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Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry
Polish Academy of Sciences.
Pol.Cat.Club
Main research areas
Professor Tomasz Borowski
Employee since 2006
Head of the Group
E-mail: ncborows(at)cyf-kr.edu.pl
- Reaction mechanisms – theoretical studies
- Metalloenzymes with transition metal ions
- Reactions of dioxygen
- Protein crystallography
- Calculations of structure, energy and electronic properties with quantum chemistry (DFT) and hybrid (QM/MM) methods
- Molecular dynamics simulations with classical force fields
- Modelling enzyme-substrate complexes – molecular docking simulations
- Macromolecular crystallography
(2018) Professor of chemistry
(2009) Habilitated Doctor, Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow
(2003) PhD Thesis, Jagiellonian University, Krakow
(1998) MSc Thesis, Jagiellonian University, Krakow
Fellowships:
- 1998/1999 - 4-months TEMPUS fellowship, Italy, Bolonia University
- 2003-2006 - post-doc fellowship, Sweden, Stockholm University
- 2007 - 2-months DAAD fellowship, Germany, Free University in Berlin
Caleb R. Schlachter, Leily Daneshian, Jose Amaya, Vincent Klapper, Nicky Wybouw, Tomasz Borowski, Thomas Van Leeuwen, Vojislava Grbic, Miodrag Grbic, Thomas M. Makris, Maksymilian Chruszcz, "Structural and functional characterization of an intradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenase from the polyphagous spider mite herbivore Tetranychus urticae Koch", Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 107 (2019) 19-30
Roberta Aina, Pawel Dubiela, Sabine Geiselhart, Merima Bublin, Maurizio Bruschi, Christian Radauer, Christoph Nagl, Piotr Humeniuk, Riccardo Asero, Charlotte Gotthard Mortz, Christine Hafner, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Tomasz Borowski, "Distinct nsLTPs display different IgE-binding capacities which are affected by fatty acids binding", Allergy, European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 74 (2019) 827-831
Pawel Dubiela, Rebecca del Conte, Francesca Cantini, Tomasz Borowski, Roberta Aina, Christian Radauer, Merima Bublin, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, and Stefano Alessandri, "Impact of lipid binding on the tertiary structure and allergenic potential of Jug r 3, the non-specific lipid transfer protein from walnut", Scientific Reports, 9 (2019) 2007
Agnieszka Stańczak, Anna Miłaczewska, Tomasz Borowski, "Reaction mechanism between Cu(II)-enolate complex and O2 as a test case for methodology used in DFT computational studies", Journal of Molecular Modeling, 25 (2019) 122
A. Wójcik-Augustyn, A.J. Johansson, T. Borowski, "Mechanism of Sulfate Activation Catalyzed by ATP Sulfurylase - Magnesium Inhibits the Activity", Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 17 (2019) 770-784
A. Miłaczewska, T. Borowski, "On the reaction mechanism of an endoperoxide ring formation by fumitremorgin B endoperoxidase. The right arrangement makes a difference", Dalton Transactions, (2019) 16211-16221
T. Borowski, M. Szaleniec, "Challenges in Modelling Metalloenzymes", Transition Metals in Coordination Environments. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, 29 (2019) 503-525
A.M. Miłaczewska, E. Kot, J.A. Amaya, T.M. Makris, M. Zając, J. Korecki, A. Chumakov, B. Trzewik, S. Kędracka-Krok, W. Minor, M. Chruszcz, T. Borowski, "On structure and reaction mechanism of human acireductone dioxygenase", CHEM-EUR J, (2018) 5225-5237
T. Hunter, R. Bonetta, A. Sacco, M. Vella, P-M. Sultana, C.H. Trinh, H.B.R. Fadia, T. Borowski. R. Garcia-Fandino, T. Stockner, G.J. Hunter, "A Single Mutation is Sufficient to Modify the Metal Selectivity and Specificity of a Eukaryotic Manganese Superoxide Dismutase to Encompass Iron", Chem Eur J, (2018) 5303-5308
A. Kluza, E. Niedzialkowska, K. Kurpiewska, Z. Wojdyla, M. Quesne, E. Kot, P.J. Porebski, T. Borowski, "Crystal structure of thebaine 6-O-demethylase from the morphine biosynthesis pathway", Journal of Structural Biology, (2018) 229-235
Z. Wojdyla, T. Borowski, "On how the binding cavity of AsqJ dioxygenase controls the desaturation reaction regioselectivity: a QM/MM study.", J Biol Inorg Chem, 23 (2018) 795-808
M. Szaleniec, A. M. Wojtkiewicz, R. Bernhardt, T. Borowski, M. Donova, "Bacterial steroid hydroxylases: enzyme classes, their functions and comparison of their catalytic mechanisms", Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 102(19) (2018) 8153-8171
A. Timmins, M. Quesne, T. Borowski, S. de Visser, "Group transfer to an aliphatic bond: A biomimetic study inspired by nonheme iron halogenases.", ACS Catalysis, 8 (2018) 8685-8698
P. Dubiela, R. Aina, D. Polak, S. Geiselhart, P. Humeniuk, B. Bohle, S. Alessandri, R. Del Conte, F. Cantini, T. Borowski, M. Bublin, K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, "Enhanced Pru p 3 IgE-binding activity by selective free fatty acid interaction", J Allergy Clin Immunol, (2017) 1728-1731
Matthew G. Quesne, Tomasz Borowski, Sam P. de Visser, "Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Modeling of Enzymatic Processes: Caveats and Breakthroughs", Chemistry - A European Journal, 22 (2016) 2562 – 2581
A. Wójcik, M. Radoń, T. Borowski, "Mechanism of O2 Activation by alpha-Ketoglutarate Dependent Oxygenases Revisited. A Quantum Chemical Study", J Phys Chem A, 120 (2016) 1261-1274
Z. Wojdyła, T. Borowski, "DFT study of the mechanism of manganese quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase: quest for origins of enzyme unique nitroxygenase activity and regioselectivity", J. Biol. Inorg. Chem., 21 (2016) 475-489
S. Saraf, A. Miłaczewska, T. Borowski, C. James, D. Tierney, M. Popova, A. Arif, L. Berreau, "Anion Effects in Oxidative Aliphatic Carbon-carbon Bond Cleavage Reactions of Cu(II) Chlorodiketonate Complexes", Inorg. Chem., 55 (2016) 6916-6928
B. Trzewik, K. Chruszcz-Lipska, A. Miłaczewska, J. Opalińska-Piskorz, R. Karcz, R. Gryboś, M. Oszajca, K. Luberda-Durnaś, W. Łasocha, A. N. Fitch, B. Sulikowski and T. Borowski, "Synthesis and crystal structure of dimeric 1-hydroxyhexane-2,3-dione and spectral characteristics of a model acireductone", New J Chem, 40 (2016) 9291-9303
K. Hupert-Kocurek, D. Wojcieszyńska, U. Guzik, T. Borowski, "A single amino acid substitution within catalitically nonactive N-terminal domain of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) increasees enzyme activity towards 4-chlorocatechol"", J. Mol. Cat. B. Enz., 122 (2015) 64-71
L.R. Offermann, M. Bublin, M.L. Perdue, S. Pfeifer, P. Dubiela, T. Borowski, M. Chruszcz, K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, "Struture and functional characterization of the hazelnut allergen Cor a 8", J. Agric. Food Chem., 63 (2015) 9150-9158
T. Borowski, M. Quesne, M. Szaleniec, "QM and QM/MM methods compared: case studies on reaction mechanisms of metalloenzymes", Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, 100 (2015) 187-224
M. Szaleniec, A. Dudzik, B. Kozik, T. Borowski, J. Heider, M. Witko,, "Mechanistic basis for the Enantioselectivity of the Anaerobic Hydroxylation of Alkylaromatic compounds by Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenase", J. Inorg. Biochem., 139 (2014) 9–20
C.J. Allpress, A. Miłaczewska, T. Borowski, J.R. Bennett, D.L. Tierney, A.M. Arif, L.M. Berreau, "Halide-promoted dioxygenolysis of a carbon-carbon bond by a copper(II) diketonate complex.", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136 (2014) 7821-7824
Anna Wójcik, Ewa Broclawik, Per E.M. Siegbahn, Marcus Lundberg, Graham Moran,Tomasz Borowski, "The role of substrate positioning in the catalytic reaction of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase – a QM/MM study", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 136 (2014) 14472-14485
Tomasz Borowski, Ewa Broclawik, "Bioinorganic Reaction Mechanisms – Quantum Chemistry Approach", (Eds. A. Liwo), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 2014, , 783–808, [978-3-642-28553-0]
Margareta R. A. Blomberg, Tomasz Borowski, Fahmi Himo, Rong-Zhen Liao, Per E. M. Siegbahn, "Quantum Chemical Studies of Mechanisms for Metalloenzymes", Chem. Rev., 114 (2014) 3601-3658
M. Lundberg, T. Borowski, "Oxoferryl species in mononuclear non-heme iron enzymes: Biosynthesis, properties and reactivity from a theoretical perspective.", Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 257 (2013) 277-289
A. Miłaczewska, E. Broclawik, T. Borowski, "On the catalytic mechanism of (S)-2-hydroxypropylphosphonic acid epoxidase (HppE). A Hybrid DFT Study.", Chemistry - A European Journal, 19 (2013) 771-781
A. Dudzik, B. Kozik, M. Tataruch, A. Wójcik, D. Knack, T. Borowski, J. Heider, M. Witko, M. Szaleniec, "The reaction mechanism of chiral hydroxylation of p-OH and p-NH2 substituted compounds by ethylbenzene dehydrogenase", Can. J. Chem., 91 (2013) 775-786
M. Szaleniec, A. Salwiński, T. Borowski, J. Heider, M. Witko, "Quantum chemical modeling studies of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase activity", Int. J. Quant. Chem., 112 (2012) 1990–1999
T. Borowski, A. Wójcik, A. Miłaczewska, V. Georgiev, M.R.A. Blomberg, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "The alkenyl migration mechanism catalyzed by extradiol dioxygenases: a hybrid DFT study.", Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 17 (2012) 881-890
A. Wójcik, E. Broclawik, P.E.M. Siegbahn, T. Borowski, "Mechanism of benzylic hydroxylation by 4-Hydroxymandelate synthase. A computational study.", Biochemistry, 51 (2012) 9570-9580
P.E.M. Siegbahn, T. Borowski, "Comparison of QM-only and QM/MM models for the mechanism of tyrosinase", Faraday Discuss., 148 (2011) 109-117
L.M. Berreau, T. Borowski, K. Grubel, C. Allpress, J.P. Wikstrom, M.E. Germain, E.V. Rybak-Akimova, D.L. Tierney, "Mechanistic Studies of the O2-dependent Aliphatic Carbon-carbon bond Cleavage Reaction of a Nickel Enolate Complex", Inorg. Chem., 50 (2011) 1047-1057
A. Wójcik, T. Borowski, E. Brocławik, "The mechanism of the reaction of intradiol dioxygenase with hydroperoxy probe. A DFT study", Cat. Today, (2011) 207-216
T. Borowski, P.E.M. Siegbahn , "Density Functional Theory Studies on Non-Heme Iron Enzymes", in "Iron-Containing Enzymes" (Eds. S.P. de Visser and D. Kumar), RCS Publishing, 2011, 88-118 [ISBN: 978-1-84973-181-2]
M. Szaleniec, T. Borowski, K. Schühle, M. Witko, J. Heider, "Ab inito modeling of ethylbenzene dehydrogenase reaction mechanism", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132 (2010) 6014-6024
V. Georgiev, H. Noack, T. Borowski, M.R.A. Blomberg, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "DFT Study on the Catalytic Reactivity of a Functional Model Complex for Intradiol-Cleaving Dioxygenases", J. Phys. Chem. B, 114 (2010) 5878-5885
T. Borowski, H. Noack, M. Radoń, K. Zych, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Mechanism of Selective Halogenation by SyrB2 - a Computational Study", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132 (2010) 12887-12898
T. Borowski, V. Georgiev, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "On the observation of a gem diol intermediate after O-O bond cleavage by extradiol dioxygenases. A Hybrid DFT Study", J. Mol. Model., 16 (2010) 1673-1677
T.Borowski, M.R.A.Blomberg, P.E.M.Siegbahn "Reaction Mechanism of Apocarotenoid Oxygenase (ACO). A DFT Study", Chem. Eur. J., 14(2008) 2264-2276
V.Georgiev, T.Borowski, M.R.A.Blomberg, P.E.M.Siegbahn "A Comparison of the Reaction Mechanisms of Iron and Manganese-Containing 2,3-HPCD: an Important Spin Transition for Manganese", J. Biol. Inorg. Chem., 13(2008) 929-940
S. S. Ng, K. L. Kavanagh, M. A. McDonough, D. Butler, E. S. Pilka, B. M. Lienard, J. E. Bray, P. Savitsky, O. Gileadi, F. von Delft, N. R. Rose, J. Offer, J. C. Scheinost, T. Borowski, M. Sundstrom, C. J. Schofield, U. Oppermann "Crystal Structures of Histone Demethylase JMJD2A Reveal Basis for Substrate Specificity", Nature, 448 (2007) 87-91
T. Borowski, S. de Marothy, E. Broclawik, C.J. Schofield, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Mechanism for Cyclization Reaction by Clavaminic Acid Synthase. Insights from Modeling Studies", Biochemistry, 46 (2007) 3682-3691
A. Bassan, T. Borowski, C. J. Schofield, P. E. M. Siegbahn "Ethylene Biosynthesis by 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase: A DFT Study", Chem. - Eur. J., 12 (2006) 8835-8846
T. Borowski, A. Bassan, P. E. M. Siegbahn "DFT Study of the Uncatalyzed Dioxygenation of Acireductone", J. Mol. Struct. Theochem., 772 (2006) 89-92
T. Borowski, E. Brocławik, C. J. Schofield, P. E. M. Siegbahn "Epimerization and Desaturation by Carbapenem Synthase (CarC). A Hybrid DFT Study", J. Comput. Chem., 27 (2006) 740-748
T. Borowski, P. E. M. Siegbahn "Mechanism for Catechol Ring-Cleavage by Non-Heme Iron Intradiol Dioxygenases. A Hybrid DFT Study", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128 (2006) 12941-12953
V. Georgiev, T. Borowski, P. E. M. Siegbahn "Theoretical Study of the Catalytic Reaction Mechanism of MndD", J. Biol. Inorg. Chem., 11 (2006) 571-585
A. Bassan, M.R.A. Blomberg, T. Borowski, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Theoretical Studies of Enzyme Mechanisms Involving High-Valent Iron Intermediates", J. Inorg. Bioch., 100 (2006) 727-743
P. E. M. Siegbahn, T. Borowski "Modeling Enzymatic Reactions Involving Transition Metals", Account Chem. Res., 39 (2006) 729-738
A. Bassan, T. Borowski, M. Lundberg, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Theoretical Modeling of Redox Processes in Enzymes and Biomimetic Systems", Concepts and Model Systems in Bioinorganic Chemistry, (2006)
T. Borowski, V. Georgiev, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Catalytic Reaction Mechanism of Homogentisate Dioxygenase. A Hybrid DFT Study", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127 (2005) 17303-17314
T. Borowski, A. Bassan, N.G.J. Richards, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Catalytic Reaction Mechanism of Oxalate Oxidase (Germin). A Hybrid DFT Study", J. Chem. Theory Comput, 1 (2005) 686-693
T.Borowski, W.Szczepanik, M.Chruszcz, E.Brocławik "First Principle Calculations for the Active Centres in Vanadium-Containing Chloroperoxidase and its Functional Models: Geometrical and Spectral Properties", Int. J. Quantum Chem., 99 (2004) 864-875
A. Bassan, T. Borowski, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Quantum Chemical Studies of Dioxygen Activation by Mononuclear Non-Heme Iron Enzymes with the 2-His-1-carboxylate Facial Triad", Dalton T., 20 (2004) 3153-3162
A. Bassan, M.R.A. Blomberg, T. Borowski, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Oxygen Activation by Rieske Non-Heme Iron Oxygenases, a Theoretical Insight", J. Phys. Chem. B, 108 (2004) 13031-13041
T. Borowski, A. Bassan, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase: A Hybrid Density Functional Study of the Catalytic Reaction Mechanism", Biochemistry, 43 (2004) 12331-12342
T. Borowski, A. Bassan, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "A Hybrid Density Functional Study of O-O Bond Cleavage and Phenyl Ring Hydroxylation for a Biomimetic Non-Heme Iron Complex", Inorg. Chem., 43 (2004) 3277-3291
T. Borowski, A. Bassan, P.E.M. Siegbahn, "Mechanism of Dioxygen Activation in 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Enzymes: A Hybrid DFT Study", Chem. Eur. J., 10 (2004) 1031-1041
M. Król, T. Borowski, I. Roterman, B. Piekarska, B. Stopa, J. Rybarska, L. Konieczny, "Force-field Parametrization and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Congo Red", J. Comput. Aid. Mol. Des., 18 (2004) 41-53
T. Borowski, E. Brocławik "Catalytic Reaction Mechanism of Lipoxygenase. A Density Functional Theory Study", J. Phys. Chem. B, 107 (2003) 4639-4646
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Using reception history as its basis for study, Isaiah Through the Centuries is an unprecedented exploration of the afterlife of the Book of Isaiah, specifically in art, literature, and music. This is a commentary that guides the reader through the Book of Isaiah, examining the differing interpretations of each phrase or passage from a variety of cultural and religious perspectives, Jewish, Christian and Muslim. Clearly structured and accessible, and richly illustrated, the book functions as a complete and comprehensive educational reference work.
Isaiah Through the Centuries encourages readers to learn with an open mind and to understand how different interpretations have helped in the teaching and comprehension of the Bible and Isaiah's place in it. As part of the Wiley-Blackwell Bible Commentaries series, which is primarily concerned with reception history, the book emphasizes that how people interpret the prophet—and how they've been influenced by him—is often just as important as the sacred text's original meaning.
Comprehensive in scope, Isaiah Through the Centuries is a much-needed resource for all those interested in the influence of the Bible on Western culture, and presents unique perspectives for anyone interested in the Bible to discuss and debate for many years to come.
John F. A. Sawyer is Honorary Professor of Theology and Religion at Durham University and Honorary Fellow in the School of Divinity at Edinburgh University. In addition to The Fifth Gospel: Isaiah in the History of Christianity (1996), his more recent publications include A Concise Dictionary of the Bible and its Reception (2011) and, with musician Siobhán Dowling Long, The Bible in Music: A Dictionary of Songs, Works and More (2015).


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Will hold tractor parade in Delhi on Jan 26, say protesting farmers
Protesting farmers said on Saturday said they will hold marches towards governors' houses in different states on January 23 and take out a parade on tractors on January 26 against the Centre's three farm laws. "On January 23, we will hold marches towards Governors' Houses in different states and a 'Tractor Kisan Parade' will be held on January 26 in Delhi. The tractor parade with the national flag will be called 'Kisaan Parade'," Krantikari Kisan union president Darshan Pal said, according to news agency ANI.
"We were peaceful, are peaceful and will be peaceful, but will stay at Delhi borders until new farm laws are repealed," said one of the leaders of the protesting farmers' unions, according to PTI.
Farmer groups continued to block traffic from Ghaziabad and Noida to Delhi on Saturday. The Singhu and Tikri border crossing points from Delhi to Haryana have also remained completely blocked since last month when the farmer agitation against three laws enacted to liberalize the sector started. At the Ghazipur border, the service lane of National Highway-24 continued to remain closed for traffic.
Meanwhile, Union minister of state (MoS) for agriculture Kailash Choudhary said a solution would come up during the talks to be held on January 4 with the farmers and that the ongoing deadlock would end. "I am confident that in the next round of talks with farmers, a solution will be reached and the ongoing protest will come to an end. The three farm bills are in favour of farmers. They used to demand to get rid of the middleman and sell their produce at a rate of their choice," the minister was quoted as saying by news agency ANI.
The first five rounds of talks between protesting farmers and the government failed to resolve the deadlock. On December 30, the farmers' unions decided to meet the ministers for the sixth time. The government only agreed to address two of the four issues raised by farmers, which were sparing heavy fines for stubble burning and continuing the current mechanism of giving subsidised power for agricultural use. The farmers have said they will intensify their stir if their demands are nor met.
Posted in IndiaTagged Delhi, farmers, tractor march
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Deepika Padukone, Alia Bhatt, Ranbir Kapoor, Ranveer Singh click pics with fans, enjoy a safari at Ranthambore. See pics, videos
By Day 3, around 34,800 take first shot in Gujarat

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Here at Voice of Salam, we're passionate about human rights, interfaith, social and cultural issues.
We believe that we all have the duty to stand up against justice and inequality and to work towards a fairer, more just society for everyone.
We also believe in the importance of building bridges across social, cultural, ethnic, national and religious divides.
As an organisation focused on human rights and interfaith issues, we work to advocate for the promotion, protection and understanding of a range of issues through quality research and campaigning.
Running public awareness campaigns on a range of key issues
Building/joining crucial coalitions and partnerships
Lobbying MPs on critical human rights issues
Carrying out important grassroots, third sector and public sector research
Whilst highlighting a wide range of important issues, our key areas of work focus on:
To find out more about our work in each of these areas, please click on the links below.


This Essential Ladies Jog Pant is part of the core range! A basic essential, this pant comes in Regular or Short leg so caters for most! The comfortable, relaxed fit provides a four-way stretch which makes this pants the ideal choice for light exercise, lounging around the house or everyday wear!


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a HTTP/1.0 request, which is true at the moment but could easily change.
# Craft our own HTTP/1.0 request for the server banner.
# Note: HTTP/1.1 is rarely useful for detecting this flaw.


You've been washing with my soap since 2010. It's time for some haircare!
As of today, Avital's Bee Fresh Shampoo and Conditioner Bars are available at GreenStar on Buffalo. More locations coming soon!
I hesitated to step into the shampoo arena for a long time, because it is a very different beast from the cold process soap I make.
Soap is great stuff. Properly made, it gets you clean but doesn't strip all the oils away. You need less (or no!) moisturizer after a bath or shower than if you had used a harsher, detergent-based "body wash." It lasts a long time. It comes in a paper box that can be composted or recycled. It's a win all the way around.
As nice as it is for your skin, though, soap is not great for your hair. If you have very short hair and cut it frequently, it doesn't matter much what you do. Your hair isn't around long enough to get too damaged. But if you keep that hair on your head and let it grow, maybe color it, or bleach it, or use heated styling methods… well, your hair needs a bit of love. And handmade soap does not love hair.
tldr? Hair likes slightly acidic products. Handmade soap (liquid or bar) is slightly alkaline. Doing a vinegar rinse post bar soap wash won't undo actual damage, though it will smooth the cuticle. But too much acid is also bad.
If it's your thing, read the whole article. If not, take my word for it: alkaline soap is not the way to go, unless your hair is kept short.
So I knew that if I was going to make shampoo, I'd have to do some research and get it right. My hair is color treated, and my 10-year-old has dry, curly hair. We rarely use any styling products, so we don't need shampoo that's terribly cleansing. We need something mild, with a slightly acidic pH. That smells good. My first foray into any new product is to make something that will work on me and/or loved ones, because isn't that the easiest way to test it? Will it wreck my salon colored hair? Will it make Avital's hair look like straw? Let's find out!
What else? I always strive for low packaging, and minimal to no plastic. Not easy, sometimes it's not possible. But that's always the direction. How to do that with shampoo?
Make a bar, not a liquid.
But not a cold process bar. Time to experiment with surfactants!
There is a whole world of ECOCERT and environmentally friendly ingredients that we can use to make a product that works really well, and lets us stay Earth-friendly. When you look at the label of the shampoo I came up with, though, the ingredient names can look intimidating, or be easily mistaken for less lovely things. So let's go through them, one by one.
Let's start with this one: Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate. OMG. That sounds horrible! And if it were Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, I would agree with you that it's not good. I know that SLS, as it's called, is in a ton of shampoos out there, including some pretty pricey ones. It's also super harsh. Not ideal, in my opinion, for skin or hair.
Sodium Lauryl Sulfoacetate (SLSa) is a different thing entirely. SLSa is mild, makes great bubbles, is derived from coconuts, is ECOCERT certified, and is even kosher (though I don't recommend eating it, obviously). It also costs about twice as much as SLS. Which might explain why the similar-sounding, cheaper SLS is everywhere instead of SLSa.
Next up? Sodium cocoyl isethionate (SCI). (These names!) Like SLSa, it is ECOCERT approved, derived from coconuts, makes great bubbles, and is mild and slightly acidic.
Those two surfactants make up the majority of my shampoo bar. A third surfactant is Cocamidopropyl Betaine. As the name indicates, this is yet another coconut-derived product that is so mild it can be used for babies and as a makeup remover.
The rest of the bar is made up of oat proteins, some panthenol, an emulsifier (also plant-derived), mango butter, grapefruit and rosemary essential oils (because we love things that smell good!), a little green mica to make it pretty, and a paraben- and phthalate-free preservative (because mold and bacteria are gross).
It all comes in a hard little bar that lasts about 40-50 shampoos. Keep it high and dry between uses so it doesn't melt away in a puddle, mkay?
Can you use it on your body? Of course! Your skin will love it!


Last night, a group from the camera club took a guided walk around part of the shore of Sutton Bingham Reservoir. The weather was dry but breezy and initially I thought the light was not great, though this did improve towards the end of the evening. There was a good turnout for the walk, almost certainly because the weather was so much better than we have had for a while. Those that wore boots definitely benefitted from them since there were a few damp and muddy patches.


C and counting the amount of each) allows one to date the death of the once-living things.
Half of 50% is 25%, so you would have 25% Carbon-14 and 75% Nitrogen-14.
In other words, half (50%) of the Carbon-14 you started with has decayed into the daughter isotope Nitrogen-14.
However, your readout from your radioactivity measuring instrument says you have only 25% Carbon-14 and 75% Nitrogen-14, so your fossil must have been through more than one half-life.
Below is a chart of commonly used radiometric isotopes, their half-lives, and the daughter isotopes they decay into.
Let's say you found a fossil you think to be a human skeleton.


If you're currently renting, have a contingency in place within the event your transfer is delayed. Maintain off on canceling your lease till the latest potential second. If you own, and your house is offered, have a short lived place lined up within the event of any adjustments.
The vacations needs to be a time for joy and family, not a time to be stressed out about your funds and attempting to deal with invoice collectors. Invoice collectors are employees of assortment agencies, and it would not matter to them what time of the year it's. If a invoice collector has been hired to collect a debt he or she will proceed with assortment action.
Abstract: If you're a resident of Singapore or possibly a foreigner and wish to start what you are promoting there, then the initial thing it's essential go for is corporate registration. Let's examine what sort of companies native Singaporeans and foreigners can personal in Singapore. Let's also take a look on the company registration stipulations, great issues about establishing a business, the method to file an utility and more.
You should also check the license of the company from which you take up the cellular bail bonds Houston. This is an important half that folks are likely to neglect. There are many pretend web sites on the internet, that are made to cheat people. Thus, you should examine for the posted license on the web site of the Houston bail bonds firm. With the mobile bail bonds Houston, you can get the bonds on fax, internet and even the telephone. This fast service may be taken up by anyone.
Any particular person has the choice of being a full-time employee or choose self employment alternatives. It is important to examine carefully these alternatives together with the advantages and downsides. When you've got the blood of an entrepreneur, self employment may be a sensible choice for you. Nevertheless, in case you feel that you'll prosper as an worker, it's advisable to pursue your professional career.
We all feel that childhood is the very best phase of life as there are not any tensions no duties no accountability of not doing a specific job or job. However the moment we're graduates or post graduates a big pile of duties fall on our shoulders and most of us need to step out and do jobs. Though some may like and a few may not love to do jobs however the fact stays the identical that no many people have a selection of no going to the office each day or to not do a job. Especially in the present inflationary times when every thing is getting costlier not working and sitting ultimate isn't any possibility and one won't be capable of maintain self or ones household with the monetary inflows. And it's due to these rising needs that a second earnings is always welcomed in any form.
Study the Benefits Workers have more advantages than the self-employed people. There is medical insurance protection for the wage worker with the payment shared by your employer. Sometimes water is prompted to circulate down the surface. Key phrase Analysis??? There are hundreds of thousands of tests all over the world created by among the most brilliants of minds that may be named. They solely speak about how they feel about their offer. Here's the factor. YOUR PROSPECTS DON'T CARE!!!
51 years old Mixed Plant Farmer Nestor Stanforth from Cold Lake, usually spends time with passions which includes reading, Business and eating. Has in recent years finished a trip to Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley.


Additional Information: First Initial License Date: 08/29/2011.
This is an amazing place full of wonderful ADULTS who teach and nurture our children while we are away at work. I am always amazed at what both my 2 year old and my 4 year old are able to come home and tell me. The calm and caring approach to teaching and care has made such a wonderful impact on my children. They look forward to going to school and working with their friends each day. We are so blessed to have found this place.
What an amazing school. My son just started kindergarten after two years at The Curious Child and is now bored and misses his old school. We could not be happier with the education and experience he received. We plan on stopping by to say hello soon!
Write a review about THE CURIOUS CHILD MONTESSORI PRESCHOOL INC. Let other families know what's great, or what could be improved. Please read our brief review guidelines to make your review as helpful as possible.


text:
Q: Anyone tried using MySQL DataController to setup a Federated table with MSSQL Server? I found this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL_DataController which lead me to this: https://launchpad.net/datacontroller
It looks like a plug in to let you created federated tables in MySQL to connect to MSSQL Server, but the only example they give it with Oracle.
It would be neat if this was possible, as it would solve a few problems for me.
If anyone has any experience and can point me in the right direction, that would be awesome.

A: The datacontroller plugin actually works with mssql. You simply use mssql:// instead of oracle

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The Pale Blue Eye Movie
By Brian D. Renner Nov. 15, 2022
West Point, 1830. A world-weary detective is hired to discreetly investigate the gruesome murder of a cadet. Stymied by the cadets' code of silence, he enlists one of their own to help unravel the case — a young man the world would come to know as Edgar Allan Poe.
Robert Duvall, Christian Bale, Timothy Spall, Gillian Anderson, John Lesher, Fred Hechinger, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Toby Jones, Peter Chernin, Charlie Tahan, Lucy Boynton, Tyler Thompson, Harry Melling, Harry Lawtey, Scott Cooper, Simon McBurney, Hadley Robinson, Joey Brooks, Brennan Keel Cook, Steven Maier, Matt Helm, Gideon Glick
Friday, December 23, 2022 Limited
Friday, January 6, 2023 Netflix
West Point, 1830. In the early hours of a gray winter morning, a cadet is found dead. But after the body arrives at the morgue, tragedy becomes savagery when it's discovered that the young man's heart has been skillfully removed. Fearing irreparable damage to the fledgling military academy, its leaders turn to a local detective, Augustus Landor (Christian Bale), to solve the murder. Stymied by the cadets' code of silence, Landor enlists the help of one of their own to pursue the case, an eccentric cadet with a disdain for the rigors of the military and a penchant for poetry — a young man named Edgar Allan Poe (Harry Melling).
official plot version
Drama Horror Thriller Adaptation
5.00 / 5 stars (3 users)
Poll: Will you see The Pale Blue Eye?
Will See 59
Won't See 13
Who stars in The Pale Blue Eye: Cast List
Thor: Love and Thunder, Amsterdam
The Tragedy of MacBeth, The Old Guard
White Bird: A Wonder Story, The Spy Who Dumped Me
Chevalier, Copperhead
Nymphomaniac: Part One, The Snowman
Toby Jones
Empire of Light, The Wonder
Harry Lawtey
Joker: Folie à Deux
Siberia, The Conjuring 2
Assassin's Bullet, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
Hadley Robinson
The Boys in the Boat, Moxie
Brennan Keel Cook
Take the Night
Gideon Glick
Who's making The Pale Blue Eye: Crew List
A look at the The Pale Blue Eye behind-the-scenes crew and production team. The film's director Scott Cooper last directed Antlers and Hostiles. The film's writer Scott Cooper last wrote Hostiles and Out of the Furnace.
Peter Chernin
John Lesher
Tyler Thompson
Fox 2000 Pictures (Former)
Watch The Pale Blue Eye Trailers & Videos
Production: What we know about The Pale Blue Eye?
This is a project Scott Cooper has wanted to helm for more than a decade (5/1/2022).
Based on the Louis Bayard novel of the same name.
2022 - May: The film was set to Completed status.
2021 - December: The film was set to Production status.
2021 - March: The film was set to Pre-Production status.
Netflix has scooped the worldwide pre-buy rights for $55M.
2011 - January: The film was set to Development status.
2011 - January: The film was set to Announced status.
The Pale Blue Eye Release Date: When was the film released?
Now Released; Limited
Get Showtimes Buy Tickets
The Pale Blue Eye was a Limited release in 2022 on Friday, December 23, 2022. There were 6 other movies released on the same date, including Babylon, I Wanna Dance With Somebody and Corsage.
As a Limited release, The Pale Blue Eye will only be shown in select movie theaters across major markets. Please check Fandango and Atom Tickets to see if the film is playing in your area.
Q&A Asked about The Pale Blue Eye
Seen the movie? Rate It!
added a photo to the photo gallery
added a link from
added posters to the photos gallery
added Official Trailer to movie trailers & videos
set film release to Limited
added the US film release date of December 23, 2022
changed the US film release date from TBA to January 6, 2023
set film release to Netflix
See 55 updates
Looking for more information on The Pale Blue Eye?
Official Movie Site + Social Media Links
Get Tickets + Showtimes
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The RJ9536S makes being a cool kid child's play. Boasting a fine, modern shape, this model is made of metal strong enough to resist almost any active kid's shenanigans. Perfect for tree climbers and mud splashers anywhere.


text:
Ein Wahlsymbol ist ein standardisiertes Symbol, das einer Partei zugewiesen wird.

Verwendung
In Indien können sich registrierte politische Parteien aus einer Reihe von Wahlsymbolen, die durch die Wahlkommission bereitgestellt werden, eines auswählen und haben dann das exklusive Recht, dieses entweder auf Bundesstaatsebene (bundesstaatliche Parteien) oder landesweit (nationale Parteien,) zu benutzen. Das garantiert einen hohen Wiedererkennungswert bei den immer noch zum erheblichen Teil analphabetischen Wählern.

Solche Symbole werden auch in anderen Ländern als Indien verwendet:

Symbole der nationalen Parteien Indiens

Siehe auch
Liste der politischen Parteien in Indien

Weblinks
 The curious stories of Indian party symbols (The Diplomat)
 From ceiling fan to comb, Indian political parties woo voters with the strangest party symbols (Business Insider India)
 Lotus, hand, elephant, broom: The symbols that drive Indian politics (TRTWorld)
 Election symbols in India (YouTube)

!
Politisches Symbol

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Board index ‹ News & Politics Hall ‹ Middle East & the World Room
Wake up Kurdistan! - Barzani and Talabani
News, Commentaries & Political Discussions on Middle East & the World
by Jaff Sassani » Tue Sep 30, 2008 1:16 pm
Godless Masud Barzani and Jalal Talabani and their mafia groups are on Run.
In the article below the handler of Barzani accusing the world for the miserable life of
Kurds In Iraq without blaming his bosses.
The Kurdish people really suffering for last 17 years since they took over Northern Iraq
Especially since America liberated Iraq. Now they are sensing that the USA might withdraw
From Iraq they are trying to blame all the wrong doing on the USA while they are tacking
the money budget for themselves and mafia group.
The Kurdish people knows very well who to blame, not Iranian, Turks and Arabs. It is both
Barzani and Talabani family whom they abused the population.
The God is catching up with them. All their masters are tired of them. The Turks, Iranian and Arabs
Does not need their service but western countries have lot of humanity they will take them
in as refugee with billions of dollars. Let hope the Kurdish intellectuals are ready to take
them to court in Europe and the USA so they can be persecuted by laws.
The wrongdoing is catching up with them finally.
Jaff Sassani
From the SKDC
Wake up Kurdistan!
•	KurdishMedia.com - By Axin Arbili
•	28/09/2008 00:00:00
There is no change for the better; there is no turning point in our history: The anti-Kurdish forces of the past are the anti-Kurdish forces of today. Despite the end of Saddam's dictatorship five years ago, there is still no freedom for the Kurds, no free Kurdistan even in so-called liberated Iraq. Our enemies are busy, as ever, with maintaining the status quo in the Middle East, and they are successful. In return for Kurdish efforts of reconciliation and goodwill, Arabs, with the help of the Turks, have stopped the referendum in Kerkuk and are now doing everything to abolish that constitutional requirement and right. The Kurdish city and especially the oil there are still regarded "Arab patrimony", and under Saddam this meant Anfal: large-scale ethnic cleansing, deportations, displacement, genocide.
The Kurdish genocide; the murder of more than 350,000 people, the displacement of millions; the depopulation and destructions of the Kurdish landscape seems to have quietly disappeared from collective conscious, from the collective memory and public political discourse; it has almost become irrelevant to our leaders. Nobody remembers the referendum in which the Kurdish people in the south declared their will for self-determination and independence; today we do not see the implementation of the only legitimate will, but we see the instructions and will of Washington, Baghdad, Damascus, Tehran, Ankara being implemented. The Kurdish leaders in Iraq have become collaborators and clients of US global empire.
The question to be asked and answered is thus: What did the Peshmerga actually fight for in "Operation Iraqi Freedom"? Did they really fight for Kurdish freedom or did they risk their lives so that instead of Sunni Arabs their Shiite kin get the opportunity to rule Baghdad and thus Kurdistan? The answer is quite clear. We missed a unique opportunity to tell our enemies and the world that we don't want to be part of that criminal and hated creation of British imperialism called Iraq; that we want the sanctity of our homelands recognized under international law, that we want a free and sovereign Kurdish society, protected by a Kurdish state and army; that the insults, intimidations, threats, aggressions, crimes against us must end for once and all. Instead of doing the right thing, the Kurdish leaders decided to become presidents and foreign ministers of that terror state of Iraq; we see how they listen to our enemies and follow imperial instructions; we see that there is no progress and peace for our nation. In the political and cultural realities of the world, we do not even exist. We are called Iraqis; south Kurdistan is just northern Iraq in the eyes of the "international community" and others.
The scale of racial hatred against any form of Kurdish independence or even a Kurdish city administration is unimaginably deep and egregious when we compare that the Arabs already have 22 (twenty-two) independent sovereign countries with tens of thousands of rich cities and a population of 350 to 400 million; that there are 7 (seven) independent sovereign Turkic states, 16 (sixteen) Autonomous Turkic republics, with a Turkish/Turkic population of more than 200 million; that the combined Arab und Turkish land masses represent a vast area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to Central Asia and beyond; that Turks and Arabs fully enjoy all human and ethnic rights monitored under international law. Despite all of their territorial and material wealth (including the largest oil reserves), despite their numerous states, and despite calling themselves compassionate Muslims, Turks and Arabs are not willing to allow the Kurds, who have no other allies or kin, let alone friends, to exercise the same human and ethnic rights, to have their historical, moral, legal rights for self-determination and for their own sovereign country realised.
The "international community" couldn't care less. Arab oil and Nato-membership of Turkey are too precious for the West to jeopardize by supporting the despised, poor and powerless Kurds. Consequently and historically the USA/EU/NATO have supported their client states rather than supporting democracy and justice in the region. Outside the western spheres, there is no such thing anyway. There are only vital strategic and material interests. There is no right or wrong, moral or immoral for the West when it comes to its vital interests; there is only the will and force to achieve the objectives by all means, at any costs, including genocides. In the Middle East, these are access and control of the energy reserves and expansion of control to yet uncontrolled regions (Iran, Caucasus, Central Asia, etc.). In the new strategy paper of the US military for the 21st century, it is now explicitly and officially stated what has been US foreign policy practice for decades and centuries: continuous warfare for depleting energy, food and water resources together with their European kin and local puppets. Since these resources are in other countries and belong to other peoples/races, the US military officially declares to continue targeting the indigenous populations whenever necessary; it other words, there is no distinction between civilian and military; the other culture as a whole is an enemy of the US if it's in the way. Freedom? Democracy? Only the most naïve and manipulated can still believe in a benevolent Uncle Sam.
So while the Arabs are attacking us in "legal" ways and/or by using terror to prevent Kerkuk becoming part of Kurdish administration; all of the Kurdish territories are under constant attack by the Turkish air force to kill as many "Kurdish terrorists" (= free Kurds) as possible. The Turks are assisted by the Iranian army, and the actions of both the Turkish and Iranian military are approved and supported by the USA/West! On the one side Kemalists and Mullahs are conducting warfare against a defenseless people in open violation of all rules and conventions; on the other there is the "international community" deliberately looking away and allowing crimes against humanity. The UN general meeting demonstrated this once again openly and directly when representatives, including Ahmadinejad, delivered their speeches. He was talking about God, justice, beauty, harmony, brotherhood of man, while at the same time the Iranian army is carrying out its war against the Kurdish population; and the "international community" is wondering whether or not Iran has peaceful intentions toward the West. These are satanic double standards and they show unambiguously that the West is not bothered about the Kurdish situation and fate. The barbarism of the Turkish/Iranian military is matched by the selfish brutality of the West. While some delegations were absent; the foreign minister of Iraq, who is a Kurd, was present and listening. And not only was he present and listening, he actually applauded when this prophet of evil finished his deceitful speech. It was like a scene from a nightmare or directly from hell. I could only feel shame and anger as there can be no understanding let alone justification for such disgraceful behavior. How can you, as a Kurd, applaud him when this man only has murderous contempt for you and your people. He is the head of a state which is determined to crush Kurdish rights, which imprisons, tortures and kills Kurdish intellectuals and human rights activists; which has been cooperating with the Turks for centuries in occupying and exploiting Kurdish lands; which has always been anti-Kurdish in theory and practice. Knowing all of this, how can you just sit there comfortably, listen and applaud this false prophet when you could, in your position as foreign minister, inform the world public of Iranian and Turkish atrocities?
Our enemies will not take us serious with such figures, they can only laugh at us and do what they like. No wonder that the world has no clue about our tragedy, that the only thing they can relate Kurds to is either terrorism or that we are just plain stupid or masochistic.
The Turks have been demonstrating their contempt for centuries. While we are begging for some democracy; their "constitutional court" is considering the closure of the only Kurdish party in Turkey just because this party wants a free and democratic society with equal rights for every one and, above all, because it is a Kurdish party that represents the Kurds. For the military rulers in Ankara, Kurds representing Kurds and insisting on Kurdish right is just another form of terrorism that needs to be eradicated. As all the previous Kurdish parties were shut down, it is more than likely that this one will also have the same fate. Even if it is not shut down now, it will be reminded of the Turkish sword hanging over its head, ready to be used at any time the party/Kurds say anything different than Kemalist state slogans.
We need to wake up and understand: Democracy is not in the interest of the ruling elites as it would mean the end of Kemalism/Turkish supremacy. Consequently there is no real democracy, all these Turkish parties, the parliament, the courts, the government only a façade for the "international community". Behind the scenes, the US-backed generals pull the strings and make these puppets move as they wish. If one of them dares to get out of line, there is always the threat and possibility of a military coup to re-arrange and re-install the Kemalist order even more brutally. But as the Turkish society has been thoroughly Kemalized by the Kemalofascist military, bureaucracy, and judiciary for almost a century, and as it has also been thoroughly Islamized by the their Muslim leaders, with their strong economic base; there is no danger of any form of subversion from the Turkish people against the status quo or any wish for real democracy. As long as there is Western support and financing of the Turkish fascist order, as long as the Kurds have no voice and are powerless slaves of Western and local forces; the Turks, Arabs, Iranians, Westerners are quite content and happy with the status quo called "Middle East".
Given these global, geostrategic, socio-political realities, any talk of democratization of such societies becomes ridiculous, absurd if not pathological. And it is absolute and utter hubris to believe, let alone to suggest that Kurds, as freedom fighters or as political fighters, could democratize Arab or Turkish societies in any way. Not only that Kurds don't have the means, but they also don't have the right to attempt any such mad thing. If these societies or states prefer a Kemalist, Baathist, Islamist system or whatever system they want, it is their decision and choice. These are separate societies, separate peoples, separate states. Even Israel, the nuclear and industrial superpower of the region, makes no claim or has a plan of democratizing the Palestinian Arabs or any other Arabs for that matter; how can Kurds talk about democratizing others?! This form of thinking is purely idealistic, wishful, delusional and thus a total waste of time. It will not help our cause in any way, it has just hindered it and blocked real progress, and thus it only has played into the hands of our enemies.
But we have no more time to lose. We are dealing with hostile barbaric forces which only have contempt for us if we try to civilize them with democratic rhetoric and plans. They insult us, spit into our faces, torture and kill us in return to demonstrate that there is no such thing as Kurdish rights. Look around, animals even have more rights in Turkey, Iran, Syria and in the world than Kurds. They make it absolutely clear and act upon the understanding that it's in nobody's interest that we exist.. The Turks, Arabs, Iranians have been carrying out physical and cultural genocides against the Kurdish nation without any action, even without any real protest from that "civilized international community". Although on legal and moral basis, these states ought to be sanctioned, boycotted and punished; you see how they are officially recognized and welcomed at every international forum and in every organization.
Wake up and understand; begging for democracy will not bring us anywhere. Has it brought us the freedom of our language, the freedom of speech, freedom for education in our native language; are there any Kurdish institutions, universities? Where are the Kurdish names for our children, towns, landscapes? While we should be demanding our right for self-determination and independence, we don't even dare to ask for some form of autonomy. The Kemalist and Islamist Turks will not accept even the basic human and ethnic rights; and the democratic Turks are only a few and totally powerless. What they are selling as democratic reforms is meaningless in practice or simply a show for the entertainment of the EU.
Wake up and understand: The Turks are afraid of real democracy. They instinctively know that it would mean losing more or even all of their conquered lands. They are not the indigenous people of this region and thus feel insecure in foreign territory. 500 years of occupation of Anatolia has not changed this fundamental reality in the Turkish psyche. They are descendants of conquerors and occupiers and there is no way back. As the Ottoman Empire was created and maintained with the Turkish sword, so today physical force remains the only instrument to maintain what is left. With the end of their empire, there is only one remaining target: the Kurds. As long as there are Kurds, they will be reminded that they are illegal occupiers; that it is not their country; that they are intruders; thieves, murderers. Real democracy will necessarily lead to acknowledgement of these facts, recognition of the Assyrian, Greek, Armenian, Kurdish genocides, and to compensation. Therefore, real democracy is not in the interest of the Turkish people as a principle, and it will never happen under such conditions.
Wake up and understand: A peaceful, equal, democratic co-existence between the Turkish and Kurdish peoples within the same borders is impossible as the Turks don't accept the Kurdish nation. Therefore, it is wrong to think and irresponsible to suggest that as Kurds we do not need our own protective state when history clearly demonstrates and teaches that peoples and populations were massacred and genocided precisely because they did not have their own protective states, precisely because they did not have borders to protect them from genocidal assault.
Has mankind changed meantime? Do we now live in a world of brotherhood and justice? Have we overcome our barbaric instincts of attacking and destroying other cultures, of conquering other countries and enslaving native populations? Do warfare and ethnic cleansing belong to the past? Do cultures and countries fully and harmoniously cooperate to overcome their problems? Has the fighting and murdering for resources stopped, has the desire for imperial world dominion ended, are conflicts now being finally settled peacefully?
No, nothing has changed and the US and their "allies" are making sure that nothing will change and business continues as usual.
Democracy is not their language, so it should not be the one to use when confronted by them. This is a life or death confrontation, it is literally about survival or total annihilation. There is no time for illusions and self-delusions, we finally need to wake up and do what is possible and necessary. Let's be clear and remember: In the Turkish and world media, in the propaganda of Western real-politics, we are terrorists whatever we do or say; the Turks and others make sure that our legitimate demands are officially regarded as terrorism and fought.
We need to focus on the task ahead: It is to fight for the liberation of Kurdistan, for the creation of a united Kurdish state. This is our right and obligation – and it is justified historically, morally, legally! This must be our only goal and it must be the goal of all Kurds under foreign occupation. An independent sovereign state is not a theoretical concept, it is essential to the life and culture of a people; it is the home, shelter, protector of the people. It is the only guarantor of its future! How can one deprecate the importance of a state? How can one suggest that it is an ideological entity; that it is a bourgeois invention or plot? That is absolutely irresponsible and the propaganda of the enemy. Our only chance is a clear understanding of our situation and determined implementation of a strategy leading to the declaration of the state of Kurdistan. Otherwise there will be no freedom, no security, and above all, there will be no dignity, no honor for the Kurdish nation. Without our own state; the Kurdish people will continue being in slavery, will remain at the mercy of hostile, aggressive powers, and will be constantly at risk of total physical annihilation by these powers at any time.
There is no other way but absolute liberation. The West has and will not help. On the contrary, with the Baku-Ceyhan pipeline, running through ancient Armenian and Kurdish territories, the American-Turkish-Israeli-Georgian alliance has been cemented for good. We must now seek for some kind of cooperation based on the principle that the enemy of your enemy is your friend. In our case, our enemies' enemies are Russia and China. The US and Nato have plotted new strategies to harm these countries and keep them out of the central Asian oil and gas markets. Two new power blocks are forming now, the NATO plus local clients led by the USA/EU on the aggressive-imperial side and the SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organization) and CSTO (Collective Security Treaty Organization) led by Russia and China on the defensive side. We are right in the middle of this confrontation, which seems to be inevitable and could lead to global wars. It will be impossible to remain neutral and if we don't want to be crushed by both, we need to decide now where we will stand to achieve our goal of a free recognized Kurdistan.
http://www.jaff-sassanie.com/Default.aspx
Location: Sulaminah
Return to Middle East & the World Room


text:
/**
 * (c) Christian Ulbrich, Zalari UG (haftungsbeschränkt)
 * 2014
 */
var http = require("http"),
    events = require("events"),
    fs = require('fs'),
    util = require('util'),
    path = require('path'),
    crypto = require('crypto');

var express = require("express"),
    morgan = require("morgan"),
    _ = require('lodash');

var upload = require("./upload");

//setup exprss
var app = express();
//set up morgan for logging
var logger = morgan;
app.use(logger());

//we are event-based...
var self = new events.EventEmitter();

self.availableEvents = ['ready','upload','uploadComplete','uploadAborted'];

self.READY_EVENT = "ready";
self.UPLOAD_EVENT = "upload";
self.UPLOAD_COMPLETE_EVENT = "uploadComplete";
self.UPLOAD_ABORTED = "uploadAborted";

var ALLOWED_METHODS = ["HEAD", "PATCH"];
var ALLOWED_METHODS_STR = ALLOWED_METHODS.join(' ');

//Default-Config
self.config = {
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    "prefixPath":"/upload/",
    "fileUploadPath":"files",
    "serverString":"tus-server",
    "logDir": "logs",
    "logRotateSize": 10485760,
    "logLevel": "info",
    "host":"127.0.0.1"

};

var _configure = function(configObj) {
    if (typeof configObj == "object") {
        return _.merge(self.config,configObj);
    }
    else {
        return self.config;
    }

};

var _httpStatus = function(res, statusCode, reason, body) {
    if (body == null) {
        body = '';
    }
    res.writeHead(statusCode, reason);
    return res.end(body);
};

//implementation of HEAD request
var _processHEAD = function(req, res) {
    //TODO: debugging should be winston-based...
    //console.log(req.params.filename," needs to be headed...");
    //es gibt keine Authentifizierung und es ist auch egal, ob Dateien da sind, oder nicht
    //dadurch wird jeder HEAD-Request positiv beantwortet; also in der Art und Weise,
    //das immer ein Offset zurück geliefert wird
    //entweder eben 0; sprich die Datei ist nicht vorhanden, oder aber
    //die Länge der Datei
    var filename = req.params.filename;
    var absolutePath = path.resolve(self.config.fileUploadPath,filename);
    var offset = upload.getOffset(absolutePath);
    res.setHeader("Offset",offset);
    res.setHeader("Connection","close");
    return _httpStatus(res,200,"OK");
};

//implementation of PATCH request
var _processPATCH = function(req, res) {

    //FEATURE:checksum
    var checksum = crypto.createHash('sha1');

    //TODO: debugging should be winston-based
    //console.log(req.params.filename," needs to be patched...");
    //Fehlerfälle abfangen
    //TODO: I guess there is some nice request-validation-middleware now for express...
    if (req.headers["content-type"] == null) {
        return _httpStatus(res, 400, "Content-Type Required");
    }
    if (req.headers["content-type"] !== "application/offset+octet-stream") {
        return _httpStatus(res, 400, "Content-Type Invalid");
    }
    if (req.headers["offset"] == null) {
        return _httpStatus(res, 400, "Offset Required");
    }
    var offsetIn = parseInt(req.headers["offset"]);

    if (isNaN(offsetIn || offsetIn < 0)) {
        return _httpStatus(res, 400, "Offset Invalid");
    }

    if (req.headers["content-length"] == null) {
        return _httpStatus(res, 400, "Content-Length Required");
    }

    var contentLength = parseInt(req.headers["content-length"]);
    if (isNaN(contentLength || contentLength < 1)) {
        return _httpStatus(res, 400, "Invalid Content-Length");
    }

    //construct final fully qualified file name
    var filename = req.params.filename;
    //TODO:this is a potential attack vector for directory traversal
    var absolutePath = path.resolve(self.config.fileUploadPath,filename);

    //jetzt kann der Upload beginnen...
    try {
        var writeSteam = upload.getWriteStream(absolutePath,offsetIn);
        if (writeSteam == null)
            throw new Error('invalid-write-stream');
    }
    catch (error) {
        //TODO:implement me...
        //console.log('error beim Datei erstellen...',error);
        throw new Error('Error while creating file...');
    }
    //Req-pipen...
    //FEATURE: checksums...
    req.on("data", function(dataChunk){
        //console.log("Data........ B4");
        checksum.update(dataChunk);
    });
    req.pipe(writeSteam);
    //upload has begun...
    self.emit(self.UPLOAD_EVENT,filename);
    /*req.on("data", function(buffer) {
        winston.debug("old Offset " + info.offset);
        info.bytesReceived += buffer.length;
        info.offset += buffer.length;
        winston.debug("new Offset " + info.offset);
        if (info.offset > info.finalLength) {
            return httpStatus(res, 500, "Exceeded Final-Length");
        }
        if (info.received > contentLength) {
            return httpStatus(res, 500, "Exceeded Content-Length");
        }
    });*/
    req.on("end", function() {
        //because we reached the actual of an incoming post-request we can assume, that
        //the transfer has been successfully finished...
        //and fire events accordingly
        //console.log("Transfer successfully finished");
        if (!res.headersSent) {
            var d = checksum.digest('hex');
            console.log("Checksum (Sha1):",d);
            _httpStatus(res, 200, "Ok","Entity-Checksum: SHA1 "+d);
        }
        self.emit(self.UPLOAD_COMPLETE_EVENT,filename);
    });
    req.on("close", function() {
        //transfer has been closed, i.e. interrupted by the client
        //console.log("Transfer aborted...");
        //winston.error("client abort. close the file stream " + fileId);
        //TODO: do maybee a server-side rollback of a few bytes?
        writeSteam.end();
        self.emit(self.UPLOAD_ABORTED,filename);
    });
    /*ws.on("close", function() {
        winston.info("closed the file stream " + fileId);
        return winston.debug(util.inspect(res));
    });*/
    return writeSteam.on("error", function(error) {
        //winston.error("closed the file stream " + fileId + " " + (util.inspect(e)));
        //console.error("closed the file stream " + fileId + " " + (util.inspect(e)));
        self.emit(self.UPLOAD_ABORTED,filename);
        return _httpStatus(res, 500, "File Error");
    });
};

var _commonHeaders = function(res) {
    res.setHeader("Server", self.config.server);
    res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", ALLOWED_METHODS_STR);
    res.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Final-Length, Offset");
    return res.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Location");
};

/**
 * initializes the server with sane defaults...
 * @param configObj
 */
self.initServer = function(configObj) {
    self.config = _configure(configObj);
    //create dirs, if they are not existing...
    try {
        fs.mkdirSync(self.config.fileUploadPath);
    }
    catch (error) {
        if ((error != null) && error.code !== "EEXIST") {
            console.error(util.inspect(error));
            process.exit(1);
        }
    }
    //setup routes for express and start server
    //we have to process HEAD and PATCH, thus define routes accordingly...
    app.patch(self.config.prefixPath+":filename", function(req,res) {
        _processPATCH(req,res);
    });
    app.head(self.config.prefixPath+":filename", function(req,res) {
        _processHEAD(req,res);
    });
    //TODO:Winston?
    console.log("Starting tus-server on: ",self.config.host+':'+self.config.port+self.config.prefixPath);

    var server = http.createServer(app);
    server.timeout = 30000;
    server.listen(self.config.port);
    return self.emit(self.READY_EVENT);
};

module.exports = self;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The item was originally scheduled to be considered by the Metro Board of Directors at tomorrow's meeting. But Metro CEO Art Leahy has decided to push the item back one month in order to have more time to discuss construction techniques and impacts with the business community along Flower Street in downtown Los Angeles.
The Board of Directors will meet tomorrow, but they will not hear the Regional Connector Final EIS/EIR. The item has been carried over to March at the request of Metro staff and with the approval of the Metro Board of Director Chair.
For links to media coverage, please visit our Facebook page at http://www.facebook.com/MetroRegionalConnector. You do not need a Facebook login in order to access this page.
I really hope that the Metro board will be able to approve the Regional Connector at the March meeting.
If the last remaining hurdle to clear is the financial district and Flower, then by all means, gather the executives and discuss modern tunneling techniques and construction costs with them.
If the problem is, as Streetsblog has reported, Supervisor Zev and his regional political rivalries, then at some point you have to say enough is enough. This project has gone through much discussion and many changes, all of which has led to a better project.
The finished product will be as useful to Zev's constituents as it will be to Little Tokyo and the rest of downtown.


text:
Challenge of the Super Friends, Episode 4
Episode 4: "The Time Trap"
This episode of Challenge of the Superfriends opens, as they usually do, with the Legion of Doom. Inside the giant Darth Vader head, one of the members, Bizarro, is unhappy with his team's lack of success re: destroying the Super Friends, and threatens to go back to his home world. Luthor, tired of the grind apparently, simply tells Bizarro be quiet. Besides, Gorilla Grodd has a plan!
And what a plan it is! Grodd has created a machine (because big fat gorilla fingers are great for highly detailed technical work) that allows the LOD members to go back in time and steal some of the world's greatest riches. Grodd shows off the portal that will allow this to happen:
The first group of villains to go back in time are Black Manta and Giganta, who announce such plans to the Super Friends. This of course lures Aquaman and Apache Chief to try and stop them. Manta opens the portal, and the two heroes follow, finding themselves back in Prehistoric Times:
Manta and Giganta grab a pile of South African diamonds (not sure how this is a crime, per se), quickly skedaddling back through the portal. The sea creature attacks our heroes, and Aquaman lures the beast away from his partner by heading under the sea. The creature grabs then grabs Aquaman, but the Sea King calls his finny friends to help him escape:
Aquaman and Apache Chief arrive back at the portal just in time to see it close...which means they are stuck in the past! Oh no!
Back in the present, Part Two of the plan kicks into gear, with Sinestro and Captain Cold going back to Medieval England, luring Green Lantern and Samurai. Sinestro uses his ring to engage Green Lantern in a power ring-powered joust:
...so, Abin Sur's ring chose Hal Jordan because he was completely fearless, huh?
Anyway, the same thing happens: the villains get away, stranding the Super Friends back in the past. Despite all the missing heroes, later Batman and Robin are lured back to Ancient Greece by the Bull-In-A-China-Shop pair Gorilla Grodd and Solomon Grundy, who make off with priceless Greek art and sculptures.
The remaining Super Friends wonder where the heck everyone is, and are certain it's the work of the Legion of Doom. Meanwhile, Aquaman comes up with an amazing idea on how to be found: burying his JLA Communicator--which is nuclear-powered--in the same exact spot that the Hall of Justice will be built millions of years later! GENIUS!
Back in the present, the Super Friends pick up a distress call, which is...coming from underneath the Hall of Justice? What the what?
A quick search reveals Aquaman's communicator, dirty and covered in dust and rock. Superman gets a hunch as to what this means, and he and the Super Friends consult Dr. Steven Shin to confirm:
...yep, Aquaman's communicator has traces of rock that are millions of years old. It came from the past!
Superman doesn't hesitate to leap into action, by going back in time, rescuing the three pairs of lost Super Friends:
Members of the Legion of Doom, now reassembled in the present and not knowing when to quit, go back in time again, a just a few decades previous, to steal more loot. But this time the Super Friends are there waiting for them:
Captain Cold fires his freeze gun, and Aquaman swats the beam with a hunk of wood, bouncing the freezing water back at him and Grodd, trapping them. Aquaman takes a moment to lord it over them:
The other Super Friends do the same to Giganta, Sinestro, and the rest, seemingly defeated for good. But of course Grodd has a trick up his hairy sleeve, and hits a switch which beams them all back to safety, presumably the Legion of Doom headquarters.
So while the villains are free yet again, the Super Friends are confident that they will be around to stop the Legion of Doom wherever they might reappear:
...The End!
I guess The Flash was away on a case since, he's nowhere to be seen in this episode; his particular abilities would have really come in handy on this mission. It's this kind of laissez-faire attitude like this that drove Aquaman to disband the original League.*
Speaking of, this episode is probably Aquaman's finest moment on Challenge of the Super Friends; he gets a big chunk of the action, communicate with his finny friends, tangle with Black Manta directly, and of course come up with that completely insane solution to being trapped in time. And Batman thinks he's clever!
This episode's Aqua-Content: High
*Note: After re-checking this episode, I see that The Flash was present, he's seen standing around the Hall of Justice near the show's third act. His inaction re:letting Superman go back in time to rescue everyone now makes even less sense. You'll never earn a Mego doll this way, Barry!
Labels: super friends episodes
Could there have been a better way to spend a Saturday morning???
r duncan said...
So that's why he disbanded the League and moved it to Detroit! Good plan, Aquaman.
Earth 2 Chris said...
In my humble opinion, Aquaman's finest moment on the Super Friends. It's kind of nuts now, but as a kid that seemed totally logical. And not far off from a Gardner Fox-type solution either.
Rob, there's the Flash right there with Professor Shin...and Batman and Robin, too, who I thought you said were stuck back in Ancient Greece....?? Time travel stories make my head hurt. :-(
Andrew Glenn said...
Say what you want about the Super Friends ruining Aquaman's image, but it was very much like the 60's comic of the Justice League of America where Aquaman's main use would be the water. But from time to time, he'd pitch in for the team in other ways. His super strength and durability was i think first envisioned in the Silver Age Aquaman when Gerry Conway took the Justice League of America comic. But no, Hanna Barbera wasn't out to ruin the character, i feel it was pariodies and comedians and pop culture in response to the episodes that made so many mainstream audiences think he was useless. That and Super Friends is essentially the Justice League. It's a team. They gotta focus on everyone. :)


text:
Am 17. April 1945 kollidierten zwei Boeing-B-17-Bomber der 92nd Bombardment Group der USAAF über der Dippoldiswalder Heide in Sachsen.

Beide Flugzeuge stürzten dadurch ab, dabei kamen 12 der 16 Besatzungsmitglieder ums Leben. Die anderen Flugzeuge der Gruppe bombardierten ab 14:13 Uhr die wenige Kilometer entfernte Stadt Dresden.

Chronologie der Kollision

Um 0:05 Uhr erhielt die auf dem englischen Militärflugplatz RAF Podington stationierte 92nd Bombardment Group (Heavy) im Rahmen der Luftangriffe auf Dresden den Befehl, den Verschiebebahnhof Dresden-Friedrichstadt zu bombardieren. Es sollten 32 B-17-Bomber, drei Reservemaschinen und vier Pfadfindermaschinen starten. Jedes Flugzeug wurde mit vierzehn 250-kg-Sprengbomben beladen. Die 92nd Bombardment Group traf sich an der Sammelstelle südlich von Olbernhau mit anderen Bombergruppen und flog dann Richtung Dresden. Die beiden Unglücksflugzeuge befanden sich mitten in einer 600 Flugzeuge umfassenden Gruppe, als die 92nd Bombardment Group den Befehl bekam, einen 360-Grad-Rechtskreis zu fliegen. Die Besatzung der Führungsmaschine konnte wegen Wolken das Ziel nicht sehen und deshalb die Bomben nicht abwerfen. Die Gruppe sollte aus 6000 Metern Höhe um 2000 Meter unter die Wolkendecke sinken und wenden. Zu Beginn der Wendung näherte sich das Flugzeug (USAAF-Seriennummer 43-39110, Naughty Nancy) mit dem Kommandanten John W. Paul jr, eigentlich links fliegend, dem von Arthur H. Huether gesteuerten Flugzeug 44-8903 von unten und kollidierte mit diesem. Infolgedessen zerbrach Huethers Flugzeug unter dem Pilotensitz. Der hintere Teil des Flugzeuges wurde abgetrennt.

Aus Sicht von Paul driftete die eigentlich rechts fliegende B-17 von Huether über sein Flugzeug hinweg. Die Propeller "zerfraßen" das andere Flugzeug.

Opfer und Überlebende

Aus der 44-8903 konnten sich der Kommandant Art Huether und der 22-jährige Copilot Frank K. Jones mit dem Fallschirm retten. Sechs Soldaten aus diesem Flugzeug starben.

Aus der 43-39110 überlebten der Kommandant John Paul, der Co-Pilot Nathaniel Norman Shane und der Heckschütze Pete Taylor. Die anderen überlebten den Absturz nicht. Lieutenant Shane landete mit dem Fallschirm nahe dem Dorf Reinhardtsgrimma, wo er von Einheimischen gestellt wurde und sich als kriegsgefangen ergab. Ein Hilfspolizist forderte Umstehende zur Ermordung auf, die dies jedoch ablehnten. Ein hinzugekommener, bis heute unbekannt gebliebener SS-Mann erschoss schließlich Lieutenant Shane.

Die anderen Toten wurden in der Heide begraben, 1947 exhumiert und in den USA beigesetzt.

Suche und Entschärfung der Bomben

An der zwei Kilometer langen Schneise, die das Huether-Flugzeug im Wald hinterlassen hat, waren 2013 drei Bombentrichter erkennbar. Die restlichen elf Bomben dieses Flugzeugs wurden gefunden und am 13. November 2013 entschärft. Ob die Bomben des anderen Flugzeugs schon nach dem Krieg geräumt wurden, konnte nicht geklärt werden. Deshalb wurde im Jahr 2014 nach ihnen gesucht. Im März, Juni, Juli und Oktober 2014 wurden elf Bomben gefunden, von denen acht entschärft werden konnten. Drei Bomben mussten vor Ort gesprengt werden, davon eine, die sich unter der Staatsstraße 193 (Antonsweg) befand. Es wird im betroffenen Gebiet der Dippoldiswalder Heide weiter gesucht, da nicht ausgeschlossen werden kann, dass dort weitere Bomben verborgen sind.

Einzelnachweise

Dippoldiswalder
Dippoldiswalder Heide
Dippoldiswalde
Deutschland im Zweiten Weltkrieg
Luftverkehr (Sachsen)
Dippoldiswalde
Verkehr (Deutsches Reich, 1933–1945)
Boeing B-17


Emmaus College is a co-educational Catholic Private High School located over two campuses in Vermont South. The College was started in 1980 and caters to many students. The school has a great focus on faith based learning and provides and encouraging learning environment. The college states that they "offer a broad technology rich curriculum delivered by quality and dedicated teachers".This is evidence that technology is central to the Emmaus College's curriculum. It is considered an important skill and resource for both students and staff. The implementation of technology, especially in a secondary school is necessary for students to learn in high quality and collaborate in order to get the most out of every classroom.
When Emmaus College was looking to upgrade several of their classrooms, they chose the team at DIB to take on the task. In each of the seven classrooms they were updating they wanted to upgrade the projector facilities, audio and connectivity in order to create a holistic technology solution. In consultation with the College, DIB Australia selected the EPSON EB-1460Ui 4400 ANSI WUXGA MeetingMate Finger Touch Interactive Projector. This projector system is in a league of its own as it allows for meeting notes to be captured and instantly printed or emailed. These features mean that students never miss out on a moment of class as they can catch-up or review on lessons. The EPSON EB-1460Ui Meeting Mate offers an updated bright screen, the ability for simultaneous interactivity with 4 specialty pens or finger touch and the ability to collaborate from a remote location.
The EPSON Meeting Mate control panel was also installed to easily control the projector system and ensure the meeting or lecture notes are saved. A USB and HDMI input plate was also installed into each of the classrooms to connect devices easily to the system. Additionally, a 4 speaker ceiling installation inclusive of MPA401 amplifier system was installed to provide high quality audio.


Get to the fun faster with HOLO HOLO CHARTERS—Kaua'i's only charter company that offers daily tours to the dramatic Na Pali Coast and Forbidden Island of Ni'ihau. You'll get a closeup look at the numerous waterfalls and sea caves that dot the Na Pali coastline and Ni'ihau's unique landscape. You'll be able to experience Ni'ihau's vast network of reefs and undersea life with provided snorkel gear and masks. The destination is enhanced only by the voyage aboard the 65' Holo Holo catamaran, serving a full buffet-style lunch and complimentary soda, beer and wine. The Holo Holo is considered the fastest and one of the most comfortable tour boats on Kaua'i. Less time traveling means more time for you to enjoy these fascinating destinations.


text:
const AWS = require('aws-sdk');
const moment = require('moment');
const slack = require('./slack');
const async = require('async');
const colors = require('colors');
const LRU = require('lru-cache');
const _ = require('lodash');
const request = require('request');

var sent = LRU({
  max: 1024 * 100
});

module.exports.watch = function(region) {
  const cloudtrail = new AWS.CloudTrail({ region });

  function log(params) {
    var args = [colors.green(region + ': ')].concat([].slice.call(arguments));
    console.log.apply(console, args);
  };

  const ignoredUsers = process.env.IGNORED_USERNAMES ? process.env.IGNORED_USERNAMES.split(',') : [];
  const ignoredUa = process.env.IGNORED_UA ? process.env.IGNORED_UA.split(',') : [];
  const ignoreELBSelfRegistrations = !!process.env.IGNORE_ELB_SELF_REGISTRATIONS;
  const ignoreElastiCacheSnapshots = !!process.env.IGNORE_ELASTICACHE_SNAPSHOTS;

  // If OpsGenie config api key specified, create and send heartbeats
  const heartbeatName = `CloudTrail Watcher: ${region}`;
  if (process.env.OPS_GENIE_API_KEY) {
    request.post({
      url: 'https://api.opsgenie.com/v1/json/heartbeat',
      json: {
        apiKey: process.env.OPS_GENIE_API_KEY,
        name: heartbeatName,
        enabled: true,
        interval: 5,
        intervalUnit: 'minutes',
      },
    }, (err) => {
      if (err) {
        log(`Error creating ${heartbeatName} heartbeat:`, err);
      } else {
        log(`Heartbeat created: ${heartbeatName}`);
      }
    });
  }

  function findEvents(params) {
    log('query with', params);

    cloudtrail.lookupEvents(params, function(err, data) {
      if (err) { return log(err); }

      if (process.env.OPS_GENIE_API_KEY) {
        request.post({
          url: 'https://api.opsgenie.com/v1/json/heartbeat/send',
          json: {
            apiKey: process.env.OPS_GENIE_API_KEY,
            name: heartbeatName,
          },
        }, (err) => {
          if (err) {
            log(`Error creating ${heartbeatName} heartbeat:`, err);
          } else {
            log(`Heartbeat created: ${heartbeatName}`);
          }
        });
      }

      log(`search returned ${data.Events.length} events`);

      var events = data.Events.map(function (event) {
        if (typeof event.CloudTrailEvent === 'string') {
          event.CloudTrailEvent = JSON.parse(event.CloudTrailEvent);
        }
        return event;
      }).filter(function(event) {
        if (event.CloudTrailEvent.userAgent === 'elasticloadbalancing.amazonaws.com') {
          return false;
        }
        if (ignoreELBSelfRegistrations) {
          if (event.Username.match(/i-[0-9a-f]*/gi)) {
            if (event.EventName === 'RegisterInstancesWithLoadBalancer' ||
                event.EventName === 'DeregisterInstancesFromLoadBalancer') {
              return false;
            }
          }
        }

        if (ignoreElastiCacheSnapshots) {
          if (event.EventName === 'CopySnapshot' ||
              event.EventName === 'CreateSnapshot') {
            return false;
          }
        }

        return !sent.get(event.EventId) &&
               !~ignoredUsers.indexOf(event.Username) &&
               !~ignoredUa.indexOf(event.CloudTrailEvent.userAgent);
      });

      events = _.sortBy(events, 'EventTime');

      async.forEach(events, slack.sendEvent, function (err) {
        if (err) {
          console.error(err);
          return process.exit(1);
        }

        events.forEach(function (event) {
          log('reported event: ', [event.EventId, event.EventTime, event.Username, event.EventName].join(' - '));
          sent.set(event.EventId, true);
        });

        if (typeof data.NextToken !== 'undefined' || !data.NextToken) {
          log('No more events in the previous query.');
          return setTimeout(function () {
            delete params.NextToken;
            // AWS takes like 10 minutes to report activity.
            params.StartTime = moment().add(-60, 'm').toDate();
            findEvents(params);
          }, 30 * 1000);
        }

        log('get more records from previous query');
        params.NextToken = data.NextToken;
        findEvents(params);
      });
    });
  }

  findEvents({
    MaxResults: 20,
    StartTime: moment().add(-60, 'm').toDate()
  });
};


text:
Sage burning as a spiritual cleansing ritual is common at Black Lives Matter protests. Erin Clark/The Boston Globe via Getty Images
Far from being anti-religious, faith and spirituality run deep in Black Lives Matter
September 14, 2020 7.49am EDT
Hebah H. Farrag, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Ann Gleig, University of Central Florida
Hebah H. Farrag
Assistant Director of Research, Center for Religion and Civic Culture, USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences
Ann Gleig
Associate Professor of Religion, University of Central Florida
The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences and University of Southern California provide funding as members of The Conversation US.
Black Lives Matters (BLM) has been portrayed by its detractors as many things: Marxist, radical, anti-American. Added to this growing list of charges is that it is either irreligious or doing religion wrong.
In late July, for instance, conservative commentator Andrew Sullivan tweeted that BLM was "incompatible" with Christianity.
He isn't alone in that belief. Despite receiving the backing of diverse faith leaders and groups, BLM has been attacked by sections of the religious right. One evangelical institution felt compelled to issue a statement warning Christians about the movement's "Godless agenda." Other evangelicals have gone further, accusing BLM founders of being "witches" and "operating in the demonic realm."
Joining conservative Christians are some self-proclaimed liberals and atheists who have also denounced BLM as a social movement that functions like a "cult" or "pseudo" religion.
As scholars of religion, we believe such views fail to acknowledge – let alone engage with – the rich spiritual and religious pluralism of Black Lives Matter. For the past few years, we have been observing the way the movement and affiliated organizations express faith and spirituality.
Since 2015 we have interviewed BLM leaders and organizers as well as Buddhist leaders inspired by the movement. What we found was that BLM was not only a movement seeking radical political reform, but a spiritual movement seeking to heal and empower while inspiring other religious allies seeking inclusivity.
A love letter
Black Lives Matter was born from a love letter.
On July 13, 2013 – the day of the acquittal of George Zimmerman, who had killed an unarmed black teenage named Trayvon Martin – soon-to-be BLM co-founder Alicia Garza, posted "A Love Letter to Black People" on Facebook. She declared:
"We don't deserve to be killed with impunity. We need to love ourselves and fight for a world where black lives matter. Black people, I love you. I love us. We matter. Our lives matter."
Since its inception, BLM organizers have expressed their founding spirit of love through an emphasis on spiritual healing, principles, and practices in their racial justice work.
BLM leaders, such as co-founder Patrisse Cullors, are deeply committed to incorporating spiritual leadership. Cullors grew up as a Jehovah's Witness, and later became ordained in Ifà, a west African Yoruba religion. Drawing on Native American, Buddhist and mindfulness traditions, her syncretic spiritual practice is fundamental to her work. As Cullors explained to us, "The fight to save your life is a spiritual fight."
Theologian Tricia Hersey, known as the "Nap Bishop," a nod to her Divinity degree and her work advocating for rest as a form of resistance, founded the BLM affiliated organization, The Nap Ministry in 2016.
In an interview with Cullors, Hersey said she considers human bodies as "sites of liberation" that connect Black Americans to the "creator, ancestors, and universe." She describes rest as a spiritual practice for community healing and resistance and naps as "healing portals." Hersey connects this belief to her upbringing in the Black Pentecostal Church of God in Christ, where, she explained, "I was able to see the body being a vehicle for spirit."
The movement is committed to spiritual principles, such as "healing justice" – which uses a range of holistic approaches to address trauma and oppression by centering emotional and spiritual well-being – and "transformative justice" which assists with creating processes to repair harm without violence.
Black Lives Matter protesters pray near the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. Drew Angerer/Getty Images
Transformative justice, central to the beliefs of many in the BLM movement, is a philosophic approach to peacemaking. With roots in the Quaker tradition, it approaches harms committed as an opportunity for education. Crime is taken to be a community problem to be solved through mutual understanding, as often seen in work to decriminalize sex work and drug addiction.
BLM affiliated organizer Cara Page, who coined the term "healing justice," did so in response to watching decades of activists commit themselves completely to social justice causes to the detriment of their physical and mental health. She advocates that "movements themselves have to be healing, or there's no point to them."
'Without healing, no justice'
BLM-affiliated organizations utilize spiritual tools such as meditation, reiki, acupuncture, plant medicine, chanting, and prayer, along with other African and Indigenous spiritualities to connect and care for those directly impacted by state violence and white supremacy.
For instance, Dignity and Power Now or DPN, an organization founded by Cullors in Los Angeles in 2012, hosts almost weekly wellness clinics on Sundays, often referred to as "church" by attendees.
On July 26, 2020, they held a virtual event called Calm-Unity, to remind people that "without healing there is no justice." Classes included yoga, meditation, African dance, Chinese medicine, and altar making.
In interviews, movement leaders described honoring their body, mind and soul as an act of resilience. They see themselves as inheritors of the spiritual duty to fight for racial justice, following in the footsteps of freedom fighters like abolitionist Harriet Tubman.
BLM leaders often invoke the names of abolitionist ancestors in a ceremony used at the beginning of protests. In fact, protests often contain many spiritual purification, protection and healing practices including the burning of sage, the practice of wearing white and the creation of sacred sites and altars at locations of mourning.
'More religion, not less'
BLM's rich spiritual expressions have also inspired and transformed many American faith leaders. Black evangelical leader Barbara Salter McNeil credits BLM activists in Ferguson as changing the Christian church by showing racism must be tackled structurally and not just as individual sin.
U.S. Buddhist leaders presented a statement on racial justice to the White House in which they shared they were "inspired by the courage and leadership" of Black Lives Matter. Jewish, Muslim and many other religious organizations, have incorporated BLM principles to make their communities more inclusive and justice oriented.
As University of Arizona scholar Erika Gault observes, "The Black church is not the only religious well from which Black movements have historically drawn," and with Black Lives Matter, "We are actually seeing more religion, not less."
Attempts to erase the rich religious landscape of Black Lives Matter by both conservative and liberal voices continues a long history of denouncing Black spirituality as inauthentic and threatening.
The history of white supremacy, often enacted within institutional Christianity, has often vilified and criminalized Indigenous and African beliefs, promoted the idea that Black people are divinely destined to servitude, and subjected communities to forced conversions.
As Cullors said to us in response to current attacks against BLM as demonic, "For centuries, the way we are allowed to commune with the divine has been policed; in the movement for Black lives, we believe that all connections to the creator are sacred and essential."


text:
Купцо́в — російське прізвище. Відомі носії:

 Купцов Василь Васильович (1899 — 1935) — радянський художник, графік
 Купцов Дмитро Олександрович (1915 — 1997) — розвідник, Герой Радянського Союзу

 Купцова Тетяна Михайлівна (*1945) — живописець, графік.

Примітки


The following text was received from a lady by the name of Anne Harley, requesting help in finding the whereabouts of the house in Benfleet where her grandparents lived from 1914 until some time in the 1920s.
We have searched extensively using OS maps from that period and a house name database on this site, without success. If anyone can shed any light on the location of 'Bryn Teg', please let us know by adding a comment at the foot of this page.
"I wonder if your members can help me work out where my grandparents' house in South Benfleet might have been? My Dad's parents, Annie and Sidney (or Sydney) Fairs Williams, probably started their married life in May 1914 at "Bryn Teg", Vicarage Hill, South Benfleet. The house name is sometimes mis-spelled as "Bryk Teg" , as in their entry in the 1918 electoral register for South Benfleet.
Mr S F Williams of Bryk-Teg, Vicarage Hill was hurrying to catch the 8.14 train to London, when he fell in the churchyard and expired almost immediately. He had been unwell.
"At least that tells us that the location of the house meant that going through the churchyard was a short cut to the station.
I guess that the house was sold some time after 1925 and by October 1928, my grandmother was certainly living in Yorkshire. "Bryn Teg" certainly does not appear on the electoral register for 1929 so the name must have been changed by the new owners.
In the late 1970s I had a look at Vicarage Hill but was not able to work out where my grandparents' house might have been. All we could see then was modern housing and Google Earth seems to confirm that.
The photos below seems to show some of the house's surroundings between 1916 and 1920/21, which might help someone who knows the area better.
Sidney (Sydney) Fairs Williams holding his son Gwynne.
Benfleet Primary School mid 1920s. Anne's father, Gwynne, is 4th from right, back row.
"The gentleman in the above photo used to call my father, who was then about 7-9 years old, "Dwin", presumably because he had misheard "Gwynne". Afraid I can't remember anything else Dad may have told me about him."
Unknown gentleman, possibly Benfleet Creek?
I have a vague memory of a large detached house opposite the top of Green Road. It was on the corner of Hillside Road, and next to it was a small cottage on the corner of Vicarage Hill. Could this have been Bryn Teg. I remember it had green eaves. This was in 1963 (when I was 9) and I think it was demolished soon after. Hope this helps.