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Gangesa on Upamana in Indian Epistemology (Faultless to a Fault)
Item Code: NAK707
Author: Uma Chattopadhyay
Publisher: D. K. Printworld Pvt. Ltd.
Other Details 8.5 inch X 5.5 inch
The present volume is a sequel to the author's previous work entitled Dishonoured by Philosophers: Upamana in Indian Epistemology (2009) where she introduced the notion of upamana, its definition, process and also its status in Indian epistemology in general and the Nyaya school in particular. The book ended with an exposition of Udayanacarya, an eleventh-century Nyaya philosopher. But the debate did not end there. Many Indian philosophers took the hard task of reducing upamana to other pramanas, and there were other objections as well.
The sequel volume is a logical and historical extension of the arguments made in defence of upamana in the previous work. An interesting feature of the continuing debate is that a large number of Indian philosophers including the Bauddhas, Jainas, Samkhyas, Vaisesikas, Mimarnsakas, Carvakas and even individual Naiyayikas such as Bhasarvajna were still doubtful of the status of upamana. Over and above all, there was the question of logical economy in a scheme of pramanas. The present work for the first time provides an intensive study of how the Indian philosopher Gangesa Upadhyaya took up the challenge in the twelfth century to give upamana a definite, irreducible place in the scheme of pramanas. Based on Gangesa's monumental work Upamanacintamani along with Pragalbhacarya's celebrated commentary on it, the author reopens the question of upamana in a dialogical method and tries to measure the perfection of Gangesa's arguments. She upholds Gangesa's standpoint as the height of perfection, the most vigorous defence of upamana in a series of defences and objections in a long course, and titles this task of Gangesa Faultless to a Fault in her book.
Uma Chattopadhyay has been teaching philosophy at the graduate and post-graduate levels for over thirty years. Educated at Jadavpur University, she earlier taught at many colleges including Bethune College and Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata. She joined at the Department of Philosophy, University of Calcutta in 2005, where she is currently Professor of Philosophy. She participated in many national and international seminars in various parts of India, and extensively published in academic journals and anthologies. She was a Fellow in Maison des Sciences de 1'Homme, Paris and delivered lectures at Uppsala University, Sweden. She has a wide range of research interests: Indian epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of language, philosophy of religion and ethics. Her other published monograph is Dishonoured by Philosophers: Upamana in Indian Epistemology (2009).
IT is by the ahaituki krpa of my mother Ananandamayee that I could complete the book, Faultless to a Fault: Gangesa on Upamana in Indian Epistemology. I had to cross many hurdles including the sudden demise of my elder and only sister Gouri Mukherjee very recently on 17 May 2014. I cannot think about my family, past and present, without my dearest did/. There was a great vacuum in my life. With a heavy heart, I had to come back to the work of finishing this book. I had been deeply involved in the study and understanding of Indian philosophy from the early stages of my academic career and had a rare opportunity to study many branches of it including the Nyaya system from stalwarts like Prof. Pradyot Kumar Mukhopadhyay, Prof. Kali Krishna Banerjee, Prof. Srilekha Dutta, Prof. Krishna Roy, Pandit Pancanan Sastri, Pandit Narmada Tarkatirtha, Prof. Tapan Kumar Chakraborty, Prof. Sukhoranjan Saha and many other eminent teachers of the philosophy world. How much knowledge I acquired from them I do not know; at least what I gained from them is to love Indian philosophy and culture of this nation. And my commitment to this tradition came from them, I believe.
The ability of Indian philosophers to understand the depth of a problem and their potential to resolve the same are amazing to me. What I learned from my teachers was to address a problem applying both Indian and Western philosophies. It is a rare kind of inspiration that I got from the academia of Jadavpur University's philosophy department. I have to acknowledge the contribution from an illustrious teacher Prof. Pranab Kumar Sen. He always inspired us by saying "You have to play in the field, going beyond merely watching and making comments on others". This was really a valuable advice for me. Guided by such stimulated advices and due to my deep love for studies in the Nyaya tradition, I started the work on Gangesa's Upamanacintamani, a part of his monumental work Tatitacintamani, though knowing fully that I was not competent enough to understand thoroughly a Navya-Nyaya philosopher like Gangesa Upadhyaya. Then why and how did I come to understand Gangesa?
In my undergraduate course, I was surprised to notice a problem regarding upamana pramana (knowledge by comparison) besides many other problems of Indian and Western philosophies. While studying Udayanacaryas Nyayakusumanjalih in my post-graduate course, I was surprised to see that both the Nyaya and Mimamsa systems are accepting this source of knowledge but totally in two different senses. After completing my Master's, I got the rare opportunity of doing Ph.D. under the guidance of Prof. Pradyot Kumar Mukhopadhyay. I changed my initial research topic on Indian scepticism (aprama) and took finally upamana as topic for my research. I immediately realized that under his able guidance I will be able to swim (at least to some extent) in the ocean of philosophy. It took a long time, but I could complete my research in the mid-1990s. The subject was vast as I considered all the schools of Indian tradition in the context of upamana. I developed the first part of my work and later made it a publication Dishonoured by Philosophers: Upamana in Indian Epistemology where I have discussed the debates between Nyaya-Bauddha, Nyaya-Vaisesika and also Nyaya-Mimamsa etc.
Historically I have made a story on upamana from Gautama to Udayanacarya (the story from the fifth to the eleventh century CE) regarding the issue of upamana. Of course, the development is mainly logical, but to some extent historical. I ended the research dissertation with the view of Gangesa on upamana. It is really a brilliant feature that most of the philosophers including some Nyaya-Vaisesikas have either shown indifference or raised objections and showed that Nyaya position is faulty but all the three stalwart philosophers of the Nyaya tradition ranging from the fifth to the twelfth century - Gautama, Udayanacarya and Gangesa - are given much importance to the problem of upamana. Final faultless position is shown by Gangesa. Gautama and Udayanacarya are comparatively lighter than Gangesa. I had to complete the story of upamana (with the help of my teacher and with my very limited capacity) by Gangesa.
In my previous book I could not include Gangesa's view on upamana but I thought that if possible I might prepare another dissertation on upamana where Gangesa would be focused. The text Upamanaciniamani is very hard and full of Navya- Nyaya technicalities; so I have tried to present Gangesa not by literal translation but only the idea of Gangesa in today's language. This is to complete a story and to show how much the philosophers of Indian soil are committed to their own tradition, which is full of rationality. So presentation of Gangesa is not only the outcome of my emotions but is academically argued. This is actually a continuation of the first book. I have only tried to make a gateway to the future researchers on Indian philosophy. I have presented Gangesa in two chapters. But before that and before giving Gangesa's final answer, one external objection is raised in the first chapter, i.e. insertion of upamana makes the scheme of pramanas anomalous. It would have been better if Gautama or Gangesa could delete upamana from their scheme of pramanas. I have given an alternative answer and finally a positive answer in favour of the Nyaya position.
I am happy that I could complete this book after five years of publishing of my first book. I am late as I was heavily engaged in my departmental activities. As an acting coordinator I had to take responsibilities of many publications and UGC-5AP- DR5 programmes, and my personal academic programme of publication was postponed. My desire was immense but possibility of giving shape to it was disturbed. I had to accept the delay.
The fact that I could complete the present work was made possible by the direct and indirect contributions of many. The foremost among them is my husband Arun Bandyopadhyay, who currently holds Nurul Hasan Chair Professor of History at the University of Calcutta. He first suggested the idea of completing this book on Gangesa as a search for perfection in our arguments for upamana - faultless to a fault. But his constant pestering for finishing the book was creating a kind of nervousness in me. It is only because of him that I could prepare this book. He is always positive for my academic pursuits. I always believe if research is one step, publishing it is another step. I was reluctant to take the second step; it is only for Arun that I have crossed the second step and the idea of Gangesa in the present form could see the light of the day.
This time I am deeply indebted to my very dear daughter- in-law Amrita (Manorama) and my son Manasij (Bapan). Their peaceful, enjoyable and creative life is a real inspiration for me. I can do many positive things when they are happy. My daughter-in-law even went further and used to ask me the question whether her telephone call from England was creating disturbance to my studies. A computer engineer by profession, she has always appeared beautiful and nice to me. Her finer senses are really attractive and much inspiring. May God bless them for their health and good soul. Her father Shri Gautam Bhattacharya (Bhaiti), mother Smt. Bhaswati Bhattacharya (Deepsikha) and younger sister Arpita (Mimburi) are my constant inspiration in academic journey. I am really grateful to them. I am immensely indebted to them in many ways. May God bless us for this beautiful bonding.
The five other young stars - Bishnupriya (a very good classical vocalist), Nandini, Anindita, Somapriya and Ayanika - have always worked as sources of inspiration. And they are full of qualities and stand always by my side in different ways. They know how much valuable is their inspiration for me and in which way they can all help me. I am also happy with the kids of my family. They are my inspiration. They are Baby Queen, Ganubhai, Gunudidi, Gopal and Gadadhar. My two sister-in-laws, Didibhai (Amita Chakraborty) and Baby (Anindita Chatterjee), are always with me. I could make myself more creative by their sweet presence in my life. My another extended sister Mitra, despite our infrequent meetings in recent times, silently make a positive presence in my life. I do always cherish her company.
By the help and support from the domestic ladies - Roma, Anita and Seema - I could take much time from the regular household works.
My indebtedness to Mrs Tapati Mitra is immense. Her meticulous typing with the diacritical mark is really praiseworthy. I pray blessings of my mother for her and for her beautiful family.
I cannot thank my teacher, Prof. Pradyot Kumar Mukhopadhyay; so I take this opportunity to convey my pranama to him. I beg his blessings which will help me in every way.
I am immensely grateful to our Hon'ble Vice-Chancellor Prof. Suranjan Das. His academic inspiration is unforgettable. I feel proud when I see a dynamic personality like Prof. Das is leading the University of Calcutta for its academic excellence.
Some of the portions of the present work I presented in refresher courses, orientation programmes, and seminars in different universities and colleges and the feedback that I received is really unforgettable. That made me to think and re-think on different issues particularly on the issue of similarity, place of upamana in the scheme and also regarding the independent status of upamana in the scheme of pramana. My thanks to all such participants of refresher courses and orientation programmes. We not only teach in the courses, we learn immensely from them. So I am obliged to the participants, to the directors of academic staff colleges, and the coordinators of such programmes and the organizers of different seminars.
I am very happy with the production of my previous book by Shri Susheel Mittal of D.K. Printworld (Delhi). So this time also I wanted him to take up the responsibility. D.K. Printworld's ethics and production method are really amazing. Distance is not at all a factor for a good job. This is proved by the dedication of Shri Susheel Mittal and his company D.K. Printworld. I am happy and deeply obliged to him.
I cannot convey my thanks to my Ph.D. scholars, but I can convey my blessings for their academic support which they have given in their own way. I need to mention specially the name of Mr Siddique Alam Beg, my Ph.D. scholar. He was all the time ready to bring books from different corners. May God bless him for his academic enthusiasm.
My close neighbours Krishna and Kanchan are always with me and have very much inspired me for my academic and professional activities. I am grateful to them for their positive role.
There are many colleagues in my department and in the other departments with whom I made my academic communications that enriched myself. Of them, special mention can be made of Dr Sharmistha Bakshi, Dr Krishna Chatterjee, Prof. Subirranjan Bhattacharya, Prof. Manidipa Sanyal, Prof. Nini Chanda, Prof. Aparna Banerjee, Prof. Priyambada Sarkar, Prof. Dilip Kumar Mohanta, Dr Shilpita Mitra, Dr Shyamasree Bhattacharya, Dr Mahjabeen Jahan, Dr Pralayankar Bhattacharyya and Smt. Sunanda Das and many others. I must also mention the names of Prof. Indrani Sanyal of the Department of Philosophy, Jadavpur University, and Prof. Amarnath Bhattacharya, retired professor of philosophy, Burdwan University who have always enlightened me by their brilliant observations, communications and conversations. I always enjoy teaching, so the past and the present students influence me in my thought process. I convey my blessings to them all.
Preface vii
1 Setting the Theme: Upamana's Journey from Many Faults to the Faultless 1
2 First Eternal Objection: Anomalous Nyaya Scheme of Pramanas 10
3 Second External Objection: No Use of Similarity Outside Philosophy 24
4 The Internal Defence: The Mimamsa View and Its Limitations 38
5 The Defence Made More Perfect: Gangesa's Lasting Contribution on Upamana 68
6 Faultless to a Fault?: An Epilogue to a Realist View 94
Bibliography 105
प्रमाणवार्तिकम्: Pramana Vartik of Dharmakirti (Set of 3 Volumes) (An Old and Rare Book)
By स्वामी योगीन्द्रानन्द (Swami Yogindrananda)
प्रमाणपद्धति: Pramana Paddhati
By प्रो. के. टी. पाण्डुरंगी (Prof. K.T.Pandurangi)
प्रमाण मञ्जरी: Pramana Manjari
By श्री सर्वदेव (Shri Sarvadev)
Pramana-Mimamsa of Hemacandra (An Old and Rare Book)
By Satkari Mookerjee
आधुनिकप्रतीच्यप्रमाणमीमांसा: Modern Views on Pramana
By अरिन्दम चक्रवर्ती (Arindam Chakravarti)
Pramana (Dharmakirti and The Indian Philosophical Debate)
By Lama Doboom Tulku and Maya Joshi
उपमान प्रमाण (तुलनात्मक अध्ययन) - Upamana Pramana (A Comparative Study)
By लक्ष्मी शर्मा (Lakshmi Sharma)
Definition of Pramana: (Pramanaparayana in the Prakaranapancika)
By Executive Editor Prof. Manabendu Banerjee Nandita Bandyopadhyay
Jaiminiya Nyayamala (First Chapter on Pramana)
By Dr. Prabhakar Prasad
Gangesa On The Upadhi, The 'Inferential Undercutting Condition'
By Stephen H. Phillips & Ramanuja Tatacharya
Indian Philosophy (3 Vols. Set)
By Jadunath Sinha
Samkhya-Yoga Epistemology
By Mukta Biswas
Manikana (A Navya-Nyaya Manual)
By Dr. E.R. Sreekrishna Sarma Forward by H.H. Ramavarma
Nyaya Theory of Knowledge
By S.C. Chatterjee
Vedantaparibhasa
By Dharmaraja Adhvarin, Edited by: S. S. Suryanarayana Sastri, Foreword by: Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Sikh (37)
Comparative (65)
Dictionary (17)
Hindu (1671)
Mimamsa (53)
Nyaya (124)
Philosophers (2392)
Samkhya (66)


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I was fortunate enough to be hired as a Senior Designer when the e-commerce firm Acquity Group was just starting out. The firm was mainly developers at this point and was looking to build out a creative group. I worked with a small group of Visual Designers early on to update the company's brand. Shanon Marks created the logo and I was tasked with coming up with how the brand could work systematically on a number of different materials. This is a small showcase of some of those materials I brought to life. The brand work really elevated the company with a high-end feel. Later, Acquity Group would be bought by Accenture and become Fjord Chicago.


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Matia Bazar
Born from the ashes of the prog band Jet, whose sole album was 1972's Fede Speranza Carità, Matia Bazar formed in Genoa in 1975, with a line-up comprising Piero Cassano (keyboards), Aldo Stellita (bass), Carlo "Bimbo" Marrale (guitar), Giancarlo Golzi (drums) and singer Antonella Ruggiero. The very first releases — e.g. the singles "Stasera Che Sera", "Cavallo Bianco", "Per un'Ora d'Amore", "Solo Tu" and "Mister Mandarino" and the albums Matia Bazar (1976), Gran Bazar (1977) and the anthology L'Oro dei Matia Bazar — showcased the band's ability to build well-crafted and lush pop songs, made unique by the huge extension and versatility of Ruggiero's voice. In 1978 the song "… E Dirsi Ciao" (from Semplicità finished first at that year's edition of the Sanremo Music Festival. The live album Tournée and Il Tempo del Sole followed respectively in 1979 and 1980.
With 1981's Berlino Parigi Londra Matia Bazar introduced strong electronic elements in its sound. Immediately after its release, Cassano quit the band to pursue a new career as a producer (he would later work with Eros Ramazzotti), replaced by Mauro Sabbione. 1983's Tango included one of Matia Bazar's most successful singles, "Vacanze Romane", and was followed one year later by Aristocratica, in which debuted new keyboardist Sergio Cossu. In 1985 the band reached the top notches of the Italian charts for the last time with "Ti Sento" (a.k.a. "I Feel You", in its English translation), taken from the album Melanchòlia, the first recorded after the band quit ways with producer Roberto Colombo. After 1987's Melò and 1989's Red Corner Antonella Ruggiero quit the band in order to start a solo career, and was replaced by Laura Valente, whose voice can be heard on Anime Pigre (1991), Dove le Canzoni Si Avverano (1993, including the single "Dedicato a Te") and, Radio Matia (1995, a collection of new versions of older songs) and Benvenuti a Sausalito (1997). In the meantime, Marrale too had quit the band. In 1998 founding member Aldo Stellita died of cancer.
A new line-up of Matia Bazar including Golzi, the returning Cassano, Fabio Perversi on keyboards and singer Silvia Mezzanotte debuted in 2000 with Brivido Caldo. 2001's Dolce Canto and 2002's Messaggi dal Vivo followed — the latter, a live album, included the song "Messaggi d'Amore", with which Matia Bazar won 2002's Sanremo Music Festival. Then, with new singer Roberta Faccani, the band released Profili Svelati (2005) and One1 Two2 Three3 Four4 (2007), a collection of hits from other Italian bands from the 60s on.

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Gippsland Grammar is an Australian Independent Boarding School located in Sale, Victoria Sale is a medium sized city in the centre of Gippsland some 200km east of Melbourne and has ready access to beaches, snowfields, walking tracks and the Gippsland lakes, all part of the diverse geography of the region. The School is located on two sites, St Anne?s campus, which houses the Junior School, and Garnsey Campus, which houses the Senior School.
St. Anne?s Church of England Girls? School was founded in 1924. Gippsland Grammar School for Boys commenced in 1961. The two schools amalgamated as St Anne?s and Gippsland Grammar School in 1971 and became known as Gippsland Grammar in 1997. Today, Gippsland Grammar caters for students from three years of age through to Year 12, with boarding facilities for secondary students. The former St Anne?s site has been developed as the Junior School, known as St. Anne?s Campus.
Gippsland Grammar is a community: a social fabric, where students, parents, teachers and administration are interwoven to create a rich exciting and balanced learning environment for your child. We are a supportive learning community which weaves a wide ranging curriculum, the use of moderm technology, an extensive sports and activities program, chracter training and leardership through an exciting outdoor education program in a school committed to Christian principles and practice.
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Nathalie Hobbs
Banking Partner, Asia Managing Partner, Hong Kong SAR
"I have extensive experience in banking transactions across the credit spectrum. I am pragmatic, commercially focused and take satisfaction in assisting clients to complete their strategically important, complex deals."
Nathalie advises lenders (international and regional banks) and borrowers (corporates and funds) on acquisition financing, structured lending, leveraged finance and real estate finance and lenders on share-backed and receivables financings in the Asia region.
In addition, Nathalie has led both China inbound and outbound acquisition financing transactions and, with others in the Hong Kong and China team, closely follows the changing regulations in the PRC to assist clients in structuring transactions in light of evolving regulations.
Nathalie is the firm's regional managing partner for Asia. She has previously held a variety of management and governance positions within the firm, including two years on the Partnership Board, as head of the firm's Asia banking & projects practice, as head of knowledge & learning for Asia and as managing partner of the Paris office.
Before moving to Hong Kong, Nathalie was a partner in the firm's Paris office for 11 years, working principally on leveraged finance deals for private equity sponsors and banks. She was also one of the lead partners in a number of restructurings, including the first ever use of the safeguard procedure in the context of a debt restructuring.
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the arrangers on the acquisition by Barings Private Equity of Interplex, a Singapore-listed company
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the arranger on the financing of the acquisition of a Pacific island resort
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Citibank as arranger of the refinancing of a portfolio of UK properties for the Malaysian pension fund, EPF
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the arrangers on the refinancing of the CP All acquisition of Siam Makro in Thailand
Nathalie studied law at Wadham College, Oxford University.
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While moving away from a repeal, Brandes proposed changes that would allow new cameras at intersections but only if their use is justified through traffic engineering studies — a requirement that is included in a House bill. Also, money generated from red-light camera tickets would have to be used for traffic safety improvements, and jurisdictions wouldn't be able to use the cameras if they fail to provide annual camera-enforcement reports to the state.
Sen. Jeff Clemens, a Lake Worth Democrat who made a motion Wednesday for postponement, said the delay will give committee members "time to step back and take a better look at" the proposed changes.
Brandes, R-St. Petersburg, views the cameras as simply a revenue generator for local communities. But he acknowledged that there isn't an enough support in the Senate to repeal the cameras. That was evident Wednesday when he couldn't get his own committee to approve three amendments to his rewritten bill.
"Clearly if I don't have the votes to adopt simple amendments that are common sense, such as standardizing turns throughout the state of Florida, clearly you would see that the broader issue was not long for this world," Brandes said.
Two of the amendments failed on 4-4 partly line votes, with Republican Senators Greg Evers of Baker and Miguel Diaz de la Portilla of Miami absent.
One of those amendments, opposed by the Florida Police Chiefs Association and Florida Sheriffs Association, would have allowed motorists to employ a "rolling stop" at speeds up to 15 mph when taking a right-on-red turns if no pedestrians were in the crosswalk at camera-monitored intersections.
The committee also rejected, by a 5-3 vote, an amendment that would have required only warnings to be issued to owners of vehicles caught on camera going through traffic signals 0.5 seconds after the colors changed from yellow to red.
Brandes said he might reintroduce the amendments when the bill returns next week.
Groups such as the Florida League of Cities have opposed Brandes' bill and similar attempts in the House to dramatically change red-light camera programs. Those groups contend the cameras are a public safety tool. Across Florida, at least 77 county and city governments operate red-light camera programs.
Rep. Frank Artiles, a Miami Republican who is an outspoken critic of the cameras, changed a House bill (HB 7005) on Monday as it went successfully before the House Transportation & Economic Development Appropriations Subcommittee.
Previously, Artiles sought to ban new cameras from going up and wanted to reduce the fines. But the revised House bill would not go as far, calling for steps such as requiring traffic-engineering studies to justify the need for new cameras.


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In Theaters: September 30, 2006
PG-13 | Drama | 1h 43m
When news of the death of Princess Diana, undoubtedly the most famous woman in the world, breaks upon a shocked and disbelieving British public, Queen Elizabeth II (Helen Mirren) retreats behind the walls of Balmoral Castle with her family, unable to comprehend the public response to the tragedy.
For Tony Blair (Michael Sheen), the popular and newly elected Prime Minister, the people's need for reassurance and support from their leaders is palpable. As the unprecedented outpouring of emotion grows ever stronger, Blair must find a way to reconnect the beloved Queen with the British public.
Cast: Helen Mirren, Michael Sheen, James Cromwell, Sylvia Syms
Director: Stephen Frears
Studio: Miramax Films
Producer(s): Andy Harries, Christine Langan, Tracey Seaward
Writer(s): Peter Morgan
Official Site: www.thequeen-movie.com


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Beyond Bitcoin: the future of blockchain technology
When reflecting upon the most hyped-up tech trends in recent years, it's hard to think of a greater example of the market's fickle nature than that of the cryptocurrency phenomenon. Simply put, cryptocurrencies work by storing all their information on a digital ledger – essentially, a large database which is duplicated many thousands of times across a network of different computers. This system is referred to as a blockchain, and all records of new monetary transactions are added onto this digital ledger as a 'block'. Subsequently, it's much harder to dispute or falsify proceedings, as these records can be independently verified.
Originating with Bitcoin back in 2009, its open-source code allowed for a wave of copycat cryptocurrencies to follow in its footsteps. In its heyday, new start-ups were emerging seemingly every minute, with over 1,600 recognised cryptocurrencies existing based upon the same idea of a shared public ledger. The hype surrounding Bitcoin even meant that governments and official bodies were indulging in talk of investment in this exciting new technology. Cryptocurrencies looked to become one of the biggest disruptors in the world of banking and finance, with big players such as J.P. Morgan Chase and the Royal Bank of Scotland looking to cash in on the concepts underpinning Bitcoin's innovative use of cryptography and data transportation.
After an explosion in popularity just a couple of years ago, prices of a single Bitcoin in December 2017 rose to a record-breaking $19,783 USD, with huge profits made by those who invested, sold or mined (validated a new virtual currency) at the right time. However, this was followed by a similarly dramatic decline in price over the next two months – such a dramatic price drop was unprecedented until that point, having lost over 50% of its value in just 16 days at the start of 2018. The exact cause of this price bubble is subject to debate, though critics of the currency have voiced concerns about Bitcoin's shortcomings and volatile nature for some time. At the time of writing, the value of one bitcoin has now stagnated to around the $4,000 mark, with the other leading cryptocurrencies (such as Litecoin and Ethereum) faring even worse.
Bitcoin's mode of exchange via a huge, immutable public ledger means that the process of generating cryptocurrencies is both time-consuming and computationally expensive. In fact, should the price of cryptocurrencies continue to decline so extremely, the cost of the electricity needed to generate new coins and validate existing ones would eventually outstrip the value of the currency itself.
With all that said, the potential for blockchain technology itself (outside of the world of currency exchange) to become a cornerstone for global security, collaboration and innovation is huge. With the possibilities too numerous to list in their entirety, I've penned my thoughts on a handful of the most promising below.
1) Preventing Identity fraud
Identity theft persists as a major issue throughout the digital world. As more and more of our sensitive data is stored and moved electronically, the threat of data breaches and subsequent identity theft increases. What makes the concept of Bitcoin such a novelty is that all the information stored inside the blockchain is decentralised – that is, unlike a traditional centralised database or server, there is no single point for an attacker to target. Theoretically, if we each owned a digital identity stored on a distributed ledger, it would enable private information to be accessed only via a cryptographic key: providing a much-needed extra layer of security for our most valuable data.
Whilst on the topic of anonymity, it's also worth mentioning how cryptocurrency platforms such as Monero are fervently developing new ways to validate transactions on the blockchain without giving away any indication of the identity or location of the sender. Though not yet a faultless solution, perhaps the restoration of genuine confidentiality in a post-Wikileaks world lies in the development of these sophisticated algorithms.
2) Smart Contracts
Another innovative use for blockchain is the concept of smart contracts. Designed using the principles of blockchain technology, they work by automatically executing transactions once terms are met by all parties involved.
Though already in use by certain cryptocurrencies such as the Ethereum project, this self-executing system could facilitate a faster, more convenient, 'trustless' system for ratifying contracts of all kinds. Given the potential for theft and deception when agreeing to exchange money, goods, loans or other legal obligations of any kind, using digital records as an intermediary could provide a smarter alternative across many different industries.
3) Money Transfer
A financial service in desperate need of an overhaul? International money transfer. Despite the digital age making it easier than ever to book a plane, browse the best hotels and plan an entire trip in minutes, moving your money from one country to another still remains a slow and expensive process. The traditional route generally involves several separate banks, each with their own processing fees, and using your usual bank card abroad or sending money to a friend overseas can incur pretty hefty fees of up to 20%.
The decentralised model used by virtual currencies such as Ripple and Litecoin removes the need to rely on the inefficient processes of individual banks and can instead utilise near real-time processing speeds and low transaction costs.
4) Integration with IoT devices
Finally, it's worth mentioning how the Internet of Things' development can progress further and more safely with the aid of blockchain technology. This heavily-discussed buzzword encompasses any device that can be connected to The Cloud in order to communicate with both the user and other devices. Think remotely controlled smart meters that can control heating and electricity use, or security systems capable of sending instant alerts with the movement of doors and windows. It can even scale up to 'smart cities' with responsive traffic light systems and bins which can signal when they need to be emptied. Despite how quickly this exciting concept is taking off, it's important that our focus shifts not from pushing new products to market as quickly as possible, but rather to making sure all of this extra digital communication is secure.
Whilst not a massive security risk at the moment, as more homes become equipped with surveillance cameras, connected baby monitors and motion detectors, the possibility of cybercriminals causing havoc becomes more alarming. Could blockchain's stringent cryptographic protocols be the answer? As our world, and our things, become more connected, it's more important than ever that our safety and privacy remain a top priority. Fortunately, it appears that the industry is picking up on this, with tech giants such as Samsung and IBM already investing in the implementation of blockchain technology into their IoT services.
Whilst there are lots of exciting developments within the blockchain space, they are all still in relative infancy, and so only time will tell whether the Bitcoin will live on or be resigned to history as a passing fad. If the issues facing cryptocurrencies in their current state turn out to be little more than teething problems, perhaps we should all be anticipating a seismic shift in the most fundamental uses of our technology. Either way, I'm looking forward to seeing how new ideas and a little ingenuity can impact the world around us.
What do you think the most interesting uses for blockchain technology are? Tweet us your thoughts @homeagencyuk.
Bobbi Holding-Brown
Diversity in Digital with #GIRLTECHLCR
Funded in part by Leeds City Council, #GIRLTECHLCR is an amazing initiative to get more female students inspired to work in digital and tech. I was able to take part in the scheme as a part of Leeds Digital Festival 2019, delivering four 30-minute wo
/ 10 Apr 2019
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An average of 250 casing strings and liners, in depths ranges of 500m to 4500m are cemented by RWS per year.
The average of plug cementing – 150 jobs per year.
Rompetrol Well Services pumping equipment is designed and constructed to operate and render services under oil field conditions. Each unit is thoroughly tested before being assigned to the field. Before each job, cement slurries or other fluids are tested in RWS own laboratory.
The laboratory facility has all the necessary equipment to perform the tests and analysis according to the requirements of API Specification 10/API Recommended Practice 10B for testing well cements. Testing can be performed twenty-four hours per day seven days a week, with highly qualified lab personnel.


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Home / Agri News / Downside potential increasing for corn market
Downside potential increasing for corn market
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — A miracle corn crop was produced in 2013.
"It was a terrible start to the year, so it is amazing how everything worked to finish this crop pretty well," said Roy Huckabay, executive vice president and director of market research at Linn Group.
However, a lot of the corn this year went into storage wet.
"It was at 19 to 20 percent moisture, probably more so in Minnesota and Iowa than in Illinois because the corn quit drying down," Huckabay said during a presentationat the Strategic Farm Marketing customer seminar.
South American farmers responded to the strong corn prices in 2013.
"Especially in Mato Grosso, when they took their beans off in January and February, instead of planting cotton and beans, they really went after corn," Huckabay said. "And their double-crop production was bigger than their first crop."
The loan price for a Chinese farmer is $10 per bushel of corn.
"U.S. corn with delivery to China is trading at about $6.25 per bushel, and it costs about 18 percent to import corn into China, which takes the price to about $7.50," Huckabay said. "That's still $2.50 cheaper than the domestic corn price."
China has imported a record amount of beans, he said.
"We also know they're importing record amounts of wheat," he noted. "I think it is possible they can import one-half of our dried distillers grains exports, which doesn't have an import quota, and they are taxed at 5 percent instead of at 18 percent for corn."
Huckabay said he expects China to import 7 million tons of these grains.
"They've already imported 3.5 million tons of DDGS, and they're going to import 2.5 million tons of sorghum," he predicted. "China has also imported record amounts of rice."
As the middle class in China grows, Huckabay said, they want to eat better.
"That's what has led to the protein demand," he explained.
In the U.S., Huckabay said, "I think we emptied a lot of bins last year, and a lot of users got down to zero inventories waiting for the new crop."
During 2013, a lot of corn went into on-farm storage since the farmers didn't like the cheaper prices, Huckabay said.
"It is interesting they continued to sell beans," he noted.
The U.S. cowherd is the smallest since the 1970s.
"It is going to take a long time to build it back up, and when you start pulling heifers out of slaughter to retain them, the price of beef will go skyrocketing," Huckabay said.
"Hog margins have been hurting a little recently. We got up to where we were making $55 per head, and now it's at $45 per head," he reported.
"Ethanol production is back up running close to where we were before we had a corn supply issue," he said. "We're making more ethanol and using more so inventories have remained relatively tight."
Huckabay estimated the corn ending stocks at about 2.2 billion bushels.
"A guy in the Dakotas that grew 125-bushel corn might cut back on corn acres," he said. "But I don't know if you'll be able to talk a guy that grew 200-bushel corn not to grow corn this year. He'll stay with his normal rotation."
Huckabay showed a picture of a corn pile in Mato Grosso that was estimated to total from 2.5 million to 3 million bushels of corn.
"That corn is worth about $2.75 per bushel domestically because they couldn't get it to the export market," he said. "I think this corn pile turns into beans next year."
He is concerned that the Department of Agriculture will increase the U.S. corn production estimate in the January crop production report.
"I'm using a corn yield three bushels bigger than the USDA," he said.
"Corn is going to have a hard time getting above $4.50. I don't think we break down in December. I think we limp out sideways," he added.
But next year, the risk of downside in the corn market moves up a notch.
"If acres stay as big as I think they do, I think you're looking at a corn price going down to $3.80 to $3.50," Huckabay predicted. "I don't think corn future prices will go below $3.50 and stay there very long because it turns on too much demand and turns off farmer selling."
The soybean market has been stronger recently than Huckabay thought it should be.
"It is all based on meal trade, which has been really strong," he said. "I think beans come down and trade at $11, but it takes a big crop in South America."
In February, if the South American farmers are running bean planters behind the combines instead of the corn planters, the bean market is headed to $11, Huckabay said.
"It could get as bad as $10, but I'm not looking for anything south of $10," he said.
"For four or five years, we've said grow it and worry about marketing it after you get it in the bin," he added. "For the next three years, you better have it marketed before you grow it.
"I'm pretty bearish beans because of what I see coming in South America," Huckabay said. "If they have big yields in February, you'll be surprised what bean prices do."
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An artisanal sangria made with high quality Cabernet Sauvignon and Tempranillo red wines, fresh orange and lemon juice, and a touch of cinnamon in Lolea Nº1 and high quality Macabeo and Chardonnay white wine, fresh orange and lemon juice, and a touch of vanilla in Lolea Nº2.
Our sangria is not pasteurised in order to conserve all the characteristics of the wine, and to give it a fizzy touch which makes for a refreshing and enjoyable drink.
Serve very cold in a tall or stem glass with plenty of ice, and accompanied by citrus fruits, peach or strawberries.
Add basil for a delightfully surprising taste.
They come in a cute 4-pack basket full of Lolea spirit.
Ideal for drink anywhere. Serve with straw and very cold, ready to enjoy.
Here, Lolea sets itself apart from all other sangrias that we have tasted so far. It smells like a fresh, young wine! And of cherry, orange peel, lemon drops, cinnamon and sour strawberry. Its intense, pleasant aromas are married with crisps nuances of grapes and sweet fruit. But the best has yet to come. Full-bodied and ample on the palate, Lolea confirms all the olfactory suspicions, following them with the experience of a wide array of ripe red berries and blue flowers, where you appreciate the noblest part of the wine and tannins.


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How Cells Learn to "Count"
Posted by: Crystal Williams on: January 11, 2020 | Print This Page
Surface of a multicillated cell Credit: Andrew Holland
One of the wonders of cell biology is its symmetry. Mammalian cells have one nucleus and one cell membrane, and most humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Trillions of mammalian cells achieve this uniformity — but some consistently break this mold to fulfill unique functions. Now, a team of Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers have found how these outliers take shape.
In experiments with genetically engineered mice, a research team has ruled out a mechanism that scientists have long believed controls the number of hairlike structures, called cilia, protruding on the outside of each mammalian cell. They concluded that control of the cilia count might rely instead on a process more commonly seen in non-mammalian species.
The experiments, described Dec. 2 in Nature Cell Biology and led by Andrew Holland, Ph.D., associate professor of molecular biology and genetics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, may eventually help scientists learn more about human diseases related to cilia function, such as respiratory infections, infertility and hydrocephaly.
Cilia are ancient structures that first appeared on single-celled organisms as small hairlike "fingers" that act as motors to move the cell or antennae to sense the environment. Nearly all human cells have at least one cilium that senses physical or chemical cues. However, some specialized cell types in humans, such as those lining the respiratory and reproductive tracts, have hundreds of cilia on their surface that beat in waves to move fluids through the system.
"Our main question was how these multicilliated cells become so dramatically different than the rest of the cells in our body," says Holland. "Most cells make exactly one cilium per cell, but these highly specialized cells give up on this tight numerical control and make hundreds of cilia."
In an effort to answer the question, Holland and his team took a closer look at the base of cilia, the place where the organelles attach and grow from the surface of the cell. This base is a microscopic, cylinder-shaped structure called a centriole.
In single-ciliated cells, Holland says, centrioles are created before a cell divides. A cell contains two-parent centrioles that each duplicate so that both new cells gets one pair of centrioles — the oldest of these two centrioles then goes on to form the base of the cilium. However, multicilliated cells create unique structures, called deuterosomes, that act as a copy machine to enable the production of tens to hundreds of centrioles, allowing these cells to create many cilia.
"Deuterosomes are only present in multicilliated cells, and scientists have long thought they are central for determining how many centrioles and cilia are formed," says Holland.
To test this, Holland and his team developed a mouse model that lacked the gene that creates deuterosomes. Then, they analyzed the tissues that carry multicilliated cells and counted their cilia.
The researchers were surprised to find that the genetically engineered mice had the same number of cilia on cells as the mice with deuterosomes, ruling out the central role of deuterosomes in controlling the number of cilia. For example, the multicilliated cells lining the trachea all had 200–300 cillia per cell. The researchers also found that cells without deuterosomes could make new centrioles just as quickly as cells with them.
With this surprising result in hand, the researchers engineered mouse cells that lacked both deuterosomes and parent centrioles, and then counted the number of cilia formed in multicilliated cells.
"We figured that with no parent centrioles and no deuterosomes, the multicilliated cells would be unable to create the proper number of new cilia," says Holland.
Remarkably, Holland says, even the lack of parent centrioles had no effect on the final cilia number. Most cells in both normal and genetically engineered groups created between 50 and 90 cilia.
"This finding changes the dogma of what we believed to be the driving force behind centriole assembly," explains Holland. "Instead of needing a platform to grow on, centrioles can be created spontaneously."
While uncommon in mammals, the so-called de novo generation of centrioles is not new to the animal kingdom. Some species, such as the small flatworm planaria, lack parent centrioles entirely, and rely on de novo centriole generation to create the cilia they use to move.
In further experiments on genetically engineered mice, Holland found that all the spontaneously created centrioles were assembled within a region of the cell rich with fibrogranular material — the protein components necessary to build a centriole.
He says he suspects that proteins found in that little-understood area of the cell contain the essential elements necessary to construct centrioles and ultimately control the number of cilia that are formed. Everything else, the deuterosomes and even the parent centrioles, are "not strictly necessary," he says.
"We think that the deuterosomes function to relieve pressure on the parent centrioles from the demands of making many new centrioles, freeing up parent centrioles to fulfill other functions," says Holland.
A better understanding of mechanisms that limit cilia number in human cells could potentially advance efforts to treat cilia-related disorders, he said, by identifying targets for drugs.
Other researchers involved in this study include Olivier Mercey of the Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University; Michelle Levine, Gina LoMastro, Valerie Gomez and Abhijay Kumar of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Philippe Rostaing, Nathalie Spassky and Alice Meunier of the Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, the French National Centre for Scientific Research and INSERM; and Brian Mitchell of Northwestern University.
This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM114119, R01GM133897, R01GM089970), the American Cancer Society (RSG-16-156-01-CCG), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-10-LABX-54 MEMO LIFE, ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02 PSL), the European Research Council (647466) and the French National Research Agency (ANRJC JC-15-CE13-0005-01.
Rachel Butch
rbutch1@jhmi.edu
Vanessa Wasta, M.B.A.
wasta@jhmi.edu
Ayanna Tucker
atucke25@jhmi.edu


The science fiction world is grieving today with the passing of Jay Lake. I didn't have the pleasure of knowing him, and I hadn't yet gotten around to reading the works of his that are on my ever-mighty, ever-growing To Read list.
But I do know people who did know him. And I read people on the Internet who knew him. And I'm part of a fandom community that was definitely impacted by him, and who is now diminished by his passing.
I've posted before about not only my own low-grade fight with cancer, but also by the recent passing of my young cousin Phillip. When Phillip went into hospice care, that was the signal to me that his end was coming. And while I didn't follow Mr. Lake's posts regularly, I have seen several of them–and I'd seen the similar announcement on his site. I've lost two family members to cancer, and have had to fight it off myself. It's a familiar enemy. So while I don't have direct experience with the level of the battle that Jay had to fight, I have a pretty damned good idea. And I definitely know what it's like to be in a family who loses a loved one to that kind of battle.
So yeah. Many, many condolences to all in the greater SF/F community who knew and loved this man, and to his friends and family.


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An overview of the new Digital services tax (DST)
Access our full Legislation Day 2019 commentary with a free trial to TolleyLibrary
A new digital services tax (DST) will be introduced from April 2020. This follows a consultation which commenced in November 2018 where the government response confirmed that it still supports an international solution that the OECD is working towards but noted that this global process will take time. The DST is therefore seen as an interim measure and will be disapplied when an appropriate international solution is in place.
The DST is a 2% tax on UK digital services revenues. Digital services revenues for a group are the total amount of revenues arising to members of the group which are in connection with any digital services activities, as defined below, and UK digital services revenues are those digital services revenues that are attributable to UK users.
DST will only apply if a group exceeds the annual thresholds which are:
£500m digital services revenues, and
£25m UK digital services revenues
So effectively there will be an annual allowance on the first £25m of UK digital services revenues. As the DST is a revenue based tax it may be disproportionately high on businesses with low profit margins or losses so there will be an alternative charge provision or 'safe harbour' election which allows a calculation of DST based on operating margins and therefore provides relief for businesses with low profit margins or losses.
Digital service activities means providing:
a social media platform which promotes interactions between users and allows content to be shared, for example social network sites, online dating websites and user review websites
an internet search engine, or
an online marketplace which facilitates the sale by users of services, goods or other
Property and includes any associated online advertising business. An associated online advertising business is a business operated on an online platform that facilitates the placing of online advertising, and derives significant benefit from its connection with the social media platform, search engine or online marketplace.
Activities are not defined in the draft legislation but the draft guidance issued at the same time gives HMRC's view that an activity will meet two conditions. Firstly it would be something done for commercial purposes i.e. services or functions provided for or on behalf of third parties. Secondly the activity would be a substantive business service and not simply incidental or ancillary to a broader function.
There is a specific exemption for online financial marketplaces if the qualifying conditions are met.
UK users means any person who it is reasonable to assume is normally in the UK, if they are an individual, or are established in the UK, if they are a business. There is no further detail in the legislation on how to establish whether a user is a UK user but the draft guidance states that businesses should use all the information available to them so that if the user has a UK address or UK payment details they are likely to be a UK user.
Revenues will be attributable to UK users in respect of online advertising where the advertising is intended to be viewed by UK users. For all other types of digital service activities revenues are attributable to UK users if they arise in connection with UK users which is a broad rule and would include subscription fees, payments to access content or a premium service.
In addition, all of the revenues that arise in connection with a transaction on an online marketplace are attributable to UK users if one of the parties to the transaction is a UK user, this could be either the consumer or the provider of the goods or services in question. If the online marketplace transaction involves UK land, the revenues that arise in connection with the transaction will be attributable to a UK user even if the owner of the land is not a UK user. This includes revenues in connection with the sale or rental of land and the provision of accommodation. Because of these provisions, double taxation may arise on revenues where another user is based in a country which has a similar tax to the DST so there is relief for certain cross-border transactions which reduces the UK digital services revenues by 50% when a claim for the relief is made.
The total DST liability will be calculated at the group level but the tax will be charged on the individual entities in the group that realise the revenues that contribute to this total. The group consists of all entities which are included in the group consolidated accounts, provided these are prepared under an acceptable accounting standard. Revenues will consequently be counted towards the thresholds even if they are recognised in entities which do not have a UK taxable presence for corporation tax purposes.
A DST return must be delivered to HMRC for each accounting period before the end of one year from the end of the accounting period. A group can use a nominated company to file a return. DST will be payable for an accounting period on the day following the end of nine months from the end of the accounting period, this differs from the proposals under the consultation which were for payments to be made quarterly. For these purposes a group's first accounting period begins on 1 April 2020 and ends with the first accounting reference date to occur after that date or, if earlier, with 31 March 2021. Subsequent accounting periods, for the purposes of DST, end with the first accounting reference date to occur after the end of the last period or one year, if that is earlier. The accounting reference date means the date to which the group's accounts are made up.
There are no specific provisions concerning the deductibility of DST for corporation tax purposes and therefore the general rules on wholly and exclusively will apply.
The draft legislation includes provisions about DST returns, enquiries, assessments and appeals in Schedule 1. There are penalties for failing to file a return by the filing date.
There are anti-avoidance provisions for relevant avoidance arrangements.
Further analysis of the announcements made on Legislation Day is available in TolleyLibrary.
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I can't help it, I just have to say that yet again I love the design of week 4 of the Scheepjes CAL 2014. Again Wink from A Creative Being has made a design that makes me smile. I seem to be repeating myself every week, but it's true, I really love these granny's!
This week the granny has a flower in its heart. Flowers on succulents are often small and delicate. I have a succulent in a pot in my garden and it has been flowering beautifully every year for more than 10 years now. It only flowers for a very short time, but it is so beautiful when it does. I can literally sit next to it all day and just be amazed at the plant. I just about neglect it, but for some strange reason it keeps rewarding me. If my blanket is as lovely as my flowering succulent I will yet again be rewarded.
The pattern this week is a bit more tricky than the ones of the last few weeks. Rounds 1 and 2 are straight forward as are rounds 4 to 10, but oh oh, what to do about round 3! And unfortunately you can't continue with round 4 if you have not done round 3.
It says that you have to work 'behind' the loops of round 2. 'Ya, right' I though. And how am I supposed to do that?!? Of to YouTube to see if I can find anything that is of help. And sure enough I found this movie. It is from another project in which they make a rose, but the concept is the same. From minute 8.30 she explains how to work behind row 2. And from minute 9.30 she shows a close up and she explains it really in detail.
After this video nobody needs help anymore, I know, but I thought I'd have a try at it as well with a video and a few of my own photo's. Just for illustration purposes I have made round 3 in a different color than rounds 1 and 2, but this is of course not how it should be. Actually, if you do it well you won't be able to see round 3 from the front, even if you make it in a different color as I did as you can see in the last photo below. Getting the right loop for the crochets is a bit of a pain, but is doable.
If you want to see my video for this week.
I have made round 9 slightly different to what is said in the original pattern. According to the pattern you should make the double crochets directly above each of the stitches of round 8. However, if I do that I don't like the way the one color flows into the next. It becomes too messy. Hence I have made two double crochets in the opening of chain stitches of round 8. If you make everything in 1 color this messiness does not happen of course.
All granny's of week 1 to 4, it is coming together nicely.


text:
View famous kin of Experience Mitchell
4th Great-grandfather of Emory Washburn — 7th Generation
Maria Tromdin
from 2 Jun 1685 to 14 May 1689
Bridgewater, Plymouth, Massachusetts
Experience arrived in Plymouth in 1623 aboard the Anne with his sister Constant. Experience and Constant had a brother Thomas who remained in Amersterdam when they immigrated to New England. It is through this connection with Thomas that Experience and Constant are believed to be the children of Thomas and Maria (Tromdin) Mitchell of Leiden.
Additional marriages for Experience Mitchell
Mary - - - - - -
prob. Plymouth, Plymouth Co., Massachusetts
Sources for Experience Mitchell
1 American Ancestors Magazine, 2011, Vol. 12.2, pp. 40-41.
3 NEHGS NEXUS: New England Across the United States, 1985, Vol. 2, p. 159.
6 New England Historical and Genealogical Register, 1982, Vol. 136, p. 100.
7 Representative Men and Old Families of Southeastern Massachusetts, Volume 3, (Chicago: J. H. Beers and Company (1912)), 1532.
8 The American Genealogist, 1948, Vol. 24, p. 7.
9 The American Genealogist, 1945, Vol. 22, pp. 206, 208.
10 The American Genealogist, 1980, Vol. 56, pp. 97-98.
11 The American Genealogist, 1942, Vol. 19, pp. 226-227.
12 Anderson, Robert Charles, The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vol. 1, A-F , Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society (1995), 470.
13 Anderson, Robert Charles, The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vol. 2, G-O , Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society (1995), 1270-1273.
14 Anderson, Robert Charles, The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633, Vol. 3, P-W , Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society (1995), 1498.
15 Anderson, Robert Charles, The Great Migration Directory: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1640, A Concise Compendium, Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society (2015), 229.
16 Anderson, Robert Charles, The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England 1634-1635, Vol. III, G-H , Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society (2003), 291-292.
17 Brenneman, Richard E., "Notable Kin - New England in Hollywood, Part Three: The Possible Rhode Island Ancestry of Marilyn Monroe", www.americanancestors.org/notable-kin-the-possible-rhode-island-ancestry-of-marilyn-monroe, (accessed 10/09/2014).
18 Mitchell, Nahum, History of the Early Settlement of Bridgewater, in Plymouth County, Massachusetts: Including an Extensive Family Register, Boston: Kidder and Wright (1840), 181.
19 Nahum, Mitchell, Mitchell's History of Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Reprinted in facsimile., Bridgewater, Massachusetts: Reprinted by Henry T. Pratt (1897, originally 1840), 182, 338.
20 Roberts, Gary Boyd, Notable Kin, Volume 1, Santa Clarita, California: Carl Boyer, 3rd (1998), 20, 22-23, 175, 182.
23 Thomas, Alfred A., Some Family Genealogies, Dayton, Ohio: Unknown (1908), 22.
24 Wakefield, Robert S. and Judith H. Swan, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: Vol. 18, Part 1, Richard Warren , 190.
25 Wood, Ralph V., Jr., Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: Vol. 12, Francis Cooke, Revised Edition, Rockland, Maine: Picton Press (2011, revised edition 3rd printing), 29-37.


So why are these skills so important to companies and what can you do to uncover yours?
Transferable skills are important because they send the message that you're adaptable and professional. They tell an employer that you have growth potential and can take on many different tasks and become successful in them with the right training and support. As a result, your current employer and future ones, too, will see you as an investment that's worth making. They know that technical skills can be acquired, but transferable ones are often more innate, making you more marketable in your job search and in your career.
Brainstorm. Think through the different tasks, experiences, and responsibilities you have on a daily basis and write down the skills that have enabled you to perform successfully in this role. Beyond your job, think too about any volunteer opportunities where you've gained or put to use these skills.
Identify. Once you have a list going, review it and identify those that appear over and over again. These are your strengths and the skills that you should likely grow and develop both in your job now, as well as down the line, in future opportunities.
Test. If you're having trouble identifying your transferable skills, there are many online tests that can help you with the task. These will give you more insight into what specific skills you have that can help set you apart in your field of work.
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TJ Lubrano recently posted..1000speak: Wearing Glasses Tinted With Judgement.
Wait a minute. Did you go to Notre Maison/St Joes? Were you at Gertrude's?
We did! Gertrude's will never leave my heart. You've been?
Yes! For two weeks in 2013 while working at a medical clinic. I think about it all the time. As soon as you said something about a child with a disability and no pants, I knew it had to be Maxo. Then I saw the photo and I was sure. I spent one afternoon in the orphanage trying to get him to wear pants and every time I put them on him, five minutes later he'd come running back towards me without them. He thought it was a great game! I miss those children so much. If I were single and not in school I'd probably be living in Haiti right now, working there.
I know how your daughter feels. I've been there (and am still there often). Her heart is far more notable than anything she could create or perform. We desperately need hearts like hers in this world. She will be a shining light. Can't wait until she can see it herself.
What a beautifully touching post. What a difference compassion makes and what a 'talent' it is. There could be no real greater talent to offer people. That special-needs boy – just amazing how needed to be held and how you made all the difference to him.
My heart just broke looking at the contented face of that precious boy! You are so very wonderful to have given him those moments of peace!!
Wow. I've read a lot of posts today but this one moved me so much emotionally. That last photo has me sitting here with tears. Those poor children. What an amazing experience that must have been. My son went to Kenya on a Mission trip his junior year of high school. He came home a changed teenager with a new respect for life and people and compassion.
This is so amazing. I too would've felt like i had nothing to offer. Your selflessness and compassion are so inspiring.
You made me cry. Love you, T. You and your big heart and wonderful hands.
Could there be a better example of kindness and compassion? Truly incredible and inspiring– all of you who went on that trip and trips like it.
You have such a giving and beautiful soul, Tracy. This takes a special person, for sure. Not everyone can do THIS. Just hold someone and comfort someone who needs it. You are blessed to have that ability.


This newish West 7th gastropub may very well be all things to all people.
840 Currie St, FW. 817-820-1510. 4pm-2am Mon-Fri, 11am-2am Sat-Sun. All major credit cards accepted.
To the West 7th Street corridor, an area already loaded with Dallas transplants — Gloria's Latin Cuisine, Tillman's Roadhouse, Velvet Taco — now comes an iteration of a gastropub that has been calling Big D home since 2009. Located in the enviable corner spot formerly occupied by Brownstone Kitchen & Bar, Social House has it all: late-night service, a full-service bar (stocked with dozens of popular local and regional craft brews), and a menu developed by Brian Olenjack (Olenjack's Grille, Reata) that ranges from brick-oven pizzas to seafood and grits.
The interior is a dizzying mash-up of large-screen TVs, high-top and uregular tables, a large wraparound bar, and bookshelves that tries and fails to give the swanky space a homey feel. The outdoor patio, its footprint now about twice the size of Brownstone's, offers a close-up view of the bustling district.
The menu is vast, and it's heavy on seafood, including chicken-fried oysters. Served on a bed of fresh sliced cabbage, poblano peppers, shredded lettuce, and diced red onions tossed in a light mayo-vinaigrette, the piled-up oysters were golden, meaty, crunchy on the outside, and soft and only saltwater-kissed inside. The dipping sauce, tangy and mayonnaise-based with a solid horseradish kick, was a scrumptious and lively topper.
The beef sliders, three silver dollar-sized burgers, were a bit underdressed and pretty boring. A leaf of lettuce, some paper-thin red onion, and a tomato slice completed the toppings. If not for a buttery, rich aioli slathered on the buns, we might have fallen asleep mid-bite.
Social House's list of pies is full of quirkiness. There's the prosciutto and pesto (with caramelized onions, mozzarella, and parmesan); the barbacoa (pulled pork or smoked chicken breast tossed in housemade barbecue sauce, topped with caramelized onions, mozzarella, and parmesan); and the beef chorizo. Made up of smoky hunks of beef chorizo (not pork), a fiery and chunky chipotle tomato sauce, long slivers of melted mozzarella, mild queso blanco, parmesan-like cotija, chopped scallions, and basil, the pizza was an alarmingly refreshing blend of sweet, savory, and spicy. Thanks to the thin, almost tortilla-like crust, our bellies didn't burst.
The sandwich section is almost as much fun. Along with several classics (a reuben, blackened chicken, shrimp po-boy, roasted turkey, crab cake), Social House offers The Pub. Stuffed with maple-flavored bacon, two fried eggs, two slices of green apple, melted white cheddar, romaine lettuce, and tomato slices, this goliath, served on toasted sourdough bread, was a delectable, artery-clogging experience. The salty pork, tart apples, and savory egg worked surprisingly well together.
The star of the show was the buffalo burger: a half-pound patty blanketed with a gut-busting combination of fried egg, white cheddar, red onions, lettuce, and tomatoes and packed into a gargantuan toasted bun. The bison, cooked medium- well, had a lean, rich flavor similar to ground steak but with a slightly coarser texture. The sharp cheese added a nice zing, contrasting the milder flavors of the meat, egg, and veggies.
Social House does its best to live up to its name. For a place that apparently draws as many customers for beers and college football as it does for food, the fare is surprisingly tasty.


The big swimming pool – length of the swimming pool, suitable for competitions, is 25 m, depth at the ends of the swimming pool is 1m 78 cm and 1m 32 cm accordingly.
The swimming pool has 4 lanes.
The little swimming pool (length 12,75 m; depth from 0,75 m up to 1,22 m), equipped with back-stream, underwater massage, underwater lighting and sauna.
After restructuring of the Ventspils Water Amusement Park the Athletics Hall is much wider and comprises almost 200 square meters now. The hall is equipped with new and modern exercise units manufactured in the USA. To provide a complete training, visitors of the hall are offered an individual training programme drawn up by a professional trainer, taking into account physical preparedness and requirements of each client.
© 2019 Ūdens piedzīvojumu parks"


text:
Home » Bengals Better Look In The Mirror Fast For Answers After Humiliation In Cleveland
Bengals Coverage
Bengals Better Look In The Mirror Fast For Answers After Humiliation In Cleveland
Zac Taylor insists Browns debacle is "not who we are" as Bengals flounder for answers.
By Mike Petraglia 11/01/2022 6 Mins Read
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Nick Chubb and the Browns ran over the Bengals again Monday night.
CLEVELAND — As Sam Hubbard said after Monday night's 32-13 humiliation at the hands of the Cleveland Browns at FirstEnergy Stadium, pointing fingers and divvying up slices of the blame pie really doesn't serve a purpose.
But neither does living in denial.
The Bengals cannot deny that even without Ja'Marr Chase for the first time this season, there was no excuse to come into Cleveland with so much on the line and completely whiff and show no resistance to a team that was waiting to have its season summarily ended before November.
Even after the game, one of their running backs – Kareem Hunt – said if they want to trade him before Tuesday's 4 p.m. ET deadline, he'd be on board with that.
This was a Cleveland team without Denzel Ward, linebacker Jeremiah Owusu-Koramoah and a starting offensive lineman.
But they still had Myles Garrett and that alone was enough to destroy Joe Burrow's rhythm early with a tipped pass that ended with an A.J. Green interception on Cincinnati's first drive.
The Patriots Revamped Coaching Staff May Be Starting to Take Place
Garrett finished with 1.5 sacks, including a strip that led to a key first-half turnover. The Browns also had Nick Chubb, who again tormented the Bengals with 101 yards on 23 carries and two touchdowns.
Myles and Taven combine for a 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘳 of a sack!
📺: #CINvsCLE on ESPN pic.twitter.com/pEjk2zrwvD
— Cleveland Browns (@Browns) November 1, 2022
What happened to Chido Awuzie and his right knee on the collision with Browns receiver Amari Cooper is a terrible break. It leaves the Bengals without their top corner going forward. This on top of the Chase injury will be hard for the Bengals to overcome.
It felt like a double-dose of awful on Halloween. The offense played horrifically without Chase and the defense suffered a collective kick in the guy by losing one its most important pieces.
"It's tough because Chidobe is a guy that is one of the hardest workers on our team and one of the most focused guys," coach Zac Taylor said. "Great man of character. He does everything right, does everything to lift up his teammates. He does everything to prepare himself. He is all about the team. He puts his heart and soul into this thing so to see a guy get hit like that is tough."
"Unbelievable, that hurts really bad," added edge Sam Hubbard, who had his left middle finger mangled in the second half but played through the pain. "He is an unbelievable player and I wish him all the best. We are going to miss him and I do not know what happened. I just saw him on crutches and this is really tough. If you know anything about Chido, it means the world to him. He is one of the most reliable teammates that I have ever played with and not much to say other than he means a lot to this team."
Without Chase, Tyler Boyd had just 38 yards on three catches. He was targeted just five times. Tee Higgins had a 41-yard garbage-time touchdown that accounted for most of his 49 yards on three catches with six targets.
"Any time that guy goes down, it is going to have an effect, but we are a better offense than what we put out there, even without him," Burrow told me. "There are no excuses for that."
Burrow hit the nail on the head there.
What was a promising and nice 4-1 run heading into games against Cleveland and Carolina leading into the bye now is – at best – a 5-4 mark with the teeth of the schedule still ahead. Games that the Bengals should've put in the bank are gone.
The Bengals let the game get away early Monday and, while the Browns gave them chance after chance to fight their way back into it, Burrow and the offense looked entirely lost and without direction in the first half. When the Browns scored to open the second half, game over.
"It's easy to see what this one comes down to, the way that segment of the game got away from us, this isn't the type of team we are," head coach Zac Taylor told me. "This is a 17-game season and this is one game. We weren't at our best (Monday) at any phase. I'm confident that's not not who we are, but we can make the corrections and flush this one away quickly, turn our attention to Carolina on the six-day week. Have a great opportunity to get this out of our system quickly and play next Sunday."
All due respect to Taylor, almost half of that 17-game season is done and you are what your record says you are. You are a mediocre and remarkably inconsistent 4-4 team that hasn't beaten a team in your division, including a pair of teams that are likely headed for rebuilding mode in the second half of the season.
The Steelers and Browns should be wins and the Bengals have managed to cough up both games because their offense had no answers in the first half of either game.
Suddenly, the Bengals feel like a non-playoff team. Yes, the injuries to Ja'Marr Chase and now Chidobe Awuzie are killers. But playoff teams find ways to fight through those and win a game against an inferior opponent, unless of course the Bengals are an inferior team right there with the Browns and Steelers.
What we've seen so far from the Bengals is more of the latter than the former. The Bengals right now look like a team that has squandered its chance to dominate the division and put themselves in the conversation with the Bills and Titans and Chiefs. The Bengals are light years from even entertaining that conversation.
In addition to the Awuzie loss and injury to Hubbard, Tre Flowers, another key piece from 2021, left with a hamstring injury. But Hubbard's toughness, along with that of Logan Wilson and Trey Hendrickson does offer a glimmer of hope.
"I know the guys we got in our locker room," Hubbard said. "There are so many leaders, I mean this is one of the best groups of guys that I have been around and I know that there will be no finger pointing. There will be a lot of people looking at themselves and figuring out what they can do individually to get better and that is how you get out of situations like this, I have been here many times before."
"I know theres not going to be any finger pointing" Sam Hubbard who played through a mangled left middle finger. Tough effort in loss. pic.twitter.com/ZLHAWNeV8N
— Mike Petraglia (@Trags) November 1, 2022
It will be up to Duke Tobin, the director of player personnel to decide if there are any deals to be made to account for the losses of Chase or Awuzie and whether he feels this team can recover to make a second-half run like it did in 2021.
2021 feels like light years ago after what happened Monday night in Cleveland.
Chido Awuzie Cincinnati Bengals Cleveland Browns Joe Burrow NFL nfl trade deadline Tee Higgins Tyler Boyd
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Mike Petraglia
Joined CLNS Media in 2017. Covered Boston sports as a radio broadcaster, reporter, columnist and TV and video talent since 1993. Covered Boston Red Sox for MLB.com from 2000-2007 and the New England Patriots for ESPN Radio, WBZ-AM, SiriusXM, WEEI, WEEI.com and CLNS since 1993. Featured columnist for the Boston Celtics on CelticsBlog.
NFL Championship Sunday Props – Betting Predictions and Picks
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Bedard: Bill O'Brien Will Elevate Mac Jones in Year 3
Five Free Agency and Trade Targets for the Patriots at Wide Receiver


of Environmental Control Officers) Regulations 1999.
(d) any other work of engineering construction.
which he is employed for at least 40 hours per week.
for which he is employed for at least 15 hours per week.
Agency or does not possess a valid Certificate of Registration.
required to carry their Environmental Control Officer Registration Card.
$120 is payable for renewal of registration valid for two years.
viii) any other environmental health matters.
environmental health standards in the construction site.
for more than 5 days.
as canteens, toilet facilities and workers' quarters.
Report to the occupier of the construction site once every 2 weeks.
debris, etc. as this may lead to spillage and littering of roads.
they leave the construction site.
8.1.3 A paved wash bay is to be provided for washing of vehicles (e.g.
lorry tyres and undercarriages) before they leave the worksite.
be washed into the drains from any stockpile thereof.
obstructed due to the construction works.
caused by construction works, e.g. water spray, shielding, etc.
conditions stipulated by the Director.
maintained and should not emit dark smoke.
times. They must not be used for storage purpose.
discharge points to be connected to septic tanks for disposal.
General of Public Health from time to time.
covered when not in use.
should be no spillage of refuse around the bins at any time.
a location easily accessible to waste removal vehicles.
regularly to reduce noise emission.
properly kept and produce the records when requested.
(k) flat roofs of bangsals and temporary office.
equipment or machinery should be kept indoors.
and the containers should be emptied daily.
8.7.7 Air-handling units (AHU) should be stored under shelter.
water collected to drain out.
should be covered with earth.
dengue outbreaks near the construction site.
and outer walls of bangsals and site offices once a month.
covered tightly at all times.
least 60 cm above the ground.
8.7.20 Conduct regular checks for larval survey and source reduction.
other untreated wastewater into drain or land is allowed.
a licensed toxic waste collector for proper disposal.
companies by Pollution Control Department.
premises or obtained from licensed sources.
and not into open drains.
gloves while handling cooked or ready-to-eat food.
refrigerators or food cabinets, whichever is appropriate.
before and after preparing food and after visiting the toilets.
This is necessary even when the food handler wears gloves.
crockery with chips and cracks should not be used.
should be free from oil drips.
a flue discharge above roof level.
connected to the sewerage system.
environmental health hazards is tabulated in Appendix 6.
3. A copy of Environmental Control Officer's Course Certificate.
(iii) a Certificate of Registration as a Workplace Safety and Health officer with MOM.
payable to "National Environment Agency" (Please write your name and NRIC No. on the back of the cheque).
7. For further enquiries, please call 67319275.
Control Officers. Please indicate ✓ below if you wish to have your contact number posted on the website.
Regulation 6 of the Environmental Public Health (Registration of Environmental Control Officers) Regulations.
7. The following documents/ plans are also submitted.
construction site from ___(date)___ to ___(date)___.
tank, overloading of septic tank, etc.


text:
Front Populaire é uma estação da linha 12 do Metrô de Paris, localizada no limite das comunas de Saint-Denis e de Aubervilliers. Esta é a 301ª estação do Metrô de Paris. É, desde essa data, o terminal norte da linha 12, enquanto se aguarda a sua extensão a Mairie d'Aubervilliers, no final do ano de 2021.

Localização

A estação se situa sob a place du Front Populaire, no coração de La Plaine Saint-Denis, no limite das comunas de Saint-Denis e de Aubervilliers, no cruzamento rue Proudhon / rue des Gardinoux, de um lado (eixo oeste-leste) e rue des Fillettes, do outro lado (eixo norte-sul). Ela está estabelecida a 1,4 km do antigo terminal Porte de la Chapelle, a 20 m de profundidade. Ela serve um antigo bairro industrial em plena mutação, incluindo o futuro Campus Condorcet e o Parc des Portes de Paris (conhecido como Parc des EMGP, do nome do proprietário anterior, os Entrepôts des magasins généraux de Paris), uma zona de atividades controladas pelo grupo Icade, com seus estúdios de cinema e televisão.

De 210 m sobre 90 m, a place du Front-Populaire é desenvolvida pelo Estabelecimento público regional Plaine Commune que inclui as duas cidades no limite das quais a estação está situada. Este espaço de 1,8 hectares, atravessado por uma ampla alameda plantada com um jardim de água em seu centro, deve ser o coração de um bairro onde serão construídas 650 novas habitações e 110 000 m2 de escritórios.

História
A estação foi aberta em 18 de dezembro de 2012.

Origem do nome

Originalmente referida como "Proudhon - Gardinoux", seu nome final foi debatido:

 as autoridades eleitas queriam, após a morte do poeta Martiniquês Aimé Césaire, dar seu nome a uma estação de metrô. O prefeito de Drancy propôs enquanto foi dado a esta estação, mas a RATP exigindo que a odonímia do distrito seja relacionada ao nome da estação, é a seguinte estação provisoriamente chamada "Pont de Stains" que será nomeada "Aimé Césaire", em referência ao parc Aimé-Césaire inaugurado em 6 de julho de 2008;
 a comunidade de aglomeração Plaine Commune queria que ela tomasse o nome "Proudhon - Gardinoux - Place du Front Populaire", em referência ao nome da praça epônima atribuída ao cruzamento.

Finalmente, no comunicado de imprensa da Sindicato dos Transportes da Île-de-France (STIF) de 9 de fevereiro de 2011, a estação é chamada Front Populaire. Além disso, nas estações da linha 12, o destino Porte de la Chapelle foi substituído por Aubervilliers.

O nome da estação é retirado da praça epônima, que presta tributo à Frente Popular, coalizão de partidos de esquerda que governou a França de 1936 a 1938. A Frente Popular estava na origem de importantes reformas sociais, incluindo a introdução de férias laborais e redução do horário de trabalho semanal para quarenta horas.

Gênese da extensão
A linha 12 foi lançada em 5 de novembro de 1910 de Porte de Versailles a Notre-Dame-de-Lorette. Desde a sua construção, uma extensão ao norte da linha havia sido planejada e reservada no final do túnel. O uso dessas reservas na década de 1960 para a construção da rodovia A1 em Saint Denis pôs fim a essa possibilidade.

No final da década de 1990, durante a adoção do contrato de projeto Estado-Região 2000-2006 para a Île-de-France, uma extensão da linha 12 foi incluída no plano para permitir o acesso da ZAC Nozal Chaudron (bairros situados entre a avenue du Président-Wilson e a nova place du Front-Populaire), setores situados a sudeste da comuna de Saint-Denis e a oeste da comuna de Aubervilliers.

A consulta sobre o projeto ocorreu em 2001 e a enquete pública ocorreu de 10 de junho de 2003 a 11 de julho de 2003, na casa da RATP, nas prefeituras do 18.º arrondissement de Paris, de Aubervilliers, de La Courneuve e de Saint-Denis, bem como as prefeituras departamentais em questão. Elas confirmaram a construção e localização da estação Front Populaire. O decreto a declarando de utilidade pública data de 8 de junho de 2004.

Construção
A colocação da pedra fundamental da estação, então chamada de Proudhon - Gardinoux, marcando o início das obras, foi realizada em 25 de junho de 2008 na presença de Claude Baland, Prefeito de Seine-Saint-Denis, Claude Bartolone, Presidente do Conselho Geral de Seine-Saint-Denis, Jean-Paul Huchon, Presidente do Conselho Regional da Ilha de França, Pierre Mongin, Presidente da RATP, Serge Méry, Vice-Presidente do Conselho Regional da Ilha de França e Patrick Braouezec, Presidente da Comunidade de Aglomeração Plaine-Commune.

Inauguração
A estação foi inaugurada em 18 de dezembro de 2012 por Christian Lambert, Prefeito de Seine-Saint-Denis, Jean-Paul Huchon, Presidente do Conselho Regional de Île-de-France e Presidente do STIF, Stéphane Troussel, Presidente do Conselho Geral de Seine-Saint-Denis, e Pierre Mongin, Presidente-Diretor Geral da RATP. A estação, a 301ª do metrô parisiense, foi aberta no mesmo dia.

Frequência
Em 2016, de acordo com estimativas da RATP, a frequência anual da estação é de 2 672 036 passageiros, o que a coloca na 199ª posição de estações de metro por sua frequência em 302.

Serviços aos passageiros

Acessos
Quatro acessos ligam a place du Front-Populaire à estação, incluindo o acesso por elevador. A estação está equipada com sete escadas rolantes e três elevadores.

Plataformas
As plataformas da estação são acessíveis para pessoas com mobilidade reduzida. Uma grande claraboia ilumina parte da estação à luz do dia.

Intermodalidade
A estação é servida pelas linhas 139, 239, 302 (a distância) e 512 da rede de ônibus RATP.

Eventualmente, a estação também poderá ser servida pela linha T8 do tramway, depois de sua extensão de Saint-Denis - Porte de Paris para a estação Rosa-Parks.

Pontos turísticos
 La Plaine Saint-Denis
 Área de atividade Les Portes de Paris e seus muitos estúdios de televisão
 Futuro Campus Condorcet Paris-Aubervilliers
 Centro Comercial Le Millénaire

Ver também
 Lista de estações do Metrô de Paris

Front Populaire
Aubervilliers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Treatment with Arestin® (minocycline HCl 1mg) microspheres is fast, easy and doesn't cause discomfort.Treating periodontal disease with Arestin and scaling and root planing will help you manage chronic periodontist more effectively than scaling and root planing alone. You'll also be less likely to lose your teeth.
Arestin does not require bandages or stitches.Arestin is bioadhesive and bioresorbable. It will not leak, fall out, or leave anything to be removed by the dentist or hygienist in a follow-up visit.
If you could see them, these microspheres would look like tiny beads of many different sizes.However, they are smaller than a grain of sand and look like a yellow powder to the naked eye. Administered as a powder, the microspheres become moist from various fluids beneath the gums, they stick to the infected sites around your teeth. The moisture causes the release of the antibiotic minocycline, which can then access the bacteria in the intricate sites around your teeth, including the sites that are difficult to reach with other methods of treatment. The different sizes of the microspheres enable the medication to be continually released and fight the infection for at least 21 days. This helps control periodontitis for at least 12 months when used with SRP.
The clinical trials for Arestin® (minocycline HCl 1 mg) microspheres were large and well controlled. These studies were conducted at 22 universities and dental schools across the United States in more than 920 patients with adult periodontitis.
In these clinical trials, patients treated with Arestin plus scaling and root planing (SRP) had significantly reduced pocket depth compared to those treated with SRP alone. Pocket depth is a measurement that is used to diagnose and monitor the severity of periodontal disease. Pockets are formed around teeth when supporting tissue and bone is destroyed. Because the severity of periodontal disease is measured in part by the depth of pockets, a desired outcome in periodontal disease treatment is the reduction of pocket depth. In addition, clinical trials showed that 25 percent more patients treated with a combined therapy of Arestin plus SRP as compared to SRP treatment alone, reduced their pocket depth below 5mm, restoring their dental health to a point that can be more easily maintained.
The trials also showed that Arestin used with SRP was particularly effective in patients with cardiovascular disease and patients who smoke. Arestin was also effective in more difficult to treat teeth such as molars and in challenging to treat sites that occur between tooth roots know as furcations. Typically, molar teeth and their furcation sites in particular are hard to clean with the scaling and root planing procedure because of their shape and location in the mouth. Arestin is easy to apply, allowing dentists to reach these harder to treat sites and because Arestin is so adhesive, the antibiotic remains in these difficult to treat areas and kills the infection for a long period of time. Arestin can be administered quickly right after scaling and root planing, which allows patients to address all of their oral health needs in one brief visit.
In addition, studies show that there is a possible link between periodontal infection and cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis and increased incidence of pre-term, low-birth weight babies. These added risks makes early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease even more important.
Wait 12 hours after your treatment before brushing teeth.
Wait 10 days before using floss, toothpicks, or other devices designed to clean between teeth.
Avoid foods for 1 week that could hurt your gums.


text:
If a kid asks where rain comes from, I think a cute thing to tell him is "God is crying." And if he asks why God is crying, another cute thing to tell him is "Probably because of something you did." --Jack Handey
It's rained so much here in Middle TN. There's a photography studio here in town, and it's got a pond right next to it with a man-made island in the middle. They'll use it for the occasional picture, I reckon. Well, it's decent gauge for me as to how much it's raining....
Usually, there are two cinder blocks showing above the water line. If one's covered, it's rained a bit. If two are covered, it's rained a lot. The whole island was covered, grass and all, today, and the water was coming out of the banks of the pod on the outer banks, and creeping up toward the main building.
So that, along with Morgan Freeman yelling to Christian Slater outside my apartment that "We just want the money!", will tell you that it's been raining pretty good around these parts....
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