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MAGHI
Maghi is one of the three festivals chosen by Guru Amar Das Ji to be celebrated by Sikhs (the others being Baisakhi and Diwali)
The Sri Guru Granth Sahib states about the month of Magh:
People take baths on the first day of Magh; you should take the bath of service of the guru; in holy congregation remember God's virtues, listen and give discourse of them to all. This way the ill-effects of wrongdoings of past births will be negated and vanity will leave the mind. (Kaam) desires and (Krodh) wrath and (Logh suaan) dog-like greed will no longer afflict the mind. Those who walk the righteous path are praised by the world; this is (Parvaan) acceptable spiritually rather than bathing at the sixty eight pilgrim centers, observing all superstitions and observing non-violence. This understanding comes to those to whom the Creator kindly gives; this makes them truly wise. I adore those who find Akal Purakh within.
People purify themselves by baths in the month of Magh, but those are truly purified who receive guidance from and follow the guru.
Accordingly, during the month Magh the "Sikh's cleansing bath should be the dust of saintly congregation (sadh sangat) – be humble; be polite. One should meditate and involve others also. By doing this, the filth of bad karma is removed together with one's ego. Desires and greed will depart when one walks on the path of the truth.
MAGHI AND THE 40 MUKTE
Sikhs visit the Gurdwara as the day of Maghi is observed to honour the heroic fight of the Chali Mukte, or the Forty Liberated Ones, who sacrificed their own lives defending an attack by the imperial army marching in pursuit of Guru Gobind Singh. The action took place near a pool of water, Khidrane di Dhab, on 29 December 1705 and the cremation took place on 30 December 1705 (30 Poh), the day of Magh Sikhs will take a holy dip in water on Maghi
MUKTSAR MELA
A large fair is organised on Maghi in Muktsar known as Mela Maghi where the fight of the Chali Mukte took place and the Battle of Muktsar took place.It is believed that who ever shall bathe in the pool at Mukstar, shall receive salvation.
PARKASH UTSAV SRI GURU GOBIND SINGH JI
This festival's name, when translated, means the birth celebration of the 10th Divine Light, or Divine Knowledges.It commemorates the birth of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh guru. The festival is one of the most widely celebrated event by Sikhs.
HOLLA MOHALLA
An annual festival of thousands held at Anandpur Sahib. It was started by Guru Gobind Singh as a gathering of Sikhs for military exercises and mock battles. The mock battles were followed by kirtan and valour poetry competitions. Today the Nihang Singhs carry on the martial tradition with mock battles and displays of swordsmanship and horse riding. There are also a number of darbars where kirtan is sung. It is celebrated by Sikhs across the world as 'Sikh Olympics' with events and competitions of swordsmanship, horse riding, Gatka (Sikh martial arts), falconry and others by Nihang Singhs.
In Punjab it is celebrated as the Birth of Khalsa brotherhood. It is celebrated at a large scale at Kesgarh Sahib, Anandpur Sahib. In India, U.K., Canada, USA, and other Sikh populated areas, people come together for a public mela or parade. The main part of the mela is where a local Sikh Temple (Gurdwara) has a beautiful Sikh themed float on which the Guru Granth Sahib is located and everyone offer their respect by bowing with much reverence and fervour. To mark the celebrations, Sikh devotees generally attend the Gurudwara before dawn with flowers and offerings in hands. Processions through towns are also common. Vaisakhi is the day on which the Khalsa was born and Sikhs were given a clear identity and a code of conduct to live by, led by the last living Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh Ji, who baptized the first Sikhs using sweet nectar called Amrit.
MARTYRDOM OF GURU ARJAN
The martyrdom anniversary of Guru Arjan, the fifth Guru, falls in June, the hottest month in India. He was tortured to death under the orders of Mughal Emperor, Jahangir, on the complaint of a Hindu banker Chandu Lal, who bore a personal enimity with Guru, at Lahore on 25 May 1606. Celebrations consist of Kirtan, Katha and Langar in the Gurdwara. Because of hot summer, chilled sweetened drink made from milk, sugar, essence and water is freely distributed in Gurdwaras and in neighborhoods to everybody irrespective of their religious belief as a sign and honour of the humble Guru who happily accepted his torture as a will of Waheguru and made no attempt to take any action.
FIRST PRAKASH SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI
It is the day when the Guru Granth Sahib was bestowed with the title of being the eternal and final Sikh guru thus ending the line of Human gurus.
BANDI CHHOR DIVAS(DIWALI)
On the day of Bandhi Chhor Diwas (The Celebration of Freedom), Sikhs celebrate the release from prison of the sixth guru, Guru Hargobind, who also rescued 52 Hindu kings held captive by Mughal Emperor Jehangir with him in the Gwalior Fort in 1619. The Sikhs celebrated by lighting their homes with lights and candles with the tradition continuing till date with Harmandir Sahib beautifully decorated with colourful lights to mark this celebration. It is celebrated by lighting divas and going to a Gurdwara to listen to gurbani.
PARKASH SRI GURU NANAK DEV JI
On this day Guru Nanak was born in Nanakana Sahib,now situated in Pakistan. Every year Sikhs celebrate this day with large scale gatherings. Candles, divas and lights are lit in Gurdwaras, in the honour of Guru along with fireworks. The birthday celebration usually lasts three days. Generally two days before the birthday, Akhand Path (forty-eight-hour non-stop reading of Guru Granth Sahib) is held in the Gurdwara. One day before the birthday, a procession is organized which is led by the Panj Pyares (Five Beloved Ones) and the Palki (Palanquin) of Sri Guru Granth Sahib and followed by teams of Ragis singing hymns, brass bands playing different tunes and devotees singing the chorus.
MARTYRDOM OF GURU TEGH BAHADUR
On this day Guru Tegh Bahadur was martyred when he refused to convert to Islam. Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib where the Guru was martyred
The Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb cherished the ambition of converting India into a land of Islam. His experiment was first carried out in Kashmir. The viceroy of Kashmir carried out the policy vigorously and set about converting non-Muslims by force. A group of Kashmiri Pandits (Kashmiri Hindu Brahmins), approached Guru Tegh Bahadur and asked for his help. They, on the advice of the Guru, told the Mughal authorities that they would willingly embrace Islam if Guru Tegh Bahadur, did the same.
Gurudwara Sisganj Sahib in Anandpur Sahib where the head of guru was brought and cremated in defiance of Mughals
Orders of the arrest of the Guru were issued by Aurangzeb and the Guru was arrested at a place called Malikhpur near Anandpur after he had departed from Anandpur for Delhi. He was arrested, along with some of his followers and sent to Sirhind the following day. The Governor ordered him to be detained in Bassi Pathana and reported the news to Delhi. His arrest was made in July 1675 and he was kept in custody for over three months. He was then cast in an iron cage and taken to Delhi in November 1675. The Guru was put in chains and ordered to be tortured until he would accept Islam. When he could not be persuaded to abandon his faith to save himself from persecution, he was asked to perform some miracles to prove his divinity. On his refusal, Guru Tegh Bahadur was beheaded in public at Chandni Chowk on 11 November 1675. Guru Ji is also known as "Hind Di Chadar" i.e. "the shield of India", suggesting that to save Hinduism, Guru Ji gave his life.
OTHER SIKH FESTIVALS
There are some other (around 45) festivals that are celebrated at a much smaller scale with some being centred in particular regions or towns that are not included in the above list. Thoses include Parkash Utsavs (Birth anniversaries of the other 8 Sikh gurus), Gurgadi Divas (passing of guruship), Jyotijot Divas (death anniversaries of other Sikh gurus), Basant Festival of kites which is celebrated in Chheharta Sahib Gurdwara in the village of Wadali where Sri Guru Hargobind Ji was born in 1595, to celebrate the birth and many other such festivals. All Sikh festival include celebrating by gathering at Gurdwara, paying obeisance to the Guru Granth Sahib and listening to Gurbani, Kirtan and reciting Paath.
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Would you trust a robot to build your house?
Most of the stuff we own is mass produced by machines. That's why we can afford so much of it. Anything that's professionally handmade is almost certainly a luxury product.…
A Bukito 3D printer creates the likeness of actor Bruce Willis. Credit: Justin Sullivan / Getty
Peter Franklin is Associate Editor of UnHerd. He was previously a policy advisor and speechwriter on environmental and social issues.
peterfranklin_
ArchitectureAutomatic for the PeopleAutomationHousingInnovationLandLand value taxUnPacked
Most of the stuff we own is mass produced by machines. That's why we can afford so much of it. Anything that's professionally handmade is almost certainly a luxury product.
There's one big exception, however: the homes we live in. Most of those are hand-made. The building materials may be machine-made, but the piece-by-piece, one-off process of construction is labour-intensive, time-consuming and frequently unpredictable.
There's got to be a better way. Prefabrication is one approach, but that involves a trade-off between the size of the prefabricated components and their transportability. It also tends to constrain the materials that can be used and the variety of forms the building can take.
In the early 20th century, Thomas Edison wasted a lot of time and money on the development of the single-pour concrete house. Employing a set of re-usable moulds, he believed he could mass produce affordable housing for all. Unfortunately, the moulds were so complicated and expensive that it was easier and cheaper to build the traditional way. A sideline in concrete furniture also came to a predictably sticky end.
We must stop tolerating terrible architecture
Edison's single pour method didn't just fail because of the practicalities; the principle was flawed too. A solid mass of concrete creates a structure that is virtually indestructible, but also unmodifiable – great for a bomb shelter, but not a home.
In an article for The Conversation, Seyed Ghaffar says that to successfully revolutionise house building we need to "automate and improve processes that have already been proven manually."
A century on from Edison's doomed attempt we might just be on the brink of getting it right:
"It's often claimed that 3D printing – known in the trade as 'additive manufacturing' – will change the way we live. Most recently, a team from Eindhoven University of Technology announced plans to build the 'world's first' habitable 3D printed houses…
"Additive manufacturing uses a combination of materials science, architecture and design, computation and robotics. Yet in some ways, it's not as futuristic as it sounds. The simple approach of layer-wise construction… has already been practised for a long time in the construction sector, for example in conventional brick layering techniques."
In fact, with 3D printing we might be able to go well beyond what even the most skilled human builders are capable of:
"When the printer and the feedstock have been properly set up, they will be able to produce full-size building blocks with a smart geometry which can take load without reinforcements. The shape stability of the truss-like filaments in these blocks is an essential part of printing, which provides strength and stiffness to the printed objects."
Nature has all sort of cunning ways of creating light but strong structures – from the spider's web to the bones of flying birds. The rapid, but precise, movements of 3D printers could allow us to draw inspiration from evolution, and extrude building materials to achieve great intricacy and efficiency.
Ghaffar believes that smart and automated construction methods could "revolutionise the industry within the next ten to 15 years".
Will this make houses more affordable? It may well bring construction costs tumbling down – but, remember, not even a robot can make new land. Therefore, we'll need policies to stop land monopolists from sucking up the value created by new technology.
The cost of property may slowly kill Silicon Valley - but a Land Value Tax might give it new life
That said, the automation of house building may make it harder for developers to manipulate land prices by manipulating the rate at which land with planning permission is built out. With robots greatly speeding up the pace of construction, there'll be no excuse not to build new homes as fast as demand requires and planning policies allow.
One last thought: Though Edison's poured concrete technology was misconceived, the prototype houses he built with it could be surprisingly beautiful. The developers of today's new construction methods would be well advised to pay equally close attention to the aesthetics.
If you want the public to accept new development, then the golden rule is that it should make places better not worse.
Tagged Architecture, Automatic for the People, Automation, Housing, Innovation, Land, Land value tax, UnPacked

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Home » Articles » How to code a robot to serve as a shopping centre guide
Marketta Niemelä
How to code a robot to serve as a shopping centre guide
by VTT Webmaster|Published 22/10/2018
In the last week of September, we took VTT's robot, Pepper, to Ideapark in Lempäälä where, together with French, Scottish and Swiss scientists, we fired up a Hacklab in the central plaza. We spent a week coding and testing the robot from dawn to dusk. Our goal was to have Pepper independently and reliably serve as a guide to the shopping centre, able to direct customers to various stores by giving them the route, pointing the way and moving in the right direction, while entertaining them with chat about topics such as films and music.
At the same time, user tests were coded and performed as part of the MuMMer R&D and testing week.
First, the robot must learn to listen
There is still a range of challenges involved in the use of social robots for customer service in public spaces. The most critical of these is speech recognition. The shopping centre's info staff say that customers most often enquire about the way to the nearest toilet. Even a basic question like this can be asked in ten different ways. Background noise makes speech recognition particularly difficult: people other than the users of the robot may be talking nearby, while music and ads blare in the background, shopping trolleys rattle and floor cleaners hum. A robot will find it difficult to distinguish the speaker's words from the sea of voices.
Another challenge lies in getting the robot to understand its location and direction in the space in question. Localisation and navigation technologies are sophisticated: after being taught the map of a certain place, transport robots are perfectly able to move from A to B independently and without colliding. However, Pepper was not designed for this. The shopping centre's shiny floor, reflective metal surfaces and glass windows make it difficult for the robot to sense its environment in the same way as laser-equipped transport robots do on a continuous basis. In addition, short-range sensors, of which Pepper has several, are insufficient for measuring distances stretching for dozens of metres in large public spaces. The most reliable way to do this may be for the robot to identify its environment based on the visual cues found all over shopping centres, such as logos, signs, bright colours and clear shapes everywhere. Pepper can use cameras to recognise people and faces. On the other hand, it has limited processing capacity and needs to be connected to an external computer to recognise its environment.
The shopping centre adventure is part of the EU-funded MuMMER project (http://www.mummer-project.eu/), whose researchers spent the pilot week working on the robot's functionality in a number of ways. The idea is to enable the robot to understand and respond sensibly to free-form Finnish, using the AI conversational software Alana. The English-language Alana was originally designed for Amazon Echo. Ready-made questions and answers, Finnish news sites, other online sources and Google Translate are being used in the Finnish version. The robot has been taught a 3D model of Ideapark. This enables it to move appropriately when giving directions and take account of the fact that customers cannot see around corners.
Pepper being prepared for user tests.
When robot meets person – and receives feedback
During the pilot week, VTT studied human/robot interaction when the robot was giving directions. The participants were a group of test users, who had to ask the robot for directions to a particular store and genuinely search for the retailer based on the instructions. The test users' interaction with the robot were recorded using several cameras, and they were also interviewed. The information gathered during the study is being compared to information obtained on a similar setup where a human worker took the place of the robot. In this way, it can be determined whether the robot should act just like a human guide, or whether customers would rather it behaved differently. Among other issues, the researchers are interested in how a robot can deduce that a customer does not understand its directions and needs further guidance. Customers were also asked to evaluate the robot's personality and behaviour on the basis of various gestures.
During the final days of the pilot week, Thursday and Friday, customers were able to try out Pepper's guidance in unstructured situations. We are not yet where we aim to be: the robot sometimes fails to recognise a name given by a customer, and some 'good will' may be needed to understand the answers generated by the robot's artificial intelligence. However, the correct directions and routes are given and the process raises a smile among customers. The project still has a year to go: by then, Pepper should be able to direct customers independently, reliably and efficiently. Then the benefits of a social robot will begin to become a reality.
The Finnish directions given still leave room for interpretation.
Partners involved in the Multi-Modal Mall Entertainment Robot (MuMMER) project:
University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (coordinator)
Heriot Watt University, United Kingdom
IDIAP Research institute, Switzerland
LAAS-CNRS, France
Softbank Robotics Europe, France
VTT, Finland
Ideapark, Finland
Palvelurobotiikka
Palvelurobotti
Service robot
Näin robotti koodataan kauppakeskuksen oppaaksi
Syyskuun viimeisenä viikkona otimme VTT:n Pepper-robotin kainaloon ja viritimme hacklabin …
Service robotics for the aid of senior citizens – user-oriented joint development is the key
The accelerating development of service robotics has raised expectations and …
Towards a senior home of the future
Today, every fifth Finn is over 65 years of age. …
Kohti tulevaisuuden seniorikotia
Meistä suomalaisista joka viides on nyt yli 65-vuotias. Katsotaanpa kymmenen …
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I made my first crochet granny square blanket 5 years ago, before my son was born. A nice lady brought me a huge box of colorful yarn and I decided to take this crochet adventure. To be honest I am not a blanket kind of person at all. It takes so long time (and yarn!) to make one. And I am usually not patient enough. So it took me 5 years before I made another one.
When I saw the picture of Summer in Swanage blanket by Dedri Uys (Look At What I Made) for the first time (late at night), I felt that my hair were standing up. I felt a kind of electrical impulse all over the body, I could hardly breath. This blanket was so beautiful, and it was about the sea. I could almost hear the music of the waves when I was looking at it… I fell in love. And I just needed to make the one for myself.
If you know me a little bit already, you may also know that I am totally addicted to the sea. I was born in Belarus with no access to the sea. I live in the Czech Republic now with lots of gorgeous mountains but no sea. For the first time I saw it when I was 14 years old and we went with the schoolmates for a summer trip to Bulgaria. That time I was not impressed at all. My skin was totally burnt and it was not really easy to enjoy the sea.
My love hit me back in 2002 when I first time came to the Baltic Sea. My English is very poor and I lack the words to describe my feelings when the huge, enormous sea suddenly hugged me. No, I was not swimming. I cannot swim and I am afraid of the water. But I was "hearing" the sea. It was "talking" to me. And I was totally lost, frozen and loved.
I love cold sea. Pale and grey. I love pale yellow sun and wet sand. I love the smell of salty, cold sea wind. That night, when I saw Dedri's blanket for the first time, I felt very strong to tell my own sea story with it. Not really a sunny holiday story. But the story of my birthday(s) in Malmö.
First time it was in 2003 I guess. My friend Fredrik suggested that we should take the bikes and to go the beach late in the evening… Just to mention I am unable to ride a bike as well and I almost broke someone's car when falling down onto it behind the first corner… But somehow I managed to reach the sea. It was night already. It was my first birthday in Malmö. And I totally cried out - sitting on the wooden bench and looking into the dark waves… That was a very strong moment. And I clearly remember it till today.
Malmö is one of the largest cities in Sweden. Technically it doesn't lie by the sea, but by Öresund channel with the famous bridge connecting Sweden and Denmark. It takes 15 minutes to go by train from Malmö to Copenhagen airport.
But for me this channel is the sea. :) There are several beaches in Malmö: with the sand and with the wood. In the summer they are crowded by people. I haven't seen any beach huts, and I am not really sure if there are any.
When I was choosing yarn for my blanket (Colour Crafter* by Scheepjes – read my review here), I was thinking about the colors of the houses, and of the grey wood. And I was mainly thinking about my own mood and my vision of this place. I was trying to translate my feelings via this blanket.
I enjoyed every single stitch. I called my blanket "Birthday in Malmö". And I love it.
Next week I will share the pictures of my finished blanket together with the shades and exact yardages I used. You can check Colour Crafter yarn at Wool Warehouse* and Paradise Fibers* (US). Both retailers ship yarn internationally.
Update: complete information about the shades and yardages for this blanket is available HERE.
Don't forget to subscribe to Weekly Newsletter not to miss a single post. And you can also follow me on Facebook, Pinterest and Instagram.
What a beautiful story, I think this blanket is a memory forever!
You are right! This is the memory and love forever!
Thank you for sharing these photos and story. I live in the U.S.A, but my mother is all Czech and my dad was half Czech, so I am always interested in hearing about it and seeing photos. So beautiful.
Unfortunately there is no sea in the Czech Republic. But the mountains here are wonderful!
Your english explains all so well.
I know what you are saying about the sea. I worked out on the ocean many years ago, and when you lay in your bunk, listening to the waves hitting the boat it is music. And when you are just sitting out in the open of the boat, and seeing the ocean waters wave by, it is a sight you won't forget. The colors can be breath taking as you look out over the waters, and see the shore behind it.
I think the colors are just perfect for your blanket, and for what I can see of the blanket, you have caught the colors so well.
Tatsiana, this post is so beautiful! And so is your blanket (which, muhahaha, I have already had the privilege of seeing)!!
Thank you so much for making it and for making me 'feel' your love of the ocean through it. I love the sea too, and, just like you, it speaks to me.
Really liked your thoughts. Your English is quite adequate and I can't wait to see your blanket.
I love that the same blanket can be made in such different palates. Both of them are beautiful and mean so much to the owners. I can hardly wait to get a full view of yours!
Your English is a lot better than a lot of people I know who have it as a first and only language., Anyone who can speak more than one language is a winner. I love the sea too, but the sky blue, white sand, waves crashing on the rocks and rock pools filled with shells and starfish and tiny fish, sea, that I have here in Australia. Really enjoyed your post.,thanks.
I think your English is excellent and you should be proud!
My trip to Denmark and Sweden made me very ashamed that I only speak one language, when so many around the world speak mine...and they do it very well.
Your blanket is going to be stunning. The long time making them is also why blankets are special and hopefully become heirlooms in the family....yes indeed, loved and enjoyed forever.
Thank you for sharing your passion for the sea and craft....the two combine beautifully.
Thank you Kathy! And now I envy you a bit that you were in Sweden and Denmark this week... I have no idea when I come back. Hopefully in the summer.
I can't wait to see yours Tatsiana! I want to make one too but I told Dedri that I probably am not going to put the beach huts on mine. I may make one for my best friend as well and then I would use the beach huts- she is a die-hard beach bunny!!
I wonder what I would feel if I lived by the sea... I don't know. Last summer me and my husband had a trip to Belgium. We spent 5 days by the coast and I rented an appartment in the house just by the sea. 50m to the beach. It was really great to wake up every morning and look over the waves. And the sky was different every day. I saw the sunrise and sunset by the sea for the first day in my life!
Lovely, beautifully evocative post! Your English is amazing! I'm looking forward to seeing the finished blanket. I love the sea, too, but am also afraid of the water!
It is a beautiful blanket and I like your colors even better!


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8 things Trump said about the Paris Climate Agreement that are total BS
From legal ramifications to economic impacts, it's all a big hot mess.
By Maria Gallucci and Andrew Freedman on June 1, 2017
This much of Trump's speech was accurate. Credit: Getty Images
> Science > Climate Change
President Trump spoke at length on Thursday about his decision to withdraw the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement.
But much of what he said doesn't hold water. In fact, it seemed at times that his speech was straight out of a criticism of a 1997 climate agreement the U.S. also joined but then withdrew from: the Kyoto Protocol.
From the legal aspects of the treaty itself, to the effects on U.S. jobs and economic growth, Trump's address was, as one former U.N. official put it, "factually sooo incorrect."
SEE ALSO: Here's why you shouldn't totally despair if the U.S. ditches the Paris Climate Agreement
"Anybody with Google on their phone can fact-check the many statements that were made today," Christiana Figueres, who helped broker the 2015 Paris accord through years of tough negotiations, said Thursday on a call with reporters.
We'll make it even easier. Here's a look at what Trump said, and how he got it wrong:
1. The Paris agreement, if fully implemented with total compliance from all nations, would only limit global temperature rise by two-tenths of 1 degree Celsius -- "a tiny, tiny amount"
Not exactly. The agreement sets emissions goals that are designed to be revisited, and presumably made more ambitious, every five years. So the Trump administration's number appears to be based on a scenario in which countries only live up to their initial commitments, rather than future ones already under discussion.
Credit: climate interactive
An analysis by Climate Interactive, which is based on the commitments already made, shows that they would cut global warming from 4.2 degrees Celsius, or 7.6 degrees Fahrenheit, above preindustrial levels in a business-as-usual scenario, down to to 3.3 degrees Celsius, or 6 degrees Fahrenheit, by 2100. That is a far greater reduction than what Trump said.
For his figures, Trump and his team distorted findings from an MIT study released in April 2016. The authors of that research have complained about Trump's mischaracterizations(Opens in a new window) and noted that they had no contact with the White House prior to the speech on Thursday.
2. Trump will renegotiate U.S. involvement in the Paris agreement
Trump said that, in order to fulfill his "solemn duty" to protect Americans, the U.S. will begin to withdraw from the Paris agreement "but begin negotiations to reenter either the Paris accord or a really entirely new transaction on terms that are fair to the United States, its businesses, its workers, its people, its taxpayers."
His administration "will see if we can make a deal that's fair. And if we can, that's great. And if we can't, that's fine," he said.
Yet the Paris treaty isn't something that one country or many countries can renegotiate on their own. It's all or none.
"This is in essence a multilateral agreement. That's why it took six years to bring together, and no one country can unilaterally change the conditions," Figueres said. "It's a very sad, but actually concerning, fact that apparently the White House has no understanding of how an international treaty works."
John Kerry, then the U.S. secretary of state, holds his granddaughter while signing the book for the Paris Climate Agreement on April 22, 2016. Credit: TIMOTHY A. CLARY/AFP/Getty Images
Michael Oppenheimer, a climate scientist and member of the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said the treaty Trump described bore little resemblance to the Paris agreement -- which is non-binding and voluntary, and carries no legal punishments. Instead, Trump seemed to be discussing Kyoto, which legally required action from wealthier countries, such as the U.S., but not emerging economies like China.
"It's completely different from Kyoto, yet they are stuck in this 20-year time warp," Oppenheimer said in an interview, adding, "And unfortunately we're stuck in there with them."
Trump can technically withdraw the U.S. from the Paris agreement, but it won't happen as immediately as it he made it sound. While any country can leave the pact, a government can't submit its plans to withdraw to the U.N. until three full years after the country formally adopted it. In America's case, that means Trump can't withdraw until Nov. 5, 2019 -- and even then it will take another year for the U.S. to officially leave.
3. The Paris agreement places "draconian financial and economic burdens" on U.S. businesses, workers, and families
The Paris agreement doesn't require the U.S. to do anything it doesn't want to do. Each nation submits its own plan for reducing emissions, but the U.N. can't punish it for not following suit.
This lack of real teeth is why environmentalists have criticized the treaty as weak, when compared to the challenge of the climate crisis. But there's nothing draconian about voluntary and non-binding terms.
4. The Paris agreement will hurt the U.S. economy and destroy jobs
In his speech, Trump cited an analysis that claimed the U.S. commitment under the Paris agreement would cost the U.S. economy nearly $3 trillion and eliminate 6.5 million industrial sector jobs by 2040.
The Obama-era commitment says the U.S. will cut carbon emissions by 26 to 28 percent by 2025, compared to 2005 levels. America is already about halfway toward meeting that target, in large part because cheaper, lower-carbon natural gas has replaced coal as the main U.S. electricity source.
National Economic Research Associates, a consulting firm that often produces anti-regulation studies, conducted the report Trump cited. But the firm assumes "highly unrealistic and unnecessarily expensive" actions are taken to reduce emissions. It also figures that clean energy technologies, such as wind and solar power and electric cars, see no significant cost reductions or innovative advances, making them appear "artificially costly," according to(Opens in a new window) the nonpartisan World Resources Institute (WRI).
Electric cars are parked at a car charging station at The University of Maryland College Park. Credit: The Washington Post/Getty Images
Many experts have said that, on the contrary, the Paris agreement will boost the U.S. economy by attracting investment and job growth in new clean energy industries. Even as jobs in traditional fossil fuel sectors decline, the broader economy is not expected to fizzle.
Gov. Jerry Brown noted that California's economy grew 40 percent faster than the rest of the U.S. last year, even as the Golden State carried out aggressive policies for boosting renewable energy, energy efficiency, and zero-emissions vehicles. California has the sixth largest economy in the world, with about $2.46 trillion in gross state product, and its climate policies far outstrip those at the federal level.
"California's economy and America's economy are boosted by following the Paris agreement," Brown told reporters on a call.
5. Under the Paris agreement, China is allowed to build "hundreds of additional coal plants" and boost its emissions over a "staggering" number of years, while the U.S. will have its hands tied, with no chance to build "clean coal" technologies
A coal-fired power plant. Credit: AP/REX/Shutterstock
Once again, the Paris Climate Agreement in and of itself doesn't dictate what a country can and cannot do. This is not the Kyoto Protocol.
Furthermore, all signs indicate that China is moving in the complete opposite direction of a coal-fired renaissance. In January, the Chinese government canceled plans to build more than 100 coal-fired power plants, in an effort to both reduce greenhouse gas emissions and eliminate the dangerous, dirty smog blanketing its biggest cities.
Tweet may have been deleted (opens in a new tab) (Opens in a new window)
That same month, China's energy agency said it would spend 2.5 trillion yuan, or $361 billion, on clean energy projects by 2020 to help shift the nation away from fossil fuels. China is also poised to launch the world's largest carbon trading market later this year with a new cap-and-trade system.
Legally speaking, the U.S. can build all the coal plants it wants under the Paris agreement. But none of them will be clean, because clean coal doesn't exist.
6. The U.S. will be the "cleanest and most environmentally friendly country on Earth"
A rooftop is covered with solar panels at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in New York. Credit: AP/REX/Shutterstock
This sounds great, but the Trump administration is doing little to make that actually happen.
So far, the administration, led by EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt, has been rolling back regulations on fuel economy standards for cars and trucks, methane emissions from oil and gas operations, carbon dioxide emissions from power plants, and proposed regulations to improve water quality.
Environmental groups warn that these changes will take the country in the opposite direction, environmentally, compared to Trump's promise.
7. The U.S. has paid "tens of billions" to the Green Climate Fund, while other countries have barely pitched in. Some of the U.S. funding was "raided out of America's budget for the war on terrorism"
Jim Yong Kim, Hyun Oh-seok, Christiana Figueres, Hela Cheikhrouhou, speak during an opening ceremony of the headquarters of Green Climate Fund in Songdo, South Korea in 2015. Credit: Young-joon/AP/REX/Shutterstock
The U.N.'s Green Climate Fund(Opens in a new window) is designed to transfer financial and technical support from wealthier countries to poorer nations that are most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In recent years, nearly three dozen governments have formally committed a total of $10.3 billion to the fund.
Of that share, the U.S. has pledged the largest chunk, at $3 billion. But the U.S. is also the world's largest economy, and on a per-capita basis, its contribution is much smaller than those from northern European countries.
So far, the U.S. State Department has actually contributed $1 billion of the total $3 billion pledge, made in two $500 million payments. The money came from the fiscal year 2016 Economic Support Fund appropriation, which is designated to "promote economic or political stability in areas where the United States has special strategic interests."
That doesn't exclusively mean terrorism. And the consequences of climate change will undoubtedly stoke economic hardship and political unrest in all parts of the world, including those where the U.S. has personal interests.
There's also enough funding to fight terrorism even with the climate spending. The U.S. spent about $600 billion on defense in fiscal year 2015, and Trump wants to increase this by another $54 billion next year.
In fact, Defense Secretary James Mattis has warned that the military would face a greater burden due to climate change, making the terrorism vs. climate spending comparison even more ridiculous.
8. America faces a "massive future legal liability" if it stays
A global map of Earth at night. Credit: NASA
This is based on a flawed understanding of how international law interacts with domestic law. U.S. courts won't cite the agreement in their decisions, but the administration is worried that it will come into play in pending cases. This is ironic, since they may need to worry more about the consequences of pulling out of the agreement.
In fact, it may soon be argued in court that by leaving Paris unilaterally, the Trump administration is incurring legal liability because it is harming the ability of its citizens to live in a stable climate. A group of 21 young Americans is suing the federal government for failing to act on climate change, with their case currently pending before a judge in Oregon.
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Maria Gallucci
Maria Gallucci was a Science Reporter at Mashable. She was previously the energy and environment reporter at International Business Times; features editor of Makeshift magazine; clean economy reporter for InsideClimate News; and a correspondent in Mexico City until 2011. Maria holds degrees in journalism and Spanish from Ohio University's Honors Tutorial College.
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text:
Sherri Ybarra votes to replace Common Core standards
Board of Education staff had encouraged their staff to oppose the legislation, but ultimately voiced support for new standards
Idaho Education Superintendent Sherri Ybarra being interviewed in the KMVT studio (Source: KMVT file image)(KMVT)
By KMVT News Staff
Published: Mar. 3, 2022 at 4:31 PM MST
BOISE, Idaho (KMVT/KSVT) — Idaho Superintendent of Public Instruction Sherri Ybarra voted in favor of replacing Common Core standards in education.
Proposed legislation to adopt new standards for math, science, and English Language Arts, as well as to replace certification standards for school personnel advanced from the House Education Committee Thursday morning.
Board of Education staff had encouraged their staff to oppose the legislation, but ultimately voiced support for new standards as long as concerns over the cost of aligning assessments with the standards were met.
Ybarra said endorsing the new legislation would send a message to the public, who have pushed for the legislation to be replaced.
"The perception of the public is these are Common Core standards, and they are still not happy," Superintendent Ybarra told the board.
"We did what legislators and the public asked us to do. We did the work and followed the process, set by the State Board of Education, of reviewing and revising standards," Superintendent Ybarra continued. "These new standards are streamlined, simplified, clear, and still rigorous."
Most board members said they support the new standards, even though most did not cast votes. The bill and resolution were sent to the House floor with a "do pass recommendation."


text:
To Theo van Gogh. The Hague, on or about Thursday, 29 March and Sunday, 1 April 1883.
My dear Theo,
By chance I've finally seen something by Lhermitte — a very superficial reproduction in woodcut. It showed an old woman on a pew. Beside her a kneeling girl.1 Whatever the shortcomings of the reproduction, it has given me some idea of his work. It reminded me straightaway of Degroux and Legros, for example. There must undoubtedly be many similarities between his work and that of Millet or Breton.
However superficial the small woodcut was, it stayed in my mind for days, and I still think of it, precisely because I'd heard about Lhermitte, due to one thing and another, I was on the lookout and searching for something by him. You remember that I wrote to you about him in connection with reviews of the Black and White.2
I've received the natural chalk — many thanks — it's very good — softer than what I first had from you, though, and the pieces are shorter by half. I would still like to have the harder kind in larger pieces, but I'm very pleased with this.
I've done a large drawing with it, more specifically with it and lithographic crayon. It's a drawing of a digger — I took as my model the orphan man you're familiar with — a bald head bent forward over the black earth3 — it seemed to me to have a certain significance, making one think of 'in the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread', for instance.4 1v:2
The appearance of the drawings of the woman with the spade5 and of this digger is such that people won't think they were done in some complicated way, but won't give any thought, I believe, to how they were done.
Only I think that if I had done them in ordinary conté, something deathly or iron-like would have entered into them that would have made people say immediately: that isn't life or nature.
Through certain greys — through a certain warmth of life and pith in the black — one prevents it being deathly and iron-like.
And in my view these little things make it worthwhile to go to the trouble of finding such materials as natural chalk and lithographic crayon. I'm very glad that you sent it.
This morning a painter saw these two drawings — it was Nakken, who didn't come for me but rang my bell in the belief that Van Deventer lived here, but he lives in the other street.6 I put him right and asked him if he'd like to have a look at the studio. He did so. Since I was working on that digger, that was what he saw first on the easel and he said, 'That's strongly drawn and seriously studied'. 1v:3 Leaving that remark aside without picking it to pieces, it still gave me pleasure, because I hardly think Nakken would say of a figure that it was well drawn if it wasn't properly put together. But I attach no further importance to it. I write to you about it because the drawing was the very one in natural chalk, and you can see from this that if you take the trouble to get me some, I for my part like nothing better than to work with it.
Now to what degree such drawings could match up to certain charcoal drawings — Lhermitte is an ideal — and reaching that standpoint a long way off — aspiring towards it, though, is an everyday concern.
Anyway, when you come sooner or later, we'll be better able to talk about it.
I spoke to Smulders about lithographs recently — he asked me on the street whether I was going to do some more.7 Which I'd like to do.
But I must discuss it with Rappard sometime, and he must first see my studies.
It often seems to me that something that would have a raison d'être could be made from figures of workmen. 1r:4
The lithographs by Emile Vernier after Millet and Corot and Daubigny have qualities I rate very highly.8 How one would like to talk to someone with such a mastery of the craft. Not with the aim of making reproductions of paintings, but better to understand what lithography is capable of.
Imagine original drawings with those curious greys and that curious rendering of fabric. Bodmer found that — he is original as an artist and at the same time he has what one might call the lithographic spectrum of colours, or rather spectrum of greys. In some respects that's entirely different from Gavarni's lithography. With Bodmer they are prints finished like paintings. I mean not only Bodmer's actual lithographs like At Bas-Bréau and Stags fighting,9 but the prints from L'Illustration as well, or Monde Illustré.10 Respect for and a need and desire for advice or correction by others mustn't, however, become an excuse for standing idle, in my view. To say I don't need others is premature, however, if on the basis of that one systematically finds others wanting.
I've always thought printing a miracle, the kind of miracle by which a grain of wheat becomes an ear. An everyday miracle — all the greater because it's everyday. One sows a single drawing on the stone or in the etching plate and one reaps a multitude.11
Can you understand that it's something I think about a great deal while at work, and that I have a great love of it? Anyway, my chief concern now is to ensure that the quality of the seed (namely the drawings themselves) improves, and if it takes a little longer I'll be content, provided the harvest is better as a result. But I still have my eye on that harvest.
Now write again soon and believe me, with a handshake,
I kept this letter for a few days because today, Sunday, I have more time to write. I'm reading Les misérables by V. Hugo.12 A book of which I have old memories, but at the same time I felt a need to read it again — just as one can feel a strong desire to see some painting again.
It's immensely beautiful, and I find the figure of Monseigneur Myriel or Bienvenu sublime.13
In your last letter you spoke of 'exercising influence' with regard to your patient. That Mgr Myriel reminds me of Corot or Millet — although he was a priest and the other two painters. But because in the world of painting Corot and Millet too, or Breton, awoke so much energy in others which would never have fully developed without them, apart from doing their own work.
You know Les misérables, don't you? — and no doubt the illustrations Brion drew for it14 — very good and convincing.
It's good to read a book like that again, it seems to me, just to keep some feelings and moods alive. The love of man above all, and faith in and consciousness of something higher, in short of the something on High.15
This afternoon I was engrossed in it for a few hours and then came into the studio — about the time the sun was setting. From the window I looked out on a broad, dark foreground — dug-over gardens and soil, mostly warm black earth, very deep in tone. Running obliquely across that is the little road of yellowish sand with green edges of grass and the thin, spindly poplars. A background of a grey silhouette of the city with the round roof of the station and towers and chimneys. And, by the way, the backs of houses still everywhere – but in the evening everything is brought together by the tone. And so, overseeing the whole, simply a foreground of black, dug-over earth, a road crossing that, a grey silhouette of a city with towers behind, just above that and almost on the horizon the red sun.
It was just like a page in Hugo — and something that would certainly have struck you and that you could describe better than I. And I thought of you at the time. 2v:6
I've already written that I've drawn with the natural chalk — yesterday I began a second drawing with it, a woman sewing.16 Particularly with an eye to chiaroscuro. I believe that when you come to the studio again you'll soon see that although I no longer talk so much about that plan of figures of workmen for lithography, I've borne it in mind all the time.17
The position is, though, that it's beginning to weigh on me more and more, in the sense that I want to make my figures more beautiful.
I have a sower18 — a mower19 — a woman at the wash-tub20 — a woman miner21 — a woman sewing22 — a digger23 — a woman with a spade24 — the orphan man25 — Prayer before the meal26 — a fellow with a wheelbarrow of manure.27
Yet more if need be — but I believe you'll understand that the very making of them, having the models before one, thinking about them, doesn't lead to one's being content with the work but rather to the opposite, namely that one says, yes, the same as that but better still and more serious still.
Now I wouldn't be attached to this idea if I thought it was impracticable, but the very fact that these drawings already exist means that the desire to make them better is more a matter of actual toil on them than just an idea. And I haven't got any further with making a final plan, since I find the execution of it more interesting.
It seems to me that these drawings are all striving straight in the direction you meant when you wrote about it recently — although matching those charcoal drawings by Lhermitte, for instance, is a very long way off. You will understand that.
Lhermitte's secret, it seems to me, is none other than that he knows the figure in 2v:7 general — namely the sturdy, severe workman's figure — through and through, and takes his subjects from the heart of the people. To reach the same level as he — one shouldn't talk of that — one must work and see how far one gets. Because talking about it would be presumptuous on my part, I believe, while working, on the other hand, would be a sign of respect and trust and faith in artists like him.
Have you ever seen anything by an American called Abbey? In New York at the moment there's a club of draughtsmen who call themselves The Tile Club or The tile painters and some of whose drawings I've seen, in a Xmas number of illustrations from Harper's among other places. I ask because these gentlemen have apparently all been to Paris together, judging by a sheet of humorous sketches by one of them.28
In my view Abbey is by far the cleverest. His figures often have something of Boughton. Boughton is also a member or honorary member of the club, but is I believe more solid than all the rest of the club put together, and doesn't make so much noise. But Abbey is very fine all the same. A figure of a woman in the snow by him that I have29 recalls both Boughton and Heilbuth.30
A large pen drawing of a Christmas party in the age of Washington or slightly earlier31 recalls Henri Pille, for instance.32
He has style — and that's a great thing, but Boughton had that even more — especially in the past. 2r:8
I write about it because I believe you'll agree with me that not all Americans are bad. That, on the contrary, there too extremes meet,33 and that besides a host of noisemakers and bunglers of the most insufferable and impossible sorts there are characters who have the effect of a lily or a snowdrop among thorns.34
Now I'm going to read a little more of Les misérables, although it's already late. A book like that warms one up, just like paintings by Dupré and old Millets — or several Decamps' — it's written with what's called verve.
I saw that a new volume by Zola has come out: 'Au bonheur des dames',35 if I remember rightly.
Date: The Hague, on or about Thursday, 29 March and Sunday, 1 April 1883
Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, inv. nos. b300 a-b V/1962
The letter was written after the making of the drawing of the woman with a spade, thus after letter 331 of on or about 21 March, in which Van Gogh talked about that drawing. There is no question of a remittance, and because receipt of the remittance of 1 April is confirmed in letter 334 of on or about 2 April, the present letter must have been written before it arrived. It was written in two sessions, the second of which was on a Sunday, and the first 'a few days' earlier (l. 139). Supposing the intervening period to be c. three days (Van Gogh had begun a new drawing and read a great deal of Hugo), the letter was written on or about Thursday, 22 March and Sunday, 25 March, or on or about Thursday, 29 March and Sunday, 1 April. It is impossible to say for certain which set of dates is correct. But given that Van Gogh presses for a speedy reply (and hence money) from Theo (l. 136), we have opted for the dates closest to the next remittance, on or about Thursday, 29 March and Sunday, 1 April 1883.
Van Gogh is working with natural chalk (322)
333 To Theo van Gogh. The Hague, on or about Thursday, 29 March and Sunday, 1 April 1883.
1. Van Gogh may be referring to the wood engraving after Léon Augustin Lhermitte's painting L'aïeule (dit à tort: la vieille femme) (The grandmother (wrongly called: The old woman) of 1880 (Ghent, Museum voor Schone Kunsten), engraved by Auguste Trichon, in L'Univers Illustré 23 (9 October 1880), p. 648. Ill. 220 . Cf. Le Pelley Fonteny 1991, pp. 95, 99, cat. no. 26.
2. For this review, see letter 308 of 5 February 1883.
3. This drawing of a digger is not known.
4. Gen. 3:19. Millet had linked this biblical text with life as an artist: see letter 226, n. 2.
5. This drawing of a woman with a spade is not known; it is first mentioned in letter 331, where Van Gogh inserted a sketch after the drawing.
6. Jan Frederik van Deventer lived at Schenkweg 88, thus close to Van Gogh (GAH, Civil registration 1880-1895).
7. In November-December 1882 Van Gogh had had a number of lithographs printed by Smulders; see letters 281 ff.
8. Emile Louis Vernier made numerous lithographs after the works of Millet, Corot and Daubigny. For an overview, see Béraldi 1885-1892, vol. 12, pp. 225-227. For Vernier's lithographs after Corot, see also letter 3, n. 4.
9. The lithographs by Karl Bodmer mentioned are Au bas Bréau. Forêt de Fontainebleau (lithograph, chez Mouilleron) (At Bas-Bréau. Forest of Fontainebleau) and Combat de cerfs. Forêt de Fontainebleau (lithograph, chez Jourdan et Barbot) (Stags fighting. Forest of Fontainebleau), after the paintings at the Salons of 1859 and 1861 (Paris, BNF, Cabinet des Estampes). Ill. 598 and Ill. 599 .
10. Karl Bodmer did various illustrations for L'Illustration and Le Monde Illustré.
a. Means: 'werkeloos afwachten' (idly waiting).
11. Cf. Hos. 8:7.
12. Victor Hugo's novel Les misérables (1862) tells the story of the ex-prisoner Jean Valjean against a historical background (from the Restoration to the uprisings in 1832-1834). Valjean is inwardly chastened through remorse and sacrifice. At the same time the book is an indictment of contemporary French society in which Hugo takes up the cause of the oppressed. Cf. also letter 692, n. 3.
13. In Les misérables the poor peasant bishop Bienvenu Myriel is a symbol of Christian charity and mercy. It is he who offers Valjean a refuge and puts him on the right path when he comes out of prison.
14. Since the first, illustrated, edition of Les misérables in 1862 there have been various reprints, often illustrated, such as the Paris edition of 1870 whose title page reads: 'Illustrés de deux cents dessins par Brion. Gravures de Yon et Perrichon'. The Paris edition [1879-1882], 5 vols, also has the Brion illustrations. See e.g. 'M. Myriel', 'Jean Valjean' and 'Jean Valjean' (vol. 1, pp. 9, 116-117). Ill. 2090 , Ill. 2093 and Ill. 2091 . Cf. Hugo 1951, p. xxi.
15. For this expression, cf. letter 288, n. 15.
16. Van Gogh speaks of a second drawing of a woman sewing in natural chalk which is not known. The drawing Woman sewing, with a girl (F 1072 / JH 341 ) is with natural chalk, but had already been mentioned in letters 327 and 330.
17. The plan to make a series of lithographs of workmen was discussed in letters 289 ff.
18. Various drawings of sowers are known, two of which Van Gogh evidently regarded as the most important; one is not known, the other is probably Sower (F 852 / JH 275 ). Cf. letter 291, nn. 6 and 8.
19. This drawing of a mower is not known.
20. This drawing of a woman at the washtub is not known.
21. This drawing of a woman miner is not known.
22. Van Gogh probably means the drawing of a woman sewing already mentioned; other drawings with this subject are Sien, sewing (F 1026 / JH 347) and Woman with a shawl, sewing (F 1033 / JH 353).
23. Van Gogh did various drawings of diggers.
24. For the (not known) drawing of a woman with spade, see n. 5 above.
25. Van Gogh frequently used the 'orphan man' as a model. If the fact that some drawings were used to make lithographs implies that Van Gogh attached a certain value to them, then here he may have in mind Old man with a stick (F 962 / JH 212 ) or Old man drinking coffee (F 996a / JH 264 ) – or the corresponding lithographs. Adrianus Jacobus Zuyderland often modelled for Van Gogh. It may also be that the drawings referred to have been lost.
26. Prayer before the meal (F 1002 / JH 281 ), drawing; see letter 294, n. 3.
27. This drawing of a man with wheelbarrow is not known.
28. For The Tile Club, see letter 295, n. 2. In the Christmas Number of Harper's Weekly of 1882 there were various contributions by members of this group of artists, who had had themselves depicted shortly before in a print after a drawing by Charles Stanley Reinhart, The Tile Club abroad, in Harper's Weekly 26 (25 November 1882), p. 748. This engraving is in the estate. Below one of the twelve humorous sketches it says 'some very important members are left behind'. Ill. 2092 (t*248). The accompanying commentary says of them: 'The Tile club is one of the pleasantest associations in New York. It is an informal society of artists, musicians and literary men, limited as to membership, but boundless as to hospitality and good-fellowship toward congenial spirits' (p. 747). See also Pisano 1999, pp. 51-53.
29. For Abbey's Winter , see letter 295, n. 4.
30. Van Gogh may be referring here to the print after the painting Priscilla by Boughton, on the back of which he did the drawing Sower (F - / JH 44); see cat. Amsterdam 1996, p. 32 (n. 46), and Appendix 1, no. 1.1 (pp. 242-243). He knew Fine weather and By the water's edge by Heilbuth (see letters 311 and 314).
31. Van Gogh must mean Abbey's Christmas in Old Virginia : letter 304, n. 37.
32. Although Van Gogh wrote Henri Pille, this is a reference to Howard Pyle's Christmas morning in Old New York, which is also mentioned in letter 346; see letter 279, n. 8.
33. An expression, also quoted in letter 331.
34. Cf. Song of Sol. 2:2.
b. Means: 'verve'.
35. Emile Zola's novel Au bonheur des dames, in the series Les Rougon-Macquart, appeared in 75 instalments in Gil Blas from 17 December 1882 to 1 March 1883, after which it was published in book form (Paris 1883). See Zola 1960-1967, vol. 3, pp. 387-803, 1667-1734. On the novel: letter 464, n. 2 ff.


EOSwriter > Guides > The EOS User Guide – Part 2 – Why EOS?
The number 1 roadblock in the way of cryptocurrencies reaching mainstream adoption is scalability.
EOS is well on the way to solving the scalability issue, as you can see from the figures below EOS is literally running laps around the competition. The top 5 most active cryptocurrencies listed here all run on the EOSIO software created by Dan Larimer and Block.one.
EOS is also designed at its core to utilize a technology called Inter Blockchain Communication which links multiple EOS Blockchains together. Once IBC is implemented EOS will be able to reach millions of TPS. This is what the real world (visa, facebook, etc) demand.
What is the point of a blockchain if everyday people can't use it?
EOS is the only cryptocurrency which uses human-readable account names, this allows people to send and receive funds by sending them to an account name they can easily remember. So if Mary wants to send money to John, she can simply enter John's EOS account name (johnsmith123) and send away. No 35 character mess of letters and numbers like 1BoatSLRHtKNngkdXEeobR76b53LETtpyT to triple check and stress over. EOS even has custom account name suffixes, for example, john.x or mary.eos and who knows how much some of these custom names will be worth in the future!
Block.one (creators of the EOS.IO software) are also working on a mobile hardware wallet for EOS which will utilize the iPhone X's Secure Enclave chip and biometric ID (facial recognition) to create the most secure and easy to use cryptocurrency wallet the world has ever seen.
The blockchain technology on which cryptocurrencies run is un-hackable. The creator of Bitcoin (Satoshi Nakamoto) has had over 980,000 Bitcoins ($4 Billion USD) sitting in his/her account for nearly 10 years. Lose your private key or enter it into a dodgy website and you can kiss your hard earned coins goodbye.
EOS has made great progress towards solving this problem with dual Active and Owner Keys, and the ability to stake your tokens. You have the option to set up alerts for your account which will notify you when an action is made. Given that it takes 3 days to "un-stake" your tokens, this buys you time to take action if your account has been compromised.
Who is going to pay to like a post on facebook, view a video on youtube or send money to John?
On EOS you pay a once off account creation fee of around $1 (this buys you resources on the network). You are then entitled to free transactions on the EOS blockchain for the rest of your life.
Oh that Bitcoin thing uses too much energy!
You're right it does, EOS, on the other hand, is the first and only carbon neutral blockchain.
Read more about this achievement in an article we wrote here.
One of the most genius aspects of EOS is its flexibility and the ability to evolve. A blockchain which cannot change and adapt to the future will simply be replaced by a better version.
Dan Larimer (CTO of Block.one) has designed EOS with this in mind. If a major bug or security risk is found they can simply freeze the chain and fix the issue. As new ideas and technology evolve they can also be incorporated into the system through a voting process. In the same situation, blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum need to "hard fork" (create a new version while the old lives on). This divides the community, dilutes the currency and creates instability.
Ever tried to live in a society without a government?
EOS has it's own on-chain governance and is run by 21 block producers who are paid by inflation to run, maintain and secure the network. Token holders vote on which block producers they would like to run the network. Changes to the blockchain can be proposed and implemented by voting through a referendum. EOS governance could well become a blueprint for future governments to follow.
But EOS is centralised right?
No blockchain is truly decentralized, it's a relative term. Many like Bitcoin claim to be but this is not the reality of the situation. Bitcoin is run by 4 major mining pools who have control of the network. This is not truly decentralized by any stretch of the imagination. EOS, on the other hand, is run by 21 block producers. No one party can ever own more than 10% of the token supply. This ensures the system can never be completely controlled or corrupted, unlike its counterparts.
An airdrop is a way of distributing tokens/coins of an upcoming project/dApp among users of the EOS mainnet. Basically, you receive free tokens from EOS projects intending to run on the EOSIO blockchain.
Below are some EOS projects which have utilized the Airdrop model to distribute their tokens.
During the companies, 1-year long ICO (Initial Coin Offering) Block.one managed to raise 4 billion dollars. This makes it the most successful ICO of all time. Of the 4 billion raised so far Block.one has reinvested 1 billion into VC (venture capital) firms to help develop and grow upcoming projects on EOS. You can bet the other $3 billion will also be used to fuel the rocket which will launch EOS into the mainstream.
Dan Larimer is The Man behind the EOS.IO software and he has quite the resume behind him. From having communications with Satoshi on the early Bitcoin forums and actually voicing his concerns about the scalability of Bitcoin, (which has now come to fruition) to creating the software on which the top 5 most used blockchains in existence run on (see chart below).
Written below is Dan's mission statement and I highly recommend you check out his presentation at Virginia Tech.
Peter Thiel, Mike Novogratz, and Jihan Wu…. google them. Oh yeah and the CFO of the Commonwealth Bank Australia quit his multi-million dollar position to join Block.one (creators of EOS.IO software).
The people within the EOS community are the most welcoming, helpful and genuine I've had the pleasure of meeting online. Their aligned incentives create a strong sense of community which furthers the growth and development of the EOS ecosystem.
One of the best ways to educate yourself on EOS is through YouTube. There's a great group of EOS community members discussing and sharing new features, improvements, and ideas.
If somehow you've made it to the end of this article and still have doubts as to why EOS is destined to reach mass adoption, here's a little more convincing from Rob Finch, Cypherglass BP (block producer).


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Celebrities Entertainment Kate McKinnon: Top 10 Must-Know Facts About Comedian
Kate McKinnon: Top 10 Must-Know Facts About Comedian
Kate McKinnon (Comedian) was born on the 6th of January, 1984. She was born in 1980s, in Millennials Generation. Her birth sign is Capricorn and her life path number is 11. Kate's birth flower is Carnation and birthstone is Garnet. What does this all mean? Let's find out!
Discover all the facts that no one tells you about Kate McKinnon below ↓
NAME: Kate McKinnon
REAL NAME: Kate McKinnon Berthold
NICKNAME: Kate
PROFESSION: Comedian
BIRTHPLACE: Sea Cliff, Long Island, NY, USA
SEXUALITY: Lesbian
Kate McKinnon, best known for being a Comedian, was born in Sea Cliff, Long Island, NY, USA on Friday, January 6, 1984. Known for her work on the popular comedy series The Big Gay Sketch Show and Saturday Night Live, she also appeared in such films as Intramural and Life Partners. She was cast in the 2016 sci-fi/comedy film Ghostbusters.
Family: She attended Columbia University. She has a younger sister, fellow comedian Emily Lynne. Kate McKinnon father's name is Michael Thomas Berthold and mother Laura Campbell. We will continue to update details on Kate McKinnon's family.
Laura Campbell
Education: Kate McKinnon Berthold attended North Shore High School, Glen Head, NY (2002) and Columbia University (2006).
Dating: According to CelebsCouples, Kate McKinnon is dating Marla Mindelle.
Net Worth: Online estimates of Kate McKinnon's net worth vary. It's easy to predict her income, but it's much harder to know how much she has spent over the years. CelebsMoney and NetWorthStatus does a good job of breaking most of it down.
2. Kate McKinnon's zodiac sign is Capricorn
Kate McKinnon zodiac sign is a Capricorn. Dates of Capricorn are December 22 - January 19. Those born under the Capricorn zodiac sign are talented at applying their intelligence and ambition to practical matters. Stability and order are important to them - and this makes them good organizers. They are driven, patient, strategic, determined, disciplined, responsible, and persistent. On the other hand, they can also be pessimistic, greedy, cynical, fearful, ruthless and rigid.
BORN IN THE YEAR OF THE: Rat
The American comedian has been alive for 14,267 days or 342,427 hours. There were precisely 484 full moons after her birth to this day.
Kate McKinnon was born on a Friday. Friday is ruled by Venus, the planet of love, balance, beauty, romance, elegance, and pleasure. People born on Friday are social animals, artistic, and obsessed with beauty and love.
Countdown to Kate McKinnon's next birthday.
Kate McKinnon will be turning 40.
4. On Kate McKinnon's birthday
The world's population was 4,786,483,862 and there were an estimated year babies born throughout the world in 1984, Ronald Reagan (Republican) was the president of the United States, and the number one song on Billboard 100 was "Say, Say, Say" by Paul McCartney and Michael Jackson.
5. Kate McKinnon's height and weight
We're currently in process of confirming all details such as Kate McKinnon's height, weight, and other stats. If there is any information missing, we will be updating this page soon. If you any have tips or corrections, please send them our way.
6. The Year of the Rat
Kate McKinnon was born in the Year of the Rat. People with Chinese zodiac Rat are instinctive, acute and alert in nature which makes them to be brilliant businessmen. They can always react properly before the worst circumstances take place. Their strengths are adaptable, smart, cautious, acute, alert, positive, flexible, outgoing, and cheerful. But they can also be timid, unstable, stubborn, picky, lack of persistence, and querulous . Their lucky numbers are 2, 3, and lucky colors are gold, blue, green.
7. Kate McKinnon's life path number is 11
Kate McKinnon was born in the middle of Millennials Generation.
9. Kate McKinnon's birthstone is Garnet
10. Kate McKinnon's birth flower is Carnation


Relaxshacks jamaica cottage shop ten awesome is one images from check out 28 tiny house cottage ideas of Homes Alternative photos gallery. This image has dimension 1600x1143 Pixel and File Size 457 KB, you can click the image above to see the large or full size photo. Previous photo in the gallery is bed tiny cottage house plan floor master. For next photo in the gallery is tiny house town simblissity stone cottage. You are viewing image #17 of 28, you can see the complete gallery at the bottom below.


Photography and videography can be a great ways to add charm to a website, making it more attractive and eye-catching. In the design world, photography and graphic design have a long twinned history. In our website's blog, you'd find our popular & great visual inspirations in photography, design, and videography, which you'd love immersing yourself in. We'd also love to work with you in producing quality prints of our creations, so feel free to talk to us about it now!
Our Design team offers a range of creative design and print services, from designing and producing various types of quality printed materials, to providing guidance on layout and visual identity. Photography is widely used in today's web design. A website's photographs can serve many purposes in what information they communicate and how they communicate it. They can additionally be used to set a mood or communicate a theme for the entire website or even brand. Photographic contents can take an otherwise simple website with basic design structure and text, to the next level.


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Aldous Leonard Huxley (1894-1963) was born in Godalming in Surrey to an intellectual family. He was the grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, the famous biologist and colleague of Darwin. He was also the great-nephew of Matthew Arnold, the brother of scientist and writer Julian Huxley, and the nephew of the best-selling novelist Mrs. Humphry Ward. He attended Eton, during which time his mother died and he developed a serious disease of the eyes that left him partially blind for the rest of his life. These circumstances left the young Huxley unable to pursue the career in medicine as he had intended and instead he took a degree in English Literature at Balliol College, Oxford.
Huxley became a journalist in 1919, having already published three books of poetry. Throughout most of the 1920s and the first half of the 1930s, Huxley lived in Italy where he befriended the novelist D.H. Lawrence. His most famous and significant work is Brave New World (1932), a future-shock tale of genetic manipulation. He wrote much non-fiction during the later years of his life, notably The Doors of Perception (1954) and Heaven and Hell (1956) in which he describes his experimentation with mescaline, LSD and peyote. Although many feel that, Brave New World aside, Huxley's novels are better conceptually than they are literary, he is widely regarded as a genius and a maverick.
"Experience is not what happens to a man, it's what a man does with what happens to him."
"Facts do not cease to exist because they are ignored."
"There's only one effectively redemptive sacrifice, the sacrifice of self-will to make room for the knowledge of God."
"The only completely consistent people are the dead."
"That men do not learn very much from the lessons of history is the most important of all the lessons of history."
"A fanatic is a man who consciously over compensates a secret doubt."
A Very Short Children's Story About Amos
Sam Ewing
Sybil Ludington
Betty Zane
Why we are named America
Joseph Plumb Martin
Change in the Most Popular Pages Listing
New Most Popular Pages
All New Patriot Camp
New Biblical Directory for Snapshots
Lostpine Now Has New Social Media Sharing Feature


This section of the East Coast Main Line gained fame for including the length on which the world steam record was made.
The charming rural stations on the route have received little attention, but amends are made herein. The extensive variety of express locomotives is an notable feature of this album.


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Home Florida Politics Ron DeSantis, Cabinet Approve Two Florida Forever Land Acquisitions
Ron DeSantis, Cabinet Approve Two Florida Forever Land Acquisitions
On Tuesday, Gov. Ron DeSantis and the Florida Cabinet approved two Florida Forever land acquisitions and agreed to acquire a conservation easement that will protect natural environments in Manatee, Sarasota and Columbia Counties. The properties acquired on Tuesday will be managed by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP).
"The protection of our environment and vital water resources is one of the most pressing issues facing our state," said DeSantis. "Today's land acquisitions give us another opportunity to address these issues in a meaningful way."
"As a major link to conservation efforts, Florida's land is of the utmost importance to our environmental initiatives," said DEP Sec. Noah Valenstein. "Today's approvals will protect Florida for generations. The Orange Hammock acquisition protects 5,777 acres of natural, pristine Florida habitat and the largest undeveloped property left in Sarasota County. By continuing to invest in these projects, we are prioritizing Florida's future as our population continues to rapidly grow. I thank Governor DeSantis and the Cabinet for consistently supporting our efforts to preserve biologically diverse ecosystems and keeping both eyes on the environmental future of our state."
"We are grateful for the support and leadership of Governor DeSantis and the cabinet for conserving these natural lands," said FWC Executive Director Eric Sutton. "Each tract has tremendous ecological value and also represents increased access for the benefit of our citizens and visitors."
"We are so pleased the governor and his Cabinet voted today to protect this property forever for drinking water, rare habitat and for the public to enjoy," said Conservation Foundation of the Gulf Coast President Christine Johnson. "We are grateful to DEP Secretary Noah Valenstein and his team for making this happen. The protection of Orange Hammock Ranch has been a priority for Conservation Foundation along with the community for many years. We are also thankful to Eric Sutton, executive director of FWC and his staff for their willingness to step forward and manage the property for public nature-based recreation. Conservation Foundation is honored to lead the charge to bring community support to the table."
The first approved parcel of land is approximately 5,777 acres within the Myakka Ranchlands Florida Forever project in Sarasota County, with FWC being designated as the managing agency. This the largest undeveloped parcel remaining in the area and is critical for the overall protection of the area's drinking water supply, as it enhances the sustainability of the water resource by restricting development, preserving the natural systems, promoting water retention and storage, filtration, and aquifer recharge.
The second approved parcel of land is approximately 17-acres within the Strategic Managed Area Lands List (SMALL) Florida Forever project and will become an addition to River Rise Preserve State Park. Columbia Spring, located on the subject parcel, is where a portion of the Santa Fe River emerges from underground. Acquisition of this parcel will protect the prominent hydrological features of the Santa Fe River system, Columbia Spring, and its spring-run stream.
DeSantis and the Cabinet also agreed to acquire a conservation easement over approximately 559 acres within the Myakka Ranchlands Florida Forever project in Manatee County. The parcel is located within the Myakka Ranchlands Florida Forever project, ranked number 4 in the Florida Forever Less-Than-Fee project category. This property is adjacent to Flatford Swamp, owned by the Southwest Florida Water Management District, which is an important aquifer recharge area and surface water feature for the headwaters of the Myakka River corridor.
Rick Scott Wants to Know How Team USA is Trying to Protect Olympians From Chinese Espionage - 01.18.22
christine johnson
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eric sutton
florida cabinet
florida department of environmental protection
florida fish and wildlife conservation commission
myakka ranchlands florida forever
noah valenstein
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small florida forever
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Ron DeSantis and Cabinet Approve Florida Forever Land Acquisitions, Conservation Easements
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Ron DeSantis Wants $725 Million From Joe Biden for Everglades Restoration


High heeled boots occur to be the footwear for ladies, which could be very fashionable and really fashionable and the recent favorite within the trend area due to its several useful attributes. The ROSA RP01 shoe in the photograph under has a 3cm platform, so the stem of the heel was made longer. If sneakers weren't required in most places, I'm positive we might go round barefoot extra usually, leading to tougher feet that wouldn't have so many issues, even in city areas. Fortunately, it's potential to experiment with minimal sneakers without spending maximal dollars! Scott Jurek, on the left, is heel-hanging in common padded running shoes with elevated heels. In spite of the laid-again attitudes of their audience, Birkenstock developed extremely advanced shoes.
Celebrities like Lady Gaga, who also favour the sort of stratospheric heavy-obligation platform footwear have bodyguards to lean on. Generally speaking, a six and a half to seven inch heel on a platform shoe is taken into account fairly excessive sufficient to trigger a stir – particularly if the shoe has a real stiletto heel, like our more recent ROSA/12 Platform Stiletto Court Shoe, which has been recognized to carry a party to a halt while photos are taken for social media.
I noticed a pair of Vivo Barefoot Breatho Trail footwear on large discount, so snapped them up (online). Much extra stable than the Wal-Mart aqua socks, and seem like regular slip-on sneakers (the distinction stitching within the image is gone.) Reasonably large. However, a pair of wool socks and water footwear work just nice for me, regardless of how cold it will get.
Running, walking, basketball, tennis, and cross coaching sneakers are supplied in women and men's styles and sizes. That's why I put on the water shoes: higher floor feel than the expensive sneakers! Jazz shoes-the form of footwear dancers wear for efficiency and observe-work properly, too.
However, the soles do not final almost as lengthy…particularly for those who do a whole lot of operating on pavement, at which level it is in all probability cheaper to buy actual" minimal shoes. Even although I can certainly afford the costlier footwear, I wear either the modified skate sneakers or the Athletecs as my day by day casual footwear, and for occasional trail-running use, because of their comfort and grip. However, for someone trying to check out minimal shoes with out committing $eighty+, one in every of these options will certainly do the job…and it's possible you'll find yourself preferring them! I've heard of people carrying neoprene dive socks (or different waterproof socks) beneath their water shoes.


Use of make-up room, lounge and kitchen, with free tea, coffee and water.
Use of studio grip gear, including dolly and track, mini-jib, ronford-baker head and legs, clamps, hangers, autopoles etc.
Use of studio lighting gear - a limited selection, including blondes, redheads, mizars, ninelights, stands, diffusers, flags, polys etc.
A charge will be made for electricity used during your hire at current business rates +20% (normally around £10-20 per day). Discounts for all facilities are available to community, charity, student and amateur groups. Depending on requirements, a charge may be made for painting of the infinity cove. Any damages to equipment used during the hire period will be charged for.
© 2004 Edinburgh Film Studios. Designed by EFS.


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Q: mysql compare column and subquery sql query:
select
usr.username,
(
  select usr2.username
  from users as usr2
) as another_user
from users as usr
having usr.username != another_user

how can i compare usr.username with a subquery for example named as another_user?
i want to get all results where the usr.username is not equal to another_user
i tried the WHERE clause or the HAVING but still get error
#1064 - You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax

A: Try
select
usr.username,
(
  select username from users where ...
) as another_user
from users as usr
where usr.username <> another_user.username

A: Maybe something like this:
SELECT
    *
FROM
(
    select
    usr.username,
    (
      ....
    ) as another_user
    from users as usr
) AS T
WHERE
    NOT T.username = T.another_user

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Tag Archives: Ghost Recon
May 2, 2022 Action Comments Off on Ghost Recon Breakpoint
Ghost Recon Breakpoint Discontinued After almost three years, Ubisoft has decided to end the controversial shooter. Breakpoint has come to an end in Ghost Recon: Future Soldier. Ubisoft is putting Ghost Recon: Breakpoint to rest after nearly three years of development. With a boring open environment and little variety in gameplay, the live-service shooter got off to a shaky start. Above all, Ghost Recon: Breakpoint was severely affected by aggressive monetization and Ubisoft's NFT effort. After all, the most recent improvements may be able to let the game shine once more. According to the majority of gamers who commented on the tweet, Ubisoft's failing NFT campaign is to blame for the game's sudden end. As a reminder, Ubisoft's in-house service Quartz has begun selling NFTs in Ghost Recon: Breakpoint. The players, on the other hand, were very critical of this. However, you shouldn't expect any fresh stuff in the near future. After almost three years, Ubisoft has decided to end the controversial shooter. However, Ghost Recon: Breakpoint will no longer receive new content. Ubisoft's decision has left players disappointed and perplexed. Unhappy players can be seen under the accompanying tweet who would have liked to have seen more of Ghost Recon: Breakpoint's universe. Some users are even perplexed because they were anticipating new stuff. Finally, as @Mazzola pointed out, there are some loose ends. "However, three investigations remain open?" Daniel writes. Also, the entire third island must be unlocked." "Just like Wildlands finished, one last operation to tie up the loose ends and announce the next part," he continued. However, Ubisoft has announced that there will be no further updates. Unlike Ubisoft's previous multiplayer shooter, Hyper Scape, we thank the fans for their love and support and will keep the servers operational.


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Q: Corollary of Borel-Cantelli lemma Measure space $(X, \mathcal{A}, ν)$ has $ν(X) = 1$. Let $A_n \in  \mathcal{A} $ and denote
$B := \{x : x ∈ A_n$ for infinitly many n }.
I want to prove that if  $ν(A_n) \geq \epsilon > 0$ for all n, then $ν(B) ≥ \epsilon$.
$\textbf{My attempt}:$
$$B = \text{limsup} A_n = \bigcap_{n=1}^{\infty}\bigcup_{k=n}^{\infty}A_k$$
taking complement and taking measure from both sides:
$$\nu(X)-\nu(B) =  \nu\bigg[\bigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} \bigg(\bigcup_{k=n}^{\infty}A_k\bigg)^c\bigg] = \bigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} \nu(B_n)\leq \sum_{n=1}^\infty\nu(B_n)$$
$$\nu(B) \geq 1 - \sum_{n=1}^\infty\nu(B_n) $$
$B_n$ is an increasing sequence (i.e.$B_n \subset B_{n+1}$)  ,right?
$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\nu(B_n) = \lim_{n \to \infty}\nu(B_n)$ so there exist N such that $\nu(B_n) \leq \frac{1-\epsilon}{2^n}$ thus;
$$\nu(B) \geq 1 - \sum_{n=1}^\infty\nu(B_n) \leq 1-(1-\epsilon)=\epsilon $$

A: It is not true that $\sum \nu (B_n)=\lim \nu(B_n)$. Also the inequality you derived is of no use when  $\sum \nu (B_n)=\infty$ because it just says $\nu (B) \geq -\infty$.
For a correct proof use Fatou's Lemma:
$\nu(B^{c})=\nu (\lim \inf A_n^{c}) \leq \lim \inf \nu (A_n^{c})\leq 1-\epsilon$ so $\nu (B) \geq \epsilon$.

A: You have some mistakes in your proof. Here is a simple one.
Let $B_n=\bigcup_{k=n}^{\infty}A_k$
$\nu(B_n)\geq \nu(A_n) \geq \epsilon, \forall n \in \Bbb{N}$
Then $\nu(B)=\lim_n \nu(B_n) \geq \epsilon$


Today I am thankful for the amazing people in my life – friends of all shapes and sizes, ages, and stages of life. I am grateful for the genuine connections I've had the pleasure of making and the awesome support I have because of that.
I want to encourage you today to choose to surround yourself with strong, genuine people who encourage both love and laughter. You owe it to yourself to build a life you enjoy, through which you can fulfill your purpose (of just being you!) I was struck today by the realization that each of us has a different story – an account of our unique journey. And our ability to open up and share that with the people around us is such a crucial part of making this journey meaningful.
We were not meant to travel alone, friends. We live our lives in community, in relationships of all kinds. So make the most of every opportunity: Go home and hug your kids today, tell your family you love them, and make sure your friends know they are appreciated.
"We never know how far reaching something we think, say, or do today will affect millions of lives tomorrow." (B.J.Palmer) And it's true – in both a negative and positive way. We need to take these words to heart and evaluate our attitudes as well as our behaviours. We can choose to invite and facilitate love and life in each day, or focus on the negatives and perpetuate our problems.


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<!DOCTYPE html>

  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Code Coverage for /var/www/btcexchange/src/Exchange/ExchangeInterface.php</title>
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <link href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="../css/style.css" rel="stylesheet">

/var/www/btcexchange/src

Exchange

ExchangeInterface.php

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	<?php

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	namespace Del\Exchange;

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	interface ExchangeInterface

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	{

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	    /**

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	     * @param null|Config $config

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	     */

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	    public function __construct(Config $config);

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	    /**

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	     * @param Config $config

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	     * @return ExchangeInterface

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	     */

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	    public function setConfig(Config $config);

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	    /**

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	     * @param $uri

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	     * @param array $params

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	    public function send($uri,array $params = []);

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	    /**

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	     * @param $price

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	    public function buyOrder($amt,$price);

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	     * @return mixed

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	     */

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	    public function sellOrder($amt,$price);

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	    /**

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	     * @param $orderid

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	     * @return mixed

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	     */

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	    public function cancelOrder($orderid);

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	    public function getOrders();

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	    public function getTransactionHistory();

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	    public function getTicker();

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	    public function setClient();

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	}

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The University of Lahore is opening admission 2016 for postgraduate programs in the four Clinical disciplines of Medical Sciences at University College of Dentistry approved by Pakistan Medical & Dental council and recognized by PMDC and HEC.
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