text:
The flying inn
THE CHEMISTRY OF MR. CROOKE
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22. THE CHEMISTRY OF MR. CROOKE
WHEN the celebrated Hibbs next visited the shop of Crooke, that mystic and criminologist chemist, he found the premises were impressively and even amazingly enlarged with decorations in the eastern style. Indeed, it would not have been too much to say that Mr. Crooke's shop occupied the whole of one side of a showy street in the West End; the other side being a blank façade of public buildings. It would be no exaggeration to say that Mr. Crooke was the only shopkeeper for some distance round. Mr. Crooke still served in his shop, however; and politely hastened to serve his customer with the medicine that was customary. Unfortunately, for some reason or other, history was, in connection with this shop, only too prone to repeat itself. And after a vague but soothing conversation with the chemist (on the subject of vitriol and its effects on human happiness), Mr. Hibbs experienced the acute annoyance of once more beholding his most intimate friend, Mr. Joseph Leveson, enter the same fashionable emporium. But, indeed, Leveson's own annoyance was much too acute for him to notice any on the part of Hibbs.
"Well," he said, stopping dead in the middle of the shop, "here is a fine confounded kettle of fish!"
It is one of the tragedies of the diplomatic that they are not allowed to admit either knowledge or ignorance; so Hibbs looked gloomily wise; and said, pursing his lips, "you mean the general situation."
"I mean the situation about this everlasting business of the inn-signs," said Leveson, impatiently. "Lord Ivywood went up specially, when his leg was really bad, to get it settled in the House in a small non-contentious bill, providing that the sign shouldn't be enough if the liquor hadn't been on the spot three days."
"Oh, but," said Hibbs, sinking his voice to a soft solemnity, as being one of the initiate, "a thing like that can be managed, don't you know."
"Of course it can," said the other, still with the same slightly irritable air. "It was. But it doesn't seem to occur to you, any more than it did to his lordship, that there is rather a weak point after all in this business of passing acts quietly because they're unpopular. Has it ever occurred to you that if a law is really kept too quiet to be opposed, it may also be kept too quiet to be obeyed. It's not so easy to hush it up from a big politician without running the risk of hushing it up even from a common policeman."
"But surely that can't happen, by the nature of things?"
"Can't it, by God," said J. Leveson, appealing to a less pantheistic authority.
He unfolded a number of papers from his pocket, chiefly cheap local newspapers, but some of them letters and telegrams.
"Listen to this!" he said. "A curious incident occurred in the village of Poltwell in Surrey yesterday morning. The baker's shop of Mr. Whiteman was suddenly besieged by a knot of the looser types of the locality, who appear to have demanded beer instead of bread; basing their claim on some ornamental object erected outside the shop; which object they asserted to be a sign-board within the meaning of the act. There, you see, they haven't even heard of the new act! What do you think of this, from the Clapton Conservator. 'The contempt of Socialists for the law was well illustrated yesterday, when a crowd, collected round some wooden ensign of Socialism set up before Mr. Dugdale's Drapery Stores, refused to disperse, though told that their action was contrary to the law. Eventually the malcontents joined the procession following the wooden emblem.' And what do you say to this? 'Stop-press news. A chemist in Pimlico has been invaded by a huge crowd, demanding beer; and asserting the provision of it to be among his duties. The chemist is, of course, well acquainted with his immunities in the matter, especially under the new act; but the old notion of the importance of the sign seems still to possess the populace and even, to a certain extent, to paralyze the police.' What do you say to that? Isn't it as plain as Monday morning that this Flying Inn has flown a day in front of us, as all such lies do?" There was a diplomatic silence.
"Well," asked the still angry Leveson of the still dubious Hibbs, "what do you make of all that?"
One ill-acquainted with that relativity essential to all modern minds, might possibly have fancied that Mr. Hibbs could not make much of it. However that may be, his explanations or incapacity for explanations, were soon tested with a fairly positive test. For Lord Ivywood actually walked into the shop of Mr. Crooke.
"Good day, gentlemen," he said, looking at them with an expression which they both thought baffling and even a little disconcerting. "Good morning, Mr. Crooke. I have a celebrated visitor for you." And he introduced the smiling Misysra. The Prophet had fallen back on a comparatively quiet costume this morning, a mere matter of purple and orange or what not; but his aged face was now perennially festive.
"The Cause progresses," he said. "Everywhere the Cause progresses. You heard his lordship's beau-uti-ful speech?"
"I have heard many," said Hibbs, gracefully, "that can be so described."
"The Prophet means what I was saying about the Ballot Paper Amendment Act," said Ivywood, casually. "It seems to be the alphabet of statesmanship to recognise now that the great oriental British Empire has become one corporate whole with the occidental one. Look at our universities, with their Mohammedan students; soon they may be a majority. Now are we," he went on, still more quietly, "are we to rule this country under the forms of representative government? I do not pretend to believe in democracy, as you know, but I think it would be extremely unsettling and incalculable to destroy representative government. If we are to give Moslem Britain representative government, we must not make the mistake we made about the Hindoos and military organization―which led to the Mutiny. We must not ask them to make a cross on their ballot papers; for though it seems a small thing, it may offend them. So I brought in a little bill to make it optional between the old-fashioned cross and an upward curved mark that might stand for a crescent―and as it's rather easier to make, I believe it will be generally adopted."
"And so," said the radiant old Turk, "the little, light, easily made, curly mark is substituted for the hard, difficult, double-made, cutting both ways mark. It is the more good for hygi-e-ene. For you must know, and indeed our good and wise Chemist will tell you, that the Saracenic and the Arabian and the Turkish physicians were the first of all physicians; and taught all medicals to the barbarians of the Frankish territories. And many of the moost modern, the moost fashionable remedies, are thus of the oriental origin."
"Yes, that is quite true," said Crooke, in his rather cryptic and unsympathetic way, "the powder called Arenine, lately popularised by Mr. Boze, now Lord Helvellyn, who tried it first on birds, is made of plain desert sand. And what you see in prescriptions as Cannabis Indiensis is what our lively neighbours of Asia describe more energetically as bhang."
"And so-o―in the sa-ame way," said Misysra, making soothing passes with his brown hand like a mesmerist, "in the sa-ame way the making of the crescent is hy-gienic; the making of the cross is non-hy-gienic. The crescent was a little wave, as a leaf, as a little curling feather," and he waved his hand with real artistic enthusiasm toward the capering curves of the new Turkish decoration which Ivywood had made fashionable in many of the fashionable shops. "But when you make the cross you must make the one line so-o," and he swept the horizon with the brown hand, "and then you must go back and make the other line so-o," and he made an upward gesture suggestive of one constrained to lift a pine-tree. "And then you become very ill."
"As a matter of fact, Mr. Crooke," said Ivywood, in his polite manner, "I brought the Prophet here to consult you as the best authority on the very point you have just mentioned―the use of hashish or the hemp-plant. I have it on my conscience to decide whether these oriental stimulants or sedatives shall come under the general veto we are attempting to impose on the vulgar intoxicants. Of course one has heard of the horrible and voluptuous visions, and a kind of insanity attributed to the Assassins and the Old Man of the Mountain. But, on the one hand, we must clearly discount much for the illimitable pro-Christian bias with which the history of these eastern tribes is told in this country. Would you say the effect of hashish was extremely bad?" And he turned first to the Prophet.
"You will see mosques," said that seer with candour, "many mosques―more mosques―taller and taller mosques till they reach the moon and you bear a dreadful voice in the very high mosque calling the muezzin; and you will think it is Allah. Then you will see wives―many, many wives―more wives than you yet have. Then you will be rolled over and over in a great pink and purple sea―which is still wives. Then you will go to sleep. I have only done it once," he concluded mildly.
"And what do you think about hashish, Mr. Crooke?" asked Ivywood, thoughtfully.
"I think it's hemp at both ends," said the Chemist.
"I fear," said Lord Ivywood, "I don't quite understand you."
"A hempen drink, a murder, and a hempen rope. That's my experience in India," said Mr. Crooke.
"It is true," said Ivywood, yet more reflectively, "that the thing is not Moslem in any sense in its origin. There is that against the Assassins always. And, of course," he added, with a simplicity that had something noble about it, "their connection with St. Louis discredits them rather."
After a space of silence, he said suddenly, looking at Crooke, "So it isn't the sort of thing you chiefly sell?"
"No, my lord, it isn't what I chiefly sell," said the Chemist. He also looked steadily, and the wrinkles of his young-old face were like hieroglyphics.
"The Cause progress! Everywhere it progress!" cried Misysra, spreading his arms and relieving a momentary tension of which he was totally unaware. "The hygienic curve of the crescent will soon superimpose himself for your plus sign. You already use him for the short syllables in your dactyl; which is doubtless of oriental origin. You see the new game?"
He said this so suddenly that everyone turned round, to see him produce from his purple clothing a brightly coloured and highly polished apparatus from one of the grand toy-shops; which, on examination, seemed to consist of a kind of blue slate in a red and yellow frame; a number of divisions being already marked on the slate, about seventeen slate pencils with covers of different colours, and a vast number of printed instructions, stating that it was but recently introduced from the remote East, and was called Naughts and Crescents.
Strangely enough, Lord Ivywood, with all his enthusiasm, seemed almost annoyed at the emergence of this Asiatic discovery; more especially as he really wanted to look at Mr. Crooke, as hard as Mr. Crooke was looking at him.
Hibbs coughed considerately and said, "Of course all our things came from the East, and"―and he paused, being suddenly unable to remember anything but curry; to which he was very rightly attached. He then remembered Christianity, and mentioned that too. "Everything from the East is good, of course," he ended, with an air of light omniscience.
Those who in later ages and other fashions failed to understand how Misysra had ever got a mental hold on men like Lord Ivywood, left out two elements in the man, which are very attractive, especially to other men. One was that there was no subject on which the little Turk could not instantly produce a theory. The other was that though the theories were crowded, they were consistent. He was never known to accept an illogical compliment.
"You are in error," he said, solemnly, to Hibbs, "because you say all things from the East are good. There is the east wind. I do not like him. He is not good. And I think very much that all the warmth and all the wealthiness and the colours and the poems and the religiousness that the East was meant to give you have been much poisoned by this accident, this east wind. When you see the green flag of the Prophet, you do not think of a green field in Summer, you think of a green wave in your seas of Winter; for you think it blown by the east wind. When you read of the moon-faced houris you think not of our moons like oranges but of your moons like snowballs―"
Here a new voice contributed to the conversation. Its contribution, though imperfectly understood, appeared to be "Nar! Why sh'd I wite for a little Jew in 'is dressin' gown? Little Jews in their dressin' gowns 'as their drinks, and we 'as our drinks. Bitter, miss."
The speaker, who appeared to be a powerful person of the plastering occupation, looked round for the unmarried female he had ceremonially addressed; and seemed honestly abashed that she was not present.
Ivywood looked at the man with that expression of one turned to stone, which his physique made so effective in him. But J. Leveson, Secretary, could summon no such powers of self-petrification. Upon his soul the slaughter red of that unhallowed eve arose when first the Ship and he were foes; when he discovered that the poor are human beings, and therefore are polite and brutal within a comparatively short space of time. He saw that two other men were standing behind the plastering person, one of them apparently urging him to counsels of moderation; which was an ominous sign. And then he lifted his eyes and saw something worse than any omen.
All the glass frontage of the shop was a cloud of crowding faces. They could not be clearly seen, since night was closing in on the street; and the dazzling fires of ruby and amethyst which the lighted shop gave to its great globes of liquid, rather veiled than revealed them. But the foremost actually flattened and whitened their noses on the glass, and the most distant were nearer than Mr. Leveson wanted them. Also he saw a shape erect outside the shop; the shape of an upright staff and a square board. He could not see what was on the board. He did not need to see.
Those who saw Lord Ivywood at such moments understood why he stood out so strongly in the history of his time, in spite of his frozen face and his fanciful dogmas. He had all the negative nobility that is possible to man. Unlike Nelson and most of the great heroes, he knew not fear. Thus he was never conquered by a surprise, but was cold and collected when other men had lost their heads even if they had not lost their nerve.
"I will not conceal from you, gentlemen," said Lord Ivywood, "that I have been expecting this. I will not even conceal from you that I have been occupying Mr. Crooke's time until it occurred. So far from excluding the crowd, I suggest it would be an excellent thing if Mr. Crooke could accommodate them all in this shop. I want to tell, as soon as possible, as large a crowd as possible that the law is altered and this folly about the Flying Inn has ceased. Come in, all of you! Come in and listen!"
"Thank yer," said a man connected in some way with motor buses, who lurched in behind the plasterer.
"Thanky, sir," said a bright little clock-mender from Croydon, who immediately followed him.
"Thanks," said a rather bewildered clerk from Camberwell, who came next in the rather bewildered procession.
"Thank you," said Mr. Dorian Wimpole, who entered, carrying a large round cheese.
"Thank you," said Captain Dalroy, who entered carrying a large cask of rum.
"Thank you very much," said Mr. Humphrey Pump, who entered the shop carrying the sign of "The Old Ship."
I fear it must be recorded that the crowd which followed them dispensed with all expressions of gratitude. But though the crowd filled the shop so that there was no standing room to spare, Leveson still lifted his gloomy eyes and beheld his gloomy omen. For, though there were very many more people standing in the shop, there seemed to be no less people looking in at the window.
"Gentlemen," said Ivywood, "all jokes come to an end. This one has gone so far as to be serious; and it might have become impossible to correct public opinion, and expound to law-abiding citizens the true state of the law, had I not been able to meet so representative an assembly in so central a place. It is not pertinent to my purpose to indicate what I think of the jest which Captain Dalroy and his friends have been playing upon you for the last few weeks. But I think Captain Dalroy will himself concede that I am not jesting."
"With all my heart," said Dalroy, in a manner that was unusually serious and even sad. Then he added with a sigh, "And as you truly say, my jest has come to an end."
"That wooden sign," said Ivywood, pointing at the queer blue ship, "can be cut up for firewood. It shall lead decent citizens a devil's dance no more. Understand it once and for all, before you learn it from policemen or prison warders. You are under a new law. That sign is the sign of nothing. You can no more buy and sell alcohol by having that outside your house, than if it were a lamp-post."
"D'you meanter say, guv'ner," said the plasterer, with a dawn of intelligence on his large face which was almost awful to watch, "that I ain't to 'ave a glass o' bitter?"
"Try a glass of rum," said Patrick.
"Captain Dalroy," said Lord Ivywood, "if you give one drop from that cask to that man, you are breaking the law and you shall sleep in jail."
"Are you quite sure?" asked Dalroy, with a strange sort of anxiety. "I might escape."
"I am quite sure," said Ivywood. "I have posted the police with full powers for the purpose, as you will find. I mean that this business shall end here tonight."
"If I find that pleeceman what told me I could 'ave a drink just now, I'll knock 'is 'elmet into a fancy necktie, I will," said the plasterer. "Why ain't people allowed to know the law?"
"They ain't got no right to alter the law in the dark like that," said the clock-mender. "Damn the new law."
"What is the new law?" asked the clerk.
"The words inserted by the recent Act," said Lord Ivywood, with the cold courtesy of the Conqueror, "are to the effect that alcohol cannot be sold, even under a lawful sign, unless alcoholic liquors have been kept for three days on the premises. Captain Dalroy, that cask of yours has not, I think, been three days on these premises. I command you to seal it up and take it away."
"Surely," said Patrick, with an innocent air, "the best remedy would be to wait till it has been three days on the premises. We might all get to know each other better." And he looked round at the ever-increasing multitude with hazy benevolence.
"You shall do nothing of the kind," said his lordship, with sudden fierceness.
"Well," answered Patrick, wearily, "now I come to think of it, perhaps I won't. I'll have one drink here and go home to bed like a good little boy."
"And the constables shall arrest you," thundered Ivywood.
"Why, nothing seems to suit you," said the surprised Dalroy. "Thank you, however, for explaining the new law so clearly―'unless alcoholic liquors have been three days on the premises' I shall remember it now. You always explain such things so clearly. You only made one legal slip. The constables will not arrest me."
"And why not?" demanded the nobleman, white with passion.
"Because," cried Patrick Dalroy; and his voice lifted itself like a lonely trumpet before the charge, "because I shall not have broken the law. Because alcoholic liquors have been three days on these premises. Three months more likely. Because this is a common grog-shop, Philip Ivywood. Because that man behind the counter lives by selling spirits to all the cowards and hypocrites who are rich enough to bribe a bad doctor."
And he pointed suddenly at the small medicine glass on the counter by Hibbs and Leveson.
"What is that man drinking?" he demanded.
Hibbs put out his hand hastily for his glass, but the indignant clock-mender had snatched it first and drained it at a gulp.
"Scortch," he said, and dashed the glass to atoms on the floor. "Right you are too," roared the plasterer, seizing a big medicine bottle in each hand. "We're goin' to 'ave a little of the fun now, we are. What's in that big red bowl up there―I reckon it's port. Fetch it down, Bill."
Ivywood turned to Crooke and said, scarcely moving his lips of marble, "This is a lie."
"It is the truth," answered Crooke, looking back at him with equal steadiness. "Do you think you made the world, that you should make it over again so easily?"
"The world was made badly," said Philip, with a terrible note in his voice, "and I will make it over again."
Almost as he spoke the glass front of the shop fell inward, shattered, and there was wreckage among the moonlike, coloured bowls; almost as if spheres of celestial crystal cracked at his blasphemy. Through the broken windows came the roar of that confused tongue that is more terrible than the elements; the cry that the deaf kings have heard at last; the terrible voice of mankind. All the way down the long, fashionable street, lined with the Crooke plate-glass, that glass was crashing amid the cries of a crowd. Rivers of gold and purple wines sprawled about the pavement.
"Out in the open!" shouted Dalroy, rushing out of the shop, sign-board in hand, the dog Quoodle barking furiously at his heels, while Dorian with the cheese and Humphrey with the keg followed as rapidly as they could. "Goodnight, my lord.
"Perhaps our meeting next may fall,
At Tomworth in your castle hall.
"Come along, friends, and form up. Don't waste time destroying property. We're all to start now."
"Where are we all going to?" asked the plasterer.
"We're all going into Parliament," answered the Captain, as he went to the head of the crowd.
The marching crowd turned two or three corners, and at the end of the next long street, Dorian Wimpole, who was toward the tail of the procession, saw again the grey Cyclops tower of St. Stephens, with its one great golden eye, as he had seen it against that pale green sunset that was at once quiet and volcanic on the night he was betrayed by sleep and by a friend. Almost as far off, at the head of the procession, he could see the sign with the ship and the cross going before them like an ensign, and hear a great voice singing—
"Men that are men again, Who goes home?
Tocsin and trumpeter! Who goes home?
The voice valedictory―who is for Victory?
Who is for Liberty? Who goes home?"
Directory: cfs-filesystemfile.ashx -> key -> CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> Various Messages from Samuel Logan Brengle
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> Denominations and Religious Institutions
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> Eternity! Eternity
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> Annotated Bibliography
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> [The first seventeen verses of Matthew consists of Jesus' family tree
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> The life and times — of — benjamin franklin, — by — joseph franklin, and
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> Abraham, or the Obedience of Faith
CommunityServer.Discussions.Components.Files -> Library of Hebrew Bible / Old Testament Studies


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text:
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>

#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <vector>

namespace boost_range_adaptor_type_erased_test
{
    namespace
    {

void test_bidirectional()
{
    test_type_erased_exercise_buffer_types<
            std::list<int>, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag >();

    test_type_erased_exercise_buffer_types<
            std::deque<int>, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag >();

    test_type_erased_exercise_buffer_types<
            std::vector<int>, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag >();

    test_type_erased_exercise_buffer_types<
            std::list<MockType>, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag >();

    test_type_erased_exercise_buffer_types<
            std::deque<MockType>, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag >();

    test_type_erased_exercise_buffer_types<
            std::vector<MockType>, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag >();
}

    } // anonymous namespace
} // namespace boost_range_adaptor_type_erased_test

boost::unit_test::test_suite*
init_unit_test_suite(int, char*[])
{
    boost::unit_test::test_suite* test =
        BOOST_TEST_SUITE("RangeTestSuite.adaptor.type_erased_bidirectional");

    test->add(BOOST_TEST_CASE(
                  &boost_range_adaptor_type_erased_test::test_bidirectional));

    return test;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As we look ahead to the 2018-19 Redhawk Tennis season, we want to create a schedule that challenges us and prepares us for conference play, and one where the players will create memories and strengthen our bond as a team. The week before conference play begins is a pivotal time in the season; it also is our Spring Break week, and I want to provide the players with an experience of a lifetime! The tennis team hasn't been on a major Spring Break trip since 2007 when the team travelled to Hilton Head, SC.
This year, we plan to take the team on a trip to New Orleans to play some different teams that we don't normally play and prepare for the outdoor season. We have two seniors on the team, and we especially want to give them once last hoorah for their senior season. While in New Orleans, we hope to tour the city, learn about the history of the area, eat some local cuisine, and play some big tennis!
This season we have a highly talented group of tennis players. But tennis isn't everything when it comes to winning championships. We believe in the strength of team, playing for your teammates, and putting your teammates before yourself. This opportunity will be an amazing shared experience that brings us closer together as a team.
We'd like to ask for your support to help give our team an experience they'll remember for a lifetime.


If you'd like to book a place for someone on one of our day baking classes but are unsure what dates they can do- you can now opt for a non date specific gift voucher.
Once purchased we'll send the voucher in the post to the address provided. Once the recipient has received the voucher and settled on a date they can either come in store or call us and we'll then book them on.
Please note- due to the size of our classes we cannot guarantee that a place on a specific date will be available at the time of booking. We will do our very best to accommodate you.


text:
Architect Mouzhan Majidi to join Zaha Hadid Architects
in Arhiscene, Foster and Partners, Zaha Hadid Architects
Architect Mouzhan Majidi is the latest team member of the renowned Zaha Hadid Architects, it might have been a long road for Zaha and her team but today the architecture practice reshapes the way we see and understand architecture. Mouzhan comes from an equally important architecture studio, the Foster and Partners firm known for numerous projects around the globe. Mr. Majidi was with Foster and Partners for 27 years and has been the leading Chief Executive in the previous seven years. By Spring 2015 he is set to join closely Zaha Hadid herself and Patrik Schumacher.
"I am delighted that Mouzhan will be joining us. He brings a unique balance of strong management and leadership skills with architectural and design sensitivity that is so important to our creative studio. This is a key step in the evolution of our practice, now in its fourth decade with our growing portfolio of diverse and exciting projects worldwide, and is important for our long-term strategy." – from Zaha Hadid.
"I am very excited to join Zaha Hadid Architects next year, and very much look forward to working with Zaha, Patrik and the team to contribute to the company's continued success. I have always admired the innovation and beauty of their work and its growing global impact. It's a privilege to be part of this amazing team." – from Mouzhan Majidi.
Continue below for some of Mouzhan Majidi's most eye-catching projects created during his time at Foster and Partners.
For more of Zaha Hadid Architects log on to www.zaha-hadid.com.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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A Man's House Catches Fire – Review
Posted bynicolaheaney December 15, 2020 December 9, 2020 Posted inBooks, PoetryTags:book blog, Book Review, Nine Arches Press, poet, Poetry, poetry review
Tom Sastry's debut collection thrusts the reader into a world wrapped in deadpan metaphors. The opening poem 'A Man's House Catches Fire' sets the tone as self-deprecating from the outset with the lines:
"I thought the smell of smoke
was just me going off my head
which I have learned to expect."
The poem ends on the line "and I stepped back into my house", a fantastic image to take us into the poet's world with an expectation of being exposed to some intimate personal revelations and thoughts.
The first section in the collection portrays the world outside the home as an unsettling, unpleasant space for the speaker. In 'Thirty-two Lines on Loss', the speaker's joy at not being able to see the world properly "I liked the fog of it" speaks to the pain caused by seeing the world clearly. Using the idea of sight and blurred sight is an interesting one and it permeates many of the poems in the collection.
Birds are another motif sprinkled liberally in this first section. They represent a sort of freedom from the grind of everyday life and their absence leaves a hollowed-out world filled with grinding office work as seen in 'The office' and 'The Birds are leaving' where the sky – and, by association, we, "remain lost."
The everyday world Sastry paints is slightly grotesque, where we find the answers to the metaphysical in the mundanity of advertising features and billboards seen from buses that tell us "Death is coming". Many of the poems seem like a rallying cry against the consumerist world as Sastry finds joy in not being able to see them as satirises them as selling even to the dead.
The first section ends on a hopeful note, with a call to action to preserve that which we hold dear:
"Be proud of your love.
Bring it to mind. Bring it to the front
ahead of all other concerns" in 'Simple magic for dark times.'
The underlying fear and struggle against the modern world whimpers into a sort of resignation in the second section, aptly titled 'The Unheroic' where the speaker explains "I had to learn to carry the feeling/like a stone in my head." in 'A Man Learns to Live with Fire'. Poems like 'Normalisation' and 'Complicity' begin to look outwards at the world and we see a form of acceptance where even nature has become complicit as the sea "hides plastic/ and weapons of mass destruction." In this section, politics is scrutinised and deemed as futile as Sastry applies the brush of the deadpan to the non-speak of politicians with something to hide in poems such as 'Complicity and 'Jeremy Paxman interviews the old woman who lives in the woods.'
There's a sense of exhaustion to the acceptance of the world in poems like 'The Unheroic where the news and cricket are meshed together "I will tune in and out of a crisis that never ends". There's a sense of inevitability to this giving up on a world that has become too tiresome in 'We are drowning. Everyone else is Noah' where the use of the "we" assumes a sort of fraternity between reader and speaker "On the fortieth day we lie on our bed and/let the water erase us."
As in the first section, the last poem in the second also leaves us with a sense of hope as 'Sweet Biscuit Man' reads as an exhortation that despite it all, we matter.
The third section is much more personal. There's much more of the first person and the poems in the last section feel more intimate, more physical like in 'November' and I Ran'. The speaker's tone has changed from the cynical deadpan view of the exterior world and these poems are much more tender, such as the beauty of 'In Spring we open, like terrifying flowers,' and the beautiful 'Waking'.
The last section, titled 'When the light reminds you to look' means that we end on a sense of hope and that despite the horrors and futility of the rollercoaster of modern life, we can find beauty and peace within our interior worlds – and surely, that's all that should matter.
Review: Julia Webb's 'Threat'


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Application of Forensic Psychology within a trial: R vs. Golds
Category: Forensic Psychology
Before delving into the applications and relevant theories in Forensic Psychology in this case, it is first necessary to summarise the particulars of this case. This will allow for the evidence to be objectively assessed, and then broken down as the empirical evidence provided by the field of Forensic Psychology pertains to specific points. This will allow for the value of various aspects of the evidence on both sides to be assessed, which may result in a re-evaluation of the overall verdict. The psychological evidence will then be evaluated within the relevant theoretical framework, and these theories will in turn be critically analysed so that the degree to which the relevant findings and theories of forensic psychology can be used to interpret the meaning and weight of evidence in this case can be evaluated.
The defendant was convicted of murdering his wife, but appealed against conviction on the grounds that he was suffering from a mental illness and therefore was impaired substantially enough to meet the criteria for manslaughter, not murder. The appeal was dismissed. Although the defendant admitted killing his wife he did not give evidence at the trial, stating that he was not in a fit mental state. A voir dire by a medical expert, B, attested to the fact that the defendant ought not to give evidence due to his mental state, and when recounting this to the jury the judge ruled that no adverse inference should be drawn from this. The judge did however not allow evidence from B to be given at the trial. The evidence in support of the defence was given by three expert medical witnesses all attesting to the deteriorating mental state of the defence and that the criteria for diminished responsibility were satisfied. No medical testimony disputed this. Evidence admitted by the judge against the defence came from the defendant's daughter, S, who recounted a conversation in which the defendant admitted assaulting the victim on a prior occasion. This was taken as evidence of the defendant's bad character. During the trial there was some discussion of the definition of the term 'substantially impaired'; the defence counsel defined the term as anything 'more than trivial[ly impaired]' but the judge refused this definition and declined to give the jury any further guidance as to the legal definition of this term.
A verdict of manslaughter would suggest that the defendant was not able to fully understand the nature of what he was doing, make a rational decision and exercise self-control (Morse, 2003). Of course the legal definition of 'substantially impaired' is also relevant; as it is defined by the English Homicide Act (1957) substantial impairment is constituted either by a 'common sense' standard or by any degree of impairment which is more than trivial but less than total (Prevezer, 1957). Whether the defendant reaches the threshold for these definitions of substantially impaired will decide whether he is convicted of manslaughter or murder.
One issue raised by the defendant in the appeal was that although the judge did explicitly state that the jury was not to draw any condemning inference from the defendant's lack of testimony, he failed to remind the jury that S's evidence should be considered with caution, because the defendant was not able to give any account of the alleged conversation. According to the literature in forensic psychology there could be valid grounds to this claim, however the claim itself could also be redundant entirely. This is because jurors do indeed evidently find it difficult to evaluate the weight of evidence and draw inferences appropriately (Thomas and Hogue, 1976). Thomas and Hogue (1976) developed a decision-making model for jurors, showing broadly that the weight jurors will ascribe to evidence varies across the population according to a variety of factors relevant to the characteristics of the jury. In this model the decision threshold which defines whether the jury votes for the plaintiff or defendant varies little across the population but may vary between cases and be affected by factors such as instructions to jurors. This latter point is very important because it addresses the effect that instructions to the jury can have, even a small effect could have made a substantial difference to the way the jury regarded evidence. Evidence suggests that this is particularly the case with emotionally-charged evidence which is pertinent to this case, Cush and Delahunty (2006) found that mock jurors who received no pre-evidence instructions to consider emotionally evocative evidence (gruesome photographs) dispassionately or with caution gave more verdicts in favour of the victim and scored higher on measures of victim compassion and crime negativity than did jurors who did receive such instruction.
Embedded within cognitive theory this evidence supports the defendant's position on this point; without all of the pertinent evidence with the appropriate weights the juror as a sense-making machine would not be able to reach an informed decision (Pennington and Hastie, 1991). The heuristics and biases approach (Griffin, Gonzalez and Varey, 2001) views decision-making, thought and perception as vulnerable to various cognitive biases and distortions from mental archetypes. One such source of bias has been dubbed 'WYSIATI', or 'what you see is all there is'. This notion is important in a forensic context because the jury will naturally find it difficult to take into account evidence that is not readily presented to them (Neal and Grisso, 2014) especially when presented with material evidence which contradicts it.
Another point to consider is the value of S's evidence; factors which may be important to consider are the age of the witness (Ceci, Ross and Toglia, 1987), the power of hindsight and the nature of reconstructive memory (Leippe, 1980). According to a retrieval theory of memory, recognition and recall styles of memory are possible through a resonance-style spreading-activation pattern of retrieval attempts (Ratcliff, 1978). When a search of memory in this way is performed, certain archetypes or contextual information and assumptions about the objects in memory may fill in gaps or add meaning; depending on the age of the witness this may be even more important, because young children are more susceptible to such biases (Ceci, Ross and Toglia, 1987; Leippe, 1980). There may have been subtleties in the alleged conversation with the defendant which would reinterpret the meaning, especially in light of the defendant's alleged mental illness which S could have missed in her memory of the conversation.
Even if the judge had instructed the jury to treat S's evidence with caution though, the question is what effect would this have had on the verdict. The answer would seem to be that even though it may have changed the jury's perception of the evidence (Cush and Delahunty, 2006), this would not have substantially affected the verdict because the evidence of S was of limited significance in the first place because of the strength of other evidence that the defendant had abused the victim. A cognitive decision-makin framework would see people evaluating this evidence overall in favour of the victim (Pennington and Hastie, 1991). In addition to this it was made clear to the jury that the case of the defendant was that he had not abused the victim. This makes it a somewhat trivial point in the overall case.
Cognitive theory is useful in the context of forensic psychology because it provides a framework for the decision-making process to be understood, and an opportunity for the value of evidence to be quantified. The theory does view human beings as rational agents who are able to objectively consider evidence, simply adding additional weight to emotional evidence. This could be seen as reductionist as it ignores a wealth of human experience and much of the cultural meaning inherent in cases such as this one. The spreading-activation theory of memory also has its opponents. Some memory researchers prefer to view memory errors as arising from consolidation or encoding errors (Squire and Alvarez, 1995). Both are useful in a forensic psychology context but it is important to remember that the evidence is interpreted theoretically, and there must still be a weight assigned to evidence based on theory. It must therefore be acknowledged that the interpretation of evidence is at least somewhat arbitrary based on these theories.
A second point in the appeal was that the judge was supposedly wrong to not allow the evidence of B to go before the jury. The value of expert witnesses is debateable in the literature, assuming that their professional opinions within their fields are valid and reliable, the problem arises with the effect their testimony has on the jury. Expert testimony usually affects the credence that the jury gives to the testimony or stance of the individuals being evaluated, and in this case the evidence of B may well have contributed to the judge's decision to instruct the jury to draw no condemning inference from the defendant's lack of testimony. Due to certain cognitive biases, the message an expert tries to convey may not be received by the jury as intended, which may vindicate the judge's decision to not allow B's testimony. Jury members will often ascribe disproportionate impact to expert testimony (Krafka, Dunn, Johnson, Cecil et al., 2002), meaning the intended message is exaggerated or otherwise distorted resulting in jurors who may believe something contrary to what the literature on mental illness suggests. B had stated that the defendant was not in a fit state to give testimony, and attested to the reality of his mental illness and deteriorating mental state despite the usage of antipsychotic medication. This last point may be of particular importance because members of the general public may not have a full understanding of the research into the effects of antipsychotics (Jorm, Korten, Rodgers, Pollitt et al., 1997) which B presumably did have. If the jury believed that antipsychotics could cure the defendant's mental illness then this could lead to them drawing a condemning inference.
The weight that B's evidence would have had is in question though because of the already substantial amount of evidence in support of the existence and chronic worsening of the defendant's mental illness. This is an issue because if the jury was already convinced that the defendant was indeed mentally ill at the time of the killing and still voted to convict the defendant of murder then the impact B's evidence may have had is a moot point. The only remaining question is whether B's testimony would have added anything to the testimony of the other experts due to the voir dire examination. It does seem unlikely that the testimony of B would have differed significantly from the other experts, and due to the evidence suggesting that the individual persuasive ability of experts has more of an impact on jurors than the content of their message (Bank and Poythress, 1982) the judge was probably right to not allow the additional expert testimony.
A criticism of most of this research is that it mostly uses mock jurors, and also the mock cases obviously involved different experts and circumstances to the one in question. This means that the effect may be more or less pronounced in this scenario, but the evidence is from a very relevant context and is extremely likely to still be useful. The only potential problem lies in the participants not taking the mock case as seriously as they would a real case.
The general population may not have a good understanding of mental illness or mental capacity as these terms are defined in legal discourse (Jorm, 2000) which did necessitate at least some expert testimony. Another point is that the judge did not give any contrasting definition for the term 'substantially impaired' when the defence counsel offered the definition of 'anything impairment more than trivial'. Although this was submitted as grounds for appeal, the evidence suggests that if anything this point would have resulted in the jurors adopting a standard of impairment that was too liberal by legal standards. This is because jurors and indeed people in general are not as able to disregard presented information as readily as most people believe (Lieberman and Arndt, 2000). According to theories in social psychology, hindsight bias and belief perseverance can lead to jurors actually relying on inadmissible evidence more than other evidence (Lieberman and Arndt, 2000). This is very useful research in this context because it highlights the importance of presented information; the definition offered by the defence counsel will be given inappropriate attention. Since the verdict was still to convict, this suggests strongly that the court was right to dismiss the appeal.
In light of the strength of the evidence and theory reviewed and the applications in this case, it is clear that the second and third points submitted by the defendant in the appeal were properly rebuffed by the judge, in fact the evidence suggests that these issues would have worked in the defendant's favour if the judge had responded differently. As for the first point, it appears from the research that any effect on jury perception would be negligible, although there is some conflict in the literature as to the effect of instructions of limitation from the judge.
Morse, S. J. (2003). Diminished rationality, diminished responsibility. Ohio St. J. Crim. L., 1, 289.
Prevezer, S. (1957). The English Homicide Act: A New Attempt to Revise the Law of Murder. Columbia Law Review, 624-652.
Thomas, E. A., & Hogue, A. (1976). Apparent weight of evidence, decision criteria, and confidence ratings in juror decision making. Psychological Review,83(6), 442.
Cush, R. K., & Delahunty, J. G. (2006). The influence of limiting instructions on processing and judgments of emotionally evocative evidence. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 13(1), 110-123.
Griffin, D., Gonzalez, R., & Varey, C. (2001). The heuristics and biases approach to judgment under uncertainty. Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intraindividual processes, 1, 207-235.
Neal, T., & Grisso, T. (2014). The cognitive underpinnings of bias in forensic mental health evaluations. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 20(2), 200.
Pennington, N., & Hastie, R. (1991). Cognitive theory of juror decision making: The story model, A. Cardozo L. Rev., 13, 519.
Ceci, S. J., Ross, D. F., & Toglia, M. P. (1987). Suggestibility of children's memory: Psycholegal implications. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 116(1), 38.
Leippe, M. R. (1980). Effects of integrative memorial and cognitive processes on the correspondence of eyewitness accuracy and confidence. Law and Human behavior, 4(4), 261.
Ratcliff, R. (1978). A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological review, 85(2), 59.
Alba, J. W., & Hasher, L. (1983). Is memory schematic?. Psychological Bulletin, 93(2), 203.
Bank, S. C., & Poythress Jr, N. G. (1982). Elements of Persuasion in Expert Testimony, The. J. Psychiatry & L., 10, 173.
Jorm, A. F. (2000). Mental health literacy Public knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 177(5), 396-401.
Lieberman, J. D., & Arndt, J. (2000). Understanding the limits of limiting instructions: Social psychological explanations for the failures of instructions to disregard pretrial publicity and other inadmissible evidence. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 6(3), 677.
Squire, L. R., & Alvarez, P. (1995). Retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation: a neurobiological perspective. Current opinion in neurobiology,5(2), 169-177.
Jorm, A. F., Korten, A. E., Rodgers, B., Pollitt, P., Jacomb, P. A., Christensen, H., & Jiao, Z. (1997). Belief systems of the general public concerning the appropriate treatments for mental disorders. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 32(8), 468-473.
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Dining with a Pharisee. Sabbath Healing and Three Lessons Suggested by the Event.
The Four-Fold Gospel — J. W. McGarvey
(Probably Peræa.)
^C Luke XIV.1-24.
^c 1 And it came to pass, when he went into the house of one of the rulers of the Pharisees on a sabbath to eat bread, that they were watching him. [The Pharisees were an unorganized party, hence their rulers were such not by office, but by influence. Those who were members of the Sanhedrin, or who were distinguished among the rabbis, might fitly be spoken of as rulers among them. The context favors the idea that Jesus was invited for the purpose of being watched -- a carrying out of the Pharisaic purpose declared at Luke xi.53, 54. Bountiful feasts on the Sabbath day were common among the Jews; the food, however, was cooked the previous day in obedience to the precept at Ex. xvi.23.] 2 And behold, there was before him a certain man that had the dropsy. [The phrase "let him go" of verse 4 shows that the man was not a guest, but rather one who seems to have taken advantage of the freedom of an Oriental house to stand among the lookers-on. He may have been there purely from his own choice, but the evil intention with which Jesus was invited makes it highly probable that the man's presence was no accident, but part of a deep-laid plot to entrap Jesus.] 3 And Jesus answering [replying to their unspoken thoughts, in which they were assuming that he would heal the sick man] spake unto the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath, or not? 4 And they held their peace. [They evidently expected Jesus to act on the impulse, and were confused by his calm, deliberate question. If they declared it lawful, they defeated their plot, and if they said otherwise, they involved themselves in an argument with him in which, as experience taught them, they would be humiliated before the people. Hence, they kept silence, but their silence only justified him, since it was the duty of every lawyer to pronounce this act unlawful if it had been so.] And he took him, and healed him, and let him go.5 And he said unto them, Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a well, and will not straightway draw him up on a sabbath day? 6 And they could not answer again unto these things. [Here Jesus again asserts that the Sabbath law did not forbid acts of mercy. See pp.212, 213, 215. Though silenced, the Pharisees relented not, either as to their bigotry or their hatred.] 7 And he spake a parable unto those that were bidden, when he marked how they chose out the chief seats [The triclinia, or Grecian table, then in use had three sections which were placed together so as to form a flat-bottomed letter U. The space enclosed by the table was not occupied. It was left vacant that the servants might enter it and attend to the wants of the guests who reclined around the outer margin of the table. The central seat of each of these three sections were deemed a place of honor. This struggle for precedence was a small ambition, but many of the ambitions of our day are equally small] ; saying unto them, 8 When thou art bidden of any man to a marriage feast [Jesus mentions another kind of feast than the one in progress, that he may not be needlessly personal], sit not down in the chief seat; lest haply a more honorable man [Phil. ii.3] than thou be bidden of him, 9 and he that bade thee and him shall come and say to thee, Give this man place; and then thou shalt begin with shame to take the lowest place. [Because when ousted from the top he would find every place full except the bottom.] 10 But when thou art bidden, go and sit down in the lowest place; that when he that hath bidden thee cometh, he may say to thee, Friend, go up higher: then shalt thou have glory in the presence of all that sit at meat with thee. [The words here used by our Lord teach how to avoid earthly shame and to obtain worldly honor. But they form a parable which is intended to teach the great spiritual truth that true humility leads to exaltation.] 11 For everyone that exalteth himself shall be humbled; and he that humbleth himself shall be exalted. [This is one of our Lord's favorite maxims (Luke xviii.14; Matt. xxiii.12). Both man and God look upon humiliation as the just punishment of pride; but it is a pleasure to every right-minded spirit to give joy to the humble by showing him respect and honor.] 12 And he said to him also that had bidden him, When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy brethren, nor thy kinsmen, nor rich neighbors; lest haply they also bid thee again, and a recompense be made thee.13 But when thou makest a feast, bid the poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind: 14 and thou shalt be blessed; for they have not wherewith to recompense thee: for thou shalt be recompensed in the resurrection of the just. [According to the Oriental mode of speech Jesus here emphatically commands one course of action by prohibiting a contrary course. But his prohibition is not to be construed strictly. He does not forbid the exercise of social hospitality, but discountenances that interested form of it which seeks a return. His teaching is positive rather than negative, and should constrain us to live more for charity and less for sociability. Some think that this verse teaches that there shall be two resurrections, but the contrast is not between two times, but rather between two parties or divisions of one resurrection. If one has part in the resurrection of the just, he may expect recompense for his most trivial act. But if he be resurrected among the unjust, he need expect no reward, even for the most meritorious deeds of his whole life.] 15 And when one of them that sat at meat with him heard these things, he said unto him, Blessed is he that shall eat bread in the kingdom of God. [The language of Christ implied that God himself would feast those who feasted the poor, and this implication accorded with the Jewish notion that the kingdom of God would be ushered in with a great festival. Inspired by this thought, and feeling confident that he should have been part of the festivities, this guest exclaimed upon the anticipated blessedness.] 16 But he said unto him, A certain man made a great supper; and he bade many: 17 And he sent forth his servant at supper time to say to them that were bidden, Come; for all things are now ready. [The custom of sending a second invitation at the supper hour is a very old one ( Esth. v.8; vi.14), and is still observed.] 18 And they all with one consent began to make excuse. The first said unto him, I have bought a field, and I must needs go out and see it; I pray thee have me excused.19 And another said, I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to prove them; I pray thee have me excused.20 And another said, I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come. [These three excuses show: 1. That the guests had made their engagements, either for business or pleasure, without the least regard for the hour of the banquet; 2. That they set little value upon either the friendship or the feast of the one who had invited them. Moreover, the excuses progress in disrespect, for the first excuse is on the ground of necessity, the second simply offers a reason, and the third is almost impudent in its bluntness. Viewing the excuses spiritually, we note that each one contains an element of newness -- new field, new oxen, new wife. Thus the things of the earth seem new and sweet in comparison with the gospel invitation. Again, all the excuses are trifling, for the parable is intended to teach that men forego their rights to heaven for trifles. Again, the "sacred hate" of Luke xiv.25, 26 would have eliminated all these excuses. Possibly Paul had this parable in mind when he wrote I. Cor. vii.29-33. The three excuses warn us not to be hindered by 1. the love of possessions; 2. the affairs of business; 3. Our social ties.] 21 And the servant came, and told his lord these things. Then the master of the house being angry said to his servant, Go out quickly into the streets and lanes of the city, and bring in hither the poor and maimed and blind and lame.22 And the servant said, Lord, what thou didst command is done, and yet there is room.23 And the lord said to the servant, Go out into the highways and hedges, and constrain them to come in, that my house may be filled.24 For I say unto you, that none of those men that were bidden shall taste of my supper. [We have a preliminary or general invitation followed by three special invitations. We may regard the general invitation as given by Moses and the prophets in the ages before the feast was prepared. Then the first special one would be given by John the Baptist and Christ to the Jewish nation in the first stages of Christ's ministry. The second special invitation was given by Christ, the twelve and the seventy, and came more especially to the poor and outcast, the publicans and sinners, because the leading men of the nation spurned the invitation. The third invitation was begun by the apostles after the Lord's ascension and is still borne forward by those who have come after them and includes all nations. The three conditions of Jew, outcast and Gentiles are indicated by the three orders of guests: 1. The honorable citizens of the city; 2. Those who frequent the streets and lanes, but are still in and out of the city; 3. Those who live without the city and are found upon the highways and in the hedgepaths of the vineyards and gardens. The second and third classes are depicted as needing to be constrained. This would be so, because they would hold themselves unworthy of the invitation. But they were to be constrained by moral and not by physical means ( Matt. xiv.22; II. Cor. xii.11; Gal. ii.14). Physical constraint would have been contrary to all custom, as well as impossible to one servant. Incidentally the parable shows the roominess of heaven and the largeness of divine hospitality, so that Bengel aptly observes, "Grace, no less than nature, abhors a vacuum."]


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Soon after killing a Muslim youth unconnected with uploading indecorous morphed pictures of late Shiv Sena patriarch Bal Thackeray and Maratha icon Chhatrapati Shivaji on Facebook, his alleged killers, belonging to a Hindu extremist outfit, exchanged an ominous message on their mobiles. The message said, 'Pahili wicket padli', which means: The first wicket has fallen.
This message was circulated by members of the Hindu Rashtra Sena who have been accused of killing 28-year-old IT graduate Mohsin Sadiq Shaikh during Monday's protests over the morphed pictures, which were taken off the social networking site on Friday.
"The message was circulated immediately after about 25 members of the Hindu extremist outfit allegedly bludgeoned Shaikh to death," said Pune joint commissioner of police Sanjay Kumar.
Considering the content of the message exchanged by the accused and the weapons they were carrying, the police are probing whether the attack was planned in advance.
Shaikh, sporting a beard and green Pathani kurta, was returning home in the evening when the accused blocked his way in Hadapsar on the outskirts of Pune, took him off his bike and hit him on the head with hockey sticks and stones.
This sparked tension in the area, forcing the police to clamp curfew for 12 hours. Shaikh's cousin, who was accompanying him, escaped unhurt after he fled from the spot while the two others, Ameen Shaikh, 30, and Ijaz Yusuf Bagwan, 25, sustained injuries.
The police said the protesters had gathered in the area following rumours that Shivaji's statue had been desecrated and a Hindu girl had been raped.
Within 24 hours of the killing, the police arrested 13 persons of whom seven have been charged with murder. Among those arrested but not yet charged with murder include Hindu Rashtra Sena chief Dhananjay Desai. The police first recovered one of the bikes used in the attack, based on which the other accused were arrested.
On Wednesday, a local court remanded all the accused to police custody till June 9.
Rashtra Sena chief Desai has a criminal background, with cases such as rioting and extortion registered against him in different police stations in the city. The organisation he heads has been in existence for a decade.


Here are a couple of reference for the background on the topic http://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2010/apr/13/the-question-why-is-offside-law-genius and the book ''Inverting the Pyramid'' Chapter 19.
They both talk about the 2005 FIFA amendment to the ofsside rule contributing to stretching the game.
Specifically they imply the following.
The amendment means the offside player must touch the ball of block a defender for the referee to call the offside foul.
I don't get that second bullet. Yes the foul is not called until the attacker goes and touched the ball, but how is that going to stop the defenders from applying the offside trap? A team would still play a high defensive line and make sure the target of the long pass is offside. All that changes now is that a foul is not called, but the attacker is still out of the play because he was offside. So why would any team be discouraged from using the offside trap?
I think this article is a bit of a stretch.
As correctly mentioned in the article, only players who play/touch the ball, or touch/block the line of sight of an opponent are now punished for being in an offside position.
This primarily prevents play being stopped because an irrelevant attacker is slow getting back onside, or an attacker on the opposite side is offside nowhere near the ball.
However, it doesn't stop players using the offside trap. What it does mean though, that all players running through need to be tracked by the defence, instead of the defenders stopping running and lazily throwing the hand up and expecting the irrelevant player to be called for offside.
If there are no runners coming through, or the pass goes to one of the trapped players, the trap is still very easy and doesn't require the defence to quickly pick up onside players after stepping up.
In this video, one year after the 2005 change, you can see the Dutch national team still effectively apply an offside trap. All five runners are trapped and two of them end up playing it and an offside offence is called. This would have still worked higher up the field, not just in the penalty area (provided other attackers running through were tracked by the defence).
An attacking forward is even with the second-last defender. Another attacking player, in the same general area as the forward, is several steps behind (onside, not offside) the second-last defender, and is running forward. The attacking team is about to play the ball forward.
Prior to the 2005 rule change: The second-last defender steps up, putting the attacking forward in an offside position. When the attacking team plays the ball forward, the offside offense is called.
After the 2005 rule change: If the second-last defender steps up, putting the attacking forward in an offside position just as the attacking team plays the ball forward, the attacking forward will choose not to interfere with the play. Offside will not be called. Play continues, with the second attacking player continuing to run forward (presumably to the ball). He now has a great attacking opportunity since the ball has already been played forward for him, and the second-last defender is one step further away from the goal, and moving in the wrong direction. Therefore, in this situation, the second-last defender will not step up to force the attacking forward into an offside position.
Since the second-last defender will not step up to force a player into an offside position in this situation, and since the attacking team can create this situation fairly easily, the defense does not have much incentive to play a high defensive line.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged rules football officiating strategy tactics or ask your own question.
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Last week, I had the chance to visit our last year's school, KCAPA, for their back-to-school night. I was headed there after work and it was definitely a long day. When I got there, however, I found that I couldn't help but smile when I ran into our students from last year and heard the impact that the AYA Project had on them. One student told me excitedly how she had continued to write songs all summer and was finding so much joy in the process. Another told me that her mentor had just reached out to her that week to get together and continue their relationship. And one of our shyest students came to tell me that she was trying out for a solo in her choir for the first time.
None of this is to brag about what "we've" done. Truthfully, our program does nothing more than provide our students with the resources and opportunities that every young person deserves. Sadly, budget cuts, standardized tests, and disinvestment in arts education have left many of our youth without those opportunities. In Philadelphia, only 50% of schools have ANY music programming, and almost none offer instruction or support for original songwriting. In our own small way, we are trying to change that dynamic and tell our students that their voices matter and their dreams are within their reach. And based on the words of our students themselves, I really and truly believe that it is working. Thank you all for being a part of this journey and helping to turn dreams into reality (for both me and the students)!!


Ok well maybe not just for me. But ages ago the lovely Flood came to the town of the Bean and the Cod and decided to make dinner for me, the Evil Twin, and the FBiL.
This dinner was meant as a thank you to the ET for hosting the Lovely Flood and I was included because, well, frankly I will never turn down a great dinner.
And what a delicious dinner it was.
Especially since I didn't have to cook a single thing!
Ah, the best dinners are the ones that are cooked for you. I saw the lovely Flood recently and she mentioned that she'd been out lately having martinis to toast your late Grandpa. Proper order too.


Wooden pallet you beauty, you have served us in every field of life in a great manner. We literally owe you. These pallets come in a variety of sizes and shapes. But who knew they are going to make us that happy. They are going to provide us with a whole range of wooden pallet furniture items and other beautification plans. So after some brain storming, an idea stuck in mind. Today we are going to used these buddies in sign boards, yes you heard it right. Some decent signboards out of wooden pallets.
Now comes the matter why signboards? Well, on a lighter note you just can not appoint one person on the job to keep directing people about something whether it is a road or you want to send them to your café. So a sign board is something that gets your job done very effectively. These sign boards play an important role in our life. Sometimes on highways they tell us where to go, and some times on town roads they direct us where exactly our favorite pizza café is located. So using wooden pallets in signboards would be a smart plan to work on.
Just to let you guys know about the importance of sign boards, here is a demonstration showing a wooden pallet sign board recycled with pallet wood. This sign board is signaling towards some restaurant that was established in year 2012. Just imagine, how would it look if you install same king of sign board on your main or front door carrying your name???
Certainly a great plan. Here in this specific sign board made with wooden pallet, silhouette art is used. But you can make it even simple. And to make this, you just have to join a number of cut to size wooden pallet planks and nail and glue them up.


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In Fairytale Mosaics: Cinderella 2, an amusing puzzle game, you'll take part in the preparations for the royal wedding!
At the previous ball the prince proposed to Cinderella and she said "yes"! It's time to prepare the ultimate wedding checklist! Assemble colorful puzzles and learn what is needed to host a first-class marriage ceremony.
Cinderella's repulsive sisters and the queen herself will do their best to ruin everything. Keep an eye on them, too! Play Fairytale Mosaics: Cinderella 2 free!
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