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Nonfiction | July 25, 2017 August 1, 2017
The Poisoning
by Alexander Chee
My first taste of gin made me sick. I was fifteen or sixteen, and, on a night I'd been left alone, and for reasons now lost to me, I drank down a great deal of my parents' Tanqueray. I remember specifically opening the exotic wood doors of their liquor cabinet as if it could admit me to some secret chamber of adulthood by virtue of its magic. But if gin was that sort of magic, the spell's first price was a day and night of pain. My memory of gin for a very long time after that was a memory of nausea, a day on the couch in the living room spent with only sips from my mother's favorite cure-all—paregoric—as I begged for the pain and unease to leave me.
This experience is fairly common. I've told this story often, and many people report the same, and that they still cannot drink gin.
I'm not like them.
The next time I drank gin was also like a poisoning. I was living in New York and waiting tables at a steakhouse while I worked on my first novel. There was another waiter there, William, from Louisiana, who only went by his full name—William, never Will—a handsome man, upright and soldierly (and he had been a soldier). His boyfriend was on the road in a traveling version of Cats for most of the year. William didn't have a show business bone in his body. He'd come to New York to be with his boyfriend, though, and was stuck in a cruel trick of fate or at least bad planning. And so William and I would frequently find ourselves having drinks together after work, and making plans to meet up the next day before a shift, to work out together.
People began to mistake us for each other. I didn't think we looked much alike—William was not Asian, though he had mentioned being part Native American, and while we both wore our hair in fades, he was taller, by about three inches. It still seems to me there was another answer, though, some way our mutual flirtation had twinned us. What we felt was something other people could see.
If anyone was going to get me to drink gin again, in other words, it was probably him.
To set the scene of most of our nights: both of us in white starched shirts, bow ties, black pants, white aprons, running through giant wood-paneled rooms carrying enormous steaks and their sides and their sauces. Or, after work, the same shirts open at the collar. A bow tie in the pocket. Sleeves rolled up as we sat down at the bar. And martinis. Mine, always vodka. His, gin. As a child, I had always associated gin with the very preppy people I knew growing up in Maine. William was one of the first people to help me understand that gin is enjoyed all over the world, and he liked to affect a Louisiana accent when he ordered his gin martinis.
People often told me then that a vodka martini was not really a martini. William may have said this too. I was never very impressed by this statement.
I understand it, now. A vodka martini is apparently properly called a Kangaroo, for reasons I can't get anyone to pin down. Vodka arrived after gin to American liquor cabinets, becoming popular in the 1940s and '50s, and perhaps it needed a little marketing help. Vodka doesn't taste like much, masked by whatever it is mixed with. Vodka martinis are better dry, I suspect, because otherwise they may taste too much of vermouth, even the smallest amount of vermouth. In college, we drank vodka precisely because it didn't taste like anything.
Gin on the other hand is supposed to taste like something, and gin distillers are always playing with this. Nolet's Silver, for example, a well-known gin, is like boozy rose water. Bombay Sapphire is one of the most famous brands, and all of its gins list the botanicals on the bottle. Most of the newcomers since then do also. Plymouth Gin was just as concerned with potency as flavor when it created a navy-strength gin, strong enough to pay sailors with, according to its website. Sailors tested the gin by pouring it on gunpowder. If the powder still lit, it meant the gin was sufficiently strong.
The gin martini's pleasures include the arguments over the way to make one. As MFK Fisher observes in Gourmet, "subtly and irrevocably the cocktail becomes more wine and less liquor the nearer one gets to Europe." She writes of San Franciscans drinking "a more or less western and much ginnier version," and blames the European version on the name—the bartenders arguing with you that the drink is named for the vermouth. What she describes next is still very much the experience of an American in Europe today:
It will be made of a local version of English gin, unless they are knowing enough to demand English gin. It will be made of sweet red vermouth unless the American tourist is knowing enough to demand dry white vermouth, and it will be made without ice unless he demands ice. And if he is foresighted enough to demand ice, it will be served in a lump in the glass, which will often be a tall lemonade glass with the "cocktail" down in the bottom. The cocktail will be made, if the American is very fortunate, in the proportions of half and half—and if he is less so, in The City's proportions but in reverse, so that a flick of gin has been gently and cautiously passed over the ruddy, sweet, herby, and strangely bolstering potion.
Luis Buñuel also writes beautifully of the martini in his autobiography, My Last Breath:
To provoke, or sustain, a reverie in a bar, you have to drink English gin, especially in the form of the dry martini . . . At a certain period in America it was said that the making of a dry martini should resemble the Immaculate Conception, for, as Saint Thomas Aquinas once noted, the generative power of the Holy Ghost pierced the Virgin's hymen "like a ray of sunlight through a window—leaving it unbroken."
As Buñuel was good enough to demonstrate his own technique on film, which I found online, I watched and then followed along as I made my own. He pours a few drops of Noilly Prat along with Angostura bitters, measured into half a demitasse spoon. These are stirred into very cold ice, and then he drains off the vermouth and bitters. Gin is added to the ice and shaker, which are now nicely coated, and the martini is stirred before serving.
The Buñuel technique, it seems to me, as I drink his martini now, is a good one if you don't favor a gin that is already made with botanicals, which I do, and which I used—St. George's Terroir Gin. Bitters in a botanical gin confuses things, to my mind. I believe that anything you might add by way of bitters should already be in the gin. Next time, I'll use Plymouth.
Happy hour in Trieste, featuring a Negroni and an Aperol spritz. (from the author's extensive records)
Martinis are at least as much a part of steakhouse fare as steaks, and during my time as a waiter, I had as many conversations about dryness, complete with the sad jokes about waving the vermouth over the glass, as I did discussions about rare, medium rare, medium, and so on. Grown men telling me they wanted their steaks "medium rare plus," with a "very dry gin martini," made my nights feel like a series of split hairs. Also potentially spilt ones: much of my time as a steakhouse waiter involved balancing a tray full of martinis as I sprinted across the room. There was nothing worse handing a diminished glass to a guest who'd been hoping for a full martini, the gin around the glass's base like a tell. The martinis cost $15 to $20 a piece then, so you didn't really want to do this.
William, I noticed right away, had an unmatched ability to run across the dining room with his tray of martinis balanced on the upturned points of his fingertips, as if he were about to perform a magic trick—as if any other trick were needed besides getting them across the room. He made it look elegant and urgent at the same time, and there was a solemnity to his manner that was beautiful to watch. By contrast, I carried mine too carefully on the flat of my hand, another hand steadying the tray. It seemed like it should work and never did. One day I asked him to show me how he did this.
He explained that balancing the tray this way stabilized it and allowed him to control it more easily. You have to lean back as you walk forward, he said, because this allows you to keep from spilling the martinis as you walk. None of this made any sense to me, and yet when I tried all of it together, it worked.
Every time I did the trick, I thought of him a little. Every time I set down a row of martinis for guests, all of them full, I thanked him.
The day came when William and I went out after work to talk about our relationship. I remember that as we entered the bar he took my jacket and hung it up for me. He did this sometimes and it always charmed me. He convinced me to order a proper gin martini, and I consented. I remember that we had three, paused before deciding to have one more, and that this was the one more that did us in. Then we had one more after that. The rest is missing. The gin made a shroud around the evening.
The anatomy of a bad decision made while drinking is difficult to map if the memory is lost to the drinking. This thing between William and me was not a simple matter. William was a good person and a loyal one. He was never going to cheat on his boyfriend. And I didn't want him to, either. We loved each other and there was no place for the love to go except into our restraint, and into these martinis, as it were, which we drank as if we could drink the feeling away, as if we could have it and forget it and be done with it, but also never let it go.
The next morning I couldn't remember what we'd said. I was sick again—another day and night of sickness, barely able to walk from one room to the other.
Never again, I said, when I thought of gin next.
Blaming the gin, of course.
The first two times I drank gin, the nights were like lightning strikes. I have no memory of the third time, but this is because the third time was gentler, so unremarkable as to almost vanish. I had moved to Amherst, Massachusetts. This was a decade after the night with William. I was now a published writer, and had recently been hired as a visiting writer, which is a kind of high-class adjunct no one ever wants to befriend because you'll leave too soon. You're surrounded by the "cordon sanitaire," as one friend put it, of the short-timer. "How long is the visit for?" people would ask, and I would say, "Four years," and if they thought it was a long time, you knew they didn't work at the college. If they told you they thought it was too short to bother befriending you, they did.
A gin and tonic in a goblet in a Berlin bar. (from the author's extensive records)
I was left, then, to myself, and left to begin drinking in those kinds of reveries at the bar in the way Buñuel spoke of. The place I chose at the time, called Amherst Coffee during the day and Amherst Whiskey at night, was walking distance from my apartment, and the bartenders and I became friends very quickly, as I was their rapt student. They introduced me to the Plymouth gin first, instructing me on the reason it was a classic, and then to my first favorite gin, the Junípero. They made a Junípero martini dressed with a caper berry, which seemed better than an olive. I loved it. Junípero is a California gin, the juniper in it like black pepper, and perfect for the dry martini. I think of it now as the spiritual heir to the San Franciscan martini MFK Fisher California described—the child of them. In any case, this was the gin that made me understand the reason people are as protective of the gin martini as they are, and I joined them, drink by drink.
The doomed love I'd felt for William so long ago was gone, barely a memory. I sat at the bar, reading and contemplating my visiting writer loneliness, or flirting, which is much the same. Gin is good for this. And yes, the bartenders, now that I think of it, were all a little like William, all handsome young men, a little silly and a lot serious, my version of the French waiters who taught MFK Fisher about wine in Provence—and I was at one point reading her while sitting there with my martini. But this is perhaps just the sort of protection a martini can offer: to keep those ironies at arm's length. It is a kind of solace, the gin martini, an angelic sword brought down on my troubles, drawing a protective line of fire around me in the dark. Or so it feels. In any case, during these nights, I began to understand why people defend the gin martini the way they do. The ritual of making my own became like a spell I cast on myself.
I eventually made friends at Amherst, and gin helped.
Amherst College is, as I discovered, one of the gin martini's ancestral playgrounds. Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf is set there. Martinis are frequently served without a second thought at parties. When one host's wife confessed to drinking her first at the age of sixty-eight, I could only wonder at the spectacle of seeing her finally drink one. The first fall I was there I threw a Halloween party, and prepared to make martinis and Manhattans, which is now my idea of a party. I had many martini glasses, thanks to a penchant for buying them at junk shops and thrift stores, plus a nearby Target. When I stepped into the stairwell to let someone in, I encountered a senior colleague who was leaving the apartment downstairs after dining with the junior faculty member who lived below me.
This senior colleague was, is, a part of the old guard, the sort of man who devotes his life to a single writer and builds a palace of thought around the work. He was famous for saying he would not retire—he was well past the age of retirement—but instead wanted to die at his desk. "They're taking me out of here in a pine box!" he would say, and then slap his knee and laugh, and you knew he meant it.
He was being polite, I think, when he agreed to come up to the party. I should mention that I was wearing a Viking helmet when I issued the invitation. He was not known to socialize with the visiting writers. He requested a gin martini, which I made for him. When he took the first sip, he said, "This is excellent." He looked at me over the top of his glass, and his eyes were full of recognition. As if I was finally a real person to him.
For this member of the old guard, the taste of a correct gin martini is like a passport or a gang sign. We were friends for the rest of my time there. Our friendship always mystified others at the college, but we knew why we liked each other and I miss him still.
I left Amherst College in 2010, and, having mastered gin as both communication and reverie, gin now kept me company, almost a travel companion.
In Germany, on a fellowship in Leipzig, I discovered firsthand that European problem with the martini MFK Fisher spoke of—the drink made with too much vermouth, too warm, in a martini glass. I quickly gave my first lesson to a young German bartender there on the American dry martini proportions, even how to cut a twist off a lemon properly, and to mix the materials in a shaker. In Shanghai I watched, captivated, as a Spanish gin and tonic champion bartender made his championship gin and tonic in a goblet for me. He brushed the glass with fresh mint, dropped juniper berries on the ice, and then poured the tonic down a bar spoon so as not to bruise the bubbles. In Lisbon and Barcelona, remembering that Shanghai bartender, I found the goblet-style gin and tonic to be how the Mediterraneans seem to like to serve it now, and I prefer it. The goblet is so much more fun than a skinny highball with its sad lime, and while it scandalized the Americans with me, who hadn't yet discovered this way of drinking it, they then rushed off to get theirs made the same way.
In Cambodia, in the bar of a Phnom Penh gay sex hotel, I was presented with a European martini just like the one I was given in Leipzig. And just like then, I gave my second lesson to a bartender on how to make the American dry martini. He waited patiently through my explanations and I tipped him heavily for his patience—and I think all patrons should tip heavily when giving lessons of this kind. It is, after all, an intrusion.
After that, unwilling to risk another European martini, I drank Negronis all the way through Cambodia and discovered I preferred them while traveling.
A Negroni cart at the Borghese Palace Art Hotel, in Florence. "They got rid of this, breaking my heart," laments the author.
The Negroni cocktail is made with sweet vermouth, Campari, and gin, garnished with an orange slice, and it is often called bitter, but it was never bitter enough for me. William was the first person to introduce me to the Negroni, which, much like gin, I did not immediately enjoy. And in fact, I don't know that I enjoyed the next three or four Negronis I had after that first one—the drink to me was, for a long time, like a familiar door I just kept trying, always mistaken about what was on the other side, and never quite remembering each time. A friend who preferred Negronis called them an acquired taste, and on that trip to Cambodia, I did acquire that taste, each Negroni there like a marker in a pilgrimage. The drink was less fussy than a martini and thus more forgiving and open to more interpretations.
And if it was a pilgrimage I was on, it led me all the way to the fabled source: Florence, Italy, said to be the birthplace of the Negroni. A year after that summer trip to Cambodia, I stood in the lobby of an ancient Florentine hotel, all marble and crimson velvet, and met my first Negroni cart, three shelves tall, bristling with bottles—each shelf devoted to the components, with different gins, bitters, and vermouths. The bartender invited me to choose each component, and after my first, I asked her to make me one she would prefer. The drink's mastery of my imagination was complete.
I now dream of having my own Negroni cart.
Gin to me is home now. I associate it more with love than loneliness. I keep a crowd of favorites around. Death's Door, if I can find it, is one favorite special-occasion gin—to me, it's like black pepper and granite. There is usually Plymouth. My husband likes Beefeater. I have an ongoing love affair with Old Tom gin, a bootlegger recipe that often colors the gin dark yellow like bourbon. You can make a cocktail with Old Tom gin called the Pegu Club—Old Tom with lime juice and Cointreau, shaken with ice—which reminds me of my favorite childhood mythical creature, the Pegasus.
My husband loves gin as much as I do. We even have a house cocktail for our Catskills cabin that we made together, a creation we call the Nutty Pine, mixing gin or bourbon with sweet vermouth, walnut bitters, and a dash of a pine liqueur, shaken with ice. When we first met, we drank more bourbon than gin. Now it is tipping to the other side. If, before this, my gin reveries were dreams of the future, and might-have-beens, they are now as often memories. If I really did enter adulthood, on that distant, almost forgotten day when I pulled open those liquor cabinet doors, it was not a single transformation ahead of me, but a life of transformations. Not one potion, but a life of them. Glass by glass.
Alexander Chee is the author of the novels Edinburgh and The Queen of the Night. He is an associate professor of English and Creative Writing at Dartmouth College. His essay collection How to Write an Autobiographical Novel is forthcoming in 2018.
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Married Name Her married name was Speidel.
Name Variation Anna Barbara Rilling was also known as Barbara.
Anna Barbara Rilling married Sebastian Speidel, son of Jacob Speidel, at Erie, Erie, Pennsylvania.
Anna Barbara Rilling was born on 4 February 1826 at Dusslingen, Wuerttemberg, Germany.
[S249] U.S. Federal Census 1850 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Stamp 132. Dwelling 182-200.
Name Variation Charley S. McCain was also known as Charles S.
Charley S. McCain was born on 19 October 1868 at Wisconsin.
He was the son of John McCain and Mary Speidel.
Charley S. McCain died on 5 June 1898 at Wisconsin at age 29.
[S247] U.S. Federal Census 1870 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Year: 1800; Census Place: Buena Vista, Richland, Wisconsin; roll: M593_1734; Page: 578A; Image: 59; Family History Library Film: 553233.
[S246] U.S. Federal Census 1880 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, NA Film Number T9-1445 Page Number 30B.
Married Name before December 1913 As of before December 1913,her married name was McCain.
Martha Merritt married George Jay McCain, son of John McCain and Mary Speidel, before December 1913.
Martha Merritt died in 1916.
Married Name 1932 As of 1932,her married name was Fowler.
Married Name 9 July 1971 As of 9 July 1971,her married name was Davis.
Blanche Estelle McCain was born on 25 December 1913 at Durham, Durham, North Carolina.
She was the daughter of George Jay McCain and Martha Merritt.
Blanche Estelle McCain married Joseph Chester Fowler in 1932 at Hastings, St. John, Florida.
Blanche Estelle McCain married James English Davis on 9 July 1971 at Palatka, Putnam, Florida.
Blanche Estelle McCain died in March 1977 at Dunn, Harnett, North Carolina, at age 63.
James English Davis was born on 20 November 1915.
He married Blanche Estelle McCain, daughter of George Jay McCain and Martha Merritt, on 9 July 1971 at Palatka, Putnam, Florida.
Joseph Chester Fowler was born on 13 March 1898.
He married Blanche Estelle McCain, daughter of George Jay McCain and Martha Merritt, in 1932 at Hastings, St. John, Florida.
Joseph Chester Fowler died on 1 June 1968 at Palatka, Putnam, Florida, at age 70.
Charles Halsey McCain was born on 28 July 1929 at Van Wert, Decatur, Iowa.
He was the son of Holsey Charles McCain and Mabel Lorene Jones.
Charles Halsey McCain died on 12 April 1997 at Bouton, Dallas, Iowa, at age 67.
Larry Earl McCain was born on 14 January 1931 at Rippey, Greene, Iowa.
Larry Earl McCain died on 26 September 1994 at Meadow Vista, Placer, California, at age 63.
William Dean McCain died on 11 April 1942 at Rippey, Greene, Iowa.
He was born on 11 April 1942 at Rippey, Greene, Iowa.
Deborah Lynn McCain died on 4 February 1951.
She was born on 4 February 1951.
She was the daughter of Holsey Charles McCain and Mabel Lorene Jones.
Jacob Speidel was born circa 1790 at Germany.
John McCain was born circa 1872 at Wisconsin.
John McCain died before 1900.
Christine Frederica Speidel was born on 20 March 1851 at Meadville, Crawford, Pennsylvania.
She was the daughter of Sebastian Speidel and Anna Barbara Rilling.
Charles H. F. Speidel married Minnie (?).
Charles H. F. Speidel was born on 9 December 1852 at Erie, Pennsylvania.
He was the son of Sebastian Speidel and Anna Barbara Rilling.
[S246] U.S. Federal Census 1880 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, NA Film Number T9-1445 Page Number 131D.
Katherine Ann Speidel was born on 2 June 1859 at Richland Center, Richland, Wisconsin.
Stephen Douglas Speidel was born on 17 April 1861 at Richland Center, Richland, Wisconsin.
Minnie (?) married Charles H. F. Speidel, son of Sebastian Speidel and Anna Barbara Rilling.
Minnie (?) was born circa 1849 at New York.
Clarence Speidel was born circa 1878 at Wisconsin.
He was the son of Charles H. F. Speidel and Minnie (?).
Katie Speidel was born circa December 1879 at Wisconsin.
She was the daughter of Charles H. F. Speidel and Minnie (?).
Name Variation Gertrude F. Weise was also known as Weese.
Name Variation Gertrude F. Weise was also known as Wiese.
Married Name after May 1910 As of after May 1910,her married name was Mercer.
Gertrude F. Weise was born in September 1893 at Nebraska.
She was the daughter of Henry A. Weise and Mary E. (?).
Gertrude F. Weise married Robert H. Mercer, son of Amosa Harrington Mercer and Ellen Connie Flora, after May 1910.
Gertrude F. Weise and Robert H. Mercer were divorced before 1923.
Gertrude F. Weise died after 1925.
1915 Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa Gertrude F. Weise and Robert H. Mercer appeared on the census of 1915 at Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa.
[S245] U.S. Federal Census 1900 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Year: 1900; Census Place: Omaha Ward 2, Douglas, Nebraska; Roll: T623_ 923; Page: 3B; Enumeration District: 19.
[S244] U.S. Federal Census 1910 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Year: 1910; Census Place: Maple, Ida, Iowa; Roll: T624_406; Page: 10A; Enumeration District: 0055; Image: 865; FHL Number: 1374419.
Donald Lee Mercer was born on 21 January 1913 at Iowa.
He was the son of Robert H. Mercer and Gertrude F. Weise.
Donald Lee Mercer died on 11 January 1973 at Lane, Oregon, at age 59.
1915 Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa Donald Lee Mercer appeared on the census of 1915 in the household of Robert H. Mercer and Gertrude F. Weise at Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa.
1 January 1925 Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa Donald Lee Mercer is listed as nephew on the census of 1 January 1925 in the household of Charles E. Rogers at Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa.
[S250] U.S. Federal Census 1930 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, ED47-15. Dwelling 188.
Married Name 29 October 1920 As of 29 October 1920,her married name was Daniels.
Venetia Vivian Rogers was born on 22 June 1901 at Battle Creek, Iowa.
She was the daughter of Charles E. Rogers and Etta Grace Mercer.
Venetia Vivian Rogers married Clarence Murray Daniels on 29 October 1920.
Venetia Vivian Rogers died on 2 November 1992 at Orange, California, at age 91 Venetia Vivian (Rogers) Daniels obituary.
In June 1923 at Rippey, Greene, Iowa, Mr and Mrs C M Daniels, Robert Mercer, and Blanche Lyan visited George Mercer and Lillian Parr homes. On 29 October 1970 at California Clarence and Venetia (Rogers) Daniels 50th wedding anniversary.
[S244] U.S. Federal Census 1910 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, ED55. Dwelling 47.
[S243] U.S. Federal Census 1920 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, ED65. Dwelling 9.
[S250] U.S. Federal Census 1930 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Year: 1930; Census Place: Harlan, Shelby, Iowa; Roll: 682; Page: 4B; Enumeration District: 13; Image: 663.0.
Name Variation Charles E. Rogers Jr. was also known as Charley E.
Charles E. Rogers Jr. was born circa 1906 at Iowa.
He was the son of Charles E. Rogers and Etta Grace Mercer.
1 January 1925 Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa Charles E. Rogers Jr. appeared on the census of 1 January 1925 in the household of Charles E. Rogers at Battle Creek, Ida, Iowa.
In June 1923 at Rippey, Greene, Iowa, Mr and Mrs C M Daniels, Robert Mercer, and Blanche Lyan visited George Mercer and Lillian Parr homes.
Name Variation Mahlon McIntire was also known as Abner Mahlon.
Name Variation Mahlon McIntire was also known as M.
Mahlon McIntire was born on 31 October 1827 at Ohio also reported as Nov 1827.
He was the son of James McIntire and Jane (?).
Mahlon McIntire died on 12 June 1902 at Douglas, South Dakota, at age 74.
[S235] Iowa Marriages 1851-1900 Marriages, by Iowa.
[S249] U.S. Federal Census 1850 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Year: 1850; Census Place: Franklin, Adams, Ohio; Roll: M432_657; Page: 19A; Image: 42.
[S248] U.S. Federal Census 1860 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Page 16. Dwelling 112.
[S247] U.S. Federal Census 1870 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Page 19. Stamp 10. Dwelling 141.
[S246] U.S. Federal Census 1880 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, NA Film Number T9-0354 Page Number 547C.
[S245] U.S. Federal Census 1900 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, ED1. Dwelling 12.
Married Name 6 November 1853 As of 6 November 1853,her married name was McIntire.
Mary Moore was born on 1 April 1835 at Allen, Ohio.
She was the daughter of Benjamin Moore and Roxanna Wood.
Mary Moore died on 29 September 1882 at Marion, Iowa, at age 47.
[S249] U.S. Federal Census 1850 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, Dwelling 236.
Married Name circa 1892 As of circa 1892,her married name was Melser.
Hattie McIntire was born on 16 March 1865 at Marion, Iowa.
She was the daughter of Mahlon McIntire and Mary Moore.
Hattie McIntire married Elmer Ellsworth Melser, son of Alvin Melser and Elizabeth Ivins, circa 1892.
Hattie McIntire died in 1898.
Hattie McIntire memory book entry for Alice Ewing.
John W. McIntire was born on 21 January 1863 at Iowa.
He was the son of Mahlon McIntire and Mary Moore.
John W. McIntire married Flora B. Parker, daughter of Henry Parker and Emily Eubanks, circa 1898.
John W. McIntire died on 5 April 1915 at age 52.
[S244] U.S. Federal Census 1910 U.S. Federal Census, by Ancestry.com, ED1. Dwelling 161.
Benjamin Moore married Roxanna Wood, daughter of James Wood and Mary Wright.
Benjamin Moore was born on 26 October 1796 at East Buffalo, Northumberland, Pennsylvania.
He was the son of Emmor Moore Sr. and Hannah Woodward.
Benjamin Moore died on 21 February 1873 at Marion, Iowa, at age 76.
Roxanna Wood married Benjamin Moore, son of Emmor Moore Sr. and Hannah Woodward.
Roxanna Wood was born on 8 September 1802 at Otis, Massachusetts.
She was the daughter of James Wood and Mary Wright.
Roxanna Wood died on 23 April 1862 at Clay, Marion, Iowa, at age 59.
Sophia Moore was born circa 1839 at Ohio.


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                ?>

try this. This may help you.

A: So, you can just modify \your-theme\woocommerce\single-product\sale-flash.php file
Or, your can also use filter.
By the way there is more simple solution:
if ($product->is_type( 'simple' )) {
        $sale_price     =  $product->get_sale_price();
        $regular_price  =  $product->get_regular_price();
    }
    elseif($product->is_type('variable')){
        $sale_price     =  $product->get_variation_sale_price( 'min', true );
        $regular_price  =  $product->get_variation_regular_price( 'max', true );
    }

    $discount = round (($sale_price / $regular_price -1 ) * 100);
}

Or you can copy this gist https://gist.github.com/sholex/4064fc2b656c0857a78228cf5324b370

A: <?php
                global $product;
                if ($product->is_type( 'simple' )) { ?>

<?php echo $product->get_price_html(); ?>

                <?php } ?>
                <?php
                if($product->product_type=='variable') {
                    $available_variations = $product->get_available_variations();
foreach($available_variations as $key=>$val){
     if(trim($val['variation_id'])==**"your selected variant id"**){
                    $variation_id=$available_variations[$key]['variation_id']; // Getting the variable id of just the 1st product. You can loop $available_variations to get info about each variation.
     }
}
                    $variable_product1= new WC_Product_Variation( $variation_id );
                    $regular_price = $variable_product1 ->regular_price;
                    $sales_price = $variable_product1 ->sale_price;
                    echo $regular_price+$sales_price;
                    }
                ?>

A:     add_action( 'woocommerce_before_single_product', 'check_if_variable_first' );
function check_if_variable_first(){
    if ( is_product() ) {
        global $post;
        $product = wc_get_product( $post->ID );
        if ( $product->is_type( 'variable' ) ) {
            // removing the price of variable products
remove_action( 'woocommerce_single_product_summary', 'woocommerce_template_single_price', 10 );

// Change location of
add_action( 'woocommerce_single_product_summary', 'custom_wc_template_single_price', 10 );
function custom_wc_template_single_price(){
    global $product;

// Variable product only
if($product->is_type('variable')):

    // Main Price
    $prices = array( $product->get_variation_price( 'min', true ), $product->get_variation_price( 'max', true ) );
    $price = $prices[0] !== $prices[1] ? sprintf( __( 'От: %1$s', 'woocommerce' ), wc_price( $prices[0] ) ) : wc_price( $prices[0] );

    // Sale Price
    $prices = array( $product->get_variation_regular_price( 'min', true ), $product->get_variation_regular_price( 'max', true ) );
    sort( $prices );
    $saleprice = $prices[0] !== $prices[1] ? sprintf( __( 'От: %1$s', 'woocommerce' ), wc_price( $prices[0] ) ) : wc_price( $prices[0] );

    if ( $price !== $saleprice && $product->is_on_sale() ) {
        $price = '' . $saleprice . $product->get_price_suffix() . ' ' . $price . $product->get_price_suffix() . '';
    }

    ?>

    <?php

    echo '
'.$price.'

'.$price.'
';

endif;
}

        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
L'ordonnance royale du  réorganise les corps de cavalerie de l'armée française

Ordonnance du roi du 25 mars 1776 concernant la cavalerie française
De par le Roi.
Sa Majesté s'étant fait représenter les ordonnances et règlements précédemment rendus, concernant sa Cavalerie; et ayant jugé que ce Corps, si intéressant pour le succès de ses armes, n'était pas solidement constitué, a ordonné et ordonne ce qui suit :

Article premier
Indépendamment du régiment des Carabiniers de Monsieur, Sa Majesté conservera sur pied vingt-trois régiments de Cavalerie, savoir :
Le Colonel-général, le Mestre-de-camp-général, le Commissaire-général, Royal, du Roi, Royal-Étranger, les Cuirassiers, Royal-Cravates, Royal-Roussillon, Royal-Piémont, Royal-Allemand, Royal-Pologne, Royal Lorraine, Royal-Picardie, Royal-Champagne, Royal-Navarre, Royal-Normandie, La Reine, Dauphin, Bourgogne, Berry, Artois et Orléans.
Les régiments de Chartres, Condé, Bourbon, Conti, La Marche, Penthièvre et Noailles, seront réunis au corps des Dragons, pour y former le nombre de régiments dont ledit Corps sera augmenté.

Article 2
Chacun desdits régiments de Cavalerie, sera composé à l'avenir de cinq escadrons, dont quatre de Cavalerie & un de chevaux-légers. Il y sera  attaché de plus un escadron d'Auxiliaires en temps de guerre.

Article 3
Chacun de ces cinq escadrons, sera composé d'une compagnie.

Suit ensuite jusqu'à l'article 45, la composition et l'organisation des escadrons, sous-officiers, officiers, état-major, etc.      que l'on retrouvera en ligne à partir de la page 163

Ordonnance du roi du 25 mars 1776 concernant les dragons
De par le Roi.
Sa Majesté voulant assimiler la composition de ses régiments de Dragons à celle de sa Cavalerie; et faire connaître ses intentions à cet égard, a ordonné et ordonne ce qui suit :

Article premier
Les régiments de cavalerie de Chartres, de Condé, de Bourbon, de Conti, de La Marche, de Penthièvre et de Noailles, seront réunis à l'avenir au corps des Dragons, pour y former le même nombre de régiments de Dragons, dont ledit Corps sera augmenté.

Article 2
Lesdits régiments prendront rang dans le corps des Dragons, suivant la date de leur création; savoir, les régiments de Chartres, de Condé, de Bourbon, de Conti, de La Marche, immédiatement après le régiment d'Orléans, et avant celui de Lorraine, et les régiments de Penthièvre et de Noailles, après le régiment de Languedoc dragons, et avant celui de Schomberg.

Article 3
Chaque régiment de Dragons, sera composé à l'avenir de cinq escadrons, dont quatre de Dragons et un de Chasseurs à cheval; ce dernier escadron sera formé par les compagnies des Légions supprimées ainsi que Sa  Majesté l'a réglé par l'Ordonnance qu'Elle a rendue concernant lesdites Légions. Il sera attaché de plus à chaque régiment, en temps de guerre, un escadron d'Auxiliaire.

Article 4
Chacun de ces cinq escadrons, sera composé d'une compagnie.

Suit ensuite jusqu'à l'article 47, la composition et l'organisation des escadrons, sous-officiers, officiers, état-major, etc.      que l'on retrouvera en ligne à partir de la page 184

Ordonnance du roi du 25 mars 1776 concernant les hussards
De par le Roi.
Sa Majesté voulant assimiler la composition de ses régiments de Hussards à celle de sa Cavalerie, autant que la nature du service auquel ils sont destinés, peut le permettre, Elle a ordonné et ordonne ce qui suit :

Article premier
Les régiments de Hussards de Berchény, de Chamborant, de Nassau et d'Esterhazy, formeront à l'avenir, avec la Cavalerie de la Légion de Conflans, quatre régiments de Hussards de cinq escadrons chacun; l'intention de Sa Majesté étant que le régiment de Nassau soit incorporé dans les quatre régiments qu'Elle juge à propos de conserver sur pied.

Article 2
En conséquence de ces dispositions, Sa Majesté veut que les quatre escadrons qui forment actuellement le régiment de Hussards de Nassau, soient incorporés :
Savoir :
Le premier escadron dans le régiment de Bercheny.
Le second dans le régiment de Chamborant.·
Le troisième dans le régiment de Conflans.
Et le quatrième escadron dans le régiment d'Esterhazy.

Suit ensuite jusqu'à l'article 45, la composition et l'organisation des escadrons, sous-officiers, officiers, état-major, etc.      que l'on retrouvera en ligne à partir de la page 205

Ordonnance du roi du 25 mars 1776 concernant les légions
De par le Roi.
Sa Majesté jugeant du bien de son service, de supprimer toutes les Légions, et de donner aux compagnies qui les composent, une destination plus utile et plus avant, Elle a ordonné et ordonne ce qui suit :

Article premier
Les Légions Royale, de Flandre, de Lorraine, de Condé, de Soubise et du Dauphiné, seront et demeureront supprimées; l'intention de Sa Majesté étant de conserver la Cavalerie de la Légion de Conflans, dont il sera formé un régiment de Hussards, le Régiment de Conflans hussards, de quatre escadrons, lequel prendra rang dans les régiments de Hussards, suivant la date de sa création; et sera traité à l'instar desdits régiments.

Article 2
Il sera formé de chacune des Légions supprimées, quatre escadrons de Chasseurs à cheval.

Article 3
Chaque escadron de Chasseurs à cheval, sera composé, comme dans les autres troupes de Cavalerie, d'une seule compagnie.

Suit ensuite jusqu'à l'article 29, la composition et l'organisation des escadrons, sous-officiers, officiers, état-major, etc.      que l'on retrouvera en ligne à partir de la page 224

Article 30
Veut en conséquence Sa Majesté que :
Le premier escadron de la Légion Royale, soit destiné à former l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment Colonel-général des Dragons.
Le second escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment Mestre-de-camp général des Dragons.
Le troisième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment Royal, Dragons.
Le quatrième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment du Roi, Dragons.

Le premier escadron de la Légion de Flandre, soit destiné à former l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de la Reine, Dragons.
Le second escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment du Dauphin, Dragons.
Le troisième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Monsieur, Dragons.
Le quatrième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment d'Artois, Dragons.

Le premier escadron de la Légion de Lorraine, soit destiné à former l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment d'Orléans, Dragons.
Le second escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Chartres, Dragons.
Le troisième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Condé, Dragons.
Le quatrième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Bourbon, Dragons.

Le premier escadron de la Légion de Condé, soit destiné à former l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de La Marche, Dragons.
Le second escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Conti, Dragons.
Le troisième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Lorraine, Dragons.
Le quatrième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Custine, Dragons.

Le premier escadron de la Légion de Soubise, soit destiné à former l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de La Rochefoucault, Dragons.
Le second escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Jarnac, Dragons.
Le troisième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Lanan, Dragons.
Le quatrième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Belzunce, Dragons.

Le premier escadron de la Légion du Dauphiné, soit destiné à former l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Languedoc, Dragons.
Le second escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Penthièvre, Dragons.
Le troisième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Noailles, Dragons.
Le quatrième escadron de la même Légion, formera l'escadron de Chasseurs à cheval du régiment de Schomberg, Dragons.

Infanterie
Une ordonnance royale également du , réorganise les corps d'infanterie de l'armée française.

Liens externes
  Ordonnance du Roi, du 25 mars 1776, concernant la cavalerie
    Ordonnances et règlements du Roi, sur lasabretache.fr

Notes, sources et références
 Les sites cités dans liens externes

Unité militaire sous l'Ancien Régime
Unité de cavalerie française

1776 en France

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Morwenna Griffiths holds the Chair of Classroom Learning in the Moray House School of Education at Edinburgh University. She has taught in primary schools, and at the University of Isfahan, Iran, at Christ Church College HE in Canterbury, and at Oxford Brookes, Nottingham and Nottingham Trent Universities. Her recent research has included philosophical theorising and empirical investigation, related to epistemology of auto/biography, social justice, feminization, pedagogy and the relation of educational philosophy with policy. Her books include Action for Social Justice in Education: Fairly Different; Educational Research for Social Justice, and Feminisms and the Self: the Web of Identity. Her most recent work focuses on the significance of joy in education for social justice and on the significance pedagogical relationships in teaching and teacher education.


'We don't believe that it was real and nothing has happened,' Bob Iger reportedly said.
Disney CEO Bob Iger has reportedly confirmed that the company was not hacked and no movie was stolen by hackers. Reports of Disney having allegedly been hacked and held to ransom recently broke, just days before the much-anticipated release of the Pirates Of The Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales movie. However, the hackers' threat to release portions of the movie in parts appears to have been a bluff.
"To our knowledge we were not hacked," Iger told Yahoo Finance. "We had a threat of a hack of a movie being stolen. We decided to take it seriously but not react in the manner in which the person who was threatening us had required. We don't believe that it was real and nothing has happened."
Iger, however, refrained from mentioning which movie the hackers were threatening to leak. News of the hacking threat was taken seriously in light of a hacker/hacker group going by the pseudonym The Dark Overlord (TDO) having hacked, stolen and leaked episodes of the Orange Is The New Black TV series.
Iger's statement comes just a day after the release of the latest Pirates movie. Although Disney had not mentioned which of its films was threatened to be leaked by hackers, reports speculated that it was the Johnny Depp starrer, Pirates Of The Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales.
However, an unnamed alleged hacker going by the pseudonym "Darkness", told TorrentFreak that the movie under threat was Star Wars: The Last Jedi. Darkness claimed to have stolen an incomplete cut of the film and demanded a ransom of 2 bitcoins per month until September. The hacker also said that the movie wasn't hacked, but was given to him by "a friend who works at a post production company owned by [Lucasfilm]".
These claims have not been independently verified by IBTimes UK. It is likely that someone posing as a hacker may be attempting to live off on the success of the recent Netflix hack.
"Malicious hacking is an enormous problem and as ransomware catches up to online piracy, we are going to see the industry take some interesting steps towards innovative security practices," George Avetisov, CEO of biometric authentication firm HYPR Corp, told IBTimes UK. "This activity is profitable because it has shown to be lucrative in the past - especially among hospital networks who have paid large ransoms to hackers."
"The two worlds of hacking and piracy (also known as 'warez'), have been overlapped since the beginning of the computer underground, even back in the old days of dial-up Bulletin Board Systems (BBS)," Alex Heid, chief research officer at SecurityScorecard told IBTimes UK, explaining how the underground industry first sprang up.
"Hacking, phreaking, cracking, anarchy, and warez were often all separate yet overlapping interest groups and would often be abbreviated as H/P/C/A/W. Those who wished to pirate software would need to crack license protections, and the ecosystem was born," Heid added.
Is a Canadian teen behind dark web hacking forum Hell?


TS PGLCET 2019| Telangana PG LAWCET 2019 Apply online at lawcet.tsche.ac.in. #TS #PGLAWCET 2019: Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana State has issued the Post Graduate Law Common Entrance Test(PGLCET) 2019 in the month of March 2019. This entrance test for entry into first year LL.M Regular and Self Financing Courses in the Colleges of Law in Telangana state for the academic year 2019-2020. The PGLCET will be conducted by the Convenor, Department of Law, Kakatiya University, Warangal on behalf of Telangana State Council of Higher Education(TSCHE), Hyderabad. This Post Graduate LAWCET 2019 will be held on ../05/2019. The University will invite the Online Applications from eligible Candidates for admission into first year LL.M courses offered by state Universities in Telangana State including their Affiliated Colleges.
తెలంగాణ రాష్ట్రంలోని న్యాయ విద్యాకళాశాలల్లో ప్రవేశాల కోసం నిర్వహించే టీఎస్ లాసెట్ (తెలంగాణ రాష్ట్ర లా కామన్ ఎంట్రెన్స్ టెస్ట్), పీజీ ఎల్‌సెట్ షెడ్యూల్ ఖరారైంది. మార్చి 10న లాసెట్, పీజీఎల్‌సెట్ నోటిఫికేషన్లు విడుదల కానున్నాయి. మార్చి 15 నుంచి ఏప్రిల్ 25 వరకు ఆన్‌లైన్‌లో దరఖాస్తులను స్వీకరించనున్నారు. ఆలస్యరుసుముతో మే 16 వరకు దరఖాస్తులను స్వీకరిస్తారు.
TSLAWCET/ TSPGLCET-2019: TS Law Common Entrance Test (TS LAWCET-2019) for admission into 3/5 years law courses (LL.B) and TS PG Law Common Entrance Test (TS PGLCET-2019) for admission into LL.M courses offered by state Universities in Telangana State including their affiliated colleges for the academic year 2019-20 will be conducted by Osmania University, Hyderabad.
3 year LL.B Course- Any Graduate Degree.
5 Year LL.B. Course- Intermediate Examination. LL.M- LL.B./ B.L.
How to Apply: Candidates may apply through online mode only from 15.03.2019 to 25.04.2018.
Date of Entrance Test: 20.05.2019.
b) The Candidates seeking admission into LL.M. (Private Appearance) of Osmania University, Hyderabad shall have a minimum experience of 3-years as a judicial officer or 3-years standing as an advocate on the date of appearing for PGLCET 2019.
Candidates can apply through online mode. Candidates who wish to apply for Telangana LAWCET 2019 are requested to fill the particulars carefully in ONLINE APPLICATION. The required information should be collected from the relevant documents.
The lawcet key is to be released on today but so far not released. From the beginning it is a mess. For the first four days the fee uploading was wrong n aspirants have to apply again by paying fees.
As many as 6 qs are wrongly framed in pglawcet. The day October release of key is not adhered to. Very sorry state of affairs indeed.


text:
Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/zbw/vfsc19/203523.html
The Corporate Saving Glut and the Current Account in Germany
Klug, Thorsten
Mayer, Eric
Schuler, Tobias
Eric Mayer
Tobias Schuler
We investigate for Germany the positive correlation between the corporate savings glut in the non-financial corporate sector and the current account surplus from a capital account perspective. By employing sign restrictions our findings suggest that mostly labor market, world demand and financial friction shocks can account for the joint dynamics of excess corporate savings and the current account surplus. Private savings shocks, in contrast, cannot explain the correlation. We conclude that a corporate savings glut is a main driver of the current account surplus.
Klug, Thorsten & Mayer, Eric & Schuler, Tobias, 2019. "The Corporate Saving Glut and the Current Account in Germany," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy 203523, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
Handle: RePEc:zbw:vfsc19:203523
File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/203523/1/VfS-2019-pid-26849.pdf
Thorsten Klug & Eric Mayer & Tobias Schuler, 2018. "The Corporate Saving Glut and the Current Account in Germany," ifo Working Paper Series 280, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
Klug, Thorsten & Mayer, Eric & Schuler, Tobias, 2019. "The corporate saving glut and the current account in Germany," W.E.P. - Würzburg Economic Papers 100, University of Würzburg, Chair for Monetary Policy and International Economics.
Klug, Thorsten & Mayer, Eric & Schuler, Tobias, 2021. "The corporate saving glut and the current account in Germany," Working Paper Series 2586, European Central Bank.
Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Jan in't Veld & Lukas Vogel, 2015. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU Member States?," Economic Policy, CEPR;CES;MSH, vol. 30(81), pages 47-93.
Jan in't Veld & Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Lukas Vogel, 2014. "What drives the German current account? and how does it affect other EU member states?," Globalization Institute Working Papers 176, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Jan in't Veld & Lukas Vogel, 2014. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU member states?," CAMA Working Papers 2014-35, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Jan in'tVeld & Lukas Vogel, 2014. "What Drives the German Current Account ?And How Does It Affect Other EU Member States ?," Working Papers ECARES ECARES 2014-20, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
In 'T Veld, Jan & Kollmann, Robert & Ratto, Marco & Roeger, Werner & Vogel, Lukas, 2014. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU member states?," CEPR Discussion Papers 9933, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Jan in't Veld & Lukas Vogel, 2015. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU member states?," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/259411, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
Vogel, Lukas & Kollmann, Robert & Ratto, Marco & Roeger, Werner & in 't Veld, Jan, 2015. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU Member States?," VfS Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy 112810, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
Robert Kollmann & Marco Ratto & Werner Roeger & Jan in't Veld & Lukas Vogel, 2014. "What drives the German current account? And how does it affect other EU member states?," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 516, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
Uhlig, Harald, 2005. "What are the effects of monetary policy on output? Results from an agnostic identification procedure," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 381-419, March.
Uhlig, H.F.H.V.S., 1999. "What are the Effects of Monetary Policy on Output? Results from an Agnostic Identification Procedure," Discussion Paper 1999-28, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
Uhlig, Harald, 1999. "What are the Effects of Monetary Policy on Output? Results from an Agnostic Identification Procedure," CEPR Discussion Papers 2137, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
Dedola, Luca & Rivolta, Giulia & Stracca, Livio, 2017. "If the Fed sneezes, who catches a cold?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(S1), pages 23-41.
Luca Dedola & Giulia Rivolta & Livio Stracca, 2016. "If the Fed Sneezes, Who Catches a Cold?," NBER Chapters, in: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2016, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Dedola, Luca & Rivolta, Giulia & Stracca, Livio, 2017. "If the Fed sneezes, who catches a cold?," Working Paper Series 2050, European Central Bank.
Mr. JaeBin Ahn & Mai Chi Dao & Konrad Adler, 2019. "Innovation and Corporate Cash Holdings in the Era of Globalization," IMF Working Papers 2019/017, International Monetary Fund.
Enders, Zeno & Müller, Gernot J. & Scholl, Almuth, 2011. "How do fiscal and technology shocks affect real exchange rates?: New evidence for the United States," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(1), pages 53-69, January.
Enders, Zeno & Müller, Gernot J. & Scholl, Almuth, 2008. "How do fiscal and technology shocks affect real exchange rates? New evidence for the United States," CFS Working Paper Series 2008/22, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
Enders, Zeno & Müller, Gernot & Scholl, Almuth, 2010. "How do Fiscal and Technology Shocks affect Real Exchange Rates? New Evidence for the United States," CEPR Discussion Papers 7732, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
Stephan Danninger & Fred Joutz, 2008. "What Explains Germany's Rebounding Export Market Share?," CESifo Economic Studies, CESifo, vol. 54(4), pages 681-714, December.
Stephan Danninger & Fred Joutz, 2007. "What Explains Germany's Rebounding Export Market Share?," CESifo Working Paper Series 1957, CESifo.
Mr. Frederick L Joutz & Mr. Stephan Danninger, 2007. "What Explains Germany's Rebounding Export Market Share?," IMF Working Papers 2007/024, International Monetary Fund.
Albonico, Alice & Calès, Ludovic & Cardani, Roberta & Croitorov, Olga & Ferroni, Filippo & Giovannini, Massimo & Hohberger, Stefan & Pataracchia, Beatrice & Pericoli, Filippo & Raciborski, Rafal & Rat, 2017. "The Global Multi-Country Model (GM): an Estimated DSGE Model for the Euro Area Countries," Working Papers 2017-10, Joint Research Centre, European Commission (Ispra site).
Alice Albonico & Ludovic Calés & Roberta Cardani & Olga Croitorov & Fabio Di Dio & Filippo Ferroni & Massimo Giovannini & Stefan Hohberger & Beatrice Pataracchia & Filippo Pericoli & Philipp Pfeiffer , 2019. "The Global Multi-Country Model (GM): An Estimated DSGE Model for Euro Area Countries," European Economy - Discussion Papers 2015 - 102, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
Fiorella De Fiore & Harald Uhlig, 2015. "Corporate Debt Structure and the Financial Crisis," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 47(8), pages 1571-1598, December.
Harald Uhlig & Fiorella De Fiore, 2012. "Corporate Debt Structure and the Financial Crisis," 2012 Meeting Papers 429, Society for Economic Dynamics.
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Current account; corporate savings; macro shocks.;
E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
F45 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Macroeconomic Issues of Monetary Unions
NEP-OPM-2019-11-04 (Open Economy Macroeconomics)
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Septage fee | DCWD to pass to consumers the cost for treatment plant
By Julianne Suarez on May 26, 2019
The city government and the Davao City Water District (DCWD) are seeking the favorable recommendation of the City Council for the construction of Septage Treatment Plant (SpTP).
This is in connection to City Ordinance No. 0363-10, Series of 2013, otherwise known as the Septage and Sewerage Management Ordinance, which requires the body's recommendation.
Based on the MOA, the DCWD will bear the entire costs in the construction of the SpTP and will shoulder the operations and maintenance cost of the same.
But the DCWD will impose a Septage Management Fee (SMF) to its consumers.
The measure declares the city would "adopt and implement a comprehensive and integrated septage and sewerage management program, which shall among others, reduce, if not eliminate, the prevalence of waterborne and excreta-related diseases and pollution in bodies of water and encourage greater public-private partnership."
The establishment of the program aims to reduce the pollution attributed to untreated septage discharge to protect the water resource, to improve water quality, sanitation and public health conditions, and provide efficient and affordable septage desludging services initially to existing DCWD customers.
The City Council is set to discuss the measure, particularly the imposition of the SMF.
Once approved, the SMF will be added to DCWD customers' monthly water bill that is computed as a uniform price per cubic meter of water consumed. Also, the total monthly basic rate for the first 10 cubic meters of water consumption with the added SMF will not exceed 5% of the average monthly income of the low-income-group families in DCWD's franchise area.
Meanwhile, for non-DCWD customers, the septage collection and treatment will be handled by DCWD and will be done on a per job order basis where households will pay SMF to DCWD on a "pay-per-service" scheme.
Julianne Suarez


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Geminare has signed an OEM deal to provide value-added cloud services to Iron Mountain's LiveVault storage cloud offering.
Under the new relationship, customers of Iron Mountain's LiveVault service can take advantage of one of two disaster recovery technologies from Geminare, said Joshua Geist, CEO and founder of Toronto-based Geminare.
The first is Cloud Recovery for LiveVault, which offers real-time replication of mission-critical data and applications to virtual servers in the cloud, Geist said. It handles the backing up of data, and uses continual data protection (CDP) to keep the backups up-to-date. Should customers experience a planned or unplanned system outage, they can continue operations, he said.
The other is Virtual Server Rapid Recovery for LiveVault, which provides faster recovery to stand-by, restore-ready virtual servers in a cloud for customers who use their own data protection software, he said.
The combination of either Cloud Recovery or Virtual Server Rapid Recovery plus cloud-based virtual servers allows for very high-performance disaster recovery, Geist said.
"We've had users who lost connectivity to their SAN and not realize they were running on virtual machines," he said. "This kind of performance is done via our Virtual Network Operations Center offering which automatically monitors the virtual machines, sends out alerts about changes, does reports, and offers a full view of the virtual machines."
The new Iron Mountain partnership is the latest OEM relationship for Geminare, which also counts Nexus, Quest, CA, and Hosting.com as cloud storage partners.
The new partnership also indicates that Iron Mountain, which last month surprised cloud storage watchers by closing its public storage cloud offerings, is still active in the market with its LiveVault service.
Iron Mountain last month said it planned to exit the public cloud storage business by ending its Virtual File Store cloud-based file service and its Archive Service Platform cloud archiving business over the next year or so.
However, Iron Mountain also said that its other cloud storage businesses, including LiveVault and Connected Backup, will remain available to customers.
Iron Mountain's LiveVault service, based on its 2005 acquisition of LiveVault, is a cloud-based backup and recovery service. Connected Backup for PC is a service which backs up and protects data from all of a customer's PCs.
Geist said he is confident that Iron Mountain's LiveVault service will continue to be available far into the foreseeable future whether it remains a part of that company or is someday spun out.
"There's an extremely large number of customers using it," he said. "Regardless of whether it remains part of Iron Mountain or not, it will be the same service."
Solution providers looking to provide cloud-based protection for customers can work with Iron Mountain or any other Geminare partners to provide the value-added services of Cloud Recovery or Virtual Server Rapid Recovery, Geist said.
"We will continue to see the commoditization of cloud compute services, and it can be hard for VARs to add value on their own," he said. "But they can leverage technology like Cloud Recovery or Virtual Server Rapid Recovery to add value."


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You are here: Home 5. Publications
Research Area: Bluff body flows
S. Dhinakaran (2011). Heat transport from a bluff body near a moving wall at Re =100. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 54, 5444-5458. VIEW PDF
S. Bhattacharyya and S. Dhinakaran (2008). Vortex shedding in shear flow past tandem square cylinders in the vicinity of a plane wall. Journal of Fluids and Structures (Elsevier), 24, 400 - 417. VIEW PDF
S. Bhattacharyya, D.K. Maiti and S. Dhinakaran (2006). Influence of buoyancy on vortex shedding and heat transfer from a square cylinder in proximity to a wall. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A (Taylor & Francis). 50, 585 - 606. VIEW PDF
Research Area: Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media
K. Anirudh, and S. Dhinakaran (2020). Numerical study on performance improvement of a flat-plate solar collector filled with porous foam. Renewable Energy (Elsevier), 147, 1-14. (Link)
K. Anirudh, and S. Dhinakaran (2020). Performance improvement of a flat-plate solar collector by inserting intermittent porous blocks. Renewable Energy (Elsevier), 145, 428-441. (Link)
K. Anirudh, and S. Dhinakaran (2018). Effects of Prandtl number on the forced convection heat transfer from a porous square cylinder. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 126, 1358-1375. LINK
K. Anirudh, and S. Dhinakaran (2018). On the vortex shedding and unsteady flow past a two-dimensional porous square cylinder. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics (Elsevier), 179, 200-214.
T.R. Vijaybabu, K. Anirudh, and S. Dhinakaran (2018). LBM simulations of unsteady flow and heat transfer from a diamond-shaped porous cylinder. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 130, 267 -283.
T.R. Vijaybabu, K. Anirudh, and S. Dhinakaran (2018). Lattice Boltzmann simulations of flow and heat transfer from a permeable triangular cylinder under the influence of aiding buoyancy. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 117, 899 - 917.
T.R. Vijaybabu, K. Anirudh and S. Dhinakaran (2017). Mixed convective heat transfer from a permeable square cylinder: A lattice Boltzmann analysis. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 115, 854 - 870. VIEW PDF
S. Dhinakaran and J. Ponmozhi (2011). Heat transfer from a permeable square cylinder to a flowing fluid. Energy Conversion and Management (Elsevier), 52(5), 2170-2182. VIEW PDF
S. Bhattacharyya and S. Dhinakaran (2006). Fluid motion around and through a porous cylinder. Chemical Engineering Science (Elsevier), 61, 4451-4461. VIEW PDF
Research Area: Nanofluids
T.R. Vijaybabu and S. Dhinakaran (2019). MHD natural convection around a permeable triangular cylinder inside a square enclosure filled with Al2O3 − H2O nanofluid: An LBM study, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences (Elsevier), 153-154, 500-516.
R.D.S. Kumar and S. Dhinakaran (2017). Heat transfer and particle migration in nanofluid flow around a circular bluff body using a two-way coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 115, 282 - 293 VIEW PDF
R.D.S. Kumar and S. Dhinakaran (2017). Effective viscosity of nanofluids — A modified Krieger–Dougherty model based on particle size distribution (PSD) analysis. Journal of Molecular Liquids (Elsevier), 225, 20 - 27. VIEW PDF
R.D.S. Kumar and S. Dhinakaran (2017). Forced convective heat transfer of nanofluids around a circular bluff body with the effects of slip velocity using a multiphase mixture model. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (Elsevier), 106, 816-828. VIEW PDF
R.D.S. Kumar and S. Dhinakaran (2016). Nanofluid flow and heat transfer around a circular cylinder: A study on effects of uncertainties in effective properties. Journal of Molecular Liquids (Elsevier), 223, 572 - 588. VIEW PDF
R.D.S. Kumar and S. Dhinakaran (2016). A multilevel homogenization model for the thermal conductivity of nanofluids based on Particle Size Distribution (PSD) analysis, Powder Technology (Elsevier), 301, 310 - 317. VIEW PDF
Research Area: Non-Newtonian Fluid mechanics
S. Dhinakaran, M.S.N. Oliveira, F.T. Pinho and M.A. Alves (2013). Steady flow of power-law fluids in a 1:3 sudden expansion. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics (Elsevier), 198, 48-58.
S. Dhinakaran, A.M. Afonso, M.A. Alves and F.T. Pinho (2010). Steady flow of viscoelastic fluids between parallel plates under electro-osmotic forces: Phan-Thien-Tanner model. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (Elsevier), 344, 513 - 520.


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11 cars buyers sell within the first year
Posted 8:13 AM, January 5, 2018, by Tribune Media Wire, Updated at 08:12AM, January 5, 2018
The end of the year is a popular time to shop for a new car. With new models on the lots, price reductions on current models, and a number of big sales events around Thanksgiving and Christmas, it's a great time of year to trade up.
However, just like any big purchase, the purchase of a new vehicle can trigger a sense of buyer's remorse, and some may be starting the new year with a car they wish they didn't own.
In a new study, automotive research firm iSeeCars.com discovered that while, on average, just 1.5% of new cars are resold within the first year, popular luxury models from BMW and Mercedes-Benz are given up at much higher rates.
To determine which models are being put back on the market most quickly, researchers at iSeeCars.com analyzed more than 24 million new car sales over the past two years. They found that eleven models in particular are reselling at rates two times higher than that of the average vehicle.
The immediate takeaway might be to avoid these vehicles altogether; however, a high resale rate doesn't necessarily indicate a vehicle is a "lemon." Rather, it is a reflection of the vehicle not meeting consumers' expectations. And the fact that these almost new cars are being resold less than a year after their initial purchase represents a great opportunity for bargain shoppers. Almost all of these cars see a used discount that's higher than the average 12.7%.
Here are the cars buyers sell most frequently within the first year of ownership.
iSeeCars.com analyzed more than 24 million car sales that occurred in calendar years 2015 and 2016. Only model years 2015-2017 were considered. A vehicle was considered resold if it was listed and sold on the used market between 4 and 12 months after its initial sell date based on iSeeCars' VIN history reports. Each model's resale rate was calculated as the number of vehicles that were resold divided by the number of new vehicle sales for that model. To improve relevancy, models with fewer than 50,000 new vehicle sales were excluded. Additionally, new cars with more than 500 miles and used cars with fewer than 4,000 miles were also excluded.
Photo Credit: iSeeCars.com
11. Nissan Versa
1st Year Resale Rate: 3.2%
Difference from Avg. Resale Rate: 2.1X higher
Avg. Price (New): $14,894
Avg. Price (Used): $12,800
Used Discount: 14.1%
10. Subaru WRX
Avg. Price (New):
Used Discount: 6.2%
9. Chrysler 200
8. Mercedes E-Class
7. BMW 4 Series
6. BMW X3
5. Dodge Dart
4. Nissan Versa Note
3. Mercedes C-Class
Used Discount: 18%
Topics: buying, cars, selling, vehicles
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