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Our faculty is represented by fluent English speakers, approximately 75%, most of them native speakers or with experience in international institutions specializing in the subject they teach.
Most of our teachers and students stay at Prime School for a long time, which makes Prime School one of the most attractive and solid schools.
Every year, new teachers and trainers are invited to bring ideas and different ways of teaching, to meet the teaching expectations defined by Prime School.
Dr. Edite Reina Costa , Pedagogical Director.
Dr. Ana Magalhães Pereira , Executive Director and Primary Coordinator.
Primary Years Teacher and Primary Coordinator
Melissa Ann was born and raised in South Africa. Her passion for teaching and want to help others brought about her studies at Unisa, where she completed her Bachelor of Education in ECD and Foundation Phase and obtained her Honours in Education Management. She furthered her studies by receiving her Certificate in Counselling of children and adolescents. Before making Portugal her home and joining Prime School in 2021, Melissa spent a year in Spain, teaching at an International British School. She has taught across many year groups for close to 12 years now, in South Africa, Spain and Portugal. Melissa has a love for reading and capturing moments and places on camera, sparking an interest in travel. Melissa believes life is there to be explored and enjoyed in all its wonders.
Gillian Stanley
Primary English and Special Needs Teacher
Gillian Stanley was born in Wales. She obtained her degrees through the University of Keele and The Open University. As a teacher and school leader she truly believes that every child matters. Her career has taken her to schools in Wales, England, Europe and the Middle East. As a special educationalist, primary school teacher and teacher of English, her joy in teaching and learning has touched the lives of students internationally. For Gillian, Prime School offers every student the opportunity to fly.
Sara Jorge
Primary and Secondary Robotics/ICT Teacher
Sara is from Lisbon, Portugal. She starts her studies at ESEIMU – Escola Superior de Educadores de Infância Maria Ulrich, Lisbon and she finished her graduation in 2011. Since 2012 she has been a primary school teacher. She has always been fascinated by the world of technology and since 2018 has graduated in Robotics and ICTs.In 2022, she joined Prime School International team to become Robotics and ICT teacher.
Natacha Rüffer
Natacha completed a Master's Degree in Clinical and Health Psychology at the Faculty of Education and Psychology of the Portuguese Catholic University. The experience of private tutoring opened the door to the wider world of teaching. Being a psychologist, beyond teaching, Natacha is also there to give guidance to students who require it.
Taylor Bakos
Taylor is a Native English speaker, born and raised in the heart of South Africa. She holds a qualification in Teaching English as a Foreign Language and Business English. Taylor has used her knowledge from her completed short courses in Child Psychology and Teaching Assistance to focus on the needs of each student as an individual. Taylor enjoys various sports codes, stemming from her sporty background, even representing her country internationally for Dance. Taylor has experience in teaching at Holistic Education Centre and private tutoring. She moved to Portugal recently and is eager to extend her love, knowledge and experience with children.
Natalie Howells
Natalie was born in Canada and grew up there speaking English and French. She has been living in the U.S. for the past ten years, which is where she received her Bachelor's degree in Elementary Education. She has been teaching primary school for over seven years, teaching all core subjects including STEM and leadership. She spent a semester teaching ESL in China and has experience doing ESL tutoring online. When she isn't teaching, Natalie loves writing, playing the piano and drums, and trying new restaurants with her family. Natalie made the move to Portugal in June and is really loving the experience of being here and is ready to share her knowledge and experience with our Prime School learners.
Kiran Sunil
Kiran holds a Bachelor's degree in Education and has twenty-two years of teaching experience as a primary teacher in different Cambridge school systems. She completed her professional training in education at Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad Pakistan obtaining a diploma in Montessori Education from Rawalpindi Pakistan as well as a diploma in Education Methodology from Peshawer Pakistan. Kiran joined our Prime School International team in 2016.
Cátia De Almeida
Cátia has been an integral part of our Prime School International team since 2013 and holds a Master's degree in Education, completing her professional training by obtaining a diploma in Primary Education and Early Childhood Education from Escola Superior de Educação de Santarém, Portugal. She has also taught Portuguese as a Second Language to our foreign students preparing them for the IGCSE Cambridge Exams. Her pursuits in the contemporary field of education continue as she is currently undertaking a course in Special Needs Education.
Sandra Carvalho
Primary Teacher's Assistant and Cooking Arts Teacher
Sandra has vast experience within a primary classroom. Her passion for children led her to become a Primary Teacher's Assistant. She has been our resident classroom assistant for the past 5 years. Your children are in safe, caring hands. Miss. Sandra takes the utmost care with your little ones' playtime, meal times, and overall care. In addition, she has fully enjoyed sharing her second passion, cooking, with our student body, ensuring that our students learn that the simple task of everyday cooking is a fundamental, yet enjoyable life-enhancing skill.
Elsa Fahrner
Drama and Music Primary Teacher
Elsa Fahrner was born in Switzerland and is multilingual, proficient in English, Spanish, and French. She also speaks Italian and German and has had the opportunity of living and work in several countries such as Brazil and France. She holds a Bachelor of Education from Escola Superior Educação. Elsa also holds a Postgraduate degree in Health and Safety at Work. She continued her scholarly pursuits obtaining her Higher Education Teaching Certificate from Harvard University. Elsa also volunteers as a technical psychologist for the Lisbon Red Cross. Elsa proudly joined our Prime School International teaching team in 2011.
Sofia Caessa
Sofia was born in Portugal and spent her childhood in the Netherlands and Brazil, where she studied in international schools. She has also lived in the U.S.A. and Belgium. Being a professional screenwriter, Sofia has worked in Film as a writer and also producer. In Brussels, she worked as an English teacher and as a writer for a magazine that catered to the international community. Sofia's work is mainly focused on children: running creative writing workshops and a film academy, and as the editor of a children's publishing house. Sofia is a published author of children's books and, recently, a memoir.
Alexandra Fernandes
Physical Education Primary Teacher
Alexandra was born in Portugal, having graduated in Physical Education. She went on to pursue her career in being a football coach and a swimming teacher. Her innate capacity to relate to all her students came from her own experience of being a professional athlete. Alexandra also speaks English, Spanish and French.
Leader Yu
English ESL, Mandarin Chinese, ICT, EVT and STEAM Primary Teacher
Leader Yu has experience in linguistics, art, and science. He applies various teaching methods and has developed over the years as a teacher a system of his own. He focuses on the specific needs of each student as an individual. He lived in several countries where he gained unique knowledge and experiences, which he aims to transmit to his students. He taught different subjects such as English ASL, Mandarin Chinese, ICT, EVT, STEAM, Robotics, and Career programs in Prime School. All this diversity is only possible because of his unique curriculum and life experience. The motto of 'strive to make your hand-print larger than your footprint' is applied right now in his life. That is why he is a part-time farmer.
Zoë Jones.
Primary teacher.
Zoë, a native South African, was born and raised in the coastal city of Durban acheiving her teaching qualification through SANTS Teaching College. She then taught for two years and was appointed Head of her schools Grade R teachers in South Africa. Her love of sports, music, art and most of all…children lead her to pursue the vocation of teaching. Zoë is passionate about rising to the challenge of guiding her students to discover and develop their innate gifts. She is dedicated to caring for her students as if they were her own. Zoë relocated to Portugal at the beginning of September 2022 joining our Prime School Primary team.
Edite Reina Costa , Pedagogical Director.
Francisco Saraiva, Executive Director.
Francisca Wright de Menezes Ferreira
Coordinator of Secondary1 & Science Teacher
Francisca completed a university degree in biology at Marymount Manhattan College, followed by postgraduate specializations in Oceanography at S.E.A./Boston University. She later pursued a postgraduate degree in Neurosciences and Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Arizona School of Medicine as well as professional training in Science Education and Communication at The Gulbenkian Institute of Science, in Portugal. She was a research scientist for ten years at several scientific institutions in the U.S.A. She collaborated on the installation of the Lisbon Aquarium. After EXPO'98, Francisca cooperated with the National Intersectoral Oceanographic Commission/Ministry of Science, Technology, and Higher Education as well as the Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM). In 2012, her passion for communication and education led her to teach at Prime School International.
James Lomba
Social Sciences, Humanities and English teacher
James is from Nottingham, England but grew up in Portugal. He returned to England to do his undergraduate degree in Social Policy at the University of Nottingham then spent three years working in Portugal as a teaching assistant at the end of which he completed his PGCE, again with the University of Nottingham. He is passionate about cultivating curiosity and critical-thinking skills amongst his students. He joined the Prime School team in 2022 to teach Social Sciences, Humanities and English.
Vanessa Livramento
Form Tutor Year 7B & Science and Chemistry Teacher
Vanessa is from Portugal, where she studied Materials Engineering at Universidade Nova de Lisboa. In her last year of graduation, she received the best student award. After finishing her degree Vanessa started to work in scientific research in LNEG, collaborating on several projects around the world. One of the most important projects was finding the best material to build the inside wall of a nuclear reactor in Japan. This year she is taking her Master's Degree in Physics and Chemistry Education at Universidade de Lisboa and she joined Prime school to become a science teacher.
Form Tutor Year 8 & Secondary History Teacher
João has been the History teacher of Prime School for the past two years, during which time he has shared his prodigious understanding of History with our students. Mr. João studied Social Sciences, Humanities, and ISCTE at NOVA University, in Lisbon for seven years, holding a Bachelor's and Master's Degree. He then attended a Ph.D. for two years. Prime School International was his first choice when deciding to embark on his teaching career.
Ilda Veiga
Coordinator of Secondary2 & Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry Teacher
Ms. Ilda has acquired the CCP (Pedagogical Skills Certificate for Professional Trainers) and complimented her 5-year degree in Mechanical Engineering by accomplishing the respective Master's degree at Nova University in Lisbon. Professor Ilda, Mechanical Engineer, is one of the members of the department of Sciences at Prime School International, where she trains students who will pursue areas in the fields of Physics, Mathematics, and Chemistry. Several of our students have benefited immensely from her tutelage and have gone on to study at the best Universities of Engineering, Industrial Management, Electrical, and Computer Engineering.
Aparna Choudhury
Form Tutor Year 9A & Science and Mathematics Teacher.
Aparna, a native Indian working at Prime School International as a secondary teacher, has a Master's in Zoology and teaching certification in child psychology and child Education. In addition to being trained in Indian classical dance, she also enjoys painting and gardening. In the past, Aparna has been involved in various school projects involving waste management and environmental issues. Her experience as an educator in international schools in India spans more than 20 years. She is fluent in English, Hindi, and Bengali.
Form Tutor Year 9B & Spanish Teacher
Mr. Eduardo has the ability to adapt his lesson plans to our student's needs and goals. He also has the creativity in order to make learning fun and original.
Nikki Rebelo
Form Tutor Year 10, English Teacher Assistant & Special Needs Coordinator
Nikki Rebelo is a trained and experienced special needs therapist and English teacher Assistant with 15 years of experience. She has worked with a large international English school and is trained in Handle Gentle Enhancement for special needs. Nikki grew up in South Africa and moved to Portugal in 2019, joining Prime School International in January 2021.
Ana M. Ferraria
Coordinator Upper Secondary Year 11 and 12 & Upper Secondary Math and Physics Teacher
Ms. Ana holds a Physics Engineering degree from Instituto Superior Técnico and had the opportunity to complete part of her studies at the Université Libre de Bruxelles, where she decided to broaden her horizons. She spent the next years studying art and was awarded a Ph.D. Degree in Literary Studies at the University of Lisbon. Ana joined our Prime School International teaching team in 2018, where she teaches Math, Physics, and Portuguese. She is a rock climber and a Nature enthusiast.
Shazia Patel
Form Tutor Year 11 & Business and English Teacher.
Ms. Shazia is an amalgamation of cultures, born and raised in South Africa. She studied a B.Sc. in International Business Administration and Tourism development from Modul University in Austria, then completed a postgraduate degree in Digital marketing and an MBA in petroleum and gas management. Shazia worked for a vast number of firms and most recently with the United Nations. Her desire to explore and learn about new cultures brought her to Lisbon, where she furthered her studies and then began working at Prime School International as a teacher in her field of study. During her free time, Shazia enjoys reading, swimming and traveling.
Filipe Leal
Form Tutor Year 12 & Secondary Science, Biology and Mathematics Teacher
Mr. Filipe is a Portuguese bilingual speaker who grew up in the beautiful coastal city of Caldas da Rainha. He graduated in Applied Chemistry from Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Due to his passion for understanding living systems, he then decided to deepen his knowledge by obtaining a Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, specializing in the field of the Cell Cycle and the Cytoskeleton. During his scientific studies, the pleasure of being able to share his knowledge led him to pursue his teaching career, where he successfully instigates curiosity and aids students in questioning the unquestionable, which is at the core of anyone willing to become a scientist. Mr. Filipe proudly joined our Prime School international community in 2017 where he continues to challenge students' minds, ensuring that they excel at their limits.
Sandra Tarré
Coordinator of Advanced Levels and Examiner Officer of Year 13 & Secondary Science Teacher
Sandra completed a University degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences at the Pharmacy College of the University of Lisbon, followed by postgraduate specializations in Clinical laboratory analysis, at the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Lisbon, she later pursued a postgraduate degree and professional training in Educational Sciences at the Open University of Lisbon. She was a Quality Auditor at clinical laboratories and was responsible for the hematology, biochemistry, microbiology, and endocrinology sectors. In 2009, her passion for communication and education lead her to join our Prime School International teaching team, where she teaches Science in Secondary 1, Physics and Chemistry in Secondary 2, Chemistry AS and A level, Physics AS, and Advanced A levels. Sandra was appointed as our Prime School International Cambridge Exams Officer in 2013, coordinating the registration, preparation, and overall supervision of exams for Cambridge Assessment International Education. As Coordinator of Y13, Sandra also provides student guidance and manages the University application process for Portuguese Universities.
Brígida Pereira
Form tutor Year 13 & Secondary English Teacher
Brigida is a bilingual speaker who grew up in London. It has always been her ambition to be an educator with a specific focus on the English Language. She earned her double BA Honours degree from Middlesex University and stayed on to study for her PGCE in Modern Languages. Thereafter, she pursued her teaching career in Paris and Valencia until eventually moving to Portugal. Here she was fortunate enough to become a teacher at Prime School International. Upon becoming a Technical English Lecturer, she went on to undertake a Ph.D. in Adult Education. She tries to encourage all her students to be inspirational, she fully believes in the saying "You must decide if you want to be a perfect teacher or an inspirational teacher".
Vânia Silva
Secondary Portuguese Teacher
Vania Silva was appointed as our Portuguese teacher in 2010, specializing in the lesser-known language of Camões. Her students qualified for the Portuguese Language Olympics, finishing in the top 3, which is a testament to her excellent tutelage and inspirational enthusiasm for the Portuguese language.
Howard Banks
Design & Technology Teacher
As a Design, Technology, and English teacher, Howard encourages, motivates, and inspires our students to design and create objects that have practical use, using a variety of techniques. Design and technology is a broad subject covering topics such as craft skills, the use of tools, graphic communication, computer-aided design, and mechanical systems. Howard is responsible for delivering high-quality teaching with the aim of helping students develop a broad base of skills through practical, investigational, and theoretical work across all Key Stages. He demonstrates excellent subject knowledge and communicates this in an enthusiastic and imaginative way in both practical and theory lessons.
Diogo Baldo
Secondary Physical Education Teacher
Diogo knew where his future lay from a tender age - becoming a PE teacher and a football coach. His unwavering dedication to this goal ensured that he focused all his energy on and completed a broad range of courses, ensuring he improved his skills and knowledge. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Physical Education, a Post Graduation in High-Performance Football Coaching, and a Master's Degree in Sport Education. He has worked for the Cascais City Hall as coordinator of the youth volunteer programme "Sports Volunteer" and worked on some of the biggest sports events to be hosted in Portugal: IronMan, Volvo Ocean Race, and many more. He joined the team of Prime School International in 2017 and his main teaching ethos is to aid all his students in growing and developing a healthy mind and body for life.
Stefanie Pullin
Arts & Design Teacher from Primary to Advanced Levels
Born in Guatemala, Stefanie moved to Portugal and started her studies in Visual Arts in 2011. Her starting point was a year in Ar.Co Academy in Lisbon, Portugal studying painting and fine arts. Stefanie then completed her degree at the Fine Arts University of Lisbon, where she created and developed the basis of her visual work. She lived and studied in France for 6 months at the University of Paris VIII during her third year of University. She completed her degree in Visual Arts in 2015 and started Teaching Art & Design. Stefanie became a part of the Prime School team in 2018 and continues to develop her body of artistic work alongside her educational path.
Maria de la Conception
Spanish and Animal Science Teacher
Maria is passionate about the Spanish language and culture. She is energetic and able to inspire passion for the language in their students.
Amanda Costa Santos
Amanda is from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where she started her studies in Science communication at Pontifícia Universidade Católica, PUC-Rio. Her intellectual curiosity and eagerness to learn brought her to Portugal, where she completed a Marketing Degree at the University Of Algarve. She joined the Prime School International team as our Marketing Manager and Marketing Teacher for Career Programmes.
Bruna Silva, Sintra Front Office
Tânia Cardoso , Estoril Front Office.
Gabrielle Parrinha, Pedagogical Secretariat.
Frederico Amaral, Operational Department.
Arnaldo Neves, Maintenance and Security Coordinator.
Ema Mossamedes, Accounting Department.
Guilherme Silva , Commercial and Administrative Assistant.
Artur Shirokov , Commercial and Accounting Assistant.
Humberto Antunes, Marketing Assistant.
Ana Paula , Maintenance Department.
Helena, Maintenance Department.
Sandra, Maintenance Department.
Teresa, Kitchen Staff.


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Boost Your Financial Freedom with Litecoin (LTC) and Persystic Token ($PSYS)- Latest Crypto News
Every nation has a varied level of economic freedom, and as economies throughout the world develop, governments gain greater control over their citizens' financial and economic liberties. Young investors' top asset investment option has been shown to be cryptocurrencies. Persystic Token news..
Today's college students are also making cryptocurrency investments. A crucial aspect of the bitcoin economy is that mining is a shared good, as opposed to double spending, which depends on personal incentives to undo specific transactions. Investing in cryptocurrencies like Litecoin (LTC) and PSYS Token will facilitate emigration to a better life and aid in the improvement of economies in nations with less economic freedom.
Litecoin (LTC) has been considered one of the first altcoins to be developed in the history of cryptocurrencies. Litecoin was created by Charlie Lee, a former Google engineer and was officially launched in October 2013. Just like other decentralized cryptocurrencies, Litecoin is not created by a government and it has historically been the only institution that the public has confidence in to create money. Litecoin (LTC) is produced via a complex cryptocurrency process called mining, which involves processing a list of Litecoin transactions, as opposed to being controlled by a central bank.
Litecoin (LTC) operates via an open source network and one of Litecoin's key goals is to be a cryptocurrency with quicker block creation, less expensive commissions, and a reliable payment substitute. Since this product functions via the eCommerce market, quick payments are supported.There are a total of 84 million coins available for this cryptocurrency. Its proof-of-work (PoW)-based consensus process employs the Scrypt hash function. This method is significantly smaller than SHA-256 while maintaining security.
The Litecoin network is four times quicker than the Bitcoin (BTC) network since it generates blocks in just two and a half minutes. Additionally, the blockchain is incredibly light due to the average block size of 65KB. The block reward for miners and the emission of Litecoin are both controlled by the halving algorithm, much like Bitcoin (BTC). Litecoin is rolling out a range of features that are sure to entice the crypto community.
Persystic Token (PSYS)
Persystic Token (PSYS) is a decentralized cryptocurrency exchange built on the Binance Smart Chain platform. The project was developed to fix the issues that users encounter while using social media platforms like Facebook and the like. The Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of People (IoP) are both applicable classifications to describe Persystic. The platform was developed to create a money making avenue for content creators in moral and ethical ways by adding value to the numerous social interactions they participate in as well as their talents.
Persystic has the potential to become a standardized and decentralized social media platform. This is because the BEP-20 token standard is compatible with the ERC-20 token standard. As a consequence of this, users on other ERC-20 platforms are able to interact and transfer tokens without any hassle. The following are some examples of activities that users can benefit from while participating in the Persystic ecosystem – The site allows users to exchange or sell their Persystic to other users. Another is an individual may acquire rights for many forms of content, including movies and photos, on the website. Users can also immediately exchange Persystic for fiat money or other cryptocurrencies using their own wallets. Regular users may earn prizes using the Persystic app when they contribute content on the Persystic platform.
Persystic wants to bring the vast array of nterests of people together and enable commercial connections via the use of a social network that is both open and decentralized. It also hopes to add value to any artistically produced material, thereby allowing users to advance their talents, creating a direct link between the general public and individuals who create content in a completely decentralized manner. Persystic also wants to create a bridge of communication between famous people and influencers and their network in order to support the expansion and empowerment of their own businesses.
It is always wise to research before investing in any crypto, you'd be wise to look into both Litecoin (LTC) and Persystic (PSYS).
For more information, visit:
Website: http://persystic.io/
Telegram: https://t.me/PersysticTokenOfficial
Twitter: https://twitter.com/PersysticToken
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The release of our Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde tour in London!
The Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde London walking tour i released. Do you like gothic horror stories? Well, we hope that you will enjoy our newly released "The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde" London StoryTour!
"The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde" StoryTour invites you to step into the story of the shape shifting doctor.
Mr. Utterson has always been a loyal friend of Doctor Henry Jekyll's. But lately, even he has started questioning the judgement of the revered doctor. Why did Henry Jekyll suddenly want to change his will, leaving his fortune to a man everyone seems to despise and fear? Why does he isolate himself and disappear for weeks on end? And most importantly – what kind of horrid experiments is he conducting in his laboratory?
Join the quest for the truth!
An ambitious journalist has uncovered the unbelievable story of the shapeshifting doctor. She'll guide you through the dark Victorian streets and alleys of London on this chilling audio walking tour. And is eager to share all the details of a gruesome string of murders occurring around London's busy Fleet Street with you. Because no editor will allow her to publish the news in the paper.
Explore London's ancient Fleet Street and Temple area with this self-guided audio tour.
Explore London!
This StoryTour is based on Robert Louis Stevenson's short story "Strange Case of Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde". It'll send you to explore the ancient area of Temple and Fleet street. You will have to keep your eyes and ears open during this self-guided walking tour. Several clues, interactions and puzzles are hidden in your surroundings – just waiting for you to find them.
Both a guide and a game, this walking tour ties fiction and reality together to create a captivating experience.
Join us and step into the story with "The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde"!
Read more and purchase here
Please note that this audio walking tour is self-guided via a GPS-based app downloaded to your smartphone. You have to go to the tour's starting point at 216 Strand in London to be able to start the tour.
This walking tour is perfect for anyone who wants to go sightseeing in London in a fun and flexible manner, as well as for audio book- and puzzle game fans! You can start, pause and end the tour whenever it suits you.
Our StoryTours are social distance-friendly activities, but we ask you to please adhere to all precautions issued by the British government.
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5 books, movies and a podcast for the Christmas holidays
Moa Gammel Ginsburg skriver om 2000-talets Gertrud
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Wallander self-guided Ystad audio walking tour soon to be released on Sherlock Holmes – the father of modern forensics


We've already brought you some choice Kanye West quotes from his rant at a London concert on Saturday, but there's one we missed. The rapper sized up one of his biggest and, certainly, most famous critics by saying that he doesn't really care what "the president" thought of him.
"I don't give a f--k what the president's got to say," the rapper intoned in a freestyle-like screed that also included digs at Justin Timberlake, Jay-Z, the Grammys and "business people."
Barack Obama has twice called West a "jackass," mostly in reference to West's 2009 interruption of Taylor Swift at the VMAs.
"I've got love for Hov but I ain't f--king with that 'Suit & Tie,'" West also said, dinging Timberlake's comeback single which features Jay-Z. Jay-Z and West are longtime collaborators and close friends, so it's a bit surprising to see the former in the latter's crosshairs. Some have said West meant for "suit and tie" to be taken as a metaphor for corporations and corporate mentalities, but he had to have known how it would be taken.
West also appeared to end his set in a fit of screams (see below), wrapping "Touch the Sky" and sending his microphone skidding into the audience. Surprised gasps can be heard in the fan-made video below.


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Maisie Williams opens up about that sex scene in Game of Thrones
Marie Claire 24/04/2019 4:46 pm
©2017 Home Box Office, Inc. All
It was all shits and giggles - she thought
Words by Maisie Bovingdon
Game of Thrones series eight, the season to end all seasons has landed, and though only two episodes have aired so far it has already been a huge talking point.
But there was one scene in particular that caused a storm. Maisie Williams – who plays Arya Stark – had a sex scene with Joe Dempsie's character Gendry on the night before The Battle of Winterfell.
On Sunday night the intimate moment Arya lost her virginity aired, but right up until rehearsals Maisie, 22, thought it was a prank written into the script by directors David Benioff and Dan Weiss to throw everyone off, because they have previously sent hoax scripts to the cast in the past.
But, boy was she wrong.
She told Entertainment Weekly: 'At first, I thought it was a prank. I was like, "Yo, good one." And [the showrunners were] like, "No, we haven't done that this year."'
She continued: 'I got to the read-through and I'm reading the scene and thought, "Oh, we're actually going to do this."'
When Maisie realised the scene was set to be filmed, her head was filled with a tonne of questions.
Speaking about her preparation for the moment, she said: '"When do I shoot this? I need to go to the gym." A whole list of things.'
But the sex scene was as explicit as some that have previously previewed on the HBO series, and Maisie was given full control of how exposed she wanted to be.
She explained: 'David and Dan were like: "You can show as much or as little as you want." So I kept myself pretty private.
'I don't think it's important for Arya to flash. This beat isn't really about that. And everybody else has already done it on the show.'
The final episode of Game of Thrones airs on 19th May.
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Let our experience work for you.
Criminal Law Overview
A Law Firm Dedicated to Protecting Your Rights
Chesapeake Juvenile Defense Lawyer
When young people are arrested for alleged criminal activity, they worry that their lives are over before they have truly begun. Successfully handling a juvenile criminal charge is about more than just securing a plea deal or not-guilty verdict. It is about handling the case in such a way as to prevent the alleged mistake from ruining a child's life. At Jankell & Ireland, we are committed to protecting the constitutional rights and futures of young people who face criminal allegations in Virginia's Hampton Roads region.
Underage Possession Of Alcohol And Other Common Juvenile Crimes
As Chesapeake juvenile defense attorneys, we have represented young people accused of all types of crimes, including:
Underage alcohol possession
Crimes on school property
A criminal record can severely limit a young person's future. Young people can lose access to scholarships, financial aid and become ineligible for military service. Our role is to take proactive steps to minimize the impact that a criminal charge may have on your child's life. Negotiating with prosecutors to reduce or eliminate the charges, expungement and record sealing are all possibilities for protecting your child's future. When you meet with our lawyers, we will review the charges that your child is facing and determine whether these are viable options for your child.
Navigating the criminal justice system is always a challenge, but it can be particularly difficult for young people. We are committed to providing guidance and support as your case makes its way through the system.
Contact Jankell & Ireland
If your child has been arrested, do not wait. Protect his or her future by contacting our office at 757-401-4845 or 866-348-2624.
to see how we can help you.
Jankell & Ireland is located in Chesapeake, Virginia, and serves communities throughout Hampton Roads, including Chesapeake, Virginia Beach, Norfolk, Portsmouth and Suffolk.
© 2021 Jankell & Ireland, P.C.. All Rights Reserved.
8.9Peter Jay Jankell
Jankell & Ireland, P.C.
1228 Progressive Dr Ste. 102


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UN Security Council to Hold Emergency Syria Talks
Thursday July 5th, 2018 by Al-Araby al-Jadeed (London-based pan-Arab newspaper)
The session was called by Sweden and it plans to address the on-going ground and air offensive and the dire humanitarian situation writes Al-Araby al-Jadeed
The UN Security Council will hold an emergency meeting on Thursday to discuss the Syrian army's Russia-backed offensive against rebel groups that has forced some 300,000 people to flee, diplomats said.
Sweden, which holds the rotating Security Council presidency, requested the closed-door meeting along with Kuwait, Swedish diplomats said on Tuesday.
The United Nations estimates that between 270,000 and 330,000 Syrians have fled since Jun. 19, 2018, as the bombings in the southwestern province of Daraa continues.
For Thursday's meeting, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs will report to the 15 Council members about the humanitarian situation in Daraa, which borders Jordan.
The increased violence "indicates yet another failure by the parties of the conflict to protect civilians and civilian infrastructure," Sweden's UN mission said.
"Efforts must be intensified to de-escalate violence, also to enable the UN cross-border convoy from Jordan that is on standby at the border to deploy as soon as possible."
Jordan and Israel have said their borders would remain closed, even as tens of thousands of Syrians flee the government offensive.
Jordan, which has recorded some 650,000 Syrian refugees on its soil to the UN, says it can no longer accept more.
"Intense air and ground based strikes have reportedly continued in multiple areas in Syria's Daraa Governorate, resulting in the death and injury of civilians and the largest displacement in the area since the conflict began," UN deputy spokesman Farhan Haq told reporters.
"The situation for internally displaced people at the Jordanian border is precarious, aggravated by dusty desert winds and high temperatures of up to 45 degrees Celsius (113 Fahrenheit)."
He pointed to local reports of at least 12 children, two women and one elderly man who have died near the Jordanian border from scorpion bites, dehydration and disease spread through contaminated water.
Haq said the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights had urged Jordan to open its border and for other countries in the region to welcome the civilian refugees.
More than 350,000 people have been killed since Syria's brutal civil war began in 2011, with millions more displaced. All international calls to halt the offensive in Daraa have so far fallen on deaf ears.
This article was edited by The Syrian Observer. Responsibility for the information and views set out in this article lies entirely with the author.


A paperboy is inspired to experiment with time/space after a mysterious apparition interrupts his morning route. Now he's got a time portal. All he needs to do is figure out what it's for.
Note: Mulberries on the Edge of Forever contains some harsh language.
Sep 9, 2017: I was thinking of giving up on this after a couple of chapters, thinking that it was a bit pretentious. Having gone all the way through the eight chapters currently available, I'm glad I didn't. It is a little pretentious, but it's in a good cause, an interesting experimental story that's part biography part time-travel story. At the moment it's still a little disjointed, but the disparate parts are beginning to come together and I'm intrigued enough to want to keep going.
The narrative mostly focuses on the main character as a high school student in 1977. An experiment he performs creates a mysterious and unsettling 'Thing', that has something to do with connections to incidents in his past and future.
I'm a few years younger than the protagonist of the story, but close enough in age to enjoy some of the nostalgia. I find the experiences that the character relates entertaining, but I don't yet have a very strong sense of who the character is as a person. I suspect that this is partly deliberate—the character's first name is the same as the author's, leading to the question of how much of this is autobiographical. That's one of the questions that's tempting me to stay with the story.
The writing is clean and fairly minimalist, which I quite like. I do have an issue with the large number of short paragraphs and even one word paragraphs. Writing like this works fine in a printed book, but on a phone it becomes a bit of a chore to scroll through it all.
As I say, Mulberries is only eight parts in, and at this point I'm not 100% sure if I like it or not. The star rating I gave it is extremely tentative. What I do know is that I'm going to stick around and find out. There's something haunting about it, and I'd really like to see where it's going. And if you're looking for something a little different and a little cerebral, I recommend giving it a go.


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Linia zasilająca – linia wężowa od nasady hydrantu lub nasady tłocznej pojazdu pożarniczego do nasady ssawnej pompy pożarniczej lub bezpośrednio do zbiornika samochodu pożarniczego.

Zobacz też
linia gaśnicza
linia główna
linia ssawna

Środki i sprzęt gaśniczy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Simplício Coelho de Rezende (Piripiri, 1 de abril de 1841- Manaus, 15 de fevereiro de 1915) foi um advogado, jornalista e político do Brasil durante o Império.

Biografia
Nascido em 1841 em Piripiri, estado do Piauí, era filho do Tenente-Coronel Simplício Coelho de Rezende e de Rosa Lina de Castelo Branco. Formou-se em Direito em Recife em 1868, retornando posteriormente ao Piauí, onde foi Promotor Público em Piracuruca e Parnaíba e Juiz Municipal em Barras. Exerceu também o magistério, tornando-se professor de Geografia no Liceu Piauiense. Coelho de Rezende foi um  notável jornalista, redigindo os jornais A Época, A Falange e o O Democrata.

Elegeu-se em 1870 Deputado Provincial pelo Partido Conservador, cargo que ocupou até 1873. Em 1885 elegeu-se Deputado Geral pelo Piauí, cargo que ocupou até 1889. Na assembleia legislativa do Império propôs a rede telegráfica do Piauí. Em 1886, ao defender o militar Pedro José de Lima, acusado de corrupção, discursou violentamente contra o Coronel Ernesto Augusto da Cunha Matos, o que gerou a mais grave das questões militares do Império. Ao ser proclamada a República, foi vítima de perseguições políticas que o levaram a se transferir para o Amazonas, onde exerceu a advocacia e foi um dos fundadores da Escola Universitária de Manaus, em 1909, assim como primeiro diretor da Faculdade de Direito.

Simplício permaneceu ligado à família imperial exilada, hospedando-se em suas viagens à Europa na residência de D. Luiz de Orleans e Bragança. Seu filho mais velho, Simplício Coelho de Mello Rezende, foi Secretário Político de D. Luiz de Orleans e Bragança e traduziu, juntamente com este príncipe, o livro Sob o Cruzeiro do Sul, cuja edição em português foi custeada pelo Centro Monarquista do Amazonas.

Em 1910, Coelho de Rezende teve sua residência bombardeada pela Armada no célebre episódio do Bombardeio de Manaus. O motivo de sua casa ter sido alvo de ataques não foi devidamente esclarecido, mas provavelmente se deve ao fato de que a residência era próxima da casa do Governador do Estado Antônio Clemente Ribeiro Bittencourt , sendo atingida por engano.

Faleceu em Manaus em 15 de fevereiro de 1915. Foi homenageado com nome de importante rua em Teresina (Coelho de Rezende). É patrono da cadeira 26 da Academia Piauiense de Letras.

Simplício Coelho de Rezende era casado com a pernambucana Candida Nympha de Mello Rezende e deixou notável descendência, a destacar seu filho Análio de Mello Rezende, advogado e professor emérito da Faculdade de Direito do Amazonas, seu neto Jorge Rezende, obstetra, professor emérito da UFRJ e membro da Academia Nacional de Medicina e seu bisneto Álvaro Rubin de Pinho, psiquiatra, Presidente da Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria e professor emérito pela Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia. Simplício era ainda sogro do Senador Aristides Rocha e do Governador do Amazonas César do Rego Monteiro, bem como tio-avô do diplomata piauiense Expedito Freitas Rezende.

Bibliografia
 Bastos, Cláudio de Albuquerque. Dicionário Histórico e Geográfico do Estado do Piauí. Teresina: Fundação Cultural Monsenhor Chaves-PMT, 1994. p. 600
 Doria, Franscisco Antonio. Com a colaboração de Ricardo Teles Araujo, Gilson Nazareth, Jorge Ricardo Fonseca e Carlos Barata. Os Herdeiros do Poder. Rio de Janeiro: Revan, 1994, 2º edição rev. e ampl. 1995.
 Bittencourt, Agnello. Dicionário Amazonense de biografias: vultos do passado. Rio de Janeiro, Conquista, 1973.
 Coelho de Rezende, Adauto. Dr. Simplicio Coelho de Rezende-Biografia Resumida. Rio de Janeiro, 1981.

Advogados do Piauí
Deputados do Império do Brasil
Nascidos em 1841
Naturais de Piripiri (Piauí)
Jornalistas do Piauí
Advogados do Amazonas
Mortos em 1915


How to uninstall Smart Pc Care?
There is only a Beta version of Smart Pc Care available currently. It was developed by a commercial business called Mindspark, which is well-known for a few other toolbars, such as KnowTheBible Toolbar, OnlineMapFinder Toolbar, ButterflyField Toolbar, Zwinky Toolbar, etc. It might seem as an effective and attractive app but it's encouraged to eliminate this toolbar from you system as it may be dangerous and redirect you to corrupted sites. Should you have sighted ads named alongside a motto "Ads by Smart Pc Care" or "Brought to you by Smart Pc Care" on any of your internet browsers – your machine is undoubtedly harmful and you ought to take care of that. Since this is German program, it's possible that it spreads with German application. So to steer clear of this, you should be really vigilant during the installation procedure and do not jump over any phases. Net people maintain specified to recognize this utility in their devices and insistently tried to eliminate it.
Before into, Smart Pc Care installs Like on a examined operating system it might display 35 hurdles of "Junk Files" that can salvage 29 kilobytes of space. This imitation of a device check is executed with feverish haste so that you are able to barely consult it a credible operating system checkup. Do not believe these statements as this might be a mere effort to make you purchase a full version of the Smart Pc Care software. If you don't see Smart Pc Care categorized or hold difficulty along with other commercials, you need to implement defense utlity applications such as Anti-Malware Tool or StopZilla and scan your machine in addition to it.
Should you have witnessed this bothersome program on your pc and you carryn't installed it knowingly, you need to terminate Smart Pc Care from your machine asap. These pages is going to not present you anything positive or legitimate, you may extremely get a specific sinister parasites, after dwelling on them for quite some time. The software belonging to this class display misleading symptoms that declare the operating system is having a grave machine inability and greatly alerts to consult to remote tech endorsement. This suggests that you are about to experience the common slowdown of the device, encompassing the fully operating on of your os, programs you need on it got set up and the endeavor of your browser, which is ready to be stopped the the biggest number of. Peruse marks next to them, unless you realize these alterations are going to be useful.
So to eliminate Their classy stance towards your machine will rigidly start beneficial beliefs. Balance, agility and security of the device You might want to terminate it from possession panel or use revouninstaller to implement that if installer is broken. This application was identified as PUP before by Microsoft, on the other hand deleted from database at at the same moment. There is other an method for the by hand termination of this possibly unwanted program, which could be implemented following the tutorial below this post. If you are unquestionably cautious of the harmful impacts this software may do, you should always choose advanced/custom settings for installations and politely unmark deals for an optional program.
Below you will find instructions on how to delete Smart Pc Care from Windows and Mac systems. If you follow the steps correctly, you will be able to uninstall the unwanted application from Control Panel, erase the unnecessary browser extension, and eliminate files and folders related to Smart Pc Care completely.
Smart Pc Care can add extensions or add-ons to your browsers. It can use them to flood your browsers with advertisements and reroute you to unfamiliar websites. In order to fully remove Smart Pc Care, you have to uninstall these extensions from all of your web browsers.


Motorcycle riders from all over America converged on the United States Capitol Sunday to pay their respects to American veterans and to those U.S. soldiers who never returned home.
Thousands of motorcycles, donned with American flags, and riders clad with leather vests, bandanas and military badges blazed across Arlington Memorial Bridge in Washington, D.C.'s 31st annual "Rolling Thunder" parade. Onlookers, young and old, cheered and waved. Many sported red, white and blue and saluted the bikers as they rode by.
Hundreds of Vietnam War vets rode among the entourage of colorful motorcycles. Their fellow vets watching from the sidewalk rose their fists in tribute as riders passed. The show of patriotism and respect, from the crowd and riders, toward those fallen soldiers and missing in action troops inspired chills of pride.
Onlookers gathered around the Lincoln Memorial, Washington Monument and the WWII memorial to pay their respects to our American soldiers as the motorcycles rode by. Parents held little kids on their shoulders and couples linked arms as they greeted the riders that whirred down Constitution Ave., cheering their fellow Americans.
Rolling Thunder reminds us why we're proud to be Americans.
TOPSHOT – US Marine Tim Chambers salutes as participants in the Rolling Thunder annual motorcycle rally ride in Washington DC, on May 28, 2017.
Connie Miller holds her banner as she waves to participants in the Rolling Thunder annual motorcycle rally, as they ride on Arlington Memorial Bridge in Washington DC, May 28, 2017.


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Q: Set margins on scroll event with JQuery - choppy/jumpy/shaking movement I have tables, that i scroll on X and Y Axis (with JQuery). But while the tables scroll, they are like shaking.
...
So my Question is: Why is this shaking happens, how can i prevent that shaking?
var leftOffset = parseInt($(".tablecontainer").css('margin-left'));
    hhOffset = parseInt($(".headsholder").css('margin-left'));
    fixOffset = parseInt($(".fixedphead").css('margin-left'));
    eisastanaYOffset = parseInt($(".eisastana").css('margin-left'));

    $(".contentbox").scroll(function(){
        $(".tablecontainer").css({
            'margin-left': $(this).scrollLeft() + leftOffset
        });
        $(".tableheads").css({
            'margin-left': -$(this).scrollLeft()
        });
        $(".headsholder").css({
            'margin-left': hhOffset - $(this).scrollTop()
        });
        $(".fixedphead").css({
            'margin-left': fixOffset -$(this).scrollTop()
        });
        $(".eisastana").css({
            'margin-left': eisastanaYOffset -$(this).scrollTop()
        });
    });

A: I used .stop() - Jquery.stop().animate(); - and the shaking stopped.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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CommentaryAmazon
Amazon's Whole Foods Buy Will Change Grocery Shopping Forever
Tom Caporaso
For years, Amazon has been taking steps to get into the grocery space. Buying Whole Foods Market is a clear sign that Amazon is transitioning from dipping its toes in the water to jumping in head-first. At the same time, Amazon looks to be just the partner Whole Foods needs to turn its fortunes around.
Amazon's acquisition of Whole Foods will be the tech giant's first step in dominating the online grocery delivery market. But that outcome wasn't always inevitable. In 2007, Amazon launched AmazonFresh, a grocery delivery service. Over the past 10 years, this service has grown, but it's still only limited to only a handful of major metropolitan areas.
The main obstacle has been in Amazon's distribution network. The tech company has some of the most advanced fulfillment centers and warehouses around the country, and has leveraged these to fulfill users' orders quickly and set a new standard for what they could expect from an online order. But these warehouses don't help Amazon in the grocery space. There are fewer than 100 of them in the U.S. and many are located near airports. This makes sense for sending out clothes and media, but doesn't work for shipping perishable food items that need to arrive the same day.
By purchasing Whole Foods, Amazon now has over 400 stores to leverage for online orders. This gives it a food distribution network that rivals some of its biggest competitors'. And it moves Amazon away from relying on airports for distribution and brings it into local neighborhoods. By using its advanced and efficient technology for fulfilling online orders, Amazon will set a new standard for online grocery shoppers.
Amazon is also likely to utilize its premium loyalty program, Prime, to draw in even more customers. As of last year, the average Prime customer spends more than twice as much as a non-Prime member does. Also, nearly 50% of all U.S. households are estimated to be Amazon Prime members. Amazon Prime has proven to be a massively successful loyalty program. The integration of Whole Foods makes this core offering even stronger.
Whole Foods also stands to benefit greatly from the deal. Amazon and Whole Foods have similar customer bases and strong penetration in high-income households. Yet while Amazon is focused on reducing prices, Whole Foods is known for its above-market costs.
Going forward, expect to see Whole Foods' prices to become much more competitive. Amazon adds a lot of buying power to Whole Foods and will likely make strong moves to decrease in-store prices. This is especially important now, with the rise of discount grocers like Aldi and Lidl in the U.S.
Furthermore, with the development of Amazon Go, the company's "checkout-free" grocery store concept, Whole Foods shoppers might see an elimination of checkout lines and the convenience of never having to pull out their wallets.
Now that Amazon has acquired Whole Foods, it's hard to understand why the companies did not combine sooner. They both have huge potential to gain from their partnership, and their competitors should be terrified.
Tom Caporaso is CEO of Clarus Commerce.


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Today in London transport history, 1891: The first London bus strike starts.
Posted on June 7, 2018 by mudlark121
A history of the first strike by London transport workers in 1891, which was over pay and conditions and largely successful. The article also contains some information about developments in bus workers' unions around the same period.
The first person to try and organise the London tram and bus workers into a union, was a young barrister called Thomas Sutherst.
He managed, with considerable help from the London Trades Council to organise between two and three thousand tram workers, into The London County Tramway & Omnibus Employees union founded in 1889.
London had some 8-9,000 bus and tram workers in 1891, the three main London Tram and Bus companies running services in the Capital were the London Road Car Company, Tillings and the London General Omnibus Company (LGOC), the later the LGOC was by far the largest .
However, the LGOC was a notoriously bad employer, with employees sacked for "The slightest cause of complaint" crews were even expected to contribute to a fund to cover accidents, repairs and fines levied for any misdemeanours.
London bus and tram drivers wages in 1891 were 7 shillings a day and conductor 4 shillings 6 pence, this was comparatively low compared to other manual workers. They also worked long hours, between fourteen to sixteen hours a day with as little as ten minutes for lunch.
However, it was the introduction of new ticket machines that sparked the first ever London bus and tram strike in July 1891. The issue being the ability of the conductors to keep a percentage of the fares to subsidise their meagre earnings.
Two mass meetings were called by the union, both starting after midnight, to enable crews to meet their shift obligations.
Over 3,000 bus and tram workers attended the first mass meeting at Fulham Town Hall in first week of June 1891 and a second meeting the following day at the Great Assembly Hall, Mile End Road.
The Trade Unionist magazine of 6th June 1891 reported the Fulham Town Hall meeting and included the following remarks
"Great excitement prevailed during the whole meeting and speakers were frequently interrupted with snatches of song, Brakes and private buses conveyed the men to their different districts of London in broad daylight".
The London County Tramway & Omnibus Employees, union demands included:
12 hour day
One clear day off every fortnight
A weeks notice of dismissal
Abolition of stoppages for accidentals
Daily wage of 8 shillings a day for drivers, 6 shillings for conductors and 5 shillings for horse keepers & washers
When their demands were not met, the first London bus and tram strike commenced at midnight on Sunday 7th June 1891.
The strike seemed to have secure generally high level of support from the public, media and the vast majority of bus and trams crews answered the strike call. Some men remained at work, but their efforts to take the buses and trams out were frustrated by the "angry mobs" of strikers.
The strike soon spread to bus crews in other companies, the London Road Car Company, who came out on strike in sympathy and demanding the 12 hour day.
London's other bus and tram company Tillings, was unaffected by strike and continued to run a normal service, having agreed to the unions terms earlier.
One area of surprising support for the strikers came from the "entrepreneurs" who organised "Pirate buses", far from undermining the strike, they actually maintained the strike by paying large donations to the strikers to keep the strike going, thereby pocketing large profits, while providing only a limited service.
On the second day of the strike the bus and tram unions President, Thomas Sutherst met the LGOC and LRRC directors to discuss the strikers demands, they agreed a 12 hour day but no significant movement on pay.
The London bus and tram workers continued the strike for the rest of the week finally securing the following agreement.
Drivers 6 shillings 6 pence a day (after one year)
Conductors 5 shillings a day (after one year)
Horse keepers and washers 5 shillings 6 pence
As well as Thomas Sutherst, George Shipton Secretary of the London Trades Council "worked day and night addressing meetings and organising pickets" collected nearly £1,000 for the strikers
The "Great Bus strike" was called off on Saturday 13th June 1891, after one week on strike, final agreement was reached on the 18th June 1891, however the return to work had not gone smoothly, some activists had been victimised and despite Sutherst assertion at Fulham Town hall that their would be no resumption of work until every union member reinstated, this failed to materialise and despite the efforts of even the Lord Mayor.
While the strike was not totally effective in secure all its demands, importantly the union had won the right to a 12 hour day as well as putting down a marker for future generations of bus and tram workers.
After the strike had concluded The London Trades Council agreed to pay £10 towards Fred Hammill costs while he organised the busmen's union in the Capital.
One interesting aspect of the strike was the attempt by a group of strikers to establish a London Co-operative Omnibus company to rival the private enterprise giants.
They even purchased an omnibus to the front they attached a broom symbolising how they were determined to sweep the LGOC and LRCC away.
Thomas Sutherst the unions President called for the "municipilisation" by the Council and arguing that the council should buy the whole tram lines and rolling stock, as had happened in Huddersfield (The first municipal tram system opened in January 1883)
The demise of Sutherst, London County Tramway & Omnibus Employee union was the result of the general, onslaught by the employees after the original flame of "New Unionism" that had spilt out the London Dock Strike of 1899. But "in its short life it was a useful one and it was responsible for considerable improvement in working conditions of bus and tram crews"
Later a Bus, Tram, Motor Workers Union merged with the London Cab Drivers Union (the later established in 1894) to form the London & Provincial Union of Licenced Vehicle Workers (LPU) established in 1913 but also known as the "Red Button Union" because of the colour of their union badge. The L PU was strongly influenced by syndicalism, and distinguished itself from the start as a highly political union, supporting nationalisation of transport and opposing world war, while supporting the Russian revolution of 1917. The LPU was prominent in the August 1911 London strike wave that hit the capital as well as the 1915 Tram strike.
While the union was now dominated by tram workers it maintained a separate London cab owners section under the leadership of branch secretary Blundy .
The LPU's Journal was entitled the "Licensed Vehicle Trades Record", edited by George Sanders and produced fortnightly and cost 1d.
The other union to have membership amongst London Tram workers was the Manchester based Amalgamated Association of Tramway & Vehicle Workers (AAT) established in 1889.
The AAT tram union (which had members in West London at Chiswick, Hanwell and Fulwell) secured a larger base in London when it merged with the small London Tramways Employees Association in 1910. The AAT was known as the "Blue Button Union" again because of the colour of its union badge.
See the article by John Grigg on the April 1909 Fullwell Tram strike led by Jack Burns
In late 1919 early 1920 The LPU (109,425 members) and AAT (56,979 members) merged in to form the United Vehicle Workers.
The United Vehicle Workers union became part of the Transport & General Workers Union on its establishment on January 1st 1922.
This article was taken from the Hayes People's History website and can be found here
2018 London Rebel History Calendar
Check out the Calendar online
1890s 19th-century strikes transport-strikes
Today in London radical history, 1957: St Pancras councillors block government Civil Defence plans.
Today in London housing history, 1986: Pullens Estate squatters resist eviction, Walworth.


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Home Books Principles of Neural Science, 6e
Chapter 13: Synaptic Integration in the Central Nervous System
Synaptic Integration in the Central Nervous System. In: Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA. Kandel E.R., & Koester J.D., & Mack S.H., & Siegelbaum S.A.(Eds.),Eds. Eric R. Kandel, et al.eds. Principles of Neural Science, 6e. McGraw Hill; 2021. Accessed January 28, 2022. https://accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3024&sectionid=254328929
Synaptic integration in the central nervous system. Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA. Kandel E.R., & Koester J.D., & Mack S.H., & Siegelbaum S.A.(Eds.),Eds. Eric R. Kandel, et al. (2021). Principles of Neural Science, 6e. McGraw Hill. https://accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3024&sectionid=254328929
"Synaptic Integration in the Central Nervous System." Principles of Neural Science, 6e Kandel ER, Koester JD, Mack SH, Siegelbaum SA. Kandel E.R., & Koester J.D., & Mack S.H., & Siegelbaum S.A.(Eds.),Eds. Eric R. Kandel, et al. McGraw Hill, 2021, https://accessbiomedicalscience.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3024&sectionid=254328929.
Central Neurons Receive Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs
Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses Have Distinctive Ultrastructures and Target Different Neuronal Regions
Excitatory Synaptic Transmission Is Mediated by Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor-Channels Permeable to Cations
Fast Inhibitory Synaptic Actions Are Mediated by Ionotropic GABA and Glycine Receptor-Channels Permeable to Chloride
Some Synaptic Actions in the Central Nervous System Depend on Other Types of Ionotropic Receptors
Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Actions Are Integrated by Neurons Into a Single Output
LIKE SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION at the neuromuscular junction, most rapid signaling between neurons in the central nervous system involves ionotropic receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. Thus, many principles that apply to the synaptic connection between the motor neuron and skeletal muscle fiber at the neuromuscular junction also apply in the central nervous system. Nevertheless, synaptic transmission between central neurons is more complex for several reasons.
First, although most muscle fibers are typically innervated by only one motor neuron, a central nerve cell (such as pyramidal neurons in the neocortex) receives connections from thousands of neurons. Second, muscle fibers receive only excitatory inputs, whereas central neurons receive both excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Third, all synaptic actions on muscle fibers are mediated by one neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (ACh), which activates only one type of receptor (the ionotropic nicotinic ACh receptor). A single central neuron, however, can respond to many different types of inputs, each mediated by a distinct transmitter that activates a specific type of receptor. These receptors include ionotropic receptors, where binding of transmitter directly opens an ion channel, and metabotropic receptors, where transmitter binding indirectly regulates a channel by activating second messengers. As a result, unlike muscle fibers, central neurons must integrate diverse inputs into a single coordinated action.
Finally, the nerve–muscle synapse is a model of efficiency—every action potential in the motor neuron produces an action potential in the muscle fiber. In comparison, connections made by a presynaptic neuron onto a central neuron are only modestly effective—in many cases at least 50 to 100 excitatory neurons must fire together to produce a synaptic potential large enough to trigger an action potential in postsynaptic neurons.
The first insights into synaptic transmission in the central nervous system came from experiments by John Eccles and his colleagues in the 1950s on the synaptic inputs onto spinal motor neurons that control the stretch reflex, the simple behavior we considered in Chapter 3. The spinal motor neurons have been particularly useful for examining central synaptic mechanisms because they have large, accessible cell bodies and, most important, they receive both excitatory and inhibitory connections and therefore allow us to study the integrative action of the nervous system at the cellular level.
To analyze the synapses that mediate the stretch reflex, Eccles activated a large population of axons of the sensory cells that innervate the stretch receptor organs in the quadriceps (extensor) muscle (Figure 13–1A,B). Nowadays the same experiments can be done by stimulating a single sensory neuron.
Figure 13–1
The combination of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic connections mediating the stretch reflex of the quadriceps muscle is typical of circuits in the central nervous system.
A. A sensory neuron activated by a stretch receptor (muscle spindle) at the extensor (quadriceps) muscle makes an excitatory connection with an extensor motor ...


"Says who?" That challenge to authority is not confined to adolescents. It is a valid question, provided one wants a legitimate answer. The right use of authority is a staple of civilized order, and its abuse is the engine of the worst civil crimes. That is why our government has a system of checks and balances.
In Pilate's civil order, his authority had been delegated in a pragmatic system for promoting "the tranquility of order" according to natural law. By contrast, Christ's authority was intrinsic because it was divine. So it is with the Church he established when he gave the heavenly keys to Peter. There are three options in response: to deny his authority, to attack it, or to embrace it.
Satan and his evil spirits that "prowl the world" have faith in Christ in the sense that they have no doubt that he is divine. "I know who you are." Satan's endless agony is that his knowledge of God is divorced from love of God. We risk courting that misery if we consider God as a power without logic. Such a god was what Pope Benedict described in his classic Regensburg Address: a god who is absolute will, without any identity beyond sheer power. Such is the god of terrorists, creating rage in a culture that is unable to deal with logic.
The Divine Word who authored all things into existence speaks with authority without being authoritarian: "You know that those who are regarded as rulers of the Gentiles, lord it over them, but it must not be so with you. Rather, whoever wishes to be great among you must be your servant" (Mark 10:42-43).
One statement in your article confuses me. You say that "when it comes to matters of faith, she proposes and does not impose". In point of fact, on matters of faith the Church does not propose but rather imposes. Whenever something of faith or dogma is pronounced ex cathedra, the faithful are required to believe it. We are not free to be cafeteria Catholics in these matters. Please reconcile your statement with the above fact.