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Why I think 1 Cor 7:36-38 is about fathers and daughters, not betrothed guys in Corinth's "youth group"
Posted by Ryan Martin in Exegesis and Theology, Ministry, Musings
1 Corinthians 7, Betrothal, Calvin, Celibacy, Ciampa, Corinthians, Garland, Gill, Interpretation, marriage, Morris, Paul, Rosner, Singleness
When I entered into my study of 1 Cor 7:36-38, I assumed, almost cavalierly, that the passage is really about the single younger men in Corinth who found themselves betrothed to young women, either inside or outside the church. I viewed the interpretation of fathers and daughters, like that of the "spiritual virgins" view, as pretty much impossible.
Let me back up for a moment. Paul's instructions in 1 Cor 7:36-38 can be interpreted several different ways, depending upon the individual decisions you make with the text. Truly, the Greek can go in several different directions. This is best illustrated in the English translations. The English Standard Version translates it with a slant towards betrothed gentlemen:
[36] If anyone thinks that he is not behaving properly toward his betrothed, if his passions are strong, and it has to be, let him do as he wishes: let them marry—it is no sin. [37] But whoever is firmly established in his heart, being under no necessity but having his desire under control, and has determined this in his heart, to keep her as his betrothed, he will do well. [38] So then he who marries his betrothed does well, and he who refrains from marriage will do even better.
The New American Standard Bible, on the other hand, shows a translation that tilts toward fathers and their unmarried daughters:
36 But if any man thinks that he is acting unbecomingly toward his virgin daughter, if she is past her youth, and if it must be so, let him do what he wishes, he does not sin; let her marry. 37 But he who stands firm in his heart, being under no constraint, but has authority over his own will, and has decided this in his own heart, to keep his own virgin daughter, he will do well. 38 So then both he who gives his own virgin daughter in marriage does well, and he who does not give her in marriage will do better.
Most modern commentators argue for the "betrothed, single men" [BSM] view. The biggest question in this passage is what one does with the verb γαμίζω. It appears nowhere else in Paul except two times in verse 38. Elsewhere, Paul uses the verb γαμέω, which means simply, "to marry" (see 1 Cor 7:9, 10, 28, 33, 34, 36, 39; 1 Tim 4:3; 5:11, 14). The verb γαμίζω can mean either "to marry," or "to give in marriage." We see both verbs used in close proximity to each other in Matt 22:30, Mark 12:25, and Luke 17:27. Luke 17:27 (ESV) says, "They were eating and drinking and marrying [ἐγάμουν] and being given in marriage [ἐγαμίζοντο], until the day when Noah entered the ark, and the flood came and destroyed them all."
Nevertheless, as David Garland suggests in his commentary, there are several reasons for the BSM view over against the "fathers with unmarried daughters" [FwUD] view:
Nothing in the immediate context truly prepares the reader to understand this passage to refer to fathers with their betrothed daughters. Moreover, the remark about betrothed women marrying in verse 28 makes comments about a father and daughter irrelevant.
The verb "let them marry," at the end of verse 36 is plural, which would be hard to make cohere with a FBD view. (Compare Ciampa & Rosner, 1 Corinthians, 356)
It would be unusual for a first century Greek writer to refer to a father's betrothed daughter as a "his virgin," or "his betrothed." For example, Acts calls Philip's daughters "his virgin daughters," not "his virgins."
The word ὑπέρακμος [hyperakmos] in verse 26 (translated "passions are strong") probably doesn't mean "past marriageable age" or "overripe."
Those who translate ὁ γαμίζων as "the one given in marriage" are over-interpreting the distinction between the verb forms for γαμέω and γαμίζω; they both can mean "to marry." Paul chose it because he wanted an intransitive verb.
If Paul's advocating that a father's "authority" over his betrothed daughter, it would be at worst tyrannical or at least inconsistent with the rest of the NT.
It would be unnecessary to inform a married father that the single life is better than the married life.
While there is a persuasiveness to the BSM view, it is not necessary, and none of these arguments are overwhelmingly convincing. The early church held that Paul was speaking to fathers with unmarried daughters. (N.B.: Garland says Chrysostom holds the FwUD view, but the Greek father's commentary on 1 Corinthians argues that Paul speaks of "spiritual virgins," i.e., those married couples who had vowed to each other not to enjoy intimacy for the Lord's sake.) Calvin, John Gill, Charles Hodge, Robertson & Plummer, Leon Morris, and John Macarthur are among those who hold this view. (Paul Barnett evidently holds this view as well, but I have not been able to confirm that.)
Over the course of my study, however, I saw the FwUD view as a more satisfying interpretation. To begin, allow me to interact briefly with each of Garland's arguments:
Verse 36 does not introduce a new subject, because the matter of fathers and betrothed daughters is related to the original question the Corinthians asked Paul. As Paul says in verse 25, "Now concerning the betrothed . . .," this entire section (vv25-38) is about the betrothed. We're not exactly sure what question about the "virgins" or "betrothed" that the Corinthian believers asked Paul (cf. 7:1). Verse 28 speaks to daughters who are already betrothed and evidently have some say in the matter. (The IVPBBCNT notes, "Parents arranged their children's marriages, usually with some input from their children; the father had the greatest measure of authority in the matter.") Verse 36 speaks to the fathers who are considering what to do with their unmarried virgin daughters.
The point about the third-person plural imperative verb "let them marry" [γαμείτωσαν] in verse 36 is problematic for both interpretations. If Paul begins to speak to betrothed young men in verse 36, why does he then shift to speak to the entire congregation with this kind of imperative? Heretofore in chapter 7, he has addressed the individual sub-groups as they are, not giving the congregation authority over them (as he presumably would be here, given a 3d person plural imperative). It would be unusual for him now to say the entire congregation, "let this betrothed guy and his virgin marry." The words "let them marry" allows the virgin daughter to marry the young man to whom her father gives her, and it would have been in her fiancee's power to take his new bride in marriage. It was in the father's power to "give her in marriage" (v38). Either way, this is not an insurmountable obstacle.
As for the argument that daughters are rarely, if ever, referred to as the "virgins" of the father, Paul uses the generic term "virgins," which gives him the ability to speak to both guardians and fathers.
The word ὑπέρακμος [hyperakmos] does not need to refer to "past marriageable age" in a FwUD view. Bruce Winter in his crucial article written on this in 1998 (Winter's article favors the BSM view) acknowledges that the word ὑπέρακμος could mean either "reaching of puberty and reproduction for women or sexual passion for men." So, in a FwUD view, Paul is saying that, if a father senses that his daughter is at the right age for marriage and "it ought to be"–she is restless for a husband–then the father should go ahead and let her marry. The daughter is clearly not given to a single life.
It is true that the verbs γαμέω and γαμίζω can both mean "to marry." However, it seems very strange that Paul would arbitrarily switch to γαμίζω after using the verb γαμέω seven other times in the passage. As the Scriptures noted above indicate, when put up next to each other, γαμέω and γαμίζω could very well be intended to speak of different actions: to marry and to give in marriage. Moreover, Paul just told the father to "let them marry" in verse 36. If he was speaking directly to betrothed young men, then it would have made more sense for him to use a second person imperative in verse 36. The switch in verbs, though not necessarily referring to different acts, are difficult to side-step.
It is not too authoritative to see Paul speaking to a father who lovingly gave away his daughter in marriage. Schrenk and others who see such a strong violation of the daughter's rights in this passage are interpreting this passage with modern conceptions of dating and marriage in mind. Indeed, given the customs of the ancient world, it would make more sense for Paul to address fathers with eligible daughters than for him not to.
Paul addresses the fathers, not because marriage is bad, but because they had authority over their daughter in Biblical times. This does not necessitate that we embrace the exact same cultural practices today, but it does tell us that parents do have authority over their children, which even the most egalitarian-minded moderns concede (up to a certain age). Paul does not wish the father to make decisions capriciously against his daughters will. In fact, he instructs him to take carefully into account his daughter's circumstances.
As I said at the beginning, I entered into my study assuming that the best interpretation was the BSM view. Upon allowing myself to consider seriously the FwUD view, I saw its merit. I could certainly still be convinced of the BSM interpretation, but I don't think that the arguments for that view are as strong as the traditional view.
In the end, I believe that Paul is speaking to fathers with virgin daughters. His advice is to consider their station carefully before making decisions on their behalf. If he is concerned about the social stigmas attached to keeping his daughter at home ("if anyone thinks that he is not behaving properly toward his [virgin]"), if she is of the right age for marrying ("if she is of full bloom"), and if she seems to have strong desires for marriage ("and thus it must be so"), he should do whatever he wants ("let him do what he wishes") in bringing about her marriage ("let them marry"). "It is no sin," Paul says. Any father who decides to keep his daughter single must be very careful about choosing this "better" situation for her. He must be "firmly established in his heart," having considered the concerns raised in verse 36 and convinced of the spiritual benefits of singleness Paul outlines in vv25-35 (i.e., he should not be interested in enslaving his daughter for his own selfish reasons). There should be "no necessity" in his daughter's mind for marriage, lest he give her over to too great a temptation. If the father has the right and authority (slaves did not have this right), then he should do what he wants and keep her as his own virgin (better, "as a virgin," see Morris, 118). If he "gives his own virgin in marriage," the father "does well," but if, given Paul's personal preference for singleness and service to Lord expressed in vv25-35, he does not give her in marriage, the father "does better."
Have you looked at this passage? What did you conclude and why?
7 thoughts on "Why I think 1 Cor 7:36-38 is about fathers and daughters, not betrothed guys in Corinth's "youth group""
davidbrainerd2 said:
The possessive "his" as in "his virgin" in verse 36 clearly shows the father is being referred to. And if that weren't convincing enough verse 38 is 100% clear: "So then he that giveth her in marriage doeth well; but he that giveth her not in marriage doeth better." (KJV) It is never the groom that gives the woman in marriage to himself! The father always does that. So the other interpretation is an epic fail from the beginning. You don't need the NASB to see that. The KJV is clear on this too.
Also, if a groom decided to "keep his virgin" (as in never actually marry her) then the father would obviously invalidate the betrothal and marry her to someone else! We see similar situations in the Old Testament (not exactly the same, but similar) where a woman is given to someone else because the man she is betrothed to is not around (for example, one of David's "wives" while he is on the run). The groom has NO POWER to "keep his virgin" as a virgin forever. But in ancient societies fathers did have such a power over their daughters. Case closed.
Dan Depew said:
I would encourage you to consider the O.T. background for this passage. In the dreaded 'Law', Scripture is very clear. A husband/father had complete control over his wife and daughters. Please consider Numbers 30.1ff, Deuteronomy 22.13ff (v. 16), and Judges 3.6; 11.30ff. The modern translations, I suspect, can't bear to have the Law of God answer such a contemporary issue as to who decides what a woman will do with her marriage prospects. That would be way too old fashioned. But the apostle Paul had no such qualms.
caleb said:
I think this verse is dealing with three people. The couple and the dad. If you go to I corinthians 7:9 it says if THEY (The couple) can not contain, let them marry (who is letting them marry?) In verse nine we have at least 3 people mentioned.
Go to vs 36-38 and we are still talking about three people, the young lady who is given the condition of being past the flower of her age (I assume past puberty) the guy who she is bethrothed to who paul is strongly recommending to not get married at this time due to the present distress (vs26) and suggest he keep his virgin, and I think that is not talking about the girl but his own viginity (the having no necessity strongly gives that impression especially in light of vs 9), and then to fathers he says that if he lets his daughter marry its good you kept her from sexual immoralty but if they can wait you have done better because the church of corinth had some issues.
This has practical application for today. Many people say that teens are going to have sex, as a Christian we believe sex should only happen after marriage so if two teens wants to have sex they should get married first but for that to happen their parents have to sign the papers, they have to "let them marry".
james said:
1Cor. 7:25,26 and ver.35-38. The word virgin refers to a single celibate MAN. See verses 25,26. The same train of thought is picked up on verses 36-38. Its about a single MAN remaining single (VIRGIN STATE) so as to serve the Lord without distraction. The key to understanding it all begins with verses 25 and 26, where the word man and virgin are synonymous.
Susan Sekali said:
So James, what do you do about "the virgin he is engaged to"? he cannot be engaged to his own "virgin state"…
Yirmeyahu said:
I think you "scholars" can't see the forest for the trees. You are reading way too much into it. Solomon once said there is nothing new under the sun. People have been fornicating since people figured out that they could. In reality if a young man wanted to have sex with a girl there is nothing the father could do anyways. You can try to argue semantics if you wish. The whole point of this chapter and the preceding one is to STOP THE FORNICATING. Keep that in mind when making your interpretations. I think the KJV got it right.
« Jun Apr »


Now that I've read it, I have no idea why I put off reading this for so long. I was under the impression that this was yet another supernatural romance. Instead, it's a brilliantly suspenseful and thrilling debut that makes me wish YA had more mysteries like this. It's not paranormal really, a tiny spray of fantasy on an otherwise realistic mystery. Only Violet's ability is out of the ordinary, the rest of the book just feels quite contemporary.
My favorite part was the fact that it included parts from the killer's perspective. How morbid is that? Better yet, how gripping is that!? I felt myself rushing through the regular chapters just to reach the creepy italic-lettered part in which my heart would speed up to an unnatural rhythm and I'd be literally squeezing the book as I read. Plus, it has a freakish and utterly unexpected twist around the middle that I DID NOT SEE COMING! That was truly a first, because after being a reader for so long, I tend to picture and imagine all possible scenarios and every possible ending while I'm reading. SO once I'm there, I might be surprised but I have almost always been dangerously close. But here... it was like Whhhaaaat!!!?? Then you realize the author was just teasing, trying to confuse you, and them BAM! Another bomb!... SHOCKING! And then you know, just a regular ending. But the twist... WOW!
Maybe you'll understand what I mean, maybe you'll just figure out I'm crazy, but either way you'll enjoy this awesome book. Definitely need to know what on earth happens next. Overall, a very original and fresh page-turner that mixes a delicious romance with some heart-pumping suspense. We should campaign for more mysteries/suspense in YA.
Amazing! I've yet to read this. I wish I own it though. That's sort of the reason why I'm waiting...I guess I shouldn't put it off any longer! Must go to the bookstore! :D Thanks for your review.
I absolutely adored this one! I loved everything about it and can't wait for Desires of the Dead, I'm super excited to see where that book will go.


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David L. Higgins, Jr. Dedication and Tribute Pages
Our dear friend and mentor, Mr. David L. Higgins, Jr. recently passed away. In an effort to preserve his legacy, we have dedicated our new kitchen facilities and activity center to his memory. The formal dedication ceremony was held on Tuesday, September 22, 2015.
The Board of Directors and Staff of
The Leominster Spanish-American Center, Inc.
Cordially invite you to attend the opening and dedication of the
David L. Higgins, Jr. Cocina and Activity Center
Tuesday, September 22, 2015, at 10 am 112 Spruce Street, Leominster, MA 01453
RSVP Mickey Guzman 978-534-3145 ext. 114
m_guzman@spanishamericancenter.org
Following the dedication, please join us for a tour and refreshments.
Mr. David L. Higgins, Jr. was a dedicated community advocate and a special friend of and mentor to the Staff and Board of Directors of the Leominster Spanish – American Center. By dedicating our new Cocina and Activity Center to his memory, we seek to continue his legacy, enabling scores of children and families to benefit from our expanded food and nutrition programs for many years to come.
The Leominster Spanish-American Center's mission is to respond to the social, health, educational, and cultural needs of the greater Leominster area with special focus on the Hispanic/Latino community. We offer programs that ameliorate the problems of language, hunger, poverty and access. We foster economic self-sufficiency, equal opportunity and active participation in community-related activities. The Center is a Non-Profit 501 (c) (3) agency.
David L. Higgins Jr.
Public Health and Human
Service Administrator
David L. Higgins, Jr., whose joie de vivre and devotion to improving the lives, health, and safety of others defined his life and career, died Wednesday, October 24, 2012. A towering presence who was as renowned for his gales of laughter as his compassion for-and curiosity about-his fellow human beings, he was 83.
A passionate and influential public health and human services administrator, Mr. Higgins initiated many public health, housing, educational, and self-help programs, serving from 1953 to 1965 as the Director of Public Health for the City of Leominster and from 1965 to 1972 as Executive Director of the Montachusett Opportunity Council.
Beginning in 1972, he revitalized the Worcester Area Drug Coalition, leading the expansion of its services and the rehabilitation of its facilities. Renamed Community Healthlink, it became the largest comprehensive mental health center in Massachusetts under his direction. In 2005, Community Healthlink honored Mr. Higgins by dedicating its vocational and social rehabilitation building to him.
Mr. Higgins served on many boards and councils prior to and during his retirement, including the Mental Health and Substance Abuse Corporations of Massachusetts, Catholic Charities, and the Lipton Center. He sat on the Board of Directors for McCauley Nazareth Home and Yarock Memorial Housing. He was chairman of the Diocesan Review Committee, president of Serra Club Worcester North, and a volunteer for the Spanish American Center of Leominster. He also worked with International Executive Services Corps in Alexandria, Egypt and participated in relief efforts in Haiti.
During the Korean War, Mr. Higgins rose to the rank of lieutenant in the 11th Airborne Division. He remained in the U.S. Army Reserves for 26 years, retiring with the rank of lieutenant colonel.
Mr. Higgins held a bachelor's degree from the University of Massachusetts Amherst and a master's degree in public administration from Clark University. In 2007, he received an honorary doctorate from Anna Maria College.
Mr. Higgins was born on October 10, 1929 in Newton, Massachusetts to Mary Rose and David L. Higgins, Sr., and raised in Taunton. He is survived by his wife of 55 years, Janice (Sullivan), his son, David of Boston, his daughters, Maura McLaughlin of Plymouth, Ellen Moodie and her husband, Craig of Franklin, Julie Arsenault and her husband, James of Philadelphia, Anne Marie Piemontese and her husband, Thomas of Westwood, and twelve grandchildren.
Here are some family photographs of Mr. Higgins provided by his family:
Mr. Higgins and his granddaughter
Photos of the dedication ceremony: (note click on photo for full size rendering).
Neddy Latimer and Richard Letarte
Mayor Mazzarella and Richard Letarte and Mrs. Janet Higgins with City Hall Citation
Mayor Mazzarella, Richard LeTarte, Mrs. Janet Higgins
Thank you flowers for Mrs. Higgins from SAC
Dedication Plaque
Leominster City Councilor Wayne Nickel, Neddy Latimer, SAC Board Member Silvia Taurino, SAC Staff Mickey Guzman, SAC Board Cheryl Boissy, GardnerVNA, Ann Racine
Higgins family members, wife, daughters, grandson.
A Dream Cake in honor of David Higgins' dream – ending hunger in our community.
Kitchen Tours
Mrs. Higgins cuts the ribbon, officially opening the new facility – The David Higgins Cocina and Activity Center!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Promethean Accelerates Global Growth with New Chief Revenue Officer
Published: December 15th, 2020
Chris Hand appointed to lead sales strategy, revenue, and growth in response to increasing demand for education technology
Promethean®, a leading global education technology company, announced that Chris Hand has joined the company as Chief Revenue Officer. Mr. Hand joins the executive team leading the strategy, growth, and execution of the Promethean worldwide sales organization.
Mr. Hand has over 30 years of experience in the technology space, helping clients and corporations build new digital data transformation solutions across enterprise, governments, and service provider platforms. As CRO, Mr. Hand will be responsible for revenue generation and managing key strategic initiatives essential for global growth, delighting customers, and partners.
"The notability of Promethean's solutions and efforts in elevating the world's educational capabilities and resulting improvement in people's lives is remarkable," said Chris Hand, CRO of Promethean. "I am excited to join a global team, contribute to their strong momentum, and look forward to many stages of future growth in bringing Promethean's technology to learning environments around the world."
Most recently, Mr. Hand held the role of senior executive and CRO at Arm, a SoftBank Company. Prior to this, he held senior positions at leading SaaS and IT enterprises, including Inovalon and CA Technologies. His tenure in the technology sector has delivered impressive growth, win rates, and improvement in sales cycles.
As an industry tech veteran, Mr. Hand has led businesses of all sizes ranging from $100M to $1B+, and his ability to help businesses scale will be paramount in driving Promethean's strategic go-to-market direction.
"As the world of education is constantly evolving, especially during a challenging year, Promethean delivers educators the tools they need to enable hybrid and remote learning across a multitude of learning environments," said Vin Riera, CEO of Promethean. "Chris brings extensive digital transformation technological expertise to this role, which will serve us well as we continue to expand globally and transform the way the world learns and collaborates."
Promethean ActivPanel Recognized as a Best of Show Solution at ISTE 2020
Promethean at ISTE20 Live: A World Beyond
Promethean Hosting Online Event to Help Educators Drive STEAM Learning
State of Technology Report Honored in 2020 Stevie Awards
Investment is Critical to Overcoming the Digital Divide for K-12 Schools, Survey Finds


Just like the grilled onion that stays on your breath long after eating a deliciously loaded Philly cheesesteak, traffic tickets can stay with you in the form of points on your driving record. On this page, you'll learn the basics of the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) point system and the effects points have on your driving privileges.
If you're used to driving yourself to work, school, or the grocery store, accumulating enough points can cause a major shift in your daily routine.
In Pennsylvania, you're in danger of losing your driving privileges as soon as you accrue 6 points or more on your record. The parameters for license suspension differ depending on your age.
For tips on reinstating your driver's license, review our PA license suspension guide.
NOTE: If you have a Pennsylvania CDL, you could face higher point penalties AND immediate license suspension for certain traffic tickets. Take a look at our suspended CDL page for details.
There are 6 points or more on your record.
You receive a traffic ticket for speeding 26 MPH or more over the limit.
Your 1st suspension: 90 days.
Any subsequent suspensions: 120 days.
If you're 18 years old and older, having 6 points on your driving record doesn't necessarily mean the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation will automatically suspend your driving privileges.
1st accruement: Option to take a written exam for removal of 2 points (in lieu of suspension).
You must pass the exam within 30 days of receiving PennDOT's license suspension notice.
Suspend your license for 15 days.
2 points will be removed from your driving record after the suspension.
Allow you to take a behind-the-wheel test for removal of 2 points.
You must pass the exam within 30 days of the examiner's decision to avoid losing your driving privileges.
Take no action against you.
Any additional accruements: Attend a departmental hearing where the examiner will decide whether or not to suspend your license for 30 days.
Potential license suspension for 1 year.
Driving 31 MPH or faster over the speed limit.
PA driver's license possibly suspended for 15 days.
Accumulating 11 points or more on your PA record.
1st suspension: 5 days per 1 point.
2nd suspension: 10 days per 1 point.
3rd suspension: 15 days per 1 point.
It's important to know how many points are on your record, especially if you've been issued traffic tickets in the past. So, take a few moments to check your Pennsylvania driving record and maybe you'll find some peace of mind in the process.
The severity of each traffic offense determines its point value. Below, you'll find a list of some common moving violations and their corresponding point values.
For the complete point schedule, take a look at PennDOT's point system fact sheet.
Driving too quickly for road/weather conditions: 2 points.
Failing to yield to a pedestrian in a crosswalk: 2 points.
Following too closely behind another vehicle: 3 points.
Making an illegal U-turn: 3 points.
6 to 10 MPH: 2 points.
Failure to stop at a railroad crossing: 4 points.
16 to 25 MPH: 4 points.
26 to 30 MPH: 5 points.
31 MPH or more: 5 points.
Failing to stop for a school bus with flashing red lights: 5 points.
If you're ticketed for a serious offense, like those listed above, you may have to go to traffic court. If that's the case, reference our guide to fighting traffic ticket for tips on preparing for court AND useful legal resources.
Does a traffic ticket have you worried about paying more for car insurance? While a defensive driving course will not remove points from your record, taking one can still save you money.
Enroll in a PA defensive driving course today because doing so can qualify you for discounts on auto insurance!
Having a clean driving record is crucial to keeping your driving privileges.
If you can maintain 0 points on your record for 12 months, PennDOT will treat your next accumulation of points as if it were your 1st accruement. This means all previous license suspensions are forgiven.


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08 Jun New Details on Insurance, Unemployment, Internet Access, & Paid Medical Leave
Posted at 08:00h in Employment, Finances, Health Insurance by Claire Agosti
Through our blog, Triage Cancer remains committed to bringing you the news that might impact the cancer community. Here is the latest information about new laws and programs at both the federal and state levels that may be relevant to you.
Some states are choosing to end the extra federal unemployment insurance (UI) benefits early: Through the American Rescue Plan Act, the federal government provided an extra $300 weekly on top of state payments, and extended the maximum number of weeks that workers can collect UI to 79. These extra programs end September 6, 2021, but 24 states have announced that they will opt out as early as June 12th. Regular state UI benefits will remain available, but many workers have used up their state's UIB eligibility (usually 26 weeks or less). To see what is happening in your state, visit the COVID-19 & Cancer module of CancerFinances.org.
New internet benefit for low-income households: The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) will provide a $50 per month discount to cover internet bills for eligible households. A one-time discount of up to $100 for a laptop, tablet, or desktop computer is also available. Learn more or apply here.
Free COBRA subsidy update: Have you lost your job or had your hours cut back? The federal government will pay for your COBRA from April 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021. Note that the subsidy is not available if you left your job voluntarily. Rollout of this new program has taken some time and many employers haven't yet told people who qualify. As a result, some people have paid for their COBRA premiums in April, May, and now June. If you are in this position, you may be entitled to credit or a refund.
Learn more about this free COBRA subsidy in this past Triage Cancer's blog post.
If you think you qualify, use this document to tell your employer that you are eligible. Continue paying your COBRA premium until the issue is resolved in order to keep your health insurance coverage. Contact the Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) with questions at AskEBSA.gov or 800-444-3272
Important information for SSI recipients:
SSI recipients should have received their third economic impact payment (EIP). If you did not receive it, check here for information.
The Social Security Administration does not count EIPs as income for SSI recipients. However, EIP payments can be counted as a resource if you still have the money after 12 months.
SSI recipients who got the first EIP in May 2020, are nearing the end of that 12-month exclusion period. Any funds that you still have from the May 2020 EIP will count toward the resource limit ($2,000 for an individual, $3,000 for a couple). Individuals are not limited in how they can spend these funds.
Health Insurance Marketplace update: #ICYMI, the Health Insurance Marketplace has a Special Enrollment Period (SEP) that will last until August 15, 2021, in the 36 states that use HealthCare.gov.
15 million Americans who lack health insurance may be eligible to receive significant financial help to buy coverage on the Marketplace. For many people plans are available for under $10 per month.
More than two million enrollees have seen their premiums reduced by an average of 40%.
The Marketplace is open through August 15, 2021
States that operate their own Marketplaces may have different ending dates. If you live in CA, CT, CO, DC, ID, MD, MA, MN, NV, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT, WA, click here to find your state's Marketplace details.
Delaware seeks to create statewide paid family and medical leave. The Health Delaware Families Act was introduced in the Senate and if passed, would provide up to 12 weeks of paid leave for a worker's own serious health condition or to act as a caregiver. The bill is currently before a senate committee. Learn more about ways to take time off and pay for it with Triage Cancer's animated video.
Missouri's governor announces that the state will not expand access to Medicaid this year. Voters in Missouri approved a ballot measure that required the state to expand access to Medicaid for residents beginning July 1, 2021. The ballot measure added this requirement to the state constitution. However, the state legislature refused to fund the program. Advocates in Missouri filed a lawsuit on May 20, 2021, asking the court to require the state to expand Medicaid access as required by the constitution. Click here for information about Medicaid Expansion in your state.
Wyoming revives an opportunity to expand access to Medicaid. The Wyoming Senate killed a bill in March to expand Medicaid. But a legislative committee has voted to sponsor the bill when it comes up again, in July 2021 or February 2022. An estimated 24,000 Wyoming residents without access to affordable health insurance would have been able to enroll in Medicaid. Wyoming is one of 12 states that have not yet provided this expanded access to Medicaid.
Virginia expands access to Medicaid for legal permanent residents. An amendment to the state budget eliminated a rule that required permanent residents to present a 10-year work history to qualify for Medicaid, which will benefit immigrants who immigrated at a later age and could not build a 10-year history of work.
New Mexico legalized recreational marijuana. The new law legalizes the use and sale of marijuana for those age 21 and over and expunges the records of people with low-level cannabis convictions. New Mexico joins DC and 16 other states in legalizing recreational marijuana. For information about your state's laws, visit TriageCancer.org/StateLaws.
Alabama legalized medical marijuana. The new law permits the use of medical cannabis to treat certain medical conditions. The law went into effect immediate upon signing by the governor on May 17, 2021. However, marijuana remains illegal at the federal level. Learn more with Triage Cancer's Quick Guide to Medical Marijuana.
Nebraska's new law regulates step therapy. Health plans increasingly require patients to try less expensive prescription drugs before covering the drugs chosen by the health care provider. This practice, known as step therapy, can save money but sometimes results in patients not receiving the most appropriate treatment. The new law takes effect January 1, 2022, and provides a clear way for patients to ask for and receive exceptions.
Illinois passes a law that ensures individuals who buy a Marketplace plan have a plan option with a set co-pay for prescription drugs. A co-payment is a preset, fixed dollar amount that an individual pays for a certain type of health care—in this case, for each filled prescription. Many health insurance policies also have a co-insurance portion that individuals must pay for more expensive prescriptions, which is a percentage of the total cost and can reach thousands in out-of-pocket expenses. If signed by the governor, the law goes into effect January 1, 2023, and health insurance companies will have to begin offering some plans with set co-pays for prescription drugs.
Free COBRA Premiums End Sept. 30 and your Health Insurance Options Moving Forward
Medicaid Expanding in 2014…For Some
Are High Risk Pools & Major Risk Insurances Plans Extinct?
National & State Update: Surprise Medical Bills & Medicaid Expansion Efforts Spread
State Update: Medicaid Expansion, Rural Hospitals, & Sick Leave Laws
New Details: Free Insurance, Housing Protections Ending, State News, & More
National & State News on Health Insurance & More
News You Need About Tax Time & More!
COBRA, health insurance, internet access, leave laws, Marketplace, Medicaid, Medical Marijuana, paid medical leave, paid sick days, Paid sick leave, sick leave, SSI, unemployment
Claire Agosti
ca@triagecancer.org


text:
Q: How can I hide a tool from command window under category I have created a tool, a button and a dockable window under one project. To open/close the dockable window, button is used. For some specific work, by clicking some specific button from dockable window, I have activated the tool. So, basically the tool is used from the dockable window. So, the tool shouldn't visible to the user in the command window under the category.
I couldn't find any document to hide the tool. Is there any process that can help me to hide the tool?

A: Yes, in the Config.esriaddinx just remove the text within the categories tag and re-build your solution:
e.g.
category=""

This should eliminate it from being listed in commands within the Add-Inn category.

A: Setting the category="" to an empty string will place your command or tool in the Misc. category under Customize>Commands thus not really hiding it.
If extending ArcObjects, to fully hide a custom menu/tool/command you need to remove or comment out the COM Registration Function(s) region of the tool or command.  This will prevent it from displaying in the user interface and still allow you to programmatically call the command by it's UID.  You can still add it to a toolbar or menu but only by coding it to be there.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I am a former Athlete. Sport was part of my life ever since. I come from a sports family, in which everyone sooner or later hooked about physical Activity. Especially my sister, Anita, who was a great sprinterką and my greatest inspiration. It was she who brought me in the sixth grade of the primary school for athleticism and instilled in me a complete love for Sport.
A healthy life and being fit is not, however, something sacred to Me. Do not aspiruję to be fitmaniaczką. I don't deny myself anything.
Do not despair and do not plague me remorse if I do not do a Workout. Sometimes it happens, right? I practice and eat healthy for myself and I approach it at Ease. In the end, we are people and not fit-robots. A healthy lifestyle is forever.
And just after it was made this blog. So that you, the reader, also understood that all this, all this being fit, healthy, efficient, Slim – All this can be accomplished without being strapped and unnecessarily remorse. Ba – A healthy lifestyle can be pleasant, and it's very!
I put on Professionalism. I am a trainer who continues to educate, read, teach and absorb knowledge. I believe that a good coach is one who all the time wants to know more and does not be enthusiastic about anything. My workouts and diet are above all pleasant, safe and Effective.


A homework template for UConn's CSE-3500 Algorithms & Complexity course.
this is an article about the examples of checked and unchecked exception.
Template para relatórios da disciplina FEELT31109 (Enriquecimento Instrumental) da FEELT/UFU, Brasil.
The minted package provides automatic syntax highlighting for source code listings. It uses the excellent pygments highlighter, which provides very high quality highlighting for a wide range of languages. This example also shows how you can use minted to typeset LaTeX math embedded in your source code.
Estilos para código fonte para Java e R language!


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace AntMe
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     State of the simulation engine.
    /// </summary>
    public enum EngineState
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///     Not initialized state. Call Init() to change this.
        /// </summary>
        Uninitialized,

        /// <summary>
        ///     Engine is still ready for the next round of simulation.
        /// </summary>
        Simulating,

        /// <summary>
        /// Engine got an error and exit.
        /// </summary>
        Failed,

        /// <summary>
        /// Simulation is over.
        /// </summary>
        Finished,
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Casey Tours have been a favoured option for Seniors travelling throughout Australia for many years, we look forward to providing retirees with many more years of value for money, exciting touring experiences.
Our tours are designed with seniors and retirees in mind, focusing on affordability, comfort and enjoyment. Activities chosen on Casey Tours vary greatly from theaters and boat cruises to mountain climbs and canyon hikes. All activities are optional, and most are included in our tour price. More expensive additions such as hot air ballooning and scenic flights are optional extras.
Please browse through our tours the drop down menus under "Tours" above or contact our office if you have any more questions.


The registration area of the Nashville Airport Marriott conference center is already buzzing with activity and we're still two hours away from the start of this year's Irrational Economic Summit. Reception only starts in an hour, but clearly speakers and attendees alike are excited.
If you're a Network member, you should be receiving your login details for LIVE Streaming within the hour. If you don't hear from us by noon, then please reach out to your network liaison, Courtney Ghee, or email me at economyandmarkets@dentresearch.com and we'll make sure to get you the information you need before the conference.
If you're attending the conference, we're all excited to meet you. At registration, we'll give you the Irrational Economic Summit program that contains the agenda and details of all the speakers you'll meet over the next several days (I'll give you the agenda below as well, so you can view it in your email when your program isn't handy). You can sign up for the LIVE Stream, which includes the archives, anytime throughout the conference.
If you're planning to just watch the conference via LIVE Stream, make sure you're signed up now so you don't miss anything.
Remember to follow us on Twitter (@economymarkets) and on Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/EconomyMarkets/).
Use #iesnashville for any online comments.
And please be sure to keep the conversation going with us. Email me at economyandmarkets@dentresearch.com or tag me on any of your online comments. My Twitter handle is @Teevdb.
After Stephen Sandford's talk, he's doing a book signing. Remember to bring your copy so he can sign it after you shake hands.
Rodney Johnson: Earning Profits in an Uncertain World.
Barry Potekin: Sun Should Shine on Silver Soon.
Harry Dent and Andrew Pancholi: Discussion.
Richard Smith: Beat the Billionaires.
Andrew Swan: Taking Action Using Social Data.
Zack Hutson of Privateer Holdings: How to Invest in Legal Cannabis.
John Del Vecchio: Hidden Profits' 500% Profit Opportunity.
Andrew Sandoe: Investing Well – Why Value Investors Consistently Win.
Lacy Hunt: Contemporary Advancements in the Theory of Monetary and Fiscal Policy.
Adam O'Dell: How to Trade Volatility Booms & Busts… for 10x Profit.
Charles Sizemore: Value and Momentum: A Taste of Things to Come.
As you can see, this is going to be a jam-packed three days, so stay tuned for updates from me… and don't forget to write.
P.S. Here's that link again to sign up for LIVE Streaming. Do it now so you don't miss anything.


text:
Home/Inspire/What Good Will Come Out Of COVID-19?
Nine months ago, we gathered in our conference room to talk about COVID-19 and what it may look like in the coming months. When you put a bunch of data geeks with healthcare expertise in a room the opinions were diverse, to say the least. One person ventured to say that they thought we would be wearing masks at Thanksgiving, while others wondered if the virus would be around the following week. We talked about being back in the office in a matter of weeks and the potential of needing to reschedule some meetings we had planned in the coming days. Nowhere in my wildest dreams did I think that the journey would have turned out like it has and nearly a year later we are still out of the office and wondering when we will go back in.
The world has been changed with over 1.5 million lives lost to the virus in the first year. Countries chose their paths to fight the virus, some strictly locking down and not allowing visitors while others ignored the existence of the virus and went on as if nothing happened. Between political banter, social activism and virtual schooling, the United States of America has had to pivot to survive. Hundreds of thousands of Americans have died from the virus, the business world has been forever changed and many of the freedoms that Americans have cherished have been put on hold. Weddings have been canceled, sporting events played without fans, and eating out at a local diner is not a normal activity any longer. Church services have been moved outdoors and at times during the pandemic singing was outlawed.
It is easy to get caught up in all the bad things that have happened during this pandemic, but there must be some bright spots that we can find especially as it relates to our health and the healthcare system. Let's put aside all opinions on the origin, management and rules related to COVID-19 and look at some of the good things that will help shape our future.
Medical Testing has improved dramatically since COVID-19 forced the world to a halt. Not only COVID-19 testing but medical testing in general has found ways to process faster and be administered remotely. Tests that used to take days or weeks to get results have shifted to taking minutes or hours. Testing companies have found ways to make tests more affordable so that tests are available to all people at all socioeconomic levels. Mail-in testing used to only be available to those willing to pay cash, and now they are becoming very much the norm for insured members.
Virtual Medicine has seen dramatic increases since the pandemic. The pandemic caused virtual medicine to be put on fast forward and the progress that has happened in the last nine months could not have happened in years under normal circumstances. There are now medical offices that have been set up to be virtual only. According to the CDC[1] virtual visits in March of 2020 were up 154% over March of the previous year. According to the Journal of the American Informatics Association[2] virtual urgent care visits saw an over 680% increase between March and April 2020 and virtual non-urgent visits saw an increase of over 4,000%. One interesting finding related to telehealth is the higher-than-expected adoption rate for seniors (>65). Most would assume that seniors would not embrace technology, but a recent survey[3] showed that over 50% of seniors are open to using virtual medicine and like the potential convenience and cost savings. Virtual medicine is not only a convenience for the patient, but it is also a large cost saving to the providers and insurers. There are many overhead items related to the office setting that are not in the virtual setting. Offices can be smaller, less staff, no need for waiting rooms, and doctors could essentially do a visit from most anywhere they or the patient are.
Vaccine Development is faster and more effective than ever. Under President Trump's Operation Warp Speed's vaccine development has gone from years to months and looks poised to meet its goal of producing and deliver 300 million doses of safe and effective vaccines by early 2021. This undertaking brought together the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), and the Department of Defense (DoD) to deliver on its promise. The vaccines being developed have shown very high effectiveness and should encourage us all that literally the whole world can come together and work together when needed to deliver important things such as vaccines. It does not matter about political party or what country you are from, when things need to get done, almost anything is possible. As will be talked about in delivery services, there have been many other non-medical companies shifting what they are doing to assure the prompt delivery of vaccines.
Sanitation and Cleanliness have become a priority. From buses and airplanes to gyms and restaurants, everything is cleaner than it has ever been. People are washing hands more often and are more socially aware of their own chances of getting others sick. Sanitation businesses are flourishing and through their effort's confidence will continue to grow about the safety of moving back to life as normal. Things that were never sanitized before are being thoroughly cleaned and prepared before the next person can use them. When stepping on a plane you can clearly smell the sanitation products that were used. It is amazing to think that though you can cram hundreds of people in a small area for hours on end, there have been nearly no confirmed issues related to COVID-19 on an airplane. Planes have always placed a priority on HEPA filtration, but the move towards more sanitation and disinfecting seems to be a good thing for all.
Anxiety and depression are on the rise, but I feel that the community spirit of taking care of other people's health needs is increasing as well.
Social Health Awareness of your own health and the health of others has increased. Mask wearing, though politically charged, has helped decrease the spread of germs. People may not believe in the use of masks or how it protects themselves, but most are wearing them to help the common good. It used to be that you would never see people wearing a mask other than a random person in an airport, but now you cannot go more than a few feet without wearing one yourself. "Social distancing" was not a well-known term before COVID-19 but now, most people think about most social situations in 6ft increments and how safe it may be. People are more concerned about others and their own health than before. I love hearing the stories of people grocery shopping for elderly people or running errands as a way to help others. Neighbors are looking out for neighbors more and kids are making better decisions in light of how it may affect their parents or grandparents. Anxiety and depression are on the rise, but I feel that the community spirit of taking care of other people's health needs is increasing as well.
Delivery Services have become the norm and are only growing. It was not too many years ago that if you were hungry and did not want to leave home, all you could get is pizza or Chinese food. Today almost every restaurant is related to a delivery service. This is related to healthcare as many people's health limits their ability to leave their houses. Now they can sit in the comfort of their house and order groceries, dinner and even supplies from their local home improvement store and have them delivered in minutes. DoorDash recently had an initial public offering and is now valued at more than $70 billion, further proving that delivery services are only going to grow. Food delivery services did not exist a few years ago and now they are worth more than most of the restaurants that they service. Delivery services have become very important to vaccine distribution as well. Companies such as FedEx, UPS and United airlines have pivoted to be ready to transport vaccines in the controlled environments that are required. Medications are now delivered to doorsteps and many drugs that were only available in a hospital setting are not administered and delivered to homes.
COVID-19 has caused us all to change the way we do life. This article has attempted to show some hope in a time of darkness. Just as my mother used to say, "if life hands you lemons, make lemonade", I believe that we can all see some good in the COVID-19 journey if we take a long-term perspective and see how it has changed some things for the good.
[1] Trends in the Use of Telehealth During the Emergence of the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, January–March 2020 | MMWR (cdc.gov)
[2] COVID-19 transforms health care through telemedicine: Evidence from the field | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association | Oxford Academic (oup.com)
[3] Telehealth Index: 2019 Senior Consumer Survey – Amwell
Joshua W. Axene, FSA, FCA, MAAA, is a Partner and Consulting Actuary at Axene Health Partners, LLC and is based in AHP's Temecula, CA office.
josh.axene@axenehp.com


Cork floors resist household allergens such as mites and dust (hypoallergenic), provide noise insulation and are suitable for most environments. Cork flooring is also antimicrobial, meaning that it deters the growth of mold, fungi and bacteria. The unique properties of cork make this type of flooring an asset to a variety of households in most climates.
Homogeneous or solid cork flooring can be refinished.


text:
Buy a boat
DIY & Boatsteading
Live on a boat
What makes a bluewater boat?
WHAT ARE THE ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF A BLUEWATER SAILBOAT?
One of the oldest debates in the sailing community surrounds the essential features of a bluewater boat. After buying a boat and crossing the Pacific we began to seriously question our definition of a bluewater sailboat and surveyed 56 boats that crossed the Pacific in 2016-2017 to find out what they had, what they didn't, and whether it made a difference in their passage.
Note: This post was adapted from my April 2018 article in Ocean Navigator
6 CHARACTERISTICS OF A BLUEWATER YACHT
The traditional consensus seems to be that the "bluewaterness" of an offshore yacht boils down to six main elements. A full discussion on each feature is included below. According to many, the best bluewater sailboats have:
Cutter or ketch rig
Long keel
Skeg-hung rudder
Heavy displacement
Reputable offshore builder
Large water and diesel tanks
This legitimacy of this list was bolstered by John Neal's Boats to Consider for Offshore Cruising. We paid attention because John Neal has sailed over 350 000 miles (including six Cape Horn roundings) and is considered a leading expert in offshore sailboat preparation.
BUYING A CRUISING SAILBOAT
When we set ourselves the goal of bluewater cruising from Vancouver to Australia, we asked as many people as we could about what we should be looking for in a good ocean-going boat. As we looked around for a suitable sailboat we were dismayed to find that very few had all the characteristics we were recommended and almost none in our price range. The ones that did felt so old and clunky that we couldn't imagine enjoying sailing them. As one enthusiastic seller said to us, "Takes her 20 knots of wind to start moving, but when she does, she's a freight-train." See this post for the best places to find bluewater boats for sale.
A MATTER OF COMPROMISE
We began to ask questions, "Do we really need a full keel?" "Can we get by with a spade rudder?" In the end we compromised. We went with a boat that met some of the requirements, but not all.
We settled on a Dufour 35, built in 1979. It had a solid fibreglass hull and skeg-hung rudder, but was billed as a racer-cruiser when it came off the assembly line. As such, the tankage was minimal, she doesn't have a fin keel and isn't a cutter. She also has a balsa-core deck to save on weight. We were emboldened by the report that many others had sailed around the world in this model of boat and she did appear in John Neal's list of acceptable offshore boats, although without glowing remarks.
THE SURPRISING RESULTS
We were never fully confident in our little Dufour as an offshore sailer until we got to the Marquesas. It wasn't only that she got us there in one piece, but more that upon arriving we saw boats of all ranges and shapes. We saw new Beneteaus and Jeaneaus and even Hunters; all light displacement, fin keel, spade rudder, no bilge, fractional rigged sloops. "What's going on?" I asked myself, "How did all these non-offshore boats get here?"
BY THE NUMBERS – A SURVEY OF 56 BOATS THAT CROSSED THE PACIFIC IN 2016-2017
Intrigued by this surprising revelation I decided to learn more about what kind of boats cross the ocean. I gathered data from 56 boats that crossed the Pacific between 2016-2017 and researched their features to see how many checked the boxes on the bluewater list. The results called into question the traditional definition of a bluewater sailboat and reflect advances in weather forecasting and navigation. A full list of the boats is provided below.
ONLY 16% of BOATS MET ALL THE CRITERIA FOR A BLUEWATER BOAT
Of the 56 boats examined in this study 9 (16%) met all the above criteria for a bluewater cruiser. On average the boats met less than half (41%) of the criteria. The two most often met criteria were large storage capacity and heavy displacement, which are usually linked. Cutter rigs were popular designs, while ketches were few and far between. A full discussion of each feature is included below.
The most common rig type turned out to be a cutter rig (40%), followed by fractional sloop rigs (27%) and closely thereafter by masthead sloops (26%). The more modern designed, light-displacement boats usually feature fractional rigs. Ketches (7%) filled out the rest of the fleet.
Cutter rigs
The main advantage of a cutter rig is the ability to fly a stay sail or storm jib from the inner forestay, which provides more options for both light wind and heavy weather. Keeping the centre of effort close to the centre of the boat is more efficient and more comfortable in heavy weather. The secondary advantage of a cutter is having a backup forestay already installed should the main forestay fail. Owners of masthead sloops often install Solent stays to provide some of the same benefits of a cutter. We did this, but in the end it only gets in the way and we never use it.
Fractional sloop rigs vs. Masthead Sloops
The main advantage of a fractional sloop is easier sailing handling. The jib is smaller on a fractional rig than a masthead rig and makes gybing and tacking easier. Also the spinnakers tend to be smaller on fractional rigs and easier to fly for most cruising couples or shorthanded crews. As wind speeds pick up the main is reefed while the can jib remain full up to certain wind speeds. This makes reefing easier and improves efficiency as reefed headsails have notoriously poor shape and move away from the centre of effort as they are reefed.
For the purposes of my survey, keel shapes weren't defined beyond long keel or fin keel. I grouped cutaway forefoot and full keels under long keels, and winged keels or bulbed keels under fin keels. Only a quarter of the boats had long keels. As seen with the fractional rigs, modern designs overwhelmingly use a fin keel to provide lateral resistance. Over 13% of the boats were catamarans and don't really fit into either category.
A long keel has many advantages and many detractors.
A full keel is usually encapsulated in the hull, making the connection stronger than a bolted-on, fin keel.
A long keel boat is easier to make heave-to as it doesn't pivot on the keel the way a fin keel does.
Also, a full-keeled boat tracks better, especially going downwind in large seas, preventing the roundups on waves that are associated with many fin keel designs, ours included.
The main detractor of a long keel is that it is much less efficient than a fin keel, which means significantly reduced boat speed.
It also makes tacking or gybing more difficult and sometimes impossible in light air with a full keel.
The same problem extends to motoring around the marina or anchorage, where the long keel makes quick and tight turns unfeasible.
A slight majority of boats have spade rudders (52%). The rest have skeg-hung (27%) or attached (21%) rudders.
In 2017, of the boats in this study, five developed rudder issues during the crossing. Two spade rudders delaminated and one seized, while the two skeg-hung rudders developed leaks around the rudder posts. Most of the boats with spade rudders I talked to did not strengthen their rudder posts, but left the factory post in place.
Skeg-hung and keel-attached rudders
Skeg-hung and attached rudders have an obvious advantage in that they are protected from direct impact. The pressure on the leading edge of the rudder is also greatly reduced, putting less strain on the rudder post. An added advantage is that fishing lines and other marine debris can't get caught in between the rudder and the hull. As with a full keel the main detractor is diminished sailing performance.
Spade rudders
A spade rudder acts like a wing under water. It's ability to cant with the turn, and fine leading edge make it much more efficient than a skeg-hung rudder. The rudder design makes the boat more responsive to changes in course as well as enhancing overall speed.
The definition of heavy displacement is anything with a Displacement/Length Ratio (DLR) of 270 – 360. Moderate displacement is anything between 180-270 and light displacement is any DLR under 180. Roughly 51% of the boats that crossed could be considered heavy displacement. The rest mirror the rig types, with 27% falling into the light displacement category and 22% under the moderate displacement label.
A heavier boat will be more comfortable in heavy weather and is usually more robust all around. One of the Dufour 35s (moderate to heavy displacement) that crossed in 2017 had just completed the Northwest Passage where they collided with an iceberg at 7 knots and suffered absolutely no damage. Similarly a CT 41 (heavy displacement) this year hit a coral head at 6 knots and received minimal fibreglass damage at the front of the keel.
But heavy also means slow, especially in light air. A fast boat can sail through conditions in which a heavier design would languish or be forced to motor. It can also move more quickly and often avoid weather systems. While you might not want to get caught in a storm in a light displacement boat, the view is you might not have to.
Defining a boatyard as a reputable offshore boatyard is a dangerous and ultimately futile exercise. Beneteaus, Jeanneaus and Lagoons make up 20% of the boats in the survey group. They are reputable production boats, but are not known for making offshore boats. The rest make up the gamut of other builders, including: Deerfoot, Dufour, Fontaine Pajot, Hans Christian, Hunter, Island Packet, Lapworth, Morgan, Ovni, Pacific Seacraft, Tartan, Valiant , etc. Some are known as offshore builders, while others are not. Only 33% are on John Neal's list of recommended cruising boats.
LARGE STORAGE CAPACITY
This is one criterion that seems to be consistent across the board. 71% of the boats were listed as having relatively large, factory built, water and fuel storage capacity. Boats that don't have factory-built large tankage are often augmented for long distance cruising. Our own Dufour has had a diesel tank added and two water tanks to make it more comfortable on long passages as well as extra cabinetry installed. Friends of ours on a newer Dufour make up the difference with umpteen jerry jugs to hold diesel and water.
SO, WHY ARE ALL THESE NON-BLUEWATER BOATS ABLE TO CROSS AN OCEAN?
The list of boats that successfully made it across the Pacific in the last couple of years does challenge the traditionalist perspective about essential offshore elements. What explains the difference between what we think should be able to cross an ocean and what is actually crossing? The most likely explanations are: weather forecasting and preventative maintenance.
WEATHER FORECASTING AND GPS
The difference might be explained by technological advances, specifically access to better weather forecasting and the advent of GPS. These combined mean that, for the most part, heavy weather and rough seas can be avoided, especially big lower pressure systems. It is rare for a boat that has access to daily weather forecasts to get caught by a large storm. For heavy weather avoidance, the big slow boats are at a disadvantage because they can't use light winds to sail through large areas and might not be able to move fast enough to avoid an approaching system. The longer a passage takes, the more exposed the boat and crew are to inclement weather.
Based on data gathered from over 150 boats that crossed the Pacific in the last 6 years (2012-2017), the average maximum reported windspeed was 32 knots, with 82% of boats reporting maximum windspeeds below 40 knots. The high windspeeds were almost always due to squalls around the equator and lasted less than 40 minutes. Almost any ocean-going sailboat can handle this windspeed and the accompanying sea state.
PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE AND SPARES
So many of the problems associated with any boat can be avoided through regular maintenance and checkups. Small issues can often be easily managed with the right spares and tools before they become larger catastrophic problems. this rule applies to all boats whether they are going offshore or not.
Of the 150+ boats that crossed in the last 6 years, only 16 reported no significant breakages during the crossing and the overwhelming reason touted by these sailors was preventative maintenance. The rest who had significant gear failures were almost always able to manage a repair at sea with the right spares and tools onboard. Only a few required being towed into port and none were abandoned.
SO, WHAT EXACTLY MAKES A BLUEWATER BOAT?
You do. It is neither my intention to end the bluewater boat debate, not to recommend one style over another. Windspeed and sea state are not the only factors to consider when offshore cruising. There are also fishing lines and nets, coral heads and other obstructions, constant wear and tear on gear, comfort below decks, galley design, sea berths, and many other factors. Picking the right boat for offshore cruising is a personal experience. The most important thing is that you know the boat and feel comfortable sailing her in a variety of conditions.
LIST OF BOAT MAKES & MODELS FROM SURVEY
Able Apogee 50
Allied 39
Arcona 440
Beneteau Cyclades 50.5
Beneteau Oceanis 50
Beneteau First 35
Beneteau Oceanis 461
Bristol Chl Cutter 28
C&C 39
Cal 2-46
Catana 431 (cat)
Contest 38
Crealock 37
Crowther 10m (cat)
Deerfoot 60
Discovery 55
Endeavor 43
Engelmann 50
Ericson 35
Fontaine Pajot 46 (cat)
Gulfstar 50
GW 42
Hans Christian 38
Hans Christian 38T
Hughes 48
Irwin 52
Island Packet 38
Island Packet 380
Island Spirit 40 (cat)
Jason 35
Jeanneau Sun Odyssey 42 DS
Jeanneau Sun Odyssey 45.2
Lagoon 440 (cat)
Lagoon 60 (cat)
Lapworth 50
Laurent Giles 18m
Lidgard 50 (cat)
Looping 48 (cat)
Morgan 44
Morgan O/I 51
Morgan N/M 456
Nordic 44
Orams 48 (cat)
Outbound 46
Oyster 435
Pacific Seacraft 48
Pan Oceanic 46
Peterson 44
Privilege 39 (cat)
Roberts 53
Swan 42
Tartan 3800 OC
Tayana 37
Tradewind 35
Valiant 40
Young Sun 35
The SECRET to removing a rusted screw
Seasickness – avoidance and treatment
Saturday 21st of September 2019
Missing on the list but in the top 10: Hallberg Rassy and Rustler.
Very nice and thorough article.
I think where sailors get hung up is the difference between the words 'best' and 'capable'. Everyone wants 'best'. But how many can afford it??
I was once told our 28' Hunter wasn't 'capable' of going to the Bahamas. That is not true, it is very 'capable' of traveling from southern Florida to the Bahamas. Is it 'capable' to live on, have enough water, etc for a long stay while there?? Probably not. At least, I wouldn't want to do it. But I would do a week trip if I had the time and weather window available.
A boat is 'capable' depending on the needs and abilities of the sailors crewing and the adventure planned for her. I wouldn't dream of crossing the Atlantic on her.
But I know of a few captains that would enjoy the challenge!
Thanks for providing such a detailed discussion.
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Readers can interpret the presence of horses in the Book of Mormon in a variety of different ways.
Perhaps the most straightforward approach is to assume that horses, which subsequently became extinct, were available in the area in which the Nephites and Lamanites lived. It is not unusual for primary source documents to mention things, which archaeologists cannot prove. In fact, it is expected that authentic documents will give us new information about the past.
Some evidence may indicate the presence of horses in America in pre-Columbian times. Dr. Wade Miller, an internationally respected geologist and paleontologist, ran Carbon-14 tests on several horse specimens found at archaeological sites throughout the Americas. Preliminary results have returned various dates from about 6000 BC to AD 1400. Daniel Johnson has collected and summarized the evidence for horses in ancient America. His data analyzes the anomalous dating of horse bones, art works, and the variety and distribution of horses in early post-Columbian times.
Another approach to this question suggests that the word "horse" in the Book of Mormon is being used to refer to a different animal. Throughout history, when immigrants and travelers have encountered new and unfamiliar species, they have often applied labels from their own language, which originally referred to different animals. In many cases, the borrowed term has become the common name.
For example, the Greeks coined the name hippopotamus, which literally means "river horse." The American bison is still colloquially called buffalo—which technically refers to a different species—a practice that started with the French trappers who first explored the American West. The terms elk and robin were also applied to American animals by Europeans, even though they are used in reference to totally different species in the Old World.
Relevant to the issue of horses in the Book of Mormon is the linguistic confusion that the horse caused when the Spanish first arrived. Different Maya and Aztec groups applied their labels for deer or tapir to the Spaniards' horses, lacking a better word. Perhaps Book of Mormon peoples made the same connection in reverse, applying their Old World term for "horse" to some other species.
Without the original text, it is impossible to be sure whether "horse" is a loan-shift the Nephites made or an anachronism caused by translation, but in either case the word "horse" would not refer to what today's readers might assume or expect. One should be aware of these possibilities while reading references to horses and other plants and animals not commonly thought to be in the Americas during Book of Mormon times.
Why horses are mentioned in the Book of Mormon is unstated. How they were used, when, and by whom, is left unsaid. Indeed, needing to say that they were useful on some occasions seems to imply something remarkable or unusual, otherwise the point would not need to be mentioned. In fact, in many cultures and on various topographies, horses are not useful, being hard to tame and costly to maintain.
While there is no definitive answer to why horses are mentioned in the Book of Mormon, each of these prospects creates room for further exploration, wondering, understanding, and especially faith. Each possible explanation also teaches important lessons about archaeology, ancient writings, and the nature of translations that need to be taken into account when considering information, insights, questions, and curiosities about the Book of Mormon.
First, it is best to be patient with the archaeological record. There is still much work to be done, and lots to be learned about life in pre-Columbian America. The vast majority of Mesoamerican ruins remain untouched underneath thick jungle growth, and other areas in the Americas have received even less attention. Also, the preservation of animal bones is very poor in the humid jungles of Mesoamerica. Since the Book of Mormon text mentions horses rarely, the likelihood of finding bones or other remains of their horses becomes even more remote.
Still, several items mentioned in the Book of Mormon once considered anachronistic have since been verified. This is why John E. Clark, a Latter-day Saint and prominent Mesoamerican archaeologist, declared: "the Book of Mormon looks better with age." Such findings should urge caution against making final judgments based on absence of evidence.
Finally, even a divine translation should be treated as a real translation, with all the complications that are attendant to rendering a text into a new language. Having carefully studied the translation of the Book of Mormon, Brant A. Gardner offers this important caution: "the very fact that we have the Book of Mormon in translation requires that we look at anachronisms in the text carefully. … In the vast majority of the cases, it is reasonable that we are seeing a translation anachronism rather than a historical anachronism." Ultimately, any translation, but especially a divine translation, may purposefully and beneficially invite its readers to wonder about many things, thus encouraging them to further study while allowing them to exercise faith when confronting questions.
Brant A. Gardner, "Anachronisms in the Book of Mormon," in A Reason for Faith: Navigating LDS Doctrine and Church History, ed. Laura Harris Hales (Salt Lake City and Provo, UT: Deseret Book and Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 2016), 33–43.
 Horses are also mentioned in 2 Nephi 12:7; 15:28; 3 Nephi 21:14, but all three of these are quotations of biblical scripture (Isaiah 2:7; 5:28; Micah 5:10).
 Brant A. Gardner, The Traditions of the Father: The Book of Mormon as History (Salt Lake City, UT: Greg Kofford Books, 2015), 291. See the similar observations made by John L. Sorenson, Mormon's Codex: An Ancient American Book (Salt Lake City and Provo, UT: Deseret Book and Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship, 2013), 315.
 Wade E. Miller, Science and the Book of Mormon: Cureloms, Cumoms, Horses & More (Laguna Niguel, CA: KCT & Associates, 2010), 82.
 Daniel Johnson, "'Hard' Evidence of Ancient American Horses," BYU Studies Quarterly 54, no. 3 (2015): 149–179. Also see the short note, "Once More: The Horse," in Reexploring the Book of Mormon: A Decade of New Research, ed. John W. Welch (Salt Lake City and Provo, UT: Deseret Book and FARMS, 1992), 98–100.
 Brant A. Gardner, Second Witness: An Analytical and Contextual Commentary on the Book of Mormon, 6 vols. (Salt Lake City, Utah: Greg Kofford Books, 2007–2008), 1:324–326 offers a good discussion of this issue. Gardner succinctly explains, "In any case, the encounter with completely new animals (and plants) creates a linguistic crisis. One solution has typically been to adapt an old designation to the new animal, even when there is no biological connection. The connection is based on some perceived similarity even though those with a knowledge of both animals might not see it" (p.325).
 The Greek historian Herodotus (Histories 2.71.1), for instance, spoke of "river horses" (hippopotami) that he saw swimming in the Nile as he traveled through Egypt. So striking to Herodotus was the resemblance of these heretofore unknown creatures that he even commented on their manes, tails, and voices being like that of a horse. See Stephen Smoot, "A Recent Experience with a Greek Manuscript," at Ploni Almoni, January 9, 2015, accessed March 7, 2016).
 See John L. Sorenson, An Ancient American Setting for the Book of Mormon (Salt Lake City and Provo, UT: Deseret Book and FARMS, 1985), 296; Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 313, 318–319; Neal Rappleye, "Tzimins are not Really Tzimins (They're Horses)," at Studio et Quoque Fide, June 23, 2015, accessed March 5, 2016).
 Gardner, The Traditions of the Father, 292.
 Amber M. VanDerwarker, Farming, Hunting, and Fishing in the Olmec World (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2006), 117; Miller, Science and the Book of Mormon, 28–29.
 For several examples, see "Howlers Index," at Ether's Cave, (accessed March 7, 2016). Also see Kevin Christensen, "Hindsight on a Book of Mormon Historicity Critique," FARMS Review 22, no. 2 (2010): 155–194; John E. Clark, "Archaeological Trends and the Book of Mormon Origins," in The Worlds of Joseph Smith: A Bicentennial Conference at the Library of Congress, ed. John W. Welch (Provo, UT: BYU Press, 2006), 93–95.
 Clark, "Archaeological Trends," 94. Clark also explained: "These deficiencies of negative evidence persist, for the most part, but they should not distract from the scores of other unusual items mentioned in the book which have been confirmed through archaeology—nor from the possibility that missing evidence may someday be found" (p. 95).
 Sorenson, Mormon's Codex, 319. Also, "after their arrival they reported the presence of native fauna to which they applied the names of Near Eastern animals that looked similar" (p. 35).
 Brant A. Gardner, "Anachronisms in the Book of Mormon," in A Reason for Faith: Navigating LDS Doctrine and Church History, ed. Laura Harris Hales (Salt Lake City and Provo, UT: Deseret Book and Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 2016), 41. For his full analysis of the translation, see Brant A. Gardner, The Gift and Power: Translating the Book of Mormon (Salt Lake City, UT: Greg Kofford Books, 2011).
I had the same experience touring a mesoamerican ruin. When I asked about the many horses we were seeing in the wall drawings, I was told they couldn't be horses because "everybody knows" there were no horses.
I took my junior-high Spanish students to Mexico on various occasions. On one trip we had a very unusual guide. He claimed to be LDS and took us to places few others have ever visited. He took us to Tulum,the ruins of the fortress that looks out over the Caribbean. Inside one of the ancient buildings he pointed to some ancient drawings on the inner wall. There among the other beasts was a horse. I've never heard of anyone else talking about this source of historical information.


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You must be at least 5 days clean, sober and gambling free prior to your admission date, otherwise, admittance will be denied. This includes any disallowed medications as indicated below. At any time during treatment, including upon admission, South Country Treatment Centre reserves the right to do random drug testing of clients.
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text:
// Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "chrome/browser/usb/usb_chooser_controller.h"

#include <stddef.h>
#include <utility>

#include "base/bind.h"
#include "base/command_line.h"
#include "chrome/browser/net/referrer.h"
#include "chrome/browser/profiles/profile.h"
#include "chrome/browser/profiles/profile_manager.h"
#include "chrome/browser/ui/browser.h"
#include "chrome/browser/ui/scoped_tabbed_browser_displayer.h"
#include "chrome/browser/usb/usb_chooser_context.h"
#include "chrome/browser/usb/usb_chooser_context_factory.h"
#include "chrome/browser/usb/web_usb_histograms.h"
#include "chrome/common/chrome_switches.h"
#include "chrome/common/url_constants.h"
#include "chrome/grit/generated_resources.h"
#include "content/public/browser/render_frame_host.h"
#include "content/public/browser/web_contents.h"
#include "device/core/device_client.h"
#include "device/usb/mojo/type_converters.h"
#include "device/usb/usb_device.h"
#include "device/usb/usb_device_filter.h"
#include "device/usb/webusb_descriptors.h"
#include "ui/base/l10n/l10n_util.h"
#include "url/gurl.h"

namespace {

Browser* GetBrowser() {
  chrome::ScopedTabbedBrowserDisplayer browser_displayer(
      ProfileManager::GetActiveUserProfile());
  DCHECK(browser_displayer.browser());
  return browser_displayer.browser();
}

}  // namespace

UsbChooserController::UsbChooserController(
    content::RenderFrameHost* owner,
    mojo::Array<device::usb::DeviceFilterPtr> device_filters,
    content::RenderFrameHost* render_frame_host,
    const device::usb::ChooserService::GetPermissionCallback& callback)
    : ChooserController(owner,
                        IDS_USB_DEVICE_CHOOSER_PROMPT_ORIGIN,
                        IDS_USB_DEVICE_CHOOSER_PROMPT_EXTENSION_NAME),
      render_frame_host_(render_frame_host),
      callback_(callback),
      usb_service_observer_(this),
      weak_factory_(this) {
  device::UsbService* usb_service =
      device::DeviceClient::Get()->GetUsbService();
  if (!usb_service)
    return;

  if (!usb_service_observer_.IsObserving(usb_service))
    usb_service_observer_.Add(usb_service);

  if (!device_filters.is_null())
    filters_ = device_filters.To<std::vector<device::UsbDeviceFilter>>();

  usb_service->GetDevices(base::Bind(&UsbChooserController::GotUsbDeviceList,
                                     weak_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
}

UsbChooserController::~UsbChooserController() {
  if (!callback_.is_null())
    callback_.Run(nullptr);
}

base::string16 UsbChooserController::GetNoOptionsText() const {
  return l10n_util::GetStringUTF16(IDS_DEVICE_CHOOSER_NO_DEVICES_FOUND_PROMPT);
}

base::string16 UsbChooserController::GetOkButtonLabel() const {
  return l10n_util::GetStringUTF16(IDS_USB_DEVICE_CHOOSER_CONNECT_BUTTON_TEXT);
}

size_t UsbChooserController::NumOptions() const {
  return devices_.size();
}

base::string16 UsbChooserController::GetOption(size_t index) const {
  DCHECK_LT(index, devices_.size());
  const base::string16& device_name = devices_[index].second;
  const auto& it = device_name_map_.find(device_name);
  DCHECK(it != device_name_map_.end());
  return it->second == 1
             ? device_name
             : l10n_util::GetStringFUTF16(
                   IDS_DEVICE_CHOOSER_DEVICE_NAME_WITH_ID, device_name,
                   devices_[index].first->serial_number());
}

void UsbChooserController::RefreshOptions() {}

base::string16 UsbChooserController::GetStatus() const {
  return base::string16();
}

void UsbChooserController::Select(size_t index) {
  DCHECK_LT(index, devices_.size());
  content::WebContents* web_contents =
      content::WebContents::FromRenderFrameHost(render_frame_host_);
  GURL embedding_origin =
      web_contents->GetMainFrame()->GetLastCommittedURL().GetOrigin();
  Profile* profile =
      Profile::FromBrowserContext(web_contents->GetBrowserContext());
  UsbChooserContext* chooser_context =
      UsbChooserContextFactory::GetForProfile(profile);
  chooser_context->GrantDevicePermission(
      render_frame_host_->GetLastCommittedURL().GetOrigin(), embedding_origin,
      devices_[index].first->guid());

  device::usb::DeviceInfoPtr device_info_ptr =
      device::usb::DeviceInfo::From(*devices_[index].first);
  callback_.Run(std::move(device_info_ptr));
  callback_.Reset();  // Reset |callback_| so that it is only run once.

  RecordWebUsbChooserClosure(
      devices_[index].first->serial_number().empty()
          ? WEBUSB_CHOOSER_CLOSED_EPHEMERAL_PERMISSION_GRANTED
          : WEBUSB_CHOOSER_CLOSED_PERMISSION_GRANTED);
}

void UsbChooserController::Cancel() {
  RecordWebUsbChooserClosure(devices_.size() == 0
                                 ? WEBUSB_CHOOSER_CLOSED_CANCELLED_NO_DEVICES
                                 : WEBUSB_CHOOSER_CLOSED_CANCELLED);
}

void UsbChooserController::Close() {}

void UsbChooserController::OpenHelpCenterUrl() const {
  GetBrowser()->OpenURL(content::OpenURLParams(
      GURL(chrome::kChooserUsbOverviewURL), content::Referrer(),
      NEW_FOREGROUND_TAB, ui::PAGE_TRANSITION_AUTO_TOPLEVEL,
      false /* is_renderer_initialized */));
}

void UsbChooserController::OnDeviceAdded(
    scoped_refptr<device::UsbDevice> device) {
  if (DisplayDevice(device)) {
    const base::string16& device_name = device->product_string();
    devices_.push_back(std::make_pair(device, device_name));
    ++device_name_map_[device_name];
    if (view())
      view()->OnOptionAdded(devices_.size() - 1);
  }
}

void UsbChooserController::OnDeviceRemoved(
    scoped_refptr<device::UsbDevice> device) {
  for (auto it = devices_.begin(); it != devices_.end(); ++it) {
    if (it->first == device) {
      size_t index = it - devices_.begin();
      DCHECK_GT(device_name_map_[it->second], 0);
      if (--device_name_map_[it->second] == 0)
        device_name_map_.erase(it->second);
      devices_.erase(it);
      if (view())
        view()->OnOptionRemoved(index);
      return;
    }
  }
}

// Get a list of devices that can be shown in the chooser bubble UI for
// user to grant permsssion.
void UsbChooserController::GotUsbDeviceList(
    const std::vector<scoped_refptr<device::UsbDevice>>& devices) {
  for (const auto& device : devices) {
    if (DisplayDevice(device)) {
      const base::string16& device_name = device->product_string();
      devices_.push_back(std::make_pair(device, device_name));
      ++device_name_map_[device_name];
    }
  }
  if (view())
    view()->OnOptionsInitialized();
}

bool UsbChooserController::DisplayDevice(
    scoped_refptr<device::UsbDevice> device) const {
  return device::UsbDeviceFilter::MatchesAny(device, filters_) &&
         (base::CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess()->HasSwitch(
              switches::kDisableWebUsbSecurity) ||
          device::FindInWebUsbAllowedOrigins(
              device->webusb_allowed_origins(),
              render_frame_host_->GetLastCommittedURL().GetOrigin()));
}


text:
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With offense stalling, Cowboys need Dak Prescott more than ever
36dTodd Archer
David Andrews has vested interest in success of Ben Jones, Titans
11hMike Reiss
Why it's unfair to cast Jets' Adam Gase as bad guy in Ryan Tannehill story
11hRich Cimini
Mike McCarthy happy for Packers, says he's learning from former team
1dTodd Archer
Chiefs, Patrick Mahomes learned a few lessons in last year's AFC title game
1dAdam Teicher
Chiefs sound drained at mere prospect of facing Derrick Henry again
Former surfer Raheem Mostert riding the wave as 49ers' X factor
2dNick Wagoner
From Dolphins discard to Titans treasure, Ryan Tannehill had 'to move on'
3dCameron Wolfe
Scott Turner 'a big fan' of Dwayne Haskins, expects to see commitment
3dJohn Keim
Major changes coming for Eagles as they usher in youth movement
3dTim McManus
Pass-rushers wanted: Seahawks enter offseason needing more pressure
3dBrady Henderson
John Elway and the Broncos are changing how they do things
Fortune favors the bold: QB wasn't a need when Chiefs drafted Patrick Mahomes
Chase McLaughlin has leg up to replace Adam Vinatieri as Colts kicker
3dMike Wells
Can Cowboys finally beat a team with a winning record? (0:55)
Dan Orlovsky and Rob Ninkovich agree the Rams will take complete control vs. the Cowboys. (0:55)
Todd ArcherESPN Staff Writer
Covered NFL since 1997, Cowboys since 2003
Previously covered Bengals and Dolphins
Lives in Dallas area with his wife and two children
FRISCO, Texas -- Before Dak Prescott could survey the available barbecue outside the locker room after the Dallas Cowboys' win against the Detroit Lions in Week 11, the quarterback and coach Jason Garrett shared an embrace.
Both had smiles from ear to ear after Prescott threw for 444 yards and three touchdowns, tying an NFL best set by Joe Montana for the most games (four) with at least 375 yards passing and two touchdown passes in the first 10 games of a season.
That was Nov. 17. Not even a month ago. The Cowboys have not won since.
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Coming out of the Lions game, Prescott was in the league MVP discussion. Maybe not up there with Baltimore Ravens quarterback Lamar Jackson and Seattle Seahawks quarterback Russell Wilson, but certainly part of the conversation.
In the 34 possessions since the Detroit win, Prescott has three touchdown passes and two interceptions. The Cowboys need Prescott -- and the team -- to turn things around.
Against New England, Prescott and Amari Cooper, his top receiver, could not connect for one completion, and Prescott threw for a season-low 212 yards in miserable weather.
Against Buffalo, Prescott had back-to-back possessions with a turnover that helped the Bills take a 13-7 lead. He finished with 355 yards passing, but the Cowboys converted just two of their four trips inside the red zone.
Against Chicago, he had his sixth game with at least 300 yards passing, but he had just 110 through three quarters as the Bears took control. The bulk of Prescott's yards came when the game was essentially decided.
In his past three games, Prescott has a completion percentage (59.5%) that ranks 24th. He is 18th in yards per attempt (6.88), and his QBR is 48.1, which is also 18th in the league.
Dak Prescott has passed for 4,122 yards and 24 TDs with 11 interceptions this season, but his numbers have slipped over the past three games. Adam Glanzman/Getty Images
In the first 10 games of the season, Prescott completed 67.7% of his passes, averaged 8.82 yards per attempt and had a 78.2 QBR.
So what has happened to the Cowboys' leader?
Trailing by three scores in the past two games has played a part.
"I don't think he's pressing," Cowboys offensive coordinator Kellen Moore said. "I think we're just trying to execute and we're calling plays that are a little more downfield because we've got to make things happen at that point. He's doing a good job, managing it well, and I think all of us can do a little better."
The Patriots, Bills and Bears brought more blitzes against Prescott than in the previous 10 games on a per-snap basis. In the past three games, Prescott has completed 19 of 38 passes for 278 yards with one touchdown and two interceptions against the blitz. In the first 10 games, he completed 67 of 104 passes for 880 yards with five touchdowns and two interceptions.
The field has shrunk on the Cowboys. They have gone from averaging 4.7 pass plays of at least 20 yards per game to 3.3 in the past three games.
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Their third-down work has changed, even if the numbers aren't that bad. Against Chicago, the Cowboys converted 6 of 15 third-down chances, but four conversions came on the opening drive.
Twice this week, as the Cowboys prepared to face the Los Angeles Rams, Garrett was asked about Prescott's performance, and both times he brought it back to the team.
"When you don't execute well, there's probably a variety of reasons in all phases of your team. That can be one of them [trying to do too much]," Garrett said. "We have guys who are well-intended, want to play well, prepare hard, and sometimes they can get out of themselves. I don't want to make any characterization of any one player, but sometimes that can be a problem and you have to ... really remind everybody that everybody has a job to do on each play, one-eleventh of the offense, defense or special-teams unit."
Prescott doesn't think he has been trying too hard to make the big play.
"I know I can't throw one touchdown or one pass and it's going to be worth 14 points," he said. "I can't just throw a deep ball and say, 'Oh, he's going to catch it, we're going to score, that speeds up the time of us coming back.' I know that's not going to happen. So for me, I don't feel I get into that mode like I need to get it all back or I feel like I'm too conservative. I just try to stay within the play. If it's there, it's there. If it's not, I'm not going to risk it."
Prescott's future has been talked about almost as much as Garrett's. The Cowboys' top priority entering the season had been to sign the quarterback to the richest contract in franchise history. Despite the offers that would make Prescott among the highest-paid quarterbacks in the NFL, he opted to wait, betting on himself.
Regardless of how this season ends, the Cowboys view Prescott as their quarterback of the future, one who can deliver a Super Bowl.
The final three games are not about Prescott's future. They're about that feeling he had after the Lions game and getting the Cowboys into the playoffs with a chance to do something that right now seems unlikely.
He is confident it can happen.
"If you just looked at where I've come from, all the people around me that may have had something that didn't get it, through every level I've traveled on, so many reasons, so many examples I can say why I shouldn't be here today," Prescott said. "That [brings] all the confidence that I have that when I control the things in my hand, I've got the pen, I'll write the story, I'll do what I want. Nobody can tell me what I can and can't do."


Helloooooooooooooooooooooooo Tampa Bay Parrot Heads!
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Post Tagged with: "sexual harassment"
Westminster perverts outed by female parliamentary workers
A list of Westminster perverts has been released on a secret WhatsApp group, reports have revealed. Female staff members working at Westminster named high ranking MPs and cabinet members that have allegedly groped them and sexually harassed them on a regular basis. While the 'usual suspects' are said to be well-known by those in Westminster, the female staff members also[Read More…]
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No action taken against politician accused of sexual harassment
A Lib Dem MP has walked free after allegations of sexual harassment from female activists. An independent inquiry into allegations of impropriety made by female activists concluded that the evidence against Lord Rennard was "broadly credible". The peer has been asked to apologise for his conduct but said he wanted to "resume his roles" in the party. The former Lib[Read More…]
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The M1 was shut for approximately 12 hours today after a collision in the early hours.
Just after 1.30am the M1 ws shut between Junction 20 at the A4304 Lutterworth Road (Lutterworth) and Junction 21 for the M69 (Leicester).
A collision believed to involve three lorries then led to a fire.
The southbound side was reopened to traffic at around 4am, with a lane closure still in place.
The northbound side is expected to remain closed well into the morning for emergency repairs and recovery work.
Leicestershire Police would only tell LeicestershireLive that a 'police incident' had taken place in the area and that drivers should seek an alternative route.
LeicestershireLive reported the incident throughout the day.