text:
Action / Adventure / Comedy / Drama / Fantasy / Horror / Mystery / Sci-Fi / Thriller
Keywords: animal horror
When rednecks on a fishing trip kill a great white shark, its spirit comes back for revenge, and soon turns its sights on the town of Smallport. Teenage Ava, her younger sister Cicely and friend Blaise witness the start of the ghost shark's rampage but the authorities don't believe their story. With the help of a crotchety lighthouse keeper named Finch the teens discover that the spectral shark can hunt wherever there's water, and that the town's dark past may provide the clues they need to defeat it.
Richard Moll as Finch
Mackenzie Rosman as Ava
Bad but in a hilarious way rather than in an infuriating way
Don't expect much from Ghost Shark. If you've seen Super Shark, Sand Sharks, Jersey Shore Shark Attack and even Sharknado(do the Shark Attack movies count too?) you'll know that you shouldn't expect a SyFy channel shark movie to be particularly good. Ghost Shark is a long way from good, but it is better than the first three movies listed- and the Shark Attack movies- if not quite reaching hilariously bad guilty-pleasure status like Sharknado did. And it certainly isn't the worst SyFy movie. It isn't too badly shot and edited, plus the scenery is nice, while the gore is inventive and not too cheap and the acting is adequate(especially for SyFy), Richard Moll stands out in a creepy and over-the-top performance and the female lead is likable. That is a feat though, but the dialogue is cliché-ridden, underwritten and has too much of the cheese factor. The story- deriving from a silly but potentially fun concept- is much too rushed too, which doesn't give us much time to root enough for the characters(who are little more than just-there and poorly developed stereotypes). It also veers wildly between mildly credible at best to hilariously ludicrous, with the attacks more outrageous than suspenseful or scary. The shark does look very cheap and is not particularly menacing in design or personality, goofy is more like it. In conclusion, bad but hilariously so rather than infuriatingly. 4/10 Bethany Cox
Reviewed by nogodnomasters 8 / 10
HERE'S SOMETHING YOU WON'T SEE ON DISCOVERY CHANNEL
The opening scene shows the creation of Ghost Shark when a Great White is killed by a redneck tournament fishing couple on a chartered boat. Said wounded shark swims to a nearby sea cave that behaves similar to Pet Cemetery. The next day the bikini clad daughters Ava (Mackenzie Rosman) and Cicily (Sloane Coe) discover their dad's deserted blood stained boat. It isn't long before a CG translucent shark can appear at will in anything that contains water from a swimming pool to a slip'n'slide.
One man in town, Finch (Richard Moll), a Pinch Scotch (personal favorite) drinking, creepy light house keeper, seems to know what is going on.
The production started out fairy decent freely mixing bad special effects, campy dialog, and cleavage. It included sage truisms such as "Horny boys will say anything." When the film turned "serious" the bad campy dialogue gave way to simply bad dialogue which lowered the entertainment value of the film and did little to improve its Oscar potential. The movie was filmed in Louisiana. The name of the fictional town was "Smallport." The police car said "Kenner," apparently a magnetic sign was out of the budget with all the special effects.
Parental Guide: No f-bombs, sex, or nudity. Girls in bikinis, bikini car wash. Implied nudity from back. Use of SOB at beginning of film. Squirting blood, fake looking body parts.
Reviewed by Syo Kennex 2 / 10
A hidden gem? Not at all
I am someone who can really sit and watch bad movies. A lot of really bad movies have been some of my favourites each year, finding hiding gems in the horror genre. This is, unfortunately, not one of those hidden gems.
Ghost Shark is all about a great white shark that is killed by a red neck fisherman, who then comes back as a ghost to reek revenge on a small community that hasn't had so much as a shark sighting in 20 years. With the ability to appear in any water source – swimming pools, puddles, anything that can support its full ghostly spectre form – no one is safe from this new hell. A group of teenagers must convince the local police force that the perpetrator of these killings is a great white shark, returned from the dead, but a secret from the town's past may be the only way to do this.
This is just really cringey, really bad, and honestly one of the worst movies I have ever watched in the shark attack sub-genre. The acting is terrible, the accents of the red necks honestly just made me cringe away from the screen, and the CGI was the worst I have ever seen for a movie, television movie or otherwise. I could not wait for this to be over with, and honestly turned it off twice before forcing myself to sit and watch it all the way through. I wasted an hour and a half of my life with this movie.
There are plenty of decent shark movies you could watch, including Bait (2012), The Shallows (2016) and Shark Night 3D (2011). I would seriously recommend one of those over this; I'd even recommend Sharknado. My two star rating is generous, and that's only for the well done camera work and editing.
Seriously, miss this one.


text:
\section{Introduction}

Recently, the combination of vision and language attracts more and more attention \cite{you2016image,pan2017video,antol2015vqa,li2019beyond}. Video captioning is a valuable but challenging task in this topic, where the goal is to generate text descriptions for video data directly. The difficulties of video captioning mainly lie in the modeling of temporal dynamics and the fusion of multiple modalities.

Encoder-decoder structures are widely used in video captioning \cite{shen2017weakly,aafaq2019spatio,pei2019memory,wang2019controllable,gan2017semantic}. In general, the encoder learns multiple types of features from raw video data. The decoder utilizes these features to generate words. Most encoder-decoder structures are built upon the long short-term memory (LSTM) unit, however, LSTM has two main drawbacks. First, LSTM-based decoder does not allow a parallel prediction of words at different time steps, since its hidden state is computed based on the previous one. Second, LSTM-based encoder has insufficient capacity to capture the long-range temporal correlations.

To tackle these issues, \cite{chen2018tvt} and \cite{zhou2018end} proposed to replace LSTM with transformer for video understanding. Specifically, \cite{chen2018tvt} used multiple transformer-based encoders to encode video features and a transformer-based decoder to generate descriptions. Similarly, \cite{zhou2018end} utilized transformer for dense video captioning, \cite{zhou2018end} utilized a transformer-based encoder to detect action proposals and described them simultaneously with a transformer-based decoder. Different from LSTM, the self-attention mechanism in transformer correlates the features at any two time steps, enabling the global association of features. However, the vanilla transformer is limited in processing video features with much temporal redundancy like the example in Fig. \ref{fig:redun}. In addition, the cross-modal interaction between different modalities is ignored in the existing transformer-based methods.

\begin{figure}[t]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.75]{fig/redundancy.pdf}
	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\caption{An example of redundancy between video frames.}
	\label{fig:redun}
	\vspace{-0.5cm}
\end{figure}

Motivated by the above observations, we propose a novel method named sparse boundary-aware transformer (SBAT) to improve the transformer-based encoder and decoder architectures for video understanding. In the encoder, we employ sparse attention mechanism to better capture the global and local dynamic information by solving the redundancy between consecutive video frames. Specifically, to capture the global temporal dynamics, we divide all the time steps into $n$ chunks according to the gradient values of attention logits and select $n$ time steps with top-$n$ gradient values. To capture the local temporal dynamics, we implement self-attention between $r$ adjacent time steps. In the decoder, we also employ the boundary-aware strategy for encoder-decoder multihead attention. In addition, we implement cross-modal sparse attention following the self-attention layer to align multimodal features along temporal dimension. We conduct extensive empirical studies on two benchmark video captioning datasets. The quantitative, qualitative and ablation experimental results comprehensively reveal the effectiveness of our proposed methods.

The main contributions of this paper are three-folded:

(1) We propose the sparse boundary-aware transformer (SBAT) to improve the vanilla transformer. We use boundary-aware pooling operation following the preliminary scores of multihead attention and select the features of different scenarios to reduce the redundancy.

(2) We develop a local correlation scheme to compensate for the local information loss brought by sparse operation. The scheme can be implemented synchronously with the boundary-aware strategy.

(3) We further propose a cross-modal encoding scheme to align the multimodal features along the temporal dimension.

\section{Related Work}

As a popular variant of RNN, LSTM is widely used in existing video captioning methods. \cite{venugopalan2015sequence} utilized LSTM to encode video features and decode words. \cite{yao2015describing} integrated the attention mechanism into video captioning, where the encoded features are given different attention weights according to the queries of decoder. \cite{hori2017attention} further proposed a two-level attention mechanism for video captioning. The first level focuses on different time steps, and the second level focuses on different modalities. \cite{long2018video} and \cite{jin2019recurrent} detected local attributes and used them as supplementary information. \cite{jin2019low} introduced cross-modal correlation into attention mechanism. Recently, \cite{chen2018tvt} proposed to replace LSTM with transformer in video captioning models. However, directly using transformer for video captioning has several drawbacks, i.e., the redundancy of video features and the lack of multimodal interaction modeling. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called sparse boundary-aware transformer (SBAT) to address these problems.

\begin{figure*}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.75]{fig/overall.pdf}

	\vspace{-0.3cm}
	\caption{(a) is the overall framework of Vanilla Transformer. It consists of multihead attention mechanism and feed-forward neural network. The features of different modalities are processed separately and the queries of decoder associate these features to generate words. $N$ denotes the number of stacked blocks. (b) is the architecture of SBAT. It introduces sparse boundary-aware strategy (Sp) into all the multihead attention blocks in encoder and decoder. In addition, we learn cross-modal interaction after the first feed-forward layer in an encoder block.}
	\label{fig:overall}
	\vspace{-0.4cm}
\end{figure*}

\section{Transformer-based Video Captioning}

Transformer \cite{vaswani2017attention} is originally proposed for machine translation. Due to the effectiveness and scalability, transformer is employed in many other tasks including video captioning. A simple illustration of transformer-based video captioning model is shown in Fig. \ref{fig:overall}(a). The encoder and decoder both consist of multihead attention blocks and feed-forward neural network.

\subsection{Encoder}

Different from the uni-modal inputs of machine translation, the inputs of video captioning are typically multimodal. As shown in Fig. \ref{fig:overall}(a), two separate encoders process image and motion features, respectively. We use $I \in \mathbb{R}^{T_i \times d}$ and $M \in \mathbb{R}^{T_m \times d}$ to denote the image and motion features, respectively. Here we take the process of image encoding as an example. The self-attention layer is formulated as
\begin{equation}
\label{1}
{\rm SelfAttention}(I) = {\rm MultiHead}(I,I,I)
\end{equation}
\vspace{-0.5cm}
\begin{equation}
\label{2}
{\rm MultiHead}(I,I,I) = {\rm Cat}({\rm head_1}, ..., {\rm head_h})W_1
\end{equation}

\noindent where "Cat" denotes concatenation operation, $W_1 \in \mathbb{R}^{d \times d}$ is a trainable variable. Multihead attention is a special variant of attention, where each head is calculated as
\begin{equation}
\label{3}
{\rm head_i} = {\rm Attention}(IW_i^Q, IW_i^K, IW_i^V)
\end{equation}

\noindent where $W_i^Q$, $W_i^K$, and $W_i^V \in \mathbb{R} ^ {d \times \frac{d}{h}}$ are also trainable variables, ``Attention" denotes scaled dot-product attention:
\begin{equation}
\label{4}
{\rm Attention}(Q, K, V) = {\rm softmax}(\frac{QK^ \mathbf{T}}{\sqrt{d}}) V
\end{equation}

\noindent where $d$ is dimension of $Q$ and $K$.
We adopt residual connection and layer normalization after the self-attention layer:

\begin{equation}
\label{5}
x = {\rm LayerNorm}(I + {\rm SelfAttention}(I))
\end{equation}
Every self-attention layer is followed by a feed-forward layer (FFN) that employs non-linear transformation:
\begin{equation}
\label{6}
{\rm FFN}(x) = {\rm max}(0, xW_2 + b_2) W_3 + b_3
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\label{7}
I^{'} = {\rm LayerNorm}(x + {\rm FFN}(x))
\end{equation}

\noindent where $W_2 \in \mathbb{R}^{d \times 4d}$, $b_2 \in \mathbb{R}^{4d}$, $W_3 \in \mathbb{R}^{4d \times d}$, and $b_3 \in \mathbb{R}^{d}$ are trainable variables. The encoded image features $I^{'}$ is the output of an encoder block. The encoded motion features $M^{'}$ are calculated in the same way.

\subsection{Decoder}

The decoder block consists of self-attention layer, enc-dec attention layer, and feed-forward layer. In the self-attention layer, the word embeddings of different time steps associate with each other, and we take the output features as queries. In the enc-dec multihead attention layer, the query first associates image and motion features to get two context vectors respectively, then generates the words. The feed-forward layer in decoder is the same as Eqns. \ref{6} and \ref{7}. We also adopt residual connection and layer normalization after all the layers of the decoder.

Specifically, we use $E \in \mathbb{R}^{T_e \times d}$ to denote the embeddings of target words. To predict the word $y_{t_e}$ at time step $t_e$, the self-attention layer is formulated as
\begin{equation}
\label{8}
E_{<t_e}^{'} = {\rm LayerNorm}(E_{<t_e} + {\rm SelfAttention}(E_{<t_e}))
\end{equation}

\noindent where $E_{<t_e} \in \mathbb{R}^{(t_e -1) \times d}$ denotes the word embeddings of time steps less than $t_e$. The enc-dec attention layer is:
\begin{equation}
\label{9}
I_{t_e} = {\rm MultiHead}(E_{t_e {\text-} 1}^{'}, I^{'}, I^{'})
\end{equation}
\vspace{-0.3cm}
\begin{equation}
\label{10}
M_{t_e} = {\rm MultiHead}(E_{t_e {\text-} 1}^{'}, M^{'}, M^{'})
\end{equation}

\noindent Following \cite{hori2017attention}, we employ a hierarchical attention layer for $I_{t_e}$ and $M_{t_e}$:
\begin{equation}
\label{11}
V_{t_e} \!\! = \! {\rm LayerNorm}(E_{t_e{\text -}1}^{'} + {\rm MultiHead}(E_{t_e {\text -} 1}^{'},\! C_{t_e}, \! C_{t_e}\!))
\end{equation}
\vspace{-0.2cm}
\begin{equation}
\label{12}
C_{t_e} = [I_{t_e}, M_{t_e}]
\end{equation}

\noindent $V_{t_e}^{'} = {\rm LayerNorm}(V_{t_e} + {\rm FFN}(V_{t_e}))$ denotes the output of feed-forward layer. We calculate the probability distributions of words as:
\begin{equation}
\label{13}
Pr(y_{t_e}|y_{<t_e}, I^{'}, M^{'}) = {\rm softmax}(W_p V_{t_e}^{'} + b_p)
\end{equation}

\noindent where $I^{'}$ and $M^{'}$ denote the encoded video features. The optimization goal is to minimize the cross-entropy loss function defined as accumulative loss from all the time steps:

\begin{equation}
\label{14}
L=-\sum_{t_e=1}^{T_e} \log Pr(y_{t_e}^{*}|y_{<t_e}^{*}, I^{'}, M^{'})
\end{equation}

\noindent where $y_{t_e}^{*}$ denotes the ground-truth word at time step $t_e$.

\section{Sparse Boundary-Aware Attention}

Considering the redundancy of video features, it is not appropriate to compute attention weights using vanilla multihead attention. To solve the problem, we introduce a novel sparse boundary-aware strategy into the multihead attention. In Section \ref{4.1}, we introduce the sparse boundary-aware strategy. In Section \ref{4.2}, we provide the analysis of sparse boundary-aware strategy. In Section \ref{4.3}, we introduce the local correlation attention which compensates for the local information loss. In Section \ref{4.4}, we introduce an aligned cross-modal encoding scheme based on SBAT.

\subsection{Sparse Boundary-Aware Pooling}
\label{4.1}
We employ sparse boundary-aware strategy following the scaled dot-product attention logits. Specifically, the original logits are calculated as follows:

\begin{equation}
\label{15}
P = \frac{QK^\mathbf{T}}{\sqrt{d}}
\end{equation}

\noindent where $Q \in \mathbb{R}^{T_q\times d}$ and $K \in \mathbb{R}^{T_k \times d}$ denote the query and key, respectively; $d$ represents the dimension of $Q$ and $K$. We utilize $P_{i,j}$ to represent the associated result of $Q_i \in \mathbb{R}^{d}$ and $K_j \in \mathbb{R}^{d}$. The discrete first derivative of $P$ in the second dimension is obtained as follows:

\begin{equation}
\label{16}
P_{i,j}^{'} = \left\{
\begin{array}{rcl}
|P_{i,j}|&&{j = 0} \\
|P_{i,j} - P_{i,j-1}|&& {j \neq 0}
\end{array} \right.
\end{equation}

For time step $i$ of the query, we choose top-$n$ values in $P_{i}^{'}$, since the boundary of two scenarios always has high gradient value.

\begin{equation}
\label{17}
\mathcal{H}(P, n)_{i,j}=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}
{P_{i,j}} & { P_{i,j}^{'} \geq c_{i}} \\
{-\infty} & { P_{i,j}^{'}<c_{i}}
\end{array}\right.
\end{equation}

\noindent where $c_i$ is the $n$-th largest value of $P_{i}^{'}$. We implement $\rm softmax$ function for the processed $\mathcal{H}(P, n)$.

Furthermore, to keep the time steps with large original logits, we define $P_{i,j}^{*}$ to replace $P_{i,j}^{'}$:

\begin{equation}
\label{18}
P_{i,j}^{*} = \alpha P_{i,j}^{'} + (1-\alpha) P_{i,j}
\end{equation}

$P_{i,j}^{'}$ is a special variant of $P_{i,j}^{*}$ when $\alpha = 1$.

\subsection{Theoretical Analysis of Boundary-Aware Pooling}
\label{4.2}
Suppose we randomly choose one time step of $Q \in \mathbb{R}^{T_q \times d}$ as query $q \in \mathbb{R}^{d}$, the query $q$ associates $K \in \mathbb{R}^{T_k \times d}$ at all the time steps. The logits of scaled dot-product attention are $[p_1,p_2,...,p_{T_k}] \in \mathbb{R}^{T_k}$.
We calculate the attention weight of each time step as:

\begin{equation}
\label{19}
a_\beta = \frac{\exp(p_\beta)}{\sum_{t_k=1}^{T_k} \exp(p_{t_k})}
\end{equation}

To the best of our knowledge, there are about $3{\text -}5$ scenarios on average in a ten-second video clip at a coarse granularity, like the example in Fig. \ref{fig:redun}. One-second clip usually contains $25$ frames. Therefore, most frames in the same scenario are redundant. Existing methods sample the video to a fixed number of frames or directly reduce the frame rate. Although such methods are effective to some extent, there is still much redundancy in the scenarios that have a large number of time steps. The total attention weights of the scenarios with fewer time steps may be influenced. Specifically, we divide $T_k$ time steps into two groups. The scenario one occupies $T_1$ time steps, the remaining $T_2$ time steps belong to scenario two. Suppose that the features of different time steps in the same scenario are the same, we obtain the total weights of two scenarios as follows:

\begin{equation}
\label{20}
A_{s_\gamma} = \frac{T_\gamma \exp(p_{s_\gamma
	})}{\sum_{o = 1}^{2}T_o \exp(p_{s_o})}, \gamma \in \{1, 2\}
\end{equation}

\noindent where $A_{s_\gamma}$ denotes the total weight of scenario $\gamma$, $p_{s_\gamma}$ denotes the associated logit. Suppose the query is related to scenario two ($p_{s_1} < p_{s_2}$) and $T_1 > T_2$, the ratio of $T_1$ to $T_2$ may influence the total attention weights ($A_{s_1}$ and $A_{s_2}$) of two scenarios.

More concretely, we assume that $T_1$ is $0.75T_k$ and $T_2$ is $0.25T_k$. $A_{s_1}$ and $A_{s_2}$ are calculated as:

\begin{equation}
\label{21}
A_{s_1} = \frac{3\exp(p_{s_1})}{3\exp(p_{s_1}) + \exp(p_{s_2})}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\label{22}
A_{s_2} = \frac{\exp(p_{s_2})}{3\exp(p_{s_1}) + \exp(p_{s_2})}
\end{equation}

\noindent if we apply sparse boundary-aware pooling strategy ($P_{i,j}^{'}$) for the logits and sample one time step in each scenario. Both $A_{s_1}$ and $A_{s_2}$ are transformed and the weight of scenario two obviously increases.

\begin{equation}
\label{23}
A_{s_1}^{'} = \frac{\exp(p_{s_1})}{\exp(p_{s_1}) + \exp(p_{s_2})} < A_{s_1}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\label{24}
A_{s_2}^{'} = \frac{\exp(p_{s_2})}{\exp(p_{s_1}) + \exp(p_{s_2})} > A_{s_2}
\end{equation}

However, when the query is related to scenario one ($p_{s_1} > p_{s_2}$). It is not appropriate to reduce the proportion of scenario one. Therefore, we define $P_{i,j}^{*}$ to replace $P_{i,j}^{'}$ and select not only the boundaries of scenarios, but also the time steps with large original logits. Specifically, the number of selected steps is $n$, we sample two boundaries in the two scenarios and the remaining $n-2$ time steps belong to scenario one. $A_{s_1}^{'}$ is obtained as:

\begin{equation}
\label{25}
A_{s_1}^{'} = \frac{(n-1)\exp(p_{s_1})}{(n-1)\exp(p_{s_1}) + \exp(p_{s_2})}
\end{equation}

\noindent for the increase from $A_{s_1} $ in Eqn. \ref{21} to $A_{s_1}^{'}$ in Eqn. \ref{25}, we just need to ensure that $n-1 > 3$.

When the video clip has more than two scenarios, we also divide them into two groups. One has the scenarios with larger logits, the other has the remaining scenarios. The above analysis of two scenarios is approximately applicable in this situation.

\begin{table*}[!t]
	\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
	\setlength\tabcolsep{3.0pt}
	\centering
	\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c}
		\hline

		\multirow{2}*{Method} & \multicolumn{4}{c|}{MSVD} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{MSR-VTT} \\
		\cline{2-9}
		& BLEU4
		& ROUGE
		& METEOR
		& CIDEr
		& BLEU4
		& ROUGE
		& METEOR
		& CIDEr\\

		\hline\hline
		Vanilla Transformer &51.4 &69.7 &34.6 &86.4 &40.9 &60.4 &28.5 &48.9 \\
		SBAT (w/o CM) &52.4 &71.2 &35.0 &87.0 &42.0 &60.8 &28.5 &50.1 \\
		SBAT (w/o Local) &\bf 53.5 &\bf 72.3 &35.2 &88.9 &41.9 &61.0 &28.4 &50.5 \\
		SBAT (Sample) &51.3 &71.9 &35.2 &88.6 &42.3 &61.0 &28.7 &51.0 \\

		SBAT &53.1 &\bf 72.3 &\bf 35.3 &\bf 89.5 &\bf 42.9 &\bf 61.5 &\bf 28.9 &\bf 51.6 \\

		\hline
	\end{tabular}
	\caption{Evaluation results of our proposed methods. Note that we reproduce the results of Vanilla Transformer (TVT [Chen et al., 2018]). Due to different learning rate strategy, our implementation achieves better performances than the original TVT on MSR-VTT.}
	\label{table:compa}
\vspace{-0.3cm}
\end{table*}

\subsection{Local Correlation}
\label{4.3}
Since we employ sparse boundary-aware strategy for the attention logits, the local information between consecutive frames is ignored. We develop a local correlation scheme based on the multihead attention to compensate for the information loss. Formally, the original logits $P$ are obtained following Eqn. \ref{16}. The correlation scheme is
\begin{equation}
\label{26}
\mathcal{H}_{\rm corr}(P, n)_{i,j}=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}
{P_{i,j}} & { |i-j| \leq r} \\
{-\infty} & { |i-j|> r}
\end{array}\right.
\end{equation}

\noindent where $r$ denotes the maximum distance of two frames and the correlation size is $2r$. In practice, the local correlation and boundary-aware correlation are utilized simultaneously.

\subsection{Cross-Modal Scheme}
\label{4.4}
Existing methods deal with different modalities separately in the encoder and ignore the interaction between different modalities. Here, we propose an aligned cross-modal scheme based on sparse boundary-aware attention. We divide the video into a fixed number of video chunks and then extract image and motion features from these chunks at the same intervals. Therefore, the feature vectors at the same step are extracted from the same video chunk. We directly apply our sparse boundary-aware attention to the aligned features. When the query is image modality, the key is motion modality, vice versa. Taking the former situation as an example, we compute the results of vanilla and boundary-aware cross-modal attentions as follows:

\begin{equation}
\label{27}
{\rm CM {\text -} Attention}(I,M) = {\rm MultiHead}(I,M,M)
\end{equation}

\vspace{-0.5cm}

\begin{equation}
\label{28}
{\rm Sp{\text-}CM {\text -} Attention}(I,M) = {\rm Sp {\text -} MultiHead}(I,M,M)
\end{equation}

\noindent where CM denotes cross-modal.

\section{Video Captioning with SBAT}

We introduce the encoder-decoder structure combined with our sparse boundary-aware attention for video captioning. As shown in Fig. \ref{fig:overall}(b), we replace all the vanilla multihead attention blocks with boundary-aware attention blocks, except for the self-attention block for target word embeddings. Different from the original structure, an additional cross-modal attention layer is adopted following the self-attention layer in the encoder. In the decoder, we also introduce the boundary-aware attention into the enc-dec attention layer, but we set $\alpha$ to $0$ in Eqn. \ref{18} and do not use local correlation.

\section{Experimental Methodology}
\subsection{Datasets and Metrics}
We evaluate SBAT on two benchmark video captioning datasets, MSVD \cite{chen2011collecting} and MSR-VTT \cite{xu2016msr}. Both the datasets are provided by Microsoft Research, and a series of state-of-the-art methods have been proposed based on these datasets in recent years. MSVD contains $1970$ video clips and each video clip is about $10$ to $25$ seconds long and annotated with about $40$ English sentences. MSR-VTT is larger than MSVD with $10000$ YouTube video clips in total and each clip is annotated with $20$ English sentences. We follow the commonly used protocol in the previous work and evaluate methods under four standard metrics including BLEU, ROUGE, METEOR, and CIDEr

\subsection{Data Preprocessing}
We extract image features and motion features of video data. For image features, we sample video data to $80$ frames and use the pre-trained Inception-ResNet-v2 \cite{szegedy2017inception} model to obtain the activations from the penultimate layer. For motion features, we divide the raw video data into video chunks centered on the sampled frames and use the pre-trained I3D \cite{carreira2017quo} model to obtain the activations from the last convolutional layer. We implement a mean-pooling operation along the temporal dimension to get the motion features. On MSR-VTT, we also employ glove embeddings of the auxiliary video category labels to facilitate feature encoding.

\subsection{Experimental Details}

The hidden size is set to $512$ for all the multihead attention mechanisms. The numbers of heads and attention blocks are $8$ and $4$, respectively. The value of $\alpha$ is set to $0.8$ in the encoder and $0$ in the decoder. In the training phase, we use Adam \cite{kingma2014adam} algorithm to optimize the loss function. The learning rate is initially set to $0.0001$. If the CIDEr on validation set does not improve over $10$ epochs, we change the learning rate to $0.00002$. The batch size is set to $32$. In the testing phase, we use the beam-search method with a beam-width of $5$ to generate words. We use the pre-trained word2vec embeddings to initialize the word vectors. Each word is represented as a $300$-dimension vector.

\vspace{-0.3cm}

\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.4]{fig/alpha.png}
	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\caption{Effect of $\alpha$ on MSR-VTT. We show the relative results on METEOR and CIDEr. Specifically, we set $\alpha=0$ as the baseline.}
	\label{fig:curve}
	\vspace{-0.3cm}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure*}[h]

	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.7]{fig/caption-res3.pdf}
	\vspace{-0.2cm}
	\caption{Some qualitative results of the video clips on the test sets of MSR-VTT and MSVD. We provide the ground-truth description and the generated descriptions of Vanilla Transformer and SBAT for each video clip.}
	\label{fig:result}
	\vspace{-0.3cm}
\end{figure*}

\section{Experimental Results}

\subsection{Impact of Sparse Boundary-Aware Attention}

We first evaluate the effectiveness of different variants of SBAT, as shown in Table \ref{table:compa}. Vanilla Transformer and SBAT denote the models in Fig. \ref{fig:overall}(a) and (b). SBAT (w/o CM) denotes the model without aligned cross-modal attention. SBAT (w/o Local) denotes the model without local correlation in the encoder. SBAT (Sample) denotes the model with equidistant sampling for all the time steps, rather than our boundary-aware operation.

In Table \ref{table:compa}, Vanilla Transformer achieves relatively bad results on both datasets. However, when we adopt boundary-aware or equidistant sampling strategies in the multihead attentions, the performances are obviously improved. SBAT with boundary-aware attention, local correlation, and aligned cross-modal interaction achieves promising results under all the metrics. The comparison between SBAT (w/o CM) and SBAT shows that the cross-modal interaction provides useful cues for generating words. The comparison between SBAT (w/o Local) and SBAT shows that the local correlation can make up the loss of local information. Comparing SBAT and SBAT (Sample), although equidistant sampling reduces the feature redundancy to some extent, the ratio between different scenarios is not considered, while SBAT solves this problem effectively.

\subsection{Comparison of $P^{'}$ and $P$}

To evaluate the impact of $P^{*}$ and find an appropriate ratio between $P^{'}$ and $P$, we adjust the value of $\alpha$ in Eqn. \ref{18} based on SBAT. The experimental results are shown in Fig. \ref{fig:curve}. Note that we only adjust the value of $\alpha$ in the encoder, and the value of $\alpha$ in the decoder is always $0$. We observe that $P^{*}$ with $\alpha = 0.8$ achieves the best performances on both METEOR and CIDEr. In addition, only using original logits $P$ ($\alpha=0$) shows the worst performances, indicating that our proposed boundary-aware strategy $P^{'}$ is a significant boost for the transformer-based video captioning model.

\begin{table}[!h]
	\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
	\setlength\tabcolsep{6pt}
	\centering
	\begin{tabular}{p{1cm}|p{1.9cm}<{\centering}|p{0.55cm}<{\centering}|p{0.55cm}<{\centering}|p{0.55cm}<{\centering}|p{0.55cm}<{\centering}}
		\hline
		Dataset&Method & B & R & M & C\\
		\hline
		\multirow{7}{*}{\tabincell{c}{MSR-\\VTT}}
		&TVT &40.1 &61.1  &28.2 &47.7 \\

		&MGSA &42.4  &- &27.6  &47.5 \\
		&Dense Cap &41.4  &61.1 &28.3  &48.9 \\
		&MARN &40.4 &60.7 &28.1 &47.1 \\

		&GRU-EVE &38.3  &60.7  &28.4  &48.1  \\
		&POS-CG & 42.0 & 61.1 &  28.1 & 49.0\\

		\cline{2-6}

		&SBAT & \bf 42.9&\bf  61.5&\bf 28.9 &\bf 51.6 \\

		\hline
		\hline
		\multirow{7}{*}{\tabincell{c}{MSVD}}
		&TVT &\bf 53.2 &- &35.2 &86.8 \\
		&SCN &51.1 &- &33.5 &77.7 \\

		&MARN &48.6 &71.9 &35.1 &\bf 92.2 \\

		&GRU-EVE &47.9 &71.5 &35.0 &78.1 \\
		&POS-CG &52.5 &71.3 &34.1 &88.7 \\

		\cline{2-6}

		&SBAT & 53.1 &\bf 72.3 &\bf 35.3 &89.5 \\
		\hline
	\end{tabular}
	\caption{Evaluation results of video captioning, where B, R, M, C denote BLEU4, ROUGE, METEOR, CIDEr, respectively.}
	\label{table:caption_result}
	\vspace{-0.3cm}
\end{table}

\subsection{Comparison with State-of-the-art}
Table \ref{table:caption_result} shows the results of different methods on MSVD and MSR-VTT. For a fair comparison, we compare SBAT with the methods which also use image features and motion features. The comparison methods include TVT \cite{chen2018tvt}, MGSA \cite{chen2019motion}, Dense Cap \cite{shen2017weakly}, MARN \cite{pei2019memory}, GRU-EVE \cite{aafaq2019spatio}, POS-CG \cite{wang2019controllable}, SCN \cite{gan2017semantic}. In Table \ref{table:caption_result}, SBAT shows better or competitive performances compared with the state-of-the-art methods. On MSR-VTT, SBAT outperforms TVT, MGSA, Dense Cap, MARN, GRU-EVE, POS-CG on all the metrics. In particular, SBAT achieves 51.6\% on CIDEr, making an improvement of 2.6\% over POS-CG. On MSVD, SBAT outperforms SCN, GRU-EVE, POS-CG on all the metrics and has a better overall performance than TVT and MARN.

\begin{figure}[h]

	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.65]{fig/visual.pdf}

	\caption{Visualization of attention mechanism. (a) and (b) denote Vanilla Transformer and SBAT, respectively. $x$ and $y$ axes both denote continuous video frames. The generated descriptions of two methods are both ``a man is shooting a gun".}
	\label{fig:result2}
	\vspace{-0.3cm}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Visualization of Attention Mechanism}

To further illustrate the effectiveness of SBAT, we conduct a case study and visualize the attention distributions of SBAT and Vanilla Transformer. In Fig. \ref{fig:result2}, we take a video clip for example. Note that we only visualize the weights of image modality for convenience, and we do not show the local attention weights. Fig. \ref{fig:result2}(a) shows that the attention weights of Vanilla Transformer are dispersed and Vanilla Transformer has a poor ability to detect the boundary of different scenarios. While Fig. \ref{fig:result2}(b) shows that (1) SBAT has more sparse attention weights than Vanilla Transformer; (2) SBAT accurately detects the scenario boundaries.

\subsection{Qualitative Results}

Fig. \ref{fig:result} shows several qualitative examples. We compare the descriptions generated by Vanilla Transformer, SBAT, and ground truth (GT). With the help of redundancy reduction and a better usage of global and local information, SBAT generates more accurate descriptions that are close to GT.

\section{Conclusion}

In this paper, we have proposed a new method called sparse boundary-aware transformer (SBAT) for video captioning. Specifically, we have proposed sparse boundary-aware strategy for improving the attention logits in vanilla transformer. Combined with local correlation and cross-modal encoding, SBAT can effectively reduce the feature redundancy and capture the global-local video information. The quantitative, qualitative, and ablation experiments on two benchmark datasets have demonstrated the advantage of SBAT.

\section*{Acknowledgments}

This work is supported in part by Science and Technology Innovation 2030 –"New Generation Artificial Intelligence" Major Project No.(2018AAA0100904), National Key R\&D Program of China (No. 2018YFB1403600), NSFC (No. 61672456, 61702448, U19B2043), Artificial Intelligence Research Foundation of Baidu Inc., the funding from HIKVision and Horizon Robotics, and ZJU Converging Media Computing Lab.

\bibliographystyle{named}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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It is very important that the investors should understand tax, laws and regulations and comply with them as there are some specific tax rules which are different for each country. Running businesses in Thailand, it is recommended to have basic knowledge on tax and regulations. GSiA has a strong reputation about tax services.


So we made it through another really hot day today. I think the hard work and heat has helped all of us really appreciate the simple things in life.....WATER!!! Let me rephrase that.....WATER IN A BAG! The school building project is going great. We are further along than expected. The walls are already going up. We didn't think they would be going up until early next week. But they are half way up on all sides.....and we added more rebar so the rest can go up tomorrow. So we now can add Masonry to our resume. Sydney S. at age 12 even was able to use the trowel and add brick today.....she is a bit more meticulous than the Haitian workers and was going back and fixing everyone's workmanship!!
So a few of us walked through part of the village today to try to find an "American Toilet". lol....yeah right. We had the opportunity to experience the haitian style instead!! But while out walking around we come upon Kedna. Kedna is one of the women who works for New Vision Ministries in the feeding program. The feeding program consist of 13 women who basically lived on the water front in old tatered tents. Everytime there were rain storms, the women and their small children would have their home (tent....palm leave homes) washed away. Dr. Kerry has taken these women and given them new homes in exchange for them cooking and feeding the elderly and homebound in the community. So......Kedna sees us walking around the village and comes seeking us out! Kedna has a little one named Tiana!! She would love the opportunity to GIVE us her baby......yes, I mean give us her baby....not just for the day...but indefinetly. Dr. Kerry is really working on helping her be a good mom and I have to say I do see the changes in her! However....today, she knew that the Blanc women would not pass up the opportunity to take the baby with us for the day!!! And how can you pass that up......a baby so stinking cute.....a break from construction....great photo ops!!! So she handed us Tiana and we headed out back to the work site with the baby!! It was a great stopping point for everyone working. Great excuse to take a break and come hold the little 4 month out with the great big eyes!!! We took turns sitting and holding her for probably several more hours. We decided maybe we should eventually we should give her back since none of us really had the capability to feed her!!
Excitement for the day.....the fisherman made an unexpected catch today.......2 dolphins. So we all hiked down to the water front to check them out and take some pics. While down at the water, the children of the village played with us in the water a bit and helped us find some sea shells. Kenzie found one of those HUGE conch shells just sitting along the edge of the water.....It is so beautiful here on the water front......if you didn't look behind you, you would still think you were in paradise!!
Tonight for dinner we all had a nice surprise!!! Who would of thought.....goat can be pretty good!! Our cook has been amazing and makes Tons of food for us. She cooks all day from scratch grinding spices and sorting beans for us. We definetly have not gone hungry on this trip. Bean sauce has become a favorite of many!! Tonights meal was actually many of our favorites so far!! After dinner we made cupcakes for the birthday party at the mission tomorrow....always a good way to end a night with a cupcake and icing!!!
After dinner and baking, we all sat around with Stephen and Autumn (the missionaries we are staying with) and just talked and laughed....and let me add....and laughed some more for hours. They are an amazing couple and have such a heart for God and serving the Haitian people. They would fit right in the Celebration staff with the pranks they like to play.....we now know that we will never travel here on April fools day!!!!!
We will try again later today!! We are blessed to have internet....so we really can't complain about how slow it is!!!
Hello from California! You are all missed and thought of ALL THE TIME!
Keep up on that sunscreen and drink, drink,drink!
Tonight is some kind of lunar show. I guess it is super close to Earth.
Know that we are all looking at the same beautiful moon, sending you prayers of love and health.


In keeping with the Polyform tradition of quality, the HTM (hole-through-middle) boat fender was designed to provide maximum protection in a wide variety of applications. Vertical ribs for extra protection, reinforced tube ends to prevent lines from pulling through if the fender gets caught in a tight spot, and extra wall thickness to resist punctures and tears are just a few of the features this high-quality fender has to offer. The HTM Series fender is designed to provide protection and stand-off for larger vessels between 20 to 50 feet in length. Choose from 4 sizes and a variety of Polyform colors.


Below is an alphabetical listing of OHS training offered by DMC/Innu DMC. Our training courses meet WorkplaceNL curriculum approval.
Courses are available both in-house and on-site and can be scheduled to meet specific client needs. Call us at 1-877-709-3359 to obtain a training quote.
This workshop will provide you with an awareness of respiratory protection equipment, programs, etc. Who Should Attend? This course is designed for anyone required to wear respiratory protection or anyone that performs respiratory fit testing. Duration Half (1/2) Day Curriculum Respiratory Protection Program Legislation & CSA Standards Responsibilities Evaluating Respiratory Hazards Respiratory User Screening Forms Selecting Respiratory Protective Equipment Selecting Cartridges and Filters Factors Affecting the Correct Fit Respiratory Fit tests: Qualitative vs. Quantitative Inspecting the Equipment Donning and Removing the Equipment Changing Cartridges and Filters Maintenance & Care of Equipment Proper Storage of Equipment Expiry While there is no official expiry date, DMC recommends that participants refresh their training every three (3) years to remain up-to-date on practices, procedures and standards.


Resting Stages: Under unfavorable environmental conditions, bacteria develop a thick outer wall and enter a dormant phase - in this resting state, the bacterium is called a spore. The bacteria can remain in this dormant state for long periods of time, surviving conditions that kill many other organisms.
Effects of Bacteria: Although bacteria case many illnesses (including dental caries, strep throat, cholera, and tuberculosis) and cause the harmful "red tide" seen in many lakes, bacteria also have many positive effects, including releasing nitrogen to plants and decomposing organic material. Bacteria also have crucial roles in the fermentation process and the manufacture of cheese and yogurt.
Bacteria Deep in the Oceans: Bacteria have recently been found living deep in ocean canyons and trenches that are more than 32,800 feet (10,000 meters) deep. These bacteria live in total darkness by thermal vents at tremendous pressure. These bacteria make their own food (via chemosynthesis) by oxidizing sulfur that oozes from deep inside the Earth.
Kingdom Monera (meaning "alone" or "solitary") - all prokaryotic organisms (having no nucleus and virtually no membraned organelles), like bacteria and blue-green algae.
Phylum Schizomycetes - true bacteria.


text:
Sir Arthur Bassett (1541–1586) was a member of the prominent west-country Basset family and was MP for Barnstaple in 1563 and Devon in 1572. He served as JP for Devon from 1569 to his death and as Sheriff of Devon in 1574–5. He was knighted in 1575. He had been appointed deputy warden of Stannaries by 1580.

Origins
He was the eldest son of John Bassett (died 1541) (son of Sir John Bassett (died 1529)) of Heanton Punchardon and Umberleigh in Devon and Tehidy in Cornwall, Sheriff of Cornwall in 1518 and 1523, by his wife Frances Plantagenet, the daughter and co-heiress of his step-father Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, bastard son of King Edward IV. Arthur Bassett was thus a grandson of Arthur Plantagenet on his mother's side, and on his father's side a grandson of Honor Plantagenet, Viscountess Lisle, née Honor Grenville, the second wife of Sir John Bassett (died 1529) who married secondly as his second wife the aforementioned Arthur Plantagenet. Making Bassett the cousin of Sir Richard Grenville the Younger, via Grenville's Aunt, Honor Grenville.

Career
Bassett was by religion a puritan, and a friend of the powerful Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford (1527–1585), of whose will he was an overseer. He helped to finance the expedition to the South Seas undertaken by his cousin, Sir Richard Grenville. His father-in-law Sir John Chichester (died 1569) conveyed to him for a term of five years the rectory of Pilton Priory, which he had himself acquired following the Dissolution of the Monasteries. He volunteered for military service in the Netherlands to defend the Protestant cause against the Spanish, where in 1586 he obtained a command at The Hague, serving under Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, the maternal uncle of his friend Sir Philip Sidney who was killed in 1586 at the Battle of Zutphen.

Marriage and children
He married Eleanor Chichester (died 1585), a daughter of Sir John Chichester (died 1569), MP, lord of the manor of Raleigh in the parish of Pilton, Devon. By her he had five sons and two daughters including:
Sir Robert Basset (1573–1641), his eldest son and heir, MP for Plymouth in 1593, who married Elizabeth Periam (1571-1635) (whose mural monument exists in Heanton Punchardon Church) the second daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Peryam, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Due to his Plantagenet ancestry he made what turned out to be a foolish and costly decision to offer himself as one of the many claimants to the throne of England after the death of Queen Elizabeth, perhaps encouraged by his father-in-law Peryam. He suffered a heavy fine for his action which, according to the biographer John Prince, involved the sale of thirty of the family's manors.
Margaret Bassett, who married Richard Duke (1567–1641) of Otterton, Devon (whose monumental brass plaque survives in Otterton Church).

Death and burial

Bassett died of Gaol Fever in 1586 whilst serving in his judicial role at the notorious Lent Black Assize of Exeter from 14 March 1586. Eight other judges or Justices of the Peace also died of the same fever. In his will dated 18 October 1585 he asked to be buried "honestly and decently" beside his wife. He died before 7 April 1586. His curiously small chest tomb with inscribed slate top slab exists in Atherington Church, which was historically within the manor of Umberleigh. It is likely that his burial took place in the Umberleigh Chapel, now a ruin, which stood next to the manor house of Umberleigh. All the tombs and monuments were removed from there to Atherington Church in about 1820, and thus Sir Arthur's slab probably sits on a modern base. The surface of the slate has largely flaked off, but the central escutcheon showing the arms of Bassett impaling Chichester is still visible, with part of the inscription in a ledger line around the perimeter, and some verse beneath the shield:

"Here lie ye bodies of ye Right Worshipful and Worthy Knight, Sir Arthur Bassett and Elianora his wife, daughter of Sir John Chichester of Rawleigh... the 2nd April 1586. The latter buried the 10th July 1585... behind them 5 sonnes and 2 daughters. Requiescant in pace" ("May they rest in peace")" Below is the impaled shield, below which is the following verse:
"He that is three in one and one in three,
First made us two, then one, this one were wee,
One love, one life we lived, one year, one death
Rocked us asleepe by borrowing but our breath.
Grave the bed that holds us both, the stone
(That) hides us covert, the bed is one,
One Heaven contains our souls, one trumpte one day,
(Will) raise our bodies from this bed of clay.
Death which useth others to dissever,
(Hath) once united us forever"

References

Sources

Hasler, P.W., Biography of Arthur Bassett published in History of Parliament, House of Commons 1558-1603, London, 1981

1541 births
1586 deaths
Arthur
English MPs 1563–1567
English MPs 1572–1583
High Sheriffs of Devon
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Barnstaple
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Devon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I have been to many many family shows, fairs and expos both as a mother to 2 girls and as the General Manager at Gymboree and I must say that I have never been as excited about one as I am about the ModernFamilyExpo!
The ModernFamilyExpo – presented by Whole Foods Market, is launching at the Pinnacle Hotel at the Pier in North Vancouver on Sunday, February 23, 2014. I love that it is right on my home turf! Attending most shows typically means crossing a bridge, or three, but this is right in my own backyard. The North Shore has such a great community of families and I know this will showcase everything that is available to them in terms of eco-friendly, healthy, active solutions for the whole family. ModernFamilyExpo will feature experts & over 65 exhibitors in 5 categories: Eco-Friendly Living, Food & Nutrition, Health & Wellness, Pre & Postnatal, and Active Living in an effort to help everyday families find ways to take "just one step" in the right direction, giving them simple tools to live greener, healthier lives.
Par-T-Perfect Kid Zone (bouncy castle, face painting, craft stations, Gymboree Play & Music and Leap! Therapy play area, Cinderella meet & greet, and Whole Foods Market "play with your food" station).
You can get tickets for this great event for just $8 online in advance (click the banner above) or $10 cash at the door and kids under 12 are free! Or, you could enter the amazing Ultimate Date Night giveaway below and not only scoop up 4 tickets, but also one night accommodation at the Pinnacle Hotel at the Pier (Harbourview Room), dinner for 2 in the Lobby Restaurant at the Pinnacle Hotel at the Pier and a $100 gift certificate for services at Avita Health & Massage Therapy Centre – a value of $390!
Looking forward to this expo.
Me too, it's going to be a good one!
The Family Expo sounds like fun, I might just need to head over to the main land to check it out!
Sounds like a neat event! Maybe I'll have to make the trek in to check it out.


Just a quick post to make people aware of the publication of "Part I" of an interview I took part in a couple of weeks ago. It is especially geared towards those just getting into worm composting – seasoned veterans may not get much from it (but ya never know).
As my own worst critic (and then some), I found it difficult to listen to it myself – but hey, you can't get better at something unless you actually DO it, right?
I am very glad I took part, and want to thank Frank Aragona, host of the Agroinnovations Podcast, for inviting me to participate.
I will post a link to Part II once it is published next Monday.


- then once i enter it i get acces to my files. Does such a program exist thanks-Drew i need this program to not need admin rights like true crypt does.
you can still use TrueCrypt, but have tcexplorer on your drive as it can export, delete, rename, view, edit and execute files in TrueCrypt containers with out admin rights.
I third truecrypt - it can also have an autorun ini that prompts when its plugged in.


Add between 5-10 drops to your desired food or beverage.
5 drops are the equivalent to 0.25ml giving each 38ml bottle an approximate 150 servings.
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Natural Colouring (Curcumin Extract E100), Sweetener (Sucralose).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Natural Colouring (Beetroot Extract E162).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Colouring (Beetroot Extract E162).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Natural Colouring (Beetroot Extract E162, Curcumin Extract E100).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Natural Colouring (Caramel E150a, Beetroot Extract E162).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Natural Colouring (Curcumin Extract E100).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Natural Colouring (Annatto Extract E160b, Curcumin Extract E100).
Natural Flavouring, Natural Colouring (Beetroot Extract E162, Curcumin Extract E100), Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose).
Natural Flavouring, Deionised Water, Sweetener (Sucralose), Natural Colouring (Caramel E150a).
No Calories, No Carbohydrates, No Fat.
As my favourites were sold out, I decided to try a new brand. Nice flavour, but definitely need to add fair few drips. However I think the flavour/ sweetness balance is not right as more drops better flavour but too sweet for my liking. Would buy again if nothing else available tho. Had the toffee caramel.


text:
MMA, WWE News
Daniel Cormier Addresses Brock Lesnar's UFC Promo, Talks Potential Mega-Fight
UFC Heavyweight and Light Heavyweight Champion Daniel Cormier, who as noted, has a tryout to become a commentator for WWE and is rumored to be fighting WWE Universal Champion Brock Lesnar in his Octagon return in early 2019, recently appeared as a guest on Busted Open Radio to promote his first UFC Heavyweight Title defense against Derrick "The Black Beast" Lewis at UFC 230. Featured below are some of the highlights from the show that included WWE and/or Brock Lesnar-related discussion.
On feeling like he had his "WrestleMania Moment" by having the altercation with Brock Lesnar inside the Octagon at UFC 226 after winning the UFC Heavyweight Championship: "I am in the ring, as Stipe Miocic's song starts I look across the octagon and Brock Lesnar is staring at me smiling. I am thinking to myself, okay, obviously Brock is here for a fight. Let me take care of this and I will come to you afterward.
"I win the fight, I go, 'Brock, you obviously wanted it. Get your ass in here if you wanted it.' Now, I didn't know he was going to push me. If I knew he was going to push me I would have dug my heels. I didn't like the visual of him pushing me and me flying back like that. It is not the best visual for a guy like me. I don't want to seem like he can just toss me around."
"Right after that, we kept going back and forth. Brock did a promo on me calling me a piece of sh*t. I don't know why they haven't had Brock talking in years because he is good at it. It is special when he does so maybe that is why it resonated so well. Then he left, but I mean I would have dug my heels first off, and secondly, I would have pushed him back. But honestly, I was in there thinking, holy s**t, I am having a WrestleMania moment. I am having a WrestleMania moment right now with Brock Lesnar. It is the greatest, craziest thing and was thinking about how amazing it was. Even at that moment, I was like, this is crazy."
On knowing that an enormous pay day comes with fighting the reigning WWE Universal Champion: "It was crazy in the ring, but when I got to the back I was like, holy smokes, we are going to make a sh*t ton of money because look, Brock Lesnar is a special attraction. That is why when he shows up, he wasn't at UFC just to watch a fight. He doesn't go to a UFC and watch a fight. He barely watches WWE and he works there you know what I am saying? I knew he was coming for something so I was like this dude wanted something and I am going to give it to him.
"Me getting to fight Brock Lesnar – because I remember my partner, Cain Velasquez fighting him in 2010. Brock walked into the arena and that place was electric. I mean, Anaheim was insane. I had never felt energy like that and I was at UFC 200, we fought on the same card so it was electric that night as well. So, just to be standing opposite of him in an octagon is going to be insane, but once that bell rings and they yell fight, I am going to kill him. He is going to be completely in over his head."
Check out the complete Daniel Cormier appearance on Busted Open Radio below, and order UFC 230: Cormier vs. Lewis live on pay-per-view tonight from Madison Square Garden in New York to see if D.C. retains his UFC Heavyweight Championship, and whether or not "The Beast Incarnate" makes another post-fight promotional appearance inside the cage.
Update On WWE Trying To Hide Hogan's Return, Lesnar's Unique WWE Future & BIG WWE Signings Coming Soon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Building mother-daughter bonds
By Jane Yolen
Review by bookpagedev
Growing up is difficult. Spanning the centuries, history and literature have recorded a communications gap separating one generation from the next. But don't lose heart. Lessons from the annals of history have taught us that wisdom and truth are ageless. To that end, Dear Mother, Dear Daughter offers a creative, problem-solving communications tool in the form of 17 beguiling coming-of-age poems which will make you smile, chuckle and even shed a tear. That special bond between mother and child evinces love in a rhythmic exchange of thoughts, fears, hopes and dreams.
Every female reader will easily identify with these poetic exchanges between mother and daughter. Each of the poems addresses a theme familiar to all of us: a desire to be independent, to excel, to be popular, attractive, courageous and solvent and to develop the ability to confront our fears and rejections. These themes are expressed by specific examples common to adolescence: height and weight concerns, boredom, bedtime, sports and musical talents, fashion trends, responsibility for one's actions, defense of the underdog and death of a grandparent. Although these issues are not unique, this form of communication is. In a concise, lyrical format, a mother offers sound, wise advice to a daughter challenged by adolescent growing pains.
Talent, heart and soul combine in these verses by Jane Yolen and her real-life daughter, Heidi Stemple, to endear the reader to both mother and daughter. Jane Yolen is the award-winning author of more than 200 books. Heidi Stemple's short stories and poetry have appeared in numerous magazines and journals.
The poems are enhanced by the artistic contributions of Gil Ashby whose artwork has appeared in many advertisements, textbooks and children's books. If improved communication with your children is your goal, and you're looking for a fresh approach, don't pass this one up. It will help you bridge the generation gap and build mutual respect.
C. Elizabeth Davis is a former marketing director for the education division of Turner Broadcasting System.
Dear Mother, Dear Daughter
Boyds Mills Press


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

	<meta charset="UTF-8">
	<title>Doge Social Network - Home</title>

Home

Profile

Friends

Welcome to the Doge Social Network

Here you can find friends or stalk strangers.

The Doge Social Network does not take any responsibility for the information found

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


These initiatives help young people enhance self-expression and creativity, develop multicultural appreciation, provide exposure to and develop skills in crafts and visual, performing and literary arts. We offer a wide variety of programs within this department, and they often vary depending on the expertise of the Cultural Arts Specialist and the volunteers available at that Club. Most Clubs, include the following program activities in the art department.
This year-round program encourages artistic expression among Club members ages 6-18 through drawing, painting, printmaking, collage, mixed media and sculpture displayed at local and regional exhibits. A panel of distinguished judges selects works for inclusion in the National Fine Arts Exhibit, which debuts at B&GCA's annual National Conference and is displayed throughout the ensuing year at other B&GCA events.
This year-round program and annual contest, both sponsored by Circuit City Foundation, encourage girls and boys ages 6-18 to learn and practice black and white, color and digital process photography. The ImageMakers National Photography Contest provides local, regional and national recognition.
Cultural Arts Staff and Keystone members create a maze through the art room, the halls, locker rooms, and the gym. Members also play characters in the Haunted House and serve as tour guides for the younger members.
Club members are able to enjoy a variety of hands-on arts and crafts.
Promotes the learning and understanding of different cultures.
Children get to color a variety of pictures and enter them in contests held in our facility.
Club members actively participate in making and hanging decorations for the Club Youth of the Year ceremony as well as many other special events.
Club members learn how to safely and proper make certain meals and snacks.


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MEK: Hezbollah Under Iran's Command
Written by Esmail Mohades on October 22, 2021 . Posted in NEWS
(PMOI / MEK Iran) and (NCRI): Hezbollah funds itself with direct transfers from Iran.
The Islamic Republic of Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, has made no secret of his desire to rule the Middle East. Khamenei and his acolytes already claim control of three Arab capitals: Damascus, Baghdad, and Sanaa, and they'd want to add Beirut to the list.
Lebanon has devolved into a genuine catastrophic
Lebanon has devolved into a genuine catastrophic case in the 15 months since a catastrophic explosion demolished the port of Beirut in August 2020. The economy and currency of Lebanon have both collapsed. The country now has the world's third-highest inflation rate, trailing only Zimbabwe and Venezuela. Electricity blackouts, which were previously unheard of in this oil-rich country, have become commonplace, forcing business and industry away. Large fields of untapped hydrocarbon reserves have long been recognized in the eastern Mediterranean, but political gridlock in Beirut has hampered their development.
Iran has seized the chance to tighten its grip over Lebanon, sensing that America has lost interest in the Middle East following its disastrous retreat from Afghanistan and vow to withdraw all combat forces from Iraq. The mullahs' administration has begun shipping petrol-filled tankers to Beirut and has offered to construct two new power plants. Any challenge to their hegemony will be met with savage retaliation from their Hezbollah allies.
(PMOI / MEK Iran) and (NCRI): Iranian fuel oil shipment for Lebanon to sail within hours, Hezbollah says.
Tehran was primarily to blame
Last week, when protestors seeking the dismissal of a judge investigating last year's explosion were attacked, shooting and mortar fire erupted in Beirut, evoking memories of the 1975 civil war. Hezbollah had organized the protest, and they quickly blamed the assault on the Saudi-backed Christian Lebanese Forces party, which had killed six Shi'ites. The emergence of a new civil war involving Lebanon's three distinct communities, Shi'ia, Sunni, and Christian, would play right into Iran's hands.
When civil war broke out in Iraq, Tehran was primarily to blame. The Iranian dictatorship had urged their puppet Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki to crack down on the Sunni minority, sparking a backlash that Islamic State immediately exploited. ISIS swept into Iraq in 2014, taking almost 40% of the country's territory. The Iranian authorities then took advantage of the situation.
(PMOI / MEK Iran) and (NCRI): Developments in Lebanon cause concern for the Iranian regime.
The mullahs despatched the terrorist leader
The mullahs despatched the terrorist leader of their extraterritorial Quds Force, Gen. Qassem Soleimani, to lead the assault against the insurgents, claiming to be helping their Iraqi neighbors and the West in the fight against ISIS. Soleimani, who oversaw the heinous killing of tens of thousands of Iraqi Sunnis in the historic towns of Fallujah, Ramadi, and Mosul while commanding Iraqi Shi'ite militias, left a trail of flaming wreckage in his aftermath.
On Jan. 3, 2020, Soleimani and the Iraqi chief of Hashd al-Shabi, Abu Mehdi Mohandes, were assassinated in a Baghdad Airport drone strike ordered by US President Donald Trump. The Iranian regime suffered a major blow as a result of this. There is mounting dissatisfaction in Iran as a result of their own deteriorating economy under strong American sanctions and the coronavirus outbreak, which has killed 460,000 people.
(NCRI) and (PMOI / MEK Iran): Millions of Iraqis took to the street, demanding a none corrupt government and eviction of the Iranian regime from their country.
Ebrahim Raisi is regarded as the Butcher of Tehran
Ebrahim Raisi is regarded as the Butcher of Tehran because of his suspected role in the slaughter of more than 30,000 political prisoners in 1988, most of them were followers of the People's Mojahedin of Iran (PMOI / MEK Iran). Raisi is accused of ordering the assassination of 1,500 young protestors during the 2019 countrywide uprising while serving as the chief of the judiciary.
Thousands more were hurt, and a large number of people were detained, tortured, and murdered. Khamenei is plainly convinced that a brutal, hard-line president will allow Iran to reclaim its Middle Eastern dominance and stretch its global strength.
(NCRI) and (PMOI / MEK Iran): Ebrahim Raisi, the then caretaker of AQR, offers Qassem Soleimani, commander of terrorist Quds Force, the highest honorary title of AQR, July 21, 2018, Mashhad, Iran.
The next goal for Khamenei
The next goal for Khamenei and his new fanatical president is to add Beirut to Iran's list of supplicant Middle Eastern capitals. Last week's armed skirmishes in the Lebanese capital, which resulted in the deaths of two Hezbollah terrorists, will reawaken Tehran's support for the terrorist Shi'ia militant organization.
Hezbollah will be urged to retaliate by the mullahs. They are well aware that the group's advanced training program for other pro-Iranian Shi'ia militias across the Middle East is critical to their own survival. Hezbollah's extensive illicit fundraising activities, allied with its procurement, intelligence, cyber, and disinformation operations, have elevated it to a vital regional entity acting under Iran's command. Using Hezbollah to turn Lebanon into a client state is a top priority for the Iranian regime.
(NCRI) and (PMOI / MEK Iran): Khamenei, Nasrallah, and Soleimani are responsible for killing thousands of innocent people in Iran, Iraq, and Syria.
MEK Iran (follow us on Twitter and Facebook)
and follow Maryam Rajavi's on her site Twitter & Facebook
and follow NCRI (Twitter & Facebook) and People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran – MEK IRAN – YouTube
Tags: 1988 Massacre, Iran human rights, Iran Opposition, MEK, Mujahedin-e Khalq, National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), People's Mojahedin organization of Iran, PMOI


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Dauntless is out now on Nintendo Switch
Dauntless on Nintendo Switch lets you make a T-Rex tail into a hat on the go.
Dauntless, which brings the Monster Hunter formula to a free-to-play indie setting, is out today on Nintendo Switch. Its release was one of the big announcements at today's Indie World Direct.
The game has been cooking for a while. It was first released in beta back in 2018, then got an early access release this spring, before getting a full release on PC, Xbox One and PlayStation 4 in September.
The game, smartly and generously, allows players to cross save among versions. So if you've been playing for a while on PS4, you can seamlessly swap to Switch and back. All games should do this. Thank you, Dauntless.
Follow Thumbsticks on Flipboard or Twitter for more Nintendo news, and read more about this week's lineup of new Switch releases.
Related Topics:DauntlessMonster HunterNintendo SwitchPhoenix Labs
Andrew King is a journalist, critic, poet, stand-up comedian and museum caretaker living in Illinois.
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Wussy - Welcome to Daytrotter
Daytrotter Studios (Davenport, IA), 06/07/2016
By Daytrotter | January 13, 2017
Music Audio Wussy
daytrotter studios (davenport, ia)
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In this article, Bryce Yardney, Property Development Specialist at Metropole talks us through the risks involved in property development so you know how to manage them.
Many investors approach property development with rose coloured glasses, but in order to minimise your risks and maximise your chances of turning a good profit (remember you want at least 15 per cent on the development cost), as a developer you must understand the potential risks associated with the development process.
Whilst we've already considered problems associated with reducing acceptable profit margins and taking on too much too soon, here are some other common dilemmas developers can face on any given project.
Increases in interest rates which result in increased holding expenses.
It is all well and good to be able to service a loan and make repayments when interest rates are at an all time low, but you must always factor in the possibility of rate rises over the life of your development.
After all, it may be two to four years before you complete your project and realise enough profit to be able to refinance and pay out your development loan.
Even large, seasoned developers have been caught out when they have borrowed too much money on lower interest rates and then as rates started to increase substantially, they could no longer meet their loan commitments.
Increases in construction costs due to increases in the cost of building materials or labour.
This is another common trap developers fall into.
They account for set construction costs in their budget at the time of commencing their project, without having any contingency in place for a potential rise in these costs, which commonly occur annually in the construction industry.
They are then forced to either borrow more money (if the bank will allow them to – any this rarely happens), or sell their unfinished project and cop a loss in doing so.
You must always have a contingency fund to allow for things like an increase in the cost of building materials and labour.
For reasons such as increases in interest rates, cyclical movement in the real estate market and depressed or unstable general economic conditions resulting in lowered property values or increased holding costs until properties are sold.
We are all too familiar with this in recent times, yet it never ceases to amaze me that people who have worked within the industry for decades still do not allow for this natural occurrence.
The most important thing to remember as a developer is that property markets move in cycles and you really need to understand all of the fundamentals that drive booms and busts in order to time the start and finish of your projects accordingly.
Ideally, you want to be looking at acquiring sites during quieter times and marketing your completed project during times of heightened buyer activity and demand.
Variations occurring in the real estate market between supply and demand causing adverse fluctuations in real estate prices.
As most property investors know, the different fundamentals that drive the property market determine the varying levels of supply and demand at any given time.
When consumer confidence is high and interest rates favourably low for instance, there is often increased buyer activity, creating heightened demand and pushing prices up as purchasers compete for sought after real estate.
Furthermore, social changes such as immigration of new residents, baby booms and decreasing household sizes all mean we need more housing to accommodate a growing and changing population.
So what does this mean to developers and how can it make or break the success of a project?
Essentially, if you complete your development at a time when demand is drying up for certain economic and social reasons, you risk making a small profit or none at all if on-selling, or having very little equity to release if refinancing.
This is because at times of low demand within the property market, prices tighten as more stock sits on the market for extended periods and motivated vendors start selling up for "bargain basement" prices.
This is why I suggest you need to know what drives supply and demand in the property market and the various economic and social fundamentals that cause prices to rise and fall.
When you understand what influences market movements up and down, you will have more chance of getting the timing of your projects right, to coincide with periods of increased demand and rising values.
This is critical when chasing that minimum 15 per cent profit margin as having your completed project languishing on the market indefinitely will eat away at your profit.
Disputes with building and other trade contractors.
This is one dilemma that poses obvious risks to any development for a number of reasons.
Firstly, such conflict with your builders can result in lengthy delays which in turn, mean budget blowouts as you must account for increased holding costs.
Additionally, having tradespeople walk off the job half way through necessitates finding an alternative builder.
Oftentimes builders brought into a project midstream will charge more to complete a job and the reality is, you will have very little bargaining power as they know you are caught between a rock and a hard place.
You must establish good communication between yourself and you builder and/or tradespeople right form the beginning and document all deals in a formal contract to minimise the risk of such disputes occurring.
Should any disagreements arise during construction, be diplomatic in your management of them and try to resolve them as quickly and cleanly as possible.
This is an area where a good project manager can really be of valuable assistance.
In between acquiring your development site and obtaining planning permission, legislation can change and throw a spanner in the proverbial works.
It's not unusual for local and state government to amend planning regulations at the drop of a hat so as a developer, you need to be prepared for almost anything!
Having a good understanding of the laws relating to property development at the outset can save you a lot of drama in the long run and speaking with your local council in the beginning to find out whether changes might be in the pipeline is highly recommended to minimise any nasty surprises.
When town planning approval is required for a development, unexpected delays and increased holding costs may be encountered whilst the application is proceeding through the council maze.
It is also possible that approval will not be granted or will be granted on unfavourable terms.
When it comes to getting your plans across the bureaucratic line, the best approach is to hope for the best but expect the worst.
Having a strategy in place to address any issues that may arise during the planning stage is critical; this includes having an exit strategy.
Account for possible delays in your project's feasibility analysis and make sure you can cover your holding costs should the planning approval stage blowout indefinitely.
By taking these cautionary steps, you will be less likely to find yourself in a messy situation.
Additionally, make sure you have the right professionals on board who can assist you in addressing any town planning issues that arise.
Improvements you undertake may not necessarily result in significant increases in value of your property.
The most effective way to ensure you minimise the chance of this occurring is to do your homework!
Understand what sells and what doesn't when it comes to design and quality in the area you choose for your development project.
Know your target market and what they want before you begin and if doing a renovation, avoid costly structural improvements and go for aesthetic changes that actually add real value.
Speak to local agents to gauge what buyers in the area are looking for so you know what you have to deliver.
Unexpected structural defects or building deficiencies that may be encountered resulting in unexpected expenses being incurred for repairs or refurbishment.
This one applies more to renovation projects but can mean big losses in profit margins.
In order to minimise this risk it is essential that you fork out a bit of money upfront for building and/or pest inspections from qualified, independent professionals before you sign any contract of sale.
They will be able to forewarn you of any issues with the building and you can then make an informed decision as to whether you go ahead with the deal or not.
Such issues don't have to mean walking away from a potential project entirely as you may be able to use a building report to negotiate a cheaper purchase price.
Again, it all comes down to the numbers and whether at the end of the day, you can collect on that 15 per cent profit margin.
The bottom line that you must keep in mind is that when buying any type of property, you should always look for the downside.
For instance, when calculating potential returns from rentals always take a pessimistic view.
Test your ability to finance the property under the worst possible conditions.
Assume that interest rates will rise substantially and that rental values will hold or even drop.
Also, don't forget that you are required to pay tax on any rental income, so factor this into your cash flows.
If after these pessimistic calculations, you can still make a good return on a prospective property development, you can proceed knowing that even in a worst-case scenario, where the bottom falls out of the market, you will not lose money.
A good property developer learns to be risk conscious rather than risk adverse because the truth is if you never take a risk you will never make a gain.
The difference between successful and unsuccessful developers is that successful people take risks whilst constantly looking to minimise them.
In the next article of our small development series, Bryce will take a closer look at how to minimise risk by undertaking a detailed feasibility study.
If you want to learn more about the property development process you may be interested in How To Get Started in Property Development.
Thanks for this very informative series of guide to property development. I just started reading the articles but couldn't find the Part 1 and 2 of the series. Could you please let me know the links?


2019 Volkswagen Atlas V6 SEL Colors, Release Date, Redesign, Price – The 2019 Volkswagen Atlas is viewed as the American variation the company has perhaps manufactured. That is because of the simple fact, in contrast to prior Volkswagen SUVs, the Atlas is not a Western automobile personalized to match the United States enjoys. Considerably, the Atlas was designed, created and created in the initial spot as simply being a family members vehicle for American resident consumers.
That suggests it is massive, far more important than almost all its good friends basically, with three collections of resting and a considerable freight region. The Atlas is also on the house about the wide open up highway thanks to gentle suspension adjusting and specific steering. And as with any excellent property vehicle nowadays, the Atlas uses a good deal of systems to hold each and every guest engaged and harmless. As Volkswagens go, it is much better matched up for satisfaction than any product or service just before it, nevertheless, its opponents have been founded with a similar seeks. Soon after a pair of time right behind the wheel, this may be our deal with how the Atlas piles up.
On the way, the Atlas is uncomplicated to advance. You can have personal-personal-self-confidence experiencing it in close proximity to changes. It includes a lot more strong sensation than the soft-bicycling Toyota Highlander, for example. The steering is soft and precise despite the fact that the braking system believes tough and simple to control. It consumes up road MLS rapidly with little or no wandering around or need for continuous improvements. We believe about the Mazda CX-9 the handling specifications for the type. Nonetheless, the Atlas is not drastically powering.
Significantly of that place goes to offering third-row company some terrific legroom, a component that may change due to the fact the up coming-row car seats modify forwards and back again. To look into the effectiveness of the lines, we transformed the top website visitor office chair to put a 6-feet. Developed-Up easily and then performed the distinct very same complements one more row linked to it. That exact same 6-footer then staying in the 3rd row, after which there are no knee joints pressing the rear of the center-row couch, a notable fulfillment in every three-row car.
In the motorist's seating, the Atlas can feel as huge as its styles counsel. The far more great, well-toned dash panel is not going to intrude into both the driver's or top guest's location, plus the substantial middle game playing system is out of the strategy up to you want a smooth location to unwind your elbow. The look at the inside of the hood is not as considerable as we may like, however. You will more than likely really feel as if you are sitting down very low and seeking at the cap as an alternative choice to being seated up higher to see it slope from you.
Despite how the seating is altered, the second row is tremendous. Like another enormous crossover Sports energy vehicles, the Atlas makes use of the two captain's seating or even a 60/40-split collapsable counter seat. Freight space running the third row is also large at 20.6 cubic toes, a quantity that easily shirts each Pilot (18.5 cubes) as nicely as the Highlander (13.8) however comes up briefly of the Ford Explorer (21.). The freight area alone features a decrease liftover levels for easy packaging; there are large wide open holding wells found on both sides that are sufficient to maintain very small bags of household goods.
A comparable should not be noted relating to the general electrical generator performance of your Atlas, however. 2 options are introduced: the initially 2.-liter turbocharged four-cylinder situated at 235 horsepower as properly as a no-obligatory 3.6-liter V6 with 276 Hewlett Packard. Evenly built-in a seven-velocity computerized transferring and mail out the remarkable ability to at times the top area tires just as well as for all wheels as well as the optional 4Motion all-wheel-drive system.
It is specifically the exact same length (198.3 ") as becoming the Ford Explorer and a tiny past the Honda Pilot and Toyota Highlander. A lot more considerably, the Atlas has significantly more area in between the back and front rims than the 3 of individuals adversaries, so passenger space inside of is enough.
Volkswagen's entry to the nicely-enjoyed center of the dimensions, 3-row SUV market, the 2019 Atlas, is costed from just $31,425. The body contains a very first $925 place charge. The Atlas can be obtained from 5 nicely toned qualifications, beginning with the base S at $31,425 experiencing a 2.-liter engine and front side drive. The toned portions transfer up, by means of SE, SE with Technological innovation, 2019 Volkswagen Atlas V6 SEL, and in addition the topline V6-only SEL Premium, which at $49,415 attributes typically almost everything.


New Delhi: Many celebs on Friday attended Reliance Industries Chairman and Managing Director Mukesh Ambani's daughter Isha Ambani's engagement bash in Italy.
The Ambani family is hosting a three-day extravaganza to celebrate the engagement of Isha with Anand Piramal in picturesque Lake Como, in northern Italy on the lap of Alps.
The list of guests included Priyanka Chopra and fiance Nick Jonas, along with Anil Kapoor, Manish Malhotra, among others.
Social media is abuzz with the pictures of the newly engaged couple, Priyanka and Nick. The two looked stunning in traditional Manish Malhotra attire.
Bollywood's Mr. India also looked dapper as he attended the Ambani bash. He took to social media to share a picture from the event.
Isha and Anand are reportedly set to tie the knot in December this year. Anand, son of Swati and Ajay Piramal, is the founder of Piramal Realty, one of India's most admired real estate companies. Earlier this year, he proposed to his long-time friend Isha at a temple in Mahabaleshwar.


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College tackles cash issues
The college is working to stabilise its financial position, according to the Auditor General's report.
Poor planning and over-optimism contributed to financial problems at New College Lanarkshire, according to a recent report.
The college received £1.9m from the Scottish Funding Council (SFC) in July 2017 after suffering cash-flow problems which, Auditor General Caroline Gardner said, were attributed to lower than expected fee income and higher than anticipated costs around national pay bargaining, pensions and national insurance.
The report also said issues stemmed from setting an ambitious tuition fee income target of £6.1m but bringing in only £5.2m; not planning effectively for £400,000-worth of pay increases resulting from the reintroduction of national bargaining in the college sector and an underlying deficit in 2016/17 of £560,000.
Ms Gardner said that a plan to reduce cost pressures - a condition of the SFC advance - has yet to be finalised. In the meantime, the college has taken steps to improve its financial reporting and reduce its estate and IT costs. The SFC has also agreed to provide £1.1m for a voluntary redundancy scheme.
Ms Gardner said: "Colleges operate in narrow margins and relatively small changes in income or expenditure can push a college from a surplus into a deficit position. New College's problems were caused partly by overly optimistic assumptions around tuition fee income, and partly by poor financial planning around cost pressures such as national pay bargaining. The college is continuing to work with the SFC to stabilise its position and I will be keeping its position under review."
Helping harmony in the open air


Handmade porcelain Gaiwan, underglaze Blue and White (Qinghua) style. Wonderful lotus painting.
The designer of this item imagined a lotus which can't stop climbing, a fast growing climbing plant. Searching for the right place for its flowers to blossom. It seems like it never ends, an endless lotus. It's one of the most remarkable expressions of the blue-and-white style. None of this is painted on the glaze, all is painted before the firing, with high uncertainty of the result.
Due to the handcrafting of this item, it will enhance your tea, it will enhance your tea tasting experience. Not just because of its beauty (is it modern or classic), but mainly because of the design: the fragrance will be held under the cover, the cover fits so precisely onto the bowl, that you don't need a sieve and the upper part is wide enough for not getting too hot.
Once you have this gaiwan, you only need a cup, a small matching cloth to place them on and good natural tea, from Teazaar. Tea lovers in some areas do drink their green tea directly from the gaiwan, there is nothing against this approach too.


Low educated, low-literate L2-learners (LESLLA-learners) have long been part of the migrant population in Europe, but in recent years their presence has increased, both proportionally and in absolute numbers (CoE, 2013). Following the augmented influx of migrants that began in 2015, most European countries have started implementing language requirements, or have strengthened already existing criteria. Many European countries now require all migrants to demonstrate language skills at a certain level, and in most cases the requirements for LESLLA learners and those for the general population are the same.
As the presence of LESLLA learners in the test-taker population increases, the dearth of knowledge on this population in applied linguistics becomes quite manifest indeed. LESLLA learners remain an understudied population in SLA research (Tarone, 2009). Few SLA theories and models take into account how LESLLA-learners approach the task of learning a second language, or map the obstacles they face during assessment.
In line with this need for empirical data on low-educated learners, the purpose of this task is twofold. First, I aim to outline the political context in Europe when it comes to language criteria for migrants. For this, I will focus on a very recent study conducted on behalf of the Council of Europe (CoE) in which we consulted with government representatives of 34 CoE member states. The results show a gradual increase in language requirements over time, combined with a lack of attention for LESLLA learners. Importantly, the language requirements are typically not based on any empirical data or research.
In the second part of the talk I will zoom in on the Belgian context, and compare the speaking and writing results of LESLLA learners to those of the general migrant population. All 1053 participants took the same centralized test at the A2 level of the CEFR – the required language level for permanent residency and citizenship in Belgium. The results clearly show large and significant performance differences between candidates with different educational backgrounds, especially for the written skills. Moreover, the language classes that are designed to cater to the needs of migrants with different levels of schooling appear to be ineffective in bridging the gap between lower and higher educated learners. Over the course of these classes, the performance gap between these groups of learners effectively increases.
Since this paper has implications that are of empirical and societal value, I will finish by discussing some ethical and professional implications of using language requirements to determine citizenship or permanent residence.
A postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Leuven, Belgium, I am working at the University of Melbourne from January until March 2019. My primary research interest is the role and impact of high-stakes tests in today's society. When language tests are used to determine the capabilities and opportunities of people, it is my aim to work with relevant stakeholders to empirically investigate the real-world impact of those tests, the assumptions that support their use, and the intended and unintended consequences of the testing policy. Currently, I am primarily focused on how language tests for citizenship and permanent residence affect low-educated, low-literate learners. In previous projects I mainly worked on university admission language requirements.


Singers.com - American Standards Arranged for Male Voices - Songbooks and Sheet Music.
A selection of songbooks and sheet music arrangements of American Standards for male voices.
Originally arranged for the Gay Men's Chorus of Los Angeles, this Kander and Ebb Cabaret classic is delightfully cheeky and molto espresso! Available separately: SATB, TTBB. Duration: ca: 3:00.
Give your men a challenge with this Cole Porter favorite! Few members of your audience and even fewer of your students will recall the Roy Rogers movie of the same name. Add some cowboy hats and a little pizzazz and you'll bring a smile to every face when you perform this one!
Carl Strommen brings his superb arranging ability to this delightful new setting of the classic favorite "I'm Always Chasing Rainbows. " An easy to sing, straight-ahead setting!
Composer Criddle has taken this classic Stephen Foster melody and arranged it in a way that takes full advantage of the drama and humor in the Foster lyrics. Your men will love bringing these lyrics to life as Reed has inserted dramatic puases for the singers to dramatically react. Fun and laughter will be had by all.
Burt Bacharach and Rudy Perez wrote this anthem dedicated to the survivors, victims and families affected by school violence. It's powerful in both lyric and melody and will certainly move your singers, audience and community when performed. We can't live like this forever, gotta have a change of heart. We can live in peace together. Why is it always a fight? If we just respect each other, though we don't see eye to eye, if we do that, love will finally start.
Nat King Cole's recording of this Academy Award-winning song topped the charts for eight weeks in 1950 and has been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. This expressive choral setting, now also including a TTBB voicing, will allow every choir to sound their best. A gem! Available separately: SATB, SAB, SSA, TTBB, ShowTrax CD. Duration: ca. 3:00.
Mark Hayes : Strike Up the Band!
The fabulous Mark Hayes arrangement is all-American, all the way! Opens with a martial verse, which sets the drums rolling and the trumpets sounding. Concert band-style SoundPax available separately, or use the SoundTrax CD. Hooray!
Everyone's favorite tribute to the Big Apple has been newly arranged in an unforgettable "Sinatra-style," complete with the irresistible final kick line. A choral classic, sure to last in your library for years. "Start spreadin' the news!"
Well-crafted choral writing with an unending rhythmic drive propels this spectacular arrangement from beginning to end.
First recorded by Ben E. King and the Drifters in 1960 this easy listening love song is here set in a doo wop style that harkens back to the 1950s with finger snaps, a doo wop bass line and a feature for a soloist who can really bring the style. The instrumental accompaniment for 2 trumpets, tenor and baritone saxophones, trombone and rhythm section is just as stylish as the vocals and together a scene with poodle skirts, bobby sox, duck tail hairstyles and all things cool from the period is set.
One of the top standards of all time! This rich setting will showcase concert, community and pop choirs with dreamy rubato phrasing, warm harmonies and the full range of emotional expressivity.
Kirby Shaw : What'll I Do?
This wonderfully evocative a cappella setting of the Irving Berlin classic features the warm and lovely melody supported by gently pulsing vocal accompaniment, sure to create a magical moment in concert!
The Sherman Brothers may be best known for their many Disney contributions, but this pop hit shot them straight to the top of the Billboard 100 when it was covered by Ringo Starr. Quickly-learned harmonies guarantee success!


Less than half of American doctors speak another language in addition to English and many of them turn to Google Translate to instruct patients who have a different first language.
Communicating instructions like when and how to take medications is essential to patients' recovery but – especially in emergency departments – there may not always be a physician available and equipped to do so.
A new study from the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) found that about 60 percent of discharge instructions made by Google translate were accurate, an encouraging stat for tech-reliant doctors.
But four percent were way off – and their inaccuracies could prove dangerous, if not fatal, to patients.
Over 20 percent of Americans do not speak English as their first language, and about half of those primarily speak Spanish at home.
And Latino men and women in the US are twice as likely as the general American population to go to an emergency room for non-emergencies.
Nearly 40 percent of Latinos said they 'rely' on the ER, according to consumer healthcare nonprofit FAIRHealth.
So the population that looks to the ER for the largest proprotion of their medical needs is also the one that physicians there are less likely to be able to clearly and effectively serve.
Americans on the whole and doctors in particular are becoming more multilingual, with 42 percent of doctors in California now reporting that they are fluent in at least one language besides English.
But, internationally, 56 percent of medical graduates report speaking other languages, compared to just 37 percent here.
Translation AIs, like Google Translate, offer tools to bridge that gap, and while they might be better than nothing, they may also lull doctors and patients into a false sense of security that everyone is on the same page.
'Google Translate is more accurate than a lot of clinicians believe, and I think it's definitely more useful than not providing anything at all,' said first study author Dr Elaine Khoong, a primary care researcher at UCSF.
The new UCSF research, published in JAMA Internal Medicine today, revealed just how useful Google's translation tool is, as well as how dangerous it may be when the AI misses the mark.
Dr Khoong and her team analyzed how Google Translate converted instructions from 100 ER discharge papers into either Spanish or Chinese.
The app is a bit more adept at Spanish, and was about 92 percent accurate in interpreting English instructions for Spanish speakers.
In Chinese, the translations were only about 81 percent accurate.
Some of the results the AI spit out were comical, while others were downright scary.
Either way, the UCSF team decided these were 'life threatening' instructions.
The more casually, complexly or jargon-heavily doctors spoke or wrote in English, the more perplexed Google got.
'It confused the machine because the sentence structure was so complicated,' Dr Khoong said.
The researchers saw that as far from ideal, but not a fatal error.
In a perfect world, a tool like Google's should be used in conjunction with a translator or at least a friend or family member with some second language skills.
The researchers suggested instead that maybe doctors should give patients for whom English is a second language an English copy of the discharge order as well as the Google Translated one, so the could ask English speaking friends of family to clarify anything that seemed strange.
Still, they gave Google Translate a tepid endorsement: 'We cautiously support its use,' the authors wrote.


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