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Home > Children's > Authors
Q & A with Tim Federle
By Sue Corbett |
Tim Federle garnered acclaim for his middle-grade novels about Nate Foster, a Broadway child actor, but the first book he ever wrote was a roman a clef for adult readers. It didn't get published – until now, recast as The Great American Whatever (Simon & Schuster), Federle's first YA. Bookshelf spoke with him about the zigzag path his writing career has taken since the 2013 debut of Better Nate Than Ever.
You started out as a dancer on Broadway. Did you secretly harbor a desire to be a novelist?
When I was working on Broadway as an associate choreographer for the kids in Billy Elliot I met someone who told me, 'I really think you're a writer.' The moment I heard that it was as if I had been handed the sword and finally learned what my quest would be.
I decided to try to write an adult novel – in the old days I used to call them just novels – titled Quinn, Victorious, that starred a version of all the major characters who now appear in The Great American Whatever, only in the original manuscript Quinn was 25, lived in New York City, and was dreading the 10th anniversary of his sister Annabeth's death. I submitted it to [agent] Brenda Bowen, who told me, 'I think you should consider writing for kids.' Which I did. Better Nate Than Ever was born out of that.
Two middle grades, a picture book, and a trilogy of punnily titled cocktail recipe books later, what made you decide to return to Quinn's story?
What happened was Nate was a debut novel that did really well so Simon & Schuster signed me up for a bunch of books, including a series....
The Theater Kids Chronicles?
Right, which was pitched at a slightly younger audience than the Nate books. I started writing the first one and I found myself sort of imitating kids' voices. There was something not as natural as I wanted about it, so I stepped away from it. I was working on a lot of very different things at the time, including writing a screenplay for the first Nate book. Somewhere along the way, I discovered I could see a way back to Quinn if I wrote it for teenagers. So I asked my editor [David Gale] if I could take a break from middle grade and he gave me his blessing.
Where did the idea come from to produce an annotated version of the galley?
Well, I write from a very autobiographical place – Annabeth's death was inspired by a true event at my high school in Pittsburgh – a friend of mine named Ellie Batz died in a car accident when we were both teenagers. David [Gale] has a very smart assistant, Liz Kossnar, who had the idea that it would be fun to add marginalia to the galley about what was true or what the backstory was to all the things that happen to Quinn. She suggested I go through the manuscript and highlight little funny facts for the in-house staff and the sales reps, really just to help them get to know me a little better. But when it was distributed to the staff it was such a hit that they decided to send it out to some of the booksellers who have been so supportive of me – Inkwood Books, Little Shop of Horrors, Oblong Books. And it was really well received by them, too. Cristin Stickles [children's and YA buyer at NYC's McNally Jackson Books] tweeted, "Can everybody annotate their galleys, please?" It wound up being a big success.
Quinn is an aspiring filmmaker and part of the novel is written in screenplay form. Has there been any film interest yet?
There has been, actually, but we're a little early in the process to talk about it. But I was working on TGAW while I was editing the screenplay I wrote for the first Nate book, although we haven't sold the rights to that yet because I started to think that maybe it would make more sense to write a musical based on Nate. In fact, I was trying to figure out how to write musicals when I got this offer from Tuck Everlasting, which was so extraordinary, and means I've now circled back around to where I began: Broadway musicals.
Yes – you are credited as the co-writer for the musical theater adaptation of Tuck Everlasting, based on the book by Natalie Babbitt. How did that come about?
I have known the director, Casey Nicholaw, who also choreographed and directed The Book of Mormon, for 10 years. Essentially, we are both recovering chorus boys. I saw him over the summer and he said, 'We've been working on Tuck for seven years and we're finally coming to Broadway. [The show starts previews at the Broadhurst Theatre on March 31.] Would you consider giving us a fresh perspective on the script?' When you work on something for that long, you can't see it clearly anymore. So I was hired to help refresh it and ask questions and edit but it grew into a co-writing role [with playwright Claudia Shear] and it's thrilling. This is so insiderish but when I wrote the sequel to Nate [Five, Six, Seven, Nate!], where Nate actually gets to be in a Broadway show, I set the rehearsals in the New 42nd Street Studios which are just gorgeous and where we are now holding rehearsals for Tuck. So, all these years later, I'm back in the studios where I set Five, Six Seven, Nate!
A bit of synchronicity!
And there's a young man dancing in the ensemble for Tuck who was one of the boys in Billy Elliot when I worked on that.
Is this return to theater bad news for those readers who are holding out hope for a third Nate book?
I am very, very seriously thinking up ideas for a third and final Nate book. I think I owe the world and myself one more. What I really think it means is that you can have lots of careers. It relates to Quinn in that, here's this classic film buff who doesn't think he can go on making his films without Annabeth, who'd been his partner. When I was younger, I would get into this mindset that if I don't have this one particular thing, I'd never make it. If I can't sing this high note, or I wear the wrong outfit to an audition, I'm doomed. I would get in my own way. The joy of writing for teenagers is to show them the fallacy of that. Things did not quite go the way I wanted them to but it turned out fine. When I look back on the last five years I think, 'How did that happen?' But I am a really curious person and a really driven person and I think some of that had to do with Ellie Batz's death.
Wait. Really?
Yes. Before Ellie died, I was this cocky class clown. I had a vague plan about dancing and starring on Broadway, but I was lazy. Then Ellie died and I realized, 'Holy Moly. That could've been me. I'm not going to live forever.' And that changed my life. I committed myself to becoming a dancer. Dancing's a blast but of course you can't dance forever, so there was going to have to be a second act, which is what I'm doing now. Not what I planned but, also, kind of great.
The Great American Whatever. Tim Federle. Simon and Schuster, $17.99 Mar. ISBN 978-1-4814-0409-9
PW KidsCast: A Conversation with Katie Green
British author-illustrator Katie Green discusses her graphic memoir 'Lighter Than My Shadow,' which traces her long struggle with and recovery from anorexia, as well as why telling the story visually was so important.
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Le Roi Mystère est une mini-série franco-belgo-suisse, en 4 épisodes de 90 minutes, créée par Marcel Jullian d'après le roman éponyme de Gaston Leroux et réalisée par Paul Planchon et diffusée du 23 avril au  sur FR3.

Synopsis
Adapté d'un roman-feuilleton de Gaston Leroux paru en 1908 dans le journal Le Matin, Le Roi Mystère raconte l'histoire d'une vengeance d'un mystérieux chef de bande, roi des catacombes, envers une conjuration d'hommes influents du Second Empire.

Distribution
Christopher Bowen : Le Roi Mystère / Robert Pascal
Philippe Bouclet : Sinnamari
Aurelle Doazan : Gabrielle Desjardies
Éva Mazauric : Liliane d'Anjou
Piéral : Mac Callan
Dominique Pinon : Cassecou
Fred Ulysse : le condamné à mort sauvé.

Épisodes
 La Guillotine
 Le Perroquet
 La Dent creuse
 Le Châtiment

Lien externe

Série télévisée créée en 1991
Série télévisée française des années 1990
Adaptation d'une œuvre de Gaston Leroux à la télévision
Mini-série belge
Mini-série suisse
Mini-série française
Série télévisée de FR3
Série télévisée belge des années 1990
Série télévisée suisse des années 1990
Adaptation d'un roman français à la télévision
Roi de fiction

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Whitney Peak is Reno's first non-gaming, non-smoking, independent hotel. Whitney Peak is centrally located just two blocks from the beautiful Truckee River Walk and adjacent to the historic Reno Arch. Featuring 310 guest rooms with panoramic views of the Sierra, the accommodations are a relaxing spot for attendees to gather themselves before a full day at the Women's Leadership Summit, or break away to after a full day of insights and education.
The Third Floor is more than just hotel conference rooms. It's a setting designed to lift spirits, inspire camaraderie, and elevate engagement – a place where creativity, collaboration, and business can mingle. This exceptional space will provide a chic but highly functional backdrop for the Women's Leadership Summit.
Traveling with your pooch or pet? Whitney Peak will treat them as another guest and make their stay as noteworthy as yours! Upon check-in, Whitney Peak provides "Doggie Bags" filled with healthy treats, toys, and accessories.


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The Way We Were: Without A Hospital
Posted Friday, October 18, By Paul Milan, Historical Society, for The Beacon
A few people have asked me why I serve on the [Cibola General] Hospital Board when I should be enjoying retirement at my age.
My response is that a local hospital is one of the most important services that any community could enjoy and that retired people my age will choose a community that has medical facilities and transportation to these facilities or they will move. An investment in a local hospital is one of the most valuable economical development program that a city/county should pursue.
When my family moved to Grants in the 1940s there was no hospital; Dr. Fjord was the only doctor available and at that time he practiced in an old house in back of Caradine's Drug Store. Dr. Fjord delivered most of the babies at the family's home. I remember visiting my aunt's home when her baby girl arrived with Dr. Fjord at the helm.
Mother Whiteside delivered most of the babies before Dr. Fjord opened his practice. My mother said that during the 1920s there was once a doctor in San Rafael who had the first automobile on this side of Valencia County.
My first encounter with medical needs in Grants was when my brother broke his arm and was rushed to Dr. Fjord's office. Dr. Fjord admitted that he was not a bone specialist. Dr. Fjord set the arm and said that unfortunately my brother would not be able to twist his forearm. A trip to Albuquerque to a bone specialist required that the arm be re-broken and reset, which restored my brother's arm mobility.
After the war in 1946 I believe a Dr. Harrington had a small clinic with two beds where the PNM Building is now located. My encounter with this facility was in 1947 when I was involved in an auto accident and was rushed to that clinic. Since there wasn't any equipment to x-ray the doctor assumed that because of the broken ribs I had a punctured lung; and he told my mother that if I was alive in the morning he would operate. Since my father was out of town my mother summoned Ed Baca who had a hearse that also served as an ambulance. After receiving the last sacraments from the local priest I was rushed to St. Josephs Hospital in Albuquerque. My father, who had been in Gallup, arrived after the doctors determined that I was bleeding internally and had lost so much blood that I was almost pronounced D.O.A. (Dead On Arrival). The head nurse told my father not to waste his money because of all the blood that was needed and I would not survive anyway.
A young doctor that had come from the war told my father to let him operate immediately, without testing, because he had saved a lot of lives by immediately operating in the battlefields. My father was a partner in a liquor store in Gallup and he called the Liquor Wholesalers and their workers donated all the blood that I needed.
My father was then informed that I needed 24-hour nursing care so he had to personally hire three nurses on his own and travel to Albuquerque every Saturday to pay them $50 per week at a time when $25 per week was considered high wages.
The orthopedic surgeon told my father that he could not operate on my leg until the internal injuries were healed and to prepare me for the fact that he would likely have to amputate the broken leg. Penicillin had just been introduced and they applied a shot to me every hour on the hour. The only thing that I remember vividly was during the surgery I was floating above the doctors and watched them perform, which I was told later that I had experienced an out-of-body experience.
If this had happened today I would have been taken to the ER at the Cibola General Hospital and diagnosed with the latest equipment, provided with as much blood as needed, and operated by a local surgeon. If a surgeon were not available, they would have transported me to Albuquerque in a helicopter in minutes instead of the hours that it took in 1947. Nurses would have been available 24 hours [a day] at the hospital.
During the late forties and early fifties, Dr. Malcolm practiced out of a house where the Grants State Bank was built in 1958. Dr. Malcolm moved his office to the second story of the P&E Building, which is now the Community Pantry.
When I returned home from college in 1958 the uranium boom brought in a few doctors and most of them had offices in houses. The Anaconda Company had a clinic with at least four beds and allowed non-Anaconda citizens and local doctors to utilize their facilities. My first daughter was born at the Anaconda facility in January. Of course there was a blizzard that night; I slept upright all night in a hard chair and luckily the person who cooked was a family friend; and she fixed me a hearty breakfast.
In 1961 the Cibola Hospital was opened as a result of all the citizens fundraising with donations from the whole community. The new Hospital Board was also able to seek out federal grants and even the first uranium bust in the 1960s did not halt the progress of the hospital. The volunteers continued to raise funds for the operation year around and it seemed that everyone in the community was involved. Almost every woman was a volunteer "Pink Lady" and every family had a teenager who was a "Candy Striper."
There was an organization of professional women, the Pilots Club, which had year-round fundraisers and a Thrift Shop that provided funds on a monthly basis. The hospital would not have existed if it hadn't been for the citizens of Grants and Milan working together to achieve a dream of having first-class medical care.
The 1970s brought the big uranium boom and the hospital felt the growing pains and eventually it was obvious that a larger facility was needed. During a boom everybody benefits as well as everyone loses during a bust.
The 1980s brought the bust and the solution in Grants was to partner with Cibola County, which would provide bonding privileges and retain ownership of the building. Cibola General Hospital would continue managing healthcare services. It was a win-win solution with the County at that time receiving $1 per year rent and the citizens would have their health facility.This relationship between hospitals and counties was not unusual throughout the nation. Bernalillo County made the same agreement with the failing Bernalillo Hospital, which is now the UNM Hospital.
During the 1970s I moved to Dallas, Texas, and worked for the Department of Health Education and Welfare, which is now the Department of Health and Human Services. At this particular time all hospitals were looking for partnerships to keep them operating. There were rural towns throughout the nation larger than Grants that did not have doctors or hospitals. I met Cuban refugee doctors throughout the region who were recruited by small towns helping the refugees get certified and offering the Cubans free offices and housing.
After the Vietnam War the office that I worked in had a big responsibility in resettling the Vietnamese refugees at Ft. Smith, Ark. There were rural towns throughout the region (five states) with representatives waiting at the airport to recruit Vietnamese doctors offering homes, offices, equipment and a guaranteed salary.
Since New Mexico was part of my responsibility I remember that Santa Rosa was without a doctor or a hospital; and the city, county officials, and leaders were advertising nationwide offering all kinds of amenities.
I was an Intergovernmental Officer with HEW (now the Dept. of Health and Human Services) and it was my responsibility to work with all levels of state and local governments. I was told that the county government was responsible for the Health and Welfare of the citizens and the County Judge in Texas had the same responsibilities. This gave me the opportunity to visit many counties and attend County Association Conferences; and I was even invited to set up workshops for them.
Most of the officials that I had the pleasure of meeting were aware of their responsibilities and indicated that they would do whatever they could to support the medical and social service organizations and would do everything possible to help them do their jobs. These same officials told me that they were grateful that these Health and Welfare providers were dedicated to providing the services that they were responsible for and letting them as county officials take all of the honors.
Since my wife and two of my children were riddled with diabetes we have spent time in hospitals in Mexico, every hospital in Albuquerque, Las Cruces, and many hospitals in Dallas.
During the 1980s I got involved in acquiring the Grants State Bank with the minority stockholders and I came to Grants at least once a month; and told my wife if we are successful, we will move to Grants when I retire. She replied that she could not leave her doctors and hospitals in Dallas. I convinced her that everything that she had in Dallas could be obtained here; and so when I retired we came home.
If you have about five hours to spare just ask my wife how she feels about the local doctors and the Cibola General Hospital, she is their best cheerleader.
Editor's Note: Paul Milan, a contributing Beacon columnist and longtime Cibola County resident, serves as a member on the Cibola General Hospital, Inc. Board. and the Cibola County Historical Society.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What is a Georgia Sublease Agreement?
Georgia Sublease Agreement: What Is It?
In the state of Georgia, a sublease agreement is a written lease document between two parties: a sublessor and a sublessee. In a situation like this, the original tenant who signed the lease (the sublessor) rents the apartment to another tenant (the sublessee). It is important to have this agreement in place, as the sublessee will be living in the apartment and paying rent, but the sublessor's name will remain on the original lease agreement. This means that although the sublessee will be residing in the unit and making rent payments, the sublessor will be responsible for any damage done to the unit or any late or missed payments done by the sublessee. Often times, these types of arrangements last for just a few months, but can also last for the duration of the lease. Regardless, it is important to have a sublease agreement in writing in order to protect both parties.
Georgia Tenant/Landlord Law is fairly vague on sublease provisions, which makes it vitally important that a tenant receives written permission from the landlord before entering into a sublease agreement. If a tenant's lease states that subleasing is not allowed, then no subleasing is allowed.


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The Census of Agriculture is a census conducted every five years by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) that provides the only source of uniform, comprehensive agricultural data for every county in the United States.

Overview
The census is a complete count of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them. The Census looks at land use and ownership, operator characteristics, production practices, income and expenditures and many other areas. This picture, when compared to earlier censuses, helps to measure trends and new developments in the agricultural sector of the nation's economy.

Title 7 of the United States Code requires all those who receive a census report form to respond – even if they did not operate a farm or ranch during the census year. The same law protects the confidentiality of all census respondents. NASS uses the information only for statistical purposes and publishes data only in tabulated totals. The report cannot be used for purposes of taxation, investigation or regulation. The privacy of individual census records is also protected from disclosure through the Freedom of Information Act.

For census purposes, a farm is defined as a place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year. This farm definition has changed nine times throughout history and the current definition has been in effect since 1974.

History
The first Census of Agriculture was taken in 1840 as part of the sixth decennial population census. The census remained a part of the decennial census through 1950, with separate mid-decade Censuses of Agriculture taken in 1925, 1935 and 1945. As time passed, census years were adjusted until the reference year coincided with the economic censuses covering other sectors of the nation's economy. Currently, the Census of Agriculture is conducted for years ending in 2 and 7.

The 1997 Census of Agriculture has historical significance because it was the first conducted by NASS after the 1997 Appropriations Act shifted responsibility of the Census of Agriculture from the U.S. Census Bureau, which is part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, to USDA.

Uses of census data
Census data is used by all those who serve farmers and rural communities – federal, state and local governments, agribusinesses, trade associations and many others. For instance:
Companies and cooperatives use the information to determine the locations of facilities that will serve agricultural producers.
Community planners use the information to target needed services to rural residents.
USDA uses the information to ensure that local service centers are staffed at appropriate levels.
Legislators use the information when shaping farm policies and programs.
Farmers and ranchers use Census data to help make informed decisions about the future of their own operations.

External links
Census of Agriculture — official website
NASS web site

Agriculture, Census of
United States Department of Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture in the United States
Agricultural censuses
1840 establishments in the United States


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Fike►Knowledge Center►101 Articles►What is a Dust Explosion – Explosion Protection FAQs
101 Articles | February 15, 2019
What is a Dust Explosion – Explosion Protection FAQs
Combustible dust explosion protection is a frequently misunderstood topic. Below, we've organized and defined much of the terminology found within the explosion protection industry.
General Explosion Protection Questions
What is Combustion?
A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat and usually light in the form of either a glow of flame (NFPA 68, 2018).
What is an Explosion?
The bursting or rupture of an enclosure or a container due to the development of internal pressure from a deflagration (NFPA 68, 2018).
What is Combustible Dust?
A finely divided combustible particulate solid that presents a flash-fire hazard or explosion hazard when suspended in air or the process-specific oxidizing medium over a range of concentrations (NFPA 654, 2017).
What is a Combustible Dust Explosion?
Rapid combustion of dust suspended in the air in a confined space.
Active vs Passive Explosion Protection Questions
What are Active Explosion Protection Solutions?
An active explosion protection system migrates or prevents the effects of a deflagration using a pressure and/or infrared detector to notify a control panel to activate the respective explosion protection devices. Active explosion protection solutions include:
What is an EPC (Explosion Protection Controller)?
Continuously monitors the protected hazard, reacts to incipient explosions and instantaneously actuates the explosion protection system (suppression and/or valves). Can act as a standalone controller or interfaced with other EPC's for larger system. Explore Fike's detection and control systems.
What is Explosion Suppression?
The technique of detecting and arresting combustion in a confined space while the combustion is still in its incipient stage. Explosion suppression prevents the development of pressures that could result in an explosion.
Suppression Agent – The chemical agent used in a deflagration suppression system to extinguish the deflagration (NFPA 69, 2014). Fike primarily uses Sodium Bicarbonate and Dessikarb (Food Grade Sodium Bicarbonate).
Chemical Isolation – A means of preventing flame front and ignition from being conveyed past a predetermined point by injection of a chemical suppressant.
HRD (High Rate Discharge Container) – Suppressant container used to suppress equipment at the onset of a deflagration for both suppression and isolation.
SRD (Standard Rate Discharge) – Suppressant container (9 liter) used specifically for chemical isolation.
Inert Gas – A gas that is noncombustible and nonreactive. Fike HRD and SRD are filled with inert gas nitrogen.
What are Active Explosion Valves?
Designed to close within milliseconds of the EPC detecting a deflagration to prevent flame propagation into connected pipes and equipment.
Explosion Isolation Valve (EIV, FAV) – Mechanical device in which a high-speed slide gate is shut upon activation to prevent spark, flame or pressure propagation beyond the valve. Learn more about Fike's Explosion Isolation Valve (EIV).
Explosion Isolation Pinch Valve (EIPV) – Mechanical device in which an elastomer sleeve is pinched shut to full closure at high speed upon activation to prevent spark, flame or pressure propagation beyond the valve. Learn more about Fike's Explosion Isolation Pinch Valve (EIPV).
What are Burst Indicators?
A device used to notify the system that the explosion vent has opened. May be used to activate alarms, bells or remote annunciators, and may be interfaced with process control systems to support safety follow-up initiatives.
What are Passive Explosion Protection Solutions?
A passive explosion protection system mitigates or prevents the effects of a deflagration in which the explosion protection devices are activated in response to the deflagration pressure.
What are Passive Explosion Valves?
Designed to close within milliseconds from the explosion pressure itself to prevent flame propagation into connected pipes and equipment.
Flow-Actuated Flap Valve – Air flow opens the flap to allow normal process conveyance conditions. However, when an explosion occurs in an adjacent vessel, the flow will reverse, causing the flap to close onto its field replaceable seal, stopping explosion pressure and flame propagation. Learn more about Fike's Flow-Actuated Flap Valve—ValvEx.
Flow-Actuated Float Valve – Passive isolation device that uses a "floating poppet" attached to the valve stem. The flow of an explosion pressure wave drives the floating poppet onto the valve seat and locks into position by a locking cam, creating a mechanical barrier to protect downstream equipment. Learn more about Fike's Flow-Actuated Explosion Isolation Valve.
What is Explosion Venting?
A vent panel or group of panels provide a predetermined relief area installed in a specific location. Vent panels open at specified burst pressures (Pstat) to provide a quick release of the pressure generated from hot expanding gases, unburned material and flames to minimize damage to the enclosure, room or building. Fike offers a variety of composite, sanitary and grain elevator explosion vents.
Flameless Explosion Venting – Protective measure which will prevent the breakthrough of flames into the surrounding environment. Flameless venting is used to allow explosion venting in situations where the hazards of flames resulting from the venting action are not acceptable. Learn more about Fike's flameless venting solutions.
Vent Discharge Duct – A duct that is added to explosion venting to direct the pressure generated from hot expanding gases, unburned material and flame resulting from a deflagration outside the building to a safe area.
Certifications/Organizations Questions
What is ATEX (Atmospheres Explosibles)?
A set of European Union regulations that are designed to ensure the safety of products being used in explosive environments. This approval agency has directives controlling explosive atmospheres.
What is CSB (Chemical Safety Board)?
Organization that investigates and reports on industrial incidents.
What is NFPA (National Fire Protection Agency)?
Create codes and standards for fire prevention, combustible dust and other hazards. Has no enforcement power or certifications of its codes and standards.
What is FM (Factory Mutual Global)?
Mutual insurance company that specializes in loss prevention services where risk and premiums are determined by engineering analysis. Provides FM approval on systems and hardware. Creates its own set of proprietary requirements and sizing methods for explosion protection.
Technical and Specs Questions
What is Burst Tolerance (Rupture Tolerance)?
The tolerance associated with the marked burst pressure within which the event is expected to burst. Usually expressed as a ± % of burst pressure or ± set pressure.
What is Combustion Area (Volume)?
The area (volume) where fuel and oxidant are present and ignition can occur.
What is Deflagration Index (KSt)?
KSt(measured in barg-m/s) is the deflagration index of a dust cloud (NFPA 68, 2018). Deflagration index is the rate of pressure rise in a standard, unvented spherical vessel and measures the relative explosion severity compared to other dusts.
What is Lower Flammable Limit (LFL)?
The lowest concentration of material that will propagate a flame from an ignition source through a mixture of flammable gas or combustible dust dispersion with a gaseous oxidizer (NFPA 654, 2017).
What is MAIT (Minimum Auto Ignition Temperature (dust cloud))?
Ignitibility value (measured in Celsius) which defines the minimum temperature at which a dust cloud will auto-ignite when exposed to heated air. Test procedure defined in ASTM E1491.
What is MEC (Minimum Explosive Concentration)?
Explosibility value (measured in g/m3) which defines the minimum concentration of a dust-air mixture that will propagate a deflagration. Also see Lower Flammable Limit (LFL). Test procedure defined in ASTM E1515.
What is MIE (Minimum Ignition Energy)?
Ignitibility value (measured in milliJoule) which defines the minimum ignition energy of a dust cloud in air by a high voltage spark. Test procedure defined in ASTM E2019.
What is MIT (Minimum Ignition Temperature)?
Ignitibility value (measured in Celsius) which defines the minimum temperature at which a dust layer will ignite. Test procedure defined in ASTM E2021.
What is Operating Ratio?
Ratio of the maximum system operating pressure to the minimum burst pressure associated with the explosion vent or rupture panel. Maximum Operating Pressure/Vacuum rating of a vent can be expressed as an operating ratio.
What is Particle Size (PSA)?
Procedure to determine the size range and average size of an operation's dust particles.
What is Pmax?
The maximum pressure developed in a contained deflagration of an optimum mixture (NFPA 68, 2018).
What is Pred (Reduced Pressure)?
The maximum pressure developed in a vented enclosure during a vented deflagration (NFPA 68, 2018). FM 7-76 provides guidance when Pred is unknown. Pred can also be described as the maximum allowable pressure to prevent deformation of an enclosure or maximum allowable pressure that will result in an acceptable amount of deformation.
What is Process Temperature?
Maximum and minimum operating temperature within an enclosure or process.
What is TSP (Total Suppressed Pressure)?
Total Suppressed pressure (or reduced pressure) is a value calculated by using Fike proprietary software and the process data. It is the maximum momentary pressure that the vessel must withstand during a suppressed deflagration and must be compatible with the enclosure design strength. TSP may also be the pressure measured as a part of a test or in an actual suppressed industrial explosion. This value shall be provided to the customer per NFPA 69, 2014 Section 10.4.4
What is xMax/xMin (maximum/minimum isolation placement)?
The maximum/minimum safe installation distance from the process interconnection (or other specified place) which is calculated or determined for each specific application by Fike as required by NFPA 69, 2014.
What is Airflow?
Unit of air flow through a process typically measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM).
What is Air Velocity?
Speed of which air moves through a duct, pipe or system. Can be calculated based on airflow and duct size.
What is Deflagration?
Propagation of a combustion zone at a velocity that is less than the speed of sound in the unreacted medium (NFPA 68, 2018).
What is Detonation?
Propagation of a combustion zone at a velocity that is greater than the speed of sound in the unreacted medium (NFPA 68, 2018).
What is a Duct?
Pipes, tubes or other enclosures used to convey materials pneumatically or by gravity (NFPA 652, 2016).
What is a Dust Hazard Analysis (DHA)?
A systematic review to identify and evaluate the potential fire, flash-fire and explosion hazards associated with the presence of one or more combustible particulate solids in a process or facility (NFPA 652, 2016).
What is a Dust Collector?
Generic identification of an air material separator using a media to separate particulate from an air stream (NFPA 652, 2016).
A method employing equipment (suppression and/or venting) and procedures that interrupts the propagation of a deflagration flame front past a predetermined point.
What is Metal Dust?
Any metal composed of distinct particles or pieces, regardless of size, shape or chemical composition, as a result from a solid state secondary processing operation that will burn (NFPA 484, 2015). Metal dust can have higher flame temperatures, requiring additional protection requirements.
What is an Oxidant?
Any gaseous material that can react with a fuel (gas, dust or mist) to produce combustion (NFPA 68, 2018).
What is Pressure (operating)?
Maximum operating pressure (positive and vacuum) within an enclosure or process.
What is a Primary Explosion?
The explosion in the process enclosure where the ignition occurs.
What is a Secondary Explosion?
The explosion in the process enclosure or surrounding area that is ignited by the explosion flame that enters through the connected pipeline and that was originally created by the primary explosion at the other end of the pipeline.
What is a Protected Area?
The area into which a deflagration will not be able to propagate on the upstream side of the isolation device.
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Yoga philosophy teaches us that two of the primary sources of suffering are attachment -- clinging too tightly to things we want, like or love -- and aversion -- recoiling from or avoiding things we don't. The problem with clinging to things we dig is that they won't last, and then we will inevitably suffer.
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Peru creates vast new national park
The Peruvian government's decision, published today, to make the Yaguas rainforest area a national park is a milestone for nature conservation in Peru, for the conservation of biodiversity, for climate protection - and for the indigenous inhabitants of the Yaguas Basin.
Frankfurt, 11 January 2018 - Today, the government of Peru published their decision to make Yaguas the country's 15th National Park. The legal announcement in El Peruano is signed by Peru's Environment Minister Elsa Galarza Contreras and President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard. This is a terrific step forward for the protection of nature in Peru", exclaims Dr. Christof Schenck, Managing Director of the Frankfurt Zoological Society (FZS), congratulating Peru for this landmark decision.
Since 2015, the FZS has supported the Peruvian nature conservation authority SERNANP financially and logistically in improving the protection of Yaguas and in driving forward the process of transforming the previously protected area of Yaguas (Zona Reservada) into a national park. The recent decision to designate Yaguas as a national park is a success for all those who have committed themselves to it.
"The creation of Yaguas National Park is an outstanding contribution to the protection of climate and biodiversity. It was very exciting for us to be part of the process of creating a national park and we will continue to assist Peru in its conservation efforts,"says Christof Schenck.
Yaguas - uninhabited and gigantic
The area of the "Zona Reservada Yaguas" encompasses 8,700 square kilometres of pristine rainforest. The conservation of such a huge primary forest area is of great importance for climate protection.
Yaguas is located in the region of Iquitos, in northeastern Peru. The area lies in the Amazon lowlands, and is very difficult to access. Thousands of different plant and animal species have been found there, including pink river dolphins, giant otters, manatees, jaguars and woolly monkeys. Yaguas derives its name from the Yagua native communities living in the Amazon basin between northern Peru and Colombia. The Yaguas river is one of the few rivers originating in the Amazon basin.
The Zona Reservada Yagua is uninhabited. However, the indigenous communities living on the lower reaches of the Yaguas River and the Putumayo River depend on the rich aquatic resources of this ecosystem, especially fish. Therefore, the protection of the area is vital to their survival.
"The indigenous communities were also a driving force behind the national park. They know that the park secures their livelihoods. We would be happy to see this kind of local commitment for a national park here in Germany," says Christof Schenck.
Strong support from indigenous communities
This decision was preceded by a more than a year-long evaluation process during which 23 native communities from the "Zona Reservada Yaguas" area advocated for Yaguas to become a national park. The communities of Ampiyacu, Medio and Bajo Putumayo specifically called for the Peruvian state to declare Yaguas a national park in order to put an end to the threat posed by illegal logging and gold panning. In a July 2017 communiqué to the public, indigenous group associations and representatives of the 23 communities urged the protection of Yaguas "because we see this as a sacred place, a nursery for animals and plants, and because we want a Yaguas without illegal activities". The Ministry of the Environment (MINAM) launched a participatory and democratic consultation process involving all the municipalities concerned.
The Yaguas National Park will be the 15th national park in Peru and one of 76 nature reserves protected by the state. The SERNANP State Nature Conservation Agency and the Ministry of Environment (MINAM) are responsible for the park and its designation. They received technical and logistical support in this process from a number of institutions, including the Instituto del Bien Común (IBC), Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (SPDA), the Chicago Field Museum and the Frankfurt Zoological Society.
Dagmar Andres-Brümmer
Head of FZS Communications
Phone: 069 943446-11
andres-bruemmer@zgf.de
Ingrid Chalan
Coordinadora de Comunicaciones Frankfurt Zoological Society - Perú
Phone: 51 (0)84 – 253840
ingrid.chalan@fzs.org
Peru creates vast new national park (PDF/140kb)
Declaration of the indigenous communities of Ampiyacu, Yaguasyacu, Medio and Bajo Putumayo
http://photos.fzs.org/Press-Photos/2018-Yaguas-National-Park
The FZS Peru Program


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Q: Is the composition of an $L^2$-function with a smooth one again an $L^2$-function? There's that claim in the book I'm reading that I don't manage to prove.
We consider the function
$$ b(x)= \int_0^1 H(x(t))dt.$$
Where $x \in C^{\infty}(S^1,\mathbb{R}^n)$ and $H : \mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is smooth.
We know that the function $H$ is such that
(1) $H(x) \equiv 0$ near $x=0$ and
(2) $H(x)= (\pi + \epsilon)q(x)$, for large values of $\mid x \mid$. Here $q(x)$ is a quadratic form.
Furthermore the following estimates hold for all $x \in \mathbb{R}$:
(3) $\mid H(x) \mid \leq M \mid x \mid^2$,
(4) $\mid d^2H(x) \mid \leq M.$
For a positive constant $M$.
The claim is that $b$ is defined for all $x \in L^2(S^1,\mathbb{R}^n)$. I am not sure what I should show here. This is what I've done
Let $x \in L^2 (S^1,\mathbb{R}^n)$, then by definition we have
$$ \int_0^1 \mid x(t) \mid^2 dt < \infty. $$
Now compute the value of $b(x)$ and use (3):
$$b(x)=\int_0^1 H(x(t)) dt \leq \int_0^1 M \mid x(t) \mid^2 dt = M \int_0^1 \mid x(t) \mid^2 dt < \infty.$$
I would argue that $b(x)$ cannot diverge to $- \infty$ because of (1) and (2).
Please let me know if I really missed something. Thank you very much

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Motherhood, Poverty and Privacy in Trump's America
A legal scholar argues that poor mothers are stripped of their right to privacy under the conditions of the state benefits system—and that the situation could get much worse.
Miriam Zoila Pérez Nov 22, 2017 4:19PM ET
Photo Credit: Joe Gratz / Flickr
Many people were concerned in the wake of the election of President Donald Trump. But for Khiara Bridges, a legal scholar and anthropologist who has focused her career on the conditions facing poor mothers in the U.S., that concern was acute.
"To say that I wasn't optimistic is an understatement," Bridges told Colorlines. "With respect to all the issues that I care about—race, class, gender and equality more generally—there was no expectation of anything positive happening in the next four years." One year post-election, Bridges still feels that level of concern. In that time, the proposed 2018 budget sought to cut Medicaid in half, and the Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson said that poverty is a "state of mind," two clear examples to Bridges of what is at stake regarding the safety net on which poor mother's rely.
Bridges has written two books based on her fieldwork at an obstetrics clinic in a New York City public hospital. Her first book, 2008's "Reproducing Race: An Ethnography of Pregnancy as a Site of Racialization," was an anthropological take on how race and class shape pregnancy. Her latest, "The Poverty of Privacy Rights," published in June, argues that state programs governing poor mothers strip them of their right to privacy. In it, Bridges describes the extensive assessments required for women seeking Medicaid, regarding everything from their intimate relationships to housing to mental health. In the introduction to the book, she states:
If we understand certain information about ourselves as private—like details about our marriages or romantic relationships, the healthiness of our eating habits, the frequency with which we exercise (or not), and our success at remaining gainfully employed (or not)—then these programs invade poor women's privacy inasmuch as they require women to divulge that information and inasmuch as they share that information, once collected, with third parties.
These kind of invasions of privacy aren't limited to Medicaid, they also occur with programs like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and when agencies such as Child Protective Services (CPS) are engaged. Bridges puts the situation plainly: "To be poor is to be subject to invasions of privacy that the economically self-sufficient would perceive as gross demonstrations of the danger of governmental power without limits."
Bridges also believes that while major cuts to the safety net programs are more likely than increases under the current administration, that doesn't mean low-income women won't continue to be surveilled. "I expect families to be surveilled, regulated and punished through [CPS]," she says. "Simply because the welfare state retracts does not mean that other arms of a punitive state will retract."
Colorlines spoke to Bridges by phone to discuss the landscape facing low-income mothers' privacy in today's political climate. The interview has been edited for length and clarity.
How did you become interested in the topic of pregnancy, race and class?
My uncle was one of the first Black obstetricians in South Florida who practiced licensed medicine post-segregation. He always encouraged me to go to medical school, but I wanted to study pregnancy from a different angle. [At Columbia University], that all came together for me [through] studying the relationship between law, race and medical discourse.
When did access to government programs begin limiting lower-income mothers' right to privacy?
We can tell stories about the Elizabethan Poor Laws and talk about the government criminalizing poverty [in England]. We can come over to the U.S., and talk about how welfare officials would go into people's homes looking for a man in the house. The poor have always had to endure surveillance. The difference [with Elizabethan England] is that we have a Constitution that purports to provide protection against this surveillance. [But our laws and policies have] created these gaps, spaces where the Constitution just doesn't apply. Mothering while poor is one of those spaces.
Do think the system created by the requirements for government programs like Medicaid, TANF and Women, Infants & Children (WIC) have been shaped by race?
Yes. The idea that people are poor because they have a moral or ethical behavioral deficiency [underlies these systems]. People of color disproportionately bare the burdens of poverty. [This nation believes that people of color are] lazy, promiscuous and criminal. It's an odd coincidence that we [also] think that those are the things that cause poverty.
If [poor, White women] are being surveilled, [it is because] they are living under a system that has been designed for women of color.
Why did you choose to focus your latest book on legal analysis?
I have become increasingly frustrated with the way that the law is thought about and taught—including the disconnect between law in theory and law on the ground. It seems as if the law is not describing what is actually happening in the real world. Law students are taught that in the United States of America, we all have equal rights—[although] some people may have stronger rights than other folks or some might not be able to excerise their rights. I don't think that acurately describes what's going on in the world. We're dealing with dramatic inequality.
Is that inequality written into the Constitution?
The Constitution is an incredibly vague document. It's also incredibly short. We have to interpret the Constitution. The point of my book is to say that it's perfectly coherent within all the rules we've created on rights enfranchisement, all the rules we have erected, to say that poor mothers specifically do not have [privacy] rights. We've interpreted the Constitution [through rulings like the 1971 Supreme Court decision in Wyman v. James that upheld suspicionless searches of the homes of mothers receiving welfare] so as to disenfranchise a certain group of mothers who are poor.
You argue in the book that poor mothers are damned if they do, damned if they don't when it comes to surveillance. Can you explain this dynamic?
People say that poor mothers exchange their privacy rights for benefits. If they didn't take public assistance, they would have still have privacy. [But] if a parent is unable to provide their child with food, housing or health care, that's textbook child neglect and a perfect storm for intervention by Child Protective Services.
Is the situation facing poor mothers getting worse given today's political climate?
It can always get worse. It can always become even more intense in [terms of] surveillance or become more punitive or regulatory. I would expect the refusal to fund TANF, cuts in food stamps or WIC and cuts in funding for public housing. When people are abandoned to the market, and when the market doesn't contain jobs that pay a liveable wage, that's when CPS steps in and says you are neglecting your child.
Do you think the case of the Trump Administration trying to deny an undocumented teen access to a legal abortion foreshadows what could happen?
Yes, I think that case represents what the administration would like to do to every pregnant person desiring an abortion. [They] would love to make abortion inaccessible to everyone. [They] would love to make motherhood compulsory. However, as long as Roe v. Wade remains good law, the administration only has the power to compel motherhood for the most vulnerable and disempowered—those incapacitated in state institutions, the poor, minors, etc. We should be mindful that the exercise of state power demonstrated there illustrates how state power would be exercised in every case if the Trump Administration gets its way.
The legal system and the courts have been a huge part of the progressive movement's pushback on the Trump Administration, including in the situation we just discussed. What do you think of that approach?
Using law and justice in this particular moment might be effective because what this administration is doing flies in the face of what we hold to be true about what the law requires, and what broad swaths of the population hold to be true. What the administration is doing seems to be so patently illegal.
Do you think legal analysis will have any role in changing or improving the conditions for poor mothers?
I do. I don't think things are going to appreciably change just because someone makes a super clever argument to the Court. I think this is a question of activism and social movement. [My hope is that] describing [poor mothers] as not having rights is the engine behind a social movement. If that organizing is going to change the narrative that we tell about poverty and motherhood and poor motherhood, then that in turn can change the law.
Dr. Khiara Bridges


I'll tell you how behind I am on my beauty blogging... ColourPop released a second type of Lippie Stix before I ever blogged about the first type! Ah, I've some ground to cover.
So, all their Lippie Stix come in these sturdy plastic cases that are long and slim, and the endcaps as well as the top part of the inside tube matches the lip shade. The bullet is very narrow, but I like how much easier it is to control when I apply.
The hyper glossy Lippies are, as you can guess, very glossy and slick, though suuuuuuuper pigmented. I found that I had trouble making them look good straight from the tube, since I would wind up with too much product on my mouth. (Which was fine with the basic red, but not so great with the brighter/lighter shades.) I didn't have this issue so much with the mattes, which are obviously drier (not in a bad way).
In the photos on the left below, I just applied them how I always apply lipstick (from the tube). In the photos on the right, I blotted them gently. You can see that blotting made them significantly less glossy, but they looked more natural on me.
This is Corset, "a true pink lavender lilac." I really like this color, but I needed to blot it to make it look a little less Easter-y. (Or I should apply any one of these with a brush.) Corset is available individually.
Juicy is also available individually and is a "bright strawberry pink." I feel like blotting muted it quite a bit, and it's a gorgeous color as-is, but again, in order to make it wearable for me, I needed to tone it down.
Confetti is the other hyper glossy Lippie included in the gift set, and it's my favorite for obvious reasons - you just can't beat a good red lipstick :) It looked better and applied better straight from the tube as-is than the other three shades, though obviously it's such a great shade of red ("true blue red") that it doesn't take much to make it look good. (You just can't say the same about neon pink or pale lavender, which don't look good on everyone unaltered.) It also changed the least when I blotted it.
So, I like what I'm seeing from the formula so far - the shine and softness of a gloss, but the pigmentation of a lipstick - and I didn't have them on long, but as I progressed through my testing, the stain left behind got progressively brighter and brighter. I'll have to test these for staying power at some point, but I think I can say that I have high hopes in that department.
As with (almost) everything on the ColourPop site, Lippie Stix are $5 each, and you get free shipping on orders of $30 or more. I'm pretty sure that's cheaper than the drugstore brand lipsticks these days (or, at least, comparable). ColourPop is very quickly becoming one of my favorite brands, and it's thanks to their low price points and high-quality products.
PS - I bought their Lippie Stix primer too, and it's really awesome. It really fills in the fine lines and softens my lips without making them greasy. I think I'm in love. I'm find it especially useful to wear under the mattes, and I will probably stock up on a few tubes of this one now to wear with all my other lipsticks and not just the ColourPop ones.


This week, the Michigan Supreme Court released its opinion in Shay v Aldrich, (# 138908 released August 23, 2010) and held that sometimes, "all" does not mean "all." The facts in Shay were straight-forward – a plaintiff settled with two parties in a litigation and entered into a release that released "all other persons." Despite this language, there was highly persuasive and unequivocal evidence that the parties did not intend to release the other defendants. These other defendants then sought to use the release language as an amended affirmative defense but were denied by the trial court. Upon appeal, the Court of Appeals turned a deaf ear to the facts and held firm that the contractual language must be enforced and that "all" means "all" no matter what the intentions of the parties may be. The court of appeals holding was based on the 1999 Court of Appeals opinion by Justice Markman in Romska v Opper, 234 Mich App 512; 594 NW2d 853 (1999).
A latent ambiguity exists when the language in a contract appears to be clear and intelligible and suggests a single meaning, but other facts create the "'necessity for interpretation or a choice among two or more possible meanings.'" To verify the existence of a latent ambiguity, a court must examine the extrinsic evidence presented and determine if in fact that evidence supports an argument that the contract language at issue, under the circumstances of its formation, is susceptible to more than one interpretation. Then, if a latent ambiguity is found to exist, a court must examine the extrinsic evidence again to ascertain the meaning of the contract language at issue.
Thus, when allowed to consider the clear and overwhelming evidence of intent, Supreme Court found that the trial court properly denied the other Defendants' attempt to use the release for their benefit.
While not addressed, this case also raises interesting questions about the application of a merger clause. While the case appears not to change the rule from UAW-GM Human Resource Center v. KSL Recreation Corp., 228 Mich.App. 486, 579 N.W.2d 411 (1998) (ie- that a merger clause prevents consideration of evidence outside of a contract to establish a latent ambiguity), I think it does establish that a stranger to the contract is not barred from presenting extrinsic evidence to show ambiguity even if there is a merger clause.


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Teoria şi comportamentul organizaţiilor
The Nowhere Office: Reinventing Work and the Workplace of the Future
De (autor) Julia Hobsbawn
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 17 Feb 2022
As remote working becomes the norm rather than the exception for many office workers around the globe, The Nowhere Office proposes a radical new way of thinking about work both now and in the future. Offering a strategic and practical guide to negotiating this pivotal moment in the history of work, The Nowhere Office addresses the problems which beset work - the endemic stagnant productivity and crisis of stress which predate the pandemic - and the new challenges of remote working, repurposing offices for more creative interaction, managing WFH teams and satisfying the demand for more purposeful work with greater work/life balance. Drawing on history, cutting-edge research and extensive interviews Julia Hobsbawm argues persuasively that now is the time to develop something better, more meaningful, and, crucially, more workable.
Livrare express 07-11 februarie pentru 15.100 lei
Editura: John Murray Press
Julia Hobsbawm is an award-winning writer, speaker and consultant on how to make working life work better. She is the author of six books including Fully Connected: Social Health in an Age of Overload and The Simplicity Principle which won Best Business Book and Best Self-Help Book of 2020. She presents the popular podcast The Nowhere Office and writes the Working Assumptions column for Bloomberg's Work Shift.