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A Century of History
The History of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary Catholic Church
The first chapel of Alameda was constructed in 1734 under the patronage of Nuestra Senora de la Concepcion at the request of the Alcalde Mayor Juan Gonzales Baz. Eighteen vigas which were originally intended for the church of Santa Ana Pueblo were used to support the roof of this chapel. Fray Francisco Atanasio Dominguez visited this chapel in 1776. In 1829 the chapel was replaced by a larger church. It was named La Natividad de Maria Santisima and the location was north from the corner of Alameda Blvd. and N. Rio Grande Blvd.
Flood of 1903
This church was destroyed by the flood of 1903. Results from recent archeological excavations have revealed that over 300 persons are still buried in the original cemetery located in front of this church
Fr. Ferdinand Trojanec, S.J. (Troy) supervised the construction of the third church. The cornerstone was laid on Monday, March 4th, 1907. The first Mass was celebrated in the unfinished church by Fr. Troy on Friday, September 8th, 1911, Feast of the Nativity of Our Lady. The church was consecrated by Archbishop Juan Bautista Pitival on Sunday, November 16th, 1913. Fr. Troy lived at San Felipe rectory and ministered to the community of Alameda until his death of December 23rd, 1936. He was hit by a drunk driver as he crossed 4th St. in front of the church. His funeral mass was held at Nativity Church on December 24th, 1936. He is buried at Mt. Calvary Cemetery.
The foundations of the church were constructed of granite stone. The walls are of sandstone held together with lime base grout. All the stone was quarried in the foothills of the Sandia Mountains and hauled in wagons by local residents. The original roof, still in place under the present blue roof, is Queen Ann style of beige metal shingles. It is believed that Fr. Troy installed the original crosses above the towers.
The floor of the nave is made of one by six tongue and groove pine. The large beams supporting it are believed to be from the original ceiling of the 1829 church. Tin panels covered the vaulted ceiling. The two round stained glass windows of the sanctuary and the gothic window of the choir loft are original to the church and the oldest of any Catholic Church in Albuquerque. The original gothic altar was made of wood, painted white, blue and gold. It measured 21ft high by 16ft wide and 6 ft in depth. Two plain side altars adorned the transepts. One of them contained the image of Christ's corpus visible through a glass door. The church was heated by a wood and coal furnace located in the small basement. There was no air conditioning.
During the summer months the large side windows made of wood and white frosted glass in the nave and transepts were opened for ventilation. Two bells which were cast in New York in 1892 are located within the south tower. During the nineteen twenties a set of rooms was added to the rear of the church to be used as office and living space for the priest.
In 1956 the church went through extensive renovation. The inside walls were covered with wood panels and the tin ceiling with acoustical tile. The floors were carpeted. A vestibule was added. Most of the original statues, the side altars and the main altar were removed and new ones purchased. The round stained glass windows were given away. The windows of the nave and transepts were replaced with stained glass windows. New light fixtures were installed. The windows in the towers were removed and covered over with sheet rock and plaster. The outside color became yellow. In 1994 the church was once again remodeled. The walls and original ceiling were plastered over. Fluorescent lights were installed. The transepts were elevated to the level of the sanctuary. The plastic back altar was replaced with a section of a gothic altar brought from a chapel in Colorado. New pews, carpet, and six new stained glass windows were installed. Restrooms were added to the vestibule. New heating and air conditioning systems were installed.
In preparation for the centennial of the laying of the cornerstone the church has once again been undergoing major restoration. A replica of the original main altar was fabricated by the following parishioners; Bobbie Connick, Patrick Hammond, Henry Sanchez and Orlando Saiz. They are now working on a matching altar of celebration and ambo. The wooden sanctuary floor was restored.
Replicas of the original front doors were fabricated. Gothic style light fixtures replaced the recessed florescent light. Several statues that were returned to the church have been restored and now grace our church once again. The original round stained glass windows and the gothic choir loft window have been re-leaded and repaired. The original Holy Water silver bucket and Fr. Troy's chalice are now used for liturgical functions. The vestibule has been removed making the original facade visible.
A new ramp replacing the original front steps has been added and new restrooms are now located in the rear of the church. The parking lot has been expanded with plenty of handicap spaces. Replicas of the two tower windows have been built and are in place. The entire church has been given a coat of the original color of stucco.


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Busoni: Bach: Chorale Prelude (BWV 645) No. 2 in E-flat Major
Ferruccio Busoni - Transcriptions :
Bach: Chorale Prelude (BWV 645), No. 2
Key: E-flat Major Year: 1909
Level: 8+ Period: Baroque
Piano score: Breitkopf & Hartel edition
Busoni - Bach: Chorale Prelude (BWV 615) - No. 8 in G Major:
Beethoven - Für Elise - in A Minor:
Chopin - Nocturne - Op. 55 No. 1 in F Minor:
Rachmaninoff - Prelude - Op. 3 No. 2 in C-sharp Minor:
Schubert - Moment Musical - Op. 94 No. 3 D. 780 in F Minor:
Chopin - Nocturne - Op. posth. in C Minor:
Busoni: Bach: Chorale Prelude (BWV 645) No. 2 in E-flat Major (published in 1909) . DOWNLOAD piano sheet music from Piano Street digital sheet music library.
Bach: Chorale Prelude (BWV 645) in E-flat Major No. 2 by the composer Ferruccio Busoni (1866-1924). This piano piece was composed in 1909 and is part of Busoni's Transcriptions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


NHMRC has established an ME/CFS Advisory Committee (the Committee) under section 39 of the National Health and Medical Research Council Act 1992. The Committee will consider and advise the NHMRC Chief Executive Officer on current needs for research on ME/CFS and clinical guidance on its diagnosis and treatment.
The Australian Government's Medical Research Future Fund (MRFF) has announced a new grant opportunity under the MRFF Targeted Health System and Community Organisation Research Program to conduct a Health economics study of the impacts and costs associated with ME/CFS. The grant opened on 27 February 2017 and applications close on 10 April 2019. Further information is available here.
any other issue on ME/CFS that the NHMRC Chief Executive Officer may request.
submissions received through the public consultation process.
NHMRC has well defined procedures for the formation of advisory committees which are based on obtaining the best experts available while ensuring conflicts of interest (real and perceived) are managed appropriately.
NHMRC asked each Committee member to document their interests, as part of the process of the establishment of any NHMRC committee. Members were asked to consider perceived interests as well as real interests.
Throughout the project, members are required to inform NHMRC of any changes to their interests, and management strategies are put in place as needed.
The Advisory Committee members discussed the need to map existing literature, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses to identify gaps in ME/CFS research. Members also began discussing potential collaboration opportunities with Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States on ME/CFS research and guidelines.
Ms Sally Missing has been added to the membership of the Committee as a support person and/or proxy to Ms Simone Eyssens in the event that she is unable to attend meetings.
Agreeing to further deliberations out of session in preparation for the third meeting in May 2018.
Opportunities for clinical guideline development and the role that guidelines take in promoting clinician awareness of the condition as well as influencing patient outcomes.
Agreeing on some options to promote current good quality clinical advice on NHMRC's website, as an interim until NHMRC can fully consider formal guideline adaptation or development.
Resources for clinicians and patients to be placed on the NHMRC webpage.
the parameters and questions for public consultation on the Draft Report to CEO.
The challenges around effectively communicating the opportunities that emerging research is creating.
Noting that this is not usual practice for NHMRC on products other than guidelines.
The Advisory Committee's draft Report to the NHMRC CEO on the research and clinical guidance needs of ME/CFS in Australia was released for a 60-day public consultation from 21 December 2018 to 18 February 2019. The ME/CFS Advisory Committee will consider the public consultation comments made to finalise the Report, prior to submitting it to the NHMRC CEO in late April 2019. The draft Report is available here.
(A note for clinicians: this article contains a ME/CFS Symptom Checklist): See Downloads.
Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in these documents are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the National Health and Medical Research Council. The resources are listed by year of publication and as such do not imply any NHMRC preference or priority.
Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in these documents are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the National Health and Medical Research Council. The resources are listed alphabetically and as such do not imply any NHMRC preference or priority.
Carruthers, BM, Van de Sande, MI, De Meirleir, KL et al, 2011. 'Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International consensus criteria,' Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 270, is. 4, pp. 327-338.
Johnston, S, Staines, D, Marshall-Gradisnik, S, 2016. Epidemiological characteristics of chronic fatigue syndrome/Myalgic encephalomyelitis in Australian patients,' Clinical Epidemiology, vol. 8 pp. 97-107.
Professional knowledge and experience. Experience with high level government committees.
Has held numerous state and national advisory committee roles.
Invited speaker to many conferences around the world - some conferences are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies.
Speaker on stress and insomnia at various locations, sponsored by Sanofi (pharmaceutical company).
Professor in Ethics at the University of Adelaide. Co-authored chapter "Three approaches to Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in UK, Australia and Canada: Lessons for Democratic Policy".
Has been on numerous state and federal government Ethics Committees.
Exercise Scientist and Accredited Exercise Physiologist; Program Lead-Clinical Exercise Science, University of the Sunshine Coast.
Professional knowledge and experience in ME/CFS research.
Current research interests include ME/CFS immune responses and rehabilitation; chronic liver disease exercise and dietary effects on immune function, physical capacity and life expectancy and exercise prescriptions for cancer patients.
Director, Viral Immunology Systems Program in the Kirby Institute; Infectious Disease Physician.
Research grants received in relation to ME/CFS research from NHMRC, Centre for Disease control (US), Mason Foundation, Australian Rotary Foundation and Meat & Livestock Australia.
Infectious disease physician and an epidemiology, virology and immunology researcher.
Director, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University. Research focused towards identifying biomarkers of ME/CFS.
Head Reviewer and Chairperson for National Institutes of Health (NIH) Centre for Research Excellence Applications for ME/CFS in USA.
Senior Consultant Physician, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. Has research interest in CFS in children and adolescents.
Received support for travel and accommodation for NIH Special Emphasis Panel for ME/CFS in USA and New Zealand ME/CFS Society lecture tour in 2014.
Part of the International Committee for the Case Definition of CFS, CFS Service Review Advisory Group.
Senior Consultant Physician, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne.


25-2806. School for election board judges. The county election officer shall provide instruction for election board judges and clerks before each election. The instruction shall relate to all matters which in the opinion of the county election officer require additional knowledge, explanation to, or training of such judges relating to elections generally, voting machines, ballots or duties in connection with any of the foregoing.
History: L. 1968, ch. 406, § 123; L. 2004, ch. 25, § 12; July 1.


Yes, yes and yes! It's done, it's decided and paid for, so there's no backing out now!
I, am going on a Himalayan trek this June, and I'm so excited! I say this with a little hoppity-hop on one foot (the other leg is a little injured owing to my constant clumsiness) but, I guess one can gauge the excitement in my voice!
It's been exactly four years since I last went trekking, and I spent those years pining for freshest air and snowy mountains and whining about how I have to work and/or study! So finally, yay!
I'm going for 'Roopkund' trek, which means 'Mystery Lake'. It is a shallow lake at an altitude of 16,499 feet, and called so due to the remains of hundreds of human beings found here decades ago. When the snow melts, one can easily see the skeletons at the bottom. Interesting, isn't it? You can read more about this on Wikipedia, here.
It is said to be a very beautiful trek, as the trail goes through forests and meadows. The difficulty level is higher than moderate, and on the last two days of the trek we shall be climbing through snow to reach the lake. And this means I REALLY NEED to get in some trekking practice to increase my stamina and fitness. Starting today, I have exactly 50 days to up my stamina to match that of a horse (Okay, okay, I'm exaggerating). I need to get myself to a level where I can jog 5 kilometres in 30 minutes. I need to challenge myself, that way I will have to get up in the mornings and actually do it.
We found some scattered bones and rearranged them.
Happiness! I got to call home after 10 days, from a payphone at a small village!
As we reached base camp after the trek, hail stones struck one after the other, along with huge droplets of pelting rain. It was insane fun, and the most memorable moment of the trek.


Marjan Habibian, DDS, is an established dentist featuring over two decades of diverse experience in her specialty. She maintains a position at Tooth Fairy Family Dental in Plainsboro, New Jersey. Dr. Habibian's areas of expertise include endodontics, periodontics, cosmetic dentistry, and Invisalign clear braces. She graduated from New York University in 1989 and keeps up to date in the new developments in dentistry through her membership with the American Dental Association, the Academy of General Dentistry. A preferred provider for Invisalign, Dr. Habibian has certificates for completion of the restoring implants curriculum of Nobel Replace Tapered Dental Implants in addition to several certificates from different implant systems. Furthermore, she has attained the first degree in the Reiki method of natural healing.
"We invest in technology because it's the best way to care for our patients. But we also spend time making sure patients know how to take care of their teeth." Dr. Habibian noted that Tooth Fairy Family Dental employs holistic approach, which focuses on the whole human being. Recent studies have linked periodontal issues to heart disease, and bacteria in the mouth to other serious health problems."


Rachael comes from Oldham and she was brought up in the Saddleworth area. She studied at The Royal Northern College of Music, where she gained a first class degree with Principal Study in Academic Studies and she won an Arts and Humanities Research Council scholarship for further study. She completed a Ph.D on the operas of Dame Ethel Smyth (1858-1944) at The University of Manchester.
Rachael has performed concertos in Yorkshire, Berkshire and Dorset and she regularly plays chamber music with her quintet, the Elmet Quintet and with various trios, including the Leonora Trio, consisting of piano, cello and clarinet. She is a soloist each year at Charterhouse Summer School of Music and has performed on both the clarinet and piano in a wide range of lunchtime concert series in the North West.


text:
…This depiction of Alice [Jones Rhinelander] fell squarely into a white tradition of depicting mulatto women as sexually available, sexually victimized, and/or sexually predatory. By the 1920s many white Americans, particularly northern whites, joined African Americans in blaming southern white men for the existence of the substantial mulatto population that now (supposedly) threatened the racial purity of white America both by its very presence and by the behaviour—particularly the sexual behavior—of its members. Indeed, northern white writers continued to be fascinated with the supposed rituals of white-male-controlled interracial sex in the South, particularly exclusive "octoroon balls" at which light-skinned African American women competed to be the mistress of socially elite white men who would support them financially in return for sex and companionship, all in the name of romance. Such depictions, however, painted the women as desperately competing for their shared goal: a rich white lover. By the 1920 images of mulatto women focused even more directly on their supposed obsession with "landing," either as a wife or a mistress, a rich white benefactor—and on using that liaison to appropriate white money, property, and even power…
Lewis, Earl and Heidi Adrizzone. Love on Trial: An American Scandal in Black and White. New York: W. W. Norton. 2002. Pages 166-167.
The New Hollywood Racelessness: Only the Fast, Furious, (and Multiracial) Will Survive
Posted in Articles, Communications/Media Studies, Literary/Artistic Criticism, Media Archive, United States on 2010-08-25 17:20Z by Steven
Cinema Journal
Volume 44, Number 2, Winter 2005
Mary C. Beltrán, Associate Professor of Media Studies
University of Texas, Austin
This article interrogates the rise of the "multiculti" action film and the casting of multiracial actors as Hollywood action film protagonists. These trends are examined in light of shifts in U.S. ethnic demographics and youth-oriented popular culture.
Recent Hollywood films such as Romeo Must Die (Andrzej Bartkowiak, 2000) and The Fast and the Furious (Rob Cohen, 2001) are notable for their multiethnic casts and stylized urban settings. Correspondingly, the key to the survival of the protagonists in these "multiculti" action narratives is their ability to thrive in environments defined by cultural border crossings and pastiche. Perhaps not coincidentally, the heroes who command these environments increasingly are played by biracial and multiethnic actors, such as Vin Diesel in The Fast and the Furious and XXX (Rob Cohen, 2002) and Russell Wong, who plays a pivotal role in Romeo Must Die.
This trend reflects contemporary shifts in U.S. ethnic demographics and ethnic identity, while subtly reinforcing notions of white centrism that are the legacy of the urban action movie. In particular, as I shall argue, the new, ethnically ambiguous protagonist embodies contemporary concerns regarding ethnicity and race relations with respect to the nation's burgeoning cultural creolization and multiethnic population. The analysis presented here shall be situated in the history of Hollywood representations of the multiethnic inner city, as well as in relation to shifts in the country's ethnic demographics, cultural interests, and popular culture…
Tags: Cinema Journal, Mary Beltrán, Mary C. Beltrán, Romeo Must Die, Russell Wong, The Fast and the Furious, Vin Diesel


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text:
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Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) in Practice – A Look at the Avant-garde
19. Oktober 2020 admin
Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are becoming more and more popular. A study by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) shows that 80 percent of the world's central banks are researching CBDCs and almost 50 percent are developing specific proof-of-concepts or prototypes. 10 percent of the central banks surveyed go one step further: They are already planning the introduction of a CBDC for the general public (so-called retail CBDC) in the next three years. In this article, Jonas Groß and Jonas Weisbrodt present the currently most advanced CBDC initiatives in China, Sweden, Bahamas, the Eastern Caribbean Monetary Union and the Marshall Islands and discuss the motives and progress of the projects.
China's CBDC: DC / EP
The Chinese Central Bank (PBoC) set up a special CBDC task force back in 2014 to investigate CBDCs. A prototype of the Chinese CBDC, called DC / EP (digital currency / electronic payment), is currently being tested in both the private and public sectors . Further tests are scheduled to take place during the 2022 Winter Olympics.
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Background: In China, cash is becoming less and less important. During 2016 40 percent of all payments were made in cash, two years later it was only 20 percent. Overall, China is one of the few countries where the share of currency in circulation (CIC, cash in circulation ) in the gross domestic product (GDP) has fallen in recent years (see Figure 1).
Figure 1 : Development of cash in circulation in China. Source: Source: van der Knaap, de Vries (2018)
According to PBoC central banker Mu Changchun, there is a reduced use of cash significant risks, for example greater dependence on digital payment platforms from companies like Alipay. A CBDC as the digital equivalent of cash could support the development towards a society that is less dependent on cash without being exposed to the risk of failure of private platforms.
In addition, the introduction of a Chinese CBDC is driven by the internationalization of the Renminbi (RMB). Despite intensive Chinese efforts to internationalize the RMB, the US dollar continues to dominate as the global reserve currency. A CBDC could strengthen the international role and spread of the RMB through simplified RMB payments to or abroad, or through the CBDC. However, if the digital yuan also falls under capital controls, these restrictions could make it difficult for the RMB to internationalize successfully.
Sweden's CBDC: e-krona
In addition to China, Sweden is also one of the CBDC pioneers. In March 2017 the Swedish Riksbank started its CBDC project "e-krona". The introduction of an E-krona prototype is planned for February 2021. The Riksbank will then decide whether to introduce such a CBDC across the board. In the pilot project, a non-interest-bearing CBDC is first tested. For its pilot project , the Riksbank is planning a two-stage operational structure in which banks distribute the CBDC units issued by the central bank to end customers.
Similar to China, Sweden also has less cash in circulation. Most recently, currency in circulation in Sweden was only 1.4 percent of GDP in relation to GDP (see Figure 2) and was the lowest figure in the world ( average of 50 countries: 9 percent). The number of cash transactions is also falling in Sweden. Most recently, only 20 percent of all payments in Sweden are made with cash settled. According to predictions made by the Riksbank's Deputy Governor Cecilia Skingsley, Sweden will be cashless by 2023.
Jack Dorsey, PDG de Twitter et Square, pense que Bitcoin détient les clés de la sécurité
Bitcoin-prisforutsigelse: BTC / USD kan utvide nedadrettingen til $ 10.000
Las tasas de financiación de Bitcoin se disparan mientras
Crypto-asset management Grayscale posts record fourth quarter figures
Russell Okung saa puolet 13 miljoonan dollarin sopimuksestaan Bitcoinissa
10% of all Bitcoin has not been moved for over 10 years
Après que Kanye West et PewDiePie, le célèbre rappeur Logic approuve Bitcoin
Monatsabschluss
oppoverbakkeoppgave
Systemwiederherstellung


"It's no easy task to follow up a perfect original game with sequel after sequel. Virtua Tennis will always be Virtua Tennis, no matter how you package it. In other words, Virtua Tennis will always be a joy to play."
In the late 90s, real gamers were the ones who frequented smoky arcades until there were no more quarters. When the original Virtua Tennis made its way into arcades for the first time, it made quite a splash. If you have had the pleasure of maneuvering the sticks of the original, then you and I can likely agree on one thing: Virtua Tennis was perfect. It was a game that nailed every aspect of what a virtual tennis experience should be. It looked awesome and was a blast to play. You could play by yourself, or duke it out with a friend to determine who would pay for the next game.
This is what has sustained and always will sustain the series. No game will ever quite replicate the experience that the original offered, but Virtua Tennis 4 is another valiant attempt from SEGA to recreate that old magic in gaming's modern era. The newest installment is still a blast to play and it holds onto the core mechanics that are a staple of the franchise.
Those who have played prior games will find that the gameplay experience and controls need no introduction. To their credit, the developers at SEGA have done an excellent job of preserving the feel of historic Virtua Tennis. Player movement is tight, timing of the strokes is spot-on, and the ball reacts realistically to different spins and techniques. To a knowledgeable player, having any real-life tennis shot in the bag of tricks is valuable. For example, my "go-to" shots have always been the top-spin lob and volley drop-shot. The most rewarding moments of gameplay that I've had with the series so far have revolved around the execution of those shots in virtual form. The bottom line is this: for better or for worse, this feels like Virtua Tennis as it always has been.
That's not to say that there is nothing new of note. The major addition to the gameplay this time around is the Super Shot. Over the course of each game, set, and match, you'll repeatedly fill up a power meter, which allows you to unleash a slow-motion power stroke once it is full. Essentially, the ball will be hit harder and at an optimum angle. Super Shots are not necessarily winners, and need to be used at the appropriate time to be effective. For example, a Super Shot used when on the defensive is a waste, as you'll be unable to take advantage of the additional power. When the ball is sitting up for you at the service line, however, the Super Shot is just what you need to ensure the point will be over with a single stroke. The Super Shot is implemented very effectively; it is used just often enough to create an extra layer of fun, but not so much that it dominates the strategy of play.
Apart from the usual exhibition, mini-games, tournament, and online modes, the meat of the game is found in the World Tour mode. No sports title is worth its salt these days unless it has the obligatory career-style outing. World Tour mode is essentially the same offering contained in VT3. You'll create your player and then start jumping around the globe for a series of events. Along the way, there are increasingly difficult exhibition matches intended to be a measuring stick for how your talents stack up to the competition. You'll have to train your player by completing a variety of mini-games which, unfortunately, become repetitive and something of a chore.
Make it through enough of the training, however, and the real fun begins in the form of tournaments. Of course, you won't begin your career with an appearance in a Grand Slam event, but rather in smaller satellite tournaments that allow you to work your way up the rankings and eventually gain entry into larger events. Overall, World Tour mode is serviceable but underwhelming. It would have been great to see more scheduling customization, and more incentivized perks for sloshing through the training sessions.
Online play does provide much-needed longevity to VT4, at least. Playing on the Dreamcast was a blast, but unless you had another player on the couch, you were stuck playing against the AI. The ability to hop into a match with another living, breathing, thinking human being is entirely more engaging than sloshing through countless offline tournaments. Online play was smooth and lag-free in my experience. I did notice occasional hiccups, but they never came often enough to hinder the gameplay experience.
One disappointment in VT4 is the lack of licensing. The accomplishment that pushed Tiger Woods 12 over the hump this year was the ability to play The Master's - Not "The Augusta Championship" or the "Georgia Shootout," but THE MASTER'S. It's disappointing not to be able to play at Wimbledon. Instead we get only a grass court and stadium that resemble Wimbledon. The player roster, while boasting several of the current stars, is lacking depth. There are only 11 APT players, 7 WTA players, and 3 legends (legends only available in the PS3 version).
Visually, VT4 is a treat to the eyes even though you're not visiting Wimbledon and the like. The simple and accessible menus and navigation system you've come to know and love are largely unchanged, which makes for a pleasant and comfortable setup. Once you jump into a match, the action looks fantastic in high-definition. SEGA always has opted for a somewhat animated style, and the fact that it didn't try to make the action look like tennis on television helps the cause. The almost "cartoony" players are smooth and bright, and dart around the court with surprising believability. The sun and lights cast realistic shadows and bring out the sweat on the player models, as well.
The sound work also serves to create an immersive gameplay experience. Fans of the series immediately will recognize the "ping" of the racquet hitting the ball (in quotation markss because it sounds nothing like a struck tennis ball in actuality). This is a staple of the series, and always should be. You'll hear feet squeaking against the hard court and sliding on the clay court, as well as familiar grunts of effort from the players as a long point drags on in the afternoon sun. The highlight of the audio work, however, is the crowd. If you played competitive tennis in high school or college as I did--or any sport for that matter--you know that nothing inspires you and me like urging chants and yells from the onlookers. This dynamic is executed to perfection in VT4. The longer a match drags on, the more excited the crowd gets at the prospect of a real barn-burner. A winner that creates Deuce #4 insights a noticeably bigger explosion of cheers than one that evens the score at 15-15. In my time with the game, I've experienced several of those moments that truly bring the game to life and force you to forget, even for a moment, that this is not real life.
This much has been established: Virtua Tennis 4 is a blast. The problem is that there simply is not a great deal of innovation or drastic improvement on past entries. Try as I might, I was not able to rid myself of the feeling that I was playing VT3 in a slightly-shinier package, as was the case with VT2 before it. It's no easy task to follow up a perfect original game with sequel after sequel. Virtua Tennis will always be Virtua Tennis, no matter how you package it. In other words, Virtua Tennis will always be a joy to play.
If you enjoyed this Virtua Tennis 4 review, you're encouraged to discuss it with the author and with other members of the site's community. If you don't already have an HonestGamers account, you can sign up for one in a snap. Thank you for reading!
"To a knowledgeable player, having any real-life tennis shot in the bag of tricks is valuable."
"One disappointment in VT4 is the lack of licensing."
"The sound work also serves to create an immersive gameplay experience."
..here's my review of VT4: "It's arcade as fuk".
Thank you so much for adding your edge-of-my-seat review of the game.


Add peanuts and roast it on low flame for 2-3 minutes, keep stirring.
Take it out on a plate and keep it aside.
Add oil in the same pan and let the oil heat.
Add green chilli, curry leaves and chopped onions.
Fry the onions on medium flame till it turns light brown.
Add lightly roasted peanuts and chivda/poha (do not wash it).
Mix it and fry it for 3-4 minutes on low flame.
Add bhujiya/mixture and salt in the chivda and mix it.
Increase the flame to medium and fry it for a minute to make it crispy.
Add all the tomatoes, 1 and 1/2 glass of water in a pressure cooker.
Boil the tomatoes for two whistle on high flame, turn off the flame.
Take out the tomatoes and blend the boiled tomato into puree (do not blend the stock of tomatoes).
Add the tomato stock in puree to increase its quantity to 2 glass (double of rice quantity).
Add oil and let the oil heat, add all the whole spices and fry it for few seconds.
Add chopped onion and fry it till it turns light brown.
Add ginger garlic paste and turmeric powder, mix it and cook it for a minute.
Add washed rice, salt and 2 glass of prepared tomato puree, stir it.
Ready to serve with raita, curry or as it is.
Mash all the boiled vegetables and keep it aside.
Turn on the flame and heat a pan, add 1 tbsp butter and 2 tbsp oil.
Add green chilli, ginger and garlic, fry it for a minute on medium flame.
Add chopped onion and fry the onion till it turns little soft.
Add chopped capsicum, green peas, chopped tomato and fry it on medium flame for a minute.
Add little salt to cook the tomato faster, cover the pan and cook it for a minute on medium flame.
Add kashmiri red chilli powder, pav bhaji masala and cook it for a minute.
Add the boiled mashed vegetables and 1/2 glass of vegetable stock or plain water, stir it.
Mash the vegetables with potato masher in the pan, check the consistency and add water if needed.
Add little salt, cover the pan and cook it for 2-3 minutes on low flame (keep stirring in between).
Turn off the flame, garnish with freshly chopped coriander leaves and butter.
Toast the pav with little butter on tava from both side.
Serve with finely chopped onion, lemon slice and pav.
Heat a pan, add peanuts and roast the peanuts on medium flame for 2-3 minutes.
Put the roasted peanuts in the blending jar and let it cool a bit, coarsely grind the peanuts (do not make powder).
Mix the grounded peanut with soaked sabudana and keep it aside.
Heat a thick bottom pan, add ghee and let it heat.
Add cumin seeds, curry leaves, chopped green chilli and fry it for few seconds.
Add sabudana-peanuts mixture and rock salt (optional) in the pan and mix it.
Fry it on medium flame for 3-4 minutes, keep stirring.
Store in a jar and consume it for up to 8-10 days (keep refrigerated).
In a blending jar: Add garlic, ginger, green chilli, coriander leaves and mint leaves.
Add turmeric powder, salt, blended masala paste into the chicken and mix it properly.
Keep it in refrigerator for one hour.
In a blending jar: add ginger, garlic, roughly chopped onion and tomato and blend it without water, keep the paste aside.
Heat a pan, add 3 tbsp oil and let the oil heat properly.
Add the marinated chicken in the pan and fry it for 3-4 minutes on medium flame (cover and cook).
Once the chicken is half cooked, take out in a plate and keep it aside.
Put 2 tbsp oil in the same pan and let it heat, add cumin seeds and fry it for few seconds.
Add turmeric powder, red chilli powder and chicken masala powder into the pan and mix it.
Add the blended masala paste and fry the masala on medium flame till oil is separated from it.
Add square shape chopped onion and cook it for a minute on medium flame.
Add 1/2 glass of water, add little salt (we had already added salt in marination process) and stir it.
Once the curry start boiling, add the half cooked chicken into the gravy and gently mix it.
Cover the pan and cook it for 3-4 minutes on slow flame, turn off the flame.
In a blending jar: add cumin seeds, coriander seeds, whole black pepper, roughly chopped onion, ginger and garlic.
Blend it into thick paste using 2-3 tbsp of water, keep it aside.
Remove the inner part (i.e. seeds) of the snake gourd with knife (keep the seeds for further use).
Heat a pan, add 2 tbsp cooking oil and let the oil heat properly.
Mash seeds of snake gourd with hand and add to to frying pan, add blended masala paste, stir it.
Add turmeric powder, red chilli powder, dry mango powder, garam masala and salt to taste.
Fry the masala on low flame till oil is separated from it (cover and cook).
Turn off the flame and let the fried masala paste cool down completely.
Gently fill the snake gourd pieces with the prepared masala paste.
Heat a pan, add 3 tbsp cooking oil and let the oil heat.
Put all the stuffed snake gourds into the pan, cover the pan and cook it on slow flame.
Cook it on slow flame for 8-10 minutes (keep flipping in between to cook all sides of snake gourd).
Turn off the flame and take it out on the kitchen towel.
Ready to serve with Rice daal, chapati, paratha, puri etc.
Add chopped pistachio, cardamom powder and saffron and stir it.
Boil the milk on low-medium flame till its reduces to 1/5 of its original quantity (keep stirring in between).
Add the mango puree in the prepared malai and mix it properly.
Fill the mixture in the kulfi mould and put it in freezer for 6-8 hours.
Take out from freezer, garnish with chopped pistachio and serve.
Mix all the ingredients into a bowl except cooking oil (do not add water).
Heat oil in a pan, take a small portions of prepared mixture and gently put into the hot oil one by one.
Fry it on medium flame for a minute then flip it to fry other side.
Fry the pakoras on medium flame till it turns golden brown from both side.
Take out on the kitchen towel to absorb extra oil and repeat the same process for remaining mixture.
Hung the curd in a muslin or cheese cloth for 4-5 hours.
Put the hung curd into a bowl and whisk it.
Add mango puree, cardamom powder, saffron, chopped pistachio.
Whisk it well until it becomes smooth and creamy.
Keep it in refrigerator for 3-4 hours.
Garnish with some chopped mango chunks, chopped pistachio and serve chilled.
Add chopped banana, mix it and fry the banana for 2 minutes on medium flame.
Add all the spices, salt and gram flour into the banana and mix it properly.
Cover the pan and cook it for 4-5 minutes on low flame, keep stirring in between.
Increase the flame to medium and fry it for a minute without cover.
Increase the flame to high and fry it for 30-40 seconds to make it crispy, keep stirring.
Turn off the flame and ready to serve with Rice and daal.
Heat oil in a pan, take a small portions of prepared fish egg mixture and gently put into the hot oil one by one.
Add cumin seeds, green chilli, garlic and fry it for few seconds on medium flame.
Add chopped onion, fry the onions till it turns little soft.
Add turmeric powder, red chilli powder, cumin powder and cook it for a minute on medium flame.
Add tomato and cook it for a minute, add soaked Bengal gram and mix it.
Add chopped nenua (sponge gourd), mix it.
Cover the pan and coot it on medium-high flame for 2-3 minutes.
Simmer the flame, cover the pan and cook it for 5-7 minutes, keep stirring in between.
Add little salt, garam masala powder and cover the pan and cook it for 2-3 more minutes on low flame.
Turn off the flame, ready to serve with roti, paratha and puri.
Heat a non-stick pan, add cooking oil and let the oil heat.


We review Avengers! … from 1993…. presented by Sugar Babies, Sugar Daddies, and Charleston Chew??
A film adaptation of The Last Starfighter, with a look at the first issue of three. Does this first issue make you want to get the last two?
Another film adapted into a Marvel comic book. Does The Toxic Avenger even compare to the horrors of the film?
The crew takes a look at the 3rd of 4 new Valiant comics from "The Summer of Valiant" 2012! Does Archer & Armstrong hold up?
A wide assortment of free comics for Halloween Comic Fest 2012, including contributions from Red Circle Comics, Marvel Comics, DC Comics, IDW Publishing, Antartic Press, Kaboom!, Papercutz, and more!
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Teen Titans #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? The Webcomic Beacon Presents: First Issue crew is here to let you know what we think! Please join Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher, and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Justice League Dark #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? The Webcomic Beacon Presents: First Issue crew is here to let you know what we think! Please join Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher, and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Nightwing #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? The Webcomic Beacon Presents: First Issue crew is here to let you know what we think! Please join Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher, and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Legion of Superheroes #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? The Webcomic Beacon Presents: First Issue crew is here to let you know what we think! Please join Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher, and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Green Lantern Corps #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? The Webcomic Beacon Presents: First Issue crew is here to let you know what we think! Please join Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher, and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: DC Universe Presents: Dead Man #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? The Webcomic Beacon Presents: First Issue crew is here to let you know what we think! Please join Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher, and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Catwoman #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Batman #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Blue Beetle #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Green Arrow #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Deathstroke #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Red Lanterns #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Demon Knights #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Superboy #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Frankenstein: Agent of S.H.A.D.E #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Green Lantern #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Batman and Robin #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Resurrection Man #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Grifter #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Suicide Squad #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Mister Terrific #1 (2011)! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Stormwatch #1! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
A look at DC Comics' New 52: Static Shock #1! Does it succeed or FAIL? Your reviewers are Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A.
The Webcomic Beacon presents: First Issue! A look at comic books by Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A. Episode 4 has us take a look at DC Comics' new O.M.A.C. #1! Does it succeed or FAIL?
The Webcomic Beacon presents: First Issue! A look at comic books by Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A. Episode 3 has us take a look at DC Comics' new Animal Man #1! Does it succeed or FAIL?
The Webcomic Beacon presents: First Issue! A look at comic books by Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A. Episode 2 has us take a look at DC Comics' new Men of War #1! Does it succeed or FAIL?
The Webcomic Beacon presents: First Issue! A look at comic books by Fes Works, Melissa Kaercher and Marcus A. Episode 1 has us take a look at DC Comics' new Justice League #1! Does it succeed or FAIL?


text:
import os, sys     # low level handling, such as command line stuff
import string      # string methods available
import re          # regular expressions
import getopt      # comand line argument handling
import math        # match functions
from low import *  # custom functions, written by myself

# =============================================================================
def show_help( ):
  """ displays the program parameter list and usage information """
  stdout( "usage: " + sys.argv[0] + " -f <path> -i -n" )
  stdout( " " )
  stdout( " option    description" )
  stdout( " -h        help (this text here)" )
  stdout( " -f        fasta file to import" )
  stdout( " -i        id mapping file" )
  stdout( " -n        column to look up the id for [0..n]" )
  stdout( " " )
  sys.exit(1)

# =============================================================================
def handle_arguments():
  """ verifies the presence of all necessary arguments and returns the data dir """
  if len ( sys.argv ) == 1:
    stderr( "no arguments provided." )
    show_help()

  try: # check for the right arguments
    keys, values = getopt.getopt( sys.argv[1:], "hf:i:n:" )
  except getopt.GetoptError:
    stderr( "invalid arguments provided." )
    show_help()

  args = {}
  for key, value in keys:
    if key == '-f': args['file'] = value
    if key == '-i': args['idfile'] = value
    if key == '-n': args['column'] = int(value)

  if not args.has_key('file'):
    stderr( "import file argument missing." )
    show_help()
  elif not file_exists( args.get('file') ):
    stderr( "import file does not exist." )
    show_help()

  if not args.has_key('idfile'):
    stderr( "import id file argument missing." )
    show_help()
  elif not file_exists( args.get('idfile') ):
    stderr( "import id file does not exist." )
    show_help()

  if not args.has_key('column'):
    stderr( "column argument missing." )
    show_help()

  return args

  return idhash

# =============================================================================
def get_idhash( args ):
  idhash = {}
  fo = open( args.get('idfile') )
  for line in fo:
    line = line.rstrip()
    if len(line.split("\t")) > 2:
      key = line.split("\t")[0]
      value = string.join(line.split("\t")[1:],"\t")
    else:
      key, value = line.split("\t")
    idhash[ key ] = value
  fo.close()
  return idhash

# =============================================================================
# === MAIN ====================================================================
# =============================================================================
def main( args ):

  idhash = get_idhash( args )

  fo = open( args.get('file') )
  for line in fo:
    line = line.rstrip()
    if line.startswith(">"):
      id = line[1:]
      print line
      #asdf = 0
    else:
      columns = line.split("\t")
      if args.get('column') == 0:
        lookup = id
      else:
        lookup = columns[ args.get('column') -1 ]
      if not idhash.has_key( lookup ):
        stderr( "lookup name not found in the id file: " + lookup )
        continue
        #sys.exit(1)
      id = idhash.get( lookup )
      columns.append(id)
      print string.join( columns, "\t" )
  fo.close()

# =============================================================================
args = handle_arguments()
main( args )

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


For folks that want to try a SAM tab, but don't want the pay the price for a shell cordovan one which I also make, I have produced these calfskin SAM tabs. Available in medium or large. I'll get these up on my website at: www.traditionsleathercraft.com today. Oh, and flat rate shipping of only $5 in the US!
I'm offering these for $35 which is a $10 savings versus the shell cordovan tabs on my site.


Among the first places a digital nomad visits in a new city are the cafes: the places where you work, play and have your meals. A cafe is where you will befriend locals and chat about the WiFi connection with fellow remote workers, so it has to be a cozy, welcoming place. In fact, it should be more! Because it's the place where you work, the cafe needs to be your muse!
A great design can boost your productivity and help you focus on your work, after you've admired it in details and took a deep breathe of its inspirational breeze. This is why is very important to find an amazing cafe to work from and this is why this article is just for you!
However, you can just visit these cafes for fun – no work, just pleasure!
For all the digital nomads with a passion for history, more specifically, Victorian era, there is the Vintage Emporium, a stylish cafe on the Brick Lane, London. A laptop is definitely going to contrast with the cafe interior, where you can find the essentials of a Victorian house, from vintage chairs and record players to original velvet dresses and hats. The Emporium is a museum, cafe and boutique at the same time, which will give you the feeling you've just entered a different world, a different age. The pleasant and quiet cafe is the perfect place to call home and office at the same time.
Another great cafe in London is the Lily Vanilly, which you will find hidden in an East London courtyard. This is actually a bakery, not a cafe, but you can have both a coffee and a cupcake, along with a deep breathe of vintage, rustic design. The establishment was founded by Lily Jones, a talented baker who wrote two recipe books while baking delicious cupcakes and not only. I have no idea if talent and creativity can be passed on via cupcakes, but I would definitely recommend you to try and steal some creativity from Lily Vanilly by indulging in her cupcakes.
L'Oisive The, Salon de The et Tricot is the full name of the Parisian establishment where you can serve a tea and enjoy colorful knitted items. They don't serve coffee, but all digital nomads can set their base in the L'Oisive and start working shoulder to shoulder with a local who came to knit. The tea shop hosts knitting events and has a shop where you can buy the latest works of art. You can suggest them to knit a backpack, perhaps.
When you are in need for socializing, you can drop by the L'Oisive and blend in with the crowd: they host weekly events.
This is the place to find the best coffee in Paris and maybe even in France, so you have to drop by for at least one day of work. Coutume, which translates to "custom", pays extra attention to all the steps which make an excellent coffee, from the planting to the actual brewing. What better place can you find to set up your laptop and start working than one where coffee is king and queen with a strong breeze of French style?!
Snickarbacken 7 is so much more than a cafe: here you can work, shop, drink and eat. If this doesn't make it the best place for a digital nomad, the fact it functions in an old 1800s building which was once a stable will definitely convince you. Snickarbacken 7 is a concept store which offers carefully selected clothes, magazines and books you can use as inspiration. If you want to take a break and do something interesting, just take a walk around the art gallery housed by the cafe.
Are you the type of digital nomad who enjoys privacy? Then, Hotel Central and Cafe is the perfect establishment for you: it's the smallest cafe in Denmark, with only five seats! The hotel is not bigger either: it only has one room. There is no website, of course – the owners don't want to have loads of customers for their tiny hotel.
Another European country, another time traveling adventure. This time we are invited to dive into a 19th century Jewish trader house. Once Upon a Time in Kazimierz is a small cafe where you can eat and sip a coffee while enjoying the original design of an old Jewish shop and house. There are only eleven tables available, so you have to wake up early to establish your base on one of them, but you won't regret it.
This is not a cafe, but you need to visit it at least once if you are in Baku. There are lots of amazing photos which roam the internet with this establishment, showing it from above. Why? It has no roof! There is a legend which states the karavanseray in Baku – traveler's inn – was bombed and it gained a hole in its roof. The story is not true, but who cares when you can enjoy your digital nomad life by sipping a cup of tea or coffee in a 14th century old karavanseray with no roof? The splendor of the place is given by the creeping plants which grow on the margins of the rooftop "hole", making the place look like an underground green cave from above. If you want to enjoy the local flavor and work, Karavansaray Restaurant is the place to spend your day in Azerbaijan.
Asia is amazing, but sometimes you will get home sick and this is when Little Nap is the cafe to visit. The small establishment located on a side of the Yoyogi park is designed in the purest vintage American style you can possibly find around the world. From the wood floors to the decorative drawings on the walls, everything is oozing a stylish American vintage design.
This amazing cafe was opened in 2012 on the grounds of a 1920s organic factory. This explains the size of the establishment, which covers one acre of land. But The Grounds is more than your average coffee shop: it has a coffee roastery, cafe, garden and a small farm. This amazing cafe provides a once in a lifetime experience for all the people who pay a visit and try their hand at baking and gardening. You will find a wholesome menu at The Grounds, which is sure to boost your motivation to continue your life as a digital nomad and discover more amazing places.
The Grounds was designed with people in mind and its owners host plenty of social events which can bring people together and offer them the opportunity to make new friends. Which is just what a digital nomad needs!
On top of these, The Grounds offers coffee brought from around the world, so you can taste a cup of coffee from India, Uganda, Brazil or Columbia while working on your new project.
Balzac's Roasters functions in the building constructed in 1895 on the principles inspired by the French writer. The cafe was established by a woman who wanted to celebrate both the writer and his passion for coffee, which he drank while writing. To make sure Balzac's is going to be a great place, Diana Olsen, the founder, spend one year in France, visiting cafe after cafe. Judging by the large chandelier which overlooks the thirsty visitors of the Balzac's, she made an amazing job.


text:
Logistics Consulting and Letters of Credit
Rate Request
Overseas Shipping to Beirut, Lebanon
Published by admin at June 1, 2017
Located on Beirut's northern Mediterranean coast, Port Beirut is one of the most important ports on the Eastern Mediterranean. With its area of 1.2 million square meters, including 16 quays and 4 basins, Port Beirut is one of the largest ports of the area, and handles the brunt of cargo coming into the Mediterranean and Middle East, to countries such as Syria, Jordan, Iraq, and the Gulf States.
Port Beirut accepts approximately 5.8 million tons annually, about 994,000 TEU in container volume. A big portion of the port's imports include textiles and construction equipment, including all types of excavators, bulldozers, cranes, and tractor trailers, which the Beirut Container Terminal Consortium handles, among other container terminal operations.
A few notable features of Port Beirut include:
Although there are 16 quays in Port Beirut, the 16th is the most utilized because of its new container terminal. This terminal is capable of handling 745,000 TEU per year.
The port underwent many important renovations and expansions after the Lebanese Civil War in 1990.
Port Beirut lacks a rail connection, but the future reinstatement of the rail system in Lebanon will provide a railway link to the port.
Because of the high volume of cargo accepted, the Beirut Container Terminal Consortium now utilizes the older quays for the smaller incoming container ships when quay 16 is in use.
For more information about the port of Beirut please visit: Beirut Port's Website. To receive international freight rate quotes for international car transport, construction equipment shipping and international shipping services to Beirut and other worldwide ports visit our rate request pages.
WE MOVE CARGO WORLDWIDE
Licensed & Bonded , FMC Number: 3566N/F
K International Transport Co., Inc.
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text:
Partner sub-repositories
DHanken Digital Repository of Hanken School of Economics
Deposit Markets, Lending Markets and Bank Screening Incentives
Mukminov, Rinat (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2015)
Economics and Society – 286
In the period from 2007 to 2009 the world experienced the deepest financial crisis since the Great Depression. The world economy was in the most severe recession since the Second World War. The financial crisis was followed by a debt crisis in the euro area, which is still far from being resolved. The world economy is yet to recover from the crisis. The financial crises are recurring phenomena. The financial crisis of 2007-2009 is in many ways similar to the previous crises. It has been argued that banks' poor screening incentives at the peak of the business cycle are one of the main causes of the recurring crises. Bank screening literature argues that in boom times, when the majority of loan applications are good, the price competition between the banks intensifies, leading to lower returns from screening loan applicants. As a consequence, screening standards decline and many bad loans end up on the bank balance sheets. Defaults of the bad loans lead to a deterioration of the banks' loan portfolios, which causes credit crunches and bank crises. There is also an emerging finance literature arguing that a lower cost of funds, such as a lower cost of deposits, cheaper credit in the interbank market, a lower discount rate, encourages the banks to take excessive risks. Excessive risk-taking by the banks can also lead to a bank crisis. These two approaches explain excessive bank risk-taking from two different points of view: the former one from the point of view of bank revenues, while the latter approach explains excessive risk-taking from the point of view of bank costs. The aim of this dissertation is to build a bridge between these two approaches. This dissertation contributes to the screening literature by explicitly introducing the cost of funds into a bank screening model. This is novel, as most previous bank screening literature has assumed the deposit market to be fully competitive with zero interest rate, thus ignoring the impact of the deposit interest rate on bank screening incentives. This dissertation also extends the literature, which explores the effects of costs of funds on the bank risk-taking, by explicitly modelling the banks' investment in screening of potential loan applicants.
Essays on the Economics of Retailing: Payments, Finance and Vertical Restraints
Saxén, Frans (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2013)
Much of the analysis of industrial organization implicitly assumes that firms sell directly to final consumers. However, many firms do not sell directly to the final consumers, but rather use intermediaries, such as wholesalers and retailers to distribute their products. The presence of such intermediaries affects significantly market outcomes. In particular, the contracts between manufacturers and retailers may significantly affect market outcomes, e.g. volumes and prices. Characteristic for these contracts is that they may contain vertical restraints, restrictions on what the retailers may do once they have acquired the products for resell. Another characteristic feature of these contracts is that they are typically devised by sophisticated contracting parties, who have strategic objectives. The reason for manufacturers, or upstream firms to impose vertical restraints on retailers, or downstream firms is that the actions of the downstream firms affect the upstream firm's profits. While vertical restraints may affect the profitability of the contracting parties, they may also affect other agents, such as consumers and suppliers. In this dissertation I focus on three distinct aspects of vertical relations. I look at how providers of payment cards affect competition between retailers, through the no surcharge rule; how suppliers can expand their output by financing the establishment of new retailers; and how buyer alliances can extract surplus from suppliers through the use of market share contracts. Common to these essays is the strategic behavior by agents on one level affecting market outcomes at another vertical level.
Asset Pricing in Small Sized Developed Markets
Butt, Hilal Anwar (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2013)
Asset pricing as a subject is a quest to rationalize different prices associated with different assets that are on offer in financial markets. It does so, using a set of assumptions to mathematically model investors' behavior, over a set of alternative choices, each leading to an uncertain future outcome. Under this scenario, investors make a choice of foregoing a part of today's consumption for tomorrow in a way that marginal utility of loss of consumption today is equal to marginal gain in utility tomorrow. This equivalence theoretically determines asset prices. Therefore, there is only one prediction in asset pricing: asset returns must line up with the marginal rate of substitution (MRS) that they provide to the investors. This thesis is an attempt to map in particular the theoretical MRS with empirically available proxies of liquidity risk for small-sized developed markets. In the first essay a number of asset pricing models are tested for the Finnish market. Generally, the results differ in comparison with other markets. For the small Finnish market the significance and size of many risk factors change once equally or value weighted portfolio returns are used. However, the Carhart (1997) model is by far the best performing model for both equally and value weighted portfolios. Once the Capital Asset Pricing model is conditioned with a January dummy the model becomes significant for value weighted portfolios, whereas conditioned with an illiquidity factor, returns are better explained for equally weighted portfolios. The other essays summarize the effect of illiquidity for the Finnish and Nordic equity markets. The proposition that illiquidity matters for illiquid markets is sufficiently fulfilled. In one article we find that of the total return differential between the most illiquid and liquid assets, up to 92% is explained by the liquidity risk factor. For the U.S market the corresponding percentage is 17. Further, the illiquidity factor explains more than the CAPM model. There is also ample evidence that the single most successful illiquidity factor has explanatory capacity that is comparable to that of the three or four factor models of Fama and French (1993) and Carhart (1997) respectively. Finally, illiquidity appears to be important for all the Nordic equity markets. However, this evidence is not revealed using commonly proposed measures of illiquidity. Only when the proposed measure of illiquidity accounts for non-trading intervals and speed of trading, it is found that liquidity risk is linked with expected returns in the Nordic markets.
Essays on the Economics of Environmental and Sustainability Labelling
Schollenberg, Linda (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2013)
Environmental protection, sustainability, and the combat against climate change are central topics for today's societies. For reaching policy targets in any of these areas, it will be crucial to achieve far-ranging behaviour change in many respects. Given that a substantial part of environmental problems can be traced back to consumption patterns, involving citizens and impacting on consumer behaviour are of major importance. There is a growing need to design policy programmes which have the potential to succeed in setting the right incentives. Environmental and sustainability labelling is one of the policy instruments increasingly employed to meet this objective. However, to date the market shares of products with environmental or sustainability labels remain low and stated positive consumer attitudes towards labelled products do not consistently translate into buying behaviour. So what are the main obstacles preventing efficient labelling and the factors impacting negatively on the demand side? Contributing to answering this central question is one of the main objectives of this thesis. It consists of three self-contained essays which study various aspects of the potential impact of labelling on the market for food products with a sustainability or ethical background. The first paper takes up the topic of the pricing of labelled products and applies a hedonic pricing framework to the case of Fair Trade labelled coffee in Sweden. The second paper is concerned with the attitude-behaviour gap with regard to purchasing organic food and focuses on various determinants of demand for products with an organic label. The third paper focuses on the analysis of consumer choice in the presence of the growing multitude of environmental and ethical labels used for marking products with a respective background. The results obtained in this thesis present highly relevant empirical results and are of interest to policymakers and scholars alike as they do not only focus on policy advice but also stimulate the academic debate. Its analysis of the impact the existing multiplicity of labels has on consumers contributes to a research front which has not received appropriate levels of attention yet. Findings point to a need to modify the current set-up in the field of environmental, sustainability, and ethical labelling. Focusing on consumers' needs in trying to make labelling schemes work efficiently and lowering consumer evaluation costs as much as possible should be given high priority in the design of policy measures. Public sector involvement will continue to be of key importance.
Empirical Studies on Labor Market Matching (summary section only)
Soininen, Heidi (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2006)
Economics and Society
This thesis analyzes how matching takes place at the Finnish labor market from three different angles. The Finnish labor market has undergone severe structural changes following the economic crisis in the early 1990s. The labor market has had problems adjusting from these changes and hence a high and persistent unemployment has followed. In this thesis I analyze if matching problems, and in particular if changes in matching, can explain some of this persistence. The thesis consists of three essays. In the first essay Finnish Evidence of Changes in the Labor Market Matching Process the matching process at the Finnish labor market is analyzed. The key finding is that the matching process has changed thoroughly between the booming 1980s and the post-crisis period. The importance of the number of unemployed, and in particular long-term unemployed, for the matching process has vanished. More unemployed do not increase matching as theory predicts but rather the opposite. In the second essay, The Aggregate Matching Function and Directed Search -Finnish Evidence, stock-flow matching as a potential micro foundation of the aggregate matching function is studied. In the essay I show that newly unemployed match mainly with the stock of vacancies while longer term unemployed match with the inflow of vacancies. When aggregating I still find evidence of the traditional aggregate matching function. This could explain the huge support the aggregate matching function has received despite its odd randomness assumption. The third essay, How do Registered Job Seekers really match? -Finnish occupational level Evidence, studies matching for nine occupational groups and finds that very different matching problems exist for different occupations. In this essay also misspecification stemming from non-corresponding variables is dealt with through the introduction of a completely new set of variables. The new outflow measure used is vacancies filled with registered job seekers and it is matched by the supply side measure registered job seekers.
A Cointegration Approach to Topics in Empirical Macroeconomics (summary section only)
Juselius, Mikael (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2007)
Mikael Juselius' doctoral dissertation covers a range of significant issues in modern macroeconomics by empirically testing a number of important theoretical hypotheses. The first essay presents indirect evidence within the framework of the cointegrated VAR model on the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor by using Finnish manufacturing data. Instead of estimating the elasticity of substitution by using the first order conditions, he develops a new approach that utilizes a CES production function in a model with a 3-stage decision process: investment in the long run, wage bargaining in the medium run and price and employment decisions in the short run. He estimates the elasticity of substitution to be below one. The second essay tests the restrictions implied by the core equations of the New Keynesian Model (NKM) in a vector autoregressive model (VAR) by using both Euro area and U.S. data. Both the new Keynesian Phillips curve and the aggregate demand curve are estimated and tested. The restrictions implied by the core equations of the NKM are rejected on both U.S. and Euro area data. These results are important for further research. The third essay is methodologically similar to essay 2, but it concentrates on Finnish macro data by adopting a theoretical framework of an open economy. Juselius' results suggests that the open economy NKM framework is too stylized to provide an adequate explanation for Finnish inflation. The final essay provides a macroeconometric model of Finnish inflation and associated explanatory variables and it estimates the relative importance of different inflation theories. His main finding is that Finnish inflation is primarily determined by excess demand in the product market and by changes in the long-term interest rate. This study is part of the research agenda carried out by the Research Unit of Economic Structure and Growth (RUESG). The aim of RUESG it to conduct theoretical and empirical research with respect to important issues in industrial economics, real option theory, game theory, organization theory, theory of financial systems as well as to study problems in labor markets, macroeconomics, natural resources, taxation and time series econometrics. RUESG was established at the beginning of 1995 and is one of the National Centers of Excellence in research selected by the Academy of Finland. It is financed jointly by the Academy of Finland, the University of Helsinki, the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation, Bank of Finland and the Nokia Group. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
Sustainability and Mission Drift in Microfinance
Kar, Ashim Kumar (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2010)
Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are constrained by double bottom-lines: meeting social obligations (the first bottom-line) and obtaining financial self-sufficiency (the second bottom-line). The proponents of the first bottom-line, however, are increasingly concerned that there is a trade-off between these two bottom-lines—i.e., getting hold of financial self-sufficiency may lead MFIs to drift away from their original social mission of serving the very poor, commonly known as mission drift in microfinance which is still a controversial issue. This study aims at addressing the concerns for mission drift in microfinance in a performance analysis framework. Chapter 1 deals with theoretical background, motivation and objectives of the topic. Then the study explores the validity of three major and related present-day concerns. Chapter 2 explores the impact of profitability on outreach-quality in MFIs, commonly known as mission drift, using a unique panel database that contains 4-9 years' observations from 253 MFIs in 69 countries. Chapter 3 introduces factor analysis, a multivariate tool, in the process of analysing mission drift in microfinance and the exercise in this chapter demonstrates how the statistical tool of factor analysis can be utilised to examine this conjecture. In order to explore why some microfinance institutions (MFIs) perform better than others, Chapter 4 looks at factors which have an impact on several performance indicators of MFIs—profitability or sustainability, repayment status and cost indicators—based on quality-data on 353 institutions in 77 countries. The study also demonstrates whether such mission drift can be avoided while having self-sustainability. In Chapter 5 we examine the impact of capital and financing structure on the performance of microfinance institutions where estimations with instruments have been performed using a panel dataset of 782 MFIs in 92 countries for the period 2000-2007. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes the study by summarising the results from the previous chapters and suggesting some directions for future studies.
Somali State Failure: Players, Incentives and Institutions
Ismail, Abdirashid A. (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2010)
In Somalia the central government collapsed in 1991 and since then state failure became a widespread phenomenon and one of the greatest political and humanitarian problems facing the world in this century. Thus, the main objective of this research is to answer the following question: What went wrong? Most of the existing literature on the political economy of conflict starts from the assumption that state in Africa is predatory by nature. Unlike these studies, the present research, although it uses predation theory, starts from the social contract approach of state definition. Therefore, rather than contemplating actions and policies of the rulers alone, this approach allows us to deliberately bring the role of the society – as citizens – and other players into the analyses. In Chapter 1, after introducing the study, a simple principal-agent model will be developed to check the logical consistence of the argument and to make the identification of causal mechanism easier. I also identify three main actors in the process of state failure in Somalia: the Somali state, Somali society and the superpowers. In Chapter 2, so as to understand the incentives, preferences and constraints of each player in the state failure game, I in some depth analyse the evolution and structure of three central informal institutions: identity based patronage system of leadership, political tribalism, and the Cold War. These three institutions are considered as the rules of the game in the Somali state failure. Chapter 3 summarises the successive civilian governments' achievements and failures (1960-69) concerning the main national goals, national unification and socio-economic development. Chapter 4 shows that the military regime, although it assumed power through extralegal means, served to some extent the developmental interest of the citizens in the first five years of its rule. Chapter 5 shows the process, and the factors involved, of the military regime's self-transformation from being an agent for the developmental interests of the society to a predatory state that not only undermines the interests of the society but that also destroys the state itself. Chapter 6 addresses the process of disintegration of the post-colonial state of Somalia. The chapter shows how the regime's merciless reactions to political ventures by power-seeking opposition leaders shattered the entire country and wrecked the state institutions. Chapter 7 concludes the study by summarising the main findings: due to the incentive structures generated by the informal institutions, the formal state institutions fell apart.
Monetary Policy Implementation in the Interbank Market
Kempa, Michal (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2009)
The liquidity crisis that swept through the financial markets in 2007 triggered multi-billion losses and forced buyouts of some large banks. The resulting credit crunch is sometimes compared to the great recession in the early twentieth century. But the crisis also serves as a reminder of the significance of the interbank market and of proper central bank policy in this market. This thesis deals with implementation of monetary policy in the interbank market and examines how central bank tools affect commercial banks' decisions. I answer the following questions: •	What is the relationship between the policy setup and interbank interest rate volatility? (averaging reserve requirement reduces the volatility) •	What can explain a weak relationship between market liquidity and the interest rate? (high reserve requirement buffer) •	What determines banks' decisions on when to satisfy the reserve requirement? (market frictions) •	How did the liquidity crisis that began in 2007 affect interbank market behaviour? (resulted in higher credit risk and trading frictions as well as expected liquidity shortage)
Growth and Convergence: The case of China
Jiang, Yanqing (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2009)
Growth and Convergence: The Case of China Since the initiation of economic reforms in 1978, China has become one of the world's fast-growing economies. The rapid growth, however, has not been shared equally across the different regions in China. The prominent feature of substantial differences in incomes and growth rates across the different Chinese regions has attracted the attention of many researchers. This book focuses on issues related to economic growth and convergence across the Chinese regions over the past three decades. The book has eight chapters. Apart from an introduction chapter and a concluding chapter, all the other chapters each deal with some certain aspects of the central issue of regional growth and convergence across China over the past three decades. The whole book is organized as follows. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the basic issues involved in this book. Chapter 2 tests economic growth and convergence across 31 Chinese provinces during 1981-2005, based on the theoretical framework of the Solow growth model. Chapter 3 investigates the relationship between openness to foreign economic activities, such as foreign trade and foreign direct investment, and the regional economic growth in the case of China during 1981-2005. Chapter 4, based on data of 31 Chinese provinces over the period 1980-2004, presents new evidence on the effects of structural shocks and structural transformation on growth and convergence among the Chinese regions. Chapter 5, by building up an empirical model that takes account of different potential effects of foreign direct investment, focuses on the impacts of foreign direct investment on China's regional economic performance and growth. Chapter 6 reconsiders the growth and convergence problem of the Chinese regions in an alternative theoretical framework with endogenous saving behavior and capital mobility across regions. Chapter 7, by building up a theoretical model concerning comparative advantage and transaction efficiency, focuses on one of the potential mechanisms through which China achieves its fast economic growth over the past few decades. Chapter 8 concludes the book by summarizing the results from the previous chapters and suggesting directions for further studies.
Essays on Platforms: Business Strategies, Regulation and Policy in Telecommunications, Media and Technology Industries
Tåg, Joacim (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2008)
The growth of the information economy has been stellar in the last decade. General-purpose technologies such as the computer and the Internet have promoted productivity growth in a large number of industries. The effect on telecommunications, media and technology industries has been particularly strong. These industries include mobile telecommunications, printing and publishing, broadcasting, software, hardware and Internet services. There have been large structural changes, which have led to new questions on business strategies, regulation and policy. This thesis focuses on four such questions and answers them by extending the theoretical literature on platforms. The questions (with short answers) are: (i) Do we need to regulate how Internet service providers discriminate between content providers? (Yes.) (ii) What are the welfare effects of allowing consumers to pay to remove advertisements from advertisement-supported products?(Ambiguous, but those watching ads are worse off.) (iii) Why are some markets characterized by open platforms, extendable by third parties, and some by closed platforms, which are not extendable? (It is a trade-off between intensified competition for consumers and benefits from third parties) (iv) Do private platform providers allow third parties to access their platform when it is socially desirable? (No.)
Financial Crisis and Performance of Analysts´ Recommendations: Evidence from Asian Emerging Markets
Farooq, Omar (Svenska handelshögskolan, 2008)


While this set is clearly focused on the gun it does contain a number of figures, and so is of particular interest to us. As usual we will pay little attention to the main piece, the gun, although this 17 piece model is really nice to put together and has been made to allow it to traverse through 360 degrees and have an elevation from -3 to +85 degrees (i.e. the relevant parts are not glued), just as with the real thing. However as this has a shield it is clearly intended for an anti-armour role rather than the original anti-aircraft role, and it is as a tank-buster that it acquired such an awesome reputation, particularly in North Africa. Suggestions that the 37 was not used for this role have apparently been refuted, so this makes a great artillery piece that to our casual eye looks accurate and nicely detailed too.
Moving on to the crew, the first thing to say is these men belong to a Luftwaffe battery. This is apparent because all wear the Luftwaffe tropical trousers (with the large pocket on the left thigh), and the officer is wearing a 'Hermann Meyer' cap (introduced April 1942), which again was a unique Luftwaffe item. This cap (the name was unofficial and a reference to the stupidity of Hermann Göring) has not been done before in this hobby, and so is particularly welcome. Otherwise the men are in fairly standard costume, with some in tunics and others in shirt sleeves. Some wear helmets, some side caps and some the popular peaked field cap. All this has been well sculpted apart from the side cap, which is shown pulled down hard over the head when it was almost always worn at a jaunty angle over the right eye. More could have been done to make these men more 'casual', but what we have here is absolutely fine and we can have no complaints.
The poses rather speak for themselves. We have four men handling ammunition, plus a gunner, range-finder and two officers or spotters. All these are OK as far as they go but as so often what is lacking is anyone actually handling the gun itself. The seated man sits on a stool on the gun, but he has both arms firmly at his side and is therefore doing nothing. Plenty of photographs exist showing the gun being used, so we are not clear why no attempt has been made to have men actually using the gun - at least reading the instruments or something. Exactly what the first kneeling man is doing is also far from clear. Presumably he is picking up a round from the ground, but he is not one of our favourite poses.
All the figures are crisply sculpted and crisply moulded, and while some of those handling ammunition have a little excess plastic, no one has any flash and these are very good quality figures. The man with the range-finder has his instrument as a separate piece, which is well worth the small effort necessary to assemble. At an average 24.5mm the height of the men is good, so with the very good detail these are excellent.
Artillery crews, like vehicle drivers, are not nearly as common as they should be in this hobby, and we loudly welcome any company that provides a crew with their kits. Italeri have produced a very nice crew, although why they chose the less widely usable Luftwaffe instead of more generic figures we cannot guess. The quality of production is excellent, but the poses range from great to rather pointless. Still a gun crew is a gun crew, and with few rivals this kit has some very useful figures, most of which we would happily recommend.


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The addition of fertilizers with surfactants and electron acceptors profoundly stimulated the indigenous microorganisms with N1, O1 and O2 species as substrates while those with O3 and O4 species were little affected. An enriched abundance of alkB genes was observed during the degradation of saturated hydrocarbons. Monitoring the kinetics of the microbial community, functional genes and degradation offers a comprehensive view for the understanding and optimization of the biostimulation process.