text:
Good Deed for Those In Need
SQL Server expert and Microsoft MVP Arnie Rowland struggled with how to disperse his valuable MSDN Ultimate subscriptions a few years ago. He ended up giving them to people who pledged to code for non-profit organizations.
That worked out well, so this year he launched a program to award the subscriptions--with a retail value of about $12,000--and more goodies to unemployed and underemployed developers who contributed their talents to a non-profit organization.
Other MVPs and organizations have picked up on his initiative and it has snowballed, growing in scope seemingly by the day. Who knows where it will end up?
Here's Arnie's proposition:
We are inviting unemployed or underemployed developers to propose a software project for a non-profit agency, school, or church. The idea is that we will provide a package of the latest software, tools, and training resources to help you improve your skills, get up to date with current technologies, gain practical experience, potentially earn a recommendation for your efforts, and in general, enjoy the feeling of accomplishing something useful for others. We are not giving out a 'free lunch', just supporting your efforts to personally gain from your own 'sweat equity'.
He started out small, with four other MVPs joining him. Also, several companies offered training, books and other software. He planned on selecting one qualifying project each month.
Recently, his blog listed 15 MVPs who have joined him, along with several more companies. The number of projects jumped to two and then three per month.
"I come to you humbled..." Arnie titled a recent post on his "Ramblings of a Harried Technogeek" blog on SQLblog.com. "I didn't anticipate the level of resonance this has received in the development community," he said. Readers have responded with offers of help and the project may well keep growing. Arnie may have to give up his day job.
Project criteria is listed as:
Client is a USA IRS 503(c)3 non-profit, school, or church, OR a Canadian CRA registered charity
Solves a problem or satisfies a need for the client
Client desires the project and is supportive
Uses any combination of .NET 4.0, Windows Server 2008, SQL Server 2008, or Windows Phone 7
May be a new software solution, or an upgrade to an existing software solution.
Developers can submit proposals here.
Non-profits can submit projects here.
His original post is here.
Share your thoughts in the comment section or drop me a line.
Microsoft Tool Eases Management of Cloud Databases
Microsoft yesterday released a rough-around-the-edges CTP of a SQL Azure database management tool code-named "Houston," designed to let Web devs easily create and manipulate data-driven apps in the cloud.
"Project 'Houston' provides a Web-based database management tool for basic database management tasks like authoring and executing queries, designing and editing a database schema and editing table data," said Microsoft's David Robinson in the Azure Team Blog announcing the release.
Users can go to SQL Azure Labs to access the CTP of the Sliverlight-based tool, previewed at PDC09 and updated at MIX in April.
If you do, however, be prepared to deal with the usual hiccups in a Community Technology Preview. Robinson listed 19 "issues" with the CTP, ranging from not being able to reopen the Start page to zoom-related browser display problems.
Other bugs and suggestions have been submitted to the feedback page, including one complaining that the keyboard shortcuts don't behave as they do in SQL Server Management Studio, the tool previously used to manage databases in Microsoft's cloud (though the poster did say, "I understand that it's beta, so won't complain too much").
SQL Azure team member Liam Cavanagh, though, sees Houston as a great improvement over SSMS in regard to Data Sync Management. He said that prior to Houston, if he wanted to work with a customer who wanted to try Data Sync Management, the user had to install SSMS. "Now with Microsoft Project Code-Named 'Houston,' people can go directly to this Web-based management tool and start creating their SQL Azure databases without installing anything," he said in a blog posting.
Cavanagh expounds more on "Extending SQL Server Data to the Cloud using SQL Azure Data Sync" in a video tutorial. Other instructional videos about Houston can be viewed on TechNet.
Cavanagh also lauded the increased performance over SSMS. Because Houston is hosted on the SQL Azure data centers (just one so far), the latency is reduced from that experienced with SSMS, "which in many cases has far greater distance to communicate with my SQL Azure database," he said.
So check it out and let me know what you think. Comment here or drop me a line.
Doing The News Right, And A Cool Dev Tool
Data Driver, the global leader in database-related blogging, serving a constituency of high-quality readers worldwide, and product of 1105 Media Inc., parent company of award-winning publications and Web sites such as Redmond Developer News and Visual Studio Magazine, acknowledged leaders in the Microsoft developer-related media space and universally praised as premier venues for the best tech-related advertisers to reach sophisticated enterprise decision-makers, today announced how not to write a news release.
Sorry, I'm deviating briefly here. I just can't stand it anymore--I'm constantly bombarded with news releases that start out like the above. Don't these guys get it? Who gets past an opening paragraph like that?
Just get to the news, will you? It's not like any self-respecting media outlet is going to use that crap anyway. How can they not notice that that never happens?
What finally brought this to a boil such that I absolutely had to vent is a news release from a company that actually knows how to do it right. It's such a rare gem that it gets some free publicity here (OK, it's also about a newsworthy product that data developers might find interesting).
The company is Alpha Software, and the news release announced Alpha Five Version 10.5. The release (and blog item on the company's site) was titled "What Would the Web Look Like If Everyone Could Build Their Own Web 2.0 Data-Driven Apps?" (instead of, say, "Award-Winning Leader In Web Development Announces Revolutionary New Product"). It's about a tool for do-it-yourself Web devs, though, as the company states, it's for pros, too: "Professional developers will find everything they could wish for in a robust development environment, especially the ability to build Ajax-powered, SQL database-driven Web apps without having to code."
Sounds good to me. You can try it for free and decide for yourselves. Let me know what you think.
Anyway, back to my rant: these guys are different. The release's lead paragraph framed the product in the context of how simplified blogging tools opened up the blogosphere to everyone. The company isn't even mentioned until the fourth paragraph. And the release is chock-full of links pointing to more information--and they go all over the place, not to the company's site.
I checked out other news releases and found one about training classes that actually led with a reference to The Clash's seminal album, London Calling. It links to sites about the band (which happens to be my all-time favorite), the album, Rolling Stone and the list of the top 500 greatest albums. See, you want to click that link and check out the list, don't you? Stuff like that gets your attention.
I really hope these "but-we've-always-done-it-this-way" PR flacks are paying attention. You don't have to be unimaginative, boring, plain-vanilla, run-of-the-mill, mind-bendingly dreary hacks. It's OK to be creative and interesting. Really!
Simplified SQL Server Aimed At Web Devs
Microsoft yesterday introduced WebMatrix, "a new lightweight Web development tool that ... makes it even easier for people to get started with Web development using ASP.NET."
This announcement came in Scott Guthrie's blog, where he previously introduced the three main components of the new beta tool: IIS Developer Express, ASP.NET "Razor" and the new SQL Server Compact Edition, an embedded database.
While it's been around for quite a while, SQL Server CE steps up from Version 3.5 to Version 4, which has been specially designed for Web development, said Guthrie, a vice president in Microsoft's Developer Division. In response to a reader's question about how the new version differs from the old version, Guthrie said: "The biggest improvement is that it now designed and tested to work in a multi-threaded environment. Previous releases of SQL CE only worked in client apps and would corrupt/crash in server environments. SQL CE 4 specifically supports server scenarios." Also he said, Version 4 handles shared hosting and medium trust scenarios and is more compatible with the regular SQL Server, allowing for easier migration to the full-featured database environment.
In the meantime, with SQL Server CE, Web developers don't have to install a database in their projects. You just need to copy its binary files into a specific directory, Guthrie said. Database files are stored on disk, after which SQL Server CE runs in-memory, which allows for much faster data manipulation and is the trend of Microsoft data-intensive products such as the new PowerPivot "self-service" business intelligence tool.
Other features of SQL Server CE 4 include:
Visual Studio 2010 and Visual Web Developer 2010 Express Support
Compatibility with existing .NET Framework-based data APIs
Support of shared Web hosting ("medium trust")
Support of development and production scenarios
In response to dozens of questions from readers, Guthrie indicated future enhancements of SQL Server CE would likely include:
SQL CE for Silverlight clients (and Windows Phone 7)
Support of geographic types
Support for databases larger than the current limit of 4GB
Providers to support ASP.NET membership and profiles
The blogosphere, as usual, supplied plenty of alternative takes on the announcement. One blogger referred to SQL Server CE 4 as "Microsoft's response to SQLite." Another offered up a comparison with Firebird Embedded. Another wondered about the possibility of using SQL Server CE 4 to offload work from a main database.
The WebMatrix public beta is available as a 15MB download (50MB if you need to install .NET 4).
Tool Lets SQL and NoSQL Make Nice in the Cloud
Maybe the traditionally acrimonious SQL and NoSQL camps will end up as one big happy family after all.
A new beta tool from Quest Software lets users mix and match traditional SQL data and non-relational NoSQL data in the cloud.
Toad for Cloud Databases, released in beta, aims "to put NoSQL databases within reach of traditional relational database developers," according to a company spokesman.
CTOEdge.com said Quest seeks "to act as a peacemaker between the emerging NoSQL databases and proponents of traditional SQL database software."
Toad uses a GUI with visual query and data access capabilities to let users "query and report on non-relational data, migrate data in both cloud and relational databases from one to the other, and create queries that combine the two," the company said. It works with Amazon SimpleDB, Microsoft Azure Table services, Apache HBase and ODBC relational databases.
What do you think about SQL vs. NoSQL? Comment here or send me an e-mail.
Security Expert Dan Kaminsky Seeks Source Code Input
"This is a little rough, but I want to get the code out there."
That's how security expert Dan Kaminsky starts out his Install.txt file that accompanies his brand-new security tool, Interpolique, released in a hurry on Monday to fight recent SQL injection attacks such as those that compromised the Web sites of The Wall Street Journal and others.
Interpolique, available for download for examination by experts, was described Monday by DarkReading.com as "a tool for application developers that helps prevent pervasive string injection-type attacks, such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting (XSS)."
DarkReading said the tool is designed to relieve developers from much of the burden of providing security measures in their code. Kaminsky told the site: "Security development tends not to care how inconvenient it is for developers. [This is] about meeting developers halfway."
But don't try using it quite just yet -- DarkReading reported the tool was released for experts to investigate and provide feedback, and not for operational use. Kaminsky is expected to share the feedback at next month's BlackHat USA security conference in Las Vegas.
And you'd better know what you're doing if you want to fool around with Interpolique, produced by the Kaminsky-headed Recursion Ventures. The skimpy install file, which comes with a bunch of C, SQL, PHP and JavaScript files, includes directions like:
Compile the MySQL Base64 UDF with:
gcc -Wall -I/usr/include/mysql -shared lib_mysqludf_str.c -olib_mysqludf_str.so
But if you are an expert, feel free to join the fight and help. Kaminsky himself issued the invitation in the Install file: "Let's figure out what's up," he said.
If you check out the code, let us know what you think. Comment here or send me an e-mail.
Microsoft Shows Off BI "Engine Of The Devil"
Microsoft hinted at some amazing new capabilities coming to its BI products in yesterday's Business Intelligence Conference keynote, including an "engine of the devil" that allows instant analysis of more than 2 billion rows of data.
Microsoft BI engineer Amir Netz joined senior exec Ted Kummert to demo new technology the company is working on to go beyond current capabilities of its recently released PowerPivot "BI for the masses" application. I previously wrote about a demo I attended that showed how easily PowerPivot could handle 44 million rows of data.
Netz had upped the ante Monday at Microsoft's TechEd conference in New Orleans with a 100-million-row example. Yesterday, using a server with more memory than the desktops used before, he seamlessly tackled the 2-billion-row demo with the same storage technology used in PowerPivot. "You know, we talked about wicked fast yesterday," he said. "This is beyond wicked fast; this is the engine of the devil, right?"
The crowd loved it, but Kummert wasn't so sure about the characterization. Microsoft senior leadership probably isn't too keen on branding its products with references to Satan. "You said that, I didn't," Kummert said, before joking about Netz's upcoming performance review.
Netz said the company had received great feedback on PowerPivot, but some BI pros wanted more capabilities and functionality. His demo connected the PowerPivot technology that can be used in Excel to SQL Server Analysis Services for some incredible performance metrics.
He explained the demo: "We have 10 widgets on the screen, six slicers and four charts. And each one of those sends two queries to the data source in order to render itself. So we have about 20 queries being sent. Every one of those queries is a full table-scan of the 2 billion rows. So all together whenever I click, we are scanning 40 billion rows, and it takes about two and a half seconds to do that. So if you just do the math in your head, we are seeing here a scan rate of a trillion rows per minute. That's kind of what we're talking about."
Then he jokingly countered Kummert by saying "Performance review!"
Netz also shows some striking PowerPivot data visualization capabilities that reportedly will be available in the next 30 days.
In another tidbit, Kummert said the company was working on bringing the full capabilities of SQL Server to SQL Azure, its cloud-based "set of relational features oriented toward application development scenarios." That mismatch of features has been a point of contention in the SQL Server community.
"We're hard at work on that now," Kummert said. "I'm not announcing the specific release timeframe for that, but this is something you're going to hear from us shortly in the future."
Check out the video of the keynote and weigh in with your thoughts in the comment section below or send me an e-mail.
Getting Your Tech Questions Answered
While perusing my daily Google Alerts I found this heading:
"Do newer versions of SQL Server support read consistency equivalent to Oracle?"
I was surprised to see this question was asked--and answered quite ably--in LinkedIn.com Answers. I don't use LinkedIn as much as I should (not enough hours in the day), so I was unaware of this service. Of course, there are many like it (including Yahoo! and "expert" services, where answers cost you money), but I was struck by the quality of the answers on LinkedIn.
A database expert named Victor (DBA and developer) provided the "best" answer to that question: "Yes." But the original poster had included a second part to his question:
"I have no experience with SQL Server and have only read in various forums that 'writers block readers and readers block writers.' Is that true? Or is it true just for older versions and not 2008?"
To this, Victor supplied a detailed, well-written explanation full of links for further information. I'm pretty sure you couldn't find a better answer on those pay-as-you-go "expert" services. LinkedIn also provided four or five other answers, some from DBAs, providing information and links to follow for further details (and of course, the mandatory MySQL shill).
I decided to try out LinkedIn Answers and asked a question to get info for an article I'm researching (topic categories, such as "software development," help target your query). I almost immediately got some great stuff.
So I'm sold. I know there are myriad support sites, forums, groups and such all over the Web, but if you haven't tried it, you should think about LinkedIn Answers the next time you need a tech question answered. I don't know where these guys find the time, but there are plenty of experts out there willing to help you out.
What's your experience with LinkedIn Answers? What other sources do you use to get answers to your dev questions? We'd love to share. Comment here or send me an e-mail.
Here Comes The No-NoSQL Movement
There's a new kid on the block: VoltDB, a "next-generation" DBMS released yesterday that's the brainchild of database pioneer and brilliant iconoclast Mike Stonebraker.
Or maybe it should characterized as a new sheriff in town, because this newcomer to the database market has some serious backing, stemming from a joint project by MIT, Brown University, Yale University and HP Labs.
VoltDB is an open-source, in-memory OLTP database system designed to handle serious transaction numbers in gaming, SaaS, financial, online and other high-performance systems.
And guess what? In addition to eschewing more traditional relational models, VoltDB is also spurning the NoSQL movement. It even accommodates SQL. Parent company VoltDB LLC said that "unlike NoSQL key-value stores, VoltDB can be accessed using SQL and ensures transactional data integrity (ACID)."
The company's news release quoted gaming company CEO Henning Diedrich as saying "VoltDB is faster than MySQL with Memcached, and always returns valid data. It's more useful than key-value stores and even allows for cleaner SQL schemas than MySQL or Oracle."
It further stated "VoltDB has also been benchmarked against a NoSQL key-value store, and VoltDB executed a variety of key-value store workloads with equal or better performance."
In case there's any doubt about the intent of those potshots, The Register's VoltDB article is titled "Database daddy goes non-relational on NoSQL fanbois."
I can't wait to see how the "fanbois" react to this.
Take a look at this supposed game-changer and get back to me with your opinion. Is it revolutionary? Is it a flash-in-the-pan? Who's it going to hurt the most? Comment here or send me an e-mail.
New Help For SQL Server Setup
A reader has prompted Microsoft to launch a vast new resource for easing the SQL Server set-up process.
Okay, just maybe it's a coincidence. Anyway, reader Brian M.'s complaint about the difficulties of installing SQL Server seems to have hit the nail on the head. Last week he commented on my post concerning a "SQL Meme" circulating the 'Net, gathering gripes about SQL Server.
Brian's contribution started out with this: "Obviously an installer written by a bunch of CompSci PhD's. Ridiculous."
Just as obvious: Ballmer & Co. hang on every word printed here (Hi Steve--call me!).
Yesterday, just six days later, Microsoft announced the "The SQL Server Setup Portal," described as "a one-stop-shop for everything you need to know about planning and setting up SQL Server." They may as well have put "Hey, Brian..." in the portal title.
Buck Woody, a Microsoft database specialist, admitted in his Carpe Datum blog announcing the portal that the set-up process can be difficult. Pointing out the myriad hardware/software driver combinations supported by Microsoft, he said, "Making all of that work together is a small miracle, so things are bound to arise that you need to deal with."
You don't need to tell Brian M. He said he's been trying for a week to set up R2, with at least a dozen attempts, with no success. He even hinted at shooting himself in the foot, while waiting for the "R2 Pre-install Cleanup/Fixit Package."
Well Brian, hold your fire. Here's help: "whitepapers, videos, and multiple places to search on everything from topic names to error codes."
And no thanks needed; that's what we're here for. Just please let us know how it turns out.
What SQL Server installation nightmares have you encountered? Does the new portal help? Comment here or send me an e-mail.
So, What Do You Hate About SQL Server?
Paul S. Randal stirred up the SQL Server community this week with a blog post titled "What 5 things should SQL Server get rid of?"
He tagged five friends and started a chain reaction--or SQL Meme--of bellicose bombast across the blogosphere.
Randal's No. 1 complaint? "Auto-shrink." The CEO of SQLskills.com said, "I tried to have it removed during SQL 2005 and SQL 2008 development, but to no avail. It needed to stay for backwards compatibility."
While he makes good arguments for his choices, others seem somewhat surprising. For example, Adam Haines wants to delete PRINT and SELECT * from SQL Server.
Some are pretty broad in their scope, such as Aaron Bertand's desire to drop "syntax inconsistencies" and "the current setup program."
Some nuance the nitty-gritty. Denis Gobo volunteered "Unique constraints with one NULL value" and "Restrictions on Indexed Views" while providing explanations, screenshots and recommended substitutions.
Some targeted specific tools. Jamie Thomson, the SSIS Junkie, tackled SQL Server Integration Services. His suggestions included the Web Service and ActiveX Script tasks. Todd McDermid followed this foray into SSIS with the "Properties Window" and "Data Profiling Task."
Brent Ozar has some rambling, inchoate ("Any feature described using the phrase 'down payment' ") gripes about SQL Server Management Studio, including database diagrams and "Every SSMS UI designer."
Of course, readers were all over the subject, contributing their own colorful comments. One said the Web Service Task "should die. Horribly. Painfully."
By the time this is posted, I'm sure there will be dozens more. So let's board the bandwagon. Let it all out. Give Redmond an earful. (after all, so many people on TV say Windows 7 was their idea, why can't you claim that the next SQL Server edition was your idea?)
Weigh in here or drop me an e-mail (just don't start any memes about bloggers who should be banished from the Web!).
Rapid SQL Tool Catches Up With Windows 7
Way back in November,Rapid SQL XE, Embarcadero's integrated development environment for SQL coders, now includes support for Windows 7, the company announced recently.
Microsoft developers will also be glad to hear that the new IDE has enhanced object management capabilities for SQL Server, along with Oracle and DB2.
Also, it "includes support for all database platforms with a single product, interface and license," the company news release states. (Really, all database platforms? That's a pretty strong statement. OK, the PR people just got carried away there -- other company sources indicate it works with the "major" databases: DB2, Firebird, InterBase, SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle and Sybase.)
Other enhancements include Unicode support, SQL syntax alerts, new object filtering capabilities and more. The tool, which costs $1,495, is available for a 14-day trial.


text:
The Cycling Podcast / The Women's World Tour
What Israel-Premier Tech's invite to the 2023 Tour de France means for Canadian riders
Just before Christmas, the UCI gave Israel-Premier Tech the gift of invitations to all one week WorldTour stage races in 2023, even though the relegated squad is now ProTour level and would usually get granted wild cards by the race organizers themselves. On Wednesday, the ASO announced that I-PT was invited to the 2023 Tour de France, along with awesomely-kitted Norwegian outfit Uno-X, Lotto-Dstny and Team Total Energies. ASO's present is perhaps bigger than the UCI's.
The 2023 WorldTour teams contain only one Canadian, Ineos Grenadiers' Michael Leonard. Even though Alex Cataford and James Piccoli didn't re-sign with the team, it still can boast (along with Human Powered Health) the most Canucks: Guillaume Boivin, Michael Woods, Hugo Houle and Derek Gee. The chances of 18-year-old Leonard being in Bilbao, Spain for the start of the Tour de France on July 1 are nil, but the odds of an Israel-Premier Tech Canadian at the Grand Départ are good.
Will Michael Woods race his fourth Tour this July? Photo: Sirotti
I bet Houle likes his chances.
Last year, of course, Hugo Houle became the first Canadian to win a stage of the Tour since 1988, a grand victory emotionally dedicated to his deceased brother. Canada had a more direct connection with La Grande Boucle after that victory. It means a lot for a team with a Canadian owner, a Canadian director sportif and Canadian riders to return to the Big Show in July.
Right now Gee is slated to race the first WorldTour race of the season, the Santos Tour Down Under, the stage race returning after two years of COVID-19 cancelations in Australia.
So Israel-Premier Tech will be a ProTour team racing the vast majority of the 2023 WorldTour–keep in mind that the week-long stage race granting is only for this season–including all five Monuments and the Tour de France. Not too shabby.
Franck Bonnamour signs for AG2R-Citroën after B&B Hotels collapse
What I learned from riding the sandy Koksijde World Cup in the '90s

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Using APKPure App to upgrade 3D Double Dollar Slots, fast, free and save your internet data.
Play the best FREE slots game on mobile! Double Dollar Slots!
✓Top-tier graphics with great performance on your Android device.
The best part is, it's EASY to play and easy to win BIG! Play Double Dollar Slots now and FIND YOUR LUCK today!


text:
/ Mary J. Blige
/ Hourglass (from the Amazon Original Documentary: Mary J. Blige's My Life)
Hourglass (from the Amazon Original Documentary: Mary J. Blige's My Life)
Preview Hourglass (from the Amazon Original Documentary: Mary J. Blige's My Life)
℗ 2021 Mary Jane Productions Inc
© 2021 Mary Jane Productions Inc
Also by Mary J. Blige
Preview Good Morning Gorgeous
Good Morning Gorgeous Mary J. Blige 2021 From 1,39 €
Preview Amazing (feat. DJ Khaled)
Amazing (feat. DJ Khaled) Mary J. Blige 2021 From 1,79 €
Preview See What You've Done (From The Film Belly Of The Beast)
See What You've Done (From The Film Belly Of The Beast) Mary J. Blige 2020 From 2,19 €
Preview HERstory Vol. 1 (Explicit)
HERstory Vol. 1 (Explicit) Mary J. Blige 2019 From 16,49 €
Preview Know
Know Mary J. Blige 2019 From 2,19 €
Preview The Best Of Vanessa Williams 20th Century Masters The Millennium Collection
The Best Of Vanessa Williams 20th Century Masters The Millennium Collection Vanessa Williams 2003 From 16,49 €
Preview Next
Next Vanessa Williams 1997 From 16,49 €
Preview Legacy - The Greatest Hits Collection
Legacy - The Greatest Hits Collection Boyz II Men 2001 From 15,99 €
Preview Lyte As A Rock (Explicit)
Lyte As A Rock (Explicit) MC Lyte 2010 From 11,99 €
Preview Back To The Future: The Very Best Of Jodeci
Back To The Future: The Very Best Of Jodeci Jodeci 2005 From 15,99 €
Preview She's A Queen: A Collection Of Greatest Hits
She's A Queen: A Collection Of Greatest Hits Queen Latifah 2002


text:
Oculina tenella is een rifkoralensoort uit de familie van de Oculinidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1871 door Pourtalès.

Rifkoralen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A rendering of a design by the firm Varinot & Varinot Architectes shows a concept for a new type of sustainable hotel.
Varinot & Varinot Architectes of Paris has created the Aquaponic Experience Hotel, which incorporates an aquaponic system throughout the structure. The system includes hydroponic plants, which purify the water and receive nutrients from the waste of farmed fish, as well as a mechanism that continuously recycles rainwater. The hotel produces fruits, vegetables, and fish for the restaurant, seaweed for the spa, and flowers and herbs in the guest rooms.
A rendering shows a design by Aprilli Design Studio that includes pods that transfer visitors to and from long-distance destinations.
Aprilli Design Studio's Autonomous Travel Suite allows you to start enjoying your hotel as soon as you step out of your front door. The Los Angeles–based firm devised driverless mobile suites that transport travelers to their final destination and are equipped with compact sleeping, washroom, and working areas. When the suites reach the Autonomous Hotel in the final location, they are docked and the unit connects to a larger suite. The vehicles can also serve as a personal car during the trip.
The Italian-based firm Network of Architecture submitted a design meant to help single parents and children better handle family changes in a more therapeutic hotel space.
Le Colline Incantate was submitted by Network of Architecture, a firm in Bolzano, Italy. Set in the hills of northern Italy, the hotel is designed as a haven for single parents and children experiencing family changes. The firm worked with psychologists on the design to create therapeutic areas for individual and group sessions. The plant-covered retreat is built into the landscape and designed with cross-ventilation to eliminate the need for thermal insulation.
Designed by Polish students, this rendering shows an autonomous vehicle that meets travelers at the airport and becomes part of the overall room once it reaches the hotel.
In addition to the three finalist projects, the Room Extension Solution (RES) by Daniel Czyszczoń and Michał Witalis of Cracow University of Technology in Poland was named the student winner. The autonomous vehicle meets travelers at the airport and serves as a mobile hotel room. The RES becomes part of the overall room once it reaches the hotel. The Floating Hotel by Dinh Tam of Ho Chi Minh City University of Architecture in Vietnam—which combines fishing, farming, and hospitality—was awarded an honorable mention.
The firms responsible for the three finalists will pitch their ideas at the New Museum on October 3, and a live-audience vote will determine the winning entry. That winner will receive $10,000 and all firms will have the opportunity to meet with experts who will advise them on how to realize their projects and bring them to the market.


"Snowball 2017." 7pm. Bertha Landes Knight Room, Seattle City Hall, 5th Ave & Cherry St. Join Ingersoll Gender Center as we celebrate our Trans communities. Tickets at: http://bit.ly/2017snowball.
University Unitarian Church. 9:30am & 11:15am Sunday Services. 6556 35th Ave NE. www.uuchurch.org for details.
University Congregational United Church of Christ. 9am all ages education; 10am Worship. 4515 16th Ave NE. (206) 524-2322; www.universityucc.org.
Gay Dodgeball Seattle League. 11am. Yesler Community Center, 917 E Yesler Way. 8-week league season starts today. A league for the whole LGBTQ+ community. Registration is OPEN at https://www.gaydodgeball.com/seattle.html. Also on Facebook.
Kingdom Builders Weekend (12/6 & 12/7). 7pm. 3518 S Edmunds St. 12/6: Revival Service with Presiding Elder Robert Wise; 12/7: HIV & the Black Church / Community Conversation with Bishop O.C. Allen & Pastor Mark James. FREE and open to the public - refreshments will be served. Sponsored by Living Water International and UPPC Fellowship. Presented in conjunction with POCAAN's 30th Anniversary Celebration, GALA & Awards Dinner 12/8.
Seattle Human Rights Commission's Human Rights Day Celebration - "Together We Rise." 6pm-reception; 7pm-panel discussion and awards presentation. Seattle First Baptist Church, 1111 Harvard Ave. Join panelists Ethel Branch, Attorney General, Navajo Nation; Nikkita Oliver, Activist, Attorney, Artist; and Jorge Baron, Executive Director, Northwest Immigrant Rights Project; and awardees Individual Human Rights Leader: Kate Wilson; Organization Human Rights Leader: VOCAL Washington; Coalition Human Rights Leader: Washington Immigrant Solidarity Network; Lifetime Human Rights Leader: Cecile Hansen for the evening's celebration. Meets panelists and awardees at the 6pm reception. Students from the UW will also be there to discuss their human rights research projects. The annual Seattle Human Rights Day event commemorates the 69th anniversary of the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted December 10, 1948. FREE admission. Go to townhallseattle.org/event/together-we-rise to order FREE tickets.
Belltown Art Walk Special Reception. 6-8pm. Belltown Community Center, 415 Bell St. Meet & greet and light refreshments.
POCAAN 30th Anniversary Gala & Awards Dinner. 5:30pm VIP reception; 7pm Gala & Awards Dinner. Northwest African American Museum, 2300 S Massachusetts St. Tickets: $50 general; $100 VIP. 206-322-7061; www.pocaan.org.
"Why Should Just the Pretty Survive?" (12/8 & 12/9). 7pm (doors at 6:30pm). Calamus Auditorium at Gay City, 517 E Pike St. Come help Gay City Arts' Director celebrate her book winning a Washington State Book Award! She'll perform her one-woman show that arose from her book, "My, My, My, My, My," which is largely inspired by her experiences with illness and of having come face-to-face with her mortality. This production explores what it means to have a body and for that body's most important work to be executing the exquisite, temporary and glorious event of being alive. Joining her on stage will be a luminous cast of poets and musicians performing original and collaborative works, including Carolyn Agee, Ebo Barton, Michele Bombardier, Jourdan Imani Keith, Tobi Hill-Meyer, billie rain. Tickets: $10 and $7 (free with book purchase). No one turned away for lack of funds.
"Pictures With Santa." 8pm-12 midnight. The Cuff Complex, 1533 13th Ave. Join Seattle Men in Leather for an evening of merriment and holiday good cheer! $10 photo with SML's Santa and elves benefits SML's 2017 charity: Seattle Area Support Groups.


text:
Major increase in Glasgow drug deaths as national fatalities reach all time high
The new statistics have revealed that Scotland's annual drug death rate is the worst for any nation in the developed world.
Laura FergusonJournalist
(Image: Getty Images/Universal Images Group)
Drug-related deaths in Glasgow have increased by 33% in just one year, new figures have revealed.
A total of 394 deaths were recorded in the Greater Glasgow and Clyde region for 2018 - the most of any region in Scotland.
The statistics, published in 'Drug-related Deaths in Scotland in 2018' for the Scottish Government have revealed that Scotland's annual drug death are the worst since records began in 1996 - and the worst for any nation in the developed world.
Young woman sexually assaulted on Lanark-bound train between Glasgow Central and Carluke
The 1187 across the country is up 27% from last year. In 2017, the number of drug-related deaths was 934 while the figure is more than double that of 2008 (574).
An NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde spokeswoman said: "Each drug-related death referred to in these figures represents an individual tragedy that has a devastating impact on families and loved ones and our thoughts are with them.
"The evidence shows that positive engagement with treatment services substantially reduces the risk of a drug overdose.
"Across Greater Glasgow and Clyde there are a range of services that are focused on harm-reduction and recovery.
"The circumstances surrounding a drug-related death can also be very complex and involve multiple factors. However, the figures continue to demonstrate strong links between deprivation and drug-related deaths.
"However, these figures do reflect that victims of drug-related death are growing older with underlying health conditions increasingly becoming a factor. We are also seeing widespread availability, reduced costs and increased drug potency especially in heroin and benzodiazepines.
"In addition, an increasing number of deaths involve multiple-drug use, which points towards the often chaotic lifestyles of those affected by addiction issues."
Man arrested over suspected murder of missing Paisley mum Patricia Henry
Males accounted for the vast majority of drug deaths at 72% while people aged 35 to 44 made up the largest proportion of fatalities at 37% (442).
Meanwhile, there were an additional 345 deaths in the 45 to 54 age-group (29%) and 217 deaths amongst 25 to 34 year olds (18%).
Deaths from opiates or opioids, such as heroin, morphine, or methadone, were implicated or contributed to 1,021 deaths.
Benzodiazepines, which include drugs such as diazepam and etizolam, were implicated in, or potentially contributed to, 792 deaths (67%).
Scotland's Public Health Minister, Joe FitzPatrick, said the figure is "shocking" and innovative and bold new approaches are needed to save lives.
In Scotland, all parties except the Conservatives called for the UK Government to reform drug policy, with the SNP, Greens and Liberal Democrats calling for safer drug consumption facilities, and the latter pushing for decriminalisation for personal use.
The Royal College of Psychiatrists in Scotland have also called for safe consumption rooms.
The Scottish Conservatives said this option - currently blocked by the Home Office - is "cowardly", and said the Scottish Government should boost funds for rehab and "abstinence-based recovery".
Thug who glassed female friend after party left her permanently disfigured
He said: "The number of people who have lost their lives because of drug use is shocking.
"It is vital this tragedy is treated as a public health issue, and we are prepared to take innovative and bold measures in order to save the lives of those most at risk.
"Last week, I gave evidence to the Scottish Affairs Committee and I asked for help in persuading the UK Government to either act now to enable us to implement a range of public health focused responses - including the introduction of supervised drug consumption facilities - or devolve the power to the Scottish Parliament so that we can act."
A UK Government spokesman highlighted its ongoing drug misuse review, adding: "Any death related to drug misuse is a tragedy.
"Our drug strategy is bringing together police, health, community and global partners to tackle the illicit drug trade, protect the most vulnerable and help those with a drug dependency to recover."
For more breaking news and all that's going on in your city, head to the Glasgow Live homepage - or you can check us out on Facebook , Twitter and Instagram .


text:
package com.example.innf.volleydemo.util;

import android.util.Log;

import com.example.innf.volleydemo.bean.PhoneNumberInfo;
import com.example.innf.volleydemo.bean.Response;
import com.google.gson.Gson;

/**
 * Author: Inno Fang
 * Time: 2016/12/24 10:04
 * Description:
 */

public class JSONParser {
    private static final String TAG = "JSONParser";
    public static PhoneNumberInfo parseJSON(String jsonData){

        Gson gson = new Gson();
        Response response = gson.fromJson(jsonData, Response.class);
        Log.i(TAG, response.toString());

        PhoneNumberInfo phoneNumberInfo = new PhoneNumberInfo();
        Response.Result result = response.getResult();
        phoneNumberInfo.setProvince(result.getProvince());
        phoneNumberInfo.setCity(result.getCity());
        phoneNumberInfo.setAreacode(result.getAreacode());
        phoneNumberInfo.setZip(result.getZip());
        phoneNumberInfo.setCompany(result.getCompany());
        Log.i(TAG, phoneNumberInfo.toString());
        return phoneNumberInfo;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Tony Thomas Weidman Michigan
They are not veterinarians nor medical personnel, and are no better than the general public at deciding a matter such as this. Saginaw St. There are many diverse and talented individuals that make everything happen. Emily Thomas has been a new addition to the popular TV show "The incredible Dr. Those numbers have climbed to 1130 images covering 840 species mostly from veteran contributor Tony Thomas with over 300 dissections images and new contributor JoAnne Russo with over 50 dissections. It is with deep sorrow that we announce the death of Anthony Thomas Astbury Sr. The list includes over 750 players, including more than 50 All-Americans, three Heisman Trophy winners (Tom Harmon, Desmond Howard and Charles Woodson), six U. state of Michigan. What Happened to Dr. Tony Thomas player page with stats and analysis. Includes obituaries and cemetery burials. Anthony Thomas in Colorado. ) (transcribed by: L. For those of you who have been tuning into the show, you probably know already that Dr. View the profiles of people named Opie Tony. - The Newaygo County Sheriff's Office is asking for help in finding Anthony "Tony" Thomas Schafer, a 32-year-old Morley man. Region # Suff. She gave birth to the 3rd child on 2018 February. Weidman, MI - Peer Comparisons by Rank and Percentile. Father Danny Thomas and siblings Tony and Terre all appeared in an episode of That. He was born in Deerfield, Michigan. Clinton Township, Michigan. Find real estate agent & Realtor® Tony Thomas in CHESTERFIELD, MI, on Realtor. He was born in Mt. Rose Marie Mantell Thomas was born on March 6, 1914 in Detroit, Michigan, USA as Rose Marie Cassaniti. Warden Ron Neal. The table below compares Weidman to the other 692 incorporated cities, towns and CDPs in Michigan by rank and percentile using July 1, 2018 data. View Tony Thomas' profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. Mount Pleasant, Michigan. Tony Adamowicz is on Facebook. Offender Tracking Information System. Through our advanced obituary search, you may search our database of obituaries by name, location, date of death and keywords. com Professors. Michigan State Police - Michigan's Most Wanted Sex Offender Absconders - Arrested Browsers that can not handle javascript will not be able to access some features of this site. Anthony Thomas Astbury Sr. The ultimate source for Detroit sports news, scores, highlights and analysis, including Lions, Tigers, Red Wings, Pistons, Wolverines and Spartans. West Point Cadet Tom Surdyke: Duty and Honor Even Unto Death As I read the recent inspiring story about the life and death of Cadet Tom Surdyke in the Wall Street Journal , I was again reminded of the inspiring character of the young men and women attending the Military Academy at West Point. / VIP Tickets $35 (includes prime seating, dinner and a free drink); $10 GA Advance and $15 GA at. No claims to the accuracy of this information are made. Emily Thomas is a renowned cast besides Dr. Emily Thomas has been a new addition to the popular TV show "The incredible Dr. Front Page We are a community of people who want to know and follow Jesus. Spectrum Center with over 80 annual events, educational outreach, and peer mentorship for the LGBTQ community. Leave a review for him on Healthgrades. Butler, MD Northwestern University Jason R. Use the By Docket Number search to locate the Court docket sheet for a specific docket number. Food, Beer and Vendor Village open 3 p. His specialties include General Dentistry. Magenta Monday Bootcamp with Tony Thomas Sports powered by T-Mobile, 700 Lincoln Rd, 700 Lincoln Road, Miami Beach, United States. His The Danny Thomas Show (1953) co-star, Angela Cartwright, said in an interview that TV producer Irwin Allen was a huge fan of Thomas' show, and asked her to audition for a sci-fi series he was producing that eventually wound up to be Lost in Space (1965), which was loosely based on the novel, "The Swiss Family Robinson". Yelp is a fun and easy way to find, recommend and talk about what's great and not so great in Sterling Heights and beyond. Abdel-Qader, Ikhlas, 1996, Associate Professor of Electrical and. 's obituary. He supports the graduate students and postdocs of Michigan State University and oversees and supports the Masters, Professional and Ph. 1483 Mcdaniel Dr. Marlo Thomas has been in 2 on-screen matchups, including Ron Leibman in Friends (1994) and Ted Bessell in That Girl (1966). Eastlake Cardiovascular, P. All information displayed on this page was obtained through public domain and in accordance with the Freedom of Information Act. What is the FCRA? The Fair Credit Reporting Act ("FCRA") is a federal law that promotes the accuracy, fairness and privacy of information in the files of consumer reporting agencies. Marlo Thomas was born on November 21, 1937, in Detroit, Michigan, the eldest child of comedian Danny Thomas (1912 - 1991) and his wife, the former Rose Marie Cassaniti (1914 - 2000). You will not want to miss Fatal Attraction's recreation of the events. Her official name is Margeret Julian Thomas, but she became known as Marlo after people kept misinterpreting her parents nicknaming her Margo. He was born in Deerfield, Michigan. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Pol Veterinary Services locations in Weidman, MI. In his five decades long career, he started by working as a comedian in American nightclubs and soon progressed to become a television and film actor and later on producing shows and unravelling new talent and new faces. George had 4 siblings: Elizabeth Tony and 3 other siblings. The top city of residence is Colorado Springs, followed by Denver. He grew up in the Beal City,. View phone numbers, addresses, public records, background check reports and possible arrest records for Tony Thomas in Michigan (MI). She made her 35 million dollar fortune with That Girl, Friends & Free to Be…You and Me. This show features Dr. Tony Thomas Meet the. Read obituary of Anthony "Tony" Thomas Astbury publish on April 24, 2019. Veterinarians - Weidman, MI. Click a location below to find Tony more easily. Tony Vincent in Michigan 37 people named Tony Vincent found in Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Benton Harbor and 4 other cities. Browse Marriott International's portfolio of hotels & discover what makes each brand unique. Michigan (US) Distance Calculator and Driving Directions to calculate distance between any two cities, towns or villages in Michigan (US) and Mileage Calculator, Distance Chart, Distance Map. She has a sister, Terre, and a brother, Tony Thomas, who is a television and film producer. This page was last edited on 2 May 2019, at 21:09. Shopping for car insurance? Anthony Thomas in Baltimore, MD is one of more than 18,000 State Farm® agents nationwide who can help keep you and your family covered with quality auto insurance. Marie V Jeffus. Bridgeport Township will be closed BRIDGEPORT CHARTER TOWNSHIP WILL BE CLOSED THURSDAY, JULY 4TH 2019 AND FRIDAY, JULY 5TH 2019 IN OBSERVANCE OF INDEPENDENCE DAY. Brooklyn. Weidman was born in St. Tony Thompson, who sang with '90s R&B group Hi-Five, has died of an apparent drug overdose at the age of 31. View phone numbers, addresses, public records, background check reports and possible arrest records for Tony Thomas in Michigan (MI). Mug Shot for Tony Thomas booked into the Lubbock county jail. There are 50+ professionals named Anthony Thomas, who use LinkedIn to exchange information, ideas, and opportunities. Need an attorney in Michigan? FindLaw's Lawyer Directory is the largest online directory of attorneys. Frankenmuth is a Michigan vacation destination with plenty of fun things to do. She is the eldest child of comedian Danny Thomas and his wife, Rose Marie Cassaniti. " Emily earns an impressive salary from the job she rejoices with her net worth estimated above $500,000. Home to nationally ranked and recognized academic, residential college, and service-learning programs, MSU is a diverse community of dedicated students and scholars, athletes and artists, scientists and leaders. The 6\'3\", 195 lb forward from South Lyon, MI has been rock solid, appearing in all 58 games for the RoadRunners in the regular season, one of only three teammates to do so. 's obituary. Pol does off camera is one thing, and I hope he has good malpractice insurance. Thomas was best known for starring in the television sitcom Make Room for Daddy (also known as The Danny Thomas Show). The victim appeared to suffer a. Marlo Thomas is an American actress, producer, and social activist. of Michigan Corrections]. Get Sterling Heights real estate agent Tony Thomas's performance history. Danny Thomas was an American nightclub comedian and television and film actor and producer, whose career spanned five decades. Tony was also an accomplished political activist for the Democratic party, and also ran for State Representative for Michigan's 11th Congressional District as well as Michigan's 13th House District. Bridgeport Township will be closed BRIDGEPORT CHARTER TOWNSHIP WILL BE CLOSED THURSDAY, JULY 4TH 2019 AND FRIDAY, JULY 5TH 2019 IN OBSERVANCE OF INDEPENDENCE DAY. Offender Tracking Information System. Marlo Thomas Facts & Wiki Where does Marlo Thomas live? And how much money does Marlo Thomas earn?. The city is located on the Grand River about 40 miles east of Lake Michigan. Emily Thomas has been a new addition to the popular TV show "The incredible Dr. Tony Thomas in Indiana address, phone number, send email, public records & background search. Thomas played college football at the University of Michigan from 1997 to 2000. [Image via Dept. For more information contact Tony Thomas, Late Night On Air Personality or go to www. Marlo Thomas Facts & Wiki Where does Marlo Thomas live? And how much money does Marlo Thomas earn?. The average Anthony Thomas is around 49 years of age with around 53% falling in to the age group of 41-50. At Tributes. Anthony was born on January 2, 1963 in Saginaw, the son of William and Mary (Fent) Astbury. , Grand Blanc. Active with local organizations 4-H & FFA. The population of the CDP was 959 at the 2010 census, up from 879 at the 2000 census. EVP - Chief Information Officer Vodafone India Limited 2012年4月 - 2015年9月 3年 6ヶ月. View daily MI weather updates, watch videos and photos, join the discussion in forums. Anthony Thomas in Michigan. Whenever the name of the topic, specific details and communication discuss the role of verbs. With expertise ranging from mortgage insurance to title and appraisal to transaction management, securitization, and more, we'll find the right solutions for you and your business. SEBASTIAN ROTELLA, '84. On 21-11-1937 Marlo Thomas (nickname: Marlo) was born in Detroit, Michigan. Powered By Revize Login. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Pol Veterinary Services locations in Weidman, MI. She has a sister, Terre, and a brother, Tony Thomas. Tony Thomas in Indiana address, phone number, send email, public records & background search. Mount Pleasant Tourism: TripAdvisor has 11,153 reviews of Mount Pleasant Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Mount Pleasant resource. He graduated from Sault High School with the class of 1968. View Tony Thomas' profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. Bishop Tony Thomas 10 Dist. 33 Russell M. Eastlake Cardiovascular, P. A location that ranks higher than 75% of its peers would be in the 75th percentile of the peer group. feeds your desire for the finest gourmet chocolates, OSU Buckeye Chocolate Candies, dark chocolate and other wonderful chocolate delights. Home to nationally ranked and recognized academic, residential college, and service-learning programs, MSU is a diverse community of dedicated students and scholars, athletes and artists, scientists and leaders. / VIP Tickets $35 (includes prime seating, dinner and a free drink); $10 GA Advance and $15 GA at. Ci possa consolare il pensiero che lei ci guarda da lassù e noi tutti potremo parlarle sempre all'interno dei nostri cuori. Web: Isabella County, Michigan, Obituary Index, 1875-2005 Ancestry. Abdel-Qader, Ikhlas, 1996, Associate Professor of Electrical and. As Featured On. Need an attorney in Michigan? FindLaw's Lawyer Directory is the largest online directory of attorneys. Bishop Tony Thomas 10 Dist. Vietnam War casualties from Michigan Click or Tap on name to find a personal memorial page of a casualty from this state. Find 1 listings related to Thomas Emily K in Weidman on YP. Emily is a veterinary who works at "Pol Veterinary Services" in rural Weidman, Michigan. Tony was also an accomplished political activist for the Democratic party, and also ran for State Representative for Michigan's 11th Congressional District as well as Michigan's 13th House District. Anthony Thomas from Detroit, Michigan has 50 profiles on US Identify. Find more news articles and stories. Tony has been a prolific TV and film producer over the years, and Terre has dabbled as an actress, once having a guest role on Marlo's sitcom, "That Girl" (1965). Today, Thomas Randolph is still serving a life sentence at a prison in Michigan. Jan Pol and Brenda on the show "The Incredible Dr. For more information contact Tony Thomas, Late Night On Air Personality or go to www. It is with deep sorrow that we announce the death of Anthony Thomas Astbury Sr. Thomas was best known for starring in the television sitcom Make Room for Daddy. What is the FCRA? The Fair Credit Reporting Act ("FCRA") is a federal law that promotes the accuracy, fairness and privacy of information in the files of consumer reporting agencies. The nation's pioneer land-grant university, Michigan State University is one of the top research universities in the world. She is of Lebanese and Italian descent. Your pets' health and well being are very important to us. [Image via Dept. Active with local organizations 4-H & FFA. Courtesy: Tony Haddad - Keller Williams Realty Lakeside Description for 20749 June Ave Warren, MI 48091 Spacious 4 bed 1 bath home with plenty of updates including; full kitchen remodel, full bathroom remodel all new flooring, freshly painted and new insulation. 2 Records for Tony Kruvelis. After Thomas' mother saw his talent she bought him a Stratocaster Guitar. I've also excluded. View the profiles of professionals named Anthony Thomas on LinkedIn. Nat Geo Wild will air the 100th episode of "The Incredible Dr. Find great Chesterfield, MI real estate professionals on Zillow like Tony Thomas of Keller Williams Platinum. Find what to do today, this weekend, or in July. Tony Parker is on Facebook. Tony was a member of the American Legion and the NRA. Charles Anthony "Tony" Thomas (born December 7, 1948) is an American television and film producer, who has produced the TV series The Practice (1976-1977), Nurses, Herman's Head, Soap, Blossom, Empty Nest, Benson, Beauty and the Beast, The Golden Girls, and It's a Living, as well as Dead Poets Society. He had been senior vice president for Global Purchasing since September 2004, and had been vice president for the same area since January 2002. She was married to Danny Thomas. Jan Pol who is a Dutch -American Vet and his family members as well as the employees of his office which is located in Weidman, Michigan. Suff Bishop Tony Thomas. Mumbai Area, India. Thomas played college football at the University of Michigan from 1997 to 2000. 1984 Team Photo view larger image. I also found a. The Wujeks and Calcaterras have been tending the funeral needs of local families for four generations. Jan Pol and Brenda on the show "The Incredible Dr. After Thomas' mother saw his talent she bought him a Stratocaster Guitar. Her official name is Margeret Julian Thomas, but she became known as Marlo after people kept misinterpreting her parents nicknaming her Margo. It is with deep sorrow that we announce the death of Anthony Thomas Astbury Sr. Thomas told reporters at the Pentagon via. Clair County, Michigan, May 10, 1852. SAGINAW, MI - Michigan State Police troopers and Saginaw County Sheriff's deputies are responding to a traffic crash on northbound Interstate 75. With an abundance of experienced alpaca breeders, veterinarians, and the support of MI Alpaca, farming here is rewarding, fun, and a great business to involve the entire family with! Locate an alpaca farm near you and set up a visit today and experience these incredible creatures for yourself! MIAF - Michigan International Alpaca Fest 2018!. Get info on Pol Veterinary Svc - Emily K Thomas, DVM. Marlo was christened Margaret Julia Thomas. The people featured on this site may not have been convicted of the charges or crimes listed and are presumed innocent until proven guilty. He was tenderly cared for by his family and the nurses and staff of the Murray-Calloway County Hospital and the Anna Mae Owen Residential Hospice House. Weidman, MI White Pages Run a search by name for anyone in Weidman, Michigan & get free white pages information instantly. in Grass Creek, Indiana. Emily Thomas is a renowned cast besides Dr. Tony has 3 jobs listed on their profile. Click a location below to find Tony more easily. Joel McCrea: Riding the High Country by Tony Thomas starting at $11. Use US Identify to learn about and connect with people from across the country. We also offer funeral pre-planning and carry a wide selection of caskets, vaults, urns and burial containers. Dr Emily Thomas is more than what meets the eyes, behind the beautiful face the generous heart of her makes her a wonderful human being. She gave birth to the 3rd child on 2018 February. Access online record databases for dog licenses, marriage licenses, parcel data, and more. The Health System and the University of Michigan College of Pharmacy are both ranked in the top tier of institutions nationwide, and our residency program is ASHP award-winning. The Tulane University of Doctor of Dental Surgery DD. st thomas saginaw michigan. What is an arrest record? In the state of Michigan, crime history records refers to information maintained by the Criminal Justice Information Center or CJIC which serves as a state wide repository of data. Marlo Thomas Wiki 2019, Height, Age, Net Worth 2019, Weight, Family - American actress, producer, and social activist Famous for her role on the sitcom That Girl (1966–1971) and the franchise Free to. View phone numbers, addresses, public records, background check reports and possible arrest records for Tony Thomas in Michigan (MI). The nation's pioneer land-grant university, Michigan State University is one of the top research universities in the world. Thomas Lloyd – Michigan. Anthony Wayne Thomas, 69, beloved son, brother, husband, father, Tony Bear and friend, rode into the sunset Friday, March 2, 2018. - The Newaygo County Sheriff's Office is asking for help in finding Anthony "Tony" Thomas Schafer, a 32-year-old Morley man. Home to nationally ranked and recognized academic, residential college, and service-learning programs, MSU is a diverse community of dedicated students and scholars, athletes and artists, scientists and leaders. Ripoff Report on: Anthony Thomas - Anthony thomas tony tone ross liar does not own the property he rents also insurance scams ripoff southfield michigan. Buckner, of Warren, Michigan, (no relation to Thomas or John Buckner) was named in a one count information charging him with impeding the IRS by acting as a financial intermediary who received and then paid out money to Anthony Shaw, for the purpose of concealing that the monies were income of Shaw, concealing the true source of the. During his time at Michigan, Eugene wrote for the Michigan Daily. Tony Tiler LLC operates in Alabama. Region # Suff. In times of need, it's natural for us to turn to family, friends and neighbors for guidance and support. Powered By Revize Login. This page was last edited on 2 May 2019, at 21:09. Jan Pol and his amazing team rescuing animal around Weidman, Michigan. Marlo Thomas was born on November 21, 1937, in Detroit, Michigan, the eldest child of comedian Danny Thomas (1912 - 1991) and his wife, the former Rose Marie Cassaniti (1914 - 2000). En venta Libros de cine. Ante Josip "Tony" Mandarich (born September 23, 1966) is a former American football offensive tackle who played in the National Football League (NFL) for seven seasons. When Anthony Thomas left Michigan in 2000, he was the Wolverines' all-time leading rusher and considered one of the best backs in Michigan football history. Alice R Loflin. Last summer, Thrower played on a team with MSU. Michigan Bands Musicians and Music Entertainment Madman Mike's continually updated list of Music Artists in Michigan. Click a location below to find Tony more easily. Weichert Realtors is one of the nation's leading providers of Weidman, Michigan real estate for sale and home ownership services. Tony has been a prolific TV and film producer over the years, and Terre has dabbled as an actress, once having a guest role on Marlo's sitcom, "That Girl" (1965). Facebook gives people the power to share. Tony Thomas (45) LB - 2015 (Junior): Did not see any game action in 2015 named defensive scout team player of the year three-time scout team player of the. He broke Michigan's career rushing record with a four-year total of 4,472 yards. The latest Toby Thomas Stats, Video Highlights, News and more from MiLB. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover Tom's connections. Jarvis at Hardrock MMA 51 on Tapology. Get directions, reviews and information for Emily K Thomas DVM - Pol Veterinary Service in Weidman, MI. Marlo Thomas is an American actress, producer, and social activist. Your pets' health and well being are very important to us. Use the By Docket Number search to locate the Court docket sheet for a specific docket number. Weidman, Michigan white page directory listings include full name, phone number and address. Addresses, phone numbers, and public records for Tony were found in 19 cities. The so-called Command Slate Lists included a total of 686 names for. February 6, 1991. All information displayed on this page was obtained through public domain and in accordance with the Freedom of Information Act. Find what to do today, this weekend, or in July. The actress her starsign is Scorpio and she is now 81 years of age. , and is best known for his work with George Clinton, Parliament, and the P …. Pet Emergency? Call us right away at 989-644-5044! Dr's Pol, Grettenberger, Thomas, Sharkey, Arcy are licensed veterinarians, treating all types of pets. Whoever you are and wherever you're from, we would love you to come and be amongst us. Pol" as touted in the title of his National Geographic Wild. The Incredible Dr. 193 records in 110 cities for Anthony Thomas in Michigan. She died on July 12, 2000 in Beverly Hills, California, USA. Wupm-Fm is located at the address Po Box 107 in Ironwood, Michigan 49938. 313-386-1800. Search the past and present police arrests, warrants, DUI charges, court and criminal records of people named Tony Rockwell. Softcover, First Printing 1992 Riverwood Press Burbank 160 pages. Brenda Grettenbeger was present for the. Thomas played college football at the University of Michigan from 1997 to 2000. Tony Diliberti. He was the father of Marlo Thomas, Terre Thomas, and Tony. El cumpăra de la un producător strâmtorat financiar întreaga producție de cereale încă necoapte, de pe proprietatea Pöppenrade, la jumătate de preț. Team Crown Motors prides ourselves on our experienced car sales professionals and trained auto technicians committed to excellence in Holland Michigan. Arrested on 05/29/13 for an alleged DUI. Weidman is an unincorporated community in Isabella County, Michigan, United States. Whenever the name of the topic, specific details and communication discuss the role of verbs. June 10, 2019. Thomas Weidman is a practicing Emergency Medicine doctor in Syracuse, NY. is a award-winning foreign correspondent, investigative journalist, and novelist. Marlo Thomas Facts & Wiki Where does Marlo Thomas live? And how much money does Marlo Thomas earn?. Thanks tony for all your tips and answers I found paint and clear for $300 and all the parts for my truck on craigslist. Michigan state public records for free and up-to-date directory information!. Learn More. Joel McCrea: Riding the High Country by Tony Thomas starting at $11. Jarvis fight video, highlights, news, Twitter updates, and fight results. Marlo Thomas is an American actress, philantrophist and an author. Born and raised in Detroit Michigan, Tony "Strat" Thomas started out playing a six-string razor in high school. The Wujeks and Calcaterras have been tending the funeral needs of local families for four generations. Afghan Special Ops to Start Conducting Spy Flights Coalition forces are also training Afghans on armed Mi-17 Russian-made helicopters. I don't feel that the Michigan Court of Appeals should have any say in what the Michigan State Veterinary Board decides. His record of 4,472 yards was eventually broken by Mike Hart, but Thomas was good enough to be drafted in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears, where he played from. She grew up surrounded by entartaining business and was encouraged to be an actress from her early childhood. We're proud to be a favorite spot.


* Limit one coupon, discount or offer per customer. Discounts, coupons or other offers may not be combined with any other offer. No cash/credit back. Not valid on prior services. All discounts, offers, & coupons to exclude all generator related services, repairs, parts, and generator furnish and installs. All discounts, coupons & offers must be presented at time of service.


More than half of Britons are putting their eyesight at risk by failing to wear sunglasses that protect against ultraviolet rays – or any sunglasses at all – with young children particularly vulnerable, a new report warns.
The poll for the eye research charity Fight for Sight found that 54 per cent of people in Britain say they rarely, if ever, wear UV sunglasses in the sunshine.
And an even higher percentage were unaware that wearing UV protective sunglasses in sunny weather can reduce the chances of people developing cataracts and can accelerate age-related macular degeneration, both of which impair sight.
"We'd encourage people to make sure that they are protecting their eyes during this sunny weather," said Dr Neil Ebenezer, research director at Fight for Sight.
"The eyes of children under five are particularly vulnerable so it's especially important that they are protected," he said.
To be safe, people should buy sunglasses with the CE mark for UV protection to guarantee that they meet the European standard, Dr Ebenezer said – before going on to bust some myths.
Contrary to the perceived wisdom that UV exposure is highest in the summer, ultraviolet levels are actually the same all year round – and are only 10 to 20 per cent lower on a cloudy day than a sunny one, he says.
"So on an overcast day, remember to wear your shades," he said.
Meanwhile, it's true that people with blue eyes are more at risk from UV damage, he said, because they contain less of a protective pigment called melanin.
Another perceived wisdom – that your eyes are even more susceptible to burning than your skin – is also true, Dr Ebenezer said.
People should also be sure to wear plenty of UV and UB resistant sun screen experts said since they frequently apply far too little.
A recent University of Sydney study of 18 to 40 year olds found that those who were regular users of sunscreen in childhood reduced their risk of developing melanoma by 40 percent, compared to those who rarely used sunscreen.
Regular users of sunscreen were more likely to be female, younger, of British or northern European ancestry, more educated and with lighter skin, the study found.
People were less likely to use sunscreen if they were male, older, less educated, or had skin that was darker.
Complicating the picture slightly, another study found that sunscreen is washing off swimmers bodies into the sea in such huge quantitites that it is interfering with the development of fish embryos.


The wine is showing deep colour and plummy fruit as well as wood spice and a round, complex mid palate and dry finish.
ageing : Drink over next 4 to 6 years.
in the vineyard : A blend of 92% Merlot and 8% Cabernet Franc. Grapes were selected from two vineyards, namely Kopland and Laer Schaapenberg. Two clones are used, a French Bordeaux clone and the Italian clone (small berries vs. the larger ones of the French clone). The vineyards are dry land with a average yield of 7 tons/ha.
about the harvest: The grapes are picked fully ripe (25.5°B) and transported in lugs to the cellar.
in the cellar : Standard crushing / destemming. Fermentation with specially cultured yeasts at 26-28°C in closed fermentation vessels. A maximum of 15 days on the skins, light pressing and into barrels for malolactic fermentation. The wine is matured for 17 months in 225l French Oak (only new Torasand, 50%).


text:
Southern headquarters for new sailing league are latest effort to grow sport in Pensacola
Madison Arnold
When Visit Pensacola placed an ad in a sailing magazine, the tourism organization had a call from a sailor in the Northeast who said they never knew the caliber of sailing that Pensacola could provide. That's unlikely to happen again.
Last week, the new Premiere Sailing League USA, or PSL, announced that it had chosen Pensacola as its southern headquarters. The league's presence in Pensacola is part of a larger effort by the Pensacola Yacht Club to grow the sport of sailing in the area.
"All the sudden now having an event like this and (the league) going through and making us such a focal point, I think gives us more visibility in that arena and really goes back to utilizing one of our community's assets," said Steve Hayes, president of Visit Pensacola.
The announcement comes just before American Magic's next visit to Pensacola in November. That team is from the New York City Yacht Club and is hoping to take on New Zealand in the 36th America's Cup in 2021.
Pensacola Yacht Club members have been working to get new teams and competition like the PSL and American Magic in recent years as a way to promote the support.
"People are beginning to become aware of the sailing that can be done on one of the best bays that there is," said Hal Smith, the yacht club's fleet captain.
Smith said the PSL will be stadium-style racing, meaning those on the shore can watch the competition to draw in not just sailors, but also spectators. Talbot Wilson, a former fleet captain and board member, said there will also be an announcer explaining the race to spectators.
The first PSL winter exhibition is scheduled for Jan. 3 through Jan. 5 off Plaza de Luna. There will be a series of regattas from January to April, according to Visit Pensacola.
Smith said he suspects more economic development surrounding sailing will come along with it. As more people participate begin to participate, the need to buy things like new sails or services to help maintain the boats will increase as well.
"It's embarrassing to me how few people that are residents here, that even have sailboats, are not coming out and participating in regattas," Smith said. "Boats that have been tied up to docks and doing nothing are going to start participating more."
More sailing news
►Sport accessibility:Embark for an 'undiscovered treasure' with Pensacola sailing
►Winter events:Premiere Sailing League exhibition series coming to Pensacola in 2020
►Young sailors:Optimist National Championships welcome world's top young sailors
Wilson said he expects 12 teams, each made up of eight to 12 members, for the PSL regattas as well as some of their families. Sailors, the families and spectators visiting for sailing events can be an opportunity to not just promote the sport in the area but also tourism in general, Hayes said.
Among other events, the U.S. Sailing Youth National championships also are scheduled in Pensacola. Wilson said he expects about 200 young sailors to participate in June.
ECSO deputy shot multiple times expected to make full recovery Four days into Pensacola cyberattack, officials don't know if personal information was compromised Gulf Breeze demolishes old fire station to make way for $2.2 million police station Wounded NAS Pensacola police officer, first to respond to shooting, helped others escape scene Milton revokes Jones Street license, paving the way for Panhandle Butterfly House to open
"I think if sailing can be the vehicle for them to discover the experiences here in Pensacola, then it may lead them to come back at other times," Hayes said. "Our role, and what I look at us doing, is being able to reach out and say 'here's another cool event that you can experience while you're here in Pensacola."
The PSL is hoping to address an gap in sailing, particularly for young adults who cannot afford their own boats. Instead, using a model common in juniors and Europe, the league will own the boats and let racers charter them for an event.
Similarly to the PSL, the yacht club has dreams of developing a maritime center for Pensacola that will own boats for the public and offer sailing lessons to increase accessibility to the sport as well as educational opportunities on topics like the gulf and wildlife.
"That's a dream that quite a few of us have at Pensacola Yacht Club," Wilson said.
Madison Arnold can be reached at marnold@pnj.com and 850-435-8522.


text:
Law, politics, religion & history
Archives Select Month January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 April 2011
Follow dwkcommentaries on WordPress.com
dwkcommentaries tags
Alan Gross
Alien Tort Statute (ATS)
Bruno Rodriguez Parrilla
Communist Party of Cuba
Organization of American States (OAS)
Oscar Romero
President Raul Castro
Senator Marco Rubio
Torture Victims Protection Act (TVPA)
U.N. General Assembly
U.N. Human Rights Council
U.S. diplomats in Cuba
U.S. embargo (blockade) of Cuba
U.S. embargo of Cuba
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo
U.S. Senator Marco Rubio
universal jurisdiction
Westminster Presbyterian Church
Finding Posts and Comments on dwkcommentaries
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries–Chronological (2011)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical (ARTS)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: CAMEROON
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: CUBA
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: EDUCATION
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: EL SALVADOR
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: LAW (CRIMINAL JUSTICE)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: LAW (INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT )
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: LAW (REFUGEE & ASYLUM)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: Law (TREATIES)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: LAW (U.S. ALIEN TORT STATUTE)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: LAW (U.S. TORTURE VICTIMS PROTECTION ACT )
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: LAWYERING
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: MISCELLANEOUS
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: MOROCCO
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: PERSONAL
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: RELIGION
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: South Africa & Mandela
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: United States (HISTORY)
List of Posts to dwkcommentaries—Topical: United States (POLITICS)
Report for dwkcommentaries–2011
Report for dwkcommentaries–First Anniversary (April 4, 2012)
The Joy of Blogging
Advocates for Human Rights
American NGO Coalition for the International Criminal Court
Center for Democracy in the Americas
Center for Gender & Refugee Studies
Center for Human Rights & Humanitarian Law
Center for Justice & Accountabilty
Center for Treatment of Victims of Torture (CVT)
EarthRights International
Human Rights First
International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
International Military Tribunal for Germany (Nuremberg Tribunal)
Reparations Center for Victims of War Crimes
Tim's El Salvador Blog
U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights
U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees
U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom
U.S. Senate Hearings on International Criminal Court
U.S. State Department: Human Rights
U.S. State Department: International Religious Freedom
United Nations Organization
University of Minnesota Human Rights Library
Westminster Presbyterian Church (Minneapolis)
Westminster Town Hall Forum
Tag: Cuba Constitution 1902
Resolution of Issues Regarding Cuba-U.S. Lease of Guantanamo Bay
Since the December 17, 2014, announcement of rapprochement, Cuba has voiced at least three demands or issues regarding its lease of Guantanamo Bay to the U.S. The most serious one is ending the lease and returning this territory to complete Cuban control. The second is the U.S.' paying for use of the territory since the Cuban Revolution's takeover of the island in 1959. The third is Cuba's objection to the U.S.' establishing and maintaining a prison for detainees after 9/11 and to the U.S.' alleged mistreatment and torture of those detainees.
Understanding these issues requires an examination of (a) the Cuban war for independence, 1895-1898, and the Spanish-American War of 1898; (b) the terms of seven documents relating to the lease, all of which predate the Cuban Revolution; and (c) the position of the Revolutionary government toward these documents and the lease. [1] In conclusion, this post will discuss methods for resolving these issues.
Before all of that, here are maps and photographs of Guantanamo Bay.
The Cuban War for Independence and the Spanish-American War [2]
In 1895 Cubans started a revolt or war of independence from Spain, which responded with ferocity, launching its "reconcentrado" campaign that herded 300,000 Cubans into re-concentration camps. Spain's tactics infuriated many Americans, who began to raise money and even fight on the side of the Cuban nationalists while American businesses with economic interests on the island were worried about the safety of their investments. U.S. President William McKinley wanted an end to the Cuban-Spanish conflict, but demanded that Spain act responsibly and humanely and that any settlement be acceptable to Cuban nationals.
In November 1897, an amicable resolution appeared possible when the Spanish granted the Cubans limited autonomy and closed the re-concentration camps. But after pro-Spanish demonstrators rioted in Havana in January 1898 to protest Spain's more conciliatory policies, McKinley ordered the U.S. battleship Maine to Havana to protect American citizens and property and to demonstrate that the U.S. still valued Spain's friendship.
With the Maine safely moored in Spanish waters, the Spanish-American relationship was jolted by the publication in a New York newspaper of a letter by the Spanish minister to the U.S. describing McKinley as "weak and a bidder for the admirations of the crowd" and revealing that the Spanish were not negotiating in good faith with the U.S. Americans saw the letter as an attack on both McKinley's and the nation's honor. The American public's anger only intensified following an explosion on the Maine and its sinking on February 15, 1898, in Havana Harbor, killing 266 crew members. The Navy, on March 21, reported that an external explosion, presumably from a Spanish mine, had destroyed the ship.
With diplomatic initiatives exhausted and the American public wanting an end to the Cuban crisis, McKinley, in mid-April 1898, asked Congress for authority to intervene in Cuba, which it granted. Spain soon broke relations with the U.S., and the U.S. blockaded Cuba's ports. On April 23, Spain declared war on the U.S. Two days later the U.S. did likewise with the Teller amendment committing the U.S. to the independence of Cuba once the war had ended, disclaiming "any disposition or intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction or control over said island, except for the pacification thereof."
What became known as the Spanish-American War lasted only a little over three months with U.S. victories in Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines ending in a cease fire on August 12, 1898. Under the Paris Peace Treaty of December 10, 1898, the U.S. obtained Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine Islands while Spain renounced its claim to Cuba, which remained under U.S. military occupation until 1902.
Thereafter, Cuba would be a de facto U.S. protectorate until 1934.
The Lease of Guantanamo Bay
The first five of the seven documents relating to the Guantanamo lease were created during the period that Cuba was a de facto protectorate of the U.S.
Act of Congress (March 2, 1901). On this date, President McKinley signed an Act of Congress that included what was called "the Platt Amendment," which authorized the U.S. President "to leave the government and control of the island of Cuba to its people so soon as a government shall have been established in said island under a constitution which, either as a part thereof or in an ordinance appended thereto, shall define the future relations of the United States with Cuba, [and shall include the following: provisions]:
"I. That the government of Cuba shall never enter into any treaty or other compact with any foreign power or powers which will impair or tend to impair the independence of Cuba, nor in any manner authorize or permit any foreign power or powers to obtain by colonization or for military or naval purposes or otherwise, lodgement in or control over any portion of said island."
"III. That the government of Cuba consents that the [U.S.] may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property, and individual liberty, and for discharging the obligations with respect to Cuba imposed by the treaty of Paris on the [U.S.], now to be assumed and undertaken by the government of Cuba."
""VII. That to enable the [U.S.] to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the people thereof, as well as for its own defense, the government of Cuba will sell or lease to the [U.S.] lands necessary for coaling or naval stations at certain specified points to be agreed upon with the President of the United States."
Constitution of Cuba (May 20, 1902). On this date, the Constitution of the Republic of Cuba was promulgated, and Article VII of its Appendix provided: "To enable the [U.S.] to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the people thereof, as well as for its own defense, the Cuban Government will sell or lease to the [U.S.] the lands necessary for coaling or naval stations, at certain specified points, to be agreed upon with the President of the United States."
U.S.-Cuba Agreement (February 23, 1903). Pursuant to the just mentioned Cuban constitutional provision, on February 23, 1903, the U.S. and Cuba entered into the "Agreement . . . for the Lease of Lands for Coaling and Naval stations." Its Article I stated that Cuba "hereby leases to the United States, for the time required for the purposes of coaling and naval stations, the following described areas of land and water [Guantanamo Bay and Bahia Honda] [3] situated in the Island of Cuba"
This Agreement's Article II stated, "The grant of the foregoing Article shall include the right to use and occupy the waters adjacent to said areas of land and water, and to improve and deepen the entrances thereto and the anchorages therein, and generally to do any and all things necessary to fit the premises for use as coaling or naval stations only, and for no other purpose." (Emphasis added.)
This Agreement concluded in Article III, whereby the U.S. "recognizes the continuance of the ultimate sovereignty of the Republic of Cuba over the above described areas of land and water, on the other hand the Republic of Cuba consents that during the period of the occupation by the [U.S.] of said areas under the terms of this agreement the [U.S.] shall exercise complete jurisdiction and control over and within said areas."
Unlike most leases, this agreement did not set forth a set period of time for the lease or the compensation or rent to be paid.
Treaty between the United States of America and Cuba (May 22, 1903). This treaty in Article I states, "The Government of Cuba shall never enter into any treaty or other compact with any foreign power or powers which will impair or tend to impair the independence of Cuba, nor in any manner authorize or permit any foreign power or powers to obtain by colonization or for military or naval purposes, or otherwise, lodgment in or control over any portion of said island."
Article III provides, "The Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property, and individual liberty, and for discharging the obligations with respect to Cuba imposed by the Treaty of Paris on the United States, now to be assumed and undertaken by the Government of Cuba."
Article VII adds, "To enable the United States to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the people thereof, as well as for its own defense, the Government of Cuba will sell or lease to the United States lands necessary for coaling or naval stations, at certain specified points, to be agreed upon with the President of the United States."
Lease of Certain Areas of Land and Water for Naval or Coaling Stations in Guantanamo and Bahia Honda (July 2, 1903). This instrument details additional terms of the lease in seven articles. Its Article I specified the compensation that the U.S. would pay to Cuba for the leased territories: "the annual sum of two thousand dollars, in gold coin of the United States, as long as the former shall occupy and use said areas of land by virtue of said agreement." Under Article II, the U.S. agreed "that no person, partnership, or corporation shall be permitted to establish or maintain a commercial, industrial or other enterprise within said areas."
There still was no set period of time for the lease of the territory.
On November 12, 1903, Guantánamo Bay Outer Harbor passed into U.S. hands "without any formality" and was "effected in a quiet manner."
Treaty between United States of America and Cuba (May 29, 1934). By 1934 there had been changes in the overall relationship between the two countries. The U.S., pursuing President Franklin D. Roosevelt's "good neighbor" policy, proposed to nullify the previously mentioned May 22, 1903, U.S.-Cuba Treaty. Cuba had become increasingly upset with the earlier treaty's Platt Amendment granting the U.S. the right to intervene in Cuba, and Cuba welcomed the idea of nullifying the 1903 treaty. Negotiations to that end proceeded quickly; and a new Cuban-American Treaty of Relations was signed on May 29, 1934, and after rapid ratifications by both states it entered into force on June 9, 1934. This effectively ended the U.S. de facto protectorate of Cuba.
The 1934 treaty in Article II also stated: "All the acts effected in Cuba by the [U.S.] during its military occupation of the island, up to May 20,1902, the date on which the Republic of Cuba was established, have been ratified and held as valid; and all the rights legally acquired by virtue of those acts shall be maintained and protected."
Article III added the following language with respect to the naval station at Guantánamo Bay: "The supplementary agreement in regard to naval or coaling station signed between the two Governments on July 2, 1903, also shall continue in effect in the same form and on the same conditions with respect to the naval station at Guantánamo. So long as the United States of America shall not abandon the said naval station of Guantánamo or the two Governments shall not agree to a modification of its present limits, the station shall continue to have the territory it now has, with the limits that it has on the date of the signature of the present Treaty."
The implication of Article III is that the U.S. at any time can walk away from the lease at Guantánamo (abandon the base), but the Cubans can never revoke the lease.
Change in Amount of Rent (1938). Although the source document has not been located, secondary sources say the annual rent for Guantanamo was changed in 1938 to $4,085 (U.S. Dollars), which was the 1938 equivalent of $2,000 in U.S. gold coins. That term has never been changed. Indeed, the U.S. documents transmitting the annual rent checks in that amount for 2011, 2012 and 2013 merely refer to the July 2, 1903, Lease while stating the amount of $4,085 was "computed in the manner of which the government of Cuba has been advised in connection with previous rental payments." [4]
Cuba's Revolutionary Government's Positions Regarding the Lease
Soon after the Cuban Revolution took over the government in January 1959, it started calling for the U.S. to get out of Guantanamo. Over time Cuba set out four different, and sometimes contradictory, legal arguments for invalidating the lease. Even though some international law experts thought Cuba had a good argument for such invalidation: rebus sic stantibus (fundamental change of circumstances), [5] Cuba never instituted legal proceedings to that end. In addition, while the U.S.S.R. still existed and was a major Cuban ally, the Soviets argued that the lease was an "unequal treaty," but that legal theory was not embraced by the U.S. and most Western nations.
In addition, Cuba has refused to cash the annual U.S. checks for $4,085 made out to the "Treasurer General of the Republic" (a position that ceased to exist after the Revolution). One such check, however, was cashed in the early days of the Revolution, Cuba says, due to confusion. (Many years ago during a televised interview, Fidel Castro opened a desk drawer in his office to show the collection of uncashed checks.)
At least by 2004, Cuba accepted the lease as valid while asserting that control over Guantanamo "will eventually revert to Cuba because of the nature of the arrangement, ad defined by its domestic law, which prohibits perpetual leases. For example, in 2004, Cuba's Foreign Ministry stated the arrangement "does not grant a perpetual right but a temporary one over that part of our territory, by which, in due course, as a just right of our people, the illegally occupied territory of Guantanamo should be returned by peaceful means to Cuba." In short, said Cuba, the lease is valid, but U.S. occupation of the territory is illegal. This argument is ridiculous, in the opinion of this blogger, a retired U.S. lawyer.
There have been at least two U.S. responses to these Cuban arguments of invalidity of the lease. First, under the international legal principle of pacta sunt servanda (the contract is the law between the parties), the lease remained a valid agreement between the two states and Cuba has a legal obligation to adhere to agreements previously entered into despite a change in governments. [6] Second, the revolutionary government's acceptance of at least one of the annual rent checks was an admission of the lease's validity or a waiver of Cuba's objections thereto.
As a retired U.S. lawyer, without doing any legal research, I see potential issues of lease invalidity due to (a) possible undue influence or coercion by the U.S. in establishing the terms of the original lease in 1903 and the modifications in 1934 and 1938; [7] and (b) the U.S. use of Guantanamo possibly exceeding the uses permitted by the lease. Any such claim, however, would be potentially subject, at least in a domestic legal dispute, to the affirmative defenses of waiver, estoppel, ratification, laches and statute of limitations. [8]
The argument for invalidity based on the U.S. use of Guantanamo has been rejected by Professor Strauss. He notes that the lease permits the use of Guantanamo as a "naval station," which is a term created by the U.S. to allow its Navy to determine the range of activities that could occur at such a "station" and which has been used for fewer functions than a full naval base and more recently as a full naval base. As a result, says Strauss, the limitation on use is "largely meaningless in a practical sense."
In any event, if Cuba now were to assert a right to terminate the lease, over U.S. objection, then I suggest that such a claim should be submitted to a panel of three arbitrators at the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the Hague under its existing Arbitration Rules. Presumably the U.S. in addition to resisting the claim would have a contingent counterclaim (in the event of an arbitration award of termination) for reimbursement for the value of U.S. improvements to the territory.
Such an arbitration proceeding should also include any Cuban claim for compensation for the U.S. use of Guantanamo for 66 years (1960-2015). If, however, such a claims is only for the $4,085 annual rent established in 1938 for a total of $269,610 (without interest), then the claim should be resolved quickly by the U.S. paying the amount of the claim. If, however, the claim is for a higher amount based upon some theory to void the $4,085 figure and instead use a larger amount of alleged fair market value, then presumably such a claim would be contested by the U.S. and a proper claim for arbitration.
Of course, at any time the two parties could negotiate a new lease of Guantanamo, presumably for a specific term of years, with a right of renewal, at a higher and annually adjustable rent. Such a new lease could also impose limits on U.S. use of the territory such as prohibition of the operation of a prison or detention facility.
[1] An excellent overall discussion of the U.S. lease of Guantanamo is contained in Strauss, Cuba and State Responsibility for Human Rights at Guantanamo, 37 So. Ill. Univ. L.J. 533, 533-36 (2013). See also Notes on Guantanamo Bay; Wikipedia, Guantanamo Bay Navy Base.
[2] This brief summary of the two wars is based on American President: William McKinley: Foreign Affairs, Miller Center, Univ. Virginia.
[3] Bahia Honda was never used by the U.S. and reverted to Cuban control.
[4] Boadle, Castro: Cuba not cashing US Guantanamo rent checks, Reuters (Aug. 17, 2007); Shiffer, Annual rent for Girmo Naval Base: $4,085, payable to Cuba, StarTribune (Oct. 10, 2014) (contains U.S. transmittal advices for rental checks for 2011, 2012 and 2013).
[5] The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties that entered into force on January 20, 1980, sets forth "the codification and progressive development of the law of treaties," which are "international agreement[s] concluded between States in written form and governed by international law." (Preamble & Art. 2(1)(a).) Its Article 62 recognizes a "fundamental change of circumstances" as a ground for "terminating or withdrawing from" a treaty and defines the conditions for such a ground. Cuba is a party to the treaty, and although the U.S. is not, the State Department has said that this Convention "is already generally recognized as the authoritative guide to current treaty law and practice." (David Weissbrodt, Fionnuala Ni Aolain, Joan Fitzpatrick, Frank Newman, International Human Rights: Law, Policy, and Process at 127-28 (4th ed. LexisNexis 2009).)
[6] The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties notes that "the principles of free consent and of good faith and pacta sunt servanda are universally recognized" and its Article 26 under the heading "Pacta sunt servanda" states, "Every treaty in force is binding upon the parties to it and must be performed by them in good faith."
[7] The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties in Article 52 provides, "A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations."
[8] The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties provides in Article 45 that a "State may no longer invoke [breach by the other party or fundamental change of circumstances] if, after becoming aware of the facts: (a) it shall have expressly agreed that the treaty is valid or remains in force or continues in operation . . .; or (b) it must by reason of its conduct be considered as having acquiesced in the validity of the treaty or its maintenance in force or in operation . . . ."
Posted on April 4, 2015 Categories History, Law, Other countries, PoliticsTags "fundamental change of circumstances", "good neighbor policy", "naval station", 9/11, Bahia Honda Cuba, coercion, Cuba, Cuba Constitution 1902, Cuba war for independence, Cuban Revolution, estoppel, Fidel Castro, Guantanamo Bay Cuba, Havana Cuba, laches, lease, pacta sunt servanda, Paris Peace Treaty 1898, Permanent Court of Arbitration, Philippines, Platt Amendment, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, President William McKinley, prison, Puerto Rico, ratification, rebus sic stantibus, reconciliation, Spain, Spanish-American War, U.S. battleship Maine, U.S.-Cuba Treaty (22 May 1903), U.S.-Cuba Treaty (29 May 1934), U.S.S.R., undue influence, United States of America (USA), Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties, waiver26 Comments on Resolution of Issues Regarding Cuba-U.S. Lease of Guantanamo Bay