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- 10 min. read
Where Next for the French Greens?
More by Alain Lipietz
France and Macron's Europe Beneath the Surface of the Crisis: A Closer Look at the state of French Greens Policy in a Time of Monsters: Ten theses
The European elections were yet another confirmation that the future of French politics remain very much open. Populist forces, in their far-right and progressive neoliberal incarnations, led the pack, while the old parties failed to recover. But there were signs that the Le Pen-Macron axis can be overcome. After a campaign marked by climate activism and ongoing gilet jaunes protests, the Greens emerged as a strong independent force on a much divided Left. With elections on the horizon at all levels in 2021 and 2022, Alain Lipietz analyses the new cleavages beyond left and right, the limits of populist strategy, and what it all means for the future of political ecology in France.
For both good and bad reasons, France's 2019 European election felt like the most important in years. To start with the bad, national politics dominated this time around. A single proportional countrywide list replaced the constituencies used in previous elections. This new system personalised the debate around the lead candidates. With the exception of the Europe Écologie Les Verts (EELV), the candidates framed the vote as a re-run of the 2017 French presidential election. It did not always pay off, but it certainly spiced up the campaign.
More positively, the European question came back. The big losers were those calling for an anti-Macron referendum rather than a debate on European politics. President Emmanuel Macron presented the elections as part of a Europe-wide battle between populists, Marine Le Pen's Rassemblement National (RN) on the far right and La France Insoumise (LFI) on the far left, and progressives, his La République En Marche (LREM). Marine Le Pen and her lead candidate happily obliged.
Rassemblement National received a similar result as in the first round of the 2017 presidential election, but this time it came out on top. RN won 23 per cent of the vote in May and LREM 22 per cent. In 2017, Le Pen achieved 21 per cent and Macron 24 per cent in the first round. The third and fourth-placed parties from 2017, which back then hovered around 20 per cent, were routed. Laurent Wauquiez's centre-right Les Républicains received only 8.5 per cent and Jean-Luc Mélenchon's far-left La France Insoumise only 6.3 per cent, poor showings in part explained by their lack of a clear pro-European message.
The desire to remain in Europe no longer represents European idealism, but a sort of insurance policy.
The ceiling for RN and LFI votes was already apparent from the 2017 election, which revealed France to be Eurosceptic, but not drastically so. The RN grasped this, claiming to no longer want to leave the EU or the single currency, and referencing Matteo Salvini and Viktor Orbán's standing up to Brussels. By proposing to leave the treaties, Mélenchon condemned LFI lead candidate Manon Aubry to defeat, despite her moves to soften the position with talk of disobeying rather than rejecting the EU outright.
Disobedience is nothing new. It is precisely the tactic Salvini and Orbán use to trample over the EU's values. Not to mention French governments of all stripes, who have never subscribed to the dogma of a 3.0 per cent budget deficit. Britain's Brexit misadventures seem to have vaccinated other member states against leaving. Instead, they remain but do whatever they want. This is a dangerous basis for European integration, but explains the decline of movements calling for EU exit.
On a more positive note, Europe is beginning to represent a bulwark, not against war between European countries (an old argument that is, wrongly, deemed no longer effective), but against a hostile outside world dominated by authoritarian nationalism from China to Russia to the United States.
Unfortunately, opinion polls show that the French, with good reason, believe that Europe does not provide enough protection when it comes to foreign, social and environmental policies. The desire to remain in Europe no longer represents European idealism, but a sort of insurance policy.
The failure of left-wing populism
The RN's electoral victory should not mask both a slight erosion in support in percentage terms, down 1.5 per cent compared to the 2014 European elections, nor gains of hundreds of thousands of votes (turnout increased considerably). With its rhetoric on crime, its xenophobia, and its personalisation of politics, the RN seems to be satisfying its base: the economically insecure working class and the traditional lower middle class threatened by globalisation. This political position is called "populism" by the media, which makes sense as far as political style is concerned. But it is confusing and misleading when populism becomes a euphemism for extremist and anti-European. This is exactly the ideological, and unacceptable, ruse used by Macronists to put the RN and LFI in the same box.
La France Insoumise is left wing in that it is anti-racist, in favour of social progress, and even increasingly ecologist. But, like the RN, Emmanuel Macron, and the lead candidate for Greens Yannick Jadot, it eschews the description "left-wing". It claims that the 20th century right/left cleavage of social conservatism and free enterprise versus cultural liberalism and social legislation is obsolete. But then what has replaced it?
We should remember that populism is a term that dates to the period between 1930 and 1950. It describes a political force whose leader claims to represent 'the people' against the supposedly out-of-touch 'elites' of the business world and the state. Franklin Roosevelt in the United States, Lazaro Cardenas in Mexico, Getulio Vargas in Brazil, and Juan Peron in Argentina were all branded populists and implemented left-wing interventionist and illiberal social policies.
That definition still holds true, but with one important change: the populists of the 1930s relied upon vast civil society organisations such as unions or corporations. Today's populists have freed themselves from these organisations reducing Peronism's famous balcony politics to rallies and TV appearances. Notwithstanding this difference, the RN and the LFI are very much part of the populist tradition. As is Macron, who built his campaign without a party by embarking on a listening tour of the French heartlands, and who governs from the top down with contempt for civil society organisations.
This form of neo-populism now spans the political spectrum, left, right, and centre. Its success stems from the crisis in political representation caused by the mismatch between an essentially national political space and a globalised (though principally European) economic space. National representative politics has been left powerless. This impotence fuels either hope of a true European politics (something that André Gorz began calling for the labour movement to adopt in the 1960s) or calls for a strong leader like Orbán or Salvini who can show Brussels a thing or two. [1] It follows that where support for the European Union has risen, as is the case across northern and western Europe with the exception of England, populism has been stopped in its tracks.
Economic liberalism has fragmented society and reduced individuals to simple sellers of their labour power.
But there is a deeper cause underlying the erosion of civil society. Economic liberalism has fragmented society and reduced individuals to simple sellers of their labour power. 150 years of advances, that had structured society as a place of dialogue and compromise between organised social classes, has been rolled back. France's gilets jaunes movement is the one of the first revolts against this uberisation of society, against a form of capitalism without organised labour. A similar configuration in 19th-century France led to the Bonapartism of Napoléon III, a phenomenon that Marx described as typical of a society structured like a "sack of potatoes".[2]
Like Bonapartism, the neo-populist style assumes that the people are not organised. This suits an RN espousing a form of xenophobic and economically interventionist Führerprinzip. It does not fit with Macron's centrism, nor with a left-wing movement that stands for democracy and self-organisation of the people. Chantal Mouffe, a former Gramscian, may advocate left populism that "constructs a people" through mass organisations and debates. But this neo-populist style appears unsuitable for a movement such as LFI that wishes to strengthen the people's control – through self-organisation – over the relationship between workers and employers and the relationship between humankind and the environment.[3] This contradiction was laid bare at the European elections when La France Insoumise proved unable to harness the gilets jaunes movement. Elsewhere, the slump of the Five Star Movement in Italy highlighted the incoherence of governing at the same time as purporting to be anti-systemic and in favour of disobedience and rebellion.
Left-wing populism attempts to resolve these contradictions with references to Carl Schmitt, the right-wing philosopher who provided the theoretical underpinnings of the Nazi regime. Carl Schmitt's critique of liberalism certainly has plenty to offer the Left. But his two key positive theses pose a problem:
Sovereignty is the power to decide in a situation of exception. This is the theoretical basis for the rhetoric of rebellion against the EU. But it can also be taken to mean that there are no rules, something that suits economic liberalism but is ultimately damaging to social justice and the environment, which require collective rules at a supranational level.
The people are defined against their enemies (plutocrats, technocrats, and the like). A politics based not on collective dreams, but on an enemy responsible for all ills, is susceptible to targeting the wrong enemies: immigrants, the Rothschilds (an anti-Semitic trope), and so on. The hysterical rhetoric against the "President for the rich, Macron-Rothschild" undermined the appeal of left-wing populism to an electorate that would rather attack social structures than individuals.
Nascent green success
Like in the rest of north-west Europe, green politics has made a leap forwards in France. The campaign took place against the backdrop of huge climate demonstrations and strikes. This new generation is the first to grasp that the crisis is no longer about the future but their own survival. But this success is by no means commensurate to the urgency of the crisis. With 13.5 per cent of the vote, EELV gained 4.5 per cent compared to 2014, 2.8 per cent short of their 2009 result.
Jadot and EELV's first handicap was that, overnight, every other party declared itself to be 'green'. Major figures from the 2009 European election list even came out in support of Macron's list. Its second handicap was that for the past decade the EELV leadership has worked with social democracy in order to reach elected offices. Many senior figures left to be closer to ruling parties, be it the Parti Socialiste (PS) or LREM, creating a crisis of ideas and morale.
The chief merit of the French Greens' electoral recovery lies in that they, particularly lead candidate Yannick Jadot, reasserted their freedom to rebuff the constant calls in the media to merge into a united left-wing list. Their decision was vindicated. With a 13.5 per cent vote share, they trounced a traditional left discredited variously by its historic slowness in understanding the importance of environmental issues (the French Communist Party), support for economic liberalism (Parti Socialiste), or anti-European left populism (La France Insoumise). Even the greenest of the centre-left breakaway parties, Génération.s, only managed 3.3 per cent on a left-green platform. The message from voters was clear. The 21st-century left can only be built around political ecology with its democratic, social, and environmental strands. Furthermore, as the dominance of EELV shows, the best party to represent this movement is the original, rather than all-too-recent imitations whose leaders were complicit in government in the growth-at-all-costs catastrophe.
President Macron's attempt to court the green vote by poaching several of its former stars failed miserably. Macron was elected on a "neither left nor right" platform but has only governed to the right in terms of social justice and the environment. As a result, he has broadened his base at the expense of the centre-right. But Socialist voters who supported him in 2017 switched to EELV in 2019 rather than going back to PS.
The widespread climate protests, some of which were joined by gilets jaunes, were the key factor in EELV's success other than its escape from PS subordination. Climate became the central theme of the campaign. Even some in the Catholic world, responding to the papal encyclical Laudato Si, voted green. This focus may even have been excessive: the school children were protesting more to save the living world from the Earth's sixth mass extinction event than the climate. It is hard to know why this is the case. But Communist poet Francis Combes suggested this answer to me: "Every social movement has its own poetic imaginary." That of ecology is the living world: the polar bear, not the ice floe.
EELV was successful across the board. Geographical analysis shows that it polled well in the bastions of the intellectual middle classes as in outlying regions (by renewing its pact with regionalist parties), in republican strongholds as in newly secular Catholic heartlands. This presents political ecology with the problem of finding common ground. Fortunately there is nothing populist in the structures from which political ecology emerged. EELV is the political expression of an autonomous movement made up of unions and organisations of varying shades of green.
The 21st-century left can only be built around political ecology with its democratic, social, and environmental strands.
Europe Écologie Les Verts's first problem is its need to stabilise its relationship with the complex web of organisations involved with political ecology. Many members of organisations working on climate, the living world, social and solidarity economy, food transition, and solidarity with the Global South just will not join a party, because the very idea of a party is so discredited in France. This cooperation will necessarily have to be loose and flexible, as grassroots organisations and unions in France have jealously guarded their political independence since the early 20th century.
Political alliances pose another problem. Since the 1789 revolution, France has been divided into two main camps, right and left, each represented by parties. This representation is in crisis. Polls show that 75 per cent of people think that the right/left divide no longer makes sense. However, it remains powerful during elections due to France's national two-round electoral system. To attract voters, candidates indicate in advance with whom they will ally in the second round. This is unlike in Belgium and Germany where proportional systems are used. There, candidates are elected based on their manifesto and it is only after the election that coalition platforms are negotiated.
Political ecology includes left-wing values from past centuries such as democracy, human rights, and social justice. To win a majority, it will need to ally with the modern heirs to these traditions. But to these values, political ecology adds a responsibility towards nature and future generations, something that the traditional left ignored. The Left pursued growth relentlessly in the name of progress or jobs. Then, by converting to economic liberalism, they left their core values behind.
In the face of today's evermore tangible environmental crises, every party wants to be green. This shift ranges from genuine commitment to simple greenwashing and varies within parties too. The next elections in France will be local and regional, before the national elections in 2022. This still leaves some time for the Greens to set out their goals and test the sincerity of their potential allies on the local level. Unlike Schmittian populism, political ecology must build alliances around its values: protecting the living world and promoting a society reconciled with itself and its environment. To do so the task is clear: unite the resolute, persuade the undecided, and side-line the diehard productivists with a politics for the common good.
[1] Stratégie ouvrière et néo-capitalisme, Seuil, 1964.
[2] Le 18 Brumaire de Louis Bonaparte, 1851.
[3] Chantal Mouffe, Iñigo Errejon, Podemos: In the Name of the People, Lawrence & Wishart Ltd, 2016.
Europe Ecologie Les Verts after the EU elections: Do or Die Politics
By Emiliano Grossman
After its success at the 2019 European elections, can the French Greens break their pattern of constantly rising and falling green waves?
French Greens at the Crossroads Politics
By Quentin Ariès
As the 2022 French presidential elections draw near, Quentin Ariès examines who will champion the Green voice and political ecology in France today.
The Children Who Accuse Us Climate and Energy
By Rosalie Salaün
Inside the climate movement, journalist Rosalie Salaün talks to young activists to understand what is driving them and where their politics is going.
ENFRPL
The Difficult Business of Defining Climate Refugees
Lydia Ayame Hiraide


I'm Jazmine and I'm so happy you stopped by to visit me on Happiness with a Side of Tea.
Fun Fact: I'm originally from Guam!
Even though Guam and Illinois are very different they both capture that small-town feel. I'm a small-town girl at heart. I love being able to drive down the street and see nothing but grass. I enjoy the slow pace, being in a place where everyone knows one another and the relaxing laid-back vibe. It's the perfect environment for me.
I'm just a laid-back kind of girl.
I'm the most content when I'm snuggled up with a good book (I love supernatural romance and mystery, mostly) and a nice hot cup of tea. I'm open to other genres though so if you have any good recommendations make sure you send them my way.
I'm a dreamer and a wishful romantic. That's probably why I love supernatural romance so much. You'll find my dreamy romanticism coming out here on the blog because I write about all the dreamy romantic beautiful things – beauty, fashion, relationships and my small-town life.
I hope I can inspire you.
I want to make you feel that you're not alone in life. It can be intimidating out there but knowing that we're not alone makes it a little less difficult.
That's how it was when I first started blogging. I wasn't sure if I'd like blogging or if I'd want to continue but one of my best friends, Jerlyn from A Cup Full of Hope, inspired and encouraged me. I want to do the same for you. You can read more about why I blog in this post here.
I hope you decide to pour a cup of tea and stay a while. I'd love to get to know you too!


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Central Girls Varsity Basketball
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Feb 6 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball falls to Gwynn Park Senior High School 82-46
Friday, February 3, 2017 7:15 PM Gwynn Park Senior High School AWAY 82 Central High School HOME 46 Game Recap Lady Falcons lose a tough one to Gwynn Park. Tea Green led the Lady Falcons with 14 points
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Feb 6 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball falls to Crossland High School 61-37
Tuesday, January 31, 2017 7:15 PM Central High School AWAY 37 Crossland High School HOME 61 Game Recap Lady Falcons lose to Crossland for the second time this year.
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 30 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball falls to Oxon Hill High School 75-24
Thursday, January 19, 2017 7:15 PM Oxon Hill High School AWAY 75 Central High School HOME 24 Game Recap Tough loss
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 30 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball falls to Largo High School 81-48
Friday, January 27, 2017 7:15 PM Largo High School AWAY 81 Central High School HOME 48 Game Recap Lady Falcons lose to the defending State Champions Largo 81-48. Kori People and Trinity Moon each scored 13 points for the Falcons.
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 30 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball falls to Frederick Douglass High School 65-43
Tuesday, January 24, 2017 7:15 PM Central High School AWAY 43 Frederick Douglass High School HOME 65 Game Recap Lady Falcons find it tough going on the road in a loss at Douglass. Tea Green led all scorers with 13 points.
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 19 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball falls to Laurel High School 71-52
Tuesday, January 17, 2017 7:15 PM Central High School AWAY 52 Laurel High School HOME 71 Game Recap Lady Falcons go out of conference to battle Laurel and lose a tough one late. The Lady Falcons were led by Tea Green's 20 points.
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 19 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball beat Eastern HS 38-32
Wednesday, January 18, 2017 7:15 PM Central High School AWAY 38 Eastern HS HOME 32 Game Recap Lady Falcons get back in the win column with a win at Eastern HS in DC
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 11 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball beat Friendly Senior High School 68-45
Tuesday, January 10, 2017 7:15 PM Central High School AWAY 68 Friendly Senior High School HOME 45 Game Recap Lady Falcons get a big road win at Friendly. Led by Tea Green's 18 points carried the Falcons
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 11 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball beat Surrattsville High School 73-15
Friday, January 6, 2017 7:15 PM Surrattsville High School AWAY 15 Central High School HOME 73 Game Recap Lady Falcons continue their winning ways with a Win against Surrattsville
Girls Junior Varsity Basketball, Girls Varsity Basketball · Jan 4 Central High School Girls Varsity Basketball beat Fairmont Heights Sr High School 65-46
Tuesday, January 3, 2017 7:15 PM Central High School AWAY 65 Fairmont Heights Sr High School HOME 46 Game Recap Lady Falcons bring in the new year with a win at Fairmont Heights. Kori Peoples led the Lady Falcons with 24 points

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Julisa Sierra
62-70 West Main Street
May 2022 June 2022 July 2022 August 2022 September 2022 October 2022 November 2022 December 2022 January 2023 February 2023 March 2023 April 2023
Wednesday, November 30, 2022, 08:45am - 09:45am
LINE DANCE (ADVANCED/INTERMEDIATE)
Chair Exercise
LINE DANCE PLUS-UPSTAIRS
CRAFTERS: KNITTING AND BABY BONNETS
computer/technology instruction


text:
2640 may refer to:

2640 (album), by Francesca Michielin (2018)
2640, a year in the 27th century

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Wind and Cloud Travel has a passion for Scotland. Our team of native German-speaking tour guides has an extensive knowledge of this fascinating country and her landscape, history and culture. Our team includes travel writers, mountain leaders, qualified tour guides and whisky experts.


We are able to offer rebuilding cost assessments based upon BCIS build costs subject to variation as appropriate derived from our own build cost experience.
Rebuilding cost assessments are often ignored and seen as an unecessary expense despite many landlords being able to recover the costs through the service charge.
We are still finding properties significantly under insured by as much as 50% in some cases. Commercial insurance policies will apply 'average' where under insurance can be proven. Therefore a claim on a building that is under insured by 50% would result in a reduction in the claim by 50%. This can have significant repercussions for a landlord/freeholder in the event of a major loss.
It is therefore important that landlords/freeholders undertake rebuilding cost assessments on a regular basis to prevent issues with under insurance.
We can provide this service for a single building or a portfolio of property spread across the country.


text:
Q: Detect if user refreshed page How can I detect if user refreshed the page with PHP?
I tried $pageWasRefreshed = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL']) && $_SERVER['HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL'] === 'max-age=0';

But it didn't work for me because i have no-cache.
Here's What worked for me:
$pageWasRefreshed = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL']);

if($pageWasRefreshed ) {
  // Page was refreshed
  }
 else {
    // Page wasn't refresh
}

Any water stones in this method?

A: You can do this multiple ways:

*

*Set a session on the first time then check if the session is set or not.

*Insert the client IP address in the MySQL database and check on every request if the user has visited before or not.
Now you have created your own logic and Google it how to implement this way
I suggest you use 2nd solution.

A: Set a cookie for the first time when someone visits the page. So, when refresh check whether cookie exists or not, if yes the page is refreshed.
if (isset($_COOKIE['token']))
{
  //The page is refeshed,
}
else
{
  //first time user, set cookie.
  setcookie('token');

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Locally testing form handling with PHP I am creating an online order form for a wholesale nursery.  I am trying to test the PHP locally and have successfully set up WAMP.  When I test basic scripts, they run just fine but when I try using _POST to send data to variable from HTML input fields, nothing gets transferred to my PHP variables as noted when I try echoing them to a page.  Is there something I need to do to test _POST and _GET methods locally that I don't know about?
I tried testing my ability to do so using a simple example I found at W3 schools:

<form action="test.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname">

Age: <input type="text" name="age">

<input type="submit">
</form>

Here is the PHP:

Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!

You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.

Like I said,  I used WAMP and both files are located in the wamp/www/ folder.

A: First of all all forms need a method (get, post) and an action (where to send the data) in the html.
<form action='your/location.php' method='post'>
<input type='text' name='username'/>
<input type='submit' value='submit'/>
</form>
All inputs must have a name attribute this is for referencing data in the php script
<input type='text' name='username'/>
In your/location.php you will receive an array with the data under the name:
$_GET or $_POST depending on your method set in the form tag.
To access specific data use $_POST['username'] (replace username with any names set on any of the submitted form inputs)
To print out on the screen use
echo $_POST['username'];
Check if your file is under the extension .php and has the name test
If you get partial output and by partial i mean only the html part start you php server Apache or Nginx or whatever wamp uses, it might not start with all the functionality without specified to do so.
Make sure you open the page under localhost if you are testing it separately.
If for some reason you can't seem to get wamp to work try xampp which is similar and in my opinion better and never failed me.


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English Poetry. Francis Quarles. Hos Ego Versiculos. Фрэнсис Куорлс.
Drawn out and cut, and so is done.
The Gourd consumes, and man he dies.
His life a blaze or two, and ends.
The beauty fades, and man's life ends.
Why Dost Thou Shade Thy Lovely Face?


text: LEGAL NYC Gay Couple Sues Ex-Landlord for Harassment A high-end condo banned the couple from passing out candy on Halloween BY TAT BELLAMY-WALKER A gay couple is suing their former landlord in Manhattan after they said they were banned from passing out candy on Halloween in 2018 and faced ongoing anti LGBTQ harassment — including when building management allegedly removed the couple's Rainbow Flag from their apartment. Anthony Dolci and his husband Ming Infante, who previously lived at Dorchester Towers at 155 West 68th Street in Manhattan, claim in their suit that they faced a barrage of adversity from the building during their time living there. The $2.5 million lawsuit, fi led in New York's Supreme Court on August 20, accuses the building's former property manager, Kelly Ann Whipple, and vice president of Ogden CAP Properties, John Mc- Dermott, of defamation, malicious prosecution, discrimination, and fi ling false police reports. Dolci, a Latinx man, and his husband, Infante, an Asian man, believe they were targeted because of their race and sexual orientation. Now, they are calling for the building to be held accountable for the alleged actions. "Halloween night is just a very small glimpse of the injustices that this building did to my family," Dolci said. "They allowed Dorchester Towers employees to call the police with impunity, over and over, simply because they didn't like us, and they wanted us out of the building." Dorchester Towers allegedly hired off-duty NYPD offi cers as security guards to stand in the lobby of the building due to accusations that the couple made tenants feel unsafe, the complaint states. On Halloween night, the security offi - cers went even further and barred the couple from participating in trick-or-treating activities in the building. In protest of the guard's orders, Dolci, who was wearing a witch's hat, no T-shirt, and a yellow cape, headed outside with a bag of treats. Anthony Dolci (pictured) and his husband, Ming Infante, have fi led a lawsuit against the luxury condo Dorchester Towers, citing alleged harassment and anti- LGBTQ discrimination. According to footage reviewed by Gay City News, Dolci was holding a glow-in-the-dark Halloween globe and pleaded for help while the guards attempted to snatch his bag of candy from off of the street. In the video, the guards allegedly confi rmed that they were calling the cops on Dolci because he "cannot block the pedestrians." "For what? for standing on a public street!" Infante chimed in from their bedroom window. "For standing on a public street!" The 22-page complaint claims the police were called at least 25 times on the couple, with at least half of those times resulting in Dolci being arrested or taken to local hospitals for psychiatric evaluations, he added. "They were weaponizing the 911 call center against us," Dolci said. The following year, Whipple allegedly told the couple they "did not fi t in with the building" and did not dress appropriately "for the building." Dolci claims the couple was repeatedly reprimanded for trivial reasons, such as when Whipple allegedly criticized the couple for listening to LGBTQ singer Boy George and Madonna because it was not "appropriate" for the building. "I felt she's talking about my sexuality; I wear nail polish. I am fl amboyant," Dolci said. "I think I didn't fi t her idea of what a gay person should be for this building." He added, "I'm not gonna tiptoe around anyone with my sexuality, and I think that when I stood up to her about that, she retaliated." The couple is also accusing the staff of removing the Rainbow Flag that was placed on their door. General Counsel for Ogden CAP Properties Stephen Nahley denied the allegations. "The accusations contained in the lawsuit concerning Dorchester Towers, Ms. Whipple, and our other employees are baseless, totally without merit. We will defend them vigorously and are confi dent that we will prevail," Nahley said in a written statement to Gay City News. Whipple and McDermott did not immediately reply to Gay City News' request for comment. In March of 2019, the couple moved out of the apartment, and soon after, Dolci began standing outside the high-end condos in protest. During a couple of Dolci's one-person rallies, the building's staff allegedly began spraying and FACEBOOK/ANTHONY DOLCI assaulting him with water hoses and damaging his signs. Dolci said he submitted this footage along with a complaint to the New York City Human Rights Commission. In a statement, the Commission said they "cannot comment on the status of open investigations" but "once the matter is closed, it is then publicly available information." In April, out gay State Senator Brad Hoylman spoke out in support of the couple at the Stop False Police Reporting rally at One Police Plaza. In a statement to Gay City News, Hoylman called the allegations of false police reports "troubling" and said he hopes "we can get to the bottom of it." Last year, as an outgrowth of the alleged harassment, Dolci started Gays Against Dorchester Tower, a Facebook page chronicling the couple's movement to hold the building responsible for their alleged actions. "We could have been the worst tenants in the building, which we weren't," Dolci said. "But that doesn't justify breaking the law, and abusing people, and abusing their position of power and using the police as a weapon." October 21 - November 3 , 2 8 021 | GayCityNews.com /GayCityNews.com


Free Webinar for Parish Staff in the Diocese of Ogdensburg!
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This is an online event. You'll connect via phone and Internet.


text:
package org.deeplearning4j.spark.util;

import com.sun.jna.Platform;
import org.apache.spark.Partitioner;
import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaPairRDD;
import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
import org.deeplearning4j.spark.BaseSparkTest;
import org.deeplearning4j.spark.api.Repartition;
import org.deeplearning4j.spark.api.RepartitionStrategy;
import org.deeplearning4j.spark.impl.common.CountPartitionsFunction;
import org.deeplearning4j.spark.impl.repartitioner.DefaultRepartitioner;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.nd4j.common.tests.tags.NativeTag;
import org.nd4j.common.tests.tags.TagNames;
import scala.Tuple2;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
@Tag(TagNames.FILE_IO)
@Tag(TagNames.SPARK)
@Tag(TagNames.DIST_SYSTEMS)
@NativeTag
public class TestRepartitioning extends BaseSparkTest {

    @Override
    public long getTimeoutMilliseconds() {
        return isIntegrationTests() ? 240000 : 60000;
    }

    @Test
    public void testRepartitioning() {
        if(Platform.isWindows()) {
            //Spark tests don't run on windows
            return;
        }
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            list.add(String.valueOf(i));
        }

        JavaRDD<String> rdd = sc.parallelize(list);
        rdd = rdd.repartition(200);

        JavaRDD<String> rdd2 = SparkUtils.repartitionBalanceIfRequired(rdd, Repartition.Always, 100, 10);
        assertFalse(rdd == rdd2); //Should be different objects due to repartitioning

        assertEquals(10, rdd2.partitions().size());
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            List<String> partition = rdd2.collectPartitions(new int[] {i})[0];
//            System.out.println("Partition " + i + " size: " + partition.size());
            assertEquals(100, partition.size()); //Should be exactly 100, for the util method (but NOT spark .repartition)
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testRepartitioning2() throws Exception {
        int[] ns;
        if(isIntegrationTests()){
            ns = new int[]{320, 321, 25600, 25601, 25615};
        } else {
            ns = new int[]{320, 2561};
        }

        for (int n : ns) {

            List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                list.add(String.valueOf(i));
            }

            JavaRDD<String> rdd = sc.parallelize(list);
            rdd.repartition(65);

            int totalDataSetObjectCount = n;
            int dataSetObjectsPerSplit = 8 * 4 * 10;
            int valuesPerPartition = 10;
            int nPartitions = 32;

            JavaRDD<String>[] splits = org.deeplearning4j.spark.util.SparkUtils.balancedRandomSplit(
                    totalDataSetObjectCount, dataSetObjectsPerSplit, rdd, new Random().nextLong());

            List<Integer> counts = new ArrayList<>();
            List<List<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>>> partitionCountList = new ArrayList<>();
            for (JavaRDD<String> split : splits) {
                JavaRDD<String> repartitioned = SparkUtils.repartition(split, Repartition.Always,
                        RepartitionStrategy.Balanced, valuesPerPartition, nPartitions);
                List<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>> partitionCounts = repartitioned
                        .mapPartitionsWithIndex(new CountPartitionsFunction<String>(), true).collect();
                partitionCountList.add(partitionCounts);
                counts.add((int) split.count());
            }

            int expNumPartitionsWithMore = totalDataSetObjectCount % nPartitions;
            int actNumPartitionsWithMore = 0;
            for (List<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>> l : partitionCountList) {
                assertEquals(nPartitions, l.size());

                for (Tuple2<Integer, Integer> t2 : l) {
                    int partitionSize = t2._2();
                    if (partitionSize > valuesPerPartition)
                        actNumPartitionsWithMore++;
                }
            }

            assertEquals(expNumPartitionsWithMore, actNumPartitionsWithMore);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testRepartitioning3(){
        if(Platform.isWindows()) {
            //Spark tests don't run on windows
            return;
        }
        //Initial partitions (idx, count) - [(0,29), (1,29), (2,29), (3,34), (4,34), (5,35), (6,34)]

        List<Integer> ints = new ArrayList<>();
        for( int i=0; i<224; i++ ){
            ints.add(i);
        }

        JavaRDD<Integer> rdd = sc.parallelize(ints);
        JavaPairRDD<Integer,Integer> pRdd = SparkUtils.indexedRDD(rdd);
        JavaPairRDD<Integer,Integer> initial = pRdd.partitionBy(new Partitioner() {
            @Override
            public int getPartition(Object key) {
                int i = (Integer)key;
                if(i < 29){
                    return 0;
                } else if(i < 29+29){
                    return 1;
                } else if(i < 29+29+29){
                    return 2;
                } else if(i < 29+29+29+34){
                    return 3;
                } else if(i < 29+29+29+34+34){
                    return 4;
                } else if(i < 29+29+29+34+34+35){
                    return 5;
                } else {
                    return 6;
                }
            }
            @Override
            public int numPartitions() {
                return 7;
            }
        });

        List<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>> partitionCounts = initial.values().mapPartitionsWithIndex(new CountPartitionsFunction<Integer>(), true).collect();

//        System.out.println(partitionCounts);

        List<Tuple2<Integer,Integer>> initialExpected = Arrays.asList(
                new Tuple2<>(0,29),
                new Tuple2<>(1,29),
                new Tuple2<>(2,29),
                new Tuple2<>(3,34),
                new Tuple2<>(4,34),
                new Tuple2<>(5,35),
                new Tuple2<>(6,34));
        assertEquals(initialExpected, partitionCounts);

        JavaRDD<Integer> afterRepartition = SparkUtils.repartitionBalanceIfRequired(initial.values(), Repartition.Always, 2, 112);
        List<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>> partitionCountsAfter = afterRepartition.mapPartitionsWithIndex(new CountPartitionsFunction<Integer>(), true).collect();
//        System.out.println(partitionCountsAfter);

        for(Tuple2<Integer,Integer> t2 : partitionCountsAfter){
            assertEquals(2, (int)t2._2());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testRepartitioning4() {
        if(Platform.isWindows()) {
            //Spark tests don't run on windows
            return;
        }
        List<Integer> ints = new ArrayList<>();
        for( int i = 0; i < 7040; i++) {
            ints.add(i);
        }

        JavaRDD<Integer> rdd = sc.parallelize(ints);

        JavaRDD<Integer> afterRepartition = new DefaultRepartitioner().repartition(rdd, 1, 32);
        List<Tuple2<Integer, Integer>> partitionCountsAfter = afterRepartition.mapPartitionsWithIndex(new CountPartitionsFunction<Integer>(), true).collect();

        int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        int max = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
        int minIdx = 0;
        int maxIdx = 0;
        for(Tuple2<Integer,Integer> t2 : partitionCountsAfter){
            min = Math.min(min, t2._2());
            max = Math.max(max, t2._2());
            if(min == t2._2()){
                minIdx = t2._1();
            }
            if(max == t2._2()){
                maxIdx = t2._1();
            }
        }

//        System.out.println("min: " + min + "\t@\t" + minIdx);
//        System.out.println("max: " + max + "\t@\t" + maxIdx);

        assertEquals(1, min);
        assertEquals(2, max);
    }

    @Test
    public void testRepartitioningApprox() {
        if(Platform.isWindows()) {
            //Spark tests don't run on windows
            return;
        }
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            list.add(String.valueOf(i));
        }

        JavaRDD<String> rdd = sc.parallelize(list);
        rdd = rdd.repartition(200);

        JavaRDD<String> rdd2 = SparkUtils.repartitionApproximateBalance(rdd, Repartition.Always, 10);
        assertFalse(rdd == rdd2); //Should be different objects due to repartitioning

        assertEquals(10, rdd2.partitions().size());

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            List<String> partition = rdd2.collectPartitions(new int[] {i})[0];
//            System.out.println("Partition " + i + " size: " + partition.size());
            assertTrue(partition.size() >= 90 && partition.size() <= 110);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testRepartitioningApproxReverse() {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            list.add(String.valueOf(i));
        }

        // initial # of partitions = cores, probably < 100
        JavaRDD<String> rdd = sc.parallelize(list);

        JavaRDD<String> rdd2 = SparkUtils.repartitionApproximateBalance(rdd, Repartition.Always, 100);
        assertFalse(rdd == rdd2); //Should be different objects due to repartitioning

        assertEquals(100, rdd2.partitions().size());
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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This post was sponsored by Bush's Beans. All opinions are my own.
I'm trying to eat a lot cleaner and prepare more food at home. You have probably seen/heard me talking about that. After three babies, I am ready to be at my healthiest. This means cutting back on convenience eating a LOT. Therefore, I have been scouring the internet and my brain for yummy, easy, inexpensive, low maintenance dishes that I can make for the whole family. One thing that makes a meal much less expensive is if it's meatless! My husband rolled his eyes somewhere after I typed that last sentence, I just know it.
Honestly, though. You can easily make a hearty, filling and tasty meal without meat. I have found such a meal and I am excited to share it with you today! I did a sweet recipe using Bush's Beans a couple of months ago, and now I have a savory recipe to share using the same black beans. It's a hash, which is one of my favorite things to throw together, because it's essentially just whatever you have in the kitchen. You can make it work with so much! Bush's Beans are a great staple to keep in the pantry as an addition to any meal. You can find them at Walmart!
I love to make this hash with black beans as the main protein because 1- I love black beans, and 2- it makes it that much more filling. Here's how to make it happen.
Cut potato, zucchini, and squash into 1/2 inch cubes.
Combine all ingredients in large mixing bowl and toss until evenly covered in oil/spices.
Pour ingredients into large baking dish (I used a 9×13 Pyrex).
Bake for 40 minutes, stirring halfway through.
Crack each egg over the hash, not breaking the yolk.
Return dish to oven for 8-10 minutes for the eggs to set.
this looks SO good. Saving to try later!
Yum! My husband is also not a huge fan of going meatless, but I think I could convince him with this recipe!
There are so many varied tastes here…I can't wait to make this for my family.
We love sweet potato and this sounds like a really great recipe.


Abstract: Genetic divergence stability among 19 eggplant accesses was estimated in three stages of development: vegetative, reproductive and productive. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with three replications and four plants per plot. For each developmental stage, the divergence was calculated from 12, 12 and 5 characteristics, respectively. The cluster analysis, applied to the genetic distance matrix (D2), showed the formation of two clusters in the vegetative stage, four in the reproductive stage and six in the productive stage. Therefore, it was obseved that productive stage characteristics have greater discriminatory capacity. However, inconsistency in respect to the number and composition of clusters formed in different stages was observed. It can be concluded that the genetic divergence estimated among accesses is related only to the variability of the characteristics used in its estimation, and that extrapolation of this variability to other characters may lead to wrong interpretations.
Arunachalam, V. 1981. Genetic distance in plant breeding. Indian Journal Genetic and Plant Breeding. 41(2): 226-236.
Camussi, A. E.; Ottaviano, E; Calinsk, T. E. and Kaczmarek, Z. 1985.Genetic distance based on quantitative traits. Genetics.111:945 – 965.
Cress, C.E. 1966. Heterosis of the hybrid related to gene frequency differences between two populations. Genetics. 53: 269 – 274.
Cruz, C.D.; Carvalho, S.P. and Vencovsky, R. 1994. Estudos sobre divergência genética. I Fatores que afetam a predição do comportamento de híbridos. Revista Ceres. 41(234):178-82.
Dias, L.A.S. and Kageyama, P. 1997. Temporal stability of multivariate genetic divergence in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Southern Bahia conditions. Euphytica. 93:181–187.
Falconer, D.S. and Mackay, T.F.C. 1996. Introduction to quantitative genetics. 464p. 4th ed. Longman Group, Essex.
Filgueira, F.A.R. 1982. Manual de olericultura: cultura e comercialização de hortaliças. v.2. Agronômica Ceres, São Paulo.
Harris, R.J. 1975. A primer of Multivariate Statistics. p.332. Academic Press, New York.
Holbrook, C.C.; Anderson, W.F. and Pittman, R.N. 1993. Selection of a core collection of Peanut. Crop Science.33:859-861.
IBPGR. 1990. Descriptors for Eggplant/ Descripteurs pour l'Aubergine. 60p. International Board for Plant Resources actually International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome.
Johnson, R.A. and Wichern, D.W. 1982. Applied Multivariate Statistics Analysis. 320p. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
Naidu, N.V. and Satyanarayana, A. 1991. Studies on genetic divergence over environments in mungbean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek). Indian Journal Genetic and Plant Breeding. 51(4): 454-460.
Rao, R.C. 1952. Advanced statistical methods in biometrical research. 390p. John Wiley and Son, New York.
Singh, D. 1981. The relative importance of characters affecting genetic divergence. Indian Journal Genetic and Plant Breeding. 41(2): 237–245.
Singh, R.K. and Chaudary, B.D. 1979. Biometrical methods in quantitative genetic analysis. 304p. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Singh, T.H. and Gill, S.S. 1984. Genetic diversity in upland cotton under different environments. Indian Journal Genetic and Plant Breeding. 44(3):506–513.
Steel, R.G.; Torrie, J.H. and Dickey, D.A.1997. Principles and procedures of statistics: a biometrical approach. 666p. 3.ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Viana, J.M..S.; Cardoso, A.A.; Cruz, C.D.; Regazzi, A.J. and Del Giudice, R.M. 1991 Genetic divergence in sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) clones. Revista Brasileira de Genética. 14(3):753-763.


25 Feb 2015 2015 Global Forum for Responsible Management Education: 6th Annual Assembly The 2015 Global Forum will be held in conjunction with the 15th anniversary celebration of the UN Global Compact. 23 Feb 2015 Streamlining CSR: An Answer in Economic Difficulties (Telenor Hungary) This CEE Case Study demonstrates the challenges leadership faces in economic difficulties, regarding CSR activities and how a company can move from simply practising CSR towards a socially responsible business throughout these times. 10 Feb 2015 Book release: The Business Student's Guide to Sustainable Management The Business Student's Guide to Sustainable Management: Principles and Practice Edited by Petra Molthan-Hill 2 Feb 2015 ABIS submits proposals to create two Young Researcher Training Networks On 13 January, ABIS and a combined total of 18 members submitted two proposals to the European Commission to fund international training networks for a total of 5 million euros. 27 Jan 2015 ABIS launches inaugural "Knowledge Into Action" Forum – Brussels, April 28-29 This new annual event will create a dynamic platform for ABIS members to connect 'big ideas' and strategic interests in line with clearly defined funding opportunities for business-academic collaboration. 19 Jan 2015 ABIS Thought Leadership Round Table - Sustainable Portfolio Management – Videos ABIS 4th Round Table will draw on the knowledge and experience of Solvay, who are kindly hosting the event. Attendees will learn about different case studies, projects and tools Solvay has used to balance the portfolio on the sustainable perspective. 19 Jan 2015 ABIS Thought Leadership Round Table - Sustainable Portfolio Management: Video ABIS 4th Round Table will draw on the knowledge and experience of Solvay, who are kindly hosting the event. Attendees will learn about different case studies, projects and tools Solvay has used to balance the portfolio on the sustainable perspective. 5 Jan 2015 Dr. Alfons Sauquet, Global Dean of ESADE, Elected President of ABIS ABIS is delighted to announce that Professor Alfons Sauquet has been elected as its new President and Chair of the Board of Directors. 10 Dec 2014 The Breakthrough Challenge: Transformative Leadership for a Sustainable Tomorrow Which trajectory are we on: Breakdown, Change-as-Usual or Breakthrough? 10 Dec 2014 Global vs. Local CSR Strategies in Developing Countries How MNE's subsidiaries manage the adoption of CSR initiatives, through a local CSR strategy, within developing countries?


Iraqi Christians – SOLI has worked with the Iraqi Assyrian Christian community since 2014, training, advising, and supplying both the Nineveh Plain Protection Units (NPU) and the Nineveh Plain Forces (NPF). SOLI also provided more than half the funding for the construction of the first Iraqi Assyrian Christian military base. Our bomb dog team, The Paws of Liberty, were deployed in Iraqi Christian areas to search homes and businesses for bombs planted by ISIS and unexploded ordnance, and to assist in searching vehicles at checkpoints. SOLI continues to supply body armor to both the NPU and the NPF and stands ready to provide additional support as needed.
Burma – SOLI is currently in discussions with numerous forces in Burma to provide training, advising, and supplies to assist them in protecting their communities from the oppressive and brutal Burmese regime. SOLI personnel were deployed to Asia to begin training a Karin force in summer 2018, but this program has been put on hold as the force has entered peace negotiations with the Burmese regime. We plan to deploy an additional team in early 2019 to begin work in Burma with the same force or another that meets our criteria for support.
The Philippines – SOLI deployed a team to the Philippines in Fall 2018 to meet with community leaders and inspect potential training sites for the training of a community defense force to protect against attacks by ISIS and other threats. Discussions with the leadership continues and no other information can be released at this time due to security concerns, but will be in the future.
Africa – SOLI met with representatives of a Christian community in Africa during their visit to Washington, DC for meetings with the US Congress in 2018. We anticipate deploying a team to their country in 2019 for further discussions, as well as deploying an additional team to a second African country where Christian communities are facing intense persecution, kidnap, and murder. No other information can be released at this time due to security concerns, but will be in the future.
In 2017 SOLI began working with a new set of trainees, a litter of 5 rescue dogs we adopted in Iraq to train as the Paws of Liberty bomb dog team. They are each named after the original Sons of Liberty of the American Revolution (Samuel Adams, Paul Revere, John Hancock, Patrick Henry, Benjamin Rush), but they are far cuter and were on a mission to save innocent men, women, children, and other dogs from being killed by bombs planted by ISIS.
The statistics are shocking: from 2011-2014 over 53,000 civilians were killed or wounded by IEDs (Improvised Explosive Devices). In Iraq alone, over 14,000 people have been killed or wounded by landmines since 1991. The Paws of Liberty were on a mission to protect both civilians and military personnel from falling victim to such attacks.
After completing their training, the Paws of Liberty were deployed to areas where ISIS had planted explosives or where unexploded ordnance from the war posed a risk to people returning to their homes and businesses. These missions helped make the largest Iraqi Christian city, Qaraqosh, safe for civilians to return home after years of living in refugee camps because of ISIS. The Paws of Liberty were also deployed to checkpoints where they assisted with searching vehicles entering Iraqi Christian areas to defend against acts of terrorism and ISIS sleeper cells, and searched the vehicles of visitors to a prison near Qaraqosh where ISIS prisoners were being held.
Having served bravely and honorably during a critical time in the fight against ISIS, the Paws of Liberty retired after the war and remain together as a family enjoying life on a farm in Iraq. We anticipate training future Paws of Liberty bomb dogs in other countries when this capability is required for our missions.
Our work with the NPU and NPF was the subject of The History Channel's History Now web series about SOLI. This series (7 episodes) can be viewed here.
Sons of Liberty International worked with the Mosul Galant Force (MGF), a Sunni force in Eastern Mosul tasked with securing liberated areas and searching for ISIS sleeper cells in 2017. We provided advising and supplying services for the MGF, in addition to transportation and security for international press and others in Mosul.
Sons of Liberty International plans to expand operations to other countries once there is sufficient funding to do so. Our current and future missions are focused on assisting local forces in the fight against ISIS, and helping to end Christian persecution around the world by helping Christian communities learn to defend themselves against terrorists and insurgents.


text:
Q: What is the best way to to store user specific data in C#? I want every user (windows user) to have his/her own settings in my app. What's the best way to do that?
Should I check for the username or is it done automatically? Will it be compatible with every Windows version from XP through to Windows 8?

A: Add a settings.settings to your project.

A: If you add settings properties to your project then you could specify USER and APPLICATION settings predefined for your application.
When the application run, you update the settings specific for the current user and then you save these settings calling
Properties.Settings.Default.Save();

this method will create a file called user.config under the path
%AppData%\CompanyName\ExeName_Url_hashcode\Version\

containing the settings for the current user.
This file will be reloaded when the same user will restart your application.
You don't have to do any further work. The saved USER settings will be there to use.


text:
Redblacks acquire QB Drew Tate from Stampeders
The veteran QB arrives in Ottawa in exchange for a fifth-round draft pick in 2018.
Gord Holder • Ottawa Citizen
Calgary Stampeders quarterback Drew Tate throws a pass during first quarter CFL football action against the Montreal Alouettes in a game on Oct. 30, 2016 in Montreal. Photo by Ryan Remiorz /THE CANADIAN PRESS
Quarterback Drew Tate is now an Ottawa Redblack.
The Redblacks acquired the 32-year-old veteran of eight previous Canadian Football League seasons from the Calgary Stampeders on Tuesday in exchange for a fifth-round pick in the 2018 CFL college draft.
Tate has completed 380 of 572 passes for 4,670 yards and 32 touchdowns in 45 games. Frequently used in short yardage situations, he had a CFL-best 10 rushing touchdowns in 2014.
The Stampeders made Tate their starting quarterback when they traded Henry Burris to the Hamilton Tiger-Cats before the 2012 season. He was subsequently replaced as Calgary's starter by Bo Levi Mitchell, who had previously earned a roster spot at the expense of third-stringer Brad Sinopoli.
However, a shoulder injury to Tate led the Stampeders to re-sign Sinopoli in July 2012, and later they switched the former Ottawa Gee-Gees quarterback to receiver. Sinopoli then signed with the Redblacks as a free agent in 2015.
The Stampeders recently signed former Saskatchewan Roughriders quarterback Mitchell Gale. Postmedia's Scott Mitchell also reported that Tate's contract called for him to be paid a $40,000 bonus if he was still on Calgary's roster as of March 1.
Acquiring Tate gives the Redblacks four quarterbacks on their roster. The others include: Trevor Harris, the designated starter following the retirement of Burris in January; Brock Jensen, who has spent the past two seasons as mostly third- and fourth-string on the depth chart; and recently signed former National Football League QB Ryan Lindley.


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