#GamingGastronomy – What Does The Internet Recommend?
Do you like playing games? Do you enjoy cooking? Do you like to occasionally have more than just soda pop and potato chips as snacks for game night? In this Monday blog series, game industry personalities will be sharing some of their favorite recipes for game night munchies. Welcome to Gaming Gastronomy! This week we do some Google-fu to see what the Internet recommends we munch on during game night.
I thought it would be interesting to see what the Internet recommends for our game night munchies. First up, we check out some of my favorite recipe sites. Each of these has added to my recipe files over the years, so how do they recommend we prepare for a game night with friends and family?
Some of my favorite cookbooks on my shelf. Those books and recipe cards from my mom and mother-in-law get a lot of use along with the online recipe sites I list above. Do you have favorite cookbooks you still reference?
Next up we check out some other Internet sites providing similar information as #GamingGastronomy.
Hello! Welcome to Boards and Crafts! This channel is all about crafts, snacks, review and more inspired from games, for games, and all about boardgames. What will we create this week?
Calling all intrepid chefs: we want to help you level-up your cuisine! The Cooking with Dice system uses elements of traditional tabletop role-playing games to turn your kitchen into an adventure zone.
With this gamified cookbook, you can play solo, cooperatively, or competitively with friends and family. Start by selecting a character that combines traditional D&D-style races and classes with the (also) traditional French Brigade de Cuisine. Then, read the fantasy adventure scenario and take on the challenge put before you.
By using our roll tables to substitute in key ingredients, you can create thousands of unique recipes from our formulas. Just roll the dice and see what happens! Cook your dishes, taste-test them, and determine your score. The more points you earn, the faster your character levels up to the prized position of Chef de Cuisine!
Nothing brings people together like gaming and eating, so we thought it'd be pretty cool to have a show in which both activities are combined and we can demonstrate how to play some of the best games out there and help you prepare easy-to-cook and healthy meals for your friends… like the recipe below!
So, here's the deal. In my gaming group, everyone brings in $5 for food, and I (usually) cook up something great. I wanted to share my recipes with people, and maybe get some other good ideas as well.
I have a lot of recipes that cost less than $35 and be able to feed 7 people, preferably leaving leftovers. It is not uncommon for me to cook and for one person to be able to eat for 3-4 days off the leftovers. Also, looking for reasonably healthy foods; as in, not dripping with grease/oil.


In my case I couldn't open explorer view on a SharePoint 2007 library. the resolution was to switch my IE 11 compatibility view to 10, this resolved the issue.
Add the following to the end of the document library url you would like view with file explore WebFldr.aspx replacing the current view page.


Let The Games Being!- Winter Games for Gold, Silver & Bronze!
Spice Up Your Football Tailgate Party With Local Flavors!
Tutti Frutti Summer Party Cupcakes!
Lovely & Fun Kids Easter Table!
Loving Shamrocks & The New Cricut Explore Air 2™!
Holiday Party- On The Fly, On The Cheap And Oh So Lovely!


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What do I need to be an…..?
What experience, education or knowledge do I need to be an apartment manager? How much do they earn?
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Paying cash for everything is not possible for most major purchases. I can't see buying a house with cash. By the time I saved up enough to buy it, I'd be dead.
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how to do body-insurance, I have substantial assets in six figures and be happy in the security zone, if such a thing ever happen!
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My electricy has been over a little over 24 hrs. Is food spoilage covered by this covered by my homeowners insurance?
Right To Buy: When is the new law on 50% discount on council houses coming in?
Do anyone know how many estimates you are required to have when your house has incurred major damage , for the state of alabama dealing with home owners insurance?


text:
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Small-Home concept helps seniors with alzheimer's and dementia thrive and flourish
By Lauren Witt, Forté Group, Inc.
The senior housing and care scene is changing dramatically as more and more seniors look for communities in which to retire. Institutional housing where seniors live in small spaces set along vacant hallways is a thing of the past. Baptist Retirement Community is taking a meaningful and fulfilling approach to the design, layout and quality of housing they provide for seniors. With the success of the two Green House® Homes that opened in 2008 on its 100-acre campus, Baptist Retirement Community has decided to build two more homes with a similar small-home model concept. These homes will serve seniors in need of assisted living memory care. The concept focuses on a small-home layout, with contemporary decor and care that is both personal and individualized.
"People delight in spaces that are well-designed, and they intuitively recognize when something has been designed with care," said Craig Kinney, partner and LEED architect for Kinney Franke Architects, who is spearheading the project. "We did a lot of research and had several meetings with the Baptist Retirement Community team to make sure we were designing homes that will exceed the needs of the future residents."
Everything is centered around a large living room. From that space, there are small vestibules that lead to resident rooms. The vestibules serve as a transition from a communal space to a private space, yet are short so residents do not get lost or confused. A spacious, secure courtyard connects the two homes. There will be a fire pit area that can also serve as a dance floor on warm summer nights. There will be raised gardens so residents can engage with nature, as well as shade spaces, trellises and porches. Baptist Retirement Community has made remarkable progress with senior care and their leadership pursues ideas that are both cutting-edge and transformative.
Kinney Franke Architects is incorporating natural lighting in various ways to help cue residents to the time of the day as well as to provide views into outdoor spaces. Each resident's room has a window, and there are skylights throughout the building, as well as large windows in the living area and kitchen. The interior integrates natural materials to create a tactile experience that connects residents with the outdoors. The detail throughout each home is fairly contemporary, as Baptist Retirement Community and Kinney Franke Architects wanted to create a living space more suitable for the preferences of the generations born in the 1950s and 1960s. Additionally, to make the homes more like a typical family's residence, they are eliminating beeping sounds, buzzers, flashing lights and anything that looks institutional.
"The design is not one-size-fits-all, as Baptist Retirement Community realizes that each resident has individual preferences," said Kinney. "We tried to incorporate as many options as possible. For example, we have designed a large communal dining area where residents can eat together, and we will also incorporate small nooks where residents can enjoy private meals if they do not wish to dine in their room or in the main dining area. We will have a spacious activity area for groups to meet or families to visit in, as well as smaller spaces for quiet activities like reading, sewing or spending time on the computer."
Each of the two homes is designed with a different color palette, one that leans toward a more coastal feel, and the other is a more rustic finish so that residents can easily distinguish between the houses. The houses will feature artwork from local artists and photographs of scenes in San Angelo and pictures of residents and their families. One of the homes will feature a beauty spa where residents can be pampered with hair and nail services, while the other will have an exercise area designed for physical activities and games. The furniture will be senior-friendly. The chairs have armrests so seniors can push off when standing up, or lean comfortably while relaxing. The furniture does not sink deeply either, so residents can get up with ease.
"These new assisted living memory care homes are modeled after the successful Green House Homes, which also embody the small home concept," said Kinney. "When you walk into one of the existing homes that where residents currently live, you can feel the sense of community. The tone is set by a compassionate team that genuinely gets to know the residents. The community's culture makes this a positive work environment, benefiting both residents and caregivers. My dad suffered from dementia in his final year, and I helped him navigate through many senior living communities in Houston, so I got a good feeling for what works and doesn't work. It has been an absolute pleasure working with Baptist Retirement Community. What they are doing is definitely working."
"We have been serving seniors since 1951 and are excited to serve even more seniors with the development of these two new homes," said Quinda Feil-Duncan, executive director of Baptist Retirement Community. "Baptist Retirement Community has been leading Alzheimer's and dementia care in Concho Valley since 2001 when we opened Sagecrest. We are excited to provide care to even more seniors in the San Angelo area who will benefit from this small-home model. This enhancement will create a continuum of care for those in need of memory care. No other community in the area offers the same level of care that caters to each individual's changing needs. We plan to open the homes in July and celebrate with a special grand opening."
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Fantastic. That's what you'll be saying when you wear these superbly designed cufflinks that feature a rounded square donut of fiber optic glass with a genuine Swarovski crystal at the center. Once you see these, you'll never want cream or jelly again. Crafted on a rhodium plated setting.


text:
// This file has the logic for performing merge-sorts of scatter queries.

package engine

import (
	"container/heap"
	"io"

	"golang.org/x/net/context"

	"github.com/youtube/vitess/go/sqltypes"

	querypb "github.com/youtube/vitess/go/vt/proto/query"
)

// mergeSort performs a merge-sort of rows returned by a streaming scatter query.
// Each shard of the scatter query is treated as a stream. One row from each stream
// is added to the merge-sorter heap. Every time a value is pulled out of the heap,
// a new value is added to it from the stream that was the source of the value that
// was pulled out. Since the input streams are sorted the same way that the heap is
// sorted, this guarantees that the merged stream will also be sorted the same way.
func mergeSort(vcursor VCursor, query string, orderBy []OrderbyParams, params *scatterParams, callback func(*sqltypes.Result) error) error {
	// We could consider exposing vcursor's context and
	// using that here. Needs to be discussed.
	ctx := context.TODO()

	handles := make([]*streamHandle, len(params.shardVars))
	id := 0
	for shard, vars := range params.shardVars {
		handles[id] = runOneStream(ctx, vcursor, query, params.ks, shard, vars)
		id++
	}
	defer func() {
		for _, handle := range handles {
			handle.cancel()
		}
	}()

	// Fetch field info from just one stream.
	fields := <-handles[0].fields
	// If fields is nil, it means there was an error.
	if fields == nil {
		return handles[0].err
	}
	if err := callback(&sqltypes.Result{Fields: fields}); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	sh := &scatterHeap{
		rows:    make([]streamRow, 0, len(handles)),
		orderBy: orderBy,
	}

	// Prime the heap. One element must be pulled from
	// each stream.
	for i, handle := range handles {
		select {
		case row, ok := <-handle.row:
			if !ok {
				if handle.err != nil {
					return handle.err
				}
				// It's possible that a stream returns no rows.
				// If so, don't add anything to the heap.
				continue
			}
			sh.rows = append(sh.rows, streamRow{row: row, id: i})
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return ctx.Err()
		}
	}
	heap.Init(sh)
	if sh.err != nil {
		return sh.err
	}

	// Iterate one row at a time:
	// Pop a row from the heap and send it out.
	// Then pull the next row from the stream the popped
	// row came from and push it into the heap.
	for len(sh.rows) != 0 {
		sr := heap.Pop(sh).(streamRow)
		if sh.err != nil {
			return sh.err
		}
		if err := callback(&sqltypes.Result{Rows: [][]sqltypes.Value{sr.row}}); err != nil {
			return err
		}

		select {
		case row, ok := <-handles[sr.id].row:
			if !ok {
				if handles[sr.id].err != nil {
					return handles[sr.id].err
				}
				continue
			}
			sr.row = row
			heap.Push(sh, sr)
			if sh.err != nil {
				return sh.err
			}
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return ctx.Err()
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// streamHandle is the rendez-vous point between each stream and the merge-sorter.
// The fields channel is used by the stream to transmit the field info, which
// is the first packet. Following this, the stream sends each row to the row
// channel. At the end of the stream, fields and row are closed. If there
// was an error, err is set before the channels are closed. The mergeSort
// routine that pulls the rows out of each streamHandle can abort the stream
// by calling cancel.
type streamHandle struct {
	fields chan []*querypb.Field
	row    chan []sqltypes.Value
	err    error
	cancel context.CancelFunc
}

// runOnestream starts a streaming query on one shard, and returns a streamHandle for it.
func runOneStream(ctx context.Context, vcursor VCursor, query, ks, shard string, vars map[string]interface{}) *streamHandle {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
	handle := &streamHandle{
		fields: make(chan []*querypb.Field, 1),
		row:    make(chan []sqltypes.Value, 10),
		cancel: cancel,
	}

	go func() {
		defer close(handle.fields)
		defer close(handle.row)

		err := vcursor.StreamExecuteMulti(
			query,
			ks,
			map[string]map[string]interface{}{shard: vars},
			func(qr *sqltypes.Result) error {
				if len(qr.Fields) != 0 {
					select {
					case handle.fields <- qr.Fields:
					case <-ctx.Done():
						return io.EOF
					}
				}

				for _, row := range qr.Rows {
					select {
					case handle.row <- row:
					case <-ctx.Done():
						return io.EOF
					}
				}
				return nil
			},
		)
		if err != nil {
			handle.err = err
		}
	}()

	return handle
}

// A streamRow represents a row identified by the stream
// it came from. It is used as an element in scatterHeap.
type streamRow struct {
	row []sqltypes.Value
	id  int
}

// scatterHeap is the heap that is used for merge-sorting.
// You can push streamRow elements into it. Popping an
// element will return the one with the lowest value
// as defined by the orderBy criteria. If a comparison
// yielded an error, err is set. This must be checked
// after every heap operation.
type scatterHeap struct {
	rows    []streamRow
	orderBy []OrderbyParams
	err     error
}

func (sh *scatterHeap) Len() int {
	return len(sh.rows)
}

func (sh *scatterHeap) Less(i, j int) bool {
	for _, order := range sh.orderBy {
		if sh.err != nil {
			return true
		}
		cmp, err := sqltypes.NullsafeCompare(sh.rows[i].row[order.Col], sh.rows[j].row[order.Col])
		if err != nil {
			sh.err = err
			return true
		}
		if cmp == 0 {
			continue
		}
		if order.Desc {
			cmp = -cmp
		}
		return cmp < 0
	}
	return true
}

func (sh *scatterHeap) Swap(i, j int) {
	sh.rows[i], sh.rows[j] = sh.rows[j], sh.rows[i]
}

func (sh *scatterHeap) Push(x interface{}) {
	sh.rows = append(sh.rows, x.(streamRow))
}

func (sh *scatterHeap) Pop() interface{} {
	n := len(sh.rows)
	x := sh.rows[n-1]
	sh.rows = sh.rows[:n-1]
	return x
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Team Adventure Gets Rich Quick And Acquires Another Quest
The party decided to use Elysia's magical resources to provide shelter for the night and she cast Leomund's Tiny Hut in which everybody (except Benbo) was able to fit. The disgraced hobbit was deputed to keep an eye on the party's horses while everybody else tried to get some rest.
This was, of course, a doomed enterprise since it was not long after this that the sound of something large approaching the campsite was heard. Aerial reconnaissance revealed that it was a fire giant, prowling through the darkness. Elysia managed to get Benbo into the Hut by casting a Reduction spell on him to shrink him to a fraction of his size; as he was a hobbit to begin with, his reduced mass was not going to cause the Hut to malfunction.
The party swung into action with Gullhor and Larsh emerging from the hut first to take on the lumbering monster. They were followed a few moments later by Alurax and Alagon. Elysia had to stay inside to keep the Tiny Hut going but was able to fire Magic Missiles out. Ferros also kept up a stream of arrows to assist the party members fighting hand to hand.
It was not long before the attack strategy of the giants was revealed as two more giants came out of the darkness, heading for the fighting. The party decided to concentrate their efforts on bringing down the first giant, then switching to the others, rather than split their strength and run the risk of more casualties. This tactic bore fruit as the first giant was brought down, soon followed by the second one, who had been wounded in the earlier fighting and who had not yet recovered. The assistance of the polar bear, plus aerial bombardment from the air force, together with Alagon's wolf made the party's task much easier.
The third giant ran slap bang into Larsh; the rest of the party had dived for cover as Elysia prepared a confusion spell. Unfortunately, the giant managed to resist the effect of the spell but Larsh was not so lucky. Gullhor quickly turned his bear back into its figurine status to avoid its attacks upon party members. Alurax sent Eristar the hawk swooping in to pick up the figurine and deliver it back to the hands of its owner. The giant then charged at Alagon and Alurax but the party was able to direct its entire strength at it and it was whittled down and finally finished off with a combination of trident, phoenix, wolf, hawk, Magic Missiles, swords and axes. Was ever a Fire Giant killed by such a combination of attacks?
Totalling up the number of giants killed so far, Elysia realised that there must be one remaining. She used Relic (and Ferros sent Rufus) to seek out any more giants in the vicinity. It was not long before they reported back that the final giant was still at the campsite. He was clearly wounded and Elysia realised that it would not take much to finish him off.
So it turned out. She flew Ferros there and dropped him off a dozen yards or so from the fire, whilst she used her Cloak of Elvenkind to approach and launch her attack. A final Magic Missile combined with Ferros' bow killed the giant and the rest of the party approached out of the darkness.
With no opposition to impede them, the looting began. There were several sacks and boxes of coins, a chrysoberyl, a silver crown set with gems and three magic items, a coil of rope, three blocks of incense and a scroll case. Elysia eagerly seized the latter, to find that it held two spells, Confusion (which she had already) and Polymorph Self (which she certainly did not).
There was also another scroll case which held two copies of a document in runes that Elysia could not decipher. She would have to rest and regain her spells before she could cast Comprehend Languages on it to work out what it said. After eight hours of restful sleep, she set about translating it and was alarmed to find out that the message was from the King of the Fire Giants to the chiefs of the other giants in the region, proposing an alliance with the aim of driving out the humans and seizing their lands. The party had clearly interrupted this particular courier but were there others and had the Fire Giants already delivered one message? The scroll case was a little too large for two letters so it appeared that this might be the case.
This could mean war
Stowing the scrolls safely, the party set off again. They were still committed to the quest for the Holy Avenger but the news about the threat from a potential Giant alliance was something to consider. Soon, Alurax, with his hawk vision, managed to spy a group of humanoids on the plains ahead of them. He was able to tell, by their gangly legs and large ears that they were bugbears. He proposed a plan, whereby he would ride towards them, shouting out insults in the bugbear language and entice them to follow him whilst the rest of the party used oil bombs and the powers of Florin the phoenix to light the grass and vegetation and trap the bugbears in a sea of fire.
"This won't take long, lads". And how right they were.
The bugbears, however, were not going to be taken in by something like that and as Alurax approached on Warnado, they split into three groups – four on each flank and nine in the middle. Galadeus used Florin to fire the grass in front of one flank group, then conducted an oil bombing which killed two bugbears and injured two more. Elysia used an Affect Normal Fires spell to increase the power of the flames. The rest of the party piled into the fight, with Alagon and his wolf, Wolf, committing to the other flank whilst Gullhor, Larsh, Alurax and Galadeus attacked the centre.
Larsh did particularly well, managing to rip a bugbear apart entirely. The rest of the party fared similarly well; Ferros and Elysia sent their pseudo-dragons into action to finish off the bugbears on the flanks, first the ones still burning, then the ones that Alagon and Wolf had not had a chance to kill. With the flanks gone, the centre was steadily ground down, with Alurax's new ability to launch two attacks every other round proving very handy. Elysia killed two with Magic Missiles. The power of the party was evident in the fact that five of the nine bugbears in the centre were killed with only one blow each.
Sooner than might have been thought, all seventeen bugbears were dead. Galadeus started to scout around and managed to find their trail, which he followed back to their camp, which was soon looted. A large chunk of amber, worth 500 gold pieces was a particularly nice find.
The party pressed on, feeling quite pleased with the way their fortunes were going. Some distance ahead on the plains, Alurax spotted some flying creatures hovering and swooping not far from the ground. As they grew closer, he was able to identify them as giant wasps. He counted eleven or so. He and Galadeus had encountered them before, at the ruined watchtower and they were not keen on getting involved with the stripy menaces again but cooler heads prevailed and the party laid its plans to get rid of them.
Florin the phoenix had the ability of Pyrotechnics, which of course included the production of large quantities of smoke. Galadeus proposed sending him into the lair whilst Elysia cast Web spells across the entrance. When the wasps were driven out by the smoke, they would become entangled in the webs and fire could then be used to eradicate them.
This sounded like an excellent idea and the party promptly put it into action. Florin disappeared into the cave and tunnel and a short while later, the smell of smoke was detected, together with an angry buzzing and droning. As luck would have it, all the wasps flew into the webs and the party set to with torches and oil to burn them alive, Alagon finishing off the insects with his axe.
Once the lair was clear, the party ventured gingerly inside. There were no more wasps but they were wary for larvae or other menaces lurking inside the cave. None was found but skeletal remains of the wasps' former victims littered the tunnel. Ferros was delighted to find these and promptly animated seven of them to serve as replacements for his much-lamented zombies. The others started hacking away at the nest structure to find within a cluster of gems, twenty five in all, which earned them nearly ten thousand gold pieces' value. A truly profitable raid, considering the eleven wasps killed as well.
Now with added gems
As the party camped that night, they might have thought that they could enjoy uninterrupted sleep, but it was not to be the case. Alagon, on guard duty, heard the steady tramp of marching feet and alerted the rest of the camp. With the party awake, Elysia sent Relic out to see who was approaching. It turned out to be a group of dwarves, seeking somewhere to camp for the night. The party extended a welcome to them (with Ferros providing them with food and drink) and their leader, Hragnir, having been introduced to the party, said that he recognised Elysia by name. He explained that he had been told of the party's exploits by Olaf, who had returned to the clan's homelands with the medallion of Thorgrim.
Hragnir went on to say that he was surprised to find the party in the wilderness since Olaf had set off for the Moat House to find them, bearing grim tidings. It seemed that a great evil had fallen on the dwarven burial grounds and that several dwarves who had gone to investigate had not returned. Unwilling to risk their best warriors, Hragnir and his comrades had asked Olaf to return to his old party and offer them rich reward to investigate and eradicate the evil.
The party were, of course, committed to the Holy Avenger quest, but they made a note of the dwarves' problem and resolved to deal with it on their return. Whether they would ever return was another matter, but they were now building up a substantial list of things that they needed to do. The voyage west still beckoned and they had no idea how much further it was to their goal.
Labels: fun, kids, next generation, team adventure
The DM with Two Brains
It's a busy life DMing a session; even more so when you're trying to keep kids in order as well. Sandbox sessions with their extra workload of extemporising from sketchy notes at a moment's notice leave little time for keeping an eye on how the players are organising their character sheets, hit points, resources, oil bombs, magic item charges etc, etc.
To begin with, I sweated it all; I kept one half of my mind on what was going on behind the DM's Screen and the other half on whether the party's thief had remembered that he'd picked up a +2 short sword, +4 v Undead three months ago and should be using it, or making sure that the noobs used the right dice, or that everybody had taken their second bow shot that round.
After a while, I began to realise that this second role wasn't really that important; if the players, who had been gaming for several months, couldn't keep track of their magic items, or forgot to maximise their attacks, that was not for me to worry about. If the magic user cast more spells than they were entitled to, or the fighter used the Large damage dice when the target was Man-sized, the world wasn't going to come to an end. My responsibility was to keep the adventure on track, make sure I used the right monster stats and delivered an enjoyable session for all (within reason).
Of course, I have an advantage – I have two brains.
I'll explain. When Team Adventure first started, Mummy Grognard sat in - partly to chaperone the first two players and partly to see what this D&D thing was all about. As the campaign progressed, she became a true part of the team, actively recruiting for places at the table and keeping things under control when the lads started to get distracted and perhaps a little bit…well, laddish. As things have got more involved, I've also allocated her the role of caller so that we don't have five boys trying to shout over each other in order to get the DM to listen to them. She also keeps track of the magic, gold and XP I hand out and makes sure that at the end of each session, the players' totals are up to date, accurate and confirms if anyone has levelled up.
All this and sorting the pizzas and milkshakes as well. All praise to her for what she does and the way she stays cool under pressure. To assist her further, I've printed out her spell book and a contents page so that she can check more quickly what her magic user can do, what effect it has and how long it lasts without flicking through the entire PHB each time.
In a way, her administrative activities in keeping five boys under control and organised lift a heavy burden from me and ensure that the game progresses fairly and enjoyably. She also manages to bifurcate her MG and Elysia personae very effectively.
Has anybody else had experience of situations or groups where one player clearly takes over part of the admin for the DM? Did it work or was it eventually more trouble than it was worth? Or are all your players superbly organised and need no administrative support?
Labels: DMing style, kids, question
Team Adventure - I love the smell of oil bombs in the evening
Following their mystical adventure into a wintry wonderland, the party awoke to a rather more mundane reality; they were still in the woodlands although Galadeus was with them once more and they had their various magical companions.
Gullhar had a magical figurine of a polar bear which he could animate to fight for him once a day. He decided to call it Larsh, after the bear that he had met in the winter adventure.
Benbo had a phoenix figurine, similarly animatable, which he named Florin.
Ferros now had a pseudo-dragon companion, named Rufus, who quickly made friends with Relic.
Alagon was very pleased with his wolf companion, which (perhaps rather unimaginatively) he named Wolf.
Alurax's familiar was a hawk named Eristar, and he was delighted when he found that he could share its superior vision during daylight and that it could talk to him.
The party set off but soon heard the sound of hoofs echoing across the hilly terrain through which they were moving having just left the sylvan forest behind. They launched the Air Force (as the hawk, two pseudo-dragons and phoenix were now dubbed) who soon reported that the sound was that of the approach of a herd of wild horses. The party decided not to worry about them and rode on their way, camping that night and establishing a watch rota.
At a certain point of the night, the sound of lowing was heard from the darkness and soon the party was roused and alert. Alurax put an arrow to his bow and set off into the dark, aiming (for reasons best known to himself) to try and shoot whatever it was that was making the noise. He did actually hit something (more by luck than judgement) but managed to trip over twice in the dark (once on the way out, once on the way back), causing himself minor damage. The rest of the party decided that fresh beef was not worth the effort and went back to bed.
The next morning, the party set off again but it was not long before the Air Force returned from its reconnaissance en masse. The reason soon became apparent – eight flying shapes approaching, shadowing the party. A consultation with Relic, Russet and Eristar revealed that the newcomers were griffons and the chance was high that the party's horses were on their 'must try' list. The party split (uh-oh) to try and draw some off whilst Ferros and Elysia decided to try the Fly and Parley option that had worked so well with the manticores a couple of days previously.
They conferred about the approach they were going to use for the griffons and settled on "We are very strong and can kill you if it comes to a fight but back up the trail a few miles is a nice herd of wild horses". Fortunately, the griffons took the bait and flew off to try the latest take-out.
The party was rather relieved that they had escaped some potentially damaging action with aerial opponents who could have made their lives rather difficult. They rode on through the hills and it was only as the sun went down and they started to make camp that somebody realised that Alurax was no longer with them. He had ridden off when the griffons appeared and had not been seen since. Where was he?
Nobody seemed particularly keen on searching for him in the gathering dark and so they pitched camp, got a fire going and settled down for the night. The night was not to be an undisturbed one. At about two in the morning, there was the sound of approaching footsteps (big ones) and again, the party prepared itself for action. Elysia used her Wand of Illumination to pick out the opposition; four figures, each about twelve feet tall, with coal-black skin and flaming orange hair and beards.
I don't actually have this mini but I wish I did.
Never having met Fire Giants before, the party were nonetheless fired up (excuse the pun) for action. Ferros opened fire with his bow, Elysia with Magic Missiles. The giants, after taking missile fire as they closed in, crashed into the party's lines. Galadeus and Benbo had climbed into trees to try and jump onto the giants as they passed by. Galadeus managed it, but Benbo landed short and was used as a golf ball by one enterprising giant. The hobbit went flying through the air and landed in a crumpled heap several yards away.
Lucky shots from Gullhar, Alagon and Ferros had actually managed to bring one of the giants down (a well-considered d30 roll helped) and Gullhar's timely activation of Larsh gave the giants another opponent to fight.
Elysia used a newly-lit torch to cast Fire Charm, enchanting both the giant, Alagon and Galadeus (on the giant's back) at the same time. Having removed one opponent from the fight, she moved on to the one that was pressing Gullhar back under the weight of its hefty attacks.
Meanwhile, amazingly, Larsh had managed to get two hugs in on his giant opponent and although he had taken some damage himself, his capacity to soak up damage stood him in good stead as eventually the giant succumbed to the claws and crushing power of the bear's strength.
Elysia called on Gullhar to run for it, and he did so, drawing the giant straight past the magic user and into the effect of a Confusion spell. It staggered to a halt and stood there stupefied for valuable moments whilst Elysia used Unseen Servant to knock Alagon and Galadeus out of the Fire Charm's influence, leaving the Fire Giant staring at the pretty colours.
The party withdrew into the night, leaving the confused Giant to wander hither and thither, eventually attacking its Fire Charmed comrade, nearly killing it although it fought back, having had the Charm broken.
At that point, out of the darkness came Eristar, Alurax's hawk familiar. The party was about to find out what had become of the missing fighter.
Alurax having been chased by a griffon, had got lost in the hills and, being unable to find the party, had made camp on his own for the night. During the night, he too was disturbed by the approach of Fire Giants, three of them in this instance. They were part of the main group but had taken a slightly different route and come across the trident-wielding fighter. He had hastily scrambled to his feet and mounted his horse but unfortunately, a couple of accurately-thrown boulders found their mark and Warnado, his horse crashed to the ground, nearly killed by the incoming missiles. Alurax had loosened the horse bardings to try and get up some speed but it was to no avail. The fighter now faced three giants and, armoured as he was, could not outdistance them. He was soon to find that being the strongest fighter in the party was no guarantee that he could beat anything and was very heavily beaten by one of the giants as the other two moved in for the kill.
At the last minute, Alurax decided that discretion was the better part of valour and made a run for it, discarding practically everything that was slowing him down (except his beloved trident) in a bid to outdistance the giants. They pursued him for a while, half-heartedly, having had their fun. They went on their way, laughing about their 'pasting of the little fellow' while Alurax, leaking blood from several serious wounds, crept back through the dark to see to his horse, who was still alive but only just. He sent Eristar to seek out the party and let them know what had happened and that there were three giants heading their way.
The party were none too happy to hear this. Nevertheless, Elysia sent Relic back with Eristar to verify the condition of Alurax. Via this long-distance courier communication, Alurax declared that he would not leave his horse, so Elysia realised she would have to go to him. She was out of spell capacity that would have enabled her to fly there, but Benbo revealed that he had a Potion of Flying that he donated so that Elysia, Ferros and the Air Force could cover the short distance to where the fighter lay with his mount.
When they arrived, Ferros healed some of Warnado's damage before turning his attention to Alurax. They then returned, albeit slowly, to where they had left the others. The three giants had arrived, found their fallen comrades and the other two, confused and battered had all gone off into the night.
The party licked its wounds and conferred over breakfast. The consensus was that the party had done quite well against the giants the previous night and with Alurax back in the fold, the remaining five giants were ripe for the picking. Two were known to be wounded, one badly. It should be pointed out that Benbo thought this an unnecessary diversion and was the only one to vote against this.
The Air Force began its scouting, looking for the direction that the giants had taken. Sightings of a group of stone giants in rockier terrain and a large band of goblins were ignored and the party followed the trail that had been identified. They rode all day and as dusk began to fall, spotted a camp fire in the distance, which they approached cautiously. Elysia had decided to use Fly and Fire Charm again, since it had gone so well the night before and she set about preparing for the attack.
Unfortunately for her, Benbo had ideas of his own. He activated his phoenix and lashed together two bombs made up of three oil flasks each. He clearly remembered the attack on the ogres in the ravine. Having assembled his bombs, he sent Florin off to drop them into the fire, hoping that the explosion would cause havoc to the camping giants. At this point, Gullhar pointed out that since they were Fire Giants, the attack would, almost certainly have no effect, but Benbo was unconcerned. Alurax pointed out at the same time that Elysia was in the area and would be in danger. If anything happened to her, they would view his actions in a very hostile manner.
Meanwhile, Elysia had arrived at the camp fire to find only the two wounded Fire Giants there. She nevertheless cast her Fire Charm spell and managed to entrance the less seriously wounded giant. The other giant, on the brink of death, was helped across by a Magic Missile. There was no sign of the other giants but Elysia had managed to remove the threat posed by two, at least.
However, just as she was assessing her next move, something dropped out of the darkness and landed in the camp fire. Benbo's aerial assault had reached its target and Elysia was about to have a very unpleasant and oily experience.
Back at the party's camp, the gang were waiting for Florin to return with reports of how well the mini-Dresden had gone. Benbo was in for a surprise as out of the darkness stormed a charred, smoking and very angry magic user. Elysia demanded to know who had been responsible for the oil bombing which had left her with serious splash damage and had almost set her Cloak of Elvenkind on fire. All fingers pointed to Benbo. Elysia instructed that the luckless hobbit should be tied up – for his own safety and for everybody else's.
A disciplinary hearing was convened while Elysia recounted what had transpired at the giants' camp site. By sheer good fortune, the oil bomb cluster had landed just at the edge of the fire and although the blast had happened just as Benbo intended, Elysia caught only the splash damage rather than a direct hit. She was nevertheless burning in several places and rolled on the ground to put herself and the Cloak out. The giant that had been Charmed – who had, unsurprisingly, suffered no fire damage - was released from the enchantment and hollered the alarm, causing the three Fire Giant sentries to leap into action. Elysia's Fly spell was still in operation and she took off out of danger.
Okay, that's the village secure; let's call in the hobbits
The decision of the hearing was that Benbo should be relegated to the status of NPC – still with the party, but responsible only for such things as keeping an eye on the horses, non-combat related activities and such like. Custody of his phoenix figurine was transferred to Galadeus. Having made its decision, the party withdrew to find a safe camp site, aware that the giants were now roused and angry; not good neighbours to have around.
Are children intuitive railroaders?
A couple of years ago, I was reading an article which discussed the tendency of children to ascribe purpose to everything and pondered if this effectively hardwired them to a theistic view of the universe. Whilst that is in itself a very interesting article and worth a look, it's not what I want to discuss today, although I have purloined and slightly altered the title.
The recent account of the Christmas dungeon run by Junior Grognard will have shown just how railroady it was, although this is not to take anything away from his achievement in writing it and running it. All I'm saying is that there was a specific goal, a pre-determined path and no substantial deviation had been planned for.
This surprised me at the time, since he and his friends have been playing a very sandbox, player-agency driven campaign for a number of years and I had thought that this playing style might have rubbed off on him to a certain extent. The reasons why it hadn't intrigued me.
It may be that since birth, children are exposed to story, either in the written format or in the televised version. The stories they encounter in this fashion are very linear; A leads to B, leads to C, concludes at D. There's no concept of the possibility of alternative outcomes; the text is inviolable, created by an unseen source, presented as a given. When children begin to write or otherwise create their own stories, they often adhere to the beginning-middle-end format, not necessarily examining motivations but letting actions fuel their narratives. Indeed, to change anything about the narrative alters the end and this is not something that children find easy to contemplate unless alternative resolutions are addressed by a specific exercise.
Since the emergent story is often hard to discern from the pre-planned, pre-existing version whilst running dungeons, particularly if the DM is skilled in making random events mesh seamlessly into a coherent and unfolding experience, the existence of other ways of creating stories may not even be apparent to child players. That the party was ultimately victorious against the giants in the fire chasms seems to them a logical outcome, their destiny fulfilled. Something that was always meant to be. Returning to the nexus points where specific decisions turned an entire adventure onto another (and unexpected) track can show how player agency affects outcomes but it seems not to sink into the child mind.
Another possibility is that sandbox is by its very nature formless, unpredictable and places a large amount of responsibility onto the players for their own fates. I don't know about your family but in my experience, a childhood is not often the place where there is a lack of predictability, a feeling that anything could happen (good or bad) and a whole shed load of personal responsibility dumped on a child (well, not until they get into their teenage years.) Junior Grognard gets up at a particular time, goes to school at a particular time, eats what I buy and cook, goes to bed at a particular time, takes holidays we choose, has specific areas where he enjoys freedom and others where he knows not to venture (often involving hot, fragile or sharp things). That might seem controlling but he's only nine and he's the only one we've got. Asking him to suddenly take on the responsibility for the choices, actions and fate of a character, even a fictional one is a big leap. It's possibly why players become more adventurous in their teenage years as they begin to realise that what they do affects what happens to them and they are allowed to do more. A campaign where there are few choices, things are set up so that they know where they are going and the outcome is predetermined does give a fair degree of security.
There's also the possibility that the child's mind as it grows is just not equipped to handle the kinds of uncertainty and choice that sandbox presents. It's documented that the frontal lobes don't fully integrate into the brain as a whole until the early twenties. These are the parts of the brain that deal with outcomes, judgements and controls a person's impulses and emotions. Being able to make informed choices from a range of options and to estimate the consequences of those choices is much harder without fully formed and integrated frontal lobes. However, whilst the frontal lobes are the parts of the brain that take longest to develop, the nucleus accumbens is a part of the brain that plays an important role in reward and pleasure. Children are biologically prone to seeking out experiences and activities that give the most reward for the least amount of effort; one reason why child RPG players are very easy to hook with shiny magic items and piles of treasure, leading to XP!
So, given the preceding, is it worth running sandbox games with kids? Should we just switch to adventure paths where the amount of player input is minimalised? I'd say no; my players, as I've said have been adventuring in a world where, unbeknownst to them, events are being driven by the choices and actions that they take. That they don't entirely realise the mechanics behind the world in which they are playing is immaterial; the philosophy of choice, player agency and lack of constrictive DMing is seeping into their still-forming minds and come the day when they can handle the concepts that underlie sandbox in its purest form, they will be ready for it, rather than addicted to the quick fix and the easy option.
That's my take on the issue; I'd be interested to know if other DMs who play with kids in their groups have encountered the same things or if other evidence is going to blow my hypothesis out of the water.
Labels: conundrum, DMing style, junior grognard, kids, sandbox
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Abellán, F.J., Calvo-Llena, M.T. and Rabadán, R. 2015. Harmonic development scale. An integrative proposal for the evaluation of children´s development. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology. 31, 3 (Sep. 2015), 837-848. DOI:https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.31.3.199901.


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Physical Therapist Lead - Physical Rehab
Vascular Interventional Technologist- Overnight Shift (full-time) **$7,500 Sign On Bonus**
Physician (Occupational Health)
Location: Corpus Christi, Texas
Leads and serves as a resource for the department. Organizes and conducts medically prescribed physical therapy programs to restore function, prevent disability following disease, injury or loss of a body part, and helps patients reach maximum performance levels. Plans therapy involving physical exercise, massage, heat, water, etc. Utilizes various mechanical and electrical equipment, and prosthetic and orthotic devices. Evaluates, records and reports on patient progress.
CHRISTUS Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi-Shoreline overlooking Corpus Christi Bay is the largest and foremost acute care medical facility in the region, with a full range of diagnostic and surgical specialty services in cardiac, cancer and stroke care. It is the leading emergency facility in the area and the only Level II Trauma Center in the Coastal Bend, staffed with physicians and nurses specially trained in emergency services.
The Pavilion and the Critical Care Center house a state-of-the-art Emergency Department, ICU, Cardiac Cath Lab and surgical suites.
A teaching facility, in affiliation with the Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine
Accredited Chest Pain Center
Accredited Joint Commission Stroke Team
The Shoreline campus is a premiere facility housing many of the region's most vital and renowned programs such as a Primary Stroke Center, nationally accredited Cancer Center and a nationally recognized Chest Pain Center. The Pavilion at CHRISTUS Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi-Shoreline houses the CHRISTUS Spohn Heart Network, which was recently recognized as one of the top 100 cardiovascular hospitals in the United States. The Heart Institute offers the most advanced diagnostic, surgical and rehabilitative cardiac services in one convenient location.
Graduate of an accredited school of Physical Therapy
Knowledgeable of the American Physical Therapy Association Code of Ethics and the Guide to Physical Therapy Practice.
Minimum three years as a Physical Therapist
Current license by the Texas Board of Physical Therapy & Occupational Therapy Examiners
CPR (American Heart Association)
About CHRISTUS Health
CHRISTUS HEALTH is an international Catholic, faith-based, not-for-profit health system comprised of almost more than 600 services and facilities, including more than 60 hospitals and long-term care facilities, 350 clinics and outpatient centers, and dozens of other health ministries and ventures. CHRISTUS operates in 6 U.S. states, Colombia, Chile and 6 states in Mexico. To support our health care ministry, CHRISTUS Health employs approximately 45,000 Associates and has more than 15,000 physicians on medical staffs who provide care and support for patients. CHRISTUS Health is listed among the top ten largest Catholic health systems in the United States.
Connections working at CHRISTUS Health
https://careers.svu.org/jobs/16051345/physical-therapist-lead-physical-rehab


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TraitWare and Brightline Join Forces to Meet Today's Strict Budgetary and Security Requirements for Cyber Insurance
Cutting-edge Technology and Deep Industry Expertise Give Customers Superior Security Controls along with the Necessary Tools to Manage Budgets responsibly
Not only is passwordless, phishing-resistant MFA the Gold Standard for security … its implementation can also save businesses thousands of dollars on insurance premiums."
— Andy Runyan
RENO, NEVADA, UNITED STATES, January 12, 2023 /EINPresswire.com/ — TraitWare – providing Phishing-Resistant Passwordless Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) and Single Sign-On (SSO) for enterprise login – and Brightline, cyber-liability specialists helping businesses navigate the ever-evolving and increasingly important world of cyber insurance, today announce their partnership, which will give customers access to the best, most cost-effective cybersecurity and cyber insurance solutions on the market.
Over the past few years, the number and severity of cyber attacks have skyrocketed, which has had a huge impact on the industry. November 2022 had the highest number of successful ransomware attacks in three years, according to BlackFog, and the overall cost of cybercrime is expected to reach nearly $24 trillion by 2027, says Statista. Cyber insurers, having suffered colossal loss, have had to crack down. As demand increases, premiums are rising too (20% annual growth is forecasted), and insurers are requiring that companies have proper cybersecurity measures in place before initiating or renewing policies.
At the same time, federal agencies and regulators are also tightening requirements for cybersecurity. In order to adhere to FTC safeguard rules, for example, companies must deploy Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for any user who has access to customer information. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has called for Phishing-Resistant MFA, following several instances of attacks that bypassed weaker/legacy MFA that relies on shareable secrets or Phishable factors for authentication – such as passwords.
"The landscape of cybersecurity and cyber insurance has become too complicated for many to navigate,â€� says TraitWare CEO, Heath Spencer. "And legacy systems and software struggle to enable solutions that meet today's criteria. Together with the Brightline team, we can help companies get what they need NOW to be compliant and stay competitive – simplifying and securing access to digital assets with state-of-the-art technology.â€�
Brightline and TraitWare understand the urgent need for stronger security and the potentially devastating effects of cyber attack on all businesses. (60% of small-to-midsized companies that suffer a cyber attack will fail within six months.) They also understand the importance of cost-effective and cost-saving solutions.
"Not only is passwordless, phishing-resistant MFA the Gold Standard for security according to CISA and other world leaders,� says Andy Runyan, Brightline VP Cyber Specialist. "Its implementation can also save businesses thousands of dollars on insurance premiums.�
About Brightline Insurance
Brightline places insurance for large and small companies by helping control the cost of coverage through effective safety and risk management. Their cyber-liability specialists work alongside customers to identify the key business objectives to help mitigate risks in all areas of business. With Brightline Cyber Advantage, clients receive consultation from specialists who have their finger on the pulse of an ever-changing, and impactful sector. Brightline focuses on education and risk quantification/management while offering access to over 20 cyber insurance markets.
About TraitWare
TraitWare's enterprise-class, patented, plug-and-play solution combines native Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) and Single Sign-On (SSO) to eliminate the need for usernames, passwords, and any shareable or Phishable secrets – making life easier for users, increasing security for organizations, and reducing IT support costs. With TraitWare, enterprises can manage all authentications from a single console. The award-winning authentication platform and mobile app offer NIST AAL2 level authentication assurance, full end-to-end deployment options for Enterprise (SAML, OpenID Connect, OAuth 2.0, SSH) & WordPress, and simple user login, without usernames & passwords. This eliminates associated vulnerabilities including phishing, theft, or misuse.
Elizabeth Perry
TraitWare
Welocalize Further Strengthens its Commitment to Data Security and Privacy with ISO/IEC 27701 Certification
CONTROLTEK Unveils New Website for Enhanced Customer Experience


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Page views of Ted Gärdestads by language »
Among MUSICIANS »
In Sweden »
Among MUSICIANS In Sweden »
Ted Arnbjörn Gärdestad (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtɛdː ˈjæ̂ːɖɛˌstɑːd]; 18 February 1956 – 22 June 1997) was a Swedish singer, songwriter, musician and actor known internationally as Ted. Gärdestad began his acting career in 1966 and began playing music in 1971, signing with Polar Music. Assigned with in-house producers Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus, Gärdestad released his first single, "Hela världen runt," in late 1971 and worked closely with the four members of ABBA to create his debut album Undringar (1972). Read more on Wikipedia
Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Ted Gärdestad has received more than 249,676 page views. His biography is available in 18 different languages on Wikipedia (up from 17 in 2019). Ted Gärdestad is the 1,350th most popular musician (down from 1,133rd in 2019), the 669th most popular biography from Sweden (down from 528th in 2019) and the 18th most popular Swedish Musician.
Page views of Ted Gärdestads by language
Among MUSICIANS
Among musicians, Ted Gärdestad ranks 1,350 out of 2,675. Before him are Gackt, José Cura, Barry McGuire, Larry Mullen Jr., Elliott Smith, and Calixa Lavallée. After him are Jimmy Dorsey, Nils Lofgren, Mike Dirnt, John Legend, Clive Davis, and Bev Bevan.
Most Popular Musicians in Wikipedia
José Cura
Barry McGuire
Larry Mullen Jr.
Calixa Lavallée
Jimmy Dorsey
Bev Bevan
Among people born in 1956, Ted Gärdestad ranks 262. Before him are Ingrid Kristiansen, Milan Jelić, Simon Tahamata, Raimundo Pereira, Jesús Huerta de Soto, and Alain Perrin. After him are Ernie Brandts, Bill Maher, David M. Brown, Ulrike Meyfarth, Kevin Dunn, and Cris Morena. Among people deceased in 1997, Ted Gärdestad ranks 200. Before him are Ronnie Lane, Lillian Disney, Voldemar Väli, Helen Jacobs, Eugène Guillevic, and Lars Ahlin. After him are Pilar Miró, Pedro Zaballa, Kathy Acker, Zaur Kaloev, Antoine Cuissard, and Martin Kippenberger.
Ingrid Kristiansen
Milan Jelić
Simon Tahamata
Raimundo Pereira
Jesús Huerta de Soto
Alain Perrin
Ernie Brandts
David M. Brown
Ulrike Meyfarth
Cris Morena
Lillian Disney
Voldemar Väli
Helen Jacobs
Eugène Guillevic
Lars Ahlin
Pilar Miró
Pedro Zaballa
Zaur Kaloev
Antoine Cuissard
Among people born in Sweden, Ted Gärdestad ranks 669 out of 1,296. Before him are Nina Persson (1974), Mari Jungstedt (1962), Jonas Åkerlund (1965), Gunde Svan (1962), Karl Staaf (1881), and Magdalena Forsberg (1967). After him are Erika Lust (1977), Klas Ingesson (1968), Mats Wahl (1945), Mic Michaeli (1962), Ruben Östlund (1974), and Freddie Ljungberg (1977).
Others born in Sweden
Mari Jungstedt
Gunde Svan
Karl Staaf
Magdalena Forsberg
Klas Ingesson
Mic Michaeli
Among MUSICIANS In Sweden
Among musicians born in Sweden, Ted Gärdestad ranks 18. Before him are Åse Kleveland (1949), Peter Tägtgren (1970), Max Martin (1971), Jens Johansson (1963), Esbjörn Svensson (1964), and Kee Marcello (1960). After him are Mic Michaeli (1962), Alice Tegnér (1864), Quorthon (1966), Östen Warnerbring (1934), Eric Prydz (1976), and Anders Johansson (1962).
Swedish born Musicians
Åse Kleveland
Peter Tägtgren
Jens Johansson
Esbjörn Svensson
Kee Marcello
Alice Tegnér
Quorthon
Östen Warnerbring
2675 Individuals


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Q: checked="checked" não funciona no ng-repeat Estou trabalhando em uma funcionalidade de currículo onde basicamente o usuário vai clicar num respectivo radio button em que ele tem experiência. O problema é que para uma lista que irá vir do back-end, que agora ela está estática, o checked não está funcionando, embora no elemento html esteja marcado como checked="checked". Vou disponibilizar o código aqui para vocês poderem ver.

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A:

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app.controller("ctrl", function($scope){

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       val: 4,
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};

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        return isExist;
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  <!DOCTYPE html>

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Bloomington Volunteer Network Special to the H-T
The city of Bloomington Volunteer Network is the primary source for information about volunteering locally. To search for more opportunities, visit www.bloomington.in.gov/volunteer or call 812-349-3433. The inclusion of an organization in this list does not imply city endorsement or support of the organization's activities or policies.
Girls' softball evaluations
The Bloomington Girls Softball League offers levels of play ranging from tee ball to fastpitch for players ages 4-15 years. On Player Assessment Day, which will be from 9:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. April 4, 10 volunteers will step up to the plate and assist staff with player evaluation and team placement. Players will be evaluated on their throwing, fielding, hitting and catching abilities, then assigned to a team. Volunteers assist with running stations and evaluating players. Minimum age is 18. Contact Kim Ecenbarger, Bloomington Parks and Recreation Department, at 812-349-3739 or ecenbark@bloomington.in.gov. (www.bloomington.in.gov/parks)
Teachers Warehouse
Teachers Warehouse receives donations of educational supplies from businesses and individuals and organizes them in its facility so MCCSC and R-BB teachers can select items for their kindergarten through sixth-grade classrooms. You can support Teachers Warehouse in a variety of ways, including sorting, shelving, and displaying inventory, assisting teachers, inventory control and general housekeeping. Professional volunteer positions include public relations, grant writing and web development. Minimum age is 18. Contact Martha Hilderbrand at martha.hilderbrand@gmail.com. (www.bloomingtonrotary.org/about-924/teachers-warehouse/)
Work and learn days
The Bloomington Community Orchard depends on the vision and generosity of community volunteers of all ages, abilities, and experience. Starting April 4, the orchard will have weekly Saturday work and learn days. Sessions in April and May will be 1-4 p.m.; sessions from June through August will be 5-8 p.m.; and those from September through November will be 1-4 p.m. Each workday focuses on weeding, mulching, pruning or general maintenance of the nearly-100 diverse fruit trees and plants. Workdays are open house style — volunteers join in when they are able, with no need to preregister. Volunteers are welcome to bring food or drinks to share on occasion. Minimum age is 16, unless with an adult. Contact Stephen Hale at 812-334-0922 or operations@bloomingtoncommunityorchard.org. (www.bloomingtoncommunityorchard.org)
Cat care at shelter
Every morning at the Brown County Humane Society, staff and volunteers clean the cat condos, replace litter and supply new blankets, toys, food, water and any necessary medication. Along the way, there are plenty of cuddles, pets and laughs, and it's an essential part of facilitating successful adoptions. Volunteers must be able to bend, reach, kneel and lift. Volunteers commit to one regular morning shift per week, or every other week. Minimum age is 15. Contact Erika Imhoof at 812-988-7362 or volunteer@bchumane.org. (www.bchumane.org)
Training for CASA
Court Appointed Special Advocates change the lives of abused and neglected children by representing their best interests in court. CASAs come from all walks of life, do not have to be lawyers or social workers, and are well-supported after completing 33 hours of training. Volunteers monitor the child's health and education, assist with identifying the child's best interests and submit recommendations to the court. Over 40 children involved in the court system are waiting for a caring adult! Applications will be accepted until April 6 for the next training, which will be 9 a.m.-noon Monday, Tuesday and Thursday from April 20 to May 11. The average time commitment is 10-15 hours per month. Reliable transportation and daytime flexibility are necessary. More information and an application can be found at http://monroecountycasa.org/faqs. Minimum age is 21. Contact Kelli Shannon at 812-333-2272, ext. 11, or kelli.shannon@monroecountycasa.org. (www.monroecountycasa.org/volunteer)
Community Wish List
WildCare provides professional care to sick, injured, and orphaned wildlife in Indiana. To grant a wish, contact Lane Vargas at info@wildcareinc.org or 812-323-1313. (198 N. Hartstrait; www.wildcareinc.org)
Wishes: bird seed, Purina dog/cat chow, laptop computer, desktop computer, gift cards for groceries, laundry detergent, washer/dryer, paper towels, bleach, hardware cloth, riding lawn mower, printer paper, fax/scanner/printer


text:
Chili Peppers Pair, Helmet Join Andy Gill + Gang of Four Tribute
See the full track listing and artwork;
John Frusciante Jams With Former Chili Pepper Dave Navarro
Past and present Chili Peppers' guitarists shared the stage over the weekend.
Red Hot Chili Peppers Recording New Album With John Frusciante
Praise the rock gods!
Red Hot Chili Peppers Reuniting With Guitarist John Frusciante
Frusciante is back for his third stint with the band.
Dave Navarro Recalls Lending Guitar to John Frusciante in Rehab
It would be a decade before Frusciante gave Navarro a guitar back, though it wasn't the original one Navarro had let him borrow.
Anthony Kiedis: John Frusciante Easy to Make Music With
Anthony Kiedis reflects on working with John Frusciante in a new interview.
Ex-Chili Pepper John Frusciante Becomes Trickfinger
Former Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante is showing off his electronic music influence with his latest project.
Anya Zadrozny
John Frusciante Announces New Solo Album, Unveils New Single
Guitarist John Frusciante remains rather prolific in his post-Red Hot Chili Peppers years. The axeman has just completed his latest album, 'Enclosure,' which is now on schedule for an April 8 release.
Red Hot Chili Peppers / Mars Volta Members Begin Kimono Kult
Former Red Hot Chili Peppers guitarist John Frusciante and At the Drive-In / Mars Volta guitarist Omar Rodriguez-Lopez have teamed up to create the new project Kimono Kult. Both eccentric musicians have put out some odd forms of rock in the past, and from what we've learned about Kimono Kult, i…
John Frusciante Exits Red Hot Chili Peppers – Moments That Nearly Destroyed Rock
Following the tragic death of Hillel Slovak, the Red Hot Chili Peppers recruited John Frusciante as their new guitarist. Frusciante would prove to be an integral member of the band, with his contributions playing a big role in their classic albums 'Mother's Milk' and 'Blood Sugar…
Loudwire Staff


text:
Ultimate Custom Night is a point-and-click survival horror video game developed and published by Scott Cawthon. It is the second spin-off game in the Five Nights at Freddy's series and the eighth game overall. Featuring over 50 characters from the previous games to fend off against, players can customize each antagonist's difficulty level to either facilitate or hinder survival. They can also customize their office room, and complete various challenges presented by the game.

Originally announced as DLC for 2017's Freddy Fazbear's Pizzeria Simulator, the game was later turned into a standalone release due to its size. It was released for free on Microsoft Windows on June 27, 2018, via Steam and Game Jolt. A mobile port for iOS and Android was released on April 28, 2020, and a console port for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch was released on April 30, 2021. A sequel, Five Nights at Freddy's: Help Wanted, was released on May 28, 2019.

Gameplay
The game allows the player character to choose from 50 characters from the first six main Five Nights at Freddy's games and FNaF World, and set their difficulty levels for the night from a minimum of "0" to a maximum of "20". During the night, the player must keep track of several mechanics, such as doors, ventilation systems, and air duct systems to avoid being attacked by the animatronics. The player can earn "Faz-Coins" to buy power-ups, plushies to stop certain animatronics, and a "Death Coin" to eliminate an animatronic of the player's choice from the current night. The player is also able to select the office setting, pick power-ups that may help them during the night, and select 16 challenges available to them. The objective is to survive from 12 a.m. to 6 a.m., with each hour in-game lasting 45 seconds. In the final release, 59 characters from the franchise were included, with some appearing without the player's choice. Of these extra nine, Dee Dee from FNaF World has the ability to randomly spawn and summon either a character that isn't currently active or one of six that are unavailable to the player. A new form of her named XOR being able to summon all of the extra six. An Easter egg involving using the Death Coin on Golden Freddy when he's the only active character on a night and set to "1" difficulty triggers a jumpscare from Fredbear, the earlier incarnation of Golden Freddy who had previously only appeared in minigames.

Plot interpretations
The player character is heavily implied to be William Afton, trapped in a purgatory-like state after the events of Freddy Fazbear's Pizzeria Simulator.

Development
In February 2018, after the release of Freddy Fazbear's Pizzeria Simulator, Cawthon announced in a Steam post that he would think about gaining help from larger publishers in making future games. In an edited version of the same post, he added that he would be developing an "ultimate custom night" add-on for Freddy Fazbear's Pizzeria Simulator, which, as revealed on his website, would have more than 50 animatronics from the entire series attacking the player. After realizing the size of the update, Cawthon decided to make it its own separate game. As he was programming the characters in the game, he would update the "progress bar" on his website, along with a brief description of the characters on a Steam post. The game was due for release on June 29, 2018. However, on June 22, in a Steam post by Cawthon, he revealed that he had planned to release the game on that day, but he had promised YouTuber Lewis Dawkins (a.k.a. "Dawko") that he would not release it before he came back from a cruise vacation, so he would wait until Dawkins returned from vacation on June 27 to release the game.

Reception
Ultimate Custom Night received mostly positive reviews. Rock Paper Shotgun deemed the game "an intriguing mess", with PC Gamer calling it "a neat, customisable take on the classic survival horror formula".

References

External links

2018 video games
Five Nights at Freddy's
Indie video games
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Single-player video games
Clickteam Fusion games
Android (operating system) games
IOS games
PlayStation 4 games
Xbox One games
Nintendo Switch games
Point-and-click adventure games
Video games about robots
Works about missing people
Video games set in hell
2010s horror video games

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


If you would like to upload your store chain to StoreLocate.co.uk, then please send us your data in a csv or Excel file using the form below. Please ensure your file includes fields for address, postcode, telephone number and opening times as a minimum.
If you should experience any issues with the submission of your stores, or would like to get in touch with any questions prior to submitting your data, please contact us.
We regret that we are currently only accepting chain stores for inclusion at this time.


When planning a wedding, especially a destination wedding, it takes a great deal of trust to believe we are the right fit for your special day. Sometimes it's only phone conversations we have until the big day, and with every phone call, we are here to provide you with exceptional service that will make you feel comfortable knowing you have made the right choice.
It's what really makes our company shine. The months leading up to your wedding deserve plenty of attention and we are always just a phone call or email away. We even go so far as to help answer questions that don't pertain to our end. You have questions about other vendors or what to do in Key West? We are deeply woven into our little island and can help guide you in the right direction.
You've spent countless hours designing the decor and designing the perfect layout. Our gear will never interfere with the look of your wedding or create a distraction. Our cables are neatly wrapped and hidden as best as possible so that you never have to worry about a mess. The team shows up looking sharp even when setting up, because we care about every little detail.


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Home Features	Road-tripping to Victoria's Twelve Apostles
FeaturesLandmarks
Road-tripping to Victoria's Twelve Apostles
written by Amy Foyster October 18, 2017
There have been many summers in my life that have included a drive to Lorne for a burger and a swim, a girl's weekend to Apollo Bay or a trip to Warrnambool for a family beach getaway, and they all include the same travel route: the Great Ocean Road.
The road – and its many landmarks – are one of Australia's most famous stretches of bitumen. But few people realise that it's not just a favourite destination among local and international travellers, but a World War 1 memorial, built by thousands of returned soldiers in 1918. After more than 14 years of hard labour, the road that now connects coastal towns and cool landmarks, like the Twelve Apostles, was finally opened.
The Twelve Apostles are not only a pretty sweet natural formation of rocks (even though there are only seven of them left), but are almost like an ever-evolving work of art, due to the constant changes caused by erosion from sea storms. Depending on the time of day and what the weather's doing, they can change colour too. If you're an early bird and get there for sunrise, you may be treated to golden rocks with spots of red and pink; if you're there later in the day, the rocks appear to be a deeper burnt orange, or even have touches of lavender to them as the sun goes down.
Image by Graham Holthaus via Unsplash
It's unknown when the Twelve Apostles were named as such, but most locals agree that they were given the Biblical name because it was impossible to see the rock formation without being totally floored by nature's creation.
If you feel like stretching your legs and taking in more of the rugged scenery around the Apostles, the adjacent Loch Ard Gorge is the place to do this; this is a great spot to learn about some haunting local legends too. While the protected bay within the gorge may look peaceful, it's actually the site of one of Australia's most famous shipwrecks.
Back in the day (1878 to be exact), a big ol' English ship named Loch Ard crashed on a nearby island. There were said to be 54 people on board but only two survived – a fifteen-year-old boy named Tom Pearce and a seventeen-year-old girl, Eva Carmichael. They both washed ashore in the Gorge where Tom heroically found some locals who managed to save Eva's life. Although she ended up returning to the Motherland, Tom stuck around and enjoyed his status as a local hero.
These days there are two rock pillars left from the original archway that protects the gorge from the sea – and they've been named Tom and Eva. Pretty cute, hey?
So, next time you're in Victoria and feel like getting out of the city, a trip down the historic Great Ocean Road is the perfect adventure.
Want to check out the Twelve Apostles and explore Loch Ard Gorge without the hassle of having to drive yourself? Get yourself on one of our Great Ocean Road trips.
Feature image by Jarret Kow via Unsplash
Road-tripping to Victoria's Twelve Apostles was last modified: October 18th, 2017 by Amy Foyster
Great Ocean RoadTwelve Apostlesvictoria
Amy Foyster
My main goal in life is to find ways that I can eat, travel and then write about it and pass it off as gainful employment. In fact, I normally plan my holidays entirely around where and what I am going to eat. Writing this has made me hungry…
Flying fish & crocodiles: anything's possible in Kakadu
Wines to try in South Australia
Traveller stories: Blowing a gale in the Grampians
Our handy guide to Rottnest Island
Why walking around the base of Uluru (and not climbing it) is so incredible
Meet the couple who met on an Outback Aussie adventure
Busted: 6 Aussie myths that just aren't true
Driving through The Pinnacles and Kalbarri in Western Australia
Stories from the road: we explore Ningaloo Reef with DriveAustralia
A trip to Mawurndaddja, the best-kept secret of Australia's Top End


Rozhan M. Idrus is currently the Director at the Centre for Global Open Access Learning, Immersive Technology & Quality Assurance (GOAL-ITQAN) in the Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM since 2014). He is a Professor of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) & Technogogy with 29 years of experience in ODL. Rozhan is an e-learning analyst, consultant, presenter and workshop facilitator and has presented 35 Keynote addresses in 17 different countries. He has published more than 170 publications in international citation-indexed journals, books and handbook chapters. Spearheaded the first homegrown electronic portal (2003) and pioneered use of sms in teaching of physics (2008) while in the Universiti Sains Malaysia. He has also garnered awards in mobile learning in the World Education Summit (2011), e-INDIA Awards (2010) and the Asia Pacific Mobile Learning & Edutainment Advisory Panel (APACMLEAP) Mobile Learning Initiatives Recognition (2009). He has given a definition to the term 'technogogy' and is passionately promoting it. He is the founding chief editor of the Malaysian Journal of Educational Technology and the International Journal of Excellence in e-learning (based in Dubai).


text:
En zoologie, la femelle alpha - ou femelle dominante - est l'individu d'un groupe d'animaux que les autres membres suivent, auxquels ils obéissent ou se soumettent.

Canidé

Louve
Selon l'auteur d'ouvrages naturalistes Maurice Dupérat,

Le philosophe Mark Rowlands évoque l'hypothèse d'un stress social pour expliquer ce phénomène.

Lycaon
Selon Thierry Lodé chez les lycaons ( lycaon pictus ) de la savane africaine :

Pour le psychiatre et éthologue Rolf Schäppi, chez les lycaons,

Notes et références

Articles connexes
 Conflit sexuel
 Sélection sexuelle
 Mâle dominant

Comportement animal
Femelle (biologie)
en:Alpha (ethology)


The case is formally known as Baker v Croslin. As detailed by the newspaper, the facts of this important case are as follows: a man died in a 2010 shooting incident "after a night of extensive drinking and gunplay at a house party in Northeast Portland." The party host "was convicted of criminally negligent homicide" but the victim's widow also filed an Oregon wrongful death lawsuit.
"Under Oregon law, a party host can be held liable for damages caused by intoxicated guests if the host provided the alcohol to a visibly intoxicated guest, and if the host 'substantially contributed to the intoxication of the guest,'" the newspaper notes. This is a succinct description of Oregon dram shop law – something about which I have written on this blog on numerous occasions. The Dram Shop Law is designed to encourage responsibility on the part of people serving or selling alcohol. We often talk about it in the context of drunk driving, though the details of this case are a powerful reminder that the consequences of reckless alcohol use extend far beyond cars and roads.
Citing new figures published by the Centers for Disease Control, Oregon Public Broadcasting reports that "excessive drinking accounts for one in every nine deaths in Oregon." That figure, it adds, puts our state on the wrong side of the national average, which is one death in 10.
The focus on binge drinking also highlights the importance of strict enforcement of Oregon dram shop laws. These extend responsibility for injuries and damage caused by a drunk person to bars, taverns and any business that sells alcohol. The dram shop rules are a reminder that cutting off someone who is drinking too much is everyone's responsibility, not just that of the drinker himself or his companions.
What this means in practice is that there are fewer officers available to enforce Oregon drunk driving laws. The newspaper quotes Portland police chief Mike Reese saying: "Traffic officers are committed to saving lives. They hold people accountable when they break the law… It's not easy work. DUII investigations require skill to make arrests prosecutable." The chief is asking the City Council for $300,000 in additional funds to restore four of the five overnight officer positions that have been lost.
While there are no available statistics looking at how fatal Oregon car crashes are distributed throughout the day, the newspaper notes that Washington State does keep such records. North of the Columbia River "60 percent of all fatal crashes occur between 7 pm and 5 am," according to a Portland police spokesman cited by the newspaper. There is no reason to suppose that the pattern is not at least broadly similar here in Oregon.
With Seattle in the Super Bowl this weekend excitement surrounding the Big Game is even higher than usual here in the Pacific Northwest. Unfortunately, increased excitement can often lead to overindulgence, and local and federal officials alike warn that Super Bowl weekend can be a dangerous time to be on the road.
According to a news release issued earlier today by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration "on Super Bowl Sunday 2012 alone, 38 percent of fatalities from motor vehicle crashes have been connected to drunk driving, compared to 30 percent on an average weekend." The NHTSA has partnered with the NFL and the Techniques for Effective Alcohol Management (TEAM) Coalition to urge fans to be careful and drink responsibly wherever they choose to watch this Sunday's game.
If self-control is not sufficient to prevent Oregon drunk driving, everyone should also be aware that police will be out in force across Portland this weekend. "The Portland Police Bureau and the Oregon State Police are teaming up on Sunday in a crackdown on drunken drivers. Their message: 'Think before you drink.' If you do, arrange for safe transportation to Super Bowl activities," according to a report in The Oregonian.
An item posted late last night on The Oregonian's website offers details of a serious Washington bicycle accident involving a teenage rider in which a motorist faces assault charges and, potentially, drunk driving charges as well.
The paper, citing the Everett Herald, reports that a 52-year-old Everett man driving a pick-up truck "allegedly struck a teenage cyclist, launching the boy off a 30-foot overpass… the crash caused the victim, 16, to fall about 20 feet onto a hillside, police said. His body then tumbled an additional 10 feet down into the street." The paper reports that the boy's injuries include a possible broken neck – meaning that, while they are not, according to the paper, life-threatening, they could be life-altering for both him and his entire family.
The pick-up truck driver "told police he had been drinking beer or wine a few hours before the crash and believed he suffered a seizure." The paper reports that when he was arrested at the scene the suspect "had trouble standing and could not easily move his hands. Officers said the suspect slurred his speech and had bloodshot eyes." Bail for the suspect was set at $25,000, the paper reports.
A report this week in The Oregonian is a welcome example of our legal system at work. The account of the conviction of a reckless Oregon hit and run driver who caused a two-vehicle crash in Tualatin is a reminder that the justice system can and does work for victims and our broader society alike.
According to the newspaper the 24-year-old man was arrested for causing the crash in a parking lot adjacent to Martinazzi Avenue in Tualatin last January. "Witnesses told police a man in a pick-up was driving erratically and struck another vehicle," The Oregonian writes. "The suspect's vehicle then hopped a curb near the roundabout at Southwest Avery Avenue and 86th Street and struck a road sign. Witnesses also said the driver didn't stop for a red light" and that while doing all of this he narrowly missed a pedestrian.
Once arrested the suspect was charged with DUII, hit-and-run and reckless driving. Now, five and a half months later, he has been convicted, and will serve time in jail, pay a fine and lose his driving license for three years. The man was initially eligible for a diversion program but lost that status, according to the newspaper, when he was arrested again in February.
The death of a highway worker in Canby last week turns a spotlight both on the dangers roadside workers ensure and, once again, on the problem of Oregon drunk driving.
According to The Oregonian, a 48-year-old man who was "placing warning signs about road construction near South New Era Road near South Haines Road" died last week after he was hit by a car believed to have been driven by a drunk driver. The paper reports that the driver was taken into police custody and an investigation is under way.
This incident is a sad reminder of the importance of exercising caution around highway workers. All too often, too many drivers fail to heed warnings to slow down in construction zones or other places where road workers are present. Many drivers also fail to give roadside workers a sufficiently wide berth when passing them.


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Fixing crude oil refining business in Nigeria
in Comments
The issue of deregulation of petrol (PMS) price has been a contentious issue for over two decades, as well as the deregulation of the refining business in Nigeria. However, we need to be clear on what the challenges are and how we go about deregulating the entire downstream petroleum sector.
Deregulation and liberalization of this sector mean different things. Lifting price and supply controls and constraints constitute liberalization of the sector, not full deregulation. However, full deregulation of the sector will entail privatization of the government refineries, pipelines, product depots, loading and discharge terminals for crude oil and products, jetties, etc. Privatizing some of these supply and distribution infrastructure may have severe national security implications
Deregulating the price of petrol will not automatically eradicate the shame of fuels importation into Nigeria. The exercise will only generate extra funds for the government which, if care is not taken, will likely be frittered away so long as it is shared by the three tiers of government.
The alternative would be to dedicate the entire revenue to major infrastructure development under a strengthened SURE-P agency with competent management or subordinate the revenue under the Sovereign Wealth Fund for the same purpose.
The next issue will be a forensic analysis of the demand and supply situation with petroleum products in Nigeria, so we can determine the extent of refining capacity needed to bridge the supply gap.
Currently, we have a name-plate refining capacity of 445,000 barrels per day (bpd). As at 2016, the average capacity utilization for all three refineries was about 13.7%, which dropped to 6.1% by the end of September 2017. Hence, the experienced fuel shortages and resulting massive imports!
However, the Group Managing Director of NNPC, Dr Maikanti Baru has assured that the refineries will achieve an average refining capacity utilization level of at least 90% by the end of 2019. Considering that the newest refinery (the new Port Harcourt refinery) is 30 years old, it is unlikely that such a huge leap could be achieved in such a short time!
According to Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) figures, Nigeria's daily consumption of fuels as at early 2012 was as follows: 32 ml / day of petrol, 5.2 ml / day of kerosene, and 4.1 ml / day of diesel. The difference between what our refineries produce and these consumption statistics should constitute our daily imports. The unprocessed portion of the 445,000 bpd is supposed to be swapped for petrol by the Pipelines & Products Marketing Company (PPMC), a subsidiary of the national oil corporation.
At another end, the Petroleum Products Pricing & Regulatory Agency (PPPRA) used to issue petrol import licenses to selected marketers. What is not certain is how both agencies reconciled the volumes of petrol they each import. It is against this background that the servicing of our existing refineries is welcome news. However, let us not be overly sanguine yet. Here is why!
In the most unlikely event that the recent turn-around maintenance of the refineries will deliver 90% capacity utilization (about 400,000 barrel per day), this will translate to about 20 ml / day of petrol, 8 ml/ day of kerosene, and 13 ml / day of diesel. The implication is that we will still be short of petrol. The fact is that even with a full rehabilitation of all the national refineries (which may take about three years to achieve) we are unlikely to achieve 90% capacity utilization considering the age of the refineries. The most we could possibly hope for is about an average capacity utilization of 60% 'tops'!
To achieve self-sufficiency in the short term and provide for smuggled or diverted fuels, Nigeria needs a minimum refining capacity of 750,000 barrels per day. To produce surplus fuels for export, Nigeria will require at least one million barrels per day refining capacity. This will enable us to produce about 56 ml/ day of petrol, 19 ml/ day of kerosene, and 41 ml/ day of diesel.
This is achievable, considering that a private firm JAMNAGAR (RELIANCE) REFINERY INDIA has a total refining capacity of one million, two hundred thousand barrels per day.
Achieving these refining capacity targets would involve the construction of large-scale (100,000 bpd and above), medium-scale (40,000 to 99,000 bpd) and smaller-scale refineries (1,000 to 39,000 bpd). Smaller refineries could be in a modular format.
Government will have to be involved in the construction of the larger-scale refineries, at least at the earlier stages. This is because of the capital intensity of such plants and the need for ensuring investors' confidence. For instance, the capital outlay for a 100,000 barrel per day (bpd) refinery is roughly $2.5 billion, while a 24,000 bpd modular refinery is about $250m (based on a feasibility study I carried out for a firm).
Therefore, it is easier for private firms to access funds for the modular refining units (through for instance, US Ex-IM Bank) than funding the medium-scale to larger-scale refineries. The manufacturing timescale for plant, equipment and machinery for a plant of 100,000 bpd capacity is within the range of 3-4 years. Start-up for modular refineries of 24,000 bpd capacities is within a timeframe of 20-24 months.
The modular system allows the plant to be expanded to 100,000 bpd capacity in structured increments (say five modules of 20kbpd each) should the refiner choose to do so. The increments can be funded with the cash flows from phase one and additional phases, and so the refinery will not incur additional debt for expansion after the first unit is installed. Unlike big capacity refineries, capacity expansion for modular plants can be done without shutting down production from existing modular equipment and plant. Revenue streams and pay-back periods are faster with the modular refining format, than with the larger capacity refineries.
The major short-coming with the modular format is that the plants are semi-automated or fully automated and therefore less labour-intensive, i.e. not many jobs can be created directly. For instance, 20 to 30 personnel can operate a 24,000 bpd modular refinery. Most of the spin-off jobs created are of a secondary nature, and are based around the location of the refinery, e.g. transportation, schools, hospitals, shops, restaurants, etc.
To sum up, modular refineries are simple, efficient and fast to start up. Such refineries usually operate at optimal capacity at all times. The relatively small investment cost allows for private investors to enter the refining business much easier. It also enables government to build the bigger capacity refineries using the modular format, but in incremental stages. However, government- built modular refineries should have full conversion facilities (i.e. catalytic reformers and naphtha hydro-treaters) to enable the refineries produce sufficient petrol.
However, it is unlikely that smaller modular refineries will bring about sufficient refining capacity additions. Perhaps, it may contribute 100,000 bpd at the most, given the paucity of funds. Large-scale Greenfield refineries will still be needed. To achieve this it would seem that the Nigerian government (through the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, NNPC) has to partner with the Chinese government (through its petroleum agencies- e.g. Chinese National Petroleum Company, CNPC). Why?
In the past 20 years, only three Greenfield refineries have been constructed in Africa. These were built in Adrar (Algeria) and Khartoum (Sudan) with China National Petroleum Company (CNPC) partnering with the governments, with capacities of 13,000 bpd and 100,000 bpd respectively. The third one was built in Alexandria (Egypt) by Egypt General Petroleum Corporation, i.e. Egypt's National Oil Company (NOC) with a capacity of 100,000 bpd.
Planned new builds in Africa were constructed by PetroChina at Ndjamena (Chad) and Zinder (Niger) with same 20,000 bpd capacity. The third is being constructed by Sonangol, Angola's NOC at Lobito (Angola) with a capacity of 200,000 bpd. From the foregoing, refining in Africa is led by NOC's, and new investments are dominated by the Chinese national petroleum companies.
Prof Nwaozuzu, writes from University of Port Harcourt.