text:
Monika Susanne Schmid
Foreign Language Learning
Additional affiliations
July 2013 - present
Department of Language and Linguistics
Professor (Full)
April 2007 - July 2013
University of Groningen
Center for Language and Cognition Groningen (CLCG)
Professor of English Language
April 2007 - August 2015
Department of English Language and Culture
Erratum to: Lexical Access in L1 Attrition—Competition versus Frequency: A Comparison of Turkish and Moroccan Attriters in the Netherlands
Gulsen Yilmaz
Lexical Access in L1 Attrition—Competition versus Frequency: A Comparison of Turkish and Moroccan Attriters in the Netherlands
Lexical access and lexical diversity are often assumed to be vulnerable to first language (L1) attrition. They also differ between monolinguals and nonimmersed bilinguals. This raises the question whether lexical attrition can be ascribed to nonuse or to competition between the two languages. We compare two populations of late L2 learners of Dutch...
First Language Attrition
The term "language attrition" refers to any process by which a language which an individual commands may be restructured, modified, or otherwise affected by another language in such a way that it less closely resembles the idealized version known and used by monolingual speakers than it did before this crosslinguistic influence started. The phenome...
Can you forget your native language?
On attrition, spaceships and viruses
The Roles of Age, Attitude, and Use in First Language Development and Attrition of Turkish-English Bilinguals: Age, Attitude, and Use in L1 Maintenance and Attrition
Tugba Karayayla
Recent decades have seen an increase in research informing our understanding of the complex ways in which bilingual development is shaped by biological, cognitive, and behavioral factors. We investigate the predictors that shape, drive, and constrain the development of the first language (L1) of bilinguals, focusing on 92 Turkish–English bilingual...
Measuring linguistic complexity in long‐term L2 speakers of English and L1 attriters of German
Cornelia Lahmann
Rasmus Steinkrauss
en Linguistic complexity is neither easily defined nor measured. The challenge in finding reliable ways to measure linguistic complexity is even more pronounced when the variation of contexts in which complexity is measured is taken into account. This paper therefore aims at finding measures for assessing syntactic and lexical complexity that are s...
Development of tonal discrimination in young heritage speakers of Cantonese
Rachel T.Y. Kan
This study uses the Perceptual Assimilation Model for Suprasegmentals (PAM-S) (So & Best, 2008, 2010), supported by the assumptions of the L2 Intonation Learning theory (LILt, Mennen, 2015), to investigate how young heritage speakers of Cantonese living in the United States acquired Cantonese tones. Sixty-seven heritage speakers, aged 5–11, were te...
Language Attrition as a Problem for LADO: Current Perspectives and New Directions
There is a host of criticism of the practice of language analysis for the determination of origin (LADO) from the point of view of various branches of linguistics (forensic linguistics, contact linguistics, sociolinguistics etc.). The present contribution offers an additional perspective from the area of multilingual development. I argue that, in t...
First Language Attrition as a Function of Age at Onset of Bilingualism: First Language Attainment of Turkish–English Bilinguals in the United Kingdom
This investigation aimed to provide insights into the controversial debate on the role that age at onset of bilingualism plays in human language capacity with a focus on what it entails for first language (L1) attrition. L1 performance of Turkish immigrants (n = 57) in the United Kingdom with age at onset ranging between 7 and 34 years was compared...
Predictors of Language Dominance: An Integrated Analysis of First Language Attrition and Second Language Acquisition in Late Bilinguals
Late bilinguals who spend (part of) their adult lives in an environment where a language other than the one they learned in childhood is spoken typically experience a range of language development phenomena. Most obviously, they will acquire some level of receptive and/or productive knowledge of the new, or second, language (L2). How basic or advan...
Supplementary Material 4
Section III Introduction 16. Linguistic factors
Esther de Leeuw
At the heart of most investigations into language attrition are the actual linguistic manifestations of the process: observable phenomena of how a particular individual uses or comprehends language differently after becoming bilingual from how they used or comprehended it in the past, or from how other monolingual speakers do this. This chapter giv...
Chapter 11. First language attrition and bilingualism: The state of the science across its subfields
Zusammenhänge zwischen Attrition der L1 und L2-Erwerb
Mona Timmermeister
The relevance of first language attrition to theories of bilingual development
Barbara Köpke
Research on second language acquisition and bilingual development strongly suggests that when a previously monolingual speaker becomes multilingual, the different languages do not exist in isolation: they are closely linked, dependent on each other, and there is constant interaction between these different knowledge systems. Theoretical frameworks...
First Language Attrition Seminar Series – ESRC
When is a bilingual an attriter?: Response to the commentaries
Erratum to "L2 immersion causes non-native-like L1 pronunciation in German attriters" [J. Phon. 58 (2016) 71–86]
Christopher Bergmann
Amber Nota
Simone Sprenger
Chapter 5. Individual differences in cognitive control advantages of elderly late Dutch-English bilinguals: Effects of Bilingualism on Cognitive Aging
Merel C.J. Keijzer
This chapter provides an overview of the issues and challenges in research on first language attrition. While attrition is considered the beginning of the process of language shift and loss in the general field of language contact, a person's language may undergo attrition without being completely lost, partly through non-use and partly through int...
Individual phonological attrition in Albanian-English late bilinguals
Aurela Tusha
The purpose of this study was to investigate phonological attrition in 10 native Albanian speakers who acquired Standard Southern British English (SSBE) as a second language (L2) in London, United Kingdom. A contrast was examined which is phonemic in Albanian but allophonic in SSBE, namely the production of light and dark lateral approximants. Impr...
L2 immersion causes non-native-like L1 pronunciation in German attriters
According to Flege's Speech Learning Model, the speech sounds of a bilingual's languages are contained in one common phonological space. This predicts bidirectional influence on the articulation of these speech sounds. We investigated the influence of a late-learned second language (L2) on the first language (L1) in a group of German L1 attriters i...
Entrenchment and language attrition.
Entrenchment and language attrition
R. Steinkrauss
Multi-factorial Studies: Populations and Linguistic Features
It was suggested in the introduction to this volume that cumulative evidence from studies investigating populations of learners from varying linguistic backgrounds, under different learning contexts, and with a range of experimental designs is necessary in order to gain further insight into fundamental questions of bilingual development—such as whe...
Multi-competence and first language attrition
Bregtje Seton
Introduction The multi-competence approach views bilingual development as a wholistic process that impacts not only on the linguistic system which is being acquired but on other languages that are already established in the mind/brain (Cook 2012). This perspective implies that the process commonly referred to as first language attrition - the chang...
The contribution of collocations to L1 and L2 fluency
In their seminal paper, Pawley and Syder (1983) argued that fluent and idiomatic control of a language is largely the result of what they described as access to "lexicalized sentence stems". Such word sequences are familiar to both speaker and hearer and presumably can be retrieved from the mental lexicon as a whole, thereby freeing processing capa...
Individual differences in cognitive control advantages of elderly late Dutch-English bilinguals
Merel Keijzer
This study addresses a gap in the literature on executive function advantages among bilingual speakers by investigating a group of elderly, long-term, immersed bilinguals. Our participants are native Dutch speakers who emigrated to Australia as adults and have spent many years in that country. They are compared on a range of cognitive and linguisti...
Age Effects in L2 Grammar processing as revealed by ERPs and How (Not) to Study Them
Nienke Meulman
Martijn Wieling
In this study we investigate the effect of age of acquisition (AoA) on grammatical processing in second language learners as measured by event-related brain potentials (ERPs). We compare a traditional analysis involving the calculation of averages across a certain time window of the ERP waveform, analyzed with categorical groups (early vs. late), w...
S1 Table
Materials. (PDF)
S1 File
Data. (ZIP)
Analysis. (HTML)
Speed, breakdown, and repair: An investigation of fluency in long-term second-language speakers of English
Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions The present study investigated which factors would best predict second-language (L2) fluency in a group of long-term L2 speakers of different English varieties with German as their first language. Design/methodology/approach L2 fluency was conceptualized in terms of utterance fluency for which speed,...
Second language development in a migrant context: Turkish community in the Netherlands
This study explores the extent to which first language (L1) versus second language (L2) use and attachments to native versus majority language and culture influence the proficiency in the L2 Dutch among the Turkish-Dutch bilinguals. The community under investigation is of particular significance because it represents the largest non-Western ethnic...
Prolonged L2 immersion engenders little change in morphosyntactic processing of bilingual natives
Laurie A. Stowe
Bilingual and monolingual language processing differ, presumably because of constant parallel activation of both languages in bilinguals. We attempt to isolate the effects of parallel activation in a group of German first-language (L1) attriters, who have grown up as monolingual natives before emigrating to an L2 environment. We hypothesized that p...
Factors Affecting Grammatical and Lexical Complexity of Long-Term L2 Speakers' Oral Proficiency
There remains considerable disagreement about which factors drive second language (L2) ultimate attainment. Age of onset (AO) appears to be a robust factor, lending support to theories of maturational constraints on L2 acquisition. The present study is an investigation of factors that influence grammatical and lexical complexity at the stage of L2...
Designing research on bilingual development: Behavioral and neurolinguistic experiments.
Sanne Meike Berends
The present text addresses theoretical and practical concerns that are relevant for large-scale investigations of bilingual development. It discusses the necessity of approaches that use a variety of elicitation methods and assess different populations. Such investigations can help resolve some of the most important current questions and controvers...
The impact of language co-activation on L1 and L2 speech fluency
Fluent speech depends on the availability of well-established linguistic knowledge and routines for speech planning and articulation. A lack of speech fluency in late second-language (L2) learners may point to a deficiency of these representations, due to incomplete acquisition. Experiments on bilingual language processing have shown, however, that...
The Simon Task With Young Adult Bilinguals Revisited: New Evidence and Analyses.
Steven Samuel
Karen Roehr-Brackin
Debi Roberson
The bilingual advantage hypothesis contends that speakers of more than one language accrue cognitive benefits over their monolingual peers. In the Simon Task (1969), participants respond with a left- or right-key press to the colour of red and green squares that are presented either on the left or right side of the screen. The response time differe...
EEG and Event-Related Brain Potentials
Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) have become a standard method in many areas of cognitive research, including second-language research, over the last decade and a half (Van Hell and Tokowicz 2010). ERPs can provide evidence which is central to the controversy on the similarity or difference of first and second-language processing. However, the...
Second language development in a migrant context: First generation Turks in the Netherlands. International Journal of the Sociology of Language.
Abstract This study explores the extent to which L1 (first language) versus L2 (second language) use and emotional attachments to native versus majority language and culture influence the proficiency in the L2 Dutch among the Turkish-Dutch bilinguals. The community under investigation is of particular significance because it represents the largest...
Sprachverlust im Kontext von Migration und Asyl
Lexical access and lexical diversity in first language attrition
Scott Jarvis
This paper presents an investigation of lexical first language (L1) attrition, asking how a decrease in lexical accessibility manifests itself in long-term residents in a second language (L2) environment. We question the measures typically used in attrition studies (formal tasks and type-token ratios) and argue for an in-depth analysis of free spok...
An ERP study on L2 syntax processing: When do learners fail?
Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) can reveal online processing differences between native speakers and second language (L2) learners during language comprehension. Using the P600 as a measure of native-likeness, we investigated processing of grammatical gender agreement in highly proficient immersed Romance L2 learners of Dutch. We demonstrate...
The Debate on Maturational Constraints in Bilingual Development: A Perspective from First-Language Attrition
A controversial topic in research on second-language acquisition is whether residual variability and optionality in high-proficiency late second-language (L2) learners is merely the outcome of cross-linguistic transfer, competition, and processing limitations, or whether late learners have an underlying representational deficit due to maturational...
L1 pronunciation of German attriters shows English L2 influence
How independent are the sound systems of the two languages a bilingual speaks? There is ample evidence that in a late-learned second language (L2), the pronunciation remains shaped by the early-learned first language (L1) up to high levels of general proficiency (Flege & Schmidt, 1995; Flege et al., 1999). It is less well-established, however, to w...
Comparing foreign accent in L1 attrition and L2 acquisition: Range and rater effects
Holger Hopp
This study examines the methodology of global foreign accent ratings in studies on L2 speech production. In three experiments, we test how variation in raters, range within speech samples, as well as instructions and procedures affects ratings of accent in predominantly monolingual speakers of German, non-native speakers of German, as well as long-...
Ultimate attainment in late second language acquisition: Phonetic and grammatical challenges in advanced Dutch–English bilingualism
Steven Gilbers
The present article provides an exploration of ultimate attainment in second language (L2) and its limitations. It is argued that the question of maturational constraints can best be investigated when the reference population is bilingual and exposed on a regular basis to varieties of their first language (L1) that show cross-linguistic influence....
Neuter is not Common in Dutch: Eye Movements Reveal Asymmetrical Gender Processing
Hanneke Loerts
Native speakers of languages with transparent gender systems can use gender cues to anticipate upcoming words. To examine whether this also holds true for a non-transparent two-way gender system, i.e. Dutch, eye movements were monitored as participants followed spoken instructions to click on one of four displayed items on a screen (e.g., Klik op \...
Language attrition as a complex, non-linear development
Kees De Bot
The present paper will present an overview of the state of the art in language attrition research, attempting to provide an integrated picture of the attrition process in the light of Dynamic Systems Theory. Recent findings suggest that a fully developed L1 system is a powerful attractor state, as defined by Dynamic Systems Theory. Once this state...
Predictability speeds up the re-analysis process: An ERP investigation of gender agreement and cloze probability
Phonetic crosslinguistic influence in L1 attriters and L2 learners: different and unique phonemes
A recent study (Hopp & Schmid, forthc.) has demonstrated that very advanced long-term bilinguals exhibit a larger amount of variation in global foreign accent ratings when rated by native speakers than monolingual speakers of the same language, irrespective of whether the language in question is their L2 (late learners) or their L1 (late attriters)...
Erratum: Perceived foreign accent in first language attrition and second language acquisition: The impact of age of acquisition and bilingualism (Applied Psycholinguistics (2013)34 (361-394))
Perceived foreign accent in first language attrition and second language acquisition: The impact of age of acquisition and bilingualism—ERRATUM
This study investigates constraints on ultimate attainment in second language (L2) pronunciation in a direct comparison of perceived foreign accent of 40 late L2 learners and 40 late first language (L1) attriters of German. Both groups were compared with 20 predominantly monolingual controls. Contrasting participants who acquired the target languag...
Speakers who live in an L2 environment for an extended period of time often experience change in the way in which they use their L1, a process referred to as L1 attrition. This article provides an overview of language attrition phenomena at various linguistic levels. However, attrition cannot be trivially or linearly related to factors such as the...
Perceived foreign accent in L1 attrition and L2 acquisition: the impact of age of acquisition and bilingualism
L1 accessibility among Turkish-Dutch bilinguals
This study investigates whether lexical knowledge in the first language (L1) of late Turkish-Dutch bilinguals becomes less accessible for the production of fluent speech and in controlled experimental tasks as a result of extended stay in the Netherlands. It is also considered to what degree extra-linguistic factors can account for this phenomenon....
Attrition and Multilingualism
To think "bilingualism" is usually to think "second language" (L2). Virtually all research that is conducted on multilinguals focuses on the way in which they acquire and use the languages which are not their "native" one. Observations gained from that study are then compared to first language (L1) speakers, and attempts are made to pinpoint and ex...
Foreign language attrition
Teodora Mehotcheva
The present contribution discusses recent developments and future directions in the attrition of instructed foreign languages, arguing for a distinction between this type of attrition and attrition involving second languages acquired implicitly in an immersion setting. An overview of the history of research in the field and the most prominent findi...
A dynamic usage based perspective on L2 writing
Marjolijn Verspoor
Xiaouyan Xu
The goal of this study was to explore the contribution that a dynamic usage based (DUB) perspective can bring to the establishment of objective measures to assess L2 learners' written texts and at the same time to gain insight into the dynamic process of language development. Four hundred and thirty seven texts written by Dutch learners of English...
The impact of age and exposure on bilingual development in international adoptees and family migrants: A perspective from Holocaust survivors
This paper addresses the long-term effects of being exposed to a language early in life for a limited period of time, as is the case in international adoptees. Recent findings are divided as to whether such a situation will lead to sequential monolingualism or whether speakers do remain bilingual to some extent, although they cannot readily access...
First language attrition: state of the discipline and future directions
The overwhelming bias for investigations of bilingualism is to focus on the increase of knowledge and crosslinguistic traffic from the L1 to the L2. Developments which concern loss, deterioration or reduced accessibility of knowledge and traffic from the L2 to the L1 are much less well-studied and understood, and usually treated as a somewhat margi...
Second language acquisition and attrition
Language Attrition and Identity
This chapter will discuss the loss or attrition of a first language (L1) in an immigration setting. Based on two large-scale investigations of migrant populations with German as a first language (Schmid 2002; Schmid 2007), it will be investigated to what degree regular use of the first language in daily life and attitudes toward the culture of orig...
Modeling bilingualism: From structure to chaos. In honor of Kees de Bot
Wander Lowie
From structure to chaos: twenty years of modeling bilingualism / Diane Larsen-Freeman, Monika S. Schmid and Wander Lowie -- Psycholinguistic perspectives on language processing in bilinguals / Judith Kroll and Daan Hermans -- Triggered codeswitching: evidence from picture naming experiments / Mirjam Broersma -- Working memory capacity, inhibitory c...
How to sections
Paul van geert
Coding and extracting data
Brian Macwhinney
Contact x time
Introduction: From structure to chaos
Diane Larsen-Freeman
Language Attrition
'Language attrition' describes the loss of, or changes to, grammatical and other features of a language as a result of declining use by speakers who have changed their linguistic environment and language habits. In such a situation there may, for example, be simplification in the tense system or in certain properties of subordinate clauses; some vo...
Disfluency Markers in L1 Attrition
Kristy Beers Fägersten
Based on an analysis of the speech of long-term émigrés of German and Dutch origin, the present investigation discusses to which extent hesitation patterns in language attrition may be the result of the creation of an interlanguage system on the one hand or of language-internal attrition patterns on the other. We compare speech samples elicited by...
Innovative and quantitative methods for bilingualism research
Elise Dusseldorp
Tempora mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis. To the scientist, external change often implies drastic and challenging developments, particularly to the ways in which the data on which scientific investigations are based are observed, collected and analysed, as well as the pressure to adapt to these changes. Over the past decades, the technological rev...
Quantitative analyses in a multivariate study of language attrition: The impact of extralinguistic factors
Most linguistic processes – acquisition, change, deterioration – take place in and are determined by a complex and multifactorial web of language internal and language external influences. This implies that the impact of each individual factor can only be determined on the basis of a careful consideration of its interplay with all other factors. Th...
The effects of contact on native language pronunciation in an L2 migrant setting
Ineke Mennen
The primary aim of this study was to determine whether native speakers of German living in either Canada or the Netherlands are perceived to have a foreign accent in their native German speech. German monolingual listeners (n = 19) assessed global foreign accent of 34 L1 German speakers in Anglophone Canada, 23 L1 German speakers in the Dutch Nethe...
Languages at play: The relevance of L1 attrition to the study of bilingualism
Speakers who routinely use more than one language may not use any of their languages in ways which are exactly like that of a monolingual speaker. In sequential bilingualism, for example, there is often evidence of interference from the L1 in the L2 system. Describing these interference phenomena and accounting for them on the basis of theoretical...
9. L1 Attrition and the Mental Lexicon: Interdisciplinary Approaches
First language attrition and reversion among older migrants
Emigration usually requires speakers to become bilingual, and eventually they may even become dominant in their second language. This can lead to a gradual loss of proficiency in the first language, a phenomenon referred to as first language attrition. As migrants become elderly, however, they sometimes report a "reversion" in language dominance, w...
On L1 attrition and the linguistic system
One of the most puzzling observations for linguists is the difference between learning a language from birth and later in life: while all normally developing children can attain full native language proficiency, there is considerable variability in ultimate attainment among older speakers who attempt to acquire a second language (L2). There is an o...
L1 attrition and the mental lexicon
Research on the bilingual mental lexicon has progressed considerably over the past 25 years. Two questions have received particular attention in this respect, namely organisational principles of a bilingual lexicon on the one hand and chronometrical aspects of on-line access in bilinguals on the other. A third important point that has been largely...
Multilingualism and attrition: Moroccan and Turkish immigrants in the Netherlands.
I. Introduction The study in progress that will be introduced in this paper explores development in the first and second languages among first generation Moroccan and Turkish immigrants in the Netherlands. More specifically, we investigate how the bilingual proficiency of Moroccan and Turkish immigrants in the Netherlands changes and grows over ti...
Language Attrition Research Network
The Handbook of Applied Linguistics
The overwhelming bias for investigations of bilingualism is to focus on the increase of knowledge and crosslinguistic traffic from the L1 to the L2. Developments which concern loss, deterioration or reduced accessibility of knowledge and traffic from the L2 to the L1 are much less well-studied and understood, and are usually treated as a somewhat m...
Defining language attrition
Bilingualism and attrition
This collection of articles provides theoretical foundations and perspectives for language attrition research. Its purpose is to enable investigations of L1 attrition to avail themselves more fully and more fundamentally of the theoretical frameworkes that have been formulated with respect to SLA and bilingualism.
Global foreign accent in native German speech


text:
The Rocks, with Bark hut, on George's River, Ne...
The Rocks, with Bark hut, on George's River, New South Wales c1850
Philip Henry Ferdinand Phelps
[DL PX 57, f17b]
Colonial architecture Housing Rivers and Catchments
Georges River
Phelps, Philip Henry Ferdinand
Three albums of sketches and watercolours by Captain P H F Phelps of scenes in Sydney and New South Wales were sold at auction in London in 1924 during a sale of John Calvert's collection. Phelps was the son of Lieutenant Colonel JH Phelps who arrived in Sydney in 1835 and was the Liverpool police magistrate between 1838 and his death in 1841.P H F Phelps was in the 51st Regiment, like his father, until 1837 when he transferred as Captain to the 48th.
Rivers and Catchments
Colonial architecture
River that rises at Appin in the upland swamps of the O'Hares Creek catchment, and flows 80 kilometres north and east to meet Botany Bay at Taren Point, in Sydney's southern suburbs. The total catchment is over 930 square kilometres managed by a large number of local government authorities and is the main tributary of Botany Bay.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Socialist Party and the Anarchist Picnic. Trouble Makers - Anarchism and Syndicalism.
By the turn of the century there were only a few hundred active socialists in Aotearoa, but with the arrival of 190 men and women who intended to form a co-operative colony, the number almost doubled. The colony was backed by William Ranstead the financial supporter of the "Clarion", a socialist weekly magazine published in England. The colony was never established and the "Clarionettes", as they were known dispersed throughout New Zealand. Nevertheless they did help to establish the first New Zealand Socialist Party.
The first branch was set up in Wellington in July 1901. The party represented most shades of socialist thought from Marxists, Fabians, parliamentary socialists, to syndicalists and anarchists, and was loosely organised. Soon after other branches were formed in Auckland and Christchurch. Tom Mann was an early organiser for the Party. Mann along with Benn Tillett, who also visited Aotearoa, had been organisers of the successful 1889 London dock strike. By 1903 the Party had established a journal called the "Commonweal", based in Wellington and edited by Robert Hogg. Wellington became the centre for a group of anti-parliamentary socialists. Hogg declared in the first issue of "Commonweal".
At last night's meeting of anarchists, the principal said they were there to commemorate the political murder of the men who had become known throughout the world as the Chicago martyrs. He enumerated the martyrs, and said he had personal evidence having been associated with some of their comrades, of their superior abilities as organisers of the workers and as propagators of rationalism at that time. These men had been brutally murdered because they had dared to show the wage-slaves how they were exploited by capitalists -- because they realised that organisation was necessary for the salvation of the workers, who were then practically disorganised in the United States. The capitalist class, who composed the State,- deemed it necessary to get rid of these organisers, and so they were flung into prison and some eventually murdered.
At first the growth of the party was slow but by 1907-08 the increase in membership was dramatic. In April 1908 the party claimed 3000 members. That same year they held their first national conference. The first objective was; The establishment in New Zealand of a co-operative commonwealth founded on the socialisation of land and capital. The conference condemned political action by a two to one majority. However they did stand candidates on several occasions. Branches of the party were established in many small mining towns, including Waihi and Huntly. In Runanga, on the West Coast party members included the mayor, town clerk, headmaster and local Methodist minister.
An amusing incident occurred in Christchurch in 1910 and is related in an article, "Anarcho-Syndicalism in the New Zealand Labour Movement", written forty years later in the "N.Z. Labour Review", a Communist Party journal.
'The local branch of the Socialist Party was facing an election campaign with empty coffers, and little prospect of filling them. The Literature Committee, however who operated a separate fund, were solvent to the extent of �40. A motion was therefore moved to amalgamate the general funds of the Branch, (nil), the Social Committee (nil), and the Literature Committee, for use in the election campaign. Unfortunately for this scheme the membership of the Literature Committee were anarchist to a man, and had no use for elections. One of the Committee's members had the vote on this motion shelved on the grounds that since it amounted to the rescinding of the previous decision which had decided on the operation of separate funds, a special notice of motion would first have to be given. The irony of an avowed anarchist employing such legalist arguments was apparently lost on the meeting and the matter was held over.
Immediately the meeting concluded the Literature Committee went to work. By the small hours of the following morning they had completed their labours, which consisted of the ordering of booklets, sending a third of the amount of each order as deposit. When they had finished, their finances were in the same state as the rest of the branch. The first result of this nocturnal activity was that at the following meeting the resignations of the entire Committee were called for, and cheerfully tendered, the offending members promptly forming themselves into a branch of the I. W. W.
The second result did not eventuate for some months, but when it did it took the form of a stream of large wicker hampers packed with printed material, to the total number of over 100,000. The Socialist Party disclaimed ownership of them and they were distributed by a group of individuals, most of them being taken in bulk lots by trade union branches, principally those of miners and waterside workers.
The article continues to outline the influence syndicalism had within the labour movement and goes on to describe Semple, Fraser, Savage and co as anarcho-syndicalists which is even for a communist stretching imagination a little too far. We can only assume that the literature had more value than a handful of votes. But the real point of the article was to point out what the communists perceived as the follies of syndicalism to the watersiders of 1950.


I just returned from three packed days at the Sirius Decisions Summit in Scottsdale. Once again, the Sirius Summit proved to be the event for sophisticated, ambitious organizations. The Sirius analysts always have fresh, often counterintuitive approaches to tough problems. When they start speaking, the audience is nodding in agreement and taking notes as fast as they can.
We heard from five organizations that have taken the lead management journey: Iron Mountain, Kronos, F5, American Express and Hexaware. In most cases, the presentations were made jointly by both the head of sales and head of marketing. The learning and results of those journeys were spectacular.
This is a big undertaking. Don't undersell it.
Some marketing organizations try to go it alone. You know, "under the radar" … shhhh. For some obvious reasons, they're not comfortable bringing in Sales, the CIO or the CFO. This is a big mistake! The most successful organizations employ a highly inclusive process. In fact, the CFO often proved to be one of the most enthusiastic supporters of efforts to "demystify the black box of sales and marketing expense." Go big or go home.
The results can be stunning.
F5 reported that marketing inquiries went from 1.7% of pipeline to 13.2% of pipeline. And Kirby Wadsworth, their SVP Marketing reported: "for every $1 in marketing spend, we generate $38.70 in new pipeline." In the case of Iron Mountain, they said that "last year Marketing only sourced 4% of closed business. This year – about 22%!" These are not incremental improvements. These results are game-changers.
I sell technology for a living … so, I would love to tell ya "it's all about the technology." But it's not. You need alignment on definitions (e.g., what's a sales-ready lead?) and goals, processes (e.g., lead scoring, lead routing, nurturing), team accountability, and organizational buy-in. At some point, you also need marketing automation and CRM to make it all work. But don't start there.
Trying to figure out social, mobile and content.
Despite the sophisticated audience, it was obvious that even advanced organizations have new challenges. Surprisingly, 41% of attendees said that they "have no content strategy." Discussions about social media revealed that there are a wide range of beliefs about the value of social media to demand gen and, to be sure, the best ways to incorporate social media into demand generation programs. Marketers are also struggling (translation: they are late to the game) of making sure they have a mobile strategy, or, at least can ensure that their messages can be read and tracked on smartphones and tablets.
A big thank you to Sirius Decisions for hosting and producing such an amazing event. And to all my fellow attendees – thank you for all the great ideas. See you next year!


We've all had those gatherings where we had to meet up with the extended family and play it nice with our cousins for the sake of keeping the peace amongst our clan but also in all due respect for our parents and ancestors. We may have felt a lot of joy being surrounded by our relatives or on the contrary a lot of anger and frustration. If you've been in this kind of situation before, the play Bad Jews by Joshua Harmon will be very familiar as it will get you to witness the whole spectrum of human emotions while listening and engaging with all the different point of views and experiences of Daphna Feygenbaum, Jonah and Liam Harber (brothers) as they mourn the death of their beloved grandfather and debate as to who gets to keep his precious heirloom.
I was very fortunate to witness the premiere of this amazing play which had been done at Segal Centre last year and was totally sold out but is now back on popular demand! The playwright, Joshua Harmon, has been praised plenty for his work that as been staged all over the world and is since 2012, one of the most popular play in North America.
As we entered the theater, audience members walked along a narrow path reproducing an apartment hallway in order to get to their seats; already, we were in the space. The lights went off and the whole story began. It's in this realistic setting that we were able to observe a moment in the life of Jonah and Daphna, late at night in a small studio apartment in New York city, exhausted from what seemed like a big funeral day. Liam brought an extra special guest with him, his new girlfriend Melody who is a non-Jew blond, blue eyed and his soon wife to be. It's in this tense atmosphere that we witness old secrets, family affairs, pain and religion unleashed as the young three adults argue over who is more deserving of inheriting their grandfathers heirloom. Should it be the most religious grandchild who wants to preserve the traditions? The eldest who claims he is a bad Jew? Or the one who hasn't said a word, for he doesn't want to be involved? Melody watches the cousins fight over years of traditions symbolized with what is left of this family's legacy, their grandfather's necklace.
The play is great in the way that it tackles very ancient traditions and asks us what does it mean to be a Jew today. This dramatic comedy is refreshing and uses smart humour techniques in order to get its message across without being too heavy. The actors have a great energy and deliver their lines in fast pace as if there is no more time to be lost. Their energy is tangible and they are all connected at every moment even in their silence and in their listening. All their speeches have a space to exist and they do a great job at delivering the point of view of their respective characters. They are grounded from beginning to end and never lose focus of their personal objectives. I want to point out the great delivery of the cast, that is very connected and really gives an amazing performance. I want to congratulate the three returning actors and cousins Jamie Elman, Jake Goldside and Sarah Segal-Lazar for their great work!
This play is wonderful at the work it does in exploring the question of faith, family and legacy and asking us as an audience what does it means to be worthy of our ancestors? Should we question traditions centuries old, traditions that people have followed for centuries and are still following?
The whole creative team working on this play brings to life a stunning story that deserves to be listened to and opens a discussion that I feel is much need for today's generations of people who are less and less inclined towards religion.
If you are looking for a smart comedy with a strong message and great actors I suggest you see Bad Jews at the Segal Centre. Let yourself be charmed by these colourful, attaching characters and, who knows, maybe it will prepare you to face your own family this coming holiday season! Great show, a must see.
Bad Jews plays at the Segal Centre of Performing Arts (5170 chemin de la Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal) from November 8th to November 26th, Tickets: 514.739.7944. Click HERE for tickets and showtimes.


text:
BADLADDAD
MUNRO CV
Arsenal's penalty
Chelsea's title
Paolo Di Canio
Arsenal's Immortals
Glenn Hoddle
Arsenal's Immortals win the League without losing a game | May 16, 2004
INVINCIBLE ARSENAL
THEIR manager calls them "immortals"; the rest of us can do no more than wonder at the achievement of Arsène Wenger's Arsenal, writes Jim Munro, football editor.
A 2-1 win over Leicester City at Highbury yesterday concluded a remarkable season in which the Premiership champions have avoided defeat in 38 gruelling Premiership matches, a year after Wenger first declared it was possible. Only Preston North End, back in the League's inaugural 1888-89 season, had remained unbeaten previously, but over far fewer matches, 22, and at a time when professional football was in its infancy.
Twenty-six victories, 12 draws, no defeats: Arsenal finish 11 points clear of runners-up Chelsea but on a new plateau in League history.
"We are very proud," said Wenger, as his troops jigged around the Higbury turf in celebration. "Unless you get there, you can't quite believe it. I always had that dream and to reach it is marvellous.
"It is my third title and the best one. Not to lose is amazing. What fantastic players. I would like, officially, to take this moment to thank them."
Asked whether he was already targeting new blood for next term, Wenger said: "We always want to improve, we always want to get better. I am confident this team is hungry for more. The target now is to get it out of them next season as well."
Leicester, already relegated, had the temerity to take the lead with a Paul Dickov header on 26 minutes, but Arsenal's unbeaten record looked secure just after half-time, when leading scorer Thierry Henry equalised with a penalty. Captain Patrick Vieira scored the winning goal on 66 minutes. "It has still not finally gone in yet," said Henry, who became just the fourth player in the Premiership's 12-season history to score 30 or more League goals in a season. "It may take 20 years for people to realise what we have done. We wanted to do something special and now we have done it is something more than amazing.
"It does not matter if someone does it again because we will be the first to have done it. That will go down in history.
"We must always remember that this season we were unbeatable."Vieira added: "I am proud to be captain. We have a very good dressing room and the players give 100% for the team. We are really strong as a team. We never set out to go unbeaten. Our intention was always that we just wanted to win. You never know how good you are until a season ends but this team will be remembered forever now.
"We are going to enjoy ourselves and then come back and set our new targets."There were a couple of black marks in Manchester United's end-of-term report, a 2-0 win at Aston Villa with goals by Cristiano Ronaldo and Ruud van Nistelrooy, tarnished by sendings-off for youngsters Ronaldo and Darren Fletcher, both players picking up two yellow cards. Villa's defeat allowed Newcastle to clinch fifth place and a Uefa Cup spot after drawing 1-1 at fourth-place Liverpool.
Portsmouth signed off with a 5-1 win over Middlesbrough at Fratton Park, Yakubu Aiyegbeni scoring four of those goals, while Manchester City matched that scoreline at home to Everton. A Jesper Gronkjaer goal enabled Chelsea to beat Leeds 1-0.
Content © 2019 Jim Munro


Pour one out for the Gold Guy tonight, my fellow gamers. A sage pillar of the industry has fallen.
Just 154 days after acquiring LucasArts as part of their larger, $4B acquisition of Lucasfilm, Disney has dissolved the classic video game development company.
Beginning today, Disney will continue to license out the LucasArts properties (namely Star Wars), but has ceased the development of all internal projects. Some projects (such as the incredible looking Star Wars 1313) may find new homes with other development houses, but their status is currently up in the air.
While the move was not unforeseen (the company's last few games haven't been very successful, and rumors of projects being shuttered have trickled in since the acquisition), that doesn't make today's news any less disheartening. A part of my childhood — a part of an entire generation of gamer's collective childhood, really — goes down with LucasArts.
To the 150 people reportedly laid off today, and to everyone who had a part in the LucasArts legacy, we thank you.
Thank you for bringing us into the world of Guybrush Threepwood and Monkey Island.
Thank you for Maniac Mansion and Day Of The Tentacle, two games which helped to prove that video games could be funny, and somehow remain funny to this very day.
Thank you for The Dig, a game that got me through a particularly terrible flu in the third grade and re-sparked my then waning interest in computers.
Thank you for bringing Sam and Max into the digital world. Though they live on at Telltale Games (which, like Double Fine, is a team founded by LucasArts alum), LucasArts was the first company to see Sam and Max's potential as more than just a lil' indie comic book.
Thank you for Star Wars: Battlefront (co-developed with Pandemic Studios, also since shuttered), The Force Unleashed, the X-Wing series, for your part in Knights Of The Old Republic, and for countless other memories.
LucasArts had its hits and it had its misses, but their legacy extends beyond any one game, brand, or series. Their games defined genres, and much of the talent they nurtured throughout the 90s has gone on to define the entire industry.
So long, LucasArts, and thanks for all the SCUMM.


Please see below our September Market Update.
August was surprisingly active on the buying side and we expect activity to remain fairly constant between now and Christmas.
Our client was recommended to SP Property by his private bank in Zurich. Our brief was to find him an apartment in central London with good transport links to both the City and London Heathrow.
We outlined the options and proposed focusing the search in Clerkenwell, EC1 as the area to best fit his criteria and budget. We showed a shortlist of just two hand-selected properties, one of which was in a boutique warehouse conversion of just 7 apartments which had not yet been released to the open market.
As well as being located in one of the best enclaves of Clerkenwell and being within a high quality development, the apartment boasted a 584 square foot wrap around roof terrace which is rare for warehouse conversion buildings in the area.
Our client listened to our advice and recognised that it was necessary to act quickly. As a result we managed to secure the property for him before details were released to other buyers on the open market.
Post-exchange of contracts, our Settling in Support team have been assisting our client in setting up the apartment, including activating his accounts with various utility providers and suppliers in his absence while he has been travelling abroad.
We've seen transaction volumes continue to remain low, in our opinion mainly because many non-necessity buyers have disappeared from the market for the time being. These include a lot of overseas buyers who would otherwise be active buying London bases or adding trophy London property to their existing property holdings. Buy to let investors are also less prominent in the market than they have been in recent years.
However there has been a significant increase in activity with 'life must go on' domestic buyers. In other words, those who have a genuine need to move, whether because upsizing, downsizing, moving for schools or deciding that now is the time to get out of rented accommodation and start owning.
We have also seen an increase in those buying a pied a terre, opting to buy a London home rather than spend large parts of the week or month in hotels.
The increase in activity started in mid-August when we advised many of our buying clients to make the most of the property choice and negotiation opportunity of buying during the traditionally quiet summer months.
The activity within this type of buyer pool remains strong and we expect this to continue through to Christmas.
We have seen the activity levels pick up on the properties whose sales we are managing for our clients. Here we have been retained to act as our client's representative and stand between them and the appointed selling agents.
In one case we have been working with a client whose property has been on the market since January. Last month there were two asking price bids which ended up in one buyer paying above the asking price and putting down a non-refundable deposit.
Another managed sale property we are involved in has been advertised since April this year and, six weeks after it was removed from the open market, we received interest and have agreed a sale. This was largely due to us maintaining contact with the selling agents even after the property was officially withdrawn from the market.
Whilst we, and the leading research teams, do not believe there will be price growth over the next two years, the general consensus is that prices will are unlikely to fall further.
Latest research from Savills then forecasts an ambitious price growth forecast of 20% over the next five years. If you agree with our view that London prices have found their new level, buyers are taking the decision that if the right property comes up, it is a good time to buy.
We have been advising one client who purchased a substantial 4,000 sq ft (372 sq m) unmodernised house in Holland Park which he has now obtained planning permission to extend into a 7,500 sq ft (697 sq m) family house. He completes next month and has already received offers for more than what he paid for it. This is yet more evidence that buying activity has come out of hibernation, even at the higher end of the market.
We are currently most active representing buying clients in the £1.5m – £6m price bracket and if we can assist with any purchase advice then please contact us.


text:
Home > CHINESE DATE
Chinese Date is a drupe, varying from round to elongate and from cherry-size to plum-size depending on cultivar. It has a thin, edible skin surrounding whitish flesh of sweet, agreeable flavor. The single hard stone contains two seeds. The immature fruit is green in color, but as it ripens it goes through a yellow-green stage with mahogany-colored spots appearing on the skin as theChinese Date fruit ripens further. The fully mature Chinese Date fruit is entirely red. Shortly after becoming fully red, the fruit begins to soften and wrinkle. The fruit can be eaten after it becomes wrinkled, but most people prefer them during the interval between the yellow-green stage and the full red stage. At this stage the flesh is crisp and sweet, reminiscent of an apple. Under dry conditions jujubes lose moisture, shrivel and become spongy inside. Tests in Russia indicate a very high vitamin C content. The fruit has been used medicinally for millennia by many cultures. One of its most popular uses is as a tea for sore throat
Limited-Time Offer: $29.99
Save NOW :$10.00
CHINESE DATE 73789


Record hour, Not another podcast on your itunes list. But an hour of full of electro house music mixed by best artist around the world. The big hour of the week where you will get an opportunity to hear best music by indian as well as international artist. So never forget to tune in for same great entertainment and best knowledge about music. Here Music. Spread Music, Love Music, Live Music because thats what RECORD HOUR is all about. So take the volume at its maximum and lets the music do the talking and explain its meaning to all.


The art gallery Kling og Bang has opened a new gallery space at the Hlemmur bus station.
In a statement to the press, organisers say the exhibition area is open to artists to show their work and bears the name "Kling og Bang útibú – Public Art Center".
The first exhibition being shown in the space is from Ragnar Már Nikulásson, who is introducing the first part of his piece "Falinn-Gone" (a play on the Icelandic word falinn, meaning hidden, with the English "gone", and the spiritual discipline Falun Gong, which has been the subject of much-publicised political persecution in China). The show will start on Monday and will continuously change over the course of the time it is being exhibited.
More artists will be called upon to exhibit their works at Hlemmur for bus station employees, passengers, and general passers-by to enjoy.
For more information, the curious are encouraged to visit the gallery's Facebook page.


The new generation LC8c in-line twin-engine with 95 hp (70 kW) – combined with modern electronics and a 6-speed sequential gearbox – ticks all the boxes for a travel enduro motorcycle that can be ridden up to 400 km between fuel stops on the open road. Smooth long-distance travel is assured thanks to two balancer shafts, which keep vibration to a minimum, and, with long service intervals of 15, 000 km, you can ride for days on end without a worry.
KTM's ride-by-wire system electronically translates the throttle commands of the rider into optimum throttle valve positions for the specific riding…KTM's ride-by-wire system electronically translates the throttle commands of the rider into optimum throttle valve positions for the specific riding situation.
Forged pistons with three piston rings connected by a plain conrod bearing, combine with a DLC coated piston pin for reduced piston weight and thus less reciprocating mass. This results in a faster revving engine and allows for a lighter crankshaft, with reduced rotating masses and improved handling.
The 6-speed sequential gearbox's stacked configuration reduces engine length, which enables it to be more compact. Gear shifting is very smooth, and by using the optional Quickshifter+ clutchless up and downshifts can be performed effortlessly.
A redesigned stainless-steel exhaust system utilizes a mid-exhaust sound damper to centralize mass, which allows for a relatively small muffler, thereby maximizing the exhaust system's ground clearance. The sound – ready for adventure!
The nicasil-coated aluminum cylinders are an integral part of the sleeveless engine casing. The open deck cylinder construction allows for optimal cooling, improved production tolerances, and reduces the potential for cylinder warpage during production.
A forged one-piece crankshaft is held firmly in place by plain bearings with a 75-degree offset. The 435-degree firing order produces a sound similar to that of the larger LC8 engine, which makes the KTM 790 ADVENTURE feel like one of its V-twin adventure brothers when cracking the throttle open.
The horizontally split crankcases are an aluminum high-pressure cast. This allows for reduced wall thickness for weight savings, and optimized surfaces, which allowed the engine designers more freedom in their design. The open-deck cylinders are integrated into the crankcase.
In the heat of the moment, it's important the LC8c engine keeps its cool to ensure its advanced power and performance are maintained. Thanks to the KTM 790 ADVENTURE's design and advanced cooling technology, exploring for hours on end in hot conditions is possible.
High quality pistons are connected to the crankshaft by a forged and cracked conrod, which is carried by plain bearings.
When punching out those big long days in the saddle – on the tarmac linking up offroad sections – engine vibrations are kept to a minimum thanks to two balancer shafts, one in front of the crankshaft and the other in the cylinder head between the two camshafts.
The KTM 790 ADVENTURE is a versatile motorcycle that's ready to explore further in any conditions. It's well balanced and purposeful, with sporty handling on the tarmac, and inspires confidence inspiring offroad. The advanced tubular CroMo steel frame and lightweight steel trellis subframe are engineered to be compact, but durable, to handle a full load on longer rides. A steering damper aids stability, while the heavy-duty spoked 21-inch front and 18-inch rear wheels are specifically developed for offroad riding performance.
The spoked 21-inch front and 18-inch rear wheels are specifically developed for KTM ADVENTURE riding – heavy-duty, lightweight and long-lasting. They are fitted with Avon Trailrider tires to maximize long-distance performance, both on the road and off it.
The alloy lightweight triple clamps are strong and stiff for stability, with the right amount of flex to allow the rider to still feel what the chassis is doing. They also offer a good range of adjustability for handlebar positioning.
The signature die-cast, open-lattice swingarm is precisely manufactured and has been optimized for stiffness and stability while still offering excellent flex characteristics. By using a direct link for the rear shock, complexity and parts are reduced. The relatively long swingarm aids in traction, stability and suspension setup.
When fully loaded for adventure, the bike underneath you need to be built to last. The steel trellis subframe was developed to be compact, lightweight and also strong enough to carry a passenger and luggage under the hard conditions that can be expected when adventure riding.
To aid stability, a steering damper is fitted for those times when you're pushing hard on the tarmac or powering across rough surfaces en route to your destination.
The WP APEX shock absorber has 200 mm of suspension travel, adjustable preload, and is set up for traveling long distances in tough conditions. Balancing typical KTM performance riding with all-day riding comfort.
The APEX 43 mm open cartridge upside-down fork from WP is set up for adventure riding and two-up touring – smooth streets to rough roads. Split function technology separates the compression and rebound damping between the two fork legs, while suspension travel is a generous 200 mm for the times you really need it.
The KTM 790 ADVENTURE has a high windshield for maximum wind protection on long rides when chewing up kilometers at high speeds on the open road. The lower 790 ADVENTURE R windshield can be used on the 790 ADVENTURE.
The height adjustable two-part seat offers comfort for long rides. The rider seat is narrow in the front to provide easy access to the ground. Relatively firm seat foam ensures that the rider stays comfortable even when riding all day long, and the seat cover provides a mix between grip and ease of movement.
An aluminum-tapered handlebar allows maximum control while offering a comfortable riding position. The handlebar can be mounted in six different positions, which results in 30 mm of adjustment range allowing for a personal fit.
Whether it's all-day riding while standing or sitting, the KTM 790 ADVENTURE's strong footpegs have been developed for superior ergonomics and to accommodate street or off-road boots in a wide range of conditions. The footrests have rubber inserts, which can be removed.
LED lights are used on the KTM 790 ADVENTURE as the main headlight, taillight and indicators. LED lights offer great illumination and visibility. They are compact, so they help reduce the overall volume of the motorcycle.
Ride modes allow the rider to adapt the behavior and feel of the engine, while KTM's lean angle sensitive traction control system (MTC – Motorcycle Traction Control), reduces wheel spin based on the chosen mode or riding situation. KTM's cornering ABS system allows riders to use the full power of their brakes while taking the lean angle of the motorcycle into account. It has an advanced offroad mode that can also be turned off.
With the KTM MY RIDE system, a smartphone can be connected to the bike, which gives the rider the option of receiving phone calls, listening to music, and, using the optional app for navigation (further information available on www.ktm.com/my-ride).
KTM's cornering ABS system allows riders to always use the full power of their brakes while the system adjusts brake pressure to match the lean angle of the motorcycle, for safer and more predictable braking across a wider range of conditions and scenarios. It can be turned off for offroad conditions.
On an adventure ride, storage space is essential. Tools, camping gear, food – KTM offers a solution for all circumstances. You can choose from a lightweight, lockable aluminum touring case set (two sizes), or waterproof soft sidebags when low weight and flexibility are needed. There's also a quick-lock tank bag for daily essentials and waterproof universal luggage for additional cargo capacity.


text:
Brickwork facade modelled on "abstract menorah" fronts Jewish community centre by Natoma Architects
John Trujillo | 18 May 2017 2 comments
Stanley Saitowitz's firm Natoma Architects has created a Hillel House for Philadelphia's Drexel University, with a red brick facade designed to reference the branched lampstands used in Jewish homes and temples, as well as the striated garments worn during prayer.
The Center for Jewish Life – also referred to as a Hillel House – is located on Drexel University's campus across the Schuylkill River from Downtown Philadelphia.
Taking cues from the city's architectural heritage, San Francisco-based Natoma Architects clad the building in locally sourced brick.
"Brick is a vernacular material used extensively in Philadelphia, and especially fine examples of elaborate brickwork surround the site in the Powelton neighbourhood," Saitowitz told Dezeen.
"A few blocks away is a red brick Frank Furness Bank building, Kahn's Richards Medical Building, and a Venturi building on Drexel campus - architectural precedents for this project, which all use brick," he added.
The architects based the building's facade on the vertical branches of a menorah candelabrum. It features stripes of brickwork with a patterned relief and glazing that vary in width like a barcode.
The coarse appearance of the protruding blocks is meant to evoke a tallit, the prayer garment used in Jewish communities.
"Drexel University's Hillel House is sheathed in local red brick as textured fabric draped in an abstract menorah that terraces down to the street," said the firm.
Built to provide support for the Jewish community at Drexler University, the facility provides various services across the different storeys.
The architects designated the ground level as the "everyday life floor", which accommodates a fireside lounge and a large dining hall that opens onto a rear garden.
On the floor above, a series of meeting rooms wrap around an open staircase that rises from the centre of the floor below.
The stairs also function as an "amphitheatre and an auditorium, with a balcony overlooking it from above".
Much like the facade, the architects aimed to underscore the importance of the space through references to the tallit. Gaps between the red oak siding along the staircase's walls form a linear pattern similar to the striated garment.
"The multilevel courtyard is a multipurpose space at the heart of the building, the pivot of everything," the architects said.
A library and worship spaces occupy the topmost level. The rooms encircle a square terrace with a circular skylight.
The architects intended the outdoor space to serve as a reminder of a shared heritage and to encourage unity among the different branches of the Jewish faith.
"The three contemporary branches of worship – Orthodox, Conservative and Reform – each with their own rooms on the top floor, are connected and united by this space," said Saitowitz. "It's a memory of the original synagogue form of a simple square with a dome – here, the dome of the sky."
Several other Jewish community centres feature forms based on cultural references. Examples include a building inserted into the old Jewish quarter of a Portuguese city, and a facility in Germany by Manuel Herz Architects clad in glazed, green ceramic tiles.
Jewish cultural centre with an acutely angled corner by Gonçalo Byrne Arquitectos
Stanley Saitowitz
More images and plans
Section plan
An image showing how the nine-branched menorah and the tallit prayer shawl informed the building's ornamentation.
More community centres
Waterfrom Design builds tea house with a basement hidden ...
Snøhetta and WERK Arkitekter model Lanternen maritime centre ...
RDHA turns riverfront building into "Canada's first bookless ...
Timber trusses support undulating roof of Italian convention ...
Naidi Community Hall by Caukin Studio serves as a social hub ...
Urko Sanchez Architects builds miniature walled city for orphans
Iconico Studio elevates Moncayo Club House in Mexico City ...
RCKa converts former church hall into colourful community centre
Top architecture stories


text:
Carahsoft is honored to be recognized for our outstanding performance by the industry, trade press and, most importantly, our partners.
/var/www/html/packages/carahsoft_award/blocks/awards_list/view.php:28:null
Carahsoft Earns 2020 CRN Internet of Things Innovator Award
Red Hat Recognizes Carahsoft as North America Public Sector Training Distributor of the Year
BlackBerry Names Carahsoft Top Distributor Partner of the Year for 2020
Company Recognized for Outstanding Training Performance for the 5th Year
RESTON, Va. — December 22, 2020 — Carahsoft Technology Corp., The Trusted Government IT Solutions Provider®, today announced that it has been named North America Public Sector Training Distributor of the Year by Red Hat, the world's leading provider of enterprise open source solutions. This award recognizes Carahsoft for its best-in-class support for Red Hat's strategic training programs to empower public sector end users and drive additional value for their organizations.
"We are honored to be recognized as Red Hat's Public Sector Training Distributor for 2020," said Natalie Gregory, Vice President of Sales managing the Red Hat practice at Carahsoft. "Our collaboration with Red Hat has expanded and evolved as the Carahsoft team works to provide unparalleled support in our marketing and sales of Red Hat Training and Certification to the public sector and our reseller partner community. Both the Carahsoft and Red Hat teams share a mutual goal of ensuring that our customers are able to maximize their return on investment in Red Hat's industry-leading enterprise open source solutions through comprehensive training and certification programs."
Carahsoft began working with Red Hat in 2005 and has consistently been a significant contributor to the increased adoption of Red Hat Training and Certification in the public sector. Carahsoft is dedicated to the success of the Red Hat business, displaying effective execution of marketing activities to help drive attendance for virtual training and exams. In recent years, Carahsoft has also acted as a champion for Red Hat solutions, propelling the certification and adoption of Red Hat's technology amongst valued system integrator partners.
"Carahsoft has demonstrated a firm commitment to Red Hat's growth in training," said Michael Byrd, Vice President, Public Sector Channel Sales, Red Hat. "This past year, the Carahsoft team has helped onboard several new colleges and universities to Red Hat Academy and helped spread awareness around the benefits of open source technology. We value our longstanding collaboration with Carahsoft and are pleased to recognize the company's outstanding efforts with this award."
In addition to the Public Sector Training Distributor of the Year award, Carahsoft was recognized earlier this year as Public Sector Distribution Partner of the Year for 2020 as part of the annual Red Hat North America Partner Awards. Since its founding in 2004, Carahsoft has provided the public sector with cutting edge IT solutions from hundreds of technology vendors, prime contractors, system integrators, value-added resellers and channel partners.
Carahsoft Technology Corp. is The Trusted Government IT Solutions Provider®. As a top-performing GSA Schedule, SEWP and ITES-SW2 contract holder, Carahsoft serves as the Master Government Aggregator® for many of its best-of-breed technology vendors, supporting an extensive ecosystem of manufacturers, value-added resellers, system integrators and consulting partners committed to helping government agencies select and implement the best solution at the best possible value.
The company's dedicated Solutions Divisions proactively market, sell and deliver Red Hat, VMware, AWS, Microsoft, Palo Alto Networks, Symantec, Veritas, McAfee, Dell, Adobe, F5 Networks, Google Cloud, ServiceNow, Open Source, Micro Focus Government Solutions, SAP, Salesforce, and Innovative and Intelligence products and services, among others. Carahsoft is consistently recognized by its partners as a top revenue producer and is listed annually among the industry's fastest growing and largest firms by CRN, Inc., Forbes, Washington Technology, The Washington Post, Washington Business Journal, and Bloomberg Government. Visit us at www.carahsoft.com or follow us on Twitter and Facebook.
Mary Lange
pr@carahsoft.com
Red Hat and the Red Hat logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and other countries.
View source version on Globe Newswire


Calcium and vitamin D are the most important nutrients for bone health.
Osteoporosis occurs when the bone density decreases. As the bones become weak, there is a higher risk of a fracture during a fall or even after a minor knock. However, your diet can help in keeping bones healthy. Calcium and vitamin D are the most important nutrients for bone health. Calcium is a mineral that is essential to for certain body's functions and is stored in your bones. On the other hand, your body needs vitamin D to absorb calcium. Deficiency of calcium can lead to fragile and brittle bones which are more prone to fractures and osteoporosis. Some other nutrients vital for bone health are vitamin K, vitamin C, magnesium and phosphorus.
Osteoporosis occurs when the bone density decreases.
However, when we talk of calcium the first common food that comes to our mind is milk. But there are many other foods that are an excellent source of calcium, and many do not contain dairy. Therefore, people who are lactose intolerant and vegans can include other sources of calcium as well to increase bone density.
Apart from proteins eggs contain significant amounts of calcium necessary for strong bones. Whole eggs also have some amount of vitamin D which can improve bone health. Therefore, eggs become a perfect option to be included in your diet.
A dairy product, most cheeses are excellent sources of calcium. Specially, Parmesan cheese is rich in calcium. However, cheese is also high in fat, sodium and calories. Therefore, moderation is the key even when you consume this.
Another dairy product, but an excellent source of calcium is yoghurt. Yogurt is also rich in probiotic bacteria, which offers numerous health benefits. Low-fat yogurt has even higher amounts of calcium. Greek yogurt is comparatively thick and has more protein than the regular one but it delivers less calcium than regular yogurt.
Legumes like beans, chickpeas and lentils are high in fiber, protein and micronutrients. They are also rich in other essential vitamins and minerals like iron, zinc, folate, magnesium and potassium. Some lentils also have decent amounts of calcium which is essential for a osteoporosis diet.
Healthy seeds like chia seeds contains boron, which promotes the health of bones and muscles. It helps the body to metabolize calcium, phosphorous and magnesium. You can add chia seeds to your smoothies or mix them into oatmeal or yogurt.
Often used as an alternative to cottage cheese tofu tends to be an excellent source of calcium. Tofu is naturally gluten-free and contains no cholesterol. An excellent source of protein and great for bone health you can add it into your salads, sandwiches or wraps.
Often used as an alternative to cottage cheese tofu tends to be an excellent source of calcium.
Think green when you want to add a nutritional boost to your plate. Leafy green vegetables like kale spinach, collard greens and mustard greens provide you plenty of calcium. They can also be called as superfoods when it comes to nutrients as they are low in calories and high in fiber.
One large sweet potato contains 68 mg of calcium. It is also rich in potassium and essential vitamins A and C. Vitamin A is an important antioxidant that may be helpful for good eyesight and cancer prevention. Sweet potatoes are also naturally low in fat and calories.


SpecificityNo significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human CT2 and analogues was observed.
Intended UseHuman CT2 ELISA Kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of CT2 , concentrations in serum, Plasma , tissue homogenates and Cell culture supernates and Other biological fluids.
specificalBackground: This Quantitative Sandwich ELISA kit is only for in vitro research use only, not for drug, household, therapeutic or diagnostic applications! It is intended to be determinated CT2 concentrations in Human serum, plasma and other body fluids. Using Purified Human CT2 antibody to coat Microelisa Stripplate wells to make solid-phase antibody, then add CT2 and CT2 antibody which has been labeled with HRP to wells, then the reactants become antibody-antigen-antibody-enzyme complex, after washing completely, add TMB substrate solution, TMB substrate becomes blue color under HRP enzyme-catalyzed, reaction is terminated by the addition of a sulphuric acid solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm. The concentration of CT2 in the samples is then determined by comparing the O.D. of the samples to the standard curve.
Inquiry About Human CT2 ELISA Kit If you hope to order it or contact us directly, please contact us via sales@biobool.com. We will get back to you in 12hrs,Thanks!


Hi everyone, Shawnee here. This month's challenge for Design Team was about Butterflies. For my card, I made a card using Butterflies from the Cricut Explore Design Space.
My card is an A2 size card. I used Die Cuts with a View Playtime Paper for the background. The bicycle is from the Heritage Cricut Cartridge. The sentiment is from CardzTV Stamps Snail Mail.
I hope you enjoyed this fun and easy card. I love the background paper and butterflies. Stay tuned as more of my DT sisters will be sharing fun Butterfly cards to inspire you!!
As for crafting I like card making, making mini albums, doing altered items, home decor and many other things. I hope you all enjoy my creations and find inspiration.
For my first project I made a card using wonderful fall colors, the them this month is Butterflies but I added a tree too. The little butterfly was from a facebook friend that I did a butterfly swap with this summer. She made several butterflies and then I made some for her. I thought this little yellow one was perfect for today's card. Hope you like my card. I wanted something simple but soft.
First I stamped my sentiment then used versa mark for the tree image then used copper embossing powder on the tree image. After that I used my TH distress inks over the images. Distressed the edges of the stamped images. Dry embossed the card base.
Thank you for stopping by today. Hope you found inspiration from my card if you are working on Thanksgiving cards or projects.
Today I'm going to share a card I created for this months card challenge. Theme: Butterflies.
What I love most about butterflies is their unique patterns and colors on their wings.
Take a look, notice how the wings are popped up, they add dimension and create a sense of movement.
For an added touch I used spiral clips and unwound them to create antennas for the butterfly.
I was inspired by the recent tag I created from Tim Holtz blog. The techniques used on this tag and my card are really cool and a lot of fun to play with. Find out how I created my card here.
So I got the Silhouette Curio and it took me a bit to figure it out (I'll be honest it wasn't on my happy list) but I got it figured out enough to make a card & some baby stickers!!
Has anyone else gotten the curio? Have you had any issues with figuring it out? I'm willing to keep playing though!!!!


Liv combines deeply relaxing massage with acupuncture.
The massage begins with techniques to calm the mind and reduce stress hormones. The focus moves to problem areas such as lower back, hips, thighs and swollen feet to ease muscle tension; the degree of pressure is dictated by you.
Gentle swedish techniques are used to encourage lymph and blood flow and make you feel totally "zen".
Depending on the sensitivity of your olfactory senses, Liv uses pre-bended oils by the Therapie range which include patchouli to moisturise, grapefruit, ylang ylang and tangerine to tonify. This blend has been specifically designed with pregnancy patients in mind.
Acupuncture is a safe, gentle yet effective way to reduce many of the issues that arise with pregnancy; morning sickness, sciatica, high blood pressure and the "baby blues".


Burn or mount the image. With Need For Speed Undercover Keygen you can Get a cd-key which you can activate Need For Speed Undercover. Copy the serial number and paste it to the game install 4. Click the link below to Download. Need For Speed Undercover Key generator also has automatic updates so that we will always have a fresh and active cheats. Take on jobs and compete in races to prove yourself as you infiltrate and take down an international crime syndicate. Need For Speed Undercover Serial Key Download Code Crack key generator Full Game Torrent skidrow Origin Key and Steam Online Code Avaiable.
Enjoy of our Need for speed undercover keygen. This cd key you get from us is unique. Simplifying your search query should return more download results. La prima è di carattere meramente estetico: Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit è un progetto già maturo, in grado di stupire dalla prima presentazione per il livello di dettaglio e la fluidità del motore di gioco. How to get Need For Speed Undercover? This release was created for you, eager to use Need for Speed - Undercover full and with without limitations. We hope your game is working 100% fine because it is our first priority to upload only working and tested games. I poliziotti invece avranno poteri con i quali ostacolare gli avversari, facendo apparire di fronte al malcapitato posti di blocco o spuntoni per squarciare gli pneumatici.
It will take all of your experience—and every ounce of skill—to outrun the law, take down the enemy, and unlock the truth that puts an end to this chase once and for all. As usual, the players obtain a monolithic list of accredited cars which tin follow limited both visually, and in terms of their performance. Need for Speed: Undercover Keygen Rating 6. Need For Speed Undercover Serial Key Cd Key Free Download Crack Full Game Need For Speed Undercover Serial Cd Key Generator License Activator Product Origin Keys Full Game Download Free. To improve search results for Cd Key Need For Speed Undercover 2 try to exclude using words such as: serial, code, keygen, hacked, patch, warez, etc.
Need for Speed: Undercover Download Game Size: 4. Immaginate di aver coronato il vostro desiderio, dopo anni di fatica avete finalmente. A keygen is made available by crack groups free to download. Inserite la prima, partite e dopo due metri. Darkc0der no cd : v1. The only Need For Speed Undercover code generator that works.
Sharing is caring and that is the only way to keep our scene, our community alive. You can download Need For Speed Undercover Serial Key. This game returns to police chase during the earlier games, having big-budget productions, flashy graphics and cinematic-cut scene that make this game look-liked the enticing prospect. All you need is web access and you generate the working serial code online. After pressing generate key an activation code will appear for you, to activate the game. We test every single game before uploading but but if you encountered some error like Runtime Errors or Missing dll files or others errors during installation than you must need read this to fix it. It will take all of your experience, and every ounce of skill, to outrun the law, take down the enemy, and unlock the truth that puts an end to this chase once and for all.
Need for speed undercover keygen tester results are good on lower versions of windows as well. At some stage or another you may find yourself in possession of a broken model train. Click on generate button and wait for the keygen to generate the serial number 3. Una sessione nei panni dei poliziotti ed una in quelli del corridore ci hanno permesso di sperimentare entrambe le facce del gameplay messo in piedi da Criterion e di fare le prime considerazioni sul gioco. Needless to say, that fleet of police cruisers in your rearview mirror won't make things any easier. Get the Need For Speed Undercover Generator! Questa filosofia di gioco è riscontrabile nello stile e nel coinvolgimento con il quale i ragazzi di Criterion parlano del loro lavoro, disegnando schemi e diagrammi sulla parete e sul tavolo della sala riunioni, evidentemente concepita per questo scopo, o quando raccontano della felicità che hanno provato per tanti mesi a dover provare e studiare fuoriserie reali, per poi inserirle in Hot Pursuit.
Need For Speed Undercover Cd key generator updated latest working tool online. Our intentions are not to harm Need software company but to give the possibility to those who can not pay for any piece of software out there. Misi pada game ini adalah sahabat haramain software didorong oleh sebuah kisah yang mengirimkan karakter dalam pemain menjadi sindikat kejahatan bawah tanah dengan menggunakan keterampilan mengemudi untuk mendapatkan kepercayaan dan menjadi raja jalanan di Try City Bay. You should consider to submit your own serial numbers or share other files with the community just as someone else helped you with Need for Speed - Undercover serial number. Ebbene si, perché le tanto celebri Hot Pursuit si sviluppano attorno alla capacità dei due giocatori di mettersi il bastone tra le ruote per tentare di sfuggire al lungo braccio della legge o, a parti invertite, di catturare i fuggitivi.
Negli anni molteplici episodi si sono avvicendati su praticamente tutte le generazioni di console e Pc apparse sul mercato, modificando di volta in volta lo stile ed il focus del prodotto, passando senza soluzione di continuità da giochi basati sul tuning a simulazioni vere e proprie, mantenendo intatto il fascino e soprattutto il successo del brand. Per i tempi era un titolo eccezionale, con un comparto tecnico fuori parametro, che portava su schermo velocissime macchine reali impegnate in frenetiche corse tra il traffico urbano. Pada game Need for speed kita akan melakukan banyak balapan liar yang dimana terdapat tantangan juga yaitu kejar-kejaran denga polisi. Oleh karena itu pada game Need For Speed Undercover jangan sampai tertangkap oleh polisi agar game bisa diselesaikan. Install the game using the keygen found in the crack folder.


This CD from 2014 has been one of the biggest and most consistent selling recordings in live comedy concerts. While it features mostly comedy material, the musicianship and songwriting can not be overlooked. Upon it's release, a live sold out concert was held in Atlanta, Ga. (some clips can be viewed on youtube) which propelled the sales on this recording. It's a favorite of longtime fans because of it's humor and pointed satire along with some really cool songs. All autograph request will be honored.


Something sure is going very wrong whit this experiment. But poor anixelle dont seems to manage to stop the machine before it starting to brainwash this two furry. And mental regress this two furrys mind back to the baby stage.
Someone sure going to have two big babys to taking care of soon.
Jenny (left) and Cindy (right) were given some very basic lessons in how to properly use a potty. All hope of them ever getting out of diapers vanished faster than their wetness indicator lines.
Yes it sure seems like they fail there potty training big time and there diaper dont seems to manage to keep up whit there wetting. Poor thing they really seems to need to have there diaper changed. They sure is wearing to stinky weary messy diapers.


text:
Survivor of Attack Leads Nuclear Effort in Iran
DAVID E. SANGER and WILLIAM J. BROAD
WASHINGTON — Eight months after he narrowly survived an assassination attempt on the streets of Tehran, Fereydoon Abbasi, the nuclear physicist whom Iran's mullahs have put in charge of the country's Atomic Energy Organization, is presiding over what intelligence officials in several countries describe as an unexpected quickening of Iran's production of nuclear material.
The selection of Dr. Abbasi earlier this year was itself a clear message to the West. As a university scientist, he was barred from traveling outside Iran by the United Nations Security Council because of evidence that his main focus was on how to build nuclear weapons, rather than power plants. But in recent weeks he has publicly declared that his country is preparing to triple its production of a type of nuclear fuel that moves it far closer to the ability to produce bomb-grade material in a hurry.
Filtering out the hyperbole surrounding recent proclamations about Iran's tangible progress is always difficult, especially at a time when the country is determined to show that neither the Stuxnet computer worm, which crippled part of its nuclear infrastructure last year, nor Western sanctions have proved to be more than modest setbacks. Dr. Abbasi himself is rarely seen or heard outside of Iran.
But international nuclear inspectors and American officials say that all the evidence points to the imminent installation of centrifuges at an underground nuclear plant on a military base near the city of Qum. Iran revealed the existence of the plant in 2009, after learning that the United States and European powers were about to announce that they had discovered the complex, deep inside the Iranian base.
What concerns inspectors and European and American officials is Iran's announced effort to increase production of uranium enriched to nearly 20 percent purity. Iran insists that it needs that fuel for a medical research reactor. But last week William Hague, the British foreign minister, dismissed that assertion as a cover story.
"When enough 20 percent enriched uranium is accumulated at the underground facility at Qum," Mr. Hague said in the British newspaper The Guardian, "it would take only two or three months of additional work to convert this into weapons-grade material."
Outside analysts note that during Dr. Abbasi's brief tenure in his new job, Iran's top leaders have focused on showing that they have overcome multiple setbacks, inflicted by what they suspect to have been covert actions by the United States and Israel, and broad economic sanctions.
"The evidence is there that they are accelerating," said Mark Fitzpatrick, an Iran expert and the director of the nonproliferation and disarmament program at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. "They have increased the production of uranium, they have increased the number of centrifuges they have spinning, they are putting in a larger number of second-generation centrifuges."
Senior Obama administration officials with access to the intelligence say they concur with that assessment, but they do not sound alarmed. They argue that Iran's continued reliance on an older, unreliable centrifuge model shows that it is having trouble making the leap to more sophisticated and efficient models. "They've talked about moving up the line for years, before Abbasi got the job," said one senior official.
The White House's silence is notable because President Obama built much of his Middle East policy, before the recent Arab uprisings, on organizing other countries in the region to halt Iran's nuclear progress. The administration commented on the most recent Iranian announcements only when asked.
"Iran is prohibited from installing or operating any centrifuges as a result of the U.N. sanctions that have been imposed upon it," Tommy Vietor, the spokesman for the National Security Council, said when asked about Mr. Abbasi's recent announcements. "Provocative behavior of this sort reinforces the need for countries to implement fully their international sanctions obligations with respect to Iran."
Diplomats say that Dr. Abbasi's approach to nuclear diplomacy is a stark contrast with that of his predecessor at the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Ali Akbar Salehi. Mr. Salehi, a graduate of M.I.T. with a degree in nuclear engineering, is a polished diplomat who speaks fluent English and handles the news media with ease.
Dr. Abbasi is "not as skillful — or as comfortable," said a diplomat in Vienna who recently saw him in action when he visited Austria for a nuclear safety conference. "He's very stiff with the press." Since Dr. Abbasi has become one of the country's top government officials, he has received periodic exemptions from the United Nations travel ban.
According to Mashreghnews, an Iranian news Web site, Dr. Abbasi holds a doctorate in nuclear physics and has been a member of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps since Iran was founded in 1979. The Revolutionary Guards run the country's nuclear weapons research effort and for years has deflected demands from inspectors for details about what are suspected of being experiments that would suggest work on a weapon.
In March 2007, the Security Council put Dr. Abbasi on its sanctions list because of allegations that he had ties to the Iranian nuclear effort, which poses a diplomatic problem: the man insisting that Iran's effort is entirely peaceful is suspected of working on elements of weapons experimentation.
The United Nations described Dr. Abbasi as a senior scientist in the Ministry of Defense who was "working closely" with Mohsen Fakhrizadeh — an officer in the Revolutionary Guards considered by Western intelligence to be a leader in Tehran's effort to acquire nuclear arms.
Mr. Fakhrizadeh has not been seen in public in years. Dr. Abbasi's experience may explain why: driving to work on Nov. 29, 2010, Dr. Abbasi saw a motorcyclist plant a bomb on the door of his car. He escaped, pulling his wife with him, seconds before it detonated. A separate attack that day killed one of his colleagues. Iran variously blamed the Mossad and the United States.
As the leader of Iran's effort to enrich uranium, Dr. Abbasi has overseen the stabilization of the plant at Natanz, in the desert. And, at a hollowed-out mountain near Qum, he is spearheading the expansion of Iran's enrichment program into underground halls.
Diplomats said the mountain site, known as Fordow, was about to receive its first centrifuges — machines that spin fast to purify uranium. In June, Dr. Abbasi announced that Iran would triple production of its most concentrated form of uranium and shift some production to Fordow from Natanz.
"It's a real policy escalation to triple the production," the Viennese diplomat noted. "It's provocative."


text:
← US Special Forces on the ground in Syria: US-backed advance on Raqqah ISIS stronghold. What is going on?
Former Congressman Dennis Kucinich says intelligence community schemed against Michael Flynn to undermine U.S.-Russia relations →
U.S. used toxic depleted uranium in Syria
From RT
A-10 Thunderbolt II. © SRA Greg L. Davis, USAF / Wikipedia
More than 5,000 rounds of depleted uranium (DU) ammunition were used in two attacks on Islamic State oil tankers in eastern Syria, the US military has confirmed. The US-led coalition previously pledged it would not use the controversial ordnance.
A spokesman for the US Central Command (CENTCOM) told Foreign Policy that 5,265 armor-piercing DU rounds were used in November 2015, during two air raids against Islamic State (IS, formerly ISIS/ISIL) oil tanker convoys in the Deir ez-Zor and Hasakah provinces in eastern Syria.
A-10 ground attack aircraft fired the projectiles from their 30mm rotating cannons, destroying about 350 tanker trucks, according to CENTCOM spokesman Major Josh Jacques.
✔@starsandstripes
Officials confirm the US used depleted uranium weapons on the battlefield in Iraq and Syria: http://www.stripes.com/news/middle-east/the-united-states-used-depleted-uranium-in-syria-1.453925 …
7:49 AM – 14 Feb 2017
The United States used depleted uranium in Syria
Officials have confirmed that the U.S. military, despite vowing not to use depleted uranium weapons on the battlefield in Iraq and Syria, fired thousands of rounds of the such munitions during two…
stripes.com
In March 2015, spokesman for the US-led coalition John Moore had explicitly ruled out the use of the controversial ammunition, saying that "US and coalition aircraft have not been and will not be using depleted uranium munitions in Iraq or Syria during Operation Inherent Resolve." The Pentagon explained that armor-piercing DU rounds were not necessary because IS did not have the tanks it was designed to penetrate.
Investigative reporter Samuel Oakford first brought up the use of DU ammunition by the coalition in October 2016, when a US Air Force congressional liaison told Representative Martha McSally (R-Arizona) that A-10s flying missions over Syria had fired 6,479 rounds of "combat mix" on two occasions. The officer explained that a fifth of the "combat mix" consisted of high-explosive incendiary (HEI) rounds, while the rest were DU armor-piercers. [in other words, 4/5 DU]
The first attack took place on November 16, near Al-Bukamal in the Deir ez-Zor province, with four US planes destroying 46 vehicles. The strike took place entirely in Syrian territory. According to CENTCOM, 1,790 rounds of "combat mix" were used during the strike, including 1,490 rounds of DU.
<iframe width="631″ height="480″ src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZQkG-RWxFfY” frameborder="0″ allowfullscreen><!–iframe>
The second attack, on November 22, destroyed 293 oil tankers in the desert between Deir ez-Zor and Hasakah. On this occasion, the four A-10s fired 4,530 rounds – of which 3,775 were DU armor-piercers.
"The combination of Armored Piercing Incendiary (DU) rounds mixed with HEI rounds was used to ensure a higher probability of destruction of the truck fleet ISIS was using to transport its illicit oil," Major Jacques told RT.
Depleted uranium is prized by the US military for exceptional toughness, which enables it to pierce heavy tank armor. However, airborne DU particles can contaminate nearby ground and water and pose a significant risk of toxicity, birth defects and cancer when inhaled or ingested by humans or animals.
The coalition's promise not to use DU munitions in Iraq was made after an estimated one million rounds were used during the 1991 Gulf War and the 2003 invasion. Between Iraq and the Balkans, where they were also used in the 1990s, DU rounds have been blamed on a massive increase in cancer and birth defects.
ICBUW @ICBUW
These DU contaminated locations in #Syria pose a risk to civilian health and must be isolated and addressed as soon as conditions allow. https://twitter.com/airwars/status/831506092454723584 …
DU is also the prime suspect in the medical condition dubbed the "Gulf War Syndrome" afflicting US veterans of the 1991 conflict and some peacekeepers deployed in the Balkans.
[Editor: Actually, this isn't true. Biological weapons such as Mycoplasma fermentans incognitus are the primary suspect, a U.S.-patented genetically modified microorganism. Researchers Garth and Nancy Nicholson discovered this in a high percentage of Gulf War veterans, as well as in people with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. The VA also found this result. The microorganism is difficult to test for, but has been treatable, including with several courses of the antibiotic doxycycline. Unfortunately, veterans and others are not told and are not treated. Mycoplasma infections can be very serious, are transmissible, and can lead to death.
"Both Mycoplasma and Borrelia have been manipulated for
biological weapons purposes and as a result,
both are politically incorrect to discuss, work on, or do anything about. Until this changes, we won't see any real progress."
— Dr. Garth Nicholson
http://www.immed.org/infectious%20disease%20reports/infectdiseasereport06.11.09update/pha_nicolson_0709_v4.07.pdf
https://www.rt.com/usa/377345-depleted-uranium-isis-syria/
Tagged depleted uranium, DU, Syria