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Gender-modulated risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes and coronary mortality among Turks for three major risk factors, and residual adiposity risk
Günay Can1,
Altan Onat2,
Eray Yurtseven1,
Yusuf Karadeniz3,
Tuğba Akbaş-Şimşek4,
Ayşem Kaya5 &
Hüsniye Yüksel2
We determined the proportion of the effects of body mass index (BMI) or its categories on cardiometabolic outcomes mediated through systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol and fasting glucose.
Cox regression analyses were performed for incident outcomes among Turkish Adult Risk Factor study participants in whom the three mediators had been determined (n = 2158, age 48.5 ± 11 years). Over a mean 10.2-years' follow-up, new coronary heart disease (CHD) developed in 406, diabetes in 284 individuals, and 149 CHD deaths occurred.
Hazard ratios (HR) of BMI for incident diabetes were no more than marginally attenuated by the 3 mediators including glucose, irrespective of gender. Compared to "normal-weight", sex- and age-adjusted RRs for incident CHD of overweight and obesity were 1.40 and 2.24 (95 % CI 1.68; 2.99), respectively, in gender combined. Only three-tenths of the excess risk was retained by BMI in men, six-tenths in women. No mediation of glycemia was discerned in males, in contrast to greatest mediation in females. HR of age-adjusted continuous BMI was a significant but modest contributor to CHD mortality in each gender. While the BMI risk of CHD death was abolished by mediation of SBP in men, HR strengthened to over two-fold in women through mediation of fasting glucose.
Mediation of adiposity by 3 traditional factors exhibited among Turkish adults strong gender dependence regarding its magnitude for CHD risk and the mediation by individual risk factors. Retention of the large part of risk for diabetes in each sex and for CHD in women likely reflects underlying autoimmune activation.
Rise in the proportion of overweight and obese individuals represents the most prominent recent cardiovascular risk factor in Turkey and worldwide. Many studies have shown that cardiovascular risk of excess adiposity is mediated mainly by traditional risk factors such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), levels of total cholesterol and glucose, or diabetes [1–4]. The magnitude of the mediation may vary across races and by gender. In order to appropriately target the individual risk factors, the effect size of the mediating factors and the excess residual risk of adiposity are highly relevant from the public health viewpoint.
The role of BMI in cardiovascular disease in the Asia-Pacific region has been studied in a meta-analysis [5], and the association of overweight with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk independent of BP and cholesterol level has been investigated in another meta-analysis [6]. The most extensive quantification of the effects of high BMI, and of overweight and obesity on CHD mediated through SBP, serum cholesterol, and glucose, has been in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study [7], analyzing data from 97 prospective cohort studies. The HR for each 5 kg/m2 higher BMI was 1.27 for CHD, after adjustment for confounders. Additional adjustment for the three metabolic risk factors reduced the HRs to 1.15 indicating that 46 % of the excess risk of BMI for CHD was mediated by these factors. SBP was the most important mediator, accounting for 31 % of the excess risk on CHD. Compared with normal weight, both overweight and obesity were associated with significantly increased CHD risk, with 50 % of the excess risk of overweight and 44 % of the excess risk of obesity for CHD being mediated by the selected 3 mediators. Authors concluded that, though nearly one half of excess risk for CHD due to high BMI was mediated through 3 metabolic risk factors, maintaining optimal body weight was needed for the full benefits.
The share of Middle Eastern populations in the GBD meta-analysis comprised less than 0.5 % of the total participants and hardly 1 % of the CHD events. Of the 57161 CHD events, 88.6 % were recorded in Western cohorts. Therein elicited major findings might have limited applicability for Turkish adults, since differences may exist in how BMI affects the mediating metabolic risks in diverse populations. Moreover, sex-stratified analyses were not provided, an aspect of critical importance among Turks [8]. Thus we undertook the task of clarifying the effects of the mediating risk factors for BMI on CHD risk among Turks. Our aim was to determine, separately in the sexes, the residual risk of incident nonfatal and fatal CHD of overweight and obesity after excluding the effects of mediation of blood pressure (BP), glucose and total cholesterol levels. Finally, the "net" BMI effect was examined regarding incident diabetes as well.
The TARF study is a prospective cohort study on the prevalence of cardiac disease and risk factors in adults in Turkey carried out biennially since 1990 in 59 communities scattered throughout all geographical regions of the country [9]. It comprises a random sample of the Turkish adult population, representatively stratified for sex, age, geographical regions and for rural–urban distribution. New random recruitment forming 15 % of the study sample was made in 2002/'03. Participants numbering 2287 –of whom 129 had CHD at baseline– composed the cohort of the current study. BMI, BP and fasting glucose determinations were available in the surveys encompassing the 10 years from 1997/'98 to 2007. Seventy-three % of participants had a baseline in the survey 1997/'98. The sample did not contain individuals who had been deceased prior to baseline, and 390 participants with no follow-up were excluded. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Istanbul University Medical Faculty. Written informed consent for participation was obtained from all. Data were obtained by history of the past years via a questionnaire, physical examination of the cardiovascular system, sampling of blood and recording a resting 12-lead electrocardiogram.
Measurement of risk factors
BP was measured with an aneroid sphygmomanometer (Erka, Bad Tölz, Germany) in the sitting position on the right arm, and the mean of two recordings 5 min apart was recorded. Height was measured without shoes using a measuring stick and weight without shoes in light indoor clothes using a scale. Waist circumference was measured at the level midway between the lower rib margin and the iliac crest. Cigarette smoking status was categorized into never, former and current smokers. Anyone who reported the use of alcoholic beverages once a week or more was considered as alcohol user. Physical activity was graded by the participant himself into four categories of increasing order with the aid of a scheme [9].
Blood samples were collected, spun at 1000 g, shipped to Istanbul and stored in deep-freeze at −75 °C, until analyzed within weeks. Serum concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, fasting triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol were determined using Cobas 500 autoanalyzer (Roche Diagnostic GmbH, Germany). Serum concentrations of apolipoprotein (apo) B and apoA-I were measured nephelometrically by BN ProSpec analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Germany).
Participants were classified into three categories: BMI ≤25 kg/m2, overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2), obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2). Hypertension was defined as a blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or ≥90 mmHg, and/or use of antihypertensive medication. Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) were identified when 3 out of the 5 criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (ATP III) [10] were met, modified for prediabetes (fasting glucose 100–125 mg/dl [11] and further for abdominal obesity using as cutpoint ≥95 cm in men, as assessed in the Turkish Adult Risk Factor study [12]. Diabetes was diagnosed with the criteria of the American Diabetes Association, namely by self-report of antidiabetic medication, or a plasma fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl [13].
Diagnosis of CHD was based on the presence of angina pectoris, of a history of myocardial infarction with or without accompanying Minnesota codes of the ECG [14] or on a history of myocardial revascularization. Typical angina and, in women, age >45 years were prerequisite for a diagnosis when angina was isolated. ECG changes of "ischemic type" of greater than minor degree (Codes 1.1–2, 4.1–2, 5.1–2, 7.1) were considered as myocardial infarct sequelae or myocardial ischemia, respectively. CHD death comprised death from heart failure of coronary origin or fatal coronary event. Death was ascertained via information from first-degree relatives, records of local health personnel and/or the nation-wide Identity Participation System.
Descriptive parameters were shown as mean ± standard deviation or in percentages. For several other variables with skewed distribution, values derived from log-transformed (geometric) means were used. An SD value of (for example) 1.7 indicates the factor needed to multiply or divide the mean value to obtain the limits of the SD. ANOVA analyses and pairwise comparisons with post hoc Tukey HSD were made to detect significance across more than two groups; two-sided t-tests and Pearson's chi-square tests were used to analyze the differences between means and proportions of two groups.
Cox proportional hazard regression analyses of the BMI categories for outcomes were performed in models that adjusted basically for (sex and) age and smoking status. Participants with outcome conditions at baseline were excluded from regression analyses. The relative risk (RR) for the three adiposity categories and the hazard ratio (HR)s for the mediating factors (systolic BP, total cholesterol and fasting glucose) were estimated and expressed for each in terms of 1-SD increment. We adjusted for sex, age, smoking status, and additionally for the 3 mediators in regard to analyses involving WC. Residual adiposity risk was estimated as percentage of excess risk mediated by the 3 risk factors deducted from the excess risk of the BMI category, which we expressed also as percentage of excess risk mediated [7, 15]. A value of p < 0.05 on the two-tail test was considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS-10 for Windows.
The study sample consisted of 2287 participants (of whom 1199 female) at age 48.5 ± 11 years at baseline. Mean age was similar in the sexes. Of the 616 subjects in the category BMI ≤25 kg/m2, only 67 had BMI <20 kg/m2. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 16 years with a mean of 10.2 ± 4.6 years. Total follow-up amounted to 21,980 person-years. Incident CHD manifested in 406, incident diabetes in 284 persons, and CHD mortality was identified in 149 (6.9 %) individuals (yielding a CHD mortality rate of 6.56 [8.0 for men, 5.0 for women] per 1000 person-years).
Baseline characteristics of the sample free of CHD are presented in Table 1, stratified to BMI categories and gender. As also seen in Fig. 1, obesity existed only in 19 % of men, but in 44.4 % of women –an odds of 2.3-fold. Among the 18 variables examined, all but apoA-I and in men alcohol usage, were significantly different across the BMI categories. Though HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in obesity than in normal-weight in each gender, apoA-I concentrations were similar. Never smokers were significantly more prevalent, current smokers less prevalent in obesity than in normal-weight, regardless of sex. Pulse pressure was higher in obese women than obese men (55.3 vs. 50.6 mmHg)
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study sample stratified to BMI categories and gender (n = 2158)
Depicts percentages of excess risks of obesity in men and women for incident coronary heart disease (CHD), type-2 diabetes and overall mortality. CHD risk is indicated separately also for overweight. It is evident that obesity in females, as distinct from males, retains substantially greater risk for CHD mortality and CHD, unmediated by the studied 3 traditional risk factors
Table 2 shows the prediction of incident CHD by BMI categories in Cox regression, by gender and adjusted by the three mediating factors in 3 models. In the model adjusted only for sex, age and smoking status, overweight disclosed an RR of 1.40 compared to normal-weight, whereas obesity had an HR 2.24 (95 % CI 1.68; 2.99) in gender combined. The addition of systolic BP, fasting glucose plus LDL- and HDL-cholesterol attenuated the HR of overweight to non-significance, but obesity retained strong significance (RR 1.56). This showed gender disparity inasmuch as while obesity in men was no longer significant, it was significant in women with an RR 1.90 (95 % CI 1.20; 3.02), retaining 61 % of the excess CHD risk independent of fasting glucose, systolic BP and total cholesterol.
Table 2 Cox regression models for the prediction of incident CHD by BMI categories and mediators, by gender
Substituting abdominal obesity for the two BMI categories (Additional file 1: Table S1) replicated the changes in magnitude and sex difference stated for overall adiposity. Whereas only 48 % of the CHD risk was retained by abdominal obesity in men, attenuating the RR to borderline significance, 64 % of the risk was retained in women, rendering persistence of independent significance in RR by abdominal obesity,
Table 3 shows prediction of CHD mortality and incident diabetes by continuous BMI values in each gender, adjusted for SBP, total cholesterol and fasting glucose. For incident diabetes, sex- and age-adjusted BMI was associated with an HR 1.73 per 1 SD increment. When all 3 mediators were added to the model, the HR of BMI was reduced merely as little as less than 3 %: to 2.05 in men and to 1.52 in women.
Table 3 Cox regression models for the prediction of sex- and- age-adjusted CHD mortality and incident diabetes by 1SD of body mass index adjusted also for mediators, by gender
CHD mortality was, however, determined only by a significant HR 1.12 by the sex- and age-adjusted BMI. This effect was fully mediated in men by total cholesterol and glycemia and was more than offset by SBP. Women, in contrast, disclosed an inverse mediation effect by the 3 risk factors, so that HR of BMI rose to 1.26 (95 % CI 1.00; 1.60).
Replacing in model 3, Table 3, HDL-C with apoA-I (values were missing in 18 % of the sample) showed tendency to protect against CHD in women (p = 0.062) along with mild attenuation of the RR of obesity (p = 0.053), while apoA-I was not protective in men (p = 0.48), age, SBP and total cholesterol retaining their significant predictive abilities.
This population-based prospective study on middle-aged Turkish adults seeking the direct and mediated effect of adiposity on cardiometabolic risk demonstrated following findings dependent on type of cardiometabolic condition and gender. A) BMI determined the development of type-2 diabetes at a 1.5- to 2-fold HR, more so in men than women, and was virtually not mediated by a combination of SBP, total cholesterol and glucose levels. B) Regarding incident CHD, overweight displayed a non-significant tendency to confer risk that was little modified in either gender by the 3 mediators. C) Compared with normal-weight, obesity imparted a significant ~2-fold CHD risk. In men, ¾ of this excess risk was mediated especially by SBP, and by total cholesterol and glucose. In women, in contrast, 60 % of the excess risk was retained by BMI, leaving the remainder to the mediation of the major risk factors. D) BMI, though a significant modest predictor of CHD mortality, was mediated by the conventional risk factors in males, but retained substantially greater independent risk in females. These findings, collectively, suggest that other determinant factors are mediated by BMI/obesity for the risk of diabetes and CHD and, in women, for the risk of CHD by obesity. CHD risk of obesity in men was largely conferred by SBP-total cholesterol, and little by obesity.
Noteworthy is that the overall obesity category was predominated by females whereas the referent "normal-weight" category was so by males (Additional file 2: Figure S1).
Adipose tissue, particularly tissue from visceral-fat deposits, secretes potential mediators in the development of chronic diseases. Obesity is characterized by abnormal adipokine production and the activation of several proinflammatory signaling pathways, resulting in the induction of several biological markers of inflammation [16]. Resistin and tumor necrosis factor TNF-α are implicated in inducing atherogenic adipokines, such as plasminogen activating inhibitor-1 and interleukin-6, and inhibiting adiponectin. TNF-α activates also nuclear factor-(NF-)kB which may mediate hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. In obese patients, macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration in adipose tissue may strongly contribute to obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation [17].
Diabetes risk is overwhelmingly determined by BMI and little by glucose
Age-standardized adult diabetes prevalence globally rose since 1980 more rapidly in women than men [18]. The development of diabetes is recognized to be largely co-determined by BMI with which our findings concur. Noteworthy is that added adjustment for fasting glucose hardly attenuated the HR of BMI for diabetes in either or both sexes. This may be related to lipoprotein[Lp}(a)-activated autoimmunity [19] which determines glycemia and concomitantly mediates rise in BMI. In the meta-analysis by Singh et al. [20] RRs for 5 kg/m2 higher BMI for ages 55–64 was 2.32 (2.04–2.63) for diabetes and ranged for all adult ages from 3 to 1.4. RRs for the estimated effect of BMI were larger in Western cohorts as compared with Asian cohorts in adults <55 years old. Of interest was that the effect of BMI on incident diabetes in Turkish women was only half that found in men. This may be related to the gender difference existing on Lp(a)-induced autoimmunity [19]. Of further interest was that the mediation of systolic BP and total cholesterol (alike of glucose) was virtually negligible.
CHD risk of overweight little modified by the three mediators
Elevated peripheral vascular resistance and renal salt retention due to higher sympathetic nervous system activity, angiotensin-aldosterone activity and insulin levels [21] can lead to hypertension in people with adiposity which leads also to dyslipidemia. Moreover, enhanced low-grade inflammation may render insulin resistance and diabetes [22]. We concur with the global meta-analysis [7] that the association between adiposity and CHD is not completely explained by the three mediators in men and underline that it is far from being explained in women.
Overweight imparted modest age-adjusted CHD risk (1.33-fold the "normal" weight); and this was attenuated mainly by systolic BP. The attenuation via BP and serum total cholesterol was 45 % in the meta-analysis of the BMI-CHD Collaborators [6] and was one-half (of the unadjusted RR 1.26) via the three mediating risk factors in the meta-analysis of the Chronic Diseases Collaboration [7]. RR of the age-adjusted CHD risk in the current study was also close to the former meta-analysis.
The two-fold CHD risk of obesity is mediated by risk factors largely in men, modestly in women
Excess CHD risk, compared with normal weight, showed a steep rise in the obesity category relativeto the overweight one; sex-, age- and smoking-adjusted RRs in combined gender were, namely, 2.24 and 1.40, respectively. In comparison to the meta-analysis on global cohorts [7], this basic excess risk displayed gender difference insofar as the RR was by one-third higher in men, but nearly two-fold in women. Though mediation by the 3 risk factors (with 55 % of the excess risk) was closely similar to that in the global cohorts, gender disparity in the current study was more prominent in the mediation by the 3 risk factors: whereas 70 % of the excess BMI risk was thus mediated in men, 60 % was retained by BMI in women. A gender difference of the BMI-mediated risk was not reported in three meta-analyses [5–7] in which sex-stratified analysis was, however, not reported.
The retained CHD risk by BMI may be due to pathways of systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombogenic factors. Alike the meta-analysis findings, the largest mediation was found for systolic BP, followed by total cholesterol and least for fasting glucose. Obesity mediation by the individual risk factors was markedly different across sexes inasmuch as glycemia did not mediate any BMI risk in men, in contrast to demonstrating the largest mediation (with 14 %) in women. This distribution of obesity-mediated risk across the sexes as well as the retention of the majority of the obesity risk in women support the notion of autoimmune process activated by obesity being far more common in females than males [19]. It is the autoimmune activation (induced by oxidative stress) and thrombo-embolic events rather than BP or cholesterolemia that lead to fatal and non-fatal CHD.
BMI modest determinant of CHD mortality
The sex- and age-adjusted continuous BMI variable was a significant modest contributor to HR for CHD mortality; yet this risk was fully abolished by mediation of systolic BP in men, indicating this factor assumed the main determinant of CHD mortality. In contrast, the HR was strengthened to over two-fold in women through mediation of fasting glucose, implicating that impaired fasting glucose (IFG) protected Turkish women against CHD death. This is in agreement with our previous report [23] that IFG status in non-diabetic people without MetS is associated with a less adverse cardiovascular risk profile and reduced future CHD risk, lest modulated by the developed MetS, especially in women in whom serum Lp(a), linked inversely to HOMA, is the likely modulator.
The modest magnitude of HR herein is in line with no effects of overweight on cardiovascular mortality [24], or with overall mortality in a meta-analysis [25]. In contrast, in the Prospective Studies Collaboration [26] 5 units of BMI revealed 40 % excess vascular mortality risk above the optimal BMI 22.5-25 kg/m2; below this range, BMI was inversely related to overall mortality.
Sex-modulated risk of fatal and nonfatal CHD imparted by obesity
Excess risk of age- and smoking-adjusted obesity was larger by one-half in women than men. This is at some variance from the findings of a large pooled analysis on 1.4 million individuals [20] in which effects by age, sex or global region of major metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular disease and diabetes were evaluated. At the age group 55–64 years, the RR was largest for systolic BP with respect to hypertensive HD or stroke, for BMI regarding diabetes or CHD, and at much lower effect size for fasting glucose in regard to CHD or stroke. Proportional effects declined with age, were generally consistent by sex, and differed little by region. However, effects of BMI on diabetes were larger in Western compared with Asian cohorts in younger adults [20].
In regard to BMI-mediated CHD risk of fasting glucose and systolic BP, a clear sex disparity was evident: Women had a significant risk through glucose (by 15 % higher than men), while men had such through systolic BP (by 20 % higher). We have evidence that these features are largely gene-dependent. The TT genotype of the CYP19A1 polymorphism encoding the aromatase enzyme involved in the final step of estrogen synthesis showed, namely, interaction with narrow waist girth for hypertension only in men, independent of age and BMI [27]. In Caucasian US women, an interaction between the risk allele of the FTO rs8050136 polymorphism mediated by BMI and low physical activity yielded increased cardiovascular disease risk [28].
Implications relate both to the prevention of CHD and DM. Coronary prevention programs should take into account the role of sex and be modified for sex. While addressing the mediators with measures including antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medication may largely be effective in men, addressing the mediators in women will alleviate only slightly the prevention problem. Major improvement in obesity and related proinflammatory state is required for the CHD prevention. As regards prevention of type-2 diabetes, our findings indicate that the overwhelming portion of the risk can be reduced only by weight loss and improvement in the related oxidative stress (mediated by Lp(a)-activated autoimmunity), regardless of gender.
Limitations and strength
Our basic regression models did not adjust for certain confounding factors such as socioeconomic state, physical activity grade, or diet; this might have affected the BMI-mediated CHD risk, though not to a great extent. Analysis stratified to sex which substantially generated novel knowledge constitutes a major strength. Despite the fact that, due to lack of an oral glucose tolerance test, some cases of actual diabetes may have been missed, analyzing the BMI-mediated effects also for diabetes and CHD mortality in the same cohort represents further strength.
Gender, fatal or nonfatal CHD or diabetes modulated in middle-aged Turkish adults the mediation of BMI by 3 traditional risk factors, or the retention of residual excess risk by BMI, respectively. Hardly any mediation was observed with respect to diabetes. Compared with normal-weight, obesity imparted a significant over 2-fold CHD risk. In men, this was extensively mediated while in women, 60 % of the excess CHD risk and virtually the entire risk for CHD death were retained by BMI. These findings can be explained by autoimmune activation occurring in a greater proportion of females, a process mainly induced by oxidative damage to Lp(a) in a setting of excess adiposity.
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We thank the Turkish automotive firm TOFAŞ, Istanbul, for partial financial support of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor study.
The datasets during and/or analysed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
GC designed the study, performed the statistical analyses and contributed to drafting of the manuscript, AO obtained funding, conceived the study and revised the manuscript critically, EY performed the statistical analyses analyzed and contributed to the discussion; AK performed the biochemical analyses and revised the manuscript critically; YK and TA collected data and revised the manuscript critically; HY contributed to drafting and revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Istanbul University Medical Faculty.
Consent to participate was obtained from each individual.
Departments of Public Health, Istanbul University, Yazıcı sok. 18/5, Kocamustafapaşa, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey
Günay Can & Eray Yurtseven
Departments of Cardiology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
Altan Onat & Hüsniye Yüksel
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
Yusuf Karadeniz
Bağcılar Educational Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Tuğba Akbaş-Şimşek
Departments of Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
Ayşem Kaya
Günay Can
Altan Onat
Eray Yurtseven
Hüsniye Yüksel
Correspondence to Günay Can.
Comparative sex distribution of the proportions in the three adiposity categories is shown. Though men prevail in "normal weight" and overweight categories, women predominate in obesity by over two-fold. (DOCX 15 kb)
Cox regression models for the prediction of incident CHD by presence of abdominal obesity and three mediators, by gender. (DOCX 21 kb)
Can, G., Onat, A., Yurtseven, E. et al. Gender-modulated risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes and coronary mortality among Turks for three major risk factors, and residual adiposity risk. BMC Endocr Disord 16, 54 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-016-0134-6
Autoimmune activation
Coronary mortality
Type-2 diabetes
Gender difference


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Saint-Christophe-et-le-Laris – miejscowość i gmina we Francji, w regionie Owernia-Rodan-Alpy, w departamencie Drôme.

Według danych na rok 1990 gminę zamieszkiwało 318 osób, a gęstość zaludnienia wynosiła 28 osób/km² (wśród 2880 gmin regionu Rodan-Alpy Saint-Christophe-et-le-Laris plasuje się na 1312. miejscu pod względem liczby ludności, natomiast pod względem powierzchni na miejscu 1023.).

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Miejscowości w departamencie Drôme

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Joel Dahmen
FPPG: 69.7	| FanDuel Salary: $9,600
FanDuel Fantasy Points Per Game More DFS
Made Cut
Bogeys
Double Bogeys
A Military Tribute at The Greenbrier	 (1.77) (57.96%) (0.91%) (5.52%) (10.76%) (24.72%) (0.15) (9.59) (36.84) (9.08) (1.21) $9,600	 (42.8275) (4.46)
Safeway Open	 (-3.67) (59.45%) (0.50%) (4.28%) (8.64%) (22.26%) (0.32) (12.60) (36.01) (7.49) (0.98) $8,900	 (58.4881) (6.57)
Shriners Hospitals for Children Open	 (-0.60) (57.05%) (0.57%) (4.09%) (8.32%) (20.67%) (0.22) (10.82) (36.08) (8.32) (1.09) $8,300	 (49.0684) (5.91)
The CJ Cup at Nine Bridges	 (-3.63) (92.02%) (0.98%) (5.86%) (12.50%) (33.22%) (0.37) (14.83) (43.39) (9.32) (1.23) $8,200	 (68.9297) (8.41)
The ZOZO Championship	 (-1.45) (93.18%) (1.08%) (6.98%) (14.71%) (37.28%) (0.27) (13.73) (44.25) (9.97) (1.33) $7,400	 (63.1902) (8.54)
Mayakoba Golf Classic	 (-4.45) (71.19%) (1.83%) (9.89%) (17.28%) (35.52%) (0.32) (13.72) (38.80) (7.81) (0.98) $8,200	 (65.3643) (7.97)
The RSM Classic	 (-2.96) (64.22%) (2.18%) (10.81%) (19.19%) (36.56%) (0.73) (12.04) (37.04) (8.22) (1.08) $9,700	 (60.5376) (6.24)
Sony Open in Hawaii	 (-1.34) (63.54%) (1.22%) (6.50%) (12.38%) (27.44%) (0.26) (11.56) (37.55) (8.42) (1.09) $8,800	 (53.4901) (6.08)
A Military Tribute at The Greenbrier	 -6	 1	 38	 1	 14	 47	 10	 0	 $9,600	 75.677	 7.88
Safeway Open	 -3	 1	 55	 0	 16	 44	 12	 1	 $8,900	 70.522	 7.92
Shriners Hospitals for Children Open	 -18	 1	 10	 1	 23	 42	 5	 1	 $8,300	 122.6613	 14.78
The CJ Cup at Nine Bridges	 -4	 1	 43	 0	 14	 48	 10	 0	 $8,200	 62.9	 7.67
The ZOZO Championship	 8	 0	 77	 1	 5	 16	 13	 1	 $7,400	 16.3	 2.2
Mayakoba Golf Classic	 -15	 1	 6	 2	 17	 47	 6	 0	 $8,200	 107.3394	 13.09
The RSM Classic	 -3	 0	 77	 0	 7	 25	 4	 0	 $9,700	 30.8	 3.18
Sony Open in Hawaii	 -5	 1	 19	 1	 12	 52	 6	 1	 $8,800	 71.6756	 8.14
PGA News
Gdula's Golf Simulations: Farmers Insurance Open
PGA FanDuel Ownership Percentages: The American Express
Daily Fantasy Golf Course Primer: Farmers Insurance Open
Mike Rodden	—
PGA Betting Guide for the American Express
Daily Fantasy Golf: The Heat Check Podcast for The American Express
DraftKings Daily Fantasy Golf Helper: The American Express

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The last day the splash pad will be closed after September 26th. We will see you back next year!
From Memorial Day until Labor Day - Dependant on weather, the Splashpad may open earlier and may close after Labor Day.
Free for all residents and non-residents.


text:
Tag Archives: Lisa Marie
Posted on July 5, 2013 by carlosdev
Christopher Walken really needs a new dental plan.
(1999) Supernatural Horror (Paramount) Johnny Depp, Christina Ricci, Miranda Richardson, Michael Gambon, Casper Van Dien, Jeffrey Jones, Richard Griffiths, Ian McDiarmid, Michael Gough, Christopher Walken, Marc Pickering, Lisa Marie, Steven Waddington, Claire Skinner, Christopher Lee, Alun Armstrong, Mark Spalding, Jessica Oyelowo. Directed by Tim Burton
Whenever Tim Burton concocts a new movie, critics everywhere go into a lather coming up with new hosannas in praise of his stuff. Generally, they're right. By the time his interpretation of the Washington Irving classic came out the paroxysms of praise had become almost scary in their effusiveness. Which was – and is – fine by me.
Sleepy Hollow, after all, is supposed to be scary. However, those bookish moviegoers who have actually read the Washington Irving story and still remember it may find the liberties taken here with the source material a bit off-putting.
Ichabod Crane (Crane) is a foppish New York City constable who has been a bit of a gadfly in the NYPD of 1799. While the judges of the period are content with brute force and intimidation to solve their crimes, Crane is all for using scientific method and deductive reasoning to come to the truth. For his troubles, he is exiled to a small Dutch community in the Hudson Valley called Sleepy Hollow to solve a trio of ghoulish murders.
It seems that several prominent citizens of the Hollow have lost their heads. The trouble is their quite dead torsos are rather upsetting to those townspeople who stumble upon them. When Crane arrives, he encounters the plucky young daughter (Ricci) of a local farmer (Gambon), who imparts the story of the Headless Horseman: A somewhat rabid, bloodthirsty Hessian mercenary (Walken in essentially a cameo but still perfectly cast role) meets a bitter end in the woods near Sleepy Hollow, betrayed by a pair of wood-gathering little girls. The townspeople, who include a self-righteous priest (Jones), a timid notary (Gough), a lusty doctor (McDiarmid), a brave and burly farmer (Van Dien) and a corpulent burgomaster (Griffith) are all of the belief that the Horseman is responsible for the unspeakable crimes. Crane, of course, believes that the murderer is flesh and blood.
The game changes when Crane personally witnesses a murder, sending his faith in science and reason spinning into doubt. Unfortunately for the movie, he resolves this rather quickly; I thought it would have made for an interesting subplot to see Crane struggling between the evidence of his senses and his own rationality. Instead, Crane and the plucky young farmer's daughter go on a ghoul hunt, with all the violence, gore and spookiness that goes with it.
There are a lot of fairly impressive names behind the camera including Francis Ford Coppola, Larry Franco, Scott Rudin and Kevin Yagher, with Danny Elfman producing a suitably spooky score. While many of Burton's key personnel are also in place, this seems less of a typical Tim Burton movie and more of a mainstream action/horror flick. There are a lot of missed opportunities here to bring some credible subplots into play that wouldn't burden the plot as much as the ones that writers Kevin Yagher and Andrew Kevin Walker decided to leave in.
Burton is wise enough to leave enough atmosphere in to make for some genuinely creepy moments, but his leitmotif of announcing the Horseman's presence with lightning and thunder effects is a bit over-the-top. Depp makes an interesting Crane, retaining much of the bumbling fright of Irving's Crane while giving him a heroic bent for the modern moviegoing audience to identify with. Ricci is lustrous in her ingénue role.
There's some great work in Sleepy Hollow, enough that you'll be talking about it well after the final credits have concluded. However, with a bit more of Burton and a bit less of Hollywood, this would have been a much more hellacious ride.
WHY RENT THIS: Tim Burton loveliness. Deep and Ricci make a fine couple. Genuinely spooky.
WHY RENT SOMETHING ELSE: A bit more mainstream than we're used to with Burton. Over-the-top in places.
FAMILY MATTERS: The horror, gore and violence is fairly graphic. There's some sexuality as well.
TRIVIAL PURSUITS: This was one of the last two films released on Laser Disc (the other was Bringing Out the Dead).
NOTABLE HOME VIDEO FEATURES: None listed.
BOX OFFICE PERFORMANCE: $206.1M on a $100M production budget; the movie broke even during its theatrical run.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Beetlejuice
NEXT: World War Z
Posted in DVD Review	| Tagged 18th century, Alun Armstrong, based on a classic novel, Casper Van Dien, Christina Ricci, Christopher Lee, Christopher Walken, cinema, curse, DVD Reviews, fainting, farmers daughter, Films, gadfly, Headless Horseman, Hell, Hessian soldier, Ian McDiarmid, Jeffrey Jones, Johnny Depp, Lisa Marie, Michael Gambon, Michael Gough, Miranda Richardson, movies, murder investigation, New York, NYPD, Paramount, Richard Griffiths, scientific method, Sleepy Hollow, Tim Burton, tree, Washington Irving, windmill, witchcraft	| Leave a reply
New Releases for the Week of November 30, 2012
Posted on November 28, 2012 by carlosdev
(Weinstein) Brad Pitt, Ray Liotta, James Gandolfini, Sam Rockwell, Richard Jenkins, Bella Heathcoate, Scoot McNairy, Ben Mendelsohn. Directed by Andrew Dominik
Three not-terribly-smart guys rob a mob-protected poker game. This, as you might imagine, doesn't sit too well with the mob and they hire a hitman to track down the perpetrators and restore order to the local criminal underworld. However as it often happens with the very foolish, not everything goes according to plan.
See the trailer, clips and a promo here.
Genre: Crime Comedy
Rating: R (for violence, sexual references, pervasive language and some drug use)
(Focus) Keira Knightley, Jude Law, Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Kelly Macdonald. Based on the epic Leo Tolstoy novel, a woman lives a life that most women in that time and that place would envy. But as she questions her heart, she begins to question her marriage and as her world is engulfed in tumult, so too the world around her changes forever in spasms of awful violence.
See the trailer, featurettes, promos and clips here.
Rating: R (for some sexuality and violence)
(LD Entertainment) Josh Stewart, Emma Fitzpatrick, Christopher McDonald, Navi Rawat. When the daughter of a rich man is captured by a sadistic serial killer, he hires a group of mercenaries who in turn coerce the only man who escaped from the killer's maze alive to return and lead them to the captured girl. This proves to be much easier said than done.
Rating: R (for strong bloody violence, grisly images, language and brief nudity)
(Radius) Donnie Yen, Takeshi Kaneshiro, Tang Wei, Jimmy Wang Yu. A shy, retiring craftsman in a turn of the century Chinese village is forced to defend a shopkeeper from two violent gamblers. The police detective investigating the incident believes the craftsman is much more than he lets on. However, his investigation begins to draw the attention of the criminal underworld to the craftsman and his village.
See the trailer and a link to streaming the full movie here.
Genre: Martial Arts
Rating: R (for violence)
A Late Quartet
(EntertainmentOne) Philip Seymour Hoffman, Catherine Keener, Christopher Walken, Jeremy Northam. When a beloved member of a world-renowned string quartet gets a medical diagnosis which means his career must come to an end, the long-suppressed squabbles of ego, competitive bickering, unrequited passions and hurt feelings comes out and threatens to destroy what a quarter century of friendship, hard work and harmony has established.
Rating: R (for language and some sexuality)
The Other Son
(Cohen Media Group) Emmanuelle Devos, Pascal Elbe, Jules Sitruk, Mehdi Dehbi. Two young men – one Israeli, one Palestinian – discover that they were accidentally switched at birth. The revelation has unforeseen repercussions on not only the lives of the men but on their families as well.
Rating: PG-13 (For a scene of violence, brief language and drug use)
(Anchor Bay) Malcolm McDowell, Jaime King, Donal Logue, Lisa Marie. A sheriff and his deputy chase a maniac dressed as Santa Claus who is murdering those he judges to be naughty. That list includes everything from porn and adultery to green…to lesser offenses. Loosely based on the Christmas horror classic Silent Night, Deadly Night.
See the trailer and clips here.
Rating: R (for bloody violence, some sexuality/nudity, language and brief drug use)
Talaash: The Answer Lies Within
(Reliance Big Pictures) Aamir Khan, Rani Mukherji, Kareena Kapoor, Nawazuddin Siddiqui. When a popular movie star dies when his car plunges into murky waters, a detective investigating the case is charged with discovering whether it was an accident or murder. The closer he gets to the truth however the closer he gets to his own past which he will be forced to confront if he is to find out what really happened.
Genre: Bollywood
Posted in Weekly Preview	| Tagged 2012, A Late Quartet, Aamir Khan, Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Anna Karenina, Bella Heathcoate, Ben Mendelsohn, Brad Pitt, Catherine Keener, Christopher Walken, cinema, Donal Logue, Donnie Yen, dragon, Emanuelle Devos, Films, Jaime King, James Gandolfini, Jeremy Northam, Jimmy Wang Yu, Jude Law, Kareena Kapoor, Keira Knightley, Kelly Macdonald, Killing Them Softly, Lisa Marie, Malcolm McDowell, movies, Navi Rawat, November 30, Philip Seymour Hoffman, Previews, Richard Jenkins, Sam Rockwell, Scoot McNairy, Silent Night, Takeshi Kaneshiro, Talaash: The Answer Lies Within, The Collection, The Other Son	| Leave a reply


Spun with webs in mind for the letters pages of the SPIDER-MAN books, INCYWINCYSPIDER is probably one of the World's CREEPIEST Comic Book Fonts. Handle with care - some letters may stick together!
Three fonts (Regular, Venom & Web) with uppercase and small cap alphabets and Western European international characters.


Reveal your Scottish ancestry through burial records from Linlithgowshire (West Lothian). Burial records will display your ancestor's final resting place. Some many provide you with the name(s) of your ancestor's spouse or parents.
All the transcripts in this collection were created by the West Lothian Family History Society. Burial records provide you with the final resting place of your ancestor. A burial location can provide you more details about your ancestor's life. For example, you can search local electoral registers or directories for more information about your ancestors living in that area. Discovering whether your ancestor was buried in private or common ground will give you an indication of your ancestor's wealth.


text:
Grafton Primary - Relativity
"You and I together make a figure eight"
I read about this new Australian band over on bigstereo earlier this week and instantly knew that I had to post something about them here as well. They are a synthpop/electro act (what else?), but they've got an extra special style and sound that I think sets them apart and arguably makes them more interesting (ie: better) than most like-minded acts. The vocals on all the tracks I've heard so far have a cool spoken/sung vibe to them that I really love. They've only released an EP so far but I hear that an album is on the way as well.
Grafton Primary - Relativity (zshare)
(Music posted for evaluation purposes only. If you like what you hear, support the artists! Buy the EP here!)
Lamont - Elegance And Discodance
"Make-up is on, prohibitions are gone"
I know I've been posting a lot about Lamont lately, but today's finally the day that their album is released.... for free! The band posted a torrent of the entire Golden Daze album on the Pirate Bay this morning (Sweden time) and I think that is incredibly generous and cool of them. The album is fantastic glam-pop, definitely for fans of some of my favorite bands like the Ark, Melody Club and Dolly Daggers. Elegance And Discodance was one of my immediate favorites, but the whole thing is wonderful. Make sure to take advantage of the band's free offer and download the album! I don't think you'll be disappointed.
Lamont - Elegance And Discodance (zshare)
(Music posted for evaluation purposes only. If you like what you hear, support the artists! Download the album for free here!)
Halloween Treat #23: Tim Curry - Anything Can Happen On Halloween
I'm posting this track (and the accompanying video) because the campy-as-hell movie that it's taken from has quickly become a Halloween tradition at the Alienhits HQ. If you haven't seen The Worst Witch yet do yourself a favor, and be sure to look out for:
1. Tim Curry's ridiculously enormous cape (and creepy molester smile)
2. Aggie's (or as we like to call her around here: "drag hag's") school song, which renders me speechless everytime I see it
3. The delightfully manly Ms. Hardbroom and her inappropriate broom speech
4. The ridiculousness that is "terror tag"
5. Of course, Tim Curry's number, as seen below (with his wonderful array of cardboard props)
BONUS: I just received this free digital Halloween EP in my inbox and it's actually alright, even though I've never heard of the artist. Check it out here if you want.
posted by Nick at 10:43 AM 1 comments
Mika Doll - Light Hearted Lie
"You're plastic, you're plastic... so unlike me"
I've got Alienhits' first tranny artist today and it's about time! Mika Doll hails from the UK and is (according to the myspace) "looking for a band." Even without a band, though, the music sounds great. A mix of sleazy electro and pop smarts, Light Hearted Lie is catchy from the beginning. Scissor Sisters would do well to take Mika Doll on as an opening act. I bet the live show is fantastic!
Mika Doll - Light Hearted Lie (zshare)
(Music posted for evaluation purposes only. If you like what you hear, support the artists! No album yet, though!)
Halloween Treat #22: Outkast (ft. Kelis) - Dracula's Wedding
Technically this is just one half of Outkast (André 3000), off of the brilliant The Love Below cd. It's a funny little story-song which brings to life Dracula's softer side.
Sambassadeur - Subtle Changes
"I once believed your words were heartfelt and true"
Today's song is so gorgeous, so majestic, that I've just been aching to post it ever since it came out. Sambassadeur are a Swedish pop band from Gothenburg signed to Labrador Records, which if you don't know, is one of the country's leading indie record labels. Subtle Changes is their new single from their upcoming album and it's massive from the very beginning. Huge strings and orchestral flourishes combine with beautiful, breezy vocals to create something that is at once laid-back and extremely dramatic. While it may not be the catchiest thing on earth (at least after the first lesson), it is undoubtedly captivating.
Sambassadeur - Subtle Changes (zshare)
(Music posted for evaluation purposes only. If you like what you hear, support the artists! Buy the album here!)
Halloween Treat #21: DJ Bobo - Creature Of The Night
Rocky Horror was fantastic this weekend and now I'm totally in the Halloween mood. Today's selection comes from the lame DJ that gave us Vampires Are Alive earlier this year. As for this track? I just love the cheesy guitar.
Delays - Panic Attacks
"Sometimes I feel dizzy and I don't know why"
It's ridiculous how excited I am for the Delays' next full length, but luckily us fans have the upcoming Love Made Visible EP to tide us over until early next year when the next record comes out. Even luckier for you folks, I've got one of the b-sides exclusive to the EP today! Although I'm hoping that Greg's vocals (rather than brother Aaron's) will be upfront on a consistant basis on the new LP, I can't fault Panic Attacks in any way. It sounds so much better than most b-sides out there and I think it's a fantastic teaser for what we're in for in the future. Unlike most of the band's b-sides, Panic Attacks is uptempo, rocky, and has a great catchy chorus.
Delays - Panic Attacks (zshare)


text:
Q: Opencart v3 adding additional product images to featued module I have a popup for each product displayed in featured module and within that popup I would like to display all images for the products with similar looks as product page i.e. 1 big image with thumbnails of additional images below which updates the big image when clicked.
To do so I copied some code from controller product.php to controller module featured.php but this does not seems to work. Here is my code:
Controller / extention / module / featured.php
if ($product_info) {
                if ($product_info['image']) {
                    $image = $this->model_tool_image->resize($product_info['image'], $setting['width'], $setting['height']);
                } else {
                    $image = $this->model_tool_image->resize('placeholder.png', $setting['width'], $setting['height']);
                }

                if ($product_info['image']) {
                    $data['popup'] = $this->model_tool_image->resize($product_info['image'], $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_popup_width'), $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_popup_height'));
                } else {
                    $data['popup'] = '';
                }

                $data['images'] = array();

                $results = $this->model_catalog_product->getProductImages($this->model_catalog_product->getProduct($product_id));

                foreach ($results as $result) {
                    $data['images'][] = array(
                        'popup' => $this->model_tool_image->resize($result['image'], $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_popup_width'), $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_popup_height')),
                        'thumb' => $this->model_tool_image->resize($result['image'], $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_additional_width'), $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_additional_height'))
                    );
                }
                // some other code in between

                $data['products'][] = array(
                    'product_id'  => $product_info['product_id'],
                    'thumb'       => $image,
                    'popup'       => $image,
                    'name'        => $product_info['name'],
                    'description' => utf8_substr(strip_tags(html_entity_decode($product_info['description'], ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8')), 0, $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_product_description_length')) . '..',
                    'price'       => $price,
                    'special'     => $special,
                    'tax'         => $tax,
                    'rating'      => $rating,
                    'href'        => $this->url->link('product/product', 'product_id=' . $product_info['product_id'])
                );

For view / Theme / extention / module / featured.twig
{% if thumb or images %}

        {% if thumb %}

        {% endif %}
        {% if images %}
        {% for image in images %}

        {% endfor %}
        {% endif %}

      {% endif %}

A: The code you used is for a single product, you need to edit it to work with multiple products.
File:
catalog\controller\extension\module\featured.php

Find:
$data['products'][] = array(

Replace with:
$images = array();
$results = $this->model_catalog_product->getProductImages($product_info['product_id']);
foreach ($results as $result) {
    $images[] = array(
        'popup' => $this->model_tool_image->resize($result['image'], $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_popup_width'), $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_popup_height')),
        'thumb' => $this->model_tool_image->resize($result['image'], $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_additional_width'), $this->config->get('theme_' . $this->config->get('config_theme') . '_image_additional_height'))
    );
}
$data['products'][] = array(
    'images'      => $images,

File:
catalog\view\theme\default\template\extension\module\featured.twig

Inside for loop, Add:
{% if product.images %}

{% for image in product.images %}

{% endfor %}

{% endif %}

If you want to enable gallery (magnific-popup), in above controller file, somewhere outside the foreach loop, Add:
$this->document->addScript('catalog/view/javascript/jquery/magnific/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js');
$this->document->addStyle('catalog/view/javascript/jquery/magnific/magnific-popup.css');

In view file, somewhere outside the for loop, Add:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Saptami () is the seventh day (tithi) of the fortnight (paksha) in the Hindu lunar calendar.

Occasions
 Ratha Saptami: Vishnu, in his form as Surya, is usually worshiped on this occasion. Usually, Rathasapthami begins in households with a purification bath by holding a few bilva leaves on one's head while bathing and chanting a verse that is supposed to invoke the benevolence of the deity in all that one takes up the rest of the year. It also involves doing a puja with the ritual 'Naivedyam', flowers and fruits.
 Navaratri: The seventh Day of the Navaratri Kalaratri Puja takes place.
 The birthday of Jalaram Bapa falls on Saptami Shukla paksha of Kartika and is celebrated as Jalaram Jayanti.

References

07


Michael Mark is a hospice volunteer and long distance walker. His poetry has appeared or is forthcoming in Gargoyle Magazine, Paterson Literary Review, Poet Lore, Rattle, Spillway, The Sow's Ear, Sugar House Review, Tar River Poetry, The Galway Review and other nice places. His poetry has been nominated for three Pushcart Prizes and the 2015 Best of the Net.
on time – why bother with poetry?
May he return to know such satisfaction soon!
what do you figure the Vegas odds would be?
that unfold inarticulable knowing or the electric blanket that keeps her toesies cozy?
spotless by the dishwasher, what need for metaphor?
on true love, the clumsy ways of the humans and the familiar gleam of the unimaginable.
Following the faintest of kisses.
Just before light, carrying a cardboard box.
Rarely ever behind a slammed door.
So soon after another has gone.
without them or anyone realizing.
will they ever fix that blinking traffic light?
is our Will and how do you work the DVR?
what you said to me all of these years?
Can we go back a few decades to go over it all again?
decided, who needs a perfectly smooth running engine?
What in life is smooth?
sometimes tiny figure-eights, the shape of infinity.
There is no such a thing as a half-hearted kiss.
It is never only minutes.
It is everything we are left with.
She knows she is going to die.
then bends to kiss my bald spot.
from the ground she sees as dirty.
and mint greens and well timed nods.
Me: It's the nature of all things to be in chaos.
To fight it is to create more disturbance.
She: That's no reason we can't be pleasant.
she bakes cupcakes for the sad children.
For parents of soldiers, a cobbler.
of eating the whole cookie.
She worries God knows this.
for sixteen hours in vegetables on-boarded from Vienne.
on something floating by too quickly to grasp.
Thank you Kateennals for saying so.
these are so deft, so eloquent—I'm almost as dizzy as that drunken bee!


text:
Charlotte Gainsbourg, nascuda amb el nom de Charlotte Lucy Ginsburg el 21 de juliol de 1971 a Londres, és una actriu i cantant anglofrancesa coneguda des que va néixer per ser filla de Serge Gainsbourg i Jane Birkin. Des de molt jove ja va començar a cantar i actuar amb els seus pares. El 2010 ja havia tret tres àlbums en solitari i havia participat en pel·lícules en anglès i francès. El 2009 va guanyar el premi a la millor actriu del Festival de Canes per Anticrist. És parella de l'actor i director de cinema Yvan Attal, amb qui té tres fills.

Biografia

Carrera cinematogràfica

Començaments i progressió (anys 1980-1990)

Comença la seva carrera cinematogràfica molt d'hora, empesa per la seva mare Jane Birkin. Charlotte Gainsbourg ha estat alumna al liceu Molière, a París. L'any 1984, Jane Birkin, en el rodatge de La Pirata de Jacques Doillon, incita la seva filla a passar el càsting d'Élie Chouraqui per a Paraules i música. Obté així el seu primer paper amb tretze anys. L'any següent, Jacques Doillon li ofereix algunes rèpliques a La Tentation d' Isabelle que li suposa ser observada per Claude Miller, que li ofereix el paper principal del seu film L'Effrontée. La seva actuació és premiada pel César a la millor esperança femenina l'any 1986. Treballa a continuació amb Serge Gainsbourg el seu pare a Charlotte for Ever l'any 1986), després amb Agnès Varda i la seva mare l'any 1987.

L'any 1988, Claude Miller la crida de nou per a La Petite Voleuse, sobre un guió de François Truffaut. Amb Merci la vie de Bertrand Blier, Charlotte decideix fer carrera al cinema: « És realment quan he decidit continuar amb aquest ofici. Abans, m'amagava darrere dels pretextos. Volia fer un bon paper. I si no em proposaven més papers? Allò m'aterria. Llavors preferia dir que no sabia si continuaria per aquest camí. » (Le Figaro, 23 de juny de 1996). En aquell moment la seva carrera sembla estancar-se, malgrat retrobar-se amb Jacques Doillon en el paper principal d'Amoureuse.
L'any 1999, la comèdia dramàtica La Bûche li suposa el seu segon Cèsar: el César a la millor actriu secundària.
L'any 2000, és al cartell del drama Passionnément, de Bruno Nuytten i actua en dos telefilms: Les Misérables, de Josée Dayan, i Nuremberg d'Yves Simoneau.

Retorn crític (anys 2000)

La seva carrera pren un nou ímpetu l'any 2001 amb la comèdia dramàtica La meva dona és una actriu amb l'actor Yvan Attal, el seu futur marit. L'any 2003, esdevé la musa de la marca Gérard Darel. Retroba Attal per al seu segon film, Ils se marièrent et eurent beaucoup d'enfants, i forma part del càsting del thriller Grams, on actua al costat de Sean Penn i Naomi Watts.

L'any 2005, és al cartell de dos drames francesos: L'un reste, l'autre part, de Claude Berri, i Lemming, de Dominik Moll. Els films no troben no obstant això l'èxit de les precedents realitzacions dels cineastes. Del mateix l'any 2006, La Science des rêves no rep la mateixa acollida crítica i comercial del precedent llargmetratge de Michel Gondry, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.

No obstant això, l'actriu sorprèn en cap de cartell d'una comèdia romàntica: Prête-moi ta main, d'Éric Lartigau. L'actriu dona la rèplica a Alain Chabat, amb qui ja s'havia creuat a La Science des Rêves i Ils se marièrent et eurent beaucoup d'enfants.

L'any 2007, defensa dos projectes estrangers: el biòpic americà I'm Not There, de Todd Haynes, sobre la vida del cantant folk Bob Dylan; i el drama històric italià Nuovomondo (Golden Door), d'Emanuele Crialese.
La nit del 5 al 6 de setembre de 2007, és operada d'urgència d'una hemorràgia cerebral, després d'un accident de Moto d'aigua.

L'any 2008, el drama City of Your Final Destination, de James Ivory, passa desapercebut. Però l'any següent, és el cap de cartell de dos projectes observats i d'escàndol: Antichrist, de Lars von Trier, i Persecution, de Patrice Chéreau.
El mateix any, el 27 de febrer, presideix la 34a cerimònia dels Cèsar animada per Antoine de Caunes, al costat de Sean Penn.
Rep en el festival de Canes 2009 el premi a la interpretació femenina per al seu paper a Antichrist de Lars von Trier. El film suscita una certa controvèrsia tan per la violència d'algunes escenes com per l'ambigüitat del tema.

Confirmació (anys 2010)

En maig 2010 surten uns dibuixos sobre Charlotte: Charlotte Gainsbourg mon amour a les edicions Delcourt, un homenatge humorístic del dissenyador Fabrice Tarrin que la representa sota els trets d'un aneguet amb una mandíbula prognata. Ha declarat en una entrevista en el cas del seu físic: « La meva mandíbula prognata ve del meu pare alcohòlic i la meva talla, de la meva mare maniquí. ».

El 23 de maig de 2010, Charlotte Gainsbourg lliura la Palma d'Or del 63è festival de Canes al realitzador tailandès Apichatpong Weerasethakul per al film Oncle Boonmee, el que recorda les seves vides anteriors.
L'any 2011, retroba Lars von Trier, el seu mentor des d'aleshores, per a un segon paper a Melancholia, protagonitzada per Kirsten Dunst, i l'any 2013, forma part del repartiment internacional reunit pel cineasta pel díptic Nymphomaniac
Del 9 al 19 de febrer de 2012, és membre del jurat del 62è festival de Berlín , presidit pel realitzador Mike Leigh

Aquest mateix any, és al cartell del drama franco-britànic Confession d'un enfant du siècle, de Sylvie Verheyde; i amb el seu espòs Yvan Attal al seu tercer llargmetratge com a realitzador amb el remake Do Not Disturb.

Abandona França i s'instal·la a Greenwich Village, Nova York, després de la mort de la seva germana Kate Barry, l'any 2013.

L'any 2014, evoluciona en diversos projectes molt diferents: en principi la sàtira Jacky au royaume des filles, escrita i dirigida per Riad Sattouf, llavors coronat de l'èxit de Beaux Gosses. A continuació retroba Attal aquest cop com a actor al drama Son épouse, de Michel Spinosa. Forma part després de dues parelles atípiques: primer amb l'actor belga Benoit Poelvoorde per al drama Trois coeurs, de Benoît Jacquot; i el gran projecte Samba, d'Éric Toledano i Olivier Nakache. Finalment, té un dels papers principals de la comèdia dramàtica L' Incomprise, dirigida per l'actriu Asia Argento.

L'any 2015, forma part del càsting internacional reunit per al drama Every Thing Will Be Fine pel cineasta Wim Wenders. L'any 2016 fa el seu primer blockbuster de Hollywood, el remake/continuació d'Independence Day: Resurgence, de Roland Emmerich; i el quart llargmetratge d'Yvan Attal , el film d'esquetxos Ils sont partout. Els dos films són acollits molt tèbiament.

L'any 2017 surt discretament al thriller polonès True Crimes, d'Alexandros Avranas, de Jim Carrey; un altre projecte sortit confidencialment, el drama israelià Norman, escrit i realitzat per Joseph Cedar; una altra co-producció internacional, Le Bonhomme de neige, de Tomas Alfredson, amb Michael Fassbender en el paper del títol.
Pel que fa al cinema francès, defensa el drama Les Fantômes d'Ismaël, d'Arnaud Desplechin, on s'enfronta a l'estrella internacional Marion Cotillard. A continuació comparteix el cartell del drama La Promesse de l'aube amb Pierre Niney, davant de la càmera d'Éric Barbier.

Carrera musical

Charlotte ha cantat diverses vegades, la primera en l'àlbum de Serge Gainsbourg, Love on the Beat, l'any 1984, on canta en duo Lemon Incest amb ell. Un vídeoclip on Charlotte apareix al costat del seu pare completa aquesta ambigüitat; les paraules evoquen « l'amor que no farem mai junts ».

L'any 1986, torna amb l'àlbum Charlotte for Ever on, amb el posat d'una adolescent difícil, canta una sèrie de textos de contingut tot provocador: Charlotte for Ever, Més suau amb mi (els dos en duo amb Serge), Élastique, Zéro pointé vers l'infini.

Durant vuit anys no cantarà més fins al que s'embarca a l'aventura de Les Enfoirés, els cantants fan Les Restos du coeur: l'any 1994, a l'espectacle Les Enfoirés au Grand Rex, interpreta Di doo dah, escrita pel seu pare i creada per la seva mare, Un altre món de Telephone i La chanson des restos de Jean-Jacques Goldman. Treballa novament l'any 2001 per Les Restos du coeur, en L'Odyssée des Enfoirés on interpreta, entre d'altres, una cançó de Renaud, Manu, amb Francis Cabrel, Julien Clerc i un altre actor, Thierry Lhermitte.
L'any 1996, participa en la banda original de Love, etc.. l'any 2000, se sent la seva veu a l'àlbum Music de Madonna: el començament de la cançó What It Feels Like for a Girl conté algunes paraules pronunciades per Charlotte al film Cement Garden. El seu últim duo és If amb Étienne Daho, sobre l'àlbum Réévolution (2003) d'aquest últim. l'any 2005, Charlotte participa en la banda original de L'un reste, l'autre part, interpretant la cançó del mateix nom.

El 28 d'agost de 2006 d'agost treu el seu segon àlbum 5:55 en col·laboració amb el grup Air, Jarvis Cocker, Nigel Godrich, Tony Allen, David Campbell i Neil Hannon de The Divine Comedy. L'àlbum té títols en francès i en anglès.

El seu tercer àlbum, IRM, tret el desembre de 2009, ha estat produït pel músic americà Beck Hansen. El seu quart àlbum Stage Whisper surt l'any 2011.

El seu cinquè àlbum, Rest, surt el 17 de novembre de 2017. Conté onze títols gravats a Nova York, entre els quals un compost per Paul McCartney. El primer extret del mateix nom, coescrit i compost per Guy-Manuel de Homem-Christo (Daft Punk), és descobert a començaments de setembre, seguit pels títols Deadly Valentine i Ring-A-Ring O' Roses. Charlotte crida els seus fills (Alice, Joe i Ben Attal) per actuar als clips que il·lustren aquestes cançons. Per a aquest àlbum, rep l'any 2018 el premi de la música a la categoria cantant femenina de l'any.

 Vida privada

Filla de Serge Gainsbourg i de Jane Birkin, és la companya des de 1991 d'Yvan Attal, actor i realitzador. Tenen tres fills, Ben (1997), Alice (2002) i Jo (2011).
Neboda del realitzador Andrew Birkin i fillola de Yul Brynner, Charlotte Gainsbourg té igualment dues germanastres, Kate Barry i Lou Doillon pel costat de la seva mare; així com dos germanastres, Paul i Lucien Gainsbourg (més conegut amb el diminutiu « Lulu », fill de Bambou) i una germanastra, Natacha, pel costat del seu pare.Va parlar detingudament del seu pare. Serge Gainsbourg, recordant el clip provocador de Lemon Incest i del rodatge de Charlotte for Ever: « I ell, tal com el vaig conèixer, no corresponia al que descobria en un rodatge, en un escenari. No era el mateix. [...]

El meu pare tenia diverses facetes i ho sabia, però havia de fer això i ser jo mateixa en aquesta espiral, era dur viure. Vindria la desaparició, de cop, l'any 1991: Tenia 19 anys quan va morir el meu pare. Pensava que no me'n sortiria. [...] He fet com si fos encara allà. [...] Durant anys, era un esquinçall. Yvan m'ha recuperat molt poc temps després i ha tingut la paciència d'esperar, no sé... deu anys... que, de mica en mica, emergís. Hi havia també una complaença en la desgràcia.

 Filmografia
 1984: Paroles et musique d'Elie Chouraqui
 1985: L'Effrontée de Claude Miller
 1985: La Tentation d'Isabelle de Jacques Doillon
 1986: Charlotte For Ever de Serge Gainsbourg
 1987: Jane B par Agnès V d'Agnès Varda
 1987: Kung-fu master! d'Agnès Varda
 1988: La Petite voleuse de Claude Miller
 1990: Merci la vie de Bertrand Blier
 1990: Aux yeux du monde d'Éric Rochant
 1990: El sol també a la nit (Il sole anche di notte) dels Germans Taviani
 1991: Amoureuse de Jacques Doillon
 1991: Contre l'oubli de Patrice Chéreau
 1991: Anna Oz d'Éric Rochant
 1992: The Cement Garden d'Andrew Birkin
 1993: Grosse Fatigue de Michel Blanc
 1994: Jane Eyre de Franco Zeffirelli
 1996: Love, etc. de Marion Vernoux
 1998: Passionnément de Bruno Nuytten
 1999: La intrusa (The Intruder) de David Bailey
 1999: La Bûche de Danièle Thompson
 2000: Félix et Lola de Patrice Leconte
 2001: Ma femme est une actrice d'Yvan Attal
 2004: Ils se marièrent et eurent beaucoup d'enfants d'Yvan Attal
 2004: 21 Grams d'Alejandro González Iñárritu
 2005: L'un reste, l'autre part de Claude Berri
 2005: Lemming de Dominik Moll
 2006: Prête-moi ta main d'Eric Lartigau
 2006: La science des rêves de Michel Gondry
 2006: Nuovomondo d'Emanuele Crialese
 2007: The City of Your Final Destination de James Ivory
 2007: I'm Not There de Todd Haynes
 2009: Antichrist de Lars von Trier
 2009: Persécution de Patrice Chéreau
 2010: L'Arbre de Julie Bertuccelli
 2011: Melancholia de Lars von Trier
 2012: Confession d'un enfant du siècle de Sylvie Verheyde
 2012: Do Not Disturb d'Yvan Attal
 2013: Nymphomaniac de Lars von Trier
 2014: Jacky au royaume des filles de Riad Sattouf
 2014: Son épouse de Michel Spinosa
 2014: Trois cœurs de Benoît Jacquot
 2014: Samba d'Éric Toledano et Olivier Nakache
 2014: L'Incomprise d'Asia Argento
 2015: Every Thing Will Be Fine de Wim Wenders
 2016: Ils sont partout d'Yvan Attal
 2016: Independence Day: Resurgence de Roland Emmerich
 2017: True Crimes d'Alexandros Avranas
 2017: Oppenheimer Strategies de Joseph Cedar
 2017: The Snowman de Tomas Alfredson
 2017: Les Fantômes d'Ismaël d'Arnaud Desplechin
 2017: La Promesse de l'Aube d'Eric Barbier
 2018: Seuls sur Terre (I Think We're Alone Now) de Reed Morano
 2019: Mon chien stupide d'Yvan Attal
 2019: Lux Æterna de Gaspar Noé (mig metratge)
 2020: Suzanna Andler de Benoît Jacquot
 2021: Les Choses humaines d'Yvan Attal

Discografia

 1986: Charlotte for Ever
 2006: 5:55
 2009: IRM

Premis
 2009: Premi del Festival de Cannes a la millor actriu per Antichrist
 2000: Premi César a la millor actriu secundària per La bûche
 1985: Premi César a la millor actriu revelació per L'effrontée

Referències

Enllaços externs

 Web oficial

Actors de cinema francesos
Actors de cinema londinencs
Cantants londinencs
Cantants francesos
Oficials de l'Orde de les Arts i les Lletres
Anglesos d'ascendència francesa
Guanyadores del Premi a la interpretació femenina del Festival de Canes
Guanyadores del premi César a la millor actriu secundària
Guanyadores del premi César a la millor actriu revelació


From there, a Ricof Instamatic (lost) a Pentax Instamatic (sadly no longer works), progressing onto an SLR, a Pentax ME with three lenses, a 40mm and 200mm prime lens and a 70 – 300 zoom lens. Some years on I moved into the Digital world with the Canon EOS 450D and recently upgrading to a 70D.
Now having to work out how to fit the lens and get the Asahi SMC Pentax-M 2.8 40mm prime to work on my Canon, I researched the internet and learnt I would have to buy a lens adaptor (obviously) which then led me down the Rabbit Hole of lens types and fittings – (I will go into detail about this later) – which steered me off down another Rabbit Hole – the intriguing/magical world of vintage prime lenses and what they can do and how faaaabulous they are.
My first adaptor purchased was from Fotodiox – (they are the best by the way so don't go for the cheaper substitutes as you don't want to damage your Digital camera's lens socket) followed the video carefully showing how to fit it onto the lens and then attach it to the camera and off I went, pleased as a piggy in the hay and the sun was shining woo hoo!
I already knew I would have to manually set the lens as all the usual auto settings one has on the modern digital camera between camera and lens do not exist with using a vintage lens. So keeping in mind that adapted lenses will nearly always be limited to manual focus and manually calculating exposure, these lenses have forced me to take time to think about each image, which is artistically a great thing and a whole new re-learning process.
After lots of images being over and under exposed and blurred, I finally got it right and the joy when accomplished was indescribable – almost like discovering the magic of photography all over again.
I then tried with the SMC Pentax-M f4 200mm prime lens that came with the camera, I was initially quite disappointed with the poor results which I thought was due to the lens having internal mould from lack of proper care but recently having another crack at it indoors and on a tripod I was delighted to find the 'old gal' was not only as good as ever but absolutely tack sharp! So don't ever disregard your old lenses as way past their sell-by-date – like us elderlies we still a lot of life in us.
Therefore my first purchase went towards a replacement, an older and supposedly superior version, the Asahi Super Multi Coated Takumar f4 200mm and I truly was not disappointed. It really is a lovely vintage lens, heavy but that's due to the excellent build quality and the focus ring on this lens is a joy to use.
I am still experimenting with it. Distance is required to get into focus especially if singling out a solo flower for instance and a tripod definitely helps. Again, getting the exposure does present adjustments and thought but when I do, it is most rewarding. The bokeh is gorgeous as is the very shallow depth of field as seen in the three following images.
That was the start and, as I said, I was hooked. Through researching I found many blogs and videos on You Tube describing the range of Pentax Vintage Prime lenses , the best to buy, going into the quality of the glass found in these vintages for sharpness and colour integrity and how cheaply/inexpensively they could be found on eBay plus invaluable tips on how to spot glass and casing damage etc. Some were inexpensive but others have become very collectable causing their prices to climb fairly steadily since it has now become a popular trend along with the return to film photography.
Let me add here that without going into too much technical detail about each lens (you'll find so much more information on the internet if you are interested and want to take it further) I will simply cover what I have purchased so far, my experience with each lens so far and add relating images.
The next lens I got excited about is the Super Takuma 28mm f3.5 , another wonderful vintage lens I chose to purchase as I was looking for one I could play with for travel, landscape and street photography. I think it might just become one of my favourites even though getting it right does need a lot of playing around with on the settings.
After that, still searching for more (I know) I came across excellent reviews for the Super Multi Coated Takuma f1.8 85mm lens offering a fast portraiture lens with great sharpness and lovely bokeh. So I purchased it and love it. I have found it is a joy to use, the focus ring smooth to operate plus with a solid build quality. I haven't had the opportunity to try portraiture with it yet and plan to do so in a studio-type set-up here at home.
So what about the "Nifty Fifty" you may well ask? I do have the Canon EF 50mm f/1.8, a basic and inexpensive lens. It's okay although seems to lack the tack-sharpness I look for (could be me though) but hey, I'm into Vintage here and simply had to have that one to complete my collection.
Very recently through kindness and good fortune, I was generously given an SMC Pentax-A f/1.7 50mm so without further ado I attached it to my Canon and went out and about to see how it fared. I have to admit to raising some suspicion to a homeowner who, looking out his window, saw me focusing closely into his hedge with the camera and I suppose thought this could be a ruse on my part to surreptitiously take images of his home for nefarious reasons. An explanation (wanting a close-up of a dying leaf in his hedge) and a winning smile soon relaxed him again enough to return back into his house on his pretended mobile call.
Shortly after that I happened to see an old film camera in the window of our local charity shop and as fast as a chicken onto a June bug, I was in there to take a closer look. A treasure found when I discovered the lens attached was another vintage, an Asahi Auto-Takuma f/1.8 55mm priced at only £15.00. Sold immediately to this crazy lady. Only when the weather lifted did I ventured out again finding some interesting subjects to shoot, quite different to my usual style. It was great fun and the shallow DoF seen through the lens delightful.
Generally my Pentax vintage collection comes with two different mount types – the M42 mounts and the later models are with a K mount and the great thing is Foto Diox produce adaptors to cover all lens to camera types.
Do I need all these lenses – probably not.
Do I like them – heck yes, I love them! them all. They just feel so good and solid and the settings operate so smoothly.
Have I used them all – Oh yes, with some fabulous results.
I hope you have enjoyed my "Entry-Level" trip into using vintage lenses and once I have gained more experience in using them with a far more interesting collection of images, I will follow up with another blog post to share with you.


When Lennar says they have the "everything home" they mean that everything is wrong. They did not caulk the windows or outlets leading to leaks when it rains. My "energy star" home if filled with drafts. The drywall was not taped in the corners or ceiling leading to hairline cracks everywhere. The cheapest materials were used including the upgrades that I over paid for. Unskilled labor was used so the walls are crooked. I can hear every step someone takes upstairs because of poor instalation. The list goes on. I would tell anyone not to buy a Lennar home. I made a comment on my facebook so all can see.
air-conditioning. Try to work in that office in the summer...in the desert. Then there's the loan that we were induced to use because of incentives, which we did not receive. We did not receive the landscaping we requested and changes were made to our floor plan.


text:
Xeroaloysia es un género de plantas con flores  pertenecientes a la familia de las Verbenaceae. Su especie: Xeroaloysia ovatifolia (Moldenke) Tronc., Darwiniana 12: 51 (1960), es originaria de Argentina donde se encuentra en Córdoba.

Sinonimia
Aloysia ovatifolia Moldenke, Lilloa 5: 379 (1940).

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Imágenes en Google

Verbenaceae
Flora de Argentina
Flora de América del Sur continental


text:
Tag Archives: Joel Embiid
Basketball, NBA, Sports
At some time between revolutionizing his position and casually accumulating scoring nights the likes of which would be almost any other player's career highlight, Steph Curry re-inverted the basketball court. As singular as he is a shooter, playmaker and scorer, his exploits have influenced the way teams play, even beyond his own Golden State Warriors.
A hallmark of the Warriors dynasty – and, accordingly, a window into NBA team assembly prior to and during Golden State's run – has been a lack of a dominant center in the traditional sense. Because the Warriors typically shoot more threes than any other type of shot and tend to eschew the midrange and rim, and because they have a nontraditional big man, Draymond Green, act as center in their most important lineups, the notion of a center in the Shaq or Hakeem mold never made sense for the Warriors; many other teams tried to follow the blueprint, to mixed results at best.
If Curry was the endpoint of the NBA's first three-point revolution, he was also indirectly the catalyst for revitalizing the center position. Even as we are inundated with reminders that the NBA's position classifications are antiquated and, in cases where contract bonuses are tied to honors and awards, harmful, they nevertheless remain useful as a contextual foundation for what a player could be on offense, a foundation, even if that doesn't pan out: Luka and Giannis are point guards in the bodies of forwards; Russell Westbrook is essentially a tiny center; Karl-Anthony Towns is a massive, volume-scoring shooting guard.
Through this lens, no single player in today's NBA represents the return of the center specifically better than two-time defending MVP Nikola Jokic, whose pursuit of a threepeat this season has already taken shape. As his Denver Nuggets press for top playoff seeding in the Western Conference, Jokic, nominally a center, is among the league leaders in assists, something only Wilt Chamberlain has previously done as a center.
Not so fast – To focus on the "sudden" rush to the bottom for Victor Wembanyama and, especially after their recent matchup on national TV, Scoot Henderson is to overlook what lies directly before us this NBA season. In what was bound to be a year of questions surrounding contenders, we've returned to another slate full of them.
In any case, we return, steeled to run directly into the fire. Who knows what awaits this caravan? New stats, new players, a continuous flow of publicly-available scandals: it isn't all here, but we'll make do. Forget STOCKS, or AST:TO ratio. The new way to identify player efficacy is assists+steals+blocks divided by/turnovers. Get used to it, identify your new Point Gawd, and get ready for tip-off.
He Walked This Earth
America, Basketball, College Basketball, NBA, Olympics, Politics, race, Sports
He wasn't the inspiration for the logo – he couldn't have been, not at that time, nor under those circumstances. That was inevitably going to be the territory of less outspoken, likely fairer-skinned players, the kind who bowed knee to the ownership class and played into media narratives about themselves at a time when the league needed characters.
Even after eleven championships as a player, including two as the first Black head coach of a team in the four major North American men's sports, Bill Russell was never destined to be what the league wanted the logo to be. By the time of its introduction in 1969, Russ, who passed away Sunday at the age of 88, was already so much more.
Man Is Always Prey To His Truths
The days are getting longer. They look short but continue for ages. At once, a new day will be upon you and gone almost before it happened. They pile up, the days, and the blurring of colors at dusk can just as easily be the memories of events that slip between the cracks, regardless of importance.
When we think about the things that are familiar, we can have a sense of present-nostalgia: yes, I know that deli; of course, I've seen that player many times; indeed, I fell out without ever actually falling in with a group of people during that game. We think we know who we are, and we assert that to the world, only for the world to remind us of a different reality.
For a time almost destined to be locked inside of itself, quarantined or otherwise, the Philadelphia 76ers are a perfect emblem. The sense of what the Sixers are, or were, or will be(?) has shifted in the various allegedly-conscious organs of fans and onlookers nearly by the minute ever since Ben Simmons essentially ruled himself AWOL. Joel Embiid is currently enjoying an MVP-caliber campaign, this time as earnest as ever, but – thanks to old pal Daryl Morey – here comes James Harden, and the bevy of his flavor in seeming full force.
"Look at the owl on me"
Jesse D. Garrabrant/Getty Images
In the grand scheme of these playoffs, it is a singular moment that, taken to any other end, wouldn't have mattered. The capital-A Adult Jimmy Butler shot just preceding it had tied the game at 90 apiece, meaning it would have gone to overtime anyway. Like the Damian Lillard shot against Oklahoma City before it – but also, so very unlike the Damian Lillard shot against Oklahoma City before it – the fortune of the shooter's team would, at the very least, have been no worse in the moment after had he missed.
When Kawhi's moonshot clinked-clanked-clunked-and-clinked-again before dropping in, sealing the Toronto Raptors' 92-90 victory and sending the representatives of the lone Canadian outpost in the NBA to the Eastern Conference Finals, the basketball world stopped, if only for a brief respite. Now, with that ball through the hoop and the Raptors on to a date with the Milwaukee Bucks, as many questions have arisen as were answered.
How Do You Solve a Problem Like Markelle?
Bill Streicher/USA TODAY Sports
Last Sunday in Brooklyn, after having been down by as much as 20 points, the Philadelphia 76ers found themselves with the ball, down a single point, with less than ten seconds remaining. On the floor were, predictably, four Sixers regulars – Joel Embiid, Ben Simmons, JJ Redick and Wilson Chandler – as well as the recently-acquired Jimmy Butler. In an eerily similar sequence to one that had played out the weekend before in Charlotte, Butler shook free on the right wing and hit a step back three-pointer to give his team the lead, leaving under a second on the clock for his opponents. The Sixers won, 127-125.
Notably absent from the proceedings, yet again, was Philadelphia's first #1 overall draft pick to actually play in his first year since Allen Iverson, a 20-year-old who has amassed a total of 680 minutes in 33 games over his two seasons in the NBA and who has not played since November 19th, in which he logged seven minutes against the lowly Phoenix Suns (more on them momentarily). Butler's arrival, insertion into the starting lineup ahead of Fultz and evident, immediate impact has all but rendered Markelle Fultz a redundancy, so to speak, if not yet a flat-out bust. The undrafted T.J. McConnell is now soaking up minutes left behind by a former #1 overall pick, with the latter left in limbo.
Elton Brand was last an active NBA player less than two years ago. He put up 4.1 points, 3.7 rebounds and 1.1 assists in seventeen games, including one start, with the 2015-'16 Philadelphia 76ers, which won exactly 10 games, only one ahead of the all-time NBA record for fewest victories in an 82-game season, held by the 1972-'73 Sixers[1]. He wasn't especially good, but neither was anybody else on that team. Shout out to leading scorer, then-rookie and soon-to-be journeyman Jahlil Okafor, for throwing up 17.5 points and seven rebounds a night; your efforts were well-regarded in Manayunk, I'm sure[2].
A native of Peekskill, New York, and well-traveled otherwise via his not-quite-journeyman-like career in the NBA, Brand would qualify as the Wooderson-like guy who has seen some things, if the NBA were a teen sex comedy. Following his retirement, the second and final he would announce, he was immediately appointed to various player development positions within the Sixers organization before, on Tuesday, being announced as Bryan Colangelo's non-burner account replacement as Philadelphia's general manager. By bringing in a relative veteran of The Process, this puts the fittingly weird cap on a strange but bountiful summer for a team on the cusp of Eastern Conference pre-eminence.
A Theatre Of Envy
Lonnie Walker, with a fan/Kevin Hagen, AP
There are two incontrovertible truths about the NBA Draft, the 2018 edition of which occurred Thursday night, with which only the most high-minded blowhards and low-minded rubes refuse to agree: one, that it ought to be abolished entirely, allowing incoming rookies to enter a special free agency period before standard free agency; and two, that nobody knows exactly how players are going to pan out upon arrival to the league, all your Tracy McGrady and Darko comparisons be damned.
On the first, many others have pontificated in much better fashion than I could in this space, right now. It would be complicated to implement something like a rookies-only free agency period, particularly with the value of draft picks present and future as they are in the NBA, but it would not be impossible[1]. Perhaps something like ratioed salary cap allowances, in which each draft pick is worth a certain amount of money under the salary cap, or even simply straight cash, homie, could do the trick, but I'll leave that to those with more money and power than subway rats and their constituents possess.
AP Photo/Michael Dwyer
It all feels pretty much normal now, doesn't it? It's the first week of May, and we have: LeBron treating the Air Canada Centre like a rental property; the Warriors strutting out to a 2-0 series lead over New Orleans, thanks in part to the return of Steph Curry and despite the ongoing dominance of Anthony Davis; the Wizards watching from home by the second round; and the Rockets having decimated the league's best defensive team of the second half of the season (and subsequently falling in Game 2, calling into question Houston's bona fides).
By most accounts, even after one of the most exciting first rounds in recent NBA playoff memory, everything is pretty much going according to plan[1]. Everything, that is, except for the other Eastern Conference Semifinal, featuring two young-ish teams boasting a wealth of talent and assets. It wouldn't have been totally unreasonable to expect either the Philadelphia 76ers or the Boston Celtics to be in their current positions, but to have done it like this, each in their own, singular ways, is as impressive as it is foreboding.
Steph Curry is the Most Important Player in the 2018 NBA Playoffs
By Ray McCreavy
Jeff Chiu/Associated Press
The most influential player in the 2018 NBA playoffs has yet to attempt a shot. I wish I could claim that I was referring to Joel Embiid[1], the man currently known as the Phantom of the Process. Embiid clearly has the potential to place near the top of any list of "important" players, but the absurdly athletic and constantly entertaining center still has only regular season accomplishments to his name. Besides that fact, the most influential player I was referring to has arguably cast such a long shadow over the sport, that his performance over the past three years seems to have inspired the league's young seven footers to work on their long distance shooting as much as their post games. With apologies to the process, I'm talking about Steph Curry.
Curry has been missing from the action long enough that the Houston Rockets closed the gap to become near co-favorites to win the title. The Warriors have only lost one playoff game out of their last 19. Yet, FiveThirtyEight, while leaning (too?) heavily on regular season data, has only just moved them from seventh to third in their ELO rankings. Back-to-back blowouts of their weakened rivals from San Antonio have barely jogged the culture's collective short memory.


Franklin, Tom. Poachers: Stories.New York: William Morrow, 1999.
Franklin, Tom. Hell at the Breech.New York: William Morrow, 2003.
Franklin, Tom. Smonk, or, Widow Town: Being the Scabrous Adventures of E. O. Smonk & of the Whore Evavangeline in Clarke County, Alabama, Early in the Last Century ....New York: William Morrow, 2006.
Tom Franklin was born and raised in Dickinson, Ala. He began writing by creating his own comic books and writing stories inspired by the Tarzan and Conan the Barbarian books. His family moved to Mobile after he graduated from high school. Franklin attended the University of South Alabama and graduated with a BA in English. He supported himself during that period by working in a hospital morgue, a sandblasting grit factory, and a chemical plant. Franklin later attended the University of Arkansas where he earned an MFA in 1998. He taught briefly at the University of South Alabama.
Franklin's collection of short stories, Poachers, was published in 1999. His publication contract for Poachers required him to write a novel also. Hell at the Breech, a fictionalized version of the Mitcham War of Clarke County, Ala., was published in 2003. Franklin has held the Philip Roth Residency in Creative Writing at Bucknell University and has been Writer-in-Residence at Knox College, the John and Renee Grisham Writer-in-Residence at University of Mississippi, and the Tennessee Williams Fellow at University of the South. Franklin has been awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and a residency at the MacDowell Colony. Currently, he is Writer-in-Residence at the University of Mississippi. Franklin is married to the poet Beth Ann Fennelly and lives with his family in Oxford, Miss.
Tom Franklin's stories are dark and often violent but sometimes humorous and poignant. They feature working-class characters and are set in southern Alabama.
Wetzel, Eric. "Hellraiser" Book 29 (2003):50-5.
Photo by Maude Schuyler Clay; courtesy of William Morrow/HarperCollins.


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Warsaw is surrounded by many beautiful and historical places of interest so this is a great opportunity to arrange a full day, outside of the city, trip.
The entire trip will take about 10 hours so you have to start at 8 a.m. at the latest! Total distance is about 180 km.
Another proposal is a day trip to Kampinos National Park. Take your car and a bike! The car can be parked just behind Palmiry village at the unguarded free parking. Then take several hours tip into the Kapinos forests.
Visit our website from time to time as we plan to describe more places of interest outside Warsaw soon!