese statt und liefert Sauerstoff sowie den Aufbau von Biomasse. Gleichzeitig atmen aber die dort lebenden Organismen auch ständig. Nur soweit und solange die lichtgesteuerte Photosynthese größer ist als die Atmung, ist die Bilanz trophogen. Dies hängt von der verfügbaren Lichtmenge ab, die mit dem Wetter und der Tageszeit fluktuiert, und von der Eindringtiefe des Lichtes in das Gewässer. Nachts ist aber auch die bei Tag lichtdurchflutete Wasserschicht tropholytisch, d. h. Biomasse wird netto abgebaut. Aus diesen Zusammenhängen ergibt sich, dass die Trophogene Zone zeitbezogen definiert werden muss: momentan, im Tagesdurchschnitt, über die Stagnationsperiode hinweg oder gar im Jahresdurchschnitt. Dies hängt von der jeweiligen Fragestellung ab.

Siehe auch
Tropholytische Zone
Ökosystem See

Limnologie
Meeresbiologie


Wednesday Woof! – On Thursday!
Wednesday came and went and I forgot to post my Wednesday Woof! So here it is on Thursday. You know, sometimes being a guinea pig is hard work. All that eating, hiding, and sleeping… It makes posting difficult.
Have you ever just been so tried after you eat that you curl up in your bowl? Maybe you just love your food that much?
I just like to turn my dish over so that all the food is on the ground, a much more efficient method if you ask me!
Do you love Welsh Corgis? How about when they are so tired they just fall asleep like this?
I love how he was so tired his little legs are out like he just collapsed! So cute!


I'm analysing an hardware device (a dongle key) than seems to be using a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) cypher. I am quite sure it uses LFSR because i obtained similar results simulating 2 LFSR in cascade mode.
The device contains a certain number of 16bits cells who could be programmed once from the vendor in order to obtain different cypher algorythms (2 cells = 1 algorythm).
I found the algorythm is based on 2 'seed' values than depends from the 2 'cell' content (a dump obtained with some of those values follows).
My purpose is to find the exact correlation between the 2 'cell' values and the 'seed' values.
Does anyone has any suggestion about how to analyze the problem ?
just curious is that a sspro standard dongle your working on?
[Originally Posted by Sab]just curious is that a sspro standard dongle your working on?
If it's really an LFSR, then you can use the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm.
Very thanks for your suggestion.
[Originally Posted by mike]If it's really an LFSR, then you can use the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm.
About the 'sample' values, yes, there are from an SSPRO dongle using the 'standard' (not 'enhanced') query mode.
The 'standard' algo is completely useless in order to emulate a 'real' dongle, but it's still useful to guess the original content of cells in range 00-07 (write & override pwds).
In fact, the B&M algorythm could be used to retrieve the LFSR feedback from a sequence of MULTIPLE results obtained with the SAME feedback value.
In my case, i have a list of SINGLE results obtained with DIFFERENT feedback values.
Does anyone has another suggestion ???
sapu. see pm, send me an email or send me ur email.


Shikumen is a type of tenement housing unique to Shanghai. Not quite Chinese and not quite Western, it was built in the late 19th Century and early 20th Century to house Chinese people in the Western quarters.
The remaining shikumen buildings are badly deteriorated (as most old things are in China), and are now being demolished block by block and replaced with Shikumen-looking buildings that are no longer tenements but expensive resturants, bars and boutiques, where a designer t-shirt costs more than what the people still living in the yet-to-be-demolished building next block would make in a month.
Here is a look at the shikumen housing before they are all gone.


This month we are very excited to share one of our most anticipated features from the Microsoft Data Insights Summit: Bookmarking. Combining bookmarking with some of our other recently released features such as drillthrough and what if gives you powerful storytelling capabilities and lets you create highly interactive reports. We also have some more visual improvements and a big update to our quick measures feature this month.
We are very excited to announce our preview of bookmarking. This was one of the features we demoed at the Data Insights Summit as a very powerful way to save and share out your insights with others. Bookmarking lets you save interesting states as part of your report. Once you have a list of bookmarks, you can use those in several ways, including a quick way to pick up where you left off in your analysis, for organizing presentations of your report, creating report navigation, and more.
And while we don't yet bookmark cross highlighting, that is something we definitely plan to implement soon.
Once you turn on the preview feature switch, you can add bookmarks by opening the bookmarks pane, which can be found under the View tab.
Set up your report to look how you want, with all the filters properly set, and click the Add button under Bookmarks.
This will add a bookmark to pane, which you can rename and go back to whenever you want. You can continue adding as many bookmarks as you want.
If you want to use your bookmarks as a story or in a presentation, you can use the View option to enter into a view mode for bookmarks.
When in this mode, there is a title bar for each bookmark that includes the bookmark name and navigation arrows. At this point, you can close the bookmarking pane if you want.
This mode is a good way to preview your bookmarks in the Power BI Desktop. It's also a great way to navigate bookmarks in the Power BI service, where you can also enter into full screen mode to hide all the navigation menus.
While bookmarking is in preview, you will need to add your initial bookmarks to your report in the Power BI Desktop. After you publish your reports to the service, you'll see the bookmarks pane option in the View dropdown and can then edit and view your bookmarks all you want.
Since this feature is in preview, you'll need to enable it the first time through File>Options and Settings>Options. In the dialog, open the Preview features tab and select Bookmarking.
While bookmarking is in preview, we would really appreciate your feedback. What would you like to see added or changed? So please, start playing with the preview and add any and all feedback you have to the comments here and our ideas page!
As part of bookmarking, we also added a new selection pane. This pane lists out all objects on the report page you are currently viewing and allows you to select the visual from here. This is very useful when you are authoring complex reports with many overlapping charts. You can also hide visuals on your report through this pane. By combining this feature with bookmarking, you can create very interesting reports with visuals changing out depending on the current bookmark selection.
You can open the selection pane through the View tab.
In the selection pane, for each item on the current page, you'll see either an eye or line icon letting you know if it is visible or not. Clicking on the eye icon will let you toggle the visual between hidden and visible.
As mentioned earlier, visibility state can also be bookmarked, so it is useful for storytelling purposes. While hidden, slicers will continue to filter the report page, so you can create some pretty interesting reports using this feature.
Another feature we are releasing in coordination with bookmarking is links for shapes and images. Last month, as part of drillthrough, we added the ability to link shapes and images to the previous page to create back buttons. We are extended that linking feature to also allow you to link shapes and images to bookmarks as well. This is a great feature for creating custom navigation in your reports or creating buttons that perform different actions across your report.
You'll find the option in the formatting pane under the Link card. You can pick either Back or Bookmark as your link type. If you pick bookmark, you'll have a dropdown to pick one of the bookmarks you currently have in your report.
Just like the back button, you can activate bookmark buttons by pressing ctrl+click while in editing mode or just clicking in reading mode.
As part of bookmarking, we are also adding a new way to call attention to a specific chart during presentations. You can already use our focus mode to temporarily increase the size of a chart to fill the whole page. If instead, you want to easily call attention to a chart without losing the context of the report, you can spotlight a visual to fade out all the other charts on the page.
Clicking anywhere else on the report will remove the spotlight. You can find this option under the "…" of any chart.
This spotlight feature can also be included as part of a bookmark.
Back in June, we released marker controls for line, area, and combo charts, and this month we are extending marker controls to scatter and bubble charts as well. Using the Marker shape option in the Shapes card of the formatting pane, you can change your marker to a circle, square, diamond, or triangle.
You can also customize it per series to make your reports more accessible.
Last month, we introduced a new sampling algorithm for scatter charts designed with high density data in mind. We didn't want to stop there, so this month we are also giving you a way to increase the number of data points shown in your scatter chart. Using the new Data volume slider in the General card of the formatting pane, you can set the max data volume to any number between 3,500 and 10,000.
Since more data points can mean longer loading time, if you do choose to publish reports with limits at the higher end of the scale, make sure to test out your reports across the web and mobile as well make sure performance matches your users' expectations.
Now you can use quick measures for report that are using live connection mode against SQL Server Analysis Services models. You can turn on the preview feature switch and start using them right away in your models. One thing to be aware of is since different quick measures require support for different DAX functions and operators, some quick measures won't be available on certain AS server versions.
We also are extending quick measure support to work with your custom date tables. Previously, the time intelligent quick measures (period-to-date, period-over-period, rolling average) could only be used with the Power BI-provided hierarchies. Now, if your model has a custom Date table (for example, the DimDate table in the AdventureWorks model), you can use the primary date column in that table for time intelligent quick measures. You'll need to make sure the person who build the model has marked it as a Date table.
We also have yet another quick measure to share with you: totals from new categories! You'll find this new quick measure under the Filters category.
This quick measure lets you find things like the sales data for first time customers or the number of first time helpdesk callers.
Thanks to Marco Russo for submitting this in the Quick Measures Gallery. Be sure to try this new quick measure out and let us know what measures you'd like added next!
With this month's update, we're adding a new data connector to Power BI Desktop for Vertica. The Vertica Analytics platform is designed for use in data warehouses and other big data workloads where speed, scalability, simplicity, and openness are crucial to the success of analytics. Vertica relies on a tested, reliable distributed architecture and columnar compression to deliver blazingly fast speed.
The new Vertica connector allows you to build reports by importing or creating a DirectQuery connection to your databases in the Vertica Analytics Platform.
The new Vertica connector is available as a beta connector and can be found under the "Other" category within the Get Data dialog.
When selecting this connector, you will be prompted to specify your Vertica server/database details and will be able to specify which Data Connectivity mode to use.
The first time you connect, you will be asked to specify credentials for Vertica.
Once the connection has been established with your credentials, you'll be able to browse and select one or multiple tables within the Navigator dialog and then decide to load or edit your data.
One of the most requested features for the SAP BW connector has been the ability to import additional member properties, besides Medium Name. With this month's release of Power BI Desktop, we're making these properties available in the SAP BW connector so that you can select them within the Navigator dialog.
You can select one or multiple properties for each selected object, which will be represented as new columns in the output results of your queries.
You can learn more about this feature and our other announcements at Ignite in our dedicated blog post.
We want to make it even easier for new users to find content that will help the learn Power BI and current users get access to community sites, so this month we are adding a Help tab. This tab is all about giving you quick and easy access to all these resources.
We also know how important it is when a user is new to get access to these resources, so we have integrated our newsletter form into the first experience. Starting this month, new users will see a form to fill out before they can start using Power BI Desktop the first time. Once this form is filled out, we can provide helpful newsletters with getting started content and latest announcements.


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Altruism Articles & More
Gaming for Good
Can video games inspire altruism?
By Kyle Smith | June 1, 2010
For years, video games have been linked to aggression and violence, with researchers and media reports suggesting that violent games have inspired or even caused violent acts.
But a new study suggests that video games can be a force for good, finding that games with positive objectives can actually inspire people to perform acts of altruism.
Research suggests that games like Lemmings, where the goal is to help others, inspire real-life acts of altruism.
Over four experiments, Tobias Greitemeyer and Silia Osswald, researchers at the University of Sussex in England and Ludwig-Maximilian University in Germany, respectively, had participants play either a "prosocial" game—a game where the goal is to help others—or a "neutral" game, meaning it has no characters with whom to interact positively or negatively, like Tetris. Then the researchers placed the participants in situations where they had the opportunity to help others, ranging from low-risk situations, such as seeing a dropped cup of pencils, to high-risk ones, like witnessing an angry ex-boyfriend harass an experimenter.
Greitemeyer and Osswald wanted to see if the participants were more likely to intervene after playing a prosocial game such as Lemmings (pictured), which tasks players with ensuring the safety of a group of fatally stupid creatures.
The results, published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, show that those who had played a game like Lemmings were much more likely to help in low- and high-risk situations than were those who had played a neutral-themed game.
The authors also investigated why they might have seen this link between prosocial games and prosocial behavior. Essentially, they suggest that playing video games with prosocial objectives fosters a prosocial mindset that makes people more willing to help others.
According to a study cited in the paper, 70-85 percent of games involve some kind of violence. So, although the content of games can cause behavioral shifts in either an aggressive or altruistic direction, gamers are much more likely to experience the former.
The authors' response to this disparity is a simple one. "There is clearly a need for prosocial video games that are highly attractive to customers," they write. "Convincing the video game industry to create such games would be an important first step."
Virtual Playgrounds By Kasey Crispin
Playing the Blame Game By Jeremy Adam Smith
Digital Diplomacy By Kathy M. Newman
How much "screen time" is too much? By Christine Carter
Super Mario: Helping More than the Princess By Kevin LaRose
I'm only 17 years old, and I've played video games pretty much my whole life. Almost every one of the games I've played had violence in them, but I have not had an aggressive attitude. Even so, I agree with you on the subject. I just think this aggressive attitude can be sated in other ways. For example, I have also played sports my whole life. I'm a member of 3 different varsity sports now. I think this was where I was able to let out any aggressive behaviors in a constructive way. I believe that children who play video games, should also be active in sports and social activities. It just think it helps improve character.
It's really nice to see a study on the positive effects of gaming. It's too bad you have to pay for the full study because I'm curious in how exactly the study group showed more pro-social behaviour and how they determined this behaviour was a direct effect of the game previously played. I guess there would be a lot of more factors coming into play to draw such a conclusion.
Carl Getter | 2:13 pm, April 17, 2011 | Link
It would be interesting to see a similar study that took place with a co-operative game (i.e. one where 2 or more people work together simultaneously to accomplish a goal) and compare the results to this study and see if similar results are obtained. It's great to see games are gaining more acceptance.
Review Tome | 1:02 am, April 19, 2011 | Link
Studying the game on the positive is what people should learn. Like me i teach my friend and siblings that game teach them a lot of things…
DIY Home Tools | 12:30 am, May 12, 2011 | Link
this is just wrong on so many levels. video games have never been proven to cause violence in people, if everyone who played grand theft auto, mortal kombat, or any "army" game turned violent, it would be like mad max out there. while its true that some violent people have played violent video games, you cant use them as the standard, if you did it would also be true that gov't work, teaching, being a student, playing sports, being a musician or an actor all turn people violent.
That being said in the game lemmings it is necessary to sacrifice a few lemmings to ensure the safety of the rest, if that's what is considered pro-social behavior then i am proud to be anti-social
george | 12:58 pm, July 31, 2011 | Link
The whole video games = violent behavior argument has never been legitimately about the sociological effects of this medium. It's always been about politicians trying to find the new social boogey man since America is no longer scared by pot or black people or commies. Fear makes people give away their power to those they think can protect them; hence the various attempted political crusades against games since the early 90's.
Radio did not make people stupid. Television did not rot your brain. Rock music was not the devil's music. And video games do not make psychopaths. Maybe it's time to learn from past hysterical behavior, hmm?
Matt | 1:57 pm, July 31, 2011 | Link
Dude. If video games inspire violence, then I would
like to see the day they inspire orange and blue
portals as transportation.
b100bluh | 9:58 pm, July 31, 2011 | Link
I have a bachelors degree of psychology, and i'm a
gamer. I did a very lengthy report on video games and
their effects, and unfortunately those who played
violent games (such as GTA, COD) were more likely to
behave aggressively immediately after playing the
Jess | 3:44 pm, August 26, 2011 | Link
i'm sure its also true you didn't do background test on those that acted aggressively to those those who didn't act aggressively… get a passive guy who plays violent games and he's still passive after finishing, get an aggressive guy possibly more aggressive. i don't know i'm the passive guy
george | 2:16 am, September 9, 2011 | Link
To be honest, I only ever played lemmings to watch them die. I wasn't allowed to play for very long.
blake | 1:42 pm, September 12, 2011 | Link
i wish my study is playing games like this ..
itn't it fun?
asalah | 2:52 am, September 27, 2011 | Link
This is great stuff.. also, It's great to see games are gaining more acceptance. To be honest, nintendo's mario bros is one of my favorite game.. much like this.
how to build muscle fast | 12:44 am, October 2, 2011 | Link
Hi Kyle i don't agree that violent computer games will inspire people to do violent things, if this is the case why do they keep creating games like this?
Canon sd1400is | 1:08 pm, November 16, 2011 | Link
"Research suggests that games like Lemmings, where the goal is to help others, inspire real-life acts of altruism." Yeah…You won't get that from Grand Theft Auto. lol
Pictures of Jesus | 3:41 pm, January 4, 2012 | Link
This makes perfect sense.
Easytether | 3:43 pm, January 4, 2012 | Link
I see only one coincidence: Let idiots play violent games, and they become bigger idiots. You see them enjoying the killing and death animations. And often they yell for more. That doesn't happen with the average kid. They like the cooperative game-play (or competitive), showing their reaction speed and skills and would play the game even if it won't show blood. But I understand, that you can't demand a test for idiocy at the point of sale. And the question is, what number is bigger, idiots or average/ smart kids? I fear the answer. Maybe we should take care for the idiots and ban violent games for everybody. At least it will lead to less idiots getting dumb ideas. That would be a benefit for all of us.
Best Deals online | 3:31 pm, January 12, 2012 | Link
Three Ways to Help Your Students Cultivate Their Inner Lives
Providing space for young people to explore their spirituality may benefit everyone.


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Mating system and reproductive fitness traits of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) in large, central versus small, isolated, marginal populations. 2002. Rajora, O.P.; Mosseler, A.; Major, J.E. Canadian Journal of Botany 80: 1173-1184.
Catalog ID: 21264
CFS Availability: Order paper copy (free)
Multilocus (tm) and single-locus(ts) outcrossing and actual inbreeding rates and seed traits were determined for eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) in six small, remnant, and marginal populations from two regions (East and West) in Newfoundland and in three large populations from the center of the species' geographic range in Ontario to examine the effects of small population size and fragmentation on mating system parameters and reproductive fitness. The population tm ranged from 0.867 to 0.991, with a mean of 0.924 over all nine populations. The mean ts ranged from 0.672 to 0.908, with a mean of 0.797 over the nine populations. The Ontario populations, on average, showed higher but statistically similar outcrossing rates (tm = 0.947, ts = -.848) to the Newfoundland populations (tm = 0.912, ts = 0.772). The Newfoundland West populations, on average, showed the lowest outcrossing rates (tm = 0.889, ts = 0.716). Individual family outcrossing rates, although slightly higher, were similar to their respective population outcrossing rates, and no significant differences were observed among families within populations. The mean ts were significantly lower than their corresponding tm, and the differences were significantly and positively correlated with the number of loci showing significant regression of pollen allele frequency on ovule genotype, suggesting possible occurrence of consanguineous mating. The Ontario populations showed the highest and the Newfoundland West populations the lowest reproductive fitness, with Newfoundland East populations ranking higher than Newfoundland West but significantly lower than Ontario populations. Actual inbreeding rates, determined by combining allozyme-based estimates of selfing in the filled seed component with estimates of inbreeding from the proportions of empty seeds, ranged from 7.4 to 31.6%, with an average of 22% for all populations and 11.1% for the Ontario, 24.7% for the Newfoundland East, and 30.1% for the Newfoundland West populations. Multilocus outcrossing rates were significantly correlated (i) negatively with the average distance to the five nearest neighboring trees (a surrogate measure for within-stand densities of reproductively mature trees) and (ii) positively with the proportion of filled seeds per cone. The filial seed progeny fixation index was positively correlated with both (i) average nearest-neighbor distances and (ii) proportion of empty seeds per cone. Thus, we detected strong interrelationships between the within-stand density of reproductively mature trees and both outcrossing rates and filled seed production. Interestingly, there was no relationship between the fixation index of the mature parent stands and their density. The genetic status of integrity of the extant parental populations may have been largely unaffected by the large-scale population decline experienced by eastern white pine early in the 20th century, a decline that showed an adverse effect on reproductive fitness of these populations.
Rajora, O.P.
Mosseler, A.
Major, J.E.
Genetics, Tree Improvement, and Biodiversity


A week packed with many events as part of the Channel Islands Heritage Festival. From talks to walks and theater play to augmented reality, find your own way to discover Alderney's fascinating heritage.
This year's festival will be running with the theme "Heroes, myths and legends".


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Leaders of the Libyan Rebellion
The Libyan rebels fighting to topple Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi are led by longtime opponents of the Qaddafi government as well as officials who defected once the rebellion began. The Benghazi-based National Transitional Council came together in late February as the official opposition body. Below are some of the main figures in the council leadership.
Mahmoud Jibril
Has been abroad during most of the rebellion trying to persuade foreign leaders to recognize the rebel council. Was head of the National Economic Development Board under Qaddafi before defecting at the beginning of the rebellion.
Mustafa Abdel-Jalil
Chairman of the National Transitional Council
Has been the leader of the rebel council since it was formed in February. Was Minister of Justice under Qaddafi until he resigned after violence was used against protesters.
Abdel Hafidh Ghoga
Vice Chairman of the National Transitional Council
A leader and spokesman for the rebel council since it was formed. Was a prominent Benghazi lawyer who was involved with representing families of prisoners killed at Tripoli's Abu Salim prison.
Ali Tarhouni
Has been managing the rebel government's finances. Exiled since 1974 for political activism. Was an economics lecturer at the University of Washington before he returned to Libya in February.
Fathi Terbil
National Transitional Council member
Has been involved in organizing the rebellion since it started. Is listed as representing youth on the council. His arrest by security forces sparked the initial protests. He legally represented the families of prisoners killed in Qaddafi prisons.
Khalifa Hifter
Senior commander of rebel troops
Was living in exile in the United States. Returned to Libya after the uprising started and began a public rivalry with General Younes by appointing himself field commander. Popular among rebel fighters as a hero of the Chad war.
Gen. Abdul Fattah Younes
Former military commander, killed July 28
The rebellion's top military commander through most of the uprising. Was killed under murky circumstances after being summoned to Benghazi by rebel leaders. Was interior minister and a friend of Colonel Qaddafi before defecting. His death revealed divisions within the rebel forces.
Ali al-Essawi
Executive branch deputy
Has assisted Mr. Jibril with foreign relations. Was an ambassador and a cabinet official under Colonel Qaddafi. He was among a group that summoned General Younes to Benghazi before he was killed. Some lawyers and judges have called for an investigation into his role in General Younes's arrest.
By THE NEW YORK TIMES |
Reprinted from The New York Times, International, of Tuesday, August 23, 2011.