text:
Sharing my thoughts with the world from a Particular Baptist perspective
Other Blogs I Recommend
Tag Archives: based
Google: At Work Preserving Historical Documents Relating to the Holocaust
Posted on February 1, 2012 by particularkev
Google is seeking to archive and preserve the world's largest historical collection on the Holocaust. For this project, Google is working with Yad Vashem, an archive based in Jerusalem.
http://www.charismamag.com/index.php/news-old/30085-google-works-to-preserve-holocaust-archives
Posted in Google, Holocaust, Israel	| Tagged archive, based, collection, documents, Google, historical, holocaust, Israel, Jerusalem, largest, preserve, preserving, project, search engine, seeking, work, working, Yad Vashem | Leave a comment
Religious Conversion Worst Form of 'Intolerance,' Bhutan PM Says
Posted on April 17, 2011 by particularkev
Propagation of religion is allowable – but not seeking conversions, top politician says.
THIMPHU, Bhutan, April 13 (CDN) — In the Kingdom of Bhutan, where Christianity is still awaiting legal recognition, Christians have the right to proclaim their faith but must not use coercion or claim religious superiority to seek conversions, the country's prime minister told Compass in an exclusive interview.
"I view conversions very negatively, because conversion is the worst form of intolerance," Jigmi Yoser Thinley said in his office in the capital of the predominantly Buddhist nation.
Christian leaders in Bhutan have told Compass that they enjoy certain freedoms to practice their faith in private homes, but, because of a prohibition against church buildings and other restrictions, they were not sure if proclamation of their faith – included in international human rights codes – was allowed in Bhutan.
Prime Minister Thinley, who as head of the ruling party is the most influential political chief in the country, said propagation of one's faith is allowed, but he made it clear that he views attempts to convert others with extreme suspicion.
"The first premise [of seeking conversion] is that you believe that your religion is the right religion, and the religion of the convertee is wrong – what he believes in is wrong, what he practices is wrong, that your religion is superior and that you have this responsibility to promote your way of life, your way of thinking, your way of worship," Thinley said. "It's the worst form of intolerance. And it divides families and societies."
Bhutan's constitution does not restrict the right to convert or proselytize, but some Non-Governmental Organizations have said the government effectively limits this right by restricting construction of non-Buddhist worship buildings and celebration of some non-Buddhist festivals, according to the U.S. Department of State's 2010 International Religious Freedom Report.
It adds that Bhutan's National Security Act (NSA) further limits proclamation of one's faith by prohibiting "words either spoken or written, or by other means whatsoever, that promote or attempt to promote, on grounds of religion, race, language, caste, or community, or on any other ground whatsoever, feelings of enmity or hatred between different religious, racial, or language groups or castes and communities." Violation of the NSA is punishable by up to three years' imprisonment, though whether
any cases have been prosecuted is unknown, according to the State Department report.
Bhutan's first democratic prime minister after about a century of absolute monarchy, Thinley completed three years in office last Thursday (April 7). While he affirmed that it is allowable for Christians to proclaim their faith – a practice commanded by Christ, with followers agreeing that it is the Holy Spirit, not man, that "converts" people – Thinley made his suspicions about Christians' motives manifest.
"Any kind of proselytization that involves economic and material incentives [is wrong]," he said. "Many people are being converted on hospital beds in their weakest and most vulnerable moments. And these people are whispering in their ears that 'there is no hope for you. The only way that you can survive is if you accept this particular religion.' That is wrong."
Thinley's suspicions include the belief that Christians offer material incentives to convert.
"Going to the poor and saying, 'Look, your religion doesn't provide for this life, our religion provides for this life as well as the future,' is wrong. And that is the basis for proselytization."
Christian pastors in Thimphu told Compass that the perception that Bhutan's Christians use money to convert the poor was flawed.
The pastors, requesting anonymity, said they prayed for healing of the sick because they felt they were not allowed to preach tenets of Christianity directly. Many of those who experience healing – almost all who are prayed for, they claimed – do read the Bible and then believe in Jesus' teachings.
Asked if a person can convert if she or he believed in Christianity, the prime minister replied, "[There is] freedom of choice, yes."
In his interview with Compass, Thinley felt compelled to defend Buddhism against assertions that citizens worship idols.
"To say that, 'Your religion is wrong, worshiping idols is wrong,' who worships idols?" he said. "We don't worship idols. Those are just representations and manifestations that help you to focus."
Leader of the royalist Druk Phuensum Tshogpa party, Thinley is regarded as a sincere politician who is trusted by Bhutan's small Christian minority. He became the prime minister in April 2008 following the first democratic election after Bhutan's fourth king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, abdicated power in 2006 to pave the way toward democracy.
Until Bhutan became a constitutional monarchy in 2008, the practice of Christianity was believed to be banned in the country. The constitution now grants the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion to all citizens. It also states that the king is the protector of all religions.
Thus far, the Religious Organisations Act of 2007 has recognized only Buddhist and Hindu organizations. As a result, no church building or Christian bookstore has been allowed in the country, nor can Christians engage in social work. Christianity in Bhutan remains confined to the homes of local believers, where they meet for collective worship on Sundays.
Asked if a Christian federation should be registered by the government to allow Christians to function with legal recognition, Thinley said, "Yes, definitely."
The country's agency regulating religious organizations under the 2007 act, locally known as the Chhoedey Lhentshog, is expected to make a decision on whether it could register a Christian federation representing all Christians. The authority is looking into provisions in the law to see if there is a scope for a non-Buddhist and non-Hindu organization to be registered. (See http://www.compassdirect.com, "Official Recognition Eludes Christian Groups in Bhutan," Feb. 1.)
On whether the Religious Organisations Act could be amended if it is determined that it does not allow legal recognition of a Christian federation, the prime minister said, "If the majority view and support prevails in the country, the law will change."
Thinley added that he was partially raised as a Christian.
"I am part Christian, too," he said. "I read the Bible, occasionally of course. I come from a traditional [Christian] school and attended church every day except for Saturdays for nine years."
A tiny nation in the Himalayas between India and China, Bhutan has a population of 708,484 people, of which roughly 75 percent are Buddhist, according to Operation World. Christians are estimated to be between 6,000 to nearly 15,000 (the latter figure would put Christians at more than 2 percent of the population), mostly from the south. Hindus, mainly ethnic Nepalese, constitute around 22 percent of the population and have a majority in the south.
Religious 'Competition'
Bhutan's opposition leader, Lyonpo Tshering Togbay, was equally disapproving of religious conversion.
"I am for propagation of spiritual values or anything that allows people to be good human beings," he told Compass. "[But] we cannot have competition among religions in Bhutan."
He said, however, that Christians must be given rights equal to those of Hindus and Buddhists.
"Our constitution guarantees the right to freedom of practice – full stop, no conditions," he said. "But now, as a small nation state, there are some realities. Christianity is a lot more evangelistic than Hinduism or Buddhism."
Togbay said there are Christians who are tolerant and compassionate of other peoples, cultures and religions, but "there are Christians also who go through life on war footing to save every soul. That's their calling, and it's good for them, except that in Bhutan we do not have the numbers to accommodate such zeal."
Being a small nation between India and China, Bhutan's perceived geopolitical vulnerability leads authorities to seek to pre-empt any religious, social or political unrest. With no economic or military might, Bhutan seeks to assert and celebrate its sovereignty through its distinctive culture, which is based on Buddhism, authorities say.
Togbay voiced his concern on perceived threats to Bhutan's Buddhist culture.
"I studied in a Christian school, and I have lived in the West, and I have been approached by the Jehovah's Witness – in a subway, in an elevator, in a restaurant in the U.S. and Switzerland. I am not saying they are bad. But I would be a fool if I was not concerned about that in Bhutan," he said. "There are other things I am personally concerned about. Religions in Bhutan must live in harmony. Too often I have come across people who seek a convert, pointing to statues of our deities and saying
that idol worship is evil worship. That is not good for the security of our country, the harmony of our country and the pursuit of happiness."
The premise of the Chhoedey Lhentshog, the agency regulating religious organizations, he said, "is that all the different schools of Buddhism and all the different religions see eye to eye with mutual respect and mutual understanding. If that objective is not met, it does not make sense to be part of that."
It remains unclear what the legal rights of Christians are, as there is no interaction between the Christians and the government. Christian sources in Bhutan said they were open to dialogue with the government in order to remove "misunderstandings" and "distrust."
"Thankfully, our political leadership is sincere and trustworthy," said one Christian leader.
Asserting that Christians enjoy the right to worship in Bhutan, Prime Minister Thinley said authorities have not interfered with any worship services.
"There are more Christian activities taking place on a daily basis than Hindu and Buddhist activities," he added.
Report from Compass Direct News
http://www.compassdirect.org
Posted in Bhutan, Buddhism, China, Christianity, Hinduism, India, Nepal, Switzerland, USA	| Tagged 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, abdicated, absolute, accept, accommodate, activities, affirmed, against, agency, agreeing, allow, allowable, amended, anything, approached, assert, assertions, attempt, attempts, attended, authorities, authority, awaiting, bad, banned, based, basis, became, beds, belief, believe, believed, believes, between, Bhutan, Bible, bookstore, Buddhism, Buddhist, Buddhists, buildings, calling, cannot, capital, cases, caste, celebration, certain, change, Chhoedey Lhentshog, chief, China, choice, Christ, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, citizens, claim, codes, coercion, collective, commanded, communities, community, compassionate, compelled, competition, concern, concerned, conditions, confined, conscience, constitution, constitutional, construction, conversion, conversions, convert, converted, convertee, country, cultures, daily, decision, defend, definitely, deities, democracy, Democratic, determined, dialogue, different, directly, disapproving, distinctive, distrust, divides, Druk Phuensum Tshogpa, ears, economic, effectively, election, elevator, engage, enjoy, enmity, equally, ethnic, evangelistic, evil, expected, experience, extreme, eye, faith, families, federation, feelings, festivals, first, flawed, focus, followers, following, fool, footing, form, fourth, freedom, freedoms, function, future, geopolitical, good, government, grants, grounds, groups, guarantees, happiness, harmony, hatred, head, healing, help, Himalayas, Hindu, Hinduism, Hindus, Holy Spirit, homes, hope, hospital, human beings, human rights, idols, imprisonment, incentives, included, India, influential, interaction, interfered, international, International Religious Freedom report, intolerance, involves, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jesus, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, Jigmi Yoser Thinley, kind, king, Kingdom of Bhutan, known, language, law, leaders, leadership, leads, legal, life, limits, lived, local, locally, looking, Lyonpo Tshering Togbay, majority, man, manifest, manifestations, material, means, meet, might, military, minority, misunderstandings, moments, monarchy, money, most, motives, mutual, nation, National Security Act, negatively, Nepal, Nepalese, non-Buddhist, Non-Governmental Organizations, NSA, objective, offer, office, open, Operation World, opposition, organizations, part, partially, Particular, party, pastors, pave, people, perceived, perception, Persecution, personally, PM, political, politician, poor, power, practice, practices, prayed, preach, predominantly, premise, prevails, Prime Minister, private, proclaim, proclamation, prohibiting, prohibition, promote, propagation, prosecuted, proselytization, proselytize, protector, provide, provisions, punishable, pursuit, race, raised, read, realities, recognition, recognized, regarded, registered, regulating, religion, religious, Religious Organisations Act, remains, remove, representations, representing, respect, responsibility, restaurant, restrict, restrictions, result, right, royalist, ruling, save, school, schools, scope, security, seek, seeking, sense, sick, sincere, small, social, societies, soul, south, sovereignty, spiritual, spoken, state, statues, studied, subway, Sundays, superior, superiority, support, survive, suspicion, Switzerland, teachings, tenets, thankfully, Thimphu, thinking, thought, threats, tiny, tolerant, top, traditional, trusted, trustworthy, U.S. Department of State, unclear, understanding, unrest, USA, use, values, view, violation, voiced, vulnerability, vulnerable, War, way, weakest, West, whatsoever, whispering, words, work, worship, worshipping, worst, written, wrong, zeal | Leave a comment
Unprecedented Appearance of Foreign Evangelist in Vietnam
Luis Palau preaches at Protestant centennial in spite of government putting up obstacles to event.
HO CHI MINH CITY, Vietnam, April 11 (CDN) — The first appearance by a U.S.-based evangelist preaching at a major event since the 1975 communist victory in Vietnam helped the country's Protestants to celebrate their centennial last weekend after government officials gave last-minute approval.
In what seems to have become standard government procedure in Vietnam, permission requested months in advance was granted – at a venue several kilometers from the one organizers sought – just three hours before the first major celebration of the Centennial of Protestantism in Vietnam (1911-2011) at Thanh Long Stadium in Ho Chi Minh City on Saturday (April 9) was scheduled to begin. Argentine-born Luis Palau, who has preached in person to 28 million people in 72 countries, delivered the gospel
A second night of celebration began at 7 p.m. on Sunday.
The venue change meant equipment staged in one part of the city had to be moved to the new location before it could be assembled, church leaders said. It also meant notifying many thousands of people invited to one venue about the change to the other, they said.
Given the lack of government cooperation, the leader of Vietnam's Evangelical Fellowship (of house churches) said the fact that the event went ahead at all was "an absolute miracle."
By word-of-mouth, Internet, Twitter, Facebook, and especially phone texting, thousands of people got word of the change as technicians and hundreds of volunteers made heroic efforts to ready the stadium. Vietnamese police proved surprisingly helpful in redirecting people from the original site to the new location.
At 9 p.m. – two hours after the schedule start – huge banners reading "PRAY FOR VIETNAM" and "GOD LOVES VIETNAM" were unfurled to welcome the Luis Palau Team and thousands of people to the festival, which joyfully combined the centennial celebration with Easter.
After opening prayers and welcome by Vietnamese leaders, Palau's son Andrew Palau gave testimony to how God delivered him from alcoholism and drug addiction and called him to Christian service. An Intel Corp. vice-president also gave testimony to how God blessed his life and his business. Pastor-musician Don Moen, known for songs such as "Give Thanks," "God is so Good," and "God will Make a Way," provided inspirational music followed by exuberant congregational singing.
Palau began his message at 11 p.m., delivering a concise and clear evangelistic sermon, and about 800 came forward as he invited people to receive Christ. It was after midnight before people began to depart for their homes.
The second celebration proceeded Sunday evening (April 10) in a more orderly and timely fashion. More than 12,000 people filled the seats and most of the chairs set up on the stadium field. In response to Palau's second message, more than 1,000 people, according to one organizer, came forward in response to the call to follow Christ.
Photos and Vietnamese text on the events are readily available at http://www.hoithanh.com, and clips of the arrival of Palau and Moen in Vietnam may be found on YouTube. They were welcomed at Ho Chi Minh City's Tan Son Nhut airport by hundreds of enthusiastic young people carrying banners and flowers.
Dr. Nguyen Xuan Duc, president of the Vietnam World Christian Fellowship, said he was very encouraged about the future of the church in Vietnam.
"These are watershed days for Protestantism in Vietnam," he said. "There is no fear, but rather wonderful spontaneity and irrepressible joy. Events like this happen in spite of the government and without the blessing of some overly conservative church leaders. What we see is young, vibrant, lay-led, internationally connected and very media-savvy."
While Moen, Palau and others spoke on Sunday night, also appearing in Ho Chi Minh City was iconic singer/songwriter Bob Dylan – whose performance sold only about half of the 8,000 seats at RMIT university.
A week before in Beijing, censors who reviewed Dylan's song list allowed an unabashedly Christian song beginning, "Jesus said be ready for you know not the hour in which I come," but did not allow "Blowin' in the Wind" and "The Times They Are A-Changin'," according to The Associated Press. Brad Adams of Human Rights Watch complained that, in an earlier day, Dylan – whose music contributed to opposition to the Vietnam War – would never have let a government tell him what to sing, according to the AP.
Vietnamese organizers and the Palau team now travel north to Hanoi for similar events on Friday and Saturday (April 15-16). As yet there is no indication whether authorities there will be more accommodating than they were in Ho Chi Minh City.
Posted in Argentina, Christianity, Communism, USA, Vietnam	| Tagged 1911, 1975, 2011, absolute, accommodating, addiction, advance, airport, alcoholism, allowed, Andrew Palau, appearance, appearing, approval, Argentina, Argentine-born, arrival, assembled, authorities, banners, based, before, began, begin, beginning, Beijing, blessed, Blowin, Blowin' in the Wind, bob Dylan, business, call, called, carrying, celebrate, celebration, censors, centennial, chairs, change, Christ, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, city, clear, clips, combined, come, Communism, communist, communists, complained, concise, congregational, connected, conservative, contributed, cooperation, countries, country, delivered, depart, Don Moen, Dr, drug, earlier, Easter, efforts, encouraged, enthusiastic, equipment, evangelist, evangelistic, event, events, exuberant, Facebook, fashion, fear, festival, field, filled, first, flowers, follow, foreign, forward, future, gave, give, God, good, gospel, government, Hanoi, happen, helped, helpful, heroic, Ho Chi Minh City, homes, hour, house churches, huge, Human Rights Watch, iconic, indication, inspirational, Intel Corp., internationally, Internet, invited, irrepressible, Jesus, joy, joyfully, know, known, lack, last-minute, lay-led, leaders, life, list, loves, Luis Palau, Luis Palau Team, major, make, media-savvy, message, miracle, music, musician, new, Nguyen Xuan Duc, north, not, notifying, obstacles, officials, opening, opposition, orderly, organizer, organizers, original, overly, part, Pastor, people, performance, permission, Persecution, person, phone, photos, police, pray, prayers, preaches, preaching, President, procedure, Protestant, Protestantism, proved, provided, ready, receive, redirecting, requested, response, reviewed, RMIT, scheduled, seats, sermon, similar, singer, singing, site, sold, son, song, songs, songwriter, sought, spite, spontaneity, stadium, staged, standard, surprisingly, Tan Son Nhut, technicians, testimony, text, texting, Thanh Long Stadium, thanks, The Times They Are A-Changin', timely, travel, Twitter, unabashedly, unfurled, University, unprecedented, USA, vibrant, Vice President, victory, Vietnam, Vietnam Evangelical Fellowship, Vietnam War, Vietnam World Christian Fellowship, Vietnamese, volunteers, watershed, way, welcome, wind, without, wonderful, word-of-mouth, young, youtube | Leave a comment
China Keeps Church Leaders from Public Worship Attempt
Police put pastors under house arrest over weekend, before detaining at least 160 on Sunday.
DUBLIN, April 11 (CDN) — Police in China held "about two dozen" pastors and elders of Beijing's Shouwang Church under house arrest or at police stations over the weekend to keep them from attending a Sunday worship service in a public location, according to Bob Fu of the China Aid Association.
Three top leaders of the church remain in jail and several others are under strict surveillance after hundreds of Chinese police yesterday cordoned off the walkway to a third-floor outdoor meeting area adjacent to a property purchased by the church in Haidian district, Beijing, and arrested at least 160 members of the 1,000-strong church as they tried to assemble.
The church members were bundled into waiting vans and buses to prevent them from meeting as planned in the public space, Reuters and The Associated Press (AP) reported, and most had been released by today.
Church leaders claimed officials had pressured their landlords, forcing them out of both rented and purchased locations and leaving them no choice but to worship in the open.
"The government cornered them into making this decision," Fu said, adding that the church had initially tried to register with the government. "They waited for two years, and when the government still denied them registration, they tried to keep a low profile before finally deciding to buy the Daheng New Epoch Technology building."
Shouwang is a very unique church, he said.
"Most members are well-educated, and they include China's top religious scholars and even former government officials, which may be a factor in the government's response to them," he said.
As one of the largest house churches in Beijing, Shouwang is unique in insisting on meeting together rather than splitting the congregation into smaller groups meeting in several locations, Fu said. Zion church, for example, may have more members than Shouwang, but members meet in smaller groups across the city.
"This is based on the founding fathers' vision for Shouwang Church to be a 'city on a hill,'" as stated in the Bible in Matthew chapter five, Fu explained. "So they've made a conscious decision not to go back to the small-group model. Either the government gives them the keys to their building or gives them written permission to worship in another location, or they will continue meeting in the open."
Police arrested anyone who showed up to take part in the service, AP reported.
'Most Basic Necessity'
Church leaders last week issued a statement to the congregation explaining their decision to meet outdoors.
"It may not be the best decision, but at this time it is an inevitable one," the statement said, before reminding church members that the landlord of their premises at the time, the Old Story Club restaurant, had come under government pressure and repeatedly asked them to leave, while the previous owners of the Daheng New Epoch Technology building, purchased a year ago by the church for 27.5 million RMB (US$4.2 million), had refused to hand over the keys. (See, "Church in China to Risk Worshipping in Park," April 7.)
The church had already met outdoors twice in November 2009 before officials gave tacit consent to move to the Old Story Club restaurant. Officials, however, again prevented Shouwang Church from meeting in May and August of last year.
Fu said it was common for government officials across China to pressure landlords into revoking leases for house church groups.
"For example, right now I know of at least two churches that were made 'homeless' in Guangzhou this week, including one church with at least 200 members," he said.
Shouwang's statement pointed to Article 36 of China's Constitution, which grants every citizen freedom to worship, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ratified by China, which states that every citizen has the right to observe his religion or belief "either alone or in community with others and in public or private."
For this reason the church planned to meet outdoors until officials granted legal, written permission to worship in an approved location – preferably at the building purchased by the church.
The document also advised church members not to resist if they were held under house arrest or arrested at the Sunday venue.
"Objectively speaking, our outdoor worship must deliver this message to the various departments of our government: attending Sunday worship is the most basic necessity for Christians in their life of faith," the statement concluded.
The number of Protestant house church Christians in China is estimated at between 45 and 60 million, according to Yu Jianrong, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Rural Development Institute, with a further 18 to 30 million people attending government-approved churches.
Posted in China, Christianity, Communism	| Tagged 2009, adjacent, advised, alone, approved, area, arrested, article 36, asked, assemble, attempt, attending, based, basic, Beijing, belief, best, Bible, Bob Fu, building, bundled, buses, buy, China, China Aid Association, Chinese, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Rural Development Institute, choice, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, citizen, city, claimed, common, Communism, communist, communists, community, congregation, conscious, consent, constitution, continue, cordoned, cornered, Daheng New Epoch Technology, deciding, decision, deliver, denied, departments, detaining, district, document, elders, explaining, factor, faith, fathers, forcing, former, founding, freedom, gives, government, government-approved, granted, grants, groups, Guangzhou, Haidian, hill, homeless, house arrest, house churches, include, inevitable, insisting, issued, jail, keeps, keys, landlords, largest, leaders, leases, leave, leaving, legal, location, low, making, meet, meeting, members, message, model, move, necessity, observe, officials, Old Story Club, open, others, outdoor, owners, pastors, people, permission, Persecution, planned, police, police stations, pressured, prevent, previous, private, professor, profile, property, Protestant, public, purchased, ratified, reason, refused, register, registration, released, religion, religious, remain, reminding, rented, repeatedly, resist, response, restaurant, revoking, right, scholars, service, Shouwang Church, smaller, Space, splitting, statement, strict, Sunday, surveillance, tacit, third-floor, together, top, tried, under, unique, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, vans, various, venue, vision, waited, waiting, walkway, weekend, well-educated, worship, written, Yu Jianrong, Zion | Leave a comment
India's Anti-Christian Violence in 2008 Linked to Terrorists
Posted on March 31, 2011 by particularkev
Christians call for agency to probe anti-Muslim terrorism ties to Orissa-Karnataka attacks.
NEW DELHI, March 25 (CDN) — Right-wing terrorists played a key role in attacking and killing Christians in Orissa and Karnataka states in 2008, one of the Hindu extremist suspects in anti-Muslim bomb blasts has told investigators, leading to renewed demands for a probe by India's anti-terror agency.
Pragya Singh Thakur, arrested for planning 2008 bombings targeting Muslims in west India, told the National Investigation Agency (NIA) that Lt. Col. Prasad Srikant Purohit had "masterminded" the 2008 anti-Christian violence in Orissa and Karnataka, The Indian Express daily reported on Wednesday (March 23). Purohit is accused along with Thakur for the 2008 bombings of Muslims.
Thakur had met with Purohit after the August 2008 Kandhamal attacks against Christians began and told her "he was into big things like blasts, etc., and had masterminded the Orissa and Karnataka 'disturbances,'" the national daily reported.
The NIA, a recently formed agency to prevent, probe and prosecute terrorism-related incidents on a national scale, is investigating several cases involving right-wing terrorism aimed at the Muslim minority in retaliation for Islamist attacks. Both Thakur, formerly a member of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party's student wing, and Purohit, who was serving in the Indian Army when he was arrested for his role in blasts in Malegaon city in western Maharashtra state, were part of the Hindu extremist Abhinav Bharat.
Thakur's statement to the NIA came soon after a Directorate of Military Intelligence report said Purohit had confessed to having killed at least two Christians in Kandhamal and playing a role in violence in Karnataka and other states.
The revelation by Thakur was not surprising, said John Dayal, secretary general of the All India Christian Council.
"We have held that the military precision of the Kandhamal riots, which spread fast and raged for months, could not be a work of mere common people, and that higher brains were at work to 'teach the Christians a lesson' while sending out signals of their power lust to the entire nation," Dayal told Compass.
The violence in Kandhamal began following the assassination of a Hindu extremist leader Laxmanananda Saraswati on Aug. 23, 2008. Though Maoists claimed responsibility for the murder, Hindu extremists blamed Christians for it. The violence began after the arrival of Indresh Kumar, an executive committee member of the Hindu extremist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and a suspect in blast cases, said Kandhamal activist Ajay Singh. Local media reports said Kumar was part of Saraswati's funeral procession, which was designed to trigger the attacks, Singh added.
The RSS denies having played any role in terrorism. On March 12, Ram Madhav, an RSS national executive committee member, called the allegation against Kumar "a concerted political campaign." Those who were dragging the RSS leader into blast cases "will stand thoroughly exposed," The Times of India daily quoted him as saying.
Dayal and another Christian leader, Joseph Dias, said they had separately written to India's prime minister and home minister seeking inclusion of the anti-Christian attacks in an ongoing NIA investigation. Sajan K. George of the Global Council of Indian Christians (GCIC) said he had petitioned the president for the same.
Dias, general secretary of the Catholic-Christian Social Forum, a Maharashtra-based rights group, recalled that violence in Kandhamal spread across 13 other districts of Orissa.
"In Kandhamal alone, more than 6,600 homes were destroyed, 56,000 people rendered homeless, thousands injured, and about 100 men and women [were] burned alive or hacked to death," Dias said. "Among the women raped was a Catholic nun."
In September 2008, as the violence continued in Kandhamal, a series of attacks on Christians and their property rocked Mangalore city in Karnataka state.
"In Karnataka, it was hundreds of churches that were desecrated, Christians brutally beaten up, over 350 false cases foisted on them, property held by the community taken over, and no relief to date [has been] received," Dias said.
While the government of Orissa downplayed the violence as "ethnic tensions," Karnataka officials blamed it on Christian conversions.
The RSS and outfits linked to it such as the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (World Hindu Council) and the Vanavasi Kalyan Ashram, which claims to work for tribal welfare, facilitated the Kandhamal attacks together with alleged Hindu nationalist terrorists, Dayal said.
"We want the truth about Hindu groups' anti-national terror activities against minority Christians to come out," said George, whose GCIC is based in Karnataka.
Dias warned that that the latest statement by Thakur must not to be seen in isolation, as the Military Intelligence report revealed that the Abhinav Bharat had targeted Christians in several states, including Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
The "game plan" is to "cripple Christian religious places, property and institutions, besides eliminating its nascent community leadership at the grassroots," Dias added.
The Abhinav Bharat was formed in 2007 by a few right-wing Hindus allegedly disillusioned with the leaders of the Hindu nationalist movement, whom they thought were too timid to make India a Hindu nation, rather than one based on religious pluralism.
Posted in Christianity, Hinduism, India, Islam, Roman Catholicism	| Tagged 2007, 2008, Abhinav Bharat, activist, agency, Ajay Singh, alive, All India Christian Council, allegation, alleged, anti-Christian, anti-Muslim, anti-terror, army, arrested, assassination, attacks, based, beaten, Bharatiya Janata Party, BJP, blamed, blasts, bomb, bombings, brutally, burned, call, campaign, Catholic-Christian Social Forum, Christian, Christianity, Christians, churches, city, Col., community, concerted, confessed, conversions, cripple, death, desecrated, designed, destroyed, Directorate of military Intelligence, disillusioned, disturbances, downplayed, eliminating, ethnic, executive committee, extremist, facilitated, fast, formed, funeral, Game, GCIC, Global Council of Indian Christians, government, grassroots, group, hacked, Hindu, Hinduism, Hindus, Home Minister, homeless, homes, incidents, India, Indian, Indresh Kumar, injured, institutions, Intelligence, Islam, Islamist, isolation, John Dayal, Joseph Dias, Kandhamal, Karnataka, killed, killing, Laxmanananda Saraswati, leader, leadership, linked, Lt., Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Malegaon, Mangalore, Maoists, masterminded, member, military, minority, movement, Muslim, muslims, nascent, nation, National Investigation Agency, New Delhi, NIA, nun, officials, Orissa, Persecution, plan, planning, pluralism, political, Pragya Singh Thakur, Prasad Srikant Purohit, precision, President, prevent, Prime Minister, probe, procession, property, prosecute, raged, Ram Madhav, raped, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, recalled, religious, rendered, retaliation, revelation, rights, riots, role, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholics, RSS, Sajan K. George, Secretary General, serving, spread, student, suspects, targeting, tensions, terror, terrorism, terrorism-related, terrorists, ties, timid, tribal, trigger, Vanavasi Kalyan Ashram, VHP, violence, Vishwa Hindu Parishad, welfare, West, western, wing, women, World Hindu Council | Leave a comment
Christians Fear Civilian Casualties in Burma
Posted on December 10, 2010 by particularkev
Junta targets ethnic minority states as civil war looms.
CHIANG MAI, Thailand, December 8 (CDN) — Civilians in two ethnic minority states with large Christian populations fear their lives will be in danger as skirmishes between rebels and a Burmese junta bent on instilling Buddhist nationalism threaten to escalate into war.
"It is likely that the military junta will carry out a military offensive against ethnic armed groups now that the elections are over," Nang Mya Naddy, ethnic program coordinator of the Democratic Voice of Burma radio program, told Compass.
Christians fear that full-scale civil war in Burma (also known as Myanmar) could result in either ethnic cleansing or total subjugation of minorities. Persecution of Christians in Burma is part of a wider campaign against ethnic minority tribes to create a uniform society in which the only accepted religion is Buddhism, according to the British daily Telegraph, citing a 2007 government memo circulated in Karen state giving instructions on how to drive Christians out of the state.
Independent media reports suggest that the possibility of a major clash between ethnic armies and government troops is highest in Kachin and Karen states. Burma's ethnic minorities, who inhabit states along Burma's border with Thailand, China and India, have been demanding independence or autonomy for decades.
There are an estimated 1.2 million people in Kachin state, of which around 1 million are Christian. About 40 percent of the 3.5 million people in Karen state are estimated to be Christian. The Burmese junta, dominated by an ethnic Burman Buddhist majority, also seems to be preparing for war in the predominantly Buddhist state of Shan.
The junta has blocked trade links and deployed troops in Karen state, where the Karen National Liberation Army has not been offered a truce.
"The refugees from Burma continue to flow into neighboring Thailand as fighting fails to die down in Karen state between Burmese government troops and breakaway forces of the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army [DKBA]," reported The Irrawaddy, a Chiang Mai, Thailand-based publication covering Burma and Southeast Asia. "The latest military action was reported early on Monday [Dec. 6] from Myawaddy Township, where the Metta Linn Myaing village was shelled by junta troops. More than a dozen artillery shells hit the area of the village, according to local sources."
Around 1,200 refugees are living at a border patrol police base in Mahawan area in Tak Province's Mae Sot district in Thailand, a Thai official told The Irrawaddy.
"Sadly, so far neither side in the recent fighting has shown much regard for the civilians caught in the crossfire," Elaine Pearson, deputy Asia director at Human Rights Watch, told The Irrawaddy. "The situation in Karen state was further complicated when the Karen National Union (KNU) entered into the conflict in support of the DKBA breakaway forces."
David Takapaw, vice chairman of the KNU, told The Irrawaddy, "We will not stop fighting if they [the Burmese army] insist on trying to deploy in our area."
The junta perceives all Christians in ethnic minority states as insurgents, according to the pro-democracy Free Burma Rangers (FBR) relief aid group. The Burmese Army attacked a Christian village in Karen state four months ago, according to the FBR, and on July 23 burned all houses and the state's largest church in Tha Dah Der village.
Saber-Rattling
To intensify its battle for control in ethnic minority states after its Nov. 7 election victory, the Burmese army has blocked sea and land routes to Karen and Kachin states, increased deployment of troops in areas controlled by rebel groups and transported ammunition in large quantities.
In 2008, Burma's government ordered all armed groups under ceasefires to meld into the Border Guard Forces. Many rebel groups have refused to comply.
Although the election – the first in the last two decades – was held last month and the government released pro-democratic leader Aung San Suu Kyi, it is becoming clearer daily that the junta is in no mood to address grievances of the country's ethnic minorities.
While rights groups around the world are calling for national reconciliation, the Burmese junta, whose proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party, is likely to have a majority in parliament, is preparing for a military fight with ethnic minority rebels.
"The recent purchase by the State Peace and Development Council [SPDC] of 24 Russian military helicopters, as well as the establishment of new helicopter bases near the Salween River, suggests that the Tatmadaw, the name for the Burmese military, is gearing up for a 'military solution' to the ethnic issue," noted an opinion piece in The Irrawaddy on Nov. 29.
One of the military's main targets is the Kachin Independence Army (KIA).
The KIA has had a ceasefire agreement with the Burmese government since 1994, but "it has recently been broken, and we are waiting to see what will happen next – if we can reconcile or not," a leader of the Kachin Women's Association Thailand identified only as Shirley told Compass. "The KIA wants reconciliation with the SPDC [State Peace and Development Council, Burma's junta-controlled regime], but the government hasn't allowed Kachin political groups to participate in politics or in the recent election."
Indirect negotiations for peace are underway now, she said, adding that she was unsure if the Kachin will be attacked or not. "The KIA is ready to fight back," she said.
Media reports indicate that the likelihood of the Burmese regime attacking is greater than chances of it seeking reconciliation.
Kachin State
"The threat to the Kachin Independence Organization [KIO, armed wing of the KIA] has increased manifold with the Burmese military junta dispatching significant quantity of arms to Kachin state, northern Burma," reported the independent online Kachin News Group (KNG).
The military has also ordered the KIO to close down all its branch liaison offices in northern Burma. Only the main liaison office in Kachin's capital, Myitkyina, has been allowed to function, KNG added.
In addition, the junta has provided arms training to workers of an agriculture company it supports, Yuzana Co., "in preparation for civil war with the Kachin Independence Organization," the news group reported. In October, the military provided "60 Chinese-made M-22 assault rifles, copies of the Russian AK-47" to Yuzana workers in the Hugawng Valley, according to KNG.
The Rangoon-based Yuzana Co. came to the Hugawng Valley in 2006 and "grabbed up about 400,000 acres from the ethnic Kachin people with assistance from the local Burmese military and administrative authorities," KNG reported. "Since 2006, the company has transported thousands of Burman ethnics from southern Burma to the Hugawng Valley every year."
Mizzima, a New-Delhi based news organization, reported that the KIO has urged businessmen in the northern Burma stronghold of Laiza to leave, given the high probability of military conflict. A KIO spokesperson told Mizzima that "fighting was likely to break out soon."
KNG also reported on Dec. 2 that Burma's military junta "has a secret mission" to spread HIV in Kachin state as part of an ethnic cleansing effort. "Beginning 1990, the junta has systematically dispatched HIV-infected sex workers from the Thai-Burma border to Kachin state, especially to the Hpakant jade mining city," it reported.
Shirley of the Kachin Women's Association Thailand said she was not sure if "ethnic cleansing" was the goal of the Burmese army, but that the junta did want to spread AIDS as well as sell drugs to the Kachin people.
"The SPDC does not allow the expansion of churches and took over church land in certain areas," she said. "The construction of new churches is not allowed, and the Kachin people have to ask permission to organize religious meetings, which is a detriment to community-building activities since the church is the foundation for the community, with 85 percent of the population being Christians."
Emulate Sri Lanka?
Christians also fear that the Burmese regime may emulate the Sri Lankan government's recent war against the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Rights groups say thousands of civilians were killed in Sri Lanka before its government claimed victory over the areas controlled by the Tamil Tigers.
But Htet Aung, election specialist for The Irrawaddy, told Compass that while the Burmese regime may use Sri Lanka's military strategy, "the nature of armed conflicts and their historical contexts are different."
"While Sri Lankan's government faced LTTE alone, the junta is now facing several armed ethnic groups," Aung said. "The junta, unlike Sri Lanka's present government, is facing a strong democratic leadership by Aung San Suu Kyi."
Tensions in ethnic states are far greater than has been reported, sources said. Shirley added that there are only a few channels of communication in Kachin state, and the suffering of civilians there often goes unreported.
The Burmese regime projects that close to 70 percent of the country's population is ethnic Burman. Ethnic minorities dispute the claim, saying the figure is inflated to make a case for Burman Buddhist nationalism.
The new constitution, which will come into force with the first session of parliament, was passed through a referendum in May 2008 that was allegedly rigged. It provides for religious freedom but also empowers the military to curb it under various pretexts.
Article 34 states, "Every citizen is equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess and practice religion subject to public order, morality or health and to the other provisions of this Constitution." Article 360 (a), however, says this freedom "shall not include any economic, financial, political or other secular activities that may be associated with religious practice," apparently to bar religious groups from any lobbying or advocacy.
Further, Article 360 (b) goes on to say that the freedom "shall not debar the Union from enacting law for the purpose of public welfare and reform."
Adds Article 364: "The abuse of religion for political purposes is forbidden. Moreover, any act which is intended or is likely to promote feelings of hatred, enmity or discord between racial or religious communities or sects is contrary to this Constitution. A law may be promulgated to punish such activity."
Furthermore, Article 382 empowers "the Defense Forces personnel or members of the armed forces responsible to carry out peace and security" to "restrict or revoke" fundamental rights.
Posted in Buddhism, China, Christianity, India, Myanmar, Russia, Sri Lanka, Tamil Tigers, Thailand	| Tagged 1990, 1994, 2006, aid, AIDS, AK-47, artillery, assault, Aung San Suu Kyi, autonomy, based, bases, border, Border Guard Forces, Buddhism, Buddhist, Buddhists, Burma, Burman, Burmese, casualties, Chiang Mai, China, Chinese, Christian, Christianity, Christians, city, civil, Civil War, civilian, copies, David Takapaw, Democratic Karen Buddhist Army, Democratic Voice of Burma, deputy Asia director, dispatched, district, DKBA, Elaine Pearson, elections, ethnic, Ethnic Cleansing, FBR, fear, Free Burma Rangers, group, helicopters, HIV, HIV-infected, Hpakant, Htet Aung, Hugawng Valley, Human Rights Watch, Independence, India, insurgents, jade, junta, Kachin, Kachin Independence Army, Kachin Women's Association Thailand, Karen, Karen National Liberation Army, Karen National Union, KIA, KNU, Laiza, liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, looms, LTTE, M-22, made, Mae Sot, Mahawan, Metta Linn Myaing, military, mining, minority, mission, Myanmar, Myawaddy Township, Myitkyina, Nang Mya Naddy, nationalism, new, offered, Persecution, pro-democracy, Rangoon, rebels, relief, rifles, Russian, Salween River, secret, separatist, sex, Shan, shelled, Shirley, SPDC, specialist, spread, Sri Lanka, Sri Lankan, state, State Peace and Development Council, states, systematically, Tak Province, Tamil Tigers, targets, Tatmadaw, Tha Dah Der, Thai, Thai-Burma, Thailand, truce, Union Solidarity and Development Party, vice chairman, War, workers, Yuzana Co. | Leave a comment
Legal Status Foreseen for Christianity in Buddhist Bhutan
Posted on November 6, 2010 by particularkev
Country's religious regulatory authority expected to consider recognition before year's end.
NEW DELHI, November 4 (CDN) — For the first time in Bhutan's history, the Buddhist nation's government seems ready to grant much-awaited official recognition and accompanying rights to a miniscule Christian population that has remained largely underground.
The authority that regulates religious organizations will discuss in its next meeting – to be held by the end of December – how a Christian organization can be registered to represent its community, agency secretary Dorji Tshering told Compass by phone.
Thus far only Buddhist and Hindu organizations have been registered by the authority, locally known as Chhoedey Lhentshog. As a result, only these two communities have the right to openly practice their religion and build places of worship.
Asked if Christians were likely to get the same rights soon, Tshering replied, "Absolutely" – an apparent paradigm shift in policy given that Bhutan's National Assembly had banned open practice of non-Buddhist and non-Hindu religions by passing resolutions in 1969 and in 1979.
"The constitution of Bhutan says that Buddhism is the country's spiritual heritage, but it also says that his majesty [the king] is the protector of all religions," he added, explaining the basis on which the nascent democracy is willing to accept Christianity as one of the faiths of its citizens.
The former king of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, envisioned democracy in the country in 2006 – after the rule of an absolute monarchy for over a century. The first elections were held in 2008, and since then the government has gradually given rights that accompany democracy to its people.
The government's move to legalize Christianity seems to have the consent of the present king, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, who is respected by almost all people and communities in the country. In his early thirties, the king studied in universities in the United States and the United Kingdom. Prime Minister Lyonchen Jigmey Thinley is also believed to have agreed in principle to recognition of other faiths.
According to source who requested anonymity, the government is likely to register only one Christian organization and would expect it to represent all Christians in Bhutan – which would call for Christian unity in the country.
All Hindus, who constitute around 22 percent of Bhutan's less than 700,000 people, are also represented by one legal entity, the Hindu Dharma Samudaya (Hindu Religion Community) of Bhutan, which was registered with the Chhoedey Lhentshog authority along with Buddhist organizations a year ago.
Tshering said the planned discussion at the December meeting is meant to look at technicalities in the Religious Organizations Act of 2007, which provides for registration and regulation of religious groups with intent to protect and promote the country's spiritual heritage. The government began to enforce the Act only in November 2009, a year after the advent of democracy.
Asked what some of the government's concerns are over allowing Christianity in the country, Tshering said "conversion must not be forced, because it causes social tensions which Bhutan cannot afford to have. However, the constitution says that no one should be forced to believe in a religion, and that aspect will be taken care of. We will ensure that no one is forced to convert."
The government's willingness to recognize Christians is partly aimed at bringing the community under religious regulation, said the anonymous source. This is why it is evoking mixed response among the country's Christians, who number around 6,000 according to rough estimates.
Last month, a court in south Bhutan sentenced a Christian man to three years of prison for screening films on Christianity – which was criticized by Christian organizations around the world. (See http://www.compassdirect.org, "Christian in Bhutan Imprisoned for Showing Film on Christ," Oct. 18.)
The government is in the process of introducing a clause banning conversions by force or allurement in the country's penal code.
Though never colonized, landlocked Bhutan has historically seen its sovereignty as fragile due to its small size and location between two Asian giants, India and China. It has sought to protect its sovereignty by preserving its distinct cultural identity based on Buddhism and by not allowing social tensions or unrest.
In the 1980s, when the king sought to strengthen the nation's cultural unity, ethnic Nepalese citizens, who are mainly Hindu and from south Bhutan, rebelled against it. But a military crackdown forced over 100,000 of them – some of them secret Christians – to either flee to or voluntarily leave the country for neighboring Nepal.
Tshering said that while some individual Christians had approached the authority with queries, no organization had formally filed papers for registration.
After the December meeting, if members of the regulatory authority feel that Chhoedey Lhentshog's mandate does not include registering a Christian organization, Christians will then be registered by another authority, the source said.
After official recognition, Christians would require permission from local authorities to hold public meetings. Receiving foreign aid or inviting foreign speakers would be subject to special permission from the home ministry, added the source.
Bhutan's first contact with Christians came in the 17th century when Guru Rimpoche, a Buddhist leader and the unifier of Bhutan as a nation state, hosted the first two foreigners, who were Jesuits. Much later, Catholics were invited to provide education in Bhutan; the Jesuits came to Bhutan in 1963 and the Salesians in 1982 to run schools. The Salesians, however, were expelled in 1982 on accusations of proselytizing, and the Jesuits left the country in 1988.
"As Bhutanese capacities (scholarly, administrative and otherwise) increased, the need for active Jesuit involvement in the educational system declined, ending in 1988, when the umbrella agreement between the Jesuit order and the kingdom expired and the administration of all remaining Jesuit institutions was turned over to the government," writes David M. Malone, Canada's high commissioner to India and ambassador to Bhutan, in the March 2008 edition of Literary Review of Canada.
After a Christian organization is registered, Christian institutions may also be allowed once again in the country, given the government's stress on educating young Bhutanese.
A local Christian requesting anonymity said the community respects Bhutan's political and religious leaders, especially the king and the prime minister, will help preserve the country's unique culture and seeks to contribute to the building of the nation.
Posted in Bhutan, Buddhism, China, Christianity, Hinduism, India, Nepal, Roman Catholicism, United Kingdom, USA	| Tagged 1963, 1969, 1979, 1982, 1988, 2006, 2008, absolute, accept, accompanying, accusations, act, actice, administration, administrative, advent, agency, agreed, agreement, aid, allowing, allurement, approached, Asian, authority, banned, banning, based, believe, believed, Bhutan, Bhutan National Assembly, Bhutanese, Buddhism, Buddhist, Buddhists, build, building, capacities, causes, Chhoedey Lhentshog, China, Christ, Christian, Christianity, Christians, citizens, clause, code, colonized, community, concerns, consent, consider, constitution, contact, contribute, conversion, convert, country, crackdown, criticized, cultural, culture, declined, democracy, discuss, distinct, Dorji Tshering, educating, education, educational, elections, ending, enforce, entity, envisioned, ethnic, evoking, expected, expelled, expired, faiths, filed, films, first, flee, forced, foreign, foreigners, foreseen, formally, former, fragile, giants, government, gradually, grant, Guru Rimpoche, held, heritage, Hindu, Hindu Dharma Samudaya, Hindu Religion Community, Hinduism, Hindus, historically, History, hold, Home Ministry, hosted, identity, imprisoned, increased, India, individual, institutions, intent, introducing, invited, inviting, involvement, Jesuits, Jigme Khesar Nangyel Wangchuck, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, king, Kingdom, landlocked, largely, leader, leave, legal, legalize, local, location, Lyonchen Jigmey Thinley, majesty, man, mandate, meeting, military, miniscule, mixed, monarchy, nascent, nation, need, neighboring, Nepal, Nepalese, non-Buddhist, non-Hindu, official, open, openly, order, organization, organizations, papers, paradigm, passing, penal, people, permission, Persecution, places, policy, practice, present, preserving, Prime Minister, principle, prison, process, promote, proselytizing, protect, protector, provide, provides, public, queries, ready, rebelled, receiving, recognition, registered, registration, regulates, regulation, regulatory, religion, religions, religious, Religious Organizations Act of 2007, remained, represent, requires, resolutions, respected, response, rights, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholics, rule, run, Salesians, scholarly, schools, screening, secret, secretary, seeks, seems, sentenced, shift, showing, size, small, social, south, sovereignty, speakers, special, spiritual, state, status, strengthen, stress, studied, subject, system, technicalities, tensions, turned, umbrella, underground, unifier, unique, United Kingdom, unity, universities, unrest, USA, voluntarily, willing, world, worship, young | Leave a comment
Burma's Ethnic Christians Fear Bleak Future after Election
Posted on October 24, 2010 by particularkev
Military hostilities against insurgents may result in Christian casualties and persecution.
CHIANG MAI, Thailand, October 22 (CDN) — With Burma's first election in over 20 years just two weeks away, Christians in ethnic minority states fear that afterward the military regime will try to "cleanse" the areas of Christianity, sources said.
The Burmese junta is showing restraint to woo voters in favor of its proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP), but it is expected to launch a military offensive on insurgents in ethnic minority states after the Nov. 7 election, Burma watchers warned.
When Burma Army personnel attack, they do not discriminate between insurgents and unarmed residents, said a representative of the pro-democracy Free Burma Rangers relief aid group in Chiang Mai, close to the Thai-Burma border. There is a large Christian population in Burma's Kachin, Karen and Karenni states along the border that falls under the military's target zone. Most of the slightly more than 2 million Christians in Burma (also called Myanmar) reside along the country's border with Thailand, China and India.
The military seems to be preparing its air force for an offensive, said Aung Zaw, editor of the Chiang Mai-based magazine Irrawaddy, which covers Burma. The Burmese Air Force (BAF) bought 50 Mi-24 helicopters and 12 Mi-2 armored transport helicopters from Russia in September, added Zaw, a Buddhist.
Irrawaddy reported that the BAF had procured combat-equipped helicopters for the first time in its history. Air strikes will be conducted "most likely in Burma's ethnic areas, where dozens of armed groups still exert control," the magazine reported, quoting BAF sources.
"Armed conflicts between ethnic armies and the military can flare up any time," said Zaw. "However, to boost the morale of its personnel, the military is expected to attack smaller ethnic groups first, and then the more powerful ones."
Seven states of Burma have armed and unarmed groups demanding independence or autonomy from the regime: Shan, Karenni (also known as Kayah), Karen, Mon, Chin, Kachin, and Arakan (also Rakhine).
The junta has designated many areas in this region as "Black Zones" – entirely controlled by armed ethnic groups – and "Brown Zones," where the military has partial control, said the source from FBR, which provides relief to internally displaced people in states across the Thai-Burma border.
"There are many unarmed Christian residents in these zones where Burmese military personnel attack and kill anyone on sight," the source said.
A Karen state native in Chiang Mai who identified himself only as Pastor Joseph, who fled Burma as a child, referred to the junta's clandestine campaign to wipe out Christians from the country. At least four years ago a secret memo circulated in Karen state, "Program to Destroy the Christian Religion in Burma," that carried "point by point instructions on how to drive Christians out of the state," reported the British daily Telegraph on Jan. 21, 2007.
"The text, which opens with the line, 'There shall be no home where the Christian religion is practiced,' calls for anyone caught evangelizing to be imprisoned," the Telegraph reported. "It advises: 'The Christian religion is very gentle – identify and utilize its weakness.'"
Persecution of Christians in Burma "is part of a wider campaign by the regime, also targeted at ethnic minority tribes, to create a uniform society in which the race and language is Burmese and the only accepted religion is Buddhism," the daily noted.
The junta perceives all Christians in ethnic minority states as insurgents, according to the FBR. Three months ago, Burma Army's Light Infantry Battalions 370 and 361 attacked a Christian village in Karen state, according to the FBR. In Tha Dah Der village on July 23, army personnel burned all houses, one of the state's biggest churches – which was also a school – and all livestock and cattle, reported the FBR.
More than 900 people fled to save their lives.
Vague Religious Freedom
The new constitution, which will come into force with the first session of parliament after the election, was passed through a referendum in May 2008 that was allegedly rigged. It provides for religious freedom but also empowers the military to curb it under various pretexts.
The Burmese junta is expected to remain at the helm of affairs after the election. The 2008 constitution reserves one-fourth of all seats in national as well as regional assemblies for military personnel.
A majority of people in Burma are not happy with the military's USDP party, and military generals are expected to twist the results in its favor, said Htet Aung, chief election reporter at Irrawaddy.
Khonumtung News Group, an independent Burmese agency, reported on Oct. 2 that most educated young Burmese from Chin state were "disgusted" with the planned election, "which they believe to be a sham and not likely to be free and fair."
They "are crossing the border to Mizoram in the northeast state of India from Chin state and Sagaing division to avoid participating," Khonumtung reported. "On a regular basis at least five to 10 youths are crossing the border daily to avoid voting. If they stay in Burma, they will be coerced to cast votes."
There is "utter confusion" among people, and they do not know if they should vote or not, said Aung of Irrawaddy. While the second largest party, the National Unity Party, is pro-military, there are few pro-democracy and ethnic minority parties.
"Many of the pro-democracy and ethnic minority candidates have little or no experience in politics," Aung said. "All those who had some experience have been in jail as political prisoners for years."
In some ethnic minority states, the USDP might face an embarrassing defeat. And this can deepen the military's hostility towards minorities, including Christians, after the election, added Aung.
For now, an uneasy calm prevails in the Thai-Burma border region where most ethnic Christians live.
Posted in Buddhism, China, Christianity, India, Myanmar, Thailand	| Tagged 2008, 361, 370, abuse, accepted, act, activities, activity, advocacy, affairs, afterward, against, agency, air, air force, allegedly, along, anyone, Arakin, areas, armed, armies, army, Article 34, Article 360 (a), Article 360(b), Article 364, Article 382, assemblies, associated, attack, attacked, Aung Zaw, autonomy, avoid, BAF, bar, based, basis, battalions, believe, between, biggest, Black Zones, bleak, boost, border, Brown Zones, Buddhism, Buddhist, Buddhists, Burma, Burmese, burned, calls, calm, campaign, candidates, carry, case, cast, casualties, cattle, caught, Chiang Mai, chief, child, chin, China, Christian, Christianity, Christians, churches, circulated, citizen, claim, clandestine, cleanse, close, coerced, combat-equipped, communities, conducted, confusion, conscience, constitution, contrary, control, controlled, country, create, crossing, curb, daily, debar, deepen, defeat, Defense Forces, demanding, designated, destroy, discord, discriminate, disgusted, displaced, dispute, division, drive, economic, editor, educated, election, embarrassing, empowers, enacting, enmity, entirely, entitled, equally, ethnic, evangelizing, exert, expected, experience, face, fair, falls, favor, FBR, fear, feelings, figure, financial, first, flare, fled, forbidden, force, foreign, free, Free Burma Rangers, freedom, freely, fundamental, future, generals, gentle, group, groups, happy, hatred, health, helicopters, helm, History, home, hostilities, hostility, houses, Htet Aung, identified, identify, imprisoned, include, including, Independence, independent, India, inflated, instructions, insurgents, intended, internally, Irrawaddy, jail, Joseph, junta, Kachin, Karen, Karenni, Kayah, Khonumtung News Group, kill, language, large, launch, law, Light Infantry, likely, little, live, livestock, lobbying, magazine, majority, make, May, members, memo, military, minorities, minority, Mizoram, Mon, morale, morality, Myanmar, national, National Unity Party, nationalism, native, new, northeast, not, offensive, one-fourth, order, out, Parliament, part, partial, participating, party, passed, Pastor, peace, people, perceives, Persecution, personnel, planned, point, political, Politics, population, powerful, practice, practiced, preparing, pretexts, prevails, prisoners, pro-democracy, pro-military, procured, profess, program, projects, promote, promulgated, provides, provisions, proxy, public, punish, purpose, quoting, race, racial, Rakhine, referendum, referred, reform, regime, region, regional, regular, relief, religion, religious, religious freedom, remain, reporter, representative, reserves, reside, residents, responsible, restraint, restrict, result, results, revoke, rigged, right, rights, Sagaing, save, saying, school, seats, second, secret, sects, secular, security, seems, session, sham, Shan, showing, sight, smaller, Society, sources, states, stay, strikes, subject, target, Tha Dah Der, Thai-Burma, Thailand, through, towards, tribes, twist, unarmed, uneasy, uniform, Union, Union and Solidarity Development Party, USDP, utilize, utter, vague, various, village, voters, votes, warned, watchers, weakness, welfare, wider, wipe out, woo, young, youths, zone, zones | Leave a comment
Christians in Turkey Acquitted of 'Insulting Turkishness'
But court heavily fines them for dubious conviction of collecting personal data.
ISTANBUL, October 19 (CDN) — After four years of legal battle in a Turkish court, a judge acquitted two Christians of insulting Turkey and its people by spreading Christianity, but not without slapping them with a hefty fine for a spurious charge.
Four years ago this month, Turan Topal, 50, and Hakan Tastan, 41, started a legal battle after gendarmerie officers produced false witnesses to accuse them of spreading their faith and allegedly "insulting Turkishness, the military and Islam."
At the Silivri court an hour west of Istanbul, Judge Hayrettin Sevim on Thursday (Oct. 14) acquitted the defendants of two charges that they had insulted the Turkish state (Article 301) and that they had insulted its people (Article 216) by spreading Christianity. Sevim cited lack of evidence.
He found them guilty, however, of collecting information on citizens without permission (Article 135) and sentenced them to seven months of imprisonment each. The court ruled that the two men could each pay a 4,500 lira (US$3,170) fine instead of serving time, said their lawyer Haydar Polat.
Tastan expressed mixed feelings about the verdicts.
"For both Turan and I, being found innocent from the accusation that we insulted the Turkish people was the most important thing for us, because we've always said we're proud to be Turks," Tastan said by telephone. "But it is unjust that they are sentencing us for collecting people's information."
At the time of their arrests, Topal and Tastan were volunteers with The Bible Research Center, which has since acquired official association status and is now called The Association for Propagating Knowledge of the Bible. The two men had used contact information that individuals interested in Christianity had volunteered to provide on the association's website.
Administrators of the association stated openly to local authorities that their goal was to disseminate information about Christianity.
The two men and their lawyer said they will be ready to appeal the unjust decision of the court when they have seen the official statement, which the court should issue within a month. Polat said the appeal process will take over a year.
"Why should we have to continue the legal battle and appeal this?" asked Tastan. "We are not responsible for the information that was collected. So why are they fining us for this? So, we continue our legal adventure."
Still, he expressed qualified happiness.
"We are free from the charges that we have insulted the Turkish state and the people of Turkey and we're glad for that, but we are sorry about the court's sentence," Tastan said. "We're happy on one hand, and sorry on the other."
The court hearing lasted just a few minutes, said Polat.
"The judges came to the court hearing ready with their decision," Polat said. "Their file was complete, and there was neither other evidence nor witnesses."
Polat was hesitant to comment on whether the decision to convict the men of collecting private data without permission was because they are Christians. He did underline, however, that the court's decision to fine the men was unjust, and that they plan to appeal it after the court issues an official written verdict.
"This was the court's decision," said Polat, "but we believe this is not fair. This decision is inconsistent with the law."
Christianity on Trial
The initial charges in 2006 against Tastan and Topal were based on "a warning telephone call to the gendarme" claiming that some Christian missionaries were trying to form illegal groups in local schools and making insults against Turkishness, the military and Islam.
In March 2009 the Turkish Ministry of Justice issued a statement claiming that approval to try the two men's case under the controversial Article 301came in response to the "original" statement by three young men that Topal and Tastan were conducting missionary activities in an effort to show that Islam was a primitive and fictitious religion that results in terrorism, and to portray Turks as a "cursed people."
Two of the three witnesses, however, stated in court that they didn't even know Topal and Tastan. The third witness never appeared in court. Prosecutors were unable to produce any evidence indicating the defendants described Islam in these terms. At the same time, they questioned their right to speak openly about Christianity with others.
Polat and his legal partners had based their defense on the premise that Turkey's constitution grants all citizens freedom to choose, be educated in and communicate their religion, making missionary activities legal.
"This is the point that really needs to be understood," Polat told Compass last year. "In Turkey, constitutionally speaking, it is not a crime to be a Christian or to disseminate the Christian faith. However, in reality there have been problems."
The lawyer and the defendants said that prosecuting lawyers gave political dimensions to the case by rendering baseless accusations in a nationalistic light, claiming that missionary activities were carried out by imperialistic countries intending to harm Turkey.
Tastan and Topal became Christians more than 15 years ago and changed their religious identity from Muslim to Christian on their official ID cards.
Initially accompanied by heavy media hype, the case had been led by ultranationalist attorney Kemal Kerincsiz and a team of six other lawyers. Kerincsiz had filed or inspired dozens of Article 301 court cases against writers and intellectuals he accused of insulting the Turkish nation and Islam.
Because of Kerincsiz's high-level national profile, the first few hearings drew several hundred young nationalist protestors surrounding the Silivri courthouse, under the eye of dozens of armed police. But the case has attracted almost no press attention since Kerincsiz was jailed in January 2008 as a suspect in the overarching conspiracy trials over Ergenekon, a "deep state" operation to destabilize the government led by a cabal of retired generals, politicians and other key figures. The lawyer is accused of an active role in the alleged Ergenekon plot to discredit and overthrow Turkey's ruling Justice and Development Party government.
Ergenekon has been implicated in the cases of murdered priest Andreas Santoro, Armenian editor Hrant Dink, and the three Christians in Malatya: Necati Aydin, Ugur Yuksel and Tilmann Geske.
In a separate case, in March of 2009 Tastan and Topal were charged with "illegal collection of funds." Each paid a fine of 600 Turkish lira (US$360) to a civil court in Istanbul. The verdict could not be appealed in the Turkish legal courts. This ruling referred to the men receiving church offerings without official permission from local authorities.
Posted in Armenia, Christianity, Germany, Islam, Turkey	| Tagged 2006, 2009, accusation, accusations, accuse, acquired, acquitted, active, activities, administrators, adventure, against, alleged, allegedly, Andreas Santoro, appeal, approval, armed, Armenian, arrests, Article 135, Article 216, article 301, association, attention, attorney, attracted, authorities, based, baseless, battle, believe, cabal, call, called, cards, cases, changed, charge, charges, choose, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, cited, citizens, civil, collecting, collection, comment, communicate, complete, conducting, conspiracy, constitution, contact, continue, controversial, convict, conviction, countries, court, courthouse, crime, cursed, data, decision, deep, defendants, defense, described, destablize, dimensions, discredit, disseminate, dubious, editor, educated, effort, Ergenekon, evidence, expressed, fair, faith, false, feelings, fictitious, figures, filed, fines, fining, form, found, free, freedom, funds, gendarme, gendarmerie, generals, glad, goal, government, grants, groups, guilty, Hakan Tastan, happiness, happy, harm, Haydar Polat, Hayrettin Sevim, hearing, heavily, hefty, hesitant, high-level, Hrant Dink, hype, ID, identity, illegal, imperialistic, implicated, important, imprisonment, inconsistent, indicating, individuals, initial, innocent, inspired, insulting, insults, intellectuals, intending, interested, Islam, issue, Istanbul, jailed, judge, Justice and Development Party, Kemal Kerincsiz, key, lack, law, lawyer, led, legal, light, local, making, Malatya, media, men, mfile, military, Ministry of Justice, missionaries, missionary, mixed, murdered, Muslim, muslims, nation, national, nationalistic, Necati Aydin, offerings, officers, official, openly, operation, original, overarching, overthrow, paid, partners, pay, people, permission, Persecution, personal, plot, police, political, politicians, portray, premise, press, priest, primitive, problems, process, produce, produced, profile, prosecutors, proud, provide, qualified, questioned, ready, reality, receiving, referred, religion, religious, response, responsible, results, retired, right, role, ruled, ruling, schools, sentenced, sentencing, serving, show, Silivri, slapping, sorry, speak, spreading, spurious, started, state, stated, statement, status, surrounding, suspect, team, telephone, terms, terrorism, The Association for Propagating Knowledge of the Bible, The Bible Research Center, Tilmann Geske, time, trial, trials, try, trying, Turan Topal, Turkey, Turkish, Turkishness, Turks, Ugar Yuksel, ultrnationalist, unable, understood, unjust, used, verdict, verdicts, volunteered, volunteers, warning, Website, West, without, witnesses, writers, written, young | Leave a comment
Chinese Christians Blocked from Attending Lausanne Congress
Police threaten or detain some 200 house church members who planned to attend.
DUBLIN, October 15 (CDN) — As organizers prepared for the opening of the Third Lausanne International Congress on World Evangelization tomorrow in Cape Town, South Africa, Chinese police threatened or detained some 200 delegates who had hoped to attend.
After receiving an invitation to attend the event, house church groups in China formed a selection committee and raised significant funds to pay the expenses of their chosen delegates, a source told Compass. Many delegates, however, were "interviewed" by authorities after they applied to attend the Congress, the source said.
When house church member Abraham Liu Guan and four other delegates attempted to leave China via Beijing airport on Sunday (Oct. 10), authorities refused to allow them through customs, reported the Chinese-language Ming Pao News. Officials detained one delegate and confiscated the passports of the other four until Oct. 25, the closing date of the conference.
China's State Administration for Religious Affairs and the Ministry of Public Security had notified border control staff that the participation of Chinese Christians in the conference threatened state security and ordered them not to allow delegates to leave, Liu told U.S.-based National Public Radio (NPR).
Officials also prevented two house church Christians from Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, from leaving the country, and on Oct. 9 placed one of them in a 15-day detention, the China Aid Association (CAA) reported.
When Fan Yafeng, leader of the Chinese Christian Legal Defense Association and winner of the 2009 John Leland Religious Liberty Award, discussed the harassment with NPR on Tuesday (Oct. 12), officials assigned some 20 police officers to keep him under house arrest.
On Wednesday (Oct. 13), approximately 1,000 police officers were stationed at Beijing International Airport to restrain an estimated 100 house church members who planned to leave for the Congress via Beijing, according to CAA.
CAA also said authorities over the past few months had contacted every delegate, from Han Christians in Beijing to Uyghur Christians in Xinjiang, for questioning, and threatened some family members.
Normal church operations were also affected. The Rev. Xing Jingfu from Changsha in Hunan province told NPR that authorities cited the Lausanne Congress when they recently ordered his church to close.
China's Foreign Ministry spokesman, Ma Zhaoxu, in a statement issued to NPR, accused the Lausanne Committee for World Evangelization of communicating secretively with members of illegal congregations and not issuing an official invitation to China's state-controlled church.
According to the Ming Pao report, the Lausanne committee said members of the Three-Self Protestant Movement had asked if they could attend. Delegates, however, were required to sign a document expressing their commitment to evangelism, which members of official churches could not do due to regulations such as an upper limit on the number of people in each church, state certification for preachers, and the confinement of preaching to designated churches in designated areas. House church Christians faced no such limitations.
The first such conference was held in Lausanne, Switzerland in 1974, which produced the influential Lausanne Covenant. The second conference was held in 1989 in Manila. Some 4,000 delegates from 200 countries are expected to attend the third conference in Cape Town.
Progress or Repression?
China watchers said there has been a slight easing of restrictions in recent months, accompanied by a call on Sept. 28 from senior Chinese political advisor Du Qinglin for the government to allow the independent development of the official church. Du made the remarks at the 60th anniversary celebrations of the Three-Self Patriotic Movement, according to the government-allied Xinhua news agency.
The BBC in August produced a glowing series on the growth of Christianity in China after Chinese authorities gave it unprecedented access to state-sanctioned churches and religious institutions. Religious rights monitor Elizabeth Kendal, however, described this access as part of a propaganda campaign by the Chinese government to reduce criticism of religious freedom policies.
NPR also produced a five-part series on Chinese religions in July. The series attributed the growth of religious adherence to the "collapse of Communist ideology" and pointed out that growth continued despite the fact that evangelism was "still illegal in China today."
The claims of progress were challenged by an open letter from Pastor Zhang Mingxuan, president of the Chinese Christian House Church Alliance, to Chinese President Hu Jintao on Oct. 1, China's National Day.
In the letter, published by CAA on Oct. 5, Zhang claimed that Chinese house church Christians respected the law and were "model citizens," and yet they had become "the target of a group of government bandits … [who] often arrest and beat innocent Christians and wronged citizens." Further, he added, "House church Christians have been ill-treated simply because they are petitioners to crimes of the government."
Zhang then listed several recent incidents in which Christians were arrested and sent to labor camps, detained and fined without cause, beaten, interrogated and otherwise abused. He also described the closure or demolition of house churches and the confiscation of personal and church property.
He closed with a mention of Uyghur Christian Alimjan Yimit, "who was sentenced to 15 years in prison because he evangelized among Uyghurs – his very own people."
Posted in China, Christianity, Communism, Philippines, South Africa, Switzerland	| Tagged 1974, 1989, 2009, 60th, ;province, Abraham Liu Guan, abused, access, accompanied, accused, adherence, adviser, affected, agency, airport, Alimjan Yimit, allow, anniversary, applied, arrest, arrested, asked, assigned, attempted, attend, attending, attributed, authorities, bandits, Baotou City, based, BBC, beat, beaten, because, Beijing, Beijing International Airport, blocked, border, CAA, campaign, camps, Cape Town, cause, certification, challenged, Changsha, China, China Aid Association, Chinese, Chinese Christian Legal Defense Association, Chinese House Church Alliance, Chinese-language, chosen, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, cited, citizens, claimed, claims, close, closing, closure, collapse, committee, committment, communicating, Communism, communist, communists, conference, confinement, confiscated, confiscation, congregations, Congress, contacted, continued, control, countries, country, crimes, criticism, customs, date, delegates, demolition, described, designated, despite, detain, detained, detention, development, discussed, document, Du Qinglin, easing, Elizabeth Kendal, estimated, evangelism, evangelized, event, expected, expenses, expressing, faced, fact, family, Fan Yafeng, fined, first, Foreign Ministry, formed, funds, glowing, government, government-allied, group, groups, growth, Han, harassment, hoped, house arrest, house church, house churches, Hu Jintao, Hunan, ideology, ill-treated, illegal, incidents, independent, influential, Inner Mongolia, innocent, institutions, interrogated, interviewed, invitation, issued, issuing, John Leland Religious Liberty Award, keep, Labor, Lausanne, Lausanne Covenant, law, leader, leave, letter, limit, limitations, listed, Ma Zhaoxu, Manila, member, members, mention, Ming Pao News, Ministry of Public Security, model, monitor, National Day, National Public Radio, news, normal, notified, NPR, number, officers, official, officials, open letter, opening, operations, ordered, organizers, otherwise, own, part, participation, passports, Pastor, pay, people, Persecution, personal, petitioners, Philippines, planned, police, policies, political, preachers, preaching, prepared, President, prevented, prison, produced, progress, propaganda, property, published, raised, receiving, recent, reduce, refused, regulations, religions, religious, religious freedom, remarks, repression, required, respected, restrain, restrictions, Rev, rights, second, secretively, security, selection, senior, sent, sentenced, series, sign, significant, slight, South Africa, spokesman, staff, state, State Administration for Religious Affairs, state-controlled, state-snactioned, statement, stationed, Switzerland, target, third, Third Lausanna International Congress on World Evangelization, threaten, threatened, Three-Self Patriotic Movement, Three-Self Protestant Movement, under, unprecedented, upper, USA, Uyghur, watchers, winner, without, wronged, Xing Jingfu, Xinhua, Xinjiang, Zhang Mingxuan | Leave a comment
News reports of persecution and other information posted here does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the 'Blog Author-Master.'
ADMINISTRATION LINKS
Search Random Thoughts
ALP Australia Bill Shorten Boko Haram bushfires China Christianity Communism crime disaster Donald Trump economy Egypt Health and Fitness Hinduism India Indonesia Iran Iraq ISIL - Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant Islam Liberal Party Malcolm Turnbull National Party news New South Wales Nigeria Pakistan Politics Queensland Roman Catholicism Russia Scott Morrison Syria United Kingdom USA Victoria video War War on Terror
ALP arrested article attack Australia authorities children China Christian Christianity Christians church churches Coalition Communism communist communists community coronavirus country district Donald Trump economy election faith family fitness government group health Hindu Hinduism Hindus India Iran Islam Islamic killed Labor Party law leaders Liberal Party local media members Muslim muslims National Party new news New South Wales NSW officials Pakistan Pastor people Persecution police Politics President religion religious Scott Morrison security state Syria United Kingdom USA vaccine Victoria video violence War women worship
Archives Select Month December 2021 (1) October 2021 (58) September 2021 (102) August 2021 (213) July 2021 (153) June 2021 (68) May 2021 (119) April 2021 (113) March 2021 (100) February 2021 (29) January 2021 (97) December 2020 (103) November 2020 (141) October 2020 (170) September 2020 (182) August 2020 (217) July 2020 (217) June 2020 (123) May 2020 (212) April 2020 (233) March 2020 (193) February 2020 (75) January 2020 (89) December 2019 (58) November 2019 (55) October 2019 (89) September 2019 (48) August 2019 (68) July 2019 (93) June 2019 (101) May 2019 (29) April 2019 (111) March 2019 (98) February 2019 (84) January 2019 (74) December 2018 (34) November 2018 (96) October 2018 (39) September 2018 (65) August 2018 (125) July 2018 (46) June 2018 (75) May 2018 (95) April 2018 (104) March 2018 (63) February 2018 (80) January 2018 (60) December 2017 (59) November 2017 (94) October 2017 (101) September 2017 (67) August 2017 (61) July 2017 (89) June 2017 (82) May 2017 (84) April 2017 (52) March 2017 (51) February 2017 (38) January 2017 (29) December 2016 (2) November 2016 (10) October 2016 (15) September 2016 (51) August 2016 (14) July 2016 (17) June 2016 (46) May 2016 (53) April 2016 (8) March 2016 (38) February 2016 (33) January 2016 (27) December 2015 (55) November 2015 (54) October 2015 (71) September 2015 (87) August 2015 (106) July 2015 (87) June 2015 (117) May 2015 (64) April 2015 (73) March 2015 (100) February 2015 (103) January 2015 (172) December 2014 (162) November 2014 (94) October 2014 (105) September 2014 (63) August 2014 (25) July 2014 (81) June 2014 (49) May 2014 (35) April 2014 (51) March 2014 (45) February 2014 (57) January 2014 (43) December 2013 (33) November 2013 (109) October 2013 (122) September 2013 (104) August 2013 (138) July 2013 (256) June 2013 (155) May 2013 (142) April 2013 (175) March 2013 (186) February 2013 (51) January 2013 (48) December 2012 (24) October 2012 (72) September 2012 (76) August 2012 (24) July 2012 (87) June 2012 (79) May 2012 (50) April 2012 (69) March 2012 (42) February 2012 (18) January 2012 (34) December 2011 (12) June 2011 (21) April 2011 (26) March 2011 (28) February 2011 (23) January 2011 (28) December 2010 (17) November 2010 (15) October 2010 (70) September 2010 (118) August 2010 (30) July 2010 (28) June 2010 (40) May 2010 (65) April 2010 (65) March 2010 (43) February 2010 (33) January 2010 (50) December 2009 (81) November 2009 (69) October 2009 (44) September 2009 (21) August 2009 (65) July 2009 (7) June 2009 (58) May 2009 (49) April 2009 (61) March 2009 (68) February 2009 (84) January 2009 (42) December 2008 (32) November 2008 (47) October 2008 (101) September 2008 (125) August 2008 (53) July 2008 (19) June 2008 (5) May 2008 (1) April 2008 (2) March 2008 (4) January 2008 (1) December 2007 (4) November 2007 (2) October 2007 (2) August 2007 (4) July 2007 (9) June 2007 (24) May 2007 (13) January 2006 (7) May 2005 (1) February 2005 (1) January 2005 (1) December 2004 (1) November 2004 (1) August 2004 (2) July 2004 (6) June 2004 (2) May 2004 (2) March 2004 (7) February 2004 (1) January 2004 (2) December 2003 (2) October 2003 (3) September 2003 (3) July 2003 (2) April 2002 (3)
At The BookShelf
Kevin's Wilderness and Travels
Kevin's Daily Photo, Video, Quote or Link
Kevin's Walk on the Wildside
Tea Gardens Particular Baptist Church
The particularbaptist.com Blog
Tracing our History
Kevin's Portal
Kevin's Family – History Site
Kevin's Wilderness Journeys
particularbaptist.com
Categories Select Category 1 Corinthians (4) 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith (2) A Memoir of the Life and Writings of Andrew Fuller – Thomas Ekins Fuller (8) A.B. de Villiers (1) Aaron Finch (2) ABC (28) Abkhazia (1) Aborigines (39) abortion (11) Aby Sayyaf (1) Aceh (4) activism (8) Acts (1) Adam Bandt (1) Adam Hoek (1) Adele (1) Aden (5) adoption (1) AEGON Championships (1) Afghanistan (133) Africa (127) African Inland Church (1) African Union (7) Aged Care/Retirement Villages (43) AGL (1) agriculture (17) Ahlu Sunna Waljamer (1) aid (8) AIDS/HIV (8) Al Jazeera (1) Al Qaeda (104) al Shabaab (98) al-Nusra Front (5) Alan Jones (7) Alan Tudge (3) Alaska (4) Albania (1) Albert Mohler Jr. (1) Albert N. Martin (1) Alex Hales (1) Algeria (27) Alice Springs (1) Alistair Cook (2) ALP (532) Amazon (1) American Civil War (1) American Samoa (1) Amnesty International (1) Anabaptists (1) Andrew Broad (1) Andrew Constance (3) Andrew Fuller (9) Andrew Hastie (2) Andrew Laming (2) Andrew Peacock (1) Android (1) Anglesea (1) Anglicans (35) Angus Taylor (5) Animal Welfare (1) Anna Bligh (1) Annastacia Palaszczuk (35) Anonymous (1) Ansar Beit al-Maqdis (1) Ansaru (6) Ansarullah Bangla Team (ABT) (3) Antarctica (3) Antelopes (1) Anthony Albanese (67) APEC (3) Apple (9) Apps (20) apps (25) Apps/Ebooks (1) AQAP (1) Archaeology (15) Arctic (3) Argentina (17) Ariana Grande (1) Arianism (1) Arizona (2) Armenia (23) Arminianism (1) Art (8) Arthurs Creek (1) Arts (10) Ashes (25) Ashton Agar (2) Asia (27) Assemblies of God (39) At the BookShelf (1) atheism (10) Atherton (2) Atlanta (2) Australia (4,400) Australia A (1) Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (44) Australian Conservatives (7) Australian Dollar (The Aussie Battler) (1) Australian News (Flipboard) (2) Australian News (online magazine) (3) Austria (4) Azerbaijan (23) Bahai (10) Bahama Islands (1) Bahrain (12) Bali (7) Ballarat (1) Balls of Steel (1) Balmoral (1) Ban Ki-moon (1) Bangladesh (79) Baptist (74) Barack Obama (20) Barnaby Joyce (77) Barrack Obama (13) Barrington Tops National Park (5) Barry O'Farrell (3) Bashar al-Assad (57) Beatitudes (1) Bedouin (1) Beechworth (1) Belarus (18) Belgium (17) Belgrave (1) Belgrave Heights (1) Belgrave South (1) Bell (1) Bellingen (3) Benin (1) Benny Hinn (2) Better Place (1) Bhutan (21) Bible (75) Bible Society (1) Bible Studies (2) Biblical Baptist Church (1) Big Bash League (2) Bill Clinton (1) Bill Cosby (2) Bill Gates (1) Bill Shorten (209) Billy Graham Evangelistic Association (4) Bilpin (2) Birdsville (1) Blackheath (1) Blanch (1) Blogging (36) Blue Mountains (18) Bob Brown (1) Bob Carr (3) Bob Hawke (4) Bob Hawke (4) Bob Katter (6) Boko Haram (186) Bolivia (3) Books (21) Bosnia (3) Boston (7) Bougainville (1) Bourke (2) Brad Haddin (2) Bradley Manning (4) Bradley Manning (3) Brazil (50) Brethren (Church) (9) Brett Lee (3) Brian Burston (3) Bridget McKenzie (6) Brisbane (11) Brisbane Heat (1) Brittany Cairns (1) Broken Hill (2) Bronwyn Bishop (2) Brunei (6) Buddhism (106) Buildings (11) Bukina Faso (2) Bulahdelah (8) Bulgaria (2) Bullarto (1) Bullarto South (1) Bullying (3) Bundaberg (1) Bundaberg (1) Bunyip (2) Burkina Faso (5) Burundi (8) Bush Heritage Australia (1) bushfires (218) Bushwalking (18) Buxton (1) Cairns (3) California (17) California (4) Callignee (1) Callignee Upper (1) Cambodia (23) Cameron Bancroft (3) Cameroon (12) Campbell Newman (6) Canada (130) Canberra (38) Canberra (41) Car and vehicle accidents (other) (2) Car Crash – 22 February 2008 (4) Career/Job/Work (4) Carly Rae Jepson (1) Cassy O'Connor (1) Catalonia (7) Cathy McGowan (3) celebs (15) Central African Republic (31) Central America (2) Chad (7) Chaldean Church (4) Champagne (1) Champion's Trophy (1) Channel 7 (1) Charismatic (8) Charles Haddon Spurgeon (5) Charles Joseph Mahaney (2) Chaser (2) Chernobyl (1) Chestnut-breasted Mannikin (1) Child Labour (8) Children (88) Chile (11) China (624) Chris Bowden (8) Chris Minns (1) Chris Tremlett (1) Christchurch (4) Christian Liberty (2) Christian Porter (11) Christian Science (3) Christianity (3,022) Christianity Today (2) Christine Milne (2) Christmas (64) Christmas Island (8) Christopher Pyne (9) Church Growth Movement (16) Church History (28) Church of Christ (14) Church of England (20) Churchill (1) CIA (1) Clive Palmer (30) Clonbinane (2) Coffs Harbour (3) Coldplay (2) Coles (3) Colin Barnett (4) Colo Heights (1) Colombia (18) Colorado (2) Commonwealth (2) Communications (15) Communism (360) Comoros (2) Computers (26) Concetta Fierravanti-Wells (1) Confessions and Catechisms (2) Confucianism (7) Connecticut (4) Cooktown (5) Copyright (1) Corindhap (1) Cornwall (1) Corsica (1) Cory Bernardi (5) Costa Rica (1) Craig Kelly (5) Craig Laundy (1) Craig Thomson (3) creation (16) Creeds (1) cricket (95) Cricket Monthly (3) crime (222) Crimea (5) Croatia (5) Cuba (31) Cults (36) culture (12) Cyprus (16) Czech Republic (1) Dagestan (1) Dagestan (1) Dan Tehan (3) Dandenong Ranges National Park (2) Daniel Andrews (35) Darren Chester (2) Darren Lehmann (1) Darren Percival (3) Darwin (4) data (2) Dave Sharma (4) David Feeney (5) David Gillespie (3) David Leyonhjelm (3) David Nalbandian (1) David Warner (8) Dean Smith (1) death penalty (1) Deb Frecklington (9) Defence (63) Democratic Republic of Congo (17) Denmark (13) Dereel (1) disaster (230) Djibouti (4) Domestic Violence (8) Dominic Perrottet (1) Don Burke (2) Donald Trump (464) Dorrigo (2) drought (17) DRS (1) Drugs (26) Dudley (2) dust storm (2) Eaglehawk (2) Earthquake (111) East Africa Pentecostal Church (1) East Timor (12) Easter (3) eBay (3) Ebook Readers (1) Ebooks (1) economy (1,247) Ecuador (8) Ed Cowan (1) Eddie Obeid (1) Edgbaston Station (1) Education (100) Edward Snowden (5) Egypt (243) El Salvador (2) electric cars (1) electricity (85) Elevation Church (1) Emma Husar (4) Emmerson Mnangagwa (4) Employment/Work (69) England (71) Enoch Point (1) entertainment (1) Environment (71) Episcopal Church of the U. S. (6) Eritrea (48) Eschatology (2) Estonia (5) Etc (1) Ethics (9) Ethiopia (52) Etsy (1) Europe (15) European Union (124) Euthanasia (4) Evangelical Church in Germany (1) evangelism (16) Evolution (13) F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (1) Facebook (62) Facebook (11) fake news (24) Falkland Islands (2) Falun Gong (5) Family (9) famine (3) FARC (6) Fashion (9) Fawad Ahmed (1) Fidel Castro (3) Fiji (10) Finland (8) Fiona Nash (10) flooding (11) Florida (4) Florida (4) Flowerdale (2) Focus on the Family (1) Food & Drink (106) Food Banks (1) Football / Soccer (7) Fracking (4) France (130) Fraser Anning (4) Fraser Island (2) Freedom of Information (1) freedom of speech (7) friends (18) Full Gospel Church (4) Full Gospel Churches of Kenya (1) Fun (124) G20 (17) G7 (3) gambia (1) Game (2) Gardez (1) Gareth Evans (1) Gaza (8) Genealogy (3) General (81) Genocide (10) George Bailey (2) George Brandis (5) George Christensen (2) George Pell (4) George W. Bush (6) George Whitefield (1) Georgia (10) Georgia (4) Georgina Downer (5) German Protestant Church (1) Germany (80) GetUp (1) Ghana (8) Gipsland (2) Gladys Berejiklian (26) Glen Maxwell (1) Gloucester (6) Gloucester Tops (2) God (11) Gold Coast (1) Golden Orb Weaver Spider (1) Gonski Reforms (12) Google (54) gospel (4) Gough Whitlam (1) Gough Whitlam (1) Grace Baptist Mission (2) Grace Mugabe (2) Grantham (1) Great Ocean Road (3) Greece (34) Greenhouse gases (6) Greenland (2) Greens (95) Greg Combet (1) Greg Hunt (4) Greg Pearce (1) Guam (2) Guantanamo Bay (4) Guatemala (3) Guinea (5) Gun Control (14) Gympie (1) Haiti (15) Hamas (35) Hamish and Andy (12) Hawaii (2) Hawkins Masonic Village (22) Hay (1) Hazel Hawke (1) Hazeldene (1) Hazelwood (1) Healesville (5) Health and Fitness (2,762) Heathcote Junction (2) Heatherbrae (3) Helen Haines (1) hell (2) Heresy (22) Hervey Bay (2) Hezbollah (32) Hillsong (7) Hinduism (329) History (13) Hizb-ut-Tahrir (2) Hoarding (7) Hobart (1) Holden (2) Hollywood (1) Holocaust (1) Holy Spirit (4) Homosexuality (64) Honduras (2) Hong Kong (37) Horticulture (4) Hosni Mubarak (2) housing (54) Huey Lewis and the News (1) Hugh Latimer (1) Human Rights (31) Humevale (1) Hungary (5) Hyper-Calvinism (1) Ian Bell (1) Ian Paisley (2) Iceland (6) Illinois (1) immigration (24) Imran Khan (2) Independent (21) India (541) Indian Ocean (3) Indonesia (223) infographic (12) Informed Insight (1) Instagram (5) International Criminal Court (2) Internet (160) Into Darkness (2) iOS 7 (1) iPhone (3) Iran (336) Iraq (217) Ireland (7) ISIL – Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (258) Islam (2,214) Islamic Defender' Front (12) Israel (143) Italy (58) Ivanhoe (1) Ivory Coast (1) J-20 Fighter (China) (1) J. C. Ryle (4) Jabhat al-Nusra (2) Jacinda Ardern (18) Jackson Bird (1) Jacqui Lambie (11) Jalalabad (1) Jamaat-e-Islami (1) Jamatul Mujahideen Bangladesh (4) James Ashby (6) James Faulkner (2) James I. Packer (3) James McGrath (1) James Paterson (1) James Pattinson (1) James Stalker (1) James White (2) Jan Fabre (1) Japan (90) Jay Weatherill (7) Jeeralang (1) Jeff Bezos (1) Jehovah's Witnesses (4) Jemaah Islamiyah (3) Jenny Mikakos (1) Jessica Watson (2) Jesus Christ (18) Jesus People USA (1) Jews (40) Jews for Jesus (1) Joe Biden (127) Joe Hockey (4) Joe Root (1) Joel Fitzgibbon (1) John (3) John Alexander (7) John Barilaro (7) John Brumby (1) John Bunyan (2) John Calvin (10) John Carlile (1) John Clarke (4) John Clarke (3) John Foxe (1) John Howard (3) John L. Dagg (2) John Macarthur (26) John McCain (2) John Piper (30) John Robertson (2) John the Baptist (1) joke (48) Jordan (21) Josh Frydenberg (41) Journalism (65) Judaism (3) Julia Banks (2) Julia Gillard (17) Julian Assange (7) Julie Bishop (14) Kaballah (1) Kabul (1) Kalgoorlie (1) Kamala Harris (1) Kansas (1) Karen Andrews (1) Karise Eden (1) Karuah (1) Kashmir (9) Kashmir (8) Katoomba (1) Katter's Australian Party (16) Katy Gallagher (6) Kazakhstan (39) Keith Wolahan (1) Kelly O'Dwyer (4) Ken Wyatt (4) Kentucky (2) Kenya (89) Kerry Stokes (1) Kerryn Phelps (6) Kevin Andrews (2) Kevin Matthews (68) Kevin Rudd (63) Kevin's Walk on the Wild Side (1) Kevin's Wilderness Journeys (7) Kilmore (4) Kim Beazley (1) Kim Jong Un (27) Kimberley region (1) Kinglake (4) Kinglake West (1) Kogan (1) Koornalla (1) Kosovo (1) Kristina Keneally (9) Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) (13) Kurds (18) Kuwait (5) Kyrgyzstan (4) Labertouche (1) Lachlan Matthews (1) Laerdal Tunnel (1) Lake Macquarie (3) Lake Munmorah (3) Lalor (1) Lane Chaplin (1) Lane Cove (1) language (4) Laos (53) Larry Anthony (1) Las Vegas (4) Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (1) Latvia (6) Law and Legislation (32) Lebanon (58) Lee Rhiannon (3) Leonards Hill (1) Lesotho (1) Liberal Democrats (3) Liberal National Party (27) Liberal Party (821) liberalism (4) Liberia (5) Libya (52) Licia Heath (1) Lincoln (1) Linda Reynolds (2) Litchfield National Park (1) Lithgow (4) Lithuania (5) Little Becky (1) Little Britain (1) Local Government (1) Lord Howe Island (1) Lord's Resistance Army (3) Lord's Supper (4) Louis Farrakhan (1) Love (1) Lowland Bongo (1) Loyalty Islands (1) Lucinda (1) Luis Palau (2) Luke Foley (5) Lutheran (22) Macau (1) Macedonia (2) Mackay (1) Macquarie Capital (1) Mad as Hell (2) Madagascar (4) Malala (1) Malawi (2) Malaysia (84) Malcolm Fraser (5) Malcolm Roberts (6) Malcolm Turnbull (239) Maldives (8) Mali (28) Mallacoota (1) Manus Island (23) Maoists (2) Margaret Thatcher (3) Marise Payne (5) Mark Driscoll (10) Mark Latham (2) Mark Latham (1) Mark McGowan (7) Mark Waugh (1) marriage (25) Mars (3) Mars Hill Church (8) Martin Luther (4) Marysville (14) Massachusetts (8) Mathias Cormann (11) Matt Canavan (10) Matt Damon (1) Matthew (1) Matthew Guy (11) Mauritania (5) McCain-Palin Campaign (1) Media (109) Melbourne (117) Melbourne Stars (1) Mennonite (6) mental illness (95) Mercury (1) Methodist (9) Mexico (56) Mia Davies (1) Michael Clarke (8) Michael Daley (8) Michael Hussey (1) Michael Kroger (1) Michael McCormack (16) Michael Sukkar (1) Michaelia Cash (4) Michigan (1) Mickey Arthur (1) Microsoft (2) Middle East (45) Mike Baird (3) Mining/Oil (47) Missouri (1) Missouri (2) Mitchell Johnson (2) Mitchell Starc (1) Modesty (1) Moe (3) Moldova (2) Mongolia (3) moon (6) Moon Jae-in (2) Moonie Faith (1) Moreton Island (1) Morgan Freeman (1) Mormans (5) Morocco (19) Morris Iemma (1) Moses Henriques (1) Motoring Enthusiasts Party (2) Movie (30) Mozambique (4) MS Dhoni (2) Mudgegonga (1) Muhammad Ali (1) Murrindindi (2) music (21) Musk (1) Muslim Brotherhood (27) Myanmar (80) Namibia (1) Narbethong (3) Nathan Lyon (1) Nathan Rees (1) Nathan Tinkler (3) Nation of Islam (2) National Liberation Army (1) National Parks (2) National Party (641) NATO (14) Nauru (16) Nawaz Sharif (1) Nelson Mandela (3) Nepal (67) Nepal Defense Army (5) Netherlands/Holland (34) Nevada (1) Nevada (4) New Caledonia (3) New Horizons (1) New Jersey (1) New Mexico (1) New South Wales (387) New York (14) New Zealand (163) Newbury (2) Newcastle (2) news (7,268) Newtown (4) Nicaragua (4) Nick Xenophon (8) Nick Xenophon Team (24) Nicola Roxon (1) Niger (21) Nigeria (248) Nine Network (7) Norfolk Island (1) North Korea (140) North Pole (2) North Queensland First (1) Northern Ireland (3) Northern Territory (28) Northlake's Reformed Baptist Church (9) Norway (10) Nova Peris (1) NRMA (1) NSW (6) NSW (2) nuclear weapons (3) Obituary (16) ODI (3) ODI World Cup (1) OECD (3) Oklahoma (5) Oklahoma City (4) Olympic Games (19) Oman (5) Omar al-Beshir (1) One Nation (105) One World Trade Center (1) Ontario (2) Open Doors (24) Oregon (1) Orthodox (131) Osama Bin Laden (4) Oscar Pistorius (1) Pacific Highway (3) Pacific Region (8) Paganism (4) Pakistan (374) Palestine (45) Palmer United Party (14) Panama (2) Papua New Guinea (42) Paris Jackson (1) Parler (3) Particular and Reformed Baptist Home Fellowship Network (2) Particular and/or Reformed Baptist (11) Particular Baptist Studies (2) Particular Kev's Random Thoughts (6) particularbaptist.com (33) Pastoral Ministry (24) Pat Cummins (1) Patagonia (1) Paul Keating (4) Pauline Hanson (29) Peats Ridge (1) Pedophilia (3) Pennsylvania (1) Penny Wong (1) Pentecostalism (54) Perth (3) Perth Scorchers (1) Peru (10) Peter Dutton (57) Peter FitzSimons (1) Peter Garrett (1) Peter Greste (2) Peter Gutwein (5) Peter Harvey (1) Peter Siddle (2) Peter Slipper (5) Petrol (10) Pets (2) Phil Hughes (8) Phil Johnson (3) Philip Nitschke (1) Philip Seymour Hoffman (1) Philippines (36) photos (2) Pinterest (1) Piracy (4) plants (1) Plinky Prompts (54) PLO (1) Pluto (1) Pocket Spacecraft (1) Pokemon Go (1) Poland (6) Politics (2,285) Polyamory (1) Pornography (6) Poro (1) Port Macquarie (1) Port Stephens (3) Portugal (5) Poverty (11) prank (24) Prank Calls (1) preaching (12) Presbyterian (18) privacy (10) Productivity (1) providence (3) Pul-e-Alam (1) QAnon (1) Qatar (13) Quebec (1) Queensland (199) Quentin Bryce (1) R.C. Sproul (1) Rachael Leahcar (4) Racism (41) Rahul Dravid (1) rambling (1) Random (1) Random Ramble (2) Raymond Terrace (2) RAZZIE Awards (1) Rebecca Morris (9) Rebecca White (5) Rebekha Sharkie (13) Reddit (3) Redfin Blue-Eye Fish (1) Redhead (1) reformation (9) Reformed (31) Reformed Particular Baptist Fellowship (5) Refugees (152) Regeneration (2) religion (2) renewable energy (69) retirement (6) Reunion Island (3) Richard Dawkins (2) Richie Benaud (2) Richie Benaud (1) Rick Warren (1) Ricky Ponting (1) Rob Stokes (1) Robert Menzies (1) Robert Mugabe (10) Robert Murray McCheyne (2) Robert Traill (2) Rod Culleton (1) Rokewood (1) Roman Catholicism (230) Romania (4) Romans (3) Roy & HG (1) Royal Family (5) Rugby League (26) Rupert Murdoch (9) Russia (226) Rwanda (7) SA-BEST (7) Sachin Tendulkar (2) Salespeople (1) Salt Ash (1) salvation (12) Salvation Army (3) Sam Dastyari (6) Sam Storms (1) Samoa (3) San Francisco (2) Sandemanianism (2) Sarah De Bono (2) Sarah Hanson-Young (3) Sarah Palin (4) satire (1) Saudi Arabia (74) sausages (1) Sawtell (1) SBS (2) Scandals (1) science and research (73) Scientology (2) Scotland (18) Scott Morrison (351) Scott Ryan (1) Sean Parker (1) Seattle (4) Senegal (7) Senkaku Islands (2) Serbia (6) sermon (14) Seventh-Day Adventistism (6) sex (20) sexting (1) Seychelles (2) Shabab-e-Milli (1) Shane Watson (3) Sharks (1) Shaun Marsh (1) Shaun Micallef (1) Shirley Temple (1) Shooters and Fishers (3) Shops & Shopping (42) Short Film (9) Siding Spring Observatory (2) Sierra Leone (1) Sikh (5) Sikkim (2) Simon Birmingham (1) Simon Crean (4) sin (4) Sinai (3) Sinclair Ferguson (1) Singapore (25) Singleton (1) Sipah-e-Sahaba (1) Sky News (1) Skye Kakoschke-Moore (1) Slavery (8) Slovenia (3) Smartphones (31) Snail Mail (1) Sochi (1) social networking (85) Society (49) Soeharto (1) Solomon Islands (2) Somalia (101) South Africa (45) South America (3) South Australia (101) South Carolina (1) South China Sea (11) South Korea (71) South Ossetia (3) South Sudan (37) Southern Baptist (12) Southern Highlands (1) Space (73) Spain (61) Special Days (72) sport (145) Spotify (3) Springwood (4) Sri Lanka (56) St George (1) St. Andrews (1) Star Trek (2) Stargate (1) State of Origin (2) Steels Creek (1) Stephen Harper (1) Steve Ciobo (1) Steve Dickson (4) Steve Fossett (2) Steve Martin (2) Steve Martin (1) Steve O'Keefe (1) Steve Smith (5) Steven Marshall (6) Stonewall Jackson (1) Strathewen (1) Stuart Broad (2) Sudan (96) Susan Boyle (1) Susan Lamb (2) Susan Ryan (1) Susan Ryan (1) Sussan Ley (1) Sweden (24) Switzerland (15) Sydney (79) Sydney Sixers (1) Syria (280) Tablets (2) Taggerty (2) Taiwan (12) Tajikistan (10) Taliban (124) Tamil Tigers (3) Tanya Plibersek (4) Tanzania (29) Taoism (7) Tasmania (43) Taylor Swift (1) Tea Gardens (2) Technology (88) Tecoma (1) Telangana (1) television (55) Ten Network (2) Tennessee (3) Tennis (7) Tenterfield (2) Texas (7) Texas (2) Thailand (53) Thank God You're Here (1) The Chaser's War on Everything (10) The Church (56) The Corrs (1) The Gospel Coalition (1) The Preacher and His Models – James Stalker (1) The Sunday Assembly (2) The Voice (Australia) (6) Theology (17) Thomas Muthee (1) Thora (2) Tibet (7) TikTok (7) Tim Fischer (2) Tim Fischer (2) Tim Murray (1) Tim Storer (1) Tim Wilson (1) Tobacco (1) Tom Wright (1) Tomago (2) Tonga (1) Tony Abbott (101) Tony Burke (3) Tony Windsor (5) Toowombah (3) tourism (29) Townsville (2) transport (53) travel (91) tsunami (1) Tunisia (19) Turkey (147) Turkmenistan (10) Tweed Heads (1) Twenty20 (4) Twitter (24) Uganda (37) Ukraine (63) Uncategorized (54) Union of the Comoros (1) Unions (1) United Arab Emirates (17) United Australia Party (UAP) (15) United Kingdom (355) United Methodist (1) United Nations (118) United Patriots Front (UPF) (1) Uniting Church (2) Upwey (1) Uruguay (1) USA (1,291) Usman Khawaja (3) Utah (3) Uzbekistan (41) V.V.S. Laxman (1) Vanuatu (8) Vatican City (3) Venezuela (11) Venus (1) Victoria (442) video (3,106) Vietnam (90) Virgin Galactic (3) Vladimer Putin (17) Voice of the Martyrs (96) volcano (12) Voluntary Euthanasia Party (1) Voyager 1 (1) Voyager 2 (1) Wales (1) Walter Kasper (1) Wandong (2) War (430) War on Terror (494) Warburton (1) Warren Mundine (1) Warrumbungle National Park (4) Washington (1) Washington (4) Washington DC (2) Water (11) Wauchope (1) Weather (118) Web Application (9) Weird (13) Weird Al Yankovic (1) welfare (36) West (3) West Indies (7) West Papua (8) Western Australia (74) Western Plains Zoo (1) Western Sahara (1) White Ribbon Day (2) Whitsunday Islands (1) Whittlesea (3) who (67) Wierd (14) Wikileaks (8) Wilcannia (1) wildlife (12) Will Hodgman (3) Williamtown (2) Wilsons Promontory National Park (3) Wilton (1) Windows 11 (1) wine (4) Winmalee (4) Women (78) Woodburn (1) work (18) World Bank (1) World Evangelical Alliance (1) World Heritage Area (1) World Vision (5) World War 1 (1) World War 2 (3) Yahoo (1) Yale Lectures on Preaching (1) Yanderra (1) Yarra Glen (1) Yarram (1) Yemen (48) youtube (3) YouVersion – The Bible App (1) Zak Kirkup (5) Zali Steggall (5) Zambia (4) Zapatista National Liberation Army (2) Zimbabwe (21) Zorastrian (4)
Tweeting Thoughts!!!
31% done with Inca Gold, by Clive Cussler goodreads.com/user_status/sh… 20 hours ago
4 of 5 stars to Sahara by Clive Cussler goodreads.com/review/show?id… 1 day ago
95% done with Sahara, by Clive Cussler goodreads.com/user_status/sh… 1 week ago
66% done with Sahara, by Clive Cussler goodreads.com/user_status/sh… 2 weeks ago