text:
Viewpoint: Orbital Engineering, By Design
Scott A. Chambers, Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
January 12, 2015 •et; Physics 8, 4
In transition-metal oxides, the ability to control which atomic orbitals are occupied by electrons could be used to develop materials with new functionalities.
Figure 1: Inserting LaNiO3 in a superlattice induces an orbital polarization on the Ni site. Main image: A layer of LaNiO3 is sandwiched between LaTiO3 and LaAlO3 (the unit is repeated to form the superlattice). In this structure, the atom positions shift, which produces a built-in polarization and breaks the symmetry at the Ni site. These structural changes favor the occupancy of the 3z2−r2 orbital—one of five 3d orbitals—on the Ni cation. In addition, charge is transferred from Ti to Ni, enhancing the orbital polarization.Inserting LaNiO3 in a superlattice induces an orbital polarization on the Ni site. Main image: A layer of LaNiO3 is sandwiched between LaTiO3 and LaAlO3 (the unit is repeated to form the superlattice). In this structure, the atom positions shift, whi... Show more
Figure 1: Inserting LaNiO3 in a superlattice induces an orbital polarization on the Ni site. Main image: A layer of LaNiO3 is sandwiched between LaTiO3 and LaAlO3 (the unit is repeated to form the superlattice). In this structure, the atom positions shift, which produces a built-in polarization and breaks the symmetry at the Ni site. These structural changes favor the occupancy of the 3z2−r2 orbital—one of five 3d orbitals—on the Ni cation. In addition, charge is transferred from Ti to Ni, enhancing the orbital polarization.
Oxides containing transition metals have many fascinating properties, such as superconductivity, ferroelectricity, and forms of magnetism that are linked to the crystal structure. These properties depend on the charge and spin of the transition metal ion and which of its orbitals are occupied by electrons. Tuning these degrees of freedom, however, requires exquisite control over the material's composition and structure. Ankit Disa and colleagues at Yale University have now demonstrated the ability to selectively populate a particular orbital state of the nickelate LaNiO 3 by sandwiching a thin film of the material between different oxides in a superlattice [1]. The nickelate's orbital polarization—the ratio of the electron occupancy on two different valence orbitals—is 50% higher than its value for bulk LaNiO 3, the largest change obtained in a nickelate. Orbital occupancy is directly tied to band structure, so such "orbital engineering" could provide a path to controlling a material's electronic, magnetic and optical properties. For example, control over the orbital energies and electron occupancies in certain nickel-containing oxides can be a way to make spin switches, strong and inexpensive magnets, and optical devices.
Most attempts to control which orbitals on a transition metal are occupied by electrons have used strain, which can be induced by growing a film of the oxide on a substrate with the same crystal symmetry but slightly different lattice constants. Disa et al. have taken a different approach, designing a heterostructure that modifies both the symmetry at the Ni site and the Ni cation's valence state. Using molecular-beam epitaxy, a technique that deposits material one atomic layer at a time, they prepared superlattices built from stacks of units consisting of LaNiO 3 (LNO) sandwiched between the oxides LaTiO 3 (LTO) and LaAlO 3 (LAO). The working superlattice was [(LTO) 1(LNO) 1(LAO) 3] 12, with the subscripts inside the brackets indicating the number of unit cells of each oxide.
Ti and Ni cations have more than one possible oxidation state and can thus exchange charge. In LNO, both cations are in an octahedral "cage" of O atoms. The negatively charged oxygens create a crystal field that splits the energies associated with the five 3d electronic orbitals on the Ti and Ni sites. They split into three low-lying orbitals (the t2g orbitals) and two higher-energy orbitals (the eg orbitals). Ni 3+ has seven valence electrons and Ti 3 has one, thus they exhibit electron configurations of ( t2g) 6( eg) 1 and ( t2g) 1( eg) 0, respectively.
In bulk LNO, the two Ni 3d eg orbitals, called x2-y2 and 3z2-r2 because of their shapes, have the same energy. But in the superlattices prepared by the authors, the Ni cation within the LNO unit cell loses its mirror symmetry along the direction perpendicular to the interface (the [ 001] direction). As the authors have shown with density-functional-theory calculations, the lower symmetry of the Ni site in the superlattice breaks the degeneracy of the eg orbitals, causing the x2-y2 orbital to lie higher in energy than the 3z2-r2 orbital (Fig. 1, inset). Moreover, they predict that it is energetically favorable for the single electron on the Ti 3+ cation to move across the interface to the Ni 3+ cation, leading to Ti 4+ and Ni 2+ and a doubly occupied Ni 3z2-r2 orbital. This predicted charge transfer is born out by x-ray absorption spectroscopy that is sensitive to the Ti valence state. Charge transfer of this magnitude is expected to result in a substantial dipole field, which causes structural distortions at the LNO/LTO interface along the [ 001] direction—an effect the authors observed with surface-sensitive x-ray diffraction (Fig. 1).
With two electrons in the 3z2-r2-derived band of Ni 2+, the cation develops a significant orbital polarization, meaning the 3z2-r2 orbital is preferentially occupied over the x2-y2 orbital. To see this, the researchers performed x-ray absorption spectroscopy sensitive to the Ni valence states and compared the spectra obtained with the x-ray electric field parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the interface. Differences in the intensities of these two spectra allowed them to see a different occupancy of the Ni x2-y2 and 3z2-r2-derived bands, and to directly determine r, the ratio of the number of holes (missing electrons) in the two bands. In bulk LNO, in which there is complete degeneracy in the eg orbitals, r=1.0 , by definition. In the LNO/LTO/LAO superlattice, r=0.55, which is approximately half the bulk value.
Researchers have attempted to achieve this extent of orbital polarization using a supporting lattice for the LNO with slightly different lattice constants: the lattice mismatch stretches the material in the plane of the film, which breaks the degeneracy of the eg orbitals. However, impractically large epitaxial strains ( >10%) are required to achieve the necessary orbital polarization [2]. Another aspect of this work that sets it apart is the excellent agreement between theory and experiment: the measured dipole moment and the extent of orbital polarization resulting from the superlattice match well with the values predicted by DFT calculations.
Controlling material processes at the level of electrons was listed as one of five "grand challenges" for science in a 2007 report by the U.S. Department of Energy [3] If matter can be controlled at this level, where quantum phenomena rule, then new, highly efficient technologies ranging from artificial photosynthesis to quantum computation could be possible. Yet, many papers claiming to achieve this goal in oxide heterostructures reported effects that weren't clearly tied to the claimed structure of the material (i.e., the role of unintended defects could not be discounted). As Disa et al. have shown, careful characterization is essential to understand these very delicate cause-and-effect relationships between structure and material properties.
The authors predict that insulators other than LAO could be even more effective at changing the local structural environment of the Ni cations and, therefore, their orbital state. A logical next step would be to test this idea experimentally, although doing so will be difficult because some of the materials predicted to be useful would be rather difficult to deposit with molecular-beam epitaxy. A longer-term goal is to use this approach to engineer orbitals in other transition-metal oxides. Success with different materials would fill the "oxide tool box" with an array of tools for building new, highly functional materials and devices.
Ankit S. Disa, Divine P. Kumah, Andrei Malashevich, Hanghui Chen, Dario A. Arena, Eliot D. Specht, Sohrab Ismail-Beigi, F. J. Walker, and Charles H. Ahn, "Orbital Engineering in Symmetry-Breaking Polar Heterostructures," Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 026801 (2015)
M. Wu et al., "Strain and Composition Dependence of Orbital Polarization in Nickel Oxide Superlattices," Phys. Rev. B 88, 125124 (2013)
Directing Matter and Energy: Five Challenges for Science and the Imagination (A Report from the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee), http://science.energy.gov/bes/news-and-resources/reports/20.
Scott Chambers is a Laboratory Fellow and Technical Group Leader for the Epitaxial Oxides Group of the Physical Sciences Division at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. He holds A.B. and Ph.D. degrees in physical chemistry from the University of California at San Diego and Oregon State University, respectively. He has 35 years of research experience in surface science and the materials science of heteroepitaxial crystalline film nucleation and heterostructure formation. He is a Fellow of the AAAS and the AVS.
Orbital Engineering in Symmetry-Breaking Polar Heterostructures
Ankit S. Disa, Divine P. Kumah, Andrei Malashevich, Hanghui Chen, Dario A. Arena, Eliot D. Specht, Sohrab Ismail-Beigi, F. J. Walker, and Charles H. Ahn
Materials ScienceStrongly Correlated Materials
Viewpoint: Cooling with a Squeeze
A newly designed alloy exhibits a "colossal" elastocaloric effect—a temperature change under strain—making it a good candidate for an environmentally friendly type of cooling. Read More »
Viewpoint: Polarons Get the Full Treatment
A new way to model polarons combines the intuition of modeling with the realism of simulations, allowing these quasiparticles to be studied in a broader range of materials. Read More »
Synopsis: Nonlinear Forces Explain Elastomer Ridges
A new theory that incorporates nonlinear properties of rubber-like materials correctly describes the shape of the ridge that forms when the material is strongly deformed by an object. Read More »


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drf_braces.fields.custom module
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.. automodule:: drf_braces.fields.custom
    :members:
    :undoc-members:
    :show-inheritance:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Posted on Friday, May 30th, 2014 at 5:47 pm.
Posted on Saturday, May 19th, 2012 at 8:14 pm.
Some entrepreneurs are making a difference as well as differentiating. Three examples: real-time performance reviews by and for everyone, a way for paraplegics to wirelessly control electronic devices and a truly portable generator that uses solar power.


text:
This Tumblr Dedicated To Ugly Babies In Renaissance Paintings Is The Most Hilarious Thing You'll See All Day
These 'Daytona Dong' Sarong Jeado Swim Briefs Are All You Need This Summer!
36 Funny Relationship Comics That Perfectly Sum Up What Every Long-Term Relationship Is Like
Funny Pictures of Dogs Being Caught Red-Pawed
NYC Subway Riders Can't Help But Sing Along To 'I Want It That Way'
Essential Tricks That Could Be Lifesavers In The Event Of A Kidnapping
Parents Post Daughter's Heartbreaking Poem in Obituary After Heroin Overdose
Pet Care Practices You Should Observe
This Tiny Little Penguin Is Looking For His Human. When He Finds Him, He Does The Sweetest Thing
25 Cute Baby Elephants That Will Make You Smile
Family Dog Goes Missing, Eventually Returns Home With A Strange Note On His Collar
in Featured, History, People, User Submitted, Videos, Weird
The Infamous Story Of Patty Hearst And The Symbionese Liberation Army
by ViraScoop December 11, 2017, 5:00 pm 754 Views
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How Patty Hearst went from wealthy heiress to gun-toting, bank-robbing, radical militant of the Symbionese Liberation Army.
San Mateo County Sheriff's Office/Wikimedia Commons
Patty Hearst's booking photo following her arrest in San Francisco. September 19, 1975.
In 1974, a group of left-wing radicals calling themselves the "Symbionese Liberation Army" stormed into the Berkeley, California apartment of publishing heiress Patty Hearst and, after smashing a wine bottle across her fiancée's face, dragged her away into the night. Who these people were and what happened to their "victim" after they ran off with her, has since become the stuff of American legend.
In the space of just a few months, a wealthy white woman from a famous family was abducted, converted to revolutionary Maoism, started making videos denouncing her own father as a pig and then joined her comrades in a series of violent bank robberies.
Later, when a third of her fellow revolutionaries died in a shootout with police on live TV, the manhunt for Patty Hearst occupied daily media coverage and finally ended with "Comrade Tania," as she now called herself, being captured and charged for her crimes.
The Revolutionaries Of The Symbionese Liberation Army
F.B.I./Wikimedia Commons
An F.B.I. wanted poster provides information about several Symbionese Liberation Army members, including Patty Hearst.
In 1973, a small group of young, radical, self-proclaimed anti-fascists in California founded the Symbionese Liberation Army (the group had existed in a nascent form since 1971, according to some).
Most were former Berkeley students like Nancy Ling, who came from an upper-middle-class family in San Francisco and got an English degree in 1967. In 1973, she was working at an orange juice stand on the Berkeley campus.
Camilla Hall was a social worker from Minnesota who had quit her job and moved to Berkeley, where she lived off her family's trust fund and wrote radical poetry as well as created line drawings that she tried to sell on the street.
Another typical member of the group was Willie Wolfe, the son of an anesthesiologist from Connecticut who had graduated from a Massachusetts prep school in 1969 and went to Berkeley to study anthropology. While visiting prison inmates for a class, Wolfe, who had started calling himself Cujo, met a radical black bank robber named Donald DeFreeze, who would soon become the leader of the fledgling S.L.A.
Calling himself "General Marshall Cinque Mtume," DeFreeze escaped from Soledad State Prison on March 5, 1973 by just walking away from a work detail and entering his new friends' network of safe houses, where they sheltered him from police while he wrote various manifestos and designed the S.L.A.'s seven-headed cobra symbol.
Those manifestos and other assorted writings offered little in the way of a clear mission statement. "Death to the fascist insect that preys upon the life of the people," read one communique widely offered up as the group's motto. Otherwise, according to The New York Times, the group's "splintered rhetoric on cultural, racial and sexual oppression was nearly random."
Whatever the purported philosophy of the Symbionese Liberation Army, their actions under DeFreeze turned violent starting in 1973, when they killed Marcus Foster, Oakland's first black school superintendent, for his "fascist" support of making schoolchildren in the district carry ID cards.
In fact, Foster opposed the ID card plan, which the S.L.A. presumably didn't know when they shot him eight times with hollow-point .45-caliber bullets they had filled up with cyanide beforehand. That killing had other radicals in the area wondering what the S.L.A. was thinking.
By the end of 1973, with the Foster killing still in the papers, the S.L.A. decided to really grab some headlines by kidnapping Patty Hearst, famed heiress to the fortune of publishing magnate William Randolph Hearst, from her apartment.
1970sabductionAmerican historybank robbersComrade TaniaCrimeHistorymurderPatty HearstS.L.A.Stockholm syndromeSymbionese Liberation ArmyVideosWeirdWomen
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Передача списка Python через сокет Я передаю от сервера к клиенту Список
['c', 'e', 'd', 'a', 'b']

Передача сервером:
conn.send((str)(key).encode('utf-8'))

Принятие клиентом:
data2 = sock.recv(16384)
str2 = (data2.decode('utf-8'))

Дело в том что список приходит как "['c', 'e', 'd', 'a', 'b']"
Как убрать эти " "?

A: Вам на самом деле нужно передавать список, а не кавычки убрать.
Поэтому, не используйте костыли, и сериализуйте данные в json:
import json
...
key = ['c', 'e', 'd', 'a', 'b']
conn.send(json.dumps(key).encode('utf-8'))

и
import json
...
data2 = sock.recv(16384)
key = json.loads(data2, encoding='utf-8')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
February 9, 2019Book ReviewsComments: 0
Spin-off Saturdays: On the occasional Saturday, I will review a series/standalone that is a spin-off series. It is often recommended that you read the original series first in order to get the most out of the spin-off series. Here is this week's offering:
The Fix Up is a spin-off of the Hitched Series
This is a spinoff of the Hitched Series. Can be read as a Standalone.
Genre: Adult, Contemporary, Romance
Heat Rating: Toasty
Point of View: First Person, Alternating
Source & Format: Public Library–Audiobook (I also own an eBook)
My Expectations?
I really liked Sterling's character in Hitched. He was charming and funny; a nice compliment to Noah's character. So I really hoped he would get a book of his own in the future. We get a little inkling of what's to come with Sterling and Camryn at the end of Hitched so I was curious to know what their story would be.
How Does It Compare To The Original?
I found Hitched had a quirkiness to it that was slightly off-putting at times. It's also melodramatic at times with its soap-opera-esque plotline (and that's to be expected seeing as it was published as a 3 part serialized series).
But I found The Fix Up to be slightly more grounded in its approach. The focus is more on the characters fighting their feelings for each other than external obstacles in their way (though there are those as well). It has this slow burn vibe to it that I found Hitched was lacking given the premise and subsequent execution.
Anything I Didn't Like?
It has your classic "communication-assumption" moment that irked me because it was so obvious what was happening but other than that, I really enjoyed this.
My Audiobook Experience:
I really enjoyed the audio version. The male narrator for Sterling had a British accent like Sterling is supposed to have which is always great. His voice was perhaps deeper or more serious in tone than I anticipated but I warmed up to it as I listened.
A cute and quick read about fighting the undeniable connection between a matchmaker and their client.
Read if You Like: quick reads, contemporary romance, slow burn
Avoid if You: want erotica
Crushed by Lauren Layne (Redemption Series #2)
The Matchmaker's Playbook by Rachel Van Dyken (Wingmen Inc Series #1)
Synopsis for The Fix Up (from Goodreads):
My tempting, and very alpha friend Sterling Quinn is someone I consider off-limits.
It's not just that we're friends, he's also a cocky, confident, and British, which means he's a walking aphrodisiac.
But lately he's been giving me the look. You know the one. When he thinks I'm not paying attention, and his gaze lingers for too long.
And then we start working together, and that's when the sexual tension between us gets so thick, I want to hack through it with a machete. I want to make all these deep feelings I've harbored for him disappear, because there's no way this can end well.
The lines between business and pleasure become irrevocably blurred, and I'm stuck between a rock, and Sterling's very, very hard place.
Rather than keep a level head about our growing attraction, Sterling wants to go all in, showing me just how explosive we can be together.
But I've been around long enough to know that this British bad boy is more than my heart can handle. I'm not about to be cast aside like yesterday's underwear when he's done having fun.
Sterling's never been told no, and he's not about to put his ego aside and play by my rules. But I never thought he'd fight so dirty.
Disclaimer | Request a Review | Contact
Tags: adult, amazon freebie, audiobook, Author: Kendall Ryan, Conclusion: worth a read, Contemporary, First Person POV: Alternating, Heat: Toasty, in love with client, Rating: 4/5, readingchallenges2018, romance, Spin-off Series, standalone, tacklingtbr2018


Beautiful Mariana earrings, style E-1326/0. Round crystal with jewel encrusted leverbacks. Hand set with faceted, round cut Swarovski Crystals.
Earrings are .8 inches in height and .25 inches in width with leverbacks. Silver plated with .925 sterling silver over brass.


What to Do About Cockpit Display Obsolescence?
The obsolescence of cathode ray tube (CRT) aircraft cockpit displays is becoming a reality for all segments of aviation. Thousands of CRT displays are still flying in business jets, commercial airliners and military aircraft. However, support for the parts and components needed to repair and maintain them will soon end. Upgrading to liquid crystal displays (LCDs) provides advantages for flight-operational performance and maintenance support. As airlines look for cost-effective upgrades for mid-life legacy fleets, many maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) shops are providing LCD-upgrade paths.


text:
Q: How to GPU accelerate CSS transform? I know that sometimes browsers will GPU accelerate a CSS transform. But when does that happen, and is there a way to force GPU acceleration for a smooth animation?
this article

A: Most modern browsers support GPU acceleration, but they only use it when they think a DOM element will benefit from it. The strongest indication is that a 3D transformation is being applied. So use the 3D-equivalent transform. For example, instead of transform: translateX(50px), use transform: translate3d(50px, 0, 0). See this article for more information.

A: You can use the css "will-change" property:
will-change: transform;

Some css properties which are GPU accelerated (not always):

*

*filter

*opacity

*transform


text:
Welcome to our new Tech Talk contributor Monica Taher
December 15, 2015 /0 Comments/in LIBizus coaches /by Monica Taher
Monica Taher, Partner at Getty Images Latin America, Founder and CEO of ClipYap
Welcome our new Tech Talk and Money Talk contributor! Mónica Taher is a serial tech entrepreneur and an Accelerate with Google Academy alumnae. She is a Partner at Getty Images Latin America (GILA) and the CEO & Founder of ClipYap, a soon-to-be launched app.
Mónica is also an active member of the American Jewish Committee (AJC) Latin American Task Force and is the LA City Director for Lesbians Who Tech. She holds a Master's degree in Cinema & Media Studies from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and has recently authored the forthcoming memoir My Life on Hold.
Her mission is to help eradicate the gender gap in the tech entrepreneurship world. She is proficient in English, Spanish and Portuguese. You can follow her blog: www.monicataher.com and her Twitter @monicataher.
To know more about Monica's story, please see Monica Taher when crisis sets the path to financial freedom
http://edition.cnn.com/videos/spanish/2015/11/06/cnnee-din-intvw-monica-taher-instagram-new-advertising-campaign.cnn Monica Taher en CNN (Click on the picture to see the video)
About Monica Taher
Mónica Taher is a serial tech entrepreneur and an Accelerate with Google Academy alumnae. She is a Partner at Getty Images Latin America (GILA) and the CEO & Founder of ClipYap, a soon-to-be launched app. Mónica is also an active member of the American Jewish Committee (AJC) Latin American Task Force and is the LA City Director for Lesbians Who Tech.
A Latina innovator on becoming a successful Tech entrepreneur - October 7, 2016
8 Steps to launching a tech startup - June 7, 2016
New Year's resolution: How technology helps you lose weight - January 7, 2016
Welcome to our new Tech Talk contributor Monica Taher - December 15, 2015
Tags: Accelerate with Google Academy, American Jewish Committee, ClipYap, Getty Images Latin America, Lesbians in Tech, Monica Taher, tech entrepreneur
https://i1.wp.com/latinasinbusiness.us/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Monica-Taher-7-Portrait.jpg?fit=357%2C300&ssl=1 300 357 Monica Taher https://latinasinbusiness.us/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Logo-black-LatinasinBusiness.us_-675x205.png Monica Taher2015-12-15 05:01:292018-03-01 11:44:03Welcome to our new Tech Talk contributor Monica Taher
New Year's resolution: How technology helps you lose weight
A Latina innovator on becoming a successful Tech entrepreneur
5 Most read articles on LatinasInBusiness.us
10 Ways to thrive in a male dominated career field LISTA Ugly Christmas Sweater Party: You're invited!


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Trump's climate rollbacks could lead to 200 million metric tons of extra emissions each year
Tracking the impacts of the U.S. administration's decision to stop emissions cuts shows that they will result in a damaged climate and thousands of unnecessary premature deaths.
[Photo: Aditya Joshi/Unsplash]
By Adele Peters 2 minute Read
Since the Trump administration took office, it has rolled back key Obama-era policies that were designed to cut pollution at coal plants, improve gas mileage, and cut methane emissions at oil and gas operations and landfills. It even reopened a loophole that allowed new heavy-duty trucks to use older, more polluting engines.
A new report adds up the total impact of the changes: By 2025, the U.S. could emit more than 200 million metric tons of extra greenhouse gas emissions every year. Dismantling the rules could also lead to millions of additional asthma attacks, tens of thousands of premature deaths, and means that the economy will forgo hundreds of billions of dollars of benefits, including the health costs that would have been saved if the rules had stayed in place.
"Particularly in the last several months, the administration has been targeting the largest sources of climate change-causing greenhouse gases in our economy and has essentially been turning the dial backwards on them," says David Hayes, executive director of the State Energy & Environmental Impact Center at the New York University School of Law, a nonpartisan center that works with the state attorneys general that are challenging the rollbacks. The four sectors affected by the rules–the power sector, transportation, oil and gas, and the waste industry–are responsible for nearly half of U.S. emissions.
Dismantling each policy has major impacts. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) itself calculated that the proposal to replace the Obama-era Clean Power Plan could lead to 120,000 additional asthma attacks, 140,000 missed school days, 48,000 lost work days, and 1,630 premature deaths by 2030. Without the original Clean Car Standards, drivers may end up spending as much as $236 billion in extra fuel costs by 2035, and the economy will incur an extra $18 billion in health and climate costs. Eliminating rules for methane leaks at new and existing oil and gas operations could contribute to 1.1 million asthma attacks by 2030 and another 1,900 premature deaths.
As the administration has rolled back the rules–first by delaying implementation and enforcement, and then by proposing weaker replacements–state attorneys general have filed dozens of lawsuits challenging the decisions. States that have been moving aggressively to tackle climate change are held back by the changes; even in states that are trying to increase renewable energy, for example, coal plants could be in place longer than they otherwise would have been. "The impact of these reversals is that industry will be polluting more and longer," says Hayes.
States will continue to sue as the administration's proposed rules become final. Under the Clean Air Act, the government is legally required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and it's also something that has popular support. More Americans than ever before now say that they are "very worried" about climate change. "At a time when we are appreciating the seriousness of climate change and most Americans want to tackle it and reduce emissions where we can, the administration is going in the opposite direction," Hayes says.
Correction: This story has been updated to reflect that the total extra potential emissions are 200 metric tons.
Adele Peters is a staff writer at Fast Company who focuses on solutions to some of the world's largest problems, from climate change to homelessness. Previously, she worked with GOOD, BioLite, and the Sustainable Products and Solutions program at UC Berkeley, and contributed to the second edition of the bestselling book "Worldchanging: A User's Guide for the 21st Century."


You can constantly consult with the casino support, it is your full right. And their duty is to answer your questions. You can ask anything related to online gambling, including the rules, amounts of cash payments, etc. Even after you've read the casino's terms and conditions, there may still be different misunderstanding. So do not be shy to talk them through with the support representatives, and do not rush to deposit real money before you feel that you understand everything.
Feel free to address the support services not only with the issues and problems, but also regarding special prizes, bonuses and so on. You can ask them what gift you can expect if you deposit a certain amount of real money to the casino account. Remember, that top modern online casinos offer not only the 1st deposit bonus, but the 2nd deposit bonus, 3rd deposit bonus and maybe even more! All the major online casinos tend to give the most beneficial bonuses, but the smaller ones tend to give pretty generous gifts too.
– The default settings on the online slots should be changed to the ones you prefer. Pay attention to the bet size, auto play settings, etc.
– In online Roulette the newbies are often lucky. But the main "pitfall" of the Roulette (just like in case with blackjack) is that they are not recommended for fulfilling the casinos' wagering requirements, since it may take way too much time.


text:
Well, O.K. then. Get reading.
I guess it's official. Brandi's Bad Girls' Book Club starts now.
Here's how it will work--I'll post a book. We'll all read the book. A month later we'll discuss the book. Probably the easiest way to discuss it would be on my BlogFrog community. It's already set up and a lot of you are already members.
So, the first book I'm choosing is The Rapture of Canaan by Sheri Reynolds.
A couple of reviews:
Amazon.com Review
Oprah Book Club® Selection, April 1997: Members of the Church of Fire and Brimstone and God's Almighty Baptizing Wind spend their days and nights serving the Lord and waiting for the Rapture--that moment just before the Second Coming of Christ when the saved will be lifted bodily to heaven and the damned will be left behind to face the thousand years of tribulation on earth. The tribulation, according to Grandpa Herman, founder of Fire and Brimstone, will be an ugly time: "He said that we'd run out of food. That big bugs would chase us around and sting us with their tails . . . He said we'd turn on the faucet in the bathroom and find only blood running out . . . He said evil multitudes would come unto us and cut off our limbs, and that we wouldn't die . . . And then he'd say, 'But you don't have to be left behind. You can go straight to Heaven with all of God's special children if you'll only open your hearts to Jesus . . .'"
Such talk of damnation weighs heavy on the mind of Ninah Huff, the 15-year-old narrator of Sheri Reynolds's second novel, The Rapture of Canaan. To distract her from sinful thoughts about her prayer partner James, Ninah puts pecan shells in her shoes and nettles in her bed. But concentrating on the Passion of Jesus cannot, in the end, deter Ninah and James from their passion for each other, and the consequences prove both tragic and transforming for the entire community.
The Rapture of Canaan is a book about miracles, and in writing it, Reynolds has performed something of a miracle herself. Although the church's beliefs and practices may seem extreme (sleeping in an open grave, mortifying the flesh with barbed wire), its members are complex and profoundly sympathetic as they wrestle with the contradictions of Fire and Brimstone's theology, the temptations of the outside world, and the frailties of the human heart.
From Publishers Weekly
In this gritty portrait of a young girl who battles repression in a rural Southern religious community, Reynolds (Bitterroot Landing) once again showcases a compelling narrative voice that's simultaneously harsh and lyrical. The narrator is Ninah Huff, granddaughter of Herman Langston, the founder of a Pentecostal sect in rural South Carolina. Herman is a strict disciplinarian, to say the least: he forces one congregant found guilty of drinking to sleep in an open grave. Because of the Pentecostal group's rigid attitudes, Ninah and her peers are frequently scorned and mocked at school. But her real problems start when she becomes pregnant by her prayer partner. Ninah's subsequent rebellion and the tragic aftermath of her tryst threaten to tear the community apart, particularly when the despotic Herman interprets an ordinary, curable birth defect in her infant son, Canaan, as a sign that she has given birth to the new messiah. While many of the issues Reynolds deals with are coming-of-age staples-teen rebellion; the standoff between adolescent expression and religious repression; the morality of the individual vs. the morality of the group-her gift for characterization ultimately transcends the material as Ninah's strength and resilience enable her to move beyond benighted religiosity toward a true and lasting faith. Literary Guild featured alternate selection.
Copyright 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc.
It's one of my personal favorites, and really it's not inappropriate. There's sex, but it's implied, not described in detail. They even call it fornicating. I don't even think there's any bad language in the book. Maybe damn.
O.K., get reading. I'll see you right here on August 15th.
It Happened.
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Things I love.


text:
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Guyana Times
Home Sports GoG/GFF sign MoU to construct second football complex
GoG/GFF sign MoU to construct second football complex
– community to have 24hr access to mini pitches
History was created on Friday when the Guyana Football Federation (GFF) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Government of Guyana for the 30-year lease of 7.3 acres of land to construct a football facility at D'Urban Park, Georgetown.
This facility, which will be known as the 'GFF D'Urban Park Football Complex' is expected to accommodate an international quality full-size pitch, two mini-pitches and a new headquarters for the Federation.
The signing was done in the press room of the Office of the President by GFF
Post signing of the MoU. From left: GFF President Wayne Forde and Minister of State Joseph Harmon sign the MoU to officiate the handover
President Wayne Forde, and Minister of State Joseph Harmon, on behalf of the Government of Guyana (GoG).
Forde in brief remarks following the signing thanked the Government of Guyana and other football stakeholders, noting the significance of the moment: "Today marks a huge milestone for football in Guyana and a defining moment for the future of every young boy and girl who dreams of playing the game at the highest level. The importance of high-quality football pitches is inextricably linked to the quality of players we develop and the quality of our national teams. Without the right infrastructure, we cannot develop football. It's as simple as that. We cannot improve standards; we cannot compete at the highest level of the sport."
In stating that this is the "second major, groundbreaking and game-changing infrastructural project for football" in Guyana following the construction of the GFF's National Training Centre at Providence, Forde said this facility will further the Executive Committee's ongoing efforts to completely transform football in Guyana: "This project will help the GFF to increase participation in football, spot talent in its infancy stage, increase the player population, raise the quality of our football programmes, improve the image of the sport, enhance community cohesion and improve the health and well-being of our communities. It is one more giant step in the ongoing efforts of my Executive Committee to use our time in
President Wayne Forde and Director of Sport Christopher Jones turn the sod at the proposed site of the GFF D'Urban Park Football Complex
office to lay a solid and lasting foundation for the sustainable development of football. This is a giant leap in our quest to qualify for the 2026 FIFA World Cup." Harmon said this project is significant, as "the people of Guyana will have access to high-quality public infrastructure, which would allow for them to develop their talent as sportsmen and women." In providing some perspective of the history of the agreement, Harmon said it was a mutual one between FIFA and the GoG: "When the President of FIFA visited Guyana he met with the President of Guyana, President David Granger, and the President of FIFA made a commitment to help Guyana achieve certain goals in so far as his organisation is concerned. Our President also committed to ensure what can be done at the level of the Government, that we will do so. This collaboration between the Government of Guyana and the Guyana Football Federation is testimony of that commitment which the two presidents made."
The Minister emphasised that initiatives such as these are "important steps in our development" and public access to the facility is an important part of the agreement for both physical health and development of skills: "This activity of declaring the area for sport not only benefits the Guyana Football Federation but, in our negotiation, we insisted that the public must have access to these facilities, which I have asked the GFF to maintain. That is their corporate social responsibility to the citizens of that community particularly the young men of Lodge, West Ruimveldt, East Ruimveldt and communities that do not have real and proper playing facilities; that we will be able to maintain two public spaces where they can arrange games for their own use."
This signing will pave the way for the commencement of construction, which is scheduled to be completed by 2021. The mini pitches are expected to be available to the community on a 24-hour basis.
Following the signing, sod-turning was done at the proposed site at D'Urban Park by GFF President Forde and Director of Sport Christopher Jones against an unveiling of a billboard on the site, Forde also presented an official FIFA match ball to Minister Harmon.
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GTIMES
CPL's economic impact on Guyana sees 15% increase
Couchman, Raghunauth, Shariff bag top spots
27th Ricks & Sari 11-race programme on Saturday
GECOM making over 91,000 changes to RLE outside statutory period January 22, 2020
Shuman, Bandhu, Leung thrown off candidate lists by GECOM January 22, 2020
Major fraud unearthed at CH&PA January 22, 2020
Jet skiing trip turns deadly January 22, 2020
Undermining… January 22, 2020
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WASHINGTON — Trauma surgeons at MedStar Washington Hospital Center didn't know the name of the young man wheeled into the trauma center, unconscious and bleeding from his face and head after being hit by a car. Nor did they know he lacked insurance.
But as they worked to save his life, doctors and nurses at the capital's largest hospital ran a dizzying battery of lab tests and high-tech scans. Surgeons operated repeatedly, at one point removing a portion of his skull to relieve pressure on the brain.
As happens daily in emergency rooms nationwide, the uninsured patient received medical care guaranteed by a generation-old federal mandate that requires hospitals to care for all in need, regardless of ability to pay.
For 26 years, the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act, or EMTALA, has been a bedrock principle of American healthcare — passed by a bipartisan Congress, signed by a Republican president and largely unchallenged since by hospitals and doctors.
"Whether people know it or not, whether people appreciate it or not, access to emergency care became a right in this country in 1986," said Dr. Wesley Fields, an emergency room physician in Orange County. "But the law that did that never addressed the big question of whose responsibility it was to deal with the cost."
That unresolved question — who pays? — helped shape President Obama's 2010 healthcare law and its requirement that Americans get health insurance. For years, it even convinced many Republicans, including former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, to champion an insurance mandate. But today, the insurance mandate is the central target of GOP opposition to the law.
Within days, the Supreme Court will rule on whether the new law is constitutional. If the law is upheld, millions of newly insured patients will have many of their hospital bills covered by insurance. But if the law, or just the insurance mandate, is struck down, those bills will be passed on to taxpayers, hospitals and privately insured patients, as they have been for the last quarter century.
The drive for a hospital mandate emerged in the 1980s out of outrage over stories like Sharon Ford's.
Ford, who lived in a working-class suburb of Oakland, gave birth to a stillborn baby in 1985 after being turned away from two private hospitals that erroneously believed she lacked insurance. At one, she was refused admission even after a fetal monitor picked up signs that her baby's heart was beating irregularly. By the time she made it to a public hospital, which scrambled to do an emergency caesarean section, the baby had died.
Ford's case was not an isolated one. In Dallas, an 18-year-old man died from a severe infection after a local emergency room wouldn't perform basic medical tests before sending him to the public hospital. In Chicago, one private hospital reportedly placed yellow stickers on the charts of patients without private insurance to avoid admitting them.
"We were seeing outrageous behavior on a daily basis," said Dr. Steffie Woolhandler, a professor of public health at the City University of New York who helped document what was called "patient dumping."
State leaders were the first to require hospitals to provide emergency care to all in need. But by the mid-1980s, pressure was mounting for a national solution.
Democrats who advocated universal healthcare, including the late Sen. Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts and Rep. Pete Stark of Fremont, eagerly embraced a federal mandate on hospitals.
But the idea drew support from leading Republicans as well.
"We cannot stand idly by and watch those Americans who lack the resources be shunted away from immediate and appropriate emergency care," Sen. Dave Durenberger (R-Minn.), the lead Senate sponsor of the mandate legislation, said at the time.
Sen. Robert Dole of Kansas, the majority leader and future GOP presidential nominee, said hospitals had an obligation to provide care. "We should expect nothing less," he said.
The emergency treatment act, which threatens hospitals with the loss of federal Medicare funding, was ultimately included in a massive budget compromise signed by President Reagan in 1986.
Over the years, hospitals and federal regulators in Democratic and Republican administrations would tangle over how much care hospitals had to provide. But there would never be a serious challenge to the act's legality or a move to repeal it.
The law requires emergency rooms to evaluate patients and stabilize those in need of urgent care. It does not compel hospitals to admit everyone for ongoing treatment.
There is broad agreement that the law put an end to the worst abuses. "It changed the way many institutions operated," said Elvia Foulke, a former hospital executive at Citrus Valley Medical Center, a safety net hospital east of Los Angeles.
At MedStar Washington Hospital Center, a sprawling medical campus three miles from the U.S. Capitol, the emergency department sees its daily share of uninsured patients seeking care for everything from heart attacks to insect bites. Last month, more than 400 of 8,400 patients lacked coverage, according to hospital figures. Nationwide, the uninsured account for nearly a fifth of emergency department visits.
In nearly every case at MedStar, doctors and nurses never know who pays the bills. "It doesn't enter the equation," said the hospital's emergency chief, Dr. Bill Frohna.
But the bills come due. And although emergency care accounts for a small fraction of total healthcare spending, many hospitals are feeling increasingly strained by the free care they provide.
Last year, MedStar Washington reported delivering $107.2 million in care for which it was not reimbursed. Nationwide, the total amount of uncompensated care provided to the uninsured reached an estimated $56 billion in 2008, according to one study.
Those costs have prompted financially strapped hospitals to rely on a complex system of shifting costs. Most of the burden falls on taxpayers, with the government providing tens of billions of dollars annually to help hospitals care for the uninsured. Privately insured Americans also pay a price as insurers raise premiums to reflect higher charges from hospitals.
In the past, the cost shifting was cited by many conservatives as a reason why the federal government should require Americans to have health insurance.
"If a man is struck down by a heart attack in the street, Americans will care for him whether or not he has insurance," the Heritage Foundation's Stuart Butler said in 1989. "We will not deny him services — even if that means more prudent citizens end up paying the tab."
Butler, like many Republicans, has since renounced the insurance mandate.


text:
Q: Active Directory Multisite Planning Here are the details of my plan:
Three Site office in three different states.
All running pfsense IPsec VPN.
1 site with Windows Server 2003 R2 DC and other 2 with windows server 2008 R2 DC.
All 3 domain controllers are its self DNS servers.
The image explains my scenario little bit. I want to get your feedback about it? I need to plan it so that multiple sites get replicated and if one of the DC gets down or VPN service crashes, the other sites DC serve the user request.
http://www.freeimagehosting.net/by5vk
Here is what i think.
demote all the DCs.
Create a single forest and 3 different domains.
Configure Active directory sites and services using VPN.
Allow DS to communicate from the firewall on both IPSec and WAN interface.

A: You do not want three seperate domains - that won't meet your requirement. The setup as it stands now (one domain, 3 DCs) will meet your requirements. Ensure the DCs can replicate through the VPN tunnels and that the site/subnet topology is configured to match.


text:
Post-Covid World
Electronics strength to fuel Asean exports in post-Covid trade
A chip from Huawei subsidiary HiSilicon on display earlier this year. New research shows the Chinese firm closing the gap with US suppliers. Photo: ImagineChina. Sketched by the Pan Pacific Agency.
SINGAPORE, Jun 19, 2020, BT. Vietnam, Singapore and Malaysia will likely notch strong export growth after the coronavirus crisis is over, according to a new report on the trade outlook for Asia, The Business Times reported.
That's as coronavirus-driven demand could shelter some South-east Asian manufacturers from the brunt of pandemic-related supply-chain disruptions.
Compared with the rest of the regional bloc, Joseph Incalcaterra, HSBC's chief economist for Asean, singled out these three economies as "quite exposed to tech or pharmaceutical supply chains… which offsets a weaker export outlook in other areas".
His report noted that South-east Asia is embedded in the global electronics supply chain in particular. That's even as the Philippines, Malaysia and Vietnam import wafers and circuits from higher-value-add upstream producers and are involved more in testing and assembly.
Mr Incalcaterra cited the region's role in meeting demand for hard disk drives in servers, as well as processor and controller chips for laptops and computers.
While the electronics cycle may slow again in the second half, "the trends driving the outlook are nonetheless structural", he added. For instance, the consumer shift to higher-end 5G-ready smartphones "is likely a question of when, not if, and supports the strong medium-term outlook for the sector".
Besides Singapore's reputation as a high-end memory chip production base in Asia, other bright spots include a pick-up in investments in Malaysian electronics on the back of tech-related tensions between the United States and China, he wrote.
Mr Incalcaterra added that "Vietnam remains an unparalleled success story" for both its labour-intensive electronics assembly and more recent expansion into upstream activities such as chip foundries.
"The latest export prints, coupled with equity market earnings, are starting to reveal clues about the winners and losers that may emerge in a post-Covid-19 world," he said. "For Asia, the clear 'winner' has been the tech sector."
Tags: ASEAN, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam


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Een gitarron (of guitarrón) is een Mexicaanse akoestische basgitaar. Een gitarron heeft ongeveer de mensuur van een Spaanse gitaar maar is veel dikker. De achterzijde is niet vlak zoals bij de meeste gitaren, maar gewelfd. Het diepste punt is ongeveer 10 centimeter dieper dan de zijkant.
De drie hoogste snaren zijn van dik nylon, de drie laagste zijn omwonden met metaal. De gitarron heeft doorgaans geen fretten; hij is fretloos. De snaren worden aangeslagen (vaak met twee tegelijk) met de vingers van de rechterhand.
De gitarron wordt vooral gebruikt in mariachi-orkesten.

Gitaar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Section 237 Deportability Statutes: Failure to register and falsification of documents
Failure to register and falsification of documents
A. Change of Address
B. Failure to register or falsification of documents
i. Conviction for Failure to Register
ii. Conviction for Failure to Register as a Foreign Agent
iii. Conviction for Fraud or Misuse of Visas
C. Document fraud
Limited Waiver of Document Fraud Deportability
D. Falsely claiming citizenship
Section 237 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), titled "deportable aliens," contains provisions for the removal of aliens from within the United States. Section 237 also includes limited provisions for waivers of inadmissibility.
In this section, we will review the deportability provisions found in section 237(a)(3) of the INA, which is titled "Failure to register and falsification of documents." This article is one part of a series on the deportability provisions of the INA. Please see the contents below for other entries in the series, including the most commonly used deportability provisions found in sections 237(a)(1) and (a)(2):
Inadmissible at the Time of Entry or Adjustment of Status or Violates Status [see article]
General Crimes [see article]
Security and Related Grounds [see article]
Public Charge [see article]
Unlawful Voters [see article]
The provisions of this article apply to any alien who is "in and admitted to the United States." It does not, however, cover alien crewmen.
Section 237(a)(3) of the INA contains deportability provisions under the rubric "failure to register and falsification of documents." The section 237(a)(3) deportability provisions are broadly organized into four categories lettered (A) through (D). We will provide an overview of each category in the following subsections.
Section 237(a)(3)(A) of the INA.
Under section 237(a)(3)(A), an alien who fails to comply with section 265 of the INA is deportable unless he or she establishes to the satisfaction of the Attorney General (under current law, the Secretary of Homeland Security) that this failure was "reasonably excusable or was not willful." Because section 237(a)(3)(A) incorporates section 265 by reference, we must understand the language of section 265 of the INA.
The main provision of section 265 is found in section 265(a) of the INA. Section 265(a) reads as follows: "Each alien required to be registered under this subchapter who is within the United States shall notify the Attorney General in writing of each change of address and new address within ten days from the date of such change and furnish with such notice such additional information as the Attorney General may require by legislation." The Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) noted that the registration requirement is broadly applicable: "Virtually every alien in the United States is under an affirmative obligation to report address changes to the Attorney General, regardless of immigration status or circumstances." Matter of G-Y-R-, 23 I&N Dec. 181, 190 (BIA 2001) [PDF version]. The Board noted that there is a limited general exception found in section 221(b): "The only aliens who are usually exempt from registration are nonimmigrant representatives of foreign countries and the staff of international organizations." Id.
Section 265 of the INA contains two other parts. First, under section 265(b), the Attorney General, now the Secretary of Homeland Security under current law, may, with ten days of notice, "require the natives of any one or more foreign states, or any class or group thereof, who are within the United States and who are required to be registered under this subchapter, to notify the Attorney General of their current addresses and furnish such additional information as the Attorney General may require." Although section 265(b) is not relevant in the vast majority of cases, an alien should always be aware if he or she is subject to special registration requirements. One example of such a program that is no longer in effect is the now-defunct NSEERS program that was administered during parts of the George W. Bush and Barack Obama administrations [see opinion blog].
Finally, section 265(c) of the INA states that where the parent or legal guardian of an alien is required to apply for registration, "the notice required by this section shall be given to such parent or legal guardian."
It is important for aliens to comply with all applicable registration requirements, including notifying the DHS of changes of address. In addition to the deportability provision in section 237(a)(3)(A), an alien who willfully fails to register or who fails to notify of change of address may be subject to criminal penalties under section 266 of the INA.
However, it is worth noting that section 237(a)(3)(A), and the previous version of the statute found in the former section 241(a)(5), are not often used. The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) Operating Instructions (OI) explains at section 265.1 that "[f]ailure by an alien to comply with the reporting requirements of section 265 of the [INA], regarding notification of address and change of address, shall not normally serve as the sole basis for initiating prosecution or deportation proceedings" [PDF version]. Furthermore, under 8 C.F.R. 1003.19(g), the DHS rather than the alien is responsible for advising an immigration court of a respondent's change in custody location or release from custody. Immigration Act of 1990 Today explained that these prosecution or deportation provisions for failing to report have usually been used, when at all, against those who were believed to be politically subversive, those who were believed to be associated with organized crime activity, and those who failed to register under the requirements of NSEERS.1
In rare cases where section 237(a)(3)(A) is used, there is a limited exception for an alien who can satisfactorily prove that his or her failure to register in accordance with section 265 was "reasonably excusable or was not willful." The Board addressed the meaning of these terms in its 1954 precedent decision, Matter of B-, 5 I&N Dec. 692 (BIA 1954) (analyzing identical language in former section 241(a)(5)). Noting that the statute lists "reasonably excusable" and "not willful" in the disjunctive, the Board assessed the terms separately. First, the Board defined "willful": "Generally, it (willful) means no more than that the person charged with the duty knows what he is doing." 5 I&N Dec. at 693-94 (quoting from Townsend v. United States, 95 F.2d 352, 358 (C.A.D. of C., 1938)). The Board defined "reasonably excusable" as meaning "an act or omission which is moderately or sufficiently justifiable." 5 I&N Dec. at 694. The Board explained that an alien must establish "the existence of the exculpatory evidence … by credible evidence sufficiently persuasive to satisfy the Attorney General…" Id. Please see our full article on Matter of B- to learn more [see article].
Finally, failure to register (as defined by section 243(a)(3)(A)) cannot serve as the basis of an in absentia removal order. Matter of G-Y-R-, 23 I&N Dec. at 190.
Section 237(a)(3)(B) of the INA.
Section 237(a)(3)(B) contains three separate clauses outlining three situations which result in deportability. Unlike section 237(a)(3)(A), the clauses all require that the alien have been convicted for violating specific criminal statutes in order to be removable. Absent a specific criminal conviction, an alien would not be removable under section 237(a)(3)(B). However, even absent a conviction the conduct that could lead to the convictions specified in section 237(a)(3)(B)(i)-(iii) could make an alien vulnerable to removal on other grounds.
First, section 237(a)(3)(B)(i) of the INA renders deportable an alien convicted under section 266(c) of the INA or section 36(c) of the Alien Registration Act of 1940. In order to understand this provision, we must first look to the text of section 266(c):
Any alien or any parent or legal guardian of any alien, who files an application for registration containing statements known by him to be false, or who procures or attempts to procure registration of himself or another person through fraud, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not to exceed $1,000, or be imprisoned not more than six months, or both; and any alien so convicted shall, upon the warrant of the Attorney General, be taken into custody and be removed in the manner provided in part IV of this subchapter.
The documents constituting an application for registration are found in 8 C.F.R. 264.1. You may read the version current as of January 29, 2018, here: [PDF version]. Essentially, section 266 of the INA criminalizes procuring or attempting to procure registration (as defined in 8 C.F.R. 264.1) for oneself or another through fraud. In addition to the stipulated fine and potential imprisonment, an alien thus convicted would be subject to removal from the United States. Like section 237(a)(3)(A), section 237(a)(3)(B)(i) is not a particularly common deportability ground. However, it is important to note that it is one of many INA provisions targeted at fraud, including the seemingly ubiquitous section 212(a)(2)(C)(i) (inadmissibility for fraud or willful misrepresentation of a material fact to procure any benefit(s) under the immigration laws), which do not require criminal convictions to trigger removability.
Second, section 237(a)(3)(B)(ii) of the INA renders deportable an alien who has at any time been convicted "of a violation of, or an attempt or a conspiracy to violate, any provision of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.). For your convenience, we have uploaded a Department of Justice (DOJ) guide on the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA), which includes the text of 22 U.S.C. 611 [PDF version]. Failure to register as a foreign agent is unlikely to be a pertinent issue for the vast majority of immigrants and nonimmigrants in the United States. However, any alien who may be working for or on behalf of a foreign government should always ensure that he or she complies with the strict registration requirements in FARA, which have both criminal and civil (immigration removal) applications and repercussions.
It is also worth noting that a conviction under FARA is required to trigger section 237(a)(3)(B)(ii). The Board noted this in distinguishing the identically worded former section 241(a)(3)(B)(ii) from former 241(a)(4)(A)(i) (current version: 237(a)(4)(A)(i)) which did not require a conviction. Matter of Luis, 22 I&N Dec. 747, 756-57 (BIA 1999) [PDF version].
Third, section 237(a)(3)(B)(iii) of the INA renders deportable any alien who is convicted "of a violation of, or an attempt or a conspiracy to violate, [18 U.S.C. 1546] (relating to fraud and misuse of visas, permits, and other statutory documents)." You may read the text of current 18 U.S.C. 1546 here: [PDF version].
Although 18 U.S.C. 1546 refers to "[f]raud and misuse of visas, permits, and other documents," it is important to remember that it is a criminal statute rather than a civil immigration statute. That means that an individual charged under 18 U.S.C. 1546 would be subject to proceedings in criminal court rather than in immigration court. However, conduct that would expose an alien to prosecution under 18 U.S.C. 1546 may, in many cases, also fall under separate civil immigration laws.
In general, 18 U.S.C. 1546 refers to various forms of forgery, counterfeiting, or altering of immigration documents. It also covers those who impersonate others by using immigration documents. It is one of multiple statutes under which an alien can be removed or found to be inadmissible for immigration fraud. In Matter of Tima, 26 I&N Dec. 839, 844 (BIA 2016) [PDF version] [see article], the Board noted that the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held in Taggar v. Holder, 736 F.3d 886, 890-91 (9th Cir. 2013) [PDF version] that section 237(a)(1)(H) cannot be used to waive charges of removability under section 237(a)(3)(B)(iii). In Matter of Jimenez, 21 I&N Dec. 567, 570 (BIA 1996) [PDF version], the Board held that former section 212(c) [see article] could not be used to waive deportability under the identically worded former section 241(a)(3)(B)(iii).
Section 237(a)(3)(C) of the INA.
Section 237(a)(3)(C)(i) of the INA renders deportable an alien "who is subject to a final order for violation of section 274(c) of the INA. For your convenience, you may read the text of section 274C here: [PDF version].
Section 274C includes various provisions making it unlawful to forge or to counterfeit or to use forged or counterfeited documents to procure immigration benefits or to help others procure immigration benefits. An alien is removable under section 237(a)(3)(C)(i) if he or she is found by a final administrative order to have violated section 274C. As is always the case, an alien should never use, produce, or accept false immigration documents or assist another in doing so. If an alien is administratively charged with violating section 274C, it is essential to consult with an experienced immigration attorney immediately. Certain 274C cases may also fall under the regular inadmissibility provision for fraud or willful misrepresentation of a material fact to procure any benefit under the INA.
Interestingly, section 237(a)(3)(C)(ii) provides for a limited waiver of deportability under section 237(a)(3)(C)(i). This is notable in that section 237(a)(3)(C)(i) is the only ground of deportability that may be waived in section 237(a)(3)(C). The Secretary of Homeland Security may waive section 237(a)(3)(C)(i) deportability in the following circumstance:
The alien is admitted for lawful permanent residence;
No previous civil money penalty was imposed against the alien under section 274C; and
The offense was incurred solely to assist, aid, or support the alien's spouse or child (and no other individual).
Accordingly, the section 237(a)(3)(C)(ii) waiver provision is extremely limited. It only applies to lawful permanent residents who had not previously been found to have violated section 274C and whose violation was committed solely on behalf of their spouse or child. Even if an individual meets the minimum statutory requirements for the waiver, it is important to remember that the waiver is discretionary. Furthermore, the waiver provision states explicitly that "[n]o court shall have jurisdiction to review a decision … to grant or deny a waiver under this clause."
Section 237(a)(3)(D) of the INA.
Under section 237(a)(3)(D)(i), "[a]ny alien who falsely represents, or has falsely represented, himself to be a citizen of the United States for any purpose or benefit under [the INA] (including section 274A…) or any Federal or State law is deportable." In short, this renders deportable an alien who falsely represents him or herself as a U.S. citizen, including for the purpose of procuring employment (see section 274A). There is a limited exception from deportability for falsely claiming citizenship found in section 237(a)(3)(D)(ii). In order to qualify for the exception, the alien must satisfy all of the following requirements:
Each natural parent (or adoptive parent) must be or have been a U.S. citizen (by either birth or naturalization);
The alien must have permanently resided into the United States prior to turning 16 years old; and
The alien must have reasonably believed at the time that he or she represented him or herself to be a U.S. citizen that he or she was a U.S. citizen.
Section 237(a)(3)(D) is identically worded to the parallel inadmissibility provision found in section 212(a)(6)(C)(ii) of the INA. We discuss inadmissibility and deportability for false claims to U.S. citizenship in detail in a full series of articles. Please see our article index on the subject to learn about this issue in-depth [see index].
Section 237(a)(3) contains several deportability provisions that pertain to failure to register under certain provisions and to fraud. As we noted, some of the deportability provisions in section 237(a)(3) are seldom used. However, it is important to add that conduct that may be generally described by section 237(a)(3) provisions may render an alien removable on other grounds. An alien who is facing criminal or civil charges that may implicate section 237(a)(3)(A), (3)(B), or (3)(C) should consult with an experienced immigration (and, if necessary, criminal) attorney immediately for case-specific guidance. An alien who is charged with having made a false claim to U.S. citizenship should consult with an experienced immigration attorney immediately, with the understanding that being found to have made a false claim to citizenship may not only result in removal, but also in permanent inadmissibility. In general, all of the section 237(a)(3) removal grounds are avoidable for an alien who is cognizant of his or her registration requirements and does not engage in document fraud or other types of immigration fraud.
Immigration Act of 1990 Today (Sep. 2017 Update). Section 10:24. National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild. Available at Westlaw.


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Afrikas historia
Internationell rätt rörande mänskliga rättigheter
Inbunden (Hardback)
Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award, American Political Science Association
Jens, Meierhenrich
16 tables
Antal komponenter
9:B&W 6 x 9 in or 229 x 152 mm Case Laminate on Creme w/Gloss Lam
Human Capital and Institutions
David Eltis
Finance and Economics Discussion Series
Joshua Gallin, United States Federal Reserve Board
The Oxford Handbook of Carl Schmitt
Jens Meierhenrich
Collected Works of Michal Kalecki: Volume III. Socialism: Functioning and Long-Run Planning
Michal Kalecki
The Remnants of the Rechtsstaat
The Cambridge Companion to the Rule of Law
Lothario's Corpse
Daniel Gustafson
Political Trials in Theory and History
The Legacies of Law
Long-Run Consequences of Legal Development in South Africa, 1652-2000
av Jens Meierhenrich
Inbunden Engelska, 2008-10-13
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Focusing on South Africa during the period 1650-2000, this book examines the role of law in making democracy work in changing societies. The Legacies of Law sheds light on the neglected relationship between path dependence and the law. Meierhenrich argues that legal norms and institutions, even illiberal ones, have an important - and hitherto undertheorized - structuring effect on democratic outcomes. Under certain conditions, law appears to reduce uncertainty in democratization by invoking common cultural backgrounds and experiences. In instances where interacting adversaries share qua law reasonably convergent mental models, transitions from authoritarian rule are shown to be less intractable. Meierhenrich's historical analysis of the evolution of law - and its effects - in South Africa during the period 1650-2000, compared with a short study of Chile from 1830-1990, shows how, and when, legal norms and institutions serve as historical causes to both liberal and illiberal rule.
De som köpt den här boken har ofta också köpt Review of Foreign Developments av Albert O Hirschman, Herbert Furth, United States Federal Reserve Board (häftad).
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'South Africa's peaceful transition from apartheid to democracy has surprised many observers. In an innovative approach to this topic, Professor Jens Meierhenrich argues that existing legal norms and institutions have important structuring effects on transitions to democracy. He identifies the dichotomy between apartheid law's rational formalism and its irrational substance and asserts that this body of law 'was, in an important respect, necessary for making democracy work'. ... The Legacies of Law offers an important account of the end of apartheid and expands the lessons of that experience to broader issues of democratization.' Harvard Law Review
'Meierhenrich's work provides an impressive synthesis of scholarly research on authoritarian transitions generally and dismantling of apartheid in particular ... the work provides a strong historical and legal framework within which to understand how fundamentally illegitimate systems can function and ultimately even further the democratic process.' Law and Politics Book Review
'Meierhenrich's study is widely recognized by many specialists as an exceptional analysis of legal development in South Africa's democratization process since the mid-1600s, with emphasis on the apartheid era. ... His careful - and unique - methodology creates a complex but useful analysis of South Africa's transition to democracy. ... [T]he beneficiaries of this intellectually sophisticated analysis are primarily sophisticated scholars. ... Summing up: highly recommended.' Choice
'Jens Meierhenrich has written a wonderfully ambitious, challenging book. It is, at once, a sweeping, quite original history of the role of legalities in the troubled South African past and a provocative conceptual work that lays the foundation for a theory of democracy rooted in the rule/s of law. An impressively erudite, transdisciplinary study - one with broad comparative relevance - it will have a major impact on scholarship in law and society. Everywhere.' John Comaroff, University of Chicago, American Bar Foundation
'In a highly scholarly work, that draws heavily on South African case law, legislation and legal literature, Jens Meierhenrich explores a contradiction in the South African apartheid state that informed South African jurisprudential discourse during the apartheid era. On the one hand, the apartheid regime invoked law as an instrument to impose and justify racial discrimination and political repression, but on the other hand it allowed relatively independent courts to administer justice in accordance with the enlightened values of the common law, a mix of English and Roman-Dutch law. Meierhenrich explains this contradiction in terms of a conflict between a prerogative state, which shows little respect for the rule of law, and a normative state, which respects the rule of law. His thesis, with wide philosophical underpinnings, provides a satisfactory explanation for the fact that when South Africa became a de...
Jens Meierhenrich is Assistant Professor of Government and of Social Studies at Harvard University, where he is also a Faculty Associate at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. He recently served as the Carlo Schmid Fellow in Trial Chamber II of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and has previously worked with Luis Moreno Ocampo, the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court. Professor Meierhenrich is also the author of a genocide trilogy, comprising The Rationality of Genocide, The Structure of Genocide, and The Culture of Genocide (all forthcoming).
1. Introduction; Part I. A Theory of Law: 2. A typology of law; 3. Path dependence and the law; Part II. A History of Law: 4. Apartheid and the law I; 5. Apartheid and the law II; 6. Apartheid's endgame and the law I; 7. Apartheid's endgame and the law II; Part III. A Comparative Analysis: 8. A plausability probe; 9. Conclusion.


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Published online 15 March 2007 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news070312-7
What's the future of coal?
A US study calls for more investment and focus on carbon capture and storage to make for cleaner coal. News@nature finds out what's taking so long.
Emma Marris
Piling it high: burning coal creates more emissions than oil or gas.Punchstock
After two years of work, an interdisciplinary group of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) professors released their report on The Future of Coal yesterday in Washington DC, making recommendations about how the United States should use coal for energy.
Isn't coal the dirtiest fuel there is?
It makes the most carbon dioxide, yes. Coal is mostly carbon, after all. In the United States in 2005, 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity made from coal produced about 1 kilogram of carbon dioxide emissions. The same amount of electricity made from natural gas emits half as much, whereas nuclear, wind and solar emit no CO2.
But if some of those coal emissions could be captured and pumped underground, then coal could clean up its act. As challenging as this may be, it may be easier than replacing coal altogether; coal currently provides a quarter of world energy and half of electrical power in the United States. China is building an average of two 500-megawatt coal plants each week, the report says.
How hard is it to get the emissions underground?
Hard. Here is the process as it would work with the most common type of power plant: carbon on its way out of the plant passes upwards through a tower in which a solution of amines is flowing downwards. The CO2 binds to the solvent, which flows out the bottom. The CO2 is then stripped from the solvent so that the liquid can be re-used. This is done with heat, usually some of the steam that would otherwise be turning turbines and making power. The upshot is that the efficiency of the power plant goes down. The CO2 then has to be compressed into a supercritical fluid and piped deep into the earth, into porous rocks or saltwater aquifers where it will stay — one hopes — for millennia.
How much does all this cost?
The report estimates that capture, pressurization, transport and storage would cost about $30 per tonne of CO2. Plants that have all these capabilities are more complex and so also cost more to build.
Could existing plants be modified to do this?
Yes, but retrofitting plants is more complicated than strapping on additional equipment. One of the co-chairs of the report's authoring panel, Ernest Moniz, likened the process to "major surgery". The report's authors believe that retrofits are unlikely to happen for the most common type of plants.
If you're going to build an entirely new plant, better cost returns can be found - at the moment — by turning coal into a gas before burning it, and then capturing the carbon. However, any plant with carbon capture will always be less efficient than one without it.
Why would a power company build a more expensive plant that will produce less energy?
They won't, until it makes business sense for them to do so. If it costs $30 a tonne to sequester the carbon, they won't do it until it costs that much to emit a tonne of carbon. That is why the report calls for carbon regulation in the United States as soon as possible.
And they won't do it until the technology is proven, which most people say it isn't. There are three small-scale demonstration sequestration plants around the world. But they aren't big enough, and aren't collecting enough data, according to the report, which calls for the United States to build three to five more demonstration plants, each pumping on the order of 1 million tones a year into the ground.
This sounds like it will take a while.
Yes, and conventional coal plants are likely to be built in the meantime. Interestingly, NASA policy guru Jim Hansen and some US politicians are talking about moratoriums on building new plants while the new technology is developed. The report does not go this far, merely suggesting they be built as efficiently as possible.
What about all the coal plants in China? Are they going to change?
The short answer is 'not soon'. Economies in China and India are rapidly growing and, particularly in China, that growth is being fuelled with coal. The two will probably account for 70% of new coal demand through 2030. But central governmental control of all this growth is weak.
The MIT group conducted several case studies in China and concluded that the government probably can't force a technology on its populace if it isn't economically feasible. But they end the section with a caution against being too critical: "We would be unwise to expect of the Chinese what we do not expect of ourselves."
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You are actually not afraid to sell. You just don't want to be treated like a sales person. The secret to being successful in sales only requires one major skill. That skill is listening. Watch this video to find out how listening can make you better at sales.
J. Massey here, with CashFlowDiary.com; and in this video I'm going to talk about how to be successful in sales in two minutes or less.
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Here's the thing I don't want you to be afraid.
In fact, you're actually not afraid of sales. It's not selling that you don't like. Everyone loves to sell because sales equals service and many of you love to help other people IE serve them.
Here's the thing you don't want to be treated like a salesperson though you want someone who is a person who happens to sell stuff and that's exactly what you want to be. And there's a very fine distinct art form and secret that I'm going to let you in on that gives you the ability to become successful at sales it actually only requires one major skill and here it is.
You and I must become better listeners.
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Ronja Jenny Stefanny Stina Karlsson Törnborg, född 7 mars 2002, är en svensk fotbollsspelare som spelar för Lidköpings FK.

Karriär
Karlsson Törnborgs moderklubb är Tallboda IF. Mellan 2016 och 2018 spelade hon därefter för Linghems SK. Karlsson Törnborg debuterade för klubben i Division 2 som 14-åring. Inför säsongen 2019 gick hon till IFK Norrköping. Karlsson Törnborg gjorde två mål på 19 matcher i Division 1 säsongen 2019.

I mars 2020 värvades Törnborg av Linköpings FC, där hon skrev på ett ettårskontrakt. Törnborg debuterade i Damallsvenskan den 27 juni 2020 i en 3–0-vinst över Växjö DFF, där hon blev inbytt i den 86:e minuten mot Alva Selerud. Totalt spelade Törnborg nio matcher i Damallsvenskan 2020. Genom ett föreningssamarbete var Törnborg även tillgänglig för sin tidigare klubb, IFK Norrköping under säsongen 2020. Hon spelade fem matcher och gjorde lika många mål för IFK Norrköping i Division 1.

I december 2020 förlängde Karlsson Törnborg sitt kontrakt i Linköpings FC med ett år. Under säsongen 2021 spelade hon tre ligamatcher för Linköpings FC i Damallsvenskan samt tre matcher för samarbetsklubben IFK Norrköping i Elitettan.

Inför säsongen 2022 gick Karlsson Törnborg till Elitettan-klubben Lidköpings FK.

Källor

Noter

Svenska fotbollsspelare
Spelare i IFK Norrköping
Spelare i Linköpings FC
Spelare i Lidköpings FK
Spelare i Damallsvenskan
Födda 2002
Levande personer
Kvinnor
Svenska idrottare under 2000-talet