text:
The Mistake of Creation
"Whoa!" Smoke yelled at the dogs, throwing his weight back on the gee-pole to bring the sled to a halt.
"What's eatin' you now?" Shorty complained. "They ain't no water under that footing."
"No; but look at that trail cutting out to the right," Smoke answered. "I thought nobody was wintering in this section."
The dogs, on the moment they stopped, dropped in the snow and began biting out the particles of ice from between their toes. This ice had been water five minutes before. The animals had broken through a skein of ice, snow-powdered, which had hidden the spring water that oozed out of the bank and pooled on top of the three-foot winter crust of Nordbeska River.
"First I heard of anybody up the Nordbeska," Shorty said, staring at the all but obliterated track covered by two feet of snow, that left the bed of the river at right angles and entered the mouth of a small stream flowing from the left. "Mebbe they're hunters and pulled their freight long ago."
Smoke, scooping the light snow away with mittened hands, paused to consider, scooped again, and again paused. "No," he decided. "There's been travel both ways, but the last travel was up that creek. Whoever they are, they're there now--certain. There's been no travel for weeks. Now what's been keeping them there all the time? That's what I want to know."
"And what I want to know is where we're going to camp to-night," Shorty said, staring disconsolately at the sky-line in the southwest, where the mid-afternoon twilight was darkening into night.
"Let's follow the track up the creek," was Smoke's suggestion. "There's plenty of dead timber. We can camp any time."
"Sure we can camp any time, but we got to travel most of the time if we ain't goin' to starve, an' we got to travel in the right direction."
"We're going to find something up that creek," Smoke went on.
"But look at the grub! Look at them dogs!" Shorty cried. "Look at--oh, hell, all right. You will have your will."
"It won't make the trip a day longer," Smoke urged. "Possibly no more than a mile longer."
"Men has died for as little as a mile," Shorty retorted, shaking his head with lugubrious resignation. "Come on for trouble. Get up, you poor sore-foots, you--get up! Haw! You Bright! Haw!"
The lead-dog obeyed, and the whole team strained weakly into the soft snow.
"Whoa!" Shorty yelled. "It's pack trail."
Smoke pulled his snow-shoes from under the sled-lashings, bound them to his moccasined feet, and went to the fore to press and pack the light surface for the dogs.
It was heavy work. Dogs and men had been for days on short rations, and few and limited were the reserves of energy they could call upon. Though they followed the creek bed, so pronounced was its fall that they toiled on a stiff and unrelenting up-grade. The high rocky walls quickly drew near together, so that their way led up the bottom of a narrow gorge. The long lingering twilight, blocked by the high mountains, was no more than semi-darkness.
"It's a trap," Shorty said. "The whole look of it is rotten. It's a hole in the ground. It's the stampin'-ground of trouble."
Smoke made no reply, and for half an hour they toiled on in silence--a silence that was again broken by Shorty.
"She's a-workin'," he grumbled. "She's sure a-workin', an' I'll tell you if you're minded to hear an' listen."
"Go on," Smoke answered.
"Well, she tells me, plain an' simple, that we ain't never goin' to get out of this hole in the ground in days an' days. We're goin' to find trouble an' be stuck in here a long time an' then some."
"Does she say anything about grub?" Smoke queried unsympathetically. "For we haven't grub for days and days and days and then some."
"Nope. Nary whisper about grub. I guess we'll manage to make out. But I tell you one thing, Smoke, straight an' flat. I'll eat any dog in the team exceptin' Bright. I got to draw the line on Bright. I just couldn't scoff him."
"Cheer up," Smoke girded. "My hunch is working overtime. She tells me there'll be no dogs eaten, and, whether it's moose or caribou or quail on toast, we'll all fatten up."
Shorty snorted his unutterable disgust, and silence obtained for another quarter of an hour.
"There's the beginning of your trouble," Smoke said, halting on his snow-shoes and staring at an object that lay on one side of the old trail.
Shorty left the gee-pole and joined him, and together they gazed down on the body of a man beside the trail.
"Well fed," said Smoke.
"Look at them lips," said Shorty.
"Stiff as a poker," said Smoke, lifting an arm, that, without moving, moved the whole body.
"Pick 'm up an' drop 'm and he'd break to pieces," was Shorty's comment.
The man lay on his side, solidly frozen. From the fact that no snow powdered him, it was patent that he had lain there but a short time.
"There was a general fall of snow three days back," said Shorty.
Smoke nodded, bending over the corpse, twisting it half up to face them, and pointing to a bullet wound in the temple. He glanced to the side and tilted his head at a revolver that lay on top of the snow.
A hundred yards farther on they came upon a second body that lay face downward in the trail. "Two things are pretty clear," Smoke said. "They're fat. That means no famine. They've not struck it rich, else they wouldn't have committed suicide."
"If they did," Shorty objected.
"They certainly did. There are no tracks besides their own, and each is powder-burned." Smoke dragged the corpse to one side and with the toe of his moccasin nosed a revolver out of the snow into which it had been pressed by the body. "That's what did the work. I told you we'd find something."
"From the looks of it we ain't started yet. Now what'd two fat geezers want to kill theirselves for?"
"When we find that out we'll have found the rest of your trouble," Smoke answered. "Come on. It's blowing dark."
Quite dark it was when Smoke's snow-shoe tripped him over a body. He fell across a sled, on which lay another body. And when he had dug the snow out of his neck and struck a match, he and Shorty glimpsed a third body, wrapped in blankets, lying beside a partially dug grave. Also, ere the match flickered out, they caught sight of half a dozen additional graves.
"B-r-r-r," Shorty shivered. "Suicide Camp. All fed up. I reckon they're all dead."
"No--peep at that." Smoke was looking farther along at a dim glimmer of light. "And there's another light--and a third one there. Come on. Let's hike."
No more corpses delayed them, and in several minutes, over a hard-packed trail, they were in the camp.
"It's a city," Shorty whispered. "There must be twenty cabins. An' not a dog. Ain't that funny!"
"And that explains it," Smoke whispered back excitedly. "It's the Laura Sibley outfit. Don't you remember? Came up the Yukon last fall on the Port Townsend Number Six. Went right by Dawson without stopping. The steamer must have landed them at the mouth of the creek."
"Sure. I remember. They was Mormons."
"No--vegetarians." Smoke grinned in the darkness. "They won't eat meat and they won't work dogs."
"It's all the same. I knowed they was something funny about 'em. Had the allwise steer to the yellow. That Laura Sibley was goin' to take 'em right to the spot where they'd all be millionaires."
"Yes; she was their seeress--had visions and that sort of stuff. I thought they went up the Nordensjold."
"Huh! Listen to that!"
Shorty's hand in the darkness went out warningly to Smoke's chest, and together they listened to a groan, deep and long drawn, that came from one of the cabins. Ere it could die away it was taken up by another cabin, and another--a vast suspiration of human misery. The effect was monstrous and nightmarish.
"B-r-r-r," Shorty shivered. "It's gettin' me goin'. Let's break in an' find what's eatin' 'em."
Smoke knocked at a lighted cabin, and was followed in by Shorty in answer to the "Come in" of the voice they heard groaning. It was a simple log cabin, the walls moss-chinked, the earth floor covered with sawdust and shavings. The light was a kerosene-lamp, and they could make out four bunks, three of which were occupied by men who ceased from groaning in order to stare.
"What's the matter?" Smoke demanded of one whose blankets could not hide his broad shoulders and massively muscled body, whose eyes were pain-racked and whose cheeks were hollow. "Smallpox? What is it?"
In reply, the man pointed at his mouth, spreading black and swollen lips in the effort; and Smoke recoiled at the sight.
"Scurvy," he muttered to Shorty; and the man confirmed the diagnosis with a nod of the head.
"Plenty of grub?" Shorty asked.
"Yep," was the answer from a man in another bunk. "Help yourself. There's slathers of it. The cabin next on the other side is empty. Cache is right alongside. Wade into it."
In every cabin they visited that night they found a similar situation. Scurvy had smitten the whole camp. A dozen women were in the party, though the two men did not see all of them. Originally there had been ninety-three men and women. But ten had died, and two had recently disappeared. Smoke told of finding the two, and expressed surprise that none had gone that short distance down the trail to find out for themselves. What particularly struck him and Shorty was the helplessness of these people. Their cabins were littered and dirty. The dishes stood unwashed on the rough plank tables. There was no mutual aid. A cabin's troubles were its own troubles, and already they had ceased from the exertion of burying their dead.
"It's almost weird," Smoke confided to Shorty. "I've met shirkers and loafers, but I never met so many all at one time. You heard what they said. They've never done a tap. I'll bet they haven't washed their own faces. No wonder they got scurvy."
"But vegetarians hadn't ought to get scurvy," Shorty contended. "It's the salt-meat-eaters that's supposed to fall for it. And they don't eat meat, salt or fresh, raw or cooked, or any other way."
Smoke shook his head. "I know. And it's vegetable diet that cures scurvy. No drugs will do it. Vegetables, especially potatoes, are the only dope. But don't forget one thing, Shorty: we are not up against a theory but a condition. The fact is these grass-eaters have all got scurvy."
"Must be contagious."
"No; that the doctors do know. Scurvy is not a germ disease. It can't be caught. It's generated. As near as I can get it, it's due to an impoverished condition of the blood. Its cause is not something they've got, but something they haven't got. A man gets scurvy for lack of certain chemicals in his blood, and those chemicals don't come out of powders and bottles, but do come out of vegetables."
"An' these people eats nothin' but grass," Shorty groaned. "And they've got it up to their ears. That proves you're all wrong, Smoke. You're spielin' a theory, but this condition sure knocks the spots outa your theory. Scurvy's catchin', an' that's why they've all got it, an' rotten bad at that. You an' me'll get it too, if we hang around this diggin'. B-r-r-r!--I can feel the bugs crawlin' into my system right now."
Smoke laughed skeptically, and knocked on a cabin door. "I suppose we'll find the same old thing," he said. "Come on. We've got to get a line on the situation."
"What do you want?" came a woman's sharp voice.
"We want to see you," Smoke answered.
"Who are you?"
"Two doctors from Dawson," Shorty blurted in, with a levity that brought a punch in the short ribs from Smoke's elbow.
"Don't want to see any doctors," the woman said, in tones crisp and staccato with pain and irritation. "Go away. Good night. We don't believe in doctors."
Smoke pulled the latch, shoved the door open, and entered, turning up the low-flamed kerosene-lamp so that he could see. In four bunks four women ceased from groaning and sighing to stare at the intruders. Two were young, thin-faced creatures, the third was an elderly and very stout woman, and the fourth, the one whom Smoke identified by her voice, was the thinnest, frailest specimen of the human race he had ever seen. As he quickly learned, she was Laura Sibley, the seeress and professional clairvoyant who had organized the expedition in Los Angeles and led it to this death-camp on the Nordbeska. The conversation that ensued was acrimonious. Laura Sibley did not believe in doctors. Also, to add to her purgatory, she had wellnigh ceased to believe in herself.
"Why didn't you send out for help?" Smoke asked, when she paused, breathless and exhausted, from her initial tirade. "There's a camp at Stewart River, and eighteen days' travel would fetch Dawson from here."
"Why didn't Amos Wentworth go?" she demanded, with a wrath that bordered on hysteria.
"Don't know the gentleman," Smoke countered. "What's he been doing?"
"Nothing. Except that he's the only one that hasn't caught the scurvy. And why hasn't he caught the scurvy? I'll tell you. No, I won't." The thin lips compressed so tightly that through the emaciated transparency of them Smoke was almost convinced he could see the teeth and the roots of the teeth. "And what would have been the use? Don't I know? I'm not a fool. Our caches are filled with every kind of fruit juice and preserved vegetables. We are better situated than any other camp in Alaska to fight scurvy. There is no prepared vegetable, fruit, and nut food we haven't, and in plenty."
"She's got you there, Smoke," Shorty exulted. "And it's a condition, not a theory. You say vegetables cures. Here's the vegetables, and where's the cure?"
"There's no explanation I can see," Smoke acknowledged. "Yet there is no camp in Alaska like this. I've seen scurvy--a sprinkling of cases here and there; but I never saw a whole camp with it, nor did I ever see such terrible cases. Which is neither here nor there, Shorty. We've got to do what we can for these people, but first we've got to make camp and take care of the dogs. We'll see you in the morning, er--Mrs. Sibley."
"MISS Sibley," she bridled. "And now, young man, if you come fooling around this cabin with any doctor stuff I'll fill you full of birdshot."
"This divine seeress is a sweet one," Smoke chuckled, as he and Shorty felt their way back through the darkness to the empty cabin next to the one they had first entered.
It was evident that two men had lived until recently in the cabin, and the partners wondered if they weren't the two suicides down the trail. Together they overhauled the cache and found it filled with an undreamed-of variety of canned, powdered, dried, evaporated, condensed, and desiccated foods.
"What in the name of reason do they want to go and get scurvy for?" Shorty demanded, brandishing to the light packages of egg-powder and Italian mushrooms. "And look at that! And that!" He tossed out cans of tomatoes and corn and bottles of stuffed olives. "And the divine steeress got the scurvy, too. What d'ye make of it?"
"Seeress," Smoke corrected.
"Steeress," Shorty reiterated. "Didn't she steer 'em here to this hole in the ground?"
Next morning, after daylight, Smoke encountered a man carrying a heavy sled-load of firewood. He was a little man, clean-looking and spry, who walked briskly despite the load. Smoke experienced an immediate dislike.
"What's the matter with you?" he asked.
"Nothing," the little man answered.
"I know that," Smoke said. "That's why I asked you. You're Amos Wentworth. Now why under the sun haven't you the scurvy like all the rest?"
"Because I've exercised," came the quick reply. "There wasn't any need for any of them to get it if they'd only got out and done something. What did they do? Growled and kicked and grouched at the cold, the long nights, the hardships, the aches and pains and everything else. They loafed in their beds until they swelled up and couldn't leave them, that's all. Look at me. I've worked. Come into my cabin."
Smoke followed him in.
"Squint around. Clean as a whistle, eh? You bet. Everything shipshape. I wouldn't keep those chips and shavings on the floor except for the warmth, but they're clean chips and shavings. You ought to see the floor in some of the shacks. Pig-pens. As for me, I haven't eaten a meal off an unwashed dish. No, sir. It meant work, and I've worked, and I haven't the scurvy. You can put that in your pipe and smoke it."
"You've hit the nail on the head," Smoke admitted. "But I see you've only one bunk. Why so unsociable?"
"Because I like to be. It's easier to clean up for one than two, that's why. The lazy blanket-loafers! Do you think that I could have stood one around? No wonder they got scurvy."
It was very convincing, but Smoke could not rid himself of his dislike of the man.
"What's Laura Sibley got it in for you for?" he asked abruptly.
Amos Wentworth shot a quick look at him. "She's a crank," was the reply. "So are we all cranks, for that matter. But Heaven save me from the crank that won't wash the dishes that he eats off of, and that's what this crowd of cranks are like."
A few minutes later, Smoke was talking with Laura Sibley. Supported by a stick in either hand, she had paused in hobbling by his cabin.
"What have you got it in for Wentworth for?" he asked, apropos of nothing in the conversation and with a suddenness that caught her off her guard.
Her green eyes flashed bitterly, her emaciated face for the second was convulsed with rage, and her sore lips writhed on the verge of unconsidered speech. But only a splutter of gasping, unintelligible sounds issued forth, and then, by a terrible effort, she controlled herself.
"Because he's healthy," she panted. "Because he hasn't the scurvy. Because he is supremely selfish. Because he won't lift a hand to help anybody else. Because he'd let us rot and die, as he is letting us rot and die, without lifting a finger to fetch us a pail of water or a load of firewood. That's the kind of a brute he is. But let him beware! That's all. Let him beware!"
Still panting and gasping, she hobbled on her way, and five minutes afterward, coming out of the cabin to feed the dogs, Smoke saw her entering Amos Wentworth's cabin.
"Something rotten here, Shorty, something rotten," he said, shaking his head ominously, as his partner came to the door to empty a pan of dish-water.
"Sure," was the cheerful rejoinder. "An' you an' me'll be catchin' it yet. You'll see."
"I don't mean the scurvy."
"Oh, sure, if you mean the divine steeress. She'd rob a corpse. She's the hungriest-lookin' female I ever seen."
"Exercise has kept you and me in condition, Shorty. It's kept Wentworth in condition. You see what lack of exercise has done for the rest. Now it's up to us to prescribe exercise for these hospital wrecks. It will be your job to see that they get it. I appoint you chief nurse."
"What? Me?" Shorty shouted. "I resign."
"No, you don't. I'll be able assistant, because it isn't going to be any soft snap. We've got to make them hustle. First thing, they'll have to bury their dead. The strongest for the burial squad; then the next strongest on the firewood squad (they've been lying in their blankets to save wood); and so on down the line. And spruce-tea. Mustn't forget that. All the sour-doughs swear by it. These people have never even heard of it."
"We sure got ourn cut out for us," Shorty grinned. "First thing we know we'll be full of lead."
"And that's our first job," Smoke said. "Come on."
In the next hour, each of the twenty-odd cabins was raided. All ammunition and every rifle, shotgun, and revolver was confiscated.
"Come on, you invalids," was Shorty's method. "Shootin'-irons--fork 'em over. We need 'em."
"Who says so?" was the query at the first cabin.
"Two doctors from Dawson," was Shorty's answer. "An' what they say goes. Come on. Shell out the ammunition, too."
"What do you want them for?"
"To stand off a war-party of canned beef comin' down the canyon. And I'm givin' you fair warnin' of a spruce-tea invasion. Come across."
And this was only the beginning of the day. Men were persuaded, coaxed, bullied or dragged by main strength from their bunks and forced to dress. Smoke selected the mildest cases for the burial squad. Another squad was told off to supply the wood by which the graves were burned down into the frozen muck and gravel. Still another squad had to chop firewood and impartially supply every cabin. Those who were too weak for outdoor work were put to cleaning and scrubbing the cabins and washing clothes. One squad brought in many loads of spruce-boughs, and every stove was used for the brewing of spruce-tea.
But no matter what face Smoke and Shorty put on it, the situation was grim and serious. At least thirty fearful and impossible cases could not be taken from the beds, as the two men, with nausea and horror, learned; while one, a woman, died in Laura Sibley's cabin. Yet strong measures were necessary.
"I don't like to wallop a sick man," Shorty explained, his fist doubled menacingly. "But I'd wallop his block off if it'd make him well. And what all you lazy bums needs is a wallopin'. Come on! Out of that an' into them duds of yourn, double quick, or I'll sure muss up the front of your face."
All the gangs groaned, and sighed, and wept, the tears streaming and freezing down their cheeks as they toiled; and it was patent that their agony was real. The situation was desperate, and Smoke's prescription was heroic.
When the work-gangs came in at noon, they found decently cooked dinners awaiting them, prepared by the weaker members of their cabins under the tutelage and drive of Smoke and Shorty.
"That'll do," Smoke said at three in the afternoon. "Knock off. Go to your bunks. You may be feeling rotten now, but you'll be the better for it to-morrow. Of course it hurts to get well, but I'm going to get you well."
"Too late," Amos Wentworth sneered pallidly at Smoke's efforts. "They ought to have started in that way last fall."
"Come along with me," Smoke answered. "Pick up those two pails. You're not ailing."
From cabin to cabin the three men went, dosing every man and woman with a full pint of spruce-tea. Nor was it easy.
"You might as well learn at the start that we mean business," Smoke stated to the first obdurate, who lay on his back, groaning through set teeth. "Stand by, Shorty." Smoke caught the patient by the nose and tapped the solar-plexus section so as to make the mouth gasp open. "Now, Shorty! Down she goes!"
And down it went, accompanied with unavoidable splutterings and stranglings.
"Next time you'll take it easier," Smoke assured the victim, reaching for the nose of the man in the adjoining bunk.
"I'd sooner take castor oil," was Shorty's private confidence, ere he downed his own portion. "Great jumpin' Methuselem!" was his entirely public proclamation the moment after he had swallowed the bitter dose. "It's a pint long, but hogshead strong."
"We're covering this spruce-tea route four times a day, and there are eighty of you to be dosed each time," Smoke informed Laura Sibley. "So we've no time to fool. Will you take it or must I hold your nose?" His thumb and forefinger hovered eloquently above her. "It's vegetable, so you needn't have any qualms."
"Qualms!" Shorty snorted. "No, sure, certainly not. It's the deliciousest dope!"
Laura Sibley hesitated. She gulped her apprehension.
"Well?" Smoke demanded peremptorily.
"I'll--I'll take it," she quavered. "Hurry up!"
That night, exhausted as by no hard day of trail, Smoke and Shorty crawled into their blankets.
"I'm fairly sick with it," Smoke confessed. "The way they suffer is awful. But exercise is the only remedy I can think of, and it must be given a thorough trial. I wish we had a sack of raw potatoes."
"Sparkins he can't wash no more dishes," Shorty said. "It hurts him so he sweats his pain. I seen him sweat it. I had to put him back in the bunk, he was that helpless."
"If only we had raw potatoes," Smoke went on. "The vital, essential something is missing from that prepared stuff. The life has been evaporated out of it."
"An' if that young fellow Jones in the Brownlow cabin don't croak before morning I miss my guess."
"For Heaven's sake be cheerful," Smoke chided.
"We got to bury him, ain't we?" came the indignant snort. "I tell you that boy's something awful--"
"Shut up," Smoke said.
And after several more indignant snorts, the heavy breathing of sleep arose from Shorty's bunk.
In the morning, not only was Jones dead, but one of the stronger men who had worked on the firewood squad was found to have hanged himself. A nightmare procession of days set in. For a week, steeling himself to the task, Smoke enforced the exercise and the spruce-tea. And one by one, and in twos and threes, he was compelled to knock off the workers. As he was learning, exercise was the last thing in the world for scurvy patients. The diminishing burial squad was kept steadily at work, and a surplus half-dozen graves were always burned down and waiting.
"You couldn't have selected a worse place for a camp," Smoke told Laura Sibley. "Look at it--at the bottom of a narrow gorge, running east and west. The noon sun doesn't rise above the top of the wall. You can't have had sunlight for several months."
"But how was I to know?"
He shrugged his shoulders. "I don't see why not, if you could lead a hundred fools to a gold-mine."
She glared malevolently at him and hobbled on. Several minutes afterward, coming back from a trip to where a squad of groaning patients was gathering spruce-boughs, Smoke saw the seeress entering Amos Wentworth's cabin and followed after her. At the door he could hear her voice, whimpering and pleading.
"Just for me," she was begging, as Smoke entered. "I won't tell a soul."
Both glanced guiltily at the intruder, and Smoke was certain that he was on the edge of something, he knew not what, and he cursed himself for not having eavesdropped.
"Out with it," he commanded harshly. "What is it?"
"What is what?" Amos Wentworth asked sullenly. And Smoke could not name what was what.
Grimmer and grimmer grew the situation. In that dark hole of a canyon, where sunlight never penetrated, the horrible death list mounted up. Each day, in apprehension, Smoke and Shorty examined each other's mouths for the whitening of the gums and mucous membranes--the invariable first symptom of the disease.
"I've quit," Shorty announced one evening. "I've been thinkin' it over, an' I quit. I can make a go at slave-drivin', but cripple-drivin's too much for my stomach. They go from bad to worse. They ain't twenty men I can drive to work. I told Jackson this afternoon he could take to his bunk. He was gettin' ready to suicide. I could see it stickin' out all over him. Exercise ain't no good."
"I've made up my mind to the same thing," Smoke answered. "We'll knock off all but about a dozen. They'll have to lend a hand. We can relay them. And we'll keep up the spruce-tea."
"It ain't no good."
"I'm about ready to agree with that, too, but at any rate it doesn't hurt them."
"Another suicide," was Shorty's news the following morning. "That Phillips is the one. I seen it comin' for days."
"We're up against the real thing," Smoke groaned. "What would you suggest, Shorty?"
"Who? Me? I ain't got no suggestions. The thing's got to run its course."
"But that means they'll all die," Smoke protested.
"Except Wentworth," Shorty snarled; for he had quickly come to share his partner's dislike for that individual.
The everlasting miracle of Wentworth's immunity perplexed Smoke. Why should he alone not have developed scurvy? Why did Laura Sibley hate him, and at the same time whine and snivel and beg from him? What was it she begged from him and that he would not give?
On several occasions Smoke made it a point to drop into Wentworth's cabin at meal-time. But one thing did he note that was suspicious, and that was Wentworth's suspicion of him. Next he tried sounding out Laura Sibley.
"Raw potatoes would cure everybody here," he remarked to the seeress. "I know it. I've seen it work before."
The flare of conviction in her eyes, followed by bitterness and hatred, told him the scent was warm.
"Why didn't you bring in a supply of fresh potatoes on the steamer?" he asked.
"We did. But coming up the river we sold them all out at a bargain at Fort Yukon. We had plenty of the evaporated kinds, and we knew they'd keep better. They wouldn't even freeze."
Smoke groaned. "And you sold them all?" he asked.
"Yes. How were we to know?"
"Now mightn't there have been a couple of odd sacks left?--accidentally, you know, mislaid on the steamer?"
She shook her head, as he thought, a trifle belatedly, then added, "We never found any."
"But mightn't there?" he persisted.
"How do I know?" she rasped angrily. "I didn't have charge of the commissary."
"And Amos Wentworth did," he jumped to the conclusion. "Very good. Now what is your private opinion--just between us two. Do you think Wentworth has any raw potatoes stored away somewhere?"
"No; certainly not. Why should he?"
"Why shouldn't he?"
She shrugged her shoulders.
Struggle as he would with her, Smoke could not bring her to admit the possibility.
"Wentworth's a swine," was Shorty's verdict, when Smoke told his suspicions.
"And so is Laura Sibley," Smoke added. "She believes he has the potatoes, and is keeping it quiet, and trying to get him to share with her."
"An' he won't come across, eh?" Shorty cursed frail human nature with one of his best flights, and caught his breath. "They both got their feet in the trough. May God rot them dead with scurvy for their reward, that's all I got to say, except I'm goin' right up now an' knock Wentworth's block off."
But Smoke stood out for diplomacy. That night, when the camp groaned and slept, or groaned and did not sleep, he went to Wentworth's unlighted cabin.
"Listen to me, Wentworth," he said. "I've got a thousand dollars in dust right here in this sack. I'm a rich man in this country, and I can afford it. I think I'm getting touched. Put a raw potato in my hand and the dust is yours. Here, heft it."
And Smoke thrilled when Amos Wentworth put out his hand in the darkness and hefted the gold. Smoke heard him fumble in the blankets, and then felt pressed into his hand, not the heavy gold-sack, but the unmistakable potato, the size of a hen's egg, warm from contact with the other's body.
Smoke did not wait till morning. He and Shorty were expecting at any time the deaths of their worst two cases, and to this cabin the partners went. Grated and mashed up in a cup, skin, and clinging specks of the earth, and all, was the thousand-dollar potato--a thick fluid, that they fed, several drops at a time, into the frightful orifices that had once been mouths. Shift by shift, through the long night, Smoke and Shorty relieved each other at administering the potato juice, rubbing it into the poor swollen gums where loose teeth rattled together and compelling the swallowing of every drop of the precious elixir.
By evening of the next day the change for the better in the two patients was miraculous and almost unbelievable. They were no longer the worst cases. In forty-eight hours, with the exhaustion of the potato, they were temporarily out of danger, though far from being cured.
"I'll tell you what I'll do," Smoke said to Wentworth. "I've got holdings in this country, and my paper is good anywhere. I'll give you five hundred dollars a potato up to fifty thousand dollars' worth. That's one hundred potatoes."
"Was that all the dust you had?" Wentworth queried.
"Shorty and I scraped up all we had. But, straight, he and I are worth several millions between us."
"I haven't any potatoes," Wentworth said finally. "Wish I had. That potato I gave you was the only one. I'd been saving it all the winter for fear I'd get the scurvy. I only sold it so as to be able to buy a passage out of the country when the river opens."
Despite the cessation of potato-juice, the two treated cases continued to improve through the third day. The untreated cases went from bad to worse. On the fourth morning, three horrible corpses were buried. Shorty went through the ordeal, then turned to Smoke.
"You've tried your way. Now it's me for mine."
He headed straight for Wentworth's cabin. What occurred there, Shorty never told. He emerged with knuckles skinned and bruised, and not only did Wentworth's face bear all the marks of a bad beating, but for a long time he carried his head, twisted and sidling, on a stiff neck. This phenomenon was accounted for by a row of four finger-marks, black and blue, on one side of the windpipe and by a single black-and-blue mark on the other side.
Next, Smoke and Shorty together invaded Wentworth's cabin, throwing him out in the snow while they turned the interior upside down. Laura Sibley hobbled in and frantically joined them in the search.
"You don't get none, old girl, not if we find a ton," Shorty assured her.
But she was no more disappointed than they. Though the very floor was dug up, they discovered nothing.
"I'm for roastin' him over a slow fire an' make 'm cough up," Shorty proposed earnestly.
Smoke shook his head reluctantly.
"It's murder," Shorty held on. "He's murderin' all them poor geezers just as much as if he knocked their brains out with an ax, only worse."
Another day passed, during which they kept a steady watch on Wentworth's movements. Several times, when he started out, water-bucket in hand, for the creek, they casually approached the cabin, and each time he hurried back without the water.
"They're cached right there in his cabin," Shorty said. "As sure as God made little apples, they are. But where? We sure overhauled it plenty." He stood up and pulled on his mittens. "I'm goin' to find 'em, if I have to pull the blame shack down a log at a time."
He glanced at Smoke, who, with an intent, absent face, had not heard him.
"What's eatin' you?" Shorty demanded wrathfully. "Don't tell me you've gone an' got the scurvy!"
"Just trying to remember something, Shorty."
"I don't know. That's the trouble. But it has a bearing, if only I could remember it."
"Now you look here, Smoke; don't you go an' get bug-house," Shorty pleaded. "Think of me! Let your think-slats rip. Come on an' help me pull that shack down. I'd set her afire, if it wa'n't for roastin' them spuds."
"That's it!" Smoke exploded, as he sprang to his feet. "Just what I was trying to remember. Where's that kerosene-can? I'm with you, Shorty. The potatoes are ours."
"What's the game?"
"Watch me, that's all," Smoke baffled. "I always told you, Shorty, that a deficient acquaintance with literature was a handicap, even in the Klondike. Now what we're going to do came out of a book. I read it when I was a kid, and it will work. Come on."
Several minutes later, under a pale-gleaming, greenish aurora borealis, the two men crept up to Amos Wentworth's cabin. Carefully and noiselessly they poured kerosene over the logs, extra-drenching the door-frame and window-sash. Then the match was applied, and they watched the flaming oil gather headway. They drew back beyond the growing light and waited.
They saw Wentworth rush out, stare wildly at the conflagration, and plunge back into the cabin. Scarcely a minute elapsed when he emerged, this time slowly, half doubled over, his shoulders burdened by a sack heavy and unmistakable. Smoke and Shorty sprang at him like a pair of famished wolves. They hit him right and left, at the same instant. He crumpled down under the weight of the sack, which Smoke pressed over with his hands to make sure. Then he felt his knees clasped by Wentworth's arms as the man turned a ghastly face upward.
"Give me a dozen, only a dozen--half a dozen--and you can have the rest," he squalled. He bared his teeth and, with mad rage, half inclined his head to bite Smoke's leg, then he changed his mind and fell to pleading. "Just half a dozen," he wailed. "Just half a dozen. I was going to turn them over to you--to-morrow. Yes, to-morrow. That was my idea. They're life! They're life! Just half a dozen!"
"Where's the other sack?" Smoke bluffed.
"I ate it up," was the reply, unimpeachably honest. "That sack's all that's left. Give me a few. You can have the rest."
"Ate 'em up!" Shorty screamed. "A whole sack! An' them geezers dyin' for want of 'em! This for you! An' this! An' this! An' this! You swine! You hog!"
The first kick tore Wentworth away from his embrace of Smoke's knees. The second kick turned him over in the snow. But Shorty went on kicking.
"Watch out for your toes," was Smoke's only interference.
"Sure; I'm usin' the heel," Shorty answered. "Watch me. I'll cave his ribs in. I'll kick his jaw off. Take that! An' that! Wisht I could give you the boot instead of the moccasin. You swine!"
There was no sleep in camp that night. Hour after hour Smoke and Shorty went the rounds, doling the life-renewing potato-juice, a quarter of a spoonful at a dose, into the poor ruined mouths of the population. And through the following day, while one slept the other kept up the work.
There were no more deaths. The most awful cases began to mend with an immediacy that was startling. By the third day, men who had not been off their backs for weeks crawled out of their bunks and tottered around on crutches. And on that day, the sun, two months then on its journey into northern declination, peeped cheerfully over the crest of the canyon for the first time.
"Nary a potato," Shorty told the whining, begging Wentworth. "You ain't even touched with scurvy. You got outside a whole sack, an' you're loaded against scurvy for twenty years. Knowin' you, I've come to understand God. I always wondered why he let Satan live. Now I know. He let him live just as I let you live. But it's a cryin' shame, just the same."
"A word of advice," Smoke told Wentworth. "These men are getting well fast; Shorty and I are leaving in a week, and there will be nobody to protect you when these men go after you. There's the trail. Dawson's eighteen days' travel."
"Pull your freight, Amos," Shorty supplemented, "or what I done to you won't be a circumstance to what them convalescents'll do to you."
"Gentlemen, I beg of you, listen to me," Wentworth whined. "I'm a stranger in this country. I don't know its ways. I don't know the trail. Let me travel with you. I'll give you a thousand dollars if you'll let me travel with you."
"Sure," Smoke grinned maliciously. "If Shorty agrees."
"WHO? ME?" Shorty stiffened for a supreme effort. "I ain't nobody. Woodticks ain't got nothin' on me when it comes to humility. I'm a worm, a maggot, brother to the pollywog an' child of the blow-fly. I ain't afraid or ashamed of nothin' that creeps or crawls or stinks. But travel with that mistake of creation! Go 'way, man. I ain't proud, but you turn my stomach."
And Amos Wentworth went away, alone, dragging a sled loaded with provisions sufficient to last him to Dawson. A mile down the trail Shorty overhauled him.
"Come here to me," was Shorty's greeting. "Come across. Fork over. Cough up."
"I don't understand," Wentworth quavered, shivering from recollection of the two beatings, hand and foot, he had already received from Shorty.
"That thousand dollars, d' ye understand that? That thousand dollars gold Smoke bought that measly potato with. Come through."
And Amos Wentworth passed the gold-sack over.
"Hope a skunk bites you an' you get howlin' hydrophoby," were the terms of Shorty's farewell.
Add The Mistake of Creation to your own personal library.
Return to the Jack London Home Page, or . . . Read the next short story; The Night-Born


A dental implant is a titanium screw inserted into the jawbone to support an artificial tooth. It is a permanent fixture within the mouth andis often used an alternative option to bridges or dentures.
Dental implants are natural in appearance and feel and if looked after properly can last a lifetime.
Unlike bridges, healthy teeth do not need to be reshaped or prepared when an implant is used.
Your dentist will examine the area that is missing teeth before making a recommendation for the best type of restorative treatment.
If a dental implant is recommended for you, we will examine the bone mass and structure of your jaw to ensure it is suitable for an implant. We may even order a CT scan to assess the the jawbone.
Titanium is used to replace the root of a missing tooth. It is the preferred choice for dental implants as it bonds easily with the bone.
If you require a dental implant, Penwortham Dental's allocated dentist will discuss what type of sedation you require. Most people choose local anaesthetic to numb the area but if you are feeling anxious about the procedure we can use IV sedation to help you relax.
When the implant is inserted into the jawbone it can take between three and six months to properly bond to the bone. Whilst this bonding process occurs, the dentist may suggest using a temporary artificial tooth or recommend a temporary denture or bridge.
Although dental implants can last for a lifetime, they need to be properly cared for by you and your dentist.
We recommend paying extra attention to the gum tissue around the implant to ensure there is no build up of bacteria or disease.
To book a consultation at Penwortham Dental, please call 01772 742747 or click here to contact us.


Each Sunday, the younger members of our congregation meet in the Upper Hall for the first part of the service and explore and discover on Christian themes. They rejoin the main congregation for the second half of the service and on many occasions share what they have been doing at the end of the service.
On Sundays when the Parish Mass is All-age in nature, then the whole church family stays in church together.


text:
Q: Service worker cache in VueJS I have an application in VueJs using axios, service worker and recently I'm struggling with what it seems a new bug that came with our last update. A bit of context first, the URL in production of this application was for example lorem.ipsum.com and we changed to dolor.ipsum.com. With that in mind everything is working like the application and redirect from lorem.ipsum to dolor.ipsum. But the thing is that if I access lorem.ipsum the URL only changes when the user press CTRL+SHIFT+R to reload the page and what I wanted was that when the user access lorem.ipsum the redirect happened automatically to dolor.ipsum.
Here's the current state of the code
import { register } from "register-service-worker";

if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
  register(`${process.env.BASE_URL}service-worker.js`, {
    ready() {
      console.log(
        "App is being served from cache by a service worker.\n"
      );
    },
    registered() {
      console.log("Service worker has been registered.");
    },
    cached() {
      console.log("Content has been cached for offline use.");
    },
    updatefound() {
      console.log("New content is downloading.");
    },
    updated() {
      console.log("New content is available; please refresh.");
      setTimeout(() => {
        window.location.reload();
      }, 1000)
    },
    offline() {
      console.log("No internet connection found. App is running in offline mode.");
    },
    error(error) {
      console.error("Error during service worker registration:", error);
    },
  });
}

Edit 1: After adding the code below to use the application version to update/redirect the content it worked but only for those who never accessed the application before (because of cookies). When I delete all cookies, it works. So now I want a way to deal with those cookies for all users because we can't ask for all users to delete them.
workbox.core.setCacheNameDetails({ prefix: 'd4' });

const LATEST_VERSION = process.env.VUE_APP_VERSION;

self.addEventListener('activate', () => {
  if (caches) {
    caches.keys().then((arr) => {
      arr.forEach((key) => {
        if (key.indexOf('d4-precache') < -1) {
          caches.delete(key).then(() => console.log(`%c Cleared ${key}`, 'background: #333; color: #ff0000'));
        } else {
          caches.open(key).then((cache) => {
            cache.match('version').then((res) => {
              if (!res) {
                cache.put('version', new Response(LATEST_VERSION, { status: 200, statusText: LATEST_VERSION }));
              } else if (res.statusText !== LATEST_VERSION) {
                caches.delete(key).then(() => console.log(`%c Cleared Cache ${LATEST_VERSION}`));
              } else console.log(`%c Great you have the latest version ${LATEST_VERSION}`);
            });
          });
        }
      });
    });
  }
});

workbox.skipWaiting();
workbox.clientsClaim();

self.__precacheManifest = [].concat(self.__precacheManifest || []);
workbox.precaching.suppressWarnings();
workbox.precaching.precacheAndRoute(self.__precacheManifest, {});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Part of understanding a country's wine is understanding how the country controls (and therefore labels) its wine production. Perhaps the best place to begin is the system that many modern wine wine governances are modeled after: France's Appellation d'Origine Controlée (AOC).
The term appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) means "controlled designation of origin" in French. The classification system was developed as a way of certifying geographical indications for wine; however, today the AOC extends to many products including wine, cheese, butter, lavender, and lentils. The certifications and the process are controlled by an organization called the Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité (INAO for short).
The AOC concept is based on the concept of terroir: "terroir" means "land" in France, and the term represents the idea that the land is the key factor in agricultural products and that the products should reflect the unique geography and climate of the land. In the case of wine, "terroir" means the wine should reflect the unique qualities the soil and climate impart onto the grapes–the "soul" of the grapes and the wine–and the wine should not reflect overhandling during the winemaking process. AOCs are regions whose grapes expected to reflect similar terroir (qualities) in their subsequent wines.
France has nearly 500 AOCs and they vary in size.
Today's AOC reflects the beliefs of the INAO, which was formed in 1935 to oversee the winemaking process in French wineries. However, government monitoring of agriculture dates back to monitoring Roquefort in the 15th century. The AOC seal was created in the 1950s; in 1990, the INAO extended its work to agriculture products other than wine, including the above-mentioned honey, cheese, meat, lentils, and lavender.
What prompted the formation of the INAO and the AOC system? In the 1930s, producers of higher-quality wines voiced concerns with the overabundance of lower-quality wines and other industry issues, such as fraud and mislabeling. The organization and AOC system were formed in response, with hope of providing a "guarantee" of quality and consistency and the solidification of what practices (in the vineyard and throughout the wine-making process) constitute wines from each region.
The INAO consists of twelve regional committees: Alsace and Eastern France, Champagne, Southwest, Loire Valley, Burgundy, Languedoc-Roussillon, Rhône Valley, Provence-Corsica, Vins Doux Naturels, Cognac, Armagnac and Eaux-de-Vie de Cidre.
French vineyards in 1900, shortly after the designations were developed.
With the AOC, French wines are placed into four main categories that I've listed from what is considered the lowest quality to the highest; Vin de Table, Vin de Pays (VDP), Vin Dèlimitè de Qualitè Supèrieure (VDQS) and Appellation d'Origine Controlée (AOC).
Did you just order a "house red?" You are drinking a Vin de Table, or "table wine." These are the unassuming, every-day drinking wines that are known for affordability. In relation to the price (often just a few euros), the quality is actually quite high. A Vin de Table will not list the area that its grapes have been grown.
Unlike the Vin de Table, Vin de Pays ("country wine") distinguishes the region where it was produced. Not only does this tell consumers the area that the wine was made, but it also indicates the types of grapes used in the wine. If a consumer learns which regions grow which grapes, he or she will have a good idea of the makeup of the wine by only knowing its region. It is also important to note that Vin de Pays wines are also analyzed (and of course tasted!) before receiving the Vin de Pays designation in order to ensure the wine meets the qualities of the region.
Perhaps the least known of the four designations, VDQS wines make up just 2% of the French market. This category is often joked as being the "waiting room" for the well-known (and higher esteemed) AOC designation. A step up in quality and price from the Vin de Pays, these wines can still be a great deal in comparison to the AOC wines that are held in such high regard. Like all of other AOC designations other than Vin de Table, VDQS wines are tasted before receiving their title.
The highest designation is of course the one with the most restrictions and requirements. Like the Vin de Pays and VDQS wines, AOC wines must be tasted. It is important to note that because every vintage is different, no wine is guaranteed an AOC designation two years in a row. Exceptionally good years lead to more AOC wines, and the opposite is true for years that see unfavorable growing conditions.
The AOC system is revered by many for its dedication to preserving traditional wine-making methods in each of France's wine regions, and its system is considered the most effective of all designation systems in Europe. However, there are some criticisms of the INAO and the AOC system. Many argue that while the AOC keeps traditional wine-making methods alive, its rules also stifle any form of "creativity" for the winemakers. With the AOC restrictions, only specific grapes can be grown, only certain pruning methods can be used, etc. Winemakers looking for leeway shouldn't expect much in France.
Above all, the AOC system is used by consumers as a buying guide. Understanding the requirements for each designation will ensure that the buyer understands exactly what he or she is paying for. But taste is always subjective. If you prefer the taste of a particular "lower" quality Vin de Pays to a "higher" quality AOC wine, then it is better. Do not let labels determine what wines you think are better as taste always wins in the end.


1) All bookings are made with Welcome to Tuscia by Ognidove Viaggi e Vacanze. Bookings can be made via e-mail,telephone,fax or post. If the structure requested is available, Welcome to Tuscia in Italy will make a provisional booking and put an OPTION on the requested structure holding it for a maximum of 2 days. To confirm the booking, Welcome to Tuscia must receive the deposit for 30% of the total amount of the sum agreed. Upon receipt of payment Welcome to Tuscia will send the confirmation of your booking .If the deposit is not received within 2 days the OPTION is automatically cancelled.
2) The balance for your stay must be paid in full within 30 days before the start of your stay.If the balance is not received in time Welcome to Tuscia reserves the right to cancel the booking, retains the deposit and apply cancellation charges. For late bookings made within 30 days before the start of your stay period, full payment is required at the time of booking. The amounts shown in the price-list, and the reference exchange rates between the Euro and the respective currencies are calculated on the day the booking is confirmed. Welcome to Tuscia reserves the right to update prices shown in your booking if the new prices that were charged following currency rate fluctuations undergo a variation of more than 3%: the price changes will only be calculated against payments that are still outstanding.
3) Payment can be made either by Credit Card (Visa, MC, Amex), or by Bank Transfer. Please also note that if one decides to pay by Bank Transfer, in order to hold the reservation must send to Welcome to Tuscia offices a copy of the bank receipt confirming payment to the following fax number: +39 063236881.
4)Once the payment for your holiday booking has been received and accepted by Welcome to Tuscia , either by credit card,or bank transfer ( or any other permitted means), this implies both for the client and for Welcome to Tuscia the tacit acceptance of and the obligation to respect the terms and the general stay conditions shown in this document.
5) The stay is usually of one week-end or of one week, unless otherwise specified from probable combined programmes.
6) Generaly the Check-in is between 3 pm and 7.30pm and Check-out is before 12 noon in various hotels and resorts.
Late check-outs and different hours are subject to availability and will be charged directly to the clients.
7) In conformance with paragraph 13,law L.196/03 on the protection of privacy and on the processing of personal data, Welcome to Tuscia by Ognidove Viaggi in Rome, declares that client's personal data will be used for reasons connected with or essential , for carrying out our business.
8) Upon receipt of the total balance , Welcome to Tuscia will send to the client a " Voucher" for definitive confirmation, containing all the information concerning your stay. For special accomodation such as Country Houses or B.B. we can provide the property address or how to contact the person responsible for the keys. Upon arrival the client is obliged to present the confirmation form to the manager as well as a valid passport or identity card for the registration as required by Italian law.
9) Any reservation can be cancelled up to 3 days prior to the day of arrival(12.00hrs) without any penalty.
In case of late cancellation up to 3 days prior , clients will be charged 50% of the total amount. In the event of cancellation after this term or no-show, will incur 100% cancellation charge.
In the precense of other suppliers (guides, private drivers, car rental , museums ,etc)we will respect their general conditions.
10) In the event that the clients need to resign from their holiday for health reasons, Welcome to Tuscia offers them the opportunity to stipulate an insurance policy at an additional charge, only to be requested at the moment of the reservation.
11) Welcome to Tuscia by Ognidove Viaggi, is not keen on having unsatisfied guests.
In case of possible problems during the stay, the client is requested immediately to inform the hotel or owner of the Country house. If the problem has not been resolved during the stay and in case of voluntary change of structure, without giving the necessary time to Welcome to Tuscia to resolve the problem, the client looses out every right for reimbursement outside the cases contemplated by the normative in force.
In the unlikely case that a problem cannot be resolved during the stay, the client in any case is required to send us a reccomended letter with mail confirmation within 10 days of returning .
Declarations that are not carried out during the established terms will not be approved.


We give you the opportunity to get your goal in academic career by buying assignment online. Custom written, uniqueness and well referenced guaranteed.
When writing a paper on your own seems like a difficult task, then worry no more. Buy an assignment online from a trustworthy service and be done with it.
Avail top grades with 10% OFF & 20% cashback on all Assignment Writing Services in UK. Quality ... Get assignment help from best UK based assignment writers at discounted price. We offer ... I do like to share this to everyone that I, had no idea that an online assignment service can produce such quality assignment.


When I trying to run Fresh IDE extracted from zip on Windows 10 x64 it quites immediately. But the Fresh IDE from the Installer.exe works fine at the same system. But I need for a portable version (like in the first case).. How can I to resolve this problem?
I will need some more details. How you handled the downloaded zip archive? For example the path where you unzipped the archive should not contain characters other than latin. (I assume we are talking about the official release v2.3.0; There is v2.4.0 RC where this problem is solved and unicode filenames are supported).
But anyway, the "installed" from the Installer.exe is absolutely the same as this from the .zip archive. You can simply copy the whole directory and move it somewhere else and it will work. You also can "uninstall" by simply deleting the whole directory. This is possible, because Fresh IDE changes nothing in Windows system.
When moving Fresh IDE on another directory, there is only one problem - the paths in the "Fresh.cfg" file. You must either fix them manually, or simply delete "Fresh.cfg" file. When started for the first time Fresh IDE will recreate it the proper way. The drawback is that your manual settings will be lost.
Yes! It was my mistake. The directory of the Fresh application was named in Russian. So the problem rised because of this. Thank you!


A steep set of log steps make their way up the sandy slope creating an easier route for hikers on the Spirit Sands Trail in Spruce Woods Provincial Park in Manitoba, Canada. Along the steps, pretty pink flowers blossom in the sun as they prefer the sandy landscape to root themselves.
Most of the steepest hiking routes along the Spirit Sands Trail have a set of steps to make the climb a little easier, but visitors are warned not to touch the flowers and natural growth along the trail. Steps and platforms are also another way to protect the fragile vegetation so people do not trample them and destroy the entire ecosystem.
Spruce Woods Provincial Park covers an area of approximately 7,460 acres and along the various routes such as the Spirit Sands Trail, visitors will come to understand the importance of the flowers, plants and wildlife as well as the history behind this region.
Picture of pink flowers and steps on the Spirit Sands Trail in Spruce Woods Provincial Park, Manitoba.
Pretty pink flowers beside log steps along the Spirit Sands Trail, Spruce Woods Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada.


Exhibitors came from Paris, Amsterdam, Tel Aviv, Berlin, Santiago. You were greeted by a big fuzzy ball by Shoplifter .
A site-specific installation by Monika Zarzeczna was hosted by Lesley Heller Workspace, while across the way are Haunted Mansionesque mirror pieces by Daniel Horowitz with L'Inlassable Galerie, where faces are creepily washed out to drip down the walls.
The Richard Serra show, titled "Junction/Cycle" at Gagosian untill November 26, revisits the graceful spirals and ellipses he exhibited 10 years ago. The two giant sculptures, so exquisitely responsive to each other, manage to make the gallery feel intimate.
You are essentially walking through some gigantic steel mazes forced to make a choice: "left or right? One path dead-ends leaving you in an elliptical enclosure; the other leading you along a narrow curving path where you will be presented with more choices.
Once you're between those plates, you feel a tremendous surge. "Cycle" offers clearings, where you can pause and collect yourself. But the blind curves of "Junction" propel you through and, before you know it, spit you out. The movement feels akin to surfing, or being whooshed through a channel.
As I was walking through the busy Flatiron district the other day, a giant otherworldly sculpture of a girl's head caught my eyes. Jaume Plensa is the artist behind this this great art work. Its elongated Modigliani-esque features oddly recalls a hologram. Mr Pensa has for years dreamed of an "art totale", he said, that would meld the contradictory disciplines of photography and sculpture.


[by Shiho Nakaza in Los Angeles, California USA] I am honored to be invited by Los Angeles County Natural History Museum with a group of fellow sketchers to attend their L.A. Nature Fest event last weekend. I loved seeing many colors and shapes of plants in bloom at the Nature Garden, and it made me appreciate the biodiversity of this area, even in the middle of the city.
I was introduced to a shadow garden by a docent while I was hunting for a place to sketch. This is a small habitat inside the NatureGarden on the grounds of the museum that allows the birds to feed freely. The birds are well-camouflaged but I saw more than three or four different types of birds in the short time I did this sketch.
The event was well-attended by families with kids. A stilt-walking butterfly performer delighted kids, and it made me smile, too.
While I was painting outside, the contrast of oak leaves in the foreground and the graphic shapes of whale skeleton in the glassed interior caught my eye.
It was not too hot, but as the afternoon wore on, I decided to step inside to cool off and chill with the dinosaurs. While I like to do a "classic" museum sketch, I enjoyed painting outdoors, too!


I never cease to be amazed at the products and services being re-invented for the modern market. I've already mentioned the bare-foot running movement and it's breathtakingly expensive equipment.
However, since my bicycle was recently stolen (UK bike crime figures), I have been on the lookout for a replacement, and intrigued to discover the fixie bike phenomenon. I have to admit I was half-aware of a different and simpler kind of bicycle from my lunch-time wanderings around the Kings Cross area, particularly in the vicinity of the University of the Arts, inhabited by trend-setting students.
My eye was drawn to the almost Nietzschean purity and strong colours. One bike was all-white, even including the drive chain, another was mat black and gold with painted tyres. A recent article in the Evening Standard about Horst Friedrichs' new book London's most stylish cyclists, seemed to only show examples of fixie bikes.
The point is that once you remove the complex Derailleur gears and forget about heavy suspension, bike designers can let the minimalism of the two wheels and frame come to the fore. The fact that these bikes tend to be hundreds of pounds cheaper than their more sophisticated siblings is another attraction.
However, there is just one fly in the ointment, and that is the hilly nature of the geography around my local area. Bicycles developed gears for a reason, and that was to get their riders up hills without having to get off and push every time the slope got steep.
I've been assured that in London they work just fine, but I certainly haven't seen any up on the South Downs on my walks.
Then there is the question of true fixed wheel fixie, or the softy version with a free wheel bearing. I have to say the thought of being thrown over the handlebars because I forgot to keep pedalling when going downhill, does worry me somewhat.
So I have a dilemma, choose a beautiful two wheeled retro bike that harks back to the early days of cycling – and suffer, or go modern for an easy ride.
This entry was posted in entrepreneurship, inventions, market research, marketing, work/life on 10 May 2012 by ninfield.


Sarah Ranawake is an accomplished writer, editor, shoot producer and creative consultant with a decade of experience and an impressive magazine pedigree. Throughout her career she has held coveted positions at some of Australia's leading lifestyle and fashion magazines including InStyle and, most recently, as features director at CLEO and in recent years Sarah has become increasingly passionate about all things health and wellness related.
Stunning Bianca Cheah is the founder and creative director of leading digital publication Sporteluxe.com, she's not only a ridiculously beautiful glowing image of wellness but also one of Australia's most stylish spokespeople for health and fitness.


Atrauman® Silicone is a wound contact layer made of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) net as the carrier material which is coated on both sides with (polydimethylsiloxane-based) silicone gel.
This wound contact layer serves for atraumatic wound treatment and is thin, soft, can be cut to size and conformable. Pervious for exudate due to open net structure.
Adheres gently and securely to dry surfaces but not to moist surfaces. Thus it counteracts adhesion to the wound.
Silicone wound contact layer for the atraumatic treatment of wounds and for the protection of organs and other sensitive structures in negative pressure wound therapy.
… is used in the treatment of superficial, acute and chronic, slightly to moderately exuding wounds of all types.
… is used as a protective layer on non-exuding wounds and on sites with sensitive skin.
… should be used in combination with the Vivano® negative pressure wound therapy system.


McClelland, J. (2013). [Review of the book Decolonizing Literacy: Mexican Lives in the Era of Global Capitalism by G. Hernandez-Zamora]. CATESOL 24 (1).
Gregory Hernandez-Zamora's book is a provocative exploration of how colonialism and oppression have shaped literacy and language learning for marginalized Mexicans.
Click here for a pdf of this book review.
Santos, M; McClelland, J. & Handley, M. (2011). Language Lessons on Immigrant Identity, Food Culture, and the Search for Home. TESOL Journal 2 (2) .
Based on our ethnographic research in my ESL class, this article explores how learners' interpretations of health-related texts can promote language learning and critical engagement around texts.
Handley, M; Santos, M. & McClelland, J. (2009). Engaging Learners as Interpreters for Developing Health Messages. Global Health Promotion, 3(1).
This report highlights collaborative work with my ESL students to critically review research data on lead exposures and reframe prevention messages about lead contamination of imported foods.
"Measuring your carbon footprint: Are you warming the world?"


Cut tubing to desired length using tubing cutter. Cut should be centered in a corrugation valley. Use light roller pressure with extra rotations in one direction to leave tubing round and free of burrs on cut.
To ensure a quality flare, all cuts should be made on a straight section of tubing.
Note: Tube ends are sharp use caution when handling.
Cut: Place cut-end of FlashShield tubing into Side 1 of the stripping tool up to the tube stop. Close the stripping tool around tubing. Begin rotating the tool back and forth on the CSST (3 – 5, 200º twists) while applying pressure until the blades cut through all 3 jacket layers.
Strip: To remove jacket section, release pressure and grasp the tool from the end (left end in picture). Pull tool straight away from tubing while allowing the tool to open slightly so that the blades can clear the peak of the CSST. Remove and discard the stripped jacket layer(s) from the tool.
Second Cut: Turn stripping tool around to side 2 and place the stripped tubing end back in the tool up to the tube stop. While maintaining the tube against the tube stop, apply medium closing pressure and rotate the tool back and forth on the CSST (3-5, 200o twists) until the blades have cut through the outer plastic jacket layer only.
Strip: Maintain medium closing pressure and pull the tool straight away from the tube to use the blades to strip off the outer coating. Occasionally, a small portion of material may prevent complete stripping. Use the pliers at the corner of the tool to grab the material and pull it away.
Thread fitting body (NPT thread) into valve or appliance connection. Slide nut onto CSST and back a few inches. Separate bushings and position on tubing as shown, locating large bump into the valley of the first corrugation leaving one corrugation-peak exposed between the end of the bushing and tubing.
Insert bushings into fitting body. A small amount of resistance indicates the bushings are being compressed to further capture the jacket.
Note: Pipe dope or sealant is not to be used inside the fitting.
Slide nut over bushings and thread onto fitting body. Some resistance will be experienced as the nut begins to compress the tubing and create the double-wall flare. Continue to wrench the nut until the resistance increases greatly and the double-wall flare is tightly seated.
Note: Rotate the nut only during the tightening process. Do not rotate the fitting body.


text:
Хуче́ль (, ) — присілок у складі Канаського району Чувашії, Росія. Адміністративний центр Хучельського сільського поселення.

Населення — 260 осіб (2010; 239 у 2002).

Національний склад:
 чуваші — 95 %

Джерела

Примітки

Посилання
 На Вікімапії

Населені пункти Канаського району
Присілки Чувашії

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Royall House estate is a powerful reminder of slavery in New England. In search of evidence of this often overlooked aspect of the region's history, archaeologists from Boston University documented building remnants, traces of landscaping activity, and buried objects. These discoveries shed light on the vastly different experiences of the two groups of people who lived here. More than 65,000 objects and fragments recovered from the Royall House grounds reflect the pre-Revolutionary era. To understand the historical meaning of found objects, we must consider not only the artifacts themselves, but also where they were found, relevant documentary evidence, and their cultural context. Considered in this way, the objects unearthed around the slave quarters and the mansion illuminate the daily lives of the property's past residents.
Excavations revealed an expertly laid cobbled surface that would have greeted the Royalls' illustrious guests in their carriages and would have been part of the Royalls' social display. In a similar vein, our discoveries have provided good evidence of some of the refurbishment, construction, and beautification that was undertaken by the Royalls to transform a modest dwelling into a lordly residence worthy of their social standing in the community.
In fact, artifacts recovered from these areas that seem to reflect not just work life but also family life, leisure time activities, and craftsmanship of enslaved people, support the idea that these areas were indeed understood by white and black alike to be a "black domain." To them, they might have connoted family ties and time away from Master: long smokes on the stoop out back, an impromptu game of checkers or marbles, quiet time to sew, make beads, or tell stories about Africa and freedom to the children who had never known it.
Archaeology has repeatedly uncovered these contestations between slave holder and enslaved at the Royall House, as they struggled to define themselves and each other in the violent and shifting world of pre-Revolutionary America.
Archaeological investigations have revealed information on the daily lives of the enslaved Africans who lived here. To learn more, visit the Slave Life at the Royall House webpage.
Parallel Lives, Common Landscape
Bottle stamped with the Royall family crest
"Parallel Lives, Common Landscape" is an archaeological exhibit which includes rare physical evidence of the 60+ enslaved men, women, and children who supported the wealthy Royalls' lavish lifestyle over a 40-year period in pre-Revolutionary Massachusetts. Featuring a selection of compelling artifacts, it tells the intertwined stories of people who occupied the very highest and the very lowest strata of the social spectrum in a shared setting.
Dr. Alexandra Chan, one of the lead archaeologists for a full-scale dig on the property from 1999-2001, served as curator of this exhibit. Supported by the Eastern Bank Charitable Foundation, "Parallel Lives, Common Landscape" offers a fascinating and seldom-told chronicle of early American history.
For a more complete view of the excavation, exhibit texts, and interpretive information, read archaeologist Alexandra Chan's Parallel Lives, Common Landscape: Artifacts from the Royall House & Slave Quarters.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What does it mean when we have inflation and the economy is failing?
"The statement of the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee concerning inflation as enemy number one while leaving the discount rate unchanged speaks to Stagflation. As such, it is long term gold positive.


text:
TikTok to hire chief nodal officer in India amid calls for ban over 'inappropriate' content
BusinessToday.In February 19, 2019
TikTok, the popular lip-sync app, is under the scanner in India after several reports said that teenagers, especially girls were being exposed to disconcerting comments. There are reports of teenagers being asked about personal contact information or to post provocative videos. TikTok, which is owned by China's ByteDance, has become popular with young users in India since its initial release in 2016.
Also Read: Creepy! This website creates human faces of people who don't exist
TikTok has been slammed for poor content monitoring with complaints of hate speech being uploaded on the app. Globally, TikTok has often been criticised for videos featuring anti-semetic, racist and white supremacist conspiracy. In India, Tamil Nadu government has called for a ban on the app on the grounds of hosting sexually-explicit content, and even having under-aged users on the platform. TikTok users have also been victims of cyberbullying, with one case leading to a user committing suicide last year in a suburb in Chennai.
Meanwhile, the RSS affiliate Swadeshi Jagran Manch (SJM) has written to PM Narendra Modi, asking him to create hurdles for Chinese companies doing business in India. SJM co-convener Ashwani Mahajan has asked the Indian government to ban Chinese apps like TikTok and Helo for having 'undesirable content'.
In response, a ByteDance spokesperson said, "TikTok and Helo are committed to respecting local laws and regulations as well as maintaining a safe and positive in-app environment for our users in India. There is no basis for the factually incorrect claims raised by certain groups recently. We treat the safety and security of our user data very seriously."
TikTok has over 2 crore users in India, and its user base is growing exponentially. TikTok will have to find a way to weed out the inappropriate content from the app. Inc42 reported that TikTok will soon hire a chief nodal officer in India to comply with the legalities of the country. The Chinese company has already appointed public policy director to inspect the content that goes out on the mobile app.
Edited By: Udit Verma
Also Read: PUBG Mobile's new update to be released soon; all you need to know
Also Read: Samsung Galaxy M30 set to launch on February 27, will feature infinity-U display
URL for this article :
https://www.businesstoday.in/technology/news/tiktok-to-hire-chief-nodal-officer-in-india-amid-calls-for-ban-for-hosting-sexually-explicit-content/story/320050.html
@ Copyright 2019 India Today Group.


text:
Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
Sarianna Palola, Pekka Laurikainen, Sonia García-Arrieta, Egoitz Goikuria Astorkia, Essi Sarlin
Materials Science and Environmental Engineering
Currently, the vast majority of composite waste is either landfilled or incinerated, causing a massive burden on the environment and resulting in the loss of potentially valuable raw material. Here, conventional pyrolysis and reactive pyrolysis were used to reclaim carbon fibers from aero-nautical scrap material, and to evaluate the feasibility of using reclaimed carbon fibers in structural components for the automotive sector. The need for fiber sizing was investigated as well as the behavior of the fiber material in macroscopic impact testing. The fibers were characterized with the single fiber tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, and the microbond test. Critical fiber length was estimated in both polypropylene and polyamide matrices. Tensile strength of the fiber material was better preserved with the reactive pyrolysis compared to the conventional pyrolysis, but in both cases the interfacial shear strength was retained or even improved. The impact testing revealed that the components made of these fibers fulfilled all required deformation limits set for the components with virgin fibers. These results indicate that recycled carbon fibers can be a viable option even in structural components, resulting in lower production costs and greener composites.
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061098
Interfacial shear strength
Microbond
Reactive pyrolysis
Recycled carbon fiber
Publication forum classification
Publication forum level 1
Chemistry(all)
10.3390/polym14061098Licence: CC BY
polymers-14-01098Final published version, 2.99 MBLicence: CC BY
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202204113161Licence: CC BY
Dive into the research topics of 'Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Thermoplastics Engineering & Materials Science 100%
Carbon fibers Engineering & Materials Science 93%
Carbon Fiber Chemical Compounds 91%
Composite materials Engineering & Materials Science 57%
Composite Material Chemical Compounds 49%
Palola, S., Laurikainen, P., García-Arrieta, S., Astorkia, E. G., & Sarlin, E. (2022). Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Polymers, 14(6), [1098]. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061098
Palola, Sarianna ; Laurikainen, Pekka ; García-Arrieta, Sonia et al. / Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. In: Polymers. 2022 ; Vol. 14, No. 6.
@article{690703d92a5c43e6800a6c5b2c4e6362,
title = "Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites",
abstract = "Currently, the vast majority of composite waste is either landfilled or incinerated, causing a massive burden on the environment and resulting in the loss of potentially valuable raw material. Here, conventional pyrolysis and reactive pyrolysis were used to reclaim carbon fibers from aero-nautical scrap material, and to evaluate the feasibility of using reclaimed carbon fibers in structural components for the automotive sector. The need for fiber sizing was investigated as well as the behavior of the fiber material in macroscopic impact testing. The fibers were characterized with the single fiber tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, and the microbond test. Critical fiber length was estimated in both polypropylene and polyamide matrices. Tensile strength of the fiber material was better preserved with the reactive pyrolysis compared to the conventional pyrolysis, but in both cases the interfacial shear strength was retained or even improved. The impact testing revealed that the components made of these fibers fulfilled all required deformation limits set for the components with virgin fibers. These results indicate that recycled carbon fibers can be a viable option even in structural components, resulting in lower production costs and greener composites.",
keywords = "Interfacial shear strength, Microbond, Reactive pyrolysis, Recycled carbon fiber, Thermoplastic",
author = "Sarianna Palola and Pekka Laurikainen and Sonia Garc{\'i}a-Arrieta and Astorkia, {Egoitz Goikuria} and Essi Sarlin",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This research was partly funded by FINNISH CULTURAL FOUNDATION, grant number 00210821, and EU H2020-IND-CE project "FiberEUse" (grant agreement number 730323). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",
doi = "10.3390/polym14061098",
journal = "Polymers",
Palola, S, Laurikainen, P, García-Arrieta, S, Astorkia, EG & Sarlin, E 2022, 'Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites', Polymers, vol. 14, no. 6, 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061098
Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. / Palola, Sarianna; Laurikainen, Pekka; García-Arrieta, Sonia et al.
In: Polymers, Vol. 14, No. 6, 1098, 09.03.2022.
T1 - Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
AU - Palola, Sarianna
AU - Laurikainen, Pekka
AU - García-Arrieta, Sonia
AU - Astorkia, Egoitz Goikuria
AU - Sarlin, Essi
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was partly funded by FINNISH CULTURAL FOUNDATION, grant number 00210821, and EU H2020-IND-CE project "FiberEUse" (grant agreement number 730323). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
N2 - Currently, the vast majority of composite waste is either landfilled or incinerated, causing a massive burden on the environment and resulting in the loss of potentially valuable raw material. Here, conventional pyrolysis and reactive pyrolysis were used to reclaim carbon fibers from aero-nautical scrap material, and to evaluate the feasibility of using reclaimed carbon fibers in structural components for the automotive sector. The need for fiber sizing was investigated as well as the behavior of the fiber material in macroscopic impact testing. The fibers were characterized with the single fiber tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, and the microbond test. Critical fiber length was estimated in both polypropylene and polyamide matrices. Tensile strength of the fiber material was better preserved with the reactive pyrolysis compared to the conventional pyrolysis, but in both cases the interfacial shear strength was retained or even improved. The impact testing revealed that the components made of these fibers fulfilled all required deformation limits set for the components with virgin fibers. These results indicate that recycled carbon fibers can be a viable option even in structural components, resulting in lower production costs and greener composites.
AB - Currently, the vast majority of composite waste is either landfilled or incinerated, causing a massive burden on the environment and resulting in the loss of potentially valuable raw material. Here, conventional pyrolysis and reactive pyrolysis were used to reclaim carbon fibers from aero-nautical scrap material, and to evaluate the feasibility of using reclaimed carbon fibers in structural components for the automotive sector. The need for fiber sizing was investigated as well as the behavior of the fiber material in macroscopic impact testing. The fibers were characterized with the single fiber tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, and the microbond test. Critical fiber length was estimated in both polypropylene and polyamide matrices. Tensile strength of the fiber material was better preserved with the reactive pyrolysis compared to the conventional pyrolysis, but in both cases the interfacial shear strength was retained or even improved. The impact testing revealed that the components made of these fibers fulfilled all required deformation limits set for the components with virgin fibers. These results indicate that recycled carbon fibers can be a viable option even in structural components, resulting in lower production costs and greener composites.
KW - Interfacial shear strength
KW - Microbond
KW - Reactive pyrolysis
KW - Recycled carbon fiber
KW - Thermoplastic
U2 - 10.3390/polym14061098
DO - 10.3390/polym14061098
JO - Polymers
JF - Polymers
Palola S, Laurikainen P, García-Arrieta S, Astorkia EG, Sarlin E. Towards Sustainable Composite Manufacturing with Recycled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Polymers. 2022 Mar 9;14(6):1098. doi: 10.3390/polym14061098


Image Alt: Front page of The Observer showing a protester and the headline "May: I will fine greedy bosses who betray their workers"
Upon Frederick's death in 1901, the paper was purchased by the newspaper magnate Lord Northcliffe. After maintaining the existing editorial leadership for a couple of years, in 1908 Northcliffe named James Louis Garvin as editor. Garvin quickly turned the paper into an organ of political influence, boosting circulation from 5,000 to 40,000 within a year of his arrival as a result. Yet the revival in the paper's fortunes masked growing political disagreements between Garvin and Northcliffe. These disagreements ultimately led Northcliffe to sell the paper to William Waldorf Astor in 1911, who transferred ownership to his son Waldorf Astor, 2nd Viscount Astor four years later.
The Observer was awarded the National Newspaper of the Year at the British Press Awards 2007. Editor Roger Alton stepped down at the end of 2007 and was replaced by his deputy, John Mulholland.
Richard Cockett, David Astor and The Observer, André Deutsch, London, 1990, 294 pp. with index. . Has endpapers that are facsimiles of The Observer, with other black-and-white photographic plates of personnel linked to the newspaper.
Graham Snowdon, "Inside the 19 January edition", The Guardian Weekly, 16 January 2018 (page visited on 19 January 2018).
News: World writes to undecided voters. 13 July 2008. The Guardian. UK. Matt Wells. 15 October 2004.
Web site: The Observer has reported in accordance with ABC's industry-agreed standards for National Newspapers. www.abc.org.uk. 30 April 2018.
News: The Observer under review. BBC News. 4 August 2009. 27 March 2010.
Web site: Key moments in the Observer's history - a timeline. 7 November 2017. the Guardian.
Web site: Ad Info - Observer History. 17 September 2009. bot: unknown. https://web.archive.org/web/20090917013231/http://www.adinfo-guardian.co.uk/the-observer/observer-history.shtml. 17 September 2009. dmy-all.
Michael Leapman, "New editor chosen for 'Observer': 'Guardian' deputy to succeed Trelford", The Independent, 14 May 1993, accessed 22 January 2018.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/feb/15/iraq-war "Iraq war: the march of time"
Claire Cozens, "Observer announces relaunch date", The Observer, 19 December 2005; accessed 27 February 2007.
Web site: Press Awards. Magstar. Ltd. www.pressawards.org.uk. yes. https://web.archive.org/web/20160402232510/http://www.pressawards.org.uk/page-view.php?pagename=2000-2008-Winners. 2 April 2016. dmy-all.
News: Mulholland reshapes Observer team. Stephen Brook. The Guardian. UK. 3 January 2008. 17 February 2008.
John Mulholland, "Welcome to the new Observer", Guardian.co.uk, 21 February 2010.
Web site: Observer to launch new monthly technology supplement. Gavriel Hollander. Press Gazette. 27 August 2003. 21 May 2015.
Web site: Observer wins top prize at 2014 Newspaper Awards. The Guardian. 2 April 2014. 21 May 2015.
New editor at the FINANCIAL TIMES. Press Business. February 2006. 1. 7 October 2013. yes. https://web.archive.org/web/20131014110104/http://www.press-business.com/pdf/2006_01_press_business.pdf. 14 October 2013. dmy-all.
Web site: How to access past articles from the Guardian and Observer archive. 15 November 2017. the Guardian.
News: Der Spiegel issue on Islam banned in Egypt. 29 September 2013. France24. 2 April 2008.
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "The Observer".


text:
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.
7.1 By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services
7.2 By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
7.3 By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
7.A By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology
7.B By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States, and land-locked developing countries, in accordance with their respective programmes of support.
Energy Efficiency Agency
Chisinau Municipality
ESCOs
Energy Efficiency Fund
PIU 2KR
Our work on Affordable and Clean Energy is linked to these other Sustainable Development Goals:
Developing Long-Term Climate Strategies in the EU Eastern Partnership Countries
Molovata, the village supplied with water "from the sun"