text:
Poster Session 1629
Transportation Equity: Cross-Cutting Poster Session
Tuesday 3:45 PM- 5:30 PM
Gloria Jeff, Minnesota Department of Transportation,
Andrea d'Amato, Massachusetts Department of Transportation,
Steven Farber, University of Toronto
Standing Committee on Social and Economic Factors of Transportation (ADD20)
Joint Subcommittee on Transportation Equity of ADD50, ADD20, ADD40, ABC10, ABE30, ABE60, ADA60, and AP025 (ADD50(2))
Standing Committee on Environmental Justice in Transportation (ADD50)
Standing Committee on Transportation and Sustainability (ADD40)
Standing Committee on Strategic Management (ABC10)
Standing Committee on Transportation Issues in Major Cities (ABE30)
Standing Committee on Accessible Transportation and Mobility (ABE60)
Standing Committee on Public Involvement in Transportation (ADA60)
Standing Committee on Public Transportation Planning and Development (AP025)
So Many Different Things Open Up to a Person Who Is Mobile: Subsidizing Car Ownership for Low-Income Individuals and Households
Nicholas Klein, Cornell University
Show Abstract View Presentation
For poor households in the United States, access to a subsidized automobile can lead to economic and social mobility. I interviewed 30 individuals living in Maryland and Virginia who received subsidized cars from a nonprofit organization to examine how their lives changed when they received a subsidized car. Having a car eased their daily travel and allowed them to transition to better-paying jobs, helped them move to neighborhoods with more opportunities, and enabled them and their children to participate more fully in school-related activities.
Examining the Feasibility of Shared Mobility Programs for Reducing Transportation Inequities: Perspectives from the Frontline
Sarah Robinson, University of Texas, Arlington
Courtney Cronley, University of Tennessee
Kyung Hyun, University of Texas, Arlington
Farah Naz, University of Texas, Arlington
Shared mobility services, such as car-share and ride-hail programs, have become increasingly popular with the rise of the share economy, which allows community members the opportunity to share lodging and vehicles. Researchers have suggested that shared mobility services could reduce transportation inequities among environmental justice (EJ) populations, given their ability to reduce the need for a personal vehicle. However, research indicates that low income individuals are less likely than higher income individuals to utilize car-share and ride-hail services for their transportation needs. The perspectives of providers of transportation resources for low income communities of shared mobility services could reveal important implications for the use of these services among EJ population. We have yet to assess how those responsible for disseminating shared mobility services to EJ populations perceive these resources, though. To address this gap, researchers interviewed 28 community agency service providers and transportation experts to discover their experiences with and perceptions of car-share and ride-hail programs as a resource for EJ populations. Researchers analyzed the qualitative data and four themes emerged about providers perceptions of shared mobility services: not there yet for car-share, affordability, perceived inconvenience due to misconceptions, and technological barriers. Overall, providers were relatively unfamiliar with shared mobility services, particularly car-share programs, which led to misconceptions about the feasibility of their use in low income communities. This study reveals importance implications for transportation providers and shared mobility companies to increase mobility among EJ populations and decrease transportation inequities in low income communities.
How (Should) We Evaluate Demand Responsive Transit's Impact on Transport Equity?: A Systematic Review.
Benjamin Kaufman, Griffith University
Matthew Burke, Griffith University
Abraham Leung, Griffith University
Demand responsive transport (DRT) has been touted as a panacea for suburban public transport woes, providing efficient service in low-density environments. A review of the DRT literature published in English language journals identified 29 papers that examined the effect of these services on social equity. All studies examined the impact of age on DRT usage, while disability (25 papers) and gender (15 papers) were major interests. This research was predominantly completed in the Anglosphere, with the UK (34%), the US (31%), and Australia (14%) dominant. While DRT can take many forms, there is limited research into the best ways to provide these services in various environments to best promote social equity. That said, DRT services generally increase the quality of life for the disadvantaged served in suburban and rural areas, where it has been implemented. A research agenda based on the results of this study suggests ways forward to improve understanding of equity outcomes from DRT service provision.
Autonomous Vehicles and Social Exclusion: Analyzing Residents' Potential In-Vehicle Activities Through the Lens of Equity
Haotian Zhong, Texas A&M University, College Station
Wei Li, Texas A&M University, College Station
Mark Burris, Texas A&M University
Alireza Talebpour, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign
Kumares Sinha, Purdue University
Autonomous vehicle (AV) technologies are expected to reshape travel behavior by enabling more productive or enjoyable uses of travel time. Interests regarding how AVs will impact mobility, and the subsequent broader social impacts are growing. However, few studies have investigated individuals' in-vehicle activities during AV travel and implications to the daily activity participation of individuals from different socio-economic backgrounds. To address this gap, we collected 19,921 in-vehicle activity choices from 1,881 respondents in small and medium-sized metropolitan areas of the United States. We use ordered logit regression models to examine the determinants of potential engagement in-vehicle activities. Then, we draw upon time geography and distributive justice theories to assess the equity effects of the in-vehicle activities. Our results confirm that in-vehicle activities can provide more opportunities for daily activity participation, but the distribution of the benefits is unequal. This study offers implications for understanding the social impacts of AVs and the future development of measures for equity analysis.
Pitfalls in the Measurement of Transport Inequalities and Transport Poverty
Alex Karner, University of Texas, Austin
Rafael Pereira, Instituto de Pesquisa Economica Aplicada
Public transit equity is an increasingly sought after--but contested--outcome of transportation planning and policy efforts. Many transit agencies around the world are restructuring their bus networks to provide more high-frequency routes while cutting peripheral service. Despite their increasing popularity, no standard equity analysis approach has been used. As in other areas of public transit equity analysis, agencies are free to design and execute equity analyses using various data sources and analytical approaches. This freedom has led to conflict around the impacts of redesigns on disadvantaged populations. The need for standard approaches is clear, but so is the need for critical reflection. In this paper, we review two popular approaches for assessing equity in public transit service: Gini coefficients/Lorenz curves, and needs-gap approaches. Both are widely used in the literature and practice, both are undergirded by theories of justice that are rarely articulated, but both embody substantial shortcomings that must be adequately addressed in order to derive meaning from their results. No work to date has critically engaged with these methods to question their underlying assumptions or to examine and interrogate their outputs and implications. Researchers and practitioners must apply both methods carefully if the results are to be meaningful and relevant to transportation planning and decision making.
Nationwide Examination of the Spatial Mismatch Conditions Across the 100 Largest Metropolitan Areas in the United States
Yunlei Qi, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
Socioeconomic context of spatial mismatch has changed evidently after 2000, and so does the spatial mismatch across the nation. To examine the national-wide spatial mismatch conditions in the United States, an auto or transit accessibility-based dissimilarity index (ADIs) is applied to measure the spatial mismatch extent for different worker groups in the largest 100 metropolitan areas across the nation. The results suggest a severer spatial mismatch problem for black workers based on both auto and transit accessibility than white and other worker groups in almost all large metropolitan areas (MSAs). The problem is severer in the MSAs located in the Western, and the gaps of the spatial mismatch conditions between black and white workers are larger when the metropolitan size becomes smaller. In the meantime, the results do not provide evidence for the spatial mismatch problem met by low-wage workers. Instead, high-wage workers seem to have higher ADIs based on transit accessibility than others do, and this could result from their self-selection of living in suburban neighborhoods, where the transit accessibility is limited.
Social Perception and Holistic Assessment of Bus Rapid Transit in Soweto
Maria Vanderschuren, University of Cape Town
Lerato Molefe, University of Cape Town
Alison Gwynne-Evans, University of Cape Town
In 2009 the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) highlighted the importance of government investment in energy efficient, pollution reducing transport modes and infrastructure. This policy specifically recommended the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system as a transport mode to help achieve the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). BRT is an innovative, bus-based system that integrates the high efficiency of a rail system and the low cost of a bus network. BRT was first developed and implemented in Curitiba, Brazil, in 1974. After the successful adaptation and implementation of the BRT system in Latin America, South Africa saw the planning and implementation of the first BRT systems during the early 2000s, in preparation for the Soccer World Cup in 2010. The first BRT system, named Rea Vaya, meaning "we are going", commenced in 2009, connecting the South Western Township (Soweto) to Johannesburg. A decade after the services started, this paper takes stock of the impacts that the implementation of the Rea Vaya BRT system has had on Soweto residents. A combination of the analysis of secondary economic and environmental data and primary social data provided information to conduct a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA). Aggregating phase one and two of Rea Vaya implementation results in a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of R693m, and a Benefit/Cost-Ratio (BCR) of 1.09. The MCA identifies additional social benefits, giving the BRT a clear advantage over the use of minibus (van) taxis.
Political, Social, and Spatial Borders to Formalization: A Case Study of East Jerusalem
Tamara Kerzhner, University of California, Berkeley
The choice of the state to regulate and reform private-sector or 'informal' public transport services always holds a political element, hand in hand with a prevalent rhetoric of technical progress and efficiency. In Jerusalem, a divided city where Israeli authorities control service and infrastructure provision for an occupied Palestinian population with extremely limited democratic voice and a long history of resistance, mundane municipal questions are frequently points of national and international tension and violence. In this light, this paper examines the gradual, long term process of formalization undertaken by Israeli authorities of East Jerusalem's informal transport systems between 1998 and the present day. The motivations of state actors as well as the adaptation and reaction by the Palestinian transport operators speak to broader questions of the interaction between state regulation and informal systems. Going beyond the financial viability of the system, it is shown that local histories and cultures as well as differences in the manner of approaching business and contract relationships continue to affect the outcomes of the process. While many elements of transport have seen substantial improvement, others have remained notably stymied – in particular, the continuing persistence of long-established route networks, slowness in adapting technologies, and difficulty in forming large firms out of atomized operators.
Vision Zero Hashtags in Social Media: Understanding End-User Needs from Natural Language Processing
Subasish Das, Texas A&M Transportation Institute
Kartikeya Jha, Texas A&M University
Anandi Dutta, Ohio State University
Vision Zero is a global traffic safety policy which promotes road safety by advocating the shared responsibility of designers, policymakers, and road users to work toward the goal of nullifying preventable fatalities and severe injuries caused by man-made errors. This paper investigates the use of the hashtag #VisionZero on Twitter, a popular microblogging platform, to understand public needs and requirements, identify innovative and context-sensitive solutions, and facilitate the exchange of ideas and best practices. Textual content from about 32,000 unique tweets was analyzed using opinion mining, network cluster analysis, and exploratory visual analyses to identify the significance, frequency, and patterns of word strings to examine the relevance of needs for several different focus areas within Vision Zero. Results reveal interesting trends, contexts, and patterns with regard to user reactions to road safety needs, issues, and solutions. This research can help decision-makers in identifying and anticipating the most relevant demands and pressing requirements for different individual areas of interest. Several U.S. cities, Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs), and states have embraced the Vision Zero strategy. This paves the way for a bigger role for the Vision Zero approach in global road safety efforts aimed at achieving results set forth in the Decade of Action for Road Safety in the coming years.
Developing a Census Block Level Accessibility Measure for St. Louis Metropolitan Area
Amir Poorfakhraei, East West Gateway Council of Governments
Brenden Giblin, East West Gateway Council of Governments
Ajdin Hamzagic, East West Gateway Council of Governments
Simon Court, Basemap Ltd
Lubna Shoaib, East-West Gateway Council of Governments
This study is an effort to develop an accessibility measure for St. Louis Metropolitan Area. Accessibility measures are commonly calculated at the Traffic Analysis Zone (zones) level, due to computational burden and data limitations. Zones, however, are generally large and prevent from evaluating accessibility at a finer scale. This paper utilizes improved computation capacity and demonstrates the potential for higher resolution analysis through the use of census blocks as the spatial unit. A gravity based accessibility measure is defined to estimate walk and transit accessibility score to Points of Interest (POIs). The scores are visualized on maps to compare accessibility for the entire region. The higher resolution provides us with the opportunity to identify low accessibility hot-spots that were not identifiable using large zones as the unit of analysis. The approach proposed in this study can be replicated in most other metropolitan areas. The approach can be implemented in scenario analysis to evaluate the impacts of change in land use, transit service, and transportation network on accessibility. The results can also be used along with the socio-economic data to study vulnerable population
Who Benefits from Autonomous Vehicles (AVs)?: Equity Aspects of AV Policies in a Full-Scale Prototype Cities
BAT HEN NAHMIAS BIRAN, Ariel University
Jimi Oke, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Nishant Kumar, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet
Arun Akkinepally, Caliper Corporation
Carlos Lima Azevedo, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet
Joseph Ferreira, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
P. Christopher Zegras, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Moshe Ben-Akiva, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
While researchers stressed the potential of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) technology in improving mobility and accessibility for a range of people, only a few attempts have been made to examine the impact of this new technology on different segments of the population in a realistic setting using a large-scale examination. This paper analyzes equity considerations of Automated Mobility on Demand (AMoD) scenarios in three full scale prototype cities using the stat-of-the-art SimMobility simulator. Equity analysis was performed at the individual and segment level, under two scenarios: (1) AMoD Intro , which is a low-cost AMoD service, and (2) AMoD Transit Integration , which is a complementary service to mass transit, in the form of access/egress connectivity service to public transport stations. Induced demand by age and income groups, mode share by income levels, individual km travel by different modes, and income levels, and special distribution of change in fare and accessibility, were examined and discussed. Results indicate that in a very large, population-dense and transit-oriented cities, the most equity-oriented outcomes can be achieved, due to extensive public transport usage, which depress car usage and restrict AMoD induced demand. Such cities provide greater opportunities for low income groups. Specifically, the AMoD Transit Integration scenario results in the best outcomes, as disadvantage groups such as children and low-income individuals, were able to travel more using the mass transit connectivity service.
Adoption and Use of One-Way Carsharing in Oakland, California: A Spatial, Demographic, and Equity Analysis
Alexandra Pan, University of California, Berkeley
Elliot Martin, University of California, Berkeley
Susan Shaheen, University of California, Berkeley
Despite existing work on carsharing and equity of access and use for low-income communities, there is limited understanding of the individuals who are using carsharing, and how their usage patterns may differ from other users. This study explores the demographics, spatial, and use dynamics of members of GIG Car Share, a one-way carsharing service in the San Francisco Bay Area, using a survey of GIG users in Oakland conducted in January 2018 (n=218) and a general Oakland population survey conducted in April 2019 (n=67). The overall findings on user demographics are similar to previous findings from City CarShare and car2go; 62% of our sample was Caucasian and 41% earned an annual household income of more than $100,000. We also found that respondents had higher incomes relative to others with the same racial/ethnic background. A spatial analysis of respondent home locations found that 26% reside in disadvantaged communities in Oakland. However, the demographics of these respondents were not representative of their neighbors. Meanwhile, the travel behavior of respondents did not differ between income levels. Although there were more low-income zero vehicle households than high-income, usage of public transit was similar, as well as use of and trip purposes for GIG. On average, respondents used GIG once a month and drove 20 miles a month. These findings suggest that the distinguishing characteristic of the carsharing member is not income but possibly travel behavior. People sign up for GIG for similar reasons and use the service similarly, regardless of income or race/ethnicity.


Title says it all. Long range forecast looks okay, no one has offered to draw & quarter me yet, so we are going ahead with next weekend, April 8th & 9th.
For the XC guys who can't make it April 8th, there is the option of contacting me and doing worker points before the event( like this Sunday). For the GP guys I am sorry, but you were supposed to race on April 9th, and we will race April 9th, just not in the watery mud at the Ridge.
Saturday XC schedule is 10:00am for short course ( 60+, both 50+ classes, Jr.experts, women, beginners, sportsman). 1 1/2 hrs plus one lap.
12:00 start for everyone else( AA, open expert& amatuer, 250 expert & amateur, 30+ expert & amateur, 40+ expert & amateur) 2 1/2 hrs plus one lap.
5 MILES PER HOUR IN THE PITS! Radar monitored. 5 minute penalty for speeding.
Sunday schedule is 10:00 for Jr.A, Jr B, Jr. C . 30 minutes for A&B's, 20 minutes for C's.
If you need a transponder, email Debbie at OTBG2@gorge.net and she can pre-burn it and have it ready with your OMRA number. If you are not OMRA, she can assign you a number. Bowing to financial pressures, we are going to have to charge $5 for the transponder this year. Reburning new numbers is free.
Gate fees are $10 for 8 & above.
Race fees are still $35 for all , $25 for the Junior A, B, C's. Junior experts are $35.


text:
Belfast Harbour Commissioners to take World's Largest Hydraulic Crane
Published on: October 18, 2018 Published in: Company News
Cooper Specialised Handling has released details of a contract award for the supply of a new Mantsinen 300M – the world's largest hydraulic crane – to Belfast Harbour.
Belfast Harbour is Northern Ireland's principal maritime gateway and logistics hub, serving the Northern Ireland economy and increasingly that of the Republic of Ireland. Around 70% of Northern Ireland's and 20% of the entire island's seaborne trade pass through the Harbour. Last year the port reported nearly 24 million tonnes of commodities handled.
Belfast Harbour had previously acquired a 160M Mantsinen in 2016 and it is largely by virtue of the performance of this that opportunities for a larger machine of the same type and scope were identified.
It also means that Belfast Harbour will retake the status of owning the largest hydraulic crane in the UK and Ireland having briefly held that accolade with the 160M before Mantsinen supplied a larger 200M to a customer in Liverpool. At 370 tonnes gross weight, the 300M comfortably makes it the largest machine of its type.
The crane's specification is to be a multi-handling tool for the wide variety of cargoes and vessels visiting the port. Supplied with a 17.5m boom and 15m stick, the machine sits on an 8m high slewing-ring. It will have the capacity to handle 30 tonne coils from the far side of a vessel as well as tackling larger vessels up to 36,000 tonnes gross weight.
Commenting on the new supply, David Cooper, Director, Cooper Specialised Handling, said:
"Belfast Harbour should be congratulated on its vision for this type of handling. In the past, rope-styled cranes were the only type of equipment that could handle these cargoes and larger vessels, but that has changed as the 300M encroaches deeper into traditional rope-crane territory.
"The faster productivity, precise control plus the ability to handle the product directly without the need of slinging in the hold brings huge operational advantages."
Trevor Anderson, Operations Director, Belfast Harbour, added:
"The 160M has already proven that this style of machine has a place at the port handling the huge variety of vessels and cargoes which we manage. We look forward to exploiting the extra capacity, longer reach and overall versatility that the 300M will bring to our cargo-handling portfolio."
The machine benefits from a wheeled under-carriage with six axles and 24-wheels, plus an intermediate, mid-mounted service platform. This enables the operator to park it in any position and eliminates the need to align the rotating upper with the fixed lower structure.
The 300M will be supplied with the patented second-generation Hybrilift system which activates stored energy-recovery by pulling at the boom-head to complement the main lift cylinders pushing from below. The order also includes 10 and 12 cubic metre clamshell grabs, a lifting hook for project-lifts up to 50 tonnes lift as well as a hydraulic coil pincer for handling 30 tonne coils.
The 300M is due to arrive in spring 2019. The contract value has not been disclosed.
To keep up to date with Cooper Handling's latest News please follow, tweet, link or like @CooperSHGroup
Operating in all sectors of heavy lifting across the UK and Ireland, Cooper Specialised Handling is the exclusive UK distributor for SveTruck, RAM Spreaders, Telestack bulk material handling conveying systems and Sany mobile handling equipment, sole UK importer and exclusive distributor for Mantsinen cranes, Movella Translifters, TEC Containers and a long-term specialist in Konecranes lift trucks. The company, which celebrated 20 years in business in 2018, also has a dedicated after-sales division, Cooper Handling Solutions, which specialises in engineering support.
Independently owned, Cooper offers total solutions in both solids and bulk handling. Its customised solutions comprise high quality, high value products and reliable service for businesses operating in the most challenging heavy handling environments, including ports, freight handling, inter-modal terminals, manufacturing and other heavy lifting industries.
Belfast Harbour Commissioners Cooper Specialised Handling Mantsinen 300 World's Largest Hydraulic Crane

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For almost a decade our college's mission to train outstanding medical professionals has been carried out with a great success and the evidence is what we are today.
We are happy that we have been accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) of India with 'A' Grade in Nov 2015 that gives credentials to what we claim to be. Creativity and leadership are the qualities that we seek most in our prospective students as well as in our faculty, our administrators, and everyone else who has a hand in making our medical school the most reputed institution.
Now we are partnering with Partners Medical International for fostering innovations in curriculum delivery in both undergraduate and post graduate studies.
Evidence of our success in fostering creativity and leadership should be seen throughout this virtual gateway, which I believe reflects just some of the many ways in which these qualities have become ingrained in the culture of our institution and have come to define its excellence.
Our institute hospital an integral component of Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth is committed to delivering quality & safe tertiary level health care to the rural population.
Dedicated health professionals and well equipped, updated infrastructure in broad and super specialty departments under one roof complements the quality of health care and graduates training programs offered in our institute.
Contribution to research and participation in National Health Care programs are unique functions of our hospital. We are focused to expand further our services to remote villages within and outside the state of Puducherry.


text: Q: Intrinsic derivative exercise confusion I was told to compute $$\frac{\delta S_{\alpha}}{\delta t}$$ this equals $$\frac{\delta S_{\alpha}}{\delta t}=\frac{dS_{\alpha}(S,t)}{dt}-V^{\gamma}\Gamma^{\omega}_{\gamma\beta}S_{\omega}$$ $$=\frac{dS_\alpha}{dS^\beta}\frac{dS^\beta}{dt}-V^{\gamma}\Gamma^{\omega}_{\gamma\beta}S_{\omega}$$ $$=(\nabla_{\beta}S_\alpha+\Gamma^{\omega}_{\alpha\beta}S_{\omega})V^{\beta}-V^{\gamma}\Gamma^{\omega}_{\gamma\beta}S_{\omega}$$ $$=\nabla_{\beta}S_{\alpha}V^\beta+V^{\beta}\Gamma^{\omega}_{\alpha\beta}S_{\omega}-V^{\gamma}\Gamma^{\omega}_{\gamma\beta}S_{\omega}$$ $$=\nabla_{\beta}S_{\alpha}V^{\beta}$$ $$=NB_{\alpha\beta}V^\beta$$ $$=NV^{\beta}B_{\alpha\beta}$$. My question is what is the $$S_\alpha$$term, is it a tensor, vector field? The book did not specify what it was.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


ONLY A SHORT 15 MIN. DRIVE FROM TOWN, BUT A BEAUTIFUL WORLD AWAY, this elegant, Trilogy Country Club Oreas model 2/3 BR -3BA with mountain view and private pool and spa with low maintenance yard is move-in ready. The 2BR + den and formal DR (either could be used for a 3rd BR) will stun you with its beauty. Fully remodeled with your luxury in mind, you will enjoy new Travertine flooring, granite slab counters in kitchen, dual MBA granite vanities, new bedroom carpeting, upgraded ceiling fans, recessed counter lighting, wood plantation shutters, phantom screen doors. The kitchen offers stainless appliances, dual islands and will delight any cook with its Viking professional series range with convection oven, and hood. Featuring majestic arches and 10ft. ceilings the great room and the bay window casual dining nook overlook the contemplative Pebble Tec pool/spa with mountain view, covered patio with fan and BBQ. Enjoy a cup of coffee and the newspaper from your mountain view front courtyard with rose garden. The large MBR enjoys a bay window and French door to the pool. Separate golf cart garage, or use as a studio, exercise room, or man cave. Make this beautiful house your home today. An impeccable home in an impeccable amenity filled community!
Open to residential or commercial properties. Prefer western half of U.S. Only U.S. properties considered.


Represents an actual database connection.
wrappers of methods in this class.
Usually instances of this class are created by :meth:`.GinoEngine.acquire`.
until a query API is called or :meth:`get_raw_connection` is called.
"""A SQLAlchemy compatibility attribute, don't use it for now, it bites."""
the dialect in use. May be ``None`` if self is a lazy connection.
Get the underlying database connection, acquire one if none present.
Returns the underlying database connection to its pool.
take up one database connection or even transaction for that long time.
connection will **not** be returned back to the pool.
connections depends on the given ``permanent`` value.
from the engine created this connection.
Runs the given query in database, returns all results as a list.
SQL string, or *any* SQLAlchemy query clauses.
database will be discarded and this method will return ``None``.
Runs the given query in database, returns the first result.
If the query returns no result, this method will return ``None``.
See :meth:`all` for common query comments.
Runs the given query in database, returns the query status.
database connection acquired if none was present.
connection will create a save point in the database.
Creates a server-side cursor in database for large query results.
Read more about how :class:`~gino.dialects.base.Cursor` works.
Similarly, this method takes the same parameters as :meth:`all`.
defined in another execution option ``model``. Default is ``True``.
:param model: Specifies the type of model instance to create on return.
multiple queries for that. ``None`` for no postprocessing (default).
this model is selected in the query.
:meth:`~gino.engine.GinoConnection.scalar` is a more direct way.
* A tuple nesting more loader expressions recursively.
object which is only present if nested else ``None``.
* A :class:`~gino.loader.Loader` instance directly.
of database connectivity and behavior.
Read-only access to the underlying database connection pool instance.
Acquire a connection from the pool.
happened to be a lazy one, then the reusing connection is lazy too.
only when needed. Default is ``False`` for always do it immediately.
acquire an underlying connection immediately.
connection which is only referenced once here.
Gets the most recently acquired reusable connection in the context.
``None`` if there is no such connection.
Close the engine, by closing the underlying pool.
The same applies for other query methods.
Runs :meth:`~.GinoConnection.status`. See also :meth:`.all`.
Borrows a new connection and starts a transaction with it.
:meth:`.GinoConnection.iterate` is executed and returned.


text:
Home Renewable Chemicals Consider Corn Challenge winners announced in Des Moines
Consider Corn Challenge winners announced in Des Moines
Rebecca Coons
In Iowa, the National Corn Growers Association has announced the winners of its second Consider Corn Challenge, an award handed out to technologies improving existing products in the marketplace with corn-based renewable materials. Each winner receives $50,000.
"Corn is a sustainable, abundant and affordable industrial feedstock that, as these companies have demonstrated, has myriad uses," said NCGA Director of Market Development Sarah McKay. "The winners of the Consider Corn Challenge will help America's corn farmers partner with industry to establish new uses of corn. This challenge continues to highlight the fact that U.S. corn is an extremely flexible feedstock for biobased products."
The three winners are ExoPolymer, Inc. (San Carlos, California), Sumatra Biorenewables, LLC (Ames, Iowa), and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service in Peoria, Illinois.
ExoPolymer is developing a new profile of customizable, polysaccharide-based hydrocolloids to fill performance gaps in healthcare, personal care, food, pharmaceutical and energy industries. Sumatra Biorenewables develops and produces monomers that are incorporated into polyamides and polyesters to provide uniquely valuable properties, including tensile strength and low water absorption. USDA Agricultural Research Service: National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, IL plans to use emulsifiers, polymer films and coatings made from corn starch and vegetable oil rather than petroleum, which could open the door to new products with a smaller environmental footprint.
the National Corn Growers Association
Previous articleNew Zealand professor developing bioplastic process from food waste
Next articleNestlé launches biodegradable snack bar wrapper
Kelp straw producer raises $6 million
Evonik acquires New Jersey phytochemical producer
Consortium aims to develop biobased rope for aquaculture
Mumbai researchers develop biobased food packaging films
French lab will advance plastic biorecycling technologies


Wij zijn gespecialiseerde Tas Dames Clutch fabrikanten en leveranciers / fabriek uit China. Groothandel Tas Dames Clutch met een hoge kwaliteit als een lage prijs / goedkoop, een van de toonaangevende merken van Tas Dames Clutch uit China, Shenzhen Olinb Bags Co., Ltd..
Wholesale Tas Dames Clutch from China, Need to find cheap Tas Dames Clutch as low price but leading manufacturers. Just find high-quality brands on Tas Dames Clutch produce factory, You can also feedback about what you want, start saving and explore our Tas Dames Clutch, We'll reply you in fastest.


Sorry guys, I haven't been ignoring you but eh, holidays. It is a RS Props model, aluminum barrel type. Thanks for the suggestions.
Somewhere on a troop, the muzzle piece on my blaster went missing. It is a open barrel ANH E11. Can someone point me in a good direction for a replacement?


text:
英語板対応スレ@Wiki
Malaysian sues Britain over ethnic Indians' woes
By Clarence Fernandez
KUALA LUMPUR (Reuters) - An ethnic Indian in Malaysia is using an audacious strategy to highlight the plight of his mostly impoverished community by suing Britain, the country's former colonial ruler, for $4 trillion.
The Malaysian government dismisses the case as baseless, but lawyer Waytha Moorthy is determined to pursue it, even vowing to appeal to Britain's Queen Elizabeth to appoint lawyers for the Indian community, which he says is too poor to find its own.
Moorthy wants Britain to pay damages of 1 million sterling ($2.06 million) to each of Malaysia's 2 million ethnic Indians for rights abuses he traces to colonial-era labor schemes that brought their ancestors to Malaysia as indentured workers.
"We are seeking compensation because we were permanently colonized during British rule, and now, under the government of the ethnic Malays," Moorthy told Reuters.
"We have lost touch with our roots and have been suppressed so far," said Moorthy, who accuses British officials of failing to honor their responsibility to protect ethnic Indians when they granted independence to Malaysia in 1957.
In colonial times, many impoverished Indians and Chinese flocked to work and settle in Malaysia, drawn by government schemes meant to attract cheap labor for the country's then lucrative rubber estates and tin mines, he added.
http://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSN2118021020071121
One criminal represent the nationality
82 名無しさん@英語勉強中 2007/03/31(土) 12:08:37
日本が犯した戦争犯罪等の国家犯罪じゃあるまいし
イギリス人の日本全体を非難する様な態度は一体何?
こいつら馬鹿か?
http://search.bbc.co.uk/cgi-bin/search/results.pl?tab=av&q=japan&recipe=all&scope=all&edition=i
http://news.bbc.co.uk/player/nol/newsid_6490000/newsid_6499700/6499737.stm?bw=nb&mp=wm
逆にそれ利用できるじゃん。
在日外国人はよく外国人犯罪報道を「外国人が皆犯罪者なわけではない(から騒ぐな)」って主張するけど
イギリスではたった一件の犯罪者によってその国の人全員を犯罪者扱いする。
Novel yanked from class
Handful of parents objected to content
By Chris Kenning
Eastern High student Leo Comerlato was just 30 pages from the end of Toni Morrison's classic novel "Beloved" when his teacher told him to stop reading.
Why? Because at least two parents had complained that the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel about antebellum slavery depicted bestiality, racism and sex -- inappropriate reading, they said, for 150 senior Advanced Placement English students.
So principal James Sexton ordered teachers to start over with "The Scarlet Letter," by Nathaniel Hawthorne, in preparation for upcoming AP exams that include questions on classic novels.
The decision last week outraged some parents and students.
Many parents "think it's just ridiculous," said Paula Wolf, a PTA member whose daughter is in the class. "That book has been read for several years."
Leo, 17, called it "censorship" and said "students are furious."
Sexton said he was trying to make the best of a difficult situation.
"People think I'm censoring, but I'm not," he said. "The only reason we stopped the discussion process is that we didn't have a good process to challenge books … they can finish it at home."
There is no procedure for challenging books before the school council, but Sexton said the council will create such a policy.
Normally students who object to books are assigned an alternative, Sexton said. But because the class had almost finished "Beloved" before complaints were raised, he said he wanted to spare a small number of students from being "ostracized" and having to study a new book.
Sexton wouldn't identify the parents who complained, and he said he's not ruling out that the book could be taught again.
Senior AP English teachers may choose from among 24 books ranging from Mark Twain's "Huckleberry Finn" to Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment." Students are supposed to read and discuss eight books by the time of the exams.
However, of "Beloved," Sexton said he believes "some of the language and some of the points made, from this principal's perspective, are hard to have in high school."
Sexton said that in 18 years, he's only had four complaints like the ones about "Beloved" -- and one of them was about a different Morrison novel.
"Beloved" is the story of an escaped slave haunted by memories of her murdered child. It portrays her plantation days and life after the Civil War.
Considered a classic of literature and written by one of America's foremost African-American women novelists, the book frequently has been challenged in schools across the country, partly because of its depiction of rapes, beatings and murders.
"At one point, it's talking about a plantation. And there's no females. So the men resort to bestiality," Leo Comerlato said, adding that he didn't object because "we're in a college-level class."
Last year, "Beloved" was among the top 10 most-challenged books in schools and libraries, mainly for its sexual content and offensive language, according to the American Library Association.
http://www.courier-journal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070328/NEWS01/703281201
Two-fifths think new Holocaust could happen in UK
Do No Evil – Forty-one percent of Britons believe that an event like the Holocaust could happen in the country today, given the depth of intolerance and prejudice, according to a new survey.
http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070122/wl_uk_afp/britainhistory_070122125729
http://donoevil.netscape.com/story/2007/01/25/two-fifths-think-new-holocaust-could-happen-in-uk/
Reality TV fracas causes uproar in Britain
Race and class issues play out in living color on 'Celebrity Big Brother.'
These are Britain's most troubling issues at a time of an unprecedented level of immigration and
a never-ending divide between rich and "common," and that is why the nasty, some say racist,
comments that fellow contestants directed at Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty have ignited protests in India and a record 30,000 viewer complaints.
Prime Minister Tony Blair was called to account in the House of Commons,
and a miserable-looking Gordon Brown, scheduled to take over as prime minister this year,
spoke out during a visit to India when officials there pondered a formal protest.
He said Britain should be "seen as a country of fairness and tolerance."
http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/tv/la-fg-bigbrother19jan19,1,3565717.story?ctrack=1&cset=true
A BRITISH man who vanished in 1999
after being charged with raping an eight-year-old girl has been found working as a teacher in Thailand.
Sean McMahon, 45, was accused of repeatedly forcing the child into sex over an 18-month period.
Teaching English has been a popular job for paedophiles in Asia because of minimal screening and ready access to children.
US child porn pervert John Mark Karr ? who last year claimed to be the killer of six-year-old beauty queen JonBenet Ramsey ? taught English in Bangkok.
He was dismissed as a sick fantasist after no evidence linked him to her death in Colorado in 1996.
Also last year, an Australian teaching English in Jakarta, Indonesia, was charged with molesting street children. He had videoed at least 50 teenage boys.
Another Australian teacher, facing sex allegations at home, killed himself last year in Indonesia, where he also faced abuse claims.
http://www.thesun.co.uk/article/0,,2-2007020588,00.html
Karaoke fight
By JANA WINTER and JAMIE SCHRAM
October 9, 2006 -- A group of thugs clubbed a young man to death in a Queens karaoke bar yesterday after he and a friend tried to stop a fight, cops said.
Junghwa Lee, 25, of Bayside had been partying with his friend and another pal at Pastel Karaoke on Northern Boulevard near 157th Street in Flushing when the pal got into a fight with a group of unidentified men, police said.
The instigator then suddenly fled, leaving Lee and his friend to face the group of angry men.
Lee and his 21-year-old partner attempted to calm the heated crowd, cops said.
But instead of being quelled, the men brandished bats and pipes and started beating up Lee and his friend, pummeling both in the head.
Lee, who has no criminal record, was taken to Flushing Hospital, where he died from the beating.
His friend was listed in stable condition at the same hospital.
The suspects fled the bar.
http://www.nypost.com/seven/10092006/news/regionalnews/karaoke_bar_fight_kills_one_regionalnews_jana_winter_and_jamie_schram.htm
Along stretches of Northern Boulevard in eastern Flushing, it is hard to walk a full block without passing the narrow entrance to a karaoke bar.
Often they are fronted with awnings lettered in both Korean and English and bearing cartoon characters with rhapsodic expressions. The bars rarely take up normal storefronts, located instead in basements and on upper floors.
Pastel Karaoke, on Northern Boulevard near 157th Street, is no different,
according to the police, a 25-year-old patron at Pastel tried to stop a fight on the sidewalk, but was beaten to death by a group of men.
As of last week, the police had arrested five men in a continuing investigation.
The killing, which took place across the street from St. Andrew Avellino Roman Catholic Church and school,
aroused a burst of anger from local residents and officials, and it was not the first to do so.
In 2004, two people were shot to death inside the Red Rose Club and Bar, another karaoke establishment in Flushing;
in 2001, a bouncer at a karaoke club on Main Street was stabbed in the chest.
"There's a lot of problems with the karaoke clubs," said Marilyn Bitterman, district manager of Community Board 7.
She said her office had received several complaints about bar patrons urinating and vomiting on nearby lawns.
Meanwhile, at Pastel Karaoke, things were quiet. A poster on the wall listed the top 150 favorite karaoke songs for the month, all in Korean, but not one of them could be heard.
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/12/nyregion/thecity/12kara.html
Leader of British far-right party acquitted of race-hate charges
The Associated PressPublished: November 10, 2006
LEEDS, England: The leader of Britain's far-right British National Party was acquitted Friday of stirring up racial hatred in a speech that labeled Islam a "wicked, vicious faith."
British National Party leader Nick Griffin was cleared by a jury at Leeds Crown Court in northern England. Another party member, Mark Collett, also was acquitted.
BNP supporters in the public gallery broke into tears and cheered as the verdict was announced. Dozens more BNP supporters and anti-fascist demonstrators held noisy rival rallies outside the courthouse, as they have throughout the weeklong trial.
Griffin, 46, had denied using words or behavior intended or likely to stir up racial hatred when he gave a speech at a pub in the northern English town of Keighley in January 2004.
Prosecutors based their case on recordings made for an undercover TV documentary showing a speech in which Griffith branded Islam wicked, labeled Britain a "multicultural hellhole" and claimed gangs of Asian Muslims were raping white youngsters.
http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2006/11/10/europe/EU_GEN_Britain_Far_Right_Party.php
More Britons are turning to terror, says MI5 director
1,600 suspects under surveillance
30 plots to kill, maim, damage
200 terror groups or networks
Hundreds of young British Muslims are being radicalised, groomed and set on a path to mass murder, the head of MI5 said yesterday.
In a stark public warning, Dame Eliza ManninghamBuller, the Director-General of MI5, revealed that the Security Service's caseload had risen by 80 per cent since January
and now involved about 30 "Priority 1" plots.
It has identified 200 terrorist networks involving at least 1,600 people,
many under the direct control of al-Qaeda leaders in Pakistan.
Gary Glitter Sentenced to Three Years In Jail For Molestation
03.03.2006 11:50 AM EST
Vietnamese court finds British singer guilty of sexually abusing two 11-year-old girls.
Glitter, who is best known for his towering pompadour haircut and the early '70s hit "Rock & Roll, Pt. 2,"
which is still widely used as a hype song at sporting events around the world.
The chief investigator in the case, Colonel Nguyen Duc Trinh, said he had recovered 2,231 images of child pornography from Glitter's computer
and 31 video clips, opening the way for prosecution by police in Britain if he ends up there after his deportation.
Glitter is a registered sex offender in Britain following a 1999 conviction on child pornography charges.
http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1525320/20060303/glitter_gary.jhtml?headlines=true
Britain's non-white population up 500,000
By Philip Johnston, Home Affairs Editor
The non-white British population grew by more than half a million between
2001 and 2003, according to official figures published yesterday.
Over the same period, the white British population fell by more than 100,000,
largely because of emigration and a low birth rate.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/01/27/npop27.xml&sSheet=/news/2006/01/27/ixhome.html</a
Britain probes "passports for sex" claims
LONDON (Reuters) - Britain launched a probe on Tuesday into a newspaper report that staff at the country's biggest immigration center were giving UK visas to attractive foreigners in return for sex.
A former employee told the Sun tabloid said that workers at the center in Croydon, south London, used their influence to seduce pretty asylum seekers whereas "ugly" migrants would see their applications rejected.
"These are serious allegations and I will ensure that they are fully investigated," Home Office minister Tony McNulty said in a statement.
"Clearly I will not condone this type of behavior."
The claims were made by Anthony Pamnani, a former administration worker at the Lunar House center which deals with some 300,000 visa and asylum applications a year.
"One girl came in and told us an admin officer had visited her flat and they slept together. She got indefinite leave to stay," he told the paper.
He claimed Brazilian girls were treated most favorably by staff who would allow them to stay twice as long in Britain as their male counterparts.
However, he said unattractive women would receive the opposite treatment.
"Officers use to say about ugly girls: 'She's bloody disgusting -- let's send her back anyway,"' he said.
Pamnani said he quit his post because his complaints about corruption were ignored.
"I have every confidence that staff within the Immigration and Nationality Directorate carry out their roles with professionalism and integrity," McNulty said.
"There are clearly established systems for staff to raise any concerns that they may have with working practices within their team and to take the issue further if they feel it is necessary."
http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2006/01/03/britain_probes_passports_for_sex_claims?mode=PF
Woman convicted of abusing 'witch' child
London - An African woman convicted in Britain of child cruelty involving a schoolgirl beaten with a high-heeled shoe, insisted the victim was a witch.
Sita Kisanga, 35, and her brother Sebastian Pinto were found guilty on Friday by London's Old Bailey Court of aiding and abetting abuse committed by the eight-year-old's aunt after the women became convinced the girl was involved in witchcraft.
"I know it is not easy for people to believe but those people with the spiritual belief will know what I'm saying is true," Kisanga told the BBC in an interview aired on Saturday.
After their conviction, Kisanga and the girl's aunt were warned by the judge they would face "a lengthy time in prison" when he passes sentence on July 8.
http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=3&art_id=qw1117888920861B265
Police fear Africans sent to UK for sacrifice - BBC
http://www.reuters.co.uk/newsArticle.jhtml?type=topNews&storyID=757907§ion=news&src=rss/uk/topNews
Adoring Japanese hail 'European prince of sumo'
By Colin Joyce in Tokyo
For 1,500 years sumo has been dominated by fat,
Asian men whom even fans will admit are far from handsome.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/09/21/wsumo21.xml
過去ログDAT落ち
資料Links
領土問題
ヲチサイト
メル凸
ボイコット
記事スクラップ
海外での活躍
海外での活躍2
歴史教科書
海上
経済産業
呼称問題
在日2
差別k
宗教k
食品k
植民地時代
太陽政策
暴力犯罪
竹島
なりすまし
売春k
売春k2
反日k
反米
黄ウソク
文化k
賄賂社会
その他k
汚職
海外での活躍c
言論統制
差別c
児童福祉
社会c
毒c
スパイ
ダルフール
動物c
売春c
覇権主義
反日c
反日華僑
プロパガンダ
米中
貿易摩擦
歴史教育?
その他c
動画資料c
奴隷貿易
条約
また共同
外国の戦後処理等
謝罪賠償
慰安婦
慰安婦2
リサーチ団体による分析
大西哲光
捕鯨
ようつべ
意見要望


If you need a visa, you'll have to apply for it at your local German embassy or general consulate. You will find a list with the embassies and consulates here: http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/EN/AAmt/Auslandsvertretungen/Botschaften_node.html You should apply for the visa at least 6 weeks before entering the country. It takes 2-10 days for visas to be processed.
Documentary evidence must be provided of travel health insurance with a minimum coverage of 30,000 € valid for the entire Schengen area.
The visa application fee is 60 €.
Leipzig has its own airport: Leipzig/Halle Airport (IATA: LEJ). It is located 22 km northwest of Leipzig's city centre. During the day it offers connections to several other destinations in Germany. The airport has its own train station and the trains run every 30 minutes during the day. The fare to Leipzig's central station is around 5 €. For a cab from the airport to central Leipzig, you will pay around 35 €. Taxis are available directly in front of Terminal B.
Leipzig can easily be reached by car, as it is very well connected with the Autobahn (motorway) system. The nearest motorways are A14 (North, Northeast), A9 (West) and A38 (South).
Leipzig's Hauptbahnhof (central station) is the largest terminal railway station in Europe. It also has a large shopping mall, where you can easily spend 2 hours during connections. There are many high speed rail connections to cities like Frankfurt/Main (3.5 hours), Munich (4.5 hours), Hamburg (3 hours), or Berlin (1.5 hours).
If you're considering flying to another airport and taking the train to Leipzig, be aware that the Deutsche Bahn fare system is based on booking time (the earlier the cheaper). Thus, a domestic flight connection may be cheaper than a train ticket. Please ask your local travel agency for advice.
Buses and trams in Leipzig are run by Leipziger Verkehrsbetriebe (LVB). They are part of a regional integrated transport network called MDV. This means that tickets are valid in trams and buses, but also in trains and the S-Bahn which are run by Deutsche Bahn AG. A single zone covers the entire city of Leipzig, and a ticket is valid for one hour, during which you can switch your mode of transportation as you like, easily reaching any target in the city.
You may consider buying a so-called 'Leipzig Card', which is available for 1–3 days for one or two persons (9 €–35 €). This card also offers discounts for a lot of museums and shops. If you don't plan to visit a museum or something like this, LVB also offers tourist cards as day tickets for groups up to 5 persons. You can also buy a seven-day ticket for 21 €.
Be aware the automats inside trams and buses accept only coins or cash cards, no ATM or credit cards.
If you are travelling to Leipzig via an intercity highspeed rail connection (Deutsche Bahn or one of its European partners), your ticket is valid without extra costs in all public transport systems mentioned above.
Leipzig offers many hotels, hostels and youth hostels in all categories.
Private rooms and apartments are, of course, also available. You can try a service like airbnb or wimdu to find one. If you don't want to spend much money, you can also consider couchsurfing.
Since the main buildings of the University of Leipzig are located directly in the city centre, there are restaurants and snack bars aplenty.
We will arrange for a coffee cart at the venue, where coffee, drinks, and snacks will be available at a reasonable price. If you prefer to go outside, there are some famous places like Auerbachs Keller or Germany's oldest coffee house Zum Arabische Coffe Baum (The Arabic Coffee Tree, 650 meters from the venue).
There are a couple of local foods you should try while in Leipzig. First, consider Leipziger Lerchen (Leipzig Larks). You may also want to try the famous Leipziger Allerlei (Leipzig Potpourri) — it's a stew prepared from peas, carrots, asparagus, and morels.


text:
Home » ARS finds added value in seeds
ARS finds added value in seeds
ARS seed analyst Amy Gurza and ARS seed curator Stephanie Greene examine safety backup seed samples preserved in a cold vault (0° F). Photo courtesy of ARS.
By Holly Demaree-Saddler
WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S. — A national collection of plant seeds, now used to restore degraded habitats, could also be tapped for other purposes, including breeding better food crops, forages, ornamentals, industrial crops, and livestock feed, according to an assessment by Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists in Colorado.
Stephanie L. Greene's assessment of Bureau of Land Management (BLM) collection of seeds shows that the seeds could also potentially help in developing new ornamentals and plants with medicinal value.
The BLM's Seeds of Success (SOS) collection, started in 2001, has been previously evaluated for its capacity to restore degraded habitats. But the analysis by Greene and her colleagues at the USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resource Preservation in Fort Collins, Colorado, U.S., is the first study to examine its potential value to agriculture. Their results are being published in November in the journal Crop Science.
The SOS collection is the result of a collaborative effort designed to increase the supply of native plants available for restoring habitats damaged by wildfires, droughts, and other natural causes. The BLM has worked with dozens of partners over the years to build it up and it has been recognized by the United Nations for its role in restoring biodiversity to landscapes.
It includes seeds from more than 4,760 species, representing almost 30% of the native plant diversity in the United States. Seeds have been collected from 44 states, and about one-fifth of them are wild relatives of major and minor crops.
Once the seeds are collected and cleaned, they are sent to the ARS, catalogued in the ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)-Global and are made available to any scientists, researchers, or plant breeders who request them.
In their study, the researchers characterized the potential uses of 23,577 accessions, or samples of the plant populations that can be produced by the seeds and are recorded in the BLM database. They also reviewed the types of requests for those accessions from 2006 to 2018 to determine how researchers, scientists, and breeders have been using them. Anyone requesting seed is asked for a justification on intended use.
Greene and her colleagues found that almost a third of the samples from the SOS collection were from plants with some potential agricultural use, either as ornamentals, or for food or food-related purposes, medicinal purposes, forage and feed, or industrial or material uses, such as rubber production. Seeds categorized as being potentially useful as ornamentals, for instance, include roses, penstemon, and cone flowers that grow in harsh environments, which could be used in breeding programs. Seeds having food or food-related uses included blueberries, blackberries, and raspberries.
Researchers and plant breeders already are incorporating seeds from the collection into genetic and botanical studies and in the development of new plant varieties, according to Greene and her colleagues. The researchers found the top three reasons for requesting seeds were plant genetic studies; botanical, and taxonomic investigations; and development of new plant varieties.
The ARS is the U.S. Department of Agriculture's chief scientific in-house research agency. Daily, the ARS focuses on solutions to agricultural problems affecting the United States.
feed Associations/Agencies education and research Companies USDA
USDA ARS team find antidiabetic potential in rice compounds
Arcadia to debut GoodWheat's value-added wheat in 2019
China exempts value added tax for U.S. DDGS imports again


Mayhem and mischief. Buskers and magicians. Beers, bikes, and bands. Tour de Fat is a traveling summer festival that hops around the country each year, including a much-awaited appearance in Chicago. Featuring vaudeville performers, magicians, comedians, street artists, and circus acts, it's a truly unique festival. This year the event takes place on July 29th from 4:00 pm to 9:00 pm - and the festival is upping its game for 2017 with a big-name headliner (The Roots) and a fresh new venue (Huntington Bank Pavilion at Northerly Island).
For almost two decades, New Belgium Brewing has hosted the Tour de Fat, which raises funds for local nonprofit organization West Town Bikes. Pedal over to the venue on the Lakefront Trail, and be sure to dress wild: crazy costumes are encouraged at this wacky event.
Are you looking for a place to stay in Chicago near Huntington Bank Pavilion at Northerly Island? Our hotel is situated in the trendy River North neighborhood, near top Chicago events and attractions like the Field Museum, Art Institute of Chicago and the Lincoln Park Zoo. Relax in our chilled-out Cityscape Bar, enjoy a refreshing dip in the swimming pool, and wake up ready to explore your world. Make your summer reservations now - please contact us by calling 1 (312) 836-5000 or visit us online for more information.


(Beirut) – Saudi Arabia's reversal of its longstanding ban on sports for women and girls in public schools is a vital step forward, Human Rights Watch said today. But serious hurdles, including the country's male guardianship system, remain in place, preventing women from fully accessing the education and health benefits of sports exercise.
The announcement, published on the Education Ministry's website on July 11, 2017, states that Saudi girls' schools will offer a physical education program beginning in the fall 2017 school term "in accordance with Islamic law standards" and would scale up "according to the possibilities available in each school" including sports halls and competent women instructors. The statement said that the ministry made the decision to fulfill the goals of Vision 2030, an ambitious government roadmap for economic and developmental growth.
One Saudi women's rights activist told Human Rights Watch that she welcomed the announcement that Saudi Arabia will offer physical education in government schools, but warned that it did not offer details of how it will be carried out. She said that no girls' public school in Saudi Arabia currently has sports infrastructure and there are few female sports instructors. In addition, the statement did not say whether physical education will be mandatory for girls, or if schools will require girls to get parental permission to enroll in P.E. classes.
Saudi Arabia lacks government sports infrastructure for women, with all stadiums, sport clubs, courses, expert trainers, and referees limited exclusively to men. Official sporting bodies hold no sports competitions for Saudi women athletes in the country, and do not provide support and training to Saudi sportswomen hoping to compete in regional and international competitions. But, in a positive move, on August 1, 2016, the General Authority for Sports, which functions like a sports ministry, announced a new female department and appointed Princess Reema Bint Bandar Al Saud as its head.
Saudi Arabia should build upon this recent reform and open sections in the more than 150 Saudi Sports Federations to women, and remove the ban on women spectators in stadiums, Human Rights Watch said.
For the past decade, Human Rights Watch has advocated strongly for access to sports for women and girls in Saudi Arabia. In its 2012 report, "Steps of the Devil," Human Rights Watch found that Saudi government restrictions put athletics beyond the reach of almost all women and girls. In its 2016 research, Human Rights Watch found that women were increasingly claiming their right to play sports, but that the country's national policies and male guardianship system created sometimes insurmountable hurdles to meaningful participation in exercise.
As documented in the Human Rights Watch 2016 report, "Boxed In," Saudi Arabia's male guardianship system remains the most significant impediment to women's rights in the country.
Every woman must have a male guardian – a father, brother, husband, or even a son – who has the authority to make a range of critical decisions on her behalf, including whether she can apply for a passport, travel outside the country, study abroad on a government scholarship, get married, or be released from prison. On April 17, King Salman issued an order to all government agencies to provide women access to government services without a male guardian's consent unless existing regulations require it, and to provide a list within three months of procedures that require male guardian approval. The deadline for agencies to provide the list is in two days.
Women regularly face difficulty conducting a range of transactions without a male relative's consent or presence – from renting an apartment to filing legal claims. They are barred from driving in Saudi Arabia, which is a barrier to taking part in team training or sports.
The order appears to keep in place regulations that explicitly require guardian approval, such as for women to travel abroad, obtain a passport, or get married. It also does not address areas in which private individuals and entities ask women for guardian permission such as before they are employed or undergo medical procedures.


text:
New packaging hall at Plzensky Prazdroj in operation
16.11.2006 Uncategorized
With ceremonial ribbon-cutting, the President of the Czech Republic, Vaclav Klaus, today started up full operation of Plzensky Prazdroj's new packaging hall. This historically largest investment of the Pilsen-based brewery to the amount of CZK 1 billion is part of a complex project to increase production capacity to support growing export demand and to ensure optimum quality to its overseas customers. It is another step in getting closer to the target of creating a major global brand with the legendary Pilsner Urquell lager – the flagship of Plzensky Prazdroj and its parent company SABMiller.
The project includes the expansion of production and bottling capacity and the introduction of new packaging, to be used for the first time in the new packaging hall. State of the art filtration and pasteurization technology, efficient bottling lines and closely linked distribution spaces, all have one aim, to ensure that the high quality and consistent excellence of the beer from the Pilsen brewhouse is preserved through top quality packaging processes as the beer starts its travels to our international customers.
Two new packaging lines handling bottles (returnable and non-returnable, in several packaging types) and two can types (0.5 l and 0.33 l) are located in the new building along with a distribution warehouse. The investment project includes two new filtration lines and bright beer tanks and follows on from a brewhouse expansion earlier in the year.
Mike Short, Chief Executive Officer of Plzensky Prazdroj stated: "Czech beer, the deeply rooted beer culture and tradition are amongst the most admired attributes of the Czech Republic. The Pilsner Urquell brand from Pilsen leads the "Czech Beer" phenomenon. It was because of its extraordinary taste, quality and heritage that SABMiller chose Pilsner Urquell as its flagship brand. Thanks to massive support from SABMiller the brand's exports are growing and Pilsner beer is gaining new markets. The growing interest in Pilsner Urquell has led us to increase production and build a new packaging line, the most modern one in Central Europe. Plzensky Prazdroj is therefore entering a new era of history in the evolution of Pilsner Urquell as a world-famous beverage representing a great country in the middle of Europe and reflecting the skills of the people working here."
The owner of Plzensky Prazdroj, multinational SABMiller, selected Pilsner Urquell as the flagship of its three international brands and spends considerable resources and effort on extensive marketing support and on the development of production and distribution. For instance, in Great Britain SABMiller will invest more than GBP 2 million (CZK 84 million) in Pilsner Urquell marketing and sales support during the next 18 months. The historical brewery in Pilsen is the original source of Pilsner Urquell beer. Therefore, it is quite logical that this brewery will respond to the ever-increasing demand from around the world. Since its purchase of Plzensky Prazdroj, SABMiller has already invested CZK 11.4 billion into the development of the company and its brands.
Milestones of the project "Packaging Hall"
Approval of the project – October 2005
Beginning of construction – March 2006
Cementing of the last piles for the load-bearing frame – April 2006
Beginning of technology installation – August 2006
Test operation – October 2006
Ceremonial, official beginning of production – November 16, 2006
FACTS OF THE NEW PACKAGING HALL AND FILTRATION AT THE PILSEN BREWERY:
Size of the building, including warehouse – 20,000 m2 (i.e. nearly five soccer fields)
Warehousing – warehouse of raw materials 2,800 m2, warehouse of produced beer 6,500 m2
Capacity of the bottling line for returnable and non-returnable bottles, with five bottle types and several packaging types – 60,000 bottles per hour
The line would produce a 103 km long line of bottles from the brewery in Pilsen to the St. Wenceslas' statue in Wenceslas Square, Prague, in 26 hours.
Capacity of the canning line for 0.5 l and 0.33 l cans – 26,000 cans size 0.5 l (or 38,000 cans size 0.33 l) per hour
In less then nine days the 0.33 l cans from the line would fill the whole space of Namesti Republiky (Square of the Republic) in Plzen; when built, this was the largest Gothic square in Bohemia (8.1 million cans, ca. 27,000 m2).
Total capacity of bright beer tanks – 14,000 hl (8 tanks, 2x 1,000 hl, 2 x 2,000 hl, 4 x 2,000 hl) + a 2,000 hl tank for degasified water.
This year's winner of the Czech part of international contest "Master Bartender – Pilsner Urquell Bartender 2006", Mr. Lukas Svoboda from Prague-based restaurant U Pinkasu would be continuously drawing the beer from these tanks into half-liter glasses for 227 days (7 sec/glass).
2 flash pasteurizers, capacity 350 and 300 hl/h
Filtration capacity – 1,200 hl per hour on two filtration lines
Six kilometers of pipes provide the energy feeding (a new steam pipeline from Plzenska Teplarenska, a central pipeline bridge and a glycol cooling system)
The whole structure, worth CZK 1 billion, was built at the top quality in only 7 months
Vladimir Jurina
Corporate Affairs Department, Plzensky Prazdroj, a. s.
Appendix: History of Plzensky Prazdroj / SABMiller plc (format Word, 150 kB, link is opened to a new window)
With total sales of more than 10.2 million hectolitres at home and abroad in the calendar year 2005, and with exports to more than 50 countries worldwide, Plzensky Prazdroj, a. s., is the leading beer producer in Central Europe and the largest exporter of Czech beer. The major Plzensky Prazdroj brands in the Czech Republic are Pilsner Urquell, Gambrinus, Radegast and Velkopopovicky Kozel.
Plzensky Prazdroj, a. s., is a member of SABMiller plc, by volume the second largest global brewing company worldwide with brewing interests or distribution agreements in over 60 countries across five continents.
Pilsner Urquell is the international flagship of the group's brand portfolio.


Chevys Lane change departure warning and collision avoidance system are some of the best safety features on the high tech cars of today! This one owner, corporate lease vehicle has been well cared for and has a perfect carfax history. Cars have been selling quicky, and this one is priced to move, so hurry in!


The source files for this module are listed below. You can also download the module C_INIFile as a zip archive; this archive contains all the source files and documentation.
CINIFile and helper classes allow you to use INI files without using the GetProvateProfileString, WriteProvateProfileString and related API functions, and instead read and write the whole INI file in one go. This results in much faster read and write operations when you use multiple individual settings, especially when virus scanners inspect each and every INI file read and write. When you have your INI content in a string buffer, then you can use CINIContent to handle the INI content the same way.
This source code also uses our C_Handle and C_Unicode modules. You can download these modules at our website.
When you use the GetProvateProfileString and WriteProvateProfileString API functions, you will cause a lot of disk reads and writes because the actual INI file has to be read (and written) for each separate setting. To improve disk access, it is a better idea to buffer all reads and writes and work with the in-memory buffer instead. You can achieve this to some degree using the GetPrivateProfileSection and WritePrivateProfileSection API functions, but these functions require you to use your own INI section parsing routines. The CINIFile however reads and writes an INI file in one go. It allows you to perform all INI setting actions from an in-memory buffer.
The CINIFile class allows you to copy the content of an INI file into a CINIContent object. You can in turn use the CINIContent object to query for and access individual sections of the INI file. If you want to create sections (or make sure a section exists), specify bCreateIfMissing as true on the call to GetSection. If the section wasn't present before, an empty section will be created first and it will be returned.
CINISection in turn allows you to access individual settings in that section. Here you can also specify to create the setting if it is missing, allowing you to create new settings on the fly. CINISection also allows you to retrieve the entire section in one string using the Serialize method; the result is a string you can use to mimic the Get/WritePrivateProfileSection API functions. You can also retrieve all sections seperately in turn by using the GetSection method.
CINISetting finally allows you to retrieve the actual settings in the INI file. It has different get/set methods to read/write the setting in different formats. The Get methods also allow you to specify a default to use if the settings was missing, just like the API functions do.
The original lay-out and section/settings order of the INI file is not purposely retained when it is written out again, and might be totally different compared to the original order.
Comments in the read INI file are not accessible nor retained when you write the INI file again.


We are in this world to change; often that's challenging and even scary. Rav Kook ztk'l teaches that change is a grounds for positivity since it draws a picture of movement to a better place. Even so, change does mean going into the unknown; something that requires courage. Change also involves giving up something in order to acquire something new; a shedding of the old in place of something different.
Yet Torah requires and instructs us to change; it is one of the greatest challenges to stand strong and admit we must adjust our ways for the sake of self-improvement and further growth. We should learn from the past and apply this wisdom to transform our current reality.
For instance, upon learning the harmful impact stress has on our emotional, spiritual and physical health we should place greater emphasis to deflect it from our lives. It is not enough to simply say "I wish I could change"; we need to work to fix it with greater zeal. We can take 3 minutes a day to deeply breathe in emuna and positivity while exhaling toxic negativity. We can imagine blowing up a balloon and place our anxiety in it and watch it drift away. There are endless techniques to choose from.
When there is a will there is way – that is a Jewish axiom to apply prior to any effort. Check how much you really want to alter your situation. Before attempting to change visualize how great it will be once you reach your goal B'H and pump yourself with exciting energy.
How do we awaken enthusiasm in our avodat Hashem? It is common to be drawn down by routine. How do we remain inspired? Connected? Chazal offers some practical insights.
Though our hearts may not be fully enthused to do a mitzvah, as the Nike commercial goes, 'Just do it!!' We learn this trait from Avraham Avinu ztk'l when he rose early in the morning to perform Hashem's command. When the opportunity rises to be involved in performing a mitzvah, see it as an invitation from Hashem, a one-time call just for you! Just do it!
Beware of the negative trait of laziness. Rav Luzzatto ztk'l in his famous book 'Path of the Just' teaches that mankind is controlled by the force of gravity, pulling him down into a state of heaviness. It is 'natural' to feel 'heavy' and 'weighed down'; it is beyond our control. However we aren't to surrender to our natural tendencies but to battle and refine them.
The voice of the evil inclination shouts "What! Again you're doing a mitzvah?!" He attempts to rob the zest and joy out of our good deeds. He continues to invade our mind by telling us, "You're tired, why bother? It makes no difference." Remain oblivious to this scheming tactic of the yetzer hara. Pull yourself up and get moving.
One of the most exhilarating moments in life is when you set yourself to make a change and actually do it. At that moment you feel empowered; you feel great!
Denial leads to inaction. Change begins by admitting I need to improve; be honest and say I need to change. So now what? According to the measure of willpower so too will you succeed – strengthen your resolve and make it your mission.
It begins with one step, the hardest step – to make the decision to change. Why is it the hardest? Since it is most bitter to say "I need to change"; not my neighbor, not my Mother, not my spouse – but me!
That inner sense that something has got to change and that something is me is a powerful feeling that puts us to action. It generally follows a feeling of discomfort; maybe even a touch inner 'yuckiness'. Yet from bitterness comes sweetness.
Let's not confuse bitterness with sadness. It is a sense of uneasiness that gives birth to change – it propels us to leave our current place and move elsewhere. If bitterness is left unaddressed it turns into heaviness, guilt and feelings of inadequacy; a feeling of closure and isolation.
Recognize it and use it to your benefit; set yourself into new motion and feel great about it!
Hashem communicates to us through the circumstances of our lives. Our individual life circumstances reveal our tikkun – those difficult and repetitive challenges which we must embrace and then learn to complete. Through our daily challenges, Hashem instructs us as to how to grow wiser, stronger and assume responsibility for our choices.
We can choose to view our repeated and disproportionate emotional responses as indicators of the precise areas in our lives that we need to improve.
Our emotional buttons being pressed are really our souls calling out for us to work on this area of our lives. Hashem is presenting us with unique opportunities that enable us to reach parts of our nefesh that otherwise would have gone unnoticed.
In order to complete our tikkun and undertake the mitzvot properly, we require self-awareness. For instance, we must learn what annoys us and why, what triggers our defenses, and what are our true motives.
Get to know yourself by zooming into your true life's purpose, strengths and weaknesses. Our weaknesses need to be identified and embraced before they can be worked on.
Difficult and painful events offer the chance for us to grow emotionally into new people. We each have the potential to have an 'old' me and a 'new' me – that is, to create a new person by growing through an experience. Each experience provides us with the opportunity to create new thoughts, speech and actions (and/or reactions), and consequently to reveal another aspect of our soul.
Though this process is not easy, we must have emuna to know that eventually we will be successful at growing to the point where we feel at peace with ourselves on the inside. This internal shift will B"H enable us to also live a genuine Torah life on the outside.


Tiger Woods arrives at British Open with neck tape! Oh no!
Tiger has arrived on the range @TheOpen and yes, he appears to have some sort of tape on his neck. What is happening?
Why's there such concern with Woods sporting the tape?
Woods has suffered a litany of injuries in recent years, primarily focused on his neck and back. He's had four back surgeries, and injuries have forced him to withdraw from several tournaments throughout the years. Woods has come back from his latest surgery with reliable, if not necessarily spectacular, results, but everyone following him is still holding their breath to see how long he holds together.
Taping up muscles helps stabilize them and improve blood flow while not restricting the range of motion. Everyone from Olympic volleyball players to Tom Brady has used the tape to help with healing and strengthening muscles, and now, apparently, so has Woods.
So how hurt is Woods?
Apparently, not at all, if you believe his camp. NBC's Roger Maltbie reported that Woods woke up with a stiff neck prior to arriving at the course, and a bit of therapy and tape did the trick to get him ready to roll at the British Open.
False alarm? Perhaps. We'll know soon enough whether Woods is 100 percent.


text:
package info.rolandkrueger.userservice.model;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import com.google.common.base.MoreObjects;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.base.Strings;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Version;
import org.springframework.hateoas.Identifiable;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.*;

/**
 * @author Roland Krüger
 */
@Entity
public class User implements UserDetails, Identifiable<Long> {
    private Long id;
    @Version
    Long version = 1L;
    @LastModifiedDate
    LocalDateTime lastModified;

    @NotBlank
    private String username;
    @NotBlank @JsonIgnore
    private String password;
    @Email
    private String email;

    private boolean enabled = true;
    private boolean accountNonLocked = true;
    private boolean accountNonExpired = true;
    private boolean credentialsNonExpired = true;
    private String rememberMeToken;
    private String registrationConfirmationToken;
    @NotNull
    private LocalDate registrationDate;
    private LocalDateTime lastLogin;
    @JsonIgnore
    private List<Authority> authorities;

    public User() {
        registrationDate = LocalDate.now();
        lastModified = LocalDateTime.now();
        version = 1L;
    }

    public User(String username) {
        this();
        setUsername(username);
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return accountNonExpired;
    }

    public void setAccountNonExpired(boolean accountNonExpired) {
        this.accountNonExpired = accountNonExpired;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return accountNonLocked;
    }

    public void setAccountNonLocked(boolean accountNonLocked) {
        this.accountNonLocked = accountNonLocked;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return credentialsNonExpired;
    }

    public void setCredentialsNonExpired(boolean credentialsNonExpired) {
        this.credentialsNonExpired = credentialsNonExpired;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return enabled;
    }

    public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
        this.enabled = enabled;
    }

    @Column(unique = true)
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        Preconditions.checkArgument(! Strings.isNullOrEmpty(MoreObjects.firstNonNull(username, "").trim()));
        this.username = username.trim();
    }

    @Override
    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    public Collection<Authority> getAuthorities() {
        if (authorities == null) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }
        return authorities;
    }

    private void setAuthorities(List<Authority> authorities) {
        this.authorities = authorities;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    private void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Transient
    public void setUnencryptedPassword(String password) {
        setPassword(new BCryptPasswordEncoder(12, new SecureRandom()).encode(password));
    }

    public void addAuthority(Authority authority) {
        if (authorities == null) {
            authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        }
        authorities.add(authority);
    }

    public String getRememberMeToken() {
        return rememberMeToken;
    }

    public void setRememberMeToken(String rememberMeToken) {
        this.rememberMeToken = rememberMeToken;
    }

    @Column(unique = true, name = "CONFIRMATION_TOKEN")
    public String getRegistrationConfirmationToken() {
        return registrationConfirmationToken;
    }

    private void setRegistrationConfirmationToken(String registrationConfirmationToken) {
        this.registrationConfirmationToken = registrationConfirmationToken;
    }

    public LocalDate getRegistrationDate() {
        return registrationDate;
    }

    public void setRegistrationDate(LocalDate registrationDate) {
        this.registrationDate = registrationDate;
    }

    public LocalDateTime getLastLogin() {
        return lastLogin;
    }

    public void setLastLogin(LocalDateTime lastLogin) {
        this.lastLogin = lastLogin;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public LocalDateTime getLastModified() {
        return lastModified;
    }

    public void setLastModified(LocalDateTime lastModified) {
        this.lastModified = lastModified;
    }

    public Long getVersion() {
        return version;
    }

    public void setVersion(Long version) {
        this.version = version;
    }

    public boolean hasAuthority(String authority) {
        Preconditions.checkArgument(authority != null);
        return hasAuthority(new Authority(authority));
    }

    public boolean hasAuthority(Authority authority) {
        Preconditions.checkArgument(authority != null);
        return ! getAuthorities().isEmpty() && getAuthorities().contains(authority);
    }

    public String createRegistrationConfirmationToken() {
        final String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        setRegistrationConfirmationToken(uuid);
        return uuid;
    }

    public void clearRegistrationConfirmationToken() {
        this.registrationConfirmationToken = null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return MoreObjects.toStringHelper(this)
                .add("username", username)
                .add("token", registrationConfirmationToken)
                .add("authorities", authorities)
                .toString();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null || ! (obj instanceof User)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (obj == this) {
            return true;
        }
        User other = (User) obj;
        return Objects.equals(username, other.username);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return username.hashCode();
    }

    public void clearPassword() {
        password = null;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Daig (ausgesprochen [dajg]; dt. «Teig») ist eine im Raum Basel und im Rest der Deutschschweiz geläufige Bezeichnung für diejenigen Familien der Stadtbasler Oberschicht, die seit Generationen das Bürgerrecht besitzen. Es handelt sich um eine gesellschaftliche Gruppe, die auch gemäss der an der Universität Zürich lehrenden Soziologin Katja Rost durch eine ausgeprägte Selbstabgrenzung, sowohl abwärts (gegenüber Mittelstand und Unterschicht) als auch seitwärts (gegenüber «Neureichen»), gekennzeichnet sei. Die soziale Geschlossenheit und die Wirkungsmacht des «Daig» haben in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts sehr stark abgenommen und sind heute noch vor allem aus historischer Perspektive von Relevanz.

Geschichte (19. Jahrhundert)
Die Ausdifferenzierung des «Daig» fand insbesondere im 19. Jahrhundert unter den Bedingungen der Industrialisierung und des massiven Bevölkerungswachstums statt und verlief gegenläufig zum Modernisierungsdruck. Ausgehend von der kriegerischen Kantonstrennung von 1833 während der Regeneration entwickelte sich im konservativ-patrizischen Grossbürgertum Basels eine bis ins 20. Jahrhundert hinein andauernde Distanz zur übrigen, nicht selten als bedrohlich angesehenen Einwohnerschaft. Dies konnte umso eher geschehen, da gerade durch den Verlust des Hinterlandes neue einheimische Eliten ländlicher oder kleinbürgerlicher Herkunft als Konkurrenz, aber auch als gesellschaftliche Verbindungsklammer weit weniger als anderswo in die Stadt strömten.

Ökonomisch war der «Daig» in den frühneuzeitlichen Wirtschaftsaktivitäten Basels verwurzelt, d. h. im Warengrosshandel und Bankwesen sowie in der Seidenbandfabrikation, die noch bis zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts eine Akkumulation ausserordentlichen Reichtums ermöglichte. Seine politische Heimat erhielt der «Daig» während der Ausbildung der Parteienlandschaft im 19. Jahrhundert in der Konservativen Partei (ab 1902 «Liberale Partei», heute Liberal-Demokratische Partei), die bis zur Verfassungsreform von 1875 den Stadtkanton politisch beherrschte und dann vom Freisinn abgelöst wurde. Parallel zum politischen erlebte der «Daig» bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg auch einen wirtschaftlich-gesellschaftlichen Bedeutungsverlust infolge der Ablösung der Seidenbandindustrie durch die chemische Industrie (die meist von Zugezogenen aufgebaut und geleitet wurde), durch das Aufkommen der Aktiengesellschaften und durch die weitere soziale und kulturelle Demokratisierung; jedoch hat er seinen Einfluss nicht völlig eingebüsst, denn es fanden und finden sich die traditionellen Familiennamen des «Daig» gehäuft in den bestimmenden öffentlichen Positionen wieder, darunter:

 Bernoulli
 Burckhardt
 Christ
 Faesch
 Iselin
 Koechlin
 Liechtenhan
 Merian
 Sarasin
 Schlumberger
 Staehelin
 Vischer
 Von der Mühll

Die Geschlossenheit der altbürgerlichen, patrizischen Elite wurde besonders durch eine gezielte Heiratspolitik erreicht, bei der die Männer überwiegend innerhalb des «Daig» heirateten und durch die Kontinuität des Sippschaftsnetzes für die Absicherung des erreichten Wohlstandes und der sozialen Stellung sorgten; die Frauen hingegen transportierten oft durch Heiraten ins neue «Wirtschaftsbürgertum» die Werte nach aussen und trugen so zur Schaffung eines erweiterten Grossbürgertums mit gemeinsamen Wertvorstellungen bei. Dazu gehörte insbesondere der Verzicht auf Reichtum in der Öffentlichkeit. Die zur Schau gestellte Bescheidenheit des «Daig» rührte einerseits von dem stark in der Gesellschaft verwurzelten Pietismus (Frommes Basel) her, anderseits vom Fehlen eines Adels mit vorbildgebender aristokratischer Prachtentfaltung; auch erforderte der Grundkonsens der durch die liberale Revolution von 1847–1848 erreichten Demokratie, die gesellschaftlichen Unterschiede nicht allzu augenfällig werden zu lassen.

Die einzelnen Familien pflegten und pflegen den Zusammenhalt z. T. durch periodische Treffen, sog. Familientage, und durch die Einrichtung von Familienfideikommissen resp. Familienstiftungen. Der Daig ist keine gänzlich abgeschlossene Gesellschaftsschicht. Im 19. Jahrhundert fanden einzelne zugewanderte Familien Zugang zu diesem exklusiven Kreis durch wirtschaftlichen Erfolg (z. B. die Familie Alioth) oder durch wissenschaftliche Leistungen (etwa die Familie Wackernagel).

Die soziale Distanzierung erfolgte vielmehr durch das Mittel der sogenannten «feinen Unterschiede» (in der Eigenwahrnehmung). Zugehörigkeit oder Ausschluss qualifizierten sich durch ungeschriebene Regeln in Bildung, Konsum und Unterhaltung, durch die präzise Anwendung von Umgangsformen, Usanzen oder auch durch den Gebrauch eines eigenen Soziolekts, einer nach dem vom «Daig» früher bevorzugten St.-Alban-Quartier «Dalbenesisch» bezeichneten Sonderform des Baseldeutschen. Dessen Anbindung an den «Daig» ist allgemein bekannt. Im Schweizer Film und Fernsehen werden intelligente Bösewichter oder Snobs oftmals durch die Verwendung eines patrizischen Baslerdialekts in hoher Stimmlage charakterisiert.

Eine weitere Art der Distanzierung ist die Tradition der Familien aus dem «Daig», ihre Briefkästen und Türschilder beispielsweise im St.-Alban-Quartier nur mit den Initialen zu bezeichnen. Die ungeschriebene Botschaft ist: einer, der dazugehört, weiss, wer hier wohnt, andere brauchen es nicht zu wissen.

Literatur
 Johanna von der Mühll: Basler Sitten. Herkommen und Brauch im häuslichen Leben einer städtischen Bürgerschaft. Krebs, Basel 1944; 3., unveränderte Aufl. ebd. 1985, ISBN 3-85775-305-6.
 Philipp Sarasin: Stadt der Bürger. Bürgerliche Macht und städtische Gesellschaft. Basel 1846–1914. Helbing und Lichtenhahn, Basel 1990; 2., erweiterte Aufl. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1997, ISBN 3-525-36105-X (zugleich Dissertation an der Universität Basel 1990).
 Georg Kreis, Beat von Wartburg (Hrsg.): Basel – Geschichte einer städtischen Gesellschaft. Merian, Basel 2000, ISBN 3-85616-127-9.

Weblinks

 . Kolumne von 2003
 bh: S Märli vom Daig. auf barfi.ch, 27. Juni 2016

Einzelnachweise

Siehe auch
 Patriziat (Alte Eidgenossenschaft)

!
Bürgertum

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In The Little Prince novell of the famous writer Antoine de Saint-Exupery is hidden profound philosophical content. Eternal values - love, friendship, loyalty - are revealed in the allegorical texts of the great Frenchman.
The Gala Concert and the Lviv Organ Hall are the first to present an audio performance on the text of The Little Prince that will not leave anyone indifferent.
The grand organ, classical guitar and fantastic flute create together an incredibly sensual and inter-space music, which takes the viewer into the atmosphere of the extraordinary phantasmagoria.
The show will be equally interesting for both children and adults. An exciting plot for young spectators and depth of quotations of Exupery will keep the attention of the public of all ages. And the main mission of the action - the establishment of good in all its classical manifestations.
Honored Artist of Ukraine - Dmytro Horkin and Iryna Gray.


Rosalía Vila (aka Rosalía) is Catalan-born, nuevo flamenco and Latin pop singer from Sant Esteve Sesrovires, Spain.
Her voice was described by no less a talent than flamenco guitarist Pepe Habichuela as "sharp and sweet, but with a bite, like the old ones." While her 2017 Los Ángeles debut album garnered her attention from the U.S. public and earned her a Latin Grammy nomination for Best New Artist. She has also been involved on the traditional music since her teens and has continued her other musical pursuits, from hip-hop to soul and pop.
Her music video for the pre-release single "Malamente" by Canada garnered 20 million views in Spain within three months; as well as 5 Latin Grammy nominations, and won 2 for Best Urban Fusion/Performance" and "Best Alternative Song." Its follow-up, "Pienso en Tu Mirá," racked up another 15 million views in its first month or so. This is no mean feat, since Spain's population is only 46 million people. Rosalia's second full-length, "El Mal Querer", was co produced by herself and El Guincho. It was released in November of 2018. It debuted at number one on the Latin Pop Albums chart.