In a world where the information economy is booming, poor data quality can lead to adverse consequences, including social and economical problems such as decrease in revenue. Furthermore, data-driven indus- tries are not just relying on their own (proprietary) data silos, but are also continuously aggregating data from different sources. This aggregation could then be re-distributed back to "data lakes". However, this data (including Linked Data) is not necessarily checked for its quality prior to its use. Large volumes of data are being exchanged in a standard and interoperable format between organisations and published as Linked Data to facilitate their re-use. Some organisations, such as government institutions, take a step further and open their data. The Linked Open Data Cloud is a witness to this. However, similar to data in data lakes, it is challenging to determine the quality of this heterogeneous data, and subsequently to make this information explicit to data consumers.
Despite the availability of a number of tools and frameworks to assess Linked Data quality, the current solutions do not aggregate a holistic approach that enables both the assessment of datasets and also provides consumers with quality results that can then be used to find, compare and rank datasets' fitness for use. In this thesis we investigate methods to assess the quality of (possibly large) linked datasets with the intent that data consumers can then use the assessment results to find datasets that are fit for use, that is; finding the right dataset for the task at hand. Moreover, the benefits of quality assessment are two-fold: (1) data consumers do not need to blindly rely on subjective measures to choose a dataset, but base their choice on multiple factors such as the intrinsic structure of the dataset, therefore fostering trust and reputation between the publishers and consumers on more objective foundations; and (2) data publishers can be encouraged to improve their datasets so that they can be re-used more. Furthermore, our approach scales for large datasets. In this regard, we also look into improving the efficiency of quality metrics using various approximation techniques. However the trade-off is that consumers will not get the exact quality value, but a very close estimate which anyway provides the required guidance towards fitness for use.
The central point of this thesis is not on data quality improvement, nonetheless, we still need to understand what data quality means to the consumers who are searching for potential datasets. This thesis looks into the challenges faced to detect quality problems in linked datasets presenting quality results in a standardised machine-readable and interoperable format for which agents can make sense out of to help human consumers identifying the fitness for use dataset. Our proposed approach is more consumer-centric where it looks into (1) making the assessment of quality as easy as possible, that is, allowing stakeholders, possibly non-experts, to identify and easily define quality metrics and to initiate the assessment; and (2) making results (quality metadata and quality reports) easy for stakeholders to understand, or at least interoperable with other systems to facilitate a possible data quality pipeline. Finally, our framework is used to assess the quality of a number of heterogeneous (large) linked datasets, where each assessment returns a quality metadata graph that can be consumed by agents as Linked Data. In turn, these agents can intelligently interpret a dataset's quality with regard to multiple dimensions and observations, and thus provide further insight to consumers regarding its fitness for use.


text:
Troopers investigate deadly semi-truck crash involving a cow
LAKE PLACID, Fla. - A Lake Placid man is dead after the semi-truck he was driving crashed into a cow, troopers said.
According to Florida Highway Patrol troopers, 42-year-old Kenny Lee Jenkins was heading west on State Road 70 approaching County Road 29 in Highlands County around 11: 50 p.m. Sunday.
Investigators said the front right of the semi-tractor crashed into a cow in the roadway. The semi redirected and collided into a guardrail, barb wire fence and a tree.
Officials said Jenkins was ejected from the vehicle. They said he was not wearing a seatbelt.
Troopers said the cow died following the crash.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Misha Grewal, née le , est une joueuse professionnelle de squash représentant l'Inde. Elle atteint, en , la  place mondiale sur le circuit international, son meilleur classement

Elle est championne d'Inde à 4 reprises consécutivement de 1992 à 1995 succédant à la légendaire Bhuvneshwari Kumari qui régnait depuis 1976 sans interruption.

Biographie
Son père, Ajit Growal, était un joueur de tennis et également le chef des opérations bancaires de Citibank en Inde. Elle devient la première joueuse indienne à devenir professionnelle. De 1994 à 1998, elle est élue au bureau de l'association internationale des joueuses de squash, première indienne à siéger.

Elle est mariée avec Ashish Soni, styliste de mode indien réputé.

Palmarès

Titres
 Championnats d'Inde : 4 titres (1992-1995)

Finales
 Championnats d'Asie : 1996

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Équipe d'Inde féminine de squash

Liens externes

Championne d'Inde de squash
Naissance en mai 1970
Lieu de naissance inconnu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Q: What's the most efficient way to go about writing a complex content filter? A short while ago, I asked a fairly lengthy question regarding a content filter for my website. The post can be found here, please feel free to have a read at your own leisure.
I've accepted @DampeS8N 's answer because he answered well and sent me in the right direction.
Unfortunately, the outcome of said question was that the content filter I'm using is simply too inefficient to run in the context of my application.
Here's the information:

*

*I have ~2000+ glossary terms* and ~1200+ species profiles**

*The titles (glossary entry) or scientific names (species profiles) of these posts make up the search terms for the filter

*I'd like to filter the contents of my species profiles (preferably upon save, but it could be done with a cron job) to search for the above search terms and replace them with links to the relevant glossary entries or species profiles

* A glossary entry can be found here.

An example list of glossary entries may be, caudal fin, dorsal,
  filter, etc.

** A species profile can be found here.

An example list of species may be, Apistogramma panduro, A.
  panduro, Dario dario, D. dario, Betta sp. 'Maha Chai' etc.

Here's the problem:

*

*My CMS is driven by WordPress. This isn't specifically relevant to this post, other than to understand the structure of my species profiles.

*My species profiles are made of up some basic information stored in the wp_posts table, then additional information stored in the wp_postmeta table.

*Most of the information in my species profiles are stored in a number of meta fields, which are entries into the wp_postmeta table. This can be seen below.

http://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/puntius-sahyadriensis/

wp_postmeta
INSERT INTO `wp_postmeta` (`meta_id`, `post_id`, `meta_key`, `meta_value`) VALUES
(104395, 2288, 'genus', 'Puntius'),
(104396, 2288, 'species', 'sahyadriensis'),
(104397, 2288, 'family', 'Cyprinidae'),
(104398, 2288, 'common_names', ''),
(104399, 2288, 'distribution', 'Endemic to streams of the Yenna river basin close to the city of Mahabaleshwar in the Western Ghats mountain range, Satara district, Maharashtra state, India.'),
(104400, 2288, 'habitat', 'The river Yenna flows through lush evergreen forest meaning the hill streams in which the fish can be found are likely to be shaded by the forest canopy and dense marginal vegetation. Substrates should be composed of boulders, smaller stones, sand or gravel with submerged tree roots around the margins and quieter areas in which fallen branches and leaf litter collect. As with similar members of the genus it is likely to congregate in backwater pools or deeper areas with lower flow.'),
(104402, 2288, 'max_size', 'Around 2.75"/7cm.'),
(104403, 2288, 'aquarium_size', 'It is an active species and a tank measuring at least 36" x 12" x 12"/90cm x 30cm x 30cm/85 litres is needed to house a group.'),
(104404, 2288, 'maintenance', 'Choice of decor is not as critical as water quality and the amount of swimming-space provided. We suggest keeping it in a roomy, well-planted aquarium or alternatively it would look superb in a set-up designed to resemble a flowing river with a substrate of variably-sized rocks and gravel and some large water-worn boulders. A rivertank manifold could also be constructed to provide naturalistic unidirectional flow. The tank can be further furnished with driftwood branches and aquatic plants for aesthetic value. While the vast majority of plant species will fail to thrive in such conditions possibilities include hardy species such as Java fern, Bolbitis or Anubias species which can be grown attached to the decor. Like many other species that hail from pristine natural environments it is intolerant to the accumulation of organic wastes and requires spotless water at all times in order to thrive.'),
(104405, 2288, 'water_chemistry', 'Temperature: Prefers slightly cool conditions within the range 20 - 24°C/68 - 75°C. Higher temperatures are known to stimulate spawning with an associated increase of aggression in males.\r\n\r\npH: 6.8 - 7.8\r\n\r\nHardness: 5 - 15°H'),
(104406, 2288, 'diet', 'Likely to feed on small invertebrates, algae and other zooplankton in nature. In the aquarium it will accept dried foods of a suitable size but should not be fed these exclusively. Daily meals of small live and frozen fare such as Daphnia, Artemia and suchlike will result in the best colouration and encourage the fish to come into breeding condition.'),
(104407, 2288, 'behaviour', 'Not an aggressive fish but best kept with other hillstream-dwelling species such as Danio, Devario, other small Puntius, Garra and balitorid loaches. That said provided its oxygen and temperature requirements can be met it can be mixed with most peaceful fish too large to be considered food. A biotope-style community based around species from hill streams of the Western Ghats would also make an interesting project with Puntius filamentosus, P. fasciatus, P. narayani, P. ticto, Barilius bakeri, B. canarensis, Devario aequipinnatus, D. malabaricus, Rasbora daniconius, Laubuca laubuca, Nemacheilus rupelli, Mesonemacheilus triangularis and M. guentheri among the numerous suitable species available in the trade at times.\r\n\r\nIt''s a shoaling species by nature and really should be kept in a group of at least 8-10 specimens. Maintaining it in decent numbers will not only make the fish less nervous but will result in a more effective, natural-looking display while allowing individuals some respite from the vigorous alpha male(s). Males will also display their best colours and some interesting behaviour as they compete with one other for female attention. In particular the dominant individual in a given group will develop some stunning colouration.'),
(104408, 2288, 'dimorphism', 'The male is noticeably slimmer and more brightly coloured than the female especially when the fish are in spawning condition. Most notably the body colouration is more intense, ventral fins tipped with white, other finnage redder and prominent tubercules develop around the snout and head in sexually mature specimens.'),
(104409, 2288, 'reproduction', 'We''re not sure if it has been bred in the hobby although it should certainly be possible. Like most cyprinids this species is an egg-scattering, continuous spawner that exhibits no parental care. That is to say when the fish are in good condition they will spawn often and in a well-furnished, mature aquarium it is feasible that small numbers of fry may start to appear without human intervention.\r\n\r\nHowever if you want to increase the yield of fry a slightly more controlled approach is required and we suggest using an approach that has proven successful for similar members of the genus as a starting point. The adult group can still be conditioned together but one or more small, say 18" x 10" x 10"/45cm x 25cm x 25cm/29.5 litre containers should also be set up and half-filled with water. These should be very dimly lit with the base either left bare or covered with some kind of mesh of a large enough grade so that any eggs that fail to adhere to the plant can pass through but small enough so that the adults cannot reach them. The widely available plastic ''grass''-type matting can also be used and works very well. A decent-sized clump of Java moss or other fine-leaved plant should also be added filling perhaps half the available space. The water should be around neutral pH, gH <8, with a slightly raised temperature of 75 - 80°F. A small air-powered sponge filter bubbling away very gently is all that is needed in terms of filtration.\r\n\r\nWhen the adult fish are well-conditioned and the females appear full of eggs a single pair should then be introduced to each container. If conditions are to their liking they should spawn the following morning. Be sure to provide plenty of cover for the female as the male may be quite aggressive in his pursuit of her. In some cases she might even require a period of post-spawning rehabilitation in a tank that does not contain any males.\r\n\r\nThe adults will eat the eggs given the chance and should be removed as soon as any are noticed. Incubation in Puntius eggs is temperature-dependant to an extent but usually takes between 20 and 48 hours with the young free-swimming 24 to 48 hours later. Initial food should be Paramecium or similar introducing Artemia nauplii and/or microworm once the fry are large enough to accept them.'),
(104410, 2288, 'misc_notes', 'This beautiful species is not often seen in the hobby, presumably as a result of its limited distribution, and tends to command a relatively high price when available. It may be seen on sale under the trade names ''Maharaja'' or ''Khavli'' barb.\r\n\r\nThe genus Puntius is currently viewed as something of a catch-all for well over 100 species of small cyprinid. Most experts agree that a full revision is required, with the likely outcome that many species will be placed into new or different genera. When describing the genus in 1822, Hamilton identified the defining characteristics as: "absence or presence of maxillary only or rostral and maxillary barbels; dorsal fin with last simple ray serrate or entire, branched rays usually 8; anal fin with last simple ray entire, branched rays usually 5; lateral line complete or incomplete, lateral-line scales 17-36 in row; cephalic cutaneous papillae minute or absent; pharyngeal teeth in 3 rows, usually 2,3,5/5,3,2; colour pattern extremely variable." All the species currently in the genus are native to Southeast Asia, India and Sri Lanka.\r\n\r\nThe other main source of confusion with Puntius is that some authors do not recognise all the member species as such, rather following Walter Rainboth (1996) and preferring to place some into the alternative genus Systomus. Rainboth proposed that Systomus should be reinstated (it was first erected in the 19th century) as a valid genus on account of the fact that in its current state Puntius would seem to constitute a polyphyletic grouping i.e. not all of its members appear to have descended from the same common ancestor. The defining characteristics of a Systomus species are (according to Rainboth) a serrated (vs. smooth in Puntius) dorsal spine, the presence of 2 or 4 barbels (vs. always 2) and less than 12 gill rakers (vs. 12-20). SF tentatively lists all species as Puntius at present.'),
(167927, 2288, 'etymology', ''),
(104421, 2288, 'attached_media', 'a:4:{i:0;s:5:"22881";i:1;s:5:"22882";i:2;s:5:"22883";i:3;s:5:"22884";}'),
(150578, 2288, 'references', 'a:2:{i:0;a:5:{s:13:"ref_doc_title";s:67:"Assemblage structure of stream fishes in the Western Ghats (India).";s:12:"ref_pub_year";s:0:"";s:13:"ref_page_nums";s:5:"1-31.";s:14:"ref_publishers";s:17:"Hydrobiologia 430";s:11:"ref_authors";s:19:"Arunachalam M. 2000";}i:1;a:5:{s:13:"ref_doc_title";s:0:"";s:12:"ref_pub_year";s:0:"";s:13:"ref_page_nums";s:0:"";s:14:"ref_publishers";s:16:"www.fishbase.org";s:11:"ref_authors";s:0:"";}}'),
(167925, 2288, '_edit_lock', '1341244017:4'),
(167928, 2288, 'species_author', 'Silas'),
(167929, 2288, 'year_described', '1953'),
(167930, 2288, 'beginner_suitability', '3'),
(167931, 2288, 'type_of_fish', '2')

wp_posts
INSERT INTO `wp_posts` (`ID`, `post_author`, `post_date`, `post_date_gmt`, `post_content`, `post_title`, `post_excerpt`, `post_status`, `comment_status`, `ping_status`, `post_password`, `post_name`, `to_ping`, `pinged`, `post_modified`, `post_modified_gmt`, `post_content_filtered`, `post_parent`, `guid`, `menu_order`, `post_type`, `post_mime_type`, `comment_count`) VALUES
(2288, 4, '2012-03-13 13:24:32', '2012-03-13 13:24:32', '', 'Puntius sahyadriensis', 'This beautiful species is not often seen in the hobby, presumably as a result of its limited distribution, and tends to command a relatively high price when available. It may be seen on sale under the trade names 'Maharaja' or 'Khavli' barb.\r\n\r\nThe genus Puntius is currently viewed as something of a catch-all for well over 100 species of small cyprinid. Most experts agree that a full revision is required, with the likely outcome that many species will be placed into new or di...', 'publish', 'open', 'open', '', 'puntius-sahyadriensis', '', '', '2012-07-02 16:48:43', '2012-07-02 15:48:43', '', 0, 'http://www.seriouslyfish.com/?post_type=species&p=2288', 0, 'species', '', 0);

As you can see, the content of the species profiles is incredibly lengthy. Hopefully this will also show you the kind of link I'd like to use to get my pop-ups:
native

My problem is this: the filter I'm running at the moment, the details of which can be found in the first linked post, or directly here for my filter.php file, simply isn't efficient enough to work with this many database fields and this much information.
The filter did work when I first started using our new WordPress-driven CMS, as I ran it on a localhost WAMP install when I imported the data. It took nearly 40 minutes to run through all of the data.

My tl;dr question is this: how can I go about creating an efficient content filter, considering the quantity of data and number of database fields?

A: Here's another thought, do the markup on the client.
Extract the taxonomies as text files and cache the "transform terms".
guppie
salmon

Have JS go through them as the reader is reading the page and rewrite the urls;
guppie and a salmon

There must be more on the net about this method since an old discussion I once had here.
I also stumbled across this tut on WP Custom Taxonomies which might be relevant to your case.

A: Have you considered a Ternary Search Tree?
This is the data structure I favour when facing the problem of "find x number of words in text mass y".
Example tree built (fin, filter, caudal, gal, gaudy):
        f
       /|\
caudal* i ga
        |  |
        n* l*
       /    \
    lter*    udy*

* = end node

And the algorithm will be along the lines of:

*

*Begin word to match at root node.

*As long as current position matches move down.

*If current position < node. Move left.

*If current position > node. Move right.

*If word is finished and node is end node. Word found.

*If move left/right not possible or word ends in non-end node. Word not found.

Here's a good example.
The advantage is that the tree can be pre-calculated and stored away in some serialized form. It's often even possible to either build or transfer a pre-built tree to the client and do the matching in the browser.

A: Database Structure
wp_postmeta (meta_id, post_id, meta_key, meta_value)
wp_glossary (glossary_id, glossary_key, glossary_value)
wp_relation (meta_id, glossary_id)

wp_relation stores relation between wp_glossary and wp_postmeta. The following is example of a wp_postmeta's entry:

Maintenance
Tank should be well planted with floating plants also used. An
  abundance of hiding places should be provided as this species likes to
  hide away during the day. Bogwood, rock caves and PVC piping are all
  suitable for this purpose. Sand should be used as substrate as the
  spiny eels often like to bury themselves. Dimmer lighting will
  encourage the fish to venture from its hiding places more often. A
  close-fitting hood is required as the eel can find its way through the
  smallest of gaps. Water flow should be fairly gentle as the fish
  mainly inhabits areas of still water in the wild.

The following is example of wp_glossary's entries
glossary_id | glossary_key | glossary_value
         101   tank           ......
         102   species        ......
         103   bogwood        ......
         104   sand           ......
         105   substrate      ......

The following is example of how wp_relation hold the relation of glossary and postmeta. Assuming the above postmeta's id is 405
glossary_id | meta_id
         101   405
         102   405
         103   405
         104   405
         105   405

Output Profile
Once you can maintain above database structure, you can easily construct glossary link for each wp_postmeta by searching id of wp_postmeta's entry in wp_relation. Then, using str_replace to fill link to your content.
To increase performance, you can cache the result content in HTML. Set expire of cache to 1 or 2 days (depend on how often you update your glossary and your site traffic). You can use memcached, file or database to store your cache.

Maintain Database Structure
The most difficult task is maintain our database relationship. There are two major actions that alter the database relationship.
Alter Glossary

*

*Add New Glossary: Search through wp_postmeta and construct relation.

*Remove Glossary: Delete all relation between this glossary and other wp_postmeta

*Edit Glossary: It is combination of remove glossary and add new glossary.

Alter Postmeta

*

*Add/Edit Postmeta: Reconstruct relation between glossary and its content. Below is algorithm that can be used to construct relation. I believe there are other better ways to do it. The code is not complete (I haven't tested it yet), but it is enough for you to understand the algorithm.
// Initialize text to add glossary link
$desc = "Tank should be well planted with floating plants also used.
        An abundance of hiding places should be provided as this species
        likes to hide away during the day. Bogwood, rock caves and PVC
        piping are all suitable for this purpose. Sand should be used as
        substrate as the spiny eels often like to bury themselves.
        Dimmer lighting will encourage the fish to venture from
        its hiding places more often. A close-fitting hood is required
        as the eel can find its way through the smallest of gaps. Water
        flow should be fairly gentle as the fish mainly inhabits
        areas of still water in the wild.";

// Split text into list of words
$split = preg_split("/[.,\s]+/", $desc);

// Frequency English words
$freq['will'] = true;
$freq['also'] = true;
$freq['with'] = true;
$freq['about'] = true;
$freq['back'] = true;
$freq['been'] = true;
$freq['were'] = true;
$freq['want'] = true;

// Get list of unqiue word and elimate unnessary words
foreach($split as $value) {
    $value = strtolower($value);

    if (strlen($value) < 4) continue;
    if (is_numeric($value)) continue;
    if (isset($freq[$value])) continue;

    if (!isset($hash[$value])) $hash[$value] = true;
}

// Join the list for search
$keys = "";
foreach ($hash as $key => $value)
    $keys .= "^{$key}|";
$keys = rtrim($keys, '|');

// Search for list of glossary
$glossary;
$result = mysql_query("SELECT glossary_id,glossary_key FROM wp_glossary  WHERE gossary_key REGEXP '{$keys}'")
if ($result) {
    while($row = mysql_fetch_row($result)) {
        if (strpos($desc, $row[1]) !== false)
            $glossary[$row[0]] = $row[1];
    }
}

// You can start to construct the relation from this $glossary
// by loop throught it one by one and insert it into wp_relation
print_r($glossary);

*Remove Postmeta : Remove relation between this postmeta and glossary.

Extra Benefits
Lets say that you to find which species profile that use glossary "bogwood". You can easily track it via wp_relation.

Questions

1. Firstly, how will a str_replace affect my species profiles which have existing code in them, i.e. a href or img code?

It does not affect your species profiles if there is no a link to glossary and species name.

2. Secondly, you've mentioned the glossary entries but not the slightly more complex species genus/species names. Would I use a separate table for those, or incorporate it all into one?

You can have separate table to store relation between species name and postmeta or you can simply treat species names as glossary term with special flag (which need to change how glossary is structured)

3. How would I then specify the difference (different class in the a tag) between glossary entries and species profiles?

Answered is depended on which method you use for your second questions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Our Shiraz is a dark ruby red along with violet hue which expresses classic varietal characters of dark plum, cherries, toffee and spices.
The fruits and sweet spicy flavors are from oak aging barrels adding length and structure.
Panang curry, beef or pork basil, Red Curry and Meat dishes.
Winemaking: 50% Thermovinification method, 50% Traditional skin maceration starting with 15C to max 27C. Post-maceration 3-5 days. Malolactic Fermentation, micro-oxygenation and aged in oak barrels of different sizes – 225 liter, 500 liter, 1000 liter and 2000 liter.


Upgrading your GPU doesn't have to be hard.
We've been there: a new game to comes out and your trusty dusty old PC isn't up to snuff, giving you a slideshow rather than a smooth experience. It's time to upgrade, but keeping up with current technology trends is daunting. This 'idiot's guide' will walk through the process of checking your system hardware, determining how powerful your graphics card should be, setting a budget, and ultimately selecting your next graphics card.
CPU-Z will tell you almost everything you need to know about your hardware.
You can see what CPU you're using, the motherboard, amount of system memory, and other details, which are all useful things. If you're using an Intel processor, head over to Intel's ARK and type in the processor name, and that will tell you when your processor came out. For example, the Core i7-4702QM in the above system (a laptop) came out in Q2'13. For AMD processors, head over to Wikipedia, where you can quickly find the release dates for all the FX series CPUs; APUs like the A8-3870K are in a separate APU list.
The tricky part is in figuring out how old a system is 'too old' to warrant upgrading your graphics card. Some budget PCs from a few years ago might struggle, while others would be fine. One place to start is Futuremark's hardware database, where you can pretty quickly find results for most processors; it's not necessarily an exact science, but anything that has a CPU score below 3000 is due for replacement, below 4000 is questionable, and 5000 and above should be okay.
The tricky part is in figuring out how old a system is 'too old' to warrant upgrading.
There are other factors to consider—how much memory you have, your power supply, the size of your case, and what type of monitor you're using. You'll want at least 8GB of system memory—DDR2, DDR3, or DDR4 doesn't matter so much as capacity—and 16GB is more than sufficient for any current games. A quick rule of thumb is that you should have twice as much system memory as your graphics card has VRAM, so a 4GB graphics card means you'd want 8GB or more system memory, and an 8GB card ideally would have 16GB of system memory. There's technically nothing stopping you from using an 8GB card with 8GB of RAM, though.
For the power supply, you'll need something capable of running whatever new GPU you're planning to buy. Mostly, that means having enough 8-pin or 6-pin connectors for your graphics card. If you're using a PC that doesn't have any PCI-Express Graphics (PEG) connectors, you should get a new PSU, if not a new PC. The easy path is to just have a decent 80 Plus Bronze PSU rated at 500W or higher with two or more 8-pin PEG connectors and you should be set.
Big graphics cards like the Zotac Amp! Extreme require equally large cases.
Last, check to make sure your case has sufficient space and cooling. If you're eyeing something like the Zotac GTX 1080 Amp Extreme, you should have an equally massive case. Pull out a tape measure and see how much room you have—or if you're upgrading from an existing graphics card, just measure that. Most graphics cards are around 10 inches long at most, but some custom models with the triple-fan coolers from Asus, Gigabyte, MSI, Zotac, and others can be up to 12.5 inches long. Shorter 'mini-ITX' models of many GPUs are available for smaller cases. For cooling, if you only have one or two small case fans, a blower-style graphics card is generally a better idea than an open-air cooler.
If you're running a PC from six or more years ago, I hate to be the bearer of bad news, but you should probably consider a full system upgrade. That's not to say every older PC should be tossed into the dustbin of technology. I looked at a seven-year-old i7-920 last year and found it was only 10-25 percent slower than a state-of-the-art system in games, but that was a top-end old system that once cost $2000. If you started with a midrange or budget build, it won't hold up nearly as well.
If you're upgrading an existing PC, determine what that hardware is actually worth. You can look at eBay's 'sold auctions' if you need to get an estimate. There's fuzzy math involved, but I don't recommend spending more on a graphics upgrade than the worth of the rest of your PC as a general rule. If you want to get a high-end GPU ($500/£450+), you should probably be running some form of Core i7 processor, or at least an overclocked Core i5. For a mainstream GPU ($200/£175), just about any system less than six years old will suffice.
Building a new PC is different, since the cost of all the other parts will generally be higher. Most people don't use premium unleaded gasoline in their family wagon, and it would be odd to pair a budget processor with a high-end graphics card. I suggest keeping the cost of your graphics card at roughly one-third the price of your PC's hardware (not including monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers, or OS). If you look at our PC build guides, we almost unconsciously follow this rule. Our budget, midrange, and high-end builds all allocate around 30 percent of the total cost to the graphics card.
Buying a good card today means you shouldn't need to upgrade again for a couple of generations.
You also need a general idea of the graphics settings you want to run, meaning the resolution and quality. The resolution should be your display's native resolution, and if you're buying new hardware, I'd shoot for at least high quality if not ultra settings. Medium quality usually looks decent and might help you keep costs down, but buying a card that only handles current games at medium quality means you're only a year or two away from another upgrade. Buying a good card today means you shouldn't need to upgrade again for a couple of generations, maybe more if you stretch things (e.g., by lowering the resolution and/or graphics quality).
For graphics settings, higher resolutions mean more pixels, and more pixels means lower performance. In general, you'll need about 30 percent more graphics performance to handle 1440p compared to 1080p, and about 70 percent more performance to go from 1440p to 4K.
You can offset that by lowering quality settings, though the impact varies greatly by game. Some games (like Doom) don't show much of a difference in performance or appearance going from medium to high to ultra settings; in others (e.g., Rise of the Tomb Raider) the performance difference can be huge. On average, dropping from ultra to high quality improves frame rates by around 50 percent, and going from high to medium will add another 50 percent.
Combining those estimates, a graphics card that runs 1080p ultra settings should also handle 1440p at high quality and 4K at low-to-medium quality. Compared to 1080p medium, you'll also need about three times as much graphics performance to run 1440p ultra.
Doom frame rates don't benefit a lot from lowering the graphics quality.
Why should you buy a new graphics card? The short answer is that you want to play games, and your current graphics card isn't doing the job well enough. Forget the hardware for a moment; if you're playing games on your PC and having fun, there's little reason to buy a new GPU. Buy a new graphics card when that ceases to be true.
When should you buy a new graphics card? Waiting around for the 'perfect' deal on a new graphics card is boring, and you won't usually see massive short-term sales, so Black Friday isn't necessarily a great time to upgrade. Instead, I find it's better to upgrade not too long after major GPU launches. That means right now is an excellent time to buy, since Nvidia's 10-series cards and AMD's RX 400 series have both been out a few months, and stock and availability have stabilized. Pricing will be a slow downward trend going forward, and the new cards should last a long time.
Waiting for the perfect deal on a new graphics card is boring.
Consider Nvidia's GTX 970 (two years old) and AMD's R9 290X (three years old) were both high-end cards that continue to run any current game, though not at maximum quality. Waiting a year or two might save you money, but if you can't run the games you want to play right now, waiting around won't change that. Conversely, the worst time to buy a new graphics card is right before a newer product launches. AMD's Vega and Nvidia's GTX 1080 Ti are still waiting in the wings, but both will be very expensive, meaning they shouldn't impact the budget and mainstream markets too much, thought high-end and extreme buyers might consider waiting.
Where should you buy your next graphics card? The easy answer is to shop online, because prices are almost always lower. As an example, GTX 1070 online goes for $400 at Newegg, $410 at Amazon.com, but in my case it's about $500 locally. For people in the UK, online orders from Amazon are a good option, but Overclockers.co.uk and Scan.co.uk often have better prices. Not everyone is better off shopping online, however. Microcenter locations offer some very good prices, and if you have a good computer hardware store close by, consider yourself lucky. What's great about buying local is if something goes wrong, you may be able to get a faster replacement or refund rather than dealing with return shipping and potentially waiting a week or two.
Your PC is ready, you know how much you're willing to spend, and now it's time to pick the best graphics card for you. While it's impossible to cover every possible hardware configuration, let's talk about the major choices.
First, who is better, AMD or Nvidia? There's no definitive answer. Nvidia has more market share, their 10-series parts are fast and efficient, and they put out consistent driver updates. GeForce Experience is also better (IMO) than AMD's Gaming Evolved app. AMD often has lower prices, though the RX 470/480 end up slightly behind the GTX 1060 3GB/6GB. AMD's Crimson drivers have done well since the first release last year, and DirectX 12 (and Vulkan) so far have been more beneficial for AMD than Nvidia.
Based on performance and features, I'd give Nvidia the lead over AMD, but that could change with either price cuts or new hardware—both of which are inevitable. As noted above, we're still waiting to see AMD's high-end play, with RX 470/480 being mainstream parts. Vega is due out later this year (or early 2017), and it could tip the balance back into AMD's favor. For the recommendations below, I'll include both AMD and Nvidia cards (where applicable).
The RX 460 is affordable, but don't expect it to handle high resolutions and max quality settings.
Budget-minded gamers should be gunning for 1080p medium or high in most games, and they'll want something at or above the level of a GTX 750 Ti / R7 250X. AMD's RX 460 is affordable, starting at $110/£100 for the 2GB card and $130/£120 for 4GB models, with performance similar to the GTX 750 Ti. As an added bonus, the 750 Ti and RX 460 can work without a 6-pin power connector (though some models may still use one). The GTX 950 is the next step up, and it's around 30 percent faster for a similar increase in price. Don't be surprised when you encounter games that struggle on these GPUs, as they're the minimum I'd even consider.
The GTX 1060 currently rules the mainstream market.
Most people aim to play at 1080p on high or ultra settings. This middle tier is also the most competitive, with the RX 470 4GB and GTX 1060 3GB both available for around $200/£170. They'll easily more than double (sometimes triple) the performance of the budget 750 Ti or RX 460. Compared to the previous generation (R9 380 and GTX 960), they're a solid 30-40 percent faster at roughly the same price. You could also go for the GTX 1060 6GB or RX 470 8GB, or the RX 480 8GB, which start at $250-$270/£210-£230. The added memory should prove beneficial as games continue to push the limits of graphics fidelity.
For high-end gaming at 1440p high/ultra, prices take a significant jump. The best card overall is the GTX 1070, which starts at around $400/£370. Performance is similar to the previous generation GTX 980 Ti, which is being phased out since it costs more and uses more power while delivering slightly lower performance. If you want an AMD alternative, the R9 Fury is available starting at $310/£290, or you can still find a liquid-cooled R9 Fury X for $390, though in the UK it's not worth the current £480 asking price. Both cards require substantially more power than the GTX 1070 and have half the VRAM, which is why many AMD fans are anxiously awaiting Vega parts.
Everybody wants a GTX 1080, but the price barrier is very high.
For extreme gaming enthusiasts the choice comes down to this: Will a single GTX 1080 suffice, or do you want to go for 2-way SLI? A single 1080 can handle 4K high at 60 fps in most games, and sometimes 4K ultra, but there are times when it falls short. If you simply must have 60+ fps at 4K (or 5K even)—maybe you're trying to build your own Dream Machine/Large Pixel Collider—a pair of GTX 1070 cards is the 'moderate' route, while dual 1080s or the new Titan X push into obscene territory.
Installing a new graphics card usually isn't difficult, but there are a few things you can do to make it easier. First, I like to clean out all the old graphics drivers before an upgrade, and Display Driver Uninstaller works fine (the free version). You can use the AMD or Nvidia uninstaller if you prefer, but I've found those can leave some 'crumbs' in the form of files and registry settings. When DDU is finished, shut down your PC, flip the power switch off, get grounded (tbh, I never use a grounding strap), and the swap out your graphics card.
If you've planned appropriately, it should be a relatively painless process—and while you're changing graphics cards, clean the fans and filters, because the dust bunnies have been breeding. Boot up and install the latest AMD or Nvidia drivers, then run some games and verify everything is working as expected. If you encounter any problems along the way, drop me a line or leave a comment and I'll try to help.
Someone brought me this system that was overheating. Don't treat your PC like this!
The only constant in life is change, and nowhere is that more apparently in the computer industry than in the world of graphics cards. This is by far the most interesting and competitive market segment, and each generation brings real improvements in performance and features. GPUs are also becoming increasingly potent at handling non-gaming tasks, including artificial intelligence and scientific research. The result can be a breakneck pace that's hard to maintain, and unfortunately it also means hardware gets outdated more frequently.
A good CPU from four or five years ago like the i7-2600K is still doing okay, whereas even the fastest single-GPU graphics card from the same era (GTX 580 or HD 6970) now struggles at times while using more power than a GTX 1080. Don't upgrade just for the sake of upgrading, but when it's time, don't be afraid to pop out the old and join the modern GPU era.


Motel Skiing school dardani is located in Bogë, in Kosovo and it is next to the ski lift. This motel has licenced skiing trainers and skiing/snowboarding supplies. Rooms at Motel Skiing school dardani in Kosovo are warm with great view of the mountains around.
Rooms have central heating, AC, TV, bathroom.
Choosing to accommodate at Motel Skiing School Dardani in Kosovo you will be able to enjoy the mountains of Rugova along with hiking, skiing, snowboarding, etc.


text:
Junior Foreign Service Officers Pay Courtesy Call on SFA and Undersecretary for Administration
The junior Foreign Service Officers during the Courtesy Call on the Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Hon. Albert F. Del Rosario (center), together with Chief Coordinator Ma. Theresa B. Dizon-De Vega (left from center), FSI Director-General Claro S. Cristobal (third from center), and Human Resources Management Office (HRMO) Executive Director Mr. Mardomel Celo D. Melicor
The twenty-two (22) new Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) currently undergoing the FSO Cadetship Course (FSOCC), and nine (9) taking their on-the-job training at the different Offices in the Department, paid a courtesy call on the Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Hon. Albert F. del Rosario on February 2, 2016 at the Carlos P. Garcia Conference Room.
The latest batch of FSOs introduced themselves and responded to the questions given by SFA del Rosario: "Why did you join the DFA?" and "What can you contribute to the Department?"
The call ended with a message from the Secretary, "In order to serve your people, be flexible, keep an open mind, don't be satisfied with your degrees, keep pushing yourselves, get PhDs, reach beyond your grasp. And only then when you keep challenging yourselves, it will prepare you, you will feel better, and it will reward you."
On January 26, 2016, Undersecretary for Administration, Hon. Linglingay F. Lacanlale welcomed the junior FSOs at the DFA during the Courtesy Call and shared her life and experiences in the foreign service. The thirty-one (31) young officers learned about family and work–life balance, mentoring and coaching.
The junior FSOs during the Courtesy Call on the Undersecretary for Administration, Hon. Linglingay F. Lacanlale (seated, center), with HRMO Assistant Secretary Noel M. Servigon (standing, second from right), FSI Director-General Claro S. Cristobal (standing, third from right), and FSI Deputy Director-General Julio S. Amador III (standing, second from left)


text:
National Day of Mourning Declared for Victims of Ethiopian Airlines Flight ET 302
Yesterday, at approximately 08:44am local time, (05:44 GMT) an Ethiopian Airlines aircraft Boeing 737-800MAX, flight ET 302 en route from Addis Ababa Bole International Airport to Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in Nairobi, tragically crashed.
In the hours that followed, Ethiopian Airlines Group CEO, Tewolde GebreMariam confirmed that none of the flight's 149 passengers and 8 crew members had survived the accident. Of the passengers representing 35 nationalities onboard flight ET 302, we have, unfortunately, learned that 32 Kenyan, 18 Canadian, 9 Ethiopian and 7 British citizens were among the deceased. A full list of nationalities of the deceased can be found on Ethiopian Airlines' website.
At this time, we wish to extend our deepest sympathies to all the families and friends of those who have passed away.
While the forensic investigation into the accident continues on the ground, Ethiopian Airlines have contacted the families of the victims to inform them of the tragic accident and have also established a call centre for emergencies and information. They can be reached on the following numbers:
+251 11 5 17 87 33 +251 11 5 17 89 45
British Nationals can also contact the Foreign Office on +44 207 008 1500 or the British Embassy in Addis Ababa on +251 116 170 100.
Meanwhile, the Ethiopian House of People's Representatives (HoPR) has since declared Monday 11thMarch 2019 a national day of mourning for the victims of the accident. All flags at Ethiopian government institutions, including the Embassy in London, will be flown at half-mast as an expression of public sorrow.
A book of condolence has also been opened at the Embassy of Ethiopia (17 Princes Gate, SW7 1PZ) from 11th– 12thMarch from 10:00am – 17:00. Alternatively, a digital book of condolence at condolences@ethioembassy.org.uk is available for members of the public to submit their messages by email.
The Embassy will continue to share further information on the incident as and when it is made available via our website and social media pages.
Angela Kolongo | PR and Communications Officer | Ethiopian Embassy
E: press@ethioembassy.org.uk| T: 020 7838 3883
Ethiopian Airlines: Twitter| Facebook
Ethiopian Embassy London: Twitter| Facebook
British Embassy Addis Ababa: Twitter| Facebook


The Sudati Group exercises its social responsibility through environmental education and community actions that promote the development of the mankind.
Sudati Group's commitment to social development is not timely: in addition to the projects, the search for intellectual development and preparation for professional and personal advances are constantly regarded inside and outside the organization.
One of Sudati Group´s major concerns is the maintenance of the environment. Recycling campaigns, sustainable management, responsibility for the use of natural resources and rigorous processes to the excelence in production are examples of the company´s environmental actions.
The company also promotes partnerships with small and medium producers through investment and exchange of Technologies.
The Sudati Group firms with its stakeholders the mission be always ahead of the market in environmental issues.


text:
PlentyPass
Football, NBA, NFL, F1, UFC, Boxing Streams
Barcelona Major News on PP
Don't forget to Bookmark this website for future use .. enjoy the game.
If PlentyPass is taking too long to load, you can use 👉 PlentyFoot. com for the meantime ... Cheers!.
CHANNEL 2 (Full HD)
Some iPhone users might see only black screen.. just double tap on it.. it will play.. enjoy
LINK 3 (Mobile Only 1) Follow us on Twitter Join our TELEGRAM Channel HOMEPAGE
The Barca Quick Facts
As a fan, you of course will know that Barcelona is renowned for its historically skillful and attractive brand of attacking football that places an emphasis on flowing, open play. The team is part of a wider sports and social club with thousands of members.
Let's assume you are a Barca fan, then you must know that the club was formed in 1899 by businessman Joan Gamper, who advertised for players in a local Barcelona sports magazine.
Now, most of of the fans all around the world will be looking for Barcelona Football match online on game day, Barca match live today and many more Plentypass always come intact for Barcelona match.
Of course the Club first trophy was the Copa Macaya (Catalan championship) in 1902, and in 1910 "Barça" won the Copa del Rey ("King's Cup")—Spain's leading national football cup competition—for the first time. In total, Barcelona has won 30 Copas del Rey, more than any other team.
Also La Liga that happens to be the top Spanish football league, was actually formed in 1929, and they captured the title in the league's inaugural season.
To add to that, Barcelona won La Liga 26 times and has never been relegated to a lower division. Abroad, Barcelona has won the European Cup Winners' Cup four times, the European Cup/Champions League five times.
Copyright © PlentyPass All rights reserved.


text:
A portrait of power: photographer traces Angela Merkel's ascent in new book and show
When Herlinde Koelbl first photographed her in 1991, Angela Merkel was a political novice. A physicist catapulted into politics by the fall of the Berlin Wall, she had risen through the ranks of the East German Christian Democratic Union to become a protegée of Chancellor Helmut Kohl. He had recently appointed her minister for women and youth in his cabinet."From the beginning, I saw a certain energy and strength in her and thought: 'I want to follow her path in politics,'" Koelbl says. Merkel's inexperience also made her an interesting subject for Koelbl's eight-year project, Traces of Power. Every year, from 1991 to 1998, she photographed and interviewed Merkel. The portraits continued after she became chancellor. The result, now published as a book by Taschen, is a subtly revealing 30-year chronicle of the effects of power on an individual who wields it.Germany's first woman chancellor, Merkel is also the first chancellor to have stepped down before losing an election to make way for a new candidate to represent her party, the CDU. She narrowly missed also beating Kohl's record as the longest-serving chancellor, when the Social Democrats, Green Party and Free Democrats announced their coalition deal earlier this week. Angela Merkel in 1998 © Herlinde KoelblKoelbl was primarily interested in the woman behind the office: what Merkel had to learn and the personal price she paid for power. That is part of the reason, she believes, that Merkel agreed to her project. The interviews are extraordinarily frank for a politician known to guard her privacy—perhaps in part because Koelbl was not working to a daily news schedule and did not plan to publish them for eight years.She took two portraits each time, a head shot and a three-quarter-length standing pose, and avoided any of the trappings of power. The backdrop is a white wall and a simple chair. "Most politicians put on a certain smile when they see a camera," Koelbl says. "I asked her to look at me with a calm, open gaze. Then the posing was gone."The portraits and interviews reveal how Merkel grew in confidence over the years. In 1991, there is a shyness in her upturned gaze to the camera. She modestly, but perhaps realistically, attributes her rapid rise through the ranks of the CDU "to lucky circumstances", especially her East German upbringing."Were I to have grown up in West Germany with the same qualities, it wouldn't have happened to me," she tells Koelbl. The self-critical, analytical approach that helped her to overtake so many more experienced colleagues is also on show: "I'm not yet as hardnosed as someone in politics probably has to be in the long term," she says.Angela Merkel in 2008 © Herlinde KoelblMerkel does not often act on impulse. Instead, "like a chess-player, she holds back, observes and analyses before she acts", Koelbl says. In 1996, when Merkel was serving as environment minister, Koelbl asked her about an altercation over energy policy with Gerhard Schröder, then the governor of the state of Lower Saxony. He had discredited her in public."I told him that someday I will put him in a corner, too," Merkel says. "I still need a little time, but the day will come. I'm looking forward to it."And sure enough, the day came; she replaced him as chancellor in 2005 after winning the election. Like many of her male political rivals, Schröder had underestimated Merkel."Many think I look so friendly, so unassuming, and think one could get the upper hand over me," she told Koelbl. "But it is not quite the way they imagine it. Challenging people is much easier for me than some think."As the years pass, Merkel's gaze becomes more direct, her stance more upright and firm. The joined fingertips in her trademark "Merkel diamond" pose makes its first appearance in a 1998 photograph.She tells Koelbl that because of the constant exposure, she has learned to disguise her emotions: "My biggest worry is that one becomes increasingly reserved," she says. "Today I can hold a steady gaze and not show everyone what I am thinking each moment. People actually do want open, caring, kind politicians, but then again, they don't. They don't want to see it at all when one is afraid or worried, or when one doesn't know something."Angela Merkel with the photographer Herlinde Koelbl © Presse- und Informationsamt der BundesregierungWhile her lack of vanity—unusual for a politician—is often commented on, Merkel admitted in the 1998 interview that "I am apparently really vain enough to be interested in your project," in response to Koelbl's question about whether she had enjoyed the interviews and portraits."In the beginning I found the questions incredibly irritating," Merkel answers. "I rebelled against it and was anything but happy when you were standing at the door again. I thought, 'What is this nonsense? The book won't be published for eight years, one has to appear in the press today.' But then I noticed that suddenly I would ask myself: Was Mrs Koelbl actually here already this year?".Even after 16 years as chancellor, Merkel has managed what many in power do not—to keep her feet firmly on the ground. She still visits her local supermarket to buy groceries. She has made clear that after she steps down, she has no interest in taking high office again any time soon."She might sleep a lot to start with," Koelbl speculates. "But she won't disappear entirely. She is an energetic woman. I can't see her retreating to her dacha full-time."Koelbl thinks she will be missed. "My projects have taken me to many countries, and I am aware of how much Germany's reputation has gained from Angela Merkel and her policies," she says. "Germany is seen as reliable."• Angela Merkel by Herlinde Koelbl was published by Taschen this month. Koelbl's portraits of Merkel will also be exhibited at the Deutsches Historisches Museum in Berlin from 29 April to 4 September 2022
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text:
HANSARD 1803–2005 → People (L)
Mr Edward Litton
Tyrone March 31, 1880 - 1881
First recorded, on May 20, 1880 ADDRESS IN ANSWER TO HER MAJESTY'S MOST GRACIOUS SPEECH. Commons
By year, 125 in total: 1880 1881
Last recorded, on July 13, 1881 ACQUISITION OF LAND BY TENANTS, RE- CLAMATION OF LAND, AND EMIGRATION. Commons
Information presented on this page was prepared from the XML source files, together with information from the History of Parliament Trust, the work of Leigh Rayment and public sources. The means by which names are recognised means that errors may remain in the data presented.


Located in Chinatown, Mount Sinai Doctors Specialty Practice works hard to meet the healthcare needs of the Chinese and nearby communities. Staffed by physicians who are fluent in English, Mandarin, and Cantonese, our team of multidisciplinary doctors offers emotional support and quality medical care, with a significant focus on diseases and disorders most closely associated within the community.
Hematology and Medical Oncology Tuesday (1st and 3rd of the month): 1 - 5 pm.
Appointments for transplantation are available the 1st and 3rd Wednesday and the 2nd and 4th Thursday of the month.
Saturdays (2 times each month): 9 am - 4 pm and by appointment for emergencies.


Hauptwerk's features allow musicians to take advantage of experiencing the most realistic sounding virtual pipe organs, high quality original instruments, and maximum adaptability to the most current as well as older computers and hardware and nearly all digital organ consoles with MIDI output. Hauptwerk is constantly being developed and improved to maintain its status as the world's most advanced virtual pipe organ.
This product includes a USB dongle with a license. To download and install Hauptwerk please visit Hauptwerk Downloads.
Note: Wind modelling is disabled in orders shipping to the USA.


text:
Imperial County är ett administrativt område (county) i delstaten Kalifornien, USA. År 2010 hade Imperial County 174 528 invånare. Den administrativa huvudorten (county seat) är El Centro.

Geografi
Enligt United States Census Bureau har countyt en total area på 11 608 km². 10 812 km² av den arean är land och 795 km² är vatten.

Befolkningstätheten är ca 13 invånare per kvadratkilometer. Countyt utgör ett eget Metropolitan statistical area med El Centro:s urban area som kärnområde.

Angränsande countyn
 Riverside County, Kalifornien - nord
 Yuma County, Arizona - sydost
 La Paz County, Arizona - nordost
 San Diego County, Kalifornien - väst
 gränsar till Mexiko i söder och sydväst

Orter
 Brawley
 Calexico
 Calipatria
 El Centro (huvudort)
 Holtville
 Imperial
 Westmorland

Se även
 Imperial Valley

Källor

Externa länkar

Stater och territorier bildade 1907


text:
Lipid levels and changes in body fat distribution in treatment-naive, HIV-1-Infected adults treated with rilpivirine or Efavirenz for 96 weeks in the ECHO and THRIVE trials. Academic Article
BACKGROUND: Pooled ECHO/THRIVE lipid and body fat data are presented from the ECHO (Efficacy Comparison in Treatment-Naïve, HIV-Infected Subjects of TMC278 and Efavirenz) and THRIVE (TMC278 Against HIV, in a Once-Daily Regimen Versus Efavirenz) trials. METHODS: We assessed the 96-week effects on lipids, adverse events (AEs), and body fat distribution (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) of rilpivirine (RPV) and EFV plus 2 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (N[t]RTIs) in treatment-naive adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). RESULTS: Rilpivirine produced minimal changes in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. Compared with RPV, EFV significantly (P < .001) increased lipid levels. Decreases in the TC/HDL-C ratio were similar with RPV and EFV. Background N[t]RTI affected RPV-induced lipid changes; all levels increased with zidovudine/lamivudine (3TC) and abacavir/3TC (except triglycerides, which were unchanged). With emtricitabine/tenofovir, levels of HDL-C were increased, TC and LDL-C were unchanged, and triglycerides were decreased. With EFV, lipid levels increased in each N[t]RTI subgroup (except triglycerides were unchanged with abacavir/3TC). Fewer (P < .001) RPV-treated patients than EFV-treated patients had TC, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels above National Cholesterol Education Program cutoffs. More RPV- than EFV-treated patients had HDL-C values below these cutoffs (P = .02). Dyslipidemia AEs were less common with RPV than with EFV. Similar proportions of patients had a ≥10% decrease in limb fat (16% with RPV and 17% with EFV). Limb fat was significantly (P < .001) increased to a similar extent (by 12% with RPV and 11% with EFV). At week 96, patients receiving zidovudine/3TC had lost limb fat, and those receiving emtricitabine/tenofovir had gained it. CONCLUSIONS: Over the course of 96 weeks, RPV-based therapy was associated with lower increases in lipid parameters and fewer dyslipidemia AEs than EFV-based treatment. Body fat distribution changes were similar between treatments. The N[t]RTI regimen affected lipid and body fat distribution changes.
Tebas, Pablo
Sension, Michael
Arribas, José
Duiculescu, Dan
Florence, Eric
Hung, Chien-Ching
Vanveggel, Simon
Stevens, Marita
Deckx, Henri
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Journal
Benzoxazines
HIV-1
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Rilpivirine
10.1093/cid/ciu234


Economics and accounting. Studied side-by-side, these two subjects give you the skills and knowledge needed to wrap your head around how companies work from both the inside and outside.
The Economics and Accounting BA will provide you with the opportunity to study two interrelated subjects, providing you with a comprehensive knowledge of the key areas of economics and accounting. You will be introduced to techniques of accounting, such as financial reporting, management accounting, auditing and taxation.
If you choose to take the Economics and Accounting BA you will have the opportunity to gain exemptions from certain professional exams through CIMA, ACCA and ACA (offered by the ICAEW). These exemptions are dependent upon the satisfactory completion of certain modules.
This means that you will have the option to switch to any of our economics BA degrees at the end of your first year.
The Economics and Accounting BA differs from the Economics and Accounting BSc in the topics that you will study, as well as the entry requirements.
A/AS-levels: ABB. Two AS-levels considered in place of one A-level. General Studies or Critical Thinking not included. Own language may be considered.
Access to HE Diploma: Pass relevant Diploma with 45 credits at Level 3, including 30 credits at Distinction.
GCSE: Grade B (5) in Mathematics and Grade C (4) in English Language.
International Baccalaureate: Pass Full Diploma with 30 points, including a minimum of 16 points at Higher Level. Minimum of grade 5 in SL Mathematics or 6 in SL Maths Studies or 4 in HL Mathematics if not held at GCSE.
BTEC Extended National Diploma: DDD in Business diploma with strong GCSE background including Mathematics at grade B (5) and English Language at grade C (4).
Tuition fees for 2020/21 are yet to be confirmed.
If you take the BA Economics and Accounting you will be eligible for exemptions from professional exams CIMA, ACA, and ACCA. This is subject to satisfactory completion of certain modules.
We are a partner in learning with the ICAEW.
You will be introduced to studying the core areas of microeconomics, macroeconomics and the economic application of basic mathematical and statistical techniques to the solution of economic problems.
First year modules are shared with the following BA degrees: Banking and Finance BA, Business Economics BA, Economics BA or Financial Economics BA. There is flexibility to switch between degrees at the end of your first year.
You will continue to build upon your knowledge of microeconomics and macroeconomics, whilst bringing in elements of accountancy and econometrics.
In your final year there are four compulsory modules, including your dissertation - a piece of independent research supported by one-on-one supervision with an academic tutor. You will also choose from a range of option modules, giving you the chance to shape your degree around your interests.


text:
West Sussex Mind needs you!
We are looking for new trustees to join our Board from a range of backgrounds
We are recruiting new trustees to our Board to drive forward the next stage in our development.
We have experienced rapid growth, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic, almost doubling our number of staff and supporting more people across the county than ever with their mental health.
We are now calling for applications from all sections of the community to join our Board of trustees and to create a more diverse Board that truly reflects the communities we serve.
Sue Hawker, chair of West Sussex Mind, said: "It is an exciting time to join us. We have adapted our services to meet growing demand. We deliver face-to-face and online support, providing mental health support for adults and children in GP surgeries, and offering specialist support services for families with young children, the elderly and young people aged 16-25.
"We are using our mental health expertise to train individuals and organisations in mental health, run suicide prevention training and campaign to raise awareness and challenge stigma around mental health. We are now looking for trustees from a range of backgrounds to bring fresh perspectives that will help us achieve our strategic goals and shape the next exciting stage in our development."
We are inviting people to apply as trustees, who are passionate about mental health and well-being, and who are fully committed to achieving positive outcomes for those who need our support.
Previous experience of being a trustee is not necessary, nor is a professional background, but candidates must be self-motivated, willing to learn and willing to make a commitment to West Sussex Mind for three years.
We welcome applications from anyone regardless of their age, disability, ethnicity, sexuality, gender or socio-economic background. We particularly welcome applications from disabled candidates, black Asian and minority ethnic candidates, women, younger people and the LGBTQ+ community, as these groups are currently under-represented on our Board. Trainees receive a comprehensive induction and full training and support when they join.
Becoming a trustee of West Sussex Mind offers the opportunity not only to contribute to your community, but to develop your skills and experience, grow your professional network and work as part of a team of individuals who are passionate about mental health. It can also help your career progression.
Daniel Bird, 35, treasurer of West Sussex Mind and a trustee for 10 years, said: "The skills I learned from being a trustee have really helped me in my career. When I was still quite junior at work, being able to say I had sat in Board meetings and made strategic decisions was really good experience and this helped me when going for other jobs. In interviews, I've always talked about my work with West Sussex Mind, as it's given me some great experience that I wouldn't have gained anywhere else."
If you would like to arrange an information discussion before applying, email recruitment@westsussexmind.org.
See our job ad and recruitment guide
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