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Checkpoint Inhibitors
T-cell Transfer Therapy
Cancer Treatment Vaccines
Immune System Modulators
Find NCI-Supported Clinical Trials
Steps to Find a Clinical Trial
Help With Clinical Trials Search
Where Trials Take Place
Types of Clinical Trials
Phases of Clinical Trials
Use of Placebos
Research Team Members
Paying for Clinical Trials
Insurance Coverage and Clinical Trials
How to Work With Your Health Insurance Plan
Federal Government Programs
Children's Assent
Ending Trials Early
Deciding to Take Part in a Trial
Questions to Ask about Treatment Clinical Trials
Selected NCI-Supported Trials
Drugs Approved for Different Types of Cancer
Drugs Approved for Conditions Related to Cancer
Off-Label Drug Use
Access to Experimental Drugs
CAM for Patients
CAM for Health Professionals
Biological Therapies for Cancer
What is biological therapy?
What is the immune system?
Can the immune system attack cancer?
What types of biological therapy are used to treat cancer?
What are the side effects of biological therapies?
What is the ongoing research on cancer immunotherapy?
Where can I find information about clinical trials of immunotherapies?
Biological therapy involves the use of living organisms, substances derived from living organisms, or laboratory-produced versions of such substances to treat disease. Some biological therapies for cancer stimulate the body's immune system to act against cancer cells. These types of biological therapy, which are sometimes referred to collectively as "immunotherapy," do not target cancer cells directly. Other biological therapies, such as antibodies, do target cancer cells directly. Biological therapies that interfere with specific molecules involved in tumor growth and progression are also referred to as targeted therapies. (For more information, see Targeted Cancer Therapies.)
For patients with cancer, biological therapies may be used to treat the cancer itself or the side effects of other cancer treatments. Although many forms of biological therapy have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), others remain experimental and are available to cancer patients principally through participation in clinical trials (research studies involving people).
The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and the substances they make. It helps the body fight infections and other diseases.
White blood cells, or leukocytes, play the main role in immune responses. These cells carry out the many tasks required to protect the body against disease-causing microbes and abnormal cells.
Some types of leukocytes patrol the circulatory system, seeking foreign invaders, such as microbes and pathogens, and diseased, damaged, or dead cells. These white blood cells provide a general—or nonspecific—type of immune protection.
Other types of leukocytes, known as lymphocytes, provide targeted protection against specific threats, whether from a specific microbe or a diseased or abnormal cell. The most important groups of lymphocytes responsible for these specific immune responses are B cells and T cells.
B cells make antibodies, which are large, secreted proteins that bind to and help destroy foreign invaders or abnormal cells.
Killer T cells, which are also known as cytotoxic T cells, kill infected or abnormal cells by releasing toxic chemicals or by prompting the cells to self-destruct (in a process known as apoptosis).
Other types of lymphocytes and leukocytes play supporting roles to ensure that B cells and killer T cells do their jobs effectively. These supporting cells include helper T cells and dendritic cells, which help activate both B cells and killer T cells and enable them to respond to specific threats from a microbe or a diseased or abnormal cell.
Antigens are substances on the body's own cells and on microbes that can be recognized by the immune system. Normal cells in the body have antigens that identify them as "self." Self antigens tell the immune system that normal cells are not a threat and should be ignored. In contrast, microbes are recognized by the immune system as a potential threat that should be destroyed because they carry foreign, or non-self, antigens. Cancer cells also often contain antigens, called tumor antigens, that are not present (or are present at lower levels) on normal cells.
The natural ability of the immune system to detect and destroy abnormal cells likely prevents or suppresses the development of many cancers. Immune cells are sometimes found in and around tumors. These cells, called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes or TILs, are an indication that the immune system is responding to the tumor. The presence of TILs in a patient's tumor is often associated with a better outcome in the patient.
However, cancer cells have various ways to evade detection and destruction by the immune system. For example, cancer cells can:
Undergo genetic changes that cause them to reduce the expression of tumor antigens on their surface, making them less "visible" to the immune system
Have proteins on their surface that inactivate immune cells
Induce normal cells around the tumor (i.e, in the tumor microenvironment) to release substances that suppress immune responses and that promote tumor cell proliferation and survival.
Immunotherapy uses various approaches to strengthen the immune system and/or help it surmount the cancer's defenses against the immune system. The goal is to improve the ability of the immune system to detect and destroy cancer.
Several types of biological therapies, especially immunotherapies, are being used or developed for cancer treatment. These therapies fight cancer in different ways.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
How they work: This type of immunotherapy releases a "brake" on the immune system that normally prevents overly strong immune responses that might damage normal cells as well as abnormal cells. This brake involves proteins on the surface of T cells called immune checkpoint proteins. When immune checkpoint proteins recognize specific partner proteins on other cells, an "off" signal is sent that tells the T cell not to mount an immune response against those cells.
Two widely studied immune checkpoint proteins are PD-1 and CTLA-4. Some tumor cells express high levels of the PD-1 partner protein PD-L1, which causes T cells to shut down and helps the cancer cells evade immune destruction. Similarly, interactions between B7 proteins on antigen-presenting cells and CTLA-4 that is expressed on T cells prevents T cells from killing other cells, including cancer cells.
Drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors (or immune checkpoint modulators) prevent the interaction between immune checkpoint proteins and their partner proteins, enabling a strong immune response. The targets of current checkpoint inhibitors include PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4.
How they are used: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are approved to treat a variety of cancer types, including skin cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, liver cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, renal cell cancer (a type of kidney cancer), and stomach cancer. One immune checkpoint inhibitor, pembrolizumab (Keytruda®), is used to treat any solid tumor that is microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair deficient and has spread or cannot be removed by surgery. Another immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab (Opdivo®), is used to treat mismatch repair deficient and microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer that has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan hydrochloride.
Immune Cell Therapy (also called Adoptive Cell Therapy or Adoptive Immunotherapy)
How it works: This approach makes a patient's own immune cells better able to attack tumors. There are two general approaches to adoptive cellular therapy for cancer treatment. Both involve collecting a patient's own immune cells, growing large numbers of these cells in the laboratory, and then infusing the cells back into the patient.
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (or TILs). This approach uses T cells that are naturally found in a patient's tumor, called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). TILs that best recognize the patient's tumor cells in laboratory tests are selected, and these cells are grown to large numbers in the laboratory. The cells are then activated by treatment with immune system signaling proteins called cytokines and infused into the patient's bloodstream.
The idea behind this approach is that the TILs have already shown the ability to target tumor cells, but there may not be enough of them in the tumor microenvironment to kill the tumor or to overcome the immune suppressive signals that the tumor is releasing. Introducing massive amounts of activated TILs can help to overcome these barriers.
CAR T-cell therapy. This approach is similar, but the patient's T cells are genetically modified in the laboratory to express a protein known as a chimeric antigen receptor, or CAR, before they are grown and infused into the patient. CARs are modified forms of a protein called a T-cell receptor, which is expressed on the surface of T cells. The CARs are designed to allow the T cells to attach to specific proteins on the surface of the patient's cancer cells, improving their ability to attack the cancer cells.
Before receiving the expanded T cells, patients also undergo a procedure called lymphodepletion, which consists of a round of chemotherapy and, in some cases, whole-body radiation. The lymphodepletion gets rid of other immune cells that can impede the effectiveness of the incoming T cells.
How it is used: Adoptive T-cell transfer was first studied for the treatment of metastatic melanoma because melanomas often cause a substantial immune response, with many TILs. The use of activated TILs has been effective for some patients with melanoma and has produced encouraging positive findings in other cancers (e.g., cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma).
Two CAR T-cell therapies have been approved. Tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah™) is approved for treatment of some adults and children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia that is not responding to other treatments and for treatment of adults with certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma who have not responded to or who have relapsed after at least two other kinds of treatment. In clinical trials, many patients' cancers have disappeared entirely, and several of these patients have remained cancer free for extended periods. Axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta™) is approved for patients with certain types of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma who have not responded to or who have relapsed after at least two other kinds of treatment. Both therapies involve the modification of a patient's own immune cells.
Therapeutic Antibodies
How they work: Therapeutic antibodies are antibodies made in the laboratory that are designed to destroy cancer cells. They are a type of targeted cancer therapy—drugs that are designed specifically to interact with and block a specific molecule (or "molecular target") that is necessary for cancer cell growth. More information about targeted therapy is available in NCI's Targeted Cancer Therapies fact sheet.
Therapeutic antibodies work in many different ways:
They may both interfere with a key signaling process that promotes the growth of the cancer and alert the immune system to destroy cancer cells to which the antibody is attached. Trastuzumab (Herceptin), which binds to a protein on some cancer cells called HER2, is an example.
Their binding to the target protein may directly cause cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. Examples of this type of therapeutic antibody are rituximab (Rituxan®) and ofatumumab (Arzerra®), both of which target a protein on the surface of B lymphocytes called CD20. Similarly, alemtuzumab (Campath®), binds a protein on the surface of mature lymphocytes called CD52.
They may be linked to a toxic substance that kills cancer cells to which the antibody binds. The toxic substance can be a poison, such as a bacterial toxin; a small-molecule drug; a light-sensitive chemical (used in photoimmunotherapy); or a radioactive compound (used in radioimmunotherapy). Antibodies of this type are sometimes called antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs). Examples of ADCs used for cancer include ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®), which is taken up by and kills cancer cells that express HER2 on their surface, and brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®), which is taken up by and kills lymphoma cells that express CD30 on their surface.
They may bring activated T cells into close proximity to cancer cells. For example, the therapeutic antibody blinatumomab (Blincyto®) binds to both CD19, a tumor-associated antigen that is overexpressed on the surface of leukemia cells, and CD3, a glycoprotein on the surface of T cells that is part of the T-cell receptor. Blinatumomab brings leukemia cells into contact with T cells, resulting in T-cell activation and a killer T-cell response against CD19-expressing leukemia cells.
Other immunotherapies combine other (non-antibody) immune system molecules and cancer-killing agents. For example, denileukin diftitox (ONTAK®) consists of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) attached to a toxin produced by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheria, which causes diphtheria. Denileukin diftitox uses its IL-2 portion to target cancer cells that have IL-2 receptors on their surface, allowing the diphtheria toxin to kill them.
How they are used: Many therapeutic antibodies have been approved to treat a wide variety of cancers.
How they work: Cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat cancers that have already developed by strengthening the body's natural defenses against the cancer. They are intended to delay or stop cancer cell growth; to cause tumor shrinkage; to prevent cancer from coming back; or to eliminate cancer cells that have not been killed by other forms of treatment.
The idea behind cancer treatment vaccines is that introducing one or more cancer antigens into the body will cause an immune response that ultimately kills the cancer cells.
Cancer treatment vaccines may be made from a patient's own tumor cells (that is, they are customized so that they mount an immune response against features that are unique to a specific patient's tumor), or they may be made from substances (antigens) that are produced by certain types of tumors (that is, they mount an immune response in any patient whose tumor produces the antigen).
The first FDA-approved cancer treatment vaccine, sipuleucel-T (Provenge®), is customized to each patient. It was designed to stimulate an immune response to prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), an antigen that is found on most prostate cancer cells. The vaccine is created by isolating immune system cells called dendritic cells, which are a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC), from a patient's blood. These cells are sent to the vaccine manufacturer, where they are cultured in the laboratory together with a protein called PAP-GM-CSF. This protein consists of PAP linked to a protein called granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which stimulates the immune system and enhances antigen presentation.
Antigen-presenting cells cultured with PAP-GM-CSF are the active component of sipuleucel-T. These cells are infused into the patient. Although the precise mechanism of action of sipuleucel-T is not known, it appears that the antigen-presenting cells that have taken up PAP-GM-CSF stimulate T cells of the immune system to kill tumor cells that express PAP.
The first FDA-approved oncolytic virus therapy, talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC, or Imlygic®), is also considered a type of vaccine. It is based on herpes simplex virus type 1 and includes a gene that codes for GM-CSF. Although this oncolytic virus can infect both cancer and normal cells, normal cells have mechanisms to kill the virus whereas cancer cells do not. T-VEC is injected directly into a tumor. As the virus replicates, it causes cancer cells to burst and die. The dying cells release new viruses, GM-CSF, and a variety of tumor-specific antigens that can stimulate an immune response against cancer cells throughout the body.
How they are used: Sipuleucel-T is used to treat prostate cancer that has metastasized in men who have few or no symptoms and whose cancer is hormone refractory (does not respond to hormone treatment). T-VEC is used to treat some patients with metastatic melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery.
Immune-Modulating Agents
How they work: Immune-modulating agents enhance the body's immune response against cancer. These agents include proteins that normally help regulate, or modulate, immune system activity; microbes; and drugs.
Cytokines. These signaling proteins are naturally produced by white blood cells. They help mediate and fine-tune immune responses, inflammation, and hematopoiesis (new blood cell formation). Two types of cytokines are used to treat patients with cancer: interferons (INFs) and interleukins (ILs). A third type, called hematopoietic growth factors, is used to counteract some of the side effects of certain chemotherapy regimens.
Researchers have found that one type of INF, INF-alfa, can enhance a patient's immune response to cancer cells by activating certain white blood cells, such as natural killer cells and dendritic cells (1). INF-alfa may also inhibit the growth of cancer cells or promote their death (2, 3).
Researchers have identified more than a dozen ILs, including IL-2, which is also called T-cell growth factor. IL-2 is naturally produced by activated T cells. It increases the proliferation of white blood cells, including killer T cells and natural killer cells, leading to an enhanced anticancer immune response (4). IL-2 also facilitates the production of antibodies by B cells to further target cancer cells.
Hematopoietic growth factors are a special class of naturally occurring cytokines. They promote the growth of various blood cell populations that are depleted by chemotherapy. Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell formation, and IL-11 increases platelet production. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) both increase the number of white blood cells, reducing the risk of infections.
G-CSF and GM-CSF can also enhance the immune system's specific anticancer responses by increasing the number of cancer-fighting T cells.
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). This weakened form of a live tuberculosis bacterium does not cause disease in humans. It was first used medically as a vaccine against tuberculosis. When inserted directly into the bladder with a catheter, BCG stimulates a general immune response that is directed not only against the foreign bacterium itself but also against bladder cancer cells. The exact mechanism this anticancer effect is not well understood, but the treatment is effective.
Immunomodulatory drugs (also called biological response modifiers). These drugs are strong modulators of the body's immune system. They include thalidomide (Thalomid®); lenalidomide (Revlimid®) and pomalidomide (Pomalyst®), derivatives of thalidomide that have a similar structure and function; and imiquimod (Aldara®, Zyclara®).
It is not entirely clear how thalidomide and its two derivatives stimulate the immune system, but they promote the IL-2 secretion from cells and inhibit the ability of tumors to form new blood vessels to support their growth (a process called angiogenesis). Imiquimod is a cream that is applied to the skin. It causes cells to release cytokines, mainly INF-alpha, IL-6, and TNF-alpha (a molecule involved in inflammation).
How they are used: Most immune-modulating agents are used for treatment of advanced cancer. Some are used as part of a supportive care regimen. For example, recombinant and biosimilar forms of GM-CSF and G-CSF are used in combination with other immunotherapies to strengthen anticancer immune responses by stimulating the growth of white blood cells.
The side effects of biological therapies mainly reflect the stimulation of the immune system and can differ by the type of therapy and by how individual patients react to it.
Pain, swelling, soreness, redness, itchiness, and rash at the site of infusion or injection are fairly common with these treatments. They can also cause an array of flu-like symptoms, including fever, chills, weakness, dizziness, nausea or vomiting, muscle or joint aches, fatigue, headache, occasional breathing difficulties, and lowered or heightened blood pressure. Some immunotherapies that provoke an immune system response also pose a risk of severe or even fatal hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions.
Long-term side effects of immunotherapies (particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors) include autoimmune syndromes and acute-onset diabetes.
Potentially serious side effects of specific immunotherapies include:
Organ-damaging immune-mediated reactions involving the digestive system, liver, skin, nervous system, and heart and in the hormone-producing glands. These reactions can cause immune-mediated pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, nephritis and renal (kidney) dysfunction, myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), and hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
Immune Cell Therapy
Cytokine release syndrome (CAR T-cell therapy)
Capillary leak syndrome (TIL therapy)
Therapeutic Antibodies and Other Immune System Molecules
Cytokine release syndrome (blinatumomab)
Infusion reactions, capillary leak syndrome, and loss of visual acuity (denileukin diftitox)
Stroke (Sipuleucel-T)
Tumor lysis syndrome, herpes virus infection (T-VEC)
Flu-like symptoms, severe allergic reaction, lowered blood counts, changes in blood chemistry, organ damage (cytokines)
Flu-like symptoms, severe allergic reaction, urinary side effects (BCG)
Severe birth defects if taken during pregnancy, blood clots/venous embolism, neuropathy (thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide)
Skin reactions (imiquimod)
Researchers are focusing on several major areas to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy, including:
Approaches to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Researchers are testing combinations of multiple immune checkpoint inhibitors, as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with a wide range of other immunotherapies, molecularly targeted cancer therapies, and radiation therapy, as ways to overcome therapeutic resistance of tumors to immunotherapy (5, 6).
Identification of biomarkers that predict response to immunotherapy. Not everyone who receives immunotherapy will respond to the treatment. Identification of biomarkers that predict response is a major area of research (7, 8).
Identification of novel cancer-associated antigens—so-called neoantigens—that may be more effective in stimulating immune responses than the already known antigens (9, 10).
Noninvasive strategies to isolate neoantigen-expressing tumor-reactive immune cells (11).
Learning more about the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade or suppress anticancer immune responses. A better understanding of how cancer cells manipulate the immune system could lead to the development of drugs that block those processes.
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. This approach uses infrared light to activate the targeted destruction of cancer cells in the body (12–14).
Both FDA-approved and experimental immunotherapies for specific types of cancer are being studied in clinical trials. Descriptions of ongoing clinical trials that are testing types of immunotherapies in cancer patients can be accessed by searching NCI's list of cancer clinical trials on the NCI website. NCI's list of cancer clinical trials includes all NCI-supported clinical trials that are taking place across the United States and Canada, including the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, MD. For information about other ways to search the list, see Help Finding NCI-Supported Clinical Trials.
Alternatively, call NCI's Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237) for information about clinical trials of immunotherapies.
Sutlu T, Alici E. Natural killer cell-based immunotherapy in cancer: current insights and future prospects. Journal of Internal Medicine 2009; 266(2):154-181.
[PubMed Abstract]
Joshi S, Kaur S, Redig AJ, et al. Type I interferon (IFN)-dependent activation of Mnk1 and its role in the generation of growth inhibitory responses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U S A 2009; 106(29):12097-12102.
Jonasch E, Haluska FG. Interferon in oncological practice: review of interferon biology, clinical applications, and toxicities. The Oncologist 2001; 6(1):34-55.
Li Y, Liu S, Margolin K, et al. Summary of the primer on tumor immunology and the biological therapy of cancer. Journal of Translational Medicine 2009; 7:11.
Grimaldi AM, Marincola FM, Ascierto PA. Single versus combination immunotherapy drug treatment in melanoma. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 2016; 16(4):433-441.
Sharma P, Hu-Lieskovan S, Wargo JA, Ribas A. Primary, adaptive, and acquired resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Cell 2017; 168(4):707-723.
Wu X, Giobbie-Hurder A, Liao X, et al. Angiopoietin-2 as a biomarker and target for immune checkpoint therapy. Cancer Immunology Research 2017; 5(1):17-28.
Mouw KW, Goldberg MS, Konstantinopoulos PA, D'Andrea AD. DNA damage and repair biomarkers of immunotherapy response. Cancer Discovery 2017; 7(7): 675-693.
Duan F, Duitama J, Al Seesi S, et al. Genomic and bioinformatic profiling of mutational neoepitopes reveals new rules to predict anticancer immunogenicity. Journal of Experimental Medicine 2014; 211(11):2231-2248.
Kreiter S, Vormehr M, van de Roemer N, et al. Mutant MHC class II epitopes drive therapeutic immune responses to cancer. Nature 2015; 520(7549):692-696.
Gros A, Parkhurst MR, Tran E, et al. Prospective identification of neoantigen-specific lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of melanoma patients. Nature Medicine 2016; 22(4):433-438.
Nagaya T, Nakamura Y, Sato K, et al. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy with an anti-mesothelin antibody. Oncotarget 2016; 7(17):23361-23369.
Ogawa M, Tomita Y, Nakamura Y, et al. Immunogenic cancer cell death selectively induced by near infrared photoimmunotherapy initiates host tumor immunity. Oncotarget 2017; 8(6):10425-10436.
Railkar R, Krane LS, Li QQ, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted photoimmunotherapy (PIT) for the treatment of EGFR-expressing bladder cancer. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2017; 16(10):2201-2214.
NCI's Role in Immunotherapy Research
Reviewed: April 26, 2018
If you would like to reproduce some or all of this content, see Reuse of NCI Information for guidance about copyright and permissions. In the case of permitted digital reproduction, please credit the National Cancer Institute as the source and link to the original NCI product using the original product's title; e.g., "Biological Therapies for Cancer was originally published by the National Cancer Institute."


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Mississippi StateBulldogsMSST
MSST 0 0 0 0 0
LSU 14 20 7 10 51
13LSUTigersLSU
Mississippi State only manages 130 yards
BATON ROUGE, La. -- LSU showed its national championship
The running game got untracked with Alley Broussard rushing for
a career-high three touchdowns and the Tigers' defense held
Mississippi State to seven first downs and 130 yards in a 51-0
victory Saturday.
It was almost enough to make coach Nick Saban happy.
"We did this once, now are we going to be satisfied with that
or is this going to be the trademark of the team," Saban said.
"Can we go down the stretch and do it like we did last year, game
in and game out?"
No. 13 LSU rolled up 594 yards and led 34-0 at half, a week
after the offense sputtered badly in a 10-9 loss to Auburn.
The Tigers' defense looked like the dominating force that helped
win a share of the national championship last year. LSU (3-1, 1-1
Southeastern Conference) had four interceptions, recovered a
fumble, and scored a touchdown against Mississippi State.
On the way to the BCS title in 2003, LSU scored seven defensive
touchdowns while forcing 33 turnovers.
"Defensively we executed a lot better," LSU cornerback Travis
Daniels said. "I don't think we had as many mental breakdowns or
missed tackles. It doesn't matter what team you play. All that
matters is that you execute well."
The Bulldogs (1-3, 0-2), who are rebuilding under first-year
coach Sylvester Croom, have lost seven straight in Tiger Stadium
and 12 of 13 overall against LSU. This was the Tigers' biggest
margin of victory since 1969 when they beat Mississippi State 61-6.
"I told the players that I never dreamed that we would get
drummed like that," Croom said. "We had a good week of practice.
We thought we had good plans, but right now we don't execute very
well."
Broussard, who entered the game with 99 total yards and no
touchdowns, gained 73 yards on 13 carries. He ran for 11 and 1 yard
scores in the first quarter to put LSU up 14-0, and opened the
second quarter with a 16-yard TD.
"I just felt more relaxed out there," Broussard said. "It's a
big difference for me compared to last year because I can see the
whole field now. Everything seems slower out there for me this
season."
Defensive lineman Marcus Spears returned an interception 35
yards for a touchdown and Early Doucet had a 12-yard touchdown
catch from Marcus Randall, who started and went 7-for-7 for 103
yards.
"It was just executing basically," Spears said. "That's the
thing we've been lacking in the first three games, and we did a
better job of that."
In the second half, JaMarcus Russell scrambled for an 8-yard
touchdown that gave LSU a 41-0 lead.
Russell completed 9 of 12 for 137 yards and a touchdown.
"This game would give any confidence," Russell said.
Dwayne Bowe had six catches for 99 yards and Craig Davis had
five for 93 for LSU.
Saban started pulling his starters early in the third quarter
and put in red shirt freshman quarterback Matt Flynn for the final
series of the quarter. Flynn completed 2 of 3 for 87 yards and a
touchdown.
Mississippi State's Omarr Conner completed 4 of 12 for 44 yards,
was intercepted three times and sacked twice before leaving the
game less than two minutes into the second half with a bruised
right knee. Kyle York replaced him and went 4-for-14 for 46 yards.
"We were still trying to win the game," Croom said. "I was
going to let him play one more series because I wanted him to leave
the game with some confidence."
Croom said he would not know how bad Conner's injury was until
Sunday. He expected Conner to miss one game, possibly more.
2021 Southeastern Conference Standings
Georgia 8-0 14-1
Kentucky 5-3 10-3
Tennessee 4-4 7-6
Missouri 3-5 6-7
South Carolina 3-5 7-6
Florida 2-6 6-7
Vanderbilt 0-8 2-10
Alabama 7-1 13-2
Ole Miss 6-2 10-3
Arkansas 4-4 9-4
Mississippi State 4-4 7-6
Texas A&M 4-4 8-4
Auburn 3-5 6-7
LSU 3-5 6-7

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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All posts tagged "dusty hill"
ZZ Top plays first concert after Dusty Hill's death
ZZ Top played at the Tuscaloosa Amphitheater their first concert after the death of the bassist...
ZZ Top singer and guitarist Billy Gibbons talks about Dusty Hill's death
ZZ Top singer and guitarist Billy Gibbons talked in an interview with Variety about the death...
Rock Stars react to Dusty Hill's (ZZ Top bassist) death
The legendary ZZ Top bassist Dusty Hill died at the age of 72 in his sleep...
ZZ Top bassist Dusty Hill dies at the age of 72


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Articles & Videos: Home / Video: 2018 Samsung QLED 4K Ultra HD TVs
Video: 2018 Samsung QLED 4K Ultra HD TVs
Quantum dots yield brilliant colors
by Crutchfield's Video Team
Most of the people appearing in our videos are employees at Crutchfield. We pull in folks from around the company to share their expertise. A lot of our on-camera stars come from our Advisor Group — they help people choose the right gear via phone, email and chat every day, so they're good at explaining the products and technologies.
JR and Steve discuss the 2018 line of Samsung QLED TVs in this video. These 4K TVs keep getting better every year, and our experts explain Quantum dot technology, differences in backlighting, and other features found in these TVs.
Hide the transcript
Hey I'm JR, I'm the training manager here at Crutchfield. Today we're in the video studio with Steve Kindig, our local TV guru.
Hey, folks.
And Samsung's 2018 line of QLED 4K TVs. Now Q is not "O,"right, OLED TVs that's a whole 'nother thing, right? Samsung's doing QLED. What's that all about?
QLED stands for "quantum dot enhanced LED backlight" so there's millions of dots in the TV, probably billions.
Billions, yeah. So what do they do?
Quantum dots are tiny. I mean they're unimaginably tiny, they're like maybe 10 atoms across or something like that, so there are billions of these quantum dots. There are nanocrystals, and they're in a film layer that goes across the entire screen, and what they do is help improve the color performance of the TV. So what you have on a QLED TV is the backlight, instead of being white, is blue. And the quantum dots are red and green, so that gives you your blue, red, and green for all your basic colors. And so they give you just really vivid colors, which is what you need for 4K and HDR.
So there's a difference in the backlighting on some of these models, right, when you spend a little bit more you get a better backlight. Tell me about that.
Right, so they're all LED backlights, but the 6 and the 7 are edge-lit, so all the LEDs are at the bottom of the screen and they shine upward kind of in slices.
And then when you go to the 8 and the 9, that's when you get the full array, right? More bulbs in there?
Yep, all behind the LCDs arranged kind of like a grid so you get much more precise backlighting, and in fact when you go to the top of the line model, the 9 series, that has almost 500 independently adjustable LEDs, so that is super precise. That's really good local dimming.
All of the 2018 Samsung 4K TVs are gonna look obviously great when you play a 4K source like a 4K blu-ray player or 4K streaming, but they're also going to look good when you're not able to play something in 4K, right? Like maybe you're watching something over the air from an antenna or a cable channel that's not in 4K, your old DVDs collection, yet you still have laying around that you haven't replaced with a bunch of new Blu-rays?
Yeah, this is going to make those look pretty darn good as well. Blu-ray in particular. I mean, HD stuff looks fantastic on these sets, but yeah like you said any source these sets have very powerful upscaling circuitry and yet they just they do a fantastic job. One little feature that I like about these they do have Bluetooth output, so if you wanted to hook up, say, a sound bar you wouldn't have to run a wire from the TV to the sound bar to get a sound to play on the sound bar, you can do it using Bluetooth.
But another thing you can do with Bluetooth is send the sound from the TV to a set of Bluetooth headphones, right? we actually have a lot of customers looking for this feature. Maybe someone in the household is hard-of-hearing and might want to be able to, you know, pump up the volume a little bit by using some in-ear Bluetooth headphones?
Right, on some TVs when you use the Bluetooth output it disables the speaker's on the TV, correct.
That doesn't happen here, you can actually have the TV speakers live playing sound while someone is listening on Bluetooth speakers, so the whole family can still listen to what's on TV and that one person who may need a little bit more volume can get it with somebody's headphones.
Yeah that's a great feature. It's really smart that they've that they've allowed it to do both at the same time.
So far everything we've talked about is pretty universal across the line. There are some differences though, right, in the TVs?
So when you go from the 6 up to the 7 what do you get? From the model 7 on up you get a much more effective anti-glare screen, so if you have kind of a bright room you know with a lot of lights either windows or lights in the room that anti-glare screen makes a big difference. It causes a picture to wash out much less.
Which series of these TVs come with the one connect box?
So that's going to be the 7 and the 9. So on this model and the 8 you know, you plug all your sources like your blu-ray player cable box you plug them directly into the TV. On the seven and the nine they come with something called the one connect box, and it's a little box about this big it's kind of small and you plug all of your sources into it and then you just have one super thin cable running from that box to the TV.
So especially if you're gonna be wall mounting the TV.
Yeah I mean that is the cleanest way to, and that cable really is thin enough that it almost just disappears, right, run it up your wall you might even be able to cover it or paint it, yeah.
Yeah so the one connect box definitely simplifies how everything hooks up and how you get power and TV that's that's right your TV yeah because that that super thin cable carries both power and signals from the box yeah.
You literally have one thin wire going to your TV and the remote control on this TV is also a very simplified remote with a microphone on it yep so a control of the TV is as easy as ever right there's only a couple of buttons on it and like you say the key is the microphone because that gives you control over things like changing channels and picture controls but also I mean you can even ask you know what's the weather like there's a yeah a voice assistant called Bixby that's built-in.
So that's a pretty good overview of the 2018 line of samsung QLED TVs. We've been impressed with them as we've seen them here in the studio and in our labs. If you have any questions about these TVs or anything at Crutchfield, please give us a call, chat with us online, send us an email advisors are standing by to help you get the right TV for you.
What do you need for 4K TV?
HDCP 2.2 copy protection and 4K Ultra HD TV
TV sizes and viewing distance


Today I am going share with you 5 Reasons You Should Join "Beat The Heat" Coway Run 2018!Yes, COWAY Run 2018 makes its second-year comeback to be held on 7 October 2018 at MAEPS, Serdang, where once again the race towards a healthy and pure lifestyle is placed on the pedestal with a 'cool' theme and a charity element!
Running quickly and easily produces sweat, which has an impressive list of health benefits on its own.
Sweating has been proven to help clear skin, detoxify the body, and prevent colds and flu.
Running 5KM burns between 400-700 calories per hour, depending on your speed.
it will take you a little over an hour to burn that off.
Promotes feelings of empowerment and personal achievement.
(which could even give you the courage to achieve higher life goals).
Improves your mood, by releasing endorphins.
Ever notice how some people are just happy?
Running can help improve your mood by those endorphins are released your spirits tend to rise.
you will receive an extra boost of positivity from giving to the charity and supporting growth in your community.
(When you join the Coway Run, you take part in something bigger than a race.
For every participant, a portion of the entry fee (RM10) goes to the Happy Water project. It is Coway's aim to establish a more nurturing society throughout Malaysia.)There are more reasons to join COWAY RUN 2018 actually!
They Have 10KM Category, KIDS OBSTACLE RUN!
Remember to Train YourSelf Better to be in 10KM Run Top5 win Great Prizes!
Mr Kyle Choi Ki Ryong, Managing Director of Coway Malaysia; Mr James Park, Guest of Honour & Director of Global Business Division, Coway Korea HQ; and Mr Ryan Jung Tae Seung Marketing Director of Coway Malaysia.
COWAY Run 2018 will include distances of 10KM and 5KM for both men and women for the following categories: Open (for ages 16 and above), International (for ages 16 and above), and Veteran (for ages 40 and above).
See You On 7 Oct 2018 !


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Home Campus Excellence Southville's Gwyneth Tangog is first Filipino to pass Japan's SUKEN Pre-college Math...
Southville's Gwyneth Tangog is first Filipino to pass Japan's SUKEN Pre-college Math certification
Ronarose Mae Vicencio
Southville International School and Colleges' 10th grade Filipino student, Gwyneth Tangog. Photo from Southville.
Southville International School and Colleges' 10th-grade student, Gwyneth Margaux "Gwyn" G. Tangog, became the first Filipino student to pass the Pre-College level (Kyu) examination of the Sugaku Kentei (SUKEN) World Mathematics Certification Program.
The 16-year-old Tangog obtained the first passing mark since the Philippines joined the Suken program.
Tangog obtained the certification through the Asian Psychological Services and Assessment (APSA) where Gwyn is a consistent topnotcher of the Standards-Based Assessment (SBA).
Gwyneth had math training sessions from Southville, took advanced classes in Southville's International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP) Higher Math, and had external training sessions from the Mathematics Trainers Guild (MTG) that paved the way to enable and help her learn about advanced topics like vectors and calculus.
The Pre-college (Kyu) level examination covers Quadratic Functions, Trigonometry, Vectors, Basic Calculus, Matrices, Probability, and many more. The examination has two parts which Tangog passed, calculation and application.
Tangog passed six out of the seven levels: Level 5 – 7th Grade Math, Level 4 – 8th Grade Math, Level 3 – 9th Grade Math, Level Pre 2 – 10th Grade Math, and Level 2 – 11th Grade Math and finally, the Pre – 1st Kyu (College Level) that she obtained which is equivalent to the 12th-grade Certification.
In an interview with APSA quoted by Southville in a report sent to Good News Pilipinas, Tangog expressed that although it wasn't a competition and not her highest achievement, the SUKEN opened an opportunity for her to know her skills level in international mathematics.
"I would like to encourage students and professionals to take the SUKEN World Mathematics Certification Program for them to gauge how they fare with the standards of Japan, a country which is respected in the Mathematics field. It's a humbling experience to match our Mathematics standards with theirs. It's an honor to be able to bring the Philippines another step higher in terms of SUKEN," said multi-medalist Mathlete, Gwyneth Tangog.
The SUKEN World Mathematics Certification was established in Japan in July 1988 and is open to both students and professionals of any age worldwide.
Several Filipino Mathletes have represented the Philippines and won numerous medals and wars and were hailed in international countries.
This 8-year-old Math Whiz from Los Banos won 2 golds and a trophy from the 2019 Singapore Math Global Team Competition held in Vietnam.
These kids took home gold and silver medals in the South African Mathematics Competition
These Filipino Mathletes wowed the whole country when they won a total of 269 awards at the 15th International Mathematics Contest (IMC) in Singapore.
Philippine students won 6 medals at the International Math Olympiad in the United Kingdom.
SEND congratulations to Southville's Gwyneth Tangog for marking this milestone in her academics performance!
Gwyneth Tangog
pre-college Math certification
Suken
Previous articleFilipino-made ready-to-eat Chicken Arroz Caldo addresses needs of disaster victims
Next articlePhilippines, Japan, and UK collaborate for climate change-resistant coastal communities
Rona Mae Vicencio is a co-manager, head writer, and producer of the Music and Entertainment Department of DLSU-D's 95.9 Green FM. Rona is a freelance writer who believes in the power and influence of journalism. She uses her voice and pen for those who aren't heard or can't express themselves.
FAMAS awardee Benildean short film "Balai" competes in Melbourne, Nepal
UST stamped with ASEAN Quality Seal, only 2nd in PHL and 8th in world
Ateneo's Jimbo Bernardo wins Gold, qualifies for finals of Thailand International Mathematical Olympiad in April 2020
Unified Grand Central Station for rail trains in Metro Manila nears...
UP Los Banos develops seaweed drying technology for faster quality harvest


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MainAll NewsUS & CanadaMontreal Mayor promises to rename 'Nazi' sites
Montreal Mayor promises to rename 'Nazi' sites
Montreal Mayor Denis Coderre promised that public places named for a French Nazi sympathizer, will be changed soon.
Shoshana Miskin, 25/04/16 11:21
Montreal Mayor Denis Coderre pledges to rename a street and a park that honor a Nazi sympathizer who won the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1912.
Alexis Carrel, a pioneering research scientist, surgeon and biologist from France faced criticism toward the end of his life over his involvement with the Nazis. He died in 1944.
Mayor Coderre announced the decision of his executive committee after Quebec legislator David Birnbaum called on the province's municipalities to remove street signs or other spaces bearing Carrel's name before Holocaust Memorial Day on May 4.
Birnbaum says Carrel was "a proponent of eugenics and a supporter of the collaborationist Vichy regime in wartime France."
Quebec's Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs has also pushed for Carrel's name to be removed from public spaces in the province.
Two other Quebec municipalities, Châteauguay and Boisbriand, have streets named for Carrel.
Tags:Nazi, Canada, Montreal, Quebec


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Courtney Love Dresses Up As Donald Duck, Strips Down At Benefit Show
Love sings Elton John's 'Bitch Is Back' at show to raise funds for London's Old Vic Theatre.
archive-Jon-Wiederhorn 02/07/2003
Courtney Love, who made headlines on Tuesday for being arrested after causing a disturbance on a flight from Los Angeles to England, became a rock-and-roll cartoon again the following night — literally.
The former leader of Hole ended a star-studded benefit performance to raise funds for London's historic Old Vic Theatre by coming onstage dressed as Donald Duck, then stripping down to fishnets and underwear while she sang Elton John's "Bitch Is Back" with John on piano. Elton was known to rock a similar duck suit when performing back in the '70s.
The show was organized by actor Kevin Spacey, who has taken over as artistic director of the theater.
During the evening, Love also belted out "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me," Sting sang "Come Down in Time," Elvis Costello performed "Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word," Sinead O'Connor sang "Sacrifice" and Craig David crooned "Candle in the Wind."
Spacey performed "Harmony" alone, and later he dressed like Elton, sprawled across a piano and sang "Someone Saved My Life Tonight" surrounded by a gospel choir. Partway through the song, the choir parted, revealing the real Elton at the piano.
Among those attending the event were actors Peter O'Toole and Joseph Fiennes, and Virgin Air founder Richard Branson, on whose airline Love had her troubles (see "Courtney Love Arrested For Disorderly Conduct Aboard London Flight").
When Love and Branson met at a party in connection with the benefit, both seemed polite and smiley with one another, a publicist for the event said.


Spoke too soon, ILM cancelled the ALADDIN interview, the guy is going to respond to my questions via email instead.
I think the Genie looks quite good. Is he completely CGI or just his body? Social media is whining about it enough, which would suggest he is all CG, but the same basement dwellers bitched about CGI that turned out to be practical.
My guess is that it's more-or-less Will Smith's real face composited onto a digital body. Maybe it's a digital scan of Will's face at most? I could be totally wrong. Honestly, the methods are blending so much that you can't even confidently say "THAT is practical and THIS is digital" these days. Unless you're an armchair expert on the internet who's watched some movies - then you have the knowledge and expertise to judge.
But yeah, I get a good chuckle out of all of the people who suddenly feel like their childhood is ruined or that Robin Williams is being disrespected. The memes are flooding forth and, as usual, people are complaining about the CGI (I even saw one that grouped together Will Smith Genie, Justice League's awful moustache removal on Superman, the digital Dwayne Johnson from The Scorpion King and the 2003 Hulk as "The Four Horsemen of the CGIpocalypse").
Whether or not this movie will be good or look good remains to be seen, but the overreactions about remaking a classic are eye-rolling.
I don't have a problem with Smith's Genie in this trailer. He looks goofy enough and that's sort of what they should be doing with this. I mean, this is not supposed to be a dead serious film.
Last edited by ShaneP on Tue Feb 12, 2019 11:42 pm, edited 1 time in total.
I'm not certain which route they are taking for The Irishman. I would suspect they are going the full CG character route ala Rogue One and all their other films. To my knowledge, they have yet to do a de-aging technique with live action footage of actors ala LOLA for the Marvel films. ILM seems to enjoy the challenge of a full 3D effect rather than a 2D like LOLA uses.
If Will Smith raps in it, it'll have a chance of being better than the animated version.
Jafar, on the other hand, sounds less like an intimidating overlord and more like a weaselly Internet troll. They should've gotten someone like Hugo Weaving to play him.
Well I think it looks great. Seriously. It actually makes me more confident in The Irishman.
I agree Aslan, looks good to me! But is it cgi or actually Will Smith but blue?
That's the real question isn't it? It seems most things are cg nowadays.
aslan: "That's the real question isn't it? It seems most things are cg nowadays."
True. Will Smith's acting is even CG.
What is going on with Chaos Walking? Film finished shooting well over a year ago yet isn't even set for release until sometime in 2020.
The film needs major reshoots apparently, and the cast members aren't available until later this year.
Ah ok. I wondered what was up since we hadn't heard anything for months about it. Hopefully they get it all together and we see it next year.
Very impressed. The blu genie looks great . Also the various animals look extremely convincing.
Jafar sounds like his balls didn't drop yet. Couldn't Skywalker Sound have helped him out there?
I'm glad to see Will Smith return to rapping, and he certainly seems to be very much the Will Smith of the '90s.
Marvel: Gaze upon the dramatic despair and gripping anguish as Tony drifts aimlessly through space, with no suit, dwindling supplies and no hope for rescue. What fates belies our beloved hero?
Also Marvel: JK, he got some new digs and is back in the base with the gang. It's all good.
The only thing that piqued my interest was seeing the new War Machine armor. So thicc that he's gotta' walk through doors sideways.
Tony Stark is prominently featured on the poster...it can't be that bad for him.
Top-billed, face front-and-centre on the poster, so why bother acting like something serious might legitimately happen to him by being lost in space?
If Marvel actually has the cajones to do something relevant fate-wise with Tony, I will applaud from the top of the highest mountain. But as it stands? Empty threats for his fate.
CAPTAIN MARVEL was probably one of the weakest MCU movies, and the weakest first part. I thought IRON MAN 2, THOR: THE DARK WORLD, and THE INCREDIBLE HULK were weaker, but man, this one was bland and kind of manipulative, but not because of any blatant feminism, rather because of a seriously gimmicky '90s setting. I did not buy that this was taking place in the '90s, rather I thought it was just a modern movie peppering in '90s references to exploit nostalgia.
I enjoyed that it had a simpler plot reminiscent of superhero movies of the early 2000s, and I really enjoyed Ben Mendelsohn's character and the way the film played with your expectations about him. Mendelsohn, in fact, delivers a layered performance and proves his versatility, but everything else was so forgettable.
Brie Larson was a very bland lead, and I thought it could've improved with someone like Rhonda Rousey filling her shoes. Rousey seems the type who could inject one-liners like Arnold Schwarzenegger, and if this movie was trying to recapture '90s nostalgia, then action movie one-liners are a must.
Not sure what ILM did on this one, but they were listed first in the credits and seemed to have the largest crew. Maybe Framestore had an equal-sized crew. But one thing for certain, Marvel dropped the ball with this one...and DC is starting to pick up more points. I'm actually really looking forward to SHAZAM.


Black Rod End Caps.These are spare end caps for tournament soccer tables.
Bolt and Screw Set - Normal Hole.This bolt en amp; screw set is used to attach the socce..
Black Rubber Bumper.This is a spare rubber bumper for our range of soccer tables.
Plastic stopring met schroef, voor voetbaltafels met 16 mm stangen.


Cathy Roach Grimm, 56, of Amarillo died Sunday, Oct. 21, 2012.
Services for family and friends will be from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. today at her sons' home, 915 S. Austin St., in Amarillo. Arrangements are by Rector Funeral Home Osage Chapel, 2800 S. Osage St.
Ms. Grimm was born Oct. 17, 1956, in Ottawa, Ill. She moved to Amarillo in 1979 from Cleburne. She left Amarillo in 1998 and lived in several places before returning to Amarillo in 2007.
Ms. Grimm was a loving mother, grandmother, sister and daughter. She worked as a news director at KAMR Channel 4 for several years. She will be dearly missed by her family and friends.
Survivors include two sons, Travis Gilley and Jonathan Traylor, both of Amarillo; a daughter, Caitie Grimm of Amarillo; two brothers, Dennis Roach of Cleburne and Bill Roach of Weatherford; a sister, Debra Martin of Cleburne; her mother, Shirley Roach of Cleburne; and five precious grandchildren.


The ESIP Semantic Web cluster is approaching 10 years old and is one of the oldest clusters within ESIP. During this decade of existence the tide has shifted to federal agencies such as NASA, DOE, and NSF CISE fully embracing semantic technologies. The amount of Linked Data is increasing at a staggering rate. There are new improvements for dataset descriptions (e.g. time and space) within commercial efforts such as schema.org. Semantic Web Technologies are now a mainstay in the geoscience information and data management community.
The time has come to move beyond prototypes and proofs of concept. To this end, the Semantic Web Cluster is developing a Strategic Vision and Road Map for the next 3 to 5 years. We aim to create a living document that will synthesize existing semantic efforts and guide future research and development. We want to coalesce our broad knowledge base and develop towards a common long term cyberinfrastructure. We would like to continue the tradition of the geosciences being an early adopter and feedback loop for the broader Semantic Web community.
Global Change Information System - from the GCIS website "The GCIS is an open-source, web-based resource for traceable, sound global change data, information, and products. Designed for use by scientists, decision makers, and the public, the GCIS provides coordinated links to a select group of information products produced, maintained, and disseminated by government agencies and organizations. As well as guiding users to global change research products selected by the 13 member agencies, the GCIS serves as a key access point to assessments, reports, and tools produced by the USGCRP. The GCIS is managed, integrated, and curated by USGCRP."
MMI's Ontology Registry and Repository - The Marine Metadata Interoperability project built and maintains this earth science ontology repository for the use of the marine and earth science communities.
GeoLink - The GeoLink project brings together experts from the geosciences, computer science, and library science in an effort to develop Semantic Web components that support discovery and reuse of data and knowledge. GeoLink's participating repositories include content from field expeditions, laboratory analyses, journal publications, conference presentations, theses/reports, and funding awards that span scientific studies from marine geology to marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry to paleoclimatology.
BCube - The BCube project is focused on demonstrating that brokering technologies can facilitate interoperability. As a part of this project, a web-scale crawler has been developed that finds and characterizes data and web service descriptions found on the web. Having scanned more than a million documents so far, a triple store containing these contents is being populated and will be available publicly.
Linked Science Cloud or Linked Earth Science Cloud?
The amount of Linked Data is increasing at a staggering rate. Yet, while there exists a handful of science datasets in the Linked Data Cloud, the potential for continuing to publish and interlink geoscience datasets is immense. To this end, the Cluster will coordinate the creation of the Linked Science Cloud.
The recent W3C PROV-O recommendation has provided an accessible solution for including provenance in semantic information systems. Moreover, the Cluster recognizes that provenance is becoming essential to many geoscience applications. To this end, semantic provenance should be an essential component of our semantic systems. The Cluster will take semantic provenance as a high priority when evaluating and planning future projects.
How do we measure uptake and usage of ontologies in the portal?
What are reasonable metrics and goals in this area?
The Cluster will adopt some form of the [ http://www.obofoundry.org/crit.shtml The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies] principals for ontology governance. Specifically how this is to be accomplished is still open for debate?
At present, there is a known challenge in transitioning from prototype applications to production quality cyberinfrastructure. There is often difficulty in identifying long term hosting and maintenance for our Semantic Web projects. To be fair, this is a common issue among most grant funded information technology projects. The Semantic Web Cluster, and ESIP in general, are committed to identifying new and promising solutions. We are continually working with [ Products_and_Services | ESIP Products and Services ] to explore possibilities.
We have also identified a need to encourage real-time sharing of progress from Testbed projects with the broader ESIP community. The Semantic Web Cluster is exploring the use of Semantic Technologies in this area and will serve as a willing test bed for further development.
Are we following all of the OBO Foundry principals? If no, then which subset will the Cluster abide by?
Being a visual person, I think it would be a good idea to have a diagram of the different areas the cluster is exploring. Perhaps a network diagram with areas as nodes and relationships between the areas as named edges. It would also be useful to add the names of people working in that area to each node.
How do we evaluate/benchmark our progress along this road map?
This page was last modified on 30 August 2016, at 13:24.


Replace was honored to be asked by the Mayors office of the city of St. Paul to start up a completely new kind of design and poster studio in downtown St. Paul. Big Table Studio is the awesome result of that collaboration between the city of St. Paul, Replace, and expanding other great design partners. Big Table Studio is a working design and print studio, located in beautiful downtown Saint Paul, Minnesota. It's a completely unique store front, where designers and printers rent a seat at the Table, getting access to print facilities, a studio to use as an office, and access to selling their hand made products through the BTS retail shop. Big Table Studio aims to be a screen-printing community center, hosting printing classes, mounting poster exhibitions, throwing poster-related parties, and working with the community to spread the word about design and printing. BTS was created in partnership with Amsterdam Bar & Hall and Eclipse Records, both of whom are BTS neighbors. The city of St. Paul developed this business initiative with all 3 partners and the synergistic effect is tangible.


TWICE achieve certified All-Kill with 'YES or YES'!
TWICE have achieved a certified all-kill with their latest track "YES or YES"!
After breaking YouTube records as the fastest girl group to reach 20 million views with their "YES or YES" music video, TWICE have now topped real-time music charts with the song. As of November 7 at 7:30PM KST, TWICE are #1 on the real-time music charts of Melon, Genie, Bugs, Mnet, Naver, and Soribada.
As previously reported, "YES or YES" was written by Shim Eun Ji, who worked on the group's previous single "Knock Knock", while the composers of "Heart Shaker", David Amber and Andy Love, returned to work on the new song as well.
Finally! But waiting for PAK. Hopeful no more assholes.


Below is a general overview of DAHA policies which may affect you as a member. Please contact a Board Member if you have any questions.
The Chuckwagon Snack Bar/Restaurant is open to members and non-members. It is open for lunch at 11-1pm and dinner at 5-8pm every day of the week. Brunch is served from 8am - 1pm on Thursdays, Fridays, and holidays. You can call in for take-out: 876-1451. Please click here for a menu, including delicious and healthy Atkins offerings.
Regular members sometimes wish to bring in a new horse to the Hobby Farm. There is sometimes a waiting list for a stall at DAHA. The waitlist is managed by the Stable Representative, with members who have requested a stall ranked according to the date they made the request.
Each member is limited to two stalls only. Members who have one horse already, may ask to be put on the waiting list for another stall, but they will be placed on a separate waitlist for a second stall. Stalls are only offered to the second stall waiting list when all requests for first stalls have been filled.
To be on the waiting list for a first stall, you must be an associate member and pay your associate member dues. Requests for a stall should be made to the Stable Representative by email.


text:
There San Diego
See + Do
Include articles
City Heights Welcomes New Urban Hiking Trail System
Active Life Connecting four of our favorite canyons, this is a trail system we can't wait to check out!
by Abby Walker
Tuesday, April 25, 20170
When you think about hiking in San Diego, you likely plan to head away from the city, right?
You may drive northeast to conquer the towering peaks of Cowles Mountain, Mount Woodson or Black Mountain… or perhaps you head towards the coast to wander through the beachfront Sunset Cliffs or Torrey Pines.
But did you know that you don't have to leave the city and can go on a hiking adventure in your very own urban backyard?!
A post shared by Support for Semi-Crunchy Mamas (@stacyspensley)
City Heights Canyons Loop Trail System
That's right. Simply dust off your hiking boots and head down to City Heights to explore the new five mile loop of trails that connect four canyons (Swan, Manzanita, Hollywood and 47th St./Olivia Canyon) throughout the neighborhood via "butterfly corridors."
(Click here for official enlarged trail map)
The colorful name refers to the urban areas that link the canyons and consist of pocket parks, murals and native plant gardens. While the corridors serve as a walking path for hikers between canyons, it's also thought that the extra touch of natural landscape will attract more butterflies and birds to the city.
A post shared by San Diego Canyonlands (@sdcanyonlands)
A Trail For Everyone
The entire trail system offers a wide range of wildlife and plants that provide a variety of experiences throughout the year as different plants bloom.
"The trail in South 47th Street/Olivia Canyon from Euclid Avenue to Quince Street has the richest diversity of plants and wildlife, and makes a great loop trail hike for nature lovers during this time of year," suggested Eric Bowlby, executive director of San Diego Canyonlands.
A Project Years In The Making
The trail project started in 2005 and took another step in 2009 when the San Diego Foundation gave San Diego Canyonlands a grant to build a Canyon Enhancement Planning program.
Community workshops held between 2009 and 2014 helped create plans to enhance the canyons, from trails to habitat restoration, as donations and grants were collected to fund the project.
After obtaining a grading permit in July 2016, construction began in February and the new trails officially opened on April 15th, 2017!
While four miles of the trail pre-existed as utility access paths, the group added an additional mile of trail along seven stretches to link the trails together and made existing pathways more easily accessible. The entire project cost $1 million, which was paid for by the government, grants and charitable donations.
Enhancing The City Heights Community
"This trail system is important to City Heights residents as it helps transform 90 acres of degraded, inaccessible open-space park land into a recreational resource for residents and urban youth," said Bowlby.
Home to 80,000 people, City Heights is one of the most diverse communities in the country but it falls short in outdoor public space for residents. These trails will provide a much needed nature boost to the area and a safe way for people to access the great outdoors.
Hiking, jogging, biking, bird watching and more outdoor opportunities will now be available in City Heights, which has 27 percent of its population at or below the poverty level.
The area will also be used as a nature classroom for area schools.
What's In Store For The Future
Of course, there's always room for further improvement and San Diego Canyonlands already has plans for the future. A new two mile trail system along the nearby Oak Park Branch of Chollas Creek will add extra outdoor space to the community soon.
"We will continue to enhance this urban nature trail system and the streets that link the trails together with murals, signage and native plant gardens along the streets, for years to come to further enhance the nature loop trail experience," Bowlby said.
And hey, if you don't live in the city, that doesn't mean you can't get in (or out, rather) on this awesome new urban-meets-nature escape. We'll see you out there!
Filed Under: Active Life, Buzz Worthy, Front Page, See + Do
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We have a Nexus headed to Verizon? HTC sues Apple? And Gingerbread leaks for the Thunderbolt? Our beloved DROIDX even got a Gingerbread bug fixer update. It just doesn't get any better than that, folks. We are getting so close to the release of some major players, and the anticipation just keeps growing.
Motorola HD gets a major first appearance.
Motorola HD "Spyder" headed to Verizon?
Bionic MAP pricing leaked at $299, folks.
Nexus Prime seen at Verizon HQ?
Poll: Would you want a Verizon Nexus?
HTC Thunderbolt gets leaked, everyone rejoices.
DROIDX gets a much needed Gingerbread update.
HTC turns the tide on Apple, and sues them for a change!
Have a great weekend, everybody! If you see any Bionics in the wild, don't forget to take a snapshot and send it in. Peace.


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FOS plans new horror series
By Blog_Admin 12th December 2018 March 11th, 2020 No Comments
Fashion On Screen Plc plans new horror series
Fashion On Screen Plc ("FOS" or the "Company"), the film and entertainment company, has announced that it intends to produce a series of horror films working with top industry producers John Paul Chapple and Laurence Jones of The Horror Lab.
The collaboration is slated to begin production in 2019 with The Scream Room written by Jared Kelly and directed by Emily Greenwood (who directed the award-winning Cold Warrior). Described as an intense and terrifying story about a woman trying to hold her young family together in the face of a powerful and mysterious threat, it is budgeted at £750,000 with cast to be announced shortly.
Also under option with The Horror Lab is the provisionally entitled The Becoming, a feminist vampire film written and directed by Jessie Kirby and produced by Kirsten Stoddart, who are enjoying ongoing awards success with their short, For Summer, through their company Brickworks Media.
Nevern Johns, Managing Director of FOS, said: "We have been looking for some time to open up a second level of film projects to sit alongside our major films but with more accessible budgets. The horror genre is a longstanding successful one within the international film industry and I am therefore delighted that we will be working with John Paul and Laurence who between them share a huge knowledge and experience of the genre. I see this as the first of many successful projects working with this team."
John Paul Chapple of The Horror Lab said: "We are delighted to be collaborating with FOS Plc with its unique approach to production and financing. The Scream Room is the first of a series of titles that will establish our brand and give us all the opportunity to work with some of the most exciting and diverse talent in the industry."
About FOS:
FOS is a London-based film production company which combines the traditional ethos of some of the great British film production companies of the past, focussing on quality, high-end production values and popular commercial appeal, with important contemporary values such as a commitment to diversity and a determination to work alongside a wide range of media partners.
For further information please look at the website www.fosplc.com or contact:
Paul Quade, City Road Communications
paulquade@cityroaduk.com Tel: 020 7248 8010 or 07947 186694
About The HorrorLab
The Horror Lab was set up in 2018 by Laurence Jones, John Paul Chapple and David Burgess. The company will produce and distribute horror content both through established theatrical and TV routes and also through its own dedicated "The Horror Lab" digital platform, targeting horror fans everywhere. The THL digital platform will launch in 2019.
Previous Managing Director of Initial Film and Television (part of Endemol UK) and Commercial Director of Endemol Shine UK. As Commercial Director he devised the strategy and oversaw the operations for its digital content studio. Laurence Exec Produced a number of shows and launched a number of businesses whilst at Endemol and afterwards.
John Paul Chapple
Producer and writer, his feature film credits include Bathory – Countess of Blood, Guy X and Big Kiss and Scavengers, for 20th Century Fox TV and ITV. He also exec produced the award-winning Hear My Song for Windmill Lane Productions and wrote and produced End of Term, a horror film due for release in 2019.
Capital Market Coach
Keswick Global AG info@keswickglobal.com
Tim Curle / Klaus Schwerdtfeger Tel: +43 1 740 408 045
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French Version : http://www.cartesfrance.fr/carte-france-ville/46024_Belmont-Bretenoux.html
Town of Belmont-Bretenoux
The village of Belmont-Bretenoux is a small village located south of France. The town of Belmont-Bretenoux is located in the department of Lot of the french region Midi-Pyrénées.	The town of Belmont-Bretenoux is located in the township of Bretenoux part of the district of Figeac. The area code for Belmont-Bretenoux is 46024 (also known as code INSEE), and the Belmont-Bretenoux zip code is 46130.
Geography and map of Belmont-Bretenoux :
The altitude of the city hall of Belmont-Bretenoux is approximately 300 meters. The Belmont-Bretenoux surface is 6.65 km ². The latitude and longitude of Belmont-Bretenoux are 44.889 degrees North and 1.881 degrees East. Nearby cities and towns of Belmont-Bretenoux are : Cornac (46130) at 2.19 km, Saint-Michel-Loubéjou (46130) at 2.51 km, Saint-Laurent-les-Tours (46400) at 2.65 km, Saint-Jean-Lespinasse (46400) at 3.35 km, Saint-Céré (46400) at 3.50 km, Glanes (46130) at 3.64 km, Saint-Médard-de-Presque (46400) at 3.77 km, Bretenoux (46130) at 4.35 km.
(The distances to these nearby towns of Belmont-Bretenoux are calculated as the crow flies)
Population and housing of Belmont-Bretenoux :
The population of Belmont-Bretenoux was 323 in 1999, 320 in 2006 and 318 in 2007. The population density of Belmont-Bretenoux is 47.82 inhabitants per km². The number of housing of Belmont-Bretenoux was 192 in 2007. These homes of Belmont-Bretenoux consist of 135 main residences, 42 second or occasional homes and 14 vacant homes.
I like Belmont-Bretenoux !
Administrative Information of Belmont-Bretenoux
Township : Bretenoux
Nearby towns of Belmont-Bretenoux
Here are maps and information of the close municipalities near Belmont-Bretenoux.
Cornac (46) at 2.19 km Saint-Michel-Loubéjou (46) at 2.51 km
Saint-Laurent-les-Tours (46) at 2.65 km Saint-Jean-Lespinasse (46) at 3.35 km
Saint-Céré (46) at 3.50 km Glanes (46) at 3.64 km
Saint-Médard-de-Presque (46) at 3.77 km Bretenoux (46) at 4.35 km
Biars-sur-Cère (46) at 4.40 km Estal (46) at 4.57 km
Frayssinhes (46) at 4.59 km Gagnac-sur-Cère (46) at 5.55 km
Prudhomat (46) at 5.57 km Saint-Vincent-du-Pendit (46) at 5.70 km
Autoire (46) at 5.98 km Girac (46) at 6.23 km
Loubressac (46) at 6.47 km Teyssieu (46) at 6.51 km
Saint-Paul-de-Vern (46) at 7.04 km Liourdres (19) at 7.33 km
Geography of Belmont-Bretenoux
Population and housings of Belmont-Bretenoux
Population data : Population Belmont-Bretenoux
Housings data : Housing Belmont-Bretenoux
Hotel Belmont-Bretenoux
Search hotels near Belmont-Bretenoux : Book your hotel now !
Find all hotels of Belmont-Bretenoux :
Guest accommodation : House Saint-laurent-les-tours - 6 pers, 120 m2, 4/3 1
House Saint-laurent-les-tours - 6 pers, 120 m2, 4/3 1 is located in Saint-Laurent-les-Tours. The holiday home features garden views and is 30 km from Rocamadour. The holiday ho...
Address : Barry-Bas 46400 Saint-Laurent-les-Tours
Distance Guest accommodation - Belmont-Bretenoux : 1.71 km
Guest accommodation : House Le dom
House Le dom is located in Cornac. The property has garden views. The holiday home comes with a TV. A dishwasher, a microwave and a fridge can be found in the kitchen. Brive-l...
Contact : Le Dom 46130 Cornac
Guest accommodation : La Grange Du Noyer
Located in Cornac, this holiday home is set 39 km from Brive-la-Gaillarde. Guests benefit from a private patio, garden and outdoor pool. Free WiFi is available throughout the pr...
Contact : Le Bourg Cornac La Grange Du Noyer 46130 Cornac
Guest accommodation : House Saint-michel-loubejou - 7 pers, 87 m2, 5/4 1
House Saint-michel-loubejou - 7 pers, 87 m2, 5/4 1 is located in Saint-Michel-Loubéjou. The property features garden views and is 30 km from Rocamadour. The holiday home is fit...
Contact : Puymule 46130 Saint-Michel-Loubéjou
Guest accommodation : Domaine de Granval Chambres d'Hôtes
This guest house is located in the Lot Dordogne Valley, a 15-minute drive from Padirac. It offers rooms with private patios with views of the countryside, TVs and bathrooms. Th...
Address : Domaine de Granval 46130 Bretenoux
Guest accommodation : House Bienvenue à langèlerie
House Bienvenue à langèlerie is situated in Saint-Michel-Loubéjou. Guests staying at this holiday home have access to a fully equipped kitchen. The holiday home is fitted with ...
Contact : Langèlerie 46130 Saint-Michel-Loubéjou
Hotel : Les Trois Soleils
Les Trois Soleils is located in Saint-Céré and features a garden, a terrace and a bar. Boasting luggage storage space, this property also provides guests with an outdoor pool. T...
Contact : Marot-Bas – Saint-Jean-Lespinasse 46400 Saint-Céré
Distance Hotel - Belmont-Bretenoux : 3.23 km
Hotel : Hotel du Touring
The Hotel Du Touring offers pleasantly decorated rooms equipped with a private bathroom and free Wi-Fi internet access. Free parking is provided at the Hotel Du Touring, making...
Price : from 55.00 € to 99.00 €
Contact : 10 Place De La République 46400 Saint-Céré
Hotel : Logis Le Victor Hugo
Situated in Saint-Céré, Logis Le Victor Hugo features free WiFi. At the hotel, rooms are fitted with a desk. The rooms are equipped with a private bathroom. At Logis Le Victor ...
Prices : from 71.72 € to 96.34 €
Address : 7 Avenue des Maquis 46400 Saint-Céré
Guest accommodation : House Cornac - 5 pers, 63 m2, 4/3
House Cornac - 5 pers, 63 m2, 4/3 is set in Cornac. The holiday home has garden views and is 38 km from Rocamadour. The holiday home comes with a TV. The accommodation is equip...
Contact : SOUILHOL. 46130 Cornac
Find another hotel near Belmont-Bretenoux :
Belmont-Bretenoux hotels list
Map of Belmont-Bretenoux
Map of Belmont-Bretenoux :
At right you can find the localization of Belmont-Bretenoux on the map of France. Below, this is the satellite map of Belmont-Bretenoux. A road map, and maps templates of Belmont-Bretenoux are available here : "road map of Belmont-Bretenoux". This map show Belmont-Bretenoux seen by the satellite of Google Map. To see the streets of Belmont-Bretenoux or move on another zone, use the buttons "zoom" and "map" on top of this dynamic map.
Search on the map of Belmont-Bretenoux :
To search hotels, housings, tourist information office, administrations or other services, use the Google search integrated to the map on the following page : "map Belmont-Bretenoux".
Hotels of Belmont-Bretenoux are listed on the map with the following icons:
The map of Belmont-Bretenoux is centred in the following coordinates :
Print the map of Belmont-Bretenoux
Print the map of Belmont-Bretenoux : map of Belmont-Bretenoux
Photos Belmont-Bretenoux
Most popular and closest pictures of Belmont-Bretenoux town hall :
Photo of Belmont-Bretenoux
Chateaux Montal
190401saintcere
Padirac Sculpture
Dans le Lot.
Beaulieu-sur-Dordogne, France
st cirq lapopie soleil-13
See all photos of Belmont-Bretenoux :
Other photos of Belmont-Bretenoux and nearby towns can be found here: photos Belmont-Bretenoux
Belmont-Bretenoux weather forecast
Find next hours and 7 days weather forecast for Belmont-Bretenoux here : weather Belmont-Bretenoux (with english metrics)
This is the last weather forecast for Belmont-Bretenoux collected by the nearest observation station of Figeac.
The latest weather data for Belmont-Bretenoux were collected Friday, 15 January 2021 at 17:25 from the nearest observation station of Figeac.
Quick links Belmont-Bretenoux :
Belmont-Bretenoux city
Belmont-Bretenoux hotel
Belmont-Bretenoux hotels map
Belmont-Bretenoux road map
Belmont-Bretenoux map
Belmont-Bretenoux photos
Belmont-Bretenoux weather
Belmont-Bretenoux population
Belmont-Bretenoux housing
Make a link to this page of Belmont-Bretenoux with the following code :
Belmont-Bretenoux


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Pastor Artur Pawlowski says arsonists set his property on fire after viral confrontations with police
CP World | Thursday, May 20, 2021
Calgary Fire Department says cause of fire remains 'undetermined'
By Ryan Foley, Christian Post Reporter
Artur Pawlowski, the pastor of Street Church in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, speaks after kicking law enforcement out of his church after they entered without a warrant to interrupt a Passover service. | YouTube/Artur Pawlowski TV
A Canadian pastor who has repeatedly clashed with the local government officials over worship restrictions imposed due to the coronavirus pandemic is alleging that arsonists have targeted his home and set his garage ablaze.
Appearing on Rebel Media Sunday, Pastor Artur Pawlowski of Street Church in Calgary, Alberta, recalled how the garage at his private residence was set on fire late Saturday night.
"About 11:30 p.m., my wife, she hears some commotions and firefighters, I mean, so many cars and police. And first, we thought … maybe they're coming for me in the middle of the night. But no, they came to put the fire down."
After heading outside and initially believing that their neighbors' house was on fire, the Pawlowskis figured out that it was their garage that was on fire. Pawlowski posted video footage of firefighters working to extinguish the fire on his YouTube channel.
"Someone set our property on fire. Someone wants us dead," he said. "And I'm thinking, 'Why? I'm feeding the poor. I'm feeding Muslims. I'm feeding homosexuals. I'm feeding whites and Asians and blacks. I'm feeding people and I'm not hurting anyone, and they want me dead, and they want my children dead?'"
Describing the fire as "shocking," Pawlowski maintained that he "would never imagine that we would be living in a country that … our right to be different, our rights … to be able to express ourselves in a different way than others would be punishable by death."
A spokesperson for the Calgary Fire Department confirmed to The Christian Post that the fire department "attended the fire in question" but a cause has not yet been determined.
"The origin of the fire was an area on or adjacent to an external wall of the detached garage," the department said in a statement. "The cause of the fire is at present undetermined."
As Rebel News' Adam Soos noted, Pawlowski has faced additional harassment since his encounters with local law enforcement have gone viral, including "graffiti and dog feces and nails in the parking lot."
The pastor, born in Poland, told Rebel News that he shared his belief with Calgary Police that the fire in his garage constituted a hate crime, but "they didn't say anything." According to Pawlowski, "I don't know … where this is going to go with them."
While Pawlowski has had tense exchanges with members of the Calgary Police and other local law enforcement officials in recent weeks, he praised the police for acting "very professionally." He added: "They helped as much as they could. They even came with their trucks to bring the light so we could secure the place."
He also thanked the firefighters for doing an "amazing job," contending that "if not for those men that fought the fire, my house would go down in flames."
Pawlowski explained that the exact origin of the fire remains a mystery but concluded that "someone put fire into a blue bin that was with cupboards and that's how the fire started."
He stated that "they pushed the bin to the door — the wooden door of the garage — and the whole garage started to … burn."
"They don't know who did it, of course. They don't know what caused [the fire]," the pastor added.
Pawlowski suggested that it could have been a lighter or "someone holding the lighter and putting the bin on fire." He remarked that "only God knows at this moment" how the fire started.
He characterized the fire as "another sad day for democracy" and "another sad day for humanity."
Pawlowski acknowledged the right to "agree to disagree" while lamenting that people want him and his children dead "all in the name of tolerance."
The fire at Pawlowski's garage came a week after video footage documented the arrest of Pawlowski and his brother, Dawid, by Calgary Police for holding an "illegal" in-person worship service that did not comply with social distancing and mask requirements implemented to stop the spread of the coronavirus.
Multiple officers carried the brothers away into custody as they knelt in the road, refusing to walk on their own after being handcuffed.
Following their release Monday night, Pawlowski compared the actions of the local government to communist China.
"I just woke up in Hong Kong a few days ago," he asserted. "I mean, I thought I emigrated to our beloved Canada, but I am in Hong Kong, full force."
Before his arrest, Pawlowski had two tense exchanges with local law enforcement, who confronted him at his church for failing to abide by coronavirus restrictions. As a public health officer, accompanied by local police, interrupted a Passover mass, the pastor sternly directed them to "get out" and compared them to the "Gestapo," the Nazi police. The video of that encounter has received millions of views.
Three weeks later, Pawlowski received another visit from local authorities seeking to enforce coronavirus restrictions.
While they did not enter the church, Pawlowski accused the officials of entering his "personal space" and called them "brown shirts" and "Nazi Gestapo communist fascists." After they left the property, the pastor alleged that the repeated targeting of churches was part of a broader "agenda" of "medical tyranny" that runs afoul of Canada's Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
Pawlowski is among other Canadian pastors arrested for holding in-person worship services that do not conform to coronavirus restrictions. Pastors James Coates and Tim Stephens, also of Calgary, have also suffered legal consequences for holding in-person worship services.
Canadian pastor who escaped communist tyranny arrested for holding church service
Canadian pastor says attacks on church services bring back memories of communism
3rd Canadian pastor arrested for holding worship services violating COVID-19 orders
GoFundMe page raises over $45K to pay legal fees for Canadian pastor battling worship restriction charges
More In World
'Death to Christians': 2 churches attacked in Spain; 1 dead, 4 injured
At least 17 Christians killed in 2 days across Nigeria, sources say
Witchcraft suspected after 5 animal hearts found outside church
UK gov't official says 'conversion therapy' ban won't harm parents, faith leaders
Palestinian woman ordained first female pastor of Lutheran church in Jerusalem


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Q: Mongodb schema design referencing confusion Imagine I want to build a book library system, I have collection of book and book_category. Should I put user_id into book_category?
By having book_category_id in book collection, I'm able to get category of each book, but what if I want to get all category? I should have the user_id inside book_category collection as well right? It seems to me every collection I must put user_id as reference.
book
====
id
name
price
book_category_id
user_id

book_category
====
id
name
user_id //confusion here

A: The way i would design would be embedded the book_category inside the book. The book category is going to be a small number of distinct names. There is not much going to there.
When you want to get all the categories available, you could run aggregation on the mongodb to get the result. This operation i am sure you are not going to perform very often and mostly for internal purposes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Nissan Secures $1.44 billion Green Loan
Japan's Nissan has agreed to a 200 billion yen ($1.44 billion) green loan to finance investments in zero-emission mobility, as announced by the automaker behemoth on Wednesday.
According to a statement, the syndicated loan was arranged by Mizuho Bank and MUFG Bank with terms of five and seven years. Nissan states that the money will be used for research & development on zero-emission vehicles, electric vehicle parts, and other carbon-neutral projects.
MACROECONOMIC DATA ANALYSIS
Russia is willing to ease restrictions on transactions by so-called 'hostile non-residents' in exchange for the unfreezing of Russian assets abroad, according to the country's central bank on Tuesday. Following Western sanctions over Moscow's actions in Ukraine, Russia implemented capital controls which prevented foreign investors from unfriendly states, including those that have imposed sanctions, from selling securities issued by Russian issuers.
A survey released on Wednesday revealed that the price of fresh food in British stores increased in November at the fastest annual rate since records have been kept, dealing yet another blow to households already struggling with the cost-of-living crisis. Fresh food costs this month are 14.3% higher than they were a year ago, according to the British Retail Consortium (BRC). According to the report, the price of other food items increased at the fastest rate ever in November, rising to 12.4% from 11.6% the previous month.
The U.S. dollar was down on Wednesday morning with expectations of slower interest rate hikes by the Fed, while majority of Asian currencies edged up as markets awaited more monetary policy cues from Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell, though weak economic data from China and ambiguity surrounding the nation's COVID policy dampened sentiment.
The Dollar Index, which measures the value of the U.S. dollar against a basket of six other currencies, fell 0.09% to 106.675.
Gold prices increased marginally on Wednesday's early hours, thanks to a decline in the value of the dollar greenback. Investors were mainly watching Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell's speech for clues about the direction the U.S. central bank will take its monetary policy. Gold futures increased by 0.21% to $1,752 per ounce.
Oil prices saw gains of more than 1% in Asian trade on Wednesday morning due to declining U.S. crude inventories and a weaker dollar. Yet, gains were constrained by worries that OPEC+ will maintain output at its upcoming meeting and weak China data. Brent crude futures climbed by 0.76% to $84.88 a barrel, while West Texas Intermediate crude rose by 0.77% to $78.81 a barrel.
USA: S&P500 -0.16%, Dow Jones Industrial Average +0.01%, Nasdaq Composite -0.73%
Europe: FTSE 100 +0.51%, DAX -0.19%, CAC 40 +0.06%
Asia: Nikkei 225 -0.21%, Hang Seng +0.38%, CSI 300 -0.27%, Nifty 50 +0.15%
January 26, 2023 Morgan Stanley Fines Employees For Messaging Breaches
Morgan Stanley has fined employees who use messaging apps like WhatsApp and others for work-related communications, the Financial Times reported on Thursday. The fines, which ranged from a few thousand dollars to over $1 million per employee, were established by taking into account various elements, including the quantity of messages sent, seniority, and whether or not they had previously been warned.
January 25, 2023 Twitter Ad Spending Falls 70% in December
Top advertisers cut their spending on Twitter by 71% in December as a result of Elon Musk's recent takeover, according to data from an advertising research firm.
The latest Standard Media Index (SMI) data comes as Twitter works to reverse the advertiser exodus. It has launched a slew of initiatives to win back advertisers, including offering some free ads, lifting a ban on political advertising, and giving businesses more control over the placement of their ads.
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