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Abstract Undervaluing EMS Clinicians Burnout, Divorce, Suicide Dysfunction Improving Working Relationships Article Information References
How to Better Value EMS Clinicians as Key Care Team Members
Andrew J. Torresa;
Rozalina G. McCoyb
aEmergency and community paramedic with Mayo Clinic Ambulance serving Rochester and the Southeast Minnesota region. He is interested in behavioral health crisis management, underserved populations, and developing community medicine practices within emergency medical services. As a community paramedic, he cares for patients with acute and chronic health conditions in community settings.
bPrimary care physician, endocrinologist, and the medical director of the Mayo Clinic Ambulance Community Paramedic Service in Rochester, Minnesota. As the medical director of the Community Paramedic Service, she oversees the design, implementation, and evaluation of programs focused on acute and chronic illness care within the community. She is a National Institutes of Health- and Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute-funded health services researcher whose work leverages real-world evidence to improve the quality, accessibility, and equity of diabetes care. She is particularly interested in understanding factors that lead to suboptimal disease management and has worked within and outside of Mayo Clinic to develop patient-centered care delivery models to improve diabetes care and health outcomes.
Emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians, including emergency medical technicians and paramedics, are skilled professionals whose expertise is leveraged routinely to meet a wide range of patient needs. Collaborative interdisciplinary care requires mutual understanding, trust, and respect. Yet, among EMS clinicians and in- and out-of-hospital clinicians, these values are too often not expressed in working relationships. This article offers guidance on how to nourish successful partnerships with EMS clinicians and motivate good care.
Undervaluing EMS Clinicians
Prehospital professionals—specifically, emergency medical responders (EMR), emergency medical technicians (EMT), and paramedics, presented here in an ascending order of training, experience, and scope of practice—make up the core of emergency medical services (EMS) in the United States. Despite the wide range of vital and highly skilled services that EMS clinicians provide, their contributions are often unknown to, or misunderstood and not acknowledged by, other health care professionals. Even patients often do not understand EMS and its full range of capabilities. This lack of appreciation and awareness adversely affects EMS clinicians, the patients they care for, and the health care system more broadly in terms of missed opportunities to fully leverage EMS clinicians' expertise and increasing rates of burnout within EMS.1 The resulting departure of EMS clinicians from the workforce and pervasive shortages within EMS can negatively affect community safety and health.2,3 We argue that there are 3 primary drivers of EMS underappreciation and its negative consequences: inadequate understanding of, trust in, and respect for EMS clinicians by other health care professionals and the community at large. Inadequate understanding of and appreciation for the vital role that EMS clinicians play within society is both manifest in, and worsened by, the reliance on volunteer EMS services in many areas of the United States,4 which suggests that emergency medical care is not a profession but a volunteer activity—and which seems to justify the low wages that professional EMS clinicians are paid.5 These barriers need to be recognized, called out, and addressed if we are to strive for higher quality, more efficient, and more accessible patient-centered care.
Burnout, Divorce, Suicide
Quiz Ref IDMultiple factors contribute to EMS clinicians leaving the field for other—safer, easier, more valued, and higher paid—professions. Burnout rates in EMS exceed 60%.1 Divorce and suicide rates among EMS clinicians are significantly higher than in the general population.6,7 The average career span of EMS clinicians is just 5 years.8 The high rates of stress and burnout among EMS clinicians are in turn due to a number of factors, including (1) low wages, often resulting in the need to hold multiple jobs; (2) heavy workloads and physical demands of the job; (3) the stress of responding to a wide range of emergencies in unknown, uncontrolled, and potentially unsafe environments; (4) exposure to potentially emotionally traumatic events; (5) lack of rest and chronic fatigue, likely the result of the first 4 factors; (6) documentation burden; (7) aggressive or violent patients; (8) poor career recognition, in part because of low wages and in part because of inadequate understanding of the full scope of EMS practice and expertise; and (9) emotional burden, likely a summation of all the above factors.1,9- 13 Moreover, these factors are all interrelated and stem from the societal and individual devaluation of and disregard for the vital role that EMS professionals play in the care of individual patients, the health care system, and society. Importantly, they are all amenable to change.
There are multiple manifestations of society's failure to acknowledge, appreciate, and value the contributions that EMS clinicians make to patient care. The "you call, we haul" attitude within EMS is emblematic of the erroneous perception that EMS clinicians lack clinical acumen, agency, and decision-making capacity.14 Low wages in EMS are both a manifestation of the devaluation of their skills and contributions to society and a driver of burnout and departure from the profession. The median annual pay for EMTs and paramedics in 2021 was $36 930 compared to $48 070 for licensed practical nurses (who have, in many respects, comparable educational backgrounds to paramedics) and $77 600 for registered nurses.15 Fellow health care professionals' ignorance of EMS clinicians' knowledge and expertise, coupled with the clear pay differential, conveys to EMS clinicians their designation as a "lower status" professional. This designation, and the accompanying negative attitudes and disregard of fellow health care workers, can stall forward momentum of EMS advocacy to improve EMS wages and working conditions and contributes to other health care professionals' role-based microaggressions that ultimately lead to EMS burnout and distress.
Microaggression is defined as "commonplace daily verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights, snubs, or insults, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalized group membership."16 While seemingly harmless and often delivered by well-intentioned individuals, the consequence of microaggressions is to "invalidate the group identity or experiential reality of target persons, demean them on a personal or group level, communicate they are lesser human beings, suggest they do not belong with the majority group, threaten and intimidate, or relegate them to inferior status and treatment."17Quiz Ref IDWhile the vast majority of microaggression research is focused on race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or disability stereotyping, microaggressions exist within any social hierarchy and are thus apparent within the health care workplace as well. In health care, these class-based microaggressions focus on individuals' occupational identity, education, language, prestige, and social location.18
Microaggression toward EMS clinicians can be overt or subtle. As a community paramedic, the first author (A.J.T.) has frequently encountered dismissive attitudes from physicians, nurses, and other health care professionals when caring for patients in the home or transporting them from sending facilities, such as nursing homes or hospitals. For example, a common task EMS accommodates is routine transport of patients between health care facilities, referred to as interfacility transports. Quiz Ref IDPatient acuity and risk for acute deterioration vary widely, yet discharging physicians and nurses rarely perform a warm handoff to EMS clinicians caring for the patient en route to the next facility, while a warm handoff to physician and nursing peers is both expected and the norm. This lack of communication creates potential safety concerns for the patient, as EMS clinicians might not have sufficient information about the patient to inform the management of acute clinical deterioration. Ultimately, being left out of the care process signals to EMS clinicians that they are not important contributors to the patient's care.
Other clinicians also routinely make assumptions about EMS clinicians' presumed lack of knowledge, training, and experience, which occasionally manifest in offhand and dismissive comments regarding their care. One microinsult that reinforces these misconceptions is the use of the term ambulance drivers to refer to EMS clinicians. This microinsult suggests that EMS clinicians do little else but chauffer the patient from one location to the next.19,20 There are also fewer depictions of EMS clinicians as story protagonists in the media and public culture in contrast to physicians, nurses, firefighters, and law enforcement, who feature in multiple shows. In the media, EMS clinicians are too often simply the backdrop, stretcher jockeys, or a mechanism to carry the patient away. This stereotype, too, reinforces the perception that EMS clinicians' most—and perhaps only—valuable trait is their ability to transport. And while being "drivers" and having ambulances with stretchers is an important aspect of EMS, the true value of EMS clinicians is their ability to treat critically or acutely ill patients at the site of injury, which is only possible because of their rigorous medical training and practical experience, and to ensure that these patients make it to their destination alive.
Quiz Ref IDWhile microaggressions, such as using the term ambulance driver, might be unintentional or subconscious, all health care professionals can help stop microaggressions by purposefully changing how they act and how their behaviors and attitudes are perceived. These changes include (1) learning about and understanding EMS clinicians' roles and scope of practice, (2) trusting EMS clinicians to perform their duties competently and professionally, and (3) recognizing the contributions of EMS clinicians to the health care system and to patient health. Below, we offer our suggestions for implementing these changes.
Improving Working Relationships
Understanding. The first step in countering EMS underappreciation and reducing burnout is fostering a better understanding of EMS clinicians' training, expertise, scope of practice, and roles within the health care system. Indeed, while low wages21,22 and difficult working conditions23 are important drivers of burnout in EMS, the failure to recognize EMS' contributions to patient health and care delivery is at the core of both low wages and challenging working conditions and is an independent driver of burnout and distress. Although the name emergency medical services suggests that EMRs, EMTs, and paramedics are called upon only at the time of emergency to transport patients to the emergency department where they will receive definitive care, EMTs and (to a much greater extent) paramedics also evaluate and treat a wide range of health conditions across a variety of settings. Quiz Ref IDThe training for paramedics is extensive, with some programs taking upwards of 2 years to complete to ensure competency across multiple domains.24 Patient complaints vary widely, ranging from the highly acute (eg, chest pain, respiratory failure, stroke, multisystem trauma, childbirth) to the chronic (eg, pain, malaise, weakness, fatigue), and include behavioral, mental health, and substance-use related concerns. For each condition, EMS clinicians evaluate patients, stabilize them on site, and initiate treatment at the scene and en route to a higher level of care.25 The breadth of patient populations and clinical scenarios that EMS clinicians encounter requires familiarity with all medical specialties, along with more focused education in critical interventions within certain specialties, such as cardiology, pulmonology, and trauma. EMS clinicians make decisions about patient care and perform interventions with limited information and often without the need for—and potentially without access to—real-time consultation with a physician.
Leveraging the profession's unique training and skills, the relatively new role of community paramedic has further expanded the reach of EMS to encompass the evaluation and management of lower acuity health conditions, chronic illness, and social determinants of health.26 Community paramedics care for patients in a home environment—whether a private home, a long-term care facility, a shelter, or the street—with the explicit goal of providing definitive care and preventing emergency department or hospital use. As a result, community paramedics have the potential to narrow the gaps in access to medical care for underserved rural and urban communities, improve chronic disease outcomes and self-management skills, help address social determinants of health, and reduce health care utilization. The expanded scope of practice of community paramedics is a testament to the level of training EMS clinicians receive during their education, yet their attainments can be met with skepticism and disbelief, ultimately precluding the growth and expansion of community paramedic programs and the overall advancement of the EMS profession.
Trust. The second step is ensuring that we trust EMS clinicians to do their jobs competently and effectively. EMS is vital to reducing mortality and injury27,28 and is often the initial entry point into the health care system, particularly for patients who struggle with physical, financial, or psychological barriers to care. Microaggressions that call into question or second-guess EMS clinicians' knowledge, competency, and ability to perform services that they are trained, certified, licensed, and credentialled in25 reflect a lack of trust in EMS clinicians and negatively impact both their professional well-being and their ability to fully care for their patients. Moreover, once a patient arrives at their destination, the EMS handoff, both oral and written, can provide valuable information to the receiving clinicians, yet such information often is not sought or accepted by the destination physicians and nurses. This information might include trained observations of the scene, such as the conditions surrounding a motor vehicle collision or the patient's home environment, which can affect clinical decisions made by hospital staff.29 EMS is a vital link in the patient's chain of survival and has the incredible responsibility of stabilizing a patient in the field with limited resources. Trust is an essential aspect of mutual respect, and we urge our colleagues across the health care profession to learn more about core EMS skill sets and responsibilities, trust them to do their jobs, and seek their insight and expertise as appropriate. Such professional collaboration is vital to maximizing the value of EMS to the health care system and to patient health.
Acknowledgement. Finally, EMS clinicians are core members of the health care team, yet most physicians and other health care clinicians have few interactions with them. We therefore urge our colleagues to learn more about EMS, take time to meet the responders who work in their area and care for their patients, and engage them as partners in the journey to patient health. Taking these steps includes interacting with EMS in a clinical capacity whenever possible, engaging EMS clinicians in discussions and decision making related to patient care, being present for EMS handoffs, and reciprocating a warm handoff when releasing a patient for transport or accepting a patient in the emergency department. At the leadership level, we urge individuals to consider other engagement opportunities to recognize and elevate EMS' scope of practice, including supporting community paramedicine services and EMS staff utilization in emergency departments and urgent care settings. A wide range of care delivery models can benefit from engagement of EMS clinicians; leveraging their unique skill sets and clinical expertise in out-of-hospital care would benefit patients, support physicians, and other health care staff, and reduce the operational costs of the health care system—all while increasing the visibility and value of EMS clinicians to other health care clinicians and society at large. Ultimately, confronting and disarming class-based microaggressions against EMS clinicians will require efforts similar to those used in addressing microaggressions against any other marginalized population.
Integral Team Membership
As the population ages and patients become increasingly complex, and as health care resources are stretched thin, interdisciplinary team care has become essential for safe, effective, and efficient patient care. Our collective experiences—as a community paramedic and as a primary care physician—underscore the incredible value that a partnership between EMS clinicians and other health care clinicians can bring. EMS clinicians can be physicians' eyes and ears in a patient's home and a patient's voice in clinics or hospitals. Whether treating patients in acute care settings (EMRs, EMTs, paramedics) or chronic care settings (community paramedics), EMS clinicians have unique insights into their patients' health and psychosocial experience that can inform and enrich physicians' decision making. Most of all, while the roles EMS clinicians play in health care differ from other clinicians', health care is—by necessity and value—a team endeavor. Each member of this team has a unique and important function that contributes to the overall health and well-being of the patients served.
Emergency Medicine Ethics
This work was supported in part by grant R03DK127010 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (McCoy).
This article is the sole responsibility of the author(s) and does not necessarily represent the views of the National Institutes of Health or the US government. The viewpoints expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the AMA.
Andrew J. Torres, NRP is an emergency and community paramedic with Mayo Clinic Ambulance serving Rochester and the Southeast Minnesota region. He is interested in behavioral health crisis management, underserved populations, and developing community medicine practices within emergency medical services. As a community paramedic, he cares for patients with acute and chronic health conditions in community settings; Rozalina G. McCoy, MD, MS is a primary care physician, an endocrinologist, and the medical director of the Mayo Clinic Ambulance Community Paramedic Service in Rochester, Minnesota. As the medical director of the Community Paramedic Service, she oversees the design, implementation, and evaluation of programs focused on acute and chronic illness care within the community. She is a National Institutes of Health- and Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute-funded health services researcher whose work leverages real-world evidence to improve the quality, accessibility, and equity of diabetes care. She is particularly interested in understanding factors that lead to suboptimal disease management and has worked within and outside of Mayo Clinic to develop patient-centered care delivery models to improve diabetes care and health outcomes.
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The image to the right depicts one of two things: a chicken standing proud far in front of two farm buildings OR a giant chicken, large enough to be twenty, thirty feet tall, ready to devour all in its path. Although we're pretty sure it's the former suggestion, the idea of the latter is much more appealing to our sensibilities here. This is what you would likely describe as a "primitive folk art hooked rug." It is almost certainly hand made, and it embraces the love and fascination people have had with chickens since their domestication - which was somewhere around nine thousand years ago! There is evidence that the first people to tame chickens were from modern India and China, and they were originally used more as entertainment in the early days than they were for food. Research indicates that they weren't introduced in Europe until about 800 B.C. Now, they have become an integral part of human diet and culture.
So maybe that is why chickens are celebrated in popular culture throughout the world. The Toy Box, here at the American Treasure Tour, recognizes this deep appreciation for chickens with this rug, displayed right above the inside entrance, near where our tram picks up our guests for their ride. Don't be upset with yourself if you haven't noticed it. As far as we can tell, it's never noticed us, either.


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Public Transportation Apps' APIs and Platforms: Maps, Scheduling, Trip Planning, and Mobile Ticketing
Types of public transit apps
Transit app functionality
Schedules and routes with live updates on disruptions and vehicle location
Who hasn't felt excited – and maybe a little paranoid – when going to an airport or bus station? We want our journey, whether business trip or vacation, to run smoothly from the very beginning. So, we try to remember whether we've locked doors, turned off home appliances, checked bags (again!) to make sure that passport and wallet are in place. Once we're satisfied about these things, it's time to think about our destination. How are we getting from the terminal to where we're staying? Where's the nearest public transport stop to a property? How much will it cost and how long does the ride take? A lot of questions arise that can be answered with several clicks or swipes. Public transit apps are here to help travelers navigate a city with the confidence of a local and save time.
To create an outstanding user experience for locals and tourists, we've described the best practices of UX in transportation apps. In this article we'll cover the main APIs and technology providers that help businesses implement core transit app features:
Scheduling and disruption tracking
Payments integration and more
We distinguish three types of public transportation apps: general purpose apps, apps by transport providers, and apps used for the hop-on hop-off tours.
General purpose transit apps. These urban navigation apps usually support dozens or hundreds of cities across the globe and provide information on commuting options by various transport agencies, including bike and car sharing companies. Moovit, Transit, and Citymapper are among the most popular apps of this type. The Moovit app is the heavyweight here: It guides more than 200 million people in over 2500 cities located in more than 80 countries.
Transportation providers' apps. As the name suggests, these apps are developed for specific transport agencies. In addition to route and schedule information for trip planning, such apps allow for online ticket purchase (a passenger usually has to activate a ticket widget to use this feature.) Apps by providers with intercity and international routes (e.g. bus companies like FlixBus) are integrated with ticket reservation systems. These companies deal with a seat inventory as each ticket is issued for a particular ride.
Here's how AltexSoft designed
a Ride-Sharing App as Public Transportation Alternative
Hop-on hop-off tour apps. Hop-on hop-off is the approach to flexible sightseeing bus tours. Each tour consists of one or several routes covering a city's places of interest. Flexible touring means that a tourist can explore landmark by landmark at their own pace, jumping off a specific stop and then taking a bus again to get to the next sightseeing stop. Depending on a destination, these tours may include river cruises. Tour apps like Tuk Tuk Hop and City Sightseeing Amsterdam are designed to provide people with information about routes: stops, static schedules and live location of vehicles, an offline city map, audio guides, or brief descriptions of popular landmarks.
Any public transport app comes with a set of features to help people move around a city using all the transportation options it has to offer. A transit app is like a tireless travel assistant who knows every city corner, is ready to advise on trip planning anytime, and inform on disruptions tracking vehicle locations.
The app must combine a simple interface with rich functionality to serve its purpose. While front-end development requires a significant designer effort, building a backend is an even bigger challenge. A developer must integrate it with a map platform, public transport agencies, ridesharing companies, as well as payment service providers and transaction network processors.
Let's talk more about features that make a public transport app and how to implement them.
Use case: all app types
In the pre-Internet era, a typical traveler would wander around an unknown city with a big printed map. Today's tourist is nearly inseparable from their smartphone, while paper travel books and maps are more souvenirs than necessities.
A map with all kinds of public transport stops, lines, and roads is one of the basic components for every public transit app.
Integration. There is no need to reinvent the wheel because the Maps platform by Google exists. The tech giant provides data for more than 200 countries and territories, which accounts for 99 percent of Earth coverage. And thanks to "over 25 million updates from over 1,000 sources," users can rely on accurate real-time location information.
Google maps are integrated with application programming interfaces (APIs) that enable data exchange between software components.
Developers may use the following APIs:
Maps SDK for Android and iOS allow adding maps based on Google Maps data into an app. APIs provide access to Google Maps servers, data download, map display, and response to user clicks and drags on a map. Developers can add various graphics to give more information for map locations and enable user interaction with the map. These can be markers (icons indicating a location), polygons (objects specifying areas enclosed by a loop), polylines (sets of line segments), and ground or tile overlays. Overlays are map objects anchored to latitude/longitude coordinates that move when a user drags or zooms the map.)
The Maps Static API is used to embed simple static maps.
Maps JavaScript API lets engineers add interactive maps.
Polylines and markers on Google Maps. Source: StackOverflow
Transit apps allow people to simplify journey planning, especially in unfamiliar locations. Commuters no longer need to surf websites before going out, ask pedestrians for help, or research timetables on public transport stops. All users must do is type a destination point (the app defines their location) and choose one of the commuting options. But what happens behind the scenes?
General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS). Transport agencies create and publish digital schedules (AKA feeds) providing developers with information for transit services and applications. Transit data is shared in a General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) format – a common format for exchanging schedule, lines, routes, and transit stops location data. GTFS was created in 2005 by Google software engineer Chris Harrelson who wanted to find ways to incorporate transit data on Google Maps. The project initiative belongs to IT managers Tim and Bibiana McHugh from TriMet, a Portland transit agency.
A GTFS feed is a set of multiple (6-13) text files. Each text document contains information about a particular aspect of a transport type: agency name, routes, stops, operating days or hours, schedule, fares, accepted currencies and payment methods, trips, etc.
GTFS feed example by Google.
It's great to know about commuting options, stops locations, and timetables. But this information is not enough to make a competitive app. A product with live updates on such disruptions as delays, closed or damaged lines, traffic jams is the thing. According to a study of rider behavior, riders with real-time information perceived they had waited for a bus 0.73 minutes less (about 13 percent).
GTFS Realtime. Transit data updates are shared in the GTFS Realtime format. That's an extension to GTFS developed through a partnership of the initial Live Transit Updates partner agencies, a number of transit developers, and Google. Live Transit Updates is a service that providers use to share the current status of their vehicles with application developers. The service has been operating since June 2011.
GTFS feeds contain information on real-time departure and arrival times to stations/stops and service alerts. Feeds also inform about vehicle positions, including their location and congestion levels.
Transit data from aggregators. Developers, especially those building an app with support for many destinations, have to gather and format data from hundreds to thousands operators. For example, nine transport agencies are serving passengers in Adelaide, Australia. The good news is that there are volunteer projects and companies that collect transit data from official sources.
Transitland, for example, gathers and processes such data and welcomes transportation providers across the globe to contribute their feed to its registry. Developers can view, query, and edit transit data with the Transitland Datastore API and integrate it into their products.
Another platform, TransportAPI, redistributes data on public transport across the whole UK and allows for accessing it via RESTful API. Besides static schedules, engineers can make use of real-time transport data and past performance indicators, integrate journey planning, Twitter mapping, and fares information. The platform provides four user plans, two of which with basic features are free.
The WhereIsMyTransport platform is the source for schedule, frequency, and fare data from both formally and informally run public transport vehicles and networks across 23 cities in Africa and the Middle East. The platform provides a free API. But if you expect high traffic volumes, contact the project team.
Popular transit apps like Transit or CityMapper contain information about the bike- and scooter- sharing services for commuters with a passion for transportation modes. Consider Motivate if you plan to add this transportation mode in your app. Motivate is a community of "data geeks," as they call themselves, which transmits system and data feeds from bike-sharing services in several American cities, including New York, Boston, Portland, Washington DC, and the San Francisco Bay Area. Data feeds usually update every minute, so you can be sure your users won't be left without a bike.
Transit data from operators. You can get transit data directly from local public transport companies if your product is tailored to a particular city or area. For instance, The Metropolitan Transit Authority of New York (MTA) provides free data in GTFS format via its MTA API. The information on service disruptions is updated every five minutes. The Chicago Transit Authority also provides transit data and welcomes application developers to use them.
Carsharing and services like Uber are must-haves as well. Uber provides an API to let developers integrate its app's capabilities into their product.
Every commuter wants to be sure their transportation arrives as scheduled. Well, anything can happen on the way: an accident, a component failure, or an outage. That's why transit agencies, such as LA Metro, use automatic vehicle location systems (AVLs) and advanced transportation management system (ATMS) technology to be in full control over their operations. AVL systems are based on a global positioning system (GPS) and allow for tracking fleet geographic location (longitude and latitude), ground speed, and route direction. In general, automatic vehicle location systems consist of GPS equipment on vehicles and software showing location data on a map.
Tracking tourist shuttles in real-time is one of the key features for hop-on hop-off tour apps. Tourists that prefer flexibility to strict timelines have to know both vehicle departure and arrival times and actual location. The City Sightseeing Amsterdam app we mentioned before comes with an interactive map on which users can specify which objects they want to see, including buses and boats that are cruising around. Hop on-Hop off, another app for Amsterdam tours, provides users with live bus tracking. A map also has regular and satellite modes.
Vehicle location tracking in City Sightseeing Amsterdam (above) and Hop on-Hop off apps (below).
Public transit operators may not have the infrastructure to constantly monitor their fleet and update transit data in a timely manner. Consequently, the user experience level you provide depends on the quality of real-time data that agencies share. So, you need to use additional sources of live location data.
Off-the-shelf products. Besides a transit app with the largest city coverage so far, Moovit offers the TimePro vehicle location system for businesses. The cloud-based system includes three parts. The first is a driver mobile app that transmits a vehicle's actual location to Moovit servers. The second is a web-based dashboard for a transportation provider with real-time tracking fleet location support, one-on-one messaging with drivers, and analytics. Finally, transport data with estimated time of arrival (ETA) is shared with Moovit, any integrated transit app, or a website.
TimePro vehicle location system in action. Source: Moovit
If you plan to launch an Uber-like product with a vehicle tracking feature, consider using HyperTrack software development kit (SDK) to build an application. HyperTrack provides live device location and tracking while ensuring low battery consumption (less than 2 percent in 24 hours.)
In short, HyperTrack lets commuters and drivers find and monitor each other's real-time location on a map. It can be used for web apps, mobile, Android, and iOS. The service supports geofencing: It determines user device location and virtual geographical boundaries and notifies both of them. Such features as estimated time of arrival, delay alerts, historical data analysis, and reporting are also available.
Crowdsourcing. Some transit apps have their own win-win solutions. The Transit app team uses crowdsourced live transit data. The app has a built-in GO trip navigator that gives people step-by-step directions (e.g. notifies when to take off) while tracking and sharing a vehicle location from which other commuters can benefit. So, timetable and route data from a transport agency is replaced with the one broadcasted from a user's mobile device once they board a bus or train. It's worth mentioning that you can consider this feature only if you have hundreds of thousands of users.
Use case: general purpose apps, transportation providers' apps
It's time to make a good use of maps with commuting options, live updates on timetable changes and vehicle locations. Journey planning is another key feature that makes a great user experience. This feature allows users to get step-by-step directions on how to get from point A to point B, specify a preferred transit mode, or consider among several or all types of transport.
BVG FahrInfo Plus Berlin users, for example, can search for commuting options in two ways: by typing addresses or setting departure (A) and destination (B) points on a map.
Trip planner in the BVG FahrInfo Plus Berlin app
Integration. For the apps with built-in maps by Google, software engineers may use additional services to add a trip planning feature such as:
The Directions API calculates directions between locations. The service allows users to search for directions for various transit modes: bus, light rail, subway, tram, monorail, bus, intercity bus, trolleybus, ferry, long-distance train, etc. Users also receive directions for cycling, walking, and driving. The AP returns optimal routes when calculating directions and estimated time of a trip or its parts (legs).
The Distance Matrix API provides a route distance and estimates travel time for different travel modes.
The Geocoding API allows for converting addresses into geographic coordinates (e.g. latitude and longitude) and viсe versa. Geocoding can be used for placing markers on a map or positioning the map.
Geolocation API returns the location of a device through the use of location data from cell towers and WiFi nodes instead of GPS.
The Places API returns information about places (e.g. landmarks or restaurants)
Google suggests that developers use Client Libraries for Google Maps Web Services. A software library usually contains pre-written code and data, so developers can build easier and faster.
Use case: apps by transportation providers (both local public transport agencies and those with intercity and international routes)
With the movement towards cashless transactions across businesses, it would be strange not to see the transportation industry moving in the same direction. Passengers value their time and expect the same from transit for providers. A feature that allows travelers to book, purchase, and validate tickets with a mobile device is the cherry on top for a public transit app.
FlixBus app allows users to get on board with paperless tickets. Source: Flixbus
Demand meets supply. In 2016, Mass Transit magazine supported with Masabi mobile ticketing provider surveyed 218 US industry representatives to learn their opinions on the future of fare collection. One of the key findings reveals that 87 percent of transit companies said they already have or plan to implement mobile ticketing by 2021. So, we suggest you join this 87 percent.
Mobile ticketing system. In a nutshell, a mobile ticketing system is an example of a client-server system. It consists of an end-point device with installed transit app, a server, as well as a scanning device in a vehicle or on gate. A client sends a ticket purchase request, a server processes this request, generates a mobile ticket, issues key pairs for its encryption and decryption, and returns the ticket to the client.
Ticket validation technologies. When onboarding, a passenger scans a ticket on a validation device in a vehicle, at a gate, or activates a ticket with the app. Several technologies can be used for activating tickets with physical devices: near field communication (NFC), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and Wi-Fi aware.
NFC is a form of contactless communication between devices that uses radio frequency current. The technology is relatively new, and a limited number of smartphones support it. Here is the full list of NFC-compatible devices you can check out.
It's crucial to consider the adoption level of technology behind a mobile ticketing solution when choosing one.
Integration of mobile ticketing platforms. You can save development efforts and implement this feature with one of the ready-to-use platforms. The Justride mobile ticketing platform by Masabi is one of them. This service turns smartphones into ticket machines. It allows users to choose tickets of various fare types, purchase them, and get them delivered to their digital wallet. The platform provides visual digital and barcode tickets. Visual tickets can be examined by a driver or inspector. Barcode tickets – which we need – can be activated in the app once purchased (even without the connection) or scanned by a validation device in a vehicle or at a gate. Transport providers will also get access to a cloud-based back-office with such functionality as reporting, transit data management, customer service request processing, or monitoring of validation devices. To integrate your app with the ticketing platform, you can use The Justride SDK – a software library and a set of APIs.
Payment integration of a custom mobile ticketing system. How to enable payment for your own mobile ticketing? Generally speaking, you need to integrate your app with one of payment processing platforms. These platforms receive and process online (card-not-present) transactions from cards and digital wallets. Payment processing providers usually offer a suite of services, including cashless payment processing, data analytics and reporting, as well as fraud detection services. Some of the most popular platforms are Worldpay, PayPal-owned Braintree, Stripe, and Adyen.
To start working with a chosen platform, create a merchant account (that comes with a payment processor). The gateway is an API that you call to charge a card. Once you have a merchant account, developers can use APIs and client and server software development kits (SDKs) to enable integration. While developer tools are generally free, platforms apply transaction fees.
Frequent trips. Such customization options as saved locations can add extra points to the overall feedback score for your product. CityMapper, for instance, not only defines the most efficient route with a chosen transport mode but also guides people on their top commutes with Get Me Home or Get Me To Work features. Users are free to choose whether to enter an address themselves or let the app use their current location as a trip start or end point. Once two locations are saved, users can add leaving times for morning and evening commutes and let the app remind them it's time to go home or to work.
Offline traffic maps. As users may not always have the connection, detailed maps with public transport lines may save someone from getting lost.
Flexible pick up. Imagine an alternative to public transportation with an average bus fare and the flexibility of a car. For example, a commuter whose office is nearly 700 feet away from a stop requests to be picked up near an entrance because they are running late or simply have this option. Our UX team has introduced such approach and fully designed new applications for Niftie, an Australian ride-sharing company. According to the model, passengers specify pickup and drop-off, register for a ride, and get boarding pin codes to enter on a driver's tablet when entering a bus.
The perfect transit app must be everything at once: a map, trip assistant, ticket vending machine, and mini encyclopedia. Versatility should be every public transit app developer's goal when it comes to functionality. Core features like maps, schedules, location tracking, and real-time notifications are equally important for any app, whether it's intended to support hundreds of destinations, be tailored to a specific transport provider, or help visitors learn about a city's landmarks.
At the same time, some features become especially sensible for a particular app type.
General purpose apps must include all transportation modes available, step-by-step navigation, and vehicle tracking.
Information about a city and navigating it are important for hop-on hop-off tour apps. A customizable map with live fleet tracking, additional info on sights with photos, as well as walking tours and on-demand routes can enhance the tourist experience. In addition, consider adding an in-app tour purchase option – travelers will thank you.
Seamless booking, payment, and boarding are imperatives for your transit company. Make sure commuters can access up-to-date seat availability and fare information if you operate long-distance routes. It would also be great if travelers could see what part of a route a vehicle has already completed and receive alerts on when to take off.
Interested in travel APIs? Check our other pieces on the topic:
Main travel and booking APIs
Flight and air booking APIs
Airport transfers APIs and solutions
NDC connections and APIs
Low-cost booking APIs
Hotel APIs
Car rental APIs
Tours and attractions APIs
Channel management in hotels APIs
Custom channel management in hotels APIs
Restaurant and table reservation APIs
Photo by Filip Mroz on Unsplash
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include "pthread.h"
#include "implement.h"

int
pthread_rwlockattr_init (pthread_rwlockattr_t * attr)
/*
 * ------------------------------------------------------
 * DOCPUBLIC
 *      Initializes a rwlock attributes object with default
 *      attributes.
 *
 * PARAMETERS
 *      attr
 *              pointer to an instance of pthread_rwlockattr_t
 *
 *
 * DESCRIPTION
 *      Initializes a rwlock attributes object with default
 *      attributes.
 *
 * RESULTS
 *              0               successfully initialized attr,
 *              ENOMEM          insufficient memory for attr.
 *
 * ------------------------------------------------------
 */
{
  int result = 0;
  pthread_rwlockattr_t rwa;

  rwa = (pthread_rwlockattr_t) calloc (1, sizeof (*rwa));

  if (rwa == NULL)
    {
      result = ENOMEM;
    }
  else
    {
      rwa->pshared = PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE;
    }

  *attr = rwa;

  return (result);
}				/* pthread_rwlockattr_init */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Midtown in Focus
Meetings & Events: Midtown in Focus
Midtown Planning Group - Midtown in Focus
Midtown Planning Group – Midtown in Focus
The Midtown Planning Group is being reconvened to support the next stage of work on the Midtown Implementation Initiatives. MPG meetings will be held virtually to respond to physical distancing requirements. Information on the MPG and will be shared here once available.
The Midtown Planning Group consists of the Councillors for Wards 8, 12, and 15 and representatives from over 30 active stakeholder organizations such as local residents associations and business improvement areas.
MPG meetings provide an opportunity for the City to present materials to a smaller group of local stakeholders and receive input before refining materials for public meetings and open houses.
Information on previous MPG meetings is provided under the tabs below.
January 16, 2018 and January 23, 2018
January 16, 2018, 6:30 – 9:30pm
Northern District Library
40 Orchard View Boulevard
Attendance: Approximately 30 people at each meeting
Two update sessions were held for the Midtown Planning Group as part of the City's ongoing Midtown in Focus study.The purpose of the January 16th meeting was to provide a briefing and solicit feedback on the Infrastructure Assessments underway as part of Midtown in Focus, including Community Services & Facilities, Transportation and Municipal Servicing (water, wastewater and stormwater). The purpose of the January 23rd meeting was to present and discuss the Proposed Yonge-Eglinton Secondary Plan Policies and Proposed Parks Plan.
Following presentations by City staff and the consulting team, attendees were able to ask questions, followed by small table discussions and a plenary report back. At both meetings, participants had the opportunity to share feedback during the small table discussions and after each meeting by email. Meeting materials were shared with participants following the meetings to assist them in providing additional feedback.
Meeting summary for January 2018 MPG meetings
6:30 – 9:00pm
Anne Johnston Health Station
Attendance: 35
The purpose of the meeting was to review the built form assessment approach and emerging built form vision and direction for the five Midtown Village Character Areas, workshop the built form vision for the Villages and discuss linkages with the emerging directions for the Midtown in Focus Review more broadly (e.g., public realm, community infrastructure, transportation). Following presentations by City staff and the consulting team, attendees were able to ask questions and participated in small table discussions regarding each of the five Midtown Village Character Areas followed by a report back to the group. Attendees also participated in a mapping exercise to show the geographical distribution of where people live and work.
The meeting was held to provide the group with an overview of the Midtown in Focus schedule for 2017, provide an update on the Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment including next steps, review the built form assessment methodology, and to gather feedback regarding the emerging built form vision and direction for two character areas (Redpath Park Street Loop and Eglinton Greenline). Small table discussions followed each character area presentation and the meeting concluded with a report back to the group.
Key findings form from the City's Community Services and Facilities (CS&F) Assessment were presented at this meeting. Attendees were asked to provide feedback on the CS&F priorities and opportunities for Midtown. Attendees were also given an update on the various work streams and studies being progressed as part of Midtown in Focus. The meeting included a facilitated discussion following each presentation, an individual activity, small table discussions and a larger group activity to identify CS&F priorities.
North Toronto Memorial Community Centre
200 Eglinton Avenue West
The meeting was held to provide an update on the project and to present the draft built form principles and draft urban structure that would inform the future built form vision for Midtown. The meeting included presentations and updates on the City's growth analysis, the Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment and draft character areas and built form principles. Small table discussions and plenary discussions followed the presentations.
The purpose of the meeting was to provide an overview of the Yonge-Eglinton Growth, Built Form, and Infrastructure Review, share the initial findings from the built form and cultural heritage consulting teams, and to discuss the Midtown Planning Group's priorities related to character areas, built form, and cultural heritage in the area. The meeting included presentations, facilitated table discussions and a larger plenary discussion.
The first Midtown Planning Group meeting was held to discuss the proposed changes to the Yonge-Eglinton Secondary Plan (Official Plan Amendment 289) to help implement the Midtown in Focus Parks, Open Space, and Streetscape Master Plan, completed in 2014. The meeting was also an opportunity to discuss potential planning priorities for the Yonge-Eglinton area in 2015. City staff gave presentations that provided an overview of the Midtown in Focus Parks, Open Space and Streetscape Plan and summarized proposed changes to the Secondary Plan to implement the Plan. Staff also outlined the proposed planning priorities for 2015. Questions of clarification, group discussions, and a plenary discussion followed the presentations.
Public Meetings – Midtown in Focus
Planners in Public Spaces – Midtown in Focus
Online Engagement – Midtown in Focus
Additional Engagement – Midtown in Focus
Design Review Panel – Midtown in Focus


The Brown Mountain Lights are a series of ghost lights reported near Brown Mountain in North Carolina. The lights can be seen from the Blue Ridge Parkway at mile posts 310 (Brown Mountain Light overlook) and 301 (Green Mountain overlook) and from the Brown Mountain Overlook on NC Highway 181 between Morganton, NC and Linville, NC. Additionally, good sightings of the Lights have been reported from the top of Table Rock, outside of Morganton, NC. One of the best vantage points, Wiseman's View, is about 4 miles from Linville Falls, NC. There is also a Brown Mountain Overlook on North Carolina Highway 181 that was recently improved with help from the city of Morganton for the purpose of attracting those who visit the area to see the lights. The best time of year to see them is reportedly September through early November.
One early account of the lights dates from September 24, 1913, as reported in the Charlotte Daily Observer. A fisherman claimed to have seen "mysterious lights seen just above the horizon every night," red in color, with a pronounced circular shape. Soon after this account, a United States Geological Survey employee, D.B. Stewart, studied the area in question and determined the witnesses had mistaken train lights for something more mysterious.
A ghost light in North Carolina has people scratching their heads. What's the explanation?
The Brown Mountain Lights: Solved!
Have the Brown Mountain Lights finally flickered out?


text:
Q: How can I access web api though my Wi-Fi? I am building a .net 7.0 core minimal web api in VS2022 and would like to be able to access the swagger index.html page outside localhost, for example from my iPhone over my home network.
I have tried adding my home ip address to the urls in launch settings.json to no avail and worked through various links such as configuring kestrel endpoints, Rick Strahl's post on exterior kestrel endpoints, but still not able to connect outside local host!
I have tried running the application in both iis express and https debug settings.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Both Tamimi and her mother were sentenced to eight months in an Israeli military court.
PALESTINIAN TEENAGER AHED Tamimi has been released from prison after an eight-month sentence for slapping two Israeli soldiers, an episode captured on video that made her a symbol of resistance for Palestinians.
Tamimi, 17, and her mother Nariman were driven from the Sharon prison inside Israel to a checkpoint leading to the occupied West Bank, where they live, prison spokesman Assaf Librati said.
They were then handed over to Israeli soldiers, he said, who brought them to their village of Nabi Saleh.
After being released by the soldiers, Tamimi made brief comments to crowds and journalists gathered, saying she hoped everyone would come to a news conference later in the day.
Her father Bassem put his arms around the two of them as they walked together along the road, the crowd chanting "we want to live in freedom".
Family members and supporters had also gathered at the checkpoint to greet them, but the military vehicles driving them did not stop there and continued into the West Bank.
Israeli authorities appeared keen to avoid media coverage as much as possible, and conflicting information had meant supporters and journalists scrambled to arrive on time at the correct location.
Tamimi and her mother were first expected to arrive at a checkpoint near the Palestinian city of Tulkarm in the West Bank, but the location was changed three times before it was finally announced they were being taken to a crossing at Rantis, about an hour's drive away.
There had been slight tension at the checkpoint before Tamimi's arrival as a few men with Israeli flags approached supporters holding a Palestinian flags. Words were exchanged but there was no violence.
In a sign of the sensitivity of the case, yesterday Israeli authorities arrested two Italians and a Palestinian for painting Tamimi's now-familiar image on the Israeli separation wall cutting off the West Bank.
Both Tamimi and her mother were sentenced to eight months in an Israeli military court following a plea deal over the December incident, which the family said took place in their yard in Nabi Saleh.
Video of it went viral, leading Palestinians to view her as a hero standing up to Israel's occupation.
Palestinian president Mahmud Abbas has praised her and social media has been flooded with support.
But for Israelis, Tamimi is being used by her activist family as a pawn in staged provocations.
They point to a series of previous such incidents involving her, with older pictures of her confronting soldiers widely shared online.
Many Israelis also praised the restraint of the soldiers, who remained calm throughout, though others said her actions merited a tougher response.
Tamimi was arrested in the early hours of 19 December, four days after the incident. She was 16 at the time.
Her mother Nariman was also arrested, as was her cousin Nour, who was freed in March.
Israel's military said the soldiers were in the area on the day of the incident to prevent Palestinians from throwing stones at Israeli motorists.
The video shows the cousins approaching two soldiers and telling them to leave before shoving, kicking and slapping them.
Ahed Tamimi is the most aggressive of the two in the video.
The heavily armed soldiers do not respond in the face of what appears to be an attempt to provoke rather than seriously harm them.
They then move backwards after Nariman Tamimi becomes involved.
The scuffle took place amid clashes and protests against US President Donald Trump's controversial recognition of Jerusalem as Israel's capital.
Relatives say that a member of the Tamimi family was wounded in the head by a rubber bullet fired during those protests.
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Australian Social Golf Club Championships golfers celebrate at the 2010 event.
Social Golf Australia (SGA) has announced more additions to the Australian Social Golf Club Championships (ASGCC) to continue the tournament's growth as one of the most exciting and enjoyable events for Australian amateur golfers. Played on the Gold Coast from August 21-24, the event attracts golfers from around the country who enjoy their golf and the experience of playing in a professional tournament atmosphere.
The event, which is supported by Golf Australia as an official National Championship, was founded by Palm Meadows in 2005 and is now in its seventh year. All golfers are welcome to play in the event, however only players with current official handicaps can compete for the great prizes and titles on offer. Matthew Pitt from Social Golf Australia says their goal is to deliver the best possible value and experience for those playing in the tournament.
"Our golfers want to enjoy a holiday on the Gold Coast with their mates and partners and combine that with playing in a tournament on super golf courses and meeting new people from golf clubs around Australia. At the same time, they want to compete in an event that is their own national championship and in a format that gives everybody entered an equal chance to take home the title. Our job is to supply our golfers with a fun event that also has the credibility of an official national championship." said Pitt.
Since its inception, the ASGCC has been sponsored by the Radisson Resort Gold Coast and offered event participants the opportunity to access discount rates on accommodation and meals for the duration of the tournament. In 2010, the event introduced a fun four-ball ambrose event on the first day and over $300 of discount green fee vouchers for use at partner courses on the Gold Coast before and after the event.
In 2011, the tournament will start and finish at the foundation course, Palm Meadows, with the middle rounds played at the superb Lakelands Golf Club and Robina Woods. There will also be an increase in the prize pool in 2011 to over $12,000 of prizes, trophies and giveaways with Drummond Golf joining as a sponsor and partner. Drummond Golf will supply in-store vouchers as prizes that can be redeemed in any Drummond Golf store around Australia. According to Pitt, the sponsorship adds great value for golfers at the event.
Entry forms will be available in Drummond Stores around Australia from April. For more information and a PDF version of the entry forms, go to the Social Golf Australia website at www.socialgolfcc.com.au and follow the link to the ASGCC website or contact SGA directly on (03) 5433 3213. Inside Golf is proud to support the ASGCC and we will provide event coverage and results in 2011.


text:
Shut Your Mouth may refer to:

 Shut Your Mouth (album), a 2000 album by Frenzal Rhomb
 "Shut Your Mouth" (Garbage song), 2001
 "Shut Your Mouth", a 2002 song by Pain
 "Shut Your Mouth", a song by Made in London
 "Shut Your Mouth", a song by Motörhead from the 2002 album Hammered
 Shut Yo' Mouth!, a 1981 album by jazz bassist Slam Stewart

See also
Shut Your Mouth and Open Your Eyes, a 1998 album by AFI
Shut up
World Shut Your Mouth (disambiguation)
WWE SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth, a 2002 professional wrestling video game

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
What to do in Thailand, and Things To Do Around Phuket Three Days
Many travellers are searching for Things To Do Around Phuket Three Days, Phuket Thailand is quite a large province, a very popular part of the country for vacationers. It's definitely a way for you to immerse yourself in the culture of the country and get to know the customs and traditions of the locals. You can imagine all the markets you can visit for shopping and all the beach adventures you can enjoy. You can find Things To Do Around Phuket Three Days travel information.
Looking for Things To Do Around Phuket Three Days. sai tai bus terminal Krabi River Hotel Phuket Boat Quay Boutique Guest House suwannabhumi airport Platinum Hotel Phoomjai House
Things To Do Around Phuket Three Days, First, have you been familiar with where Phuket is located in Thailand? It's southern Thailand, about the west coast. Will you plan on visiting any other parts of Thailand while you're there? You'll need to know where those locations have been in proximity to Phuket and exactly how you intend on getting around. Now, let's take a good look at those ideas you should do while you're there.
First, you are going to be privy to no less than 140 gift shops and specialty shops, including RK Fashions and Tailors and InStyle Fashion. Imagine having clothes tailored and fit to form, and think of all of the unique souvenirs you can find while you're there. That is quite a few shops available, but you will want to remember again that Phuket can be a rather large and popular province. Still, you can't go far without running into something fun to do.
After you're done shopping, it's time and energy to go to some attractions. We'll talk specific beaches here in just a minute, however take into account the specific beach adventures you could have. By way of example, while vacationing in Phuket, you can go on different scuba and snorkeling adventures. A very common place is Simba Sea Trips, and then there is Super Divers, Aussie Divers Phuket and a lot more. You can even continue on different boat tours, available from Two Sea Tour, Phuket Sail Tours and a lot more. Simba Sea Trips offers the two boat tours as well as the scuba diving and snorkeling adventures.
Wat Chalong is within Phuket Town, as well as the area looks beautiful. This building is actually a temple based on the reviews, and individuals describe gorgeous Thai architecture. One of many other attractions is nearby, too, a huge Buddha. A few of the reviews speak about firecrackers, which sounds cool when you're surrounded by beautiful scenery.
Speaking of beautiful scenery, you need to stop by Karon View Point, which is also evidently related to the Big Buddha. Reviewers describe the views as breathtaking, and this should help you realize you're likely to have ample photo ops while vacationing in Phuket Thailand. The viewpoint will give you an effective layout of the land, a vantage point when you will, and you may even begin to see the coastline.
Are you presently seeking to see some great animals? You have to start to see the animals of Thailand, right? It's gonna be diverse from simply visiting a zoo in the US. So, one cool place to get in Phuket if you're seeking to see some animals may be the Gibbon Rehabilitation Project. You'll see much more than animals there, too. The beautiful scenery continues using a waterfall and everything the national park offers its visitors.
These animals are rehabilitating with their natural habitat, and I'm sure it's awesome to discover a project such as that. You get to take a look to the wildlife which are in Thailand. It's time to think about those famous beaches you learn about that Thailand offers. Phuket Thailand has among the best beaches for sure. As an example, there exists Kata Noi Beach with its pristine and clear water.
That's the particular beach you want to visit while you're on a break, right? Well, there are numerous others too so understand that as you're planning your days in the beach. Evidently, this is probably the beaches in Phuket the location where the waves can get to be big in line with the reviews. People also mention jet skis, and whatever beach you visit, you certainly want to look into the activities available.
Nai Harn Beach can be another recommended beach stop when you're in Phuket. It's actually thought to be the ideal beach in Phuket as well as the top attraction or 'thing to do' also. You can anticipate exactly the same kind of beach often, and then there are vendors there. Lifeguards are stored on duty in accordance with the reviews, and swimming and body surfing is pretty popular there.
Straight back to the animals! Specifically dogs are the topic of the next attraction in Phuket. It's the Soi Dog Foundation, which is a rescue center which also features cats. Isn't it cool how 2 of the most notable attractions cope with rescuing animals? It's really neat that they have managed to make it a location that people would like to visit, and the reviews discuss the experience being heartwarming.
The Major Buddha was mentioned earlier, nevertheless the attraction hasn't been formally introduced. It's the Phuket Big Buddha, in fact it is quite large indeed. The monument consists of white marble. I for just one don't like visiting other attractions that cope with religion, but there are others that want to see the attraction, which is rather new by the way.
Whatever for you to do while vacationing in Phuket, there is certainly plenty to discover. There exists a nightlife there, and you can imagine there are going to be some really awesome restaurants serving up local cuisine and much more. In addition there are spas there. Are you able to imagine receiving the connection with per day spa in Thailand? It might be quite distinct from the types of health spa services made available from one in your house.
Another beach which is popular to see is Freedom Beach. Other attractions include Surf House, which appears like fun for the children, Naka Market, Monkey Hill and Tiger Kingdom. The list continues, and you are invited to pay some time vacationing in Phuket, Thailand. Things To Do Around Phuket Three Days
| Phuket Karon Beach What To Do | Things To Do In Phuket Shopping | What To Do Kata Beach Phuket | Things To Do In Phuket For Family | What To Do In Phuket Night Time |


A new report from the Department of Defense warns that without major changes in policy, the move to 5G will benefit China much more than the US.
AT&T's plan to "update" its network for 5G service by changing the logo it displays on your phone hasn't won the company much support from its customers. Now its competitors are joining the pile-on.
Apple has been forced to pull the iPhone 7 and 8 from sale in Germany following a court decision against it.


text:
Q: button sound stops after while i have created an app with many sound buttons and problem is that after a while they stop working and i have to reset the app. Is there any way to manage it?
public class TwoFragment extends Fragment{

SoundPool mySound1;
int ayyId;
SoundPool mySound2;
int eyyId;
SoundPool mySound3;
int keId;
SoundPool mySound4;
int kraId;
SoundPool mySound5;
int pandaId;
SoundPool mySound6;
int timeId;

@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
    mySound1 = new SoundPool(1, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);
    ayyId = mySound1.load(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), R.raw.ayy, 1);
    mySound2 = new SoundPool(1, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);
    eyyId = mySound2.load(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), R.raw.eyy, 1);
    mySound3 = new SoundPool(1, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);
    keId = mySound3.load(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), R.raw.kee, 1);
    mySound4 = new SoundPool(1, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);
    kraId = mySound4.load(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), R.raw.kraaa, 1);
    mySound5 = new SoundPool(1, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);
    pandaId = mySound5.load(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), R.raw.pandaa, 1);
    mySound6 = new SoundPool(1, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);
    timeId = mySound6.load(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), R.raw.time, 1);
        }
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_two,container,false);
    View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_two,container,false);
    Button des1 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.des1);
    Button des2 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.des2);
    Button des3 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.des3);
    Button des4 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.des4);
    Button des5 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.des5);
    Button des6 = (Button) view.findViewById(R.id.des6);
    des1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {mySound1.play(ayyId, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1);}
    });
    des2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {mySound2.play(eyyId, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1);}
    });
    des3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {mySound3.play(keId, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1);}
    });
    des4.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {mySound4.play(kraId, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1);}
    });
    des5.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {mySound5.play(pandaId, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1);}
    });
    des6.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {mySound6.play(timeId, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1);}
    });

    MobileAds.initialize(getActivity(), "ca-app-pub-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx~xxxxxxxx");
    AdView mAdView = (AdView) view.findViewById(R.id.adView);
    AdRequest adRequest = new AdRequest.Builder().build();
    mAdView.loadAd(adRequest);

    return view;

}
}

also I wanna ask how to stop button from playing when I click another one. thank you

A: I'd recommend using .release(). According to docs:

Release the SoundPool resources. Release all memory and native resources used by the SoundPool object. The SoundPool can no longer be used and the reference should be set to null.

Also you can keep the playing streamid in arraylist, then clear and play when play button is clicked.
    List<Integer> streams = new ArrayList<Integer>();
SoundPool pool = new SoundPool(10, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, 0);

public void onClick(View view) {
    int streamId = 0;
    stop_clear_stream();
    switch (view.getId()) {
        case R.id.button1:
            streamId = pool.play(soundid1, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1, 0, 1.0f);
            break;
        case R.id.button2:
            streamId = pool.play(soundid2, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1, 0, 1.0f);
            break;
        .
        .
        .
        .
        .

        streams.add(streamId);

    }
}

private void stop_clear_stream() {
    if (streams != null && streams.size() > 0)
        for (Integer stream : streams)
            pool.stop(stream);

    streams.clear();
}

I have not tested the above code though.


text:
Then & Now: Koch Efforts to Deregulate Wall Street
The Clark-Koch campaign called for abolishing the SEC and fully deregulating the stock market.
Clark-Koch: "Recent SEC Moves Against Investment Newsletters And 'Signaling' Present A Clear Threat To Free Speech. We Propose To Abolish The SEC And Deregulate The Securities Markets." In a white paper, Clark wrote, "Recent SEC moves against investment newsletters and 'signaling' present a clear threat to free speech. We propose to abolish the SEC and deregulate the securities markets." [Clark For President White Paper On Taxing And Spending Reduction, 1980]
Koch-Founded groups opposed Dodd-Frank.
AFP Opposed The 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform And Consumer Protection Act. According to Americans for Prosperity's congressional scorecard for the 111th Congress, AFP backed a "No" vote on 2010 Senate vote 206, which was on ending debate on the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act conference report. [AFP Scorecard for the 111th Congress,1/10/11; Senate Vote 206, 7/15/10]
AFP Opposed The Senate Version Of The 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act. According to Americans for Prosperity's congressional scorecard for the 111th Congress, AFP's position on 2010 Senate vote 160, described as being on "invok[ing] cloture on S. Amdt. No. 3739: Dodd-Frank financial reform bill," was "No." [AFP Scorecard for the 111th Congress, 1/10/11]
AFP Identified 9 Votes Against Wall Street Reform Or Regulation Legislation As Key Votes. Americans for Prosperity's online scorecards of key votes in the 110th, 111th, 112th and 113th Congresses included 8 votes on financial industry regulation or reform legislation. All but one of those votes concerned passage, repeal or delay of the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or selected provisions of it. Those votes were 2012 House vote 151, 2012 Senate vote 98, 2011 House vote 277, 2011 Senate vote 86, 2011 Senate vote 77, 2010 House vote 413, 2010 Senate vote 160, 2009 House vote 968 and 2007 Senate vote 139. [AFP Scorecards for the 110th, 111th, 112th and 113th Congresses, Viewed 4/16/14]
AFP Scored Vote On DeMint Amendment To Repeal Dodd-Frank In Congressional Ratings. According to Americans for Prosperity, On behalf of more than 1.7 million Americans for Prosperity activists in all 50 states, I write to advise you of three pending key votes on amendments in the U.S. Senate. AFP will rate the following amendment votes in our congressional ratings. […] Key Vote #3: DeMint Amendment to Repeal the Dodd-Frank Financial Regulatory Bill. The impetus behind the Dodd-Frank bill was purportedly to end "too big to fail." However, the bill does no such thing; it actually gives regulators the power to bailout firms with so-called systemic risk. The bill also created the ill-named Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, now being stood up by Financial Czar Elizabeth Warren. The creation of another unelected and unaccountable czar with power over consumer finance is reason enough to repeal the bill. Repeal would also eliminate the Durbin Amendment, which establishes price controls on debit card interchange fees." [Americans for Prosperity, 6/14/11]
AFP: Dodd-Frank Is An "Inquisition Against Banking." According to a legislative alert Americans for Prosperity, "The banking sector in the United States took a major hit in 2008. Initially this was due to the economic losses suffered by the financial crash. However, with the inquisition against banking imposed by the Dodd-Frank law, the creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and the mortgage settlement, it's clear that banking in the United States faces a scary future of regulation and high costs with the government second-guessing every decision. This won't just impact the banks, but it will turn around and ultimately hit consumers worst of all. Imposing costs on banks, like making them pay for damages based on past financial practices, ultimately get borne by the consumer if they mount up quickly enough." [Americans for Prosperity Legislative Alert,8/23/12]


Ninita is the only known deaf pygmy marmoset in the world, but that doesn't stop her from making friends and chasing her next adventure! Abandoned by her parents and rescued by the RSCF, this tiny, curious monkey loves exploring her habitat. And when she meets Mr. Big—another pygmy marmoset—she has finally found a friend who likes to eat, climb, and play as much as she does. A YouTube celebrity, Ninita's videos have been viewed nearly 2 million times!


text:
Game of Thrones director to shoot film on early Chinese immigrants in Gold Rush
0 Comment(s) Print E-mail Xinhua, June 19, 2019
SHANGHAI, June 19 (Xinhua) -- Alan Taylor, director of "Game of Thrones," announced Tuesday at the ongoing Shanghai International Film Festival that his new film "Gold Mountain" would dig into American history and depict a piece of the story of early Chinese immigrants moving to America during the late 1850s Gold Rush.
The new film is part of a gigantic film incubation project with Starlight Culture, a Hong Kong-listed Chinese film company. The film shooting is scheduled to start and finish in 2020.
"History is my real interest," Taylor told Xinhua, explaining how he found this "Chinese story." His wife is a Chinese-American and has always wanted to tell the story of the early Chinese immigrants' integration into the United States.
The film "Gold Mountain" will tell the story of a shrewd widow who helped smuggle an unruly Chinese girl into the U.S. to enter into a fiercely violent world dominated by male chauvinism. Facing their life battle together, the two women finally establish a profound relationship.
"You will be surprised when you open the history books of the United States. The history of those early Chinese immigrants in the Gold Rush who helped build the Pacific Railway is almost completely wiped out," said Taylor. "But even for me, the subject is too heavy to handle. It was not until I found these two women, so subtle and so real, that I convinced myself to do this movie."
He said the film is both "very American" and "very Chinese." It depicts the typical American West, with early Chinese immigrants as the leading characters. In addition, Chinese Malaysian Hollywood movie star Michelle Yeoh will join this film as co-producer.
"History is grand. But fundamentally my film is only about human nature. It is not painful nor agonizing, but very uplifting when you see how people turn from 'tough' to 'soft' and make deep connections with their souls and hearts," he said.
As a television and film director, Taylor is known for work in TV shows such as "Game of Thrones." He has also directed films including "Thor: The Dark World" and "Terminator: Genisys."
Starlight also announced Tuesday in Shanghai a package of Sino-U.S. film incubation plans, which includes Roland Emmerich's "Rebirth," "Empress Wu" of Robert Zemeckis, "Bad Boys" of Sylvester Stallone.
Starlight has developed its business in Hollywood in recent years. It has signed up with Hollywood directors including Roland Emmerich, Alan Taylor, Robert Zemeckis, Gary Gary and Jonathan Liebesman, according to Peter Luo, CEO of Starlight.
Lately, the company has jointly invested in and produced Hollywood mainstream productions such as "Crazy Rich Asians." Enditem


Our business is built around industry expertise that allows us to deliver an unrivalled depth of knowledge and insight into asset reviews, risk identification, process assessments and due diligence on loan portfolios and businesses in the financial services sector.
Steve is a former Commercial Director, MD and Chairman of several companies in the financial services market and is well known in the sector. His experience built up over 40 years of leading boards and senior teams brings an added dimension to the Rockstead team. He serves as a NED on several other companies' boards.
Brian is a co-founder of Rockstead and brings extensive experience managing companies at director level. Brian is well known in the mortgage sector, having experience from building societies in the 1980's through to specialist lenders in the 90's and 00's. He has built several successful management teams in the financial services sector over the past 40 years, including internationally.
Richard is a co-founder of Rockstead and has vast experience of running Credit, Risk and Compliance areas across Europe for a number of retail and investment banks, where he has held senior positions over the past 35 years. He is responsible for client services within Rockstead, utilising his technical and market knowledge to ensure our proposition keeps up to date with market trends.
Nick brings over 40 years' experience in mortgages to the board, having previously been AGM at a building society. A qualified marketeer, he has his own consultancy business specialising in sales, marketing, compliance and training and is active in many regulatory compliance areas. He often acts as an independent expert witness and is also a NED for a building society.
Mark is a chartered accountant with over 30 years' experience in structured and asset backed investment finance. He has worked for a number of lenders, both within investment banks and specialist lenders. He has acted as a Chairman of both a leasing/finance company and an emerging technology business.
Jamie is a qualified marketing expert and his experience includes working with numerous financial services companies to develop branding and distribution strategies. That has included several banks and specialist mortgage lenders and he has been closely involved in building social media platforms and the design of websites.


They'll enjoy the fresh air with outdoor promotional products!
Printed outdoors gear can catch your customers' attention, whether you are handing out embroidered beach towels or handy logo umbrellas! Low-cost imprinted sunglasses are practical giveaways at any company picnic or outing, while branded BBQ tools are always welcome. When you need a great executive gift or a special golf event giveaway, be ready with printed brand-name golf balls from Titleist, Callaway, Pinnacle, TaylorMade, Wilson, Bridgestone and Volvik! Logo camping chairs are ideal gifts for campers, youth sports lovers and outdoors concert goers.


text:
Q: Running Start-Job from cmd.exe without having to wait with Wait-Job I was assuming that it is possible to start a process in PowerShell using Start-Job without having to wait for its completion. But apparently is not the case when I'm starting PowerShell from cmd.exe because I have to use the Wait-Job cmdlet.
So I have two files:
my-hook-runner.cmd
C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe C:\mydir\my-hook-ps.ps1

my-hook-ps.ps1
Start-Job -ScriptBlock { gci C:\mydir | Out-File C:\mydir\test.txt }

The script my-hook-ps.ps1 creates a job and it adds the test.txt file when I run it from PowerShell console. But when I run my-hook-runner.cmd or powershell.exe C:\mydir\my-hook-ps.ps1 in cmd.exe, the file text.txt is not added although the job is created.
It works when I pipe Start-Job into Wait-Job but this negates all the benefits of using these jobs because I have to wait for their completion.
Since the ps1 file is not executable on Windows, I have to start it from cmd.exe, and I want to spawn a detached process that lives on its own (because of this Running another program in Windows bat file and not create child process).
The behavior is similar or identical to the one described at https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/ie/en-US/a2c4741d-8c6b-4277-afcd-bbdc73ca8deb/startjob-works-from-powershell-but-not-from-cmd?forum=winserverpowershell.
I'd appreciate any comments, suggestions and also answers to the following questions:

*

*Why the PowerShell job works when I run it from PowerShell but does not work when I run it from cmd.exe? Is this about closing the job's PSSession when it hasn't yet finished running?

*Is it possible to start PowerShell jobs from cmd.exe without waiting for their completion?


Below are some of our personal favorite Disney websites. These are the Disney sites we find ourselves turning to when we are planning a trip or curious about something Disney-related, if we don't have the information here on our own site!
Small World Vacations has great information and online tours for Walt Disney World, Disneyland and Disney Cruise Line. This site is run by a travel agency that specializes in Disney vacations. We highly recommend and use Small World Vacations ourselves. Be sure to check out their blog for the latest Disney news and information, too!
Undercover Tourist YouTube Channel – Hundreds of videos in HD (1080p) for most shows & rides at Walt Disney World and Universal Orlando. It's a great way to preview an attraction to see if it might be scary for your kids (or you). It's also helpful if you're not sure if a ride is a "must-do" for you. This channel is operated by Undercover Tourist, a company we've been recommending for years as a great place to buy discounted tickets for Disney World, Universal and other Central Florida attractions.
The DIS discussion boards offer one of the best and busiest places to discuss anything Disney-related, especially Walt Disney World and Disney Cruise Line. You'll find a lot of Disney lovers here who have been to visit the Mouse many times and who can answer almost any question you can think up.
AllEarsNet (Deb's Unofficial Walt Disney World Information Guide) offers incredibly (almost overwhelmingly) comprehensive information to help you plan your Walt Disney World trip. If you want all the tiny details about almost anything to do with Disney World, this is the site for you.
MousePlanet offers lots of Disney gossip and insider information, particularly about Disneyland (California). There are new "top stories" almost daily. MousePad, the site's discussion board, is the busiest place to go if you want to talk about Disneyland or Disney's California Adventure.
Walt Disney World Entertainment Guide – Steve Soares' outstanding site is constantly updated with the latest info on all upcoming shows, special events and even street performers at Walt Disney World.
WDWorld.com – This outstanding unofficial WDW site, written in French and headquartered in Canada, offers very comprehensive coverage of the parks, hotels and restaurants.
Yesterland – Explore what Disneyland was like "back in the day"! Werner Weiss has collected photos, information and stories that will take you back to the early years, when Walt Disney was still making his dream come true.
Carolwood Pacific Historical Society – A wonderful organization dedicated to preserving the personal railroad legacy of Walt Disney. The Society operates Walt's Barn in Los Angeles' Griffith Park.


Bass Black 120Vac 60Hz Ac Power 10 X 6 In Aluminum Boat Breaker Switch Panel. Boat part number 1057364 is a NEW, out of the box, boat AC Power breaker switch panel from Bass, part number unavailable. Constructed of black textured aluminum with white lettering, this panel measures approximately 10" W x 6" H and requires approximate 5 deep cutout. Features Inverter triple breaker, Shore 2 triple breaker, and Generator triple breaker.
There are (4) 1/8 dia. Mounting holes with 9 1/2" x 5 1/2" apart center on center. Overall Dimensions: 10" W x 6" H. Holes with 9 1/2" x 5 1/2" apart center on center.
Shore 2: (3) 50 amp. Customers please note every computer shows colors differently. Instruction / installation manual not included. A Message from Great Lakes Skipper. We stand behind our products and maintain great relationships with our customers. The physical address you provide must be deliverable by ANY service of our choice. Don't live in the US or Canada? No need to feel left out. You may also reach us using the Ask a Question link at the top of the page. Feel free to send us a message any time! The item "Bass Black 120Vac 60Hz Ac Power 10 X 6 In Aluminum Boat Breaker Switch Panel" is in sale since Tuesday, April 14, 2015. This item is in the category "eBay Motors\Parts & Accessories\Boat Parts\Electrical & Lighting".


The Weipro MX-1021 300W Stainless Steel Heater has advantages over submersible glass heater that includes reliability and durability.
The Weipro MX-1021 300W Stainless Steel Heater has advantages over submersible glass heater that include reliability and durability. The external controller is more reliable and is not subject to the aquarium water conditions. The sensor is much more accurate and the Stainless Steel heater is virtually unbreakable. May rust in salt water.
MX-1021B with the Titanium heater version can be found here.
The controller has a large LED display.
It has a sensitive and reliable thermostat to maintain consistent temperature.
An auto electronic control switches the heater on and off as required.
Simple operation with easy adjustment design.
Quality materials make it durable and reliable.
Includes one stainless Steel 300W heater and you can attach a second heater to the double socket to boosts your heating capacity to 600W.
Ideal for Freshwater aquariums only.


Mortgage rates set record all time lows yet again this week on the back of more global fears about European debt default and general anxiety over the U.S. economy as a whole. While employment is an issue for many and economic data as a whole has been negative as of late, the levels that mortgage rates are currently at present a silver lining for homeowners and to be homeowners in the United States.
This week also marked the release of a report by the Federal Reserve about the 2010 Mortgage Market. Findings in this report can help shed light on some of the issues that borrowers might facing today.
According to the report, there would have been 2.3 million more refinances if not for stricter underwriting guidelines and borrower home equity issues. As borrowers have borrowed more against their homes and their home values have decreased, they are left with less equity, which may put them outside of newer refinance guidelines for home equity requirements.
The inability to refinance is especially a problem in states that were hardest hit by foreclosures, where home prices have declined the most, the report shows.
In Arizona, California, Florida, Michigan and Nevada, 6.4 percent of borrowers with credit scores between 680 and 719 were able to refinance in 2010. In other states, 9.7 percent of borrowers within the same score range refinanced.
The upcoming week has a a few relevant economic reports that may move mortgage rates. These include the August New Home Sales report, Consumer Confidence, Durable Goods Orders, Jobless Claims, GDP and more. We will be reporting with a full economic calendar on Monday.
This week presented a unique opportunity for homeowners on the sidelines that have not already taken advantage of record low mortgage rates. As with any window of opportunity, there may be a limited time in which you can get rates at their current low levels. We can help you understand which programs fit your needs the best and help you lock in some of the lowest mortgage rates in history.