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RCSI Dubai
Education on Your Terms
Joker: Should Movies Teach Morality?
January 14, 2020	100	By Stanley Isaacs
"Is it just me or is it getting crazier out there?" So I thought the new Joker movie was just okay, not spectacular, not terrible, just fine. But what I found more interesting than the film itself was the conversation around the film. To get you up to speed, Joker tells the story of a mentally ill loner named Arthur Fleck who decides to murder everyone that he's angry with. Which inadvertently causes a violent uprising against the rich. The film debuted at the Venice Film Festival more than a month before its wide release. That meant that there was an entire month where the only people who had seen the movie were film critics and their early reactions sparked an online controversy. The gist of it is this: some critics said the movie had bad ideas, other critics said the movie had bad ideas and that it would inspire real acts of violence. The logic here being you know at a time when guys like Arthur are committing real acts of violence like this is it irresponsible to make a film that glorifies a killer or at least one that might be interpreted as doing so by some audiences. I can already hear you leaping towards your keyboard to tell me what's wrong with this argument, but hold on, that's what the video is about. Now, both kinds of critiques were met with the same wave of comments you can expect whenever you discuss the politics or ideas of a piece of popular media online. Comments that boil down to: "Be quiet! Stop quote politicizing art! Right! What underlies all of these conflicts though is that the two sides have a fundamental disagreement over this question: does art have a social responsibility? So welcome to the History of Arguments, a mini-series on this channel where I look at how people across the ages have tried to answer questions about art. And to properly answer this one we've got to go all the way back to Plato Let's begin with the Athenian philosopher Plato and his book The Republic. The book is a dialogue where Plato's teacher Socrates tries to imagine what the perfect republic would look like. He's got a place for every kind of worker: the fishermen go here, the philosophers go there, rulers should do this and that, but then he gets to the poets and his message to them is GTFO, we don't want you here. In a perfect society, writers would be exiled according to Plato. His argument is, and I'm paraphrasing here, "Won't somebody please think of the children!" Plato argues that telling a story is basically lying and that lying is bad and if people, especially young people, listen to lies then they'll be led astray and it'll ruin society! In his words "The point is that a young person can't tell when something is allegorical and when it isn't, and any idea admitted by a person of that age tends to become almost ineradicable and permanent." "Oh, won't somebody please think of the children!" That's Plato's first hardball offer to the artists of the world. But then he spends a lot of time saying alright fine, you can be part of society but only if you write stuff that I agree with. He then establishes a list of virtues that he thinks art should foster: make people courageous, self-discipline, etc. Show good people being rewarded and evil people punished. So to Plato art has a social responsibility, it is educational, it needs to instill the right set of values in the population. Anything that doesn't fit into that narrow goal shouldn't be allowed to exist. Now I'm sure you can see that this is a very extreme position and there's debate around whether or not Plato himself meant it literally or as a thought experiment. Nevertheless, it is a popular position historically speaking. The Catholic Church, for instance, policed artists for centuries and persecuted anyone whose art didn't promote their idea of virtue. If we want a critique of Plato though we're going to have to fast forward a few centuries. Under the patronage of Emperor Augustus, the latin lyricist Horace wrote The Art of Poetry. It's both a poem itself and a manual for how poetry should be written. You're probably familiar with some of its ideas without knowing it. For instance, the phrase "En medias res" originates here. But the reason we're talking about it is a line that came to be known as the Horation Platitude and that is the idea that the purpose of poetry is to instruct and delight. So we're taking one step away from Plato here. Art shouldn't just be morally instructive, it should be fun. Horace's motivations are interesting though. He's not a philosopher concerned with protecting civilization like Plato is. Instead, his approach is much more pragmatic from an artist's perspective. He writes, "The ranks of elder citizens chase things off the stage if there's no good meat in them, and the high-spirited youngsters won't vote for dry poetry." Or in other words, you'll have a bigger audience if you give people what they want and the young want it to be fun and the old want it to teach something. So just do that and stop asking questions. Horace's ideas are echoed 1500 years later by the English poet Philip Sidney in The Defense of Posey which is a much more fleshed-out version of the argument. The defense is explicitly a rebuttal of Plato. Where Plato said that poets were liars, Sidney counters that by saying that the poet doesn't claim to tell the truth and therefore he isn't lying. It's kind of a squirmy little argument, but it basically amounts to people know fiction isn't real, so chill! Where Plato worried that stories would promote the wrong set of values and that people would be led astray by them, Sidney reverses that by arguing that stories can actually lead people to truths they might not otherwise appreciate. He says that stories are more accessible than dry philosophy so they can actually be a more useful educational tool. So with Horace and Sidney, we do have an alternative to Plato, but it's still a position that isn't just about saying what art is, it's about saying what artists should or should not do. It's not until the 19th century that The idea that art needs to teach anything is altogether abandoned. Art for art's sake that's the key idea of the aesthetics movement which gained popularity in Britain and France in the 19th century. As the phrase implies, the movement is basically about just liking beautiful pieces of art simply for being pleasing and not for their moral content or for anything else. We're not sure who expressed the famous phrase first. It's often credited to Théophile Gautier in 1835, it also appeared in the works of Edgar Allen Poe. Poe argued that art made solely for its own sake is the best kind of art that there is and it's what artists should aspire to do rather than making something that's meant as teaching material. So the slogan is about how creators should create but it's also about how critics should critique. See the phrase didn't just pop into existence. It was basically a way to shut up the Marxists. No, really stay with me here! See, while Marx's ideas were becoming more popular they inevitably started being applied to art and this started to rankle some people who were fatigued by the overabundance of politicized readings. I'm sure that sounds a little familiar. One such person was Oscar Wilde who wrote that "Those who find ugly meanings in beautiful things are corrupt without being charming." Which is about the most elegant way to say shut up I've ever read! So there we have it. Three of the major positions on the question of art's social responsibility. Plato told us that art should only exist if it cultivates good morals, Horace and Sydney told us that it should both teach and delight, and the Aesthetics Movement told us that it should exist for its own sake. Judging from the tenor of the conversation around Joker, I'm inclined to believe that many of the people watching this will see number three as the most sensible position. So let's go through some of its shortcomings. The major critique is that even if you try to create a piece of art solely for its own sake, you can't really control how it's going to be read once you've completed it and that's sort of what art for art's sake as a philosophy is trying to do. The good part of art for art's sake is that it doesn't try to police artists like the other two theories are. The bad part about it though is that it can often be an attempt to police or minimize criticism. But just as the artists should have free rein to push the envelope, critics should have free rein to say what they see. Art definitely has an effect on us. It is enormously influential at forming our beliefs about the world, but it's not a simple one-to-one thing where a one movie leads to one person doing something they otherwise wouldn't. There are always other factors at play. There are elements of the response to Joker that are similar to the moral panics around violence and video games or death metal and a response to this ought to be the same. So, yes, okay good, but just because if that is true doesn't mean we should just throw our hands up say art for art's sake and ignore the effect that art really done have on us. Art may not have a social responsibility but criticism does. Criticism is about asking what does this do? What ideas does it convey? And the purpose of doing that isn't to censor art in the way that Plato would in The Republic, it's to become more aware of the ways media does affect you. You are what you eat so to speak, so it's good to know what's really in your media diet. So I wanted this video to come out a little closer to Joker's release but I had to delay it because I wasn't being as productive as I wanted to be. But maybe I wouldn't have had to delay it if I had watched Thomas Frank's Productivity Masterclass sooner on Skillshare, the sponsor of this video. Thomas is a fellow Youtuber, an excellent teacher, an expert at helping people get organized and just a really nice guy! So, if you want to work more efficiently, I highly recommend checking out the course. There are thousands of other courses on Skillshare about writing, filmmaking and more! So if you want to give it a try, you can get two months of Skillshare for free by going to this link: which will give you access to all of their classes. After that Skillshare is less than $10 a month with an annual subscription. So sign up now and learn a new skill! Thanks for watching everyone and a big thank you to my patrons for supporting this channel! If you like what I do and want to help the channel out, you can go to patreon.com/justwrite and pitch in as little as $1 a video to help keep me going! Keep writing everyone!
CategoryArticles Blog
Tags10-23-19 and that the
Plato was the first boomer
Street Dogg says:
Is that just my impression, or is this whole debate about Joker an exclusively american debate, which says a loooot more about how messed up the US is, than it says about the movie!?
I think it's a masterpiece because it's exceptionally well done on many different levels and in many different aspects and I'm very, very glad I've seen it before I even learned about the "controversy", mostly because it doesn't exist in my country.
Azzor says:
This video could have gone on for more 5 minutes…
Observable Observer says:
Yes, I would argue that art has a social responsibility. It's responsibly is to comment on society, nothing more, nothing less. So if we think that an piece of art about a fictional mentally ill loner can inspire acts of violence from real mentally ill loners, maby, just maby there is something wrong with how we treat mentally ill and lonely people in our society. At the end of the day it's arts purposes to hold up a mirror to society. If we don't like what we see in the mirror, it's our and not arts responsibility to make a change.
Simon Niemann says:
I see that the wise words of Bigideas unfortunately did not make it into this video..
Jack Lame says:
Should movies teach morality? Absolutely
rémy says:
agreed: Joker is just ok.
Joachim Phenix peformance and the photography are awesome.
The rest is meh
coffeefrog says:
Science says that people don't cause violence because of video games, so why would movies be any different?
Eded Ed says:
You're a slippery bloke, aren't you?
You spend — and this is NOT an exaggerration — 4/5 of the video on the history of the uses and abuses of art and then, almost imperceptibly, DO imply that the hysteria over the movie is merited.
It's barely discernible, but it's there.
Of course, you'll say that's not what was meant. And I suppose that's the intent of this vid: to say something vague-ish w/o coming out and saying it
A waste of 10 minutes
Incidentally: of course are 'effects' us. What a silly and positively banal statement to make. And of course people ARE allowed to critique it. It's a straw man to imply that people ever said otherwise. What I wanted to hear was your position concerning the movie's content FLESHED OUT and WELL-ARGUED.
I also wanted you to weigh in on the initial reaction to the movie since, as the date indicates, you released this vid almost a month after the buzz over the movie occurred.
But, of course, you won't do that b/c you lack the inclination to take a stand; you'd polarise half the ppl here if you took a position. God, how sad. Worse still, how boring….
Sam Durfee says:
Hey you realize humans have been teaching morals by way of story telling, since we developed language.
Also Plato was historically the world's biggest hypocrite, like how he lied about the existence of Atlantis and that anchient women were totally equal to men but women in modern Greece (his time) we're only good for the kitchen and baby making.
Art, no matter what, is trying to say something. To invoke feelings, people are different and will interpret art in their own way. Morality is always a factor because despite what philosophy will say, people and society will always tie their feelings to their morality. If they disagree with something many will call it immoral.
Once upon a time Homosexuality was almost universally believed to be bad and a detrimental to society. Today making such a claim would be seen as bad and detrimental to society. So who decides what's morally good or bad if our feelings can dictate for either side of the spectrum.
Put simply I don't trust society to dictate what is moral, which means art will always be seen as an expression of such morality.
Nanook128 says:
The entire conversation around the Joker is wrong because it implies that the Joker does contain bad ideas. The message of eat the rich is a very good idea.
D L L says:
Stories must teach morality, they cannot help it. Even postmodern stories which are deliberately free of this kind of thing teach a morality, it's just a death-worshipping one.
boyd stallings says:
I find the idea that art has a social responsibility to be an oxymoron
DC Chronicles says:
Joker was a pointless bore of a movie. If You think there's some deep message in it, you're a moron who has zero clue about the real word
Joz says:
I was always taught that Plato was supposed to be revered as one of the founding fathers of western thought and philosophy without really being told anything he argued, just that "Oh he wrote the Republic" or "Oh he was old and he was greek"
But honestly, Plato was a little bitch
And before anyone says anything yes, I know Plato was supposedly a swole wrestler, that's not what I mean
Faldegast says:
Art has the responsibility to relief the need to resort to violence in order to express ideas.
Valery Petrov says:
Thank you for the video!
I liked how you presented the history of the philisopy of art in a very condenced and entertaining manner. I highly doubt your point about Poe and Wilde philosophies being reactions to Marxism though. It would have been helpful if you brought some quotes from Marx or Marxist thinkers of that time to proof it. The idea of Poe and Wilde's views being reaction to the puritanic and victorian views on art seems more plausible to me.
And I would have appreciate more of the actual analysis of the movie! You sort of hinted at how it's influence can't be ignored and that criticism has a social responsibility (very sound point!), but never actually went on and offered your own critical view of the movie. It is almost as if you yourself have avoided the responsibility you've talked about…
You thought it was just fine? Are you kidding us..this film.not a movie, a FILM. It was brilliant.
G Ventura says:
From the first paragraph, you reveal you have no idea what this movie is about
Ikol101 says:
No Bigideas quote when talking about Plato's philosophies. I am disappointed.
Petrico94 says:
Personally I liked the Joker movie. Not the best art house film, it has flaws even as just a movie, but it feels new for comic movies and fits the character myhtos, you can even sweep it under the rug with all the DC multiverse and multiple choice back stories if you want. A lot of critics just don't know what they're talking about now, I do see this could inspire real violence but luckily the movie has been reduced from "incel gamer call to action" to "movie". I wouldn't say it glorifies his acts, half of it's all his fault but he doesn't know better or goes with some extreme options, but it helps people sympathize with people in his situation where society doesn't care to treat or understand his condition.
All art should be allowed to be provocative. Introducing new ideas outside of clear moral cautionary tales can help people figure out ideas for themselves, better understand the opposition if done right and strengthen their current beliefs. I also agree making your art fun makes it much easier to read/watch. Joker isn't the best film of it's kind but audiences seem to agree it's fun, more people watch it for consideration and more heads can bounce ideas around, so far it's been rather constructive. Dry escapism is fine, I guess, so long as it can inspire something more important or the idea of a pleasant scene is the goal, just watch any unintended messages you might send. Yes you get those people who find ugly meanings in everything, but it's often easy to find just as much beauty that negates their points of views, or maybe you really did make something with a harmful moral and should think through it better next time/try to rebrand.
Nabila Iqbal says:
Why so serious!!! Art is more effective when it is more relatable, even in real life people tend to prefer the company of other people that they can relate to- how long you can stare the beautiful face of the other person.
One can not kill the author, the phrase 'art for art's sake' was invented when there was a extreme swing to the political materials. Is this phrase still applicable to the current era of mindless super hero movies?
Alex Philippa says:
Fun video, first I've seen of your channel! I do have some thoughts on it, though. And I know you need to summarize and comprehend in these videos, but maybe there is someone who can do something with this regarding the theoretical framework.
In a discussion of an artwork, its role and its societal responsibility (and that of creators, critics and public), it does feel kind of strange to delve into different, and often a bit outdated, texts of the western canon, but leaving out things like marxist theory (I mean, you did mention it) and contemporary debates on the relation between the artwork, the creator, critics and the public – for example, the notorious 'death of the author' seems to me an interesting point wrt societal responsibility.
Matt Osso says:
First off, Joker is rated R and is meant for an adult audience (not children).
Secondly, the vast majority of movie-goers that are going to see this movie are comic book fans. They (as well as movie-goers in general) understand that, no matter how violent and relistic it is, it's still a fictional movie about a fictional villain whose backstory was always left as a mystery. The fact that it is shown from Joker's perspective doesn't change that. Nor does making him sympathic.
Viewing the character through a sympathetic lense, while making him more interesting, does NOT make him relateable. The fact that Joker's perspective of the story seems to glorify his acts of violence, instead of villainizing them, actually makes him more terrifying as a villain. He is so far removed from reality that he thinks he is inspiring positive change, when we can all see that he is essentially a sociopathic terrorist.
Finally, the idea that the creators are out of touch with working class people is laughable. Remember, this is a fictional world. It's Gotham City. A place where supervillians live among the most violent and corrupt society in the (fictional) world. The creators understood this, and knew that the demographic they were shooting understood this as well. It's a movie people. A disturbing, yet fascinating insight into Batman's most enigmatic (no Riddler puns, please. lol) nemesis and the most dangerous supervillain in all of Gotham.
NeverNedDead says:
First person to agree with me that it was just an ok movie. Thank you!
Timefliesbye says:
I wonder what the people who think movies have a social responsibility would say if someone claimed they were inspired by those people to do something bad. They'd probably change their tune very quickly about media inspiring people. Anyway agree the movie was okay. I was entertained. It had a good message and the fallout was hilarious to see. The media went nuts and so did about half the critics who somehow struggled to identify the most straightforward message in history. If you want a good laugh look up TYT reviews Joker. It's hilariously bad.
Mikeztarp says:
Art critics are the ones who should GTFO. Joker doesn't glorify violence. There. All cleared up.
BZenga says:
as a marxist i'm just going to say stfu all art is political since all people make art based on their surroundings hell aestheticism is a reaction to politics class consciousness is true consciousness worker oppression is the real oppression joker is about how reaganomics don't work #FeelTheBern
Tous says:
Check out Art Of Story; every story is about moral values.
Peter E says:
I don't get why people say this movie is so great, I mean it's an ok movie but it's nothing special and it's not original in any way, the movie literally lifts it's premise and themes from 2 other very popular movies: Taxi Driver and The King of Comedy and while those movies were at least aware of what they were saying and had actual criticism of their violent main characters, this one doesn't. So the message isn't as palatable and the movie isn't original or particularly stimulating or fun to watch. It honestly would be a better movie to watch first time if it wasn't called the Joker or set in the Batman universe because while all my criticisms of the movie would still be there, at least there'd be more tension because we wouldn't know how it ends. As soon as you walk into the theater, you already know Arthur's faith and that just makes it so the entire movie is me waiting for Arthur to snap as opposed to watching and hoping that he becomes a more stable individual. Again that wouldn't be a problem if I was actually having fun watching the movie and I really didn't. What Joker has is an incredible performance by Joaquin Pheonix but a great performance alone isn't enough to make a great movie.
Matthieu Rhéaume says:
I find it sad that expressing concerns about the implications of a given piece of art is so often misunderstood as being favorable to censorship. I think Joker was irresponsible and I'm calling for no censorship, what do reactionaries do with that?
daustin8888 says:
Joshua Levy says:
Anyone can interpret anything from whatever they can externally perceive such as a case with Hilter, as he took a story and taken it literally, https://youtu.be/rXU7xzYhiiQ?t=72 ,Joker simply highlights the fault in society, a society that failed him, mishandled him and he represents retribution as his last joke to Murray, "What do you get when you cross a mentally ill loner with a society that abandons him and treats him like trash? You get what you f**kin' deserve!"
In terms of art, art is taking what is taken from what's inside and presented externally outside based on the experiences of the external world. People can interpret it to whatever their pattern recognition patterns can make up. Anything inside is built up from various experiences that can make a transformative impact. Art makes us think, feel, and respond to.
Joker is a masterpiece, you just have to sit on it a bit and feel what that character was feeling. I totally understood Arthur Fleck, others perhaps won't.
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Abraham Griesbauer says:
Plato didn't mean it literally, but pretty much all communists/socialists do.
Charles Glaze says:
It takes off very slow but it's clear too me that they tried to glorify a that JOKER was everything crazy .this movie is dangerous to a non concious person who doesn't have a deep thought process of thinking before they act ! I'm on NOLAN'S Batman begins side of the conflict ! this joker needs his ass beat by Batman ! He had no real objective I the movie !
Satan's Little Helper says:
Can someone tell me which song is playing during the Horace part? Awesome video btw!
Ali ReRE says:
Muuuurrraayy
Kalp Parashar says:
Kindly make video on infernal affairs trilogy
Marco Alencar says:
Considering how humans work (from a psychological point of view), it's inevitable that art teaches something therefore have social influence and therefore, in my opinion, should be responsible for what it teaches.
Qpid says:
*leeps towards keyboard
Arthur Simsa says:
I usually enjoy watching your videos, but this one is full of errors. You claim that Art for Art's sake was a reponse to Marxism. That is historically false. If anything, that is the other way around. And do you really believe that your quote by Oscar Wilde came from a place of being "fatigued by an overabundance of politicsed readings"? Is it not quite obvious that the Preface to Dorian Gray was an attempt to protect himself against the censorship of conservative Victorian moralists? And not against the Reds?
Less importantly, the "Aesthetics Movement" generally refers to a 1880's fine and applied arts movement in Great Britain. It is not a term that you can really use to refer to Théophile Gautier – he was French, he was a writer, and he worked 40 years earlier. Gautier was a member of the "Parnassiens", a forerunner of Symbolism as a whole, and an influence on the Décadent and Fin de siècle – which are, roughly speaking, the equivalents of the British "Aesthetics". Yes, I guess I am boring at parties;)
iKhanKing says:
My big issue with a lot of the criticism of Joker isn't that people are politicizing it. It's that people are bringing a whole lot of baggage with them into the film, and then judging the film based on it's consistency with this baggage.
Because of this, I think a lot of people are glossing over the fact that Joker has a lot of themes that aren't broad social commentary. A lot of Joker serves as an individual character study, an exploration of human perception and sanity, and a discussion of how we as humans respond to strife. Those are meaningful and politically meaningful themes to explore, but they are far more deconstructed than the level many people (both critics and fans) have attempted to explore the film.
I think that's why you see some critics saying the film has "not much to say". Because yeah, if you walk into the movie having identified a bunch of social problems, and go in looking for constructed social message, there really isn't a strong one underlying the movie.
spb koon says:
Art has nothing but social responsibility. It's an advertisment for what we would otherwise oversee or forget about. Message of Joker, though, is not "killing is fine if those people piss you off", but "what about mentally ill and loners? don't they deserve compassion?" And this is what Joker brilliantly demonstrates. On the other hand, this is what woke film culture fails to demonstrate despite treir every effort with women, blacks, gay, etc. They paint a picture that has nothing to do with reality, touches none of strings of compassion in the audience and wonder, how come they are not well-received? Audience much be mysoginistic! Or homofobic! Thing is, bad art deserves to be forgotten no matter of political intensions of artists. And guess what, dear critics? You are two steps behind what your real political concern should be. Depression and mental illness is on the rise so much so that we are going to have an epidemic.
Then again, Tony Stark or Carol Danvers kill a ton of people. Why no one is making a fuss about that? They are murderous psychopaths, I tell you, and should be deemed as villains, just as Joker.
Ethereal Dweller says:
Goop.
David Umstattd says:
Even aesthetics have a point.
ThePepgirl1234 says:
Hello, Mr. Hayden,
Could you to an analysis of the Souther Korean film, Parasite? That film confused me a bit.
If anyone else here saw Parasite, you can reply and explain more about the plot. I understand separation of class but not everything else.
Theonlymexicanman Man says:
Don't you just love that the internet blamed the media for spreading the "Joker may cause violence" when it was actually just a few critics who did that.
Jesus Christ people are fucking mislead so easily
Charles Young says:
Could have said more
Zelnyair says:
I don't know what it was with people around me and the media and so on, but I kept being told to avoid Joker and it had a lot of dark stuff in it and so on.
But what I don't get is that it's The Joker- he's one of comics' most infamous villains. Maybe even one of the best known villains in fiction at all. I expect him to kill people in the movie. I expect him to have a messed-up psyche. So what's with all the dissuasion from the media and stuff? I don't get it.
Stubbs 314 says:
"Joker tells the story of a mentally ill loner named Arthur Fleck who decides to murder everyone that he's angry with, which inadvertently causes a violent uprising against the rich."
The killings in the subway weren't some strike back against people he hated, it's clearly a self defense murder for 2/3 of those men who were complete strangers that Arthur didn't know or have any feelings about before he stepped on to that train.
Certainly he kills those he feels have wronged him in some way later in the film but those deaths are irrelevant to the uprising in the city.
Crocoshark says:
The problem with the critics in their concern with the message a movie sends is . . . they don't actually know what message most people are taking from a work. Their presumptions are wholly unscientific, taking what they took from a work and projecting that onto everyone else. It'd be better if they these kinds of critics treated it a bit like sociology, asking different people what they took from a movie, testing whether they answer questions differently after consuming a large about of certain types of media.
A lot of people probably walked out of the Joker thinking about mental health or compassion for the less fortunate.
Maybe some people have their own feelings pushed toward something violent. But that push could've come from a conversation with a friend, other violent media or their own thoughts. It's more of a symptom of the problem. What if someone else in the same problem just commits suicide quietly. Is that not a problem because they didn't commit some shocking act of violence?
Mass shootings are like the mountain peaks peering above clouds obscuring the emotional pain we don't see. People that focus only on the rare violent outbursts of troubled people only want to scrape away the visible peaks while smaller mountains, the pain the doesn't result in mass shootings, goes unnoticed.
It does make sense to be concerned about violence, and even where some people are being pushed. And some people just need to be locked up. We need to make the world a safer place, but instead of only trying to plug the holes where we think troubled people are getting ideas, we should make all the emotional pain mountains smaller, and throw a few more ropes to those who believe violence is their only option.
As for artists, I don't think any artist intends to make a truly pro-violence story. They have another message they want to get across, and perhaps it'd be good to think about how to keep from being misread when making a work of art. If any artists DO generally believe in a pro-violence message . . . then they're on the same mountains that violent people are, even if they haven't peaked the clouds with a news headline. And that just proves my point.
Art is just people talking to other people, but on a larger scale. Sure, mind your language, but at the end of the day, it's still people expressing their emotions or ideas to other people. We can only expect to have so much control over that.
Ike_of_the_Greil_Mercenaries says:
Only, "ok"? It's your opinion, but I thought it was the best movie of 2019.
Jesse McNeil says:
Personally, I think is an act of exploration of concepts on the very edge of the artist's understandings, so in the case of Joker art shouldn't be teaching morals it should be exploring morality. How much of his actions are his fault vs the fault of society, mental illness and its effect of personal accountability? It should not give us the answers or else it simply becomes propaganda, I think this is why many people don't like kids cartoons they are simple propaganda for good morals which admittedly good morals are not a bad thing for kids growing up to be indoctrinated into.
Ignacio Awqa Rodríguez Chávez says:
you should watch Contrapoints video about this
Blake Perrine says:
saw this video. I absolutely loved it. earned my subscription. keep making good videos
GOGOgomes says:
Should you learn morality from movies?
Leon K says:
So… Plato was basically Rorschach from Watchmen?
aR0ttenBANANA96 says:
Oscar Wilde, Albert Camus and Octavio Paz are probably the 3 best writers opposing said poisoning. The latter 2 actually being significantly involved in the rise of Marxism across the world and part of similar circles before they started thinking about why it and distanced themselves.
Amell Yrizarri says:
Some times Plato sounds like a proto Hitler
oneof Yus says:
Should YOU answer YOUR question in the title? What's YOUR point man? You are truly the master of 10min pointlessness.
David Hogan says:
Something I noticed while watching this a second time through.
The Edgar Allen poem you reference is…lying.
The poem claims to be a poem, a poem written for the poem's sake, and nothing more, and that this make supremely noble compared to other poems.
Except it isn't. This poem still teaches a philosophy; the "philosophy" of Art for Art's sake.
The poem serves the purpose of teaching this understanding of art to others, or atleast defending Poe's stance on it to critics.
Poe is lying here..
Just something I noticed. Love the channel!
Śivani Irina says:
Hey, I loved your concise and sharp slice of history of the aesthetic theories! Kudos for making 'dry' philosophycal ideas accessible. ❤ Just a thought- I know you mentioned the 'l'art pour l'art' vs. 'l'art engage' (marxism), but maybe also mention Nietzsche? 🙂
Elizabeth Athineu says:
I never thought I'd say this: Up yours, Plato.
olioxen says:
Tell me if I'm way off, but Art to me is like a "scientific article", there are times where scientific studies are entertaining/valuable/educational/questionable/deceiving/etc., it all depends on who is producing the "scientific article", its entertaining&educational if it's from Neil DegrasseTyson, its questionable if it's from someone you never heard, its deceiving if it comes from a major corporation, it's all about agendas to me. Todd Phillips just wanted to make a damn good film disguised as a comic book movie, the media with their own agendas pushed this narrative of glorified violence.
Bard TV says:
It's a cautionary tale about what happens when people are abused instead of loved. Obvious, but something to remember
Benjamin Brady says:
Haven't watched the video yet but if don't hug me I'm scared has anything to say, hell no
TSG Fan says:
A good criticism is an art itself
Dragon Phoenix says:
Entertainment that enriches is excellent, no? But movies should not teach morality at ALL! ALL humans MUST know morality, embody it, practice it in all thought word and deed, with mutual care and respect, especially toward the biodiversity that keeps us alive. Planet Earth is just fine without any life on it, but Humanity is a precious thing. Movies like this bring us face to face about the furious NEED for Humanity to embody Humanity, Nurture Nature.
DJ Howard says:
Should movies have to teach morality? Hell no. People should be taught that movies shouldn't influence their thoughts and behaviors. Media should not have the impact it has on us but it does and knowing this you shouldn't make media that can cause harm.
Olivia Po says:
Art, to me, is purely about expression. It is impossible to say that art should be "teaching morals," because who really gets to decide the parameters of what is and isn't moral? Like he said in the video, the Catholic Church had a very strong hold on what morals could and couldn't be portrayed by Renaissance artists. There are also many instances where art can challenge someone's morality. I think it's safe to say that without modern art that arose during the 1960s, for example, the extreme change in America's socio-political atmosphere wouldn't have been possible.
Art's purpose is purely for people to be able to express themselves, and what they choose to express can either be agreed or disagreed with by the audience. It's not that it SHOULD teach morals, but that it CAN teach morals.
David Cameo says:
As always, I love your channel and, like all your other videos, this one still gets a 👍 from me! However, I feel like most of the criticism received by this movie is a direct result of not looking deep enough into who the protagonist, antagonist, and the antagonist's antagonist really is…. because, when you really think about it (and I have), the protagonist is optional ; the protagonist is the viewer.
The movie is attempting to unfurl the cruel world Gotham really is (the antagonist's antagonist) and what enough social pressure can eventually create (the antagonist). The potential protagonist, AKA the viewer, is forced to reconcile this with their own world and, (hopefully) as a result, be kinder in their daily lives… because there are gradients of ugliness in this world that people will inevitably run into: The movie just confronts us with that ugliness, head-on, in its extreme forms. So I can see why a critic would repudiate this film even on an art-for-art's sake merit, claiming that there's no redeeming quality to this film: it's hard to watch (leaving aside the moral-panic question).
Meanwhile, Bulgakov, Dostoevsky, and Solzhenitsyn take turns turning in their graves.
…if you can't find beauty/merit in ugliness… if you can't find reasons to laugh when the logical response is to cry, what are we even doing here?
David B says:
We can have arts for arts sake AND art for the sake of inspiring thought and emotion. I mean, art for arts sake also exists to inspire emotion; it's just an emotion which takes no ideological or political stance. But all art exists to inspire. It's up to the artist what emotion or thought they want to inspire, or even if they simply want the viewer / reader / player to think for themselves.
Cup of Joe says:
Where did you find the part in the republic where plato tells the poets to gtfo. I've been trying to source it but it's a big work.
Siva Wright says:
You are just defending Critics.
J3en says:
When is the essay about the views on art of Deidera and Sasori from Naruto Shippuden
Ryan Pedersen says:
Insert: T H E B I B L E
Trevor Campbell says:
Number two me lord
Ciaran Rooney says:
Gotta love you yanks! Art pour l'art is American because Poe said – this poem which is a poem and nothing more, this poem written solely for the poem's sake
Should youtube videos dictate what movies should do?
Dainess says:
Those who hide the ugly meanings of beautiful things are the truly corrupt, for the embellishing of the profane is the bane of civilization and the shackles of the peoples.
Jonathan Williams says:
Unsubscribe man
Seanonymous says:
A Clockwork Orange was banned in several countries under this same reaction. While Clockwork actually makes pointed ethical arguments in it's narrative, Joker was ultimately just nihilist trash. I enjoyed it, but it really had little to offer beyond a great performance.
Beautiful way of publicing theoretical art philosophy 🙂 Good work.
Daniel Oliveira says:
So basically don't consume media blildly
Kenneth Wallace says:
When people say "art for artists sake", what exactly do they mean? That art should have no meaning? Or that art should have no obligations? Because a lot of people who complain about putting "politics" in art seem to imply the former, not the latter. Actually, if I am being really cynical, I think it is a bad faith argument, and they are really saying stop putting in politics that I don't like in art". But… whatever…
Art is at its most powerful when it IS saying something. Everybody enjoys a dumb Marvel movie, but films like Saving Private Ryan stay with you for years. The truly best movies never leave you. Artists should express what they like. That includes politics.
SquirrelandOwl says:
I realized while watching this video that Joker should have shot his dwarf friend. The film really bothered me that he let that character live simply because he was nice to Joker earlier in the film. The whole film is talking about how people with no mental illness can't relate to how the mind of a person with mental illness does. Yet we see him make a decision that is so recognizable for its motives to we the sane. Wouldn't it have been better to have Joker tell his friend that he didn't deserve to die, because unlike the person Joker just stabbed he was a good person, then shoot him and laugh anyway? That would have been disturbing, but at the same time you could almost glimpse why Joker would find that funny.
The Feral Phoenix says:
Where would you consider art as a social commentary to fit into those 3 opinions of what art should do?
Because I see Joker primarily as a commentary of "this is what happens when someone is left to slip through all the cracks of a flawed society that forgets about them." Which, to me, is a social commentary and almost a warning to not let these things happen? (That being said Joker as a film has its issues for sure)
Miriam K says:
I don't think that there really is "art for arts sake" and if it is, it's probably not good art. Intentionally or not, it always is a reflection of society, of morals, of emotions. It's a way to deal with the world, to analyse, it's even used as therapy.
I haven't seen the movie, so I can't really judge how valid the critique is, but since it's release it didn't inspire any violence. In my personal opinion, it's not irresponsible to put such movies out, as it isn't irresponsible to make violent video games or music. For me it's a cop out, even though media influences us, it's really greater societal problems that drive people so far, the neglect of the mentally ill, of those who slip through the net and the fact that some do. And as far as I know, this is what Joker is about.
Gerardo Rodriguez says:
The MSM needs people to stay angry and fearful of white males. This is why there can't be any empathy for them because it breaks their narrative. This is one of the cruelest things Ive seen the media do and it's all politically motivated. How can the left be so supportive towards women and so cold hearted towards white men. Don't they call themselves the party of empathy and inclusivity?
gony paz says:
It should inspire an idea an emotion and the optimal fantasy/ a warning
So if it's about violent actions it shouldn't try to be a fantasy
Superheroes are a violent fantasy
It shows all power as only valuable if it can be used to attack people
And it doesn't give any rules like
Don't kill someone who you already have in handcuffs
But in batman
They unrealistically escape which will encourage the audience to see murder as the only solution
And that's not realistic but they don't show that it isn't
If the bad guys were shown to escape by unicorns then it wouldn't inspire this desire for violence which might carry over to how they handle real conflict
Michael Price says:
"I find the Joker movie, just OK." Fanboi rage commences.
adesays says:
I also thought it was an ok movie and not a masterpiece. I'm glad I'm not the only one
Umbra says:
YES; FUCK U
Francine Morris says:
Good question. Movies are about telling stories, Entertainment is the side affect. Each person has their own idea of what entertainment is to them, hence different genres, variety or types of film . My opinion is the art of storytelling is to teach lessons, good and bad. The native Americans some historians say, are the best at it. I'm a stuntwoman/actress (IMDb me) on hiatus from Hollywood since 2004. I believe in the 2010 song Michael Buble' "Hollywood" is dead. How he lived to sing and produce that truth inquiring minds wanna know. Yet I agree good movies that teach correct and properly are hard to find. Thank Goodness the internet is providing a way for great storytelling to continue while that tired Hollywood formula dies out. I believe that the craft and art of storytelling looks promising for the betterment of humanity. 🦄💟🙏🏽 from Reel Entertainment Dimensions [email protected]
Not Todd Howard says:
You're right, I am going to tell you to stop politicizing a film. And all I heard was "It's ok when TLJ does it." I think I speak for most when I say we would rather not keep bringing up The Last Jedi but you make it difficult not to when you give that film a complete pass on things and criticize others for doing the same thing, even when they're far less egregious about it.
Ishmam Masud - Cuz I Can says:
Another problem is how slowly morality would develop, since you wouldn't be allowed to express your own morality that may go against the popular morality. I'm definitely not saying I nor the writer for Joker is agreeing with the Joker's mentality, they definitely aren't. But what I am saying is that the first amendment is there for a reason. And there are a lot of times where the morality of the society isn't ethical. And if people guarded it, then it would never get better.
Also this goes to shows another problem with enforcing "morality" in art.
Some things you just can't express, portray, or teach without giving a vastly different perspective and mentality.
A lot of stories try to relate to most people, the Joker does not, and for a very specific moral reason. It teaches you what's it like, and doesn't sugar-coat it.
It is educational in this way, and forcing our own moralities in art will narrow them, make us more bias, and stop us from seeing new perspectives. Even if that perspective is obviously wrong, it is also very educational. Being trapped in the consensus point-of-view will only teach you so much about people and the world.
Art like this allows you to see more. And you learn how people can have very, very different mentalities.
Liam Hogan says:
If critics truly wish to question the effects of art on people, then they should be trained in psychology, or at least submit to it's discoveries; allegories do not condition people to violence or ideology, propaganda and Skinnerian conditioning can and do, respectively. Speculation or assertion about the moral implications of art should not ignore what has been learned about the long-term mental effects of various stimuli and our natural thinking habits.
Brock English says:
Art shouldn't be forced to have meaning but Critics shouldn't be forced to not look for it.
Anurag ! says:
No movies, books or games shouldn't teach your morality but they shouldn't glorify mass murderers either which maybe unintentionally is what Joker does.
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text:
Climate changes and cultural shifts on Easter Island during the last three millennia
Valentí Rull, N. Cañellas-Boltà, O. Margalef, S. Pla-Rabes, A. Sáez and S. Giralt
Valentí Rull1, N. Cañellas-Boltà2, O. Margalef3, S. Pla-Rabes3, A. Sáez4 and S. Giralt1
Easter Island's cultural shifts have been explained mostly by anthropogenic forcing and climate changes have been dismissed as relevant drivers of societal change. Recent findings demand a more complex scenario in which climatic, ecological and cultural factors interact.
Easter Island (Rapa Nui) is a small (164 km2) and remote Pacific island formed by the coalescence of three volcanic cones. The interior uplands are dominated by the Terevaka volcano (511 m elevation) to the north, and the rest of the island is characterized mostly by lowlands. Easter Island has been the home of several scientific enigmas including the chronology of its settlement by people, the origin of the first settlers, and the timing and causes of the disappearance of the ancient Rapanui civilization that built the megalithic statues known as moai.
Figure 1: Location map. (A) The Pacific Ocean and its main archipelagos (Easter Island is highlighted by a red dot). (B) Sketch-map of Easter Island indicating the sites referred to in the text.
The currently available evidence favors colonization from Eastern Polynesia (Fig. 1) between AD 800 and 1200 (Flenley and Bahn 2003; Hunt 2007; Wilmshurst et al. 2011). However, the breakdown of the ancient Rapanui culture is still debated. The more widely known theory is the occurrence of a cultural collapse following the anthropogenic deforestation of the island and the associated ecological catastrophe or ecocide (Diamond 2005). An opposing view is that deforestation was largely caused by massive tree-seed consumption by introduced Polynesian rats (Hunt 2007). According to this view, cultural collapse was not a consequence of deforestation but of slave trading and the introduction of unknown diseases after the European contact (AD 1722). Hypotheses on the potential influence of climatic changes have been traditionally underrated in favor of anthropogenic explanations (Flenley and Bahn 2003). In the last decade, however, important evidence for climatic shifts on the island and its regional context has grown, and proposals based solely on human pressure have been challenged.
Early proposals
The first proposals of a potential influence of climate on ecological and cultural shifts on Easter Island were based on theoretical assumptions, rather than on factual evidence. For example, McCall (1993), by analogy with other geographical areas, argued that droughts during the Little Ice Age (LIA; ca. 14th to 19th centuries) might have affected the island's ecosystems and human practices leading to relevant cultural changes. However, evidence of such changes on the island was still lacking. Nunn (2007) proposed that Polynesian climates were relatively stable during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) but a phase of general instability and lower sea level started at AD 1300 and continued during the LIA, possibly caused by an intensification of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. This climatic reversal would have led to widespread ecological and social crises in the region, and the cessation of transoceanic navigation. According to Nunn (2007), the cultural shift that represented the end of the ancient moai-building Rapanui society was a consequence of the LIA climatic deterioration but direct in situ evidence of climatic changes on the island remained to be demonstrated.
Azizi and Flenley (2008) studied sediments from Lake Raraku (Fig. 1) corresponding to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and found palynological evidence of forest continuity, in spite of the presumed temperature and moisture declines. These authors concluded that if forests were resilient to climatic changes as intense as the LGM, further late glacial and Holocene environmental shifts of lower intensity could not have been responsible for the island's deforestation. This reinforced the view that the recent historical deforestation should have been anthropogenic, rather than of climatic origin. The influence of the ENSO variability was dismissed on the basis of instrumental records of the second half of the 20th century and modeling results showing that such interannual periodical forcing was unable to cause significant variations in precipitation patterns during the last millennium (Genz and Hunt 2003; Junk and Claussen 2011).
Climate changes
Figure 2: Summary of the climatic, ecological and cultural trends of Easter Island over the last three millennia (simplified from Rull et al. 2016). Drought phases are shaded. Horizontal bars represent the age range for the occurrence of the indicated cultural and environmental events, according to the available literature. Abbreviations: RWP = Roman Warm Period, DACP = Dark Ages Cold Period, MCA = Medieval Climate Anomaly, 1300 = "1300 event", LIA = Little Ice Age, Am = Americans, cu = first evidence of local cultivation, dgt = drought, pd = partial deforestation, td = total deforestation, wtr = wetter.
During the last two decades, paleoecological and paleoclimatic research on Easter Island has intensified and new sedimentary records have been obtained that provide new evidence for climatic changes during the last millennia. The first records suggesting the occurrence of arid climates during the Late Holocene came from Lake Raraku, in the coastal lowlands, and were used to tentatively relate aridity and ecological shifts, especially associated to forest dynamics (Mann et al. 2008; Sáez et al. 2009). Further work on the same lake yielded an almost continuous record for the last 2700 years that provided evidence for two drought phases, between ~AD 880 and 1170 and ~AD 1570 and 1720 (Cañellas-Boltà et al. 2013). The peats of the Rano Aroi swamp, in the interior uplands (Fig. 1), provided a continuous record of a similar time period showing three phases of landscape opening (i.e. forest retraction) associated to drier climates at 300 BC to AD 50, AD 600 to 1100, and AD 1520 to 1700 (Rull et al. 2015). The two later phases roughly coincided with the Lake Raraku droughts and occurred during the MCA and the LIA, respectively (Fig. 2).
The Raraku and Aroi records showed heterogeneous deforestation patterns across the island. In Raraku, deforestation began by 450 BC and was associated with the onset of charcoal and the pollen of Verbena litoralis, a weed of American origin (Cañellas-Boltà et al. 2013). This challenged previous theories of a unique colonization event from Polynesia by AD 800-1200. However, this is not a direct evidence of human presence and should be confirmed with further studies. In addition, archaeological evidence for such an early colonization (BC 450) is still lacking. The deforestation of this catchment was completed by AD 1530 (Fig. 2); therefore, forest clearing was a slow and gradual process elapsing two millennia. The situation was very different in the Aroi catchment, where forests remained virtually untouched until AD 1520 and were rapidly removed in roughly one century. This deforestation coincided with the appearance and sudden increase of charcoal particles suggesting anthropogenic burning (Rull et al. 2015). Another difference between the Raraku and Aroi sites was that, prior to deforestation, the first was occupied by dense forests whereas the second was covered by open forests (Fig. 2). This has been explained in terms of altitudinal differences in the vegetation cover due to climatic constraints (Flenley and Bahn 2003), a hypothesis that has not been confirmed yet. In the Kao basin, the lack of a reliable chronology (Butler and Flenley 2010; Horrocks et al. 2013) complicates the interpretation, but the record showed the occurrence of two deforestation events, between AD 50 and 100, and AD 1350 and 1800 (Butler and Flenley 2010). Spatio-temporal differences in deforestation patterns agree with the apparent heterogeneity in land-use practices documented by archaeological evidence (Stevenson et al. 2015). The combined evidence obtained so far suggests a conspicuous pattern of coastal abandonment toward inland settlements, a common feature in many eastern Pacific archipelagos during the same times (Nunn 2007).
A new scenario
The concurrence of conspicuous climatic, ecological and cultural changes during the last millennia suggests that the recent history of Easter Island may be more complex than previously thought and that natural and anthropogenic drivers of change, as well as their potential synergies, might have been influential in determining cultural shifts (Rull et al. 2016). Rather than simplistic scenarios of single, simultaneous and island-wide cause-effect relationships, a holistic perspective that considers all the potential forcing factors should be pursued to explain Easter Island's landscape and cultural changes. Further research should be addressed under a new perspective including paleoecological, archaeological, anthropological and historical evidence. The incorporation of direct sedimentary evidence of human presence, such as fecal lipids or DNA, is strongly recommended (Rull et al. 2016).
1Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera (ICTJA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
2Department of Prehistory, Ancient History and Archaeology, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
3Ecological Research Center and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
4Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
Valentí Rull: vrull@ictja.csic.es
Azizi G, Flenley JR (2008) Quat Int 184: 166-176
Butler KR, Flenley JR (2010) Rapa Nui J 24: 5-10
Diamond JM (2005) Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. Penguin, 608 pp
Cañellas-Boltà N et al. (2013) Quat Sci Rev 72: 36-48
Flenley JR, Bahn PG (2003) The Enigmas of Easter Island. Oxford University Press, 256 pp
Horrocks M et al. (2013) J Paleolimnol 50: 417-432
Genz J, Hunt TL (2003) Rapa Nui J 17: 7-17
Hunt TL (2007) J Archaeol Sci 34: 485-502
Junk C, Claussen M (2011) Clim Past 7: 579-586
Mann D et al. (2008) Quat Res 69: 16-28
McCall G (1993) Rapa Nui J 7: 65-70
Nunn PD (2007) Climate, Environment and Society in the Pacific During the Last Millennium. Elsevier, 316 pp
Rull V et al. (2015) Quat Sci Rev 126: 219-226
Rull V et al. (2016) Front Ecol Evol 4: 29, doi 10.3389/fevo.2016.00029
Sáez A et al. (2009) Quat Sci Rev 28: 2743-2759
Stevenson CM et al. (2015) PNAS 112: 1025-1030
Wilmshurst JM et al. (2011) PNAS 105: 7676-7680

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: httpie still use python 2.7 when python 3 is installed I installed httpie via command
sudo yum install httpie

python3 command is on the PATH. But when I run http command it still use python 2.7 which cause error.
http command error
    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/http", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('httpie==0.9.4', 'console_scripts', 'http')()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 489, in load_entry_point
    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2852, in load_entry_point
    return ep.load()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2443, in load
    return self.resolve()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2449, in resolve
    module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httpie/__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from .core import main
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httpie/core.py", line 17, in <module>
    import requests
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/__init__.py", line 58, in <module>
    from . import utils
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/utils.py", line 32, in <module>
    from .exceptions import InvalidURL
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/exceptions.py", line 10, in <module>
    from urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as BaseHTTPError
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from .connectionpool import (
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 31, in <module>
    from .connection import (
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 45, in <module>
    from .util.ssl_ import (
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/util/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from .request import make_headers
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/urllib3/util/request.py", line 5, in <module>
    from ..exceptions import UnrewindableBodyError
ImportError: cannot import name UnrewindableBodyError

I can confirm python 3 is installed, python shell when I run python command
Python 3.8.5 (default, Sep  4 2020, 07:30:14)
[GCC 7.3.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

A: Without knowing your OS and its version, it will be a guess answer :)
I bet you are running an old Fedora version or CentOS?
If that's the case, the HTTPie version is very old (0.9.4), and at that time it was bundled using Python 2. So when you do sudo yum install httpie it will install http and https executable as Python 2 modules.
One solution that was proposed in comments is to use python3 -m pip install --upgrade httpie: it will make sure you are installing HTTPie for Python 3. And http & https executable will be available too. If you do so, you must first remove the HTTPie version you installed via yum.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
About Pet Shop Boys
Pet Shop Boys are an English electronic pop duo comprised of Neil Tennant and Chris Lowe. Formed in London in 1981, they've released twelve LPs–in addition to a myriad of theatrical, film, and ballet scores–and have charted forty-two UK Top 30 singles, four of them making it to number 1.
Popular Pet Shop Boys songs
West End Girls
The Pop Kids
What Have I Done to Deserve This?
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Alfred Augustus Stockton FAQs 2019- Facts, Rumors and the latest Gossip.
Alfred Augustus Stockton FAQs: Facts, Rumors, Birthdate, Net Worth, Sexual Orientation and much more!
Who is Alfred Augustus Stockton? Biography, gossip, facts?
Alfred Augustus Stockton Ph. D LL. D (November 2 1842 - March 15 1907) was a Canadian lawyer professor politician and writer. Born in Studholm New Brunswick the son of William Augustus Wiggins Stockton and Sarah Oldfield Stockton received a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Master of Arts degree in 1867 from Mount Allison Wesleyan Academy. He also received a Bachelor of Laws degree in 1869 and an LL. D in 1887 from Victoria University in Cobourg Ontario. In 1883 he received a Ph.
When is Alfred Augustus Stockton's birthday?
Alfred Augustus Stockton was born on the 2nd of November 1842 , which was a Wednesday. Alfred Augustus Stockton's next birthday would be in 194 days (would be turning 177years old then).
How old would Alfred Augustus Stockton be today?
Today, Alfred Augustus Stockton would be 176 years old. To be more precise, Alfred Augustus Stockton would be 64259 days old or 1542216 hours.
Are there any books, DVDs or other memorabilia of Alfred Augustus Stockton? Is there a Alfred Augustus Stockton action figure?
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What was Alfred Augustus Stockton's zodiac sign?
Alfred Augustus Stockton's zodiac sign was Scorpio.
The ruling planets of Scorpio are Mars and Pluto. Therefore, lucky days were Tuesdays and lucky numbers were: 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81 and 90. Scarlet, Red and Rust were Alfred Augustus Stockton's lucky colors. Typical positive character traits of Scorpio include: Determination, Self assurance, Appeal and Magnetism. Negative character traits could be: Possessiveness, Intolerance, Controlling behaviour and Craftiness.
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Alfred Augustus Stockton was 64 years old when he/she died.
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0% of all voters think that Alfred Augustus Stockton was hot, 0% voted for "Not Hot".
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Alfred Augustus Stockton died on the 15th of March 1907, which was a Friday. The tragic death occurred 112 years ago.
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" ........ Somewhere on the other side of this hell is the Heavenly promise of peace and reunion – but that's a lifetime away and [learning to cope with] death and separation from our young boy who [wanted] so much to live, cuts us deeply. It's easy to talk of God and life after death in Sunday school, but to come face to face with it is [bewildering].
But alas, we are grateful to know there is life after life ... and we have seen tender mercies in our family, even in the midst of our pain. While there are many today who have abandoned belief in God, we stand resolute … with an absolute knowledge of Heavenly Father and Jesus Christ. We have seen Him work in our lives; warning us, preparing us, and lifting us when we hardly have the strength to stand. We remain grateful for the Atonement of Jesus Christ and its healing, transcendent power. As C.S. Lewis once said of suffering, "Heaven, once attained, will work backwards and turn even [agony] into [glory]." This we know.
As we process all that is happening and the tender pains of losing our precious child, we have felt a quiet whisper that Mitchell was never really ours in the first place, but he is on loan to us from the Father of us all. He, like each of us, will return to Heavenly Father with a perfectly executed life experience filled with hardship and happiness; all designed to refine our souls for greater purposes.


I've become more and more interested in machine learning during last year. This is my way of collecting and sharing interesting reads on the topic I stumble upon. Those posts are published each Friday, they are divided into few categories and the format is constantly evolving. Last week I didn't have time to prepare a weekly drop, so some "news" today may be a bit older.
A man charged with fleeing police in a car was sentence 6 years in prison. One of the information used against him was set of bar charts analysing risks and threats he's posing to the society. It wasn't the main proof, but it is a little bit unsettling.
Short article discussion which areas of US and why will be most hit by the advent of automation. There's interesting map there also.
In this article, on the other hand, the author claims we're not quite there, and we'll need close cooperation between people and machines to progress automation.
If you're interested what's really hot in the industry, this article lists 6 most interesting technology areas.
Series of short videos explaining basic concepts of Machine Learning. Recommended rather for total beginners.
This entry was posted in ML and tagged dsp2017, machine learning, mlweekly on 19th May 2017 by Michał Łusiak.
This is another part of my series on learning Elixir.
In the previous episode, I calculated the distance of flight. I will use it later for gathering statistics. Another metric, I would like to have is a time of flight. Usually, flight departure and arrival times are presented in local time. So it gets a bit tricky to get the time length when the journey spans across few time zones.
Elixir's standard DateTime library doesn't work with time zones very well. The Internet suggests I should use Timex.
But first I needed to make some changes into my database because up until now, I had only flight date. A few weeks ago I wrote a post, how to update your schema with migrations and this time I followed the same steps. Still, I haven't figure out how to do it in a bit more automated manner.
You can read more about using Timex with Ecto on this documentation page.
Builds a changeset based on the `struct` and `params`.
As you can see, I made some approach at formatting dates. Unfortunately, I didn't manage to show them in local time. They're in UTC in here. This will be next step most likely.
That's all for today. Next week we'll try to test this new module. In the meantime, check previous episodes. And if you're interested in machine learning, look into my weekly link drop.
This entry was posted in Code, Software development and tagged dsp2017, ecto, elixir, flightlog, functional programming, phoenix, timex, timezones on 7th May 2017 by Michał Łusiak.
Tim Burton from Wait But Why wrote another lengthy article on one of the Elon Musk's project. This time it's about Neuralink, some sort of direct interface to the brain. Tim also tackled other AI-related topics, like Superintelligence, which is also a worthy read.
Kevin Kelly, on the other hand, thinks that we'll never get to superintelligence for those five reasons. Kevin was also mentioned in two weeks ago edition. I am currently reading his book and if you're interested in future, it's a must-read.
We talked several times about advancements in medicine, that Machine Learning brings. Image recognition algorithms are getting or surpassing human levels of detecting various threats to our health on diagnostic imagery. This article treats the topic of using a neural network to early detection of Alzheimer's disease.
The author of the article compares current wave of AI-advances to first booms of the internet and cloud computing, that failed miserably. Only after backing off and some advances those technologies hit a home run.
Alphabet's self-driving cars company is going to run tests in Phoenix, including people outside's of Google. People can sign up, and the rides will be for free. The goal is to check how people use and react to self-driving cars.
International Conference on Learning Representations which took place in Toulon, France in late April, just published their video on Facebook.
This is a good article for total beginners, who not only do not have much experience in Machine Learning but also feel they're lacking in math. It links to several good resources to jump up your algebra and calculus.
This entry was posted in ML and tagged dsp2017, machine learning, mlweekly on 5th May 2017 by Michał Łusiak.


Maastoa Warhammer 40 000, sekä Kill Team ja muihin scifipeleihin.
For gamers, this set adds another layer of tactical depth to your tabletop. You'll be able to use it as cover for even larger models, or scale it with infantry for a height advantage on your foes.


text:
Soccer 8 photos of Lionel Messi (Argentinean footballer)
8 photos of Lionel Messi (Argentinean footballer)
Lionel Andrés Messi, born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine footballer who plays for La Liga club FC Barcelona and is the current captain of the Argentina national team, playing mainly as a forward. He is currently Barcelona's all-time top scorer in all official club competitions, excluding friendlies.
By the age of 21, Messi had received Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year nominations. The following year in 2009 he won both the Ballon d'Or andFIFA World Player of the Year, and won the inaugural FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2010 and 2011. He also won the 2010–11 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award. Messi is the fourth football player to win three Ballons d'Or, after Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini and Marco van Basten and the second player to win three consecutive Ballons d'Or, after Michel Platini. His playing style and small stature have drawn comparisons to Diego Maradona, who himself declared Messi as his "successor". He is consistently cited by football pundits, managers, fellow players and many football fans as the best contemporary player in the world.
Messi has won five La Liga titles and three Champions League titles. In 2012, Messi made UEFA Champions League history by becoming the first player to score five goals in one match, in a 7–1 win against Bayer Leverkusen. With two goals in the next round against Milan, he matched José Altafini's record of 14 goals in a single Champions League season. He also became the first player to top-score in four successive Champions League campaigns. He set the world record for most goals scored in a season during the 2011–12 season, with 73 goals. In the same season, he set the current goalscoring record in a single La Liga Season, scoring 50 goals.
Messi was the top scorer of the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship with six goals. In 2006, he became the youngest Argentine to play in the FIFA World Cupand he won a runners-up medal at the Copa América tournament the following year, in which he was elected young player of the tournament. In 2008, he won his first international honour, an Olympic gold medal, with the Argentina Olympic football team. Sportspro has rated Lionel Messi as the 3rd most marketable athlete in the world.
LIONEL MESSI PICTURES
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.


text:
Q: Reverse query on a has_many :through Scenario:
Team
has_many :players, dependent: :destroy
has_many :users, through: :players

Player
belongs_to :team
belongs_to :user

User

So, let's say that i have 4 teams with different users:
Team 1
User 1, User 2

Team 2
User 2, User 3

Team 3
User 1

Team 4
User 2, User 4, User 5

Now, suppose i have the id of two users, (User 1, User 5), and i want to know if there is any team which consists of ONLY these two players. Let's say i have a team that consists of users 1, 2 and 5. The query should not bring this team.
How can i use ActiveRecord semantics in my favor to do this? It is easy to get all players from a team, but i couldn't find a way to do the opposite.

A: You can use two where clauses:
One for getting all the Teams having exactly two users.
Team.joins(:users).group("teams.id").having("count('distinct users.id') = 2").select("teams.id")

Second for having all Teams with users 1 and 5.
Team.joins(:users).where('users.id in (?)', [1,5]).group("teams.id").having("count('distinct users.id') = 2").select("teams.id")

Intersection of these two should give you what you need.
So to combine it all:
Team.where(id: Team.joins(:users).group("teams.id").having("count('distinct users.id') = 2").select("teams.id")).where(id: Team.joins(:users).where('users.id in (?)', [1,5]).group("teams.id").having("count('distinct users.id') = 2").select("teams.id"))

A: UPDATE: AH! I got it in pure SQL:
users = User.first(2)
Team.joins(:users).group('teams.id').having('SUM( CASE WHEN users.id in (?) THEN 1 ELSE -1 END ) = ?', users, users.count)

Try it and let me know if it works for you (working here: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!17/bb2a9/8 and the same example but with 3 players: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!17/bb2a9/10)

This is not optimized on the DB level as it uses a lot of ruby/rails code, but can you try it?
users = User.first(2)
# find teams with that exact number of players associated
teams = Team.joins(:users).group('teams.id').having('COUNT(users.id) = ?', users.count)
# find players referencing to those teams with other users than the ones specified
players_to_ignore = Player.where(team_id: teams).where('user_id NOT IN (?)', users)
# get Teams where associated players id is not in the previous list
Team.where(id: teams).joins(:players).where('players.id NOT IN (?)', players_to_ignore)

A: Team.join(:users).where('users.id in (?)', [1,5]).
select { |team| team.users.map(&:id).sort == [1,5] }

Previous answer (For pre edited question)
Will this works for you?
Team.join(:users).where('users.id in (?)', [1,5])

You can do the same on user model by
# user.rb
has_many :teams, through: :works
has_many :works, foreign_key: :user_id

Responding to your edits & comment
Hacky:
Team.join(:users).where('users.id in (?)', [1,5]).
select { |team| team.users.map(&:id).sort == [1,5] }

Better?

SQL Select only rows where exact multiple relationships exist


text:
The I-Pace Is the Most 21st-Century Jaguar
The I-Pace isn't like any Jaguar before it, and that's the point.
"When I arrived 20 years ago, one of my objectives was turn Jaguar from the old car—dare I say the old man's car—into something that's very much part of the 21st century," Jaguar design chief Ian Callum said. "I think we've just about got there, especially with this one."
DW Burnett/Puppyknuckles
Callum was speaking at the US reveal of the I-Pace last week. Looking at this car, it's hard to disagree with him—the I-Pace is like no Jaguar before it. And not just because of its electric drivetrain.
When Jaguar bosses gave the directive to build an all-electric car, the first in the brand's history, it was met with an outburst of creativity from designers and engineers. Speaking to Road & Track at the New York International Auto Show, Jaguar design studio boss Wayne Burgess gave us a taste of what the mood was like when work began on the I-Pace
"We enjoy exploring the opportunities that new architectures give us," Burgess said. "In the case of I-Pace, the minute we removed the engine and transmission, we were like, 'Hey, we could do a cab-forward design! Wouldn't it be cool to do that?'"
So that's exactly what Jaguar did, drawing inspiration from the mid-engine C-X75 supercar concept that debuted back in 2010.
"We never shrink away from an opportunity to do something different," Burgess said. He added that all the designers implicitly understood the I-Pace would be like no Jaguar before it.
Callum never ordered the team to "make this as out-there as you possibly can," says Burgess, but that was the direction the team naturally headed. But, there's a lot of logic behind the avant-garde looks of the I-Pace. Callum said it was obvious that Jaguar's first electric vehicle would be an SUV. The F-Pace, Jaguar's first SUV, was introduced for the 2016 model year and quickly became the automaker's top-selling model, so the company clearly recognizes that there's an appetite for more utility vehicles.
At the I-Pace reveal, Callum also noted the packaging challenges of an electric drivetrain. With the batteries in the floorpan, the taller roofline of an SUV made it easier to provide adequate passenger room.
A lot of the I-Pace's look is defined by a search for aerodynamic efficiency, which is crucial for an electric vehicle. That's why it has retractable door handles, a relatively small frontal area (for an SUV), and a rather dramatic Kamm-tail at the rear. Aero also brings us to one of its most intriguing design details: The grille.
Jaguar opted to fit the I-Pace with a grille opening similar to that of its other cars. It's partly a nod toward brand recognition, but it's actually functional. Behind the grille, there's a radiator—some electric cars don't use radiators, but the I-Pace uses one that cools the batteries and the car's A/C system. The top of the grille channels air to an outlet on the hood that directs it over the windshield and roof in a smooth flow. A tailgate-mounted spoiler directs the air to sweep across the rear window, eliminating the need for a rear windshield wiper.
The I-Pace isn't just a design showcase, as Jaguar Land Rover engineering boss Dr. Wolfgang Ziebart explained. It rides on an all-new, aluminum-intensive platform that houses a 90-kWh battery pack between its axles. Ziebart also said that mounting the batteries under the passenger compartment contributes to a lower center of gravity than most sedans, and a perfect 50-50 weight distribution.
The I-Pace is similar in size to a Porsche Macan, though everyone at Jaguar is quick to point out it has more interior room. Among electric cars, it's within an inch of the Tesla Model 3 length-wise, but 6.4 inches wider; at nearly 4800 lbs, the Jaguar is heavier than the 3800-lb Model 3, but the I-Pace has one more motor and roomier SUV bodywork compared to the Tesla.
The I-Pace has permanent-magnet electric motors at each axle operating independently and weighing about 172 lbs apiece. Total output is 394 horsepower and 512 lb-ft of torque.
Ziebart says the front double-wishbone suspension is derived from the F-Type, while the rear is similar to the integral-link setup used in the F-Pace. The I-Pace comes standard with air suspension which allows for a 3.5-inch range of ride height. There's even an off-road mode, which jacks the suspension up two inches and allows for 19 inches of wading, in case you want to take your I-Pace through a shallow lake.
Jaguar promises that the I-Pace drives like you'd expect one of the company's cars should, and to prove it, the automaker allowed us a very short drive on a cone course. That short drive didn't tell us a whole lot, other than that the I-Pace is quick—a lot quicker than its quoted 4.5-second 0-60 mph run would suggest. That's largely because its 512 lb-ft of torque can be deployed all at once, giving you truly instant acceleration. It's a total blast, and I could've done it all day.
The all-wheel drive system is well calibrated. Around this tight circuit I tried jumping on the power way too soon, but the car always found traction with only the slightest hint of slip. Sticky Pirelli P Zero tires no doubt helped here, but the I-Pace seems to manage the indiscriminate application of its huge torque without trouble.
But really, that's all I can tell you. I only had a few minutes behind the wheel, and mainly, it just made me want more time.
The I-Pace is nothing if not a very ambitious car from Jaguar. The sort of thing you couldn't imagine the company building ten years ago.
Time will tell if building the I-Pace will pay off for Jaguar, but what's certain is that the it's very much a car of the 21st century, as Callum said. It's definitely no old man's car.
More From Future Cars & Spy Shots
Everything We Know About the New Bronco
Hotter Cadillac CT5-V Will Get Old CTS-V Engine
New GTI Reportedly Getting 296 Horsepower
New Slingshot Has a High-Revving Four-Cylinder
2021 BMW M3 and M4: Everything We Know
Report: Next Nissan 370Z Getting Twin-Turbo V-6
The GR Yaris Broke All of Toyota's Rules


text:
Diamonds are Geoscientists best friends
Recent research of Geoscientists from Carnegie Institution for Science, Gemological Institute of America and the University of Alberta have unveiled a theory, adding to the already sought-after status of diamonds. One of the most precious gemstones, diamond is an important resource to Earth's habitability and reveals how continents are stabilized.
The longevity of earth's continent is a common research interest in the field of Geology, especially in the face of destructive tectonic activity, which studies the emergence of life on our planet. The stability is checked on the basis of underlying mantle which is attached to the landmasses. The team of geoscientists revealed that a growing section of the mantle beneath some of the continents became thick enough to provide long-term stability. Mantle keels are formed about 150 to 200 kilometers, 93 to 124 miles beneath the surface. These keels are geologic formations which act as stabilizers for the continental crust. When the components of the keels thickens, stabilizes, and cools under the continent, it forms a strong, buoyant, keel. According to geoscientists, it is this matter that plays a significant role in preserving the surface landmass against the relentless destructive forces of Earth's tectonic activity. However, how this is accomplished is still a matter of debate in the scientific community.
Through their experiments, the team realized, traces of sulfur from ancient volcanoes which transformed into the mantle and eventually into diamonds provide evidence for one particular process of continent building. The tiny mineral grains which are locked inside a diamond are unwanted in the gem trade, but are most valuable to geoscientists, since they reveal information about the conditions under which the diamond was formed and also act as mineralogical emissaries from the Earth's depths. The key to understanding how the continents came to exist in their current incarnations and how they survive on an active planet will answer important questions on earth's habitability.
Reports suggest, the comparison to diamonds hence provides groundbreaking evidence to the scientists on keel-creation through subduction. Moreover, the sulfide components present in diamonds were useful to investigate continent construction processes.
Posted in EnvironmentTagged Carnegie Institution for Science, Diamonds, Gemological Institute of America, Geoscientists, mineralogical emissaries
Russia launches world's longest submarine
Eliud Kipchoge wins London Marathon for the fourth time


text:
Q: 128k stripe > 64kb AUS > 4kb AUS I have a RAID5 of 3 x 2TB set to 128k stripe. The volume is formatted in Windows with 64kb Allocation Unit Size (AUS), and within that volume I have multiple virtual hard disks where guest operating systems are formatting them as 4kb AUS.
I'm concerned that the guests using the vhd files at 4kb AUS are wasting space as the host is instructed to write in 64kb blocks. Is my concern correct or is this not how it works?

A: Wasting space will not be a too big concern. There will be space wasted but unimportant amounts (normally up to 124 kb per vhd, if I understand correctly).
Performance, on the other hand, can be an issue. For performance reasons you should align all block and stripe sizes.

A: File system inside VM is wrapped by few huge files.  Go to directory that you create your VM image and you will know.
E.g.
You just allocate additional 10GB in your guest OS. If you didn't specify need to break to smaller file, The VM software just create one huge file and later you can allocate to the guest OS.  E.g. 10GB
So to the host OS level, it doesn't matter what you did inside the guest OS, it just deal with one huge 10GB file with 64kb block.
Please refer to VM documentation on how the data writing performed if you are concern about data security.
For performance concern, RAID 5 with 3 disk will give you BAD disk write  performance.
update 1:
Since @FlorinAsăvoaie without giving any useful information in hist comment, I just add this virtual machine alignment documentation :
https://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx3_partition_align.pdf
http://www.yellow-bricks.com/2010/04/08/aligning-your-vms-virtual-harddisks/
update 2:
I assume the question is about guest OS disk usage, not about performance, nor about VM technology about data write handling.
I don't want to brought out the topic of
"Guest OS Filesystem block size against Host OS filesystem blocksize I/O performance" + "Host OS filesystem blocksize vs RAID block size performance". It is irrelevant to the question.
For performance part.
As what I can tell : avoid massive database activities in RAID 5. It doesn't matter how good you tune your Host or guest system. Nor @FlorinAsăvoaie VM alignment method will save you if you did that. It is a inherent weakness of RAID-5 .
As in 2016, If you ask any question about performance and fault tolerance, I will say this : Don't use RAID-5, you just create a time bomb.


text:
Daily Current Affair 17 Feb 2018
Leave a Comment	/ Current Affairs, Daily Current Affairs / By Rakesh Singh
A Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the field of genetic/taxonomic studies, research and training, conservation in India, including species and habitat conservation assessments, etc. has been signed by Botanical Survey of India (BSI) and Natural History Museum (NHM), UK
NHM will help BSI in capacity building in areas of systematic botany and long-term conservation of plant genetic resources in India.
Dr Jitendra Singh, The Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) of the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER), MoS PMO, Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Atomic Energy and Space, said that Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is planning to launch Chandrayan-2 Mission around April this year.
He added, Chandrayaan-2 is the country's second mission to the moon.
On the achievements of Department of Space and Department of Atomic Energy, he was addressing a press conference.
Chandraayan-2 is a challenging mission as for the first time we will carry an orbiter, a lander and a rover to the moon.
A National Conference under the title of "Agriculture 2022 – Doubling Farmers' Income", is organized by The Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare (MoA&FW) at National Agriculture Science Complex (NASC), Pusa, New Delhi.
Scheduled on 19th and 20th February, 2018, it is a two days conference. It is organized on the advice of the Hon'ble Prime Minister with a view to identify various critical issues relating to agriculture and farmers' welfare and finding appropriate solutions.
The main aim of the conference is to build a consensus around appropriate recommendations that will help in shaping and sharpening the vision of the Government on Doubling Farmers' Income by 2022 into actionable points.
Maharashtra government will be setting up an institute for artificial intelligence (AI) in Mumbai, in a first in the country.
The plan for the institute will unveiled by Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis. The Magnetic Maharashtra Summit will be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on February 18.
Global NRI Centre (GNC) has launched by the State Bank of India, which has a strong NRI customer base of over 33 lakh,in Kochi.
For all Non-Resident Indian (NRI) banking related services, the GNC will be a one-stop customer service centre.
The bank also launched other services such as Wealth Management, SBI Intelligent Assist, Free Post Box Service, SBI Mingle for NRIs and Remittance facility for US-based customers, to enhance the service experience of
India's first and largest micro-delivery platform, Milkbasket, has been recognised as 'Startup of the Year' 2017 at the 7th Small Business Awards.
This award is dedicated to young SMEs, aged 7 years or less, with great potential to become big in local/international markets.
Milkbasket is India's first and largest daily micro-delivery service, launched in early 2015.
At recently concluded World Government Summit 2018 in Dubai, India's Aadhaar and Umang App have won awards.
Aadhaar won in the Best Government Emerging Technologies Award and Umang App won in Best m-Government Service Award for Accessible Government Category.
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior of UAE Sheikh Saif bin Zayed Al Nahyan presented the awards.
The Earnest Young's Entrepreneur of the Year 2017 has won by Sanjiv Bajaj, Managing Director, Bajaj Finserv.
E Sreedharan was honored with the Lifetime Achievement Award for transforming the face of public transportation in India.
Yet another record is added by Roger Federer to his vast collection when he became the oldest ATP world number one by beating Dutchman Robin Haase 4-6 6-1 6-1 to reach the semi-finals in Rotterdam.
Into the ABN AMRO World Tennis event Federer took a wildcard with his eyes fixed on a return to number one for the first time since November 2012.


Hurricane Season. Are you ready?
Most insurers insist on a Hurricane Preparedness Plan. Use yours as a checklist and follow the tips below. If you are preparing your boat yourself allow plenty of time to get ready. If you pay someone to prepare your boat or you store for all or part of the Hurricane Season make sure the following ideas are used as a minimum.
You cannot over-protect your property.
During Hurricane Season, June 1 to November 30, monitor weather reports twice a day. Storms can spring up unexpectedly.
When a storm threatens, decide first where to put the boat. If possible, haul it out and block it carefully in a place where trees and other boats cannot fall onto it. You can purchase worldwide coverage to defray part of the cost from Offshore Risk Management (www.offshorerisk.com).
If you are close to a snug harbor with secure holding ground and you have several heavy anchors, you might want to move the boat there. Otherwise, study the layout of your marina. Tie your boat securely in the middle of the slip.
Look at the exposed end of the harbor. Winds are generally easterly to northeasterly, although they may begin from the southeast.
Turn your boat in the slip to face the storm winds and waves as much as possible. Set up spring lines to resist forces from the storm directions.
Double the dock lines. One will remain if the other breaks or chafes through. Allow for an extremely high tide. Nylon twist lines are best for mooring or dock lines. They stretch much more than braid, take shock loads better and can by set up tightly to start with. The major problem with nylon is chafe. Put thick chafing gear on all lines. See below.
Locals who rode out hurricanes in your area can advise you how much the water level may rise in your area. Storm surges can easily double, triple or quadruple normal high tides. Ask someone from Louisiana or the Florida Keys.
gear should extend a minimum of twelve inches past both sides of the chock.
Tie the boat so that you can adjust the mooring lines from the dock. If the water level rises and the boat is bouncing about, you will not be able to get aboard to slack the lines so it can rise with the storm tide.
Remove all canvas covers and loose items on deck and put them ashore or below deck. Take off bimini tops, sails, flags, boat hooks, outboard motors, barbeques, deck chairs and similar items and stow them.
Put a bung in the engine exhaust.
Shut off the propane supply line and ensure the tank cannot shift around.
Secure loose batteries in their boxes so they cannot shift.
Ensure boat batteries are fully charged.
Ensure there are at least two large flashlights (torches) with fresh (current) batteries aboard.
If possible, have a portable generator available with plenty of gas to keep your ship's batteries charged and maybe keep the beer cold.
Remove any loose items, such as lamps, appliances, electronics, publications and cases, from the surfaces in the cabin and stow in a locker or ashore.
You may be annoyed at having to care for someone else's boat, but you are protecting your property by making the extra effort. Better safe than sorry.
Always act and think as a prudent uninsured. This means; take care of your property as if you had no insurance. It should make you think twice about your preparations.