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Decarbonizing Europe's transport sector: on the road to low emission mobility
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Ask your questions during the conference, using https://www.sli.do/ Conference code: #DecarbonizeEU
The EU took a strong position in the global fight against climate change at the 2015 COP21 summit in Paris by setting an ambitious target of reducing emissions by 40 percent by 2030. Now it must turn this commitment into action. Ensuring transport contributes its fair share to these emissions cuts appears to be a near-insurmountable challenge.
In Europe, transport's oil dependency makes cars, trucks, airplanes and ships the single biggest source of greenhouse gas emissions. Road transport is a particular problem and responsible for 73% of total transport emissions, because Europe's 290 million road vehicles are over 90% reliant on oil.
There is a wide range of low-emission transport alternatives that can alleviate oil dependence and slash emissions in road transport: everything from batteries and ethanol to more efficient engines and smarter transport systems. But how soon can these solutions be scaled up to achieve significant emissions reductions?
The transition to low-emission transport can only be achieved through cooperation among carmakers, consumers, energy companies and technology providers, as well as national and EU regulators. Binding targets to reduce the carbon intensity of road transport fuels and promote the use of renewable energy by 2030 have been set. However, the recent European Commission's "Clean Energy Package for All" proposes a phase out of conventional biofuels — the biggest source of renewable energy currently in transport. Is the 2030 objective now unrealistic? What solutions will national governments devise to meet emission cuts?
This event will gather high-level EU and national policymakers, industry representatives, energy experts and environment groups for a frank conversation on how to rev up transport emissions reductions efforts, without wrecking European mobility and competitiveness.
Questions to be addressed at the event include:
What transport technologies will help Europe speed up emissions reductions?
What are the benefits and drawbacks of these technologies?
Should national governments or the private sector take the lead in the transition to low emission transport solutions?
Can policy makers assure the contributions of low emission transport energy such as electricity and ethanol are maximized?
When: Wednesday, January 25, 2017, from 3:00 p.m. to 5:30 p.m., followed by a cocktail reception.
Where: Concert Noble, Rue d'Arlon 82, 1000 Brussels
Join us @EventsPOLITICO using #DecarbonizeEU.
POLITICO's Decarbonizing Europe's transport sector: on the road to low emission mobility is presented by the European renewable ethanol association (ePURE).
Concert Noble - Rue d'Arlon 82, 1000 Brussels
2:30 PM CET
Moderator's Introduction
Jan Cienski, Senior Policy editor, POLITICO
Introductory remarks by our partner
Jan Koninckx, Global Business Director Biofuels, DuPont Industrial Biosciences
Joint opening Interview: The Path to Decarbonizing Transport – Do National Governments and the European Commission See Eye-to-Eye?
Maroš Šefčovič, European Commission Vice-President for Energy Union
Karolina Skog, Minister for the Environment, Sweden
Panel Debate: The Fast Lane to Decarbonization
Which technologies offer the fastest and most cost-effective way to decarbonize road transport?
Moderated by: Joshua Posaner, Transport and Energy reporter, POLITICO
John Cooper, Director General, FuelsEurope
Jacques Pieraerts, Vice-President Communication, External and Environmental Affairs, Toyota Motor Europe
Eric Sievers, Director - Investments, Ethanol Europe
Jelena Simjanovic, Energy Director, Transport & Environment
Panel Debate: Decarbonizing Road Transport: Dream or Reality?
Can the EU Reduce its Transport Emissions and is this Commission on the Right Policy Trajectory to Make it a Reality?
Moderated by: Sara Stefanini, Senior Policy reporter, POLITICO
Bas Eickhout MEP, Member on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety Committee
Adam Brown, Senior Energy Analyst, International Energy Agency
Francesco Forte, First counselor at the Permanent Representation of Italy to the European Union
Thomas Schrøder, Vice-President Biorefining Commercial, Novozymes
Concluding remarks followed by networking cocktail
Jan Cienski, Senior Policy editor, POLITIO
Karolina Skog has been Swedish Minister for the Environment since May 25, 2016. She has been a member of the Swedish Green Party since 2002. Skog has extensive experience in working with climate, transport and housing issues at a local level. Before being appointed Minister, she spent six years at the City of Malmö and held several positions: she was Deputy Mayor for urban engineering and services (2014 to mid-2016); Deputy Mayor for traffic of the future (2010-2014) and Swedish Green Party Political Secretary. Skog is chair of the Swedish bike organization "Svenska cykelstäder" and has a Masters in Human Ecology from Lund University.
Adam Brown has been Senior Energy Analyst at the International Energy Agency (IEA) since 2010. His current projects include an update of the IEA Bioenergy roadmap, to be published by the IEA in 2017. At the IEA, he was also the lead author of a major review of renewable energy policy (Deploying Renewables, 2011) and co-authored the IEA's Roadmaps on Biofuels for Transport (2011), among other publications. He has expert knowledge of renewable energy gained through 35 years of experience in planning, developing and managing programs and projects for governments, industry and other clients in the U.K. and overseas. Brown managed the UK Renewable Energy Program from 1993 to 1999 and was then involved in establishing a private sector consultancy business, acting as project director in consultancy assignments for public and private sector clients in the U.K. and overseas.
John Cooper was appointed Director General, FuelsEurope and Concawe in April 2015. His previous role was with BP where he had 27 years of experience. He was leading BP's compliance strategy for renewables regulation. He has also had business leadership roles within BP in aviation fuels and lubricants, transport energy policy, and fuels technology, in the UK and USA, and has represented the UK fuels industry at the UK Automotive Council Technology Group. He started his career in the motor industry working on future powertrains. He holds a BA in Engineering from Cambridge University and Chairs the Board of Industrial Advisors at Cambridge University Engineering Department.
Francesco Forte has been first counselor at the Permanent Representation of Italy to the European Union since 2013, where he is in charge of policies in the field of transport, energy, and agriculture. He has seventeen years' experience in public service, diplomacy, public financing of development cooperation, public procurement and organizational development. From 2010 to 2013, he was head of the Middle East and North Africa office for the Italian Development Cooperation. From 2006 to 2010, he served as Deputy Consul General of Italy in Jerusalem and from 2004 to 2005 as Chief of Staff to the Ambassador at the Italian Embassy in Washington D.C. He has a Master's degree in Public Procurement from the University of Rome.
Jacques Pieraerts has been Vice-President of Communication, External & Environmental Affairs at Toyota Motor Europe since 2015. He has been with Toyota for almost twenty years. He was appointed president and CEO of Toyota Spain in 2012, having previously served as vice-president and COO since 2010. He has held various positions from 1997 to 2007, including director of sales planning, process and pricing, general manager supply & demand management, general manager European sales, general manager corporate affairs & public relations. Before joining Toyota, Pieraerts worked for Ford Motor Company for about ten years as member of the Board of Directors at Ford Motor Company Belgium, director of marketing operations, and sales representative in Belgium and fleet, marketing & regional sales manager and product manager in London. Pieraerts has a degree in Business Administration & Management from ICHEC's business school in Brussels.
Thomas Schrøder is Vice President for Novozymes' Biorefining commercial activities, covering cellulosic ethanol globally as well as starch-based ethanol in Europe, Middle East, Asia, Latin America, Asia Pacific and CN. He has a deep understanding of the related regulatory affairs issues for bioenergy globally. Schrøder worked in infrastructure sectors for many years, with a focus on project finance, greenfield investments, M&A activities, establishment and running of partnerships.
Eric W. Sievers is the Director - Investments of Ethanol Europe Renewables Limited, a green investment vehicle whose flagship project is Pannonia Ethanol, Europe's newest bioethanol production facility and located in Hungary. In the early 1990s, he founded and directed for seven years an environmental NGO in Central Asia. From 2000 – 2007, he practiced law with several international law firms in Asia, Europe and the United States, and from 2007 - 2010 ran the origination desk for a private bank in Switzerland. He has been involved in the structuring and financing of more than 5 billion liters of biofuel production capacity, as well as several gigawatts of renewable power. He received his PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his JD from Yale Law School.
Jelena Simjanovic is Energy Director at the European Federation for Transport and Environment (T&E). For the past ten years, Simjanovic has worked on several renewable energy, electricity and carbon market issues in Europe, Asia and the United States. Before joining T&E, Simjanovic managed Thomson Reuters Point Carbon's analytics on emerging carbon markets from 2011 to 2014. As an independent consultant from 2007 to 2011, she advised the World Bank wind power deployment, the California Attorney General's office on linking carbon markets, and co-authored a book on Distributed Power Systems in the U.S. for the Brookings Institution. Simjanovic holds a MS in Energy and Resources and a MPP from University of California Berkeley, where she specialized in Management of Technology and Engineering and Business for Sustainability.
For more information on becoming a speaker for a POLITICO event, contact us online.
The European Renewable Ethanol Association (ePURE)
ePURE represents the interests of European renewable ethanol producers to the EU institutions, industry stakeholders, the media, academia and the general public. Based in Brussels, ePURE speaks for 34 member companies (including 20 producing members), with around 50 plants in 16 EU member states, accounting for about 85% of the renewable ethanol production in Europe. The organisation, established in 2010, promotes the beneficial uses of ethanol throughout Europe. In 2017, some 81% of the total ethanol output was for fuel use, with an average of more than 70% greenhouse-gas savings compared to petrol.
For more information on becoming a sponsor for a POLITICO event, contact us online.
EU Commission is ignoring its own science in bid to kill biofuels
10/7/16, 11:13 AM CET
A piece by Robert Wright, Secretary-General of the European renewable ethanol association
The low ILUC impact of European renewable ethanol
11/22/16, 9:57 AM CET
Binding EU directives, the European Parliament, the Council and the Court of Auditors all recognize the time has come for Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC) to be reflected in biofuel policy. So why not the Commission?
Commission risks killing sustainable renewable energy in transport. Here's why.
12/7/16, 9:53 AM CET
How a biofuels phase-out would hit Europe's struggling farmers
1/23/17, 10:42 AM CET
Growers in the EU are helping meet climate and energy goals. Don't abandon them now.
Why the EU shouldn't backtrack on conventional biofuels
2/3/17 9:13 AM CET
Europe needs more ambition if it wants to decarbonize transport.
Falling in love again… with biofuels?
5/14/17 10:53 AM CEST
Europe needs to rethink its relationship with biofuels based on evidence rather than emotions, if it wants to harness the climate benefits.


Dorothy treasured her family. She loved and cared for many babies in the nursery at Eastminster Presbyterian Church. Dorothy loved Elvis, reading mysteries, and she especially loved cats and leaves behind her cherished "Kit-Kat."
She is survived by her loving husband of 43 years, John R. "Rob" Engelbrecht; children, Jeff Engelbrecht (Eva), Debbie Schaefer, Kathy Dickerson (Johnny), Doug Engelbrecht (Heather), Angela Bethel (Teddy), and Mary Russell; grandchildren, Laura, Cathy, Kassandra, Sara, Jeffrey, Jessica, Stephanie, Mick, Joshua, Danny, Austin, Alyssa, Josh, Hannah, Jack, Owen, Finn, Elizabeth, Gabrielle, Nicholas; 22 great grandchildren; and her loving sister, JoAnna Gansman (James).
Memorial Contributions in Dorothy's memory can be made to Eastminster Presbyterian Church Memorial Fund at 5501 Washington Ave, Evansville, IN 47715 or the , Greater Kentucky and Southern Indiana Chapter at 701 North Weinbach Avenue, Evansville, IN 47711.
"Rob, we are so sorry for your loss. Bill and Debbie"
"So sad to see Dorothy go, she was my "Sunshine". I made her..."


Using Edius 4.5.1 I upgraded to a new PC and cannot get the playout record monitor on the PC desktop to show anything, it is blank. The image does appear on the physical TV Screen I have connected but not on the PC desktop.
The feature worked on my previous PC so I am not sure if it is just a configuration issue, but I cannot find it.
If you're using hardware, check the Hardware Settings and try changing the Overlay option.


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West Guji is a disputed zone between the SNNPR and the Oromia regions. West Guji is bordered on the south by Borena, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, on the north by the Gedeo Zone of Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region and Sidama Region and on the east by the Guji Zone. Its administrative center is Bule Hora.

The West Guji Zone was created by nine districts and two towns taken from the Borena Zone and Guji Zone.

Demographics
Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, this Zone has a total population of 1,424,267 of whom 105,443 are Urban residents.

Peace and stability

References

Oromia Region
Zones of Ethiopia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


On April 7, the Government of Quebec released its new Energy Policy 2030. Over the next 15 years, Quebec wishes to reduce by 40% the quantity of oil products used in the province and wants renewable energy to rise from 47 to 61% of Quebec's needs by 2030.
An organization will be created to manage the energetic transition. Quebec will assist households and industry to reduce energy consumption and expects to spend $4 billion doing so over the next 15 years.
To reduce its dependence on oil, the government wants to focus primarily on the transport sector which is alone responsible for 75% of oil consumption in Quebec. According to the Prime Minister, transport is where individual and collective electrification can achieve the greatest gains.
To increase EV adoption, Quebec plans to install a sufficient number of charging stations in public places and along main roads throughout its territory, including a pilot of multi-fuel stations. These stations add up to the 700 electric charging stations in the province, including 30 fast-charging stations. Quebec sets a target for 300,000 EVs on its roads by 2026 and 1,000,000 EVs by 2030, amounting 20% of all light-duty vehicles.


The Samsung Android smartphone spotted last month could arrive sooner than expected, with the first Google OS handset from the company now shipping in June. According to Dr Won-Pyo Hong, executive VP of global product strategy for Samsung's mobile division, the plan is to release their preliminary Android device – outside of the US – in June, as opposed to the original July estimate.
Hong also confirmed that the Samsung Android devices would be significantly customized with the company's own spin on the OS, together with the preferences of the European carriers. Samsung categorize this as the distinction between phones that use Android and "Google Experience" devices, the latter of which are heavily loaded with Google apps.
Later in the year, US customers will have two Samsung Android smartphones to choose from, each "totally different" to the other according to Hong. That's down to US operator preference; the expectation is that one device will go to Sprint and the other to T-Mobile USA.


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TATUM RUSH
You could run into a show of American/Swiss-Italian songwriter, producer, performer and singer TATUM RUSH at an underground club in New York, sure, but quite possibly also at a decadent rooftop party at an 18th century estate in Rome. It's Pop, it's contemporary R&B, it's Nu-Disco, some describe him as Prince-meets-Osho in a Saudi Arabian desert.
Giordano Tatum Rush was born in San Diego, California, and since receiving a bachelor in performance art in Geneva he has been working between Lausanne, Paris, Berlin and Milan in songwriting, recording, video-making, dancing and producing - sometimes under various pseudonyms. His collaborations include artists as diverse as Zap Mama, Richard Dorfmeister, Björn Magnusson, Fai Baba and Tsunano, Tatum's musical influences are broad as the Nile river so you might catch midnight glimpses of Patrice Rushen, Erykah Badu, Marcellus Pittman, Panjabi MC, Tom Jobim, but also Frank Ocean, Sébastien Tellier or Jai Paul.
Tatum writes and produces his own music often in collaboration with producer Ceri from the Milan-based record label Undamento. During his live shows he is escorted by DJ Bauchamp and his manager of unknown origins, Chad Murray, and always wears a black silk-like scarf on his head.
Besides recording for his solo project Tatum Rush is currently producing Zap Mama's upcoming EP featuring Vincent Cassel, Seu Jorge and more.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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[January 18, 2022 6:00 am ET] Ethiopian Predicts Higher Passenger and Cargo Capacity For 2022
An American Airlines 737-800 taxing at Boston Logan International Airport. (Photo: AirlineGeeks | William Derrickson)
[ Airlines ]July 24, 2021 2:50 am ET
By Winston Shek
American Airlines Reports First Profit Since the Start of the Pandemic
On Thursday, American Airlines revealed its numbers for the second quarter of 2021, posting its first profit since the beginning of the pandemic. Specifically, the Fort Worth, Tex.-based carrier totaled a $19 million net profit, boosted by funds via the U.S. government's Payroll Support Program – PSP.
During the second quarter of 2021, American Airlines accumulated $7.748 billion in revenue, led by $6.545 billion in passenger revenue from a rebound in domestic travel. Compared to the second quarter of 2020, amid lockdowns throughout the country, the airline quadrupled its revenue, with $1.622 billion in total revenue. Additionally, American Airlines posted approximately 62.5 percent of second-quarter revenue from 2019.
Meanwhile, American Airlines reported more than $7 billion in expenses, primarily due to $2.9 billion dedicated to salaries, wages and benefits and $1.6 billion from fuel-related costs. Among other items, the airline incurred $635 million in its regional expenses, including a $167 million credit from the U.S. government via the Payroll Support Program. Furthermore, American Airlines reported a $-1.288 billion operating expense as a "special item." This special item is a credit from the PSP, which helped push the Texas-based carrier "into the black."
Overall, without the U.S. government's PSP, the Fort Worth, Tex.-based carrier reported a $1.090 billion loss or $1.69 per share. In comparison to other airlines that received PSP, United Airlines recorded the highest loss with a $1.971 billion loss, while Delta Airlines reported an $881 million loss.
Furthermore, American Airlines ended the second quarter of 2021 with $21.3 billion in available liquidity. With its high liquidity levels, the airline plans to reduce its debt by $15 billion by the end of 2025 via "naturally occurring amortization" – utilizing cash flow and excess cash to eliminate prepayable debt – and using cash instead of debt for aircraft deliveries. Currently, according to FactSet, American Airlines totals $48 billion in debt.
From an operational standpoint, in comparison to the second quarter of 2020, American Airlines carried 44 million passengers and increased its load factor by 34.7 percent, from 42.3 to 77 percent. Additionally, its total passenger revenue per available seat mile – PRASM – and total revenue per available seat mile – RASM – increased by 85 percent and 44.3 percent, respectively. Compared to United and Delta, American Airlines showcased higher PRASM's than the two carriers for four straight quarters. Meanwhile, its cost per available seat mile – CASM – decreased by 46.4 percent.
In its earnings release, American Airlines' Chairman and CEO Doug Parker states, "Our team members did a tremendous job to deliver solid results despite a challenging start to our summer. Their extraordinary efforts led to an increase in earnings and record revenue performance, and we thank our team for their expertise and care for our customers. These strong results in the face of near-term adversity, coupled with our ongoing initiatives, give us great confidence in the future of American Airlines."
In its investor presentation, American Airlines highlighted a full rebound in the domestic leisure markets and short-haul international markets. At its hub in Dallas/Fort Worth, the airline is operating more flights now than pre-pandemic. Additionally, the Fort Worth-based carrier states that its domestic business revenue has increased to 45 percent of its pre-COVID-19 levels, while long-haul international travel is making its initial rebound.
American Airlines expects a further rebound in the third quarter of 2021, with a 15 to 20 percent decrease in total capacity, compared to the third quarter of 2019. Also, the airline forecasts a 20 percent decrease in revenue, but an eight to twelve percent increase in cost per available seat mile – CASM. With the current positive trend, according to a staff memo, American Airlines intends to add 1,350 pilots by the end of 2022.
Other U.S.-based carriers reported a profit during the second quarter of 2021. Legacy carrier Delta Airlines posted its first profit since 2019, with $652 million in net income. Similarly, Southwest Airlines and Alaska Airlines posted profits of $348 million and $397 million, showcasing a steady rebound from 2020.
Winston Shek
Ever since Winston was a toddler, he has always had a fascination for airplanes. From watching widebodies land at Washington Dulles to traveling the world, Winston has always had his eyes towards the skies. Winston began aviation photography in 2018 and now posts his photos occasionally on his Instagram account. He previously wrote for a blog. In his free time, Winston loves to play chess, do recreational activities, and watch sports. Looking into the future, Winston plans to service the aviation industry.
Ever since Winston was a toddler, he has always had a fascination for airplanes.From watching widebodies land at Washington Dulles to traveling the world, Winston has always had his eyes towards the skies.Winston began aviation photography in 2018 and now posts his photos occasionally on his Instagram account.He previously wrote for a blog.In his free time, Winston loves to play chess, do recreational activities, and watch sports.Looking into the future, Winston plans to service the aviation industry.
Latest posts by Winston Shek (see all)
Breeze Airways Adds New Routes For Early 2022 - December 6, 2021
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American AirlinesearningsFeaturedProfit
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Starting up an airline from scratch is no easy feat, especially amidst a worldwide health crisis that has the stability…
By Putu Deny Wijaya
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Hans Airways, a UK-based airline startup, has sent out a letter of intent (LOI) for its first aircraft, bringing it…
By Albert Kuan
Omicron Hits Aeromexico, Cancels More Than 260 Flights in Four Days
Aeromexico canceled more than 260 flights from Jan. 6-10 due to a highly contagious outbreak of Covid-19 that has spread…


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Stanton Territorial Hospital Foundation Winter Raffle Extravaganza & 50/50! - 2023
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The Stanton Territorial Hospital Foundation is thrilled to announce the launch of our 25th Anniversary and largest ever online Winter Raffle Extravaganza! There's $125,000 in Cash & Prizes to be won this year! In addition, we've added the ever-popular 50/50 Jackpot Draw, with a possible jackpot of $200,000, where one person could win up to $100,000!
Over the past 25 years, the Stanton Foundation has raised funds to ensure that the Stanton Territorial Hospital can continue to expand services, develop new programs, and provide upgraded equipment in order to allow for enhanced treatment for the people of the Northwest Territories and the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut. Over $10 million dollars has been generated for our communities' healthcare needs and helping to purchase essential medical equipment.
Proceeds from this year's raffle and combined 50/50 will help to fund approximately $350,000 in equipment for the Stanton Territorial Hospital, enhancing the level of patient care available for all patients. Items such as:
Fetal Monitors – Replacement of eight monitors required - $35,000 each
Fetal Monitors are used to count the baby's heart rate. It may also be used to check the fetal heart rate during labor. In some cases, a fetal monitor can provide reassurance that the baby is doing well and identify problems that call for immediate delivery.
Bladder Scanners -Three required - $21,000 each
A bladder scanner is a non-invasive portable tool allowing for virtual 3D imaging of the bladder, for diagnosing, managing, and treating urinary outflow dysfunction. Bladder scanners are commonly utilized in acute care, long-term care, and rehabilitation environments. It can determine the need for catheterization. Currently there are no scanners at Stanton.
We count on your generosity, when you give; you make a significant difference in the lives of patients and their loved ones. The residents of the Northwest Territories and the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut count on their hospital to deliver the healthcare they require, close to home.
We thank you for your support as we "Work Together for a Healthy North". Good Luck Everyone!
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Chodorow Law Offices
U.S. Immigration and Nationality Law
Gary Chodorow, Managing Attorney
Top Reasons to Choose Chodorow Law Offices
Waivers / Visa Denials
Naturalization and Citizenship
Maintaining Permanent Resident Status During Stays Abroad
China Police Certificates for Foreigners
Guide to Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence
A spouse who immigrates based on marriage to a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident will be granted conditional resident (CR) status if, at the time of admission as an immigrant, the marriage is less than two years old.
Post author By Gary Chodorow
31 Comments on Guide to Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence
2. Requirements
2.1 Joint Filing
2.2 Waivers of the Joint Filing Requirement
Petitioning Spouse Has Died
Good Faith Marriage Has Ended in Divorce or Annulment
Extreme Hardship Due to Factors Arising after CR Status Granted
Spouse Physical Abuse or Extreme Mental Cruelty to the CR or a Child
3. Procedures for the I-751
3.1 Timely Filing
3.2 Late Filing
3.3 Considerations for Persons Living Abroad Temporarily
3.4 Dependent Children
3.5 Documents to File
3.6 Receipt Notice, Processing Times, and Tracking Case Status
3.7 Biometrics
3.9 Travel Abroad while the I-751 Is Pending
3.10 What if the I-751 Is Still Pending More Than 18 Months After the I-551 Has Expired?
3.11 Change of Address while the I-751 is Pending
3.12 Eligibility for Naturalization before Approval of the I-751
3.13 If You Are in Divorce or Annulment Proceedings
3.14 Decision
3.15 Following Approval
Issuance of the New Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card
International Travel Prior to Receiving the New Card
4. Related Issues
4.1. Rescission
4.2 Deportability
4.3 Inadmissibility
A spouse who immigrates based on marriage to a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident will be granted conditional resident (CR) status if, at the time of admission as an immigrant, the marriage is less than two years old.[1]
Similarly, a child or stepchild who immigrates to the U.S. on the basis of such a marriage will be granted CR status if the marriage is less than two years old.[2]
CR status expires two years from the date it was granted. If you immigrated by applying for an immigrant visa at a U.S. Embassy or Consulate abroad, your CR status was granted on the date you were admitted to the country by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. If you immigrated by filing with USCIS a Form I-485, Application to Adjust Status, your CR status was granted on the day your Form I-485 was approved. The expiration date of your CR status will be shown on your Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card (i.e., green card).
The statute requires that a conditional resident file a Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence, during the 90-day period before the two-year "anniversary" of being granted CR status.[3] In other words, file during the 90-day window before your Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card, expires.
CR status is, in effect, probationary. The statutory requirement that CRs file I-751s is based on Congress' concern about sham marriages entered into for the sole purpose of obtaining permanent residence. The I-751 requires CRs to prove they are still together with their spouse or, if not, provide a good reason why not.
Failure to timely file a Form I-751 or failure to appear for a scheduled personal interview at a USCIS office can lead to termination of CR status.[4] Also, denial of a Form I-751 will lead to termination of CR status.[5]
This article is a guide to the I-751 process. Part 2 describes the requirements. Part 3 describes the procedures. Part 4 discusses other issues that may arise during the I-751 process.
There are a few different ways to remove the conditions on residence, depending on the status of the conditional resident's marriage at the time the waiver is filed:
If the couple is still married, the I-751 must be filed "jointly." This means that the U.S. citizen or LPR spouse must sign the I-751 and must attend an interview on the I-751, if any, with the CR.
If the CR is no longer married to the petitioning spouse, the CR may request a waiver of the joint filing requirement. In this situation, the CR files the I-751 on their own. A waiver may be requested in the following circumstances:
The marriage was entered into in good faith, but the marriage has terminated, or the petitioner has died;
The marriage was entered into in good faith, but the conditional resident or her child was subject to abuse; and/or
Termination of conditional residence would cause extreme hardship.
A jointly filed I-751 must prove that
the marriage was entered into in accordance with the laws of the place where the marriage took place;
the qualifying marriage has not been annulled or terminated;
No fee or other consideration was provided (other than to an attorney) in connection with the petition through which the alien obtained conditional permanent residency. In other words, the CR must not have paid the other spouse to fraudulently file the Form I-129F, Petition for Alien Fiancé(e), or Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative.
The marriage was not entered into for the purpose of procuring permanent resident status for the alien. In other words, the marriage must be valid.
For a marriage to be valid at inception, the parties must have intended at the time of the marriage to live together as husband and wife, not to enter into a sham marriage just for immigration purposes. While the parties' intent at the moment of the marriage is controlling, evidence from beforehand or afterwards is important to shed light on intent.
USCIS' instructions ask for documents establishing the validity of the relationship "from the date of the marriage to the present date."[6] That's usually the best period to focus on, but in cases where the evidence isn't clearly sufficient, it may be helpful to consider filing documents from prior to the marriage.
There are an almost unlimited types of evidence that could prove the validity of a marriage.[7] Still, the the strongest evidence usually focuses on the following types of evidence specified in the USCIS instructions:[8]
Birth certificates of children born during the time of this marriage, if any;
Lease or mortgage contracts showing joint occupancy and/or ownership of your communal residence;
Financial records showing joint ownership of assets and joint responsibility for liabilities, such as joint savings and checking accounts with transaction history, complete joint Federal and State tax returns, insurance policies that show the other spouse as the beneficiary, joint utility bills, or joint installment or other loans; and
If applicable, copies of military Leave and Earnings Statements showing receipt of Basic Allowance for Quarters (BAQ) with family members and/or Form DD-1172 for military family member identification cards.
If the conditional resident's relationship with the petitioning spouse has failed during the two-year conditional period, the joint filing requirement can be waived by USCIS if:[9]
the petitioning spouse has died;
the marriage was entered into in good faith but has ended in divorce or annulment.
extreme hardship would otherwise result due to factors which arose subsequent to the conditional resident's immigration; or
the couple married in good faith but the petitioning spouse physically abused the conditional resident or a child or subjected them to extreme mental cruelty.
A Form I-751 seeking a waiver may be filed even after the 90-day filing window for jointly filed petitions.[10] These waivers are separate and independent, and multiple grounds should be asserted where applicable.[11] A waiver petition may be filed subsequent to a jointly filed petition.[12]
If the petitioning spouse dies during the two-year period, a joint petition is not required.[13] The CR must still establish that the marriage was legal where it took place and was not entered into solely for immigration purposes.
An I-751 can be filed seeking a waiver of the joint petition requirement on the basis that the marriage was entered into in good faith but has ended in divorce or annulment. Obviously, a divorce or annulment may raise a suspicion that the marriage was not entered into in good faith. USCIS will consider the amount of commitment by both parties to the marital relationship. Such evidence may include[14]:
documentation relating to the degree to which the financial assets and liabilities of the parties were combined;
documentation concerning the length of time during which the parties cohabited after the marriage and after the alien obtained permanent residence;
birth certificates of children born to the marriage; and
other relevant evidence.
To obtain a waiver of the joint filing requirement on this basis, the CR must prove extreme hardship that arose during the period of CR status. The case law is mixed as to whether this waiver can be granted if the marriage was not entered into in good faith.[15] Common areas of hardship upon removal from the U.S. include health (mental and physical), safety, education, economic, and any personal considerations.
A waiver of the joint filing requirement is available if the qualifying marriage was entered in good faith but during the marriage the CR spouse or child (regardless of immigration status) was battered by or was the subject of extreme cruelty perpetrated by his or her U.S. citizen spouse and the CR was not at fault in failing to meet the joint petitioning requirements.[16] USCIS has defined this exception as including, but not limited to, "being the victim of any act or threatened act of violence, including any forceful detention which results or threatens to result in physical or mental injury. Psychological or sexual abuse or exploitation … shall be considered acts of violence."[17] Supporting evidence may include copies of reports or official records issued by police, courts, medical personnel, school
officials, clergy, social workers, and other social service agency personnel. You may also submit any legal documents relating to an order of protection against the abuser or relating to any legal steps you may have taken to end the abuse.
You may also submit evidence that you sought safe haven in a shelter for the abused or similar refuge, as well as photographs evidencing your injuries.[18]
A jointly filed I-751 must be filed within the 90-day filing period described above. This period may be extended ("tolled") if one spouse is a member of the Armed Forces in active-duty status.[19]
On September 10, 2018, USCIS changed the filing location for Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence. This form was previously filed at the California and Vermont service centers. Now, petitioners must send Form I-751 to a USCIS Lockbox facility. Initial processing will then take place at a regional service center in California, Nebraska, Vermont, or Texas.[20]
If the CR is abroad temporarily, his or her state of residence remains unchanged, so use the filing address designated for that state.[21]
A jointly filed petition should be signed by the CR and spouse and accompanied by supporting documentation confirming the validity of the marriage.[22]
Upon proper filing, CR status is extended automatically until such time as USCIS adjudicates the I-751.[23]
If the I-751 is not filed timely, several consequences follow:
The foreign spouse's conditional resident status is automatically terminated.[24]
If the I-751 is not submitted, the USCIS Service Center should wait for 60 days after conditional residence status has expired to give the couple "a last chance" to file the I-751.[25] Then, the Service Center should route your file to a district office for issuance of a Notice to Appear, thereby initiating removal (deportation) proceedings.[26]
A jointly filed I-751 that is filed late may be considered by USCIS only if the foreign spouse proves to the satisfaction of the USCIS adjudicator "good cause" for failure to file timely.[27] "The law provides for broad discretion as to what constitutes good cause. Some examples of what constitutes good cause may include, but are not limited to: hospitalization, long term illness, death of a family member, legal or financial problems, having to care for someone, bereavement, serious family emergency, and work commitment, or a family member on active duty with the U.S. military."[28] Forgetting to file alone is not good cause, so explain the circumstances that caused any oversight, such as an illness or other traumatic event. It may also be helpful to explain what prompted the couple to subsequently remember the filing requirement. The adjudicator should take into account how late the filing was.[29] The explanation may be acceptable on its face, but the officer also may request corroborating evidence.[30] If the explanation and evidence in the record are insufficient to determine that there was "good cause" for failure to file timely, the officer may request additional evidence or schedule an interview.[31] If the officer decides that there is no good cause, the petition will be denied.[32]
If the jointly filed I-751 is filed prior to the jurisdiction vesting with the immigration judge in removal proceedings and the USCIS "excuses the late filing and approves the petition," then USCIS "shall restore" the foreign spouse's permanent residence status.[33]
During the period between when the 90-day filing window closes and when USCIS approves then restores permanent resident status, the late-filing foreign spouse has no lawful immigration status in the U.S.[34]
Since the beneficiary of a late-filed joint I-751 has no lawful immigration status in the U.S., if she departs the U.S. while the late-filed I-751 is pending (or if she has filed the I-751 late while abroad), she is not eligible to return as a permanent resident unless and until that status is restored. Further, while in the U.S. she will accrue unlawful presence in the U.S. until such time as the I-751 is approved.[35] So if she incurs a single 180-day period of unlawful status then departs the U.S., she may be ineligible to return for 3 years unless the I-751 is approved. And if she has incurred a lifetime total of 365 days of unlawful status then departs the U.S., she may be ineligible to return for 10 years unless the I-751 is approved.[36]
There is no requirement that the CR be physically present in the U.S. at the time the I-751 is filed.[37]
If the citizen or CR spouse lives outside the United States, the case will be held for a "reasonable amount of time" until they notify USCIS that they have returned to the U.S. and provide a U.S. address. (This does not apply to CRs abroad under military or Federal government orders.[38])
Biometrics will not be taken while your case is on hold.[39] (And biometrics cannot be completed abroad.[40]) Nor will you be interviewed while your case is on hold.[41] As mentioned above, the hold will be removed, and your case will be processed, when you notify USCIS that you have moved back to the U.S.[42]
A couple overseas who wish to avoid the overseas hold should be sure to list a U.S. address on the I-751[43] and consider specifically asking not to be placed on the overseas hold.
In any case for a CR residing overseas, it may be also be important for the I-751 to explain the reason the CR is overseas and demonstrate that CR status has not been abandoned.[44] While the issue of abandonment is outside the scope of the I-751 adjudication,[45] such an explanation may help avoid a referral to Investigations to initial removal proceedings for abandonment, and such an explanation may be helpful in demonstrating that the stay abroad is for a "reasonable amount of time," thereby justifying an overseas hold.
Dependent children who became permanent residents within 90 days of the parent may be included in the joint petition. However, all dependents included in the petition must pay a separate biometrics fee. Dependent children who cannot be included in the joint petition because they did not immigrate within 90 days of the parent or because of the death of the parent may file a separate petition.[46]
A jointly filed petition should include:
Filing fee for I-751: $595.[47]
Biometrics fee: $85. (Each conditional resident dependent must also submit this biometrics fee, regardless of age).
Form G-28, Notice of Entry of Appearance as Attorney (for each spouse, if filing a joint petition)
Form G-1145, E-Notification of Application or Petition Acceptance
Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence
Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card (copy of front and back) (including for any included children)
Evidence of the validity of the marriage, as discussed above
Criminal history records if you have ever inside or outside the U.S. been arrested or detained by any law enforcement officer, whether or not charges were filed, or been convicted or placed in an alternative sentencing program or rehabilitation program.[48]
Additional documents are required for persons who are (a) residing overseas pursuant to military or Government orders, (b) seeking to waive the joint filing requirement, or (c) children filing separately from their parents.
Upon receiving a properly filed Form I-751, Petition to Remove the Conditions on Residence, USCIS issues a filing receipt (in duplicate to the lawyer and conditional resident) that extends the conditional resident's status for 18 months beyond the date shown on the I-551.[49] The receipt, accompanied by the I-551 and an unexpired foreign passport, is valid for entry to the United States. following travel abroad. Also, the receipt, accompanied by the expired I-551, is evidence of employment authorization in the United States which can be provided to an employer for purposes of proving eligibility to work.[50]
Note: For cases filed prior to June 2018, the filing receipt extended conditional resident status for 12 months. Because of delays in processing I-751s, in August 2018, USCIS began issuing new receipt notices for such cases showing that status is extended for 18 months from the expiration of the Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card.
The status of an I-751 can be tracked online at www.uscis.gov. You also have an option to sign up for email or SMS status updates. Please note that for I-751s, USCIS tracks cases by the "application number" shown on the biometrics appointment notice, not by the "receipt number" shown on the receipt notice (which if tracked just shows "your case cannot be found"). Also please note that the I-751 will be shown in the system as a "CRI89 Petition to Remove Conditions of Permanent Residence."
USCIS Service Centers post processing times for I-751s at www.uscis.gov. Note that posted processing times reflect the time from issuance of the receipt to the Service Center's review, which may result in approval, denial, request for evidence, notice of intent to deny, or transfer to a local Field Office for interview.[51] Wait times from the Field Office's receipt of the file to the interview vary widely among offices.[52]
Federal regulations require that the regional service center processing a Form I-751 must "either waive the requirement for an interview [as discussed below] and adjudicate the petition or arrange for an interview within 90 days of the date on which the petition was properly filed."[53] Current processing times far exceed 90 days, and USCIS has no plan to come into compliance with this time limit.[54]
You will normally receive an appointment notice to visit a USCIS Application Support Center approximately 4-6 weeks after you have filed Form I-751 to have your biometrics (photo, signature, fingerprints) electronically captured.[55]
The photograph, signature and index finger print will later be used to generate the new I-551 when the Form I-751 is approved.
The ten fingerprints are taken for the purpose of conducting a criminal background check for applicants between the ages of 14 to 79.
However, in some cases, USCIS can reuse previously submitted biometrics.[56] In such cases, you will not be scheduled for a biometrics appointment. Some (but not all) applicants whose biometrics can be reused are specifically informed of this.
Unless the interview is waived, an interview will be conducted at a local field office having jurisdiction over the CR's residence.[57]
On Dec. 10, 2018, USCIS revised its standard for determining whether the interview should be waived. "Generally," an interview is required. However, USCIS "may" waive the interview if all of the following are true:[58]
A decision can be made based on the record because it contains sufficient evidence about the bona fides of the marriage and that the marriage was not entered into for the purpose of evading the immigration laws of the United States. This is an important reason to file a complete and well-prepared I-751 package.
For I-751 cases received on/after December 10, 2018, USCIS has previously interviewed the conditional resident spouse (for example, for a Form I-485, Application for Adjustment of Status, or Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative). Generally, USCIS will not have previously interviewed CRs who were issued CR1 or CR2 immigrant visas by a U.S. Embassy or Consulate abroad.
There is no indication of fraud or misrepresentation on the Form I-751 or the supporting documentation.
There are no complex facts or issues that require an interview to resolve questions or concerns.
If your interview is waived, you will receive a notice of the USCIS adjudicator's decision in your case. Otherwise, you will receive an interview notice about 1 month in advance, specifying the time and date of your interview.
Failure to attend the interview may result in termination of the CR's status and the commencement of removal (i.e., deportation) proceedings, so please notify our firm in advance if you are unable to attend the interview, so that we can discuss the possibility of requesting that it be rescheduled. Our firm will work with you to prepare for the interview.
USCIS reminds adjudicators that "the only issues being resolved through the I-751 interview process are those relating to the bona fides of the marriage and the removal of conditions. Should any other issues arise, they must be dealt with outside the I-751 interview and adjudication process." For example, if during an I-751 interview the officer has no doubts about the bona fides of the marriage but also finds that the conditional resident had been arrested and convicted for a crime involving moral turpitude, the officer could not deny the Form I-751 joint petition on that basis. Instead, the officer would have to either initiate rescission
proceedings or refer the case to Investigations for initiation of removal proceedings (depending on when the arrest and conviction
occurred).[59]
Caution should be exercised before departing the United States while your I-751 is pending. The reason is that if the I-751 is denied your conditional resident status is terminated.[60] If this happens while you are outside the United States, you are not entitled to be readmitted. As a result, you lose the opportunity to have the I-751 denial reviewed by an Immigration Judge, and you may be subject to expedited removal if you attempt to enter the country.[61]
To be admitted to the U.S. during the period after your I-551 has expired but before the I-751 is adjudicated, you should carry your passport, expired I-551, and the unexpired I-751 receipt issued by USCIS.
The "grounds of inadmissibility" apply, just as they do for any permanent resident seeking to enter the U.S. In other words, exercise caution before leaving the U.S. because upon return you may be referred by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officer at the airport (or other port of entry) to an Immigration Judge for a removal (deportation) hearing if the officer determines you are subject to removal, such as for having committed a crime, having abandoned your permanent resident status by making non-temporary trips abroad, etc.[62]
If you are living abroad temporarily, you should consider the utility of applying for a reentry permit to avoid a determination by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection inspecting officer at the port of entry that you are inadmissible on the basis of having abandoned your CR status.[63]
Please discuss with our firm any international travel plans before finalizing them.
As mentioned above, in recognition of the lengthy delays in obtaining a decision on a Form I-751, USCIS issues a Form I-797 filing receipt that extends a conditional resident's status for 18 months beyond the date shown on the I-551. If the I-751 is still pending after that period has passed, then the applicant should obtain additional evidence of CR status.
Make a USCIS InfoPass appointment at the local USCIS field office. If there are no InfoPass appointments available, the USCIS local office should also be able to provide the stamp on an emergency/walk-in basis, although local procedures vary by office. At the appointed time, bring the following documents:
Valid, unexpired passport;
InfoPass appointment notice (if applicable);
Form I-751 receipt notice;
Expired I-551 card; and
Proof of residence within the jurisdiction of the USCIS office.[64]
USCIS should collect the expired Form I-551 and issue a temporary I-551 stamp with a 12-month expiration date in the conditional resident's unexpired foreign passport (if the expiration date of the passport is one year or more). If the conditional resident is not in possession of an unexpired foreign passport, USCIS should instead issue a Form I-94 (arrival portion) containing a temporary I551 stamp with a 12-month expiration date and a photograph of the conditional resident.[65]
If you move prior to receiving the I-551, please tell our firm so we can notify USCIS of your new address. (USCIS does not allow the Post Office to forward the I-551 from your old address to a new address).
A conditional resident has the right to file a Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.[66] In most cases, the I-751 will be filed prior to an applicant becoming eligible to file the N-400. That's because to file an N-400 based on marriage, the applicant typically have resided as a conditional and/or permanent resident in the U.S. in marital union with a U.S. citizen spouse for 3 years. But there are some cases where an N-400 may be filed prior to the I-751, such as (a) in a case where late filing of the I-751 is permitted; or (b) expeditious naturalization under section 319(b) of the Act, as discussed below.
Generally, an I-751 must be approved before the N-400 can be approved. In particular, a conditional resident applying for naturalization on the basis of marriage must have an approved I-751 prior to being granted naturalization if the conditional resident[67]:
has a pending I-751 at the time of fling the N-400; or
reaches the beginning of the 90-day period to file the I-751 before taking the oath of citizenship.
If an I-751 is pending at the time of filing an N-400 or is filed prior to the N-400 interview, USCIS will adjudicate the I-751 concurrently with the N-400.[68]
There are two exceptions allowing approval of an N-400 before an I-751 is filed[69]:
naturalization under section 319(b) based on marriage to a U.S. citizen employed abroad by a U.S. company, its subsidiary, or another designated entity. No period of residence or physical presence in the U.S. is required for naturalization under section 319(b). Consequently, no I-751 is required if the N-400 is filed before reaching the 90-day I-751 filing period[70]; or
qualifying military service.
If you have already filed your I-751, notify the USCIS office handling your naturalization case so that the I-751 can be adjudicated at the same time as the naturalization application.[71]
A key requirement for naturalization is the continuous residence requirement. For most naturalization applicants, the requirement is that you have resided in the U.S. continuously for 5 years after gaining CR or LPR status. However, that requirement is reduced to 3 years if during that period you have lived in the U.S. with your citizen spouse. There is also a special provision allowing expeditious naturalization with no continuous residence requirement for applicants who reside abroad with (or seek to move abroad to reside with) their U.S. citizen spouse employed abroad by U.S. companies or their subsidiaries.[72]
If the I-751 filing deadline takes place while a divorce or annulment action is pending, the following options exist:
1. The I-751 may be jointly filed, including the U.S. citizen's signature. USCIS may approve a jointly filed I-751 even if divorce or annulment proceedings have begun, as long as it USCIS is satisfied that the marriage was bona fide when it took place and was not entered into for immigration purposes. A jointly filed I-751 may not be denied solely because of the pending divorce or annulment proceedings.[73] Copies of the petition for separation or divorce should be submitted with the I-751.
In this situation, or in the event that the parties initiate divorce or annulment proceedings while the jointly filed I-751 is pending, additional evidence to consider filing may include evidence of efforts made to salvage the marriage, such as marriage counseling, family intervention, and affidavits from friends and family. If after the joint petition has been filed, the parties divorce, then USCIS should be notified immediately and the petition must be amended to a waiver case. If USCIS is not notified that the divorce or annulment has been finalized, then when adjudicating the petition, USCIS will issue a request for evidence (RFE) asking for a copy of the final divorce decree or annulment and a statement that the applicant would like to have the joint filing petition treated as a waiver. These documents must be filed within 87 days. If the parties' marriage has not terminated, then the case will be adjudicated as a jointly filed case.[74]
2. The conditional resident may request a waiver of the joint filing requirement on the basis that the marriage has already been terminated, although in reality the divorce or annulment proceeding are still pending. In this case, when an officer reviews the case, USCIS will issue an RFE requesting that within 87 days the final divorce decree or annulment be submitted. If that document is not submitted, a Notice to Appear (NTA) in removal proceedings in immigration court will be issued by USCIS.[75]
3. The "jointly filed" box can be checked on the I-751 without the U.S. citizen's signature. In this case, USCIS will issue a request for evidence (RFE) to obtain the signature. If no response to the RFE is filed timely, the I-751 will be denied and considered abandoned.[76] At that point, the only option may be to wait until completion of the divorce or annulment proceedings then late file an I-751 seeking the waiver, arguing there is "good cause" for the late filing.
If USCIS approves the I-751, it will send the conditional resident notice of that fact. In the alternative, the Service Center or local USCIS office may issue a written request for additional evidence.[77] Failure to respond would lead to a denial due to abandonment. Or, if USCIS intends to deny a jointly filed I-751, USCIS must first inform the conditional resident of its intention and of any derogatory evidence upon which its negative conclusions are based. The couple may then submit rebuttal evidence, which USCIS must consider.
If USCIS ultimately denies the I-751, it will give the conditional resident written notice of the grounds for the denial, with instructions to surrender their permanent resident card. CR status terminates as of the date of the denial.[78]
There is no appeal from a denial,[79] although a motion to reopen may be possible.
Following a denial, USCIS should then initiate removal proceedings, in which the denial may be reviewed.[80] In such proceedings, the Department of Homeland Security bears the burden of proof that the marriage was not entered into in good faith, but the noncitizen bears the burden of showing eligibility for a waiver or other discretionary relief.[81]
Upon approval of the I-751, the conditional resident becomes a full permanent resident.
USCIS will manufacture the I-551 (i.e., "green card"). It should be mailed to you within 60 days of the I-751 approval. It should be sent to your U.S. mailing address[82] shown on your I-751, unless an updated address was subsequently reported to USCIS. In the unlikely event that you do not receive the card within 60 days, feel free to contact our firm so that we can follow up with USCIS on your behalf.
When you get the new card, review it carefully to ensure all data on the card is accurate. Provide copies of the front and back sides to our firm so that we can review them for errors, which USCIS occasionally makes.
In particular, please note:
If your old card was category CR1, CR2, CR6, or CR7, the new category should replace the letters CR (conditional resident) with IR (immediate relative).
If your old card was category CF1 or FF2, the new category should replace the letters CF (conditional fiancée) with IF (immediate fiancée).
Card Expires: Permanent resident status lasts indefinitely. Nonetheless, the new card itself will expire and need to be renewed if you do not apply for naturalization and become a U.S. citizen beforehand.
If you are over age 14, the card will be valid for 10 years.
If you are under age 14, within 30 days of reaching age 14 you must apply for a new card (unless you are temporarily outside the U.S., in which case you must apply for a new card within 30 days of return).
Resident Since: This date should match the date of your original admission to or adjustment of status to conditional resident status.
During the period between I-751 approval and receipt of the new card, you will have no evidence of your current immigration status. If you need to travel outside the U.S., before departing the U.S. you should ask your local USCIS field office to provide a stamp in your passport evidencing your status. Such stamps are issued as a matter of discretion.
Like any other permanent resident, a CR can be subject to the grounds of rescission, deportability, or inadmissibility. Also, eligibility for adjustment of status is available only in limited situations.
The government has the power to rescind an erroneous grant of adjustment of status within five years of the grant. USCIS will send a notice of intent to rescind to the person. If the person contests the finding within 30 days, there is a hearing before an immigration judge. However, if the person fails to respond within 30 days, no hearing is required. The standard of proof that the government must meet is "clear, convincing, and unequivocal."[83]
A permanent resident, whether conditional or not, can be subject to removal from the U.S. under several grounds of deportation. For example, someone who was granted permanent residence in error, could be subject to either rescission or could be found deportable for being inadmissible at the time of admission. The deportabilitiy grounds also include termination of conditional residence, marriage fraud, smuggling, various crimes, document offenses, and security offenses, among other things.[84]
A permanent resident seeking to enter the U.S. after travel abroad can be subject to removal under several "ground of inadmissibility," similar but not identical to the grounds of deportability. The grounds of inadmissibility only apply to a permanent resident who[85]:
has abandoned or relinquished that status,
has been absent from the U.S. for a continuous period in excess of 180 days,
has engaged in illegal activity after having departed the U.S.,
has departed from the U.S. while under legal process seeking removal of the alien from the country,
has committed certain crimes, or
is attempting to enter the U.S. without proper inspection by a U.S. Customs and Border Protection officer.
Eligibility for Adjustment of Status
If the I-751 cannot be approved, it may be possible to apply for permanent resident status on another basis. Generally, the first step is that a petition must be filed by a relative or an employer.[86] With the approved petition, the second step is that you can either (a) file with USCIS a Form I-485, Application to Adjust Status; or (b) file with a U.S. Embassy or Consulate abroad an immigrant visa application.
However, the statute bars a CR from filing a Form I-485,[87] meaning that an immigrant visa application must be filed abroad. Still, the Board of Immigration Appeals has held that if CR status has been terminated (such as because the I-751 was not timely filed, the CR failed to appear at the interview, or the I-751 was denied), then a person is no longer a CR, so it is possible to file a Form I-485.[88]
Approval of the I-751 releases the applicant from conditional to full permanent resident status. Other rights and obligations as a permanent resident remain the same. Please see our article, Rights and Obligations of Lawful Permanent Residents, for more information about topics such as:
Alien registration and address change requirements
Sponsor's address change requirement
How to avoid loss of LPR status
Helping family members to immigrate
INA § 2016(a)(1). ↑
Id. ↑
INA § 216(d)(2); 8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(1). ↑
INA § 216(c)(2). ↑
INA § 216(c)(3)(C). ↑
USCIS, Form I-751 Instructions at 5-6 (Dec. 5, 2017). ↑
See generally, Gary Chodorow, Top 11 Ways to Prove a Valid Relationship for Immigration (July 13, 2014). ↑
INA § 216(c)(4); 8 C.F.R. § 216.5(a). ↑
Matter of Stowers, 22 I. & N. Dec. 605 (BIA 1999). But if a jointly filed petition is denied, an extreme hardship waiver cannot be filed. Vasquez v. Holder, 602 F.3d 1003, 1008-19 (9th Cir. 2010). ↑
Matter of Balsillie, 20 I. & N. Dec. 486 (BIA 1992); Matter of Anderson, 20 I. & N. Dec. 888 (BIA 1994) (IJ has no authority to review request for waiver where respondent asserted a different basis for the waiver before INS). ↑
USCIS Memorandum, D. Neufeld, Adjudication of Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence Where the CPR Has a Final Order of Removal, Is in Removal Proceedings, or Has Filed an Unexcused Untimely Petition or Multiple Petitions AD09-48, (October 9, 2009), AILA Doc. No. 09110667. ↑
Matter of Rose, 25 I. & N. Dec. 181 (BIA 2010). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.5(e). ↑
Waggoner v. Gonzales, 488 F.3d 632, 634–38 (5th Cir. 2007) (good faith not required); Singh v. Holder, 591 F.3d 1190, 1197–99 (9th Cir. 2010) (implies that good faith not required). But see Velazquez v. INS, 876 F.Supp. 1071, 1075–78 (D. Minn. 1995) (cannot use provision to waive sham marriage). ↑
INA § 216(c)(4)(C). This is the same standard as the self-petition process for classification as the battered spouse or child of an LPR or U.S. citizen created by the Violence Against Women Act of 1994, INA §§ 201(b)(2)(A)(i) and 204(a)(1)(A)(ii). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.5(e)(3)(i). ↑
I-751 Instructions 6 (Dec. 5, 2017). ↑
INA § 216(g). ↑
USCIS, Filing Location Change for Form I-751 (Sept. 10, 2018). ↑
See AILA-SCOPS Q&A (Sept. 17, 2008), AILA Infonet Doc. 08092369 (If the conditional resident is abroad, the I-751 "should be filed with the Service Center having jurisdiction over the … last place of residence in the U.S."). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(1). ↑
AFM ch. 25.1(g)(4). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(6); AFM ch. 25.1(g)(4). ↑
INA § 216(d)(2)(B). This does not apply to cases seeking a waiver of the joint filing requirement. ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(6). Consistent with that regulation, the USCIS California Service Center states that the "good cause" determination is made only when the I-751 is adjudicated, not prior to issuance of the I-751 receipt notice. California Service Center Quarterly Stakeholder Engagement Meeting: AILA CSC Liaison Committee Notes (Nov. 11, 2011), Infonet Doc. No. 12021547. ↑
It has been argued that USCIS acceptance of a late-filed joint I-751 restores the foreign spouse's conditional residence status. See e.g. Michael E. Piston, Why You Don't Dare Go Home Again—The Insidious Impact of Unlawful Presence, Immigration & Nationality Law Handbook 523 (2009-10 ed.). This argument relies on 8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a), which states in part that "Upon receipt of a properly filed Form I-751, the alien's conditional permanent resident status shall be extended automatically, if necessary, until such time as the director has adjudicated the petition." The term "proper filing" refers to the requirements to file the correct form, sign it, pay the fees, and include the required initial evidence, but not the timeliness requirement. See 8 C.F.R. § 103.2(a)(7)(i). The problem with this argument is that it contradicts the clear rule in 8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(6) that conditional resident status is only "restored" once the late filing is excused and the petition is approved. The I-751 receipt notice, which normally extends the conditional resident's status for one year, states: "This extension and authorization for employment and travel does not apply to you if your conditional resident status has been terminated." ↑
INS Memorandum, P. Virtue, Section 212(a)(9)(b) Relating to Unlawful Presence (Sept. 19, 1997), AILA InfoNet Doc. 97092240 (When permanent resident status "has been restored, the alien will not be considered to have accrued any periods of unlawful presence."); AFM ch. 30.1(d). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(4) ("A petition may be filed regardless of whether the alien is physically present in the United States. However, if the alien is outside the United States at the time of filing, he or she must return to the United States, with his or her spouse and dependent children, to comply with the interview requirements contained in the Act. Furthermore, if the documentation submitted in support of the petition includes affidavits of third parties having knowledge of the bona fides of the marital relationship, the petitioner must arrange for the affiants to be present at the interview, at no expense to the government. Once the petition has been properly filed, the alien may travel outside the United States and return if in possession of documentation as set forth in § 211.1(b)(1) of this chapter, provided the alien and the petitioning spouse comply with the interview requirements described in § 216.4(b). An alien who is not physically present in the United States during the filing period but subsequently applies for admission to the United States shall be processed in accordance with § 235.11 of this chapter [re: admission of CRs].") ↑
A Form I-751 filed by a CR overseas under military or Federal Government orders and who has a valid APO/FPO address is not "automatically" placed on an "overseas hold" because a new Form I-551, Permanent Resident Card, can be issued and sent to an APO/FPO address if the I-751 is approved. Instead, the officer will review the Form I-751 and supporting documentation to determine whether to waive the interview requirement. AFM 25.1(g)(2)(A)(ii). ↑
AILA-SCOPS Q & A, Sept. 17, 2008, AILA Doc No. 08092369. See USCIS American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) Meeting, Mar.19, 2009, AILA Doc. No. 09031920, at p.6-7. ↑
USCIS American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) Meeting, Mar.19, 2009, AILA Doc. No. 09031920, at p.6-7. ↑
AFM 25.1(g)(4)(C). ↑
AILA-SCOPS Q & A, Sept. 17, 2008, AILA Doc No. 08092369. ↑
Report of ISD Teleconference, AILA InfoNet Doc. No. 00101702 (posted Oct. 17, 2000) ("In response to our question regarding I-751 cases where a foreign address is provided by the petitioner and beneficiary and the petition is automatically placed on an overseas hold, INS has stated that if a U.S. address is listed on the form (c/o another party), INS will be able to adjudicate the I-751. Therefore, members are advised to file all I-751 petitions that they don't want placed on an overseas hold with a U.S. address."). ↑
A reentry permit may be helpful in this regard. ↑
AFM 25.1 ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.4(a)(2), (4); Form I-751 Instructions (Rev. Dec. 30, 2009). ↑
USCIS Fee Schedule, 81 Fed. Reg. 73292 (Oct. 24, 2016) (to be codified at 8 C.F.R. § 103.7). ↑
Unless a traffic incident was alcohol or drug related, you do not need to submit documentation for traffic fines and incidents that did not involve an actual arrest if the only penalty was a fine of less than $500 and/or points on your driver's license. Form I-751 Instructions 4 (Apr. 11, 2013). ↑
USCIS, Update to Form I-797 Receipt Notices for Form I-751 and Form I-829 (June 12, 2018). ↑
Employers are required to verify the employment authorization of their employees by completing Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification. 8 C.F.R. § 274a.2(b). However, employment eligibility should not be reverified merely because conditional residence has expired. USCIS, Handbook for Employers M-274 Part 5.1 (Jan. 11, 2018). ↑
AILA-USCIS Field Operations Directorate Agenda 3 (Apr. 7, 2016), AILA Doc. No. 16041961. ↑
AILA-USCIS Field Operations Directorate Agenda 5-6 (Oct. 22, 2015), AILA Doc. No. 15110332. ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.4(b)(1). ↑
AILA/SCOPS Teleconference Minutes (July 26, 2017), AILA Doc. No. 17091131. ↑
USCIS, Update: New Biometrics Process for Conditional Permanent Residents, Feb. 28, 2007, AILA Infonet Doc. No. 07030261. ↑
CIS Ombudsman, Annual Report 2018 30 (June 28, 2018) (citing information provided by USCIS). ↑
AFM 25.1(i). ↑
AFM 25.1(g)(1), as revised by USCIS, Policy Memorandum, Revised Interview Waiver Guidance for Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence (PM-602-0168) (Nov. 30, 2018), AILA Doc. No. 18121035. When determining whether to waive an interview, the considerations listed above apply regardless of whether the Form I-751 is filed as a joint petition or as a waiver of the joint filing requirement. Id. ↑
AFM 25.1(i)(1). ↑
Edwards v. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Div. of Dept. of Homeland Sec., 2011 WL 5077775 (D. Minn. 2011), report and recommendation adopted, 2011 WL 5077619 (D. Minn. 2011) (Court lacks jurisdiction to review expedited removal in the case of an individual who applied for admission after his I-751 was denied). Al Khedri v. Sedlock, 2009 WL 3380681 (N.D. Ill. 2009) (same). ↑
See generally Gary Chodorow, Ground of Inadmissibility under U.S. Immigration Law, https://lawandborder.com/grounds-of-inadmissibility/. ↑
See Gary Chodorow, Green Card Holders Who Stay Abroad over 6 Months Risk Abandonment (Feb. 3, 2013), https://lawandborder.com/risk-abandoning-green-card-abroad-6-months/. ↑
AILA, Practice Pointer: Obtaining a Temporary I-551 Stamp Due to the Delayed Adjudication of an I-751 Petition, AILA Doc. No. 17111739 (Nov. 17, 2017). ↑
USCIS, USCIS Field Operations—AILA Meeting 11 (Apr. 11, 2013). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 216.1. ↑
USCIS Policy Manual, vol. 5, Part G, ch. 5. ↑
For more information about expeditious naturalization under section 319(b), see Gary Chodorow, Expeditious Naturalization for Spouses of U.S. Citizens Employed Abroad, https://lawandborder.com/expeditious-naturalization-for-spouses-of-u-s-citizens-employed-abroad/. ↑
USCIS Honolulu, Naturalization FAQ Sheet for Spouse of a U.S. Citizen Regularly Stationed Abroad: The Honolulu Process (May 10, 2004), http://tokyo.usembassy.gov/pdfs/wwwf319b.pdf. ↑
INA § 319(b). ↑
Memo, Neufeld, Acting Assoc. Director, USCIS, I-751 Filed Prior to Termination of Marriage 2 (Apr. 3, 2009) AILA Doc. No. 09072166. ↑
Id. at 2-3; USCIS, Remove Conditions on Permanent Residence Based on Marriage (Feb. 2, 2018). ↑
Memo, Neufeld, Acting Assoc. Director, USCIS, I-751 Filed Prior to Termination of Marriage 1-2 (Apr. 3, 2009) AILA Doc. No. 09072166; USCIS, Remove Conditions on Permanent Residence Based on Marriage (Feb. 2, 2018). ↑
8 CFR § 216.4(a)(1). ↑
AILA National—VSC Liaison Conference Call, May 30, 2007, AILA Infonet Doc. No. 07061171; I-751 Instructions (Rev. 07/30/07) at 4 ("We may request more information or evidence.") ↑
8 C.F.R. § 214.6(d)(2). ↑
8 C.F.R. § 214.6(d)(2). Still, it may be possible to ask USCIS to certify the case to the Administrative Appeals Unit. See, e.g., Matter of __, File No.A40-418-687, 13 Immigr. Rep. B2-102 (AAU June 20, 1994); Matter of __, File No.A42-135-845, 11 Immigr. Rep. B2-54 (AAU Dec. 29, 1992). ↑
8 C.F.R. §§ 216.4(d)(2), 216.5(f). ↑
See Opinion by Grover Joseph Rees III, INS General Counsel (Dec. 3, 1991), reproduced in 69 Interpreter Releases 627 (May 18, 1992). ↑
AILA-SCOPS Q & A September 17, 2008. ↑
See generally INA § 246(a); 8 C.F.R. §§246.1, 3. ↑
INA § 237(a). ↑
INA § 101(a)(13)(C). ↑
A person admitted as a K-1 fiancé(e) may only re-adjust based on an approved petition filed by the same U.S. citizen who filed the Form I-129F, Petition for Alien Fiancé(e). INA § 245(d); 8 C.F.R. § 245.1(c)(6). ↑
INA § 245(d). See 8 C.F.R. § 245.1(b)(12). ↑
Matter of Stockwell, 20 I. & N. Dec. 309 (BIA 1991). See 7 USCIS-PM B.7(G). ↑
Tags Conditional Resident, I-751
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31 replies on "Guide to Form I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence"
Ania Precinasays:
My husband is a US citizen. We got married in May 2012, and I received my temporary green card in late October 2012. In September 2013 I went to my home country in Europe, where I am currently, and I am not sure how long I will stay due to some family health and family business issues. Hopefully I will be able to go back to the USA by at the latest January 2014, but I am not sure if I will have to return to Europe again (Maybe March to June 2014). My questions are:
1. Will my absences matter for my Form I-751, Petition to Remove the Conditions on Residence, or for naturalization? (I read somewhere that for naturalization you need to be in the USA for 1 year straight. I was not.)
2. When applying for I-751 they said they might call you for an interview. If so, when will it likely be?
3. In the USA, I have my own business which I currently manage from Europe. I am renting an apartment with my husband in the U.S., and my life is there (drivers license, I do taxes every year, phone, bank, personal items everything). My husband is coming to visit me here next month. But when apply for I-751 do we just need to fill out the form or send them some other proof like we had to for the first interview? If so, and in this case since I am temporarily abroad, what would that be? Would that be our communication such as emails, messages, airplane tickets and what else?
4. I found this statement on the government website, and my question is, is this a requirement just for naturalization or also when applying for I-751? "Living within the state or USCIS district with jurisdiction over the applicant's place of residence for at least three months prior to the date of filing."
5. Overall both for I-751 and naturalization I figured that as long as you are half of the time (in my case 3 years) in the USA and for naturalization 3 months before applying for naturalization, and you have your life in the USA, as in my case, that should be fine with the immigration law. Is that right?
Thank you so so much!
Ania Precina
Gary Chodorowsays:
Ania,
To file an I-751, it doesn't matter how long you've spent abroad in the past, and there is no requirement that you spend 1 year straight in the U.S. But if you're still abroad when you file, see Part 3 of the Guide related to considerations for persons living temporarily abroad, which discusses the "overseas hold."
The above I-751 Guide should also address your other questions such as timing of the interview and what supporting documents to file.
More generally, for permanent residents who stay abroad for significant periods of time, see the following articles:
* Your Green Card Is at Risk if You Stay Outside the U.S. over 6 Months
* Guide to Reentry Permits
* Can a Permanent Resident Who's Been Abroad for 6 Months Apply for U.S. Citizenship?
Unfortunately, as you can see from the above citizenship article, the rules aren't as simple as "as long as you are half of the time … in the USA … that should be fine."
Abrahamsays:
I received my 2-year conditional resident card about a month ago and will be celebrate my 2-year wedding anniversary in a month. When should my wife and I file the Form I-751 to get the 10-year permanent resident card?
Abraham:
The window for filing the I-751 is the 90-day period before your conditional resident card expires (not the window before your two-year wedding anniversary).
Ivanasays:
Dear Mr. Chodorow,
I am a US Citizen residing in Australia with my Australian husband and our daughter. My husband received his GC November 30, 2012 when we were back in the US looking for work. We were unable to find employment and returned to Australia where we have been since January 2013. His GC expires November 30, 2014 and we are not prepared to relocate yet due to the US job market (husband has been out of US for 18 months with no re-entry permit). Shall we still file our I-751 next month and the SB-1 as well, or forgo the entire process and begin again when we are ready to move back in a few years? Thank you.
Ivana,
You're asking good questions.
Your husband's green card is not a valid entry document after he's been abroad for 1 year straight. So applyling for an SB-1 returning resident visa is possible, but it's hard to qualify–the stay abroad has to be "beyond" your husband's "control." Ordinarily, just not being able to find a U.S. job isn't a good enough reason, especially since his odds of finding a U.S. job would increase if he were in the U.S. for the job search. Another possibility is to get to the U.S. border or a U.S. airport and apply to U.S. Customs and Border Protection for a waiver of the entry document.
But you may not want to fight your way back to the U.S. (or file the I-751) if you plan on living in Australia for a few years anyway.
All I'm doing is laying out some of the issues for you. The standard advice is to meet with a qualified U.S. immigration lawyer to help you figure out a strategy that best matches your personal factual situation and goals.
Thank you Gary for all your help and information. So shall we not file our US taxes jointly then since he "abandoned" his LPR? Our can we file $0 tax return in the US? This is far too confusing.
Another excellent question. While your husband may have abandoned his LPR status for immigration purposes, the tax rules may be different: his tax obligations may continue until there is an administrative determination by the government that his status has terminated. Discuss the tax rules with your tax adviser.
One way that a immigration law firm like ours can help clients is to file the Form I-407, Abandonment of LPR Status, with the government, thereby terminating LPR status for immigration and tax purposes. This can also facilitate your husband's entry to the U.S. under the visa waiver program.
DD77says:
Our CR189 was filed with USCIS VSC on December 5. That's nearly 8 months ago. No RFEs, no updates. E-request shows it is pending a decision. Is there a call for concern since it is outside the normal processing time?
DD77,
USCIS Vermont Service Center shows that processing times for I-751s are 6 months. So your case is outside normal processing time. If I were the lawyer, I would likely contact the USCIS National Customer Service Center to see if there's an update and, if not, to ask that the Center send a follow-up request (called a Service Request Management Tool ticket) to the VSC. USCIS' goal is to respond to such follow-up requests within 15 days.
One concern about the delay is that my driver's license expires in March, at the same time that my 1-year extension of CR status expires.
As mentioned above in Part 3.9, in recognition of the lengthy delays in obtaining a decision on a Form I-751, USCIS issues a Form I-797 filing receipt that extends a conditional resident's status for a full year beyond the date shown on the I-551. If the I-751 is still pending after that year has passed, then the applicant should obtain additional evidence of CR status.
Take the I-797 receipt, the I—551 card, and an unexpired passport to the local USCIS district office to request a new stamp in the passport to indicate extension of conditional resident status for an additional year. An appointment may be required.
You should be able to use that to extend your driver's license.
Luissays:
In 1985 I was convicted for a 3rd degree felony (aggregated theft). After 29 years I decided to clear my charge. Hired a lawyer. The court determined to unsatisfactorily dismiss my case because I was not present when the probation time was given. Then we got married, went to the first interview with a lawyer and everything went fine. Now we are sending the I 751 form but I am weary that this old case might in some way become a problem and my permanent residency denied. My marriage is legal and wonderful.
Luis: Time to speak with an immigration attorney to determine whether you are deportable from the U.S. and how to deal with that. Why not schedule a consultation with our law firm?
Thanks for your responses. Appreciated.
Gurvindersays:
I applied for I-751 on 4th october 2011 ( Got my CR in October 2009 )under waiver of good faith marriage as i was in divorce proceedings.On the interview ( September 2012) the officer asked for divorce decree and "one more document" to be submitted within 84 days.I submitted the other document but submitted the divorce decree in june 2013 ,when my divorce got finalized.Constantly updated about my divorce case to the IO.But now it has been more than a year that I submitted mmy divorce decree and have heard nothing form them.Only response I get is that "your case is under pending consideration".In October this year i.e 2014 it will be 5 years for me staying in USA.I am planning to file N 400 ,so that it may force or trigger USCIS to adjudicate my pending I- 751.
What is your best advise Sir,should I go ahead and file N 400 or just keep waiting for the results of pending 751,I have not done any crime or other such things.
Gurvinder,
My advice is to hire a competent immigration lawyer. You don't want to file the N-400 and take the risk (even if small) that you could go to the naturalization interview only to be informed that your I-751 is not approvable and you are subject to deportation. The lawyer can help follow up on the I-751, which appears to remain pending long after normal processing times. Hopefully you're right that the I-751 is approvable with just a nudge.
Mikesays:
You mentioned that the I-751 has a receipt number which is different from the ASC receipt number. Once I file my I-751, I'm worried that I won't be able to track my case, including whether or not the ASC notice has ever been issued. This concerns me because I've heard of people being denied for failing to appear for fingerprint notices, and also because I have no idea what length of time is reasonable to wait for an ASC, or if they will accept my previous fingerprints.
Once I get my I-751 receipt, is there no way to track the case while waiting for the ASC notice to arrive? Or is that something that requires an attorney? Thank you in advance for your help.
For I-751s, USCIS tracks cases by the "application number" shown on the biometrics appointment notice, not by the "receipt number" shown on the receipt notice (which if tracked just shows "your case cannot be found"). If you're concerned that the biometrics appointment notice has been issued but not received, you always have the option to call the USCIS National Customer Service Center, which can track your case by the receipt number.
Markussays:
I filed a Form I-751, Petition to Remove the Conditions on Residence, jointly with my US citizen wife on August 18, 2013. It has been almost 16 months since then, and I have not heard anything. My online case status says "initial review."I've had two InfoPass appointments at the local USCIS office and am about to have a third. Each the officer givves me 2 or 3-month extensions only. Why is it taking so long when the USCIS website states that I-751s are taking 6 months at the California Service Center? Should I be concerned?
Markus,
Freud, who famously interpreted symbols in dreams, is reputed to have said, "Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar," meaning that sometimes things should be taken at face value not as symbols of other things.
In your case, the delayed adjudication of the I-751 may or may not be a sign that something is wrong with the case. One approach would be to, during your next InfoPass appointment, bring a printout of the USCIS processing times for the California Service Center to show that your case is beyond the regular processing time. You can ask the officer to file an inquiry with the Service Center about this. In the alternative, you can make a similar request now by phone with the USCIS National Customer Service Center. Maybe the best option is to consult with our law firm or another competent immigration attorney, who can review the I-751 and the facts of your case to provide an opinion about whether there may be a problem in the case or USCIS just needs to be pushed to wrap it up.
nabilasays:
Hi, I entered into my marriage with good faith but my husband wants to divorce me. I filed the I-751, and the USCIS gave me a receipt notice extenidng my conditional resident status for one year. I also attended the biometrics appointment to be fingerprinted. What's the next step?
Nabila,
I strongly recommend you consult with our law firm or another competent immigration attorney.
To begin to answer your question about what's the next part of the procedure, I'd need to understand on what basis you filed the I-751 and what's the status of the divorce proceedings.
For example, if you filed the I-751 jointly with your husband (with his signature), and divorce proceedings have been initiated, the pending proceedings cannot be the sole reason for USCIS to deny the jointly filed petition. Instead, upon learning of the pending proceedings, USCIS should give you a notice providing you 87 days to submit the divorce decree. If you can timely provide the divorce decree, then your previously filed I-751 will be treated as if had had been filed under the "waiver" provision for cases where the marriage was in good faither but ended in divorce. See Memo, Neufeld, Acting Assoc. Director, USCIS, I-751 Filed Prior to Termination of Marriage (Apr. 3, 2009) at 2, published on AILA InfoNet at Doc. No. 09072166. The situation becomes more complicated if you are unable to provide the divorce decree on a timely basis.
Mariesays:
I'm just confused about my conditional GC I-751, after I finished sending my requirements to removed my conditional status, they sent me another letter and it notify me that they relocated to the USCIS where I live for adjudication…I don't understand it,should I worry about this?
Thanks so much..
danilasays:
I sent my I-751 packet to Vermont service center and they received it last wednesday. Today I was checking the US IS website and read that SC residents should foward their I-751 to California service center. Do they send the package to the right service center or foward back to me? Should I wait? I'm confused and don't know water to do.
Christalsays:
I received my 1 year extension letter after filing my I-751 and have already finished my biometrics appointment. I was planning on traveling abroad for right at 3 months this winter. Will this be a problem with the I-751 still pending?
Christal,
You may want to have a lawyer assess the strength of your I-751 before you depart the U.S. The reason is that if the I-751 is denied your conditional resident status is terminated. If this happens while you are outside the United States, you are not entitled to be readmitted. As a result, you lose the opportunity to have the I-751 denial reviewed by an Immigration Judge, and you may be subject to expedited removal if you attempt to enter the country. See Edwards v. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Div. of Dept. of Homeland Sec., 2011 WL 5077775 (D. Minn. 2011), report and recommendation adopted, 2011 WL 5077619 (D. Minn. 2011) (Court lacks jurisdiction to review expedited removal in the case of an individual who applied for admission after his I-751 was denied). Al Khedri v. Sedlock, 2009 WL 3380681 (N.D. Ill. 2009) (same).
Jay Williamsays:
I am a conditional permanent resident, Me and my spouse entered into my marriage with good faith, now we both want divorce as our marriage is not working out. My spouse is planning to divorce me so do I. Does it matter who file for the divorce?
I am hearing from people that if I file for divorce, I am not eligible to apply for i751 with waiver for joint filing or chances of getting approved is zero and I will have to leave US but If my spouse divorce me then I can apply for i751and get approved as no fault divorce to remove my condition. How valid is this statement?
I am confused please advise me.
That rumor is false. Now would be a good time to consult with our law firm or another qualified immigration lawyer.
Puneetsays:
For the fingerprinting, does my wife need to accompany me?
My green card is through marriage to my wife and I've submitted my I-751 and received notice for fingerprinting. Will USCIS capture fingerprints for both me and my wife, or or only me i.e. do both of us need to appear at fingerprint appointment?
The biometrics appointment notice should specify that the appointment is for the conditional resident only.
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Home » Film, TV, Unions & Guilds »
Reynolds Mastin named head of CMPA
The well-known face of CMPA negotiations and legal matters takes over the reins from Michael Hennessy, who retires this week.
By Katie Bailey
You know him as the face of CMPA negotiations and the guy unafraid to go toe-to-toe with broadcasters at major industry events.
But you'll now get to know Reynolds Mastin under a brand new title: president and CEO of the Canadian Media Producers Association.
Mastin takes over from Michael Hennessy, who starts his career retirement as of July 31.
Hennessy had been at the helm of the CMPA since 2012, leading the organization through a highly tumultuous time that most recently included the Let's Talk TV hearings and decisions.
Riding shotgun during all of this – and during the 2010 Terms of Trade negotiations – has been Mastin, who joined the CMPA in 2008 as associate counsel. Prior to that, he articled at the CRTC and served as legal counsel at the Canadian Association of Broadcasters (CAB). He was promoted to chief negotiator and chief legal officer at the CMPA in 2012.
Mastin has continued to hold an outspoken position in defense of Terms of Trade, which was removed by the CRTC as a condition of licence during the Let's Talk TV decisions. The CMPA fought the decision with an appeal in federal court but at Banff, where Mastin led a panel discussing the place of Terms of Trade in the Canadian TV industry and similar programs abroad, he revealed that the CMPA's case had been dismissed.
In a later interview with Playback, Mastin said the CMPA was not going to pursue further legal action but instead would work behind the scenes with the CRTC on identifying "appropriate safeguards" for producer-broadcaster relationships and finding new terms on which to trade.
The CMPA has been on the search for a new leader for several months now, but Mastin ultimately emerged as the ideal candidate, said Jamie Brown, chair of the board of directors, in a press release.
"What impressed the selection committee and led to its unanimous decision was not only Reynolds' insight into where we are as an industry, but also his vision for how to transform the organization to achieve its goals in the future," Brown said.
For his part, Mastin said building new relationships and strengthening old ones would be a focus of his tenure, praising independent producers' ability to "forge partnerships and seize opportunities."
"I intend to build on these achievements by strengthening relationships with our longstanding industry partners, both in Canada and abroad, while bringing into the tent the new players in content creation and distribution that are remaking the media landscape as we know it," he said in a statement. "We have an opportunity to create a better capitalized and more sustainable independent production sector that enables all stakeholders and partners to build success stories on new platforms in increasingly competitive global markets."
Photo credit: John Hyrniuk
Canadian Media Producers Association, CMPA, Reynolds Mastin
Photo Gallery: 2020 TFCA Gala - Presenter Margaret Atwood with Amanda Brugel.