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Tom Collins – Classic Recipe & History
Posted on May 3, 2021 January 18, 2023 by Tomas Curras
Learn how to make a classic Tom Collins.
1 oz Simple Syrup
2 oz Old Tom Gin
Combine all ingredients except for the soda water in a shaker with ice.
Vigorously shake till the shaker is ice cold and frosted.
Pour into the serving glass filled with ice. Lastly add the soda water.
Tools Used: Jigger, Bar Spoon
Serving Glass: Highball Glass
What Is The Difference Between The John Collins And Tom Collins?
While probably not invented by Harry Johnson, his 1882 Bartenders Manual is the oldest printed book I could find to mention the Collins cocktail. Many sources say it was created in 1814 at Limmer's Old House in London, but who knows. There is no documentation of this, and all the sources that state this seem to reference each other circularly. The oldest concrete evidence of this cocktail is the Harry Johnson one. It seems both the John Collins and Tom Collins are invented around the same time, and the Bartenders Manual gives a pretty definitive recipe for both the John and Tom Collins. His John Collins recipe calls for genever (dry gin doesn't start to get mixed into cocktails till the end of the 1800s/early 1900s), and his recipe for the Tom Collins calls for Old Tom gin. Harry Johnson's collins recipes and names are clearly defined, but unlike Harry Johnson, Jerry Thomas's 1887 Bartenders Guide does not follow his recipes. The Bartender's Guide doesn't even mention the John Collins but instead uses the name Tom Collins for every variation of the collins. It has three different recipes for the Tom Collins. A Tom Collins whiskey, a Tom Collins brandy, and a Tom Collins genever. It doesn't mention the Tom Collins with Old Tom gin and calls the one made with genever a Tom Collins.
To further complicate this, in 1885, a British cocktail book called "The New guide for the hotel, bar, restaurant, butler, and chef" by Bacchus and Cordon Bleu has a recipe for what they call a Fred Collins. Their Fred Collins Recipe is a Whiskey Collins with orange liqueur instead of simple syrup. Their Collins section states, "I should be glad if our caterers would agree what it is to be perpetually named. One Barkeeper calls it a John Collins – another Tom Collins. Harry and Fred are all members of the same family." They then say they prefer the Fred Collins name, thus credence to Jerry Thomas's version of the Collins in that the name is more a style than a specific drink. Hell, there was a Harry Collins we have never seen. The Savoy Cocktail Book does the same thing and has both a Dry Gin and Whiskey Tom Collins. Although The Savoy does say that a Tom Collins made with genever is instead called a John Collins.
While The Harry Johnson uses the names as specific cocktails, the Bartenders guide and others seemed to use the collins as a cocktail structure more than a specific recipe. Similar to the Rickey, Daisy, or Fizz, the collins is used to describe a structure of 2 parts base spirit, 1 part citrus, 1 part sweetener, and 4 or 5 parts carbonated beverage. Harry Johnson influence has been permanent and the collins is ultimately both. It is both a specific cocktail like Harry Johnson pushed and a cocktail archetype like others believed. looking at its influence as an archetype there are many popular cocktails which are structurally a collins that you would not think of as a Collins. The Adios Motherfucker, Mojito, French 75, Paloma, etc, are all just fun variation on the Collins form.
The Brief But Memorable History Of The Tom Collins.
The Tom Collins is enjoying a bit of a renaissance since Old Tom Gin is starting to become more regularly found in liquor stores again. Even though it was only around for a few decades and some major cocktail books back in the day left it out. Harry Craddock, Jerry Thomas (posthumously), George Kappeler, and a few others write about it, but major works like the Old Waldorf Astoria and Savoy make no mention of any Tom or John Collins. The oldest literary reference I could find to it was the 1882 Bartenders Manual which is the earliest reference to either the Tom or John Collins. I've read many articles saying the John Collins came first and the Tom was a variation, but I can't find one without the other. Wikipedia says the oldest reference to a collins cocktail is in the 1869 Steward and Barkeeper's Manual by Jesse Haney & company. Still, I looked over that whole book and never found the recipe they reference. Granted, I don't have all the vintage cocktail books ever written, but I probably have a couple hundred more than any reasonable person, and the furthest back I can find the collins is by Harry Johnson.
Sadly this Old Tom cocktail was only on people's radars for maybe 30 years. Haymans stopped manufacturing Old Tom in the 1930s, I think, and by the 1910s, most works refer to any collins cocktail as a Tom Collins and say you can use any base spirit with the drink. This harkens back to the Jerry Thomas book that called a collins made with whiskey a Tom Collins whiskey, or one made with brandy, a Tom Collins Brandy. This shows that the Tom/John Collins lived on as a cocktail structure more than a specific recipe. The name Tom Collins was being used even though no one was saying it needed to be mixed with Old Tom Gin.
Since Haymans started manufacturing Old Tom again in 2007, the classic spirit is becoming very popular now. The Tom Collins has become all the rage (It is a delicious drink, so it's understandable), but back in the day, outside of Harry Johnson and a couple of others, It was kind of just a name to refer to a type of cocktail. In the late 1800s, a guy would maybe walk into a bar and ask for a Tom Collins, and the bartender would ask what spirit he wanted, and the guy could say whiskey, and the bartender would know what he meant. Obviously, I was not of drinking age or even alive during the late 19th century to verify this last statement. It is simply my interpolation based on how publications and literature used the name and the recipes they provided at different points in time.
1882 Bartenders Manual – Johnson
John Collins – Classic Recipe & History
John Collins – Original Recipe & History
Fred Collins – Classic Recipe & History
Posted in Highballs, RecipesTagged Old Tom Gin, Simple Syrup
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Published on September 21st, 2011 | by Vanderbilt Hockey
VU Hockey Seeks, Wins Parents' Approval on Parents' Weekend
It was a bull market on high fives in Nashville last Friday and Saturday as the Vanderbilt Commodores Ice Hockey Club skated to an impressive 2-0 start to the 2011/12 season. With decisive victories of 7-1 and 10-2 against the University of Memphis Tigers, the Commodores showed that they are primed, ready, and eager to drive towards a banner season for the program.
The games, played before the largest crowds the Centennial Sportsplex has seen since little Sally Wheeler's performance at the 1987 Tennessee State Figuring Skating Championships (i.e., the one where she unveiled her patented quintuple backwards salchow), were a success both on and off the ice as the Commodores not only delighted a host of parents in attendance but also raised over $600 for Tuscaloosa Forward, the city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama's strategic initiative to rebuild itself following last April's devastating tornadoes. From the scoreboard and stands to the cashbox and proud mamas and papas, the team could not have asked for a better weekend.
"Yeah, it was ok," said sophomore Alan Leeser, who's rocket one-timer in Friday's contest topped a long list of highlights from the set.
Old Faithfuls Prove Formidable
In a year that kicked off with a slew of new faces hitting the Vanderbilt hockey scene, it may have been easy for fans to forget that several "old guys" were still around to make some noise, and noise-make they did against Memphis. Headlined by senior captain Matt Kaminsky (2 goals, 3 assists) and junior Scooter McLaughlin (4 goals, 1 assist), the veteran regime set the bar extremely high for the newbies on the squad. Channeling his inner Clubber Lang (a la Rocky III for the age-impaired), Kaminsky said oh so eloquently following Saturday's drubbing, "I pity da foo's that underestimate the leadership on this team. We've got the upperclassmen to set the right examples and the young guys to embrace them." He concluded emphatically, "I've said it once and I'll say it again – watch out for them 'Dores!"
Also contributing were line-mates Tom Trepanier and Kyle McCann who picked up where they left off last season. Trep spearheaded the team's successful kill of nearly 4 minutes of 3-on-5 time while McCann sliced and diced his way to a goal and several shots on net.
Brendan Gray, fan of the game and winner of the Taylor Swift Ticket Giveaway
Finally, the team was able to pin its hopes on the talents of senior captain, team president, and former Country Music Hall of Fame intern Brenden Oliver for its opening night victory. Spurred on by the rabid support of his mother Linda (who, along with Coach Bernstein's lovely and understanding wife Betsy, collected ticket sales at the gate – thank you ladies!), Oliver fought boredom in the first and second periods and a mild onslaught in the third to secure the win on Friday night.
"I was pretty psyched for the 'W,'" said Oliver, "but honestly, I just couldn't stop thinking about the ticket giveaway promotion we were running." Courtesy of Oliver himself, the team gave away a floor seat to Taylor Swift's Saturday performance at Bridgestone Arena in an effort to draw fans to Centennial. "I just kept thinking, 'Boy I hope the person actually likes Taylor Swift.' I mean, seriously, I owe it to her to put it to good use."
New Guns Take Aim
With the returning players firing on all cylinders, the coaching staff was pleased to see the rookie Commodores also getting into the action early on in the 2011/12 campaign. A pair of sophomore transfers – Ben Ross (1 goal and 4 assists in two games) and Eliot Rosenfield (3 goals in Saturday's contest) – led the way while first-year law student Cory Reno netted a goal and an assist in Saturday night's match-up. Reno's debut with the Vanderbilt club was especially smashing, literally, as he received a 2-and-10 penalty in his very first shift with the Commodores for a defensive-zone hit.
"They'd never call a penalty on that in Michigan," said a frustrated Reno following the game. "Total bull shnikeys." Having played for Grand Valley State in undergrad, a national championship-level ACHA power, the coaching staff looks forward to watching Reno lead with his unique perspective and aggressive style.
Complimenting this trio of newcomers were sophomores Kyle "Terry Tate" Barber, Henry "Scare-y Quiet" Crowe, Joey "Million Dollar Smile" Grisko, Connor "Guns Show" Smallwood, and Teddy "Too" Swift, plus second-year-MBA Ryan "CAPM Baby!" Weekes, a former inline hockey star at Elon College.
"The depth on this team is just crazy," said second-year head coach Thomas Bernstein. "We've got all these new players, and we have the seniors leading the club as our elder statesmen. Then you've got the rock solid guys producing as the "glue," guys like sophomores Jordan Zauderer, Kyle Stachowiak, and Alan Leeser. When it comes to depth, the staff and I are feeling pretty darn spoiled."
A Great Kickoff, Despite …
Few things are more cliche in sports than the obligatory pre-game statement from a coach, "We had a great week of practice and we're ready for the big game." So imagine the surprise of the reporters who attended the Vanderbilt hockey team's pre-weekend press conference when someone asked Coach Bernstein, "How's the week been going leading up to the game?" and he bluntly replied, "Our week stunk, had a terrible practice. And it was my fault."
Bernstein elaborated that the team's Wednesday practice was a hot mess consisting of multiple poorly conceived drills, unexpectedly faulty equipment (his whistle broke), and a bruising injury (he took a puck in the stomach). "I just ran out of time to plan the skate. Coach Holston wasn't around to help me white-board out the session prior to the ice time. Work got in the way. I ran out of gas! I–I had a flat tire! I didn't have enough money for cab fare! My tux didn't come back from the cleaners! An old friend came in from out of town! Someone stole my car! There was an earthquake! A terrible flood! Locusts! IT WASN'T MY FAULT, I SWEAR TO GOD!!!" (Guys, it's a reference your parents will appreciate; click here to get schooled in the ways of Jake Blues.)
Bernstein went on to acknowledge that excuses are like rear-ends – they all stink – and that the bad practice would be an anomaly. "Coach Holston and I will be attending USA Hockey training on Sunday following our weekend in South Carolina so the boys can rest assured that we'll be continuing to learn and grow as coaches. Last Wednesday will never happen again."
The Weekend's One Blemish A Major One
It was not all fun and games for the Commodores. With one sobering Facebook message posted shortly after the game, the team confirmed its earlier suspicions and worst fears:
"love hockey, hate injuries…hand broken"
– Sophomore Jack Delehey, Sun 9/19 at 12:10am
Delehey suffered a broken hand on a very questionable hit in the offensive zone. Following his knee injury last December and subsequent time on the injured reserve list, Delehey's latest setback came as a tough pill to swallow. In a note to teammates, Delehey expressed that he'll "do everything [he] can to convince doctors to let [him] play with a cast." The club will look to see him back on the ice for its game against Arkansas on December 9th (or perhaps sooner).
Looking Ahead and Thank You's
Vanderbilt will be back on the ice this weekend for the club's first road trip of the season at South Carolina. For those in and around the Columbia area, game times will be Friday, 9/23, at 9:30pm and Saturday, 9/24, at 9:30am. That's right, two games in 15 hours. That depth on the roster should come in handy!
Three final notes before putting a wrap on the kickoff to the 2011/12 season. First we'd like to thank all of the parents who attended the weekend's festivities, including Linda Oliver, Ed Smallwood, the Crowes, Gangemis, Griskos, Londoffs, McCallums, McCanns, McLaughlins, Rosenfields, Zauderers, and anyone else that I missed. Your presence and support made the weekend even more special for your sons and the rest of the team. We hope you can make it back to campus soon for one of our upcoming home games!
Next, the team would like to thank Coach Rusty Ware for his efforts in energizing the overall VU Hockey experience by organizing the in-game logistics and programming. With the announcing and music so tightly managed, the weekend's games were clearly more professional than any we've hosted in recent memory. We look forward to refining the system over the coming weeks in order to make coming to a Vanderbilt hockey game everything it can and should be. Thanks Coach Ware, awesome job!
Lastly, the club would like to extend a warm and rousing thank you to Assistant Coach Ben Gatlin for crafting what has been already declared by Brenden Oliver "literally the best hockey montage I have ever seen." If you have not had the pleasure, please view at your leisure and be prepared to get fired up about the Black and Gold!
Go 'Dores, keep the momentum going through this weekend and the rest of the year!
Date & Time: Saturday, September 17th, 2011 at 5:30pm CT
Location: Centennial Sportsplex – Nashville, TN
1 2 3 F &#9733
Eliot Rosenfield (LW): 3 Goals
VU 3 4 3 10 &#9733&#9733
Mike Gangemi (G): 23 saves (on 25 shots)
UM 1 0 1 2 &#9733&#9733&#9733
Stephen Mozur (RW): 1 goal, 9 hits
First Period Scoring Summary
Time: Team:
Scoring Detail:
VU: UM:
15:30 UM
Gray – Riley
10:35 VU
Mozur (1) – McCallum
3:15 VU
Rosenfield (1) – Unassisted
McCann (1) – Johnston
Second Period Scoring Summary
Reno (1) – Leeser, Kaminsky
Kaminsky (2) – Ross
Ross (2) – Londoff
D. Crowe (1) – McLaughlin, Ross
Third Period Scoring Summary
Gay – Unassisted
Rosenfield (2) – D. Crowe, Reno
Rosenfield (3) – Leeser
Abelman (1) – Johnston
Tags: Memphis
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Opening Weekend Kicks Off With 7-1 Win Over Memphis →
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John Shosky
Dr John Shosky is one of the US's leading public speaking coaches and has been a speechwriter and consultant in three presidential administrations.
John Shosky is well-known speechwriter, consultant, speaker and advocate. For eighteen years he has been President and CEO of Roncalli Communications, Incorporated (Alexandria, Virginia), a company specialising in research, writing, editing and media training. His background includes service in three presidential administrations: Reagan, Bush 41 and Bush 43. He has worked in the Executive Office of the President, White House Public Affairs, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Education, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Shosky has written more than 2,800 speeches for the public record, some 6-8 million words. He has also published more than 70 articles on a variety of topics, edited three books and written Speaking to Lead. His latest book is the Words of our Time. Shosky can be contacted at john.shosky@roncallicommunications.com.
1. Dr Zhivago by Boris Pasternak - it has it all, the great conflicts of our time: freedom vs authority, love opposed to duty, art challenging politics, choice conflicting with fate, culture destroyed by revolution. It is also magnificently written poetry as prose.
2. Born to Rebel by Benjamin Elijah Mays - Mays was the longtime president of Morehouse College in Atlanta. He was vastly influential on the thinking of his students, including Dr Martin Luther King, Jr, Dr Louis Sullivan, Maynard Jackson and many others who changed the course of American history. Mays advocates education as the way out, non-violence as a means of change and service as a way of life. It is an inspiring, almost unknown book that deserves wide readership.
3. What I Saw at the Revolution by Peggy Noonan - she is the speechwriting goddess. Her account of the Reagan White House is the most honest and accurate recreation of that time. She also offers deep insights into political speechwriting. If you want to know why Reagan was great...and he was...then this is a good book to read. Another of Noonan's books on Reagan, When Character was King, is also a must-read. I would recommend further reading on Reagan, especially books by Peter Robinson and Craig Shirley.
4. Power by Bertrand Russell - a worthy successor to Machiavelli. In politics power is the currency.
5. Personal Being by Rom Harre - language creates our world. It gives us the self, consciousness, concepts and thought. We understand the experiences around us based on our linguistic tools. Harre shows why language is our world.
6. Also, one essential article, Politics and the English Language by George Orwell - as Christopher Hitchens passionately argued, Orwell matters. This article will explain why, discussing the uses and perversions of language for political gain.
The Words of Our Time
Speaking to Lead


A generalized anxiety condition is defined by constant feelings of fear or worry. The mood swings and hormonal changes that happen during menopause can sometimes aggravate anxiety conditions. There is a variety of anxiety treatments that have been shown to work, including self-help remedies and medical therapies, such as the ones mentioned below.
For overall health, it is generally recommended to do at least 150 minutes of exercise every week. However, aside from benefiting the body, exercise also benefits the mind; it encourages the release of serotonin and endorphins, which naturally elevate mood. Studies have shown that these neurotransmitters relieve anxiety, meaning that exercise is an effective treatment. Cycling, swimming, or aerobics are just a few examples of activities you could try.
Lack of sleep can cause moodiness and unreasonable thoughts, and this can add to any existing anxieties you might have. Less sleep can also raise levels of cortisol, a neurotransmitter associated with stress. Consequently, sleep and maintaining a regular sleep schedule is one of the best natural anxiety treatments.
Dedicating more time to an existing interest or picking up a new hobby can help control the anxiety in your life. Everyone has different interests, but spending time on things you are passionate about can soothe anxiety and give you an outlet. Your outlet can be anything from an artistic pursuit like painting, sculpting, or learning a new instrument, to a physical activity like rock-climbing, biking, or tennis, or something completely different like bird-watching, learning a new language, or baking.
Talking about your problems is a therapeutic act, and there is counseling available - talk to your doctor to see what local services exist in your area. Some people might benefit from group therapies, whereas others might feel more comfortable in a one-on-one situation. Online and in person support groups and telephone help lines are also available to people with anxiety conditions. However, if the idea of talking to strangers does not appeal to you, talking to a loved one about your feelings can also help. The most important thing is to reduce feelings of isolation.
CBT is an evidence-based psychological treatment that has been shown to be effective. Anxiety is mostly about thought patterns; negative ones can give rise to the physical symptoms that many people with anxiety experience. Therefore, by altering the way a person with anxiety thinks about certain situations, the way they act in those situations is also changed. CBT has been shown to reduce the chances of anxiety episodes.
There are many anxiety treatments available, and the best way to decide which ones will work for you is by consulting a professional and finding out the full facts. Lifestyle changes should be the first step, and they will also complement any medical and behavioral treatments well.


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People of the Night
This song is a collaboration in both lyrics and arrangement - we each wrote a verse, and the arrangement came together from a riff we stumbled on. The song was written in Coquitlam, BC in 2009-ish. The opening cinematic theme was composed in Logic by Adam in late 2015.
People of... People of the Night...
They runnin' scared yeah they runnin' out of sight.
They looking for them broken windows, spare key and the lonely widow.
People of the Night...
Runnin' out of sight...
Loose brains, yeah loose change...
Add it up and it means the same...
Idle threats, they've been flying around.
Careful baby - yeah you'll hit the ground.
They're the People... the People of the Night..
Ten people stood in a row...
Smiles stretched and their heads hung low.
The blood red sky from the burning bush.
The final plunge... the final push.
Adam James - Bass Guitar, Synth, Rhythm Guitar, Production, Lyrics
Jonathan Matthew - Drums, Lyrics


Design enriches our everyday lives. Ambience Design creates elegant and inspiring interiors, with an emphasis on quality of the work process. We are a team of creative professionals with years of experience in the field of interior design and home staging.
It's extremely important for us to work openly and respectfully with our clients - carefully listening to their needs. Our clients very often recommend us to others, giving us opportunities to experience different scopes of work. Our portfolio consists of residential and commercial interiors in the Czech Republic and abroad.
We have over 20 years of experience in Interior Design and Interior Decorating. We also prepare properties for sale or rent - Home Staging.
The initial intent of this project was a simple redesign of the restaurant; however after several consultations, the client had decided to opt for major modifications, including a complete replacement of the floor and lights. The once dark interior was transformed into a pleasantly light interior.
An older Grand Hotel building underwent a total renovation in 2006. Over time the three-star hotel ceased to fulfil the vision of its owners of a comfortable hotel with a representative interior.
Our intention was to create a design for the Grand hotel, which attracts customers with its originality. Despite a limited budget and retaining most of the existing furniture, the aim was to distinguish the Grand from other hotels in Špindlerův Mlýn.
We have established the following priorities for the design concept: partially remove obsolete equipment, maintain basic hotel furniture, new paint, lay quality wall to wall carpets, replace drapes and curtains, small furniture, i.e. chairs and tables and partially also lighting. Adjustments of the exterior became part of the concept - graphic design of 3D signs on the facade and the printing design of advertising boards in front of the hotel.
Theme of murals were brought in to create a surprising and inspiring concept, execution of which was entrusted to Lukáš Hudec, the illustrator. The whole concept of the new look of the Grand Hotel is built on a fresh colour scheme and the original style of decoration – murals that cut across all areas of the hotel.
They approached us with a desire to restyle the entry and the office spaces. The main requirement of the investor was to refresh working environment of their employees and add attraction to the reception area. An important element in the preparation of this project was to find a common denominator between the nature of the company and the visual concept of the space. "Media" - means of communication processed into the graphic form of Pop Art style became the said denominator.
The selected art direction offered us not only a humorous form of artistic interpretation of media but also other motives symbolizing success in the big world of business and publicity.
During the total renovation of this bathroom it was very important to incorporate everything the client needed within the layout of the space, such as, a massage bath , large shower corner, two sinks and plenty of storage space. Thanks to the unconventional space, we were also able to create a space for a practical rotating shelving unit with a mirror and an additional storage space inside of the front wall.
A room for a university student - where the needs of a young woman collide with the demands of a student's life. In an average room space, we created an elegant solution to storage spaces, a comfortable yet romantic sleeping area, a working area, a reading and relaxing corner, and a dressing corner, all in an unpretentious, playful and youthful style. An original girl's room was created, where the world of dreams and romance perfectly complement the day-to-day functionality.
A design proposal and implementation of a duplex apartment, with an area of 160 m2. Emphasis was placed on the quality of lighting, quality designer furnishings and window textiles. Neutral tones were chosen for the interior with an additional elegant boost of turquoise colors. Almost all walls of the entire interior were 'dressed' in luxury textile wallpaper. The quality of the materials used added elegance to the space.
The owners of this apartment - with two big balconies situated in Prague 10 - have decided to entrust their 3rd consecutive project with us. Now, the focus was on the vibrant colours, chosen by the owner, which are found throughout the apartment, especially the bedroom and the children's room. The kitchen being the heart of this family space also played a major role during the development of this project. These grand terraces do not only create the perfect playground for the two daughters (2 and 5 years old), but also a great spot for barbecuing with your family and friends, as well as relaxing spot for that Sunday afternoon. This is the perfect home where practicality goes hand in hand with coziness. Everything is organised in a way to maximize the family's interaction and in order to make living here a pure pleasure.


Position: Fulbright Senior Advanced Research Scholar, specialization: action theory, theory of rationality.
Tadeusz Kotarbiński's Action Theory – Reinterpretive Studies, New York: Palgrave Macmillan 2017.
(2017): *"Kotarbiński's praxiology and the analytic action theory" in Praxiological Essays: Texts and Contexts, Ed. W.W. Gasparski, Routledge.
(2017, forthcoming): *"Shared Agency and Intentionality – A Praxiological View" in Self-Knowledge and Moral Identity, Ed. R.K. Panda, New Delhi.
(2016a): *[Review] Neil Roughley, Wanting and Intending. Elements of a Philosophy of Practical Mind, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, DOI: 10.1007/s10677-016-9768-8.
(2016b): **Intention Inertia and the Plasticity of Planning, Philosophical Psychology, 29(7):1045-1056.
(2016c): **"Reasons for Being Flexible. Desires, Intentions, and Plans" in Desire – The Concept and Its Practical Context, Ed. Timo Airaksinen, Wojciech W. Gasparski (pp. 59-78), New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
(2015): **"Praxiology meets Planning Theory of Intention" in Reasons for Action and Praxiology, eds. P. Makowski, M. Bonecki, K. Nowak [Praxiology: The International Annual of Practical Philosophy and Methodology, Vol. 23] (pp. 43-71). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
(2012): "Dimensions of Intersubjectivity. Foreword", in: Intersubjectivity, Piotr Makowski (Ed.), Kraków, Wydawnictwo Universitas: 7–10.


Ugh, Jazzga is one of the best things that has happened in her career.
I don't know how stans can't appreciate that.
She doesnt need another jazz album...she needs to get back to POP...LG6??? Remember???
Honestly ? I agree. Unless it's pushing bondaries and bring something new to the table, I'm not interested.
It's some of Tony's last work and Gaga's ONLY Jazz album. It brings something new to the table by just existing.
Brian Newman and his jazz band would be a great collab next. Like an album of her on vocals.
I wasn't talking about CTC but about a sequel that actually has the same concept. I'm very fine with only one breaking both Lady Gaga and Tony Bennet discography by being unusually for both of them. Than having a 2.0 version that add nothing to the first one.


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4th September, 2019 Animation, Art & Fashion Like
How Max Hattler Transformed Hong Kong's Vertical Skyline into Living Film Strips in 'Serial Parallels'
Taking the physical properties of the celluloid film strip and applying them to Hong Kong's dense built up environment, experimental short Serial Parallels from Max Hattler (seen often on DN) provides a transfixing portrait of one of the most vertical cities in the world. As Serial Parallels is still making its way across the festival circuit (having already nabbed Best Editing at the San Gio Verona Video Festival) and is the centrepiece of Hattler's solo exhibition Receptive Rhythms at Hong Kong's Goethe-Gallery which opens today, we can unfortunately only share the trailer. However, Hattler was kind enough to provide us with some insight into his captivating architectural animation.
Ever since moving from flat and expansive London to the extremely condensed vertical cityscape of Hong Kong I was thinking about how I could translate my new habitat into an appropriate moving image form. Serial Parallels tackles Hong Kong's urban environment through the lens of film animation, by considering the city's high-rise buildings as series of film strips, with each floor or window corresponding to a film frame.
Serial Parallels took 8 months to complete. We shot high-resolution photographs of the building facades all around Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories (using Hasselblad H4D-40, Nikon D800 and Canon EOS 5DS R cameras), which were digitally adjusted for perspective distortion, and then zoomed into for the animation sequencing (in Adobe After Effects).
I was thinking about how I could translate my new habitat into an appropriate moving image form.
The narrative progression of Serial Parallels was very much developed in the edit. The challenge was to keep it interesting, while at the same time conveying a sense of the extremely repetitive nature of Hong Kong's urban environment. Especially the public housing estates all follow a small and precise palette of architectural typologies. We shot way more photos and animated many more sequences than what was used in the end. The final version of Serial Parallels, while 9 minutes long, only features a total of 240 photographs!
Serial Parallels source images
Encounters Film Festival, Encounters2019, Experimental, Hong Kong, Max Hattler, Trailer
About the Author / Guest
Directors Notes is happy to share the thoughts and experiences of some of the world's most talented filmmakers. They are our very welcome Guest Authors.


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The DJI Mavic Mini, folded up it fits in the palm of your hand.
DJI Mavic Air.
DJI Mavic Mini vs. Mavic Air: Which drone is right for you?
Tech review: DJI Mavic Mini vs. Mavic Air: Which drone is right for you?
By Jim Rossman The Dallas Morning News
I've been in love with helicopters since I was a very small boy.
I can remember receiving a Vertibird for Christmas when I was about 8 years old. It was a small helicopter on the end of a long stick that rotated around a motorized base. It was as close to a remote control helicopter as you could get in the early 1970s.
Fast-forward 45 years, and today's remote control helicopters (drones) are exactly what I wanted back when I was 8.
I've reviewed a few cheap drones in the past, but anyone who flies drones knows that Chinese company DJI makes really good ones.
A few months ago, DJI sent me its Mavic Air, which is an amazing machine released in early 2018 that's a favorite of commercial and hobby drone flyers.
During my testing, DJI released a new Mavic model — a cheaper and smaller drone called the Mavic Mini.
DJI was nice enough to send me the Mavic Mini so I could compare it with the Mavic Air, but I ended up spending a lot more time flying the Mini, so this review will concentrate a bit more on the Mini.
Drone legacy
DJI has about 70% of the global drone market.
I first became aware of DJI with its Phantom line of quad-rotor drones that began with the Phantom 1 in 2013. The current model, the Phantom 4 Pro V2, costs $1,729.
It has a three-axis stabilized camera with a 20-megapixel sensor. It also has four-direction obstacle avoidance and a six-camera navigation system so it will avoid crashing into things as you fly it at up to 31 miles per hour.
This is a rather large drone that uses a wireless control technology called OcuSync HD to allow for a range of up to 4.3 miles (unobstructed).
The Phantom is a wonderful quad, but its size (11.39 × 11.39 × 7.71 inches) is on the large side, and you'll have to register it with the FAA.
In 2016, DJI introduced a new type of drone called the Mavic Pro.
Mavic is a line of DJI quads, ranging from large to small, but they all have a folding arm design to make them easier to pack and carry.
The Mavic Pro was followed by the cheaper and smaller Mavic Air in early 2018.
Now we have the Mavic Mini, which even cheaper and smaller than the Mavic Air.
The Mavic Air ($919) is DJI's midsize Mavic drone that can shoot 4K video.
You can fly the Air with just the DJI app on your smartphone or tablet, but you'll get more range and speed if you use the controller.
The range of the Air using the smartphone as a controller is about 250 feet, while the range with the controller is up to 2.4 miles.
The controller uses your smartphone to show you what the drone's camera is seeing as you fly.
The Air has a maximum speed of 42.5 miles per hour and it has forward and backward obstacle avoidance, to help you keep from crashing into things.
The Mavic Air folds up for easy carrying. Extended for flight, the drone measures 6.61 ×7.24 ×2.51 inches, but folded for travel, the Air measures 6.61 ×3.26 ×1.92 inches.
It weighs less than a pound (15.16 ounces) and it has a flight time of 21 minutes.
In October of 2019, DJI introduced a much-anticipated, smaller, cheaper and lighter quad called the Mavic Mini ($399).
The Mini weighs in at just 8.78 ounces, or 249 grams, which is important.
Drones that weigh 250 grams or more must be registered with the FAA. Drones under 250 grams don't have to be registered if you fly recreationally, but you still have to follow the drone laws.
Unfolded, the Mini measures 6.29 ×7.95 ×2.16 inches. It folds down to 5.51 ×3.22 ×2.24 inches, which is small enough to fit in the palm of your hand.
As you might expect, the Mini is not as full-featured as the Air.
You can't shave $500 from the price without leaving out some things.
The Mini's camera shoots 2.7K video (vs. 4K for the Air). Video from both drones looks amazing.
The Mini does not have any forward or backward obstacle avoidance. It does have downward obstacle sensing, which will warn you if the drone senses its landing area is not safe. The downward sensing also helps to stabilize hovering.
The Mini also can't be controlled from a smartphone alone. You must connect your phone or tablet to the Mini's controller.
The Mavic Mini has a range of up to 2.4 miles (unobstructed). I found the controller had trouble keeping the connection to the drone between 1 and 2 miles away in the city, with buildings and trees in the way. Flying over White Rock Lake allowed for much greater range, and I was able to fly more than two miles out.
Legally, you need to maintain a visual line of sight to your drone at all times. This can be challenging with a drone as small as the Mini. There will be times when you are flying solely via the video screen. Hopefully those times are short.
Because the Mavic drones have GPS, they have a feature called Return To Home, which will bring the drone back to you with the push of one button.
The Mavic drones will also return to home if they fly too far away and lose connection to the controller for more than 20 seconds or if the battery level gets critically low.
The Mini's camera sits on a three-axis mechanical gimbal, so the video is very steady. It is amazing to see the drone get buffeted by the wind and still provide video that looks like it was shot with a tripod.
The Mini has three flying modes, Speed (the fastest mode), Position (standard mode) and Cinematic, a very slow, deliberate maneuvering mode that is great for getting smooth videos.
How do they fly?
How cow — the Mavic Air and Mavic Mini are unbelievably easy to fly.
Snap your phone into the controller, power everything on, and when you see "OK to takeoff" on the screen, press one button to launch the drone to hover a few feet off the ground.
These drones have sophisticated electronics inside (downward vision sensing) to make them hover quite easily, especially if you let go of the control sticks.
If you're learning to fly and you're headed toward a crash, just let go of the controls and the drone will stop and hover until you are ready to move it again.
I'm pretty sure I could teach my 8-year-old self to fly the Mini in about 30 minutes. It's best to get familiar with the controls in an open field.
The DJI app makes taking off and landing as easy as pushing a button.
There are two control sticks. The left stick controls altitude and direction (up/down and rotate left/right). The right stick controls movement (forward/backward and left/right).
People who grew up playing video games will take to drone flying quite easily.
Everything you need is on the screen.
There are readings for altitude and distance away (in feet or meters) as well as your speed. There is also a countdown timer showing how much fly time you have left on your battery.
You'll also see pop-up messages when your GPS is experiencing interference or when high winds might be a factor in your flying.
You will occasionally crash. I did.
Luckily my crashes were from very low altitude (less than 6 feet) and over grass, so no harm was done. Spare rotors are not hard to install. There is also an available plastic guard you can install to protect the rotors if you want to fly indoors or are just learning.
Videographers will especially love Quick Shots, which are video modes for automating some complex video shooting. There are too many to mention here, but my favorite is Circle. With Circle, you pick a subject on the screen and the drone will slowly circle the subject, keeping it centered as it flies a huge circle. It's epic.
The Mavic Air costs $919 for the drone, one battery, the controller, a carrying case and accessories.
DJI also offers a "Fly More" kit that adds two extra batteries, a battery charging hub, extra propellers and a travel bag for $1,149.
The Mavic Mini costs $399 for the drone, one battery and the controller and the accessories.
The Fly More kit for the Mini costs an extra $100 and adds two more batteries, extra propellers with screws, a battery charging hub, the propeller guards and a travel case.
Do yourself a favor and buy the drones with the Fly More kit. The extra batteries are worth the cost alone.
Flying the Mavic drones are the most fun I've had in a long time. I'd wake up on rainy weekend days lamenting about not getting to fly. I got on my wife's nerves by taking it on picnics and walks, but she eventually asked to fly it, too.
The Mini is a logical first drone for someone who wants to learn to fly and eventually buy better-featured and more expensive drones in the future.
I can see why drones like the Mavic Air cost what they do. They can do serious work. The video produced is high-quality and could be used for TV shows and movies. I also see how they could be useful in helping law enforcement locate missing persons.
Pros: Unbelievably easy to fly. Great range. No FAA registration. Gimbal for steady video.
Cons: A little expensive.
Bottom line: If you want to fly drones, do yourself a favor and skip those really cheap ones. Save your money for a Mavic Mini. You won't be sorry.
Copyright 2020 Tribune Content Agency.
Drone Aircraft