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Home AUT News 2021 JMAD Media Ownership Report
2021 JMAD Media Ownership Report
The 2021 Aotearoa New Zealand Media Ownership Report by the AUT research centre for Journalism, Media and Democracy (JMAD) observes the introduction of a government-supported Public Interest Journalism Fund. From $55 million, new journalism positions, projects and training programmes were established across the media sector. The funding gave cause for optimism, but it was unclear how permanent these initiatives would be.
After the initial Public Interest Journalism Fund rollouts, Facebook (renamed Meta) launched a programme for domestic news outlets to build audience and reader revenue. Notably, however, Facebook/Meta and Google take content from outside news outlets without compensation. Consequently, the News Publishers Association (NPA) asked the Commerce Commission to grant New Zealand news publishers the power to negotiate for payments with social media corporations. Behind the scenes, a number of news media organisations are starting negotiations with Google.
What Meta launched in New Zealand is underwhelming when compared internationally. Google has already negotiated deals with some New Zealand publishers. So, we are seeing interesting cracks opening between social media companies and media outlets, says JMAD Co-Director Merja Myllylahti.
In 2021, the New Zealand market lost one independently owned media outlet—BusinessDesk. It was acquired by NZME—a major news publisher and half owner of the country's entire commercial radio sector. The government-proposed merger of TVNZ and RNZ into one public media entity was pushed out to 2022. During 2021, AT&T WarnerMedia merged with Discovery, which had purchased MediaWorks' television holdings in 2020. Discovery announced plans to bring new channels to the national television market in 2022.
Against the commercial priorities of social media and transnational media corporates, the principles of public interest journalism have no institutional or legislative guarantee, says JMAD Co-Director Wayne Hope.
Key trends and events in the New Zealand media:
Independently owned BusinessDesk sold to NZME
TVNZ and RNZ merger decision delayed until 2022
Discovery expands and launches new channels in NZ
News publishers launch action against Google and Facebook
Several AUT academics from the School of Communications Studies contributed to the 2021 JMAD Report, drawing on expertise in their fields. The report was edited by Professor Wayne Hope and co-ordinated by Dr Saing Te, and they also contributed to the report. Other contributors included Dr Sarah Baker, Dr Peter Hoar, Dr Rufus McEwan, Dr Atakohu Middleton, and Dr Greg Treadwell.
About JMAD
JMAD is AUT's research centre for Journalism, Media and Democracy, and its reports are publicly available at AUT online.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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SeamonWhiteside Accelerates Workforce Growth with New Summerville Office
SeamonWhiteside (SW+), a full-service site design firm throughout the Carolinas, has moved its' Summerville office to a new space in the heart of Summerville. The office, conveniently located in the downtown district at 712 N. Cedar Street, is dedicated solely to SW+ with no other shared tenants. This space allows the firm to accelerate growth within its workforce, with plans to double its number of Summerville staff in the new year.
"The Summerville team is a very tight-knit group and we are constantly working and collaborating on projects together. It was important for us to find a space conducive to these types of interactions," says Jennifer Palmer, PE, Director of the Summerville Office. "This new space also gives us the opportunity to add more culture and events for our employees, like our recent Thanksgiving potluck in the new kitchen and a ping pong table in the new garage game room."
With over 2,500 square feet, the new office space offers ample opportunity for collaboration among team members and clients, including two conference rooms, a lobby area, and four rooms for work areas. The office also brings to life the "SeamonWhiteside Way" of maintaining a healthy work-life balance with plans for a garage game room and a fenced-in outdoor workspace to welcome office pets and relaxation in the fresh air.
This latest office relocation allows for the accelerated growth SeamonWhiteside has recently experienced and is anticipating in the coming years.
The firm continues to expand its footprint in the Carolinas with five offices in Mount Pleasant, Summerville, Greenville, Spartanburg, and Charlotte, North Carolina. To learn more about potential employment opportunities at the Summerville office or any of SeamonWhiteside's offices, visit https://seamonwhiteside.com/careers/.
Related Topics:SeamonWhitesidesummerville
Traffic Alert: Nighttime Lane and Intersection Closures on Glenn McConnell Parkway
Rep. Nancy Mace on Passage of the National Defense Authorization Act


Wouldn't it be awesome if we could eat a big bowl of noodles without any guilt over the excess carbs and calories? Well, nature has you covered with the perfect noodles found in spaghetti squash. These made-in-nature noodles are high in fiber and are very low in carbs and calories. So you can serve it up with your favorite sauce and enjoy pasta night your way.
Many recipes for spaghetti squash have you cut the squash in half lengthwise. This technique causes the strands to be cut in half, shortening them. The technique shown below, which involves cutting the squash into rings, allows for the noodles to maintain their length – giving you the most authentic noodle experience. Enjoy!
Preheat the oven to 400 degrees F. Line baking sheet with parchment paper.
Cut the ends off the spaghetti squash and discard. Slice the rest of the spaghetti squash into 1-inch rings. Use a spoon to remove the seeds from the center of each ring.
Rub the coconut oil over all of the spaghetti squash flesh. Generously season each ring with salt and pepper. Place the rings on the parchment paper lined baking sheet and roast in the preheated oven for 30 minutes. Flip each of the rings and roast for another 30 minutes, or until very tender.
Once cooled use a spoon to remove the noodles. Place all of the noodles in a large bowl and season to taste with salt and pepper. Use as a base for your favorite spaghetti sauce. Enjoy!
Nutritional Analysis: One serving equals: 61 calories, 4g fat, 7g carbohydrate, 0g sugar, 17mg sodium, 3g fiber, and 1g protein.


F J Cruiser User Manual - View and Download Toyota FJ Cruiser user manual online. 2007. FJ Cruiser Automobile pdf manual download. Also for: 2007 fj cruiser.. View and Download Graco Comfy Cruiser owner's manual online. Comfy Cruiser Stroller pdf manual download. Also for: Snugride 30, Verb pd283962a, Verb pd280600d, Verb pd287057a.. Technical Sheets & Manuals: 1971 Toyota Land Cruiser Body and Chassis Repair Manual – FJ 40 & FJ55 1971-1974 F Engine Service Manual – FJ40 & FJ55 1980 2F Engine Service Manual – 40, 50, 60, 70 Series 1986 Toyota Land Cruiser Maintenance Procedures – 2F, 3B, 2H 1984-1990 Toyota Land Cruiser Body and Chassis Repair Manual.
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The town developed into an important trading port and was fortified in the 9th century.
The town's harbour, beaches, nature reserves and historically important buildings have made Christchurch a popular tourist destination attracting some 1.5 million visitors a year.
Bournemouth Airport, an international airport which handles approximately 800,000 passengers a year, is located within the borough boundary at Hurn.
The airport's industrial park contains a number of aerospace and engineering businesses and is one of the largest employment sites in Dorset.
Christchurch is a popular destination for retirees and has one of the oldest populations in the country with 30 per cent of residents aged over 65.
is a borough and town on the south coast of England.
The town adjoins Bournemouth in the west and the New Forest lies to the east.
Historically in the county of Hampshire, it became part of the administrative county of Dorset in the 1974 reorganisation of local government.
Covering an area of 19.5 square miles (51 km Founded in the 7th century at the confluence of the rivers Avon and Stour which flow into Christchurch Harbour, the town was originally named Twynham but became known as Christchurch following the construction of the priory in 1094.
Christchurch was founded in approximately 650 AD by missionaries sent to Wessex by St Birinus, the first Bishop of Dorchester (Oxfordshire).
They settled on a stretch of raised land between the rivers Avon and Stour which carried people and their wares to and from settlements such as Blandford and Old Sarum (Salisbury).
In around 890 AD, Alfred the Great considered Twynham to be of such strategic importance that, with the threat of invasion by the Danes, he made it a burh and defensive walls were erected around the town.


New Post! Riding the dunes.
New Post! Gonna go play for 5days!
New Post! Ocala National Forest ride.
New Post! Great Ride Stoney Lonesome Off-road park here in Bama!!!
New Post! A little ride thru our flooded neighborhood.
Photos of Reepers doing what they're meant to do.


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Tin Shed Wines is committed to providing quality services to you and this policy outlines our ongoing obligations to you in respect of how we manage your Personal Information.
We have adopted the Australian Privacy Principles (APPs) contained in the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth) (the Privacy Act). The APPs govern the way in which we collect, use, disclose, store, secure and dispose of your Personal Information.
A copy of the Australian Privacy Principles may be obtained from the website of The Office of the Australian Information Commissioner at www.aoic.gov.au
What is Personal Information and why do we collect it?
Personal Information is information or an opinion that identifies an individual. Examples of Personal Information we collect include: names, addresses, email addresses and phone numbers.
This Personal Information is obtained in many ways including by telephone, by email, via our website (www.inyourskin.com.au), from your website, from media and publications, from other publicly available sources, from cookies and from third parties. We don't guarantee website links or policy of authorised third parties.
We collect your Personal Information for the primary purpose of providing our services to you, providing information to our clients and marketing. We may also use your Personal Information for secondary purposes closely related to the primary purpose, in circumstances where you would reasonably expect such use or disclosure. You may unsubscribe from our mailing/marketing lists at any time by contacting us in writing.
When we collect Personal Information we will, where appropriate and where possible, explain to you why we are collecting the information and how we plan to use it.
Where reasonable and practicable to do so, we will collect your Personal Information only from you. However, in some circumstances we may be provided with information by third parties. In such a case we will take reasonable steps to ensure that you are made aware of the information provided to us by the third party.
Your Personal Information may be disclosed in a number of circumstances including the following:
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Your Personal Information is stored in a manner that reasonably protects it from misuse and loss and from unauthorised access, modification or disclosure.
When your Personal Information is no longer needed for the purpose for which it was obtained, we will take reasonable steps to destroy or permanently de-identify your Personal Information. However, most of the Personal Information is or will be stored in client files which will be kept by us for a minimum of 7 years.
You may access the Personal Information we hold about you and to update and/or correct it, subject to certain exceptions. If you wish to access your Personal Information, please contact us in writing.
In order to protect your Personal Information we may require identification from you before releasing the requested information.
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It is an important to us that your Personal Information is up to date. We will take reasonable steps to make sure that your Personal Information is accurate, complete and up to date. If you find that the information we have is not up to date or is inaccurate, please advise us as soon as practicable so we can update our records and ensure we can continue to provide quality services to you.
This Policy may change from time to time and will be updated on this page as required.
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Q: Drawing a grid using nested loops I am trying to draw a grid that looks like this:
1
12
123
1234
12345
123456
1234567
12345678
123456789
Here is my code:
public class shape {
    public static void main(String[] args){

        int number = 1, newNumber, zMax = 1;
        String numString = "1";

        for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++){

            for (int z = 0; z < zMax; z++){

                System.out.print(numString);
                number = number + 1;
                numString += Integer.toString(number);
            }
            System.out.println("");
            if (zMax <= 9)
                zMax++;
        }
    }
}

It prints out something like this:
1
12123
121231234
12123123412345
etc
It is on the right track but I can't figure out what is going wrong... please help!

A: EDIT: Miss-understood the question, corrected it.
The reason your numbers repeat is your second loop. you either need to reinitialize numstring or reuse the old one and only add the new number.
public class shape { public static void main(String[] args){

    String numString = "";

    for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++){
        numstring = numstring + i;
        System.out.println(numstring);
    }

}

A: int start = 1;
int max = 10;
for(int i = 1; i < max; i++){
  for(int j = 1; j <= i; j++){
    System.out.print(j);
  }
  System.out.println("");
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Staying in the marital home or moving elsewhere?
Posted by newlife on June 21, 2013 at 12:59pm in Open area -- discuss anything you want. Start a topic? Sure!
My house is much too big for one person and the maintenance is difficult for me, but I am so undecided if I want to sell it and, if I did, where would I go? So many folks advise to wait a year. Well, I'm 5 months into this journey and feel that I need to start looking at the possibilities. Given that my Jim's death was sudden and unexpected, I had NEVER considered anything other than staying here till we were both gone.
I'm 63 which is relatively young, but old enough to not feel that I have the energy or interest to start a whole new life. Maybe things will change as this grief process unfolds, but it is hard for me to want to think about all the changes required to sell this house and then move elsewhere. On the other hand, I just cannot bear the thought of living out the rest of my life here in the old 6 bedroom house with the original 1968 furnace. My hubby was very good at doing a bit of maintenance here and there; he knew when and who to call in to fix things before they broke it seems. My cash flow is not as good as ours was before our nest egg became an "estate" that had to be divided.
I'm wondering what others are thinking. What are the pitfallls? Did anyone have some success with staying? Or with moving?
Thanks so much to all of you out there who share so much of yourselves here. Hugs!
My husband and soulmate of 50 years built our dream home 30 years ago. We raised our three children in this house and enjoyed so many wonderful moments in this house. However, it was never our intention to stay here forever. Our next move was going to be in an assisted living facility. We had even selected the one we could afford and liked best. However, with his passing I am rethinking our plans. Right now I am staying put. I love this home. It has always been my safe haven. Now more than ever I cherish the memories we built here. Fortunately, a lot of the major repairs were done before his passing ( new roof, new garage doors, exterior and interior painting, new furnace, etc.). There is a mortgage but thankfully it is very manageable. Our adult daughter moved back home shortly after her father became ill and is still here with me. That is a comfort and an additional reason why I am in no hurry to move. I love my community and my neighbors have been so wonderful. Right now I just cant see myself living anywhere else. It is spacious but not so big that I cant handle it. However, we don't know what the future holds. If circumstances change and I have to move I don't think I will have any regrets. Take care.
My wife Lisa and I bought a house with her parents to help them out, so we own half the house each. We have been in the house for 4 years, last year both my wife and I decided to build a house to be a family again, the builders are amazing and tried to get the house down sooner so that Lisa could be in it. She let me design the interior to my liking as she already knew that she either wouldn't be in it or if she was it wouldn't have been for long.
I was able to let her know that the Slab was going to be poured, the Slab went down on the 22nd Jan 2019 and she passed on the 24th Jan 2019. Even though she has passed the builders are working hard to get the house built for my 3 kids and me, as I don't see eye to eye with her parents, the only thing getting us all through is the shared grief, my mum is over so that is helping with the weirdness of me living with Lisa's parents.
I have the attached photo I took of Lisa on one of our date days, I got this made up for her remembrance service, it is 1.3m high by 1m wide, this is going up in the new house in the hall way so every time I come home she be there to welcome me.
First, I want to say how sorry I am for your loss. I looked at the picture and it's easy to see how beautiful your wife was. I think that's a beautiful idea to have your picture in the hall way. Of course, as time goes on there are many decisions you will make and undo. Your loss is so new. I do agree generally with the suggestion that a person wait a year before making any major decisions. However, there are some decisions that just cant wait. My husband and I built our dream house and enjoyed many wonderful years there together. When he passed we were empty nesters. Friends and family wondered what I was going to do with the house. My answer was simple. I am going to stay in the home that we built together. I have pictures of he and I and our family scattered throughout the house. They give me comfort and solace. I hope that when your house is complete and you and your children move in that you too will find comfort and solace. Take care.
When Bob died 51/2 years ago, i was undecided about whether I should sell the house. We had built this house 20 years before, it is a large house in a beautiful city. I made 3 lists, one was sell the house, two was buy a condo and the third was rent an apartment. About a month later I looked at the pro and con on each list. I decided to keep the house and I am glad I did. I have many happy memories here. The last month I had 4 things that I needed to hire workmen to fix, but I got through it. I am very comfortable here. My sons live a short drive away. We all have to make decisions and it can be difficult. I found the best thing for me is to not rush into making changes. Peace to all.
Staying in the home is something I think most all of us think about. First, the advice most often given is to not make any major decisions until after at least a year has transpired. I've talked with many who moved. They just could not bare to live in the house with so many memories. Others were in such financial straits that they could not afford the home. Talking with folks later, some regretted it saying that they should have waited, while others say that it was the best thing they could have done. Nothing is written in stone. We all have to examine the pluses and minuses and in the end make our own decisions.
6 years ago, I was faced with that decision. Susan went to sleep one Sunday night and did not wake up Monday morning. The ravages of 40 years+ of diabetes caused her to have what is called a "Silent Heart Attack."
We were each brought up in small towns in Upstate NY and by the time we met we had both lived in various large towns and we each had developed a desire to live at a slower pace in a small town. I was in the navy when we met and married and we were based at large naval facilities. Eventually I retired from the navy and we came to Denver where we worked as a team. First with the La Quinta hotel chain as General Managers running our own hotel in the center of Denver, and then later with Public Storage as facility managers. Susan ran the office, and I took care of the outside and storage units. Because our job came with a 2br 1 ba apartment we could afford to have a home separate from our apartment. We drew a circle representing a drive of about an hour had a half, around Denver starting with I-25. We immediately erased the eastern half. No trees, no mountains. We found a couple of acres at 10,000 feet elevation inside south Park County, near the town of Como (pop 16). We bought the land in '92 and built in '93. From then on we used the home for a weekend getaway and vacation home. When we started talking about retiring from Public Storage, Susan came to me one day and said.."Dear, we need to talk." I was shaken. Every male learns at a very early age two things from their mothers. One, is "That look" that translates to "Choose your next words carefully." The second is the fear that some crisis is about to over take us and shatter the peace. After assuring myself that I'd done nothing wrong, and fearing that one of the boys had done something, I said , in the correct tone of voice" "Yes, Dear." She said the house was too small. She designed the addition to the home and a year later when we retired in September of 2012, we started building. We retired in September. In October we celebrated our 35th wedding anniversary. On Thanksgiving Day, we flew her out on Flight-for-Life. On December 17 2012, she passed in her sleep.
My sons thought that I was going to sell the home. My youngest even called me one day to say that he would not be coming up to visit me here any longer as it was just too painful for him. He expected to see Susan walking down the hallway when he was there. I was at first worried that with the loss of Susan's retirement that I would not be able to keep the home. A year after her death, I was able to refinance the home and freed up a chunk of money that put me in the black each month. I did not drag Susan up here to live because of my desire to live in a quiet rural area. Nor did she drag me up here to live here. We both wanted to escape the large city environment. Because we'd not lived here for years and years, and the new addition that doubled the home's size, I made the conscious decision to live here permanently. That's why I stayed in our home. My son, over the years has become able to visit, and now that he is married, he and his wife love the peace and quiet of our getaway.
That's why I did not move. I've several acres of land, and most of my neighbors are 4 legged critters, and very few two legged critters. After turning off the highway and three miles later our roads are all packed dirt/gravel for the rest of the 37 minute drive up into the "hills.
Unless the problem is insurmountable, I would advise waiting at least a year before making such a major decision.
I'm one of those who moved, though I waited two years to do it because I still had to work, and my house needed major remodeling just to get it in shape to sell. I was 58 when Steve died, and my plan was to work two years and then retire, move to the area where my sister lives, and start over. As it turned out, I was able to work from home for two additional years until burnout forced me to quit.
I'm not sorry I moved, and I never wish I'd stayed put. I felt stagnant where I used to live. I had friends, but most of them were married and as you all know, friendships change when you're widowed. And there was NO cultural life up there without going into New York City, which is a hassle and expensive. And then there were NJ property taxes... And that's on top of the fact that I simply could not bear to be on the second floor of my house, because even with paint and new flooring, and if I'd ever bought a new bed, that was where my husband had his stroke, and where he had his man-cave where he'd go to brood when he was depressed, and so on.
I moved here, lucked into some nice friends, but now I feel anxious because one friend decided to ghost me for no reason, and two more are considering moving away -- one out near the beaches, which is about 3 hours away, and one back to her hometown in the northern midwest. It IS hard to make new friends when you are over 60, and having had a relatively easy time of it at first, I'm loath to have to do it yet again. I guess life is all about change, and living in an area with two major universities, there's no lack of things to do within a 20 minute drive.
I know what you are talking about when it comes to NJ taxes. I'm in Hunterdon and fortunately was able to put the land into farm assessment. However, you still have to pay a crazy amount just for the house. Janet and I were able to talk about what I should do and the one thing she said was "Don't sell the house". There is a small family cemetery on the property, Janet, my parents and our 22yo nephew (who was diagnosis with PC a week after Janet) are there. I'll be joining them at some point.
In the meantime another nephew, his wife and two children moved in. I don't charge them anything but they do help out quite a bit around the place which makes things easier.
All works out for the good since bagels and Italian food are close by.
My NJ house now is taxed at $8200/year, which is low for Bergen County, but it was assessed before I did all the remodeling. When they do another revaluation, the current owner is going to get clobbered. Here, my taxes are about $3400/year, which is actually high for my area but I am considered to be "city of Durham" (NC) so I pay city as well as county taxes. We do have a 2% tax on groceries, which is regressive, and a 7% sales tax on everything else. And we pay a property tax on automobiles, which for my 4-year-old car is about $180/year.
The bagel drought is real. They have things they call bagels here, but they aren't my idea of bagels. On the other hand, we have delicious biscuits, and if you make me choose between biscuit and bagel, I'll take biscuit every time. :-) There is a reasonably decent red sauce Italian place very close to my house run by two brothers from NY, and an excellent one in Raleigh run by a family from Brooklyn.
What we do not have here is a "New York Style Deli." Of course those places are few and far between up north now too. Rumor has it that Publix has Gabila knishes, but I have yet to find them so that may be an urban legend. We have decent pastrami at what passes for a deli/sandwich shop in Carrboro, but the rye bread here is suspect.
I did get to see "Book of Mormon" here without having to pay a scalper. We sat in the last row of the balcony for 30 bucks and were home in 20 minutes. Parking was $7.00.
Still living in the house after seven-and-a-half years--and even paid off the mortgage. Sometimes it's a hassle, but I have plenty more space for what I'm paying in local property taxes.
I'm turning 62 in a few weeks and have decided to consider moving once I retire in a few years.
I moved after 3 years after Ed died. I moved to the community where I worked (only 9 miles away so not a huge move!). I began to feel really isolated in the house - at least 2 neighbors were no longer responsive. Dealing with house and grounds maintenance was just overwhelming for me.
Now I really feel I have a home here. I am retiring in June and intend to stick around for a bit to enjoy the many activities the area offers as well as doing things with my friends who all seem to be retired already! Including one sister.
I live in a townhouse and my neighbor takes care of all the house and grounds maintenance. (I pay him) I am so lucky.
However I have one more move in my life - to return to Maine where my siblings live. But that won't be for a few years.
I do think it important not to make any big decisions in at least that first year. I think waiting 3 years was perfect for me. And it really worked out.
We downsized in 2013 from 3000 sf to 1700sf and built a new house., I am now 74 and quite capable of taking care of myself. DH passed away in 2015. I'm still in the house, have great neighbors (many widows), HOA takes care of the lawns and shrubs, so that part is good.
However, a 5 year old house should NOT require a complete dormer rebuild and part of the roof replaced to the tune of $9K. I don't have enough fingers to count the number of times I've had repairmen here, and frankly I've had about enough.
My house is paid for, as is my new car. I don't pay real estate taxes due to the level of VA disability, neither do I pay personal property taxes for the same reason. So financially all is good.
Even after 3 years I'm debating if I should stay in the house or find a nice apartment. There is a beautiful new place in Fayetteville, AR that is independent living, I can swing the cost of living there, but not sure it's the right thing to do. Even though I'd love to have the money out of this house and be able to stop with the repair costs, but since I can't make a decision, here I sit.
DH and I were married 51 years and frequently I hear this little voice telling me what to do. The last time was when the stone mason who did the restoration of the dormer stone, was giving me his prices. I just knew DH was telling me "don't poor boy this, you know how you are".
At least the dormer and roof of 5 year old house doesn't leak anymore.


text:
Spokane, Washington Est. May 19, 1883 35° Clear
Spokane City Council members look outside borders for tax revenue
UPDATED: Sat., Dec. 5, 2020
By Adam Shanks adams@spokesman.com(509) 459-5136
Wary of taxing city residents during an economic calamity, Spokane City Council members are lobbying for a different way to fund affordable housing projects: taxing Spokane County residents.
It's a plan county leaders warn could put the fragile relationships between local governments in jeopardy.
On Monday, the City Council adopted a 1/10th of 1% sales tax to support affordable housing projects in the city.
But in a late compromise, council members agreed to begin collecting the tax only if an alternative revenue source can't be identified. The deal was championed by Councilwoman Candace Mumm, the Finance Committee chair, as a way to assure city residents the council had explored every possible revenue source before hitting them with a new tax.
What council members didn't disclose at the meeting was that the alternative source for affordable housing funding may be to levy a utility tax on residents of unincorporated Spokane County, Spokane Valley, Millwood and some in Liberty Lake.
Some council members are considering implementing a 20% utility tax on Spokane County's Regional Water Reclamation Facility, which is located in the city of Spokane. They've privately lobbied Mayor Nadine Woodward get on board with the plan, but to this point she has not committed to it.
The utility tax would be authorized under a controversial law passed by the council in 2009 that allows the city to effectively tax county residents, though it has never been levied on the county's treatment facility.
"That's politically charged, as you might imagine," Spokane City Council President Breean Beggs said.
That may be an understatement.
"That would be the end of any kind of regional partnership that we might be pursuing," Spokane County Commissioner Al French said in an interview. "There are a lot of things that we are doing collectively together that benefit the city."
When county and Spokane Valley leaders learned of the proposed utility tax, they sent a firm letter to the City Council and Spokane Mayor Nadine Woodward in October that alluded to potential legal action.
If the city attempts to impose a utility tax on outside residents, the county could make things difficult for the city as they explore joint efforts including emergency dispatch, homeless services and economic development.
The revenue the city would pull in with a new utility tax "pales in comparison" to the dollars at stake in regional partnerships with the county, French warned.
Paying the piper?
Every city resident pays the city a utility tax on the collection and treatment of their water at the city's reclamation facility, Beggs noted.
Residents of Spokane Valley and Spokane County have their water treated at a county-owned facility located in the city, but don't pay the same tax on it, Beggs noted.
"They decided to build their plant in the city limits," Beggs said "That's part of the cost of doing utilities (in Spokane)."
The City Council's attorney is confident that it is on solid legal footing to begin collecting the tax, according to Councilwoman Lori Kinnear. She said it should have been collected "years ago."
"I don't feel particularly guilty about now saying, hey, time to pay the piper," Kinnear said.
Still, she said the tax should be imposed in a way that is "mutually agreeable" with the county.
"I'm proposing not to do it without working with the county," Kinnear said.
Beggs does not want to swap the utility tax with the proposed sales tax to fund affordable housing. He wants to levy both.
With utility tax revenue, Beggs envisioned funding efforts the entire region could get behind, like building homeless shelters, reforming the criminal justice system, and embarking on transportation projects like the reconstruction of Havana Street on the border between Spokane and Spokane Valley.
"That would be my approach, to sit down and say let's make this a win-win," Beggs said.
The utility tax will certainly be met with pushback from leaders in Spokane County and Spokane Valley, and Woodward is well aware of their concerns.
"She's not supportive just unilaterally levying a utility tax largely on our partners," said Brian Coddington, a city spokesman. "Whatever is done has to be done collaboratively. The mayor has worked really hard to build and grow those relationships with these partners."
Councilwoman Karen Stratton is also worried the move would be politically fraught. She was particularly concerned that the compromise reached on Monday came as a shock to officials elsewhere in the county.
"There's a lot at stake. The mayor's been talking a lot about working together regionally, and I admire that; I think that should be a goal. I understand that (the utility tax) could really destroy some relationships, and I don't want to work that way; I'd rather move forward and be open," Stratton said.
The compromise
It was unclear that the proposed sales tax was in any jeopardy until Monday.
After the city clerk reminded Beggs the measure needed a supermajority of votes to pass, the council scrambled to hash out a last-minute compromise on the new sales tax just hours before it came to vote on Monday evening, according to Beggs.
Under an amendment to the charter passed in 2013, any new tax imposed by the council without the input of Spokane voters requires the approval of a supermajority, or five members.
"I knew the vote count, what I didn't know was that provision in the (city) charter … I should know the rules, but nobody on council or any of our staff, nobody remembered that rule," Beggs told The Spokesman-Review. "So that was the surprise – the rule."
The hasty dealmaking was lambasted by some council members and several people during public testimony, who tuned in to the meeting prepared to comment on a proposal that was radically altered before they were ever allowed to speak.
But at least three council members were wary of imposing a new, regressive tax in the midst of the pandemic-induced economic crisis.
That left Beggs with insufficient votes to shepherd the levy to passage.
There weren't enough votes to pass the proposal, but there weren't enough to kill or delay it, either, according to Kinnear. That would have required at least one council member who supports the sales tax to endorse delaying it.
Knowing that Mumm had already been asking Woodward to find an alternative to fund affordable housing, Beggs looked to her and Kinnear for a quick resolution that would earn their support.
Out of public view and as the 6 p.m. legislative session approached, council members drafted a compromise: The tax would be delayed by three months and imposed only if the city fails to find an alternative source of revenue, estimated at $5.8 million annually.
Woodward is concerned about imposing the sales tax, particularly given that the economy was battered in 2020. Meanwhile, property taxes will increase by 1% and utility rates by 2.9% in 2021, creating a "cumulative effect," Coddington argued. Locating an alternative revenue source during the three-month delay will be challenging, Coddington said.
With its action on Monday, the council struggled to pass a tax that it had strongly lobbied the state Legislature to allow for two years in a row.
State Rep. Marcus Riccelli was one of the legislators the council who worked earlier this year to pass the bill which authorized local governments to impose the tax.
He knew prior to Monday's vote that some council members had concerns.
"The city of Spokane, in their legislative agenda, came to us as legislators and said this is a top priority, so I was a little bit frustrated when I heard it might not go forward," Riccelli said. "I communicated with council members that, yes, there might be additional communication (to the public) that is needed, but this is an important tool that you asked for."
The funding for affordable housing would be a "game changer" for years to come, Riccelli argued, and worth imposing even in a dark economic climate.
"The goal is to reverse the trend of housing disinvestment and prioritize the working poor and our aging populations," Riccelli said. "There's a lot of people struggling, but I think when it comes to housing we're woefully inadequate."
State Senate passes resolution extending COVID-19 emergency orders in first debate of many on virus restrictions
Woman killed, 100K without power in aftermath of brutal windstorm
'I have to vote my conscience': Rep. Dan Newhouse opens up about his decision to support impeachment
Ferry County agrees to pay $165,000 to woman in sidewalk chalk First Amendment case
How better financial habits became an unexpected benefit of 2020
Plenty of us will be happy to see 2020 in our rear-view window come Jan. 1.


Are you looking for training and support that will help you get the job you want?
We have a huge range of programmes designed to help everyone - even the most vulnerable individuals who need extra support and mentoring.
We're committed to working with you to build your confidence and widen your skillset so you become 'job ready' and improve your chances of gaining the job you want.
If you'd like to know more and start on the journey back to work, enquire online using the form below or call our helpline on 0151 233 3026.
One of our team get in touch within seven working days to discuss your needs, give you advice and guidance and then set up training or a work placement that will give you the skills and experience you most need.
We can give you help with your CV, maths or English skills or careers advice delivered by our adult learning or careers service.
We may also set up a meeting with one of our Liverpool in Work advisers who can help you match with an employer. There's also support for parents of children aged nought to five years old in the city's children centres.
We work with small and larger businesses by helping them recruit staff who have been through the Liverpool Ways to Work programme and are job ready. Enquire online using the form below or call our helpline on 0151 233 3026.
Liverpool ALS and Ways to Work offer a weekly Job Club at the centres and times above for learners seeking support with IAG, job search and employment guidance.
We also offer general ICT support – be smarter on the web, winning CV and letter of application, improving your ICT skills or tips and hints to improve your employability.
Accredited qualifications can also be taken and learners do not need to be in receipt of a benefit to attend.
Liverpool Ways to Work is part-funded by the European Social Fund and the Youth Employment Initiative as part of the 2014-2020 European Structural and Investment Funds Growth Programme in England.


Are you ignoring these warnings your body is giving you?
Medicine has developed fantastically in recent years, finding new drugs that help with the control of various diseases that once haunted, and even killed.
But despite medical advancement, prevention is key to maintaining our health and fighting diseases early.
Good use of medicine is another important factor. Misuse of it can also cause harmful symptoms.
Cancer, a disease that scares many people, has a greater chance of cure when treated early. It stops being so scary when we periodically take preventive tests.
We must carefully watch every day, as different symptoms may indicate that something is not quite right, and there is need for medical help.
Because cancer can attack various parts of the body, it is crucial to pay attention to our bodies. Below are 10 cancer warning signs.
Though losing weight is the dream of many women, without dieting it can be the indicator of a disease. Look out for sudden weight gain as well.
Joint pain is one of the symptoms of bone cancer, whether it is frequent or not. Getting headaches does not mean you have a brain tumor, but it's always nice to closely evaluate them. Many ovarian cancers are diagnosed after persistent abdominal pain. And lung cancer can be spotted from chest pains.
Being overly tired for no apparent reason can be a sign of the blood cancer Leukemia. Being aware of changes like this in your body can save your life.
When jaundice, the yellowing of skin most commonly seen in babies, appears in adults, it may be a sign of liver problems, including cancer.
It is never a bad idea to have freckles and moles checked periodically. Also, all new dark spots on the skin should be examined. Skin cancer can be detected precisely from these spots.
Pain in the eye, a symptom of eye cancer, can easily be mistaken as a result of being tired. If pain persists, consult a doctor immediately.
Discharges of different color and odor should also be investigated. Vaginal bleeding outside the menstrual period may indicate cervical cancer. Check in with your gynecologist at least once a year.
Hoarseness can be started by the swelling of the vocal cords caused by a more serious problem, and could be a cancer indicator.
A diseased intestine can cause bowel changes.
Do not be terrified every time you notice any symptoms, such as those mentioned above. Remember that many of these things are also common symptoms of other illnesses and things we encounter on a daily basis. However, if any of these symptoms persists longer than normal, it is always smart to check it out. It could save your life.


A hydrometer is a tool that of which is used to measure how much fermentation has occurred in a bottle of beer or wine. This does not actually measure how much alcohol is present in the brew, but it can be used to estimate the level by taking a reading both before and after fermentation. The hydrometer measures the density of the liquid. It is an accurate tool, though the accuracy of the alcohol level will only be as accurate as the calculations of he who estimates it.
A hydrometer is only one way that can determine the level of alcohol present in brew. However, several other scientific apparatuses exist to do the same thing, though it is far more costly than a hydrometer. Knowing how to use the hydrometer clearly helps in measuring the alcohol level in brew. It is certainly not the tastiest way to tell, though! Knowing how to use a hydrometer as well as practicing sampling to gain experience will be a good way to enhance future measurements.
When getting a new hydrometer, it is necessary to first test it. In order to test a hydrometer, get a jar and fill it with enough water so that the instrument will float. Spin it so that it will dislodge any bubbles that are present in the water – bubbles might cause the reading in the end to be inaccurate, or too high. The hydrometer reads as 1.000 at 68 degrees Fahrenheit on the specific gravity scale when reading accurately. Whenever measuring brew, the specific gravity should always be at 68 degrees Fahrenheit. Make sure to read the number that is on the paper where the brew crosses the hydrometer's stem.
Three scales are present on the hydrometer, though a home brewer should only be concerned with two of them: the Potential Alcohol and the Specific Gravity. Knowing the purposes for these scales are essential in learning how to use this instrument. The former of these scales are used in order to read how much alcohol could possibly stand to be brewed in the batch. The latter is used in order to compare the density of the brew with the density of the water.
The first measurement should be done by way of putting the instrument into the test jar with enough room temperature wort such that hydrometer floats. Make sure to take note of the measurements in the home brew journal.
Whenever it appears that fermentation is complete, make sure to repeat this process and take a second reading of the remaining potential alcohol. Subtract this number from the number initially taken, one can easily determine the level of alcohol that is present in the brew. The second reading will, in essence, read how much unfermented sugars, in combination with other unfermentables, remain within the brew. This, in turn, determines how much of the ingredients wound up as starches and dextrins, or it will determine that the beer requires a longer time to ferment.
At this point, as well as several other points throughout the process of brewing, it is perhaps imperative to taste the wort. Knowing the malt flavors, the sweetness and how it develops throughout the process, it will help towards developing a sensory knowledge in regards to brewcraft. This sensory knowledge, used in conjunction with the knowledge of using a hydrometer, will overall enhance one's ability to both smell and taste the qualities of produced beer.
A hydrometer can also be used to determine whether or not fermentation has completed. In order to do this, readings should be taken two days apart from one another, the results compared. In the event that the results read the same as each other, then the fermentation is completed. However, if there are any changes in the readings, the beer was still in the process of fermenting.


text:
#ifndef EGGTRANSFORM_H
#define EGGTRANSFORM_H

#include "pandabase.h"
#include "luse.h"
#include "eggObject.h"

/**
 * This represents the <Transform> entry of a group or texture node: a list of
 * component transform operations, applied in order, that describe a net
 * transform matrix.
 *
 * This may be either a 3-d transform, and therefore described by a 4x4
 * matrix, or a 2-d transform, described by a 3x3 matrix.
 */
class EXPCL_PANDA_EGG EggTransform {
PUBLISHED:
  EggTransform();
  EggTransform(const EggTransform &copy);
  EggTransform &operator = (const EggTransform &copy);
  virtual ~EggTransform();

  INLINE void clear_transform();

  void add_translate2d(const LVector2d &translate);
  void add_translate3d(const LVector3d &translate);
  void add_rotate2d(double angle);
  void add_rotx(double angle);
  void add_roty(double angle);
  void add_rotz(double angle);
  void add_rotate3d(double angle, const LVector3d &axis);
  void add_rotate3d(const LQuaterniond &quat);
  void add_scale2d(const LVecBase2d &scale);
  void add_scale3d(const LVecBase3d &scale);
  void add_uniform_scale(double scale);
  INLINE void add_matrix3(const LMatrix3d &mat);
  INLINE void add_matrix4(const LMatrix4d &mat);

  INLINE bool has_transform() const;
  INLINE bool has_transform2d() const;
  INLINE void set_transform2d(const LMatrix3d &mat);
  INLINE bool has_transform3d() const;
  INLINE void set_transform3d(const LMatrix4d &mat);
  INLINE LMatrix3d get_transform2d() const;
  INLINE const LMatrix4d &get_transform3d() const;
  INLINE bool transform_is_identity() const;

  enum ComponentType {
    CT_invalid,
    CT_translate2d,
    CT_translate3d,
    CT_rotate2d,
    CT_rotx,
    CT_roty,
    CT_rotz,
    CT_rotate3d,
    CT_scale2d,
    CT_scale3d,
    CT_uniform_scale,
    CT_matrix3,
    CT_matrix4
  };

  INLINE int get_num_components() const;
  INLINE ComponentType get_component_type(int n) const;
  INLINE double get_component_number(int n) const;
  INLINE const LVecBase2d &get_component_vec2(int n) const;
  INLINE const LVecBase3d &get_component_vec3(int n) const;
  INLINE const LMatrix3d &get_component_mat3(int n) const;
  INLINE const LMatrix4d &get_component_mat4(int n) const;

  void write(std::ostream &out, int indent_level,
             const std::string &label) const;

protected:
  void internal_clear_transform();
  void internal_add_matrix(const LMatrix3d &mat);
  void internal_add_matrix(const LMatrix4d &mat);
  INLINE void internal_set_transform(const LMatrix3d &mat);
  INLINE void internal_set_transform(const LMatrix4d &mat);

  virtual void transform_changed();

private:
  class Component {
  public:
    INLINE Component(ComponentType type, double number = 0.0);
    INLINE Component(const Component &copy);
    INLINE void operator = (const Component &copy);
    INLINE ~Component();

    ComponentType _type;
    double _number;
    LVecBase2d *_vec2;
    LVecBase3d *_vec3;
    LMatrix3d *_mat3;
    LMatrix4d *_mat4;
  };

  bool _is_transform_2d;
  typedef pvector<Component> Components;
  Components _components;
  LMatrix4d _transform;
};

#include "eggTransform.I"

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The WPF regularly hosts closed-door research seminars that bring together leading experts from around the world to share their research and engage in focused discussion with a small group of colleagues. The WPF seminar structure is intentionally different from academic conferences. Whereas most conferences are designed to communicate established research through presentation and some questions and answers, we aim to enable extended conversations amongst experts with the goal of generating new avenues of insight and query. We therefore structure the seminars over two days, invite a small number of expert participants, and allow for shorter formal presentations and longer periods of discussion. Additionally, presentations and proceedings of WPF seminars adhere to the Chatham House rule of non-attribution.
To help bring the core discussions, debates and themes to a wider audience, we encourage all participants to consider allowing us to publish their presentation memos or seminar reflections which can be found on our blog, Reinventing Peace. We also make available summaries of the key insights provoked by the seminar discussions in short briefing notes for most of our seminars, listed below.
Today's globalized and securitized world is defined by instability,uncertainty, and turbulence. As the international community grapples with new threats, emanating from the transnational to the very local, scholars and policymakers continue to promote democratic institution building – guided by ideas of accountability, transparency, and institutional stability as solutions. And yet, the liberal state building project cannot explain why, nonetheless, disorder remains pervasive. To understand current trends in international and domestic relations, it is necessary to account for order and disorder.
For international humanitarian actors, the protection of civilians is too often seen as something done to passive recipients, rather than activities undertaken to reinforce the priorities of and engage with these populations as key actors in their own futures. Furthermore, there is very little scholarship that pays serious attention to the priorities and goals of people in crisis situations. Overlooked are the questions of how those at risk identify the most acute threats; how they seek to protect themselves from these risks; and the balance of which strategies and coping mechanisms produce outcomes that are beneficial, detrimental or a combination thereof. This in effect often means that there is little appreciation of affected people's priorities and goals in situations of crises. Thus, a critical issue is whether humanitarian action, including protection practices in particular, addresses the reality of people's primary concerns and experiences and, by extension, strengthens rather than undermines effective civilian self-protection initiatives.
From Rio de Janeiro to New Delhi, men perpetrate the majority of violent acts around the world. Yet the overwhelming majority of men are not violent, and even among those in high risk contexts, many actively resist violent mobilization. Masculinity represents a critical and under-examined factor for understanding pathways to participation and non-participation in violent activity. How do norms related to masculinities shape men's involvement in violence? How do we build on drivers of non-violence and inclusion that already exist in individual men and broader communities? And what are the implications for policy and program development?
The seminar, 'corruption, protest and militancy' brought together twenty specialists academics and practitioners—all of whom had been concerned with issues of corruption, especially as it relates to conflict, popular protest and the emergence of militant political movements, for two days of discussion on a series of case studies and related cross-‐cutting issues. The seminar was an opportunity for a confidential and in‐depth reflection on these issues, in the wake of Sarah Chayes's seminal book Thieves of State, published earlier this year, and the ongoing work of the Justice and Security Research Programme into the contending logics of the 'political marketplace' and 'moral populism' in Africa.
Recent analyses of water and security have focused on the question of how water stresses could lead to conflicts between and within states. Water is a finite, scarce resource, essential to human life and well-being. With population growth, expanding economies, groundwater depletion and climate change, and the need to protect water ecologies, water is under stress—and it is feared, conflict may follow. The solution to this threat is envisaged as sub-national, national and international cooperation in the form of treaties and agreements for more equitable and efficient water management. An international group of experts on water and security assembled for a seminar at the World Peace Foundation—and found that what they held in common was a perspective that went beyond the binary of conflict versus cooperation.
This seminar arose from the World Peace Foundation project of compiling an archive of documents relating to the peace processes in Sudan and South Sudan. The main objective of the seminar was to introduce the archive to scholars working on Sudan and South Sudan and on African peace processes. A second objective was to examine the challenges of researching Sudan, South Sudan, with particular reference to their peace processes, and to extend the analysis to research into African peace processes more generally.
The seminar aimed to bring together academics and practitioners working on the politics and policy of security sector governance (SSG) and reform (SSR). The use of the "governance" was intended to take the security sector conversation beyond "reform", which has become a field principally focused on how western donors apply policy tools to countries that they identify as in a post-conflict transition. Instead, we shift our focus to the politics of the security sector.
Existing models for peace-making, state-building and stabilization, which assume that "fragile states" can move, under international tutelage and sponsorship, towards capable and legitimate states, are wrong. Peace agreements that consist primarily in allocating rents to belligerents only reinforce the logic of a rent-based political marketplace. Indeed, international efforts to achieve stabilization and state-building by channeling effort and resources through governments are more often counterproductive than not.
This seminar approached the crisis in Somalia not through the lens of immediate problems and policy prescriptions, but from a starting point concerned with political economy and historic patterns of violence, the societal impacts and accounts of violence, and comparative analysis of changing frameworks of governance and conflict associated with the end of the Cold War and the growth of global governance. By taking history, literature and political theory seriously, and seeing Somalia as an exemplar of wider patterns in the contestation over governmental power and resources, the seminar generated important insights into the country's current predicament.
This seminar on mass atrocities in Iraq was a significant departure from the recent series of programs and reports marking ten years of direct U.S. military engagement in Iraq. Placing violence within the country's longer modern history, it explored the level, patterns, origins and endings of episodes of mass violence, especially mass atrocity against civilians.
deepening concern among humanitarians, human rights organizations and conflict resolution specialists over a series of campaigns in Africa and elsewhere.
Over recent decades, the intensity and incidence of war—and indeed the very nature of organized violence—have been changing. On the basis that Mary Kaldor's New and Old War (first published in 1999) provided a seminal explication of these transformations, this seminar used the opportunity of the third edition of her book (2012) to explore important aspects of contemporary conflicts from a security perspective.
relationship with sub-Saharan Africa during and after the conflict. Convening area experts for a combination of public and closed-door discussions over two days, the World Peace Foundation aimed to reverse this neglect.


text:
BMWBLOG Exclusive: Driving the New TwinPower Turbocharged Four Cylinder
Home » Interesting » Featured Posts » BMWBLOG Exclusive: Driving the New TwinPower Turbocharged Four Cylinder
Hugo Becker
Munich, Germany – At one point during Innovation Day, BMW turned the gathered journalists loose to sample the qualities of the new 2.0 L four in an X1 on local roads and nearby stretches of the Autobahn. The 2.0L four will do duty as the '28i' in a number of BMWs and replaces the venerable N52B30.
First, a little praise for the late N52B30. It was an good engine, developed to be naturally aspirated and light. Very light. The cylinder cores are cast aluminum while the surrounding casting is of a magnesium alloy. It was brilliant engineering. It will be retired soon.
Its replacement has to provide equivalent or better performance, refinement, and smoothness with two fewer cylinders. And an inline four, right out of the box, is not going to be as smooth as an inline six. But, BMW has pulled it off. Balance shafts are a must on four cylinders with volumes significantly larger than 2.0 L, but most 2.0 L fours don't use them, they aren't that necessary. But BMW uses a pair of balance shafts on its new four. And that significantly reduces what NVH the 2.0 L four had to begin with.
It's smooth, and while it doesn't reach the same peak horsepower of the old inline six, it has more torque (and a much flatter torque curve) and it has more horsepower under 6000 RPM than the six. Where the N52B30 outdoes the new four is in that last 1000 RPM of the engines rev range, 6000 – 7000 RPM. And engines on street cars don't really spend that much time in the upper rev range.
The X1 28i we were unleashed on was equipped with a six speed manual and auto stop/start (which I found a bit difficult to get used to – after forty years of driving manual transmissions, this was the first time,
since I owned a Fiat, that the engine died when I took it out of gear at a stop).
The driving showed that BMW has hit its marks with this engine. It has immediate thrust, it is silky smooth at idle, and has a pleasant aural profile, sporty but not overly aggressive. Compared to the six, the four may prove to be more tractable in everyday traffic thanks to the fat, flat torque curve.
When you look at the numbers, yes the new four has less peak horsepower than the six, but everywhere else it trumps the six. It has more torque (and much more torque earlier in the rev band), it gets better fuel economy (16% better), and is quicker to 100 km/h from a standstill (6.1 seconds versus the six's 6.8 seconds).
Quite impressive and it bodes well for the other members of the engine family.
Up next, a look at the new 3.0 L diesel. Stay tuned . . .
BMW X1 xDrive28i test drive
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By Marc Rutten Date: December 29, 2021
26 responses to "BMWBLOG Exclusive: Driving the New TwinPower Turbocharged Four Cylinder"
Giom says:
I knew this would be a special little engine. How much lighter is it than the 6? Thanks!
Hugo Becker says:
I doubt that it's much lighter than the N52B30 for a couple of reasons. First the construction of the N52 engine block used a lot of magnesium alloy and it is light in comparison to aluminum. That was possible because the N52 was not designed to use forced induction. The 'N20' is a forced induction engine and uses a heavier aluminum engine block. Plus you have all the additional plumbing, intercooler and associated bits that make up the turbocharger assembly.
It may, however, have less weight in front of the centerline of the axle, which will be good for handling. Look for the next 128i Coupe to be a real gem, especially if they do a full up sports suspension on it. We have no advanced information on that, but I can imagine some engineers are thinking 2002 Tii.
Very interesting! I had no idea that you would need a stronger material for forced induction. I have been underestimating the force associated with high compression ratio engins (no Star Wars pun intended:). It puts it all into perspective a little more.
Thanks for the good explanation!
La Ma says:
it's not the compression ratio that makes the Turbo needing stronger block. The ratio is just that a ratio between the combustion chamber size and total area.
The forced induction – turbo or supercharged – puts higher pressure on the pistons and causes them to actually wobble in the block. That force needs stronger side walls. Many times its achieved by thicker side walls, Ford has a current 3.7l V6 engine making around 290HP. They also have a Turbo version but for safety reason they decreased the bore – leaving thicker side walls for the turbo. Size become 3.5L and HP went to 355. This is a very conservative Turbo application. Soon the Mustang will feature the same engine (heard some rumors) and with a 390HP version. 3.5L V6 Turbo.
BMW's own 3.0l turbo at 300HP is also not over-boosted at all. They used a relatively small turbo to reduce lag (not completely eliminated) and tuners were able to get 15-20% out of those easy. The N55 TT engine was seeing 400+ HP with Dinan's magic !
I suspect the new M3 with the N55 or will it be called S55 ? Twin turbo and size might or may not grow, but I'd bet it will be a 3.2-3.3l TT and HP will be around 425HP It will have to be larger then the N55 as the HP ratings must be higher then the 4.0l V8 it will replace. But again, the sidewall thickness – they need to be sure that there is enough thickness to go with the larger bore. The stroke is usually not enlarged on Turbo engines, but who knows that the //M guys will cook up.
I know it will be powerful but I know it will have the same issues as all current BMW Turbo engines – high pressure fuel pump issues. They fail fast and in a large numbers. 5 out of 6 guys with a 335i experienced it some more then once already !
Very insightfull… thanks!
Nnnn says:
La Ma, that's very interesting about the wobble, although I'm not sure I understand it. It seems to me that any increase of pressure (compression ratio, forced induction, etc) will result in a proportional increase of wobblin' force.
What I'm not sure of is whether this is from the lateral force applied from the connecting rod to the cylinder wall, or the torque applied to the piston because the rod is pushing its lowest point (wrist joint) sideways. Or both, depending on how far down the contact area reaches of the piston against the wall, relative to the wrist joint (and extending that might help both problems).
The wobble is only around TDC at the end of the exhaust and beginning of intake stroke. BMW provides a very slight wrist pin offset (gudgeon pin for the 'English' speakers in the group ;-) to counter this. Think of the piston as pretty much 'loose' in the cylinder bore, it uses the flexible piston rings to hold it in place. On throttleless engines (diesels) you'll get clattter at TDC on the intake stroke, and to an extent you'll get that also with the Valvetronic equipped gas engines. But on the power stroke, the piston/connectiong rod 'finds a set' quickly and doesn't really contribute that much to clatter.
In a forced induction engine cylinder pressures are significantly higher than non-forced induction engines. Basically they take in more air and fuel than a similarly sized NA engine. The cylinder head forces on a 2.0L FI engine are significantly greater than a 2.0L NA engine. And it's one of the reasons that the HPFP is so 'high pressure', it has to be able to force fuel into a heavily compressed charge of air.
Oh ok… I thought it was at 90 degrees. So both my theories are wrong. But, I don't understand in what direction the piston is wobbling and what force is causing it, and what that wrist offset you mention is compensating for.
Is it that the engine is wobbling against the piston?
No at top dead center (TDC) in a throttle-less engine (a diesel) and to a lesser extent an engine with variable valve lift (which doesn't rely on a throttle for most of its operating range) the piston is coming to a halt (it's at the end of it's travel in the cylinder) and has a tendency to produce clatter. At idle (basically at low RPM and light loads), a piston with a centered wrist pin can 'hunt' (wobble) between the sides of the cylinder wall (remember the piston isn't a tight fit in the cylinder wall) as it reaches and then travels through top dead center.
Putting an offset in the wrist pin 'pre-loads' the piston to one side of the cylinder. Remember a piston is fixed in place by the connecting rod – it does not rotate in the cylinder (it it did you'd be in a world of hurt ;-).
I didn't mean that the piston rotated in the cylinder per se, but that the angle within the cylinder could change, which I guess is the wobble you're describing. Tendency… from what, really? Considering that none of the major forces described would produce an off-center pressure to the piston (in the chamber or via the rod/crank), and the motion of the piston is inherently linear, and presuming zero resistance at the wrist, and presuming no motion of the engine block — I just don't understand what would cause any wobble. Or, why it would be any more at 0 deg than 90, considering the wiggle-ability offered by the piston rings and gap at any point in its travel.
very good news
Great piece Hugo. I'm excited to sample this engine when it makes its way into the 1 and 3 series. Do you know the engine weight? How does it compare the the NA it replaces?
Manny Antunes says:
Great article Hugo. We're all excited to start rolling out product with the new T4.
Sajan says:
Yeah you're right Hugo, i'm glad you picked up on the shortness of the engine there. I own a four pot three series and the front of the engine is just behind the front axle. The fact that it is a shorter engine is a huge benefit to the weight distribution.


In a pivotal vote Friday, the California Senate approved $4.5 billion in bonds to begin construction of CA High-Speed Rail (CAHSR) connecting San Francisco and Los Angeles. The funds will help fund construction of the line's initial segment in the Central Valley and upgrades for the Caltrain and Metrolink commuter rail lines in the Bay Area and Los Angeles, respectively.
The vote, which reached a majority by just one senator, came as a major relief to high-speed rail advocates. The project, which has been increasingly scrutinized since voters approved over $9 billion in bonds for it in 2008, could have been scrapped without the approval. Had the vote failed, California could have lost another $3.2 billion in matching federal funds.
"Building high-speed rail in California could reinforce cities as the hubs of our economies, significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, get commuters off congested roads, and cost much less than highway and airport expansion," said Stuart Cohen, executive director of TransForm, which lobbies for smart growth and sustainable transportation in California.
"It will provide Californians with an improved transportation option that has for decades been available in other nations," added Cohen, who noted that the vote comes exactly 150 years after the Transcontinental Railroad was authorized. Although high-speed rail is popular — and expanding — in other countries in Asia and Western Europe, CAHSR would be the first such system in the United States.
The previous plan from the CAHSR Authority lacked support even from TransForm, but the group praised the revised plan released in April, which reduced the project's cost from about $100 billion to $68 billion, reduced the impacts on communities which it would run through, and provided funding to upgrade Caltrain and Metrolink tracks, which would be shared with CAHSR. "This new plan is simply much better," said Cohen after it was released.
In San Francisco, funds approved in the Senate bill would help electrify the Caltrain tracks by 2019 and extend them to the Transbay Transit Center currently under construction. Friday's vote was widely praised by SF officials.
The approved Senate bill "provides not only the beginning of the nation's first high-speed rail line that will connect its diverse and growing communities, but also the local connections that will deliver the economic growth from high-speed rail into our towns and cities in the form of travelers be they commuters, tourists or students," said a joint statement from SF Municipal Transportation Agency Director Ed Reiskin and Chairman Tom Nolan.
Some of the bill's $1.9 billion set aside for local and regional rail projects will also go toward the controversial Central Subway project, which Reiskin and Nolan lauded in their statement, saying that the two projects will connect at Caltrain's Fourth and King Station. Critics of the Central Subway have questioned the use of HSR funds, as it's possible HSR won't stop at Fourth and King.
Unclear is where the rest of the funding to construct and maintain CAHSR will come from. As part of the solution, a TransForm report [PDF] recommends that the CA legislature prioritize early funds from the state's nascent cap-and-trade program for bicycle, pedestrian, and transit improvements around the stations planned in Central Valley cities as well as the Caltrain and Metrolink upgrades. TransForm also recommends encouraging transit-oriented development around those stations, which could provide revenue to fund "high-quality station designs" and public infrastructure improvements.
Construction on high-speed rail could be begin as early as next year, and the plan sets the completion date in 2028.


text:
Climate protest draws hundreds on warm November day
Newspaper, Online/New Media by rochekelly November 16, 2013 November 24, 2013
Nearly 200 people rallied outside of the Prime Minister's Office — on an unusually balmy fall afternoon — to defend our climate and oppose the Energy East pipeline project.
"We're just here to stop that, because we believe that it's not a viable project. It's something that will definitely put our communities, and our waterways, and our ecosystems in danger," said south-end resident Sara Adams, 17.
The protest began at the Centennial Flame on Parliament Hill then moved to the corner of Wellington and Elgin streets where participants, chanting "tar-free 613″ laid sandbags, stopping a symbolic oil spill.
"When I look at this wall, I think of solidarity across North America," Ecology Ottawa executive director Graham Saul told the crowd, referring to
a national day of action called Defend Our Climate, Defend Our Communities, meant to highlight the growing opposition to tar sands expansion, pipeline risks, and climate change.
The $12-billion pipeline project was endorsed by Prime Minister Stephen Harper when TransCanada Corp. made the announcement three months ago.
A 4,500-kilometre pipeline will carry 1.1 million barrels of crude oil daily from Alberta and Saskatchewan to Montreal and Quebec City, then on to Saint John, New Brunswick.
An existing natural gas pipeline would be converted to carry diluted bitumen for export.
Running through Kemptville and Stittsville, "that pipeline crosses the Rideau River. That's definitely a concern of ours, because if we were to see a crude oil spill in that river, that's a source of drinking water for many, but if we were to see a diluted bitumen spill in particular, that has even heightened risks," said Andrea Harden-Donahue from the Council of Canadians.
Interprovincial pipelines are regulated by the federal government.
Following British Columbia's lead, Ontario's Energy Board is holding public consultations on the proposed pipeline, provincial energy minister Bob Chiarelli announced Nov. 13.
"There's not enough of a review process and we're here to stop things like this from going through really quickly," said Adams.
Petra Bucenieks lives near Bancroft and said she rented a car to attend the protest.
"Mother Earth is a real being to me and (all the) indigenous people know that," she said.
"We're just out of control. You know, climate change is past the tipping point."
Visit EnergyEastPipeline.com for more information.
@ottawasunkroche
http://www.ottawasun.com/2013/11/16/climate-protest-draws-hundreds-on-warm-november-day
Cab company assures women taxis safe despite 2 sexual assault claims
Ottawa police officer killed in crash


text:
Family Of Teen Killed In 2016 Lynwood Shooting Still Seeking AnswersA $30,000 reward is being offered for information leading to the arrest and conviction of those responsible.
At Least 2 Critically Hurt In Lynwood Apartment BlazeTwo people were found unconscious at the scene. A third woman was rescued by a neighbor.
Valedictorian Briauna Ramirez Killed By Suspected DUI Driver On 105 Freeway Days After 18th BirthdayFamily and friends are in disbelief after the tragic accident by a suspected drunk driver took the life of 18-year-old Briauna Ramirez.
Congressional Candidates Eric Early, Joe Collins Holding Vigil For Wounded LA DeputiesOne of the two wounded deputies remains hospitalized Thursday.
Community Members Pray For Injured Deputies, Reward More Than $300K To Find ShooterAs of Wednesday, more than $300,000 has been raised to help find the person who shot and injured the two deputies.
Carjacking Suspect Arrested After 10-Hour Standoff In LynwoodThe search for an armed carjacker in the 3100 block of Carlin Avenue started at about noon. The suspect may be hiding in an apartment in the area.
Lynwood City Manager Placed On Administrative Leave Following Response To Shooting Of 2 DeputiesLynwood City Manager Jose Ometeotl has been placed on administrative leave pending an internal investigation after he posted to social media a response to the shooting of two sheriff's deputies in Compton.
2012 Graduate Of Lynwood High Identified As Scooter Rider Killed In Denver Hit-And-RunChristopher Patton, who graduated from Lynwood High School in 2012, was one the two people who was struck by a Chevy Cobalt in Denver Monday, according to a statement from the Lynwood Unified School District.
'I'm Ready To Work': Laid Off Workers Protest Outside Lynwood Hospital Claiming New Ownership Is Compromising Patient CareThe group claims that as much as 30% of the hospital's staff was laid off after Prime Healthcare took over ownership of the hospital.
Driver Killed In Fiery Lynwood WreckA witness told Los Angeles County Sheriff's deputies the car was speeding down Atlantic when it careened into several parked cars and then slammed into a light pole, bursting into flames.
Man Shot, Killed At Lynwood MotelThere was no suspect information and no word on a motive in the killing.
LASD Employee Accused Of Engaging In Sexual Activity With DetaineeRoy'ce Bass was booked at the Marina Del Rey Station and released on $100,000 bail. He is scheduled to appear in court Nov. 13.
No Injuries After Ceiling Collapse At Lynwood High SchoolA portion of the ceiling collapsed onto two cars.
'We Still Have To Take Precautions': Family Of Lynwood Man Who Died After Contracting COVID-19 Hope People Keep Vulnerable In MindAntonio Pacheco, 42, died on the way to the hospital after learning he tested positive for the novel coronavirus.
Vandal Smashed Window Of Lynwood Doughnut Shop, Caused Over $1K In DamagesPolice said Tuesday that the vandal is a man believed to be in his 20s.