Normal needs and processes like food, shelter, health, etc. are affected and deteriorate depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster.
It may also be termed as "a serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources."
Thus, in simple terms we can define disaster as a hazard causing heavy loss to life, property and livelihood.
e.g. a cyclone killing 10,000 lives and a crop loss of one crore can be termed as disaster.
It is defined as "the extent to which a community, structure, service, and/or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction and proximity to hazardous terrain or a disaster prone area."
Hazards are defined as "Phenomena that pose a threat to people, structures, or economic assets and which may cause a disaster. They could be either manmade or naturally occurring in our environment."
Government of India [GoI], Ministry of Home Affairs [MHA] and United Nations Development Programme [UNDP] have signed an agreement on August 2002 for implementation of "Disaster Risk Management" Programme to reduce the vulnerability of the communities to natural disasters, in identified multi–hazard disaster prone areas.
Goal: "Sustainable Reduction in Natural Disaster Risk" in some of the most hazard prone districts in selected states of India".
The programme has been divided into two phases over a period of six years. Phase I [2002-2004] would provide support to carry out the activities in 28 select districts in the states of Bihar, Gujarat and Orissa. In phase II [2003-2007], the Programme would cover 141 districts in the states of Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.
Special Focus: 38 Earthquake prone cities having more than half a million population.
It may be easier to make long distance calls during an earthquake. Identify an out-of-town relative or friend as your family's emergency contact. If the family members get separated after the earthquake and are not able to contact each other, they should contact the designated relative/friend. The address and phone number of the contact person/relative should be with all the family members.
Move to a clear area away from buildings, trees, overpasses, or utility wires, stop, and stay in the vehicle. Once the shaking has stopped, proceed with caution. Avoid bridges or ramps that might have been damaged by the quake.
Check for fire hazards and use torchlights instead of candles or lanterns.
Keep watch on weather and listen to radio or TV. Keep alert about the community warning systems – loudspeakers, bells, conches, drums or any traditional warning system.
Get to know the nearest cyclone shelter / safe houses and the safest route to reach these shelters.
Do not listen to rumours.
Stocks dry food – Chura, Chhatua, Mudhi, gur, etc.
A first aid kit, manual, etc.
Check the roof and cover it with net or bamboo. Check the walls, pillars, doors and windows to see if they are secure. If not, repair those at the earliest. In case of tin roofs, check the condition of the tin and repair the loose points. Cover the mud walls with polythene or coconut leaves mats or straw mats on a bamboo frame. Bind each corner of the roof with a plastic rope in case of thatched roof.
Trim dry tree branches, cut off the dead trees and clear the place/courtyard of all debris, including coconuts and tree branches.
Clear your property of loose materials that could blow about and cause injury or damage during extreme winds.
If your area is prone to storm surge, locate safe high ground or shelter.
Keep important documents, passbook, etc. in a tight plastic bag and take it along with your emergency kits if you are evacuating.
Identify the spot where you can dig holes to store food grains, seeds, etc. in polythene bags.
Keep a list of emergency addresses and phone numbers on display. Know the contact telephone number of the government offices /agencies, which are responsible for search, rescue and relief operations in your area.
Store loose items inside. Put extra agricultural products/ stock like paddy in plastic bags and store it by digging up a hole in the ground, preferably at a higher elevation and then cover it properly. Fill bins and plastic jars with drinking water.
Prepare a list of assets and belongings of your house and give information to volunteers and other authorities about your near and dear ones.
Fill fuel in your car/motorcycle and park it under a solid cover. Tie bullock carts, boats securely to strong posts in an area, which has a strong cover and away from trees. Fallen trees can smash boats and other assets.
Close shutters or nail all windows. Secure doors. Stay indoors, with pets.
Pack warm clothing, essential medications, valuables, papers, water, dry food and other valuables in waterproof bags, to be taken along with your emergency kit.
Listen to your local radio / TV, local community warning system for further information.
In case of warning of serious storm, move with your family to a strong pucca building. In case of warning of cyclones of severe intensity, evacuate the area with your family, precious items and documents and emergency kit. Take special care for children, elders, sick, pregnant women and lactating mothers in your family. Do not forget your emergency food stock, water and other emergency items. GO TO THE NEAREST CYCLONE SHELTER.
Do not venture into the sea for fishing.
Based on predicted wind speeds and storm surge heights, evacuation may be necessary. Official advice may be given on local radio / TV or other means of communication regarding safe routes and when to move.
Wear strong shoes or chappals and clothing for protection.
Lock your home, switch off power, gas, water, and take your emergency kit.
If evacuating to a distant place take valuable belonging, domestic animals, and leave early to avoid heavy traffic, flooding and wind hazards.
If evacuating to a local shelter or higher grounds carry the emergency kit and minimum essential materials.
Disconnect all electrical appliances and turn off gas.
Listen to your transistor radio for updates and advice.
Beware of the calm `eye'. If the wind suddenly drops, don't assume the cyclone is over; violent winds will soon resume from the opposite direction. Wait for the official "all clear".
If driving, stop – but well away from the sea and clear of trees, power lines and watercourses. Stay in the vehicle.
Do not go outside until officially advised it is safe.
Check for gas leaks. Do not use electric appliances, if wet.
Listen to local radio for official warnings and advice.
If you have to evacuate, or did so earlier, do not return until advised. Use a recommended route for returning and do not rush.
Beware of fallen power lines, damaged bridges, buildings and trees, and do not enter the floodwaters.
Heed all warnings and do not go sightseeing.
This guide lists simple things you and your family can do to stay safe and protect your property from floods.
All your family members should know the safe route to nearest shelter/ raised pucca house.
If your area is flood-prone, consider alternative building materials. Mud walls are more likely to be damaged during floods. You may consider making houses where the walls are made of local bricks up to the highest known flood level with cement pointing.
Waterproof or polythene bags for clothing and valuables, an umbrella and bamboo stick (to protect from snake), salt and sugar.
Tune to your local radio/TV for warnings and advice.
Prepare to take bullock carts, other agricultural equipments, and domestic animals to safer places or to higher locations.
Keep your food covered, don't take heavy meals.
Use raw tea, rice-water, tender coconut-water, etc. during diarrhoea; contact your ANM/AWW for ORS and treatment.
Do not let children remain on empty stomach.
Use bleaching powder and lime to disinfect the surrounding.
Help the officials/volunteers distributing relief materials.
Firstly pack warm clothing, essential medication, valuables, personal papers, etc. in waterproof bags, to be taken with your emergency kit.
Inform the local volunteers (if available), the address of the place you are evacuating to.
Raise furniture, clothing and valuables onto beds, tables and to the top of the roof (electrical items highest).
Whether you leave or stay, put sandbags in the toilet bowl and over all laundry / bathroom drain-holes to prevent sewage back-flow.
Lock your home and take recommended/known evacuation routes for your area.
Do not get into water of unknown depth and current.
Do not allow children to play in, or near, flood waters.
Avoid entering floodwaters. If you must, wear proper protection for your feet and check depth and current with a stick. Stay away from drains, culverts and water over knee-deep.
Do not use electrical appliances, which have been in floodwater until checked for safety.
Do not eat food, which has been in floodwaters.
Boil tap water (in cities) until supplies have been declared safe. In case of rural areas, store tube well water in plastic jars or use halogen tablets before drinking.
Be careful of snakes, snakebites are common during floods.
Never take the elevator during fire!
It is important to know what kind of stove or cooking oven you have in your home – gas, electric, kerosene or where firewood is used. The stove is the No. 1 cause of fire hazards in your kitchen and can cause fires, which may destroy the entire house, especially in rural areas where there are thatched roof or other inflammable materials like straw kept near the kitchen. For electric and gas stoves ensure that the switch or the gas valve is switched off/turned off immediately after the cooking is over. An electric burner remains hot and until it cools off, it can be very dangerous. The oven using wood can be dangerous because burning embers remain. When lighting the fire on a wooden fuel oven, keep a cover on the top while lighting the oven so that sparks do not fly to the thatched roof. After the cooking is over, ensure that the remaining fire is extinguished off by sprinkling water if no adult remains in the kitchen after the cooking. Do not keep any inflammable article like kerosene near the kitchen fire.
Do keep hair tied back and do not wear synthetic clothes when you are cooking.
Do make surethat the curtains on the window near the stove are tied back and will not blow on to the flame or burner.
Do check to makesure that the gas burner is turned off immediately if the fire is not ignited and also switched off immediately after cooking.
Don't put towels, or dishrags near a stove burner.
Don't wear loose fitting clothes when you cook, and don't reach across the top of the stove when you are cooking.
Don't put things in the cabinets or shelves above the stove. Young children may try to reach them and accidentally start the burners, start a fire, catch on fire.
Don't store spray cans or cans carrying inflammable items near the stove.
Don't let small children near an open oven door. They can be burnt by the heat or by falling onto the door or into the oven.
Don't lean against the stove to keep warm.
Don't use towels as potholders. They may catch on fire.
Don't overload an electrical outlet with several appliances or extension cords. The cords or plugs may overheat and cause a fire.
Don't use water to put out a grease fire. ONLY use baking soda, salt, or a tight lid. Always keep a box of baking soda near the stove.
Don't use radios or other small appliances (mixers, blenders) near the sink.
Do you know that you should never run if your clothes are on fire and that you should - "STOP – DROP-ROLL."
Stay alert and awake. Many debris-flow fatalities occur when people are sleeping. Listen to a Weather Radio or portable, battery-powered radio or television for warnings of intense rainfall. Be aware that intense, short bursts of rain may be particularly dangerous, especially after longer periods of heavy rainfall and damp weather.
Be especially alert when driving. Embankments along roadsides are particularly susceptible to landslides. Watch the road for collapsed pavement, mud, fallen rocks, and other indications of possible debris flows.
In an area prone to landslides, publish a special newspaper section with emergency information on landslides and debris flows. Localize the information by including the phone numbers of local emergency services offices, the Red Cross, and hospitals.
Report on what city and county governments are doing to reduce the possibility of landslides. Interview local officials about local land- use zoning regulations.
Interview local officials and major insurers. Find out if debris flow is covered by flood insurance policies and contact your local emergency management office to learn more about the program.
Work with local emergency services to prepare special reports for people with mobility impairments on what to do if evacuation is ordered.
Support your local government in efforts to develop and enforce land-use and building ordinances that regulate construction in areas susceptible to landslides and debris flows. Buildings should be located away from steep slopes, streams and rivers, intermittent-stream channels, and the mouths of mountain channels.
In an area prone to landslides, publish a special newspaper section with emergency information on landslides and debris flows. Localize the information by including the phone numbers of local emergency services offices, the American Red Cross chapter, and hospitals.
Interview local officials and major insurers regarding the National Flood Insurance Program. Find out if debris flow is covered by flood insurance policies from the National Flood Insurance Program and contact your local emergency management office to learn more about the program.
Work with local emergency to prepare special reports for people with mobility impairments on what to do if evacuation is ordered.
Develop a Family Disaster Plan. Please see the "Family Disaster Plan" section for general family planning information. Develop landslide-specific planning.
Learn about landslide risk in your area. Contact local officials, state geological surveys or departments of natural resources, and university departments of geology. Landslides occur where they have before, and in identifiable hazard locations. Ask for information on landslides in your area, specific information on areas vulnerable to landslides, and request a professional referral for a very detailed site analysis of your property, and corrective measures you can take, if necessary.
Indian railways is one of the busiest rail networks in the whole world. In a single day it runs around 14,500 trains across various terrains covering 63,140 kilometers that transports millions of passengers. It is also participating in a Trans-Asian railway link project. Looking for greater financial success it has deployed information technology in its various commercial activities. However its disaster management plan is far from being an efficient one, every time a crisis has occurred that the lack of an efficient mechanism has come to fore. This paper looks at Indian Railways present disaster management plan and proposes different strategies in using information technology for disaster preparedness and response. It proposes the setup of a disaster management network that has both private and public interface.


I don't understand this, my mother in law passed away a few months ago and there is two executers of the will one from my wife side of the family and one from my father in laws side who passed a few years ago. There were two families brought together from a remarriage.
The will states that all asset's will be combined sold and split between the siblings on both sides.
I do know there was two different trust set up one in each of there names for tax reasons. One of the trust paid for assistant living because the mother in law had dementia. most of that money was used up.
Tonight I asked how much money was in my father in laws trust and all I'm getting is the silent treatment. I just don't understand why they wont disclose this to me or my wife is this normal?
there is quite a bit of rental property and few commercial buildings and cash in the trust account. Am I not entitled to know these figures?
You, as a Brother-In-Law likely have no entitlement to know.
Your wife, an actual sibling, likely has more standing to know amounts, etc.
However, death / wills / money seems to bring out the worst in some people.
It is a matter of family dynamics, not a legal issue. These things can become very ugly. I would counsel patience at this point.
I was executor for my mom's estate a few years ago but I don't claim to be an expert. Having said that, I would say that no your wife is not entitled to these figures at this time. The executor(s) is responsible to ensure all outstanding accounts are settled etc... Once the estate is settled, which takes a court decree to finalize, then she should be given an accounting of how things were settled as well as any distributions. This may not be a quick process depending on the estate.
They probably don't want to talk numbers at this time so that you don't form any misconceptions about the value of the estate as it might not resemble the same once the executor is complete with their fiduciary responsibilities.
I has been a few years (~15 or so) since I did this and my memory is a little fuzzy. There is plenty of information out there if you wish to become more familiar with the process.
Yep... Things can get nasty during the settlement. You would be wise to engage your own estate attorney.
...there was two different trust set up one in each of there names for tax reasons. One of the trust...most of that money was used up.
Tonight I asked how much money was in my father in laws trust and all I'm getting is the silent treatment. ...is this normal?
Estates can be pretty complicated and when all of the 'actors' in an estate are family it can be pretty petty as well.
I can't answer your question with any authority, nor can anyone else without having access to the governing documents, the Will(s) and the two trusts. To go to probate the will(s) have to be admitted at court and they are then public, as in everybody can see what's there. State laws may vary but that's the routine. Unless you are named in the will being probated they have no duty to you for anything. It sounds like your wife is named and she has a right to that info from the executors as well as regular accountings. OK so far?
A trust is not run by an executor but by a trustee. The trustee and the executor may be the same person but the duties are different. the trust is controlled and administered under what is written 'within the four corners of the document" as old school lawyers like to say. Everything the trustee must do, may do, must not do and should do are in there, perhaps in detail or perhaps in broad form.
Benefeciaries of the trust are entitled in every state to periodic accountings, and in my lengthy experience this is frequently the center of court action because for some reason private (that is non-professional, for hire trustees) frequently don't bother to learn the specific laws they have to live under.
The benefeciaries of the trust are not necessarily the same as in the estate, and no, the trust is not in the estate. It may pay into it, but then it isn't controlled by the trust anymore but by the will in probate.
So to answer your question, kind of: You have no right to any info unless you are named in that entity. Your wife probably does for the estate. The trust may or may not have her name in it, if she's in there the trustees have to communicate.
It's too late in your situation but several states allow a Transfer on Death (TOD) instead of a will. It has many advantages. Can apply to all assets and cheaper to have executed.
If the will still has to pass through probate - you/wife can question and contest at that time.
It's not out of the ordinary for executors and trustees to decline information requests from non-beneficiaries.
It's covered above, but I echo the advice to have your wife, assuming she is a beneficiary, make all the requests for information. If your wife is not a beneficiary (maybe she isn't named in the father-in-law's will/trust?) then they should let you know that, when they decline to provide information.
Your state's laws will determine what information a beneficiary can demand from the executor of the will and the trust documents will outline the obligations the trustees may have to provide info to beneficiaries.
It may be that you are conflating things - there are two decedents (mother-in-law and father-in-law) so that would indicate two different wills. You've also mentioned there may be more than one trust involved, and each trust would have been set up with trustees and beneficiaries. Anyway, all four of those documents (2x wills, 2x trusts) presumably are distinct.
Given as you said this was a remarriage/blended family situation, it could well be that the beneficiaries are different across those documents.
I've been a "Personal Representative" twice - both for Michigan estates - and a "Trustee" once - and I can tell you that in MI, while the executor/trustee has responsibilities to beneficiaries to the court, other than to settle the decedent's obligations there are no responsibilities to anyone else. In addition, beneficiaries have privacy rights it would not be wise for an executor/trustee to breach.
That statement belongs in the "Truths" thread.
"Oh just give me a ball park figure"
During the execution of the will, major outstanding debts have to be settled, "owned" rental property was still mortgaged, neglected, damaged, etc, resulting in a major reduction of the figure X previously given.
A will is a public document that goes through probate and is contestable. A trust is a private document that is not contestable. You and your spouse may have no right whatsoever to know what is in the trust or how those assets were to be distributed. The trustee is legally responsible to execute the orders of the trust without discretion unless the trust allows for such.
Thanks for the reply's My wife is 1/7 on the receiving end of this inheritance which since we have been married 33 years, I think I might get 50 cents or something.
for the most part the families get along so I guess that's what has stumped me, I did find out today that my brother who is one of the executers say's he has no idea either what is in my father in laws trust, he claims he has asked the other executer and she wont tell him and that we just half to wait until the attorneys and accountants give us the details. I find this hard to believe but you cant get blood out of a turnip. I just figured that he should have full access to all of it. I certainly don't understand why things need to be so difficult.
One thing for certain when it comes to money and family matters it brings out the worst in people.
a sibling of mine is a financial wizard of sorts, with his own money , he did mom's and grandma's estates.
both were a very very bad experience.
when a third relative asked him to handle an uncles estate, he told them " for 1/3 of the total money of the estate"
thats the only way he would do it again.
all parties had to sign the agreement.
Not to go into detail, but I have seen some ugly stuff. You never know who will turn into that person.
Hopefully, at least the family member on your side will keep everything honest and do a competent job. Even better if they both are and transparent in the process.
If I were those two people, with the number of people that may be beneficiaries, I'd try to communicate well with everyone to explain the process going forward or better yet, have the attorney handling the estate do that.
An attorney experienced in handling wills, estates and trusts should have dealt with this before and know the best way to handle these things.
State law will determine how this is handled. My wife's father passed away in Florida and the law required an attorney to be involved in that case.
Maybe read up on the state law that has jurisdiction as a starter.
Is this the same thing like on your 401(k) and bank accounts where you list the beneficiary(ies) on the accounts?
When you list a beneficiary - someone who is to receive the proceeds of an account upon your death, and assuming no trust is involved, what role (if any) does the executor of the will have, assuming the accounts are not mentioned in the will? Do the proceeds go directly to the beneficiary without the executor getting involved?
Maybe, maybe not. Inheritances are often held separate when dividing up assets, unless the assets have been comingled.
I cannot speak to your specific situation but I know in my families (my dad) it is set up to be very transparent however we (myself and siblings) decided to add language that specifies that spouses are not privy to any info and have no "voice" in any decisions.


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text:
Tuberculosis is primarily a respiratory disease that is caused by can persist and replicate in macrophages in vivo, usually in organized cellular constructions called granulomas
May 9, 2021 / Beverly Boyd
Tuberculosis is primarily a respiratory disease that is caused by can persist and replicate in macrophages in vivo, usually in organized cellular constructions called granulomas. 9 million fresh instances and 1.5 million deaths each year(1). The causative agent, is definitely primarily transmitted via NKP608 aerosolized droplets and inhaled into the lungs where it is able to set up infection. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that only 30% of people exposed to result in established infections in humans, so in many instances the innate reactions must be adequate to destroy the few bacilli that make their way to the respiratory tract. Founded infection is definitely measured in humans by development of T cell reactivity against a relatively crude mixture of mycobacterial antigens (tuberculin or purified protein derivative, PPD) using a tuberculin pores and skin test (delayed hypersensitivity reaction), or by interferon gamma (IFN-g) launch assays (ELISA or ELISPOT) for T cells that react against can lead to active tuberculosis, defined as having symptoms consistent with disease (prolonged cough, weight loss), radiographic evidence of lesions in lungs, and tradition of from sputum or additional anatomic sites. Active tuberculosis happens in 5C10% of infected persons. The majority of humans infected with control but do not eliminate the illness, have no medical indicators of disease and are not NKP608 contagious. This clinically silent infection is definitely termed latent tuberculosis illness (LTBI). It is estimated that one-third of the worlds populace offers LTBI. Reactivation happens in ~10% of latently infected humans, sometimes decades after the initial illness, and presents with the same symptoms as active tuberculosis. Thus, the more than 2 billion people with LTBI serve as an enormous reservoir of potential disease and transmission. The immune response plays a major role in controlling initial illness (i.e. avoiding development of active tuberculosis) and avoiding reactivation of LTBI. Upon entering the airways, is definitely engulfed by alveolar macrophages and begins to replicate. The organism can then enter the lung parenchyma, infecting additional macrophages and dendritic cells. This prospects to the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which results in recruitment of additional immune cells to the site, including monocytes which differentiate into macrophages, and neutrophils. Dendritic cells in the airways and parenchyma phagocytose bacilli and migrate to lung draining lymph nodes, which also become infected. In the lymph nodes, a T NKP608 cell response (both CD4 and CD8) is definitely generated. The T cells migrate back to the site of illness in the lungs and participate in granuloma formation. Granulomas are the pathologic hallmark of tuberculosis. These NKP608 are complex organized spherical constructions consisting of macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils (Number 1.) Often, the center of the granuloma is definitely necrotic, termed caseous necrosis. This structure is the result of Rabbit Polyclonal to TEP1 the hosts attempt to consist of and limit the infection. In fact, studies in non-human primates show that some granulomas are capable of sterilizing the infection, while others in the same sponsor are not. The success NKP608 of the granuloma in killing the bacilli is likely a major factor in end result of illness. Poor killing of the bacilli appears to lead to dissemination and formation of additional granulomas, or development of more complex pathologies such as pulmonary consolidations, tuberculosis pneumonia, and cavities. offers devised mechanisms for survival within the granuloma, and this structure can serve mainly because a niche for persistent illness. Thus, immune reactions at the site of illness (granulomas) are extremely important for control of illness. However, in humans, it is definitely nearly impossible to assess immune reactions in granulomas. Instead, T cell reactions in humans are primarily analyzed in blood, since this is the sample most commonly from individuals. Our data from macaques suggests that peripheral (blood) responses are a poor indication of T cell reactions in granulomas (2). Open in a separate window Number 1 Lung granulomas from is considered to be an intracellular pathogen, it can also survive and replicate extracellularly pathogen in vivo and in vitro. The primary sponsor cell is the macrophage, where can block phagolysosome fusion and replicate within the phagosome while additional reports suggest that the bacillus can also enter the cytoplasm of sponsor cells (examined by (3)). It has also been.
Categories: Hydroxytryptamine, 5- Transporters
« Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Figures 41598_2018_27568_MOESM1_ESM	Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer »

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


the screencast is about 5 seconds out of sync with the recording of Brian. The video recording of the room is in sync.
Really solid session. Starts with improvements in Microsoft Edge and then goes on to ES6 and ES7 with some great examples. Solid presentation!
1. When will the slides be put up?
2. The audio even in the High Quality video is quite scratchy and low. Even on full volume on my laptop I can barely hear Brian.


text:
Ороско — іспанське прізвище. Відомі носії:

 Алехандра Ороско — мексиканська стрибунка у воду, олімпійська медалістка.
 Рауль Ороско — болівійський футбольний арбітр.
 Рафаель Ороско — іспанський піаніст.
 Роберто Гарсія Ороско — мексиканський футбольний арбітр.
 Хосе Клементе Ороско — мексиканський живописець і графік.

Ороско — назва місцевості:
 Ороско (Біскайя) — муніципалітет в Іспанії, у складі автономної спільноти Країна Басків, у провінції Біскайя.

Іспанські прізвища

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Above: Robert Stoutzker (centre) with two students from Capel Manor who have been gaining valuable work experience working as part of the London Edible Gardens team on the new Waldorf Astoria Hotel project. Robert says "Alison and Julius have been brilliant in eveyr way."
The two orchards at London Syon Park will initially be mainly apples, pears and soft fruit. Future plans include expanding them to include plums, apricots and figs; and planting a Wildflower Meadow to provide edible flowers and attract bees (from Lee's beehives) to increase the garden's yield and productivity through pollination.


text:
Q: show that the limit does not exist: $\lim_{x\to0}\frac{1}{x^2}$
Show that the following limit does not exist:
  $$\lim_{x\to 0}\frac{1}{x^2}$$
$(x>0)$

The $\delta$ - $\varepsilon$ definition can be used to prove a given limit exists for some function at a particular point. My question is, can we prove the non-existence of a limit using the $\delta$ - $\varepsilon$ definition? (A little hint on how, if yes.)
Besides that, what (other) methods can we use?

[SIMILAR POST: Can we prove that there is no limit at $x=0$ for $f(x)=1/x$ using epsilon-delta definition? ]

A: What is asserted is that there is no finite limit. Prove by contradiction. Suppose $\lim_{x\to 0+}\frac 1 {x^{2}}=L$ exists and is finite. Then we can find $\delta >0$ such that $|\frac 1 {x^{2}}-L|<1$ whenever $0<x<\delta$. If $n$ is any sufficiently large integer then  $0<\frac  1 n<\delta$ so, taking $x=\frac 1 n$ we get $| n^{2}-L|<1$. This gives $n^{2} <L+1$ for any sufficiently large integer $n$ which is obviously a contradiction.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: MVC PayPal Helper error: PayPal.Platform.SDK.FATALException I was using PayPal helper http://paypalhelper.codeplex.com and was getting an error PayPal.Platform.SDK.FATALException
After that i took the source code too have look what is happening there and after i debug one of the tests in the test project public void TestImplicitSimplePay() and find out that it is throwing an error in the class SoapEncoder in method Decode in line 96 return (object)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
public static object Decode(string soapEnvelope, Type toType)
        {
            XmlSerializer serializer = null;

            try
            {
                /// Initializing the XMLSerializer.
                serializer = new XmlSerializer(toType);

                /// Removing SOAP outer Envelope
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"><soapenv:Header /><soapenv:Body>", string.Empty);
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("</soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>", string.Empty);
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("xmlns:ns2=\"http://svcs.paypal.com/types/ap\"", string.Empty);
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("ns2:", string.Empty);
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("soapenv:", string.Empty);
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("ns3:", string.Empty);
                soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("xmlns:ns2=\"http://svcs.paypal.com/types/ap\"", string.Empty);

                /// Deserializing and Returning the XML
                using (MemoryStream reader = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(soapEnvelope)))
                {
                    return (object)serializer.Deserialize(reader); //Error here
                }
            }
            catch (FATALException)
            {
                throw;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new FATALException("Error occurred in SoapEncoder->Decode method", ex);
            }
            finally
            {
                serializer = null;
            }
        }

soapEnvelope xml:
<xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
    <Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\">
        <Header/>
        <Body>
            <PayResponse >
                <responseEnvelope>
                    <timestamp>2011-08-09T00:28:53.399-07:00</timestamp>
                    <ack>Success</ack>
                    <correlationId>621854fd57929</correlationId>
                    <build>2012864</build>
                </responseEnvelope>
                <payKey>AP-1SE162159L922805T</payKey>
                <paymentExecStatus>COMPLETED</paymentExecStatus>
        </PayResponse>

May be some one come across that and know what i can do to fix that?

A: Replace this line:
soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"><soapenv:Header /><soapenv:Body>", string.Empty);

With:
soapEnvelope = soapEnvelope.Replace("<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"><soapenv:Header/><soapenv:Body>", string.Empty);

The response from Paypal seems to have altered slightly and the <soapenv:Header /> node no longer has a space before the self closing tag ends.


text:
Sustainability National Parks Hiking Outdoor Camping Beaches and Islands Wildlife
Photo: Andrew Mayovskyy/Shutterstock
How To Cycle Along the Unspoiled Coastline of Puglia, Italy
Cycling Insider Guides Italy
Shauna Farnell
The Mediterranean's Ionian and Adriatic seas lap against the rugged coastlines and pristine beaches of southern Italy's Puglia region, an under-tracked stretch of land occupying the narrow heel of Italy's boot. Puglia's lush landscape belies an ancient history of pirates and gladiators, and ingredients sprout in every direction (even on cliff-sides and cracks in the road!) that come together in unforgettable dishes. It has cliffs carved into ethereal rock formations, pale sandy beaches, glistening turquoise water, and a chill, authentic vibe.
There is no better way to explore the Puglia region, also known as Apulia or Salento, than circumnavigating it on two wheels. Since the area is frequented mostly in July and August by Italian holidaymakers, fall is the prime time to visit. It's also a cooler season to embark on this lovely four-day cycling loop of the heel — which begins and ends in the city of Lecce, on the eastern coast of the heel.
Where to pick up gear and start your tour
Photo: Philip Reeve/Shutterstock
To have the full experience in Puglia, book the Apulia Short Break Tour, which includes five nights of lodging and airport transfers, as well as breakfast each day, without sacrificing the freedom of a self-led tour. These thoughtfully planned trips from operator Girolibero also include bike rental, luggage transfers, maps, panniers, turn-by-turn directions, and a detailed guidebook. Expect to pay between $512 and $600 per person during low season, with prices increasing based largely on hotel rates during the summer's peak travel season. Fly into either Bari or Brindisi, both of which can be reached from numerous major European cities. Puglia's epicenter and the ideal starting point of the four-day loop ride is the historic city of Lecce, a 30-minute drive from Brindisi.
A small city of around 800,000 inhabitants, Lecce looks a little rough around the edges. Outside the center, you'll find graffiti scrawled on underpasses, drab-looking apartments, and a smattering of dilapidated buildings. However, it's gorgeous at its core. Surrounded by an ancient stone fortress, Lecce's old town is a labyrinth of ornately detailed Baroque buildings and churches with lively open squares dotted by artists at work. (Look for the Sudanese guy making and selling super cool and colorful, centerpiece-sized bicycles made from aluminum cans).
Like the entire Puglia region, Lecce is surprisingly affordable. You can find fantastic local wine and delicious, simple cuisine ranging from steaming thin-crust pizzas to handmade pasta and fresh seafood. Also, amid its boutique shops selling leather handbags, footwear, and handcrafted ceramics lies a relatively recently unearthed Roman Amphitheater dating back to the first century AD. The 25,000-capacity arena once served as the region's entertainment hub, where warriors battled against wild animals and gladiators fought to the death.
Stage one: Lecce to Gallipoli
Photo: Massimo Todaro/Shutterstock
Pedaling out of Lecce, the chaos of the city falls quickly away to quiet country roads lined with wild red poppies and the occasional abandoned estate. You'll cross overland from the eastern coast of the heel in a southwesterly direction towards Gallipoli, cycling through olive orchards and crop fields before passing through the town of Nardo and its Renaissance castle, palace, and fountains.
As you pedal up and over a mild gradient, the crystalline waters of the Ionian Sea unfold ahead. Soon the route to the ancient city of Gallipoli runs adjacent to the rugged coastline. Dating back to before the arrival of the Romans, Gallipoli's fortressed old town juts into the sea from the end of the peninsula and is only accessed by a single, narrow road.
Its center is a Venice-like labyrinth of deep, narrow, cobblestone passageways and streets leading to colorful squares, boutiques, and restaurants. Tucked onto a quiet street is dinner gem D'Angolo Blu, where daily fresh seafood options like redfish, sea bass, and monkfish are brought to the table and prepared to order.
Stage two: Gallipoli to Santa Maria di Leuca
Photo: Luca Lorenzelli/Shutterstock
From Gallipoli, day two of the bike route continues south down the coast, passing the stoic remains of 16th-century watchtowers that watched for Ottoman pirates and seemingly endless stretches of white sandy beach, eerily empty in the spring and fall months. In September and October, the clear, shallow, turquoise waters of La Spiaggia del Maldivo, Salento's version of the Maldives, are delightfully mild and inviting, yet it will likely feel as though no one other than your group has accepted the invitation.
From here, the coastal road becomes slightly rolling, giving way to ancient caves and cliffs, all sprouting wild fennel and green onions. The day's destination is Santa Maria di Leuca, a harbor town in the southernmost tip of Italy's heel characterized by a mix of architecture ranging from a 300-foot-tall white lighthouse to a 2,000-year-old hilltop sanctuary, bright pink Neo-Gothic palaces, and the ruins of wooden Victorian bathing huts.
Stage three: Santa Maria di Leuca to Otranto
Photo: Giambattista Lazazzera/Shutterstock
Day three takes you from Santa Maria di Leuca up the back of the heel to Otranto, a hilly journey on narrow roads hugging the cliffs with long, slogging climbs and fast, thrilling descents. The first of these takes you across Ciolo, a landmark bridge high above a narrow canyon lined with immaculate white stones above the aquamarine water. The rising and falling route is speckled with red poppies, as well as prickly pear and fig trees fresh for autumn picking. On this section of coast, the Ionian and Adriatic Seas meet. It's the easternmost point of Italy, and on a clear day, the mountains of Albania are visible on the horizon.
Otranto is an attractive ancient town with a stunningly beautiful harbor, Aragonese Castle, and an 11th-century cathedral housing impressive mosaic floors and walls. Morbid curiosity will also lure you to the chapel filled with the bones of hundreds of locals killed by invading Turks in 1480. Otranto's old town is accessed across a drawbridge through impressive fortress walls, and its center is abuzz with shops and restaurants, one of the tastiest of which is La Bella Idrusa, serving classic Italian fare such as eggplant parmigiana in scalding cast iron pots.
Stage four: Otranto back to Lecce
Photo: Balate Dorin/Shutterstock
The fourth and final day of the ride returning to Lecce travels inland from Otranto through a foliage-rich nature reserve, between two bodies of water knowns as the Alimini Lakes — although one is saltwater and the other fresh. The route returns to the coast, at which point one of the most striking coastal views on the planet unfolds in the form of bizarre rock formations jutting out of the turquoise water at Sant'Andrea.
From here, the route meanders around a number of caves (grottos) and ruins of more anti-pirate watchtowers before crossing a wetland area and turning inland. Here, you'll once again pass through sleepy olive orchards and the quiet but pretty Renaissance village of Acaya before re-entering urban civilization in Lecce.
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text:
THE CHERRY BUSHIDO -- A Film That Tries To Be Something It's Not
In general, martial arts and Japanese films tend to go in a similar direction most of the time. They are either very specific to the culture of Japan and tend to honor them or very campy and totally off the map entirely. The Cherry Bushido tries to balance both versions of this genre, almost to the level of unbelievability. There are two different films within this one film, one of which works and the other doesn't.
Shizuka (Fumika Shimizu) is a young college-age woman. She believes in her country and women's rights but doesn't know how to use her thoughts. When the neighboring country of Sedorrah starts firing off ICBM missiles over Japan as warning shots of a possible invasion, she tries to make her voice heard. She starts writing for a local newspaper. A leader of her people notices her passion and recruits her into a group he has formed called The Association for Japan's Future. It turns out she is the chosen one and is a Sacred Warrior, and her path is meant to fight The Great Demon of Hades.
This film has multiple messages it is trying to get across on screen. One of them is how the media is biased and whoever owes the network tends to get their message across. The second message is that this fictional country of Sedorrah is North Korea, and their nuclear proliferation is a big topic in the Far East. This film hammers these two topics home until it goes off the rails.
The whole fantasy aspect of the film is the weakest part of the film. How the filmmaker uses the topic of a woman savior is great, except how they go about it. Her mission and story needed to be more believable. The group of so-called Sacred Warriors levitate out of their bodies to fight this demon character. It's just a crazy concept.
One of the things I didn't like about the film was the cast. I'm not that familiar with these actors, but some were in roles that didn't seem realistic to me. Like the group leader seemed a little young and not very believable in this role. Most of the cast was underwhelming, including the rest of the Sacred Warriors. The news media as well seemed very underaged for those types of jobs. I would have liked to see more established actors in some of these roles.
This film tried to do something with the story that meant something for the Far East and women in general. It falls very short of what the filmmakers were trying to go for. The acting by most wasn't that good, with many people miscast. The film looked good, and the filmmaking style was fine except for the subpar visual effects. The mixtures of these two types of martial arts films crammed into one didn't work for me.
The Cherry Bushido hits theaters on March 11.


Hello, my name is Jody Waldo, and I am a parent of a deaf son who is attending college and uses American Sign Language. He attended deaf schools when he was growing up.
It is important to think about a student's degree of hearing loss when creating an individualized educational plan, also known as the IEP. Degree of hearing loss means how low sounds have to be before they can be heard. Each student is individual and the quality of hearing that is left, also known as residual hearing, affects spoken language and communication access.
Jody continues: Students who have a mild or moderate hearing loss as well as those with a severe to profound hearing loss can experience delays learning spoken receptive and expressive language skills. Receptive language means language that they hear and understand. Expressive language means what students can express by speaking or signing, especially if the family does not use sign language. Spoken languages include English, Spanish, Hmong and Somali, for example. Delays and missing spoken information can cause struggles in school. Also, students miss academic information and their social and emotional well-being may be affected. As children become older, their needs may change because academics, information and social settings change. It is important that the IEP team continue to discuss how students who are deaf or hard of hearing need to connect with other peers and adults, including role models, who are deaf and hard of hearing. This is needed at all grade levels because kids need to develop strong self-identities.
Jody continues: In this section of the Discussion Guide, the prompts help parents, teachers of deaf and hard of hearing students and other IEP team members to think about the students' language and communication needs. It is important that teams understand that being deaf or hard of hearing has a significant impact in many areas of life.
Jody continues: It is important to recognize how challenged or limited access to spoken language in the school setting affects access to language and communication.
Jody continues: Using tools such as the Functional Listening Evaluation, also known as the FLE, and Speech Perception in Noise Test as some tools that can be used. When the FLE is not enough, then a systematic classroom observation in a challenging class may add more information. The student's perception of difficulties is also needed. Degree of understanding spoken language in background noise that is typical in classes, as well as access to technology will help the IEP team figure out the proper programming and support.
The IEP team needs to consider the type of access a student has to language and communication in order to determine services that will lead them to greater academic and social success.Some students do well with a sign language interpreter in the general education classroom, whereas other students prefer direct communication through signing, or cued English or speaking in smaller groups to support learning. Some students seem to do well with an assistive listening device and others need real-time captioning support in a class or two when rigor and pace increase.
Jody continues: In another example, does the student miss out on talking with classmates and friends when it's noisy? Do they have trouble hearing and interacting with other students because they don't know what to say? This might be because they're not hearing what other kids talk about. This may lead to social isolation and low self-esteem for some students.
Jody continues: Other ideas for support include, but are not limited to: small group work, buddies on the playground, smaller class size, adding a visual language, such as American Sign Language or even the tool of Cued English or real-time captioning, and considering the need for a sign language interpreter.
Jody continues: The IEP team needs to consider if the student needs more connections with deaf or hard of hearing peers and adult role-models and if they need additional instruction to boost their social language skills. Being able to meet others who have attended a similar school setting or who are near the same age as they are, often helps students develop confidence. The need for deaf or hard of hearing peers may change over time, so it is important that it is revisited at each level. Students may feel more isolated in middle school and high school when the social scene changes and cafeterias and other places become louder and more difficult to talk and connect with other kids. Some students seem fine in elementary school but then are lonelier in middle school and high school. Interactions with other deaf or hard of hearing students help students know they're not alone, boost their self-esteem, and lead to overall social and academic success.
Jody continues: If a student uses a visual language, such as American Sign Language, the IEP team needs to consider how often the student works with a teacher and/or other staff who are fluent in ASL. Also, communication with adults and peers who also use ASL needs to be considered. Some hearing peers may learn ASL and talk directly with deaf students, and this helps. For other students, this is not enough.
Jody continues: If the student needs more interactions with other deaf or hard of hearing peers, the team may explore other programming and placement options to ensure the student's social-emotional, as well as academic needs, are being met.


All-Star Nutrition St. Cloud will be holding a 4-week competition that will test your enthusiasm for the brand, ambition, and willingness to help your community and other aspiring athletes. All you have to do is sign up and create a 30-second video for the chance to compete for the opportunity to be our very first Sponsored Athlete and all the perks & benefits that come with the title.


text:
The voids compromised this important site which holds treated drinking water before it's pumped to customers' taps, and their appearance was an immediate safety and water supply risk.
Immediately following their appearance the site was switched off resulting in our operational teams working swiftly to reconfigure the drinking water supply network ensuring homes and businesses continued to receive water.
With the safety of our teams being top priority, in the days following the incident our engineers worked closely with experts from across the country, including specialists from Kent Fire and Rescue, to make the site safe, assess the situation and monitor the site for further ground movement.
Neighbouring homes, businesses and organisations were kept up-to-date with the situation on site which involved working closely with partners including the Kent Resilience Forum.
A wide range of specialist surveys were undertaken from CCTV, geophysical, laser scanning ground level monitoring and dynamic probing to understand what is happening under the surface.
External drone surveys were also regularly undertaken to monitor the ground with specialist drones and remote operated vehicles used to inspect within and beneath the tanks.
Once the initial surveys were complete work began in earnest to bring part of the site back into operation ahead of the peak 2021 summer demand period.
During the winter months teams from all across the business worked alongside specialist contractors to undertake the complex repairs required to bring the site back to life.
The work included filling the voids with 1,800 cubic metres of foam concrete with a further 2.4 tons of resin injected beneath one of the tanks to support the structure.
In March 2021 their hard work paid off as one of the site's tanks began supplying customers once again.
"The effort that's gone into getting part of this site back up and running by our target date has been monumental. The ingenuity, collaboration and effort displayed by both our staff and all the contractors involved proves how agile and passionate we, as a business and industry, are. Our teams went to extraordinary lengths to keep customers supplied while all this was going on in the background, and that can't be underestimated." Douglas Whitfield, Operations Director
Although part of the site is operational again, our dedicated engineers are continuing their efforts to repair the remaining tanks on site, in the hope that they can also supply customers again in the future.
The team has also joined forces with Vistry Homes which has a site nearby to create a joint surface run-off system to provide future protection.
To build further resilience into the area's network, teams are also building a temporary water treatment works nearby which will bolster supplies while repairs continue. It's hoped this facility will be up and running towards the end of summer 2021.
Throughout all this intense work the health and safety of our staff and contractors has been top priority with the site has remaining Covid-19 compliant throughout without a single case recorded.


KNOXVILLE, Tenn. — The University of Tennessee football program opens spring football practice on Monday, March 7, and will conclude with the annual DISH Orange & White Game on April 16 at 2 p.m., at Neyland Stadium.
Head coach Butch Jones will lead the Vols through 15 spring practices, starting with practices next Monday, Tuesday and Thursday and continuing after Spring Break on March 22 with sessions every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday in the following four weeks. Tuesday and Thursday practices will begin at 4:15 p.m., while Saturday practices will start at 10:45 a.m. (with the exception of the DISH Orange & White Game). Practices are closed to the general public with the exception of the O&W Game.
Jones will hold his pre-spring press conference on Monday, March 7, at 11 a.m. ET at the Ray and Lucy Hand Riverside Digital Studio. That will be aired live on UTSports.com.
Tennessee's NFL Pro Day is slated for Wednesday, March 30 in the Anderson Training Center.
Media access and guidelines for covering practice will be released later this week.
Monday, March 7 – Butch Jones Pre-Spring Press Conference, 11 a.m.; Practice #1, 4:15 p.m.
Tuesday, March 8 – Practice #2, 4:15 p.m.
Thursday, March 10 – Practice #3, 4:15 p.m.
Tuesday, March 22 – Practice #4, 4:15 p.m.
Thursday, March 24 – Practice #5, 4:15 p.m.
Saturday, March 26 – Practice #6, 10:45 a.m.
Tuesday, March 29 – Practice #7, 4:15 p.m.
Thursday, March 31 – Practice #8, 4:15 p.m.
Saturday, April 2 – Practice #9, 10:45 a.m.
Tuesday, April 5 – Practice #10, 4:15 p.m.
Thursday, April 7 – Practice #11, 4:15 p.m.
Saturday, April 9 – Practice #12, 10:45 a.m.
Tuesday, April 12 – Practice #13, 4:15 p.m.
Thursday, April 14 – Practice #14, 4:15 p.m.
Saturday, April 16 – Practice #15 , 2 p.m.


text:
An Apple Intern Allegedly Released the iBoot Leak
Andrew Orr
@andrewornot
Feb 9th, 2018 6:28 PM EST | News
In a new report from Motherboard an Apple intern was responsible for the iBoot leak. The reason? It turns out he didn't have a beef with Apple. Instead, friends of the employee encouraged the intern to leak it because it would help them with jailbreaking.
Motherboard did attempt to reach out to the employee, but he refused to speak because he signed a non-disclosure agreement with Apple. Which I personally find strange, after all he wasn't afraid to leak the code in the first place, yet still abides by an NDA. But I digress.
According to two people to received the code from the employee, it was originally stolen from the company in 2016. The employee took the code and shared it with a group of five people. The code was never meant to leave the group—at first.
I personally never wanted that code to see the light of day. Not out of greed but because of fear of the legal firestorm that would ensue…I knew one day that if those kids got it they'd be dumb enough to push it to GitHub.
About a year after the code was stolen and shared, someone inside the group gave it to "someone else who shouldn't have had it." Once they lost control of it, the iBoot leak started to spread.
In 2017 the code was circulated in the jailbreaking and iPhone research communities. In the fall of 2017 people started sharing screenshots of the code in a jailbreaking Discord group as a way to brag.
When I heard about that Discord group, I burned all the copies of iBoot that I had. I don't need it anymore, and if this is going public I don't want to be part of leaking it. If it gets out there it gets out there but it is not coming from me.
Then, it ended up getting shared to Reddit at one point, but it was automatically removed by a moderator bot. Finally, someone who wasn't connected to the original leak shared it to GitHub. After that, it went viral, first with jailbreakers and then within the greater iOS security research community.
An Apple employee told Motherboard that the company was aware of the leak before the GitHub posting, but they didn't share when Apple first learned about it.
Apple leak iOS iPhone
How Tim Cook and Apple Became Part of the Discussion on the Russian Investigation
Mesh: The Next Generation of Home Wi-Fi
rocwurst(@rocwurst)
Android source code is always out in the wild but that supposedly isn't a security risk – why do people think that 3 year old code for a small part of Apple's iOS being publicised is a risk?
geoduck(@geoduck)
Whether this is a big deal or not is irrelevant. This kid will, and should, face serious charges. Start with grand theft and trafficking in stolen goods and move on from there. Secondly, this kid's career in the tech industry is over. Nobody will trust him with anything more valuable than a ham sandwich. Sorry but I have no sympathy for someone who shoots themself in the foot when they knew the gun was loaded.
Andrew Orr(@andrew-orr)
Reply to geoduck
I completely agree. My intention wasn't to downplay the seriousness of the issue, just to reassure that its highly unlikely to affect iPhone users.
Reply to Andrew Orr
Oh I understand completely. I apologize if this came across as directed toward you.


During the Soviet regime, the history of the first independence of Armenia was thoroughly distorted and the commemoration of May 28 was logically forbidden. The explosion of the Karabagh Movement in 1988 would change the general outlook. The claims to reunite the autonomous region of Mountainous Gharabagh to Armenia were accompanied by claims to address social, economic, and cultural burning issues of the present and hidden or distorted issues of the past.
From February 1988, huge crowds gathered at Theater Square (now Freedom Square), in front of the Yerevan Opera, in peaceful rallies to claim for the return of Gharabagh to Armenia. One such rally was held in the afternoon of May 28, 1988, to commemorate the seventieth anniversary of the first independence. The well-attended gathering was organized by the Union for National Self-Determination, a political party founded by dissident Paruyr Hayrikian in 1987. Hairikian had been imprisoned in early 1988 for claiming that the Sumgait pogrom had been instigated by the Soviet leadership, and he would be stripped of Soviet citizenship and deported to Ethiopia. Other members of the party had taken charge, especially Movses Gorgisian (1961-1990), assisted by Mekhak Gabrielian. The "Mashtots" Union, an organization for the defense of Armenian language and culture, was also involved in the preparation.
Banners placed on the stage read: "To proclaim May 28 day of united, all-national struggle for the just solution of the Armenian Cause" (Մայիս 28-ը հռչակել Հայ Դատի արդար լուծման համազգային պայքարի միասնութեան օր), "The only road to salvation of the Armenian people was found on May 28, 1918" (1918 թ. Մայիսի 28-ին գտնուեց հայ ժողովրդի փրկութեան միակ ուղին), "Today's Armenia would not be a republic without May 28" (Առանց Մայիսի 28-ի այսօրուայ Հայաստանը հանրապետութիւն չէր լինի).
"The enemy reached Yerevan. The supreme command of the Armenian forces, led by Nazarbekov, had decided to hand Yerevan to the enemy and to organize the defense near Lake Sevan. The National Council of Tiflis had agreed with this decision. There was one man in Yerevan who said 'No, if we hand Yerevan, then we will hand Armenia. If we hand Yerevan that means the end of the Armenian people.' That man was Aram Manoukian. Unfortunately, I don't see his picture here." People held pictures of General Antranik, Karekin Nejdeh, various fedayis and also Hayrikian, who was then in a Moscow prison.
After the speeches, the doors of the Opera opened and the secretary of ideological issues of the Central Committee of the Armenian Communist Party, the first secretary of the City Committee of the party, and other officials came out. They tried to take out the tricolor flags from the square, but in vain. They were met with cries of "Shame, go away!" Later on, poet Sylva Gabudikian had a televised speech, where she argued that the tricolor flag fragmented the nation, as it divided Armenia from the Diaspora.
From then on, the flag of the first Republic of Armenia would start appearing in the demonstrations for Gharabagh, and the idea of independence would begin taking roots. Two years later, on August 23, 1990, the Republic of Armenia would be reborn instead of the Armenian Socialist Soviet Republic, and the referendum for the independence would be held on September 21, 1991, while the once powerful Soviet Union was collapsing.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Versionr.Network
{
    public enum NetCommandType
    {
        PushObjectQuery,
        PushBranch,
        PushVersions,
        SynchronizeRecords,
        PushHead,
        AcceptPush,
        RejectPush,
        RequestRecordParents,
        RequestRecord,
        RequestRecordUnmapped,
        Synchronized,
        Push,
        Close,
        Acknowledge,
        DataReceived,
        Error,
        Clone,
        PullVersions,
        FullClone,
        QueryBranchID,
        PushBranchJournal,
        PushInitialVersion,
        Authenticate,
        SkipAuthentication,
        AuthRetry,
        AuthFail,
        ListBranches,
        PushStashQuery,
        PullStashQuery,
        SendLocks,
        RequestLock,
        PathLocked,
        ReleaseLocks,
        ListOrBreakLocks,
        ListStashes,
        QueryJournal,
        JournalUpdateComplete,
        PushRecords,
        SendBranchHeads,
        AutomergedBranches,
    }
    [ProtoBuf.ProtoContract]
    class NetCommand
    {
        [ProtoBuf.ProtoMember(1)]
        public NetCommandType Type { get; set; }

        [ProtoBuf.ProtoMember(2)]
        public string AdditionalPayload { get; set; }

        [ProtoBuf.ProtoMember(3)]
        public long Identifier { get; set; }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
using System;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using NHibernate;
using IdleLandsRedux.Contracts.API;
using IdleLandsRedux.DataAccess.Mappings;
using IdleLandsRedux.GameLogic.Actors;
using Akka.Actor;

namespace IdleLandsRedux.WebService.Services
{
	public class RegisterService : IdleLandsBehaviour
	{
		public RegisterService(IActorRef activeUsersActor, Inbox inbox) : base(activeUsersActor, inbox)
		{
		}

		protected override bool HandleMessage(ISession session, string message, Action<string> sendAction)
		{
			if (session == null) {
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(session));
			}

			if (sendAction == null) {
				throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sendAction));
			}

			var msg = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<RegisterMessage>(message);
			bool commitTransaction = true;

			if (msg != null) {

				var player = session.QueryOver<Player>().Where(x => x.Name == msg.Username).SingleOrDefault();

				if (player != null) {
					sendAction(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ResponseMessage {
						Success = false,
						Error = "Username already exists."
					}));
					return commitTransaction;
				}

				// TODO check if password is bcrypt or some shit

				player = new Player { Name = msg.Username, Password = msg.Password };
				session.Save(player);

                var isUserLoggedInTask = _activeUsersActor.Ask(new AddUserMessage(msg.Username), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1));
                var response = isUserLoggedInTask.Result as AddUserMessageResponse;

                if (response == null)
                {
                    //log stuff
                    sendAction(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ResponseMessage
                    {
                        Success = false,
                        Error = "Unknown error."
                    }));
                    return commitTransaction;
                }

                if (response.Code == AddUserMessageResponse.ERR_CODE.ALREADY_LOGGED_IN)
                {
                    sendAction(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ResponseMessage
                    {
                        Success = false,
                        Error = "Already logged in"
                    }));
                    return commitTransaction;
                }
                else if (response.Code == AddUserMessageResponse.ERR_CODE.SUCCESS)
                {
                    sendAction(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ResponseMessage
                    {
                        Success = true,
                        Token = response.Token
                    }));
                }
                else
                {
                    //log stuff
                    sendAction(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ResponseMessage
                    {
                        Success = false,
                        Error = "Unknown error."
                    }));
                    return commitTransaction;
                }

			} else {
				commitTransaction = false;

				sendAction(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new ResponseMessage {
					Success = false,
					Error = "Incorrect message."
				}));
			}

			return commitTransaction;
		}
	}
}


text:
Home > topics
10 Questions for Bobby Gillespie of Primal Scream
Bobby Gillespie (b 1962) is best known as the lead singer and driving force of rock band Primal Scream. He was born and raised in Glasgow and met future Creation Records boss Alan McGee at school. The pair would later move to London and, after a...
theartsdesk on Vinyl 65: Solomun, Black Sabbath, Trojan Records, The Creation, Seefeel, Motörhead and more
The latest edition of theartsdesk on Vinyl combines the best new sounds on plastic with the vinyl reissues that are pressing buttons. Ranging from heavy rockin' book-style boxsets to the funkiest summertime 7"s, all musical life is here. Dive in....
An Oral History of Glastonbury Festival 1992
There is never one Glastonbury Festival. There are as many Glastonbury Festivals as there are people who attend. Thus it ever was, even back in 1992 when the capacity was only 70,000 (plus multitudinous fence-jumpers!). What follows, then, is a...
Blu-ray: Flowers of Shanghai
Rounding out a decade of personal success – beginning with his Cannes Jury Prize-winning The Puppetmaster (1993), followed by a best director award for Good Men, Good Women (1995) – the Taiwanese director Hou Hsiao-hsien...
Hallé, Berglund, Bridgewater Hall, Manchester review - taking Beethoven seriously
Tabita Berglund is that rare species, an up-and-coming orchestral conductor attracting enough attention to secure repeated international bookings in even these straitened times. She also happens to be female and young, which until relatively...
After Life, National Theatre review - thanks for the memories
Limbo, in Jack Thorne's latest play, is a room lined ceiling-high with drawers, a sort of morgue rebooted as a vast filing system. It apparently provides comfy accommodation for the souls waiting to pass over, and its activities are run in tight...
Blu-ray: The World of Wong Kar Wai
There is an irony in the fact that the most celebrated of auteurs to emerge during Hong Kong's "Second Wave" of directors in the 1980s did not originate from within the bounds of the administrative region. Born in Shanghai, Wong Kar Wai was the son...
Blu-ray: Jungle Fever
Thirty years since its original release, Jungle Fever appears on Blu-ray for the first time, courtesy of the British Film Institute. Some aspects of the movie have aged well – it's electrifying to revisit Samuel L Jackson's breakthrough...
My New York Year review - lacklustre portrait of an ingenue
This pallid chick flick limps out on release having changed its title since its Berlinale 2020 debut; in the US it's known as My Salinger Year, but perhaps market research in Blighty decreed that name-checking the author of The Catcher in...
Reissue CDs Weekly: Spiritualized - Lazer Guided Melodies
Lazer Guided Melodies was great. It still is. Spiritualized's debut album built from what was already there in Jason Pierce's previous band Spacemen 3 and took it into newer, more textured territory. While softer-focussed and more dynamic than...
Album: Tom Jones - Surrounded by Time
"I'm growing old," laments Tom Jones as his 40th studio album draws to a close. Sir Tom is "growing dimmer in the eyes" and "drowsy in my chair". These blunt observations are not sugared with the mordant humour that, say, Randy Newman or the late...
Album: Alan Vega - Mutator
If there's someone who could claim to have proved Arnold Schoenberg's pithy phrase "If it is art, it is not for all" it was Alan Vega. His and Martin Rev's abrasive synth-punk duo, Suicide were famously detested by fans of the Clash, one of whom...


NDP Education Critic Dale Kirby (MHA, St. John's North) says government should immediately take steps so the province's libraries can continue to provide the invaluable services made possible by the Community Access Program. Furthermore, he says, the provincial government had more than ample notice to take the necessary budgetary measures.
Today in the House of Assembly NDP Advanced Education and Skills Critic Dale Kirby (MHA, St. John's North) asked government about promised program facilities at the Grand Falls Windsor College of the North Atlantic campus.


This is a demonstration tutorial of how you could write an OS using Java. The methods described in here however are quite generic - you can use similar approaches for other bytecoded languages, such as .NET. In addition, this article contains a simple compiler that can be a source of inspiration for any custom languages.
Being a demonstration, the method posted here is exceedingly simple and only does the necessary work to make the bundled Java code run. It can not deal with most things one would expect from Java. It does not do garbage collection in any forms, let alone support strings. The code provided here is purposefully limited, so you can play with it a bit to get a feeling, but it is impossible to extend this code to support more key components of the language.
Consider this a throwaway prototype - it's deliberately written in such a fashion that you're forced to rewrite a new one from scratch.
Java and .NET come in bytecode, which are designed for machines that are fundamentally different than your typical register-based hardware. You'll need to understand assembly for your platform, and you'll have to think about how the language structures should be converted to native ones. One of the things this example does is to adhere to the stdcall convention, because it's closer to the virtual java machine than the cdecl that's the default in most compilers.
Java comes in bytecode form, and we need a method of converting it to native. Because we are writing an OS at the same time, everything must be compiled ahead of time, and not rely on an existing runtime that expects the existing presence of an OS. Therefore, we write our own compiler. As part of the compiler, we include the org.objectweb.asm that can read .class files and save us from writing significant portions of code.
The compiler is of course written in Java as well. We don't need additional languages to add to the bootstrap problem later. Of course this compiler is overly simplistic, and will never be able to compile itself.
Javac is written in Java, so that's obviously the best choice for later porting.
Now that we have the compiler, we can run it on all our OS classes to generate native code.
Java is memory-safe, which prevents it from implementing a lot of things. A minimal set of startup code is done in native assembly. Everything architecture-specific has to be done in assembly. Some parts you'll need later, such as memory management and exception handling are probably easier to have pure native parts for as well.
We have everything in machine language form now. We're still reuseing the parts that we can, and in this example we use yasm. You're free to write an assembler in Java later on.
This is done using binutils. Note that there is not a single C compiler in the chain, and again, you can build your own linker in your language - it doesn't really have to do that much.
In bytecoded languages there are several steps before code can be run. Typically you have "the" compiler, which converts your source files into some portable binary, and you have an interpreter that reads those binaries and runs instructions from them. Modern interpreters turn bytecode into native code, as to avoid the if(instruction = ...) that takes several cycles while the instruction you'd actually want to execute would otherwise cost you just one CPU instruction.
In the case of an OS, we need to take this a step further. We could run an interpreter, but that's slow. We could compile into native on boot but that needs just as much OS as we actually want to run. Instead, the appropriate solution is to compile to native in advance, so we can just run the code directly from the start.
The entirety of a language is still a whole lot to deal with, but for our example it suffices to deal with just integers. That's right, no objects yet!
The Java bytecode uses a stack for operations, and a list of locals. These need not be in the same place, but as the x86 only has one hardware stack, we'll be using it as both local stack, call stack, and operation stack. A few tricks are used to make this compiler easier, and in turn, make it difficult to interface with C. Locals in Java terms include the function arguments, and as a result the locals would be split around return addresses. Since the caller doesn't know the storage needed - it doesn't even get the number of arguments for free - the called function should fix this. We also can't put things past the top of the stack because that'll be a big issue with interrupts later. Basically we copy all arguments to the other side of the return address and then we make some room for locals so that they can be indexed by EBP - 4 * slot_number where for instance 0 and 1 would be arguments and 2+ would be true locals.
The fact that getting the number of arguments is convoluted to perform on the caller's side, we do callee-cleanup using RET imm instead of the regular RET. Locals is a convoluted issue as well, so we just reserve room for 8 because you're not meant to copy this code anyway.
if ((method.access & Opcodes.ACC_STATIC) == 0) arguments++; // hidden "this"
Yes, that's a compiler in a magic 256 lines of code. The result is Intel syntax assembly, because there already are decent tools for assembly out there that deal with object formats out there. Of course you can write your own later as well.
At some point the OS needs to access memory unsafely, and this is the method we'll use. The native keyword also implies that there is no implementation in java and that it'll come from elsewhere.
This is little more than some simple VGA code, but it demonstrates that we can call Java code, do some calculations, and then call our hardware abstraction layer to complete the little bits Java just couldn't do.
The last thing we need to do is to glue all the pieces together and stick a bootloader on top of it. Bare Bones has a more extensive description of the process. You might have noticed the full filenames in the source files above, basically we have two projects fairly tightly intertwined with each other, residing in the compiler and os subfolders that serve as the Java source root at the same time. A build folder is added so that you can simply delete that folder to start fresh, without having to worry about finding all your intermediates in between the real sources. In particular, we wouldn't be able to tell which .asm file is original and which one is compiler output without it!
We use GRUB as a bootloader, so the mechanics are the same. The only real difference is that we have to cope with the name mangling and be unable to call something kmain.
; Declare constants used for creating a multiboot header.
; Declare a header as in the Multiboot Standard.
early in the image or the bootloader won't recognize the file format.
To simplify things, here's the Makefile that glues all the steps together. This one is a bit more elaborate as it covers for pretty much all the intermediate steps needed. Compile the compiler, make an executable jar file, compile the java files to class files, to assembly files, to object files, to an ELF binary. Include the runtime halfway into the process, then build a CD image with GRUB.
jar cvfm $@ compiler/compiler.manifest -C build/compiler .
Lastly, the one library our compiler uses to do most of its magic. You can just copy the source into the compiler folder and the build script will pick it up.
This page was last modified on 2 July 2016, at 16:17.
This page has been accessed 9,969 times.


For six years, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has been giving "Public Recognition Awards" to the college teams whose members do best at staying in school and staying academically eligible. Teams receive the award if their Academic Progress Rate is perfect or in the top ten percent for their sport.
Every year so far, Yale has led the nation in number of teams recognized. This year, 23 Bulldog teams out of a possible 29 received the award. Here's how Yale and the other Ivies have fared over the program's lifetime.


text:
extension.osu.edu
agnr.osu.edu
Bee, Wasp, Hornet, and Yellow Jacket Stings for Trainers and Supervisors
Tailgate Safety Training for Landscaping and Horticultural Services
AEX-892.2.03
Agricultural Safety Program
Objective: Identify general tips to prevent and treat bee, wasp, hornet, and yellow jacket stings.
Trainer's Note
Bees, wasps, hornets, and yellow jackets can be a minor nuisance—or a serious danger. For this module:
Review the information on stings, reactions to stings, and how to prevent them.
Ask workers to describe their own reactions to stings.
Review the important points.
Have workers take the True/False test to check their learning.
Between 1 and 2 million people in the United States are very allergic to stinging insect venom. Every year 90 to 100 people die from sting reactions. Many more deaths may happen, mistakenly diagnosed as heart attacks or sunstrokes or attributed to other causes. More people die yearly from the effects of insect venom than from spider bites.
Stinging insects can present an occupational health problem, mainly for sensitive workers. Usually, danger occurs when workers disturb nests of stinging insects such as bees, wasps, hornets, or yellow jackets.
Mild Reactions
Most people have a mild reaction to bee, wasp, hornet, or yellow jacket stings:
For a mild reaction, you can relieve symptoms with ice, baking soda, meat tenderizer, 1 to 2.5 percent ammonia solution, topical steroids, or oral steroids.
The most severe allergic reactions to stings can be fatal. These reactions, called anaphylaxis, can include life-threatening symptoms:
Swelling of the lips or throat
Faintness
For any severe allergic reaction, seek emergency medical help immediately. Reaction may occur in a few minutes; death often occurs within 30 minutes. Those with a history of allergic reaction to stinging insects should consider carrying an epinephrine auto injector (EpiPen) and a medical identification necklace or bracelet. (NIOSH)
Preventing Stings
Workers can take some simple steps to prevent stings, both in the open outdoors and in greenhouses.
Use a commercially available stinging insect control aerosol to destroy nests. It can shoot a high-volume spray stream 15 to 20 feet.
Do not stand directly under an overhead nest you are trying to destroy. If possible, hire a professional exterminator to remove a nest.
Never try to burn or flood a nest with water since this will only make stinging insects angry.
Be careful not to mow over a nest in the ground, or disturb a nest in a tree or the eaves of the home.
Never strike or swing at a wasp or a bee.
Never trap a wasp or a bee against your body. That can cause the insect to sting.
Wear a hat and closed shoes (not sandals).
Light-colored cotton clothing is best. Avoid white or bright-colored, loose-fitting clothing.
Never wear wool around stinging insects because wool retains some degree of animal odor even after extensive processing.
Avoid heavy, flowery perfumes, colognes, or scents. They may attract bees.
Run away from bees, wasps, hornets, or yellow jackets. They are not very fast, and you can usually outrun them.
Avoid sweet beverages, which can attract stinging insects.
Do not drink out of a can. Bees might be inside the can where you cannot see them.
Review These Important Points
Be careful not to mow over a nest in the ground nor disturb a nest in a tree or the eaves of the home.
The most severe allergic reactions to stings can be life threatening.
Avoid disturbing nest of bees, wasps, hornets, or yellow jackets.
About These Modules
The author team for the training modules in the landscape and horticultural tailgate training series includes Dee Jepsen, Program Director, Agricultural Safety and Health, Ohio State University Extension; Michael Wonacott, Research Specialist, Vocational Education; Peter Ling, Greenhouse Specialist; and Thomas Bean, Agricultural Safety Specialist. Modules were developed with funding from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Grant Number 46E3-HT09.
Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the U.S. Department of Labor.
Quiz: Bee, Wasp, Hornet, and Yellow Jacket Stings
Name____________________________________
Stinging insects calm down when their nest is burned or flooded with water. T F
It is best to drink sweet beverages out of a can because bees cannot get inside the can. T F
Rapid heartbeat and breathing problems are a normal, mild reaction to a sting. T F
Run away from stinging insects. They are not very fast. T F
Ice or baking soda may be useful for stings causing itch, irritation, redness, and swelling. T F
Home, Yard and Garden
Program Area(s):
Ohioline https://ohioline.osu.edu
CFAES provides research and related educational programs to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis. For more information, visit cfaesdiversity.osu.edu. For an accessible format of this publication, visit cfaes.osu.edu/accessibility.
Copyright © 2018, The Ohio State University