text:
Boris Johnson will receive a redacted version of the long-awaited report into lockdown-busting parties held in Downing Street and across Whitehall in "the coming hours or days", Sky News understands – as the Metropolitan Police has denied it is seeking to delay its publication. It is understood the version of the findings – compiled by
Minister says NI tax hike in April is going ahead – despite reports suggesting otherwise
A rise in National Insurance contributions in April "is going ahead", a minister has told Sky News, amid reports Boris Johnson is considering delaying the increase. Technology minister Chris Philp said funds are needed for the NHS and social care and the move is a "proportionate way" of finding the cash. His comments come after
PM 'absolutely not' delaying release of partygate report – and vows to publish it in full
Boris Johnson has said he is "absolutely not" delaying the release of a much-anticipated report into lockdown parties at Downing Street and Whitehall – and promised it would be released in full. The report, which is being compiled by senior civil servant Sue Gray, has yet to be received by Number 10 Asked during a
Boris Johnson yet to receive partygate report – What is holding up its release
The wait for Sue Gray's report into lockdown parties in Downing Street and Whitehall to be published has rolled into another day – with Boris Johnson still yet to receive the findings. Sky News understands the report – which is being compiled by the senior civil servant – is still yet to have been sent
Wait for No 10 lockdown parties report to be published rolls on
The wait for Sue Gray's report into lockdown parties in Downing Street and Whitehall to be published looks almost certain to roll into tomorrow as the House of Commons has concluded its business – with Boris Johnson still yet to receive the findings. Sky News understands from three government sources that, as of Wednesday afternoon,
Boris Johnson has still not received a report by Sue Gray into lockdown parties in Downing Street and across Whitehall despite expectations being raised last night that he would address its findings in the commons this lunchtime. On Tuesday afternoon, it was understood that Number 10 would publish the report compiled by the senior civil
'No legal reason not to': Why Met's partygate probe may not prevent Sue Gray publishing inquiry in full
A row over how much of the investigation into alleged Downing Street lockdown parties will be published has erupted over claims only some of it may be made public. Downing Street has suggested sections of the report will be published after the Met Police announced on Tuesday it is investigating several of the gatherings in
MP's claim she was sacked as a minister due to her Muslim faith 'disturbing', says Tory peer
An MP's claim that she was sacked as a minister because of her Muslim faith is "disturbing", the former co-chair of the Conservative Party has said. Baroness Warsi, who was also a former Conservative minister, told Sky News it sends "a shiver" down the spines of British Muslims to know "that this is the kind
PM had birthday party during first national lockdown, report claims
Downing Street has disputed a report suggesting Boris Johnson held a birthday party inside Number 10 attended by up to 30 people during the first lockdown. ITV News understands the prime minister's wife, Carrie Johnson, helped to arrange the event which was held just after 2pm the afternoon of 19 June – Mr Johnson's birthday.
PM faces make-or-break week as report into Downing Street lockdown parties due to be released
Prime Minister Boris Johnson is facing a week of reckoning as a report into Downing Street parties during lockdown is due to be released. The partygate inquiry, which is being carried out by civil servant Sue Gray, could determine Mr Johnson's fate as the country's prime minister. Many Tory MPs have said they will wait
MPs fear Boris Johnson will not be able to survive scandals as Ghani's claims expose instability in No 10
Nusrat Ghani made history in 2018. Standing at the famous Commons spot that has been occupied by generations of politicians, she became the first Muslim woman to speak as a minister from the despatch box. Colleagues cheered as the Kashmir-born MP got to her feet. For many, this was the most visual sign of a
'We are bursting with love and happiness': Liz Kendall announces birth of son Henry via surrogate
Labour MP Liz Kendall has said she is "bursting with love and happiness" after welcoming a baby boy via surrogate. The former shadow minister for social care, 50, announced in November she would be temporarily stepping back from the front benches to become a mum. The Leicester West MP shared a picture of the new-born
'History catching up with' PM, Wales first minister claims – as more details of No 10 parties are revealed
Wales' first minister has claimed that Boris Johnson's "history" is "catching up with him". In a highly-charged intervention in the partygate row, Mark Drakeford said he is not surprised the prime minister has become embroiled in controversy over Downing Street parties during COVID-19 restrictions in 2020 and 2021. "If I'm truthful about it, the prime
Two-thirds of anti-vax propaganda online created by just 12 influencers, research finds
Two-thirds of anti-vaccination propaganda posted online is created by just 12 so-called influencers, research has found. Different to those who describe themselves vaccine hesitant, anti-vaxxers tend to employ aggressive methods to persuade others not to get injections designed to help prevent disease. The list was compiled by the Centre for Countering Digital Hate (CCDH) and
Cost of living crisis lies in wait for PM fighting to save his job
Harlow is one of Essex's most deprived towns. Nearly a third of households here have a yearly income of less than £20,000 and nearly two-thirds of households have less than £125 of spare cash left at the end of the month for non-essentials. A quarter of all homes in Harlow are council houses. This, then,
Growing Tory civil war as MPs wait for partygate report to determine PM's future
For all of the turbulence and the tempestuous events of the last 48 hours, the key drivers which will determine the prime minister's future remain broadly the same. A large number of MPs, possibly a majority, are unhappy with Boris Johnson's premiership. However they are unsure when to defenestrate him, how to do so, and
MP who defected to Labour claims he was threatened with loss of school in constituency
A former Conservative MP who defected and joined Labour has claimed he was threatened with the loss of a school in his constituency if he did not vote the way party bosses wanted him to. Christian Wakeford, who represents Bury South, switched parties on Wednesday. Live updates as Downing Street denies blackmail claims Please use
PM could face two confidence votes in a year as Tory MPs consider rule change
Conservative MPs are considering a rule change that would mean Boris Johnson could face a second confidence vote later this year, Sky News has learnt. Under the current rules, the prime minister would be immune from another challenge for a year if he wins such a vote. Follow live updates as confidence vote speculation continues
More Tory MPs submit no confidence letters as pressure to oust Boris Johnson mounts
The threat to Boris Johnson's leadership has ramped up today as more Conservative MPs said they have submitted letters of no confidence in the PM. Around 12 letters were handed in this morning, according to Sky News political correspondents Sam Coates and Joe Pike. They were from MPs who were part of a group of
'Pork pie plot' to oust Johnson gathers pace as PM loyalists launch 'Operation Red Meat' in bid to save him
Boris Johnson is preparing to face MPs in the Commons amid claims that support among Tory MPs is "haemorrhaging away" and he is on the brink of being removed from office. After a potentially brutal Prime Minister's Questions, Mr Johnson will attempt to launch a fightback by announcing he is ripping up Plan B COVID


We all struggle with self-esteem from time-to-time. Especially in the age of social media influence, it is all too easy to compare ourselves to others and begin believing that we are falling short. In times like these, it is natural for us to rely on the support of a loved one to pull us out of our slump. Most of the time, however, we are able to pull ourselves out of these slumps. We remind ourselves that we are worthy of happiness; that feelings are not facts, and that we are will feel as good as new in a short matter of hours.
When it comes to codependency, this is far from true. Codependent individuals will entirely lack a stable sense of self-esteem. They will rely on their romantic partner to meet all of their emotional needs, and will derive all of their self-esteem from their current relationship. Additionally, codependent individuals will consistently sacrifice their own needs in order to meet the needs of their partner. It can be difficult to determine whether or not you are struggling with codependent tendencies, seeing as most codependent individuals often believe that they are in healthy relationships. However, if you take an honest and thorough look at the way you act within your relationship, you may find that you feel somewhat trapped. Do you ever resent your partner for expending less emotional energy than you do? Do you feel that you are constantly putting your partner's needs before your own? Do you feel that you make many sacrifices, and that your partner does not reciprocate?
If so, you may be codependent.
Below are 5 telltale signs that you struggle with codependent tendencies. If you find that the following statements are true for you, seeking professional assistance in overcoming your codependency may be hugely beneficial. Not only so that your romantic relationship can begin to heal – but so that you are able to begin living the fulfilled and contented life that you deserve.
1. You say 'yes' all the time, even when you don't want to.
Codependents tend to have extremely weak boundaries, and have a hard time saying 'no' to their significant other. They feel responsible for the well-being of others, and sacrifice their own well-being in the process of people-pleasing.
2. You actively avoid conflict.
Believe it or not, a major component of intimacy is conflict resolution; fighting with your significant other does not mean you do not love one another. The true strength of the relationship lies in how you are able to resolve your disputes. Codependents actively avoid conflict altogether. The may accept the stance of their partner even if they disagree. This often leads to deep-seated resentments.
3. You feel better taking care of others than you do taking care of yourself.
Many codependents will feel guilty for taking time to themselves. Because much of their self-esteem is derived from helping others, they feel better about themselves when they have someone to take care of. Of course, self-care is crucial to every healthy and functional relationship.
4. You suffer from low self-esteem.
Codependents often feel unloved and inadequate, and spend a lot of time comparing themselves to others. Underneath low self-esteem is hidden feelings of shame; many which first developed in early childhood. Perfectionism is also common amongst codependents. If everything is perfect, it is more difficult to feel unworthy. Of course, there is no such thing as the perfect partner – and there is certainly no such thing as the perfect relationship!
5. You have trouble communicating.
Dysfunctional communication is a benchmark sign of codependency. The majority of codependents run into trouble when it comes to communicating their feelings, thoughts, or personal needs. Codependents would rather avoid upsetting their partner than be honest and forthcoming. Manipulation is also common amongst codependents. Communication becomes muddled and dishonest as they attempt to manipulate their partner out of fear.
If you can relate to the above-listed statements, there is a good chance that you are a codependent. What does this mean? In most instances, codependency in adult relationships often stems from dysfunction in childhood. Young children lack the life experience and cognitive ability to recognize that the dysfunctional relationships they are observing are unhealthy; they are incapable of understanding that their parents lack the skills to provide secure attachment. If you struggle with codependency, it is not because you are flawed in any way – you simply need to re-learn how to develop and maintain healthy relationships.
Jessica Baum specializes in codependency in adult relationships, and believes that codependent behavioral patterns can be successfully overcome with intensive therapeutic intervention. Jessica helps codependent individuals to develop an unwavering sense of self-esteem, set and maintain healthy boundaries, and practice self-care.


When in the mid 16th century the impetus for producing emblem books in France switched from Paris to Lyons, following the death in 1544 of the specialist printer of emblem books in Paris, Denis Janot, the Picta poesis was only the third emblem book by a French writer to be published in Lyons (preceded only by Scève's Délie –itself a special case – and Guéroult's 1550 Premier livre des emblemes). Aneau's emblem book, which he produced almost simultaneously in this Latin version, and also in a French translation by himself (the Imagination poetique), is much more heavily dependent on classical sources than earlier emblem books produced in France, and contains few emblems based on scenes from everyday life such as are found commonly in the emblems of La Perrière or Corrozet. Nearly half the emblems are based on woodblocks designed to illustrate Ovid's Metamorphoses, but although Aneau sometimes alludes to the original Ovidian theme, more commonly he reinvents his own theme, and his emblems express a universally applicable moral lesson akin to those of other emblem writers.
Barthélemy Aneau was born in Bourges but spent most of his adult life in Lyons, where he was regent and then principal of the Collège de la Trinité between 1538 and 1551, and again from 1558 until his death at the hands of a rioting crowd in Lyons in 1561. He was an important figure in the development of emblem literature in the mid 16th century (particularly in Lyons), not only producing his own emblem book, but also producing (in 1549) the second French translation of Alciato's Latin emblems, accompanied for the first time by a short commentary. Aneau was also most probably responsible for arranging Alciato's emblems into logical groupings according to subject matter, thereby significantly changing the character of the work, although thisn is the subject of debate. He worked in close association both with the literary and the printing fraternity in Lyons (describing Macé Bonhomme – for whom he translated various works - as his 'bon ami'), and was much involved in the organisation of civic celebrations, notably that of the 1548 entry of Henri II into Lyons in which Maurice Scève also participated. He was a prolific and varied writer: as well as his own emblem book and his translation of Alciato, his works also include an emblematic collection of illustrated verses on the animal world, the Decades de la description des animaux (1549); a novel, Alector histoire fabuleuse (1560); a nativity play to be put on by the boys of the Collège de la Trinité (1539); an attack on the revolutionary ideas on poetry of the Pléiade set out in Du Bellay's Deffence et illustration de la langue francoyse, the Quintil horatien (1550).
Textually very interesting, particularly for the black picture which it paints of society, the Picta poesis is visually less decorative and aesthetically pleasing than earlier French emblem books produced in Paris by Denis Janot.
The work contains 101 emblems. The woodcut figures are small and are not encased in decorative frameworks, and some emblems include more than one woodcut. The layout lacks symmetry, since the verses vary significantly in length, and several run over onto the next page. Since all emblems begin on a new page there are many spaces at the end of emblems which are filled in with typographic ornaments.
GUL: SM96: B3r. Actual page height: 160mm.
Page written by Alison Saunders.


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Gilbert Arenas Was 'Offended' When Michael Jordan Compared Him To Randy Brown: "I'm A Scorer, I'm An Assassin. You Don't Compare Me To Randy Brown."
Aikansh Chaudhary
When Michael Jordan retired after winning six NBA Championships with the Chicago Bulls, many believed they would never see him on the court again. After all, it was the second retirement of his career and honestly; he had nothing left to prove anymore.
But to everyone's surprise, MJ came back to the NBA in 2001 and signed a deal with the Washington Wizards. Although it was weird to see Mike in any other jersey than in a Chicago Bulls one, fans were still happy to see MJ hoop again.
Unfortunately, his true last dance in the NBA was not at all similar to his time in Chicago. Considering that he was old and dealing with recurring injuries, he retired for the final time in his career after spending two seasons with the Wizards.
The money that freed up after Mike's retirement, the Wizards used to sign Gilbert Arenas. At the time Arenas was on the path to becoming one of the best young players in the league. Moreover, the Florida-born guard was a huge fan of Jordan as well.
Despite being MJ's fan, Arenas recently revealed a story about Mike offending him. It happened during the time, Arenas entered a camp organized by Jordan and scored 40 points. While Mike was impressed, he still compared Agent 0 to Randy Brown.
""I went to Jordan camp, and I had like 40 (points) and he was like 'oh man you remind me of one of the players on my team." And I'm like 'oh I remind him of like Pippen or himself." And he's like 'yeah you remind me of you know Randy Brown.' I was like, 'he don't even play. I'm a scorer, I'm an assassin. You don't compare me to Randy Brown'. I'm thinking the whole night I'm never passing the MJ again in these games. You know so, I was offended."
(starts at 1:10)
That's quite a downgrade from what Arenas thought of himself. While Randy Brown was part of the three-peat winning squad for the Chicago Bulls, he usually assumed a bench role on the team.
On the other hand, Arenas went on to become one of the best players in the league for a brief period. Injuries and controversies ruined his career. So it is not a surprise he expected Jordan to compare him to Pippen or even himself.
Scottie PippenGilbert ArenasRandy BrownNBAMichael Jordan
Daryl Morey Slams Fake Trade Rumors: "We Had A Trade Debated That Was Tweeted Out By 'Ballsack Sports.' People Were Treating That Like It Was A Real Thing."
Cade Cunningham Says He Wants To Be Rookie Of The Year: "I Feel Like I Am The Best Rookie."
Daryl Morey Finally Breaks Silence On Ben Simmons Saga: "If We Trade Ben For Something That Makes Everyone Feel Good, We're Also Burning Away All The Other Future Seasons..."
Daryl Morey Says There's A "Very Good Chance" That Ben Simmons Stays With Sixers After Trade Deadline
Kendrick Perkins Calls Kevin Durant And James Harden 'Soft' For Not Calling Out Kyrie Irving
LeBron James Leads All Players In Third All-Star Game Voting Return
A Blockbuster Mega 3-Team Trade Idea: Ben Simmons And Russell Westbrook To Kings, De'Aaron Fox To Sixers, Harrison Barnes To Lakers
By Lee Tran
Charles Barkley Calls Sixers Stupid For Not Trading Ben Simmons Yet: "There's Some Good Trades Out There, But The Sixers Are Being Stubborn And Wasting Joel Embiid's Great Season."
Lakers Management Supported Frank Vogel's Decision Of Benching Russell Westbrook: "You Got To Do What You Got To Do."
Gilbert Arenas Destroys Kwame Brown For Criticizing LeBron James: "You Are Right. Kobe Never Looked At The Stat Sheet Because He Knew Your Ass Had 0 Points."
Stanley Johnson Credits Masai Ujiri's Constructive Criticism For Altering His Career: "To Tell Me I'm Bad At Basketball... It Takes A Different Type Of Man To Tell You That To Your Face And Not In A Pessimistic Way, In A Constructive Way."
By Aikansh Chaudhary
Carmelo Anthony Advices Russell Westbrook On How He Should Deal With Benching: "It's An Adjustment. I Think I Know What He's Dealing With. I've Been There Before. I Don't Think It's Anything Personal."
10 Players With The Most 3-Pointers Missed In NBA History: James Harden Is 1st, Stephen Curry 4th, LeBron James 6th
By Eddie Bitar
NBA Players With The Least Amount Of Games Played To Win The MVP Award: Karl Malone Won The 1999 MVP With Only 49 Games

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


we have someone stone on auction for ring make. wacky Wednesday auction. I buy stone and certificate. I test stone and it diamond. weighs right as per certificate. I list item Tuesday to end Wednesday night.
me feeling must take stone jeweller and I take it Wednesday morning. the jeweller say no cannot be right certificate for diamond there is no inscription on girdle. I panick it listed auction.
where u buy diamond r1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I keep asking for refund detail. he never send. 3 week later I ask again he say he want the fake item???
Buyers are allowed to make mitske not seller.
I am hoping to get a response since my emails are being either fobbed off with dismissive responses or no response at all. I have a problem with a buyer that insists on returning an item claiming it was not as advertised. Secondhand, used. BUT no scratches on screen or back. Bid or Buy is being very unhelpful. Had a look at the buyers profile, quite a number of ratings similar to mine on other sellers. Co-incidence? Can someone direct me a higher level of management in this matter. .Ps. buyer returned after both BoB and Consumer Protection Act limits. I returned the item and BoB instructed the buyer to send it back to me again. Dismissing the documented proof that the phone is in excellent condition as advertised.Negative rating and defamation of character. BoB refuses to remove or alter the rating!!!


Upcoming Meetings and Special Events [Archive] - Orlando Reef Educators Organization Inc.
ORCA SeaWorld Fun Day - SIGN UP NOW!
LET'S CELEBRATE!!! ORCA's 11th Annual Holiday Party!
Reef Meeting on Saturday, August 27th!
We can all drive to the next MACNA!
It's April, time for our fourh meeting of 2014!!!
Saturday June 28 2014 ORCA frag meeting.
New member here, please advise of next meeting?
Feb 3rd 11am-5pm the Annual "mosi" show but its been moved to lakeland.


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Immigrants and the Election in the United States
By Helena Martin	 On Oct 20, 2016
https://flic.kr/p/6q3Wc
On average, the United States welcomes about 3,000 new citizens a day. As a nation of immigrants, the USA continuously faces newcomers' issues and policies. With the influx of Syrian refugees, immigration has become an especially important topic in the presidential election. Whoever will win the presidency on the 8th of November will be integral to how the country will view and treat its immigrants.
The Democrats have clearly advocated for immigrants and immigrants' rights. Secretary Clinton has constantly celebrated the importance of immigrant contributions, and her plans as president include reforms for the citizenship process and better options for undocumented immigrants. Inversely, some sectors of the Republican Party, especially Donald Trump, have painted a negative picture of immigrants as criminals and rapists. It's much more than just his ridiculous policy of building a physical wall; his comments and perspective has built a wall between the American people.
Citizens who are averse to change have been given a justification to hate newcomers. Job loss and crimes have been blamed on immigrants, even if only justified through stereotypes. For example, in cities like Hazleton, Pennsylvania, there has been an influx of Hispanic immigrants since 2001, and by 2014, 46% of the population has identified as Hispanic. Those living in poverty blame the availability of immigrant labour for the inability to find jobs. Increased crime and drug use has been blamed on illegal immigration. However, in reality the influx of Hispanic immigrants to this area has helped the workforce with their the aging population. While the problem of poverty should not be belittled, blaming a specific population is not a proactive solution.
Citizens who protest against the hate spread by Trump. https://flic.kr/p/EBiUXu
The Republican Party lost a large part of the immigrant voting population because of the "Trump Effect." However, real change will only happen if conservatives also denounce the way that immigrants have been portrayed in this election. Citizens have to realise that in a globalising world, immigration is inevitable. As a nation of immigrants, the United States should be aware of this the most. On the 8th of November, I encourage American voters to consider the impact of their vote on the immigrant population. Voting against policies that build a wall in society will be the first step to creating a more welcoming and productive America.
Helena Martin
Helena is in U3 studying Political Science, Economics, and French. She specializes in Asia Pacific politics, and she is very interested in immigration policies, cybersecurity, and legislative procedures. In her spare time, she is happily sipping tea while caring for her many houseplants.


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Хо́йя () — город в Германии, в земле Нижняя Саксония.

Входит в состав района Нинбург (Везер). Подчиняется управлению Графство Хойя. Население составляет 3714 человек (на 31 декабря 2010 года). Занимает площадь 8,5 км². Официальный код — 03 2 56 014.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Официальная страница

Города Нижней Саксонии

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The ESOL post-master's certification program is designed for current teachers looking to add to their certification and teach English to speakers of other languages. This high-need certification is attainable in only 15 credits of coursework in an accessible evening and hybrid format.
English language learners (ELLs) currently account for nearly 10 percent of all students nationwide and is the most rapidly growing subgroup of public school students across the United States. This increasing number of children living in non-English-speaking households creates a demand for English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) public school teachers. New York State especially, is seeing a quickly rising demand for ESOL K-12 teachers. As part of this program, students will engage in ESOL-focused coursework offered by ESOL experts. The four courses required are offered over two semesters (evening & online), so the program can be completed efficiently.
This course provides foundational knowledge into theories of language and cultural acquisition. This course surveys the various aspects of a scientific description of human language. The course includes direct instruction of English grammar and the system of rules that define the structure of the English language and provides an interdisciplinary exploration of the impact of linguistics in the field of education, including applied linguistics, second language acquisition, and language and culture.
This course provides foundational knowledge into theories of language and cultural acquisition and development while fostering understanding of evidence-based practices and strategies for planning, implementing, and assessing English language and content-area instruction. Special attention is given to how teachers can support their students in continuing the development of their first language and culture while providing them with tools to be successful in English dominant learning environments.
This course provides foundational knowledge in teaching the literacy skills of reading, writing speaking, and listening to ELLs as well as English native speakers in early childhood and childhood environments. Students will learn to identify strategies and modify resources to meet the varying needs of language learners. Throughout the course, attention will be given to how teachers can support students in continuing development in their first language and their culture while also providing the tools necessary to be successful in an English dominant learning environment.
This course provides foundational knowledge in literacy instruction and methods for ELLs in secondary settings, with focus on modifying resources to meet the varying needs of language learners in content and language instruction, and a particular focus on reading instruction in the content areas, and methods of teaching reading to adolescents. Special care is given to support students in the continuing development of their first language and culture while providing the tools to be successful in English dominant learning environments.


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THREADS Protocol Aims to Influence Effectiveness of Sustainability Legislation
Material Innovation Will Power Sustainable Shoe Market to $11.8B by 2027: Report
By Christopher Hall
More Stories by Christopher
How Adobe Supports Digital Design in the Remote-Working Era
This Eco-Friendly Clog Features Heritage Wool and Portuguese Cork
Cole Haan's Wingtip Oxford Gets a Streetwear Update
Nike's Flyknit uppers are composed of recycled fibers. Nike
The sustainable footwear market is set to reach a combined value of $11.8 billion by 2027, according to a new study conducted by Grand View Research, supported by a growing interest among major brands to innovate new materials and production techniques.
Future growth in the sustainable footwear category will be attributable to these advancements, the U.S. market research firm said, especially when combined with functionality, comfort and appeal.
"Growing awareness among consumers, increasing education levels, social influences, and preference for sustainable products are anticipated to bode well for the market," Grand View Research said. "Millennials and Gen X are more inclined towards individualized products."
Footwear brands have begun to capitalize on the increased interest among consumers concerning the sustainability of their products, the research firm said, pointing to data that shows 68 percent of consumers consider sustainability to be a deciding factor when making a purchase.
Both athletic and non-athletic footwear are accounted for in the sustainable footwear segment studied in Grand View Research's growth projection. Sustainable athletic footwear is increasing in importance as brands focus their research and development efforts in this area.
Nike's Flyknit upper material, which is produced with new and recycled material, is nearly ubiquitous in the company's footwear lineup, for example. Converse Renew, a footwear line under the Nike umbrella, is made from 100 percent recycled plastic.
However, non-athletic footwear still accounted for the largest share of overall revenue in the footwear market last year, with men driving the most purchases.
As brands like Nike, Adidas, New Balance and Veja continue to release new, sustainable footwear products, they will look to the Asia Pacific region for growth. China and India will be the most important economies in the region, according to Grand View Research, due to their massive populations and relatively untapped markets.
Increased disposable income, rapid urbanization and the increased influence of fashion trends will be prime factors determining success in the Asia Pacific, it added.
In the United States, footwear sales have suffered as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, with in-store sales of fashion footwear cut in half during March. Athletic footwear dollar sales were down in the mid-teens in the first quarter.
Lawsuit Says Nike's Done Playing 'Whac-a-Mole' with BAPE
Adidas Sued Again Over 'Authentic' NHL Jerseys
Gorpcore's Big Business on StockX


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Léquation de Cambridge est une équation de la science économique qui propose une approche alternative à la théorie quantitative de la monnaie. Elle cherche à expliquer la relation entre la quantité de biens produits, le niveau des prix et la masse monétaire.

Histoire
La science économique est dominée, au début du , par la pensée marginaliste et néoclassique. Elle met l'accent sur l'importance de l'offre dans l'économie. Irving Fisher propose une théorie du lien entre l'offre de monnaie, le niveau des prix et le niveau de la production des biens, qui est la théorie quantitative de la monnaie.

Les économistes associés à l'université de Cambridge, comme Alfred Marshall et A. C. Pigou, toutefois, remettent en question cette théorie. Ils considèrent que la demande de monnaie joue un rôle majeur dans la détermination du niveau des prix, que la théorie quantitative évacue. Plusieurs de ces économistes, dont le jeune John Maynard Keynes, souhaitent remettre au centre de l'économie la question de la demande. Certains vont soutenir  que Fisher a oublié qu'une partie de l'offre de monnaie n'est pas utilisée pour réaliser des transactions, mais qu'elle est détenue pour elle-même (parce qu'elle procure des avantages, tels que sécurité, ou selon Marshall, parce qu'il y a une non-synchronisation entre la perception des recettes et celle des dépenses).

L'équation de Cambridge est d'abord parue en 1917 dans l'article de Pigou Value of Money. Keynes a contribué à cette théorie avec son Tract on Monetary Reform de 1923.

Concept
L'équation de Cambridge propose une alternative à la théorie quantitative de la monnaie car elle se concentre sur la variable de la demande de monnaie plutôt que sur celle de l'offre de monnaie, c'est-à-dire la masse monétaire. Cette dernière est postulée comme exogène.

La théorie quantitative de la monnaie considère que l'argent se déplace à vitesse fixe et n'est qu'un moyen d'échange. L'approche cambridgienne soutient que la monnaie est également une réserve de valeur, qu'elle peut être désirée pour elle-même, et dont la circulation ou non dépend en partie du désir des agents économiques de détenir de la liquidité.

Cette fraction de liquidité est généralement représentée sous la forme , une partie des revenus nominaux (égal au produit du niveau des prix et du revenu réel, ). Les économistes de Cambridge ont également pensé que la richesse aurait un rôle à jouer, mais la richesse est souvent omise dans cette équation pour des raisons de simplicité.

L'équation de Cambridge est donc :

En supposant que l'économie est en équilibre (),  est exogène, et  est fixe dans le court terme, l'équation de Cambridge est équivalente à l'équation des échanges avec une vitesse de circulation de la monnaie égale à l'inverse de  :

Critiques
L'équation de Cambridge a été critiquée par la théorie monétariste.

Dans sa Théorie Générale de l'Emploi, de l'Intérêt et de la monnaie, Keynes a élargi ce concept pour développer l'idée de la préférence pour la liquidité, un concept keynésien central.

Notes et références

Liens externes
 La demande de monnaie (p. 3)
 L'approche cambridgienne (p.6)
 L'approche transactionnelle de l'école de Cambridge

Théorie ou modèle économique
Monnaie


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Korejská centrální zpravodajská agentura ( – Čosŏn Čungangtchongsin, nebo  – Čosŏn Tchongsinsa) je státní zpravodajská agentura Severní Korey. Byla založena 5. prosince 1946 a sídlí v hlavním městě Pchjongjangu. Zveřejňuje zprávy v souladu s přáním severokorejské vlády respektive Korejské strany práce.

Na svých webových stránkách zveřejňuje články nejen v korejštině, ale také v angličtině, ruštině a španělštině.

Odkazy

Reference

Externí odkazy

 oficiální stránky

Severokorejské sdělovací prostředky
Zpravodajské agentury
Vzniklo 1946
Pchjongjang


Braxton was hospitalized in Cleveland following complications from lupus. The news comes after the singer spent several days in a Los Angeles hospital earlier this month.
Toni Braxton is back on the road following a recent stay in a Cleveland hospital due to complications from lupus.
Braxton's Cleveland hospitalization comes after the singer spent a few days in a Los Angeles hospital due to complications from the disease. Following her stay in the Cleveland hospital, Braxton was back on the road, ready to go.
"Hey guys, thanks for all of your well wishes and understanding. I am out of the hospital, and en route to CHICAGO!," she shared on Instagram.


Emma Swan is looking for only one thing - answers. Abandoned outside a police station in Menemsha, Martha's Vineyard, Emma has dedicated her life to finding out where she comes from and why she was given away. She finds an unlikely partner in Killian, a selkie she inadvertently summons in a fit of frustration over her cold case.
Love is (finally) in the air in Storybrooke. When Mary Margaret sees what everyone else has known for years, will her realization spark one in Emma and Killian?
One shots surrounding the Enchanted Forest monsters - and those whom saved them.
"You are back. I wasn't sure you had actually left. Seeing how you didn't see fit to say good-bye to me." Mary Margaret looked up to meet Emma's green eyes. "Mary Margaret-" Emma started "Don't!" Mary Margaret stormed. "Don't even start."


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Home Art & Culture
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What's on TV Wednesday: Tyler Perry Shows and 'Living With Yourself'
What's on TV TYLER PERRY'S THE OVAL 9 p.m. on BET. A trailer for…
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A Dark 'Oklahoma!' and a Yiddish 'Fiddler' to Close in January
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Anonymous Trump Official Behind Times Op-Ed Is Writing a Book
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AMSTERDAM — Two warring nations: one Catholic, one Protestant; one a monarchy, the other…
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At Bessies, Solidarity and Community: 'Love You, Aunt Joan'
The emphasis was on community at Monday evening's Bessies, or the New York Dance…


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ATSG Names Jeanne Walters as New CFO to Support Acquisition Strategy
New York, N.Y. (August 25, 2021) – ATSG, a leading tech-enabled managed services and solutions company, today announced the appointment of Jeanne Walters as Chief Financial Officer, further enabling the company's accelerated growth and proven acquisition strategy. Mrs. Walters brings more than 25 years of industry experience to her new role, along with deep expertise in scaling global financial operations and driving profitable growth.
Throughout her career, Mrs. Walters has had demonstrable success in transforming and automating finance and operational processes to improve efficiencies, while delivering highly effective, business enablement insights. Mrs. Walters joins the company from TrueCore Behavioral Solutions where she was the Chief Financial Officer and has had previous executive leadership responsibility for financial operations in several private equity sponsored companies, such as Pegasus Transtech and Sage Software. Her background includes comprehensive financial operations with a focus on planning, forecasting, reporting, analytics, M&A integration, accounting, revenue recognition, and risk management functions in technology-oriented environments.
"With the acceleration of our global growth and acquisition strategies firmly underway, this is the ideal time for Jeanne to join ATSG as our Chief Financial Officer," said Anthony J. D'Ambrosi, CEO & President of ATSG. "As we continue to disrupt the market, Jeanne's proven track record of dynamic leadership, delivering scale, outcomes, and overall success will bring tremendous value to our clients, our partners, and to our teams at large."
"I am delighted to join the ATSG leadership team, and I am very excited about rapidly contributing to our ever-expanding organization," said Jeanne Walters, Chief Financial Officer of ATSG. "ATSG is well-positioned for extensive growth and continued market penetration. I look forward to collaborating with the ATSG leadership team, and all of our key stakeholders, as we move forward."
Mrs. Walters succeeds Ron Zampolin, who has been promoted to President, Corporate Development.
For more information on the appointment of Jeanne Walters, visit www.atsg.net, email [email protected] or call (914) 984-2400.
About ATSG
ATSG is a global tech-enabled managed services and solutions company focused on innovative solutions to enhance today's digital enterprise and end-user experiences. ATSG provides Intelligent IT through Technology Solutions as a Service (TSaaS) to a variety of customers; leveraging an offerings portfolio of rediTech, rediManage, rediCloud, and rediSecure, which delivers reliable, elastic, dynamic infrastructure, collaboration, applications, as well as world-class IT operations.
Headquartered in Manhattan, New York, ATSG is a portfolio company of RunTide Capital, a private equity firm focused on building tech-enabled growth companies.
For more information on ATSG, please visit us on the web at www.atsg.net, like us on LinkedIn, follow us on Twitter or become a fan on our Facebook page. #AboutATSG


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2018 CHINESE GRAND PRIX – RACE DAY SUNDAY
Today was a great day to be an Aussie F1 photographer after Daniel Ricciardo (from my home city, Perth) came from 6th to finish first in the Chinese Grand Prix. He was well pumped after the race and I'll go into more details shortly.
My day started with pics of the main players in and around the Paddock. I was hoping for one of the top 6 drivers to wander down this path as it looked great and with the sun out, it was begging to be shot. Here's the head honcho of Ferrari Maurizio Arrivabene and his off-sider in nice light. I found Max Verstappen having brunch with the top 2 Red Bullers in Christian Horner (husband of Geri Halliwell) and Helmut Marko on their hospitality suite verandah. The interestingly dressed woman below is a very popular Chinese actress I was told but I can't recollect her name. Do you know her? The drivers' parade was uneventful except that afterwards, Lewis Hamilton jumped off the truck early and went over to 500 or so fans in the stand to take their photo on his iPhone. He was followed by a throng of photographers and cameramen and after taking their pic, he proceeded to run 150m towards the start line. I went for a jog with him to see what he was playing at and it turns out he'd simply dropped his Bose earpod from the truck and wanted to retrieve it.
A short time later we were back out to the pits and grid for the lead up to the race. If you're a dance music fan you might know the fella on the left. He's Armin Van Buuren, a lovely guy more than happy to have his picture taken. The drivers then climbed into their cars and took them out to the grid where there must be about 700 people all doing a job. Out on the track Sebastian Vettel was given some important and highly confidential information by the taller man in the bright red outfit. I took a plethora of other pics which you can see in the daily galleries but I need to get through this before my flight leaves Shanghai so we'll jump to the national anthem where I get to stand directly behind the drivers to photograph them. And 12 minutes later all 20 cars headed off on a 300km trip around the Shanghai Circuit. The shot above is a "pool" shot given to a number of photographers as there is only a hole big enough in the fence at the end of the pit straight, for 4 photographers to fit in so it was agreed that the start shots would be shared. I was at turn 2 where no car touched another car or did anything out of the ordinary on the first, and subsequent 5 laps. Over the next 25 laps I moved to a few places and shot a myriad of digital images at both slow and fast shutter speeds. Then it was back to the Media Centre on the 9th floor where it is possible to shoot from the balcony which I did for 10 minutes or so. I listen to BBC Radio 5's broadcast of the race via the F1 app so I get to hear what's going on which is useful when there are no screens in sight. I knew Daniel Ricciardo was climbing through the field but didn't expect him to carve through all 5 runners ahead of him and with a couple of laps left to go, while I was lined up with the other photographers to enter parc ferme, it was clear he was going to have an easy win. As he came into parc ferme, he lifted himself out of the cockpit and carefully stood on the halo before doing a super-hero jump to the ground. Thankfully I had a wide lens on one of my cameras so you can see how spectacular it was. Dan then collected a nice trophy for his efforts and seemed keen to show it to his team friends below. Then the Australian national anthem got a run on the PA and he got a little emotional. I might have also shed a little tear as I sang along with it, it was a nice feeling to hear our anthem at a race, the British and Germans are used to it of course. The last time I heard ours was in Baku last year when Dan drove like a demon to snatch a win. Then we had the spraying of bubbly followed by the famous "shoey". I had to race back to the media centre to swap lenses and then headed down to the press conference room to hear Dan tell his story which he did with great enthusiasm and with that special smile.. At one point he was asked, "What would you have said if someone told you that Red Bull would win a race before Mercedes in 2018. He replied, "Good job. Yeah, pretty cool. Holy Testicle Tuesday!"
When the other drivers were answering questions Dan sat there just staring ahead in an almost state of bewilderment or disbelief. He was running through the events of the day in his head and was clearly amazed at how things went his way. It was a lot to take in and he was processing it as best he could.
His next commitment was interviews in the media pen and it was on his way there that I realised he only had one race shoe on. To take this pic, I had to lie down on the ground and push my camera through a number of people's feet. Note too the elastic straps that hold his suit legs down. And the final shots I took today were of the Red Bull team celebrating with the winning driver and then that winning driver looking straight into my lens after I asked him for a smile for his Australian fans. Well done Dan, oh, and here's the helmet of the day, this time it's today's second place-getter Kimi Raikkonen's. My next race will be Monaco so keep an eye out for posts from that race then.
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F1 Drivers' Wives and Girlfriends 2021 by Kym Illman August 18, 2021
F1 DRIVERS WHO RULE INSTAGRAM October 18, 2020
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Why the Rich and Famous Love F1 (and vice versa) September 25, 2020
George Russell: F1 Driver Profiles August 4, 2020
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20 of the 21 2020 F1 drivers are active on Instagram - some more active than others obviously. The one driver who does...
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From Thursday to Sunday, images uploaded minutes after being taken.
Abu Dhabi Post-season Testing
Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 2021
9th - 12th December, 2021
2nd - 5th December, 2021
18th - 21st November, 2021
11th - 14th November, 2021
4th - 7th November, 2021
Red Bull Showrun, Mexico City
3rd November, 2021
21st - 24th October, 2021
Red Bull Showrun, Dallas
7th - 10th October, 2021
Russian Grand Prix 2021
23th - 26th September, 2021
9th - 12th September, 2021
2nd September - 5th September, 2021
26th August - 29th August, 2021
29th July - 1st August, 2021
15th - 18th July, 2021
Austrian Grand Prix 2021
2nd - 4th July , 2021
Styrian Grand Prix 2021
24th - 27th June , 2021
French Grand Prix 2021
17th - 20th June, 2021
Azerbaijan Grand Prix 2021
3rd - 6th June, 2021
19th - 23rd May, 2021
6th - 9th May, 2021
29th April - 2nd May, 2021
Emilia Romagna Grand Prix 2021
15th - 18th April, 2021
25th - 28th March, 2021
Bahrain Pre-Season Testing


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Eight Black Faculty Members Who Have Been Given New Assignments
Filed in Appointments, Faculty on October 2, 2017
Rosemary Ndubuizu is a new assistant professor of African American studies at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. Her research is focused on racial and gender issues involving housing.
Dr. Ndubuizu is a graduate of Stanford University. She earned a Ph.D. in women's and gender studies at Rutgers University in New Jersey.
Mecca Jamilah Sullivan was named an assistant professor of English at Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania. She was an assistant professor of Women, Gender & Sexuality studies at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Dr. Sullivan is the author of a short story collection Blue Talk and Love (Riverdale Avenue Books, 2015).
Dr. Sullivan is a graduate of Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. She holds a master's degree in English and creative writing from Temple University in Philadelphia and a Ph.D. in English literature from the University of Pennsylvania.
Ivan Banks was appointed chair of the department of education and psychology at Alcorn State University in Mississippi. He was the director of the Center for Educator Preparation and Certification Services at Alabama A&M University. Dr. Banks is the former interim executive director for the Vicksburg campus of Alcorn State University.
Dr. Banks is a graduate of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, where he majored in history and sociology. He holds a master's degree in economic education from John Carroll University in University Heights, Ohio, and an educational doctorate from the University of Kentucky.
Carolyn Roberts was named assistant professor of African American studies at Yale University. She has been serving as a postdoctoral associate in history and the history of medicine at Yale.
Dr. Roberts is a graduate of Dartmouth College. She holds a master's degree from Andover Newton Theological School in Newton, Massachusetts, and a second master's degree and a Ph.D. from Harvard University.
Julie Dash was appointed Distinguished Professor in the Arts at Spelman College in Atlanta. She will develop a new major in documentary filmmaking at the college. Her film Daughters of the Dust was a winner at the 1991 Sundance Film Festival.
Professor Dash is a graduate of the City College of New York. She earned a master of fine arts degree in motion picture and television production at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Kwabena Kesse is a new assistant professor of finance at the Beacom School of Business at the University of South Dakota. He is teaching courses on security analysis and international finance.
Dr. Kesse is a graduate of the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Ghana, where he majored in civil engineering. He holds a master's degree in actuarial science from Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, and a Ph.D. in finance from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Susan Salahshor, an assistant professor in the College of Medicine at Florida State University, was named president of the Florida Academy of Physician Assistants. She is the first African American woman to serve as president of the organization.
Dr. Salahshor is a graduate of St. John's University in Queens, New York. She holds a master's degree in physician assistant studies from the University of Nebraska and a Ph.D. in health care administration from Capella University.
Braxton D. Shelley is a new assistant professor of music at Harvard University. He won the Paul A. Risk Prize from the American Musicology Society in 2016.
Dr. Shelley is a graduate of Duke University, where he majored in music and history. He holds a master of divinity degree and a Ph.D. in the history and theory of music from the University of Chicago.
Related: Alcorn State University • Bryn Mawr College • Florida State University • Georgetown University • Harvard University • Spelman College • University of South Dakota • Yale University


Success Through Chess, our after-school chess club is back! This is a comprehensive program appropriate for all students grades K-6th, who will progress at their own rate. Instruction includes the critical principles, tactics, and strategies as well as "Success Secrets" applicable both to academics and to life! The goal of club is to instruct in principles that will help the student improve in chess, as well as develop life skills that will aid the student in academics, sports, arts, and future success. All the while, a fun an exciting environment will be maintained.
Fridays, October 26-December 21st from 3:20-4:20 in room 14-B.


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Home / Church History / When The Cherry Trees Blossomed: The Expansion of Opus Dei in Japan
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Jose Miguel Cejas
When The Cherry Trees Blossomed: The Expansion of Opus Dei in Japan
ISBN: 9781594173103 (Scepter Publishers) Category: Church History Usually ships on the same or next business day.
This book includes a set of unforgettable short stories that offer a fascinating look at Japan, the beginnings of Christian conversion, and the development of Opus Dei in the land of the Rising Sun…. A Buddhist bonze recalls an earthquake that devastated Japan, a sculptor working on a statue of the Holy Family tells about his conversion, a well-known poet of haiku speaks of Japanese culture. People of diverse profiles, both Christian and non-Christian, offer their views on the adventure of faith and the development of Opus Dei in a country where the Christian population remains around 1%. In the early 1960s, a Japanese cardinal requested that Opus Dei begin in Japan, suggesting that the first members should wait until the blooming of the cherry blossoms. And this becomes the metaphor for the growth of Opus Dei in a country with the fourth largest economy in the world. This book is adopted from the original Spanish version of Los cerezos en flor, published by Ediciones Rialp, Madrid.
Ann Ball
Encyclopedia of Catholic Devotions and Practices
Walsh, John E.
Bones of St Peter, The: The First Full Account of the Discovery of the Apostle's Tomb
O'Brien, Fr John A
Saints of the American Wilderness: The Brave Lives and Holy Deaths of the Eight North American Martyrs
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Apparently I need to be keeping a closer eye on the cartoons he's watching. Or maybe he picked up something from church one of the four times we have gone since he was born. Or maybe I cursed under my breath one day and this was his way of calling me out. In any case, my kid has some seriously strong faith.
As for me, I'm not sure.
Read the full post over on Scary Mommy!
This is my first piece published on Scary Mommy and let's just say I'm completely beside myself. I've had Scary Mommy on my list for a while now, and have had many a piece rejected, so getting the acceptance email for this article blew my mind.
If you are tapped into the mom blog world, then you know Scary Mommy as a major content creator that brings lots of laughs and lots of different perspectives on motherhood. The site has been around for 10 years and has featured some of my favorite mom writers. Plus, they share hilarious memes and pee yourself a little videos. Moms after my own heart.
For this article, I broke one of the rules of polite conversation and talked about religion. Something I've done a little bit here, but not in depth. Talking about faith, or talking about questioning faith, is tough. Talking about raising a child with strong faith while figuring it out for yourself at the same time – dicey waters.
I may find that a lot of people relate to these faith struggles. Or I may find that some people think I'm the worst parent in the history of parents. The internet is fun that way.
In any case, this article is out there, and I'm really proud of it. Straight from the heart, with a dash of humor – that's how I like to write, and I'm glad Scary Mommy was on board with it too.
Check out my other recent freelance articles here and here.
Thank you so much, Lindsay!!
You go girl! I really enjoyed the piece and could definitely relate.
Thank you, Erika! Glad to hear it resonated with you.
Yea! Congrats, Becca. I'm so happy for you. This is a big win! Great piece.


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PETsMART Charities Expands Pet Adoption Kiosk Program, Launches In-Store Pilot
WEBWIRE – Friday, April 29, 2005
First-of-Its-Kind Kiosk Program Aims to Find Homes for One Million Pets Each Year
PHOENIX, AZ -- 04/29/2005 -- Setting its sights on an ultimate national goal of one million adoptions per year, PETsMART (NASDAQ: PETM) Charities' Pet Adoption Kiosk Program expands to two of the nation's markets most overpopulated by homeless pets -- Los Angeles and Dallas.
In its first year alone, the program's expansion will help find homes for a total of about 30,000 unwanted and abandoned pets that likely would otherwise be euthanized. Currently, more than 4 million homeless pets are euthanized each year in the U.S. because they don't have homes. In the Los Angeles and Dallas Fort Worth areas alone, an average of 460 homeless pets are euthanized each day, about 168,000 annually.
The pet adoption kiosk program is a collaborative effort between PETsMART Charities, PETsMART, local shelters and Pet-Ark, a pet-focused technology company. The expansion into Los Angeles and Dallas brings kiosks to about 60 participating local shelters and, as part of a six-month pilot, to 25 Dallas Fort Worth-area PETsMART stores. The pet adoption program also can be accessed online at www.pet-ark.com.
The pet adoption kiosks were first launched in New York area shelters during the summer of 2004, followed shortly after by the Phoenix market. Over the next two years the program will expand into shelters in Washington, Georgia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Florida, Illinois, Colorado, Washington, D.C., and potentially into all PETsMART stores.
"This teaming of kiosk technology with adoption efforts between independent shelters across the country is the first of its kind, and we're proud to be a part of it," said Susana Della Maddalena, vice president and executive director of PETsMART Charities. "We're seeing an average of one adoption per kiosk each day, which tells us it's realistic to expect the program will save one million lives each year when fully deployed."
The kiosks let potential adopters evaluate up to thousands of local adoptable pets using a touch screen that displays photos and descriptions. This gives the pets exponentially more exposure than they otherwise would have in a typical shelter environment.
Nationally, half of all prospective pet parents visiting a shelter leave without bringing home a new best friend because they can't find the perfect match at that particular shelter, and chances are they won't stop at another. The pet adoption kiosks help increase the odds of success by allowing potential adopters to select specific criteria and preferences and then search a centralized database to locate their ideal adoptable pet locally.
The pet adoption database also includes information about lost pets that are currently housed at network animal shelters. Pet parents who have lost a pet can visit any kiosk or log onto the Internet to find information about found pets being boarded at local participating shelters.
The kiosks, which cost about $5,000 each, are funded through a PETsMART Charities grant. PETsMART Charities' local, in-store and online fundraising initiatives help make the program's growth possible. "We're grateful to the PETsMART customers, associates and others who generously donate money to PETsMART Charities, which makes life-saving programs such as this possible," said Della Maddalena.
To learn more or to make a donation, visit www.petsmartcharities.org or call 1-800-423-PETS.
About PETsMART Charities
To improve the quality of life for all companion animals, PETsMART Charities (www.petsmartcharities.org) creates and supports programs that save the lives of homeless pets, raises awareness of companion animal welfare issues, and promotes healthy relationships between people and pets. Since 1994, PETsMART Charities, an independent 501(c)3 organization, has donated more than $38 million to animal welfare programs and, through its in-store adoption programs, has saved the lives of more than 2 million pets.
WebWireID2393
Jennifer Pflugfelder
PETsMART media line
This news content was configured by WebWire editorial staff. Linking is permitted.


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Mar 6, 2015 - Every antenna of the array holds a cryostat (front end) located near the secondary focus with room for ten different dual-polarization heterodyne.
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Abstract: The RGD sequence was used to design potent hirudin isoform 3 mimetic peptides with both antithrombin activ- ity and antiplatelet aggregation activity.
Solid Waste Landfills) do not install gas collection systems until after site closure and landfill ...... Figure 3-3 shows the effect of sludge cake and leachate on the increase in initial ...... bring in a tub grinder and grind the wood waste into chips.
ABOUT ITRC Established in 1995, the Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council (ITRC) is a state-led, national coalition of personnel from the environmental regulatory agencies of some 40 states and the District of Columbia, three federal agencies, tribes, and public and industry stakeholders. The organization is devoted to reducing barriers to, and speeding interstate deployment of, better, more cost-effective, innovative environmental techniques. ITRC operates as a committee of the Environmental Research Institute of the States (ERIS), a Section 501(c)(3) public charity that supports the Environmental Council of the States (ECOS) through its educational and research activities aimed at improving the environment in the United States and providing a forum for state environmental policy makers. More information about ITRC and its available products and services can be found on the Internet at www.itrcweb.org.
DISCLAIMER This document is designed to help regulators and others develop a consistent approach to their evaluation, regulatory approval, and deployment of specific technologies at specific sites. Although the information in this document is believed to be reliable and accurate, this document and all material set forth herein are provided without warranties of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to warranties of the accuracy or completeness of information contained in the document. The technical implications of any information or guidance contained in this document may vary widely based on the specific facts involved and should not be used as a substitute for consultation with professional and competent advisors. Although this document attempts to address what the authors believe to be all relevant points, it is not intended to be an exhaustive treatise on the subject. Interested readers should do their own research, and a list of references may be provided as a starting point. This document does not necessarily address all applicable heath and safety risks and precautions with respect to particular materials, conditions, or procedures in specific applications of any technology. Consequently, ITRC recommends also consulting applicable standards, laws, regulations, suppliers of materials, and material safety data sheets for information concerning safety and health risks and precautions and compliance with then-applicable laws and regulations. The use of this document and the materials set forth herein is at the user's own risk. ECOS, ERIS, and ITRC shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential, or punitive damages arising out of the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process discussed in this document. This document may be revised or withdrawn at any time without prior notice. ECOS, ERIS, and ITRC do not endorse the use of, nor do they attempt to determine the merits of, any specific technology or technology provider through publication of this guidance document or any other ITRC document. The type of work described in this document should be performed by trained professionals, and federal, state, and municipal laws should be consulted. ECOS, ERIS, and ITRC shall not be liable in the event of any conflict between this guidance document and such laws, regulations, and/or ordinances. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of use by ECOS, ERIS, or ITRC.
Permission is granted to refer to or quote from this publication with the customary acknowledgment of the source. The suggested citation for this document is as follows: ITRC (Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council). 2005. Characterization, Design, Construction, and Monitoring of Bioreactor Landfills. ALT-3. Washington, D.C.: Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council, Alternative Landfill Technologies Team. www.itrcweb.org.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The members of the Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council (ITRC) Alternative Landfill Technologies Team wish to acknowledge the individuals, organizations, and agencies that contributed during the preparation of this document. The Alternative Landfill Technologies team effort, as part of the broader ITRC effort, is funded primarily by the U.S. Department of Energy. Additional funding and support have been provided by the U.S. Department of Defense, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Waste Management Incorporated, Environmental Industries Association, and Environmental Research and Education Foundation. ITRC operates as a committee of the Environmental Research Institute of the States (ERIS), a Section 501(c)(3) public charity that supports the Environmental Council of the States (ECOS) through its educational and research activities aimed at improving the environment in the United States and providing a forum for state environmental policy makers. The work team also wishes to recognize the efforts of the following: • Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment—Charles Johnson, Team Leader • California Water Quality Control Board—Peter Fuller • Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality—David Smit • Montana Department of Environmental Quality—Ricknold Thompson • Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality—Sew Kour • New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection—Bob Mueller • South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control—Van Keisler • Kansas Department of Health and Environment—Paul Graves • Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality—Narendra Dave • Delaware Department of Environmental Quality—Michael Apgar • New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection—Mark Searfoss • Virginia Department of Environmental Protection—Graham Simmerman The team members depend on input from all perspectives to give ITRC documents the broadest practical application in the industry since the team members have displayed that a mix of perspectives and skills are necessary to further understanding of bioreactor landfills. The team also wishes to recognize the efforts of the researchers investigating these technologies and the consultants and businesses striving to deploy these new technologies. These include Waste Management Incorporated, Alan Environmental LLC, GeoSyntec Consultants, University of Missouri, Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence, Department of Defense-Navy, Department of Defense, Lackland Air Force Base, Unites States Department of Agriculture, AquAeTer, Inc, Aquaterra Environmental Solutions, Inc, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, and the USEPA Office of Air Pollution. The states represented above contributed the latest research, years of experience, and the case study information contained in this document.
The team would also like to thank the community stakeholders who participated in the preparation of this document, John Chambliss and Dave Smit. Additionally, the team is grateful to the State POC (Points of Contact) for the time they contributed responding to the team's questionnaire, and their pre-concurrence peer review. As always, their input made this a better and more usable guidance. Finally, the team members would also like to thank Ramin Yazdani from the Yolo County California Landfill http://www.epa.gov/projectxl/yolo/index.htm and Dr Tim Townsend from the University of Florida Bioreactor Research Project http://www.bioreactor.org/ for their gracious and informative tours of their bioreactor projects and their peer review of this document.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Bioreactors Landfill Technical/Regulatory Guidance Document is primarily written for decision makers associated with the plan development, review, and implementation of bioreactor landfills. The decision makers include, at a minimum, regulators, owners/operators, and consultants. This document focuses on the decisions and facilitating the decision processes related to design, evaluation, construction, and monitoring associated with bioreactor landfills. To facilitate the use of this document and understanding of the decision process, a decision tree is provided in Chapter One (1.0). In the electronic version of this document, clicking on any process box or decision diamond in the decision tree accompanied by a section number will take the reader to that place in the document. Bioreactor landfills are designed and operated by increasing the moisture content of waste to enhance the degradation and stabilization of the waste material. The team believes that available research indicates that municipal solid waste degraded in a bioreactor landfill may reduce the long term threat potential relative to a dry tomb landfill resulting from breakdown of organics and the possible sequestration of inorganics. Specifically, bioreactor landfills may accept nonhazardous liquids and sludges to provide nutrients, enzymes, moisture, and bacteria to accelerate biodegradation of both Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and biosolids. Also, while recirculating leachate from a landfill is fundamental to bioreactor operation, make-up liquids provide additional moisture when not enough leachate is generated from the landfill to attain optimal waste moisture content. Leachate and make-up liquids recirculation will be collectively referred to as "liquids recirculation" throughout this document. Liquids recirculation accelerates the decomposition of MSW by distributing moisture, nutrients, enzymes, and bacteria throughout the waste mass more efficiently than natural infiltration alone. In addition, various application systems are used to provide a thorough and more homogeneous distribution of moisture throughout the waste material. Liquids recirculation may be accompanied by pressurized air to enhance the aerobic biodegradation process; however, with or without aeration, the anaerobic bioreactor process accelerates gas generation that can offer a revenue stream and decrease the contaminant load in the leachate. The team believes that bioreactors can expedite beneficial reuse of landfill capacity, resources, and expedited reuse of the property. Because most landfills have little ability to complete the degradation process while in a dry tomb state, landfills of this design continue to be managed as such ad infinitum unless a demonstration can be made that the waste is not longer able to leach undesirable constituent into the groundwater. Bioreactors, on the other hand, design degradation into the landfill, thereby accelerating what will eventually occur, but under controlled and predictable conditions. Planning post closure land use into a landfill is now a reality and there are more choices for land use that would never have been considered when using a dry tomb landfill design. Additionally, landfill capacity can be increased since during degradation waste, volume decreases thereby providing additional landfill space in existing landfill sites.
The team does offer caution because bioreactor landfills must be carefully designed and operated. Many smaller county and local landfills should not consider using bioreactors until they have appropriate scientific and engineering staff to design, monitor, and operate the bioreactor appropriately.
open mind, to see symbiotic relationships, and to seize opportunities for meaningful post-closure use of landfill sites where technically feasible, economically viable, and supported by the community. All landfills are under intense and continuous public and regulatory scrutiny. Alternative landfill technologies such as liquids recirculation are often viewed skeptically by landfill critics. As such, it is essential that systems be carefully designed, constructed, and operated. Even a single failure caused by an inadequate recirculation system could have negative and far-reaching ramifications. Proper design, construction, and operational practices will facilitate the successful implementation of innovative technologies such as bioreactors. To approach a bioreactor decision, there are intuitive steps best followed to ensure regulatory and technical questions are addressed before a commitment is made to the use of a bioreactor. Figure 1-1 presents the team's suggested series of questions. Each question is discussed in more detail in the section identified in each shape.
Is there a revenue waste stream available?
Is there adequate leachate from the landfill to maintain waste moisture at field capacity?
Has the landfill conceptual design been finalized?
Go to www.itrcweb.org (ALT-4 2006) Guidance for Ending Post Closure Care at landfills.
Like most operations, bioreactor performance can be influenced by subtle and unseen circumstances. Bioreactors are closed vessels and visual inspections are difficult to perform. While monitoring the performance of a bioreactor, adjustments that will enhance or optimize the bioreactor landfill performance can be made. This could mean more rapid degradation and thereby a shorter timeframe for stabilization. To take full advantage of the bioreactor, these adjustments might require features of the landfill to be redesigned. Whatever the nature of the adjustment, operators should carefully monitor their operation during startup. Figure 1-2 shows a typical interactive approach for a bioreactor startup. The experience gained from early operations offers the operator the opportunity to learn particular effects that changes in design have on the optimal operations of a bioreactor.
the waste mass, using vertical or horizontal wells, to promote aerobic bacterial activity and accelerate waste degradation. Anaerobic - In an anaerobic bioreactor landfill, moisture is added to the waste mass in the form of re-circulated leachate and other water to obtain optimal moisture levels. No additional air is added to the landfill, since the intent is to promote an anaerobic environment. Biodegradation, by anaerobic bacteria, occurs in the absence of oxygen. As a result of waste degradation, this process produces landfill gas. This gas, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4), can be captured to minimize greenhouse gas emissions and for energy production. Hybrid (Aerobic-Anaerobic) - The hybrid bioreactor landfill accelerates waste degradation by employing a sequential aerobic-anaerobic treatment to rapidly degrade organics in the upper sections of the landfill and collect gas from lower sections. Operation as a hybrid results in the earlier onset of methanogenesis (operation as an anaerobic bioreactor) compared to the typical "dry tomb" landfill where no liquids are added.
Municipal solid-waste stabilization in a sanitary landfill can be separated into two major biological stages: • An aerobic degradation phase, which happens almost immediately after waste placement • An anaerobic degradation phase, which develops once the oxygen originally present in the landfill is consumed The large amount of organic matter in solid wastes allows biodegradation to proceed. Food and yard organic wastes, which are generally the first components of solid waste to undergo biodegradation, typically make up approximately 27% of MSW (municipal solid waste). Aerobic Degradation Aerobic degradation of organic matter occurs first in the degradation sequence. Bacteria begin to grow on the surface of the biodegradable fractions of the wastes and start metabolizing the waste by hydrolyzing complex organic structures to simple, soluble molecules. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and proteins are converted to soluble sugars and amino acids during this phase. Leachate produced during the aerobic phase also is characterized by the dissolution of highly soluble salts initially present in the landfill. The leachate formed during this initial phase is most likely a result of moisture that was squeezed out of the wastes during compaction and landfill filling operations. Little solids loss occurs during aerobic degradation. This aerobic degradation phase is generally short because of the high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the solid wastes and limited amount of oxygen present in a sanitary landfill.
Figure 1-3 depicts a typical gas production curves from a dry tomb landfill and a bioreactor simulating the expected first order biological decomposition rate (K) expected under bioreactor operation vs. the Subtitle D landfill with no liquids added using USEPA's Landgem model.
Figure 1-3. Typical Landfill gas prediction curve for Bioreactor Landfill vs. Traditional Subtitle D Landfill (From Waste Management, Inc.) 1.2.1 Liquid Amendments Most landfills do not generate sufficient volumes of leachate to increase moisture content of MSW from an average ambient moisture content of 20 to 25 % by wet weight to optimal levels of 40 to 60% by wet weight. While this may be a significant operational goal, it may be very difficult to ensure that all of the waste material attains field capacity. Even if the waste material does not achieve field capacity, the addition of moisture will enhance waste degradation. Liquids from outside the landfill boundaries will be required. Specifically, water or aqueous amendments (>50% water) are the most beneficial to increasing the population of bacteria that are naturally present in the landfill to optimize their performance in generating gas, degrading the organic fraction of MSW, and providing a treatment zone for leachate generated by the landfill. Non-hazardous organic amendments that are degradable also provide nutrients for the bacterial population. It is important, however, to use the appropriate amendments that enhance methane fermentation, since this is the principal stage of degradation of MSW where landfill gas provides over 55% methane that can be beneficially used as an alternate energy source. It is essential to understand the phases of waste decomposition to ensure that the landfill is in the right "zone" of optimal degradation as discussed in the following section.
In order to understand the principles of the landfill operated as a bioreactor, it is important to understand the degradation characteristics or "life cycle" of an MSWLF. Municipal solid waste can be rapidly degraded and constituent concentrations reduced (due to degradation of organics and the sequestration of inorganics (e.g. bind them so they it will not flow into the leachate or release from the landfill)) by enhancing and controlling the moisture within the landfill under aerobic and/or anaerobic conditions. Through recirculation of the leachate and degradation, leachate quality from a bioreactor can rapidly improve, which leads to reduced leachate disposal costs. According to Pohland et al (1986), there are five distinct phases of waste decomposition as shown in Figure 1-4. Each phase, characterized by the quality and quantity of leachate and landfill gas produced, marks a change in the microbial processes within the landfill.
Figure 1-4. Waste decomposition phases taken from draft (Modified from Pohland and Harper, 1986) Phase I (lag phase) is an acclimation period in which moisture begins to accumulate and the oxygen entrained in freshly deposited solid waste begins to be consumed by aerobic bacteria. Phase II (transition phase) The moisture content of the waste has increased and the landfill undergoes a transition from an aerobic to an anaerobic environment as oxygen is depleted. Detectable levels of total volatile acids (TVA) and an increase in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the leachate signal the increased activity of anaerobic bacteria. Phase III (acid phase) The rapid conversion of waste to TVAs by acidogenic bacteria results in a decrease in leachate pH in Phase III. This phase is the initial hydrolysis where liquid leaches out the easily degradable organics. The rapid degradation lowers pH to make it more acidic, and mobilizes metal species that migrate from the waste into the leachate. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs or solvents) are also mobilized. This phase is characterized by peak COD and BOD levels in leachate. Phase IV encompasses the period in which the acid compounds produced earlier are converted to methane and carbon dioxide gas by methanogenic bacteria. This phase marks a return from acidic conditions to neutral pH conditions and a corresponding reduction in the metals and VOC concentrations in leachate. This phase marks the peak in landfill gas production. The landfill gas production and COD/BOD cycle follow similar first order biodecay constants. Phase V marks the final stage or maturation to relative dormancy as biodegradable matter and nutrients become limiting. This phase is characterized by a marked drop in landfill gas production, stable concentrations of leachate constituents, and the continued relatively slow degradation of recalcitrant organic matter.
traditional dry landfills. As a result, operational advantages associated with the generation of LFG can be realized sooner. These include direct income associated with the use or sale of the gas and the indirect advantage of increased LFG generation early in landfill operation. Diminishing gas generation late in landfill closure and post-closure period provides another basis for reducing the post-closure care period. Certainly, early incorporation of LFG collection and management system are important parts of bioreactor landfill design and construction. This aspect is given appropriate emphasis in later sections of this guidance manual; however, certain disadvantages also can be the result of increased early generation of LFG, such as potential release to the atmosphere and gas-related impacts to groundwater. Land fill gas emitted by a bioreactor landfill will consist primarily of methane and carbon dioxide plus lesser amounts of non-methane organic compounds (NMOCs). According to the USEPA 2005, LFG generated by bioreactors may contain lower concentrations of VOCs and HAPs, thus reducing air emissions issues associated with the release of NMOCs to the atmosphere. Alternative final landfill covers (AFC)(See ITRC ALT-2, 2003) may be particularly beneficial for bioreactors. Bioreactors need moisture unlike conventional "dry tomb" landfills. Alternative final covers can be designed and constructed, in almost all settings, to control the amount of infiltrating moisture from precipitation at bioreactors landfills. These AFC designs can offer cost savings when compared to conventional landfill covers used for conventional landfills or bioreactor. Another secondary advantage of bioreactor landfills is the potential for lower toxicity and immobility of chemicals in the waste due to enhanced aerobic and anaerobic conditions within the landfill. The degradation processes active in bioreactor landfills typically go through several phases during the life of the landfill. Organic compounds present within the landfill are broken down by microbial action, and the threat of a release of toxic organic compounds is reduced. Metals may become more mobile or less mobile as the alkalinity and pH changes as a result of landfill phase changes. However, over time the overall lower toxicity of landfill leachate should reduce the threat to human health or the environment associated with contamination of groundwater should a release occur. If the bioreactor landfill were to be used in A sustainable landfill concept blends the concert with the concept of a sustainable landfill, act of allowing or encouraging the inbioreactors would have the secondary advantage place waste to degrade (organics) and of allowing a cost-effective total reclamation of chemically bind (inorganics) and then the landfill airspace. When stabilized, the mining the degraded material for degraded waste could be excavated using the recovery and reuse. process of landfill reclamation. Stabilized waste would consist of a compost-like material, soil, and large non-degradable items. The compost and soil could be recovered by screening, and the remaining non-degradable material, can be re-landfilled with little environmental risk. Some non-degradable materials such as metals and glass may even be recovered from the waste stream for recycling. Then the former landfill footprint could be available for reuse as a landfill, perhaps restarting the bioreactor process.
Many factors must be considered when evaluating a site for potential development into a conventional sanitary landfill or bioreactor landfill. Some of these factors include public opinion, health, and safety, local geology, hauling distance, sufficient rainfall drainage, zoning, and land use requirements and economics. With these factors in mind, a site is selected based on its ability to • Conform with local Solid Waste Management Plan; • Conform with land use planning; • Address community stakeholder concerns; • Be accessible to haulage vehicles in all weather conditions; • Provide adequate safeguards against potential surface and groundwater contamination; • Provide adequate setback and buffer areas; • Obtain large amounts of suitable soil for use as cover (daily, intermediate and final) material; • Provide protection so that environmentally sensitive areas are not impacted during the landfill's operations; • Be economically viable for the community it serves based on long-term solid waste generation projections; and • Provide a potential beneficial end-use (i.e. recreational purposes such as a park or golf course) following landfill closure. During the site selection process, other criteria also must be considered. For example, there are restrictions for siting a landfill on or near a floodplain, wetlands, unstable soils, fault areas, seismic impact zones, airports, and other constraints. If any one or more of these factors are present at the selected site, additional performance standards may be imposed on the design of any landfill type.
Once the engineer has designed each of the above systems, a permit application typically is prepared and submitted to the regulatory agency for approval. The permit application usually consists of several documents, including, but not limited to an environmental and health impact statement, engineering design drawings and specifications, operations plan and other agency specific requirements. Copies of the application are submitted to the regulatory agency and other government agencies, including the host community, for review and comment. Through the technical review process, the proposed design will be determined to satisfy (or not satisfy) pertinent solid waste regulations. Technical deficiencies or aspects of the proposed design that do not satisfy the regulations or current industry standards are brought to the applicant's attention for correction.
Recent literature, conference proceedings, SWANA Bioreactor Committee, and USEPA sponsored workshops have shown positive results of liquids recirculation and appurtenant bioreactor technologies on landfills. Research on bioreactor technology provides a better understanding of interrelationships between liquids storage, field capacity, and densification of waste materials during the accelerated decomposition process. Based on these results, the optimum waste moisture for a bioreactor should be 10 to 20% above the levels of the incoming MSW. The moisture does not have to be introduced all at once or during each day of operation of the landfill, but can be added incrementally with liquids recirculation or make-up water over time. Some sites have recirculated leachate in the same areas for seven years and will not achieve field capacity for several more. Field capacity is a function of the types, age, density, and porosity of the deposited wastes. Also, field capacity will decrease with time, as the waste settles and increases in density. By recording the quantities of leachate applied to specific areas of the landfill where waste volume and tonnages are known, it can be determined when field capacity or (>forty percent waste moisture) has been achieved. (See Appendix F for a detailed set of calculations for field capacity by Qian, 2002) Density of MSW has been observed to increase up to 100 percent of initial densities with a maximum expected density of ~2300 lbs/cy (density is estimated using the volume lost due to degradation as opposed to direct measurements). For example a bioreactor landfill in Minnesota had a starting density of 800 lbs/cy and after 4.5 years of recirculation had a final density of 1650 lbs/cy, over a 100% increase. Another bioreactor in Ontario, Canada started with an average density of 1000 lbs/cy and after 7 years of recirculation reported a final density of 1950 lbs/cy. A bioreactor cell in New Jersey had a starting density of 1150 lbs/cy and after 1.5 years of recirculation, ended up at 1890 lbs/cy. The operator injected over 12 million gallons into a 10 acre cell during that time frame. (Baker & Williams, 2001) the Outer Loop bioreactor demonstration project (at http://www.epa.gov/ord/NRMRL/pubs/600r03097/600r03097.htm) started at a density of 1450lbs/cy due to the additional liquid waste that were co-disposed and in about 1.2 years measured a density of 2000 lbs/cy. Typically a higher starting density of the MSW results in a higher density at the end. The rate of density increase is largely due to the amount of fluids available for recirculation (USEPA, 2003).
The predicted settlement from early bench scale tests that simulate a full bioreactor operation are shown below (Pohland, 1975). These graphs that are from Dr. Fred Pohland's work, show settlement occurring from the addition of leachate to a 12-foot column of MSW that achieves moisture content to 45% (Figure 3-2). The MSW has a starting density of 1000 lbs/yd3. It can be noted that immediate settlement from liquid addition alone and 6" inches cover soil provides for 21% settlement and that liquids recirculation after this initial moisture addition allows for 40% settlement after a 2.5 year period.
Figure 3-2. Liquids recirculation settlement results after moisture addition to field capacity of MSW (Pohland, 1975) Figure 3-3 shows the effect of sludge cake and leachate on the increase in initial moisture content to field capacity with 6" of cover soil. Initial settlement was increased to 28%, and after 2.5 years of recirculation increases of settlement were up to 43%. The time it takes under anaerobic conditions to completely degrade most of the MSW and exhaust landfill gas was about 6 years under optimal conditions. The corresponding time frame for aerobic biodegradation may less than two years and a hybrid reactor requires somewhere in between the two.
Report "Characterization, Design, Construction, and"


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D.R. Nelson and B.I. Halperin, [[Dislocation-mediated melting in two dimensions]]." Phys. Rev. B 19: 2457 (1979).
[[Main_Page | Home]]
D.R. Nelson, [[Order frustration and defects in liquids and glasses]]. Phys. Rev. B 28: 5515 (1983).
==Keywords==
[[order]], [[disclination]], [[dislocation]], [[phase]], [[DNA]]
==Papers==
D.R. Nelson and L. Peliti, [[Fluctuations in membranes with crystalline and hexatic order]]. Journal de Physique 48: 1085 (1987).
88.	D.R. Nelson and B.I. Halperin, [[Dislocation-mediated melting in two dimensions]]. Phys. Rev. B 19: 2457 (1979).
D.R. Nelson, [[Vortex entanglement in high temperature superconductors]]. Phys. Rev. Lett. 60: 1973 (1988).
89.	D.R. Nelson, [[Order frustration and defects in liquids and glasses]]. Phys. Rev. B 28: 5515 (1983).
D.R. Nelson and V. Vinokur, [[Boson localization and correlated pinning of superconducting vortex arrays]]. Phys. Rev. B 48: 13060 (1993).
90.	D.R. Nelson and L. Peliti, [[Fluctuations in membranes with crystalline and hexatic order]]. Journal de Physique 48: 1085 (1987).
N. Hatano and D.R. Nelson, [[Vortex pinning and non-Hermitian quantum mechanics]]. Phys. Rev. B 56: 8651 (1997).
91.	D.R. Nelson and N. Shnerb, [[Non-Hermitian localization and population biology]]. Phys. Rev. E 58: 1383 (1998).
D.R. Nelson and N. Shnerb, [[Non-Hermitian localization and population biology]]. Phys. Rev. E 58: 1383 (1998).
92.	D. Lubensky and D.R. Nelson, [[Single molecule statistics and the polynucleotide unzipping transition]]. Phys. Rev. E 65, 031917 (2002).
D. Lubensky and D.R. Nelson, [[Single molecule statistics and the polynucleotide unzipping transition]], Phys. Rev. E 65, 03917 (2002).
93.	A. R. Bausch, M. J. Bowick, A. Cacciuto, A. D. Dinsmore, M. F. Hsu, D. R. Nelson, M. G. Nikolaides, A. Travesset, D. A. Weitz, [[Grain Boundary Scars and Spherical Crystallography]], Science 299, 1716-1718 (2003).
Buddhapriya Chakrabarti, David R. Nelson. [[Shear Unzipping of DNA]]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 113 (12), 3831-3836 (2009).
94.	B. Chakrabarti, D. R. Nelson. [[Shear Unzipping of DNA]]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 113 (12), 3831-3836 (2009).
order, disclination, dislocation, phase, DNA
88.	D.R. Nelson and B.I. Halperin, Dislocation-mediated melting in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. B 19: 2457 (1979).
89.	D.R. Nelson, Order frustration and defects in liquids and glasses. Phys. Rev. B 28: 5515 (1983).
90.	D.R. Nelson and L. Peliti, Fluctuations in membranes with crystalline and hexatic order. Journal de Physique 48: 1085 (1987).
91.	D.R. Nelson and N. Shnerb, Non-Hermitian localization and population biology. Phys. Rev. E 58: 1383 (1998).
92.	D. Lubensky and D.R. Nelson, Single molecule statistics and the polynucleotide unzipping transition. Phys. Rev. E 65, 031917 (2002).
93.	A. R. Bausch, M. J. Bowick, A. Cacciuto, A. D. Dinsmore, M. F. Hsu, D. R. Nelson, M. G. Nikolaides, A. Travesset, D. A. Weitz, Grain Boundary Scars and Spherical Crystallography, Science 299, 1716-1718 (2003).
94.	B. Chakrabarti, D. R. Nelson. Shear Unzipping of DNA. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 113 (12), 3831-3836 (2009).
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