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Discount on tax, VAT, customs for hydroprojects
KATHMANDU, June 8
The government is preparing to provide discount on income tax, value-added tax (VAT), and customs duty for all kinds of small and big projects to be developed with domestic and foreign investment. The Energy Ministry and the Investment Board (IB) have separately recommended the Finance Ministry to provide discounts which will be provided to all the projects by incorporating those recommendations. The Finance Ministry seems to be positive toward tax discount due to the worsening energy crisis.
The projects to be completed by 2023 will get full income tax waiver for 10 years and half for five years while the projects to be finished after 2023 will not be eligible for that. Similarly, a discount of Rs 10 million per MW has been recommended for VAT. The government will choose among the options of refund and others as there cannot be discount on VAT. Similarly, two percent of bonus will be imposed as per the Electricity Act. The government has provided full income tax waiver for 10 years and half for five years for projects to be completed by 2015. Similarly, full tax waiver for seven years and half for another three years have been provided for the projects to be completed by 2019. The law is silent about the tax discount for projects to be completed after 2019.
Similarly, discount on customs duty has been recommended for import of cement, iron rods and other materials needed for construction of projects. But it has been recommended only if the materials are not produced in the country or are not produced in sufficient quantity. The Finance Ministry has been providing discount on customs for electromechanical equipment as they are not produced in Nepal. Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of IB Radhesh Pant reasons that such recommendation has been made as discount on income tax, VAT and customs duty has to be mentioned in the project development agreement (PDA) to be signed with promoters. He claimed that PDA will be signed with the promoters immediately after the budget announces the discounts.
GMR and other promoters have demanded that the current income tax provision be maintained and VAT discount be provided on cement, rods and other construction materials. A study by IB also showed that the internal rate of return of promoters will rise by three percent by merely providing VAT discount on materials for civil construction. IB is currently holding PDA dialogue with four big projects with combined installed capacity of around 3050 MW. The Energy Ministry is also holding PDA dialogue with promoters of a few projects including Upper Trishuli I. IB holds PDA dialogue with projects of over 500 MW and the ministry for those below 500 MW. Recommendations have been sent to the Finance Ministry after the promoters demanded discount on income tax, VAT and customs duty during the ongoing PDA dialogue. The task force formed under Joint Secretary at the Energy Ministry Keshav Dhwaj Adhikari has already recommended to the Finance Ministry for VAT discount of Rs 10 million per MW.
Construction of 900 MW Upper Karnali and 600 MW Upper Marsyangdi II (GMR of India), 900 MW Arun III (Sutlej of India), and 650 MW Tamakoshi III (SN Power of Norway) is being done through IB. It will be easier to do PDA with promoters of other projects if it is done for Upper Karnali. These projects are being developed in Build-Own-Operate-Transfer (BOOT) model. GMR has already agreed to provide 12 percent of free electricity and 27 percent of free equity from Upper Karnali while Sutlej has agreed to provide 21.9 percent of free electricity from Arun III.
Banks invest on projects only after PDA is signed. The previous conditions will be applied for projects that have already done PDA even though there are changes in tax rate through acts and regulations.
Source : Karobar Daily
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मन्त्रालयले सम्झौता उल्लंघन गर्यो
ऊर्जा विकासमा विदेशी लगानी ल्याउनुपर्छ
Why BIMSTEC countries should now take a decisive step towards renewal...
India inquires with Nepal Electricity Authority about Solu Corridor Transmission Line...
HIDC studying possible financing of three hydropower projects
Chinese, Nepali companies to jointly develop hydropower project
बजेट : उर्जा क्षेत्रमा सरकारका २२ कार्यक्रम, हेर्नुस् के-के छन् ?
CIAA arrests 10 NEA officials including executive director


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Brenden Aaronson: the energetic Lionel Messi lookalike who Leeds United want this transfer window
Watch: Leeds United fan knocked down by Met police officer at West Ham's London Stadium
SportRugby League
Batley Bulldogs move is 'perfect fit' for ex-Leeds Rhinos hooker Shaun Lunt
GRAND FINAL winner Shaun Lunt says Batley Bulldogs, of the Betfred Championship, are the "perfect fit" for him as he begins to look towards life after rugby league.
Thursday, 21st November 2019, 3:19 pm
Shaun Lunt in action for Leeds Rhinos.
The 32-year-old hooker finished last season at Leeds Rhinos, after joining them from Hull KR, but was not kept on for 2020 and has now gone part-time with Batley.
Despite spending 10 seasons at the top level, making 180 Super League appearances, Lunt insisted he has no qualms about dropping down to the second tier.
"I was looking for a club," he said.
Shaun Lunt celebrates after captaining Hull KR to promotion back to the Super League in 2017.
"Iestyn [Harris], my manager, put it out there, I spoke to them, had a couple of meetings with them and realised this was the best option for me.
"It's very close to home and is definitely the right decision for me and my family moving forward.
"I've got a job at Signature Resin Floors and I'm looking forward to getting back into it [work]."
Lunt, who played for Workington Town from 2006-2008, added: "I'm just really glad to be going back into the Championship.
Shaun Lunt.
"That's where I started my career off and I always wanted to go back to the Championship at some point.
"Obviously the transition moving into work, I'm coming to the end of my career now and so this is a perfect fit.
"I didn't want to carry on playing full-time and then literally stop needing to look to get back into work, so this is ideal."
Bulldogs chief executive Paul Harrison described Lunt's arrival as a "massive signing". He said: "To have a player with this level of experience is invaluable and we're excited to be welcoming Shaun to the Bulldogs."
Lunt had a spell with Castleford Tigers 14 years ago before three seasons with Workington. He joined Huddersfield Giants in 2008 and was a member of Rhinos' Super League title-winning squad during a 23-game loan spell four years later, when he was also a Challenge Cup final runner-up.
He joined Hull KR in 2015 and was made captain there two years later. He made six appearances for Rhinos this year. The Cumbrian also has one England cap and played twice for England Knights.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We all want the High Holidays to be meaningful, inspiring and transformative. Yet, somehow, that never seems to be the case. Why not? I think it all boils down to one simple thing- we don't prepare enough. Like anything in life, what you get out of the High Holidays will depend entirely on what you put into them. The goal of this short blog is to make daily suggestions on how we can prepare ourselves and invest now so that we can maximize the transformative power of these awesome days.
All prayer is really meant to be a deep meaningful conversation (DMC) with your loving Creator. That is especially true on Rosh Hashanah. So, don't get caught up in the written prayers in the book.


CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012-08-01. Paperback. Acceptable. Acceptable paperback. Binding is tight and pages are clean (looks unread). Cover is bright and clean with a bit of shelfwear and slightly bumped/chipped corners and spine. Unfortunately, there is a two inch cut in the front left center of the cover. Not very noticeable, but it is also imprinted in the first two pages of book.


Gabriella's Heart: Gabriella gets some Celebrity love!
Gabriella gets some Celebrity love!
Thanks to my best friends persistence, my favorite celebrity sent his well wishes to Gabriella on Twitter!!! Can't wait to show her that 'Emmett' sends his love!!!!!!
@GabriellasHeart Bless your precious new heart! You are so loved! Wish you a quick and painless recovery!
WOW!! Amazing and so sweet!!


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Chrysler Sales Up 9% in June
By Karin Sun on 1 July 2014
The Chrysler Group announced financial results for June 2014. The company's total U.S. sales for the month increased by 9% year-over-year, up to 171,086 vehicles sold from 156,686 in June 2013. Last month also marked the 51st consecutive month of record sales gains for the company, and its best June sales since 2007.
Chrysler's Jeep brand saw the most significant improvement in sales for the month, with a 28% increase, up to 57,006 vehicles sold from 44,609 in June of last year. Fiat brand sales also rose, up 11% to 4,478 vehicles sold, from 4,050 in the same period last year. In addition, the company sold 50,314 Dodge vehicles in June, a slight year-over-year increase of 1% from 49,843 last June.
Six Chrysler Group models, including the Jeep Wrangler, the Jeep Compass, the Jeep Patriot, the Dodge Journey, the Dodge Dart, and the Fiat 500L, all recorded their best June sales to date last month.
There were also five thousand 2015 Chrysler 200 mid-size sedan vehicles sold in June, up from around six hundred sold in the model's first month of sales in May.
Chrysler Sees 20% Increase in July Sales
Chrysler Reports Best April Sales Since 2007
Chrysler Reports Best August Sales Since 2002
Fiat Chrysler Reports Sales Increase in Europe for September
2011 BMW X5 xDrive35d Review and First Drive
BMW 335d Three-Month Test Report and Review


Controlling Master Volume with one slider?
I want to control all the volume in my game with one slider and have the sound stay that volume throughout all scenes, I've written a script but the volume never changes..?
where do you put that script? in the audio source or in the slider?


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Katie Bradford is a COO with experience spanning start-ups, not-for-profits and commercial companies – with a focus on innovation and social purpose. Currently consulting for Quadia (a social impact investment company with offices in Geneva, Brussels and London), Katie recently spent two years working as Director of Operations for Project Everyone, a Richard Curtis-led initiative which aims to raise awareness of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, an ambitious plan for people and planet.
In addition to her part-time role at Project Everyone, in 2016 Katie completed an 8-month consultancy as the Interim COO at the Jamie Oliver Food Foundation. From 2011 to 2014, Katie was Director of Operations at Fallon, an award-winning advertising agency known for its innovative campaigns for Cadbury and Skoda. Katie built Fallon's digital capabilities and delivered digital campaigns for giffgaff and The Faberge Big Egg Hunt in London and New York.
Katie has also worked in music, TV production and independent film, including her time as a founding Director of the Channel 4 BRITDOC Foundation, a film foundation linking social-issue media to the individuals and organisations who can use them to effect change. As part of her work there, Katie worked on the Oscar-shortlisted documentary End of the Line, which was 90% funded by charities, foundation and individual donors and has changed corporate and government policy both nationally and internationally.
Inforgraphics by Sarah Dyer
You can help us to cultivate reading communities and inspire a new generation of writers and illustrators.
Pop Up are a growing social enterprise with ambitious plans for national and international expansion. We are looking for individuals and businesses to join our movement at this exciting time of growth. Pop Up Festival relies on generous support to run and we want to work with influential people and quality brands to bring great literature to more children, families and communities in the UK and beyond, and especially in areas of deprivation and isolation.
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Das Kraftwerk Turów, vollständiger Name PGE Górnictwo i Energetyka Konwencjonalna S.A. Oddział Elektrownia Turów, ist ein  Braunkohle-Großkraftwerk in Südwest-Polen auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Bogatynia (Reichenau) nahe dem Ortsteil Turoszów (Türchau) am deutsch-tschechisch-polnischen Dreiländereck.

Geschichte
Das 1962 in Betrieb genommene Kraftwerk ist mit einer Leistung von 1900 Megawatt das drittgrößte Polens. Es deckt acht Prozent des polnischen Energiebedarfs. Für das Kraftwerk wurde zwischen 1958 und 1962 der Niedów-Stausee angelegt.

Die Braunkohle zur Versorgung des Kraftwerks kommt aus dem südlich gelegenen Tagebau Turów. Unweit des Kraftwerkes wurde das Betriebsmuseum Tagebau Turów eingerichtet.

Während die deutschen Kraftwerke Hirschfelde und Hagenwerder nach 1990 stillgelegt und abgerissen wurden, wurde das Kraftwerk Turów seit 1996 modernisiert, wobei auch die für den Weiterbetrieb erforderlichen Rauchgasentschwefelungs- und -entstaubungsanlagen nachgerüstet wurden. Die Arbeiten wurden im Dezember 1998 durch eine Explosion im 5. Block erheblich verzögert und zum Ende des Jahres 2004 abgeschlossen. Für 2010 war die Abschaltung der ersten Blöcke in Turów vorgesehen.

Am späten Abend des 24. Juli 2012 kam es in einem Kraftwerksblock zu einer Kohlenstaubexplosion. Der anschließende Brand griff auf zwei benachbarte Blöcke über. Die drei betroffenen Blöcke blieben nach dem Unfall abgeschaltet, die vier weiteren Blöcke wurden mit verminderter Leistung weiterbetrieben. Der Kraftwerksblock 1 war zum Zeitpunkt des Unfalls wegen Renovierungsarbeiten abgeschaltet.

Um Platz für den neuen Kraftwerksblock 11 zu schaffen, wurde am 17. März 2012 Kühlturm 7 und am 1. Dezember 2012 Kühlturm 8 des Kraftwerks gesprengt, am 8. März 2014 gegen 14:30 Uhr der 100 Meter hohe und 9500 Tonnen schwere Kühlturm 9.

Die PGE Bergbau und Konventionelle Energetik AG (PGE Górnictwo i Energetyka Konwencjonalna S.A.) plant an Stelle der stillgelegten alten Kraftwerksblöcke 8, 9 und 10 den Bau eines neuen Kraftwerkblockes mit einer elektrischen Nettoleistung von 450 Megawatt zur Verstromung von Braunkohle. Zu dieser Planung wurde im April 2016 die deutsche Öffentlichkeit beteiligt. Im August 2017 wurden weitere Genehmigungen bekanntgemacht. Der neue Block ging Ende 2020 an Netz. Damit erhöhte sich die Kraftwerksleistung, die nach der Stilllegung der Blöcke 8, 9 uns 10 auf 1500 Megawatt gesunken war, wieder auf 2000 Megawatt. Die Kosten des Baus beliefen sich auf ca. eine Milliarde €.
Der Europäische Gerichtshof hat im Rahmen einer am 21. Mai 2021 veröffentlichen Einstweiligen Anordnung die sofortige Einstellung der Förderung im Tagebau Turów verfügt. (für weitere Informationen siehe Tagebau Turów).

Siehe auch
 Liste von Kraftwerken in Polen
 Liste von Kraftwerken in der Europäischen Union mit der höchsten Kohlenstoffdioxidemission

Weblinks

 Website des Kraftwerkes (polnisch)
 Website der Grube Turów (deutsch, polnisch, englisch)
 360°-Blicke in den Tagebau
 Informationen zum Kraftwerk auf ostkohle.de
 Fundstück Lausitz

Einzelnachweise

Gmina Bogatynia
Turow
Kohlekraftwerk in Europa
Bauwerk in der Woiwodschaft Niederschlesien
Braunkohlekraftwerk

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sly Stone is to return with 'I'm Back! Family & Friends' his first new album in 30 years.
At a time when the United States were more divided than ever, Sly Stone led a group which was multi-racial and multi-gender. Partying down the boundaries, Sly & The Family Stone burst out of California with a series of enormous hit singles.
Arguably soundtrack American life for around five years, Sly & The Family Stone gave one of the most memorable performances at Woodstock. One of the few black acts on the bill, the funkateers responded with some fantastic jams.
However it couldn't last: the band soon splintered, and Sly Stone was left to nurse a drug addiction as he attempted to complete the famously fried 'There's A Riot Going On'.
Disappearing from public life, the producer released two solo albums with the last - 'Ain't But The One Way' - coming in 1982. Last making a public appearance at Lovebox in 2007, Sly Stone had been thought lost.
Now the American music icon has confirmed his return. 'I'm Back! Family & Friends' mixes new versions of his best known tracks with three brand new cuts.
Amongst the guest stars on the forthcoming album is Jeff Beck, who contributes to a new version of '(I Want To Take You) Higher'. Meanwhile fellow bluesman Johnny Winter appears on 'Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Again)' while Ann Wilson duets on 'Everyday People'.
The Doors keyboard player Ray Manzarek is called into action, working with Sly Stone on a new version of breakout single 'Dance To The Music'. Elsewhere, funk icon Bootsy Collins will supply some deft bass to 'Hot Fun In The Summertime'.
Containing three unreleased songs, the CD version will also come backed with three club mixes.


Due to 12 oz. Studios huge increase in demand from out-of-state customers, we have put together some travel information to make your trip as enjoyable as possible. We will provide transportation to and from the Philadelphia International Airport, as well as to and from the hotel for your tattoo appointment. We can also provide you with info on where to eat, shop & play during your stay. Please feel free to call and we will help set up travel arrangements with you!
From the South and Atlantic City Area.
Take the Atlantic City Expressway West towards Philadelphia. Follow Rt. 42 North/ I-76 West. While on Rt. 42 North take exit 12 toward Woodbury/Runnemede. You will then merge onto Rt. 41 North, also known as Hurffville Rd. 12 Oz studios will be on your right hand side in the Timber Creek Plaza next to Risqué Video. Parking lot is available.
When coming across either bridge, follow signs for Rt. 42 South towards Atlantic City. Take exit 12 toward Glassboro/Runnemede (bear to the right). This will put you onto Clements Bridge Rd. Merge onto Clements Bridge Rd and then make a right onto Rt. 41 S/Hurffville Rd. 12 Oz studios is located in the Timber Creek Plaza on the left hand side, right next to Risqué Video. Parking lot is available.
Take the NJ Turnpike to Exit 3 towards 168 North Camden/Philadelphia. Merge onto 168 S toward Woodbury. Continue on 168 S until you reach Clements Bridge Rd/NJ 41. Turn right onto Clements Bridge Rd. When Clements Bridge Rd/NJ 41 splits into two lanes get in the left lane and continue straight. Go straight through the intersection. 12 Oz Studios is located in the Timber Creek Plaza on the left hand side, right next to Risqué Video. Parking lot is available.


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You are here: Home / Football / And So It Begins: Grades on Head Coach Hirings
And So It Begins: Grades on Head Coach Hirings
January 19, 2016 by James Pasqual
Well, that was rather quick… In part due to the thankful conclusion of the NFL's lengthy quest to reestablish a franchise in Los Angeles, all seven teams looking to fill their Head Coaching Vacancy did so in largely subtle fashion. In fact, with the dreaded Black Monday just two weeks in the rearview mirror, this current hiring cycle came and went with little more than a whimper. So unless any of the teams participating in the postseason make a shock firing (a la John Fox in 2014), there likely won't be any more new entries to the fraternity of thirty-two Head Coaches anytime soon. Some would describe the current cycle as melodramatic, and of course it is. It always is. However, this year nearly a quarter of the league simply looked as if they were instituting change just for the sake of change. Hell, even former Giants' skipper Bill Parcells described this current crop of Play-Callers and Game Managers as underwhelming, which speaks directly to the lack of gravitas that these new leading men bring to their respective franchises. And that's no dig at these guys, for any coach in his right mind would do whatever takes to be at the helm of an NFL team. Essentially, it's no different than having a high pick in a Draft void of any clear-cut, game-changing talent. And like the Draft, we won't know just how impactful these hires were (if any at all) until two to three years down the line. But where's the fun in that? After all, patience is becoming a novelty these days when it comes to the Head Coaching profession, as Owners have become more and more unrealistic in their demands for immediate improvement and results. So without further ado, let's take a look at how the following teams, including the likes of the Browns, Buccaneers, Dolphins, Eagles, Titans, Giants, and 49ers did in their searches, and the latest men to take charge of these respective teams.
Despite owning a wealth of experience and a pair of Super Bowl Championships, both Shanahan and Coughlin were swept aside in favor for younger, cheaper alternatives after expressing serious interest in a number of vacancies.
Before we get into the guys that received their proverbial Golden Ticket, let's take a look at a few who didn't. At a certain point in the process, it became quite clear that Owners were skewing much more towards the young, up-and-coming prospects opposed to the vested, experienced veterans with proven track records. Typically, anytime that the likes of Mike Shanahan and Tom Coughlin throw their hats into the ring, their would be a lengthy line of suitors for their services. However, that simply wasn't the case. Granted, both men interviewed for multiple teams, but for various reasons neither venerable coach was hired, which must leave a number of fans across the country scratching their collective heads given the disappointing state of many of the franchises in need of someone with their particular set of skills. And while Liam Neeson wasn't a candidate for any of these jobs (though it would be great if he was), it's puzzling as to why Shanahan and Coughlin were discarded in favor for some of the neophytes that did manage to get hired. Together, the pair combine for a staggering total of 340 victories (170 apiece) in forty years on the sidelines, with seventeen Playoff appearances, and four Super Bowl Championships (two apiece) between them. You could take the seven men that got hired and together their credentials would pale in comparison to that of these guys. Seriously, think about the kind of credibility that Shanahan or Coughlin would bring to downtrodden franchises such as the Cleveland Browns or Tennessee Titans, who have both been a laughing stock over the past five years. Or the stability that either would bring to talented-yet underachieving teams such as the Miami Dolphins or Philadelphia Eagles. Or how about the San Francisco 49ers, who spent all season wiping the mud off their face after the dismissal of Jim Harbaugh, and the unmitigated disaster that was the appointment of Jim Tomsula? So why not Shanahan and Coughlin, you ask? Well, one prevailing theory is age; at sixty-three and sixty-nine years young, these ageless wonders may appear to be too long in the tooth for some Owners' preference, which is granted credence given the average age of the men hired over the past two weeks being 47.7 years old. The oldest hiring was fifty-six years of age, with two under the age of forty. Another theory is control. It goes without saying that with coaches of Shanahan and Coughlin's ilk, there is a high degree of control/power/authority they would demand in the organization, for after all, success dictates such responsibility. Owners may view these two as being much more difficult to bring under their boot than their contemporaries, which is certainly the case in a situation like Philadelphia's, or organizations such as Cleveland that are experimenting with a radically different dichotomy in their Front Office. There is also the most credible theory, which is money; Shanahan and Coughlin would easily command a higher salary than the guys that did get hired, due to their wealth of experience and wide range of accomplishments. In the end though, these two stalwarts of the sidelines will get the luxury of enjoying a year away from the game, which should rejuvenate them to a degree, making them prime candidates to make themselves available once again next January. And hey, given the nature of these things, there is a chance that some of these jobs will be open once more in a year's time. So CHEER UP, OLD GUYS! THERE'S ALWAYS NEXT YEAR!!
Cheer up, folks! It's not like THIS guy is coaching your team…
Upon reviewing this current crop of additions to the Head Coaching Ranks, there are a number of things that became very evident. As we touched upon earlier, this group of coaches is young, with the youngest (Gase) checking in at thirty-seven years of age, while the elderstatesman (Koetter) is just fifty-six years old. Going hand-in-hand with that notion is a general lack of Head Coaching Experience; between the seven coaches, there are only three that possess any experience as a Head Coach on the NFL level (Kelly, Jackson, and Mularkey), while two (Kelly and Koetter) have enjoyed that role in the collegiate ranks. There are a scant 121 games as an NFL Head Coach between these gentlemen, with one lone postseason appearance between them (Kelly in 2013). Interestingly enough, in a league that becomes more and more offensive-oriented with each passing year, none of these hires have any coaching pedigree on the defensive side of the ball; five of them served as Offensive Coordinators in their stays with their previous teams, with all but Kelly (who is an offensive guru himself) being employed in that role throughout their careers. Defensive-minded candidates such as Sean McDermott and Teryl Austin were largely ignored save for a few interviews, serving as greater proof that Owners these days are trending towards skippers of the offensive variety, despite the wealth of success garnered by defensive masterminds such as Bill Belichick and Pete Carroll, who have hoisted the past two Lombardy Trophies.
Miami Dolphins: Grade, B
Dubbed by many as the Quarterback Whisperer, Gase has his work cut out for him in Miami with Tannehill, but could pay off in a big way down the line.
Adam Gase, former Chicago Bears Offensive Coordinator: The youngest member of this class (37), Gase was the most sought-after of the coaching candidates, with just about every team in competition for his services. Though he lacks any kind of Head Coaching Experience, the youngster has built quite a stellar reputation as not only a play-caller, but as a proverbial Quarterback Whisperer. Getting his start as a Recruiting Assistant at LSU, Gase ascended to the NFL ranks as a Scouting Assistant with the Detroit Lions (2003-2004) before becoming their Quarterbacks Coach in 2007. While his background in Personnel was certainly appealing to Owners, it was his tenure with the Denver Broncos that blew everyone away; after two years coaching Wide Receivers, Gase transitioned to Quarterbacks, where he mentored Tim Tebow in his magical 2011 campaign, culminating in an improbable Division Title. Then came the acquisition of Peyton Manning, which coincided with his rise to Offensive Coordinator. With premium talent at his disposal, Gase presided over a unit that led the NFL in Scoring (37.9), Total Offense (465.4), First Downs (435), Passing Offense (348.3), and Net Yards per Attempt (7.8) in 2013, while Manning shattered single-season records in Passing Yards (5,477) and Passing Touchdowns (55), just two years removed from neck surgery. Following John Fox to Chicago after the Head Coach's surprising dismissal last January, Gase further established his credentials by becoming one of the few in his profession to figure out the enigma that is Jay Cutler. Many coaches have had a shot at him, but only a small handful have been able to do much with him, but Gase managed to turn the maligned Quarterback into a surprisingly consistent playmaker; the tenth-year veteran's eleven interceptions were the fewest thrown in a campaign in which he made at least eleven starts, and his Net Yards per Attempt (6.85) was his highest since 2008, while his Passer Rating (92.3) was a career-best. Hell, he even led the NFL in both Fourth Quarter Comebacks and Game-Winning Drives, with four apiece. Gase proved that a Quarterback deemed uncoachable by many, was in fact anything but, which is very significant now that he's off to fix another signal-caller, Miami's Ryan Tannehill. While not as polarizing as Cutler, Tannehill has had more than a few detractors in the Dolphins' organization, which played a major role in the termination of the previous regime. Everything from his lack of pocket awareness, to his inability to make correct changes at the Line of Scrimmage, to his reluctance to throw the ball downfield have been points of contention, which are only underlined by the franchise's hefty commitment made in him last Spring (4 years, $77 million). At just twenty-seven years of age, there is still plenty of time for the kid to develop, which should work in Gase's favor, and despite a number of impending Free Agents (Lamar Miller, Olivier Vernon), a solid talent base exists (Jarvis Landry, Jordan Cameron, Ndamukong Suh, among others). Owner Stephen Ross was wise to appoint Gase, choosing to hire someone who can accentuate his primary investments and build upon a foundation instead of scrapping everything and starting over. The only concerns at this point are how he transitions from handling the Offense to the entire operation (appointing a solid Defensive Coordinator will be crucial), but his five years learning at the feet of a respected coach of Fox's stature should go a long way towards debunking those feelings. Given his track record and reputation with Quarterbacks, we think Miami got it right with this guy, and though his presence may not be felt immediately, it should pay dividends in the future.
Cleveland Browns: Grade, B
Jackson and the Browns appear to be a perfect match, as the polarizing Coach and the dysfunctional Organization come together in an attempt to rebuild the longtime struggling franchise.
Hue Jackson, former Cincinnati Bengals Offensive Coordinator: Though he already possesses limited experience as a Head Coach on the professional level, many still feel that Hue Jackson never should've been relegated back to the rank of Assistant to begin with. It may have something to do with how his last tenure leading the sidelines ended; Jackson spent one season as the Oakland Raiders' skipper (2011), in which he guided the long downtrodden franchise to an 8-8 record, their best since 2002, and subsequently their best since his questionable dismissal. If there was ever a victim of circumstance, it was this guy. After significantly improving the offense in 2010 as the Offensive Coordinator, Jackson was elevated by the late Al Davis to Head Coach, where he crafted the most respectable and explosive Raiders' attack in a decade. However, the defense eroded mightily under his watch (27.1 points allowed, 29th Overall), as the penalty count rose to staggering numbers (163 for 1,358 yards). But nothing stained his tenure more than the decision to sacrifice a wealth of Draft Picks in the acquisition of Carson Palmer, which occurred shortly after Davis' passing. Coincidentally, the maverick owner's death was coupled with the season-ending injury of Quarterback Jason Campbell, which prompted the trade for Palmer by Jackson, who acted as a defacto General Manager. Let's call it for what it was; as so many coaches tend to do, Jackson wanted to win now, and mortgaged the future on Palmer, whom he mentored in Cincinnati from 2004-2006, opposed to the harrowing alternative of riding out the rest of the season with Kyle Boller, for crying out loud!!! With that said, he watched his team proceed to squander a 7-4 start in a very winnable division and miss the Playoffs altogether. Nearly a week later, newly appointed General Manager Reggie McKenzie handed him his walking papers, and continued to dismantle a roster languishing in Salary Cap hell. New General Managers oftentimes mean new Head Coaches, and he was effectively punished for making a decision in a vacuum. It's nothing new, folks. From a promising Head Coach to an embattled skipper suddenly out of his depth in personnel waters, Jackson would spend the next few years as a pariah before rehabbing his reputation as Cincinnati's Offensive Coordinator from 2014 to 2015. In that time, their offense has been one of the more balanced in the league, ranking seventh in scoring this past season (26.2). In many ways, the fact that he landed in Cleveland, who has gone through coaches and systems like toilet paper, is almost poetic; with their inept Ownership and dysfunctional Front Office, the Browns were viewed as toxic by a number of high profile candidates, so it only makes sense that they would be drawn to the polarizing Jackson, who now gets his second chance. With a Front Office (polarizing in it's own right) already in place, you can expect his focus to be squarely on the field, where his enthusiasm and charisma is sure to be a hit with the players, while his innovative and aggressive play-calling chops should go a long way towards resuscitating one of the worst offenses in the league (27.0 points allowed, 29th Overall). Oh, and we'd be remiss if we failed to mention his work with young Quarterbacks; Jackson had a heavy hand in the development of the aforementioned Palmer, along with Joe Flacco (2008-2009), as well as Andy Dalton (2012-2015), who have all carved successful careers for themselves, not to mention getting the most out of A.J. McCarron after Dalton's thumb injury late this season. With Johnny Manziel a certainty to be released or traded soon, the Browns will surely be drafting his successor come May, possibly even with the Second Overall Pick, which should have Jackson licking his lips. As is the case with Gase, whom he rounds out his Staff with will be crucial, particularly on the defensive side of the ball, but don't be surprised if this guy turns this thing around, provided Jimmy Haslam and his cabinet of Analytics Experts gives him the time to do so.
San Francisco 49ers: Grade, C
Kelly failed on multiple fronts in Philadelphia, but didn't have to wait long for a second chance in the form of San Francisco, who are looking to rebuild after a train-wreck of a season themselves.
Chip Kelly, former Philadelphia Eagles Head Coach: After the highly publicized debacle that was Jim Harbaugh's departure last January, and the ensuing dumpster fire that was the 2015 campaign courtesy of his successor Jim Tomsula, 49ers' Owner Jed York simply had to get this right. Well, many would argue that he already failed when he decided to retain the services of General Manager Trent Baalke, who was the primary antagonist in the drama with Harbaugh, and only compounded his mistakes by hiring an unqualified company yes-man like Tomsula to replace him. Putting the poor guy out of his misery was nothing more than an admission of face-planting guilt on the part of the bumbling young owner. So where did York turn to for a solution, you ask? Why none other than Chip Kelly, who was fresh off of getting dismissed by the Philadelphia Eagles with one game left to play on their schedule. The innovative, offensive genius was largely disappointing in the City of Brotherly Love, as his team did nothing but regress despite expending vast resources to tailor the roster to his system. Ultimately, he became a victim of his own hubris; after garnering more power in the Personnel Department during the offseason, Kelly was vilified in this regard, with a number of personnel moves proving to be unmitigated failures. He traded for Sam Bradford, who had nearly as many turnovers (17) as touchdowns (19). He ruined DeMarco Murray, the reigning Rushing Champion (702 yards). He ran fan favorites and mainstays such as Desean Jackson, LeSean McCoy, Jeremy Maclin, and Evan Mathis out of town. He missed year after year in the Draft (Marcus Smith, Nelson Agholor). And most importantly, he alienated countless prominent figures in the organization, with Owner Jeffery Lurie terminating him after the Coach refused to abdicate his personnel control. In just three short years he went from an innovative, forward-thinking, ahead of the curve, progressive futurist, to yet another in a long line of successful Collegiate Coaches to find out the hard way that there is more to being successful in the NFL than relying on a system. So why in the hell were York and Baalke interested in this guy, when they could have had the likes of Mike Shanahan, Tom Coughlin, or Hue Jackson, who all interviewed for the position? Well, the prevailing theory is that coming off his failure with the Eagles, Kelly would have no desire to factor into the personnel side of things, which had to be appealing to Baalke, who would have resisted the hiring of anyone who would challenge his authority. And despite his loss of luster, this guy is still a very intelligent coach, who did manage to put together a 26-21 record in Philly, even with all the aforementioned problems. In San Francisco, all he'll need to do is coach, which many around the league feel he does particularly well; his first order of business will be to figure out how to improve upon an anemic offense which ranked dead last in Scoring (14.9) and next-to-last in Total Offense (324.4). The Niners have some good young pieces to work with, and a lot of money available to spend in the offseason, which makes them a virtual blank canvas for Kelly to paint upon, and let's face it, folks, after last year there is nowhere to go but up. How he rounds out his staff, particularly on defense will be crucial (387.5 yards allowed, 29th Overall); there have been talks that he could retain Eric Mangini as Coordinator, who runs a scheme comparable to the one previously employed in Philadelphia. However, the elephant in the room is the fate Colin Kaepernick, whom the Front Office must decide upon soon; many think that the regressing young Quarterback would flourish in Kelly's system, which gives credence to his hiring. With all that said, we're far from sold on this hire, for San Francisco aimed much higher, and could have had someone far more accomplished in what is in all likelihood going to be an arduous rebuild. Kelly had a wealth of talent in place when he took over the Eagles, and he'll have a fraction of that leading the Niners. Good luck, Chip, you have your work cut out for you.
New York Giants: Grade, D
After two years as Offensive Coordinator, McAdoo has been tabbed to replace Coughlin, largely on the strength of his work with Eli Manning and the Offense.
Ben McAdoo, former New York Giants Offensive Coordinator: Ah, the more things change, the more they stay the same… Well, after the eventual parting of ways between the Giants and Tom Coughlin, you'd be hard-pressed to notice any real change at all in the building. After a 6-10 campaign culminating in a fourth consecutive term without the Playoffs, change was coming in the Big Apple, as many expected the Mara Family to institute sweeping change throughout the organization. However, apart from Coughlin's largely successful twelve-year tenure coming to an end, nothing else seemed to change in Gotham City. Surprisingly, General Manager Jerry Reece retained his longstanding position with the Franchise. Despite expressing interest in the Saints' Sean Payton, New York ultimately decided that the price to meet New Orleans' demands (reportedly a Second Round Pick) was simply too high. Former Bills' skipper Doug Marrone interviewed for the job, but ultimately what devolved into an uninspired search concluded with an uninspired hire as Mara and Reece decided to promote Offensive Coordinator Ben McAdoo to Coughlin's vacated position. In essence, the Front Office felt that stability and consistency was the way to go. Waitaminute… Wasn't the consistency of going 28-36 and missing the postseason for four years in a row what led to Coughlin walking away in the first place? That sounds like mediocrity to us, folks, and this reeks of the Organization squarely laying the blame on the venerable coach's shoulders, despite a plethora of failures that can be attributed to others on the Staff and in the Front Office. First and foremost, Reece should carry plenty of blame thanks to some truly disastrous drafting and acquisitions in Free Agency, which have left the roster very depleted in a number of areas. The fact that Coughlin managed to keep them in some semblance of contention for so many years speaks volumes of the former Coach. Then there is Defensive Coordinator Steve Spagnuolo, who outside of helming their 2007 Super Bowl Defense, has done virtually nothing of merit since. Nobody gave up more yards than his charges (411.3), and only two teams managed to relinquish more points (27.6), which is clearly his fault. The fact that McAdoo is even considering retaining him is utterly ridiculous. And then there is the newly minted skipper himself, who has spent the last two years running the Offense with Big Blue. It's obvious that the Front Office valued his work with Eli Manning, who has improved greatly in their time together, posting career-highs in Touchdown Passes (35) and Passer Rating (93.6), while throwing only fourteen interceptions despite attempting more passes than at any other point in his career (618). In their mind, consistency on this side of the ball should allow them to build upon the solid play of a unit that ranked sixth in Scoring (26.2) and eighth in Total Yards (382.1), as they head into the latter years of Manning's career. With that said, McAdoo has no prior Head Coaching Experience, and has only been a Coordinator for two years, after spending the previous eight on Mike McCarthy's Staff in Green Bay. However, that's not the point. By keeping the Coaching Staff and Front Office largely intact, the Giants proclaimed that the status quo over the past four years which drove one of the most respected coaches in the history of the NFL to walk away was in some way acceptable, which from our perspective is completely and utterly UN-acceptable. One of the many definitions of insanity is to repeat the same method over and over again expecting a different result, which in our opinion puts the New York Giants is some rather unflattering company.
Tampa Bay Buccaneers: Grade, D
For fear of losing him, the Buccaneers promoted Koetter, who improved the offense greatly in his first year in Tampa, and was lauded for his work with Rookie Quarterback Jameis Winston.
Dirk Koetter, former Tampa Bay Buccaneers Offensive Coordinator: Another Offensive Coordinator elevated to Head Coach, Dirk Koetter wasn't a surprising hire by the Buccaneers, but the fact that he was in a position to become their Head Coach in the first place was. Circumstances dictated his promotion, as the Front Office shocked everyone by relieving Head Coach Lovie Smith of his duties (by phone nonetheless), a decision that was criticized by many around the league. Smith was only in his second year on the job, and while many have been fired before even reaching that milestone, it was still shocking to see him axed after Tampa Bay improved by four games in 2015; after going 2-14 in his first term with the Bucs, Smith guided a young team flush with talent to a 6-10 finish, which apparently was not acceptable for the Glazer Family, who have owned the Franchise for over two decades now. However, this has become something of a pattern for the Glazers; under their rule, the likes of Tony Dungy (2001), Jon Gruden (2008), Raheem Morris (2011), and Greg Schiano (2013) were all dismissed to some degree of surprise, with the first two getting fired after winning seasons. Usually, when a regime selects a Quarterback high in the draft, particularly at No. One Overall, there is a certain amount of leeway granted to the Head Coach and his Staff. With that said, it was ultimately the presence of Rookie Quarterback Jameis Winston that precipitated the change. Under Koetter's tutelage, the Heisman threw for 4,042 yards and twenty-two touchdowns in his rookie campaign, while the Offense ranked fifth in Total Yards (387.5), which led to a lot of interest from other teams around the league for the Coordinator's services. With a number of interviews lined up, the Bucs' Brass ultimately felt that his continued work with Winston was far too valuable moving forward, and essentially fired Smith in fear of losing Koetter. Call it whatever you want, but in the eyes of the Glazers and General Manager Jason Licht, Koetter was far more important to the team's plans than Smith ever was. An innovative Play-Caller wherever he's been (Jacksonville from 2007 to 2011, Atlanta from 2012 to 2014) the fifty-six year old has a good deal of Head Coaching Experience on the collegiate level, leading Boise State from 1998 to 2000, and Arizona State from 2001 to 2006 to varying degrees of success. However, we're not sold on his ability to control the entire operation any better than his predecessor; the Offense was rather sloppy at times (28 Turnovers), and the Defense got absolutely torched down the stretch, allowing 29.8 points on 350.0 yards over the final four outings, all of which were losses. Defense was supposed to be Smith's forte, and the Bucs faltered mightily in that regard despite some solid building blocks (Gerald McCoy, Levante David). Appointing his former boss in Atlanta, Mike Smith, to run that side of the ball should be a boon to his efforts to help this young team reach it's potential, but for all intents and purposes given the caliber of the other hires around the league, there was a great probability that Tampa could have retained Koetter without ousting Smith, which could have secured the team's further development. Time will tell if the Glazers' meddling nature will end up like it did the last time they fired a respected defensive coach in favor of an offensive tactician (Gruden succeeded Dungy to win a Super Bowl shortly thereafter), or if it does little more than stunt the team's growth. We apologize for coming across so negative, but we're leaning toward the latter outcome.
Philadelphia Eagles: Grade, F
Pederson, who Quarterbacked the Eagles in 1999, is a longtime disciple of former Philly Head Coach Andy Reid, serving as his Offensive Coordinator in Kansas City over the last three years.
Doug Pederson, former Kansas City Chiefs Offensive Coordinator: Everything that was once old in Philadelphia is now new again… Once upon a time there was this guy named Andy Reid, who presided over the Eagles as their Head Coach for fourteen years, in which he transformed the team into a perennial contender, advancing to the Playoffs nine times, including five NFC Championship Games (four consecutive from 2001 to 2004), and an appearance in Super Bowl XXXIX. Eventually, the venerable skipper fell out of favor with Owner Jeffery Lurie, who felt that the team had become stagnant, and needed to be ushered into a drastically different direction, which led to Reid's dismissal, followed by the hiring of one Chip Kelly, who we commented on at length earlier in this column. Fast forward three years and with Kelly shown the door, Lurie was once again searching for a new Head Coach, putting together a massive search that included a virtual who's who of candidates ranging from everyone's favorite Adam Gase to former Giants' leading man Tom Coughlin. However, as the big names began to come off the board, Lurie and his Front Office settled on none other than (drum roll, please)… Doug Pederson? WTF?!?!?!?!?! That's right, folks. That Doug Pederson. How ironic is it that after showing Reid and his Staff the door and going out of his way to hire someone so philosophically different in Kelly, that Lurie would end up acquiring the services of Pederson, who has spent the last seven years as one of Reid's chief lieutenants, including the past three as his Offensive Coordinator with the Kansas City Chiefs? It probably helps that he is very familiar with Pederson, who in addition to serving as Philadelphia's Quarterbacks Coach from 2011 to 2012, actually Quarterbacked the team in 1999, which was coincidentally Reid's first year at the helm in Philly. What makes this hire so mind-numbingly perplexing is that this guy is in all likelihood going to run the very same Offense that his mentor did, which ultimately drove many in the organization nuts, with it's conservative and predictable nature. Now, we're not throwing mud on the work he's done with the Chiefs' Offense this season, particularly in guiding Alex Smith to arguably his finest campaign to date without the services of the injured Jamaal Charles for the majority of the year, but there are uninspiring hires, and then there is this. As Chiefs' fans bemoan Reid's sluggish play-calling during the team's Division Round loss to the Patriots on Saturday, the faithful in Philadelphia must be pulling their collective hair out, as they have to be thinking "This again?" One has to think that former General Manager Howie Roseman, who was demoted last winter after losing a power struggle with Kelly, played a prominent role in this move, particularly given his history with Reid, and by extension Pederson. It's our opinion that he's probably looking to reestablish his control and authority in the building, and by hiring someone he's familiar with (or in other words, control) he would indeed achieve just that. With all that said, the Eagles could have had Coughlin, who interviewed just days before they ultimately hired Pederson, which is such a massive foul-up that we simply can't take the time to describe it here. Instead they erred on the side of familiarity, as a nauseating sense of deja vu must be radiating from the City of Brotherly Love.
Tennessee Titans: Grade, F
Mularkey was retained after serving as the Interim Head Coach over the final nine games of the season following the firing of Whisenhunt.
Mike Mularkey, former Tennessee Titans Interim Head Coach: Last and certainly not least, we come to the Tennessee Titans and the sad, revolting mess that their organization has deteriorated into. The last two years have not been kind to this franchise, as they have gone a dreadful 5-27 in that span, running their postseason drought now to seven years. Ken Whisenhunt was supposed to get things back on track in Nashville, but the former Cardinals' skipper was relieved of his duties after just seven games this season, leaving Assistant Head Coach Mike Mularkey to keep the ship afloat in an Interim capacity until the end of the campaign. For his efforts, Mularkey went 2-7 over the final nine games, but the prevailing opinion was that the franchise would indeed move in a different direction, particularly given the impending change in the Front Office; with the expiration of his contract, General Manager Ruston Webster was not retained by the Adams Family, who own the franchise. With the hiring of former New England executive Jon Robinson, attention swung to the vacant Head Coach position, which oddly enough ended up with the same man that occupied that role at the climax of the season. It shouldn't come as a surprise that the Titans' Brass ultimately settled on retaining Mularkey; with growing uncertainty about the Adams Family's ownership of the Franchise in the near future, with many reports leaning towards an eventual sale, it would have been hard to get any reputable Head Coach to come to Tennessee. Or would it? Few teams were armed with the requisite kind of ammunition to entice one of the bigger candidates to fill their vacancy, as the Front Office had the presence of a promising young Quarterback in Marcus Mariota, the No. One Overall Pick in the NFL Draft, and the luxury of hiring your own General Manager at their disposal, which none of the other teams looking for a Head Coach could claim. From the looks of their list of interviews, it seems as if the Front Office inexplicably failed to put these unique yet considerable set of resources to use. And that, folks, is the definition of a party foul in our book. All jokes aside, this Organization needed something. A shot in the arm. Some enthusiasm. Anything. Instead, they got Mularkey. Not to disrespect the man, but he's been a Head Coach on two different occasions prior (14-18 in Buffalo, 2-14 in Jacksonville), and he's been nothing short of mediocre in both stops. In retaining his services they're throwing up the proverbial White Flag, and proclaiming to the rest of the league that nobody wants to work for them, and that they don't really care about the development of Mariota. This is a classic example of a franchise simply content with treading water in a bunker mentality in the expectance of an inevitable change in ownership. The faithful in Nashville don't deserve this, but hey, the Volunteers should be pretty good next year…
Filed Under: Football, NFL, Words From the Oracle Tagged With: Adam Gase, Ben McAdoo, Chip Kelly, Cleveland Browns, Dirk Koetter, Doug Pederson, Hue Jackson, Miami Dolphins, Mike Mularkey, National Football League, New York Giants, NFL, Philadelphia Eagles, San Francisco 49ers, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Tennessee Titans, Words From The Oracle


BMW has plenty to offer at this year's Frankfurt Auto Show, from electrics and hybrids to...something like this!
The M6 GT3 is an outright racing machine that's headed to mutiple race series around the world, starting in 2016. Based on the current M6 luxury sports car, BMW has trimmed the coupe's weight down to roughly 2,800 lbs. That meant stripping the interior of basically everything, apart from a steering wheel, pedals, and one massively bolstered seat for the driver.
The M6 GT3 is an outright racing machine that's headed to mutiple race series around the world, starting in 2016.
Sorry, there's only room for one onboard this BMW.
Under the hood is a twin-turbocharged V-8 that churns out close to 600-horsepower, depending on which race series the particular car might be competing in.
A sequential gearbox gets the power to the huge rear wheels, while the extreme aerodynamics ensure the M6 GT3 stays glued to the road.
Unless we take up a career in racing, it's doubtful we'll get our hands on this ultimate version of the "ultimate driving machine" anytime soon.
Unless we take up a career in racing, it's doubtful we'll get our hands on this ultimate version of the "ultimate driving machine" anytime soon. That doesn't stop us from loving it all the same!


Overall difference of Blue Label vs. Black Label strings: Our Black Label strings have slightly higher tension and a tighter top and bottom. Our Blue Label strings have slightly lower tension and fuller mids. The Blue Label is our most comprehensive line of strings: offerings include stainless, nickel, and flatwound, including XL length for 35" scale 5 string basses.
Overall difference of Stainless vs Nickel strings: Stainless steel is the brightest alloy. They are best for slap bass and have a more cutting and aggressive tone. The initial brightness wears off as the strings age. Nickel strings are warmer, with a smoother feel to the finger tips. They are bright enough to cut through the mix and the tone stays consistent for a longer period of time. The best way to appreciate the differences is to try both on the same bass.


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European Court of Justice
Working Time: Workers can work 12 consecutive days without a Weekly Rest Break
Does the EU Working Time Directive allow for weekly rest for a worker of 24 hours to be given at any point in a 14-day period?
Yes, held the European Court of Justice in Maio Marques da Rosa v Varzim Sol. The case arose from a redundant casino worker in Portugal, who claimed his employer had not given him a weekly rest period of 24 hours at the appropriate time, and it should have been given at the latest after six consecutive working days. The casino operated 12 hours a day, 364 days of the year.
The CJEU held that there was no requirement for weekly rest to be provided after six consecutive days of work, it can be provided within each 7-day period. Therefore, the Directive allows a working pattern with a rest day at the start of one 7-day period and another rest day at the end of the following 7-day period, so working 12 consecutive days is permissible under the Working Time Directive.
11th November 2017 /0 Comments/by Dean Morris
https://employmenttribunal.claims/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Logostrapline-1.jpg 0 0 Dean Morris https://employmenttribunal.claims/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Logostrapline-1.jpg Dean Morris2017-11-11 11:15:102019-05-08 10:14:11Working Time: Workers can work 12 consecutive days without a Weekly Rest Break
Minimum height requirement for Greek Police NOT objectively justified
In Ypourgos Esoterikon and anor v Kalliri, the European Court of Justice has held that imposing a minimum height requirement of 1.7m for enrolment in Greek police schools constituted indirect sex discrimination that was not objectively justified. Far more women than men were disadvantaged by the minimum height requirement, and while the requirement sought to pursue the legitimate aim of enabling the effective accomplishment of the various functions of the police force, certain police functions, such as providing assistance to citizens or traffic control, did not require the use of particular physical aptitude. Furthermore, it is not necessarily the case that a person's height corresponds to his or her physical aptitude to carry out certain functions. The aim that the requirement sought to pursue could be achieved by measures that were less disadvantageous to women – for example, by carrying out pre-selection aptitude tests.
In Greece, a national law required candidates who wished to enter police school to train as officers to be a minimum height. The law required any candidate (male or female) to be at least 1.7m tall, without shoes. When K's application to join the police school was rejected on the basis that she did not meet the minimum height requirement (since she was only 1.68m tall), she presented a complaint before the Greek Court of Appeal which held that the requirement was contrary to the constitutional principle of equality of the sexes. The Greek Interior Minister and the Minister for Education and Religious Affairs appealed against that decision. The Council of State decided to stay the proceedings to ask the ECJ whether the minimum height requirement was compatible with the EU Equal Treatment Directive (No.76/207), which prohibits, among other things, unjustified indirect sex discrimination.
The ECJ noted that the referring court itself had found that a much larger number of women than men are of a height of less than 1.7m, such that, by the application of that law, women were very clearly at a disadvantage compared with men in relation to the admission requirements to the Greek police school. It therefore followed that the law was indirectly discriminatory. As to the question of whether the requirement could be objectively justified as a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim, the Greek Government had submitted that the aim of the law was to enable the effective accomplishment of the task of the Greek police, and that possession of certain particular physical attributes, such as being of a minimum height, was a necessary and appropriate means of achieving that aim. The ECJ noted that previous case law had established that ensuring the operational capacity and proper functioning of the police service constituted a legitimate aim. However, the ECJ held that, while it was true that the exercise of police functions involving the protection of persons and goods, the arrest and custody of offenders and the conducting of crime prevention patrols might require the use of physical force that would require a particular physical aptitude, certain police functions, such as providing assistance to citizens or traffic control, did not require the use of significant physical force. Furthermore, even if all the functions carried out by the Greek police required a particular physical aptitude, such aptitude was not necessarily connected with being over a certain height. Equally, it was not necessarily the case that shorter people naturally lacked that aptitude. It was also worth noting that, until 2003, Greek law required different minimum heights for men and for women to enter the police: for women the minimum height was fixed at 1.65m, compared with 1.7m for men. It was also relevant that there remained different minimum height requirements for men and women to enter the Greek armed forces, port police and coast guard, where the minimum requirement for women was only 1.6m.
The ECJ concluded that the pursued aim could be achieved by measures that were less disadvantageous to women, such as a pre-selection of candidates based on specific tests allowing their physical ability to be assessed. It followed that, subject to the national court's assessment of objective justification, the minimum height requirement breached the Equal Treatment Directive.
Link to case
25th October 2017 /0 Comments/by Dean Morris
https://employmenttribunal.claims/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Logostrapline-1.jpg 0 0 Dean Morris https://employmenttribunal.claims/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Logostrapline-1.jpg Dean Morris2017-10-25 19:49:342019-05-08 10:32:06Minimum height requirement for Greek Police NOT objectively justified