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Die Wasserschläuche (Utricularia) sind eine Pflanzengattung in der Familie der Wasserschlauchgewächse (Lentibulariaceae). Mit ihren rund 250 Arten ist sie die artenreichste Gattung aller fleischfressenden Pflanzen. Trotz ihres meistens unscheinbaren Äußeren sind sie in vielerlei Hinsicht außergewöhnliche Pflanzen.

Sowohl der deutsche als auch der botanische Name der Gattung, der sich aus dem lateinischen utriculus, "kleiner Schlauch" herleitet, spielt auf die Gestalt der Fallen an, die an altertümliche Wasser- oder Weinschläuche erinnert.

Beschreibung

Die Morphologie der Wasserschlauch-Arten ist ungewöhnlich, da sie weder echte Wurzeln besitzen, noch bei ihnen im strengen Sinne Blatt und Spross unterschieden werden kann. Ein weiteres charakteristisches Merkmal sind die als Fallen ausgebildeten Fangblasen, deren Funktionsweise einzigartig ist und an Komplexität nur von den eng verwandten Reusenfallen übertroffen wird. Bis auf Fallen, Blüten und Blätter kann je nach Art allerdings auch fast jedes der nachfolgend beschriebenen Organe abwesend sein.

Erscheinungsbild
Wasserschlauch-Arten sind einjährige oder mehrjährige krautige Pflanzen. Die meisten Arten erreichen nur eine geringe Wuchshöhe von bis zu 30 Zentimetern, einige Arten wie Utricularia humboldtii können jedoch Wuchshöhen bis zu 130 Zentimetern erreichen.

Rhizoide
Mit zunehmender Komplexität innerhalb der Gattung besitzen die Wasserschlauch-Arten mehr oder weniger stark entwickelte Rhizoide, die allein der Verankerung im Substrat dienen. Bei den Arten mit einer großen Zahl evolutionär ursprünglicher Merkmale sind sie überhaupt nicht vorhanden, bei jüngeren Arten – mit stärker abgeleiteten Merkmalen, etwa denen der Sektion Pleiochasia – sind sie von einfacher Struktur und nur schwach verdrehter Gestalt. Bei den rheophytischen und lithophytischen Arten hingegen, die schnellfließende Gewässer beziehungsweise blanken Fels besiedeln, sind sie dagegen hoch entwickelt, um die Verankerung an den schwierigen Standorten zu gewährleisten. In manchen Fällen lassen sich Rhizoid und Stolon nicht klar unterscheiden, etwa in der Sektion Phyllaria.

Stolonen
Allgemein wird das Stolon als Spross der meisten Wasserschlauch-Arten betrachtet. Es ist bei terrestrischen Arten wenige Millimeter bis Zentimeter, bei aquatischen bis zu mehreren Metern lang und zumeist in Form eines dichten Geflechts ausgebildet. Bei einigen Arten werden vom Stolon zusätzlich wasserspeichernde Knollen oder Luftsprosse ausgebildet, ersteres etwa bei Utricularia alpina, letzteres bei Utricularia vulgaris. Vereinzelt existieren aber auch einige sehr urtümliche Arten ohne Stolon, ein Beispiel dafür ist die Art Utricularia violacea.

Turionen
Aquatische Wasserschlauch-Arten gemäßigter Klimazonen sterben zum Herbst hin ab und bilden sogenannte Winterknospen (Turionen) – kurze, kompakte Sprosse, die auf den Boden des Gewässers sinken und aus denen im nächsten Frühjahr neue Pflanzen austreiben.

Manche australische Arten ziehen sich während der Trockenzeit in nur 1 Zentimeter große Knollen zurück, aus denen sie mit Beginn der Regenzeit wieder austreiben.

Blätter
Aufgrund der oben erwähnten fehlenden Trennbarkeit von Blatt und Spross wird jeder flächige, grüne Teil der Pflanzen als Blatt angesehen. Sie sind von uneinheitlicher Form, bei terrestrischen Arten häufig länglich oder nierenförmig, bei aquatischen Arten in vom Stolon abgehenden Segmenten vielfach fein unterteilt. Meistens sind die Blätter sehr klein und wenige Millimeter bis Zentimeter groß, bei tropischen Arten können sie aber auch bis über 100 Zentimeter lang sein, etwa bei Utricularia longifolia. Einige wenige Arten wie Utricularia menziesii bilden zerstreute oder dichte Rosetten aus. Zumeist wachsen die Einzelblätter entlang des Stolons aus Augen heraus. Außer den normalen Blättern wachsen am Blütenstiel einige Nebenblätter wie Brakteen, Brakteolen und Schuppenblätter, die als taxonomisches Merkmal von Bedeutung sind.

Fallen

Die zumeist an den Stolonen, manchmal aber auch an anderen Teilen der Pflanze wie Blättern oder Rhizoiden wachsenden Fallen sind mikroskopisch kleine oder bis zu einem Zentimeter große, üblicherweise gestielte Fangblasen, die nach dem Saugfallenprinzip funktionieren, einer rein mechanischen Methode, die sich unter allen Karnivoren einzig bei den Wasserschläuchen findet. Innerhalb der Fangblase wird dazu ein Unterdruck aufgebaut, der bei Utricularia vulgaris etwa bis zu 0,14 bar beträgt und die Blasenwände zusammenzieht. Die Fangblase ist mit einer Klappe verschlossen, an der sich einige feine Borsten befinden. Mittels chemischer Lockstoffe oder algenähnlicher Sprosse, die Nahrung vortäuschen, werden Beutetiere angelockt. Sobald die Borsten von diesen berührt werden, öffnet sich die Klappe, und zwar mit der schnellsten bekannten Bewegung im Pflanzenreich: die Dauer des Öffnungs- und Schließvorgangs liegt bei weniger als zwei Millisekunden. Die Borsten nehmen dabei keine Reize auf, sondern dienen quasi als Hebel, durch den die Klappe leicht nach innen gedrückt und so ein Stück weit geöffnet wird. Durch den folgenden, abrupten Druckausgleich wird das vor der Falle liegende Wasser in die Fangblase gespült und das Beutetier mit hineingerissen; danach schließt sich die Falle wieder. In ihr liegende Drüsen beginnen nun die Verdauung der Beute durch die Enzyme Esterase, Phosphatase und Protease. Parallel dazu beginnt die Falle, das überschüssige Wasser abzupumpen und erzeugt so wieder den notwendigen Unterdruck für den nächsten Fang. Dieser Vorgang kann bereits nach fünfzehn Minuten abgeschlossen sein. Zumeist handelt es sich um sehr kleine Beutetiere, darunter Wasserflöhe, Rädertierchen, Fadenwürmer und Schnecken, dazu kommen Protisten wie Wimpertierchen und gelegentlich planktische Algen, selten größere Beute wie kleine Kaulquappen oder Stechmückenlarven, die allerdings nach dem Verdauungsprozess zum Absterben der Falle führen können.

Blütenstände und Blüten
Die Blütenstände sind die einzigen Pflanzenteile, die bei allen Arten über dem Substrat stehen. Die Blüten stehen meistens wechselständig in traubigen Blütenständen an aufrechten, dünnen, bei aquatischen Arten mit Luftkammern versehenen Stängeln, wenn auch gelegentlich nur als Einzelblüte.

Die zwittrigen Blüten sind zygomorph und fünfzählig mit doppelter Blütenhülle. Die gespornten Blüten bestehen in der Regel aus zwei verwachsenen Kelch- und fünf verwachsenen Kronblättern. Sie können ein- oder mehrfarbig in zahlreichen Farben vorkommen, etwa weiß, gelb, rot, violett oder blau, sowie beliebigen Schattierungen dazwischen. Die Blüten variieren größenmäßig zwischen wenigen Millimetern und 7 Zentimetern Länge, einige, insbesondere die großblütiger Arten, ähneln auf den ersten Blick Orchideenblüten.

Früchte und Samen
Die Früchte der Wasserschlauch-Arten sind kleine, meistens runde oder eiförmige Kapselfrüchte. Die Kapselfrüchte sind äußerst vielgestaltig und enthalten zahlreiche Samen. Die Samen sind 0,2 bis 1 Millimeter lang.

Ökologie
Je nach Wasserschlauch-Art und Bedingungen kommen sie gemischt oder wechselnd kleistogam und chasmogam vor, das heißt, sie bestäuben sich selbst, entweder, wie im ersteren Fall, gezwungenermaßen bei geschlossener Blüte oder, wie im zweiteren, bei geöffneter Blüte. Bei Chasmogamie ist dann auch eine Fremdbestäubung möglich.

Es handelt sich um Lichtkeimer.

Vorkommen
Wasserschlauch-Arten sind (mit Ausnahme von ariden Gebieten, der Antarktis und der ozeanischen Inselwelt) weltweit verbreitet. Ihr Verbreitungsschwerpunkt liegt in Südamerika, gefolgt von Australien. Durch ihre Karnivorie sind die Pflanzen weitgehend unabhängig vom Vorhandensein von Nährstoffen im Boden und bevorzugen sehr nährstoffarme, halbschattige bis vollsonnige Standorte. Sie findet sich zumeist in sauren Verhältnissen, einige Arten sind zwar durchaus kalktolerant, werden aber an entsprechenden (üblicherweise relativ nährstoffreichen) Standorten meistens durch andere Vegetation verdrängt.

Alle Arten der Gattung haben ihren Lebensraum zumindest während der vegetativen Phase im oder am Wasser. Die Mehrzahl (etwa 60 %) lebt terrestrisch, also auf nassen, selten sumpfigen Böden, rund 15 % sind aquatisch, teils verankert, teils frei flottierend. Die verbleibenden 25 % sind als sogenannte Rheophyten spezialisiert auf sehr schnell fließende Gewässer (z. B. Utricularia rigida), besiedeln als Lithophyten glatte Untergründe oder leben epiphytisch, also als Aufsitzer auf oder in anderen Pflanzen (z. B. in Moosen, an rauen Baumrinden oder gar in den Trichtern von Bromelien), wie z. B. Utricularia humboldtii, die sich sogar in den Trichtern von Brocchinia reducta, einer anderen Karnivore, findet.

In Mitteleuropa vorkommende Arten
In Mitteleuropa sind nur wenige Arten beheimatet:
 Verkannter Wasserschlauch (Utricularia australis )
 Bremis Wasserschlauch (Utricularia bremii )
 Mittlerer Wasserschlauch (Utricularia intermedia )
 Kleiner Wasserschlauch (Utricularia minor )
 Blassgelber Wasserschlauch (Utricularia ochroleuca )
 Dunkelgelber Wasserschlauch (Utricularia stygia )
 Gewöhnlicher Wasserschlauch (Utricularia vulgaris )

Alle diese Arten sind eng miteinander verwandt und gehören zur Sektion Utricularia. Sie sind manchmal nur an einzelnen Merkmalen voneinander zu unterscheiden. Alle leben innerhalb von Gewässern und sind im gesamten deutschsprachigen Raum gefährdet oder stark gefährdet; Bremis Wasserschlauch ist sogar unmittelbar vom Aussterben bedroht. An diesem Rückgang hat der Mensch durch die Vernichtung von Feuchtbiotopen wie Mooren und durch Gewässer-Eutrophierung (übermäßigen Nährstoffeintrag aus der Landwirtschaft) wesentlichen Anteil.

Systematik
Die Gattung Utricularia wurde durch Carl von Linné aufgestellt.

Die Gattung Utricularia wurde durch den britischen Botaniker Peter Taylor in 35 Sektionen aufgeteilt. Auf einem Supertree aus zwei molekulargenetischen Studien basierend (Jobson et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2004) wurden 2006 Taylors Sektionen in großen Teilen bestätigt und neue Untergattungen vorgeschlagen, dieser modifizierten Fassung wird hier weitgehend gefolgt. Da einige monotypische Sektionen im Rahmen dieser Untersuchungen nicht berücksichtigt wurden, wurde hierbei auf Taylors Arbeit zurückgegriffen, die Sektion Minutae wurde erst 2008 erstbeschrieben, ihre Einordnung in der Untergattung Bivalvia gilt als vorläufig. Ergänzungen und Regionsangaben folgen der World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.

Sektionen und Arten der Gattung Utricularia

Phylogenetik
Das folgende Kladogramm der Gattung Utricularia ist ein sogenannter "Supertree", der – wie obige Systematik – auf zwei molekulargenetischen Studien basiert (Jobson et al. 2003; Müller et al. 2004) und gibt die Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse der Gattung bis auf Sektionsebene wieder. Da die Sektionen Vesiculina bzw. Aranella polyphyletisch sind, tauchen sie mehrfach innerhalb des Kladogramms auf (*), einige monotypische Sektionen fanden im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung keine Berücksichtigung und sind daher hier nicht dargestellt.

Verwendung
Die Wasserschlauch-Arten haben weder als Lebens- noch als Heilmittel eine Bedeutung für den Menschen. Wegen ihrer Karnivorie und ihrer ansprechenden Blüten sind jedoch viele Arten bei Liebhabern in Kultur; die heimischen Arten finden sich darüber hinaus auch in Gartenteichen. Als Zierpflanzen sind sie jedoch ohne kommerzielle Bedeutung.

Literatur
 Peter Taylor: The Genus Utricularia. A Taxonomic Monograph (= Kew Bulletin. Additional Series. 14). Royal Botanic Gardens – Kew, London 1989, ISBN 0-947643-72-9.
 Wilhelm Barthlott, Stefan Porembski, Rüdiger Seine, Inge Theisen: Karnivoren. Biologie und Kultur fleischfressender Pflanzen. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-4144-2.

Weiterführende Literatur
 Richard W. Jobson, Julia Playford, Kenneth M. Cameron, Victor A. Albert: Molecular phylogenetics of Lentibulariaceae inferred from plastid rps16 intron and trnL-F DNA sequences: implications for character evolution and biogeography. In: Systematic Botany. Band 28, Nr. 1, 2003, , S. 157–171, .
 Kai Müller, Thomas Borsch: Phylogenetics of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) and molecular evolution of the trnK intron in a lineage with high substitutional rates. In: Plant Systematics and Evolution. Band 250, Nr. 1/2, 2005, , S. 39–67, .

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Gesellschaft für fleischfressende Pflanzen = GFP – zur Gattung Utricularia.
 anschauliche Animation und Beschreibung der Funktionsweise.
 Utricularia bei islandnet.com, (Engl.)

Wasserschlauchgewächse
Fleischfressende Pflanze

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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I got her again! The International Space Station flying past the moon tonight over Byron Bay, Australia with Tim Peake aboard, who prepares to return to earth tomorrow. I'm so happy to get this as it was cloudy all day and night, but cleared beautifully for the crucial split second so all my planning paid off! Almost exactly a year ago today I captured Scott Kelly in the ISS much the same way, but tonight I used about 50 x 1/1600 frames to also stack and mosaic the entire moon within a few seconds of the transit to show the full disc of the moon and a cleaner shot with full colour detail. The transit itself lasted 0.47 seconds. Woohoo! Taken with Canon 70D 1/1600 F10 ISO 500 with Celestron 9.25″ Edge HD.
UPDATE – Thank you for all the coverage and shares across the world today, especially ESA as they cover Tim Peakes return to Earth! As promised, you can download a high res (5000x5000px) JPEG image here. And the RAW file for all the conspiracy theorists here.


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Home > Press Releases > Bakari Sellers named 2018 annual MLK Celebration speaker
Bakari Sellers named 2018 annual MLK Celebration speaker
Civil rights activist, attorney and political commentator Bakari Sellers has been named the Georgia Southern University annual MLK Celebration speaker and will present on Wednesday, Jan. 24, at 7 p.m. in the Performing Arts Center at 847 Plant Drive in Statesboro. The live presentation will be simulcast at the Georgia Southern Armstrong Campus in Savannah.
April 2018 will mark 50 years since King's assassination, and as such, will be an important theme in Sellers's presentation. Sellers will present on activism in reflection of King's legacy.
Sellers made history in 2006 when, at the age of 22, he defeated a 26-year incumbent state representative in South Carolina. His win made him the youngest member of the state's legislature and the youngest African-American elected official in the entire nation.
He won the 2014 Democratic nomination for Lt. Governor in South Carolina, and served on former President Barack Obama's South Carolina steering committee during the 2008 election. Sellers has received numerous accolades including being named TIME Magazine's "40 Under 40" in 2010 and being ranked in "The Root 100" list of the nation's most influential African-Americans in 2014.
Sellers has served as a featured speaker at events for the National Education Association, College Democrats of America National Convention, NAACP, the 2008 Democratic National Convention, and he delivered the opening keynote address to the American Israel Public Affairs Committee Policy Conference in Washington, D.C., in 2007.
Sellers practices law with the Strom Law Firm LLC in Columbia, South Carolina, and is a CNN contributor. He is married to Ellen Rucker.
Each year, Georgia Southern's MLK Celebration provides an opportunity for the campus and community to gather and celebrate the life and legacy of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
The presentation will be simulcast live at the Ogeechee Theater on the Armstrong Campus. Free transportation to the Georgia Southern Statesboro Campus will be provided for students on the Armstrong Campus. Contact Lucera Aradillas in the Office of Multicultural Affairs at lucero.aradillas@armstrong.edu to register for transportation.
The MLK Celebration Speaker is sponsored annually by the Office of the Vice President of Enrollment, Office of Vice President of Student Affairs, and the Office of Multicultural Affairs. For more information on the MLK Celebration, visit GeorgiaSouthern.edu/msc/mlk.
Georgia Southern University, a public Carnegie Doctoral/Research institution founded in 1906, offers 142 degree programs serving more than 27,000 students through nine colleges on three campuses in Savannah, Statesboro, Hinesville and online instruction. A leader in higher education in southeast Georgia, the University provides a diverse student population with expert faculty, world-class scholarship and hands-on learning opportunities. Georgia Southern creates lifelong learners who serve as responsible scholars, leaders and stewards in their communities. Visit GeorgiaSouthern.edu.
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The following firearm courses are designed around a comprehensive tiered system. They are open and available to civilian sport shooters as well as those operating with a firearm as a profession. The courses offer shooters a progressive experience from basic orientation and introduction courses through to more advanced, operational and competition based skills.
Firearms Outlet Canada, Range is coming soon in Ajax!


Changing my blog focus, and moving again, and again!
Writing about my lifestyle and travels has been harder to keep up with than I first expected. After my last post a few months ago, I said to myself, "Man, this blogging thing is too hard, why not just enjoy life and spend more time on more important stuff...?"


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India on high alert as terrorists sneak in via Gujarat
Gujarat was virtually in lockdown mode today while Delhi and other cities were on high alert after police received inputs that 10 suspected Lashkar-e-Taiba and JeM terrorists believed to have entered India from Pakistan through Gujarat may have sneaked into the national capital for an attack.
On Sunday, the eve of the Mahashivratri holiday, four elite National Security Guard teams were rushed to the western state of Gujarat while the metros and Jammu and Kashmir were on high alert, with raids conducted at Kutch and other places, security being beefed up at vital installations, sensitive areas and at all main temples including the famous Somnath temple where a NSG team has been deployed.
The Gir-Somnath district authorities have postponed today's cultural event at Somnath temple owing to the terror threat.
In Kolkata, security has been stepped up at the Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport after an e-mail threat that it would be blown up within 24 hours, airport officials said.
The e-mail came in the airport manager's ID early today and it was claimed to have been sent from Germany, they said.
In the national capital, security was beefed up at vital installations, important buildings and crowded places after Delhi Police received inputs about a potential terror strike in the city. A constant vigil was maintained near prominent malls, hospitals, schools and colleges.
A police source said the input specifically mentions about 10 militants of Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) outfits having entered India via Gujarat and that they could carry out a terror strike in Delhi.
The Special Cell and Crime Branch of Delhi Police have been briefed about the input separately, so that activities of gangs operating in and around the city and elements with suspected terror links can be monitored.
The police are also ensuring that CCTV cameras at all places with high footfall, like popular markets in the city and metro stations are functional. Patrolling across the city has been intensified.
Heavy security was also put into force at important Shiv temples in Uttar Pradesh and special security checks were in place at the Kashi Vishwanath temple in Varanasi.
Special vigil was being maintained on big and small temples in places like Kanpur, Agra, Lucknow, Faizabad, Gorakhpur, Azamgarh and other important places, the official said.
Police was also keeping a close eye on the 'kanwarias' (devotees who carry holy Ganges water and walk bare foot to offer it to Shivlingas) as there was an apprehension that they may be targeted by terror outfits.
Security has been ramped up at major religious sites in Gujarat like Somnath Temple and Akshardham and in metro cities - Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Bengaluru.
Vital installations across the metros like railway stations and airports are also being secured.
An advisory has been issued to enhance security at all strategic locations, sensitive industrial sites and religious places in Gujarat after intelligence inputs suggested that the terrorists have entered the state taking the sea route, official sources said.
Gujarat Director General of Police P C Thakur held a meeting with NSG officials in Gandhinagar and announced that one team will be sent to step up security at Somnath temple in Gir-Somnath district. Thakur issued orders late last night cancelling leave of all policemen.
"Four teams of NSG reached here(Gandhinagar) last night. Out of these, three will remain here, while one team will go to Somnath," he said. The size of each team could vary between 50 to 90 personnel.


text:
Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Adebakin Idowu H.*
Ipaye Tajudeen O.
1Department of Civil Engineering, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
2Department of Civil Engineering, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria
Res. J. Engineering Sci., Volume 5, Issue (9), Pages 1-4, September,26 (2016)
Effect of elevated temperature on the compressive strength of concrete element with recycled aggregate was investigated. Natural aggregates were replaced with recycled aggregates during casting at 0, 25, 50, 75 & 100 percentages using water cement ratio of 0.60.The natural aggregates used were quarried granites from parent igneous rock with maximum sizes of 19mm. While the recycled aggregates were gotten from demolished old concrete building, crushed manually and sieved to also get maximum sizes of 19mm.Total of 75 concrete cubes of 150mm x 150mm sizes were cast and properly cured for 28 days. The concrete cubes were then subjected to different level of temperatures (50�c, 100�c, 200�c, 300�c, and 400�c) for a period of eight (8) hours in the electronic oven. Test results showed an average of38% reduction in strength for all percentage replacements with recycled aggregates within temperature ranges not above 200�c compare to about 25% reduction in strength of samples with 100% natural aggregates. For temperature ranges between 300�c and 400�c, an average of 55% reduction in strength was observed for samples with various percentage replacements with recycled aggregates.
Oikonomou N.D. (2005)., Recycled Concrete Aggregates., Cement and Concrete Composites, 27(2), 315-318.
Poon C.S. and Chan D. (2007)., The Uses of Recycled Aggregate in Concrete in Hong Kong., Journal of Resource, Conservation and Recycling, 50, 293-305.
Rao A., Jha K.N. and Misra S. (2007)., Use of Aggregates from Recycled Construction and Demolition Waste in Concrete., Journal of Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 50, 71-81.
Zaidi A. (2009)., Assessment of Recycled Aggregate Concrete., Modern Applied Science, 3(10), 47-54.
Rahal K. (2007)., Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Recycled Coarse Aggregate., Building and Environment, 42, 407-415.
Kodur V.R. and Raut N. (2010)., Performance of Concrete Structures under Fire Hazard: Emerging Trends., Indian Concrete Journal, 84(2), 23-31.
Khoury G.A. et. al. (2002)., Modelling of Heated Concrete., Mag Concrete Research, 54(2), 77-101.
Georgali B. and Tsakiridis P.E. (2005)., Microstructure of Fire-Damaged Concrete. A case study, Cement and Concrete Composites, 27, 255-259.
Demirel B. and Kelestemur O. (2010)., Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Produced with Finely Grounded Pumice and Silica Fume., Fire Safety Journal., 45, 385-391.
Arioz O. (2007)., Effects of Elevated Temperatures on Properties of Concrete., Fire Safety Journal, 42, 516-522.
Purkiss J.A. et. al. (2007)., Fire Safety Engineering Design of Structures., Butterworth-Heinemann, Elsevier, UK, 1-200.
Kodur V.K.R. and Phan L. (2007)., Critical Factors Governing the Fire Performance of High Strength Concrete Systems., Fire Safety Journal, 42(6), 482-488.
B.S. (1996)., Specification for Portland Cement., London: British Standards Institution, London.


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To qualify for your NISSAN NORTH REFERRAL REWARD, you must register your referral before they visit the Nissan/North Retail Facility.
We will contact your referral and attempt to set an appointment on your behalf. When your referral takes delivery of a new Nissan or any pre-owned vehicle, a customer will receive $75 into their Nissan One to One Rewards account.
The Gift Certificate will be honored at the Nissan/North Retail Facility. Use it for service, parts, rental cars, or your next vehicle purchase! The Gift Certificate is transferable as well.
Only one Gift Certificate will be isssued for each eligible vehicle delivery. The first person to refer the purchasing customer is entitled to the Gift Certificate.


Colleen Nazareth joined this group.
OAA Inc - Casual get together and meal.
Sustainability Gippsland joined this group.
Members and friends are invited to hear Rei Yong speak on the Jadam organic farming technique. This is a low-cost system based on anaerobic fermentation to produce beneficial soil biology that enhances crop production and controls soil borne diseases.
Further information on the technique is available at http://en.jadam.kr/.
Rei is also speaking at the NASAA conference at Mount Macedon on Friday the 27th of October https://www.nasaa.com.au/newsandevents/events.html.
FIELD DAY AND (VERY BRIEF) AGM SUNDAY JUNE 4TH 2017 The Busch family has been growing organic vegetables at Hillside for nearly one hundred years. The farm produces seasonal vegetables which are available to local buyers as well as a much wider market. Kane Busch will speak on their farming business and methods, an overview of the industry and the changes taking place. All welcome, not only OAA members. Bring your own chair and lunch - tea and coffee available. Bring suitable footwear for farm walk .
Introduction to Biodynamic Practices #3. SUNDAY 19TH JUNE, at the Organic Centre 14 McKean Street, Bairnsdale.
Pruning demonstration - Alan Broughton. Applying BD tree paste - Sharon Dent.
If the weather is bad we will be undercover, and possibly watch a film on Bio-Dynamics.
Your chance to ask questions and join in the discussion on this method of gardening and food production.
Introduction to Biodynamic Practices. (Led by Sharon Dent). Practical hands-on workshops, informal with plenty of time for questions and discussion. Venue Organic Centre, with some farm or garden visits. 10.30 am Start. We suggest you wear working clothes and bring food to share for lunch.
Sunday April 10th - BD500 stir, and talk about benefits of BD501 in humid conditions. Sunday May 15th - Building a BD compost heap, use of preps in compost, benefits of compost. We will need prunings and other leafy matter for the compost heap, preferably shredded (though we could do this at the organic centre). Sunday June 19th - Pruning and applying tree paste. Sunday July 10th - making a cowpat pit - we will need lots of bricks for this, if you can donate a few it would be a great help. In August and September we will be burying cow horns somewhere, and also having a share day for herbs - divisions very welcome of the following: Yarrow Valerian Chamomile Note: nettles and equisetum are also used but nettles grow from seed and equisetum is a weed in Australia and best obtained dried.
Biodynamic growing is an advanced organic system where a range of methods are used to enhance the growth of plants without using chemical sprays or artificial fertilizers. These include biological activator preparations which enliven soils and plants. The ones we will be looking at are BD500 and BD501. BD500 is made in a special process from cow manure, and fosters soil fertility, microbial activity and humus development. BD501 is finely ground quartz crystals and brings light to the plants, strengthening them in times of excess water, resulting in crisper, more upright plants with more flavor and better keeping quality. Soil fertility is based on compost and we will be building a biodynamic heap, learning about the compost preparations and talking about how biodynamic practices restore degraded soils. Cost: $5/day single, $10/day family. If participants wish to take some of the preps home a small donation may be made.
Rootstocks and scions will be available at low cost for a large range of fruit trees and plants. A very economical way to start or increase your orchard.
OAA members will graft your trees, or you can purchase scions to have a go yourself - or take home and graft onto existing trees.
Demonstrations and grafting from 1 o'clock onwards.
In 2011 Peter Vaughan's orchard at Wombat Creek was severely damaged by wildfire. He has rejuvenated the trees by grafting scions onto the trunks. Peter will be speaking at the grafting day on this process and his results. Peter will offer a demonstration of grafting onto a mature tree as part of his presentation.
People are encouraged to bring scions of rare but clearly identified varieties of apple, pear, plum and cherry varieties, to share.
Propagating material of other useful plants will also be available (tubers, bulbs, herbs, potted fruits, cuttings of grapes, figs, kiwifruit).
The OAA bookstore will be open, and the library.
All welcome - not limited to OAA members!
At the organic centre, 14 McKean Street, Bairnsdale.
This will be followed by Lunch (Barbecue available to use, stove, microwave) Tea/coffee/herbal teas available.
Followed with a talk by Alan Broughton: Soil Fertility - How does Nature do it? If we can use the principles of soil fertility maintenance found in natural ecosystems, we can develop agricultural systems that minimise the need for fertilisers.
As well as the opportunity to explore the gardens, wicking beds, composting facilities, time permitting, the film "DIRT" will also be available to watch.
All welcome - not limited to OAA members.
The OAA, based in East Gippsland Victoria, is a founding Australian Organic education, information and resource originator that has been actively supporting the broader community, home gardeners, land stewards and farmers, for over thirty years.
The association believes that for all aspects of agriculture, horticulture, and community to be sustainable, ecologically and economically vibrant and resilient, then at the heart there can only be a healthy, dynamic, engaging, regenerating, biologically diverse and healthy soil and environment.
The OAA is committed to offering and assisting the public to discover and initiate the key resources, education and information that will assist them to facilitate family, community, and the environment, in a secure, proactive, rewarding, and futuristic way.


NHRA officials announced today that the popular Mickey Thompson Tires Top Fuel Harley Drag Racing Series category will expand and compete at 10 events on the 2018 NHRA Mello Yello Drag Racing Series schedule. The first race of the season will take place at the season-opening Circle K NHRA Winternationals at Auto Club Raceway at Pomona in Pomona, Calif. Feb. 8-11.
The series will visit the Amalie Motor Oil NHRA Gatornationals and end their season at the Chevrolet Performance U.S. Nationals for the first time. The category will again race at the NHRA Arizona Nationals, Denso Spark Plugs NHRA Nationals, NHRA SpringNationals, Menards NHRA Heartland Nationals presented by Minties, NHRA Thunder Valley Nationals, NHRA New England Nationals, and NHRA Northwest Nationals.
The powerful two-wheel class will see an increase in qualifying sessions to four during the weekend and all 10 events will count towards the year-end championship, including a $17,000 purse.
March 15-18 Amalie Motor Oil NHRA Gatornationals Gainesville, Fla.
May 18-20 NHRA Menards NHRA Heartland Nationals Topeka, Kan.
Headquartered in Glendora, Calif., NHRA is the primary sanctioning body for the sport of drag racing in the United States. NHRA presents 24 national events featuring the NHRA Mello Yello Drag Racing Series, NHRA Lucas Oil Drag Racing Series and NHRA J&A Service Pro Mod Drag Racing Series. NHRA provides competition opportunities for drivers of all levels in the NHRA Summit Racing Series and the NHRA Drags: Street Legal Style presented by AAA. NHRA also offers NHRA Jr. Street for teens and the Summit Racing Jr. Drag Racing League for youth ages 5 to 17. In addition, NHRA owns and operates four racing facilities: Atlanta Dragway in Georgia; Gainesville Raceway in Florida; Lucas Oil Raceway at Indianapolis; and Auto Club Raceway at Pomona in Southern California. For more information, log on to NHRA.com, or visit the official NHRA pages on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter.


text:
Max Stern
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Lawyer profile for USA 2021
Insurance: Insurer - California
Max Stern has a strong reputation for his insurance coverage and defense work on behalf of carriers. His expertise covers professional liability and workers' compensation, among other areas.
"He is recognized by the industry as being a brilliant attorney. He's very intelligent and I enjoy working with him." "He's very knowledgeable and experienced."
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Max Stern is regularly retained by insurance carriers to litigate an array of disputes, including those arising from pollution, professional liability, bad faith and breach of contract claims. He also serves as chair of the insurance team within the firm's trial practice group.
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Mr. Stern is the chair of the Insurance Division of Duane Morris' Trial Practice Group. Mr. Stern is a trial and appellate lawyer, with an emphasis on a result-oriented approach to complex disputes. He has represented plaintiffs and defendants in insurance coverage and bad faith cases, business tort and other commercial litigation, consumer and business class actions, and both commercial and high-end residential real estate litigation. Mr. Stern has tried cases before juries, judges and arbitration panels, and he has argued appeals in a number of state (California and Texas) and federal (Second, Eighth, and Ninth Circuits) courts. He has handled matters in various lines, including general liability, specialty liability, professional liability, excess liability, workers' compensation, property, and personal accident. He provides oversight counsel for clients at a nationwide or regional level with respect to issues of coverage, claims handling, litigation management and corporate risk.
Duane Morris LLP: Partner, 2006-present; Hancock Rothert & Bunshoft LLP: Partner, 1999-2005, Associate, 1991-1999
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text:
Хуго Эрнст Будингер (, 10 июня 1927, Дюссельдорф, Германия — 7 октября 2017, Кёльн, Германия) — немецкий хоккеист (хоккей на траве), нападающий. Бронзовый призёр летних Олимпийских игр 1956 года.

Биография
Хуго Будингер родился 10 июня 1927 года в немецком городе Дюссельдорф.

В юности был артистом кабаре, гитаристом, издателем. Затем окончил ремесленное училище по специальности токаря и Немецкий спортивный университет Кёльна по специальности учителя физкультуры.

Играл в хоккей на траве за «Рот-Вайсс» из Кёльна.

В 1952 году вошёл в состав сборной ФРГ по хоккею на траве на Олимпийских играх в Хельсинки, занявшей 5-е место. Играл на позиции нападающего, провёл 5 матчей, забил (по имеющимся данным) 9 мячей (пять в ворота сборной Польши, четыре — Финляндии). Вместе с индийцем Балбиром Сингхом стал лучшим снайпером турнира.

В Хельсинки Будингер мог выступить не с хоккейной, а с футбольной сборной ФРГ: его хотел взять её тренер Зепп Хербергер.

В 1956 году вошёл в состав сборной ОГК по хоккею на траве на Олимпийских играх в Мельбурне и завоевал бронзовую медаль. Играл на позиции нападающего, провёл 5 матчей, забил 2 мяча (по одному в ворота сборных Новой Зеландии и Великобритании). Был капитаном, тренером и менеджером команды.

В 1960 году вошёл в состав сборной ОГК по хоккею на траве на Олимпийских играх в Риме, занявшей 7-е место. Играл на позиции нападающего, провёл 5 матчей, забил 2 мяча в ворота сборной Италии.

В 1951—1961 годах провёл 58 матчей за сборную ФРГ. В 1954 году выиграл в её составе неофициальный чемпионат Европы.

Был новатором в немецком хоккее, перенимая опыт Пакистана и Индии, а также опыт футбола.

21 января 1957 года за завоевание бронзы на летних Олимпийских играх в Мельбурне удостоен высшей спортивной награды ФРГ — «Серебряного лаврового листа».

В 1961—1969 годах после окончания игровой карьеры был спортивным директором Федерации хоккея ФРГ. Был одним из инициаторов создания хоккейной Бундеслиги, пропагандировал укладку синтетических полей, массовый и школьный хоккей в ФРГ.

Тренировал сборную ФРГ по хоккею на траве. Под его руководством команда в 1968 году заняла 4-е место на летних Олимпийских играх в Мехико (под маркой сборной ОГК), а в 1973 году завоевала бронзовую медаль на чемпионате мира в Нидерландах.

Параллельно занимался спортивной наукой. Читал лекции в Немецком спортивном университете Кёльна, где в 1979 году получил докторскую степень, защитив диссертацию по теме «Физические нагрузки в хоккее и улучшение выносливости с помощью контролируемых тренировочных занятий». В 1991 году стал почётным профессором.

В 1974 стал соучредителем тренерской академии в Кёльне, которой руководил до выхода на пенсию в 1993 году.

До 1993 года входил в Олимпийский комитет Германии, а затем вошёл в его совет старейшин.

В 1990-е годы также был членом Немецкой ассоциации гольфа, был консультантом по вопросам подготовки тренеров для работы с молодыми спортсменами.

Умер 7 октября 2017 года в Кёльне.

Память
В 2011 году введён в Зал славы немецкого спорта.

Примечания

Хоккеисты на траве Германии
Хоккеисты на траве на летних Олимпийских играх 1952 года
Хоккеисты на траве на летних Олимпийских играх 1956 года
Бронзовые призёры летних Олимпийских игр 1956 года
Хоккеисты на траве на летних Олимпийских играх 1960 года
Учёные Германии
Тренеры Германии
Тренеры мужской сборной Германии по хоккею на траве
Члены Зала славы немецкого спорта
Кавалеры Серебряного лаврового листа


I wanted to write a review (and I have) about the unique game called "Ramayan Wars- the ocean leap" on iTunes app store despite I posted it successfully, it disappears in air! How? So I'm posting it here where I control what to publish.
First of all, this is not just a game like League of Legends. It's more of telling a story and experiencing the 'Ramayana' and being part of it. After finishing the boss, when you enter into Lanka, you feel like you're there with Hanuman. Great cinematography, HD graphics, and overall a good experience.
Although 'the game' is tough to finish but it's well worth the time & efforts. It's a 3rd person, 3D game where you play as Hanuman, Maruti and starts your journey from India the take the ocean's leap to land of Lanka. The game has variety of levels and environments right from esophagus and intestine/abdomen of the demon to the beaches of India and Lanka. The difficulty level increases as you come closer to finishing the game and just like any other game this one has a technique to play which if you master, you'll be able to kill the boss. Although the game lacks puzzles but as I said earlier it's not just a game. If you want pure gaming, go buy other games for $8.
It's a must buy game for anyone who wants to learn /tell the story of Ramayan. It's good starting point for the Indian parents (especially NRIs) who want to introduce Ramayan to their kids that are sitting in strollers from baby-stroller reviews. The game is set on SunderKand, when Hanuman realises his true enormous power, takes big leap across the Indian Ocean to land in the Lanka to deliver the Ram's message to Sita. Oh! What a wonderful story of Ramayan I get goosebumps even while typing this. You can relate to it if you read the Ramayana. If you've not, here's the good reference point to get you started .
This entry was posted in gaming and tagged game, Iphone-apps on May 9, 2015 by Johny.


We're heading into the land of "The Secret River" – if you're familiar with the highly acclaimed novel of that name by Australian author Kate Grenville. You might have caught up with the story through the stage play or TV mini-series adapted from the novel.
It's a land of motorcycling that's both exciting and visually stunning; as well as a land rich in historic landmarks, notably linked to World Heritage listed remnants of convict-built structures: The Convict Trail.
You have likely read about the great motorcycling roads through the Hawkesbury-Hunter Ranges, with the Putty Road and the Wisemans Ferry/Wollombi Road high on the list. This story includes the latter but also encompasses alternative and complementary routes through the ranges and beyond; and highlights the unique attractions that can be enjoyed along the way.
Once the Sydney colony spread to the Hunter area (centred on Newcastle) north of Sydney, it became incumbent to have road access there. With the early expansion of the colony into the food bowl of the Hawkesbury area and the subsequent need for better transport to it, this area became the inevitable transit for the link between Sydney and the Hunter. Thus was devised the concept of the Great North Road.
Most of the Sydney end of the road has been lost to city development but there's still a stretch at its original start in Five Dock that preserves the name. It's more readily identifiable from Baulkham Hills to Wisemans Ferry but is called the Old Northern Road. Motorcycling Nirvana kicks in with a vengeance soon after the Old Northern Road absorbs Wisemans Ferry Road for the last 10km to the Hawkesbury.
At the time the original road was being planned, there was already a ferry service across the Hawkesbury River on the holdings of Solomon Wiseman that catered to the needs of the many settlers across the Hawkesbury and along its tributary Macdonald River. It was obvious that the Hawkesbury would be crossed at this point, thus locking in Wisemans Ferry as a lasting part of the history of the road. The daunting challenge was to breach the forbidding escarpment north of the river drenched in cliffs and crags for miles into the wilderness.
A route pretty much headlong into the escarpment was surveyed and given approval. Curiously, it seemed to ignore the many informal tracks that the Aboriginal inhabitants and early colonial settlers had been using to traverse the ranges.
The most spectacular – and World Heritage Listed – part of the Great North Road is along the section from close to where Wisemans Ferry drops you on the northern bank of the Hawkesbury River. Unfortunately, you can't ride this section (except on a bicycle) but an easy stroll a kilometre or so up Devines Hill Ascent from where you can park the bike is a fascinating treat that transports you back to the harshness of convict road gangs and the remarkable feats of engineering and construction that delivered the Great North Road.
This is the highlight of the Convict Trail. It features an array of convict built remains, such as stone retaining walls, cuttings, culverts, buttresses and stone cut drains. It's an hour (or more if you have the time and enthusiasm) that will be well rewarded.
There are also impressive structures, including bridges, at several other places along the Great North Road beyond Devines Hill Ascent all the way to Bucketty and onto Wollombi and beyond.
But let's go back a few steps and approach the village of Wisemans Ferry on the currently-called Old Northern Road. It identifies itself as such from around Baulkham Hills but you probably won't feel the history of it until you get closer to Wisemans Ferry when the road climbs to the top of a high ridge where, from Hawkins Lookout, you get a broad overview of the valley below in which the village of Wisemans Ferry is nestled. The sweeping turn of the Hawkesbury River is spectacular, the Webbs Creek Ferry (an alternative to Wisemans Ferry) and Webbs Creek itself can be clearly seen as can the Macdonald River flowing into the Hawkesbury. It's a view worth a stop to take in the ambit of the Secret River and its surrounds.
From here the road winds sharply and steeply into the village of Wisemans Ferry whose first sight is the old 1826 Wisemans Inn which started life as the mansion of Solomon Wiseman. It stills exhibits much of its old structures and charm. It was Solomon Wiseman who inspired Kate Grenville to write The Secret River, which turns a lot on his role in local happenings, including the construction of his mansion, and the family turmoils involved. Wiseman's grave stands today in the Wisemans Ferry cemetery. The book, of course, is fictional so Wiseman is never mentioned by name; nor is there historical evidence that a lot in the novel ever took place in the settings of the book.
W ithout reading too much into the name, there is a bit of mystique about the Hawkesbury River with its mouth tucked away almost secretly in the upper reaches of Broken Bay and the initial unregulated settlements that soon developed along both it and the even more potentially secret Macdonald River secreted well into rough country stretching far north of the Hawkesbury. It's along the Macdonald that one of the motorcycle rides from Wisemans Ferry takes shape.
A key feature of the story in the novel is the relationship between the local indigenous inhabitants and the newcomers. While the grimmer aspects depicted in the denouement of the story have been criticised for having no historical basis relating to the area, as a work of fiction I guess it's fair game to create events or transpose them from other settings. Putting that issue aside, there are known indigenous groups whose identities are preserved in names of the national parks within the ranges. There are also archaeological sites that preserve aspects of their lives, traditions and culture. These, of course, are highly regarded parts of the history of the area.
If you take Wisemans Ferry across the Hawkesbury, you have a choice of turning left or right. I've done both – on different trips. On the first trip I had planned to go left but wet weather and intelligence from a local resident warned of a treacherous climb on an extremely slippery gravel road from St Albans to Bucketty. So it was a right turn on that ride.
The right turn takes you on an adrenalin-filled, bitumen joyride the 'long way round' to Bucketty and Wollombi (more on that later).
A left turn takes you to St Albans on a 20 km half bitumen and half well-packed (and seemingly porous) road base of some sort. That sets you up for the 38 km gravel road from St Albans to Bucketty.
If St Albans is your choice of destination, there is another option: you can take Webbs Creek Ferry across the Hawkesbury from the village of Wisemans Ferry and have a bitumen road all the way to St Albans.
This road begins at the Wisemans Ferry exit and reidentifies itself as Wisemans Ferry Road. It starts with a picturesque ride along the northern banks of the Hawkesbury River for some 26 km staying pretty much on the same ridge line but sweeping with the river bends.
After another 11 km or so alongside Mangrove Creek, the road climbs into rougher country and swaps between different ridge lines making for varying experiences of turns and climbs. There are a few stretches of more civilised life but lots more rugged-country riding with mostly flowing curves before getting to Bucketty some 80 km from where you left the ferry. Somewhere along here Wisemans Ferry Road abandons you and puts you onto George Downes Drive.
Bucketty is where you meet up again with the Great North Road coming in on your left as the last part of the gravel road from St Albans. Even if you're not gravel-inclined, it's worth a turn into, if only for a few metres to stop and have a look at the Bucketty Precinct convict structures that are at the intersection but viewable from the side road. They include sandstone walling, drains, and culverts.
If you're a bit more adventurous, you have only about 7 km along the gravel to the unique St Albans Road Ramp on both sides of the road, with lots of convict vestiges all along the way. Then it's only a couple kilometres more to Mt Manning where the Great North Road emerges onto the St Albans/Bucketty Road.
The next stage from Bucketty to Wollombi is a 25 km ride through an interesting mix of hilly, rugged country and smooth turning through open farm country. And there's plenty to see and enjoy.
Along this stretch you'll encounter a few culverts and bridges that are part of the Convict Trail as well as places to drop in for a look or a refreshment, such as the Great Northern Trading Post at Laguna: "truly an eclectic, unique place to have a drink, a fabulous meal and listen to live music;" and Mulla Villa with its convict era links and buildings (and good coffee and scones).
Wollombi itself is loaded with history and worth a look around before venturing further.
It's here that the Great North Road splits. One branch goes straight ahead to Broke. The other turns right to head towards Maitland. Both branches have more relics from the convict era. If you go right and want to stay the course (i.e. stick to the original Great North Road route), you'll need to turn off the main road as you come out of Cessnock and veer left onto Old Maitland Road, but there's gravel afoot. If you're over convict-built culverts, stick to the bitumen.
St Albans and its gravel road to Bucketty had been my original plan on the first trip, so it was something I was looking forward to.
The pre-ordained route was Wisemans Ferry rather than Webbs Creek Ferry.
Turning left off the ferry takes you first across Thomas James Bridge. You don't see much from the road so it's easy to overlook. But the bridge built in 1830 is the oldest in-use bridge on mainland Australia (the only one older is in Tassie). It's supported by 6-metre-high stone abutments quarried from the surrounding hill side. It's quite a sight to look under the bridge.
Just past the bridge is the Great North Road Heritage area. I leisurely walked this section on the previous visit while basically killing time at Wisemans Ferry in unkind weather. It was undoubtedly a special experience which I could easily have been tempted to repeat had it not been for shortage of time, needing to get to Mudgee that night. But don't miss it.
The next 20km was an easy and pleasant cruise including 10 km of gravel to the tiny village of St Albans. The road leaves the Hawkesbury River soon after passing the Great North Road gate and follows the tributary Macdonald River up what locals from soon after the first colonial settlers called the Forgotten Valley (a lamentation over lack of government attention and services).
St Alban's most historic landmark is the old Settlers Arms Inn built in 1836; but the Forgotten Valley started to house colonial settlers in the form of escapees and emancipated convicts within a year or so of the first fleet's arrival.
Coffee and cake at the Settlers Arms seemed a good enough pretext to tarry there long enough to imbibe the ambience before setting out on the 38 km of gravel to Bucketty.
The road turned out to be a stark contrast to the local reports on the first trip. Maybe it's very susceptible to wet weather, possibly reflecting a combination of surface, climbs and lots of turns. The report I had got previously was that a 4x4 had trouble on the slippery surface. So be warned if it's wet.
On my second trip I couldn't have asked for a better road. The surface was mostly smooth, with only a few short sections mildly corrugated (despite being told in St Albans that the road was badly corrugated in parts). While there were climbs and several tight turns, none were what I'd call switchbacks as such. Overall, the ride was a very pleasant, unhurried, photo-filled jaunt.
It began by staying with the Macdonald River well into its Forgotten Valley before parting company and starting to gradually take up altitude and wooded surrounds. The road gently wound its way, quite curvy but not demanding, as it headed up to higher plateaus of grazing land. All very idyllic.
Along the way well into rugged country, I encountered an unexpected and enchanting highlight: a veritable chorus of bellbirds. I had been initially concerned my bike had developed a mysterious squeak until I stopped to take photos of a spectacular overhanging. The ringing of bellbirds was almost deafening; but delightfully so. Many of you – like the author – will undoubtedly recall the rote learning endured at school about "the notes of the bell-birds….running and ringing." You can ejoy the sound here .
About 9 km short of Bucketty the Great North Road, having continued beyond Devines Hill Ascent, emerges from the right to join the St Albans/Bucketty Road. At this point the Great North Road is accessible by vehicles from the St Albans/Bucketty Road. About 2 km back down the Great North Road from here is the convict-built Circuit Flat Bridge. I would have liked to visit it but the road (more a 4x4 track) looked a bit challenging and I was riding solo so I resisted the temptation. But it would make an interesting side trip.
If time had been on my side, I could have taken the walking track from the nearby expansive Mogo Creek Campground. It looked a great place to camp: lots of flat grassy space, BBQ places and toilets; and accessible from Bucketty on only 10 km of gravel.
By joining up with the Great North Road for the last 9 km from Mt Manning to Bucketty, the Convict Trail resumes; and convict structures abound. Coming down from the high point of Mt Manning with a drastic drop-off on the left, you cross the St Albans Road Ramp – a very substantial and high support for the road on both sides to get it across a large depression. Then it was on to the Bucketty Precinct.
From there, it was up to Wollombi as described above.
The combination of the left and right turns after exiting Wisemans Ferry on the north side of the Hawkesbury can be turned into a neat loop, with Bucketty serving as the northern fulcrum.
A night's stay at Wisemans Inn would add a lot of feel for the history of the place and allow a more leisurely and rewarding encounter with the Convict Trail. I spent three nights there on my first trip. If you're not into gravel, staying a night would also give you the opportunity to ride to St Albans on the bitumen from Webbs Creek Ferry. Next day you could ride to Bucketty and beyond on the bitumen.
There's a loop begging to be done by going to Bucketty (either via the left or tight turns from the ferry) and proceeding beyond Bucketty to Broke and across to the Putty Road for the return sector of the loop.
My choice on the most recent visit was St Albans, Bucketty, Broke, the Golden Highway; and then back through the Bylong Valley to Mudgee before taking in the newly fully sealed Bathurst to Crookwell road.
And what of the Great North Road itself?
Before it was finished it had already started to drift into decay. It was long and hard-going, with inadequate feed for horses and bullocks; and badly maintained. Alternative routes previously used through the most difficult parts up that forbidding escarpment north of the Hawkesbury were soon preferred. Then the coup de grace came with the introduction and attraction – pretty much coinciding with decline in the use of the Great North Road – of steam ship travel between Sydney and Newcastle. The Great North Road became an item of history almost as soon as it was completed.
Here is a photo album of the rides around Wisemans Ferry and the Convict Trail. There's a lot of photos that I couldn't fit onto the page, so please take a look.
 Just to keep you alert, Wisemans Ferry (and there is no apostrophe) can refer to either the village or one of the two Hawkesbury River ferry crossings from the village.
 From the poem "Bellbirds" by Henry Kendall.


Thoroughly reviewed Bureau of Labor Statistics data from last year indicate that, in the United States, there are currently more workers earning below the minimum wage than there are workers actually making the minimum wage itself.
On this Labor Day organized labor is more threatened than at any time in my life. Blamed for our economic ills stupid people forget it was Wall Street and Organized Capital that collapsed the economy driven by greed and short minded selfishness.
The Michigan Court of Appeals has ruled that voters will decide the fate of an amendment aimed at protecting collective bargaining rights come November. Predictably, opponents of the ballot initiative, led by the Michigan Chamber of Commerce, have vowed to take the issue to the Michigan Supreme Court.
The appeals court rejected a challenge to the proposal which claimed the law was too sweeping and affected too many laws. But nearly 600,000 Michigan voters had signed petitions to get the "Protect Our Jobs Amendment" on the ballot, signaling its ubiquitous appeal.
As defense industry titan Boeing enjoys record sales and income it has made shifting costs to its engineers and technical workers a focal point of contract negotiations with the Society of Professional Engineering Employees in Aerospace (SPEAA).
In the continuing, uphill battle against employee misclassification — or "classification fraud" — the IRS has announced a new program, the Voluntary Classification Settlement Program (VCSP), which would allow employers to reclassify independent contractors as employees for future tax periods. In exchange, the liability for past payroll obligations will be cut to 10 percent of the employment tax liability that may have been due on compensation paid to the workers for the most recent tax year.
Striking Waste Management workers in Seattle braced for a showdown yesterday when an estimated 200 replacement workers were expected to arrive for their first day on the job. Complaints from customers and threats from the city have forced Waste Management to resume regular garbage pickup, but rather than negotiate with striking Teamster members they decided to bring in help/scabs from out-of-state.
"The company wants us to cave, because we see replacement workers doing our jobs," says union driver Brent Barrett.
A new report by the Center for Progressive Reform (CPR) lays out a set of reforms that could help strengthen and stream line the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the 40-year old agency of the Department of Labor. The report notes that the now-underfunded agency had a ratio of inspectors to workers of 1-to-30,000 in the late 1970s. The ratio has since doubled to 1-to-60,000.
The report is alleged to be putting pressure on President Obama to reform OSHA if re-elected. A consensus is building around the importance of how workers report unsafe conditions and how the agency responds to this information above simply pumping more money into a semi-broken agency.
While millions of workers struggle to live on $7.25 an hour, CEO pay has increased by 725 percent over the past thirty years. A raise in the minimum wage would put more money in the pockets of working people and boost consumer spending, which drives 70 percent of our economy. In Fairfax, SEIU Virginia 512 members paired up with area 32BJ members in support of increasing the minimum wage.


text:
Q: Specialize EJB in JBoss I asked this a while ago within a Jboss 4.2.3 (JavaEE 5) context and got the answer to try Spring for configuration, but I'd rather not add another framework when it isn't necessary.
Now with JavaEE 6 and 7 out I have the feeling that there's a simpler solution for my problem. However I wasn't lucky searching yet so if you can get me on the right track, I'd really appreciate your help.
Here's the problem:
Suppose we have an EJB interface IEjb and a library that provides an implentation EjbA of that interface. There are several other libraries which provide further EJBs and a couple of those contain @EJB IEjb ref, i.e. they need a reference to en EJB which exposes interface IEjb.
Now, there is the need to completely replace EjbA with an alternate implementation EjbB, i.e. EjbA should never be using in the entire application.
There are a few options that we can't use or which would require rather large changes:

*

*"don't deploy the library containing EjbA": this is not possible, since there are other EJBs which are needed

*"extract EjbA from the lib": that would require rather large changes in our libraries and the applications that use them

*"implement EjbA as a non-EJB, subclass it when needed and make the subclass an EJB": the same reasons as above apply, this would require rather large changes

*"delete EjbA": there are other applications which need to use it, it's currently just one application which should use a replacement instead.

So there are a few ways that I could think of:

*

*tell the server not to deploy EjbA so that the only implementation of IEjb would be EjbB and dependency injection would be fine

*tell dependency injection to always use EjbB when an instance of IEjb is required (something like CDI's @Specializes but for EJBs - possible in JavaEE 7?)

Any ideas on this? Is this possible (I have the feeling that yes) and if so, how?

A note on the environment: we're currently running on JBoss 7.2.0, but if this would only be possible using Wildfly, this might be an option (although we'd prefer not to be forced to update already).

A: A couple of ideas:

*

*delete EjbA if it mustn't be used anyway

*remove the EJB annotations

*use @Inject to inject local EJBs (recommended anyway). I think CDI lets you specify a default implementation, AFAIK.

A: A littlebit late, but remember: EJB supports transactions, where as CDI-Beans not. But you could wrap the injection of an EJB in a corresponding CDI-bean, that proxies all methods of the EJB. To get enother EJB you'll write a @Specializes-CDI for it. Example (just to show, what I mean).
The Baseimplementation looks like this:
@Stateless // or whatever
class BaseEjb {
    public void doSomeMagic() {...}
}

@Named
class BaseCdi {
    @EJB
    private BaseEjb ejb;
    public void doSomeMagic() { ejb.doSomeMagic(); }
}

The customisation works like this:
@Stateless // or whatever
class SpecializedEjb extends BaseEjb {...}

@Specializes
class SpecializedCdi extends BaseCdi {
    @EJB
    private SpecializedEjb ejb;
    public void doSomeMagic() { ejb.doSomeMagic(); }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Rely on us for estate and foreclosure property cleanouts, property winterizations, property securing or boarding, hoarder resolution and cleanup, commercial clean outs, minor home repairs and limited demolition services. You can depend on us for cleanout and rubbish removal from any land, estate apartment, home or structure.
Why should you choose John's Cleanouts and Property Preservation, Inc.?
Whether you need to winterize your property or get a thorough property cleanup done before you sell your property, we can help you. John's Cleanouts and Property Preservation, Inc. is located in Rome, NY.
Call us at 315-941-8706 today.


Microsoft today announced file-upload improvements to its SharePoint Online service.
The improvements echo Microsoft's SkyDrive Pro enhancements announced late last week. SkyDrive Pro, which is a SharePoint-based client application for storing and accessing files, now supports file uploads of 2 GB max, up from a previous 250 MB limit.
It's also now possible to upload multiple files to SharePoint storage. Users can upload them via the upload dialog box, by the drag-and-drop method or they can use the standalone SkyDrive pro sync client, according to Microsoft's announcement.
Microsoft broadened the file types that can be stored using SharePoint Online. It's now possible to store .EXE and .DLL files in the cloud. "For SharePoint Online, our telemetry shows that customers want to store these files in the cloud along with their other content," explained Mark Kashman, a senior product manager for SharePoint marketing, in Microsoft's announcement.
The announcement claims that the .EXE and .DLL files don't get executed when uploaded to a SharePoint team site. Moreover, SharePoint has an antivirus scanner that will check if malicious files are uploaded.
Files are now retained in SharePoint Online's recycle bins for 90 days, which is an improvement from 30 days of retention. File versions now get tracked by default. SharePoint Online will list up to 10 file versions.
Microsoft is also increasing the number of SharePoint Online site collections that each of its customers can create. Previously, the site collection limit was 3,000 site collections per tenant. In the next few weeks, that limit will be expanded to 10,000 site collections per tenant maximum. However, the site collection expansion only applies to organizations using Office 365 Enterprise plans. Microsoft defines a site collection as "groups of websites organized into a hierarchy."
The new SharePoint Online improvements were made based on customer feedback, according to Kashman. SharePoint Online users can expect to see the new capabilities in "coming weeks," he noted.


3 storey family home with a separate 1 bedroom rental apartment, located just a few steps from the shore and enjoying beautiful views over the Caribbean.
The home, constructed of wood and reinforced masonry, is just 100 yards from the eastern shoreline of the island of Utila.
The ground floor contains a workshop and a one bedroom apartment that is a popular long term rental for tourists, and students attending the local scuba diving schools.
The second floor of this family home, contains a large open plan living area with kitchen, and a bathroom with a separate shower.
The folding louvered windows in combination with the vaulted ceilings make this a very bright and breezy living space with a tropical feel.
Natural Honduran timbers are a major feature of the home.
The breakfast bar is nicely finished with ceramic tiles.
The third floor offers two open plan sleeping areas, connected by a walkway across the great room, that leads to a balcony with a view over the Caribbean Sea.
This interesting and unique family home is connected to the public municipal power and has an air conditioning unit installed.
The property also has a cistern and it's own well.
This family home is set within 0.23 acres of land containing established plants and fruit trees in a fenced garden.
This property is located in a quiet cul-de-sac just 10 mins. from the amenities of Utila.
This attractive family home is just steps from Caribbean Sea & includes a separate rental apartment that is ideal for tourists and divers attending the local scuba diving schools.


text:
const chai = require('chai');
const chaiAsPromised = require('chai-as-promised');
const should = chai.should();
const logIn = require('../index');

chai.use(chaiAsPromised);

const username = process.env.SIDING_USERNAME;
const password = process.env.SIDING_PASSWORD;

describe('login', function() {
  it('builds the visit function correctly', function() {
    return logIn(username, password).should.eventually.be.ok;
  });
});

describe('visiting URLs', function() {
  it('visits the catalogue correctly', function() {
    return logIn(username, password).then(navigator => {
      return navigator.coursesCatalogue(2015, 1).then(res => {
        return res.body.includes('Cursos de Escuela');
      });
    }).should.eventually.be.true;
  });

  it('visits announcements correctly', function() {
    return logIn(username, password).then(navigator => {
      return navigator.courseAnnouncements(7345).then(res => {
        return res.body.includes('AVISOS');
      });
    }).should.eventually.be.true;
  });

  it('visits programmes correctly', function() {
    return logIn(username, password).then(navigator => {
      return navigator.courseProgramme(7345).then(res => {
        return res.body.includes('PROGRAMA');
      });
    }).should.eventually.be.true;
  });

  it('visits calendars correctly', function() {
    return logIn(username, password).then(navigator => {
      return navigator.courseCalendar(7345).then(res => {
        return res.body.includes('CALENDARIO');
      });
    }).should.eventually.be.true;
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety
The Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, part of the Galician Healthcare System (SERGAS), was designated by the World Health Organization as a Collaborating Centre for Vaccine Safety in 2018.
This is a great responsibility and a challenge, but one we can take on thanks to the excellence of the multidisciplinary clinical team at the Pediatrics Service of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago. Details of the team involved and the terms of this collaboration are detailed below.
Name of the University, Hospital, Research Institute,Academy or Ministry
Name of the Division, Department, Unit,Section or Area
PediatricsDepartment
WHO Collaborating Center for vaccine safety
Duration:
4 years - March 2018 to March 2022
Deputy coordinator
WHO CC Team
Research Managers and support staff
Main objectives
To assist WHO in developing / updating training materials for health workers on vaccine safety, contraindications, and clinical management of adverse events following immunization.
On request of WHO to provide support in conducting clinical AEFI investigations and AEFI crisis response.
To contribute to WHO work in training of health workers on vaccine safety, contraindications, and introduction of new vaccines.
Regular revision and update of the package of WHO training materials on vaccine safety and contraindications.
By WHO Regional Office for Europe request, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela developed a package of training materials on vaccine safety and contraindications for health workers. The training materials are aimed to improve health workers' knowledge and increase their confidence in vaccines in order to reduce missed opportunities to vaccinate infants due to not justified contraindications. The training materials have been used to conduct regional trainings of trainers and trainings of front-line health workers at country level.
The WHO Collaborating Center will conduct regular revision and update of the training materials. The updated package of training materials will be published at WHO web site and will be used to conduct trainings of health workers at regional and country levels.
Development of guidelines and training materials for health workers on clinical management of adverse events following immunization.
WHO Regional Office for Europe provides support to countries in investigation and response to adverse events following immunization. Countries experience in responding to clusters of adverse events following immunization revealed that additional resources and tools should be developed to support health workers in clinical management of clusters of anxiety-related AEFIs.
WHO Collaborating Center will develop guidelines and training materials on clinical management of AEFIs. The training materials will be used to conduct trainings of health workers at regional and national levels and will be published at WHO website.
Clinical support to WHO to investigate serious cases and clusters of adverse events following immunization.
WHO provides support to countries in investigation and response to severe cases and clusters of adverse events following immunization, including expert advice on clinical diagnostics and clinical management of AEFI cases.
WHO Collaborating Center will establish a multidisciplinary team of clinical experts from the Public Health Services Provider in Galicia (SERGAS) who will provide support to countries in clinical investigation of severe cases and clusters of AEFIs. The support will be provided immediately in real time using emedia (teleconferences, email, etc) and / or in the field.
Conduct training of trainers on vaccine safety, contraindications, and clinical managements of AEFIs.
WHO Collaborating Center will provide qualified and experienced experts to lead WHO trainings for health workers to prepare key confident trainers in the area of vaccine safety and contraindications.
Who materials
Guideline on "Vaccine safety and false contraindications to vaccination"
Guideline on "Vaccine safety and false contraindications to vaccination" (Russian version)
Vaccine information sheets
Other WHO Material
Please use the contact page.


Most folks in town a century or two ago would have not been pleased with the warmer than usual winter of 2005-06. It's not that they loved cold; it's just that they liked to get their work done.
Warm winters were a muddy mess, and mud was the enemy of the farmer. When the ground was frozen, the narrow wheels of wagons could handle the dirt roads and farm paths with ease. Thawed, roads and paths were one miry mess after another.
When the ground was snow-covered, life was even better for the farmer, whose slays, sleds and sledges could get much more work done than could wheeled vehicles. A horse could drag four times more weight on a sled across snow than could a wheeled cart across dirt.
That meant that farmers could easily haul timber home from the woods to cut for firewood, to saw into lumber, or even to hew into railroad ties. It meant that stoneboats could remove large boulders from fields, and that other heavy-duty tasks could be accomplished.
Winters may have been colder back then, but the work was harder and kept people warmer.