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Disability employment advisory committee adds 17 public members
New members will help increase integrated employment opportunities
WASHINGTON — U.S. Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez today announced the 17 public members who will serve on the new Advisory Committee on Increasing Competitive Integrated Employment for Individuals with Disabilities, a key provision of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act.
Signed by President Obama in July 2014, WIOA helps job seekers, including those with disabilities, access services to succeed in employment and matches employers with skilled workers. Reflecting this, the committee will advise the U.S. Secretary of Labor on ways to increase competitive integrated employment opportunities for individuals with significant disabilities. This includes recommendations on the use and oversight of the certificate program under section 14(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act.
Integrated employment refers to jobs held by people with disabilities in workplace settings where the majority of employees do not have disabilities. In these jobs, individuals with disabilities earn wages consistent with those paid workers without disabilities performing the same or similar work, make at least minimum wage and are paid directly by their employer.
"It has been demonstrated, time and time again, that when people with disabilities have access to meaningful employment opportunities, they become some of the most productive workers and contribute in a substantial way to their workplaces and the economy. Employing people with disabilities is a win-win for workers, employers and the entire community," said Secretary Perez. "This is sound public policy, and the advisory committee will help us expand opportunities for more people with disabilities."
Selected from more than 280 nominations, the 17 members represent six groups, as described in the law:
Self-advocates for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities:
Patrick Hendry, Mental Health America
Karen McCulloh, McCulloh and Associates
Santa Perez, People First of Nevada
Providers of employment services, including those who employ individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities in competitive integrated employment:
Brian Itzkowitz, Goodwill Industries of Arkansas Inc.
Christine McMahon, Fedcap
Representatives of national disability advocacy organizations for adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities:
Alison Barkoff, Bazelon Center
Ruby Moore, National Disability Rights Network
Mark Perriello, American Association of People with Disabilities
Experts with a background in academia or research and expertise in employment and wage policy issues for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities:
Valerie Brooke, Virginia Commonwealth University
David Mank, Indiana Institute on Disability and Community
Representatives from the employer community or national employer organizations:
Oswald Mondejar, Partners Continuing Care
Steve Pemberton, Walgreens
Other individuals or representatives of organizations with expertise on increasing opportunities for competitive integrated employment for individuals with disabilities:
Cesilee Coulson, Washington Initiative for Supported Employment
Sharyn Hancock, Workforce Essentials, Inc.
Rita Landgraf, Delaware State Department of Health and Social Services
Lisa Pugh, Disability Rights Wisconsin
Fredric Schroeder, Interwork Institute at San Diego State University
Seven federal officials will also serve on the committee:
Assistant Secretary of the Office of Disability Employment Policy at the U.S. Department of Labor;
Assistant Secretary of the Employment and Training Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor;
Administrator of the Wage and Hour Division at the U.S. Department of Labor;
Commissioner of the Administration on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, or the commissioner's designee;
Director of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or the director's designee;
Commissioner of Social Security, or the commissioner's designee; and
Commissioner of the Rehabilitation Services Administration, or the commissioner's designee.
The first meeting of the committee will take place Jan. 22 and 23, 2015 at the U.S. Access Board in Washington, D.C. More information about the committee, upcoming meetings and members can be found at http://www.dol.gov/odep/topics/WIOA.htm.
Office of Disability Employment Policy
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14-2331-NAT
Contact: Laura McGinnis
mcginnis.laura.k@dol.gov
MSHA News Brief: MSHA announces results of May impact inspections [06/24/2015]
OFCCP News Release: US Labor Department settles second discrimination charge against Lincoln Electric Co. in Cleveland, Ohio [06/12/2014]
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I'm working through some weedy NSA stuff, and wanted to "handle" a discrete point about a change in NSA's Section 702 minimization procedures dating to 2012.
Earlier this year, the government provided ACLU with the full Section 702 order from 2012, though ACLU re-released it last week with a bunch of other things (and the opinion makes more sense in conjunction with these releases). Previously, the government had just released the 9 pages of the opinion pertaining to John Bates' satisfaction that the NSA had properly dealt with all the domestic upstream transactions it had acquired prior to October 31, 2011. The newly unredacted material in the version of the opinion released this year include details about changes to the 702 minimization procedures in 2012, as well as language describing five pages from a November 2011 opinion resolving the upstream surveillance.
"Processing" versus "handling" information. In a number of places in the amended NSA minimization procedures, the government has replaced the term "processed" with the word "handled." See Amended NSA Minimization Procedures at 9 (§ 5(1)) & 12 (§§ 6(c)(l) & 6(c)(2)). Both the previously-approved NSA minimization procedures and the amended procedures define the terms "processed" or "processing" to mean "any step necessary to convert a communication into an intelligible form intended for human inspection." Id. at 2 (§ 2(h)). The previously-approved procedures did not uniformly use the terms in a manner consistent with that narrow definition. This clarifying change remedies that inconsistency by using the distinct term "handled" or "handling" to refer to the treatment of communications after they have been rendered intelligible for human inspection. This non-substantive change reduces the potential for confusion and mistake and raises no issue under Section 1801(h).
Now, we can't see exactly what this change looks like, because we only have the 2011 and 2014 minimization procedures, not the 2012 that implemented this change. In 2011 the minimization procedures mentioned "processing" data 18 times (including the definition) and "handling" it just three times (neither of these minimization procedures define "handling"). By the 2014 minimization procedures, "process" is mentioned just four times (including the two definitional references), and "handl[e]" is mentioned 18 times. As I'll lay out below, the word processing came to be used exclusively for data manipulation for which the NSA would want plausible deniability regarding the status of US person communications. So I wanted to track all the changes and retentions of the two terms.
The 2012 and 2013 minimization procedures may have made some interim changes. As noted, the opinion cites just three passages of what would become the 2012 minimization procedures where the language changed.
And on page 13 at §§ 6(c)(l) & 6(c)(2), which permit the sharing of information with CIA and FBI.
(1) (U) NSA may provide to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) unminimized communications acquired pursuant to section 702 of the Act. CIA will identify to NSA targets for which NSA may provide unminimized communications to CIA. CIA will handle any such unminimized communications received from NSA in accordance with CIA minimization procedures adopted by the Attorney General, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, pursuant to subsection 702(e) of the Act.
(2) (U) NSA may provide to the FBI unminimized communications acquired pursuant to section 702 of the Act. The FBI will identify to NSA targets for which NSA may provide unminimized communications to the FBI. The FBI will handle any such unminimized communications received from NSA in accordance with FBI minimization procedures adopted by the Attorney General, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, pursuant to subsection 702(e) of the Act.
But, as noted above, either the NSA made the "process" to "handle" change in far more places in 2012 than noted in the opinion or it continued to change things from "process" to "handle" between 2012 and 2014.
To begin with, in 2011 there were already three uses of the word "handle." Those were all in the discussion on how to deal with upstream transactions, and so would have been new in 2011.
On page 4, §3(b)(5)(a)(1)(b), which discusses how the NSA should treat multiple communication transactions (MCTs) that have been reviewed and moved into more generally accessible repositories.
Any information moved or copied from the segregated repository into repositories more generally accessible to NSA analysts will be processed in accordance with subsection 3(b)(5)(b) below and handled in accordance the other applicable provisions of these procedures.
On page 5, §3(b)(5)(a)(2), which discusses upstream communications that are not segregated as MCTs most likely to include US person transactions.
Internet transactions that are not identified and segregated pursuant to subsection 3(b)(5)a. will be processed in accordance with subsection 3(b)(5)(b) below and handled in accordance with the other applicable provisions of these procedures.
And on page 5, §3(b)(5)(b)(2)(a), which explains that if an analyst wants to use a communication within a transaction that involves the actual selector that identified the communication, the analyst can treat US person information as it would normally (that is, as incidental communication).
If the discrete communication is to, from, or about a tasked selector, any U.S. person information in that communication will be handled in accordance with the applicable provisions of these procedures.
So the minimization procedures started to move to "handle" in 2011, at least three more instances did so in 2012, but by the 2014 minimization procedures, "process" is retained just four times (including the two definitional references). The two remaining non-definitional uses of processing are page 4, §3(b)(4)(a)(1), which effectively permits an exception to the segregation rules on upstream MCTs in order to render upstream collection intelligible to analysts.
Notwithstanding subsection 3(b)(4)a. above, NSA may process Internet transactions acquired through NSA upstream collection techniques in order to render such transactions intelligible to analysts.
And page 14 §8(b), which permits NSA to share information with foreign governments for technical and linguistic assistance.
The other mentions of processing that get lost between 2011 and 2014 are §3(b)(1), which takes out a reference to the "processing cycle." §3(b)(3) provides explicit permission to process magnetic tapes or other storage media.
Finally, one use of "process" got dropped at §3(b)(4). In 2011, the passage stated that only domestic transactions that are fit the retention exception may be "processed," a meaning which would now be handled. But the 2011 clause still permitted other transactions to be "retained or disseminated," according to the procedures.
As a communication is reviewed, NSA analyst(s) will determine whether it is a domestic or foreign communication to, from, or about a target and is reasonably believed to contain foreign intelligence information or evidence of a crime. Only such communications may be processed. All other communications may be retained or disseminated only in accordance with Sections 5, 6, and 8 of these procedures.
As a communication is reviewed, NSA analyst(s) will determine whether it is a domestic or foreign communication to, from, or about a target and is reasonably believed to contain foreign intelligence information or evidence of a crime for purposes of assessing how the communication should be handled in accordance with these procedures.


Courts are scrambling to rule on state election laws in time for the elections being held later this year.
There are 15 states with new voting laws that have never before been used during a presidential election, according to a report by the Brennan Center for Justice. These laws include restrictions like voter ID requirements and limits on early voting. Many are making their way through the courts, which have already called a halt to two laws in the past month — one in North Carolina and one in North Dakota.
Status: Litigation Pending. New voting law will be in place on election day.
While a federal judge declined to issue a preliminary injunction against Alabama's photo-ID law in February, a case against the law will go forward, with a trial expected in 2017. Alabama election law also requires proof of citizenship, a statute upheld in late June (the D.C. Circuit court of appeals will hear arguments in September).
The Lawyer's Committee for Civil Rights Under Law filed suit against Maricopa County on June 2, after the county cut down the number of polling places for the presidential primary by 70 percent. The reduction in polling place caused lines so long that some people waited up to five hours, and many people left without voting. The county had only one polling place for every 21,000 voters.
The suit asks for court supervision over all elections through the 2020 presidential primary, limits on waiting time at polls, and court approval over polling place maps.
Less than a week after the election, an Arizona election official apologized. "I apologize profusely — I can't go back and undo it," the official said.
The state also made it a felony to collect ballots for others and bring them to the polls, a law which will be in force for the first time for the 2016 election.
The GOP-dominated legislature passed a law back in 2009 that required voters to show proof of citizenship when registering. But the state couldn't implement it until received the go-ahead in January from the United States Election Assistance Commission. The EAC is a federal government agency that was created by the Help America Vote Act in the wake of the 2000 Florida election fiasco. It develops election-administration guidelines and serves as the election administration clearinghouse. The League of Women Voters filed suit a month later over Georgia's proof-of-citizenship requirement, as well as similar ones in Alabama and Kansas, and lost. Another lawsuit is pending alleging that the state illegally purged voters from the rolls.
In 2015, a judge ruled in favor of an American Civil Liberties Union lawsuit challenging a law that made it a felony to take a photo of your own ballot.
On the same day as rulings in Wisconsin and North Carolina, a state district judge in Kansas allowed voters to have their primaries ballots counted even without proof of citizenship to have their ballots counted in the state's primary election. An order not to count the ballots had been issued by Kansas Secretary of State Kris Kobach. It was part of an effort, started in 2013, to set up a two-tiered voting system, which prohibits voters who don't show proof of citizenship (which is not required by federal voting law) from voting in state-level elections (Another case based on the two-tiered system is winding its way through appeals. The judge intends to rule again in September, before the November election.
A federal judge struck down Michigan's ban on straight-ticket voting in July, ruling that it would unfairly burden black voters. In straight-ticket voting, a voter can select all candidates from the same party with one stroke. African-American voters are more likely to vote Democrat, and lawyers opposing the ban found that 70 percent of ballots in Detroit and Flint — cities with high percentages of African Americans — were cast with straight-ticket voting.
In 2013, Nebraska shortened early voting from a 35-day minimum to a 30-day maximum. The new system has never been tested during a presidential election.
New Hampshire's photo-ID law was first passed in 2012, when a Republican-controlled legislature overrode a veto by a Democratic governor. In September 2015, the state added a safety net for people without ID: They'll have their picture taken at the polls and get cards sent to their home address to confirm their identities. In July 2015, Governor Maggie Hassan, a Democrat, vetoed a bill that would have required a 30-day residency to vote.
A judge ruled in favor of plaintiffs asking for a preliminary injunction blocking North Dakota's strict ID law on August 1, thanks in large part to evidence that it disproportionately disenfranchised Native-American voters. The law, one of the most restrictive in the country, only allowed a few forms of acceptable ID, such as a North Dakota driver's license, a tribal identification card, or a state ID, and required the ID to show a current address. Native Americans, the judge found, are significantly less likely to have valid forms of ID. The law also eliminated "fail-safe" measures, like allowing voters without an ID to sign an affidavit and have their vote counted.
"The record is replete with concrete evidence of significant burdens imposed on Native American voters attempting to exercise their right to vote in North Dakota," wrote District Judge Daniel L. Hovland.
The state likely won't appeal the injunction before the 2016 election. "We feel we have no choice but to comply with the judge's ruling, and we'll make plans accordingly," North Dakota's secretary of state told Frontline.
Status: A voting law passed in 2011 will be in place on election day.
Rhode Island's 2011 photo ID law was passed by a Democratic legislature and signed by an independent governor. The law, which was first in effect for the 2014 mid-term elections and will be in place in 2016, allows voters without ID to vote by provisional ballot. It's highly unusual for a Democrat-held legislature to pass a voter-ID law, but, as a New Republic piece details, all politics is local.
Although South Carolina's voter ID law was passed first in 2011, it was on hold thanks to a court order for the 2012 presidential election. Its first test at the polls was in the 2014 mid-terms.
Status: Newly amended voting law will be in place on election day.
While Tennessee has had a photo ID law in place since 2011, a 2014 update limited acceptable IDs to federal or Tennessee-issued IDs only. A group of students sued in 2015 because the law didn't allow for student or out-of-state IDs and lost that case in December.
Status: Litigation pending. A new voting law will be in place on election day, with a fail-safe required by the courts.
Texas' most recent bout with the judicial system over election law started on August 4, when the Department of Justice sued Harris County, alleging that many of its polling places are inaccessible to voters with disabilities. The Department of Justice wants the county to re-evaluate how it picks its polling places and to train poll workers about accessibility.
Ever since Texas enacted a photo-ID law in 2011, it's been back-and-forth in the courts. A federal appeals court ordered a lower court to fix Texas' strict photo-ID law, ruling that it violated the Voting Rights Act by disproportionately affecting African-American and Hispanic voters. The state came back with a solution, officially providing a safety net: Anyone without an ID will be able to vote providing they sign an affidavit and show a voter registration certificate, a utility bill, bank statement, birth certificate, or other government document with their name and address. A district judge gave her final stamp of approval on the plan on August 10.
While a federal judge upheld Virginia's photo ID law in May, the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals is scheduled to hear oral arguments in an appeal on September 22. This is the same court that overturned North Carolina's ID law.
In May 2011, Wisconsin passed a strict photo-ID law. In late July, federal District Court Judge James Peterson struck down parts of that law, writing in his decision that "Wisconsin's strict version of voter ID is a cure worse than the disease." The decision would loosen some the law's restrictions, including allowing students to use expired student IDs at the polls and reducing barriers to in-person absentee voting. He also ordered that the state find a better safety net for people have trouble getting IDs.
Wisconsin's attorney general is appealing Peterson's ruling to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. On August 11, Peterson issued a stay on part of his own ruling, halting the requirement for the state to fix how it handles voters who struggle to get IDs.
On August 10, in a different case, the Seventh Circuit blocked an earlier decision by a different trial court that instructed election officials to allow voters without ID sign an affidavit to vote. A lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union, one of the plaintiffs in that case, told the New York Times that there's still time to overturn that injunction before election day.
This story originally appeared on ProPublica as "2016 Election Lawsuit Tracker: The New Election Laws and the Suits Challenging " and is re-published here under a Creative Commons license.


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to be allowed, and at the suggestion of its friends, the Society applied to the author to prepare an edition with special reference to their wants, if it could be done consistently with his views of historic integrity, and fidelity to the truth. After some delay, the present work is issued as the result of the author's compliance with this request. It appears divested of all remarks or allusions of a character that can give offence to the various evangelical denominations co-operating together in the Society, and yet containing everything the author deemed desirable to the historical narrative, or ihe reflections and iruths he wished to inculcate along with it. The author has prepared a preface for this edition, which is excellent in its way, and has taken the responsibility of all the alterations made from the original copy. The publication of a work like this, by a Society whose agencies and channels reach all sections of the land, and overstep the bounds of almost every sect or society, is to be deemed a most auspicious and important event. Beyond all other instrumentalities, this Society has the means of circulating the book, and its engaging, precious truths, in just those places, and among that portion of our population, where they are most needed. The book is perhaps the best antidote to Romanism that exists in the language, except the Bible ; and while it is important that the older and more enlightened communities should be quickened by its spirited narratives, and instructed by its lessons, it is incalculably more important that it should be scattered broadcast over the West, and through those unprotecled regions, where the enemy is pouring in like a flood, to find a territory all ready and ripe for his influence. We should be glad to know that the means are had for placing the work in every family in the land.
4. Paley's Natural Theology, with Selections from the Illustratire Notes, and the Supple
mentary Dissertations of Sir Charles Bell and Lord Brougham. Edited by ELISHA Bartlett, M. D., with numerous wood cuts. Harper & Brothers. 2 vols. 12mo. We have bere the original text of Paley untouched, and a variety of interesting illustrations, comments, and arguments, derived from these eminent annotators of Paley, placed in the body of the work, but distinguished from it by brackets. It is also prefaced by a brief, but well-written life of the author. These annotations are valuable, not only for their intrinsic instructiveness, and as ingenious illustrations of great truths, but, especially, as supplying those deficiencies in the scope of Paley's argument which have always been telt, and at the present day, peculiarly detract from the usefulness of his work. The work itself, as now expanded and fortified, though less valuable than an original argument covering the above field, is by far the best popular presentation of the truths of Natural Theology that our language contains. The exquisite concinnity of Paley's style, and the clearness and force of his reasoning, have never been surpassed. 5. The Church Member's Manual of Ecclesiastical Principles, Doctrine, and Discipline.
By William CROWELL, with an Introductory Essay, by HENRY J. RIPLEY, D.D., Professor at the Newton Theological Institution. Boston; Gould, Kendall & Lincoln. pp. 276, 12mo.
Our design is simply to describe, not to analyse or argue with, the present work, It is a defence of the ecclesiastical polity and doctrinal tenets of the Baptist denomination, as they are entertained in the Northern Churches. The pure Congregational church theory, hyper-Calvinistic theology, and the Baptist views of the ordinances, are the book's main positions; and these are defended with a vigor and clearness of argument that reflect great credit upon the learning and tact of the author. There is an air of practical good sense, and a spirit of candor and good feeling towards other denominations, which give the book additional value, and will, undoubtedly, enhance its usefulness.
6. Harpers' Edition of the Pictorial History of England.*
Since our last issue, ten or twelve parts of this serial edition have been published. The work more than realizes the promise its first numbers gave of value and interest. Differing in its plan from the histories of the old model, and embracing in its sketches, the annals of the nation's progress in industry, wealth, commerce, and the useful arts, as well as a more minute and genial account of the people, it does not supersede, but supplies the deficiencies of, the other histories, and presents aspects of the subject which have the freshness of novelty, and the importance of truth. The illustrations, finely executed on wood, are a pleasing and useful feature of the work, often answering a better purpose than pages of description, and giving to the narrative that life-like aspect which is history's highest charm. The numbers, as they are issued, are elegantly bound in large volumes.
7. General History of the Christian Religion and Church; from the German of Dr.
AUGUSTUS NEANDER. By Joseph TORREY, Professor in the University of Ver. mont. Vol. I. Boston: Crocker & Brewster. pp. 740, 8vo.
The public was led, years ago, to expect a translation of Neander's great work by Professor Torrey, the long delay of which is now explained. After the completion of Professor Torrey's translation, Neander published a second edition of his first two volumes, containing so many alterations and improvements, that the translator bravely resolved to recast the whole, and present an English version of the work as Nearder left it. The delay is amply paid tor, and we trust the fidelity of the worthy translator will also meet with due appreciation. To say that it is incomparably the best version of Neander that exists in the language, by no means describes the merits of the work. It is a singularly accurate and beautiful transfusion of the very thoughts of the great author into our own vernacular, so clearly and perspicuously that the reader scarcely remembers that he is a German, or that this flowing, easy English, is extracted from the tough periods of one of the most intensely idiomatic writers in Germany. We cannot doubt that it will supersede all the versions, and become identified with the work itself in its English history.
Of Neander's work itself, the pages of the Repository have so often and so minutely spoken, that its extraordinary merits must be too well known to need a new description. It comes nearer to a true ideal of a history than any work we know of. It is not a cold record of ill-understood events, occurring at a vast distance; but the fresh, glowing narrative as of an eye-witness. The author has thrown himself so completely into the times and scenes he depicts, and so thoroughly mastered the men, the manners, the doctrines, and the events of his annals, that he portrays them with the distinctness and finish of a contemporaneous sketch. And when it is remembered what those events were, which compose the history of the Church,—the doctrines developed, the heresies broached, and the abstruse discussions in which the progress of theology consists; it will readily occur, how extraordinary must be the learning which has thoroughly mastered, and the skill which has adequately described them all. Without thinking it faultless, we regard it a matter of congratulation that so erudite and complete a work has been brought to the access of American scholars and clergymen, in so excellent a manner.
8. The Life of Wesley; and the Rise and Progress of Methodism. By Robert SouTHEY, Esq., LL.D.
With Notes by the late s. T. Coleridge, and Remarks, with Life and Character of Wesley, by Alexander Knot, Esq., by Rev. Charles C. Southey. Second American Edition, with notes, foc., by Rev. Daniel Curry, A.M. 2 vols. 12mo. Harper & Brothers.
The appendages of this work add not a little to its value. As it originally came from the author's hands, it was one of the finest pieces of biography in the language, however unjust in some of its statements, and partial in its views. It is evident that the great elements of Wesley's character, which really made him a hero, were keenly appreciated by the poet; and they are described with that singular felicity of style and enthusiasm of feeling which rendered Southey one of the finest prose-writers of the age. Coleridge's notes were written without a thought of publication, and are, therefore, the frank out-pourings of his fine mind as excited by the glow of the narrative, or the contemplation of its subject. That they are acute, sagacious, learned, and admirable, is only to say that they are Coleridge's. The estimate of Wesley by Knox, the friend and correspondent of Bishop Jebb, is remarkably candid, considering the theological differences of the two. Mr. Curry has added a review of Southey's performance by Dr. Watson, and some judicious notes of his own. The whole medley makes an unusually interesting and valuable work, which the lovers of fine writing, and the admirers of noble traits, and of lofty Christian character will unite in approving
9. Exercises in Hebrew Grammar, and Selections from the Greek Scriptures to be trans
lated into Hebrew. With Notes, foc. By H. B. HACKETT, Professor in the Newton Theological Seminary. Andover: Allen, Morrill & Wardwell.
An admirable idea is realized in this little work,—the use in the study of the Hebrew, of thuse exercises in writing and translating, which are now so generally adopted in the study of all other languages. The praxis is so constructed as to introduce the difficult business of writing Hebrew in a gradual and easy manner, and accompanied with such grammatical and lexicographical references, as to impart a knowledge of the structure, idioms, and genius of the language more thoroughly than we should suppose to be possible in any other method. The first lessons are in pointing, the whole philosophy of which is perspicuously illustrated, and rendered familiar. It then proceeds to writing Hebrew sentences, in doing which all the grammatical principles involved are clearly exhibited. We should think it of inestimable value for a thorough mastery of this language. There are traces throughout of the finest and most accurate scholarship, and a practical acquaintance with the business of teaching, which will render the work useful for the purposes it aims al. 10. History of the Conquest of Peru, with a Preliminary View of the Civilization
of the Incas. By William H. Prescott. 2 vols., 8vo. Harper & Brothers.
A new prodnct of Mr. Prescott's pen is an event in our literary history, which none will fail to take an interest. His fame has become identified with the literary reputation of this country, and the unquestionably great success which he obtains is a matter of honest pride with his countrymen. In some of the higher characteristics of the historian, he has no living superior; and his works, as they are succes. sively produced, are not only seized with the avidity of a deep present interest, but are placed at once in the select rank of standard historical compositions. It is, therefore, a pleasing duty to announce the issue of another work, which will not detract at all from the fame which his previous efforts have won.
The present work is a counterpart of the History of the Mexican Conquestanother stage of the same stirring and romantic career--and possessing all the elements of interest, excitement, and wonder, which invest that work with so unwonted a charm. The Incas, previous to their destruction by the Spaniards, presented a civilization as elaborate and wonderful as the Aztecs; and ihe Conquest, though not so difficult and protracted, brought out a bravery and a brilliancy of exploit quite as striking. These exciting scenes, as well as the whole gorgeous history of Spanish conquest, Mr. Prescott portrays with a minuteness and accuracy of know. ledge, a graphic power, and a true philosophical spirit, which are rarely exhibited, and impart an inexpressible charm and value. We have only need to say to the readers of the Mexican history, that the present is a picture equally strange and moving, and wrought with the same masterly skill, to suggest the highest inducement for its perusal. The mechanical execution is greatly to be commended, as well as the moderate price at which the publishers afford a work which might reasonably be held at a much higher rate.
BIBLICAL REPOSITORY
CLASSICAL REVIEW.
THIRD SERIES, NO. XII.-WHOLE NUMBER XLVIII.
OCTOBER, 1847.
ARTICLE I.
CHRISTIANITY THE END AND UNITY OF ALL
SCIENCES AND PURSUITS.
By Rev. Wm. ADAMS, D.D., Pastor of the Central Presbyterian Church, New.York.
What is that which constitutes the law of relationship and sympathy between men of all occupations and opinions ? Theologians, of different schools ; physicians, of rival systems; politicians, of antagonistic parties; metaphysicians, of different philosophies; men of books, devoted to theories; practical men, bringing science into the service of agriculture, navigation, and the mechanic arts,--what is that which gives unity to pursuits so various and complicated ?
Our first and superficial thought might be, that there is no relationship at all between employments so multiform; that they are heterogeneous and antagonistic, like the different agents in a chemical laboratory, with no possibility of reducing them to a simple basis, where all would coalesce and combine in one homogeneous compound.
Are we ready to admit this ? Educated to trace all truths and things to ultimate principles, are we disposed to believe that human life is without any law of order, any relationship of parts, any unity of design? Is the Science of Law an independent and unrelated pursuit, jealous of all partnerships ? Is the Healing Art a separate pursuit, disconnected from a common object, like an amputated limb from the body? Does Theology belong only to men who dress in black, preach sermons on SunTHIRD SERIES, VOL. III.
days, and who are sent for to do their ghostly office over the dying and the dead? Is Natural Philosophy like an insulated jar ? and Geology itself a boulder on the world's surface? and History a congeries of discordant events? and Astronomy a lone and lofty science, with no attractions to a common system? and Ethnology, the amusement of an antiquary's closet ? Poetry, is it a solo strain in life's performance; and Art, is it a selfish and solitary workman who has set up for himself ? Such an imagination occasions intellectual confusion and pain. "The intuition of unity," says Lord Bacon, in one of those pregnant aphorisms which are characteristic of his mind, " is the end of all philosophy." Mythology represented the Muses and the Graces as grouped and embracing; and there is a principle in our natures which is painfully disappointed, if it succeed not in discovering that ultimate object which gives unity to all sciences and pursuits.
It is very obvious that the divers occupations of men are not, all of them, related directly and immediately; but mediately, like the branches of a tree, to each other, through the parent stock. What is the trunk from which all the distributions of truth proceed, and in which all unite? There is no inquiry which belongs more legitimately to every scholar than this.
The different professions and pursuits of men may be compared to the maps of different continents, countries, states, counties, cities and towns, each more or less extended and minute; a small space being projected, it may be, on a large scale ; yet all of them having a place and relation to each other on a map of the world, or the surface of a revolving globe. A strange kind of geography is that which conceives of the British isle as a world by itself, and North America as another and independent creation, without being capable of comprehending how all parts and places belong to one and the same ball. There is a knowledge of particular sciences which is perfect and minute, like the pocket map of a traveller, directing a stranger through all the streets and squares of a city; so there is a knowledge of the mutual relations of all departments of knowledge, resembling the combination of all parts and places into one globe; the formation of what Bacon calls a mundus intellectualis. Lexicographers define the word "system" to mean an assemblage of truths, so related and adjusted to one another as to create a series of mutual dependencies. Many attempts have been made to classify and compact together all the various departments of knowledge into one simple system, most of which have been signal failures, because of the omission or misplacement of one all-comprehensive subject.
We cannot now refer to a more notable mistake of this sort, than the one which is to be found in the celebrated treatise of

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Erin Saether is passionate about health and wellness. Saether received a Doctor of Physical Therapy degree from University of Minnesota and worked as a physical therapist prior to returning to school to study biomedical engineering. She received a Ph.D. from University of Wisconsin and has published her research in peer-reviewed journals.
Tightness in your knees can be irritating since it interferes with simple tasks like walking and sitting. The sensation of tight knee tendons is often due to tightness throughout the muscles that are connected to tendons. Tendons alone do not have the ability to contract and relax, but the muscles to which they attach do. In order to relieve knee tightness, you can mobilize your joint with a series of exercises consisting of stretching, aerobic activity, range of motion and strengthening.
There are particular muscles to concentrate on due to their action and location around the knee. A study in the "New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy" found that routine stretching of the hip flexors, quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscles for 6 weeks improved knee range of motion in both healthy and osteoarthritic knees. This emphasizes the main movers of the knee. However, it's important to also include the hip adductors -- the supportive muscles on the inside of the knee -- as well as the iliotibial band -- a strip of thick fibrous tissue running down the outside of the thigh and knee, which is also known as the IT band.
Stretching exercises for the quadriceps, hamstrings, calf muscles, hip flexors, hip adductors and IT band are essential for maintaining and improving knee flexibility. A couple of basic exercises to start with are a quadriceps stretch and a hamstring stretch. These will lengthen the muscles in the front and back of your thigh, respectively. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends stretching 2 to 3 days per week and holding each stretch for 10 to 30 seconds.
Another strategy to decrease tightness is adding aerobic exercises to your routine. Low-impact cycling, elliptical training and swimming will increase the temperature and blood flow of your muscles, promoting muscle health. Repetitively bending and straightening your knee with minimal joint impact can increase the range of motion in your knee. A typical aerobic session starts with a 5- to 10-minute warmup, followed by 20 to 60 minutes of training and a 5- to 10-minute cool-down.
Although it may seem counterintuitive, a consistent strengthening routine can also decrease tight muscles and tendons. Muscles need to be strong enough to support your knee through a full range of motion and thus strength deficits can cause a decrease in joint mobility. A strengthening routine should focus on muscles of the hip, knee and ankle. Squats and lunges, using proper form, can strengthen all 3 areas at once. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends performing strengthening exercises 2 to 3 days per week and completing 2 to 4 sets of 8 to 15 repetitions for each exercise.
It is important to ease into a new exercise program slowly in order to avoid injury. Typically, you will notice less tightness with consistent exercise after 4 to 6 weeks. Exercises should not be painful, and keep in mind that other conditions can cause tightness and stiffness in your knee, including common disorders such as osteoarthritis. Consult your doctor if you have any pain or inflammation around your knee joint.
What Are the Causes of Chronic Knee and Leg Pains?
Will Fish Oil Help My Knees?


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The utter heartbreak and horror of this week's tragedy at Grenfell Tower in London beggars belief. This should never, ever have happened. We live in a world where buildings can and must be safe, fires can be contained and danger properly averted. It should not have been possible for such a fire to rage through a newly refurbished building. Residents should not have been told to 'stay put' in the event of fire - what incompetence led to that instruction? And laws governing basic building and fire safety should have been passed - and enforced - years ago.
In the early 1980s I worked as a journalist in East London and the outskirts of Essex. Social housing had been thrown up after the Second World War to provide accommodation for people displaced during that conflict, closely followed by the 1960s high-rise flats, probably the most ill-conceived social housing ever constructed. These buildings were - without exception - damp, cold, dangerous and always a high fire risk. We campaigned hard for housing improvements (I remember challenging a local mayor to go and live in the flats to see how he would cope) but we had entered the Thatcher era with its mass sell-off of council housing, so then, as now, few politicians considered or cared for the tenants' plight. While some tenants bought and and renovated their homes, most were trapped in decaying, sub-standard housing stock that nobody (with the power to do anything) sought to improve. Anything that was done was done to a bare minimum, in keeping with Thatcherian philosophy. The same story blanketed London and, despite decades of promises, repair, renewal and provision of social housing has been discarded and dismissed by politicians time and again.
So here we are today. Counting deaths. Counting injuries. Counting broken lives. Counting families destroyed. Despite countless opportunities over forty years to make buildings safe. Countless technological developments, advances in construction methods, availability of alarms and fail-safe devices. None of it implemented. None of it deemed worthwhile for the high-rise families of Grenfell Tower and elsewhere.
There are countless Grenfell Towers out there - all tragedies waiting to happen. Conservative governments have been quick to introduce legislation - when it suits the powerful - at times with indecent haste. If the current crop of newly elected parliamentarians have an ounce of mercy or decency between them, legislation must be introduced and enforced, with immediate effect, that leads to all UK rental properties brought up to modern living standards with fire safety systems and sprinklers upgraded or installed along with effective emergency plans and communications in place before the end of 2017.
It is scandalous this tragedy has occurred. It will be criminal neglience if government fails to implement immediate change in every rented home and social housing complex in the UK. And let it be a terrible and tragic warning to other governments, local authorities and landlords who continue to carelessly accommodate the substandard and the unsafe.
My heart breaks for everyone in that tower and all those who love them. I am - as I'm sure are many others - trying very hard to contain sheer fury at the neglect and disregard shown to them by those who, through the privilege of power, had countless chances to prevent this tragedy.


Wendy Vitter refused to tell senators if she still agrees with a speech she gave at a 2013 anti-abortion rally.
Judicial nominee Wendy Vitter remembers how she said a reproductive health clinic murders tens of thousands of people every year by providing abortions. She just doesn't want to talk about it.
WASHINGTON ― One of President Donald Trump's judicial nominees, Wendy Vitter, repeatedly avoided answering a simple question in her Senate confirmation hearing on Wednesday: Do you believe Planned Parenthood kills more than 150,000 women every year?
Vitter, a New Orleans lawyer and Trump's choice for a lifetime seat on the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana, made that claim in a May 2013 speech in protest of a new Planned Parenthood clinic in New Orleans.
Vitter acknowledged in Wednesday's hearing that her past comment was a reference to aborted fetuses that were females. But when Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.) asked her if she stands by that claim, she avoided answering over and over again.
"Senator, I don't recall the exact context" of the comment, Vitter said.
After he read her comments aloud, Vitter said she did indeed remember making them. So Blumenthal, a vocal advocate of abortion rights, asked again if she stands by her claim that Planned Parenthood kills 150,000 women every year.
Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.) pressed a Trump court nominee on her past statements about Planned Parenthood.
It is not surprising that a Trump court nominee would be anti-abortion; lots of them have been. And Vitter, who is general counsel of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans and is married to conservative former Sen. David Vitter (R), has been pretty open about her views on reproductive health.
What is odd is that she refused to say if she stands by some pretty strong comments she made at a public event. It is also odd because Vitter didn't initially disclose that speech to the Senate committee, along with a bunch of other anti-abortion speeches she'd given. She also didn't disclose that she moderated a panel peddling false information about the dangers of abortion. Vice News uncovered these missing materials last month, which were then turned over to the committee.
That's a big no-no to senators, who expect a thorough submission of background materials for judicial nominees. It also creates the appearance, at least, of Vitter not wanting the committee to know about some of her controversial comments.
Vitter said it was "always my intent" to be forthcoming and that the omissions were inadvertent. She repeated that she would keep her personal views separate from her job as a federal judge if she's confirmed, just as she did in her role as a former assistant district attorney in Louisiana.
Vitter now awaits a committee vote, which could come in a matter of weeks.


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Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse (Blysmus compressus), auch Quellsimse, Quellbinse, Flaches Quellried oder Platthalm-Quellried genannt, ist eine Pflanzenart, die zur Gattung der Quellbinsen (Blysmus) in der Familie der Sauergrasgewächse (Cyperaceae) gehört.

Beschreibung

Vegetative Merkmale
Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist eine ausdauernde krautige Pflanze. Sie bildet unterirdische Ausläufer (Rhizome). Die aufrechten oder bogig aufsteigenden Halme sind bei einem Durchmesser von 0,5 bis 1,5 Millimetern im Querschnitt rundlich zusammengedrückt und zur Spitze hin stumpf dreikantig und erreichen eine Länge von 6 bis 40 Zentimetern. Sie wachsen, sie haben hell- bis dunkelbraune Scheiden und sind höchstens bis zur Mitte beblättert.

Die Blattspreiten sind 3 bis 4 Millimeter breit, grau- bis grasgrün, oberseits flach oder hohlrinnig, unterseits gekielt, fleischig, am Rand rau und vom Grund an verschmälert. Die Spitze ist mittellang dreikantig. Die Blattscheiden sind geschlossen und gitternervig. Die Blatthäutchen (Ligula) sind kurz und gestutzt.

Generative Merkmale
Die Blütezeit reicht von Mai bis September. Am Ende des Blütenstandes entspringt ein laubartiges Hüllblatt, das den Blütenstand meist deutlich überragt. Der braune, meist dichte, ährige Blütenstand ist 1 bis 4 Zentimeter lang sowie 8 bis 12 Millimeter breit und enthält 5 bis 18 zweireihig angeordnete Ährchen. Die Ährchen sind bei einer Länge von 4 bis 10 Millimetern sowie einer Breite von 2 bis 3 Millimetern lanzettförmig und fünf- bis zwölfblütig. Die rotbraunen Spelzen sind länglich-lanzettlich, spitz, fünf- bis siebennervig und etwa 4 Millimeter lang, 2 Millimeter breit mit schmalem grünen Kiel und hyalinem Rand. Die Blütenhülle besteht aus drei bis sechs rauen Borsten, die mindestens doppelt so lang wie die Frucht sind. Die Blüte enthält drei Staubblätter und zwei Narben.

Die dunkelbraune Nussfrucht ist bei einer Länge von 1,5 bis 2 Millimetern verkehrt-eiförmig.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 44.

Ähnliche Art
Eine ähnliche Art ist die Rote Quellbinse (Blysmus rufus). Diese verfügt jedoch über runde, ungekielte Blätter. Die Spelzen sind kastanienbraun. Die Blütenhülle besteht aus bis zu drei weichhaarigen Blütenhüllborsten.

Ökologie
Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist windblütig (Anemophilie). Ihre Diasporen werden über den Wind ausgebreitet (Anemochorie) sowie über Klettausbreitung (Epichorie).

Vorkommen
Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist in Europa, Nordafrika und Asien bis zum Himalaja weitverbreitet, fehlt aber großenteils im äußersten Norden.

In den Alpen steigt die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse in Höhenlagen von bis zu 2350 Metern auf. In den Allgäuer Alpen steigt sie in Vorarlberg auf der Kuhgehrenspitze südlich Riezlern bis zu einer Höhenlage von 1900 Metern auf.

Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist allgemein nicht häufig, regional auch selten. Die Art wächst auf sumpfigen Wiesen, an Seeufern und insbesondere in gestörten Bereichen von Quellmooren und an quelligen Standorten im Extensivgrünland. Sie kommt auch auf Salzwiesen vor. An geeigneten vegetationslosen Standorten tritt die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse als Pionierbesiedler auf.

Die ökologischen Zeigerwerte nach Ellenberg für Mitteleuropa sind: Lichtzahl L 8 = Halblicht- bis Volllichtpflanze; Temperaturzahl T X = indifferent; Kontinentalitätszahl K 5 = See-/Steppen-Übergangsklima zeigend; Feuchtezahl F 8 = Feuchte- bis Nässezeiger; Feuchtewechsel: keinen Wechsel der Feuchte zeigend; Reaktionszahl R 8 = Schwachbasen- bis Basen-/Kalkzeiger; Stickstoffzahl N 3 = Stickstoffarmut anzeigend; Salzzahl S 1 = salzertragend, aber meist keinen oder geringen Salzgehalt zeigend; Schwermetallresistenz: nicht schwermetallresistent.

Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist eine Lichtpflanze. Ihr Schwerpunkt liegt auf gut durchfeuchteten bis durchnässten und luftarmen, meist kalkhaltigen, stickstoffarmen Böden. Gelegentlich kommt sie auf salzhaltigen Böden vor.

Vergesellschaftung
Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist eine der namensgebenden Charakterarten der in Mitteleuropa stark gefährdeten Plattbinsen-Quellried-Gesellschaft (Blysmo-Juncetum compressi; Synonym: Blysmus compressus-Gesellschaft). Weitere Kennarten sind die Hirsen-Segge (Carex panicea), Davalls Segge (Carex davalliana) und das Schmalblättrige Wollgras (Eriophorum angustifolium). Ferner kommt sie als Begleiter in Kleinseggenrieden der Davallseggen-Gesellschaft (Caricetum davallianae) vor. In neuerer Literatur wird aus der Eifel und aus Westfalen auch das Carici-Blysmetum compressi (EGGLER 1933) erstmals für Deutschland diskutiert.

Gefährdung und Schutz
Die Zusammengedrückte Quellbinse ist welt- und europaweit ungefährdet und genießt keinen gesonderten gesetzlichen Schutz. In Deutschland ist sie jedoch als stark gefährdet eingestuft (Gefährdungskategorie 2). In Niedersachsen, Sachsen, Hessen, Saarland, Hamburg und Berlin gilt die Art als vom Aussterben bedroht.
Ihre Bestände leiden besonders unter der Trockenlegung und Nutzungsintensivierung ihrer Lebensräume. Sie ist nur im Alpengebiet noch einigermaßen verbreitet.

Systematik
Die Erstveröffentlichung unter dem Namen (Basionym) Schoenus compressus erfolgte 1753 durch Carl von Linné. Die Neukombination zu Blysmus compressus  wurde 1827 durch Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer (1755–1829) veröffentlicht. Weitere Synonyme für Blysmus compressus  sind: Scirpus planifolius , Scirpus caricinus , Scirpus distichus , Scirpus compressus  non . Der Gattungsname Blysmus leitet sich vom griechischen Wort blyzein für "fließen" ab, auf den Standort bezogen, da sie Arten quellige Standorte bevorzugen, und Artepitheton leitet sich vom lateinischen Wort compressus für zusammengedrückt ab.

Je nach Autor kann man folgende Unterarten und Varietäten unterscheiden:
 Blysmus compressus var. brevifolius : Sie kommt vom südlichen Sibirien bis zum Himalaja vor.
 Blysmus compressus subsp. compressus: Sie kommt von Europa bis zum Himalaja vor.
 Blysmus compressus var. dissitus : Sie kommt im westlichen Himalaja vor.
 Blysmus compressus subsp. subulifolius : Sie kommt in der Türkei vor.

Literatur

 Wolfram Schultze-Motel: Scirpus. In: Gustav Hegi: Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. 3. Auflage. Band II, Teil 1, Paul Parey, Berlin/Hamburg 1980, ISBN 3-489-54020-4, S. 10–42.
 Robert Anthony DeFilipps: Blysmus. In:

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Verbreitung auf der Nordhalbkugel.
 Thomas Meyer: Datenblatt mit Bestimmungsschlüssel und Fotos bei Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (alter Name der Webseite: Blumen in Schwaben).
 Illustrations of the British Flora (1924).

Sauergräser

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
We focus our on-the-ground conservation efforts in a vital area of the Amazon in Peru and Bolivia
For 20 years, we have been focusing our boots-on-the-ground efforts to conserving the most biodiverse area in the world, where the Andes Mountains meet the Amazon Rainforest in Bolivia and Peru. Our bold new strategy increases our impact by ensuring the long-term conservation of 124 million acres (50 million ha) of forests, savannas, wetlands, glaciers, and other irreplaceable habitats in this region.
Larger than the state of California, our area of work contains a set of five interconnected – but extremely unique – landscapes:
Learn more about each of our landscapes:
Manu-Madidi Biodiversity Corridor
At the heart of the southwest Amazon lies the Manu-Madidi Corridor, a chain of diverse protected areas anchored by Manu National Park in Peru and Madidi National Park in Bolivia, embedded within a mosaic of indigenous communities and other protected areas, forestry concessions and private lands.
This 23.5 million-acre stretch of forest traverses a dramatic latitudinal range from the high Andes Mountains to lowland rainforest, creating habitats for a staggering diversity of plant and animal species.
Global climate change only increases the Manu-Madidi corridor's significance as its mountain slopes offer a safety net for species to migrate and adapt to new habitat ranges as the climate warms.
Learn more about the challenges and our conservation solutions in the Manu-Madidi Biodiversity Corridor >
Uncontacted Indigenous Peoples Homeland
The Peruvian Amazon is home to 15 of the estimated 100 uncontacted indigenous tribes remaining in the world. Uncontacted groups depend on large-scale, intact forests for their very survival.
Peru has recognized the human and territorial rights of uncontacted tribes and in 2016 created a legal framework that designates specific lands as indigenous reserves.
To date, three reserves have been created and an additional seven are slated for declaration; collectively, they will cover almost 17 million acres of pristine tropical rainforest.
Learn more about the challenges and our conservation solutions in the Uncontacted Indigenous Peoples Homeland >
Productive Forests
The Amazon's vast ecosystems are home to millions of people who rely on forest products for food, fiber, and medicine.
Both Bolivia and Peru have well-established legal frameworks for sustainable resource management, and provide local people with land and resource use rights through indigenous territories, timber and Brazil nut concessions, and protected areas.
Local communities are pioneering enterprises that rely on standing forests, such as harvesting Brazil nuts and açaí berries. This landscape generates 80,000 tons of Brazil nuts annually, representing up to 85 percent of global production. Some Bolivian communities derive more than 80 percent of their annual income from collecting Brazil nuts and açaí berries.
Learn more about the challenges and our conservation solutions for Productive Forests >
Andean Living Waters
The mighty rivers of the Amazon Basin find their start in the high Andes, whose ice and snow fields, grasslands, mountain springs, and cloud forests channel life-sustaining water to the forests, waterways and people in rural communities and cities below.
Indigenous and traditional rural communities have long coexisted with this landscape which provides them with livelihoods and vital resources.
The governments of Bolivia and Peru recognize the critical importance of this landscape, with an extensive system of protected areas covering 3.2 million acres, including the Machu Picchu Historic Sanctuary.
Learn more about the challenges and our conservation solutions in the Andean Living Waters >
Amazon Savannas
Beni's vast grasslands landscape of over 29 million acres is a biologically complex mosaic of savanna, lowland wetlands, forest islands, and rivers. Seasonal flooding and fire play a central role in its ecology, and it includes most of the Llanos de Moxos, the world's largest Ramsar Wetlands complex (a renowned designation for globally important wetlands).
Preserving this iconic landscape is vital for its globally-recognized wildlife, such as the maned wolf and pampas deer, and its rich diversity of aquatic and avian species, including the Bolivian river dolphin and Blue-throated macaw.
The landscape remains economically and culturally important, being home to large-scale cattle ranching as well as the traditional livelihoods of indigenous communities.
Learn more about the challenges and our conservation solutions in the Amazon Savannas >


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Scott Masteller Exits ESPN Radio
Longtime ESPN Radio programming executive Scott Masteller has exited the network, where he's had a nearly 14 year run.
Most recently ESPN Radio's Senior Director Radio Content, Masteller spent the first five years of his ESPN career in Dallas, where he oversaw the launch of the company's 103.3 ESPN (KESN) before heading to the network's Bristol, CT headquarters, where he's served in several different senior management roles for the past 8+ years.
His lengthy Sports radio programming resume also includes prior stints in Portland, OR, Salt Lake City and Lexington, KY. Masteller told NTS MediaOnline Today that he is leaving ESPN "on very good terms" and added, "It is a great company and I've had a great run there. I'm now looking to see what comes next and I'm excited about the opportunities ahead of me."
Related Topics:BroadcastbroadcastingESPNESPN RadioJason Barretton-airProgrammingradio newsScott Mastellersports mediaSports Media Newssports radiosports talk show hosttalk radio
Flight 957 Arrives on 95.7 The Game
Big Changes At CBS Sports Radio
"We can't allow someone that represents the exact opposite of us to damage the goodwill of our brand or create confusion in the community."
After Bonneville International unveiled new branding for its Denver Sports properties, digital outlet DNVR Sports has filed an injunction to stop the radio company from utilizing the brand and logos.
In a Twitter thread, ALLCITY Network CEO Brandon Spano claimed DNVR Sports has already seen listeners, viewers, and readers confuse the two brands. "We can't allow someone that represents the exact opposite of us to damage the goodwill of our brand or create confusion in the community," Spano tweeted.
I want to make this statement so that our community understands why we're doing this.
We hate media beefs as much as everyone else but we can't allow someone that represents the exact opposite of us to damage the goodwill of our brand or create confusion in the community. https://t.co/mp2ZsrXl07
— Spano (@BrandonSpano) January 17, 2023
"Our branding was created purposefully, to be different from the way sports networks traditionally looked," he said in another tweet. "To represent the city of Denver in a simple way while removing us from the gloss and pretentiousness of sports media. To create something that brings people together."
Spano added that ALLCITY sent Bonneville a cease-and-desist letter last week, but claims the company failed to respond, so an injunction has been filed.
The Denver Sports branding utilized by Bonneville — which encompasses 104.3 The Fan and ESPN Denver — features a black and white city skyline as well as the Rocky Mountains inside a hexagon with block lettering. The DNVR Sports logo is a rectangle, similar to the city of Denver flag, with the sun centered between the mountain peaks and a block "DNVR" below the rectangle.
The complaint filed by StudioIP LLC — the law firm representing ALLCITY — claims the branding used by Bonneville constitutes "trademark infringement, unfair competition, trade dress infringement, dilution by tarnishment, and tortious interference arising out of Bonneville's trademark infringement of Plaintiff's trademarks," according to Westword.
Bonneville has denied any wrongdoing, saying the accusations "have absolutely no merit, and our legal counsel is preparing a formal response. Denver Sports remains committed to delivering the most in-depth and inclusive local sports content for all Denver sports fans."


America's for sale. Just ask Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson.
With the U.S. economy in shambles, Paulson just spent four days touring the Middle East, hat in hand, looking for investors to bail us out. Specifically, on Monday, Paulson met with heads of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, the world's largest "sovereign wealth fund" with roughly $875 billion in assets, and encouraged them to buy American businesses.
Of course, it's nothing new for U.S. officials to reach out to the deepest pockets in the world in times of crisis. Just a century ago, J.P. Morgan became an American icon by single-handedly rescuing the financial markets during the stock market panic of 1907.
What is new, however, is that our economic problems have become so big that they no longer can be remedied by a few affluent individuals or investment firms. Only extremely wealthy countries have the resources to clean up this mess. So Paulson is forced to visit flush, oil-slicked Arabian emirates from Qatar to Abu Dhabi and beg for help.
This is economic globalization in its most raw form -- and a dramatic change in the way the worldwide economy operates. Today, the real power in international finance is held by rich countries, not wealthy institutions, corporations or private investors. And these countries are flexing their increasingly bulging muscles through investment vehicles known as sovereign wealth funds.
Sovereign wealth funds, or SWFs, basically are mutual funds that invest the excess capital generated by a region or country. The first one was established by Kuwait when it still was a British territory. After World War II, as Kuwait was negotiating independence, its leader, Sheik Abdullah al Salem al Sabah, asked the British to help him create a fund that would invest the nation's oil profits. The Kuwait Investment Board, which eventually became the Kuwait Investment Authority, today has about $250 billion in assets and is one of the largest sovereign wealth funds in the world.
As the British Empire crumbled, the government created similar funds for many of its territories and colonies (including the islands of Kiribati, which profitably exported guano for fertilizer). Meanwhile, other countries with growing wealth started setting up similar funds, such as the oil-rich nations of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Norway and Russia, as well as China, Singapore and South Korea, which had highly productive economies that also generated lots of excess capital.
Still, it's only recently that SWFs have become major players on the financial stage.
In 1990, the funds held just $500 billion in assets combined. Today, that figure is about $3.5 trillion. For comparison purposes, that's more than all of the assets controlled by all of the hedge funds in the world. And by 2012, the figure will be at least $10 trillion, according to estimates by the International Monetary Fund.
The primary reason for this explosion is, in a word, oil. As its price has soared from less than $25 a barrel in 2002 to more than $125 a barrel today, the value of sovereign wealth funds held by oil-rich nations has skyrocketed. And this trend isn't expected to change any time soon.
The new power of SWFs has been on graphic display during our recent mortgage crisis. They've essentially rescued the international financial system by injecting tens of billions of dollars into troubled banks. Citigroup, for instance, raised about $20 billion from a consortium of SWFs from Abu Dhabi, Kuwait and Singapore. UBS secured nearly $10 billion from a Singapore fund that now controls 9% of the bank. Merrill Lynch took in about $11 billion from SWFs from Kuwait, Singapore and South Korea. And even august Morgan Stanley got $5 billion from China's SWF.
These investments are steadying global financial markets by ensuring that none of these key banks goes under. But there are important questions to ask about the increasing influence that sovereign wealth funds have over our economy. As SWFs grow in size, they will be in a position to control large swaths of the global business world. That means foreign governments, which control the funds, will increasingly own sizable stakes in companies in such important industries as computer technology, aerospace and biotechnology.
These kinds of investments raise "profound questions" of geopolitical power, as former Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers pointed out a few months ago at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. Summers' essential complaint is that there is no way of knowing if there is a political agenda behind a country's investment in these essential industries.
To that end, the International Monetary Fund is trying to draft a code of "best practices" that SWFs can adopt voluntarily. The funds generally have been resistant to the idea, although Abu Dhabi and Singapore have signed an agreement with the Treasury Department that lays out principles for the countries' funds to be more transparent and not politicize their investments.
But on a practical level, the growing influence of SWFs really brings up much more basic concerns. What does it mean for Americans to have decisions about our jobs, our home loans, our school loans and so on to ultimately rest with foreign governments? What does it mean to surrender this level of control over our own economy?
The trouble is, we don't know. And that raises perhaps the most important question of all: What if the cure to our mortgage crisis is more deadly than the disease itself?


text:
Q: Merging lists with a for loop I'm working on an algorithm which can generate 2 types of recommendations, restaurants and dishes. All of this works fine, but I wanted to merge these 2 types of recommendations in a single list, which is where I encountered some issues. From my previous question I concluded that I needed a wrapper class, which I have set up like this:
public class RecommenderItem
{
    public Guid Id { get; set; }
    public object Entity { get; set; }
}

Now I want to alternate the 2 types of recommendations so the list would look like this:
[Restaurant][Dish][Restaurant][Dish][Restaurant][Dish] //Etc...

Note that these recommendations are completely separate. They are generated purely based on the user's preference, and they have no correlation in between them. My product owner wants to show these recommendations on the home page of our app like this.
These lists are different in length, so if I have added all items from a list, I wanted to just add the remaining objects from the other list. A possible scenario of this could look like this:
/*Other objects before this...*/[Dish][Restaurant][Dish][Dish][Dish] //Etc...

Here did the list of restaurant objects run out and I just wanted to add the remaining dish recommendations at the end of the list.
I have gotten this far, but I'm unsure how I would catch an IndexOutOfBounds exception and add the rest of the remaining objects at the end.
public List<RecommenderItem> GetMergedRecommendationLists(List<Restaurant> restaurantRecommendations,
                                                           List<Dish> dishRecommendations)
    {
        //Setting up the output list.
        List<RecommenderItem> output = new List<RecommenderItem>();
        int count = 0;
        //Check which list is longer and use that count
        if (restaurantRecommendations.Count > dishRecommendations.Count)
            count = dishRecommendations.Count;
        else
            count = restaurantRecommendations.Count;
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
        {
            //I'm fully aware this isn't the most optimal way of doing this,
            //but I'm only looking at functionality here, optimizing performance comes later.
            var restRecommendation = restaurantRecommendations[i];
            var dishRecommendation = dishRecommendations[i];
            output.Add(new RecommenderItem()
            {
                Id = restRecommendation.Id,
                Entity = restRecommendation
            });
            output.Add(new RecommenderItem()
            {
                Id = dishRecommendation.Id,
                Entity = dishRecommendation
            });
        }

        return output;
    }

Does anyone have an idea how I could do this? Could I just catch an IndexOutOfBounds exception and use .AddRange() for the remaining objects? I'm not sure how I could check which list was out of bounds.
Let me know if I should elaborate more and thanks in advance!
Edit: -removed because it wasn't fair.-

A: My recommendation would be to just make simple implicit operator :
public static implicit operator RecommenderItem(Restaurant restaurant) {
    return new RecommenderItem { Id = restaurant.Id, Entity = restaurant };
}

Then you have possibility to convert these types easily like :
Restaurant rest = //...
RecommenderItem rItem = rest; // here the implicit operator is called

After doing this you can just use one for loop :
int count = Math.Max(restaurantRecommendations.Count, dishRecommendations.Count);
for ( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {
    if ( i < restRecommendations.Count )
        output.Add(restRecommendations[i]);

    if ( i < dishRecommendations.Count )
        output.Add(dishRecommendations[i]);
}

This will make your work much more easier.

A: Well, there are probably more elegant LINQ solutions but you have already most, it's also a very efficient approach:
public List<RecommenderItem> GetMergedRecommendationLists(List<Restaurant> restaurantRecommendations, List<Dish> dishRecommendations)
{
    //Setting up the output list.
    List<RecommenderItem> output = new List<RecommenderItem>();
    int count = Math.Min(restaurantRecommendations.Count, dishRecommendations.Count);
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        var restRecommendation = restaurantRecommendations[i];
        var dishRecommendation = dishRecommendations[i];
        output.Add(new RecommenderItem()
        {
            Id = restRecommendation.Id,
            Entity = restRecommendation
        });
        output.Add(new RecommenderItem()
        {
            Id = dishRecommendation.Id,
            Entity = dishRecommendation
        });
    }
    int remainingRestaurant = restaurantRecommendations.Count - count;
    int remainingDishes = dishRecommendations.Count - count;
    if (remainingRestaurant > 0)
    {
        for (int i = count; i < restaurantRecommendations.Count; i++)
        {
            var restRecommendation = restaurantRecommendations[i];
            output.Add(new RecommenderItem()
            {
                Id = restRecommendation.Id,
                Entity = restRecommendation
            });
        }
    }
    else if (remainingDishes > 0)
    {
        for (int i = count; i < dishRecommendations.Count; i++)
        {
            var dishRecommendation = dishRecommendations[i];
            output.Add(new RecommenderItem()
            {
                Id = dishRecommendation.Id,
                Entity = dishRecommendation
            });
        }
    }

    return output;
}

A: A simple way of doing it would be:
public static IEnumerable<T> Merge<T>(this IEnumerable<T> first, IEnumerable<T> second)
{
    using (var firstEnumerator = first.GetEnumerator())
    using (var secondEnumerator = second.GetEnumerator())
    {
        while (firstEnumerator.MoveNext())
        {
           yield return firstEnumerator.Current;

            if (secondEnumerator.MoveNext())
            {
                yield return secondEnumerator.Current;
            }
        }

        while (secondEnumerator.MoveNext())
        {
            yield return secondEnumerator.Current;
        }
    }
}

A: After having created two arrays of restaurants and dishes of the same type RecommenderItem, you can use the Zip method like :
var restaurants = restaurantRecommendations.Select(x => new RecommenderItem {
                                                        Id = x.Id,
                                                        Entity = x
                                                     }).ToArray();
var dishes = dishRecommendations.Select(x => new RecommenderItem {
                                                        Id = x.Id,
                                                        Entity = x
                                                     }).ToArray();
var output = restaurants.Zip(dishes, (r, d) => new[] { r, d })
              .SelectMany(r => r).Concat(dishes.Skip(restaurants.Length))
              .Concat(restaurants.Skip(dishes.Length));

A: This is a fairly succinct way of doing this.
While not Linq, it works in the spirit of the way Linq works by deferring doing any work until the resulting sequence is enumerated:
public static IEnumerable<RecommenderItem> Merge(IEnumerable<Restaurant> restaurants, IEnumerable<Dish> dishes)
{
    using (var r = restaurants.GetEnumerator())
    using (var d = dishes.GetEnumerator())
    {
        while (true)
        {
            bool rAvailable = r.MoveNext();
            bool dAvailable = d.MoveNext();

            if (rAvailable)
                yield return new RecommenderItem { Id = r.Current.Id, Entity = r.Current };

            if (dAvailable)
                yield return new RecommenderItem { Id = d.Current.Id, Entity = d.Current };

            if (!rAvailable && !dAvailable)
                break;
        }
    }
}

If you happen to be using the MoreLinq NuGet package that includes the ZipLongest extension method, you can use the following simplified implementation instead:
public static IEnumerable<RecommenderItem> Merge(IEnumerable<Restaurant> restaurants, IEnumerable<Dish> dishes)
{
    foreach (var item in restaurants.ZipLongest(dishes, (r, d) => new { r, d }))
    {
        if (item.r != null)
            yield return new RecommenderItem { Id = item.r.Id, Entity = item.r };

        if (item.d != null)
            yield return new RecommenderItem { Id = item.d.Id, Entity = item.d };
    }
}

Addendum
As @InBetween posted in his answer, you can put the interleaving logic into an extension method. Here's my version; it's substantially the same, except I've added a small optimisation to avoid calling .MoveNext() when its not necessary:
public static class EnumerableExt
{
    public static IEnumerable<T> Interleave<T>(this IEnumerable<T> a, IEnumerable<T> b)
    {
        using (var ae = a.GetEnumerator())
        using (var be = b.GetEnumerator())
        {
            bool aAvailable = true;
            bool bAvailable = true;

            while (aAvailable || bAvailable)
            {
                aAvailable = aAvailable && ae.MoveNext();
                bAvailable = bAvailable && be.MoveNext();

                if (aAvailable)
                    yield return ae.Current;

                if (bAvailable)
                    yield return be.Current;
            }
        }
    }
}

Once you have that, I realised that you don't need to write an implict operator. Instead, you can just convert the two sequences to the resultant type before calling Interleave() like so:
var restaurantsAsRecommenderItems =
    restaurantRecommendations
    .Select(r => new RecommenderItem {Id = r.Id, Entity = r});

var dishesAsRecommenderItems =
    dishRecommendations
    .Select(d => new RecommenderItem {Id = d.Id, Entity = d});

var result =
    restaurantsAsRecommenderItems
    .Interleave(dishesAsRecommenderItems)
    .ToList();

A: Restaraunt and Dish would have to share a base type:
restaurantRecommendations.Select(item => new RecommenderItem()
        {
            Id = item.Id,
            Entity = item
        });
dishRecommendations.Select(item => new RecommenderItem()
        {
            Id = item.Id,
            Entity = item
        });

Once that's the case you could use something like this slightly modified version of Zip (from System.Linq):
    private static IEnumerable<T> ZipThrough<T>(IEnumerable<T> first, IEnumerable<T> second)
    {
        if (first == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(first));
        if (second == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(second));
        using (var e1 = first.GetEnumerator())
        {
            using (var e2 = second.GetEnumerator())
            {
                while (true)
                    if (e1.MoveNext())
                    {
                        yield return e1.Current;

                        if (e2.MoveNext()) yield return e2.Current;
                    }
                    else if (e2.MoveNext())
                    {
                        yield return e2.Current;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        break;
                    }
            }
        }
    }

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HUD Good Neighbor Next Door Program – MarylandHomeownership.com – About Good Neighbor Next door law enforcement officers, pre-Kindergarten through 12th grade teachers, firefighters and emergency medical technicians can contribute to community revitalization while becoming homeowners through HUD's Good Neighbor Next Door Sales Program.
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text:
UFC 36: Matt Hughes Wins One For America
By Jonathan Snowden Sep 29, 2011, 5:45am PDT
Share All sharing options for: UFC 36: Matt Hughes Wins One For America
Matt Hughes was the UFC champion after beating Carlos Newton with a preposterous slam at UFC 34. That didn't necessarily make him the best fighter in the world in his weight class. Many thought that honor belonged to Hayato "Mach" Sakurai, a Japanese sensation who had won the Shooto title and who had gone undefeated in his first 20 fights before losing a decision to Anderson Silva.
One thing was clear - Silva, Sakurai, and Hughes were the three best guys in the division. And with Silva locked into a contract with Pride and moving to 185 pounds, it was up to Hughes and Sakurai to determine which side of the Pacific had the top welterweight.
Once Hughes strolled into the cage, bumping Kid Rock's "American Badass," the question was answered quickly. He dominated Sakurai with his wrestling, tossing him around the cage, occasionally picking the Japanese star up over his shoulders like a sack of grain, depositing him wherever he saw fit. When referee "Big" John McCarthy stopped the fight in the fourth round, with Hughes in the mount, he had definitively established the UFC title as the top welterweight title in the world.
Matt Hughes: The UFC Star's Ten Most Spectacular Moments
UFC 34: Matt Hughes Power Bombs Carlos Newton To Create MMA's First Photo Finish
UFC 50: Matt Hughes Beats The Great Georges St. Pierre


Vera, I love these cards! The multi colors on your "LOVE" look so pretty and what a fun way to use the twine! Happy Valentine's Day!
These are so cute, love the style. Thanks for joining in this weeks OSCC. Hugs Shelley..
Super sweet creations, Vera! Love your CAS style!
This is such a great card can't believe Papercrafts didn't pick it up!
Such cutie pie cards Vera!


A school in Hull has been inundated with support after vandals trashed its polytunnel for the second year in a row.
It was a proud moment for Ganton Special School in west Hull when it secured its Green Flag status for its environmental work.
But that status was in jeopardy because the school was unable to grow the plants it needed to sell and raise money to apply to keep the Green Flag.
However, since the school appealed for help in the Mail, scores of people have been stepping up to help.
Asa Hancock, the school's eco lead teacher, said: "Since we appeared in the Hull Daily Mail lots of amazing things have happened as a result.
"Olly Tyson, of Colleta and Tyson, came forward and offered to re-skin the polytunnel to the value of around £600. They also donated 270 potted bulbs that pupils re-potted as Mother's Day gifts which were sold.
"Paul Robinson at Instaplanta came forward and donated £200 and also pledged around £800 worth of mobile gardening equipment that will allow us to complete gardening projects in our classrooms.
But the most significant development came when the school was approached by Skanska Civil Engineering.
Mr Hancock said: "Most excitingly, Skanska came forward after the article and were impressed with our eco school status. They asked us if we had any project work they could help us with.
"As a result we are working exclusively with Skanska to design and build an eco-friendly, sensory bee, bird and butterfly garden.
"To tie our eco schools and healthy school agenda together, we are siting this garden within our existing bike track. Skanska are donating around £2,000 during our year-long link up.
"This project will provide a number of work experience job roles such as event stewards, activity organisers, bike maintenance crew, and catering crew.
"As the pupils increase in skills and confidence, our project partner Skansaka Civil Engineering will identify appropriate pupils to commence work experience within their dynamic operation in Hull.
The school has also been successful in gaining a £3,000 from the Two Ridings Foundation for Grassroots.
Vandals targeted the school's polytunnel last year, causing around £2,000 worth of damage.
Mr Hancock said: "Environmental education is a massive part of the curriculum at Ganton School. When our poytunnel was vandalised our pupils were devastated. This was because so many of them look forward to working there with all the amazing things we grow.
"Not only is the tunnel vital to everything we grow but it also provides an amazing calming sensory space for some of our most vulnerable pupils.
"When Coletta and Tyson, Instaplanta, Skanska and our pupils' parents all came forward with offers of help we were blown away. To know so many people read about and cared about our work was an amazing feeling.
"We can now look forward to another successful year enjoying everything that the outdoors has to offer. We would all like to say a massive thank you!"


text:
function solve(input, start) {
    return input.substring(0, start.length) === start ? "true" : "false";
}

console.log(solve("How have you been?", "how"));

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I had been homeless for two years when I got involved with People Incorporated. Now I have my own apartment, I'm working on my GED, and I'm planning to go to college and then find work. I'm just so grateful.
Eligibility: All Artability workshops are free and open to adults (18+) who have a mental health diagnosis. No proof of diagnosis is required. You must register to attend. ASL interpreters available upon request. Materials included. Workshops are for beginner and advanced artists.
Please follow the "Register" links below to register for each workshop you would like to attend.
Cancellation Policy: Cancellation is encouraged at least 24 hours in advance. Class sizes and supplies are limited. Please cancel if you are not able to attend so that someone else may enjoy the class. If you registered online, please cancel online. If you registered by voicemail, please cancel by voicemail.
Mailing List: Would you like to be added to our mailing list that includes upcoming workshops and information about our annual Artability Show & Sale? To sign up for the mailing list please email artability@peopleincorporated.org.


Rainbow Fluorite is a stunning crystal that has beautiful colors and patterns which makes this stone so pretty and unique. Fluorite is known for its powerful protection and healing properties and is said to have the ability to help you focus and clear confusion. Many will carry this stone to relieve stress. It is best display this unique stone near a window where natural light can beam through it.
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