0' Match ends, Almería 2, Mallorca 1.
93' Second Half ends, Almería 2, Mallorca 1.
91' Attempt missed. Dejan Lekic (Mallorca) with an attempt from the centre of the box misses to the left. Assisted by Diogo Salomão with a cross.
87' Substitution, Almería. Juanjo replaces Quique González.
86' Antonio Puertas (Almería) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
86' Foul by Antonio Puertas (Almería).
86' Biel Company (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
86' Attempt missed. Óscar Díaz (Mallorca) right footed shot from outside the box is too high.
84' Goal! Almería 2, Mallorca 1. Dejan Lekic (Mallorca) left footed shot from very close range to the centre of the goal. Assisted by Héctor Yuste with a headed pass following a corner.
84' Corner, Mallorca. Conceded by Ángel Trujillo.
83' Substitution, Almería. Iván Sánchez replaces Fidel.
82' Quique González (Almería) hits the right post with a left footed shot from very close range following a corner.
82' Attempt saved. Corona (Almería) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Fidel.
82' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Biel Company.
80' Attempt missed. Dejan Lekic (Mallorca) right footed shot from the centre of the box misses to the right.
78' Foul by Dalmau (Mallorca).
78' José Ángel (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
77' Substitution, Almería. Corona replaces José Pozo.
76' Foul by Dalmau (Mallorca).
76' Fidel (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
75' Foul by José Pozo (Almería).
75' Juan Emmanuel Culio (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
75' Attempt blocked. Óscar Díaz (Mallorca) right footed shot from a difficult angle and long range on the left is blocked. Assisted by Juan Emmanuel Culio.
74' Óscar Díaz (Mallorca) wins a free kick on the left wing.
74' Foul by Fidel (Almería).
74' Substitution, Mallorca. Diogo Salomão replaces Lago Junior.
73' Brandon (Mallorca) wins a free kick on the left wing.
72' Joan Oriol (Mallorca) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
72' Foul by Joan Oriol (Mallorca).
72' Ximo Navarro (Almería) wins a free kick on the right wing.
70' Jorge Morcillo (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
70' Foul by Dejan Lekic (Mallorca).
70' Foul by Dalmau (Mallorca).
69' Jorge Morcillo (Almería) is shown the yellow card.
69' Juan Emmanuel Culio (Mallorca) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
69' Foul by Juan Emmanuel Culio (Mallorca).
69' José Pozo (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
66' Substitution, Mallorca. Óscar Díaz replaces Juan Domínguez.
66' Dejan Lekic (Mallorca) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
65' Foul by Dejan Lekic (Mallorca).
65' José Ángel (Almería) wins a free kick on the left wing.
63' José Pozo (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
63' Foul by Biel Company (Mallorca).
60' Attempt missed. Brandon (Mallorca) right footed shot from a difficult angle on the left is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Juan Emmanuel Culio.
60' Brandon (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
60' Foul by Antonio Puertas (Almería).
58' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Raíllo.
58' Foul by Juan Emmanuel Culio (Mallorca).
58' José Pozo (Almería) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
57' Foul by Raíllo (Mallorca).
57' Quique González (Almería) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
56' Attempt saved. Diamanka (Almería) header from the centre of the box is saved in the top left corner. Assisted by Fidel with a cross.
56' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Lago Junior.
56' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Joan Oriol.
55' Ximo Navarro (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
55' Foul by Dalmau (Mallorca).
55' Substitution, Mallorca. Dejan Lekic replaces Pol Roigé.
53' Goal! Almería 2, Mallorca 0. Fidel (Almería) converts the penalty with a left footed shot to the bottom left corner.
52' Penalty conceded by Biel Company (Mallorca) with a hand ball in the penalty area.
48' Foul by Fidel (Almería).
48' Biel Company (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
47' Brandon (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
47' Foul by Ximo Navarro (Almería).
46' Foul by Juan Domínguez (Mallorca).
46' José Pozo (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
45' Foul by Antonio Puertas (Almería).
45' Lago Junior (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
45' Attempt missed. Lago Junior (Mallorca) left footed shot from the centre of the box is high and wide to the left. Assisted by Juan Domínguez.
45' Offside, Almería. Fidel tries a through ball, but Quique González is caught offside.
45' Attempt blocked. Lago Junior (Mallorca) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Juan Emmanuel Culio with a cross.
44' Corner, Mallorca. Conceded by Ángel Trujillo.
43' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Héctor Yuste.
40' Attempt missed. Nano González (Almería) left footed shot from the left side of the box misses to the right. Assisted by Fidel.
38' Foul by Antonio Puertas (Almería).
38' Juan Emmanuel Culio (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
37' Offside, Almería. Antonio Puertas tries a through ball, but Fidel is caught offside.
37' Attempt missed. Pol Roigé (Mallorca) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the right.
35' Corner, Mallorca. Conceded by Ximo Navarro.
34' Attempt missed. Quique González (Almería) left footed shot from the left side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Fidel with a cross.
32' Brandon (Mallorca) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
32' Ángel Trujillo (Almería) wins a free kick on the right wing.
32' Foul by Brandon (Mallorca).
30' Lago Junior (Mallorca) hits the bar with a right footed shot from a difficult angle on the right. Assisted by Brandon.
30' Attempt missed. Biel Company (Mallorca) right footed shot from outside the box is too high following a set piece situation.
28' Pol Roigé (Mallorca) wins a free kick on the left wing.
28' Foul by Ximo Navarro (Almería).
27' Foul by Brandon (Mallorca).
27' Ximo Navarro (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
24' Delay in match José Ángel (Almería) because of an injury.
21' José Ángel (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
21' Foul by Biel Company (Mallorca).
19' Goal! Almería 1, Mallorca 0. Antonio Puertas (Almería) left footed shot from the right side of the box to the top left corner. Assisted by Ximo Navarro following a set piece situation.
19' Antonio Puertas (Almería) wins a free kick on the right wing.
19' Foul by Joan Oriol (Mallorca).
18' Juan Domínguez (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
17' Dangerous play by José Ángel (Almería).
17' Dalmau (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
17' José Ángel (Almería) wins a free kick on the left wing.
17' Foul by Dalmau (Mallorca).
16' José Pozo (Almería) is shown the yellow card.
15' (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
15' Attempt blocked. José Pozo (Almería) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Ximo Navarro.
14' Attempt blocked. Brandon (Mallorca) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Dalmau.
10' Foul by Pol Roigé (Mallorca).
10' Ximo Navarro (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
9' Ángel Trujillo (Almería) is shown the yellow card for a bad foul.
9' Raíllo (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
9' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Héctor Yuste.
8' Attempt blocked. Dalmau (Mallorca) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Joan Oriol.
7' Dalmau (Mallorca) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
7' Foul by Nano González (Almería).
7' Fidel (Almería) wins a free kick on the left wing.
7' Foul by Biel Company (Mallorca).
5' Juan Emmanuel Culio (Mallorca) wins a free kick on the left wing.
5' Foul by Ángel Trujillo (Almería).
5' Attempt blocked. José Ángel (Almería) header from the centre of the box is blocked.
5' Attempt saved. Quique González (Almería) left footed shot from the left side of the six yard box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by José Ángel with a headed pass.
4' Corner, Almería. Conceded by Joan Oriol.
4' Attempt saved. Raíllo (Mallorca) header from a difficult angle on the left is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Juan Emmanuel Culio with a cross.
4' Corner, Mallorca. Conceded by Jorge Morcillo.
3' Foul by Raíllo (Mallorca).
3' José Ángel (Almería) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
2' Corner, Mallorca. Conceded by Ximo Navarro.
1' Attempt saved. Raíllo (Mallorca) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Juan Emmanuel Culio with a cross.
0' Juan Domínguez (Mallorca) wins a free kick on the right wing.
0' Foul by Jorge Morcillo (Almería).


text:
Lawsuit against Blackstone could test leveraged buyout defense
By: No Author | 5:10pm EST June 21, 2011
WILMINGTON, Del. ― An $8.4 billion lawsuit brought last week against Blackstone LP by creditors of the bankrupt Extended Stay hotel chain ranks as one of the largest ever filed over a failed leveraged buyout.
It could also take its direction from one of the smallest ever — the recent, and otherwise forgotten bankruptcy of a New York restaurant that sold for just $1.1 million.
Essentially, a trust representing creditors of Extended Stay accused Blackstone and others of arranging an overpriced sale of the hotel chain to private equity investor David Lichtenstein with an allegedly conflicted Citigroup Inc. in between.
The lawsuit accuses Blackstone and other parties of lining their pockets at the expense of the hotel chain and its creditors, who suffered in the bankruptcy two years later.
That much is pretty standard fare for so-called fraudulent transfer cases, which often follow in the wake of failed leveraged buyouts.
Blackstone has said the lawsuit was without merit and Citigroup declined to comment.
The lawsuit, in Manhattan bankruptcy court, follows a recent decision in the district that could undermine the use of the so-called "settlement payment defense" to shield shareholders who sold into a buyout that went bust.
"It's actually become much harder to litigate LBOs because of the development of the settlement payment defense," said Stephen Lubben, a professor at Seton Hall Law School. "If the payments went through a financial institution, it's much harder to unwind them."
That may have changed, however, because of a ruling arising from a tiny failed leveraged buyout involving MacMenamin's Grill of the New York City suburb of New Rochelle.
Owners of the restaurant agreed to sell their shares to the restaurant in 2007 for a total $1.1 million — a leveraged buyout so small that it was done with a Small Business Administration loan.
A year later the restaurant went bankrupt.
When a trustee for creditors sued the shareholders, they cited the settlement payment defense. Judge Robert Drain of the Southern District of New York rejected that, in part because the transaction did not involve publicly traded stock ― just as in the Extended Stay sale.
This entry was posted in Top News and tagged Blackstone, Extended Stay. Bookmark the permalink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Reaction Roundup from Washington's loss to Philly
Zach Selby
Terry McLaurin tries to evades a defender after making a catch during the Washington Football Team's game against the Philadelphia Eagles. (Joe Noyes/NFL)
Head coach Ron Rivera and several players spoke to the media following the Washington Football Team's 20-16 loss to the Philadelphia Eagles. Here's a look at what they said during their press conferences.
On how he felt the team responded to the loss from last week:
"I was pleased with their effort. I really was. I thought they were able to handle some things pretty good this past week. I thought they practiced well on Wednesday, Thursday, Friday. They did the things that they needed to. I like what we were doing on offensive and defense, just unfortunately there were a couple plays that we didn't make, a couple plays we allowed to happen and those were really the difference. The hard part is you kick field goals, and you're not going to win a lot of games kicking too many field goals when you have an opportunity to score touchdowns."
On Jaret Patterson:
"I thought he did a nice job. I think Jaret is one of those young guys that the more experience he gets, the more opportunities he gets, the better he is going to be. He's a young dynamic player that definitely could fit a role for you. He gives you everything you got, and I thought he did a nice job. I really did."
On if he thinks his team showed growth as the season went on:
"Well, I think we have moments. I really do. I think we still have ways a way to grow though. It's one of those things we will continue to grow, but we showed what we are capable of. We showed some resilience at times, and then sometimes it was overwhelming. I think that's a good word for the last couple of weeks for these guys. It was overwhelming on them. And as I said last week, these are young men that had to deal with an awful lot. I think this is something that we'll grow from, we'll learn from, and hopefully next week we'll come out and we'll play to our abilities."
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Taylor Heinicke
On the last play of the game:
"On the last play, we had four verts from a three by one. We had the back kind of free releasing and running the wide route. What we wanted was we wanted that safety to come down and take the back, so then we have a nice area over there. Cool. They kind of did the opposite where the safety came down strong and safety rotated. The linebacker took the running back on the wide route and I just saw a big area. And once I saw John Bates get on top of that guy, I knew I had an area to throw to him a high ball and let him go get it. And again, looking at it, I thought that was probably one of the best crossing nines I've ever thrown. I think if he doesn't trip, he catches that thing – a touchdown. Again, when the time's going down, you can't take a sack, you just gotta try and make a play. It was unfortunate."
On what the team has been through in the last month:
"I mean between COVID, injuries, things happening off the field with players' families and stuff, it's been rough. It's been a rough stretch, but guys have battled. You see us fighting out there, just come up a little short every time. It was our second four game losing streak, last thing we wanna do is make a five in the season like that. We have a big game next week against the Giants rivalry and the guys will be excited to go up there and play."
On how this team compares to others in the division:
"I mean, you know, obviously we got spanked by Dallas a couple times. But between the other two teams, I feel like we're just as good or not better. And I think all the guys in the locker room will tell you the same thing. So it's just unfortunate. It's a game of football. Some things go your way, some things don't. But again we just keep fighting."
Terry McLaurin
On missing the playoffs and losing the last four games:
"That's the goal when you put on the pads in the beginning of the season is to have a chance to make the playoffs, win the division, make the playoffs and try to make a run at the super bowl. To know we're not going to be able to that this year is disappointing especially off the year we had last year, we felt like we were going to try and take some momentum into this year, but with the NFL everything is earned week in and week out. I feel like we went on a stretch run where we won that stretch of games and then we got into the division and just didn't get it done and that could make or break your season and it kind of broke ours. so we have an opportunity to try and finish this season off on the right foot, with a win, against a Giants team who I feel like is not going to let us have anything. And that's just got to be our mindset to get into New York this weekend and finish this season with some type of positive."
On player losses or bad execution being more significant in the last month's stretch of games:
"I think it's a little bit of both. We have gone through some adversity with covid and personal tragedies that are going on with our brothers and adversity we've had throughout the whole season. I don't think anyone would say that's why we didn't get it done; we just didn't get it done. Every team is dealing with something during this part of the season, injuries, COVID, so by no stretch of the imagination do I want that to be out there that it was an excuse or crutch, we just didn't get the job done."
On if this season was a step back:
"I want to let the season finish and reflect after that. I don't want to say anything to prematurely, we didn't win the division or make the playoffs, that's not the greatest thing. But I feel like a lot of the guys stepped up for us and made plays when they had to make plays and guys stepped up when we had adversities when guys are out, guys are down. It's hard to comment on the whole season and say whether it as a step-forward or step-back, whatever it is. We're going to try and finish strong and evaluate after that."
On getting his first touchdown at FedExField:
"It was cool, but I am a guy that cares about winning. I am a competitor and I love winning. I could care less about the stats; I just want to get in that win column."
On what changed from being able to move the ball in the first half compared to the second:
"They jumped in a solid front and had a short edge. They knew we were trying to run the ball, but we just didn't finish and like I said, we did not keep our foot on the gas. We had chances even with the late drive to win the game. We just have to finish and thats really it."
On being an undrafted free agent to becoming the starting running back in the NFL:
"It's special. It just helps my mentality. It is a slow grind, and you must have that 1% getting better every day. It helps me to keep going. I want to be an inspiration to a guy that goes undrafted, you can do it. It is a lot being a hometown kid and I just believe in this organization, the coaching staff, and I believe we are going in the right direction, and I believe that with my whole heart."
On losing four division games in a row:
"Frustrating. We didn't execute, we didn't finish the game like we needed to and we lost."
On the two 4th-and-goal touchdowns:
"Gotta get off the field. That's the difference in the game."
On how it feels to miss the playoffs:
"Exactly how you think it is."
On how much success he felt the team had with containing Philadelphia Eagles QB Jalen Hurts:
"I think we did a good job of that, but not enough to win the game and that's all that matters."
On what he thought about the linebacker rotation:
"That's behind me. I have to focus to make their jobs easier. You'd have to ask them."
On how he felt they stopped the run late in the game:
"We just do what we do. We just needed to do it better. There's no secret formula to stopping the run. Put up or shut up. We did it better than last week but not enough to win the game."
Cole Holcomb
On LB David Mayo getting more playing time in this game:
"I love playing with [LB] David Mayo. He's a film guy. He's a very vocal guy. He's a vet who has seen a lot of football and it was nice having a couple times where he was able to give me a tip, help me out, and had extra communication. I mean, [LB] Jamin [Davis] is coming along and he's learning how to communicate. I remember my rookie year, I wasn't a very vocal person because sometimes you're not sure. Even this year getting more, it's taken me a while to like trust what I'm seeing because sometimes it's like, 'Okay, I see this. I have an idea of it, but I don't wanna tell everybody because if I'm wrong, I got everybody playing for a certain play and it's wrong. But, it takes a lot to be able to be confident and be like, 'Hey, this is coming.' And a lot of times he was right, so it helped out a lot."
On where he feels this team fits into the division right now:
"I mean, I feel like the sky's the limit for this team. I think we gotta start faster in the beginning of the season and then get some pieces back. We're missing a lot of pieces. There were a lot of injuries on this team, guys dealing with a lot of personal issues. I feel like we just gotta build some depth and get our guys back."
On the team being on the same page earlier in the season and on some of the depth pieces stepping up late in the season:
"Yeah, I think the guys did a tremendous job of filling in those roles and being able to not have any drop off in that aspect. I felt like we knew what they were doing most of the game. We just gotta tighten some things up and make a little more plays."
PHOTOS | Washington vs. Eagles, Week 17
The Washington Football Team takes on the Philadelphia Eagles looking to snap a three-game losing streak. (Photos by Emilee Fails and Karlee Sell/Washington Football Team; Joe Noyes/NFL)
KARLEE SELL/WASHINGTON FOOTBALL TEAM
Kam Curl
On giving up two touchdowns on fourth-and-goal:
"We just gotta get off the field at that time to give our offense a chance. We just gotta somehow make a play and get off the field."
On how tough this final stretch has been this season with COVID-19 issues, injuries and off the field tragedies:
"I feel like we did our best. When we come in the building, just focusing on football, you know what I'm saying? But I mean, it's noticeable when you got guys like that, who are not in the locker room, in the facility. But I feel like we did our best just focusing on football. I felt like we had a good week of practice."
On how disappointing it was for all of the off the field issues to come up when the team finally got back to 6-6:
"I mean, it's disappointing. This league is about winning. So whenever you lose, it's disappointing. But, we can't go back and change it, so we've just gotta keep moving forward."
On the challenges of facing a duel threat quarterback like Philadelphia QB Jalen Hurts:
"I mean, any dual threat quarterback it's gonna make it hard. Any scramble drill, just being able to plaster the receivers. We just gotta try to do our best to do that."
On what he thought about the linebacker rotations:
"I mean, it was just different packages. Different packages for different players, so that's all it is."
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After another 1,000-yard season, McLaurin wants to be more 'dynamic' after the catch
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Cole Holcomb 'developed an awful lot,' made strides as a leader
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Top offensive highlights from Washington's 2021 season
The 2021 season is over for the Washington Football Team, and while things didn't go as planned, there were a few noteworthy moments that came from Ron Rivera's second season. Here's a look at some of the top offensive highlights from the season.
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Chase Young provides update on recovery, feels like he's "making great progress"
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Washington's running game provides blueprint for future success
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Request is to enhance the Detail Line Protection processing option(P4310) to be based on either the Last Status or the Next Status of the order. Currently, it is only based on the Next Status. This is in order to prevent users from modifying something after the order has been partially received (400-400). If the Detail Line Protection is set with Next Status 400, the users will not be able to modify them after being Printed (280 Last Status), which is a business necessity.


Over many years the finance industry has developed a set of powerful tools which could be used to improve well-being and to solve our environmental problems. For example, to avoid dangerous climate change, the required rapid shift away from fossil fuels requires enormous levels of investment into low carbon infrastructure. We mostly know how to do this technically, and the funds are available; there is a savings surplus where trillions of dollars are sitting in government bonds earning negative returns which could be mobilised into the low carbon economy. Why is this investment not happening at the scale required?
These powerful financial tools have been co-opted by the same finance industry for the main purpose of growing its own revenue and importance, with resultant collateral damage to society and the environment. Governments have outsourced the management of its assets to the finance industry and set the industry the wrong incentives, we need to re-think how we want our assets managed and reset the incentives to achieve this.
The tools of finance are so powerful because they are used to allocate society's capital, and this determines the future direction of the economy. So, for example China has decided to direct finance, in co-ordination with other government support, towards manufacturing-export industries, and these sectors have rapidly grown.
In our economy, this decision is made by the finance sector, who invest our savings (for example via pension funds and bank accounts). The justification is that free markets will make the best decision on where to allocate resources, because the most efficient users of capital will be able to pay the best return so everyone will be better off.
However, we don't have free financial markets. People mostly save via capital markets because they are induced to do so by the government, the most important financial variable is the interest rate, which is set by a government agency, the largest asset class are government bonds, only a restricted group of government-mandated banks can accept deposits, and government regulation shapes the way markets work – for example there are over 100,000 pages of pension regulations. Oh, and the whole system owes its existence to the 2008 bail-out. So as financial markets are not free, the theory that free markets are efficient and reflect people's social preferences is not applicable.
It is clear that the allocation of capital by the finance system does not work in practice, either. The finance sector has grown rapidly in size without becoming more efficient so that now half of all savings are ultimately eaten up by charges, less than 4% of savings are actually invested at all (the rest spends its life as abstract "financial" assets"), the system is prone to asset bubbles and crashes, returns have been driven down by the system itself to close to zero making a pension unaffordable, the level of debt in the economy has increased unsustainably.
So how would a better system work? The government currently supports, promotes and sets incentives based on flawed economic theories to promote a system that doesn't work. What needs to happen is as a society we need to decide on what we want finance to do and set incentives to achieve these outcomes.
In return for the continued support of the finance system, the finance industry should have to demonstrate that it is socially useful. Banks that have the right to create money and are guaranteed by governments should preference lending to create jobs and other social benefits (at the moment the proportion of lending to the "real" economy is a rounding error). To benefit from a tax rebate, pensions and savings products would have to be impact investors (show that investments have a positive social benefit) or invest in sustainable infrastructure and research and development. The sustainable finance tools to do this exist and have been tried and tested over an extended period.
Defining what is socially useful is problematic, but it is not a problem that we can duck. Currently the government support for finance is justified ethically – theoretically efficient free markets, ensure that the economy runs at maximum potential. This maybe a worthy value, but it does not apply to our current non-free financial markets. We need to decide what values we want finance to embody, and then set the rules to achieve this.


It can certainly be said that of well-known classic cocktails, the Blood and Sand suffers from a less-than-cuddly reputation. It could be the name, and it could be the ingredients. I certainly doubted the worth of the drink until I tasted it for the first time. On paper, it looks awful, which is one of the things I love about it. Modern cocktailing suffers from a number of disturbing trends, one of which is that many cocktails I find in bars and restaurants look amazing on paper but fail to deliver once mixed and served. Good cocktails are good for one reason only: they taste great. The Blood and Sand is no exception. When pressed, I might even say it's my favorite cocktail.
As with many classic drinks, not much is known about the cocktail's origins. But that doesn't stop the Internet from being rife with details. The most common story is that it was invented to celebrate the premier of the 1922 film Blood and Sand, starring Rudolph Valentino as a matador. Most will also say that it was made with blood orange juice. (An understandable assumption given the cocktail's name.) The truth is that the first printed mention of the drink is in Harry Craddock's 1930 volume, The Savoy Cocktail Book. Unlike modern cocktail books, this volume lacked flowery descriptions of the recipes within it. (Mr. Craddock was probably betting on smarmy bloggers taking care of that a few generations later.) His recipe was simple: equal parts scotch, Italian vermouth (sweet vermouth), cherry brandy and orange juice.
It could be that the story of the blood orange cocktail invented for the premier of a film is true, simply being passed down orally until later being written down. I can find no record of anyone coming forward with evidence to disprove this story. But, the tale could have just as easily been made up by someone writing about the drink, later to be taken as fact. Ultimately, it doesn't matter how the drink came about. What matters is that it is truly delicious when made properly. When thinking about cocktails, the most important thing to consider is the taste. It all starts with ingredients.
Many people make the mistake of using a very lightly-peated or unpeated scotch. I've seen recipes calling for Glenlivet, Dewar's, Oban and others. These scotches get overwhelmed by the other ingredients and disappear into the background. This leads some to worry that the Blood and Sand needs to taste "more like scotch," and ambitious cocktailers often try to remedy this perceived imbalance by changing the proportions of the drink to increase the amount of scotch present, and/or using a total smoke-bomb. People who do this are missing the point.
Yes, there are some old cocktail recipes that just don't work. For example, I will never agree with the "French school" view on the sidecar, a recipe that calls for equal parts lemon juice, cointreau and cognac. I, and most other people, find that to be un-palatable. Then the "English school" emerged, thanks (once again) to none other than Harry Craddock, who published an updated ratio for the drink in his 1930 Savoy Cocktail Book: 2 parts brandy to one part each of Cointreau and lemon juice. Most would agree this is a much better drink. We should all recognize that Craddock was a good judge of taste in this case, yet chose to preserve the equal-parts ratio for the Blood and Sand. Surely, he had a reason. Indeed, in the case of the Blood and Sand, we should seek not to reinvent the wheel, but rather to grease the axel: What matters are the ingredients; the proportions are perfect. In fact, they are vital.
Let us go back to the question of the scotch. Harry Craddock was working at the Savoy Hotel in London when he published his famous cocktail guide. The odds are very good that he was using something common: Johnnie Walker, or something like it. I certainly doubt that he was using anything light and delicate. (Sorry Glenlivet fans, but scotch makers weren't widely using bourbon barrels for aging until the late 1930's. In Harry Craddock's London, the scotch would have been a bolder sherry-aged spirit). If we use Johnnie Walker Black Label as a benchmark, what this cocktail needs is something smokey and flavorful that will shine through to join (but not overpower) the other ingredients. Ardbeg or Laphroaig, although amusing to use, do not make for the best drink.
Lately, I have taken a liking to using Highland Park 12 in the Blood and Sand. It is well-rounded, smoky enough, but not so bold as to dominate the drink. It plays fair with the other ingredients. Sadly (but justifiably) the stuff is not cheap. Johnnie Walker Black Label works wonderfully, is affordable, and is likely authentic when it comes to replicating the cocktail as it was intended.
Some would have you believe that the cocktail has always been made with Cherry Heering. Of course it's possible that this was the very liqueur the Blood and Sand was first made with. Peter Heering's famous cordial has been the gold standard in cherry brandy for many, many years. But there were, and are, many other brands.
It is important to distinguish between "cherry brandy," a term used for sweet cherry flavored liqueur that doesn't necessarily have to contain any brandy at all, and cherry eau-de-vie, commonly known as Kirschwasser, or Kirsch. Kirsch, though delicious, has no business being in a Blood and Sand. I have also seen it happen that, in the absence of Cherry Heering, inexperienced bartenders and uninformed amateurs at home will try substituting Luxardo's famous Maraschino liqueur. Anyone familiar with both products knows that this is not a wise choice, as the two liqueurs have little in common other than cherries.
It's not much of a stretch to presume that Cherry Heering was the very "cherry brandy" that Harry Craddock used at the American Bar at London's Savoy Hotel all those years ago. But I'm going to stick my neck out here and say that if he wasn't using it, he should have been. You won't find a better dark cherry liqueur on the market today, and evidence suggests that in the past 100 years at least, the product hasn't changed much. You shouldn't make a Blood and Sand without using Cherry Heering. Period.
Craddock's recipe calls for "Italian vermouth." At the time, this was understood as meaning sweet, red vermouth, whereas "French vermouth" referred to the dry, white variety. Nowadays, of course, you can find sweet and dry vermouth from both countries, as well as a variety of other places. But I see no reason to try anything fancy by diverging from Craddock's description. So, Italian vermouth it is. Punt e Mes is one of my favorite vermouths, but it's far too bitter for this cocktail. Carpano's other, more well-known vermouth, Antica Formula, is also disqualified. Although delicious, the vanilla in the recipe ends up being rather conspicuous in the finished cocktail.
My favorite Italian vermouth at the moment, and one I think goes best in this particular drink, is Cocchi Vermouth di Torino, a spectacular vermouth made from a 1891 recipe. This is a vermouth well-worth sipping on its own, a necessary quality in anything you are going to mix into a drink.
Here is perhaps the biggest point of contention when it comes to the Blood and Sand. It is a common misconception that the original recipe for the Blood and Sand called for blood orange juice. There are some who say that this is the "blood" in the cocktail's name. It's an odd notion, actually, considering that the red hues of both Cherry Heering and sweet vermouth could both just as easily be "blood." I prefer to see things that way, with the scotch and the orange juice representing the "sand." Harry Craddock certainly doesn't specify anything more than "orange juice" in his recipe. Although, of course, it's possible that the cocktail's creator used blood orange juice, there's no real reason to believe this is so.
As it turns out, blood orange juice is quite delicious in this cocktail. The tart, grapefruity notes of the juice lend an interesting character to the drink. But blood orange juice should by no means be considered necessary, and in fact I may prefer the juice of a simple Valencia orange over it. What is most important to consider, above all, is that whatever juice you use must be freshly squeezed.
I like 1oz across the board. It yields a drink big enough to say I mean business, but not so big that it becomes indulgent (not to mention tasteless). My general rule is: Always keep your cocktail just small enough that passing up a second drink would be pointless and shameful.
When made correctly, this drink is nothing short of divine. If you prefer things differently, I would love to compare notes.
Posted on March 12, 2012, in Cocktails and tagged Blood and Sand, Cherry Heering, Harry Craddock, scotch, vermouth. Bookmark the permalink.	4 Comments.
Great read, Chaim! I have been served a Blood and Sand with Ardberg, and it was a most unwelcome smoke bomb. I'm with you on the Highland Park 12. As a guy who doesn't love overly-peated Scotch, this is my go-to for such cocktails. If you haven't seen it (or have and forgot about it) this is a great Scotch flavor map: http://bit.ly/A0aJ1R. This is how I discovered the HP 12 was as peaty as I was willing to go.
Look forward to discussing over a Blood & Sand at your bar, Sir!
I am familiar with this blog post, and the recipe. With all due respect to Mr. Haigh, I still prefer the classic proportions, and feel that the correct ingredients are the secret to the correct drink. In this case, the proportions are sound.


TORONTO, March 5, 2018 /CNW/ - The Canadian Federation of Independent Business (CFIB) and Chase Merchant Services (Chase) announced today they have reached an agreement to further support Canadian small business. CFIB members will benefit from exclusive rates on American Express (Amex) transactions.
"This new deal is a big step forward for small business and recognizes their importance to the Canadian economy," said Dan Kelly, President and CEO of CFIB. "Many of our members could see significant savings with the new offer, for some this could represent a rate reduction of almost 50 per cent. This will benefit CFIB members by lowering the cost of offering Amex as a payment option, while ultimately providing value to consumers with greater access and payment choice."
"Chase is excited to partner with CFIB to help support the growth of Canadian small business," said Rob Cameron, President, Chase Merchant Services in Canada. "Our partnership highlights the value of CFIB's 110,000 members and recognizes their collective strength."
Chase shares CFIB's commitment to small business across Canada. As a result of this partnership, members receive outstanding rates on all Chase transactions.
"We are excited to see Chase and CFIB partner to bring American Express acceptance to more small merchants," said Kerri-Ann Santaguida, Vice-President & General Manager, Merchant Services, American Express Canada. "This is part of our ongoing commitment to the small business community, designed to make it easier for them to do business with us by enabling acquirers like Chase to provide payment processing, servicing and pricing to small merchants."
More details on this exclusive partnership are available at cfib.ca/chase.
CFIB is Canada's largest association of small and medium-sized businesses with 110,000 members across every sector and region. Learn more at cfib.ca.
Merchant Services is the global payment acceptance and merchant acquiring business of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and a leading provider of payment, fraud management and data security solutions, capable of authorizing transactions in more than 130 currencies. JPMorgan Chase passed $1 trillion in merchant processing volume the past two years and was ranked the world's #1 wholly-owned merchant acquirer by volume by The Nilson Report.


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463 FM 1488, Suite 119
Conroe, TX 77384 United States
Surgical Laser
Therapeutic PRP
Health Certificates for Travel
Genetic Health Analysis
Your Pet's Medications
Meet the friendly staff at Triangle Animal Clinic!
Client Services Representative
After spending the first seventeen years of her life in the cold mid-western states of Minnesota and Iowa, Penny found herself deep in the steamy heart of Texas. Her childhood was filled with tons of animals, dogs, cats, hamsters, rats, lizards, you name it this kid had one. 'In my travels and life experiences, I have learned that sometimes the best way to help people, is to help their animals.'
Penny graduated from A&M Consolidated High School in 2003, she began working in the Evans Library and on to the research lab while deciding what path she wanted to take. She earned a Bachelors in Victim Study Services and a minor in Psychology from Sam Houston State University in 2010.
Prior to joining Triangle Animal Clinic in 2016, Penny was given the opportunity to work on different aspects of animal and veterinary care. While still a young college student, she started in the research lab cleaning and then moved on to assist with some of the projects. After moving to the Houston area, she was offered a position with the Houston SPCA. There she learned a vast amount of veterinary knowledge, from cruelty case factors to emergency situations, basic medicine, and the bond humans have with their companions. The next three years, she spent as a client service representative for a large pet hospital in The Woodlands.
Penny says the best thing about working at Triangle Animal Clinic is the overall family feel the staff has for each other and the fact that everyone works together so well.
In her free time, she enjoys reading, swimming, sleeping, visiting her extended family, and playing with all of her pets.
We will do our best to accommodate you and your busy schedule. Schedule an appointment today!
Triangle Animal Clinic
"I brought Pumpkin to see Dr. Hadash. He was very professional and thorough. He took the necessary tests and prescribed the necessary meds. Dr. Hadash is excellent."
Wanda A.
Michael W.
"They were great at explaining everything and treated me and my dog very well. They spoiled my dog with a few treats which she loved."


Product Description: The ultimate shirt-pocket sized meter. Only 3/8in thick and less than 3 oz in weight with full functionality offering ac and dc voltage to 600 V,ac and dc current to 2000 micro A, resistance to 6 Megohm, capacitance to 2000 micro F, frequency to 30 kHz, diode test and continuity w/beeper. It also offers VolTect, a built-in, non-contact voltage detector for ac voltages.
Another key feature is AutoTect, which automatically selects between ac voltage, dc voltage or resistance measurement based on the test point to which the leads are connected. Fully autoranging, this meter offers nine different measurement functions plus features that are usually found in much more expensive and larger meters.
The digital display is over sized with large digits and unit icons in the display. In spite of its size, this meter is fully safety rated to CAT III 300 V, CAT II 600 V and is UL listed.No other meter this small offers such performance and high safety ratings. Includes a silicone protective holster, deluxe carrying case,attached test leads, battery and manual.


text:
00:17 Business Divisions
01:28 Geographical Exposure
01:59 Track Record
02:39 Germany: Wind Energy Capacity
03:12 Germany: Solar Energy Expansion
03:25 Renewable Energy Goal
04:02 Growth Model
04:55 Most Important Asset
05:51 Central Strategic Thrust
06:51 Successful H1/2021
08:11 Project Pipeline
10:05 Overview Share Information
11:41 Medium Term Target
Energiekontor Video Library
Mary-Somerville-Straße 5
phone +49 421-3304-126
A solid business policy and a lot of experience in renewable energies: That's what Energiekontor has stood for in more than 30 years. Founded in Bremerhaven in 1990, the company is one of the pioneers in the industry and is now one of Germany's leading project developers. Its core business ranges from the planning and construction to the operational management of wind farms in Germany and abroad and was expanded in 2010 to include solar energy.
In addition, Energiekontor operates wind and solar farms with a nominal output of more than 310 megawatts in its own portfolio. Energiekontor AG also aims to play a pioneering role in economic terms and to realise the first wind and solar parks in all target markets at market prices as quickly as possible, independently of state subsidies.
In addition to its headquarters in Bremen, Energiekontor has offices in Bremerhaven, Hagen im Bremischen, Aachen, Augsburg, Bernau bei Berlin and Potsdam. The company also has offices in England (Leeds), Scotland (Edinburgh, Glasgow), Portugal (Lisbon), USA (Houston/Texas and Rapid City/South Dakota) and France (Toulouse, Rouen).
The proud balance sheet since the company was founded: 128 realised wind farms and 12 solar parks with a total output of more than 1 gigawatt. This corresponds to an investment volume of 1.8 billion euros.
The Company went public on 25 May 2000. The Energiekontor AG share (WKN 531350 / ISIN DE0005313506) is listed in the General Standard of the German Stock Exchange in Frankfurt and can be traded on all German stock exchanges.
Peter Alex
Head of Investor Relations | Energiekontor AG


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Culture March 20, 2018
The Confused Arab Returns to Sikka With a Powerful Exploration of Identity
Hawa City photographed by Abby Kemp
Hawa City photographed by Abby Kemp. Diptyque by Amel Benaoudia
Following his highly-successful Hammam Tomorrow installation showcased during last year's edition of Sikka Art Fair, Sofiane Si Merabet— More commonly known as The Confused Arab— returns to the 10-day art event in Dubai's historic Al Bastakiya neighborhood with a thought-provoking installation entitled Hawa City. An imaginary airport, Hawa City is a continuation of Hammam Tomorrow in that it continues to explore the complexity of Arab identity.
For the installation, the Algerian "cultural cartographer" was inspired by his countless travels. "I quickly realized how airports are to some extent very segmented places. You find yourself with thousands of people, all who are going in different directions, traveling for different reasons," he says to Vogue.me. "So I started to wonder, who is this guy buying fragrance at the Duty Free and who is he buying it for? And who's this girl wearing pink sweatpants, and why is she here? Airports show us alterity in a very straightforward way. Lounges versus waiting areas, or visa versus no visa."
Hawa City is split into two rooms. The first room is called "Suspended Gate", and contains walls plastered with posters of passports of countries with substantial Arab diasporas to symbolize the dual identities a lot of Arabs have. Here, Si Merabet holds out a row of cards, face down, which represent different passports. Each visitor is invited to randomly select a "nationality" to illustrate how we don't get to choose our country of origin.
Photographed by Abby Kemp
The room is split into two seated areas based on the "passport" that guests choose. For instance, those who select a nationality that doesn't require a visa to travel around are made to sit on one side, meanwhile, those who pick a nationality that requires a visa to visit most destinations sit on the other.
"I am a French citizen, so every time I travel to Europe I use the European Union line, which is the quickest versus having to wait to go through customs, like many other people," he says. He goes on to explain that his first reality check came when Britain unexpectedly decided to exit the European Union in 2016. "I immediately thought, will British nationals need a visa to travel around Europe now?"
Si Merabet, who also holds an Algerian passport, admits that he only uses it when he visits his family in the North African country. "At the custom border in Algiers, you don't have an express line for Algerian citizens, but I find myself with two passports, French and Algerian, to justify my identity. I got inspired by this as it has always reminded me of a card game, depending on who you have in front of you, you have to use the right card," he says nodding towards a castle of cards layered on top of each other to represent the fragility of identity.
Guests are asked to remove their shoes before they enter the second room, a prayer-like space. Dubbed "The Scanner," visitors are invited to watch a wall projection of a number of objects, such as olive oil, symbolically seized from the Arab world. The space is littered with plastic-covered suit cases and airport scanner trays that read "work", "love", "security", and "family" to depict the main reasons why people migrate to other parts of the world. "If the scanner is a reference to the physical scan and loss of intimacy we are facing in this common process in airports, the mosque carpet is an invitation to a personal scan and to find or share any emotional baggage we might have," says the artist.
Hawa City is open to the public until March 26. Admission is free.
This Algerian Artist Imagines the Hammam of the Future
Iconic New York Celebrity Hot Spot to Launch in Dubai
Beyoncé and Meghan Markle Shared a Style Moment at The Lion King Premiere in London
Trump Tells Democratic Congresswomen of Color to Leave the US
10 of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid's Wisest Quotes to Live By


The Decatur Legacy Park master planning process wasn't just an exercise in visioning. It was also a means by which the Decatur community voiced and prioritized its values. Those values, including affordable housing, are now embedded in our long-term goals for the property. The property's master plan identifies two areas — the North and South Villages — for housing. But exactly what form should such housing take? What scale and design can best address this pressing need while also remaining sensitive to the character of the historic campus and its surrounding neighborhoods?
Please join us Saturday, April 13, from 9am-Noon as we drill down on exactly how, within the context of Decatur Legacy Park, we might serve that need most effectively. This is a pivotal, hands-on opportunity for affordable housing stakeholders and the broader Decatur community to make a substantive contribution to our city's long-term affordability, as well as to the related diversity and inclusion ambitions that inform it. A facilitated, 3-hour event, the workshop is open to all and will focus on activities — both indoors and, weather-permitting, outdoors — that help visualize and rank different housing approaches.


I am a coach and I am all about action, optimization, evolving, challenge and moving forward.
And after action comes rest, rest brings relaxation and healing.
There are spaces in your life where you need peace, the opportunity to drop your weapons and shift from battle mode to comfort mode.


Jersey Pride has attended Reach The Beach every year since 2007!
Over the years, the northeast program has won numerous national championships at the event and this year they are bringing 10 of their 11 teams to compete for titles.
Jersey Pride's Small Senior Level 5 team, Liberty, is sure to put on one of the most entertaining routines of the weekend. Liberty has a fun Miss America theme this season and their music takes you through a pageant and makes you feel like you are on stage in Atlantic City!
The program's favorite part about traveling to competitions is the support system the teams have built for each other and the memories they make throughout the entire weekend.
Can't make it to Ocean City to watch Jersey Pride compete live? We've got you covered! Watch it all LIVE on Varsity TV!


Return assumptions are for illustrative purposes only and are not a prediction or a projection of return. Return assumption is an estimate of what investments may earn on average over a ten year period. Actual returns may be higher or lower than those shown and may vary substantially over shorter time periods.
Investing in the bond market is subject to risks, including market, interest rate, issuer, credit, inflation risk, and liquidity risk. The value of most bonds and bond strategies are impacted by changes in interest rates. Bonds and bond strategies with longer durations tend to be more sensitive and volatile than those with shorter durations; bond prices generally fall as interest rates rise, and the current low interest rate environment increases this risk. Current reductions in bond counterparty capacity may contribute to decreased market liquidity and increased price volatility. Bond investments may be worth more or less than the original cost when redeemed. High-yield, lower-rated, securities involve greater risk than higher-rated securities; portfolios that invest in them may be subject to greater levels of credit and liquidity risk than portfolios that do not. Currency rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time and may reduce the returns of a portfolio. Equities may decline in value due to both real and perceived general market, economic, and industry conditions. The use of leverage may cause a portfolio to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage, including borrowing, may cause a portfolio to be more volatile than if the portfolio had not been leveraged. Derivatives may involve certain costs and risks such as liquidity, interest rate, market, credit, management and the risk that a position could not be closed when most advantageous. Investing in derivatives could lose more than the amount invested.
This material contains the opinions of the authors but not necessarily those of PIMCO and such opinions are subject to change without notice. This material is distributed for informational purposes only and should not be considered as investment advice or a recommendation of any particular security, strategy or investment product. Information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but not guaranteed.


EXNESS QUICK REVIEW – WHY SHOULD WE TRADE AT EXNESS?
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Will the ICL Replace Lasik Eye Surgery?
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Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have considerably expanded the field of materials science in the past decade. Even more recently, various 2D materials have been assembled into vertical van der Waals heterostacks, and it has been proposed to combine them with other low-dimensional structures to create new materials with hybridized properties. We demonstrate the first direct images of a suspended 0D/2D heterostructure that incorporates C60 molecules between two graphene layers in a buckyball sandwich structure. We find clean and ordered C60 islands with thicknesses down to one molecule, shielded by the graphene layers from the microscope vacuum and partially protected from radiation damage during scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging. The sandwich structure serves as a 2D nanoscale reaction chamber, allowing the analysis of the structure of the molecules and their dynamics at atomic resolution.
Graphene (1), a single layer of carbon in a hexagonal lattice, is the thinnest imaginable membrane, with unique intrinsic properties. It has no bulk, and it interfaces with other materials through van der Waals (vdW) forces. This has made graphene appealing as one of the main components for so-called vdW heterostructures consisting of either only two-dimensional (2D) materials (2) or mixtures of 2D materials with structures of other dimensionalities (2, 3). One of the earliest examples of mixed-dimensional hybrid structures was the carbon peapod (4), in which a linear array of (quasi-)0D fullerenes (5) is confined inside a (quasi-)1D carbon nanotube. Recently, collapsed double-walled carbon nanotubes have been intercalated with C60 to form a nanoribbon-type peapod (6, 7).
Fullerenes have many interesting properties: They have a band gap under ambient conditions (8), can become metallic when doped, and even exhibit superconductivity under certain conditions (9). Fullerenes belong to the rare group of saturable absorbers and can exhibit peculiar ferromagnetic behavior at low temperatures and when polymerized (10–12). They are commonly synthesized by ablating graphite, a process in which defects are thought to cause the carbon lattice to curve into minimum-energy spheroids (13). In the carbon peapods, fullerenes can be studied in a confined and well-defined space without the need of a suspension. This has made it possible to directly image their dynamics and bonding under atomic-resolution electron microscopy (14, 15). However, fullerenes have also been reported to self-assemble into hexagonally close-packed islands on surfaces and exhibit epitaxial ordering on graphene and even on some transition metals (16, 17).
Here, we present the first example of suspended buckyball sandwiches, where C60 molecules are confined between two graphene monolayers. The resulting structures contain large atomically clean areas, allowing the direct study of C60 islands through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Similar to carbon peapods, the buckyball sandwiches are expected to have hybridized properties that could be suited for applications ranging from nanoscale lasers to spin cubit arrays and nanoscale mechanical elements (18, 19). Furthermore, alkali metal co-intercalation may turn it into a high-temperature superconductor (20, 21), similar to crystalline C60 (22, 23). We concentrate on understanding the atomic-scale structure of the sandwiches and the dynamics of the contained fullerenes. We observe the diffusion of individual C60 and find that they remain rotationally active during room temperature experiments. However, during continuous electron irradiation, some C60 first bond to form dimers and then fused peanut-like structures, which continue to rotate around the joint axis. This movement is hindered only for structures involving three or more molecules.
Our results show that individual molecules in a graphene sandwich can be imaged at atomic resolution. Previously, graphene encapsulation has been used to study small metal particles (24), colloidal nanocrystals (25), or other 2D materials systems (26, 27) through high-resolution electron microscopy. Encapsulation is known to reduce the rate of radiation damage (26, 27) and provide a sample support with a periodic structure that can be easily subtracted from the image. As an additional important feature, we find that the graphene sandwich provides a "clean" view of the molecules; the sandwich has only the contamination that is typical for graphene in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, whereas without the sandwich, no clear images of the fullerenes could be obtained. The sandwich further provides a nanoscale reaction chamber that is less constrained than the 0D fullerene cage (28) or the 1D "test tube" inside a carbon nanotube (15) for studying the structure and properties of individual molecules trapped between the layers.
The buckyball sandwiches were fabricated by thermally evaporating C60 onto commercially available graphene-coated TEM grids, followed by the placement of a second graphene-coated grid on top and bringing the two films into contact by evaporating a droplet of solvent (see Materials and Methods; figs. S1 and S2 show the general sample morphology, Raman spectrum of the sandwich, and the structure of the multilayers). The sandwiched C60 show remarkable stability under the electron beam, similar to fullerenes encapsulated in carbon nanotubes (14). On the basis of high-resolution images, it is easy to distinguish between monolayer and multilayer regions, with an example shown in Fig. 1A. Figure 1B shows an atomically resolved close-up, and Fig. 1C shows its Fourier transform, from which the two graphene layers (with a misorientation angle θGr ≈ 11°) and the fullerene lattice can be identified. Unlike on a single layer of graphene, the sandwiches also contain fullerene monolayers, whose edges exhibit nonlinear image contrast of the moiré pattern of the suspended graphene layers (fig. S3).
Fig. 1 Monolayer area of a buckyball sandwich.
(A) Sandwich with both monolayered and multilayered C60 regions and (B) a higher magnification of the region labeled b. (C) Fourier transform of (B), with graphene reflections marked by red dashed lines, and some of the fullerene peaks marked in yellow. (D) Model of a monolayer C60 sandwich (top and side views).
Using the graphene lattice as a calibration standard, we measured the C60 lattice spacing (the distance between the centers of the neighboring molecules) for crystalline monolayer regions. Surprisingly, this spacing (9.6 ± 0.1 Å) is 4 to 5% smaller than that of 3D crystallites (29). This distance is also smaller than in 1D carbon peapods, whose reported values vary from 9.7 to 10.0 Å (possibly influenced by the endohedral metal atoms present in some studies) (14, 30, 31).
To understand this change in spacing, we used atomistic simulations to calculate the equilibrium lattice constants of the molecules in bulk 3D and 2D C60 crystals and in a 2D sandwich (see Materials and Methods). The simulated sandwich consisted of two graphene nanoribbons with an orientation mismatch of θGr ≈ 11°, with a 7 × 20 array of C60 in between (Fig. 1D). For 3D C60, we found an equilibrium distance of 9.65 Å, whereas for an infinite 2D sheet, this distance was 9.62 Å. Hence, the mere dimensionality of the crystallites is unable to explain the observed monolayer spacing. However, in the simulated sandwich, the average equilibrium distance was 9.22 Å (with an SD of 0.15 Å due to directional anisotropy), which represents a contraction of 4.7% compared with the bulk value. Thus, despite the difference in the absolute distances, the interaction with the graphene sheets in the simulated sandwich compresses the C60 lattice, in agreement with the experiment.
Individual fullerenes are found to be highly mobile at the unconstrained edges of the C60 monolayers: Some C60 in the partially filled outermost row of Fig. 2A have occupied and vacated edge sites multiple times during the acquisition of subsequent lines of the scanned image, resulting in the "interlaced" appearance of the fullerenes. For example, the fullerene marked by an arrow has disappeared and reappeared at least 17 times during the acquisition of 100 scan lines (~1 s) in this region of the image. However, it typically remained stationary during the ~1 ms the probe took to traverse the molecule in each line of the scan. Evidently, it is possible to quantify even single-molecule diffusion in the sandwich structure using direct STEM imaging. Regardless of their mobility inside this area, it appears that the molecules remain confined in the graphene wrap and cannot completely escape.
Fig. 2 Dynamics of sandwiched fullerenes.
(A) An oscillating C60 at the edge of a gap in the fullerene monolayer, over which the graphene layers are suspended. At the location indicated by the arrow, a molecule disappears and appears at least 17 times during 100 scan lines. (B) Nudged elastic band paths and energy barriers for C60 diffusion along an edge of fullerene monolayer (vertical) and from one edge of the gap to another (horizontal). (C and D) A disordered monolayer showing a void propagating from location 1 to 2, and the C60 at location 3 escaping outside the field of view between the two consecutive frames.
To understand these dynamics, we also calculated the relevant diffusion barriers using the nudged elastic band method (Fig. 2B; see Materials and Methods and movies S1 and S2): one for a C60 diffusing along the edge of the monolayer (234 meV) and another for a C60 diffusing from one edge to another across the gap (371 meV). These values are in reasonable agreement with those reported for fullerene diffusion on C60 crystallites (32, 33). These energies are easily available from the electron beam, but these transitions might also be thermally activated at room temperature. From the second path, we could also estimate the barrier for moving the C60 inside the gap in the sandwich to be less than 5 meV. This explains why isolated fullerenes are never observed in the experimental images.
Different dynamics are observed in disordered C60 regions, as shown in Fig. 2 (C and D): In this case, voids in the C60 arrangement can propagate inside the lattice. For example, between the two shown frames, a void propagated from location 1 to 2, and a single molecule escaped outside the field of view from position 3. However, overall, this edge appears to be more tightly constrained by the two graphene layers, displaying no oscillations like those seen in Fig. 2A.
Next, we consider the rotation and bonding of sandwiched C60 molecules during imaging with 60-keV electrons. At least three types of modifications are possible: knock-on damage of the C60 [initially resulting in the formation of C59 (34), with a reactive dangling bond next to the vacancy], bonding between fullerenes, or the bonding of C60 to graphene; graphene knock-on damage is completely suppressed at this energy (35). Although the graphene lattice is clearly resolved in the original images of the time/electron dose sequence in Fig. 3 (A to C) (see the Supplementary Materials), no structure beyond spherical symmetry can be discerned for isolated fullerenes at the beginning of the sequence. Because the absorption energy of C60 on graphene is around 0.9 eV (36) and different absorption geometries are separated by <0.1 eV (16), even the graphene sandwich should not prevent C60 rotation under our experimental conditions. We therefore attribute the lack of internal structure of the C60 in our images to rotation, either thermally activated or driven by the electron irradiation. Throughout the sequence in Fig. 3 (A to C), all isolated fullerenes (unmarked objects) display only spherical symmetry, in contrast to clustered objects (marked by the yellow dashed lines) where internal structure is evident. Upon increasing the electron dose, some C60 clearly form bonds with their neighbors, becoming "locked" into a certain position and allowing their structure to be revealed.
(A to C) A dose series of a C60 sandwich, smoothed to reduce pixel noise, Fourier-filtered to remove the graphene contribution (fig. S4), and contrast-enhanced to maximize the visibility of the C60 structures (unfiltered images and images with different contrast settings are given as figs. S5 and S6). The blue dashed lines highlight the C60 that appear to be locked in position by two-directional bonding, showing a visible internal structure and those stationary due to polymerization with yellow color. The dimers (purple) and molecules with a one-directional bond (red) still appear to be moving, obscuring their internal structure. (D) STEM image of a pair of rotating C60 [IV and V in (A)] and a simulation of a rotating (left) and a stationary (right) C60 in (E). (F) A loosely bound pair of fullerenes and a simulated C59–C59 dimer with one bond in (G) and a tightly bound pair and a simulated C59–C59 with three bonds in (H) and (I). A typical peanut dimer in (J) and an image simulation of C120 in (K). The red dashes in (D) indicate the integration width of the line profiles plotted in (D) to (K).
Even more remarkable are the few fullerenes that appear to form a bond with a neighbor without fusing together (especially the blue and red dashed lines in Fig. 3, A and B). Consider, for example, the trimer marked with I, II, and III in Fig. 3A: Here, the fullerene I that is bound to two neighbors is presumably locked in its rotation and shows clear internal structure; however, those having been bonded only on one side (II and III) apparently still rotate (or oscillate around a ground state) because their structure is smeared out. The appearances of rotating and locked molecules are quite distinct, as revealed by the STEM image simulation shown in Fig. 3E; the molecule on the left is an average of 100 random orientations, and the one on the right is locked. On the basis of their appearance, we also conclude that the fullerene dimers or "peanuts" (37), highlighted by purple dashed lines in Fig. 3 (A to C), exhibit rotation around their longitudinal axis that smears out any internal structure (note the clear difference between the purple marked dimers and polymers with additional cross-linking marked with yellow).
Already one bond between two fullerenes should make the structure rotationally stiff because of the overlap of the p orbitals on the connecting C atoms. However, the energy input from the electron beam can overcome this barrier. Movie S3 shows a density functional theory (DFT) molecular dynamics simulation (see Materials and Methods) of a dimer where one molecule is prevented from rotating by fixing atoms on its back wall, and one atom on the side of the other molecule is given a high kinetic energy, emulating an electron impact. This mimics the situation where a fullerene is bonded by a single C–C bond to an already rotationally locked neighbor. As can be seen from the video, the simulated impact results in a noticeable rotation of the second molecule even while the bond is preserved.
We further analyzed the dimer bonding by measuring the apparent center-to-center distances (d) of paired molecules from Fig. 3A. For comparison, Fig. 3D shows a pair of free molecules (molecules IV and V), whose center-to-center distance d′ is set to 9.6 Å based on the average monolayer spacing. To extract the d of bound molecules, we fitted Gaussian line shapes to the outer edges of the intensity profiles and used the peak-to-peak separation (D) to calculate d = d′ + D − D′, where D′ is the reference distance measured for nonbonded molecules. Figure 3F shows what is possibly a singly bonded C59–C59 dimer with d = 9.6 Å (molecules I and III), closely resembling the simulated equivalent in Fig. 3G. (We also simulated the spacing of a singly bonded C60–C59 and a C60–C60 dimer with two bonds, yielding slightly larger values of 9.9 and 10.0 Å, respectively; see fig. S7.) An apparently more tightly bound pair (molecules I and II) is compared in Fig. 3 (H and I): This might be a pair of C59 molecules connected by three bonds, based on the measured d = 8.6 Å, matching well to a simulated value of 8.7 Å. The peanut structures are compared in Fig. 3 (J and K), where we see that the experimental structure (molecule VI) is slightly smaller than the simulated one, 8.5 versus 8.9 Å. However, stable fullerene peanuts will likely have fewer than 120 atoms and thus many possible structures.
In conclusion, we have created and characterized a mixed-dimensional sandwich heterostructure of C60 fullerenes encapsulated by two layers of graphene. The fullerene monolayers inside the sandwich exhibit a lattice spacing of 9.6 Å, ~5% smaller than the bulk spacing. Dynamics of entire molecules can be observed, with weakly bound fullerenes oscillating between different positions at the edges of 2D C60 molecular crystals where the graphene layers are suspended over nanometer areas, along with mobile vacancies in disordered 2D fullerene layers. Last, we observed the transition from rotating individual fullerenes through dimers with suppressed rotation to molecular clusters locked into position, allowing their internal structure to be revealed. The graphene sandwich thus provides a nanoscale reaction chamber, a clean interface to the microscope vacuum, some suppression of radiation damage, and a low-contrast background that can be subtracted from the image.
C60 was thermally evaporated at a pressure of ~10−5 mbar onto commercial graphene-coated TEM grids from Graphenea Inc. Before deposition, the grids were annealed for 30 min at 400°C in air, and the C60 powder was annealed for 120 min at 200°C under vacuum. The evaporation took place in a vacuum chamber (Mantis HEX deposition system) with the target at 100°C at a rate of ~1 Å/s, measured with a quartz-crystal monitor. A second TEM grid used for stacking was placed on top and adhered via the tensile forces resulting from evaporating a droplet of isopropyl alcohol (semiconductor-grade PURANAL, Sigma-Aldrich), followed by drying and then separating the grids with tweezers.
Atomic-resolution imaging was conducted using an aberration-corrected Nion UltraSTEM 100 STEM operated with a 60-keV primary beam energy, with a near-ultrahigh vacuum of 2 × 10−7 Pa at the sample. The angular range for the medium-angle annular dark-field (MAADF) detector was 60 to 200 mrad.
Raman spectra (fig. S1E) were acquired using an ND-MDT NTEGRA Spectra AFM/Raman instrument with a 473-nm excitation wavelength (2.62 eV) under ambient conditions. The output laser power was ~4 mW over a focused spot with a diameter of ~0.5 μm.
STEM simulations used QSTEM version 2.31 with a chromatic aberration coefficient of 1 mm, a spherical aberration coefficient of 1 μm, energy spread of 0.48 eV, and MAADF detector angle range set to the experimental range of 60 to 200 mrad. The illumination semiangle was 35 mrad. In Fig. 3E, to mimic the experimental contrast of the rotating fullerene, graphene was included in the simulations and, later, Fourier-filtered.
Most simulations were carried out with the LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) code (38), using an AIREBO (Adaptive Intermolecular Reactive Empirical Bond Order) potential augmented by a Morse potential for the intermolecular interaction (A-M) to describe the covalent and vdW interactions, respectively (39, 40). To study the intermolecular spacing and diffusion barriers in sandwiched C60 layers, we used a model supercell consisting of seven rows of C60 with periodic boundary conditions along the overlying and underlying graphene sheet edges. The misorientation angle between the graphene lattices was set to 11.6°, resulting in a moiré pattern periodicity of ~12 Å, which matched that in the experiments. This unit cell was repeated 5 and 20 times, resulting in a supercell consisting of 33,820 carbon atoms, including the C60 molecules. The total energy was minimized by relaxing the layers without constraints until the forces were <10−4 eV Å−1.
For bulk C60 crystals, we additionally compared these results with DFT, calculated using two different vdW functionals (C09 and DF2) (41, 42). We relaxed the minimal single-molecule unit cells of both 3D face-centered cubic and 2D crystallites using the plane wave mode in the GPAW simulation package (43) (600-eV cutoff energy, and 5 × 5 × 1 and 5 × 5 × 5 Monkhorst-Pack k-point meshes for the 2D and 3D cases, respectively). The results agreed with the A-M calculation in that there is no significant difference between the 2D and 3D spacing of the fullerenes in the absence of the graphene sandwich. For 3D bulk C60, we found 0-K equilibrium distances of 9.65 Å (A-M), 9.86 Å (C09), and 10.03 Å (DF2), whereas for an infinite 2D sheet, the distances were 9.62 Å [A-M; consistent with that from the study of Reddy et al. (44)], 9.91 Å (C09), and 10.02 Å (DF2).
For the diffusion barrier simulations, we cut out part of the fullerene-containing area of the model, created a gap inside the fullerene monolayer, and fixed the outermost rows of fullerenes and the edges of the graphene layers. The barriers were calculated using the nudged elastic band method (45) with a spring constant of 10 eV/Å.
To study the bonding of the fullerenes, we placed two C60 in the center of a 32 × 20 × 20 Å unit cell and relaxed their atomic structure using the C09 functional in the GPAW finite difference mode (0.19 Å grid spacing, Gamma point only) (46). To study the effect of irradiation on apparent bond length, we first removed one C atom from the second C60 and then relaxed the structure and then further removed another C atom from the first C60 and relaxed that structure, resulting in dimers with either one or three bonds. For the C60–C59 system, we further ran molecular dynamics simulations in the linear combination of atomic orbitals DFT mode (15-eV kinetic energy; movie S3) to simulate the rotation of the C59 caused by electron impact on one of the carbon atoms.
fig. S1. Overview STEM micrographs, electron diffraction patterns, and Raman spectra.
fig. S2. Structure of C60 multilayers.
fig. S3. Moiré contrast at the edges of the C60 monolayer.
fig. S5. Unfiltered version of the STEM micrographs of Fig. 3 (A to C).
fig. S6. Fourier-filtered views of the rotating and fusing fullerenes.
fig. S7. STEM simulations of merged fullerenes.
movie S1. C60 diffusing away from a row of molecules enveloped by graphene.
movie S2. C60 diffusing along a row of molecules enveloped by graphene.
movie S3. Bond rotation in fullerene dimer after a 15-eV electron impact.
, Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. Nat. Mater. 16, 170–181 (2017).
, Encapsulated C60 in carbon nanotubes. Nature 396, 323–324 (1998).
, Synthesis and TEM structural characterization of C60-flattened carbon nanotube nanopeapods. Nano Res. 7, 1843–1848 (2014).
, C60/collapsed carbon nanotube hybrids: A variant of peapods. Nano Lett. 15, 829–834 (2015).
, The energy gaps of fullerene C60 and C70 determined from the temperature dependent microwave conductivity. Zeitschrift für Physik B 90, 69–72 (1993).
, Electronic states and phases of KxC60 from photoemission and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Nature 352, 603–605 (1991).
, Optical limiting performance of C60 and C70 solutions. Nature 356, 225–226 (1992).
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, Buckminsterfullerene C60 and organic ferromagnetism. J. Phys. Chem. Solid 53, 1449–1455 (1992).
, Direct transformation of graphene to fullerene. Nat. Chem. 2, 450–453 (2010).
, Analysis of the reactivity and selectivity of fullerene dimerization reactions at the atomic level. Nat. Chem. 2, 117–124 (2010).
, Transmission electron microscopy: Visualizing fullerene chemistry. Nat. Chem. 2, 82–83 (2010).
, Structural and electrical investigation of C60–graphene vertical heterostructures. ACS Nano 9, 5922–5928 (2015).
, Self-assembly of C60 monolayer on epitaxially grown, nanostructured graphene on Ru(0001) surface. Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 013304 (2012).
, Sub-Kelvin transport spectroscopy of fullerene peapod quantum dots. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 233118 (2006).
, Solid-state structures of peapod bearings composed of finite single-wall carbon nanotube and fullerene molecules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111, 8374–8379 (2014).
, Design of C60-graphite cointercalation compounds. Phys. Rev. B 49, 17413–17419 (1994).
, C60 intercalated graphite: Predictions and experiments. Solid State Commun. 90, 357–360 (1994).
, Superconductivity at 18 K in potassium-doped C60. Nature 350, 600–601 (1991).
, Superconductivity at 8.4 K in calcium-doped C60. Nature 355, 529–532 (1992).
, Single-particle mapping of nonequilibrium nanocrystal transformations. Science 354, 874–877 (2016).
, The pristine atomic structure of MoS2 monolayer protected from electron radiation damage by graphene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 203107 (2013).
, Control of radiation damage in MoS2 by graphene encapsulation. ACS Nano 7, 10167–10174 (2013).
, A single molecule of water encapsulated in fullerene C60. Science 333, 613–616 (2011).
, Phase transitions in fullerene (C60) and the related microstructure: A study by electron diffraction and electron microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. 96, 7424–7430 (1992).
, Carbon nanotube and boron nitride nanotube hosted C60-V nanopeapods. J. Mater. Chem. C 1, 4518–4526 (2013).
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, Structural and electrical properties of an electron-beam-irradiated C60 film. Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 595–597 (2003).
, AIREBO-M: A reactive model for hydrocarbons at extreme pressures. J. Chem. Phys. 142, 024903 (2015).
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, Electronic structure calculations with GPAW: A real-space implementation of the projector augmented-wave method. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 22, 253202 (2010).
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Funding: This work was supported by the European Research Council Starting Grant no. 336453-PICOMAT and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under project nos. P 25721-N20, I1283-N20, and P 28322-N36. K.M. acknowledges support from the Finnish Foundations' Post Doc Pool, and T.J.P. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 655760—DIGIPHASE. J.K. acknowledges funding from Wiener Wissenschafts- Forschungs- und Technologiefonds through project MA14-009. Computational resources from the Vienna Scientific Cluster are gratefully acknowledged. Author contributions: R.M. and A.M. prepared samples. R.M., A.M., T.J.P., and C.M. performed STEM experiments. R.M. performed Raman spectroscopy. K.M., R.M., and J.C.M. analyzed experimental data. M.R.A.M., A.M., T.S., J.K., and K.M. carried out simulations and analyzed results. K.M., T.S., J.K., R.M., and J.C.M. wrote the paper with input and comments from all authors. J.C.M. conceived and supervised the study with cosupervision from J.K. and T.S. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors.
A two-dimensional petri dish of fullerenes in a graphene wrap allows electron microscopy observation of atomic-scale dynamics.


text:
Tara Chiusano
About Tara Chiusano
Tara Chiusano is a second year acting M.F.A. student at IU. For IU Summer Theatre: A Midsummer Night's Dream (Puck), Sense and Sensibility (Lucy Steele). Bloomington: My Children! My Africa! (Isabelle). Past credits at IU: The Tempest (Trinculo), Vanya & Sonia & Masha & Spike (Sonia), Mr. Burns: A post-apocalyptic play (Maria/Lisa Simpson), Occupants (Alma), King Lear (Cordelia). Regional: Actor's Express (Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson), Stage Door Players (Once Upon a Mattress), The Legacy Theatre (Keep on the Sunny Side, Harry the Dirty Dog), Georgia Ensemble Theatre (James and the Giant Peach, Camelot). Tara received her B.A. in theatre from James Madison University.
IU Theatre — Mary / Mrs. Smith
Love's Labour's Lost
IU Theatre — Moth
IU Theatre — Trinculo
Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike
IU Theatre — Sonia
At First Sight: Occupants
IU Theatre — Alma
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HomeAboutMediationCounsellingSupportContact Us
Trident Foundation
With head, heart & hand!
The Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has tended to make days long and sometimes chaotic. In these uncertain times, your priorities are likely to be changing as work, home, and travel arrangements are modified to adapt. At the Trident Mediation, Counselling, and Support Foundation Inc., we are working with you to arrive at the best solution and mode of delivery for support services, including mediation.
Tensions with roommates may occur as you feel isolated from the physical world around you. Unprecedented changes, such as the closure of many domestic and international borders and travel restrictions, could cause bewilderment. These changes are not forever! There are a time and season for most things, and regrettably, now is not the time to travel; physical distancing and self-isolation are required. We can introduce conventional approaches, techniques, and strategies to manage contested issues online or telephone-based mediation. We are available for you; we may be working from remote locations. However, we are still here for you, so if you have queries, please get in touch with us, and we will reply as soon as possible. In the meantime, be kind to yourselves and be safe.
Conflict management may include different and, at times, overlapping approaches, including conciliation, bargaining, negotiation, mediation, advocacy, adjudication or withdrawal. Tense relationships, conflicts over power may be identified and managed or ignored. It is often preferable to manage power conflicts by applying empathy, creative responses, meaningful assertiveness, purposeful expression of emotion, cultural sensitivity, and enhanced communication.
1. Mediation: The Context
Adjudication often involves the delivery of evidence and debate before an impartial third party, which determines the outcome of the dispute for the other parties concerned. When adjudication occurs, the evidence is delivered, and an impartial third party hears arguments from one or more litigants. Next, the third party makes a determinative decision about the outcome of a dispute. Adjudication usually results in a win or lose situation; arbitration and litigation are adjudication forms.
Broadly mediation is an agreement-reaching process where individuals can create accord between them in a cooperative, voluntary, and informed way. The National Dispute Resolution Advisory Council: Alternative Dispute Resolution Definitions (2000, p. 5) (as cited in s 30 in Hopeshore Pty Ltd v Melroad Equipment Pty Ltd) was defined thus:
Mediation is a process in which the parties to a dispute, with the assistance of a neutral third party (the mediator), identify the disputed issues, develop options, consider alternatives and endeavour to reach an agreement. The mediator often has no advisory or determinative role regarding the content of the dispute or its resolution but may advise on or determine the mediation process.
The mediator can provide you with opportunities to explore and name the sources of your conflict in a caring environment.
2. Mediation: The Process
Mediation may be a process to facilitate an agreement between people in conflict with each other should they both choose this option (Boulle, 2005). Mediation occurs when a mediator assists two or more parties to pinpoint contested issues, creating alternatives to arrive at resolutions. Agreements do not need to be consistent with precedents or prevailing standards in communities Often, the mediator does not give legal advice and may guide the parties through the process. You often set the scope of mediation in concurrence with the mediator. The mediator usually has no authority to determine disputed issues for persons. Mediation ranges from formal to less official responses.
During mediation, you might have opportunities, for example, to isolate issues you wish to explore later. Mediation may not continue, and sometimes you will reach a consensus. By way of example, you may develop promises between yourselves.
A disadvantage of mediation is that dominant people may attempt to subvert the needs of vulnerable people to meet their own needs. If you do not keep your promises, this can undermine a consensual process. Under these kinds of circumstances, the mediator may end mediation. Technologies such as computers and the Internet can enhance mediation.
3. Mediation, Computers, and the Internet
According to Kirby (1998), with the advent of computers and the Internet, "The speed, power, accessibility and storage capacity for personal information identifying an individual are now greatly increased." It is pivotal that frank and genuine communication happens for mediation to develop. Mediators may communicate separately with a person; the "caucus" is often confidential between mediators and you unless you agree to waive your confidentiality or a court determines otherwise.
Each of you undertakes to fully and honestly disclose all materials and writings as mediators request. Written and oral communications are theoretically often without prejudice settlement dialogue.
In sum, it seems to be preferable for several reasons that, wherever possible, individuals, couples, families, and groups can make voluntary use of options in conflict management such as mediation. Mediation happens in many contexts, including those linked to family, separation and divorce, parenting, property division, and human rights. For additional information, don't hesitate to get in touch with us.
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text:
#pragma once
#include <aws/pinpoint-email/PinpointEmail_EXPORTS.h>
#include <aws/pinpoint-email/PinpointEmailRequest.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/memory/stl/AWSString.h>
#include <utility>

namespace Aws
{
namespace PinpointEmail
{
namespace Model
{

  /**
   *
A request to change the warm-up attributes for a dedicated IP address. This
   * operation is useful when you want to resume the warm-up process for an existing
   * IP address.

See Also:
   AWS
   * API Reference

   */
  class AWS_PINPOINTEMAIL_API PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributesRequest : public PinpointEmailRequest
  {
  public:
    PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributesRequest();

    // Service request name is the Operation name which will send this request out,
    // each operation should has unique request name, so that we can get operation's name from this request.
    // Note: this is not true for response, multiple operations may have the same response name,
    // so we can not get operation's name from response.
    inline virtual const char* GetServiceRequestName() const override { return "PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributes"; }

    Aws::String SerializePayload() const override;

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline const Aws::String& GetIp() const{ return m_ip; }

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline bool IpHasBeenSet() const { return m_ipHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline void SetIp(const Aws::String& value) { m_ipHasBeenSet = true; m_ip = value; }

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline void SetIp(Aws::String&& value) { m_ipHasBeenSet = true; m_ip = std::move(value); }

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline void SetIp(const char* value) { m_ipHasBeenSet = true; m_ip.assign(value); }

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributesRequest& WithIp(const Aws::String& value) { SetIp(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributesRequest& WithIp(Aws::String&& value) { SetIp(std::move(value)); return *this;}

    /**
     *
The dedicated IP address that you want to update the warm-up attributes
     * for.

     */
    inline PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributesRequest& WithIp(const char* value) { SetIp(value); return *this;}

    /**
     *
The warm-up percentage that you want to associate with the dedicated IP
     * address.

     */
    inline int GetWarmupPercentage() const{ return m_warmupPercentage; }

    /**
     *
The warm-up percentage that you want to associate with the dedicated IP
     * address.

     */
    inline bool WarmupPercentageHasBeenSet() const { return m_warmupPercentageHasBeenSet; }

    /**
     *
The warm-up percentage that you want to associate with the dedicated IP
     * address.

     */
    inline void SetWarmupPercentage(int value) { m_warmupPercentageHasBeenSet = true; m_warmupPercentage = value; }

    /**
     *
The warm-up percentage that you want to associate with the dedicated IP
     * address.

     */
    inline PutDedicatedIpWarmupAttributesRequest& WithWarmupPercentage(int value) { SetWarmupPercentage(value); return *this;}

  private:

    Aws::String m_ip;
    bool m_ipHasBeenSet = false;

    int m_warmupPercentage;
    bool m_warmupPercentageHasBeenSet = false;
  };

} // namespace Model
} // namespace PinpointEmail
} // namespace Aws

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
namespace TfsRestApi.Services
{
    using System;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    using Microsoft.TeamFoundation.VersionControl.Client;
    using TfsRestApi.Services.Extensions;
    using MZMemoize.Extensions;

    public interface IBranchService
    {
        IEnumerable<string> Get(string source);
    }

    public class BranchService : IBranchService
    {
        ITfsService _tfsService;

        public BranchService(ITfsService tfsService)
        {
            _tfsService = tfsService;
        }

        public IEnumerable<string> Get(string source)
        {
            var branchItems = _tfsService.VCS.GetBranchHistory(new[] { new ItemSpec(source, RecursionType.None, 0) }, VersionSpec.Latest);
            var branches = branchItems[0][0].GetRequestedItem()
                .Children.OfType<BranchHistoryTreeItem>();
            var brr = branches.Where(b => b.Relative.BranchToItem != null && b.Relative.BranchToItem.DeletionId == 0)
                .Select(b => b.Relative.BranchToItem.ServerItem)
                .OrderByDescending(b => b);
            return brr;
        }
    }
}