text:
\section{Introduction}

Solitonic solutions such as black holes of $N\geq 2$ supergravity
have been studied and developed over a decade, see for a review
for example in~\cite{Andrianopoli:2006ub}. The main interest of
the study is due to the so-called \textit{attractor mechanism}
which was firstly discovered in four dimensional ungauged $N=2$
supergravity by some authors \cite{Ferrara:1995prd,
Ferrara:1997npb} and $N=1$ supergravity without introducing the
scalar potential \cite{Andrianopoli:2007jhep}. The formalism is
basically to find nondegenerate critical points of the black hole
potential $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ with $V_{\mathrm{BH}} > 0$ and
particularly, all eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix of
$V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ at its nondegenerate critical points are
strictly positive.\\
\indent In this paper we particularly present some results of a
particular class of black holes in four dimensional $N=1$
supergravity coupled to vector and chiral multiplets in the
presence of the scalar potential $V$. The black hole is
non-supersymmetric and simply admits a spherical symmetry. Since
the theory is coupled to vector and chiral multiplets, then it has
electric, magnetic, and scalar charges \cite{Ferrara:1995prd,
Gibbons:1996prl}. Such a black hole can be regarded as a solution
of a set of the equations of motions such as the Einstein field
equation, the gauge field and the scalar field equations of
motions by varying the $N=1$ supergravity action with respect to
the metric, gauge fields, and scalar fields on the spherical
symmetric metric.\\
\indent Moreover, our main interest is to consider a special class
of black holes, namely extremal black holes. The word ``extreme"
means that the two black hole horizons coincide on which the black
hole potential extremizes at fixed values of scalars.  Such a case
has been considered for supersymmetric black holes in the context
of four dimensional $N=2$ supergravity \cite{Ferrara:1995prd,
Gibbons:1996prl, Kallosh:1996, Behrndt:1996} whose asymptotic
background is flat. While, in our case we study extremal
non-supersymmetric black holes with curved asymptotic backgrounds,
{\textit{i.e.}} four dimensional anti-de Sitter ($AdS_4$) and four
dimensional  de Sitter ($dS_4$) in the $N=1$ theory with non-zero
$V$ \footnote{This non-supersymmetric class of black holes has
also been studied in
 four dimensional $N=2$ supergravity coupled to
vector multiplets with FI terms \cite{Belluci:2008prd} and
recently in \cite{Kimura:2010jhep}.}.\\
\indent Let us mention the results as follows. Firstly, in the
asymptotic region the scalars are frozen with respect the radial
coordinate $r$ and further, can be viewed as the critical points
of both the black hole potential $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ and the scalar
potential $V$ with vanishing scalar charges in order to have a
regular value of the scalars. The geometries are of a constant
scalar curvature which further deform to the symmetric spaces,
namely $AdS_4$ or $dS_4$ which is the boundaries as $r$ becomes
much larger than the mass of the black hole and the value of
$V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ in the region.\\
\indent Secondly, near the horizon the scalars are also frozen
with respect to $r$ which are the critical points of so-called
effective black hole potential $V_{\mathrm{eff}}$ which is a
function of both the black hole potential $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ and
the scalar potential $V$. Here, the black hole geometries are the
product of a two dimensional surface $M^{1,1}$ and the two-sphere
$S^2$. This $M^{1,1}$ could be $AdS_2$ or $dS_2$ with different
radii compared to $S^2$.
Therefore, the near-horizon geometry is not conformally flat.\\
\indent Finally, since the scalar charges vanish in the asymptotic
region, then the frozen scalars should be identical in both
regions in order to extremize the ADM mass of extremal black holes
which has been considered in the asymptotic flat case
\cite{Gibbons:1996prl}. Thus, if the radius of $AdS_2$ is less
than the radius of $S^2$, then the asymptotic geometry is $AdS_4$.
Whereas, we have the asymptotic $dS_4$ if  the radius of $AdS_2$
is greater than the radius of $S^2$. However, it is still unclear
for $dS_2$ case, although the asymptotic geometry is $dS_4$
\footnote{We thank T. Kimura for the discussion of this point.}.\\
\indent The structure of the paper is as follows. Section
\ref{sec:sugra} is devoted to give a review of $N=1$ supergravity
coupled to vector and chiral multiplets. Our convention here
follows rather closely~\cite{D'Auria:2001kv, Andrianopoli:2001zh}.
Then, in Section \ref{sec:EOM} we derive the equations of motions
of each field mentioned above. We split Section \ref{sec:SSEBH}
into three parts: in the first part we derive the equations of
motions on the spherical symmetric metric, while the rest two
parts we discuss some properties of extremal black hole in the
asymptotic region and near the horizon. Then, in Section
\ref{sec:EBR} we show the existence of extremal dyonic
Bertotti-Robinson-like black hole. We give some simple models,
namely $\,\, {\mathrm{l\hspace{-2.1mm}C}}^{n}$-models with both linear superpotential and
gauge couplings in Section \ref{sec:model}. Finally, our
conclusions is in Section \ref{sec:conclu}.

\section{$N=1$ Supergravity Coupled with Vector and Chiral Multiplets}
\label{sec:sugra}

In this section we review shortly four dimensional $N=1$
supergravity coupled to arbitrary vector and chiral multiplets.
Here, we assemble the terms which are useful our analysis in the
paper. Interested reader can further read, for example, the
references \cite{D'Auria:2001kv, Andrianopoli:2001zh}. The theory
consists of a gravitational multiplet, $n_V$ vector and $n_C$
chiral multiplets. Here, we mention the field content of the
multiplets: a gravitational multiplet  $(e_{\mu}^a, \psi_\mu)$, a
vector multiplet $(A_{\mu}, \lambda)$, and a chiral multiplet $(z,
\chi)$ where $e_{\mu}^a$, $A_{\mu}$, and $z$ are a vierbein, a
gauge field, and a complex scalar, respectively, while $\psi_\mu$,
$\lambda$, and $\chi$ are the fermion fields. The bosonic sector
of the Lagrangian can be written down as \cite{D'Auria:2001kv,
Andrianopoli:2001zh} \footnote{Here, we assume that there is no
volume deformation of K\"ahler manifolds. Such a situation has
also been considered for domain wall cases in
\cite{Gunara:2006ig}. On the other hand, some cases with volume
deformation of K\"ahler manifolds have been studied in several
references \cite{Gunara:2007fw, Gunara:2008if, Gunara:2009tu,
Gunara:2009ve, Gunara:2009}.}
\begin{eqnarray}
{\mathcal{L}}^{N=1} &=& -\frac{1}{2}R + {\mathcal{R}}_{\Lambda
\Sigma}\,{\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma|\mu\nu}
+ {\mathcal{I}}_{\Lambda \Sigma}\,
{\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}\widetilde{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma|\mu\nu}
\nonumber\\
 && + \, g_{i\bar{j}}(z, \bar{z})\,
\partial_{\mu} z^i \,
\partial^{\mu}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}} - V(z,\bar{z})\;, \label{L}
\end{eqnarray}
where $i, j=1, \ldots, n_c$, $\Lambda, \Sigma=1, \ldots, n_v$, and
$\mu,\nu=0, \ldots, 3$. The quantity $R$ is the Ricci scalar of
four dimensional spacetime, whereas
${\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}$ is an Abelian field strength of
$A_{\mu}^{\Lambda}$, and
$\widetilde{{\mathcal{F}}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}$ is a Hodge dual of
${\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}$. Meanwhile, we have a
Hodge-K\"ahler manifold ${\bf{M}}$ spanned by the complex scalars
$(z, \bar{z})$ with metric $g_{i\bar{j}}(z, \bar{z}) \equiv
\partial_i \partial_{\bar{j}}K(z,\bar{z})$ where $
K(z,\bar{z})$ is a real function called the K\"ahler
potential.\\
\indent The gauge couplings ${\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}$ are
arbitrary holomorphic functions, while ${\mathcal{R}}_{\Lambda
\Sigma}$ and ${\mathcal{I}}_{\Lambda \Sigma}$ are real and
imaginary parts of ${\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}$, respectively.
Similar to the gauge couplings, the function $W(z)$ is also an
arbitrary holomorphic function called holomorphic superpotential.
The scalar potential $V(z,\bar{z})$ is real and given by
\begin{equation}
 V(z,\bar{z}) = e^{K /M^2_P}\left(g^{i\bar{j}} \, \nabla_i W\,
 \bar{\nabla}_{\bar{j}} \bar{W}
 - \frac{3}{M^2_P} W \bar{W} \right)  \;,
\label{V01}
\end{equation}
where $W$ is a holomorphic superpotential, $K \equiv
K(z,\bar{z})$, and $\nabla_i W\equiv
\partial_i W + (K_i /M^2_P) W$.\\
\indent In addition, the Lagrangian (\ref{L}) has a supersymmetric
invariance with respect to  the variation of fields up to
three-fermion terms \cite{D'Auria:2001kv, Andrianopoli:2001zh}:
\begin{eqnarray}
\delta\psi_{{\bullet}\nu} &=& M_P \left(D_{\nu}\epsilon_{\bullet}
+ \frac{\mathrm{i}}{2}e^{K/2M^2_P}\,W \gamma_{\nu}
\epsilon^{\bullet}
+ \frac{\mathrm{i}}{2M_P} Q_{\nu} \epsilon_{\bullet} \right)\;, \nonumber\\
\delta\lambda_{\bullet}^{\Lambda} &=& \frac{1}{2}
({\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{\mu\nu}
- {\mathrm{i}}\widetilde{\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{\mu\nu}) \gamma^{\mu\nu}\epsilon_{\bullet} \;, \nonumber\\
\delta\chi^i &=& {\mathrm{i}}\partial_{\nu} z^i \, \gamma^{\nu}
\epsilon^{\bullet} + N^i \epsilon_{\bullet} \;,\label{susytr}\\
\delta e^a_{\nu} &=&  - \frac{{\mathrm{i}}}{M_P} \, (
\bar{\psi}_{{\bullet}\nu} \, \gamma^a \epsilon^{\bullet}
+ \bar{\psi}^{\bullet}_\nu \, \gamma^a \epsilon_{\bullet} )\;,\nonumber\\
\delta A^{\Lambda}_{\mu} &=& \frac{\mathrm{i}}{2}
\bar{\lambda}_{\bullet}^{\Lambda} \gamma_{\mu}\epsilon^{\bullet} +
\frac{\mathrm{i}}{2} \bar{\epsilon}_{\bullet}
\gamma_{\mu} \lambda^{{\bullet}\Lambda}\;, \nonumber\\
\delta z^i &=& \bar{\chi}^i \epsilon_{\bullet} \;,\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
where $N^i \equiv e^{K /2M^2_P}\,g^{i\bar{j}}
\bar{\nabla}_{\bar{j}}\bar{W}$,
 $g^{i\bar{j}}$ is the inverse of $g_{i\bar{j}}$,
 and the $U(1)$ connection $Q_{\nu} \equiv  - \left(  K_i
 \,\partial_{\nu}z^i -
K_{\bar{i}}\, \partial_{\nu}\bar{z}^{\bar{i}}\right)$.

\section{The Equations of Motions}
\label{sec:EOM}

Let us first discuss the equations of motions of the fields which
can be obtained by varying the action related to the Lagrangian
(\ref{L}) with respect to $g_{\mu\nu}$, $A^{\Lambda}_{\mu}$, and
$z^i$. Then, by setting all fermions vanish at the level of the
equation of motions, we have three equations, namely the Einstein
field equation
\begin{eqnarray}
 R_{\mu\nu} - \frac{1}{2} g_{\mu\nu} R &=& g_{i\bar{j}} \,
 (\partial_{\mu}z^i \partial_{\nu}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}}
 + \partial_{\nu}z^i \partial_{\mu}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}}) - g_{i\bar{j}} \, g_{\mu\nu}
\, \partial_{\rho}z^i \partial^{\rho}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}} \nonumber\\
&& + \, 4 \, {\mathcal{R}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}
\,{\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\rho}^{\Lambda}{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma}_{\nu\sigma}
g^{\rho\sigma} - g_{\mu\nu} {\mathcal{R}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}
\,{\mathcal{F}}_{\rho\sigma}^{\Lambda}{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma|\rho\sigma}
 + g_{\mu\nu} V \;, \label{Einsteineq}
\end{eqnarray}
the gauge field equation of motion
\begin{equation}
 \partial_{\nu} \left(\varepsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma} \sqrt{-g}
 \, {\mathcal{G}}_{\Lambda|\rho\sigma}\right) = 0\;,
\label{gaugeEOM}
\end{equation}
with
\begin{equation}
{\mathcal{G}}_{\Lambda|\rho\sigma}  \equiv {\mathcal{I}}_{\Lambda
\Sigma} {\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma}_{\rho\sigma} -
{\mathcal{R}}_{\Lambda \Sigma}
\widetilde{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma}_{\rho\sigma} \;,
\label{magnetfield}
\end{equation}
are the electric field strengths, and the scalar field equation of
motion
\begin{equation}
 \frac{g_{i\bar{j}}}{\sqrt{-g}} \, \partial_{\mu} \left( \sqrt{-g} \,g^{\mu\nu}
 \partial_{\nu}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}}
 \right) + \bar{\partial}_{\bar{k}} g_{i\bar{j}} \, \partial_{\nu}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}}
 \partial^{\nu}\bar{z}^{\bar{k}} = \partial_i {\mathcal{R}}_{\Lambda
\Sigma}\,{\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma|\mu\nu}
+ \partial_i{\mathcal{I}}_{\Lambda \Sigma}\,
{\mathcal{F}}_{\mu\nu}^{\Lambda}\widetilde{\mathcal{F}}^{\Sigma|\mu\nu}
- \partial_i V \;, \label{scalarEOM}
\end{equation}
where $g \equiv {\mathrm{det}}(g_{\mu\nu})$. Additionally, there
are the Bianchi identities
\begin{equation}
 \partial_{\nu} \left(\varepsilon^{\mu\nu\rho\sigma} \sqrt{-g}
 \, {\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{\rho\sigma}\right) = 0\;,
\label{BianchiId}
\end{equation}
from the definition of ${\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{\rho\sigma}$.\\
\indent Before proceeding to the explicit model, we  briefly point
out the setup  in this paper as follows. From (\ref{Einsteineq})
we obtain the scalar curvature
\begin{equation}
R = 2 g_{i\bar{j}}  \, \partial_{\mu}z^i
\partial^{\mu}\bar{z}^{\bar{j}}-4 \,V \;, \label{scalarcurv}
\end{equation}
whose dynamics are controlled by $\partial_{\mu}z$ and $z$
together with their complex conjugate. It is easily to see that
the scalar curvature (\ref{scalarcurv}) becomes a constant if the
scalar fields are fixed with respect to the spacetime coordinates,
namely $\partial_{\mu}z^i =0$. In this paper we particularly
consider the case where such situations occur in the asymptotic
and the near horizon regions. To achieve such a results, firstly,
assuming that in the asymptotic region the scalar fields have to
be frozen, namely $z^i_0$ and $\partial_{\mu}z^i =0$, there exists
a constant $\kappa$ such that the black hole has a constant scalar
curvature where $\kappa$ is related to the potential $V$ evaluated
at its critical point $(z_0, \bar{z}_0)$. Secondly, near the
horizon we do similar way as before, namely the scalar fields are
freezed to $z^i_h$ and $\partial_{\mu}z^i =0$ and $\kappa$ is
related to so called an effective potential evaluated at its
critical point $(z_h, \bar{z}_h)$ (see section \ref{sec:EBR}). In
the rest of this paper we particularly construct the model in
which the black holes are spherically symmetric and extremal.

\section{Spherical Symmetric Extremal Black Holes}
\label{sec:SSEBH}
\subsection{General Setup}

\indent Let us start to construct a black hole solution of the
equations (\ref{Einsteineq}), (\ref{gaugeEOM}), and
(\ref{scalarEOM}). Our starting point is particularly to write the
ansatz metric
\begin{equation}
ds^2 = e^{A(r)}\, dt^2 - e^{B(r)}\, dr^2 - e^{C(r)}\,
 (d\theta^2 + {\mathrm{sin}}^2\theta \, d\phi^2)\;,
\label{metricans}
\end{equation}
which is static and has a spherical symmetric. Among the functions
$A(r)$, $B(r)$, and $C(r)$, only two of them are independent since
one can generally employ the radial coordinate
redefinition $r$ to absorb one of the three.\\
\indent On the ansatz (\ref{metricans}), the next step is to solve
the gauge field equation of motions \ref{gaugeEOM}) together with
the Bianchi identities (\ref{BianchiId}). Simply taking a case
where the field strength components
${\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{01}(r)$ and
${\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{23}(\theta)$ are nonzero, we
obtain\begin{eqnarray} {\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{01} &=&
\frac{1}{2} \, e^{\frac{1}{2}(A + B)-C}\,
({\mathcal{R}}^{-1})^{\Lambda\Sigma}({\mathcal{I}}_{\Sigma\Gamma}\,
g^{\Gamma} - q_{\Sigma}) \;,\nonumber\\
{\mathcal{F}}^{\Lambda}_{23} &=& - \frac{1}{2} \, g^{\Lambda} \,
{\mathrm{sin}}\theta  \;, \label{solgaugeEOM}
\end{eqnarray}
where $q_{\Lambda}$ and $g^{\Lambda}$ are the electric and
magnetic charges, respectively \cite{Belluci:2008prd}. Then, using
(\ref{solgaugeEOM}) we have two sets of equations as follows. The
first set of equations  is coming from the Einstein field equation
and the Maxwell equation, namely
\begin{eqnarray}
- e^{-B}\left( C'' + \frac{3}{4} \, {C'}^2
-\frac{1}{2} \, C'B'
  \right) +  e^{-C} = e^{-B} g_{i\bar{j}}\, z^i{'} \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}{'}
   + V + \, e^{-2C} V_{\mathrm{BH}} \;, \nonumber \\
- \frac{1}{2}\, C'\, \left(\frac{1}{2}\, C' + A'\right) + e^{B-C}
= - g_{i\bar{j}}\, z^i{'} \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}{'} + e^{B} \left(V +
e^{-2C} V_{\mathrm{BH}}\right) \;,
\nonumber\\
 - \frac{1}{2}\,e^{-B}\left(A'' + C'' + \frac{1}{2} (A'+C')(A'-B')
 + \frac{1}{2} \, {C'}^2 \right)
 = e^{-B} g_{i\bar{j}}\, z^i{'} \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}{'} + V - e^{-2C} V_{\mathrm{BH}}  \;,
\label{Einsteineq1}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\nu' \equiv d\nu / dr$, while the second equation is the
scalar field equation of motions given by
\begin{equation}
 g_{i\bar{j}} \, \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}{''} + \bar{\partial}_{\bar{k}}
 g_{i\bar{j}} \, \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}{'} \bar{z}^{\bar{k}}{'}
 + \frac{1}{2} \left(A' - B' + 2C' \right)g_{i\bar{j}} \,
 \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}{'} = e^{B} \left( e^{-2C} \partial_i V_{\mathrm{BH}}
 + \partial_i V \right) \;,\label{scalarEOM1}
\end{equation}
where we have assumed that $z^i$  depend only on the radial
coordinate $r$. The black hole potential $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ has the
form
\begin{eqnarray}
V_{\mathrm{BH}} \equiv - \frac{1}{2} \, (g \:\, q
) \; {\mathcal{M}} \; \left(\begin{array}{c}  g \\
 q \end{array} \right)
 \;,
 \label{VBH}
\end{eqnarray}
which is called the black hole potential \cite{Ferrara:1997npb}
where
\begin{eqnarray}
{\mathcal{M}} = \left(\begin{array}{cc} {\mathcal{R}} +
{\mathcal{I}} \,{\mathcal{R}}^{-1} \,{\mathcal{I}} & -
{\mathcal{I}}\, {\mathcal{R}}^{-1} \\
- {\mathcal{R}}^{-1}\, {\mathcal{I}} & {\mathcal{R}}^{-1}
\end{array} \right) \;. \label{McalBH}
\end{eqnarray}
The function $V$ is the scalar potential (\ref{V01}) and in
addition, $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ contains all charges, namely electric,
magnetic, and scalar charges, with $V_{\mathrm{BH}}\geq 0$.\\
\indent It is worth mentioning that if the scalars $z$ are fixed
for all $r$, then the black hole geometries indeed have a constant
scalar curvature. This case is nothing but the
Reissner-Nordstr\"om-(anti) de Sitter solution with magnetic
charges.\\
\indent In the next two sections we show that a regular solution
of (\ref{Einsteineq1}) and (\ref{scalarEOM1}) indeed exists in
particular regions, namely near asymptotic and near horizon
regions. As we will see that around these regions the spacetimes
have constant curvatures demanding that the complex scalar fields
$z^i$ have to be fixed which can be viewed as critical points of
potentials defined in the theory.

\subsection{Black Hole Geometries Near Asymptotic Region}
\label{sec:exdyon}

In this section we construct a special solution of
(\ref{Einsteineq1}) around $r \to +\infty$ in which the scalars
$z$ are frozen and can be viewed as critical points of the black
hole and the scalar potentials. Or in other words we restrict
ourselves to a regular solution of (\ref{scalarEOM1}) in this
region. As mentioned in the preceding section, the scalar
curvature (\ref{scalarcurv}) becomes
constant.\\
\indent Our starting points is to take the condition
\begin{eqnarray}
z^i{'}(r) &\to& 0  \;, \nonumber\\
z^i(r) &\to& z^i_0 \;, \label{extremcon}
\end{eqnarray}
around the asymptotic region. We simply then set
\begin{equation}
C(r) = 2 \ln r  \;,
\end{equation}
since the ansatz metric (\ref{metricans}) admits only two
independent functions among $A(r)$, $B(r)$, and $C(r)$. So, from
(\ref{Einsteineq1}) we find that the geometry of black holes has
the form
\begin{equation}
 ds^2 = \Delta\, dt^2 - \Delta^{-1}\, dr^2 -  r^2\,
 (d\theta^2 + {\mathrm{sin}}^2\theta \, d\phi^2)\;,
\label{metricsol}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
\Delta \equiv 1 - \frac{2M}{r} + \frac{V^0_{\mathrm{BH}}}{r^2} -
\frac{1}{3} V_0\, r^2 \;, \label{Ar}
\end{equation}
and
\begin{eqnarray}
 V^0_{\mathrm{BH}} &\equiv&  V_{\mathrm{BH}}(z_0, \bar{z}_0) \;, \nonumber\\
 V_0 &\equiv&  V(z_0, \bar{z}_0) \;. \label{Vcon}
\end{eqnarray}
The metric (\ref{metricsol}) has a constant scalar curvature but
not Einstein describing a non-supersymmetric solution since the
variations of the fermionic fields in (\ref{susytr}) do not
vanish. The form of (\ref{metricsol}) looks like
Reissner-Nordstr\"om-(anti) de Sitter metric, and since we are
dealing with asymptotic geometries, (\ref{Ar}) must be strictly
positive. Therefore, it does not poses any positive root in the
region.\\
\indent Let us make the above statements more detail in the case
of $V_0 = 0$ and then defining
\begin{equation}
\Delta_0 \equiv r^2 - 2 M r + V^0_{\mathrm{BH}}  \;. \label{Ar0}
\end{equation}
The first case is that if $M > 0$, then we have $M <
\left(V^0_{\mathrm{BH}}\right)^{1/2}$ and $V^0_{\mathrm{BH}}
>0$. This means that (\ref{Ar0}) does not have any root. On the
other hand, if $M < 0$, then we have negative roots of
(\ref{Ar0}).\\
\indent Now let us turn to the scalar field equation of motions
(\ref{scalarEOM1}). In this region, taking into account $z^i{'} =
0$, (\ref{scalarEOM1}) limits to
\begin{equation}
\frac{g^0_{i\bar{j}}}{r}  \, \left(r \bar{z}^{\bar{j}}\right){''}
= \Delta^{-1} \left( \frac{1}{r^4}
  \left(\partial_i V_{\mathrm{BH}}\right)_{z_0}
 + \left(\partial_i V\right)_{z_0} \right) \;,\label{scalarEOM2}
\end{equation}
which gives
\begin{eqnarray}
z^i{'}  &=&  - \frac{\Sigma^i}{r^2} + \left( P{'}(r)
   \left(g^{i\bar{j}}\, \bar{\partial}_{\bar{j}} V_{\mathrm{BH}}\right)_{z_0}
 + Q{'}(r) \left(g^{i\bar{j}} \,\bar{\partial}_{\bar{j}} V\right)_{z_0} \right)
 \;,\nonumber\\
z^i &=& z^i_0 + \frac{\Sigma^i}{r} + \left( P(r)
   \left(g^{i\bar{j}}\,  \bar{\partial}_{\bar{j}} V_{\mathrm{BH}}\right)_{z_0}
 + Q(r) \left(g^{i\bar{j}}\, \bar{\partial}_{\bar{j}} V\right)_{z_0}
 \right)\;, \label{solscalarEOM2}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\Sigma^i$ are the scalar charges introduced in
\cite{Gibbons:1996prl}. The functions $P(r)$ and $Q(r)$ are
\begin{eqnarray}
P(r) &=& \frac{1}{r}\int \left( \int \frac{\Delta^{-1}}{r^3} \, dr \right) dr \;, \nonumber\\
Q(r) &=& \int \left(\int r \, \Delta^{-1}  \, dr \right) dr \;.
\label{PQtil}
\end{eqnarray}
Thus, in order to have a consistent picture with the condition
(\ref{extremcon}) it should be then
\begin{eqnarray}
\left( \partial_i V_{\mathrm{BH}}\right)_{z_0} &=& 0 \;, \nonumber\\
\left( \partial_i V\right)_{z_0}  &=& 0 \;, \label{extremcon1}\\
\Sigma^i &=& 0 \;. \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
In other words, the moduli fields $z^i_0$ can be thought of as
critical points of both the scalar and black hole potentials,
namely defined by (\ref{V01}) and (\ref{VBH}) respectively,
describing vacua of the theory. Moreover, the first and the second
conditions in (\ref{extremcon1}) may prevent the scalar fields to
be ill defined caused by (\ref{PQtil}) in the asymptotic region.
This can be easily  showed, for example, when the geometries are
of zero scalar curvature, namely $V_0 = 0$, whose functions $P(r)$
and $Q(r)$ have the form
\begin{eqnarray}
P(r) &=& \frac{1}{ V^0_{\mathrm{BH}}} \, {{\mathrm{ln}}} r + ... \;,\nonumber\\
Q(r)  &=& \frac{1}{6} \, r^2 + M r +... \;,\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
respectively, where the dots represent regular terms as $r \to
+\infty$.\\
\indent It is important to notice that although we have obtained
the above asymptotic geometries as spacetimes of constant scalar
curvatures, they are however not the boundaries of the black holes
because they indeed deform to the symmetric spaces, namely de
Sitter ($dS_4$) and anti-de Sitter ($AdS_4$) for $V_0 \ne 0$ or
flat $\mathrm{I\hspace{-0.7mm}R}^{1,3}$ for $V_0 = 0$, as $r$ runs to $r \gg \vert M
\vert$  and $r \gg V^0_{\mathrm{BH}}$ such that the second and the
third terms in (\ref{Ar}) are suppressed to zero. The scalar
fields already have a regular value ensured by (\ref{extremcon1})
in the region.

\subsection{Black Hole Geometries Near the Horizon} \label{sec:EBR}

This section is devoted to show the existence of
Bertotti-Robinson-like geometries when the scalars are frozen near
the horizon and can be viewed as critical points of an effective
scalar potential which is similar to the case of $N=2$
supergravity \cite{Belluci:2008prd}. These black holes are related
to the attractor model discussed, for example, in
\cite{Andrianopoli:2006ub, Ferrara:1995prd, Ferrara:1997npb}.\\
\indent The first step is to freeze the complex scalars, $z^i{'}
=0$ and correspondingly, the near horizon geometry of the metric
(\ref{metricans}) is a product of two surfaces $M^{1,1} \times
S^2$, where $M^{1,1}$ and $S^2$ are respectively two dimensional
surfaces and two-spheres. The setup then implies that the
functions in (\ref{metricans}) are governed by
\begin{eqnarray}
 \frac{1}{2}\,e^{-B}\left(A''  + \frac{1}{2} A'(A'-B')
  \right) &=& \ell \;, \nonumber\\
C &=& {\mathrm{ln}}r_h \;, \label{horgeomcon}
\end{eqnarray}
where $r_h \equiv r_h(g, q)$ is the radius of $S^2$, while the
first equation in (\ref{horgeomcon}) determine the geometry of
$M^{1,1}$ with $\ell
\equiv \ell(g, q)$. \\
\indent Next, in this limit the equations in (\ref{Einsteineq1})
and (\ref{scalarEOM1}) reduce to
\begin{eqnarray}
\frac{1}{r_h^2} = \frac{1}{r_h^4} V^h_{\mathrm{BH}} + V_h \;,
\nonumber\\
\ell = \frac{1}{r_h^4} V^h_{\mathrm{BH}} - V_h \;, \label{fieldEOMhor}\\
 \left(\frac{1}{r_h^4} \frac{\partial V_{\mathrm{BH}}}{\partial
z^i} + \frac{\partial V}{\partial z^i} \right)(p_h) = 0 \nonumber
\;,
\end{eqnarray}
and $p_h \equiv (z_h, \bar{z}_h)$ where we have introduced
\begin{eqnarray}
V^h_{\mathrm{BH}} &\equiv&  V_{\mathrm{BH}} (p_h) \;,\nonumber\\
V_h &\equiv&  V(p_h) \;, \\
\lim_{r \to r_h} z^i &\equiv& z^i_h \nonumber \;.
\end{eqnarray}
A set of solutions of (\ref{fieldEOMhor}) is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
r_h^2 &=&  V^h_{\mathrm{eff}} \;,
\nonumber\\
\ell^{-1} &=& \frac{V^h_{\mathrm{eff}}}{\sqrt{1 -4
V^h_{\mathrm{BH}} V_h}}
 \;, \label{solfieldEOMhor}\\
\frac{\partial V_{\mathrm{eff}}}{\partial z^i} (p_h)  &=& 0
\nonumber \;,
\end{eqnarray}
where
\begin{equation}
 V_{\mathrm{eff}} \equiv  \frac{1-\sqrt{1-4 V_{\mathrm{BH}}V}}{2
 V}\;\label{effV}
\end{equation}
is called the effective black hole potential
\cite{Belluci:2008prd} and
\begin{equation}
V^h_{\mathrm{eff}} \equiv V_{\mathrm{eff}}(p_h) \;.
\end{equation}
The last equation in (\ref{solfieldEOMhor}) proves that  the
scalars $z_h$ are indeed the critical points of $V_{\mathrm{eff}}$
in the scalar manifold ${\bf{M}}$ near the horizon and $z_h \equiv
z_h(g,q)$. In this case the black hole entropy simply takes the
form \cite{Bekenstein:1973prd}
\begin{equation}
S = \frac{A_h}{4} = \pi r_h^2 = \pi V^h_{\mathrm{eff}}\;.
\label{SBH1}
\end{equation}
In addition, the positivity of the entropy (\ref{SBH1}) restricts
$r^2_h > 0$. All of the above results follow that one can get if
$B = \pm A$, then $M^{1,1} \simeq AdS_2$ for $B= -A$ and $M^{1,1}
\simeq dS_2$ for $B= A$.\\
\indent Let us relate these results to the results in the
preceding subsection. Employing the Komar integral on curved
backgrounds in \cite{Kastor:2008cqg} to our case, we then get the
ADM mass $M_{ex}(z_0(g,q))$ for extremal black holes satisfying
\cite{Gibbons:1996prl}
\begin{equation}
\left( \frac{\partial M_{ex}}{\partial z}\right)_{z = z_h} = 0 \;,
\label{MADMex}
\end{equation}
which implies $\Sigma^i = 0$ for every $i$ or the last condition
in (\ref{extremcon1}). Thus, it is convenient to have
\begin{equation}
z^i_0 = z^i_h\;, \quad {\mathrm{for \; every}}\, i
\end{equation}
which implies that the scalar curvature (\ref{scalarcurv}) becomes
\begin{equation}
R= -4 V_0 = -4\, (\frac{1}{r_h^2}- \ell)\;.
\end{equation}
As observed in \cite{Belluci:2008prd}, in the first case the
spacetime is not conformally flat since $r_a \ne r_h$ where $r_a
\equiv \ell^{-1/2}$ is the radius of $AdS_2$. If the asymptotic
geometry is the spacetime of negative curvature (\textit{i.e.}
 $AdS_4$), then $r_a < r_h$. While for the case of
$r_a > r_h$, the asymptotic geometry has a positive curvature
(\textit{i.e.}  $dS_4$) \cite{Kimura:2010jhep}. On the other hand,
if $M^{1,1} \simeq dS_2$, then we only have the asymptotic
geometry of a positive curvature (\textit{i.e.} $dS_4$ which is
however still unclear.\\
\indent In the following we give in order some remarks. As
mentioned in the previous section, the black hole potential
$V_{\mathrm{BH}} \ge 0$, while the scalar potential $V$ is not
necessarily positive. Therefore, the effective potential
$V_{\mathrm{eff}}$ takes the real value with necessary condition
\begin{equation}
V_{\mathrm{BH}}V < \frac{1}{4} \;, \label{necessrealcon}
\end{equation}
while the regularity of the first order derivative of the
effective black hole potential (\ref{effV}) forbids the equal
sign. Moreover, in order to get a consistent picture the entropy
(\ref{SBH1}) further demands that $V_{\mathrm{eff}}$ must be
strictly positive at ground states. We also have
\begin{eqnarray}
\lim_{V \to 0} V_{\mathrm{eff}} &=& V_{\mathrm{BH}}
\;,\nonumber\\
 \lim_{V_{\mathrm{BH}} \to 0^+}
V_{\mathrm{eff}} &=& 0 \;. \label{limVeff}
\end{eqnarray}
From (\ref{fieldEOMhor}) and (\ref{solfieldEOMhor}) we can
directly see that the second equation in (\ref{limVeff}) is a
singular case with vanishing entropy (\ref{SBH1}). Another
singular model is when $M^{1,1}$ is flat Minkowski surface
$\mathrm{I\hspace{-0.7mm}R}^{1,1}$.

\section{Simple $\; {\mathrm{l\hspace{-2.9mm}C}}^{n_c}$-Models}
\label{sec:model}

In this section we consider some simple models on $\; {\mathrm{l\hspace{-2.1mm}C}}^{n_c}$
whose K\"ahler potential has the form
\begin{equation}
 K(z,\bar{z}) =   \vert z \vert^2 \;, \label{KpotC}
\end{equation}
where $\vert z \vert^2 \equiv \delta_{i\bar{j}} \, z^i
\bar{z}^{\bar{j}}$. Particularly, the gauge couplings and the
superpotential have the form
\begin{eqnarray}
{\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}(z) &=&
(b_0 + b_i z^i) \delta_{\Lambda\Sigma} \;,\nonumber\\
 W(z) &=& a_0 + a_i z^i \;, \label{gcoupw}
\end{eqnarray}
respectively, with $a_0, a_i, b_0, b_i \in \mathrm{I\hspace{-0.7mm}R}$. The black hole
potential and the scalar potential are given by
\begin{eqnarray}
V_{\mathrm{BH}}(x,y) &=& \left(b_0 + b_i x^i + \frac{(b_j
y^j)^2}{(b_0 + b_i x^i)} \right) g^2 - \frac{2b_j y^j}{(b_0 + b_i
x^i)} \, gq + \frac{q^2}{(b_0 + b_i x^i)}   \;,\nonumber\\
 V(x,y) &=& e^{(x^2 + y^2)/M^2_P}
 \Bigg\lbrack a^2 -  \frac{3 a_0^2 }{M^2_P} - \frac{4a_0}{M^2_P} \, a_i x^i
- \frac{1}{M^2_P}  \Big((a_i x^i)^2 + (a_i y^i)^2 \Big) \nonumber\\
&&  + \frac{1}{M^4_P}\left( x^2 + y^2 \right) \Big( (a_0 + a_i
x^i)^2 + (a_i y^i)^2 \Big) \Bigg\rbrack \;, \label{potmod}
\end{eqnarray}
respectively, where we have introduced coordinates $x^i, y^i \in
\mathrm{I\hspace{-0.7mm}R}$ such that $z^i = x^i + {\mathrm{i}} y^i$ and defined some
quantities
\begin{eqnarray}
g^2 \equiv \delta_{\Lambda\Sigma} \, g^{\Lambda}g^{\Sigma} \;, \;
gq
\equiv g^{\Lambda}q_{\Lambda} \;, \nonumber\\
q^2 \equiv \delta^{\Lambda\Sigma} \, q_{\Lambda}q_{\Sigma} \;, \;
a^2 \equiv \delta^{ij}\, a_i a_j \;, \\
x^2 \equiv \delta_{ij}\, x^i x^j \;, \; y^2 \equiv \delta_{ij}\,
y^i y^j \;.\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\indent We begin the construction by taking $b_i = 0$ for all $i$
which means for all $z$ we have $\partial_i
{\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}(z) = 0$. This follows that the black
hole potential $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ becomes
\begin{equation}
V^0_{\mathrm{BH}} = b_0 \, g^2 + \frac{q^2}{b_0} \;,
\label{VBHmodRN}
\end{equation}
which is positive with $b_0 >0$. Firstly, we simply take $z_0 = 0$
and then, get
\begin{equation}
\partial_i V (0) =-\frac{4}{M_P^2} \, a_0 \, a_i = 0 \;,
\label{dV=0}
\end{equation}
which can be split into two cases as follows. The first case is
$a_i = 0$ for all $i$ and $a_0 \ne 0$. The scalar potential
(\ref{V01}) then becomes
\begin{equation}
 V (0) = -\frac{3a^2_0}{M_P^2}  \;, \label{Vads}
\end{equation}
which shows that the black hole has an anti-de Sitter background.
Then, the effective potential (\ref{effV}) in this case is given
by
\begin{equation}
 V_{\mathrm{eff}} (0) = \frac{M_P^2}{6 a^2_0}
 \left(\sqrt{1 + \frac{12 a^2_0 b_0 }{M_P^2}
 \left(g^2 + \frac{q^2}{b^2_0} \right)} \label{effVads}
 - 1\right) \;,
\end{equation}
which is strictly positive. The Hessian matrix of the scalar
potential (\ref{V01}) is simply
\begin{equation}
\partial_i \bar{\partial}_{\bar{j}} V_{\mathrm{eff}}(0) =
    - \frac{4 a_0^2}{M^4_P} \, \delta_{i\bar{j}}  \,
    \frac{\partial V_{\mathrm{eff}} }{\partial V}(0) \;,
\end{equation}
with ${\partial V_{\mathrm{eff}} }/{\partial V}(0) > 0$ showing
that the model is not attractive.\\
\indent The second case is $a_i \ne 0$ for some $i$ and $a_0 = 0$
which follows that the scalar potential (\ref{V01}) is simply
\begin{equation}
 V (0) =  a^2  \;,
\end{equation}
ensuring that the black hole has a de Sitter background. The
Hessian matrix of the effective potential (\ref{effV}) has the
form
\begin{equation}
\partial_i \bar{\partial}_{\bar{j}}V_{\mathrm{eff}} (0) = \frac{2}{M^2_P}
\left( a^2 \, \delta_{ij} - \, a_i \, a_j \right)  \,
\frac{\partial V_{\mathrm{eff}} }{\partial V}(0) \;.
\label{HessV1}
\end{equation}
In this model there may exist an attractor if all eigenvalues of
(\ref{HessV1}) are strictly positive but $n_c \ne 1$.\\
 \indent Finally, we consider a more general case, namely
\begin{eqnarray}
\partial_i V_{\mathrm{BH}} &=& 0 \quad {\mathrm{and}}
\quad \partial_i {\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma} \ne 0
\;,\nonumber\\
\partial_i V (\tau) &=& 0 \;. \label{extremcon3}
\end{eqnarray}
Here, we simply set $n_c = 1$, but $n_v > 1$. Moreover, $a_1 = 0$,
while the other pre-coefficients are non-zero. After some steps,
we find that the critical point is
\begin{eqnarray}
 x_0 &=& - \frac{b_0}{b_1} + \frac{1}{b_1 g^2}
 \sqrt{ g^2  q^2 - (gq)^2} \;,\nonumber\\
y_0 &=& \frac{gq}{b_1 g^2}  \;, \label{critpoint}
\end{eqnarray}
with
\begin{eqnarray}
b_1 = \frac{1}{M_P \sqrt{2}}\left( (gq)^2 g^{-4} + \left(-b_0 +
g^{-2} \sqrt{ g^2 q^2 - (gq)^2} \right)^2  \right)^{1/2} \;.
\label{b1}
\end{eqnarray}
In the case at hand, the potentials in (\ref{potmod}) have the
form
\begin{eqnarray}
V_{\mathrm{BH}}(x_0, y_0) &=&  2\, \sqrt{ g^2  q^2 - (gq)^2} \;,\nonumber\\
 V (x_0, y_0) &=& -\frac{e^2 a^2_0 }{M_P^2} \;, \label{potmod1}
\end{eqnarray}
and thus, we have a dyonic black hole with anti-de Sitter
background and positive black hole potential since $g^2  q^2 >
(gq)^2$. The effective potential (\ref{effV}) in this model has
the form
\begin{equation}
 V_{\mathrm{eff}} (x_0, y_0) = \frac{M_P^2}{e^2 a^2_0}
 \left(\sqrt{1 + \frac{8 e^2 a^2_0  }{M_P^2}
 \sqrt{ g^2  q^2 - (gq)^2}} \label{effVads1}
 - 1\right) \;.
\end{equation}
The analysis of the Hessian matrix of (\ref{effV}) at $(x_0, y_0)$
shows that this model admits an attractor since ${\partial
V_{\mathrm{eff}} }/{\partial V}(x_0, y_0) > 0$ and ${\partial
V_{\mathrm{eff}} }/{\partial V_{\mathrm{BH}}}(x_0, y_0) > 0$.

\section{Conclusions}
\label{sec:conclu}

In the present paper we have considered several aspects of
extremal dyonic black holes in four dimensional $N=1$ supergravity
that have electric and magnetic charges with curved asymptotic
backgrounds, namely $dS_4$ and $AdS_4$. The black holes are
particularly non supersymmetric and spherical symmetric.\\
\indent In the asymptotic region we set the scalars to be fixed,
namely $z^i_0$, which can be viewed as the critical points of the
black hole potential $V_{\mathrm{BH}}$ and the scalar potential
$V$ with vanishing the scalar charges $\Sigma^i$. Then, the black
hole geometry tends to have a constant and non-zero scalar
curvature which then deforms to the symmetric spaces, namely
$AdS_4$ and $dS_4$.\\
\indent At the horizon the ansatz metric (\ref{metricans}) becomes
a product of two surfaces at vacua defined in the last equation in
(\ref{solfieldEOMhor}), namely $M^{1,1} \times S^2$. These vacua
correspond to the near-horizon limits of (\ref{Einsteineq1}) and
(\ref{scalarEOM1}) where the scalars $z^i$ are frozen and can be
regarded as critical points of $V_{\mathrm{eff}}$ with additional
condition $V^h_{\mathrm{eff}} > 0$ coming from the positivity of
the entropy (\ref{SBH1}). The surface $M^{1,1}$ is Einstein if $B
= \pm A$ where $M^{1,1} \simeq AdS_2$ for $B= -A$ and $M^{1,1}
\simeq dS_2$ for $B= A$. In general, this spacetime is not
conformally flat since $\ell \ne r^{-2}_h$. In particular, if all
the Hessian eigenvalues of $V_{\mathrm{eff}}$ are strictly
positive, then the critical point $p_h$ is an attractor. Note that
we exclude the singularities of this model, namely
$V_{\mathrm{BH}} \to 0^+ $ and the two dimensional surface
$M^{1,1}$ is a flat Minkowskian.\\
\indent Furthermore, the extremal condition (\ref{extremcon1})
follows that we must identify $z^i_0 = z^i_h$ for every $i$ which
has been observed previously for flat cases
\cite{Gibbons:1996prl}. In other words, if the asymptotic geometry
is  $AdS_4$), then $r_a < r_h$ where $r_a \equiv \ell^{-1/2}$ is
the radius of $AdS_2$. While for the case of $r_a
> r_h$, the asymptotic geometry is $dS_4$) \cite{Kimura:2010jhep}.
On the other hand, it is still not obvious for $M^{1,1} \simeq
dS_2$ whose asymptotic geometry is also $dS_4$.\\
\indent At the end, we have worked out $\; {\mathrm{l\hspace{-2.1mm}C}}^{n_c}$ models in
which the superpotential and the gauge couplings both have the
linear forms. In the the first model where the ground state is
simply the origin for $\partial_i {\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}(z)
= 0$ case, we have a black hole which is asymptotically $AdS_4$
and not attractive $a_i =0$ for all $i$ and $a_0 \ne 0$, whereas
for $a_i \ne 0$ for some $i$ and $a_0 = 0$, the black hole has a
de Sitter background and may have an attractor if all eigenvalues
of (\ref{HessV1}) are strictly positive but $n_c \ne 1$..
Secondly, for $\partial_i {\mathcal{N}}_{\Lambda\Sigma}(z) \ne 0$
case, simply taking $n_c =1$ we also obtain a black hole with
anti-de Sitter background which is attractive.\\

\vskip 1truecm

\hspace{-0.2 cm}{\Large \bf Acknowledgement}
\\
\vskip 0.15truecm \hspace{-0.6 cm} \noindent One of us, B.E.G,
would like to thank T. Kimura and P. Smyth for valuable
discussions. He is also grateful to J. Louis and the people at II.
Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik, Universit\"at Hamburg  for
warmest hospitality during his stay. This paper is funded by ITB
Alumni Association Research Grant (HR IA-ITB) 2009 No.
180a/K01.7/PL/2009 and IMHERE DIKTI Project 2010.

\vskip 0.15truecm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Are flies a significant method of bacterial transmission?
Bacterial, E. Coli, H. Pylori
Epidemiology, Infection control
Last updated: 5 December, 2017
Authors: Martha Powell, Future Science Group
After analyzing the microbiomes of flies, an international team of researchers have reported that these insects could serve as a significant transmission vessel for bacterial pathogens.
Flies have long been assumed to spread disease, however, the microbiome they harbor and transport has remained largely uncharacterized. In this study, recently published in Scientific Reports, the microbiomes of 116 blowflies and houseflies from 3 different countries were analyzed, revealing these flies were carriers for hundreds of bacterial species, including strains pathogenic to humans.
Author, Donald Bryant from Pennsylvania State University (PA, USA) commented: "We believe that this may show a mechanism for pathogen transmission that has been overlooked by public health officials, and flies may contribute to the rapid transmission of pathogens in outbreak situations."
The team utilized high-coverage, whole-genome shotgun sequencing, allowing them to analyze the microbiomes at species level. They discovered the two fly species had an overlapping core microbiome, with a proportion either host-specific or influenced by the environment. In addition, they reported that the legs and wings possessed the largest microbial diversity, demonstrating these to be important routes for microbial dispersion.
In one experiment, blowflies were allowed to land on an Escherichia coli lawn, following which the flies landed on the surface of sterile agar plates. When the pattern of E. coli on the second set of plates was observed after incubation the pattern of E. coli growth matched the footprints, demonstrating that flies can disperse bacteria between landing sites and that the inoculum can persist over time.
Lead author, Stephan Schuster (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore) explained: "The legs and wings show the highest microbial diversity in the fly body, suggesting that bacteria use the flies as airborne shuttles. It may be that bacteria survive their journey, growing and spreading on a new surface. In fact, the study shows that each step of hundreds that a fly has taken leaves behind a microbial colony track, if the new surface supports bacterial growth."
The researchers also discovered 15 instances of Helicobacter pylori, largely in the blowfly samples collected in Brazil, commenting that previously the routes of H. pylori transmission has never accounted for flies as vectors.
First author Ana Carolina Junqueira (Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering) stated: "This is the first study that depicts the entire microbial DNA content of insect vectors using unbiased methods. Blowflies and houseflies are considered major mechanical vectors worldwide, but their full potential for microbial transmission was never analyzed comprehensively using modern molecular techniques and deep DNA sequencing."
These flies could also be used for disease surveillance, Schuster concluded: "The environmental sequencing of flies may use the insects as proxies that can inform on the microbial content of any given environment that otherwise would be hard or impossible to sample. In fact, the flies could be intentionally released as autonomous bionic drones into even the smallest spaces and crevices and, upon being recaptured, inform about any biotic material they have encountered."
Sources: Junquiera ACM, Ratan A, Acerbi E et al. The microbiomes of blowflies and houseflies as bacterial transmission reservoirs. Sci. Rep. 7(16324) doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16353-x (2017); www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-11/ps-fdp112217.php
Disease Transmission Microbiome Vector-Borne
23 November, 2020 0
Antimicrobials: handle with care
19 October, 2020 0
The role of home and the community hygiene to prevent the spread of infection and reduce antimicrobial resistance in developed countries
How can bacterial toxins evolve to infect different tissues?

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Brown Leather Butterfly Chair by Nordal is a design led product that is on-trend. Made of leather woven together to create a comfortable seat that is sturdy through design.
All our products are uniquely sourced from Denmark. We try to keep stock in the UK, but we may sell out due to high demand. If your product is not available we will advise you via email and order it direct from our supplier and therefore the delivery times may vary.


Six months ago it was cold outside and a new legislature was about to be sworn in. That new legislature would be lead by a majority of DFL legislators in both bodies. They set out to work with Governor Dayton to accomplish some common agenda items like balancing the budget without "gimmicks" and to raise the revenue needed to pay for investments in areas like education and health care.
They had differing ideas about how to accomplish these goals. Some wanted to repay all of the school payment shifts; some wanted broad based tax reform. Some wanted the wealthy to pay more (well, all the DFLers wanted that to some degree) and some wanted sin taxes to pick up more of the tab.
In the last week, those competing ideas came to a head in the various budget and tax conference committees. In the last 72 hours, the details of the agreed upon provisions were flushed out. Now we're beginning to digest the particular pieces of the education and tax bills to better understand their implications for school budgets and policy. Check out the highlights of the K-12 Omnibus Bill for funding, taxes and policies.
The old-timer lobbyists like to remind people that in the end, governors are in charge and get most of what they want. Governor Dayton wanted a two percentage point income tax increase on the top 2 percent of Minnesota's earners. He got it despite the House and Senate taking different approaches to income tax increases.
The Governor wanted to close corporate tax loopholes and make other corporate tax changes to bring in additional revenue. He got it.
The Governor wanted to raise tobacco taxes to raise revenue and create an economic barrier for the next generation of kids to start smoking. He got it.
Initially, the Governor wanted major tax code reform and to expand the sales tax to business-to-business purchases. After huge blow-back from the state's business community, he dropped that plan and refocused on the above mentioned items. This also meant dropping about $1.5 billion in property tax rebates.
The Senate DFL wanted some sales tax reform and in the end they were able to get a few pieces of that puzzle. The Senate DFL wanted property tax relief and they got about $400 million in relief that will go to homeowners, renters and restructure the financial relationship between the state and local governments. Cities and Counties will no longer pay sales taxes to the state and local government aid was increased by $80 million. School levies will be reduced by $60 million with new referendum equalization.
The House DFL position of repaying all of the school shifts was scaled back, but they got the major piece of it. The final agreement will take the estimated $295 million on the bottom line for the close of the current biennium and repay as much of the remaining school payment (about $260 million) and the property tax recognition shift (about $560 million) by September 30. Current law will put any additional forecasted surplus dollars shown in the November and February towards repayment of these balances.
The House DFL wanted more state aid for the K-12 classroom and they got it. A hard fought battle to get 2&2 on the formula resulted in 1.5&1.5 going on the formula. School officials have them to thank for this money going into the classroom.
As of Monday morning, the E-12 omnibus bill (HF 630) sits on Governor Dayton's desk awaiting his anticipated signature. The tax bill (HF 677) is still making its way there. An anti-bullying bill (HF 826) will likely make it to Dayton's desk in the final hours of session.
At midnight Monday, they all head home to tell their constituents their version of the story of how it all went down. My version? Not too shabby of a session from the perspective of a public school advocate.


text:
6 Novels That Perfectly Capture the Magic and Grit of Victorian London
by Jess Kidd
Think of Victorian London and chances are you'll conjure drifting smog and a fog-shrouded Thames, labyrinthine alleys and cobbled streets, grand landmarks and tragic hovels. Danger may lurk, wonders may be revealed, fortunes won or lost, and connections made or missed. Chances are this Victorian London of your imagination will be in motion with carts and carriages and characters from all walks of life jostling for your attention—there will be smells and sights and sounds galore. I'd like to introduce you to some authors I love imagining this city I love. Each of these writers has a unique take on it during a unique time. Even as a Londoner versed in the history of my city, I've found diversions and thrills in these pages. Victorian London was a time of extremes, of magic and grit—when innovation and discovery existed alongside crushing poverty and hardship. These writers capture exactly this light and darkness.
The Doll Factory
by Elizabeth Macneal
London at the time of the Great Exhibition is the setting for Macneal's immersive historical novel. Iris Whittle paints china doll faces but dreams of more, and soon she experiences more, her life heightened by a brush with a member of the Pre-Raphaelite brotherhood. For Iris, London is a place of freedom and captivity, opportunity and danger.
Elizabeth Macneal
Set Sail for Distant Places and Times with These 10 Absorbing Historical Fiction Novels
By Alice Martin | July 1, 2020
By Jess Kidd | January 28, 2020
5 Victorian Era Books for the Historical Fiction Fan
By Maddie Ehrenreich | December 19, 2019
The Crimson Petal and the White
by Michel Faber
From the opening pages it is clear that Faber's London is as complex and uncensored, as are the characters that inhabit it. William Rackham, a man with creative leanings and the inheritor of a family trade, embarks on an affair with business-savvy prostitute called Sugar. At home, William's wife, Agnes, is descending into madness and their daughter is in want of a governess.
London in the 1870s. Sugar is a nineteen-year-old prostitute yearning for a better life. Her ascent through the strata of Victorian society offers us intimacy with a host of lovable, maddening, unforgettable characters. Twenty years in its conception, research, and writing, this panoramic, multidimensional novel is teeming with life, and rich in texture. . . . Page Count: 901
by Sarah Waters
The underbelly of London life features wonderfully in this tale. Elements of the sensation novel popularized by the likes of Wilkie Collins can be found here—mistaken identities, hidden secrets, intrigues, and madness. Our heroine's childhood home is a gloomy, lonely, country mansion. The London where she ventures, by contrast, is a dynamic den of thieves and ne'er-do-wells.
Read an LGBTQ+ Romance Novel
Orphan Sue Trinder is raised amongst "fingersmiths"—transient petty thieves. When a fingersmith known as Gentleman asks Sue to help him con a wealthy woman out of her inheritance, she never expects to pity her helpless mark, let alone come to care for her. But no one and nothing is as it seems in this Dickensian novel of thrills and reversals.
by Jon Clinch
Marley is a gloriously dark descent into the roots of the Scrooge-Marley relationship. Described as "a noirish prequel to A Christmas Carol." Clinch breathes new life into these characters in a setting as vividly realized as the story he tells. Clinch evokes all the senses, and as a result London rears up—real and troubling and heart-rending.
The 5 Best Holiday Suspense Novels That Will Chill and Thrill You
By Off the Shelf Staff | December 11, 2019
9 Fantastic Books To Read Based On Your Favorite Classic Holiday Movie
By Alice Martin | December 5, 2019
by Kate Morton
Morton's London is as multilayered and as varied as the voices that tell this story. A child abandoned in the streets of Victorian London grows up to become a thief, a muse, and a mistress. When a Thames-side artists' gathering ends in gunshot, leaving one woman dead and another disappeared, a mystery is created only to be unravelled many years later.
Readers' Choice: Our Top 25 Most Popular Books of the Year!
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By Holly Claytor | July 31, 2020
Indie Bookseller Picks: 5 Books I Love to Read and Recommend
By Karen Bellovich | June 30, 2020
Creativity Chronicles: 7 Books About Art and Artists
By Holly Claytor | March 26, 2020
Charles Dickens's nocturnal wanderings and ceaseless fascination for the London are mapped out here in vivid fiction. His second novel offers a cast of unforgettable characters—workhouse boy Oliver, juvenile pickpocket the Artful Dodger, rotten Bill Sikes, and damned Nancy. And London herself; sprawling, cruel, and absolutely full of darkness and light.
The book is quite harrowing when you think about it - an orphan boy is abused and put through some awful social systems before landing at a wealthy man's home. It's certainly not as "lovely" as the musical OLIVER! which was inspired by Dickens' novel. Part satire, part morality tale, and part fairy tale, the story has inspired so much popular culture and media over the years, yet we still enjoy the proper source material today.
Jess Kidd is the award-winning author of three books. Get more info about her latest novel, THINGS IN JARS, here.


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Herefordshire and Worcestershire Special Educational Needs Disabilities (SEND) Information Advice and Support service (SENDIASS) provides impartial information advice and support on all matters relating to children and young people with SEND.
It's a statutory service, which means it must be provided by law. Every local authority in England has this type of service and what they provide is shaped by chapter 2 of the SEND Code of Practice (opens in a new window) and the National Minimum Standards for IAS Services (opens in a new window)
This service is free, accessible, confidential, impartial and provided at arm's length from the Local Authority.
SENDIASS aims to represent the views of parents, carers, children and young people to feedback to the Local Authority to help shape local policy and practice.
Minimum standards for IASS
COVID-19 guidance and support
Who do we support?
The Herefordshire and Worcestershire SENDIASS service supports
Parents/ carers of children and young people between the ages of 0-25 with SEND
Young people aged 16-25 with SEND
Children with SEND
What support do we offer?
We offer Information, Advice and support about the law on Special Educational Needs and Disabilities and related health and social care.
This covers:
Education Health Care Plan (EHCP) assessments, reviews and funding
Annual reviews, mediation and tribunals
National and local policies
The Worcestershire local offer
Other places that you may find help and advice
We can help you understand how to get the services and support that you need, such as asking for an EHC plan needs assessment
We can also help you prepare for meetings with schools and the Local Authority such as annual reviews.
We can help you get your views across
How can we support?
Our independently trained advisors can support you in these ways:
Over the phone, our telephone helpline is manned between the hours of 8.30am – 4pm. You can leave a message on our 24-hour answer machine service if you are calling out of hours or if the line is busy, and we will call you back.
Via email at sendiass@worcestershire.gov.uk or sendias@herefordshire.gov.uk
Face to face, you can request a meeting with your SENDIASS advisor. Please call the helpline to arrange.
Attend meetings, our SENDIASS advisers are sometimes able to support you at meetings regarding the education of a child with SEND.
Training, we offer training and information sessions for parents, young people and professionals. See our support pages for more information.
Resources, we provide free, easily accessible information about all aspects of SEND in a range of formats including factsheets and how to guides.
Signposting, we can point you in the direction of other information, resources or services that may be of use to you.
Social Media, we post up to date and relevant information that we feel may be of interest to our service users on Facebook and Twitter.
Contact SENDIASS to talk to one of our advisers:
Please ensure that you contact the office of the county in which you live.
Email: sendias@herefordshire.gov.uk
Email: sendiass@worcestershire.gov.uk
All content © 2022 SENDIASS Worcestershire and Herefordshire . Powered by Jadu® Galaxies.


text:
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            Cliente
            Hora de entrada
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Former Intelligence Official On Iran Nuclear Deal
For three decades now, Norman Roule has enjoyed a front-row seat to what U.S. spy agencies know about Iran and its nuclear ambitions. Roule spent his career at the CIA, ending up with the director of national intelligence as the mission manager, the point man on Iran. Roule retired a week ago. In his first news interview we talked about the Iran nuclear deal, which President Trump calls a bad deal, to which Mr. Roule says this.
NORMAN ROULE: Any time you can push back a rogue nation's capacity to develop a nuclear weapon you've done something good.
KELLY: Which this deal does.
ROULE: It does. However, at the same time, we want to make sure that this deal does not constrain ourselves from confronting any other malign behavior. In essence, you don't want to be in a position where you say to someone, if you stop robbing banks we won't put you in jail, but because they've stopped robbing banks they can commit any other nefarious activity and say, well, if you put me in jail, I guess I get to go back to robbing banks.
KELLY: You're speaking to the fact that the Iran deal addresses Iran's nuclear program. It does not address Iran's behavior in other parts of the world, the way that it's contributing to destabilizing behavior across the Middle East.
ROULE: Absolutely. And indeed, the Obama administration and Secretary Kerry and his staff were quite clear from this in the beginning. This is all about constraining Iran's growing nuclear capacity.
KELLY: Is Iran complying with the deal? Are they living up to their obligations?
ROULE: The IAE (ph) has stated in public reports...
KELLY: The international inspectors.
ROULE: The international inspectors - that Iran is executing its JCPOA obligations.
KELLY: JCPOA being the formal name...
ROULE: Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Yes.
KELLY: ...Of the Iran deal. How sure are you of that? I mean, is U.S. intelligence 100 percent confident that Iran isn't finding some way to sneak around the margins of this deal and continue a nuclear program?
ROULE: Thirty-four years of working some of the toughest targets on the planet have taught me the lesson that I should never say that we are a hundred percent sure of anything. But I believe we can have confidence in the International Atomic Energy Agency's efforts.
KELLY: When it comes to intelligence on Iran, I want to ask you about questions that have been raised about whether it has been politicized, questions that as the White House has tried to chart what the path forward will be with the Iran deal and has accepted the consensus of the U.S. intelligence community that Iran appears to be complying with the deal, the White House has said, well, let's go back. Let's look at that. Are we sure?
ROULE: OK, well, let's unpack that.
KELLY: OK.
ROULE: The first is, have policymakers in the Trump and Obama administration repeatedly asked the intelligence community to look at its assessments? Yes. And they should. I have been the point person for U.S. intelligence on Iran with multiple administrations. I have never seen a policymaker attempt to politicize what we produce. I have never had a policymaker turn to me or mine and say, I'd like you to write something that is different.
KELLY: You see no echoes of what happened in the run-up to war in Iraq when the intelligence was politicized.
ROULE: No.
KELLY: Are you confident that U.S. intelligence would know if Iran were cheating on the deal?
ROULE: I am confident that if Iran were to undertake malign activity that anything that could be done to determine this activity has been thought of.
KELLY: So bottom line - based on your three decades looking at Iran and the challenge posed by its nuclear program, you feel the Iran deal is something that the U.S. should stick with.
ROULE: Yes. However, I need to be clear. I also feel that we should make sure that every element of that deal is rigorously applied. Iran's history with the world is littered with broken promises, with lies. There is absolutely no reason to trust Iran. Now, this said, as I talk about the deal itself, there are aspects of the deal that I do believe should be focused upon. And those aspects are driven in part because of Iran's malign regional adventurism and its unacceptably large ballistic missile program.
KELLY: You're basically making the Reagan argument - trust but verify.
ROULE: Distrust and verify.
KELLY: Distrust but verify. What has this first week been like coming in from the cold? You had your cover lifted after three decades just a week ago.
ROULE: It has been difficult. I find myself thinking of my colleagues frequently. I find myself missing their cantankerous debates, their personalities. Every day beginning at 6 a.m. an office I used to work in would open, and often at 8 or 9 at night people were still leaving. They were nonetheless taking care of their children. They would have family issues. And they sacrificed this every day to ensure that the U.S. public received the best information on Iran and regional issues. I tremendously miss them.
KELLY: Norman Roule. He was, until last Friday, the Iran mission manager for the director of national intelligence. Thank you.
ROULE: You're welcome. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.


Made with recycled plastic bottles, the PHI trainers help you walk strong without damaging the earth. Put them on in just seconds, thanks to their elastic finish, and strive to leave a positive footprint in everyone's future. Every step counts.


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The Absolute Best Walk-Up Songs for Baseball Players
By Tyler O'Shea | Dec 02, 2021
It takes time and patience to pick the best walk-up song for you. As a hitter, you want a tune that pumps you up for your at-bat but also showcases your personality to the crowd.
Whether you're a home run hitter or more of a gap-to-gap guy, picking the right walk-up music is essential. Make the wrong choice and, well, you're stuck with it for the entire season.
So, to save you time, we've put together a curated list of choices for ballplayers across the nation – some of which you'll hear echo through MLB stadiums, with others trending across the college baseball landscape.
Here are the best walk-up songs for 2022 – sorted by genre. As a bonus, we've also included some recommended start times.
Hip-Hop & Rap Walk-Up Songs
"Shook Ones, Pt. II" by Mobb Deep
Recommended start time – 0:20
Widely recognized as one of the greatest rap songs of all time, Mobb Deep's famous track will turn heads as you strut to the plate.
"Jump Around" by House of Pain
This is a crowd-pleaser for those who want to get the fans hyped up for their big AB.
"Heart Of A Champion" by Nelly
"Ambitionz As A Ridah" by 2Pac
"Really Really" by Kevin Gates
"Oh Boy" by Cam'ron (feat. Juelz Santana)
"Magic Stick" by 50 Cent (feat. Lil Kim)
"You're Gonna Love Me" by Juelz Santana
"Gave Em Hope" by Meek Mill
"Still Not a Player" by Big Pun
"Can't Be Touched" by Roy Jones Jr. (ft. Mr. Magic & Trouble)
"Party Up" by DMX
"Loud" by Mac Miller
"Badd" by Mike Jones
"Work" by Gang Starr
"Bugatti" by Ace Hood
"Clap Back" by Ja Rule
"Many Men" by 50 Cent
"20 Min" by Lil Uzi Vert
"Make It Nasty" by Tyga
"Victory Lap" by Nipsey Hussle
"Through The Wire" by Kanye West
"Damn It Feels Good To Be A Gangsta" by Geto Boys
The 61 Most Inspirational Baseball Quotes of All-Time
Rock & Roll Walk-Up Songs
"Stranglehold" by Ted Nugent
A true classic, this is one of the more underrated walk-out songs on this list. It'll get you into a steady rhythm, ready to drive the ball into the gap.
"Kashmir" by Led Zeppelin
Diehard MLB fans will remember this as Chase Utley's walk-up song – and who better to emulate at the plate?
"Bombtrack" by Rage Against The Machine
"My Curse" by Killswitch Engage
"Hell Yeah" by Rev Theory
For the Blue Mountain State fans in the crowd.
Degeneration X Theme Song
If you watched WWE as a kid, this is guaranteed to get your blood pumping.
"I Walk Alone" by Saliva
"Missile" by Dorothy
"Paradise City" by Guns N' Roses
"The Frayed Ends of Sanity" by Metallica
"Walk" by Pantera
"Kickstart My Heart" by Mötley Crüe
"Godzilla" by Racer X
"Thunderstruck" by AC/DC
"Click Click Boom" by Saliva
"Enter Sandman" by Metallica
"Meant To Live" by Switchfoot
"96 Quite Bitter Beings" by CKY
"The Anthem" by Good Charlotte
"Smooth Criminal" by Alien Ant Farm
"Do I Wanna Know?" by Arctic Monkeys
"God's Gonna Cut You Down" by Johnny Cash
"Animal I Have Become" by Three Days Grace
Country Walk-Up Songs
"Small Town Throwdown" by Brantley Gilbert
A classic on the pre-game playlist, this song deserves more love from the heavy hitters across the country.
"The South" by The Cadillac Three
"Wild Ones" by Kip Moore
"People Back Home" by Florida Georgia Line
"Thank God I'm a Country Boy" by John Denver
"Kick The Dust Up" by Luke Bryan
"Ready Set Roll" by Chase Rice
More Trending Walk-Up Songs
"Flower" by Moby
National League MVP Bryce Harper walks out to this tune. But it's also known for the viral push-up challenge that holds a special place in the heart of fitness enthusiasts everywhere.
"Buffalo Soldier" by Bob Marley
"The Flyin' Hawaiin" Shane Victorino used this for his days with the Philadelphia Phillies. If you've got a more laid-back personality, this one is for you.
"Let The Drummer Kick" by Citizen Cope
"L'Amour Toujours" by Gigi D'Agostino
"Rompe" by Daddy Yankee
"Gasolina" by Daddy Yankee
You may remember this from the classic "I am 12" scene from The Benchwarmers. Still gets us fired up.
"Stamp On The Ground" by ItaloBrothers
"Booyah" by Showtek
"Numb / Encore" by Jay-Z & Linkin Park
"No Scrubs" by TLC
"300 Violin Orchestra" by Jorge Quintero
Hopefully, this list helps you find your next great walk-up song. Now go out there and dominate this season!
Is there a track we missed? Hit us up on Twitter @JokerMagHQ and we'll add it in.
Deep Tracks You Should Listen To Part II: The Queens' Reign
Deep Tracks You Should Listen To Right Now


And what it most definitely is not!
Why you should become a nudist.
How even occasional naturism enhances your health and how wearing clothing can seriously damage it!
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A guide to the exciting nudist world of exotic beaches, luxurious resorts, fabulous cruises and international friendship.
Full information on important topics such as nudism for singles, couples and families with children, nudism and the law, nudism and health, nudist etiquette, nudism and religion, nudist vacations and travel.And much, much more besides!
Whether you're an experienced nudist, a nudist "wannabe" looking for guidance, a holiday-maker looking for a vacation with a difference, a student of alternative lifestyles and therapies, a casual browser after a fascinating read or just someone trying to keep abreast of the latest trends in a fast moving world, this book is for you.


text:
Янковичи де-Мириево — древний российский дворянский род, сербского происхождения.

Происхождение и история рода
Фамилия Янковичев происходит от знатных и благородных предков королевства Сербии. Когда турки завладели королевством (1459), то большая часть знатных и благородных родов поселились в Венгрии, в числе которых были и Янковичевы, имение которых находилось не далеко от захваченной турками крепости и главного города Белграда, в селе Мириево.

Впоследствии, турки стали нападать на Венгрию и выехавшие из Сербии рода стали активно поддерживать императора Фердинанда I, добивавшегося права управления Венгрией, которое осуществил император Леопольд I, выгнав турок из Венгрии. В знак верности к себе народа сербского, император Леопольд I одарил их великими преимуществами, а императрица-королева Мария-Тереза оказала монаршие щедроты и в память о владении селом Мириево разрешила Фёдору Яновичу и потомству мужского и женского поколения утвердить почётное имя де-Мириево и присоединить его с потомством к числу дворян, находящихся в Римской империи, с выдачей диплома (06 сентября 1774), с включением герба его, изображающего военные подвиги фамилии Янковичевы против турок.

По прошению коллежского советника и директора школ, императорского королевства венгерского дворянина Фёдора Яновича де-Мириево, императрица Екатерина II, соизволила повелеть принять его в российское подданство и чтоб он с детьми и потомством пользовался всеми правами и преимуществами российского дворянства. Его сын Иван Фёдорович генерал, участник войны (1812).

Описание герба
Щит разделён на четыре части, из которых в первой и четвёртой частях, в золотом поле, изображён чёрный одноглавый орёл с распростёртыми крыльями. Во второй и третьей частях, в серебряном поле, горизонтально означены по две полосы красного цвета. В этих полях поставлено на трёх зелёных холмах по одному золотому коронованному льву, обращённому один к другому, которые в лапах имеют меч, вверх поднятый и отрубленную турецкую голову. Щит увенчан дворянским шлемом с дворянской на нём короной, на поверхности которой между двух распростёртых чёрных орлиных крыл виден выходящий коронованный лев, держащий в лапах меч и турецкую голову. Намёт: чёрного и красного цвета, подложенный золотом и серебром.

Герб внесён в Общий гербовник дворянских родов Российской империи Часть V № 136.

Примечания

Дворянские роды, на гербах которых изображены коронованные львы
Дворянские роды, на гербах которых изображены орлы

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Fujitsu unveils new laptops for an enterprise audience
By Desire Athow 2014-06-17T10:38:00.167Z
Part of the Lifebook E series
The new Fujitsu Lifebook e554j
Fujitsu has added two more laptop to its business-focused porfolio, the Lifebook E544/J and the E554/J, both sporting Microsoft's Windows 8.1 Pro as OS.
The only two differences between the pair are the screen sizes (14-in for the first one and 15.4-inch for the latter) and the cost (209,400 Yen - about £1,200 for the E554/j -and 244,100 Yen - about £1,400 for the E544/j).
Sadly though both appeared to be running at a low 1,366 x 768 pixel resolution.
Fujitsu Lifebook U904 review
Notable features include shared internal components (motherboard, BIOS, port replicators, batteries and so on), a wide range of security options (self-encrypting HDD or SSD, fingerprint sensors, smartcard slots etc) and multi-bay slots.
The rest of the specification sheet includes Intel's Haswell-based Core i5, up to 16GB of RAM, 802.11ac, GbE Ethernet and Displayport.
Fujitsu opted to offer a serial port, handy for businesses with legacy, decade-old infrastructure. Both will be made on order and will be available globally towards the end of the month.
See more Laptops news


When the joey leaves the pouch,it stays for several more months on the back of their mother. If you factor all of these together, it actually the picture of health. It is famous for its excellent skiing in the winter, but you will be able to enjoy golf, mountain biking, and rafting during the summer. There are many places to stay because this region has about 20,000 rooms available for all types of budget travel. Especially in developing countries, one of the primary motivations for a region to promote itself as a tourism destination is the expected economic benefit. Eu … calyptus leaves are tough, toxic and low in nutrition, but thekoala has developed a stomach which is capable of removing thetoxins from where they are filtered out by the liver.
These are attractions such as small events like the Blackpool Illumintations or huge events like the Olympics and the Paralympics. Situated in the southwestern part of the country in between the borders of the states of California and Nevada, the Death Valley is the lowest, driest and hottest region not just in the United States, but in the entire North American continent. Alton Towers is only open 7 months out of the 12 in a year because of the weather conditions. The park is located on the outskirts of Birmingham. In the travel and tourism sector, attractions are a vital part as they are what bring in all the tourist from around the world. Culzean Castle and Country Park, Maybole, South Ayrshire The castle and many parts of the gardens and out buildings are accessible to wheelchairs and there are disabled toilets across the estate.
Red Kite Spotting, Cambrian Mountains Bwlch Nant yr Arian forest park in the Cambrian Mountains in Mid Wales is one of the best places in Wales to spot red kites. For men, muscles and for women, large breasts. These are attractions such as small events like the Blackpool illuminations, Glastonbury Festival and huge events like the Olympics. Dont mock them and try telling a few jokes. It's the park's reputation as the perfect family theme park that has earned it a spot on the top ten. There are 4There a different types of attractions. I hope that this helped.
Get it out and walk backwards through a crowd. The , thus far unnamed, falls east to the present capital , the city is projected to host 40 million people by 2050. Events - Events are also attractions that bring in lots of tourists to the area. Places of natural beauty such as , tropical , national , , and , are examples of traditional tourist attractions which people may visit. Visitors can explore a treetop walkway, discover carnivorous plants and see trees like no other, such as the captivating Madagascan baobab. The heat of your body and the carbon dioxide … that you breath out attracts mosquitoes. The site was selected as a compromise between the rival cities of Sydney and , the two largest cities in the country.
Except but believe me in some times being too attractive isn't a mandatory just be hygenic about your lifestyle and many women like personality but that's just on occasions Answer. The prime reason for any civilization to build was for housing. In September 2011, the government of South Sudan approved a project to build a new capital at in state; it is projected that the project will take at least five years. These are attractions such as canals, places of worship, Historic properties and visitor heritage Centres. The new capital city was built on the Sciberras Peninsula between 1566 and 1571, and it was named for the Grandmaster.
By placing the headquarters, planning, operations, personnel, and other various departments together in one location, the Pentagon allows the various functions of the military to better coordinate and share intelligence, planning, and operations and save on the costs of these functions rather than each branch having their own facilities and personnel. Why would you want to be?. Dedicated disabled car parking and ramps are provided to nearly all buildings. The venue is fully wheelchair accessible and Guide and Assistance dogs are welcome. America has many tourist attractions such as the Yellow Stone National Park that is famous for its glaciers, the Grand Canyon of Colorado, and the Florida peninsula that has a comfortable climate and beautiful scenery.
And of course, the beautiful beach is always free. However many of the remains of the ancient buildings that we see today were for religious and in some way a political purpose. Some example are The Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, Smithills Hall and The East Lancashire Railway. Koalas in northernregions are smaller, with less dense fur. It must be open to the public without prior booking, and should be capable of attracting day visitors or tourists -An attraction is a feature in an area that is a place, venue or focus of activities and does the following thing -Sets out to attract visitors -Fun and pleasurable -Provides an appropriate level of facilities and services to meet and cater to the demands, needs, and interests of its visitors -May or may not charge an admission fee. Events play an important part in the tourist attractions and also bring in a lot of income which creates jobs and wealth in the area.
It includes showjumping, cross country and dressarge. Conclusions are in two parts: a discussion of implications for the practice of event management and tourism, and implications are drawn for advancing theory in event tourism. Koalas in southern regions have thick, wool-like waterproof fur tokeep them warm in cold weather and dry in rain. As with all marsupials, the koala has a pouch, where the joey staysafter birth for up to ten months. These are purpose built attractions, natural attractions, events and heritage attractions.
From the traveler perspective, a destination might be perceived quite differently. Petersburg, as the moved back and forth between his Winter Palace and his Summer Palace. There are eleven million people with a disability in Britain and they and their families have a spending power of over £200bn. Situated in Carlsbad just 30 minutes away from the bustling city of San Diego is Legoland California, a uniquely themed park that has become a longtime favorite of families all over the world. Try and become friends with some girls before you s … tart asking them out, this way they think that you are a nice guy and your not just being nice to her to get her to be your girl friend. This is a pretty confusing question, but here's my answer to what I think you're asking:.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for. The Pentagon houses more than 50,000 employees of the Defense Department within its five sided complex. Within cities, rides on boats and sightseeing buses are sometimes popular. Thisoccurred in New South Wales in May, and a few months later inVictor … ia, in August. Hotels and packages are often sold and you will be able to enjoy free concerts and fireworks displays. In 1991, it was moved from in order to provide a capital city that was independent of the three major ethnic groups, the , , and , in an area in the interior of the country. They are also able to see heat radiated from humans.


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Ex Back
3 Tips For Approaching Women in Bars
Here's a personal story about approaching women in bars, by Ben from The Modern Man
https://s3.amazonaws.com/tmm_audio/juice.mp3
Have you been getting positive results when approaching women in bars lately? Listen to the audio clip above as Ben explains the mistakes he made when first attempting to approach women in bars. These mistakes cause women to feel uncomfortable and simply reject your attempts to interact with them.
Here's a bonus video that provides you with 18 tips for approaching women and getting laid from bars and nightclubs:
Approaching women in bars is one of the easiest ways to get laid or get a girlfriend. As long as you know how to attract women when you approach them, you will find it easy to get some action.
However, if you go out approaching women in bars and don't even know how to make them feel attracted to you, it's only natural that most women will reject you or show little or no interest in talking to you for very long.
Approaching women in bars and clubs gets you results immediately because it's just about you and the woman. If you try to approach women via online dating, you are literally competing with 1,000s of guys for the same girl, so her standards go way up.
To put the odds in your favor, try approaching women in bars and clubs…but, make sure that you are ACTIVELY saying and doing the things that attract women. If you aren't going to do that, don't even bother approaching women because you'll most-likely get rejected.
When I first started trying to get some action from bars and nightclubs, I was expecting women to like me because I was a good guy and I was dressed in a fashionable way.
Some women were nice to me and would give me 10-30 seconds of conversation, but once they realized that I didn't even know how to attract them, they would rapidly lose interest in talking to me or simply reject me by saying, "Ummm…can you leave us alone? We're trying to have a girl's night…" or something along those sorts of lines.
When I began to focus on actively attracting women during an interaction, THAT is when things changed. I was still the same good guy, but now I was making women feel sexually attracted to me. THAT is what made the difference.
If you'd like to learn more about approaching and attracting women in bars and other social hotspots, download a copy of The Flow today. Or, if you'd like to hear more from Ben – browse our full product range here.
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Author: Dan Bacon
Dan Bacon is a dating and relationship expert. He knows the secret to attracting and picking up women for sex and relationships, which has allowed him to enjoy his choice of women for many years. Watch this free training and he will share the secret with you.
Dan Bacon used to be hopeless with women. He lacked confidence in himself and couldn't get women to like him. Despite being a good, honest guy, women just weren't interested.
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Ford Field bound: DeWitt football blanks Muskegon to earn state finals trip
Dantonio looks toward future with toughness in mind
Chris Solari
STATE COLLEGE, Pa. – Mark Dantonio began with a slight cough, the effects of what 3 1/2 hours in the cold winds of the central Pennsylvania mountains can bring.
The look on his face? That was the pure frustration of a season's-worth of recanting the same issues, week after week, with few answers or fixes.
"I can't coach toughness," Dantonio said Saturday following Michigan State's season-ending, 45-12 loss to No. 8 Penn State. "It's hard to coach toughness. It's hard to coach effort. It's hard to coach enthusiasm. That has to come from within every single player on our football team. I believe that any coach can coach it over a period of time, but you can't coach it in one day."
The 287 days – 41 weeks, to be precise – will be devoted to re-emphasizing that. Daily. If not hourly.
Three MSU questions: Careful when wishing for coaching staff changes
Because if 2016's motto was "Back2Back," then next year's should be "Back to Basics."
It's not that the Spartans lacked their trademark physical toughness during their 3-9 plummet from the College Football Playoff. Ask Michigan and Ohio State. To make it 11 1/2 games before the wheels entirely fell off and they finally suffered a blowout, they also showed mental fortitude remains. Dantonio went on to express his belief that the players competed week in, week out during the program's worst season since 1982.
That's true. To a point.
There is a distinct difference between knowing how to compete and knowing how to win. It's minute, a fine line. Or, on a 100-yard grid, inches. A phrase every player in Dantonio's program has heard countless times since the losing started in late September.
MSU's departing seniors watched the classes above them go 36-5 between 2013 and last season, one in which the figurative inches became literal as LJ Scott reached across the goal line against Iowa to deliver the Spartans' second Big Ten title in those three years.
Couch: College football counts on MSU, but you can't count on 3-9
That seems much longer ago than a year. Historic levels of losing can alter the space-time continuum in some ways. A 13-week season can feel like 3 minutes on a roller coaster when you're winning; it can feel like an eternity in purgatory when you can't.
Lost with the Shilique Calhouns and Connor Cooks and Jack Allens was more than just their physical gifts and leadership. It was their grit and saltiness that developed during a 2012 season in which many of them – true and redshirt freshmen – watched MSU go from Kirk Cousins and Co.'s success to a team barely above .500 after Cook rescued them in their Buffalo Wild Wings Bowl win over TCU.
Those guys became sophomores and juniors, then seniors. No one predicted the jump to Rose Bowl champions coming the next year. No one would have believed MSU could turn in three straight top-6 finishes. Players used the 2013 offseason to not just develop their talents but also to sharpen their resolve. So this wouldn't happen again while they were on scholarship.
It's the same lessons those returning in 2017 need to discover on their own. Because that chip on the shoulder, the one that Dantonio has preached about for a decade, is only created inside a player's mind and soul.
"Throughout the season, we've had our struggles," said linebacker Chris Frey, who will be a senior come Monday. "But a lot of times, they're saying, 'Michigan State's so young. They're so young. They're so young.' Starting tomorrow, nobody's young anymore. … I think guys are going to realize, 'This is not who we are, and we don't want this anymore.'"
Contact Chris Solari:csolari@freepress.com. Follow him on Twitter@chrissolari.
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Designing a challenge event that is completely unique to your cause is very exciting!
Over the years we have delivered many unique events specific to one charity - whether this is a walking spectacle with over 500 participants to a small intimate cycling challenge for 20 or so major donors - we can tailor a challenge to your needs.
If creating long-term relationships with supporters and developing a repeated event is on your agenda, please do contact us. We can help with event concept, delivery, branding and assist you in creating a mass participation challenge, with regular income on a year by year basis.
The Ridge Walk is now in its 8th year and attracts over 400 walkers. With 3 routes to choose from, participants select their own challenge and tackle the famous Ridge Way National Trail.
The inaugural event was held in 2010 and since then has grown into the charities annual mass participation walking event. Over the last 8 years we have witnessed over 3,000 people tackle the RidgeWalk which has helped raised in excess of £1 million. Working very closely with Sense we have developed the event over the years to introduce new routes to keep the challenge fresh and exciting. We have offered marketing advice and training which has helped Sense in recruitment from the corporate sector – an event and accomplishment we are incredibly proud of!


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Budweiser FIFA World Cup Trophy Hologram – Wembley StadiumDavide2019-03-07T15:54:06+01:00
Budweiser FIFA World Cup Trophy Hologram – Wembley Stadium
Announcing their sponsorship of the Football World Cup 2018 in Russia, Budweiser surprised their exclusive audience at Wembley Stadium with a hologram. MDH's EyeMagic presented the FIFA World Cup Trophy as hologram, showing Budweiser's commitment to the 2018 World Cup in Russia.
The event honoured the UK's football legend Sir Geoff Hurst, the only athlete to ever perform a hat-trick at a World Cup Final. An audience of three hundred VIP invitees including Sir Geoff Hurst was presented with a photorealistic hologram of the Trophy sending a powerful message on the legacy and the future of football.
MDH Hologram's newest product, the EyeMagic, is designed for high ambient lighting, and minimal footprint. Supported by technology partner Studio Tangram, MDH delivered a flawless product and content solution for Budweiser and AB InBev in a minimal turnaround time of less than 5 days.
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Archive for July 30, 2010
Namco unveils "Dead Heat" at the AAMA Distributor Gala
First look at Namco's Dead Heat (click to enlarge)
Way back in March, we found out that Namco was testing a new racing game that was called Dead Heat Street Racing. I found out a little on the game at Amusement Expo but since then we have been waiting to actually see the game. Namco had the slightly renamed Dead Heat title at the AAMA 2010 Distributor Gala and we also have a full run down on what players can expect from the game – which includes some innovative methods at getting players to come back for more. Click below for the details!
Tags: arcade, Dead Heat, Namco, New games, racing games
Namco unveils "Dead Heat" at the AAMA Distributor Gala
World's Fastest Drummer Arcade @ WAMO
The World's Fastest Drummer Arcade is on it's way to seeing a full release as the company behind the game, McAfee Enterprises Inc. (not to be confused with McAfee, makers of anti-virus software) has obtained a cabinet manufacturer to build the needed cabinets. While no final design has been seen for the game at the moment, the prototype version which had been tested a short time ago at the Game Galaxy Arcade in Tennessee was at a recent amusement event in Wisconsin called the Wisconsin Amusement and Music Operators (or WAMO) gathering. There the game was played 156 times, some of which you can see in the video below.
No word yet on when the game will be released but McAfee will be bringing the game to IAAPA this November.
[WFD The Arcade Game website]
Tags: arcade, McAfee Entreprises Inc., New games, World's Fastest Drummer
World's Fastest Drummer Arcade @ WAMO
Screenshots for the new Darius and Pengo
Darius Burst Another Chronicle – sweet mother of awesome (click to enlarge, via Game Watch):
Pengo. I thought this was going to be eight players on one cabinet but that doesn't seem to be the case, at least for the moment. The location test connected four two player stations together.I know an 8-player cabinet would still be large but it would require a little less hardware to invest in. Famitsu has more pictures and a video of the game in action.
Sources: AM.Net
Tags: arcade, Darius Burst Another Chronicle, New games, Pengo, Sega, Taito
Pengo returning to arcades, supports up to 8 players
'Tis the season of classic arcade remakes or sequels, or at least it seems that way. We have the excitement of a new four-player Pac-Man game, a new Darius and now we have another classic returning to arcades with Pengo. I never have played the arcade version of the original Pengo but I remember playing a port on the Atari 8-bit computer as a kid. Pengo may not carry with it strong name recognition like some other Sega games but perhaps that will change with the new version. The original had you pushing ice blocks around, trying to squish the Sno-Bees, who are chasing you. From the pictures it looks like the new Pengo will stick to the same basic formula but support for up to eight players. Judging from the picture above it doesn't look like they are going to push the graphics envelope at all, relying upon the multiplayer aspect to carry it through. We have been talking a little bit lately about four player co-op so this certainly ups the ante – eight-players-on-one-cabinet games in the arcade sector aren't new but they haven't been done in quite a while as far as I know and with the right game, they can not only be a lot of fun, they can hold great earning potential as well. Will that work out with classic graphics though?
Sega will find that out as the game is testing at Club Sega Akihabara right now.
Exit question: In your opinion, what other classic games would work using a multiplayer update?
Via: AM. Net.jp Source: "Today's dinner (with fish) blog"
Tags: arcade, classics, New games, Pengo, retor arcades, Sega
Darius Burst Another Chronicle cabinet revealed
(Thanks to ECM for the tip)
While I wasn't expecting anything on this until tomorrow morning, it appears that all of the info already out on the new has pushed Taito to reveal more on the Darius title early, even though the countdown still has 14 hours left. You can visit the official Darius Site here – the only new reveal is the cabinet image you see above. That's quite an impressive cabinet – there is some sort of force feedback in the seat and the screen configuration hearkens back to the original Darius from 1986. Fortunately it is when cabinets take this approach that make any future console ports have less impact on the arcade market as you would loose the extra wide view unless you are willing to setup two identical flat panels next to each other.
Hopefully we'll have videos of this one in action very soon. I also hope that it gets a release outside of Japan. At the moment there is no indication of such a thing but Elevator Action: Death Parade was that way as well. As long as the price tag on this is far below the EADP then it would be even more feasible. The new Darius will be released in Japan this winter.
Source: ACE
Tags: arcade, Darius, Darius Burst Another Chronicle, Japan, New games, Taito


One speaker said her son was so depressed after struggling with Common Core that she transferred him to a private school.
Hugh Rillie said he is a mechanical engineer and his wife is an accountant. He said they both had a hard time helping their daughter, who attends Highcroft Drive Elementary in Cary, with her math homework on double-digit addition and subtraction.
Rillie said he learned how to borrow and carry numbers in a one-step process. Under Common Core, he said, students use multiple steps to find the answer.
The more-complicated method isn't ideal, Rillie said.
But the decision to adopt the new standards wasn't up to Wake County school leaders, said school board member Susan Evans, who attended the forum. It was a state decision.
She said she has reached out to lawmakers and asked for a closer look at Common Core.
Common Core is designed to establish a single set of rigorous standards for students in kindergarten through high school that prepare them for post-secondary school.
States could choose to adopt the new curriculum. North Carolina adopted the standards in 2010 in hopes of getting a better shot at federal Race to the Top money.
Forty-four states and Washington, D.C. have adopted Common Core.
In February, some teachers and school administrators testified before a North Carolina legislative committee to speak out against the standards.
They said the goals of Common Core were worthwhile, but the program was implemented too quickly. Several lamented the lack of textbooks aligned to the new standards and inadequate teacher training.
Putnam, the Raleigh parent, said her son was accustomed to excelling in school.


This precut-friendly pattern uses half-square triangles to create a diamond and shoo fly block combination design. We love how the scrappy diamonds contrast against the more solid cornerstone fabrics in this sweet project.
Backing: 9-1/2 yards needed. Skill level: easy.


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Q: How to ask moderators to delete a chat room? Two private chat rooms were created in my name. I want to delete those two, but couldn't find a way to do that. After searching I learned that only moderators can do that.
Now how can I ask moderators to delete those rooms?
Links for those rooms are:
link1
link2

A: Inactive or frozen chat rooms are automatically deleted after a certain time (7 days) ...


It is here again..... Bubbly Tuesday!!!
Yoga is a physical, mental, and spiritual discipline, originating in ancient India, whose goal is the attainment of a state of perfect spiritual insight and tranquility!
Let me see what you are doing to make your Tuesday BUBBLY!!!!!
I cant wait to see!!!
Ooo I love yoga!! These pictures are really great, I'd love to be able to do Yoga at a place like that!!!
I have never done yoga before, but it looks so calming. This is going on my to-do list.
i've started doing yoga at my house, at my own convenience. i enjoy classes so much, but sometimes it's hard to make it work.


Lex Zooz - Series of illustrations "North forest.".
quietly. Cold wind will refresh your consciousness.
and tell you their story. Blizzard will give to your soul vital energy.
and maybe there you can hear yourself.