Amy Bernon is one of Connecticut's leading composers of choral music. She's also a talented singer, pianist, conductor, and one of the nicest people you'll ever meet! Amy's music is accessible and unpretentious, and she has received countless commissions from choral festivals and ensembles of all levels. Her works for treble voices are especially popular among women's choirs and youth choirs. I recently had an opportunity to speak with Amy about her perspective on choral music, her experience working with women's choirs, and her life as a full-time composer.
Can you please share a bit about your musical background?
My parents played recordings of jazz, Broadway, folk and classical music throughout my childhood. I began piano lessons at the age of 4 with Joyce Ucci, who still lives across the street from my parents 44 years later! I learned from her until the day I left for college, and count her among my mentors. In middle school, I sang and played French horn which I continued to do through high school. I developed a passion for Renaissance and Baroque choral music in college. Most summers, from high school through my early 20's, were dedicated to writing/performing musical theater. My compositional "voice" arose from all of these influences.
Please describe some of the experiences you've have had conducting, singing in, and composing for women's choirs and what has made those experiences unique.
In high school, I sang in a female barbershop quartet and fell in love with creating harmony with my friends. At Hartt, I sang in Pam Perry's women's ensemble, and she was kind enough to have the group read through my first piece for women. Years later, I founded my own women's choir, Alamanda (2001-2007). As a composer, I enjoy the interesting and beautiful ways women's voices can be woven together. I also admire the support that women's choirs offer their members–the connection goes beyond singing.
Do you have any favorite women's choirs (or other choirs), either locally or anywhere in the world?
I love Anonymous 4 and was thrilled to hear them live a while ago. Our local (Southbury, CT) women's choir, Femina Melodia, is a fine group whose concerts I enjoy. I am a fan of Concora and their new director, Chris Shepard (a mentor and close friend) and an admirer of Craig Hella Johnson's Conspirare. When I'm in NYC, I try to hear the St. Thomas Choir. In addition, I am always amazed at the high caliber of the high school and college groups at the conventions I attend.
How would you describe your style as a composer?
My music has elements of many styles, probably due to the variety of genres I was exposed to as a child and music student. Folk music has influenced my accessible melodies; early music, my melismatic passages. Some of my pieces have a theatrical feeling. What's nice is that people say they can tell when they're hearing one of my compositions. I like that my influences have converged into something of a signature style.
Please describe your compositional process.
I need to have an itch of sorts to feel ready to write something new. (Something needs to "bother me," as I mention later in a comment about Libby Larsen). Once I've started, I will usually get some lyrics down so I don't forget them. When I'm convinced that an idea has sticking power, I start sketching out a melody and some basic piano chords. For me, the intro. and ending of a piece are the most difficult–so much pressure to set the mood right away, and then how to end it? I work at the piano, and then it's off to the computer to put my new material into Finale and work with it a bit there. Then I'm back at the piano. I work best in short spurts, putting the piece together bit by bit, like a puzzle. This process is followed by many hours of tweaking and revising.
I know that you write a lot of your own lyrics. Which comes first, the words or the music (or does it vary)?
It varies, but I would say that something as simple as a single word or short phrase can spark a new idea. Sitting at the piano and "fiddling around" works, too.
Do you ever experience writer's block or composer's block? If so, how do you overcome it?
Yes, I definitely experience writer's block. I wait it out. Some composers prefer to power through, but if I attempt this, my music sounds strained. After a long period of writing, I need to take some time to re-charge.
Where do you find inspiration as a composer?
If a piece is commissioned, I try to get as much inspiration as I can from the director and members of the commissioning choir. I ask, "What is the mood you want to set? Do you have phrases or poems or ideas that you'd like incorporated?" Much of my writing is inspired by nature. Sometimes, a phrase, a word, or a bit of a melody will work its way into my brain and I feel compelled to develop it. I worked with composer Libby Larsen who said, "Let the music bother you." If it won't leave me alone, I know I'm onto something!
How many pieces have you composed specifically for women's choirs (or for treble choirs in general that would be suitable for a women's choir), and can you please describe a few of your favorites?
I've written about 25 pieces that are SSA/SSAA and some 2-part treble with descant that would work for women. (Many of these are additionally voiced for other choir types). I am partial to I Am Being Woven which was originally written for a middle school choir and then evolved into an SSA piece. I feel it's better-suited to women's voices and has a text that resonates with women. Three of my pieces, Some Kind of Music, Paint Me a Song and Your Voice is the Wind, are unabashedly romantic and full of rich harmonies. Alleluia, Alleluia!, for SSAA choir with percussion, is rhythmic and fun.
Are there any upcoming performances of your compositions that you would like people to know about?
I am lucky that my pieces are performed nationally and internationally, but often in places that are too distant for me and my CT friends to visit. Currently, I know of a few upcoming local performances that will take place in schools but are not open to the general public.
What have been some of the highlights of your musical career so far?
Finding my way to Heritage Music Press/Lorenz and my editor, Mary Lynn Lightfoot (now head of Sing!, the Educational Music branch of Choristers Guild) has been the highlight of my career. I have been nurtured and encouraged every inch of the way by her. Other highlights include visiting schools and working with wonderful students and teachers. I also like running reading sessions with fun and enthusiastic groups.
What advice do you have for young musicians and aspiring composers?
Listen to lots of recordings, attend concerts, and stay active as a participant in ensembles. New composers: Experiment–don't lock yourselves into one style. And probably most important: Embrace revision. You may feel that everything you create is precious and shouldn't be changed. With time and maturity, you'll realize this isn't true.
Do you have a specific aesthetic ideal in terms of the sound and/or artistic approach for a women's choir (or any choir)?
I feel that expression of the text is paramount and beautiful vowels, a must. A connection to the music in body and face brings the audience into your world. When the members of an ensemble feel close-knit and share respect, it's apparent in the performance.
How do you feel about the use of vibrato in choral singing?
In Romantic music, I love a big, lush sound full of vibrato. Straight tone is beautiful (to my ears) in music Baroque and earlier.
What are some of your favorite styles, periods, composers, and genres of music (within and/or outside of the choral realm)?
I love early music and have sung a lot of it–from Lassus to Monteverdi to Bach. I am a sucker for the Romantic period, too–Mendelssohn's music in particular. In the world of current music, I am a big fan of the young Scandinavian composers writing so beautifully today–especially Ēriks Ešenvalds from Latvia who incorporates folk songs and unearthly textures into his gorgeous, expansive writing.
Who are the mentors, role models, and composers of the present day and/or former generations who have been most influential in shaping your work as a musician and composer?
Chris Shepard offered me my first job and has been a mentor and friend since college. At Hartt and Yale, Gerry Mack, Pam Perry and Maggie Brooks shaped my love of choral singing. Robert Carl and Martin Bresnick encouraged me to stretch and experiment in my composing. I have admiration for colleagues and friends who share my love for writing quality educational music: Victor Johnson, Mary Lynn Lightfoot, Ruth Elaine Schram, André Thomas and many more. And I must mention my effervescent high school choir director, Bonnie Nye. She introduced me to an abundant array of choral and theatrical music, and she encouraged me to write and perform.
What are some of your favorite pieces (repertoire recommendations) for women's choir by other composers?
I like creative arrangements of popular music — Gershwin for Girls, arr. Chinn; Dream a Little Dream of Me, arr. Huff are examples. Alice Parker's arr. of folksongs and spirituals work well for women. Some gems: Casals' Nigra Sum; Jeffers' Three Mountain Ballads; Spevacek's The Lark Ascending.
Is there anything else you would like to share or discuss?
I'd like to encourage directors to consider looking at full catalogs of composers' works, including older pieces. Sometimes, directors are tempted to look only at the very latest pieces, or continually use one or two pieces by certain composers year after year. It's fun and educational to dig deeply into a favorite composer's back catalog. Additionally, consider commissioning a composer. It's a meaningful way to bring a creative project to your school–and you're helping to introduce a fresh, new work into the repertoire!
Amy's music is published by Alfred, Brilee/Carl Fischer, Choristers Guild, Hal Leonard, and Heritage Music Press/Lorenz.
A version of this interview was previously published on the CT ACDA blog.
This entry was posted in Composers, Interviews by Tom Brand. Bookmark the permalink.


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Microscopic Reversibility Goes Quantum
Assegnato a Giovanni Modugno un finanziamento ERC per studiare la fisica dei supersolidi
Borse NextGenerationEU PNRR per corsi di dottorato di ricerca (scadenza: 10 novembre 2022)
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CNR-INO researchers, in collaboration with colleagues from Korea and UK, extended a fundamental principle in statistical mechanics, called microscopic reversibility, to the quantum world and experimentally verified it.
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system tends to increase. But at the microscopic level, transient reductions in entropy can occur with a tiny probability. These fluctuations are described by the classical microscopic reversibility principle.
Now we have demonstrated a quantum version of this principle. Since the uncertainty principle prevents the position and momentum of quantum systems from being measured precisely at the same time and the phase-space trajectories of such systems are affected by quantum coherence, we derived a modified relation between the probabilities for a phase-space trajectory and its time-reversed version.
We experimentally demonstrated quantum microscopic reversibility using a simple optical setup in which coherent laser light was mixed with thermal light states. We found that the derived probability relation accurately predicted our experimental results and that quantum effects were important only when the equivalent temperature of the thermal bath was low. By raising this temperature, we observed a transition from quantum to classical microscopic reversibility.
These results have just appeared in PRL and were selected as an Editor's Suggestion and for a Synopsis in Physics.
Quantum phase sensing at a distance
Wireless communication through light: a pervasive opportunity for a smart society
Comunicare in meno di un millisecondo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Northern States
Routes & Tours
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate and be Senator of a US State for one day
East Coast, New England, United States
Simona Sacri / April 26, 2019
What to do in Boston unusual and particular?
Why not to think about the tour of a place which allows to enter more deeply the complex world of the American politics and so learn the articulated dynamics through a series of exciting multimedia experiences to enjoy strictly personally?
Like the EMK Institute, the "democracy lab", wanted by John Fitzgerald Kennedy's brother – Senator Edward Kennedy – in order to teach the new generation not only the art of politics, but also the history, the public procedures and the social and cultural evolutions of the American Senate.
"To preserve our vibrant democracy for future generations,
I believe it is important to have a place where citizens can learn personally the role of Senate in our government"
(Senator Edward M. Kennedy)
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate
"The EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate is dedicated to the education of public about our government,
the strengthening of the public speech and the encouraging of the participatory democracy,
to inspire and form the next generation of citizens and leaders."
(EMK Institute, introduction to the visit)
Try to imagine a sort of school where to prepare the next generations – and not only – to the politics world.
An institute accessible to everyone where to set out on an exciting journey back in time – strictly in 3D – into the history of the American Senate: from the birth of the single states until nowadays discovering close up the most important political offices and personalities of the USA.
Also passing through the narration of the figure of the late senator Ted Kennedy, the creator and the soul of the EMK. Right during the tour, it is possible to stop and visit his private studio and see a series of relics tied to his career.
The Kennedy's Brothers, Ted Kennedy workshop, EMK Institute
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate. The Kennedy Brothers John, Ted and Bobby
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate. Senator Kennedy's studio
The most exciting activity to do once entered it is certainly setting out on a short multimedia path to become senator of an American State at your choice – through a personalized tablet where all your data and your preferences will be put. And also enter the American political system in all respects, promote new legislative projects, and get credits to obtain your nomination.
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate. The entrance of Senator Kennedy's studio, the multimedia experience
What about the award for getting the Senator seat?
You can give a final speech in the Senate of he United States of America – in a faithful reconstruction in scale with even the audience – exposing freely your ideas and impressions, and talk virtually to the President of the United States himself, too.
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate. Become a Senator of a U.S. state and give a speech
What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate. The reproduction in scale of the Senate
I must admit it: a great emotion, besides an exciting experience and definitely out of the ordinary.
Extremely recommended, above all for families with children (the section dedicated is really well done) and teenagers, and/or students of international politics.
What to do in Boston: info and tips for the tour
The Edward M. Kennedy Institute – find here the essential info (always updated) to plan the tour – is located in Columbia Point, to the south of downtown Boston.
You can reach it by the subway red line, JFK/UMass stop.
From the subway station a free shuttle leaves every 20 minutes: through the campus of the University of Massachusetts Boston it takes to the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate and to the near JFK Presidential Library. It is another museum not to miss a unique place dedicated to the public and private figure of the President John Fitzgerald Kennedy and to his life at the White House (with a series of very famous relics).
The EMK is opened Tuesday-Sunday, 10am-5pm. Reckon at least 2 hours for the tour.
Admission – click here to buy online: $16 adults (24-62), $14 seniors and young people 18-24. Free admission for kids and teenagers up to 17 and school groups.
BostonEMK Institute for the US SenateMassachusettsUSAWhat to do
Historical places in New York: I tell you about the tour of the Woolworth Building and its anecdotes and about the other wonderful art deco buildings in Lower Manhattan
The most suggestive rooftops where to see New York from the top
Edward Hopper places in the USA: a short itinerary from New York as far as New England
What to see in Hartford, CT: travelling around Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer and Uncle Tom's Cabin's "birthplaces".
Where to eat in Philadelphia: the history and the savors of the City Tavern Restaurant, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and John Adam's favorite tavern
Broadcast Media Award 2018 for U.S.A. promotion in Italy
Italian Media Award 2015 for U.S.A. promotion in Italy
Honorary Member of Visit USA Italy
"USA on the road", ascolta il mio Podcast!
Click on the photo, get a quote Alamo, book your car and ... go!
Simona Sacri at BIT 2018: States e storytelling
Member of Professional Travel Blogger Association
Scarica il mio Ebook
"Romagna solatia, dolce paese, cui regnarono Gui
Di States e posti speciali in cui tornare appena p
"Make it a September to Remember!" Negli ulti
New Mexico, "The Land of Enchantment" 🇺🇸
"See, when I paint, it is an experience that, at
"You're just a bee charmer, Idgie Threadgoode. Tha
"The American Indian is of the soil, whether it
"It is a spectacular illusion – a deeply three
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What to do in Salem, Massachusetts: visit The Peabody Essex Museum
Visit Salem, Massachusetts: a guidebook of the locations not to miss to discover the "Witch City"
Graffiti and Street Art in New York: 5 murals, tours and theme paths not to miss
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Hey Buddy!, I found this information for you: "What to do in Boston: visit the EMK Institute for the U.S. Senate and be Senator of a US State for one day". Here is the website link: https://www.simonasacri.com/en/americas/united-states/new-england-us/what-to-do-in-boston-visit-emk-institute.php. Thank you.
ISCRIVITI E SCARICA "New York Ghost Tours"
In omaggio per te il mio ebook sui luoghi più "posseduti" e spettrali di New York, un itinerario insolito, originale ed emozionante.
Che aspetti?! NON RICEVERAI SPAM, promesso! Solo informazioni utili e dettagliate per i tuoi viaggi negli States ;)
E' semplice. Ti assicuro che non riceverai SPAM :)
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The subject property is located in the heart of the Willamette Valley less than one hour south of metropolitan Portland in Salem, the state capitol. Salem is the second largest MSA in Oregon with a population of just under 500,000. A major new development for the area is the one million sq. ft. Amazon fulfillment center located in close proximity to the subject property. This will add 1,000 jobs and expand transit services that will impact the this building.
This dynamic 129,850 sq. ft. industrial facility on 10.86 acres was the home to Panasonic America and will be re-positioned for manufacturing/warehouse use starting in Q2, 2018. This state of the art facility is less than ten years old and features amenities not found in any other availability in the Mid-Willamette Valley.
Approximately 9 acres of vacant land lies adjacent to property and can facilitate an expansion of up to 150,000 sq. ft. This land is available separately for purchase starting at $4 per square foot.
This former Panasonic America facility is being repurposed beginning Q2, 2018. The property is being rezoned to IC (Industrial Commercial) which can work for a variety of manufacturing, warehouse and even office use. The building features approximately 22,850 square feet of office and employee amenity areas and 107,000 square feet of manufacturing and warehouse space.
The owners will consider demising the building for the right users.


An orchard is an intentional planting of trees or shrubs that is maintained for food production. Orchards comprise fruit or nut-producing trees which are grown for commercial production. Orchards are also sometimes a feature of large gardens, where they serve an aesthetic as well as a productive purpose. A fruit garden is generally synonymous with an orchard, although it is set on a smaller non-commercial scale and may emphasize berry shrubs in preference to fruit trees.


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è un anime realizzato nel 1992 dalla Nippon Animation, ed andato in onda per 52 episodi su TV Tokyo.

In Italia la serie è stata acquistata da Fininvest e trasmessa su Italia 1 dal giugno del 1994. Dal 22 settembre 2013 al 18 gennaio 2014 è stata pubblicata per lo streaming sul canale YouTube Yamato Animation della Yamato Video. Sempre ad opera di Yamato Video la serie completa è disponibile in due box-DVD. La storia dell'anime è ispirata dalla canzone Jeannie With the Light Brown Hair, scritta e musicata da Stephen Foster nel 1854, ed è in parte tratta da un romanzo di Fumio Ishinomori.

Trama
La storia dell'anime comincia in una piccola città in Pennsylvania, nel 1838, negli anni successivi all'abolizione della schiavitù nera. Jeanie MacDowell è una graziosa ragazza dai lunghi capelli biondi che adora suonare il pianoforte, di cui prende lezioni dalla madre. Stephen, un buon suonatore di armonica, e Bill, un ragazzo nero che suona il banjo, sono i migliori amici di Jeanie. I tre ragazzi suonano spesso insieme come fossero una piccola band.

Tuttavia la vita di Jeanie cambia drammaticamente dopo l'improvvisa morte della madre. Avendo fatto tesoro della triste esperienza, Jeanie decide di dedicare la propria vita nell'aiutare le persone che soffrono per malattia. Dopo breve tempo il padre si risposa e i rapporti tra Jeanie e la matrigna sono problematici, soprattutto all'inizio. Finite le medie, Jeanie, per seguire la sua vocazione e anche per allontanarsi da casa, chiede di essere mandata in un collegio per imparare la professione di medico. Purtroppo alcune compagne e la direttrice la prendono in antipatia, ma per fortuna a sostenerla c'è Bill, che riesce a trovare un lavoro nel campus. Dopo un po' comunque i contrasti si appianano, e Jeanie riesce a diplomarsi e a fare ritorno a casa insieme a Stephen.

Anche qui, però, i problemi non tardano a presentarsi. Bill, che aveva cominciato a suonare in una jazz band, perde "l'ispirazione" e non riesce più a suonare, e per questo abbandona la band. Intanto Jeanie comincia un periodo di tirocinio presso un medico severo ed austero, in una cittadina con un orfanotrofio molto povero dove lei alloggia. La cittadinanza però non accetta volentieri l'orfanotrofio e i suoi ragazzi, e Jeanie dovrà affrontare l'ostilità del sindaco dovendo reperire i soldi necessari per non far chiudere l'istituto; ma, con il passare del tempo, i sentimenti che legano la ragazza e Stephen diventeranno più profondi. La storia termina con un lieto fine: Jeanie, diventata medico, sposa il suo Stephen, mentre Bill ritrova la voglia di suonare. La frase conclusiva della serie spiega che "Nell'aprile 1850 io e Stephen ci sposammo! Dalla nostra felice unione nacque una splendida bambina..."

Personaggi

È una ragazza di bell'aspetto dai lunghi capelli biondi residente a Lawrenceville, ama suonare il pianoforte, strumento che la madre le insegna dall'infanzia. Figlia di Angela e Freddie MacDowell, la madre insegnante di pianoforte e il padre dottore del paese.

È uno dei più cari amici di Jeanie, con cui l'amicizia si trasformerà in amore, proprio come nel romanzo. Compone musiche per l'armonica che suona molto bene.

Amico di Jeanie e Stephen, anche lui appassionato di musica, suona il banjo.

Diana: figlia di un grosso imprenditore, si reca a Lawrenceville per far curare suo padre malato dal padre di Jeanie.

Mami: madre di Bill, governante presso casa MacDowell, cucina molto bene in particolare le torte.

Sig.ra Margaret: è una delle insegnanti della scuola di Lawrenceville, ha perso la madre, ha un carattere molto disponibile verso i suoi studenti.

Osservazioni

 È interessante notare che nella serie uno dei cardini principali è rappresentato dalla storia d'amore fra Jeanie e Stephen, un chiaro riferimento all'autore Stephen Foster ed a sua moglie Jeanie, a cui il romanzo era dedicato.

 Nel 1979 era già stato prodotto un anime intitolato Jeanie dai lunghi capelli, sullo stesso argomento e sempre con Jeanie come protagonista, ma con una storia completamente diversa e di cui Fiocchi di cotone per Jeanie quindi non rappresenta un remake.

 Va fatta una precisazione: al contrario di quanto la maggior parte delle persone pensi, i personaggi di colore presenti nella storia non sono schiavi, bensì uomini liberi (cosa intuibile, per esempio, dal fatto che posseggono denaro proprio). La schiavitù in Pennsylvania fu infatti abolita nel 1780. Restano tuttavia evidenti sia la posizione socialmente inferiore dei personaggi di colore rispetto ai bianchi, sia il messaggio fortemente anti-razzista di cui tutto l'anime è impregnato.

Musiche

La canzone che ha ispirato la serie
La canzone Jeanie With The Light Brown Hair a cui la serie si è in parte ispirata, è stata scritta nel 1854 da Stephen Foster che la dedicò alla moglie Jane McDowell.

Altre canzoni
Per tutte le canzoni che accompagnano la serie testi e musica sono di Stephen C. Foster.

Sigle
Sigla iniziale giapponese

 Testo di Kazunori Sonobe; musica ed arrangiamento di Tomoki Hasegawa; è interpretata da Mitsuko Horie.
Sigla finale giapponese

 Testo di Mitsuko Shiramine; musica ed arrangiamento di Hideo Shimazu; è interpretata da Mitsuko Horie.
Sigla iniziale e finale italiana
 "Fiocchi di cotone per Jeanie"
 Testo di Alessandra Valeri Manera; musica di Ninni Carucci; è interpretata da Cristina D'Avena e il coro dei Piccoli Cantori di Milano.
 Nell'edizione andata in onda su Anime Gold la canzone è stata trasmessa sulle immagini delle sigle originali giapponesi, inoltre nella sigla di coda è stata utilizzata una strofa non presente nella versione di testa né nel taglio di Italia 1 (Ti accorgerai / che in fondo ad ogni verità / se guarderai / c'è un'altra verità / due verità / per me non fanno una bugia / ma la realtà / fra amore e fantasia).

Doppiaggio
Il doppiaggio italiano della serie è stato eseguito presso lo studio Deneb Film di Milano sotto la direzione di Guido Rutta. La traduzione dall'originale giapponese è stata eseguita presso la C.I.T.I. e i dialoghi italiani sono a cura di Annalisa Costantino e Sergio Romanò.

Episodi

Titoli internazionali
  風の中の少女 金髪のジェニー
  Dulce Jana
  Fiocchi di cotone per Jeanie
  Jeanie mit den hellbraunen Haaren
  Le rêve de Jeannie
  أبنتي العزيزة .. راوية

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Serie televisive ambientate in Pennsylvania
Anime e manga musicali
Anime e manga scolastici

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The ntpd(8) daemon is an implementation of the Network Time Protocol (NTP) used to synchronize the time of a computer system to a reference time source.
BIND 9 is an implementation of the Domain Name System (DNS) protocols. The named(8) daemon is an Internet Domain Name Server.
DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC) provides data integrity, origin authentication and authenticated denial of existence to resolvers.
There are two major vulnerabilities which were recently discovered in the PowerDNS Recursor (all versions up to and including 3.1.7.1) which can lead to a full system compromise and/or cache poisoning.
Fleximus wishes everybody a happy new year! We hope that 2010 will be a great year, with lots of good and exciting stuff.
Kingcope discovered and posted on Full-disclosure that the Run-Time Link-Editor (rtld) in recent FreeBSD versions has a dangerous bug. An attacker can trick rtld to accept a manipulated LD_PRELOAD environment variable even when executing setugid binaries like "ping" or "su".


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Paul Schemm (YAB '92): 'AUC Has Been Playing the Role of East-West Bridge for Generations, and I Appreciate That'
Devon Murray
Paul Schemm (YAB '92) was recently named foreign deputy regional editor at The Washington Post. Schemm studied abroad at AUC for a year in 1991, an experience that further piqued his interest in the Middle East and left him wanting more. He eventually returned to Cairo years later, where he grew his career as a reporter and editor. Now based in London, Paul recalls his time at AUC and in Cairo with fondness.
Where were you born? Where did you grow up?
I was born in the United States. My father was a doctor in the army, and as a result, we moved a great deal, living in Germany and Belgium when I was young. My mother was also born in the Netherlands, so we had family in Europe.
Are there any experiences you had as a child or teenager that pushed you toward the Middle East?
I was always interested in other countries and their histories. We came to Egypt when I was 15, and I got the chance to travel across the country and inside the region –– all of which left a deep impression on me so that when I went to Williams College, one of the first things I looked into was year-abroad programs in the Middle East.
Schemm working at the Cairo Times in 2003
Why did you choose AUC for your semester abroad?
Williams had an agreement with AUC. I believe Professor Raymond Baker was teaching at both institutions at the time, so that's why I chose Egypt. Needless to say for a 19 year old, Cairo in 1991 was quite an experience and a long way from the remote bucolic setting of Williams. My group of year abroads were the first to stay in the then newly opened Zamalek dormitory.
What did you study during your year at AUC?
My courses mostly focused on Middle East history and politics, as I was a political science major. I regret not taking more Arabic courses like some of my fellow year abroads did, and tackling the Arabic language, both Egyptian dialect and MSA has been a rather long saga.
It is hard to say where I learned more: from the streets of Cairo, in the classrooms or just on the campus with other students.
Probably one of my favorite classes was the introduction to Medieval Islamic Architecture in Cairo that involved Friday morning outings to the amazing mosques and madrasas of Gamaliya, the cemeteries and other neighborhoods. Years later, when I came back to live in Cairo, I would still go down and visit those parts of town, often dragging hapless visitors along for my architectural obsession.
What did you do after AUC?
After my time at AUC, I returned to the United States much more focused on studying the region than before. And for the next few years, with work in DC and then graduate school in Texas, it was all about finding a way back to the region, which I eventually did in 1997, getting an internship at an English-language weekly, Middle East Times. That kicked off 13 years of living in Cairo and working as a journalist.
Part of my heart will always be in Cairo after spending such a formative period there.
I met my wife in Cairo, and my son was born in a hospital on Roda Island. I have traveled through Egypt from the border crossing of Salloum down to the deserts around Toshka, visited churches in Upper Egypt and taken cruises on Lake Nasser. I covered protests at Cairo University and across the city at the start of the Iraq War, and I was in Tahrir Square when Mubarak resigned. For many years, I would ride every week in the desert around the pyramids.
When I walked through downtown –– and I lived for years in Mounira and then later Garden City –– I always looked fondly on the buildings of the Tahrir Square campus. Long after the University moved to New Cairo, I would still go to the Tahrir Square AUC bookstore.
Schemm working in Iraqi Kurdistan in 2006
I worked for a number of local publications in Egypt, including AmCham's Business Monthly and the long defunct Cairo Times, which I edited for a time. I eventually joined AFP and went to Baghdad for a little over a year to cover the situation there from around 2005 to 2006 and a few times afterward. I later moved to AP, where I wrote a bit and was an editor on their Mideast desk, working with correspondents from around the region.
In May 2011, I took a job as the AP chief correspondent in North Africa, based in Rabat, where I lived for the next four years. I visited Cairo a few times after that. I subsequently left AP and went to Ethiopia, working as a freelancer before joining The Washington Post as a part-time writer and editor. That work eventually became full time as a foreign desk editor, handling material for when people in DC were still asleep –– working with correspondents in East Asia, South Asia and across the Middle East, Africa and Europe. I moved to Dubai as part of my wife's work and continued my Washington Post job from there.
In my current role, I work with people in Europe, India and Africa but, of course, remain particularly interested in the Middle East.
Schemm working in Libya in 2011
How did studying at AUC shape your professional or personal life?
It is a little difficult to overstate the impact my time at AUC had on my life. On the one hand, I became much more independent –– negotiating a strange city in a language different from my own, learning about a new culture, meeting all sorts of different people. Some of the AUC students I met at that time I am still friends with all these years later (some even work there).
I think AUC gave me an entry into Egypt as a student, teaching me about the place, providing a sanctuary within its calm walls to eventually allow me to venture on my own into the wild city. AUC has been playing the role as a bridge between East and West for generations of international students and visitors, and that is something I will always appreciate. It is hard for me to imagine my long experience with Egypt without the role of AUC at the beginning.
New Professional Diploma at AUC Prepares Students to Tackle Climate Challenges
AUC launched a new professional diploma this year for students interested in water, agriculture, and renewable energy — and more broadly, Egypt's future.
AUC-Azza Fahmy Collaboration Brings Jewelry Business Studies for Creative Entrepreneurs
Collaborating with the Design Studio by Azza Fahmy, AUC's School of Continuing Education (SCE) is launching a new 14-week course that will empower jewelry artists with the skills and business knowledge they need to launch a successful and sustainable busi
A University Treasure: Students Explore Design History Through AUC's Rare Books and Special Collections Library
A project created by AUC's graphic design program and spearheaded this semester by <
AUC Alumnus Ahmed ElGamal Makes MIT Technology Review's Innovators Under 35 List
Ahmed Hany ElGamal '12 has been named as a leading Innovator Under 35 in the Middle East and North Africa (IU35 MENA) by the MIT Technology Review Arabia for his invention LinkBox, a collaborative document editing software.
info@aucegypt.edu
t+ 20.2.2615.1000 (AUC New Cairo)
t+ 20.2.2615.1000 (AUC Tahrir Square)
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text:
Séminaires LERMA
Observatoire de Paris - PSL - CNRS
Email : jean-francois.lestrade@obspm.fr
PROCHAIN SEMINAIRE
Vendredi 10 février 2023, 14h00
Salle de l'Atelier, Observatoire de Paris,
"Challenges for new discoveries from cosmic microwave background experiments towards the age of inflation and beyond"
Alessia RITACCO, ENS
résumé : In the seminar I will discuss the current challenges for an unbiased detection of the CMB polarization signal with the accuracy required to probe physics beyond the current standard model of cosmology. Specifically, I will present a study project developed at the LPENS and LERMA laboratories in Paris to face this challenge.
Over the past two decades, observations of temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have played a fundamental role in defining the current standard cosmological model, providing insights into the origin of structure, the density of baryons, dark matter, dark energy and the global properties of spacetime. Today, one of the biggest unanswered questions concerns the mechanism that created the small primordial fluctuations that fuelled the observed anisotropies of the CMB and that eventually grew into stars and galaxies. The most widely accepted idea is that of 'cosmic inflation', which predicts an almost exponential expansion of the universe at its origins.
The curl-like pattern of the CMB polarisation, the so-called B-modes, is the observable signature of the existence of the primordial gravitational waves predicted by the inflation theory. The detection of this very faint signal could therefore probe the existence of an epoch of inflation. This aim has motivated an enormous technological effort to achieve unprecedented levels of instrument sensitivity. Today, however, the limiting factors are related more to uncertainty (astrophysical and instrumental) than to statistical uncertainty. Two of the main problems concern: i) the absolute calibration of the polarisation angle and ii) the removal of the CMB foreground emission. These systematics are partially mitigated by data analysis and model-dependent assumptions, but the lack of an efficient and independent method to accurately calibrate CMB experiments could deny the possibility of potential new discoveries in the field.
In this context, recent results (Ritacco+2023) have shown that important information is still missing to correctly model the Spectral Energy Distribution of the dust foreground in the E- and B-mode polarization signals, which could significantly distort the CMB signal. I will present these new findings enclosed in a recent release of Planck HFI data together with the state-of-the-art concerning the absolute calibration of CMB polarization experiments through the well known supernova remnant, the Crab nebula.
MERCREDI 14 Décembre 2022, 14h00
Salle de l'Atelier, Observatoire de Paris, VIDEO
"Molecular gas in HI-absorption-selected galaxies at z~2"
Balpreet KAUR, National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune, India
résumé : The strongest HI absorbers, the damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs), in QSO spectra indicate the presence of a gas-rich galaxy close to, or along, the QSO sightline. Identifying the HI-selected galaxies associated with DLAs provides a unique opportunity to connect the properties of high-z galaxies to those of their circumgalactic mediums, as well as to identify and characterize galaxies without a luminosity bias. We have hence been using NOEMA, the JVLA, and ALMA to carry out searches for redshifted CO emission from galaxies associated with DLAs at z>~2. Combining our results with ALMA studies from the literature, we find that the highest-metallicity DLAs tend to be associated with galaxies with very high molecular gas masses, > 5~10^10 solar masses, while the galaxies associated with lower-metallicity DLAs are not detected in their CO emission. We have also used the JVLA to detect, for the first time, CO(1-0) emission from high-z HI-selected galaxies, allowing us to measure the excitation of the mid-J CO rotational levels. We find that all four HI-selected galaxies at z>2 with CO(1-0) studies show high excitation of the mid-J CO rotational levels, with near-thermal excitation found in the two galaxies with CO(1-0) detections. The mid-J excitation in the HI-selected galaxies is consistent with that in main-sequence and sub-mm galaxies at z>2, but significantly higher than that in main-sequence galaxies at z<2. The CO-detected galaxies are faint in our HST NUV images, indicating that they are highly obscured objects.
JEUDI 7 Juillet 2022, 14h00
"Cosmological QUOKKAS: A new way of measuring cosmological distances"
Jeffrey HODGSON, Sejong University, Seoul
résumé : Recently there has been substantial debate around the reliability of cosmological distance measures. Potential sources of systematic error could be influencing the interpretation of results. For this reason, there is a great need for a new and independent distance measure. In this presentation, I will present the 'standard speed-gun' method of measuring distances to blazars which can be seen from 0 < z < 6. The core assumption of the method is that the variability seen in blazars is constrained by the speed of light. This then allows us to calibrate a standard ruler which is then compared with the apparent size; measured with VLBI. We applied this method to the famous nearby source 3C 84 and derived a measurement of the Hubble Constant. This technique has several advantages over other distance measures such as Type Ia supernovae but is currently limited by the sensitivity and cadence of existing VLBI arrays. The Cosmological QUOKKAS program will use the KVN with the Mopra telescope in Australia to measure distances to AGN over a large redshift range. The initial program is somewhat limited, but new arrays such as SKA-VLBI and the ngVLA could potentially allow distance measurements to tens of thousands of sources or more.
JEUDI 30 Juin 2022, 14h00
"Constraining the properties of resolved gas and dust disks of local spiral galaxies"
Thomas LIZEE, Observatoire de Strasbourg
résumé : Milky Way observations have provided insight into the scaling relations of molecular clouds and their ability to form stars. However, these relations cannot be established in nearby galaxies due to the limited spatial resolution of available observations. Starting from the multiphase, multiscale analytical model of Vollmer et al. 2017, whose goal is to describe galaxies as clumpy turbulent accretion disks, we improved the model and applied it to a sample of 17 local spiral galaxies. We generated radial profiles of large-scale quantities (SFR, stars, total gas) as well as molecular line emissions of different species (CO, HCN, HCO+) and compared them to multi-wavelength observations. The model is then able to predict key properties of the ISM such as the Toomre parameter Q, the gas velocity dispersion, the characteristic timescales of molecular clouds (free fall, molecular gas formation and turbulent times) as well as the CO-to-H2 and HCN-to-H2(dense) conversion factors. We conclude our study by reproducing the radial profiles of a Virgo cluster galaxy, NGC 4654, affected by both ram pressure stripping and gravitational interactions to better understand how the ISM properties reacts to such perturbations.
Salle de l'Atelier, Observatoire de Paris, VIDEO (voice for first 15 minutes only)
"The carbon cycle emission as a diagnostic tool for the interstellar medium state"
Thomas BISBAS, University of Cologne
résumé : Carbon is one of the most abundant elements in the Universe and present in both local and distant galaxies. It can be found in three forms, known as the "carbon cycle": ionized (C+), atomic (C), and molecular in the form of carbon monoxide (CO). Its chemical state is determined by the environmental parameters of the interstellar medium. Consequently, we can use the emission lines of the carbon cycle to estimate these environmental parameters, which ultimately shape the density distribution of the interstellar gas in galaxies. Through numerical modelling and comparison with observational data, I will discuss how each of the aforementioned line emissions can be used as a diagnostic of the chemical and dynamical state of the interstellar medium.
JEUDI 9 Juin 2022, 14h00
"Evidence for amino acids in the gas of the IC 348 star cluster of Perseus"
Susana IGLESIAS ROTH, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
résumé : Amino acids are building-blocks of proteins, basic constituents of all organisms and essential to life on Earth. They are present in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites and comets, but their origin is still unknown. Formation of amino acids in the interstellar medium is posible via specific gas-phase reactions in dark clouds, however sensitive radiosearches at millimeter wavelengths have not revealed their existence yet. The mid-IR vibrational spectra of amino acids provides an alternative path for their identification. We present Spitzer spectroscopic observations in the star-forming region IC 348 of the Perseus Molecular Cloud showing evidence for mid-IR bands of H2, OH, H2O, CO2, C2H2, C4H2, HC5N, C2H6, C6H2, C6H6, PAHs, fullerenes C60 and C70 and emission lines consistent with the most intense laboratory bands of the three aromatic amino acids, tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan and the aliphatic amino acids isoleucine and glycine. Estimates of column densities give values 10-100 times higher for isoleucine and glycine than for the aromatic amino acids as in some meteorites. The strongest bands of each amino acid are also found in the combined spectrum of >30 interstellar locations in diverse star-forming regions supporting the suggestion that amino acids are widely spread in interstellar space. Future mid-IR searches for proteinogenic amino acids in protostars, protoplanetary disks and in the interstellar medium will be key to establish an exogenous origin of meteoritic amino acids and to understand how the prebiotic conditions for life were set in the early Earth.
JEUDI 7 avril 2022, 14h00
"The Condor Array Telescope: Deep, Rapid-Cadence, Broad- and Narrow-Band Imaging"
Kenneth LANZETTA, University of New York, Stony Brook
résumé : The Condor Array Telescope or "Condor" is an "array telescope" consisting of six off-the-shelf 180 mm-diameter apochromatic refracting telescopes coupled with six off-the-shelf large-format CMOS camera all mounted onto a common mount. The telescope is specifically designed to (1) detect and identify galaxies and galaxy features of extremely low surface brightness, (2) monitor stars and other point sources at a very rapid cadence, and (3) study the gaseous signatures of star birth and star death. The telescope was deployed to a dark site in the US desert southwest near Animas, New Mexico last spring and was commissioned and calibrated over the course of last summer and autumn. In this lecture, I will describe the telescope, report the current status of the project, and discuss the observations that Condor has obtained over its first year of operation. I will specifically discuss the current state of Condor's search for Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of white dwarfs.
JEUDI 24 mars 2022, 14h00
"Environmental effects on galaxies"
Florence DURRET, IAP
résumé : The properties of galaxies are known to be modified by their environment, and this is particularly visible in galaxy clusters, where ram pressure stripping (RPS) by the hot intracluster medium may occur. I will present recent searches for RPS galaxies in clusters at intermediate redshifts (between 0.4 and 0.9) based on HST images, concentrating particularly on two clusters at z=0.5 for which a detailed study of their stellar properties (masses, ages, star formation rates) was possible.
Interestingly, RPS candidates with spectroscopic and with photometric redshifts have comparable stellar properties, suggesting that large samples of RPS galaxies could be gathered based on multi-band photometry only, a promising result in view of the very large imaging surveys planned in the coming years (DES, Euclid, LSST, etc.).
I will also discuss the properties of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs), the influence of intracluster light on these galaxies, and the link of BCGs with the cosmic web.
JEUDI 24 fevrier 2022, 16h00, i.e. !!! SEIZE HEURES !!!
The LOFAR window on the multiphase and magnetized Galaxy: insights from the MUSICA project
Andrea BRACCO, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb & ENS
résumé : Radio observations are a unique window to explore the mystery of cosmic magnetism, from the Galaxy to cosmological ages. By tracing synchrotron emission below 200 MHz with unprecedented sensitivity, the LOFAR telescope is providing us with the most detailed image of the magnetized Milky Way that we have just started to study. In this talk I will present the progress of my MUSICA project. We have contributed to step forward in the understanding of the radio sky, highlighting with first statistical results the complex coupling of the multiphase interstellar gas with magnetic fields in our Galaxy. Our observational results and numerical models of the turbulent, multiphase, and magnetized Galaxy are preparing the ground for the interpretation of next-generation radio-telescopes such as NenuFAR, LOFAR2.0, and the Square kilometer Array.
JEUDI 17 fevrier 2022, 14h00
Visioconference VIDEO (first 3 minutes missing)
Cold gas and galaxy evolution in massive groups/clusters at high redshifts
Emanuele DADDI, CEA
résumé : According to theory expectations, massive halos at high redshifts should be efficiently fed with cold gas streams from the cosmic web, and display intense activity as a result. Still, after decades of simulation work on these processes, not much has been obtained from observations in support of this theory, as directly observing accretion is very difficult. In my talk I will describe ongoing efforts to systematically characterise the presence and nature of cold gas shining in Lya around massive structures at high redshifts, based on KCWI follow-up of known structures. Our best studied case, RO-1001 at z=2.91, reveals a filamentary structure highly suggestive of accreting gas. Based on our current sample of 9 targets, we investigate trends between hosting DM halo mass, integrated SFRs, AGN bolometric activity and redshift, as a function of Lya luminosity and predicted properties, trying to unveil possible patterns pointing to accretion.
We also concentrated on galaxy properties in these fields, seeking signatures that could relate to accretion. I will discuss the present evidence in the framework of current understanding of gas accreetion, outflows, feedback and growth of structures with their galaxy content.
JEUDI 3 fevrier 2022, 14h00
The role of hub-filament systems in the formation of low- to high-mass stars
Doris ARZOUMANIAN, NAOJ, Nagoya University, Japan
résumé : Recent observations have revealed the organization of the interstellar medium into filament networks. In molecular clouds, the densest filaments are now identified as the precise birthplaces of individual stars, while the hubs formed at their intersections are the location of stellar clusters and high-mass stars. To understand the star formation process, it is thus essential to describe the formation and evolution of filaments and hubs and their fragmentation into star forming cores. I will present new theoretical and observational studies indicating the formation of filamentary molecular clouds at the edge of expanding bubbles. In particular, I will show observations suggesting multiple compressions responsible in the formation and evolution of the filament networks. I will also discuss the role of filament coalescence and hub-filament systems in the formation process of stars from low to high masses.
JEUDI 20 janvier 2022, 14h00
Visioconférence VIDEO
Scattering transforms, application to astrophysics and cosmology
Erwan ALLYS, ENS
résumé : Thanks to their ability to efficiently extract non-Gaussian features, as well as allowing realisitic generative models to be built from a very small amount of data, scattering transforms can be used as an important lever for scientific goals in astrophysics and cosmology. In this talk, I will focus on two particular topics. First, the comparison between different observations and simulations of the interstellar medium, the underlying goal of which is to develop simulations capable of reproducing the nonlinear dynamics observed in the sky. Second, the separation of components in astrophysical observations thanks to their different non-Gaussian signatures, in particular the CMB/CIB and their respective galactic foregrounds.
LUNDI 6 décembre 2021, 14h00
Salle 304 T32-33 Jussieu/LERMA VIDEO
Universal PAH fragmentation: The search for common carbon ancestors
Helgi Rafn HRODMARSSON, Leiden Observatory
résumé : The chemical link between the diffuse interstellar medium and molecular clouds is not well characterized. This is in part because the century old mystery of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) is still unsolved, as it could hold the keys to unlocking which are the most important molecules capable of surviving in the diffuse interstellar medium for aeons. By studying the radiation-induced fragmentation of several PAH species of different symmetry and different sizes, this work shows that PAHs appear to follow very similar fragmentation pathways, giving rise to ionized magic number carbon clusters. These could be ideal candidates as products of PAH destruction in PDRs and other astrophysical regions that ungergo significant energetic processing. If this scenario is taken to the extreme, these clusters might survive in the diffuse interstellar medium for a long enough period to form the first chemical seeds of molecular clouds – becoming the common carbon ancestors of stars, planets, and life.
JEUDI 2 décembre 2021, 11h00 (!!)
Salle de l'Atelier, Observatoire de Paris VIDEO
Big data, Big responsabilities: Introduction to Maneage (Managing data lineage)
Mohammad AKHLAGHI, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Spain
Abstract. The increasing volume, diversity, and role of data in modern research has been very fruitful. However, these same factors, have also made it harder to describe (in sufficient detail) the processing behind a scientific result within the confines of a traditional paper. It is thus becoming harder and harder to reproduce results (i.e., critically review by coauthors, referees or larger community) that define scientific progress. In this talk, Maneage (MANaging data linEAGE) is introduced as a working solution to this problem. Maneage is (a template) that provides a framework to exactly reproduce a scientific analysis (from the input data and software, to the processing and creation of final report/paper/dataset. The necessary software are built (from the low-level C compiler and shell, to the higher-level science programs and all their dependencies) with the predefined configuration. The software are then run on the input data sets to produce the final result. The template will finally produce a "dynamic" PDF using LaTeX macros: any change in the analysis will automatically update the relevant parts of the PDF (for example numbers, tables or figures). A project defined in this template is fully managed and published in plain text and only consumes a few hundred kilo-bytes (unlike binary multi-gigabyte blobs like containers). It is thus easily to publish, for example on arXiv with the paper's LaTeX source or Software Heritage. Giving readers the ability to exactly study and reproduce the paper's results. It is also easily search-able, providing a treasure trove to extract metadata on the project (even after publication, and without the author's active involvement). This can be very valuable when implement widely (e.g., using machine learning on many project sources to define automatic workflows). But most importantly it will allow other scientists to independently study the details, verify in practice, and build incrementally on each others' work, without necessarily needing to run it.
MERCREDI 10 novembre 2021, 14h00
Do we need a new cosmological model? Towards accurate precision cosmology with CLONES
Jenny SORCE, ENS Lyon
résumé : To unveil the nature of 95% of the Universe, missions such as Euclid aim at reaching a few percent precision. In this quest for precision, tensions between the standard cosmological model and observations already arise: local and global H0 measurements are incompatible at more than 3-sigma, anomalies emerge within the CMB, small scale simulations mismatch detailed small scale observations. These tensions suggest that we should perhaps not be so quickly inclined to disregard our observational site as a bias factor: Accuracy is not Precision. Few percent precision and local-induced biases are of the same order of magnitude. A precise mapping and modeling of the local distribution of matter is essential to properly account for these biases. Simulations constrained to resemble the local Universe constitute the tool of choice for such studies. I will summarize the genesis of the initial conditions of such simulations, that I baptized CLONES (Constrained LOcal & Nesting Environment Simulations), as well as present a few results that promise to tremendously impact our capacity to evade local-induced biases that will matter in future analyses to reach accurate precision cosmology.
LUNDI 11 octobre 2021, 14h00
Transforming gas-rich low-mass discy galaxies into ultra-diffuse galaxies by ram pressure
Anton AFANASIEV
APC U. Paris, LERMA ObsPM, Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow State University
résumé : Faint extended elliptically-shaped ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDG) and slightly brighter and more compact dwarf elliptical (dE) and lenticular stellar systems are common in galaxy clusters. Their poorly constrained evolutionary paths can be studied by identifying young UDG and dE analogs populated with bright, massive stars. Using data mining we identified 11 such low-mass (between 2e8 and 2e9 Msun) galaxies with large half-light radii (between 2 and 5 kpc) and recently quenched star formation in the Coma and Abell 2147 galaxy clusters. All galaxies happen to have ram-pressure-stripped tails with signs of current or recent star formation. Deep spectroscopic observations revealed rotating stellar discs containing 70-95% dark matter by mass. A large fraction of the disc stars (10-60%) formed in intense star bursts 180-970 Myr ago, likely triggered by ram pressure. Observed global gradients of stellar age corroborate this scenario. Passive evolution in the next 10 Gyr will transform 9 of the 11 galaxies into UDGs. If we assume a constant rate of galaxy infall, 44±16% of the most luminous present-day UDGs in Coma must have formed via ram pressure stripping of discy progenitors.
Vendredi 23 avril 2021, 14h00
A Stellar Graveyard in the Core of a Globular Cluster,
Gary MAMON, IAP
résumé : The ubiquity of supermassive black holes in massive galaxies suggests the existence of intermediate-mass ones (IMBHs) in smaller systems. However, IMBHs are at best rare in dwarf galaxies and not convincingly seen in globular clusters. We embarked on a search for such an IMBH in a very nearby core-collapsed globular cluster, NGC 7397. For this we ran extensive mass-orbit modeling with our Bayesian MAMPOSSt-PM code that fits mass and velocity anisotropy models to the distribution of observed tracers in 4D projected phase space. We used a combination of proper motions from HST and Gaia, supplemented with redshifts from MUSE. We found very strong Bayesian evidence for an excess of unseen mass in the core of the cluster amounting to 1 to 2% of the cluster mass. But surprisingly, we found rather strong evidence that this excess mass is not point-like but has a size of roughly 3% of that of the cluster. Our conclusion is robust to our adopted surface density profile and on our modeling of the velocity anisotropy, as the data suggest isotropic orbits throughout the cluster. It is also robust to our use of one or two classes of Main Sequence stars (given the mass segregation in collisional systems such as clusters), as well as on our filtering for quality data. The expected mass segregation suggests that the excess mass is made of objects heavier than Main Sequence stars: white dwarfs, neutron stars and possibly stellar black holes, all of which lost their orbital energy by dynamical friction to end up in the cluster core. I will discuss the evidence for and against the possibility that most of the unseen mass in the center is in the form of such black holes, as well as the consequences of this intriguing possibility.
Vendredi 19 mars 2021, 14h00
Millimeter rotational lines as powerful diagnostics of the physical conditions inside a Giant Molecular Cloud - The Orion B case
Jérôme PETY, IRAM/Observatoire de Paris-LERMA
résumé : Molecules have long been thought to be versatile tracers of cold neutral media in the universe, from high-redshift galaxies to star forming regions and proto-planetary disks, because their internal degrees of freedom are controlled by physical conditions in their environments. However, the promise that molecular emission has a strong predictive power of the physical and chemical state of the interstellar medium is still hampered by the incomplete understanding of the complex physical and chemical structure of the interstellar gas, and its dynamical evolution.
In this talk, I will present The ORION-B project (Outstanding Radio-Imaging of OrioN-B), a Large Program of the IRAM 30m telescope, and discuss three recent results obtained thanks to machine learning techniques: 1) How to improve the quantitative estimate of the H2 column density based on the molecular line intensities (Gratier et al. 2021);
2) How to estimate a reference precision on the column densities, excitation temperatures, centroid velocities and velocity dispersions of the three main CO isotopologues, 12CO, 13CO, C18O, with the help of the Cramer Rao Bound (CRB) technique (Roueff et al. 2021);
3) How to identify the best tracers of the ionization fraction among hundreds of species included in models (Bron et al. 2021). I will discuss the astrophysical consequences.
References : * Bron et al. 2021, A&A, 645, 28B, "Tracers of the ionization fraction in dense and translucent gas. I. Automated exploitation of massive astrochemical model grids" * Gratier et al. 2021, A&A, 645, 27G, "Quantitative inference of the H2 column densities from 3 mm molecular emission: case study towards Orion B" * Roueff et al. 2021, A&A, 645, 26R, "C18O, 13CO, and 12CO abundances and excitation temperatures in the Orion B molecular cloud. Analysis of the achievable precision in modeling spectral lines within the approximation of the local thermodynamic equilibrium".
Vendredi 5 mars 2021, 14h00
Laboratory astrophysics studies of VUV and X-ray induced photodesorption from interstellar ice analogues
Mathieu BERTIN, LERMA-Jussieu-PSL
résumé : The recent advances in space and ground based telescopes (ALMA, NOEMA…) have allowed the detection of more and more molecules in the gas phase in the coldest regions of the interstellar medium - ISM (star-forming regions, protoplanetary disks…). The puzzling detection of these gaseous species, including small organic molecules, in media where the temperature is very low (~ 10-100 K), is currently a major and still open question, directly linked to the astrochemical richness. Most of the observed molecules are indeed expected to either directly form or accrete on the surface of dust grains, and cannot thermally desorb in the regions where they are detected. Their observation requires thus non-thermal desorption processes, among which the desorption induced by UV or X-ray photons – so-called photodesorption – is a promising candidate. However, its role still needs to be clarified, especially in the case of the desorption of small organics molecules for which both the quantitative yields and the underlying mechanisms are lacking.
I will present the outcomes of recent laboratory astrophysics studies base on the use of the monochromatic and tunable synchrotron radiation, dedicated to understand and quantify the photodesorption processes in both the vacuum UV (7-13,6 eV) and soft X-rays (500 – 1500 eV) energy ranges. The role played by the photon energy and of the molecular ice composition on the desorption yields will be highlighted, and a special focus will be made on the case of photodesorption of complex organics molecules.
Vendredi 26 février 2021, 14h
Morphological Transformations and Quenching in Galaxies : from Simulations to Observations.
Marc HUERTAS-COMPANY, LERMA-Observatoire de Paris
Résumé : The origins of the relation between galaxy structure and star formation is still debated. I will discuss recent efforts to advance in our understanding of how massive galaxies change their morphology and quench from z~3. Using several state of the art deep learning techniques, we try to link hydrodynamic cosmological simulations with observations from deep surveys to constrain the physical conditions and evolutionary tracks of galaxies.
Vendredi 22 janvier 2021, 14h00
Dark Matter Halo Response to Baryons
Jonathan FREUNDLICH, Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg
Résumé : While cold dark matter numerical simulations predict steep, `cuspy' density profiles for dark matter halos, observations favour shallower `cores'. The introduction of baryonic physics alleviates this discrepancy, notably as feedback-driven outflow episodes contribute to expand the dark matter distribution for stellar masses between 10^7 and 10^10 Msun. I will first present a parametrization of dark matter halo density profiles with variable inner slope and concentration that enables to describe the variety of halo responses to baryons and has analytic expressions for the gravitational potential, the velocity dispersion, and lensing properties. This parametrization provides a useful tool to study the evolution of dark matter haloes, to model rotation curves of galaxies and gravitational lenses, and to be implemented in semi-analytical models of galaxy evolution. I will then present two theoretical models describing core formation in dark matter haloes. In the first one, sudden bulk outflows induced by stellar feedback reorganise the halo mass distribution while it relaxes to a new equilibrium. In the second one, small stochastic density fluctuations induce kicks to collisionless particles that progressively deviate them from their orbits. Both models are tested against numerical simulations and provide a simple understanding of the transition from cusps to cores by feedback-driven outflows.
Vendredi 11 décembre 2020, 14h00
Investigating the physical processes driving the evolution of baryons in local and high-redshift low-metallicity galaxies
Ambra NANNI, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille & National Centre of Nuclear Research, Warsaw
Résumé : The chemical enrichment in the interstellar medium of galaxies is regulated by several physical processes: stellar birth and death, dust growth and destruction, galactic inflows and outflows. Understanding the interplay of such processes is essential in order to study galaxy evolution, the chemical enrichment of the Universe through the cosmic epochs and to interpret the available and future observations. Despite the importance of such topics, the contribution of different stellar sources to the chemical enrichment of galaxies, e.g. massive stars exploding as Type II supernovae and low-mass stars, as well as the mechanisms driving the evolution of gas, metal and dust grains, remains controversial. In this seminar, I will revise our current knowledge on these physical processes and the observational challenges. I will then present the results of a recent investigation focused on local low-metallicity galaxies for which the evolution of metals, gas and dust content has been studied. In particular, I will show how the comparison between model predictions and observations can allow us to identify the most relevant physical processes determining the chemical evolution of these systems. I will then discuss how the information derived for local low-metallicity galaxies can be employed to study Lyman-Break Galaxies at the epoch of reionization, which are often considered to be their high-redshift counterparts.
Vendredi 4 décembre 2020, 14h00
Simulating galaxies at high resolution in their cosmological context with NewHorizon: methods and some key results on galaxy properties and their morphology
Yohan DUBOIS, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Résumé : Hydrodynamical cosmological simulations are increasing their level of realism by considering more physical processes, having more resolution or larger statistics. However, one usually has toeither sacrifice the statistical power of such simulations or the resolution reach within galaxies. I will introduce the NewHorizon project where a zoom-in region of ~(16 Mpc)^3, larger than a standard zoom-in region around a single halo, embedded in a larger box is simulated at high resolution. A resolution of up to 34 pc, typical of individual zoom-in state-of-the-art resimulated halos is reached within galaxies, allowing the simulation to capture the multi-phase nature of the interstellar medium and the clumpy nature of the star formation process in galaxies. I will present and discuss several key fundamental properties of galaxies and of their black holes. Due to its exquisite spatial resolution, NewHorizon captures the inefficient process of star formation in galaxies, which evolve over time from being more turbulent, gas-rich and star-bursting at high redshift. These high redshift galaxies are also more compact, and are more elliptical, disturbed and clumpier until the level of internal gas turbulence decays enough to allow for the formation of stable rotating discs. I will show the origin and persistence of the thin and thick disc components, and explain why the settling of discs ``magically'' occurs at around a stellar mass of 1e10 Msun.
Vendredi 27 novembre 2020, 14h00
visioconférence SLIDES
La phosphine sur Vénus : Une histoire brève qui en dit long
Thérèse ENCRENAZ, LESIA, Observatoire de Paris
résumé : Le 14 septembre 2020, une nouvelle fait sensation dans le monde des astronomes… et au-delà. A partir de données obtenues avec le JCMT et ALMA, une équipe internationale pilotée par Jane Greaves (Université de Cardiff, UK) annonce la détection de la phosphine (PH3) dans l'atmosphère de Vénus et évoque la possibilité d'une forme de vie sur la planète. Plusieurs articles sont publiés ou soumis dans la foulée, étudiant les qualités éventuelles de la phosphine en tant que biomarqueur ou évoquant un développement possible de la vie dans les nuages de Vénus, et la presse internationale en fait grand cas. De notre côté, au LESIA, nous menons depuis huit ans une campagne d'observations de Vénus en infrarouge, avec le télescope IRTF de Maunakea, pour étudier les variations de deux molécules mineures importantes pour la climatologie de Vénus, SO2 et H2O. En mars 2020, nous avons été contactés par l'équipe de J. Greaves pour rechercher la phosphine dans l'infrarouge avec l'instrument que nous utilisons. Les observations n'auront pas lieu à cause de la crise sanitaire. Cependant, nous avons recherché la signature de PH3 dans d'anciennes données infrarouges prises avec le même instrument, et nous en avons déduit pour l'abondance de PH3 une limite supérieure très contraignante, quatre fois plus faible que la valeur annoncée par Jane Greaves et ses collègues. Par ailleurs, le traitement des données ALMA par son équipe fait l'objet de nombreuses réserves ou critiques de la part des radioastronomes. Il est donc vraisemblable que l'engouement des média pour la phosphine de Vénus va retomber prochainement…


The return of Colin Powell?
Ridiculed as the Bush administration's "odd man out" on the eve of the terror attacks, he has neutralized the hawks -- for now.
As the United States struggles to respond effectively to the Sept. 11 terror attacks, the Bush administration official widely reported to be missing in action this year -- Secretary of State Colin Powell -- has so far turned out to be its strongest voice.
Powell was ridiculed as the missing man by Time magazine in its Sept. 10 issue -- the day before the terrorist attacks that killed as many as 7,000 and transformed international affairs. "Where have you gone Colin Powell?" read the taunt on the cover. The article called Powell the "odd man out," and said that a slew of conservatives -- from Richard Perle to Paul Wolfowitz in the Defense Department, to John Bolton at State -- had neutralized the liberal, diplomacy-oriented secretary of state.
It's tempting to ask where those hawkish voices have gone, now that Powell has become the reassuring, firm voice of reason to a frightened, angry nation.
But Powell's apparent ascendancy shouldn't be overstated. Just as rumors of his diminished role before Sept. 11 were somewhat exaggerated, the extent to which he's won the internal war over how the U.S. responds to Osama bin Laden may also turn out to be temporary. As Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld left Wednesday for a diplomatic tour of Saudi Arabia, Oman, Egypt and Uzbekistan -- nations vital for deployment of U.S. forces against Afghanistan's terrorist camps directed by bin Laden -- it was hard to know whether Rumsfeld's departure meant that Powell is too important to U.S. planning to leave Washington, or that the hawkish defense secretary is firmly in charge of an impending military offensive.
Still, it's clear that for the last three weeks, Powell has carried the day. Although he was quick to call the attacks "war," he also warned the American public almost immediately that what was needed was not a series of explosive military attacks on Afghanistan or other nations suspected of harboring bin Laden, but a broad military and diplomatic coalition that would isolate those who supported terrorists.
In those same early days after the attacks, Rumsfeld and his hard-line deputy Paul Wolfowitz argued for a more forceful approach -- including swift military action against Afghanistan and even Iraq as sponsors of terrorism.
"The assumptions that went into military plans on Sept. 10th just don't apply any more, and one has to think about, if necessary, larger forces," Wolfowitz told PBS Sept. 14. "One has to think about accepting casualties. One has to think about sustained campaigns. One has to think about broad possibilities."
And on Sept. 16, Rumsfeld himself said in a television interview, "The reality is that a terrorist can attack at any time in any place using any technique, and it is physically impossible for a free people to try to defend in every place at every time against every technique. Now, what does that mean? It means that the president is exactly right, that we have to take this battle, this war to the terrorists, where they are. And the best defense is an effective offense, in this case. And that means they have to be rooted out."
Other hawkish Rumsfeld allies denigrated Powell's diplomatic approach. "It's wonderful to have the support of our friends and allies but our foremost consideration has to be to protect this country and not take a vote among others as to how we should do it," ultra-hawk Richard Perle, who directs the Pentagon's Defense Policy Board, said in the days after the attack. But Powell held firm. "The kinds of things that will probably be most successful in the campaign against terrorism are intelligence-sharing, controlling people going across our borders, financial transactions," he told NPR Sept. 27. "You can't do this, America alone. You need coalitions."
Now Rumsfeld and Wolfowitz seem to be reading from the same script. Leaving a NATO meeting Sept. 28, Wolfowitz sounded much less aggressive than he had at first. The NATO allies "appreciated that we don't believe there's a single magic bullet, that we don't believe it's primarily military, and that their support is very important for maintaining the long-term resolve and patience that's required here," he said.
And on Wednesday Rumsfeld told reporters the war against bin Laden was more likely to rely on intelligence than military might. "It's not going to be a cruise missile or a bomber that's going to be the determining factor," he said. "It's going to be a scrap of information from some person in some country that's been repressed by a dictatorial regime ... that's going to enable us to pull this network up by its roots and end it."
But it was Rumsfeld, and not Powell, who left Wednesday for a tour of Saudi Arabia, Oman, Egypt and Uzbekistan. U.S. forces are already based in Saudi Arabia and British newspapers have reported the arrival of American spy planes in Oman at a British air base. Uzbekistan has agreed to allow U.S. forces to use former Soviet bases there which were once used in the failed occupation of neighboring Afghanistan from 1980 to 1990.
Bush said Rumsfeld was "the appropriate person to send" for consultations, but the decision to deploy the defense secretary, not the secretary of state, could be read two ways. It may be that Rumsfeld still holds vital sway over America's foreign policy and is setting up the allies and forces needed to smash bin Laden and the Afghan Taliban regime, which continues to harbor him. Or it could be that Rumsfeld is doing the field work while Powell remains at the helm of policy in Washington, receiving leaders from India and Greece Tuesday, Qatar and Portugal Wednesday and from other nations as coalition remains the weapon of choice in the U.S. response to the terrorist attacks.
A senior administration official glossed over any differences between the hawks and Powell. "This administration shows it knows how to work together and to decide the right policy," he said, because "the president says 'do it' and they do it."
Speaking on condition of anonymity, the official added: "I was not happy to see journalists write that Powell is being undercut by hawks in the administration and I'm not happy to see you now write that Powell is winning out over the hawks. The task is not just to blow up some rocks in Afghanistan. If you are to pull up the roots of terrorist networks you don't just pull them up militarily. You've got to get countries to shut down financing, bank accounts. You can't do it with guns."
But it wasn't long ago that the administration seemed ready to rely more heavily on guns in its response to the Sept. 11 attack. It was Powell who quickly went to work on a diplomatic response, building a worldwide coalition aimed at cutting off financial, logistic and communications links that enable terrorists to recruit, train, equip and dispatch thousands of terrorists against American and other targets.
Starting with NATO and then Pakistan -- the only country still recognizing the Afghan Taliban regime that is sheltering bin Laden -- Powell won the backing of key countries willing to host U.S. forces and join an anti-terrorism coalition.
And his success does seem to have him riding higher in Washington. Rumors of his struggles within the administration, in its early months, were not entirely exaggerated. Earlier this year he was humiliated when just one day after he said the United States would continue talks with North Korea initiated by the Clinton administration, he had to reverse course when Bush gave in to hawks and ordered a cutoff of all talks pending a review. (Later the talks were approved, but the peace process has been seriously set back.) Powell also faced criticism over being soft on China back in April, when a U.S. surveillance plane was downed there, although the State Department was ultimately successful in getting the crew returned safely.
He also lost his battle to allow Iraq greater access to civilian goods while tightening sanctions on access to weapons -- a move hotly opposed by hawks on Capitol Hill and eventually scotched by Russia and China in the United Nations. And the secretary of state was overruled when he tried to soft-pedal missile defense plans in Europe -- Defense Department officials simply told the allies they had no choice but to accept the American plan.
Certainly Powell continues to have his hawkish critics, who still don't forgive him for his restraint during the Gulf War, when, their line goes, the U.S. had an opportunity to go after Saddam Hussein but did not, largely due to Powell's caution. The so-called Powell Doctrine on when to use military force -- as a last resort, and only when U.S. or allies' vital interests are at stake, after clear military and political objectives have been defined, and the mission has the support of the American people and Congress -- has come in for new attack in the last three weeks.
"Ten Years On, Powell Gets it Wrong Again," was a headline for an op-ed by Mark Steyn in the London Sunday Telegraph Sept. 30 that typified this line. "Ten years ago Powell was the only guy in the inner circle who didn't want to fight the Gulf War," wrote Steyn.
Conservative William Kristol, former advisor to Vice President Dan Quayle and now editor of the Weekly Standard, complained in the Washington Post Sept. 25 that all major political figures supported President Bush in his response to the terror attacks, "except for his secretary of state. Colin Powell revised or modified many of his boss's remarks."
After Bush told the armed forces and the American people to "be ready" for war, Mr. Powell said "let's not assume there will be a large scale war," Kristol wrote. Powell also went too far, according to Kristol, when he said the overthrow of the Taliban was not a U.S. goal.
"Eleven years ago then-President bush overrode Powell's resistance to fighting Saddam. Bush was vindicated in doing so. Will the current President Bush follow Powell's lead? Or will Bush lead and demand that Powell follow?" Kristol wrote.
But Rumsfeld and Powell have been careful not to contradict each other in public. And in fact their approaches may not be contradictory in private, at this point. Although apparently Powell's arguments for restraint have been heard by Bush, it's also true that the nature of the U.S. enemy -- hidden in caves in a remote and hostile land -- is forcing both the hawks and the diplomats to reach some common conclusions.
Above all, the religious justifications for the attacks used by bin Laden and Islamic extremists threaten to turn any U.S. response into a conflict between the West and Islam. The entire Bush administration -- already well versed on the delicacy of winning hearts and minds in the Muslim world, thanks to the Gulf War -- fairly well understands the need not to fall into a trap set by bin Laden.
Powell's approach has been to shore up commitments by Muslim countries and to allow each of them to contribute whatever they can to the effort without setting off domestic instability. The key to winning the war on terrorism may lie in supporting moderate elements inside a slew of countries from Pakistan to Egypt. Powell's work in that direction has become the national agenda, even as Rumsfeld dispatches thousands of troops, planes and ships to prepare to strike once the diplomatic work is complete.
And there may well still be differences between them. Rumsfeld has warned that the U.S. response would not be toned down to accommodate any fainthearted members of a coalition. "In this war, the mission will define the coalition -- not the other way around," he warned in a briefing last week.
Ben Barber has written about the developing world since 1980 for Newsday, the London Observer, the Christian Science Monitor, Salon.com, Foreign Affairs, the Washington Times and USA TODAY. From 2003 to August, 2010, he was senior writer at the U.S. foreign aid agency. His photojournalism book, "Groundtruth: The Third World at Work at Play and at War," is to be published in 2011 by de-MO.org. He can be reached at benbarber2@hotmail.com.


Someone Has to Say It: People who post stupid comments about gun violence on my Facebook page are…?
Feature Interview: Rosemarie Jensen and Cathi Rush started the day on Feb. 14th, 2018 just like any other normal day. Then the info came that Stoneman Douglas High School was under attack. The texts from their children in the school came next and their lives were changed forever. It's time to really LISTEN!
The Schools Our Children Deserve.
And a very powerful Moment of Zinn!


by Ekai KaooVisited 8,296 times.
The AFC Leopards and Gor Mahia are the two football clubs in Kenya which have many Kenyan fans. The support of Kenyans towards the football games held in Kenya is evident by the many numbers of people attending football matches played by this clubs in Nairobi and in any other part of Kenya. Those Kenyans who cannot be able to attend football matches held in various stadiums in Kenya, are forced to watch those live matches from the supersport channels in Kenya. The football matches of Kenya are shown in channel nine (9 E) of supersport in Kenya.
Although there is a sign of improvement in Kenya premier league, Kenya is still behind in terms of paying football players their salaries. For instance a player like Wayne Rooney who plays for Manchester United in English premier league, earns approximately Kshs 40 million per week exclusive of training allowance and other bonuses. If you look at the football players from Kenya premier league clubs, the players are not paid well.
The higher paid football player in Kenya Premier League earns approximately Kshs 85,000 per month without including training allowance and other bonuses. Majority of the highest paid football players in Kenya premier league are from the two famous football clubs in Kenya; AFC Leopard football club in Kenya and Gor Mahia football club in Kenya. The salaries of football players belonging to Gor Mahia and AFC Leopard foootball clubs range from Kshs.70, 000 and Kshs.85, 000 per month.
Mike Barasa Football Player in Kenya: Mike Barasa is a football player of AFC Leopards football club in Kenya and plays the striking position. Mike Barasa football player in Kenya was born in 1979 in Kenya. Mike Barasa football player of AFC club in Kenya earns about Kshs 85,000 per month exclusive of training allowances and other bonuses.
Allan Wanga Football Player in Kenya: Allan Wanga football player is only 26 years old and play as a striker for AFC Leopard football club in Kenya. Allan Wanga of AFC club in Kenya earns Kshs 80,000 per month without including training allowances and other bonuses.
Dan Sserunkuma Football Player in Kenya: Dan Sserunkuma football player is a player born from Uganda and plays a striker for Gor Mahia football club in Kenya. Dan Sserunkuma of Gor Mahia in Kenya is 25 years old and earns a salary amounting to Kshs 75,000 per month (exclusive of allowances and bonuses).
Paul Mungai Football Player in Kenya: Paul Mungai football player is 21 years old and plays as a striker for Gor Mahia football club in Kenya. Paul Mungai of Gor Mahia club in Kenya earns a salary of Kshs 70,000 per month without inclusion of other allowances.
Paul Were Football Player in Kenya; Paul Were is also a football player who plays for AFC Leopard Football club in Kenya. Paul Were of AFC Leopards in Kenya is 22 years old and a salary of Kshs 70,000 per month exclusive of other allowances.


text:
Q: Could not find any GraphQL schema file under configured locations - SpringBoot , GraphQL I'm trying to run empty project on spring-boot with GraphQL, but I'm getting following error.
2022-01-03 12:33:11.440 ERROR 12944 --- [           main] o.s.b.d.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter   :

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Could not find any GraphQL schema file under configured locations.

Action:

Check that the following locations contain schema files:
- '' (classpath:graphql/**/)

Dependencies:
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-graphql</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

Scheme: /resources/schema.graphqls :
type Query {
  bookById(id: ID): Book
}

type Book {
  id: ID
  name: String
  pageCount: Int
  author: Author
}

type Author {
  id: ID
  firstName: String
  lastName: String
}

Is there any configuration error?

A: Rename your file to schema.graphql file to schema.graphqls

A: looks like you should change location path to
classpath:/**/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Macedonia to hold referendum on name change September 30
Macedonia's parliament on Monday set September 30 as the date for a referendum on changing the country's name to the Republic of North Macedonia, a high-stakes vote aimed at resolving the Balkan nation's long-running row with Greece and opening the door to its entry into NATO and the EU.
Skopje and Athens signed a landmark agreement in June to rename the country in an effort to break a stalemate that has poisoned their relations since 1991 and hobbled Macedonia's integration with the West.
READ ALSO: Buhari didn't want alliance with Tinubu in 2013 – Galadima
Greece has objected to its neighbour being called Macedonia because it has its own province of the same name, accusing Skopje of territorial ambitions.
While more than 120 countries, including the US and Russia, have recognised the former Yugoslav republic under the name of "Republic of Macedonia," Athens has voiced its protest by blocking the country from joining NATO or starting EU accession talks.
The referendum question approved by 68 out of 120 lawmakers on Monday closely links the name-change to Macedonia's ambitions of stronger ties with the West.
On September 30, the public will be asked: "Are you for EU and NATO membership by accepting the agreement between the Republic of Macedonia and the Republic of Greece?"
However, the nationalist opposition party, VMRO-DPMNE, boycotted the vote by leaving the room, signalling a rocky road ahead.
After the deal was struck in June, NATO said Macedonia would be eligible to join the alliance if its new name is accepted by the public.
The European Union, for its part, said last month that accession negotiations would not begin before June 2019.
But progress in resolving the dispute has been challenged by hardliners and large protests in both countries.
Athens has also accused Russia — who is strongly opposed to Macedonia's NATO ambitions — of trying to sabotage the accord by encouraging demonstrations.
Opponents in Athens are upset that the deal recognises a Macedonian language and nationality, while in Skopje a nationalist right has branded the name-change as assault on the nation's identity.
Germany beat Macedonia to qualify for 2022 World Cup
Spain set to offer adults $300 to leave home
70-year-old Swedish mother suspected of keeping son captive for 28 years released
Gunmen kill 34 in Ethiopia bus attack
20 killed in Burkina Faso attacks
Jealous groom beats bride to death in Russia


Divinely manifested images all over the cosmos!
To wipe out hatred from the hearts of humanity and unite them under the umbrella of divine love.
Lord Ra Riaz Gohar Shahi is a towering Universal Spiritual Personality given different titles in different religions. He is the Promised Messiah, Foretold Kalki Avatar and Awaited Imam Mehdi.
His Holiness Younus AlGohar is the Official Representative of Lord Ra Riaz Gohar Shahi.
Lord Jesus Christ is not just confined to Christianity. We introduce His Esoteric Person to mankind!
Ms. Trivina had a hole in her heart. She was spiritually healed by one of Messiah Foundation International's spiritual ministers in Sri Lanka and is now healthy.
Ms. Rani suffered from a skin allergy, but after taking water that had been blessed by the grace of Lord Ra Riaz, there are no longer any signs of her allergy.
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The answer to man's most profound questions can be found in this comprehensive textbook on spirituality. A must-read for seekers of the path, this book reveals the untold mysteries and secrets of God.
Reverend Steve Bell was introduced to Messiah Foundation International in 2006, when a colleague showed him the true image of Lord Jesus Christ. In this self-written entry, he explains what happened after that.