text:
Catch and release is a practice within recreational fishing where after capture, often a fast measurement and weighing of the fish is performed, followed by posed photography as proof of the catch, and then the fish are unhooked and returned live to the water. Using barbless hooks, it is often possible to release the fish without removing it from the water (a slack line is frequently sufficient).

Catch and release is a conservation practice developed to prevent overharvest of fish stocks in the face of growing human populations, mounting ecological pressure, increasingly effective fishing tackle and techniques, inadequate fishing regulations and enforcement, and habitat degradation. Sports fishers have been practicing catch and release for decades, including with some highly pressured fish species.

History

In the United Kingdom, catch and release has been performed for more than a century by coarse fishermen in order to prevent target species from disappearing in heavily fished waters. Since the latter part of the 20th century, many salmon and sea trout rivers have been converted to complete or partial catch and release. In Scotland, the River Dee operates a full catch and release policy for salmon, grilse and sea trout.

In the United States, catch and release was first introduced as a management tool in the state of Michigan in 1952 as an effort to reduce the cost of stocking hatchery-raised trout. Anglers fishing for fun rather than for food accepted the idea of releasing the fish while fishing in so-called "no-kill" zones. Conservationists have advocated catch and release as a way to ensure sustainability and to avoid overfishing of fish stocks. Lee Wulff, a New York-based fly angler, author and film maker, promoted catch and release as early as 1936 with the phrase "Game fish are too valuable to be caught only once." Don Martinez a West Yellowstone, Montana fly shop owner promoted catch and release in his 1930–40s newsletters sent to Eastern anglers.

In Australia, catch and release caught on slowly, with some pioneers practicing it in the 1960s, and the practice slowly became more widespread in the 1970s and 1980s. Catch and release is now widely used to conserve—and indeed is critical in conserving—vulnerable fish species like the large, long lived native freshwater Murray Cod and the prized, slowly growing, heavily fished Australian bass, heavily fished coastal species like Dusky Flathead and prized gamefish like striped marlin.

In Ireland, catch and release has been used as a conservation tool for Atlantic salmon and sea trout fisheries since 2003. A number of fisheries now have mandatory catch and release regulations. Catch and release for coarse fish has been used by sport anglers for as long as these species have been fished for on this island. However catch and release for Atlantic salmon has required a huge turn about in how many anglers viewed the salmon angling resource. To encourage anglers to practice catch and release in all fisheries a number of government led incentives have been implemented.

In Canada, catch and release is mandatory for some species. Canada also requires in some cases the use of barbless hooks to facilitate release and minimize injury.

In Switzerland and Germany, catch and release fishing is considered inhumane and is now banned. In Germany, the Animal Welfare Act states that "no-one may cause an animal pain, suffering or harm without good reason". This leaves no legal basis for catch and release due to its argued inherent lack of "good reason", and thus personal fishing is solely allowed for immediate food consumption. Additionally, it is against the law to release fish back into the water if they are above minimum size requirements and aren't a protected species or in closed season.

In 2011, the National Park Service in Yellowstone National Park began reversing decades of regulation that promoted catch and release and other techniques that protected fish populations. In the name of native fish conservation, they began mandatory kill regulations on rainbow and brook trout in the Lamar River drainage and encouraged unlimited taking and disposal of non-native species, including brown trout in some park waters.

Techniques

Into the 21st century, there has been an emphasis on the development and refinement of science-based practices to increase the likelihood that released fish will survive (e.g., see research by Steven J. Cooke). That work led to the development of the UN FAO Technical Guidelines for Recreational Fisheries.

Effective catch and release fishing techniques avoid excessive fish fighting and handling times by using sufficiently strong tackle and barbless hooks, avoid damage to fish skin, scale and slime layers from nets, dry hands and dry, hot or rough surfaces (that leave fish vulnerable to oomycete skin infections), and avoid damage to jaw ligaments and vertebrae by suspending fish from jaws or gills for weighing or handling. If a net must be used it is important that it is pre-wetted and is not abrasive to the fish (such as a rubber coated net or very dense lightweight mesh), because fish can easily damage themselves in a normal net while thrashing. The use of barbless hooks is an important aspect of catch and release; barbless hooks reduce injury and handling time, increasing survival. Frequently, fish caught on barbless hooks can be released without being removed from the water, and the hook(s) effortlessly slipped out with a single flick of the pliers or leader. Barbless hooks can be purchased from several major manufacturers or can be created from a standard hook by crushing the barb(s) flat with needle-nosed pliers. Some anglers avoid barbless hooks because of the belief that too many fish will escape. Concentrating on keeping the line tight at all times while fighting fish, equipping lures that do not have them with split rings, and using recurved point or "Triple Grip" style hooks on lures, will keep catch rates with barbless hooks as high as those achieved with barbed hooks.

One study looking at brook trout found that barbless hooks had no statistically significant effect on mortality rates when fish were hooked in the mouth, but observed that they did reduce mortalities compared to barbed hooks if fish were hooked deeper. The study also suggested bait fishing does not have a significantly higher mortality when utilized in an active style, rather than a passive manner that allows the fish to swallow the bait.

The effects of catch and release vary from species to species. A study of fish caught in shallow water on the Great Barrier Reef showed high survival rates (97%+), for released fish if handled correctly and particularly if caught on artificial baits such as lures. Fish caught on lures are usually hooked cleanly in the mouth, minimizing injury and aiding release. Other studies have shown somewhat lower survival rates for fish gut-hooked on bait if the line is cut and the fish is released without trying to remove the hook.

Debate over pain in released fish

Opponents of catch and release argue that fish are highly evolved vertebrates that share many of the same neurological structures that in humans are associated with pain perception. They cite studies showing that, neurologically, fish are quite similar to higher vertebrates and that blood chemistry reveals that hormones and blood metabolites associated with stress are quite high in fish struggling against hook and line. The idea that fish do not feel pain in their mouths has been studied at the University of Edinburgh and the Roslin Institute by injecting bee venom and acetic acid into the lips of rainbow trout; the fish responded by rubbing their lips along the sides and floors of their tanks in an effort to relieve themselves of the sensation.

Lead researcher Lynne Sneddon wrote, "Our research demonstrates nociception and suggests that noxious stimulation in the rainbow trout has adverse behavioral and physiological effects. This fulfills the criteria for animal pain." A 2014 paper provides a critique of existing studies that purport to demonstrate that fish feel pain. James D. Rose of the University of Wyoming argues this may demonstrate a chemical sensitivity rather than pain and that the evidence for pain sensation in fish is ambiguous.

Injury and mortality in released fish
A metastudy in 2005 found that the average catch and release mortality rate was 18%, but varied greatly by species. During an Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation study, up to 43 percent of fish released after being caught died within six days as a result of inadequate holding and weigh in procedures during tournaments. More recent studies reported in Montana estimate that approximately 20% of released trout die from injuries or stress and for those that do not die, their injuries may significantly reduce their ability to feed and grow.

Emerging research suggests catch and release does not work very well with fish caught when deep sea fishing. Most deep sea fish species suffer from the sudden pressure change when wound to the surface from great depths; these species cannot adjust their body's physiology quickly enough to follow the pressure change. The result is called "barotrauma". Fish with barotrauma will have their enormously swollen swim-bladder protruding from their mouth, bulging eyeballs, and often sustain other, more subtle but still very serious injuries. Upon release, fish with barotrauma will be unable to swim or dive due to the swollen swim-bladder. The common practice has been to deflate the swim bladder by pricking it with a thin sharp object before attempting to release the fish. Emerging research also indicates both barotrauma and the practice of deflating the swimbladder are both highly damaging to fish, and that survival rates of caught-and-released deep-sea fish are extremely low. Barotrauma requires that fish be caught at least  below the surface. Many surface caught fish, such as billfish, and all fish caught from shore do not meet this criterion and thus do not suffer barotrauma.

See also
 Fishing tournament

References

External links
brown trout catch and release tips-link from browntrout.info
Only Some Catch And Release Methods Let The Fish Live ScienceDaily, 4 June 2007.

Recreational fishing
Fishing techniques and methods


After many iterations and updates, Michigan's MiPage mobile app is coming closer to becoming the state's first all-in-one services portal for residents.
MiPage was launched in 2014 as a mobile web portal, and now it's in the middle of its next major transformation — to increase the number of services provided and to actually house them inside the app, as opposed to merely redirecting residents to agency websites.
The project is a standout example of how a state can unify all its agencies and services into a single tool.
Suzanne Pauley, the director of eMichigan — the state's enterprise IT group responsible for MiPage — said that the new push is to realize the original vision by Gov. Rick Snyder for a user-friendly, all-inclusive mobile app. David Behen, Michigan's former chief information officer, laid the groundwork for the app and Pauley said Behen's work has allowed her team to build upon the original features.
"Really MiPage was sort of this proof of concept of 'how do we start to do things differently as a state government to serve our citizens better?'" Pauley said.
While much work has been done to put MiPage online, Pauley said it is still in its formative stages. Currently, it is a free application for residents that delivers news and event notifications based on a user's location. The app's mobile services are delivered in pages that are mostly informational or that redirect residents to other state apps or mobile-friendly versions of agency websites. The basic design lets people reserve campgrounds, report potholes, reserve recreation facilities and perform other simple tasks.
Yet the rudimentary layout shouldn't be confused for a final product. Pauley said the state legislature has provided funding for further expansion — support that will connect specific user data across multiple systems and across agencies. This will allow eMichigan to add personal pages where residents can see all of their requested services from the state, whether that be an application for a fishing license, renewing their driver's license or obtaining permits.
Complementing this effort, Pauley's team wants enhance the platform's backend analytics to track user activity and to launch a single login system — called MiLogin — that can be used to access services in any agency, statewide.
No date has been set for an official release of the app, but it is available now in its current form for smartphones and tablets on iOS or Android.
S.T. Mayer, the chief program officer at the civic tech group Code for America, said the Michigan MiPage project should be commended as an incredibly ambitious effort to apply civic tech at the state level where the difficulty of app design can increase exponentially. Code for America has launched hundreds of apps in cities for various uses, but in the last few years it has expanded services to the state level. In California the group launched GetCalFresh, a food assistance app and ClearMyRecord, a tool that helps residents clear low-level and nonviolent crimes from their criminal records.
Mobile-friendly design and a crisp user experience are common in the private sector, she said, and citizens should expect no less from their state governments.


text:
Umbrella SPV between Government of Gujarat and Ministry of Railways for Railways project within the state.
As per Joint Venture Agreement signed on 17th August 2016 between Ministry of Railways (MOR), Government of India and Government of Gujarat (GOG) , a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) namely Gujarat Rail Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (G-RIDE) has been incorporated for the purpose of development of viable railway projects in the state.
Equity Contribution will be as follows:
Government of Gujarat: 51%
Ministry of Railway: 49%
The Authorized Capital of the following Company would be Rs 100 crore.
The SPV G-RIDE has following objectives:
1.To carry on the business of development, financing, planning, operations and management, implementation of viable projects which may require VGF that are important for critical connectivity/capacity enhancement, development of other infrastructure facilities, by undertaking surveys, preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR), sanctioning of further railway projects as identified by the Company or by the private parties, to act as technical consultants and advisors in all related matters.
2.Accordingly, to conceive, identify, formulate, initiate, promote, aid, design, develop, structure, monitor, establish and implement of the, whether whole railway project or any part thereof, and its support facilities this project and to finance VGF and/ or to arrange financing of the above activities.
SPV would broadly undertake the projects as detailed below:
Katosan-Becharaji-Chanasma-Ranuj (65 Km) line Gauge Conversion Project
Vayor to Koteshwar New Line Connectivity Project (43 Km)
Bedi Port Last Mile Connectivity Project (14 Km)
Chhara Port Last Mile Connectivity Project - Kodinar- Chhara 19 Km Line
Nargol Port Last Mile Connectivity Project (14 Km)
Surat-Kudsad-New Sanjali DFC Line (44 Km)
Re-Development of Surat Railway Station as a Multi Modal Hub
IRSDC, GSRTC and SMC intends to develop a Multi Modal Transport Hub comprising of Surat Railway Station, GSRTC Bus Depot and SMC land in Surat (Gujarat) on PPP mode.
The MMTH shall integrate all public transport modes such as City Bus, Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS), State regional bus service, Metro Rail, Railways and intermediate public transport modes such as auto rickshaw and taxis.
IRSDC, GSRTC & SMC will form project Specific Joint Venture Company (JVC)/SPV for development of international standard multi-modal interchange facility.
MOU is entered on 17th August 2016 by all the three parties with equity sharing IRSDCL (63%), GSRTC (34%) and SMC (3%).
Gandhinagar Railway Station Re-development
Ministry of Railways has selected Gandhinagar Railway Station for itsredevelopment by exploitation of Railway Station Airspace for development of Hotel inintegration of Mahatma Mandir and Helipad Ground owned by the Govt. of Gujarat.
This hotel aligns to the central vista of Gandhinagar, thus adding to the aesthetics of the Central axis and complementing Dandi Kutir and Mahatma Mandir facilities.
An SPV named Gandhinagar Railway & Urban Development Corporation Ltd (GARUD) has been formed with Equity Contribution of Government of Gujarat (74%) and IRSDCL (26%) to work as a Joint Project Development Company for Gandhinagar Railway Station, development of Hotel on the Airspace above Railway Station and Management of Mahatma Mandir and Exhibition Centre at Helipad Ground.
The present estimated cost of the project is approx. Rs.610 Crores whereby grant of 40% of total project cost equivalent to Rs. 122 Crores would be contributed by GoG and Ministry of Railways in equal proportion.
The authorized equity capital shall be Rs. 100 Crores and paid up Equity shall be approx. Rs. 30.4 Crores to be contributed by GoG and IRSDC in 74% and 26%respectively. The figure of paid up equity is subject to finalization of the detailed project cost.
The license rights for Mahatma Mandir and Helipad Exhibition ground would be given to the SPV by Government of Gujarat for 45 years.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Best Of French Country Dining Tables On Yellow Kitchen Wall Decor In Particular Reserved For Meera Vintage | Eileendcrowley french country dining tables. antique french country dining tables. country french dining tables.


text:
Juan Martinez's Groundbreaking New Book Now Available
Initial Publication February 15, 2018/Uncategorized
Juan Martínez, professor of Hispanic studies and pastoral leadership, has released a new book, The Story of Latino Protestants in the United States, that is the first major historical overview of one of America's most vibrant Christian movements. This groundbreaking book provides a broad historical overview of Latino Protestantism in the United States from the early 19th century to the present.
"Latino Protestants account for most of the growth of US denominations that are growing or, at least, are not losing members," said Martinez. "They have been part of US Protestantism for over 150 years and they are changing the face of US Protestantism. Yet their role is largely unaccounted for in church history books about the US. The Story of Latino Protestants in the United States addresses this gap."
"The Story of Latino Protestants in the United States is unique in that it is the first complete history of Latino Protestants in the United States," said Martínez. "There have been Latino Protestants in the US since around 1851, after the US takeover of the Southwest from Mexico. But this is the first time a complete history has been written."
Beginning with a description of the diverse Latino Protestant community and a summary of his own historiographical approach, Martínez then examines six major periods in the history of American Latino Protestantism, paying special attention to key social, political, and religious issues—including immigration policies, migration patterns, enculturation and assimilation, and others—that framed its development and diversification during each period. He concludes by outlining the challenges currently facing Latino Protestants in the United States and considering what Latino Protestantism might look like in the future.
Offering vital insights into key leaders, eras, and trends in Latino Protestantism, Martínez's work will prove an invaluable resource for all who are seeking to understand this rapidly growing US demographic. "Given the current environment, it is important to talk about the contributions of Latino Protestantism to US Protestantism in general. This book invites readers to understand how Latinos became Protestants and their potential role in the future of US Protestantism," said Martínez.


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text:
CEOs review
Outokumpu CEO's review
Outokumpu's President and CEO Heikki Malinen commented on the company's results in January-September 2022 Interim report:
"Our third-quarter performance was solid. We delivered EUR 304 million of adjusted EBITDA, which is the best third-quarter result in Outokumpu's history. We also reached a significant milestone by reducing our net debt to an all-time low level of EUR 90 million, and our balance sheet is now stronger than ever. This enabled Outokumpu's Board of Directors to approve a share buyback program of a maximum of 20 million shares.
Our stainless steel deliveries fell by 12% in a softening market with exceptionally high imports. Distributors accelerated de-stocking of commodity grades, while end-user demand remained stable.
Business area Americas contributed once again strongly with a very high adjusted EBITDA of EUR 135 million. The US market has been exceptionally robust, but it has been clearly showing signs of weakening in the third quarter.
The energy crisis and related uncertainty cast a shadow across the quarter especially in business areas Europe and Ferrochrome. Despite the challenges in the operating environment, adjusted EBITDA for business area Europe's amounted to EUR 128 million.
Due to high electricity prices, we have been optimizing our ferrochrome production, which has led to lower production volumes, and adjusted EBITDA for business area Ferrochrome declined to EUR 34 million. We also decided to delay the restart of one of our three ferrochrome furnaces to at least the end of the first quarter of 2023.
Energy has become a major challenge in Europe. Therefore, we raise our energy efficiency improvement target to 8% by the end of 2024. To reach our new ambitious target, we will prioritize investments related to energy efficiency in the coming years and increase the annual capital expenditure for that by EUR 20 million for years 2023 and 2024. Annual capital expenditure for these years will remain limited to EUR 200 million.
We are determinedly progressing with our strategy. We concluded the first phase six months ahead of schedule and since then we have been ramping up the second phase. Having two customer-differentiated business lines, Advanced Materials and Stainless Europe, is proving to be a successful move in serving the specific needs of the two customer groups.
We have continued our strong emphasis on sustainability to further improve Outokumpu's position as the sustainability leader in the stainless steel sector. Earlier this year we launched our emission-minimized product, Circle Green, which has raised interest and demand among our customers across segments.
In September, we announced our plans to investigate a biocoke and biomethane plant investment in Tornio, Finland. With this project, we aim to significantly reduce our direct CO2 emissions and increase energy self-sufficiency in Finland.
Market uncertainty will continue in the fourth quarter and beyond, and the global economy faces a risk of recession. Outokumpu is much more resilient than ever before, and our significantly strengthened balance sheet gives us the stamina and strength to see us through these challenging times."
Updated on November 3, 2022.


If you are a scientist you know the American Chemical Society (ACS) for their high quality journals (all 39 of them) and for their annual meetings and conferences. But did you know the ACS also focuses on community education and outreach? The ACS mission is "Improving people's lives through the transforming power of chemistry." According to their website, ACS has 189 local chapters at colleges and universities around the country. Bharat Mankani (in the white coat in the photo) tells us about his work with the ACS chapter at Texas A&M.
I have worked at Promega since January 2011. I was hired as a project scientist, and am involved with Nucleic Acid Purification.
D. The bigger event where members help clean up the areas around the university, collect canned foods, etc.
E. College Night and Open House, an event where high school students meet college students who can help guide them in application and major selection.
F. (This one is my favorite) Kleberg Einstein's of Tomorrow (KET). TAMUK-ACS helps the Kleberg Elementary School (2-4 graders) children understand science by performing cool and fun experiments with them. We design an experiment every month, something that is seen in everyday life (polymers, pH indicators, surface tension, etc.), that are easy enough for the kids to perform. At the end of the school year we design the final Chemical Magic Show, where the volunteers show the science behind something that would look magical to an untrained eye. (Lightning in a test tube, color changing liquids, sun in flask, fog). Parents of the kids and kids are very fascinated by these experiments hence igniting their interest towards science.
I have been fascinated by science all throughout my life and love educating people and motivating people to become future scientists.
Visit the American Chemical Society website to learn more.


text:
Saint Teresa of Avila: Passionate Mystic (Paperback)
By Mirabai Starr, Caroline Myss (Foreword by)
"The important thing is not to think much, but to love much, and so to do whatever best awakens us to love." —St. Teresa of Avila
Journey to the 16th century to discover the fiery passion of Saint Teresa of Avila, one of Christianity's most inspiring saints. A tireless reformer and the mentor of Saint John of the Cross, Teresa's greatest legacy is her revelation of ecstatic love for God—a love so powerful that it pierces the heart like a burning sword.
Through illness, hardship, and persecution by the Inquisition, this courageous mystic lit the way with her unquenchable spirit to an "interior castle," a place of unimaginable beauty and light where no darkness can touch us. Saint Teresa of Avila gives you a direct link to the living presence of this brave and gentle woman, to draw upon her strength in your own times of need.
Mirabai Starr teaches philosophy and world religions at the University of New Mexico, and is the author of new translations of Dark Night of the Soul by John of the Cross and The Interior Castle and The Book of My Life by Teresa of Avila. She lives in Taos.
Caroline Myss	is the author of five	New York Times	bestsellers, including	Anatomy of the Spirit, Sacred Contracts, and	Why People Don't Heal and How They Can.	A leading voice in the field of energy medicine and human consciousness, she holds degrees in journalism, theology, intuition, and energy medicine. She has appeared on two highly successful public television programs, and on	The Oprah Show.	For more, visit	myss.com.
"The important thing is not to think much, but to love much, and so to do whatever best awakens us to love." —Teresa of Avila
"As I read this magnificent book, I felt the familiar grace of Teresa of Avila sparkling all around me." —Caroline Myss
Publication Date: November 1st, 2013
Body, Mind & Spirit / Spiritualism
Body, Mind & Spirit / Goddess Worship
Religion / Christianity / Saints & Sainthood


Coach of Dodan Warriors Basketball Club of Lagos, Adeeka Daudu, says his team are battle ready to face the challenges of the DSTV Super 8 playoff.
Warriors and seven other teams from the Savannah and Atlantic Conferences will converge on Lagos from 21-28 July for the final phase of the 2011/2012 Nigeria basketball league season.
Speaking with reporters at the weekend, Daudu said: "Right now we are in the final stage of our preparation for the Super 8 playoff, which starts in less than three weeks.
The Col Sam Ahmedu (red.), owned Warriors were undefeated throughout the regular season, where they played 14 matches. They shared this unbeaten record with Savannah Conference's Kano Pillars of Kano.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;
using Umbraco.Core.Configuration;
using Umbraco.Core.Logging;
using Umbraco.Core.Media;

namespace Umbraco.Core.IO
{
    public class UmbracoMediaFile
    {
        private readonly MediaFileSystem _fs;

        #region Constructors

        public UmbracoMediaFile()
        {
            _fs = FileSystemProviderManager.Current.GetFileSystemProvider<MediaFileSystem>();
        }

        public UmbracoMediaFile(string path)
        {
            _fs = FileSystemProviderManager.Current.GetFileSystemProvider<MediaFileSystem>();

            Path = path;

            Initialize();
        }

        #endregion

        #region Static Methods

        //MB: Do we really need all these overloads? looking through the code, only one of them is actually used

        public static UmbracoMediaFile Save(HttpPostedFile file, string path)
        {
            return Save(file.InputStream, path);
        }

        public static UmbracoMediaFile Save(HttpPostedFileBase file, string path)
        {
            return Save(file.InputStream, path);
        }

        public static UmbracoMediaFile Save(Stream inputStream, string path)
        {
            var fs = FileSystemProviderManager.Current.GetFileSystemProvider<MediaFileSystem>();
            fs.AddFile(path, inputStream);

            return new UmbracoMediaFile(path);
        }

        public static UmbracoMediaFile Save(byte[] file, string relativePath)
        {
            return Save(new MemoryStream(file), relativePath);
        }

        public static UmbracoMediaFile Save(HttpPostedFile file)
        {
            var tempDir = System.IO.Path.Combine("uploads", Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
            return Save(file, tempDir);
        }

        //filebase overload...
        public static UmbracoMediaFile Save(HttpPostedFileBase file)
        {
            var tempDir = System.IO.Path.Combine("uploads", Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
            return Save(file, tempDir);
        }

        #endregion

        private long? _length;
        private Size? _size;

        /// <summary>
        /// Initialized values that don't require opening the file.
        /// </summary>
        private void Initialize()
        {
            Filename = _fs.GetFileName(Path);
            Extension = _fs.GetExtension(Path) != null
                ? _fs.GetExtension(Path).Substring(1).ToLowerInvariant()
                : "";
            Url = _fs.GetUrl(Path);
            Exists = _fs.FileExists(Path);
            if (Exists == false)
            {
                LogHelper.Warn<UmbracoMediaFile>("The media file doesn't exist: " + Path);
            }
        }

        public bool Exists { get; private set; }

        public string Filename { get; private set; }

        public string Extension { get; private set; }

        public string Path { get; private set; }

        public string Url { get; private set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get the length of the file in bytes
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// We are lazy loading this, don't go opening the file on ctor like we were doing.
        /// </remarks>
        public long Length
        {
            get
            {
                if (_length == null)
                {
                    if (Exists)
                    {
                        _length = _fs.GetSize(Path);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _length = -1;
                    }
                }
                return _length.Value;
            }
        }

        public bool SupportsResizing
        {
            get
            {
                return UmbracoConfig.For.UmbracoSettings().Content.ImageFileTypes.InvariantContains(Extension);
            }
        }

        public string GetFriendlyName()
        {
            return Filename.SplitPascalCasing().ToFirstUpperInvariant();
        }

        public Size GetDimensions()
        {
            if (_size == null)
            {
                if (_fs.FileExists(Path))
                {
                    EnsureFileSupportsResizing();

                    using (var fs = _fs.OpenFile(Path))
                    using (var image = Image.FromStream(fs))
                    {

                        var fileWidth = image.Width;
                        var fileHeight = image.Height;
                        _size = new Size(fileWidth, fileHeight);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    _size = new Size(-1, -1);
                }
            }
            return _size.Value;
        }

        public string Resize(int width, int height)
        {
            if (Exists)
            {
                EnsureFileSupportsResizing();

                var fileNameThumb = DoResize(width, height, -1, string.Empty);

                return _fs.GetUrl(fileNameThumb);
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }

        public string Resize(int maxWidthHeight, string fileNameAddition)
        {
            if (Exists)
            {
                EnsureFileSupportsResizing();

                var fileNameThumb = DoResize(-1, -1, maxWidthHeight, fileNameAddition);

                return _fs.GetUrl(fileNameThumb);
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }

        private string DoResize(int width, int height, int maxWidthHeight, string fileNameAddition)
        {
            using (var fs = _fs.OpenFile(Path))
            {
                using (var image = Image.FromStream(fs))
                {
                    var fileNameThumb = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(fileNameAddition)
                        ? string.Format("{0}_UMBRACOSYSTHUMBNAIL.jpg", Path.Substring(0, Path.LastIndexOf(".", StringComparison.Ordinal)))
                        : string.Format("{0}_{1}.jpg", Path.Substring(0, Path.LastIndexOf(".", StringComparison.Ordinal)), fileNameAddition);

                    var thumbnail = maxWidthHeight == -1
                        ? ImageHelper.GenerateThumbnail(image, width, height, fileNameThumb, Extension, _fs)
                        : ImageHelper.GenerateThumbnail(image, maxWidthHeight, fileNameThumb, Extension, _fs);

                    return thumbnail.FileName;
                }
            }
        }

        private void EnsureFileSupportsResizing()
        {
            if (SupportsResizing == false)
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("The file {0} is not an image, so can't get dimensions", Filename));
        }

    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Empire Deluxe è un videogioco strategico a turni pubblicato nel 1993 per MS-DOS. È un rifacimento più avanzato di Empire, da parte di aziende differenti, ma uno dei due designer è lo stesso Mark Baldwin responsabile del precedente adattamento per PC Empire: Wargame of the Century. Nel 2001 GameSpy lo annoverava, in coppia con Empire, tra i 50 migliori giochi di tutti i tempi.

Modalità di gioco
Il funzionamento generale del gioco è lo stesso di Empire, con interfaccia aggiornata e diverse migliorie. Il numero massimo di giocatori è portato a 6, con varie opzioni di collegamento per il multigiocatore (Empire permetteva solo il gioco sullo stesso PC o in play by mail). Le mappe possono assumere dimensioni libere ed è incluso un editor di livelli.

Si possono selezionare tre varianti delle regole di gioco:
Standard corrisponde al classico Empire: Wargame of the Century
Basic è una versione semplificata, principalmente con l'eliminazione della nebbia di guerra, degli aerei e di alcune delle navi
Advanced aggiunge delle complicazioni tra cui nuove unità militari (carro armato, bombardiere, base aerea), diversi tipi di terreno nelle caselle di terra con effetti sul movimento e sulla difesa, vari fattori che influenzano l'efficienza di produzione delle città

Espansioni e seguiti
Uscirono poco dopo Empire Deluxe for Windows, versione per Windows 3.1, e il disco di scenari aggiuntivi Empire Deluxe Scenarios (1993). Il tutto venne ripubblicato in CD-ROM nella raccolta Empire Deluxe Masters Edition (1994).
Il gioco è stato seguito nel 1995 da Empire II: The Art of War.

Il marchio Empire Deluxe è stato acquisito nel 2002 dalla piccola azienda Killer Bee Software che ha poi pubblicato i rifacimenti per Windows Empire Deluxe Internet Edition e Empire Deluxe Enhanced Edition, oltre a Empire Deluxe Mobile Edition per Android.

Note

Bibliografia
Alan Emrich, Mark Carroll, Empire Deluxe: The Official Strategy Guide, Prima Pub., 1993

Collegamenti esterni

Empire Deluxe for Windows, Home of the Underdogs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I'm looking for a torrent site that's good for rare films. Don't even necessarily need a private one, even just some working public one's would be good.
Karagarga would be the one but unfortunately they have not allowed any new members for a couple of years now.
This is, happily, no longer the case.
In that case I haven't been given any more invites. No names but I've previously given out invites to 7 CaB members and they've all been disabled due to not keeping up ratios or visiting the site which probably means no more invites for me.
Interesting. I've only ever given out one invite in the past and it was also to a useless person.
Out of the 13 people I've invited to Karagarga over the years, two remain in extremely good standing. Both from CaB I think. 10 were disabled, mostly due to inactivity. Anyway, no new invites for me, despite several donations I've made.
Someone on here gave me TVCUK invite. It's been well used. Will be doing the VIP for a few weeks at some point soon so will have a few invites to give out.
I'd really appreciate an invite to a decent bd25/bd50 tracker like Karagarga, Cinematik or one of those Chinese ones if anyone has any spares.
I promise to be a good boy and keep a respectable share ratio.
TV Vault and Karagarga are the two I'd quite like to get in on.
I have invites for several different sites, and can show good ratios if needed.
Goddamn. I've been unable to torrent for a while, I was a member of apollo, it seeming to be the follow up to what cd but that seems to be gone now, replaced by Athena edit: Orpheus apparently now i think? Which is claiming to accept former apollo members, but when i put in my email nothing comes through.
If anyone happens to have an invite, or for anything better I'd be very grateful. I really miss the what.cd days..
EDIT: scratch that, my invite seems to have come through weirdly.. I'll be sure to pass on some invites if i get any. Is it the true successor to what or is waffles better?
Can anyone recommend a good Australian Torrent site?
Unfortunately myspleen aren't allowing users to give out invites right now, but if things change I'll post in the thread as I have a few left.
Does anyone know if a torrent site exists devoted to audiobooks? Or at least has a lot on them? I've gone through piratebay and that had some, but not that many which I hadn't already read if I was interested in them. I know someone mentioned one earlier on in this thread and said to pm him for info, but unfortunately they have logged in since 2017.
I haven't, but will look in to it, thanks for the tip.
Yes there's a new soulseek client which is much better than old, most have jumped to this now so definitely worth a try - get the QT version.
Soulseek is great these days, probably the best for music (especially if you're looking for rarities). I checked last night and there are indeed many audiobooks to be had.
Oh cool, that looks great, thanks for the suggestion there.
Yeah, I did a big search last night too and found lots of cool stuff there.
Audiobookbay is the one I use. I've downloaded countless gigs of stuff from there.
Anyone have an invite for redacted.ch?
Does anyone know what happened to Waffles? The old link doesn't work any more and I can't find any info online saying that it's moved to a new address. Alternatively, does anyone know any good private music torrent sites?
The link says they will be back soon.
Try out SoulSeek instead of a torrent site. You won't go back.
Blimey I remember Soulseek from the early 2000s, it's not the same Napster-style setup is it?!
I never used Napster, but I think they probably work similarly. Soulseek hooks you up with all other users online and you can download stuff direct from their collections (bearing in mind that you should be sharing something from a folder on your own system in reciprocation). There's even a cookdandbombd chatroom.


Look at that Summer Green Smoothie. Yum!
Summer is winding down for us here. For some strange reason, the Little Man's school starts August 6th.
Does this happen any place else? I always thought school started the day after Labor Day.
It feels like the summer went so fast because, well… it did for us.
But we got a lot of stuff crammed into our 2 months. The boys got a couple of trips with the g-rents for the day. My mom visited for a couple of weeks. Lots of traveling to our "local" theme/water parks.
Even got to do an end of summer bonfire with our friends.
The only bummer about this summer was my Littlest Man fell off a 4 foot wall to concrete steps below. Thank goodness he is all right. We spent 4 hours in the ER, and he got a CT scan. But his little brain and neck are just perfect. In fact, he had a slight headache the next day and that was it. his older brother was such a big help keeping him happy and laughing in the ER. Just love my boys.
So other than the last thing, it was a great summer, but I'm not giving it up just yet.
So, another smoothie recipe coming your way. This one combines my current favorite – Summer Smoothie and my old work horse – Green Smoothie to make a Summer Green Smoothie. Like how inventive I get with my titles?
I used spinach instead of kale because I wanted the flavors of that wonderful summer fruit to shine through. The peaches and strawberries are my favorite.
I don't know if you are lucky enough to have a local farmers' market. But we are. It's amazing. I wish I could show you some pictures, but since I always have both of the boys with me, I would be lucky if I could get a quick blur shot with my iTouch.
If you aren't lucky enough to have a local farmers' market, I hope you can grow your own or at least get a CSA box. Nothing beat fresh, local fruit.
Linking this to Gluten-Free Wednesdays (GFW), the weekly blog carnival that Linda of The Gluten-Free Homemaker co-hosts with Shirley from gfe-gluten-free easily and Lynn of Lynn's Kitchen Adventures.
I really love green smoothies like this one, Tia! I admit that I have not used Swiss chard in one before though. Need to try that next time. You might not have peaches and strawberries at your local farmers market soon, but they do continue year round, don't they? Ours end early. I loved it when I visited California in late fall and there were still farmers markets thriving!
Swiss chard is great because you can use a lot before you taste it over the fruit, like spinach. Unlike kale. I always have to limit it to 3 leaves for kale. I am just savoring the peaches and strawberries while I can. We get strawberries for almost 9 months, here. We are 10 miles south of the strawberry capitol, Watsonville. And when they go away, we can go get u-pick apples that are phenomenal. Apple jam is what I give for Christmas presents. I could go on and on.


text:
Covid resulted in poor sleep quality, bad eating habits and anxiety
PTI Last Updated: Oct 24, 2020, 06:20 PM IST
Most people with obesity gained weight during the lockdown.
People have also experienced the sharpest declines in mental health and the highest incidence of weight gain during lockdown.
Uncertainty at work, toxic relationships, social isolation lead to rise in depression & anxiety cases
The Covid effect: Half of the world's youth subject to depression and anxiety, shows ILO survey
Covid-19 lockdowns may worsen obesity epidemic, escalate emotional stress & economic anxiety
Exclusive Mental Health Webinar: Professionals must draw work-life boundaries in WFH mode; breathing exercise most-effective tool to deal with anxiety
WASHINGTON: The initial phase of the COVID-19 lockdown, which was imposed through March and April in several countries, may have dramatically altered people's personal eating and sleeping habits, according to a new study based on a first-of-its-kind global survey.
The study, published in the journal Obesity, evaluated the inadvertent changes in health behaviours that took place under the pandemic's widespread restrictions.
According to the survey, conducted by the researchers, including those from Louisiana State University (LSU) in the US, the lockdown's effects were magnified among people with obesity.
"The stay-at-home orders did result in one major health positive. Overall, healthy eating increased because we ate out less frequently. However, we snacked more. We got less exercise. We went to bed later and slept more poorly. Our anxiety levels doubled," said study co-author Leanne Redman from Louisiana State University.
"Overall, people with obesity improved their diets the most. But they also experienced the sharpest declines in mental health and the highest incidence of weight gain," Redman said.
The survey ran during the month of April and included responses from 7,754 people and the majority of the respondents were in the US with residents of Australia, Canada, the UK, and more than 50 other countries also participating.
It revealed that about one-third of surveyed people with obesity gained weight during the lockdown, compared to 20.5 percent of people with normal weight or overweight.
"This study is the first to survey thousands of people across the globe on lifestyle behaviour changes in response to stay-at-home orders. The study demonstrates that chronic diseases like obesity affect our health beyond the physical," said John Kirwan, another co-author of the study.
The scientists believe physicians and scientists should modify the way they manage patients with obesity in two ways.
One of these methods is by increasing the number of mental health screenings during and after the pandemic, said Emily Flanagan, lead author of the study from LSU.
Flanagan said physicians should also monitor patients by remaining connected to the study participants through remote visits and telehealth to prevent irreversible health effects from the pandemic.
The scientists believe virtual visits via telehealth checkups can assuage patients' concerns about the safety of in-person visits.
Make Notes, Eat Healthy & Exercise Daily: 7 Ways To Fight Depression
Combat Depression
Stress and frustration can lead to depression, further affecting mental health.
While it is imperative to consult with a medical professional if symptoms of depression are noticed, certain modification in one's lifestyle can help in combatting mild depression. However, moderate to severe depression requires the treatment with medications.
Nevertheless lifestyle changes do help in recovering as well as preventing the condition and future episodes.
Dr Pallavi Aravind Joshi, Consultant Psychiatrist of Columbia Asia Hospital Whitefield (Bengaluru) shares 7 tips to combat depression.
Work Out Regularly
Go for a walk every day, jog, or swim. You can also join a Zumba class. Indulge in yoga or aerobics. Apart from keeping you fit and occupied, exercising can also boost mental health and infuse positivity in life by releasing feel-good hormones like endorphins, dopamine and serotonin. Exercise also channels out negative energy.
Switch To A Healthy Diet Plan
Eating healthy not only helps you maintain your physical health, but also aids in your mental well-being. Include a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean meats, poultry, whole grains, low-fat dairy foods and fish in your diet. Also do not forget to drink a lot of water.
Do Not Stress Yourself Too Much
It is imperative to maintain a work-life balance. Try to reassess your schedule and not to bring the office work home. Design your own ways to combat work related anxiety.
Quit Those Addictions
Though the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and caffeine may act as instant mood enhancer, in long term, they serve only to worsen your mental health. So try to reduce your weekly consumption.
Sleep qualityanxietyeating habitshealth behavioursweight gainpandemicobesityLouisiana State UniversityLSUThe Scientists
Google celebrates 2023 Republic Day of India with a creative doodle


The Chinook Salmon, otherwise known as the 'king salmon', is one of the most prized fish in the sport that is angling. These Chinook Salmons are actually classified according to their 'race.' And their race is determined by the season in which they, as adults, enter into fresh water. The Spring Chinook, Summer Chinook, Fall Chinook, and the rarest, the Winter Chinook.
The Chinook Salmon is sometimes called 'blackmouth' because of the dark gray color of its lips. It has a bluish green hue on the top and the back of its head, its sides silver, and its belly white. Chinook Salmons have bodies that are covered in dark spots.
Chinook Salmons generally weigh about ten to fifty pounds. But the largest of them could reach up to 130 pounds. The largest Chinook salmon ever caught was a mammoth of a fish, weighing 126 pounds in all. It was caught in Petersburg Alaska in the year 1949. Of course, that was the one that was recorded so we can't say for sure that there are no bigger ones out there.
Chinook Salmons are found in several parts of the world. They exist in the San Francisco Bay and the Ventura River in California and also in the waters of Canada and Alaska, especially in Point Hope, The Yukon, and the Nushagak Rivers. Some of them can also be found in Kamchatka and Kuril Islands, located in Russia. A few of them can also be found in Japan.
But, if you really want to have a greater chance of catching these Chinook salmon, you should go to the Columbia River, the Puget Sound, and the Rogue River.
First of all, you should check the weather. While warm and sunny weathers are perfect for a day of relaxation, they're not exactly perfect for Chinook salmon fishing. In fact, if you want to catch the really big fish, you've got to be prepared to brave some winds.
Also, you have to carry a thermometer with you at all times. Chinook salmons prefer cold water to warm water, except when they're spawning, of course. So, check to see if the water's temperature is below 45 degrees, if it is, then you're good to go. Also, if the water is murky, the fish are more likely to surface.
Also, exercise your inner ninja and practice your stealth. Stealth skills are incredibly important if you want to catch the salmons. So, even if it's incredibly boring to be completely quiet, try to be so.
Chinook salmons are biggest when they're oldest. They have a lifespan of four and a half years. They are, therefore, biggest during the month of July to the month of September.
And, of course, use a strong line and a big bait, and you're well on your way to catching that prize fish that's worthy of that bare wall in your study.


I love seeing the joy in parent's eyes as they look at their little baby. Sweet Jack is nothing but loved by his amazing parents and it was a true joy capturing his newborn pictures. We got creative with the pictures to keep this little guy happy but his favorite spot was truly in his mama's arms. Blessings O'Meara family and thank you for the privilege!
'You are my sunshine. My only sunshine. You make me happy when skies are grey....' The words from the song pinned this shoot right on the head. Grey skies filled San Luis as we started Kevin and Maggie's maternity session but the sunshine popped through at the end to give UNBELIEVABLE lighting! I kept telling Maggie she should be a maternity model because she was stunning at 32 weeks...she made it look easy. It was a wonderful session and I am anxious to meet their little guy in a few months!
I am so thankful for all the rain we had in December because it has made all the fields in Paso colorful! Originally Alex and Megan had their engagement session scheduled for December but rain pushed us back until now and it was perfect! We all joked how thankful we were because we could not have had such an incredible setting if we shot the pictures last month. Nonetheless, I am a firm believer that the couple makes the pictures and this is definitely the case with these. Alex and Megan are just simply photogenic. They may be a bit shy at the thought of a camera but they quickly warmed up and became naturals. We ventured around the field, up hills, in trees and more all to get amazing shots. Hope you enjoy as much as I do...and did shooting them!


text:
Q: Switching relay with a PNP and TTL levels I can not wrap my head around the fact how I can drive a relay (24V, 160ohm) with an tip32a PNP transistor which has TTL inputs from a controller.
I can easily calculate my resistors when I use the NPN variant (tip31a), but I cannot conceive how to switch the transistor off with just TTL.
The relay will be powered from 29.4V and has a resistor in series to give the appropriate 24V for the relay. And of course there is a diode over the relay.
Any tips will be greatly appreciated, but please note that I at the moment can not use any transistor but the tip32a.

A: If you have an open-collector or open-drain type logic output, you can drive a PNP with it, as long as the device is rated to take your supply voltage. In this configuration, use a pull-up resistor from the supply to the base of the PNP to ensure that the PNP defaults to the OFF state. Now tie the base of the PNP to the open-collector logic output through a second resistor, the value of which should pull just enough current from the base of the PNP to drive it to saturation.
The values aren't too hard to work out. The pull-up usually wants to be something large-ish, like 50K or 100K. The logic resistor will see the supply voltage, less the saturation E-B drop of the PNP, less the Vce sat of the logic output. Basically, the supply voltage minus about a volt. From there, knowing the necessary base current to the PNP will let you work out the exact value. (Be sure that to saturate, the necessary PNP base current isn't actually greater than the current-sink capacity of the logic pin!)
If you do not have an OC/OD output, you can buffer a regular output signal with a small NPN transistor, like a 2n2222 or 2n3904 etc. A typical TTL output, driving the base of a small NPN through about 1K to 2.2K will give you the sort of open collector (the collector of the NPN) that I've assumed above.

A: You can't switch the PNP on and off with TTL levels. Since the emitter will be tied to
29V the base needs to be at 29V to turn it off. You need to do a level shift using
a second transistor which is either an NPN or an N-channel MOSFET.
Using an NPN transistor the current limiting resistor will then be determined by
\$R = \dfrac{(29.4 - V_{be1} - V_{ce2})}{I_{b1}}\$
where \$V_{be1}\$ and \$I_{b1}\$ are for the PNP transistor and \$V_{ce2}\$ is for the NPN transistor.

A: Why don't you use an NPN as TIP31/TIP122 transistors? It will be very simple.
If you can't use NPN, use the TIP32 on common emitter, and on the base, put an small-signal NPN, as a 2n2222 on common emitter with a resistor (R1) on the 29V (VCC), put these block together with a resistor (R2), then calculate R2 to the same way you do the calculation on NPN (Saturation condition).
Then go to Rbase of the NPN, make sure it will be on the saturation condition, to the I2 current flowing into it.
The R1 value it's not so important as the above, so use it to achieve a faster switching condition, as the load is slower, put a value that the power is about 1/5 of the max. IC(NPN), it will work good with this case.
If you have any doubts, make an spice simulation to see if it works or not, if the transistors are on saturation and these things...
Good work for you!

A: 29.4V is only 2% from 30V, and most power supplies have tolerances up to 5%, so that 29.4V might as well be 30.9V.
JustJeff's solution is based on a TTL output with open collector, which sounds like a good idea to cope with the high voltage. If you read the datasheet, however, it shows the 30V output as Absolute Maximum Ratings (AMR). AMR is for exceptional conditions, you're not supposed to operate continuously at those values. So you can't use an open collector output directly.
The alternative is a common push-pull output driving an NPN transistor, which in turn drives the TIP32A. Despite being a Darlington the TIP32A has an extraordinarily low \$H_{FE}\$: 50 at 1A.

So, supposing you need 1A the base current has to be at least 20mA. That's the NPN's collector current. A BC847C has an \$H_{FE}\$ of 400 minimum, so that will need 50\$\mu\$A base current. That's OK, TTL can source far less than it can sink, but the 50\$\mu\$A is less than the 400\$\mu\$A it can deliver.
Let's pick a base resistor of 22k\$\Omega\$, that will give a base current of 195\$\mu\$A. A 1000\$\Omega\$ resistor between the NPN's collector and the TIP32A's base will allow about 28mA, enough to get the 1A, and a current the NPN also can deliver with the given base current.
In this setup you usually add a pullup resistor between the TIP32A's base and emitter, so that the NPN's leakage current won't switch it on. But the TIP32A has resistors built-in, and the NPN's low leakage current of <5\$\mu\$A will only drop 40mV, far too little to switch it on.

If you want 3A from the TIP32A it needs at least 100mA base current and you'll need a Darlington for the NPN as well, like the BCV47.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


KARACHI: Seven-year-old Saifur Rehman did not have anyone in his neighbourhood interested in a cleanliness drive. He then decided to create a 'Green Army' by reaching out to his friends in the area. The children started cleaning the area on weekends and displayed handmade charts informing residents about the benefits of a clean and healthy environment. The children also took upon themselves the task to eradicate smoking in the neighbourhood. They put up more charts which listed the hazards of smoking.
"There was an uncle in our area, who was a chain smoker. He saw those charts and quit smoking," said Saif who views his efforts as heroic.
Saif was sharing his heroic experience at a two-day art competition hosted by AzCorp Entertainment at Karachi School of Business and Leadership (KSBL) on Thursday. It was a one-of-a-kind art competition, titled 'Mein Hero', where students were invited to draw themselves as a hero solving local problems. The objective of the competition was to facilitate underprivileged students to use art as a medium of expression, help them create art and think about bringing social change by viewing themselves as heroes. Attended by around 93 students from 15 schools in Karachi, the event was supported by Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC).
For Asifa, another student, anyone can be a hero. "There's a sweeper in our apartment who cleans our mess," she said while sharing her thoughts on the idea of a hero. The residents of the apartment talk negatively about him, "But I confront them as the sweeper is my hero," said Asifa.
A student of class six, Sughra's hero is her brother who was once caught in a road accident while trying to save a stray dog. Eleven-year-old Ayesha was eight when she got lost while playing outside her house. "I started crying and kept walking until an old man with a white beard held my hand tightly. He gave me water to drink and consoled me," she recalled. "I kept saying to that uncle that my home is lost," she said laughing, and added that the uncle managed to get her home safe. "I just can never forget his face," she said. She considers that uncle as her hero.
While students shared their impressions of heroes, the students from grade five to eight also participated in the competition and there were three winners from each grade. On Wednesday they immersed themselves in the process of drawing and creating their heroes and on Thursday their art work was put on display for everyone to see. The judges deliberated the winners after examining all of the amazing art work on display. The students' art work was judged by art veterans including Naheed Yahya, Sana Amjad and Salma Saleem.
Published in The Express Tribune, November 9th, 2018.


You have probably heard by now of the six upstart designers stationed on the 11th floor at Macy's State Street store. Handpicked to enroll in the Chicago Fashion Incubator—a yearlong crash course of workshops and seminars on everything from clothing production to business licensing—they have spent the past seven months learning how to kick-start their careers in the city's fashion community. "I think each of them has already found their customer here," says Kimberly Prodan, the executive director of the Incubator. "It's just creating a bigger presence now." Allow us to introduce you to these budding talents; then check them out at Fashion Focus week, October 1st through the 8th.


text:
Nuclear...
Nuclear terrorismCommentary: The myth of nuclear deterrence in south AsiaCommentary: The psychology of terrorists
Education And Debate
Ira Helfand, chief, emergency medicine sectiona (ihelfand@igc.org),
Lachlan Forrow, associate professor of medicineb,
Jaya Tiwari, research directorc
a Cooley Dickinson Hospital, 30 Locust Street, Northampton, MA 01061-5001, USA
b Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
c Center for Global Security and Health, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Washington, DC 20009, USA
a Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
b Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
H F Guggenheim Foundation, 527 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022-4304, USA
Correspondence to: Ira Helfand
Three members of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War and Physicians for Social Responsibility discuss the threat of nuclear terrorism and conclude that the only effective way to tackle it is to abolish nuclear weapons
The attack on the World Trade Center in New York clearly showed that there are terrorists who are willing to inflict civilian casualties on the scale that would be expected with the use of a weapon of mass destruction. In this article we consider the form that nuclear terrorism could take and estimate the casualties that would occur if a nuclear bomb the size of that dropped on Hiroshima was detonated in a large urban area. The enormous casualties to be expected from such an attack argue strongly for a strategy of primary prevention.
Summary points
In the aftermath of 11 September 2001 nuclear terrorism has emerged as a real threat
Nuclear terrorism could take several forms, from an attack on nuclear power plants and reactors to the detonation of a nuclear bomb in an urban area
The international community urgently needs to expand its efforts to secure existing stockpiles of nuclear weapons and materials, particularly in Russia, Pakistan, and India
The elimination of nuclear weapons should be high on the global public health agenda
Nuclear power plants and "dirty bombs"
Nuclear terrorism might take several forms. An attack on a nuclear power plant or other nuclear installation could result in a massive release of radioactive material. Despite initial statements by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission that commercial power plants could withstand an aircraft crashing into them, it seems likely these plants are highly vulnerable. As early as 1982 a study by the Argonne National Laboratory of the US Department of Energy found that, if a jet aircraft crashed into a nuclear reactor and only 1% of its fuel ignited after …
Correspondence to: Z A Bhutta
If you have a subscription to The BMJ, log in:
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Ira Helfand, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Karen Colvard, Lachlan Forrow, Jaya Tiwari, Samiran Nundy et al
Helfand Ira, Bhutta Zulfiqar A, Colvard Karen, Forrow Lachlan, Tiwari Jaya, Nundy Samiran et al. Nuclear terrorismCommentary: The myth of nuclear deterrence in south AsiaCommentary: The psychology of terrorists BMJ 2002; 324 :356
Articles by Ira Helfand
Articles by Zulfiqar A Bhutta
Articles by Karen Colvard
Articles by Lachlan Forrow
Articles by Jaya Tiwari
Articles by Samiran Nundy
You are going to email the following Nuclear terrorismCommentary: The myth of nuclear deterrence in south AsiaCommentary: The psychology of terrorists


text:
International Distribution Plan
Photos from the Production
Alan Turing's Story
Photos of Turing & His World
More About Turing
DVD & Digital
College & University Screenings
Corporate & Law Firm Screenings
Quotes of Note
News Stories About the Film
Online Petition Seeks Pardon for Turing
Thousands of people in the United Kingdom have signed a petition asking the government to offer a posthumous pardon for Turing's 1952 conviction on charges of gross indecency. Almost 18,000 people have signed the e-petition. If 100,000 people sign the petition, the issue becomes eligible for discussion in the House of Commons.
Professor Barry Cooper, Chair of the Turing Centenary Committee, tells The Guardian he supports the effort. "A pardon from the Government in the centenary year of Turing's birth would be warmly welcomed by his family, friends, colleagues and those in the scientific community who have benefited from the foundations he laid."
Not everyone supports the effort for this pardon. John Graham-Cumming organized the successful 2009 petition to seek an apology for Turing from the Government. "A pardon for simply Turing would be unjust to other gay men who suffered under the law," says Graham-Cumming. "There are men alive today living in Britain with a criminal record because of offences committed during the time the law was in force."
Actor Stephen Fry said, "Turing needs no pardon. He did no wrong other than break a wicked law." Read more.
This entry was posted on Tuesday, December 13th, 2011 at 11:38 am	and is filed under Turing Film and tagged with Alan Turing, Britain's Greatest Codebreaker, Turing documentary, Turing film. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
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