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Wildlife conservation and community volunteer projects and internships worldwide
Tel +44 1273 479 047
Volunteer for Wildlife Conservation
"The conservation of wildlife, and biodiversity, is one of the most critical issues of our time—and it is at the heart of what we do at WorkingAbroad."
Vicky McNeil (WorkingAbroad Founder)
The conservation of wildlife, and biodiversity, is one of the most critical issues of our time—and it is at the heart of what we do at WorkingAbroad.
Global wildlife populations have decreased by 68% since 1970, in just 50 years, due to human activity and particularly over-consumption and unsustainable farming. This shocking loss of life affects human health and well-being, and the negative impacts on society and the planet are growing.
We define wildlife as 'life outside of human civilisation', but wildlife is the core of our life systems. Every region of the world has diverse collections of wildlife that inhabit—and sustain—the environment.
Wildlife helps maintain the ecological balance of nature. And nature provides us with our most essential goods and services: breathable air, clean water, food, fibres, building materials, medicines, energy, fertile soils, climate regulation, transport, and recreational and spiritual values. Wildlife is a source of inspiration and wonder and is of immense cultural importance for every country and community across the globe.
The planet's biodiversity—the biological variety and variability of life, from viruses and fungi to great apes like us—is found in its highest concentrations across the Earth's tropical regions and oceans. For this reason, it is of paramount importance to protect the last of our great forest and marine habitats.
Protecting wildlife demands large-scale change. It is vital to protect wild landscapes and ensure connectivity between them for gene flow, allowing species movement and migration across large spaces. It is equally as important to educate society about the importance of protecting large areas of wilderness.
WorkingAbroad is partnering with projects around the world to protect, conserve and restore strategically important habitats so that wildlife can flourish. We are seeking volunteers to join our place-based initiatives located on the frontlines of wildlife conservation and restoration across the globe. Gain conservation experience by patrolling with rangers in the Peruvian Amazon or monitoring marine life in the Great African Seaforest.
Our founders vet each project partner to ensure they meet our rigorous standards of ethics, effectiveness and professionalism.
Our Projects with Wildlife Conservation
Cloud Forest Conservation & Sustainability Volunteer Project, Ecuador
Duration 1-12 Weeks
Become an environmental volunteer in Ecuador to conserve a part of the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest and get involved in reforestation, organic agriculture, sustainable living and building projects, and Capuchin Monkey research.
Sea Search Whale & Dolphin Research Programme, South Africa
Duration 1 to 4 months
Join a team of scientists in Cape Town and gain experience in researching whale and dolphin species including humpback whales, humpback dolphins and killer whales.
Seychelles Island Conservation Volunteer Programme
Duration 2-4 Weeks
Join various island and tropical wildlife conservation projects within the beautiful Nature Reserve on Cousin Island in the Seychelles. These projects are aimed at conserving the natural environment of the island that include sea turtle monitoring, bird ringing, habitat conservation and censuses of tortoises, skinks and geckos.
Great Barrier Reef Conservation Project, Australia
Join a marine conservation internship in Australia's Great Barrier Reef. Help to protect this amazing natural wonder and develop your conservation and research skills alongside experienced marine biologists.
Playa Tortuga Conservation Volunteer Project, Costa Rica
Duration 1 week to 6 months
Volunteer in Costa Rica and live and work in a biological research station and take part in sea turtle, butterfly, caiman, crocodile, tree boa, monkey and mammal research and environmental education.
Amazon Forest Rangers Volunteer Programme, Peru
Duration 1+ Weeks
Volunteer or intern in Peru and have the rare opportunity to work as a forest ranger, gaining experience in patrolling vulnerable areas and monitoring wildlife.
Ocean Research Conservation Project, South Africa
Duration 1 week - 10 months
Volunteer with dolphin, seal and whale research in South Africa. Take part in marine conservation, penguin rescue and educational projects along the South African coast. Special two week vet programme with an animal shelter also available.
Caribbean Reef Buddy Diving Project, Carriacou, West Indies
Duration 2 Weeks+
Become a Caribbean Reef Buddy volunteer and join us on the beautiful island of Carriacou near Grenada. Try some Caribbean diving, learn to dive in the warm, crystal clear waters of the Caribbean and play an active part in our exciting marine conservation projects. Also an opportunity to kick-start your diving career with our Eco Divemaster programme!
Shamwari Big Five Game Reserve Volunteer Programme, South Africa
Duration 1 - 12 weeks
Join an award-winning conservation team in a Big Five Game Reserve in South Africa, boasting a huge variety of game over a vast 23,000 hectares.
Blue Lagoon Coral Reef Project, Mauritius
Volunteer in Mauritius in the Indian Ocean and take part in a coral reef monitoring and marine conservation volunteer and internship programme, which includes coral reef farming and restoration, lagoon monitoring and sea turtle research in the beautiful Blue Bay Marine Park.
Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Volunteer Programme, Costa Rica
Duration 11 days -12 weeks
Volunteer in Costa Rica and become a sea turtle volunteer, helping to conserve and protect the populations of vulnerable Olive Ridleys. Located on the spectacular Pacific coast where Olive Ridley turtles come up in thousands at a time for this phenomenon of nature called 'arribadas'.
Nature's Valley Volunteer Programme, South Africa
Duration 1 to 12 weeks
Gain hands on Conservation, Education and Ecological Research experience in South Africa and help protect Nature's Valley.
Amazon Research and Conservation Volunteer & Internship Project, Peru
Volunteer or intern in Peru and have the rare opportunity to work alongside and learn from expert biologists and conservationists about the forest, tropical wildlife and conservation efforts in the deep Amazon rainforest.
Ocean Spirits Leatherback Sea Turtle Volunteer Project, Grenada
Volunteer in the Caribbean as a Research Assistant and take part in leatherback sea turtle monitoring, research, and community outreach programmes on the island of Grenada.
Maldives Island Volunteer Project
Volunteer in the Maldives and join various environmental, medical, community and marine conservation projects within the tropical island of Naifaru, the capital of the Lhaviyani Atoll.
Sea Turtle Conservation Volunteer Project, Greece
Volunteer to protect endangered sea turtles in Greece while getting hands-on field research experience, meeting new people and exploring the Kefalonian coast.
Galapagos Conservation Volunteers
Volunteer on a range of wildlife conservation and environmental projects on Isabela island, Galapagos. Join a dynamic team of volunteers and local staff while supporting the unique ecosystem of the Galapagos islands.
Desert Elephants Volunteer Project, Namibia
Track desert elephants and take part in community building volunteer work in the beautiful Damaraland region of the Namib Desert.
Coral Reef Conservation & Diving Project, Thailand
Join a marine and coral reef conservation project on Koh Phangan island in Thailand's Samui archipelago. A great opportunity for students looking to gain diving and scientific research experience in a stunning tropical setting and kickstart a career in marine conservation.
Elephant Conservation Volunteer Project, Sri Lanka
Assist with the conservation of wild elephant populations and carnivore research in a vast national park located in the heart of Sri Lanka. Support the efforts to mitigate human-wildlife conflict in the region for the protection of wildlife and livelihoods of local farmers.
Wildlife Reserve Volunteer Programme, South Africa
Volunteer at a wildlife reserve in South Africa. A true bush experience which gives volunteers a chance to live amongst and help to protect a range of amazing wildlife species.
Wildlife Conservation & San Bushmen Community Project, Namibia
Duration 10 days to 12 weeks
Join this project as a wildlife conservation, carnivore conservation or medical volunteer and help conserve wildlife or provide medical care to the San Bushmen community. Specialist Wildlife Rehabilitation courses also available. Rhino Rangers anti-poaching programme also available.
The Great African Seaforest Marine Volunteer Programme, South Africa
Join a team of passionate marine biologists and conservationists in the field and get hands-on experience working on marine research and conservation projects. Assist with scientific monitoring projects, citizen science initiatives and explore the kelp forests whilst on fish and shark surveys with the research team. Contribute to long term monitoring programmes of the great African sea forest.
Pacific Sea Turtle Volunteer Project, Costa Rica
Volunteer with sea turtles in Costa Rica on our Olive, Green and Hawksbill Ridley turtle research programme on the spectacular Pacific coast of Costa Rica on the amazing Playa Hermosa, at Punta Mala beach.
Reforestation Volunteer Project, Iceland
Duration 2 weeks
Volunteers are needed to help with ecological restoration and reforestation in the region of Úlfljótsvatn lake in the southwest of Iceland
California Conservation Volunteer Project
An opportunity to volunteer all across National Parks and Nature Reserves throughout California, whilst gaining experience in ecological restoration and conservation work
Bottlenose Dolphin Volunteer Research Project, Croatia
Duration 2 - 4 weeks
This project is the longest ongoing study of a resident population of bottlenose dolphins in the Mediterranean Sea focusing on dolphin population dynamics, photo – identification, behavioural sampling and acoustic monitoring.
Wolf Conservation Volunteer Project, Portugal
Volunteer at an ethical wolf sanctuary. Learn about wolf conservation in Portugal whilst supporting the welfare of the endangered Iberian wolf.
White Wilderness – Carpathian Wolf Tracking Volunteer Project, Slovakia
Duration 1 Week+
Track Wolves in the beautiful Tatra mountains in Slovakia, the highest range of the Carpathians, and learn more about this magnificent animal.
Kiwi Conservation Volunteer & Internship Project, New Zealand
Volunteer in New Zealand and help to preserve the native forest and kiwi birds of the Kauri Coast. Explore an undiscovered forest while learning about conservation and wilderness skills.
Conservation Volunteering in New Zealand
Become a conservation volunteer and enjoy beautiful environments across New Zealand, whilst contributing to practical conservation projects.
Dolphin Research Volunteer Project, Greece
Volunteer on this dolphin and monk seal research project in the Ionian Sea and help to ensure the long-term survival of Bottlenose and Common Dolphins and Mediterranean Monk Seals.
Whale and Dolphin Conservation Volunteer Project, Hebrides
Volunteer aboard the research yacht Silurian, exploring the Hebrides and collecting visual and acoustic data on various species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.
Statia Conservation Volunteer Project, St. Eustatius, Caribbean
Volunteer in the Caribbean on the stunning island of St. Eustatius, in the Dutch Antilles, overlooking St. Kitts in the Caribbean Sea
Watamu Sea Turtle Volunteer Project, Kenya
An opportunity to take part in Kenya sea turtle conservation involving research and monitoring, working at a turtle rehabilitation centre and protecting nesting sites along the Watamu Coastline.
Wildlife Monitoring & Deep Wilderness Expedition, Sweden
Join a comprehensive field expedition designed to teach you many skills you will need for future adventures in the deep wilderness or even for a future career in wildlife biology.
Wildlife Rescue Internship Project, Canada
Duration 4 weeks-6 Months
Join a team of passionate animal husbandry professionals in the field and get hands-on experience in a wildlife rehabilitation centre that specialises in the treatment, care and release of sick, injured and orphaned Canadian native mammal species including black bear, raccoon, river otter, beaver and more.
Dolphin Research Project, Namibia
Join this Dolphin Research Project in Namibia as a Marine Intern and help collect high quality data for science and management. Live in Walvis Bay home to colonies of seals and flamingos.
Dolphin & Whale Volunteer Research Project, Italy
A sailing-boat based cetacean volunteer research and conservation programme in the Western Mediterranean located between Italy and France.
Amazon Restoration Volunteer Programme, Peru
Volunteer in the Peruvian Amazon with a rainforest regeneration project. Plant a tree or a hundred and learn from our team of master Amazonian agroforesters.
Kariega Big Five Game Reserve Volunteer Programme, South Africa
Become a Wildlife Conservation Volunteer in a Big Five Game Reserve in South Africa, and get involved in elephant, rhino and lion monitoring programmes.
Dolphin & Whale Research Volunteer Project, Portugal
Volunteer in Portugal and support Dolphin & Whale Conservation and Research whilst exploring the Algarve coastline.
Wildlife and Biodiversity Facts
1.2 million species have been described globally, though it is estimated that there are around 8.7 million species globally, of which around 2.2 million are marine.
The total biomass (weight) of livestock (farmed animals) accounts for much more than all wildlife. In fact, livestock outweighs wild mammals and birds by a factor of ten (10x).
Roughly only 3 per cent of the world's wild ecosystems remain intact.
The world is in a sixth mass extinction of life on Earth. Biodiversity is plunging, from lions to insects, mainly due to habitat destruction for farming.
In June 2021, the leaders of the G7 committed to support and drive the protection, conservation and restoration of ecosystems critical to halt and reverse biodiversity loss and tackle climate change, such as supporting the target to conserve or protect at least 30% of global land and at least 30% of the global ocean by the end of the decade.
Wildlife Conservation Strategies
To mitigate the loss of wildlife and biodiversity, society must avoid converting wildlands, such as forests, into farmland and buildings, while also restoring wild landscapes and ecosystems. We must:
Ensure transparency and accountability at all levels of the supply chain, in particular of deforestation products such as cattle, palm oil, soy, timber and rubber. In addition, financial institutions and buyers must ensure that soft commodities are deforestation-free.
Governments must clamp down on the trade of wildlife, in particular endangered species, and increase spending on safeguarding national parks to prevent encroachment of farming and poaching.
Sustainable strategies must be co-developed, based on free, prior and informed consent, for indigenous peoples and local communities living in and around wilderness areas.
Take Action for Wildlife
Know the origin – Check the source of the products you buy to ensure that you are not buying products that contribute to the destruction of habitat elsewhere. Organic & zero-deforestation labels are good!
Support local farms – Buy most of your produce from local small farmers to help support the local economy and biodiversity while also reducing your carbon footprint.
Save insects – Bees and other insects are pollinators of our food and form an integral part of the food chain. Support them by planting nectar-producing wildflowers in your backyard or even building bee boxes for local bees.
Plant local flowers, fruits and vegetables – Plant native species in your local area to protect indigneous biodiversity.
Respect habitats – Our oceans, freshwater systems, reserves and parks are sacred places that provide us with the very essential services we need for life. So, tread carefully, don't leave trash, and speak up if you see someone damaging a natural space.
Volunteer to protect wildlife – See our wildlife conservation programmes and apply today!
Ethical and Responsible Conservation and Community Volunteer and Internship Projects Worldwide
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Breaches of safety procedures: serious, but not serious misconduct?
by Saul Harben, Steve Bowler
Employers may think that a serious breach of safety procedures is automatically serious misconduct and provide strong grounds for the employee's immediate dismissal, but this isn't necessarily so.
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Where an employee fails to comply with an employer's safety procedures, the employer may feel justified in dismissing the employee on the basis of serious misconduct, given that the employee's actions have placed themselves and others at risk. However, as reflected in a recent decision of the Fair Work Commission (Harrington v Coates Hire Operations Pty Limited [2015] FWC 2598), unless the employee's breach of safety procedures was "wilful or deliberate", it may fall short of being considered serious misconduct, in which case the dismissal may be deemed to be unfair.
What happened in Harrington?
Mr Harrington was employed as a driver by Coates, which was involved in construction of the Gold Coast Light Rail line in 2014. Part of his duties involved delivering and picking up portable toilets on the site. Previously, parts of the Rail line that had "gone live" were designated as "hazard zones", with special safety requirements applying to any work carried out in those zones. In the course of his duties, Mr Harrington stopped his truck next to part of the tracks to collect a damaged disposable toilet, near some overhead wires, believing this part of the site was not live. Unbeknownst to him, the entire Rail line had recently gone live.
While no-one was injured as a result of Mr Harrington's actions, Coates considered his presence in that part of the site to be a serious hazard and a breach of its safety requirements. After meeting with Mr Harrington and getting his response, Coates labelled his conduct a "serious safety breach that constitutes serious misconduct", and dismissed him.
After fairly protracted proceedings (Mr Harrington's case was originally upheld, overturned by the Full Bench on appeal, and ordered to rehearing), Commissioner Booth found in Mr Harrington's favour and ordered his reinstatement, finding not only was there not a valid reason for Mr Harrington's dismissal, but that the dismissal was harsh, unjust and unreasonable in the circumstances.
Mr Harrington's mistaken views about safety were not serious misconduct
In reaching her decision, Commissioner Booth strongly disagreed that Mr Harrington's actions equated to serious misconduct, stating:
"It is clear that Mr Harrington's conduct on my findings cannot have been wilful or a deliberate conduct: he genuinely thought the site was dead and that his undertaking of his duties was completely safe".
The Commissioner also noted that:
Mr Harrington had not been advised when making inquiries about the job that it would be inside a hazard zone;
there were no visible hazard zone signs, tape, bunting or any other indication that the area Mr Harrington in was live, as was normally the case;
by Coates' own admission, Mr Harrington's branch had never been told in "toolbox" meetings that the entire site had gone live;
the work order issued to Mr Harrington did not include a safety warning, but was amended shortly after the incident to include a safety warning;
Mr Harrington's conduct in carrying out the task (based on video footage) reflected that he took care and performed his work in a safe manner; and
prior to this safety incident, Mr Harrington's record (in almost 12 years of service) was unblemished.
On the basis of the above factors, Commissioner Booth determined that Mr Harrington's actions, while technically a breach of safety requirements and potentially dangerous, were "neither wilful nor negligent", but rather reflected that Mr Harrington was "uninformed of relevant risk factors". On that basis, his dismissal was unfair.
Trust and confidence: Just saying it's gone won't prevent reinstatement
In Harrington, Coates argued that reinstating Mr Harrington was inappropriate in the circumstances, as it had "lost trust and confidence" in him as a result of his breach of safety procedures. However, Commissioner Booth rejected this argument, stating that she found Mr Harrington to be "an honest and very willing worker", and that if he was reinstated, there was no reason to suspect that he would not continue to perform his duties in a satisfactory manner and in the best interests of Coates.
In ordering Mr Harrington's reinstatement, the Commissioner acknowledged that the parties would have to "display some magnanimity towards each other at the recommencement of their working relationship", but felt that there was nothing in the evidence to suggest that the parties were incapable of doing so.
It is also worth noting that Commissioner Booth commented on the various changes to procedures implemented by Coates after the incident as demonstrating the seriousness with which it regarded the incident. However, she also observed that the changes reinforced the submissions made by Mr Harrington that Coates' previous procedures were "insufficient in the circumstances".
Employers in a stronger position where safety breach is "wilful or deliberate"
There is no argument that employees involved in serious safety incidents may be subject to disciplinary action, particularly if they have failed to follow established safety procedures. However, in the context of what level of disciplinary action may be appropriate, there may be a significant difference between an employee who has had an inadvertent lapse of concentration that results in a safety breach, and an employee who deliberately and knowingly disregards a safety requirement. On that point, it should be noted that the Fair Work Regulations defines "serious misconduct" to mean conduct that includes both of the following:
(a) "wilful and deliberate behaviour by an employee that is inconsistent with the continuation of the contract of employment";
(b) "conduct that causes serious and imminent risk to:
(i) the health or safety of a person; or
(ii) the reputation, viability or profitability of the employer's business."
Given that definition, while an employer may assume that an employee whose conduct causes a serious and imminent risk to health and safety is guilty of serious misconduct, unless there is a "wilful and deliberate" element to that conduct, the Fair Work Commission may not share that view in an unfair dismissal context.
In dealing with an employee involved in a safety incident, employers should therefore carefully consider the nature of the breach, in terms of whether the employee's actions were inadvertent, reckless, or wilful or deliberate (which in the latter case would qualify as serious misconduct ), before reaching a final decision on what action should be taken against the employee. Other relevant factors, such as the employee's length of service and previous disciplinary record should also be taken into account, as they certainly will be if the employer ends up in the Fair Work Commission.
As always, if employers are unsure, they should seek legal advice.
Ain't misbehavin': Are "negligence", "gross negligence" and "serious misconduct" the same thing?
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USA coach Gregg Berhalter reveals he was the target of a World Cup blackmail plot
US men's national soccer team coach Gregg Berhalter has claimed he was blackmailed during the 2022 World Cup in Qatar – and was forced to go public with his 1991 kicking of his wife.
The coach, whose contract expired after last month's tournament, acted to clarify some personal information 'that a third party used against me and my family.'
In a lengthy statement posted to his Twitter profile on Tuesday, Berhalter discussed a violent incident in 1991 involving his wife Rosalind and admitted to "kicking his legs" during an argument.
USA coach Gregg Berhalter claims he was blackmailed during the World Cup in Qatar
Berhalter admitted to 'kicking his wife Rosalind (left) in the legs' after an argument in 1991. The two are pictured at Munich's Oktoberfest in 2006
"While we obviously wanted to go further into the World Cup, I am so proud and grateful for all of our players, our staff, everyone at US Soccer and all of the USMNT fans around the world who have supported us," the post read. .
'Our performance took a lot of hard work and extraordinary energy and commitment from those on and off the field during the years of preparation. There are so many positive examples of how our squadron came together, making so many different types of sacrifices in pursuit of our group's shared vision.
'I look forward to continuing my conversations with US Soccer about the future, but now is the time to publicly share some of the personal information that third parties have used against me and my family.'
Berhalter's contract with US Soccer officially expired at the end of last month after the World Cup
Berhalter, who played for the United States defense between 1994 and 2006, made the information public to his 1,003 followers on Twitter. His account has not been verified, but the statement has been confirmed by the United States Soccer Federation. The regulatory body is also conducting an investigation.
'During the World Cup, an individual contacted US Soccer saying he had information about me that would 'bring me down' – an apparent effort to leverage something very personal from a long time ago to end my relationship with US Soccer ,' the post continued.
'This is a difficult step to take, but my wife, Rosalind, and I want to share the truth clearly and directly. This is a story that belongs to us, but we hope that there are lessons from our relationship that could be of value to others.
'In the fall of 1991, I met my soul mate. I had just turned 18 and was a freshman in college when I first met Rosalind. There was a familiar feeling when we spoke. Rosalind was and is an incredible person – determined, empathetic, fun – and we connected immediately.
"It felt like we had known each other for years. We had been dating for four months when an incident occurred between us that would shape the future of our relationship. One night, while drinking at a local bar, Rosalind and I got into a heated argument that continued outside. It got physical and I kicked her in the legs.
Berhalter released a statement on his Twitter profile on Tuesday afternoon to clarify some 'personal information that third parties used against me and my family'
'There are no excuses for my actions that night; It was a shameful moment and one I regret to this day.
'At that time, I immediately apologized to Rosalind, but understandably, she wanted nothing to do with me. I told my parents, family, and friends what happened because I wanted to take full responsibility for my behavior.
'Rosalind has also informed her parents, family and friends. Although the authorities were never involved in this matter, I voluntarily sought counseling to help learn, grow and improve – one of the most valuable decisions I've ever made. To date, this type of behavior has never been repeated.'
The 49-year-old New Jersey-born coach met Rosalind, also 49, at the University of North Carolina, where they both played football and began dating in 1991 before marrying eight years later. The couple lives in Lake View, Chicago and has four children.
"I feared I'd lost my soul mate, and out of the blue, seven months later, I got a call from Rosalind asking if we could speak in person. We met and discussed how we grew and decided to rebuild our relationship," continued Berhalter in his statement.
"Rosalind shared that her family supported this decision, and in looking back on what had happened, we both realized that our love, trust and respect for each other was stronger than the incident that occurred months before.
'Since then Rosalind and I have lived together in five different countries, three different states and have met and remain friends with many wonderful people from all over the world. All of these people testify to the strong relationship we have and the loving family we have built together.
Berhalter and his wife embrace after the U.S. exit from the World Cup on Dec.
"The lessons learned that night more than three decades ago became the foundation for a loving, devoted and supportive relationship, which we honor and celebrate with our 25th wedding anniversary this past weekend.
'I'm sharing this story after 31 years because it's important to understand that it was an event that shaped me, not defined me. It was a once-in-a-lifetime event over three decades ago and a terrible decision made at a bad time by an 18-year-old. Rosalind and I have been on an incredible journey together.
'We raised four wonderful children, who are aware of what happened.
'We are very proud of our marriage, our relationship, the family we've built and the people we've become.
'As a team, we emphasize accountability, honesty and growth. These aren't just principles we instill in the team; it's how i live my life. The foundation of any good team is using the past as an opportunity to learn and improve.
'People can make mistakes and learn from them; people can also be forgiven for their mistakes. Fortunately, Rosalind forgave me. The intent of this statement is to provide transparency and reinforce that a single bad decision made by a teenager does not necessarily define them for the rest of their life. Let's not hide from it. We didn't do it then, and we won't do it now.
'This is our story. We cooperate fully with US Soccer's investigation into this matter, and while we'd rather not talk about something so personal from so long ago in a public forum, we're taking this opportunity to share what shaped us and how much we've grown and learned from it. last 31 years. Thanks.
"Rosalind and Gregg Berhalter."
Berhalter led USMNT to the round of 16 of the World Cup, but fell to the Netherlands
While Berhalter's future with Team USA remains unknown, US Soccer is still evaluating his performance in Qatar with a view to choosing a coach to lead the men's team into the 2026 North American World Cup.
A statement on Tuesday afternoon read: 'Upon learning of the allegation against USA Men's National Team coach Gregg Berhalter on December 11, 2022, US Soccer has immediately engaged Alston & Bird LLP to conduct an independent investigation into the subject. The investigation is being led by Jenny Kramer, BJay Pak and Chris Marquardt of Alston & Bird LLP and remains ongoing.
'Through this process, US Soccer learned of potential inappropriate behavior towards various members of our team by individuals outside of our organization.
"We take this behavior seriously and have expanded our investigation to include these allegations.
"We appreciate Gregg and Rosalind coming forward to speak openly about this incident. Consistent with our commitment to transparency, we will share the results of the investigation publicly when it is complete. US Soccer condemns any form of violence and takes these allegations very seriously.
'Last month, US Soccer released a complete technical overhaul of our Men's National Team Program. With the review and investigation ongoing, US Soccer will announce who will lead the January men's national team in the coming days. We look forward to building on the performance in Qatar and preparing for the journey to 2026.'
Berhalter took charge of USMNT in 2018 after starting his coaching career with LA Galaxy in 2011. He worked with Hammarby IF in Sweden and MLS side Columbus Crew SC before making the switch to international football.


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D. History of Religious Liberty in America
Secular and Christian revisionism
December 31, 2012 Jerald Finney	Leave a comment
Copyright © December 31, 2012
Click here to go to the entire history of religious liberty in America.
Note. This is a modified version of Section IV, Chapter 2 of God Betrayed: Separation of Church and State/The Biblical Principles and the American Application. Audio Teachings on the History of the First Amendment has links to the audio teaching of Jerald Finney on the history of the First Amendment.
The tactics of Christian and secular revisionists do not change. As Isaac Backus noted, concerning the revisionism and lies of the leaders of the established churches in the colonies:
"[I] appeal to the conscience of every reader, whether he can find three worse things on earth, in the management of controversy, than, first, to secretly take the point disputed for truth without any proof; then, secondly, blending that error with known truths, to make artful addresses to the affections and passions of the audience, to prejudice their minds, before they hear a word that the respondent has to say; and thirdly, if the respondent refuses to yield to such management, then to call in the secular arm to complete the argument" (Isaac Backus, A History of New England With Particular Reference to the Denomination of Christians called Baptists, Volume 1 (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock Publishers, Previously published by Backus Historical Society, 1871), p. 150. This comment followed and preceded illustrations of how those in favor of church/state marriage, infant baptism, etc. advance their cause. On pp. 151-152, Mr. Backus illustrated how those in favor of infant baptism argued their position, pointing out the fallacies of their arguments. Their tactics have not changed, although in America, due to the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, they no longer can call upon civil government to enforce their beliefs.)?
Religious and secular revisionists (including many United States Supreme Court Justices) of our time are using the tactic mentioned by Backus today, absent the third component which is, to their dismay, unavailable to them.
"Christian" revisionists have either reconstructed and lied about our Christian heritage or relied on "Christian" authors who have reconstructed and lied about history. They refer to what the writers of their persuasion in times past wrote and said without placing those assertions in the context of other writings and facts surrounding their sources and in the context of biblical truth. They would have one and all to believe either that all "Christians" who came to this nation worked together for religious freedom and are to be given credit for giving us a "Christian" nation, that the Puritans and other sects which followed their principle of church-state establishment gave us a Christian nation, or that those sects of which they approved, the established churches and their leaders, had the truth and dissenters, such as the Baptists and others, were proponents of dangerous heresies. The result of revisionism has been chaos and an accelerating slide down a slippery slope to destruction as individuals, families, churches, and the nation.
What is their reason for doing this? Some are probably just ignorant of historical facts and rely on what others have written (the author of this book was in this category since he relied upon "Christian" authors and speakers until he began to do an independent study). Perhaps the motive of others who may be more knowledgeable is to influence those Christians who do not share their theology concerning church and state to get involved with helping them in their attempt to unite church and state in order to make possible their ultimate unattainable goal of bringing in the kingdom of heaven prior to the return of Christ. Perhaps they believe, contrary to biblical directives for the Christian, that it is all right for Christians to lie to "those who have no right to know the truth" and that Christians can better advance the cause of Christ by lying about irrefutable historical fact which true history has recorded.
Baptist historian James R. Beller builds a strong case to show that the modern day "catholic Reformed Reconstructionists," under the leadership of Rousas John Rushdoony, justify lying based upon a perverted interpretation of certain biblical passages (James R. Beller, The Coming Destruction of the Baptist People: The Baptist History of America (St. Louis, Missouri: Prairie Fire Press, 2005), pp. 30-35). Rushdoony believes in "religious establishments in civil government and that it is acceptable to lie" to promote the cause he supports (Ibid., p. 32).
Andrew Sandlin calls Christian Reconstructionism "a version of the Reformed, Postmillennial Theology that emphasizes the concepts of Theonomy and Dominion" (Ibid., p. 33). The theonomist believes that the magistrate has the duty to enforce the Mosaic law.
"Theonomists believe that Matthew 5:13-16 presents the Church with 'a mandate for complete social transformation of the entire world.' The Church is to play the key role in this transformation by spreading the gospel throughout the world, taking over the function of government, and enforcing the Mosaic Law. Thus, Chilton stated, 'Our goal is world dominion under Christ's Lordship, a 'world takeover' if you will; but our strategy begins with reformation, reconstruction of the church. From that will flow social and political reconstruction, indeed a flowering of Christian civilization.' Again he said, 'The Christian goal for the world is the universal development of biblical theocratic republics, in which every area of life is redeemed and placed under the Lordship of Jesus Christ and the rule of God's law.'
"Another theonomist declared that 'the saints must prepare to take over the world's governments and its courts.'
"Theonomists optimistically believe that 'As the gospel progresses throughout the world it will win, and win, and win, until all the kingdoms become the kingdoms of our Lord and of His Christ.
"This optimistic belief makes theonomy a genuine form of Postmillennialism….
"[R.J.] Rushdoony wrote: 'Postmillialism thus believes that man must be saved, and that his generation is the starting point for a mandate to exercise dominion in Christ's name over every area of life and thought. Postmillennialism in its classic form does not neglect the church and it does not neglect also to work for a Christian state and school, for the sovereignty and crown rights of the King over individuals, families, institutions, arts, scientists, and all things else. More, it holds that God has provided the way for this conquest: His Law'" (Renald E. Showers, There Really Is a Difference: A Comparison of Covenant and Dispensational Theology (Bellmawr, New Jersey: The Friends of Israel Gospel Ministry, 1990), pp. 152-154, citing Meredith G. Kline, "Comments on the Old-New Error," Westminster Theological Journal, p. 41 (1978), pp. 172-173; David Chilton, Paradise Restored: An Eschatology of dominion (Tyler, Texas: Reconstruction Press, 1985), pp. 12, 214, 226, 192; R. J. Rushdoony, "Government and the Christian," The Rutherford Institute, 1 (July-August, 1984), p. 7; R.J. Rushdoony, "Postmillennialism versus Impotent Religion," Journal of Christian Reconstruction, 3 (winter, 1976-77), p. 126).
Postmillennialism teaches that the ultimate progress of history is upward. Led by the church and the spreading of God's Word by God's people, eventually the whole world will be brought into subjection by that message. In other words, the church, working with civilization, science, and political agencies will bring in the Kingdom of Heaven before Christ returns.
This movement promotes a strategy of lying which states that Christians have "no obligation to speak truthfully to those who have forfeited the right to hear the truth," and that the "commandment does not say that 'thou shalt never tell a lie'" (Beller, The Coming Destruction of the Baptist People, p. 33). "Even the famous Reformed lawyer, John Whitehead, founder of the Rutherford Institute, apparently approves of this strategy: Rahab risked everything in order to follow God, including telling lies" (Ibid., p. 34, citing John Whitehead, "Christian Resistance in the Face of State Interference," Christianity and Civilization 3: The Theology of Christian Resistance (Tyler, TX: General Divinity School, 1983), p. 8). Based upon their reasoning, they justify lying about historical facts. Obviously, they do not want an honest debate of American history which would reveal that the theology of the established churches justified persecution to include banishment, taking of property, imprisonment, and murder.
These Christian revisionists lie and continue to lie and also to make their secular arguments, polished with allusions to God and maybe even Jesus Christ, even when the enemy is quoting historical truth. Those who observe what is going on must shake their heads at the ignorance of Christians, especially Christian lawyers. Instead of trying to get out the whole truth, which would aid the cause of Christ (at least if Christians including pastors and Christian lawyers and scholars had stood on truth from the beginning of the nation), they lied and continue to lie.
Even the United States Supreme Court is accurate many times as to historical fact concerning persecution by church-state establishments. For example, the Court wrote in 1947:
"See e. g. the charter of the colony of Carolina which gave the grantees the right of 'patronage and advowsons of all the churches and chapels … together with licence and power to build and found churches, chapels and oratories … and to cause them to be dedicated and consecrated, according to the ecclesiastical laws of our kingdom of England.' Poore, Constitutions (1878) II, 1390, 1391. That of Maryland gave to the grantee Lord Baltimore 'the Patronages, and Advowsons of all Churches which … shall happen to be built, together with Licence and Faculty of erecting and founding Churches, Chapels, and Places of Worship … and of causing the same to be dedicated and consecrated according to the Ecclesiastical Laws of our Kingdom of England, with all, and singular such, and as ample Rights, Jurisdictions, Privileges, … as any Bishop … in our Kingdom of England, ever … hath had….' MacDonald, Documentary Source Book of American History (1934) 31, 33. The Commission of New Hampshire of 1680, Poore, supra, II, 1277, stated: 'And above all things We do by these presents will, require and command our said Councill to take all possible care for ye discountenancing of vice and encouraging of virtue and good living; and that by such examples ye infidle may be invited and desire to partake of ye Christian Religion, and for ye greater ease and satisfaction of ye sd loving subjects in matters of religion, We do hereby require and comand yt liberty of conscience shall be allowed unto all protestants; yt such especially as shall be conformable to ye rites of ye Church of Engd shall be particularly countenanced and encouraged.' See also Pawlet v. Clark, 9 Cranch 292" (Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1, fn. 6 at 9; 67 S. Ct. 504, fn. 6 at 508; 91 L. Ed. 711, fn. 6 at 720; 1947 U.S. LEXIS 2959; 168 A.L.R. 1392 (1947)).
The Court in Everson and in other cases also wrote of the persecutions going on in the Old World prior to the settlement of America, the persecutions going on in America, and the religious turmoil out of which our First Amendment emerged. Of course, the Supreme Court placed the above facts in a case which gave a new meaning to "separation of church and state." Additionally, the Court never addressed the false theology versus the accurate theology that resulted in religious liberty and freedom of conscience in America. They never examined the true biblical principles concerning the sovereignty of God over all governments, religious liberty, and freedom of conscience. Had the whole truth been argued by Christian lawyers at that time, as well as before and after that time, the downfall of America may have been at least stalled. At the very least, the name of Christ would have been exalted rather than abased.
In addition, true Catholicism still despises separation of church and state. Of course, most Catholics "laymen" have no clue about Catholic theology on the relationship of church and state and Catholic interpretation of end-time biblical teachings. Catholic theology still calls for union of the Catholic "church" and state and believes that the "church," working with civil government will bring peace and unity to the earth. In the first half of the nineteenth century, Samuel F. B. Morris discovered and publicized a Catholic political conspiracy against the United States of America (Ireneus Prime, The Life of Samuel F. B. Morse (New York: Arno Press, 1974), p. 730; Samuel F. B. Morse, Foreign Conspiracy Against the Liberties of the United States (New York: Arno Press, 1977), pp. 19-20, 28-29, 31; Samuel F. B. Morse, Imminent Dangers to the Free Institutions of the United States Through Foreign Immigration (New York: Arno Press, 1969), pp. 7, 8; cited in Dr. William P. Grady, What Hath God Wrought: A Biblical Interpretation of American History (Knoxville, Tennessee: Grady Publications, Inc., 1999), pp. 221-222)). "At least 45 fanatically anti-Catholic newspapers and periodicals could be purchased in the … U.S. of A…. There were also well over 500 books and pamphlets written on this anti-popery theme as well" (Grady, What Hath God Wrought!, p. 225).
Dr. Morse [wrote]: "From whom is authority to govern derived? Austria and the United States will agree in answering,—from God. The opposition of opinion occurs in the answers to the next question. To whom on earth is this authority delegated? Austria answers, To the EMPEROR, who is the source of all authority,—'I the Emperor do ordain,…' The United States answers, To the PEOPLE, in whom resides the Sovereign power,—'We the People do ordain, establish, grant,'… In one principle is recognized the necessity of the servitude of the people, the absolute dependence of the subject, unqualified submission to the commands of the rulers without question or examination. The Ruler is Master, the People are Slaves. In the other is recognized the supremacy of the people, the equality of rights themselves; the Ruler is a public servant, receiving wages from the people to perform services agreeable to their pleasure; amenable in all things to them; and holding office at their will. The Ruler is Servant; the People are Master.
"The fact and important nature of the difference in these antagonistic doctrines, leading, as is perceived, to diametrically opposite results, are all that is needful to state in order to proceed at once to the inquiry, which position does the Catholic sect and the Protestant sects severally favor? The Pope, the supreme Head of the Catholic church, claims to be the 'Vicegerent of God,' supreme 'over all mortals;' 'over all Emperors, Kings, Princes, Potentates and People;' King of kings and Lord of lords.' He calls himself, 'the divinely appointed dispenser of spiritual and temporal punishments;' 'armed with power to depose Emperors and Kings, and absolve subjects from their oath of allegiance:' 'from him lies no appeal;' 'he is responsible to no one on earth;' 'he is judged of no one but God'" (Morse, Foreign Conspiracy, pp. 34-35, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought!, pp. 226-227).
The Pope determines what writings are heretical, and reading those writings, according to the "Congregation of the Index"—an essential department of the papal court—shall be regarded as an offense against the church and against God (R. W. Thompson, The Papacy and the Civil Power (New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1876), p. 91, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought!, p. 227). In 1832, Pope Gregory XVI referred to "that absurd and erroneous doctrine, or rather raving, in favor and defence of 'liberty of conscience,' for which most pestilential error, the course is opened to that entire and wild liberty of opinion, which is every where attempting the overthrow of religious and civil institutions…. Hither tends that worst and never sufficiently to be execrated and detested LIBERTY OF THE PRESS, for the diffusion of all manner or writings…" (Morse, Foreign Conspiracy, pp. 41-42, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought, p. 228). Accordingly, the Provincial Council of Baltimore, in order to guard against error, forbade the reading of Scripture "without the advice and permission of the pastors and spiritual guides whom God has appointed to govern his Church" (Thompson, p. 79, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought!, p. 228). If Catholic principles had prevailed in the United States, the First Amendment would never have been adopted because the two are diametrically opposed.
The Vatican planned a Romanized America. The plan was to be expedited through Catholic immigration. Although men such as Samuel F. B. Morse, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and others warned against allowing immigration of those whose principles were contrary to those upon which America was founded, their warnings were not heeded and huge numbers of Catholics came into America, bringing with them their abominable religion as well as their base morality. A lot of money was spent on the significant number of immigrant paupers, and mob violence by immigrants became a new part of the American culture. Catholic mobs disrupted meetings where those of other faiths renounced Catholicism, and Roman shepherds bartered the votes of their flocks to politicians, and fought over the reading of the King James Bible in American's public schools (What Hath God Wrought!, pp. 229-236, 244-253). Jesuit author F. X. Weninger wrote in 1862, "One of the most glorious enterprises for the Catholic Church to engage in at this day is the conversion of the United States to the Catholic faith" (Thompson, The Papacy and the Civil Power, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought!, p. 236). "Vallestigny, a Jesuit priest and deputy of Alva, stated in his address to His Majesty:
"The mass of the human family are born, not to govern, but to be governed. This sublime employment of government has been confided by Providence to the privileged class, whom he has placed upon an eminence to which the multitude cannot rise without being lost in the labyrinth and snares which are therein found" (Morse, Imminent Dangers, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought!).
Catholic clergy themselves admitted that there was a conspiracy against the United States and that Catholicism planned to take over America. For example:
"The Shepherd of the Valley, the official journal of the Bishop of St. Louis …, declared in 1851: The Church is of necessity intolerant. Heresy she endures when and where she must, but she hates it and directs all her energies to destroy it… If Catholics ever gain a sufficient numerical majority in this country, religious freedom is at an end. So our enemies say, so we believe" (Charles Chiniquy, 50 Years in the "Church" of Rome (Chino, Calif." Chick Publications, 1985), p. 285, cited in Grady, What Hath God Wrought!, p. 254).
Naturally, Catholic spokesmen and writers have attacked the phrase "separation of church and state" since religious liberty and separation of church and state are antithetical to Catholic theology and power. For example:
"Father John Courtney Murray described the phrase 'separation of church and state' as a 'negative, ill-defined, basically un-American [sic] formula….' After the McCollum decision the Catholic bishops of the United States, in a statement issued through the National Catholic Welfare Conference in November 1948, called the phrase 'separation of church and state' the 'shibboleth of doctrinaire secularism.' Father Robert I. Gannon, former president of Fordham University, in an address delivered in St. Louis in November 1951, used the phrase 'the current fraud of separation of church and state.' James M. O'Neill, a Catholic writer whose interpretation of the First Amendment was adopted by the Catholic bishops termed 'spurious' the 'so-called' 'great American principle of complete separation of church and state,' and affirmed that 'There is no such great American principle and there never has been.' Father Thomas F. Coakely, on the front cover of a pamphlet, 'Separation of Church and State,' published by the Catholic Truth Society, says unqualifiedly: 'Church and State have never been separated in America.' Even the Attorney General of the United States, in an address before the National Catholic Educational Association, charged that the Supreme Court had 'distorted' the First Amendment in referring to 'a wall of separation of Church and State'" (Leo Pfeffer, Church, State, and Freedom (Boston: The Beacon Press, 1953), p. 118).
In publishing a false history, Christian revisionists have done a great deal of damage to the cause of Christ. Their theology concerning separation of church and state in contravening biblical principles resulted in the persecution of large numbers of believers by established churches and hampered the dissemination of the true gospel for over fifteen hundred years.
Satan's emissaries have revealed to the public that "Christians" have revised history. Even the unregenerate who possess no true understanding and wisdom, although many have been given brilliant minds by God, can look at history and discover true facts when it is to their advantage. The world, or at least the unregenerate who are aware of the facts of history, even though they themselves are the masters of deceit and revisionism when it furthers their cause, must have been turned off to a "religion" which relies on lies.
The knowledgeable Christian is appalled that supposed brothers would lie about historical fact in an attempt to further the cause of the One who was tortured and killed because of His stand for truth. Our Lord never backed off from truth even though He knew that His stand would take Him to the cross. He instructed Christians to be light, not darkness:
"No man, when he hath lighted a candle, putteth it in a secret place, neither under a bushel, but on a candlestick, that they which come in may see the light. The light of the body is the eye: therefore when thine eye is single, thy whole body also is full of light; but when thine eye is evil, thy body also is full of darkness. Take heed therefore that the light which is in thee be not darkness. If thy whole body therefore be full of light, having no part dark, the whole shall be full of light, as when the bright shining of a candle doth give thee light" (Lu. 11.33-36).
"Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid. Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candlestick; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house. Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven" (Mt. 5.14-16).
All the apostles except John were martyred because of their stand for truth. David, who was called a man after God's own heart, said, "I have hated them that regard lying vanities: but I trust in the LORD" (Ps. 31.6). Other Bible verses condemn lying. "I hate and abhor lying: but thy law do I love" (Ps. 119.163). "Deliver my soul, O LORD, from lying lips, and from a deceitful tongue" (Ps. 120.2). God hates lying: "These six things doth the LORD hate: yea, seven are an abomination unto him: A proud look, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood, An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, feet that be swift in running to mischief, A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren" (Pr. 6.16-19). Notice that lying is the only sin He mentions twice.
Satan is the father of lies. God, in the person of the Lord Jesus Christ, stands for truth.
Jesus said to the Pharisees, "Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it. And because I tell you the truth, ye believe me not. Which of you convinceth me of sin? And if I say the truth, why do ye not believe me? He that is of God heareth God's words: ye therefore hear them not, because ye are not of God" (Jn. 8.44-47).
"Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me" (Jn. 14.6).
Christian revisionists seem to forget about those verses while taking other verses and perverting them to rationalize lying to promote their cause. For example, they point out the story of the Hebrew midwives in Exodus 1.15-22 who were rewarded by God because they did not obey Pharaoh's order to kill all the sons born to the Hebrews and also lied to Pharaoh as to the reason they did not kill those babies; and the story of Rahab the harlot whom God commended in Hebrews 11.31 for lying to the authorities of the land in order to help the Jewish spies (Jos. 6.22-25). The proper interpretation of those Scriptures, taken in the context of the Bible as a whole, is that the Hebrew midwives and Rahab were confronted with a moral dilemma. The midwives could either lie or be a party to murder. They chose to lie in obedience to God and to protect innocent life. Rahab realized that the spies were of God's chosen people on an errand for God. "And she said unto the men, I know that the LORD hath given you the land, and that your terror is fallen upon us, and that all the inhabitants of the land faint because of you" (Jos. 2.9). Those and other verses do not support lying as defined and practiced by Christian revisionists.
Attempts to hide truth are in vain:
"And he said unto them, Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel, or under a bed? and not to be set on a candlestick? For there is nothing hid, which shall not be manifested; neither was any thing kept secret, but that it should come abroad. If any man have ears to hear, let him hear" (Mk. 4.21-23).
Christian revisionists are obviously not interested in honest debate because that debate would reveal that some of the founders of this nation, such as the Puritans and Anglicans, were deceived and adhered to a theology which, as the world correctly points out, advocated and practiced the union of church and state, enforced all ten of the Ten Commandments, including those having to do with man's relationship to God, and severely persecuted dissenters such as the Baptists and Quakers whom they labeled as heretics. The author was mislead by Christian revisionism for over twenty years. When he discovered that he had been lied to by other "Christians," he had to be willing to face the truth. In this book he is publishing what he totally believes to be irrefutable facts and conclusions based upon biblical principles as applied to those facts.
330 U.S. 150 Years in the "Church" of RomeA Comparison of Covenant and Dispensational TheologyAndrew SandlinAudio Teachings on the History of the First AmendmentBible verses about lyingBible verses on lyingcatholic Reformed ReconstructionistsCharles ChiniquyChristian nationalismChristian ReconstructionismChristian Resistance in the Face of State Interferencechristian revisionismChristian revisionists Peter Marshall and David ManuelChristianity and Civilization 3: The Theology of Christian ResistanceChurch and State in the United StatesDavid Barton's revisionismDavid ChiltonEversonEverson v. Board of EducationExodus 1.15-22Father John Courtney MurrayFather Robert I. GannonFather Thomas F. Coakelyfn. 6 at 508; 91 L. Ed. 711fn. 6 at 720; 1947 U.S. LEXIS 2959; 168 A.L.R. 1392 (1947))fn. 6 at 9; 67 S. Ct. 504Foreign ConspiracyFrederick ClarksonGovernment and the ChristianHebrews 11.31Imminent Dangers to the Free Institutions of the United States Through Foreign ImmigrationIsaac Backus on revisionismJames M. O'NeillJames R. BellerJamestownJn. 14.6Jn. 8.44-47John 14.6John 8.44-47John BlanchardJohn Courtney MurrayJohn WhiteheadJos. 2.9Jos. 6.22-25Joshua 2.9Joshua 6.22-25lyingMark 4.21-23Matthew 5:13-16Mk. 4.21-23Mt. 5:13-16Paradise Restored: An Eschatology of dominionPhelps StokesPostmillennialismPostmillennialism versus Impotent ReligionR. J. RushdoonyRenald E. ShowersrevisionismRobert I. GannonRousas John RushdoonyRushdoonySamuel F. B. MorseSatan the father of liessecular revisionismsecularist Frederick ClarksonThe Coming Destruction of the Baptist People: The Baptist History of Americathe father of liesTheonomistsTheonomists Matthew 5:13-16Theonomy and DominionThere Really Is a DifferenceThere Really Is a Difference: A Comparison of Covenant and Dispensational TheologyThomas F. CoakelyWhere America Became a Christian NationWhy the Christian Right Distorts History and Why it Mattersyour father the devil
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Aside from series of medications, individuals suffering from Alzheimer's disease often require specialized assistance for them to avoid hazards in their everyday living. Alzheimer's disease affects approximately 5 million elderly in the United States.
Though usual signs of Alzheimer's disease like getting lost to familiar places and suddenly forgetting how to cook meals may vary from one person to another, a person, often an elderly who has this kind of mental disorder may also not realize that he or she can inflict harm to him or herself. As a person with Alzheimer's disease can no longer remember many things, he or she is at high risk of suffering injuries from his or her surroundings. Serious injuries like broken hip bones and head injuries are common to individuals with Alzheimer's disease if they accidentally slip or fall. Elderly with Alzheimer's disease are three times at risk of suffering broken hips compare to normal counterparts. Family members who are living with a relative with Alzheimer's should make sure that their surroundings are free of clutters and debris. Due to memory loss, an elderly with Alzheimer's is at risk of injuries when there are clutters like books, toys, and shoes are in the house specifically on staircases.
Family members can do a lot of things to make their home safe for their relative who has Alzheimer's. Households should make sure that all things inside the house are stored in proper places especially those that can cause slip or fall. To prevent slipping from rugs, households may use adhesive tapes to secure rugs in place. Tools and other things that are rarely used should be kept in a place that cannot be access by a person with Alzheimer's mostly if it can cause injuries. Place rubber or non-slip mats on your shower room and bathtub. Make sure that your house has sufficient lighting for a person with Alzheimer's to easily see his or her way around the house. Aside from persons with Alzheimer's, it is common for elderly to experience vision deterioration due to aging. Family members may consider confining their relative with Alzheimer's to a memory care facility to make sure that his or her environment is completely safe and he or she is closely monitored and cared by highly-dedicated personnel.


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Source: © Kleo Palaté
Solubility simulations solve mystery of why PEG dissolves in water but Keck clips don't
By James Urquhart2019-07-04T09:30:00+01:00
Why won't the polyether used to make Keck clips dissolve in water when a very similar polyether, polyethylene glycol (PEG), will? German and Dutch researchers think they have solved this little mystery, but the answer is far more than just a chemical curiosity and could actually help scientists better understand and predict a molecule's solubility.
PEG dissolves extremely well in water and is widely used in shaving cream and skin care products, for instance. Meanwhile polyoxymethylene (POM) is completely insoluble and is a plastic used in everyday objects, including Keck clips that chemists use in labs the world over to connect glassware.
These solubilities, however, are counterintuitive. On paper, the chemical structure of POM means it should dissolve at least as well as, if not better, than PEG. That's because per gram of polymer, it has almost twice as many oxygen atoms, which should make the polymer more hydrophilic. These predictions of solubility are based on the fact that oxygen atoms are partially negatively charged making them hydrophilic – a prerequisite for solubility. Yet POM is totally insoluble.
Previous work suggested that the different distances between oxygen atoms in the polymer chains could explain the discrepancy because the oxygen–oxygen distances in PEG fit better into water's hydrogen bond network. Now Sander Woutersen and colleagues at the University of Amsterdam and institutions in Germany have a new explanation.
The answer, it is claimed, lies in an induction effect whereby oxygen atoms acquire their partial negative charge by withdrawing electron density from neighbouring carbon atoms in the polymer chain. The oxygen atoms in POM have only one carbon per monomer to draw on, while PEG has two. As a result the partial negative charge on the oxygen atoms in PEG is about twice as large as in POM, and POM, therefore, has a much lower solubility.
Source: © Springer Nature
Partial charges on oxygen atoms in PEG (left) and POM (right) help to explain why one is soluble in water and the other is not
The team made the discovery by first conducting water dynamics experiments and quantum chemistry calculations on oligomer solutions of PEG and POM. These revealed that water around PEG-like polyethers is rotationally immobilised, but not so in POM. This difference only fuelled the mystery. But turning to computer simulations led by Bernd Ensing, also at the University of Amsterdam, the researchers found that this was explained by the partial oxygen charge being much lower in POM than in PEG.
To see if this the partial charge could determine the solubility difference the team simulated 'fictitious' POM molecules that had the same partial oxygen charges as PEG. 'As soon as we changed the charge from POM-like to PEG-like these "POM-with-PEG-charge" molecules immediately dissolved,' says Woutersen.
'It's a very exciting piece of fundamental work that provides a much deeper understanding on the interactions of ether groups with individual water molecules,' comments Remzi Becer, who develops smart polymers at the University of Warwick, UK. 'This understanding will allow us to design polymer structures with a precisely controlled solubility behaviour that could be used in temperature-controlled release of bioactive compounds such as anti-cancer drugs.'
B Ensing et al, Nat. Commun., 2019, 10, 2893 (DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10783-z)
Atoms and bonds
Quantum and theoretical
Why choice of solvent matters more than you think
Weak interactions with solvents could change the chemical identity of a solution
Solving the crystal maze
Workflow swaps gut feelings for data when designing continuous crystallisation processes
Dissolving insoluble drugs
2018-03-13T09:00:00ZSponsored by Juniper Pharma Services, by Kevin Bittorf, Shellie Rigby-Singleton
How spray drying can help with solubility and bioavailability challenges in drug development


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Northern Tap to replace Cider Tap at Euston Station
By Glynn Davis | 29th February 2016 | 2
The Cider Tap at London's Euston Station is to be replaced by the Northern Tap that will celebrate British beers from outside the capital, predominantly from the north of the city.
This will coincide with a complete overhaul of the site, which will also involve a major investment in its sister pub the Euston Tap that will relaunch with a new look.
This follows a renewal of the leases on the two sites by Pivovar Group that has worked hard to gain a nine-year agreement. As part of the deal Jamie Hawksworth, co-founder of Pivovar Group, says two "enormous" windows are to be installed in both buildings that will replicate the original windows that were replaced some years back with much smaller alternatives.
This will result in airy new interiors to both bars and form part of a general refurbishment of the two sites including new toilets. "I refused to look at Trip Advisor because of the remarks about the toilets. But we didn't want to invest in them while we negotiated [for 16 months] the new leases. We'll now be spending lots of money on the interiors and the toilets," says Hawksworth.
Although the Cider Tap "makes good money" he says there is a much greater opportunity to be had from switching to beer. The focus on Northern beers had always been the plan for the Euston Tap when it opened five years ago but Hawksworth says it was overtaken by the explosion in the number of London-based craft brewers.
While the Euston Tap will continue its focus on the capital's brewers, as well as US beers, the Northern Tap will highlight other breweries from around the UK – particularly those in the north. "Euston is a gateway to the north and so whenever we put the likes of Marble on it flew out the door. This will now be the focus of the Northern Tap," he says.
The Cider Tap will be closed for a period of four to five weeks as it undergoes building works and will then be followed by the Euston Tap, with both bars expected to be trading with their new looks by the end of April or early May.
Glynn Davis, editor, Beer Insider
Posted in London, Pubs
Panda on 4th March 2016 at 12:41 pm
This is one of my favourite places. Do you know when it's going to be closed?
Glynn Davis on 4th March 2016 at 1:38 pm
Very shortly as far as I understand.


Having just completed a stint at the Big British Castle, the relationship between the independent micro production company (me) and the mega-corp (them) has been on my mind. Then the pepperami crowdsourced brief came up and I wondered about that as an idea for the license fee. make it a 'membership fee' paid as it currently is, but make payments back to people when they contribute something to the BBC 'feed'. Maybe it's responding to a question posed by a DJ on Radio 1-6 and you get 2.4p rebated if it's aired, or maybe you form part of a large body of skilled individuals who are doing a costume drama and you're drawing additional salary from other license fee holders who want to see it. Clearly, the detail isnt' there (prolly never will be either) but the point is, you're doing away with the broadcast hegemony at a time when the whole idea of being massive is starting to look increasingly creaky.
I'm 39 today, which is nice.
These people were also born on this day, at various points through history: Auguste Rodin, Roland Barthes, Grace Kelly, Neil Young, Naomi Wolf Mariella Frostrup and Charles Manson. You will no doubt have your own opinion as to which of those is the most pertinent of coincidences.
On the 12th November, 1980 Tim Berners Lee submitted his first proposal for what would come to be the World Wide Web.
But better *even* than that, I recently learned that my all-time favourite internet meme took place on the same day that I exploded onto the world.
Thank you, Oregon State Highway Division. I can think of no more fitting event.