text:
Pictures Of Movie Film Events Toronto
By Red Carpet Events
Home (Main) Other Events Linked
Food Events – Review
Art Events – Review
Theater Events – Review
Music Events – Review
Fashion Events – Review
Find Movie Events
CaribbeanTales International Film Festival 2022
ok these guys are TIFF movie Stars i got on the way home
CaribbeanTales "The Big Pitch"
Toronto, On – CaribbeanTales Media Group, (CTMG) founded by filmmaker, producer & member of the Directors Branch Executive Committee of The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Frances-Anne Solomon announced this year's "The Big Pitch" will take place on September 11th. "The Big Pitch," in partnership with the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF), runs from 9am – 11am and will be followed by CTMG's Red Hot networking mixer (11am-12:30pm). The event takes place at the TIFF Bell Lightbox, Luma lounge.
Nine emerging mid-career BIPOC filmmakers have been carefully selected from CaribbeanTales Black Incubator and Studio Access Project (CTBISAP) and the CineFam Limitless Incubator have been chosen to participate in "The Big Pitch" on September 11, 2022. The highly competitive incubator programs provide opportunities to BIPOC filmmakers to acquire skill sets and training that will help ensure their success & culminates with "The Big Pitch." This year's chosen participants have the opportunity to pitch their projects to a group of industry leaders put together by CaribbeanTales Media Group. The filmmakers will present their projects to top Canadian and international broadcasters and distributors for cash, mentorship, and support for their projects.
WHAT: The Big Pitch in partnership with Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF)
@FrancesAnne
Link To Our Accounts
#iamkvictoria
@#iamkvictoria
#hollywoodnorthtoronto
@hollywoodnorthtoronto
#sashastoltzpublicity
#tiff22
#kvictoria
#livemusic
#toronto
@arcane.toronto
#arcane.toronto
Categorized as actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, CaribbeanTales, CaribbeanTales International Film Festival, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, films, Movie, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party Tagged actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, CaribbeanTales, CaribbeanTales International Film Festival, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, films, Movie, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party
Italian Contemporary Film Festival 2021
Mrs. Apoorva Srivastava
Consulate General of India Toronto
@IndiainToronto
Cristiano De Florentiis
Co-Founder | Artistic Director
Italian Contemporary Film Festival
bilgekelo
johntaskin
@sumeetdhami
#Icff
#italiancinema
#icff21
#icff2021
omnitelevision
rxlling_stxned
illhurteinstein
#icffcanada2021
This year, from June 27th to July 18th, ICFF will celebrate two major milestones; the tenth-anniversary edition of the Italian Contemporary Film Festival and the second edition of the Lavazza Drive-In Film Festival, organized in collaboration with CHIN Radio/TV.
The Festival, in collaboration with the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, will also maintain its special focus on Italian contemporary cinema through notable screenings in several major Canadian cities and virtual experiences offered nationwide through the ICFF digital platform.
Both festivals will take place at Ontario Place in Toronto and in several other cities throughout Canada, including Vaughan, and Montreal.
The ICFF Festival will be a hybrid of in-person and online events available to viewers all across Canada.
The festivals are presented in collaboration with the Embassy of Italy in Canada, the Consulates General of Italy in Canada and the Istituti Italiani di Cultura in Canada.
Categorized as actor, actors, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film reviews, films, Italian Contemporary Film Festival, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews Tagged actor, actors, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film reviews, films, Italian Contemporary Film Festival, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews
The 2016 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS
actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, The 2016 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews, upcoming movies
Categorized as actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, The 2016 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews, upcoming movies Tagged actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, The 2016 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews, upcoming movies
The 6th Annual Italian Contemporary Film Festival
The 6th annual Italian Contemporary Film Festival [ICFF] was held June 9th to19th, 2017 in the Canadian cities of Toronto, Vaughan, Hamilton, Montreal and Quebec City, during Canada's Italian Heritage month. movies.reviewed-rated.com attended and covered events in Toronto. According to organizers, it is among the most important Italian film festival in the world. Its mission is to celebrate the brilliance of Italian contemporary cinema and filmmakers from all over the world.
The film festival included: nine days and nights of cutting edge Italian film & culture, North American premieres, Italian Canadian independent films, Q&A sessions with filmmakers, actors and academics, the exciting Opening Party at Queen Richmond West – Ricarda's and the Closing Black-tie Gala at The Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Toronto which included the Awards.
The Italian Contemporary Film Festival's mission is to promote awareness, appreciation, and pride in the diversity of the Italian culture.
"Festival programs are designed to boost young Italian Canadian filmmakers, actors, and producers offering a showcase for their projects. We strive to strengthen consciousness and build knowledge of Italian identity, history, and language, making Italy visible through international productions and high quality movies produced in Italy and presented at the ICFF. We encourage and support independent filmmakers who examine and explore issues related to the Italian culture.
"The ICFF seeks to provide an open, inclusive and respectful environment for a diversity of views in our programming, in the films we present, in our audience, and in the dialogue we facilitate. We seek to build bridges to other ethnic and religious communities and expand our member base into other cultures.
"ICFF vision is to become the first and most prominent Italian Film Festival in the world."
"The ICFF slate is a diverse collection of new and returning voices all linked by Italian culture," says Artistic Director Cristiano de Florentiis. "This year's films take a creative and multicultural approach to current events and contemporary issues. We're also excited to shine a spotlight on features and shorts by Italian Canadian filmmakers." [www.icff.ca]
Opening Film & Party and Closing Gala:
ICFF has become known in Toronto and the GTA for its great films and the exciting Opening Parties. The Opening Party was held at Queen Richmond West – Ricarda's. The Opening Party featured entertainment, an exquisite culinary experience, and an opportunity to share the passion of cinema.
Opening Film:
The opening film was the Canadian premiere of the comedy Qualcosa di Nuovo or Something New. It was directed by Cristina Comencini. This humorous comedy centres on Maria (Paola Cortellesi) who is spontaneous and naïve – and quite addicted to men. She meets a man who falls into her bed – he is charming, sensitive and mature; however, he is only nineteen years of age. Hence, the laughs begin. Italian actress Paola Cortellesi was well received at the film festival and she received the ICFF 2017 Best Actress Award. Cortellesi said "I'm very humble and sincerely happy in receiving so much love by all Canadians and by the Italian community in this beautiful Country".
Closing Gala:
The Closing Gala at The Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Toronto, a black-tie soirée featured a sit down dinner, after party and stars walking the Red Carpet. The Awards were presented at the Closing Gala. There was also an after party where the stars and the VIPs mingled.
The Awards:
Italian actress Paola Cortellesi received the ICFF 2017 Best Actress Award, while her movies "Something new" and "Mum or Dad?" were shown to appreciative audiences.
Comic and dramatic actor, Leo Gullotta won the prestigious ICFF 2017 Excellence Award – his latest movie "It's the Law" was shown during the festival.
Films Well Received:
"We are extremely pleased that our films were so well received," said Cristiano de Florentiis, artistic director ICFF. "With an average 4/5 rating from guests, Italian contemporary film has resonated with Canadians."
Hollywood actor Danny Aiello joined Toronto born actor and director Frank D'Angelo, along with Giancarlo Giannini and Franco Nero for the world premiere of The Neighborhood.
ICFF 2018
The 6th annual Italian Contemporary Film Festival [ICFF] was hugely successful in celebrating the brilliance of Italian contemporary cinema and filmmakers from all over the world! Check back here for details about next year's festival.
Categorized as actor, actors, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Italian Contemporary Film Festival, Italian Contemporary Film Festival 2017, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews Tagged actor, actors, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Italian Contemporary Film Festival, Italian Contemporary Film Festival 2017, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews
CaribbeanTales International Film Festival
Celebrating the 11th Anniversary: CaribbeanTales International Film Festival
Acknowledges 2016 Award Winners CaribbeanTales International Film Festival
Hosted by: Frances Anne Solomon Filmmaker/Founder, CaribbeanTales, Executive Director CaribbeanTales International Film Festival, CaribbeanTales Incubator Program, Chief Executive Officer, CaribbeanTales Worldwide Distribution, CaribbeanTales-TV, CaribbeanTalesFlix
Best Feature:
Diary of a Badman
Diemiruaya Deniran, Jamaica/USA, 2016, 107 minutes, Canadian Premiere
Best Documentary:
Si Bondye Vle Yuli (God Wiling, Yuli)
Jean Jean, Dominican Republic, 2015, 70 minutes, Spanish with English subtitles, Canadian Premiere
Caribbean Spirit Feature:
Battledream Chronicle
Alain Bidard, Martinique, 2015, 109 minutes, French with English subtitles, Toronto Premiere
Best Actor/Actress:
Jacinth Sutphin as Simone Williams in Diary of a Badman
Best Short:
Ti Coq
Nadia Charlery, Martinique, 2015, Montreal; 22 minutes, French with English Subtitles
Caribbean Spirit Short:
Dreams in Transit
Karen Martinez, TnT/UK, 2015, 30 minutes, English
Best Canadian Presentation:
50 Years of Black Activism
Canada 2015, English, Canadian Premiere, 50 minutes
Presented by The Akua Benjamin Legacy Project and Ryerson University
Executive Producer – Alison Duke
Book of Love: The Legacy of Gwen and Lenny Johnson of Third World Books and Crafts, dir by Sarah Michelle Brown
Charley: The Legacy of Charles Roach, dir. by Laurie Townshend
Dudley Speaks for Me: the legacy of Dudley Laws, dir. by Ngardy Conteh George
Where is Marlene Green, dir. by Ella Cooper
Rosie: The Fearless Rebel: The legacy of Rosie Douglas, dir. Sonia Godding Togobo
2016 CaribbeanTales Incubator Program
Presented by Flow and Co-sponsored by Telefilm Canada and Ontario Media Development Corporation
The 7th Annual CaribbeanTales Market Incubator (CTI) is a development and production hub for Caribbean and Diaspora producers, whose aim is to increase the volume of compelling world-class content from the Caribbean region. Flow is the lead sponsor of the CTI, as part of its commitment to developing the regional industry. And, for the first time, three winning projects will receive pilot funding from Flow.
CTi Incubator Jury 1st Prize
Alain Bidard, Martinique
Battledream Chronicles is an animated science fiction fantasy series adapted from his feature film of the same name. Battledream — the first – feature-length animation from the Francophone Caribbean
CTi Incubator Jury 2nd Prize
Kafi Kareem Farrell, Trinidad and Tobago
Screenwriter and multi-platform media producer Farrell for Big Man Dan, an off-beat animation series.
CTi Incubator Jury 3rd Prize
Juliette McCawley, Trinidad and Tobago (sponsored by the Trinidad and Tobago Film Company)
From actress, director and producer McCawley, Bitter Fruit, is a gripping telenovela full of intrigue and betrayal.
Blockchain Revolution Audience Choice Award*
Alain Bidard
Categorized as actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, CaribbeanTales, CaribbeanTales International Film Festival, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews, upcoming movies Tagged actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, CaribbeanTales, CaribbeanTales International Film Festival, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, toronto film review, toronto movie reviews, upcoming movies
Reel Asian International Film Festival Toronto
Categorized as actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, Reel Asian International Film Festival, Reel Asian International Film Festival Toronto, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, Toronto Reel Asian Film Tagged actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, Red Carpet, Reel Asian International Film Festival, Reel Asian International Film Festival Toronto, toronto film, toronto film festival, toronto film party, Toronto Reel Asian Film
Toronto Film Festival 2015 Parties
Categorized as actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, Red Carpet, tiff, toronto film, toronto film festival, Toronto Film Festival 2015 Parties, toronto film party, toronto film review, upcoming movies Tagged actor, actors, Best Motion Picture, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, Red Carpet, tiff, toronto film, toronto film festival, Toronto Film Festival 2015 Parties, toronto film party, toronto film review, upcoming movies
#AcademySocial with Ben Mulroney about Canadian film + TV
CTV's Ben Mulroney is hosting the interactive event celebrating and recognizing creators of original, sharable, Canadian content for digital media platforms. Mix and mingle with social innovators, stars of Canadian film + TV and find out which social media moment topped 2014.
Date: Thursday February 26, 2015
Venue: Steam Whistle Brewery – The Roundhouse (255 Bremner Blvd)
Time: Doors open at 8PM
Presentations begin at 9PM
The Top Social Moments of 2014 will be voted on live
The Top Social Moment of 2014 will be announced at 11:45PM
Social Surprises, DJ Battles and much more will take place throughout the night
o Ben Mulroney
o Co-hosts of CTV's The Social
Confirmed social innovators and nominees attending include:
o Matthew Santoro: https://www.youtube.com/user/MatthewSantoro
o Andrew Gunadie: https://www.youtube.com/user/gunnarolla
o Jordan Axani: http://jordanaxani.com/
@BenMulroney
@etalkCTV
#AcademySocial
#CdnScreen15
@Academy_NET
@CMPAUpdates
@TouchwoodPR
https://movies.reviewed-rated.com
Categorized as 2015 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, actor, actors, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, film, Film Events, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movie releases, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film party Tagged 2015 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, actor, actors, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, film, Film Events, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movie releases, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, toronto film, toronto film party
Writer/Director INGRID VENINGER CAST of THE ANIMAL PROJECT
Innis College, University of Toronto, The Cinema Studies Institute, and
The Cinema Studies Student Union (CINSSU) Present
An Evening with Writer/Director INGRID VENINGER,
Universal Studios Screenwriter-in-Residence
And the CAST of THE ANIMAL PROJECT
INNIS TOWN HALL (2 Sussex Avenue)
As part of its Universal Studios Screenwriter-in-Residence Program, the public is invited to a special evening with writer/director Ingrid Veninger, and the cast of her most recent feature film, THE ANIMAL PROJECT, which had its premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival, and has been traveling festivals around the globe.
"The evening will be about process", says Ingrid Veninger, "we'll screen THE ANIMAL PROJECT, but beforehand I'll take the audience through the experience of my first meetings with the actors, and the development of the screenplay, which was very particular to this project."
THE ANIMAL PROJECT is a dark comedy centered on a single father, his teenage son, and large furry animals, which tells the story of a Toronto theatre director who attempts to push a group of eager young performers out of their comfort zones.
This event will take place in the newly renovated Innis Town Hall, a 200-seat state-of-the-art cinema located in the heart of University of Toronto's campus. Following extensive renovations, totaling $3.5 million, this will be the first public event hosted in this revitalized space.
The film cast from THE ANIMAL PROJECT will participate in an interactive introduction, and a discussion will follow the screening, moderated by Cinema Studies Professor and Programmer, Kay Armatage.
@gatpr
@jingridupkd
@CINSSU
#MovieReview
movies.reviewed-rated.com twitter.com/film_event
Categorized as actor, actors, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, INGRID VENINGER, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, THE ANIMAL PROJECT, toronto film, upcoming movies Tagged actor, actors, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, film, Film Events, film festival, film festivals, film review, film reviews, films, INGRID VENINGER, Movie, movie releases, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, new movies, new releases, NOMINATED, THE ANIMAL PROJECT, toronto film, upcoming movies
Andrea Martin host 2015 Canadian Screen Awards
Helga Stephenson Chief Executive Officer of Canadian Screen Awards announces The Canadian Screen Awards will be held at the Four Seasons Centre for the Performing Arts in Toronto. Broadcast live on CBC on March 1. Replaced the Gemini awards with
#CdnScreen15 March 1, 2015 on @CBC
2015 Canadian Screen Awards
Andrea Martin to host Canadian Screen Awards in 2015
@Academy_NET @iamandreamartin
Categorized as 2015 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, actor, actors, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, toronto film Tagged 2015 CANADIAN SCREEN AWARDS, actor, actors, canadian actors, Canadian celebrity, celebrity, cinema, festival, film, film review, film reviews, films, Movie, movie review, movie reviews, movie stars, movies, NOMINATED, Red Carpet, toronto film
toronto.red.carpet.events


text:
Andreas Charles Teilman er navnet på flere personer:

 Andreas Charles Teilman (godsejer) (1723-1790) – godsejer og økonomisk skribent
 Andreas Charles Teilman (ornitolog) (1786-1852) – godsejer og ornitolog

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Stuck at login screen in Ubuntu 14.04 When I've start my system, Ubuntu 14.04, my login screen got stuck, with mouse cursor in middle of the screen. However, sometimes system allow me to enter my credential but the results are same and nothing appeared. After reading 1, 2, I've tried to enter in terminal after pressing Ctrl + Alt + F2, but nothing happened and the same screen is appearing. I've attached the screen image below.   I'm using Lenovo Thinkpad E520.

I need your help for this problem. Thank you.

A: I mean no offence but... Did you try restarting your system?
(Also, the two topics are about screen freezing AFTER login, you didn't mention login before your screen froze.)

A: Hey try resetting your display device manager.
Go to terminal first ctrl +alt+f2
check default display manager
cat /etc/X11/default-display-manager
restart a display manager:
sudo restart display_manager
e.g.:
sudo restart lightdm
It may help.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Sam Kenyon (fl. 1855–1874) was a British jockey who was British Champion jockey in 1866, riding 123 winners.  He has been described as "the most fashionable lightweight [jockey] of the mid-Victorian period."  Amongst his key victories were the City and Suburban Handicap on Delight, the Manchester Cup on Retrousse, the Liverpool Autumn Cup on Beeswing and the Goodwood Stakes and Doncaster Cup on Rama.  He never won a Classic, but it has been suggested he would have won th 1869 2,000 Guineas on Belladrum, if he had not defied trainer's orders.

References

Bibliography

British Champion flat jockeys


Summer is cruising by so I hope you have taken full advantage of it so far. This month's exercise is the Cable Woodchopper. Two different versions exist. The handle can be on a high pulley to finish low or, in this case, start low and finish high. More resistance will be needed for the high-low chop and less for the low-high.
I am using a single grip rotating handle attached to the end of the cable, however, I use both hands (right is over the left) to grab the handle. The start position is shown in figure 1. Take a quarter-squat stance with the feet wider than shoulder-width. You should be far enough away from the weight stack such that the weights do not touch each other. Keep both arms straight and the hands about knee high.
The pictures show me starting on the lower left side rotating and extending up high to the right for the finish. This should be one continuous, smooth motion as you pull the handle in a diagonal line, rotating the torso, extending out of the quarter squat with a slight rotation of the hips. Keeping your arms straight and the handle away from your body during this exercise will effectively engage the core muscles. Try ten reps from left to right and then switch to the other side without resting. The resistance should be light if you are trying this for the first time. Do not attempt a one- repetition max because of the spinal rotation factor.
You can incorporate the low-to-high version of the cable woodchopper into a warm-up routine or utilize it in an abdominal workout. Either way, this is an excellent exercise for all the major muscle groups and a great way to increase the heart rate too! Stay cool out there!!


The Department of Community Health Systems promotes and sustains health in the community and workplace, with particular emphasis on culturally diverse and high-risk populations.
We're committed to improving health and health care for those served by community-based health care systems through educating culturally competent nurses, conducting research, and providing services in the community which address the health issues of those underserved by the traditional institution-based health care system.
Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioners (AGPCNPs) are advanced practice nurses who diagnose and manage common acute and chronic primary health care problems.
Provides a foundation for planning and evaluating community/public health programs; learning about community/public health concepts, health promotion, population-level interventions, grant writing, health care systems, leadership, and health policy; addressing health disparities of vulnerable and diverse populations; and practicing and consulting in diverse and multicultural settings.
Every year more than 4,500 U.S. workers die from fatal workplace injuries; over 3 million workers suffer work-related injuries and illnesses, adn about one third of these workers lose work days.
Advanced practice psychiatric nurses provide primary mental health care to patients seeking mental health services in a wide range of settings.
Major studies have explored the effects of premature birth on infants and families, the impact of chronic illness and disability on health-related quality of life, the relationship of stigma on access to care. Other studies have examined the impact of community and patient interventions on outcomes (e.g. self-management of chronic illnesses, health promotion in severe mental illness, lifestyle health behaviors and risk reduction, strategies to manage infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and TB, injury prevention, and drug and alcohol abuse).
Health systems research has focused on key issues such as patient safety, needs of the health care workforce, effectiveness of care delivery models, organizational factors and financial aspects of health care services.
- For the past 10 years, my clinical practice and research program has focused on the occupational health and safety risks facing immigrant workers, including garment workers, hotel room cleaners, and taxi drivers, primarily in the area of psychosocial work factors and musculo-skeletal disorders.
- I'm a national clinical expert in primary care of adults with developmental/mental health disabilities. Together with my colleague Dr. Linda Chafetz, we're innovators of nurse managed practice for mentally ill adults, Primary Care Outreach for Persons with Severe Mental Illness. I'm part of a research team to study health promotion for individuals with mental illness.
- For the past 10 years, my program of research has focused on severe and persistent medical disorders with an emphasis on high risk groups in urban systems of care. These have included a clinical trial to improve general health status of mentally ill by adding a skills training intervention to basic primary care for a community dwelling sample. Current research concerns changes in the population receiving acute psychiatric services in community systems during the past decade and in the context of changes in the service delivery system.
- My current program of research focuses on health and prevention issues of HIV infected individuals, with a special emphasis on quality of care for the urban poor and HIV positive drug users. Current projects include Positive Prevention in Mozambique and the Impact of a Computer-Assisted (Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral to Treatment) SBIRT Program in an HIV Care Setting. The purpose of the SBIRT study is to measure level of alcohol, tobacco and other substance use in an HIV primary care clinic setting.
- As an adult nurse practitioner since 2006 and over 20 years experience in occupational health medicine, my areas of interest and scholarship are: occupational health, impact of prevention and wellness programs; cardiovascular risk factors, sudden cardiac death, career firefighters, work demands, metabolic equivalents, and anaerobic threshold.
- My program of research focuses on improving care and services for the aging population with an emphasis on leadership in nursing homes and long term care settings. Current studies involve an ethnographic study with nursing home Directors of Nursing and a before and after study exploring the effects of the changing built environment of Laguna Honda Hospital on resident (patient), family and staff satisfaction.
- My areas of interest include: Prevention of work-related injuries and diseases, specifically, prevention of hearing loss and other adverse health problems caused by chemical and noise exposure, through the development and implementation of effective behavioral interventions utilizing computer technology and mobile phones; occupational and environmental health education and training; occupational and environmental health disparities in vulnerable population (immigrant workers) and public safety workers (firefighters, police); community and worksite based participatory research.
- My area of research is occupational health, and I am interested in prevention measures of occupational injury and illness. I have conducted studies on risk perception and safe work behaviors, musculoskeletal disorders, pesticide exposure and illness, chemical exposure among hospital cleaning workers, and influenza vaccination among health care workers.
- My recent efforts have focused on the regulatory framework for advanced psychiatric nursing practice and workforce trends in the specialty. I have been a co-investigator in two nationwide surveys of boards of nursing to collect information about legislative and regulatory changes (titling, prescriptive authority, etc.) that impact advanced practice psychiatric nursing (APPN) and to identify state and nationwide trends for APPNs.
- For the past 15 years my program of research has focused on HIV/AIDS with an emphasis on women, health disparities for people infected and affected, symptom management, adherence and stigma. Studies have included women with HIV/AIDS, adherence and stigma issues, and exploration of concepts such as self compassion in the role of adherence. I am currently Director of the Nursing Research Training Program on HIV/AIDS Care and Prevention; Co-Director of The International Center for HIV/AIDS Research & Clinical Training in Nursing, and I am I am active in the International Nursing Network for HIV/AIDS Research.active in the International Nursing Network for HIV/AIDS Research.
- My research focuses on the economics of health care, with an emphasis on the health care workforce. I have led national and state surveys of registered nurses and nursing schools, evaluations of programs to expand the supply of nurses, research on the effects of health information technologies in hospitals, studies of the relationship between nursing and patient outcomes, analysis of hospital services and organization, and assessments of the effects of minimum nurse staffing regulations on patients and hospitals.
- My program of research focuses on health promoting lifestyle interventions in collaboration with public and private community partnerships. I am specifically interested in research with ethnic minority populations and communities. The conceptual foci of my studies include social cognitive theory, socio-ecology, culture, community-based participatory research, diplomacy and democracy. Illness prevention foci include cancer, cardiovascular health, and type 2 diabetes. Study interventions focus on community-based physical activity, nutrition and health education enhanced with technology, interpretive pedagogy and storytelling.
- I am the Robert C. & Delphine Wentland Eschbach Endowed Chair in Mental Health. My program of research focuses on the interaction between biological and psychological factors as they impact the mental health of children and adults. I am currently examining precursors of affective disorders in early childhood, including the ways in which genetic, neuro-endocrine, and autonomic nervous system vulnerabilities interact with adverse events such as stress or trauma during pregnancy and infancy. I am also studying the effects of harsh/painful, stimulating and comforting types of touch on stress reactivity, neuropsychological development, and mental health outcomes.
The International Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Clinical Training in Nursing is an inter-departmental and multi-disciplinary effort, committed to research, education, and care of persons with HIV.
Located in and around San Francisco, our five faculty practices provide care and services for the neediest people in our community, those normally underserved by more mainstream health care systems, including the homeless and mentally ill. These practices also serve as vital educational placements for students to gain clinical experience in complex community environments.
Faculty practice includes all aspects of the delivery of health care through the roles of clinician, educator, researcher, consultant, and administrator. Faculty practice activities encompass direct nursing services to individuals and groups as well as technical assistance and consultation to individuals, families, groups and communities. Student practica and residencies as well as research opportunities for faculty and students are established components of faculty practice.
A distinguishing characteristic of faculty practice within CHS and the School of Nursing is the belief that teaching, research, practice, and service must be closely integrated to achieve excellence. Faculty practice provides the vehicle through which faculty implement these missions.
The nurse-managed Glide Health Services provides free medical care to the city's homeless and underinsured.
The nurse managed Primary Care Outreach for the Mentally Ill (PCOM) is a faculty practice in partnership with Progress Foundation providing primary care services to individuals with serious mental illness in community-based residential treatment programs.
The faculty practice at the UCSF Ambulatory Care Clinic in the Division of Internal Medicine provides full service primary care for adults with complex, multi-system medical problems.
The faculty practice at the UCSF Ambulatory Care Clinic Division of Pulmonary Medicine focuses on care of adult patients with lung diseases.
The faculty practice at the UCSF Positive Health Program serves HIV infected patients. The practice provides Primary HIV/AIDS Care, onsite specialty care, psychiatric care, case management, and care coordination, for patients that are low income and have multiple co-morbidities.


Puppies in dreams are fertility symbols, often associated with boys they can also hold a strong association to babies in women's dreams in fact, women often dream of"Birthing" puppies!
Dreaming of a puppy's leg or paw, means you will underestimate.
Puppies may represent playfulness, dependency, and carefree fun please look up dog in order to obtain a full range of possible interpretations.
Puppy (young dog) symbolizes spontaneity, innocence, trust and affection. Dreaming of puppy or puppies usually means, that you will be asked not to reject friendly courtesy from other people.
– Dreaming of puppy: you will help to innocent and unlucky people and for that you will get a gratitude; – Also puppies in dream can be symbol: for an invitation to a fun party; – If so, then: dreamer will be happy with these people there, but not intimate; – If puppy or puppies are awake: you can look forward to strong bonds of friendship and growing wealth; – Dreaming of pathetic puppy: there is threat of loss.
– Nothing about puppies in hindu culture.
– None interpretation of puppies in dreams from arabic & islamic cultures.


The Securities and Exchange Commission instituted cease-and-desist proceedings against Ameriprise Financial Services, finding that the firm failed to adopt and implement policies and procedures to protect or safeguard investor assets against misappropriation by firm representatives, including several advisors and brokers FINRA previously sanctioned for stealing from their Ameriprise clientele.
The SEC identified the rogue representatives who allegedly stole client assets as Barbara Josephine Stark, Susan Elizabeth Walker, Jeffrey Scott Davis, Justin Matthew Weseloh, and Jennifer Rebecca Lustig Johnson; FINRA previously barred all five from the securities industry.
The cease-and-desist order follows several recent disciplinary measures against Ameriprise Financial representatives, such as FINRA's bar and the eventual arrest of broker James Edward Knee for allegedly stealing over $200,000 from his elderly client.
Earlier in 2018, FBI agents arrested ex-Ameriprise broker Li Lin Hsu from Diamond Bar, California, for her role in defrauding clients by embezzling or outright stealing investor funds, while FINRA barred then-Ameriprise broker Larry Martin Boggs for churning several elderly client accounts by changing their investment objectives and risk tolerance preferences before initiating aggressive short-term trades, driving up commissions and fees while producing additional customer losses.
As relates to present SEC order #3-18642, FINRA, for instance, fined Ameriprise $850,000 in 2016 for failing to detect Weseloh's conversion, noting that the firm "failed to exercise reasonable diligence in supervising the transmittal of customer funds to third-party accounts."
In its present cease-and-desist order, the SEC agreed with FINRA's summation, writing that Ameriprise's automated surveillance tools designed to detect potential fraud by misappropriation did not function properly while a related system was inadequate, meaning that the firm failed to detect the misappropriation of at least $1 million in client funds by at least five representatives.
According to the SEC, the primary system—Amerprise's Fraud Early Detection System (FEDS)—failed to fulfill its purpose of detecting when a rogue broker had improperly replaced client addresses on an account with new addresses which the representative personally controlled.
The SEC described the second system as an automated transaction-based analysis tool, which essentially would allow the firm to identify when a representative attempted to redirect a cash disbursement or distribution from a client's account to another account, ordinarily a third-party entity controlled by the representative.
SEC wrote that Stark and Walker participated in 600 fraudulent transactions and misappropriated $1 million in client funds by forging client signatures on Ameriprise forms, such as forms used to change a client's mailing address and those used to disburse or wire transfer funds, both violations that FEDS or the analysis tool should have flagged for review.
Davis defrauded at least five Ameriprise clients, according to the report, and misappropriated $200,000 by attempting to wire himself funds from client accounts, going so far as to direct the transfers to DGP Group LLC, an entity he controlled.
Weseloh allegedly defrauded another five Ameriprise customers by misappropriating a total of $676,000 from client accounts through unauthorized wire transfers and forged client signatures on various Ameriprise forms. Although some of these forgeries were flagged, SEC wrote that Ameriprise failed to adequately investigate the potential misconduct, such that the fraudulent transfers, though flagged, were nonetheless permitted to take place.
According to the FINRA AWC barring Weseloh from the industry, his misconduct only came to light when a colleague at Weseloh's The Partners Group found evidence of attempted forgery in a trash can at the office.
Finally, Johnson allegedly misappropriated $21,000 by arranging for unauthorized check disbursements to a third-party entity called Johnson Builders, which Johnson controlled. The report states that Ameriprise knew of Johnson Builders' existence, but failed to detect the doctored documents or fraudulent misappropriation.
As suggested by the more recent Knee, Hsu, and Boggs bars and arrests, the SEC's findings of inadequate procedures at Ameriprise Financial Services may be indicative of more widespread systemic deficiencies.
If you have invested with a broker or financial adviser at Ameriprise Financial Services or at any firm whose failure to detect fraudulent activities, such as theft by misappropriation or conversation, has proven harmful to your investments, please call The Law Offices of Jonathan W. Evans & Associates at (800) 699-1881 for an investigation and consultation.


There are newer communities within Montgomery County that the Scheib Team would love to show you. Each has its own signature take on innovative new living choices, particularly the Graystone Hills development in Conroe.
Graystone Hills is one of the newest master-planned developments in the North Houston/Conroe area. The hilly topography and easy access to Interstate 45, make it a top option among those who are seeking scenic woodland views and higher ground upon which to build their homes.
Centrally located just west of Interstate 45, this 331-acre development is also known for its greenbelt trails, parks, and resort-style swimming pools and lounge areas. It is also a widely progressive community, featuring top name schools in the Conroe Independent School District.
The heart of the community is its beautiful lodge-style clubhouse. Here you'll find a park and playground as well as a pool and water play area for the kids, a meeting room, and so on. Graystone Hills is zoned to the Conroe Independent School District and it's notable for being home to Geisinger Elementary, a National Blue Ribbon School. Adjacent to the community is Harold Cryar Intermediate and both Conroe High and John Peet Junior High are within a few minutes' drive.
Conroe ISD is one of the best school districts in the state and has earned a "Recognized" rating from the Texas Education Agency.
Developed by the Friendswood Development Company, the single-family homes in Graystone Hills are being built by some of the foremost builders in the Houston area.
Home styles draw from classic American architectural traditions and incorporate elements from everything from Victorian to Art Deco. Graystone Hills has a dream home waiting for you. Connect with the Scheib Team today to learn more about your options here.


text:
Q: How to pivot or transform data in ArrayType format in pyspark? I have data in following format:
|cust_id |card_num |balance|payment |due  |card_type|
|:-------|:--------|:------|:-------|:----|:------- |
|c1      |1234     |567    |344     |33   |A        |
|c1      |2345     |57     |44      |3    |B        |
|c2      |123      |561    |34      |39   |A        |
|c3      |345      |517    |914     |23   |C        |
|c3      |127      |56     |34      |32   |B        |
|c3      |347      |67     |344     |332  |B        |

I want it to be converted into following ArrayType.
|cust_id|card_num     |balance    |payment    |due        | card_type|
|:------|:--------    |:------    |:-------   |:----      |:----     |
|c1     |[1234,2345]  |[567,57]   |[344,44]   |[33,3]     |[A,B]     |
|c2     |[123]        |[561]      |[34]       |[39]       |[A]       |
|c3     |[345,127,347]|[517,56,67]|914,34,344]|[23,32,332]|[C,B,B]   |

How to write a generic code in pyspark to do this transformation and save it in csv format?

A: You just need to group by cust_id column and use collect_list function to get array type aggregated columns.
df = # input
df.groupBy("cust_id").agg(
        collect_list("card_num").alias("card_num"),
        collect_list("balance").alias("balance"),
        collect_list("payment").alias("payment"),
        collect_list("due").alias("due"),
        collect_list("card_type").alias("card_type"))


text:
<?php
/**
 * Athene2 - Advanced Learning Resources Manager
 *
 * @author      Aeneas Rekkas (aeneas.rekkas@serlo.org)
 * @license     MIT License
 * @license     http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT The MIT License (MIT)
 * @link        https://github.com/serlo-org/athene2 for the canonical source repository
 */
namespace Contexter\Router;

use Contexter\Adapter\AdapterInterface;
use Zend\Mvc\Router\RouteMatch;

interface RouterInterface
{

    /**
     * @param string $url
     * @param string $type
     * @return RouteMatchInterface[]
     */
    public function match($url = null, $type = null);

    /**
     * @return AdapterInterface
     */
    public function getAdapter();

    /**
     * @param string $uri
     * @return RouteMatch
     */
    public function matchUri($uri);

    /**
     * @param RouteMatch $routeMatch
     * @return self
     */
    public function setRouteMatch(RouteMatch $routeMatch);

    /**
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasAdapter();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


"Did the front of my home, absolutely excellent job. Highly recommend Vaughn and Chris. If you do pop in, ask Vaughn about his John Travolta product."
Thank you so much for your help. We are really pleased with everything from customer support to the installation of the windows and door.
The planning and organisation was detailed and professional. I would have no hesitation recommending Craftglaze to others.


Would you like to play all cars in one game for free?
There is a great gift for you and your kids.
Meet the *Cars in Gift Box a free app for kids*.
Welcome to the Thematica's Cars Party! There is a great cocktail for you.
We've made a free mix of cars to give you a chance to enjoy playing with Thematica. All cars are free, no in-app purchases. Just download and have a nice play!
Just try playing if you haven't done it yet! Traditionally doing different tasks your kid gets stars. Don't be afraid of the little player's misunderstanding of the tasks. His intuition and propmting posters on the background will help him to overcome all difficulties.
The new app becomes merrier because of colorful and cheerful background.
*Stimulates kid's creativity and problem-solving skills.
*Makes the educational process about cars, trucks, rovers unusual and interesting.
*Has a colorful graphics and exciting sounds.
*An unusual and interesting way to learn about different vehicles.
*Fun to play again and again.
*Exciting and realistic vehicle sound effects.
*Cars in Sandbox: Construction* - is a fun way to learn about construction vehicles.
*Guess the Dress* - will educate your kid to dress according to weather conditions.
*Space rovers* - amazing space adventures with cute mars rover Curiosity.
*Firetrucks: 911 rescue* a become a little fireman and fight the toy fire.
If you have problem downloading Cars in gift box (free educational and fun app for kids), stop using your download manager and download directly from browser. Check also your firewall, proxy settings, because some download mirrors may require that you do not block the HTTP referers.


text:
More in Satellite Images
See Pic: NASA Shares Beautiful Image Of A Sparkling Dwarf Irregular Galaxy
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration recently shared a breathtaking image of a sparkling dwarf irregular galaxy that's 59 million light-years away from us!
Amazon Rainforest Fires: What Caused Them And What Does Brazil's President Have To Say About It?
Meanwhile, if you try googling "Amazon Fire" you'll be flooded with results on the Amazon Fire Tablet, so good luck there
Dangerous Debris From India's Anti-Satellite Test Is Still Orbiting In Space
Half of the debris from India's Anti-satellite Test still exists in the orbit and will be there for a full year before it falls back down to Earth.
Aug. 12, 2019, 1 p.m.
Astronomers Are Worried That Elon Musk's SpaceX Satellites Would Destroy The Night Sky
Although the whole idea around Starlink Satellite train is quite groundbreaking, it has managed to upset astronomers who think the Starlink satellite is destroying the night sky view.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Last edited by Nikozil
2 edition of Directory of the Commission of the European Communities. found in the catalog.
Directory of the Commission of the European Communities.
Commission of the European Communities.
by Commission of the European Communities.
Published 1986 by Commission of the European Communities .
This Communication defines the objectives of the Commission in the framework of the relations between the European Union and Latin America in view of the 3rd Summit of Heads of State and Government of the European Union and Latin America, to be . The European Council of March invited the Commission to bring forward a proposal for a common EU approach to the use of passengers' data for law enforcement purposes. This invitation has been reiterated twice, namely on November in The Hague Programme and at the extraordinary Council meeting of 13 July A European.
Get this from a library! Directory of higher education institutions in the European Community = Répertoire des établissements d'enseignement supérieur dans la communauté européenne. [ERASMUS (Organization); Commission of the European Communities. Task Force Human Resources, Education, Training, and Youth.;]. (16) The Commission asked Italy for further clarifications by letter dated 22 August Italy replied by letter dated 28 September (17) The Commission decision to initiate the procedure was published in the Official Journal of the European Union4. The Commission invited interested parties to submit their comments on the measures.
(5) The Commission Regulation / of 3 February and the Regulation (EC) No / of the European parliament and of the Council, of 10 June , specify the non-financial quarterly data for general government that shall be transmitted to the Commission (Eurostat) by Member States. The EMFF is the fund for the EU's maritime and fisheries policies for It is one of.
Pattern for a heroine
Profile and prospects of the biopharmaceutical industry in Atlantic Canada
Sailing on Winds of Change
Transnational corporation linkages in developing countries
Final report and recommendations to the Governor and the 1981 General Assembly
dead cities of Sicily
The Last Essays Of Elia
Academic entrepreneurship in Europe
Latin America, its people and institutions
Overall economic development program for First Tennessee Economic Development District
Michael and the cats
Directory of the Commission of the European Communities by Commission of the European Communities. Download PDF EPUB FB2
Directory of the Commission of the European Communities. DisplayLogo. Publications Office of the European Union.
Subject: European Commission, organisation chart; ISSN ISBN DOI Catalogue number; Paper CBEN-C View more View less. Directory of the Commission of the European Communities. DisplayLogo. Publications Office of the European Union. Directory of the Commission of the European Communities EU publications.
Publication metadata Download and languages. Available languages and formats. Available languages and formats. The addresses of information offices in the Community and non-member countries are shown in the annex.
The structure of the Commission departments, showing their locations and the names of the persons in charge. The addresses of information offices in the Community and non-member countries are shown in the annex. The structure of the Commission departments, showing their locations and the names of the persons in charge.
The addresses of information offices in the Communi Directory of the Commission of the European Communities. Download COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES book pdf free download link or read online here in PDF. Read online COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES book pdf free download link book now.
All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so don't worry about it. The official directory of the European Union European Commission Download. Court of Justice of the European Union Download. European Central Bank Download.
European Court of Auditors Download. European External Action Service Download. European Economic and Social Committee. Directory of the Commission of the European Communities FEBRUARY Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication The information in this Directory was correct at the time of going to press but is liable to change Commission of the European CommunitiesFile Size: 2MB.
Contact the European Commission. Contact a department. +32 2 11 11 from to CET. (Commission switchboard) List of departments Local offices in the EU Local offices outside the EU.
Commission staff. Find a staff member. Press contacts and accreditation. Data controller. If you want to verify, modify or delete your personal data. The official website of the European Commission, providing access to information about its political priorities, policies and services.
The Commission of the European Communities has established the Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD) as one measure for reducing energy consumption 20% in the region of the European Union by of the European Communities Special Supplement Directory EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Commission.
2 The information contained in this Directory is intended only as a guide for the reader and may be changed. CONTENTS The Commission Delegation of the Commission of the European Communities to the International Organizations in Geneva. Directory of the Commission of the European Communities FEBRUARY Directory of the Commission of the European Communities Office for Official Publications of the European Communities Annex Index of names 4 73 77 79 81 83 Rue de Ia LoiBruxelles WetstraatBrussel President.
The information in this Directory was correct at the time of going to press but is liable to change Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, ISBN European Communities - Commission •.
OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES. The information in this Directory was correct at the time of going to press but is liable to change Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, ISBN Catalogue number: CBEN-C Printed in Luxembourg Reproduction authorized, in whole or in part, provided the source is acknowledged.
The information in this Directory was correct at the time of going to press but is liable to change. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, ISBN Catalogue number: CBEN-C Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged.
Regional Development in the Community [Commission of the European Communities] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying : Commission of the European Communities.
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, COM () final / (COD) Proposal for a EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION establishing a Community action programme to promote activities in the field of the protection of the Community's financial interests (presented by the Commission). COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL Enlargement Strategy and Main Challenges 1.
INTRODUCTION Enlargement is one of the EU's most powerful policy tools. It serves the EU's strategic interests in stability, security, and conflict Size: KB. The Commission proposal of for the European Community's accession to COTIF was transmitted to the Council and European Parliament on 17 November On 10 Marchit received a favourable opinion of the European Parliament, who approved it without amendment after first Size: 58KB.
The list of basic instruments concerned by the priority alignment is set out in the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council of 22 December The Commission has already presented all.
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, SEC() 54 C/09 COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Ex-Ante Evaluation for establishing a Community programme to support specific activities in the field of financial services, financial reporting and auditing accompanying document to the Proposal for a.COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, SEC() final / (COD) / (COD) / (COD) COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT pursuant to the second subparagraph of Article (2) of the EC Treaty concerning the the common positions adopted by the Council .COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, COM() final COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS An Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union.
forabetterchicago.com - Directory of the Commission of the European Communities. book © 2020


text:
SUTULA, SONIA (BILLEY)
Sonia (Billey) Sutula, 68, of Mountain Rd., West Suffield, beloved wife of 50 years to former Suffield Police Chief Frank P. Sutula, died Tuesday, (September 19, 2000) at St. Francis Hospital, following a three year illness. Sonia was born in Boston, MA, daughter of the late John and Anna (Szuflat) Billey. She moved to Windsor Locks as a child and was a graduate of Windsor Locks High School in 1949. On September 23, 1950, she married Frank and lived the duration of her life in West Suffield. She owned and operated Sutula's Driving School in the 1960's and was also a Real Estate Agent. She was the owner and President of Suffield Caterers for 25 years and later owned and operated the Passport Restaurant in Windsor Locks, for 23 years. Besides her husband, Frank, she is survived by three daughters, Darcey Parker and her husband, William of Suffield; Janice Sutula of West Suffield, and Christine Horanzy and her husband, James of West Suffield; two grandchildren, Jaymeson and Erin Horanzy. Private funeral services were held at the Windsor Locks Funeral Home, 441 Spring St., Windsor Locks. Burial was in St. Joseph's Cemetery, Poquonock. Memorial donations may be made to Suffield Ambulance Association, P.O. Box 388, Suffield, CT 06078, or a perennial may be sent to 1273 Mountain Road, West Suffield, CT 06093, a garden memorial will be started in Sonia's name, in memory of her love of flowers, or to the Suffield Police Association, 911 Mountain Rd., Suffield, CT 06078.


text:
Q: How to Test and mock an recursive method? I try to mock this method, but I can´t figure out how to structure this...
I use Mockito and jUnit.
Is there some way to do this in a easy way?
Many thanks.

public Object getColumnValue(ReportRow row, String columnId, Vector errors)
{

        if (HSBC_PAYREC.equals(columnId)) {
            String s = (String) getColumnValue(row, "Pay/Rcv", errors);
            if (s != null) {
                if (s.equals("Pay")) {
                    return "Receive";
                }
            }
            return "";
        }
}

A: Because you're testing the system under test, it doesn't really ever make sense to mock the system under test. I think it's fair to say that this includes mocking recursive calls to the system under test. (Besides being philosophically very strange, you might have a very hard time ensuring that you're calling the unmocked version from the test while ensuring the unmocked version calls the mocked version when it tries to call itself.) Your best bet is to restructure your test so that the recursive behavior is part of your expected behavior.
That said, and though it does make the code harder to follow, you do have two alternatives. One involves a partial mock:
public Object getColumnValue(ReportRow row, String columnId, Vector errors) {
  if (HSBC_PAYREC.equals(columnId)) {
    String s = (String) getColumnValueRecursively(row, "Pay/Rcv", errors);
    if (s != null) {
      if (s.equals("Pay")) {
        return "Receive";
      }
      if (s.equals("Receive")) {
        return "Pay";
      }
      return "";
    }
  }
}

/** For testing. */
Object getColumnValueRecursively(ReportRow row, String columnId, Vector errors) {
  return getColumnValue(row, columnId, errors);
}

And in the test:
@Test public void yourTest() {
  SystemUnderTest yourSystemUnderTest = Mockito.spy(new SystemUnderTest());
  doReturn(yourMockedValue).when(yourSystemUnderTest).getColumnValueRecursively(
      /* your recursive base case */);
  // ...
}

Technically, I suppose you could do that without creating the indirect recursion, but then you're switching behavior based on parameters and that makes it harder to ensure your test is valid. Your other option is equally tricky:
SystemUnderTest recursiveInstance = this; // replace with a mock within test

public Object getColumnValue(ReportRow row, String columnId, Vector errors) {
  if (HSBC_PAYREC.equals(columnId)) {
    String s = (String) recursiveInstance.getColumnValue(row, "Pay/Rcv", errors);
    if (s != null) {
      if (s.equals("Pay")) {
        return "Receive";
      }
      if (s.equals("Receive")) {
        return "Pay";
      }
      return "";
    }
  }
}

A: In order to mock the recursive call, you could use an indirect recursion, like this:
private Object indirectGetColumnValue(ReportRow row, String columnId, Vector errors) {
    return getColumnValue(row, "Pay/Rcv", errors);
}

public Object getColumnValue(ReportRow row, String columnId, Vector errors) {

if (HSBC_PAYREC.equals(columnId)) {
    String s = (String) indirectGetColumnValue(row, "Pay/Rcv", errors);
    if (s != null) {
        if (s.equals("Pay")) {
            return "Receive";
        }
        if (s.equals("Receive")) {
            return "Pay";
        }
    }
    return "";
   }
}

You can then mock the indirectGetColumnValue method. I am not saying that this is the preferred method, as you make your code less readable by introducing this indirect recursion call. But, it's one way to test it.


These are the general terms of hiring a bicycle with Cycle Sierra Nevada.
These are the general terms of hiring a bicycle with Cycle Sierra Nevada. However the full Terms & Conditions of Bicycle Hire are set out below and these supersede the general terms.
Bikes and equipment can only be hired from Cycle Sierra Nevada on completion of a Hire Agreement Form or by accepting our hire conditions on our online booking portal along with credit card details, before the hire period.
Cycle Sierra Nevada are not responsible for injury or damages caused to/by the client during the hire period.
A fine will be incurred by the hirer in the event of a late return of hired bicycle (details of which are set out below).
Accidental insurance cover is priced at 15 Euros per week and 2 Euros per day thereafter. Theft or broken frame is not covered by the insurance and the hirer is fully responsible for incidental theft or failure to return a cycle.
It is a legal requirement to use a helmet whilst cycling in Spain and are provided inclusive with cycle hire free of charge if requested.
All cycles come with one spare tube and a pump with hire. However a charge of €5 is incurred if the tube is used. Any items not returned will incur a charge of €20 per item not returned.
All cycles are presented in immaculate working order set up by professional mechanics, and, whilst Cycle Sierra Nevada accept general wear and tear during hire, any cycle returned with excessive cleaning required will result in a €25 charge to the client.
Theft and damage caused to any cycle will be charged to the hirer. This cost will amount to the loss incurred to Cycle Sierra Nevada, and not the retail value of any cycle part or frame.
Full payment must be made at time of booking and only refundable 4 weeks prior to the hire period [unless doctors note or proof of travel curtailment].
1.1 Cycle Sierra Nevada aim to provide high quality specialist bikes for hire. To achieve this at a reasonable cost we ask our customers to treat the equipment responsibly.
1.2 Bikes and equipment can only be hired from Cycle Sierra Nevada on completion of a Hire Agreement Form or by accepting our hire conditions on our online booking portal. B reserves the right to take the customer's Credit Card details to hold as security until the bike is returned in the condition it was hired out in. Upon acceptance of these Terms & Conditions a binding contract is formed between Cycle Sierra Nevada and the hirer. Cycle Sierra Nevada reserve the right not to accept or to fulfill a Booking.
1.3 All Bookings are subject to availability. When a Booking is made by one person on behalf of another person or people that person confirms to Cycle Sierra Nevada that he or she has the authority to make such a booking.
1.4 The Hire period commences on the day the cycle(s) and equipment is collected or dispatched to you and continues until the cycle(s) and equipment is returned to Cycle Sierra Nevada.
2.1 You are responsible for ensuring that you are physically fit enough to undertake cycling any distance or compete in events using Cycle Sierra Nevada Cycle(s) or Equipment you have booked. Cycle Sierra Nevada does not accept any responsibility for your failure to complete your Hire period due to lack of fitness, illness or injury. Cycle Sierra Nevada does not accept liability for death, personal injury, loss or damage to personal effects to any participant, nor can Cycle Sierra Nevada accept any responsibility for delays or changes to your period of Hire due to weather, strikes, war, terrorism or other causes.
2.2 You accept that cycling on a public highway and competition on such carries its own risks and you have made your booking on the basis that you undertake the Hire at your own risk. You understand and accept that wearing of cycle helmets is mandatory at all times when riding in Spain.
2.3 You will ride your cycle responsibly at all times. You will not hold Cycle Sierra Nevada responsible for any loss, damage or injury including death to persons or property with regard to the use of the cycle(s) and equipment hired. You accept responsibility to Indemnify Cycle Sierra Nevada against any claim, interest, demand or expense in respect of such injury or damage.
2.4 You will ensure that you have suitable Insurance cover at all times during the period of your hire. Cycle Sierra Nevada may offer Insurance as part of it's offer and will only use a reputable and affiliated Insurance provider.
2.7 You will notify Cycle Sierra Nevada immediately of any loss, damage or theft to the hired cycles or equipment however caused. You will be responsible for paying Cycle Sierra Nevada the reasonable costs of repair or replacement for any such loss, damage or theft.
2.9 Cycle Sierra Nevada staff are usually available by phone or email to help out with any problems during the hire period; however it is the customer's responsibility to assemble, set up and keep a check on the bike they have hired. Whilst Cycle Sierra Nevada will always do it's best to have staff available during the hire period this cannot be guaranteed.
Up to 4 weeks before the event or hire date - 25% administration charge.
Up to 2 weeks before the event or hire date - 50% of the value of the hire.
Up to 3 days before the event or hire date - 100% of the value of the hire.
3.2 In consideration of our arranging and fulfilling your Hire in accordance with these terms and conditions you will pay Cycle Sierra Nevada the total price for your period of Hire plus a deposit set out in the Hire Agreement Form in advance of the hire commencing.
3.5 If the terms set out in 3.4 (above) are not complied with, Cycle Sierra Nevada reserve the right to charge reasonable charges until such time when cycles and/ or equipment concerned have been returned to Cycle Sierra Nevada. In the case of cycles and/or equipment left or returned damaged, you are responsible for any costs incurred and sustained in replacing or repairing (whichever the cheaper) the items concerned to a condition equivalent to that prior to the Hire.
5.1 Cycle Sierra Nevada does not accept responsibility for death, personal injury and direct loss suffered by you.
5.3 Cycle Sierra Nevada's total liability to you under this contract between us shall be limited to the total cost of your Booking.
5.4 Cycle Sierra Nevada shall have no liability to you if we are unable to fulfill a Booking due to an event of Force Majeure. In the event of Cycle Sierra Nevada being unable to fulfill your booking our liability to you shall not exceed to the agreed cost of the hire.
6.5 Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, nothing in these terms and conditions confers or purports to confer on any third party any benefit or any right to enforce any of these terms or conditions.
6.6 These terms and conditions shall be governed by Spanish law, and both of us hereby agree to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Spanish Courts.


Vitamin D is a super-nutrient capable of defending against a swath of health conditions. Unfortunately, according to a new report, that list does not include the number one joint pain in the world: osteoarthritis of the knee.
Published in the prestigious Journal of the American Medical Association, the study shows that after two years, vitamin D supplements did not help knee osteoarthritis much. They did not have a significant difference in knee pain or cartilage loss compared to patients taking a placebo.
It included 146 participants who had knee osteoarthritis that caused symptoms. They were randomized to receive either placebo or oral "cholecalciferol" at 2,000 international units (IU) a day. This substance did raise active vitamin D levels in the patients by an average of 16.
The primary measured outcomes for the study were knee pain severity (using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities [WOMAC] 0–20 pain scale: 0 being no pain, and 20 being extreme pain), and cartilage volume loss measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Secondary outcomes included physical function, knee function (using the WOMAC function scale, ranging from 0, meaning no difficulty, to 68, meaning extreme difficulty), cartilage thickness, bone marrow lesions, and radiographic joint space width.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels increased by an average 16.1 ng/mL (nanograms/milliliter). Placebo raised levels by only 2.1 ng/mL. But still, at the end of the study, there were similar outcomes for knee pain and knee function. Knee pain decreased in both groups by an average of 2.31 in the treatment group and 1.46 in the placebo group (on a pain rating scale), with no significant differences at any time. As for cartilage (which cushions your bones, and in osteoarthritis, has deteriorated), it dropped by about four percent in both groups.
This means that taking vitamin D supplements will likely not lead to better symptoms if you have this painful and common condition. When selecting treatment methods, it's important to have the latest research on hand so you don't go down a road that may lead to disappointment.
McAlindon, T., et al., "Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Progression of Knee Pain and Cartilage Volume Loss in Patients With Symptomatic Osteoarthritis," JAMA 2013; 309(2): 155–162.


The Netherlands' Adelinde Cornelissen, pictured with Lisa Wells of Reem Acra, secured her fourth victory in the 2010/2011 Reem Acra FEI World Cup™ Dressage series at Gothenburg, Sweden today. Photo: Roland Thunholm/FEI.
Adelinde Cornelissen and Jerich Parzival recorded their fourth victory of the 2010/2011 Reem Acra FEI World Cup™ Dressage season at Gothenburg, Sweden tonight and jumped to the top of the Western European League leaderboard ahead of the final qualifier on their home turf at 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands in three weeks' time.
The 32 year old rider and her 14 year old horse produced a more harmonious test than ever before, and Cornelissen declared herself delighted with the result. Sweden's Patrik Kittel finished a close second however with a personal-best result from his stallion Watermill Scandic HBC while Germany's Isabell Werth and Warum Nicht FRH had to settle for third.
In a competition that was very much "a game of two halves", many of the early riders produced low scores. Ground Jury President, The Netherlands' Wim Ernes, said "tonight we saw some bad tests....but the top riders did a good job". He added "we saw today in the first group, a lot of riders who did not have enough impulsion and so made a lot of mistakes".
Sweden's Rose Mathisen and Bocelli, fifth to go of the 15 starters, were the first to break the 70% barrier with a score of 70.225 which still held the lead at the halfway stage. And, as the competition resumed, they remained out in front when Belgium's Marc Peter Spahn and his Friesian stallion put 68.450 on the board. Next in was Denmark's Andreas Helgstrand however, who raised the bar with a score of 72.525 riding the nine year old mare Polka Hit Nexen. This partnership impressed the Ground Jury - "this is a young horse and there were problems with temperament but there were also some real highlights - the scores ranged from 9's to low marks as a result" Wim Ernes explained.
Two horses later, Cornelissen and Parzival brought a whole new dimension to the competition with a score of 82.875. Despite the close proximity of the spectators, the big chestnut gelding who has so often been fazed by the crowds remained focused and free-moving to produce sparkling piaffe and pirouettes that were perfectly balanced and light. This was a test that oozed confidence, and as they executed their final movements you could hear the intake of breath from the audience who knew they were watching something special.
Kittel then put 81.025 on the board with a performance that surprised even himself. "I got a score of over 80.00 - it's something I've only ever dreamed about, and it's just amazing to do my personal best here in Gothenburg!" he said with a big smile. "The atmosphere was very intense and he was on his toes but I was super-happy with a lot of his stuff!" he added.
Dutch rider Jenny Schreven followed him into the arena for a mark of 72.900 and this proved good enough for fourth place in the final analysis. Wim Ernes was most impressed with the work the 25 year old produced from the veteran, Krawall. "This is an old horse - I believe he is 19, and it's amazing that he can still perform like this - I think he is enjoying a second youth, and she (Jenny Schreven) is a real talent. She's young and its very nice to see her ride like this - she did a good job yesterday and today" he pointed out.
America's Catherine Haddad and Winyamaro scored 70.650 when second-last to go and now only Werth and Warum Nicht stood between Cornelissen and her fourth win of the season. Punished for some mistakes however, the German duo's mark of 79.775 would not present a major threat. Werth didn't seem disappointed afterwards.
"I was quite satisfied. We did better canter-work and my horse was more relaxed but we did have a little mistake in the half-pass" she pointed out. Cornelissen explained that her biggest battle tonight was with her own health because she had been feeling ill since winning Friday night's Grand Prix. She said however that she was disappointed with the points she received for tonight's test - "at the Europeans I scored 86.000 yet this was a better test and I only got 82.000 - maybe the judge can explain?" she said looking at Mr Ernes. He replied that she had done "a very good test" but that "sometimes the horse was a little short in the neck - but it was a good total picture" he explained.
Cornelissen now heads for the last qualifier in the 10-leg Western European League season at 's-Hertogenbosch at the end of March but is under no pressure ahead of the final in Leipzig, Germany having proven her form by adding the Gothenburg trophy to the ones she claimed earlier in the season at Stockholm, London and Amsterdam. She now tops the Western European League table with a three-point advantage over Germany's Ulla Salzgeber in second and has a six-point lead over third-placed Werth.
15, Lomumba Havdal (Per Sandgaard) SWE 66.850.
Today's competition at Gothenburg, Sweden was the ninth qualifying leg in the 2010/2011 Reem Acra FEI World Cup™ Dressage Western European League series.
Just one further qualifier will take place, at 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands from 25-27 March, before the final in Leipzig, Germany 27 April to 1 May.
This was the fourth victory in the current series for The Netherlands' Adelinde Cornelissen and Jerich Parzival.
They now head the Western European League table with 80 points ahead of Germany's Ulla Salzgeber (77) in second and Isabell Werth (74) in third.
The Ground Jury for today's competition consisted of the following members : At E - Mrs Maria Colliander FIN; At H, Dr Wojtek Markowski POL; At C, Mr Wim Ernes NED; At M - Mr Gustaf Svalling SWE; At B, Mrs Annette Fransen-Jacobaeus SWE.
The oldest horse in today's competition was the 19 year old Krawall ridden by The Netherlands' Jenny Schreven. Krawall finished fourth for the Dutch rider in Friday's Grand Prix which was won by The Netherlands' Adelinde Cornelissen and Jerich Parzival.
The youngest horse in today's competition was the 9 year old bay mare Polka Hit Nexen, competed by Denmark's Andreas Helgstrand.
The oldest rider in today's competition was 74 year old Ulla Hakanson from Sweden while the youngest rider was Norwegian 23 year old Lillann Jebsen - an age difference of 51 years between the two ladies!
On Friday, the FEI announced the creation of sa lead judging post, entitle Dressage Judge General, to ensure greater consistency and accuracy of judging at all levels of Dressage competition and Ghislain Fouarge (NED) became the first appointee.
The first term of office for the Dressage Judge General will be two years, and the position will always be filled by a 5* judge.
The FEI has also appointed Eric Lette (SWE), David Hunt (GBR) and Dieter Schuele (GER) to the Judges Supervisory Panel (JSP).
Adelinde Cornelissen - "Parzival is getting much more relaxed in the arena - now he likes the audience and the applause and the attention so the whole picture is getting better".
Wim Ernes - "It is important at Grand Prix level that a horse carries himself".
Patrick Kittel, when asked if he thought he could improve his performance enough to beat Adelinde Cornellisen - "you never think like that, you just think about getting better, what you can change and what you can do better"
Patrick Kittel, when asked if he would be attending the last qualifying leg at 's-Hertogenbosch - "my wife's sister is getting married in Australia at that time so I won't be going".


Mission Hills Physical Therapy is a physical therapist owned practice in the heart of San Diego. We specialize in Integrative Manual Therapy™, a method developed by Sharon Giammatteo PT, PhD.
Our approach is that we view and work with the individual as a whole. We look at the underlying causes that hold physical conditions in place. We use IMT, which is Integrative Manual Therapy™, a method of locating the underlying causes and then treating the problems so that the person's condition is cleared and their health improved.


Kaushtababi Camp is a small Ashlander camp south of Molag Mar, just over the mountains.
It is mainly significant as the home of Adibael Hainnabibi, who is the master trainer of Athletics. His colleague, Assurdan Serdimapal, is also a trainer, though less skilled.
In addition to Athletics, Hainnabibi is also a major trainer of Long Blade and Block. Serdimapal offers moderate training for the same skills as Hainnabibi, including Athletics, Long Blade and Block.


Next week, the CBS Evening News plans to air a story on antibiotic use in livestock and poultry production, according to reports.
CBS anchor Katie Couric reportedly visited Koch's Turkey Farm in Tamaqua, Pennsylvania, US, which raises its turkeys free-range and antibiotic-free.
The segment was said to be scheduled for this week, but was rescheduled due to the Haiti crisis coverage.
The segment is also expected to include footage on Applegate Farms, a New Jersey producer of antibiotic-free, ready-to-eat foods including deli meats, bacon and hot dogs.
CBS has been to Missouri, Iowa, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma and Denmark to research this story and is expected to focus on antibiotic use in pork and poultry production, according to industry groups that have been contacted by CBS.


text:
Is a Name Change a Game Change? The Impact of College-to-University Conversions
Riley Acton. 01/2022
In the competitive U.S. higher education market, institutions differentiate themselves to attract both students and tuition dollars. One understudied example of this differentiation is the increasing trend of "colleges" becoming "universities" by changing their names. Leveraging variation in the timing of such conversions in an event study framework, I show that becoming a university increases enrollments at both the undergraduate and graduate levels, which leads to an increase in degree production and total revenues. I further find that these effects are largest when institutions are the first in their market to convert to a university and can lead to negative spillover effects on non-converting colleges.
The Impact of Summer Programs on Student Mathematics Achievement: A Meta-Analysis
Kathleen Lynch, Lily An, Zid Mancenido. 01/2022
We present results from a meta-analysis of 37 experimental and quasi-experimental studies of summer programs in mathematics for children in Grades pre-K-12, examining what resources and characteristics predict stronger student achievement. Children who participated in summer programs that included mathematics activities experienced significantly better mathematics achievement outcomes, compared to their control group counterparts. We find an average weighted impact estimate of +0.10 standard deviations on mathematics achievement outcomes. We find similar effects for programs conducted in higher- and lower-poverty settings. We undertook a secondary analysis exploring the effect of summer programs on non-cognitive outcomes and found positive mean impacts. The results indicate that summer programs are a promising tool to strengthen children's mathematical proficiency outside of school time.
Whose Turn Now? The Enactment & Expansion of Private School Choice Programs across the US
Yujie Sude, Patrick J. Wolf. 12/2021
Private school choice policies have been enacted and expanded across the United States since the 1990s. By January 2021, 30 states plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico hosted 67 distinct private school choice policies. Why have some states adopted and expanded this education reform while others have demurred? Which states are more likely to adopt specific types of private school choice initiatives in the coming years? We present the results of an exploratory empirical analysis examining which state-level political, economic, and educational factors predict past policy decisions regarding the enactment and expansion of private school choice in 49 states from 2000 to 2016. The results from our most preferred statistical model further predict which states are more and less likely to take action towards such policies in subsequent years. The political factors involving Republican control of the governorship and legislature, prevalence of minority students in the K-12 population, and share of private school enrollment in the state prove to be highly predictive factors in school choice adoption. The economic factor of a comparatively low state per-capita GDP also consistently predicts school choice policy adoption in our models.
The 'Good' Schools: Academic Performance Data, School Choice, and Segregation
David M. Houston, Jeffrey R. Henig. 11/2021
We examine the effects of disseminating academic performance data—either status, growth, or both—on parents' school choices and their implications for racial, ethnic, and economic segregation. We conduct an online survey experiment featuring a nationally representative sample of parents and caretakers of children age 0-12. Participants choose between three randomly sampled elementary schools drawn from the same school district. Only growth information—alone and not in concert with status information—has clear and consistent desegregating consequences. Because states that include growth in their school accountability systems have generally done so as a supplement to and not a replacement for status, there is little reason to expect that this development will influence choice behavior in a manner that meaningfully reduces school segregation.
(Mis)Information and the Value of College Names
Alex Eble, Feng Hu. 11/2021
Hundreds of colleges have changed their names to signal higher quality. We estimate how this affects college choice and the labor market performance of college graduates. Administrative data show that name-changing colleges enroll higher-aptitude students, with larger effects for attractive-but-misleading name changes and among students with less information. A resume audit study shows that employer callbacks respond to the increased aptitude of recruited students at these colleges. We broaden these results using scraped online text data, survey data, and other administrative data. Our study demonstrates that signals designed to change beliefs can have real, lasting impacts on market outcomes.
Why Does Education Increase Voting? Evidence from Boston's Charter Schools
Sarah R. Cohodes, James J. Feigenbaum. 09/2021
In the United States, people with more education vote more. But, we know little about why education increases political participation or whether higher-quality education increases civic participation. We study applicants to Boston charter schools, using school lotteries to estimate charter attendance impacts for academic and voting outcomes. First, we confirm large academic gains for students in the sample of charter schools and cohorts investigated here. Second, we find that charter attendance boosts voter participation. Voting in the first presidential election after a student turns 18 increased substantially, by six percentage points from a base of 35 percent. The voting effect is driven entirely by girls and there is no increase in voter registration. Rich data and the differential effects by gender enable exploration of multiple potential channels for the voting impact. We find evidence consistent with two mechanisms: charter schools increase voting by increasing students' noncognitive skills and by politicizing families who participate in charter school education.
The Pandemic's Effect on Demand for Public Schools, Homeschooling, and Private Schools
Tareena Musaddiq, Kevin Stange, Andrew Bacher-Hicks, Joshua Goodman. 09/2021
The Covid-19 pandemic drastically disrupted the functioning of U.S. public schools, potentially changing the relative appeal of alternatives such as homeschooling and private schools. Using longitudinal student-level administrative data from Michigan and nationally representative data from the Census Household Pulse Survey, we show how the pandemic affected families' choices of school sector. We document four central facts. First, public school enrollment declined noticeably in fall 2020, with about 3 percent of Michigan students and 10 percent of kindergartners using other options. Second, most of this was driven by homeschooling rates jumping substantially, driven largely by families with children in elementary school. Third, homeschooling increased more where schools provided in-person instruction while private schooling increased more where instruction was remote, suggesting heterogeneity in parental concerns about children's physical health and instructional quality. Fourth, kindergarten declines were highest among low income and Black families while declines in other grades were highest among higher income and White families, highlighting important heterogeneity by students' existing attachment to public schools. Our results shed light on how families make schooling decisions and imply potential longer-run disruptions to public schools in the form of decreased enrollment and funding, changed composition of the student body, and increased size of the next kindergarten cohort.
Reaping the Rewards Later: How Education Improves Old-Age Cognition in South Africa
Plamen Nikolov, Steve Yeh. 09/2021
Cognition, a component of human capital, is fundamental for decision-making, and understanding the causes of human capital depreciation in old age is especially important in aging societies. Using various proxy measures of cognitive performance from a longitudinal survey in South Africa, we study how education affects cognition in late adulthood. We show that an extra year of schooling improves memory performance and general cognition. We find evidence of heterogeneous effects by gender: the effects are stronger among women. We explore potential mechanisms, and we show that a more supportive social environment, improved health habits, and reduced stress levels likely play a critical role in mediating the beneficial effects of educational attainment on cognition among the elderly.
Manuscript_Tables_0.pdf672.14 KB
School Boards and Education Production: Evidence from Randomized Ballot Order
Ying Shi, John D. Singleton. 08/2021
We examine the causal influence of educators elected to the school board on local education production. The key empirical challenge is that school board composition is endogenously determined through the electoral process. To overcome this, we develop a novel research design that leverages California's randomized assignment of the order that candidate names appear on election ballots. We find that an additional educator elected to the school board reduces charter schooling and increases teacher salaries in the school district relative to other board members. We interpret these findings as consistent with educator board members shifting bargaining in favor of teachers' unions.
First version uploaded1.32 MB
The Effect of Universal Free Meals on Student Perceptions of School Climate: Evidence from New York City
Emily Gutierrez. 06/2021
Over the last decade, more and more schools have adopted Universal Free Meals (UFM), a program that provides meals free of charge to all students, regardless of household income. Recent research finds UFM increases participation in school meals, improves test scores, and reduces incidences of bad behavior. Additionally, advocates cite stigma reduction as one of UFM's many benefits, but to date, scholars have yet to provide empirical evidence of this claim. This paper fills the gap in the literature by being the first to examine whether UFM influences student perceptions of school climate. I use individual, student survey responses and school meal participation data from New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) to investigate whether and to what extent UFM changes participation behavior and student perceptions of their school climate. Using a difference-in-differences design, I exploit students' staggered exposure to UFM, among those that are ever exposed, to investigate if UFM influences participation and improves student perceptions of bullying, fighting, respect, and safety. I find UFM increases school lunch participation among students that were previously eligible for free meals but rarely participated, suggesting that UFM affects participation patterns beyond simply reducing the price of food. All students, regardless of socioeconomic status, report reductions in perceptions of bullying and fighting within school, as well as improvements in perceptions of safety outside of school. Notably, students ever designated as eligible for free/reduced price meals and those that ate school lunches last year report feeling safer inside the school cafeteria. Thus, not only does UFM improve perceptions associated with stigma for students who directly interact with UFM, but the program also has positive effects for all students regardless of their socioeconomic status.