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Home Page | 2015 | May
Dave Rochlen Speaks of Makaha and Hobie
Dave Rochlen was instrumental in organizing the Makaha skateboard team and later leading the Hobie team. As such, he was skateboarding's first coach.
Author: So you began as a surfer in Malibu and as we all know, surfing is a gateway drug to other things. How did you get into skateboarding?
Dave Rochlon [DR]: I got close to skateboarding in the late 1940s and early 1950s when my brother and I got caught up in the orange-crate box scooter. You know, a 2×4 with nails that were too long securing the cut-in-half roller skate steel wheels. Add the box, and another piece of wood across the top of the box, and hit the road. And I mean hit the road. Went down hard every time we tried to turn the darn thing—never mastered that.
Author: So like a lot of others, you went from roller skates and/ or scooters to skateboards.
DR: Well, right at the beginning of me learning how to skateboard, I was totally blown away by how similar grinding a turn on a skateboard was like doing a bottom turn in surfing. So, when it was the wrong swell direction, or too windy, you could always do a lot of bottom turns and still get that feeling. You can really do a lot of bottom turns on a nice hill.
The first skateboards I saw were in the early 1960s, and they were short, painted red, and had steel wheels. They didn't work either.
Author: That sounds like a Roller Derby model
DR: One day, when we were in town, a friend of mine suggested we go to a local school where he said kids were skateboarding and that they were hot. We went to Bellagio Elementary and, sure enough, there were a bunch of kids skating and they were hot. Along the fence line was a hill, just like a four- to five-foot wave. The gremlins were "surfing" this asphalt wave doing the latest hot-dog moves. At the end of the run they had placed a bench, which they jumped over and landed on their boards on the other side.
On this occasion I saw future legends Torger Johnson, George Trafton, John Freis, and Scotty Archer. I think Danny Schaefer was in the mix, also. These guys would skate different schools just like surfers surfed different spots.
We had nothing like this in Malibu. I learned that some of these guys actually surfed, but being so young they had to deal with a serious lack of transportation. So, they went surfing every day on their skateboards. They all had clay wheels and mostly homemade boards shaped like a surfboard. Roller Derby wheels were king. A couple of the guys were riding Makaha skateboards. We asked some of the kids if we could try their boards. Some of the grems recognized us and they said, "Sure!" We were not very good, fell a lot, much to the glee of the troops.
This led to visits to Pacific Palisades High School, [which] had a huge hill from the road down to the campus. This was a large venue in 1964, 1965. Many of our surfing buddies often showed up, as did an increasing number of young skaters. The surfers wanted to see these hot-rod skaters, and the skaters liked meeting some of the current surf heroes. I believe this is where the Hilton brothers— Davey and Steve—showed up, along with Danny Bearer. The Hilton brothers were already pretty good surfers, they lived at Sorrento Beach in Santa Monica—so no transportation problem. Really, the Hilton boys were great. They were well mannered, polite, and very nice guys. I was very impressed with this, and understood that this was a result of super parenting by Barron and his wife. My uncle Dave also knew the Hiltons, as he sort of gave them surfing lessons back in the day. Getting to know the Hilton Family, knowing what quality people they all were, was a primary factor in my switching from Makaha to Hobie.
As you must know, Barron Hilton also owned Vita-Pakt Orange Juice, the company that bought the Hobie Skateboard brand. My first skateboard was a Makaha. Larry Stevenson owned Makaha Skateboards, and he also owned Surf Guide magazine. Larry was just a super-great guy. And he still is. He wanted these hot-rod kids to ride his Makaha skateboards just like surfboard companies wanted hot riders to ride their surfboards. He wanted these kids totally equipped at all times. He even gave them some of his glass Makaha prototypes to ride. This board was way ahead of the curve, thought by some to be one of the best skateboards ever made. I learned how to do some kickturns and other simple maneuvers. Author: George Trafton said he went for a tryout for the Makaha team and you were the team captain. How did that come about? DR: Well, the Makaha time period is sort of a blur, it went by pretty fast. Larry, editor Bill Cleary, and staff wanted to promote the skateboards. They wanted some hot riders to do this. We couldn't get going right away because of skateboard production problems—they just weren't ready to go at that time. So, I pretty much spent time cruising around the magazine offices until we had the equipment for the team guys and the resulting sales. I knew who the hot riders were and where they were riding. We just went there, said we were having tryouts, and picked these hot rods. Of course, I felt it was important that the boys also knew how to be Emily Post's sons when they had to be.
Author: How influential were you in organizing the skateboard team and promoting Makaha skateboards?
DR: I had the scene totally scoped out. I got the guys together, interfaced with the parents, and had the boys ready to go. I made certain that there was an overwhelming amount of skateboards and skateboard products available to the team at all times. I didn't have any responsibilities regarding lining up exhibitions or shows. Larry Stevenson and his staff took care of all of that. I was very good at following orders, having the guys ready to go and being there on time.
Hobie super surfer Author: How did you pick the Makaha team members, and what were their duties?
DR: First of all the candidate had to be one of the best skaters. Equally important, they had to be able to represent Makaha and the other Stevenson businesses in a positive fashion. Those two things were "their duties": Represent the product, be gentlemen, and be willing to share their abilities with the interested kids who came to watch them perform.
If they pulled this off correctly, I would make certain that they were well rewarded. The AAU was a very big deal at this time, and the parents didn't want to jeopardize any participation in other sports their kids might want to pursue in the future. So we couldn't pay them any money. The team knew how much I understood what a sacrifice it was to give up a weekend day to go out to the Valley in 100-degree weather and skateboard in a department store parking lot. My plan was to utilize any and all days when they were off to do things they wanted to do. Mostly it was going surfing somewhere, and that is what they did.
Unlimited skate equipment and surfing safaris to anywhere they wanted to go, lunch on me (the company). Their duty was to have a good, fun time.
Author: Were you surprised by how popular skateboarding became?
DR: No, I was not surprised. I mean, I couldn't believe how many kids would show up at the demos to watch the Makaha guys do their thing. And, at this time, "their thing" was really simple stuff: kickturning, doing the coffin, doing wheelies, some nose wheelies, walking the board and jumping over a limbo-stick type of prop. The crowds went nuts for this stuff.
Author: How old were you when you were the chaperone for the team?
DR: I was about 20 years old.
Author: George Trafton says he was one of a rowdy bunch of kids who drove you crazy. How rowdy where they?
DR: You know, looking back on it all, they were just being kids. Oh yes, they could be rowdy. I think what they enjoyed most was learning what my buttons were and pushing them when they thought they could get away with it. Which kid do you know that doesn't try and push the limits to being a rascal sometimes? Especially when there is a group of them all trying to out-do each other. I only "got serious" with them when we were driving and our safety might be put at risk. Also, no swearing, no pottymouths. And don't think you are going to have a food fight and not clean it all up afterwards.
Author: Any good stories from traveling with the Makaha team?
DR: I don't know if they are good stories, but I can reflect on a few occasions. Mostly it was dealing with the lack of challenge—like what they were grading a contest on—or a sponsor at a demo location expecting the guys to do their thing on gravel or a surface [that] could only result in mutable disasters. I quickly learned to always bring a broom with us, and sometimes we just refused to a show unless a better surface area was provided. Contest grading criteria was a problem all through the early days of skateboarding. Some times the guys just didn't want to do such waste-time things. Like, let's have a slalom race for time on the polished concrete floor of the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, with steel or clay wheels. Make ass or what? Crash and burn no matter how good you really were. There was never any rivalry between the Makaha team and the Hobie team. The guys who made up the initial Hobie team were all from the Makaha team except the guys who didn't want to make the switch for one reason or another. Then we added Steve and Davey Hilton, and a lad of Mexican descent whose name I cannot remember at this time. The guys who came on over to the "other side" were George Trafton, Torger Johnson, John Freis, and Danny Bearer. Danny's sister, Wendy I think, often went with us on local trips and skated in some competitions.
Author: How did Hobie lure you away from Makaha?
DR: Here's how it was. I am the new captain of the Hobie skateboard team. However, I am on the Dewey Weber surf team: the Red Coats. Hobie was so cool, he insisted that all of the team members have any kind of Hobie board they wanted. Then, at this time of transition, Hobie wanted to open a surf shop in Santa Monica. His partner Dick Metz—the sub rosa, behind-the-scenes guy of all time for all things retail—set the shop up and gave me my first real job in the surfing world: manager of the Hobie Surfboard Shop in Santa Monica.
Part of my job requirement was to set up a Hobie surf team made up of the hot local guys in the area. Needless to say, I think we ended up with the hottest guys in the area. The deal closer for a number of new team members was that they could order any kind of Hobie surfboard with any kind of design in the finished glass job. I learned years later that all profits made in our first year of operation were cancelled out by the outrageous costs involved in providing exactly what Hobie had offered. The boards just about busted us! There was also the fact that I got to meet Hobie and his wife Sharon when I was a young gremmie. My mom let me cut school whenever my uncle, Big Dave Rochlen, came over to visit from the Islands. He would always take me with him down to San Onofre. Two stops we always made on the way down was to Joe and Aggie Quigg, who [were] living, shaping, and body surfing at the Newport Wedge—and the Hobie family in the Dana Point area. So when Hobie and Dick Metz came to visit me, they told me how they thought it should be: the Hobie Shop manager, the Hobie surf team member and the Hobie skateboard team manager should be riding a Hobie board, and I have ever since.
Author: Were the Stevensons disappointed, or was it one big happy, fighting family?
DR: I am sure that Larry was disappointed, but Larry Stevenson, being the total gentleman that he is, understood all of these factors better than I did. He understood exactly why it was best for me to move totally and completely into my new situation. I left with his blessings. And then the fun began. I was especially stoked to learn that I had the complete support and understanding from Hobie, Dick Metz, and Vita-Pakt [of] why it was so important to take complete care of the Hobie skateboard team members. I tried to supply nothing but the absolute best. They were in need of nothing.
Author: How well did you know the Hilton family?
DR: I really didn't get to know the Hilton family until after Davey and Steve got on the Hobie team. I had known their big brother, Barry, but we didn't "hang" together. After we got the team complete, I visited the Hilton's at their Sorrento Beach home. Marilyn and Barron couldn't be a nicer couple, and great parents. Mr. Hilton expressed his satisfaction with having acquired the Hobie Super Surfer skateboard and the team. He assured me that anything and everything we needed would be taken care of. I was there a few times other than to pick up the boys for a surf trip or to go to a show. To my knowledge, the Hilton's didn't have anything to do with my being chosen to be the manager of the Hobie team. It was totally a Hobie [and] Uncle Dick Metz decision. However, I know there was positive Rochlen name recognition because of the fact that Hobie was recommending me, the Hilton association with my uncle, Dave Rochlen, and I am pretty sure that Barry, Davey, and Steve gave me good reports.
Author: Why did Vita-Pakt make the deal with Hobie.
DR: Here was the deal, and it all made sense: At the time, Vita-Pakt operated the second largest orange company in the world, behind SunKist. Vita-Pakt was owned by Barron Hilton. Part of the promotional and marketing plan was to offer "rewards" or "prizes" to kids who sent in a certain amount of proof-of-purchase labels. Among the ten or so items offered were a pair of roller skates. They were totally plastic, but seemed to be popular. The powers that be could see the possibilities of selling more orange juice should they offer the latest and greatest toy the kids were beginning to clamor for.
Author: Did Hobie and the Hiltons spend more money on the team than Makaha did?
Hobie trophy DR: It was night and day. Everything improved or got better for the guys on the team. How could it go any other way? Now the team is backed by the number one surfboard manufacturer in the world and the number two orange juice company in the world. The number one, way ahead of the curve, marketing surfing retail operation. Endless supply of any and all kinds of Hobie equipment— skateboards, wheels, trucks, models, surfboards, team apparel.
I had a team vehicle. My company car was a 1964 Ford Galaxy 500 four-door cruiser that had a giant trunk to hold vast amounts of skateboards and repair parts. Promotions and sales were being done at a national level. Like, Montgomery Ward across the nation was putting in a buy for skateboards. And it didn't hurt that the team members were really super-neat kids that were the hottest at the time at what they did. Hobie got to know them and really made sure that they were in need of nothing. The National Tour involved a lot of flying, because the massive Winnebago we got for the trip kept breaking down and we had to keep on schedule.
Author: Do you remember how long the National Tour lasted, and where you went?
DR: During the National Tour there were many adventures, including witnessing crime pulling into Chicago, the World's Fair, problems with the police at the World's Fair, skipping demos in the South due to race riots, police escorts in Texas and not staying in our regular Holiday Inn, but taking over the Shamrock Hilton (thank you Uncle Mike Hilton). And George Trafton being the smartest team member by passing on the tour and staying home and surfing all summer long.
Author: At what point did you and the people you were involved with realize that skateboarding had become a major craze?
DR: I first realized the direction that the sport was taking when I did some math. Montgomery Ward had about eighteen hundred to two thousand stores at the time, and each one of them was going to order six dozen boards to have on hand when the team showed up to do demos. Also, the fact that Mr. Hilton and Hobie were charting the course let me know that all systems were go.
Author: Do you think Barron Hilton got involved to make money, or just because his kids were involved?
DR: Both. Talk about a win-win situation to be involved with: use your existing business model to grow a fun function for kids (including your own), increase sales of your orange juice product, and put a good face on a questionable new sport (at the time)
Author: The Hobie team did very well at the 1965 Anaheim skateboard contest. Were you behind the scenes for that success?
DR: I was there, trying to chum up the troops to do their best in awkward situations. I have enjoyed viewing some of the footage available. I enjoy watching the kids perform. And now, at this older age, I really enjoy checking out the background scans, trying to recognize various people who were involved at the beginning.
Author: Do you think Hobie and Vita-Pak lost money when skateboarding collapsed?
DR: Knowing what I know now, I would have to think that money was lost. If you are buying resources to build thousands of skateboards for national distribution and all of a sudden those orders are canceled—that calls for a total regroup.
Tony Hawk's First Board was a Bahne
From the book The Good The Rad and The Gnarly by Ben Marcus, Photos by Lucia Griggi. Tony Hawk's first skateboard was a blue Bahne, a gift from his brother Steve: "It's true that Tony's first board was a blue Bahne," big brother Steve said in an email.
"It was a hand-me-down. I gave it to him when I visited home from college one weekend. That was probably 1977. He would've been eight or nine. I was 21 or 22. He and my folks lived in San Diego, I was just finishing up school at UCSB. Don't remember where I got it in the first place. I either bought it myself or got it as a present from my parents.Tony Hawks first Skateboard And He still has it.
Tony still has that board. The wheels are fused with rust. I've heard it might end up in the Smithsonian." Tony Hawk was not alone.
Tony Hawk hasn't kept all his thousands of boards, but he kept his first one, a blue Bahne that was a gift from his brother Steve. Bahne helped launch Tony Hawk, but Bahne were also one of the first skateboard companies to go big in the Urethane Era – learning lessons and establishing margins and doing good things and bad things that helped the skateboard market evolve.
Story by Ben Marcus
Photos by Lucia Griggi
Truckin from ACS to X Caliber
From The Good, The Rad, and the Gnarly by Ben Marcus. Of all the skateboard truck companies that bubbled up in the 1970s, the three that are still going are Tracker, Independent and Gull Wing. Those companies, their founders and the products get their own sections of this book.
Below is an alphabetical list of some of the many truck companies that flamed up in the 1970s, and then flamed out. There were a lot, but we didn't get them all. Aficionados will notice there are no Blazer, Megatron, Pittsburgh, Randal, Santana, Track Force, XL-700 trucks or Z-Roller, and there are probably a dozen other companies left out – some of them legit for a time, some of them Mickey Mouse: but we only photographed the trucks on the 70s-era boards photographed by Lucia Griggi.
ACS In Skateboard Industry News for Dec/Jan 1977, an ad for ACS explained that American Cycle Systems were "the country's largest producer of aluminum hubs for bicycles" and they had used their experience in precision-machined casting to deliver 356 aluminum-magnesium alloy heat treated to the T-6 condition. "Against all competition, ACS has became of the world's largest manufacturer of premium skate-board trucks." A bold statement, that may or may not have been true, but ACS was (and still is?) a player in a market that would become dominated – in the long run – by Tracker and Independent.
APEX Just as in the 1960s, some of the companies jumping into the skateboard market in the 1970s took the hot car route, instead of the surf route. Apex Sports Products from La Mirada, California, made a line of Super Sport mag wheels for skateboards: "The 100% pure urethane tire gives a smoother, faster, quieter ride and more grip."
Apex apparently thought their wheels were too hot for all other trucks, so they made their own out of A356-T6 aluminum sand castings.
BAHNE Bahne skateboards used basic trucks at first to connect their pultruded decks with Cadillac Wheels. But as the market heated up, Bahne manufactured their own custom-designed trucks at a foundry in Los Angeles.
CAL GX Another mystery marque, that doesn't show up in Skateboarder or Skateboard Industry News or anywhere else for that matter.
D-BEAM Some time in the 1970s, a truck innovator took the "Plastics, Benjamin" thing too far and made skateboard trucks out of nylon. The D-Beam, by all accounts, was not such a great idea. One contemporary skateboard truck exec harrumphed: "Those trucks were ridiculous. Dogtown D-Beam. At that point I lost all of the respect. Strike that. I never actually respected the Dogtown guys, so…. the trucks didn't work and I felt that if you are going to put your name on something that didn't work, at least have the guts to call them experimental or funky or something other than a decent replacement for a conventional truck.· Besides that, they broke. I always wondered who in the world was responsible for the design and manufacturing of the D-Beam."
However, Nathan Pratt wasn't sure about the Dogtown connection: "I haven't ever seen these before. If they have a 'Dogtown' brand on them you would need to contact Jim Muir to find out their history. I seem to remember a 'Dogtown roller' brand that was some sort of rip off. It had nothing to do with us."
Larry Balma, co-founder of Tracker and 70s skateboard truck aficionado said: "They look like the second version of the Mattel truck.· The first one had no post under the beam and when you stood on it they compressed right down to the underside of the deck and the wheels could not even roll.· Can you imagine someone designing and producing a skateboard truck that they never even stood on, not even rode?· They installed the post to hold the axle away from the board after they got our phone calls and the truck would then turn…It was a cheap toy."
DYNO FIBER-FLEXI Like Bahne and Makaha and other 1970s skateboard deck manufacturers, Dyno Skateboards of Santa Ana, California found it more economical to manufacture their own "Dyno Flier" trucks. Dyne made a line of Flexi boards from 24 to27" and the complete boards came with Roller Sports Stoker wheels.
GREN TEC According to their ad in Skateboard Industry News from February/March 1978, GT was short for Grentec, and GT stood for Good Times!!!! GT may or may not have stood for Great Trucks as well, but GT boards were another brand of not-entirely-on-the-cool-bus that did well during the Urethane Revolution.
HOBIE SUNDANCER What the @#%@%%? Hobie Skateboards were no longer affiliated with the Hiltons or Vita-Pakt· in the 1970s but Hobie had a thriving team and business that lead to experiments like the Sundancer. Possibly good for applying paint on smooth road surface, but the double-wheel innovation didn't catch on for some reason.
LAZER How hot? Lazer hot! Another player making a serious play in the world of 70s skateboard trucks, Lazers could be found under the decks of beginners and pros.
MAKAHA Out of the 1960s and into the 1970s, Makaha Skateboards were still haggling with some elements of the skateboard industry over the patent rights to the kicktail. As this ad claims, in 1973 Makaha patented the first adjustable truck base. Makaha sold a lot of skateboards in the 1970s, and they found it better to manufacture their own trucks then rely on other companies.
NAGEMA The Germans love an engineering and machining challenge, and in the 1970s, the Nagema company came up with their ideas of how a skateboard should be built.
Note that rubber stopper is on the nose of the board, not the tail. Or maybe that is the tail.
Since it was hard to make heads or tails of this board, it was necessary to contact Konstantin Butz, a German chap who had spent time in California in the spring of 2010, doing research on Skater Punk for his PhD. Dissertation.
We got a good response: You found my favorite board there. It really is odd! Funny, I just saw one of these in a VANS store in Berlin this weekend. I saw it for the first time at SKATELAB in Simi Valley…
The board is from the German GDR – the German Democratic Republic, aka East Germany. NAGEMA is an acronym that stands for: Nahrungsmittel, Genussmittel, Maschinenbau. That means: Food, Luxury Food, Mechanical Engineering. Now, line by line:
VEB Schokoladen-Verarbeitungsmachinen Werningerode:
VEB is short for "Volkseigener Betrieb" meaning something like "People's Enterprise" because, apparently, companies were "owned" by the people in the GDR.
"Schokoladen-Verarbeitungsmachine" means "chocolate manufacturing machines" and Werningerode is the town. So I guess there was a factory that built machines for chocolate production while throwing in a couple of skateboards in between. Hilarious! Socialism rules!
Let's go on:
"BEACHTE" means "beware!" or "attention!"
"Befahren öffentlicher Verkehrsflächen verboten" = "Do not use in public traffic."
"Üben nur auf ebenem Gelände" = "Only practice on flat ground."
"Unebenheiten und Rollsplitt meiden" = "Avoid surface irregularities and loose gravel."
"Kopf. Hände. Ellenbogen und Knie schützen" = "Protect head, hands, elbows and knees."
"Festen sitz von Rädern und Muttern prüfen" = "Check wheels and screws." "Abspringen nur nach vorne" = "Only jump off to the front." (I love that one!) "Fallen und Abrollen üben" = "Practice falling and rolling." "Kugellager reinigen/kontrollieren" – "Check/clean bearings"
That's it. They give you all these ridiculous instructions, making this poor thing the "uncoolest" skateboard ever and then they put this "brake" to the front, which will just kill you…
Great! I really love this board. Wish I would own one. I really think it's a perfect example for how it must have been like to be a teenager in the GDR. Rules, rules, rules…
NASH A stalwart board-maker in the 1960s, Nash was still very much in the game when skateboarding fired back up in the 1970s. They experimented with plastics and other materials, and also fired their own trucks, down there in Texas.
PRO CLASS Pro Class was a company out of Orange, California who rode their equipment hard. In May of 1978, the Pro Class team went to Lion Country Safari in Irvine and rode "a standard Pro Class production line board for 24 hours non-stop, with absolutely no mechanical problems, top that." We can only assume that board was equipped with Pro Class trucks, similar to this board from the collection of Terry Campion.
ROLLBREIT More fine German engineering from the Rollbreit people. It took six screws to hold these babies in place, as opposed to four for most skateboard trucks beyond the Continent.
X-CALIBER Wasn't sure about these trucks, at first. There was a skateboard company in the 1970s called Valtee who proudly considered themselves the "Brand X" of skateboarding, and thought this might be them. But few people on earth know 70s skateboard trucks better than Larry Balma who confirmed: "The first X-Calibers in 1974 were a Sure Grip roller skate truck knock off with an X on the top of the hanger.· Much later they made skateboard trucks with their name on top of the hanger."
Keep on Truckin "The Dreaded Truck"
In 1978, Skateboard Industry News published a series of Product Primer articles "aimed at giving the retailer a thumb-nail familiarity with skateboard engineering." S.I.N covered decks in their April/May 1978 issue, then wheels in June/July and then in Aug/Sept they covered "the dreaded truck – and find they aren't so difficult to understand at all."
Rather than reprint the entire Product Primer, this Glossary of Truck Terms condenses all that knowledge.
Aluminum: A metal used in the hanger and other parts of the truck. "All of the quality, top of the line truck manufacturers use what is termed '356' aluminum' in most cases 'heat treated to T6."
Angle: The angle between the kingpin and the axle pivot point. If the kingpin intersects the vertical plane of the axle above the axle, it will tend to be less responsive – or squirrelly – whereas a truck with a lower angle will be more flexible.
Axle: A metal rod – usually steel – that runs through the hangar and provides a threaded mount for bearings and wheels. Most axles are made of steel.
Axle nut: A threaded nut that screws onto each end of the axle to hold the wheels in place.
Base plate: A usually metal plate that is fastened to the bottom of the deck with four or six holes. The baseplate has a pivot cup and a socket for the kingpin.
Bearing: Round metal balls that allow the wheels to turn on the end of the axle. Skateboards in the 50s, 60s and into the 70s used loose bearings. Sealed bearings were another innovation of the 1970s that followed closely after the introduction of urethane wheels.
Bushing: Doughnut-shaped pieces of rubber or urethane that surround the kingpin. Each truck has two bushings, one above where the hanger fits onto the kingpin and one below.
Cushion: Plastic bushings around the kingpin. Formerly known as "rubbers" from the roller skate days, these bushings were made of urethane and other plastics in the 1970s. In general, a rule of thumb: the softer the cushions, be they urethane or rubber, the more responsive the truck will be. Hard cushions will result in a more rigid, but stable, ride.
Die casting: One of two methods for molding trucks parts. Molten metal is poured into a machine where, under pressure, the metal then forms the part. The mold opens up, and the completed part drops out. According to Dave Dominy of Tracker: The gasses that build up during die casting are trapped inside, whereas with sand casting, the gasses are allowed to escape. This weakens a die-cast truck, and makes a sand-cast truck stronger." But Stephen's of ACS claimed, "We've developed a process that allows us to use 356 aluminum, which is aircraft quality. We are also able to heat treat our hangers with the die cast process, which no other die caster can do."
Hanger: The piece that holds the axle and fasten to the base plate. Most hangers have a socket which allows the kingpin to pass through and be fastened/adjusted. The hanger also has a pivot point which is toward the center of the board. Hangers are usually made of aluminum alloys, with traces of other metals, such as magnesium. Some of the "price point" trucks had hangers made of zinc. Many truck manufacturers stamped their company name on the hanger – but alas, not all.
Heat treated: Die cast metals tend to be porous. Air bubbles inside the part come to the surface during the heat treatment process. Heat treated alloys have a greater strength and ductility (or ability to withstand flexing forces) than non heat-treated alloys.
Kingpin: Paraphrasing Steve Cave at about.com: "The name 'kingpin' gets used a lot for a lot of things, but usually carries the same meaning – a piece that holds the whole thing together. For skateboard trucks, the kingpin is the threaded bolt that runs through the center of skateboard trucks, and holds the trucks together. The kingpin runs through the hangar and two bushings, and then directly into the baseplate. Most kingpins are a fat hex-headed bolt, but there are many kinds of kingpins out there.
You can loosen your kingpin to loosen up your trucks, or tighten your kingpin to stiffen up the trucks. I recommend starting out with tight trucks when you are a new skater, and loosening them us as you get more comfortable skating."
Kingpin nut: A nut on the top of the hanger, which keeps the hanger and bushings in place and can be adjusted to make trucks more stable, or looser, as you wish.
Pivot cup: A plastic-lined socket on the baseplate of a truck which supports the hanger at the pivot point and allows a truck to be turned right or left.
Profile: Also known as "geometry," the concept refers to the design relationship between the various components. The profile is the shape of the truck. In general, a narrower, taller truck will be more responsive in maneuvering – desirable for a freestyle rider. A low profile truck will be more rigid and stable for bowl or slalom.
Sand cast: One method of molding truck parts. The molten metal is poured into a sand cavity, allowed to cool and then the sand falls away. Richard List of Lazer sand casts his hangers and base plates: "The problem with die casting is that the higher grades of aluminum that we use don't work with die casting." Sand casting is also slower than die casting.
Steel alloys
T6: 'Heat treated to T6' simply refers to the fact that heat is applies to the casted part, enough to the point where the part has a tensile strength equal to a standard unit of measurement, in this case known as T6.
In the beginning, there was Sure Grip and Chicago and Roller Derby and other trucks made for roller skating, that skateboarders adapted in the 1960s. As steel wheels became clay wheels, the trucks also improved, but those trucks were still made for roller skating.
In the 1960s, there were attempts to customize trucks for skateboarding. According to Old Was Out and New Was In – It Was Time to Turn from Independent Trucks book Built to Grind, C.R. Stecyk III freely admits "Certainly there were trucks before Independent."
Petitbled patented the first inline roller skate in 1819. James Plimpton brought out the quad roller skate in 1863. Chicago and Sure Grip shoe skates were fixtures in the market from the 1930s on. Sidewalk surfers used to find those clunkers, cut them down, and separate the trucks. Mark Richards was a skater from North Hollywood, California who had the hubris to call up the Chicago Roller Skate Company and suggest that they sell him separate trucks on mounting plates. It took the Midwestern roller rink businessmen months to understand what he was getting at, but they finally relented, and the first designated skateboard truck came to the bazaar. This brilliantly simple move in 1963 helped permanently establish Richards' fledgling Val Surf as an industry leader.
Along with Mark Richards and Val Surf, there were other attempts to make custom trucks for skateboarding during the clay wheels era – see Leesure Line – but the foundries of industry didn't really get bubbling until the urethane revolution of the 1970s demanded more!As 70s skateboarders pushed urethane wheels higher, faster, steeper, deeper and more vertical, they demanded more from their trucks. And we all know what necessity inspires.
An ad for Leesure Line from Quarterly Skateboarder in the 1960s breaks down the basic components of a skateboard truck. Leesure Line did not make it to the urethane revolution of the 1970s. But many other companies reputable and fly-by-night rushed in to fill the void. Image courtesy Surfer Publishing Group.
Craig Stecyk synopsized the truck evolution in Built to Grind
By the 1970s, trucks were beginning to be made with other specific skateboard-centric design attributes. Mr. Bennett sold trucks out of his Rolls Royce. The Bahne brothers made a truck. Dave Dominy created a wider truck for slalom called Tracker. Gull Wing die-cast their lot and used cooling fins that were highly reminiscent of 1930s Elgin bicycle hubs. These were the leading brands in a rapidly growing market. Others include Lazer, Excalibur, California Slalom and ACS. The circus of skateboarding was well populated by a thousand other fly-by-night jokers, toy makers and opportunists.
Mr. Bennett was the first in the 70s to make trucks for skateboards and the new performance demands of urethane. Board courtesy Santa Cruz or Terry Campion or Bill's Wheels.
Ask just about any question in the skateboard industry about "Who was on it first" and it will start arguments/fist fights/lawsuits But there is almost no debate that Mr. Ron Bennett was first to make a skateboard truck designed specifically for 70s skateboarding.
According to an interview with Mr. Bennett in Concrete Wave Magazine in the Fall of 2006, the story went like this: Mr. Bennett's son Brian got a skateboard for Christmas, 1974. He didn't like the way it turned. Mr. Bennett found the problem was "simply a short wheelbase steering system on a long wheelbase vehicle." He wondered why no one had made a truck specifically for skateboards.
With a background in architectural engineering and an interest in machining, he researched steel alloys, rubber compounds, thermoplastics, aluminum alloys and foundry casting – pulling information and talent from the ailing, early-70s aerospace industry.
He called his product "truks" as opposed to "trucks" to be different and save keystrokes. His goal was to make a "truk" that was lightweight and heavy duty, and also "unbreakable." The base plates broke, but he replaced them every time.
Mr. Bennett named a long list of famous skateboarders who rode his truks: "Tony Alva and that crowd, Stacy, Jay Adams… Steve Cathay, Ellen O'Neil, Tom Sims, the Logans, Skoldberg, Hutson, Hester, Guy Grundy,· Russ Howell… and Chris Chaput who won the '76 World's Championships on Bennetts. It sounds funny today, but nearly ever single Pro was riding
Bennetts, so I never formally sponsored any skaters—although I tried to make sure the Team captains flowed the stuff to their guys."
NHS distributed Bennett truks at first, and Mr. Bennett suggested that the Stage I Independent was a sort of tribute to Bennett's products: "I felt betrayed at the time, but I am not bitter."
Mr. Bennett also began producing Alligator and Super Alligator urethane wheels. Bennett got out of the skateboard industry in the 1980s, when the Hobie licensee – one of his biggest accounts – filed for bankruptcy and NHS began distributing only Independent trucks.
In the book Concrete Wave, Michael Brooke described the first product made for skateboarding
In 1975 Bennett produced the Bennett Hijacker. It was truly different from traditional trucks. The kingpin was placed well below the axle. This meant that skaters would not have to worry about the kingpin dragging on the ground. The parts were of high quality: Bennett used aircraft-quality locknuts and a special compound for his "rubbers" (the part that fits between the kingpin and the axle). The only area where Bennett's trucks seemed to have a problem were the baseplates – they tended to break. Fortunately, the baseplates came with a guarantee – you could mail them back to Mr. Bennett and he would replace them for free.


William W. Barrett, Esq.; Robert H. Rees, Esq.; Kipp and Christian; Attorneys for Defendant-Respondent.
Fred R. Silvester, Charles P. Sampson; Suitter, Axland, Armstrong and Hanson; Attorneys for Plaintiff-Appellant.
Brief of Appellant, Timothy R. Bosch v. Busch Development, Inc., No. 870429.00 (Utah Supreme Court, 1987).


Are you tired of spending lots of money on recruiting and not getting results? Have you tried all the expensive ways to recruit and still not getting the caliber of employee that you need? Can you imagine a recruiting strategy and plan making finding employees easy and costing significantly less? Could it be that your work environment is not what it should be? Would you like help in building it?
Many organizations offer sign on and employee referral bonuses when the root problem was a lack of respect and appreciation being given to the current employees. Therefore, they are spending money when the root problems can be solved for nothing - but a mindset change. If management would sincerely show respect and appreciation for their employees - the employees would gladly recruit for them for nothing.


With Star Trek: Discovery set to beam onto TV sets this September, showrunners Aaron Harberts and Gretchen J. Berg have been chatting to EW about the story for the hotly-anticipated series, and while they were reluctant to give too much away, they did reveal that Sonequa Martin-Green's Michael Burnham is the first human to have attended the Vulcan Science Academy.
Meanwhile, the showrunners also revealed that they have welcomed a Trek veteran to the directing team for Discovery in Jonathan Frakes, a.k.a. Commander William T. Riker, who previously helmed episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation, Deep Space Nine, Voyager and the movies Star Trek: First Contact and Star Trek: Insurrection.
Star Trek: Discovery premieres on September 24th on CBS and on September 25th on Netflix. Featuring in the cast are Sonequa Martin-Green (Lieutenant Commander Michael Burnham) are Jason Isaacs (Captain Lorca), Michelle Yeoh (Captain Georgiou), Chris Obi (T'Kuvma), Doug Jones (Saru), James Frain (Sarek), Terry Serpico (Anderson), Maulik Pancholy (Nambue), Anthony Rapp (Stamets), Mary Wiseman (Tilly), Mary Chieffo (L-Rell), Shazad Latif (Lieutenant Tyler), Rekha Sharma (Commander Mitchell), Kenneth Mitchell (Kol), Clare McConnell (Dennas), Damon Runyan (Ujilli) and Rainn Wilson (Harry Mudd).


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Home / Political News / Politics / Nathan Bedford Forrest Day, after early Ku Klux Klan leader, proclaimed in Tennessee - National
Nathan Bedford Forrest Day, after early Ku Klux Klan leader, proclaimed in Tennessee - National
July 12, 2019 Political News, Politics
Republican Tennessee Gov. Bill Lee is facing backlash for signing a proclamation ordering a day to honour Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, an early leader of the Ku Klux Klan.
Lee told reporters this week that a 1969 state law required him to sign the proclamation but declined to say whether he believed the law should be repealed.
WATCH: April 28, 2017 — Tennessee lawmakers duped into honouring KKK leader
The proclamation designates July 13 as "Nathan Bedford Forrest Day."
Forrest was a Confederate cavalry general who had amassed a fortune as a plantation owner and slave trader in Memphis before the Civil War.
READ MORE: Tennessee lawmakers 'tricked' into honouring early KKK leader
By Friday, Lee was receiving pushback from both Republicans and Democrats for signing the proclamation.
Texas Sen. Ted Cruz tweeted signing it was wrong and urged Lee to change the law.
This is WRONG. Nathan Bedford Forrest was a Confederate general & a delegate to the 1868 Democratic Convention. He was also a slave trader & the 1st Grand Wizard of the KKK. Tennessee should not have an official day (tomorrow) honoring him. Change the law. https://t.co/XBgoRCBoI0
— Ted Cruz (@tedcruz) July 12, 2019
American history is complicated. As a general matter, we shouldn't be tearing down historical statues or erasing our Founders, even though they were imperfect men. But we should also provide context where we can. And, we shouldn't be issuing proclamations today honoring Klansmen. https://t.co/RwihClP4L7
Nathan Bedford Forrest Day, after early Ku Klux Klan leader, proclaimed in Tennessee - National Reviewed by Admin on July 12, 2019 Rating: 5

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As part of its accountability to the public it serves, the Saskatchewan Health Authority prides itself on operations that are open and transparent, consistent with the need to protect the legitimate privacy rights of its patients, clients, residents, and staff.
The Local Authority Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (LA FOIP) is a provincial legislation that provides access to most records under the control of a public body (excluding personal health information) while still protecting the privacy rights of individuals. The Act strives to maintain a balance between the public's right to know and an individual's right to privacy.
Please contact the Privacy & Freedom of Information Officer to determine how a request will be processed. Often, we can either direct you to where the information exists already or can informally respond to your request without having to engage formal processes.
The request must be made in writing. The completion of the Access to Information Request Form or a written letter is required. The letter must contain all pieces of information collected within the Access to Information Request Form.
The application must be specific, so that someone familiar with the subject matter can find the information. We reserve the right to contact the applicant for clarification.
The application must contain payment of the $20 application fee. If requesting waiver of fees, the appropriate section of the application form must be filled out or the application letter must state appropriate conditions for waiver.
As supported by The Local Authority Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act, the name of the applicant is kept confidential. It will only be released to those within the organization with a legitimate need to know. Prince Albert Parkland Health Region ensures that all applicants are treated equally and respectfully.
A $20 application fee must accompany each application. Further charges may also apply to locate, retrieve and prepare any documents. The applicant will be advised of an estimate of the applicable fees. Once the fees are received, the requested information will be released, as per the legislation.
In proven situations of financial hardship, a fee waiver can be requested at the time of your request.
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Q: Check if function returns any data in Ajax and WebMethod I've developed the following system that returns endless scroll data on an aspx page. It works perfectly well. However I have a small problem checking whether the database has reached the end row and no data is returned.
With the following code the javascript function keeps on calling the webmethod everytime the page scroll hits the bottom although there is no data to return. How can I check there is no data to avoid those meaningless function calls?
$(document).ready(function () {
    var offset = 0;
    var fetch = 30;

function Load() {
        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "UserControls/uc_functions.aspx/LoadLatest",
            data: "{offset :" + offset + ", fetch: " + fetch + "}",
            contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
            dataType: "json",
            success: function (data) {
                if (data != "") { $('.latest').append(data.d); }
                else {alert("no data"); completed = true; } //I never get this alert even when there is no data returned from the database
            }
        })
    };

$(window).scroll(function () {
        if ($(window).scrollTop() + $(window).height() > $(document).height() - 10) {
            Load(offset, fetch);
            offset = offset + fetch;
        }
    });
});

[WebMethod]
public static string LoadLatest(int offset, int fetch)
    {
        var LoadSql = db.Query("Exec dbo.SD_unionServices @0, @1", offset, fetch);");
        foreach (var item in LoadSql)
        {
           Load_sb.Append(item.title + "
");
        }

        if(LoadSql.Count() > 0)
        return Load_sb.ToString();
        else
        return string.Empty;
    }

UPDATE
To check whether the data is empty or not I used data.d instead of data
 if (data.d != "") { $('.latest').append(data.d); }

Instead of
 if (data != "") { $('.latest').append(data.d); }

A: Improve this to return string.Empty when there is no data available.
public static string LoadLatest(int offset, int fetch)
{
    var LoadSql = db.Query("Exec dbo.SD_unionServices @0, @1", offset, fetch);");
    foreach (var item in LoadSql)
    {
       Load_sb.Append(item.title + "
");
    }

    if(Load_sb.Count() > 0)
       return Load_sb.ToString();
    else
       return string.Empty;

}

A: Oluwafemi is right, when he points out that

Improve this to return string.Empty when there is no data available.

I would also add that it is highly important to not post for data if you have reached the end of the list. It is for the benefit to people having slow internet connection:
$(document).ready(function () {
    var offset = 0;
    var fetch = 30;
    var completed = false;

function Load() {
        if (!completed) {
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "UserControls/uc_functions.aspx/LoadLatest",
                data: "{offset :" + offset + ", fetch: " + fetch + "}",
                contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
                dataType: "json",
                success: function (data) {
                    if (data != "") { $('.latest').append(data.d); }
                    else {alert("no data"); completed = true;} //I never get this alert even when there is no data returned from the database
                }
            });
        }
    };

$(window).scroll(function () {
        if ($(window).scrollTop() + $(window).height() > $(document).height() - 10) {
            Load(offset, fetch);
            offset = offset + fetch;
        }
    });
});

A: the trim function removes all the spaces in the data. Provided it cant trim data , it is pretty obvious that there would be no data present
if (!$.trim(data)){
    //no data
}
else{
    //data found!
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Molecular biology laboratory inaugurated in Ciego de Ávila
Oct 2nd, 2020 +
In this article: Covid-19, Cuba, Health, Microbiology, Politics, research, Science, society, Technique
With the opening today of a molecular biology laboratory at the Roberto Rodríguez hospital, in the municipality of Morón, in Ciego de Ávila , Cuba brings to 12 facilities of this type that process samples for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, in as well as three others enlist in Holguín , Matanzas and Isla de la Juventud.
José Ángel Portal Miranda, Cuban Minister of Public Health, highlighted during the inauguration the importance of this unit, both for the province and for neighboring territories, and for the processing of samples from all tourists who arrive at the northern keys.
He highlighted the quality and value of the installed technology , as well as the preparation of the personnel, which allows for much faster diagnoses and opens up treatment opportunities, both for COVID-19, and for other infectious diseases .
Portal Miranda praised the design and characteristics of the work and urged to ensure the quality of the processes and biosecurity for the protection of workers.
Dr. Vivian Kourí, deputy director of the Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine (IPK), in the opening remarks recalled how, given the increase in positive cases in SARS-CoV-2 , new laboratories were enabled , both in the capital of the country and in other provinces.
Dr. Vivian Kourí, deputy director of the Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine (IPK). Photo: Osvaldo Gutiérrez Gómez / ACN.
She specified that the training of the personnel working in the Avilanian laboratory was in charge of experts from IPK and Villa Clara , and today the first 40 samples were processed here, a figure that should be progressively increased.
Tatiana Artiles Herrera, specialist in clinical laboratory, at the head of the facility, explained that initially they will process samples from the isolation areas of Ciego de Ávila using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests .
She explained that as of the incorporation, in the coming days, of automated extraction equipment, the number of PCRs will rise, with samples from other nearby provinces.
The inauguration of the center was attended by Carlos Luis Garrido Pérez and Tomás Alexis Venegas, president and vice president, respectively, of the Provincial Defense Council.


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Amazon is hiring for Non-Technical Process for Hyderabad Location, this is a Contract Role for a period of 6 Months. Please find below Job description and eligibility. Please drop into the below venue if you are interested in applying for this position.
Through Create Space services, one can sell books, CDs, and DVDs for a fraction of the cost of traditional manufacturing, while maintaining more control over their materials. We make it simple to distribute publisher's books, music, and video through Internet retail outlets, their own website, other bookstores, retailers, libraries, and academic institutions.
The Create Space Support Analyst will serve as the primary support interface for publishers & vendors using the Create Space services and ensure all their concerns are duly attended to such that the system works smoothly.
Opportunities await strong candidates looking for a fast-growing, dynamic, challenging, innovative, and fun work environment.
This is a unique opportunity to be a part of a revolutionary product that will change the way people read.
Process and respond to phone calls and emails received from publishers.
Experience in a front line external (customer or supplier) facing role requiring email, voice or message board type of interactions with customers / external parties is highly preferred.
Should be willing to work night shifts.
Should be able to understand a complex problem and respond to publishers.
Kindly acknowledge this mail and confirm your participation at the earliest. Candidates who have attended an interview for the same role in the last 6 months are not eligible to reapply. Please write back to me if you require further clarifications in this regard.


text:
How much is Fabrizio Moreira?
Worth? in Celebrities › Talent Agents
Compare Net Worths
Fabrizio Moreira net worth:
Fabrizio Moreira is a Latin American talent manager, and politician who has a net worth of $3.2 million dollars.
Born in Manta, Manabi, Ecuador is now a resident of Brooklyn, New York, Fabrizio Moreira was a member of the youth program of the inter American development bank also know as "BID juventud" during his school years, and an award-winning young entrepreneur, who executes his innovative ideas via two self-owned companies, VIP Music Records and Fabrizio ®.
He attended the Andalusian school of Social Economy, and also finished several courses from the world bank and the Friedrich Naumann Academy in Germany.
He now works primarily as a talent manager and runs his own record label, VIP Music Records.
Fabrizio Moreira past clients include Soulja Boy, and several other major Latin Artist.
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Jan 18, 1982(36 years old)
6"1
By Emily hace 2 years
So it's one thing to judge the success of a company – and by extension, its CEO – according to quarterly earnings, projected growth, total assets, and the CEO's personal net worth. But money is just one aspect of what it means to be successful in life and in business. So here's a different take
By Parc_336 hace 3 years
One of the companies of the Virgin Group which owns the famous billionaire Sir Richard Branson is Virgin Galactic, the company was founded in 2004 after Virgin Atlantic, in that year he embarked on an ambitious project of bringing tourism to the next level, suborbital flights were the target drawn by the aerospace company. In
By j2me.developer18 hace 3 years
Thomas Wesley Pentz or better known with his on stage nickname Diplo was born in Tupelo, Mississippi in November 10th 1978 He is DJ song writer and Producer, He has dabbled in various genres like EDM, Moombahton, trap, dancehall, electro house and of course hip hop. He lives in Philadelphia where he had served as
Travis Landon Barker was born November 14th 1975 in Fontana, California. He is an American punk rock drummer currently a member of the band Blink 182 and The Transplants, in the past he also was a member of band like: Feeble, The Suicide Machines, The Aquabats, Box Car Racer, Expensive Taste and +44. He started


HomeBlogWelcome to our new site!
2018 is here and we're starting the year with a new website for Resolution GB!
Over the coming weeks we will be adding large format printers from Canon along with the inks, printheads and media to support this new range of machines.
Since Resolution GB was founded in 2000 we've been an HP house only, focusing on the HP Designjet range of printers. In fact last year we were responsible for 5% of HP's DesignJet large format sales across the whole of the UK. However, we've decided to cast our net a little wider and embrace large format printing as a whole and not just HP DesignJets.
Watch this space and check back with us over the coming weeks to see the exciting new ranges we'll be bringing to you.


Hurry hurry. The entries for this year's Turnip Prize close at 11pm on Tuesday 21st November.
Get thinking (but too hard) and make sure your entry is at The New Inn before the deadline for your chance to be judged the most feeble work of art in this internationally acclaimed fiasco.
More details on the Turnip Prize Facebook page.


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Co-operative Housing Ireland welcomes publication of report of Dail Committee on Housing and Homelessness
Co-operative Housing Ireland has welcomed the recommendations of the Dail Committee on Housing and Homelessness to address the housing crisis. The Committee has called for a programme that would increase the level of housing provision over the coming five years from 35,000 new homes to 50,000. This ambitious new target has the potential to make a significant impact in beginning to address significant underlying structural problems in Irish housing supply.
The Committee has adopted a number of the recommendations made by Co-operative Housing Ireland in its submission on improving housing supply. One of the Association's main requests was for the establishment of a national agency to support housing procurement to work in partnership with local authorities and Approved Housing Bodies. Improved access to finance, procurement support, and a more streamlined approvals process are key factors in increasing the speed of housing delivery.
Releasing sites for development is a critical factor threatening the pipeline of future housing delivery. Recommendations from the Committee to provide for infrastructure investment, to increase and bring forward the Vacant Sites Levy, and to examine publically owned land could help to improve the supply of development land.
Co-operative Housing Ireland has worked with a number of partners over the last decade to continue delivery during an unprecedented crisis. Partners from the development sector and from private finance have played a role in sustaining housing supply. Co-operative Housing Ireland welcomes the recognition that non-state investment from the Irish League of Credit Unions and others is needed to support new housing supply. The Committees recommendation about seeking clarity and flexibility on what is required by EU fiscal rules is also important.
In the private housing sector, a set of proposals to support tenants and home owners are also welcome. The suggestion (The Rent Switch Scheme) of allowing Approved Housing Bodies, like Co-operative Housing Ireland, to purchase rental properties and prevent evictions is particularly welcome. This is an approach that the Association has begun to develop at a number of locations in Dublin and policy and financial support to expand this line of activity would be very welcome.
Speaking after the launch of the report, Co-operative Housing Ireland CEO, Kieron Brennan said: "the recommendations made by this committee set out an ambitious but achievable vision for improved housing provision over the coming five years. Our hope is that these recommendations are accepted and implemented by Minister Simon Coveney in his forthcoming Housing Action Plan.
"Beyond the coming five years, there is a continuing need for a sustained, cross-party commitment to a different kind of housing system for the future that will be less susceptible to market shocks. In that sense, this report should be seen as just the first step on a journey to a different type of housing provision for the longer term."


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Stop The Williams Pipeline
Drilling Is Killing
Bag Fee Ban Bill
Hudson Canyon
Chapter Victories
Rockaway Youth Program
Beach Cleanup Experience Days
Past Highlights
Why Surfrider
Campaign: Port Ambrose LNG Facility
Completion Date: November 12, 2015
Full details to come…
Campaign: Hold Your Butts
Completion Date: August 2011
Cigarette butts have long been the number one item found on NYC beaches and beaches throughout the country, and continue to take a toll on our marine environment as they wash into the sea. In 2010, the NYC Chapter planned a campaign to address this form of litter while not taking a position on smoking itself.
In early 2011, Mayor Michael Bloomberg signed a law banning smoking in NYC parks and beaches. This includes the boardwalk at Rockaway. The law took effect May, 2011.
Late in 2010, the chapter conducted beach cleanups in Rockaway and focused on cigarette butts, counting each one. This gave the chapter "before" data. The Chapter partnered with Keep America Beautiful, KAB, on researching the appropriate cigarette butt receptacle for the Rockaway Beach area. KAB also provided 250 personal ashtrays for adult smokers that the chapter is distributing to further address the litter problem.
The Chapter, KAB, and the Rockaway Beach Park Administrator Jill Weber worked together on finding appropriate butt receptacles and appropriate placement. A pilot project of six such receptacles got underway in the summer of 2011. There will be beach cleanups collecting "after" data to measure the effectiveness of these receptacles.
Check out Surfrider Foundation's PSA here.
Campaign: No-LNG Island in NY & NJ
Completion Date: July 2010
Group shot on the Boardwalk in Rockaway
The Atlantic Sea Island Groups, ASIG, withdrew their application to build a giant man-made island to serve as an LNG terminal in the Atlantic between NY and NJ. The NYC Chapter, ably assisted by the Central Long Island and Jersey Shore Chapters, fought the proposal for years with the help of the NJ-based Clean Ocean Action. The Chapters gathered petition signatures to both NY and NJ Governors, they packed public hearings, they held press conferences, and they did paddle-outs. They even got the City of Long Beach, NY to send a letter to NY Governor Paterson opposing the project. Long Beach would have been the closest land to the island, 13 miles offshore. The island would have covered over 60 acres above the surface and more than 100 acres of the seafloor on the Cholera Banks, a natural reef and noted fishing area. Supertankers filled with LNG would unload at the facility and the gas would be piped to shore and up NY and NJ gas lines. Huge security zones would leave the area off limits to fishing, diving, and boating.
Campaign: New York Passes Bigger Better Bottle Bill
Environmental groups from across New York successfully passed the Bigger Better Bottle Bill as part of the 2009-10 state budget. This momentous achievement is the first major overhaul of the state's bottle deposit law since it was created in 1982, and caps a grueling nine-year campaign to expand and update the law. The update expands New York's bottle return law to include water bottles, which comprise nearly a quarter of all beverages sold in New York. The law also requires beverage companies to return 80 percent of the unclaimed bottle and can deposits to the state, generating upwards of $115 million annually for the General Fund. "The Surfrider Foundation looks forward to cleaner beaches as a result of the improved bottle bill in NY. Thank you to the legislators who championed this cause and the ones who compromised to allow this," said Steff Zellinger, volunteer with the New York City Chapter of the Surfrider Foundation. Check out more photos here.
Campaign: New Surfing Beach in NYC
The New York City Chapter convinced the NY City Parks Department to open an additional surfing-only beach in Rockaway at 67th Street. Check out more photos here.
Check out these links for more details:
http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/07/27/surfs-up-again-dude-hanging-10-in-the-rockaways/
http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_newsroom/press_releases/press_releases.php?id=19926
Campaign: Long Beach NY Beach Fill
Completion Date: May 2006
City of Long Beach, NY voted against poorly designed beach fill plan of the Army Corps of Engineers.
http://nymag.com/guides/summer/17404/
http://www.beachapedia.org/State_of_the_Beach/State_Reports/NY/Beach_Fill


A new candidate for Maple Ridge council in the Oct. 20 civic election says that if he's elected he'll bring "a fresh perspective, energy and vision to council.
He added that Maple Ridge has reached a critical tipping point.
"I would advocate for a swift move towards equally enforcing the laws and bylaws already in place. When laws and bylaws are relaxed, or applied selectively, it creates an 'us or them' mentality that divides communities.
He also wants "thoughtful, environmentally responsible, and balanced development that factors in the needs of all members of the community.
He would also like to see council explore options for its Fraser River front area. "If our waterfront is not suitable for development, we should at least be ensuring we have more public access.
As well, he wants to prioritize the future of the Albion flats.


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Köhlen ist eine Ortschaft in der Stadt Geestland im niedersächsischen Landkreis Cuxhaven.

Geografie

Lage
Köhlen liegt südlich von Bad Bederkesa zwischen Bremerhaven und Bremervörde am Oberlauf des Küstenflusses Geeste, der der Stadtgemeinde Geestland den Namen gab.

Ortsgliederung
 Desebreck
 Köhlen-Dorf
 Stühbusch
 Vorm Moor

Nachbarorte

(Quelle:)

Geschichte
1300 wurde das Dorf Colne in einer Schenkungsurkunde des Grafen von Woldenburg erstmals erwähnt; Köhlen feierte deshalb 2000 sein 700-jähriges Bestehen. Das Dorf wurde schon im 12. Jahrhundert als Dorfenhufen-Siedlung von adeligen Lokatoren planmäßig eingerichtet. Die 18 Höfe behielten lange ihre kreisförmige Einrichtung um einen in der Mitte gelegenen Platz.

1635 erfolgte die Einrichtung der Köhlener Schule. 1712 konnte ein Lehrer angestellt werden. Der Streit um die reformierte und lutherische Schule fand von 1748 bis 1872 statt.

Die Maria-Magdalenen-Feier wird alljährlich am 22. Juli gefeiert als Lobetag zum Gedenken an ein Unwetter, das im 17. Jahrhundert während des Maria-Magdalenen Tages die Ernte in Köhlen vernichtete.

Eingemeindungen
Zum 1. Januar 2015 bildete Köhlen mit den übrigen Gemeinden der Samtgemeinde Bederkesa und der Stadt Langen die neue Stadt Geestland.

Einwohnerentwicklung

¹ jeweils zum 31. Dezember

Religion
Köhlen ist Teil des Kirchspieles Ringstedt, das insgesamt neun Dörfer umfasst. Die evangelischen Christen im Ort sind zum Teil lutherisch, zum Teil reformiert.

Politik

Ortsrat
Der Ortsrat von Köhlen setzt sich aus fünf Ratsmitgliedern folgender Partei zusammen:
 CDU: 5 Sitze
(Stand: Kommunalwahl 11. September 2021)

Ortsbürgermeister
Der Ortsbürgermeister von Köhlen ist Rainer Müller (CDU). Seine Stellvertreterin ist Tina Heins (CDU).

Wappen
Der Entwurf des Kommunalwappens von Köhlen stammt von dem Heraldiker und Wappenmaler Albert de Badrihaye, der zahlreiche Wappen im Landkreis Cuxhaven erschaffen hat.

Kultur und Sehenswürdigkeiten
Baudenkmale

Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur
Verkehr

Bis Mitte der 1990er-Jahre fuhr die Buslinie 15 der Verkehrsgesellschaft Bremerhaven AG (VGB) von Bremerhaven über Elmlohe nach Köhlen. Das Fahrplanangebot beinhaltete Fahrten an allen Tagen der Woche. 1997 erfolgte die Einstellung der Linie.

Der Ort ist über ein Anruf-Sammel-Taxi (AST) an den öffentlichen Personennahverkehr angebunden.

Persönlichkeiten
Söhne und Töchter des Ortes

 Martin Döscher (1935–2019), Bürgermeister von Köhlen (1972–2011), Landrat des Landkreises Cuxhaven (1991–2004), Landtagsabgeordneter (CDU) (1978–1994)
 Ina Müller (* 1965), Kabarettistin, Sängerin, Fernsehmoderatorin und Autorin von plattdeutschen Texten, seit Januar 2011 Ehrenbürgerin von Köhlen

Sagen und Legenden
 Die Römerschlacht von Köhlen-Ringstedt
 Das gebrochene Wort

Literatur

Weblinks

 Internetauftritt der Ortschaft Köhlen auf der Seite der Stadt Geestland

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Landkreis Cuxhaven
Ort in der Stader Geest
Ortschaft von Geestland
Ehemalige Gemeinde (Landkreis Cuxhaven)
Ersterwähnung 1300
Gemeindeauflösung 2015

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Sindh: Coastal Areas Evacuated
Authorities have ordered the evacuation of coastal areas near Sindh as a cyclone is expected to hit the area sometime on Tuesday 26 June 2007.
Below are extracts of an article published by The News International:
The authorities have ordered evacuation of fishing settlements and villages near the coastal areas of Sindh and Balochistan on Monday [25 June 2007], after the Met Office warned a cyclone was expected to hit the country's coastline sometime on Tuesday [26 June 2007].
More torrential rains with strong winds of 50-70 knots are expected to pummel Karachi and other coastal areas of Sindh and Balochistan as a tropical cyclone system 03B, nicknamed Yemyn, has formed in the north Arabian Sea, the Met Office said in a warning issued on Monday evening.
The Sindh government has formed teams to evacuate fishermen close to the shores to safer places, the chief minister's adviser on home affairs said on Monday, while a news agency quoting officials from Balochistan reported that around 2,000 people had been evacuated to higher ground from areas along the Arabian Sea coast.
"A monsoon weather system or deep depression... is likely to move in a west/north-westerly direction and may bring widespread rains/strong gusty winds with scattered heavy to very heavy rainfall in Sindh, especially in southern Sindh and coastal areas, including Karachi," the Met Office forecast issued at 2 p.m. on Monday said.
Later, the cyclone is expected to move towards Balochistan's coastal areas. "Under its influence widespread rains/strong gusty winds with scattered heavy-to-very-heavy rainfall are also likely in Balochistan, especially in the coastal areas, including Gwadar, Jiwani, Pasni, Ormara, Lasbella, etc," the Met Office said, adding the hilly areas especially in southern Balochistan may experience flash floods."
The Met Office said the associated surge of storm in the Arabian Sea along Sindh coast is expected to be 10 to 15 feet, whereas the intensity and momentum of sea waves along the Balochistan coast will be 20 to 25 feet high.
Wasim Akhtar, Adviser to the Sindh Chief Minister on Home Affairs, said that the Army had been alerted for any emergency in case of cyclone. While Sindh Provincial Police Officer Maj (retd) Zia-ul-Hasan Khan has put the entire police force on high alert and cancelled the leave of all officials.
Waqar Bhatti adds: Sindh Governor Dr Ishratul Ebad Khan said that all civil, armed forces, including Pakistan Navy, Army, and all other departments and organisations concerned were fully prepared to face the situation in the face of the expected cyclone in coastal areas of Sindh.
He directed all the agencies concerned to remain in constant touch with people and regularly update them on the changing weather conditions and precautionary measures. He also stressed the effective transportation and communication in the province and putting hospitals on alert to deal with any emergency.
Sindh: Half of HIV Patients Still Await Treatment
Sindh: Worrying HIV Outbreak Hits Town in Pakistan
Sindh: Activists Raise Concern over Human Rights Violations
Sindh: Transgender Citizens Will Soon Be Allowed to Serve as Regular Police Officers
Sindh: Home Department Controversially Claims that 86% of the Cases Related to Enforced Disappearances and Missing People were Resolved
More Sindh news »
UNPO Submits UPR Report on Forced Conversions in Pakistan
UNPO Contributes to UN Report on Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances, Highlighting Plight of Baloch and Sindh people
Sindh Report to the UNHRC
More Sindh publications »


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Home [ MAIN ] COVER LCCI To Buhari: Remove Petrol Subsidy Now
LCCI To Buhari: Remove Petrol Subsidy Now
The Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI), has advised President Muhammadu Buhari to remove the petrol subsidy.
Speaking at the 60th-anniversary celebration of the Oil Producers Trade Section held in Lagos, where he was represented by Vice President, LCCI, Gabriel Idahosa, the President of the Chamber, Dr. Michael Olawale-Cole said petrol subsidy is no longer sustainable.
According to him, removing the petrol subsidy would develop the downstream sector.
"The Chamber, noting the critical position occupied by the oil and gas sector, has consistently advocated for the creation of a conducive business environment where the operators can thrive. The menace of oil theft, pipeline vandalism, low investment and insecurity have all contributed to the woes recorded in this all-important sector. We expect the government to do more in fixing these issues knowing the proportion of the revenue contributed by this sector.
"We have always recommended that the government must strive to implement the Petroleum Industry Act 2021, remove the unsustainable fuel subsidies, deregulate the downstream sector, and resolve peculiar issues affecting the operators in the sector. We look forward to a future where the NNPC Limited and other oil and gas assets are commercialised, run more efficiently, and Nigeria attracts all the investments required to boost oil production and refining capacity," he said.
How much does the Nigerian government pay as petrol subsidy?
Between February 2021 and June 2022, Nigeria has paid no less than N2.802 trillion as petrol subsidy.
While the monies paid for the subsidy in the whole of 2021 was N1.43 trillion, between January and June of 2022, the country has almost equaled that amount, hitting N1.372 trillion in the first six months of this year.
Interpreting the data from the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPCL), BizWatch Nigeria understands that the amount paid for petrol subsidy in the entire 12 months of 2021, has equaled the one paid in the first six months of 2022.
NNPC Accused Of Cheating Nigerians With Petrol Subsidy Payments
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Damilare Famuyiwa
Damilare Famuyiwa is a journalist and media consultant with over seven years experience. Trained at the Nigerian Institute of Journalism (NIJ), he has since been actively covering different beats, which include finance, showbiz, and music. You can reach him on [email protected]


Luxury 4 Bedroom, 3.5 Bath Home, Hot Tub! Walk to the Slopes!
Welcome to Ruby Retreat! This fabulous 4 bedroom home on the mountain sits on a quiet street with fantastic views and lots of outdoor living space with wrap around decks, a beautiful landscaped yard, stone fire pit, and an oversized hot tub which takes in great sunset views!
With luxurious furnishings and room for 10 this home couldn't be equipped better to host your next family vacation whatever the season. Summer brings fabulous sunsets and a wonderfully landscaped yard, Fall brings panoramic views of the surrounding leaves changing color, and winter puts you on the mountain within walking distance of the slopes!
Pull into this home up the long driveway with plenty of parking and take in the great landscaping. There is a stone fire pit outside with large boulders for seating and a flagstone patio with log adirondack chairs to enjoy our wonderful Colorado evenings. Inside on the first level you will find 3 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms for your guests and family. There is a double bedroom and bunk room with 4 twins that share a full bath. Across the hall there is a queen guest room with en-suite bath and TV. Take a trip upstairs and the vaulted ceilings and picture windows looking out to the surrounding mountains will take your breath away. The great room has a gourmet kitchen, large dining area and wonderful living room with Sonos sound system, TV, and gas fireplace. Step out onto the wrap around decks and soak your cares away in the oversized hot tub taking in great views, or relax in the hammock and log adirondack chairs. This level of the home also has the master bedroom with King Bed and spa en-suite bath. Take a look at the custom concrete sink and vanity, it just might give you ideas for your next remodel back home! There is an oversized shower and it all sits behind a custom barn door for privacy. Above the living room and kitchen is hidden loft with comfy chairs and TV to get away from it all. If you are looking for that special home for your family to book year after year then look no further than Ruby Retreat!
Working with Iron Horse management was a wonderful experience.
Hello, We loved staying at this home for a family get together. The outdoor area is great for outdoor games, and the kitchen is well stocked.
Beautiful property, in the perfect setting! The owners are so easy to work with and are great people. I would highly recommend booking this house if you're looking for a place to stay in Crested Butte. You will have plenty of space and everything you need to make your stay easier on the mountain!
We loved our time in this beautiful house. It's spacious and comfortable, with really nice furniture and finishes, and a great layout with space for hanging out inside and outside. We also loved the short walk to the ski slopes, which made for easy access to the mountain. The owner was so helpful and very quick to respond to questions both before and during our trip. We'll definitely stay here on our next visit to Crested Butte!
We loved Crested Butte...the house was incredible with all the amenities. Not a detail was missed. We have rented a lot of properties over the years and this had everything. Comfortable, well decorated, close to trails for hiking, close to town and amazing views! The owners were so helpful and always available for any questions, even giving us great tips re. Our stay and restaurants to go to. Would definitely come back. Next time to snowboard!
We enjoyed walking to the ski hill. The house had a wonderful great room for enjoying dinner together.


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Personalized Medicine: A Policy Discussion on the Next Health Frontier
By The Hill staff - 10/22/15 07:28 AM EDT
In an era of personalization -- where music apps filter songs based on listener preferences and online ads populated based on user search history -- healthcare is the next frontier.
Scientific advances are transforming healthcare and ushering in a new era of personalized – or precision – medicine. This approach makes it possible to account for each patient's genetics, health history and lifestyle as researchers develop and doctors prescribe individualized treatments.
Such data-driven medicine has far-reaching policy implications, from regulations to delivery systems.
On October 22nd, join The Hill for a discussion on the impact of this emerging field, the challenges to its progress, and how the Precision Medicine Initiative fits into the complex personalized medicine ecosystem.
8:35 AM - Sponsor perspective, presented by JOHN J. CASTELLANI, President and CEO, PhRMA
8:45 AM - Thought-leader roundtable, moderated by The Hill's Sarah Ferris and featuring:
ALAN BALCH, Ph.D., CEO, Patient Advocate Foundation and National Patient Advocate Foundation
STEVEN D. AVERBUCH, M.D., Vice President, Development, Oncology & Pharmacodiagnostics, Bristol-Myers Squibb
AMY MILLER, Ph.D., Executive VP, Personalized Medicine Coalition
9:25 AM - 2:1 Keynote conversation, moderated by The Hill's Bob Cusack and featuring:
KATHY HUDSON, Ph.D., Deputy Director for Science, Outreach and Policy, National Institutes of Health [NIH]
ELIZABETH MANSFIELD, Ph.D., Director of Personalized Medicine in the Office of In Vitro Diagnostics Device Evaluation & Safety, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food & Drug Administration [FDA]
9:45 AM - Program concludes
Sponosored by


text:
Zambia was the biggest importer and exporter in terms of cargo via the Port of Walvis Bay
Zambia was the biggest importer and exporter in terms of cargo via the Port of Walvis Bay during the period April 2017 to March 2018.
Zambia accounted for nearly 60 percent of total volumes of containerised transit cargo imported via the Port of Walvis Bay during the said period.
This is according to the Namibia State of Logistics Report of 2018 that was presented on Tuesday to the logistics sector by Logan Fransman, the director of Namibian German Centre for Logistics.
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) accounted for 26 percent of imported cargo followed by Angola with 10.4 percent.
According to Fransman, Zimbabwe on the other hand had 39.7 percent of imported dry-bulk cargo transiting via the Port of Walvis Bay, closely followed by Zambia at 39.1 percent. Malawi at 10.5 percent, Botswana 7.1 percent and DRC three percent.
Zambia also accounted for 51.8 percent of all inbound transit cargo via the Port of Walvis Bay in 2017 and 47.9 percent in 2016.
"Zambia's exports comprising mostly of copper and wooden products and accounted for 85.7 percent of total outbound transit cargo that was 72.5 percent in 2016," he explained during his presentation.
He added that Zambia also had the lions' share, 91.2 percent of containerised exports, followed by DRC with 52.9 percent of total break-bulk cargo transiting via the Port of Walvis Bay.
Zimbabwean exports on the other hand represented at least 30.8 percent of the break-bulk transiting via the port, followed by Angola 8.7 and Botswana with 3.2 percent respectively.
The report also states that cargo from Botswana overall are quite low, but remains optimistic that the situation could significantly improve with the opening of the Botswana Railways dry port facility at Walvis Bay. Cargo flow to countries such as Angola, Congo (Brazzaville), Malawi, Tanzania, and Mozambique are also generally quite low, and can be considered as random flows according to the report.
"The trade link to Zambia seems to be stable and in terms of volumes currently the most important one for Walvis Bay," Fransman said.
SOURCE: Lusakatimes.com
https://www.lusakatimes.com/2019/04/12/zambia-was-the-biggest-importer-and-exporter-in-terms-of-cargo-via-the-port-of-walvis-bay/


As usual, click on the images to get a version you can read.
This is the only way to read the comic now- so let me know if there are any problems with the pages!
Ooh, Look! Someone is going to be making a vey welcome (In my eyes) return to the world of the Strontium Dog.
Everything comes back to 2000AD podcast #4!
Another fine broadcast here that mentions the wonderful Zarjaz 07!
LINKY!! and I want to say thanks for such a top podcast. i'm really enjoying these immensely.
Journey into Hell reviewed by Leigh Shepherd.
As usual, click to get a bigger version.
As you may know I'm going to be running in a marathon in Tromso, Norway a week on Saturday (I make that the 20th June- Bolt-01). I'm doing it to try to raise money for the Stroke association, which helps stroke victims and their families in the UK.
Would you please sponsor me? Even if you can only spare a couple of quid it would be a big help.
This isn't the first time Chris has done this, and so I hope that he gets all the support he needs and gets a resonal best time too.
What a nice treat for a friday morning. Stacey Whittle and Lee Grice talking about comics and they talk about Zarjaz 07! In a nice way as well.
Thanks to both of them, as I didn't know this was on the cards!