text:
Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering (BESE)
Environmental Science and Engineering Program
Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali (12)
Sava, Paul C. (2)Stovas, A. (2)Choi, Yun Seok (1)Fomel, Sergey (1)View MoreDepartmentEarth Science and Engineering Program (12)Environmental Science and Engineering Program (12)Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE) Division (12)Journal
Geophysical Prospecting (12)
PublisherWiley (12)SubjectAnisotropy (3)Angle gathers (2)Migration (2)Anelliptical (1)Anisotropic (1)View MoreTypeArticle (12)Year (Issue Date)2014 (4)2013 (3)2012 (4)2010 (1)Item AvailabilityMetadata Only (12)
Anisotropy signature in reverse-time migration extended images
Sava, Paul C.; Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali (Geophysical Prospecting, Wiley, 2014-11-04) [Article]
Reverse-time migration can accurately image complex geologic structures in anisotropic media. Extended images at selected locations in the Earth, i.e., at common-image-point gathers, carry rich information to characterize the angle-dependent illumination and to provide measurements for migration velocity analysis. However, characterizing the anisotropy influence on such extended images is a challenge. Extended common-image-point gathers are cheap to evaluate since they sample the image at sparse locations indicated by the presence of strong reflectors. Such gathers are also sensitive to velocity error that manifests itself through moveout as a function of space and time lags. Furthermore, inaccurate anisotropy leaves a distinctive signature in common-image-point gathers, which can be used to evaluate anisotropy through techniques similar to the ones used in conventional wavefield tomography. It specifically admits a V-shaped residual moveout with the slope of the "V" flanks depending on the anisotropic parameter η regardless of the complexity of the velocity model. It reflects the fourth-order nature of the anisotropy influence on moveout as it manifests itself in this distinct signature in extended images after handling the velocity properly in the imaging process. Synthetic and real data observations support this assertion.
Prestack exploding reflector modelling and migration for anisotropic media
Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali (Geophysical Prospecting, Wiley, 2014-10-09) [Article]
The double-square-root equation is commonly used to image data by downward continuation using one-way depth extrapolation methods. A two-way time extrapolation of the double-square-root-derived phase operator allows for up and downgoing wavefields but suffers from an essential singularity for horizontally travelling waves. This singularity is also associated with an anisotropic version of the double-square-root extrapolator. Perturbation theory allows us to separate the isotropic contribution, as well as the singularity, from the anisotropic contribution to the operator. As a result, the anisotropic residual operator is free from such singularities and can be applied as a stand alone operator to correct for anisotropy. We can apply the residual anisotropy operator even if the original prestack wavefield was obtained using, for example, reverse-time migration. The residual correction is also useful for anisotropic parameter estimation. Applications to synthetic data demonstrate the accuracy of the new prestack modelling and migration approach. It also proves useful in approximately imaging the Vertical Transverse Isotropic Marmousi model.
Source-receiver two-way wave extrapolation for prestack exploding-reflector modelling and migration
Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali; Fomel, Sergey; Wu, Zedong (Geophysical Prospecting, Wiley, 2014-10-08) [Article]
Most modern seismic imaging methods separate input data into parts (shot gathers). We develop a formulation that is able to incorporate all available data at once while numerically propagating the recorded multidimensional wavefield forward or backward in time. This approach has the potential for generating accurate images free of artiefacts associated with conventional approaches. We derive novel high-order partial differential equations in the source-receiver time domain. The fourth-order nature of the extrapolation in time leads to four solutions, two of which correspond to the incoming and outgoing P-waves and reduce to the zero-offset exploding-reflector solutions when the source coincides with the receiver. A challenge for implementing two-way time extrapolation is an essential singularity for horizontally travelling waves. This singularity can be avoided by limiting the range of wavenumbers treated in a spectral-based extrapolation. Using spectral methods based on the low-rank approximation of the propagation symbol, we extrapolate only the desired solutions in an accurate and efficient manner with reduced dispersion artiefacts. Applications to synthetic data demonstrate the accuracy of the new prestack modelling and migration approach.
Effective wavefield extrapolation in anisotropic media: Accounting for resolvable anisotropy
Spectral methods provide artefact-free and generally dispersion-free wavefield extrapolation in anisotropic media. Their apparent weakness is in accessing the medium-inhomogeneity information in an efficient manner. This is usually handled through a velocity-weighted summation (interpolation) of representative constant-velocity extrapolated wavefields, with the number of these extrapolations controlled by the effective rank of the original mixed-domain operator or, more specifically, by the complexity of the velocity model. Conversely, with pseudo-spectral methods, because only the space derivatives are handled in the wavenumber domain, we obtain relatively efficient access to the inhomogeneity in isotropic media, but we often resort to weak approximations to handle the anisotropy efficiently. Utilizing perturbation theory, I isolate the contribution of anisotropy to the wavefield extrapolation process. This allows us to factorize as much of the inhomogeneity in the anisotropic parameters as possible out of the spectral implementation, yielding effectively a pseudo-spectral formulation. This is particularly true if the inhomogeneity of the dimensionless anisotropic parameters are mild compared with the velocity (i.e., factorized anisotropic media). I improve on the accuracy by using the Shanks transformation to incorporate a denominator in the expansion that predicts the higher-order omitted terms; thus, we deal with fewer terms for a high level of accuracy. In fact, when we use this new separation-based implementation, the anisotropy correction to the extrapolation can be applied separately as a residual operation, which provides a tool for anisotropic parameter sensitivity analysis. The accuracy of the approximation is high, as demonstrated in a complex tilted transversely isotropic model. © 2014 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
Research Note: Full-waveform inversion of the unwrapped phase of a model
Reflections in seismic data induce serious non-linearity in the objective function of full- waveform inversion. Thus, without a good initial velocity model that can produce reflections within a half cycle of the frequency used in the inversion, convergence to a solution becomes difficult. As a result, we tend to invert for refracted events and damp reflections in data. Reflection induced non-linearity stems from cycle skipping between the imprint of the true model in observed data and the predicted model in synthesized data. Inverting for the phase of the model allows us to address this problem by avoiding the source of non-linearity, the phase wrapping phenomena. Most of the information related to the location (or depths) of interfaces is embedded in the phase component of a model, mainly influenced by the background model, while the velocity-contrast information (responsible for the reflection energy) is mainly embedded in the amplitude component. In combination with unwrapping the phase of data, which mitigates the non-linearity introduced by the source function, I develop a framework to invert for the unwrapped phase of a model, represented by the instantaneous depth, using the unwrapped phase of the data. The resulting gradient function provides a mechanism to non-linearly update the velocity model by applying mainly phase shifts to the model. In using the instantaneous depth as a model parameter, we keep track of the model properties unfazed by the wrapping phenomena. © 2013 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
Mapping of moveout in tilted transversely isotropic media
Stovas, A.; Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali (Geophysical Prospecting, Wiley, 2013-09-09) [Article]
The computation of traveltimes in a transverse isotropic medium with a tilted symmetry axis tilted transversely isotropic is very important both for modelling and inversion. We develop a simple analytical procedure to map the traveltime function from a transverse isotropic medium with a vertical symmetry axis (vertical transversely isotropic) to a tilted transversely isotropic medium by applying point-by-point mapping of the traveltime function. This approach can be used for kinematic modelling and inversion in layered tilted transversely isotropic media. © 2013 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
Imaging by forward propagating the data: Theory and application
Zuberi, Akbar; Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali (Geophysical Prospecting, Wiley, 2013-02-27) [Article]
The forward (modelled) wavefield for conventional reverse time migration (RTM) is computed by extrapolating the wavefield from an estimated source wavelet. In the typical case of a smooth subsurface velocity, this wavefield lacks the components, including surface reflections, necessary to image multiples in the observed data. We, instead, introduce the concept of forward propagating the recorded data, including direct arrivals, as part of RTM. We analyse the influence of the main components of the data on the imaging process, which include direct arrivals, primaries and surface-related multiples. In our RTM methodology, this implies correlating the forward extrapolated recorded data wavefield with its reversely extrapolated version prior to applying the zero-lag cross-correlation imaging condition. The interaction of the data components with each other in the cross-correlation process will image primaries and multiples, as well as introduce cross-talk artefact terms. However, some of these artefacts are present in conventional RTM implementation and they tend to be relatively weak. In fact, for the surface seismic experiment, forward propagating the direct arrivals is almost equivalent to forward propagating a source and it tends to contribute the majority of the data imaging energy. In addition, primaries and multiples recorded in the data become multiples of one higher order. Forward propagating the recorded data to recreate the source will relieve us from the requirement of estimating the source function. It will also include near-surface information necessary to improve the image in areas with near-surface complexity. Data from a simple synthetic layered model, as well as the Marmousi model, are used to demonstrate some of these features. © 2013 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
Wide-azimuth angle gathers for anisotropic wave-equation migration
Extended common-image-point gathers (CIP) constructed by wide-azimuth TI wave-equation migration contain all the necessary information for angle decomposition as a function of the reflection and azimuth angles at selected locations in the subsurface. The aperture and azimuth angles are derived from the extended images using analytic relations between the space- and time-lag extensions using information which is already available at the time of migration, i.e. the anisotropic model parameters. CIPs are cheap to compute because they can be distributed in the image at the most relevant positions, as indicated by the geologic structure. If the reflector dip is known at the CIP locations, then the computational cost can be reduced by evaluating only two components of the space-lag vector. The transformation from extended images to angle gathers is a planar Radon transform which depends on the local medium parameters. This transformation allows us to separate all illumination directions for a given experiment, or between different experiments. We do not need to decompose the reconstructed wavefields or to choose the most energetic directions for decomposition. Applications of the method include illumination studies in complex areas where ray-based methods fail, and assuming that the subsurface illumination is sufficiently dense, the study of amplitude variation with aperture and azimuth angles. © 2012 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
A tilted transversely isotropic slowness surface approximation
The relation between vertical and horizontal slownesses, better known as the dispersion relation, for transversely isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis (TTI) requires solving a quartic polynomial equation, which does not admit a practical explicit solution to be used, for example, in downward continuation. Using a combination of the perturbation theory with respect to the anelliptic parameter and Shanks transform to improve the accuracy of the expansion, we develop an explicit formula for the vertical slowness that is highly accurate for all practical purposes. It also reveals some insights into the anisotropy parameter dependency of the dispersion relation including the low impact that the anelliptic parameter has on the vertical placement of reflectors for a small tilt in the symmetry angle. © 2012 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.
Application of multi-source waveform inversion to marine streamer data using the global correlation norm
Choi, Yun Seok; Alkhalifah, Tariq Ali (Geophysical Prospecting, Wiley, 2012-05-02) [Article]
Conventional multi-source waveform inversion using an objective function based on the least-square misfit cannot be applied to marine streamer acquisition data because of inconsistent acquisition geometries between observed and modelled data. To apply the multi-source waveform inversion to marine streamer data, we use the global correlation between observed and modelled data as an alternative objective function. The new residual seismogram derived from the global correlation norm attenuates modelled data not supported by the configuration of observed data and thus, can be applied to multi-source waveform inversion of marine streamer data. We also show that the global correlation norm is theoretically the same as the least-square norm of the normalized wavefield. To efficiently calculate the gradient, our method employs a back-propagation algorithm similar to reverse-time migration based on the adjoint-state of the wave equation. In numerical examples, the multi-source waveform inversion using the global correlation norm results in better inversion results for marine streamer acquisition data than the conventional approach. © 2012 European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers.


text:
AirBoss Announces Follow-On Order for Molded AirBoss Lightweight Overboots (MALOs) from the U.S. Department of Defense
By AirBoss of AmericaNo Comments
Newmarket, ON – AirBoss of America Corp. (TSX: BOS) (the "Company" or "AirBoss") today announced that AirBoss Defense, the defense products line of its Engineered Products segment, has received a second order under the previously announced indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity ("IDIQ") contract from the U.S. Department of Defense for the manufacture and sale of up to 600,000 pairs of Molded CBRN Lightweight Overboots (the "Molded AirBoss Lightweight Overboot" or "MALO"). As previously disclosed, the contract is expected to be worth up to an aggregate amount of US$26.7 million and, to date, AirBoss Defense has received two orders under the contract for 174,800 pairs of MALOs, worth approximately US$7.8 million.
"AirBoss has significant manufacturing flexibility that will permit us to deliver this new follow-on order through the balance of 2020 and beyond," said Chris Bitsakakis, President and Chief Operating Officer of AirBoss. "With this second order in hand, we now expect to deliver a meaningful portion of this contract next year."
The MALO, made with an injection-molded advanced specialty polymer, was originally designed and developed to provide superior physical properties and protection compared to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) overboots then in service, and fully integrates with all currently fielded CBRN Suits. The MALO has been broadly adopted worldwide and been used in more than 40 countries. To date, AirBoss has sold more than 445,000 pairs of MALO boots.
AirBoss Defense
AirBoss Defense is a world leader in the design, development, and manufacture of CBRN personal protective equipment, as well as protection against communicable diseases and respiratory threats, for the individual, First Responder, Medical, Military, Law Enforcement, Fire and Industrial communities. For more than 40 years, AirBoss Defense has supplied military and first-response forces worldwide with handwear, footwear, and respiratory protection from CBRN agents and extreme cold weather.
AirBoss of America Corp.
AirBoss of America Corp. is a group of complementary businesses using compounding technology and engineering expertise to create value for its customers. With a capacity to process over 450 million turn pounds of rubber annually, AirBoss Rubber Solutions is one of North America's largest custom rubber compounding companies and a leading supplier of essential calendered and extruded products for a broad range of applications. AirBoss Engineered Products is a world leader in the supply of life-saving products for the military and a leading supplier of innovative anti-vibration solutions to the North American automotive market. The Company's shares trade on the TSX under the symbol BOS. Visit www.airbossofamerica.com.
Contact: Chris Bitsakakis, President or Gren Schoch, Chairman and CEO at 905-751-1188.
AirBoss Forward-Looking Information Disclaimer
Certain statements contained or incorporated by reference herein, including those that express management's expectations or estimates of future developments or AirBoss' future performance, constitute "forward-looking information" or "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of applicable securities laws, and can generally be identified by words such as "will", "may", "could" "is expected to", "believes", "anticipates", "forecasts", "plans", "intends" or similar expressions. These statements are not historical facts but instead represent management's expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events and performance.
Statements containing forward-looking information are necessarily based upon a number of opinions, estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by management at the time the statements are made, are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive risks, uncertainties and contingencies. AirBoss cautions that such forward-looking information involves known and unknown contingencies, uncertainties and other risks that may cause AirBoss' actual financial results, performance or achievements to be materially different from its estimated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking information. Numerous factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking information, including without limitation: impact of general economic conditions; dependence on key customers; cyclical trends in the tire and automotive, construction, mining and retail industries; sufficient availability of raw materials at economical costs; weather conditions affecting raw materials, production and sales; AirBoss' ability to maintain existing customers or develop new customers in light of increased competition; AirBoss' ability to successfully integrate acquisitions of other businesses and/or companies or to realize on the anticipated benefits thereof, changes in accounting policies and methods, including uncertainties associated with critical accounting assumptions and estimates; changes in the value of the Canadian dollar relative to the US dollar; changes in tax laws and potential litigation; ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms; environmental damage and non-compliance with environmental laws and regulations; potential product liability and warranty claims and equipment malfunction. This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect any of AirBoss' forward-looking information.
All of the forward-looking information in this press release is expressly qualified by these cautionary statements. Investors are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking information. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking information attributable to AirBoss or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this notice. Forward-looking information contained herein is made as of the date of this press release and, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, AirBoss disclaims any intent or obligation to update publicly this forward-looking information except as required by applicable laws. Risks and uncertainties about AirBoss' business are more fully discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Information Form and are otherwise disclosed in our filings with securities regulatory authorities which are available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
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Uber unlike other popular rideshare companies allow dispatch requests from web browsers. ( https://m.uber.com ) You should also be able to create an account and get it verified with the use of your email …... Uber will send a confirmation link to the email address you provided. Once you click this link, your account will be fully operational and you'll be able to take your first ride. Once you click this link, your account will be fully operational and you'll be able to take your first ride.
Search the internet for a phone number or email for Uber. When you can't find one, try to use help in the app. After 5 or 6 automated replies referring to unrelated things, someone in Bangladesh will delete your rider profile and claim they've resolved your issue.
Uber's chief human resources officer Liane Hornsey sent an email to the staff to address the changes that will be made.
The receipt is always sent to you via email from Uber, and it contains the details of where you traveled, how much it cost, and the driver rating. Through this receipt you can select the number of stars you want to rate your driver, and it will automatically update the rating given you provide confirmation of the change.
Uber Eats is a food delivery platform and app powered by Uber. Restaurants, like yours, can use the app to get your food delivered to your customers. We promote your menu through the Uber Eats app, website and other marketing channels. When you receive an order, you prep it as normal and a delivery partner will pick it up and deliver it, fast.


With two dogs and a cat – I know how messy it can get. Even with nice feeders, there can be accidents and spills. Microdry loves pets and they love creating solutions to those messes that are both practical, helpful and most attractive!
The Microdry ultra-absorbent pet placemat offers a cushioned surface to secure a pet bowl, 2 or 3 on and has CoreTex Microfiber which soaks up any spills instantaneously. Spills are absorbed immediately and this will save you the time of actually wiping up after every meal. This is a great pet placemat and it is machine washable. I again am not a proponent of the dryer for any type of mat so I always suggest hanging this item after the washer. It is very quick to dry.
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The cats love Temptations and the dog loves Dingos!
My dogs love hot dogs.
Pearl's favorite snack is Zuke's Natural Minis in Salmon Flavor! She'll do ANYTHING just to get one.
My dog's favorite treat is an egg yolk.


text:
Q: representing a matrix by a column vector Below, $M$ and $A$ are $n \times n$ real symmetric matrices. We can define a column vector as
\begin{align}
    x := \begin{bmatrix}
           M_{11} \\
           M_{12} \\
           \vdots \\
           M_{1n}\\
           M_{21}\\
           M_{22}\\
           \vdots \\
           M_{nn}
         \end{bmatrix}\in \mathbb{R}^{n^2}\qquad (1)
  \end{align}
So now we can write the matrix in terms of this column vector by
$$
M_{ij} =: x_{n(i-1)+j} \ \forall i,j \in [1,n].\qquad (2)
$$
I understand this representation as it can trivially be checked for choosing values of $i,j$. But my problem is from here on.
The Kronecker Delta function can then be used to represent a matrix $A$ by writing
$$
\delta_{il}\delta_{jk} =: A_{n(i-1)+j, n(k-1)+l} \ \forall i,j,k,l \in [1,n] \qquad (3)
$$
which then leads to
$$
x^\top A x = \sum_{i,j,k,l}^n M_{ij}M_{kl}\delta_{il}\delta_{jk}. \qquad(4)
$$
How are equations (3), and (4) justified?  Is this obvious?  I am not able to see why. I am completely clear on equations (1) and (2) though.
I am looking for a thorough explanation or proof as to why (3), (4) are correct. Thanks.

A: In terms of the Kronecker product and vectorization operator, we could express what's going on as follows:
Let $e_1,\dots,e_n$ denote the canonical basis vectors of $\Bbb R^n$ (so that the $j$th entry of $e_i$ is $\delta_{ij}$).  Let $E_{ij}$ denote the square matrix $e_i e_j^T$ (that is, the $p,q$ entry of $E_{ij}$ is $\delta_{ip}\delta_{jq}$).
The Kronecker product is particularly useful since we can now write
$$
e_{n(i-1) + j} = e_i \otimes e_j
$$
Your matrix $A$ can therefore be written as
$$
A = \sum_{i,j=1}^n (e_i \otimes e_j)(e_j \otimes e_i)^T = \sum_{i,j = 1}^n E_{ij} \otimes E_{ji}
$$
With that, we now have
$$
\begin{align*}
x^T A x &= \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T \left( \sum_{i,j = 1}^n E_{ij} \otimes E_{ji} \right) \operatorname{vec}(M^T) =
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T(E_{ij} \otimes E_{ji})\operatorname{vec}(M^T)
\\ & =
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T \operatorname{vec}(E_{ji}M^TE_{ij})
= \sum_{i,j = 1}^n \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T \operatorname{vec}(E_{ji}M^TE_{ij})
\\ & =
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T \operatorname{vec}(e_j[e_i^TM^Te_i]e_j^T)
=
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n M_{ii}\operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T \operatorname{vec}(E_{jj})
\\ & =
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n M_{ii}\operatorname{vec}\left(\sum_{p,q=1}^n M_{pq} E_{qp}\right)^T \operatorname{vec}(E_{jj})
\\ &=
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n \sum_{p,q=1}^n M_{ii} M_{pq}\operatorname{vec}(E_{qp})^T \operatorname{vec}(E_{jj}) =
\sum_{i,j = 1}^n \sum_{p,q = 1}^n M_{ii}M_{pq} \delta_{qj}\delta_{pj}
\\ & = \sum_{i,j = 1}^n M_{ii} M_{jj} = \operatorname{tr}(M)^2
\end{align*}
$$

Here's the computation assuming that you meant to type
$$
\delta_{ik}\delta_{jl} =: A_{n(i-1)+j, n(k-1)+l} \ \forall i,j,k,l \in [1,n]
$$
as I explain in my comment.  In this case, we have $A = I \otimes I$ (which is to say that $A$ is the $n^2 \times n^2$ identity matrix) so that
$$
\begin{align*}
x^TAx &= \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T (I \otimes I) \operatorname{vec}(M^T)
= \operatorname{vec}(M^T)^T\operatorname{vec}(I\,M^T\,I)
\\ & = \operatorname{tr}(MM^T) = \sum_{i,j = 1}^n M_{ij}^2
\end{align*}
$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A United States Marine officer, notable as the most decorated Marine in history.
Puller, whose nickname was inspired by his barrel chest, was born in West Point, Virginia. He resigned from the Virginia Military Institute after his freshman year to enlist as a Private in the Marine Corps in August, 1918 (serial number 135517). American involvement in World War I was intensifying at the time; his reasoning for his enlistment is summed up in the (possibly apocryphal) quote, "I want to go where the guns are." Puller was unable to reach an overseas theater during the First World War, but remained on duty with the Marine Corps for the next 37 years. He was appointed to the rank of Second Lieutenant in the reserves on June 16, 1919, but reduction in force following the war led to his being put on inactive status on the 26th of that month.


text:
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class View_User_Reset_Valid extends Views {
	public $title = 'Reset password';

	public $token = '';
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


For one of our projects at eBay, I've been attempting to do a Poisson MLE fit on a large enough dataset that Fisher scoring is not feasible. The problem is that the data also has such large variance in the scales of the observation that stochastic gradient descent does not work, period — because of the exponentiation involved, you need to take a very tiny step size to avoid overflow errors, but this step size is shared by all the parameters, so you can't make progress in this way.
An alternative is adagrad, which maintains separate stepsizes for each parameter, but that seems to run into the same divergence issue, albeit much slower — slow enough that it's unclear to me whether the fit is actually diverging, or if it 'just' needs to run a couple hundred of iterations before it converges. So for the past week I've been massaging the initial conditions and amount of information I hard-bake into the parametrization of the problem to see if I can get Adagrad to work reasonably. Still no luck.
I just came across Raskutti's and Mukherjee's paper "The information geometry of mirror descent", which seems relevant to my situation and is a nice (albeit, in need of proof-reading) read. The main result of the paper is that the mirror descent algorithm associated with the Bregman divergence of a function \(G\) is equivalent to natural gradient descent in the dual manifold with metric tensor defined by Hessian of the convex conjugate of \(G.\) This sounds wonderful, because the connection between exponential families and Bregman divergences suggests that one can then perform a first-order optimization in a certain dual manifold, and reap all the benefits of having done Fisher scoring, a second-order algorithm, in parameter space. I have to reread the paper carefully to get a handle on the precise manipulations required, but this may be a nice alternative to Adagrad for my problem.
I wonder: is there a similarly geometric interpretation of what composite mirror descent does?
Update: A more readable recent paper, "Stochastic Discriminative EM" from UAI 2014, does a better job of explaining the interpretation of the dual manifold and has a very similar algorithm.


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We have downgraded our rating on Artemis European Growth fund to a 1 star sell.
This fund, managed by Philip Wolstencroft initially rated 4 stars in 2003 and in the subsequent years the fund performed very well. This was because the largely quantitative system behind it, SmartGARP, works best in directional markets.
Since 2008 therefore the fund has struggled and we think that the outlook over the next few years is unlikely to provide favourable conditions for the fund.
The fund has a bias to Growth stocks and has an overweight to Mid and Small cap stocks. For investors that want a fund with similar bias which represents a current top pick please see Schroder European Alpha Plus, Threadneedle European Select or Blackrock European Dynamic.


text:
Stories and Travel Info
Posts for World
Largest Zoos in the World
World Travel -	Amanda -	September 21, 2016
The following is a rundown of the 10 greatest zoos on the planet, which checks the real esatate of these zoos, as well as the quantity of species and creatures housed within them.
The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium
The Columbus Zoo and Aquarium sees 2.3 million yearly guests to its 580 section of land park. These guests excitedly pour into see the 793 species and 6,300 creatures housed in the inconceivable zone. The Columbus Zoo is separated into eight unique locales, each showcasing creatures from various parts of the world.
The Toronto Zoo
As the biggest zoo in all of Canada, the Toronto Zoo more than merits a spot on this rundown. Sitting at an incredible 710 sections of land, the zoo offers guests a wide range of segments to appreciate. These areas speak to various zoogeographical locales of the world, and contain 5,000 creatures of more than 500 species.
The Beijing Zoo
At 220 sections of land, the Beijing Zoo has a lot of space for creatures, furthermore for its numerous lovely lakes, lakes, blossom beds, and glades. The creatures are the center of the recreation center, obviously, and the Beijing Zoo is certainly not ailing in such manner. It contains more than 14,500 individual creatures, speaking to right around 1,000 unique species.
The Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium
At about a large portion of the measure of the Beijing Zoo, the Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquariumnevertheless comes in at 130 sections of land. Like the Beijing Zoo, it houses very nearly 1,000 distinct types of creatures, however holds them in more prominent amount, containing 17,000 people. The Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium is prestigious for its work in creature protection.
The Berlin Zoological Garden
The Berlin Zoological Garden is not spatially extensive. It sits on just 84 sections of land, so why is it in this rundown? All things considered, while considering whether it is the span of the zoo or the quantity of creatures which figure out which zoo is the biggest, it should come down to the fundamental fascination: the creatures. With around 1,500 species and just about 20,000 creatures, no other zoo can very match the Berlin Zoological Garden in such manner.
I cherish these zoos and need to visit all of them, thought I went by six of them. Zoos are not only for children, grown-ups can without much of a stretch visit them and appreciate an awesome nature and adorable creatures. Do you like zoos? What is the best zoo on the planet? Share your considerations please and a debt of gratitude is in order for perusing.
Most Popular Coffee Shops in the World
The accompanying ten cafés are among the most well known on the planet and it's understand why!
Balzac's Coffee Roastery, Toronto, Canada
Named after the fine essayist, it's little ponder that this artisan-style café is viewed as the best in all of Canada. In spite of the fact that it's positively a la mode, the shop radiates a glow that the finest bistros appear to see characteristically. In addition, the coffee is staggering pretty much as the wonderful climate is unrivaled.
Corlulu Alipasa Medresesi, Istanbul, Turkey
When you go searching for the Istanbul of the past, you'll want to take a seat on a sumptuous low divan at this old-world establishment and enjoy Turkish coffee the way it used to taste, the way it is always meant to taste. The experience is enchanting, but the exotic décor will seem as nothing in comparison to the rich brew served to you.
Caffè Vergnano 1882, London, UK
Serving flavorful coffee for around 130 years, this a la mode London's bistro is an unquestionable requirement visit fascination when you're nearby to see the ruler. Its environment is comfortable and even honest for such a historic point venue. While they now brag a couple shops in the city, the Charring Cross Road foundation is an absolute necessity see and entirely close Piccadilly Circus.
Kayaba Coffee, Tokyo, Japan
Situated in a hundred-year-old building, this great shop has been doing business since 1938. With only breathing room on the weekends, this swarmed shop serves delectably hot coffee to a populace that may not be as positively hitched to tea as you thought!
Coava Brew Bar, Portland, Oregon
Situated in a bamboo fabricating stockroom, Coava exemplifies that Portland soul of natural goodness and pays respect to the bean in its own particular gorgeously modern way. As sparkling as the cafés of Vienna, this is the absolute opposite of Euro-style bistros; be that as it may, their coffee can hang with the best of them and is set up by recompense winning baristas who take pride in each glass.
If you can visit any of these coffee establishments, you will understand what is meant by coffee greatness. It is easy to see why these venues are so popular among coffee lovers around the world. What's your favorite coffee shop?


Awesome is not a word I use often but when I saw Zoho Marketplace, the sound of my jaw hitting the desk was audible in the next street. What better way to get its collection of services working as the hub for other services that might build from Zoho products?
It's a good point. The way I'm hearing it, Salesforce.com's marketplace hasn't been super successful for the developer community. Zoho might prove different. It is appealing to a much broader swathe of customers than Salesforce.com which increasingly is trying to go up the enterprise foodchain. Zoho firmly positions itself as an SMB player so potentially has a huge global audience. Larger companies that develop solutions based around Zoho might choose to use the marketplace as a way of sharing what they have learned. If that happens then goodness gets spread around to much broader audiences. However, Zoho Marketplace still has to find its way in the world and if companies don't 'get' the value of what Zoho is offering then it will have failed.
For quite awhile I guess you could call me a "ZC Pusher", it was like the little kid selling lemonade outside of their house for 5 cents or something like that. Zoho Creator captured my attention and on many levels still holds it fast. What started as me pushing for a roadmap, turned into a relationship with the Zoho folks that has been simply awesome over the years. They are responsive and interactive so it made it easy working with them.
In closing, Zoho never ceases to amaze me with its speed to market, its inventiveness and downright utility. It makes you wonder why the Microsoft's of this world appear like lumbering elephants in all senses of the word.


Disallowance is an acceptable word in Scrabble with 18 points. Disallowance is an accepted word in Word with Friends having 22 points. Disallowance is a 12 letter long Word starting with D and ending with E. Below are Total 1015 words made out of this word.
Disallowance Meaning :- The act of disallowing; refusal to admit or permit; rejection.
Note There are 5 vowel letters and 7 consonant letters in the word disallowance. D is 4th, I is 9th, S is 19th, A is 1st, L is 12th, O is 15th, W is 23rd, N is 14th, C is 3rd, E is 5th, Letter of Alphabet series.


Richard Kelly is back, folks. And I'm having some difficulty making heads or tails of the trailer for The Box. Based on a Richard Matheson short story ("Button, Button"), it's about a couple played by Cameron Diaz and James Marsdon, down on their luck financially, who are approached by a creepy man (Richard Langella) and given a box. Inside the box is a button. The couple has 24 hours to decide whether to push that button. If they do, they will receive $1 million, but someone somewhere in the world will die.
Clearly, it's some sort of morality tale, but it appears from the trailer, at least, that there's something else going on as well (perhaps someone else also has a button, and one of them might be the victims).
Intriguing premise, and I like both Marsden and Langella, and it'd be nice to think that Southland was a small mistep for Kelly. But then again, Cameron Diaz's Southern accent is grating as hell. Why? I can't imagine that the character's Southern upbringing has anything to do with the story, so why the need for the accent? It's just distracting.
Anyway, check out the trailer. The movie comes out on October 30th.


text:
(Ibaraki, 5. lipnja 1976.) je japanski nogometaš.

Klupska karijera
Igrao je za Kashima Antlers, JEF United Chiba, Genk, Crvena zvezda i Portland Timbers.

Reprezentativna karijera
Za japansku reprezentaciju igrao je od 2001. do 2005. godine. Za japansku reprezentaciju odigrao je 55 utakmica postigavši 11 pogodaka.

S japanskom reprezentacijom  je igrao na jedan svjetska prvenstva (2002.) dok je 2004. s Japanom osvojio AFC Azijski kup.

Statistika

Vanjske poveznice
National Football Teams
Japan National Football Team Database

Japanski nogometaši
Nogometaši KRC Genka

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
About Last Weekend: The Comeback Kids
George Bridges/MCT
by Spike Friedman
In case you were busy trying to solve the Heat's chemistry issues using stoichiometry, here's what you missed in sports last weekend:
It was a weekend of big comebacks in the NFL as contenders Seattle and Indianapolis mounted stunning symmetrical rallies behind their Pro Bowl second-year quarterbacks to beat Tampa Bay and Houston, respectively, 27-24. When asked if they were disappointed to have fallen behind relatively poor opposition, both Seattle's Russell Wilson and the Colts' Andrew Luck replied, "It's easy to look at records and dismiss an opponent, but every team in the league is good." Then both men said, "There are no excuses in this league. Sure, we lost a top receiver to an ACL injury last week, but every team deals with injuries, and it's on me to avoid mistakes," before both said, "But what's special with this team is its belief and resolve." When asked if they were considering a presidential run after their careers were over, both men laughed and replied, "Well, I don't want to get ahead of myself but who knows?" Then both men pointed directly at the camera and said, "But I do know this: There's only one man standing in my way. And he knows who he is. And I will stop at nothing until I am the most powerful man in the world." Then both men let out uncharacteristically evil maniacal laughs, before clearing their throats and adding, "Go Hawks," and, "Go Colts."
In a battle of ACC unbeatens, Florida State throttled Miami 41-14 as they narrowly moved back to no. 2 in the BCS standings. "Don't worry, folks," said Seminoles head coach Jimbo Fisher after the game, "we're not gonna run up the score for no BCS computer. No siree, Bob." Fisher then pulled his sunglasses down to the tip of his nose, peered out over them, and said, "We're gonna run up the score because scoring lots of points is real fun."
Michael Carter-Williams and the Philadelphia 76ers stunned the Chicago Bulls 107-104 as they improved to a surprising 3-0 to open the NBA season. "Seems like everyone has the one that got away," Sixers general manager Sam Hinkie said when asked about his team's unexpected hot start. Hinkie then turned back to his TV, where he was watching film of Kansas's spring practice, and said, "a girl, a job, a dream. Something that got away. Not me, though. I've lived a blessed life." Hinkie then picked up his remote and rewound to a play in which freshman Andrew Wiggins made a no-look pass to a teammate and then crashed to rebound and put back the missed shot with an acrobatic dunk. He watched it, then paused, rewound, and watched it again before adding, "Not me. Not until now. I guess you can be lucky for only so long."
Ohio State extended its undefeated run to 21 games, the nation's best, under head coach Urban Meyer with a 56-0 rout of Purdue. "Blackjack!" Meyer yelled after the game, fulfilling his quota of "one fun moment per month," as was stipulated by his doctor upon his return to coaching football.
Nick Foles broke the Eagles out of their offensive slump, throwing for a record-tying seven touchdowns as Philadelphia dominated the Oakland Raiders in a 49-20 win. After the game, reserve quarterback Matt Barkley rode to the airport with his former head coach Lane Kiffin. "Look, kid, when you were a Trojan you were beautiful," Kiffin told his former quarterback, "you coulda been another Carson Palmer, and that skunk they got for a head coach, Kelly, he brought you along too fast." Barkley cut him off, "It wasn't him, Lane, it was you. I asked you if I should go into the draft and you said, 'This ain't your night! They're going for Luck and Wilson' My night! I coulda taken Wilson apart. So what happens? They're starting for title contenders, leading huge comebacks, and I get a one-way ticket to Palookaville! You were my coach, Lane, you shoulda taken care of me a little bit." Kiffin told Barkley, "You still got drafted, you saw some money," but a furious Barkley shot back, "You don't understand! I coulda had class, Lane. I coulda been a contender! I coulda been somebody, instead of a bum, which is what I am, let's face it. It was you, Lane. It was you."
Aaron Ramsey continued his scintillating form, providing a stunning goal as Arsenal stayed top of the Premier League table following their 2-0 win over Liverpool. The debate now rages: Of whom can the suddenly in-form Welshman best be described as being the Welsh version? Messi? Maradona? Johan Cruyff? Pele? The answer is all four. Therefore, Arsenal midfielder Aaron Ramsey will heretofore be known as the Welsh Johele Messadona, a nickname that Ramsey himself has deemed, "weird, if flattering, but mostly just weird."
Former Astros and Tigers catcher Brad Ausmus has been named the new manager of the Detroit Tigers, taking over for retired manager Jim Leyland. "Hey, Prince," Tigers star Miguel Cabrera said to his teammate Prince Fielder as the two men vacationed together with their families on the coast of Brazil, "what do you know about this Ausmus guy?" Fielder turned to Cabrera on his beach chair and replied, "Brad Ausmus? Guy was on those good Astros teams. Those teams could hit a ton. Man, remember the Killer B's? Why?" Cabrera rolled onto his stomach and said, "He's our new manager." Fielder smiled and said, "Finally, a guy who really gets hitting. Those Astros teams hit for days. Here, let me pull up his stats." Fielder shielded his eyes from the sun, and typed "brad ausmus hitting stats," into his phone. "Hold on, Miguel," Fielder said as the page loaded, "the service here isn't great. Oh, look here it is. Hey, do you want to get BBQ later or maybe something diff— NO! NO! WHY? WHY WOULD THIS HAPPEN?" Fielder threw his phone onto the beach before picking up handfuls of sand and pouring them into his eyes as he yelled, "Clean, must make the eyes clean. Dirty eyes! Dirty eyes!" A confused Cabrera picked then up Fielder's phone and looked at the screen. "Dude," Cabrera said as he heard his teammate writhing in pain, "it can't be that bad. And yeah, BBQ sounds … but but but but NO! YOU SAID THEY HIT A TON! WHY WOULD YOU LIE!" Cabrera soaked in year after year of below-average hitting before clocking himself in the head with Fielder's phone as he yelled, "THERE IS NO GOD! WE HAVE BEEN FORSAKEN!"
Filed Under: About Last Weekend, Arsenal, Chicago Bulls, Detroit Tigers, Florida State, Indianapolis Colts, Liverpool, Miami, Oakland Raiders, Ohio State, Philadelphia 76ers, Philadelphia Eagles, Seattle Seahawks
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In recent wage and hour news that our Riverside employment attorneys have been following, a well-known sandwich shop in New York City has agreed to pay over $5 million in back wages for minimum wage and overtime violations--the largest settlement in the New York State Department of Labor's 110 year history.
According to the state's Labor Department, between 2002 and 2008, Lenny's sandwich chain robbed over 800 low-wage workers at 11 city locations out of millions of dollars, forcing some employees to work grueling 12-hour shifts every day of the week, for a weekly wage of $275--which according to state wage and hour laws should have at least been $500.
New York Governor Andrew Cuomo claimed that this multimillion dollar settlement sends a strong message to New York employers that employee exploitation will not be tolerated and that the Labor Department will continue to work hard to protect the rights of New York employees, to ensure that they receive every dollar that they deserve.
Under the terms of the wage and hour settlement, the employees will reportedly receive monetary payouts based on the number of hours that they worked. The Labor Department has received $1 million in a down payment from the sandwich shop, and the remaining $4 million will be paid out over the next two years, with another $100,000 to be paid in penalties.
One of the former employees described his working conditions as being horrible, while he was doing food prep and deliveries for the sandwich shop. He claimed that he worked from 6 in the morning until 5 in the evening and was only paid $275. Any tips that he received were kept by the management.
Under the New York State Minimum Wage Act, employers must pay employees at least $7.25 an hour. Employees covered under the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), should receive at least the minimum wage of $7.25 for all hours worked, plus one-half their regular compensation rate for any hours worked over forty hours in a week, including incentive pay, commissions and bonuses.
In Orange County, California, contact Howard Law, PC today for a free consultation about your labor and employment rights. Call toll-free at 1-800-872-5925.