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Why Africa is massaging the back of Christianity
November 15, 2018 at 09:30 am | Opinions & Features
Sika-Ayiwa Afriyie Safo | Contributor
Sika-Ayiwa Afriyie Safo is an African writer, poet and storyteller from Ghana. She is passionate about telling African stories from the African perspective, with an utmost focus on cultural and social issues. Sika is in love with food, books, music and fashion.
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Africa is predominantly Christian, with Sub-Saharan Africa "dominating with about 62.9%." According to research conducted by the Pew Research Centre, "Africa is among the three places in the world" where prayer among Christians is a daily bread.
About four to five Christians in Nigeria, Liberia, Senegal, Cameroon and Chad admit they pray every day. This shows the level of commitment Christian Africans repose in their faith. To some, religion is even more important than their very existence as humans. To others, Christianity and prayers can always take up the role of family and loved ones in a social setting.
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One of the reasons accounting for this swell in the number of Africans committed to the Christian faith is colonialism. Colonialism attained a considerable degree of success with much ease because it used the Christian religion.
Citing Jan H. Boer, the Nigerian historian and professor, Toyin Falola states that "Colonialism is a form of imperialism based on a divine mandate and designed to liberation… by sharing the blessings of a Christ-inspired civilization of the West with a people suffering under satanic oppression, ignorance and disease…"
Christianity in Africa did not come to save Africans as it promised. Rather, it was a brutal force which sought to impose upon the unassuming African the capricious wills and aspirations of the colonial master. It was a force used to promote the Western agenda, since the colonizers were mainly Western. In effect, the conscience of the Black African was changed to detest everything African and uphold all things Western.
Carl Max couldn't have said it any better when he said: "Religion is the opium of the people." The hopelessness of the African economy also contributes to the high numbers of Africans who are blinded by Christianity. Because the economy is hard, the people are pushed to embracing anything and everything which appears to shield them from the hardship, anything which promises hope. They then tend to find solace in the teachings of the Bible in which there are stories of how the later is greater for those who serve the Lord with all their sweat and their tears, with all their blood and their hard earned money.
In trying to find a purpose in life, most Africans invest all their time in prayers and spend a considerable amount of time attending church and religious programs. Africans who worship in a church at least once a week number about 60% of its Christian population. "Ethiopia has the world's most committed Christians, with 98% saying their faith is very important to them", according to research. This is as a result of the African's quest to finding hope in life.
The lack of education among Africans is a contributing factor to this swell in the number of Africans most committed to the Christian way of life. The early teachings of the colonialists in colonial Africa was not a form of education, but merely a form of literacy which has followed on as a curse for centuries.
The establishment of missionary schools was only to reinforce the suppression of the African religion. So, while the land was being taken away from the people, the missionaries appeared with open bibles to teach the people ideologies which drifted them apart from their African teachings which would have incited them to fight for what they believed in. The lack of education on the true and proper interpretation of the African way of life is a major reason for the swell in numbers.
Africans need a reorientation on Africa, not just as a continent, but as a way of life. It is only through this that the letter and spirit of the true African society will shine through to give the people liberation, hope and an identity.
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Cricket Prediction – Bijapur takes on Warriors in a Crucial Encounter Sept 1, 2018
August 27, 2018 August 27, 2018 indiabet 323 Views 0 Comments
Bijapur Bulls vs Mysuru Warriors Info:
Date of match: Sept 1, 2018
Time of Match: 14:00 IST
Location of Match: Srikantadatta Narasimha Raja Wadiyar Ground, Mysore
Format: T20
Stage: Group Stage
Tournament: Karnataka Premier League
Team A: Bijapur Bulls
Team B: Mysuru Warriors
Team A Captain: Bharath Chipli
Team B Captain: Jagadish Suchith
In the last few games played between the two sides both the teams have shared the honour so far. While Bijapur managed to beat the Warriors in the first couple of games, in the last couple of games Warriors have managed to get on top. This shows there is nothing much to choose between the two sides. Especially at this stage in the competition, every team will look to seal their playoff spot.
In the tournament so far, both the teams have had the mixed fortunes, while the Mysuru Warriors began the tournament in style by winning their first game against Belagavi Panthers by 7 wickets. They lost their second game by a whisker, by the margin of 3 runs against one of the in-form side of the tournament, Hubli Tigers.
Bijapur Bulls, on the other hand, looked short of form in their first game in the tournament, they made a mediocre 128 runs against the Hubli Tigers and eventually lost the game by 4 wickets. The finalist of the last year got off to a bad start where neither they could post a big total on the board nor they looked like defending the total they posted on the board.
In their second game in the tournament, their bowlers did a fine job of restricting Bellary Tuskers to 152. However, despite getting to a good start with the bat they had to struggle with the rest of their batting. The welcome exception was KN Bharath who scored a fine half-century in the second game and kept the bulls throughout the game and ultimately won them the game on his own by a fine knock of 72 runs off just 46 balls.
For Mysuru Warriors, however, they should have won both of their opening games. In the first game, they gave a thoroughly professional performance with bat and ball. They restricted Bellary Tuskers to 145 and chased it down easily by 7 wickets. In the second game, however, their bowlers couldn't quite contain the Hubli Tigers to a par score, they had to chase down a big total of 182.
While chasing the total they got off to a poor start and at one stage they were 108 for 6 but they made a comeback post that thanks to a fabulous knock by S Manager who scored a quickfire 58 off 31 runs. In the end, they fell short by just 3 runs. Warriors are still in a fine position and they would look to come back after a close finish.
The Karnataka Premier League will now enter its crucial stage. There are just 5 games remaining to be played before the semi-finals which are scheduled to be played on 4th and 5th September. To add to the pressure further there are games remaining to be played which were scheduled to be played earlier on 24th and 25th August. These games had to be re-scheduled to be played on 1st September. The first of these games is between the Bijapur Bulls and Mysuru Warriors.
BIJAPUR BULLS STARTING LINEUP
SA Bhavane
Bharath Chipli
M Kaunain Abbas
KN Bharath
KL Shrijith
SN Raju
MG Naveen
RG More
KP Appanna
KC Cariappa
Z Farooqi
MYSURU WARRIORS STARTING LINEUP
A Arjun Hoysala
RR Bhatkal
Amit Verma
S Manager
Jagadish Suchith
KV Siddharth
NP Bhareth
S Sharath
SP Manjunath
VV Kumar
PA Jain
STATISTIC PREDICTION
Teams batting second are more likely to win the games in T20 as shown by Bijapur Bulls in their last game. Teams would like to do the same in this game as well especially with the rain around.
MATCH CONDITIONS AND PITCH
BETRALLY INDIA`S PREDICTION
It will be close call as both the teams look quite similar at this stage. However, purely based on their last game we are going with Bijapur Bulls as our team for this game. Mysuru Warriors, however, aren't too far behind either and if they can correct their mistakes of the game again the Hubli Tigers we might be in for a thriller.
Who will Win? – Bijapur Bulls
Top Batsman (Runs Scored) – 50+, Bharath Chipli
Top Bowler (Wickets taken) – 3, KC Cariappa
Most Sixes – Bharath Chipli
Bet Now and Win!
← Battle resumes in KPL as Belagavi takes on Shivamogga
Prediction – Hubli Tigers take on Blasters in the clash of two best teams →
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March 22, 2019 Saurav Comments Off on Cricket Prediction Indian Premier League – Chennai Super Kings vs Royal Challengers Bangalore – Defending champions CSK take on RCB in the first game

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package org.monarchinitiative.phenotefx.gui;

import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Alert;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.control.TextArea;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
import javafx.scene.layout.Region;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Modality;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

/**
 * This is a convenience class that creates windows to report errors of various kinds.
 * @author Peter Robinson
 * @version 0.1.2 (2017-11-09)
 */
public class ErrorDialog {

    public static void display(String title, String message) {

        Stage window = new Stage();
        window.initModality(Modality.APPLICATION_MODAL);
        window.setTitle(title);

        window.setWidth(Math.max(400,Region.USE_PREF_SIZE));
        Label label = new Label();
        label.setText(message);
        label.setStyle(
                "-fx-border-color: lightblue; "
                        + "-fx-font-size: 14;"
                        + "-fx-border-insets: -5; "
                        + "-fx-border-radius: 5;"
                        + "-fx-border-style: dotted;"
                        + "-fx-border-width: 2;"
                        + "-fx-alignment: top-left;"
                        + "-fx-text-fill: red;"
        );

        Button button = new Button("OK");

        button.setOnAction(e -> {
            e.consume();
            window.close();
        });

        VBox layout = new VBox(10);
        layout.setPadding(new Insets(10, 50, 50, 50));

        layout.getChildren().addAll(label, button);
        layout.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
        Scene scene = new Scene(layout);
        window.setScene(scene);
        window.showAndWait();
    }

    public static void displayException(String title, String message, Exception e) {
        TextArea textArea = new TextArea(e.toString());
        textArea.setEditable(false);
        textArea.setWrapText(true);
        Label label = new Label("The exception stacktrace was:");

        textArea.setMinSize(Region.USE_PREF_SIZE,Region.USE_PREF_SIZE);
        GridPane.setVgrow(textArea, Priority.ALWAYS);
        GridPane.setHgrow(textArea, Priority.ALWAYS);

        GridPane expContent = new GridPane();
        expContent.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
        expContent.add(label, 0, 0);
        expContent.add(textArea, 0, 1);

        Alert alert = new Alert(Alert.AlertType.ERROR);
        alert.setTitle("Exception Dialog");
        alert.setHeaderText(title);
        alert.setContentText(message);

        // Set expandable Exception into the dialog pane.
        alert.getDialogPane().setExpandableContent(expContent);
        alert.getDialogPane().setMinHeight(Region.USE_PREF_SIZE);
        alert.getDialogPane().setMinWidth(Region.USE_PREF_SIZE);
        alert.showAndWait();
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We'll help you get through this, together. We cover many topics that address the many different stages of divorce that you may be experiencing right now. Our series of workshops cover various topics such as those listed below. Let us help you heal & have the breakthrough that you deserve.


In 1997, Sandy Chilewich founded Chilewich based on her experience choosing materials for HUE legwear. Her first products were the Raybowls and Ray Tray, using stretchable, breathable mesh for produce storage. During that design process, Chilewich came across woven vinyl. Impressed by that material's durability and design versatility, Chilewich introduced her first collection of vinyl floormats, tablemats and totes in 2000.
In 2001, she and husband Joe Sultan came up with "plynyl", woven vinyl specially constructed with a commercial grade backing for infinite contract applications. And they've never looked back.
Who'd have thought that vinyl could be so fashionable? The seamless, creative weaves and colors of vinyl strands continuously devised by Chilewich create textiles that are just as beautiful as they are durable (and easy to clean). And the variety of patterns appears to be endless, ranging from the traditional basketweave to pressed, spun and lattice patterns. The pattern and the color of the faux boix collection is so realistic, the placemats look like genuine cuts of wood. Quite simply, the line of Chilewich placemats, runners, rugs and other textiles add an unexpected element of style to entertaining and everyday dining.
With the exception of the pressed and faux bois patterns and napkin ring collections, all Sandy Chilewich products are made exclusively in the US.
The Basketweave pattern is perpetually the most popular one offered by Chilewich. The versatility of the pattern combined with an ever-evolving palette of colors means it will never go out of style. Meanwhile, the pressed vinyl technique blooms with the Dahlia collection.


Candy Wreath ~fun and easy to make. If you can tie your shoes you can make a wreath, with these simple to follow instructions.
Thinking of you wreath to send to your college student, to let them know you are thinking of them during finals week.
I chose to make my candy wreath to send to my son at college for Halloween. I also made one for my nephew who is also celebrating his 21st birthday close to Halloween! They can hang them in their apartments they are decorated for Halloween and can share with friends when they come over.
Easy Decoration for young guys who probably did not think about or care about decorating.
Cut 5/8" wide ribbon 28-30 inches long to make hanger.
Fold in half and tie knot to make a loop for hanging. Fasten the ends to the wire form by hot gluing and then I also stapled for additional support.
Next I wove remainder of ribbon around the frame and glued ends together. I did this so as the candy is removed the wreath does not look so bare.
Cut the orange and black curling ribbon to about 15'long (depending on the size of your candy).
You will need one for each piece of candy, so cut a lot!
Tie on the candy! You can start anywhere depending on the candy that you have, I started at the bottom and worked my way half way up the sides with Smarties.
Next I layered the candy starting with large lolly pops on the bottom so other larger on top would help hold them down, then alternated additional candy on top.
You will want to tie so that the candy can be removed by just untying the ribbon. I tied the string to the frame then tied the candy onto that.
For candy like the smarties where you are tying around a small area; I first tied to the wire frame then tied the bow on top of the candy, so when the string is pulled candy is released.
On the larger candy I tied the ribbon to the frame then tied like tying a shoe around them for more support.
Hold the wreath up by the hanger occasionally while tying on the candy to make sure it is hanging the way you want it and secure.
Add a bow to the top and you are finished.
Have fun and be as creative as you want with this candy wreath.
You can easily change the color scheme with a different ribbon and bow you can make this a birthday, graduation, or congratulation wreath.


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Investor Navigation
Context Therapeutics® and Jefferson Health Announce First Patient Dosed in Phase 2 Trial of ONA-XR in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
-- Trial Will Evaluate Progesterone Receptor ONA-XR in Combination with Antiestrogen to Determine Potential of Complete Hormone Blockade on Endometrial Cancer Outcomes --
PHILADELPHIA, PA—May 12, 2021—Context Therapeutics, a women's oncology company developing advanced small molecule and immunotherapy treatments to transform care for hormone-driven breast and gynecological cancers, and the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center – Jefferson Health, today announced the first patient has been dosed in the Phase 2 ONWARD 221 trial in patients with metastatic endometrial cancer.
The trial, sponsored by Jefferson Health, is a clinical collaboration between Context and Jefferson Health's Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center (SKCC) to evaluate the effect of the addition of progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist onapristone extended release (ONA-XR) to the antiestrogen, anastrozole, on outcomes for patients with metastatic endometrial cancer who have failed prior therapy. ONA-XR is an orally-administered full antagonist of the PR, a key unchecked mechanism in women's cancers. ONA-XR is currently being evaluated in ongoing Phase 2 clinical trials in hormone-driven breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers.
"The majority of endometrial cancer patients have hormone-driven cancer. Both estrogen and progesterone drive progression in those patients, and antiestrogens, most often anastrozole, have proven, albeit limited, activity," said Russell Schilder, MD, Co-Principal Investigator and Director of the Gynecologic Medical Oncology Program at SKCC. "We will evaluate whether combining anastrozole with ONA-XR will achieve more complete hormone blockade compared with anastrozole alone, which may lead to better outcomes for patients."
The trial will enroll up to 25 patients who express the ER and/or PR biomarker (ER+ &/or PR+) and who have received prior chemotherapy treatment. The primary endpoint will be overall response rate (ORR), which is the proportion of patients who have either a complete or partial response. Secondary endpoints will include duration of response, clinical benefit rate and progression-free survival (PFS). In addition, the trial will evaluate the safety and pharmacological profile, as well as biomarker analyses to explore predictive factors of response to complete hormone blockade to inform additional ongoing Phase 2 trials of ONA-XR and a planned future Phase 3 trial.
"Context is humbled by the support and enthusiasm of Dr. Schilder and his colleagues at SKCC, one of the premier gynecologic oncology programs in the country based right here in Philadelphia," said Martin Lehr, CEO of Context Therapeutics. "Patients with advanced endometrial cancer currently have limited therapeutic options. Recent preclinical and Phase 1 data give us reason to believe ONA-XR can make a powerful addition to the current standard of care in hormone-driven endometrial cancer. Together, we look forward to exploring the potential of this combination to improve the lives of patients with this devastating disease."
For more information on the trial, visit https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04719273 or https://sidneykimmelcancercenter.jeffersonhealth.org/research.html#trials-listing?trial=15031.
About Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States with an incidence that continues to increase each year. More than 60,000 women were diagnosed with endometrial cancer in 2018 and this disease contributes to more than 10,000 deaths annually. Unopposed estrogen production and obesity are the most common risk factors for the development of endometrial cancer. The majority of patients with recurrent endometrial cancer have limited therapeutic options and the development of second-line therapies that result in improved response is an unmet clinical need.
About Onapristone Extended Release
ONA-XR (onapristone extended release) is a potent and specific antagonist of the progesterone receptor (PR) that is orally administered. Currently, there are no approved therapies that selectively target PR+ cancers. Preliminary preclinical and clinical data suggest that ONA-XR has anticancer activity by inhibiting progesterone receptor binding to chromatin, downregulating cancer stem cell mobilization and blocking immune evasion. ONA-XR is currently being evaluated in three Phase 2 clinical trials and one Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in PR+ breast, ovarian and endometrial cancers, as well as in two Phase 0 biomarker pharmacodynamic trials in breast cancer. ONA-XR is an investigational drug that has not been approved for marketing by any regulatory authority.
About Context Therapeutics®
Context Therapeutics Inc., is a women's oncology company developing advanced small molecule and immunotherapy treatments to transform care for hormone-driven breast and gynecological cancers. The company's robust clinical program for lead candidate onapristone extended release (ONA-XR) comprises three Phase 2 clinical trials and one Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in hormone-driven breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer, as well as two Phase 0 biomarker pharmacodynamic trials in breast cancer. ONA-XR is a novel, first-in-class small molecule under development as a complete antagonist of the progesterone receptor, a key unchecked mechanism in hormone-driven women's cancers. Context is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA. For more information, visit www.contexttherapeutics.com.
About the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center – Jefferson Health
The National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center – Jefferson Health (SKCC) is a nationally recognized center for practice-changing discovery and comprehensive cancer treatment, offering a depth and breadth of experience in all aspects of cancer from the laboratory to the clinic. Our mission is to improve the lives of cancer patients and their families through compassion, innovation, and breakthrough discoveries. For more information, visit sidneykimmelcancercenter.jeffersonhealth.org.
Heather Anderson
6 Degrees Commnications
handerson@6degreespr.com
© 2022 Context Therapeutics, Inc. All rights reserved.


Meet and connect with founders and their teams at Startup Showcase and be inspired by what's being built in our community.
We're clearing the floor of Boulder Theater for an expo-style afternoon with plenty of room to visit with companies from the current Techstars class, Techstars alumni, teams from Startup Weekend, and other community-driven companies. They'll be sharing their journeys and products, answering questions and gathering feedback.
Feel free to stop in between 3:30 - 5:30; can add to your Sched but no RSVP required.


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A Sri Lankan Airlines plane travelling from Colombo to Heathrow was forced to make an emergency landing at Stansted Airport in London, police said.
Two men were arrested on suspicion of endangering the A330 Airbus which was carrying 267 passengers and crew. Essex Police boarded the aircraft shortly after 19:30 BST and arrested the pair.
The remaining passengers were taken to a reception centre and were due to be transferred to Heathrow. A spokesman for Stansted said: "A Sri Lankan Airlines Airbus A330 diverted into Stansted at approximately 19.30 this evening [Friday].
"The aircraft, which was flying from Colombo to Heathrow, landed safely with Essex Police in attendance. "The airport is open and flights are arriving and departing as normal." A spokesman for Essex Police said: "Officers boarded the aircraft and arrested two men on suspicion of endangering an aircraft. "The passengers have been removed safely. Enquiries are ongoing."


heating of the plates and rolls made by forced thermal oil circulation.
cooled plates and rolls in contact with the belts, situated in the last part of the module.
of calender and oven, the material is ALWAYS under compression.
adjustable from a central control board.
It is more than 20 years that Bombi Meccanica developed his double belt press to be used in various applications.
Recently we have upgraded our model to meet specific requests into pads making for automotive industries.
These pads are generally made by a blend of Kenaf or Hemp fiber and PP, formed with air lay system and needle punched.
With a weight of 1500-1800 gsm , they result with a thickness of 15-18mm around.
The solution is to use a double belt press just after the needling process to reduce the thickness of the felt till 3-5mm.
precise product as it is much more dimensionally stable.
center of the machine where a double calender block the felt definitely and push it into the cooling area.
and double calender assure optimum thickness control on the final product.
extremely expensive wood production line. Lamination of two or more felts without any chemicals, just using the fibers.
containing fusible fibers or fusible material into rigid boards that can then be used in various applications.
however small the quantities are.
Compressing of polyester thermobonded webs, in blend with bico, to produce sound insulation boards.
Laminating of shoddy felt with a polyethylen foil, to produce a protective felt for painting.
-To re-use shredded waste carpet and turn it into rigid boards, finding new life from waste.
-Can be used in any possible way to transform a low cost web\pad\waste into an high added value technical end-product.
-For lamination of multiple layers of felts or composite materials, or Melt one layer of polyethylen film on the web.
-For melting and compress the scattered powder alone, or on top of felt\wadding, or in sandwich between 2 felts.
-To produce marble-like panels out of waste fibers\particles. The panels could be hard as stone.


text:
The capital of the United Kingdom is a thriving multicultural metropolis. The contrast between the spectacular historic sights and the lively cultural scene makes a visit to London an interesting and exciting adventure. Wander through St. James park, visit Westminster Abbey, explore the streets of Shoreditch, and take a ride up the River Thames. London's incredible shopping, endless sights, friendly locals, and vibrant nightlife offer something for every kind of traveler. Here's my ultimate London travel guide with all my tips for planning your trip to England!
What to Expect in London
London is one of the more expensive European capitals, so be prepared!
Language: English is by far the most spoken language in the city.
Currency: The British Pound, which is usually exchanged at around 1.65 US Dollars per pound.
Credit Cards and Banks: ATMs are commonplace in almost every shopping street, with several bureau de change around the city center, with almost every retailer accepting Mastercard and Visa.
Climate: The climate is generally mild, with temperatures rarely climbing uncomfortably high or low, although it is worth carrying an umbrella or raincoat throughout the year.
Cold season: From December to February, temperatures are usually a few degrees above freezing.
Warm season: Between June and August, the summer temperatures are still comfortable with highs rarely going above 25 degrees Celsius.
Getting Around in London
London is separated into many different boroughs and neighborhoods; each offering a unique flavor of the city! The most popular areas worth visiting are:
Covent Garden: Covent Garden is one of the most popular areas of the city with some of the best theaters. Neal Street is a shoe lover's paradise with a series of shops catering to every sole.
SoHo: A vibrant and exciting part of the city that is home to an amazing range of pubs, jazz and blues bars and the heart of London's gay scene. This is where many of the fashion forward residents of the city come to party.
Kensington + Chelsea: This borough is home to some of London's most posh shops and luxurious residents. It's also home to Notting Hill which has become an up-and-coming, trendy neighborhood.
Camden: Famous for being the alternative center of London where hippies and punks tread the streets together. It is home to a lively mix of music venues, markets, eateries, tattoo parlors and boutiques.
The City of London: The City is actually only about a square mile in size, and is home to London's biggest skyscrapers and financial district.
Westminster: The tourist center of London, sights include the Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace and Westminster Abbey. Visitors can see the British Government in action by visiting the Strangers' Gallery at the House of Commons.
Shoreditch: Known as the creative hub of London's trendy East End. Come here for great food, nightlife, street art, and vintage shopping.
Helpful Tip: The Tube is great but sometimes the Tube map is deceptive and stations are actually a lot closer together than they look. There's a handy map with walking distances between stations that will help you decide whether it's worth the wait for the train or quicker to walk.
London is a big city and with all big cities has traffic, so getting between neighborhoods can take a bit of time.
The Tube: The best way to get around London is the Underground, or "the Tube." You can even take the Tube from Heathrow Airport (LHR) into the city center, which I would recommend. It is easy to navigate and you can get to all the sights you'll want to see. Be sure to buy an Oyster card that you can reload and use on both the Tube and city buses.
Bus: The city bus is a great way to see the sights while going from one place to another. Grab an Oyster card instead of worrying about exact change for the bus fare.
Taxis: London's "black cabs" are all over and run off a meter, but tend to be the most expensive form of transportation. Most accept credit cards!
Kennington B & B
This B&B is just a 2-minute walk from the Kennington tube station, and surrounded by great pubs and restaurants. The rooms are clean and comfortable, and offers a great breakfast to start your day!
Location: Kennington (across the Thames)
Accommodation: B&B
Claridge's
Claridge's has welcomed celebrities and royals alike since opening its doors in 1856. With stunning decor and a Michelin-starred restaurant on the property, this hotel screams opulence. If you're going to splurge, this is the place.
Location: Whitechapel
Accommodation: Luxury
Only minutes away from the Tower Bridge, the Tower of London and the City Hall, the hostel is an easy walk from the buzzing nightlife of Shoreditch. Formerly a seaman's hostel, the building features a huge bar, courtyard, common hangout area, and tons of amenities.
Accommodation: Hostel
Price Range: $
Aster House
Just a block and a half from the Kensington tube station, this luxury bed & breakfast is a comfortable, quiet and beautiful accommodation option. If you're looking for top-notch service, this is your place.
Location: Kensington
Accommodation: Luxury B&B
Astor Hyde Park Hostel
This hostel is central to many sights and in the upscale neighborhood of South Kensington, located next to Hyde Park. With a mix of dorm rooms and private ensuite rooms, there's an option for every budget traveler.
Location: Hyde Park
Just walking in the door you feel the sophistication of this property. Situated just four blocks from Buckingham Palace, it is known for the personalized details and over-the-top service. Not only does Hotel 41 offer 24-hour room service, it also provides personal butlers. It doesn't get more luxurious than this!
Location: Westminster
A great base for shopping and the sights of the city, the Corinthia Hotel has great views over the Thames and offers a modern designer's take on the luxury hotel.
Price Range: $$$$
This London gastropub has five beautifully designed bedrooms situated above their kitchen and lively pub on the ground floor. Clean, comfortable, and amazing aesthetics!
Accommodation: Mid-Range
Price Range: $-$$
My favorite markets are definitely the Borough Market (Southwark / Every Day but Sundays) which is the oldest and most renowned food market in Britain, and Brockley Market (Saint John's / Saturdays / Cash Only). Shoreditch's Boxpark is definitely worth a visit. Other great options are the Camden, Portobello and Maltby Markets.
Pizza Union Spitalfields (Cheap Eats)
London is a melting pot of cuisines from all over the world, and who doesn't love pizza? This Italian pizza bar serves thin crust, fire-baked pizzas all day. Eat in or grab some slices for take away!
Duck & Waffle (Fine Dining)
With amazing views over the city (from the 40th floor) and a lovely setting, the upmarket take on this English fry-up is well worth a try. They serve a very British menu all day long! They also just opened a new store in Piccadilly's St James' Market, Duck & Waffle Local (walk ins only), it is a more accessible and cheaper version of the original!
When to Go: Their brunch line up is amazing! Be sure to make a reservation ahead of time.
Beigel Bake (Cheap Eats)
Dubbed the Best Bagels in London, this Shoreditch gem is a must-go while in London. The bakery is opens 24 hours every day to serve its freshly-baked and filled bagels to everyone.
Mother Mash (Casual Dining)
This SoHo café takes a contemporary spin on the traditional pie and mash with freshly-made potatoes and choices of organic sausages, gourmet pies and tasty gravies!
London Shell Co (Fine Dining)
Come here if you want fabulous seafood and wine pairings all night long. The restaurant is actually a canal boat with 8 tables in Regent's Canal, so expect great service and scenery during your meal.
Humble Grape (Casual Dining)
This place is known for delicious food and a fun approach to wine. The wine bar is located in the City of London and known for outstanding service.
What to Order: Be sure to check out their Bottomless Prosecco Dinner!
The Tourist Sights
The classic must see sights while in London are Westminster Abbey, Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, and the Tower Bridge!
Pints at a Pub
While pub food might not be your thing, you can't leave London without visiting one of the historic pubs for a pint or two. Ye Old Cheshire Cheese (Smithfield) is one of the most iconic pubs, and worth a visit. You'll probably recognize the The Churchill Arms (in Notting Hill / Kensington) for it's flowered exterior (plus, it serves awesome Thai food). You can find more old-school and unpretentious pub experiences at The King's Arm (be sure it's the one in Bethnal Green), Mr. Fogg's Tavern (in Covent Garden), Coach & Horses (in SoHo), and the Culpeper gastropub.
Afternoon High Tea
High tea is a must while visiting London. Check out the most luxurious hotels in the city for the best spreads—my top choices are The Ritz London, Corinthia Hotel, The Dorchester or The Royal Horseguards Hotel.
Read More: Where to Find the Best Afternoon Tea in London
Visit Wilton's Music Hall
A stunning building that is the oldest of its kind in the world, this music hall hosts a wide range of events from classical music and theater to comedy and cabaret, all in an atmosphere that is truly unique.
Visit Museums + The British Library
The cultural highlights of London are highlighted in many free museums. The British Museum hosts world-famous exhibitions, while the Tate Modern shows the best of British and International Modern Art. The British Library offers huge collections of books in a series of reading rooms. My favorite? The Natural History Museum! With a regularly changing series of exhibitions, there is always something interesting to be discovered. Bonus: For those traveling on a budget, most of London's museums are free!
Book a Walking Tours
There are tons of guided tours that offer a colorful look at London's most famous landmarks. Plus, the tours are lead by a local, so you can get an inside look into the city and its history.
East London for Street Art
While Banksy may be Britain's most famous street art export, there are also a series of street art pieces situated in locations around East London, including the distinctive mushroom sculptures of Christiaan Nagel.
Having developed a reputation as the home of London's vintage boutiques, Shoreditch is now drawing its fair share of coffee shops and quirky fashion designers to supplement the shopping scene. Oxford Street, on the other hand, attracts most tourists looking for souvenirs! Harrod's is a world-class shopping scene and a must when you're in London.
Take a Thames Clipper Along the River
The Thames is an integral part of the city's identity and these Clipper boats take visitors past the Tower Bridge, historic sites and down to the iconic business district at Canary Wharf.
Warner Bros. Studio Tour London: The Making of Harry Potter
A must for any fan of the film series, this tour takes visitors through some of the most iconic locations seen in the Harry Potter franchise, from Dumbledore's office to the shops of Diagon Alley. Read More: Visiting the Harry Potter Studio Tour in London
Drinks at Shangri-La
Instead of spending an arm and leg to ride the London Eye, head to the bar at the Shangri-La Hotel At The Shard London for a more epic aerial view, all while sipping on some wine.
London's food markets are amazing. The most well-known market is the Borough Market, which has been in London for over 400 years and has tons of great foodie options. Other great markets are the Portobello Market (Notting Hill) and Old Spitalfields Market (East London), where you'll find everything from food, to antiques, to clothing. Plus, they are great for souvenirs!
Whether you're coming to London or leaving, there are airport, rail and bus options for you.
Heathrow Airport is the largest of London's airports and lies 20 miles (32km) west of central London. Getting from the airport to the city is easiest using the London Underground, or the Tube, Piccadilly line. If you prefer traveling above ground, the Heathrow Express train operates four non-stop trains per hour to and from Heathrow and Paddington Station.
Flying in or out of London through Gatwick airport? Check out my Helpful Tips for Flying in and out of London Gatwick!
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Tips for Traveling London on a Budget
Full of culture, history and class, London is at the top of many travelers' bucket lists. So, here are my tips to traveling London on a budget!
The Best Time to Travel to London
London is a dynamic city, home to a cosmopolitan population and a thriving cultural scene. Here's the best time to go to London by season!
Top 15 Things to Do in London
The most visited city in Europe this British city has all the charm and memorable sites to see. So, here are my picks for the top 15 things to do in London!
Tips for Visiting London's Borough Market
London is a delightful melting pot of cultures and influence from around the world, and London's Borough Market is a mecca for foodies you need to visit!
Visiting the Harry Potter Studio Tour in London
I knocked on the door of 4 Privet Drive and even got to drink a sweet glass of butterbeer! Take a look inside The Making of Harry Potter Studio Tour!
Helpful Tips for Flying In and Out of London Gatwick
Many people choose to fly in and out of London Gatwick as flight tickets can be a bit cheaper than Heathrow Airport- even if it's the same destination.
The Solo Female Traveler's Guide to London
London is full of culture, excitement, and that special British charm. Ready for the adventure of a lifetime? Don't miss my solo female guide to London.
Where to Find the Best Afternoon Tea in London
London's restaurants, hotels, and cafes are full of indulgent and decant experiences. Here's where to find the best afternoon tea in London!
The Best Day Trips From London
There are tons of amazing day trips from London! You can take the train to Brighton or Bath, visit Stonehenge, geek out at the Harry Potter Studio and more!


text:
1 Samuel 4-6
1 Samuel 31 Samuel 7
1 Samuel 4-6 New International Version (NIV)
4 And Samuel's word came to all Israel.
The Philistines Capture the Ark
Now the Israelites went out to fight against the Philistines. The Israelites camped at Ebenezer, and the Philistines at Aphek. 2 The Philistines deployed their forces to meet Israel, and as the battle spread, Israel was defeated by the Philistines, who killed about four thousand of them on the battlefield. 3 When the soldiers returned to camp, the elders of Israel asked, "Why did the Lord bring defeat on us today before the Philistines? Let us bring the ark of the Lord's covenant from Shiloh, so that he may go with us and save us from the hand of our enemies."
4 So the people sent men to Shiloh, and they brought back the ark of the covenant of the Lord Almighty, who is enthroned between the cherubim. And Eli's two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God.
5 When the ark of the Lord's covenant came into the camp, all Israel raised such a great shout that the ground shook. 6 Hearing the uproar, the Philistines asked, "What's all this shouting in the Hebrew camp?"
When they learned that the ark of the Lord had come into the camp, 7 the Philistines were afraid. "A god has[a] come into the camp," they said. "Oh no! Nothing like this has happened before. 8 We're doomed! Who will deliver us from the hand of these mighty gods? They are the gods who struck the Egyptians with all kinds of plagues in the wilderness. 9 Be strong, Philistines! Be men, or you will be subject to the Hebrews, as they have been to you. Be men, and fight!"
10 So the Philistines fought, and the Israelites were defeated and every man fled to his tent. The slaughter was very great; Israel lost thirty thousand foot soldiers. 11 The ark of God was captured, and Eli's two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, died.
Death of Eli
12 That same day a Benjamite ran from the battle line and went to Shiloh with his clothes torn and dust on his head. 13 When he arrived, there was Eli sitting on his chair by the side of the road, watching, because his heart feared for the ark of God. When the man entered the town and told what had happened, the whole town sent up a cry.
14 Eli heard the outcry and asked, "What is the meaning of this uproar?"
The man hurried over to Eli, 15 who was ninety-eight years old and whose eyes had failed so that he could not see. 16 He told Eli, "I have just come from the battle line; I fled from it this very day."
Eli asked, "What happened, my son?"
17 The man who brought the news replied, "Israel fled before the Philistines, and the army has suffered heavy losses. Also your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, are dead, and the ark of God has been captured."
18 When he mentioned the ark of God, Eli fell backward off his chair by the side of the gate. His neck was broken and he died, for he was an old man, and he was heavy. He had led[b] Israel forty years.
19 His daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant and near the time of delivery. When she heard the news that the ark of God had been captured and that her father-in-law and her husband were dead, she went into labor and gave birth, but was overcome by her labor pains. 20 As she was dying, the women attending her said, "Don't despair; you have given birth to a son." But she did not respond or pay any attention.
21 She named the boy Ichabod,[c] saying, "The Glory has departed from Israel"—because of the capture of the ark of God and the deaths of her father-in-law and her husband. 22 She said, "The Glory has departed from Israel, for the ark of God has been captured."
The Ark in Ashdod and Ekron
5 After the Philistines had captured the ark of God, they took it from Ebenezer to Ashdod. 2 Then they carried the ark into Dagon's temple and set it beside Dagon. 3 When the people of Ashdod rose early the next day, there was Dagon, fallen on his face on the ground before the ark of the Lord! They took Dagon and put him back in his place. 4 But the following morning when they rose, there was Dagon, fallen on his face on the ground before the ark of the Lord! His head and hands had been broken off and were lying on the threshold; only his body remained. 5 That is why to this day neither the priests of Dagon nor any others who enter Dagon's temple at Ashdod step on the threshold.
6 The Lord's hand was heavy on the people of Ashdod and its vicinity; he brought devastation on them and afflicted them with tumors.[d] 7 When the people of Ashdod saw what was happening, they said, "The ark of the god of Israel must not stay here with us, because his hand is heavy on us and on Dagon our god." 8 So they called together all the rulers of the Philistines and asked them, "What shall we do with the ark of the god of Israel?"
They answered, "Have the ark of the god of Israel moved to Gath." So they moved the ark of the God of Israel.
9 But after they had moved it, the Lord's hand was against that city, throwing it into a great panic. He afflicted the people of the city, both young and old, with an outbreak of tumors.[e] 10 So they sent the ark of God to Ekron.
As the ark of God was entering Ekron, the people of Ekron cried out, "They have brought the ark of the god of Israel around to us to kill us and our people." 11 So they called together all the rulers of the Philistines and said, "Send the ark of the god of Israel away; let it go back to its own place, or it[f] will kill us and our people." For death had filled the city with panic; God's hand was very heavy on it. 12 Those who did not die were afflicted with tumors, and the outcry of the city went up to heaven.
The Ark Returned to Israel
6 When the ark of the Lord had been in Philistine territory seven months, 2 the Philistines called for the priests and the diviners and said, "What shall we do with the ark of the Lord? Tell us how we should send it back to its place."
3 They answered, "If you return the ark of the god of Israel, do not send it back to him without a gift; by all means send a guilt offering to him. Then you will be healed, and you will know why his hand has not been lifted from you."
4 The Philistines asked, "What guilt offering should we send to him?"
They replied, "Five gold tumors and five gold rats, according to the number of the Philistine rulers, because the same plague has struck both you and your rulers. 5 Make models of the tumors and of the rats that are destroying the country, and give glory to Israel's god. Perhaps he will lift his hand from you and your gods and your land. 6 Why do you harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh did? When Israel's god dealt harshly with them, did they not send the Israelites out so they could go on their way?
7 "Now then, get a new cart ready, with two cows that have calved and have never been yoked. Hitch the cows to the cart, but take their calves away and pen them up. 8 Take the ark of the Lord and put it on the cart, and in a chest beside it put the gold objects you are sending back to him as a guilt offering. Send it on its way, 9 but keep watching it. If it goes up to its own territory, toward Beth Shemesh, then the Lord has brought this great disaster on us. But if it does not, then we will know that it was not his hand that struck us but that it happened to us by chance."
10 So they did this. They took two such cows and hitched them to the cart and penned up their calves. 11 They placed the ark of the Lord on the cart and along with it the chest containing the gold rats and the models of the tumors. 12 Then the cows went straight up toward Beth Shemesh, keeping on the road and lowing all the way; they did not turn to the right or to the left. The rulers of the Philistines followed them as far as the border of Beth Shemesh.
13 Now the people of Beth Shemesh were harvesting their wheat in the valley, and when they looked up and saw the ark, they rejoiced at the sight. 14 The cart came to the field of Joshua of Beth Shemesh, and there it stopped beside a large rock. The people chopped up the wood of the cart and sacrificed the cows as a burnt offering to the Lord. 15 The Levites took down the ark of the Lord, together with the chest containing the gold objects, and placed them on the large rock. On that day the people of Beth Shemesh offered burnt offerings and made sacrifices to the Lord. 16 The five rulers of the Philistines saw all this and then returned that same day to Ekron.
17 These are the gold tumors the Philistines sent as a guilt offering to the Lord—one each for Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, Gath and Ekron. 18 And the number of the gold rats was according to the number of Philistine towns belonging to the five rulers—the fortified towns with their country villages. The large rock on which the Levites set the ark of the Lord is a witness to this day in the field of Joshua of Beth Shemesh.
19 But God struck down some of the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh, putting seventy[g] of them to death because they looked into the ark of the Lord. The people mourned because of the heavy blow the Lord had dealt them. 20 And the people of Beth Shemesh asked, "Who can stand in the presence of the Lord, this holy God? To whom will the ark go up from here?"
21 Then they sent messengers to the people of Kiriath Jearim, saying, "The Philistines have returned the ark of the Lord. Come down and take it up to your town."
1 Samuel 4:7 Or "Gods have (see Septuagint)
1 Samuel 4:18 Traditionally judged
1 Samuel 4:21 Ichabod means no glory.
1 Samuel 5:6 Hebrew; Septuagint and Vulgate tumors. And rats appeared in their land, and there was death and destruction throughout the city
1 Samuel 5:9 Or with tumors in the groin (see Septuagint)
1 Samuel 5:11 Or he
1 Samuel 6:19 A few Hebrew manuscripts; most Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint 50,070
1 Samuel 4:1 : 1Sa 5:1; 7:12
1 Samuel 4:1 : Jos 12:18; 1Sa 29:1; 1Ki 20:26
1 Samuel 4:3 : Jos 7:7
1 Samuel 4:3 : S Jos 6:7
1 Samuel 4:3 : S Jos 18:1; S 1Sa 2:32
1 Samuel 4:3 : 2Ch 13:8
1 Samuel 4:4 : S Ge 3:24; S Ex 25:22
1 Samuel 4:5 : S Jos 6:5, 10
1 Samuel 4:6 : S Ge 14:13
1 Samuel 4:7 : S Ex 15:14
1 Samuel 4:8 : Ex 12:30; 1Sa 5:12
1 Samuel 4:8 : Rev 11:6
1 Samuel 4:9 : S Jdg 13:1
1 Samuel 4:10 : S Dt 28:25
1 Samuel 4:11 : Ps 78:64; Jer 7:12
1 Samuel 4:12 : Eze 24:26; 33:21
1 Samuel 4:12 : S Jos 7:6; S 2Sa 1:2
1 Samuel 4:13 : ver 18
1 Samuel 4:15 : S 1Sa 3:2
1 Samuel 4:17 : 1Sa 22:18; Ps 78:64
1 Samuel 4:17 : Ps 78:61
1 Samuel 4:18 : S Jdg 2:16; S 16:31
1 Samuel 4:18 : 1Sa 2:31
1 Samuel 4:21 : S Ge 35:18
1 Samuel 4:21 : S Ex 24:16; Ps 106:20; Jer 2:11; Eze 1:28; 9:3; 10:18
1 Samuel 4:22 : S Ex 24:16; Ps 78:61
1 Samuel 4:22 : Jer 7:12
1 Samuel 5:1 : S 1Sa 4:1
1 Samuel 5:1 : S Jos 11:22; S 13:3
1 Samuel 5:2 : S Jdg 16:23; Isa 2:18; 19:1; 46:1
1 Samuel 5:3 : Isa 40:20; 41:7; 46:7; Jer 10:4
1 Samuel 5:4 : Eze 6:6; Mic 1:7
1 Samuel 5:5 : Zep 1:9
1 Samuel 5:6 : S Ex 9:3; Ac 13:11
1 Samuel 5:6 : 2Sa 6:7; Ps 78:66
1 Samuel 5:6 : S Ex 15:26; 1Sa 6:5
1 Samuel 5:8 : S Jdg 16:18
1 Samuel 5:8 : S Jos 11:22
1 Samuel 5:10 : S Jos 13:3
1 Samuel 5:11 : ver 8
1 Samuel 6:2 : S Ex 7:11; S Isa 44:25
1 Samuel 6:3 : S Ex 22:29; S 34:20
1 Samuel 6:3 : S Lev 5:15
1 Samuel 6:3 : ver 9
1 Samuel 6:4 : S Jos 13:3
1 Samuel 6:4 : 2Sa 24:25
1 Samuel 6:5 : S 1Sa 5:6-11
1 Samuel 6:5 : S Jos 7:19; Rev 14:7
1 Samuel 6:6 : S Ex 4:21
1 Samuel 6:6 : Ex 10:2
1 Samuel 6:7 : 2Sa 6:3; 1Ch 13:7
1 Samuel 6:7 : S Nu 19:2
1 Samuel 6:9 : S Jos 15:10; 21:16
1 Samuel 6:13 : S Ge 30:14; Ru 2:23; 1Sa 12:17
1 Samuel 6:14 : 1Sa 11:7; 2Sa 24:22; 1Ki 19:21
1 Samuel 6:15 : Jos 3:3
1 Samuel 6:15 : Jos 21:16
1 Samuel 6:19 : 2Sa 6:7
1 Samuel 6:19 : S Ex 19:21
1 Samuel 6:20 : 2Sa 6:9; Ps 130:3; Mal 3:2; Rev 6:17
1 Samuel 6:20 : S Lev 11:45
1 Samuel 6:21 : S Jos 9:17


text:
Oklahoma fast-tracking medical marijuana, but with pushback
OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) — Oklahoma is pushing ahead on medical marijuana after local voters approved one of least restrictive laws in the U.S., with the state health department approving emergency rules aimed at fast-tracking the industry into business.
But the health department on Tuesday also tacked on two requirements that medical marijuana advocates say will only slow things down with legal wrangling.
The Oklahoma Board of Health said the state won't allow the sale of smokable cannabis and that dispensaries must have a pharmacist on staff. The board's own attorney advised against the addit...
Battelle's PFAS Predict™ Modeling Program Helps Determine Location of PFAS in Groundwater
More colleges than ever have test-optional admissions policies - and that's a good thing


text:
XyloCor Therapeutics
XyloCor Therapeutics Names Rickey Reinhardt, MD, PhD, Chief Medical Officer
Philadelphia, PA, August 7, 2019 — XyloCor Therapeutics, a private clinical‑stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of gene therapy for unmet needs in cardiovascular disease, strengthens its leadership team with the appointment of Rickey Reinhardt, MD, PhD, as Chief Medical Officer. Dr. Reinhardt formerly served as Chief Medical Officer for Comet Therapeutics where he led the strategy and execution of clinical development programs and provided oversight of regulatory affairs.
– Recognized industry leader to head clinical development programs –
"Dr. Reinhardt's broad and deep experience as a scientist and clinical drug developer will be invaluable to XyloCor as we advance our novel gene therapy programs," said Al Gianchetti, President and Chief Executive Officer of XyloCor. "His proven success in driving drug development from discovery through phase 4 in areas such as oncology, cardiometabolics and rare diseases, including several clinical-stage gene therapy programs, will be a tremendous asset to our company."
With more than 22 years of experience in the pharmaceutical industry, Dr. Reinhardt will focus on clinical development of XyloCor's pipeline and its lead candidate, XC001, for the treatment of refractory angina. During his tenure at Comet Therapeutics, Dr. Reinhardt led the company's clinical development efforts focused on inborn errors of metabolism. Previously, he served as Vice President of Clinical Research and Development at REGENXBIO where he led the cross‑functional team in charge of driving multiple gene therapy programs for the treatment of rare metabolic genetic and ophthalmology diseases.
Prior to joining REGENXBIO, Dr. Reinhardt served as Vice President and Head of Clinical and Alternative Development Programs at GlaxoSmithKline where he directed the development and successful global approvals of Tanzeum/Eperzan for the treatment of diabetes. While at GSK, he also led the European approval of the first ex‑vivo gene therapy for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency, Strimvellis, and expanded the label for Nucala to include the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Dr. Reinhardt has also held senior positions at Covance and Novo Nordisk. At Novo Nordisk, he spent 11 years in the Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Research and Medical Affairs departments in which several biologics for the treatment of diabetes and obesity were brought to commercialization.
"I am excited to join XyloCor to lead the clinical development team as we work to uncover the potential of our pipeline," said Dr. Reinhardt. "XyloCor is poised to be a leader in cardiovascular gene therapy, and I am proud to be part of our effort to bring new advances in the treatment of coronary artery disease."
Dr. Reinhardt began his career in pharmaceuticals at Merck in the clinical pharmacology group where he contributed to the development and approval of EMEND®. Prior to entering the industry, he spent 11 years as a bench scientist and in academia, which included serving as Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School of Rutgers University, and as a Senior Medical Staff Fellow at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
He received both his medical degree and PhD from Louisiana State University and holds a BS in biochemistry from the University of California - Los Angeles. He completed his endocrinology fellowship at the NIH and his residency in internal medicine at George Washington Hospital in Washington, DC. Dr. Reinhardt has published more than 80 papers, abstracts, reviews and book chapters. He holds board certifications in both internal medicine and endocrinology.
About XyloCor
XyloCor Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of novel gene therapy for unmet needs in advanced coronary artery disease. In the United States, coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death and disability. The Company's lead product candidate, XC001, is in clinical development to investigate use for patients with refractory angina for which there are no treatment options. XyloCor also has a secondary product, XC002, in discovery stage, being developed for the treatment of patients with cardiac tissue damage from heart attacks. Co‑founded by Ronald Crystal, MD, and Todd Rosengart, MD, XyloCor has a licensing agreement with Weill Cornell Medicine for the worldwide rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize XC001. For more information, visit www.xylocor.com.
Mike Beyer
Sam Brown Inc. Healthcare Communications
mikebeyer@sambrown.com
XyloCor Therapeutics Raises $17 Million in Series A Financing to Advance Gene Therapy Portfolio in Cardiovascular Disease
Philadelphia, PA, December 6, 2018 — XyloCor Therapeutics, a private clinical‑stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of gene therapy for unmet needs in cardiovascular disease, today announced the close of a $17 million Series A financing which was co-led by Sofinnova Ventures and LSP (Life Sciences Partners). Proceeds from the financing will be used to advance the development of lead product candidate XC001, a cardiovascular angiogenic gene therapy, and expand the company's business and operational structure. XyloCor is led by pharmaceutical industry veteran and former GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) executive, Al Gianchetti as Chief Executive Officer and has expanded its Board of Directors to include a number of leading industry experts.
– Novel gene therapy for patients with treatment-resistant angina who have no remaining treatment options is ready to enter clinical development –
– Pharmaceutical industry veteran and former GSK executive Al Gianchetti leads company as CEO –
Philadelphia, PA, December 6, 2018 — XyloCor Therapeutics, a private clinical‑stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of gene therapy for unmet needs in cardiovascular disease, today announced the close of a $17 million Series A financing which was co‑led by Sofinnova Ventures and LSP (Life Sciences Partners). Proceeds from the financing will be used to advance the development of lead product candidate XC001, a cardiovascular angiogenic gene therapy, and expand the company's business and operational structure. XyloCor is led by pharmaceutical industry veteran and former GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) executive, Al Gianchetti as Chief Executive Officer and has expanded its Board of Directors to include a number of leading industry experts.
"XyloCor was created to develop a proprietary gene therapy for patients with refractory angina who have no remaining treatment options. This significant raise enables the research and development for our lead investigational product XC001, which has the potential to provide new hope for patients who suffer from this chronic and debilitating disease," said Al Gianchetti, President and Chief Executive Officer of XyloCor. "We are grateful for the support and confidence demonstrated by our investors who bring highly valued contributions to XyloCor beyond the financial resources. Sofinnova and LSP are leaders in helping companies bring innovative therapeutics to patients who need them, and both have extensive experience in cardiovascular disease."
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently granted Fast Track designation to the company's lead investigational product XC001, for clinical studies as a one‑time treatment for the improvement of exercise tolerance in patients with chronic angina that is refractory to standard medical therapy and not amenable to conventional revascularization procedures including coronary artery bypass surgery, percutaneous coronary intervention and stents. An Investigational New Drug (IND) application for XC001 is open with the FDA and XyloCor intends to commence clinical trials in 2019. XyloCor also has a secondary product, XC002, in discovery stage being investigated for the regeneration of cardiac tissue in patients with cardiac damage from heart attacks.
Chronic angina pectoris or chest pain occurs when the heart muscle does not receive as much oxygen as it needs for the amount of work it is performing. This is usually due to coronary artery disease. Patients with chronic angina who become resistant to current standard of care, whether medical or surgical, are considered refractory and often become sedentary because of their symptoms, which in turn can exacerbate comorbidities causing further deterioration of their health status.
"Gene therapy is an exciting and newly emerging area of medicine. With a robust scientific foundation and an experienced team, XyloCor is poised to address serious unmet medical needs in cardiovascular disease," said co‑founder and advisor, Ronald Crystal, MD, the Bruce Webster Professor of Internal Medicine and Chairman, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and Director of its Belfer Gene Therapy Core Facility.
"XC001 has been designed to stimulate the formation of new coronary blood vessels to serve areas of the heart that are not receiving adequate blood supply, which may allow patients to increase their daily activities and improve their quality of life," said co‑founder and board member, Todd Rosengart, MD, Professor and DeBakey-Bard Chair of the Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine.
XyloCor is being led by Al Gianchetti who has more than 25 years of drug development and commercialization experience. He has served in a number of executive-level management positions at GSK and leadership roles with small biotech and specialty pharma companies. Mr. Gianchetti has extensive experience in both commercial strategy/operations and R&D, including involvement in Phase 1 through 3 clinical programs and several product launches.
XyloCor Expands and Formalizes Board of Directors
In conjunction with the financing, XyloCor has expanded its Board of Directors. New board members include Fouad Azzam, PhD, MBA, General Partner, LSP and Alan Colowick, MD, MPH, Partner, Sofinnova. They will serve alongside existing Board members Glenn Batchelder, Executive Chairman; Todd Rosengart, MD, Founder and Advisor; and Al Gianchetti, XyloCor President and CEO. Ronald Crystal, MD, Founder and Advisor and John de Koning, PhD, Partner, LSP will participate as board observers.
About Sofinnova
Founded in 1974, Sofinnova specializes in clinical and late preclinical investments in biopharmaceutical products. Their goal is to actively partner with entrepreneurs across all stages of company development. The firm seeks to build world class companies that aspire to dramatically improve the current state of medical care and the lives of patients through bringing innovative products to market. For more information, visit www.sofinnova.com.
About LSP
LSP (Life Sciences Partners) is an independent European investment firm, providing financing for private and public life sciences companies. LSP's mission is to connect investors to inventors, focusing on unmet medical needs. Since the late 1980s, the LSP team has invested in about 100 innovative enterprises, many of which have grown to become leaders of the global life sciences industry. With over € 2 billion ($2.3 billion) of investment capital raised to date and offices in Amsterdam, Munich and Boston, LSP is Europe's leading life sciences investor. LSP also invests in public companies through its Euronext-listed LSP Life Sciences Fund (Bloomberg: LSP NA). XyloCor Therapeutics is the second investment of LSP's latest flagship fund, LSP 6. For more information, please visit www.lspvc.com.
FDA Grants Fast Track designation to XyloCor Therapeutics Lead Candidate XC001
Newtown Square, PA, May 8, 2017 — XyloCor Therapeutics Inc., a privately held biotech company, today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation to its lead product candidate XC001 (AdVEGF‑All6A+), a cardiovascular angiogenic gene therapy. XC001 is a one‑time treatment being investigated for improving exercise tolerance in patients who have chronic angina that is refractory to standard medical therapy and not amenable to conventional revascularization procedures such as coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention and stents.
"Achieving Fast Track status validates the need for XC001, which has the potential to be a unique treatment for this serious condition with high unmet need — chronic, refractory angina," said Al Gianchetti, President and Chief Executive Officer of XyloCor. "This designation is supported by strong scientific evidence for XC001 and clinical validation of this mechanism of action in refractory angina. This important designation is intended to contribute to an expedited development and regulatory review process, which can get the drug sooner to patients who can benefit from it."
The FDA Fast Track designation is designed to facilitate the development and expedite the review of new drugs and vaccines intended to treat or prevent serious conditions and that demonstrate the potential to address an unmet medical need.
XC001 is a novel gene therapy that promotes angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels that can provide arterial blood flow to myocardial regions with inadequate blood supply. Enhancing myocardial blood flow with therapeutic angiogenesis is intended to relieve myocardial ischemia, improve regional and global left ventricular performance, alleviate angina symptoms and disability and potentially improve prognosis.
"There are many patients in the United States with refractory angina and there are no available treatment options," said Magnus Ohman, Professor of Medicine, The Kent and Siri Rawson Director, Duke Program for Advanced Coronary Disease, Duke University School of Medicine. "These patients have significant limitations in terms of their daily activities because of the chest pain associated with their ischemic disease and XC001 could be an important new option for them."
An IND for XC001 is open with the FDA and XyloCor intends to commence clinical trials upon funding.
XyloCor Therapeutics is a private biopharmaceutical company developing novel gene therapy for people with unmet medical need from advanced coronary artery disease. XyloCor is focused on developing its lead product, XC001, for patients with refractory angina with no treatment options and its secondary product, XC002, for patients with cardiac tissue damage from heart attacks. XyloCor was founded by Dr. Ronald Crystal and Dr. Todd Rosengart, who both sit on XyloCor's advisory board. Dr. Crystal is the Bruce Webster Professor and Chairman, Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine and Director of the Belfer Gene Therapy Core Facility. Dr. Rosengart is Professor and Chairman, DeBakey Bard Chair of Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine. XyloCor has a licensing agreement with Cornell University granting the company worldwide rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize XC001. With a strong scientific foundation, compelling preclinical and clinical evidence and an experienced team, XyloCor is poised for success and to help patients lead better, healthier lives. For more information, visit www.xylocor.com.
Company Contact: Al Gianchetti, President and Chief Executive Officer, info@xylocor.com
Media Contact: Mike Beyer, Sam Brown Inc., mikebeyer@sambrown.com, 312-961-2502
Copyright © 2019 XyloCor Therapeutics.
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The Utility of Marriage of Mohammedans Ordinance Under the Current Ghanaian Legal Dispensation
Where the marriage is not registered within the prescribed one week period, or where the attendance of any of the persons whose signature is necessary to complete the registration process cannot be procured, the High Court may extend the time for registration, and/or dispense with the signature of any of the prescribed persons, upon an ex parte application made to that Court.
Ghana Law HubJuly 26, 2020 10:22 pm 1
By: Amina Ali Issaka (Senior Associate, Legal Ink)
The present legislative framework regulating marriages and divorces in Ghana is pluralistic in nature. There is the Marriage Ordinance, 1884 (Cap 127) now Part Three of the Marriages Act 1884-1985 which caters for all monogamous marriages, customary law marriages which is governed by the Customary Marriage and Divorce Registration Act, 1985, (PNDCL 112) now Part One of the Marriages Act 1884-1985 and lastly, Marriage of Mohammedans Ordinance CAP 129, now Part Two of the Marriages Act 1884-1985("CAP 129") which caters for Islamic marriages in Ghana.
This paper seeks to examine the requirement of validation of Islamic marriages and divorces through registration under Cap 129, the current state of compliance with these requirements, the legal status of Islamic marriages and divorces that are non-compliant with CAP 129 and whether these requirements serve any purpose in this current day and age other than to encourage breaches of the law, which lays a foundation for the insecurity of Islamic marriages and its attendant social and legal problems.
Recognition of Islamic Marriages under Ghanaian Law (CAP 129):
Requirement for registration[1]:
After an Islamic marriage is celebrated in accordance with Islamic law, such a marriage would only be recognized and therefore valid under Ghanaian law as an Islamic Marriage if and only if it is registered under CAP 129.
Mode of registration[2]:
It is provided under CAP 129 that registration of an Islamic marriage must be done within one week of celebration of the marriage. The bridegroom, the bride's wali or guardian, two witnesses to the marriage, and a licensed Muslim priest must go to the relevant District Assembly where the marriage was celebrated to register the marriage.
It should be noted however that the signature of the licensed Muslim priest or cleric cannot be dispensed with.
Recognition of Islamic Divorces under Ghanaian Law:
Just like Islamic marriages, Islamic divorces made in compliance with Islamic Law would not be recognized in Ghana as valid unless registered under CAP I29.[3]
The man, the woman's wali or guardian, two witnesses to the divorce, and a licensed Muslim priest must go to the relevant District Assembly where the marriage was dissolved to register the divorce. The High Court can however on application dispense with the signature of the above prescribed persons, except that of the licensed Muslim Cleric, where the signature cannot be procured.
The procedure for registration of the divorce is the same as that of registration of marriage save that the time within which a divorce is to be registered is prescribed as one month unless an extension of time is sought and granted by the High Court upon an ex parte application.[4]
Failure to register Islamic Marriage or Divorce in accordance with CAP 129:
Failure to register a marriage celebrated under the Islamic law within one week of its celebration means that marriage is null and void unless an extension of time within which to register is sought and granted by a High Court.
Section 27 of the Marriages Act 1884-1895 states as follows:
"A marriage contracted or a divorce effected after the commencement of this part by persons professing the Mohammedan faith is not valid unless registered under this Part."
This part of the law has found pronouncement in several decided cases by the courts of Ghana where it has expressly been stated that Islamic marriage is not a marriage properly so called in the eyes of Ghanaian law and can only be validated by registration.[5]
Compliance with CAP 129:
There has been very little research conducted into compliance of Islamic marriages with CAP 129. What is however evident from the available outcome of research conducted in that regard is that the overwhelming majority of Muslims have not registered their marriages and are even unaware of the requirement of registration of their Islamic marriages, let alone the legal effect of non-registration on their marriages.[6]
According to a research conducted by Prof Raymond A. Atuguba for the German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) on the registration of Islamic marriages in Ghana's Plural legal system, 96.2% of people interviewed who indicated they were married under Islamic law had not registered their marriages under CAP 129.[7]
This staggering rate of noncompliance with CAP 129 has given credence to the apt description given to CAP 129 by one writer that, "the Marriage of Mohammedans Ordinance has been honoured by its breach rather than its observance"[8].
This high rate of noncompliance was reiterated in the memorandum of the Intestate Succession Law, 1985 (PNDCL 111), which provides as a preamble to the need for the promulgation of PNDCL 111, the fact that "The Marriage of Mohammedan's Ordinance, Cap. 129 … is hardly ever enforced. Its registration provisions are probably not known to many Muslims, and the existence and situation of registers is even less common knowledge either to Muslims or to the legal profession…"
Various writers have attributed this high rate of noncompliance to a myriad factors, including the following:
Registration of an Islamic marriage under CAP 129, was the only way a Muslim could have Islamic law apply as his personal law, in matters such as inheritance to his/her property upon his death intestate. However, with the repeal of Section 10 of CAP 129[9], which conferred this right on Muslim marriages registered under CAP 129, the practical utility of CAP 129 was all but annihilated.[10] It created the situation where the educated few who wanted to register under CAP 129 for this very reason, saw no inducement for doing so.
Furthermore, licensed Muslim clerics are virtually nonexistent since most Muslim Clerics have not been licensed by the Registrar of Mohammedan Marriages due to the main reason of ignorance of this requirement, as well as due to the fact that licenses are granted by the Minister of Interior[11] and not the registrar of Mohammedan marriages. Most Islamic marriages are therefore officiated by unlicensed clerics. To that extent, even parties who are aware of this requirement of licensing of Muslim Clerics might not be able to comply due to the absence of such licensed Clerics.
Also, the time of registration being one week after the celebration is too short and the cumbersome process of seeking an extension through the High Court and not District or Circuit courts which are more readily available in the various communities acts as a disincentive to registration.
The sheer number of people to journey to the registration point as well as the alternative of hiring a lawyer to make an application to dispense with the signature of these required persons makes the registration process unattractive.
To add to it, the cost of registration and the proximity as well as the preparedness of registration centres to register Islamic marriages are seriously lacking.[12] This is because these registration centres do not stock the Marriage of Mohammedans Register and would either turn prospective registrants away or adapt Ordinance or customary marriage forms for this purpose. This is also due to the fact that the Registrar of Mohammedan marriages is designated as the District Chief Executive and not the Registrar of marriages.[13]
Saving an Otherwise Void Islamic Marriage or Divorce?
The question that has boggled the minds of many on the application of CAP 129, has been 'what legal relationship exists between the parties to an Islamic marriage who as a result of non-compliance with CAP 129 are held not be legally married?'
Thankfully in Ghana, there are somewhat inherent traits of our diverse tradition and culture incorporated into Islamic marriages. Thus, depending on the type of community the marriage is being celebrated in, a customary marriage may be performed before the actual Muslim marriage is held or vice versa.
In such a case, the Islamic marriage that would otherwise be void for non-compliance with CAP 129 will fall away leaving behind a valid customary law marriage between the parties. This marriage would be held to be valid notwithstanding the failure to register the marriage as a customary one under the Marriages Act.[14] This assertion has been validated by the courts who have held that an Islamic marriage which has not been registered under CAP129 is "at its very best a marriage by customary law."[15]
In the instance where a customary marriage or conversion of the Islamic marriage into CAP 127 marriage takes place after the Islamic marriage has been celebrated, the Islamic marriage would have been converted into a customary marriage or CAP 127 marriage and the failure to register the Islamic marriage would not affect the validity of the customary or CAP 127 marriage.
In the worst case scenario, where the marriage contracted between the parties was a purely Islamic marriage (with no customary rites having taken place), it is posited that where the marriage is voided as a result of failure to register under CAP 129, the marriage would still qualify as an informal customary marriage.[16] Under this type of marriage though no customary rites have been performed (as in the case of a formal customary marriage) a marriage would be held to have been contracted between the parties[17] where it meets the essential formal requirements as formulated by Justice Ollenu, to substantiate the existence of such a marriage[18]. These requirements are agreement by parties to live together as husband and wife, consent by the families of both parties that the parties should live together as husband and wife and finally consummation by cohabitation. These are elements that are present in all Islamic marriages. It therefore follows that where these marriages are voided for noncompliance with CAP 129, they can be saved as informal customary law marriages.
The same principles can be applied to Islamic divorces where they are performed in accordance with the customs of a particular ethnic group in Ghana before or after the Islamic rites of divorce are performed. Unfortunately unlike Islamic marriages where the possibility of a conversion to a customary marriage is fairly high, Islamic divorces underpinned with customary rites are so rare as to be non-existent.
Currently, there is a habit of certain sects of Muslims in Ghana, having their marriages dissolved by their Imams and their councils and issuing certificates to that effect. It is pertinent to note that until these 'divorces' are registered in accordance with CAP 129, they are for all intents and purposes not valid divorces and these divorces cannot be saved by customary law when they are effected purely by observing Islamic rites of divorce..
The magnitude of the repercussions of this trend are beyond imagination as it might lead to the situation where a wife divorced in accordance with Islamic law may still inherit the estate of her deceased husband and vice versa under the Interstate Succession Law( PNDCL 111), since the Islamic divorce would be null and void. It might also lead to the situation where a Muslim man may unwittingly find himself with more than four wives. And even worse, it would result in the situation where a supposed divorced woman contracts an illegitimate marriage with her subsequent 'husband', the resultant effect being that children of this invalid marriage would be born out of wedlock.
CAP 129 as the name even suggests is an anachronistic legislation that must be brought forward into present times. Nowhere in the course of history have believers in Allah and the holy Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) ever referred to themselves as Mohammedans. The fact that CAP 129 is titled Marriage of Mohammedans Ordinance bears witness to the absence of any collaboration on the part of the lawmaker with the persons in respect of whom the law sought to apply, (Muslims), which was a common phenomenon in the colonial era when CAP 129 was promulgated.
It therefore goes without saying that CAP 129, which predates Ghana has become a colonial lodestone around the necks of Muslims in Ghana, disenfranchising Muslims of legitimate rights that have been made available to all Ghanaians. The cry of the Ghanaian Muslim is for recognition that their way of life, molded from Islamic rites and practices, in itself is legitimate and does not need further validation through a secondary secular procedure.
While some have argued for an amendment of CAP 129 with focus on the areas of the law dis-incentivizing registration, in the ultimate analysis, a more drastic measure of a complete repeal of CAP 129 may be preferred. With the main incentive for the registration of marriages under CAP 129 taken away[19], noncompliance will continue to be the bane of CAP 129. Any amendment to dispense with registration as a requirement of validation would also not do away with the inherent flaws evident in CAP 129 which continue to make the law unattractive.
Furthermore, the wording of Section 27 of the Marriages Act 1884-1895, which is the section validating marriages of Muslims only upon registration, when taken literally proves to be particularly problematic for every Muslim living in Ghana. This section provides that marriages and divorces contracted by persons professing the Mohammedan faith (Muslims) shall not be valid unless registered under CAP 129. The literal meaning of this section would hold that, no matter what type of marriage is contracted by a Muslim, be it a customary marriage or one under the ordinance, same would not be valid unless registered under CAP 129. CAP 129 in essence therefore, seeks to take away the freedom of Muslims to contract marriages of their choice, a right available to all Ghanaians, for the simple reason of their faith or religion. This brings section 27 of CAP 129 in direct conflict with Article 17(2) of the 1992 Constitution which provides that "a person shall not be discriminated against on grounds of gender, race, colour, ethnic origin, religion, creed or social or economic status" and for that matter is not likely to stand the test of constitutionality.
The requirement of registration under CAP 129 must not be made a sine qua non to the validity of either an Islamic marriage or divorce. The example of the effect of failure to register a customary marriage or divorce under the Customary Marriage and Divorce Registration Act, 1985, (PNDCL 112) now Part One of the Marriages Act 1884-1985 could be emulated so that the effect of registration of an Islamic marriage or divorce will only serve as prima facie evidence that an Islamic marriage or divorce has taken place.[20]
In addition, licensing of Muslim clerics and places of worship can be done by the Registrar of Marriages. These licensed clerics should maintain marriage registers and issue marriage certificates at the time the marriage is contracted so as to do away with the cumbersome process of registering the marriage after the marriage has already been celebrated. The same principles should be applied to divorces which take place at registered places of worship before licensed clerics, though any amendments that must be made in this regard must provide elaborate provisions for ancillary matrimonial matters such as custody of children, financial provision, divorce settlement and distribution of property acquired during marriage.
Finally, a new approach to the whole concept of Islamic marriages which takes into account the suggested amendments stated herein as well as creates an option for persons who register their marriages under the new law, to choose at the point of registration, to have their self-acquired property distributed in accordance with Islamic law in the event of their death intestate will go a long way in addressing the issues discussed in this paper. The option to choose to have Islamic law apply to the estate of a Muslim registered under the new law, only when the Muslim dies intestate, will correct the deficiency inherent in the repealed Section 10 of CAP 129[21], which made it mandatory for a Muslim whose marriage was registered under CAP 129 to have the distribution of his estate regulated by CAP 129 even where the deceased Muslim made a will declaring otherwise.[22]
Nevertheless, notwithstanding whatever choice is exercised by Ghanaian lawmakers towards CAP 129, the resounding consensus is that the Marriage by Mohammedan Ordinance has outlived its utility and is in dire need of a complete overhaul to bring it in line with modern times in the form of the promulgation of a new law governing Islamic marriages and divorces which would sound the necessary death knell to CAP 129.
Photocredit: Annie Spratt on Unsplash
[1] Section 23 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985.
[4] Section 26 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985
[5] SEE: Re Registration of Marriage between Byrouthy and Akyere: Exparte Ali (1980) GLR 872, Jebeille v Ashkar and Anor (1977) 1 GLR 482 and Kwakye V. Tuba and Others [1961] GLR 720-725.
[6] SEE: Kludze, A.K.P (2015) Modern Law of Succession in Ghana; p.234; Ollennu, N.A. (1966) The Law of Testate and Intestate Succession in Ghana, p.262.
[7] Atuguba, Raymond A. (2003) Paper Presented At A Workshop Organised By The Family Law Focal Area Of The German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) On The Registration Of Islamic Marriages In Ghana's Plural Legal System-Challenges And Strategies For Improvement And Held At The District Assembly Hall, Hohoe In The Volta Region On The 20th Of May 2003. Available online @ https://ladaconsult.com/doc/Moslem%20Islamic%20Marriages%20.pdf[Accessed 18th May, 2020].
SEE: Higgins, Tracy E. and Fenreich, Jeanmarie (2001) Fordham International Law Journal, Contemporary African legal Issues, Special Report. Available online @ http://www.leitnercenter.org/files/CRGHANA01.pdf [Accessed 18th May, 2020].
[8] Daniels, W.C. Ekow, "Towards Integration Of Laws Relating To Husband And Wife In Ghana;" University of Ghana Law Journal (Vol. 11, 1965) P.37
[9] The repealed Section 10 of CAP 129 was inadvertently reproduced as Section 28 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985. It is proposed that this inclusion was an oversight on the part of the Statute Law Review Commission and not a reenactment of the said provision since the mandate of the Commission did not confer on it the power to amend, repeal or enact statutes.
[10] Repealed by Section 19 of Intestate Succession Law, 1985 (PNDCL 111)
[11] Section 21 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985
[12] SEE: Kludze, A.K.P (2015) Modern Law of Succession in Ghana; p. 229
[13] Atuguba, Raymond A. (2003), supra
[14] Section 1 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985 provides a marriage contracted under customary law may be registered under this Act. SEE Section 13 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985.
[15] Kwakye V. Tuba And Others [1961] GLR 720-725
[16] Ahwireng-Obeng, Fredericka (2015); At a Glance! Contemporary Principles of Family Law in Ghana @ page 17 and 33
[17] Essilfie And Another V. Quarcoo [1992] 2 GLR 180-194 @headnote 1 "on the authorities there were two forms of valid marriages known to our customary law: first, the ordinary case where a man sought the hand of the woman from her family and with their consent performed the necessary ceremonies of payment of drinks, customary fees and dowry; and secondly, where although the customary marital rites had not been performed, the parties had consented to live in the eyes of the world as man and wife and their families had consented that they should do so, and the parties actually lived as man and wife in the eyes of the whole world. The consent of the family could be either actual and express or implied and constructive."
[18] Yaotey V. Quaye [1961] GLR 573-584.
[19] SEE: Footnote 10.
[20] SEE: Section 1 and 13 of the Marriages Act 1884-1985.
[21] Section 10 of CAP 129 states "On the death of a Mohammedan whose marriage was registered under this Ordinance, the succession to his or her property shall be regulated by Mohammedan law."
[22] Brimah & Cosbold v Asana (1962) 1 GLR, 118, P.119-120
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Derick Adu-Gyamfi 2 years
Very informative.
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