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42196_Hunt,V_2016.pdf (1.7 MB)
The genomic basis of parasitism in the Strongyloides clade of nematodes
posted on 2023-01-22, 22:27 authored by VL Hunt, IJ Tsai, A Coghlan, AJ Reid, N Holroyd, BJ Foth, A Tracey', JA Cotton', EJ Stanley, H Beasley, HM Bennett, K Brooks, B Harsha, R Kajitani, A Kulkarni, D Harbecke, E Nagayasu, S Nichol, Y Ogura, MA Quail, N Randle, D Xia, NW Brattig, H Soblik, DM Ribeiro, A Sanchez-Flores, T Hayashi, T Itoh, DR Denver, Warwick GrantWarwick Grant, JD Stoltzfus, JB Lok, H Murayama, J Wastling, A Streit, T Kikuchi, M Viney, M Berriman
Soil-transmitted nematodes, including the Strongyloides genus, cause one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases. Here we compare the genomes of four Strongyloides species, including the human pathogen Strongyloides stercoralis, and their close relatives that are facultatively parasitic (Parastrongyloides trichosuri) and free-living (Rhabditophanes sp. KR3021). A significant paralogous expansion of key gene families - families encoding astacin-like and SCP/TAPS proteins - is associated with the evolution of parasitism in this clade. Exploiting the unique Strongyloides life cycle, we compare the transcriptomes of the parasitic and free-living stages and find that these same gene families are upregulated in the parasitic stages, underscoring their role in nematode parasitism.
The S. ratti transcriptome and proteome work was funded by Wellcome Trust grant 094462/Z/10/Z awarded to M.V., J.W. and M.B. The S. ratti, S. stercoralis, S. papillosus, P. trichosuri and Rhabditophanes sp. KR3021 genome sequencing and the S. venezuelensis optical mapping were funded by Wellcome Trust grant 098051. The S. venezuelensis work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (24310142, 21590466 and 24780044), KAKENHI for Innovative Areas 'Genome Science' (221S0002) and the Integrated Research Project for Human and Veterinary Medicine of the University of Miyazaki. I.J.T. was supported by Academia Sinica. Work was funded by grants AI050668 and AI105856 from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) to J.B.L. and by Resource-Related Research Grant RR02512 from the US NIH to M. Haskins, which provided research materials for the study. J.D.S. received support from US NIH training grant AI060516. A.K. was supported by a predoctoral stipend from the Max Planck Society. Work by AK., D.H. and A.S. was funded by the Max Planck Society.
9p. (p. 299-307)
Nature Publishing Group
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/.
nematodesStrongyloides stercoralisParastrongyloides trichosuriRhabditophanes sp. KR3021Strongyloides fuelleborniStrongyloides papillosusnematode parasitism


text:
He's Now 'Professor' Larry Gatlin And He's Teaching Songwriting
Metallica Are Headed To The Big Screen In 2023
Sony Spends A Record $140 Million On The Crown
Warner's UK Studios Report Record Revenue
Finally, Pamela Anderson Has Agency Over Her Own Story In Netflix Doc
The Odd, Winding History Of The Name "DC Extended Universe"
The Best New Movies And Shows On Netflix Today: January 28, 2023
ForbesBusinessHollywood & Entertainment
DJ Khaled Talks New Music And Shares Advice On Living Through The Pandemic: 'Take This Time To Be Creative'
Hugh McIntyre
Sep 8, 2020, 08:30am EDT |
MIAMI GARDENS, FLORIDA - FEBRUARY 02: DJ Khaled attends Super Bowl LIV at Hard Rock Stadium on ... [+] February 02, 2020 in Miami Gardens, Florida. (Photo by Kevin Winter/Getty Images)
DJ Khaled isn't just a successful musician, he's a lifestyle. He's not a singer or a rapper, but he's landed more hits than most pop stars. He is the rare star who works behind the scenes, producing tunes and writing songs, but who is now a household name. He's branded everything he's touched, and he's as well known for sayings, mantras and his work ethic as he is for his music, at least to some.
Throughout the years, DJ Khaled has landed an incredible 18 top 40 hits on the Hot 100 and eight top 10 albums, including several chart-toppers. While he may be well over a decade into his tenure as a superstar, there is still so much more to come from the powerhouse.
I spoke to DJ Khaled about his new singles with Drake, his forthcoming album and I asked him to share some advice for his millions of fans who are going through extraordinarily tough times right now.
Hugh McIntyre: I wrote about you recently when you scored two top 10 hits at the same time, both debuts. That was huge. What did it feel like to accomplish that?
DJ Khaled: Oh, unbelievable. I'm working on my new album right now as we speak, and those were my first two singles off my album called, Khaled Khaled. And I'm blessed to work with Drake. Working with Drake, one of the best and one of the greatest artists… To be able to put two records out with me and Drake is huge. When me and Drake was talking about putting these two records out, I was like, "Man, I would love to put them out at the same time."
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Will The Week Ahead Validate The Bear's Case?
MORE FROM FORBESDrake And DJ Khaled Score Two Top 10 Debuts As Chris Brown And Young Thug Jump Up The Hot 100By Hugh McIntyre
I wanted to put out new music from my album because we all going through hard times. And I felt like, at times like this, leaders got to bring the light. And we all have to find the light. And I felt like through the music and the beautiful energy that we're putting out there for our fans, and the families, and the people out there. I said, "Let's put two big records out," and we did. We did it through a pandemic, man. And I want to be one of the people that help bring the light.
McIntyre: Were you at all worried with that plan? Sometimes if you release too much music at once, people can't focus on it, or you hurt your chances on the charts.
Khaled: Nah. I wasn't worried about nothing. It's Khaled and Drake. Without even hearing the song, you see Khaled and Drake, you just know it's greatness. The fans know when Khaled and Drake get together, we're on there popping. And speaking of the blessings, we top five on radio right now. And God willing, we'll be number one any second, any day.
So I'm excited about that we just went gold with "Popstar," and I got the call today that "Greece" is going to be gold any second. I don't do anything traditional. I always do things that are disruptive in a great way and just go hard, you know?
MORE FROM FORBESGrammy Predictions 2021: BTS, Taylor Swift, Post Malone And Dua Lipa For Album Of The YearBy Hugh McIntyre
McIntyre: Those songs are still doing well, but what's the plan for next singles or promotional singles?
Khaled: I'm working on the album and I've got a lot of plans that I want to share with you and the fans when it's time. But the album is going to be something incredible. It's coming out incredible. And I'm just creating right now, but these two singles that's out right now, I got a surprise coming. And it's a lot more to it. Right now, I think we're four weeks in with these two singles. And the love, and the blessing, and the success in these four weeks has been so phenomenal. And they're still brand new. You're going to feel this energy that I'm talking about, and I'm just taking all this energy to make the whole album, Khaled Khaled.
McIntyre: What is different about this upcoming album?
Khaled: It gets better and greater. Every album is my biggest album and I think I've shown and proved that throughout my whole career. Every album has gotten bigger and bigger, and this is my twelfth album. To be able to come out with 11 albums, again, that is such a blessing. And I take nothing for granted. For the fans to want to hear this body of work that I've been giving for years and my brand and myself, just continue to get bigger. And when I say bigger, just blessings, man. Because I'm somebody that works hard. And the last five years, my life has changed a lot. And in the last four years, especially, because I have two beautiful boys now.
MORE FROM FORBESGrammy Predictions 2021: BTS, Beyoncé, Lady Gaga, Taylor Swift And Ariana Grande For Record Of The YearBy Hugh McIntyre
So my inspiration's on a whole 'nother level, man. Everything I do, I have to be great, but my kids make me greater. And this album, I titled it Khaled Khaled, my birth name. And having it my birth name is so powerful. My name means immortal, means forever. And also my first and last name is exactly the same. So, I knew I was special from a young age, you know?
McIntyre: Sure. The list of people you've worked with is crazy. Drake, Rihanna, Beyoncé. I mean, it goes on and on. Is there somebody left you haven't collaborated with yet that you would love to?
Khaled: Man, I've been blessed to work with almost every single person I ever wanted to work with, but I would love to... I've worked with Dr. Dre. I've worked with him, but I've never worked with him on one of my albums, and I would love to work with him maybe one day. Andre 3000, friends with Andre, a big fan of Andre. Just one day, I want to be able to present the right record. I would love to work with Eminem, but I'm very happy with everybody I work with. My goal and my energy, I want to continue to work with everybody I've worked with before.
And that's what the beauty is. It's when you make great music with great people, usually people want to continue to make great music. And also our relationships continue to get bigger and better. So I want to continue making music with everybody I've made records with on my last 11 albums. That's always been my goal.
MORE FROM FORBESGrammy Predictions 2021: Blackpink, Pop Smoke, Doja Cat And Ava Max For Best New ArtistBy Hugh McIntyre
McIntyre: Tell me a bit about your new partnership with Bud Light. What makes you decide which brands you want to work with and which ones you don't?
Khaled: You know, I got to love it. And I'm always big on showing the world what I love because I'm passionate. I don't know how to do anything half-way, so I go all in. I love Bud Light for a lot of reasons. First of all, I really drink Bud Light, but not even just that. I love the partnership, how they touch the people, how they give back. And just entertainment-wise, we've done some great things during Super Bowl time, and we did a great concert the other day, and it was just... As much as I love Bud Light, I love the way they bring entertainment to the world.
The partnership, it's just been amazing. Great people, great team, and it matches everything that I do. And when I say everything I do, it's me working on my albums, or music, or concerts. And then of course, I'm saying the product is amazing. It's just a lifestyle.
McIntyre: You are known for giving great advice. I know you've written a bestselling book based solely on that. For the people reading this, what is your best advice to help them get through this tough time?
MORE FROM FORBESGrammy Predictions 2021: Taylor Swift, Selena Gomez, H.E.R. And Harry Styles For Song Of The YearBy Hugh McIntyre
Khaled: My advice would be, obviously, stay prayed up and stay safe. But take this time to be creative. Also, take this time to love your loved ones even more. And I feel like those that take this advice will become stronger, better, and greater coming out the pandemic. Because if you don't do these types of things, you'll get stuck in the pandemic even when the pandemic is over.
Me? I'm already looking past this. I'm an entrepreneur. I'm a music mogul. I am a father. I'm a producer. I'm a DJ. I'm a music exec. I got so many things that I want to do that I haven't done that I'm going to do. And this time, just meditating and being in the house with my family, and just enjoying it, it's made me more inspired to get these things done.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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HomeLeadershipRotary Club to assume leadership of annual Saugatuck Venetian Festival
Rotary Club to assume leadership of annual Saugatuck Venetian Festival
SAUGATUCK — A new organization will take over leadership of the popular Saugatuck Venetian Festival.
The Rotary Club of Saugatuck-Douglas will plan the event, at least for 2023, following an unanimous vote on Jan. 13 from its board of directors. The decision comes after the event's previous organizer, Cow Hill Yacht Club, relinquished control in a letter to Saugatuck City Council.
The club cited increased complexity and costs associated with organization, expressing hope the event could transition to "another charitable organization with the resources to organize and manage it in the future."
The Rotary Club decided unanimously to accept one year of provisional leadership.
"While it is our intention to organize the event indefinitely, in 2023 we also wish to evaluate the return on investment from the festival and work with you (members) and various partners around town to optimize the event for the future, if possible," the organization wrote in a letter to members.
The Venetian Festival has been a mid-summer tradition in Saugatuck for decades. Its most recent iteration involved multiple events held over two days the last weekend in July. Friday has featured a concert, cash bar and fireworks — while Saturday has been reserved for water activities, culminating in an evening illuminated boat parade along the Kalamazoo River.
"The board stepped up to continue Venetian Fest because it represents what we felt was both an obligation to the community and an opportunity for Rotary," wrote Mark Smaller, club president, in a statement.
"We have decided to dedicate the annual net proceeds of the festival to our environmental imperative, with a special focus on the health of our waterways — the river, harbor and lake. This emphasis is a natural linkage with a summer festival celebrating our communal life along those waterways."
The club doesn't intend to change much this year, in order to evaluate how much effort will be required to "pull it off successfully." But, in the future, it may look to innovate for efficiency and environmental responsibility.
This year's festival will take place July 28-29 and will feature 1980s cover band "Star Farm."
Anyone interested in volunteering or sponsoring should email letstalk@saugatuckdouglasrotary.org.
— Contact editor Cassandra Lybrink at clybrink@hollandsentinel.com. Follow her on Twitter @CassLybrink.
Unity Foundation Vice President named to 2023 Mutz Philanthropic Leadership Institute
ProcessUnity Closes 2022 with Significant Growth, Continued Market Leadership


This TV is for cartoons and video games only!
and played a bunch of video games.
PORTRAYED AS A CARTOON. - YEAH.
No, no. This is only TV.
Well, this is a token used for video games.
This is KRKR TV. And now for the latest news.
- The cartoon? - Yeah.
and this is what remains.
This is a "Cathy" cartoon.
- This is a store, and this is their price.
I am suspending all your TV and video game privileges.
- I mean, this is the only way he can ride a horse.
For destroying your duck cartoons?
Let me get this gum out of my hair and then I'll be ready for bed.


If you live in North Lanarkshire, you can use our pest control service. Our pest control officers provide a service for the treatment and control of a variety of pests, including wasp nests. The aim of pest control is to eliminate or reduce the numbers of pests so that they are no longer a public health problem and then to prevent a recurrence.
From 1st April 2019, an upfront fee of £46.35 applies for all North Lanarkshire Council pest control services. The fee applies to homeowners as well as tenants in private rented and housing association properties. Council tenants will not be charged, however; the fee will be paid on their behalf by the council's housing service.
If you wish to request a visit please contact Northline. Opening hours are Monday to Thursday 08.45 to 16.45 and Friday 08.45 to 16.15.
The following pests will be treated in residential properties for a charge of £46.35*.
Silverfish (within house, not within garden).
Squirrels - Before any treatment is carried out you should try to stop the squirrel getting in by blocking up all access holes. Responsibility for carrying out such work rests with the owner of the building (for council houses, this is the responsibility of Housing services). Make sure that the squirrel is out of the house before blocking up the holes (squirrels usually leave the nest during daylight hours to look for food and return at night to sleep). Immediately before the repair is carried out open the access hatch to the loft to generate noise to encourage the squirrels to leave the loft. We will not commence trapping until you have blocked up any obvious access holes. Please not that if we set a trap within your home we will need daily access to it.
Other Insects - dependent on what the insect is and where the problem is. If in doubt a sample can be submitted to this service for identification prior to any treatment being booked. Identification can take up to 28 days.
For all types of insect complaints, except wasp and bee complaints, you will need to keep a sample of the insect as Pest Control Officer has to see the sample before any treatment can be carried out.
We aim to respond to all enquiries relating to bed bugs, cockroaches, fleas, rats or wasps, fleas within two working days, and all other requests within five working days.
*Please note, the council's housing service will pay all charges in respect of council tenants. The £46.35 charge is a non-refundable call-out charge where we visit and cannot provide treatment.


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Lowering the Debt, Raising the Poor
The NAE is grateful for renewed attention and public debate about the national debt, which has accumulated over many years and currently exceeds $14 trillion. By failing to live within its means, the nation has enjoyed unsustainable prosperity at the expense of future generations.
The fiscal crisis has spiritual roots. The Bible counsels contentment with what we have (Luke 3:14, Hebrews 13:5) and generosity to those in need (Proverbs 22:9, 1 Timothy 6:18). We are told to pay taxes (Matthew 22:21, Romans 13:7). Persistent deficit spending, whether at the personal or national level, violates biblical teaching and leads to bondage (Proverbs 22:7).
The NAE renews its call for the president and Congress to demonstrate moral leadership and fiscal integrity in addressing the national debt. This will require extraordinary political courage, bipartisan cooperation and shared sacrifice. Every major area of expense and revenue must be scrutinized — particularly those that have contributed the most to the deficit.
We reiterate our insistence that deficit reduction not lead to an abandonment of our commitments to the poor. We embrace the Church's call to care for the poor. The government also shares in this responsibility. Basic decency requires that we assist those who lack the bare essentials for survival. Prudence dictates that we help the poor reach their full potential as productive, tax-paying citizens. Addressing extreme poverty abroad demonstrates the nation's values and builds a more stable, prosperous and secure world for everyone.
Contrary to popular belief, total international assistance programs represent only 1.7 percent of the federal budget; poverty-focused aid is only 0.6 percent. We have not amassed our national debt by spending too much on the world's poor.
We reaffirm the NAE's 1995 resolution, which states,
We strongly believe that any review of the U.S. foreign aid budget should safeguard our country's benevolence to those in desperate need. Although our country cannot solve all of the world's problems, our foreign aid should be available to care for victims of war and disaster, reduce chronic poverty, and assist with health care for those exposed to preventable illnesses. We urge the U.S. Congress, therefore, to approve foreign aid budgets that will protect and strengthen our nation's long-standing tradition of humanitarian concern and bring hope to those who are displaced, hungry, and in need.
Church, Hunger, Poverty - Domestic, Poverty - International, Public Policy


In this extensive video, our colleague Patrick Hall from Fstoppers takes a look at all the different aspects of color calibration a photographer will need to perform using the X-Rite i1Studio calibration unit to get accurate colors across his entire workflow process.
There are a lot of devices that you can (and might need) to calibrate in terms of color as part of your general workflow as a photographer. These include the images from your camera (in your editing software of choice), your monitor, your printer, as well as some possible referrals that you might be using such as a scanner, projector, and even a tablet.
On the video above, Hall demonstrates (and gives valuable tips) on how to calibrate most of these and make specific color profiles. The process does take some time initially and you need to do some maintenance from time to time but if colors are essential to your work – this is something that you would want to learn how to do on a regular basis.
One of the small tips that we found to be especially useful in this long video has to do with printer calibration (starting from around 9:00 in the video). Apparently, lots of printers tend to have their own calibration profile built in and you need to know how to turn it off so you can apply your own custom profile.
As for pricing, the X-Rite i1Studio is certainly one of the more expensive calibration units on the market at $460, however if you are a professional who makes your living from high-quality prints or even just wants to be sure that your client will get exactly what you created (provided that his system is calibrated as well of course), then this can certainly be justified.


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Rauner tours the state with nary a tough question in sight
Rich Miller
As you know by now, Gov. Bruce Rauner toured the state for two days last week. He denied that the tour had anything to do with the 2018 election, but it was pretty darned clear that he and his team were tuning up the band for the big show down the road.
Campaign funds not only paid for the tour, but political money was used to promote in it advance. I'm told Rauner's advertising on social and online media served over a million impressions in the days leading up to the fly-around.
And like a musician touring to promote a new album, Rauner played up his latest hits. The "Chicago Machine Democrats" just want to "duct tape" the state's problems instead of fixing them. Rauner's latest TV ads, paid for by a "dark money" subsidiary of the Republican Governor's Association, feature him in a pristine workshop using duct tape to explain how Springfield politicians don't ever really fix problems.
Whatever he lacks in governing abilities, there's no doubt that Gov. Rauner is a master at laying out a very simple, popular and easy to understand message and then staying on that message no matter what. During his Peoria appearance, Rauner slammed the House Democrats' stopgap budget as just "taping over our problems - duct taping cracks in our system." The only thing missing was the bright, sharply pressed flannel shirt he wore in the TV ad.
As with all established bands on tour, the governor also played popular tunes from his recent albums. Since about the beginning of the year, when he was asked by a reporter to grade his first two years in office, Rauner has repeatedly pointed to his own successes at unilaterally cutting unspecified waste from the system (which plays right into the hugely popular notion that waste is the state's biggest problem) and then contrasted that with the obstructionism of the "Madigan Democrats" in the General Assembly.
"They've created the worst crisis of any state in America," Rauner said of the Democrats while speaking in Springfield. "On things that I can control, we've done wonderfully. Where the General Assembly has blocked progress, they've made the problem worse."
Rauner even brought back a line from his February budget address, when he encouraged the Senate's leaders to hammer out a grand bargain. He spoke about that effort as if he'd never actually knocked the grand bargain off the rails in March.
And, of course, he brought out the old standards that he's been playing for years: Property tax freeze, term limits and becoming "much more pro-growth, pro-business, pro-investment, pro-job creation," as he said in Rockford.
The Democratic candidates, for their part, stuck to their #DoYourJob theme in response to Rauner's tour, saying the governor should be getting a budget deal done rather than campaigning. None mentioned that the House and Senate are in the midst of a two-week spring break, so doing a deal or even meeting with the other leaders probably wouldn't be possible. Also, governors often use spring breaks as an opportunity to hit the hustings. This is nothing new.
Much of the Chicago-based print media focused on the fact that Rauner denied he was campaigning while obviously campaigning. But they never put that into the broader context of the governor's habit of saying one thing (cheerleading the Senate's grand bargain) while doing another (killing the Senate's grand bargain).
Channel 7, the most-watched television station in Chicagoland, ran a purely positive piece.
"I want all of you to have a better future, I want your children to have great schools and I want your salaries to go up," Rauner said during the Chicago station's report. There was no mention of the fact that none of that has happened since he became governor, and there is no foreseeable time when any of it will happen as long as we have this never-ending gridlock.
Rauner also appeared via phone on several talk radio programs during his tour and faced mostly softball questions from conservative hosts. Even conservative activist Dan Proft, who has sharply criticized the governor on his radio program since the start of the year, allowed Rauner to endlessly rattle on about his main talking points, duct tape and all, without much of a peep.
For those on Rauner's side, this was a good tour. For those on the other side (and polls show there are a lot of them), well, they wouldn't like it anyway. Those in the middle probably got the message that the governor and his team wanted to send, with a big assist from the media.
Rich Miller also publishes Capitol Fax, a daily political newsletter, and CapitolFax.com.
Proposed health oversight shift not a 'power grab,' Cook County officials say
Lightfoot names Chicago's first labor standards director


It is always worth checking out before you buy anything online if there are any Discount Vouchers or Coupon Codes for the online shop. We make it easy for you by updating the coupon codes and vouchers from our online shopping partners. These voucher codes and coupons will give you extra discounts on top of the usual cashback you earn by using our shopping directory. Here are some online vouchers and special coupon codes. We aim to bring you the latest offers by searching our partner sites. If you are aware of any other coupons or vouchers, let us know through the support section of our shopping directory.
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text:
The UK is a Christian country, whether the Left like it or not
Harry Cole
(Photo: Leon Neal/AFP/Getty)
As the crucifixion of Damian McBride over Easter in 2009 proves, the four-day news void can be gruesome for Downing Street, yet it seems congratulations are in order this year. No.10 managed to throw the chattering classes such a juicy bone of distraction that they all spent Easter trying to convince themselves that the UK is not a Christian country.
The row was stoked by an assorted group of lefties with impeccable Labour, Liberal and Green credentials writing to the Telegraph, questioning why a PM may possibly wish to talk about religion. The irony that it was Easter, top and tailed by two bank holidays where their entire 'non-Christian country' shuts down for 96 hours in celebration of the resurrection of Christ was lost on these modern day Doubting Thomases. No doubt they will resurrect their arguments when Christmas arrives.
Leaving aside the fact that 59% of the UK population self-defines as Christians, we need only look at our institutions and state structure to see how bizarre this row has been. England has an established church. English bishops sit in our Parliament. A glance around the rim of our £1 coin will show you that our Head of State has another far more interesting title – Defender of the Faith. The Left weren't so snooty about the Archbishop of Canterbury, our state-declared spiritual leader, when he was defending foodbanks.
We have a constitutional framework, legal system and legislature that is built around Judeo-Christian values. Almost every single bank holiday we have in this country is to mark some sort of Christian festival. Tens of thousands of children are educated every day in church-supported schools, and what is the first word of the national anthem again?
Some of Cameron's fiercest critics over the weekend have also been amongst the loudest supporters for the NHS. They might not want to self-declare as Christians any more, but the ethos at the heart of the system is one of Christian compassion. Perhaps they should remind themselves of Andy Burnham's favourite Nye Bevan quote: 'the NHS is a little piece of Christianity'.
I say all this as a lapsed agnostic, open to the idea of a disestablished church and booting the bishops out of the Lords. But to deny that we are a Christian country is progressive revisionism of the highest order. Some people do not like the fact that we are a Christian country – but they should say so, rather than pretend otherwise. Attempting to rewrite history and ignore our heritage, as well as our current governing structure, is at best delusional. At worst it shows metropolitan liberal society attempting to cleanse the parts of Britain it finds distasteful.
The Pope, Welby, and the new evangelical swagger
Muddled souls – Britain is a non-religious, Christian-ish country
Theo Hobson
David Cameron tells Britain to be 'more confident about our status as a Christian country'
Live from Golgotha
Cameron's missing the point: Christian values require Christianity
From the archives: Rowan Williams on capitalism and idolatry


Existing research on the Green House model shows "significant and sustained satisfaction and clinical improvements" compared to traditional nursing homes, according to a study released today in the Seniors Housing & Care Journal, published by the National Investment Center for the Seniors Housing & Care Industry (NIC).
New research and analysis presented in the study addresses questions about the model's financial viability.
Titled "Financial Implications of The Green House Model," the analysis won NIC's GE Award for Best Research Paper, which was presented to lead author Robert Jenkens, director of the Green House Project at NCB Capital Impact, this morning at NIC's annual meeting in Washington, D.C.
Revenue enhancements from care and environmental upgrades are likely.
Whether or not the study will spur for-profit interest in the model remains to be seen. Following the release of the study today, NIC President Robert Kramer indicated that he would like to see more data on the model's capital costs compared with traditional nursing home capital costs.
Jenkens and his co-authors found that in 2009, total operating costs per resident day, excluding interest and depreciation, for five Green House projects ranged from $161 to $237, for an average of $199, compared with a national median value of $197.51 for nursing homes overall--a difference of less than 1 percent, the study notes.
In addition, the study points out that Green House homes tend to serve a lower percentage of short-stay Medicare-funded residents than a typical nursing home, "and Medicare residents may increase ancillary costs," the authors wrote, suggesting that such higher costs should be offset by an associated increase in reimbursement.
Kramer expressed optimism about culture change models going forward. "The seniors housing customer of the future will demand the kind of service this model provides, such as all private rooms, 24-hour dining, and person-centered care," he said.
The emerging consumer of seniors housing will be much more demanding than the current client in long term care, Kramer noted. "The customers of the future are baby boomers who are entitled and demanding and accustomed to getting what they want" and culture change and the Green House model cater to this demand.
"These research results, coupled with anecdotal experience, indicate that Green House homes offer a strong option for organizations to explore as they seek to address current and future challenges in their nursing home operations and markets," the study said.
See more details about the study in Provider's upcoming October issue, out next week. For more information about NIC, go to www.nic.org.


text:
Landon McReynolds, Producer
Published: January 15, 2020, 9:06 am
Tags: Entertainment
How to celebrate 'Frozen 2' at Walt Disney World
45 years later: Disney celebrates 'Carousel of Progress' and 'Space Mountain' with special merchandise
'Frozen 2′ sing-along comes to theaters Jan. 17
Limited time engagement happening at select locations
Frozen 2 Sing-Along heading to theaters Jan. 17 (Walt Disney Animation Studios)
ORLANDO, Fla – Sorry parents, but you'll need to get ready to belt "Into the Unknown" a couple more times.
Walt Disney Animation Studios announced "Frozen 2" is coming back to select theaters in a sing-along edition for a limited time starting Jan. 17.
The sequel to Disney's 2013 "Frozen" iced the competition at the box office in November, and has since gone on to become the highest-grossing animated film, as well as the highest-grossing film for a female director.
Last weekend, ticket tracking website Box Office Mojo reported the film was still ranked in the top 10 films for domestic audiences.
The film's hit song "Into the Unknown" has been nominated for an Academy Award and Golden Globe.
Check out the song below.
Several Central Florida theaters are showing the sing-along edition of "Frozen 2" during select times starting Friday.
Tickets can be purchased and found here.
Landon McReynolds
Landon joined News 6 in 2017. He grew up in Southern Illinois and graduated from Southern Illinois University with a bachelors degree in TV and digital media. When he is not at work you can catch him at one of Orlando's theme parks or the beach. Before working at News 6 he worked for stations in Miami and Fort Myers.


text:
193 Cervical oncological cytologies's (PAP test) evaluation of the riverine women from rivers tapajós and cupari (Pará – Brazil)
Maria Vitoria Lima Ferrero,
Rafaela Estefano Uriza,
Aline Silva Moreira Dos Santos,
Letícia Bertaglia,
José Anibale Rodrigues Junior,
Jhenifer Nataly Moura França,
Fabiana Moreira Passos Succi,
Icléia Siqueira Barreto and
Katia Piton Serra
São Leopoldo Mandic
Introduction/Background Cervical cancer is the most prevalent in Brazil North Region. There are few studies about cervical injuries in the riverine women. The knowledge of these characteristics could improve health assistance to these women, contributing to health policies that benefit this population. Objective: This paper aims to evaluate the cervical oncological cytologies of the riverine women from rivers Tapajós and Cupari (Pará - Brazil).
Methodology A partnership between SLMandic Medical School and the local Cities of Santarém, Aveiro and Belterra (State of Pará, Brazil) Government was established trhough 'Barco da Saúde' (Health Boat) project. The Counties have provided a Hospital Boat named 'Abaré'. SLMandic has provided a team made up by professors and medical students. Services in pediatrics, gynecology and obstetrics, dermatology, ophthalmology and odontology were provided. In 2019, the activities were held between July 27nd and August 5th, 206 gynecological and obstetric appointments were made and 133 cervical oncological cytologies were collected. Epidemiological data were collected from anamnesis form designed specifically for the expedition. The reading of the cytology slides was performed and de injuries classified among high grade lesions (HSIL), low grade lesions (LSIL), scaly lesions of undetermined significance (ASC-US), and glandular lesions of undetermined significance (ASCH). Pathological agents found have also been described. The samples were classified between satisfactory and unsatisfactory. Finally, statistical analysis of data was done.
Results Out of 206 gynecological and obstetric appointments, 132 (64.1%) cervical cytologies were collected. Among these patients, 100 (75.75%) were screening age (25–65 years old). Median of patients age was 34.4 years old. About 128 (97%) samples were satisfactory for analysis. Cervical cancer screening was the objective of the exam in 101 (76.5%) of the cases. Related to associated microorganisms, Lactobacillus sp. were present in 68 (51.5%), Gardnerella vaginallis in 13 (9.8%), Candida sp. in 8 (6%) Trichomonas vaginallis in 2 (1,5%), in addition to others less prevalent. Inflammatory cells were present in 126 (95.5%) of the cases. The main diagnosis was benign cellular changes (122 – 92.5%) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, ASC-US, 6 (4.5%). Were performed 7 (5.3%) biopsies, being 3 (42.9%) cervical polyps and 4 (57.1%) nonspecific chronic cervicitis.
Conclusion Despite difficulties to access health care, health indicators were better than expected. There was good cytological coverage and no high-grade lesions were found.
Disclosures Authors declare no conflict of interest.
riverine women
cervical oncological cytology
'pap test'
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-ESGO.12


Want it by Monday 29th April? Order within 16 hours, 20 minutes and choose Next Day Delivery *MON-FRI at checkout.
Ardell LashTite is a specially designed super strength eyelash glue that will hold individual false lashes in place for weeks creating professional semi permanent eyelashes.
It will last a very long time, either until the lashes naturally fall out or to be removed after 3-4 weeks.
This product is designed for professional use only by qualified beauticians.
Do not use this glue to apply strip lashes-it is only designed for use with individual lashes.
Avoid using oil based cleansers as these will break down and loosen the adhesive.
Cleanse eyelashes with cool water.
Be very gentle and do not tug or pull the lashes.
Never pull the false individual lashes off, make sure you use Ardell Lashfree Remover.


When you first install the Universalis program on Windows its coverage is limited to two months (the month in which you installed it, and the month after). Outside this time it gives you just the calendar, plus the About Today and Order of Mass pages.
You can read about how to get a registration code here.
Start the downloaded Universalis program on your PC.
In the downloaded Universalis program you have opened, open the Options menu. To do this, click on the downward-pointing triangle at the top left of the Universalis window; or press the F2 key.
In the Options menu you have opened, select the "About Universalis" command.
The About Universalis window will open. Press the button marked "Activate" or "Enter registration code".
Type the 9-digit registration code without hyphens or other punctuation. For example, if the code is 123-456-789, enter 123456789.
Press the OK button once to close the Enter Registration Code window.
Press the OK button to close the About Universalis window.
Your copy of the Universalis program for Windows is now activated and has no time limits.


text:
Hefty Subsidies Prop Up Unsustainable Energy System
New Worldwatch Institute report reviews extent of global energy subsidies
Philipp Tagwerker is a Research Fellow with the Climate and Energy Program.
Energy Subsidy
Fossil Fuels Dominate Primary Energy Consumption
Fossil Fuel and Renewable Energy Subsidies on the Rise
Differing Definitins of Fossil Fuel Subsidies Hinder Subsidy Reduction Efforts
BY PHILIPP TAGWERKER | JANUARY 22, 2014
Efforts by a variety of organizations to quantify global support for fossil fuels have generated estimates that range from $523 billion to over $1.9 trillion, depending on the calculation and what measures are included. What is clear is that the level of support has rebounded to 2008 levels following a dip in 2009–10 during the global financial crisis.
Traditional calculations account for two kinds of energy subsidies. Production subsidies lower the cost of energy generation through preferential tax treatments and direct financial transfers (grants to producers and preferential loans). Consumption subsidies lower the price for energy users, usually through tax breaks or underpriced government energy services. While production subsidies predominate in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, consumption subsidies are favored in developing countries to reduce the burden on poor households' income, as poor people have to use a greater share of their income to buy fossil fuel products.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that coal, electricity, oil, and natural gas consumption subsidies in 38 developing economies were $523 billion in 2011. Using a price-gap approach, the IEA figure includes subsidies that bring the price of fossil fuels below the international benchmark. Subsidies that lower the price just to the international level or slightly above it are not captured. In a parallel study by the OECD, support measures for the production and consumption of fossil fuels in its 24 member countries were inventoried. Using a broader definition than the price-gap method (including direct budgetary transfers and tax expenditures), support for fossil fuels in OECD countries alone averaged $55–90 billion per year between 2005 and 2011.
The lack of a clear definition of "subsidy" makes it hard to compare the different methods used to value support for fossil fuels, but the varying approaches nevertheless illustrate global trends. Fossil fuel subsidies declined in 2009, increased in 2010, and then in 2011 reached almost the same level as in 2008. The decrease in subsidies was due almost entirely to fluctuations in fuel prices rather than to policy changes.
In developing countries, roughly $285 billion—more than 50 percent of all fossil fuel consumption subsidies—went to oil in 2011. Natural gas consumption there received $104 billion in support. Coal received only $3 billion in direct consumption subsidies in these countries, but another $131 billion went to public underpricing of electricity,much of which is generated from burning coal. In industrial countries, using the broader definition of consumption subsidies, the support for oil was valued at roughly $38 billion in 2011. Natural gas support in these countries totaled around $10 billion. Coal was supported the least in industrial countries, receiving $7 billion in subsidies.
Support for renewables is still small—$88 billion in 2011, compared with the support for fossil fuels estimated by the IEA and OECD. But it expanded by 33 percent in 2011, more than the 28 percent increase for fossil fuel subsidies. Of the $88 billion support for renewables, two-thirds went toward electricity and the remaining third to biofuels.
Support for renewables remain small when compared with fossil fuel subsidies.
Externalities have so far not entered into the calculation of subsidies, although the additional costs associated with increased resource scarcity, the environment, and human health are enormous. Without factoring in such considerations, renewable subsidies' cost between 1.7¢ and 15¢ per kilowatt-hour (kWh), higher than the estimated 0.1–0.7¢ per kWh for fossil fuels. If externalities were included, however, estimates indicate fossil fuels would cost 23.8¢ more per kWh, while renewables would cost around 0.5¢ more per kWh.
From an emissions perspective, 15 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions receive $110 per ton in support, while only 8 percent are subject to a carbon price, effectively nullifying carbon market contributions as a measure to reduce emissions. Accelerating the phaseout of fossil fuel subsidies would reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 360 million tons in 2020, which is 12 percent of the emission savings that are needed in order to keep the increase in global temperature to 2 degrees Celsius.
Subsidy estimation and transparency initiatives need to be scaled up and consolidated. A common methodology and definition can aid in analyzing the distortions that subsidies cause in the economy and allow for a better-informed dialogue to negotiate their phaseout. The same analysis could help alleviate the political resistance toward fuel price increases, as countries can be guided in their decision making and supported in the reallocation of funds.
Producer subsidies other than the support measures captured in the OECD inventory were quoted at $100 billion in the June 2010 report to G-20 leaders from the OECD, the IEA, the World Bank, and the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.
After removing tax breaks for energy products such as a reduced value-added tax, a recent report by the International Monetary Fund estimated that the total amount of fossil fuel subsidies increased to at least $1.9 trillion, or 2.5 percent of global GDP.
Russia announced plans to increase regulated natural gas tariffs on the domestic market by 15 percent for all users from July 2013, and China announced that starting in March 2013, oil product prices would be adjusted every 10 working days to better reflect international prices.
Click here to subscribe to Vital SIgns Online to read the complete trend.
Carousel Image Credit: Wikicommons User TVA Web Team.


Save for the color, these polishes are identical, so I'm going to post pictures and color descriptions/color reviews first and then post my review of the application and finish.
Minka - warm yellowish tan. When I first had this one on, I hated in on my hands. Then, last night when I was swatching it for this redux post, I realized it wasn't so bad. It almost reminds me of China Glaze Classic Camel, though it's lighter and doesn't have the same shimmer. Like Classic Camel, it doesn't work with my skintone, but I did like it. I think this color would look amazing on someone with a darker skintone (actually, all of these colors would probably work MUCH better on darker skin).
Pandora - Pinky Beige. Again, I find myself really liking Pandora (though, I'm not sure I will wear it regularly... more on that below). It just works with me. This is the only one of the 3 that didn't give me red-hands.
Shay - Silvery beige. Shay is probably the most neutral of the 3, however, it's the one I liked the least. The color just wasn't flattering on me. I thought it made my hands look old. Like Minka, thought, this one probably would work on a darker skintone or someone with more yellow in their skin.
This collection was a bit of an odd duck, especially for Zoya. It was nice in concept, but there was something about it that just seemed off to me. Even though they were similar in a lot of ways, each color was unique in the way that a display full of foundation colors is unique. They all had subtle variants, but they were all, in essence, beige. So it really is like foundation for your nails. Normally, nail polish is more one-size-fits all. However, these were not. You would have to really know where you fit in terms of your skintone before you picked up one of these.
Also, the formula wasn't typically Zoya. I found it to be difficult to work with and it was easy to get application marks. So, I had to go slow and use thin coats. Because of this, it took 3 coats to reach opacity on these.
Additionally, I didn't really find myself a fan of the frosty finish. In part, I think that is what aged my hands, in the pictures. That's why I probably won't wear Pandora regularly, though it is a nice color.
All in all, I hate to say it, but I think this was a bit of a miss for Zoya. I've heard Smoke and Mirrors is fantastic, though, so I think Touch was just a small misstep. Again, the concept is cool, but the finish is what didn't work for these.


This year marks the 20th time Southwestern Adventist University will host its annual Hoops Classic, a national invitational basketball tournament for high schools to compete, learn and socialize with each other. This year's Hoops Classic will include 53 teams, including two from Puerto Rico, an increase of three teams since last year.
The tournament feature two divisions: Men's and Women's. Those divisions will be divided by area (Pacific, North, South, etc.) and by the size of their school (large school or small school).
Each team in the invitational will have a win/loss column. Teams will get seeded, depending on how many wins or losses they have before the divisional round begins. Teams that are seeded first in their bracket will play at the start of the playoffs on Friday morning. Second- and third-seeded teams in the bracket will play Thursday night to qualify for the playoffs. Saturday night will be the start of the finals round. Any fourth-seeded team will be eliminated from playoff contention.
When the tournament is over and the first- through fourth-place teams receive their trophies, players and coaches will receive additional awards, including Most Outstanding Player (championship team), Coach's Award, and Spirit Award.
Games will be played in five different locations so all teams will have a place to play. These locations are: Burleson Recreation Center (BRiCk), Chisholm Trail Academy (CTA), Keene High School (KHS), Keene Junior High (KJH) and Keene Elementary School (KES).
For the Hoops Classic, fans can purchase two types of admission passes. The day pass includes the cost of $5 for adults and $3 for children or students. The four-day pass, which costs $15 for adults and $10 for children or students, allows fans to see all of the games.
The Hoops Classic begins tomorrow, with the first game starting at 3:15 p.m. and the last some time Saturday night.
Congratulations on another successful Hoops Classic tournament! Thank you for 20 years of fun memories, team spirit and spiritual guidance for Adventist young people. Blessings upon SWAU and all its students and staff.


We're looking for like-minded solo artists and bands who are interested in building a culture of collaboration and knowledge sharing and are keen to help not only themselves but also other artists get their music out to a wider audience.
If you're an original singer-songwriter or band and you're based within the City of Greater Bendigo we'd love to hear from you.
Don't worry, there's still hope! While we aim to primarily recruit and support our Bendigo artists, we recognise the benefits of a diverse community, therefore we support a 20% non Bendigo member quota.
If you'd be interested in becoming a Non-Bendigo Member (NBM) and working with us to establish relationships with venues in Melbourne, Ballarat or Geelong please contact us.
A band/artist profile page on the Poppet Head Records website.
A place where you can meet the family, make friends, contact members, collaborate, ask for help and share ideas.
Invites to monthly member meet-ups.
Free PA hire (pending availability).
As many of your singles, EP's or albums as you'd like on the Poppet Head Records online store.
Artist subscription product so your fans can get instant access to every single track you release (via Patreon).
Print to order t-shirts and merch on the Poppet Head Records store.
Distribution of unlimited singles, EP's or albums to Spotify, Apple Music, Google Play, Amazon Music + many more.
Free workshops on Promotion, Social Media, Tax & Legal, Publishing and more throughout the year to help you better manage your music career. (Available to potential members for a fee).
Your tracks on our compilation albums.
Performances at our member showcase and takeover events.
PLUS – Pick up to 5 of your best songs and we'll shop them around to licensing deals such as in-store over-head radio, compilation deals, TV & Film and more.
We'll also be hosting several showcase events throughout the year and we will be working with venues and booking agents to find more opportunities for our artists to perform.
We'll help promote your news and gigs via our website news feed, events page, Twitter account and Facebook page.
And, as a group we can work with venues and service providers to negotiate exclusive deals and benefits for our members.
A 'Contributing member' is an actively engaged member who takes part in activities that help grow and promote the label and its services. This includes attending the monthly member meet-ups (in person or via video link), providing feedback, contributing website content, social media content or shared knowledge, writing newsletters, establishing links with other artists, bands, venues & festivals, mentoring other members, writing or submitting grant and funding requests.
A 'Passive member' receives the same access to services but does not actively contribute to the growth or day-to-day runnings of the label. Contributing members will endeavour to share and promote your content and activities on your behalf.
'Digital Distribution' refers to the distribution of your music releases to Spotify, Apple Music, Google Play Music etc. You can still sell your releases via the Poppet Head Records website.


do we need to have websphere client installed on the machine if we need to create tests for MQ client ?
SOAtest only needs the client jar(s) for IBM MQ (see docs). The MQ Client doesn't need to be installed on the same machine where you are using the client jar(s). However, you might need to install the MQ Client on some machine just so that you can get the jar(s) in the first place.


If you are a follower of this blog, you know that my mother is so old-fashioned she still apply it to my son, but this one I'm gonna tell you is really effective.
Hindi ko alam kung naniniwala ka sa "pilay" at "hilot" pero ako, I still believe in them. Let me share you my story. The first time we encounter this to my baby is when he's 8 months old. We brought him to the hospital due to high fever and swollen bite marks on his hands and legs. That was the worst feeling that mother can feel, to see their child in pain.
My baby was admitted to the hospital and done series of test to check if it's dengue. Luckily, hindi naman siya dengue. It's been 2 days but his fever doesn't go down. A visitor hold my baby's feet and said it's so cold, "may pilay yan, subukan niyong ipahilot" and then my parents did. They called their friend na manghihilot (practitioner).
Kinapakapa ng manghihilot yung likod ng baby ko at alam niya agad kung saan yung pilay. She put a generous amount of baby oil on her hands then she gently massage my baby's back. It takes less than 15 minutes and applied oil on his feet, chest and forehead. I don't know what that means but they said, oil can prevent cold air to enter the baby's body. Weird right?
Just a few minutes after the "hilot" my baby's fever was gone and he's back from being playful. Hilot according to wikipedia is an ancient healing. It is a simple type of massage that originated in our country. Like other Asian Massage techniques, Hilot employs massage techniques using aromatherapy for ambience, massage oil or virgin coconut oil. Pilay is an injury caused by twisting. This is very common for babies since their bones are still soft. Sabi din ng matatanda, nagkakapilay din ang bata kapag mali ang karga.
The day after that, we were discharged from the hospital. Mga sumunod na buwan, nilagnat ulit ang baby ko at ang aming friendly manghihilot ang naging kasagutan namen para gumaling siya. I don't advice this to all my readers, I just wanna share my experience with you. It's pretty effective to us, and if you will think of it, old people don't have medicine or good doctors before but they survive it because of this old-fashion method of healing.
Sa ngayon, sobrang ok naman ang baby ko, no abnormalities, sobrang active and healthy. Don't attempt to do it on your own even it just a simple massage. Hindi naten alam baka lalong lumala lang. Manghihilot/practitioner are trained and has experience for that.
How about you mommy? Do you believe in hilot too? Share your experience and thoughts about it.
I know of many benefits of massage but I've never tried hilot.I think it can be considered alternative medicine and I'm glad you had a good experience with it.
I also believe in hilot. When me and my sisters were still young,it was my lola na naghihilot sa amin. And very effective talaga pag may lagnat kami then madiscover na may pilay, pag hinilot gumagaling agad kami.
Yes I also believe in hilot. I have also tries hilot with dahon ng saging and its really effective. I've been seeing a lot of doctors regarding my terrible back pain, I have series of xray and medication but it doesn't ease the pain. When I tried hilot somehow it lessen the pain.
I do believe in the healing powers of touch.
I'm not a Mom but I believe in Hilot as well. There were instances when I was a little girl and I remember that my Mom would bring my brother & I to a manghihilot when we're sick and medicines don't seem to work.
I'm not a mommy but I still believe in hilot. It's still widely practiced in y hometown. Hilot is also a good way to relieve minor aches and pains like muscle knots. My in-laws are also firm believers.
In my uninformed opinion, whether it works or not depends on the circumstances and the skill of the one doing it. Personally, I have had good experiences already and also cases where nothing happened. When it comes to babies, being more 'maselan', then more care is needed.
Like you, I also believe in hilot but when it comes to baby, I always consult the doctor because I don't want to risk anything. And not all manhihilot really knows how to do it. That is why it is important to get one that is trusted and isn't only doing it for the money.
There is power in touch. Massage, can be one intervention to alleviate pain because if done properly, it releases the feel good chemical (forgor the term) in our body. Thus, the rejuvenated feeling, leading to healing.
Hi, I'm not really a practitioner but I have a lot of experience with massage and 'hilot'. It's been 2004 since I've started doing it to all of my family members and relatives so I know a lot about pilay, lamig and the healing power of touch. Now, I have a baby and I always massage and 'hilot' him lalo na pag nabubukulan siya or nagkakafever. It's really effective. They get pilay from the way they are carried and nabubukulan sila while playing. Pag may bukol siya, I massage agad para di grabe ang swelling and hindi magbruise. Now, he loves massages and hilot. He's very active, playful and rare siyang magkalagnat or ubuhin. I also do it to my baby nephews and nieces and it's also effective and helpful. However, someone knowledgeable or an expert only should do it because if not,it can cause an injury to the baby. For moms, it's good to just touch them if you're too afraid to massage. The touch is still very soothing and it creates a stronger bond with the baby.
Baka meron kayo kilala na may marunong mag healing hilot kase naipitan ata ako ng ugat (nerve) sa likod :( ang hirap gumalaw.
I am just curious. Pag may pilay ba ang baby, do they usually have fever? Or not necessarily? Kasi my son does not have fever, pero sinisipon sya. My in-laws would then say "baka may pilay sya, ipahilot na yan". But my son is still so active. Sinisipon lang talaga sya.
Hi! Can you please recomment a good manghihilot for babies thanks!
Hi Marilyn! Wala po talaga akong mairerecommend pero try checking sa Quiapo po.


Jose-Maria Fernandez, M.B.A., M.F., is managing partner at Altamar, an investment management firm, where he focuses on the design, fundraising, and management of portfolios of investments in companies. In this position, he is also member of the investment committee of Alta Life Sciences, a biotech venture fund with a Spanish and European focus launched in 2016.
Prior to his current position, Fernandez was the director general of the Treasury at Spain's Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. In this position, he was the treasurer and chief financial officer of Spain. His responsibilities included the issuance and management of Spain's public debt, its risk and liability management, the kingdom's treasury and cash operations, the financing of Spain's regional public issuers, the treasury's IT and resources management, and a multiplicity of other public sector related financing programs.
Fernandez was a member of the Board of Directors of the European Investment Bank from 2014 through 2016 and a board member of CESCE (Spain's export credit agency). In this position, he evaluated and approved hundreds of investments and financing operations in Europe and across the globe.
Between 2010 and 2013, Fernandez worked at MIT's Laboratory for Financial Engineering developing securitization models for biotech R&D portfolios and for Kendall Rho LLC, a finance innovation firm. In addition to this, he has substantial experience in capital markets. Prior to this, he ran the Debt Capital Markets Global Origination department for sovereigns, supranational and development agencies at Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank. He worked in, and led for three years, the Funding and Debt Management Department for the Spanish Treasury. Fernandez has also worked for the World Bank as a securities and debt capital markets expert, consulting for emerging country governments on topics related to public debt issuance and financial management strategy.
Fernandez holds an M.B.A. degree from MIT Sloan (Sloan Fellows Program in Innovation and Global Leadership), a master's in finance degree from the London Business School, a master's in portfolio management degree from I.E.B., and bachelor's degree in economics and business from CUNEF (Madrid). He was appointed state economist and trade expert of the Spanish General Government in 1997.
Ian Gust, A.O., M.D., is a medical virologist with a distinguished career in public health, including involvement in the development of vaccines against hepatitis A and human papillomavirus infection and membership of the International Task Force for hepatitis B immunization, which accelerated the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine into routine immunization programs.
Gust has been involved in the development of several licensed vaccines and international efforts to improve vaccine coverage. He is the author of three books and more than 300 papers, holds several patents, and has received major awards for his work.
He founded and was the founding director of the Burnet Institute, which now employs 600 people in more than 30 counties and is the former R&D director for CSL, a major pharmaceutical company that produces a range of biological products in Europe, the United States, and Australia.
Kenneth Holroyd, M.D., M.B.A., is vice president for Technology Transfer at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, medical director for the Vanderbilt University Center for Technology Transfer and Commercialization, and an associate professor of Anesthesiology and Medicine.
He has served as the Vanderbilt representative on the board of directors for Cumberland Emerging Technologies, Informatics Corporation of America, DigiChart, Acuitec, Friends in Global Health, and the Tennessee Technology Development Corporation.
Before joining Vanderbilt University in 2005, Holroyd was chief operating officer with former NASDAQ company Genaera Pharmaceuticals. He received his medical training at Johns Hopkins University and the National Institutes of Health.
Marie-Paule Kieny, Ph.D., is currently director of research at Inserm (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale) in Paris, where she assists the president on international cooperation. Until June 2017, on a leave of absence from Inserm, she served as the Assistant Director-General for Health Systems and Innovation at the World Health Organization. Kieny also directed the WHO Initiative for Vaccine Research from 2001 to 2010. Key successes under her leadership roles at WHO include developing and licensing new vaccines against bacterial meningitis, addressing global supply of pandemic influenza vaccine especially in developing countries through technology transfer and manufacturing, and developing vaccines against poverty-related diseases. Such initiatives are continuing priorities of Kieny.
Before joining WHO, Kieny held top research positions in the public and private sectors in France which included assistant scientific director of Transgene S.A. from 1981 to 1988 and director of research and head of the Hepatitis C Virus Molecular Virology Group at the Institute of Virology at INSERM from 1999 to 2000.
Kieny received her Ph.D. in microbiology (1980) and university diploma in economics from the University of Montpelier; Diplôme d'Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches from the University of Strasbourg in 1995. She has published over 350 articles and reviews, mainly in the areas of infectious diseases, immunology, vaccinology and health systems.
Kieny has been awarded the title of Chevalier dans l'Ordre National de la Légion d'honneur (Knight in the National Order of the Legion of Honour, France) in 2016; Chevalier de l'Ordre National du Mérite, au titre du Ministère de la Recherche (Knight of the National Order of Merit, under the Ministry of Research, France) in 2000; the Prix Génération 2000-Impact Médecin in 1994; and the Prix de l'Innovation Rhône-Poulenc in 1991.
Wayne Koff, Ph.D., is the founding president and CEO of the Human Vaccines Project (HVP; 2014-present), a public-private partnership with the goal of decoding the human immune system to accelerate development of vaccines and immunotherapies for major infectious diseases and cancers.
Prior to joining the HVP, Koff served as chief scientific officer and senior vice president of research and development at the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) in New York City (1999-2016), leading IAVI's research and development program. At IAVI, his accomplishments included developing multiple HIV vaccines through clinical trials; establishing state-of-the-art laboratories in the U.S., Europe, India and Africa; conducting the first HIV vaccine trials in India, Kenya and Rwanda; establishing the Neutralizing Antibody Consortium, which identified new, broad and potent neutralizing antibodies against HIV that led to the discovery of novel targets for vaccine design; and establishing a clinical research network in Africa that has conducted seminal studies on HIV pathogenesis, incidence and acute infection.
Koff served as vice president for vaccine research and development at United Biomedical, Inc. (UBI), where he was responsible for its vaccine R&D program (1992-1998). During his tenure at UBI, the company conducted the first AIDS vaccine clinical trials in the developing countries of the People's Republic of China, Thailand and Brazil.
He served as chief of the Vaccine Research and Development Branch, Division of AIDS, at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), where he led the team that established the preclinical and clinical AIDS vaccine development programs for the National Institutes of Health (1988-1992).
Koff received his B.A. from Washington University (Missouri) and his Ph.D. from Baylor College of Medicine (Texas). Koff published more than 100 scientific papers and edited eight books on vaccine development. An internationally recognized viral immunologist in the field of AIDS vaccine research and development, he has been twice honored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services with the Special Act of Service Award for developing innovative strategies for accelerating global efforts in AIDS vaccine development.
Douglas Richman, M.D., is one of the pioneers in HIV research. His laboratory was the first to identify HIV drug resistance. Richman is distinguished professor of pathology and medicine at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), and the Florence Seeley Riford Chair in AIDS Research.
He is director of the Center for AIDS Research at UCSD, Director of the UCSD AIDS Research Institute and physician at the VA San Diego Healthcare System.
In 2015, Richman received the A. Brad Truax Award for his extraordinary achievements in HIV/AIDS research.
Richman trained as an infectious disease physician and medical virologist at Stanford University, the National Institutes of Health, and Harvard University before joining the faculty at UCSD in 1976.
After Richman's laboratory identified HIV drug resistance, the lab joined two others in identifying latently infected CD4 cells as the obstacle to eradication of HIV with potent antiretroviral therapy. His laboratory also described the dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to HIV and the rapidity of viral escape and evolution in response to this selective pressure.
Richman's laboratory currently focuses on the natural history and molecular pathogenesis of HIV in a cohort of acutely infected patients. These studies include the cell mediated and neutralizing antibody immune responses to HIV and the viral escape and evolution in response to these.
Another area of investigation includes the many virological and host determinants of HIV transmission; this knowledge is central for the development of an effective HIV vaccine. Additional virologic investigations include studies of HIV drug resistance and the pathogenetic consequences of virus replication in anatomic compartments.
The top priority of Richman's laboratory is the latent HIV reservoir and strategies to achieve eradication of this reservoir. Of particular interest is the development of assays to measure this reservoir in various compartments of the body and in the various subsets of CD4 lymphocytes in order to characterize the targets of intervention strategies and to measure the impact of these interventions reliably.
Stanley Plotkin, M.D., is emeritus professor at the University of Pennsylvania and an adjunct professor at Johns Hopkins University. Until 1991, he was professor of pediatrics and microbiology at the University of Pennsylvania, professor of virology at the Wistar Institute and at the same time, director of infectious diseases and senior physician at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). He maintained laboratories at both CHOP and Wistar.
In 1991, Plotkin left the university to join vaccine manufacturer Pasteur-Mérieux-Connaught (now called Sanofi Pasteur), where for seven years he was medical and scientific director, based at Marnes-la-Coquette, outside Paris. He also has been a consultant to vaccine manufacturers, biotechnology companies and nonprofit research organizations as principal of Vaxconsult.
Plotkin attended New York University, where he received a B.A. degree, and then the State University of New York Medical School, where he received an M.D. degree in 1956. His subsequent career included internship at Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital, residency in pediatrics at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Hospital for Sick Children in London and three years in the Epidemic Intelligence Service of the CDC.
He has been chairman of the Infectious Diseases Committee and the AIDS Task Force of the American Academy of Pediatrics, liaison member of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and chairman of the Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research Committee of the National Institutes of Health.
Plotkin received the Bruce Medal in Preventive Medicine of the American College of Physicians, the Distinguished Physician Award of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, the Clinical Virology Award of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, the Richard Day Master Teacher in Pediatrics Award of the Alumni Association of New York Downstate Medical College, and the Marshall Award of the European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases.
In June 1998, he received the French Legion of Honor Medal; in June 2001, the Distinguished Alumnus Award of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; in September 2006, the gold medal from the same hospital; the Sabin Gold Medal in May 2002; in September 2004, the Fleming (Bristol) Award of the Infectious Diseases Society of America; in May 2007, the medal of the Fondation Mérieux; in 2009, the Finland Award of the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and the Hilleman Award of the American Society for Microbiology; and in 2013, the Career Achievement Award from the Association for Clinical and Translational Medicine, as well as the Caspar Wistar Medal of the Wistar Institute of Biological Research. In 2014, Plotkin received the Charles Mérieux Award of the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and the Sheikh Hamdan (Dubai) Award for Medical Sciences.
He was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences in 2005, to the French Academy of Medicine in 2007, to the French Academy of Pharmacy in 2013 and to the Thai Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society in 2015.
Plotkin is a fellow of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, the International Society for Vaccines, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the International Society for Vaccines. He holds honorary doctoral degrees from the University of Rouen (France) and the Complutense University of Madrid (Spain). Named lectures in his honor have been established at the Pediatric Academic Societies annual meeting, at the International Advanced Vaccinology Course (Annecy, France), and at the DNA Vaccines Society.
A professorship in his name was established at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. His bibliography includes more than 700 articles and he has edited several books including the standard textbook on vaccines, now in its 6th edition.
He developed the rubella vaccine now in standard use throughout the world, is co-developer of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine and has worked extensively on the development and application of other vaccines including anthrax, oral polio, rabies, varicella and cytomegalovirus.
Moncef Slaoui, Ph.D., specializes in the research and development of vaccines and Pharmaceuticals and was recognized as one of Fortune's "50 Greatest World Leaders" in 2016 for his work in under-researched diseases common in the developing world.
Slaoui's career spanned 29 years at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and was active on its board of directors between May of 2006 and March 2017. He was chairman of global research and development (R&D) between 2006 and 2014, where he led an overhaul of the company's pharmaceutical R&D and was also responsible for commercial pursuits such as new product launches and life cycle management. Slaoui was also chairman of GSK's vaccine division from 2009 until his retirement from the company in June 2017. Early in his career while working in vaccines R&D at GSK, he was instrumental in the development of the vaccines Rotarix®, to prevent infantile rotavirus gastroenteritis; Synflorix®, to prevent pneumococcal disease; Cervarix®, to prevent cervical cancer, Mosquirix™ to prevent plasmodium malaria disease and Shingrix™ to prevent shingles.
After his retirement from GSK, Slaoui joined Medicxi Life Sciences venture capital firm as a partner; he also took on a number of independent board positions including chairman of the board of Galvani, a Bioelectronics focused company jointly owned by GSK and Verily life sciences, and independent board director of Moderna, Sutrovax, and Artizan Biotechnology companies.
Slaoui earned a Ph.D. in molecular biology and immunology from the Université Libre de Bruxelles in Belgium, completed postdoctoral studies at Harvard Medical School and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, and was a professor of immunology at the University of Mons, Belgium.


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Michelangelo Influence on Raphael
Some say that Michelangelo and Raphael were each other's arch-nemesis. Michelangelo was older than Raphael by a few years, but it is said that the former has had a significant influence on Raphael.
Where we are using the word 'Influence', Michelangelo believed that Raphael copied all of his work and even accused Raphael of plagiarism. How did these two of the greatest painters of their time end up fighting a cultural war characterized by so much hate that Michelangelo was not even there at Raphael's funeral?
Was Raphael Influenced by Michelangelo?
To some extent, we can say Raphael was indeed inspired and influenced by Michelangelo. But it was not just Michelangelo, Raphael's works also have the essence of Leonardo da Vinci and Masaccio. Raphael considered these artists as innovative geniuses.
Yes, he used their painting techniques, but he modified them to achieve a new level of depth and composition. This made Raphael famous, and a widely acclaimed painter of his time. The amount of detailing and intricacy in his works was evident from his personal and expressive painting style. Raphael closely studied the paintings of these famous artists, sometimes even before they were complete. This led him to create his version of the technique (sometimes even better) than his contemporary, Michelangelo.
Why does the Figure of Isaiah inside the St. Agostino Church have a Michelangelo touch?
There is a story behind this resemblance. Michelangelo got the commission of a lifetime, and it was to paint the inside of the Sistine Chapel. Pope Julius commissioned him to paint there, and Michelangelo was reluctant to allow even the Pope inside the Chapel until and unless it was complete.
But Raphael managed to sneak inside with Bramante's help and saw the unfinished world-famous frescoes in the Sistine Chapel. Raphael studied the frescoes and imitated the style, only to recreate it onto the Figure of Isaiah.
It is almost like Raphael was only able to create such masterpieces because he had Raphael's and da Vinci's help. Some art historians have gone to say that Raphael understood his ability to create art and felt that it was deficient in many aspects which are found in abundance with his famous contemporaries. So he learned what he could from them, emulated the basic styling, and then recreated them in his style with a few additions.
Most Famous Raphael Artworks
Between 1504 and 1507, Raphael produced several paintings, which we call "A Series of Madonna." These paintings were influenced by the style and technique used by Leonardo da Vinci. While Raphael experimented with these paintings and the techniques for at least 3 years, it ended with La Belle Jardiniere.
In the same year, Raphael commissioned another painting, The Entombment. This painting is said to be his most important and ambitious work. But here too, Raphael used Michelangelo's ideas which can be seen very clearly in the Battle of Cascina.
In the coming years, three of the most magnificent and prodigal painters of the Renaissance were working together in Rome.
Raphael Became More Famous than Michelangelo
It seems that even though Raphael was accused of plagiarism, his works and talent was able to woo the masses. In some instances, it was his artwork that got him the plaudits, at other times, it was luck and the friendly behavior that got him commissions.
To this day, the Sistine Chapel is considered one of the great artworks made by any man. But, at the time of its launch, the ambassador announcing the inauguration mistakenly took Raphael's name as the creator of this masterpiece.
Due to this event, Raphael was getting a lot of work and commissions from across the region. He was young, enthusiastic, and was great at socializing, which got him even more attention and love of the people.
Raphael's this trait becomes even more important as Michelangelo was not very with people. Michelangelo was also not on very good terms with another maestro of this era, Leonardo da Vinci. Da Vinci was frustrated with Michelangelo, that he once went to France only to get away from Michelangelo.
Was Michelangelo Inspired by Raphael too?
It is said that you have to know the person to hate or like him/her. Michelangelo's reservations towards Raphael are hidden, but little does anyone know that he also liked some of his works.
When Raphael completed his Portrait of Isaiah, the Head Chancellor of the Papal Court, Johannes Goritz called Michelangelo to analyze the artwork. The chancellor called him because he felt that the price was too high. But Michelangelo replied that the painting was worth it just for the knee. So, even though Michelangelo did not like Raphael, he understood the value of art and was the one to praise good work.
Raphael was, without a doubt, one of the greatest painters of his time and is still celebrated today. Many of Raphael artworks have been inspiring the succeeding generations of painters. As for the influence, we can say that Yes, Raphael was indeed inspired by Michelangelo. His paintings are a testament to the fact that he learned and imbibed the techniques used by his contemporaries and created artworks with his style.
A self-made prodigy who took on the reins of painting from his father, Raphael died too early for his age and that too under mysterious conditions. If you want to study the intricate differences between the painting styles of both the artists, it is a better choice to acquire the recreated Raphael artworks and Michelangelo's paintings for better comparison.
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In honour of China's spectacular Olympic successes and record-breaking swimmer Ye Shiwen, we've put together a few of the ways you can experience Chinese culture in Britain. Chinatown Behind Leicester Square you'll come to the great red gates of London's Chinatown. Enter and discover a brilliant red and gold pocket of Chinese food, music, architecture and shopping. Strung with banners and lanterns and even sporting a miniature pagoda, for many generations it's been home to a Chinese community who've turned the area into a hotspot for authentic Chinese cuisine. You'll find speciality duck restaurants, delicious dim sum, and traditional Chinese pastries at the Kowloon Bakery.You'll also find some of the best Chinese food in London at Hakkasan, a Michelin starred restaurant in nearby Bloomsbury. Outside London be sure to visit Chinatown in Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham. In Liverpool it's marked with a spectacular ceremonial arch —the largest outside of Asia — which is decorated with over 200 dragons to commemorate the city being twinned with Shanghai. China in British Museums Britain's museums are a great place to see Chinese crafts, artworks and artefacts from throughout history. The Terracotta Warriors exhibit at the British Museum in 2007 was one of the most popular exhibitions of all time, and though the warriors are now safely back home in China, there's plenty more to see. by renaissancechambara on Flickr The V&A houses a huge collection of Chinese art, sculpture, costume and craft objects, while the British Museum has a huge range of Chinese exhibits. Learn about the importance of jade, bronze and silk in Chinese crafting, and the secrets of Chinese ceramics. Chinese cinema The British Film Institute regularly shows films from across the world, including China. There was a 4-film Chinese New Year special series in February, so be sure to check their website for similar events coming up. Chinese Arts Centre Manchester is home to the Chinese Arts Centre, an institution which promotes Chinese contemporary art in Britain. It's a fantastic space which holds a lively programme of exhibitions, events, residencies and festivals, and is the place to go if you're interested in the Chinese art and artists of today. Chinese New Year celebrations Chinese New Year in the UK is an explosive celebration of colour and noise. In the nation's Chinatowns the streets fill with spectators to watch the music and pageantry of the occasion. Chinese dragons dance along the streets and are fed Pak Choi from restaurant windows, while the streets are decorated with brightly coloured new year lanterns. In London the biggest celebration of all takes place all day in Trafalgar Square, with shows, dancing Chinese food and music.


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POLITICO Magazine
Could the Russia Investigation Reveal Trump's Tax Returns?
If special prosecutor Robert Mueller suspects they contain evidence of a crime, the most sought-after documents in Washington might just be unearthed.
By PHILIP SHENON
Philip Shenon, a former Washington and foreign correspondent for the New York Times, is author, most recently, of A Cruel and Shocking Act: The Secret History of the Kennedy Assassination.
President Donald Trump has already described the multiple investigations into possible collusion between Russia and his presidential campaign as a "witch hunt"—the word he has used in several angry tweetstorms since entering the White House. But he might be even more disturbed when he realizes that the latest of those investigations—by the newly named special prosecutor, former FBI Director Robert Mueller—could amount to a double-punch to the president and resolve one of the greatest mysteries of the 2016 campaign:
What, exactly, is in Trump's tax returns?
The president and his beleaguered White House staff have given no outward sign that they have thought about the prospect yet. But in interviews, veteran federal prosecutors and legal scholars said that Mueller, who began his investigation only last week, has clear-cut authority to obtain the president's tax returns—perhaps the most sensitive and sought-after government documents since the Pentagon Papers—from the IRS if Mueller suspects they might contain evidence of a crime.
And short of firing Mueller and shutting down his investigation, Trump—who is the first president in 40 years to refuse to make his tax returns public, despite once promising to do so— would have almost no way of stopping him. In fact, the prosecutors said, the president and his lawyers would not necessarily even know that Mueller had obtained them.
"It shows the chaos around Washington that nobody has really started to talk about this yet," said a Justice Department lawyer who deals with tax fraud prosecutions, speaking on condition of anonymity since he is not authorized to speak to reporters. "But finally, I think, someone is going to get their hands on Donald Trump's tax returns. And that man is Robert Mueller."
Notably, this does not necessarily mean that the public would ever see the returns. If Mueller obtained them, prosecutors said, there would be no obvious way for him to release them unless he needed them as evidence at trial against Trump associates or, possibly, if Congress sought them for an impeachment trial of the president. But the transfer of the documents from the IRS would still be significant historically and otherwise—and could strike fear in the White House. It would be the first known instance in which anyone outside Trump's immediate family and tightly knit circle of business associates and accountants had the chance to review what is likely to be a small mountain of the president's personal tax records dating back decades. (In recent months, the New York Times, investigative journalist David Cay Johnston and MSNBC host Rachel Maddow have obtained portions of Trump's returns from two specific years—1995 and 2005—that documented large losses and deductions from real estate transactions and offered evidence of clever accounting practices, not wrongdoing.)
A broadly worded provision of the Internal Revenue Code gives Mueller, who acts with the authority of the Justice Department in his new post, the ability to obtain the returns from the IRS if he can demonstrate to a federal judge that there is "reasonable cause to believe, based upon information believed to be reliable, that a specific criminal act has been committed" and that the returns "may be relevant" to the investigation. Under the law, there is no requirement that the subject of the investigation—in this case, Trump—even be notified of the court order to IRS. The move does not require a formal subpoena or the action of a grand jury; veteran federal prosecutors said it could all take place in a matter of hours.
A handful of legal scholars and former federal prosecutors I interviewed say it is too early to determine whether Mueller will seek the tax records. But they say it would not be at all surprising if he does. There have been a swirl of allegations about questionable financial ties between the Trump Organization and Russian businessmen and banks close to Russian President Vladimir Putin, including Russian oligarchs who have made major investments in Trump properties in the United States and overseas. Trump's two adult sons have both been quoted as saying that Russian investments represent a lopsided share of their revenues (they later denied the quotations or suggested they had been taken out of context). Trump's first national security adviser, retired Lieutenant General Michael Flynn, has cited his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination in refusing to testify before Congress to discuss his own contacts with the Russian ambassador to Washington during the presidential transition period.
By law, federal tax returns are considered highly confidential and can be released by the IRS to the Justice Department in criminal investigations only after prosecutors prove that they could be essential evidence of a crime. The strict confidentiality rules were designed, in part, to prevent abuses of the powers of the IRS, which by virtue of its responsibilities has some of the government's most detailed information about the business activities and personal finances of individual Americans. In articles of impeachment drawn up against President Richard Nixon in 1974, Nixon was accused of using the IRS to punish his political enemies.
David Sklansky, a Stanford University law professor who worked for years as a Justice Department prosecutor in Los Angeles, says a request for the tax returns might be an obvious step for Mueller to take. "I'm reluctant to speculate about what will happen, but Mueller can apply for an order for tax returns, just like any U.S. attorney could, if he concludes there is reasonable cause to believe a crime has been committed," Sklansky says. "Everything we know about Mueller suggests he isn't likely to make an application like this unless he has good grounds for it."
Samuel Buell, a law professor at Duke University and former federal prosecutor who led the Justice Department's prosecution of the Enron Corp., says he is convinced that if Mueller believed he needed the returns, he would seek them—and that a judge would likely approve the order without delay, given the respect the former FBI director commands in Washington. "It's hard to imagine an individual connected with federal law enforcement still alive in the United States with his stature," Buell says.
The official who might be left in the most awkward position, Buell suggested, is Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, a career Justice Department official who appointed Mueller as special counsel earlier this month, in the wake of Trump's firing of FBI Director James Comey, purportedly on Rosenstein's recommendation. Mueller's appointment was left to Rosenstein after Attorney General Jeff Sessions, a close Trump adviser during the campaign, recused himself from involvement in the Trump-Russia investigation. Under the 1999 Justice Department regulations used to name Mueller, Rosenstein is, nominally, Mueller's supervisor, which means Rosenstein could try to overturn any significant decision made by Mueller, including a decision to seek the tax returns. The regulations bar Rosenstein from "day-to-day supervision" of the special prosecutor's investigation, though he can intervene if Mueller takes an action that is "so inappropriate or unwarranted" that it should be blocked. The language is subjective, however, and it has never been tested in detail in court. It's unclear whether Mueller would be compelled to notify Rosenstein in advance that he was seeking Trump's tax returns. It's also unclear what grounds Rosenstein could use to suggest that it was improper for Mueller to obtain them.
Buell says there are no clear-cut answers to many of those questions, which is part of "what is so fascinating about this situation." Whatever happens, he says, he is convinced that Rosenstein and Mueller will take every precaution, given the implications of reviewing a president's undisclosed tax returns and opening his entire business career and personal finances to scrutiny. "If you're Robert Mueller and you're running an investigation into the Trump administration and the White House's potential ties with Russia, this is a situation in which you're going to dot every single 'i' and cross every single 't,'" Buell says. "You want the record to be impeccable."
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