text:
Survival Russia: Off The Wall Forest Trip
SOLd Jackie Brown Fowler North West Trade Gun 62 cal. : Black Powder Rifles & Muzzleloader Rifles at GunBroker.com
SOLD on its way to Kansas...
Jackie Brown Fowler North West Trade Gun 62 cal. : Black Powder Rifles & Muzzleloader Rifles at GunBroker.com
WILL PRESIDENT TRUMP PROTECT THE CONSTITUTION?
Budd is a former NRA Director from NY and also a long time SCOPE chairman of the Board.
THE RIGHT SIDE
BY BUDD SCHROEDER
We have a new president in the White House and a new attitude regarding government. Donald Trump, in his inauguration speech, said that he wanted the people to be better represented and more in control of their lives. This hopefully, will be at the expense of the bureaucrats and the bureaucracies they control. We are overregulated as well as over governed. Under the last administration we have had our freedoms and constitutional rights infringed.
This has been the practice in New York to a greater extent under the rule of Andrew Cuomo and in both the Obama and Cuomo administrations Second Amendment rights have been infringed. The state infringements have been greater in New York than in America as a whole.
The biggest infringement of the Cuomo reign has been his signature SAFE act. This is the law passed literally in the middle of the night by administrative bullying and deal making. Governor Cuomo has always had a negative view when it comes to the subject of the Second Amendment rights and gun ownership.
The SAFE act has several provisions that are definitely an infringement on the right to keep and bear arms. Like many laws made, there are subjective wordings in this law. What is an "infringement?" That is a word, when challenged in a court of law, can result is many billable hours for lawyers. It is arguable and expensive to litigate.
One of the provisions of the law is that it requires universal background checks. Prior to the passage of this law a person needed a background check when he bought a firearm from a FFL dealer. The background check called a NICS Check is done by the FBI and by phone by the dealer. There are classifications that would disqualify a purchase such as a felony, drug addiction, dishonorable discharge from the military, mental disabilities, illegally in the country, orders of protection and history of domestic violence being the most obvious.
Under the SAFE act, the check must be passed before a private sale or gift of a gun is made to anyone who is not an immediate member of the family. Parents, spouses, and children can have them. Cousins, grandchildren, best friends or neighbors are included in the list of those who need a background check to receive the firearm.
Since a photo ID is required to get the NICS check the Amish now may not buy a gun. Their religion forbids their having a photo of themselves and therefore they can't get the necessary background check. The Amish have a beautiful reputation of being peaceful and law abiding citizens who do not cause or get into trouble. They are extremely nonviolent, but use guns for hunting to put meat on the table during the hunting season.
The SAFE act took that constitutional right away from them and there is no legal way that they can purchase a firearm in New York. When lawmakers who voted for the bill are asked why they are discriminating against the Amish, the answers are vague. As the guy in the movie said: Stupid is as stupid does."
Another part of the bill that is really troubling is the one regarding mental health. The way this part of the law works if a person is involuntarily admitted to a hospital or has been prescribed an antidepressant, that record is sent to the Office of Mental Health. That department runs it thru the bureaucracies of the State Police to County Clerks and if they find a person on that list who has a pistol permit, the permit is suspended and the guns are removed from the person's possession. It is usually done by a police department. They confiscate all guns, not just the handguns.
If the person hires a lawyer to pursue this action and wins because of a false report, the permit may be returned and the handguns with it. However, the police will keep the rifles and shotguns. To get them returned requires a lawyer to file an Article 78 with the Supreme Court to get a court order for the police to release the guns. This average cost for this procedure is in the $2,500 range. As a member of the court said: "Sometimes, it is cheaper just to buy a new gun." And the politicians call this "justice."
However, even if the permit and guns are returned there is another problem, Along with the process, the FBI is notified and the person's name is put on the NICS list which means they are still forbidden to buy a gun. Many believe that because they are on the list, they can't handle a gun. That is in the works for clarification. However, so far, the state has shown no interest in getting the person off the NICS list and there is no process for a person falsely accused to have the name removed. The gun rights groups are working on that injustice.
Finally, the State Police requires all people who have a handgun permit issued before five years ago to recertify it and it must be done before the end of January in 2018. The State Police would prefer to have it done by computer and email for their convenience. However the gun groups are angry and are not interested in making the process convenient for the State Police.
Some are suggesting that those who must comply should wait until the end of January and send in the necessary form with the information, including a descripting of all handguns in their possession, by certified mail, return receipt requested. This suggestion is making its rounds to gun clubs and sportsmen's organizations.
It is hoped that there will be enough intelligent legislators in Albany to repeal the SAFE act, but it is a long shot as long as Governor Cuomo is in office and the Democrats control the Assembly. This is going to be a tough battle and the hundreds of thousands of pistol permit holders just may mobilize enough to constantly call their assemblymen and senators to voice their objection to this requirement.
If that fails, perhaps President Donald Trump will put a constitution loving justice on the Supreme Court and they will find the SAFE act to be unconstitutional. That is another option the pro-gun organizations are exploring. Time will tell. This may be the stimulus needed for the formerly apathetic to rise up and demand a government of the people, even in New York.
Lead Bullets,Shot & Sinkers Total Ban Comming Soon
I told a group last fall in 5 years we'd not be shooting I.E. hunting with lead.
So where were all these so called sportsmen's groups at when this was being discussed. Oh yea on the internet passing around BS meme's and junk quotes.
Non Toxic Ammo Order Signed Today by Dan Ashe,Director of FWS January 19, 2017
United States Department of the Interior
DIRECTOR'S ORDER NO. 219
Subject: USE OF NONTOXIC AMMUNITION AND FISHING TACKLE
Sec. 1 What is the purpose of this Order? The purpose of this Order is to establish procedures and a timeline for expanding the use of nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle on Service lands, waters, and facilities and for certain types of hunting and fishing regulated by the Service outside of Service lands, waters, and facilities.
Sec. 2 What is the legal authority for this Order?
a. Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668a-d).
b. Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703-712).
c. National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966, as amended by the National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 (16 U.S.C. 668dd-668ee).
d. National Wildlife Refuge Recreation Act (16 U.S.C. 460k-460k-4)
e. Endangered Species Act (ESA) (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543).
f. Fish and Wildlife Act 1956 (16 U.S.C. 742a-742j)
g. Migratory Bird Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 715-715r). h. Emergency Wetlands Resources Act of 1986 (16 U.S.C. § 3901b, 100 Stat. 3583)
Sec. 3 What is the Service's overall policy? It is the Service's policy to:
a. Require the use of nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle to the fullest extent practicable for all activities on Service lands, waters and facilities by January 2022, except as needed for law enforcement or health and safety uses, as provided for in policy.
b. Collaborate with State fish and wildlife agencies in implementing this policy.
Sec. 4 What are the effects of lead on fish or wildlife health?
(Omitted sec. 4 to save space - you guys are not interested / do not believe anyway).
Sec. 5 What steps will the Service take to phase in the use of nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle?
a. The Service will continue to support targeted research to understand the human, fish, and wildlife health benefits of using nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle.
b. The Service will continue to work with states and other partners on education efforts regarding the benefits and effectiveness of nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle.
c. To ensure the public experiences a consistent approach to nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle requirements, over the next 24 months, each Regional Director, in coordination with relevant Assistant Directors, should work with individual States, regional State Fish and Wildlife Associations, and Tribes to identify opportunities to expand existing State, Federal, or Tribal requirements for use of nontoxic ammunition and fishing tackle on Service lands, waters and facilities.
i. Where States have enacted nontoxic ammunition or fishing tackle requirements for certain forms of hunting and fishing on State lands such requirements should be expanded to national wildlife refuges in those States through amendments to State or Service regulations, as appropriate.
ii. Where States have enacted nontoxic ammunition or fishing tackle requirements for certain forms of hunting and fishing that apply to State, private and Federal lands throughout their States, Regions should ensure these requirements are enacted and enforced on Service lands, waters, and facilities in those States.
iii. Where individual Federal land units administered by other Federal agencies including the National Park Service, the National Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the Department of Defense, or other agencies, have enacted requirements for the use of nontoxic ammunition or fishing tackle, Regions should adopt such requirements on Service lands, waters and facilities in the same States as those units through amendments to Service hunting and fishing regulations, as appropriate.
iv. Where individual Tribes have enacted requirements for the use of nontoxic ammunition or fishing tackle, the Regions should adopt such requirements on Service lands, waters and facilities in the same States as those Tribal lands through amendments to Service hunting and fishing regulations, in consultation with the appropriate Tribe and State.
d. When available information indicates negative impacts of lead ammunition or fish tackle on sensitive, vulnerable or Service trust resources, the appropriate Regional Director, in coordination with the appropriate Assistant Director(s), will take steps to expeditiously require the use of nontoxic ammunition or fishing tackle to the fullest extent practical under Service jurisdiction to benefit such species or resources.
e. The Assistant Director, Migratory Birds, in consultation with National Flyway Councils and individual States, will establish a process to phase in a requirement for the use of nontoxic ammunition for recreational hunting of mourning doves and other upland game birds.
Sec. 6 When is this Order effective? This Order is effective immediately. It remains in effect until we incorporate it into the Fish and Wildlife Service Manual, or until we amend, supersede, or revoke it, whichever comes first. If we do not amend, supersede, or revoke it, the provisions of this Order will terminate on July 31, 2018.
/sgd/ Daniel M. Ashe
10 Simple Knife Projects Part 1 & 2
Part 1 and 2 from Dave Canterberry
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPvP0QZplmQ
Ukraine's Plan to Manufacture US M16 Combat Rifles Hits a Snag Over Ammunition
http://dailysignal.com/2017/01/10/ukraines-plan-to-manufacture-us-m16-combat-rifles-hits-a-snag-over-ammunition/
SECURITYNEWS
Nolan Peterson / @nolanwpeterson / January 10, 2017
A U.S. Army soldier with a Ukrainian soldier at a training base in western Ukraine. (Photo: Nolan Peterson/The Daily Signal)
KYIV, Ukraine—Kalashnikov assault rifles are among the most iconic symbols of the Soviet military.
Weapons such as the AK-47, the AKM, the AK-74, and the AK-103 are ubiquitous reminders of the Red Army's legacy among the modern militaries of former Warsaw Pact countries and Soviet client states.
Also, the contemporary, worldwide use of Kalashnikovs by terrorists and insurgent groups offers grim evidence of the widespread proliferation of Soviet weapons during and after the Cold War.
On Jan. 3, as part of a long-term plan to adopt NATO military standards, Ukraine took a step toward ditching this Soviet military carryover.
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Ukroboronprom, Ukraine's nationalized defense industry conglomerate, announced a partnership agreement between the Ukrainian defense manufacturer Ukroboronservis and the U.S. company Aeroscraft to produce in Ukraine a variant of the U.S. M16 assault rifle.
A Ukrainian soldier cleans a Soviet-era Kalashnikov at a position on the front lines in eastern Ukraine.
A Ukrainian soldier cleans a Soviet-era Kalashnikov at a position on the front lines in eastern Ukraine. (Photos: Nolan Peterson/The Daily Signal)
"The M16 project was conceived some time ago, as the Ukrainian armed forces, border guards, and National Guard will with time switch to NATO standards," Aeroscraft founder and CEO Igor Pasternak said during a Jan. 3 press conference in Kyiv.
The M16 variant Ukraine will produce is called the WAC47.
The catch: The WAC47 uses Soviet ammunition, not the standard NATO 5.56×45 mm cartridge.
However, the Ukrainian production of Soviet-caliber M16s plan is a first step toward adopting NATO military standards—a goal Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko directed the military to achieve by 2020.
The WAC47 can be modified to use NATO ammunition, and "switching calibers" was one of the reasons Ukroboronprom listed to justify its decision to build its M16 variant.
"For our country and the Ukrainian army, M16 production in Ukraine is a real step towards Euro-Atlantic structures," Ukroboronprom said in a statement published to its website.
By the time Ukraine fully adopts NATO military standards, its military will have a stockpile of M16s that can be modified to use NATO ammunition.
According to Ukroboronprom, interoperability problems Ukrainian troops have faced while on joint operations with NATO troops spurred the decision to produce the American assault rifle.
U.S. Army soldiers use a smaller, lighter variant of the M16, called the M4, in Afghanistan.
"Ukrainian soldiers are already participating in joint maneuvers with NATO," Ukroboronprom said on its website. "And in each case, one of the problems is logistics."
Ukrainian troops deployed to support NATO's mission in Afghanistan, for example, had to borrow German assault rifles from Lithuanian troops due to ammunition incompatibility issues.
There is no standard assault rifle among NATO countries, only an agreement to use the same caliber small arms ammunition. NATO Standardization Agreement No. 4172 sets the standard small arms caliber at 5.56×45 mm.
In theory, troops from NATO countries could swap ammunition in combat, even if they use different weapons.
NATO Standards
The M16 became the standard infantry weapon for the U.S. military in 1967. U.S. versions of the weapon use the standard NATO cartridge.
However, the WAC47 (the M16 version to be produced by Ukraine) is designed for 7.62×39 mm ammunition used by Soviet weapons such as the AK-47 and the AKM assault rifles.
Ukraine plans to adopt NATO military standards by 2020. Consequently, the Ukrainian weapons will have to be retroactively modified to use NATO ammunition.
According to weapons experts consulted by The Daily Signal, the WAC47 can be modified to take the NATO 5.56×45 mm cartridge, but it might be cost prohibitive.
"Rechambering a rifle for a cartridge different than it was originally designed for can be done in some circumstances," Dakota Wood, senior research fellow for defense programs at The Heritage Foundation, told The Daily Signal.
"A lot of expense that simply implies it would be cheaper to buy new rifles designed for common NATO ammo," Wood said.
In order to modify Ukrainian M16s to use NATO ammunition, the bolt and barrel will have to be replaced, Brian Summers, a U.S. Army veteran and weapons expert, told The Daily Signal.
"The only items that would have to be replaced are what I would describe as items that would normally be replaced based on use," Summers said. "The magazines are ammo specific, and would have to be changed to the specific caliber."
The M16 rifle has two main components—an upper and a lower receiver. According to Summers, for a Soviet-caliber M16 to use NATO ammunition, only the upper receiver has to be modified by replacing the bolt and barrel.
Kalashnikovs lined up on the firing range at the U.S. Army's training mission in western Ukraine.
The M16 weapons system is "one of the most versatile weapon platforms in configuration and caliber," Summers said. "Your troops essentially can train on one platform and when switching over to a new caliber do not need to be retrained in a new weapons system … Core of the platform, lower receiver, does not change and any optics can be moved."
In the 1990s, Colt Defense LLC, the original M16 producer, produced a special civilian version of the military assault rifle designed to use Soviet 7.62×39 mm ammunition.
"I own this variant and if I want to fire 5.56 mm [NATO ammunition], I simply switch the upper receiver with 5.56 mm bolt and mags," Summers said. "Two minutes to change."
The Ukrainian M16 deal is not the first time a foreign weapon modified to use Soviet ammunition has been mass produced in Ukraine.
Ukrainian weapons manufacturer RPC Fort produces a version of the Israeli Tavor assault rifle, which the Israel Defense Forces chose to replace the M16.
Israeli Tavors use standard NATO 5.56×45 mm ammunition. The Ukrainian variant, however, uses Soviet 5.45×39 mm ammunition, but can be modified to use NATO cartridges.
Soviet Surplus
The Ukrainian military is embroiled in a nearly three-year-old proxy war against pro-Russian separatists and Russian regulars in the Donbas, Ukraine's embattled southeastern territory on the border with Russia.
Since the war began in early 2014, Ukraine has embarked on a crash course to rebuild, resupply, and modernize its military.
According to Ukrainian news reports, pro-Russian separatists captured Ukraine's only small arms ammunition manufacturer, the Luhansk cartridge plant, in 2014.
Since then, the Ukrainian military has relied on Soviet-era stockpiles to supply its troops in combat.
Ukrainian troops use surplus Soviet weapons on the front lines in eastern Ukraine.
In June 2016, a group of top Ukrainian military officials announced a plan to develop domestic ammunition manufacturing.
"The ammunition reserves inherited by our country from the Soviet Army … are not unlimited, while their significant part has been thoughtlessly recycled or sold at a time when no one was thinking that we would be engaged in a war," Oleksandr Turchynov, secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, said, according to Ukrainian news reports.
"This is a crucial large-scale task, and we have no other option but to implement it as soon as possible, for our country's security directly depends on it," Turchynov said.
Ukroboronprom's 2016-2017 product catalogue does not include 7.62×39 mm or 5.45×39 mm ammunition—the two calibers most widely used by Ukraine's armed forces.
According to arms experts, Ukraine currently has about 1 million AK-74 assault rifles and RPK-74 light machine guns in service. Both weapons use Soviet 5.45×39 mm ammunition.
On May 20, 2016, Poroshenko, Ukraine's president, signed a comprehensive military reform plan called the Strategic Defense Bulletin.
The document calls for a total revamp of Ukraine's military doctrine, training, and operations to ultimately achieve the "full membership in NATO."
"We have finally abandoned the system of the Soviet army and started to build truly efficient armed forces," Poroshenko said. "It is very important for me, because it is evidence that Ukraine and NATO speak the same language and understand each other well."
Ukrainian troops on patrol in eastern Ukraine.
The Strategic Defense Bulletin directs the Ukrainian military to adopt NATO standards by 2020. It also singles out Russia as the No. 1 national security threat.
Ukrainian M16 production is a step—albeit a largely symbolic one—toward divorcing Ukraine from its Soviet military past by ditching Soviet weapons systems, thereby inching the country toward NATO interoperability.
"Every country that has teared itself away from Russia's orbit, went or is going through this difficult stage, taking many years and demanding great effort," Ukroboronprom, the Ukrainian defense industry conglomerate, said in a statement published to its website.
Ukraine will produce M16s for use by its armed forces, as well as for export. The deal, therefore, is a piece of a larger plan to reform and expand Ukraine's defense industry.
Joint ventures with foreign partners is a key part of reforming Ukraine's defense industry.
"Weapon manufacture in accordance with NATO standards is an important part of the development and reform of the Ukrainian defense industry," said Serhiy Mykytyuk, head of Ukroboronservis, according to a statement posted to the Ukroboronprom website.
A U.S. Army soldier with an M16 variant called the M4 in Afghanistan.
Aeroscraft, the American firm partnering with Ukroboronservis to produce M16s, is a California-based aviation company specializing in lighter-than-air aircraft—including airships intended for U.S. military use.
Pasternak, Aeroscraft's founder and CEO, was born in Soviet Kazakhstan and founded his first company, Aeros Ltd., in Ukraine. He immigrated to the U.S. in 1994, according to a biography published on Aeroscraft's website.
Ukrainian officials also want to make Ukraine one of the world's top arms exporters.
"Ukraine is rapidly increasing its military capacities," Poroshenko wrote in the introduction to the 2016-2017 Ukroboronprom product catalogue. "To become among the world's top-five arms exporters is our strategic objective."
In 2014, Ukraine was among the world's top 10 arms exporting nations, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Top 10 Non Firearm Meat Gathering Tools
When I was a kid I had a throwing stick. It worked great on small game whne I could hit one.
How Much Land Do I Need For Homesteading?
Quick reply to Total Self Independence".
Also don't forget to check out my GunBroker,Ebay accounts for firearms related items & FaceBook accounts.
The "Donald" jr Pushes for Firearm Silencers
https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/gu...cA1&ocid=edgsp
The federal government has strictly limited the sale of firearm silencers for as long as James Bond and big-screen gangsters have used them to discreetly shoot enemies between the eyes.
Now the gun industry, which for decades has complained about the restrictions, is pursuing new legislation to make silencers easier to buy, and a key backer is Donald Trump Jr., an avid hunter and the oldest son of the president-elect, who campaigned as a friend of the gun industry.
The legislation stalled in Congress last year. But with Republicans in charge of the House and Senate and the elder Trump moving into the White House, gun rights advocates are excited about its prospects this year.
They hope to position the bill the same way this time — not as a Second Amendment issue, but as a public-health effort to safeguard the eardrums of the nation's 55 million gun owners. They even named it the Hearing Protection Act. It would end treating silencers as the same category as machine guns and grenades, thus eliminating a $200 tax and a nine-month approval process.
"It's about safety," Trump Jr. explained in a September video interview with the founder of SilencerCo, a Utah silencer manufacturer. "It's a health issue, frankly."
Violence prevention advocates are outraged that the industry is trying to ease silencer restrictions by linking the issue to the eardrums of gun owners. They argue the legislation will make it easier for criminals and potential mass shooters to obtain devices to conceal attacks.
"They want the general public to think it's about hearing aids or something," said Kristen Rand, the legislative director of the Violence Policy Center. "It's both a silly and smart way to do it, I guess. But when the general public finds out what's really happening, there will be outrage."
The silencer industry and gun rights groups say critics are vastly overstating the dangers, arguing that Hollywood has created an unrealistic image of silencers, which they prefer to call "suppressors." They cite studies showing that silencers reduce the decibel level of a gunshot from a dangerous 165 to about 135 — the sound of a jackhammer — and that they are rarely used in crimes.
But gun-control activists say silencers are getting quieter, particularly in combination with subsonic ammunition, which is less lethal but still damaging. They point to videos on YouTube in which silencers make high-powered rifles have "no more sound than a pellet gun," according to one demonstrator showing off a silenced semiautomatic .22LR.
Proponents say that's not a good way to judge the sound.
"You're still going to hear the gunfire from far away," said Knox Williams, president of the American Suppressor Association. "These things are still incredibly loud."
Even with the restrictions, silencers have become one of the fastest-growing segments of the gun industry, which pushed accessories as gun sales level off. In 2010, there were 285,087 registered silencers. Last year: 902,085.
Rep. Matt Salmon, an Arizona Republican who regularly shoots with silencers, introduced the Hearing Protection Act in the House in 2015. A companion bill in the Senate was championed by Sen. Mike Crapo (R-Idaho).
Though the bill never made it to committee hearings, it generated tremendous interest, becoming the third most-viewed piece of legislation on Congress's website last year. (Top was the Democrat-led Assault Weapons Ban of 2015.)
Salmon recently retired, and it's not clear yet who will reintroduce the measure. The bill had 82 co-sponsors — all but two of them Republicans.
Easing the restrictions could have a profound public-health impact, champions of the legislation say.
Hunters often shoot without hearing protection so they can hear prey moving. Many recreational shooters don't like wearing ear covers, which can be heavy and hot and in gun ranges lead to many conversations ending with, "I can't hear you."
Silencers are also marketed as must-have attachments for high-powered rifles — a tactical necessity that reduces recoil, thus improving aim.
"Quiet guns are easier to shoot," the National Rifle Association says in its American Rifleman magazine. "Try it."
Silencer stigma
Silencers were invented in 1908 by Hiram Percy Maxim, a graduate of MIT whose father invented the first fully automatic machine gun. The younger Maxim had a knack for reducing loud noises; he also contributed to the development of the automobile muffler.
"I have always loved to shoot, but I never thoroughly enjoyed it when I knew that the noise was annoying other people," he said late in life. "It occurred to me one day that there was no need for the noise. Why not do away with it and shoot quietly?"
Maxim solved the problem in the bathtub. He noticed that the water swirled silently down the drain. What if the gases produced from firing a bullet could swirl that way, too? So Maxim put what he called "a whirling tube" on the end of a rifle. It successfully muffled the sound of the gunfire. Soon, the whirling tube was U.S. Patent No. 958,935, titled "Silent Firearm."
In the 1930s, to curtail gang violence, Congress passed the National Firearms Act, putting restrictions and special taxes on machine guns and other high-powered weapons. Though they hadn't been used frequently in crimes, silencers were included anyway, reportedly out of concern that poachers would use them to steal food during the Great Depression.
"It's a very strange tale," said Stephen Halbrook, a Virginia gun rights attorney who recently published a law review article about the history of silencers. "If you think about it, if [the Occupational Safety and Health Administration] had been around then, they probably would have required people use these things."
Though silencers are now legal in 42 states, industry officials say the onerous and expensive task of buying them keeps gun owners, particularly hunters, from their preferred method of protecting their hearing.
They frequently point out that Britain, with some of the strictest gun laws in the world, has no restrictions on silencers for many types of firearms.
"There isn't this negative stigma because of Hollywood that has suppressed — pun intended — the use of suppressors in this country," said Josh Waldron, the founder of SilencerCo, the Utah manufacturer.
Waldron started his company in 2008 after a career in photography, aiming to educate shooters about the benefits of silencers and to essentially hold buyers' hands through the purchasing process. He sells about 18,000 silencers a month.
"I want to create an environment where people understand the real purpose of these devices and that people aren't using them for nefarious acts," he said.
Criminals and silencers
Silencer use in crimes is likely to be the focus of the legislative debate later this year.
Gun rights proponents and the silencer industry cite a study showing that in California, from 1995 to 2005, silencers appeared to be used for criminal purposes only 153 times in federal cases.
"Suppressed firearms are clearly not the choice of criminals," according to a briefing paper by the National Shooting Sports Foundation, which is based in Newtown, Conn., and represents gun manufacturers. "The fears and concerns about suppressor ownership and use are unfounded and have not been seen in the over 100-year history of suppressors."
Gun-control advocates contend that serious crimes are being committed with silencers on guns. Former police officer Christopher Dorner used silencers on an AR-15 and a 9mm handgun during two-day rampage in Los Angeles in 2013.
A serial killer in Vermont used a silencer in the killing of at least one of his 11 victims.
And the planner of a disrupted mass shooting targeting a Masonic temple in Milwaukee last year was charged with possessing a silencer, in addition to other weapons charges.
"They wanted these things so they could kill quietly," said Rand, of the Violence Policy Center. "The industry wants to make silencers less scary, but they can't."
Gun owners such as Trump Jr. can't understand why people like Rand don't get it.
In the video, after he's shown shooting several guns with silencers, Trump Jr. says they can help with getting "little kids into the game."
"It's just a great instrument," he says. "There's nothing bad about it at all."
Thank You For 2016 & Wolf Situation Here Gone Bad
Russian wolf issues
Trapping Season Prep and Primer Discussion
A nice general talk from Dave Canterbury. No sales hype
SOLd Jackie Brown Fowler North West Trade Gun 62 c...
Lead Bullets,Shot & Sinkers Total Ban Comming Soon...
Ukraine's Plan to Manufacture US M16 Combat Rifles...


text:
E254: Jennifer Rogers - PAALS and Assistance Dogs
E253: Leslie McDevitt - "Have Some Latte..."
Setting Goals for the New Year: A discussion with Megan Foster, Petra Ford, and Sharon Carroll
E252: Erin Lynes - "Aged to Perfection: Living with Aging Dogs"
E251: Denise Fenzi - "FDSA in 2022"
E250: Dr. Daniel Promislow - "The Science of Aging Dogs"
E249: Amy Cook, PhD - "3 Ways to Change"
E248: Jane Ardern - "Training the High Drive Dog"
E247: Jake Schneider - "Grip Development for Bitey Sports"
E246: Heather Lawson - "Canine Good Citizens"
Positive Herding 101: Dog-friendly training (an excerpt)
E245: Barb Buchmayer - "Positive Herding"
E244: Kim Brophey - "Working Toward Harmonious Cohabitation"
Does 'No Food = No Work' With Your Dog? Here's How to Fix That
E243: Laura VanArendonk Baugh - Behavior Chains
E241: Sharon Carroll - "Training the Atypical Dog"
The Development of Fear
E240: Petra Ford - Fitness for the Sports Dog
E239: Nancy Gagliardi Little - "Unstick Your Heeling"
E238: Deb Jones - Cooperative Care, Zen Work & Consent
Reactive Trainer? And Why Does it Matter?
E237: Shade Whitesel and Ann Smorado - "Getting Ready for the Ring"
Does Your Dog Hate Going to the Vet? Here are 5 Things You Can do TODAY to Make it Better
Erin Lynes - "Dog Powered Sports with Erin Lynes"
Competition Dog Sport Trial Prep: Does Generalization Really Matter?
Behavior Science
Other Dog Sports
FDSA News
Select CategoryUncategorizedFDSA NewsObedienceAgilityTrackingPodcastNoseworkBlog Post RoundupHandlingBehavior ScienceMindsetOther Dog SportsHealth and FitnessFoundations
E197: Petra Ford - "The Making of a National Obedience Champion"
Melissa Breau
Petra joins me to chat about her recent first place at the National Obedience Championship and what it takes to get to the top.
Melissa Breau: This is Melissa Breau and you're listening to the Fenzi Dog Sports Podcast brought to you by the Fenzi Dog Sports Academy, an online school dedicated to providing high-quality instruction for competitive dog sports using only the most current and progressive training methods.
Today we'll be talking to Petra Ford.
Petra graduated from Rutgers School of Health Related Professions over 20 years ago with a degree in physical therapy. She attended the Canine Rehabilitation Institute in 2007 and is a certified Canine Rehabilitation Therapist. She has written several articles on canine conditioning, canine injury prevention, competing with your dog and more. She has been published a number of times in a number of magazines including Clean Run, Front and Finish, and Whole Dog Journal.
Petra trains and trials her Labrador Retrievers in obedience, agility, and field. Her black lab, Tyler, had the distinction of being the 2008 and 2009 National Obedience Champion and First Runner Up in 2010. In 2012, Petra and Tyler became the first American team to win the Obedience World Cup.
This year, Petra returned to the National Obedience Championship with Zeal — and she's back today to about that experience!
Hi Petra, welcome back and congrats!
Petra Ford: Hi, thank you so much for having me.
Melissa Breau: To start us out before we get into the fun stuff, can you just quickly remind listeners who your current crew is and what you're working on with everybody?
Petra Ford: My current crew is Zaiden; he's my retired agility dog. Then there's Zeal. He's my 8-year-old competition obedience dog. Zaina just finished her OTCH a month or two ago. And then I have Zesty, my 7-month-old puppy.
Melissa Breau: Awesome. This is your third time, am I right? Third time winning the National Obedience Championship?
Petra Ford: Third time, yes.
Melissa Breau: But your first time with Zeal. Can you share a little bit about your journey with him and maybe how it was different than the one you took with Tyler?
Petra Ford: They're completely and utterly different dogs, even though they're father and son. Zeal genetically was just a super-gifted, once-in-a-lifetime animal. He was very talented, so I just had to do my job and hang on for the ride. It wasn't really hard for him to compete at a high level. He loved it. He thrived with that.
Zeal is a completely different dog — super, super, super sensitive. He was incredibly environmentally sensitive as a puppy. I couldn't use a clicker, because if I clicked, he would flinch. He was motion sensitive, sound sensitive, afraid of inanimate objects. There was no rhyme or reason.
So things have been super challenging with him, just figuring out what works for him and figuring out what I could do to make him more confident and to make him comfortable and to help him be able to deal with all the pressure and stress that's inherent in any competition.
Melissa Breau: What do you know about training now that you wish you'd known when you first started? What lessons has Zeal taught you along the way?
Petra Ford: I wish I'd known everything then that I learned probably in the past almost year. I was just talking to some friends that were like, "How come this year was so different for him?" I guess it just took me that long to put all the pieces together.
I knew that pressure was a problem for him, environmental pressure. When he felt pressure, he would just shut down. He couldn't dig and push through. I knew that. I just didn't know how to help him overcome that. One of the things I figured out was a whole bunch of games that I do now that teach him to actually push into pressure as a game. I do it in a way that he has a completely different emotional relationship with it, so that when I say we're going to do this game that involves pushing into pressure, it makes him super happy and he does it really happily now. That made a huge difference. That was a big game changer, really pushed him through the last round of this NOC for sure.
A couple other things I did was I changed the way I handle him. I go into the ring more relaxed with him, less formal. I can't take credit for that. My training partner came up with the idea that when we're doing these regionals and tournaments, they're going in the ring again and again and again with no reinforcement at all. And our dogs … I think most dogs, if not all dogs, but for sure I can say our dogs, when they over time don't get reinforcement, they start to get worried. They're not sure if they're correct or am I doing the right thing.
I've never done this before, but now in-between, like Sunday morning and Sunday at lunch, I took him into the practice ring, but all I did was just reinforce: feed, feed, feed, games, games, games, toy, toy, toy, heavy reinforcement, and I really think that helped him. So a bunch of things that all just came together.
Melissa Breau: You mentioned your training partner in there. I saw you wrote a huge thank-you post up on Facebook, so I wanted to give you a chance, first of all, to do your Academy Award thank-you's. But just talk a little bit about the role that your training community has played in helping you get to where you are today.
Petra Ford: For one, I train by myself I would say a fair amount in the sense that I don't go to a school, I don't have a school, I don't take classes, I don't go to classes, so a percentage of my training I do on my own.
But you can't just do it all on your own because you need a person to help be a distractor. But for me, more importantly is I need a sounding board. I need somebody to help me problem-solve. My training is all about constantly trying new things and experimenting and figuring things out, and you can't do that on your own.
I'm pretty selective about my training partners in the sense that I want them to feel comfortable to tell me their thoughts and opinions, to give me their feedback, and I want people that enjoy problem solving. We love figuring things out, we love experimenting, we love trying different things. I also think things have changed tremendously for me and for my two training partners because we have so much access now to so much information. I'm afraid to look and see how many webinars and workshops and things I have in my fancy library, and listening to podcasts and classes, and they do that as well. That's why I love to train, really, is the problem solving. There's never just one way. People that, "How do you train that?" I have no idea, because it changes every dog, every time I play around. So you can't do it without a training partner, my training partner.
The other thing about training partners is moral support. The truth of the matter is there were many times where I said, "I just don't think Zeal can do it." Not in a mean way or in a bad way. He's just not a confident, tough dog. And they never stopped believing that we could figure it out. Even when I was like, "I just don't think he can do it," a week or two later they're like, "All right, come on. We're going to figure this out." So yeah, can't really do it without your training partners. And you need training partners that are positive people and just love positive problem solving, looking for answers.
Melissa Breau: Zaina says yes.
Petra Ford: Yes. Zaina, you have a lot to say today. She's not happy that her mother was away without her.
Melissa Breau: Do you have any words of advice for listeners who have big dreams for themselves and their dogs, but they aren't sure how to find or build that right circle around themselves?
Petra Ford: I'm a freak about mental management, positive thinking. I listen to mountains of things. I meditate. I was listening to a book on the way home, and again the guy said you just have to be selective. If a person is being negative and doesn't have solutions and is always in a negative state of mind, then that's not good for you. It's not a healthy relationship. You need to distance yourself from that. So I've learned over time to do that.
And eventually the universe does take care of things and it just draws people into your circle that are like-minded, and then that's who I stick with. I stick with those people that are like-minded and that think positive. My circle is much smaller and I think that's fine, because it's small but effective, and it's small but happy, and it's small and supportive.
I think a lot of times people are just afraid to step away. Maybe they're afraid if they step away they'll have no one, or they feel bad for the other person. But ultimately if it's not good for you, it's not going to be good for your dog. So if someone walks in cranky or negative, then I'm going to feel it and then my dog's going to feel it. I don't know if that was helpful or not.
Melissa Breau: Yeah. You mentioned mental management in there. Can you talk about that a little bit more? What that looks like for you, how that impacted things?
Petra Ford: It's huge. It's a major, major factor. When I first went to the NOC with Tyler, actually a year to the day before the NOC, someone was giving a seminar at the dog school and it was Jane Savoie. She's a dressage writer. She wrote a book. I went out and got the book because I had to be prepared, I read the book, and every chapter was like, "You shouldn't do this, you should do this instead." Everything in the book you're not supposed to do, I did. So I was like, oh boy, I'm in trouble.
I made a vow that I would work on it every single day, and it took ten months before I could do all those things in there, like not have self-doubt, think positive thoughts, set goals, visualize, because my mental mindset was very bad. I was very much negative mindset, always self-sabotaging, no self-confidence, very insecure.
My goal for that first NOC was that I would follow my path, that I would think positive, do all the things I had been practicing for those ten months. That was my goal. I achieved that goal, and winning was actually the by-product of my following through with my mental management plan, if that makes sense.
With Zeal, I'm human and there have been some life things going on in the past few years. I again lost my self-confidence and whatever. He struggled. I lost confidence in myself, like maybe I'm not a good enough trainer, maybe I can't really do this, maybe I can't figure it out.
Believe it or not, the pandemic for me had a lot of positives, and one of them was my spiritual mentor was like, "You have to get back to the basics, get back to your roots." I started heavily meditating again and working on my mental game … not just my mental game, just mentally bringing myself into a better place, and I got there maybe four to six weeks ago, just in time, I guess, so that when I got there I really was in a good place. I wasn't there saying, "I have to win, I have to win." I wanted to see could I keep him happy, could I keep him in a good mental place, could I carry him through. I just wanted to see how far I could get him through the weekend. And then, as a by-product, good things happened.
Melissa Breau: Do you feel like you accomplished those goals for yourself over the weekend?
Petra Ford: I did. Yeah, I did. I'm super happy with that. He was really, really happy. I went back today and looked at the final round videos where by then the dogs are really exhausted. They've gone in the ring so many times, there's so many distractions, there's so much pressure on the rings just in terms of things going on in multiple rings. You can't see it in the videos. The announcer's booth was right up on the left side. It was crazy. It's just so hard for them. He looked pretty bouncy and happy and relaxed, so I was super thrilled with that. So yeah, I think we did it.
Melissa Breau: I was watching the videos you shared, and his little tail was going pretty constantly. I know you mentioned they were very different dogs, but are there also differences in how you approach training with Tyler and with Zeal?
Petra Ford: Yeah. Tyler, the first sport I did with him when he was a puppy, I still was clicker training him for obedience, but he was also field trained, so he was collar conditioned. He was force-fetched the way they do in the field, and he was on a prong collar. I did use, especially early on, they called them motivational pops, popping a dog on the prong collar. He was a pretty spectacular dog that I didn't really, over the course of his career, need to correct him much or use much compulsion, just because he was who he was, but that's how I was training at the time. We did also use tugs and toys and stuff, but it was mixed in, there was no question.
Zeal, forget it, there's no way any of that would have ever worked for him. He would have just dropped dead and died. He just can't handle. He's just so sensitive. So he's been trained all positive, there's no other choice. Which is how I want to train now, but even if I didn't want it, I wouldn't have had a choice. The poor dog. Thank God I moved away from that, because he would have never survived.
I don't think I've trained any of my dogs, even Zaina now or Zesty, the same, because I'm constantly trying to come up with better ways and I'm constantly playing around and experimenting. I listen to a podcast, it'll give me an idea, and I'm like, oh, I wonder what I can do with that, and then I just start playing with that, and next thing you know, I'm doing it differently again. I think everybody should do that. I try to encourage my students all the time.
I don't have a method. I think in traditional obedience, competition obedience, there are different trainers under different schools and they have methods, and all those methods aren't bad, but they're every dog and "This is the method and this is how we train." I just think it's so much better if there is not a method, if the method is just figure out what works best for that particular dog. And then, even when you have that figured out, keep trying, because it can always be better. All I know is the more I train, the more I know that I really don't know.
Melissa Breau: Hopefully, as you train, you also become a better trainer, so different things become more effective even with different dogs, even if you have the same dog to do over again.
Petra Ford: That's true too.
Melissa Breau: You started to get into this a little bit and I'd love to have you elaborate. How have the things that you've learned, and some of the things that you're trying and experimenting with, impacted your plans with your younger dogs?
Petra Ford: All these pressure games that I'm doing now with an adult, a very seasoned dog, I started doing them with my puppy when I brought him home 7 weeks old. I threw him on the platform, put enormous high value on the platform, and started doing the pressure games with him as a puppy.
So I'm looking at things now where typically we'll train a dog, and then when a dog is trained, we'll teach them how to deal with distractions and pressure. I'm doing that now when they're little babies, because then it's not a thing. It's already conditioned in that it's not a big deal.
When they're young, they're so plastic and so malleable that if I just expose them to all of that, I think it will be a lot easier when they're older. I pretty much take everything I've learned that I wish I had done with the current dog when they were young, and do it with my puppies and my younger dogs right away. And then I'll get another puppy in four years and … well, even with these dogs, I'm sure in three or four years I'll be like, oh, I wish I did that when they were young.
Melissa Breau: We talked about the mental management piece, what you did leading up, but in terms of training, or in terms of other preparation, is there anything special that you did leading up to the trial to make sure you and Zeal both brought your best foot forward?
Petra Ford: At the NOC, it's a couple of things. One is that they're going again and again, and a lot of times they're going in multiple rings, rapid fire, which is very hard for a dog.
Some people say it's only three exercises compared to five, but a dog doesn't sit there and go in the ring and count. At least, I don't think they do. I think once they go into the ring, it's like they cross this barrier and now it smells different, it sounds different, they haven't been in there before. It's unique and there are unique pressures in there. And so they go in, they come out, and then immediately they go in another ring again and come out, and then within 10 or 15 minutes go in another. I think that's super hard. So I'll train that concept with them where I'll set up a ring, go in, do two or three things, come out, lay on your mat for a few minutes, go in again, come out.
I also try to proof for as many unique things. Because there are so many rings going on simultaneously, for example, something the dogs found super challenging at this NOC is the go-outs with the directed jumping. The picture was very visually challenging for them, but I think what made it even more difficult was they were running towards pressure.
For example, in the final round, you line your dog up, you show them the go-out, they look out and there's a dog heeling against that ring, the back gate. So the dogs look, they see a dog and handler, they don't want to run towards that. That's not natural. They don't want to run at that. Conversely, if you're on the other side of the ring, you stand your dog for signals, now their back is to the ring where the dogs are running towards them, towards the go-out and towards the glove, that's happening behind them.
So there are a lot of different scenarios. I try to pull the pieces and just show them to the dog so that they're comfortable with that. I've had scenarios where you're in one ring, your dog's running towards the go-out, then the other ring the dog is running, so they're basically in essence running towards one another, things like that. Anything I've experienced at past NOC's that I can think of, I set those scenarios up and I set them up in a way that I don't just do it. I break it down so the dog can be successful. So we do that.
Honestly, a week before, I gave him a week and a half off where he did nothing. And then a week or so before, I do very little, just make him right, make him right, make him right. I think mostly that's it. And a lot of pressure work. Again, positive as a game, but a lot of pressure work because that's a huge component of what they deal with, I think, in the ring in general, but for sure at the NOC.
Melissa Breau: You mentioned that one of the things that you tried this time that was different specifically for Zeal was in-between going to the practice ring to do those food rewards. Do you think that that's something that you'll carry on and do with other dogs, or do you think that's really a Zeal-specific strategy?
Petra Ford: No, I think that's something I'm going to start doing with all dogs, because it's really just rate of reinforcement. It doesn't matter which dog you have, they're going in the ring.
For instance, take a regional. This is where my friend came up with the idea. It's three days in a row, they do utility and open each day, and then usually there are some runoffs. That's a lot. Each run is eight to nine minutes. That's a long time for two days in a row where the dogs are performing an enormous chain of exercises with a lot of precision and they're getting no reinforcement.
So I think for sure I'm going to start doing that, because I think just throwing and then going in and reinforcing those things, I think people have this misconception like, oh, my dog only works for the food or not for the food. I don't think it has anything to do with that if you have a well-trained dog. I think it's that the dogs get worried. They get insecure. They're not sure. "I'm going, I'm going, I'm going, I'm not getting anything. Am I right? Am I OK? Am I doing the right thing?" So I think adding that in builds up their confidence. So absolutely I'm going to do that with all of my dogs.
Melissa Breau: We talked about leading up what you did, but I'd love to give listeners the bigger picture, a little insight into what really goes into it when, like Zeal, you mentioned he's 8. What does a training routine typically look like? How long have you and Zeal really been prepping for this?
Petra Ford: In my mind, my goal for my dogs is to compete at regionals and the NOC. That's my goal when I get a dog. In my mind, from day one, that's what I'm prepping for.
My training sessions vary a lot because I feel that you really have to have a lot of balance in your training. For example, I'll have one training session where it's all motivation. For example, throw the dumbbell, the dog picks it up, yes, on their way back I throw their toy or I throw a cookie, no pressure, just fun, fun, fun, everything run, get rewarded. That will be what I would call a motivational session.
If I have a fully trained dog, another day I might work on chaining, where the dog is learning that just because you didn't get a reinforcer, just keep going, it's coming. They understand to do two or three things in a row, then they get a big jackpot.
Another day I might work on distractions. On my way to work I'll stop at a Lowe's or a Home Depot or a parking lot, depending on their level, and just work on distraction work. Another day I might work on skills, so something my dog's weak on or I'd like to improve, or something I'm teaching them, we just work on those pieces. If I have a different day where I'm training with someone, then I'm going to use that person as a judge or as a distractor or as pretending they're a steward, that kind of thing. So my sessions just vary all the time. Because I think there's so many different pieces, in order to hit them all you just have to keep mixing it up and mixing it up.
I don't typically train long sessions, hours and hours. I feel like it's quality over quantity. I feel I'm better off with shorter sessions where I know exactly what I want to do, and if my dog does it right, I move on. I don't beat a dead horse. If my dog does something right three times in a row, we're done. That's it. I will never do four. If my dog struggles with something, we make some progress on it, done. I'm out. We move on. I don't believe in doing really long sessions.
Zeal I only need to train three, four days a week. Zaina I probably train five, maybe sometimes six. That's not as many times as I would want to train a dog. She is a super high-drive dog, so she demands that much work. I think four to five days is enough.
Melissa Breau: Are there any training tips or pieces of advice that jump out at you as something that's really helped throughout your training journey?
Petra Ford: To this day I will say … and I always go back to this because in essence, the foundation of my training, there are a lot of concepts. One I just mentioned, where I'll never do more than three correct. A lot of these concepts I got from my first field trainer, who is actually the guy that bred his dog for me and gave me Tyler as a gift. He was my mentor in my first real dog sport, which was field training. He was very different from most field trainers in that he was very scientific and he thought about things all the time. He taught me a lot of concepts that to this day carry through to my training. So he would be the first one. Are you asking … you want specific things or …
Melissa Breau: Up to you. You can interpret that how you want to. I think it's all useful info.
Petra Ford: I fall back a lot on a lot of mental management things because I think obedience training can be very frustrating. I see that a lot because it's a tough sport. It's really hard.
I think it's super important to read your dog. I can't overemphasize that enough. And that's where people really struggle. They look for a technique, like, how do you teach this? First you do X, then you do Y. I'd love for people to be more excited or interested in learning how to actually read their dog. What is the dog saying to them? I think that's super important. John taught me that, and some other instructors have taught me that.
I think the mental management part for me, like never giving up. Even sometimes I throw up my hands and a week later I'm like, I'm going to figure that out if it's the last thing I do. So I think about a lot of mental management things all the time.
Melissa Breau: So congrats again on the win.
Petra Ford: Thank you. Thank you. Thank you very much.
Melissa Breau: Before we go, I just want to quickly mention that this will be out Friday, so technically you'll have done it the day before people listen to this, but you are doing a webinar for us this week.
Petra Ford: I am, and it's a super-fun webinar for me. I hope people are interested in it because, again, it hits on that thing of thinking outside the box, being creative, blending things. So it's saying we don't have to throw out all of the traditional training methods, because they weren't all bad and mean. There were a lot of good things there. And we don't have to be afraid of the science the way I used to be, because there's a lot of good information there too. We can blend the two. And then we can even take that and tweak it even more into our own way.
I think a lot of times people are afraid. They're insecure, they're not sure, they don't want to mess it up. Or they're like, "I don't know how to do that." I can't tell you how many times I've done things and they didn't work out, and it's OK. So it didn't work. All right, well, I won't keep doing that. I didn't completely mess my dog up; it just didn't work, so we tried something else, and then that didn't work. I've been on that path with Zeal. I can tell you how many things I've done that didn't work. No big deal. Just try again.
I think I'd rather see somebody try things that don't work, but I'll be like, "Yeah, that's it, keep trying, good." Then the person that's just frozen and only wants to be spoon-fed instruction because our dogs are fluid, they're … I don't know … to me, they're little people in furry bodies. They change.
I love when I say to my student, "Do it this way," and they're like, "But last lesson you said do it that way." I'm like, "Well, that was then, this is now." It changed. They change. Sometimes I say, "Try that," and it doesn't work. All right, so now we have to do it different. Or the dogs change. They get more confident, or maybe something confuses them. So you constantly have to be thinking and reading and experimenting and playing around. You can't just follow the recipe. Don't follow the recipe.
Melissa Breau: There isn't a recipe.
Petra Ford: There's no recipe. Throw the recipe out the window. I dare you.
Melissa Breau: I feel like if you can say that, having accomplished all you've accomplished…
Petra Ford: I think I've accomplished what I've accomplished because of that, honestly. I really and honestly do. I can give countless examples and I think that's why.
Here's one example. Most people teach a stanchion, and that's how I was taught. Teach your go-out, run to a stanchion, or run to a pole, on the West Coast. And that's great. When the stanchion is in the middle, a new dog can see the stanchion. That's how I trained Tyler, except that whenever the stanchion wasn't in the middle, or he couldn't see it, or the color was different, he was not sure. After that I said, "I am never teaching a stanchion again." At the time it was a big deal. I was going against the grain and there was a lot of resistance.
Well, let me tell you, twice now … the first NOC I went to with Zeal, he placed third, and this time he won it, and both times I think that the go-outs were a big factor. A lot of dogs struggled at the first NOC because there was no center stanchion and it was a debacle. He went straight. And in this NOC a lot of dogs did not go straight. They went way over to the side. And in this case I think again it's because I did not teach my dog at stanchion. I just taught them to go straight and I taught them to go into pressure. So I feel like that's just one example of where I think because I'm willing to throw out the recipe that I've been able to achieve what I've achieved.
Melissa Breau: For anybody who does want to pick up the webinar, it will not be out super long after this airs. So if you're listening to this, go over, scoop it up if you want it, because it will probably come down within a day or two of this going up.
Thank you so much, Petra. I really appreciate it. I know you just got back and you're presenting this week and I was still like, "Hey, can we chat?"
Petra Ford: That's OK, thank you. I'm excited to do it, always excited to talk to you, and grateful to Denise and the school for providing such a great environment. I learn from teaching and I learn from all the other instructors, so I'm super happy to do it.
Melissa Breau: Thank you again, and thank you to all of our listeners for tuning in. We'll be back next week. Don't miss it! If you haven't already, subscribe to our podcast in iTunes or the podcast app of your choice to have our next episode automatically downloaded to your phone as soon as it becomes available.
Today's show is brought to you by the Fenzi Dog Sports Academy. Special thanks to Denise Fenzi for supporting this podcast. Music provided royalty-free by BenSound.com; the track featured here is called "Buddy." Audio editing provided by Chris Lang.
Thanks again for tuning in -- and happy training!
E198: 2020 in Review at FDSA
FAQs: Everything You Need to Know About Running A-...
Melissa is FDSA's resident marketing geek. She teaches two classes here at FDSA: Marketing for Pet Professionals & Building a Wordpress Website.
In addition to teaching, she hosts the Fenzi Dog Sports Podcast, coordinates webinars, helps maintain the FDSA facebook page, runs the Ripple Effect group for dog trainers using Fenzi Principles, and other random odds and ends as needed. She is currently owned by a GSD with a championship in Treibball (and who is now learning obedience), a English Cocker Spaniel, and a small tuxedo kitty.
You can learn more about Melissa on her website www.clickandrepeat.com.
Friday, 14 January 2022 E254: Jennifer Rogers - PAALS and Assistance Dogs
Friday, 07 January 2022 E253: Leslie McDevitt - "Have Some Latte..."
Sunday, 02 January 2022 Setting Goals for the New Year: A discussion with Megan Foster, Petra Ford, and Sharon Carroll
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On October 27th, APAC successfully presented the first edition of our autumn flash session, organised with the Consorci d'Educació de Barcelona, and with the collaboration of our partner Trinity College London and the Associació de Mestres Rosa Sensat.
This flash session was addressed to English teachers from pre-school, primary and secondary education, who joined a team of great teachers to discuss the relationship between creativity, communication and learning.
Participants also developed resources and materials to implement creativity, competence-based assessment and ICT tools in their everyday teaching.
One session on the use of ICT, with Òscar del Estal for primary and Mireia Xortó and Mar Rosso for secondary.
One session on competence-based assessment, with Shaun Sweeney, from Trinity College London.
One session on designing tasks that enhance students' creativity, with Maria Mont and Alexandra Bonet for primary and Àngels Bosacoma and Marta Rius for secondary.
Pay in cash on the day of the session, or contact APAC to arrange a transfer.


text:
31.  Monday.   Judge Morgan; Oliver s grandfather over to see
the horses.  A short, stoutish old gentleman, in grey coat and felt
cap; possessing an emphatic, but good-humored style of swearing.
Subsequently I, with Keene Richards rode over to Mr Morgan s
house, he on his Arab, passing on our way Mr Alick Keene s
house.     Arrived; the house is a very handsome, two story one, finely
fitted up inside.     Some company there, relatives and friends.  We
dine, ramble about, look over the cotton gin at work &c.  Oliver
appeared to great advantage.  I never saw more manly, unaffected
hospitality and goodfeeling.      The handsome, summery house, with
its free and easy  Do what thou wilt  ways, and pleasant people will
not easily pass from my memory.          Rode back to Keene Richards in
the evening, in company with him and Yusef.    This day Maurice
went of per steamboat for New Orleans.
{1.  Tuesday       Riding and rambling about.  Saw the whole
2.  Wednesday}       cotton process, from picking it in the fields. This
is done very rapidly, the boll being plucked of the cotton which is part in
large bags, one or two of which is attached to each person & they pass
up the long rows with them.   At nightfall each persons work is weighed,
a record kept by the overseer.  There s a stated quantity for each slave,
but its often exceeded, being put at a low estimate.   One  boy  was spoken
of as having picked 750 lbs in a day, but this was a thing to boast
of.      The Gins are spacious, steam worked buildings, always at
work (save on Sundays.)   Mr Wallis Keene s recently erected one, com
bining a saw mill was reckoned to cost $2000   At the top of these
buildings is an extensive place for drying the cotton; then in the gin it
is all torn into shreds, the seed extracted, passed into a room, where
Title: Thomas Butler Gunn Diaries, Volume Six: page one hundred and eighty-two
Description: Describes the process of harvesting cotton.
Subject: Agriculture; Gunn, Thomas Butler; Keane, Alick; Keane, Maurice; Keane, Wallis; Kellam, Oliver; Morgan, Judge; Richards, Addison Keane; Slaveholders; Slavery; Slaves; Travel; Yusef
Coverage (City/State): [Transylvania, Louisiana]
Scan Date: 2011-02-02
Title: Thomas Butler Gunn Diaries, Volume Six
Description: Includes descriptions of Gunn's writing and drawing work in New York, a visit to the Catskill Mountains, attending the wedding of his friend Charles Damoreau (Brown), a visit to the Crystal Palace in New York, his friend Lotty's difficult marriage to John Whytal, a sailing trip around Lake Superior, a visit to Mackinac Island in Michigan, a visit to Mammoth Cave in Kentucky, and a journey by horseback from Kentucky to Louisiana with friends.
Subject: African Americans; Gunn, Thomas Butler; Marriage; Native Americans; Publishers and publishing; Slavery; Travel; Women
Coverage (City/State): New York, New York; Michigan; Wisconsin; Ohio; Kentucky; Mississippi; Alabama; Louisiana
Note: Thomas Butler Gunn was born February 15, 1826, in Banbury, England, and came to New York in 1849. During the Civil War he worked as a correspondent for the New York Tribune and the New York Evening Post. He returned to England in 1863, and died in Birmingham in April 1903. The collection includes twenty-one volumes of his diaries, including newspaper clippings, letters, photographs, sketches, and various other items inserted by Gunn. Diary entries date from July 7, 1849, to April 7, 1863, and include his experiences with the New York publishing and literary world, his descriptions of boarding houses, his travels throughout the United States, and his experiences traveling with the Federal army as a Civil War correspondent.
Publisher: Missouri History Museum
Rights: Copyright 2011 Missouri History Museum.
Source: Page images, transcriptions, and metadata of the Thomas Butler Gunn diaries have been provided by the Missouri History Museum.


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text:
Monday's Broadcast Ratings: ABC, "The Good Doctor" Top Competition
By The Futon Critic Staff (TFC)
Primetime Preliminary Fast National Nielsen Data
(includes all DVR playback through 3:00 am)
Here are the highlights of the 14 ad-sustained programs that aired in primetime on the broadcast networks last night (1/8/18):
ABC (6.410 million viewers, #1; adults 18-49: 1.5, #1) was still the top draw on Monday with new episodes of "The Bachelor" (5.506 million viewers, #4; adults 18-49: 1.4, #T2) and "The Good Doctor" (8.218 million viewers, #1; adults 18-49: 1.6, #1).
CBS (5.103 million viewers, #2; adults 18-49: 0.9, #2) then was the number two network despite an all-repeat lineup of "The Big Bang Theory" (7.685 million viewers, #2; adults 18-49: 1.4, #T2), "Kevin Can Wait" (5.485 million viewers, #5; adults 18-49: 1.1, #T4), "Young Sheldon" (5.908 million viewers, #3; adults 18-49: 1.1, #T4), "Superior Donuts" (4.435 million viewers, #7; adults 18-49: 0.8, #T7) and "SWAT" (3.551 million viewers, #9; adults 18-49: 0.6, #T9).
Next up was NBC (4.033 million viewers, #3; adults 18-49: 0.8, #3) with "The Wall" (5.042 million viewers, #6; adults 18-49: 1.0, #6), "Better Late Than Never" (4.094 million viewers, #8; adults 18-49: 0.8, #T7) and the return of "The Brave" (2.963 million viewers, #10; adults 18-49: 0.6, #T9).
Meanwhile, FOX (1.741 million viewers, #4; adults 18-49: 0.5, #4) offered up repeats of "Lucifer" (2.057 million viewers, #11; adults 18-49: 0.6, #T9) and "The Gifted" (1.425 million viewers, #12; adults 18-49: 0.4, #12).
And finally, second runs of "Supergirl" (1.053 million viewers, #13; adults 18-49: 0.3, #13) and "Arrow" (0.832 million viewers, #14; adults 18-49: 0.2, #14) on The CW (0.942 million viewers, #5; adults 18-49: 0.2, #5) rounded out the night.
Week-to-week changes (adults 18-49):
+25.00% - The Wall
+14.29% - Better Late Than Never
-5.88% - The Good Doctor (vs. 12/4/17)
-6.67% - The Bachelor
-33.33% - The Brave (vs. 11/20/17)
Year-to-year changes (adults 18-49):
+88.24% - The Good Doctor (vs. Big Fan)
-9.09% - The Wall (vs. The Celebrity Apprentice)
-25.00% - The Brave (vs. The Wall (Repeat))
-27.27% - Better Late Than Never (vs. The Celebrity Apprentice)
-33.33% - The Bachelor
In late-night metered market ratings (via NBC's press release):
· In Nielsen's 56 metered markets, household results were: "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon," 1.5/3; "Late Show with Stephen Colbert," 2.8/7; and ABC's "Jimmy Kimmel Live," 2.0/5.
· In the 25 markets with Local People Meters, adult 18-49 results were: "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon," 0.4/2; "Late Show," 0.5/2; and "Jimmy Kimmel Live," 0.6/3.
· From 12:35-1:05 a.m. ET, ABC's "Nightline" averaged a 1.4/5 in metered-market households and a 0.4/3 in 18-49 in the Local People Meters.
· From 12:35-1:35 a.m. ET, ratings were: "Late Night with Seth Meyers," 0.9/3 in metered-market households with an encore; CBS's "Late Late Show," 1.2/4. In the 25 markets with Local People Meters, averages were: "Late Night," 0.3/2 in 18-49 with an encore; "Late Late Show," 0.2/2.
· At 1:35 a.m., "Last Call with Carson Daly" averaged a 0.6/3 in metered-market households with an encore and a 0.2/2 in adults 18-49 in the 25 markets with local people meters.
Here are the highlights of the 13 ad-sustained programs that aired in primetime on the broadcast networks one year ago (1/9/17):
ABC (5.381 million viewers, #2; adults 18-49: 1.7, #1) staked claim to the top spot on Monday with a new "The Bachelor" (6.493 million viewers, #2; adults 18-49: 2.1, #1) followed by the premiere of "Big Fan" (3.570 million viewers, #8; adults 18-49: 1.0, #T5) and a second "Big Fan" (2.741 million viewers, #10; adults 18-49: 0.7, #T9).
CBS (5.715 million viewers, #1; adults 18-49: 1.0, #T2) then was the silver draw with its mix of "The Big Bang Theory" (8.540 million viewers, #1; adults 18-49: 1.6, #2), "Kevin Can Wait" (5.910 million viewers, #3; adults 18-49: 1.2, #3), "Man with a Plan" (5.076 million viewers, #4; adults 18-49: 1.0, #T5), a new "The Odd Couple" (5.021 million viewers, #5; adults 18-49: 1.0, #T5) and "Scorpion" (4.872 million viewers, #6; adults 18-49: 0.7, #T9).
Next up was NBC (3.540 million viewers, #3; adults 18-49: 1.0, #T2) with week two of "The Celebrity Apprentice" (3.919 million viewers, #7; adults 18-49: 1.1, #4) and a repeat of "The Wall" (2.784 million viewers, #9; adults 18-49: 0.8, #8).
Meanwhile, FOX (2.329 million viewers, #4; adults 18-49: 0.7, #4) served up an encore of "Showtime at the Apollo" (2.329 million viewers, #11; adults 18-49: 0.7, #T9).
And finally, repeats of "Supergirl" (1.216 million viewers, #12; adults 18-49: 0.3, #T12) and "Penn & Teller: Fool Us" (1.154 million viewers, #13; adults 18-49: 0.3, #T12) closed out the night for The CW (1.185 million viewers, #5; adults 18-49: 0.3, #5).
0.00% - The Bachelor
0.00% - The Odd Couple
-15.38% - The Celebrity Apprentice
+10.53% - The Bachelor
0.00% - Big Fan - 10:00 (vs. The Bachelor Live)
-6.78% - The Celebrity Apprentice (vs. Various)
-23.08% - The Odd Couple (vs. Scorpion (Repeat))
-30.00% - Big Fan - 10:30 (vs. The Bachelor Live)
· In Nielsen's 56 metered markets, household results were: "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon," 1.6/4 with an encore telecast; "Late Show with Stephen Colbert," 2.1/5; and ABC's "Jimmy Kimmel Live," 1.5/4.
· In the 25 markets with Local People Meters, adult 18-49 results were: "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon," 0.5/2 with an encore; "Late Show," 0.4/2; and "Jimmy Kimmel Live," 0.4/2.
· From 12:35-1:35 a.m. ET, ratings were: "Late Night with Seth Meyers," 1.0/3 in metered-market households; CBS's "Late Late Show," 1.1/4. In the 25 markets with Local People Meters, averages were: "Late Night," 0.3/2 in 18-49; "Late Late Show," 0.3/2.
Source: Nielsen Media Research
[january 2018]


text:
François Guessard (París, 28 de gener del 1814 − Le Mesnil-Durand, Calvados, 7 de maig 1882) fou un filòleg romanista i medievalista francès. En la seua joventut Francés Rainoard el reclutà per treballar com a redactor del seu Lexique roman, junt amb Augustin Thierry i Claude Fauriel. Guessard entraria després en l'École des Chartes en 1837. El 1846 rivalitzà amb François Génin, a qui havia criticat fortament el treball Des variations du langage français. Ambdós optaven al premi de l'Académie française que finalment fou entregat ex aequo. L'obra de Guessard Vocabulaire des principales locutions de Molière es quedà sense publicar.

Obres
Guessard participà en la creació de l'obra en 10 volums Les anciens poètes de la France (Paris 1859-1870, Nendeln 1966). En concret es publicaren els següents volums:

 Gui de Bourgogne/Otinel/Floovant (François Guessard i Henri Michelant), 1859
 Doon de Maience (Alexandre Pey), 1859
 Gaufrey (François Guessard i Polycarpe Chabaille), 1859
 Fierabras/Parise la Duchesse (Auguste Kroeber i Gustave Servois), 1860
 Huon de Bordeaux (François Guessard i Charles de Grandmaison), 1860
 Aye d'Avignon/Gui de Nanteuil (François Guessard i Paul Meyer), 1861
 Gaydon (François Guessard i Siméon Luce), 1862
 Hugues Capet (Adélaïde Édouard Le Lièvre marquis de La Grange), 1864
 Macaire (François Guessard), 1866
 Aliscans (François Guessard i Anatole de Montaiglon), 1870

Altres obres són:
 «Grammaires romanes inédites, du treizième siècle», dintre de Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, 1 (1840), p. 125-203 (en linea).
 Mémoires et lettres de Marguerite de Valois, Paris, 1842 (publication de la Société de l'histoire de France).
 F. Guessard, «Programme du cours de langues romanes professé à l'École des chartes», dintre de Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, 43 (1882), p. 587-593, à la p. 857. (en linea)
 (collaborateur) Recueil des monuments inédits de l'histoire du Tiers-Etat (vegeu Gallica).

Bibliografia

 Charles Marty-Laveaux, Nota necrològica a Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, 43 (1882), p. 565-593 [en linea].
 Françoise Vieilliard, «L'enseignement de Champollion-Figeac (1830-1848), François Guessard (1847-1869), Paul Meyer (1869-1916), Clovis Brunel (1916-1954) à l'École des chartes», dintre de L'École nationale des chartes. Histoire de l'École depuis 1821, Thionville, 1997.

Historiadors parisencs
Romanistes francesos
Medievalistes francesos
Membres de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres
Alumnes de l'École des Chartes
Morts a Normandia
Lingüistes parisencs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Healthcare across EU borders: a safe framework - European Union Committee Contents
CHAPTER 5: Communication, provision of information and language considerations
94. In this chapter we consider the provision of information in cross-border healthcare—what this information should comprise, where responsibility rests for ensuring its availability and what issues might need to be addressed in its provision. We also explore how the issue of language variation across the Member States should be addressed in the cross-border healthcare context.
Contents of the proposal
95. Under the Directive, the home Member State shall ensure that there are mechanisms in place to provide patients on request with information on receiving healthcare in other Member States, and the terms and conditions that would apply, for example, when harm is caused as a result of healthcare received in another Member State. This information should be made easily accessible, including by electronic means, and shall include information on patients' entitlements, on procedures for taking up those entitlements and on systems of appeal and redress. Article 10, which sets down these requirements, also states that the Commission may develop a standard Community format for this information.[36]
96. The Directive also proposes the establishment of national contact points to address information requirements. The form and number of the national contact points is to be decided by individual Member States.[37] Within the home Member State, the national contact point should provide and disseminate information to patients on their rights to cross-border healthcare and the processes involved in exercising those rights. They should also help patients to protect their rights and to seek redress where necessary.[38]
Information: why it is needed and what it should cover
97. There was a general recognition of the need for provision of information on cross-border healthcare. (QQ 28, 118, 253, pp 53, 54, 91, 92, 168) In particular, information was required to enable patients to make an informed decision about whether to use cross-border care. PA Consulting highlighted that "people would make a choice on a small number of factors" and that, in the absence of real information, patients might make a choice that they would later regret. (Q 28) The Patient Liaison Group of the Royal College of Surgeons highlighted a current lack of knowledge about using cross-border healthcare and suggested that it "will only be an advantage if patients are given enough information on which to base their decision to seek treatment from another state." (p 53, 54)
98. The Royal College of Nursing (RCN) highlighted the need for information for healthcare professionals as well as for patients; this was not explicitly addressed in the proposal. Given the role of health professionals in advising patients and assisting in the interpretation of healthcare information, the RCN stated that it was important that this need was addressed. (Q 259, p 92)
99. There was a broad consensus that information provided to potential cross-border patients should include details about the processes involved (that is, how to navigate the system), eligibility, and likely costs and level of reimbursement. (Q 198, pp 17, 70-71, 92, 119, 159) This information should be easily accessible and understandable. (QQ 118, 133, pp 90, 92)
100. Several groups supported the provision of information on redress and complaints. (QQ 134-135, 201, pp 43, 70-71, 74, 119, 167-168) The British Medical Association (BMA) stressed that such information should also include details about the culture of care as this will differ considerably across Member States, on points such as whether the patient is expected to have family members present to offer some of the care. The BMA stated that "Those things are of absolute key importance but they are not something that you would have to put in a document for British nationals knowing about British healthcare but you do need to when you are looking at other countries." (Q 296)
101. The Minister thought that the standard Community format, that the Commission may develop for information to be provided to patients, might only work for the basic and common details shared by Member States. She highlighted the variation between Member States' healthcare systems and suggested that to try to capture all details on one form could prove to be difficult and unusable for patients. (p 30)
Information: responsibility for provision
102. There were differing views among witnesses as to where responsibility for provision of information should rest, and some were unsure; but we found little support for the proposals in the draft Directive. The British Dental Association, the Medical Defence Union and the General Medical Council all suggested that it should be for the Member State of treatment to provide information about its own healthcare. (QQ 116-119, 200, pp 73, 115) On the other hand, the Patient Liaison Group of the Royal College of Surgeons and the British Medical Association highlighted the potential for an EU-level responsibility in this area. (Q 147, p 119) This view was supported by the NHS Confederation's assertion that it would be unreasonable to expect clinicians and local commissioners to give detailed advice on how other Member States' systems operate. (QQ 254-255, p 90)
103. The Royal College of Nursing outlined a more collective form of responsibility within individual Member States involving three levels: practitioners; providers and commissioners; and Member States. They also suggested that "there would have to be some very comprehensive communication and training and development for people on the frontline … Nurses in that situation would need some very clear guidance about the extent of their role as advocates of choice without making too many very clear recommendations and pushing people one way or the other." (Q 256) This concern was echoed by the Medical Protection Society in relation to general practitioners: "we think it is of absolute crucial importance that they should not be held liable for the quality of the information that should be available at a national level." (Q 136)
Information: national contact points
104. Linked to the issue of responsibility for information provision is the proposed system of national contact points, which were largely supported by our witnesses. (pp 55, 90, 92, 105, 116, 119) Nevertheless, none of those we spoke to had a view on the exact nature of these national contact points, nor on where responsibility for their organisation, funding and delivery of information should rest. (QQ 133, 145, 147, 198-199, 200, 253-256, 295-296, 339-341)
105. The British Dental Association (BDA) and the NHS Confederation qualified their support. The BDA suggested that in the light of thirty years of freedom of movement of professionals it would be difficult to achieve the sharing of information between Member States, and the NHS Confederation highlighted that the national contact points could not give personal advice on the best care or act as advocates for individual patients. (pp 90, 105, 116) The latter point was also taken up by the Nursing and Midwifery Council which drew a distinction between types of information: national contact points could cover patients' rights, but information on treatment had to come from medical professionals. (Q 198)
106. UNISON highlighted national contact points as one of a number of measures that would place an additional administrative burden on the health systems of Member States. (p 134) In contrast, the British Medical Association welcomed the introduction of national contact points and stated that it was "pleased that this added administrative burden [of providing information] will not fall on medical professionals." (p 119)
107. The Commissioner explained that it would be for each Member State to decide how to organise their national contact point(s), including their number and location, with the flexibility to have regional contact points. She indicated that the Commission would have a role in helping with the management of the network of national contact points and agreed that the information provided across this network should be consistent. (QQ 381-382)
Information: issues to address
108. The General Medical Council, the Association of British Insurers and the NHS Confederation all stressed that no new costly, administrative burdens should be imposed on Member States or bodies within them through the information provision requirements. (pp 73, 90, 158) Moreover, the Minister and the NHS Confederation questioned how much practical information Member States would be able to provide about healthcare abroad. (Q 71, p 104) The NHS Confederation and the PLG suggested that vulnerable patients and those from lower socio-economic groups might require extra help or support in making the decision about whether to use cross-border healthcare. (pp 53, 105)
109. Several witnesses addressed the issue of the promotion of cross-border healthcare. The Minister stated that there was no obligation for Member States to promote cross-border healthcare and that the Government would not do so, though they would not attempt to keep information from patients about their rights. (QQ 69-70) The NHS Confederation also believed that the promotion of cross-border healthcare should not be an objective in itself. (p 88) However, the PLG suggested that awareness of cross-border healthcare could be increased through a national advertising campaign. Without such activity, the PLG stated that "There will be inequity, because those who are on the ball, who are on the internet, who find out these things, will go ahead and find out and they will make the best decision. Those who do not have that available will not know that that option is available and will not know how to make the choice." (QQ 149-150)
Language considerations
110. The variation in language across the Member States was highlighted as a potential barrier to the delivery of cross-border healthcare. (QQ 25, 79, 153-154, 168-169, 198, 220, 224, pp 54-55, 115, 118, 160) Two main areas were emphasised: the sharing of medical notes and patients' medical records across Member States and the need for patients to give informed consent for treatment.
111. The British Medical Association (BMA) suggested that "Continuity of care should be ensured by a unified system of handover between clinicians as language problems and different decision making procedures may impact on patient safety." (p 118) This point was echoed by the Association of British Insurers and the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, who stated that "If a patient is treated in, say, Poland, you want to be able to have the notes brought back to this country and understood by whoever is providing continuing care—which is often quite difficult." (Q 168, p 160)
112. The BMA suggested that medical records should be kept in the language of the patient's country of origin, highlighting the potential need for translation provision in Member States. (p 119) The Patient Liaison Group of the Royal College of Surgeons (PLG) was concerned as to whose responsibility it would be to ensure that patient notes and data are not misinterpreted. (p 55)
113. The British Dental Association (BDA), the Nursing and Midwifery Council and the General Medical Council focused on the need for a patient to understand the information being conveyed to them by the healthcare provider in another Member State in order to provide informed consent, a right which could not be waived by the patient. (QQ 198, 220, 224, p 115)
114. There were different views about who should be responsible for addressing the language barrier in cross-border healthcare. The Minister and the PLG both suggested that responsibility should rest with the individual. (QQ 79, 153, p 17) The Commissioner stated that responsibility should not rest with the host Member State and that where they had to pay for interpretation facilities they should charge for this service, leaving the home Member State or the patient with ultimate responsibility for the costs incurred. (Q 392) Similarly, the BMA believed that it would be unfair to burden the host Member State with the responsibility of language provision and suggested that further work was needed on this in the proposal. (p 118) By contrast, PA Consulting suggested that the host Member State should be responsible for the additional costs arising out of the language barrier, particularly in order to collate clinical information and obtain consent for procedures. In arguing their view, PA Consulting made the same suggestion as the Commissioner, whereby the host State would be entitled to incorporate the extra costs in its charge for healthcare services. (p 4)
115. We believe that the provision of accessible and comprehensive information to patients and medical practitioners is key to the success of the Directive. Patients will only be able to make an informed decision on whether to seek cross-border treatment if they have access to relevant information. Similarly, practitioners will need access to this information in order to advise patients appropriately. We consider that the provision and financing of information must be the responsibility of the home Member State.
116. The Commission proposes that the information provided should include details about receiving healthcare in another Member State, the terms and conditions that would apply, patients' entitlements, procedures for using those entitlements and systems of appeal and redress if the patient is deprived of such entitlements or harm is caused as a result of healthcare received in another Member State. We agree with the Commission's suggestions about what information for patients should include. However, we recommend that a standard Community format for the provision of this information should not be drawn up. The different procedures and processes that would need to be taken into account are numerous and we believe that this could result in the information being presented in a format that is difficult for patients to understand or use.
117. We consider that there is a lack of clarity in the Directive as to who is responsible for providing information on the service available in a particular Member State. We recommend that the government of each Member State should be responsible for describing their own health system. Furthermore, we consider that the exact role of national contact points in the provision and dissemination of information, and where responsibility for them should rest, should be clarified in the Directive.
118. The current lack of clarity over who is to provide what information, and how, creates the potential for this burden to fall primarily on medical practitioners. While their involvement may be beneficial for helping patients make an informed decision about cross-border care (see paragraph 72), we recommend that the Directive makes clear that front line health providers giving this information to patients should be protected against complaints made against them if a patient suffers unexpected harm in the course of subsequent treatment abroad.
119. Furthermore, we fear that the need to provide information and advice on cross-border treatment would interfere with the performance of practitioners' duties and could detract from the standard or timeliness of treatment of local patients. We therefore recommend that the Directive should avoid the imposition of any administrative burden on healthcare practitioners due primarily to information provision obligations.
120. It is clear that language may prove to be a barrier in the delivery of cross-border healthcare and that this may impact on a patient's choice to travel. We therefore consider that patients must be made aware of any language issues and costs before they seek cross-border healthcare. Language barriers could prove particularly critical in the areas of giving consent and ensuring continuity of care and patient safety. We recommend that the responsibility for addressing the language barrier is decided by the home Member State.
36 (COM (2008) 414) Article 10(1), (2) & (3) Back
37 (COM (2008) 414) recital 36 Back
38 (COM (2008) 414) Article 12 Back


text:
Q: R cannot be resolved to a variable-After Updating Android API 20 to new API 22 in Eclipse I Updated my SDK API 20 to API-22 in My Eclipse.
After Updating  i imported my  Project from Previous Workspace.
Each Java file Showing as a R cannot be resolved to a variable.
before Updating its Works fine for me.
Help me to solve this problem

A: Clean your Project Once : Select Clean Option Under Project Tab.
Then Rebuild or Run Your Project.

A: You will have to update the Android SDK Build-Tools to the latest version as well. Use the sdk manager to do so. Refer a similar question here.

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