Published: Severnaya Pravda No. 18, August 18, 1913. Signed: V. I.. Published according to the Severnaya Pravda text.
Source: Lenin Collected Works, Progress Publishers, 1977, Moscow, Volume 19, pages 307-308.
The politics of the government are soaked in the spirit of nationalism. Attempts are made to confer every kind of privilege upon the "ruling", i.e., the Great-Russian nation, even though the Great Russians represent a minority of the population of Russia, to be exact, only 43 per cent.
Attempts are made to cut down still further the rights of all the other nations inhabiting Russia, to segregate one from the other and stir up enmity among them.
The extreme expression of present-day nationalism is the scheme for the nationalisation of Jewish schools. The scheme emanated from the educational officer of Odessa district, and has been sympathetically considered by the Ministry of Public "Education". What does this nationalisation mean?
It means segregating the Jews into special Jewish schools (secondary schools). The doors of all other educational establishments—both private and state—are to be completely closed to the Jews. This "brilliant" plan is rounded off by the proposal to limit the number of pupils in the Jewish secondary schools to the notorious "quota"!
In all European countries such measures and laws against the Jews existed only in the dark centuries of the Middle Ages, with their Inquisition, the burning of heretics and similar delights. In Europe the Jews have long since been granted complete equality and are fusing more and more with the nations in whose midst they live.
The most harmful feature in our political life generally, and in the above scheme particularly, apart from the oppression and persecution of the Jews, is the striving to fan the flames of nationalism, to segregate the nationalities in the state one from another, to increase their estrangement, to separate their schools.
The interests of the working class—as well as the interests of political liberty generally—require, on the contrary, the fullest equality of all the nationalities in the state without exception, and the elimination of every kind of barrier between the nations, the bringing together of children of all nations in the same schools, etc. Only by casting off every savage and foolish national prejudice, only by uniting the workers of all nations into one association, can the working class become a force, offer resistance to capitalism, and achieve a serious improvement in its living conditions.
Look at the capitalists! They try to inflame national strife among the "common people", while they themselves manage their business affairs remarkably well—Russians, Ukrainians, Poles, Jews, and Germans together in one and the same corporation. Against the workers the capitalists of all nations and religions are united, but they strive to divide and weaken the workers by national strife!
This most harmful scheme for the nationalisation of the Jewish schools shows, incidentally, how mistaken is the plan for so—called "cultural-national autonomy", i.e., the idea of taking education out of the hands of the state and handing it over to each nation separately. It is not this we should strive for, but for the unity of the workers of all nations in the struggle against all nationalism, in the struggle for a truly democratic common school and for political liberty generally. The example of the advanced countries of the world—say, Switzerland in Western Europe or Finland in Eastern Europe—shows us that only consistently-democratic state institutions ensure the most peaceable and human (not bestial) coexistence of various nationalities, without the artificial and harmful separation of education according to nationalities.


Lets talk about running shoes.
I'm fed up will blogging about my hurty ribs and inability to run any distance or fast and keep up with my target Janathon mileage. Especially as rather embarrassingly my injury was caused by over stretching over the arm of the sofa to get the TV remote!
So… Back in December I got a rather nice email from Mizuno asking if I'd like to try any of their Spring Summer 2013 running shoes. Very exciting, especially to see that Mizuno are adding a minimalist running shoe to their range. Their new Evo was unfortunately out of stock so in the mean time I was offered the Wave Rider 16 to try. I'm so glad I did try this shoe, it might be the one I've been looking for for a while. It's certainly the shoe I'll run everyday of January in.
For the past few years I've run in either Saucony Kinvaras or Brooks Green Silence. I have recently had problems with both. The Kinvaras giving me black toe nails but the size up in the new model is on the large side and having too high a heel counter rubs my Achilles. Brooks have discontinued the Green Silence.
Also towards the end of my marathon training I had a bit of a shoe tantrum realising that although I normally mid foot strike, on long slow runs, when tired, I heel strike. I was getting tight calves, painful achiles and beginning to pick up general injuries. I thought that maybe I should revert to a more traditional cushioned running shoe for long runs and high mileage.
I tried a few models. All felt wonderful and comfortable when tried on and walked in and even on short runs having nice wide and spacious toe boxes. However, when running in them they began to either feel like I was running on a mattress, unable to feel the road (hard work) or had a prominent heel so when I did pick up the pace and run on my toes/midfoot the heel appeared to get in the way. I gave up trying and reverted to my Brooks for my marathon and searching the internet for discontinued stock in my size.
Then I got the Wave Rider 16s. They are a great fit for me. (But then I've found that with Mizuno in the past) a little more substantial than the Kinvaras and Green Silence offering heel cushioning when I need it but with very little extra weight. Light weight is probably the main reason I wear minamalist shoes!
What I liked best about the Wave Rider 16s is the responsiveness. There isn't too much shoe under the midfoot like many cushioned shoes. I can feel the ground and that I'm getting something back for my efforts. I am not aware of the heel when running on my midfoot and they feel better and better the more I run in them. I'm sure they'll be good for a bit of speed too, such a shame my ribs weren't up to my 10K race today to put them through their paces.
A great shoe. May well become my workhorse, keeping minimalist shoes for trail and short fast runs. Thanks Mizuno.
Janathon day 6. 3.27 miles run, the same route as Friday, fortunately over 5 mins faster! Ribs on the mend….
Categories: Janathon, Product review, running | Tags: Janathon, Mizuno Running, Mizuno Wave Rider 16, Running, running shoes | Permalink.
There is something so satisfying about bright pink trainers.
So pretty! I have a soft spot for Mizuno and only steering away from them for the first time yesterday with an Asics purchase but will continue to wear Mizuno anyway (love my Wave Nirvana 8s).
I thought this about Mizuno Wave Riders. They are great shoes, but after a couple of years great running in mine I have decided to jump ship and giving the Brooks Ghost a go at the mo.
I've got the Wave RIder 15, seems like a great shoe.
Glad you are on the mend. How do you get to be so knowledgeable about shoes? I have one pair that I run to death!
That said, I'm very glad you like 'em!


Seven housemates find themselves in the eviction firing line this week after Monday night's Big Brother: The Chase nomination show. For some, it's a new experience, while for others, some things never seem to change! Angelo , Fatima, Bimp & Cleo all make their first appearance on the chopping block this week, while serial nominee Pokello follows her countryman Hakeem and Nando onto the list yet again.
In the Ruby house, Fatima picked up 5 nominations – from Sulu, Feza, Oneal, Angelo and Annabel, who all just can't seem to figure her out. Sulu said she had been giving the majority of housemates "the cold shoulder" while Feza told Big Brother that the Malawian was "too tense" and "negative". Head of House Elikem picked up 3 nominations, from Annabel, Oneal and Feza. Natasha gets a welcome respite from the chopping block this week, having only picked up two nominations, the same number as Annabel, Feza and Oneal.
Things are heating up for Pokello in the Diamond house, as she received 4 nominations from her housemates. Bimp, Beverly, Cleo and Nando all nominated her, with the undercurrent seemingly that she's a strong contender. Bimp and Cleo are first-timers on the nomination list, with three nods apiece. Nando, who picked up 3 nominations himself, helped Selly find her way onto the nomination list – despite their close relationship.
With the nominations announced, it was time for the respective Heads of House to make their 'save & replace' decisions. Ruby HoH Elikem had a fairly straightforward decision, in that he had to remove himself from danger. His replacement choice proved a bit trickier though, as the Ghanaian first named Oneal, before changing his mind and settling on Angelo as his replacement.
Diamond Head of House Melvin had a tough time in the Diary Room. The Nigerian chose to save Selly and replace her with Hakeem during an emotional session with Big Brother.
Now it's the viewers' chance to vote, vote, vote! Voting opened immediately after Monday night's nomination show and closes at06:00 CAT on Sunday morning.
There are three ways to vote to keep your favourite housemate in Big Brother: The Chase – via web, SMS or mobile site – and you can win amazing prizes in the process, like DStv HD PVR's and DStv Walkas.
To vote via web or mobile sire, go to the official Big Brother website, www.bigbrotherafrica.com, log in, click 'Vote' and then click the appropriate button for the housemate you'd like to keep in the house. You may vote once per hour.
For all the Big Brother: The Chase voting information and a host of exciting content, log on to the official Big Brother website,www.bigbrotherafrica.com. Sign up for BBVIP while you're online, to access exclusive backstage and uncut footage.
BBA UPDATE: Nomination newcomers spice up this week's voting 0 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 0 user reviews.


For a third year in a row Dimitrov, Petrov & Co. Law Firm has been ranked as a Silver Band law firm by the international directory World Trademark Review 1000 (WTR 1000).
The work of Ms. Bilyana Stefanova, head of the IP Law Practice Group at the firm, is given a special recognition and her name appears on the list of recommended experts in the IP field. WTR 1000 is the only legal directory that highlights the most distinguished trademark experts and law firms from a total of 72 key jurisdictions.
To quote the presentation of the law firm in the 2018 edition of WTR 1000: "Dimitrov, Petrov & Co instantly makes a positive impression on clients. Its lawyers' availability, attention to detail, breadth of IP knowledge and dedication to finding the best possible solutions is nothing short of remarkable." A client shared to WTR 1000 that the "very talented and extremely diligent" Bilyana Stefanova is "brilliant at trademark prosecution and has business smarts, plus she provides advice in a timely manner – communication with her is very easy." The complete WTR 1000 ranking of Bulgarian law firms for 2018 is available here.


text:
Jharkhand Lynching : Tabrez Ansari is 11th victim of Mob Lynching in India this year
The death of a man in Tabrez Ansari in Jharkhand following mob violence is not the first of its kind to happen in India in 2019.
In fact, according to the data gathered by Factchecker.in, this is the 11th instance of hate crime in our country this year.
The data shows that under the Narendra Modi government, 99 persons have been killed and at least 703 hurt in hate crimes prompted by religious prejudice, across 23 of 36 states and union territories in India in the time between May 2014 and April 30, 2019.
Minorities were the target
The data revealed that of the 263 hate crimes reported from May 24, 2014, to April 30, 2019, minorities formed 73 percent of the victims.
Cow protection was most common reason for attacks
Cow protection was the most common reason for attacks triggered by religious bias after 2014, with 77 such hate crimes reported in the last five years.
Overall, 124 cow-related hate crimes were recorded between May 24, 2014 and April 30, 2019, according to a FactChecker database that tracks this kind of hate violence exclusively.
Hate crime not restricted only to Modi govt
Instances of hate crime where people from minorities have been attacked aren't restricted only to the Modi government. Such conflicts have taken place in the past too.
Between January 2009 and May 23, 2014, 25 hate crimes were recorded across 12 states in which three were killed and 17 others were injured.
The most frequent reason (36%) for hate crime attacks prior to 2014 was religious conversion (nine cases).
Jharkhand incident
On June 18, Tabrez Ansari was tied to an electricity pole, thrashed and forced to chant "Jai Shri Ram" for allegedly committing a theft. A video of the incident, which took place in Dhatkidih village of Seraikela Kharsawan district, shows Ansari pleading with the mob to stop the assault.
Following Ansari's death, police had lodged a case against the villagers under IPC Sections 302 (murder) and 295 A (deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religions or religious beliefs), among others.
Jharkhand lynching
Mob violence
Tabrez Ansari

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Permanent Secretary in the Barbados Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Charles Burnett (left), favours a straw hat on exhibition. At centre is Guyana Consul General, Michael Brotherson, and at right is Guyana Go-Invest Officer, Shawn Doris.
A two-day exposition of Guyanese goods and services that began yesterday at the Guyana Consulate in Barbados augurs well for further development of trade ties between the two CARICOM states.
So says Permanent Secretary in the Barbados Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, Charles Burnett, who referred to a joint agreement on a number of areas of cooperation signed between the two countries in October when Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, Maxine McLean, visited Guyana.
"This Guyana Craft, Tourism and Trade Exposition presents an excellent opportunity to give life to the agreements reached in October by the Joint Commission," Burnett said yesterday morning at the Guyana Consulate in Sefton Lodge, Briton's Hill.
He added, "So while this exposition showcases Guyana's goods to local consumers, be they enterprises or the local householder, at its highest level, it plays a significant role in deepening relationships between our two countries, with the potential to stimulate further economic activity for trade in goods and the development of tourism-related partnerships".
The expo is coordinated by Go-Invest, a Guyana investment agency.
Noting that the October agreement can further enhance economic and social well-being between the two countries, Guyana Consul General to Barbados, Michael Brotherson, said, "I therefore urge Go-Invest and its Barbadian counterpart, the Barbados Investment and development Corporation, to ensure that activities like today's are reciprocated annually".


text:
Mauritania ratifies its friendship agreement with Spain
NATO will discuss strengthening cooperation with Mauritania at the forthcoming Madrid Summit
PHOTO/AP - President Mohamed Ould Cheikh El Ghazouani
Mauritania has ratified its friendship, cooperation and good neighbourhood agreement with Spain, an agreement that came days after the country announced the discovery of large gas reserves off its coast. The field is reportedly capable of producing up to 10 million tonnes of liquefied natural gas per year and the resources are estimated to have a capacity of around 15 trillion cubic feet of gas.
This ratification by the Mauritanian government is a sign of the distancing that Nouakchott has decided to undertake with respect to Algiers, at a time when Spain and Algeria are going through a major diplomatic crisis after the Spanish government officially supported Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara.
The latest gas discovery in Mauritania highlights the importance of the African country for Europe in its search for gas alternatives to replace Russian gas. Various analysts point out that the discovery of this large gas field could lead to the extension of a new gas pipeline from Mauritania to Europe, via Morocco and Spain.
Along these lines, Spain continues to try to build bridges with other gas-rich countries to help reduce its dependence on Algerian gas, which explains its recent rapprochement with Qatar - the fourth country in terms of gas reserves worldwide - and now also with Mauritania.
On the other hand, according to Moncloa, Mauritania is for Spain "a partner of reference" because of its "excellent cooperation in migratory matters and its strategic situation, which allows it to be a key ally in security and the fight against terrorism".
In addition to this, Sánchez stressed that the Mauritanian country is for Spain "a fundamental partner in security and defence, and a point of reference for stability in the Maghreb and Sahel regions". The President also highlighted the many advances that the country has made in recent years, especially in the "consolidation of democracy".
PHOTO/NATO - Alliance Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg seeks to enhance Mauritania's capabilities in counterterrorism, border security and crisis management in the Sahel. Pictured here with President Mohamed Ould El Ghazwani in January 2021.
Mauritania, NATO's only partner in the region
The Spanish Prime Minister, Pedro Sánchez, also applauded Mauritania for its decision to openly condemn Russia's invasion of Ukraine at the United Nations General Assembly, a decision that has brought the African country closer to cooperation with NATO member countries. In this respect, Mauritania plays an important role in cooperation with the Atlantic Alliance after it became a NATO partner in 1995, when it joined the Mediterranean Dialogue. Moreover, Mauritania is the only country in the region that currently maintains NATO partner status, and is therefore in a privileged position in this respect.
PHOTO/USAFRICOM - The African country is a key player in the Sahel and an essential interlocutor in regional security issues. Its small land, naval and air military forces number just over 15,000 and require allied support.
Thus, from 28 to 30 June, the NATO Summit in Madrid will seek to deepen cooperation between Mauritania and the Atlantic Alliance, a country that is considered a key player in the fight against terrorism in the Sahel. Since 2011, Mauritania has been involved in five security and defence initiatives with NATO. Among these initiatives is a project led by Mauritania and France, with the support of Canada, which is said to have established a national joint crisis management coordination centre in Nouakchott.
Mauritania is of interest to Spain
Mauritania controls irregular immigration


/// The `Series` module provides an F#-friendly API for working with data and time series.
/// For more information about similar frame-manipulation functions, see the `Frame` module.
/// in the `Series` module are grouped in a number of categories and documented below.
/// Functions in this category provide access to the values in the series.
/// - The term _observation_ is used for a key value pair in the series.
/// previous or next available value using _lookup behavior_.
/// `lookupAll` that let you specify lookup behavior.
/// returns `None` instead of failing.
/// are variants `filterAll` and `mapAll` that let you handle missing values explicitly.
/// as the `$` operator).
/// can be used to fold values of a series into a series of intermeidate folding results.
/// use slicing, such as `series.[lo .. hi]`, instead.
/// `ts - (Series.shift offs ts)`.
/// The functions in this group can be used to write computations over series that may fail.
/// a constant using `fillErrorsWith`.
/// levels with keys of types `'K1` and `'K2` respectively.
/// so the above could be written just as `input |> Stats.levelMean fst`.
/// over the input series while chunk refers to non-overlapping blocks of the series.
/// the incomplete chunk at the beginning should be skipped (aligning the last chunk with the end).
/// The functions ending with `Into` take a function to be applied to the window/chunk.
/// that take a size. There is also `pairwise` function for sliding window of size two.
/// This group of functions provides a way of working with missing values in a series.
/// The `dropMissing` function drops all keys for which there are no values in the series.
/// The `withMissingFrom` function lets you copy missing values from another series.
/// The remaining functions provide different mechanism for filling the missing values.
/// guarantee that the order will be preserved.
/// and using the default comparison (`sort`).
/// a list of keys use `realign`.
/// get time series with representative values at lower or uniform frequency.
/// the nearest greater key.
/// based on some relation between keys (e.g. date times having the same date).
/// observations in the input sequence.
/// the `mergeAll` function, which has been optimized for large number of series.
/// other forms of key lookups (e.g. find the greatest smaller key) using `zipAlign`.
/// function to turn the tuple (of possibly missing values) into a new value.
/// `Double.NaN`, or those that are missing due to outer join etc.).
/// Returns all keys from the sequence, together with the associated (optional) values.
/// Create a new series that contains values for all provided keys.
/// for some new sequence of keys.
/// Get the value for the specified key.
/// Returns the value at the specified (integer) offset.
/// available, `None` is returned.
/// Use the specified lookup semantics - for exact matching, use `tryGet`.
/// Attempts to get an observation (key value pair) based on the specified key.
/// or the value is missing.
/// Returns the value at the specified (integer) offset, or `None` if the value is missing.
/// Returns the last value of the series. This fails if the last value is missing.
/// Returns the last value of the series if one exists.
/// Returns the first value of the series. This fails if the first value is missing.
/// Returns the first value of the series if one exists.
/// values, use `filterAll` instead.
/// just the value. See also `filterAll` and `filter` for more options.
/// returns `true`. The predicate is called for missing values as well.
/// function with both keys and values.
/// `series $ func` for `series |> Series.mapValues func`.
/// keys of the original series.
/// Retruns a new series whose values are converted using the specified conversion function.
/// the values in _both ways_.
/// the underlying virtualized source.
/// Given a series containing optional values, flatten the option values.
/// become ordinary values in the resulting series.
/// Returns a series that contains the specified number of keys from the original series.
/// original series. The keys are taken from the end of the series.
/// except for the first `count` keys.
/// except for the last `count` keys.
/// lazy vectors, these are forced to evaluate and the resulting series is fully loaded in memory.
/// application, and yielding a new series having the original index and newly produced values.
/// Any application involving a missing value yields a missing value.
/// individual values. Fails if the series contains no values.
/// individual values. The folding starts with the specified initial value.
/// - `series` - The input series, containing values that support the `-` operator.
/// - `series` - The input series to be shifted.
/// use `Series.diff` which will be a little bit faster.
/// with an exception `e` or `Success(v)` containing a value `v` otherwise.
/// returns a series containing values.
/// contained in the source series. The exceptions are returned as a series.
/// contained in the source series. The input elements containing exceptions are ignored.
/// values are filled with the specified constant value.
/// the aggregates of each group.
/// This operation is designed to be used with [hierarchical indexing](../frame.html#indexing).
/// case the group will have no representation in the resulting series.
/// selected using the specified `keySelector`.
/// a discriminated union listing various chunking and windowing conditions.
/// - `keySelector` - A function that is called on each chunk to obtain a key.
/// - `series` - The input series to be aggregated.
/// - `f` - A value selector function that is called to aggregate each chunk or window.
/// boundary behavior is `Boundary.AtEnding` (in which case it is the first key).
/// - `f` - A value selector that is called to aggregate each window.
/// specified function `f`. The key of each window is the key of the first element in the window.
/// keys of the series.
/// - `f` - A function that is used to aggregate each window into a single value.
/// than the specified `distance`. The windows are then returned as a nested series.
/// The key of each window is the key of the first element in the window.
/// to determine when a window should end.
/// the first and the last key of the window. The windows are then returned as a nested series.
/// boundary behavior has `Boundary.AtBeginning` flag (in which case it is the last key).
/// - `f` - A value selector that is called to aggregate each chunk.
/// specified function `f`. The key of each chunk is the key of the first element in the chunk.
/// than the specified `distance`. The chunks are then returned as a nested series.
/// The key of each chunk is the key of the first element in the chunk.
/// previous chunk. The chunks are then returned as a nested series.
/// This function skips incomplete chunks - you can use `Series.windowSizeInto` for more options.
/// skips incomplete chunks - you can use `Series.windowSize` for more options.
/// value selector `f` on each chunk to produce the result which is returned as a new series.
/// skips incomplete chunks - you can use `Series.chunkSizeInto` for more options.
/// - `size` - The size of the chunk.
/// skips incomplete chunks - you can use `Series.chunkSize` for more options.
/// value for the first key).
/// for the first one. Then calls the specified aggregation function `f` with a tuple and a key.
/// The returned series is one key shorter (it does not contain a value for the first key).
/// - `f` - A function that is called for each pair to produce result in the final series.
/// using the provided `f` function.
/// key and value. The new key must support equality testing.
/// - `f` - A function to aggregate each group of collected elements.
/// - `series` - An input series to be grouped.
/// the newly produced keys, the nested series are indexed with the original keys.
/// corresponding key exists in the other series index with an associated missing value.
/// only those keys for which there is a value available in the original one.
/// Fill missing values in the series using the specified function.
/// of the missing value.
/// used in a place where the original series contains a missing value.
/// This function can be used to implement more complex interpolation.
/// Fill missing values in the series with a constant value.
/// used on ordered series.
/// Fill missing values only between `startKey` and `endKey`, inclusive.
/// Fill missing values only between the first and last non-missing values.
if not series.IsOrdered then invalidOp "Series must be sorted to use fillMissingInside"
/// the specified comparison function.
/// 0 when the values are equal.
/// values returned by the specified projection function.
/// value contained in the original input series.
/// Returns a new series whose observations are sorted according to keys of the index.
/// on the default ordering defined on the values of the series.
/// Returns a new series, containing the observations of the original series in a reverse order.
/// input sequence, the returned series will contain a missing value.
/// ordinal index formed by `int` values starting from 0.
/// Returns a new series containing the specified keys mapped to the original values of the series.
/// contains _more_ keys, the values for additional keys are missing.
/// the exception of boundaries that are added to the first/last chunk).
/// Such chunks are then aggregated using the provided function `f`.
/// used as the greatest keys in a chunk.
/// single value. Note that this function may be called with empty series.
/// `InvalidOperationException` when the series is not ordered.
/// Such chunks are then returned as nested series.
/// to values using the provided function `f`.
/// keys to a new space.
/// series, similar functionality can be implemented using `Series.groupBy`.
/// specified series (e.g. generate value for all days in the range covered by the series).
/// is used to generate all keys in the range. The chunk is then aggregated using `f`.
/// next chunk, or it produces an empty series.
/// the function searches for a nearest available observation in an neighboring chunk.
/// Otherwise, the function `f` is called with an empty series as an argument.
/// Values `Lookup.Smaller` and `Lookup.Greater` are not supported.
invalidOp "resampleUniformInto: The value of 'fillMode' must include 'Exact'."
/// is used to generate all keys in the range. Then return the chunks as nested series.
/// `sampleTimeInto`. For technical reasons (`inline`) this is public..
/// these keys in a fashion similar to the `Series.resample` function.
/// - `f` - A function that is called to aggregate each chunk into a single value.
/// keys in a fashion similar to the `Series.resample` function.
/// and then finds values close to such keys using the specified `lookup` and `dir`.
/// of interval and at the end of the series.
/// Replace series value given in key with value.
/// Replace series values given in keys with value.
/// Returns a new series which is intersection of two series by (key, value) pair.
/// Compares two series and returns a new series of `Diff`s.
/// how to handle situation when a value is definedin both series.
/// - `behavior` specifies how to handle values available in both series.
/// from the first or the second series, respectively.
/// of series to be merged is large.
/// to use join on frames instead.
/// Align and zip two series using the specified joining mechanism and key matching.
/// it is often easier to use join on frames instead.
/// - `kind` specifies the kind of join you want to use (left, right, inner or outer).
/// For inner join, it is better to use `zipInner` instead.
/// in the other series.
/// Supported values are `Lookup.Exact`, `Lookup.ExactOrSmaller` and `Lookup.ExactOrGreater`.
/// a series of tuples with values from the two series.
/// `None` to indicate a missing result.
/// - `op` - A function that combines values from the two series.


The Lheraud Vintage 1972 Petite Champagne Cognac is a great Cognac that will delight those who enjoy knowing exactly where and when their Cognac hails from. This is one of a range of products from Lheraud that are age specific, and of uber-high quality. And this 1972 offering certainly won't disappoint.
The soils of the Petite Champagne terroir are revered for their production of grapes that are both floral and fruity. And at 45 °, this Cognac has been allowed to gradually mature to become powerful yet balanced: complex yet well rounded. As such it can be enjoyed in a variety of manners. Neat, in the traditional manner. Or over ice for a subtle change in the tasting experience. A wonderful addition to the finest of drinks cabinets.


text:
<html>
<title>org.continuent.appia.protocols.loopback</title>
<body>This protocol simulates loopback on top of group
	communication. It sends a copy to the upper layers of all
	GroupSendableEvents that it receives from above. This is used to
	simulate broadcast (all members, including the sender receive the
	message). This is needed because the broadcast semantic of the group
	communication protocols is that all members except the sender receive
	the message that was sent to the group. Some protocols need to received
	their own messages. In that case, it should put this layer on the
	protocol stack.
</body>
</html>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
BOOKS ON CHILDREN'S HEALTH
For more books, child safety and gift ideas click here
Women's Health News
Childbirth & Pregnancy News
Allergy and Asthma News
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50
20/01/2022 - Artificial pancreas helps youngsters with type 1 diabetes
A "life-changing" artificial pancreas is helping young children with type 1 diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels, British researchers reported today. More
16/12/2021 - The hazards of festive foliage - and other research
It's safe to rock around the Christmas tree – but be careful about the berries on holly, according to the latest annual round of quirky seasonal medical research. More
15/12/2021 - Cannabis to treat epilepsy?
Whole-plant medical cannabis may be effective at reducing epileptic seizures in children, according to a new analysis published today. More
07/12/2021 - Personalised autism care urgently needed
People with autism should be offered personalised, stepped care throughout their lives, an international report sets out today. More
19/11/2021 - Spinal muscular atrophy treatment approved despite "uncertainties"
The NHS today promised a new treatment for hundreds of patients with spinal muscular atrophy after regulators approved the use of a syrup medicine drug, said to improve motor function. More
18/11/2021 - Experts debate genome sequencing in babies
A phased rollout of genome sequencing in newborns, guided by oversight bodies, should be introduced, genome experts say today. More
17/11/2021 - Spotlight on access to cervical cancer vaccine
The world could eliminate cervical cancer by providing access to vaccines, the World Health Organization says today. More
11/11/2021 - Measles outbreak threat as COVID-19 scuppers vaccine programmes
The risk of measles outbreaks is increasing while efforts to eliminate the disease continue to decline, a new report from the World Health Organization and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has warned. More
08/11/2021 - How genome sequencing can change child cancer care
Whole genome sequencing can feasibly be performed for children with cancer – and can frequently change diagnosis or treatment, a major UK conference will hear today. More
03/11/2021 - Group B strep report highlights global impact
The world urgently needs a vaccine against group B streptococcus, according to the World Health Organization. More
28/10/2021 - Mortality risk for children with adrenal insufficiency
Children with adrenal insufficiency have a higher risk of dying than those with other lifelong conditions, new UK research has found. More
13/10/2021 - Heart defect poses low risk in pregnancy
There is "reassuringly low" maternal mortality among women with congenital heart disease during pregnancy and birth, according to an analysis published today. More
07/10/2021 - Malaria vaccination given green light
The world's first vaccination programme against malaria is to be launched following the success of trials, it has been announced. More
05/10/2021 - Wireless kit a good alternative 'glue ear' treatment
A wireless kit with an app might be a cheap alternative to the usual treatment for glue ear and could avoid the need for surgery, developers report today. More
01/10/2021 - New medicines added to essentials lists
Two new lists of essential medicines have been published by the World Health Organization with a pledge it will help widen access to treatments. More
29/09/2021 - New global initiative to defeat meningitis
A new global strategy on meningitis has been launched, with the aim of preventing over 200,000 deaths each year. More
28/09/2021 - Healthy diet linked to child mental health
Children who have a healthy diet, with plenty of fruit and vegetables, may benefit from improved mental wellbeing, a new study has shown. More


text:
Anwar Adnan Saleh (born 1948) is a former Governor of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. He was inaugurated in 2006.

References

1948 births
Living people
Governors of West Sulawesi
People from South Sulawesi
Golkar politicians

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Does anyone else remember paper dolls? I remember buying paper doll books when I was younger. The dolls were literally just sheets of card, sometimes with a foldable tab at the bottom for it to stand on the table, and without any of the paper clothes, was just a girl in underwear. I remember most paper dolls being nice designs, watercolour-paint style, rather than being exceptionally cartoony. They were well illustrated.
Clothes for the doll were just paper or card with tabs that stuck out on the sides. The clothes were illustrated so that they would fit perfectly on the paper doll if you were to cut them out and place them on top. Over time I think that the clothes became perforated in the paper doll books, so you could easily tear them out, rather than having to use scissors to cut them out. The tabs were to be folded behind the paper doll when you placed the clothes on top of her, and they were not supposed to easily come off.
Some paper dolls were made black and white, so that you could colour in the clothes however you wanted. I think headwear was also fairly limited, because the head was usually a bit dainty and it was hard to fold things on or over.
I once got tired of the clothes blowing off because the tabs were not strong enough once you folded them behind the doll. You could have bought some blu-tack to stick the clothes on the doll more permanently, but still temporarily.
I was such a huge fan of stationery and being creative, and I had loved doll houses when I was younger, so the era of the paper doll is one that I remember quite fondly.
Magnets sound like a really cool idea!
!!!!!!!! Oh my gosh, I remembered those days when paper dolls were a thing!! I used to have the Sailor Moon collection as a kid and would always dress them up and keep the outfits in a box. I wondered what ever happened to them??? I know I had to always cut them out (probably before perforated cutouts came into the market or it was too expensive) and if I accidentally cut the tab, I was screwed :(. Or maybe my 5 year old self didn't have enough accuracy or innovation to make fake tabs.. I wonder if these paper dolls are still in the market. I'm sure I will let my daughter play with paper dolls even if I have to make them myself in the future XD.
I used to play with these dolls quite frequently as a kid. I was more on the tom-boyish side, but my grandmother and mother wanted me to have girly things, so I chose to get these instead. I think ours came in a book and you had to peel and peel. I can't believe you thought of these. Brings back good childhood memories.
OHHH MAN. This takes me back! I played with a few dolls that my sister (ten years my senior) played with. They were pretty mangled and the male doll I had had a head that would bend off. It was almost ripped. They were so fun! I think they're a lot easier to play with than dolls with clothes, since you just place the clothes on top instead of having to wriggle them into and out of fabric.
I also remember a set of static-like plastic ones I used, but I didn't enjoy them as much. The paper dolls I had were about 14 inches tall and the plastic-y ones were maybe half that, maximum.
But the paperdolls you have featured above are actually more stylish and obviously a bit more towards teens to adults. I actually like the idea of them being magnets!


To inquire about placing an order, click the Contact tab and send a message. Be sure to tell me the ways in which you possess the spirit of Aloha and why you want The Zukulele®.
The following list will give you a rough idea of the costs involved. All prices are what I pay for materials. I do not add mark-up, and labor, equipment and incidentals are provided at no charge. Shipping fees not included.
Content copyright 2016 - 2019. Zukulele is a registered trademark of Michael Zuch. All rights reserved.


text:
New York Governor Kicks Off U.S. Women's Soccer Team's Ticker-Tape... by: Stacey A. Bastone
EPA Will Quit Sending TSCA CBI Claims of Deficiency in August 2019 by: Lynn L. Bergeson and Carla N. Hutton
FTC and D-Link Settle Data Security Dispute by: Sheila A. Millar and Tracy P. Marshall
The Latest: New DOJ Antitrust Division Policy Makes Compliance... by: Nicole L. Castle and Stefan M. Meisner
Recent ALJ Decision Provides Important Nuance Regarding Workplace No... by: Steven J. Porzio
Jason R. Baron
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
DBR on Data
Communications, Media & Internet
All Federal
New Executive Order on Maintaining American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence
On February 11, 2019, President Trump signed an Executive Order on "Maintaining American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence." The Executive Order (EO) recognizes that the United States is the world leader in AI research and development (R&D) and deployment," and that "[c]ontinued American leadership in AI is of paramount importance. . . ."
The EO assigns coordination of AI activities to the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence. Heads of agencies that perform or fund R&D shall consider AI as an agency R&D priority, and shall take this priority into account when developing future budget proposals. The EO gives the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 90 days to publish a notice in the Federal Register inviting public comment on improving AI R&D and testing. Within 180 days, OMB, in coordination with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Director of the Domestic Policy Council, and the Director of the National Economic Council, is to issue a memorandum to the heads of all agencies to further inform on how agencies may develop both regulatory and non-regulatory approaches empowered or enabled by AI "while upholding civil liberties, privacy and American values."
The EO also provides agencies with 180 days to consider "methods of improving the quality, usability, and appropriate access to priority data identified by the AI research community," and "associated resource implications." In coordination with the Federal Privacy Council (established by EO 13719, dated February 9, 2016), relevant federal agency staff shall identify barriers to increased access to certain types of AI-related data and models, including taking into account considerations including "privacy and civil liberty protections for individuals who may be affected by increased access and use, as well as confidentiality protections for individuals and other data providers," and "safety and security concerns, including those related to the association or compilation of data and models."
The EO directs heads of implementing agencies that currently provide for educational grants to consider "AI as a priority area within existing Federal fellowship and service programs." Eligible programs include high school, undergraduate, and graduate fellowships, alternative education, and training programs; programs to recognize and fund early-career university faculty who conduct AI R&D, including through Presidential awards and recognitions; and scholarship for service programs, among others.
According to a senior administration official quoted by the Associated Press , the plan does not include funding details and that it will be up to Congress to appropriate money.
The full Executive Order may be found at this link.
©2019 Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP. All Rights Reserved
You Could be a Celebrity Without Knowing it if You Have 30,000 Followers on Social Media
Telecom Alert - Rural Digital Opportunity Fund; 911 Items at August Open Meeting; Broadband Data Collection Order; 900 MHz Freeze; FCC Actions Impacting Multitenant Properties; Millimeter Wave Auction - Vol. XVI, Issue 28
Facial Recognition Technology - Good or Bad?
New York Governor Kicks Off U.S. Women's Soccer Team's Ticker-Tape Parade with Equal Pay Legislation
EPA Will Quit Sending TSCA CBI Claims of Deficiency in August 2019
Bergeson & Campbell, P.C.
FTC and D-Link Settle Data Security Dispute
The Latest: New DOJ Antitrust Division Policy Makes Compliance Programs More Critical than Ever
Recent ALJ Decision Provides Important Nuance Regarding Workplace No Recording Rules
Jason R. Baron is an internationally recognized speaker and author on the preservation of electronic documents. Jason previously served as Director of Litigation for the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and as trial lawyer and senior counsel at the DOJ.
As NARA's Director of Litigation, Jason led the administration's efforts to provide responsive White House email and other records in the massive U.S. v. Philip Morris RICO lawsuit, and assisted in the defense of lawsuits filed against the Archivist of the United States under the Freedom of...
jason.baron@dbr.com
www.drinkerbiddle.com/


A cute way to ask and present them with a handmade gift at the same time!
This salt dough angel ornament is handcrafted by me, all lettering is done by me. She's shown in midnight blue, other colors are available, see options.
Angel is painted, sealed twice, once before and once after lettering is completed. Even though she's made of dough, she's a non-edible, permanent ornament that you or your gift recipient can enjoy from year to year. Finished with a black wire hanger, she's perfect for as a kitchen/cubicle decoration or even a Christmas tree ornament.
All of my angels sport a rustic tin star above the lettering.
Angel measures almost 4" tall and wide, not including hanger.
For more ideas ~ Click here for more Baptism favors / gifts.
Please don't hesitate to write with any questions, we LOVE hearing from our customers and most times respond within minutes!


Teachers and Administrators (Units A and B, Principals, Central Administrators) participate in the Massachusetts Teachers Retirement System. Teaching assistants, program specialists, secretaries, office assistants, food service workers and managers (Units C, D, and E) participate in the Town of Needham Retirement Board.
Assistant Superintendent for Human Resources conducts a retirement workshop in October (see MyLearningPlan for date and time) each year to assist people in planning for retirement. Each contract has a required notification date to access sick leave buy back (see specific unit contracts).
Teacher interested in more information about retirement can visit the Massachusetts Teachers' Retirement System's web page.


text:
180 Broome Street at Essex Crossing
Client Delancey Street Associates (L+M Development Partners, Taconic Investment Partners, BFC Partners, The Prusik Group)
Location New York City, NY
Project Type Residential,	Residential Rental,	Mixed-Use,	Office,	Retail
facebook Created with Sketch. twitter Created with Sketch. mail Created with Sketch.
180 Broome's podium and 25-story tower are visually defined by oversized frames.
180 Broome Street sits at the Manhattan entrance to the Williamsburg Bridge, anchoring the connection between the historic Lower East Side of Manhattan and Brooklyn's Williamsburg neighborhood. The building includes a 19-story residential tower rising above a 5-story commercial podium that occupies a full New York City block. The tower includes 263 residential apartments with 121 of the units designated as affordable. The base of the building, at 75 feet in height, transitions the scale of the tower and connects it to the 60- to 80-foot residential buildings of the Lower East Side.
180 Broome is part of Essex Crossing, a new 1.65-million-square-foot development that includes market and affordable housing, senior affordable housing, a 15,000 sq. ft. urban park, a new and expanded Essex Street Market, community facilities, a rooftop urban farm, 280,000 sq. ft. of office space and a diverse mix of retail components. The Market Line - a natural light-filled concourse spanning the cellar level of three sites, including 180 Broome - will be home to some of New York City's most diverse small businesses and will be composed of small to medium-sized vendor stalls.
The design inspiration for 180 Broome Street was driven by the building's proximity to the Williamsburg Bridge. Oversized frames define the building façade, acting as a reinterpretation of the trussed structure within the Williamsburg Bridge and framing a pattern of large windows that provide unobstructed, panoramic views from the interior of the office space and the residential tower. At the lower levels, the large expanse of glass allows natural light into the Market Line concourse to support the gardens within and funnel light into the below grade retail spaces.
The Essex (at right) and 180 Broome (at left) are the two largest buildings in the redevelopment of Essex Crossing.
180 Broome Street is part of the larger Essex Crossing development, which will include housing, office, retail, marketspace, and access to the Market Line.
The Market Line runs through three sites below grade, anchored on either end by The Essex and 180 Broome.
180 Broome's commercial podium includes 140,000 sq. ft. of office space and a soaring two-story concourse that provides access to the below-grade Market Line.
The ground floor features a diverse array of storefronts on all four sides of the building that provide multiple access points to the Market Line as well as the residential tower, office space and ground floor retail.
The full height glazing of the ground floor establishes visual connections between interior and exterior greenscape.
The natural elements of the new Essex Crossing Park to the south are drawn into the building via green walls, stepped interior gardens and planted trellises. Illuminated totems of glass from within the office lobby draw workers from the busy urban plaza into the core of the building.
The roof of the office space supports an elevated park-like terrace.
The terrace spans nearly 1/3 of an acre and offers views of the Lower East Side and greater New York City.
Nov 19,2019 Construction Update: Essex Crossing (Field Condition) Read Nov 07,2019 Essex Crossing Is the Anti-Hudson Yards (NYTimes) Read Sep 12,2019 Why Essex Crossing Is a Model Mega-Development (CityLab) Read Oct 24,2017 Leasing Begins For Essex Crossing's Commercial Space, Lower East Side (New York YIMBY) Read
Design Architect Architect of Record Interior Designer (Residential & Office)
Design Partner(s)
Interior Designer (Market Line) - Studios Architecture
Moso Studio
Building Certifications
LEED ND Enterprise Green Communities
Isidora 3000


text:
Q: how to pass a value in a foreach loop in php when there is an exit in it It is about this situation:
For copying files in a filemanagement, i use checkboxes which can be clicked. Every checkbox has its own value; the file! Like: uploads/image1.jpg or uploads/image2.jpg
All values are bind to 1 variable, $checkboxfiles (so its an array of files).
For copying the checked files to another folder, i do a check if a file with the same name already exists in that folder. If yes, i show a popup with a form to confirm for overwriting or not.
The php code:
// Multiple copy and move (checkboxes)
if( isset($_POST["checkboxes_value"]) && isset($_POST["cbdestination"]) ) {

$checkboxfiles = explode("," , $_POST["checkboxes_value"]); // contains multiple values of files

foreach($checkboxfiles as $checkboxfile) {
    $src_file = $checkboxfile;
    $fileName = basename($src_file);
    $new_dest = $_POST['cbdestination'];

    /* New path for this file */
    $dest_file = $MainFolderName.'/'. $new_dest . '/' . $fileName;

    /* check for overwriting */
    $allow = $_POST['overwrite'];
    if($allow == '') { // if not empty, the request comes from the popup and is confirmed
        if(file_exists($dest_file)) {
            include('alerts/file_copy_exists.php'); // includes a form to confirm overwriting
            exit; // i must use this and wait for confirmation
        }
    }

    $copy = copy( $src_file, $dest_file );
    // and so on...

} // end foreach

The problem: Lets say i check 3 files, and want to copy them to another folder. 2 of them with the same name already exists in that folder. In that case, i have to use the exit; in the overwrite loop and wait for confirmation. But when i use the exit, the foreach works not anymore. The popup for the last file only appears.
When not using the exit; , 2 popups appear to confirm. But in that case, the files are already overwritten. So these popups are useless!
How can i deal with this situation?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


AmandaJoin . AnneliseMcGee. Karlitalove. LATYNYOUNGHOT.
ValerieAngelZelenaCDSOPORAETERNUSjuanesCoxXx1 .MiguellTownArielDsweetypaolaBluEyedBrunette .AmateurCoupleXXXzeliaDiscretionRitaJ .LunaWhiteDEIVIS7DiscretionS3xyMami .VaneLatinaGameWAbellaSinsFenaSikTest .DerekHottLunaWhitebustykate22MAGICMIKESEXYY .LenaReedMakeLoveCouplezoeydouxAlisiaCandy .BreHassanxBarbie20RaspberrycherryDerekHott .ZelenaCDValerieAngelAbellaSinsnaomisexualtime .ANDYYFOXIraAndKayleemelossoshotxxxEsteban1988 .onlydudeshotDerekHottCiindyyyyLyaan .
ShelbyblowsJayIloveANALhunSherriHiIINaturallyBlond .amazonabbsAbellaSinsmelossoshotxxxonlydudeshot .SeductiveSinnerBreHassanDerekHottDiscretion .KaydenDeeBarbieDolly18SeductiveSinnerAmateurCoupleXXX .CaitlyandRichIraAndKayleeNaturallyBlondBartolo .BellaEmellydexterHORNEYMiguellTownLovelyJj .SophieBbRokoBoymelossoshotxxxSTEPHANIEManson .SmileyMatthewIloveANALhunNewGoddes1amazonabbs .onlydudeshotBluEyedBrunetteBluEyedBrunettetsTOPgoddes .NicholasPerezAbellaSinsDEIVIS7BigXoXoxx .KuklaBlondAnneliseMcGeeBlodyHarryMarceSexHot .


Being the first to pave the way for others is a unique calling for many of us striving to live a life of purpose and integrating that purpose into our business. I started Fresh Tracks because I don't believe in building cookie-cutter businesses. As individual as each of us are, I believe you are most successful when you listen to your intuition, honor your unique gifts, and create your business your way. And that often means not doing things the way everyone else does. This podcast was created to share ideas, best practices, and bring thought leaders together to help you create fresh tracks in your life and business.
In this week's episode of Fresh Tracks I speak with Jason Lauritsen about Social Gravity and the Natural Laws of Relationships. We start by discussing the role intentionality plays in relationships and how that is different than manipulation. There is great power in setting an intention when building new relationships and Jason shares with us how to set intentions and give us examples of good intentions vs bad intentions.
About Jason Lauritsen Jason Lauritsen a keynote speaker, author and advisor. He is an employee engagement and workplace culture expert who will challenge you to think differently.
Most recently, he led the research team for Quantum Workplace's Best Places to Work program where he has studied the employee experience at thousands of companies to understand what the best workplaces in the world do differently than the rest. Jason is the co-author of the book, Social Gravity: Harnessing the Natural Laws of Relationships. Connect with Jason at www.JasonLauritsen.com.


text:
Q: Merge rows values in data frame based on column value I'm trying to join the non-null values of rows that have equal values in a given column. Here's an example:
Date        x        y
2017-06-01  5        NA   <- to merge
2017-06-01  NA       8    <- to merge
2017-05-02  55       33

What I need is to transform what is above into:
Date        x        y
2017-06-01  5        8    <- merged lines
2017-05-02  55       33

How can I do this using some list comprehension or lambda expression?

A: As long as you have identical data in each row, and just a couple of them are missing, this should work.
# sample data
myData <- data.frame(date = c(Sys.Date(), Sys.Date(), Sys.Date(), Sys.Date()-2),
                  x = c(5, NA, 5, 55),
                  y = c(NA, 8, 8, 33),  stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
#myData
#        date  x  y
# 2017-12-13  5 NA
# 2017-12-13 NA  8
# 2017-12-13  5  8
# 2017-12-11 55 33

# merge the lines
myData <- aggregate(myData[-1], list(myData$date), FUN = mean, na.rm = TRUE)

#> myData
#     Group.1  x  y
# 2017-12-11 55 33
# 2017-12-13  5  8

A: Using a method that is very similar to the one used in this answer, we can perform the operation you want, using the dplyr package. Note that I created a sample data set that is very similar to yours.
library(dplyr)
# generate sample data
dat <- data.frame(grp = c('a','a','b'),
                  x = c(5, NA, 55),
                  y = c(NA, 8, 33), stringsAsFactors = FALSE)

dat

#   grp  x  y
# 1   a  5 NA
# 2   a NA  8
# 3   b 55 33

my_fun <- function(x) x[!is.na(x)]

dat %>%
    group_by(grp) %>%
    summarise_all(funs(my_fun))

# A tibble: 2 × 3
#     grp     x     y
#   <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
# 1     a     5     8
# 2     b    55    33

Edit - more than one non-missing value in a column for a group(s).
I generate some more data that has more than one non-missing value in a column for a group. We can use expand.grid, unique, and complete.cases to find all the combinations of non-missing values. Note that this is how I think you want the problem solved, but without any more specifics, it is quite hard to know for sure.
dat <- structure(list(grp = c("a", "a", "a", "b", "b"), x = c(5, NA,
3, 8, NA), y = c(8, 9, NA, NA, 3)), .Names = c("grp", "x", "y"
), row.names = c(NA, -5L), class = "data.frame")

#   grp  x  y
# 1   a  5  8
# 2   a NA  9
# 3   a  3 NA
# 4   b  8 NA
# 5   b NA  3

do.call('rbind', by(dat, dat$grp, function(d){
  new_d <- unique(expand.grid(d, stringsAsFactors = FALSE))
  new_d[complete.cases(new_d), ]
}))

#      grp x y
# a.1    a 5 8
# a.7    a 3 8
# a.10   a 5 9
# a.16   a 3 9
# b      b 8 3

A: Please let me know if it doesn't fit your use cases. I had some fun doing it and hope it to be a general solution to the problem of groupwise merging by row by exclusion of a token, or else tie of values as specified by user supplied function. If no values are left on exclusive merge, a replace value can be given. Should successfully handle NA values as replace value and as part of data.frame.
Everything is base R
#' Token in data.frame?
#'
#' Looks through all elements of data.frame to see if token is there.
#' Will only look in columns type compatible with token
#'
#' @param token The token to look for
#' @param df, data.frame to look in
#' @return Scalar boolean
contains <- function(token, df) {
  mask <- class(token) == lapply(df, class)
  all(
    unlist(
      lapply(df[, mask], function(col) {
        found <- token %in% col
        if(any(found)) return(TRUE)
        found
      })
    )
  )
}

#' Matrix Mask
#'
#' Calculate a boolean matrix mask of where
#' token is in data.frame. Token match is TRUE
#' in matrix, everything else FALSE
#'
#' @param token, token to look for
#' @param df, data.frame to look in
#' @return matrix of boolean type
matrix.mask <- function(token, df){
  as.matrix(
    lapply(df, function(c){
      if(is.na(token)) {
        sapply(c, is.na) #NA need special handling
      } else {
        token == c
      }
    })
  )
}

#' Is Equal
#'
#' Test for equality by value and accounts for special handling of NA
#' All value sin lhs and rhs need to be of same type. If one contains any NA, value is FALSE
#'
#' @param lhs symbol to test for value equality against rhs
#' @param rhs symbol to test for value equality agains lhs
#' @return boolean vector or scalar depending on lhs and rhs
is.equal <- function(lhs, rhs) {
  if(all(is.na(lhs)) && all(is.na(rhs))) {
    return(rep(TRUE, max(length(lhs), length(rhs))))
  } else if (any(is.na(lhs)) || any(is.na(rhs)))
    {
      return(rep(FALSE, max(length(lhs), length(rhs))))
    }
    else
    {
      lhs == rhs
    }

  }

#' Merge rows grouped by index column with exclusion of token
#'
#' Merge rows in a data.frame by excluding token.
#' Rows are considered by grouping as given by factor 'ind'
#' If exclusion of token does not render the group of rows
#' at that particular column value to only have one value
#' left, the vector of values left in that column will be
#' transformed to scalar by means of supplied tie function.
#'
#' @param df data.frame to do row-wise merge in
#' @param ind name or index of column to apply grouping of rows against
#' @param token a value to exclude during merge of rows
#' @param tie a function that takes a vector and returns a scalar
#' @param replace value to substitute with if column becomes efter merge, ie the group
#' rows contained only token
#' @param return merged data.frame
merge.rows = function(df, ind, token, tie, replace) {
  #check invariants
  col.names <- names(df)
  stopifnot(ind %in% col.names | ind <= length(col.names))

  if(is.character(ind)) {ind <- which(ind %in% col.names)} #make sure ind is numeric
  if(!(is.factor(df[, ind]))) {
    ind.type <- lapply(df[ind], class)
    df[ind] <- lapply(df[ind], as.factor)
  }
  ind.name <- col.names[ind]

  #fast return
  if(
    ! contains(token, df[, -ind])
  ) {
     return(df)
      }
  #list for each group with values for each column
  merged.outer <-
  by(df, as.list(df[ind]), simplify = F, FUN = function(rows) {
    #short circuit with same return type

    if(nrow(rows) == 1) {return(as.list(rows))}

    index.inner <- rows[1, ind]
    rows.data <- rows[-ind] #calculate without index factor

    rows.mask <- matrix.mask(token, rows.data)

    #list with value for each column in index group
    merged.inner <-
      mapply(function(rs, mask){
      keep <- rs[! mask]

      if(length(keep) > 1){ #put back index
          tie(keep) #tie if many values
        } else {
          keep
        }
    }, rows.data, rows.mask, SIMPLIFY = F, USE.NAMES = T)

    should.replace <- lapply(merged.inner, is.equal, token)

    merged.inner.replaced <-
    mapply(function(val, should) {
      if(should) {val <- replace} else {val}
    }, merged.inner, should.replace)

    c(as.list(rows[ind]), merged.inner.replaced)

  })

  #make df again

  df.merged <- Reduce(rbind, lapply(merged.outer, as.data.frame))
  df.merged

}

d1 = data.frame(Date = as.Date(c('2017-06-01', '2017-06-01', '2017-05-02'), format='%Y-%m-%d'),
                X = c(5, NA, 55),
                Y = c(NA, 8, 33))

a1 <- merge.rows(d1, "Date", NA)
#         Date  X  Y
# 1 2017-05-02 55 33
# 2 2017-06-01  5  8

d2 = data.frame(Date = as.Date(c('2017-06-01', '2017-06-01', '2017-05-02'), format='%Y-%m-%d'),
                X = c(5, 6, 55),
                Y = c(6, 8, 33))
a2 <- merge.rows(d2, "Date", 6)
#         Date  X  Y
# 1 2017-05-02 55 33
# 2 2017-06-01  5  8

#data from bouncyball for better comparison
dat <- structure(list(grp = c("a", "a", "a", "b", "b"),
                  x = c(5, NA, 3, 8, NA), y = c(8, 9, NA, NA, 3)),
                 .Names = c("grp", "x", "y"), row.names = c(NA, -5L), class = "data.frame")

#apply insert the mean if more than one value in grouped column
merge.rows(dat, "grp", NA, mean)
#   grp x   y
# 1   a 4 8.5
# 2   b 8 3.0

#apply insert the max if more than one value in grouped column
merge.rows(dat, "grp", NA, max)
#   grp x y
# 1   a 5 9
# 2   b 8 3

dat2 <- structure(list(grp1 = rep(c("a", "b"), each=4),
                       grp2 = rep(c("c", "d"), times = 2, each=2),
                      x = c(5, NA, 3, 8, NA, 8, 3, 9), y = c(8, 9, NA, NA, 3, 6, 2, NA)),
                 .Names = c("grp1", "grp2", "x", "y"), row.names = c(NA, 8L), class = "data.frame")

#merge on group by two columns
merge.rows(dat2, c("grp1", "grp2"), NA, mean, 999)
#   grp1 grp2   x     y
# 1    a    c 5.0   8.5
# 2    a    c 5.0   8.5
# 3    b    c 8.0   4.5
# 4    b    c 8.0   4.5
# 5    a    d 5.5 999.0
# 6    a    d 5.5 999.0
# 7    b    d 6.0   2.0
# 8    b    d 6.0   2.0

A: For the given sample data with only one non-NA value per variable and group, this can be solved with a concise "one-liner":
library(data.table)
# coerce to class data.table, group by column Date,
# for each of the other columns remove any NA values
setDT(DF)[, lapply(.SD, na.omit), Date]

         Date  x  y
1: 2017-06-01  5  8
2: 2017-05-02 55 33

Data
DF <- structure(list(Date = c("2017-06-01", "2017-06-01", "2017-05-02"
), x = c(5L, NA, 55L), y = c(NA, 8L, 33L)), .Names = c("Date",
"x", "y"), row.names = c(NA, -3L), class = "data.frame")


KEMEA Yamaha Official MX2 Race Report, GP16 Uddevalla, Sweden.
The Swedish track in Uddevalla is one of the most iconic on the calendar and always a pleasure to go to. The great natural track with the huge rocks in the background always hosts a lot of fans and produces some great racing over and over again. Although we're mid summer, the weather wasn't stable at all and all weekend long showers and sun mixed it up.
One week after the great win of Paturel in Switzerland, the weekend once again started with good news for the KEMEA team announcing Russian talent Vsevolod Brylyakov will join the team for next year next to Jago Geerts!
With the winning feeling still fresh in his head, Benoit was riding well on Saturday. Despite a bad start he managed to move up really quick and finished strong as fourth in the qualification race. Brent too was in the back of the pack and came back from outside the top 20 to 14th, 2 places ahead of home rider Ostlund.
Mixed weather conditions made the track very rutty and difficult to ride on, with limited places to pass which makes the start crucial. Alvin was the only one getting a decent jump out of the gate. He came through in 9th after the first lap while Benoit and Brent were outside the top 20. Ostlund stayed in the top 10 early on but faded to 14th in the second half of the race. Benoit charged through the pack picking up riders until the very last lap to finish 7th. Brent from his side came back to 15th position.
In the second moto all three KEMEA riders had a bad start and had to start the race from far back. This time again Paturel came back to 7th showing great speed. He got 7th overall and remains in third in the championship standings. Brent had more trouble getting through the traffic and finished the race in 13, earning him 14th overall on the day. Alvin couldn't find a good rhythm on the track and finished 19th in the final moto and 17th overall. Brent is now 10th in the championship standings and Alvin 16th.
"It wasn't a good weekend for me. I had two bad starts and on this track it was hard to make the difference with the others and to pass them. I'm not happy with the result but let's take the positive out of it. The speed was good again so the focus remain the starts. Up to the states now to finish the season on a high note."
"The results weren't good this weekend but at least I was feeling better on the bike. With bad starts it was hard to move up. It looked like there were a lot of lines on the track but there was only 1 good one. When you wanted to pass, you needed to be really close and take risks. So I couldn't move up as I wanted but it was encouraging to see that whenever I passed someone I could make up the gap with the next rider pretty fast."
"I'm really disappointed with the results in my home race. I guess sometimes you need to feel it the hard way if you want to progress… Happy though to see so many people in Uddevalla to support me. Up to the next one!"


देखें GISELLE KIMONO TUTORIAL यहाँ.
Fold the COLLAR RIGHT SIDES together lengthways. Sew the bottom seam allowances together. Clip the corner and trim the seam allowances. मुड़ें दाएँ पक्ष बाहर और प्रेस.
एक साथ आगे और पीछे दाएँ पक्ष निर्धारित करना. पिन और कंधे सीवन भत्ते सिलाई.
पिन और सिलाई. Press the seam open. दूसरे पक्ष के लिए दुहराएँ.
एक साथ आगे और पीछे दाएँ पक्ष निर्धारित करना. Fold the SLEEVE and SHOULDER RIGHT SIDES together as shown.
दोहराएँ कदम 3,5 तथा 6 for the lining, substituting the SHOULDER and SLEEVE for the SLEEVE LINING piece and ignoring the use of the TIES.
परिधान दाएँ पक्ष बाहर के साथ, fold the seam allowances of the hemline to the inside and use a hand stitch to secure.


Studying at the German language school in Heidelberg, was great. Originally I booked to study for 10 weeks through CESA, but decided to study there again because I had thoroughly enjoyed it.
The city of Heidelberg is beautiful and there are lots of students around so there is always something going on!
The classes are friendly and it is easy to find the right class that is suited to your language level. The school also offers; weekly activities, trips to different cities, school parties and lunches, extra free grammar classes and culture talks. This gave me the opportunity to meet new students and make friends.
Overall I had a brilliant experience and my language skills improved hugely.


Our mission is simple. To help our clients pursue their financial goals and dreams.
We accomplish this through a comprehensive review of our clients' investment objectives, combined with a conservative, long-term approach to investing, choosing proper life and long term care insurance, and superior, friendly service.
It is this commitment to excellence which has made our firm one of the premier financial services providers in Florida.


Goldenseal root is harvested from the Appalachian Mountains in North America. Including e - d - s, an enzyme delivery system from 100% plant sources. Available in easy-to- swallow vegetable capsules for maximum assimilation and absorption.
Goldenseal Root Extract (hydrastis canadensis, 5% alkaloids) 250 mg.
e-d-s, Enzyme Delivery System (plant enzymes from pectinase, amylase, CereCalase, cellulase, lipase, glucoamylase, protease, peptidase) 21 mg.


who suffer retaliation can recover damages.
all sizes of employers. Call today for help.
9. How can I file a complaint / How long do I have to file?
"Protected conduct" includes all aspects of trying to oppose or remedy discrimination, such as: filing a charge of discrimination. Examples are: threatening to file a charge; complaining about, opposing or protesting perceived discrimination against that employee or another employee; assisting someone else in opposing discrimination; giving evidence or testimony to an investigator; refusing to engage in conduct that the person believes to be unlawful; and refusing to assist an employer (by testimony or otherwise) in discriminating. Under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), requesting or taking medical leave or protesting your employer's refusal to allow you to take leave is considered protected conduct. Even making inquiries about a certain policy or practice of the company, or about your participation in any retirement or other plan covered by the Employee Retirement Income and Security Act (ERISA), is protected conduct.
Your employer must have retaliated against you in some way that affects the "terms and conditions" of your employment before the conduct is unlawful. Usually, unlawful retaliation takes the form of demotion, harassment or termination. You must show that your job was adversely affected by your employer before you can proceed with a retaliation claim.
This standard was relaxed somewhat in June, 2006. The plaintiff in Burlington Northern v. White was the only woman forklift operator in the Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co.'s maintenance department in the Memphis, Tenn., train yard in 1997.
After she complained to Burlington Northern officials of gender discrimination, she was reassigned to a less desirable laborer position—albeit one with the same pay and benefits. She filed an Equal Employment Opportunity Commission complaint about the demotion; later, she was accused of insubordination toward a supervisor and suspended without pay. More than a month later, the company found she hadn't been insubordinate, reinstated her and awarded her back pay.
White sued Burlington Northern for retaliation based in part on the transfer and the suspension. After a one-week jury trial, she won $43,500 in damages plus medical expenses and attorney fees. But despite this courtroom victory, her journey through the nation's judicial system was only just beginning.
It ended in a resounding defeat for the railway and an important victory not only for White but also for employment discrimination plaintiffs nationwide.
Applying a much broader test for retaliation than had previously existed in many federal judicial circuits, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that both Burlington Northern's suspension of White and the company's transfer of White to a less desirable job independently established an actionable retaliation claim.
Until now, to prove a retaliation complaint, plaintiffs in certain circuits had to show not only job-related adverse conduct by the employer but an "ultimate employment decision" such as a firing.
In Burlington Northern, however, Justice Stephen G. Breyer wrote that neither element is necessarily required to create a claim for retaliation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. concurred in the otherwise unanimous opinion.
Rather, any action that materially injures or harms an employee who has complained of discrimination and would dissuade a reasonable worker from making or supporting a charge of discrimination can constitute actionable retaliation, Breyer wrote.
Title VII prohibits employers from discriminating against workers on the basis of certain characteristics, such as gender and race. The statute provides for retaliation claims if a worker complains of illegal discrimination and is then punished for making the complaint.
The issue of what exactly constitutes punishment sufficient to establish a retaliation claim had divided the federal appellate courts for years. Some held that an employee who complains of discrimination essentially has to be fired or demoted before he or she can successfully sue for retaliation. Other courts of appeals, however, said any adverse employment action reasonably likely to deter an employee from asserting rights under Title VII is sufficient to support a cause of action.
In White's case, even the judges of the Cincinnati-based 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals disagreed. A divided three-judge panel initially reversed the judgment against Burlington Northern on the retaliation claims. White v. Burlington Northern, 310 F.3d 443 (2002). And then, when the en banc court subsequently upheld the judgment for the plaintiff, there was disagreement about the correct standard to apply. Burlington Northern v. White, 364 F.3d 789 (2004).
Breyer's sweeping opinion clears up this confusion, coming down clearly on the side of wronged workers.
Applying this standard to White's case, the Supreme Court found that "reassignment of job duties is not automatically actionable." At the same time, though, an employer cannot avoid legal scrutiny by claiming, as Burlington Northern did, that there was no retaliation because the plaintiff's duties, before and after reassignment, fell within the same job description. Here, because evidence showed the job to which White was reassigned was considered harder, dirtier and less prestigious, a jury could reasonably find that the reassignment was retaliatory, the opinion stated.
The most difficult part of a retaliation claim is showing a causal connection between your protected conduct and the adverse action taken against you. Timing can be evidence of a causal connection. If your employer fires you shortly after you file a charge of discrimination, one can infer that your protected conduct was the real reason for your termination. Other ways to establish causal connection include showing that other employees who engaged in protected activity were fired, showing that other employees guilty of the same alleged misconduct were not fired, or showing any other circumstance which justifies an inference that your termination was motivated by your protected activity.
To schedule a consultation with Pittsburgh workplace retaliation attorney Charles A. Lamberton, call 412-258-2250.


text:
Q: Password change audit on solaris Is it possible for the Solaris audit sub system to log all password resets for local Solaris accounts?
I can't find anything in Oracle's docs, or through general googling, so I'm curious whether this can be done,  or if this is a technical limitation of the operating system.

A: How about the ua audit flag? I'd expect it to cover user password changes.
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19683-01/817-0365/auditref-tbl-2/index.html

A: Perhaps something like this helps you:
root@solaris:~# auditconfig -setflags ua
user default audit flags = ua(0x40000,0x40000)

Please check alreaded set flags with auditconfig -getflags
Then read the audit log with the usual auditreduce/praudit combo.
root@solaris:~# auditreduce -c ua /var/audit/20180910183619.not_terminated.solaris | praudit
file,2018-09-10 18:39:21.000+00:00,
header,97,2,passwd,,solaris,2018-09-10 18:39:21.251+00:00
subject,jmoekamp,root,sys,jmoekamp,staff,1188,787827102,151 2 192.168.1.xxx
return,success,0
header,97,2,passwd,,solaris,2018-09-10 18:41:07.981+00:00
subject,jmoekamp,root,sys,jmoekamp,staff,1194,787827102,151 2 192.168.1.xxx
return,success,0

A: AUE_passwd is the audit event, which is indeed in the 'ua' class (which is not enabled by default before Solaris 11.4, so you may need to explicitly add it).
An AUE_passwd event can be generated by the passwd(1) command or when a user changes their password during login or reauthentication using: /bin/login, /bin/su, vt switch on system console, gdm, xlock, xscreensaver, ssh.


text:
Sequoia & Kings Canyon
National Parks California
Invasive Non-Native Plants
Kirke Wrench
Non-native plant species are those that are introduced to an area by humans either intentionally or unintentionally. These plants are also known as alien, exotic, introduced, and non-indigenous. They are an enormous concern for the National Park Service; recent information indicates that non-native plants are infesting 4600 new acres of federal land each day.
Nearly one in eight plant species in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks is non-native. Many of these species appear to have a fairly small impact on the parks, but many others are drastically changing ecosystem structure and processes. The plants that have the biggest impact, such as yellow star thistle, periwinkle, reed canary grass, and Italian thistle, can take over large areas, completely excluding native species. Visit our invasive plant information page for details about these species, including identification tips and a history of projects to help manage outbreaks.
Yellow star thistle is highly invasive and has been widely dispersed throughout California as a result of human presence.
Photo by Jo-Ann Ordano, © California Academy of Sciences; inset photo by Jerry Asher, Bureau of Land Management
Non-native species reduce biodiversity, jeopardize endangered plants and animals and degrade habitats. Some species, such as giant reed, can completely dominate vast areas of land, excluding virtually all vegetation and dramatically altering water and fire cycles. Non-natives are also known to hybridize with native species, altering native genetic diversity and integrity.
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks have a well-researched non-native plant management plan in place. Early efforts have already eradicated at least one highly invasive non-native plant species (yellow star thistle), and have identified several other infestations that are yet in their very early stages. The year 2002 marked a major increase in eradication efforts, with numerous non-native plants removed from the parks by the end of the year. These efforts continue and we look forward to healthy, less-impacted ecosystems in the years ahead.
What is a non-native?
Non-native plant species are those that occur outside their native ranges in a given place as a result of actions by humans. The term non-native can be used interchangeably with the terms alien, exotic, introduced, and non-indigenous (on this web site the term weed refers to non-native plants as well). Therefore, non-native plants can be thought of as those that accompany non-native peoples to a new land.
Native plant species are those that have not been introduced to a given area through the actions of humans. They are naturally adapted to their given area and they have generally existed there for much longer than have humans. The term native is often used interchangeably with indigenous. While some native species grow aggressively and can appear to invade natural areas, they are all in fact naturally adapted, and are valuable members of the ecosystem.
For conservation purposes, a non-native plant species cannot ever become native, even if it persists in an area for hundreds of years. By definition, a non-native plant did not arrive at its new location by natural means, and therefore it can never be considered a native species.
Most of the plant species that humans grow are not native to the areas in which they are grown;such plants include food crops, ornamental plants, roadside weeds, and garden plants. Most of these plant species do not reproduce without the aid of humans. Those that do reproduce and spread on their own are known as naturalized non-native plant species.
Innocuous Non-native Plants
While nearly one in eight plant species in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks are non-native, a great number of them are considered innocuous. Innocuous non-native plants do not appear to threaten native species or ecosystems. For example, swine cress (Coronopus didymus) is a small, non-native, annual mustard that is known only from two locations in the parks, both of which are horse corrals. Swine cress is not known to be a problem species elsewhere and it is not considered to be a threat to Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
Invasive non-native plants are those that spread, often very quickly, from their original point of introduction into surrounding natural ecosystems. The term invasive non-natives can be used interchangeably with wildland weeds, noxious weeds, or pest plants.
There are numerous non-native plant species in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks that are known to be highly invasive and are actively threatening park resources. These invasive species spread aggressively into pristine areas and displace or disrupt the natural plant communities. Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor) takes over moist areas such as stream banks and excludes vast numbers of understory plants. There are several well-entrenched populations of Himalayan blackberry in Sequoia National Park. We are actively controlling many of these species.
Why are we concerned?
Invasive non-native plants can cause enormous changes in park ecosystems by out-competing native plants, polluting the gene pool of native plants through hybridization, and dramatically altering fire, water, and nutrient cycles. Additionally, non-native plants are known to transmit non-native diseases to native plants;non-native diseases can be much more devastating than native diseases because native resistance to these diseases is often very low.
Recent estimates indicate that non-native plants are infesting 4,600 new acres of federal land each day. Out of the nearly 1,500 plant species in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, 183 are non-native, and new arrivals are discovered each year. While many of these plants are highly invasive, many of them also appear to be fairly innocuous. Even these innocuous species are a source of concern, however, as it is possible for a non-native plant species to reproduce slowly for decades and suddenly become highly invasive.
Giant reed is a prime example of how troublesome a non-native plant can be. It aggressively invades wet areas such as stream banks. It forms large continuous colonies, sometimes covering several acres and its root masses can become more than a meter (3 feet) thick. Giant reed sucks up enormous quantities of water and alters the very structure of stream banks. It is well adapted to fire and in fact appears to increase fire frequency in these delicate riparian habitats. Giant reed also contains many noxious chemicals such as cardiac glycosides and assorted alkaloids. Giant reed is restricted to a few small populations in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. The NPS is very concerned about this species and is taking steps to control it.
See our most invasive plants page for information about twelve of the most troublesome plants in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
What is being done?
Prior to 2001, non-native plant management in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks was conducted on an ad hoc basis by park staff and volunteers. In 2001, funds to begin a restoration and non-native plant management program became available.
Also in 2001, the Biological Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey published a report detailing the invasive potential and management priority for each non-native plant species in the parks. The park cannot feasibly manage all its invasive plants, so the most threatening and/or easy to control species must be prioritized. This report gave the parks the information necessary to begin management.
Non-native plants are continuously introduced and spread around in the parks. Preventing this movement of non-native plants is the first line of defense in protecting ecosystems from degradation. It is also the most economical and efficient means of management.
Seeds of non-native plants travel wherever soil is moved--in the treads of car tires, bicycle tires, and shoes. Soil, sand, or gravel imported for construction or other management reasons can also contain non-native plant seeds. Many non-natives have hook-like seed coats and arrive in the park stuck to the fur of pets, wildlife, and pack stock or on people's clothing, shoelaces, and camping gear. Seeds can blow in from the gardens of neighboring private landowners or can wash downstream in rivers. Hay used to feed horses or straw used in revegetation projects can contain non-native plant seeds from the field in which the hay was grown.
The park is beginning to implement measures to prevent the introduction and spread of non-native plants. To successfully do this, many constituencies will need to become active and informed, including NPS staff, the visiting public, concessioners, permittees, contractors, and partners.
Early detection of invasions is essential to effective, low-cost control. Detection of new invasions in the parks is conducted by surveying recent disturbances for invasive weeds. These early detection surveys may be species based, such as surveying the recently disturbed Generals Highway corridor for the highly invasive yellow star thistle, or location based, such as surveying recent, high intensity fires in natural areas for weeds. A database of non-native plant observations has been developed and is continually updated with input from park staff, concessioners, and visitors. Observation forms are available at visitor centers for recording weed sightings.
The species chosen for control are those that have the highest impact on the ecosystem and can be controlled with the least effort. (For more information about selection criteria, see a report of Exotic Species Threat Assessment in Sequoia, Kings Canyon and Yosemite National Parks). For more information on some of our top invaders, see our most invasive plants page. Certain plant communities are prioritized over others. Native, pristine communities have the highest priority for management, while altered but relatively naturally functioning communities such as foothills grasslands have lower priority. Sometimes the goal is eradication (complete removal of the species from the park), while other times the goal is containment (containing an infestation within its current boundaries and preventing further spread). Knowledge of a species' aerial extent is necessary for effective control and monitoring. Therefore, mapping of non-native species is carried out prior to and during control.
Most eradication efforts are done by hand or with tools such as weed wrenches and shovels. Herbicides are used only when other alternatives have been considered and eliminated, and when managers are confident that the proposed herbicide will do more ecological good than harm and will not endanger the health of the applicators or others in the area. Treatments are highly targeted, minimizing the drift of herbicides to non-target plants, and the principles of integrated pest management are followed.
For prevention or management efforts to be successful, the public must: (1) understand the threats posed by invasive plants, (2) change behavior that results in the spread of invasive plants, and (3) provide support for management efforts.
A newsletter, invasive plant observation cards, and this web site have been developed to provide outreach materials to the public. Park staff is being trained to identify priority invasive plants and to inform the public about invasive plant issues.
We are working with local communities, especially private landowners within the larger boundary of the park, to encourage the use of native plants to replace invasive landscaping. A plant exchange project is currently underway, in which the park provides showy native plants of local genetic stock in exchange for the residents' removal of their invasive plants.
The park has developed a policy to prevent the introduction and spread of non-native plants and is beginning to implement these Best Management Practices. To successfully do this, many constituencies are becoming active and informed, including NPS staff, the visiting public, concessioners, permittees, contractors, and partners.
Non-native plants are transported to new lands by humans. Therefore the most important way to combat the problem of non-native plants is to be sure you are not dispersing them. Many of these plants produce seeds that cling with amazing tenacity to shoes, clothes, car tires, pets etc.
Learn the most invasive plants in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Call us with your observation or ask for an Exotic Plant Observation Card at any of our visitor centers. Remember, never pick or pull any plants in the park; contact us and we will handle the control efforts (this is true for plants on all public lands).
Vehicles often disperse non-native plants. Therefore it is important to wash vehicles, tires, and vehicle undercarriages before entering the Park.
If you use pack animals, we recommend bringing only certified weed-free feed into the parks. Please maintain this diet for your animals four days prior to entering the parks as well. Thoroughly brush all pack animals and clean their hooves and gear before transporting them to the parks.
If you're backpacking into the wilderness, be extra vigilant about cleaning your boots and gear at home or at the trailhead before you begin hiking.
Do not camp in or hike through weed-infested areas. Please be sure to stay on designated trails and roads. Clean your gear, clothes, vehicles and tires between outings and camping trips. Please ensure that all seeds are safely disposed of in the trash.
Non-native plants can disperse widely and quickly. Therefore even if you do not live in a natural area, it is important not to cultivate invasive non-native plants around your home. Also, do not pick flowers or plants in natural areas. Many wildflowers are actually invasive weeds, and a handpicked bouquet may transport seeds to a new area.
For identification and information on non-native plants in your area, contact your local county/university extension office, nature centers or garden clubs. Nature centers and land trusts often organize weed-eradication projects, and these are excellent opportunities to learn about the biology and eradication of non-native plants.
Spread the word about non-native plant invasions. Prevention is our most powerful tool, and by following a few simple conventions we can ensure the preservation and health of our natural lands.
Reports and Species Lists
Exotic Species Threat Assessment and Management Prioritization for Sequoia-Kings Canyon and Yosemite National Parks
An extensive report by the U.S. Geological Survey published April 2001.
Exotic species threat assessment in Sequoia, Kings Canyon and Yosemite National Parks
This research paper was presented at the 2001 George Wright Society Biennial Conference.
NPS Strategic Plan for Managing Invasive Non-native Plants on National Park System Lands
Non-native Plant Species of SEKI (XLS format)
This Excel spreadsheet lists all non-native plant species currently or previously found in the parks. For each species it includes common name, scientific name, and family.
Non-native Plant Species of SEKI EXPANDED (XLS format)
This Excel spreadsheet lists all non-native plant species currently or previously found in the parks. For each species it includes common name, scientific name, and family. It also includes Park and international taxon codes, data on life forms, and categorization codes demonstrating invasive potential (these last were developed by the Biological Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, and the California Exotic Pest Plant Council).
List of SEKI Non-native Plant Species organized by family
List of SEKI Non-native Plant Species organized by type and common name
List of SEKI Non-native Plant Species organized by management category
California Department of Food and Agriculture's Noxious Weed Information Project
California Invasive Plant Council
Sierra Nevada Network Inventory and Monitoring Program
California Native Plant Society
Society for Ecological Restoration's Reed Canary Grass Working Group
The Nature Conservancy'sWildland Invasive Species Team
USGS/NPS Vegetation Mapping Program
47050 Generals Highway
Three Rivers, CA 93271


Novo Spa | 'Tis the season to be pampered!
The time has come when we start to plan for the infamous Christmas parties and festivities that December brings.
Unfortunately miracles don't happen overnight and with the skin's renewal process being a 28 day cycle, now is when we need to start working our magic to make sure we look and feel amazing for the big night out.
Novo Spa offers a range of treatments to leave you feeling party ready and, between treatments, we offer a selection of products that can help you look after yourself at home too.
We offer a number of facials dependant on your skin type, all treatments are results driven and give varying results on what concern needs to be targeted. Every facial includes a thorough skin consultation/analysis and a treatment plan.
**All facials will leave you ready to make an appearance ANY AND EVERYWHERE so slide into the holidays confidently and beautifully!
Charlotte's ultimate facial combo is Microdermabrasion with Guinot's Hydradermie Deluxe Treatment. Skin resurfacing and micro currents combined in one treatment for a complete facial rejuvenation package that not only brightens, hydrates and purifies but also gives an instant firming effect!
When you feel good, you look good. Which is why having glowing and radiant skin is a must for any big occasion. With the festive season comes late nights and overindulgence. This makes it a little tricky to keep your skin in tip-top condition for all the parties you'll have to attend. However, good habits and a few amazing products don't make it impossible.
We promise your home care routine will extend the life of your professional facial, allowing you to reach your skin care goals.
We know when it comes to mastering the ideal skincare routine; it can take time, a lot of effort and also the know-how. Book your free skin consultation with one of our skin care experts who can recommend a home maintenance programme developed specifically for your needs to ensure long-term results!
** Pro Tip: Charlotte's ultimate skincare tip for prepping for the festive season is nightly brightening face masks. "They add such a beautiful glow to your skin". Try Guinot's Instant Brightening Masks they come in a handy pack of 7 for an intensive treatment. Formulated with stabilized Vitamin C, it restores luminosity and guarantees an instant brightening effect!
Our Organic Exfoliation Sugar Glow Treatments are just the thing to renew dry, dehydrated and irritated skin. Choose from one of two scrubs, and relax while every last inch of your body is exfoliated. Aged skin cells are sloughed away as the skin is cleansed, exfoliated and stimulated. The application of either cranberry, pomegranate or blueberry soufflé moisturizing lotion seals in moisture and hydrates the skin! The end result is refreshed skin that will be soft, smooth and feeling like silk from tip-to-toe!
Body scrubs and exfoliators slough away dull, dry skin to reveal softer, smoother skin. Guinot's Gommage Facile Foaming Body Scrub eliminates dry dead skin cells whilst cleansing the skin creating a healthy glow. Do this once to twice a week to tackle dry skin. Follow with Guinot's Hydrazone Moisturizing Body Lotion to leave your skin feeling irresistibly smooth.
**Pro Tip: Get a glow the safe and easy way! Golden skin is in no matter the time of year, but as a professional skin care therapist Charlotte advises against the use of tanning beds, instead our Scrub and Tan Treatment uses St Tropez products to ensure a natural-looking, sun-kissed glow perfect to pair with a Christmas party dress! With a wide range of after-care products we can ensure your tan lasts you from Christmas right through to New Years!
Your hands and feet deserve some TLC too after all the hard work you have put them through this year. Our infamous pedicures are the ultimate pampering treat for your feet not only does it include all the essentials but also a specialty foot and lower leg massage and exfoliation, chocolate mud mask with warm towels all whilst relaxing in the comfort of a massage chair!
Eminence's Vanilla Mint Hand Cream is used by our therapists and is great for hard-working hands to leave them feeling nurtured and hydrated throughout the day. When it comes to your feet, apply Footlogix's Very Dry Skin Formula Mousse before bed. Putting socks on not only keeps your feet warm, but you will awake to silky soft feet too!