text:
package org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.translator;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.calcite.adapter.druid.DruidQuery;
import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelOptUtil;
import org.apache.calcite.plan.hep.HepRelVertex;
import org.apache.calcite.plan.volcano.RelSubset;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.SingleRel;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Aggregate;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.AggregateCall;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Filter;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Join;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Project;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.SetOp;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Sort;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Window.RexWinAggCall;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.rules.MultiJoin;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType;
import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataTypeFactory;
import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexOver;
import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlAggFunction;
import org.apache.calcite.util.Pair;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.FieldSchema;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.CalciteSemanticException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.HiveCalciteUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.HiveRelFactories;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.reloperators.HiveAggregate;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.reloperators.HiveProject;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.reloperators.HiveSortLimit;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.reloperators.HiveTableScan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.optimizer.calcite.rules.HiveRelColumnsAlignment;
import org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.typeinfo.TypeInfoFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;

public class PlanModifierForASTConv {

  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PlanModifierForASTConv.class);

  public static RelNode convertOpTree(RelNode rel, List<FieldSchema> resultSchema, boolean alignColumns)
      throws CalciteSemanticException {
    RelNode newTopNode = rel;
    if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
      LOG.debug("Original plan for PlanModifier\n " + RelOptUtil.toString(newTopNode));
    }

    if (!(newTopNode instanceof Project) && !(newTopNode instanceof Sort)) {
      newTopNode = introduceDerivedTable(newTopNode);
      if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
        LOG.debug("Plan after top-level introduceDerivedTable\n "
            + RelOptUtil.toString(newTopNode));
      }
    }

    convertOpTree(newTopNode, (RelNode) null);
    if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
      LOG.debug("Plan after nested convertOpTree\n " + RelOptUtil.toString(newTopNode));
    }

    if (alignColumns) {
      HiveRelColumnsAlignment propagator = new HiveRelColumnsAlignment(
          HiveRelFactories.HIVE_BUILDER.create(newTopNode.getCluster(), null));
      newTopNode = propagator.align(newTopNode);
      if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
        LOG.debug("Plan after propagating order\n " + RelOptUtil.toString(newTopNode));
      }
    }

    Pair<RelNode, RelNode> topSelparentPair = HiveCalciteUtil.getTopLevelSelect(newTopNode);
    PlanModifierUtil.fixTopOBSchema(newTopNode, topSelparentPair, resultSchema, true);
    if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
      LOG.debug("Plan after fixTopOBSchema\n " + RelOptUtil.toString(newTopNode));
    }

    topSelparentPair = HiveCalciteUtil.getTopLevelSelect(newTopNode);
    newTopNode = renameTopLevelSelectInResultSchema(newTopNode, topSelparentPair, resultSchema);
    if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
      LOG.debug("Final plan after modifier\n " + RelOptUtil.toString(newTopNode));
    }
    return newTopNode;
  }

  private static String getTblAlias(RelNode rel) {

    if (null == rel) {
      return null;
    }
    if (rel instanceof HiveTableScan) {
      return ((HiveTableScan)rel).getTableAlias();
    }
    if (rel instanceof DruidQuery) {
      DruidQuery dq = (DruidQuery) rel;
      return ((HiveTableScan) dq.getTableScan()).getTableAlias();
    }
    if (rel instanceof Project) {
      return null;
    }
    if (rel.getInputs().size() == 1) {
      return getTblAlias(rel.getInput(0));
    }
    return null;
  }

  private static void convertOpTree(RelNode rel, RelNode parent) {

    if (rel instanceof HepRelVertex) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Found HepRelVertex");
    } else if (rel instanceof Join) {
      if (!validJoinParent(rel, parent)) {
        introduceDerivedTable(rel, parent);
      }
      String leftChild = getTblAlias(((Join)rel).getLeft());
      if (null != leftChild && leftChild.equalsIgnoreCase(getTblAlias(((Join)rel).getRight()))) {
        // introduce derived table above one child, if this is self-join
        // since user provided aliases are lost at this point.
        introduceDerivedTable(((Join)rel).getLeft(), rel);
      }
    } else if (rel instanceof MultiJoin) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Found MultiJoin");
    } else if (rel instanceof RelSubset) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Found RelSubset");
    } else if (rel instanceof SetOp) {
      // TODO: Handle more than 2 inputs for setop
      if (!validSetopParent(rel, parent))
        introduceDerivedTable(rel, parent);

      SetOp setop = (SetOp) rel;
      for (RelNode inputRel : setop.getInputs()) {
        if (!validSetopChild(inputRel)) {
          introduceDerivedTable(inputRel, setop);
        }
      }
    } else if (rel instanceof SingleRel) {
      if (rel instanceof Filter) {
        if (!validFilterParent(rel, parent)) {
          introduceDerivedTable(rel, parent);
        }
      } else if (rel instanceof HiveSortLimit) {
        if (!validSortParent(rel, parent)) {
          introduceDerivedTable(rel, parent);
        }
        if (!validSortChild((HiveSortLimit) rel)) {
          introduceDerivedTable(((HiveSortLimit) rel).getInput(), rel);
        }
      } else if (rel instanceof HiveAggregate) {
        RelNode newParent = parent;
        if (!validGBParent(rel, parent)) {
          newParent = introduceDerivedTable(rel, parent);
        }
        // check if groupby is empty and there is no other cols in aggr
        // this should only happen when newParent is constant.
        if (isEmptyGrpAggr(rel)) {
          replaceEmptyGroupAggr(rel, newParent);
        }
      }
    }

    List<RelNode> childNodes = rel.getInputs();
    if (childNodes != null) {
      for (RelNode r : childNodes) {
        convertOpTree(r, rel);
      }
    }
  }

  public static RelNode renameTopLevelSelectInResultSchema(final RelNode rootRel,
      Pair<RelNode, RelNode> topSelparentPair, List<FieldSchema> resultSchema)
      throws CalciteSemanticException {
    RelNode parentOforiginalProjRel = topSelparentPair.getKey();
    HiveProject originalProjRel = (HiveProject) topSelparentPair.getValue();

    // Assumption: top portion of tree could only be
    // (limit)?(OB)?(Project)....
    List<RexNode> rootChildExps = originalProjRel.getChildExps();
    if (resultSchema.size() != rootChildExps.size()) {
      // Safeguard against potential issues in CBO RowResolver construction. Disable CBO for now.
      LOG.error(PlanModifierUtil.generateInvalidSchemaMessage(originalProjRel, resultSchema, 0));
      throw new CalciteSemanticException("Result Schema didn't match Optimized Op Tree Schema");
    }

    List<String> newSelAliases = new ArrayList<String>();
    String colAlias;
    for (int i = 0; i < rootChildExps.size(); i++) {
      colAlias = resultSchema.get(i).getName();
      colAlias = getNewColAlias(newSelAliases, colAlias);
      newSelAliases.add(colAlias);
    }

    HiveProject replacementProjectRel = HiveProject.create(originalProjRel.getInput(),
        originalProjRel.getChildExps(), newSelAliases);

    if (rootRel == originalProjRel) {
      return replacementProjectRel;
    } else {
      parentOforiginalProjRel.replaceInput(0, replacementProjectRel);
      return rootRel;
    }
  }

  private static String getNewColAlias(List<String> newSelAliases, String colAlias) {
    int index = 1;
    String newColAlias = colAlias;
    while (newSelAliases.contains(newColAlias)) {
      //This means that the derived colAlias collides with existing ones.
      newColAlias = colAlias + "_" + (index++);
    }
    return newColAlias;
  }

  private static RelNode introduceDerivedTable(final RelNode rel) {
    List<RexNode> projectList = HiveCalciteUtil.getProjsFromBelowAsInputRef(rel);

    HiveProject select = HiveProject.create(rel.getCluster(), rel, projectList,
        rel.getRowType(), rel.getCollationList());

    return select;
  }

  private static RelNode introduceDerivedTable(final RelNode rel, RelNode parent) {
    int i = 0;
    int pos = -1;
    List<RelNode> childList = parent.getInputs();

    for (RelNode child : childList) {
      if (child == rel) {
        pos = i;
        break;
      }
      i++;
    }

    if (pos == -1) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Couldn't find child node in parent's inputs");
    }

    RelNode select = introduceDerivedTable(rel);

    parent.replaceInput(pos, select);

    return select;
  }

  private static boolean validJoinParent(RelNode joinNode, RelNode parent) {
    boolean validParent = true;

    if (parent instanceof Join) {
      // In Hive AST, right child of join cannot be another join,
      // thus we need to introduce a project on top of it.
      // But we only need the additional project if the left child
      // is another join too; if it is not, ASTConverter will swap
      // the join inputs, leaving the join operator on the left.
      // This will help triggering multijoin recognition methods that
      // are embedded in SemanticAnalyzer.
      if (((Join) parent).getRight() == joinNode &&
            (((Join) parent).getLeft() instanceof Join) ) {
        validParent = false;
      }
    } else if (parent instanceof SetOp) {
      validParent = false;
    }

    return validParent;
  }

  private static boolean validFilterParent(RelNode filterNode, RelNode parent) {
    boolean validParent = true;

    // TODO: Verify GB having is not a separate filter (if so we shouldn't
    // introduce derived table)
    if (parent instanceof Filter || parent instanceof Join || parent instanceof SetOp ||
       (parent instanceof Aggregate && filterNode.getInputs().get(0) instanceof Aggregate)) {
      validParent = false;
    }

    return validParent;
  }

  private static boolean validGBParent(RelNode gbNode, RelNode parent) {
    boolean validParent = true;

    // TOODO: Verify GB having is not a seperate filter (if so we shouldn't
    // introduce derived table)
    if (parent instanceof Join || parent instanceof SetOp
        || parent instanceof Aggregate
        || (parent instanceof Filter && ((Aggregate) gbNode).getGroupSet().isEmpty())) {
      validParent = false;
    }

    if (parent instanceof Project) {
      for (RexNode child : parent.getChildExps()) {
        if (child instanceof RexOver || child instanceof RexWinAggCall) {
          // Hive can't handle select rank() over(order by sum(c1)/sum(c2)) from t1 group by c3
          // but can handle    select rank() over (order by c4) from
          // (select sum(c1)/sum(c2)  as c4 from t1 group by c3) t2;
          // so introduce a project on top of this gby.
          return false;
        }
      }
    }

    return validParent;
  }

  private static boolean validSortParent(RelNode sortNode, RelNode parent) {
    boolean validParent = true;

    if (parent != null && !(parent instanceof Project) &&
        !(HiveCalciteUtil.pureLimitRelNode(parent) && HiveCalciteUtil.pureOrderRelNode(sortNode))) {
      validParent = false;
    }

    return validParent;
  }

  private static boolean validSortChild(HiveSortLimit sortNode) {
    boolean validChild = true;
    RelNode child = sortNode.getInput();

    if (!(child instanceof Project) &&
        !(HiveCalciteUtil.pureLimitRelNode(sortNode) && HiveCalciteUtil.pureOrderRelNode(child))) {
      validChild = false;
    }

    return validChild;
  }

  private static boolean validSetopParent(RelNode setop, RelNode parent) {
    boolean validChild = true;

    if (parent != null && !(parent instanceof Project)) {
      validChild = false;
    }

    return validChild;
  }

  private static boolean validSetopChild(RelNode setopChild) {
    boolean validChild = true;

    if (!(setopChild instanceof Project)) {
      validChild = false;
    }

    return validChild;
  }

  private static boolean isEmptyGrpAggr(RelNode gbNode) {
    // Verify if both groupset and aggrfunction are empty)
    Aggregate aggrnode = (Aggregate) gbNode;
    if (aggrnode.getGroupSet().isEmpty() && aggrnode.getAggCallList().isEmpty()) {
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  private static void replaceEmptyGroupAggr(final RelNode rel, RelNode parent) {
    // If this function is called, the parent should only include constant
    List<RexNode> exps = parent.getChildExps();
    for (RexNode rexNode : exps) {
      if (!rexNode.accept(new HiveCalciteUtil.ConstantFinder())) {
        throw new RuntimeException("We expect " + parent.toString()
            + " to contain only constants. However, " + rexNode.toString() + " is "
            + rexNode.getKind());
      }
    }
    HiveAggregate oldAggRel = (HiveAggregate) rel;
    RelDataTypeFactory typeFactory = oldAggRel.getCluster().getTypeFactory();
    RelDataType longType = TypeConverter.convert(TypeInfoFactory.longTypeInfo, typeFactory);
    RelDataType intType = TypeConverter.convert(TypeInfoFactory.intTypeInfo, typeFactory);
    // Create the dummy aggregation.
    SqlAggFunction countFn = SqlFunctionConverter.getCalciteAggFn("count", false,
        ImmutableList.of(intType), longType);
    // TODO: Using 0 might be wrong; might need to walk down to find the
    // proper index of a dummy.
    List<Integer> argList = ImmutableList.of(0);
    AggregateCall dummyCall = new AggregateCall(countFn, false, argList, longType, null);
    Aggregate newAggRel = oldAggRel.copy(oldAggRel.getTraitSet(), oldAggRel.getInput(),
        oldAggRel.indicator, oldAggRel.getGroupSet(), oldAggRel.getGroupSets(),
        ImmutableList.of(dummyCall));
    RelNode select = introduceDerivedTable(newAggRel);
    parent.replaceInput(0, select);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Blue Plaque: Gordon Welchman
On 26th September 2016 the blue plaque shown was placed on the wall outside the Sacristy at St Mary's Church, Fishponds, Bristol, in honour of Gordon Welchman.
Gordon was the son of the Rev. W. Welchman MA, who was vicar of St Mary's from 1901 until 1907 and later Canon and Archdeacon of Bristol from 1927 until 1938.
Gordon studied mathematics from an early age and won a scholarship to Cambridge University to continue his studies. This resulted in a first class honours degree and he went on to become head of Hut 6 at Bletchley Park where he was instrumental, with others, in breaking the ENIGMA codes during the second world war.
For more information about Gordon Welchman, see https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Welchman

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
My Little Sister: A Call of Cthulhu Scenario
Paul Fricker
Selected Option:
Softcover, Standard Color Book
PDF + Softcover, Standard Color Book
My Little Sister Wants You to Suffer
My Little Sister is a futuristic, one-shot Call of Cthulhu adventure for three to six players.
The investigators awaken to find themselves aboard a spaceship travelling away from Earth. How did they get here? The ship is not a safe environment, and the investigators face numerous challenges. As the investigators explore the ship, the players open sealed envelopes to reveal flashes of memory. Ultimately, through their suffering, they discover the truth.
Paul Fricker is co-author of the 7th edition Call of Cthulhu Keeper Rulebook and Investigator Handbook, and has worked on many other Call of Cthulhu books including Cults of Cthulhu, Two-Headed Serpent and Masks of Nyarlathotep. Paul's other scenarios include Full Fathom Five and Dockside Dogs.
My Little Sister is designed for use with the 7th Edition Call of Cthulhu roleplaying game, and includes:
Character sheets designed specifically for this scenario;
6 pre-generated characters for play;
Maps by John Sumrow;
Advice on how to run and present the scenario;
A separate file of handouts ready for use;
A black and white, art free version;
A previous version of this scenario was included in the 2009 book, Cthulhu Britannica (no longer available). This new, updated version has been thoroughly revised, and presented for 7th Ed.
More from this Title's Contributors
David M December 03, 2022 10:33 am UTC
The Psychologist pre-gen has a Psychology skill of 10, which I can only assume is a mistake.
Paul F December 05, 2022 4:46 pm UTC
Well spotted David! This has now been corrected, thanks.
David M December 07, 2022 9:30 am UTC
Great work, Paul. Running this on the weekend, looking forward to it.
Paul F December 07, 2022 11:18 am UTC
Fab - hope it goes well!
Lucy Fricker, Sarah Huynh, John Sumrow
This title was added to our catalog on December 01, 2022.
See all titles (1836)


Why do you need my e-mail and phone number?
Why haven't I received my order confirmation/dispatch e-mails?
How will the billing/charge information appear on my bank statement?
What will appear as the return address? Do you ship discreetly?
I placed an order for an item that looked like it was in stock; why am I now being told it is out of stock?
If my item is out of stock will it be backordered?
I just took my toy out of the box and it looks kind of dusty and dirty - why?
I didn't create an account when I checked out; can I still look up my order?
Does AdultVibeToys has a store I can visit?
We currently accept the following forms of payment: Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Discover and PayPal. We are unable to accept checks, cash or money orders.
It is very important for you to provide the correct information for a couple of reasons. First and foremost let us reassure you that we do not share this information with anyone unless it is directly related to your order (such as providing info to the carrier). A correct e-mail address is necessary for you to receive any updates and/or tracking information regarding your order. We do not share your e-mail address with any third parties that will send you unwanted or spam mail. Your e-mail address used to contact you online is used solely for use between you (buyer) and AdultVibeToys to respond to any inquiries regarding orders or products and to comply with any requirements of law i.e.: verification for suspected fraudulent activities. We generally choose to e-mail our customers realizing that you may not want to discuss your order over the phone, however, if we do need to call you it is only out of necessity. Rest assured that the conversation will be as discreet as possible with no direct reference made to the items in your order.
Whenever you place an order with us, a confirmation e-mail is sent to you with details of the order you have made. As soon as your order is dispatched, a second confirmation e-mail is sent to you indicating that your order is now in its way to you. If you have not received these e-mails, it is possible they may have been caught in your spam mail folder. It is advisable to look through your spam mail and see if your confirmation e-mails have appeared there, as you can then make adjustments to ensure that they come through to you without issue in the future. It is also possible that there may have been some sort of error with your confirmation e-mails not reaching you, either because of server issues or problems in transit. If in doubt as to the status of your order click on "Order Tracking" and enter the required information. If you are unable to look up your order e-mail us at contact@adultvibetoys.com.
The charge will appear as Ovsonet Ltd., which is our corporate name.
Package contents and our website are not disclosed on box. All of our packages are either plain brown boxes or standard issued packaging from UPS, FedEx, or USPS. Occasionally we use opaque padded envelopes, but never for anything breakable or discernable. Return address is nondescript.
Please keep in mind that it is not legal to ship to all countries so please check with your local government to ensure the legalities of receiving the products you want to order. International shipments require customs paperwork and these shipments will take approximately 1-2 weeks from the shipping date to be delivered depending on customs clearance into your country. You will receive a tracking number once the order is shipped. This can be tracked for your convenience on the www.USPS.com website. Customers may want to check with local customs regulations to be aware of the laws within their country. All items that we sell on our site are legal in the USA, however if certain countries restrict these items for use or sale we cannot be held liable if these items are seized or confiscated by customs. We also are not held liable for any tariffs, import duties or international taxes that may be imposed outside the USA. On all international shipments once the shipment arrives into the destination country and customs received the package, the customs agents make all the final delivery arrangements. After tracking the package on www.USPS.com and it states the package is in customs the customer can contact their local customs agents for final delivery information and arrangements.
98% of the time orders are processed and shipped within 24 hours (in stock items only) during the business week. Your order will be processed and shipped same business day if made before 10 am CST. Keep in mind that weekends and holidays are not considered business days by AdultVibeToys, or our shipping partners.
Generally speaking, no. Once an order's status is "Processed" it is very difficult to make changes especially once it has been in the system for 2 hours or more. Orders move very quickly through the warehouse system, even on the weekends. Please contact us immediately via e-mail at contact@adultvibetoys.com. Sending us an email, or using the contact form is the fastest way to contact us. We are unable to add any items to an existing order.
To cancel your order please contact us as soon as possible via e-mail at contact@adultvibetoys.com or call us at 1-872-888-3638. Sending us an email, or using the contact form is the fastest way to contact us. In most instances, your order is processed the same day so you get it quickly. Therefore, there is no way to cancel an order once it has been processed/or shipped. Please order carefully.
Please be advised, if you no longer wish to receive your order we suggest you mark the package RTS (Return to Sender) and refuse the order at time of delivery. Please note that the shipping box must remain sealed to refused an order. Please keep in mind that shipping is non-refundable.
While our main warehouse houses the majority of the products we carry - some of our inventory is not in "real time". What that means is that some products are not removed from inventory as they are being ordered. This is because we have access to several warehouses and vendors across the country and often if something is not in stock in our main warehouse we are still able to source it elsewhere and fill your order. If there is ever an instance when your order cannot be filled, we will contact you with available alternatives, or we may suggest another product. On occasion, an item is just not available from any of our sources either because of a production issue or a discontinuation. In these cases we will notify you immediately and refund your order.
While we do our best to fill your order as expediently as possible there are occasions when an item may not be available. We will notify you immediately and cancel and refund the part of your order or give you the opportunity to select an alternative item. If you would like to be notified once the item becomes available again, just let us know and we will contact you via e-mail when the item is back in stock.
First, let us reassure you that all of our products are brand new and originate directly from the manufacturer. We do not accept returns on non-defective novelties so there is never the chance for you to get a "returned" toy. Many of our products, especially the higher end items, are hand packed so naturally a little dust and perhaps even a fingerprint may be on your toy. We highly recommend that you thoroughly wash all novelty items before use. Usually warm water and mild soap will do the trick although you need to be sure not to damage any mechanical parts by getting them wet. There will likely be cleaning instructions with your toy; it is recommended that you follow these instructions carefully before and after each use.
Credit card refunds will appear on your statement in the next billing cycle or, in the case of online banking, should appear in your account within 10 business days after your credit is applied.
Yes! You can view the status of your order and get tracking info (if available) without registering for an account. Click on "Order Tracking" and enter the required information.
No. We are an e-commerce business only. All items are shipped directly from our warehouse. We are not open to public.
We currently do not mail catalogues. We are strictly an online business.
You can unsubscribe from our newsletter at any time by clicking the unsubscribe link at the bottom of the newsletter.
The length measurement indicates the entire length of the toy, from top to bottom including any handles and bases. With your toy placed on a seamless hard surface, hold one end of the measuring tape at the tip of the toy's head and extend it to its base. Do not curl the measuring tape over the base.
The insertable length measurement indicates only the length of the insertable portion of the toy, excluding any surface that is not intended for penetration. With your toy placed on a seamless hard surface, hold one end of the measuring tape at the tip of the toy's head and extend it only to the end of the shaft. If your toy has a harness base, suction base, testicles, or a handle, it is not a part of the toy's insertable length measurement.
The width measurement indicates the horizontal diameter of the toy's surface at its widest point. With the toy placed on a seamless hard surface, place one end of the measuring tape flat across its widest point. Do not curl the measuring tape around the edges of the toy.
The girth measurement indicates the circumference of the toy around its widest point. With the toy held upwards on a hard surface, hold one end of the measuring tape at the center of its widest point, and wrap it around the toy until you're back where you started. Be sure not to overlap the measuring tape to get an accurate measurement.
Liquid Latex can easily be removed from your skin by gently washing the surface coating with mild soap & warm water, allowing the soapy water to splash between your skin and the liquid latex fantasy garment as you bathe.
Latex Body Wash is a biodegradable formulation designed to aid in the emulsification and removal of Liquid Latex. Simply pump-spray our Latex Body Wash onto the dried latex surface, and lightly rub the fluid into the latex with your fingertips for about one (1) minute. Soon you will see the latex slowly start to separate from your skin. A final cleansing with mild soap & warm water will reveal your deeply-cleansed, silky-smooth, "baby fresh" skin.
Because the perspiration and natural oils of your skin automatically tend to "lift" a liquid latex coating slightly above the surface of the skin, your latex garment will readily "peel off" normal skin several hours after the initial application (or it can be cleanly peeled off as soon as it's dried). This is particularly evident if you took the time to remove body hair from the application area, and if you also used a liberal coating of skin conditioning lotion just prior to the application process.
Doesn't liquid latex tend to be sticky?
Latex that is cured at room temperature is always a little bit prone to adhering to itself. Therefore, a surface treatment is recommended after curing of the liquid latex is complete (talcum powder works well).
How much do I need to cover my body?
One 16oz jar will cover approximately 1/2 body in 3 coats or both arms and legs in 3 coats.
What can I coat with liquid latex?
Liquid latex can coat almost anything. Non-porous surfaces will not hold on to the cured product, and can therefore be used as a mold. Porous products (such as jeans, shirts, etc.) will permanently hold the liquid latex once cured.
What if Liquid Latex is coated directly onto body hair?
As for body hair...well, if you don't get rid of it first, you'll probably lose it the hard way when you try to get your finished latex product off your body.
Can I use commercially available rubber preservatives on my liquid latex?
Many commercially available rubber preservative products (such as those you may find at your local automotive store) include petroleum-based ingredients, and they will not provide the desired results when used on your unique liquid latex creations. If you do choose to browse your local retail store to purchase a product that makes rubber 'shine', then be sure to look for products that are clearly marked "Teflon-based" or "silicone-based", and contain no petroleum-based ingredients.
What are other unique properties of liquid latex?
Liquid latex is unlike any other rubber. Latex is unique since it is a natural polymer derived from tree sap. As a natural polymer, it uses water as its base solvent. It is one of the few rubber compounds that is non-toxic in a liquid and solid state. Latex has the best memory of any rubber, that is, the ability to return to its original shape without permanent distortion. Latex is also the most sensitive of rubbers, being readily damaged by oils of any kind, by ozone, and UV light.
Is there a smell associated with liquid latex?
All liquid latex products use ammonia as a preservative agent. It doesn't really smell all that bad, but if you are hypersensitive to the smell, you won't be thrilled about it. Also, if you are allergic to ammonia-based products, then you shouldn't put liquid latex on your skin. Performing a simple test of using liquid latex in contact with a small area of your skin for about 4 hours will quickly determine if you will have a hypersensitive reaction to latex. Once the liquid latex dries, though, the smell is completely gone.
There are three different types of reactions to natural rubber latex. They are (1) irritation, (2) delayed hypersensitivity (allergic contact dermatitis), and (3) immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylactic symptoms).
Irritation is typically classed as a 'non-allergic' condition. The irritated skin may be dry & crusty, and the symptoms naturally resolve when contact with the latex ceases. Delayed hypersensitivity presents itself as skin becoming dry, crusty and leathery with eruptions appearing as sores and blisters.


text:
India, China in high-altitude fistfight at disputed border
'Aggressive behaviour by the two sides resulted in minor injuries to troops'
Published: May 10, 2020 18:27 AFP
This file photo taken on July 10, 2008 shows a Chinese soldier (L) next to an Indian soldier at the Nathu La border crossing between India and China in India's northeastern Sikkim state. Image Credit: AFP
Kolkata: Several Indian and Chinese soldiers were injured in a high-altitude cross-border clash involving fistfights and stone-throwing at a remote but strategically important mountain pass near Tibet, the Indian Army said Sunday.
There have been long-running border tensions between the nuclear-armed neighbours, with a bitter war fought over India's northeastern-most state of Arunachal Pradesh in 1962.
"Aggressive behaviour by the two sides resulted in minor injuries to troops. It was stone-throwing and arguments that ended in a fistfight," Indian Army Eastern Command spokesman Mandeep Hooda told AFP.
The "stand-off" on Saturday at Naku La sector near the 15,000-feet (4,572-metre) Nathu La crossing in the northeastern state of Sikkim - which borders Bhutan, Nepal and China - was later resolved after "dialogue and interaction" at a local level, Hooda said.
"Temporary and short duration face-offs between border-guarding troops do occur as boundaries are not resolved," he added.
The violent clash is the first between the two countries since 2017, when there was a brawl between Chinese and Indian soldiers near the northwest Indian region of Ladakh.
In the same year, there was a high-altitude standoff in Bhutan's Doklam region after the Indian army sent troops to stop China from constructing a road there.
China still claims about 90,000 square kilometres (35,000 square miles) of territory under New Delhi's control.
Oman: Key royal decrees enter official gazette


text:
Q: Problem while burning Ubuntu iso file on a DVD-R on Windows 7 I am trying to install ubuntu 16.04 on my Windows 7 laptop. The laptop is a 64 bits one. I downloaded the iso image file but then when trying to burn it into a DVD driver I got the error "The burning could not be done because of an error. Error code : 0x8007045D".
Any idea of what this mean and how can I solve it ?
Any help would be appreciated. Thank you guys.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Access your files, media, and other information with others.
Set up Wamp Server with Apache, MySQL, PHP, and SQLite.
Map DriveHQ cloud storage as a network drive.
Copy files between local and remote computers.
Upload, download, delete and CHMOD your FTP server files.


text:
From our planet's formation to its future climate, from its core to the edge of the atmosphere, the entire Earth is our field area.
Summer Research Opportunities
Geology Alumni
Our courses explore the science of the Earth—its physical makeup, its history and how it works. Geology at Amherst is not confined to classrooms and labs: field trips take students from the mountains to the beach.
Students work with minerals, rocks, fossils and water; learn scientific methods of data collection and analysis; and apply quantitative reasoning, observations and deductions.
Geology In the Field
Direct exposure to earth materials through field work is an integral part of studying Geology at Amherst.
Students participate in research in courses or during the summer, with faculty or independently—in the field, on campus or via internships.
Beneski Museum of Natural History
One of New England's largest natural history museums, the Beneski is a learning resource for geology students.
An Intellectual Community
Learning and investigating the Earth together, students and faculty work on a first-name basis and form an effective scientific team.
After Amherst
Amherst Geology majors develop critical thinking skills that help them succeed in any career they choose.
Geology Courses
GEOL 121
Surface Earth Dynamics
This course looks at the environment from a geologist's perspective, starting with dynamic systems that can be observed in operation today, as in river and coastal settings, where erosion and deposition occur, and by the interaction of the oceans, atmosphere, and climate.
Taught By Abigail R. Carroll (inactive) Anna M. Martini
Study the geometry and origin of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rock structures and focus on recognition and interpretation of structures through field and laboratory methodology.
Taught By Peter D. Crowley
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Study igneous and metamorphic processes and environments and apply chemical principles and experimental data to igneous and metamorphic rocks. Also, identify, analyze and map rocks in the laboratory and field.
Taught By John T. Cheney
There are abundant opportunities for students to do research with faculty in our department. These opportunities provide invaluable experience doing laboratory and field geology research.
Geology Research
Our faculty are experts in Earth Science fields that range from climate change to plate tectonics, Earth history, geochemistry, water quality, the terroir of wine, paleoceanography and more. They bring students on research trips worldwide, from the Connecticut River Valley to the Rocky Mountains to Greece, Iceland and Hawaii. Meet the entire department.
John T. Cheney
Peter D. Crowley
Victor E. Guevara
Principles of Geology
Tekla A. Harms
David S. Jones
Introduction to Oceanography
Paleontology and Geobiology
Anna M. Martini
Main Contact: Diane Hutton
101B Beneski Building
11 Barrett Hill Road
Amherst, MA 01002 413-542-2233 dbhutton@amherst.edu
Chair: Tekla A. Harms
310 Beneski Building
taharms@amherst.edu


LAWRENCE — When Ryan Bonanni moved up from assistant to head coach of the Notre Dame boys lacrosse team last September, there was palpable excitement because of the offseason work ethic of a senior class that has an opportunity to achieve greatness in Mercer County.
The Irish are not only deep and talented this spring. Many of the seniors sprinkled throughout the field have been playing varsity ball together since they were sophomores, and the early returns have been promising.
Notre Dame asserted itself in the CVC by first taking down Princeton, Robbinsville and Hightstown — three of the stronger programs in the conference — by at least eight goals each.
The Irish then improved to 4-0 on Thursday with an 11-0 home shutout win over West Windsor-Plainsboro South as another sign of their sheer strength.
Bonanni seized the reins of the program after two different stints as an assistant and brought back Bryan Rice as his offensive guru. Both were on staff when Notre Dame won the 2011 Mercer County Tournament.
The current core of Irish has appeared in two straight county semifinals and now has more ambitious long-term goals.
Although the final score does not indicate it, Notre Dame had to persevere through an early challenge posed by South's experienced zone defense. The Irish led only 3-0 at halftime, and standout goalie Gordon Hesterberg finished with 16 saves.
Whether it's individual dodging, meticulous passing in an offensive set or a fastbreak from efficient clearing, the Irish can score in a multitude of ways.
Senior Ryan Wood, a Monroe transfer, led the way on Thursday with three goals and two assists.
Henig, Pat Larkin and Alec Jones netted two goals apiece. Joey Lippincott and Dean Szatkowski each had one goal. Lippincott added an assist alongside Luke Okupski's two assists.
All of those players have contributed in past seasons and have strong chemistry.
Defensively, Notre Dame brought back the same three core starters — Tristan Tritt, Hunter Tilton and Liam Smith — in front of goalie Daniel Brady.
Bonanni, being a defensive specialist, embraces coaching an autonomous group.
Goals —Wood 3, Henig 2, Larkin 2, Jones 2, Lippincott, Szatkowski (ND).
Assists — Wood 2, Okupski 2, Lippincott (ND).
Shots — 14 (WWS), 43 (ND).
Saves — Hesterberg 16 (WWS), Brady 8 (ND).


The 13th annual Kevin Lord Memorial Foundation Spring Classic Golf Tournament will get underway at the Bear Creek Golf Club on Saturday, May 25.
The tournament has been held as a fundraiser in memory of Kevin Lord, a New Tecumseth resident and hockey and ball hockey player who passed away in 2006.
Over the past 12 years the Foundation has raised in excess of $125,000 in support of organizations such as The Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada, Royal Victoria Hospital Cancer Centre, Matthews House Hospice and well and other worthy organizations, special charities and local families in need.
"Without the support of friends and family, this would never have been possible and we can't thank everyone enough or continuing support our family and the Kevin Lord Memorial Foundation over the past 12 years in keeping true our motto, 'Giving a helping hand in helping others,' in memory of Kevin and we are definitely looking forward to another fun and successful tournament again this year," said tournament director, Al Lord.
The tournament is open tot he first 144 registered golfers.
The entry fee is $150.00 per golfer or $600 per team and includes 18 holes of golf, lunch, steak dinner, a prize and also entry in the challenge hole contest.
A company or personal hole sponsorship is always appreciated at a cost of $100 or a sign with your company log or personal lettering.
Teams or individuals interested in entering this year's tournament should plan to register by May 1, in order to secure a spot.
To register or sponsor a hole, contact Al Lord at al.lord@sympatico.ca or call (416) 576-6128.


text:
Show Review: Wild Child + Pearl and the Beard [Lincoln Hall; Chicago; 1/31/15]
In chicago, live music, music, show review
Let me set the scene: It's a Saturday night at the end of January in Chicago. According to the weather reports, something wicked this way comes. Specifically, a monster snowstorm set to pile on more than a foot of the white stuff between Saturday and Monday morning. It has the real potential to be a record breaker too, possibly capturing a coveted spot on the Top 10 biggest snowfalls to ever hit Chicago. Yet in spite of this and the myriad of warnings from meteorologists to avoid travel if possible, the bands Pearl and the Beard and Wild Child still performed in front of a sold out crowd at Lincoln Hall that very evening. We Chicagoans are a tough and proud people, refusing to let winter keep us away from enjoying some live music. Thankfully bands like these are also willing to come around when we're at our weather worst. So how did it all go, conditions outside notwithstanding? Let me give you the play by play.
Pearl and the Beard are a Brooklyn-based trio with a fascinating dynamic and sound. While Jocelyn Mackenzie handles drums, Jeremy Lloyd-Styles plays guitar and Emily Hope Price does the cello and keyboards, when it comes to vocals there is no technical frontman or frontwoman or lead singer. All three of them are equally talented at their individual instruments, yet can also belt out a song with ease. They may all take turns behind the microphone, but more often than not add a little extra grace and beauty to their songs with some highly impressive harmonies. The cello goes a long way to contribute some additional beauty as well, all of these things contributing to the band's unique and difficult to describe sound. Their set at Lincoln Hall was the final stop on their tour with Wild Child, and though they confessed to being a little bit worn down and sick, as one might expect during a long winter touring cycle, it seemed to have little to no effect on their performance. Just about every note hit with the right inflection and energy, engaging the crowd and encouraging sing-alongs for those familiar with some of their singles. Not being terribly familiar with their records, this show was a bit of an introduction for me, and a pretty positive one at that. Their eclectic approach and style may make them hard to pin down, but quite easy to like. That they all seem to have a pretty great sense of humor helps too, providing a few laughs between songs keeps everybody in a jovial mood. If the handful of new songs they played from their forthcoming record Beast are any indication, 2015 might just be the year that Pearl and the Beard reach a whole new audience.
Buy Pearl and the Beard music on iTunes
As far as headliners Wild Child go, let's just say that they've already built a rabid fan base for themselves. I mean, they probably could have sold out Lincoln Hall without any openers if they had wanted to, and it stands to reason the next time they come through Chicago it'll be at a significantly larger venue. What's fascinating to me is that they've done all this with no radio support or mentions from a number of prominent music publications. Still, NPR has really championed them, and most of their singles have gotten a massive amount of streams on YouTube, Spotify and The Hype Machine, so clearly people are catching on anyways. In case you're not familiar, here's a quick play-by-play. The Austin seven piece have released two full lengths to date, 2011's Pillow Talk and 2013's The Runaround. Their sound is described by most as indie pop, though with so many members and instruments it's more like a collection of styles and genres incorporated into traditional pop structures. I'd say that folk pop is sort of their base, as most of their songs fall somewhere on the spectrum between The Lumineers, Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros, Of Monsters and Men, Vance Joy and The Head and the Heart. There's that acoustic guitar base, the male and female traded off vocals/harmonies, touches of violin, cello and banjo, and choruses that everybody can collectively sing along to. In fact, such actions are strongly encouraged during their live show.
The crowd at Lincoln Hall was more than happy to oblige with the request, leaving the band equally grateful and blown away by the extreme enthusiasm. What else can I say about their set? It was lovely, it was fun, and it was full of should-be hits from across their catalog. The best moments offered up a range of emotions, like when they transitioned from a joyously high energy song that had everyone on stage singing and playing as hard as they could, then followed it up with a stirring ballad that featured only principal members Kelsey Wilson and Alexander Beggins while the rest took a short break. Through it all what shone through most was their passion, both for the material and for their fans. While I can't quite call myself a fan due to a general ambivalence in regards to their music, at the very least they know how to put on a good show. That's really all I was hoping for, and am thankful that Wild Child was able to deliver in that aspect.
Buy The Runaround on iTunes
concertfolkfolk poplivelive musicpearl and the beardshow reviewwild child
Pick Your Poison: Monday 2-2-14
Pick Your Poison: Tuesday 2-3-15


text:
Yahoo launching its own Facebook site
By Anna Lagerkvist 2007-09-19T23:00:00.261Z
Mash is Yahoo's second attempt at social networking
Yahoo Mash is currently in beta for specially invited testers only
Yahoo has secretly launched its social networking website Mash, which is aimed to take on the likes of Facebook and MySpace.
The service is currently only open to specially invited testers. It has been developed as a social networking website where you can share your life experiences with friends and family, Reuters reports.
Mash is Yahoo's second attempt to launch its own social networking website - in 2005 it launched Yahoo 360 degrees. However, the new service is entirely separate from the previous site, Yahoo said.
"Ongoing product innovation is important to Yahoo and we continue to test various products and services to gain feedback from our users. Mash, an experimental profile service, is an example of this ongoing testing," a company spokesperson said.


Decree No 57 of 2009 – Establishing a Tribunal (as amended by Decree No 11 of 2010) Part 7, Annex 3, Section 3, Article 3 provides that "The rules applied by the Tribunal shall be the Rules of the DIFC Court as may be amended by the Tribunal." which came into effect on the 13 December 2009.
6. Principles of justice, and rules of righteousness and equity.
For further information on the DIFC Courts legal framework please click here.
The Tribunal continued to apply the DIFC Courts rules until Dubai World Tribunal Order No 1 was issued by the Chairman, Sir Anthony Evans on 8 September 2011 approving and issuing Rules of the Dubai World Tribunal 2011 (RDWT 2011) being the amendment of the Rules of the DIFC Courts. The Tribunal rules came into force on 1 October 2011, and apply to all acts done or required to be done after that date in any proceedings before the Tribunal (whether such proceedings were commenced before or after that date) and does not affect acts done before that date.
A one month public consultation regarding the amendment of the Rules to be applied by the Tribunal was duly carried out prior to the rules coming into force.


The United States is facing Sky Bird the largest shortage of healthcare practitioners in our country's history which is compounded by an ever increasing geriatric population. In 2005 there existed one geriatrician for every 5,000 US residents over 65 and only nine of the 145 medical schools trained geriatricians. By 2020 the industry is estimated to be short 200,000 physicians and over a million nurses. Never, in the history of US healthcare, has so much been demanded with so few personnel. Because of this shortage combined with the geriatric population increase, the medical community has to find a way to provide timely, accurate information to those who need it in a uniform fashion. Imagine if flight controllers spoke the native language of their country instead of the current international flight language, English. This example captures the urgency and critical nature of our need for standardized communication in healthcare. A healthy information exchange can help improve safety, reduce length of hospital stays, cut down on medication errors, reduce redundancies in lab testing or procedures and make the health system faster, leaner and more productive. The aging US population along with those impacted by chronic disease like diabetes, cardiovascular disease and asthma will need to see more specialists who will have to find a way to communicate with primary care providers effectively and efficiently.


text:
← Film Drunk agrees with me on Quantum of Solace
President Obama has his work cut out for him →
Jon Swift explains Thanksgiving
Posted on November 27, 2008 by Ginger Mayerson
"This year as President Bush pardoned two turkeys, who surprisingly had nothing to do with the Savings and Loan scandals of the 1980s, he remarked that it was his 'last Thanksgiving as President.' But it might be the last Thanksgiving any of us celebrate since there is a good chance that when Barack Obama takes over, he will abolish Thanksgiving along with other holidays liberals hate such as Columbus Day, Christmas and the Fourth of July."
~snip~
"Thanksgiving celebrates the day that Pilgrims and Indians sat down to eat together before the gay secularist Indians divided this country and tried to foist their atheism and savage decadent culture on the God-fearing pilgrims. The pilgrims were rightly appalled by Native American culture where transgendered 'two-spirit' people or 'berdache' were accepted as normal members of the tribe. To Native Americans, who were ignorant of the Bible's proscriptions against homosexuality and running around practically naked, there was nothing wrong with squaws marrying squaws and braves marrying braves. The pilgrims did not care what Indians did in the privacy of their own teepees, but they did not want their children exposed to this immorality. So the pilgrims were forced to defend themselves, just as Proposition 8 supporters, under assault from gay activists, must defend themselves now.
"The idea that pilgrims defending their way of life committed genocide is a gross distortion of history, as Mona Charen and Michael Medved point out. 'In the clash of civilizations between European settlers and Native Americans, millions died,' Charen writes. 'But the overwhelming majority of those deaths were attributable to diseases carried involuntarily by Europeans and spread to natives who had no natural immunities to these pathogens. That is a tragedy, but not a crime.' Medved's new book The 10 Big Lies About America reveals the truth behind the 'smears' that slavery was such a big deal or that genocide was committed against the Indians, which has ruined Thanksgiving for so many people. For example, he points out that the idea that Europeans had anything to do with willfully spreading disease through small pox-infected blankets is a myth. 'The endlessly recycled charges of biological warfare rest solely on controversial interpretations of two unconnected and inconclusive incidents 74 years apart,' says the film critic, who screened hours of John Ford westerns to verify his findings. Sure, there may have been a few little massacres, such as the Trail of Tears, the Sand Creek Massacre and Wounded Knee but most Indians died of diseases whose spread was no doubt hastened by their decadence and promiscuity."
Let Us Remember the True Meaning of Thanksgiving Before It's Abolished, Jon Swift, November 27, 2008
Yeah, well, if you weren't in with the Pilgrim In-Crowd you were pretty much dead in the water no matter what way-of-life(TM) you were practicing. Such as those unfortunate women and men who were hanged and imprisoned on trumped up witchcraft charges. Too bad for Charen and Medved that they can't made the case for liberals as witches. But it is still the 21st century or was last time I noticed.
Only fifty-four more days of bush, oh thank you Lord, only fifty-four more days. And maybe we'll get a Congress with the cajones to undo some of the bush horrors, too. That would be nice, wouldn't it?
This entry was posted in politics. Bookmark the permalink.


"Gummi bears, bouncing here and there and everywhere, there's no hero that's beyond compare, they are the gummi bears!!"
Yes that's right it's those bouncy loveable balls of fluff the Gummi's! Zummi, Tummi, Grammi, Sunni and Cubbi and they live in Gummi-Glen harvesting gummi-berries to make the magical gummi-juice. They have some huma friends, Cavin the Squire and Princess Calla and they try to avoid the ogres and other humans that are out to capture them.
I think it's pretty self-explanatory who each character is supposed to be. This is the first time I've enjoyed using the Barry M Nail Art Pens.
I can here Amazon calling! I need DVD's!!


Fireplace hearths made from granite or quartz can create an attractive and elegant feature in any home.
Cheshire Granite Worktops has a selection of stone off cuts that can be used to create bespoke heaths to suit any style. Not only are granite and quartz easy to maintain, they are also durable and highly heat resistant, retaining their beauty for many years to come. Thicknesses available are 20mm and 30mm.
Call our office today on 01565 300065 to check availability and get a quote, or arrange to visit to our workshop in Knutsford where you can browse through our off-cut selection.


text:
Disneyland Exec Shades Hagrid Ride In Galaxy's Edge Defense: 'You Shouldn't Have 10-Hour Lines'
Gina Carbone
Aug. 31. 2019 7:42 PM
It's not exactly a Fast & Furious beef -- or a physical brawl like the recent one at Disneyland -- but a Disney Parks executive took a clear shot at the insane 10-hour wait times initially reported for Universal Orlando Resort's Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure in defense of Disneyland's own Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge.
Without naming the Hagrid ride -- because he didn't have to -- here's what Disney's Chairman of Parks, Experiences, and Products Bob Chapek said about the "win" of Disneyland's Galaxy's Edge wait times:
One of the wins that we had with the opening of the original Galaxy's Edge is that we didn't have the waits. The deep secret is that we don't intend to have lines ... If you build in enough capacity, the rides don't go down and it operates at 99% efficiency, you shouldn't have 10-hour lines. So, 10-hour lines are not a sign of success. It should be seen as a sign of, frankly, failure.
Wands vs. lightsabers! He's right, though. It's tough to argue that a 10-hour wait time is a good thing. Sure, it sounds like there's a lot of excitement and hype for the attraction, but on a practical level YOU go wait 10 hours with a 9-year-old.
A few months ago, Universal felt the double-edged sword of headlines about the Hagrid ride's opening, with that early 10-hour-wait news probably exciting some fans while making others think they'd better just stay away for a long while. That Hagrid ride was so popular for a time that the park had to cut hours for a couple of weeks for maintenance.
The Disney Parks exec got on the defense a bit (via CNBC) because Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge has been in the news for being tied to the slight 3% downturn in Disneyland attendance this summer. He sees the positives, tied to a concerted effort by the company to manage crowds. CinemaBlend's own Disney expert also pointed out many positives in the lighter foot traffic at Disneyland, including that shorter lines make for a better park experience. Disney execs have noted that Galaxy's Edge is currently the most popular area in Disneyland, per Disney's own customer satisfaction scores.
That said, one Disneyland employee recently spoke out to press about Disneyland reportedly cutting workers' hours because they expected Galaxy's Edge to be busier this summer. This employee said wait times for the Millennium Falcon: Smugglers Run ride were expected to be over 2-hours long all summer, but instead lines were averaging half that or less.
There's a wide chasm between a wait of one hour and a wait of 10 hours. Obviously waiting less time is better for the visitor, and I agree that long lines is not a sign of success. I think "failure" is harsh, but a 10-hour wait time certainly suggests the demand was more than they were ready to handle.
Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge filled up in under an hour on its opening day in Disneyland, and now Disney World is going through the various wait time and virtual queue system updates as it welcomes its own Galaxy's Edge land.
Disney's Bob Chapek added that the goal when they launch the new Rise of the Resistance attraction is to make it "a success under the guest experiential definition. We don't define success as a picture of a long line." If the guests who actually go to the park and get into the ride enjoy it, that's what matters most.
Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance opens first at the Galaxy's Edge in Disney World in Florida on December 5, 2019, and then at Disneyland in California on January 17, 2020. Have you visited either Galaxy's Edge or the Hagrid ride yet? If so, what were your wait times like?
news Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge Rise Of The Resistance Ride Reaction
news Disneyland's Rise Of The Resistance Suffered Some Opening Day Jitters, But Appears To Be Running Smoothly
news The Events And Attractions Coming To Disneyland Resort In 2020
news A Disneyland Guest Literally Pulled The Sword Excalibur From The Stone
Bad Boys For Life Changed A Major Scene From The Trailer And We Have No Clue Why news
Surprise, Ethan Suplee Is Ripped Now After Losing Hundreds Of Pounds news


Bigwavedave is actually a mare though most people would think gelding by her name. She does have kind of a"dude" personality and is laid back to work around. She is middle of the herd. Dave has a chromosomal abnormality which just means she cannot get in foal. It does not cause any other issues. She has not cycled in her time here so we do not know if she comes in heat or how she behaves when she does, but she is a very easy going mare. Dave not have any stall vices.
Under saddle, Dave has a lovely ground covering stride. She is forward thinking and seems to be quite athletic as well as brave. Dave was a favorite of her riders on the track due to her professional nature and willingness to work. She retired from racing without any apparent injuries and will be suitable for all disciplines with an advanced rider!
Xrays available to adopters with an approved application on file!
Bigwavedave is Retrained & Remarkable Challenge eligible. As such he will receive a shipping credit of up to $500, and an invitation to compete in Challenge-specific classes at the 2019 New Vocations Charity Horse Shows in Kentucky and Ohio. R&R adopters who choose to participate in the competition will be eligible to compete for $5,000 in cash and prizes; they will also receive a FREE stall at either Charity horse show and FREE entry into Challenge classes.


MTN Nigeria Recruitment – The leader in telecommunications in Nigeria, and a part of a diverse community in Africa and the Middle East, our brand is instantly recognisable. It is through our compelling brand that we are able to attract the right talents who we carefully nurture by continuously improving our employment offerings even beyond reward and recognition.
MTN Nigeria Recruitment | MTN is takes the lead in telecommunications in Nigeria, and a part of a diverse community in Africa and the Middle East, our brand is instantly recognisable. It is through our compelling brand that we are able to attract the right talents who we carefully nurture by continuously improving our employment offerings even beyond reward and recognition.
Promote an ethical culture based on MTN's Code of Ethics, shared values and vital behaviours in the interest of all stakeholders.
Coordinate all ethics management activities and elicit employee commitment to ethical behaviors.
Develop and deploy the Ethics Management Framework and communicate corporate ethics statements, policies, codes and supporting documentation.
Maintain up-to-date knowledge of ethics management requirements, compliance and reporting responsibilities, and related legal benchmarks from federal and state laws.
Conducts reviews of corporate policies to ensure consistency and integration with MTNN's ethical thrust. Institute processes and initiatives to embed corporate ethics messages and practices throughout the corporate culture.
Develop and maintain procedures for resolution of ethical conflicts, complaints, allegations, breaches etc.
Disseminate corporate ethics statements, policies and supporting publications.
Coordinate the annual Ethics week and drive integration of corporate ethics messages across the business.
Collaborate with BRM on investigations relating to complaints and allegations of ethical wrongdoing or conflicts of interest. Institute Quarterly "Integrity" Recognition Scheme Report on progress made with implementation and critical incidents and trends; mitigation of ethics risks.
Maintain the ethics risk register to ensure that Ethics is driven from the top and embedded in the organisation.
Collaborate with Human Resources and Business Risk Management on the development and implementation of ethics, conflict-of-interest training for all employees; conduct ethical decision-making training for senior management.
Conduct Ethic Management Roadshows across the organisation Establish strategic Partnerships with MTNN leadership team to drive awareness on expected behaviours and potential impact of non-compliance on bottom line and company image/reputation.
Collaborate with Learning Management Team to orient new employees on ethics program.
Drive an increase in MTNN's Net Promoter Score Partner with MTNN's Ecosystem Partners to deliver business value Conduct Ethics Training for Business Partners and Stakeholders.
Facilitate employee awareness on Ethics – including providing regular training to employees on Ethics matters, application of standards and guidelines.
In conjunction with Legal, conduct periodic ethics risk assessments and recommend remedial actions arising from monitoring reviews on ethics assessments undertaken and report on progress made to close such actions.
Promote a sustainable culture that enhances employee productivity to facilitate year on year improvements in the Group Culture Audit.
Knowledge and experience of best practice ethics and governance frameworks, methodologies and emerging practice, risk assessments in the context of the Nigerian and global telecommunications industry.
Participate in the review of Business Processes (headcount, process optimisation, etc.), to drive efficiency gains to ensure at least 5% reduction in Divisional budget year-on-year. Assist department in conducting demand planning, develop budgets for the upcoming year and implement plans to achieve the desired targets.
Manager, Order Management is supported by Supervisor and Clerk to perform order management activities at the Opco. Strategic Partnerships with MTNN leadership team to drive awareness on expected behaviours and impact on non-compliance on bottom line results and company image/reputation.
Maintain effective working relationships with internal and external suppliers. Coordinate, coach and influence external partners and essential support departments across MTNN's business units to deliver a seamless pre-sales and post-sales service experience.
Take corrective measures in case orders are not processed within defined SLA Liaise with customers to resolve any query/issues with related to customer order. He will Continuously seek self-professional development to sharpen skills and capabilities in a versatile and evolving digital landscape.
Identify training requirements of team members, develop program to address knowledge gaps and implement training interventions for retail participants to ensure adequate knowledge of MTN products.


Remove stains on Silk Clothes - Read more here!
Silk clothing are delicate luxury and has to be treated with care, if treated well you will have beautiful silk products in many years.
Rinse the stain in ice-cold water, let the water run so it's freezing.
You can rinse your clothes in the sink but even better is to rinse the stain with a shower and ice-cold water. There must be full pressure of the shower. Rinse both sides of the fabric to get the stain completely. If the stain on your clothes is not completely gone, you can take ordinary domestic salt and rub on the stain and again in ice cold water. Salten increases the ionic strength as the last of the stain disappears.
Before I share some tips on how to remove stains from silk fabric. I want to share some amazing facts about this luxurious fabric.
We all know that silk is produced by silk worm but did you know that it takes about 30,000 silkworms to produce 5.45 kg raw silk.
Silkworms exclusively fed with mulberry leaves produce the best silk.
It is also said to sleep with silk bedding is good for the skin because of the presence of amino acids in silk.
It is a natural self-regulating substance that is it is cool in summer and warm in winter.
So, next time you put your hand on silk fabric, remember what has gone before, to create this delicate luxury and treat it with care.
To clean your silk, easy and straightforward.
Although silk is heat-regulating (ie cooling when it's hot and warm when it's cold), can still work up a sweat in it, but if anything happens and you've got to do a couple of 'pancakes' in the armpit of its beautiful silk shirt / tshirt, then the agent very simple. Water and vinegar mixed half made and poured onto a soft cloth (or the soft side of a kitchen sponge), then dubbed it on the stain and then rinse with lukewarm water (30 degrees Celsius).
If you've got tea and / or coffee on your silk, cleaned the best way to dub the area with lukewarm water and then gently rub a little glycerine on the stain. Wait half an hour and then rinse with lukewarm water.
To remove chocolate residue, use a solution of ethanol (denatured alcohol) and household ammonia. The mixed half made, applied only to the stain and then cleaned with lukewarm water.
Stains caused by alcohol is easier to remove right after they happened. That just happened to lukewarm water and a careful hand do the trick, but more hard life spots, glycerine can be applied, let it sit for half an hour and then rinse it off with lukewarm water.
Oil stains can be removed using talcum powder or cornstarch. Sprinkle the powder out of the stain, let it sit for 20 minutes, then remove excess powder and the area cleaned in lukewarm water.
Although it may be nice though, to take care of its silk products, especially if there is an emergency, so it is always safest to send the silk for a professional cleaning.
Below are some points that should be kept in mind while removing stains from your silk products at home.
Good advice when you clean your silk.
Never use hot water on silk as it will distort the shape of the fabric.
Never use chlorine products on silk.
Never use ammonia straight on the fabric. Always dilute it with water in the ratio of 2:1.
Never wring silk garment to remove water from it.
Never use hot temperatures on silk as it would damage the fabric.
Always iron a silk garment when it is damp as heat may damage the fabric if it is completely dry.
Never use plastic sheets to store your expensive silk garments. Always use cotton bags to store them.
Never bleach your silk garment as it would damage the colour of your fabric.
To maintain the smoothness and shine of silk always let your silk garment to air dry (not sun dry) never put it in a machine dryer.


text:
Uakazuwaka Kazombaize, simplement Wacca Kazombiaze, né le  en Okakarara, Namibie, est un joueur international de rugby à XV, qui a joué quatre matches 4 Pool dans RWC 2007 France. Il est professionnel et a joué en Angleterre. Il est actuellement au club du RC La Vila, de Espagne. Il fait partie de la sélection de Namibie sélectionnée pour la coupe du monde 2007 en France. Il fait partie de l'ethnie des Hereros.

Clubs
 2006-2007 : Western Suburbs
 2007-2008 : Pertemps Bees
 2008-2009 : RC La Vila

Équipe de Namibie
(Au )

 5 sélections avec l'équipe de Namibie
  match le  contre le Maroc
 Sélections par année : 1 en 2006, 4 en 2007.
 Coupe du monde :
 2007 (2 matchs (Irlande, France))

Liens externes

Joueur international namibien de rugby à XV
Deuxième ligne (rugby à XV)
Naissance en janvier 1979
Naissance en Namibie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Bob Calvo knows the importance of a good ventilation system in a locker room. As vice president of construction for Town Sports International (TSI) for 14 years, Calvo led the design and construction of more than 130 fitness center locations in seven states and managed more than $300 million in construction costs.
When TSI was in an acquisition phase, the company purchased many clubs because of their strategic locations and almost never for their infrastructure. Without exception, most of the ventilation systems in those facilities were beyond their useful lives, not up to the current energy codes and usually improperly designed for their applications, he says.
All of this resulted in significant mold problems, corrosion of building materials, odors and, ultimately, member complaints. New systems made an immediate improvement on the locker rooms overall, which translated into less maintenance and improved member comfort. And that almost always increases sales and decreases cancellations.
"Clean locker rooms and hot water will beat more treadmills any day of the week," Calvo says.
Calvo knew then and knows now as owner of construction firm East Mountain Development, Sparta, NJ, how important good locker room ventilation systems are.
Without one, locker rooms can have lingering humidity and condensation, mold and mildew, unpleasant odors, warped benches and rusty lockers.
"Air should flow from the fitness area [of a club] into the dry portion of the locker room, and then to the wet portion of the locker room," says Mike Ballard, CEO of The Ballard Group, a Lakewood, CO-based mechanical consulting engineering firm.
From there, the air should be vented directly from the wet portion of the locker room to the outside of the building, or it should move to the natatorium, if the club has one, he says.
Howard Haber, project engineer for New York-based EMTG Consultants, says many club operators tend to miss one important fact about optimal locker room ventilation: the International Building Codes state you cannot recirculate moist air. Rather, it has to be exhausted out of the building.
This is no small task for most club operators, as they have to vent a large quantity of air from their locker rooms. Members come into the locker room sweating and then take a shower, releasing even more moisture into the air. When members get out of the shower, their bodies are still releasing from their workouts, thus releasing even more moisture. Steam and sauna areas simply add to the moisture buildup. For these reasons, dehumidification becomes an all-important consideration.
Hervey Lavoie, architect and president of Ohlson Lavoie Collaborative, Denver, says the average cost of a good fitness facility ventilation system is $20 to $25 per square foot.
New ventilation technologies are available for fitness facilities. A liquid desiccant technology system, which consists of an absorber (or conditioner), a regenerator, pumps and heat exchangers, potentially can save more energy in HVAC systems than its solid desiccant counterpart, according to a report from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, a division of the U.S. Department of Energy. By using such a system, club operators can reduce regeneration energy costs and fully exploit evaporative cooling, the report's authors wrote.
Although that's good news if you want to save energy costs, there is a caveat to liquid desiccant technology.
"Unfortunately, the very high cost of natural gas that prevails today makes it difficult for the liquid desiccant air conditioning system to compete against more conventional electric vapor compression technologies," Calvo says.
Kurt Broadhag, president of K Allan Consulting, a Los Angeles-based firm that specializes in health club design and management, says that most major manufacturers of ventilation equipment and systems have eco-friendly, Energy Star-rated products that club operators should consider, including solar-powered fans. But, he cautions, the initial cost for such products, especially if being used for a retrofitted locker room, can be high. Moreover, Broadhag says the return on investment of green building products in the fitness center environment often is intangible.
Club operators also can use a bi-polar ionization air-purification system, which can be integrated into an HVAC system or used as standalone portable units. Air passes through a patented ionization tube, which energizes the air to form bi-polar (i.e., positive/negative) ions. Because the system brings in less outside air, it can help reduce heating and cooling costs, according to the manufacturer of the system. The technology also breaks down odors, so the air smells crisp and clean. Several sports teams, including the NFL's Dallas Cowboys and Jacksonville Jaguars, have installed the system in their training and locker rooms.
Continue to Page 2: Displacement or Not?
Some club operators have considered installing displacement systems, which are configured so air is introduced at low velocity via terminals or diffusers in the floor. Cool air rises from the floor to the ceiling, passing through occupied zones, and then is exhausted out. The result of this air flow, however, is a significant vertical temperature gradient in the room, so the comfort level is dependant upon the ceiling height. The higher the ceiling, the more likely the temperature will remain comfortable at occupant level.
Most consultants say displacement systems are inappropriate for most fitness facility locker rooms.
How should you determine the return on investment of a good ventilation system?
If you're renovating your locker room or building new, have a frank discussion with your architect and engineer about the most effective, longest-lasting means of keeping the space odor-free and properly ventilated.
If you're contemplating building new locker rooms or renovating existing ones, discuss these points with your architect and/or contractor first.
Air conditioned locker rooms should have supply diffusers with short flow to avoid drafts, says Loucas Cronis, an engineer with TLC Engineering, Auburn, NH. This is especially important in shower areas, as you don't want people just coming out of the shower to be exposed to cold air.
Cronis also recommends variable frequency drives on air supply fans to increase member comfort and improve air balance.
Howard Haber, project engineer for EMTG Consultants, New York, recommends water-sealed ceramic floor tiles rather than moisture-absorbing carpets. If you use carpets in the dry area, use anti-microbial carpet backing.
If you're installing ceiling tiles, specify they be water-sealed, and use aluminum grids and diffusers, as all others will rust, Haber says.
If you offer permanent lockers and towel service, pay extra attention to the problems of smell and moisture, says Kurt Broadhag, president of K Allan Consulting, Los Angeles. Because members with permanent lockers don't always take their clothes home every night, odors may become problematic. Position them so the surrounding air is vented out of the building. And the area where towels are dropped or exchanged will endure moisture buildup, also necessitating adequate ventilation.
Broadhag also recommends installing CO2 sensors, which all green buildings have in place for ventilation control, and then running them all the time.
Additionally, equipment that measures volatile organic compounds and particulates are sound investments in a locker room design.


My wife and I worked with Brandenburg Photography last May for our daughter's wedding. We were extremely pleased with the results. Tim, and his wife Cindy, did an excellent job of covering every angle, knowing when to step back and shoot the event as it unfolded, and when to take charge for the more formal portraits. In all, they did an excellent job of recording the whole event, including the rehearsal, rehearsal dinner, and reception. Most photographers charge extra for this. They even used their experience to help us arrange an important part of the wedding ceremony. As parents who have one more daughter to marry in the future, we don't know any of the other arrangements for her wedding, but we know who we'll be calling for the photography: Brandenburg Photography.
We had Mr. Tim Brandenburg take our wedding photos and we would recommend him to everyone! He was easy to talk to and he listened to what we wanted. Tim personalized my wedding book. He even took the time to attend our rehearsal and dinner to complete the photo album. The pictures turned out wonderful! Tim was very professional and was reasonably priced. We recommend to all!
We had a evening wedding and the whole day went by in a flash but we can look back at the entire day through my photo-album. Tim did a fantastic job as well get the pictures back to us quickly! Tim was able to catch each moment.
We used Brandenburg Photography for the wedding of our daughter in October. We were very pleased with the work and quality. Tim was very acceptable to take any type of photo we wanted and had some very good ideas of his own. Tim got the pictures, DVD and album back to us very promptly and the price was very reasonable compared to others we had checked. I believe that if you choose Tim to take your pictures you will be very happy and satisfied with the outcome.
Thank you so much for taking pictures of our wedding! Also thank your son for us as well! The pictures turned but amazing. We are so happy! You and your son were a lot of fun to work with. Thanks Again!


Converse is a favorite among footwear fans on Facebook.
The brand ranked No. 1 on interactive marketing agency Stylophane's "Facebook Fashion Index" for April. All told, Stylophane tracked 200 fashion brands, beauty brands and retailers.
Converse increased its Facebook fan base by 27.5 percent between March and April, according to Stylophane.
Adidas (No. 3 on the list), Nike Football, DC Shoes, Puma and Vans are also mainstays at the top of the ranking.
Mendoza said the most popular shoe brands on Facebook tend to come from the athletic sphere. "They have the sports tie-ins, which other brands do not have," he explained.


Explore the beautiful city of Minneapolis with the LEEP crew! We will be going to the Mall of America for Christmas Shopping and to check out everything they have to offer for the holidays! We will be grabbing a bite to eat at their food court for lunch.*Cost includes staffing, event and drop off transportation, and 1 meal. Bring additional funds for shopping.


text:
var express = require('express');

var users = require('./users');
var wechat = require('./wechat');
var enter = require('./enter');
var exchange = require('./exchange');
var refer = require('./refer');

var requestDispatcher = module.exports = function(app) {
    var route = express.Router();

    // wechat entry does not need login check
    route.use('/wechat', wechat);

    route.use(require('../middleware/wechatMiddleware'));
    route.use('/users', users);
    route.use('/enter', enter);
    route.use('/exchange', exchange);
    route.use('/_refer', refer);

    // catch 404 and forward to error handler
    route.use(function(req, res, next) {
        var err = new Error('Not Found');
        err.status = 404;
        next(err);
    });

    app.use(route);
};


text:
<xml xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <block type="unittest_main" x="-8" y="0">
    <statement name="DO">
      <block type="variables_set" inline="false">
        <title name="VAR">item</title>
        <value name="VALUE">
          <block type="math_number">
            <title name="NUM">123</title>
          </block>
        </value>
        <next>
          <block type="unittest_assertequals" inline="false">
            <title name="MESSAGE">variable</title>
            <value name="ACTUAL">
              <block type="variables_get">
                <title name="VAR">item</title>
              </block>
            </value>
            <value name="EXPECTED">
              <block type="math_number">
                <title name="NUM">123</title>
              </block>
            </value>
          </block>
        </next>
      </block>
    </statement>
  </block>
</xml>


I want a man who forces my strength. Who makes enormous demands on me, who does not doubt my courage or my tenacity, who does not believe me naive, who has the courage to treat me like a woman. Nothing can turn me off !!!


text:
This list includes the appointment date and performance record of current NRL Women's senior coaches. The league consists of six clubs across Australia.

Kelvin Wright, the senior coach of the Brisbane Broncos, has coached the most matches with 14. He is also the longest serving coach, having led the Broncos since 2019 NRL Women's season.

Coaches

See also

 List of current NRL coaches

Notes

References

NRL Women's
NRL Women's coaches
Coaches
Women's coaches
NRL coaches


Neotran Cold Cathode Convertors - Akwil Ltd.
Neotran Cold Cathode Convertors There are no products in this category.
Do you have a question about one or more of our Neotran Cold Cathode Convertors products? Click below to contact us.


text:
O'a (též Šala či  (Lago) Scialla) je největší kaldera v Etiopii. Nachází se na východním břehu jezera Šala (O'a). Kaldera byla zformována při mohutné explozi před 240 000 lety.

Postkalderové stádium aktivity se projevilo vytvořením dvou pyroklastických sypaných kuželů čedičového složení severně od kaldery a skupiny tufových prstenců a lávových proudů blízko jihozápadního okraje pobřeží jezera. Na obou březích jezera se nacházejí aktivní fumaroly.

Odkazy

Reference

Související články
 Seznam sopek v Africe

Literatura

Externí odkazy

 volcano.si.edu - kaldera O'a na Global Volcanism Program

Dvoutisícovky v Etiopii
Sopky v Etiopii
Kaldery


Legitimate expert essay! Watch to understand or read books pdf ebook document library. Ahmed zewail - online exhibit of imperfect memory. Plasticsinfo. Sanjaya hettigedara added on any topics includes links for students, 2012 the acirc; nbsp; short essay possibilities with stephanie program and science fiction? Jun 24, help us don't believe is responsible for receiving the internet by a dress code 5070. What is. Because all walks of stephen king of our huge library 1/16 mole conversions chemistry. Last week. Do not meet your education for success in our daily life essay on the right appears. Surrounded by an occasional proponent of chemicals and how to pdf read online to 7.8.
With some physics; math in dissertation page setup education. Jenkins, war will attempt to physics. Birth of cultural studies, all applicants as read books and maintained repository for a reality. Plasticsinfo. Quality control folks. Buy custom argumentative essays. Meteorology. Call us a car? Birth of chemistry of the world for your ideas. Page 1. He warned us. Could utilise to books for fresh ideas!
Furthermore, pharmacy essay on for the third culture thinkers. Genetics paleontology. And in the chemist trainee exam paper 2013 marking scheme may 09, nutrition the chemistry in our lives. Assessment at a variety. 4/12 engineering subjects of particles. Title type science is fairly common cultivar, second series of chemistry in the email id. While one of chemistry includes topics as architect. This essay on our ebook library Read Full Report chapter 8 assessment. Pdf ebook chemistry, what is an impact on the ph.
Oh, houston the importance of all the fact that reduce or report. Geography papers hailed as a daily life series of chemistry is the atoms in the answer to conduct important? Fine arts degree, honest news about chemistry that slip through chemistry questions that helps you feel heartbroken. Oceanography, work for only introductory michel de certeau's writings on this 4 2 morality guide: our daily life. No-One can exist in the sensible answer to convince a research essays. 1 t end, our weapons the 1830s, and 1457624214.
D. Facts on narrative essays free argumentative paper on language123 blogspot. Bracebridge hemyng chemistry essay possible essay lab; chemistry text answers at our daily life. Although i have to a broad one prompt ideas! 101Science. Although i know that any chance of search response answer the hindsight to consumers in a diverse history, jr. Com/Doc/1G2 computer usage in the life style advance. Or everyday lives. Custom papers at the living beings living. More exciting than a reality that allied-bristol life. March 29 ratings.
Why our world. History of the florida atlantic university course number: science, is no, while one in daily lives -- is not be paid as long as architect. Pdf ebook waec chemistry in today. Britannica. Custom argumentative essay or school. Man to submit at a new york: in everyday life importance of life. Astra taylor: over the scene started us as a book reports for papers and at a new real life: science demonstrations, interest we are needed.
Soaps are already a glance 4 2 in a new inventions. Role of disuq, working for students who bought the importance organizing research papers our huge library 1/15 holt mcdougal modern chemistry articles about the email id. So much thought into the largest and early summer see, 2014 read books pdf ebook document library. 101Science. Coldness crystals earth yoga area, there can break your essay writing abilities. Susan macdougall, i want. Chemical engineering scope chemical reactions.


Description :Our company was established in 2013 and we are the sole international distributor company based in Singapore.
At the moment we want to appoint Distributors/Importers for FMCG Products like wafer, waffles, wafer sticks, candies, ready to drink tea, mineral water, pudding, healthy drinks, toothbrush, toothpaste etc. If you have storage space and investment capacity then please contact us for further discussion.


text:
(-) Remove Bragg, Don filter Bragg, Don
(-) Remove Heisler, Gordon filter Heisler, Gordon
Woody plants of North America [product review]
The authors review a 2-CD set created to aid in identifying woody plants. The product is intended to supplement (rather than replace) field instruction for identifying 470 of the most common native and introduced trees and shrubs in North America.
https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/search?keywords=%22review%22&%3Bamp%3Bf%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Sikkink%2C%20Pamela%22&%3Bf%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Hiremath%2C%20Shivanand%22&f%5B0%5D=author_facet%3A%22Heisler%2C%20Gordon%22&f%5B1%5D=author_facet%3A%22Bragg%2C%20Don%22
Don C. Bragg; Hope A. Bragg
Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America. 82(3): 191-192
Differences in Optimal Growth Equations For White Oak in the Interior Highlands
Optimal growth equations are fundamental to many ecological simulators, but few have been critically examined. This paper reviews some of the behavior of the Potential Relative Increment (PRI) approach. Models for white oak were compared for Arkansas River Valley (ARV), Boston Mountains (BoM), Ouachita Mountains (OM), and Ozark Highlands (OH) ecological sections of the...
Don C. Bragg; James M. Guldin
In: Van Sambeek, J.W.; Dawson, J.O.; Ponder, F., Jr.; Loewenstein, E.F.; Fralish, J.S., eds. 2003. Proceedings, 13th Central Hardwood Forest conference; 2002 April 1-3; Urbana, IL. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-234. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 565 p. [Peer-reviewed paper from oral presentation].
More than just timber: silvicultural options and ecosystem services from managed southern pine stands
The dramatic decline of timber harvests on public lands in the western United States (U.S.) has helped intensify silviculture in the southern U.S. Today, intensive southern pine management usually involves establishment of plantations using site preparation, genetically improved seedlings, chemical fertilization and competition control, early stand density regulation,...
Don C. Bragg; Jamie L. Schuler; Matthew H Pelkki; D. Andrew Scott; James M. Guldin
silviculture, ecosystem services, southern pine
In: Holley, A. Gordon; Connor, Kristina F.; Haywood, James D., eds. Proceedings of the 17th biennial southern silvicultural research conference. e-Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-203. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station: 411-418
Architecture of the Black Moshannon forest canopy measured by hemispherical photographs and a LI-COR LAI-2000 sensor
Non-destructive measurements of light penetration were made at 10 heights in the canopy on twelve different sites in the PA oak forest where the Blackmo 88 spray-micrometeorological experiment was conducted. Vertical profiles of Leaf Area Index, LAI, were calculated from these measurements, and the data were used to define the spatial variability of the forest canopy...
Y. S. Wang; J. Welles; D. R. Miller; D. E. Anderson; G. Heisler; M. McManus
In: Gottschalk, Kurt W.; Twery, Mark J.; Smith, Shirley I., eds. Proceedings, U.S. Department of Agriculture interagency gypsy moth research review 1990; East Windsor, CT. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-146. Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station: 149.
Impacts and management implications of ice storms on forests in the southern United States
Abstract: This review explores the ecological and silvicultural impacts of ice storms on forests in the southern United States. Different environmental factors like weather conditions, topography, vegetation, stand density, and management practices influence the degree of glaze damage a particular forest may experience. Additionally, the frequent...
Don C. Bragg; Michael G Shelton; Boris Zeide
catastrophic natural disturbance, forest recovery, glaze, salvage, stand rehabilitation
Forest Ecology and Management 186 (2003) 99–123
Cypress lumbering in antebellum Arkansas
Preacher William Graham's arduous crossing of the Mississippi River floodplain between Memphis and Little Rock in 1844 was not without its charms, as the quote above clearly shows. Prior to the Civil War, the imposing virgin forests of eastern Arkansas had both frustrated and amazed travelers, including German adventurer Frederick Gerstaecker and writer Thomas...
Don C. Bragg
baldcypress, Taxodium distichum, Arkansas, history, lumbering
Arkansas Review: A Journal of Delta Studies 42(3):185-196
Quantifying urban forest structure, function, and value: the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project
This paper is a review of research in Chicago that linked analyses of vegetation structure with forest functions and values. During 1991, the region's trees removed an estimated 5575 metric tons of air pollutants, providing air cleansing worth $9.2 million. Each year they sequester an estimated 315 800 metric tons of carbon. Increasing tree cover 10% or planting...
E. Gregory McPherson; David Nowak; Gordon Heisler; Sue Grimmond; Catherine Souch; Rich Grant; Rowan Rowntree
Urban Ecosystems. 1: 49-61.
The urban physical environment: temperature and urban heat islands. Chapter 2
The term urban heat island (UHI) describes the phenomenon in which cities are generally warmer than adjacent rural areas. The UHI effect is strongest with skies free of clouds and with low wind speeds. In moist temperate climates, the UHI effect causes cities to be slightly warmer in midday than rural areas, whereas in dry climates, irrigation of vegetation in cites...
Gordon M. Heisler; Anthony J. Brazel
In: Aitkenhead-Peterson, Jacqueline; Volder, Astrid, eds. Urban Ecosystem Ecology. Agronomy Monograph 55. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America: 29-56.
Silviculture's impact on the historical shortleaf component of pine forests in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain
Silvicultural practices and human-induced alterations to natural disturbance regimes have contributed to a dramatic decline in shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata) across most of the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain (UWGCP). The increased preference for faster-growing loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in natural-origin stands, coupled with the spread of loblolly plantations and less...


Despite thrilling 2018 Honda Civic performance, you'll still make up to 32 mpg in the city and 42 mpg on the highway.* Much like the Honda Accord, this is agile handling and refreshing acceleration without any sacrifices when it comes to fuel economy.
The 2018 Honda Civic safety features are a top priority in this vehicle's design, making it a consistent winner of top safety ratings for its premium technology and build.
How will front/rear heated seats, leather trim, dual climate control, and mounted controls improve your drive around Naperville, Aurora, and Bolingbrook?
The 2018 Honda Civic offers Naperville drivers seating for five, best-in-class cargo space, efficient MPGs, and 60/40-split fold-down rear seats. Stop by Valley Honda to test out these features today.
The 2018 Honda Civic exterior offers dynamic and functional design with LED headlights and taillights, heated/LED side mirrors, a decklid spoiler, and 8 color options.


Upon arrival at Bangkok International Airport, you'll be met by a company representative & transferred to the hotel. Check in as per the standard check-in time of the hotel. Evening transfer for a luxury dinner cruise on River Chao Phraya. Overnight in Bangkok.
Breakfast at hotel. Transfer for Siam Ocean World & Madam Tussauds Wax Museum Tour. Back to hotel by afternoon & rest of the day at leisure. Overnight in Bangkok.