text:
The Jesuits Against Russia!!
From Russia with hate!!
The Jesuits entered Russia from the very beginning seeking to overthrow the Orthodox church and annex that GREAT country to the Spanish empire.
The Orthodox church came from Constantinople which was founded by Emperor Constantine—the first Pope.
Roman Emperor Constantine.
Roman Emperor Constantine founded a new capital called Constantinople or New Rome.
When New Rome fell to the Terrible Turks in 1453, Moscow became the 3rd Rome.
Constantinople became the new capital of the Roman Empire.
This was the 2nd Rome. When Constantinople fell to the Muslims, Moscow became known as the 3rd Rome.
The Emperors at Constantinople called themselves Roman Emperors even though they spoke Greek and lived in the Eastern part of the Empire.
The Emperors at Rome were replaced by the Popes, and the Pope's followers became known as LATINS....The principal Latin nations were: Italy, France, and Iberia (later Spain and Portugal).
All true Christians–both East and West–originally called themselves CATHOLIC which means UNIVERSAL in contradistinction to the Jewish congregation which was local and restricted to Jews and proselytes only.
When Rome and Constantinople split around 1054, the Latin church arrogated the name CATHOLIC, while the Greeks adopted the name Orthodox, which means adhering to the accepted or traditional and established faith.
At the time of the blessed Reformation, a new name was given to those who followed the teachings of the Bible alone and rejected Rome's claims.... They were called Protestants . . . but they are the true CATHOLIC and ORTHODOX CHRISTIANS.
Constantinople fell to the Terrible Turks in 1453
Ferocious battles were fought by the Papacy to subjugate the 2nd Rome to the Latin church. During the 4th Crusade in 1204 A.D., the Latins attacked Constantinople and completely destroyed the city.
Finally in 1453, the Papacy used the Turks to bring an end to the Constantinean Roman dynasty.
Constantine XI (1449–1453).
Considered the last Roman Emperor.
The Latin church fought ferocious battles to overthrow the Eastern Roman Emperors.
Finally in 1453, they used the Ottoman Empire to conquer Constantinople.
Sultan Mehmed II (1449–1481).
Conqueror of Constantinople.
After that defeat, the Orthodox Church moved to Moscow and that city became known as the the 3rd Rome.
The Orthodox Church preserved the manuscripts of the Greek New Testament....The conquest of Constantinople by the Turks caused many of the Greek scholars to flee to Italy bringing their manuscripts with them.
Erasmus of Rotterdam used these ancient manuscripts to prepare Latin and Greek editions of the New Testament.
Saint Martin Luther and the other Reformers used the Latin and Greek editions of Erasmus to translate the Scriptures into the living languages of Europe.
"Christ" the Saviour Cathedral in Moscow.
After the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks, the Orthodox Church moved to Moscow and Moscow became known as the 3rd Rome.
The ruler of Russia became known by the title TSAR which means Caesar.
Caesar (Lat. hairy) was the title of the Roman Emperors in Constantinople.
The Orthodox "christ" with the long hair looks a lot like Zeus.
After the Fall of Constantinople, the Sultans of Constantinople . . . and the Tsars of Russia claimed to be the successors of the Caesars.
Ivan IV was the first Russian TSAR or Caesar!!
Ivan Vasilyevich was the first Russian ruler to call himself TSAR or CAESAR....That was because he saw himself as successor and protector of the Greek Orthodox Church which escaped from Constantinople.
Ivan wasn't so TERRIBLE. . . at least not before the Jesuits tried to poison him.
His marriage to Anastasia Romanovna founded the Romanov dynasty which lasted until its overthrow by the "Communists" in 1917.
During his reign, that GREAT country became the largest empire on earth, as it spread westward to the Pacific Ocean; southward to the Crimea, and west to the Baltic Sea. the Russian Empire reached even as far as California.
Ivan IV (1530–1584).
Reigned from 1533 to 1584.
Ivan was a very enlightened and tolerant ruler until the death of his beloved wife, Anastasia, by poison.
Obviously the poison was meant for him . . . but he survived.
Death of the Tsar's beloved wife,
Anastasia, by poison, in 1560.
Poison has been known to affect people MENTALLY as well as physically....In the case of Ivan . . . the poison made him TERRIBLE!!
Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812
It was always very, very difficult for the Jesuits to penetrate Orthodox Russia from within . . . so their first major attempt at its overthrow from without was made by the British spy Napoleon Bonaparte.
After he was crowned emperor of the French, Napoleon decided to add Russia to his empire....On June 22, 1812, he launched a massive invasion of Russia with over half a millions soldiers from Papal France and his other vassal states.
Battle of Borodino outside Moscow.
Bonaparte's Grande Armée actually made it all the way to Moscow.
The French soldiers looted and burned the city.
Looting and burning of Moscow
by the Papal French.
Tsar Alexander I refused to negotiate a surrender so Napoleon was forced to retreat during the bitter Russian winter.
Tsar Alexander the Great–conqueror of Napoleon
Tsar Alexander I was one of Russia's greatest Tsars....He is known in history as the conqueror of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Tsar Alexander I (1777–1825).
The invasion of Russia and the fires of Moscow enlightened his soul to the true nature of the Bonaparte regime.
From that time onward until his untimely death, the Holy Scriptures were his constant guide.
He took personal command of the army and led it all the way to Paris and the overthrow of Bonaparte.
Alexander led his victorious
armies all the way to Paris.
When Napoleon reached Moscow and set the city on fire, the Tsar had a mighty spiritual awakening which showed him the true nature of Napoleon Bonaparte:
Alexander went forward with his army in a state bordering on religious ecstasy. More and more he turned to the eleventh chapter of the Book of Daniel with the apocalyptic vision of how the all-conquering King of the South is cast down by the King of the North. It seemed to him as if the prophecies, which had sustained him during the dark days of autumn and early winter, were now to be fulfilled: Easter this year would come with a new spiritual significance of hope for all Europe. 'Placing myself firmly in the hands of God I submit blindly to His will', he informed his friend Golitsyn from Radzonow, on the Wrkra. 'My faith is sincere and warms with passion. Every day it grows firmer and I experience joys I had never known before....It is difficult to express in words the benefits I gain from reading the Scriptures, which previously I knew only superficially... All my glory I dedicate to the advancement of the reign of the Lord Jesus Christ.' (Palmer, Alexander I Tsar of War and Peace, p.260).
Napoleon was a secret agent of the British Empire so he didn't care how many French soldiers died in the bitter cold.
Napoleon's retreat from Moscow.
Napoleon's disastrous retreat from Moscow cost him 570,000 soldiers.
Over 570, 000 soldiers perished.
The defeat of Bonaparte ended the Jesuits dream of using Napoleon to annex the Orthodox Church to the Latin Papacy.
Napoleon arrived back in France with his Grande Armée reduced by 570,000 of his best soldiers....He was forced to abdicate and Alexander was careful to let the French people choose their own government.
The victorious Allies entered Paris in
March 1814, led by Tsar Alexander.
The victorious Allies entered Paris in March 1814, led by Tsar Alexander I.
The Tsar died of poisoning on Dec. 1, 1825, in the Russian city of Taganrog.
Inspired by his new found faith, Alexander proposed a Holy Alliance of peace and Christian charity among all the states of Europe.
Only Great Britain, the Vatican, and the Turks refused to sign.
The monarchy was restored when Bourbon King Louis XVIII assured the Tsar that he would respect the constitutional rights of the French people.
This GREAT Tsar was absolutely horrified by the slaughter of the Napoleonic wars, so he proposed a treaty of friendship among all the European states called the Holy Alliance. This alliance was to instill the Christian virtues of charity and peace in European political life.
In conjunction with the British Bible Society, he arranged for the translation and distribution of the Scriptures throughout Russia. This also earned the Tsar the undying hatred of the Jesuits.
The Holy Alliance and the distribution of the Scriptures ended with the untimely death of the Tsar by poisoning onDecember 1, 1825, in the Russian city of Taganrog.
Grigori Rasputin–the Mad MI6 Monk!!
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin–the Mad Monk–the name itself tells us everything we need to know about his character....It conjures up images of dark intrigues and your worst nightmares....Even in Russia today, parents tell their children that if they don't behave, Rasputin will get them!!
Rasputin belonged to a mysterious, bizarre sect called Khlysts or Khlysty who were just Jesuits in disguise:
The Khlysty sect drew their greatest strength from mystery, and in order to preserve this mystery, to protect the truth from any profanation, the founders of the new doctrine prescribed that their adherents should strictly observe in externals the forms of the "false faith," Orthodoxy, and even distinguish themselves by special zeal in observance. (Fülöp-Miller, Rasputin the Holy Devil, p. 19).
In 1903, Rasputin arrived in Saint Petersburg, where he gradually gained a reputation as a starets (or holy man) with strange supernatural powers of healing and prophecy.
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin
Rasputin's career mirrors that of David Riccio in Scotland.
After many travels in Siberia and throughout Europe, he arrived at St. Petersburg, in 1903.
Tsarskoe Selo (Tsar's Village) just south of St. Petersburg was the home of the Tsar and his family.
St. Petersburg was the Russian center of power and the place to be in order to gain access to the Tsar and his family.
St. Petersburg was the ideal place for anybody seeking access to Emperor Nicholas II and his family.
Nicholas and Alexandra
Nicholas and Alexandra ruled the vast Russian empire from Poland in the West to the Pacific ocean in the East. They had 4 daughters, and one son named Alexei.
Tsar Nicholas II (1868–1918).
Tsar from 1894 to 1917.
Rasputin gained entrance to the Russian royal family by means of a close friend of the Tsaritsa.
Tsarevich Alexei had a blood disease known as hemophilia which was life threatening.
When Rasputin entered his presence, the bleeding miraculously stopped!!
Empress Alexandra (1872–????).
Tsarevich Alexei had a blood disease known as hemophilia which was life threatening. This was a golden opportunity for Rasputin, who was introduced to the court by Anna Vyrubova, lady-in-waiting to the Empress.
The Tsar with his wife, 4 daughters
and son Alexei.
In 1905, Rasputin was introduced to the Tsaritsa as a healer and the bleeding miraculously stopped when he was present.
This gave him an opportunity to become the father confessor and political adviser to the Tsaritsa and thus influence her husband the Emperor.
Tsarevich Alexei
Rasputin gained total ascendancy over the royal family through his healing of the Tsar's son. Just like David Riccio in Scotland, he began to fill important government positions with his "friends."
Rasputin had total control over Nicholas and Alexandra
At the beginning of WWI, Rasputin's advice caused the Tsar to make disastrous decisions on the battlefield, leading to the withdrawal of Russia from the war.
Cartoons began to appear on the streets of St. Petersburg showing the Tsar as a puppet of Rasputin and the Tsaritsa as his LOVER.
Rasputin and the Tsaritsa as lovers.
Russia's Ruling House.
The Tsar and Tsaritsa sitting on Rasputin's lap.
The Tsar dancing to Rasputin's tune.
Art does mirror life and the cartoons were expressing the political reality of the Russian royal family. Rumors were flying the lecherous Rasputin was having sex with Tsarists . . . and her daughters!!
The murder of MI6 Rasputin in 1916
As in the case of David Riccio in Scotland, 2 patriotic Russians named Prince Felix Yusupov and Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich decided to get rid of Rasputin in order to save their country. It's doubtful that they knew he was a Jesuit in disguise but they knew he was a menace to the royal family and the nation.
Prince Felix Yusupov (1887–1967) shown here with his wife Irina.
2 patriotic Russians decided to get rid of Rasputin by assassination.
On December 16, 1916, he was lured to the Yusupov's Moika Palace, and served massive amounts of cyanide.
Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich (1891–1941).
The cyanide failed to kill him, so he was shot several times, and his body was dumped into the Neva River.
It's doubtful that they knew he was a Jesuit in disguise, but they knew he was a menace to the royal family, and the entire nation.
Raputin drinks the poisoned wine as he waits to "heal" Irina.
Rasputin was a "faith healer" and notorious womanizer, so Prince Felix told him that his wife was "sick" and would like to be "healed."
Rasputin's horribly mutilated body was pulled from the Neva River.
As he waited for Irina, Rasputin ate enough poisoned candy and drank enough poisoned wine to kill an elephant!! he was shot several times, and dumped in the Neva River.
The Russian Revolution was the work of the British Secret Service!!
The Russian Revolution was the work of the Okhrana–the Russian branch of the British Secret Service. The chief of the Western European branch of Okhrana, Pyotr Ivanovich Rachkovsky, was based in Paris. Rachkovsky worked closely with John E. Wilkie, William Melville and Harry Houdini.
The murder of Rasputin delayed . . . but did not eventually stop the Russian Revolution.
Vladimir Lenin
The cover for the Russian Revolution was atheistic Marxist-Leninism.
It is easy to tell that the Jesuits were behind the Revolution because the "Communists" adopted the Pope's Gregorian calendar.
"Bolshevik" forces marching on
Red Square in 1917.
The Okhrana consolidated the "Communist" regime by getting rid of the Tsar and his family.
With the "Communist" regime in power, Russia was now officially atheistic, and this paved the way for another invasion of Russia, this time by Nazi Germany, in order to get rid of "godless" Russia!!
Nazi Germany invaded Russia in 1941
On June 22, 1941–exactly 129 years from the invasion of Napoleon, three million German troops attacked the Soviet Union, breaking the non-aggression pact Hitler had concluded with Stalin two years earlier. This invasion, called Operation Barbarossa, seized huge amounts of territory, including the Baltic states, Belarus, and Ukraine.
Fuhrer Adolf Hitler
The swastika and skull and bones are all Jesuit symbols.
Hitler had a Jesuit in his ancestry because his grandmother, Maria Anna Schicklgruber, was raped while working in the Rothschild castle in Austria.
Heinrich Himmler (1900–19??), with the skull and bones symbol of the dreaded SS.
To the great regret of Hitler and Stalin, Greece and Serbia delayed Operation Barbarossa by up to 4 weeks . . . and that delay cost Nazi Germany the war.
Nazi Germany was finally defeated by Russia in 1945 and Adolf Hitler retired to Argentina.
The Orthodox church was the special target of the Soviets
For 70 years the Soviets relentlessly attacked the Orthodox church. The Orthodox priests were their special targets. Many were sent to the Gulag and most of their churches and schools were closed. It was the longest sustained persecution in the entire history of the world:
For seventy years the official ideology of the USSR was "scientific atheism," carefully termed "Marxism-Leninism" for Western consumption. Lenin and Stalin were equal opportunity haters of all religions, but Russian Orthodoxy, state faith of the tsarist empire, was their special target. Khrushchev, who passed as a reformer in the West, confidently predicted that "the last remaining priest would be exhibited at a museum twenty years hence." He did not specify if this cleric would be stuffed or live, but his point was clear. Though Khrushchev fell from power in October 1964, the anti-Orthodox campaign did not let up. And yet, on this August afternoon in 1987, it looked as if the sun shone over a service that had been running continually since 1917. The packed cathedral, the icons, the ecstatic believers, the beautiful liturgy, and the exquisite robes of the two patriarchs seemed as if nothing had changed. Only the artificial bright lights of the Soviet television crew and its huge black boom and cameras betrayed the date. (Garrard, Russian Orthodoxy Resurgent, p.6).
Imagine the shock of the Jesuits when the Soviet Union collapsed and Orthodoxy was not dead but showed vital signs of coming to life again under Patriarch Alexy II.
1812 Overture by Tchaikovsky Part 1 on YouTube
(Berlin Philharmonic).
(Royal Albert Hall).
Bobrick, Benson. Fearful Majesty. The Life and Reign of Ivan the Terrible. G. P. Putnam's Son's. New York, 1987.
De Jonge, Alex. The Life and Times of Grigori Rasputin. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, New York, 1982.
Fülöp-Miller, René. Rasputin the Holy Devil. The Viking Press, New York, 1928.
Fülöp-Miller, René. The Power and Secrets of the Jesuits. George Braziller, Inc., New York, 1956.
Garrard, John & Carol Garrard. Russian Orthodoxy Resurgent: Faith and Power in the New Russia. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2008.
Palmer, Alan. Alexander I Tsar of War and Peace. Harper & Row Publishers, New York, 1974.
Troyat, Henri. Alexander of Russia. Napoleon's Conqueror. E. P. Dutton, Inc., New York, 1982.
Tolstoy, Leo, War and Peace. Penguin Books. New York, 2005 reprint.


text:
Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method
Alpesh Patel, Allan Chasey
Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, School of (SEBE)
The U.S. continues to face the challenge of correctly identifying underground utilities before beginning a construction project. Having accurately mapped utilities and knowing their location will increase efficiency in the construction process, reducing accidents and utility interruptions. A methodology to integrate Global Positioning System (GPS) and laser technology will be outlined. This process will assist field technicians in collecting underground utility field location data, accurately and consistently, in a minimal amount of time, with less effort, while maintaining maximum safety. It will also form a framework to develop a permanent data solution in which data collected can be stored in a database and retrieved in a three dimensional geo-referenced map for future use. This research focused on utilities which were installed using an open trench method. The integrated technology was tested under construction field conditions. The results of the research indicate that utility data can be collected quickly and cost effectively through this process. The positional accuracy of underground utilities was mapped in three dimensions (3D) within ± 0.45m accuracy. Copyright ASCE 2010.
Construction Research Congress 2010
Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress
https://doi.org/10.1061/41109(373)63
Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Banff, AB, Canada
Duration: May 8 2010 → May 10 2010
Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress
Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice
Banff, AB
Urban system framework
Utility locating methods
Utility mapping
Utility safety
10.1061/41109(373)63
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Global positioning system Engineering & Materials Science
Lasers Engineering & Materials Science
Accidents Engineering & Materials Science
Patel, A., & Chasey, A. (2010). Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method. In Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress (pp. 627-636). (Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress). https://doi.org/10.1061/41109(373)63
Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method. / Patel, Alpesh; Chasey, Allan.
Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress. 2010. p. 627-636 (Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress).
Patel, A & Chasey, A 2010, Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method. in Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress. Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress, pp. 627-636, Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice, Banff, AB, Canada, 5/8/10. https://doi.org/10.1061/41109(373)63
Patel A, Chasey A. Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method. In Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress. 2010. p. 627-636. (Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress). https://doi.org/10.1061/41109(373)63
Patel, Alpesh ; Chasey, Allan. / Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method. Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress. 2010. pp. 627-636 (Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice - Proceedings of the 2010 Construction Research Congress).
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title = "Integrating GPS and laser technology to map underground utilities installed using open trench method",
abstract = "The U.S. continues to face the challenge of correctly identifying underground utilities before beginning a construction project. Having accurately mapped utilities and knowing their location will increase efficiency in the construction process, reducing accidents and utility interruptions. A methodology to integrate Global Positioning System (GPS) and laser technology will be outlined. This process will assist field technicians in collecting underground utility field location data, accurately and consistently, in a minimal amount of time, with less effort, while maintaining maximum safety. It will also form a framework to develop a permanent data solution in which data collected can be stored in a database and retrieved in a three dimensional geo-referenced map for future use. This research focused on utilities which were installed using an open trench method. The integrated technology was tested under construction field conditions. The results of the research indicate that utility data can be collected quickly and cost effectively through this process. The positional accuracy of underground utilities was mapped in three dimensions (3D) within ± 0.45m accuracy. Copyright ASCE 2010.",
keywords = "Damage prevention, Global positioning system, Laser, Underground utilities, Urban system framework, Utility locating methods, Utility mapping, Utility safety",
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AB - The U.S. continues to face the challenge of correctly identifying underground utilities before beginning a construction project. Having accurately mapped utilities and knowing their location will increase efficiency in the construction process, reducing accidents and utility interruptions. A methodology to integrate Global Positioning System (GPS) and laser technology will be outlined. This process will assist field technicians in collecting underground utility field location data, accurately and consistently, in a minimal amount of time, with less effort, while maintaining maximum safety. It will also form a framework to develop a permanent data solution in which data collected can be stored in a database and retrieved in a three dimensional geo-referenced map for future use. This research focused on utilities which were installed using an open trench method. The integrated technology was tested under construction field conditions. The results of the research indicate that utility data can be collected quickly and cost effectively through this process. The positional accuracy of underground utilities was mapped in three dimensions (3D) within ± 0.45m accuracy. Copyright ASCE 2010.
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KW - Global positioning system
KW - Laser
KW - Underground utilities
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Y2 - 8 May 2010 through 10 May 2010

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


South East Kansas contains the 28 counties featured on the eastern half of southern Kansas.
The entire region features a terrain of rolling hills and small rivers. It features mostly small towns.
The region is in the heart of the Great Plains. Some large rivers run through the region, including the Neosho, the Marais des Cygnes and the Verdigris.
The largest city of this region is Wichita, at a population of approximately 390,000 (2016).
Other Major cities include Fort Scott, Pittsburgh and Independence.


text:
Eduard Riedl (born 20 August 1901, date of death unknown) was a Czech middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

References

External links

1901 births
Year of death missing
Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Czech male middle-distance runners
Olympic athletes of Czechoslovakia
Place of birth missing

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Missouri is a rising star among the states in terms of the benefits it can offer to new business owners. Forbes Magazine ranked it #12 in the entire country for regulatory environment, and it ranks within the top 20 for business costs. Plus, Missouri also offers an excellent quality of life and attracts people for its lower-than-average cost of living. It also ranks third overall for its offerings in terms of incentives and its outreach in economic development.
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Filling out paperwork, and especially government forms, is a less glamourous side of owning a small business. But when it involves the creation of your business, it's worth making sure the task is done right. Getting your tax ID number is easier than you think, especially if you let GovDocFiling help. You can get it done quickly and easily when you follow the right steps.
Whether you're establishing a sole proprietorship, or you need to know how to form an LLC in Missouri, you can find more information using the GovDocFiling system. Once that's done, your next step is getting a tax ID number. When you're ready to complete the application, you can do that completely online as well. We know how to get a tax id number for your Missouri business, and you'll have what you need in no time.
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When death is mine, I'll smile to meet it.
Because without it, I'd feel cheated.
Death is naught but needed end.
I'll go in silence that I don't know.
so that my body will go cold.
But death will not come by my deed.
than I've portrayed in seasons passed.
In life is love and memory.
In life alone can love hold fast.
because this life will be my last.
but I can take this all in stride.
the home that my death can't provide.
Mr Of DooM!(zul)~ slalu wat kecoh n! memekak n! mencarot!! ko wat aku rase nak sepak ko=.="
ayie~~ ci kurus nieh agak pemalas.. -.-" kurangkan la gelak kow..


(Queen's Park, April 24, 2013) At a joint media conference at the Ontario Legislature, Recycling Council of Ontario (RCO) and Ontario Waste Management Association (OWMA) called for new legislation that drives and achieves greater waste diversion.
Prior to a new round of eco fees that are scheduled for May 1, 2013, the two organizations declared the current framework for producer responsibility in Ontario is fundamentally flawed and no longer workable. The current Waste Diversion Act (WDA) lacks accountability, transparency, oversight, and effective enforcement mechanisms.
"The WDA was introduced in 2002 and a decade later, we continue to expend major resources to do little more than tinker with programs under flawed framework. Since that time, we have seen little improvement in waste diversion and, still over 75 percent of Ontario's materials are lost to disposal," stated Jo-Anne St. Godard, Executive Director, Recycling Council of Ontario.
"The WDA has failed consumers, the economy and our environment," said Peter Hargreave, Director of Policy, Ontario Waste Management Association. He also observed, "Numerous controversies over eco fees, repeatedly missed diversion targets, and major marketplace disruptions illustrate that the current legislation is unworkable."
OWMA and RCO call for a simplified and streamlined approach to Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) that requires individual producers of products and packaging to be fully responsible for ensuring their materials are properly managed at end-of-life, with improved oversight that focuses on results. This approach provides producers the freedom and flexibility to drive recycling results at least cost to consumers.
The proposed reforms are predicated on the RCO and OWMA position that extended producer responsibility is a pivotal waste diversion policy element in most environmentally progressive and effective jurisdictions around the world.
- Focus responsibility on individual companies - get rid of agencies that allow producers to 'outsource' their costs and responsibility and allow them to do what they do best: innovate and compete.
- Restrict point-of-sale fees. Recycling costs are a new cost of doing business in Ontario and should be considered in the price of the product, not added at the checkout.
- Government should set the rules (standards, targets) and enforce them with penalties.
"There is an immediate and pressing need to get to the root of the problem so we can focus on the bigger picture," said Hargreave.
St. Godard continued, "The time to act is now. The government, Ontario PC Party, Ontario NDP, Green Party of Ontario, the Environmental Commissioner of Ontario and other stakeholders agree change is necessary and overdue."
Recycling Council of Ontario (RCO) is a not-for-profit, membership-based organization committed to minimizing society's impact on the environment by eliminating waste. RCO's mission is to inform and educate all members of society about the avoidance of waste, efficient use of resources, and the benefits and/or consequences of these activities. For more, visit www.rco.on.ca.


Our production plant in Martorelles (Barcelona) has a Quality Management System (QMS) based on compliance with the medicine quality and safety guarantee standards in all processes, from the production (GMP and Law 29/2006, of 26 July, on Guarantees and Rational Use of Medicines) to the distribution of medicines for human use (GDP and 2013/C 343/01).
• Establishing, executing and maintaining a Quality System that satisfies the needs of patients, health professionals, regulatory authorities and clients.
• Process and activity control that ensures the suitability and quality of the products.
• Promoting technical knowledge and the evaluation of the quality risk analysis to facilitate the achievement of objectives.
GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES EUROPEAN UNION (GMP). Generalitat de Catalunya and Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices. 2015.
GOOD DISTRIBUTION PRACTICES EUROPEAN UNION (GDP).Generalitat de Catalunya. 2016.
FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION UNITED STATES (FDA). 2017.
SAUDI FOOD AND DRUG AUTHORITY (SFDA). 2013.


I stated the other day that i thought we'd be able to look back at our aquisitions during the summer window and say that we'd done ok.
at the time we'd had purchased duff and martins only and there was plenty time to bring in players for the other positions that needed filling. I was also trying to stay positive as the club does occasionally leave me 'pleasantly surprised' with its transfer dealings.
now that the transfer window has closed and sum of our dealings is a midfielder, a striker, another striker (on loan) and a midfielder (who can also play as a striker) i wish to retract my previous statement and i now wish to officially state that we have done SHITE.
Looking forward to Patrokles getting back to give us all a calming word tbh.
We've spent £16m for fucks sake! You're all thick!
You ARE an accountant, aren't you Gemmill????? etc. etc.
Who backed Souness? Come on, who did it?
You did Gemmill. That's the crux of the problem.
Surely rule number 1 is to start with a decent manager, especially if funds are short? Roeder has absolutely no pedigree in the transfer market and I bet there are a few more people worried now about his track record of getting teams relegated in his second year.
All of this is Shepherd's doing ultimately of course; as Alex says, he has proved time and time again that he is incapable of learning from his mistakes. And with the rife nepotism running through the club, I can't see things improving.
I really am not looking forward to this season now in the slightest.
Aye Gemmill, WHERE IS IT?
Yeah, but what have your qualifications to do with it.
Apologies are a sign of weakness. I learnt that from John Wayne.
I thought that was Ming the Merciless?
Anyway loving somebody means never having to say you're sorry-Ryan O' Neal.
Cheers mate. Assumed it had just sorted itself by magic there for a second.
Is it John Mills in 'Ryan's Daughter'?
Aye. It's my homage to the ladies of Dublin.
It's Roeder innit?? Well the teeth are the same!
Or have I been -ed??
Never been but it's funny anyway.
I'm going to Galway next time, on your recommendation!
Nice one, just watch out for the knackers, don't want anyone (well, you anyway) getting battered on my recommendation!


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Colour & Texture Boxes
The Natural Enjoyment of a Vistafolia Artificial Fake Vertical Hedge
By Paul Alder 0 Comments
Increasingly, the influence of the built environment on human behaviour, health and well-being is being recognised. While our ideal surroundings might arguably be something constructed of completely natural materials—all cob houses, vegetable patches and baked-earth bricks—this obviously isn't practicable in urban areas, where even a tree might be a rare sight and difficult to, if you'll excuse the mechanical parlance, retro-fit. So the question is, Is it possible that, in these environments, an faux artificial green wall or faux artificial hedge might play its part in improving health and happiness? Well, let's see.
First, we need to know that it really is the case that the natural environment provides a health benefit. In 2015, the University of Derby reported on the effects of a month-long "nature challenge" run by The Wildlife Trusts. Participants did "something wild" every day for thirty days and were surveyed on how they felt before, at the end and two months after their challenge. Even simple things like feeding birds and planting bee-friendly flowers had an impact, and among the significant benefits observed was a 30% increase in the number of people who reported their health as excellent.
Lovely. But we all know that the opportunity to interact with nature is often limited, especially if you only have access to the tiniest back yard or have limited physical ability. That's where you have to become inventive in introducing nature to your world. Introducing Nature into Difficult.
Spaces with an artificial hedge system
Whatever space you have, there's always room for a few pots. There's nothing much more uplifting than the scent of a paperwhite daffodil pervading a room in late winter. In limited space outdoors, a small tree such as a Japanese Maple can thrive in a large pot and shrubs like hydrangeas will also do well in large containers. The feeding and watering these plants require is all part of interacting with nature.
However, one tree and a couple of shrubs don't exactly make a garden, so the full effect is lost. But supposing their backdrop were to be a verdant green wall—something, in essence, that gives them the backdrop of a hedge? We'll come to how Vistafolia's fake hedge system can help in a moment.
Why Nature makes us feel good
What is it about a natural backdrop that is so relaxing? Rachel and Stephen Kaplan are known for their research into "restorative environments". Their theory rests on the idea that humans pay attention in two ways: a directed way and an automatic way. Directed attention is tiring and too much of it leads to what they called "direct attention fatigue", making people distracted and irritable. Examples of directed attention would be cataloguing items, proof-reading a document or analysing results. Automatic attention or, as they describe it in another way, "fascination", allows the mind to rest. We look and enjoy. Nature offers a fascination that draws our attention without our having to think about it.
The Kaplans' work on this, much of which was conducted in 1980s and 1990s, has had far-reaching influences in later work on psychology and our recognition of the importance of nature. Psychologist Terry Hartig, for example, set a group a classification task intended to exhaust their ability to pay direct attention, then sent some of the participants to the local nature reserve and others to an urban area or to read magazines and listen to music. All then took part in another directed attention task. Those who had been to the nature reserve, not only did better, but felt more positive and less angry.
Other research shows that exposure to Nature can reduce high blood pressure, improve vitality and mood, decrease anxiety and mental fatigue. NHS Forest is a national programme run by The Centre for Sustainable Health Care to help health-care organisations improve their environment and connect staff and patients with green space because of the benefits this has—increased physical and mental well-being and the impact on patients' recovery.
As part of research projects, and as result of research findings, GPs are now prescribing natural solutions to health problems they find arriving at their surgeries—membership of "green gyms", walks and nature rambles. Evidence has been growing over past decades as to how green environments make a real impact on society. They lead to better health and education and crime reduction—all of which means less demand on the public purse.
It seems that feeling part of nature creates significantly improved life satisfaction and, interestingly, the amount of satisfaction gained from being in nature has been found to measure equally with other criteria which are known to promote well-being, such as personal income, marriage and education.
How an artificial hedge can help create a natural environment
Of course, you may wonder whether any of these benefits to health and well-being could possibly accrue from sitting next to an outdoor artificial hedge, rather than a living one. However, the study by the University of Derby revealed that contact and engagement with natural beauty were good ways to help people feel linked to nature, and, perhaps surprisingly, significantly more than when, say, going for a walk in nature.
This means we need something with visual appeal. Just being outdoors doesn't have the same effect. A patch of mud is possibly one up on concrete, but not, one imagines, by much. One of the aspects of Vistafolia that we're especially proud of is the extraordinary verisimilitude we've created to living plants. An enormous amount of time and effort has gone into researching manufacturing materials and methods to recreate exceptionally life-like leaf shapes, contrasts, colouring and movement. Sitting by a Vistafolia vertical green wall or fake hedge gives you the natural beauty we subconsciously crave.
Add to this the chance to tend a few pots of plants in an environment that, thanks to the quality of the additional artificial hedge, feels and looks natural and you surely have an environment that helps to enhance the benefits even more.
Still a little doubtful?
Research into the effects of natural beauty
One of the best-known studies looking at the effect of nature is Roger S Ulrich's research into how a view of nature outside the windows of a hospital in Pennsylvania helped patients recover faster, reduced their need for pain-killers, and reduced complications, in comparison with patients whose windows only gave them a view of a wall.
This led him to recommend what he calls "supportive design"—that hospitals should include views of nature, pictures of nature in wards, aquariums and greenery in communal areas. Further research revealed the startling fact that even pictures of natural scenes had a positive effect on patient outcomes.
Artificial hedges in commercial buildings
Green walls aren't just for domestic and hospital use, of course. Increasingly, companies around the world are recognising the benefits of installing natural features. During the refurbishment of British Land's headquarters, York House, London, hundreds of plants were added, not just to clean the air but to lower stress and generally enhance health and well-being. In their new headquarters in Sydney, Australia, LendLease added a green wall, again to improve air quality, but also to improve worker productivity. In Monterrey, Mexico, the head office of Bioconstrucción y Energía Alternativa went the whole hog with a green wall, green roofs, herb and rooftop garden, ensuring that all workers had a good view of the outdoors.
Last year, the Polish Green Building Council, in conjunction with the World Green Building Council, produced a report—the first of its kind—in which it surveyed employees in Poland on how they viewed their work space. Seven hundred responses came in, 79% from people who worked in their office thirty hours or more, and 307 buildings were analysed, just over half of which were built in 2007 or later.
What emerged, among other findings, was that 54% of employees were dissatisfied with the number of plants in their offices. They also found that older buildings were particularly lacking. This brings up several points. Supposing there's just not enough space for pot plants?
Windowsills are often non-existent, computer stations can offer little spare desktop. Offices can be particularly harsh environments. Even pot plants struggle in open-plan commercial spaces, where they can dry out in the central heating and the only water supply is at the other end of the building.
Creating a low artificial hedge introduces that much needed greenery in parts of an office—along the corridor, perhaps, or next to the lift—where pots would be too awkward to clean around and maintenance a problem.
You can see how much a low artificial hedge would contribute to your work environment with the project we completed in Milan, Italy, at the Citylife Shopping Mall. They create an attractive boundary that separates the café seating areas from passing footfall, marking a route, as well as making an enticing invitation to linger and eat. In an office, fake hedge panels would make a welcome demarcation between desk areas and open-plan corridor.
Vistafolia panels can be fitted as room dividers. You could make them ceiling height, but lower artificial hedge dividers will brighten up an office, create a resting-place for the eyes, and add a welcome element of green in an otherwise barren environment. You don't have to water it, or clear away the dead plants when everyone eventually returns from their holiday.
Vistafolia's artificial hedge system in a domestic setting
Of course, you may be wondering if we at Vistafolia envisage a world taken over with artificial plants. We most definitely do not! We love plants. Our founder, Paul Alder, is a trained horticulturist with over twenty-five years' experience and awards under his belt for his garden designs.
It's because of this experience that he knows how artificial hedges and green walls have a place in garden design, and when they will be the best choice for improving a living space. It's also why Vistafolia offers such high-quality aesthetics. No one wants to look out at something that looks as if it's been made from extruded plastic. That in itself would be stressful!
That's why every effort has gone into creating a system that offers a delightful green feature in difficult situations. So, a side-passage too narrow to accommodate a living green wall (they can stand out significantly from the wall they are attached to), or without a strong enough anchorage for the fixing required (living green walls are surprisingly heavy), could well accommodate an artificial hedge wall.
If you find that demands on your time always exceed the time available to you, then a plethora of plants to look after just isn't for you. For you, a living green wall, unless you go to the expense of having it maintained by a service company, is certainly out of the question. However, Vistafolia's artificial hedge system gives you the opportunity to create a green space with just the amount of work involved that you have the time for, providing a natural-looking backdrop to the real plants you can lovingly tend.
The plants that make up Vistafolia's design have been meticulously reproduced, so much so that it's difficult to tell they're not real until you touch them. They're designed to move realistically in the breeze. The colours are varied and faithfully rendered. Compare Vistafolia with the majority of fake hedge walls and artificial vertical planting and it's like comparing something alive with something that's quite dead. For anyone looking to create truly natural-looking beauty where normally it would struggle, Vistafolia offers a perfect answer.
If you would like to explore how an artificial hedge would enhance your office, company premises or domestic environment, then contact us on info@Vistafolia.com or 020 7385 1020.
Paul Alder
Whatever your goal, garden transformation, interior enhancement or creating privacy or separation, every Vistafolia "Green Wall" system is stunning and unique. We invite you to discover the hyper-realistic artificial plants that make up the Vistafolia system for yourself. Get in touch with us today.
View e-book
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Bullish Karius beelining for Mignolet's no.1 spot: 'I want to play every game'
Loris Karius wants to keep his spot between Liverpool's sticks
Reds face Bournemouth on Sunday, where he made mistakes last season
Simon Mignolet should be fit and in contention
SEE MORE: Klopp: Why Mignolet is starting ahead of Karius today
Loris Karius has discussed his performance against West Brom, in which he kept a clean-sheet for the second time in two Premier League appearances this term.
Jurgen Klopp also called him in for the 4-0 win v Arsenal, but unfortunately against the Baggies, the attack couldn't break through and we played out a stale 0-0 draw.
Karius though was one of the more impressive performers, making a few good saves from West Brom corners and tipping a wind-assisted cross over the bar.
The young German hopes he's staked his claim for a more regular role, with Simon Mignolet expected to be fit for Sunday's tie with Bournemouth.
"It had been quite a while," he told Goal.
"Obviously I've had the Champions League games but there are not that many so I was happy to get a start here. I wasn't really expecting it but it was nice to play.
"It is always a battle, it doesn't matter in which club or which position. If you don't perform well, even when you start, you might lose your spot in any position so you have to perform and the rest is up to the manager.
"I was happy I got a start and I'll just try to keep the standard high in training. That's all I can do. The decision who plays is the manager's job.
"I want to play every game and my favourite option would be to play again on Sunday. But I have to take it as it comes and perform well when I am in the squad.
"I think I did a decent job against West Brom. The manager has trust in me otherwise he wouldn't have thrown me in.
"I have to show him in training I am ready for the upcoming games and then he is the one who picks. I would prefer to play every single game now so we will just have to wait and see."
We think there isn't much between Karius and Mignolet. Neither fill us with endless confidence, though, and ideally, we'd buy an elite stopper at some point.
This isn't something on Jurgen Klopp's radar though, so we expect the pair to continue rotating throughout the campaign.
More Stories: Loris Karius, Simon Mignolet
Loris Karius transfer to be blocked this month with Liverpool not willing to lose more money on German 'keeper
News Posted January 7, 2022 8:13
Loris Karius set for first start since 2018 Champions League final as a reported 14 COVID cases cripple Liverpool squad options
Loris Karius linked with a move away from Anfield as soon as January with the 28-year-old looking to kick-start his career
News Posted December 15, 2021 7:51
(Image) Alisson and rest of the goalkeeper squad share a picture in training as team spirit remains high ahead of Arsenal game
News Posted November 19, 2021 10:13
(Video) Loris Karius practicing diving headers in 'Inside Training' video, alongside Adrian and Pitaluga


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Interview with Keith Ganney
AGanneyK170301.mp3
Flying Officer Keith Ganney joined the Air Force in 1942 and trained in Canada. He flew operations as a bomb aimer with 57 Squadron from RAF East Kirkby.
Harry Bartlett
Julie Williams
AGanneyK170301
PGanneyK1714
England--Yorkshire
HB: This is an interview with Keith Ganney, flying officer with 57 squadron whose date of birth is 10th of November 1922. His service number was 1324929. Interview is taking place at ****. Interviewer is Harry Bartlett, a volunteer with the International Bomber Command Centre. Good morning Mr Ganney.
KG: Good morning.
HB: Perhaps you could just give us an idea of what you were doing prior to the war starting.
KG: Yes, well, are we recording now?
HB: Yes. Yes. We are on recording.
KG: Do what Max Bygraves used to say, 'I'm going to tell you a story.'
HB: You carry on.
KG: I'm going to start at the beginning. I met my wife when she was not quite seventeen in 19, early 1942. Her birthday is the 6th of February 1942 and I'd met her through going on a fairly regular basis to a bank on behalf of the company I worked for and I then decided I ought to take her out to lunch because I really fancied her. Is this all right?
HB: Yeah. This is your interview.
KG: I really fancied her so I took her out to lunch and it cost me a small fortune in so far as she said she wasn't hungry and she had a bowl of soup which would cost about one and a half pence in today's money. I don't know what I had. And then a week or so after that I took her to the pictures and we saw a film called, "Ships with Wings," and she was most impressed with me because I had been given a nice wallet by my parents when I was nineteen in the previous November, November 1941 and I pulled out a shiny, five, a pound note and that seemed to impress her. So obviously at that time she was after my money.
HB: [laughs] A man of substance.
KG: Yeah. Anyhow, we dated then for a few weeks until I joined and I'd already enlisted in the December 1941, the RAF and I was called up in, I think it was February '42 and we went to St John 's Wood and crossed Abbey Road long before the Beatles were even born. So we we went there for kitting out and whatever. Make sure we were still alive I guess. From there we went down to Brighton for marching and learning how to salute which is obviously a pre-requisite if you're flying on Lancasters. So we stayed at Brighton for about a few weeks at the Metropole Hotel in Brighton and from there we moved to Scarborough and at Scarborough, in Scarborough one afternoon I was called out with about four others, my name was first on the list, to be guard commander for the officer, officer inspecting because we were guarding the Grand Hotel in Scarborough which is a grand hotel or was and I said, 'Well I know nothing about rifles or anything like that,' and this sergeant, I should think he was the 1914/18 sergeant, he said, 'Weren't you in the ATC?' So I said, 'No.' 'Or the air training corps or cadet corps?' So I said, 'No. I don't even know which side of the shoulder you put your rifle on.' So he said, 'Oh God,' he said, 'Well in that case, number two you'd better be guard commander. You'd better be guard commander until the inspection and then you can take over as guard commander,' which is what we did. I think there were about four or five of us. There wasn't a bullet amongst us. If a German had come up we would have surrendered Scarborough plus the Grand Hotel without any trouble at all. So that was a little escapade in Scarborough. From Scarborough we moved to Brough just outside Hull for initial training on flying Tiger Moths and I qualified for flying Tiger Moths after, I think about ten hours and from then on we got shuttled off to Canada. We went out on the Queen Mary, the old Queen Mary and eventually when we came back we came back on the old Queen Elizabeth. And then we went to New York. From New York we went by train to New Brunswick to a town called Moncton where, I don't know what we did there, we just festered around I think until such time as we were allotted to various places around Canada. It so happened that myself together with I think three or four other blokes were sent to Saskatchewan. A little place called Davidson of about five hundred people right in the middle of the prairies. Nice flat area for flying in and it was lovely going from Moncton out to Saskatchewan by train, one of these big Canadian type trains. I think it took us about two or three nights to get there. Am I doing to much?
HB: Absolutely spot on.
KG: Is it?
HB: Yeah. Absolutely super.
KG: We then went, got to Davidson. There were only about five hundred people, as far as I can remember, in this town, inverted commas and the girls there had never seen an English person because it was way out in the, in the sticks. The thing was, 'Say something. We think you're cute.' So we, I started to fly Cornells there. A two seater aeroplane. A little bit up from a Tiger Moth. A single, single plane and during one of those escapades I was sitting in the parachute room and an instructor came in, I didn't know who he was, and he said, 'Where's your instructor?' I said, 'He's got the day off.' So he said, 'Have you, have you done aerobatics?' So I said, 'No.' 'Well get your chute on. We'll do some aerobatics.' Well it so happened that I'd been gorging myself on peanuts so you can imagine what happened when I, when we were doing loops and God knows what and he said when I coughed up, he said 'Tastes better the first time doesn't it?' So anyhow I spent Christmas of 1942 it would be because at this time of year it was around about December and the Christmas 1942 with some people who had asked to take on a couple of RAF people and eventually I went solo on Cornells and did quite a lot of trips on them as my logbook will show you. From there we went to a place called Dauphin, D A U P H I N. Dauphin in Manitoba to fly on Cessna Cranes, twin engines Cessna Cranes. Like a downmarket version of an Anson. So I flew those and, sorry, my train of thought's going. So after, after that they tested me after I'd done a lot of flying. My log book will tell you how many hours I did there but did a lot of flying, they tested me and found me wanting.
HB: Oh dear.
KG: Which I was, on hindsight I was very, very pleased about. I was kicked off the pilot's course and because they didn't think I'd make a very good pilot although I'd done a lot of cross countries by myself and if if they hadn't had kicked me, if they had kept me going it's almost certain I would be dead because I would have entered flying a lot earlier than I ultimately did. So I then had to re-muster and I decided well the quickest way to get back home was a short course as opposed to navigation which was a bit of a longer course, I enrolled as a bomb aimer and I went to a place called Paulsen I think it was. Paulsen. And qualified as a bomb aimer there in about 19, early 1943. Perhaps you can tell.
HB: I've just come to, in your Canadian logbook.
KG: Yeah.
HB: April 1943 you're flying a Crane and it's a progress check.
HB: And then this -
KG: That was in April.
HB: Yeah. And this, this logbook then finishes. I'm sure. Yes. There's no other entries in there and we move to your smaller A5 size Canadian logbook and that starts May 29th 1943 and you're on an Anson.
KG: Yes, that's right.
HB: 8603
KG: We -
HB: With Sergeant Sagar.
KG: We came, we came back, as I say on the Queen Elizabeth and we were posted to Penrhos in North Wales where we did further training at AFU, Advanced Flying Unit practicing bomb aiming with twenty two pound smoke bombs and things like that and the pilots were also practicing. From there we went, from there where did we go?
HB: Well that was, that was, the AFU was number 9 AFU at Penrhos.
KG: Penrhos that's right.
HB: Penrhos. And so you then went to the 17 OTU at Silverstone.
KG: OTU.
HB: March.
KG: Operational Training Unit and we -
HB: March 1944.
KG: I think it was before that. We flew on, we got allocated to the various crews and there again your life depended on who chose you. It was just like picking up a football team in the playground when you were about ten years old. I'll have him, I'll have him and there was no question of what were your abilities or anything. It was just by chance.
HB: Where did you do that Keith? Was that in a sort of like a big hangar or -
KG: I can't remember where we actually did the selection but it was just a very much of a random selection of a whole swarm of people saying, 'Well I'll have him and I'll have him,' until you've got the seven bods that you need. Then we flew there. I think it, wasn't it the Advanced Flying Unit? AFU, as I say.
HB: I'm just looking at your logbook here and it's got you, you're at the AFU until mid-February
HB: '43, sorry '44.
KG: Yeah on the AFU we, we were flying Wellingtons, this was for the pilot's benefit, Wellingtons and Stirlings.
HB: Oh right.
KG: Until we, from there we graduated on flying the bigger stuff until we went to the OTU and Operational Training Unit and eventually we went on to what they called the LFS. Lancaster Finishing School.
HB: Yeah.
KG: So by that time I think we were in 1944, early 1944 maybe the end of '43.
HB: I've got, I've got in your logbook here if it helps June the 16th 1944. Conversion Unit Wigsley.
KG: Wigsley yeah.
HB: And it starts, that starts off with Stirlings.
KG: Yeah. That was June '44 was it?
HB: That was in June '44.
KG: Then you go on to the LFS I think.
HB: Yeah and then we've the LFS up the road at Nottingham at Syerston there.
KG: Syerston, yeah.
HB: July 28th
KG: So that's where we went first on to Lancasters. Then we got posted. Then we got posted to East Kirkby, to the squadron.
KG: And the skipper was a Geordie lad from around the Houghton le Spring area of Durham and he seemed very keen to get on to operations. I wasn't all that keen 'cause I thought you could be killed.
KG: So eventually he kept on going to the squadron leader and the squadron leader, 'No. You can't go on this one. You haven't done any daylight trips yet. You can't go on that one because it's too far. And it was typical RAF one of the first two trips that we went on Konigsberg.
KG: Which was about eleven.
HB: Eleven hours.
KG: Eleven hours, eleven and a quarter hours and we got caught in the searchlights there. We weaved our way out of them and we had to divert when we got back to the UK. I think we landed somewhere up in Scotland somewhere and had to stay there the night because of bad weather and the next day which was a Sunday we took off to go back to our own base and he was determined to fly over his house because he was more or less enroute so he flew over his house and revved up these four Lancaster engines vroom vroom so you can imagine the noise.
KG: They make and eventually of course his family came out and he did some sneak turns and he could see his family house and his parents apparently. So that was Konigsberg. First trip. Then the following Saturday we went to Konigsberg again.
HB: Yeah. Yeah.
KG: We obviously hadn't done a very good job.
KG: Not done a very good job. So that was two very long trips.
HB: Can I just ask you something Keith? I'm just looking at your logbook here and you've got two night time operations 16th and 18th of August. One is called bullseye.
KG: Oh well those are -
HB: The Hague.
HB: And bullseye. What were the bullseye operations?
KG: Bullseye was a sort of a training flight.
HB: Right.
KG: A pseudo operation. And sometimes when you went on a bullseye you'd, you know, a crowd of you, various aircraft from other squadrons or other parts of 5 group would go out in to the North Sea and whatever as if it was going to be a raid so that was a bullseye.
KG: But it wasn't an operation as such.
KG: I think, I think after that what have we got as the next one?
HB: Yeah. You've done the two Konigsberg and then you do a daytime raid.
KG: Yeah. That's right.
HB: To Burgainsville.
KG: Yeah. That was for, that was for these flying bomb sites.
HB: Oh right. Yeah.
KG: All the night flights are in red.
KG: And the green flights are day flights. We then carried on. I don't think there was anything particularly exciting.
HB: Well you did, well you did Boulogne. That, that could be a bit hairy I think.
HB: I've been told.
KG: Boulogne. I don't remember -
HB: Bremerhaven.
KG: Bremerhaven. Yeah, we went to Bremerhaven. I mean we got shot at obviously and, just turn off the tape a minute will you.
HB: Yeah. No problem.
KG: Please. Just a second.
[machine paused]
HB: Interview recommenced just while Mr Ganney had a little cough. Well you had number 6 operation was Bremerhaven.
HB: But then number twelve which would make you fairly experienced then because you'd done quite a few daytime ops, that was Bremen.
KG: I think it was probably Bremen.
KG: Anyhow, when, shall I repeat - ?
HB: Yes. Yes please. Yeah.
KG: We were instructed bomb Bremen docks I suppose and the town and we were told to run up on a single marker on the ground laid by the master bomber and each aircraft was given a different angle to come in at and a different time delay. So the thing was that you do saturate the bombing and because we were an experienced crew at that time we had, I think it was a twenty eight seconds delay and as bomb aimer I lined everything up and I had to shout out, 'Now,' when we got exactly on the marker and the navigator was supposed to count twenty eight seconds and tell me when effectively to release the bombs. So after flying through loads of flak and God knows what, the fighters as well I suppose he, I said, 'Isn't it that time?' 'Oh my God,' he said, 'I've forgotten to count.' So immediately I let the bombs go. Where they finished up I don't know and the, when I went for a commission this matter was raised with the commanding officer as to why my picture, 'cause you always took photographs, why my picture was so far away from the centre so I had to tell him what had happened. So that was a silly situation. So -
HB: It obviously didn't affect the, the inevitable promotion.
KG: Well no. I mean getting a commission in those days was like going up for a NAAFI ration.
HB: Oh
KG: You know.
KG: If your face fitted you'd be in.
KG: So that was Bremen I think.
HB: You've got an entry in here for November. November the 1st, daytime operation against Homberg which was oil.
KG: That was oil.
HB: And all you've written in your log, this is what amazes me about these log books, you've just written flak hold and then brackets sixteen.
KG: I can't remember that.
KG: I can't remember.
HB: But the next one was a night one at Dusseldorf.
KG: Dusseldorf is, is a story in itself.
KG: We went out to bomb Dusseldorf on an absolutely perfect moonlight night. Not a cloud in the sky. We bombed Dusseldorf as an experienced crew for a fairly low level. That was thirteen thousand feet if I remember rightly and we went through the target area, bombed and immediately we came out of the target area we were attacked by an ME109 and with his first burst he wounded, severely wounded the rear gunner so we hadn't got him firing back and then the mid-upper gunner's guns weren't operating correctly and all we had was the mid-upper gunner on the top of the aircraft telling us where this fighter was. Now when you are being attacked by a fighter the thing is to do is what they call corkscrews and it's up to the mid-upper gunner to tell the pilot when to corkscrew because you know he comes in the rear and you turn and he turns and he's got to turn a lot more and then you roll and then he comes back in again and this went on. I think it's somewhere in the archives it was about fifteen minutes 'cause this bloke obviously knew he wasn't going to get anybody firing back at him and I couldn't fire anything from the front turret because I never even saw the chap 'cause he came in, dived away, came around again and eventually this, according to the mid-upper gunner and I've got no support for this thing, he said the ME109 came in quite close, he said, 'I could see the bloke and he waggled his wings and dived away.' That was the end of the attack. Possibly he was out of range for operations or he'd run out of ammunition. I don't know. So we flew on and I think by this time we were down to about five thousand feet and the mid-upper gunner called out, 'Somebody had better come back and see if Vic's alright because we can't get him on the intercom.' So being the most useless person in the aircraft I was told to go back and climb over everything, over the main spar and whatever. Go back and see what was happening and the mid-upper gunner also gave me great confidence because he said, 'You'd better put your parachute on because there's a bloody great hole in the side of this aircraft somewhere,' and so I said, 'Well perhaps somebody had better come with me.' So the flight engineer, all he does really is sit alongside the pilot and look at the instruments so he came with me and he was a nineteen year old lad and he came back with me 'cause I was, what shall we say, a coward. Right. I didn't want to go back by myself in case anything happened and when we got back over the main spar there was the rear gunner lying in what I thought was a load of blood. It turned out it was sort of a pinky oil but you know, in the light there you can't tell which was which. So we tried to give him some morphia which I don't think we succeeded in doing because I don't think we did it properly and we actually gave him a cigarette and I was told to stay with him all the way back to base so I sat there and of course when I'm sitting there you could look out the side of the aircraft. There was a big big hole. You could practically walk through it.
KG: And you could see the tail fins waving a bit in the breeze and so we flew back. We flew back to Woodbridge. American. Do you know Woodbridge?
HB: I've heard of Woodbridge. Yeah.
KG: Well Woodbridge was an American base basically and just had one very long runway and all these flying fortress and it they had trouble they just came in depended which way the wind was blown they just came in and landed so we came in to Woodbridge and we'd obviously radioed ahead and the, my memory's going, so when we landed, just were running down the runway the starboard tyre burst and we tipped over a bit on to one wing. Anyhow, the blood wagon and the fire engine and the doctor and God knows who came out and took us into the medical bay and gave us tots of rum. Well I don't drink and I can't stand the taste of rum and I just took one sip of this rum and I said, 'Oh God I can't drink that,' and the wireless operator was a nineteen, twenty year old, again a Geordie who liked his booze. He said, 'Wahay man,' he said, 'I'll have it.' So he he took this thing and we were obviously there for the night. The next morning, the next morning we went out to have a look at the aircraft which was semi riddled with holes. Why it hadn't burst into flames God only knows and there was the tail fin all flapping in the breeze. Just walking around there and I said to the mid-upper gunner, 'Have you seen your whistle George?' Well there's a picture of it in there. There was a big indent in this whistle where I imagine it was the shape of a bullet.
KG: And of course you wear it around your throat.
KG: And George Hillier realised what that meant. That if it hadn't hit the whistle he would have been a goner even if it was only a piece of shrapnel it was certainly you could see the picture in there and when he eventually came to leave the RAF at the end of his flying career they had to hand in all their gear, boots and everything they charged him threepence for his whistle 'cause he kept it. Charged him threepence for his whistle. So that was, that was Dusseldorf and we went a week, or two or three weeks later to the hospital where the chap was and saw him there but if, the thing is, if he, if the mid-upper gunner had been killed and if that whistle hadn't, shall we say, effectively saved his life then we would never have known where this fighter was and we would have been dead as mutton.
KG: Anyhow, the skipper, he got the DFC and the mid-upper gunner, because of his commentary he got the DFM and people say to me, 'What did you get?' I said I got the screaming abdabs. Yeah so –
HB: Absolutely. Your rear gunner. Did you say his name was Vic?
KG: Vic. Vic Lewell.
HB: Yeah. And did he, did he recover?
KG: He recovered and he died some, oh many years later really but he showed us all the shrapnel they'd taken out of him. There was the nose of a canon shell in amongst his souvenirs.
HB: Blimey.
HB: So, but obviously to carry on you would have had another rear gunner join you.
KG: No. Yes. We did. We had another rear, rear gunner. The other, the other thing is it comes on to the next story. Am I doing too much?
HB: No. No. You're doing great.
KG: The next story. We went to Trondheim. You'll see it in there.
HB: I've got, I've got one marked Trondheim abortive.
KG: That's right.
HB: That's 22nd of November.
KG: 22nd of November. Anyhow, we went to Trondheim to bomb the U-boat pens and docks and God knows what and we were then told to abort the raid because the master bomber couldn't mark the target accurately enough to avoid killing a load of Norwegians so we were instructed to fly back home. I don't know how many aircraft, we often used to have a hundred, two hundred from 5 Group. So, as I said in that thing there, coming back over the North Sea at the end of November there aint a lot to see. You don't see any lights. You're not going to get any fighters around there. There was no flak. So I don't know whether I dozed off or not, I don't know but we were flying quite steadily and all of a sudden George Hillier who was the mid-upper gunner called out, 'For Christ's sake pull up Jack. We're hitting the sea,' and we were literally hitting the sea. You know how when you're a kid you skim a stone -
KG: Over the sea. Well we must have been doing that without, without knowing it so we must have been flying a couple of inches I should think.
KG: So he immediately pulls up and flew up to about five thousand feet and as the bomb aimer I said to the skipper, 'You ought to jettison these bombs.' You know you don't normally want to land with a load of bombs on board or it might not be loads. So he said, 'No.' He said, 'At the briefing we were told that if we didn't bomb we were to bring them back 'cause they were getting scarce,' and I said to him at the time, 'And so are people like me getting scarce.' So we, we flew back, we flew back and I said, 'I bet you've lost your tail wheel'. I don't know what he said to that and so we flew, flew back and as we landed of course, with a Lanc you, or with a lot of aircraft you land on the front two wheels and slow down and the back drops down doesn't it?
HB: Yes. Yeah.
KG: Well, we slowed down on the runway and of course the rear turret gets dragged along the runway. We had a Canadian rear gunner at that time because, because -
HB: Do you want me, do you want me to just give you a break a minute?
HB: Right. We've all had a cough and we've ordered our coffees.
KG: We've got the new rear gunner because ours had been wounded a few weeks previously and we had a Canadian at the time and I remember this Canadian calling out, 'What the hell goes on here? My goddamn ass is on fire,' because his rear turret was being dragged along the runway, the fins of the aircraft had been cut down to ground level I suppose.
KG: And he'd got all these sparks coming up the aircraft. So we pulled on to the grass and stepped out of the aircraft 'cause you didn't have to get the ladder out. You were on the, practically on the ground already.
KG: And the skipper calls down to his drinking partner from the Durham area, George called, 'Is there much damage George?' 'Away man,' he said, 'You'll hardly notice it.' And of course the instrument bulge underneath, that had gone. The fins had cut down to sort of ground level, the rear turret was a bit of a mess and he said you'd hardly notice it. Well a few days, two or three days later he was told to report to the CO with his logbook and he thought he was going to get a brownie point.
HB: This was the pilot.
KG: The pilot. Yeah.
KG: He thought he was going to get a brownie point for bringing the aircraft back after hitting the sea. Instead of that he got a red endorsement. It's in there, in that folder somewhere, the actual endorsement.
KG: You can, you can have those.
KG: If you'd like to take them with you you can.
KG: Have a look through them if you want to. So where was I?
HB: He'd just had his red endorsement.
KG: Yeah, he -
HB: He was -
KG: He'd got this red endorsement and he got a red endorsement for not flying at the correct height, disobeying, was it disobeying instruction? Not flying at the correct height. Hitting, allowing his aircraft to hit the sea. So it's not me making up my mind or making a story.
HB: No.
KG: It's there in sort of, I was going to say black and white, it's in red and white.
KG: So that was, that was a bit hair raising.
HB: I can imagine. I can imagine. But that, but that, that pilot what was his name? Vasey.
KG: Vasey.
HB: That, that pilot at that time he's already got the DFC, he's on his, you're on your twenty first, twenty second -
HB: Mission. Operation, sorry and he's got a red endorsement.
KG: Yeah, doesn't affect him. Didn't sort of say, in that case you can't fly.
HB: No. No.
KG: Not like a driving licence if you get a red endorsement they might ban you from driving. They can't ban you from flying really.
KG: So -
HB: I notice in here you've got one of the operations, Keith is December the 8th and it's Heimbach Dam.
KG: Yeah. I don't remember much about it. It was -
KG: A standard raid as far as I can remember.
HB: Oh right it's nothing, nothing special.
KG: Nothing exciting.
KG: The next thing that happened I think was on our last trip which was to a place called [Seagan?] I think you'll find.
HB: Yes. I've got [Seagan?] that was February the 1st 1945.
KG: That's right. And we were flying across something like Holland or somewhere like that and this, the navigator, he was pretty old, he was twenty eight. The rest of us were all twenty two and under and we, he said, 'We'll have to go back to base because my navigation things have gone haywire,' so Jack Vasey said, 'I'm not bloody going back to base,' he said, 'We haven't returned to base yet on any trip,' he said, 'I'm not going to do this on our last trip,' and he said -
HB: Just pausing the tape.
HB: Right. Coffee having arrived we can restart.
KG: I think it was what they called the Gee and something else, the H2S, I'm not quite sure and he said, 'Well give it a kick.' Whether he did give it a kick or not I don't know but anyhow he said, 'Keith can map read us from the front turret, from the front nose. Keith can map read us until the, until it gets dark and then we'll follow the search lights.' That just shows you how navigation has changed.
HB: Yeah. Just a bit.
KG: Well today you could put a bomb up a bloke's exhaust pipe practically.
KG: And blow him up. Yeah. So, we we bombed [Seagan?] and that was our last trip.
HB: Yeah. I've just noticed, I've just noticed on this one, that's six hours twenty minutes to [Seagan?].
HB: But you had, you had some very long flights didn't you? Eleven hours, ten hours.
HB: Munich was ten and a half hours.
KG: Munich. Yeah.
KG: We bombed, we did bomb Munich. It was lovely going over the mountains just inside Switzerland.
KG: Really. They didn't fire at us.
HB: Didn't they?
KG: No. I don't suppose they have a gun in Switzerland did they? So we bombed bombed Munich. It was very awe inspiring to see the Alps. I mean we were flying at about seventeen thousand I suppose, the Alps were about eighteen thousand.
KG: Or thereabouts.
HB: Yeah. Not something you want to bump into. So that's, you've got in your book here, finished first tour February 1st 1944. Sorry 1945.
HB: And you'd flown -
KG: I don't know that.
HB: Two hundred and fifty eighty hours and forty minutes daytime flying.
HB: And two hundred and sixty six hours fifteen minutes night flying.
KG: Oh right. I didn't know that.
HB: That's quite a few, quite a few hours that is and then you only get, you must have only, I suppose you had a little bit of leave and then you went off to Swinderby.
KG: That's right. I went as a so called bombing instructor at Swinderby.
KG: And that was fine because I got my commission so I was in the posh mess and I festered around Swinderby for some little while I guess and then it all finished and they more or less said, 'Well where would you like to go?' So I thought to myself Australia. I think I'll go to Australia. It's a nice long way away and I'm not likely to go there again so of course typical RAF where did I finish up? In the Sudan. Khartoum. But that was -
HB: That's when you left Swinderby.
KG: That's when I left Swinderby.
HB: Just looking in your logbook here Keith you've got one 24th of March 1945 you've got an entry here X VX 9 which I presume is exercise and it's got France X C T Y and H L B I presume that's -
KG: High level bombing.
HB: That's high level bombing yeah.
KG: That would be practice.
HB: Oh right. Right. And then on the next page in July this is just something I don't know if you can remember about it, the 24th of July 1945 you got yourself with, the pilot is somebody called Daggett, you're in a Lancaster and you're going on a Cook's Tour.
KG: Oh yeah. A Cook's Tour. At the end of the war they took you around to show you what damage you'd done, you know. Have a look at the mess you made. So we flew around the Ruhr just having a look, a Cook's Tour of -
KG: Of the damage.
HB: You've even written down what you flew over. You flew over [Valkerin?].
KG: [Valkerin?] Yeah.
HB: Krefeld, Dusseldorf, Cologne, Essen, Dortmund, Ham and then etcetera. Blimey. Oh that's a bit cutting. [laughs].
KG: What's that?
HB: You've got August 23rd with a pilot called Enoch.
KG: Oh yeah.
HB: And you've got your duties as air bomber and it just says, Eric brackets waste of time.
KG: Most likely a code name for a practice flight I should think. I don't know what Eric -
HB: Yeah. Yeah. I just wondered, just wondered if you could remember what X C T Y meant? Is that -
KG: Cross country.
HB: Oh right. Cross country. Right. That makes sense now.
KG: We often did that.
KG: When we got nothing better to do we often do a cross country.
HB: So, so when did you go to the Sudan?
KG: Oh hell. Latish 1945 I suppose.
KG: And I was out there for about six months swimming and playing tennis and I was supposed to be the air traffic officer.
KG: But it was a little bit of a relaxation and a bit of a jolly really.
HB: Right. So that -
KG: A good experience to go somewhere like the Sudan.
HB: Yeah. So you sort of came to the Sudan and then you're obviously on the down slope.
HB: Heading towards -
KG: Demob.
HB: Demob. What, what was that sort of process like Keith?
KG: I don't remember much about the demob process. I must have come back here and reported somewhere. They give you a suit and that's you out of the air force so to speak and I went back to my old job which was, you see when I enlisted I was nineteen.
KG: Nineteen. Well I wasn't frightfully academic at the best of times but I did quite well with what nouse that I'd got and sorry my train of thoughts gone, and so I went back and having been a somebody -
KG: I went back to this company where I was, in the eyes of the managing director, a nobody and I stayed with them until such time as the company was taken over by Plessey. Remember Plessey.
HB: Yes. Yes I do.
KG: They took us over and the, instead of us taking them over they took us over and they wanted me to go to Nottingham and offered me more money to go to Nottingham and I didn't want to go because the kids were in grammar school in Enfield at the time so I then decided to make myself redundant and I was paid redundancy money because they were moving the company.
KG: And I had already been invited by some people that I knew in STC to go and join them.
HB: Right. This is, this is all in the electronics industry.
KG: Well the telephone industry.
HB: Telephone industry. Yeah.
KG: I wasn't a telephone engineer. I mean I wouldn't, I know how to pick up a telephone and that's about all but I became sales manager of a division where they sold the earpieces and mouthpieces, the microphone and the ear piece you know and I did quite well at that and I then retired from there in 1984. Yeah, about '84 on the grounds that I didn't like the set up. It had all changed because people had been coming in and taking over this, taking over that and I thought to myself I don't really want to stay here so I'll take redundancy money and I left them.
HB: When did, when did you actually get married then Keith?
KG: 1947
HB: And that was to your wife obviously.
KG: Peggy.
HB: Peggy
KG: So but if you asked her now who she married she most likely wouldn't know.
KG: Wouldn't know when she was married. As I say she's upstairs in bed I imagine.
HB: So how, and how many children did you have?
KG: Two. Jane.
KG: Who's around here somewhere.
KG: And Ian who was a solicitor and then he set up his own business in the holiday world. Timeshare. Made a lot of money and he now plays a lot of golf.
KG: Does odd jobs up in London for a company but hasn't got to work.
KG: He come up here last Wednesday and he said, 'Oh I've told you I'm going to America haven't I?' So I said, 'No.' I mean he's like that. 'I told you.' 'No.' I said, 'What are you going to America for? Because I can afford it,' he said.
HB: Lovely.
KG: And for the last –
KG: And for the last three years he's been with his wife, who's a West Indian girl, pleasant girl and they go, they fly to Florida, get on a ship, one of these bloody great ships.
KG: And they do a seven days, ten days or whatever it is. I said, 'Which islands are you going to?' 'I don't know,' he said, 'They're all the bloody same these islands.' He said, 'They're all full of people trying to flog you things,' you know.
HB: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I can imagine. I can imagine. Keith can I just, can I just ask you, can I just something that's comes to my mind while we've been, you know we've been chatting and what not I don't think, I'm just going back over your log. I don't think we actually know who your crew were. We know the pilot was Vasey.
KG: Oh yeah. I can tell you who the crew were. I've got a, I've got a lovely big photo, painting and you've, if you'd like to take those papers with you -
HB: Well we, what I'm, what I'm thinking we'll do because there's some in there, yes I can but what I just wanted to make some enquiries about some of the bits and pieces 'cause I mean like you've got the usual things we all do. You've got some photographs but there's nothing written on the back.
HB: So we don't quite know who's who.
HB: But having said that that's that's something we can address but no it was just, it was just the names of the crew.
KG: I'll go through them for you if you'd like to jot them down.
KG: Jack Vasey.
HB: That's the pilot.
KG: V A S E Y.
HB: Ray Miller, flight engineer.
KG: So he's the FE. Ray Miller.
HB: Oh dear. I'll have to think a bit.
KG: That's alright.
HB: George. George, God, George Hillier, mid-upper gunner.
KG: George Hillier.
HB: Vic Lewell L E W E L L.
KG: Hang on he was rear gunner. Sorry Vic Lewell.
HB: L E W E L L.
KG: Who haven't, we haven't got the –
HB: Navigator.
KG: I always remember he said, 'It's Edward to my better class friends.'
KG: I'll have to, I'll have to look in there.
HB: That's alright. That's alright. That's Edward.
KG: Crowley. I think he name was Crowley. Ted Crowley. C R O W L E Y.
HB: That's brilliant. So that's the pilot, the flight engineer, the navigator and can you remember who your wireless op was?
KG: George Hardy.
HB: George Hardy.
KG: From, from Houghton le Spring.
HB: Right. George Hardy, wireless op. That's great. Yeah. It's, it's, did you after, after the war did you keep in contact with your crew.
KG: Well that's something I've forgotten to tell you. We didn't keep in touch with each other but about -, This is my daughter.
JT: Hello Harry, you must be Harry. Hi I'm Jane.
KG: Right. Just bear with me a second.
[machine pause]
HB: Right. Just turned the tape back on.
KG: About twenty five years after we had been demobbed I don't know the exact date my wife had a phone call and the person said, 'Is that Mrs Ganney?' 'Yes.' Was your husband in 57 squadron?' 'Yes.' 'My name is George Hillier,' the chap I was telling you about here, he said, 'We've found out that the skipper, Jack Vasey is seriously ill,' and George Hillier and Vic Lewell were going up to Newcastle or in that area to see him. Would we like to go as well? So we all trooped off to Newcastle or wherever it was and went in to see Jack Vasey and he was so thin. So he was in his dressing gown. It was one Sunday lunchtime and he was so thin and I was talking to him and I said to him, 'What were you doing the night we hit the sea Jack?' And he said, 'I don't know man but not many people have done it.'
HB: Yeah. That's true.
KG: Yeah. And he died. He died a week later.
HB: Oh.
KG: With cancer.
KG: But his family were so thrilled that we'd gone up there.
KG: But other than that we haven't been in touch with each other.
HB: So had you, had you, had you been in contact through perhaps associations reunions or -
KG: No. We hadn't.
HB: You didn't do much of that.
KG: No. We weren't, we didn't get involved in reunions at that time.
KG: But then I joined the 57/630 Squadron Association because 57 squadron and 630 squadron shared East Kirkby.
KG: They were both on the, on the aerodrome and we joined the Association. We did attend one or two dinners and reunions. We may manage to get to the next one which is something like the 3rd of July at East Kirkby.
KG: Have you ever been there?
HB: I've been to Kirkby, East Kirkby, yeah.
KG: And have you seen the aircraft there haven't you?
KG: Because it's called Just Jane.
KG: And so we may try and make it there depending on how I feel and how everybody else feels.
KG: You know, just to go over there for the, for the day.
KG: With my wife, as you see getting her up in the morning is difficult.
KG: You know, she'll be alright -
HB: What was, what was, I mean I've spoken to one or two people who were at east Kirby but what was your abiding memory of being at East Kirby cause there's -
KG: East Kirkby.
HB: Sorry yeah.
KG: Abiding memory. Well let me just explain it. We joined the squadron and started flying August.
KG: And we'd finished by February.
KG: So we weren't there for very, I wouldn't be able to tell you the name of any member of East Kirkby at that time because people regrettably used to come and go. They would come in one day and two or three days later on a trip they've been shot down or whatever so you didn't, you didn't have any friends in other crews.
[ringtone]
HB: Sorry about this. I thought I'd turned it off. I have now. That's it. Sorry I do apologise for that.
KG: That's all right.
Jane: Nice bit of music though.
KG: You didn't, you didn't make friends outside of your own crew because you know, it was a bit without being over dramatic it was here today gone tomorrow.
KG: So the, we were in nissen huts with a stove in the middle and a pipe going up through the roof but it wasn't the most ideal place to stay.
HB: I've heard it, I've heard it described as cold and windy and draughty.
KG: That's it. That's it. Yeah.
HB: It seems to be a recurring theme.
KG: But as I say we weren't there all that long.
KG: Came in something like July. We'd be gone by February.
HB: Yeah. The, at the end of the war obviously a lot of people have got views on how Bomber Command were treated or viewed at the end of the war.
HB: I just wondered if you'd got a view on that yourself.
KG: Yes. I have really. I can to a degree understand it in so far as fighter planes were there to shoot down the enemy planes and it was very flamboyant and they were quite rightly famous for what they, what they did whereas we were there to bomb them into submission effectively.
KG: And I think at the end of the war Montgomery, Alexander, various other people in charge were all made lords and what's the name was not offered a peerage.
HB: Harris.
KG: Butch. What's his name? Butch Harris. So I think Bomber Command got treated very badly but of course they, as it was then we were at peace they didn't want to upset the Germans any more.
KG: And say, you know well we came and bombed all your places.
KG: But I'm sure in my own mind that Bomber Command were, it was very significant of bombing Germany into submission.
KG: I'm not saying the army wouldn't, they would have to have done it eventually but no I think they got the thin edge of the wedge.
KG: The only medals I got and I couldn't care less about bloody medals, they're surplus and stuck indoors. If I'd have stabbed myself with a pen in Whitehall I would have got the same medals.
KG: As I got on Bomber Command.
HB: Yeah. What medals did you get Keith? Do you know?
KG: Oh. The usual Naafi lot. I think it was the victory medal you'd get.
KG: They defence medal.
KG: I honestly -
HB: Aircrew?
KG: No. No. We didn't get aircrew medals. I mean I wouldn't have minded an aircrew medal. If you'd flown before D-Day you would have got the air crew Europe.
KG: After D-Day you all had the same medal which was, I don't know, was it called the European star? I don't know.
KG: So all all they gave us eventually after kicking up a stink and of course the person who kicked up a lot of the stink was one of the Bee Gees.
KG: Did you know that?
HB: No. No, I didn't know that.
KG: You look it up. The Bee Gees. He's died now. He was instrumental in putting the muck up. I'm not on tape am I? For putting the muck in the fan and stirring it all up.
KG: And got that lovely memorial down at Piccadilly.
HB: Yeah. At Green Park. Yeah.
KG: Yeah. You've you seen it have you?
HB: Yes. I've been there.
KG: Yeah. It's a good memorial.
KG: So he was one of the main people getting involved with with that. But all we got was the soppy little clasp.
KG: They call it the air crew clasp or something.
KG: Well, I mean it's like somebody's put a little mark on your arm thing.
KG: It's a pretty pathetic sort of a gesture.
HB: Well I think, I think what we'll do Keith is, I thank you for very much for that. It's really, really interesting history of what you did. If we can I'll turn the tape off. It's a quarter to twelve now.
HB: So you, I think, I think you've done marvellously to get, to get through all that. What we'll do if you like I'll turn the tape off. We'll go through some of this paperwork and I'll just make a few notes about some of the photographs.
KG: Yeah. If you go through -
HB: And then I'm just down the road so what I can I'll I can do the copying so I'm going to terminate the interview at 11.45.
KG: Ok. We're going into South Lodge.
Ganney, Keith
57 Squadron; aircrew; bomb aimer; bombing; entertainment; Lancaster; love and romance; Me 109; RAF East Kirkby; Tiger Moth; training
Harry Bartlett, "Interview with Keith Ganney," IBCC Digital Archive, accessed January 20, 2020, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/document/3405.