text:
A California Original
Few companies have been as influential in the eyewear industry as Barton Perreira. One of the original California luxury brands with a global customer base, it is a fiercely (and proudly) independent company, especially in the days of globalization, and was founded and still helmed by Bill Barton and Patty Perreira. We were fortunate to sit down with co-founder Bill Barton in his Orange County headquarters and find out what makes this brand so unique.
What was the journey that led you to create Barton Perreira?
Bill Barton: Well, you can say that my career started around 1984 at the Optical Shop of Aspen, where I served as President of the company for a little over a decade, followed by a stint at Oliver People, also as President. I met Patty during my time at OSA, and we were friends for just about ten years, and eventually, this took us to 2006, where we dreamed out loud of what would become Barton Perreira. We shipped our first product in 2007, which quickly led to the recession of 2008, maybe not the best timing ever, but after making it through those tough couple of years, it gave us the confidence to forge ahead.
Your eyes lit up when I mentioned Patty. What makes her such a great partner?
BB: If I were to use a cliché, I would say that she is the Ying to my Yang. While I oversee our business operation, from planning, production, manufacturing, and distribution, she has complete control over the creative process. Her vision is what leads this company in so many ways. She has a spirit of adventure that is unmatched. It's not always a given that business partners care for one another, but we honestly do! Ultimately, there is absolute trust between the two of us, and this trust enables this company to create great products.
What do you say to people who say that eyewear is somewhat disposable and that it shouldn't be so highly priced?
BB: Ultimately, it is relatively simple. We are a luxury brand, and we make no bones about it. Our commitment to creating the best eyewear in the industry is absolute, which means that there are no shortcuts when it comes to our products. All our frames are manufactured in Japan, and our process is unmatched, which allows us to deliver to our customers' expectations every time.
How can you compete with the Warby Parkers of this world, or do you?
BB: We are two different models. We don't see this as competition. However, we are aware of what this trend has created, and while we don't diminish the impact it has had, and continue to have, on the industry, our business model and products are different, and so are our customers. Over the years, as our reputation has grown, we have built a robust network of partnerships with brands such as Barneys New York, and Neiman Marcus, amongst others, which we are very committed to, and have been able to tap into their audience, who in return have stayed faithful to our brand.
What is your take on the whole "influencers" angle, and the reach of social media?
BB: I am not sure how influencers truly convince people to buy our products, but we know that those associated with Barton Perreira are genuinely fans of the brand. We have been very fortunate to have a handful of celebrities wearing our eyewear, which has proven to be very successful over the years. Social media has also shown to be a useful channel to promote the brand, let's face it, we are visual people, and because of the immediacy of the response, we've been able to build quite a loyal fan following over the years.
Who is the luxury consumer of today?
BB: He or she is not unlike any other luxury brand consumers, whether it is Louis Vuitton, Dior, or any other, this particular consumer knows precisely what he wants, and will not expect anything less. We approach our customers with this exact philosophy. We know that we have a unique brand, with all it implies. We are very discerning in the way we offer our products, which is to say that we have learned to say "no" to anything that would make Barton Perreira less than what it should be.
What keeps you motivated to keep the brand fresh continually?
BB: That's an easy one. If you'd meet Patty, you'd be amazed at how her brain works. She is always challenging herself, and her staff to come up with new designs, colors, concepts, and new ways to keep our brand relevant, and at the cutting edge of the industry. She is inspired by everything she sees, and her unique eye leads her to create products that we believe have no equal in the industry. From an operation standpoint, we simply don't cut corners. We are committed to a disciplined approach to growth, which has allowed us to continue to expand our reach while staying true to who we are. How vital is Southern California to Barton Perreira?
BB: As Southern California goes, so does this company. When people think of sunnies, as an example, they think of California. The lifestyle that we are fortunate to have, functions as a de-facto laboratory for what is to come next. People all over the states, as well as abroad, are continually inspired by what we design for them, and it also brings a certain level of aspiration that we do not underestimate.
What is next for Barton Perreira?
BB: More of the same! (laugh) We want to continue to grow at a pace that we can manage, stay true to our core mission, and continue to collaborate with our employees, whom have become our family.
Words by Yves Le Sieur
People / Uncategorized


text:
WATCH: Biden to Anti-Trump House Dems: 'It is Over'
Nick Kangadis | January 6, 2017
Three simple words: "It is over."
Those were the words spoken by outgoing Vice President Joe Biden to House Democrats who were objecting to President-elect Donald Trump's Electoral College win during a joint session of Congress on Friday.
Biden had to repeatedly gavel down several House Dems on the floor, because as Biden said, "The objection cannot be entertained."
Biden was correct as an objection during a joint session of Congress can't be observed without the signature of a senator.
The Washington Examiner reported:
House members from Florida, Georgia and several other states rose to object but without the sign off from one of their home state senators, Biden rules the protests out of order.
Toward the end of the process, Rep. Maxine Waters, D-Calif., stood and asked if any senator would stand with House members, but none did.
The other members of the House that objected to Trump being confirmed as president through the Electoral College were Reps. Raul Grijalva, D-Ariz., Barbara Lee, D-Calif. and Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas.
For video of the Biden shutting down House Dems, watch below:
Rep. Sheila Jackson-Lee
Rep. Raul Grijalva
Joint Session of Congress
House Speaker Paul Ryan
Barbara Lee

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The College of Health Professions (CHP) invites applicants for a tenure-track/tenured faculty position at the associate or full professor level in health services research. The successful candidate will have the opportunity to lead health services research, implementation science, comparative effectiveness trials, and/or translational research with an emphasis on rehabilitation science. Applicants with expertise in cutting-edge research methodologies to explore optimal strategies for best practices, healthcare systems, and services are encouraged to apply. Candidates must have an established track-record in funded research, work collaboratively with interdisciplinary teams, and be competitive for center-level research grants. Competitive applicants will be those with a doctoral degree, strong theoretical training, quantitative and/or qualitative research skills, and excellent oral and written communication skills. We are looking for an inspired individual who will shape the next generation of innovation in health services research in rehabilitation.
The successful applicant will provide leadership to a critical mass of faculty currently working in clinical, pragmatic, and translational rehabilitation research. The vision for new faculty in health services research within CHP includes building of new collaborative relationships within, between, and extending on the three major research initiatives in the college: 1) neurorehabilitation, 2) longitudinal epidemiologic investigation of disability across the lifespan, and 3) general health services research methods using big data. The goal is to find an individual who will collaborate with and complement our established research teams. There is the potential for additional hires to foster further synergies between teams.
This faculty position offers a number of research opportunities. A particular area for future growth in research within MUSC includes pragmatic comparative effectiveness studies in rehabilitation best practices using telehealth and mHealth. MUSC was named one of the first national Telehealth Centers of Excellence with a Health Resources and Services Administration grant. This transformative health services researcher would join a cadre of experienced researchers and help extend rehabilitation research from bench to clinic to best practices in community settings.
We have consistently been among the top NIH funded colleges of health professions in national rankings over the past 5 years, ranked as high as #2 based on annual NIH research funding. CHP houses two NIH funded research centers, several R01s from NIH, as well as individual grants from the Department of Defense, Administration for Community Living, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), and the Veterans Administration (VA). The college has over 65 faculty, including over 30 who are research funded. There are also research associate faculty and post-doctoral scholars, as well as a PhD program in Health and Rehabilitation Science with a strong health services track.
Current areas of strength in rehabilitation research within CHP include: neurorehabilitation research supported via two National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded centers – Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and National Center of Neuromodulation for Rehabilitation; clinical/educational/research expertise in Stroke, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI); outcomes measurement, epidemiology, and rehabilitation outcomes related to aging and longevity in SCI and other neurodegenerative diseases; and host site for the NIH funded Training in Grantsmanship in Rehabilitation Research (TIGRR) annual grant writing workshop. There are strong rehabilitation research collaborations with the Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center (including shared laboratory space) and applicants interested in a joint VA research appointment are strongly encouraged to apply (need not be a current VA investigator).
Current areas of strength in health services research within CHP are: 1) Use of electronic and archival data in HSR; 2) Program Evaluation; 3) Cost, value and cost effectiveness studies; and 4) Design and analytic support for pragmatic/implementation trials. Faculty research includes quality improvement, comparative effectiveness, telehealth, access to care, health manpower issues, and assessment of patient outcomes and economics of interventions in HIV infection, stroke, hearing loss, opioid-use disorder, rehabilitation, and guideline adherence. Supported through the institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award, the MUSC Comparative Effectiveness Data Analytics Research Resource (CEDAR) is the custodian of the University's five terabytes of archival research data (Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Medicare, Medicaid and MarketScan® data). It is located within CHP, wherein faculty provide consulting and analytical services to the University.
Payscale Salary Range: Commensurate with experience.


information provided regarding my status as either a United States citizen or a qualified alien under the federal Immigration and Nationality Act and any related application for public benefits are true, complete, and accurate... offices anyway to allow us to assist you with the application process. For any question or other enquiry on Italian citizenship applications please write to info.sydney@esteri.it quoting CITIZENSHIP ENQUIRY in the subject of the email.
USCIS FORMS N-400 EBOOK DOWNLOAD Pdf Info.
In most cases, you must apply for a visa through an Australian embassy or consulate before travelling to the country. A visa is a travel document stamped on your passport that entitles you to enter, leave or stay in Australia for a specific purpose and period of time.
Complete the citizenship application and include a copy of your current green card, any required photos and any application fee(s). The USCIS is a slow agency and applying for citizenship will likely leave you waiting for months before they will schedule an appointment to get you fingerprinted and schedule an interview.


The Southern African Regional Science Initiative - SAFARI 2000 - was an international science initative aimed at developing a better understanding of the southern African earth-atmosphere-human system. The goal of SAFARI 2000 was to identify and understand the relationships between physical, chemical, biological and anthropogenic processes that underlie the biogeophysical and geogeochemical systems of southern Africa. Particular emphasis was placed upon biogenic, pyrogenic and anthropogenic emissions, including: characterization and quantification, transport and transformation in the atmosphere, influence on regional climate and meteorology, eventual deposition, and the effects of deposition on ecosystems.
This data set contains 240 files in HDF-EOS format of MISR Level 2 Top-of-Atmosphere/Cloud and Aerosol/Surface Products from the Dry Season, 2000. The area of study includes Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe in Southern Africa.
MISR (Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer) on board the TERRA (EOS AM-1) satellite views the sunlit Earth simultaneously at nine widely-spaced angles providing radiometrically and geometrically calibrated images in four spectral bands at each of the angles. These images are carefully calibrated to provide accurate measures of the brightness, contrast, and color of reflected sunlight. MISR acquires systematic multi-angle imagery for global monitoring of top-of-atmosphere and surface albedos and to measure the shortwave radiative properties of aerosols, clouds, and surface scenes in order to characterize their impact on the Earth's climate. The change in reflection at different view angles affords the means to distinguish different types of atmospheric particles (aerosols), cloud forms, and land surface covers. Combined with stereoscopic techniques, this enables construction of 3-dimensional models and more accurate estimates of the total amount of sunlight reflected by Earth's diverse environments.
The MISR Level 2 Products are geophysical measurements derived from the Level 1B2 data which consists of parameters that have been geometrically corrected and projected to a standard map grid . The products are in swaths, each derived from a single MISR orbit, where the imagery is 360 km wide and approximately 20,000 km long.
The Top-of-Atmosphere (TOA)/Cloud Products contain measurements of TOA bidirectional reflectance factors, stereoscopically-derived cloud and land (reflecting level) elevation, cloud fraction, cloud texture, and other related parameters.
The Level 2 Aerosol/Surface Product includes a range of parameters such as tropospheric aerosol optical depth; aerosol composition and size; surface directional reflectance factors and bi-hemispherical reflectance; and other related parameters.
The MISR Level 2 data provided in this data set cover the dry season of August 12 through September 28, 2000.
The MISR Path Numbers for these dates for the southern portion of Africa are 166 through 181 and applicable Block Numbers are103 through 118.
This encompasses an area bounded by latitudes 15° to 35° South and longitudes 9° to 31.5° East.
There are 240 product files in HDF-EOS format. That is 48 files for each of the five data types listed below. Each .hdf file has an associated metadata file (*.met).
The Aerosol data contains aerosol optical depth, aerosol compositional model, ancillary meteorological data, and related parameters on a 17.6 km grid.
The Land Surface data includes bihemispherical and directional-hemispherical reflectance (albedo), hemispherical directional and bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF), BRF model parameters, leaf-area index (LAI) and fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR), and normalized difference vegetation index on a 1.1 km grid.
The Top of Atmospheric/Cloud Stereo data parameters include a stereoscopically-derived cloud mask and cloud height on a 1.1 km grid, and reflecting level reference altitude on a 2.2 km grid. Cloud motion parameters are calculated on a 70.4 km grid.
The TOA/Cloud Albedo data contain local albedo values.
The TOA/Cloud Classifiers contain altitude-binned cloud classifications and angular cloud fractions.
More information about MISR and the Level 2 products can be found at the MISR Home Page at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL): http://www-misr.jpl.nasa.gov/. Additional MISR data products and documentation are available from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center: http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/PRODOCS/misr/table_misr.html.
Diner, D.J. 2008. SAFARI 2000 MISR Level 2 Data, Southern Africa, Dry Season 2000. Data set. Available on-line [http://daac.ornl.gov/] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. doi:10.3334/ORNLDAAC/885.
There are 240 product files in HDF-EOS format. That is 48 files for each of the five data types. Each *.hdf file has an associated metadata file (*.met).
Each .hdf file and corresponding .met file are zipped together (*.zip) for ordering convenience and a slight reduction in file size.
.byyy-yyy = Block Number, "from - to"
.zzzzzzzzz = Characters assigned by source data center during data subsetting.
VALUE = "MISR_EXEC_VERSION: MISR_REFORMATTER_1.3 MISR_EXEC_NAME:misr_reformatter.cc"
The MISR Level 2 Products are stored in Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS). HDF-EOS is a multi-object file format for sharing scientific data in multi-platform distributed environments. HDF-EOS files should only be accessed through the HDF-EOS library subroutine and function calls, which can be downloaded from the HDF-EOS web site [http://www.hdfeos.org/index.php]. All of the parameters are stored as Scientific Data Sets (SDS's) within the HDF file.
The Data Products Specification (DPS) contains detailed file format descriptions of all of the various MISR data products. The DPS contains information about units, valid ranges, flag value definitions and usage of metadata. Improvements to MISR algorithmic software occasionally result in changes to file formats. While these changes most often take the form of additions, there have been cases in which field names needed to be changed. The newer DPS revisions contain tables in the front of the document stating which product version numbers are covered. Please make sure to use the Revision which corresponds to the data product version. Additional information can be found at http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/PRODOCS/misr/Version/.
According to the MISR documentation, certain Level 2 products in the conventional HDF-EOS format may have some geolocational errors. Since we are providing Level-2 subsetted data in conventional HDF-EOS format, we are also providing the MISR quality information as a companion file (http://daac.ornl.gov/daacdata/safari2k/remote_sensing/MISR/comp/MISR_Quality_Summaries_Reformatted_Products.pdf). Additional information may be available on the MISR web site (http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/PRODOCS/misr/Quality_Summaries/Reformatted_Products.html).
Abdou, W. A., S. H. Pilorz, M. C. Helmlinger, et al. 2006. Sua Pan surface bidirectional reflectance: A case study to evaluate the effect of atmospheric correction on the surface products of the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) during SAFARI 2000. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING 44 (7): 1699-1706 Part 1.
Diner, D. J., B. H. Braswell, R. Davies, et al. 2005. The value of multiangle measurements for retrieving structurally and radiatively consistent properties of clouds, aerosols, and surfaces. REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 97 (4): 495-518.
Martonchik, J. V., D. J. Diner, R. Kahn, B. Gaitley, B. N. Holben. 2004. Comparison of MISR and AERONET aerosol optical depths over desert sites. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 31 (16): Art. No. L16102.


text:
Victòria Lluïsa de França (Versalles, 1733 - Trieste, 1799) fou una princesa francesa filla de Lluís XV. Es distingí per la seva pietat i la puresa dels seus costums, que contrastaven amb la corrupció de la cort on vivia, i mostrà el més tendre afecte pel seu pare, al que cuidà en la seva última malaltia (1774). Durant el regnat de Lluís XVI va viure amb la seva germana Adelaida a Bellevue; ambdues emigraren el 1791 i habitaren successivament al Piemont, Roma, Nàpols, fugint dels exèrcits francesos, fins que, per fi, el 1798 es refugiaren a Trieste, on moriren pocs mesos després una de l'altra. Lluís XVIII feu traslladar les seves restes al Panteó de Sant Lluís.

Bibliografia
 Enciclopèdia Espasa, Volum núm. 68, pàg. 622,

Persones de Versalles
Prínceps de França
Dinastia borbònica
Morts a Trieste
Morts de càncer de mama
Morts de càncer a Itàlia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


MÖLLHAUSEN, HEINRICH BALDUIN (1825–1905). Heinrich Balduin Möllhausen, artist, diarist, and writer of Western tales for German audiences, the son of Heinrich and Elisabeth Möllhausen, was born near Bonn, Prussia, on January 27, 1825. His middle name is misspelled in the American version of his diary. His father was a Prussian military officer and civil engineer, and his mother was the Baronesse von Falkenstein. Three trips to the United States in the 1850s gave Möllhausen the material and experiences he used to produce illustrations, diaries, and fiction for nearly fifty years. His works made him enormously popular with Germans of all ages and classes, and he has become known as "the German Cooper."
After arriving in the United States in 1849 and working in the Midwest, in 1851 Möllhausen traveled through the Plains to Fort Laramie with Prince Paul of Württemberg. He returned to Germany in 1852 with a shipment of wild animals for the Berlin zoo and met Alexander von Humboldt. He soon became a favorite of the old explorer and, bearing a recommendation from Humboldt, returned to the United States, where he joined Lt. Amiel Weeks Whipple's Pacific Railroad survey of the Thirty-fifth parallel as "topographer or draughtsman." The party traveled from Fort Smith, Arkansas, to Pueblo de los Angeles in 1853–54. Möllhausen made several illustrations in the Texas Panhandle that appear in Whipple's report. Afterward in Germany his success with Humboldt continued, and he married Humboldt's secretary's daughter, Carolina Alexandra Seifert, on February 6, 1855. Möllhausen wrote about his trip with Whipple in Diary of a Journey from the Mississippi to the coasts of the Pacific with a United States Government Expedition (1858), which offers a diagram entitled "Geological Section of the Llano Estacado" and other illustrations of the Panhandle. The diary discusses his experiences on the Canadian River and the Llano Estacado of Texas. Humboldt honored Möllhausen with his preface to the two volumes. In 1857 Lt. Joseph Christmas Ives recalled him to America to join his party, which was "to ascertain the navigability of the Colorado [River] and investigate the area of the Grand Canyon." Möllhausen received from the secretary of war the appointment of "artist and collector in natural history." The illustrations in the Ives report are some of the first ever published of the Grand Canyon.
After the Ives expedition Möllhausen returned home for good, on September 1, 1858. From his sketchbooks of the expedition he made watercolor illustrations that he sent back to Washington for use in the report. He wrote a prodigious number of novels and serials based on his adventures in America. Möllhausen wanted to go beyond merely presenting a tale; he wanted to provide "more effective descriptions of nature and more plastic presentations of the customs and manners of peoples in the new world than were otherwise possible." Writing mostly from memory, he consulted Smithsonian Institution reports when his stories called for historical and scientific information. He also published a diary of his journey, theReisen in die Felsengebirge Nord-Amerikas bis zum Hoch-Plateau von Neu-Mexico (1860), which features some of the same scenes published in Ives's report. Möllhausen's fictional works about Texas include Der Meerkönig, 1867, and Das Hundertguldenblatt, 1870.
Möllhausen had two sons. He died in Berlin on May 28, 1905. In addition to the Whipple and Ives reports and his diaries published in German, English, Dutch, and Danish, his works can be seen in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington; the Oklahoma State Historical Society, Oklahoma City; the Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth; and the Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde, Berlin.
Preston Albert Barba, Balduin Möllhausen, the German Cooper (Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta, 1914). Baldwin Möllhausen, Diary of a Journey from the Mississippi to the Coasts of the Pacific with a United States Government Expedition, trans. Mrs. Percy Sinnett (2 vols., London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, 1858; rpt., New York and London: Johnson Reprint Corporation, 1969). Robert Taft, Artists and Illustrators of the Old West, 1850–1900 (New York: Scribner, 1953; rpt., Princeton University Press, 1982).


text:
The beautiful, tranquil mixed woodland, and the stunning panoramic views have always attracted many different visitors to Perry Wood. Geologically, the site is formed from two mounts of gravel and sand that rise spectacularly from the chalk downland that surrounds.The views stretch widely, from Sandwich, Wye Downs to the Isle of Sheppey and the Swale.
The woodland environment is a diverse mix of coppiced chestnut, native broadleaved woodland, conifer plantation and areas of heathland restoration; the site is important for a variety of wildlife.The site is not 'open access', but there is a good network of footpaths and bridleways and plenty of opportunity for quiet recreation. Please note that cycling and horse-riding are permitted in Perry Woods on the bridleways, there is no official area designated for mountain biking at this small rural site. Interesting features include 'The Pulpit', 'The Bandstand'(main carpark), where there is a picnic area and easy access trail; also Windmill Hill where there is evidence of an old earthwork, possibly Roman.The Rose & Crown public house provides a pleasant watering hole in the middle of the wood.
You can download a copy of the 'Discover Perry Wood Pocket Book' for a full introduction to the site. For a copy with full quality images please get in touch via the contact page.
Download OS Map #1
Download Map #2


text:
INSIGHT-Climate change turns up the heat on ad industry
(Reuters, 17 Dec 2020) Several U.S. states are suing key oil industry players for violating consumer protection laws with the help of 'greenwashing' ad campaigns.
The avuncular man in the TV ad has an urgent-sounding message from his employer, the oil giant Chevron Corp.
"I think renewable energy is vital to our planet," says the man, identified only as an environmental expert called Steve. "At Chevron we're investing millions in solar and biofuels technology to make it work." He adds that the energy can be made widely available and the work needs to begin "right now."
What Steve doesn't mention, according to three U.S. lawsuits alleging deceptive advertising, is that Chevron is overwhelmingly focused on fossil fuel extraction and its investment in renewables remains miniscule compared to the billions it spends each year on drilling for oil and gas.
Critics have long attacked the oil industry for ad campaigns that they call "greenwashing" - telling people that policies or products are more environmentally friendly than they really are. But the ad agencies behind the campaigns have largely escaped scrutiny.
Reuters, 17 Dec 2020: INSIGHT-Climate change turns up the heat on ad industry
30 Nov 2020: Shell in court over claims it hampered fossil fuels phase-out
[17 Dec 2020] Ella Kissi-Debrah's mother calls for Clean Air Act in wake of...
"ITRI engages in applied research and technical services"


text:
ericelliott/fp-lingo.md
Last active Jul 17, 2019
Code Revisions 15 Stars 72 Forks 9
A Guide to Functional Programming Lingo for JavaScripters
fp-lingo.md
Functional programming gets a bad wrap about being too hard for mere mortals to comprehend. This is nonsense. The concepts are actually quite simple to grasp.
The jargon is the hardest part. A lot of that vocabulary comes from a specialized field of mathematical study called category theory (with a liberal sprinkling of type theory and abstract algebra). This sounds a lot scarier than it is. You can do this!
All examples using ES6 syntax. wrap (foo) => bar means:
function wrap (foo) {
bar = [foo];
return bar;
In a nutshell, functions have types like f (a) -> b which means f is a function which takes type a and returns type b. Here's an example that should look familiar:
let wrap = (n) => [n];
This example takes a single value and wraps it with an array. Why is that useful? Because it turns out there are a ton of abstractions that can work on any type because they're really about dealing with lists rather than dealing with individual values. All such abstractions can be lifted such that they work on inputs of any type.
Lets get some really scary words out of the way, first
Polymorphism, homomorphism, monomorphism, what is a @@!$$ morphism?
Category theory has fancy words for everything. Everywhere you see "object" in category theory text, think "type" (I know, confusing for computer programmers, huh?) and every time you see "morphism" think "function".
pause for mind explosion
Yeah. That explains a lot, right?
As you should know if you read my book ("Programming JavaScript Applications", O'Reilly), a polymorphic function is a function that can take and/or return multiple types. There are two types of polymorphism you'll commonly encounter in JavaScript: ad-hoc polymorphism (avoid this one if you can), and parametric polymorphism.
What's the difference? With ad-hoc polymorphism, you tend to write code like this:
let add = (a,b) => {
if (typeof a === 'string' || typeof b === 'string') {
return Number(a) + Number(b);
} else if (typeof a === 'number' && typeof b === 'number') {
return a + b;
console.log(add('1', '2')); // 3
console.log(add(1, 2)); // 3
But that's a bit silly, isn't it? What if you could always count on the input types to do arithmatic addition with the + operator? One way to guarantee that is to make sure that all inputs support it. In this case, support for arithmatic addition is a requirement.
Writing a function to work for any input that supports a specific set of requirements is called lifting. Another way to think of lifting is that you abstract away the differences between the concrete implementations of a function.
Let's lift add():
Much simpler, right? But now we have a problem:
console.log(add('1', '2')); // 12
D'oh! Now what? Well, let's just make sure that everything we send in gets converted, first. Let's spin off that wrap function above:
let wrap = (n) => Number(n);
Now we can do this:
console.log(add(wrap('1'), wrap('2'))); // 3
console.log(add(wrap(1), wrap(2))); // 3
Whoah. What's this? add(wrap('1'), wrap('2'))
Pretty simple, actually. We're taking the returned results from wrap('1') and wrap('2') and passing them into add() as arguments. This is called function composition. You've probably done it before. Now you know what to call it.
The only trouble is, that code seems even worse than the ad-hoc version of add(). Unless there's a neat trick up my sleeve...
let args = ['1', '2'];
// Use Function.prototype.apply() to
// apply a function to an array of arguments.
add.apply(null, args.map(wrap));
So now the full source is:
let args1 = ['1', '2'];
let args2 = [1, 2];
console.log( add.apply(null, args1.map(wrap)) ); // 3
Ah, that's better, but if you're paying really close attention, maybe something is starting to click. This is still a little awkward, but there's a light at the end of the tunnel. Time to abandon this example and dig a little deeper.
What's a Functor?
A functor is a wrapper that can apply a given function to its contents & return a new instance containing the results. e.g. JS Arrays.
What's a Monad?
Simple answer: Monads are chainable operations made with composable functions.
Complicated answer: I'm going to shamelessly steal this from a Stackoverflow answer that is the clearest description of monads I have ever seen:
OK, explaining "what is a monad" is a bit like saying "what is a number?" We use numbers all the time. But imagine you met someone who didn't know anything about numbers. How the heck would you explain what numbers are? And how would you even begin to describe why that might be useful?
What is a monad? The short answer: It's a specific way of chaining operations together.
In essence, you're writing execution steps and linking them together with the "bind function". (In Haskell, it's named >>=.) You can write the calls to the bind operator yourself, or you can use syntax sugar which makes the compiler insert those function calls for you. But either way, each step is separated by a call to this bind function.
So the bind function is like a semicolon; it separates the steps in a process. The bind function's job is to take the output from the previous step, and feed it into the next step.
That doesn't sound too hard, right? But there is more than one kind of monad. Why? How?
Well, the bind function can just take the result from one step, and feed it to the next step. But if that's "all" the monad does... that actually isn't very useful. And that's important to understand: Every useful monad does something else in addition to just being a monad. Every useful monad has a "special power", which makes it unique.
(A monad that does nothing special is called the "identity monad". Rather like the identity function, this sounds like an utterly pointless thing, yet turns out not to be... But that's another story™.)
Basically, each monad has its own implementation of the bind function. And you can write a bind function such that it does hoopy things between execution steps. For example:
If each step returns a success/failure indicator, you can have bind execute the next step only if the previous one succeeded. In this way, a failing step aborts the whole sequence "automatically", without any conditional testing from you. (The Failure Monad.)
Extending this idea, you can implement "exceptions". (The Error Monad or Exception Monad.) Because you're defining them yourself rather than it being a language feature, you can define how they work. (E.g., maybe you want to ignore the first two exceptions and only abort when a third exception is thrown.)
You can make each step return multiple results, and have the bind function loop over them, feeding each one into the next step for you. In this way, you don't have to keep writing loops all over the place when dealing with multiple results. The bind function "automatically" does all that for you. (The List Monad.)
As well as passing a "result" from one step to another, you can have the bind function pass extra data around as well. This data now doesn't show up in your source code, but you can still access it from anywhere, without having to manually pass it to every function. (The Reader Monad.)
You can make it so that the "extra data" can be replaced. This allows you to simulate destructive updates, without actually doing destructive updates. (The State Monad and its cousin the Writer Monad.)
Because you're only simulating destructive updates, you can trivially do things that would be impossible with real destructive updates. For example, you can undo the last update, or revert to an older version.
You can make a monad where calculations can be paused, so you can pause your program, go in and tinker with internal state data, and then resume it.
You can implement "continuations" as a monad. This allows you to break people's minds!
All of this and more is possible with monads. Of course, all of this is also perfectly possible without monads too. It's just drastically easier using monads.
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/44965/what-is-a-monad#10245311
What does Reactive Mean?
What is Lazy Evaluation?
katychuang commented Jan 19, 2018 •
Thank you for writing this! 🙏
LayZeeDK commented Jan 24, 2018
Change let wrap = (n) => return [n]; to let wrap = (n) => [n];.
DawidLoubser commented Jan 29, 2018 •
Another vote for fixing the syntax error. You can change
let wrap = (n) => return [n];
const wrap = n => [n]
Note: It's idomatic in FP-style ECMAScript to use const for function definitions (and anything non-mutable, really - as all things should be ;-) and to omit semicolons. People also often drop the brackets around single-argument functions.
ryangreenberg commented Apr 23, 2018
Thanks for writing this guide—found it while looking for a plain explanation of lifting. (P.S. See http://grammarist.com/usage/bad-rap/ for bad wrap vs. bad rap)


text:
No ID, No Problem: State of Texas Announces Rules For Voter ID
| Politics |
Stephen Young | August 4, 2016 | 10:03am
Mechanically, voting at Texas polling places this November is going to be the same as it was during the Texas primary on March 1. The easiest way to exercise your right is going to be by bringing one of the seven forms of photo ID — a driver's license, state ID, concealed handgun permit, passport, U.S. citizenship certificate, military ID or special voter ID — that the state considers valid identification for electoral purposes.
Before the July 5th Circuit slapdown of a Texas' 2011-passed law, only those specific forms of ID would've been accepted. A couple of weeks ago though, the 5th Circuit has ruled against the law. The court declared the provisions of Texas' law made it especially difficult for poor people and minorities to vote and ordered the state to do something to level the playing field.
Quickly too, it said, so that voters will know what's going on.
On Wednesday the state released it's plan to cover those who are unable to come up with one of the required forms of ID. So here are the new rules that govern access to the booth.
No ID, No Problem: Texas Law Slapped Down by Appeals Court
FBI Undercover Officer Hunting Homegrown Terrorists Was at Cartoon Contest During Shooting
Department of Justice Drops Objections to Texas Voter ID Law
Anyone who shows up at the polls without photo ID will, first, need to have another form of ID. A valid voter registration certificate, a certified birth certificate, a current utility bill, a bank statement, a government check, a paycheck, or any other government document that displays the voter's name and address, will do.
Then, voters without ID will be required to sign an affidavit stating that they encountered a "reasonable impediment" when trying to get their hands on a photo ID. Poll workers can't ask questions about what that impediment might have been or challenge the voter in any way, the new regulations say.
Under the law, if you were a student who hadn't changed the address on your ID to match the college town you now lived in, you'd have been stuck filing a provisional ballot before having a six day window to show valid ID to your county voter registrar. But voters can also no longer be forced to vote a provisional ballot under the same circumstances.
The state will be required to spend $2.5 million promoting the new rules between now and November.
Ken Paxton, the Texas attorney general, said that the regulations effective in November are only temporary and that his office will continue fighting for stringent implementation in the law in the future.
"The U.S. Supreme Court said that voter ID is a legitimate means of preventing voter fraud, and Texans widely support it to defend the integrity of our elections," the statement said. "This case is not over. In light of the Fifth Circuit's recent decision, we are working hard on saving all the important aspects of our voter ID."
U.S. Representative Marc Veasey, who represents a gerrymandered swath of southern Dallas and Tarrant Counties, was the lead plaintiff in the lawsuit. He hopes that the state will drop the issue.
"I'm very excited, I mean this is a win for Texas voters all throughout our state. Fairness and easy access to the ballot box is what we want for our state," Veasey says. "This is a good day for Texas voters."
Texas' voter ID law, as it will be enforced in November, is strong enough to stop any potential in-person voter fraud, Veasey says, but that was never really what voter ID was about.
"The Voting Rights Act mandated that the burden of proof to deny someone the right to vote should be on the state, what Texas did was put the burden back on the voter. "In my opinion, that's like what we saw in Jim Crow," Veasey said.
Stephen Young has written about Dallas news for the Observer since 2014. He's a Dallas native and a graduate of the University of North Texas.


text:
Record of the Week
presented by Music Direct
Bob Dylan's 2009 album of holiday standards could be seen as an example of the Bard having a little fun with the public, but make no mistake: Shadows In the Night, the 73-year-old's stripped-down set of songs largely popularized by Frank Sinatra, is no laughing matter.
Nobody is going to argue that Dylan's weather-beaten, gravel-textured voice belongs on the same level as Ol' Blue Eyes' baritone, Tony Bennett's crooning, or even many of the contemporaries that tackled Sinatra projects. Yet the Minnesota native's measured, cautious pace—and equally importantly, elastic phrasing, gentle timbre, and seeming self-awareness of his own abilities as a balladeer—begets an emotional honesty lacking on many of the forgettable Great American Songbook efforts released during the past several decades. Via restrained arrangements and resigned moods, the music often falls in line with several of Dylan's better late-career records—including parts of Time Out of Mind and Love and Theft.
Focusing on Sinatra's alone-at-the-bar saloon fare and wisely steering away from upbeat swing, Dylan succeeds in peeling away the big-band layers to leave minimalist arrangements that frame his vulnerability, regret, and loneliness. He expresses the latter feelings by taking his time with the lyrics, be it stretching syllables like taffy or drawing out spaces between words.
Having eliminated the traditional string elements—and save for three tunes, the horns—Dylan needn't compete with a band. Rather, one complements him, with his longtime touring mates supplying discreet backgrounds salted with country and blues flavors. Donny Herron's aching, gliding pedal-steel guitar lines mirror the singer's loneliness on material such as "Full Moon and Empty Arms" and "What I'll Do." Dylan even manages to bring fresh perspective to "Autumn Leaves" and "That Lucky Old Sun," investing each standard with a sense of tragic certainty Shakespeare—surely, a peer in spirit—would've appreciated.
Captured at Capitol's Studio B, a location Sinatra frequented, Shadows In the Night claims no overdubs or separate tracking. Dylan and Co. recorded live, with no headphones or vocal booths. What's in the grooves is basically what went down, and most songs were completed in one or two takes. The resulting intimacy and spontaneity lend further credibility to an album that, by looking to the past, speaks volumes about the need for more musical truthfulness in the present. —Bob Gendron
You can purchase the vinyl HERE at Music Direct…
And, you can stream it on TIDAL Here…
You must be logged in to post a comment. Register Here.


Whether you're looking to start a snow removal business, a side hustle for some extra income or just keep your own driveway clear… a snowplow can be a good investment.
Before you get started, get the answers to some common questions from beginner snowplow drivers.
I'm thinking of buying a plow for my truck. Any tips or advice?
First things first: Always consult local Department of Transportation regulations and your vehicle owner's manual before installing any plow equipment on your truck.
When you're ready to make the investment, get to know your local snow plow dealer. He or she can help you find a plow that meets your needs and budget. A dealer can also direct you to resources about maintenance, safety, spare parts and repairs specific to your plow.
Do your research. First, read the owner's manual. Then, familiarize yourself with all the controls and settings on your plow before you fire it up for the first time.
Drive safely. Turn the plow controls off when driving on roads to avoid any accidental drops or movements.
Be mindful of added weight. You'll want to brake a little earlier when driving with a plow. The weight of your plow can increase your stopping distance and put stress on your transmission.
Visibility is key. Weather conditions can be unpredictable. Remove all snow and ice from windows and mirrors before you plow. (Need ideas? Read our list of 14 hacks to deal with snow and ice on your car.) Resist the urge to plow with your head poked outside the driver's side window. It's just not safe!
Stay safe and visible. Always wear a seat belt. When actively plowing, use flashers or warning lights.
Take it easy. While plowing, a good rule of thumb is to keep your speed at or under 10 mph. On the road, don't exceed the speed limit – even when driving between sites on a busy day.
Get the full list of snowplow driving tips or download a best practices checklist on the SIMA website.
I have a plow on my pickup truck. Is that covered under my auto policy?
That depends on what type of insurance policy you have and where you're using your plow. As always, talk to an insurance pro like an ERIE agent if you have specific questions about what's covered.
If you're only using your plow for personal use: For example, say you're plowing your own driveway or driving over to plow your brother's driveway as a favor. (Aren't you thoughtful!) Under an ERIE personal auto policy, liability and physical damage coverage is usually automatically extended to your plow, as long as you have those coverages purchased for your pickup truck. Learn more about personal auto insurance from ERIE.
If you're making an income as a full- or part-time snow removal contractor: You'd need to purchase a commercial auto policy. Operating a business – or even a side hustle – presents risks that are not covered by a personal auto policy. Your local ERIE agent can help get you a quote based on your needs and budget. Learn more about commercial auto insurance from ERIE.
What's the best way to get business as a snow removal contractor?
Prices tend to vary widely, so know what other snow removal contractors are charging in your area. Don't be surprised if your potential clients get multiple estimates! To stand out, it helps to have a few good references to provide to potential customers.
It's also a smart idea to visit the property in person so you know what to expect regarding the scope of the job. (For example, is it a driveway or a parking lot? Are there any obstacles or tough maneuvers?) When you're ready to lock it down, always get the final agreement in writing. Get more tips in this checklist for hiring a snow removal contractor.
At Erie Insurance, our local insurance agents can help you understand the insurance coverage that makes sense for your needs and budget. From workers compensation and general liability insurance for your snow plow business to top-notch coverage at a great price for your truck – we're here to help.
See what makes Erie Insurance different or find a local ERIE agent to get a customized insurance quote.


text:
Seven odes by Quintus Horatius Flaccus, one of the greatest poets of the Golden Age of Roman literature, are housed, as befits a real treasure, in a casket of snow-white Carrara marble. This publication stands out not only for the bold approach to its outward appearance, but also for its unique content: original woodcuts and novel textual compositions in Latin.
Sergei Shvemberger (1959-2018)
Graphic artist working in a variety of media, painter, sculptor. Interests included book illustration, installations, 3D computer reconstructions of historical and cultural monuments. Participated in more than 100 exhibitions of printed graphic art and book illustration in Russia and abroad.
15 copies numbered and signed by the publisher and the artist. Copy № 1 is in the collection of the State Hermitage.
xylography
Details of the creation of this masterpiece
62 (unsewn gatherings and separate sheets)
pages — 195 × 140 mm; casket — 260 × 206 × 70 mm
Hahnemühle (Germany), 300 g/m², handmade
Latin, Russian
The Carmina ("Songs") are lyrical poems that Horace wrote from the year 30 BC onwards. The basis for this publication, which features seven of Horace's odes (I.11; II.20; III.13; III.26; IV.10; I.34; III.18), was an original project – Horace. Odes – that the artist Sergei Shvemberger realized in 1993.
Participants in the work on this publication:
Illustrations, type compositions, design of the casket, layout of the book and arrangement of the text — Sergei Shvemberger
Hand typesetting and printing of the text, printing of the type compositions
and woodcuts — Sergei Yashin
Stonecutting work on the casket — Armen Petrosian, Boris Kachalov
The text of the book was typeset by hand in the Literaturnaya ("Literary") typeface and printed on a 19th-century Dingler hand press.
In order to more fully convey the artistic expressiveness of the poet's lofty style, the texts of the odes are printed in the original language and presented as seven typecompositions specially devised by the artist Sergei Shvemberger.
The book includes 10 woodcut illustrations that were also printed on a 19th-century Dingler hand press.
The pages of the book have not been bound and are placed like a real treasure in a reliquary-casket cut from the extremely valuable variety of snow-white marble quarried near Carrara in the Apuan Alps.
The lid of the casket is inlaid with the initials of the poet's full name – Q.H.F. – made in patinated brass.
The casket weighs around five kilos. The book has a storage case decorated with fabric.
About this edition:
Seven odes by one of the greatest poets of the Golden Age of Roman literature
Download video presentation
Sign up and be first to learn about new editions and other events involving our publishing house
News from our publishing house on the social networks
Copyright 2018 Created by Niretak studio


These private rooms can be transformed into a room that suits you and your guests. The Ave contains a beautiful wine cellar wall. Both spaces are well equipped with screens, full audio/video hookups, and are microphone ready. Unique staved walls give the room a cozy environment. Perfect for business meetings, pharmaceutical representative demos, rehearsal dinners, and family gatherings.
This semi-private space is ideal for your next event. The room is elevated and surrounded with floor to veiling wood panels. Perfect for rehearsal dinners, family gatherings, and birthday parties.


Attractive and eye-catching WordPress themes will magnetize clients towards your website and simply increase the traffic as well as profits. At Premium WordPress Support, we understand the unique web development every client wants and we develop themes that are of high quality, elegance and panache.
Our themes are of attractive designs to suit the requirement of the clients. Our focus primarily remains on the user-friendly interface throughout the theme development and the commitment and responsibility to deliver efficient exclusive WordPress theme development services.
We are here to provide the website design that you need!
Get Your New WordPress Theme!


Enter your email address and get alerted to my random musings on American Christianity. They'll be sporadic and random, I pinky promise.
An immediate, blissful peace washes over Jill. Then, a stark but welcomed silence.
She is aware, but disembodied in a way that isn't of tremendous concern. Her surroundings matter little, mostly because there don't appear to be any.
Just a moment ago, she was heckled by sirens, and flashing lights, and cold steel, and uniformed men screaming as they slammed black, heavy objects against her chest again and again.
There was a series of beeps, she thinks. Or maybe it was just one long beep. She's no longer sure, and the memory fades as effortlessly as a recent dream.
"Welcome, Jill," The Narrator says.
"Oh, so I'm … dead," responds Jill, more whimsically than she expected, as though anxiety were prohibited.
The Narrator weaves together the good and bad details of Jill's life with stunning indifference. From those events that occurred in public, to tragedies that would tunnel her many poor choices, to her most intimate thoughts and fears–everything is laid bare as her story is made known.
Jill remains unflinching, which she finds comforting.
"At 12, you showed tremendous promise, a light amid a dark place, given your mother's addictions.
The Narrator doesn't spare the tragic elements of Jill's compromised youth. The neighbor's house. Muffled, broken screams that went unanswered. The panting. The smell of his breath–a toxic stew of alcohol and marijuana. And blood. So much blood. Finally, the shame. The Narrator reveals a cruel twist: Jill's mom had made an arrangement with the neighbor for drugs just minutes before.
She hadn't known this until now.
Jill is stoic, but feels propped up, as though she's become a passenger as the brutal and hellish details are retold of her final seven years.
The closing chapter was imminent, as Jill wonders what is to follow.
Jill identifies the cosmic choice that she had made in, or through, life, but cognizant it was never really a choice.
"No, you never really had a choice," affirms The Narrator, understanding Jill's thoughts, because in this place–whatever this place is–there isn't a difference between words spoken and thought.
The Narrator concludes with Jill's final moments on earth. Suddenly, the memory of her demise is resurfaced, like photographic evidence to accompany the trial. The Narrator's voice becomes nearly muted, as Jill's final experience is relived.
She sees–no, she feels–the dirty needle entering her arm, the pinch of it breaking her skin, and the brief smirk that crossed her face as the pain is lifted. She had been alone in a cold, darkened alley that final night, a dilapidated soul battling away demons, escaping the reality of a life that ended much earlier.
The scene ends, and the silence returns.


text:
Chauncey -Theater 2 Fri, Oct 7, 2022 9:00 PM
Ped Mall -The Screening Room Sat, Oct 8, 2022 7:00 PM
Ped Mall -Scene 1 Sun, Oct 9, 2022 3:30 PM
Series: Refocus Film Festival
Director: Mathieu Amalric
Production Country: France
A Refocus Film Festival Selection
Vicky Krieps (Phantom Thread, Bergman Island) stars in this adaptation of the play Je reviens de loin by Claudine Galea. The cerebral drama follows Clarisse who has left her husband and children without explanation, hitting the road seemingly to nowhere. In almost a dream-like haze, details begin to emerge as we cut back and forth between this portrait of a woman in crisis and the family she has left behind. Known primarily as an actor in France, director Mathieu Amalric perfectly balances the mystery of the source material and builds the film to a stunning conclusion. Vicky Krieps gives a quietly devastating and multilayered performance in the lead for which she earned the Un Certain Regard award for Best Performance at the 2021 Cannes Film Festival.
Official Selection: 2021 Cannes Rotterdam film festivals


text:
Report Any Suspicious Move To Authorities – Emir Of Zazzau
FeaturedLatest NewsMetro
By Juliet Oyoyo	 On Aug 21, 2018	11:02 PM
Kaduna – As Nigerians join the rest of the world to celebrate Eid-el-Kabir, the Chairman, Kaduna State Council of Chiefs and Emirs, Alhaji (Dr.) Shehu Idris, Emir of Zazzau, has called on his subjects to report any move or action that will tamper with the peaceful coexistence in the society to the authorities for quick response.
The Emir of Zazzau made the call in his Eid-el-Kabir message to the people of Zazzau emirate, Kaduna State and Nigeria as a whole.
The Emir who said the government was doing enough by providing infrastructural projects at both states and Federal levels, also warned the people to avoid engaging themselves in social vices such as drug addiction, cultism among others.
The monarch used the occasion to remind his subjects to report any suspected cases of any disease to avoid outbreak in the community.
He advised the people to support the government in all its policies and programmes as well as to respect the constituted authorities.
He congratulated the Muslim community on the Sallah celebration while also, urging them to conduct themselves accordingly by making the celebration a memorable one.
The Emir expressed his appreciation to the invited guests most particularly, members of the diplomatic corps and government officials who attended the festival in Zazzau Emirate.
Alhaji (Dr.) Shehu IdrisEid-el-KabirEmir of ZazzauKaduna State Council of Chiefs and Emirs
Juliet Oyoyo
Juliet Oyoyo holds a Higher National Diploma (HND) from the International Institute of Journalism.
With over 15years experience in the journalism profession, has attended Workshops, Seminars and Lectures on the advancement of the noble profession of journalism.
An achiever and result oriented person and dedicated member of NUJ/NAWOJ.
Married with children.
I Have Used My Office To Serve Humanity Without Persecuting Anybody – Ajimobi
Trump Former Attorney, Michael Cohen Pleads Guilty To 8 Criminal Counts, May Face 4yrs Imprisonment
Foreign Bandits Invading Nigeria, Wreaking Havoc In Oyo


We are delighted to present the PMS guide to Restructuring, Insolvency and Distressed Debt Trading. This e-guide provides a comparative analysis of certain key areas of law and procedure for those involved in or affected by financial distress of a corporation and the trading of distressed debt across Europe.
One of the main challenges when dealing with financially distressed businesses with operations in more than one country is that each country has its own unique insolvency and restructuring laws. There is only one piece of pan-EU [Except for Denmark, which opted out in accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of the Protocol on the position of Denmark annexed to the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community.] legislation: the EC Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings [Council Regulation (EC) No. 1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings (OJ 2000 L 160/1).], which came into force in May 2002 (referred to in this guide as the "Regulation"). The Regulation recognises the differing laws across the region and the impracticability of attempting to formulate a common code of insolvency law. The Regulation was passed with the relatively modest ambition of codifying an agreement on significant aspects of cross-border insolvencies so that it is easier for insolvency practitioners to deal with cross-border insolvencies.
There is one other piece of national law designed to assist in the area of crossborder insolvency: the unizitral on cross-border insolvency, which was adopted by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law in 1997 and has since been implemented into local legislation by several countries including the UK, Poland, Slovenia, Romania, the US and Japan. In the countries where it has been adopted, the UNCITRAL Model Law deals with the recognition of foreign insolvency proceedings and co-operation between courts and competent authorities involved in cases of cross-border insolvency.
impact of data protection and bank secrecy laws on distressed debt trading.
Elaine Bolwell, Secretary to Martin Brown at CMS Cameron McKenna LLP in London (elaine.bolwell@cms-cmck.com).
If you have any questions arising out of any of the issues contained in this Guide, please do contact us. The main contacts for each jurisdiction can be found on page 122.
CMS Practice Group for Restructuring and Insolvency, February 2011.
CMS aims to be the best European provider of high-quality legal and tax advice.
Our detailed knowledge of industries, plus extensive European presence, means that CMS is uniquely qualified to provide highly specialised advice that adds value to your business.
CMS has a common culture and a shared heritage that is distinctively European. With more than 5,000 people working in 53 offices and 28 jurisdictions, CMS has the most extensive footprint in Europe.
Our single organisation of practice groups and sector groups provides clients with high quality advice that is seamless, client-driven and coordinated across borders.
It means we understand your business and can provide the best legal and tax solutions. Our clients expect the best, and we deliver. It is all part of creating and maintaining strong relationships built on trust.
If you are doing business in Europe, or considering such a move, CMS is your best choice for high-quality legal and tax advice.
Representing all the restructuring and insolvency teams of the various CMS jurisdictions, the restructuring and insolvency practice group has a long history of association and commands strong positions, both locally and on the international market. The group was created in order to meet the growing demand for integrated, multi-jurisdictional legal services in this field.
Members of the Practice Group advise on specialised restructuring and insolvency issues affecting business across Europe.
Restructuring and insolvency issues can be particularly complex and there is a wide range of different laws and regulations affecting them. The integration of our firms across Europe means we can provide coordinated European advice through a single point of contact. Contact details are set out at the end of this guide.
The information contained in this guide is of a general nature and is not intended to be a full legal review of the topics covered and cannot be relied upon for specific advice. We accept no responsibility for any acts or omissions as a result of the information contained in this guide. If you would like to receive specific legal advice, please contact your usual CMS attorney.
The information in this guide is accurate as at February 2011 but please be aware that this is a developing area.
The introduction of the European Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings (Council Regulation 1346/2000) (the "Regulation") in May 2002 was intended to achieve a level of harmonisation in relation to insolvencies across EU Member States (except Denmark which opted not to participate). Given the rise in cross border transactions, the pre-amble to the Regulation outlines the need for coordination of the measures to be taken with regard to an insolvent debtor's assets within the EU.
However, the Regulation also recognises the differing substantive laws across the EU and the impracticality of attempting to formulate a code of insolvency law applicable throughout every Member State. The Regulation therefore only provides rules only on significant aspects of cross border insolvencies. These include which Member State's courts have jurisdiction to open insolvency proceedings, the choice of law applicable to such proceedings, and recognition across the EU of the effects of judgments by a court in a Member State having jurisdiction.
Perhaps surprisingly, as COMI is one of the cornerstones of the Regulation, the Regulation itself does not contain a definition of the term. The pre-amble to the Regulation, which serves as an aid to interpretation, but which is not legally binding, provides that COMI "should correspond to the place where the debtor conducts the administration of his interests on a regular basis and is therefore readily ascertainable by third parties". In the case of a company, the place of the registered office is presumed to be the COMI in the absence of proof to the contrary.
The concept of COMI was left to be interpreted by the courts of each Member State, which in some cases has given rise to inconsistencies of interpretation. Also, one unintended consequence of the introduction of the concept of COMI was that a debtor company incorporated outside the EU may fall within the scope of the Regulation if it has its COMI within the EU. This was first shown in relation to a corporation incorporated in Delaware that was put into administration in the UK on the basis that its COMI was in the UK (Re BRAC Rent-a-Car International Inc) [ 2 All ER 201,  1 WLR 1421]. The presumption in favour of the place of incorporation or the location of the registered office was rebutted on the facts.
The only case on the interpretation of COMI that has so far been considered by the European Court of Justice is In re Eurofood IFSC Ltd.[ Ch 508] The ECJ decided that the presumption that COMI is where the registered office is located can be rebutted if factors which are both objective and ascertainable by third parties lead to the conclusion that the COMI is elsewhere. The analysis should focus on where the head office functions of the company are performed, as this will not necessarily coincide with the location of the registered office.
To what proceedings does the Regulation apply?
The Regulation applies to all "collective insolvency proceedings which entail the partial or total divestment of a debtor and the appointment of a liquidator". A "liquidator" is defined as a person whose function it is to administer or liquidate assets of which a debtor has been divested or to supervise the administration of his affairs.
The Regulation defines the terms "insolvency proceedings" and "liquidator" by reference to each Member State in the Annexes to the Regulation.
Primary jurisdiction is accorded to the courts of the Member State within which the COMI of the debtor is located. Subject to any secondary proceedings (see below) and any relevant exceptions, insolvency proceedings opened in the Member State where the debtor's COMI is located are called "main proceedings" and they are deemed to be of universal scope encompassing all the debtor's assets on a worldwide basis.
Subject only to certain entrenched rights (see below), the law of the Member State in which the proceedings are opened determines the conditions for the opening of those proceedings, their conduct and their closure. Regulation 4(2) lists, not exhaustively, those matters that are governed by the law of that Member State. They include, for example, the respective powers of the debtor and the office-holder, the effects of the insolvency proceedings on current contracts to which the debtor is party and the rules governing the lodging, verification and admission of claims.
The courts of other Member States have jurisdiction to open secondary insolvency proceedings against a debtor possessing an "establishment" within the territory of that other Member State.
The term establishment is defined as "any place of operations where the debtor carries out a non-transitory economic activity with human means and goods".
Secondary proceedings are limited to the assets of the debtor situated in the territory of the Member State in which proceedings are commenced and may only be "winding up proceedings". Various provisions of the Regulation ensure the primacy of the main proceedings, including a requirement on the liquidator of the secondary proceedings to co-operate with the liquidator of the main proceedings.
A judgment handed down in the main proceedings will, subject to limited exceptions based on public policy, be recognised and given effect in other Member States with no further formalities.
The liquidator appointed in the main proceedings will be entitled to exercise all the powers conferred on him by the law of the Member State of the main proceedings in another Member State, provided no secondary proceedings have been opened in that other Member State nor any preservation measures to the contrary have been taken there.
Certain creditors' rights are excluded from the general choice of law rule in the Regulation and are given entrenched status. Rights in rem (including security rights of a proprietary nature) are one example. So if a debtor has its COMI and main proceedings in, say, France, in general the Regulation dictates that its insolvency and assets (wherever they are) are dealt with according to French insolvency law. But if it also has a creditor with a proprietary claim relating to an asset in, say, Germany, the law applicable to the proprietary claim remains German law. Other entrenched rights include reservation of title claims, set-off and contracts relating to immoveable property.
The practical application of the Regulation across the Member States since its introduction in 2002 has not always been smooth. There have been instances of 'forum shopping' and jurisdictional conflicts, which the Regulation was supposed to avoid. However, it is hoped that these problems will reduce as the Regulation case law and practice develops. Notwithstanding these early problems, the Regulation represents progress towards co-operation and coordination in the field of international insolvency, for the benefit of insolvent businesses and their creditors.
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) (established in 1966) is a subsidiary body of the General Assembly of the United Nations with the general mandate to further the progressive harmonisation and unification of the law of international trade.
Collaboration between UNCITRAL and INSOL International resulted in the adoption in 1997 of the Model Law. The Model Law is designed to assist states to equip their insolvency laws with a modern, harmonized and fair framework to address more effectively instances of cross-border insolvency. Those instances include cases where the insolvent debtor has assets in more than one state or where some of the creditors of the debtor are not from the state where the insolvency proceeding is taking place. The Model Law recognises differences among national procedural laws and does not attempt a substantive harmonisation of insolvency law.
The Model Law has since been adopted by 13 states, including the USA and from the jurisdictions covered by this guide: the United Kingdom (2003), Poland (2003), Romania (2003), Serbia (2004), Slovenia (2007).
The Model Law provides for among other things: foreign assistance for insolvency proceedings taking place in the enacting state; foreign representative's access to courts of the enacting state; recognition of foreign proceedings; cross-border cooperation; and coordination of concurrent proceedings.
In states that have enacted the Model Law, recognition may be sought for foreign proceedings that are collective insolvency proceedings, and which are subject to the supervision and control of a foreign court. The Regulations provide for the recognition of two types of proceedings: foreign main proceedings and foreign non-main proceedings.
Foreign non-main proceedings are proceedings occurring in a state in which the debtor has an "establishment" (which is defined as any place of operations where the debtor carries out an economic activity with human means and goods, which is not of a temporary nature).
Recognition as foreign main proceedings results in an automatic stay of certain types of creditor action including: the commencement of proceedings concerning the debtor's assets, rights, obligations or liabilities; execution against the debtor's assets; and the transfer or disposal of the debtors assets. As with the Regulation, proprietary rights, and set-off are excluded from the general rules.
There is no automatic stay for foreign non-main proceedings, but discretionary relief is available.
CMS Albiñana & Suárez de Lezo, S.L.P.


Even Get A 10% Refund For Unsuccessful Trades Not all my trades are successful but this is mitigated by the fact they still refund me 10% for those trades that failed Pro: Reasonable rebates for out of the money trades Con: Daily Reviews are not constantly being updated 3. The Company reserves the right to halt or suspend the trading facilities provided by the System cheapest forex broker singapore the operation of this site or sections thereof at any time without a prior notice due to the following circumstances: i.
This is strategy that Vladimir Ribakov offer for free on their Forex Libra Code website (Forex Libra Codeofficial website ). (h) The bonus cannot exceed USD 5,000 unless otherwise stipulated in the bonus promotion. Pondering about what private earnings better start cheapest forex broker singapore you should know that mundane substance be more popular in owners.
It is essential to bear in mind that support and resistance levels are not exact numbers, but offer traders a clear indication based on past performance that when price reaches either a support or resistance level it is likely to bounce back.
Pondering about what private earnings more profitable start, you should know that ordinary substance be day by day well-known in owners. TradeKing offers extended hours customer support (Not 24/7 like a few others) and if you re considering transferring your current trading account to TradeKing, they will reimburse your transfer fees up to 0. These kinds of individual trading accounts are open and have no restrictions on how much can be put into the account or withdrawal from it.Jointor Individual investment Account holders are capable to use Capital One s Express Funding option which permits dealers to place buy orders even while they have inadequate cash in their trading accounts to concealment the complete transaction.
Profits can also be withdrawn through the same methods; subject to the terms and conditions. (d) Your bonus will become withdrawable when your leveraged trading volume reaches a multiplier of 20,000 on the granted bonus within a period of 60 days. Platform languages: English cheapest forex broker singapore Arabic, Turkish.OptionRally Minimum deposit = 0.


This list of MRI scanned dogs is provided for information only and covers dogs resident in all Countries. The CKCS Club does not warrant any entry in the list. Information relating to the results of any scans can only be obtained from the owner of the listed dog.
To change the order of the list, click on the underlined heading as required.
The "Index No" column is the order in which entries have been made in the database.
Where an * appears in the dog's name, the affix has been witheld at the affix holder's instruction.
Return to MRI main page.
This list of MRI scanned dogs is provided for information only and The CKCS Club does not warrant any entry in the list. Information relating to the results of any scans can only be obtained from the owner of the listed dog.
This document maintained by the webmaster@thecavalierclub.co.uk.


text:
Q: I'm getting multiple buttons instead of 1
Posts By You

  {% for i in posts %}
    {% for j in i %}

{{ j }}

    {% endfor %}

      {% for l in postID %}
        {% for k in l %}
          <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm" id="delBtn">Delete Post {{ k }}</button>
        {% endfor %}
      {% endfor %}

  {% endfor %}

sql = "SELECT postID FROM posts WHERE relUser=%s ORDER BY postID DESC"
        vals = (li)

        cur.execute(sql, vals)
        idResults = cur.fetchall()

        id = []
        id.clear()
        id.append(idResults)

        for idsIndex in range(len(id)):
            for result in results:
                for index in range(len(results)):
                    params = {'name': log_userName, 'noOfPosts': len(result), 'posts': results[index], 'followers': 36, 'pass': log_userPassword, 'postID': id[idsIndex]}
                    return render(request, 'myAccount.html', params)

The first code snippet is HTML and the second is Django
As seen in the picture I'm getting multiple delete buttons instead of only one, I've used for loops

The second image is when I place the buttons outside the loops

A: Delete the for loop associated with the buttons and instead of k try plugging in straight l in the double curly brackets.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
#supply chain digital#supply chain technology#supply chain
Help solve Santa's seasonal logistics problem, with Edinburgh Napier University
Follow @SupplyChainD	A new online 'Route Santapage, where anyone can add their house to the map to ensure Santa arrives with their presents on ti...
Follow @SupplyChainD
A new online 'Route Santa' page, where anyone can add their house to the map to ensure Santa arrives with their presents on time, has been developed by computing experts from Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland, UK.
The software developed by the experts is designed to help companies optimise their delivery strategies in time for Christmas.
Using Google Maps, the system reveals the most efficient delivery option including the minimum number of delivery vans required, the cost of journeys and the best route that should be taken in order to fulfil the required number of orders. The software should ensure orders are fulfilled within specified time-frames and in the most economical and sustainable way.
The techniques have also been incorporated into a new online 'Route Santa' page, where anyone can add their house to the map to ensure their presents arrive on time and assist Mr Claus in his logistical nightmare.
Dr Neil Urquhart, Software Engineering Programme Leader at Edinburgh Napier University, said: "Managing delivery logistics effectively and efficiently is a challenge faced by companies and manufacturers of all sizes on a daily basis. The goal is to distribute to as many customers as possible, using the most cost effective and environmentally sustainable route within the desired delivery schedules.
"The approach we're using addresses this potentially complicated business objective by adapting existing scientific techniques into an easy-to-use format using Google Maps. The optimisation algorithms quickly come up with solutions – including the minimum number of delivery vans required, the cost of journeys and producing route maps to fulfil the desired number of orders."
Senior Industry Consultant in Strategic Supply Chain Management, Kenny Wiggins, said: "The major part of any decision making process is the analysis of the set of available alternatives. The development of software tools to aid in this decision process will greatly increase the effectiveness of the decisions that are made by allowing the user to make an 'informed assessment' of the options.
"In this specific example, it can help firms in the distribution sector considerably not just in effective route planning, but also with improvements in vehicle and resource utilisation, which in turn will lead to a reduction in overall business operating costs."
The project is one example of the work being done by Edinburgh Napier as part of its involvement in the Business Innovation Exchange (BIE) which aims to provide SMEs with easier access to academic know how, facilities and intellectual property. BIE is funded by the ERDF and the Scottish Funding Council.


Major cities: Capital–Sofia 1.3 million.
Climate: Continental–mild summers and cold, snowy winters.
Population (July 2009 est.): 7,204,687.
Population growth rate (2009 est.): -0.79%.
Ethnic groups (2001): Bulgarian 83.94%, Turkish 9.42%, Roma 4.68%, and other 2% (including Macedonian, Armenian, Tatar).
Religions (2001): Bulgarian Orthodox 82.6%, Muslim 12.2%, Roman Catholic 0.6%, Protestant 0.5%, others.
Language: Bulgarian 84.5%, other 15.5%.
Health: Life expectancy (2009 est.)–male: 69.48 years; female: 76.91 years. Infant mortality rate (2009 est.)–17.87 deaths/1,000 live births.
Work force: 2.67 million (2008 est.). Agriculture–7.5%; industry–35.5%, services–57% (2007 est.).


text:
/********************************************************************
*
*	05. Write a C# Sharp program that takes the radius of a circle as
*		input and calculate the perimeter and area of the circle.
*
*		Test Data
*		Input the radius of the circle :
*		12
*		Expected Output :
*		Perimeter of Circle : 75.36
*
* 	By: Jesus Hilario Hernandez
* 	Last Updated: October 26th 2017
*
*
********************************************************************/
using System;

public class Exercise_05
{
	public static void Main()
	{
		/************************
		 *	Jesus' Solution
		 ************************/
		Console.WriteLine("Input the radius of a circle:");
		var radius = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
		Console.WriteLine("Expected Output: \nPerimeter of Circle: {0}", (2 * 3.14 * radius));

		/*******************************************
		 *	Jesus' Solution After checking response
		 *******************************************/

		/**************************
		 *	W3resource's Solution
		 **************************/
		double r,per_cir;
		double PI = 3.14;
		Console.WriteLine("Input the radius of the circle : ");
		r = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());
		per_cir = 2 * PI * r;
		Console.WriteLine("Perimeter of Circle : {0}", per_cir);
		//Console.ReadLine();

	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


At Alabama Construction Recruiters our job is to help your firm find, attract, and secure the best talent to your construction firm. Call us today and we can help your company grow! We have been doing this for over 20 years!


Gwendolyn's Wish- an inspiring story of love about a lonely girl who receives friendship in a place she didn't expect. A lovely dove turns into a beautiful parrot that she can talk too. He grants her a wish and they become friends forever. It is such an inspirational read that kids of all ages will enjoy. You won't want to miss this book about friendship, love, and magic.


Adrienne became the Director of University Counseling Center and University Health Services in March, 2016. She received her Bachelor of Science degree in Family & Consumer Sciences from Nicholls in 2006 and a M.Ed. degree in Counselor Education from the University of New Orleans in 2008. She became a Licensed Professional Counselor in 2011 and a Licensed Professional Counselor-Supervisor in 2016.
Krystyn earned her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 2014, followed by her Master of Arts in Counseling with a concentration in Clinical Mental Health Counseling in 2017 from Northwestern State University . She is a Provisional Licensed Counselor.
Elnora became a Counselor and Outreach Coordinator at University Counseling Center April 2018. She received her Associates of Science in Paralegal Studies from Nicholls in 2010, Bachelors of Arts and Science in Sociology with a concentration in Family and Youth Advocate from Nicholls 2013 and a M.Ed. degree in School Counseling from Nicholls State University 2017. She is a Provisional Licensed Counselor.
Ms. Coulon is a former Nicholls student who has worked at Nicholls since 1995. She serves as administrative support for all of Student Services in addition to the UCC.


Sign up for the new deal-a-day site Sneakpeeq and get a FREE pearl ring just for signing up + you get a $10 credit to use on anything on their site.
Today, they have a two-pack of Wholesome Kitchen's delicious already-seasoned quinoa at over 85% off. The Herbs & Lemon Quinoa and Fruits & Nuts Quinoa, for example, regularly retails for $15, but new members will pay just $2 with their new member credit. And shipping is FREE!
When you see a deal you like, just "peeq" at it to reveal the price. It will automatically show you the price with your credits applied. I know the Sneakpeeq interface can be a bit frustrating at first – but this deal is too good not to share!
Um the interface is really annoying and does not work… price is stuck at $12.
Did you sign up thru the new members link?
It worked for me, but it is not user-friendly…you have to go to your "badges" and click on the "new member" badge for it to "open and unlock" your $10 credit. Then, when you go to the quinoa, it will show the adjusted price.


Wine Tour San Francisco: How Many Wineries Do We Visit a Day?
A wine tour in San Francisco makes for a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of the city to the idyllic and romantic Wine Country. But what if you're only on a getaway trip and only have a day to experience a wine tour?
Responses are varied from one visitor to another, but most of them agree that the reasonable number of winery visits should be limited to three to four. Many tourists have visited even up to six wineries in a single day and have felt that it was a bit too much. Even so, they have ended up not being able to do other things in between like sight-seeing, having lunch or shopping, and felt exhausted at the end of their trip.
If you plan to have a weekend getaway trip to Napa Valley and want to include a hot air balloon ride, Balloons Above the Valley (BATV) should provide the answer even to your brief travel needs.
If you're staying in San Francisco, in particular, and want to escape to the wine country, then BATV's "San Francisco Balloon & Wine Tour Package" is the ideal option. For two days you will be able to enjoy the best of Napa Valley, both on the ground and in the air, with wine tours and a hot air balloon ride.
Travel to the Wine Country from San Francisco while riding in the comfort and luxury of chauffeured limo buses, where you can enjoy an onboard breakfast with mimosa.
Your chauffeur will take you to a total of four wineries — two in Napa and another two in Sonoma. That's a reasonable number of wineries which will allow you to study and savor the delectable differences between the wineries produced by the two counties. Plus, it will allow you time to do sight-seeing and enjoy the rides through the beautiful countryside (and it is highly unlikely you will end up getting drunk). There's also a picnic lunch at one of the wineries, at an idyllic setting.
The next day is the hot air ballooning adventure! Enjoy a sunrise hot air balloon ride with us at BATV where our competent, experienced, and licensed pilots help to achieve your dreams of flying over the gorgeous Napa Valley landscape. See the neat rows of grapevines, the rolling green hills, the deep valleys … and enjoy the warm rays of sunshine in the midst of the cool morning.
A yummy, seasonal brunch with a sparkling wine follows the one-hour airborne journey. After the brunch, you may have the option to do some more shopping and sightseeing before sailing back to San Francisco via a ferry.
A wine tour in San Francisco is a perfect escape from the city to the countryside. Although visiting wineries are a must when visiting Napa, the number of wine tours you do in a day should be limited to three or four wineries so that you can enjoy other things that this world-class wine region has to offer.


A state lab team was called to process the scene and a private company was hired to clean the area.
KAUKAUNA - A portion of the Konkapot Creek Trail was closed Thursday after police found hazardous materials used to make methamphetamine.
Police responded to a shoplifting complaint at Piggly Wiggly, 300 E. Ann St., at about 11:30 a.m. and found store employees and a shopper holding a man who had attempted to flee the scene, according to the Kaukauna Police Department.
Police also were told about a second man who had already fled and ran toward the walking trail east of the store. Officers found the man near the trail, along with the hazardous material.
A state lab team was called to process the scene and a private company was hired to clean the area. A portion of the trail was closed while being cleaned, but has been reopened to the public.
A 28-year-old Oshkosh man was taken into custody and taken to the Outagamie County Jail due to an outstanding warrant. The case is still under investigation.


This website allows users to search the records of the South Australian Red Cross Information Bureau held in the collection of the State Library of South Australia (SLSA). From 1916 until 1919, the South Australian Red Cross Information Bureau (SARCIB) performed the service of undertaking research into more than 8,000 enquiries from family and friends of missing Australian Imperial Force (AIF) personnel fighting in World War 1. Documentation produced and received in the process of making these enquiries is included in the 'packets' of records that can be searched and viewed on this website.
How did the records get to the State Library of South Australia?
When the Bureau was winding down in 1919, it donated its records to the State Library of South Australia (then Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery). Several newspapers, including The Register of 20 December 1919, reported the donation. The Library's acquisition of the records is most likely attributable to Sir Josiah Symon who was instrumental in the creation of the South Australian Bureau and a significant benefactor of the SLSA.
Since this time, the records have been accessible to the general public at the Library but users could only search for a soldier's surname in the Bureau's card index. Each index card recorded a series of numerical codes that, depending on their location on the card, indicated regimental rank or number, name, unit, enquiry file number, and links or references to other series within the records. The required interpretation of numerical codes and cross-referencing made the use of these records onerous.
The South Australian Red Cross Information Bureau records in this website have been digitised in accordance with the State Library of South Australia's Copyright Determination and Risk Management Framework. The copyright status and copyright holders for personal letters are undetermined.
The State Library of South Australia acknowledges the permission of the South Australian Branch of the Australian Red Cross to digitise and publish these records.
Just as the Bureau used a volunteer workforce, SLSA has continued this tradition with volunteers contributing to the discovery of these missing South Australian soldiers again.
The Library engaged 40 volunteers to read the packets of information and and collect prescribed data which was added to a spreadsheet that ultimately made this database.


Bentrovati with the appointment with the world of S. Bernard. In this newsletter we do not want to talk about our products, but about the many events that Acqua S.Bernardo and The Bio S. Bernardo have contributed and are helping to "quench" in this beautiful season.
A dozen large and small events throughout the boot; sport, music, entertainment, authentic businesses, but always made with simple ingredients that we have also tried to mix in a crescendo of colors and emotions.


I am in the process of starting my own business, however I lack the proper tools and cannot secure a Loan traditionally due to poor credit rating (long story short, I use to have cancer, now in remission! but I feel behind in everything $$ wise and lost the home I was living in when the job I had ended abruptly due to time off due to cancer treatment, ruined my otherwise good credit rating).
If I can pay all my debt's and merge every single small payment into 1 payment, life will be easier to start again and having the correct tools and software for my business will also make live easier.
I am not greedy, I own a Ford Falcon AU 98 now, own it outright, I make aprox 60k per year from my business after 2 year's, but all income goes to paying debt and current living expenses. With the correct tools and equipment, I can easily expand my business to double or triple it's current income.


text:
Q: negative numbers after multiple iterations of sum so I decided to make a batch to generate possible list of movies that would fit in a certain dvd.
the problem is it sometimes returns negative numbers as the size of the files
@set @x=0 /*
@echo off
@set _thisbatchscript="%~f0"
@setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
@set max=8525510083
@set "parentfolder=%__CD__%"

@set flenght=1
@for /r . %%g in (*.*) do (
@call :gera "%%g"
@set "var=%%g"
@set var=!var:%parentfolder%=!
@set fname[!flenght!]=!var!
@set /a flenght=!flenght!+1
)
@set /a flenght=!flenght!-1

@set movielgt=1
@for /l %%a in (1,1,!flenght!) do (
if !fext[%%a]!==.avi (
@set movienm[!movielgt!]=!fname[%%a]!
@set moviesz[!movielgt!]=!fsize[%%a]!
@set ftemp=!fname[%%a]!
@set ftemp=!ftemp:.avi=!
@set movienoext[!movielgt!]=!ftemp!
@set /a movielgt=!movielgt!+1
)
)
@set /a movielgt=!movielgt!-1

@set subtitlelgt=1
@for /l %%a in (1,1,!flenght!) do (
@if !fext[%%a]!==.srt (
@set subtitlenm[!subtitlelgt!]=!fname[%%a]!
@set subtitlesz[!subtitlelgt!]=!fsize[%%a]!
@set ftemp=!fname[%%a]!
@set ftemp=!ftemp:.srt=!
@set subtitlenoext[!subtitlelgt!]=!ftemp!
@set /a subtitlelgt=!subtitlelgt!+1
)
)
@set /a subtitlelgt=!subtitlelgt!-1

@for /l %%a in (1,1,!movielgt!) do (
@for /l %%b in (1,1,!subtitlelgt!) do (
@if !movienoext[%%a]!==!subtitlenoext[%%b]! (
@set /a moviesz[%%a]=!moviesz[%%a]!+!subtitlesz[%%b]!
)
)
)

set resultlgt=0
for /l %%a in (1,1,!movielgt!) do (
if !moviesz[%%a]! LEQ %max% (
set _tempresultsz=0
set _tempresultnm=
set tamanho=
for /l %%b in (%%a,1,!movielgt!) do (
set /a tamanho+=!moviesz[%%b]!
if !tamanho! LEQ %max% (
set /a _tempresultsz+=!moviesz[%%b]!
set _tempresultnm=!_tempresultnm! !movienm[%%b]!
call :resultpush  "!_tempresultnm!" !_tempresultsz!
)
)
)
)

echo tamanho;arquivos
for /l %%a in (1,1,!resultlgt!) do (
echo !result[%%a]sz!;!result[%%a]nm!
)

:gera
@set fsize[!flenght!]=%~z1
@set fext[!flenght!]=%~x1
@goto :EOF

:resultpush
@set /a resultlgt+=1
for /f "tokens=* delims= " %%a in ("%~1") do set str=%%a
@set result[!resultlgt!]nm=%str%
REM for /f "delims=" %%i in ('cscript //Nologo //E:jscript %_thisbatchscript% %2') do set _tamanho=%%i
@set result[!resultlgt!]sz=%2
@goto :EOF
REM start of javascript (not in use(too slow to run on evey interation))
goto:EOF */
var Size=WScript.Arguments(0);
var result=Size+" Bytes"
if(Size>=1024){
    result=(Size/1024)+" KB";
}
if(Size>=1048576){
    result=(Size/1048576)+" MB";
}
if(Size>=1073741824){
    result=(Size/1073741824)+" GB";
}
if(Size>=1099511627776){
    result=(Size/1099511627776)+" TB";
}
WSH.echo(result);

so yeah, that's the code
basically it gets the full list of files in the folder and sub folders from the path it got called, and them iterate over it looking for .avi and .srt files, them it sums the size of .avi files with the size of .str files that have the same folder path and file name, and lastly it iterates over again calculating the possible list of files that could fit in the dvd

A: Yeah, as SomethingDark suggests, you're bumping your head against the limit of a 32-bit integer.  Your JScript hybrid code can handle larger values, up to 2 terabytes (64-bit).
If you change your hybrid format a bit, you can have multiple JScript jobs (and even mix JScript and VBScript if you wish).  Here's a demonstration:
<!-- : batch portion
@echo off & setlocal

call :add 2147483647 1234567890 res
call :suffix %res% human
echo %res%, %human%
goto :EOF

:add <int1> <int2> <returnvar>
for /f %%I in ('cscript //nologo "%~f0?.wsf" "%~1" "%~2" //job:add') do set "%~3=%%I"
goto :EOF

:suffix <int> <returnvar>
for /f %%I in ('cscript //nologo "%~f0?.wsf" "%~1" //job:suffix') do set "%~2=%%I"
goto :EOF

: end batch / begin JScript -->
<package>
    <job id="add">
        <script language="JScript">
            WSH.Echo((WSH.Arguments(0) * 1) + (WSH.Arguments(1) * 1));
        </script>
    </job>
    <job id="suffix">
        <script language="JScript">
            var size = WSH.Arguments(0) * 1,
                idx = 0;
            while (size > 1024 && ++idx) size /= 1024;
            WSH.Echo(size.toFixed(1) + ['B','KB','MB','GB','TB'][idx]);
        </script>
    </job>
</package>

By the way, there are a few other things you can improve in your script.  Firstly, not everything in batch scripts has to be left-justified.  This would work as well:
for /f %%I in (
    'cscript //nologo "%~f0?.wsf" "%~1" "%~2" //job:add'
) do (
    set "%~3=%%I"
)

Secondly, since you're using @echo off at the top of your script, you don't have to prefix every command with an @ symbol.  That's kind of the point of @echo off.
And finally, when using set /A, you don't have to use surrounding percents or exclamation marks to refer to the values in the equation.  Therefore, each of the following three commands performs exactly the same action:
set /a flenght=!flenght! + 1
set /a flenght=flenght + 1
set /a flenght+=1

A: Your code have a basic error, but it is not the 32-bit integer overflow described elsewhere.
When files are recorded in all type of discs, including DVD's, the data is always written using whole disk sectors or, more exactly, whole clusters (data blocks) comprised of an integer number of disk sectors. Accordingly to the data given at this site: "There are 16 sectors in one DVD data Block. One sector is constructed by 2048 bytes (only data), so one DVD data block size is 2048*16 bytes (=32768 bytes)". The total capacity of a standard DVD is 2295104 disk sectors, equivalent to 2295104*2048 = 4700372992 Bytes (commonly known as "4.7 GB"); however, the total capacity of a DVD in data blocks is 2295104/16 = 143444. Each file that is written on disk occupy an integer number of 32 KB data blocks, so the size of each file in data blocks (not in Bytes) is the amount that should be decreased from the initial number of 143444 data blocks free (not 4700372992 Bytes free). If you use a different capacity DVD, just adjust the values accordingly.
This (correct) method also allows to complete all the arithmetic operations using the 32-bit integer limit of SET /A command.
@echo off
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion

set /A max=143444, clusterSize=32*1024, allMovies=0

set "flenght=0"
for /R %%g in (*.avi) do (
   set /A "lastFit=flenght, lastFitP1=lastFit+1, flenght+=1, thisMovie=(%%~Zg-1)/clusterSize+1"
   set "fname[!flenght!]=%%~Fg"
   if exist "%%~PNg.srt" for %%s in ("%%~PNg.srt") do (
      set /A "flenght+=1, thisMovie+=(%%~Zs-1)/clusterSize+1"
      set "fname[!flenght!]=%%~Fs"
   )
   set /A "allMovies+=thisMovie"
   if !allMovies! gtr %max% (
      echo/
      echo These files fits in one DVD:
      for /L %%i in (1,1,!lastFit!) do echo !fname[%%i]!

      set "i=0"
      for /L %%i in (!lastFitP1!,1,!flenght!) do (
         set /A i+=1
         set "fname[!i!]=!fname[%%i]!"
      )
      set /A flenght=i, allMovies=thisMovie
   )
)
if %flenght% gtr 0 (
   echo/
   echo These files fits in one DVD:
   for /L %%i in (1,1,%flenght%) do echo !fname[%%i]!
)