Healthy residing begins proper now. As such, it's clear that there are significantly wider differences between EU Member States when it comes to the quality of life (health clever) that their respective populations could expect to reside, compared with the general variations in life expectancy. In 2015, a lady born in Portugal might count on to dwell simply lower than two thirds (65 %) of her life free from any limitation, a share that rose to 88 % in Sweden and 89 % in Malta. In 2015, men born in Estonia and Austria might expect to stay seventy three % of their lives free from any exercise limitation, a share that rose to as high as ninety one % in Malta and 92 % in Sweden.
At Healthy Way of life Festival SG, well being tips and good habits come to you in a carnival stuffed with activities. Head down with your family and learn to make life more healthy, whereas enjoying it to the fullest. Click on here to go to the d-HealthyLife web site. Although there are measures we are able to take to help us live a long and wholesome life, there may be a component of luck concerned – relying on our DNA.
Embrace residing your life to the fullest. Study to organize more healthy food wealthy in calcium and protein. Get home enchancment tips to prevent falls. Pick up workouts you are able to do wherever. And catch a skit on the best way to recognise and handle dementia. Do not allow a brand new behavior to get boring – remember, selection is the spice of life. For instance, if you go for a stroll a number of times every week, do not feel it's important to stick to precisely the identical route. Go a distinct manner via your local park, or explore a brand new route altogether.
However the huge enchilada, as this extraordinarily complete examine clearly demonstrates, is how individuals live their lives: whether they smoke, what and how much they eat, and whether or not they abuse alcohol or medicine. These, together with high ranges of blood sugar and blood stress, each of that are influenced by diet, are the principle elements dictating poor well being.
Wholesome Living Step No. 3 Transfer more. four. The responsibility for managing your continual ache day-to-day rests with you, not anybody else. Many individuals may be of assist to you — your loved ones and buddies, your well being care crew. But, ultimately, the duty for self-management is yours. There are lots of ways to get the assist it is advisable to assist keep healthy. An important step is finding an excellent GP (basic practitioner) you are comfy discussing your well being with.


A dark romance secretly blossoms from the life blood of a once broken heart. Stunning gothic necklace in fine pewter.
Swarovski crystals sparkle beneath a bed of red enamel blood in the center of this elegant Victorian style Gothic necklace. Fine pewter with a crystal accent drop comes on a 20.5 inch split chain.
Centerpiece is 4.41 inches wide, 3.45 inches wide.
Item Number: AG-P721 | Approximate Size (Inches): 4.41 wide x 0.71 deep x 3.46 high | Approximate Shipping Weight: 0.25 lbs.
Swarovski crystals glitter from beneath the bright red enamel. Amazingly detailed watch in pewter with a fine ..
Unique piece by Alchemy Gothic in fine English pewter with surgical steel post - cannot really call it an ear ..
Pair of earrings made of the finest English Pewter with surgical steel posts by Alchemy Gothic. &..


TORONTO (June 21) – Welcome, officially, to summer.
Every year at this time – prior to the National Hockey League's "silly season" – fans in the big markets begin to dream in technicolor. This market, in particular, hungers for any morsel of information – real or imagined – that may augment the only NHL club to have not made the playoffs in an 82-game season since the 2005 lockout.
But, ardent followers of the Toronto Maple Leafs – disenchanted by years of unfulfilled promise – have wizened up in the past decade. The intelligent among them are now immune to flowery words and catch-phrases. Young Leaf rooters have absolutely no concept of team success – the seven-game playoff whoops! against Boston in May 2013 being their lone (and bitter) taste. Consider that a hockey enthusiast in this city has to be in his/her early-20's to have even the faintest recollection of the 2002 playoffs, when the Maple Leafs last skated in the Conference final – losing in six games to Carolina. As for the Stanley Cup final… well, even somebody my age has to strain the memory. And I'm 55. The Centennial Year championship under Punch Imlach is best recalled by those in their 60's and 70's. Yes, it really has been that long.
A HOCKEY FAN IN HIS OR HER LATE-'TEENS WOULD STILL NOT REMEMBER PAT QUINN LEADING THE MAPLE LEAFS TO THE STANLEY CUP SEMIFINALS IN 2002.
We must therefore look at the Maple Leafs through a 20/20 lens. And consider – pragmatically – what to expect from the club this summer.
In the context of free agency, and as it pertains to an impact player, only one question need be pondered: Is Toronto, at this point, an appealing alternative for an individual with multiple options? The easy, impulsive answer is "no" but there are factors to consider beyond the plight of the Maple Leafs. Those, for example, that have performed well in a tepid hockey market may wish ply their trade in a city where people live and breathe the game. Marketing opportunity abounds for virtually anyone that pulls on the Blue and White jersey. Others will be attracted to a clean, vibrant city with the same traffic nightmare as less-clean, vibrant cities. New direction at the top with Brendan Shanahan may signal a halt to the downward spiral (though we've heard that from others). Most alluring, of course, is the ethereal notion of one day raising the Stanley Cup in this town for the first time since 1967 and being part of a group that eradicates the longest-such famine. So, yes, there is, and likely always will be, incentive to play hockey in our burgh.
Obviously, there is a weighted flip-side that includes – in no particular order – having to repeatedly experience and answer for failure; attempting to move around in a municipal hell-hole that sanctions road construction on every north-south artery at the same time, plus the likelihood of being recognized and disturbed anywhere outside the home. People will say this comes with the territory and lifetime financial security, but the latter can be attained in less-maniacal hockey territory amid such weather climes as Florida and California. So, the downside of joining the Maple Leafs – especially at this juncture – is considerable.
THERE IS NOTHING INDIFFERENT ABOUT HOCKEY IN TORONTO AND SMILES CAN TURN TO FROWNS VERY QUICKLY. IT IS NOT EVERY PLAYER'S CUP OF TEA.
Such reticence has not been noticeable through the years with one prime exception: Since the advent of unrestricted free agency in 1995, the Maple Leafs have only once attracted the clear plumb of the crop – Curtis Joseph in 1998. And it wouldn't have happened had Ken Dryden and Don Meehan not bumped into each other while buying ice cream one night in early July. Despite his subsequent performance, an argument can be made that David Clarkson was the best available UFA last summer. After seasons of 17 and 30 goals in New Jersey, the feisty Clarkson chose – amid a number of options – to play in his home town.
Others have done the same, with varying results.
Gary Roberts, Steve Thomas (born in England but raised here) and Joe Nieuwendyk played well for the Maple Leafs. Roberts and Nieuwendyk couldn't wait to pull on the blue-and-white jersey and couldn't wait to tear the damned thing off – together – in the summer of 2005.
When considering the repercussion of free agency, one factor stands alone: It is virtually impossible to buy a Stanley Cup team. The great champions of the past 20 years – New Jersey, Detroit, Chicago, Los Angeles – have deployed the traditional, tried-and-true method of drafting well; developing from within and prudently trading for reinforcement. Drew Doughty may be the best hockey player on Earth right now. The Kings chose him second overall in 2008, knowing he would become a franchise cornerstone. Doughty and the Kings won the Stanley Cup in 2012 before falling off a year ago. Seeking another opportunity this season – but fighting to score goals – general manager Dean Lombardi added Marian Gaborik from Columbus at the trade deadline. The result? Fourteen goals from Gaborik in 26 playoff games and a second Stanley Cup. Patrick Kane, Johnathan Toews, Duncan Keith, Brent Seabrook and Corey Crawford were all drafted and developed by the two-time-champion Blackhawks. Martin Brodeur, Scott Niedermayer and Patrick Elias were products of the Devils' system and virtually the entire Detroit roster sprang from the draft – a particular credit to the eagle-eye of chief European scout Haaken Andersson.
So, it's best to not get all crazy in the hours before July 1.
Unless Paul Stastny is available; absolutely wants to play here in Toronto, and David Nonis can afford him, the Leafs aren't going to be made or broken in free agency. That won't stop countless hockey zealots from breathlessly plopping in front of their TVs one week from Tuesday, but the entertainment and banter will far out-strip anything tangible from the millions being tossed about. A fan of the Maple Leafs should be more interested in trade options that could revamp a foundering nucleus and in the club continuing to nurture its decent stable of prospects. If Nonis chooses to veer from the aforementioned, nothing he accomplishes in free agency will bear results.
The proof is in the pudding – and engraved on the Stanley Cup.
Back in the 1960's, while going for my bi-weekly brush-cut, it was exciting to look around the barber shop for the Maple Leaf Gardens calendar sponsored each year by the EXPORT line of Canadian cigarettes. These were gorgeous items – 25½ inches in height; 16½ inches wide – with sparkling color photos and accents over dates on which the Leafs played. I had several of them from the 1970's but I was given a number of older ones in 2000 by a former Maple Leafs doctor.
THE MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPIONS OF 1963-64 HAD A NUMBER OF FAMILIAR FACES. HAROLD BALLARD IS IN MIDDLE OF THE FRONT ROW. TO BALLARD'S LEFT ARE PETER STEMKOWSKI, COACH JIM GREGORY AND ROD SEILING. FUTURE LEAFS MIKE WALTON AND RON ELLIS ARE PLAYERS FLANKING THE MIDDLE ROW. JIM McKENNY IS SECOND-FROM-RIGHT AMONG PLAYERS IN THE THIRD ROW. AND BRIT SELBY IS IN FAR-RIGHT OF THE FOURTH ROW. SELBY WOULD WIN THE CALDER TROPHY TWO YEARS LATER.
MY FIRST LEAFS GAME WAS SATURDAY, DEC. 3, 1966 vs. DETROIT.
PHOTOS OF MINOR LEAGUE CHAMPIONS WERE PART OF CALENDAR.
YOU MIGHT RECOGNIZE THE PLAYER IN MIDDLE OF THE SECOND ROW. HE'S ON TV IN CANADA EVERY SATURDAY NIGHT. DON CHERRY WAS A DEFENSEMAN WITH THE AHL-CHAMPION ROCHESTER AMERICANS IN 1963-64. TO CHERRY'S LEFT IN THIS PHOTO IS FUTURE HALL-OF-FAME COACH AL ARBOUR – ALSO A DEFENSEMAN.
IN OCTOBER 1967, THE MAPLE LEAFS PLAYED PLAYED EXPANSION TEAMS FOR THE FIRST TIME – HOSTING LOS ANGELES KINGS ON THE 25TH AND CALIFORNIA SEALS THREE NIGHTS LATER. THE NHL GREW FROM SIX TO 12 CLUBS THAT SEASON.
MORE FUTURE LEAFS AND NHLers WERE PART OF THE 1966-67 MEMORIAL CUP CHAMPS. BRIAN GLENNIE WAS THE MARLIES CAPTAIN (MIDDLE OF ROW 1). GLENNIE WAS FLANKED BY STAFFORD SMYTHE TO HIS RIGHT AND HAROLD BALLARD TO HIS LEFT. HALL-OF-FAMER BRAD PARK IS SECOND-FROM-LEFT IN THE SECOND ROW. AND FUTURE LEAFS DEFENSEMAN MIKE PELYK IS FOURTH-FROM-RIGHT IN THE SECOND ROW.
MARCH 1968 WAS A BUSY MONTH AT THE GARDENS. ON SUNDAY THE 3rd, LEAFS TRADED FRANK MAHOVLICH TO DETROIT IN THE MULTI-PLAYER DEAL THAT BROUGHT NORM ULLMAN AND PAUL HENDERSON TO TORONTO. ON MAR. 7, THE GARDENS WAS SITE OF A GAME BETWEEN BOSTON AND PHILADELPHIA THAT FEATURED A LEGENDARY STICK-FIGHT BETWEEN EDDIE SHACK OF THE BRUINS AND LARRY ZEIDEL OF THE EXPANSION FLYERS. PHILLY PLAYED A "HOME" GAME IN TORONTO WHILE ROOF-DAMAGE TO THE SPECTRUM WAS BEING REPAIRED. AND MAHOVLICH PLAYED HIS FIRST GAME AS A RED WING AT THE GARDENS ON MAR. 9. HE SCORED EARLY ON BRUCE GAMBLE BUT LEAFS SCRAMBLED BACK FROM A 4-0 DEFICIT TO WIN THE MATCH, 7-5.


Have a close look at these two images and see if you can spot a significant difference between them.
OK, the title and the author's name are a lighter colour in #1, but that isn't it. No, it's the typo in the subtitle. "A portal to the Herert West Series." A typo on a cover image! A cover image designed by the author herself, i.e., moi.
I published this short story in September — six whole months ago — and didn't notice that error until last night, when I ran across the cover image on some website. I was admiring how all the elements worked together, when I saw it. "Herert," not "Herbert." I messed up the name of the main character of my series. How bad is that?
OK, it could have been worse; at least the typo isn't in the actual title or the author's name. And the font I used for the subtitle is called Sacramento, described as "a monoline, semi-connected script." It's pretty, but barely legible in thumbnails and other small images. At least I spelled everything correctly in the book's listings in ebook stores. Maybe most people don't bother to enlarge cover images and scrutinize them.
I have, of course, corrected the error and uploaded the corrected image to the relevant sites. But it takes a while for a change to trickle through the internet, and quite a few copies were downloaded before I found the mistake. Which means the flawed image is still out there, waiting to be noticed.
First, it's a reminder to pay attention. Always double, triple and quadruple check the spelling of titles, subtitles, author names and any other text that appears on a cover. Whether it was designed by you, a friend or a professional designer — before you approve it, check, check, check!
Second, those error-bearing covers may become valuable rarities sought by collectors, sort of like postage stamps with a monarch's head printed upside down. "Ah yes, the rare 'Herert' edition. Very few exist." Well, maybe if I become posthumously famous. You never know.
Aaaarrrrrgggghhh! That is painful. So glad you spotted it, though, and were able to correct it yourself. I'd better go back and re-proofread my own covers!
I'm glad I spotted it before anyone else brought it to my attention. A point in favour of marginally legible fonts!
I realised a few months after releasing Who Among Us… all the dates and times were out by twelve months. The activities ran concurrently in three books, but were all misaligned. One of the advantages of not selling any books is that nobody notices these things.
WordPressers are above such sentiments, surely! Everyone was so bowled over by the overall quality of my designs, they overlooked the typo — just like me!
I've wrestled with chronological issues in my books too. At one time I was convinced there was a problem of the sort you describe, but I couldn't figure out if it really existed, so let it go. No one has ever pointed it out, at any rate, but as you say it may be because not enough people have read my books for the right sort of critic to emerge.


text:
Home > Events > The Social and Economic Life of Money: From the Medieval to the Modern
The Social and Economic Life of Money: From the Medieval to the Modern
26 January, 10:00 am - 5:00 pm
Recent research on the history of money has drawn attention to the changing use and representation of money in its social, economic and cultural contexts. In particular, the subjectivity or 'symbolism' of money has been shown to have had impacts on changing notions of individualism, gender, and morality, as well as processes of economic and social change. Yet these histories have remained firmly siloed within the separate scholarship of distinct periods.
Early modern scholarship on the social life of money has provided a means for understanding the transition from the fundamentally entwined social and economic practices of the medieval era to the supposedly-disembedded economic behaviours of the modern world. However, scholars of the medieval and modern periods have yet to examine these questions in the same depth and or with the same criticality as their early modernist counterparts, let alone ranging across periods.
Funded and organised jointly by the Social History Society and the Economic History Society, which both have a special interest in the history of money but for very different reasons, this one-day workshop will bring together scholars of the history of money in the medieval, early modern and modern periods. Our particular focus will be on the social meanings and rituals surrounding changing economic practices of payment and non-payment in each period. It is hoped that by providing a platform for further discussion and by bringing together different perspectives on the subject, new avenues of research may be revealed.
There is a £10 registration fee for non-speakers. As spaces are limited, please RSVP by contacting the organisers:- Dr George Gosling, University of Wolverhampton (gcgosling@wlv.ac.uk)- Dr Matthew Pawelski, University of Lancaster (m.pawelski@lancaster.ac.uk)
Confirmed speakers:-
Dr Kate Bradley, University of Kent
Prof Christopher Dyer, University of Leicester
Prof Craig Muldrew, University of Cambridge
Prof Anne Murphy, University of Hertfordshire
Dr Hannah Robb, University of Manchester
Dr Sarah Roddy, University of Manchester
For the full programme, please visit http://socialhistory.org.uk/shs_event/money-history/
Location: Institute of Historical Research, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Ghost of Lord Farquaad (ook wel bekend als Shrek's Never Before Seen Adventure) is een Amerikaanse korte film geregisseerd door Simon J. Smith en  geproduceerd door DreamWorks Animation. Het is de tweede korte film van de Shrek-franchise en duurt 13 minuten inclusief aftiteling. Het verscheen voor het eerst op 23 mei 2003 als korte film in de pretparkattractie Shrek 4-D en is dus oorspronkelijk bedoeld als een 4D-film. Later verscheen deze korte film samen met de eerste langspeelfilm Shrek en een preview op Shrek 2 op een dvd-box genaamd Shrek 3-D. In 2007 verscheen deze korte film ook op de Amerikaanse televisiezender Nickelodeon als Shrek's Never Before Seen Adventure. In 2011 verscheen het op Netflix opnieuw onder deze naam. In 2012 verscheen er een dvd-box met drie korte films van Dreamworks genaamd Shrek's Thrilling Tales waaronder deze korte film opnieuw onder deze naam verscheen. De korte film werd ook nog vertoond tijdens de 3D-premières van een paar belangrijke Dreamworks-films zoals Puss in Boots en Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted.

Verhaal

Het verhaal speelt zich af na de gebeurtenissen in de voorgaande korte film en dus ook de eerste langspeelfilm, maar nog altijd vóór de gebeurtenissen in de tweede langspeelfilm in deze franchise. Shrek, Fiona en Donkey zijn onderweg naar hun hotel tijdens de huwelijksreis van Shrek en Fiona. Ze zijn echter verdwaald. Dankzij de kaart vindt Shrek echter een kortere weg door een uiterst woest land. Donkey is doodsbang, maar Shrek lacht het weg. Ondertussen komt er een ruiter pijlsnel aangereden. Het blijkt Thelonius te zijn (de beul van Lord Farquaad). Hij ontvoert vervolgens Fiona. Shrek en Donkey nemen hun koets en zetten de achtervolging in. De achtervolging passeert het peperkoekenhuisje met de Peperkoeken man. De ruiter springt met gemak over het huis, maar Shrek en Donkey kunnen hun koets niet meer laten ontwijken waardoor ze erdoor gaan. Hierbij nemen ze de Peperkoeken man tijdelijk mee, maar die valt er na een tijdje af. Uiteindelijk komen ze terecht bij een kerkhof aan de andere kant van een kloof. Hier veranderen de paarden van de koets terug in de blinde muizen.

Vervolgens treffen Shrek en Donkey het graf van Lord Farquaad. Lord Farquaad's geest blijkt nog rond te dwalen en zit achter de ontvoering van Fiona. Vervolgens stuurt hij een tot leven gewekt standbeeld van een draak op Shrek en Donkey af. Donkey roept echter zijn vrouw (de draak), die hen redt. Daarna gaan Shrek, Donkey en de draak terug achter Thelonius en Fiona aan. Ondertussen blijkt dat Lord Farquaad over de onderwereld wil heersen. Hiervoor heeft hij de geest van Fiona als koningin nodig en wil hij haar dus vermoorden. Dit gebeurt op een zeer wilde rivier, maar Fiona slaat Thelonius in het water, waarbij hij van de waterval valt. Lord Farquaad doet geen moeite om zijn volgeling te redden. Shrek, Donkey en de draak bereiken vervolgens Fiona. Shrek en Donkey gaan haar op het vlot redden, maar belanden in de waterval waarbij ze tijdelijk gered worden door Thelonius. De draak redt hen en vernietigt de geest van Lord Farquaad.

Uiteindelijk komen ze veilig aan in Hotel Honeymoon om hun huwelijksreis door te brengen. Donkey en de draak gaan naar huis. Pinokkio, de Peperkoeken man, de blinde muizen en anderen blijken ook in het hotel terechtgekomen te zijn.

Rolverdeling

Shrek
Korte film
Film van DreamWorks Animation
Computeranimatiefilm
Amerikaanse film
Film uit 2003
Kinderfilm
Komische film
Attractie in Universal Studios Florida
Universal Studios Hollywood
Universal Studios Japan
Universal Studios Singapore
Attractie in Movie Park Germany

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
"chemical"×
All Aberdeen (1)Glasgow (1)London (1)Scotland (2)UK (3)United Kingdom (3)
All Social Science & Health (3)
Analytical Chemistry (1)
Civil & Structural Engineering (1)
Electrical & Electronic (1)
Information Science (1)
Modern Languages & Linguistics (1)
Operational Research (1)
Pharmacology / Toxicology (1)
Pharmacy / Pharmaceutics (1)
Political Science & International Studies (3)
Psychology & Psychiatry (1)
▼ expand
Also Include... Analytical Chemistry (1) Applied Mathematics (1) Architecture & the Built Environment (1) Biotechnology (1) Chemical Engineering (2) Civil & Structural Engineering (1) Communication, Cultural & Media Studies (2) Computer Science & IT (1) Data Analysis (1) Economics (1) Education (1) Electrical & Electronic (1) Electrochemistry (1) Energy (1) Environmental Chemistry (1) Environmental Engineering (2) Environmental Science (1) Evolution (1) Fluid Dynamics (1) Forensic Science (1) Genetics (1) Geography (1) Geology (1) History (1) Information Science (1) Law (1) Manufacturing (1) Materials Science (1) Mathematics (1) Mechanical Engineering (1) Modern Languages & Linguistics (1) Molecular Biology (1) Operational Research (1) Pharmacology / Toxicology (1) Pharmacy / Pharmaceutics (1) Philosophy (1) Psychology & Psychiatry (1) Radiation (1) Semiconductors (1) Sociology (1) Software Engineering (1) Statistics (1) Telecommunications (1)
All Aberdeen University (1)University College London (1)University of Strathclyde (1)
All EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training (1) Leverhulme Doctoral Scholarships Programme (1) PhD Research Project (1)
All I am a UK student (3) I am a European student (exc UK) (2) I am a self-funded student (3)
Political Science & International Studies (chemical) PhD Projects, Programs & Scholarships
We have 3 Political Science & International Studies (chemical) PhD Projects, Programs & Scholarships
Keywords: "chemical" ×
Subject: Political Science & International Studies×
Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) in Sustainable Production of Chemicals and Materials
Aberdeen University
Leverhulme Doctoral Scholarships Programme
Leverhulme Doctoral Scholarships are provided by the Leverhulme Trust, an independent research charity. They fund PhD research in priority areas selected by universities, with support for up to five students per year at each institution.
Funded PhD Programme (European/UK Students Only)
Some or all of the PhD opportunities in this programme have funding attached. It is available to citizens of a number of European countries (including the UK). In most cases this will include all EU nationals. However full funding may not be available to all applicants and you should read the full programme details for further information.
The University of Aberdeen has been awarded over £1million in funding to establish a centre that will train a new generation of researchers to develop technologies that convert organic waste into sustainable materials.
Scholarships available for SECReT: The International Training Centre for Security and Crime Related Research Degrees
UCL SECReT
EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training
EPSRC Centres for Doctoral Training conduct research and training in priority areas funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Potential PhD topics are usually defined in advance. Students may receive additional training and development opportunities as part of their programme.
Funded PhD Programme (UK Students Only)
Some or all of the PhD opportunities in this programme have funding attached. It is only available to UK citizens or those who have been resident in the UK for a period of 3 years or more. Some projects, which are funded by charities or by the universities themselves may have more stringent restrictions.
UCL SECReT is the international centre for training in security and crime related research degrees, the first centre of its kind in Europe.
Investigating secondary nucleation at the microscale using optical tweezing
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering
Dr M Haw, Prof J Sefcik
Applications accepted all year round
PhD Research Project
PhD Research Projects are advertised opportunities to examine a pre-defined topic or answer a stated research question. Some projects may also provide scope for you to propose your own ideas and approaches.
Funded PhD Project (European/UK Students Only)
This project has funding attached for UK and EU students, though the amount may depend on your nationality. Non-EU students may still be able to apply for the project provided they can find separate funding. You should check the project and department details for more information.
In secondary nucleation, already formed 'seed' primary crystal nuclei generate new secondary nuclei in response to a varied range of stimuli such as mechanical disturbance, shear stress from flow and the presence of impurities.


I never was a fan of arugula rather bitter taste, but lately I have weird cravings for it, so I had to get inventive.
As it appears peach does a great job helping balancing arugula in this salad. So if you are like me: trying to get arugula in your diet while not actually liking the taste, this salad is for you.
Parmesan and pine nuts are great addition too.


text:
Justia › US Law › Case Law › Federal Courts › Courts of Appeals › Third Circuit › 1983 › United States of America Ex Rel. Lawrence Forman, Appellee, v. Cecil Mccall, Chairman, United States...
Receive free daily summaries of new opinions from the US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
United States of America Ex Rel. Lawrence Forman, Appellee, v. Cecil Mccall, Chairman, United States Parole Commission,united States Parole Commission, Appellant, 709 F.2d 852 (3d Cir. 1983)
US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit - 709 F.2d 852 (3d Cir. 1983)
Argued Jan. 11, 1983. Decided June 10, 1983
Herbert L. Zuckerman, Sills, Beck, Cummis, Zuckerman, Radin & Tischman, Newark, N.J., Louise O. Knight (argued), Clement & Knight, Lewisburg, Pa., for appellee.
David Dart Queen, U.S. Atty., Barbara L. Kosik, Asst. U.S. Atty., Harrisburg, Pa., Henry J. Sadowski, (argued), Regional Counsel, U.S. Parole Commission, Philadelphia, Pa., for appellant.
Before WEIS, SLOVITER and BECKER, Circuit Judges.
OPINION OF THE COURT
BECKER, Circuit Judge.
This appeal presents the question whether the application of United States Parole Commission guidelines promulgated in 1979 to an individual convicted of offenses committed between 1967 and 1974, when a prior set of guidelines was in effect, violates the ex post facto clause of the United States Constitution.1 Subsumed within this determination is the question whether the guidelines constitute "laws" within the meaning of the ex post facto clause. The district court, relying on our opinion in Geraghty v. United States Parole Commission, 579 F.2d 238 (3d Cir. 1978), vacated and remanded on other grounds, 445 U.S. 388, 100 S. Ct. 1202, 63 L. Ed. 2d 479 (1980),2 held that the guidelines constitute "laws" for ex post facto purposes and that their application in this case violated the ex post facto clause. The Parole Commission, noting the Supreme Court's vacatur of Geraghty, argues that Geraghty no longer stands as controlling precedent and that this Court should follow the other courts of appeals that have held that the guidelines do not constitute "laws."
We reject the Commission's contentions and will reaffirm Geraghty 's holding that the retroactive application of parole guidelines may constitute a violation of the ex post facto clause. Geraghty did not definitively decide the matter, however, because we there regarded as a factual issue the predicate question whether, in terms of the Parole Commission's actual practice, the guidelines have the effect of "laws" on the Commission's decisionmaking or whether they constitute mere guideposts facilitating the exercise of the Commission's discretion to establish presumptive parole dates for incarcerated offenders. We therefore remanded in Geraghty so that the district court could make the requisite findings of fact as to the operation of the guidelines. In reaffirming Geraghty, we again adopt that approach. Because the district court, notwithstanding its reliance on Geraghty, did not make findings as to the role of discretion in decisionmaking under the guidelines, we will vacate the judgment of the district court and remand the case so that such findings may be made.
Appellee Lawrence Forman and his associate Lester Genser were, from 1957 until early 1973, the president and vice president, respectively, of Genser-Forman, Inc., which was at the time the sole distributor in the northeastern United States of Triumph automobiles and parts for British Leyland Motors, Inc. On April 13, 1976, a federal grand jury indicted Forman and Genser for violating 18 U.S.C. § 371 (1976) and 26 U.S.C. §§ 7201 and 7206(1) (1976) (amended 1982). The indictment alleged that the two men had conspired to evade, and did evade, more than $2,000,000 in corporate and personal income tax by subscribing to tax returns that understated both gross corporate profits and personal income. On September 30, 1976, a jury returned a verdict of guilty on all counts of the indictment; on November 11, 1976, the trial judge sentenced Forman and Genser3 each to an eight-year "regular adult" term of imprisonment. This Court affirmed the convictions, United States v. Genser, 582 F.2d 292 (3d Cir. 1978); 595 F.2d 146 (3d Cir. 1979); 602 F.2d 69 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 928, 100 S. Ct. 269, 62 L. Ed. 2d 185 (1979), and Forman entered Allenwood Federal Prison Camp on November 5, 1979.
On February 5, 1980, Forman received his initial parole hearing, the purpose of which was to determine his "presumptive release date," i.e., the date on which Forman presumably would be released on parole from Allenwood.4 To make this prediction, the Parole Commission applied its Adult Guidelines for Parole Decisionmaking ("parole guidelines") promulgated in 1979, see 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1979),5 and eventually set November 5, 1982--thirty-six months from the date on which Forman entered prisonas his presumptive parole date. The Regional Commissioner also sent to Forman a Notice of Action, dated February 27, 1980, which stated:
Your offense behavior has been rated as Greatest I severity because the amount of tax liability exceeded $500,000. You have a salient factor score of 11. You have been in custody a total of 3 months. Guidelines established by the commission for adult cases which consider the above factors indicate a range of 40-52 months to be served before release for cases with good institutional program performance and adjustment. After review of all relevant factors and information presented, a decision below the guidelines appears warranted because: the following circumstances are present: You have already repaid the government the outstanding taxes and penalty representing triple damages and in addition have satisfied your committed fine.
Forman appealed the decision to the Commission's National Appeals Board, which upheld the Regional Commissioner on October 7, 1980.
On April 29, 1981, Forman filed a petition in the District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241 (1976). The petition raised the claim, inter alia, that the Parole Commission had violated the ex post facto clause in using the 1979 parole guidelines instead of those in effect at the time of Forman's sentencing in November 1976.6 United States ex rel. Forman v. McCall, No. 81-0553, slip op. at 1 (M.D. Pa. Oct. 9, 1981). The matter initially was referred to a United States Magistrate, who recommended that the writ of habeas corpus be denied. United States ex rel. Forman v. McCall, No. 81-0553 (M.D. Pa. June 30, 1981) (Report of Magistrate). The district judge, however, rejected the magistrate's ruling, held that the application of the 1979 guidelines to Forman violated the ex post facto clause, and ordered the Commission to afford Forman a new parole hearing to be conducted in accordance with the guidelines in effect at the time of the 1976 sentencing.7
On November 30, 1981, Forman received the new parole hearing ordered by the district court. After several levels of administrative review, the National Appeals Board advanced Forman's presumptive release date from November 5, 1982, to June 25, 1982, thereby reducing the time to be served from thirty-six to approximately thirty-two months.8 Forman was released on parole from Allenwood as scheduled, on June 25, 1982, after signing a Certificate of Parole noting that the early release was being granted solely to comply with the district court's order. The Certificate reserved to the Commission the right to reincarcerate Forman should this Court reverse or vacate the district court's judgment.9
The Commission has appealed from the district court's judgment, contending (1) that the court erred as a matter of law in selecting the date of sentencing, rather than the date of the offense, as the focal point of ex post facto analysis, and (2) that the ex post facto clause does not bar the application to a convicted offender of parole guidelines promulgated after the date of the relevant offense. We address these contentions in turn.
II. The Focal Point of Ex Post Facto Analysis: Date of Sentencing or Date of Offense?
It is a fundamental principle of ex post facto jurisprudence that a court entertaining an ex post facto claim must focus upon the law in effect at the time of the offense for which a person is being punished. See, e.g., Weaver v. Graham, 450 U.S. 24, 25, 101 S. Ct. 960, 962, 67 L. Ed. 2d 17 (1981); Welsh v. Mizell, 668 F.2d 328, 330 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 103 S. Ct. 235, 74 L. Ed. 2d 186 (1982); Hayward v. United States Parole Commission, 659 F.2d 857, 862 (8th Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 456 U.S. 935, 102 S. Ct. 1991, 72 L. Ed. 2d 454 (1982); Rodriguez v. United States Parole Commission, 594 F.2d 170, 175 n. 6 (7th Cir. 1979). Indeed, to the extent that the prohibition against ex post facto laws represents the vehicle by which "the Framers sought to assure that legislative Acts give fair warning of their effect and permit individuals to rely on their meaning until explicitly changed," Weaver v. Graham, supra, 450 U.S. at 28-29, 101 S. Ct. at 963-964, the clause can fulfill its meaning and purpose only if a court looks to the law in effect at the time the actor committed the act now being punished.
We therefore reject the argument that, because parole eligibility might effectively be determined at the time of sentencing, see 18 U.S.C. § 4205 (1976), the sentencing date should be the focal point for ex post facto analysis; accordingly, we will discuss Forman's ex post facto claim in terms of the parole scheme in effect at the time of his offense. The indictment, returned in 1976, charged Forman with participating in a conspiracy " [f]rom at least as early as January 1, 1967 ... up to the date of the filing of this indictment," United States v. Genser, No. 76-146 (D.N.J. April 13, 1976) (Indictment, Count I, p 4), and alleged as one overt act a conversation that took place " [o]n or about October 27, 1974," id., Count I, p 21. (Forman was convicted on Count I.) It thus appears that Forman's offense was not completed until at least October 1974, well into the era of the parole guidelines, which first were promulgated nationwide on November 19, 1973, see 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.52, 38 Fed.Reg. 31942, 31945 (Nov. 19, 1973). The proper comparison, therefore, is between the 197410 and the 1979 guidelines, rather than between the 1976 and 1979 guidelines.11
III. The Parole Guidelines and the Ex Post Facto Clause
Having established the 1974 guidelines as the appropriate focus for ex post facto purposes, we now turn to the ex post facto question itself. As the Supreme Court held almost sixty years ago:
It is settled, by decisions of this Court so well known that their citation may be dispensed with, that any statute which punishes as a crime an act previously committed, which was innocent when done; which makes more burdensome the punishment for a crime, after its commission, or which deprives one charged with crime of any defense available according to law at the time when the act was committed, is prohibited as ex post facto. The constitutional prohibition and the judicial interpretation of it rest upon the notion that laws, whatever their form, which purport to make innocent acts criminal after the event, or to aggravate an offense, are harsh and oppressive, and that the criminal quality attributable to an act, either by the legal definition of the offense or by the nature or amount of the punishment imposed for its commission, should not be altered by legislative enactment, after the fact, to the disadvantage of the accused.
Beazell v. Ohio, 269 U.S. 167, 169-70, 46 S. Ct. 68, 69, 70 L. Ed. 216 (1925); accord Weaver v. Graham, supra, 450 U.S. at 28, 101 S. Ct. at 963; Dobbert v. Florida, 432 U.S. 282, 292, 97 S. Ct. 2290, 2297, 53 L. Ed. 2d 344 (1977). The Supreme Court recently enunciated the "two critical elements [that] must be present for a criminal or penal law to be ex post facto: it must be retrospective, that is, it must apply to events occurring before its enactment, and it must disadvantage the offender affected by it." Weaver v. Graham, supra, 450 U.S. at 29, 101 S. Ct. at 964 (footnotes omitted).
In other words, whether the Parole Commission's use of the 1979 instead of the 1974 parole guidelines constituted a violation of the ex post facto clause turns on the question whether the Commission applied a "law" that "change [d] the punishment, and inflict [ed] a greater punishment, than the law annexed to the crime, when committed." Calder v. Bull, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 386, 390, 1 L. Ed. 648 (1798). As a preliminary matter, we therefore will describe the 1979 guidelines as applied to Forman and show that Forman would have been subjected to a different--and more favorable--standard of evaluation under the 1974 guidelines. Because we agree with the district court's conclusions that the 1979 guidelines were applied retrospectively and that Forman was disadvantaged by such application, we then will proceed to the remaining question whether the guidelines constitute "laws" for ex post facto purposes.
A. Differences Between the 1974 and 1979 Guidelines: Retrospectivity and Detriment
The parole guidelines comprise a grid on which "offense characteristics" are plotted against "offender characteristics" to yield a "customary" range of time that the offender is to serve before being released from prison on parole. See supra note 5. First promulgated nationwide in November 1973, 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.52, 38 Fed.Reg. 31942, 31945 (Nov. 19, 1973), the guidelines were revised in 1974, 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1974); in 1976, 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20, 41 Fed.Reg. 37322-24 (Sept. 3, 1976); and again in 1979, 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1979). See also id. Sec. 2.20 (1982). The post-1973 revisions effected no significant change in calculating salient-factor scores (i.e., "offender characteristics"): Forman received a score of eleven under the 1979 guidelines, and he would have been assigned the same score under the 1974 guidelines.12 The revisions, however, did significantly alter the guidelines' offense-severity classifications as well as presumptive incarceration periods.
Forman was convicted of evading more than $2,000,000 in income taxes. Under the 1979 guidelines, offense severity depended upon the magnitude of the tax evasion,13 but the guidelines did not specifically address evasions of more than $500,000: evasion of $100,000 to $500,000 was rated "Very High" and warranted (assuming a salient-factor score of eleven) a presumptive incarceration period of twenty-four to thirty-six months. In determining Forman's presumptive release date pursuant to the 1979 guidelines, the Commission therefore extrapolated14 and raised the offense-severity rating to "Greatest I" (the category above "Very High"), which presumptively provided for forty to fifty-two months in prison.
The 1974 guidelines, by contrast, subdivided tax-evasion offenses into only two categories, rating evasion of less than $3,000 as "Low Moderate" and evasion of $3,000 to $50,000 as "Moderate."15 Had the Commission worked within the framework of the 1974 guidelines, therefore, it could have rated the severity of Forman's offense as "Moderate," a classification that would have resulted in a twelve- to sixteen-month period of incarceration. However, we presume that the Commission could have rated the evasion of more than $2,000,000 in a higher category16 such as "High" (a rating that could have resulted in release within sixteen to twenty months), "Very High" (which brought a presumptive incarceration period of twenty-six to thirty-six months), or even "Greatest." The 1974 guidelines established no specific range for a rating of "Greatest," but the presumptive minimum, we assume, would have been thirty-six months, the upper bound of the "Very High" rating.
It thus appears that the Commission's application of the 1979 instead of the 1974 guidelines resulted in the establishment of a different "customary" range of incarceration in Forman's case: under the 1979 guidelines, Forman's worst-case prognosis was forty to fifty-two months, as compared with a thirty-six month worst-case presumptive minimum under the 1974 guidelines. Moreover, Forman's best-case prognosis was twenty-four to thirty-six months under the 1979 guidelines but twelve to sixteen months under the 1974 guidelines. We acknowledge that the Commission originally elected to go "below" the 1979 guidelines in setting a presumptive release date after thirty-six (instead of forty to fifty-two) months. When it applied the 1976 guidelines, which established a thirty-six month minimum period of incarceration, the Commission again went "below" the guidelines and released Forman after thirty-two months. But these decisions to go "below" the guidelines do not vitiate Forman's "detriment" claim, for "the ex post facto clause looks to the standard of punishment prescribed by a ["law"], rather than to the sentence actually imposed.... It is for this reason that an increase in the possible penalty is ex post facto, ... regardless of the length of the sentence actually imposed...." Lindsey v. Washington, 301 U.S. 397, 401, 57 S. Ct. 797, 799, 81 L. Ed. 1182 (1937); accord Dobbert v. Florida, supra, 432 U.S. at 299-300, 97 S. Ct. at 2301; Geraghty v. United States Parole Commission, supra, 579 F.2d at 264 ("The test is not whether the punishment actually received is within the outer limits of the law at the time the crime was committed, but whether 'the later standard of punishment is more onerous than the earlier.' ") (footnote omitted) (quoting Lindsey v. Washington, supra, 301 U.S. at 400, 57 S. Ct. at 798). The later standard here is plainly more onerous.
We therefore agree with the district court that the 1979 guidelines were applied retrospectively and that such application worked to Forman's disadvantage. See Weaver v. Graham, supra, 450 U.S. at 29, 101 S. Ct. at 964 (formulating two-part test).
B. Are the Guidelines "Laws"?
We next must consider whether the parole guidelines constitute "laws" within the meaning of the ex post facto clause. We note at the outset that the fact that the guidelines are administrative regulations rather than statutes does not preclude their being "laws" for ex post facto purposes, for it is a fundamental principle of administrative law that " [v]alidly promulgated regulations have the force and effect of law," Griffin v. Harris, 571 F.2d 767, 772 (3d Cir. 1978) (footnote omitted). As the Seventh Circuit has declared: "When Congress has delegated to an agency the authority to make a rule instead of making the rule itself, the resulting administrative rule is an extension of the statute for purposes of the [ex post facto] clause." Rodriguez v. United States Parole Commission, supra, 594 F.2d at 173. If, then,
the legislature could not retroactively, without offending the ex post facto clause of the Constitution, substantially decrease parole eligibility by legislation [,] ... a similar prohibition applies to an increase in punishment brought about by rule-making, the administrative equivalent of legislation. The legislature cannot, by delegation, escape constitutional limitations on its power.
Geraghty v. United States Parole Commission, supra, 579 F.2d at 266 (footnote omitted). It therefore is no answer to say that the parole guidelines are not "laws" because they are merely administrative regulations.17
The Parole Commission nevertheless argues that several considerations preclude the characterization of the guidelines as "laws" for ex post facto purposes. First, the Commission contends that the guidelines are mere "guideposts" that facilitate the exercise of the Commission's discretion to establish presumptive parole dates for convicted offenders. Central to the Commission's case is 18 U.S.C. § 4206(c) (1976), which states:
The Commission may grant or deny release on parole notwithstanding the guidelines ... if it determines there is good cause for so doing: Provided, That the prisoner is furnished written notice stating with particularity the reasons for its determination, including a summary of the information relied upon.
The Commission asserts that it does in fact engage in individualized analysis of the parole prospects of each and every offender, using the discretion it retains to render decisions "above" and "below" the guidelines. Thus, argues the Commission, the guidelines cannot have the binding effect of "laws" because the Commission can and does set periods of incarceration "above" or "below" the ranges suggested in the guidelines--as it did in Forman's case, see supra --and, therefore, no person can formulate any protectible expectations with respect to presumptive release dates because too many unquantifiable and discretionary variables enter into the Commission's ultimate decisionmaking.
The Commission also claims that Forman was on notice of possible changes in the guidelines because the Commission always has expressly reserved the right to "review the guidelines periodically and [to] revise or modify them at any time as deemed appropriate." 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20(f) (1974); accord id. Sec. 2.20(g) (1979); id. Sec. 2.20(g) (1982). Finally, the Commission relies on decisions of other courts that have found the guidelines "not [to] constitute impermissible ex post facto laws [because] they merely clarify the exercise of administrative discretion without altering any existing considerations for parole release," Shepard v. Taylor, 556 F.2d 648, 654 (2d Cir. 1977). See Stroud v. United States Parole Commission, 668 F.2d 843, 847 (5th Cir. 1982); Warren v. United States Parole Commission, supra note 5, 659 F.2d at 192-97; Priore v. Nelson, supra note 5, 626 F.2d at 217; Portley v. Grossman, 605 F.2d 563 (9th Cir. 1979), vacated and remanded, 450 U.S. 962, 101 S. Ct. 1476, 67 L. Ed. 2d 611 (1981); Zeidman v. United States Parole Commission, supra note 11, 593 F.2d at 808; Leaphart v. Benson, No. 78-1340, slip op. at 4-5 (10th Cir. Feb. 20, 1979); Rifai v. United States Parole Commission, 586 F.2d 695, 698-99 (9th Cir. 1978); Ruip v. United States, 555 F.2d 1331, 1335-36 (6th Cir. 1977).18 But cf. Note, supra note 5 (arguing that retrospective application of guidelines violates ex post facto clause).
To the extent that the Commission argues, and other circuits have held, that the parole guidelines cannot be considered "laws," we reject that proposition, for, even assuming arguendo that the Commission can and does accord individualized treatment to each inmate, such procedures would not necessarily be dispositive of the ex post facto issue. Rather, we must focus on the range and contours of that allegedly individualized treatment. As Geraghty explained: while the guidelines scheme does leave room for some exercise of discretion, that discretion nevertheless appears to be constricted by the framework of the guidelines. 579 F.2d at 266-67. Unbounded discretion probably does not exist in the Commission's decisionmaking; the guidelines provide perimeters that may be overstepped only upon a showing of good cause, see 18 U.S.C. § 4206(c) (1976), and changes in the guidelines appear to shape the exercise of that discretion.19 Indeed, the District of Columbia Circuit noted in Pickus v. United States Board of Parole, supra note 17, 507 F.2d at 1113 (footnote omitted),20 that
the rules which define parole selection criteria, new and old, are substantive agency action, for they define a fairly tight framework to circumscribe the Board's statutorily broad power.
... [T]hey are self imposed controls over the manner and circumstances in which the agency will exercise its plenary power. They have the effect of law....
Addressing the same questions in Geraghty, this Court declared:
It appears ... that the guidelines are designed to be not mere hortatory "clarifications" of policy, but rules which are to be followed except for "substantial reason" to the contrary. The freedom of the Commission to grant parole prior to the customary release date is constrained, and the "situation" of prisoners otherwise eligible for parole is "altered to their disadvantage."
The ex post facto clause ... reaches beyond mere formal alterations in criminal law. Thus, if in practice the parole authorities found good cause to deviate from the guidelines in 60% of the cases, for example, it might be argued that their discretion is, in fact, unfettered. However, the material which we have before us points in the opposite direction. The Parole Commission's answer to the complaint in this case admits that in 1975 prisoners were granted parole prior to their "customary release dates" in only 8.7% of the cases. Another decision of this Court took judicial notice of estimates of compliance with the guidelines ranging from 88% to 94%. It thus appears that the "channel for discretion" provided by the guidelines is in actuality an unyielding conduit.
579 F.2d at 267 (emphasis added) (footnotes omitted).21 We therefore declined to follow Shepard v. Taylor, supra, and Ruip v. United States Parole Commission, supra, which had held the guidelines not to be "laws" for ex post facto purposes. 579 F.2d at 266.
Notwithstanding Geraghty 's vacatur on other grounds and the fact that its holding represents the minority position in the federal appellate courts, see supra, Geraghty appears to have retained its vitality as the law of this Circuit, see United States v. Ferri, supra note 11, 652 F.2d at 327-28; United States ex rel. Goldberg v. Warden, supra note 9, 622 F.2d at 65. However, to the extent that the vacatur may still be said to have undermined its force as binding precedent, we now reaffirm Geraghty 's holding and adopt its reasoning as our own.22 We therefore hold that, if applied without substantial flexibility, the parole guidelines constitute "laws" within the meaning of the ex post facto clause.
Geraghty recognized both that the Parole Commission's "discretion" is severely constricted because the Commission must either follow its guidelines except for good cause or should revise the guidelines when parole decisions outside the regulations become too frequent,23 and that the " 'channel for discretion' " under the guidelines therefore appeared to be "in actuality an unyielding conduit." Notwithstanding these observations, we did not dispose of the ex post facto question as a matter of law on the basis of the text of the guidelines and applicable statutes. Rather, Geraghty held that the manner in which the Commission actually applied its guidelines still constituted a question of fact. We therefore remanded the case for factfinding on this issue. 579 F.2d at 267-68 ("factual support for the plaintiff's allegations regarding the operation of the parole system must be fully developed, and the Commission should have ample opportunity to establish the authenticity of its version of the operation of the guidelines").24
The Commission again entreats us to examine the flexibility with which it in fact exercises its discretion in applying the guidelines and to hold, on that basis, that the parole guidelines cannot be deemed "laws." Forman's approach, on the other hand, obviates the need for empirical evidence, in view of the limited nature of discretion under the guidelines, and counsels in favor of adjudicating the issue on the present record. In light of the importance of the constitutional question before us, the contrary holdings of other courts of appeals, and the opinion in Geraghty, we believe that the most prudent course is to remand the matter so that the district court can make findings as to the role of discretion in decisionmaking under the guidelines. After making such findings and determining whether the Parole Commission does in fact act with substantial flexibility, the court will be able to decide, on the fullest possible record, whether the guidelines constitute "laws" within the meaning of the ex post facto clause.
In examining to what extent, and under what circumstances, the Commission exercises its discretion not to adhere to the guidelines, the district court will be free to rely upon statistics, affidavits, testimony, and other evidentiary sources. The court might also investigate whether the Commission allows only a given percentage of all parole decisions to deviate from the ranges prescribed by the parole guidelines before the Commission revises those guidelines to account for such deviations, see supra note 23.
Accordingly, we will vacate the judgment of the district court and remand the case for further proceedings consistent with the views herein expressed.
WEIS, Circuit Judge, concurring.
I join in parts I and II of the majority opinion, but write to explain why I do not join in portions of part III.
The application of the ex post facto clause to parole guidelines is an issue the Supreme Court expressly reserved in United States Parole Commission v. Geraghty, 445 U.S. 388, 390 n. 1, 408, 100 S. Ct. 1202, 1205 n. 1, 1214, 63 L. Ed. 2d 479 (1980), and United States v. Addonizio, 442 U.S. 178, 184, 99 S. Ct. 2235, 2239, 60 L. Ed. 2d 805 (1979). As the majority opinion recognizes, the question has divided the courts of appeals.
In touching on the merits in Geraghty v. United States Parole Commission, 579 F.2d 238, 267 (3d Cir. 1978), vacated and remanded on other grounds, 445 U.S. 388, 100 S. Ct. 1202, 63 L. Ed. 2d 479 (1980), we noted indications that the guidelines were not merely a "channel for discretion" but were actually an "unyielding conduit." Nevertheless, because the Commission intimated that it did in fact engage in "individualized consideration of prisoners similar to that which it undertook before the guidelines went into effect," a controverted issue of fact was presented. Id. We remanded for resolution of that conflict.
In United States v. Ferri, 652 F.2d 325 (3d Cir. 1981), we reconsidered the ex post facto issue after remand from the Supreme Court in Matthews v. United States, 450 U.S. 962, 101 S. Ct. 1476, 67 L. Ed. 2d 611 (1981), vacating and remanding United States v. Ferri (Appeal of Matthews), 620 F.2d 288, 290 (3d Cir. 1980) (mem.). This was the third occasion on which the Supreme Court chose not to decide the validity of the parole guidelines. We observed that the petitioner in Ferri had failed to allege "any arbitrary, unreasonable or nonindividualized treatment resulting in a detrimental impact or an actual denial of parole...." 652 F.2d at 328. Since he had proceeded pro se, however, and in light of the complicated evolution of the law in this area, we remanded the case to the district court. On the other hand, in United States ex rel. Goldberg v. Warden, 622 F.2d 60, 65 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 871, 101 S. Ct. 210, 66 L. Ed. 2d 91 (1980), the record did demonstrate individualized treatment, thereby negating "any argument that petitioner received nothing more than a mechanical application of the parole guidelines." Consequently, we concluded that Geraghty's concerns had been met in that instance.
The record in this case leaves open the questions raised in Geraghty, and I agree that a remand for a factual hearing is required. The district court must determine whether petitioner was subjected to a wooden application of the guidelines or instead given individualized consideration and a truly discretionary ruling by the Commission. Because that factual issue is as yet unresolved, I believe that most of the majority's extensive discussion in part III on the parole guidelines and the ex post facto clause is premature.
The constitutional issue here is a substantial one. I prefer to wait until the record is complete before expressing my views.
"No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed." U.S. Const. art. I, Sec. 9, cl. 3; cf. id., art. I, Sec. 10, cl. 1 ("No State shall ... pass any Bill of Attainder [or] ex post facto Law")
The vacatur and remand in Geraghty concerned questions relating to mootness and to maintenance of a class action. The Supreme Court held that a class action does not become moot upon expiration of the named plaintiff's substantive claim even though such expiration occurred before the granting of class certification. The Court expressly declined to reach the merits of the ex post facto claim. 445 U.S. at 408, 100 S. Ct. at 1214; see also United States v. Addonizio, 442 U.S. 178, 184, 99 S. Ct. 2235, 2239, 60 L. Ed. 2d 805 (1979)
Genser is not involved in this appeal
We speak in terms of presumptions and probabilities because the Commission is not obliged under all circumstances to release an inmate on the date it initially sets. 18 U.S.C. § 4206(a) (1976) provides:
If an eligible prisoner has substantially observed the rules of the institution or institutions to which he has been confined, and if the Commission, upon consideration of the nature and circumstances of the offense and the history and characteristics of the prisoner, determines:
(1) that release would not depreciate the seriousness of his offense or promote disrespect for the law; and
(2) that release would not jeopardize the public welfare;
subject to the provisions of subsections (b) and (c) of this section, and pursuant to guidelines promulgated by the Commission pursuant to section 4203(a) (1), such prisoner shall be released.
Accord 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.12(d) (1982) ("presumptive parole date shall be contingent upon an affirmative finding by the Commission that the prisoner has a continued record of good conduct"). The guidelines themselves state that " [t]he time ranges specified by the guidelines are established specifically for cases with good institutional adjustment and program progress." 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20(b) (1979); accord id. Sec. 2.20(b) (1982); id. Sec. 2.20(b) (1974).
The parole-guidelines scheme has been the subject of much comment and discussion, see, e.g., Campbell v. United States Parole Comm'n, 704 F.2d 106, 111-12 (3d Cir. 1983); Warren v. United States Parole Comm'n, 659 F.2d 183, 189-93 (D.C. Cir. 1981), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 950, 102 S. Ct. 1454, 71 L. Ed. 2d 665 (1982); Priore v. Nelson, 626 F.2d 211, 213-15 (2d Cir. 1980); Geraghty v. United States Parole Comm'n, supra, 579 F.2d at 241-42, 254-63; Project, Parole Release Decisionmaking and the Sentencing Process, 84 Yale L.J. 810, 817-41 (1975); Note, Application of the Federal Parole Guidelines to Certain Prisoners: An Ex Post Facto Violation, 62 B.U. L. Rev. 515, 518-23 (1982), and we will discuss the guidelines further, see infra Part IIIA
Briefly stated: the guidelines constitute a grid on which offense severity is plotted against "offender characteristics," yielding a "customary range" of imprisonment. The offense-severity "axis" of the 1979 grid is divided into seven categories, ranging from "low" through "Greatest II." The "offender-characteristics" axis is intended to predict, by means of a "salient-factor score," "the likelihood that an inmate will succeed on parole," Project, supra, at 824 (footnote omitted). The salient-factor score (in 1979) was the sum of "points" assigned on the basis of the inmate's history, with reference to his number of prior convictions and commitments; his age at the time of the offense leading to his first commitment; whether the commitment offense involved auto theft or checks; whether the inmate ever had had his parole revoked or had been committed for a new offense while on parole; whether the inmate had a "history of heroin or opiate dependence"; and whether the inmate had a record of " [v]erified employment (or full-time school attendance) for a total of at least 6 months during the last 2 years in the community." The parole guidelines currently are in effect under the authorization of Sec. 4203 of the Parole Commission and Reorganization Act, 18 U.S.C. § 4203(a) (1) (1976).
The other issues in Forman's petition were not reached by the district court and are not now before us
The Parole Commission filed a notice of appeal on December 8, 1981, and the appeal was docketed in this Court on January 22, 1982. We stayed the proceedings on March 15, 1982, pending appeals within the Parole Commission and further rulings by the district court. The stay was dissolved on August 25, 1982
The new Notice of Action stated:
Your offense behavior has been rated as Greatest severity because it involved over $1,000,000 in evaded income taxes. Your salient factor score is 11. You have been in custody a total of 28 months. Guidelines established by the Commission for adult cases which consider the above factors indicate a minimum of 36 months to be served before release for cases with good institutional program performance and adjustment. After review of all relevant factors and information presented, a decision below the guidelines appears warranted because the following circumstances are present: You have already repaid the Government the outstanding taxes and penalty representing triple damages and, in addition, have satisfied your committed fine.
The Certificate of Parole, dated May 12, 1982, bore the legend:
THIS PAROLE IS GRANTED SOLELY TO COMPLY WITH THE OCTOBER 9, 1981 ORDER OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT IN U.S. EX REL. LAWRENCE FORMAN V. MCCALL, CIVIL NO. 81-0553 (M.D. Pa.), AND IS NOT THE RESULT OF A DISCRETIONARY DECISION UNDER THE NORMAL PROCEDURE OF THE PAROLE COMMISSION. THE COMMISSION RESERVES THE RIGHT TO VOID THIS PAROLE GRANT IF THE ORDER BY THE DISTRICT COURT IS REVERSED OR VACATED ON APPEAL.
It thus appears that, but for the district court's ruling, Forman would have remained at Allenwood for an additional four months. Moreover, the Commission expressly has reserved the right to require Forman to serve out his original term should this Court reverse or vacate the district court's judgment. Accordingly, the Commission's good-faith compliance with the district court's mandate and its decision to release Forman from Allenwood do not render this case moot. See Campbell v. United States Parole Comm'n, supra note 5, 704 F.2d at 109 n. 2; Gill v. Garrison, 675 F.2d 599, 600-01 (4th Cir. 1982); United States ex rel. Goldberg v. Warden, 622 F.2d 60, 63 n. 3 (3d Cir.), cert. denied, 449 U.S. 871, 101 S. Ct. 210, 66 L. Ed. 2d 91 (1980).
Forman's offense was not completed until at least October 1974. Because the guidelines in effect between April 1974, see 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1974), and Forman's indictment in April 1976, see 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1976); id. Sec. 2.20 (1975), accorded almost identical treatment to tax-evasion offenses, see infra note 15, we will discuss only the 1974 guidelines and treat those regulations as having been in effect at the time Forman committed his offense. This similarity among the various guidelines makes it unnecessary for us to assign a precise date to Forman's offense. The written and oral submissions of the parties presented this case as one requiring selection among the 1973, 1976, and 1979 guidelines. No mention was made of the existence of the 1974 guidelines. While, for purposes of this case, there is no significant difference between the 1973 and 1974 guidelines, we are compelled by ex post facto principles to apply the latter
We acknowledge that language in prior opinions of this Court in parole-guidelines cases might suggest the date of sentencing to be the appropriate point of scrutiny for ex post facto purposes. See United States v. Ferri, 652 F.2d 325, 327-28 (3d Cir. 1981); Geraghty v. United States Parole Comm'n, supra, 579 F.2d at 263, 266. In neither of these cases, however, were we required to choose between the date of the offense and the date of sentencing as the relevant date. Nor was this distinction at issue in Portley v. Grossman, 444 U.S. 1311, 1312, 100 S. Ct. 714, 62 L. Ed. 2d 723 (Rehnquist, Circuit Justice, 1980); Priore v. Nelson, supra note 5, 626 F.2d at 217; or Zeidman v. United States Parole Comm'n, 593 F.2d 806, 808 (7th Cir. 1979)
We can assume that Forman's score would have been eleven under the 1974 guidelines because that was the score assigned to him when he was reevaluated by the Commission under the 1976 guidelines, which contained a salient-factor score scheme identical to that used in 1974
The 1979 guidelines established customary ranges of incarceration of six months for evasion of less than $2,000; of 10 to 14 months for evasion of $2,000 to $19,999; of 14 to 20 months for evasion of $20,000 to $100,000; and of 24 to 36 months for evasion of $100,000 to $500,000. This scheme represented a refinement of the 1976 guidelines, which had subdivided tax-evasion offenses into only two categories: evasion of less than $10,000 in taxes had resulted in a presumptive incarceration period of eight to 12 months (again assuming a salient-factor score of 11), while evasion of $10,000 to $50,000 presumptively had brought 12 to 16 months in prison. Thus, an offender who had evaded, for example, $50,000 in income taxes could have expected to serve 12 to 16 months in prison under the 1974 and 1976 guidelines, see infra, and 14 to 20 months under the 1979 guidelines
The guidelines expressly state that, " [i]f an offense behavior is not listed above, the proper category may be obtained by comparing the severity of the offense behavior with those of similar offense behaviors listed." 28 U.S.C. § 2.20 (1979) (Note B following guidelines table). The 1976 and 1974 regulations contained equivalent instructions. Accord 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1982) (Note B following guidelines table)
Minor changes were made in the subsequent guidelines predating the 1976 revision relied upon by the district court. See 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1975) (classifying evasion of less than $10,000 as "Low Moderate" and evasion of $10,000 to $50,000 as "Moderate"); id. Sec. 2.20 (1976) (same). In every case, the presumptive incarceration period for "Low Moderate" was eight to 12 months and, for "Moderate," 12 to 16 months. Accord 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20 (1974); id. Sec. 2.20 (1975); id. Sec. 2.20 (1976)
See supra note 14; 28 C.F.R. Sec. 2.20(d) (1974) ("The guidelines contain examples of offense behaviors for each severity level. However, especially mitigating or aggravating circumstances in a particular case may justify a decision or a severity rating different from that listed."); accord id. Sec. 2.20(d) (1979); id. Sec. 2.20(d) (1982). The available higher categories were "High"; "Very High," within which category fell most of the offenses designated in the 1979 guidelines as "Greatest I"; or even "Greatest," within which category the Commission placed Forman's offense when it reconsidered Forman's parole prognosis under the 1976 guidelines pursuant to the district court's order
Administrative regulations come, of course, in several varieties, and those that constitute no more than general statements of policy, interpretive rules, or rules relating to agency practice or procedure might well be outside the sphere of "laws" with which the ex post facto clause is concerned. We do not believe, however, that the parole guidelines fall within that possibly excluded class. See Pickus v. United States Bd. of Parole, 507 F.2d 1107, 1112-14 (D.C. Cir. 1974) (rejecting contention that guidelines are merely statements of general policy and holding their promulgation to be subject to rulemaking provisions of Administrative Procedure Act)
Warren, Portley, Rifai, and Ruip, supra, can be distinguished on their facts from the case before us. In each of those four cases, the convicted offender committed the relevant offense at a time prior to the formal adoption of the first set of parole guidelines in November 1973. During the pre-guidelines era, incarcerated convicts remained in prison at the discretion of the United States Board of Parole (the Parole Commission's predecessor agency); the subsequent promulgation of structured guidelines thus might be viewed as nothing more than one possible way of exercising that discretion. Indeed, the Warren court relied on the fact that Warren's offense had predated the 1973 guidelines. 659 F.2d at 195-96; see also Hayward v. United States Parole Comm'n, supra, 659 F.2d at 862 (declining to reach question whether parole guidelines are laws because "the law at the time the crime was committed did not give the defendant any expectation of any particular parole system," and defendant therefore had no ex post facto claim)
Forman, by contrast, completed his offense after the promulgation of the guidelines, and his expectations thus are a function of the guidelines scheme. Warren, Portley, Rifai, and Ruip, therefore, may be read as addressing a different situation. While it is true that Geraghty v. United States Parole Comm'n, supra, also involved offenses committed prior to the promulgation of the guidelines, we need not here formally reaffirm Geraghty 's treatment of pre-guidelines offenses both because the case before us involves a post-guidelines offense and because our decision does not depend on our distinguishing Warren, Portley, Rifai, and Ruip.
This very case illustrates the ratchet-like effect that changes in the guidelines appear to have on agency decisionmaking: when using the 1979 guidelines, which called for a 40- to 52-month period of incarceration, the Commission elected to go four months "below" the guidelines, to 36 months; when using the 1976 guidelines, however, which called for a 36-month minimum period, the Commission again set a term four months "below" the guidelines and released Forman after only 32 months' imprisonment. See supra Part IIIA. Other sources also support the conclusion that the Commission feels constrained to operate within the guidelines. See, e.g., Project, supra note 5, at 868 n. 290
As we stated in Geraghty, supra, Congress "explicitly approved 'the principles established in Pickus' with regard to the nature of the guidelines." 579 F.2d at 267 (footnote omitted) (quoting H.Conf.Rep. No. 838, 94th Cong., 2d Sess. 36, reprinted in 1976 U.S.Code Cong. & Admin.News 368)
Other cases also have noted the rigidity with which the Parole Commission usually applies the guidelines. See, e.g., Kills Crow v. United States, 555 F.2d 183, 186 (8th Cir. 1977); United States v. Salerno, 538 F.2d 1005, 1007 (3d Cir. 1976); Kortness v. United States, 514 F.2d 167, 169-70 (8th Cir. 1975)
We endorse Geraghty 's reasoning even though that case involved pre-guidelines offenses, see supra note 18
See H.Conf.Rep. No. 838, supra note 20, at 27, reprinted in 1976 U.S.Code Cong. & Admin.News 360 ("If decisions to go above or below parole guidelines are frequent, the Commission should reevaluate its guidelines.")
No such factfinding eventuated, however, for the district court on remand did not reach the relevant ex post facto claim. Geraghty v. United States Parole Comm'n, 552 F. Supp. 276, 285 n. 22 (M.D. Pa. 1982), appeal docketed, No. 82-3593 (3d Cir. Dec. 30, 1982) ("The question of whether the guidelines are mechanically applied is not at issue in this case.")
of Third Circuit opinions.


text:
India signed $1 Billion deal with American Defence – to keep a hawk's eye on China
Posted on July 28, 2016 by The Guardian in Government, India
Image Credits: avionale.com
India on Wednesday signed a $1 billion deal with American defence and aerospace major Boeing for procuring four additional 'Poseidon-8I' long-range maritime surveillance and anti-submarine warfare aircraft. This contract is a follow-on order to eight P-81 planes already bought by India in a direct deal with the firm worth $2.1 billion, said a PTI report quoting defence sources.
The acquisition of additional 'P-8I' will be a shot in the arm of the Indian Navy as the country has been building up its naval surveillance capabilities.
Armed with lightweight torpedoes and rockets among others, the Navy is extensively using the P-8I to keep a strict vigil over the Indian Ocean, which has seen numerous Chinese submarine forays, including docking of a nuclear sub in Sri Lanka. They are often termed "intelligent hawk eyes".
The long-range maritime reconnaissance aircraft has an operational speed of 450 miles per hour and a range of 4,500 nautical miles.
The P8Is are used for not only for long-range patrol but is also equipped with deadly Harpoon missiles for anti-submarine warfare.
The $2.1 billion deal of 2009 was then the largest defence deal India signed with the US. With Wednesday's deal, the total value of defence deals India has signed with the US in the last one decade comes to around $15 billion.
The latest contract for four P8Is was inked during the ongoing visit of US Under Secretary for Defence on Acquisition Frank Kendall, and is seen as a sign of growing Indo-US defence ties.
Last year, India had signed a $3 billion contract with the US through Foreign Military Sales route for 22 Apache and 15 Chinook helicopters. The country is also working on a deal to get 145 pieces of M777 light-weight howitzers from the US, the sources said.
Source: firstpost.com
$1 billion deal
Aerospace Boeing
American Defence
Chinese submarine
hawk-eyed
Indian Ocean surveillance
Poseidon-8I


Last year's poor harvest of five commercial orders for large geostationary communications satellites proved even worse than 2017's surprise low of just seven orders.
"Boeing is terminating the Global IP satellite contract for reasons of default for nonpayment," the company said in a Dec. 7 statement to SpaceNews.
Satellite operators had long sought less expensive launch as one way of reducing the overall cost of deploying new satellites. They've achieved that with the rise of SpaceX and the competitive pressures it has placed on other companies who have been forced to adapt or else.
Satellite manufacturers say they are trying to protect their component suppliers from the drought of commercial telecom spacecraft that threatens to put such companies out of business.
Suppliers of solar panels and related equipment for the space industry are pivoting to serve customers planing satellites for low and medium Earth orbits as the slow down in geostationary satellite orders persists.


60-story, 126,000-m² (1.36-million-ft²) office tower with an additional 38,000 m² (409,028 ft²) of parking in 5 below-grade levels. The project features two 9-story prismatic-shaped lobbies (at the top and bottom of the building), with four canopies cantilevering 8.4 m (27.5 ft). The lobbies are accented by perimeter structural elements that spiral the building, providing support and architectural interest. MKA's design required 40 percent less steel than similar projects under construction.


text:
Economy, People
Equality for women could boost the economy by 12%: McKinsey
Angela Priestley / Friday, April 27, 2018
The Australian economy could increase 12%, or by a massive $US225 billion a year ($297 billion at current exchange rates), if we could advance women's equality, according to McKinsey Global Institute's latest research.
That's a lot of opportunity we're missing out on, and once again an excellent figure to quote to those not yet convinced of the need to do more to support women in the workforce.
And that support is particularly needed for women aged 24 to 35 who have children, where the workforce participation rate is 75%, compared to the male participation rate of 91%. A larger number of women in this cohort stop working in Australia than in other Asia Pacific countries.
Unfortunately, there are a number of significant structural impediments standing in the way. One being the expensive and inflexible nature of childcare, and another being the continued burden of unpaid work that women take on.
There's also the gender pay gap, creating more incentive for fathers to be in the workforce than mothers.
Australia lags behind the Philippines, New Zealand and Singapore in the Asia Pacific region on workplace gender equality; however, we do rate best in region on educational attainment and financial and digital inclusion. Australian women make up 46% of the labour force, which matches the global average but is behind the US, Canada and Singapore.
We could achieve that 12% GDP increase by matching the "best in region" on workforce gender equality.
But the report authors note the inequality on political representation is still a major issue in Australia, while progress has stagnated on female workforce participation and gender wage gaps:
"Increasing female labour-force participation is crucial to delivering the GDP opportunity. Achieving this — especially for Australian mothers — will require action on three fronts: improving marginal financial incentives to work, spreading best practices in workplace policies, and shifting attitudes about gender roles."
The report also finds that the Asia Pacific region, by advancing women's equality, could add a collective $4.5 trillion to annual GDPs in 2025, which would be a 12% increase over the business-as-usual trajectory. It found that 58% of such potential growth would come from raising women's workforce participation rates, while further gains would be made from putting women in higher-productive sectors, and boasting the work hours of women.
The largest relative GPD opportunity is in China, which stands to gain $2.6 trillion.
While McKinsey says that governments and companies need to tailor initiatives to support change in each country, it identified five key priority areas:
Focus on boosting women's labour-force participation while addressing their unpaid work.
Address women's underrepresentation in business leadership positions.
Improve women's access to digital technology and financial services.
Shift attitudes about women's roles and work in society.
Collaborate on regional solutions.
This article was first published by Women's Agenda.
NOW READ: More Australian women now run their own businesses
Angela Priestley
Angela Priestley is the publisher and founding editor of Women's Agenda. She's an author, journalist and passionate advocate for workplace gender equality and diversity. Her first book is Women Who Seize the Moment.
How to prepare for EOFY 2019: The Single Touch Payroll guide for SMEs
How law firms are becoming tech firms, and why it's good for business


I didnt understand completely. She is not pooping at all? Or v little? Is she ezclusively breastfed?
I wud say u dont give anything for now. Just keep feeding. Is she feeding properly. 5 weeks is a v small baby to give any medicine. Just keep feeding frequently.
Green stool is fine. My baby always had green stool and v liquid. I went to many doctors and all said its normal. Exclusively breastfed babies can have green stool.
Look into ur own diet. Include green veg dal etc. Eat well and good quality.
If u like try this out. I have given the same to my lo one in 5th week. Buy Milk of Megnicia n take half tea spoon of it n mix with ur milk n make baby have it mix ur mix till the half tea spoon of it is completed, later feed ur lo n wait till she passes stool. I waited for 2 hours n till date its going fine.
Doctor adiced t use binnispaz n xymex is itbokay ???


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />

    <title>GOV.UK - The best place to find government services and information</title>

    <link href="../assets/stylesheets/govuk-template.css" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

    <link href="../assets/stylesheets/govuk-template-print.css" media="print" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

      <link href="../assets/stylesheets/fonts.css" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../assets/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" />

    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="../assets/images/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png">

    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="../assets/images/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png">

    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="../assets/images/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png">

    <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="../assets/images/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png">

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <meta property="og:image" content="../assets/images/opengraph-image.png">

    <link href="../assets/stylesheets/elements-page.css"  rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">

        Skip to main content

GOV.UK uses cookies to make the site simpler. Find out more about cookies

               GOV.UK

            Menu

              Director Conduct Assessment Service

Dashboard

Submitted Cases

Settings

Logout

          BETA
          This is a new service – your feedback will help us to improve it.

Conduct Assessment Service

Dashboard

        <form action="/g-cloud/search" method="get" class="search-box" role="search">
            <input type="search" class="text-box" name="q" placeholder="Search company name or registration number">
            <input class="submit" type="submit" value="Search">
        </form>

5 Not started

Trey Research Inc.

Company no. 08877252

Due by 10-02-2016

Dog groomers ltd.

Company no. 09928782

Due by 01-03-2016

Northwind Traders

Company no. 09383837

Due by 17-03-2016

3 In progress

AdventureWorks Cycles

Company no. 0129334

Overdue by 3 days

Parnell Aerospace

Company no. 02828237

Due in 8 days

Lucerne Publishing

Company no. 0881662

Due in 12 days

The baguette house ltd.

Company no. 0283838

Due by 02-02-2016

Graphic Design Institute

Company no. 0993873

Due by 05-02-2016

2 For review

Contoso Pharmaceuticals

Company no. 0383838

Overdue by 1 day

Humongous Insurance

Company no. 0333999

Due in 10 days

Open Government Licence

All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated

            © Crown copyright

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


LIVERPOOL are set to offer Andy Robertson a new £60,000-a-week deal after an impressive start to his Anfield career.
According to reports, the left-back has done enough to double his wages, following an eye-popping first 12 months on Merseyside.
The 24-year-old helped Liverpool reach the Champions League final after he signed from Hull for £10million last summer.
Liverpool's board have been impressed and want to tie up a new deal soon, according to the Mirror.
Robertson played 30 games in his first season and rotated with James Milner at left back, allowing Klopp to deploy the Englishman in midfield as well.
But the Scotland international is expected to make the left side of defence berth his own in the future, with time well on his side.
The ex-Dundee United and Queen's Park ace has 21 caps for his country and is expected to be one of Alex McLeish's more trusted stars in the future.
Liverpool boss Klopp branded Robertson as "special" in February after the Reds beat Porto 5-0 in the Champions League.
The German said: "It was really good. The whole package, offensively and defensively, was really good. I would say it was his best game.
"When he played in Scotland or in Hull it was quite a distance to go to a Champions League tie and now he played it – and in that manner, even better.
"We didn't speak before the game about his debut, we handled it like business as usual, and he did really well.


Jennifer R. is a French woman I was lucky enough to meet while I was traveling in Lisbon. We happened to be part of the same walking tour and spent a couple of days together which allowed for us to get to know each other very well. I found her life perspectives to be interesting and overall she's a great woman. I'm proud to introduce such a special person to my readers.
I'm from France, currently living in Spain.
I am a customer service executive for a company in the travel industry.
I went to Spain, Turkey, Morocco, Tunisia, Crete, Dominican republic, England, Portugal, Australia, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore. My favorite was Myanmar because of the people, they are so nice and genuine. It is also the first country I arrived to when I started my trip in south east Asia. The culture was new, the food. I was impressed by the landscape. Otherwise it could have been Cambodia, I also had a crush for this country.
It depends of the kind of travel. If I travel like a backpacker for a long time I prefer alone. I can decide what I want to do and when. I meet also more people this way, in hostels, or locals. Otherwise if it is for a weekend or one week holiday I like to go with friends.
I can't really say, since I'm 9 years old I have been travelling with my parents. When I was 20 yo I went to Australia for 1 year. That was my first travel alone, and a big and far away one. I feel like I was always travelling, it is part of me.
It changed my way of seeing things. Being more open and tolerant towards others. I also learned a lot about myself, what am I capable of. I became less shy, it changed my character, being more extrovert and patient.
I can't choose. For me it is meeting locals, learning their customs, and food. Always trying typical dishes.
Not really, I am careful, I don't go to places if I don't feel it. I have never felt in danger.
For my property I use lockers in rooms but make sure they close properly and no one can open it. I don't keep all my stuff at the same place, you have to divide your money. If it is night I always try to be with someone so I don't walk alone, if really I Don't feel safe I take a taxi.
Just do it. Don't overthink. It makes me happy, that is the way I want to live and if It is something you want to do,then you will find the way. It is not hard and you meet such great people along the way.


With the 2013 season underway, the cross country team added new members to their family to add to their success.
For the first time, middle schoolers have been able to be a part of the team. With the three middle school runners and 18 high schoolers, the team has doubled in size in the last two years.
Q: What's it like being on a team with your brother?
A: It's actually pretty fun having my brother push me so we can both get better.
Q: What are your individual goals for the season?
A: My goal for the season is to run hard and make it to State.
Q: Who do you look up to the most?
A: Brooke, she's like my big sister and she always pushes me to do my best.
Q: What's it like being on a team that is so closely bonded?
A: It's nice being on a team where we all think of each other as a family. It's like we all help each other get through our hard times, and run as a family, not as individuals.
With four returning seniors, expectations for the season are high. Head coach Lynette Freeman said she expects the same things as last year. She has high hopes of taking both a boys' and girls' team to State.
"My individual goal is to be 2A State Champion, and my goal for the team is to have both the boys' and girls' teams win League," Fisher said.
The team is a close-bonded family with blood ties adding to that. Eight members are siblings. The Giles, Corbets, Ghumms and Ibarras get the opportunity to support each other as teammates, as well as siblings.
As in all families, there is also tension, but that hasn't caused issues between runners.
"It's not as fun being on a team with my brother because he's pretty fast and there's a lot of competition," sophomore Miranda Ghumm said.
The results so far please Freeman, as well as the way the team is working together.
At the first meet, the boys' team took second place and the girls took fourth. At the home meet on Sept. 12, the boys took first and the girls took fourth once again. The next meet is on Oct. 3 at Pratt.
Great first story Kaitlyn. Thanks for fixing the date of the next meet.


Lefty Guitarists Do It Better!
Bill DeTucci is an Instrumental Guitarist Rockin' the Styles of Melodic Metal, Hard Rock, Funk, and R&B. In 2007 he Debut his first CD: Rippin'. Always creating new Original Music since.
Copyright 2017. Bill DeTucci. All rights reserved.


Move an arbiter server without stopping the mirroring system, by creating new server and changing the arbiter server definitions to use the new arbiter server.
This tutorial relies on the database mirroring system described in Tutorial: Creating a database mirroring system.
You must have the MANAGE ANY MIRROR SERVER and SERVER OPERATOR system privileges.
-su password for the utility database.
-xa database name and authentication string of the arbiter server.
-xf location of the state information file for the mirroring system.
Connect to the primary server and alter the arbiter server definition for the mirroring system.
Run the following command to connect to the primary server.
Execute the following command to change the arbiter server definition to that of the new server.
The primary and mirror servers disconnect from the arbiter server and connect to the new arbiter server.
Wait a few seconds, and then stop the old arbiter server.
The arbiter server is moved to the new server.


text:
St Mary's Priory Abergavenny: St Mary's Church, The Tithe Barn & The Priory Centre
St Mary's Priory Church The Tithe Barn The Priory Centre Contact & find us
The Church, the Tithe Barn and Holywell Community all have their own individual and regularly updated blogs – stay in touch with all the latest news...
Parish & worship
READ ABOUT ST MARYS PARISH CHURCH ON OUR BLOG
Tithe Barn
READ ABOUT THE TITHE BARN ON OUR BLOG
Follow the Tithe Barn
on Twitter @TitheBarn
...and also on Facebook
Holywell Community
READ ABOUT HOLYWELL COMMUNITY ON OUR BLOG
Follow Holywell Community on Twitter: @HolywellCom
PATRON: HRH The Prince of Wales KG KT
If you've visted recently don't forget to leave a comment on tripadvisor.
Welcome to ST MARY'S PRIORY, Abergavenny
For over one thousand years, we have served the people of Abergavenny and the surrounding area – after the model of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. The website shows how we currently serve the community, and a little about our history. It is not intended as a replacement for actually visiting us, which we hope you will want to do after exploring our website. At the heart of our mission and witness is the worship of God. In fulfilling the commandments of Jesus Christ, we seek to be a Eucharist-centred community where people of all ages are able to participate fully in the Body of Christ. Whether you are visiting our site as a fellow Christian, an historian, or for commercial reasons, the people of St Mary's say welcome.
Whats on at St Mary's Priory
PLEASE NOTE: Unfortunately the Priory and the Garden of Remembrance will be closed on Saturday 3rd September due to staff shortages. We apologise for any inconvenience.
St Mary's Priory, and the Garden of Remembrance is usually open between 10.00am and 2.00pm which are our core hours. See pew leaflet for services.
Due to the Rector taking well deserved leave this week,the Parish Office will be open during the core hours of 10.00am and 2.00pm. Please phone 01873 858787 before visiting to ensure the Priory will be open for visitors..
Fr John Connell, is the Rector of Abergavenny.
There are currently three services each Sunday: in the Priory. Said Eucharist at 8.00am, sung Priory Eucharist at 11.00am and Choral Evensong at 5.00 pm (Evensong takes place at Christchurch on the 1st Sunday of the month). The weekly services can be found on the Pew Leaflet. St Mary's Priory is open during the week for those who wish to pray and spend time in quiet before God from 10.00am - 2.00pm on Monday to Friday and 10.00am until 3.00pm on Saturday.
Visitors are welcome to view the antiquities and historic tombs. We are still unable to provide access to toilets.
A contactless payment system is available for donations in the church.
We are tremendously grateful to all who are enabling this to happen by stewarding and cleaning.
The Memorial Garden at St Mary's will be open at the same times as the church to allow people to tend and visit graves.
We publish a list of events planned for the coming months, and will update the list of cancellations as they are decided. Find out more...
You can read here The Church in Wales Coronavirus (Covid 19) policy
Priory Church at St Mary's Priory
The Church, described as the "Westminster Abbey of Wales", attracts thousands of visitors each year who come to view the fine collection of historic monuments, medieval carvings or simply to seek a quiet place for contemplation and prayer.
The Church faces outwards to the community and welcomes a wide range of schools and group activities.
The Tithe Barn at St Mary's Priory
Access at present to the Tapestry and exihibits in the Tithe Barn is between the hours of 10.00am and 2.00pm, which are our core hours.
The restored Tithe Barn explains and interprets the history of the Priory Church through interactive exhibitions and activities for both children and adults, whilst the Learning Service workshops enable school children to explore the Tudor life with hands on living history.
The magnificent Abergavenny Tapestry, hand stitched by Abergavenny residents, celebrates the history of the town.
The Barn also houses the Studio of our Artist in Residence, Jez Thomas.
The Priory Centre at St Mary's Priory
The history, hospitality and incomparable setting of St Mary's Priory make it an ideal venue for wedding receptions and celebrations and provides a meeting place for groups.
The conference rooms, with state of the art facilities, make it the perfect place for creativity and problem solving.
© St Mary's Priory, Abergavenny, all right reserved Design: david siddall multimedia