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THE DREAM DRAGON NEEDS YOUR HELP! CLICK HERE TO SUPPORT OUR CARTOON GOFUNDME CAMPAIGN!
Welcome To Dreamland,
Home of the Dream Dragon
"The idea was simple, create children's characters who
educate, empower and entertain; preferably all three at the same time!"
When the Dream Dragon was originally born from the head of a 17 year old kid, there was very little thought put into the character. At the time, it was just a fun poem to get the necessary assignments in for that day. Then, nearly 20 years later, I decided to try to turn that old poem into something amazing. It was then that I came up with the concept of the Dream Dragon and the 3 E's. The idea was simple, create children's characters who can educate, empower and entertain, preferably all three at the same time! While the idea was simple enough, making it a reality was a whole other story! Most children's characters today are primarily focused on only the entertainment side of things, which makes sense business wise. Give them what they want, not necessarily what they need. But how long can that kind of thinking last, until irreparable damage is done? Are we willing to stand by and find out? I'm not! I am committed to making the Dream Dragon and all of the other characters in the Dreamland universe lovable characters who will provide at least two of the 3 E's at all times. Our show, our products, our characters will not just be for entertainment...they will always try to teach a lesson, instill a value or provide useful advice and, of course, to entertain them while doing it!
"It's a BIG deal when a child learns something new and we adults can't forget that!"
Look What I Know stories. When you are a child learning is an amazing thing. So inquisitive. So many questions. So open to new information. And once they learn something new, they are beaming with pride, which is why the name "Look What I Know" was selected for this part of the series. It's a BIG deal when a child learns something new and we can't forget that! Because we seldom learn new things as adults, it is very easy to forget just what a big deal learning really is, but it's important that we do not forget and that we actually celebrate when our children learn new things. By introducing the Dream Dragon Look What I Know stories to your children, they will begin to associate the character with greater comprehension and learning, which will, in turn, boost self confidence and self worth. It will also help establish the Dream Dragon as a trustworthy character, whose message is intended to help children. It is this trust which will become the foundation of the relationship between the Dream Dragon and the child. Just like any relationship, it will take time for the trust to build, but after a while, children will know that the message of the Dream Dragon is always positive and helpful. This understanding will become appreciation, which will allow the Dream Dragon to more easily help when the time comes to be introduced to the more serious empowerment topics of the series.
"Empowerment is an important topic, especially when it comes to our kids!"
Lessons To Learn From stories. Empowerment is an extremely important topic, especially when it comes to our kids! As adults we have learned how vital being empowered is in order to overcome obstacles, tackle difficult situations in life and even becoming a good person and a productive, contributing member of society. But today children are faced with so many more challenges than most parents or grandparents were faced with when they were growing up. This is why empowering our kids is so important. Because kids seem so much more advanced and mature at earlier and earlier ages, it is easy to forget that their little minds are still developing and that they still need our help and guidance, even if they don't think they do! Examples set by parents and the influential adults in their life have a huge impact on the development of a child, so it is important to not only discuss and instill lessons to empower the children, but for the adults to take their own advice and live their own empowered life. If a parent or an adult who is often around children is struggling with self confidence issues or allows fear of change or other personal issues to hold them back, then that is what the children are seeing and what they are learning. Children learn what they live, which is why it is important to always keep that in mind. If you want your child to become a self confident, self assured adult, then they will need to see those traits from the people who influence them the most. The Dream Dragon: Lessons To Learn From stories cover topics which may be difficult to discuss, but the stories are easy to read and understand, which will make starting these somewhat difficult conversations much easier for parents. The stories also provide a jumping off point for parents to bring up sensitive topics, like inappropriate touching.
"Too many companies are fine with pumping out shallow, meaningless content, with the sole purpose of making money, not providing substance or any type of lesson."
Tuck 'em in Bedtime Stories and more. Let's be honest, it's 2021 and children have become big business for a lot of companies. While it may seem that children are more refined than the same aged kids from the past, the truth is they are just exposed to more things at a much faster pace than previous generations. As a result, there is a major lack of quality content, in both literature and programming. Too many companies are fine with pumping out shallow, meaningless content, with the sole purpose of making money, not providing substance or any type of lesson. Just pure entertainment, often NOTHING more than digital babysitters. While things for purely entertainment purposes are fine, there should be a line drawn when it comes to content for our children. We realize that for a child to grow to appreciate a children's character, they will need to be entertained by them, so making sure your child is entertained by the Dream Dragon and the rest of the characters in the Dreamland universe is very important to us. But making sure they are entertained, while also learning and growing, is even more important to us! The Tuck 'em in Bedtime Stories were created to focus more on the entertainment side, but while still maintaining our commitment to quality content. The stories are usually journeys through Dreamland with the Dream Dragon, but we have also used this part of the series to address topics like dealing with nightmares. In the story Protector of Dreamland, children discover basic dream control techniques which will allow them to stop a nightmare and put their dream in a more happy direction. Gerald's daughter, Khailey, had very bad nightmares when she was little. She was actually the inspiration for the Protector of Dreamland story. After the verse was written, Gerald would read it to her every night before she went to sleep. The story did not even have any pictures with it, so it was nothing but the words and what they meant and suggested. The story explained that when a nightmare starts all the dreamer has to do is say "I'm scared", which allows the mind to realize that it is a dream and respond with the Dream Dragon appearing to fend off any scary thoughts. After less than two weeks of reading the story verse to her every night, her nightmares stopped and she was able to sleep soundly from that point on!
© 1999 - 2022 by Dream Dragon Entertainment


Modesta Rocha and Georgina Barrios await the announcement regarding which school won the Make-A-Wish fundraising challenge Thursday evening.
Students in Green River and Rock Springs have come a long way since the first Make-A-Wish fundraiser the two schools hosted in 2004.
That year, the schools raised approximately $1,500.
"It may seem like a small amount, but those students ... started a tradition," Morgan Legerski, CEO of Make-A-Wish's Wyoming Chapter said.
Thursday, the schools announced that tradition raised nearly 38 times that amount, $56,947.97. That figure excludes $1,279.06 raised from Truman Elementary School Friday. The grand total, including Truman, amounts to $58,227.03.


There is a country in which a woman who is raped and seeks a termination as a result faces a longer jail sentence than the person who attacked her. That country is Northern Ireland.
The referendum on abortion in Ireland will lead to an extension of reproductive rights to 2.5 million women. Now it is time to ensure that the million women living in Northern Ireland are not left behind.
The government has for years claimed that access to abortion is up to the Northern Ireland Assembly to determine. Dominated by political leaders firmly opposed to change, denying women their basic reproductive rights has been characterised as democracy in action.


This 1-parameter family requires the solution of a 6-dimensional period problem and the effort yields a 1-parameter family.
We see here singly periodic, 8-ended Scherk surfaces with an eccentric handle. That something like this exists follows from Kevin Li's unpublished thesis, where such surfaces are constructed near limits when all Scherk ends become horizontal. Below are the flat structures of G dh and 1/G dh on a simply connected reflectional fundamental piece.


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Sanction Hyderabad-Nagpur Industrial Corridor : CM K Chandrashekhar Rao to PM
by TLN Team September 4, 2021 September 4, 2021
written by TLN Team September 4, 2021 September 4, 2021
Chief Minister K Chandrashekhar Rao on Friday requested Prime Minister Narendra Modi to sanction Hyderabad-Nagpur Industrial Corridor (HNIC) on the lines of Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor, covering a length of 585-km between Hyderabad and Nagpur.
The project aims to exploit the central location of Nagpur which is proposed as a multi-modal international cargo hub and Hyderabad which is a major IT and manufacturing destination.
On similar lines, the State government is keen to develop Warangal-Hyderabad Industrial Corridor. This sector will be covered with an existing rail line from Nagpur to Hyderabad and a road link from Hyderabad to Bhupalapatnam through an ongoing National Highway project. He sought the Centre to sanction both the projects, stating that they will have a significant impact on employment generation in the less developed region of the country and will lead to immense economic development.
In his memorandum submitted to the Prime Minister during a meeting in New Delhi, Chandrashekhar Rao said the Telangana government took up preliminary assessment of potential industrial corridors in Telangana State In his memorandum submitted to the Prime Minister during a meeting in New Delhi, Chandrashekhar Rao said the Telangana government took up preliminary assessment of potential industrial corridors in Telangana State with an objective to create a strong economic base, supported by a quality infrastructure that drives the investment climate and promote the economic development of the region. The proposed corridor can be designed to be connected through high-speed passenger and freight rail connectivity between Hyderabad and Nagpur and also by six/eight laning of the existing National Highway (NH) – 44 between Hyderabad and Nagpur.
About 50 km on either side of the road and rail corridor is considered as the immediate influence area. The project immediate influence area is well connected by air and also the proposed City Gas Distribution (CGD) network lines, which will be an added advantage for the HNIC, benefiting a combined population of 40 million in both Telangana and Maharashtra States. High impact and market-driven nodes are proposed to be identified along the corridor to provide transparent and investment-friendly policy/facility regimes under which integrated Investment Regions (IRS) and Industrial Areas (IAS) would be established.
These regions are proposed to be self-sustained industrial townships, road and rail connectivity for freight movement, reliable power, quality social infrastructure, and provide a globally competitive environment conducive for setting up businesses. Strongly pitching for the IPS cadre review in the State, Chief Minister K Chandrashekhar Rao sought an increase of senior duty posts from the existing 76 to 105 in view of formation of 33 new revenue districts as well as subsequent changes in police administrative reorganisation through Presidential Orders. The resultant increase in total IPS cadre will be from 139 to 195, he said in a memorandum submitted to the Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi on Friday.
The Chief Minister informed that the increase was sought in total cadre strength will be about 40 per cent against the usually permitted five per cent, but requested the Centre to treat the present IPS cadre review as an extraordinary case for approval.
"The allocation will help the posting of IPS officers as Commissioners, Superintendents of Police, Zonal DIGSP and Multi Zonal IGSP in various territorial units. At present, these territorial units have no sanctioned cadre posts," he said. The Chief Minister brought to the notice of Modi that around two years after its formation, to meet the aspirations of the people of Telangana, the State government had undertaken a major revamp of its district administrative set up by reorganising the then existing 10 districts in to 33 districts for better administrative convenience, efficient delivery of welfare and developmental programmes to people residing even in the remote areas.
Revising existing zonal system under Article 371-D had become necessary following the State formation, as it is aimed at avoiding injustices done to employees and aspirants for government employment. The Union Ministry of Home Affairs had already issued notifications recognising the reorganised districts. The police administration has a special recognition unlike other departments in the notifications with 20 police districts and nine Police Commissionerates, in place of nine police districts and two police Commissionerates existed earlier.
On account of new administrative set up of police units, there is an imminent need to create new territorial posts in tune with the notifications of the Central government to fulfil statutory responsibilities as per Police Act, 1961. The earlier IPS cadre review for the Telangana was done by the MHA, in 2016, and a total of 76 Senior Duty Posts and resultant 139 total authorised posts were approved for the Telangana State. The State government has sent a proposal to MHA, for review of IPS cadre for Telangana for creation of various cadre posts in the State.
In the scenario after re-organisation, additional posts are required as territorial and critical posts as head of new districts, new zones and new multi-zones which are newly created. Hence, a bare minimum increase of 29 Senior Duty Posts, i.e., from existing 76 to 105, with resultant increase in total IPS cadre from 139 to that of 195, is being sought, as a special case, keeping in view the administrative requirement of the police department and for discharging responsibilities as per Police Act. Details of posts to be en-cadred, de cadred or requiring change in nomenclature have also been submitted to the MHA.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Chapter 5: Harmonic Oscillator
[ "article:topic", "harmonic oscillator", "showtoc:no" ]
6: One Dimensional Harmonic Oscillator
Classical Oscillator
Harmonic Oscillator in Quantum Mechanics
The harmonic oscillator is a model which has several important applications in both classical and quantum mechanics. It serves as a prototype in the mathematical treatment of such diverse phenomena as elasticity, acoustics, AC circuits, molecular and crystal vibrations, electromagnetic fields and optical properties of matter.
A simple realization of the harmonic oscillator in classical mechanics is a particle which is acted upon by a restoring force proportional to its displacement from its equilibrium position. Considering motion in one dimension, this means
\[ F = −kx \label{1}\]
Such a force might originate from a spring which obeys Hooke's law, as shown in Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). According to Hooke's law, which applies to real springs for sufficiently small displacements, the restoring force is proportional to the displacement—either stretching or compression—from the equilibrium position.
Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Spring obeying Hooke's law.
The force constant \(k\) is a measure of the stiffness of the spring. The variable \(x\) is chosen equal to zero at the equilibrium position, positive for stretching, negative for compression. The negative sign in Equation \(\ref{1}\) reflects the fact that \(F\) is a restoring force, always in the opposite sense to the displacement \(x\).
Applying Newton's second law to the force from Equation \(\ref{1}\), we find \(x\)
\[ F = m \dfrac{d^2 x}{dx^2} = -kx \label{2} \]
where \(m\) is the mass of the body attached to the spring, which is itself assumed massless. This leads to a differential equation of familiar form, although with different variables:
\[ \ddot{x}(t)+ \omega^2x(t)= 0 \label{3}\]
\[\omega^2 \equiv \dfrac{k}{m}\]
The dot notation (introduced by Newton himself) is used in place of primes when the independent variable is time. The general solution to Equation \(\ref{3}\) is
\[ x(t) = A\sin ωt + B\cos ωt \label{4}\]
which represents periodic motion with a sinusoidal time dependence. This is known as simple harmonic motion and the corresponding system is known as a harmonic oscillator. The oscillation occurs with a constant angular frequency
\[ \omega = \sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}\; \text{radians per second} \label{5} \]
This is called the natural frequency of the oscillator. The corresponding circular (or angular) frequency in Hertz (cycles per second) is
\[ \nu = \dfrac{\omega}{2\pi } = \dfrac{1}{2\pi} \sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}\; \text{Hz} \label{6}\]
The general relation between force and potential energy in a conservative system in one dimension is
\[ F =\dfrac{−dV}{dx} \label{7}\]
Thus the potential energy of a harmonic oscillator is given by
\[ V(x) = \dfrac{1}{2}kx^2 \label{8}\]
which has the shape of a parabola, as drawn in Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\). A simple computation shows that the oscillator moves between positive and negative turning points \(\pm x_{max}\) where the total energy \(E\) equals the potential energy \(\dfrac{1}{2} k x_{max}^{2}\) while the kinetic energy is momentarily zero. In contrast, when the oscillator moves past \(x = 0\), the kinetic energy reaches its maximum value while the potential energy equals zero.
Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\): Potential energy function and first few energy levels for harmonic oscillator.
Given the potential energy in Equation \(\ref{8}\), we can write down the Schrödinger equation for the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator:
\[ -\dfrac{\hbar^{2}}{2m} \psi''(x) + \dfrac{1}{2}kx^2 \psi(x) = E \psi(x) \label{9}\]
For the first time we encounter a differential equation with non-constant coefficients, which is a much greater challenge to solve. We can combine the constants in Equation \(\ref{9}\) to two parameters
\[ \alpha^2 = \dfrac{mk}{\hbar^2}\]
\[\lambda = \dfrac{2mE}{\hbar^2\alpha} \label{10}\]
and redefine the independent variable as
\[ \xi = \alpha^{1/2}x \label{11} \]
This reduces the Schrödinger equation to
\[ \psi''(\xi) + (\lambda-\xi^2)\psi(\xi) = 0\label{12} \]
The range of the variable \(x\) (also \(\xi\)) must be taken from \(−\infty\) to \(+\infty\), there being no finite cutoff as in the case of the particle in a box. A useful first step is to determine the asymptotic solution to Equation \(\ref{11}\), that is, the form of \(\psi(\xi)\) as \(\xi\rightarrow\pm\infty\). For sufficiently large values of \(\lvert\xi\rvert\), \(\xi^{2} \gg \lambda\) and the differential equation is approximated by
\[ \psi''(\xi) - \xi^2\psi(\xi) \approx 0 \label{13}\]
This suggests the following manipulation:
\[ \left(\dfrac{d^2}{d\xi^2} - \xi^2 \right) \psi(\xi) \approx \left( \dfrac{d}{d\xi}-\xi \right) \left( \dfrac{d}{d\xi}+\xi \right) \psi(\xi) \approx 0 \label{14}\]
The first-order differential equation
\[ \psi'(\xi) + \xi\psi(\xi)=0 \label{15}\]
can be solved exactly to give
\[ \psi(\xi) = \text{const.}\, e^{-\xi^2/2} \label{16}\]
Remarkably, this turns out to be an exact solution of the Schrödinger equation (Equation \(\ref{12}\)) with \(\lambda=1\). Using Equation \(\ref{10}\), this corresponds to an energy
\[ E=\dfrac{\lambda\hbar^2\alpha}{2m} = \dfrac{1}{2}\hbar\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}} = \dfrac{1}{2} \hbar\omega \label{17} \]
where \(\omega\) is the natural frequency of the oscillator according to classical mechanics. The function in Equation \(\ref{16}\) has the form of a Gaussian, the bell-shaped curve so beloved in the social sciences. The function has no nodes, which leads us to conclude that this represents the ground state of the system.The ground state is usually designated with the quantum number \(n = 0\) (the particle in a box is a exception, with \(n = 1\) labeling the ground state). Reverting to the original variable \(x\), we write
\[ \psi_{0}(x) = \text{const} e^{-\alpha x^2/2}\]
\[\alpha=(mk/\hbar^2)^{1/2} \label{18}\]
With help of the well-known definite integral (Laplace 1778)
\[\int^{\infty}_{-\infty} e^{- \alpha x^{2}} dx= \sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\alpha}} \label{19}\]
we find the normalized eigenfunction
\[\psi_{0}(x)=(\dfrac{\alpha}{\pi})^{1/4} e^{-\alpha x^{2}/2} \label{20}\]
with the corresponding eigenvalue
\[E_{0}=\dfrac{1}{2}\hbar\omega \label{21}\]
Drawing from our experience with the particle in a box, we might surmise that the first excited state of the harmonic oscillator would be a function similar to Equation \(\ref{20}\), but with a node at \(x=0\), say,
\[\psi_{1}(x)=const x e^{-\alpha x^{2}/2} \label{22}\]
This is orthogonal to \(\psi_0(x)\) by symmetry and is indeed an eigenfunction with the eigenvalue
Continuing the process, we try a function with two nodes
\[\psi_{2}= const (x^{2}-a) e^{-\alpha x^{2}/2} \label{24}\]
Using the integrals tabulated in the Supplement 5, on Gaussian Integrals, we determine that with \(a=\dfrac{1}{2}\) makes \(\psi_{2}(x)\) orthogonal to \(\psi_{0}(x)\) and \(\psi_{1}(x)\). We verify that this is another eigenfunction, corresponding to
The general result, which follows from a more advanced mathematical analysis, gives the following formula for the normalized eigenfunctions:
\[\psi_{n}(x)=(\dfrac{\sqrt{\alpha}}{2^{n}n!\sqrt{\pi}})^{1/2} H_{n}(\sqrt{\alpha}x) e^{-\alpha x^{2}/2} \label{26}\]
where \(H_{n}(\xi)\) represents the Hermite polynomial of degree \(n\). The first few Hermite polynomials are
\[H_{0}(\xi)=1\]
\[H_{1}(\xi)=2\xi\]
\[H_{2}(\xi)=4\xi^{2}-2\]
\[H_{3}(\xi)=8\xi^{3}-12\xi \label{27}\]
The four lowest harmonic-oscillator eigenfunctions are plotted in Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\). Note the topological resemblance to the corresponding particle-in-a-box eigenfunctions.
Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): Harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions for n=0, 1, 2, 3.
The eigenvalues are given by the simple formula
\[E_{n}=\left(n+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\hbar\omega \label{28}\]
These are drawn in Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\), on the same scale as the potential energy. The ground-state energy \(E_{0}=\dfrac{1}{2}\hbar\omega\) is greater than the classical value of zero, again a consequence of the uncertainty principle. This means that the oscillator is always oscillating.
It is remarkable that the difference between successive energy eigenvalues has a constant value
\[\Delta E=E_{n+1}-E_{n}=\hbar\omega=h\nu \label{29}\]
This is reminiscent of Planck's formula for the energy of a photon. It comes as no surprise then that the quantum theory of radiation has the structure of an assembly of oscillators, with each oscillator representing a mode of electromagnetic waves of a specified frequency.
Seymour Blinder (Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Physics at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor)
Anharmonic Oscillator
Kinetic Isotope Effects


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Collage by María Escalona
Youtube Channels to Watch if You are Passionate About Art
María Escalona and India-Lynn Upshaw-Ruffner December 14 2021
Looking for some new art content to binge? Check out this list of art focused YouTube channels!
If you're an art enthusiast, you undoubtedly seek out art related content in many different facets of your life. This, of course, includes YouTube videos. YouTube is one of the most popular video sharing platforms on the internet. As such, it is full of art related content for you to enjoy. However, with so much content, it may be difficult for you to weed out the best videos to watch. Fear not! We've compiled a list of the best YouTube channels to watch if you are passionate about art.
The Business of Art: As artists, knowing how to create art is essential. For those of us involved in an artistic craft, we usually are pretty well versed in what we specialize in, whether that's painting, writing music, dancing, etc. But one thing many artists struggle with is the actual BUSINESS of art.
Once you create art, how do you sell it? How do you market yourself? How do you become known? How do you make a living off of art? This channel aims to help you learn how to make a business out of your art. If you're looking for tips on how to sell your art, "The Business of Art" is a great place to start.
ArtResin: ArtResin™ is unquestionably the best 2-part epoxy resin product for your artwork, photography, and creative projects. Their YouTube channel features videos showing you how to best utilize their products. This is extremely helpful for any artists looking to start using resin in their work.
Art21: Art21 is a celebrated global leader in presenting thought-provoking and sophisticated content about contemporary art. It is the go-to place to learn skills firsthand from artists of our time. A nonprofit organization, Art21's mission is to inspire a more creative world through the works and words of contemporary artists.
Art21 produces several film series, including: "Art in the Twenty-First Century," a Peabody Award-winning, Emmy-nominated, PBS-broadcast television series; "Extended Play," the first and longest-running digital series committed to documenting the lives and works of contemporary artists; and "New York Close Up," an acclaimed digital series profiling early career artists living and working in New York City.
The Art Assignment: The Art Assignment is a weekly PBS Digital Studios production hosted by curator Sarah Urist Green. They explore art and art history through the lens of things happening today.
Baumgartner Restoration: This YouTube channel delves into professional art restoration. Discover the behind the scenes of what a professional painting restorer does to keep treasured artworks beautiful. You can watch the videos with narration exploring the step by step process of restoration, or choose to watch the calming ASMR versions.
Crash Course: This educational channel covers a wide range of topics in episodic series that take deep dives into a particular subject. One course that may be of interest to art lovers is their series on media literacy. This series helps both artists and art lovers alike learn ways to understand and decode the artworks they make and purchase. Bidgala also has a helpful article that explainshow to read a painting, for those looking to engage further with the artworks they are buying for their homes.
Smarthistory: Smarthistory is a channel made by Khan Academy that focuses exclusively on analyzing artworks throughout history. If you're an art enthusiast with a shorter attention span, this channel might be just for you. Their videos are short, bite sized analyses of an artwork and the context in which it was made.
Nerdwriter1: This channel posts well crafted and intriguing video essays weekly . The video essays cover many great artworks and topics, such as the life of Picasso, or a deepdive into Cézanne's notable paintings. This channel also has many video essays on other visual art mediums, such as film, but also on other topics in pop culture.
Art in Color: This channel focuses on the history of art from within the BIPOC community. Art in Color features a collection of videos made by curator and cultural writer Jaelynn Walls. It's a new channel hoping to expand its scope to worldwide art from the community of color, but it focuses on American art for now. This is the perfect way for art enthusiasts to learn more about the diversity found in the art world that is often omitted from gallery walls.
Negative Feedback: Tutorials, vlogs, and fun photography challenges are what this channel is all about. If you're an art lover interested in photography and how it works, but also interested in learning more about what the life of a photographer is like, this channel has no shortage of content for photography enthusiasts to enjoy!
Little Art Talks: Are you really into art, and always hear terms like chiaroscuro, iconography, or ready-made flying around, and you're not quite sure what they mean? Little Art Talks features short deep dive videos into specific terms in the art world, allowing you to learn more about your love for art. This is a great channel to check out if you'd like to familiarize yourself with artistic language.
Great Art Explained: As the title suggests, this is a channel that deconstructs history's most famous and infamous artworks. For art lovers looking to expand their knowledge of art history, this is the perfect channel to start with. Whether you'd like to learn more about Frida Khalo, the history behind the making of the Mona Lisa, or how to understand Gustav Klimt's The Kiss, this channel explores topics in art history in 15 minutes or less. Perfect for art lovers on the go!
Solar Sands: Solar Sands is a channel that creates captivating videos on a variety of topics in pop culture, such as phobias, film culture,and art tropes. The channel's art videos are especially interesting, as this creator really takes an in depth look at a specific topic in art. Some examples include Michelangelo's unfinished sculptures, or Jackson Pollock's non drip paintings.
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wlande199925 replied 1 month, 2 weeks ago So hard to find good youtube channels! Thanks!


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NPR Offers Its Reporters 'Trump Training' to Handle Safety Threats
Donald Trump's campaign events have apparently become such a minefield for reporters that one major news organization has taken the extraordinary step of offering its correspondents a version of training for dealing with real minefields.
NPR has sent its political reporters to 90-minute hostile-environment awareness training, which in its typical form lasts a few days and prepares journalists for covering war zones or regions where terrorists are active.
News organizations, government agencies and nongovernmental organizations generally employ this type of training to help employees respond to hazards such as riots, mortar attacks, kidnappings or firefights.
In this case, NPR's scaled-down sessions might be called Trump Training. READ MORE
Featured Image: Protestors disrupt a campaign rally for Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump at Lenoir-Rhyne University March 14, 2016 in Hickory, North Carolina. The North Carolina Republican primary will be held March 15. (Photo by Sean Rayford/Getty Images)


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Fareportal's CheapOair and Travelong Brands Receive 10 Million Dollar Sales Award from China Airlines
June 28, 2017 /0 Comments/in Press Releases /by Public Relations Team
Next generation travel company recognized as a top performer by Asian airline partner
Fareportal, a leading travel technology company, was recently awarded the 10 Million Dollar Sales Award from China Airlines recognizing outstanding sales performance by the company's CheapOair and Travelong brands. This award is given annually to acknowledge the top sellers of China Airlines tickets over the past year.
Meiyin Lin, Shirley C.H. Yang, and Richard Mei of China Airlines present Sanjay Hathiramani of Fareportal with the 10 Million Dollar Sales Award.
China Airlines operates non-stop flights to Taipei from five North American gateways including Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, Vancouver and Honolulu.
"We are extremely delighted receive the 10 Million Dollar Sales Award from China Airlines," said Sanjay Hathiramani, Global Senior Vice President of Supplier Relations at Fareportal. "This is a testament of the strong relationship we have with China Airlines. At Fareportal, we continue to invest in our staff, products, and technology and in doing so, we are developing a highly acclaimed next-generation travel concierge experience."
"We team together like tail stabilizers to a plane to complete the details of an excellent passenger experience," said Shirley C.H. Yang, General Manager Eastern USA at China Airlines. "This 10 Million Dollar plaque is presented with the respect and gratitude of China Airlines. We appreciate Fareportal's continuous support and dedication and look forward to reaching new heights of achievement."
Fareportal is a travel technology company powering a next generation travel concierge service. Utilizing its innovative technology and company owned and operated global contact centers, Fareportal has built strong industry partnerships providing customers access to over 450 airlines, 1 million hotels, and hundreds of car rental companies around the globe. With a portfolio of consumer travel brands including CheapOair and OneTravel, Fareportal enables consumers to book online, on mobile apps for iOS and Android, by phone, or live chat. Fareportal provides its airline partners with access to a broad customer base that books high-yielding international travel and add-on ancillaries.
http://www.fareportal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/fp-logo.png 0 0 Public Relations Team http://www.fareportal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/fp-logo.png Public Relations Team2017-06-28 17:19:342017-06-28 17:19:43Fareportal's CheapOair and Travelong Brands Receive 10 Million Dollar Sales Award from China Airlines
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text:
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	'messages:inbox' => "Boîte de réception",
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	'messages:yours' => "Votre message",
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


This polished billet aluminum plate allows your off road vehicle registration green sticker to be mounted in an easy to access location that is visible for law enforcement officers to see. The plate is designed to allow you to mount the plate with a clamp that is mounted on a either a vertical or horizontal roll bar. The mounting clamp is sold separately but can be used with both standard and mini bracket clamps. Comes with two Allen screws. Made in the USA.


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Book Discoveries this Week: The Friendship Doll and The Cricket in Times Square June 7, 2012
Today Miss M and I did something we haven't done in a long time – we actually had extensive read-aloud time during the day instead of just at bedtime! With the slower pace of summer (and the boys otherwise occupied playing), we hung out on the couch and read. Then we moved our reading outside to a blanket under a tree while baby J enjoyed playing with his toys on the blanket with us. When Mr. K was a baby (and Miss M was not yet reading chapter books on her own), Miss M and I would spend what seemed like hours reading almost every afternoon. Maybe I should get a "patience" award for the fact that I read her dozens of the "Rainbow Magic" fairy books that she just loved during that year. 😉
Luckily Miss M's taste for read-alouds has improved drastically in the past two or three years. Today we were finishing up "The Cricket in Times Square" by George Selden. This was a relatively straight-forward read that Miss M could have accomplished on her own, but since I had never read it, I decided to select it as a read aloud. The chapters are short and had our schedule been typical over the past two weeks, I think we would have finished it quickly. But our life has been consumed by busy weekends and evening swimming lessons the past two weeks, very much disrupting our usual bedtime schedules.
In The Cricket in Times Square, Chester Cricket accidentally makes his way from Connecticut to New York City trapped in a picnic basket. He finds himself in the Times Square subway station, and becomes the pet of a young boy named Mario, and a friend of a mouse and a cat. Chester turns out to be no ordinary cricket — he has musical talent and uses it to bring joy to those around him. This was a pretty straightforward story of friendship and finding out what truly makes one happy.
Miss M asked if this book was one of a series, and I replied that no, I didn't think it was. However a quick search on Amazon just informed me otherwise! Selden wrote a few other books about Chester and his friends! I think I'll be reserving those for Miss M at our library.
Prior to finishing The Cricket in Times Square, we read The Friendship Doll by Kirby Larson. I was just too busy packing for a camping trip to write about it last week. 🙂 Another book in the "dolls that have a life of their own" sub-genre, this story features Miss Kanagawa, a rather large handmade doll from Japan that is sent to America with a whole group of Japanese dolls to serve as ambassadors of goodwill in the late 1920s. The Friendship Doll alternates from a 3rd person narrator's point of view, telling the story of four different girls who come in contact with Miss Kanagawa over the years, and a first person point of view of Miss Kanagawa relating her experiences. Miss Kanagawa doesn't quite have the charm or grand historical scope of Hitty (a favorite of ours from this sub-genre this year), but it has a lot of depth.
Bunny, the first girl in the story to cross paths with Miss Kanagawa is a bit of a spoiled brat who learns a lesson about friendship and stepping into the shoes of others in the late 1920s. The following three girls are in a bit more desperate situations. These three girls all live during the Great Depression. Themes of economic hardship, poverty, discrimination, sickness and death are all touched upon as Miss Kanagawa influences the lives of three girls in three very different situations. For a while in the middle of The Friendship Doll, I was beginning to think that the subjects were getting too heavy for me to really enjoy this book. I must admit that at this stage of life I am really preferring books that are a bit more "light and happy" in general. But I pushed on through my doubts and was finding myself moved by Miss Kanagawa and the lives she touches.
Miss M didn't seem bothered by the heavy themes in this book, though I am glad we didn't read it any sooner in the school year than we did. She was excited to hear about each of the girls in the story, though she wished that more of the story had been told from the doll's vantage point (the sections written in the doll's "voice" are really a pretty minor percentage of the book as a whole).
Finishing The Cricket in Times Square marked the completion of our 25th read-aloud for this school year! We'll be taking a bit of a different turn with our read-alouds this summer by working on a series together. (I was going to make that change after Friendship Doll since we completed that at about the same time as our actual school year, but I just couldn't resist making it 25!). This summer Miss M and I are going to start the "Rose" series of Little House books that follows the life of the daughter of Laura Ingalls Wilder. We'll read those until we finish the series, the fall arrives or we get bored of it I guess…whichever comes first!
I'm linking up with Read-Aloud Thursday @ Hope is the Word!
One Response to "Book Discoveries this Week: The Friendship Doll and The Cricket in Times Square"
Wonderful! I'm finding it difficult to do extended read-alouds, too, mostly because I read while the kiddos are finishing up lunch, and by then the toddler is d.o.n.e. I gave The Friendship Doll to my eldest to read on her own and i think she liked it well enough, but I sometimes wonder if these more serious books are sometimes lost on them at such young ages. My girls have listened to A Cricket in Times Square numerous times, though I confess I've never read it. 🙂


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Paper Count: 6139
Search results for: Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV16)
6139 Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E4 Gene Variation as Risk Factor for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Yudi Zhao, Ziyun Zhou, Yueting Yao, Shuying Dai, Zhiling Yan, Longyu Yang, Chuanyin Li, Li Shi, Yufeng Yao
HPV16 E4 gene plays an important role in viral genome amplification and release. Therefore, a variation of the E4 gene nucleic acid sequence may affect the carcinogenicity of HPV16. In order to understand the relationship between the variation of HPV16 E4 gene and cervical cancer, this study was to amplify and sequence the DNA sequences of E4 genes in 118 HPV16-positive cervical cancer patients and 151 HPV16-positive asymptomatic individuals. After obtaining E4 gene sequences, the phylogenetic trees were constructed by the Neighbor-joining method for gene variation analysis. The results showed that: 1) The distribution of HPV16 variants between the case group and the control group differed greatly (P = 0.015),and the Asian-American(AA)variant was likely to relate to the occurrence of cervical cancer. 2) DNA sequence analysis showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of 8 variants between the case group and the control group (P < 0.05). And 3) In European (EUR) variant, two variations, C3384T (L18L) and A3449G (P39P), were associated with the initiation and development of cervical cancer. The results suggested that the variation of HPV16 E4 gene may be a contributor affecting the occurrence as well as the development of cervical cancer, and different HPV16 variants may have different carcinogenic capability.
Keywords: cervical cancer, HPV16, E4 gene, variations
6138 Real-Time Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Human Papillomavirus 16 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Suharni Mohamad Suharni Mohamad, Nurul Izzati Hamzan Nurul Izzati Hamzan, Norhayu Abdul Rahman Norhayu Abdul Rahman, Siti Suraiya Md Noor Siti Suraiya Md Noor
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important risk factor for development of oral cancer. HPV16 is the most common type found in HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, we established a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (real-time LAMP) for detection of HPV16. A set of six primers was specially designed to recognize eight distinct sequences of HPV16-E6. Detection and quantification was achieved by real-time monitoring using a real-time turbidimeter based on threshold time required for turbidity in the LAMP reaction. LAMP reagents (MgSO4, dNTPs, Bst polymerase concentrations) and various incubation times and temperatures were optimized. The sensitivity was determined using 10-fold serial dilutions of HPV16 standard strain. The specificity of was evaluated using other HPV genotypes. The optimized method was established with specifically designed primers by real-time detection in approximately 30 min at 65°C. The limit of detection of HPV16 using the LAMP assay was 10 pg/ml that could be detected in 30 min. The LAMP assay was 10 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR in detecting HPV16. No cross-reactivity with other HPV genotypes was observed. This quantitative real-time LAMP assay may improve diagnostic potential for the detection and quantification of HPV16 in clinical samples and epidemiological studies due to its rapidity, simplicity, high sensitivity and specificity. This assay will be further evaluated with HPV DNAs of saliva from patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Acknowledgement: This study was financially supported by the ScienceFund Grant, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (305/PPSG/6113219).
Keywords: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), rapid detection
6137 Prevalence of High Risk Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Dysplasia and Cancer Samples from Twin Cities in Pakistan
Authors: Sana Gul, Sheeba Murad, Aneela Javed
Introduction: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is small DNA virus mostly infecting mucosa and cutaneous keratinocytes. So far, more than 200 Human papillomaviruses are known. HPV have been divided into high- and low-risk on the basis of their oncogenic potential. High risk HPV is considered to be the main etiological cause for cervical cancer. Objective: Current study was designed to screen the local cervical cancer patients from the twin cities of Pakistan for the occurance of high risk HPV. Methodology: A total of 67 formalin fixed paraffin-embedded samples of cervical cancer biopsies were obtained from the government hospitals in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Cervical cancer biopsies were examined for the presence of HPV DNA. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the amplification of a region in the HPV-L1 gene for the general detection of the Papilloma virus and for the genotype specific detection of high risk HPV 16 and 18 using the GP5/GP6 primers and genotype specific primers respectively. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 59 out of 67 samples analyzed. 30 samples showed the presence of HPV16 while 22 samples were positive for HPV 18 . HPV subtype could not be determined in 7 samples. Conclusion: Our results show a strong association between HPV infection and cervical cancer among women in twin cities of Pakistan. One way to minimize the disease burden in relation to HPV infection in Pakistani population is the use of prophylactic vaccines and routine screening. An early diagnosis of HPV infection will allow better health management to reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.
Keywords: cervical cancer, Pakistan, human papillomavirus, HPV 16
6136 Comparison of Sensitivity and Specificity of Pap Smear and Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods for Detection of Human Papillomavirus: A Review of Literature
Authors: M. Malekian, M. E. Heydari, M. Irani Estyar
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infection, which may lead to cervical cancer as the main cause of it. With early diagnosis and treatment in health care services, cervical cancer and its complications are considered to be preventable. This study was aimed to compare the efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity of Pap smear and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detecting HPV. A literature search was performed in Google Scholar, PubMed and SID databases using the keywords 'human papillomavirus', 'pap smear' and 'polymerase change reaction' to identify studies comparing Pap smear and PCR methods for the detection. No restrictions were considered.10 studies were included in this review. All samples that were positive by pop smear were also positive by PCR. However, there were positive samples detected by PCR which was negative by pop smear and in all studies, many positive samples were missed by pop smear technique. Although The Pap smear had high specificity, PCR based HPV detection was more sensitive method and had the highest sensitivity. In order to promote the quality of detection and high achievement of the maximum results, PCR diagnostic methods in addition to the Pap smear are needed and Pap smear method should be combined with PCR techniques according to the high error rate of Pap smear in detection.
Keywords: human papillomavirus, cervical cancer, pap smear, polymerase chain reaction
6135 Cancer of the Cervix Caused by HPV (Human papillomavirus) in Algerian Population
Authors: Sara Mouffouk, Fatma Belaid, Asma Hechani, Chaima Mouffouk
Cancer of the cervix caused by HPV (human papillomavirus ) is for many years a real public health problem, it is ranked 2nd deadly female cancer kills more than 270 000 women each year worldwide. In Algeria, the mortality of cervical cancer decreases with the impact, but the prognosis of these cancers remains bleak: The 5-year relative survival is 60 %. The mode of transmission is usually sexuel. Our study was undertaken to show the link between HPV and cervical cancer and the importance of Pap smear screening in this type of pathology. On the total sample, 76.11 % showed abnormal cervical smears of which 13% have mild cases and hormonal reaction Change, and 44% represent inflammatory smears and normal cases 35%, while long seven years from 2005 to 2012. Thus, 43% of abnormal smear results between ASCUS, AGUS, low and high grade carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and 57 % of other cases of unknown origin. The average age of women at risk of developing adenocarcinoma is 45-50 with a 67% to 33% of the same risk in women of age group 41-45 years although the percentage of cases of HPV infected patients was 2% in the past seven years. We found that with increasing age, the risk is argued. Due to several factors such as multiparty can reduced the resistance of the uterine epithelium and even as the multi that promotes contamination HPV causes repeated infections with HPV.
Keywords: cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) screening, prevention, vaccines
6134 Phylogenetic Study of L1 Protein Human Papillomavirus Type 16 From Cervical Cancer Patients in Bandung
Authors: Fitri Rahmi Fadhilah, Edhyana Sahiratmadja, Ani Melani Maskoen, Ratu Safitri, Supartini Syarif, Herman Susanto
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women after breast cancer. In Indonesia, the incidence of cervical cancer cases is estimated at 25-40 per 100,000 women per year. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical cancer, and HPV-16 is the most common genotype that infects the cervical tissue. The major late protein L1 may be associated with infectivity and pathogenicity and its variation can be used to classify HPV isolates. The aim of this study was to determine the phylogenetic tree of HPV 16 L1 gene from cervical cancer patient isolates in Bandung. After confirming HPV-16 by Linear Array Genotyping Test, L1 gene was amplified using specific primers and subject for sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that HPV 16 from Bandung was in the subgroup of Asia and East Asia, showing the close host-agent relationship among the Asian type.
Keywords: L1 HPV 16, cervical cancer, bandung, phylogenetic
6133 Expression of Human Papillomavirus Type 18 L1 Virus-Like Particles in Methylotropic Yeast, Pichia Pastoris
Authors: Hossein Rassi, Marjan Moradi Fard, Samaneh Niko
Human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 are closely associated with the development of human cervical carcinoma, which is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women worldwide. At present, HPV type 18 accounts for about 34 % of all HPV infections in Iran and the most promising vaccine against HPV infection is based on the L1 major capsid protein. The L1 protein of HPV18 has the capacity to self-assemble into capsomers or virus-like particles (VLPs) that are non-infectious, highly immunogenic and allowing their use in vaccine production. The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is an efficient and inexpensive expression system used to produce high levels of heterologous proteins. In this study we expressed HPV18 L1 VLPs in P. pastoris. The gene encoding the major capsid protein L1 of the high-risk HPV type 18 was isolated from Iranian patient by PCR and inserted into pTG19-T vector to obtain the recombinant expression vector pTG19-HPV18-L1. Then, the pTG19-HPV18-L1 was transformed into E. coli strain DH5α and the recombinant protein HPV18 L1 was expressed under IPTG induction in soluble form. The HPV18 L1 gene was excised from recombinant plasmid with XhoI and EcoRI enzymes and ligated into the yeast expression vector pPICZα linearized with the same enzymes, and transformed into P. pastoris. Induction and expression of HPV18 L1 protein was demonstrated by BMGY/BMMY and RT PCR. The parameters for induced cultivation for strain in P. pastoris KM71 with HPV16L1 were investigated in shaking flask cultures. After induced cultivation BMMY (pH 7.0) medium supplemented with methanol to a final concentration of 1.0% every 24 h at 37 degrees C for 96 h, the recombinant produced 78.6 mg/L of L1 protein. This work offers the possibility for the production of prophylactic vaccine for cervical carcinoma by P. pastoris for HPV-18 L1 gene. The VLP-based HPV vaccines can prevent persistent HPV18 infections and cervical cancer in Iran. The HPV-18 L1 gene was expressed successfully in E.coli, which provides necessary basis for preparing HPV-18 L1 vaccine in human. Also, HPV type 6 L1 proteins expressed in Pichia pastoris will facilitate the HPV vaccine development and structure-function study.
Keywords: Pichia pastoris, L1 virus-like particles, human papillomavirus type 18, biotechnology
6132 Sequence Analysis of the Effect of HPV-16 E1 Variation on Cervical Carcinogenesis
Authors: Fern Baedyananda, Arkom Chaiwongkot, Somchai Niruthisard, Nakarin Kitkumthorn, Parvapan Bhattarakosol
High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections cause transformation of the host cells by down-regulating and inhibiting host regulatory proteins such as p53 and pRb by overexpressing the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. However, the E1 protein which is the only enzyme encoded by HPV has also been shown to cause DNA instability leading to the integration of the virus into the host genome and triggering carcinogenic events. A 63bp duplication in the E1 helicase region has been detected in European patients. However, the clinical prognosis of these patients is still controversial. This study was performed to determine the presence of the HPV-16 E1 63bp duplication in patient cervical samples in Thai women and determine the sequence of the variant in the Thai population. Detection of the HPV-16 E1 duplication in the helicase region was performed in 90 patient cell samples across normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I-III, and squamous cervical carcinoma stages by PCR. The PCR products were purified and sequenced to determine the presence of duplication variants.The variant form was found in 10% of all CIN 1 patients. In this study, the presence of the 63 bp duplication variant in the Thai population was found to be present and was further characterized. Interestingly, all samples that exhibited the variant form of HPV-16 E1 were classified as CIN I. Presence of the variant, constricted to mild dysplasia signifies the importance of HPV-16 E1 in carcinogenesis.
Keywords: carcinogenesis, cervical cancer, human papillomavirus, HPV-16 E1
6131 Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Cervical Cancer in Women of the North of Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Estefania Ponce-Amaya, Ana Lidia Arellano-Ortiz, Cecilia Diaz-Hernandez, Jose Alberto Lopez-Diaz, Antonio De La Mora-Covarrubias, Claudia Lucia Vargas-Requena, Mauricio Salcedo-Vargas, Florinda Jimenez-Vega
Cervical Cancer (CC) is the second leading cause of death among women worldwide and it had been associated with a persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV). The goal of the current study was to identify the prevalence of HPV infection in women with abnormal Pap smear who were attended at Dysplasia Clinic of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Methods: Cervical samples from 146 patients, who attended the Colposcopy Clinic at Sanitary Jurisdiction II of Cd Juarez, were collected for histopathology and molecular study. DNA was isolated for the HPV detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using MY09/011 and GP5/6 primers. The associated risk factors were assessed by a questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, using EpiINFO V7 software. Results: HPV infection was present in 142 patients (97.3 %). The prevalence of HPV infection was distributed in a 96% of all evaluated groups, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HISIL) and CC. We found a statistical significance (α = <0.05) between gestation and number of births as risk factors. The median values showed an ascending tend according with the lesion progression. However, CC showed a statistically significant difference with respect to the pre-carcinogenic stages. Conclusions: In these Mexican patients exists a high prevalence of HPV infection, and for that reason, we are studying the most prevalent HPV genotypes in this population.
Keywords: cervical cancer, HPV, prevalence hpv, squamous intraepithelial lesion
6130 Pre-Cancerigene Injuries Related to Human Papillomavirus: Importance of Cervicography as a Complementary Diagnosis Method
Authors: Denise De Fátima Fernandes Barbosa, Tyane Mayara Ferreira Oliveira, Diego Jorge Maia Lima, Paula Renata Amorim Lessa, Ana Karina Bezerra Pinheiro, Cintia Gondim Pereira Calou, Glauberto Da Silva Quirino, Hellen Lívia Oliveira Catunda, Tatiana Gomes Guedes, Nicolau Da Costa
The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of Digital Cervicography (DC) in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, of evaluative type, held in a health unit linked to the Pro Dean of Extension of the Federal University of Ceará, in the period of July to August 2015 with a sample of 33 women. Data collecting was conducted through interviews with enforcement tool. Franco (2005) standardized the technique used for DC. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to identify high-risk HPV genotypes. DC were evaluated and classified by 3 judges. The results of DC and PCR were classified as positive, negative or inconclusive. The data of the collecting instruments were compiled and analyzed by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with descriptive statistics and cross-references. Sociodemographic, sexual and reproductive variables were analyzed through absolute frequencies (N) and their respective percentage (%). Kappa coefficient (κ) was applied to determine the existence of agreement between the DC of reports among evaluators with PCR and also among the judges about the DC results. The Pearson's chi-square test was used for analysis of sociodemographic, sexual and reproductive variables with the PCR reports. It was considered statistically significant (p<0.05). Ethical aspects of research involving human beings were respected, according to 466/2012 Resolution. Regarding the socio-demographic profile, the most prevalent ages and equally were those belonging to the groups 21-30 and 41-50 years old (24.2%). The brown color was reported in excess (84.8%) and 96.9% out of them had completed primary and secondary school or studying. 51.5% were married, 72.7% Catholic, 54.5% employed and 48.5% with income between one and two minimum wages. As for the sexual and reproductive characteristics, prevailed heterosexual (93.9%) who did not use condoms during sexual intercourse (72.7%). 51.5% had a previous history of Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI), and HPV the most prevalent STI (76.5%). 57.6% did not use contraception, 78.8% underwent examination Cancer Prevention Uterus (PCCU) with shorter time interval or equal to one year, 72.7% had no cases of Cervical Cancer in the family, 63.6% were multiparous and 97% were not vaccinated against HPV. DC identified good level of agreement between raters (κ=0.542), had a specificity of 77.8% and sensitivity of 25% when compared their results with PCR. Only the variable race showed a statistically significant association with CRP (p=0.042). DC had 100% acceptance amongst women in the sample, revealing the possibility of other experiments in using this method so that it proves as a viable technique. The DC positivity criteria were developed by nurses and these professionals also perform PCCU in Brazil, which means that DC can be an important complementary diagnostic method for the appreciation of these professional's quality of examinations.
Keywords: gynecological examination, human papillomavirus, nursing, papillomavirus infections, uterine lasmsneop
6129 Bacterial Diversity in Vaginal Microbiota in Patients with Different Levels of Cervical Lesions Related to Human Papillomavirus Infection
Authors: Michelle S. Pereira, Analice C. Azevedo, Julliane D. Medeiros, Ana Claudia S. Martins, Didier S. Castellano-Filho, Claudio G. Diniz, Vania L. Silva
Vaginal microbiota is a complex ecosystem, composed by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, living in a dynamic equilibrium. Lactobacillus spp. are predominant in vaginal ecosystem, and factors such as immunity and hormonal variations may lead to disruptions, resulting in proliferation of opportunistic pathogens. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial syndrome, caused by an increasing of anaerobic bacteria replacing Lactobacillus spp. Microorganisms such as Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus spp., and Atopobium vaginae can be found in BV, which may also be associated to other infections such as by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is highly prevalent in sexually active women, and is considered a risk factor for development of cervical cancer. As long as few data is available on vaginal microbiota of women with HPV-associated cervical lesions, our objectives were to evaluate the diversity in vaginal ecosystem in these women. To all patients, clinical and socio-demographic data were collected after gynecological examination. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee from Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Vaginal secretion and cervical scraping were collected. Gram-stained smears were evaluated to establish Nugent score for BV determination. Viral and bacterial DNA obtained was used as template for HPV genotyping (PCR) and bacterial fingerprint (REP-PCR). In total 31 patients were included (mean age 35 and 93.6% sexually active). The Nugent score showed that 38.7% were BV. From the medical records, Pap smear tests showed that 32.3% had low grade squamous epithelial lesion (LSIL), 29% had high grade squamous epithelial lesion (HSIL), 25.8% had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and 12.9% with atypical squamous cells that would not exclude high-grade lesion (ASC-H). All participants were HPV+. HPV-16 was the most frequent (87.1%), followed by HPV-18 (61.3%). HPV-31, HPV-52 and HPV-58 were also detected. Coinfection HPV-16/HPV-18 was observed in 75%. In the 18-30 age group, HPV-16 was detected in 40%, and HPV-16/HPV-18 coinfection in 35%. HPV-16 was associated to 30% of ASC-H and 20% of HSIL patients. BV was observed in 50% of HPV-16+ participants and in 45% of HPV-16/HPV-18+. Fingerprints of bacterial communities showed clusters with low similarity suggesting high heterogeneity in vaginal microbiota within the sampled group. Overall, the data is worrisome once cervical-cancer highly risk-associated HPV-types were identified. The high microbial diversity observed may be related to the different levels of cellular lesions, and different physiological conditions of the participants (age, social behavior, education). Further prospective studies are needed to better address correlations and BV and microbial imbalance in vaginal ecosystems which would be related to the different cellular lesions in women with HPV infections. Supported by FAPEMIG, CNPq, CAPES, PPGCBIO/UFJF.
Keywords: human papillomavirus, bacterial vaginosis, bacterial diversity, cervical cancer
6128 Application of Topical Imiquimod for Treatment Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Young Women: A Preliminary Result of a Pilot Study
Authors: Phill-Seung Jung, Dae-Yeon Kim
Objectives: In young, especially nulliparous women, it is not easy to decide on excisional therapy for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We aimed to evaluate how effective topical imiquimod is in the treatment of high-grade CIN so that excisional therapy can be avoided in young women. Methods: Patients with CIN were allocated to this pilot study. They did not want excisional therapy and agreed with topical imiquimod therapy, which required once-a-week hospital visit for 8 weeks for the application of imiquimod to the cervix by a gynecologic oncologist. If the lesion got worse during treatment, it was decided to convert imiquimod therapy to excisional therapy. Results: A total of 36 patients with a median age of 29 years (range, 22–41 years) agreed to receive topical imiquimod therapy. Of these, 32 patients (88.9%) were positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV). Twenty-five patients (69.4%) had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 11 (30.6%) had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) on their initial LBC. Twenty-eight patients underwent punch biopsy, which showed CIN 1 in 7 (19.4%), CIN 2 in 11 (30.6%), and CIN 3 in 10 (27.8%) patients. Twenty patients finished the 8-week imiquimod therapy. Among them, 14 patients had CIN 2 or 3, and 6 patients had CIN 1. HR HPV was positive in 12 patients. On the last examination, 14 patients (70.0%) had negative intraepithelial lesions, 3 (15.0%) had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, and 1 (5.0%) had LSIL. Two patients had persistent HSIL: 1 patient underwent loop electrosurgical excision procedure, resulting in CIN 3 with positive resection margin, and the other patient underwent punch biopsy, resulting in intermediate cells and restarted imiquimod therapy. Only 7 patients were negative for HR HPV. Conclusions: This study showed that topical imiquimod therapy was effective for the treatment of high-grade CIN, with a histologic regression rate of 85.7% (14/20) and HPV eradication rate of 25.0% (8/32). Based on our findings, topical imiquimod therapy might have a successful therapeutic effect in young women with CIN 2-3 so that they can avoid excisional therapy. In addition, it could be a more reassuring treatment option for CIN 1 than just follow-up after few months. To confirm its efficacy, a phase II study with larger cohort would be needed.
Keywords: Imiquimod, Cervical Intraepthelial Neoplasia, Cervical Dysplasia, Human Papillomavirus
6127 Human Security and Human Trafficking Related Corruption
Authors: Ekin D. Horzum
The aim of the proposal is to examine the relationship between human trafficking related corruption and human security. The proposal suggests that the human trafficking related corruption is about willingness of the states to turn a blind eye to the human trafficking cases. Therefore, it is important to approach human trafficking related corruption in terms of human security and human rights violation to find an effective way to fight against human trafficking. In this context, the purpose of this proposal is to examine the human trafficking related corruption as a safe haven in which trafficking thrives for perpetrators.
Keywords: human trafficking, human security, human rights, corruption, organized crime
6126 Genomic Characterisation of Equine Sarcoid-derived Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1 and 2 Using Nanopore-Based Sequencing
Authors: Lien Gysens, Bert Vanmechelen, Maarten Haspeslagh, Piet Maes, Ann Martens
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types 1 and 2 play a central role in the etiology of the most common neoplasm in horses, the equine sarcoid. The unknown mechanism behind the unique variety in a clinical presentation on the one hand and the host-dependent clinical outcome of BPV-1 infection, on the other hand, indicate the involvement of additional factors. Earlier studies have reported the potential functional significance of intratypic sequence variants, along with the existence of sarcoid-sourced BPV variants. Therefore, intratypic sequence variation seems to be an important emerging viral factor. This study aimed to give a broad insight in sarcoid-sourced BPV variation and explore its potential association with disease presentation. In order to do this, a nanopore sequencing approach was successfully optimized for screening a wide spectrum of clinical samples. Specimens of each tumour were initially screened for BPV-1/-2 by quantitative real-time PCR. A custom-designed primer set was used on BPV-positive samples to amplify the complete viral genome in two multiplex PCR reactions, resulting in a set of overlapping amplicons. For phylogenetic analysis, separate alignments were made of all available complete genome sequences for BPV-1/-2. The resulting alignments were used to infer Bayesian phylogenetic trees. We found substantial genetic variation among sarcoid-derived BPV-1, although this variation could not be linked to disease severity. Several of the BPV-1 genomes had multiple major deletions. Remarkably, the majority of the cluster within the region coding for late viral genes. Together with the extensiveness (up to 603 nucleotides) of the described deletions, this suggests an altered function of L1/L2 in disease pathogenesis. By generating a significant amount of complete-length BPV genomes, we succeeded in introducing next-generation sequencing into veterinary research focusing on the equine sarcoid, thus facilitating the first report of both nanopore-based sequencing of complete sarcoid-sourced BPV-1/-2 and the simultaneous nanopore sequencing of multiple complete genomes originating from a single clinical sample.
Keywords: Bovine papillomavirus, equine sarcoid, horse, nanopore sequencing, phylogenetic analysis
6125 Synchronous Carcinoma Cervix with Vulvar Carcinoma in situ: A Case Report
Authors: Bhushan Bhalgat, Suresh Singh, Phanindra Swain, Kamal Kishore Lakhera
Carcinoma of cervix and carcinoma of vulva have been associated with common predisposing factors like human papillomavirus and smoking. Skip metastases and metachronous appearance of both these tumours have been reported. There is no case report showing synchronous appearance of these tumours in English literature. We herewith report a case report of a middle aged female patient who presented with per vaginal bleeding, and on examination, a cervical mass was palpable. Also, a proliferative growth was seen over her left vulva. Biopsy of both lesions came out to be squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ, respectively. A radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodal dissection was performed along with left simple vulvectomy. This thereby underscores that any lesion over vulva appearing during or after treatment of cervical carcinoma should be biopsied to rule out vulvar carcinoma.
Keywords: carcinoma of cervix, carcinoma of vulva, synchronous tumours, gynecological oncology
6124 Safety Profile of Human Papillomavirus Vaccines: A Post-Licensure Analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System, 2007-2017
Authors: Giulia Bonaldo, Alberto Vaccheri, Ottavio D'Annibali, Domenico Motola
The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) was shown to be the cause of different types of carcinomas, first of all of the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Since the early 80s to today, thanks first to the preventive screening campaigns (pap-test) and following to the introduction of HPV vaccines on the market; the number of new cases of cervical cancer has decreased significantly. The HPV vaccines currently approved are three: Cervarix® (HPV2 - virus type: 16 and 18), Gardasil® (HPV4 - 6, 11, 16, 18) and Gardasil 9® (HPV9 - 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58), which all protect against the two high-risk HPVs (6, 11) that are mainly involved in cervical cancers. Despite the remarkable effectiveness of these vaccines has been demonstrated, in the recent years, there have been many complaints about their risk-benefit profile due to Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI). The purpose of this study is to provide a support about the ongoing discussion on the safety profile of HPV vaccines based on real life data deriving from spontaneous reports of suspected AEFIs collected in the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS). VAERS is a freely-available national vaccine safety surveillance database of AEFI, co-administered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We collected all the reports between January 2007 to December 2017 related to the HPV vaccines with a brand name (HPV2, HPV4, HPV9) or without (HPVX). A disproportionality analysis using Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval and p value ≤ 0.05 was performed. Over the 10-year period, 54889 reports of AEFI related to HPV vaccines reported in VAERS, corresponding to 224863 vaccine-event pairs, were retrieved. The highest number of reports was related to Gardasil (n = 42244), followed by Gardasil 9 (7212) and Cervarix (3904). The brand name of the HPV vaccine was not reported in 1529 cases. The two events more frequently reported and statistically significant for each vaccine were: dizziness (n = 5053) ROR = 1.28 (CI95% 1.24 – 1.31) and syncope (4808) ROR = 1.21 (1.17 – 1.25) for Gardasil. For Gardasil 9, injection site pain (305) ROR = 1.40 (1.25 – 1.57) and injection site erythema (297) ROR = 1.88 (1.67 – 2.10) and for Cervarix, headache (672) ROR = 1.14 (1.06 – 1.23) and loss of consciousness (528) ROR = 1.71 (1.57 – 1.87). In total, we collected 406 reports of death and 2461 cases of permanent disability in the ten-year period. The events consisting of incorrect vaccine storage or incorrect administration were not considered. The AEFI analysis showed that the most frequently reported events are non-serious and listed in the corresponding SmPCs. In addition to these, potential safety signals arose regarding less frequent and severe AEFIs that would deserve further investigation. This already happened with the referral of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the adverse events POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) and CRPS (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome) associated with anti-papillomavirus vaccines.
Keywords: adverse drug reactions, pharmacovigilance, safety, vaccines
6123 Human Rights Abuse in the Garment Factory in Bekasi Indonesia
Authors: Manotar Tampubolon
Although the Indonesian human rights protection has increased in recent years, but human rights violations still occur in the industrial sector. Crimes against human rights continue to occur and go unnoticed in spite of the government's legislation on human rights, employment law in addition to an international treaty that has been ratified by Indonesia. The increasing number of garment companies in Bekasi, also give rise to increased human rights violations since the government does not have a commitment to protect it. The Indonesian government and industry owners should pay attention to and protect the human rights of workers and treat them accordingly. This paper will review the human rights violations experienced by workers at garment factories in the context of the law, as well as ideas to improve the protection of workers' rights.
Keywords: human rights protection, human rights violations, workers' rights, justice, security
6122 Human Smuggling and Turkey
Authors: Perihan Hazel Kaya, Mustafa Göktuğ Kaya
Turkey has been a busy destination for immigration and it will always be as it is the geographical and cultural exit door of the East and the entrance door of the West. Among these immigrations, we can see the victims of human trafficking, human smuggling, refugees and those who came here to work and live. Human smuggling, which is one of the movements of illegal immigration, is the specific subject of this work. The fact that our country lies on the transportation destinations between the continents of Asia, Europe and Africa, the crime of human smuggling is highly committed in our country. The aim of the victims of human smuggling is to go to a more developed country to have higher standards of living, to get a better job and to escape from the economic and social instability of their countries. The human smuggling, which has gathered pace due to the improvements in communication and transportation, is not a regional issue and has become one of the most important problems for almost all countries. Accordingly, the reasons, methods and extent of human smuggling will be dealt firstly. Later, it will be studied why Turkey is preffered in human smuggling. Finally, statistical data will be given to show how much human smuggling has gone far in Turkey and the study will be finished with that what is being done and what can be done to prevent it.
Keywords: human smuggling, immigration, immigrator, human trafficking, Turkey
6121 Preliminary Study of Human Reliability of Control in Case of Fire Based on the Decision Processes and Stress Model of Human in a Fire
Authors: Seung-Un Chae, Heung-Yul Kim, Sa-Kil Kim
This paper presents the findings of preliminary study on human control performance in case of fire. The relationship between human control and human decision is studied in decision processes and stress model of human in a fire. Human behavior aspects involved in the decision process during a fire incident. The decision processes appear that six of individual perceptual processes: recognition, validation, definition, evaluation, commitment, and reassessment. Then, human may be stressed in order to get an optimal decision for their activity. This paper explores problems in human control processes and stresses in a catastrophic situation. Thus, the future approach will be concerned to reduce stresses and ambiguous irrelevant information.
Keywords: human reliability, decision processes, stress model, fire
6120 Human Security as a Tool of Protecting International Human Rights Law
Authors: Arenca Trashani
20 years after its first entrance in a General Assembly of the United Nation's Resolution, human security has became a very important tool in a global debate affecting directly the whole main rules and regulations in international law and more closely in international human rights law. This paper will cover a very important issue of today at how the human security has its impact to the development of international human rights law, not as far as a challenge as it is seen up now but a tool of moving toward development and globalization. In order to analyze the impact of human security to the global agenda, we need to look to the main pillars of the international legal order which are affected by the human security in itself and its application in the policy making for this international legal order global and regional ones. This paper will focus, also, on human security, as a new and very important tool of measuring development, stability and the level of democratic consolidation and the respect for human rights especially in developing countries such as Albania. The states are no longer capable to monopolize the use of human security just within their boundaries and separated from the other principles of a functioning democracy. In this context, human security would be best guaranteed under the respect of the rule of law and democratization. During the last two decades the concept security has broadly developed, from a state-centric to a more human-centric approach: from state security to respect for human rights, to economic security, to environmental security as well. Last but not least we would see that human rights could be affected by human security not just at their promotion but also at their enforcement and mainly at the international institutions, which are entitled to promote and to protect human rights.
Keywords: human security, international human rights law, development, Albania, international law
6119 The Nexus between Counter Terrorism and Human Rights with a Perspective on Cyber Terrorism
Authors: Allan Munyao Mukuki
The nexus between terrorism and human rights has become a big challenge in the fight against terrorism globally. This is hinged on the fact that terrorism and human rights are interrelated to the extent that, when the former starts, the latter is violated. This direct linkage was recognised in the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action as adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna on 25 June 1993 which agreed that acts of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations are aimed at the destruction of human rights. Hence, terrorism constitutes an assault on our most basic human rights. To this end, the first part of this paper will focus on the nexus between terrorism and human rights and endeavors to draw a co-relation between these two concepts. The second part thereafter will analyse the emerging concept of cyber-terrorism and how it takes place. Further, an analysis of cyber counter-terrorism balanced as against human rights will also be undertaken. This will be done through the analysis of the concept of 'securitisation' of human rights as well as the need to create a balance between counterterrorism efforts as against the protection of human rights at all costs. The paper will then concludes with recommendations on how to balance counter-terrorism and human rights in the modern age.
Keywords: balance, counter-terrorism, cyber-terrorism, human rights, security, violation
6118 Resistance of African States Against the African Court on Human and People Rights (ACPHR)
Authors: Ayyoub Jamali
At the first glance, it seems that the African Court on Human and People's Rights has achieved a tremendous development in the protection of human rights in Africa. Since its first judgement in 2009, the court has taken a robust approach/ assertive stance, showing its strength by finding states to be in violation of the Africana Charter and other human rights treaties. This paper seeks to discuss various challenges and resistance that the Court has faced since the adoption of the Founding Protocol to the Establishment of the African Court on Human and People's Rights. The outcome of the paper casts shadow on the legitimacy and effectiveness of the African Court as the guarantor of human rights within the African continent.
Keywords: African Court on Human and People's Rights, African Union, African regional human rights system, compliance
6117 Importance of Human Resources Training in an Information Age
Authors: A. Serap Fırat
The aim of this study is to display conceptually the relationship and interaction between matter of human resources training and the information age. Fast development from industrial community to an information community has occurred and organizations have been seeking ways to overcome this change. Human resources policy and human capital with enhanced competence will have direct impact on work performance; therefore, this paper deals with the increased importance of human resource management due to the fact that it nurtures human capital. Researching and scanning are used as a method in this study. Both local and foreign literature and expert views are employed -as much as one could be- in the making of the theoretical framework of this study.
Keywords: human resources, information age, education, organization, occupation
6116 Impact of Human Resources Accounting on Employees' Performance in Organization
Authors: Hamid Saremi, Shida Hanafi
In an age of technology and economics, human capital has important and axial role in the organization and human resource accounting has a wide perception to key resources of organization i.e. human resources. Human resources accounting is new branch of accounting that has Short-lived and generally deals to a range of policies and measures that are related to various aspects of human resources and It gives importance to an organization's most important asset is its human resources and human resource management is the key to success in an organization and to achieve this important matter must review and evaluation of human resources data be with knowledge of accounting based on empirical studies and methods of measurement and reporting of human resources accounting information. Undoubtedly human resource management without information cannot be done and take decision and human resources accounting is practical way to inform the decision makers who are committed to harnessing human resources,, human resources accounting with applying accounting principles in the organization and is with conducting basic research on the extent of the of human resources accounting information" effect of employees' personal performance. In human resource accounting analysis and criteria and valuation of cost and manpower valuating is as the main resource in each Institute. Protection of human resources is a process that according to human resources accounting is for organization profitability. In fact, this type of accounting can be called as a major source in measurement and trends of costs and human resources valuation in each institution. What is the economic value of such assets? What is the amount of expenditures for education and training of professional individuals to value in asset account? What amount of funds spent should be considered as lost opportunity cost? In this paper, according to the literature of human resource accounting we have studied the human resources matter and its objectives and topic of the importance of human resource valuation on employee performance review and method of reporting of human resources according to different models.
Keywords: human resources, human resources, accounting, human capital, human resource management, valuation and cost of human resources, employees, performance, organization
6115 Human Dignity as a Source and Limitation of Personal Autonomy
Authors: Jan Podkowik
The article discusses issues of mutual relationships of human dignity and personal autonomy. According to constitutions of many countries and international human rights law, human dignity is a fundamental and inviolable value. It is the source of all freedoms and rights, including personal autonomy. Human dignity, as an inherent, inalienable and non-gradable value comprising an attribute of all people, justifies freedom of action according to one's will and following one's vision of good life. On the other hand, human dignity imposes immanent restrictions to personal autonomy regarding decisions on commercialization of the one's body, etc. It points to the paradox of dignity – the source of freedom and conditions (basic) of its limitations. The paper shows the theoretical concept of human dignity as an objective value among legal systems, determining the boundaries of legal protection of personal autonomy. It is not, therefore, the relevant perception of human dignity and freedom as opposite values. Reference point has been made the normative provisions of the Polish Constitution and the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms as well as judgments of constitutional courts.
Keywords: autonomy, constitution, human dignity, human rights
6114 Evaluation of P16, Human Papillomavirus Capsid Protein L1 and Ki67 in Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions: Potential Utility in Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Hanan Alsaeid Alshenawy
Background: Cervical dysplasia, which is potentially precancerous, has increased in young women. Detection of cervical is important for reducing morbidity and mortality in cervical cancer. This study analyzes the immunohistochemical expression of p16, HPV L1 capsid protein and Ki67 in cervical intraepithelial lesions and correlates them with lesion grade to develop a set of markers for diagnosis and detect the prognosis of cervical cancer precursors. Methods: 75 specimens were analyzed including 15 cases CIN 1, 28 CIN 2, 20 CIN 3, and 12 cervical squamous carcinoma, besides 10 normal cervical tissues. They were stained for p16, HPV L1 and Ki-67. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and accuracy were evaluated for each marker. Results: p16 expression increased during the progression from CIN 1 to carcinoma. HPV L1 positivity was detected in CIN 2 and decreased gradually as the CIN grade increased but disappear in carcinoma. Strong Ki-67 expression was observed with high grades CIN and carcinoma. p16, HPV L1 and Ki67 were sensitive but with variable specificity in detecting CIN lesions. Conclusions: p16, HPV L1 and Ki67 are useful set of markers in establishing the risk of high-grade CIN. They complete each other to reach accurate diagnosis and prognosis.
Keywords: p16, HPV L1, Ki67, CIN, cervical carcinoma
6113 Human Brain Organoids-on-a-Chip Systems to Model Neuroinflammation
Authors: Feng Guo
Human brain organoids, 3D brain tissue cultures derived from human pluripotent stem cells, hold promising potential in modeling neuroinflammation for a variety of neurological diseases. However, challenges remain in generating standardized human brain organoids that can recapitulate key physiological features of a human brain. Here, this study presents a series of organoids-on-a-chip systems to generate better human brain organoids and model neuroinflammation. By employing 3D printing and microfluidic 3D cell culture technologies, the study's systems enable the reliable, scalable, and reproducible generation of human brain organoids. Compared with conventional protocols, this study's method increased neural progenitor proliferation and reduced heterogeneity of human brain organoids. As a proof-of-concept application, the study applied this method to model substance use disorders.
Keywords: human brain organoids, microfluidics, organ-on-a-chip, neuroinflammation
6112 The Current State Of Human Gait Simulator Development
Authors: Stepanov Ivan, Musalimov Viktor, Monahov Uriy
This report examines the current state of human gait simulator development based on the human hip joint model. This unit will create a database of human gait types, useful for setting up and calibrating mechano devices, as well as the creation of new systems of rehabilitation, exoskeletons and walking robots. The system has ample opportunity to configure the dimensions and stiffness, while maintaining relative simplicity.
Keywords: hip joint, human gait, physiotherapy, simulation
6111 Human Factors Issues and Measures in Advanced NPPs
Authors: Jun Su Ha
Various advanced technologies will be adopted in Advanced Control Rooms (ACRs) of advanced Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), which is thought to increase operators' performance. However, potential human factors issues coupled with digital technologies might be troublesome. Human factors issues in ACRs are identified and strategies (or countermeasures) for evaluating and analyzing each of issues are addressed in this study.
Keywords: advanced control room, human factor issues, human performance, human error, nuclear power plant
6110 A GIS-Based Study on Geographical Divisions of Sustainable Human Settlements in China
Authors: Wu Yiqun, Weng Jiantao
The human settlements of China are picked up from the land use vector map by interpreting the Thematic Map of 2014. This paper established the sustainable human settlements geographical division evaluation system and division model using GIS. The results show that: The density of human residential areas in China is different, and the density of sustainable human areas is higher, and the west is lower than that in the West. The regional differences of sustainable human settlements are obvious: the north is larger than that the south, the plain regions are larger than those of the hilly regions, and the developed regions are larger than the economically developed regions. The geographical distribution of the sustainable human settlements is measured by the degree of porosity. The degree of porosity correlates with the sustainable human settlement density. In the area where the sustainable human settlement density is high the porosity is low, the distribution is even and the gap between the settlements is low.
Keywords: GIS, geographical division, sustainable human settlements, China


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Ender's Game is overall an enjoyable story following the character Ender in his pursuit of becoming a commander of a fleet. While the plot may be relatively straightforward, it is still fun to follow, with the addition of strong character developments & excellent visuals, that made this movie a rather satisfying piece of art.
The trailers may be a bit deceiving as most of the movie is on Ender's progress in the battle school instead of the battle against the aliens. While the technology & setting of the school seems way too advanced, the basic story is very much grounded, reflecting typical issues such as friendship, competition, and even bullying. The story though is very much simple & straightforward, except for the finale where, without revealing anything, the story uncovers a great deal of mystery, while ending with a rather strong & unexpected conclusion.
The visuals are excellent, giving the movie an extra dimension to the relatively simple plot. The character developments are good for audiences to be able to understand the characters. The finale feels grand in scale, despite it being fast & shallow. The soundtrack is amazing as well. However, the drama isn't really felt, while the humour is lacking, which otherwise might increase the value of watching it.
It is a simple yet enjoyable movie to follow, with some great character moments, only lacking in the humour & drama which could have made it a great movie adaptation.


Have you recently bought a newly constructed home? Did you immediately begin noticing defects on the exterior or interior of the home, or on the property itself? Have your communications with the home builder left you frustrated, and feeling like your new home will never be the home you thought you were purchasing at closing? If so, you are not alone.
Buying a home is the biggest investment that many people make in their lifetime, and you deserve to get the home that you bargained for. If you were promised certain things by the home builder, you deserve those promises to be carried out. There are many reasons why people will go through the closing process when there are still things to be done to the property and home. If issues were addressed prior to closing, and the home builder included language in your closing documents promising to finish and/or remedy certain issues, those promises were in consideration for closing on the property. Therefore, they are part of your contract, and are enforceable.
If your home builder made promises to you in your closing documents and has refused or delayed performance of those promises, contact the construction and residential real estate attorneys at Shipman & Wright, LLP for a free and confidential consultation and case evaluation.