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Articles Posted in Product Liability
AbbVie Androgel Lawsuits | March 2019 Settlement Update
In October 2018, settlements in the AbbVies AndroGel lawsuits FINALLY appear ready to resolve. The drug company and plaintiffs lawyers are dotting the i's and crossing the t's on a settlement agreement that would resolve thousands of testosterone cases. (June 2019 Update: $775 million.)
Lawsuits had been filed claiming that the makers of Androgel, AbbVie, failed to warn thousands of men about the potential side-effects of the drug. These side-effects include heart attacks, blood clots, stroke, and even sudden death in extraordinary cases. As the litigation wheels are starting to turn here, AbbVie is trying to gum them up with objections to slow down the process. You could say everything is going according to plan….
Androgel Lawsuits
If you are reading this you probably already know this but let's recap where were are. Currently, there are about 7,000 lawsuits against AbbVie percolating around the federal court system. The various suits allege that the makers of Androgel, AbbVie, neglected to warn thousands of men about the serious side effects of the "Low-T" treatment drug. This drug has certainly been a big hit, understandably so considering that it promises men physical enhancement to counteract the forces of aging. But thousands of lawsuits -allege that low-T drugs can lead to heart attack, stroke, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, or other injuries, prompting men across the U.S. to sue AbbVie and the other manufacturers for not being adequately warned of the risks.
That really is what this is about. No one — at least not many people — are calling for a low-T recall. The risk might outweigh the benefit for some although probably not many of us. It is about giving patients and doctors a choice. Tell us what can happen and let us make the call. They are giving this warning now. They should have given it to us before. That is what these lawsuits are about.
Posted in: Product Liability
10 Things You Should Know About Zostavax Lawsuits – October 2018
What is Zostavax?
Zostavax is a single shot vaccine that helps prevent herpes zoster, also known as the shingles. It is a weakened live form of the virus, meant to train the immune system to fight it off. Zostavax is primarily meant for individuals 50 years and older. Developed by the pharmaceutical company Merck & Company, the FDA approved it in 2006. It is a stronger version of Varivax, another shingles' vaccine also developed by Merck.
What are the shingles?
Updated: October 11, 2018 9:23 pm
Levaquin and Cipro Increase Risk of Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections
According to a new study recently published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, exposure to drugs found in the family fluoroquinolone increased the risk of aortic aneurysms and dissections. Fluoroquinolone drugs include Levaquin and Cipro.
What are fluoroquinolones?
Fluoroquinolones are a family of antibacterial agents that are used primarily for respiratory and urinary tract infections. Drugs found in this family include Levaquin, Cipro, and Avelox.
Essure Birth Control System May Cause Serious Side Effects
Bayer announced today that after thousands of reports of injuries from women and repeated safety restrictions by regulators said Friday that it will stop selling the device in the U.S.
What is the deal with these medical devices and what is happening with the lawsuits in these cases?
The Essure Permanent Birth Control System was to provide women a safer, less involved (and painful) tubal ligation alternative. This medical device was triumphantly marketed as the "[only] FDA-approved permanent form of birth control with a procedure that can be performed in an office setting without general anesthesia." Unfortunately for the 750,000 women who have used this system since the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) approved it in 2002, both new scientific research and anecdotal evidence suggest that Essure has caused substantial injuries to thousands of patients, motivating calls among consumer advocates for the drug's recall and spurring legal action.
How Essure Works and Why the System Appeals to Women
The Essure system consists of two flexible coils that are inserted into the Fallopian tubes in order to produce permanent sterilization. Both patients and doctors have liked Essure, at least conceptually, because the system offers a less-invasive solution than tubal ligation and other birth control surgeries, ostensibly with shorter healing time and fewer side effects. Premarket studies tracked women's pregnancies before and after Essure implantation, leading Bayer to assert that the device is 99.83 percent effective at preventing pregnancy and that "mild to moderate pain" and "spotting" are the most common side effects.
3T Heater-Cooler NTM Infection Lawsuits
Some 3T heater-cooler devices manufactured by LivaNova, PLC may have caused dangerous and deadly Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) infections in many patients. 3T heater-cooler devices are used in cardiothoracic surgeries, which usually involve the heart, lungs, or esophagus. The common nature of these surgeries means that more than 500,000 patients may have a cause for concern.
As a result, a 3-T Heater-Cooler class action lawsuit has been filed. Our law firm is talking to potential victims about joining the class action lawsuit (technically an MDL).
Updated: March 23, 2018 10:28 am
Just for Men Hair Dye Burns and Allergic Reactions Lawsuit
Just for Men pitchmen like Keith Hernandez may promise we will "Go from Grey to Great" but some are finding an unpleasant catch to the inexpensive hair and beard dye. Specifically, customers are complaining of painful reactions after using the product to clean up their patches of grey.
Just for Men's manufacturer, Combe Incorporated hasn't issued a recall of any of their hair dye products and most negative reactions to the products are usually temporary. But for many middle-aged men hoping to hold onto that youthful look a little longer, Just for Men's potential for skin irritation and other issues may do more to harm than help.
Consumer Complaints Old and New
Will Xarelto Verdict Lead to Big Settlements?
A Philadelphia jury crushed Bayer and Johnson and Johnson earlier this month with a $27.8 million verdict. The jury awarded $1.8 million in compensatory damages and $26 million in punitive damages.
The punitive damage award is key because Bayer had to be thinking they could win these cases after winning three in a row in federal court. This resounding victory changes the game.
While $28 million is chump change to these companies. But these cases could be worth billions. This gets the attention of corporate. The value the Xarelto is a big question mark on their balance sheets right now. Moreover, the fear of loss of revenue from these drugs. Meaningful settlement talks a global class action settlement may not be far away.
Mirena IUD Pseudotumor Cerebri (PTC) Lawsuits
In 2000, Bayer Healthcare introduced the Mirena IUD, which is a flexible T-shaped RUD implant that is placed in the uterus for up to five years as a form of birth control. It has been a relatively effective birth control device. It is even more effective in preventing pregnancy than even female sterilization. But while effective for its intended purpose, a lot of problems have been reported with the Mirena IUD. Since 2004, the FDA has received over 77,000 adverse event reports relating to Mirena.
Mirena IUD's have been linked to perforating uteri, and the IUD's have been known to move out of position on occasion, causing internal injuries, with over 4,000 lawsuits pending from women. The reality is these cases have either failing or have already failed. It is unfair but our justice system is not always fair. Recently, however, a new type of lawsuit has started to arise regarding Mirena IUD's and Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals.
Pseudotumor Cerebri(PTC)
PTC is called many different things: idiopathic intracranial hypertension, pseudotumor cerebri, benign intracranial hypertension are the most common. This serious condition is characterized by a buildup of fluid pressure on the brain. This fluid buildup results in severe headaches, vision loss, and possibly other problems.
PTC is most commonly in obese females of reproductive age. The biggest symptom of PTC is papilledema. Early symptoms include headaches and visual disturbances. Patients with these symptoms, particularly obese patients or those with recent weight gain, should be screened for papilledema and, if present, the patient should be referred to a neurologist for further diagnosis and care. Continue reading
Bard IVC Lawsuits | November 2018 Update
The Bard Recovery IVC filter and its ostensibly new and improved cousin, the Bard G2 IVC filter, have been linked to an increased risk of fracture which can cause serious injury or death.
A New Verdict in 2018 That Means Something to You
The big news in these IVC filter cases came in April 2018 when plaintiff scored their first big win. An Arizona jury awarded a Georgia woman $3.6 million, including $2 million in punitive damages.
Updated: November 7, 2018 1:28 pm
Things That Could Hurt You: Prilosec
Made by AstraZeneca, Prilosec is the brand name for a generic drug, omeprazole, used in combating acid reflux by reducing the amount of acid produced in the stomach.
Prilosec was the first of a class of drugs known as proton pump inhibitors ("PPIs"), which are prescribed to treat chronic heart burn, acid reflux, and other gastrointestinal maladies. The reason Prilosec works is its active ingredient, omeprazole. Nexium, another drug that has been the subject of a great number of lawsuits, is a big competitor with Prilosec. There is so much money in PPIs. The manufacturers of these drugs have been in litigation with each other for a very long time, battling over patents and profits.
How popular is it?
Following its introduction in 1989. Prilosec rocketed to widespread popularity. In 2013, Prilosec sales were $358.8 million – making the drug the second-highest-selling over-the-counter digestive remedy. Prilosec belongs to a class of acid-reducing medicines on which the public spends over $14 billion a year.
The active ingredient in Prilosec, Omeprazole, is a racemic mixture containing S- and R-enantiomers. Enantiomers are molecules that have two Non-superimposable mirror image forms Racemic mixtures, such as omeprazole, contain equal proportions of the two enantiomers. Continue reading
Updated: September 5, 2017 9:49 am


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Home›Sex & Love›Are you an exhibitionist?
Are you an exhibitionist?
Ever wanted to explore your exhibitionist fantasies?
Some guys get turned on by putting on a show. There's something about being naked in public, getting it on in places where you probably shouldn't. The thrill of potentially getting caught, of being exposed, or that other guys might want to join in.
Whether it's just your fantasy or it's the reality of how you have fun, exhibitionism is something that appeals to a lot of horned-up men.
What's the turn-on about exhibitionism?
We talked to a few porn stars to find out whether exhibitionism was a turn on for them.
Taking a risk
It's a good idea to check what the local laws are before you head out to have some fun. Some places will have quite strict public decency rules, while others are a bit more relaxed about that kind of thing, as long as you're not offending or upsetting anyone else.
"I haven't been caught while I was wanking yet, but the risk of getting caught totally adds to the excitement…" says Yoshi Kawasaki. "I'm hoping that one day I'll find some guys who want to join me when I'm jerking off."
Putting on a show
For many guys, exhibitionism is all about having an audience – being able to perform in front of an appreciative crowd, whether that's on a stage in a club or at the local cruising ground.
"I love to have sex in public, with people around watching me - it makes me so horny!" confirms Dani Robles.
"My dick gets hard when people are watching me mess around… confirms George Mason of Hung Young Brit. "One-on-one, behind closed doors stuff isn't so appealing to me."
"I am 100 percent an exhibitionist…" confirms Skyy Knox. "I was born to be on stage or in front of a camera - it's where I can open up, express myself, and really be free. I enjoy sex in every way you can imagine. Sex is more than just fucking for me - it's pure passion and art mixed together. Whether I'm filming a scene, or doing a live sex show, I'm giving my whole body and energy so that everyone can enjoy what I do."
Fuelling the fantasy
Another thing that might get you going is the sexual connection that you're having with the guys who are watching you.
"I love it when people watch me…" says Kan Rojas. "It excites me a lot to know that people feel pleasure when they're watching me, that they're fantasising about doing things with me."
"There's this inherent camaraderie in that non-verbal exchange of a red-light bar that really gets me going …" says Cody Winter. "All the more-so when it's you and your partner getting a group worked up."
A bit of BDSM?
"What excites me the most in exhibitionism is humiliation…" explains Yoshi Kawasaki. "The sense of someone else watching me getting nasty and sleazy or getting used is a big part of the turn-on. That's why I love doing porn, because I know that thousands of people will be watching me going fully dirty."
It's possible that your love of exhibitionism is fuelled by the naturist appeal of getting naked in the great outdoors.
"I love being observed, and I love to know that people appreciate my hard work and performance…" says Gabriel Phoenix. "At the same time, I find being naked so liberating – I'm a free-spirited lad, I'm naked 90 percent of the time, regardless of whether there's an audience. I particularly like getting naked outdoors in nature - I take any opportunity I can to shed my clothing and reconnect."
Are you into a bit of exhibitionism?
What is it about exhibitionism that turns you on? Do you like being exposed? Do you want people to watch?
What's your ultimate public exposure or exhibitionist fantasy? How far would you go?
What about being naked in public – does that turn you on? You're naked, and everyone else is wearing clothes. Or maybe everyone is naked. Does that scenario push your buttons?
Are all porn stars exhibitionists?
We caught up with some of our favourite adult entertainers and asked how they got their start in the industry and whether exhibitionism played a part in their jouney.
Jason Morgan
"I've always been a big porn guy – I started looking at Google Images when I was in 7th and 8th grade. By high school, I started exploring videos. As I got older, I've always thought that it would be cool to try porn out."
"It was actually my brother, Justin, who wanted to do it for real. He was talking to a few guys online."
"When we were moving to Portland, in Oregon, I met a guy who occasionally films for Treasure Island Media and he encouraged us both to apply. Once people found out we were twins, we decided to do it together. After that, it kind of took off."
"I'm happy I get to experience this with my twin brother – it makes things a little more comfortable, because we're not alone. It's been fun and exciting so far."
Dillon Diaz
"In general, it was easier than I'd anticipated. You're never asked to do anything that you're not willing to do, and if you need to take a break then no one is going to say no. Obviously, we all want to film a great scene as efficiently as possible, but if you need a break then all you need to do is say so. If something doesn't feel right or hurts, you stop, regroup, change position if necessary, and continue filming until it looks and feels right."
Joel Someone
"Charged Media was the first studio to give me a chance – that's who gave me my break. I wanted to work with them. I pursued them because that's what all of my escorting clients were watching – they weren't just watching clips on PornHub or something, they were all fully paid-up subscribers. I was drawn to the storytelling aspect of their productions, the characters – as an actor, that really appealed to me."
"When I tell people about what I do, I can feel them looking at me as if I've obviously made some bad choices. But this is exactly what I want to be doing. I do this because I love it. I don't have addiction issues. No one is taking advantage of me. This is the life I want."
Public sex?
What about having sex in public? Does that push your exhibitionist buttons? Do you like having an audience? Do you want people to watch? Or maybe you prefer to watch others?
What's your ultimate public sex fantasy? Do you want to be exposed as a total slut, or do you want to watch a guy being whored out for all the world to see?
Is wearing a kilt a turn-on for exhibitionists?
"I started wearing them several years ago, more out of interest than anything else – I'm not Scottish, I have Irish heritage…" explains our Twitter-buddy Sean, explaining how he developed his passion for kilts. "The kilt really appeals to me as an item of clothing on many levels — it's far more comfortable to wear than trousers, and also looks a hell of a lot smarter too. I always wear the sporran, kilt hose, and flashes with it — it's the complete look."
"The freedom of it is wonderful, and there's a real buzz about wearing a kilt — it gives me a lot of confidence, it's a bit like power-dressing. I get a lot of positive comments and compliments, from both men and women."
"Wearing a kilt feels very liberating. It's also the one item of clothing you can wear where it's almost expected that you're going to 'free' underneath — what's not to like about that?"
Richard Crowe – a case study in exhibitionism
We caught up with Richard Crowe for the story behind his latest photo-shoot.
How did this photo-shoot come about?
I saw a friend of mine featured on a tumblr site called Bear Hotel. It struck me as a great idea. Different models, photographed in various stages of undress, in hotel rooms, each given their own 'room number' on the site.
I really liked the concept, and the photographs themselves were amazing. Honest and open. It was clear that the photographer, Richard Cameron, had a real rapport with his models. Sometimes that doesn't happen and, as a model, you don't quite relax. After all, you're there with all your clothes off, he's hiding behind a pair of trousers and a camera. It's not always easy to just lie there and look pretty, or sexy, or just at ease with your own body.
I contacted Richard by email to volunteer my services which, luckily, were accepted
What contact or discussions did you have with the photographer ahead of the photo-shoot?
The main discussion was about when and where the photoshoot would happen. Diaries being what they are, it's often difficult to coordinate these things quickly.
Richard was familiar with some of my work, so questions about what I was prepared to do and how far I wanted to undress in front of the camera, were a bit redundant. I'm a full-frontal kind of guy and always have been.
The other key thing to establish — the contract between us if you like — was how far the resulting photographs would be distributed and related privacy issues — name, contact details and so on. I'm pretty easy when it comes to distribution — far and wide is my motto!
Did it matter to you where the photographs would be available?
I knew the photographs were for publication in Bear Hotel on two platforms, tumblr and Instagram. I also understood that anyone could download the photographs from there and use them for their own purposes or post them to other groups. All fine by me. I'm an exhibitionist.
How did you feel during the shoot itself?
It's interesting how my response to being photographed nude has changed over the years. It's been quite subtle in many ways.
I used to go into a shoot, take off my clothes and, if I didn't have an erection as my pants were coming off, I'd have one pretty soon afterwards. There was a direct association between being naked, being seen naked, and being sexually aroused. Even as recently as five years ago, there weren't many photo-shoots that didn't end without me masturbating — in full view and with the camera still clicking.
It's very rare now that I get an erection from just being seen naked. If a photographer wants me to be aroused, that's not a problem. But the stimulus of a hand or some visuals would now be required. Similarly, I'm not averse to masturbating for the camera — I still enjoy it.
But there is something far more relaxed and considered about being naked in a photo-shoot as I get older. Maybe that comes from my awareness that I'm not as sexually attractive as I was in my youth, that men look at my body differently. That I'm appreciated as much for simply daring to be naked as for my cock alone. No false modesty intended, comments on my photos from both younger guys seeking 'daddies' and older guys wanting 'love', confirm to me that I still have something in the sex appeal department.
But sex is not the obsession it was. Nudity for me, and being seen in the nude, is as much about moral freedoms and an insistence that bodies, whatever their age or gender, are beautiful, as it is about sex.
I suppose there's also something about the habitual here. I'm used to being naked in front of a camera. I relax very easily, especially with a photographer like Richard, who is laid back and natural. When the photographer himself is nervous and aroused by the situation, it's very difficult, as a model, to relax. Similarly, if the photographer is intense and broody or has little experience with the camera. You can never quite be sure who it is you're meeting or what their motive is.
In this instance, it was the element of surprise that aroused me and appealed directly to my exhibitionist self. The hotel room we were using for the photo-shoot overlooked Vauxhall Station and the main line into Waterloo. Trains stopped directly outside our window on a regular basis. We could see the people inside the railway carriages and, clearly, they could see us. Heads turned, fingers pointed, there were even a few smiles. If we closed the curtains, we lost the light. A good photographer will always prefer natural over flash. So, what were we to do? I didn't mind. I enjoyed the situation. Look all you want — or, if it offends you, look away.
What is it about being an exhibitionist that gives you a sexual thrill?
It's something to do with the contravention of ideas of public morality, privacy and freedom. The idea that hundreds of years ago some dried-up cleric interpreted the beautiful act of sex as something dirty to be refrained from wherever possible, to be punished for, is beyond belief. And yet that view is still prevalent in our attitudes to nudity today.
When I take off my clothes and show my naked body to the camera, when the resulting photographs are then posted online, copied and shared to other people and other sites, I am, therefore, committing an act of defiance. By rough calculation, images of my naked body have been seen by at least six million people, men and women. The fact I attach my name to that image, I believe, sends a message, loud and clear, to the world.
I do get off from being seen naked. There is a strong sexual motive inherent in my exhibitionism. I don't find that contradictory, nor do I find it hypocritical. It's sexually liberating to make one's private parts public, to accept that sex, erections, masturbation are beautiful, natural, God-given gifts to be enjoyed to the full. I love being watched masturbating and being seen naked. For most of my life, I've been as repressed and persecuted by that dried-up old cleric as everyone else.
What do you hope that other guys feel when looking at these photos?
Of course, I hope guys find my body attractive. I hope some look at me and feel aroused, are even moved to masturbate looking at me. I love it when guys write to me and tell me that's what they've done. Some even print off a photo of me naked, masturbate over it and send me a photograph of the result. That may seem weird to some, but it's a huge compliment to me and invariably gets me hard.
I get particular pleasure knowing some young guy has seen me naked and wants me to fuck him or visa versa. I really like the daddy thing, very sexy.
But I also hope some guys look at me and appreciate, even respect, what I'm doing on another level — that I look good, that I have balls, that I'm brave for doing what I do. Again, guys do write to me and say as much. They might add 'I wish I was brave enough to do the same'. I always reply, to every comment, even the bad ones.
I get called 'a queer' and 'a cunt' and 'fatty' and 'pervert'. I get derisive remarks about my belly, my arse, my face, my penis. I've been threatened with violence, with blackmail, and even with photographs sent to my local paper.
But on the whole, guys are very positive about what I do. I have a lot of fans and a lot of respect in the exhibitionist community. So long as that situation remains, the trolls can, frankly, go fuck themselves. I'm very happy just as I am.
Are you into watching amateur guys on cam? Do you like to put on a show?
What sort of guys do you like to watch on cam? Are you into amateur guys just looking for a bate buddy, or do you want someone who knows how to set up the camera and the lighting so they can give you a show?
Luke Loving Cock
We recently caught up with the amateur action of a guy who goes by the name of LukeLovingCock.
We asked LukeLovingCock to ask the big questions.
You've said that you're happy to get your cock out anywhere. What is it about being naked in public and having guys watching you that turns you on?
It's not so much about being naked, but that it feels so highly charged to be somewhere public and to engage with someone sexually – the risk is so horny.
I think it comes from growing up somewhere where you had to hide your sexuality, so it was all about looking for the signs – sex was all very undercover and furtive and full of anticipation.
Maybe that's why I now love being on the lookout and catching someone's eyes, seeing them staring at my bulge or noticing that I'm staring at theirs. I love that whole game of figuring out whether or not someone wants it, and then the risk of going further and further – letting my cock throb in my jeans, letting it peek out, or getting it out and stroking it while someone is giving it their full attention and knowing how turned-on they are. All of that is so horny for me.
Is cam-sex something that you're into?
Sometimes I'm into cam-sex. There's something very horny about being watched by a few people at once, setting up the camera at the right angle to show off my cock.
I usually position my camera so that it's filming from below, or from straight in front as I kneel on the ground, so that the cock is the main event. I'm looking at it on the screen too, so I make an angle where my cock looks good and big as I stroke it – I can get so hard like that.
I also love to shoot for a few people – seeing their comments really turns me on.
What sort of feedback do you get from the cock pics and jack-off vids that you post online?
I've been getting loads of comments from lots of different people – saying how they love how much spunk I produce, and asking if I eat special foods to produce a load like that. I can confirm that there are no special foods involved.
I squirt my biggest loads after edging for a while, or in some horny public situation. For me, it's all about the build-up.
What do you hope that guys feel when they're looking at your cock pics or watching your jack-off videos?
I guess what I really want is for them to be turned on. I want guys to be really turned on at the idea of some of the scenarios I've written in my profile. I mean, I get really turned on by those scenarios, so it's that shared fantasy that makes my cock really hard and builds those massive loads.
Johnboy77
Nothing beats watching horned-up guys giving it their best for the camera.
We caught up with johnboy77, who's based in Dublin, for a behind-the-scenes look at his online action.
When johnboy77 is performing for the camera, not only do we want to get up close and admire every inch of his impressive cock, but the volume of his explosive cum-shot is giving us goals.
"I like to jerk off on cam for people…" confirmed johnboy77, when we asked if he considered himself a bit of an exhibitionist.
Johnboy77 explained that he generally uses the same technique each time when he's jacking off – he's not mixing it up, he's found what works for him and he's sticking with it.
johnboy77 identifies as straight.
"In recent years, I've been drawn to watching gay porn…" explained johnboy77. "I love looking at cocks. Not long ago, I had my cock sucked off by a guy – I liked it."
Hraiy
"Cam-sex is great for being able to play with guys that would otherwise be too far away to meet…" explains Hraiy – one of the guys on Twitter that we follow hard. "I don't have any specific tricks I use for filming myself. I just set the camera up in whichever position I think makes me look best, and just take it from there."
These pics below from Hraiy definitely get our attention.
How do mail-order brides' sites work?
Word of the day: Gaydar
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Does monogamy have any relevance for today's gay men?
ManCrush: Pierre Fitch
Are you rocking a #GayTattoo?
What does it mean when a guy identifies as a bottom?

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Niamh Cusack reads the role of Hildegard of Bingen for The Telling. She has worked extensively in theatre, television and film. Most recently for stage Niamh appeared in the acclaimed National Theatre adaptation of The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time and Afterplay with Sheffield Theatres. Other recent stage credits include: Playboy of the Western World, Dancing at Lughnasa and Cause Célèbre(Old Vic), Women, Power and Politics (Tricycle), Andersen's English (Hampstead Theatre, UK tour and Old Vic), and Peter Hall's Portrait of a Lady(Theatre Royal Bath). On screen Niamh was recently seen in BBC2's The Best of Men and Richard Eyre's BBC adaptation of Henry IV Part II, as part of the Shakespeare history play mini-series The Hollow Crown. She is also well-known for Fallen Angel (ITV), Inspector Lewis (ITV), Midsomer Murders (ITV) and Heartbeat (ITV).


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Time to stop ignoring the climate threat to world heritage
The World Heritage list comprises more than 1,000 of our planet's most important natural and cultural heritage sites – and they are increasingly vulnerable to climate change.
Adam Markham Posted on 1 July 2019 0 Comments
The World Heritage list comprises more than 1,000 of our planet's most important natural and cultural heritage sites, but from the ancient city of Venice to the forests and rivers of Yellowstone National Park, these extraordinary places are increasingly vulnerable to climate change.
The 187 governments which have ratified the World Heritage Convention have promised to take action to address climate threats to these sites, but as with the same countries' Paris Agreement pledges, progress to date has been far too slow.
As an unprecedented early summer heatwave grips parts of Europe, and the worst wildfires in 20 years rage out of control in Spain, the annual meeting of the World Heritage Committee is beginning in Baku, in oil-rich Azerbaijan, on the shores of the Caspian Sea.
The meeting comes in the wake of the recent wake-up call issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) with its Special Report on 1.5°C.
The IPCC described how much worse a 2°C world is likely to be than if global temperature changes were limited to 1.5°C. For example, a further decline of 70-90 percent in coral reef is expected even at 1.5°C, but with a warming of 2°C, a shocking 99 percent of coral is expected to be lost.
There are 29 World Heritage reefs, including Australia's Great Barrier Reef, the Belize Barrier Reef, and in the US, the Papahānaumokuākea National Marine Monument in the Hawaiian archipelago. According to a 2017 UNESCO analysis, coral in 21 out of the 29 properties (79 percent) experienced severe or repeated heat stress during the previous three years.
Worsening wildfires and a global glacier meltdown
On land, the heat and fires gripping Europe this week are another sign of a shift in climate conditions and a "new normal' that will bring larger and more intense wildfires to many fire-prone parts of the globe soon.
For example, devastating wildfires in Australia's Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area came on the back of dramatic heat and drought in 2016, severely damaging unique fire-sensitive alpine and rainforests ecosystems. Fires hit again in 2019, endangering areas of slow-growing forests including King Billy pines, some of which are 1,000 years old.
As in Tasmania, one of the biggest threats to the Cape Floral region of South Africa with its extraordinarily rich plant endemism is the increased frequency and intensity of fires. In the US, western fire seasons have gotten at least 7 weeks longer since the 1970s, and we are seeing more large fires.
World Heritage glaciers too are under threat. According to a new study from IUCN, glaciers will completely disappear from many World Heritage sites within 80 years if current rates of greenhouse gas emissions continue unabated.
Of the 19,000 glaciers surveyed in 46 World Heritage properties, (9% of the total of the total of approximately 200,000 glaciers world-wide), almost two-thirds could be lost.
To be inscribed on the World Heritage List, a protected area must demonstrate Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) under at least one of ten criteria. World Heritage sites that are listed wholly for the value of their glaciers include the Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch and the transnational site that includes Glacier Bay and Wrangell/St. Elias National in the US, and Canada's Kluane National Park.
Ancient sites of the Mediterranean at risk
Yet more bad news comes from a 2018 study published in Nature Communications which looked at the risk from sea level rise and coastal erosion for 49 cultural World Heritage properties situated on low-lying coasts of the Mediterranean. The analysis showed that 96 per cent of the sites would be at risk by the end of the century, and most of them are already vulnerable.
Among the sites already at the highest risk today are the Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (Italy), the Kasbah of Algiers (Algeria), Tyre (Lebanon) and Délos (Greece). On the island of Délos – the mythical birthplace of the Greek god Apollo and a center of Greco-Roman culture, sea level rise is pushing salt water up through the porous limestone substrate and damaging stonework and marble in this remarkable archaeological World Heritage property.
Flooding and coastal erosion aren't the only climate threat to the Mediterranean. As elsewhere, wildfires, driven by heat and drought are increasing in the region, putting at risk World Heritage sites including the Old Town of Corfu and the monasteries of Mount Athos (Greece) and the Donana National Park in Spain.
Time for the World Heritage Committee to take action
Despite the clear and present danger that climate change represents for World Heritage sites across the globe, the World Heritage Committee has not responded to the scale or urgency of the problem.
For example, if a site comes under local or regional threat from, say, mining, a hydroelectric project or uncontrolled urban development, it can be added to the List of World Heritage in Danger, with the sanction of being taken off the list if the problems are not urgently addressed.
However, no similar mechanism exists for climate change. Nor is there even any formal requirement under the World Heritage Committee's current Operating Guidelines to assess climate risk or propose resilience or adaptation measures to address these risks when nominating a new site to the World Heritage list.
Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) will be at the Baku meetings this week, working with partners including the International Committee on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), World Heritage Watch, Historic Environment Scotland and Australia's James Cook University to propose new strategies and mechanisms by which the World Heritage Committee could effectively address climate change. The proposals include the adoption of a Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) for World Heritage properties.
Source: UCSUSA. Reproduced with permission.
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text:
Police remove 83 explosive devices from Barrie, Ontario home
By Arthur Weinreb Jul 20, 2012 in Crime
Barrie - After having been unable to be in their homes for a week, about 60 Barrie residents were allowed to return home after police removed explosives and other dangerous materials from a house and deemed the surrounding area to be safe.
Barrie Police Service gave the all-clear at 3:20 p.m. yesterday. Barrie police, together with the RCMP, the OPP, and the Ontario Centre for Forensic Sciences (CFS), had completed their week long work to render the property at 30 Virgilwood Crescent, safe for nearby residents to return to their homes.
The National Post reports investigators recovered and removed 83 improvised explosive devices (IEDs), chemicals, and 29 firearms that included rifles, shotguns, and a submachine gun. Thousands of rounds of ammunition were also found.
Some of the weapons found at 30 Virgilwood Crescent
Barrie Police Service
The items were found in the house at 30 Virgilwood Crescent as well as in an underground bunker located on the property.
CP24 reports the city of Barrie issued a permit in 1984 to construct the fallout shelter. Although no explosives were found in the bunker, 10 weapons were recovered. The underground structure was divided into two rooms and contained food, water, clothing, and two-way radios. The bunker had a toilet and a ventilation system.
Two men who lived at 30 Virgilwood Crescent were arrested on July 12 and face charges in a cold case going back almost 34 years. Donald Feldhoff, 54, was charged with first-degree murder in the death of 26-year-old Michael Traynor. William Feldhoff, 75, Donald's father, is facing one count of accessory after the fact.
Bunker at 30 Virgilwood Crescent, Barrie, Ontario
The Toronto Star reports Traynor's body was found on Oct. 2, 1978 in an isolated area north of Barrie. His hands were tied behind his back and he had been shot in the chest. His killing was described as a "gangland-style slaying." Traynor was last seen on Sept. 12, 1978 when he left a bar where he was drinking with friends.
Even though a reward was offered for information leading to the arrest and conviction of the killer or killers, police were unable to solve the murder until recently when the Ontario Provincial Police received new information. This led to surveillance on the house at 30 Virgilwood and the arrests of the father and son. Police are not releasing what they learned that led to the arrests in the case that remained unsolved for almost 34 years.
Although dangerous items have been removed from the Barrie home, police are continuing a search for other evidence at 30 Virgilwood. Father and son remain in custody and will likely face other charges in relation to the weapons and explosives.
The day after residents were allowed home, some were again told to leave. Police found more chemicals in the home forcing the second evacuation.
More about Improvised explosive device, Explosives, Cold Case, donald feldhoff, william feldhoff
Improvised explosive... Explosives Cold Case donald feldhoff william feldhoff michael traynor


text:
Alaska's First Cannery, Klawock
Date Posted: December 3, 2013 Categories: 49 History
By: Pat Roppel
George Hamilton built a salmon saltery at what became Klawock sometime around 1869. Sometime in late 1876, Hamilton disposed of his trading and fishing post to the San Francisco firm of Sisson, Wallace and Co. As a result, the first salmon cannery to operate in Alaska was built.
In December 1877, businessmen incorporated, under the laws of California, the North Pacific Packing and Trading Company. The incorporators were W. C. Lynde, A. W. Sisson, Clark W. Crocker, W. H. Wallace and Charles Land.
The main object of the new company was to can salmon and market it. Although Sisson, Wallace & Co. purchased the property, the articles of incorporation mentions the incorporators/owners individually. Amazingly, a copy survives at the California Historical Society in San Francisco.
The capital stock is listed as $100,000, divided into one thousand shares. However, the investors only purchased $21,000 worth of stock. It was typical to subscribe enough to start operations and if more money was needed, stock could be sold. George Hamilton's share is listed as 12.5 shares worth $1,250. This was payment for the property. James Healy had 12.5 shares, and the other eight investors had 25 shares. Names in the incorporation papers also list R. A. Wilson, J. M. Pike, and J. W. Egbert, undoubtedly the attorneys who drew up the papers. They owned no shares.
Who were these men who decided to risk money in an industry untried in a remote U.S. possession? I could not locate anything about Charles Land or James Healy. Lynde and Hough were the principal sales company for Pacific Coast cod. Not long after becoming involved with the Klawock company, Lynde and Hough purchased the American Russian Commercial Company's salmon saltery at Redoubt Lake near Sitka.
Since 1857, Crocker, Sisson, and Wallace were co-partners doing business under the name Sisson, Wallace & Co. in San Francisco. It was dealers in merchandise, owning general stores in places like Truckee. Crocker had also been a partner with his brother Charles Crocker, one of the Big Four that planned and constructed the Central Pacific Railroad that crossed the Sierra Nevada mountains to hook up with Union Pacific Railroad. Sisson, Wallace & Co. provided supplies for California's railroads during construction. The company procured Chinese laborers for railroad and construction companies. It undoubtedly provided the Chinese laborers at the Klawock cannery for the first year of operation.
In 1878, men unloaded over one hundred tons of freight from a coastal steamer in Klawock, shipped from California. A sawmill was set up and began to cut lumber to renovate Hamilton's saltery. Men installed machinery for curing, salting, boiling and canning salmon. The Chinese workers made 350,000 cans by hand. One report tells of over 150 people, including fishermen, working at the Klawock cannery that first year. Although a cannery in Sitka was constructed the same year, actual packing of salmon started later in the summer than in Klawock and the operation lasted but a short time. Thus, Klawock is considered the first cannery in Alaska.
The managers were optimistic about the number of cases of 24 cans that it could pack. Only 5,400 cases were filled – a use of 129,600 cans. This was twice as many cases as the cannery at Sitka.
The CALIFORNIA took the resulting pack to Astoria and Portland, Oregon for distribution by Lunde and Hough.
The salmon canning industry started in Alaska with infusion of money by San Francisco men who had been instrumental in development of California.
Not the original Klawock cannery, but a Klawock cannery, nonetheless. This is the Peratrovich cannery in 1936.
Image courtesy Pat Roppel.


text:
Calm Down, Turkey's Not Going to Invade the Balkans
President Erdogan's regular addresses to the Muslim and Turkish people of the Balkans are a soft power tactic that isn't any functionally different from the transnational outreach attempts that other forces engage in elsewhere across the world and on different ideological-identity pretexts.
The Alt-Media Community has once again been thrown into hysteria after one of President Erdogan's latest speeches where he addressed his fellow Muslim co-confessionalists and ethnic Turkish kin in the Balkans on the eve of what ended up being his country's monumental military victory in the northwestern Syrian town of Afrin. His words were reported on widely in the press and ominously framed in such a way as to imply that a similar operation might be commenced in Southeastern Europe one of these days as well, though nothing could be further from the case. The Balkan people are psychologically scarred by the centuries of Turkish occupation and have a reason to fear Ankara's aggression against them, but their historical experiences over the previous centuries might be blinding them to how much the world has changed since then.
The World Order
One of the mainstays of post-World War I International Relations, and especially the world order after the conclusion of the Second World War and the Cold War, has been the inviolability of national borders, and it was the Axis' aggressive undermining of this core tenet of stability that eventually led to the largest bloodletting in history. This is why the global community is so sensitive to anything that could be interpreted as hinting at this goal, and it's also why the only time that it's "accepted" is if it pertains to secessionist movements or internationally recognized legal unions of sovereign states. Saddam Hussein's invasion, occupation, and subsequent annexation of Kuwait was too reminiscent of Hitler for global comfort, while countless double standards have been applied in the cases of Kosovo, the former Georgian Republics of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, and Crimea's reunification with Russia.
The point being made is that the forceful absorption of one country's territory into another's by means of the incorporating state's conventional military is universally frowned upon and technically illegal under international law, though the latter doesn't matter much so long as there's no real political will among the UNSC to collectively enforce this statute against the offending country. Turkey is obviously well aware of this reality and therefore has no intention of waging a massive war against a coalition of Balkan countries like it did a century ago, after which it would probably have to ethnically cleanse the native Christian non-Turkish population from any prospectively conquered regions prior to their annexation by what could then be described as the "Neo-Ottoman Empire". It doesn't make sense for Turkey to go through all of this "trouble" in the Balkans if it's not even interested in doing this through the comparatively easier scenario that just presented itself in northwestern Syrian region of Afrin.
Making Sense Out Of The Syrian Scenario
The Turkish Armed Forces assisted their FSA proxies in capturing this Kurdish-controlled city, but Ankara has been adamant that it has no desire whatsoever to annex it to Turkey. The government's statement that it won't return Afrin to the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) shouldn't have been surprising because Ankara has always endeavored to carve out a sphere of influence in northern Syria, but this in and of itself doesn't equate to an "annexation" like its critics have alleged. If Turkey wanted to, though, it could certainly experiment with this scenario prior to perfecting it for use in the Balkans, but it's clearly abstaining from doing so for reasons that are understandable. No country wants to be bothered by securing newly acquired territory and suppressing a population that doesn't want to join the neighboring state, nor does that government want to be financially responsibility for their affairs either.
In this day and age, it's much more effective to leverage soft power and indirect means of influence in exerting one's sway abroad than to do so directly through military means. This explains why Turkey is resorting to proxy measures for securing northern Syria after driving out the Kurdish terrorists. As it relates to the Balkans and President Erdogan's regular addresses to its Muslim and Turkish minorities, all that he's doing is virtue signaling in a way that's appealing to them and doing his utmost to maximize his country's soft power. At the end of the day, it needs to be objectively acknowledged that those demographics are in the Balkans as a legacy of the centuries-long Ottoman occupation, and that Turkey rightly recognizes them as key instruments of influence inside of their host countries. Just like the Russian population in the post-Soviet republics, the Muslim-Turkish one shouldn't be automatically equated with being "fifth columnist".
Fear Mongering About "Fifth Columnists"
To elaborate a bit more, the post-war division of territory after any given conflict isn't always "perfect", especially in the sense of carving out "pure" nation-states, and many countries have "inherited" various ethno-religious and regional minorities through this means. Sometimes an entity embraces its identity diversity like the Russian Empire did (which served as a springboard for geographic expansion further afield at the time) whereas others like post-coup Ukraine have nothing but contempt for its non-titular peoples. The end of World War I saw population exchanges between Greece and Turkey, but not between Turkey and the other Balkan states, which is why some of the remaining Muslims and Turks didn't leave the new countries that they ended up finding themselves in after this conflict. To be fair, ethnic Germans in Czechoslovakia and ethnic Belarussians & Ukrainians in the interwar Second Polish Republic were also in a similar position, et al.
It's just as natural for a Turkish leader to address the minority groups in the Balkans who identify more closely with his country (whether right or wrong) as it is for a Russian leader to do the same in the countries of the Near Abroad. Transcending ethnicity, many religious leaders throughout the world do the same thing when speaking to their co-confessionals, whether they're Jews, Christians, Muslims, Buddhists, or Hindus, for example. Not only that, but ideology is also used in soft power outreaches too, such as when communists and capitalists tried to spread their message during the Old Cold War or when proponents of unipolarity and multipolarity attempt to do the same in the New Cold War. Furthermore, the internet has made it much easier to practice soft power than ever before, thereby "decentralizing" it away from its prior state monopoly and enabling a variety of non-state actors to experiment with it.
Debunking The Double Standards
One can argue about whether this is a "good" or "bad" development, but it's nevertheless indisputable that soft power has become a defining characteristic of the contemporary world order. Every actor engages in this for their own reasons, and in the Turkish case, it may very well be because its government feels like the internationally recognized borders are morally illegitimate because they were imposed after military defeats and enforced by foreign powers. This same argument can be modified in explaining why some Russians feel similarly about how the post-Soviet borders separated them from their ethno-religious kin in the Near Abroad, and the historical extreme of this attitude be seen in Bolivia agitating for the return of its maritime border through what is nowadays northern Chile and Mexican ultra-nationalists claiming that the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo should be scrapped.
The only way that any of this can be changed is through legal means or forceful ones, both of which are difficult to pull off for their own reasons. Exceptions exist, but as the saying goes, "the exception proves the rule", and that's why Pandora's Box has yet to be fully opened in the sense of countries waging Hobbesian "wars of consolidation" against each other. Depending on the historical benchmark that one sets, the case can generally be made that some portion or another of most countries' territory was previously under the control of another entity, and it's precisely because of the impossibility of setting a single standard for how far back any territorial revisionism should go that no responsible actor seriously wants to entertain this possibility. That's not to say that there aren't any forces who have this goal in mind, but just that it's not as simple as drawing a line on a map, moving in one's military and administrative representatives, and seamlessly incorporating the new territory.
Turkey has no desire to try this against the Balkan countries that are mostly comprised of civilizationally dissimilar (i.e. Christian non-Turkish) populations if it won't even take a shot at doing so against the neighboring Mideast ones where its military forces are already active and which have Muslim Turkish minorities living in the border region. This "inconvenient fact" debunks the "alternative reality" (alt-reality) that some Alt-Media pundits and outlets have been fear mongering about, one which is more influenced by the "populist" "Turkophobia" of their intended Turkish-neighboring audiences (Armenians, Greeks, etc.) and fellow sympathizers abroad than any objective facts or logical thought. The legacy of Turkish rule hangs heavy over the minds of all non-Muslim and non-Turkish Balkan people, which is why it's very easy for them to be manipulated into thinking that the "Sultan" is just a split-second away from deciding to invade their countries once again and force their people to submit to Islam.
It's not the fault of the regional audience for reacting to these scare tactics because the blame lays squarely in the lap of those who invented this narrative for their own purposes, be it in rallying the targeted population for whatever their reason may be and/or in smearing Turkey as an "aggressive, Hitler-like, Islamo-fascist state". The topic of territorial revisionism – especially in regards to post-war borders – is an ultra-sensitive one that must be approached with the utmost caution and objectivity, since the subjective judgements of "right/moral" and "wrong/immoral" don't necessarily apply in a Neo-Realist world where power and interests trump values and ethics. Holding the position that Mexico is entitled to all of the territory that it lost to the US after only a few decades of independence but not feeling the same about the land that Turkey forfeited after centuries of occupation is a red flag that someone is exercising double standards in order to advance an agenda, for example.
In the same vein, supporting secular forces and principles in non-secular countries such as Saudi Arabia or Iran yet condemning Turkey's soft power outreaches to its ethno-religious supporters abroad is another sign of hypocrisy because it denies Ankara the same right to do what others are in different contexts. The bottom line is that the exercise of soft power is here to stay and that its influence is only growing, and while there are cases where its practice might portend future problems (e.g. NGOs "spreading democracy" inside of China or Wahhabis proselytizing in Europe), there are also others where the actual "threat" is largely imaginary but manipulatively triggered by third-party forces taking advantage of recent history (e.g. fear mongering about President Erdogan's outreaches to Muslims by invoking the Ottoman occupation of the Balkans, and doing the same with Russians and Russian media in the Near Abroad by obsessing over the Soviet experience).
Turkey isn't going to invade the Balkans just like Russia won't invade the Baltics even though both Great Powers have legitimate soft power reasons for interacting with their targeted audiences there, but most of Alt-Media and Mainstream Media respectively are relying on hyped-up threats of an "impending invasion" to advance their own interests, with the common casualty being the objective truth in both infowar instances.
By Andrew Korybko
Source: Oriental Review
Syria Is Now Like the Balkans in 1914
From the Caucasus to the Balkans, China's Silk Roads Are Rising
Turkey, Russia and Interesting New Balkan Geopolitics
How West, Central and South Asia Are Interconnecting
Indonesia Potentially Set to Take on China and Claim Leadership of 'Moderate' Islam
Turkey Pivots to the Center of the New Great Game
Serbia Becomes Hub for Russia's Gas Distribution in the Balkans
Turkey Gambles in Bid to Rival China as a Key Supply Chain Node
Rethinking Alliances in Eastern Mediterranean
BalkansTurkey
The World According to John Bolton… In His Own Words
Why the World Is a More Dangerous Place Today Than It Was During the Cold War


text:
Nevsun Recommends Shareholders Take No Action in Response to Lundin Mining's Announcement
Nevsun Resources Ltd.
VANCOUVER, July 17, 2018 /CNW/ - Nevsun Resources Ltd. (TSX: NSU) (NYSE MKT: NSU) (Nevsun or the Company) today acknowledged the news release issued by Lundin Mining Corporation ("Lundin") stating that it may make a formal offer to acquire Nevsun. Nevsun advises shareholders that no formal offer has yet been made, and recommends that shareholders take no action in response to Lundin's announcement.
Said Peter Kukielski, Nevsun's President & Chief Executive Officer: "This latest announcement from Lundin continues to ignore the fundamental value of Nevsun and its assets. Despite the progress we have made in enhancing Nevsun's value, Lundin's notional takeover offer represents only a 13% premium to Nevsun's closing trading price of C$4.21 per share on the TSX on July 16, 2018, and only a 9.1% premium to the volume weighted average trading price of Nevsun's shares over the 30 days ended July 16, 2018."
Added Mr. Kukielski: "Since Lundin first expressed interest in Nevsun, we have released a pre-feasibility study (PFS) for the Timok Upper Zone with an after-tax NAV of US$1.82 billion, received a critical exploration decline construction permit in February, began construction in May, and in June released an initial inferred resource for the Timok Lower Zone containing 31.5 billion pounds of copper and 9.6 million ounces of gold. At the same time we have extended the mine life at Bisha through 2022, adding 3.3 million tonnes of high-grade ore to the mill, resulting in additional payable production of 470 million pounds of zinc and 52 millions pounds of copper over this time frame. The work we have been doing has also been noticed by several strategic parties that have expressed an interest in participating in the development of Timok."
Nevsun confirms that it has not received any additional information on the proposed offer by Lundin other than what was publicly disclosed in its press release issued on July 16, 2018. The last Lundin expression of interest dated July 3, 2018 re-affirmed its interest in pursuing a transaction at C$5.00 per Nevsun share, funded in cash and Lundin shares. Today's publicly announced intent to make an offer is C$0.25 per Nevsun share (or 5%) below this latest formal communication.
Should a formal offer be received, the special committee of independent Nevsun directors (the "Special Committee") would consider it with its advisors before making a recommendation to Nevsun's Board of Directors and Nevsun's shareholders. If Lundin makes a formal offer on July 27, 2018 (as indicated in its news release) Nevsun shareholders would have a minimum of 105 days, or until November 9, 2018, to respond.
Nevsun reminds shareholders that Lundin has previously made highly conditional confidential non-binding offers to Nevsun but has never presented a binding offer to Nevsun or its shareholders. In spite of this, the Company has, in good faith, openly and continually engaged with Lundin. Consistent with its fiduciary duties, Nevsun's Board of Directors remains open to any transaction that is in the best interest of the Company.
Counsel for Nevsun's Special Committee is Borden Ladner Gervais LLP. The Special Committee's independent financial advisor is Citi. Counsel for the Company is Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP. The Company's financial advisor is BMO Capital Markets.
Qualified Persons Statement
The technical content of this press release was previously disclosed in a News Release by the Company dated March 28,2018 titled "Nevsun Advances Timok Upper Zone Copper-Gold Project with Release of Robust PFS" and was reviewed by the associated Qualified Persons ("QPs") listed below for specific aspects of the PFS as defined by the National Instrument 43-101.
Mining & Mineral Reserves– Jarek Jakubec SRK Vancouver
Mineral Processing – Mick Bunyard - Hatch
TSF – Mihajlo Samoukovic, Knight Piesold Vancouver
Infrastructure, Capital & Operating Costs- Mark Sucharda, Hatch
Economic Evaluation – Robert Duinker, Hatch
Each of the individuals listed above are independent QPs for the purposes of NI 43-101. All scientific and technical information in this press release in respect of the Timok Project or the PFS is based upon information prepared by or under the supervision of those individuals.
As disclosed in the Company's news release dated June 26, 2018, the initial inferred resource for the Timok Lower Zone contains 1.7 billion inferred tonnes grading 0.86% copper and 0.18g/t gold containing 31.5 billion pounds of copper and 9.6 million ounces of gold.
The above contains certain statements that are deemed forward-looking statements or forward-looking information within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and applicable Canadian securities laws. Forward-looking statements are frequently, but not always, identified by words such as "expects", "anticipates", "believes", "hopes", "intends", "estimated", "potential", "possible" and similar expressions, or statements that events, conditions or results "will", "may", "could" or "should" occur or be achieved. Forward-looking statements are statements concerning the Company's current beliefs, plans and expectations about the future, including but not limited to statements and information made concerning whether Lundin will make a formal offer for all of the shares of Nevsun and the terms and conditions of an such offer, the business, prospects and future activities of, and developments related to the Company, goals, strategies, future growth and other events or conditions that may occur in the future, and are inherently uncertain. The actual achievements of the Company or other future events or conditions may differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements due to a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors, including, without limitation, the risks more fully described in the Company's Annual Information Form for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (the "AIF") and the Company's management discussion and analysis for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (the "MD&A"), which are incorporated herein by reference. The Company's forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs, expectations and opinions of management on the date the statements are made and the Company assumes no obligation to update such forward-looking statements in the future, except as required by law. For the reasons set forth above, investors should not place undue reliance on the Company's forward-looking statements.
Further information concerning risks and uncertainties associated with these forward-looking statements and our business can be found in our AIF and MD&A, which are available on the Company's website (www.nevsun.com), filed under our profile.
About Nevsun Resources Ltd.
Nevsun Resources Ltd. is the 100% owner of the high-grade copper-gold Timok Upper Zone and 60.4% owner of the Timok Lower Zone in Serbia. The Timok Lower Zone is a partnership with Freeport-McMoRan Exploration Corporation ("Freeport"), which currently owns 39.6% and upon completion of any feasibility study, Nevsun Resources Ltd. will own 46% and Freeport will own 54%. Nevsun generates cash flow from its 60% owned copper-zinc Bisha Mine in Eritrea. Nevsun is well positioned with a strong debt-free balance sheet to grow shareholder value through advancing Timok to production.
"Peter Kukielski"
Peter Kukielski
SOURCE Nevsun Resources Ltd.
For further information: David Jan, Nevsun Investor Relations, Tel: +1 604 623 4700, Toll free: 1 888 600 2200, Email: [email protected], Website: www.nevsun.com


text:
Eponym, též eponymos (z řeckého dávající jméno), je skutečná nebo smyšlená osoba, jejíž jméno bylo dáno rodině či rodu, etnické skupině, objevu, vynálezu, místu, věci apod. Ve starověkých Aténách byl Eponymos první archón, po němž byl pojmenován běžný rok.

Eponymní úředníci
První eponymní úředníci byli údajně v Asýrii již ve druhém tisíciletí před naším letopočtem.

Ve starověkých Athénách byli voleni archonti, z nichž nejvyšším byl archón Eponymos, podle kterého byl nazýván daný rok – např. rok 594 př. n. l byl pojmenován po Solónovi.

Ve starověkém Římě byli eponymní úředníci nazýváni konzuly.

Další eponyma
Eponymové a eponyma se vyskytují v názvech etnik a sociálních skupin lidí. Ve starověkém Řecku byli Dórové pojmenováni podle Dora tak jako Češi  odvozují své jméno od praotce Čecha.

U geografických názvů jsou eponymové také běžní, týká se to měst i vesnic, zemí, ale třeba také celých kontinentů.

Ve vědě a technice se používají také: v systematice – Latimérie, kůň Převalského; v biologii – Purkyňovy buňky; ve fyzice – Charlesův zákon, Ångström; v technice – Kaplanova turbína; v architektuře – dórský sloh.

V umění se za eponyma považuje hlavní hrdina v názvu knihy nebo díla, ale také umělec, podle kterého nese dílo svůj název.

Termín se užívá také v přeneseném významu pro zástupnou postavu nebo příběh, jak je běžné ve starověké a mytické literatuře. Například biblický příběh Jákoba Izraele je eponymem pro příběh celého Izraele jako lidu.

Jan Evangelista Purkyně
Patrně nejfrekventovanějším českým eponymem je Jan Evangelista Purkyně.
 Purkyňovy buňky – velké nervové buňky neurony v kůře mozečku, jejichž axony vedou k jádrům centrálního mozečku
 Purkyňova vlákna – součást převodního systému srdečního, spec. buňky vedoucí vzruch v srdečních komorách
 Purkyňovy obrazy – sítnicové vnímání stínů krevních cév
 Purkyňův jev – posuv maxima citlivosti oka při přechodu denního světla k soumraku směrem ke kratším vlnovým délkám
 Purkyňův následný obraz – druhý pozitivní následný obraz v posloupnosti vizuálních následných obrazů pocházejících z krátkého světelného stimulu, který se zřetelně objevuje jako barevně komplementární k originálnímu počitku

Zajímavosti
 Jeden z českých eponymů je Georg Joseph Kamel, podle kterého byly pojmenovány kamélie.
 Slova mající své eponymy: kolt, Adidas, žiletka, sendvič, gilotina, bojkot, lynčování, lux, pišingr, tep atd.

Odkazy

Reference

Související články
 apelativizace
 etymologie
 eponymní album
 metonym
 archonti

Externí odkazy

Onomastika
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Home/_GERMANY SLIDER/Germany: How we motivate our children to take their education seriously — Desmond Beddy, founder of AYEA
Desmond John Beddy, founder of the initiative, speaking at AYEA 2018/ Femi Awoniyi/AfricanCourierMedia
Germany: How we motivate our children to take their education seriously — Desmond Beddy, founder of AYEA
The African Youth Education Awards (AYEA) is an initiative to promote higher educational achievements among youth in African-origin communities in Germany.
Every year, young people who have excelled in their educational and training careers are honoured with AYEA at a colourful ceremony in Hamburg.
AYEA was initiated in 2010 to act against the observed low educational attainment levels of African-origin youth, which has been partly blamed on lack of motivation.
To tackle this underachievement, the scheme also encourages successful African professionals, including lawyers, doctors, teachers and technicians, to mentor youths. It's believed that positive role models from within their own communities will inculcate a higher sense of self-efficacy in the youths and push them to achieve their potential.
The winners of AYAE 2019 in a group photograph/Photo: Tabography
Moreover, the founders of AYAE are convinced that raising the aspirations of Black youth would enable them to make an even greater contribution – socially, economically, culturally and politically – to Germany.
AYAE has received positive recognition not only among German government officials but also African diplomatic representatives in the country.
In an exclusive interview with the Ghanaian-born Desmond John Beddy, founder of AYEA and President of TopAfric e.V., a non-governmental organisation, he talks about the scheme.
How did it all begin?
As of 2010, according to the Federal Statistics Office, only about 3 per cent of Africans had received a tertiary education or successfully learnt a vocational or technical trade in Germany. The ratio among native Germans who had studied or learnt a trade was about 25 per cent.
So, the figures showed that we had a problem to which we must find a solution.
What did you find was responsible for the situation?
We observed that role models and motivation were missing, and this was mostly responsible for the situation. This is what gave birth to AYEA in 2010.
What gave you the confidence that you could positively affect the situation?
We were encouraged by the fact that about 30 per cent of Cameroonians in Germany are considered highly educated. If Cameroonians could obtain an education, others can.
Moreover, quality education is available in Germany; accessing education is not a problem and, above all, it is almost free.
Has the situation changed today?
We bring medical practitioners, professors, lawyers, engineers, diplomats, actors and successful businesspeople of African origin together with children from vulnerable homes.
A cross-section of guests at AYAE 2019. The annual event is one of the most prestigious in the African community in Germany/Photo: Tabography
The perspectives of these children change for ever as they see that Black people can be, and are, successful in a wide range of careers.
We have not only succeeded in organising the AYEA annually in Hamburg since then, but we have also succeeded in raising awareness of education in the various communities.
What are the major challenges confronting African students in Germany?
Though there are common challenges faced by the students, one must categorise the students as those coming directly from Africa, from wealthy homes and poor homes, and those born in Germany or brought here at an early age.
The problems include the difference in climate for newcomers; the winter season is a horror. Loneliness is also an issue; racism was not known to most of these students until they arrived in Germany.
Language deficiency is mostly a problem for first-degree students, along with cultural adaptation and ICT deficiency, especially for those from poor homes who have had no access to computers of their own.
Financial problems exist; some have to work full-time to take care of their basic needs, while some do not find jobs and thus depend on good Samaritans.
The most disturbing observation is that those born and bred in Germany look down on those coming directly from Africa. They are programmed to think that because these are not educated in Germany and cannot speak German fluently, they are inferior.
What can the state still do to support children with a migration background due to their peculiar challenges?
Personally, I think we focus too much on what others can do for us, rather than what we can do for ourselves.
We should be able to mobilise resources, both capital and human, within before looking outside. If you identify your challenge as lack of motivation and lack of role models, you first and foremost have to seek assistance from within. However, unfortunately, this has never been the case.
Desmond John Beddy (right) with an official of the City of Hamburg at an AYEA event. The initiative has received deserved recognition not only among African diplomats in Germany but also German government circles/ Photo: Tabography
All we seek to do is to expose our kids to the successful people in our communities. The kids get to see and understand that they are also capable when they put in some effort! Sincerely speaking, the state cannot be responsible for this.
My only grouse with policymakers is that they do not involve or ask for the opinion of migrants when taking decisions affecting migrants. The attitude of "doing it for them" has never yielded the desired results. We [community activists] are with the people daily and know their needs.
READ ALSO Book: Ghanaians in Germany – Past, Present and Future
The needs of migrant communities are not the same all over; the Chinese, the Turks and Ghanaians in Germany will not have the same problems, nor take the same approach in addressing their challenges.
How much of an obstacle is racism to the progress of Africans in Germany?
Racism is a problem in Germany. Until recently, the political leaders refused to accept that it exists. As people of colour, we face racism daily in schools, universities, when visiting our private doctor, in our workplaces or when seeking jobs. Far-right violence has been increasing, and most often, the culprits go unpunished or are not punished severely.
One can conclude that racism is institutionalised in Germany, thus making it difficult to fight, especially against those who hide in their offices under the pretext of doing their work diligently.
For far too long we have waited on the system to liberate us, and I don't think this will happen soon.
The most effective means of fighting the cancer is through political and economic empowerment.
What are the challenges facing the initiative?
We need funding to take care of the ever-increasing administrative work, to plan and organise the event, and coordinate and publish the yearly AYEA Magazine.
We need to expand the award categories to include the best Master's and PhD students. We need regional partners to send their best students every year to Hamburg. We need to expand the selection committee.
We would like to keep track of each enrolled student's progress in school. Tackle any difficulties that might be hindering them from attending or finishing school, help them to make the right decisions as to what to study, keep records of all enrolled students in the higher education system in Germany. Help them with petty hindrances which might develop into bigger problems and help them with petty cash issues.
We need to work on these issues; otherwise, initiatives such as AYEA could die quickly without the support of state institutions and foundations.
[AYEA was started by Lawyer Assignon K. Akakpo (Togo), Lawyer Iyare Imasi (Nigeria), Ba Hawa Fofana (Mali) and Desmond John Beddy from Ghana with the support of TopAfric Radio presenters. There are more than 40 community leaders – from Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Togo, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Germany, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Cameroon, Zambia, Ivory Coast, Romania, Benin and the Caribbean – who plan and implement the yearly event]
More about African Youth Education Awards at www.ayeawards.de
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Off the coast of Brittany lies the gorgeous French Island of Belle Île, famed for its relationship with renowned artists and performers who became inspired by its natural beauty of serene ambience. Celebrated actress Sarah Bernhardt eloquently summed up her reasons for loving the island, by saying 'I love Belle Île for its solitude, its silence, its wildness, its fisherfolk, its transparent grey-green sea, its sky, now blue, now black...for the dreams, the ideals and the beauty that I find there.' The island has captured the imagination of travellers over the years, drawing people back again and again with its inspiring scenery alongside its rich history and heritage.
One of Belle Île's main attractions is the island's incredible natural landscape, where craggy rock faces meet crashing ocean waves and tranquil beaches stretch along stunning coastlines. The coastline is home to a range of rare plant species and nesting birds, which can be seen from the edge of the island. The community of Belle Île takes pride in conserving the local environment by protecting biodiversity, raising awareness and monitoring plant and animals species. The island also boasts a collection of historic architecture and ornate structures distributed throughout the region.
The church in Locmaria is the oldest religious building on the island, built during the 11th century and renovated in the 17th century in a traditional Romanesque style. The church once attracted pilgrims from across the world, coming to thank Notre-Dame de Bois Tors, which translates to Our Twisted Lady of the Wood.
Erected in 1836, the Grand Phare Lighthouse stands 52 metres tall with a granite and iron staircase consisting of 213 steps. Visitors are welcome to climb to the top of the lighthouse and those who do are rewarded with extraordinary panoramic views of the island.
This jagged rock formation situated off the coast of the island gained fame after it was depicted in one of the prominent French artist Claude Monet's paintings. The waves around these rocks often swell to form dramatic displays, which are worth seeing whilst staying in Belle Île.
The island contains a range of first rate cafes, bistros and restaurants at which tourist at locals can find exquisite meals. Belle Île's restaurants serve authentic French cuisine as well as a range of international dishes. Many of the island's restaurants also offer spectacular views, looking out over Belle Île's beautiful natural landscape.


The are 12 dormant gene codes in the human DNA corresponding to 12 of the 15 Star Crystal Seals are individually referred to as Genetic Time Codes, Codes of Transmutation or Fire Codes.
The 12 dormant DNA codes correspond to 12 Star Crystal Seals and each code carries the frequencies and light spectra contained within the Star Crystal Seal.
Through distortions within the DNA Seed Codes, the Fire Codes of the Silicate Matrix break down and can no longer function.
Without operational Fire Codes, the body becomes locked within its dimensional space-time location.
The Fire Codes of the Silicate Matrix are restored to function through correcting distortions within the DNA Seed Codes; as the Seed Codes are repaired, the Fire Codes reassemble.


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Viscount Courtenay, of Powderham Castle in the County of Devon, war ein erblicher britischer Adelstitel in der Peerage of Great Britain.

Verleihung und Geschichte des Titels
Der Titel wurde am 6. Mai 1762 für Sir William Courtenay, 3. Baronet geschaffen. Bereits 1735 hatte dieser von seinem Vater Sir William Courtenay, 2. Baronet (1676–1735) den im Februar 1645 in der Baronetage of England für seinen Urgroßvater William Courtenay (1628–1702) geschaffenen Titel Baronet, of Powderham Castle in the County of Devon, geerbt.

Seinem Enkel, dem 3. Viscount, bestätigte am 14. Mai 1831 das Committee for Privileges and Conduct des House of Lords, dass er der berechtigte Erbe seines Ur-ur-ur-urgroßonkels sechsten Grades Edward Courtenay, 1. Earl of Devon († 1556) sei und bestätigte ihm den Titel 9. Earl of Devon, sowie rückwirkend seine Vorfahrenlinie als de iure-Earls.

Beim kinderlosen Tod des 3. Viscounts erlosch die Viscountcy. Das Earldom und die Baronetcy fielen an den Enkel eines Bruders des 1. Viscounts, William Courtenay als 10. Earl.

Liste der Viscounts Courtenay (1762)
 William Courtenay, 1. Viscount Courtenay, de iure 7. Earl of Devon (1709/1710–1762)
 William Courtenay, 2. Viscount Courtenay, de iure 8. Earl of Devon (1742–1788)
 William Courtenay, 9. Earl of Devon, 3. Viscount Courtenay (1768–1835)

Weblinks
 Leigh Rayment′s Peerage Page
 Devon, Earl of (E, 1553) bei Cracroft′s Peerage

Courtenay
Erstverleihung 1762


Fantastic opportunity to work for a leading Telecommunications Company in one of their retail stores based in Kendal.
Working a minimum of 20 hours you will be offered £9.12 per hour and on the job training.
This role is to start immediately until the end of April!
> You must like working with people!


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JBM Buses use Cummins ISB 5.9 G Helios & Cummins ISC 8.3 G280 for it's CNG variant whose emission level is compliant to BS4. Both of these have Automatic Transmission with in-built retarder. JBM Buses use Cummins ISBe 6.7 for it's Diesel variant.
Cummins ISB 5.9 G Helios CNG bus engine has a horse power of 230 hp @ 2800 RPM and a Torque of 678 Nm @ 1600 RPM. It has 6 cylinders, Vertical in line which is turbo charged and inter cooled. It has displacement of 5900 cc.
Cummins ISC 8.3 G280 CNG bus engine has a horse power of 280 hp @ 2400 RPM and a Torque of 1152 Nm @ 1400 RPM. It has 6 cylinders, Vertical in line which is turbo charged and inter cooled. It has displacement of 8300 cc.
Cummins ISBe 6.7 Diesel bus engine has a horse power of 281 hp @ 2300 RPM and a Torque of 1020 Nm @ 1200-1800 RPM. It has 6 cylinders, Vertical in line which is turbo charged and inter cooled. It has displacement of 6700 cc.


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2008 Nissan Navara D22 range
Alborz Fallah
Nissan will today unveil the new Navara D22 range, which will include both dual-cab and single-cab variants, at the Brisbane International Motor Show (check back for pictures from the show through out the day).
The line-up receives Nissan's new 2.5-litre turbo-diesel engine coupled to a five-speed manual transmission. There will be a choice of four-wheel drive dual cab and single cab models, as well as a two-wheel drive single cab for those not in need of off-road capability.
You might be thinking, well that doesn't look that new! And you're right, the only exterior change is the addition of a bonnet scoop for the new intercooled turbo-diesel engine.
The intercooled YD25 turbo-diesel engine produces 98kW at 3600rpm and 304Nm of torque from 2000rpm - this is down from the previous generation's 3.0-litre diesel that managed 110kW and 314Nm, although that was noticeably thirstier. In comparison the Navara D40's powerplant makes 126kW and 401Nm.
The new diesel engine is a 16-valve, double overhead cam with second-generation common rail technology for lower emissions and improved fuel economy. Nissan has also installed a variable nozzle turbocharger as well as a brand new balancer system for better refinement.
The added intercooler sits ahead of the radiator, allowing for better air intake and hence more power at lower range. The compression ratio is now 16.5 to 1.
As with the majority of the latest Diesel engines on offer from the Japanese, the D22's fuel economy is impressive. The 4x2 single cab drinks only 7.3L/100km, while the 4x4 single cab makes do with 9.1L/100km and the 4x4 dual cab ST-R comes in at 9.2L/100km.
Suspension is taken care of by double-wishbone and an anti-roll bar at the front, with the back-end riding on a solid rear axle with leaf springs and a limited slip differential. Towing capacity is 1500kg (braked) for the 4x2 and 2800kg (braked) for the 4x4.
The single 4x2 variant gets the basic essentials, with power steering, single in-dash CD player, air conditioning, dual front airbags and ABS as standard. Moving up, the 4x4 line-up starts with a base single cab DX from $30,690. An additional $500 will get you dual front airbags and front seatbelt pretensioners (highly recommended).
Going up to the dual cab ST-R variant, buyers will receive, in addition to the single cab equipment, standard dual front airbags with ABS, an alloy sports bar, side steps, front bucket seats and 16-inch alloy wheels.
4x2 single cab DX - $22,490
ST-R dual cab 4x4 - $38,490.
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Squeeeee! I cannot help myself... they look so darling, all of them together, Pumpkin Friends forever!
Kellie, Michal, and Adam hosted a pumpkin carving party. Plenty of tables, plenty of tools. BYOP!
Michael was brand new to this tradition, so Max gave him his best tips.
I was sure to collect seeds. Roasted pumpkin seeds are one of my favorite reasons for carving pumpkins at all! Besides serving pie and cider, Michal and Kellie roasted seeds for all of us, and everyone came with things like baked squash, fresh bread, cupcakes, and deviled eggs with olive spiders! Potluck is such a brilliant idea when friends are gathering. Everyone brings out their best.
Maria and Paul, devising their plans.
Michael, Max, and Alex... love the purposeful focus.
It was great having the space, the good tools, the smiles, the creative inspiration... even the weather was cooperating, with a chill in the air and fog rolling in.
Guests kept filing in throughout the evening. Great Jack O' Lanterns were being turned out, one after another. It's not easy getting my camera to take nice shots in the dark, so I regret I did not take more pictures. Olive Oyl and Popeye made an appearance, and the children were dashing every which way in the dark. Spirited play. Good memories.
Besides, my hands were full, first with carving out an owl, then eating roasted squash and pumpkin seeds... nomnomnom!
We brought all of the Jack O' Lanterns to the stairs, so we could capture the majesty and glow in one image.
They're fantastic. So effective and striking to see them all together. I'm going to carve ours tomorrow - it's all last minute this year!


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Captain America #157-159 (January-March 1973)
After the blockbuster story in the last four issues (starting here), the pace slows a bit for this three-parter, as the loose ends of Steve Rogers' time on the police force are tied up, and he goes through a surprising physical transformation. (No, not Cap-Wolf, not yet.)
The police commissioner summons Cap to an out-of-the-way location, and after fighting some thugs, sent by the mysterious Cowled Commander to keep him away, Cap gets the skinny, including suspicions about Sgt. Muldoon, one of the men he worked under as a patrolman.
In effect, he did give up his police identity in issue #152, but not formally. (Who wants to go through the exit interview with Human Resources?) Below he wonders why, which I take to be part of his ongoing quest to find meaning and purpose in a life that doesn't seem to be under his control.
An instant later, though, the building explodes, and soon the Falcon is on the scene, followed closely by Sharon Carter, both of whom who have heard the tune "Cap's Dead" before, but still tap their feet like it's the first time.
Before he can look for Cap, Sam is caught up fighting the Viper, a former advertising executive—I kid you not, my friends—who speaks in iconic ad slogans (iconic in 1973, at least). Writer Steve Englehart explains in his text piece in Marvel Masterworks: Captain America Volume Seven that fellow writer Steve Gerber pitched in on the second half of this issue, and Gerber was an "ad man" before becoming a comics writer, so… you can figure out the rest.
After fighting Sam and Redwing for a couple pages, Viper finally hits the Falcon with a poison dart…
…but unfortunately for him, someone makes his miraculous return, just in time. (Note the emphasis on the "invulnerable shield," which is emphasized more and more of late, with no explanation yet.)
It may be the easiest trick in the villain's book, but it still sets up a classic moral dilemma for Cap—"let me go or your friend dies"—albeit an easily resolvable one. (The only question is Cap's surprise that a villain would "bargain this way for a man's life." Is he new here?)
It does seem Cap trusted the Viper too much, though—and he pays for it.
As issue #158 opens, Cap struggles to reach the antidote, and Redwing seems to come to the rescue once again, but with his true companion unconscious on the ground, it's up to Cap and his legendary resolve and determination…
…which are described at length in the exposition below.
As if we had any doubt!
And after securing his own oxygen mask, he helps the passenger beside him with his…
…and he and Sam exhibit what we now call toxic masculinity, afraid to show any affection and gratitude "for they are men." (Get over it, fellas.)
When Cap visits Muldoon to ask how he can help with the investigation, the older man (physically, at least), reveals who he thinks is the real conspirator on the force, and without good reason!
Cap admirably keeps his cool and sets out to help Muldoon while protecting his identity—which the Space Phantom restored to him, behind the scenes of Captain America #113, as revealed in Avengers #107, to make him comfortable with his life (ha) so he could… well, just read the Avengers post and you'll find out. (Or maybe not… I'm not sure I've figured it out yet.)
But here comes the more interesting part: while breaking up a bank robbery, Cap realizes that he feels really good, but has no idea why.
Yes, Urkel, you did that.
But the strength boost doesn't last.
The "oh no!" was in response to seeing that his room had been ransacked by the police. All of this leads him to reconsider continuing as a police officer, before Muldoon and Patrolman Courtney jump him and capture him (enabled by Cap's current weakened state).
As issue #159 begins, the unconscious Cap's dream reflects his current identity crisis/existential malaise.
He wakes to find that Muldoon and Courtney have him tied up to try to get information out of him. They leave him alone for a minute to clear his head, which was definitely a mistake, because the switch flipped again on his energy.
Gee, what does this remind me of…
Soon, our two title heroes reunite to fight some C-list villains, and Cap gets a chance to show off his literary knowledge (as he has done before)…
…as well as his love of nursery rhymes.
The scene below is impressive, even if it is Extra-Strength Cap… and the exposition nails the extent of his heroism.
And just in case there is in any doubt, this is Extra-Strength Cap.
And Cap thinks he's figured out why. (He has, by all accounts, but I think it's reasonable to be skeptical about his self-diagnosis.)
Cap's newfound super-strength was one of those "it seemed like a good idea at the time" things that was gradually mentioned less and less until it is forgotten altogether (and is not revealed officially to have "worn off" until five years later in Captain America #218).
In the end, Cap and the Falcon capture the Cowled Commander, who in true Scooby-Doo fashion turns out to be Sergeant Muldoon, in an attempt to toughen up the police force, recently overrun with "weak sisters" (?), by creating a greater evil from them to rally against. (I did not see that coming.)
Captain America (vol. 1) #157, January 1973: Steve Englehart and Steve Gerber (writers), Sal Buscema (pencils), John Verpoorten (inks), Petra Goldberg (colors), Artie Simek (letters). (More details at Marvel Database.)
Captain America (vol. 1) #158, February 1973: Steve Englehart (writer), Sal Buscema (pencils), John Verpoorten (inks), Petra Goldberg (colors), Artie Simek (letters). (More details at Marvel Database.)
Captain America (vol. 1) #159, March 1973: Steve Englehart (writer), Sal Buscema (pencils), John Verpoorten (inks), Petra Goldberg (colors), Ann Scotto (letters). (More details at Marvel Database.)
All collected in: Captain America Epic Collection: Hero or Hoax?, Marvel Masterworks: Captain America Volume Seven
PREVIOUS ISSUE: Captain America #156 (December 1972)
ALSO THESE MONTHS: Avengers #107-108 (January-February 1972)
NEXT ISSUES: Captain America #160-162 (April-June 1973)
1973, Captain America (title), courage, determination, existential angst, Falcon, friendship, identity, meaning of life, moral dilemma, resolve, secret identity
Captain America #157, Captain America #158, Captain America #159, February 1973, January 1973, March 1973
Avengers #106-108 (December 1972-February 1973)
Captain America #160-162 (April-June 1973)
2 thoughts on "Captain America #157-159 (January-March 1973)"
John Morell says:
What caused Cap to gain super strength?
I always assumed it was either the Viper's venom, the antidote, or both, probably interacting with the super-soldier serum — I don't think it was ever clarified.