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( 新泛素與自噬作用標的 )
Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) are the two major pathways responsible for protein degradation and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. They consist of well-controlled, selective mechanisms for intracellular protein degradation and turnover. New understanding of the role and molecular mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of autophagy and ubiquitin pathways has revealed its underlying role in cancer, CNS, immunology and other diseases. However, the diversity of substrates and the multi-step processes involved, make it difficult to target these pathways for therapeutic intervention. In recent years, the development of high-quality chemical probes, small molecule modulators, assays and screening platforms have helped identify novel autophagy and ubiquitin targets for drug discovery. Cambridge Healthtech Institute's conference on Emerging Ubiquitin and Autophagy Targets will bring together a diverse group of chemists and biologists to discuss the promise and challenges in this area of research. This conference will be followed by one that focuses exclusively on targeted protein degradation using proteolysis-targeting chimeric molecules (PROTACs) and other molecular entities for hijacking the ubiquitin system.
September 16 Pre-Conference Short Course: SC6: Biochemistry and Pharmacology of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System
September 17-18 Conference: Emerging Ubiquitin and Autophagy Targets
September 18 Dinner Short Course: SC9: Targeted Protein Degradation Using PROTACs, Molecular Glues and More
September 18-19 Conference: PROTACs and Targeted Protein Degradation
Probing PPI & Protein Degradation
Matthew DeLisa, PhD, William L. Lewis Professor of Engineering, Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University
8:10 New Technologies to Discover E3 Ligase Inhibitors, Activators, Hijackers
Alexander Statsyuk, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston
Two major principles of targeting the ubiquitin system have emerged: direct targeting of the enzymes that control protein ubiquitination and hijacking E3 ligases to induce protein degradation. In this lecture, I will outline the discovery of novel probes UbFluor and cross-linking reagents to discover small molecule inhibitors/activators and hijackers for RBR/HECT E3 ligases. I will then show how UbFluor technology can be used to discover nanomolar inhibitors of HECT E3 ligases.
8:40 Drugging the Fbw7 E3 Ligase with a Combined Computational and Fragment-Based Approach
Carles Galdeano, PhD, Serra Hunter Professor, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona
We have developed a multidisciplinary computational and biophysical approach to identify ligands that target E3 ligases, and specifically the Fbw7 E3 ligase. Fbw7 is one of the most commonly deregulated UPS protein in human cancers, which targets some key human onco-proteins including cyclin-E, MYC, Notch and Junk. So far, no potent small molecule directly targeting the Fbw7 complex has been reported. Our approach has allowed us to identify ligands able to bind at the low micromolar level to the Fbw7 protein. Work is on-going to elucidate the binding mode and the potential MOA of these ligands.
9:10 ULK3 Kinase as a Key Regulator of Cancer Associated Fibroblast Conversion
Sandro Goruppi, PhD, Instructor in Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital
The connection between pathways and the role of microenvironment metabolic alterations in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activation is unknown. CSL/RBPJ suppress gene expression program(s) leading to CAF activation. GLI signaling also contributes to CAF conversion. I will report on a degradative autophagy mechanism targeting CSL and leading to CAF activation. Then I will outline the identification and targeting of ULK3 kinase, which links CSL and GLI signaling and represent a tool for stroma-focused anti-cancer intervention.
10:25 Analysis of Mammalian ER-Associated Degradation Using Genome-Wide CRISPR Screens
Dara E. Leto, PhD, Basic Life Research Scientist, Departments of Biology, Genetics, Chemical and Systems Biology and Program in Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health, Stanford University
Only a handful of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) components have been linked to the recognition and degradation of specific protein quality control substrates. To identify genes required for the destruction of distinct clients of the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) system, we developed a screening approach that combines genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene deletions and a phenotypic selection based on protein turnover kinetics. Our findings show that forward genetic analysis can be used to discover new biochemical pathways in protein quality control.
10:55 Engineering Protein-Protein Interactions to Probe and Rewire Ubiquitin Signaling
Wei Zhang, PhD, Assistant Professor, Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph
Advances of genomic technologies accelerated the identification of signal transduction cascades essential for initiation and progression of human diseases. In particular, protein-protein interactions in ubiquitin signaling are found to play critical roles in eliciting numerous mis-regulated biological functions. We employ structure-based combinatorial protein design and engineering strategies to develop potent and selective modulators to probe the ubiquitin signaling pathways with unprecedented precision for underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutics.
11:25 Structures of the Substrate-Engaged Proteasome Reveal the Mechanism of Translocation and Activation
Andres Hernandez de la Peña, PhD, Scientist I, Structural and Chemical Biology, Celgene
As the primary eukaryotic proteolytic machine, the 26S proteasome is responsible for ubiquitin-mediated degradation of misfolded, damaged, or obsolete proteins. We determined several structures of the proteasome as it actively translocated substrate. These structures reveal the mechano-chemical coupling of ATP hydrolysis to substrate translocation and gate opening. Additionally, these structures reveal a co-translocational deubiquitination mechanism that positions ubiquitin and the isopeptide scissile bond in the Rpn11 deubiquitinase.
11:55 Presentation to be Announced
12:35 Luncheon Presentation (Sponsorship Opportunity Available) or Enjoy Lunch on Your Own
Developing Small Molecule Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation
Yue Xiong, PhD, William R. Kenan Professor of the Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina; Co-Founder, Cullgen
1:55 SMARCA2/4 Degraders for Cancer Therapy
Murali Ramachandra, PhD, CEO, Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited
SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 are ATPases in the SWI/SNF complexes, which function in regulating transcription, DNA replication and repair. SMARCA4 is mutated in a number of cancers, which are dependent on functional SMARCA2. SMARCA4 is also highly expressed without mutation in certain other tumor types, where overexpression contributes to proliferation and survival. In view of these findings, our efforts in developing novel bi-functional molecules inducing proteasome-mediated degradation of SMARCA2/4 for the treatment of cancers will be presented.
2:25 Ubiquitin-Mediated Small Molecule Induced Target Elimination in Cancer
Development of small molecules to target ubiquitin-dependent degradation of disease-linked proteins represents a promising opportunity for the drug discovery. Multiple such small molecules have been developed based on different E3 ubiquitin ligases. I will discuss the catalytic mechanism, assembly and regulation of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs). I will also present our efforts in developing novel degraders targeting different human cancer protein. Finally, I will share some thoughts on the development of novel E3 ligands.
NOVEL APPROACHES FOR PROTEIN DEGRADATION
4:05 New Ubiquitin Ligases and Novel PROTAC Approaches
Tauseef R. Butt, PhD, President and CEO, Progenra, Inc.
Ligases that reside primarily in the nucleus are not suited to cytosolic targets, for example, while membrane-associated ligases are required to target GPCRs and other membrane associated targets. Novel E3 ligases and ligands would thus expand the therapeutic potential of PROTACs and provide new IP. I will present data on PROTACs that hijack novel ubiquitin ligases to ubiquitylate targets affecting immune oncology and anti-inflammatory cascades. Degradative versus non-degradative ubiquitylation and relationships between the type of ubiquitylation and PROTAC-targeted function will be discussed.
4:35 Broad-Spectrum Proteome Editing with an Engineered Bacterial Ubiquitin Ligase Mimic
Ubiquibodies are comprised of a synthetic binding protein fused to an E3 ubiquitin ligase, thus enabling post-translational ubiquitination and degradation of a target protein independent of its function. Here, we have designed a panel of new ubiquibodies based on E3 ubiquitin ligase mimic from bacterial pathogens that enable selective and customizable removal of proteins of interest. Delivery of synthetic mRNA encoding ubiquibodies caused efficient target depletion in cultured mammalian cells as well as in transgenic mice. Overall, our results suggest that engineered ubiquibodies are a highly modular proteome editing technology with the potential for pharmacologically modulating disease-causing proteins.
New Technologies and Assays to Study Protein Degraders
Moderators: Alexander Statsyuk, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston
Biological insights into the ubiquitin-proteasome system pathway
Target validation approaches for novel proteostasis targets
Biochemical, biophysical and cellular-based approaches to monitor ternary complex formation
Approaches to identify novel E3 ligases and E3 ligase ligands
Novel Applications and Approaches for PROTAC-Based Protein Degradation
Moderator: Tauseef R. Butt, PhD, President and CEO, Progenra, Inc.
Current limitations of PROTAC approaches – application of cereblon, cIAP, VHL, HDM2 ligases as degrader molecules ligase
Big hurdles in therapeutic potential of PROTACs – toxicity for chronic diseases, oral bioavailability, IP issues
Expanding therapeutic potential of PROTACs – developing novel ligases for membrane, cytosol, or nuclear targets
How to overcome the above hurdles and not to develop "Me Too" PROTACs
Challenges with Developed Targeted Protein Degrader Molecules
Moderators: Murali Ramachandra, PhD, CEO, Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited
Upendra Dahal, PhD, Senior Scientist, Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc.
Differential activity in cells and preclinical models
PK/PD relationships
Bell-shaped dose response
Achieving oral bioavailability
BBB permeability
CMC challenges
Emerging Ubiquitin Targets & Modulators
Mary Matyskiela, PhD, Principal Scientist and Group Leader, Structural and Chemical Biology, Celgene
8:05 Potent Small Molecule Parkin Activators for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases
Suresh Kumar, PhD, Senior Director R&D, Progenra, Inc.
Parkin, an ubiquitin E3 ligase, is a critical regulator of mitochondrial dynamics and a protector of neuronal health. Inactivating mutations in both Parkin and PINK1 are found in Parkinson's disease patients. Using the UbiProTM HTS platform we have discovered novel small molecule Parkin activators. Parkin activators promote degradation of mitochondrial and cytosolic Parkin substrates in human neurons. Development of these Parkin activators offers potentially viable therapeutic options to treat Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases.
8:35 A Neurodevelopmental Disorder Caused by USP7 Haploinsufficiency
Ryan Potts, PhD, Associate Member, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
USP7 is a prominent deubiquitinating enzyme that has a multitude of cellular functions. Most notably its role in regulation of p53 has garnered much attention. This has resulted in tremendous interest in development of USP7 inhibitors for cancer treatment. Here, I will discuss progress in understanding how mutation or deletion of a single copy of USP7 leads to a neurodevelopmental disorder. The implications of these findings in drug development will be discussed.
9:05 Solving a 60 Year Mystery: SALL4 Mediates Teratogenicity as a Thalidomide-dependent Substrate of Cereblon
Targeted protein degradation through small molecule modulation of cereblon offers vast potential for new therapeutics, but cereblon-binding molecules carry the safety risks of thalidomide, which caused an epidemic of severe birth defects in the 1950s. We identify SALL4 as a thalidomide-dependent cereblon substrate whose degradation phenocopies genetic embryopathies caused by SALL4 mutation. This work offers a path towards safer therapeutics through understanding the molecular basis of thalidomide-induced teratogenicity, and expands the scope of cereblon neosubstrates.
10:20 FEATURED PRESENTATION: Advancing Targeted Protein Degradation for CNS Proteinopathies
Stephen. J. Haggarty, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Associate in Neuroscience and Director, Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
Exploiting the control of protein proximity to catalyze targeted protein degradation provides a potentially powerful therapeutic strategy. Recent advances enabling the generation of patient-derived, ex vivo models of central nervous system (CNS) proteinopathies and the development of bifunctional molecules capable of selectively targeting pathological protein conformations now allow this strategy to be applied to the context of neurodegeneration. Here we will summarize recent findings focused on targeted degradation of tau, a protein implicated in multiple forms of dementia.
2:45 Close of Emerging Ubiquitin and Autophagy Targets Conference
Please click here to continue to the agenda for PROTACs and Targeted Protein Degradation


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USFK airman reported missing, search under way
By Yonhap
An American airman stationed in South Korea has been reported missing and a search operation is under way, US Forces Korea (USFK) said Friday.
Ssgt. Tristin Jarvis, a member of the 51st Force Support Squadron at Osan Air Base in Pyeongtaek, south of Seoul, has been reported absent from his unit since Thursday, according to the US military.
He was last seen near a fitness center at the base on Wednesday afternoon.
"It is our duty to protect and support our Airmen, and we are putting all of our resources behind the search for Ssgt. Jarvis," said Col. John Gonzales, 51st Fighter Wing commander. "Our security forces teams are working closely with Korean National Police to identify his location and bring him back safe." (Yonhap)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Archbishop of Armagh, Eamon Martin, has been appointed apostolic administrator of the diocese of Dromore by the Pope.
Bishop Boyce's appointment was also controversial, with one retired priest saying he was "disgusted".
In a letter issued to Dromore's 90,000 Catholics, Archbishop Martin said it was his aim to "provide as much stability as possible for Dromore" while awaiting a decision from Pope Francis about the appointment of a new permanent bishop.
"I am humbled by this request from Pope Francis and grateful for his confidence in me," Archbishop Martin wrote.
"I shall, of course, fully cooperate with developments in this regard," he wrote.
Fr Murray said at the time that news of Bishop Boyce's appointment as John McArevey's replacement "rubbed salt on the wound" of an already hurt community.


The members of the Madison Trio (so named because two of us earned our music degrees at James Madison University) are highly trained and experienced professional musicians. They have performed at hundreds of weddings over the past three decades, and are eager to help you select the perfect music for your special day. They regularly play at Veritas Vineyard, Pippin Hill, Keswick Hall, Keswick Vineyards, Trump Winery, the UVa Chapel, the Boar's Head Inn, and more. Ask for recommendations!
Lianne Campbell, violin and viola, is a native of Delaware. She studied with Estella Frankel, Sylvia Ahramjian, Barbara Westphal and Dr. Benson Headley, and has been teaching strings for over 27 years. While in Delaware, she was part of the faculty of the Wilmington Music School for ten years along with having her own studio. In addition to soloing with a number of orchestras, Ms. Campbell has extensive orchestral and chamber music experience and performs with the Virginia Consort, the Oratorio Society and other local orchestras. Currently Principal Second Violin with the Waynesboro Symphony Orchestra, she is also a certified Suzuki teacher with a violin studio in Crozet.
Andante from String Quartet in a minor, Op. 29 "Rosamunde"
Allegro from Violin Concerto in E Major, Op. 8 #1 "Spring"
Danza Pastorale from Violin Concerto in E Major, Op. 8 #1 "Spring"