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Home » Syria Updates » Syria Update: July 04 – July 10, 2019
Syria Update
04 July to 10 July, 2019
The Syria Update is divided into two sections. The first section provides an in-depth analysis of key issues and dynamics related to wartime and post-conflict Syria. The second section provides a comprehensive whole of Syria review, detailing events and incidents, and analysis of their respective significance.
The following is a brief synopsis of the in-depth analysis section this week:
As of July 8 the Government of Syria has completely reshuffled the highest levels of the Syrian security-intelligence apparatus. In by far the most significant change, Director of the National Security Office Ali Mamlouk has been moved to the mostly ceremonial office of vice president for security affairs. However, Mamlouk was not the only high-profile official to be reshuffled; the heads of four other Syrian security agencies were also replaced on July 7. Most notably, Jamil Al-Hassan, the long standing head of Air Force Intelligence, was 'retired', as were the heads of the Criminal Security Branch, the Political Security Branch, and the General Intelligence Branch. To a large extent, the security-intelligence apparatus is the central pillar of the Syrian state, and the replacement of the heads of these agencies marks a major transition in the highest levels of the Government of Syria. This reshuffling is likely a product of Russia's coordinated efforts to reshape Syria's military-security apparatus by disrupting client networks, reducing infighting, and increasing sectarian and regional diversity. Intelligence services are an important mechanism of direct Russian influence in Syria, and bringing greater order to their operations is a clear Russian priority. Additionally, the reshuffling is likely calculated to reduce the Alawi hold on the intelligence services, and, consequently, Iran's lever of direct influence. It remains too early to know what impact these changes will have on the operation of state security services. However, a major change in Syrian security and intelligence practices is unlikely.
The following is a brief synopsis of the Whole of Syria Review:
Russia reportedly convened a meeting between Syrian Air Force Intelligence, the 5th Corps, and Israeli intelligence to discuss a tripartite plan to expel Iran-backed armed groups from southern Syria. The proposal is unprecedented; however, it is unlikely to be agreed to and almost certainly impossible to implement.
Private Iranian charitable groups have reportedly settled 50 Shia IDP families from Foua and Kefraya in eastern Aleppo city. The resettlement of these IDPs overtly challenges the administrative prerogative of the Government of Syria and is likely to stoke sectarian tensions.
The Government of Syria launched a new offensive to break a three-week stalemate in the northwest. The inability of government forces to advance into southern Idleb Governorate has many causes; however, the most important impediment is a breakdown in Russian-Turkish negotiations over northwest Syria.
One thousand IDPs have been permitted to return to Al-Qusayr city. Though notable, the event is unlikely to herald a wider return to the city, as the returnees were all public sector employees without ties to the opposition, and the area remains under significant Hezbollah influence.
The heads of Iranian, Iraqi, and Syrian railway authorities met in Tehran to discuss rail links between the countries. Restoring rail connectivity would reduce Syria's economic isolation, but for Iran the initiative is also key to securing the export of its own oil through the Mediterranean seaport of Lattakia.
British Royal Marines at Gibraltar impounded an oil tanker reportedly shipping Iranian oil to Syria. The seizure is a major escalation that will likely deepen the Syrian fuel crisis and may prompt an Iranian response.
A letter written from the Syrian minister of local administration and environment to the governor of Homs, which was leaked by media sources, granted 193 IDPs from Taldu (Houla) permission to return, while 119 IDPs were rejected. Significant uncertainty surrounds conditions for return, but the letter highlights the clear facilitating role played by local intermediaries.
The Turkish Ministry of Interior has ordered that all retail store signage in Turkey be printed in Turkish, with Arabic permitted only in small typeface. The order is the latest in a series of events highlighting the increasing politicization of the Syrian refugee issue in Turkey, as well as the increasingly systematic response of the Turkish state.
Reshuffling of Syrian Intelligence Services
Ali Mamlouk (left) and Jamil Al-Hassan (right). Images courtesy of SANA and Enab Baladi.
As of July 8 the Government of Syria has completely reshuffled the highest levels of the Syrian security-intelligence apparatus. By far the most significant change is the removal of Ali Mamlouk as Director of the National Security Office, the overarching agency which coordinates all of Syria's intelligence services. Mamlouk has been a fixture of Syrian state security services for two decades, and has been re-appointed to the mostly ceremonial office of vice president for security affairs. Muhamad Dib Zeitoun has been appointed to take Mamlouk's place as Director of the National Security Office. However, Mamlouk was not the only high-profile official to be reshuffled; the heads of four other Syrian security agencies were also replaced on July 7. Most notably, Jamil Al-Hassan, the long standing head of Air Force Intelligence, was 'retired', as were the heads of the Criminal Security Branch, the Political Security Branch, and the General Intelligence Branch.
The significance of the coordinated restructuring of Syria's five most prominent intelligence agencies cannot be overstated. To a large extent, the security-intelligence apparatus is the central pillar of the Syrian state, and the chiefs now being ousted have long-standing military, sectarian, and personal ties to the upper echelons of the Syrian regime. That said, this is also true of their replacements; ultimately, no one is considered for a role at the highest levels of the security apparatus without having demonstrated loyalty to the Syrian regime itself. The reshuffling of the heads of these agencies nevertheless marks a major transition in the highest levels of the Government of Syria.
The direct cause of the reshuffling is disputed. Some analysts have pointed to the fact that in recent weeks both Al-Hassan and Mamlouk had conducted highly contentious meetings with local reconciliation officials regarding the status of detainees, stoking tensions in communities in which the government is already deeply unpopular. Jamil Al-Hassan's seriously compromised health and reported hospitalization has also been cited as an impetus for his resignation. However, while these factors may have affected the timing of the reshuffling, neither adequately accounts for the far-reaching and unprecedented initiative now being implemented.
In fact, the reshuffling of intelligence heads is likely the latest in a series of coordinated efforts by the Government of Russia to restructure the existing Syrian military-security apparatus. Over the past six months Russia has undertaken clear efforts to systematically restructure the Syrian military and replace its leadership with individuals who are closely coordinating with Russian representatives. The most notable manifestation of this policy is the creation of the Syrian Arab Army Office of Human Resources, which was formed earlier this year through a merger between the Office of Officer Affairs and the Office of Human Security. The head of the office was reportedly personally selected by Russian representatives at the Hmeimim Airbase and has a direct connection to Russian military representatives. Through the office, numerous Syrian military officers have been forced into retirement, transferred to marginal military positions, and, in some cases, detained. Additionally, the Government of Russia has increasingly attempted to merge or formalize paramilitary pro–Syrian government armed groups; for example, on May 1, reportedly at the behest of the Government of Russia, the Government of Syria's Ministry of Defense dissolved 14 pro–Government of Syria militia groups and subsequently incorporated their combatants and commanders into the Syrian Arab Army.
To a large extent, the Government of Syria has depended on paramilitary groups to overcome deficiencies in manpower and funding. However, as the conflict winds down, the Government of Syria's combat needs are now significantly diminished. As a result, the infighting and frequent clashes among nominally government-affiliated military units, security branches, and militias is an impediment to effective command and control. Friction among these groups has hampered Russia's ability to effectively implement a coherent strategy in Syria, and to de-escalate tensions in communities in which the Government of Syria exercises nominal control, but remains incapable of administering services or security.
Effectively, the reshuffling of the intelligence services is likely a second front in Russia's coordinated efforts to reshape Syria's military-security apparatus by disrupting client networks, reducing infighting, and increasing sectarian and regional diversity. Intelligence services are an important mechanism of direct Russian influence in Syria, and bringing greater order to their operations is a clear Russian priority. Additionally, Russia has emphasized initiatives to solidify its influence within the security apparatus, both to implement its own policies more effectively and to limit Iranian influence, which pervades the lower ranks. To that end, the reshuffling has a sectarian and geographic dimension. Syria's intelligence apparatus is historically reliant on leadership drawn from the Syrian coast and the Alawi sect, with only a modest number of Sunnis (the majority of the population) rising to the higher ranks. Indeed, several of the heads appointed in the latest reshuffling are from areas outside the predominantly Alawi coastal areas, or are Sunnis. This is likely calculated to reduce the Alawi hold on the intelligence services, and, consequently, Iran's lever of direct influence.
It remains too early to know what impact these changes will have on the operation of state security services. Intelligence heads are understood to have some measure of independence in setting procedures and mechanisms within their respective agencies. However, a major change in Syrian security and intelligence practices is unlikely. As noted, all of the reshuffled intelligence officials are close to the Syrian regime, and the newly appointed heads of Air Force Intelligence and General Intelligence, Ghassan Ismail and Hussam Luqa, are already under EU restrictive measures for repressing political opponents of the Syrian regime and torturing detainees, respectively. What is clear is that Russian initiatives to reshape the most important pillar of the Syrian state to meet Russia's own long-term objectives may be well underway.
Whole of Syria Review
1. Russia-Israel-Syria Border Meeting
Quneitra Governorate, Syria: On June 30, local rumors and media sources indicated that Russia had facilitated a meeting between Israeli intelligence officers, Government of Syria Air Force Intelligence, and commanders of the 5th Corps. The meeting was reportedly convened at a Russian observation point along the border of the Golan Heights. Israeli officers reportedly presented Syrian Air Force Intelligence with an offer for unprecedented military and security cooperation in southern Syria. The offer reportedly stipulated: the withdrawal of Iranian militias from areas within 55 km of the Israeli-controlled Golan Heights; the formal incorporation of the 5th Corps within Government of Syria forces; and Israeli funding for a Russia-supported operation to drive out Iran-backed militias unwilling to withdraw from the area voluntarily. Relatedly, rumors and media sources have indicated that Hezbollah forces have withdrawn from the vicinity of Damascus city to Qalamoun and Az-Zabadani. Reportedly, the repositioning comes as a part of a broader plan on the part of Hezbollah to reduce its presence inside Syria.
Analysis: The proposal of direct coordination between the governments of Russia, Israel, and Syria to counter Iranian influence in Syria is significant and unprecedented. More importantly, however, an agreement to drive Iran-backed groups from southern Syria will almost certainly be impossible to implement. Notably, Russian coordination with Israel vis-a-vis Iran's military influence in Syria is not new. Indeed, in its substance, the tripartite meeting merely reprises the guarantees to limit Iran's military reach in southern Syria that Russia made during the southern offensive in June 2018. Despite strong Russian antipathy toward Iran's presence inside Syria, however, those guarantees have been impossible to enforce. In reality, it is not clear that the Government of Russia has the capacity to drive Iran-backed forces from southern Syria. For its part, the Government of Syria has little incentive to alienate, let alone expel, the Iran-backed forces whose military support has enabled it to weather the conflict. Finally, any line defining the areas where Iran-backed armed groups can and cannot operate inside Syria is inherently arbitrary and subject to challenge. To proscribe Iran-backed armed groups from an area stretching 55 km from the border at the Golan Heights will only legitimize their presence immediately beyond that line.
2. Foah and Kefraya IDPs Resettled in Aleppo
Aleppo city, Aleppo Governorate, Syria: On July 7, media sources reported that Iran-affiliated militias Liwa Al-Baqir and Faylaq Al-Mudaf'in 'An Halab had resettled 50 IDP families from Foua and Kefraya in the Al-Marjeh neighborhood in eastern Aleppo city. The families were reportedly resettled in houses rehabilitated by private Iranian charitable organizations that have been engaged in a campaign to rehabilitate homes damaged by the Government of Syria's 2016 aerial bombardment. According to one source, Liwaa Al-Baqir and the Faylaq Al-Mudaf'in 'An Halab maintain firm control over services and housing in parts of eastern Aleppo, and they have been settling Foua and Kefraya IDPs in eastern neighborhoods of Aleppo city since July 2018.
Analysis: Iran-supported militias exercise strong influence in Aleppo city despite efforts by the governments of Syria and Russia to bring these groups under greater Syrian state control and to lessen their independent influence. The resettlement of IDPs by externally supported armed groups overtly challenges Government of Syria administrative bodies. Indeed, the resettlement reportedly circumvented the wishes of the governor of Aleppo and is likely to exacerbate the significant hurdles to the city's rehabilitation. Of greatest concern is the effect on housing, land, and property issues and the possibility that the former residents of these areas (as well as the IDPs from Foah and Kefraya) will find return to their homes impossible. Additionally, the settlement of IDPs from the predominantly Shia communities of Foua and Kefraya is expected to fuel the increasing sectarian tensions in Aleppo. Above all, the resettlements highlight the Government of Syria's limited capacity to control the activities of partially independent militias, and they demonstrate the practical limitations of Russian initiatives to curb the influence of pro-government armed groups and initiatives backed by Iran.
3. Northwest Syria Stalemate
Idleb and Hama governorates: On July 8, heavy clashes were reported on the frontlines of Tal Meleh and Jebin, in northwestern rural Hama Governorate, as Government of Syria forces launched a new offensive to establish control over Tal-Meleh and Al-Jabin and break the three-week impasse in northwestern Syria. However, as of July 10, frontlines in northwestern Syria remain unchanged. Government of Syria forces also clashed with armed opposition elements in Qaasabiyeh, in southern rural Idleb Governorate. Meanwhile, throughout the reporting period, the Government of Syria launched intense airstrikes and continued its aerial bombardment of numerous communities throughout northern Hama Governorate and southern rural Idleb Governorate.
Analysis: Despite the intense airstrike campaign, the Government of Syria's offensive in the northwest has ground to a halt over the past three weeks, and it has yet to yield any significant changes in zones of control during that period. The reasons for this impasse are manifold. In part, the inability of Government of Syria forces to make substantive advances in northwestern Syria reflects a lack of sufficient manpower and poor command and control between different Syrian government military units. However, more importantly, the frozen frontlines reflect the breakdown in Russian-Turkish negotiations on northwest Syria. Since the offensive began, Turkey has regularly stated its opposition to the campaign and has demanded a return to pre-offensive front lines; Turkey has allowed National Army groups to deploy into northwestern Syria and has increased its support for armed opposition groups there, and Turkish military forces have directly shelled Government of Syria military positions. Indeed, direct military confrontation between the governments of Syria and Turkey led to the death of a Turkish soldier, on June 27; this incident in particular seems to have instigated a new round of negotiations. To that end, the ultimate trajectory of northwestern Syria is now closely linked to the outcome of the upcoming trilateral summit between Russian, Turkey, and Iran, reportedly to be held in Istanbul in August.
4. Returns to Al-Qusayr
Al-Qusayr, western Homs Governorate, Syria: On July 8, media sources reported that 1,000 IDPs had returned to Al-Qusayr city after receiving official return approvals from the Government of Syria's Military Security Branch. The returnees are reported to be public sector employees and their families, and none have had previous connections to opposition groups. The returnees reportedly fled to nearby communities in rural Homs Governorate—primarily Hasyaa, Shenshar, and Jandar—as well as to Homs city when Hezbollah took control of Al-Qusayr, in 2013.
Analysis: This approval by the Government of Syria and Hezbollah for the return of 1,000 IDPs to Al-Qusayr is unlikely to mark the start of a broader wave of returns to the area. Despite reports that Hezbollah is reducing its military role in the conflict, a reduction in forces does not signal the group's disengagement from Syria altogether. As such, Hezbollah's continuing presence can be expected in areas that it has prioritized, including western Qalamoun, the Syrian-Lebanese border, and Al-Qusayr. Indeed, on July 8 Hezbollah reportedly deployed reinforcements to several new locations in the western Qalamoun and along the Syrian-Lebanese border. Given Hezbollah's strategic interest in maintaining control over these areas, the return of the majority of Al-Qusayr's displaced residents remains unlikely in the near term. Thus far, only a small number of residents, primarily IDPs, have been allowed to return to Al-Qusayr. For the large numbers of Al-Qusayr residents who sought refuge in Lebanon's Wadi Khaled and Akkar, securing approvals for return remains effectively impossible.
5. Iran-Iraq-Syria Railroad
Tehran, Iran: On July 7, the head of the Syrian Directorate of Railroads met his Iraqi and Iranian counterparts in Tehran. They reportedly discussed tripartite cooperation on the construction of a railroad network running from Shalamcheh, Iran, through Iraq to the port of Lattakia. Iranian Director of Railroads Said Rasouli reportedly stated that the first stage of the project, linking Shalamcheh, in western Iran, to Basra, would begin within three months, with a second stage, linking Basra to the Lattakia port, to follow at an undisclosed time. Also on July 7, Kiwan Kashfi, a member of the Iranian Chamber of Commerce, stated that Iran would deploy an economic team to study Syria's infrastructural needs to facilitate Iranian reconstruction efforts. Notably, Kashfi stated that land routes would be vital for the movement of building material needed for the rehabilitation of Syria's infrastructure.
Analysis: Major railways and roads have been a key target of Government of Syria military campaigns throughout the Syria conflict. As the conflict winds down, the wholesale destruction of much of Syria's vital infrastructure, major industrial hubs, and transportation networks is now a major factor in its continuing economic devastation. Iranian efforts to build a rail network stretching across Iraq to the Syrian coast can be expected to reduce Syria's economic isolation in the long term—potentially at lower cost and with fewer risks than maritime transit. However, Iran has other reasons to support transportation routes to Lattakia: the Lattakia port is a potentially important location for the export of Iranian oil, and Iranian companies have already claimed a controlling stake in the Lattakia port administration. To that end, the Iranian government is expected to continue to play a vital role in Syria's post-conflict economy and transportation networks.
6. UK Seizes Iranian Oil Tanker
Gibraltar: On July 4, media sources reported that British Royal Marines stationed in Gibraltar had stopped and impounded the Panama-flagged oil tanker Grace 1, which was en route to Syria's Banyas port. Shipping data reportedly indicated that the oil carried by Grace 1 was sourced from Iran, although the ship's documentation registered the oil as Iraqi. In response, Iranian Defense Minister Amir Hatami declared the seizure of the tanker an act of "piracy" that the Government of Iran would not tolerate. In turn, Secretary of the Iranian Expediency Discernment Council (an administrative council appointed by the supreme leader) Mohsen Rezaee threatened to "reciprocate and seize a British oil tanker."
Analysis: The oil tanker's seizure will naturally contribute to Syria's nationwide fuel shortages, which will continue to have a massive impact across all sectors of the Syrian economy. Iran remains one of the two primary suppliers of fuel to Syria (the other being Russia), and the tanker seizure highlights that Syria's ability to withstand the fuel crisis is intertwined with broader geopolitical dynamics; these include the latest U.S. sanctions on Iran and heightened regional tensions over the Iran nuclear deal. Notably, the seizure of an oil tanker marks an unprecedented escalation in the U.K.'s enforcement of U.S. sanctions and EU restrictive measures, and it increases the likelihood of a commensurate Iranian response to heightened international pressures.
7. Denied Returns in Taldu (Houla)
Taldu, northern rural Homs: On July 5, several media outlets leaked a letter from Hussein Makhlouf, the Syrian minister of local administration and environment, addressed to Governor of Homs Talal Al-Barazi. The leaked letter was a response from Makhouf to an official request made by Al-Barazi regarding the return of IDPs to Taldu (Houla), in reconciled northern Homs. According to the reports, Makhlouf granted 193 IDPs permission to return, while a further 119 named individuals were denied return permissions, without a stated cause.
Analysis: Various initiatives to facilitate the return of IDPs to northern rural Homs since their evacuation to northern Aleppo in May 2018 have failed. In general, a critical factor enabling such returns is the role played by key intermediaries who are negotiating returns policies in their areas of influence. In the case of Taldu, this is clearly visible in the role played by the Homs governor, who had requested returns permissions on behalf of the Taldu IDPs. Nonetheless, the Government of Syria's approvals process demonstrates its continued willingness to apply selective returns policies and opaque vetting practices when facilitating local returns. An important factor in northern rural Homs is the tension between Russian Military Police and reconciled former fighters on the one hand, and the Government of Syria's forces and its affiliated militias on the other. Competition between these two blocs has reportedly prevented a broader agreement on the return of IDPs to northern rural Homs.
8. Anti-Syrian Refugee Measures in Turkey
Esenyurt and Kilis, Turkey: On July 3, the Turkish Ministry of Interior ordered that all signage for retail shops should be printed in Turkish, with Arabic script permitted only in small typeface beneath the Turkish lettering. The implementation of the policy began in Kilis and is expected to spread across the entire country within six months. Meanwhile, on July 6 media reports indicated that Turkish police conducted a campaign against undocumented foreigners in Esenyurt, in Istanbul Province. The police reportedly detained at least 93 individuals, including an indeterminate number of Syrians who lacked legal status in the country. As part of this campaign, several shops owned by Syrians were forcibly closed. Turkish authorities will reportedly investigate individual cases of those targeted by the campaign and will decide whether to forcibly return refugees to Syria.
Analysis: The recent politicization of the Syrian refugee file in Turkey suggests that policies targeting Syrian refugees are likely to be become increasingly systematized and pervasive. Some Turkish political parties have recently heightened their rhetoric against Syrian refugees and accused President Erdogan's AKP of leniency toward Syrians in Turkey. However, the implementation of measures targeting refugees is likely to transcend inter-party dynamics and find expression in government policy and the practices of state institutions. The growing tensions between Turkish citizens and Syrian refugees are thus expected to escalate as Turkey's Syrian refugee policy is further politicized.
The Wartime and Post-Conflict Syria project (WPCS) is funded by the European Union and implemented through a partnership between the European University Institute (Middle East Directions Programme) and the Center for Operational Analysis and Research (COAR). WPCS will provide operational and strategic analysis to policymakers and programmers concerning prospects, challenges, trends, and policy options with respect to a conflict and post-conflict Syria. WPCS also aims to stimulate new approaches and policy responses to the Syrian conflict through a regular dialogue between researchers, policymakers and donors, and implementers, as well as to build a new network of Syrian researchers that will contribute to research informing international policy and practice related to their country.
The content compiled and presented by COAR is by no means exhaustive and does not reflect COAR's formal position, political or otherwise, on the aforementioned topics. The information, assessments, and analysis provided by COAR are only to inform humanitarian and development programs and policy. While this publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union, its contents are the sole responsibility of COAR Global LTD, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union.


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GMC Is Electrifying Their Iconic Hummer SUV
GMC is electrifying their iconic Hummer SUV which will help it perform better than its predecessor. The 2024 GMC Hummer EV SUV is expected to outsell the pickup.
Written by Jane Lu
The design of the 2024 GMC Hummer EV SUV
What features are included with the Hummer EV?
How can the Hummer EV impact the car industry?
Hummer is one of the most iconic vehicles from the first decade of the 2000s. Its famously large size set it apart from other
and trucks on the market at the time, and it gained a major following. But, Hummers fell out of style and did not survive the decade.
Now, the Hummer name is being revived. According to
, the famous Hummer will return as an electric SUV. The 2024 GMC Hummer EV SUV is expected to be available in early 2023.
The original Hummer caught the attention of consumers simply for being the size that it was, and the new Hummer EV SUV carries on that tradition.
On the surface, the new Hummer looks a lot like the old one, as both are inspired by the military Humvee. The new design is more rounded than the classic Hummer, though, giving the Hummer EV a more futuristic feel.
Those who want to be early adopters for the Hummer EV can purchase an Edition 1. This features a Moonshot Green Matte design that looks even more futuristic.
Bird Collaborates With Scootaround to Test Accessible EVs
The GMC Hummer EV SUV is engineered to showcase the power that an electric vehicle can have. In terms of horsepower, the Hummer EV ranges from 625 to 830. Using a unique launch system, it can go from 0-60 mph in 3.5 seconds.
The Hummer EV SUV is powered by the GM Ultium
, and it will have a range of 250 to 300 miles. This is a technologically impressive range for an electric vehicle as large as the Hummer.
Innovative driving mechanics are at the heart of the Hummer EV. An example of this is the "Crab Walk" mode which allows the Hummer to move all four wheels to drive diagonally. This can help the vehicle make difficult turns and maneuvers.
The new Hummer EV addresses the flaws of its predecessor, and returns as a more viable vehicle. For the automotive industry, the Hummer EV also represents an important moment in technology.
The original Hummer was a gas guzzler, and the new electric model will help solve this problem. Many predict that
electric vehicles will take over
the industry. Having an infamously inefficient SUV transition to electric could be a sign of similar changes in the future of cars.
More industry leaders are developing electric vehicles to bring to the market. If the Hummer EV SUV is successful, it could inspire others manufacturers to focus on electric vehicles.
Motor Trend estimates that the Edition 1 of the Hummer EV SUV will start at $105,595. The rest of the lineup will be launched by spring 2024 and range from $79,995 to $99,995.
The Hummer pickup truck is also being electrified. The SUV is expected to outsell the 2022 GMC Hummer EV pickup.
Just as the GMC Hummer has evolved for the modern world, car insurance is also evolving.
offers a new, innovative way to shop for car insurance. You can sign up in 45 seconds, and the free AI-powered app will compare rates to find you the best price for the coverage you need. Jerry takes the hassle out of finding insurance.
What Modifications on Police Cars Are Illegal for Civilian Use?
The Original 'Jake From State Farm' Guy Wasn't an Actor
Subaru Has Been Tight Lipped With Details About Its New Electric SUV
Electric VehiclesGMC
Jane Lu is excited about writing and digital media. She has published blog posts for SAP's Digitalist Magazine with a focus on emerging technology and trends. When she's not writing about car insurance or upcoming vehicles, you can find her drawing on a graphics tablet or trying to find new places with good french fries.
Infiniti M37 Insurance Cost
Lincoln Town Car Executive Insurance Cost
Chrysler Sebring Insurance Cost
Saab 9-7X 5.3I Insurance Cost
Oldsmobile 88 Base Insurance Cost
Youngstown Car Insurance
Saint Paul Car Insurance
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Fruithurst Car Insurance
Freeport Car Insurance

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


After one year of very intensive work, including international meetings, networking events and working papers, City Space Architecture is proud to announce a brand new journal, The Journal of Public Space, in collaboration with QUT – Queensland University of Technology, based in Australia, and in partnership with UN Habitat, the United Nations programme for human settlements, based in Kenya.
CSA President Luisa Bravo and Mirko Guaralda from QUT, the founding editors of the journal, are working with distinguished scholars all over the world to contribute to the discussion and expand current scholarship on public space.
The Journal of Public Space is the first, international, interdisciplinary, academic, open access journal entirely dedicated to public space. It is available in different languages and is open to embrace diversity, inconvenient dialogues and untold stories, from multidisciplinary fields and all countries, especially from those that usually do not have voice, overcoming the Western-oriented approach that is leading the current discourse.
As a proper public space, The Journal of Public Space is free, accessible and inclusive, providing a platform for emerging and consolidated researchers; it is intended to foster research, showcase best practices and inform discussion about the more and more important issues related to public spaces in our changing and evolving societies.
The first issue of the journal will be published in September and will include several full papers from our successful "Past Present and Future of Public Space" International Conference on Art, Architecture and Urban Design that took place in Bologna, on June 25-27, 2014.
CSA is launching The Journal of Public Space during a special event at the Venice Architecture Biennale, on September 23 (Friday) in the afternoon. The registration to attend the international symposium "Past Present and Future of #PublicSpace" in #Venice is open! It will take place on September 23, 2.30pm, at La Biennale di Venezia. Please register filling the following form: http://goo.gl/forms/JJSJtkMDjFBc0KCq2 and then buy your ticket on Eventbrite.
Learn more about City Space Architecture and follow their Facebook page for updates.


text:
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    <title>Dnote browser extension</title>
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    <link href="styles/popup.css" rel="stylesheet" />
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Q: How send string from Netty server to socket client I have a simple netty socket server and simple client with standart socket implementation(no netty). from client to server I can send string via PrintWriter toServer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
and in client I have BufferedReader fromServer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));. in Server side I have this code
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String message) throws Exception {
  String msg = message;
  String response = "Response from server";
  try {
   System.out.println(msg);
   System.out.flush();
   ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
  } finally {
      ReferenceCountUtil.retain(msg);
  }
}

But I can't read any string in client side from server. How I can send string from netty to client in right way?
client side:
toServer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
fromServer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));

for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    toServer.println("simple string: " + i);
    if ((line = fromServer.readLine()) != null) {
        System.out.println("Responce from server: " + line);
    }
}

A: Try this:
ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(response.getBytes()));

Letme know if works.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Shortly after you obtain your "gold watch," you may start looking at your living arrangements from an entirely different perspective. You may no longer need or wish to live in close proximity to your former employer. Many consider upsizing or downsizing homes for a variety of reasons. Determining where you want to live for the foreseeable future can be very challenging. Retirement communities abound, and choices are almost endless. Your F&M Trust relationship manager is familiar with planned retirement communities in the region and may be able to share insight learned from other customers.
How Will I Maintain My Independence and Social Network?
One of the most difficult adjustments for retirees is often that of maintaining their social network or developing a new network of friends. Loneliness is a common challenge for us as we age and have less mobility or fewer transportation options. As you approach retirement, consider developing a plan for maintaining access to things and people you enjoy. Is public transportation available? Can I and should I use a ride sharing service, such as Lyft, Uber or Sidecar?
Develop a plan and a list of resources for items such as grocery delivery, transportation to medical appointments and reliable home maintenance and yard care contractors. Proactively seek information on what is available in your community to support retirees and allow them to remain in their own homes as they age. Knowledge is power. Your local senior center and office of aging may have information available to empower your decision making and maximize your independence.


The Eucalyptus and Lavender Companion Set includes our moisturizing Botanical Body Wash with our ever-popular Steam Shower Spray. We added a top note of lavender for a wonderfully calm and relaxing accompaniment to your shower experience. Lather up and enjoy the inhalation benefits of lavender and 100% pure eucalyptus oil. Spray downwards into a warm steaming shower and enjoy the inhalation benefits as the fragrance turns your shower into an aromatherapy spa experience.


Today, the Sentencing Council has announced a consultation on its proposals for how offenders convicted of manslaughter should be sentenced in England and Wales.
Unlawful Act manslaughter – this is the most commonly prosecuted form of manslaughter and includes deaths that result from assaults where there was no intention to kill or cause very serious harm. It can also include unintended deaths that result from other crimes, such as arson or robbery.
Gross negligence manslaughter – this occurs when the offender is in breach of a duty of care towards the victim which causes the death of the victim and amounts to a criminal act or omission. The circumstances vary greatly. In a domestic setting it could include parents or carers who fail to protect the victim from an obvious danger. In a work setting, it could cover employers who completely disregard the safety of employees. It could also arise in a medical setting when a practitioner falls far below the required standard in the treatment of a patient.
Manslaughter by reason of loss of control – This arises if the actions of an offender, who would otherwise be guilty of murder, resulted from a loss of self control, for example arising from a fear of serious violence.
Manslaughter by reason of diminished responsibility – Someone guilty of this offence would have been suffering from a recognised mental condition which affected their responsibility at the time of the offence, without which they would have been convicted of murder.
The consultation is seeking views on various areas of the draft guideline, including culpability and harm factors and the proposed sentence levels. It runs until 10 October 2017 and can be accessed on the Council's website.


text:
March 29th, 2009 / 8:56 am Matt Cozart —
That's a Barthelme reference? I think the phrase "knock your socks off" goes back to the 19th century. The reason I think this is because I just read it on a site that I found by googling just now.
http://www.word-detective.com/021804.html
(Down near the end of the page.)
March 29th, 2009 / 1:29 pm Justin Taylor —
>>At the risk of making some enemies and blacklisting myself, I've decided I'll try to type honestly my reactions to reading new online literary journals that I've not before seen.<<
Anyone who would make you pay such a price for an honest reaction doesn't deserve to be regarded as a potential venue for your work. Indeed, they need not even be regarded as a journal. It's like when the ugly, smelly kid in the class who nobody likes suddenly comes up to you in the hall and shouts "you're not coming to my birthday party!" The answer is always, "and?"
March 29th, 2009 / 9:29 am Justin Taylor —
March 29th, 2009 / 1:43 pm jereme —
rock your socks off is a tenacious d reference.
[Dave Grohl (spoken):] 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-6-6!
[sung]
It doesn't matter if it is good,
It only matters if it rocks.
The main thing that we do is to rock your socks off.
There's no such thing as a rock prodigy,
'Cause rock 'n roll is bogus, right KG? (right!)
Only thing that really matters is a classical sauce.
And that's why me and KG are classically trained
To rock your fuckin' socks off!
Give 'em a taste KG.
[KG (spoken):] Okay.
That is Bach and it rocks
It's a rock block of Bach
That he learned in the school
Called the school of hard knocks!
Give it up for KG, give it up for me,
Give it up for rock,
Give it up for blues,
Give it up for everything that is not to lose.
Now rock your socks off woman,
We'll rock your shit up y'all.
Give it up children now to freak your shit out!
[spoken]
Now I know what a lot of you are sayin':
"I just figured out what I'm 'onna do with the rest of my days.
I'm 'onna get me an oversized guitar, gain forty pounds and be the next D.
" Well I got sour news for you, jack. It ain't that easy.
For instance, are you willing to make the commitment to wakin' up
at the crack a' noon, for deep-knee rock squats!?
Seven or eight at a time!? In a row?
How 'bout are you willing to make the commitment
to rock-hard tasty abs washer-board style?
Glistening in the sun. How 'bout are you willin' to make the commitment,
wakin' up, goin' okay, it's gig time, what t-shirt am I gonna wear?
Can't decide: Can't decide: Brain aneurysm!
We've been through so much bullshit just to be here tonight
to rock your fuckin' socks off. And all we ask in return is so precious little.
All we're askin' you to do is drop trou and squeeze out
a Cleveland Steamer on my chest.
2-3-4,
Give it up for rock, give it up for blues,
Give it up children won't you freak your shit out!
[ad-lib hollers & screams]
March 29th, 2009 / 9:43 am jereme —
March 29th, 2009 / 4:43 pm Ryan Call —
ive tried to respond to these comments like four times and im doing somethign wrong
ive been trying to say that i had never ehard that phrase knock your socks off before utnil four years ago when i went through a huge barthelme phase. i think i read it in 'not knowing' though i could be wrong. i might have read it in another essay though. so i always associate the phrase with him.
anyhow, thanks for showing me this, matt and jereme. it has rebooted my mind a littl
March 29th, 2009 / 12:43 pm Ryan Call —
March 29th, 2009 / 6:09 pm Katie Moore —
Thank you for taking the time to give The Legendary such an entertaining review. We aren't the kind of editors who blacklist, and we surely don't seek to make enemies with such thoughtful critics.
I now realize that the heading on the Submissions page is wildly unclear and some refining of the guidelines is in order.
If you feel like poking around further in this issue, may I suggest the stellar poem "Cutter," by Rusty Barnes, and "Blues for Mizmoon," by our own Jim Parks. I do hope you'll visit our April 9th Issue and find it much improved.
Oh, as for 'rock your socks off,' that's just…what I say. But am I familiar with Barthelme? Sheesh. Any gal passionate about flash fiction should be flogged if she is not. I'll even volunteer to do the flogging, unless you want to share the pleasure?
Katie Moore
The Legendary Chick
i was mostly teasing you guys about the heading on the subs page and rock socks off. good luck with the journal.
March 29th, 2009 / 8:40 pm Brad Green —
Read the Matt S. Debenedictis piece "Sleight of Hand" for a killer last line.
March 29th, 2009 / 10:19 pm Nathan (Nate) Tyree —
Hey katie.
March 29th, 2009 / 6:19 pm Nathan (Nate) Tyree —
March 30th, 2009 / 1:29 am Jim Parks —
Thanks for the review. It's a very good development for us.
March 29th, 2009 / 9:29 pm Jim Parks —
March 30th, 2009 / 10:49 am David Erlewine —
Am I the only one who has figured out that Duotrope doesn't fact check?
March 30th, 2009 / 6:49 am David Erlewine —
Fact check what?
March 30th, 2009 / 9:12 am Brad Green —
March 30th, 2009 / 2:53 pm PHM —
Nobody mentioned that a) the art is cool but b) they need to build a website…
March 30th, 2009 / 10:53 am PHM —
matt is the whore's moan.
i have much love for him.
March 30th, 2009 / 11:02 am jereme —
who the fuck fact checks ?!?
i mean in general.
you mean to say you just make up acceptances?
i think that would be really funny,a ctually.
March 30th, 2009 / 4:10 pm Clapper —
Am I the only one bugged by the fact that both editors have pieces published in both their first two issues?
March 30th, 2009 / 12:10 pm Clapper —
Oh, does that bother you? It was intended as an offering to our readers, writers, and most especially people interested in understanding what we're all about.
I am always personally delighted when editors include their own work, as long as it doesn't overwhelm the rest of the content, which should, of course, be the focus of the publication.
I'm sure we will appear here and there, in some issues and not in others. It is not done in the spirit of vanity, but rather with the intention of allowing you (readers, writers, and critics) to know who we are and what we do. We seek an intimate experience with those who walk through our doors, welcome personal e-mails, and will never send a form reply to a submission.
We will never place our own work in an issue that would be better rounded out with the inclusion of another piece. Our publishing schedule of 26 issues a year ensures that once your work is accepted with us, we will include it in an issue that is crafted to flow together and run the gamut of emotion. Sometimes it is better to include my own work, modestly, than to publish a piece in the wrong issue and throw off the vibe…
But it's good to know it bugs you. I'll be mulling it over…I'd rather that we appear to be anything other than a vanity project.
i dont think im bugged really. if the peices and so on are building towards something, some spirit, maybe, that the eds want to show to the world, then its resaosnable to me, i think, especially for a newer journal to try to do that.
i dunno?
March 30th, 2009 / 5:38 pm dave erlewine —
re fact checking, you got it, ryan. i'm going to claim zyzzyva and send the duotrope operators a note i'm in dc.
you should just
really just claim acceptances to like 2,000 journals today
what happens then?
March 30th, 2009 / 2:01 pm Nathan Tyree —
I agree here. It doesn't bother me at al.
that would be hillarious
Yeah, I dunno. Maybe the lines are blurring so much between bloggy-type lit mags and more traditional lit mags where this is becoming totally kosher. And I should have delved deeper–I didn't realize your publication schedule was every two weeks. Dayum. That's a lot, and more power to ya.
I wonder, in light of your comments about flow/communications/etc. if it might actually make sense to present it in a more bloggy manner, allowing for comments, etc. Seems like it'd be a good fit for that intimate experience… (I still remember, for example, one of the more interesting parts of NFG being its message boards).
Regardless, it's a cool start. I wish you all the best with it.
Thanks for your well wishing!
We did begin as a blog, but for various reasons abandoned the format. We have an entire coffee ringed napkin full of functionality to add to the site, including the ability to leave comments. We also plan to have a chat night each issue, inviting authors and readers to come together for some virtual face time.
We plan a lot.
actually they won't let you report an unreasonable number of acceptances without rejections if i remember right i don't know what i was doing i think i was only listing the places that i was accepted to there
Very cool. Would be especially cool to figure out a way to tap that chat into web cams/mics. That solves the problem of readings for international pubs.
March 30th, 2009 / 7:27 pm How I Write « Nathan Tyree's Weblog —
[…] The Legendary, a zine I like (and that had the good taste to publish me a while back) has been reviewed at HTML Giant: right fucking here. […]
April 10th, 2009 / 1:48 am thom young —
I got a story there issue 3, I've never read the Paris Review or want to.
April 9th, 2009 / 9:48 pm thom young —


Beckington – Somerset. St George's Parish Church.
Mounting to wall: Fixed to wall by wires from nails in the wall to eyes in the back of the cross.
Detailing: Simple wooden cross with rounding at the corners of the cross piece.
Evidence of use in field (earth marking, cracking, staining, shrinkage): Clear evidence of previous insertion in the earth on the shaft.
Condition (cracked, paint peeling, woodwork, damage etc): Very good.
It looked like earth still attached to the cross – but no clue whether this was from the battlefield or from an earlier insertion in Somerset. Very poignant if the original soil.
From the CWGC: Oliver James VINER was 37 when he was killed on the Somme in 1916. He was serving in C Coy. 20th Batallion of the King's Royal Rifle Corps and is buried in Flatiron Copse Cemetery, Mametz. Son of James and Emma Viner; husband of Emma 0. Viner, of 74, Addiscombe Court Rd., East Croydon, Surrey. Born at Beckington, Somerset.
From www.longlongtrail.co.uk: 20th (Service) Batallion (British Empire League Pioneers)…. 19 May 1916: came under orders of 3rd Division as Pioneer Battalion.
From 1911 census: Oliver was living at 36 Bramley Hill, South Croydon with his wife Emma and daughter Elaine. He was a gardener (domestic), and the census shows him having been born in Wetbury in Wiltshire (rather than Beckington as in the CWGC). His wife Emma was born in Beckington, however.
Mounting to wall: Cross-piece supported directly by nails inserted in the wall.
Detailing: The shaft and cross-piece are slightly tapered – thinning to a narrower point where the two pieces meet.
Evidence of use in field (earth marking, cracking, staining, shrinkage): Paint is slightly more worn at the base of the main shaft suggesting some use in field.
Finish (varnish, paint, oiled, unfinished etc): White paint with black painted text.
Condition (cracked, paint peeling, woodwork, damage etc): Serious damage (piece of wood missing) to main shaft just below where the cross-piece joins it.
Initially I thought the name on the cross was CEE – but research on the CWGC site shows it's a GEE.
From the CWGC: Joseph Howard Gee was in the 86th Field Coy. Of the Royal Engineers when he was killed on 7/8/17 aged 23. He was the son of Joseph George and Sarah Annie Gee of Beckington, Bath. He is buried in Bard Cottage Cemetery, West-Vlaanderen, Belgium.
From the 1911 Census: Joseph was living at home in Beckington with his parents (Joseph and Sarah) and his brothers and sisters. He was a saddler, following his older brother George. George fought but survived the war, and their younger brother, Reginald, was too young to fight.
Hi, thanks for pointing this out, we've corrected it. With thousands of records collected by hundreds of different volunteers I'm afraid it's sadly inevitable the odd transcription error slips through. Apologies.


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text:
Valkyrae teases another "crazy" project after Corpse Husband & MGK music video
Published: 20/Mar/2021 15:04
by Georgina Smith
Instagram: Valkyrae
Corpse Husband Valkyrae
After her appearance in the music video for Machine Gun Kelly and Corpse Husband's new song 'DAYWALKER!' streamer Valkyrae has revealed that she's already been offered another "crazy" project.
On March 11, Machine Gun Kelly and internet star Corpse Husband released their song 'DAYWALKER!' which proved to be an enormous hit among fans. However, due to the fact that Corpse chooses to keep his appearance under wraps, they needed someone to play his part in the video.
That's where Rachel 'Valkyrae' Hofstetter came in, stepping up to play the part of her streamer friend. She was actually requested specifically by MGK, making the opportunity all the more exciting.
The video was finally released on March 18, and it's safe to say that fans absolutely loved the streamer's performance, along with others in the streaming community who sent countless messages of support and praise to all of the artists involved.
Valkyrae's huge role in this video has got fans wondering what other opportunities could be lined up for the streamer next. It appears that great new things are already in store.
In a post on her second Twitter account on March 19, Rae wrote, "There's no way I just got asked to do another crazy thing… literally in 5 days…"
Read More: Ranboo's alt Twitch account blows up instantly
And it looks as though she has every intention of taking the opportunity. "I can't say no," she added. I gotta do it. I'm gonna throw up lol, what is happening… I'm tired but here we go again."
There's no way I just got asked to do another crazy thing… literally in 5 days… I can't say no.. I gotta do it, im gunna throw up lol what is happening why me why what why exciting but why but I'm tired but here we go again
— rae☀ (@itsraechill) March 19, 2021
Friends and fans sent their congratulations Valkyrae's way, but so far she's not given any clues away as to what it could be.
Whether it's another acting appearance in a music video, or something else entirely is currently unclear. But with the success of DAYWALKER! viewers just know that the streamer will do a fantastic job.
The music video has gained 4.7 million views within just a few days of being posted, and attracted the focus of the entire streaming community on the day of its release.


Hiking, cycling, paddleboarding, relaxing spas make for a delightful Lake Placid family vacation this summer. Really, as one tourist told us, it's a rather jolly place to visit.
New York food that is native to upstate New York is often disputed because everyone wants to stake claim to the dishes.
Kids who happen to be in the New York State ski areas, they are in for a treat of free skiing, with the ISKINY Free For Kids Passport Program 2017-18 Season.


text:
DrupalCon Developer Retrospective
Last month was an interesting one for the Ashday office, when for one week we packed up our computers and made the journey to New Orleans for DrupalCon 2016.
This was only my second DrupalCon - having also gone to Los Angeles in 2015 - and it far exceeded my already-high expectations set by last year's. I spent most of my time at the convention center going to sessions on more technical aspects of Drupal and, especially, its newest version. Last year, Drupal 8 was still months away from release, so sessions were split between Drupal 7 and talking about the still-in-beta Drupal 8. With the new version fully released, it was nice to focus on it and what it allows us, as a developer team, to do which may have been difficult or almost impossible before. I'd like to share a few of my favorite sessions, which will be particularly interesting to Drupal developers of any experience.
DrupalCon Highlights
At the session on Typed Drupal, I got an overview of one of Drupal 8's less-obvious benefits: That it can take advantage of the new PHP 7 language. In addition to getting a great speed-boost by using the newest PHP version, we'll be able to make the system report potential errors faster. Rather than needing to delve into the code to find that it thinks a bit of text is actually a number, the site can be coded to automatically notice the problem and let us know.
At Drupal 8, where did the code go?, I got to see how some of Drupal's fundamental code structure has changed since Drupal 7, and how to update existing code to use it. This session focused on blocks - bits of content which can appear on one or many pages, such as a menu of links or a login form - and how they now use the plugin system which is brand-new to Drupal 8. I found this session quite a bit more interesting than I'd expected. I was familiar with both Drupal 7's method of creating blocks and Drupal 8's, but I've never had to convert from one to the other. What I found most surprising was that, despite parts of the code looking rather different, the actual conversion isn't as difficult or extensive as it initially would appear - which is definitely good to know, since eventually any sites on Drupal 7 will need to be updated.
Every six months, Drupal 8 is getting a significant update which can include new built-in features - a nice departure from Drupal 7, where major features only came in the form of separate modules. 8.1 included several such features, but BigPipe is probably the most significant for anyone already using Drupal 8. BigPipe is a tool used by many large websites such as Facebook to make their websites load fast. Drupal has always included ways to improve the performance of a website, but they weren't too robust until Drupal 8 and its advanced caching. The full benefit of Drupal 8's caching comes from BigPipe, which allows websites to load only the essential parts of a page initially, waiting to load peripheral elements (such as a login form off to the side of the main content) until the important parts are already shown. Although the overall page load time might not change, the important parts get shown as soon as possible.
I was very much looking forward to the final coding and development session of the conference, Demystifying AJAX Callback Commands in Drupal 8, and it did not disappoint. Ajax is a technology commonly used on websites to communicate between the server the the visitor's web browser. It's a technology we often use on our sites, but we had never investigated Drupal's built-in Ajax technologies, instead writing our own solutions. Although the idea of Ajax callback commands didn't change much between Drupal 7 and Drupal 8, I found it a fascinating topic nonetheless. Basically, Ajax normally just allows the server to give information to the visitor's browser. With Drupal's callback commands, the server can also give the browser instructions about what to do with that information or how to change the page.
Although these were just a few of the sessions I went to, they definitely left a good impression. I'm looking forward to even more Drupal 8 awesomeness at next year's DrupalCon Baltimore.


text:
Q: WordPress; Display different content template based on category I want to take the basic WordPress loop and in the place where it makes the call for the content template, I want to run an if else statement that pulls in a different template part based on the category. I know I can make a bunch of copies of archive.php, but why do that for each and every single category you want to use?
So I tried this code, but it just pulled in the archive template in each case:
while ( have_posts() ) :
            the_post();

        if ( is_category( 'my-category-slug' )) {
            get_template_part( 'template-parts/content', 'single' );
        } else {
            get_template_part( 'template-parts/content', 'archive' );
        }

endwhile;

So can I even run an if else statement like this within the loop?

A: Wordpress has a template hierarchy, you need to make sure that your code is in the right php file. Check up this link. In your case you need to modify category.php, you can use archive.php for this if you delete all category*.php files.


text:
School of English and Drama
School of English and Drama School home
Alumni and Fellows
Visualising Gender-Based Violence
Outreach Events for Year 10-13 Students and Teachers
PhD Profiles
Artist Research Fellowship Scheme
Teaching Associate and Teaching Fellow Profiles
Dr Michael McKinnie, BA Hons (Guelph), MA (York, Canada), PhD (Northwestern)
Reader in Theatre
Email: m.mckinnie@qmul.ac.uk
I studied in Canada and the United States, and moved to the UK after completing my PhD in the Interdisciplinary Program in Theatre and Drama at Northwestern University under the supervision of Prof. Tracy C. Davis. In between my MA and PhD, I trained as a dramaturg with Necessary Angel Theatre Company in Canada, and subsequently worked in new play development in professional theatres and universities in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. I joined Queen Mary's Drama Department in 2006, having previously worked at the University of Birmingham and Queen's University Belfast.
I have taught on:
DRA114: London/Culture/Performance
DRA312: Places of Performance
DRA343: Siting Performance
Postgraduate Teaching
I have also taught on:
DRA7006: Theatre and Performance Theory
DRA7100: Performance Research
Performance and space (including performance and the city and performance and urban development)
Performance and political economy (including performance and cultural industries)
Performance and public policy
Interdisciplinary and materialist performance research
Dramaturgy and new play development
Recent and On-Going Research:
My research investigates the relationship between performance, place and economics. As this suggests, my work is interdisciplinary and materialist, moving beyond theatre and performance studies to engage issues and ideas emerging from fields such as political economy, urban studies and cultural history.
My interest in the cultural economics of urban performance is reflected in my monograph, City Stages: Theatre and Urban Space in a Global City (University of Toronto Press), which was awarded the Ann Saddlemyer Award for Outstanding Book by the Canadian Association for Theatre Research. City Stages argues that, over the past four decades, theatre in Toronto has been increasingly implicated in the civic self-fashioning of the city and preoccupied with Toronto's changing urban political economy. It considers how theatre has been used to justify certain forms of urban development, how property markets have influenced the ways in which theatre companies acquire and use performance space and how the analysis of theatre as an urban phenomenon complicates dominant forms of Canadian theatre historiography. My edited collection, Space and the Geographies of Theatre (Playwrights Canada Press), brings together historical scholarship addressing the spatiality of English-language theatre in Canada.
More recently, I have considered what the places of performance might tell us not only about the spatiality of performance itself, but about broader issues of politics and economics (and theatre's complex relationship to them). I am currently working on a monograph about performance and the cultural politics of place for Cambridge University Press. This book explores concerns as diverse as performance districts and theatrical productivity in the United Kingdom, site-specific performances and citizenship in Ireland, and theatre and securitisation on the US-Canada border. Other work in progress includes articles about the cultural history of the modern theatre as an institution and the 2012 Olympics in London as political economic spectacle.
Monograph:
City Stages: Theatre and Urban Space in a Global City, Cultural Spaces series (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007) [Winner, Ann Saddlemyer Award for Outstanding Book, Canadian Association for Theatre Research]
Edited Collection:
Space and the Geographies of Theatre, Critical Perspectives on Canadian Theatre in English series (Toronto: Playwrights Canada Press, 2007)
Research Report:
with Louise Pearson, Visual Arts Organisations and Higher Education Collaboration: Developing Digital Priorities (London: London Centre for Arts and Cultural Exchanges, 2009) Commissioned by Arts Council England-London and LCACE. 55 pp.
Selected Articles and Chapters:
"Institutional Frameworks: Theatre, State, and Market in Modern Urban Performance," in A Cultural History of Theatre in The Modern Age, edited Kim Solga. Vol. 6 of A Cultural History of Theatre, edited by Tracy C. Davis and Christopher B. Balme. London: Bloomsbury (in press, 2017).
'Olympian Performance: The Cultural Economics of the Opening Ceremony of London 2012.' Public, 53: Mega-Event Cities (Spring 2016): 49-57.
'Performing Like a City: London's South Bank and the Cultural Politics of Urban Governance', in Performance and the Politics of Space: Theatre and Topology, ed. Erika Fischer-Lichte and Benjamin Wischutz (Abingdon: Routledge, 2013), pp. 66-80
'Rethinking Site-Specificity: Monopoly, Urban Space, and the Cultural Economics of Site-Specific Performance', in Performing Site-Specific Theatre, ed. Anna Birch and Joanne Tompkins (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012), pp. 21-36
'Capital: Theaterkultur und Stadtplanung am Beispiel von Londons South Bank', in Politik des Raumes: Theater und Topologie, ed. Erika Fischer-Lichte and Benjamin Wischutz, trans. Thomas Stachel (Munich: Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 2010), pp. 109-120
'Performing the Civic Transnational: Performance, Governance, and Citizenship in Contemporary London', in Performance and the City, ed. D. J. Hopkins et al. (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), pp. 110-127
'The State of the Nation', Canadian Theatre Review, 125 (2006), 5-8 [Thirtieth anniversary issue]
'Bees, Horseshoes and Puppets for the Elderly: The Local Initiatives Program and the Political Economy of Theatre in Canada', Contemporary Theatre Review, 15.4 (2005), 427-39 doi:10.1080/10486800500280446
'A Sympathy for Art: The Sentimental Economies of New Labour's Arts Policy', in Blairism and the War of Persuasion: Labour's Passive Revolution, ed. Richard Johnson and Deborah Lynn Steinberg (London: Laurence and Wishart, 2004), pp. 186-203
'The State of this Place: Convictions, the Courthouse, and the Political Geography of Performance in Belfast', in Modern Drama, 46.4 (2003), 580-97 [Special issue, Space and the Geographies of the Theatre]
'Canadian Theatre and Industrial Development', Canadian Theatre Review, 114 (2003), 16-20
'Legacies: Richard Rose's Vision for Tarragon Theatre', Canadian Theatre Review, 113 (2003), 29-33
'Liberal Shakespeares and Illiberal Critiques: Necessary Angel's King Lear', in Shakespeare in Canada: A World Elsewhere?, ed. Diana Brydon and Irena Makaryk (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002), pp. 212-230
'Urban National, Suburban Transnational: Civic Theatres and the Urban Development of Toronto's Downtowns', Theatre Journal, 53.2 (2001), 253-276 [Special issue, Theatre and the City]
'Space Administration: Rereading the Material History of Toronto's Theatre Passe Muraille', Essays on Canadian Writing, 68 (2000), 19-45 [Special issue, Canadian Materialist Criticism]
See also my Queen Mary Research Publications profile
I welcome enquiries from potential doctoral students interested in any of the areas of my research.
I have supervised a range of PhD projects, investigating topics such as performance and social housing, the labour politics of performance workshops, and the performativity of political economy.
I have recently supervised the following successful PhD projects:
Sarah Grochala, 'Seriousness, Structure and the Dramaturgy of Social Life' (2012)
Timothy Edkins, 'Feeling Productive' (2013)
Sophie Leighton-Kelly, 'The Barbican: Performance, the City and Transnationalism' (2014)
Elyssa Livergant, 'Workshop: The Dramaturgy of Theatrical Labour' (2014)
Charlotte Bell, 'On Site: Performance and the Urban Social Housing Estate in Contemporary Governance and the Cultural Economy' (2014) Valeria Graziano, 'Common Pleasures: The Politics of Collective Practice from Sociability to Militant Conviviality' (2014)
I am currently supervising:
Philip Watkinson, 'Making Space for Affect: Affective Materialism and Contemporary Performance'


text:
Historical Documentation for Jesus (Part 2)
By Kelly McDonald, Jr.
In the first part of this series (CLICK HERE to read part 1), we looked at the writings of Josephus and Tacitus, who both attested to the existence of Jesus and His followers. In this article, we will look at three other authors: Pliny the Younger, Suetonius, and Lucian. At the end of this article, we will summarize our findings from these ancient authors!
Pliny the Younger
The third ancient writer we will review is Pliny the Younger. He was a magistrate in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) during the reign of the Emperor Trajan, who ruled from 98-117 AD. He was a contemporary of Tacitus. In 110/111 AD, Pliny wrote a letter to Trajan asking him how he should handle accusations and trials against Christians. Letters 97-98 reveal this exchange.
"From Pliny the Younger to Trajan the Emperor: 'It is my invariable rule, Sir, to refer to you in all matters where I feel doubtful; for who is more capable of removing my scruples or informing my ignorance? Having never been present at any trials concerning those who profess Christianity I am unacquainted not only with the nature of their crimes, or the measure of their punishment, but how far it is proper to enter into an examination concerning them. Whether, therefore, any difference is usually made with respect to ages, or no distinction is to be observed between the young and adult; whether repentance entitles them to a pardon; or if a man has been once a Christian, it avails nothing to desist from his error; whether the very profession of Christianity, unattended with any criminal act, or only the crimes themselves inherent in the profession are punishable; on all these points I am in great doubt…"
"In the meanwhile, the method I have observed towards those who have been brought before me as Christians is this: I asked them whether they were Christians; if they admitted it, I repeated the question twice, and threatened them with punishment; if they persisted, I ordered them to be at once punished…There were others also brought before me possessed with the same infatuation, but, being Roman citizens, I directed them to be sent to Rome…"
"But this crime spreading (as is usually the case) while it was actually under prosecution, several instances of the same nature occurred. An anonymous information was laid before me containing a charge against several persons, who upon examination denied they were Christians, or had ever been so. They repeated after me an invocation to the gods, and offered religious rites with wine and incense before your statue (which for that purpose I had ordered to be brought, together with those of the gods), and even reviled [cursing] the name of Christ: whereas there is no forcing, it is said, those who are really Christians into any of these compliances: I thought it proper, therefore, to discharge them…"
"Some among those who were accused by a witness in person at first confessed themselves Christians, but immediately after denied it; the rest owned indeed that they had been of that number formerly, but had now (some above three, others more, and a few above twenty years ago) renounced that error. They all worshipped your statue and the images of the gods, uttering imprecations at the same time against the name of Christ…"
"They affirmed the whole of their guilt, or their error, was, that they met on a stated (fixed) day before it was light, and addressed a form of prayer to Christ, as to a divinity, binding themselves by a solemn oath, not for the purposes of any wicked design, but never to commit any fraud, theft, or adultery, never to falsify their word, nor deny a trust when they should be called upon to deliver it up; after which it was their custom to separate, and then reassemble, to eat in common a harmless meal. From this custom, however, they desisted after the publication of my edict, by which, according to your commands, I forbade the meeting of any assemblies. After receiving this account, I judged it so much the more necessary to endeavor to extort the real truth, by putting two female slaves to the torture, who were said to officiate in their religious rites; but all I could discover was evidence of an absurd and extravagant superstition…"
"I deemed it expedient, therefore, to adjourn all further proceedings, in other to consult you. For it appears to be a matter highly deserving your consideration, more especially as great numbers must be involved in the danger of these prosecutions, which have already extended, and are still likely to extend, to persons of all ranks and ages, and even of both sexes. In fact, this contagious superstition is not confined to the cities only, but has spread its infection among the neighbouring villages and country. Nevertheless, it still seems possible to restrain its progress. The temples, at least, which were once almost deserted, begin now to be frequented; and the sacred rites, after a long intermission, are again revived; while there is a general demand for the victims, which till lately found very few purchasers. From all this it is easy to conjecture what numbers might be reclaimed if a general pardon were granted to those who shall repent of their error…"
Trajan's reply to Pliny: "You have adopted the right course, my dearest Secundus, in investigating the charges against Christians who were brought before you. It is not possible to lay down any general rule for all such cases. Do not go out of your way to look for them. If indeed they should be brought before you, and the crime is proved, they must be punished; with the restriction, however, that where the party denies he is a Christian, and shall make it evident that he is not, but invoking our gods, let him (notwithstanding any former suspicion) be pardoned upon his repentance. Anonymous information ought not to be received in any sort of prosecution. It is introducing a dangerous precedent, and is quite foreign to the spirit of our age."
In the exchange, Trajan congratulates Pliny on his handling of the situation. He informed Pliny not to purposefully track down those who are Christians, but only prosecute those who were reported to belong to that group. Anonymous accusations were not allowed, but specific accusations were investigated. Those brought forth upon such charges were asked that they honor images of the emperor and the Roman gods or be punished.
What do we learn?
– We learn that Christians lived in early second century Asia Minor (about 110/111 AD).
– We learn that large numbers of people were influenced by Christianity in both city and country areas. Pliny said that the pagan Temples were nearly empty before the accusations started; after they were initiated the temples were visited again. This also testifies to the length of time that Christianity was in the area. It was not an overnight phenomenon.
– Accusations were made of people from all walks of society and of all ages. This also attests to Christianity's prevalence and appeal to all people.
– There was a difference between a real Christian, who refused to worship the image of the emperor and make sacrifices, and those who confessed the name of Jesus in public but denied Him in private.
– Christians met on a specific day every week; this would have been the Sabbath (Friday sunset to Saturday sunset). I have discussed this in other works (see Prevalence of the Sabbath in the Early Roman Empire, Appendix B, CLICK HERE to read this booklet).
– Christians directed prayers to Christ.
– They received the name Christian from this Christ.
– They met before sunrise (in context this was to avoid being captured or reported as a believer).
– They were committed to live morally upright: "binding themselves by a solemn oath, not for the purposes of any wicked design, but never to commit any fraud, theft, or adultery, never to falsify their word, nor deny a trust when they should be called upon to deliver it up"
– Their assemblies were forbidden by the magistrate.
– Females officiated at Christian services. This detail testifies to the active role of women in the early church.
– Their beliefs were called an "extravagant superstition."
Pliny's account provides more information about the early disciples rather than Jesus. However, Jesus is mentioned as the focus of their religious practice. The fact that they prayed to Christ likely reflects their view of Jesus' divinity. This would have contributed to the separation of synagogue and early disciples.
Suetonius
Suetonius was a Roman historian who lived in the early second century. His writings include one possible reference to Christians and another certain reference.
Speaking of the Emperor Claudius, he wrote that: "He banished from Rome all the Jews, who were continually making disturbances at the instigation of one Chrestus" (Life of Claudius, 25.4).
The Latin word translated as Chrestus is Chresto. It can be used in a generic or specific sense. Chresto simply means "good." This quote does corroborate with Acts 18:2. It is entirely possible and very likely that disputes about Jesus caused conflict among Jewish people in Rome. The book of Acts records many conflicts between Jewish people and early Christians. Does that mean Suetonius is referring to Jesus' followers? Some scholars affirm this quote is a reference to Jesus while others are not so sure. It is entirely possible that Suetonius meant to write "Christus" instead of "Chresto", but we cannot be totally certain.
Suetonius also described the suffering of Christians under Nero, but in a much briefer account than Tacitus. "He likewise inflicted punishments on the Christians*, a sort of people who held a new and impious superstition" (Life of Nero, 16.2). *Latin word is Christiani.
Suetonius does not add much more to the discussion of this topic than what we have already learned.
Lucian was a satirist who lived from 115-200 AD. He wrote a work called "the Passing of Peregrinus." Peregrinus was a former Christian who later became a cynic and revolutionary. He died in 165 AD. As we look at the quote from Lucian, we must keep in mind that he is a satirist, so he mocks Christians and other groups. However, we can still glean some important information from his quotes.
"It was then that he learned the wondrous lore of the Christians*, by associating with their priests and scribes in Palestine. And – how else could it be? In a trice he made them all look like children; for he was a prophet, cult-leader, head of the synagogue, and everything, all by himself. He interpreted and explained some of their books and even composed many, and they revered him as a god, made use of him as a lawgiver, and set him down as a protector, next after that other, to be sure, whom they still worship, the man who was crucified in Palestine because he introduced this new cult into the world" (Passing of Peregrinus, 11).
*The Greek word used for Christian is Christianon.
"Then at length Proteus was apprehended for this and thrown into prison, which itself gave him no little reputation as an asset for his future career and the charlatanism and notoriety-seeking that he was enamoured of. Well, when he had been imprisoned, the Christians, regarding the incident as a calamity, left nothing undone in the effort to rescue him…" (ibid, 12).
"Indeed, people came even from the cities in Asia, sent by the Christians at their common expense, to succor and defend and encourage the hero (Peregrinus). They show incredible speed whenever any such public action is taken; for in no time they lavish their all. So it was then in the case of Peregrinus; much money came to him from them by reason of his imprisonment, and he procured not a little revenue from it. The poor wretches have convinced themselves first and foremost, that they are going to be immortal and live for all time, in consequence of which they despise death and even willingly give themselves into custody, most of them. Furthermore, their first lawgiver persuaded them that they are all brothers of one another after they have transgressed once for all by denying the Greek gods and by worshiping that crucified sophist himself and living under his laws" (ibid, 13).
– Those who followed Christ were called Christians.
– They had religious leaders in Judea (called Palestine at that time).
– Christ was thought of as a prophet and worshipped.
– Jesus explained their books and composed many Himself (this is likely a reference to the New Testament and possibly the Old Testament).
– Christ was crucified in Judea (Palestine).
– Christians thought they would receive immortality.
– They were not afraid of death.
– They considered each other brothers.
– They refused to worship Greek gods.
– They lived by Christ's words.
– They were known for their generosity.
Lucian's focus is more on the followers of Jesus, but he does reiterate some details we learned from earlier writers such as Josephus and Tacitus.
To conclude this two-part series, let's put together the total of all these details to see what kind of picture we receive about Jesus and His followers.
"Jesus was considered a wise man who did extraordinary deeds. He was known as a teacher of truth. He was also considered a prophet and worshiped. He won over many Jews and Greeks. He taught out of their books and even composed many Himself. During the reign of Tiberius Caesar, a regional ruler named Pilate heard accusations against Him by the highest Jewish authorities. Due to these accusations, Jesus was crucified. Those who loved him formed a group known as Christians, who were named after him. They still existed during the time Josephus composed his work (93 AD). Some people called Jesus the Christ; he had a brother named James.
The group started in Judea and eventually became established in Rome where it found a significant following. They may have contributed to the expulsion of Jews from Rome during the reign of Claudius. During the reign of Nero, they were blamed for setting fire to the city. They were tortured terribly during that time.
During the reign of the Emperor Trajan (early second century AD), large numbers of Christians dwelt in Asia Minor. There was a difference between a real Christian, who refused to worship the image of the emperor and make sacrifices, and those who only confessed the name of Jesus. Christians met on a specific day every week (Sabbath). They met before sunrise (in context this was to avoid being captured or reported as a believer). Christians directed prayers to Christ and committed their lives to moral principles such as those found in the Ten Commandments. Females officiated at Christian services.
Christians were not afraid of death and believed in immortality. They considered each other brothers (family). They did not worship idols or pagan deities. They lived by Christ's words and were know for their generosity. There were books composed about Jesus. They were witnessed as an active group in the days of Lucian, who wrote about 165.
These few historical accounts provide us with significant historical information about Jesus and His early followers.
Next week, we will look at Archaeology and the life of Jesus!
To read more about this subject, download our free booklet: How Do We Know Jesus Really Lived? (CLICK HERE to download)
Kelly McDonald, Jr.
BSA President – www.biblesabbath.org
Lucian. The Passing of Peregrinus, 11-13. Translated by A.M. Harmon, vol. 5, Harvard University Press, 1962. pp 11-15.
McDonald Jr., Kelly. Prevalence of the Sabbath in the Early Roman Empire. Bible Sabbath Association. 2020. pp 40-42.
Pliny the Younger. Letters 97, 98. Translated by Melmoth. Revised by Rev. F. C. T. Bosanquet, London: George Bell and Sons, 1905. pp 393-397.
Suetonius. The Life of Claudius, 25.4; The Life of Nero, 16.2. Translated by Alexander Thomson. Revised by T. Forester, London: G. Bell and Sons, LTD, 1911. pp 318, 347.
The Bible and the Life We're Supposed to Live
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Silvers surfers a digital community grouip for the over 55's. The club caters for those with a limited knowledge of computers and the internet and enables them to develop their knowledge in those areas.
The club aims to make clients aware of available online information and service resources from a wide variety of areas including: news, government, consumer affairs, travel, education/training, employment, health and business. The clients will be able to confidently interact with online service providers and carry out routine tasks such as buying a CD or book, paying a bill, banking online, completing a tax return or making a holiday reservation.
The club also aims to keep our clients in the know about updated and new technology such as social networking sites and online video communities. It also gives the clients a chance to learn the basics of Microsoft Office. We're always on the look-out for new ideas about up coming new technology eg Dropbox, so if you have any suggestions we would love to hear from you.
This class takes place every Wednesday morning from 11am to 1.30pm and Friday from 1.30pm to 3.30pm.


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Is It Time To Replace Your Hot Water Tank?
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A buying guide to help you determine the right choice of your air conditioner needs. The hot summer months will be here soon, plan your cooling needs now!
The front door and overall approach to your home offers a glimpse about the style and personality of the people found within. What is your home saying?
Rooms too hot or too cold, balancing the heating system so that each room is the right temperature. why are some rooms colder than the other?
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A home energy efficiency audit to understand where you are and target improvements. North American homes need to go on an energy diet and soon, why?
It's that time of year again, fall means the leaves are starting to fall and you don't need the air conditioning anymore. Now is the perfect time to prepare for the coming winter months. There are a number of great home renovation projects that are perfect for this time of year. These projects will help you be more comfortable this winter and make your home more energy efficient at the same time.
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We've done it again - we picked a winner! This time it's Heavenly Organics, one of the "5 Companies Making a Difference", highlighted in the November/December 2013 issue of Specialty Food Magazine. Heavenly Organics is a company whose mission is to produce and market 100% organic products that both preserve and nourish the biodiversity of the planet as well as the people and cultures where they are produced. During a business class at university, Amit Hooda - who grew up in northern India with a garden full of organic produce and a renowned agronomist father - created the idea for Heavenly Organics. Today, the company markets honey, sugar, condensed milk and other items that directly benefit more than 250 families in troubled areas in northern and central India moving families from crisis and poverty to stability and self-sufficiency. We found them at the New York Fancy Food Show earlier this year and were inspired by the purity of their ingredients and great taste. Their Chocolate Honey Patties have 3 ingredients only: Organic Chocolate, Organic Raw White Honey & Natural Flavoring. They are gluten free, dairy free and Certified Organic. Even their chocolate is an organic Italian slow-roast dark chocolate liquor of unsweetened chocolate and thus contains no alcohol. There is no added sugar in any of the patties. We have 4 kinds at the Tea Room - Chocolate Almond, Chocolate Ginger, Chocolate Mint & Chocolate Pomegranate. This is, indeed, healthy candy. Treat yourself!


Ask people what they're paying.
Look on CraigsList for 2br apartments.
These two methods seem to get dramatically different results. Why?
The Department of Housing and Urban Development calculates "Fair Market Rents" from Census data, which amounts to asking people what they pay for rent. They find that the 40th percentile rent for a 2br in Boston is $1,494/month.
An apartment listed at $1,494 would be at the 1.6th percentile. How are these so far apart?
Another factor is that to estimate Fair Market Rent numbers for the city of Boston the HUD actually estimates for the Boston-Cambridge-Quincy metropolitan area and uses that number. But Boston-Cambridge-Quincy includes 114 cities and towns, and Boston is probably one of the most expensive ones to rent in. It's also not clear to me whether in calculating for Boston-Cambridge-Quincy they normalize by town, population, or renting population.
And a last factor is that CraigsList represents what landlords are asking for, where apartments that are listed above market stay on the site while ones listed below market are quickly rented. This would push the CraigsList number high.
One way to resolve this would be to collect even more data! If you rent in the Boston area, what are you paying? Could you add your apartment to this public spreadsheet?
 I didn't do this manually: I scraped PadMapper, which buys data from 3Taps, which scrapes it from Google's cache, which got it from scraping CraigsList. There was a lawsuit.


Nigel is being passionate about everything electronic or technical since a young age. During college, he was feeding his curiosity and enthusiasm by having his own IT advisory and repair shop helping out the home user and broadening his knowledge by getting Cisco certified.
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Drinks - Choya Yowanai Ume Soda
Thi tasty and refreshing ume (Japanese plum) soda is sold in Japan as a non-alcoholic version of popular canned "chu-hai" cocktails. Since these awesome cann...
Thi tasty and refreshing ume (Japanese plum) soda is sold in Japan as a non-alcoholic version of popular canned "chu-hai" cocktails. Since these awesome canned cocktails sadly don't exist in the States, I could have just said that this was a really good, bubbly, refreshing, not-too-sweet Japanese plum soda, and that would be just fine for so many people. But now that you know that this is a very particular sort of soft drink, targeted for adults, doesn't that make Choya Yowanai Ume Soda that much more interesting? On one hand this is just a great soda that tastes like fruit which one doesn't normally see in American sodas, but is common in Japan. On the other hand, in order for this soda to serve it's greater purpose to the average consumer in Japan, it needs to taste and appear sophisticated enough for adults to want to consume it around other adults in social-drinking situations. And it does! That's a lot of subtext for what is otherwise just a really good soda!
Also available in Yuzu flavor.


text:
June 30, 2020 June 30, 2020 gideonasche History
SGT DONALD RUSSELL LONG
Troop C, 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry, 1st ID
Republic of Vietnam
Sgt Long's troop was conducting a reconnaissance mission when they were attacked by a Viet Cong regiment, supported by mortars, recoilless rifles, and machine guns.
In spite of withering enemy fire, Sgt. Long left the protection of his armored personnel carrier to recover wounded Americans and carry then to Dust-Off helicopters.
As the platoon fought its way forward, Sgt. Long repeatedly exposed himself to enemy fire at point-blank range to shuttle ammo and supplies to forward elements of his troop.
Viet Cong swarmed Sgt Long's APC and tried to mount it but Sgt. Long stood fearlessly and unprotected on the deck and repelled the enemy with rifle fire and grenades.
When the enemy threatened to overrun a disabled carrier nearby, Sgt. Long again disregarded his own safety to help the severely wounded crew to safety.
He was passing out ammo and reorganizing his men to press the attack when an enemy grenade landed on the APC deck. Long instinctively shouted a warning to the crew then pushed one man to safety and threw himself on the Grenade.
Sgt. Long saved the lives of EIGHT of his brothers at the cost of his own.


Besides covering practical issues such as lesson planning, motivation, classroom management, and the role of teacher development groups, this book delves into the moral and political dimensions of teaching. The paperback edition is a valuable source book for both teacher educators and classroom teachers. It covers a wide range of key areas, including lesson planning, classroom management, and motivation. It also delves into the moral and political dimensions of teaching. Discussion of these areas is supported by extensive quotes from real teachers and is well grounded in academic theory. The treatment is sufficiently challenging to interest the experienced teacher, but covers matters of basic practice of concern to the beginner. This is an invaluable tool for both in-service teachers and those wishing to further their professional development. A Practicum in TESOL can be used individually or in groups.
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Cookie Monster with "Cookies" caption hand painted in brown and pink on light yellow cotton t-shirt. Zip detail.
This just in; Ekin creates this 'order' in the lack of a plain t-shirt !
Luckily it turned out great and the client loved it 🙂 The pocket detail was a minor one, and I thought I could still pull of a little line *and* have a great design in the front.
But I didn't want any fuss at any point of the shirt, so I thought "why not include it in the design?" The zip acted like a cute mouth to the monster and It made the client want to throw some actual cookies in! At least that's what She said !!
Cr(owl)ded ! More owls, more fun!
Beauties From Istanbul Madonna Concert!