text:
Dieser Artikel enthält eine Auflistung ehemaliger Städte im heutigen Deutschland. Damit gemeint sind ehemals politisch selbständige Gemeinden mit Stadtrecht, die in andere Städte eingemeindet wurden, sich mit anderen Orten zu einer neuen Stadt oder Gemeinde anderen Namens vereinigt haben oder ihr Stadtrecht verloren hatten. Der Vollständigkeit halber sind auch solche Städte aufgeführt, die lediglich infolge der Eingemeindung anderer Orte ihren Namen geändert haben, obgleich diese streng genommen ihre Selbständigkeit nicht verloren haben.

Die Liste beschränkt sich im Wesentlichen auf den Zeitraum ab dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts, als Industrialisierung und erhöhte Verwaltungseffizienz zwei für die Zahl der Städte gegenläufige Entwicklungen verursachten: Einerseits wuchsen viele zuvor ländliche Gemeinden zu neuen Städten heran, andererseits gab es einen Konzentrationsprozess, bei dem sich größere Städte ihre kleineren Nachbargemeinden einverleibten, von denen manche erst kurz zuvor selbst das Stadtrecht erhalten hatten. Um diese Entwicklungen besser nachvollziehbar zu machen, ist bei Orten, die nur kurzzeitig Stadt waren, auch das Datum der Stadtrechtsverleihung genannt. Die genannten Entwicklungen halten, mit verlangsamter Geschwindigkeit, bis heute an.

Vorgänge, die vor ca. 1850 stattfanden, sind in dieser Liste nur bedingt aufgeführt; neben dem Problem, eine vollständige Liste zu erstellen, wäre es auch schwierig, diese Fälle genau abzugrenzen. Einige repräsentative Beispiele für solche ehemaligen Städte sind mittelalterliche Gründungen von Neustädten oder Vorstädten, die später mit den Altstädten vereinigt wurden (Beispiele: Erlangen oder Hildesheim), Teile von Doppelstädten (z. B. Berlin/Cölln und Rottenburg/Ehingen am Neckar) oder Orte, deren Stadtrecht infolge eines Bedeutungsverlusts in Vergessenheit geriet (Beispiele in Württemberg: Horrheim, Hohenhaslach oder Gutenberg). Des Weiteren gibt es Grenzfälle wie die Weichbilder Braunschweigs sowie zahlreiche Minderstädte.

Die Liste ist in Bezug auf Bayern, Bremen, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein und Berlin vermutlich vollständig, bei anderen Ländern vermutlich unvollständig.

Quellenangaben beziehen sich auf Bekanntmachungen in Gesetz- oder Amtsblättern oder auf Angaben der statistischen Landesämter. Informationen, die nicht mit einer Quellenangabe verbunden sind, sind Sekundärquellen wie Webseiten oder auch anderen Wikipedia-Artikeln entnommen. Da in diesen Sekundärquellen oftmals ungenaue Angaben über Datum und Art der Umbildung (Eingemeindung, Vereinigung oder Umbenennung) gemacht werden, sind diese Angaben teilweise mit Vorbehalt zu versehen.

Nachweise
 Änderungen bei den Gemeinden, siehe Weblinks
 Gemeinden 1994, siehe Literatur
 Historisches Gemeindeverzeichnis, siehe Literatur

Baden-Württemberg
Mit GABl bezeichnete Angaben beziehen sich auf die Fundstelle im Gemeinsamen Amtsblatt für Baden-Württemberg, GesBl bedeutet Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg, RegBl Regierungsblatt für (das Königreich) Württemberg. Bekanntmachungen im Gemeinsamen Amtsblatt geben freiwillige Vereinbarungen der betroffenen Gemeinden wieder, Bekanntmachungen im Gesetzblatt beziehen sich in der Regel auf Landesgesetze (insbesondere das Gemeindereformgesetz, GesBl 248/1974).

Fußnoten

1 Die Stadt Aalen-Wasseralfingen wurde am 1. Juli 1975 in Aalen umbenannt (GesBl 749/1975).
2 Die Gemeinde Ravenstein wurde am 1. April 1974 zur Stadt ernannt.
3 Die Gemeinde Schrozberg wurde am 1. Januar 1973 zur Stadt ernannt (GABl 70/1973).
4 Die Gemeinde Geislingen wurde am 16. Dezember 1974 zur Stadt ernannt (GABl 2/1975).
5 Die Stadt Oberrotweil wurde am 15. April 1977 in Vogtsburg im Kaiserstuhl umbenannt (GABl 574/1977).
6 Die Stadt Freistett-Rheinbischofsheim wurde am 1. Januar 1975 in Rheinau umbenannt (GesBl 416/1975).
7 Die neue Stadt erhielt zunächst den Namen Grötzingen. Am 1. Januar 1978 wurde sie in Aichtal umbenannt.
8 Die Gemeinde Rauenberg wurde am 1. Januar 1975 zur Stadt ernannt (GABl 2/1975).

Bayern

Berlin

Fußnoten

1 Die Stadt Lichtenberg wurde im Jahr 1912 in Berlin-Lichtenberg umbenannt.
2 Die Stadt Schöneberg wurde im Jahr 1912 in Berlin-Schöneberg umbenannt.
3 Die Stadt Deutsch-Wilmersdorf wurde im Jahr 1912 in Berlin-Wilmersdorf umbenannt.
4 Die Stadt Rixdorf wurde am 27. Januar 1912 in Neukölln umbenannt.

Brandenburg
Mit SB bezeichnete Angaben sind dem Städtebuch Brandenburg und Berlin entnommen. Die zeitliche Angabe als Stadt ist eine ungefähre Angabe.

Fußnoten

1 Die EKO-Wohnstadt wurde am 7. Mai 1953 in Stalinstadt umbenannt.
2 Die Stadt Wahrenbrück wurde am 1. Januar 2002 in Uebigau-Wahrenbrück umbenannt.

Bremen

Fußnote

1 Die Stadt Wesermünde wurde am 1. November 1939 um die Stadt Bremerhaven erweitert (RGBl. I 2041/1939) und am 1. Januar 1947 in Bremerhaven umbenannt.

Hamburg
Hinweis: Durch das Groß-Hamburg-Gesetz gingen 1937 die preußischen Städte Altona, Harburg-Wilhelmsburg und Wandsbek an das Land Hamburg (Städte Cuxhaven und Geesthacht an Preußen). 1938 wurden alle hamburgischen Städte und Gemeinden zur Einheitsgemeinde 'Hansestadt Hamburg' zusammengefasst.

Hessen
Mit GVBl versehene Angaben beziehen sich auf die Fundstelle im Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt für das Land Hessen.

Fußnoten

1 Die Mainzer Stadtteile Amöneburg, Kastel und Kostheim wurden am 25. Juli 1945 nach Wiesbaden umgegliedert.
2 Die Stadt Waldfelden wurde am 1. Januar 1978 in Mörfelden-Walldorf umbenannt.

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

Niedersachsen

Nordrhein-Westfalen
Mit GV.NW versehene Angaben beziehen sich auf die Fundstelle im Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen.

Fußnoten

1 Die Stadt Barmen-Elberfeld wurde am 25. Januar 1930 in Wuppertal umbenannt.
2 Die Stadt Neukirchen wurde 1904 in Bergisch-Neukirchen und 1964 in Bergisch Neukirchen umbenannt.
3 Die Stadt Gelsenkirchen-Buer wurde am 21. Mai 1930 in Gelsenkirchen umbenannt.
4 Am 1. Januar 1975 wurde die Stadt Monheim aufgelöst. Hitdorf wurde der Stadt Leverkusen zugeschlagen. Die anderen Ortsteile kamen zu Düsseldorf, wurden aber am 1. Juli 1976 ausgegliedert und bildeten die neue Stadt Monheim ohne Hitdorf.
5 Die Stadt Bad Meinberg-Horn wurde am 10. September 1970 in Horn-Bad Meinberg umbenannt.
6 Die Stadt Hardenberg-Neviges wurde im Jahr 1935 in Neviges umbenannt.
7 Die Stadt Merscheid wurde im Jahr 1891 in Ohligs umbenannt.
8 Die Stadt Dahlen wurde im Jahr 1878 in Rheindahlen umbenannt.
9 Die Gemeinde Senne II wurde 1816 Heeper-Senne genannt und am 14. Mai 1965 in Sennestadt umbenannt.
10 Die Stadt Krefeld-Uerdingen a. Rh. wurde am 25. April 1940 in Krefeld umbenannt.

Rheinland-Pfalz

Saarland

Sachsen

Fußnote

1 Die Stadt Lichtenstein-Callnberg wurde im Jahr 1938 in Lichtenstein/Sa. umbenannt.

Sachsen-Anhalt

Fußnoten

1 Die Stadt Bad Salzelmen hieß bis 1926 Groß Salze.
2 Die Stadt Schönebeck erhielt zunächst den Namen Schönebeck-Bad Salzelmen.
3 Die Gemeinde Aue-Fallstein wurde am 1. Januar 2010 in die Stadt Osterwieck eingegliedert.

Schleswig-Holstein

Außerdem seien die folgenden beiden uralten Städte erwähnt:
 Haithabu: Wikingerstadt bis 1066
 Rungholt: ging 1362 unter, Stadtrecht ist fraglich

Thüringen

Einzelnachweise

Literatur

Weblinks
 Änderungen bei den Gemeinden: StBA: Änderungen bei den Gemeinden Deutschlands

!Stadte
Deutschland, Stadte, ehemalige

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
N. Korea Rules Out One-on-One Talks with S. Korea - 2004-10-02
North Korea says there will be no more bilateral talks with South Korea unless the South's secret nuclear experiments are thoroughly investigated.
A spokesman for the North Korean agency which handles official contacts with the South made the pledge Saturday.
Seoul recently admitted that its scientists had extracted a small amount of plutonium in the early 1980s, and had conducted experiments to enrich uranium in 2000, but says the experiments were unauthorized and purely scientific in nature.
Pyongyang is dismissing those claims, saying the experiments were just "the tip of the iceberg" of the South's nuclear activities.
North Korea has already broken off six-nation talks - which include South Korea and the United States - aimed at persuading Pyongyang to end its nuclear weapons programs.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Whether you're looking for accent lighting or something a bit more practical, designer table lamps could be a great choice. The different styles, shapes and designs can make your decision quite confusing but we are here to help guide you through the process. Mostly used in traditional style rooms, a crystal or glass lamp can provide a lot of decorative diversity. If a more industrial look is what you are looking for, an iron or metal lamp would work great and wood for a simpler look.
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text:
Paul H. Madden, Jr.
Infantryman, 95th Infantry Division
Born in Homer, Louisiana, Paul moved to Shreveport as a three-year-old. He later began studies at Centenary College, but volunteered in summer of 1943 for Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP) for college students. After basic, his group was sent to Carnegie Tech in Pittsburg. When the ASTP program closed, Paul was placed in the Ninety-Fifth Infantry Division. He sailed on the USS West Point (AP-23) to England as a member of First Battalion, 379th Infantry Regiment. As part of the Third Army, he went ashore at Omaha Beach in Normandy, France on D+100. Paul recalls how his unit received seventy-two replacements in a two-day period in December of 1944. He believes the average age of men in his unit was 24. As a private first class, platoon runner for a lieutenant, and radio operator, Paul remembers constant fighting through the fall and early winter of 1944-45. From September to mid-December, he says he wore the same pair of pants and shirt and never showered. He was hospitalized for frozen feet in January of 1945. He returned to his unit (by then part of the Ninth Army) but illness forced him from the frontlines by early March. Suffering with jaundice and hepatitis, he was sent to an evacuation hospital in Holland. Told his unit was going to the Pacific, Paul returned to America, arriving on Boston on July 1, 1945. After a month furlough, he reported to Camp Shelby, and was there when Japan surrendered. Paul was discharged at Fort Hancock, New Jersey on November 3, 1945. Besides earning a degree at Centenary College in 1947, Paul entered the reserves as a commissioned officer, serving one year in active duty in 1951, and retiring 1962. In his business career he worked at United Gas in Shreveport and in the land department of Union Producing Company, before retiring July 1, 1986.


text:
Stags gore Pirates, 82-66 in NCAA 90 | Inquirer Sports
Stags gore Pirates, 82-66 in NCAA 90
INQUIRER.net / 07:28 PM September 26, 2014
JOHN Ortuoste of San Sebastian INQUIRER FILE PHOTO
MANILA, Philippines – With nothing to lose but pride, the San Sebastian College-Recoletos Stags steamrolled the Lyceum of the Philippines University Pirates 82-66, in a no-bearing matchup at the NCAA Seniors Basketball tournament at the San Juan Arena Friday.
San Sebastian had their eyes set for a victory after a 10-game losing streak made their season one miserable affair.
With their horns polished and sharpened, the Stags built a 24-point lead, 71-47, near the end of the third.
Stags head coach Topex Robinson said his team just had to what it had to do.
"I told them to not be bothered with the standings, and just keep doing what we do," Robinson said.
But the Pirates managed to swing back with a 17-3 run onto the fourth quarter that cut the lead to 10 74-64 with Guy Mbida capping the slashing with a transition layup.
San Sebastian however would not let up, going on an 8-2 sprint to put the boards at 82-66 courtesy of two free throws from Stags wingman CJ Perez.
Robinson had nothing but praise for Perez, saying his reliable forward "really worked on his game."
"He knows that he has a chip on his shoulder," Robinson said. "I couldn't say anything about him but he did a very good job."
Perez led the stampede for the Stags with 25 points, 20 of which came in the first half, six boards and two steals.
Bradwyn Guinto had 18 points and 10 boards while Jon Ortuoste added 10 points for the Stags which now has a 4-11 record for ninth place.
Jebb Bulawan led the Pirates with 13 points with Mbida adding an 11-point, 10-rebound double-double for Lyceum which now sits at seventh seed with a 6-10 slate.
NCAA denies San Beda protest vs Perpetual
TAGS: Basketball, Campus clash, Lyceum of the Philippines University, NCAA, NCAA '90, San Sebastian, Sports


text:
\section{Introduction }
Let $K=\Q(\sqrt{d})$, $d\in\Z$, be a quadratic number field and $E$ an elliptic curve defined over $K$. Then the torsion subgroup for $E$ is one of:
\begin{align*}
\Z/m\Z, &\quad 1\le m \le 18, m\neq 17,\\
\Z/2\Z \times\Z/2m \Z, &\quad1\le m\le 6,\\
\Z/3\Z \times\Z/3m \Z, &\quad m= 1,2, \quad \hbox{only possible for $\Q(\sqrt{-3})$,}\\
\Z/4\Z \times\Z/4\Z, & \quad \hbox{only possible for $\Q(\sqrt{-1})$}
\end{align*}
(see \cite{K} and  \cite{KM}).
In \cite{R}, Rabarison gave a parametrization of the curves having such torsion groups.
His results together with recent results from \cite{BBDN} show that for each possible
torsion group there exist an elliptic curve over some quadratic field with this torsion group and positive rank. In this paper, we present examples of elliptic curves having high rank and given torsion group over a quadratic field. For most of the torsion groups our results give the current records.
In particular, our results show that for each possible torsion group,
except maybe for $\Z/15\Z$, there exist an elliptic
curve over some quadratic field with this torsion group and with rank $\geq 2$.

For elliptic curves over $\Q$, by Mazur's theorem there are $15$ possible torsion groups.
The current rank records and the data on corresponding curves can be found in the table \cite{D}
(for previous records see e.g. \cite{KS}). It is known since 2003 that for each of these
$15$ torsion groups there exist a curve over $\Q$ with this torsion group and with rank $\geq 3$,
and this is still the best known result of that type. Namely, despite big efforts in last 10 years,
no elliptic curve over $\Q$ with torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/8\Z$ and rank $\geq 4$ has been found so far.

\section{Current records} \label{sec:table}
We summarize the current records, including our results, in Table~\ref{t:table}.
For each torsion group $T$ from the above list, we define  $B(T)$ as the supremum
of the ranks of elliptic curves defined over any quadratic field and having torsion group $T$ (for the trivial torsion group we put $T=0$). The third column in Table~\ref{t:table} (l.b.) gives a lower bound of $B(T)$ for $T$ given in the first column, while the second column gives the discriminant $d$
of the corresponding quadratic number field $K$.
Numbers 4.x in the reference column correspond to the subsections of Section~\ref{examples} of the present paper, where the details of the corresponding curve appear.
The marks $*$ in the table refer to the curves obtained by an application of Mestre's general construction which produces quadratic fields with huge discriminants. In the case of torsion $\Z/2\Z\times \Z/2\Z$, the discriminant $d_2$ is too large to fit in the table, but will be given in Subsection \ref{z2z2}. Values in boldface in the third column are conditional, assuming the Parity Conjecture.

\begin{table}[htbp!]
\centering
\caption{Current records}\label{t:table}
\small
\begin{tabular}{@{} c c c c @{}}
\toprule
$T$        &       $d$ & l.b. & Reference\\
\midrule
$0$                    & $*$           & 30      & \cite{D,E,M1} \\
$\Z/2\Z$               & $-1$          & 28      & \ref{z2} \\
$\Z/3\Z$               & $ *$          & 15      & \cite{D,M1} \\
$\Z/4\Z$               & $-25689$      & 15      & \ref{z4} \\
$\Z/5\Z$               & $*$           & 10      & \cite{D,M1} \\
$\Z/6\Z$               & $3521$        & 11      & \ref{z6} \\
$\Z/7\Z$               & $*$           & 7       & \cite{D,M1} \\
$\Z/8\Z$               & $-227$        & 9       & \ref{z8} \\
$\Z/9\Z$               & $-155$        & 6       & \ref{z9} \\
$\Z/10\Z$              & $-2495$       & 7       & \ref{z10} \\
$\Z/11\Z$              & $-3239$       & 2       & \ref{z11} \\
$\Z/12\Z$              & $2014$        & 7       & \ref{z12} \\
$\Z/13\Z$              & $193$         & 2       & \cite{R} \\
$\Z/14\Z$              & $265$         & 2       & \ref{z14}, \cite{R} \\
$\Z/15\Z$              & $-7$          & 1       & \ref{z15}, \cite{BBDN} \\
$\Z/16\Z$              & $1785$        & 2       & \ref{z16} \\
$\Z/18\Z$              & $26521$       & 2       & \cite{BBDN} \\
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/2\Z$  & $d_2$         & 19 \textbf{20} & \ref{z2z2} \\
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/4\Z$  & $-83201$      & 13      & \ref{z2z4} \\
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/6\Z$  & $624341$      & 10      & \ref{z2z6} \\
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/8\Z$  & $31230597$    & 8       & \ref{z2z8} \\
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/10\Z$ & $1065333545$  & 4 \textbf{5} & \ref{z2z10}, \cite{BBDN} \\
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/12\Z$ & $2947271015$  & 4       & \cite{BBDN} \\
$\Z/3\Z\times \Z/3\Z$  & $-3$          & 7       & \cite{J} \\
$\Z/3\Z\times \Z/6\Z$  & $-3$          & 6       & \cite{J} \\
$\Z/4\Z\times \Z/4\Z$  & $-1$          & 7       & \cite{DJ} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\section{Methods of search} \label{methods}
In the case of the $15$ possible torsion  groups of elliptic curves over $\Q$ (by Mazur's theorem), we consider curves with rational coefficients, and in order to determine their rank over a quadratic field $\Q(\sqrt{d})$ we use
the formula (\cite{B}, see also \cite{SZ} or \cite[Exercise 10.16]{S})
\begin{equation}\label{tworanks}
\rank(E(\Q(\sqrt{d}))=\rank(E(\Q))+\rank(E^{(d)}(\Q)),
\end{equation}
where $E^{(d)}$ denotes the $d$-quadratic twist of $E$.
One way to get high rank curves over quadratic fields with one of these $15$
torsion groups is to start with one of the record curves with
this torsion over $\Q$ (these curves are collected in the tables \cite{D}),
then search for a twist of this curve with high rank, and finally use \eqref{tworanks}.
However, the record curves usually have very large coefficients,
which makes it hard to compute the rank of its twist. Thus sometimes it is more profitable
to start with curves of rank slightly smaller than the corresponding record
(many such curves are also available in \cite{D}), and then use the full power
of standard sieving methods for finding high rank curves in parametric families of
elliptic curves. These methods include computations of Mestre-Nagao sums (they
are indicators of good candidates of high rank, see e.g. \cite{N}) and
the Selmer rank (it gives an upper bound for the rank which is sometimes sharp).
In some cases the root number is used either for reaching conditional results through the Parity Conjecture or as an additional sieving parameter.
We implemented these sieving procedures in \texttt{Pari} \cite{pari}. For computing the rank we used Cremona's program \texttt{mwrank} \cite{mwrank}.

For the curves with record rank over $\Q$, we were usually able to compute the rank of the twists
only up to $d<10^4$ or $d<10^5$, so that gave the limitation for our search.
On the other hand, for starting curves with small coefficients, we could search for high-rank
twists up to $d<10^8$. In order to make this search practical, we have chosen strong conditions
for the Mestre-Nagao sum. As an illustration, we can mention the $31230597$-twist of rank $5$
in the case of torsion group $\Z/2\Z\times \Z/8\Z$ (for details see Subsection \ref{z2z8}).
Here the search procedure took around $10$ days of CPU time on an Intel Xeon E5430.

We should mention a general result due to Mestre \cite{M1} (see also \cite{ST})
who proved that for any elliptic curve $E$ over $\Q$ there exist infinitely
 many quadratic twists with rank $\geq 2$.
For some torsion groups of odd order (trivial, $\Z/3\Z$, $\Z/5\Z$, $\Z/7\Z$) the largest known
ranks were obtained by applying Mestre's result \cite{M1} to the record curves over $\Q$.
Thus we will not give further details for these cases.
We mention also results announced by Mestre \cite{M2} and proved by Rubin and
Silverberg \cite{RS1,RS2} that if the torsion group of $E$ is
$\Z/2\Z\times \Z/4\Z$, resp. $\Z/2\Z\times \Z/8\Z$,
then there exist infinitely many quadratic twists of $E$ with rank $\geq 3$, resp. $\geq 4$.
However, our results for these two cases improve those obtained by direct application of
results from \cite{RS1,RS2} to the record curves over $\Q$.

For the torsion groups of the form $\Z/2\Z\times \Z/2m\Z$, we may take the record curve
with torsion $\Z/2m\Z$ over $\Q$, and then determine the quadratic field over which this curve
contains torsion $\Z/2\Z\times \Z/2m\Z$.

Formula \eqref{tworanks} can be also used for curves over a quadratic field, even if its torsion group is not one of the $15$ which are possible for curves over $\Q$, when they admit a model with rational coefficients. Indeed, this was applied in \cite{DJ,J}
for torsion groups $\Z/4\Z\times \Z/4\Z$, $\Z/3\Z\times \Z/3\Z$ and $\Z/3\Z\times \Z/6\Z$.
For the remaining torsion groups, we use the parametrizations given in \cite{R},
and try to compute the rank (or at least to get some information on it) for curves
corresponding to small parameters by using procedures available in \texttt{Magma} (\cite{Magma}).

Let us mention that for torsion groups $\Z/13\Z$ and $\Z/18\Z$, the current records with rank $2$  might be very hard to improve, since it was recently proved in \cite{BBDN} that all such curves  over quadratic fields have even rank.

\section{Examples} \label{examples}
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/2\Z$. $B(\Z/2\Z)\ge 28$.} \label{z2}
For this torsion group the highest rank known over $\Q$ is an example of a curve with rank $19$ found by Elkies (see \cite{D}). For our purpose, it is more interesting to use an example due to Watkins (see \cite{ACP,D}), who found a curve with rank $14$ and $j$-invariant $1728$, namely
\[
y^2=x^3-402599774387690701016910427272483\,x.
\]
It is isomorphic to its $(-1)$-twist. Hence, the rank of the $(-1)$-twist
of this elliptic curve is also $14$, and now it follows from \eqref{tworanks} that
this curve has rank $28$ over $\Q(\sqrt{-1})$.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/4\Z$. $B(\Z/4\Z)\ge 15$.} \label{z4}
The curve with the highest known rank over $\Q$ having this torsion group is
an example with rank $12$ found by Elkies in 2006 (see \cite{D}).
Since its coefficients are very large, we have considered also curves with rank $9$, $10$ and $11$ from \cite{D}. In that way, we found several curves with rank $14$ over certain quadratic fields, and one example with rank $15$. This example was found starting with the rank $9$ curve:
\begin{multline*}
y^2 = x^3-x^2-63101137631999143241257265\,x \\
+ 191341468112384598938400129107933347137
\end{multline*}
found by Eroshkin in 2008.
Its twist by $d=-25689$ has rank $6$, so an application of \eqref{tworanks}
gives that $B(\Z/4\Z)\ge 15$.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/6\Z$. $B(\Z/6\Z)\ge 11$.} \label{z6}
In this case the highest known rank over $\Q$  known for this torsion group is  $8$
(Dujella, Eroshkin, Elkies (2008), see \cite{D}).
We got the best result starting with a rank $7$ curve, found by Dujella in 2001, which is given by
$$
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 - x^2 - 45123702275641081919424\,x
+ 936989213947498862436000.
$$
Its $3521$-twist has rank at least $4$ so the result follows again  by~\eqref{tworanks}.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/8\Z$. $B(\Z/8\Z)\ge 9$.} \label{z8}
For this torsion group the curve with highest known rank was found by Elkies in 2006 (see \cite{D}) and has rank~$6$. For our search we use the curve with rank $5$, found by Dujella \& Lecacheux in 2002, which is given by
\begin{multline*}
y^2= x^3 + x^2 - 11849634571550798667743047864720\,x  \\
+ 15613761915399875450490670165233536220551598068.
\end{multline*}
Since its twist by $d=-227$ has rank $4$, the result follows.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/9\Z$. $B(\Z/9\Z)\ge 6$.} \label{z9}
Fisher found in 2009 a curve with torsion $\Z/9\Z$ and rank $4$ over $\Q$ (see \cite{D}).
By applying the general result by Mestre, we get a curve of rank $6$ over a quadratic field. However, this field has a huge discriminant, and an example of rank~$6$ with much smaller discriminant can be obtained starting with the elliptic curve
$$
y^2 + x\,y + y = x^3- x^2 -41368267697099\,x
+ 102411668493915101147,
$$
of rank $3$ over $\Q$ (Dujella 2001), and noting that its twist by $d=-155$ also has rank $3$ over $\Q$. Thus it has rank $6$ over $\Q(\sqrt{-155})$ by~\eqref{tworanks}.

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/10\Z$. $B(\Z/10\Z)\ge 7$.}  \label{z10}
We use the curve with rank $4$ and torsion $\Z/10\Z$ which is the rank record for this torsion group (Dujella 2004, see \cite{D}). The  curve is
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 - 127381738643041574974581021420318985\,x \\
+ 17495594046612039766866496413577998621609407092547225.
\end{multline*}
Its twist by $d=-2495$ has rank  equal to $3$, so the result follows from~\eqref{tworanks}.

Another examples with rank $7$ and torsion $\Z/10\Z$ over a quadratic field can be
obtained by starting with curves with smaller rank. E.g.
the curve
$$
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 -5313234280\,x  + 149068288642400
$$
(Womack 2000, see \cite{W})
has torsion $\Z/10\Z$, rank $2$ over $\Q$ and its $318855485$-twist has rank $5$, while the curve
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 - 4281263352573652971565\,x \\
+ 107821663654697042219512111579217
\end{multline*}
(Dujella 2001, see \cite{D})
has torsion $\Z/10\Z$, rank $3$ over $\Q$ and its $3007$-twist has rank $4$.

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/11\Z$. $B(\Z/11\Z)\ge 2$.} \label{z11}
This torsion cannot appear over $\Q$. Rabarison \cite{R} showed the existence of curves with torsion group $\Z/11\Z$ and rank at least $1$ over $\Q(\sqrt{d})$ for $d= -3239,-599,-47,6,7,22,73$ and $193$.
The curve over $\Q(\sqrt{-3239})$ is
$$
y^2 + \frac{5\sqrt{-3239} - 796}{9}\,x\,y + (45\sqrt{-3239} + 855)y
= x^3 + (45\sqrt{-3239} + 855)x^2.
$$
Rabarison stated that its rank over $\Q(\sqrt{-3239})$ is $1$.
Since it has a point of infinite order ($[1-\sqrt{-3239}, 2\sqrt{-3239}-1082]$)
and root number equal to $1$, the Parity Conjecture implies that its rank should be at least~$2$. Unfortunately, we were not able to find the second independent point.
We have also an example over $\Q(\sqrt{1129})$ with conditional rank $\geq 2$.
However, we were able to find one example with torsion $\Z/11\Z$ and rank $\geq 2$
over $\Q(\sqrt{561})$, unconditionally.
Namely, the curve
$$
y^2 + \frac{-10\sqrt{561} + 893}{1008}\,x\,y + \frac{-35\sqrt{561} + 210}{10368}y
= x^3 + \frac{-35\sqrt{561} + 210}{10368} x^2
$$
has the torsion group $\Z/11\Z$ over $\Q(\sqrt{561})$
and the following two independent points of infinite order:
$\left[ \frac{-\sqrt{561} - 869}{6912}, \frac{1709\sqrt{561} + 147421}{6967296} \right]$ and
$\left[ \frac{5\sqrt{561} - 65}{1344}, \frac{-1285\sqrt{561} + 32385}{2032128} \right]$.

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/12\Z$. $B(\Z/12\Z)\ge 7$.}  \label{z12}
Although the highest known rank for this torsion is $4$ (Fisher 2008, see \cite{D}),
we apply our procedure to several curves with rank $2$ and $3$.
For the curve with rank $3$ and torsion $\Z/12\Z$ found by Rathbun in 2003 (see \cite{D}) given by
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y + y = x^3- x^2 -42403753582533569425032932\,x \\
+ 106274144228004532427905140464314177031,
\end{multline*}
we find that its twist by $d=-106071$ has rank $4$. Another curve with rank $3$ and torsion
$\Z/12\Z$ is
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 - 544753256053055692212823356675\,x \\
+ 154756127532691562955214620687209364995464257,
\end{multline*}
found by Dujella in 2005. We find that its $2905$-twist has rank $4$. Finally, we consider a curve
with rank $2$:
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y = x^3-x^2-136659485377389900024\,x \\
+ 612767297917647098548240331268,
\end{multline*}
which has $2014$-twist with rank $5$. Again, an application of \eqref{tworanks} gives the announced result.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/14\Z$. $B(\Z/14\Z)\ge 2$.}  \label{z14}
In \cite{R}, Rabarison gave examples of elliptic curves with torsion group $\Z/14\Z$
 and rank $\geq 1$ over the quadratic fields $\Q(\sqrt{-23})$ and $\Q(\sqrt{265})$.
The curve over $\Q(\sqrt{265})$ is
$$
y^2 + \frac{-18\sqrt{265} + 283}{145}\,x\,y
+ \frac{726\sqrt{265} - 12990}{21025}\,y
= x^3 + \frac{726\sqrt{265} - 12990}{21025}\,x^2.
$$
Using \texttt{Magma} \cite{Magma}, we find that this curve has rank equal to $2$, with independent points with $x$-coordinates
\[
\frac{-133118\sqrt{265} + 4584710}{36395145} \,\,\text{ and }\,\,
\frac{-246\sqrt{265} + 4902}{4205}.
\]

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/15\Z$. $B(\Z/15\Z)\ge 1$.} \label{z15}
In \cite{BBDN}, an example with torsion group $\Z/15\Z$ and positive rank is given over
$\Q(\sqrt{345})$. Here we give such an example over $\Q(\sqrt{-7})$. This is the curve
$$
y^2 + (-2\sqrt{-7}+15)x\,y + (26\sqrt{-7} -14)y
= x^3 + (26\sqrt{-7} -14)x^2,
$$
obtained by inserting
\[t=(-\sqrt{-7}-5)/8,\quad s=(\sqrt{-7} -11)/16\]
in the general parametrization of curves with torsion $\Z/15\Z$ given in \cite{R}.
This curve has a point of infinite order $[6\sqrt{-7} - 98, 136\sqrt{-7} + 1064]$
over $\Q(\sqrt{-7})$.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/16\Z$. $B(\Z/16\Z)\ge 2$.} \label{z16}
In \cite{R}, Rabarison gave an example of elliptic curve with torsion $\Z/16\Z$ and
rank $\geq 1$ over $\Q(\sqrt{10})$. We improve this result by finding an example with
torsion $\Z/16\Z$ and rank equal to $2$ over $\Q(\sqrt{1785})$. The curve is
{\small
$$
y^2 + \frac{-247\sqrt{1785} + 80605}{71680}\,x\,y
+ \frac{-203\sqrt{1785} - 11271}{917504}\,y
= x^3 + \frac{-203\sqrt{1785} - 11271}{917504}\,x^2.
$$

Using \texttt{Magma} \cite{Magma}, we find that this curve has rank~$2$ over $\Q(\sqrt{1785})$, with independent points with $x$-coordinates
\[\frac{10763581607\sqrt{1785} + 456934229139}{894936283136} \,\,\text{ and }\,\,
\frac{11\sqrt{1785} + 663}{50540}.\]

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/2\Z$. $B(\Z/2\Z \times \Z/2\Z)\ge 19$.}\label{z2z2}
 In this case the argument is different: we start with  a curve having torsion
 $\Z/2\Z$ over $\Q$ and rank $19$. This curve has the record rank for this torsion group and was found by Elkies in 2009 (see  \cite{D}).
 We write it in the form
\[y^2=(x+655364911965298267755181)g(x),\]
where $g$ is a monic polynomial of degree~$2$ with integer coefficients whose discriminant is
\[d_2=-3901785498412536920668361993073821511.\]
The curve has two additional $2$-torsion points over $\Q(\sqrt{d_2})$ and its torsion group over this field is  $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/2\Z$. The rank is at least $19$ over $\Q(\sqrt{d_2})$. Since the root number for the $d_2$-twist of the curve is $-1$, assuming the Parity Conjecture, we have that the rank should be at least $20$.

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/4\Z$. $B(\Z/2\Z \times \Z/4\Z)\ge 13$.}  \label{z2z4}
The record rank over $\Q$ for this torsion is $8$, due to
Elkies (2005), Eroshkin (2008), Dujella \& Eroshkin (2008) (see \cite{D}).
One of the known rank-record curves, found by Eroshkin, is given by
\begin{multline*}
y^2 = x^3 + x^2-23686061832482481624168232900\,x \\
+ 1401294826072670363740983663536729053022048.
\end{multline*}
Its twists by $d=-83201$ and $d=109499$ both have rank $5$, so the result follows.

Another example is given by the curve
\begin{multline*}
y^2 = x^3 - x^2 - 866893152450363503763740085700\,x \\
+61220734062068506723288644020689511073795652,
\end{multline*}
found by Dujella \& Eroshkin. It has rank $8$, while its $117589$-twist has rank $5$.

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/6\Z$. $B(\Z/2\Z \times \Z/6\Z)\ge 10$.} \label{z2z6}
Although the record rank over $\Q$ for this torsion is $6$ (Elkies, 2006),
we use a curve having this torsion group and rank $5$, found by
Dujella \& Lecacheux in 2002 (see \cite{D}). The curve is given by
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 - 2353799432200918732090882185\,x \\
+ 39989567111692230080439457690563434811225.
\end{multline*}
The result follows from the fact that its $624341$-twist has rank~$5$ over $\Q$.

\subsection{Torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/8\Z$. $B(\Z/2\Z \times \Z/8\Z)\ge 8$.} \label{z2z8}
The highest known rank over $\Q$ for curves with this torsion is $3$.
In total, there are $27$ such curves known, found by many authors (see \cite{D}).
We use the curve with rank $3$, found independently by Connell and Dujella in 2000:
$$
y^2 + x\,y = x^3 - 15745932530829089880\,x
+ 24028219957095969426339278400.
$$
The result is a consequence of the fact that its twist by $d=31230597$ has rank~$5$.
\subsection{Torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/10\Z$. $B(\Z/2\Z \times \Z/10\Z)\ge 4$.} \label{z2z10}
This torsion group does not appear over $\Q$, so we apply an argument similar to the one used in Subsection \ref{z2z2}. We start from a curve with rank $4$ over $\Q$ and torsion $\Z/10\Z$ and we look for  twists with additional torsion points. The starting curve is
\begin{multline*}
y^2 + x\,y = x^3- 186734461375182851611482374885236743900\,x\\
+ 979124235576847382684597033191041431087287234552438410000,
\end{multline*}
found by Dujella in 2008 (see \cite{D}).
We find that it has torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/10\Z$ over
the quadratic field $\Q(\sqrt {1065333545} )$, so the result follows.
Let us mention that  a curve of rank $\geq 4$ and torsion $\Z/2\Z \times \Z/10\Z$ over $\Q(\sqrt {55325286553})$ was found in \cite{BBDN} by the same method. However, here the corresponding twist has the root number $-1$, so assuming the Parity Conjecture, this curve has rank $\geq 5$.

\bigskip

{\bf Acknowledgement}. The authors would like to thank Filip Najman and the referee for very useful
comments on the previous version of this paper.

\bigskip

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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Software developer Agile Tortoise has updated its Drafts note-taking app for iPhone and launched a separate, iPad-only version.
Both Drafts 2.0 for iPhone and Drafts for iPad specialize in letting you quickly jot down notes and then easily share or store them (among other things).
The updated iPhone version includes refinements to the user interface, easy-to-add links, some new font choices, the capability to view notes in full screen (by swiping down on the tool bar), and the capability to append notes to an existing Drafts note in Dropbox. Other improvements include action sounds and integration with additional apps, including Appigo Todo, Writing Kit, and Threadnote. Drafts retains support for Twitter (and several Twitter clients), Messages, Facebook, Dropbox, OmniFocus, Things, Evernote, and several other social-network and text-editing apps and services.
The much-requested iPad version of Drafts offers the same features as the iPhone app with an interface optimized for the iPad's larger screen.
Both versions of Drafts provide support for cross-device syncing of notes, so any note saved on one iOS device is accessible on all others linked to the same account. That syncing requires a free account with the Simperium data service, which also supports Simplenote and which is emerging as an iCloud-alternative for developers.
Drafts 2.0 for iPhone costs $2; Drafts for iPad can be purchased for $3.


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If the xclass parameter is not set: the space parameter must be an Application Within Minutes, in this case the macro will display items of that application.
sort yes CHRONO, ALPHA CHRONO Sort the available documents chronologically or alphabetically.
openFirstAccordion yes true, flase true Show first accordions.
displayAuthor yes true, flase true Display the document author.
displayDate yes true, false true Display the document last modification date.
accordionMaxHeight yes integer 0 The maximum height (in px) that an accordion use to display the document content. To avoid scrollbars use zero for an unlimited height.
limit yes integer 100 Limit the number of accordions that could be displayed.
Screenshots of using the macro in the WYSIWYG editor.


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text:
Common Challenges for Leading a DevOps Transformation
Undergoing a transformation while having to continue business-as-usual is a major challenge. Change causes anxiety, which is a major threat to a DevOps transformation.
We recently kicked off our 2017 season of our Continuous Discussions (#c9d9) video podcast with an episode featuring a panel of speakers from DevOps Enterprise Summit (DOES16), discussing Leading Change (the key theme for the conference this past year).
Our expert panel included:
Nicole Forsgren, CEO and Chief Scientist at DORA.
Paula Thrasher, Director of Digital Services at CSRA.
Pauly Comtois, VP at Hearst.
Ross Clanton, DevOps Fellow at Verizon.
Steve Mayner, Agile Coach, Mentor, Thought Leader, and Strategist.
Our very own Anders Wallgren and Sam Fell.
During the episode, panelists highlighted common challenges in aligning teams, managers, and executives around a DevOps culture and proven patterns for success in leading a DevOps transformation in large organizations.
The hour-long discussion with some of the best DevOps mind in the industry was packed with great insights and best practices.
In the first part of this two-part blog series, we highlight the challenges that the panelists discussed. Stay tuned for the second part, where we cover the patterns for success they shared with us.
Communication is a major challenge Forsgren has seen in her research: "A lot of the challenges that I see when people are trying to lead change in organizations is around communication. How can we get everyone on board? How can we help everyone see where it is we're trying to go and where we are now? How do we communicate that? How do we motivate everyone? Essentially, it still comes down to needing to get a bunch of people to believe in the same mission and the same goal, and want to be a part of that team and align themselves to that same goal."
Comtois discusses the challenges his teams have been facing at Hearst: "A big challenge for us is that change is occurring at such velocity that we're finding it difficult to keep communication current. We are trying to help teams move away from that classic written documentation method of communication, that "Sunk Cost Fallacy" of holding on to the SharePoint server as the single source of truth just because of the sheer volume of content in it. You still document what needs to be documented, of course. But, it's been a huge time suck for us. It's been wonderful to get that time back and say, 'Oh, yeah; if we just talk to each other, we sit together, use Slack every day, use Bots to automate away all of the ancillary stuff that would have eaten hours out of every day.' That's been great for us in building momentum."
Treating your pipeline like a product is crucial but requires some work, explains Fell: "When you think about your pipeline, what you use to deliver your product — is in itself a product. You should have a list of things that you want to improve in your pipeline, you should be measuring it, you should be understanding what works, what doesn't work. It is a very critical part of your application. If you don't ship, no matter how much work you do on the front end, no one's going to see it."
Clanton says that the constant changes happening in the industry are particularly challenging to keep up with: "I think one thing that's increasingly challenging is the number of change programs, and the number of things that are changing in the industry right now, and how that's all infusing. You've got this massive move to Cloud. You've got the way roles and responsibilities change for individual product or development teams — they have to secure their stuff, they have to run their stuff. It isn't just about writing code and passing it onto the next person in the queue. You've got the cultural transformation that's associated with moving towards DevOps and Agile, and I think it can be overwhelming for an organization to deal with all of that together."
Wallgren mentions that culture change is the biggest challenge he sees in large organizations: "It's so easy to get stuck in that sort of cargo-cult mentality. 'We do stand-ups, therefore we're Agile.' 'We do stuff in the Cloud, therefore we're DevOps.' We say things like this and don't really focus on the things that cause change, and help change become permanent. We're stuck. The most common mode of failure I typically see is culture failure, or failure to adapt the culture."
Thrasher talks about the struggles of collaboration in large organizations: "We have to have the great collaboration tools and the great practices around collaboration. When you're in a large organization, you need specialists. You won't get away from people that have specialized expertise. Just because you have all those organizational groups doesn't mean you can't collaborate. That's where we are really trying to spend our energy is in organizing the collaborative teams."
Getting leaders to change their mindset from delegator to student is particularly challenging, explains Mayner: "When it comes to driving to a different culture, like a DevOps implementation, this cannot be delegated. You have to know what it is that you must do. That means you have to be a student first. You have to understand it. That doesn't mean you're going to be writing Chef scripts. But, it means you have to understand what's different about where it is we're trying to go from where it is that we've come, and you've got to be the chief cheerleader. You've got to exemplify the mindset change, the behavior change. You've got to show that you're in the fight with everybody else, that you're right there, as a servant leader, a transformation leader. You need the understanding for what you can do with the leverage you have, to be able to support, enable and empower everybody that's fighting, day in, day out, trying to drive this change across the organization. Which means you've got to be authentic, you've got to set the example first."
Another challenge Forsgren points out is that people can only be motivated by themselves: "My background is also actually in Knowledge Management and Motivation Research. The key is we can't motivate other people; we have to help them motivate themselves. All of the motivation research shows that everyone really has to motivate themselves. So, as leaders, and even as someone who's a team member or individual contributors and practitioners, we need to ask, 'How can we help our fellow practitioners buy in? How can we help everyone else understand the greater goal, the greater mission, so that everyone can have that drive from within?'"
Comtois has this to say on the misconceptions of DevOps: "I have found a lot of misconstrued notions on what DevOps is and how fast you do it.. It's not an off-the-shelf software package you install that fixes all of your problems overnight, or even in a year. The patterns and culture that you have in your organization have taken years to develop. Changing that doesn't happen overnight."
Combating resistance to change is another challenge, per Clanton: "I think the challenge is figuring out how to simplify the people side of the transformation — the skills and practices, the culture, the operating model, and how you think about your teams so that you can help a large scale organization go through that level of change. I think that's probably one of the hardest things I'm working through right now. I also think figuring out how to get inertia. You've got to figure out how to continually energize the masses, the people that are passionate about change, while you're continuing to fight the changing battle at the same time."
There are tendencies to rule out the necessity of leaders and managers, but Mayner says that shouldn't be so: "In our Agile and DevOps circles there's a spirit of self-organizing and self-managing, which is all fine. However, there's often a too strong of a pendulum swing to the other side that we have seen in some circles. We hear, 'We don't need managers. We don't need leaders. We'll just let teams do it. You guys just get out of the way.' Well, when you're running multi-billion dollar global organizations it just doesn't work that way. We need leaders. We need managers. They play a very critical role in a transformation, like a move to DevOps."
Undergoing a transformation while having to continue business-as-usual is a major challenge, per Wallgren: "A syndrome that I see quite a lot is the 'I'm too busy drowning to learn how to swim'. You're not going to stop the clock while we do this transformation. Challenges continue, competition increases, and costs have to be controlled. That seems to be a problem in the trenches, but, I think that's more of a universal problem all up and down the chain. It is definitely a problem of, 'How do we change the tires on the car while we're driving on the freeway?'"
Change causes anxiety, which is a major threat to a DevOps transformation, according to Thrasher: "We talk about having an impetus for change. Which is usually an industry crisis, merger, or something like that. Something happens that causes management to say, 'Oh no, we need to do the DevOps.' The problem now is that you've created anxiety. Most people don't like change. There is a population of people that like that novelty, but the majority of the population does not like that novelty — they like predictability. Novelty is anxiety producing. There's this presumption that when you have novelty you have fight or flight. However, there's actually three things: fight, flight, or freeze. I think what happens in a lot of our organizations is freeze. Very few people react with 'Okay, crisis. Let's go get it!' The more common response, I believe, is that people freeze."
To see more and watch the full episode, go here.
Scaling Development Beyond Agile: The DevOps Way
Defining DevOps: Not Theory, Nor Implementation
7 Deadly DevOps Sins and How to Avoid Them
devops ,devops adoption ,work life
Published at DZone with permission of Anders Wallgren , DZone MVB. See the original article here.


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You know their names. Google. Facebook. Bank of America. Citi. Apple. Here's the story of how powerful monopolies hijacked the Bill of Rights to impose their radical politics on America.
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Islam's Violence is Rooted in Instability
Posted by Daniel Greenfield 44 Comments
Islamic violence is nearly impossible to deny. But why is Islam violent? The usual answer is to point to Koranic verses calling for the conquest and subjugation of non-Muslims. That certainly covers the theological basis for Islamic violence. But it fails to explain why Muslims continue to practice it. Even against each other. Violence has become the defining form of Islamic exceptionalism.
Optimists speak of reforming Islam. But such reforms had over a thousand years in which to take place.
Islam is an ideology. Its violence is a strategy. That strategy fit the needs of Mohammed. Mohammed chose to use force to spread his ideology. He needed to recruit fighters so he preached the inferiority of non-Muslims, the obligation for Muslims to conquer non-Muslims and the right of his fighters to seize the property and wives of non-Muslims as incentive for them to join his fight. Furthermore he even promised them that if they should fall in battle, they would receive loot and women in paradise.
The strategy was barbarous, but quite effective. Mohammed had created a new super-tribe in a tribal society. The tribe of Islam united different groups in a mission of conquest. The Islamic religion allowed the varying clans to be more effective and ambitious than their victims. Within a surprisingly short amount of time the chain of conquests made Islam into a world religion. The most effective Islamic conquerors could not only claim vast territories, carving up civilization into fiefdoms, but they could prepare their sons and grandsons to continue the chain of conquests.
Islam made the standard tactics of tribal warfare far more effective. Its alliance was harder to fragment and its fighters were not afraid of death. But at the same time Islam remained fundamentally tribal. It made tribal banditry more effective, but didn't change the civilization. It codified the tribal suspicion of outsiders and women into a religious doctrine. That still drives Islamic violence against non-Muslims and women today.
And yet Islam could have reformed. All it had to do was choose a different civilizational strategy.
The current clash of civilizations is between cooperative societies and hierarchal tribal societies. Western countries are cooperative societies. They succeed by bringing together a variety of peoples into cooperative organizations. These organizations negotiate and exchange everything from goods to mutual defense. Primitive versions of such organizations existed in Mohammed's time. They have also existed within Islamic societies, but they have been inhibited by the tribal instability of Islamic civilizations. Cooperative societies emphasize internal conscience over external posturing. Religion is a matter of personal morality, rather than collective conquest. Economic resources are developed by harnessing new ideas and techniques to provide wider benefits to the society.
Islamic tribal societies are governed by extended family groups and other hierarchies that, like Islam, serve a similar role. While such societies can be locally stable, albeit backward, expanding them is difficult because their only point of unity comes through conflict with outsiders. Without external conflicts with non-Muslims, tribal societies degenerate into internal tribal conflicts.
That is what happened in Iraq and Syria, not to mention Yemen and Libya. Most Muslim countries are delicately balanced on the edge of a precipice and they can be very easily tipped into horrifying violence between different groups if their fragile internal order breaks down and there are no outside enemies.
The Muslim expansion became unsustainable once the external spread of conquest limited the access of Muslim armies to non-Muslim victims. Islamic unity did not survive Mohammed for very long. Stability came through feudal societies which were slow, backward and unwieldy, but prevented conflict.
Ultimately the only stable Muslim society is a slave state. Modern dictatorships, which strive to imitate modern countries by building up professional elites of doctors, engineers, lawyers and generals, are eventually undone by them. It's the genuinely backward kingdoms that rely on oil wealth and slave labor which best weathered the changes of the past generations and maintained their ruling privileges.
And here we come to the fundamental crisis of Islamic violence.
Islamic civilization is fundamentally unstable and unsustainable. Contact with the modern world destabilized it setting off a series of chain reactions. Islamic civilization, particularly in the Middle East, could not make the transition to modernity. Those countries that had oil could buy their way out of the problem with generous subsidies at home while purchasing influence abroad. The Saudis made their own people rich while controlling the West. They financed wars without needing generals by funding terrorists. They kept a tribal society going by hiring foreign professionals to do most of the technical work.
Most Muslim countries however couldn't buy that type of immunity from modernity. And even the Saudis had only bought a temporary immunity that is running down along with oil prices. The most Islamic societies had followed the old Mohammedan practice of exhausting the land. But where were they going to move on to?
The mass migration to Europe is part of the answer. While Europeans are shocked at the sight of millions of people just picking up and walking away, the Middle East still has deep nomadic roots. Most Muslim countries are political and historical fictions. Family groups matter far more than national identities.
Outside Israel, agriculture in the Middle East is sparse. The strong attachment to the land that is found among Israelis or Europeans is absent. Feudalism associates working the land with inferiority and feudalism is a more recent memory among Muslims than among most Europeans. Success means expanding into someone else's land and living off the spoils rather than staying and working your own.
Western cooperative societies eagerly welcome Muslim migrants because they expect them to cooperate and contribute. But that is not happening. Muslim societies are hierarchal, not cooperative. The new arrivals expect to fit into a hierarchy. If they don't encounter a strict hierarchy, they seek to "conquer" by establishing their hierarchy with the supremacism of the Koran as their guide.
Western societies seek to settle permanently. They plan for the long term. Nomadic tribals burn through resources, viewing cities and institutions as assets to strip, raid and dispose of, before moving on. The Islamic migration is not a new phenomenon and Europe is not meant to be its stopping point.
This is a variation of Mohammed's old strategy. While some Islamic groups, such as ISIS and Al Qaeda, stay behind to battle for the dying lands of the Middle East to establish their own perfect society, large numbers of Muslims are choosing to move on to fresher pastures. This cycle will only repeat itself.
This strategy is why Islam continues to be violent. It's why exporting democracy is useless.
Democracy works in cooperative societies. It can only work within tribal societies as a democracy of groups. And it requires that these groups prefer cooperation to conflict as a civilizational strategy.
Islam favors conflict over cooperation. In the absence of outside enemies, its doctrine allows its quarreling groups to name each other as infidels, heretics and enemies. To reform Islam, Muslims would have to make the civilizational transition to a cooperative strategy. They would have to fundamentally change their values, their priorities and how their societies function.
And there is no sign of that happening.
Islamic civilization becomes unstable once it expands beyond its tribal limits. Its only coping strategy for that instability is violence, whether directed externally at non-Muslims or internally at other Muslims. Its economic development tools are limited and make supporting a modern society very difficult because they emphasize maintaining internal hierarchal stability over innovation and progress.
Islam is violent because it's unstable. Its only tool is violence. Its societies exhaust their limited resources and then invade their neighbors. They repeat the same strategy until they are stopped. Then the exhausted Islamic civilization becomes a staid slave society that is stable, but backward. If that society is disturbed, then the egg cracks and the whole horrible process of war, invasion and exhaustion begins again. That is what we are experiencing right now. And there is no easy answer to this problem.
We can inhibit the expansion of Islamic migration. Or it will wash over our societies and destroy them
Dr. Greenfield, your description of Islam is exactly our key to understanding this horrendous enemy, a remorseless juggernaut of acquisition and destruction. Our most beloved people, esthetics, and entire civilization are at stake. This enemy is formidable; we must first shed all compassion and equivocation.
In countering Islamic onslaught, are we obliged to become the "Moses/Jesus" Team? Muslims have been well prepared; certain that martyrdom brings infinite reward. Our Western beliefs have been compromised, hedged, left behind. Our society can no longer win by emulating the Knights Templar.
Will victory go to the most obsessive? To vanquish aggression from these dehumanized hoards requires knowing what they are, and who we are. (Sun Tzu) Our ideal weapon is our focused, dispassionate rationality. We don't wait for the rat to bite before setting the trap. We attack preemptively, unpredictably, from many directions: social, economic, psychological, kinetic and more. Ruthlessly and overwhelmingly.
Some countermeasures should be obvious:
- Redefine Islam as an Ideology, not religion.
- Immediately start exploiting our energy resources.
- Selling the surplus on the world market.
- Abandon all "global warming" nonsense.
- End foreign aid to Islamic countries, U.N. and NGO's.
- Retribution to all connected to hijackers, hostage takers.
- Control entry.
- Expel all likely enemy persons.
- Quick punishment for treason, conspiracy, abetting.
ABSJ1136
Mr. Cohen said...
Most Jews do not know that the laws of Islam require that 100% of Israel be destroyed and forever wiped-off-the-map.
According to Islamic law, the status of Jews is only a little higher than the status of slaves. Therefore, Islam considers an independent Jewish state to be almost as unacceptable as an independent state of slaves.
Kim Harrison said...
Zundfolge said...
Whenever I hear people mention how Islam needs a "reformation" like Christianity had we have to remember that the Protestant Reformation was about returning Christianity to the roots of Jesus teaching and doctrine.
Islam has already had this same "reformation". It's called Salafism and Wahhabism
Frau Katze said...
There's a long discussion at the blog West Hunter about the Saudi attempts to modernize and diversity their economy. Several people with first hand contact with Saudis left comments. They seem very hopeless, since the elite are used to not having to work for a living. Greg Cochran (a scientist who runs the site and doesn't usually discuss such topics) said just from reading the news, with some knowledge of history, he concluded that that ME was hopelessly dysfunctional.
https://westhunt.wordpress.com/2016/06/01/saudi-modernization/
Thinking of the overall trends in the Middle East. Strategies thus far:
Traditional rulers = lazy thieves. Doesn't work.
Irreligious modernizers: Ataturk, Baathists, Nasser, FLN, Shah. Doesn't work.
Islamic fundamentalism. Doesn't work.
I see that Merkel is planning to bring in another half mil migrants into her beloved Germany in spite of increased crime, disruption to the lives of the citizens and burden on the state to house and feed them. One has to wonder if this is lunacy or perhaps a long range plan. Since they breed like rabbits one ought to be able to conclude that 500,000 will double inside of two years. Yup, looks like a plan to me. Otherwise one would have to lay the blame on incompetence but then that would indict most of the leaders of the western world as morons wouldn't it? Agenda seems more likely. Has there ever been, in recorded history, such a well planned, sanctioned invasion? Everywhere?
Infidel said...
I was going to point out that the violence is part of a strategy, but you beat me to it. Oh well :)
I have been wondering today whether Muslims have been devolving since the 700s, so we get a chance to see what people were like back then by watching them.
OK, back to reading and finishing the article :)
OK, brilliant article. A+++
You continue to amaze with your deep understanding of and insights into strategy.
Sheri Oz said...
Reads as an accurate portrayal of something for which there is no solution except finding another planet to inhabit.
Johnny said...
Part of it is the open countryside that the Arab populations come from. Combine that with transportation by horse or camel and the situation is one that strongly favors attacks and disfavors defense. The commonplace outcome will be aggressive tribal people. Other examples of this are the Russian Steppe region that produced the Mongolian 'Hordes' and the horse warriors in America's Great Plains region.
More specifically with regard to Islam is that the sex rules tend to cause reproduction between closely related individuals. This will strengthen the tribal culture and internal to the tribe, the clans; at the general expense of larger cultural units such as nation states or multi tribal empires. Thus you have what commonly exists in most Islamic areas, feuding tribal people who have little ability to form strong national unions.
In Europe we are happy to have Mr Orban and Mr Zeman. They are not prone to bow at the snap of Brussels finger, and refuse to islamise their countries. And even in Western Europe the opposition to EU elite and their crazy policies is growing and growing. Brexit could be a tremendous blow to the European Soviet Union and it's islamophile Leftist government.
Clelia&Eric, Eurabia, Italian province.
The printing press also spread numerous copies of the bible allowing people to recognize that its message was far more peaceful than established doctrines.
With islam this greater awareness has the opposite effect especially in modern times where the internet facilitates in spreading its hateful message and provides jihadis a global reach.
Bearinheart said...
Two very important points Greenfield makes, the first being the Middle East's "deep nomadic roots," a fact seldom, if ever, included in explanations of the mass migration occurring in the EU right now. Secondly, that tribalism is only democratic when united around a common purpose, such as an agreed-upon conquest or alliance, which then devolves again into tribalism when the former agreement ceases being agreeable and/or the factions begin warring with each other again over power and control. True democracy is completely out of reach when these two points are closely considered and understood, which is why the EU's fantasy of happy, multi-culti diversity as a desired outcome of allowing the invasion is magical thinking and doomed to fail. By the time -- and IF -- the dupes and dopes running the EU figure this out, it will be too little, too late and the formerly united Judeo-Christian founding of many of the EU's countries will have dissolved as in acid. I don't see this being discussed anywhere else but here, so I deeply appreciate Greenfield's unique take on these issues.
Dymphna said...
"And yet Islam could have reformed. All it had to do was choose a different civilizational strategy."
Why should they change? What compelling reason can we offer? World Peace? They don't believe in that concept. Nothing could be more foreign to a desert tribal society founded on scarcity. The whole world must become the Ummah before it's a safe space for Islam.
The key is "choose different[ly]"...but such choice/change is incompatible with the rigidity of its foundational documents...
As you have written so eloquently in the past Islam is an aggressive, imperialist and totalitarian ideology.
Besides, the bloody massacres are a good way to use/dispose of single males who would otherwise turn their natural testosterone-driven aggression inward, attacking/displacing the old sheikhs. Creating a way to turn them outwards instead increases cultural cohesion and gets rid of those troublesome youths.
The system works, particularly with the death penalty cemented in place for "apostates". It wasn't that long ago when Catholics and Jews exacted a high personal/familial price for anyone who chose to leave. But there was an alternative place to BE for those Judaeo-Christian apostates. However, when the whole of your world is Islam from horizon to horizon where can a poor, ignorant and unskilled young man go??
And why would those who exercise the real power in this ideology *ever* want it to be any different than it is now? As usual, FTM: Follow the Money.
Watch MENA become more pliable over time as their need for Israel increases. Obama's deeply immoral "treaty" with Iran and his release of 150 bln to an insane eschatological polity allowed the ayatollahs to ramp up the arming of Iran's murderous allies. Saudi Arabia is scared stiff...and the violence against Israel/Lebanon, etc., will increase exponentially. It has already begun. Poor Sderot.
People change when there is something in it for them. What's the benefit of change when the tried-and-true works so darn well??
Sergeant Pete said...
"We can inhibit the expansion of Islamic migration. Or it will wash over our societies and destroy them"
I'm afraid that "inhibiting" them isn't going to cut the mustard. Slowing down migration still leaves the tumors festering, waiting to boil over and start the whole thing again. I'm not advocating genocidal holy war... they are. Sadly, I don't see how this cycle stops without horrific efforts to eradicate this evil "religion of peace". They are not going to stop until they are stopped. *sigh*
Liza Jones said...
I'm reminded of the Biblical plague of locusts- an instinctive biological imperative to gorge and then move on when the food source is exhausted. Consanguineous relationships likely factor into the mix as well and limit cognitive development in an exponentially exploding population. Tribal, primordial, instinctive. Scary.
JackIAm said...
Thank you Daniel! Thank you Anon - ABSJ1136!
In my 8 or little more years of study of the islam satanic fraud gang of control and destruction, your program is the first to be well laid out, broadly considered, realistic, comprehensive, detailed, strategic and reachable.
The only most difficult part I see is to shed "all compassion and equivocation", so far I judge, that to be very difficult for America, for both good and confused (due to apathy, laziness, lack of education, and above all lack of true Spiritual Knowledge, confidence, and Faith (all of which lead to gullibility in the face of incredible deceit (taqiyya, kitman), even from our own regime, along with stunning inexcusable arrogance too, (Gruber, Rhodes, hussein, Clinton, et al)!!!), as was also our entry into WW2, which involved much the same principle. We presently are in the very dangerous national position of the 'frog being boiled by slowly raising the temperature!'
The question is, will we collectively notice in time before we are effectively parboiled, or wake up and jump into action ferociously, playing catch up?!
How do we address these issues? Sadly evidenced by this from AP and D. of Education: http://bigstory.ap.org/article/83b63dd072834510bb75d2cce1dd4658/look-chronic-absenteeism-across-america Among numerous other studies of evidence of our Western and American fabric fraying to tatters, of a dangerously "compromised" America!
Even those who should be a strong vanguard, THE ASCETICS, are horribly "compromised" and unimaginably misled, willingly, in faiths that should not ever be so. Many even attempt to "build bridges" of an infinite gap to the unseen satan and his devils!!
Today's 11, a much favored date and it's ramadan month... just keep safe. When they push we push back harder. That's it
Edward Cline said...
A very perceptive insight into the nature of Islam. Islam is a primitive system that ought to have been consigned to the dust heap ages ago. But Western "tolerance" of its "civilization" has given it a new lease on life by enacting pro-immigration policies -- shall we call them the "Prime Directive" from Star Trek for an advanced civilization not to influence Islamic culture, ethics, and practices? -- by allowing millions of Muslims to leave their pest holes for fresher meadows to despoil, instead of remaining in those pest holes and fighting each other there over whose tribe is the strongest or superior. And because it is forbidden to leave Islam under pain of death, Muslims simply perpetuate their stagnant system and seek to impose it on conquered Western societies -- and largely at the invitation of PC Western governments, which Islamist leaders wish to take over or stack in the way of demographics.
Peter Hyatt said...
Islam is history's most successful criminal ideology. Supremacist ideology must always have violence due to the innate inequalities of life. If one neighbor has more goats than self, it can only be due to exploitation because self has been told, since childhood, that he is supreme.
This ideology is reinforced upon millions with low IQ, with poor impulse control. As they migrate into Europe, dhimmitude stance such as not being arrested for sex crimes, only enhances self view of supremacy.
Islam versus post-Christian Europe? Islam, by knock out, in the 5th round.
Peter Hyatt
www.statement-analysis.blogspot.com
Reading the comments got me thinking, maybe Islam should be blamed for climate change and environmental destruction in their areas over the centuries.
I don't know if the "Islam" mental affliction will ever vanish entirely. Yet, like Smallpox, Plague, Malaria, our understanding of its nature, vectors, epidemiology leads to its defeat.
Recently, the oil wealth seized from Western companies fed it. Before that, Christian lands of Spain, Byzantium, Zoroastrian Persia, and Mediterranean shipping fed it. India, Indonesia, Mindanao and more all became hosts.
The widespread acquisition and use of technology and science to create wealth never happened in these afflicted societies. The spoils of war were consumed, then the Dhimmis were squeezed.
This is what fed Islam. Then what? It will starve without the "Sanction of the Victim". (see Ayn Rand) What are the rivers of resource flowing into Islam?
1. Misguided (or worse) Politicians: Obama, Merkel, Holland, etc. admitting and subsidizing legions of Jihadis/Hijra. Bad trade agreements, treaties.
2. North Korea, junkyard dog of China, and recipient of stolen U.S. missile and warhead secrets via China.
3. Deluded religion leaders, tourists, journalists. They serve up poisonous propaganda, and become hostages and human shields.
4. Members of self pitying favored "minorities"; signal their virtue by providing ideological aid.
5. Crony industry giants, who live by government fiat. They often become preferred traders to Islam, even in spite of laws.
To Johnny: You give the Arab too much credit comparing them to the Mongol horde. And while their migration to Europe has been in dribs and drabs for years now, the flood gates only started a year ago as part of a new strategy to "overwhelm" governments. The traitors in government leadership know full well whom they are dealing with. They will not work. They will not contribute to the public welfare. They will only drain the coffers as their numbers explode and as those numbers explode the situation will explode as well.
To Sheri: "find another planet?" Are you serious? Will you leave your home because a couple of rats show up? Don't be a coward. Let's send more Jihadists to their promised land!
Dymphna: The "... aggressive, imperialist and totalitarian ideology" is aided by foreign enemies called the media who brainwash the public about the "ROP", religion on peace. Religion of Peace my ass!
Walter Scott said...
Islam looks like mass hysteria. What's in it for any sane person? Perpetual war, mass killings, bombing marketplaces. Never enough peace or stability for normalized living. Note that the millions of Muslim refugees streaming into Europe don't want to go to neighbouring Muslim countries but will risk everything to get to Europe because they see comfortable stable life awaiting them that someone else has worked hard to create & pay for. Europe was devastated and ruined after WW2 but we pulled ourselves out of it by hard work and determination. Now the European left have sabotaged our continent by importing this virus. It's Hitler all over again. Attacks on European Jews have increased with this influx. I fear for the rational, civilised world we made. We're handing it to neanderthal savages.
Now let's take Mr. Greenfield's thought to the next level: The progressive left also follows a tribal model. What, after all, is identity politics but the fracturing of a cohesive and cooperative cultural whole into competing tribes? What are urban poverty plantations and "black lives matter" other than the creation of a grievance-powered tribe? What is the entire effort to destroy and erase from memory American culture but a movement towards tribalism, some which are officially favored, some officially detested? Once you grasp this, the decades-long love of progressives (and fascists before them) for Islam becomes more understandable. These are TWO scourges that need to be eradicated before anything approaching harmony can exist on our planet.
It will be amusing to watch how the mass shooting by Omar in Orlando plays out in the Oval Office and the "news"rooms of the MSM. Here we have two of the Left's special-status favored groups at war. Oh my goodness, who shall we side with? Can we blame the gun? Did white males start it? Is ISIS Islamic? (Wringing of hands and gnashing of teeth offstage.)
Empress Trudy said...
A thousand times more commentary by non Muslims vs the self reflection of Muslims themselves have been wasted on the topic of 'what the hell is wrong with these people?'
Enough. Truly. Enough. There is no value no point in wasting another erg on this stupidity. This IS Islam, this IS their culture. No further exegesis is needed nor is it useful. At best it's a distraction. They see us like insects to be squashed. Why that is is irrelevant. Take the appropriate steps in accordance with their beliefs and actions.
Dan, you are SO on target here, however the current situation is not being done by idiots, however tribal their origins. WE ALL NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHERE THEY ARE COMING FROM in order to most effectively oppose them. I recommend your readers learn all about it by checking out the work of Stephen Coughlin and of Frank Gaffney; start with YouTube and then go to Amazon for their books. It's also very worthwhile in understnding what's happening to read Syed Qutb's MILESTONES, which you can download as PDF from tinyurl.com/qutbmiles. THIS IS THE PATH THEY FOLLOW, get to know them. "If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles." - Sun Tzu
fsy said...
They see us like insects to be squashed. Why that is is irrelevant.
What is relevant is our own self-image as worthy of existence which is in great need of strengthening if we want to fight this group which has no trouble justifying itself. Maybe this is why the topic of 'what the hell is wrong with these people?' is still popular, because it puts things into some kind of perspective, but what we really need is to know what we stand for, not just why they are evil.
One of the main things that is wrong with homosexuality is that it is by nature an extreme form of selfish hedonism, as opposed to the normal ('heterosexual') sex drive, which can and should be channeled into producing and perpetuating families and the human race. Everyone knows that the "gay marriage" movement is a fake and that only a tiny percentage of homosexuals are really interested in it (and certainly not in the sense of the traditional exclusivity of marriage) since their whole lifestyle is only directed towards their own temporary pleasure.
The Orlando shooting puts this all into sharp focus. If all "we" stand for is "gay bars" and the like among the "straight" majority, we will never defeat Islam. Who is willing to die (or even to kill) for hedonism?
Could you tell us what the fascination the Democrats have with blaming everything on the constitution and always working to Destroy it, is this to prepare the US for Sharia Law?
Stacey Gordon said...
For all of their oil wealth, and the golden toileted hotel rooms, the Saudi's can't even run a hospital without "importing" labor. And since the majority of employees in most hospitals are women... well you can understand how their staffing quotas are hard to meet.
Empress Trudy, thank you for your terse truth. We suffer from over-introspection. Should we become a tidbit to Islam? We were fed guilt about the Crusades, Inquisition, Native Americans, Slaves, Imperialism, Capitalism, Pollution, Hiroshima, Planetary Death... Enough!!! Wake UP!
Swat this malarial mosquito. Then let's continue as the creative, benevolent, self-correcting, free civilization we are.
Rabbi B said...
"He will be a wild ass of a man; his hand will be against everyone
and everyone's hand against him, and he will live in hostility
toward all his brothers." (cf. Genesis 16)
JayneI said...
We in the west are at the mercy of our leaders. These leaders seem bent upon not seeing the islam as a threat. Why?
So, as an older Christian, God fearing woman, I do pray for the West. But I also fear. I read an analogy that sticks with me, the West is like an armored limousine driving through an insanely violent land. Sooner or later ....
Saints preserve us, as the women in my family used to say, pray. Saints preserve us. Might I also add, powerful, intelligent men and strong, superior technology preserve us.
Trump has to be the defence
Weaponized muslims are the leftists' ultímate warrior, their wettest dream come true, because you know, the have-nots aren't reliable once they get a flat screen, gays want a third bathroom and that's about it… but muslims when weaponized with that mixture of guilt for wanting western goodies and rejection for fear of acculturation, oh my, they really are the perfect machine gun. Immigration therefore is a must if chaos is to prevail which is the first stage, the second is disarming the population at large. Thirdly the Soetoro-Clinton-Dynasty reigns a thousand years after renaming the Bible as Obamorum Koranorum where prophet Barry dictates the definitive ecolo-creed.
Hey Daniel, In scriptures, there is the writing on the wall. Most radio and other pundits never address the free agency given by Jahovah to humans. There is a LISW test given to people to determine their perception of others. A psychological tag to put on people to discern their defficientcy. Sorry, going through a lot in my life. But still pay attention. Cancer, consumes one's thoughts.
This article is as profound as it is chilling. It's one of the best I've seen written by anyone. I would amplify what you've said with the following comment: One major problem with Islam is that it is approximately 700 years behind Christianity (and even further behind Judaism) in its evolution toward modernity. Even within Christendom, the last major war of religion ended as recently as 1648 (Thirty Years War). Unless the pace of cultural evolution within Islam increases unexpectedly, it will be centuries before Islam is ready to leave the Middle Ages, enter the modern world, and adopt peaceful standards of behavior.
Thanks for what you do, Daniel, and keep up the good work.
Cool, concise, got that whole Humpty Dumpty aspect goin on, you the man Dan, givin sociology profs fits, love it brother. Greg Rn.
People aren't going to give up their religion and beliefs, taught to them as children, without a serious fight. Maybe 1 person in 100 can see through the cultural biases and build his own ideals.
Societies can be turned over many decades through the elite having control of areas like media, entertainment, schools & universities. Along with judiciary and rules writing in the institutions. As is happening in Saudi Arabia... the Saudi rulers make the point to Westerners that each step of reform they make is fiercely opposed by the people of the nation, and so they can only go so quickly.
But Saudi Arabia has oil to placate people, and oil to literally buy time to gradually change minds. And oil to pay for an army to mercilessly kill those who fight back against being 'reformed'.
But most Muslim countries do not have much time, because the industrial worlds media & technology have hit these tribalist societies like a ton of bricks. The people can't stop these technologies as they are too cheap and effective. And they can't stop the media/entertainment, because it is too seductive to resist. But since the new ideas & the obvious superiority of non-muslim nations fundamentally breaks their paradigms of the world - they strike out with sheer rage.
cjk said...
I think you got the cart before the horse. Mohammedanism is violent and unstable because that is what's written.
It's even a stretch to actually believe that Moe existed as he is described in their war books. I find much more evidence of it being created in Bagdad after the initial conquests occurred. It's base may have started out tribal and nomadic, but by the time it was actually settled, it was fully urbanized.
Sibyl Smith said...
Islam is an unstable ideology which has innate contradictions that create cognitive dissonance in the minds of its adherents. The relatively peaceable, tolerant earlier Mecca writings and directives are completely contradicted by the violent, angry, supremacist Medina writings. There is an irreconcilable difference between the two. This keeps individuals, families, groups, tribes in conflict and in a state of mental instability.
Islam conditions its adherents to become angry, sociopathic, inhumane, cruel, without conscience or self-control. Islam obliterates humanity, love and mercy, forgiveness, redemption. Islam creates mindless killing machines, people who rationalize taking others property, rape, cruel forms of punishment, invasion, disrespect and disregard of other people, ideologies, laws and nations.
Islam's fruit, lust, lies, oppression, misogyny, radial hate, conquest, death, is the opposite of the Fruit of the Holy Spirit which is righteousness, love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, gentleness, forgiveness, freedom and self-control.
Islam's idea of martyrdom is killing others for its ideology. Even this is contradictory to real martyrdom, which is being persecuted and killed for one's cause.
Islam is the opposite of holy in every way. As a priest once wrote, Islam is the religion of the fallen flesh...a man-made ideology which reflects the character of fallen man.
Advo said...
"Optimists speak of reforming Islam. But such reforms had over a thousand years in which to take place."
-Daniel Greenfield
What if Islam had a reformation, and this is it?
- Mark Steyn, America Alone
This isn't an immigration event, this is a Hegira.
The reason that America is being victimized and will be plundered by these nomadic raiders is because we as a people believe that Islam is just a religion, and is thus protected by the 1st amendment. Greenfield stopped short of addressing that issue, but his implications make it clear that no Muslim including citizens should be allowed to reside or even travel in any free nation. They have always plundered the wealth of nations, raped, enslaved, and committed the worst atrocities known to man. To allow them to live among civilized, cooperative peoples is to doom western societies to their intrigues, and mind control tactics which undermine the core values of freedom by their subversion of the laws and cultures of Judeo-Christian constitutions, which is the basis for all God-given freedom. DEPORTATION is both constitutional, necessary and righteous in preserving our nation. Let us begin to promote and plan to initiate the idea here in the United States. It is the most humane and effective way to prevent the certainty of future conflict, and spare our nation the plague of Islamic atrocities which can be mapped by the movement of this international Mafia crime family whose godfather Mohammad taught them how to plunder their way through history.
VA Rancher said...
Brilliant and completely correct. Too bad it can't happen here...
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Who Runs March for Our Lives?
Follow the money. It's a strange political fact, but nearly every major anti-gun group has been a front group. The NRA is maligned 24/7 an...
This Civil War - My South Carolina Tea Party Convention Speech
(The following is the speech that I delivered this Sunday at the South Carolina Tea Party Coalition Convention in Myrtle Beach. My appre...
The Ugly Terror Truth About Jamal Khashoggi
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Europe's Next World War Begins in France
Interior Minister Gerard Collomb made it official. France is "in a state of war". It's not just rhetoric. Bombs turn up in a posh Par...
My name is Daniel Greenfield . I am a Shillman Journalism Fellow at the David Horowitz Freedom Center. And my journalistic beat at F...
How America's Polygamy Ban Blocked Muslim Immigration
A hundred years ago, Muslims were furious over an immigration bill whose origins lay with advocacy by a headstrong and loudmouthed Republica...
Government Shuts Down, Nation Descends into Riots, Looting and Cannibalism
The United States of America (1787-2013) came to a swift and sudden end last night as the government shut down. The nation which had survi...
This Culture War We're In
How are wars won? To win a war you don't need to kill every soldier on the other side. What you need to do is destroy the other army a...
No Truce With the Left
There comes a time when every conservative thinker tries to find some common ground with the left in some area. Today it's criminal righ...
America Doesn't Have a Gun Problem, It Has a Democrat Problem
America's mass shooting capital isn't somewhere out west where you can get a gun at the corner store. It's in Obama's own ho...
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