The Global Scar Removal Treatment Market is poised for exponential growth and is expected to attain a valuation of USD 15 Bn over the forecast period of 2013-2022, asserts Market Research Future (MRFR) in a detailed research report.
Market Research Future (MRFR) recognizes the following companies as the key players in Scar Removal Treatment Market: There are plenty of large and small market players which operate in this market all over the globe.
Absolute MS (S) Pte Ltd., TorquePharma, Cynosure Inc., Z-Roc Dermatology, WONTECH, Suneva Medical, Inc., Revitol.com, Biodermis, Scarguard Labs, LLC, Enaltus LLC., Merz Pharma, Asclepion Laser Technologies GmbH, and Avita Medical are the notable players in the global scar removal treatment market.
The present era of advertising and marketing reinforce a belief among people that beauty is correlated with appearance. Interestingly, physical appearance being a social phenomenon, people are overwhelmingly driven to opt for scar removal treatment by the desire to look flawless.
Increase in awareness and exposure to scar removal treatment procedures coupled with increased disposable income across the globe has generated high demand for scar removal procedures.
Rise in a number of accidents and social stigma attached to scars prompt individuals with scars to opt for scar removal treatment which boosts the growth of the market. In addition, acne scars are very common across individuals and generate massive demand for treatment for scars that are left behind by them.
Celebrity influence is a key driver of the growth of the global scar removal treatment market. Knowledge about celebrities undergoing such treatments supports the notion of the efficacy of such procedures.
New, innovative and effective product launches coupled with the availability of scar removal products through online channels also drive the scar removal treatment market.
Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures have also augmented the growth of the global scar removal treatment market. Cases of burns and injuries affect the aesthetic appeal of an individual and can be easily removed with the help of minimally invasive cosmetic surgeries without much pain.
Technological advancements in the field of scar removal treatment have made such procedures safer and effective which has been purveyed extensive research in the field by market participants. Tattoo removal also generates considerable demand for scar removal treatment market. However, high costs and side effects associated with such treatment process are likely to hinder the growth of the market over the forecast period.
The rapidly growing market for Scar Removal is fiercely competitive and fragmented with many well-established as well small & new entrants forming the competitive edge. Innovation, new technology launch and Brand reinforcement remain the popular trends for the key players in the market. The growth statistics of the Scar market presage the probable heights the market can reach further.
April 27, 2018 – Scientist from Department of Plastic Surgery at NYU Langone Health, (US) published their study evaluating PRP (platelet-rich plasma) – injection for facial rejuvenation and other cosmetic procedures that have reported positive results. According to the scientist, the research evidence supporting PRP for facial aesthetic procedures has some noteworthy limitations, such as lack of injection techniques and standardized PRP preparation and more studies are needed to optimize PRP treatment techniques. However, this study can be useful in guiding clinical practice.
The global scar removal treatment market has been segmented based on type, application, and end user.
By type, the global scar removal treatment market has been segmented into surgical, laser, topical, and injectable.
By application, the global scar removal treatment market has been segmented into keloid scars, contracture scars, hypertrophic scars, acne scars, and others.
By end user, the global scar removal treatment market has been segmented into hospitals, dermatology clinics, and others.
The Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East & Africa are the key markets for scar removal treatment. The Americas is the largest market for scar removal treatment owing to the availability of varied advanced scar removal products and treatments and greater affordability. In addition, elevated awareness and high investment in healthcare stimulate the market in the region.
Europe follows North America closely and accounts for the second largest share of the global scar removal treatment market. Recent advancements in technology in the region coupled with increasing uptake of laser technology in European countries drive the market in Europe.
Asia Pacific is a rapidly growing market led by countries such as China, India, and Japan. Increasing demand for scar removal treatment backed by rising awareness and growing disposable income supports the growth of the APAC market. Development of related technologies and high expenditure on healthcare is also a crucial factor in shaping the growth of the APAC market.


Welcome to out pre-part cocktail mixing game for cocktail connoisseurs! Pour, shake and serve! Our barman Miguel is in your hands, but watch out, he's a bit. Welcome to Crazy Bartender - cool and crazy cocktail mixing game for cocktail connoisseurs! Pour, shake and serve! Our barman Miguel is in your hands, but. Hey Friends!! Today I'll provide you a detailed insight on how to download Bartender mix for your Pc. If you love the job of a bartender, this game will be.
12 Sep At this moment, more and more people seem to be interested in playing bartender games, one of the most popular being Bartender Mix Genius. Download Bartender Mix Genius (Android) For Free on gelatimilk.com your mouse to play this Download to PC Download to Android. Bartender Mix. 28 Mar Bartender The Right Mix APK for Android. Download Bartender The Right Mix APK for PC. Play Bartender The Right Mix on pc with.
Help the bartender Miguel make the perfect Mai Tai! Choose from a wide assortment of drinks and mix them together in the perfect ratios to make the best. Help the bartender mix drinks in the right ratios for Miguel! Choose from a shelf full of different drinks that range from Vodka, Whiskey, Vermouth, Tripple-Sec, Gin . 4 Feb There is this game I love to play on my computer called Bartender Mix. On it we have to make several cocktails and drinks. Can someone tell.


Branscombe Mews - 4791 Steveston Highway, Richmond, BC, V7E 2K4, strata plan BCS664. This complex has 12, 2-storey townhouses built in 2004. Maintenance fee includes garbage pickup, gardening and management. This complex features beautifully landscaped and wrapped around backyard, 9' ceilings on main floors, 2 gas fireplaces, crown mouldings, alarm system, built-in vacuum, double side by side garage and low maintenance fees. This is a convenient location that is close to transit, Steveston Village, the Dike, Steveston-London Secondary, Westwind Elementary, James McKinney Elementary, John G Diefenbaker Elementary, Robert Alexander McMath Secondary, Safeway, restaurants, coffee shops, golf courses, nature trails, parks, Steveston Community Centre, recreation and much more! Direct access to major transportation routes allows an easy commute to surrounding destinations including Downtown Vancouver, YVR and Tsawwassen.
Crossroads are Steveston Highway and Railway Avenue.


Research Analyst Jobs in Integreon | Walkin Drive For BA, MA Freshers | 24th to 28th July 2017. Integreon is inviting applications from BA, B.Com, BBA, BMS, MA, MBA, M.Com students. Having Excellent verbal and written English language communication skills are required. Candidates can attend for the latest vacancies in Mumbai on given dates.
Must possess Research oriented and lateral thinking mind set and Flexibility to work in rotational shifts including night shifts. It is mandatory for every employee. This page will give the clear information about Integreon Walkin Recruitment in Mumbai. In this article, we have updated the latest information about Integreon Careers. So candidates who are going to appear for Integreon walkin drive have to prepare Integreon Written Test Papers which may help you for getting the good score in the test.
Job need candidates can start their preparation by checking out Integreon Model Papers which will be very useful for the applicants during their preparation. Contenders who perform well in the drive can only join in this post. Candidates who are interested and eligible can apply for Latest Freshers Jobs and for further details you can visit the official website.
Deliver accurate, complete and relevant business and financial information from multiple databases to meet a wide variety of qualitative and quantitative data requests for US, UK, and Asia based clients (bankers and consultants).
Conduct basic secondary and non-market research based on clients specifications with a high degree of accuracy, consistency and in a timely manner.
Compile Public Information Books and create Company Profiles.
Interact directly both by telephone and email with US, UK, and Asia based clients and counterparts.
Provide support to operations during time-critical situations.
Excellent verbal and written English language communication skills.
Research-oriented and lateral-thinking mind set.
Flexibility to work in rotational shifts including night shifts (Mandatory).
Preferred candidates from Finance background.
Candidates pursuing CFA and FRM can also apply.
Integreon is the largest and highest impact provider of integrated legal, discovery, research, and business solutions to professionals. We work collaboratively with clients to address their specific support needs in areas such as e-discovery, legal process outsourcing, market and competitive intelligence, and other business services.
Aspirants who had wished to work with Integreon can attend for latest job openings in Mumbai from 24th to 28th July 2017. While going to attend for interview candidates must carry proper Identity proof along with them. Sometimes security people will not allow into the company with out showing proper ID.
Job seekers who will attend after the closing date or closing time they will not be interviewed. Aspirants must check all the required details to avoid further complications. Keep on checking All India Jobs for regular job updates like walkins and off campus drives.


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marine drive, Marine Drive in mumbai
Events, Tickets, Adventure And Sports and Outdoors
Learn to Heal - With Shivani and Hari - With Shivani Hariharan
Sangam Hall, Marine lines
Breakfast Cycle Ride
Monsoon Midnight Cycling at SoBo
Colaba Causeway
Comics in the House 42
Liberty Cinema
Jambulmal Trek | Trek to Mumbai's Highest Point
Sanjay Gandhi National Park - Main Gate
5 Upcoming events for marine drive in mumbai
Learn to Heal - With Shivani and Hari
Colaba, mumbai south
Sun, 18 Aug , 6:00AM + more dates
Starting from ₹ 399
Sat, 20 Jul , 11:00PM
Sun, 21 Jul , 8:00PM
Sat, 20 Jul , 7:30AM + more dates
About Marine Drive
Marine Drive is a 4.3-kilometre-long boulevard in South Mumbai in the city of Mumbai. It is a 'C'-shaped six-lane concrete road along the coast, which is a natural bay. The road links Nariman Point to Babulnath and Malabar Hill. Marine Drive is situated over reclaimed land facing west-south-west. A promenade lies parallel to this road. Marine Drive is also known as the Queen's Necklace because, if viewed at night from an elevated point anywhere along the drive, the street lights resemble a string of pearls in a necklace. In 2012, the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai announced that the entire road would be resurfaced, 72 years after it was originally laid.[1] The official name for this road, though rarely used, is Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Road. The promenade is lined with palm trees. At the northern end of Marine Drive is Chowpatty Beach. This is a popular beach famed for its Bhel puri (local fast food). Many restaurants also line this stretch of the road. Further down this road lies Walkeshwar, a wealthy neighbourhood of the city, also home to the Governor of Maharashtra. Most of the buildings which were built by wealthy Parsis sport an art deco look that was popular in the 1920s and 1930s. Real estate prices along the esplanade are high. Many hotels dot the drive, most prominent among them being the 5-star Oberoi (formerly the Oberoi Hilton Tower however reverted to the original name as of early 2008), The Intercontinental, Hotel Marine Plaza, Sea Green Hotel and a few other smaller hotels. Marine Drive is the preferred connecting road between the central business district located at Nariman Point and the rest of the city.
Marine Drive Mumbai India 400002
Official Website View Marine Drive on Facebook Get Directions
adventure and sports in mumbai | attractions in mumbai | classes and workshops in mumbai | concerts and shows in mumbai | food in mumbai | fun and games in mumbai | health and wellness in mumbai | nature and parks in mumbai | parties and nightlife in mumbai | sightseeing tours in mumbai

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


My goal is to provide my patients with compassionate cancer care that is personalized to each individual.
Dr. Neil Mehta brings more than 15 years of radiation oncology experience to his position as Radiation Oncologist at Cancer Treatment Centers of America ® (CTCA) Outpatient Care Center in Downtown Chicago. The center, which is located in the Streeterville neighborhood, offers patients in and around the Chicagoland vicinity convenient access to personalized cancer treatment closer to home.
As a radiation oncologist, Dr. Mehta's goal is to build a relationship with his patients and offer standard-of-care and, when possible, advanced radiation therapies to treat their cancer while helping them reduce and manage potential side effects. "I take pride in offering personalized treatment options and helping patients live with a better quality of life."
Dr. Mehta is board certified in radiation oncology, and is trained and experienced in caring for patients using advanced radiation therapies. At the Downtown Chicago center, Dr. Mehta will deliver precise radiation therapy using CyberKnife® and other targeted treatment options.
Dr. Mehta received his Bachelor of Arts degree in chemistry and biology at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, where he graduated with high honors. He went on to earn a medical degree from Rush Medical College, where he was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society. He then completed an internship in internal medicine at Rush Presbyterian Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois, followed by a residency in radiation oncology at the University of Chicago.
After completing his residency, Dr. Mehta served as an assistant professor at the University of Chicago, where he was involved in a number of research activities, including directing protocols, authoring publications and presenting data. Dr. Mehta has years of experience in various clinics and hospitals delivering radiation therapy to treat several cancer types.
In addition to his work, Dr. Mehta is passionate about playing ice hockey and enjoys spending time with his wife and two children.


Toronto's Shawn Mendes, who announced his arena tour in May to support his self-titled third album, will cap off the global trek Sept. 6 with a hometown show headlining the city's largest venue, the 55,000-capacity Rogers Centre — the largest headlining date of his career.
He opened for Taylor Swift there in 2015, the year of his debut album, Handwritten. This is his first time headlining the venue.
The 20-year-old singer-songwriter was not even born when the dome-shaped stadium with the retractable roof opened in 1989 as the SkyDome. Since then the biggest of the big have played there — including The Rolling Stones, Justin Timberlake, Metallica, Bon Jovi, Guns N' Roses, U2, Justin Bieber, Coldplay, Madonna — and, as noted, Swift.
The Toronto landmark that defines the skyline alongside the CN Tower is also home to the Toronto Blue Jays baseball team, which Mendes notes in his press statement. "Playing the Rogers Center is truly a dream come true for me," he said. "Having grown up going to games, playing as an opener just a few years ago, and now being able to headline a show here, is just surreal. I'm so grateful for the fans that have supported me from the beginning and have made this possible."
Not many acts these days are at the stature to headline such an immense venue in Canada's largest city of 2.7 million people. In 2018, Swift and Ed Sheeran played two nights apiece; and Def Leppard/Journey, Zac Brown Band, Luke Bryan, and Foo Fighters each for one night.
For this special hometown show, Mendes will add an extended acoustic segment to the full set he is performing on his more than 60 dates in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand, with more dates still to be announced before his big finale in Toronto.
Ticket information for Rogers Centre is as follows: presale Dec 5, 10 a.m. ET; first access fan presale, Dec. 8, 10 a.m. ET; general fan presale, Dec. 9, 10am PT; Amex presale, Dec. 10, 10 a.m. ET; public onsale, Dec. 15 10 a.m. ET. Last week, Shawnstadium.com was erected with a countdown to today's date, which now contains all the ticket and VIP package information.


That was one of the biggest on-field fights I`ve ever seen, Williams should have been sent off for sending the goalie into the hoardings with a forearm smash and one or two others should have gone as well. The Everton fan who tried to attack Lyon players was actually holding a dummy sucking baby I wouldn`t like to be in his shoes when he got home. You must be some sort of idiot to take a little baby to a football match and a night game at that.


April 4, 2019: "Annotating the Marginal Syllabus" is Episode 251 of the Teaching in Higher Ed podcast.
April 1, 2019: LEARN with Marginal Syllabus in April as we read "Cultivating Urban Literacies on Chicago's South Side through a Pedagogy of Spatial Justice," by Andrea Vaughan, Rebecca Woodard, Nathan Phillips, and Kara Taylor.
March 14, 2019: Marginal Syllabus will be among the featured projects at the AnnotatED Summit, hosted by Hypothesis, at OLC Innovate 2019 in Denver.
March 4, 2019: LEARN with Marginal Syllabus in March as we read "Critical Indigenous literacies: Selecting and using children's books about Indigenous peoples," by Debbie Reese.
February 4, 2019: LEARN with Marginal Syllabus in February as we read "When school is not enough: Understanding the lives and literacies of Black youth," by Valerie Kinloch, Tanja Burkhard, and Carlotta Penn.
January 9, 2019: The Marginal Syllabus and Hypothesis featured in EdSurge's "How Can Online Instructors Get Students to Talk to Each Other?," by Bonni Stachowiak.
January 7, 2019: LEARN with Marginal Syllabus in January as we read "Generative principles for professional learning for equity-oriented urban English teachers," by Allison Skerrett, Amber Warrington, and Thea Williamson.
December 20, 2018: Marginal Syllabus featured as an example of equity-oriented professional learning in Maha Bali and Autumm Caines' article "A call for promoting ownership, equity, and agency in faculty development via connected learning," published in International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education.
December 13, 2018: Marginal Syllabus mentioned as an example of Annotating in the open with Hypothesis by Nobuko Fujita at the University of Windsor's Office of Open Learning.
December 3, 2018: LEARN with Marginal Syllabus in December as we read "What's radical about youth writing?: Seeing and honoring youth writers and their literacies," by Marcelle Haddix.
November 10, 2018: The Marginal Syllabus team is heading to Houston for the 2018 NCTE Annual Convention. Join us for an annotation activity (11/17) and presentation (11/18).
November 5, 2018: Marginal Syllabus partner author Nicole Mirra (2017-18) publishes "Pursuing a commitment to public scholarship through the practice of annotation" in The Assembly.
October 29, 2018: LEARN with Marginal Syllabus in November as we read "Electing to Heal: Trauma, Healing, and Politics in Classrooms," by Antero Garcia and Elizabeth Dutro.
October 24, 2018: The 2018-19 Marginal Syllabus is live! LEARN with Colleagues Committed to Equity in Learning and Literacy. Read the full syllabus here.
October 24, 2018: "The Marginal Syllabus and Open Pedagogy" featured in the Open Pedagogy Notebook.
October 13, 2018: Marginal Syllabus friend Kevin Hodgson facilitated a workshop about digital annotation at the Western Massachusetts Writing Project's Best Practices in the Teaching of Writing Conference. Check out Kevin's slides and resources.
October 7, 2018: The Marginal Syllabus is sharing research at the 15th Annual Open Education Conference in Niagara Falls! Read about our #OpenEd18 research presentations.
September 30, 2018: Marginal Syllabus researchers launch CROWDLAAERS ("crowd layers"), a public dashboard that reports open data associated with collaborative annotation as learning analytics. See CROWDLAAERS illuminate how "crowds" of educators added "layers" of conversation to the 2016-17 and 2017-18 syllabi.
August 20, 2018: Featured post via the Connected Learning Alliance blog about our recent participation at the 2018 Connected Learning Summit. Also, read about our #CLS2018 presentations.
July 17, 2018: Two forthcoming publications (both in press) examine, respectively, educator participation in Marginal Syllabus conversations and equity-oriented design principles of this initiative. Both preprints are available as openly accessible texts.
July 10, 2018: We're crowdsourcing suggested readings for the 2018-19 Marginal Syllabus: Pedagogies of Connected Learning. Please complete our survey!
June 4, 2018: February, 2017 Marginal Syllabus partner author Troy Hicks has published "The Next Decade of Digital Writing" in NCTE's Voices from the Middle. Thanks to regular Marginal Syllabus participant Kevin Hodgson for organizing an impromptu public annotation conversation of this important text. Also, read Kevin's blog post about the discussion.
May 3, 2018: The final conversation of the 2017-18 "Writing Our Civic Futures" syllabus is live! Join May's conversation with partner author Steve Zemelman here.
April 18, 2018: More conference acceptances! Marginal Syllabus researchers and partners will also be presenting about educator collaboration, learning analytics, and more at 2018 I Annotate (San Francisco, CA, in June) and the 2018 NCTE Annual Convention (Houston, TX, in November).
April 4, 2018: The Marginal Syllabus will be attending the 2018 Connected Learning Summit at the MIT Media Lab this August. Two presentations have been accepted: A paper about learning analytics and sentiment; and a spotlight about design principles.
April 2, 2018: Join April's Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring partner author Erica Hodgin, here.
March 2, 2018: Join the March Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring partner authors April Baker-Bell, Raven Jones Stanbrough, and Sakeena Everett, here.
February 27, 2018: The Marginal Syllabus is participating in Open Education Week (March 5-9) and is listed as an open resource.
February 1, 2018: Join February's Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring partner authors Joseph Kahne and Benjamin Bowyer, here.
January 8, 2018: The January Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring partner author Danielle Allen, can be accessed here.
December 10, 2017: Marginal Syllabus partner author (May, 2018) and regular participant Steve Zemelman writes "Great Conversations Over Outstanding Essays on Students' Civic Futures.
December 1, 2017: Join the December Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring partner author Linda Christensen, here.
October 31, 2017: The November Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring partner authors Nicole Mirra and Antero Garcia, is happening here!
September 28, 2017: The October Marginal Syllabus conversation, featuring a blog post by partner author Henry Jenkins, is live – read and annotate here!
September 19, 2017: We're launching the 2017-18 Syllabus! Visit Educator Innovator to learn more about Starting at the Margins: An Invitation to Writing our Civic Futures.
August 31, 2017: Listen to Marginal Syllabus organizers on NWP Radio.
Read these additional podcast resources, too.


Adjustable height. Plastic ring on base helps from scratching wooden floors. Each chair swivels and adjusts to bar and counter height.
These Chairs will add high style to your office, home, or restaurant/bar and features a bright chrome base and footstool with a ultra-supportive cushioned faux leather seat.


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Jelling municipality was, from 1970 until 1 January 2007, a municipality (Danish: kommune) in Vejle County on the Jutland peninsula in south-west Denmark. In 2007 it merged into the newly formed Vejle municipality.

History
The Jelling municipality covered an area of 89 km2, and had a total population of 5,697 (2005). Its last mayor was Arne H. Sigtenbjerggaard, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Jelling.

The municipality was created in 1970 due to a  ("Municipality Reform") that combined a number of existing parishes:
 Hvejsel Parish
 Jelling Parish
 Kollerup Parish
 Vindelev Parish

Merger
Jelling municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with Børkop, Egtved, Give, and Vejle municipalities to form a new Vejle municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 1,055 km2 and a total population of 82,935 (2005).  The new municipality belongs to Region of Southern Denmark.

Features
Located in the former Jelling municipality are the runic gravestones— the Jelling stones, the burial mounds, and church which became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994.

External links
 Vejle municipality's official website
 Jelling Stones at the World Heritage (UNESCO) website

References
 Municipal statistics: NetBorger Kommunefakta, delivered from KMD aka Kommunedata (Municipal Data)
 Municipal mergers and neighbors: Eniro new municipalities map

Former municipalities of Denmark

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


ALMA, Mich. – Eight players scored goals for Albion College Wednesday night as the Britons walked off with a 22-4 victory over Alma College in Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association women's lacrosse action.
It was the fifth win in a row for Albion which improved to 9-3 overall and 3-0 against MIAA rivals.
Chrystelle Lopez and Carly Schwarz scored five goals apiece for Albion. Schwarz also dished out three assists.
Destiny Okon scored four times, Jade Barrett, Darcy Muns and Marah Ranger all scored two goals and Ari Ruiz and Abby Sheklow completed the scoring with a goal each.
Sheklow and Okon scored in the first two minutes of the game and Albion never trailed. Albion scored 11 in a row to pull away for a 13-1 lead with 8 ½ minutes left in the first half.
First-year goalkeeper Alexi Robinson collected five saves.
Albion returns home for a 4 o'clock Saturday MIAA game against Olivet College.


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Famous British Preachers
Vote for Your Favourite British Preachers
(One of the Most Influential and Extraordinary Preachers of the 19th century)
Birthplace: Kelvedon, England
Died: January 31, 1892
Charles Spurgeon was an English Particular Baptist preacher who was a powerful figure in the Reformed Baptist tradition. Hailed as the "Prince of Preachers", he was well respected by Christians of various denominations. He was pastor of the congregation of the New Park Street Chapel for almost four decades. He was the author of several books, sermons, and commentaries.
(English Writer and Puritan Preacher Best Known as the Author of the Christian Allegory 'The Pilgrim's Progress')
Birthplace: Elstow, Bedfordshire, England
John Bunyan, the noted author of The Pilgrim's Progress, was known for his belief in Puritanism. The son of a brazier, he initially quit school to join his father's trade. He was later inspired by chapbooks, to write his iconic works and has also become a preacher.
William Booth
(Founder of the Salvation Army, Preacher)
Birthplace: Sneinton, Nottingham, England
Hailed as the Prophet of the Poor, William Booth was the co-founder and the first the General of the Salvation Army, a Christian church known for its world-wide charitable work. Initially a Methodist preacher, he was moved by the plight of the poor and formed the Salvation Army, aiming to deliver salvation by meeting both their physical and spiritual needs.
William Brewster
(English Pilgrim Who Arrived in America in 'Mayflower' Ship in 1620 and Became Leader of the Plymouth Colony)
Birthplace: Scrooby, Nottinghamshire, England
William Brewster was an English official. He was among the passengers that traveled in Mayflower from England to the New World. When the ship landed at Plymouth Colony, William Brewster was accepted as the senior elder and hence became the religious leader of the colony. Eventually, he ended up serving as an adviser to Governor William Bradford.
Praise-God Barebone
(Best Known for Giving His Name to the Barebone's Parliament of the English Commonwealth of 1653)
Birthplace: England
Died: 1679 AD
A prominent leather seller, Praise-God Barebone later became known as a sectarian preacher and was known for his support of infant baptism. After the dissolution of the Rump Parliament by Oliver Cromwell, Barebone sat as a representative of London in the new parliament, which came to be known as Barebone's Parliament.
Nicholas Ridley
(English Bishop Who Was Burned at the Stake for His Teachings and Support to Lady Jane Grey)
Birthplace: South Tynedale, England
English Protestant martyr and bishop Nicholas Ridley had an illustrious career as a scholar at Cambridge. Named a master of Pembroke Hall, he converted Cambridge into a Reformist seminary for Protestantism. He ended up being accused of heresy and was burned at the stake at Oxford, thus becoming one of the Oxford Martyrs.
John Cotton
(Theologian & Preacher)
Birthdate: December 4, 1585
Birthplace: Derbyshire, England
Died: December 23, 1652
John Cotton was a clergyman in the American and England colonies. He was widely regarded as the greatest theologian and minister of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. A prolific writer, John Cotton is credited with writing the first known children's book by an American, Spiritual Milk for Boston Babes.
Richard of Chichester
(Bishop of Chichester and Patron Saint of Sussex)
Birthplace: Droitwich, England
Died: April 3, 1253
Bishop of Chichester Richard de Wych, or Richard of Chichester, was also a chancellor of Oxford. He also served St. Edmund Rich, or Edmund of Abingdon, and propagated his ideals. He is still revered as a patron saint of coachmen and of Sussex, and is depicted with a chalice at his feet.
Sir George Downing, 1st Baronet
(Preacher)
Birthplace: Dublin, Ireland
English diplomat Sir George Downing, 1st Baronet was the person who lent his name to the iconic Downing Street in London. One of the first to graduate from Harvard, he was initially a preacher and then a military leader. An MP under Oliver Cromwell, he, however, supported the Stuart restoration later.
(Moral Philosopher and Mathematician Best Known for Editing, Publishing and Developing 'Bayes–Price Theorem')
Birthplace: Llangeinor, Wales
British moral-philosopher Richard Price is best-remembered for significantly editing Bayes–Price theorem. He edited An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances, a major-work of his deceased friend Thomas Bayes. It appeared in Philosophical Transactions and included Bayes' Theorem. His work on legacy of Bayes, led Price to get elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society.
Stigand
(Archbishop of Canterbury Who Was Deposed and Imprisoned for Holding Two Bishoprics Simultaneously)
Birthplace: East Of England, England
Initially named the bishop of Elmham, Stigand later became the bishop of Winchester and, eventually, the archbishop of Canterbury. Some historians also believed he was probably English king Canute's priest. He was excommunicated and eventually deposed for holding the bishoprics of Winchester and Canterbury simultaneously. He died in prison.
Thomas Walsingham
(English Benedictine Monk and Chronicler Known for Works like 'Chronicon Angliæ' and 'Ypodigma Neustriæ')
Birthplace: Walsingham, England
Works of English Benedictine monk and chronicler Thomas Walsingham forms significant source of information of reigns of Kings Richard II, Henry IV and Henry V, as also of careers of Wat Tyler and John Wycliff. Much of Walsingham's life was spent at St Albans Abbey, where he served as superintendent of scriptorium. His works include Chronicon Angliæ and Ypodigma Neustriæ.
Hugh Peter
Birthplace: Fowey, England
(British Theologian and Preacher)
Birthdate: October 5, 1600
Birthplace: Rollesby, England
Puritan clergyman Thomas Goodwin, also known as the Elder, had served as a chaplain to Oliver Cromwell. He had a major role in drafting the Savoy Declaration and was also made the president of Magdalen College, Oxford. His written works include five volumes of his sermons, published posthumously.
Frederick William Robertson
(British Clergyman and Theologian)
Birthdate: February 3, 1816
Frederick William Robertson, also known as Robertson of Brighton, was a 19th-century Anglican clergyman. Born to an army captain, he initially wished to serve in the military. His sermons dismissed the theological ideas existing back then and focused on the reform concepts of the 1848 Revolution instead.
(Minister)
Birthplace: Hampshire, England
Died: September 3, 1815
John Goodwin
George Grenfell
Birthdate: August 21, 1849
Birthplace: Sancreed, England
Robert William Dale
(Former Congregational church leader based in Birmingham)
Birthplace: London, United Kingdom
Died: March 13, 1895
Thomas French
Birthplace: Staffordshire, England
Died: May 14, 1891
Alfred Saker
Birthplace: Wrotham, England
Born to an engineer father, British missionary Alfred Saker had built a small steam engine by 16. Intelligent and well-read, he later departed on a mission to Africa, eventually setting up the city of Victoria, now known as Limbe, in Cameroon. He is also credited with translating the Bible into Douala.
Joseph Proud
Birthplace: Beaconsfield, England
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Q: Children of z-index: 'auto' vs z-index: 0, and what is "stacking context" in CSS? Previously, I believed that a child element could not be z-indexed over an element that is a sibling of its parent element that has a higher z-index than its parent. For example, divs A and B are siblings. Div A has a z-index of 10, and div B has a z-index of 5. Div B has a child element: Div C, with a z-index of 9999. From my understanding, div C will not be positioned above div A, because div C's parent (div B) has a lower z-index than div A. This holds true, unless div B has a z-index of 'auto'. When div B has a z-index of 'auto', which would be '0', as it is inheriting from body, div C positions over div A, even though div B's z-index is actually LOWER than it was when it wasn't working.
From the CSS2 spec, z-index 'auto' is defined as
The stack level of the generated box in the current stacking context is 0. The box does not establish a new stacking context unless it is the root element.
I'm having trouble understanding "stacking context." It seems to be the only difference between a defined z-index of 0, and a default of 'auto' which is 0 but also has no stacking context. More specifically:
Why are children of elements with no stacking content z-indexed differently than those within a stacking context?
Here is a fiddle that shows the difference between z-index of 0, and a z-index of auto. The green div is a child of the blue div, and the red div is a sibling of the blue div.
http://jsfiddle.net/c7Tvt/

A: In your example, you have two scenarios, call them Blue and Blue-2.
In Blue, you have two stacking contexts, the first contains #blue and the second contains #red and #green.  #blue is in its own stacking context because z-index: auto, and this context is simply part of the default stack.
In Blue-2, you have defined z-index: 0 for #blue, so it is part of the same stacking context as #red.  In Blue-2, #blue is painted first because it has the lowest z-index, 0.  However, #green is a child of #blue and gets painted over #blue, the parent and child form a new stacking context (a sub-stacking context if you wish).
Finally, #red is painted over the blue-green stack because the red z-index is 2, which is greater than the blue z-index of 0.  In this case, the z-index of green affects its stacking level with respect to blue and any other child elements in #blue.  In Blue-2, there are three stacking contexts, the default (#1), the one for red and blue (#2), and the other that is blue and green (#3).
Key Point
z-index: auto does not start add a positioned element to a new stacking context whereas z-index: 0 does.  Remember, there is at least one stacking context, the default one that is defined for the elements by virtue of their natural HTML/DOM order on the page.
Note: I took the liberty of describing the staking position as if you had two web pages, one with #red, #blue, #green and the second with #red2, #blue2, #green2.  In reality, since all the div's are on the same page, all the stacking levels contain all the elements.  When there are two red div's in the same stack, #red2 would be painted over #red since elements further down the DOM tree are painted over earlier elements.
Reference
I found the following quite useful to read:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/CSS/Understanding_z-index/Stacking_context_example_2
If you want even more detail, try looking at:
http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/zindex.html

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Yo-Jin-Bo
Yo-Jin-Bo (The Bodyguards) (用心棒, Yōjinbō) is a Japanese visual novel produced by Two-Five. In October 2006, Hirameki International released an English edition of the Windows version in the United States. It is part of their AnimePlay PC line, and as such is a Windows game (as opposed to the DVD games in that line, which have limited features). There is also a version for the PlayStation 2 titled Yo-Jin-Bo: Unmei no Freude and a manga adaptation of the game. The explanation for this name is a bit…
Developer Two-Five
Genre Roman
Platforms Microsoft Windows,PlayStation 2


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Kolisch: In America (Beethoven Violin Sonatas "live") - Archiphon ARC-130/31 (2CD set)
Archiphon (CD)
MINT / made in the EU
This remarkable MINT condition 2CD set from Archiphon (ARC-130/31, manufactured in Germany, ADD mono, total playing times 68:02 and 73:48) preserves two legendary artists – violinist Rudolf Kolisch and pianist Gunnar Johansen – in performances of six Beethoven Violin Sonatas recorded 'live' at the Music Hall of the University of Wisconsin at Madison in 1963 and 1966.
A pupil of Frederic Lamond, Egon Petri, and Victor Schioler, Johansen remains one of the great 'unknown' pianists of the 20th Century. Although he recorded prolifically for his own label, Artist Direct, his many discs – encompassing all of Bach, Busoni, most of Liszt, and much else besides – never enjoyed widespread distribution nor the acclaim they deserved.
Nor have they seen issue on CD. Kolish was an equally comprehensive musician, the string quartet that bears his name making the first – and in some ways, still unsurpassed – traversal of Schoenberg's Quartets on disc (also issued by Archiphon). Here, they are heard together to extraordinary effect.
Disc 1 features the Violin Sonatas No. 5 in F Major Op. 24 'Spring' (rec. 1 May 1966), No. 6 in A Major Op. 30 No. 1 (rec. December 1963), and No. 7 in C minor Op. 30 No. 2 (rec. December 1963).
Disc 2 includes the Violin Sonatas No. 8 in G Major Op. 30 No. 3 (rec. December 1963), No. 9 in F Major Op. 47 'Kreutzer' (rec. 16 January 1966), and No. 10 in G Major Op. 96 (rec. 1 May 1966).
These extremely rare performances constitute a major contribution to the recorded legacy of the violin and their importance cannot be overestimated. Archiphon has provided detailed and extensive documentation, the whole beautifully presented with handsome archival photos of the artists and reproductions of scores Kolish used. For anyone who cares deeply about the art of the violin, great violinists, Beethoven, and/or historic recordings, this amazing set will prove a fascinating and in some ways a quite moving find.


Information on and photographs of the village of Nowiny Wielkie and the Dinosaur Park, near Gorzów Wlkp in the province of Lubuskie in western Poland.
Pre-1945 German images of Nowiny Wielkie / Doellensradung.
A map of the Nowiny Wielkie area of Lebus, Polen.


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'A very powerful, poignant and poetic impulse:' NAU, Flagstaff communities invited to fifth annual Hip Hop Appreciation Week (VIDEO)
April 19, 2018 by Heidi Toth Leave a Comment
By Heidi Toth
NAU Communications
Damian Purdy was in eighth grade when he made a life-altering choice.
The teenager had suffered a series of challenges and setbacks; he was hurting and alone. He couldn't take it anymore. It was too hard. He was going to kill himself.
Switching on his music one day was an easy choice—an insignificant action he barely considered. The opening chords of Kid Cudi's "Heart of a Lion" filled his ears, followed by the opening line: "Please save a kid that needs some help."
At that moment, Purdy made another life-altering choice: He was the kid in pain who needed some help, but he wasn't going to take his own life.
"Hip hop has literally saved my life, and I don't mean that in a dramatic way," Purdy said.
Next week, he's sharing that love with the world—or anyone in the Flagstaff and Northern Arizona University communities interested in learning more about this musical genre or watching some top-notch artists dance, freestyle and produce street art. The junior fitness/wellness major is one of dozens of students in the Genius of Hip Hop class who will put on the fifth annual Hip Hop Appreciation Week from April 23-27, led by Ethnic Studies professor Frederick Gooding Jr.
Gooding, known to his students as Dr. G, researches African-American history and critical race theory in movies, media and sports. He and fellow ethnic studies professor T. Mark Montoya started Hip Hop Appreciation Week five years ago. The project serves a few purposes: offering leadership, organizational and public speaking opportunities to students; providing education about hip hop music—starting with the lesson that hip hop is not rap—and introducing different kinds of art and culture to NAU and Flagstaff.
The week is the culmination of almost a semester of work for his Genius of Hip Hop students, who have spent countless hours studying history, inviting artists, comparing different styles of music and in some cases, practicing their own talents to share.
"It's a great way to share something very sacred to us," said Destiney Waddy, a sophomore studying criminology and criminal justice.
Street artists at Hip Hop Appreciation Week 2017
The need for appreciation
Hip hop began in communities like the Bronx decades ago—communities that to a visitor looked like a bombed-out Beirut. Early hip hop artists put their fears, hopes, worries and loves into verse, sharing their stories with a world that wasn't entirely ready to hear them yet. Even today, despite Kendrick Lamar winning a Pulitzer Prize—the first musician who's not classical or jazz to do so—hip hop is a misunderstood, misrepresented genre.
The dozens of hip hop denizens in Gooding's class are out to change that.
"Hip hop is a very powerful, poignant and poetic impulse that speaks to people's desire for dignity, humanity and respect," Gooding said.
Purdy and Waddell aren't the only listeners with an appreciation that runs deeper than hip hop being good music. It is, they all say, but there's so much more to it than that. For Lissette Flores, it was finding a community. The third-year criminal justice student isn't even in the Genius of Hip Hop class. She took it last year, loving both the class and Hip Hop Appreciation Week enough that she continues coming to the class and is participating in the week's activities. She'll be MCing every day.
Considering how, prior to Hip Hop Week, she had no interest in being involved with any school-related activities, that's a big deal.
"It's like home," she said. "It just goes. It flows."
For Ian Thompson, hip hop is just a part of who he is. He doesn't really separate himself from the music. Thompson, a third-year exercise science student, has been break-dancing since middle school and has loved hip hop—and felt it was underrepresented and overlooked—for as long as he can remember.
"The way we analyze songs in this class is the same way I did it in my head," he said. "It is the fuel, it is the soul for my life. Everything I do is because of hip hop."
Next week, that'll be true of all the students. The week's events are about more than introducing people to the facets of hip hop music. Gooding and his students want to educate people about the messages, the stories, the history behind this genre. They discuss the differences between rap and hip hop; rap is a genre regularly, and sometimes fairly, derided for its materialism, misogyny and mayhem, Gooding notes.
"Hip hop is something that you feel, rap is just something that you do," said Aashli Morgan, a senior communications studies student and a third-time volunteer for Hip Hop Appreciation Week.
As a sophomore, she attended the hip hop class because it was fun and her friends were enrolled in it, as a junior she enrolled
Hip Hop Appreciation Week 2017
and now she's back for round three as Gooding's teaching assistant.
To be clear, they have nothing against rap, Gooding said. But Hip Hop Appreciation Week is all about hip hop. They talk about how artists write songs that celebrate the humanity of everyone, including loved ones behind bars or those facing an early death; they analyze the symbolism behind words in much the same way English students analyze Emily Dickinson's poetry; they glean life lessons from the likes of Kendrick Lamar and Nas and debate where Tupac belongs in the conversation. (It's controversial.) Hip hop is not merely a form of entertainment, either for the artists or for their engaged audience. It is a way, Gooding said, for people whose voices have historically been silenced to stand up and say, "This is me. This is who I am."
The five elements of hip hop
Hip hop is comprised of five elements, all of which will be present on at least one day of Hip Hop Appreciation Week. Taken together, Gooding said, they offer hope and encouragement as well tell the stories of the artists and the origins of their communities. Each of them also showcases a kind of intelligence that isn't always noted in traditional circles.
DJing: Some songs have 10-20 seconds of really great dance music—music that was more animating, more instrumentation and really got people out on the dance floor. But traditionally, by the time the partygoers started dancing, that stretch of song was over. However, Gooding said hip hop DJs decided to put two record players together, playing 20 seconds on one, then switching over to the other while rewinding the first one. That 20 seconds of great dance music was suddenly two and a half minutes long. It seems simple, he said, but no one else had done it and it changed the face of party music.
Freestyling at Hip Hop Appreciation Week 2017
MCing: MC Supernatural once freestyled for nine hours and 15 minutes. All he had was a beat, and the world record-holder freestyle MC put together word combinations that rhymed, made sense and stayed on beat.
It's a different way of thinking about genius, Gooding said. The ability to freestyle isn't a typical measure of intellect, but a performer who can think up word combinations that make sense and rhyme and stick with a beat with no rehearsing beforehand—and do it for nine hours—is undeniably smart.
Break dancing: Remember that part of a song that an innovative DJ figured out how to keep looping? That break period is when people were most stimulated by the sound and pulled out all their funky dance moves. Thus break dancing, or bboying and bgirling, were born.
"This is not something that I just want to sit in my chair and tap my toe to," Gooding said. "I want to get up and start spinning on my head. That's how energized the music makes them feel, and I think we should recognize the profound power of that."
Street art: On Monday, dozens of artists will create beautiful images that describe themselves and their lives using only spray paint on canvas. Street or graffiti art is the outlet many inner-city artists found for their art. Gooding acknowledged graffiti can be destructive while asking another question:
"What do you do when you are trapped in a concrete jungle and you don't have canvas to work with? What do you with when there's art inside of you?" Gooding asked. "People who reside in inner cities claim the place as their own."
Knowledge of self: The world can be confusing and difficult to navigate. This is especially true for people of color, Gooding said, who often find themselves in environments that in theory are just and fair but in practice often fall short of that. Pain, disappointment, grief and frustration can follow that cognitive dissonance. Hip hop music is full of positive and affirming messages—You can do it. Somebody loves you. I remember you. The music often derided and stigmatized is actually providing hope to generations of people.
"I think that's one of the reasons it resonates with so many people all around the world," he said. "This is the only way we can express ourselves fully and truly."
It is an event worth attending, students said—good enough that last year, after a nasty bout of stomach illness, Waddy went straight from the hospital just to watch a performance; good enough that Thompson, who has injured himself from the stress of break dancing, is willing to put his body through more to share his love of the art; good enough that Flores, despite her devotion to Hip Hop Appreciation Week, doesn't have the words to describe how good it is.
"There's no way to contextualize that kind of energy," she said.
For details about all the events, visit the NAU Hip Hop Facebook page or follow the group on Twitter @NAUHipHop.
Filed Under: Campus & Community


WILD EDIBLE PLANTS (3 yrs. - adult) Sunday May 6, 1:30 - 3:30 p.m. Participants will learn to identify and prepare some of the many native and introduced plants which earlier inhabitants of the area used to supplement their diets. This program will be led by plant lore enthusiast, Pat Chichon of Lambertville. Bring a pair of plant clippers and a garden trowel. Fee: $2.00/person, under 6 yrs. Free. (exact change please). Advanced registration required.
BALDPATE MOUNTAIN HIKE (pre-teen – adult) Saturday May 19, 1:00 – 4:00 p.m. We will take the Summit Trail from its trail head on Fiddlers Creek Rd. Meet at the parking lot by Niederer's Pond (Church Rd). We will carpool to the trail. Advanced registration required. Free.
SOLAR OBSERVATION ( all ages) Saturday May 26, 1:00 – 3:00 p.m. View magnetic sun storms safely through special filters via a telescope. Observe sun spots, solar flares, prominences and other solar phenomena. Learn how these storms can affect the earth as well as other interesting facts about Earth's closest star. Jennifer and Dave Skitt and possibly other members of the Amateur Astronomer's Association of Princeton will lead this activity. Clear skies required. Park vehicle entrance fee: $5.00/car. Rain date: Monday May 28, 1:00 – 3:00 p.m.


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Kumulanten sind in der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Statistik Kenngrößen der Verteilung einer Zufallsvariablen, die in Bezug auf die Summenbildung von stochastisch unabhängigen Zufallsvariablen einfachen Rechengesetzen genügen. Die Folge der Kumulanten beginnt mit dem Erwartungswert und der Varianz.

Definition
Ist  die momenterzeugende Funktion der Zufallsvariablen , d. h., es ist
,

so heißt die Funktion

kumulantenerzeugende Funktion. Die -te Kumulante  der Zufallsvariablen  ist dann definiert durch
.

Alternativ lassen sich Kumulanten auch durch die charakteristische Funktion  einer Zufallsvariablen  definieren.

Die -te Kumulante  ist dann definiert durch

Die ersten vier Kumulanten einer Zufallsvariablen  sind, wie unten noch umfassender dargelegt wird:

 (drittes zentrales Moment) und

Eigenschaften
Kumulanten können aufgrund der für sie geltenden Rechengesetze oft einfach berechnet werden:

Verschiebungs-Invarianz
Die Kumulanten werden auch als Semiinvarianten der Dichtefunktion  bezeichnet, da sie sich, mit Ausnahme von , bei einer Verschiebung des Erwartungswertes nicht ändern. Sei  eine Zufallsvariable, dann gilt für eine beliebige Konstante :

Homogenität
Die -te Kumulante ist homogen vom Grad , sei  eine beliebige Konstante, dann gilt:

Additivität
Seien  und  stochastisch unabhängige Zufallsvariablen, dann gilt für

Analog gilt für die Summe  aus  stochastisch unabhängigen Zufallsvariablen :

Die Additivität beruht darauf, dass für die charakteristische Funktionen einer Summe unabhängiger Zufallsvariablen die Produktdarstellung  gilt. Für die Logarithmen gilt somit eine Additivität:

Besonderheit der Normalverteilung
Für eine Normalverteilung mit Erwartungswert  und Varianz  ist die charakteristische Funktion gleich  und somit die Kumulanten:

 für .
Alle Kumulanten größer als 2. Ordnung verschwinden. Diese Eigenschaft charakterisiert die Normalverteilung.

Man kann zeigen, dass

 entweder alle Kumulanten außer den ersten beiden verschwinden
 oder unendlich viele nichtverschwindende Kumulanten existieren.

Anders ausgedrückt: Die Kumulanten generierende Funktion  kann kein endliches Polynom von Grad größer 2 sein.

Kumulanten und Momente

Kumulanten als Funktion der Momente
Bezeichne  das n-te Moment einer Zufallsvariablen . Durch  lässt sich  darstellen als

Folglich lassen sich die Kumulanten durch die Momente  bzw. folgendermaßen ausdrücken:

Im Allgemeinen lässt sich die Abhängigkeit der Kumulanten von den Momenten durch folgende Rekursionsformel beschreiben:

Alternativ lässt sich aus der Formel von Faà di Bruno die k-te Kumulante mittels der Bell-Polynome  und der Momente  darstellen als
.

Mit den zentralen Momenten  sind die Formeln meist kürzer:

Von besonderer Bedeutung sind die ersten beiden Kumulanten:  ist der Erwartungswert  und  ist die Varianz . Ab der vierten Ordnung stimmen Kumulante und zentrales Moment nicht mehr überein.

Herleitung der ersten Kumulanten
Man entwickelt  um

und setzt die Reihendarstellung von

in obige Entwicklung ein

Sortiert man noch nach Potenzen von , so erhält man die Kumulanten:

Momente als Funktion der Kumulanten
Das -te Moment ist ein Polynom -ten Grades der ersten  Kumulanten. Hier die ersten sechs Momente:

Die Koeffizienten entsprechen genau denjenigen in der Formel von Faà di Bruno. Allgemeiner ist das -te Moment genau das -te vollständige Bell-Polynom , ausgewertet an der Stelle :
.

Um die zentralen Momente als Funktion der Kumulanten auszudrücken, vernachlässige in obigen Polynomen für die Momente alle Terme, bei denen  als Faktor auftaucht:

Kumulanten und Mengenpartitionen
Oben haben wir die Momente als Polynome in den Kumulanten ausgedrückt. Diese Polynome haben eine interessante kombinatorische Interpretation: ihre Koeffizienten zählen Mengenpartitionen. Die allgemeine Form dieser Polynome kann folgendermaßen
geschrieben werden

wobei

  die Menge aller Partitionen einer n-elementigen Menge durchläuft;
"" bedeutet, dass  einer der Blöcke ist, in welche die Menge zerlegt wurde; und
 ist die Größe des Blocks .

Multivariate Kumulanten
Die multivariaten (oder gemeinsamen) Kumulanten von mehreren Zufallsvariablen X1, ..., Xn
kann auch durch eine Kumulanten-erzeugende Funktion definiert werden:

Diese Formel kann wieder in kombinatorischer Form interpretiert werden gemäß

wobei  alle Partitionen von { 1, ..., n } durchläuft,  läuft durch die Menge aller Blöcke der Partition , und  ist die Anzahl der Blöcke in . Zum Beispiel haben wir

Dieser kombinatorische Zusammenhang zwischen Kumulanten und Momenten erhält eine einfachere Form, wenn man Momente durch
Kumulanten ausdrückt:

Zum Beispiel haben wir dann:

Die erste Kumulante einer Zufallsvariable ist ihr Erwartungswert, die gemeinsame zweite Kumulante von zwei Zufallsvariablen ist
ihre Kovarianz.
Sind einige der Zufallsvariablen unabhängig voneinander, so verschwindet jede gemischte Kumulante welche mindestens zwei der unabhängigen
Variablen enthält.
Sind alle Zufallsvariablen gleich, so reduziert sich die gemeinsame Kumulante  auf die
gewöhnliche n-te Kumulante  von .

Eine weitere wichtige Eigenschaft der multivariaten Kumulanten ist Multilinearität in den Variablen:

Folgerungen
Gegeben seien die identisch verteilten und stochastisch unabhängigen Zufallsvariablen .

Zentraler Grenzwertsatz
Für die Zufallsvariable

ergeben sich unter Ausnutzung der Eigenschaften Homogenität und Additivität folgende Kumulanten:

Die Ordnung ergibt sich, da die Summe über die Einzelkumulanten  von der Ordnung  ist. Hier die Ordnungen der ersten Kumulanten:

Für  ist die Ordnung  hoch einem negativen Exponenten und somit gilt im Grenzwert unendlich vieler Zufallsvariablen:

D. h., es bleiben nur die beiden ersten Kumulanten übrig. Die einzige Verteilung, die nur die erste und zweite Kumulante besitzt, ist die Gauß-Verteilung. Damit wird plausibel, dass die Summe beliebiger Zufallsvariablen geteilt durch die Wurzel der Anzahl gegen die Gauß-Verteilung konvergiert; dies ist der Zentrale Grenzwertsatz. Um diese Plausibilitätsbetrachtung zu einem Beweis zu vervollständigen, bedarf es der Verwendung allgemeiner Gesetzmäßigkeiten von charakteristischen Funktionen. Die Gauß-Verteilung nimmt also eine besondere Stellung unter allen Verteilungen ein. Wirken bei einem Experiment viele stochastisch unabhängige Einflüsse, so kann man die Gesamtheit der Einflüsse durch eine Gaußsche Zufallsvariable darstellen.

Als einfachen Spezialfall betrachte alle Zufallsvariablen als identisch  mit Mittelwert 0, Varianz  und beliebigen höheren Momenten.

Für die Zufallsvariable

kann man gegenüber  die Verschiebungsinvarianz der Kumulanten der Ordnung größer gleich 2 ausnutzen. Der einzige Unterschied zur Zufallsvariablen  ist, dass Erwartungswert von  Null ist, auch dann wenn die Erwartungswerte der  nicht verschwinden.

Gesetz der großen Zahlen
Für die Zufallsvariable

ergeben sich unter Ausnutzung der Eigenschaften Homogenität und Additivität folgende Kumulanten:

Die Ordnung ergibt sich, da die Summe über die Einzelkumulanten  von der Ordnung  ist. Hier die Ordnungen der ersten Kumulanten:

Für  ist die Ordnung  hoch einem negativen Exponenten und somit gilt im Grenzwert unendlich vieler Zufallsvariablen:

D. h., es bleibt nur die erste Kumulante bzw. das erste Moment übrig. Mit wachsendem  erhält man eine Gauß-Verteilung um den Mittelwert
,
wobei die Breite von der Ordnung  ist, und im Grenzfall  einen scharfen (Delta-förmigen) Peak bei .

Als einfachen Spezialfall betrachte alle Zufallsvariablen als identisch  mit Mittelwert , Varianz  und beliebigen höheren Momenten.

Somit ist  eine Zufallsvariable mit demselben Mittelwert wie  (man nennt  erwartungstreuer Schätzer für den Mittelwert von ). Die für wachsende  immer schmaler werdende Breite der Gauß-Verteilung (Standardabweichung um Mittelwert) beträgt .

Geschichte
Kumulanten und ihre Eigenschaften wurden erstmals 1889 von dem dänischen Mathematiker Thorvald Nicolai Thiele in einem in dänischer Sprache erschienenen Buch beschrieben. Obwohl dieses Buch im gleichen Jahr im Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik ausführlich referiert wurde, blieben die Ergebnisse zunächst weitgehend unbeachtet, so dass Felix Hausdorff noch 1901 diese Kenngrößen in einer Arbeit als (von ihm) "neueingeführt" bezeichnete.

Freie Kumulanten
In obiger kombinatorischer Momenten-Kumulanten-Formel

summiert man über alle Partitionen der Menge
.
Wenn man stattdessen nur über nicht-kreuzende Partitionen summiert, so erhält man die freien Kumulanten.
Diese wurden von Roland Speicher eingeführt und spielen in der freien Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie eine analoge Rolle wie die
üblichen Kumulanten in der klassischen Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie.
Insbesondere sind die freien Kumulanten additiv für freie Zufallsvariable. Die Wignersche Halbkreisverteilung, welche das freie Gegenstück zur Normalverteilung ist, ist dadurch charakterisiert, dass nur die freie Kumulante zweiter Ordnung nicht verschwindet.

Literatur
 Jörg Bewersdorff: Statistik – wie und warum sie funktioniert. Ein mathematisches Lesebuch. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag 2011, ISBN 978-3-8348-1753-2, doi:10.1007/978-3-8348-8264-6, S. 68–70.
 Crispin W. Gardiner: Stochastic methods: a handbook for the natural and social sciences. Springer, 2009. ISBN 978-3-540-70712-7, S. 33–35.
 M. Abramowitz, I. A. Stegun: Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables. Dover, 1965. ISBN 978-0-486-61272-0

Einzelnachweise

Stochastik


noun (used with a singular or plural verb) Ecology.
As a prey item, the prairie vole proved to be an important part of the biota of the Reservation.
The Biota Elegantissima is one of the most unique hardy shrubs cultivated, and presents a bright golden appearance.
Another species of arbor vitae is Thuja orientalis, known also as Biota orientalis.
The obvious differences in the biota on the two sides of the range are probably due to the contrasting climates.
On Barro Colorado Island one aim is to preserve the biota and natural conditions with as little interference from man as possible.
1901, from Greek biota "life" (see bio-).
The flora and fauna of a region.
The organisms of a specific region or period considered as a group.


text:
Another Cat
Title: Another Cat
Description: A Semi Abstract painting of a cat painted in acrylics on a stretched canvas with the painting continuing around the sides so no framing is needed but it could also be framed if you so desire.
Size: 8x8 inches
Genre: Abstract, Contemporary, Semi-Abstract
Colour: Blue, multi, red, yellow
Keywords: Another Cat Semi Abstract Abstract
Delivery Details: Free postage in the U.K. Please contact the artist for overseas shipping costs.
Name: Paul Dixon
Acceptable Payment Methods: PayPal with 10 days clearance and cheques with 5 days clearance.
Paul paints in most media - oils, watercolours, acrylics and pastels and never one to feel pigeon-holed, tackles most subjects - landscape, seascape, cityscape, portraiture, still life, fantasy, surrealism and abstract.
He has previously exhibited at the Ferrens Art Gallery, Hull, the Leeds City Art Gallery, Y.T.V. Studios, Leeds, the West Yorkshire Playhouse, Leeds and the Art Shows at Ilkley where he was a prize winning artist who was elected a Companion of the International Guild of Artists. He was a regular exhibitor at the Valley Gardens Art Exhibitions in Harrogate and the Original Art Exhibitions at Addingham, Nr Ilkley, West Yorkshire. He has also had two paintings reproduced as limited edition prints.
He has completed various commissions in landscape and portraiture and has work in private collections as far afield as Italy, Germany, America and Canada.
PLEASE EMAIL ME OR TELEPHONE ME IF YOU ARE INTERESTED IN PURCHASING ONE OF MY PAINTINGS.


quash = Sections 120-B, 406, 420 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 and 156(3) of the Criminal Procedure Code. = When once the complainant has changed his course of action, from that of a criminal complaint to that of a civil dispute, by giving up the earlier complaint and by making effort to realize the damages, the dispute remains to be only civil dispute thereafter. = when the company is the accused its directors can be roped in only if there is sufficient incriminating evidence against them, coupled with intention, is made. In this case, except against A1 and A2, no allegations against A3 to A6 are made. They are not termed to be the people, who are in-charge of the day-to-day affairs of the petitioner bank. The persons, who signed on the bank guarantee, are the Manager and the Vice President. The manager is not shown in the list of the accused, though the vice president's signature is found. Whether it is of the second petitioner herein or not is not decipherable = However for the reasons aforementioned, prosecution cannot be sustained against any of the petitioners. It can be further said that the conception of the respondents of the act of the petitioner Bank as a criminal act stands erased, by his act of taking a civil course of action i.e. to realize damages. It implies that he has condoned the criminality, if any, in the act of the accused. He cannot, by the manner in which his grievance is addressed, change his line of action and paint the act of the accused, with a brush of criminality as and when he chooses. In the result, the criminal petition is allowed and the proceedings in Cr.No.57 of 2011 on the file of the Police Station Panjagutta, Hyderabad, against the petitioners, are hereby quashed.
quash of the proceedings against them, in the above crime.
the first petitioner and its Manager and Vice President, D.
though the same has to be made available to the complainant.
Director, Directors and Company Secretary respectively.
The petitioners have nothing to do with the alleged offences.
nature and hence, the registration of crime is unsustainable.
2. Whether the delay in the complaint would vitiate it.
to do, commits criminal breach of trust.
8. The Supreme Court in its decision in M/s. THERMAX LTD. v.
someone else which he willingly suffered to do.
of trust is the aspect, which needs examination in this case.
the name of Atlantic Trade Info PVT Ltd., payable at India.
be paid partly in one mode and partly in another mode.
requirement of Section 405 IPC has to be seen.
the deceased bequeathed to legatees.
transport belonging to the consignor/consignee.
commission of offence or not.
complainant infers that the petitioner bank has cheated it.
the concerned bank as per the usual procedure, for necessary action.
not only to guarantees but also to other negotiable instrument.
powers to invoke or for that matter revoke the instrument.
the UTI Bank is no one to tell how business is to be carried out.
Bank Guarantee with a slight amendment to clause 7 of the BG.
guarantee. This contention is absurd to say the least.
guarantee was not received by the complainant before it was revoked.
on the assurance underlying the bank guarantee is no understandable.
revocation of the bank guarantee.
comes up with filing of this complaint.
the years 1993 1995 and complaint was filed in the year 2002.
the earlier report i.e. in the year 2004, the delay is about six years.
jurisdiction under Section 482 C.P.C.
all of which are on the parameters for quash of criminal proceedings.
list of the accused, though the vice president's signature is found.
Whether it is of the second petitioner herein or not is not decipherable.
Panjagutta, Hyderabad, against the petitioners, are hereby quashed.
Previous Post quashing of criminal case Sections 465, 467, 468, 471 and 420 IPC. = It was held that in order to attract the clause secondly under Section 464 IPC, the alteration of a document has to be for some gain or for some objective of the accused. = The first ground, on which quash is sought for, is that the petitioner is not the person who signed on the disputed letter and the person, who signed on the said letter, is not brought to book for the alleged offence and this petitioner is only Secretary and Correspondent, who handed over the letter to the AICTE, without knowing as to whether the said letter is genuine or forged. The second ground is that the AICTE, in fact, was not mislead by the letter given by the petitioner. There was another letter given by the Andhra Bank, sanctioning Rs.5 crores and the said amount would satisfy the requirements of AICTE for granting approval. = A perusal of the said letter shows that it was not signed by the petitioner and he is not the applicant. Hence, from the said angle also, strength is gained to the petitioners pleas and the prosecution against the petitioner cannot be sustained.- the Apex Court in Parminder Kaur v. State of U.P. , wherein the facts are that the accused is alleged to have altered dates in the certified copy of revenue record. It was held that in order to attract the clause secondly under Section 464 IPC, the alteration of a document has to be for some gain or for some objective of the accused. It was also held that merely changing a document does not make it a false document. The Supreme Court considered that adding of figure 1 in the date in document, in question, cannot be said that the document became false for the simple reason that the appellant/accused had nothing to gain from the same and she was not going to save the bar of limitation.
Next Post for quashing, raised by an accused by invoking the power vested in the High Court under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C.:- (i) Step one, whether the material relied upon by the accused is sound, reasonable, and indubitable, i.e., the material is of sterling and impeccable quality? (ii) Step two, whether the material relied upon by the accused, would rule out the assertions contained in the charges levelled against the accused, i.e., the material is sufficient to reject and overrule the factual assertions contained in the complaint, i.e., the material is such, as would persuade a reasonable person to dismiss and condemn the factual basis of the accusations as false. (iii) Step three, whether the material relied upon by the accused, has not been refuted by the prosecution/complainant; and/or the material is such, that it cannot be justifiably refuted by the prosecution/complainant? (iv) Step four, whether proceeding with the trial would result in an abuse of process of the court, and would not serve the ends of justice? If the answer to all the steps is in the affirmative, judicial conscience of the High Court should persuade it to quash such criminal – proceedings, in exercise of power vested in it under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. Such exercise of power, besides doing justice to the accused, would save precious court time, which would otherwise be wasted in holding such a trial (as well as, proceedings arising therefrom) specially when, it is clear that the same would not conclude in the conviction of the accused.-The Criminal Petitions are allowed and further proceedings in C.C.Nos.124 and 125 of 2013 respectively on the file of Special Judge for Economic Offencescum-Additional Metropolitan Sessions Judge, Hyderabad against the petitioners, who are A6 and A3, are hereby quashed.


Bourg producers north of Bordeaux are to plant 1,200m of hedgerows around vineyards in 27 'sensitive sites' around the appellation, including crèches, schools and sports fields. The planting programme, which is underway and will continue over winter 2015/2016, comes one year after 20 children and their teacher were affected with headaches and nausea following a pesticide treatment carried out on vines belonging to Château Castel la Rose and Château de Barbe in Villeneuve, Bourg. The plots were located directly next to the schoolyard.


Mike graduated from Oakland University with a B.S. in Accounting. He joined the firm in 1997, became certified in 1999, and was admitted as a partner in 2010. He is currently involved in auditing, tax preparation and accounting advisory services. Mike's previous employment as controller of a PEO entity, included overseeing the tax and accounting operations of a multi-state employee leasing company. Mike works with numerous local churches, church organizations and various non-profits.
Mike is married and has two daughters. Upon graduation from college, he served two years in the U.S. Peace Corps, working as an accounting instructor while stationed in rural Kenya. Mike is an avid runner, enjoys playing guitar and singing in a local Barbershop Chorus.


text:
Tag: First Bus
Nov 2, 2021 - 04:15 pm
While the world looks to COP26 in Glasgow to turn the tides on catastrophic climate change, we look at change happening on the ground – the decarbonisation of public transport, a field where host nation UK and specifically Scotland may actually shine. Local manufacturers are building unique electric vehicles and are increasingly banking on both […]
Leicester to electrify 200 buses by 2030
In England, the city of Leicester has presented a plan that, among other things, envisages converting half of the bus fleet to electric by 2025 and the entire fleet by 2030. This involves more than 200 vehicles.
ADL & BYD delivered 5 electric double-deckers to Leeds
The manufacturer alliance Alexander Dennis Limited and BYD has delivered five BYD ADL Enviro400EV electric double-decker buses to West Yorkshire Combined Authority and bus operator First Bus – for the new Stourton Park&Ride service in Leeds.
Jun 5, 2021 - 08:16 pm
First Bus to turn Caledonia bus depot into charging hub
The UK-based public transport operator First Bus has started work on an ambitious new project they say will transform its Glasgow Caledonia bus depot into the UK's largest EV charging hub. The project is set for completion in 1.5 years.
Apr 1, 2021 - 12:45 pm
First Bus order 125 electric buses from BYD-ADL
UK electric bus partners BYD and ADL have received another major order from Scotland. The operator First Bus has ordered 126 electric buses for use in Glasgow. These are 91 double-decker and 35 single-deck buses, which are to operate in Glasgow from March 2023.
Mar 19, 2021 - 03:19 pm
First Bus orders electric double-deckers
Electric bus partners BYD and ADL have received another order from England. Operator First Bus has ordered five BYD ADL Enviro400EV all-electric double-decker buses for use in West Yorkshire.
E-buses from BYD headed to COP26 in Glasgow & Kyoto
Major electric bus maker BYD has received orders from the UK and Japan, and the US to deliver zero-emission vehicles. At least the electric buses headed for Glasgow and Kyoto will make for a sight, whereas the EVs going to the US will go there silently.
https://www.electrive.com/2021/11/02/world-leaders-to-get-the-e-bus-at-cop26-in-glasgow/


Not that this applies to any of us but that certain game addiction clinic in Amsterdam is planning on using in-game counsiling to help WoW addicts break their addiction.
Those addicts better have their heathstone or a stealth spell at the ready, else they face a counsiling lecture.
Lol, a bunch of therapists are about to get seriously pwned.


text:
(Watch) Lil' Kim and Nick Cannon talk Career Highlights
Fahad Faruqi | Dec 23, 2021 1:44 pm
courtesy of the Nick Cannon Show
Nick Cannon: "Our history… I remember even on the BET awards, it was right when drumline first came out and I was one of the drummers on stage. I was so honored you called and asked me to be a part of the show and from there I was like whatever you need the biggest favor anything you ever need from me I will be there.
Lil' Kim: "That was the beginning of our relationship and I remember you were so good…he came to rehearsal, he came to stage and he came to like everything. He was so supportive and then during the show, my mic goes out. He drops his drums and runs off the stage and he's yelling 'her mic is off.'"
Nick Cannon: "I ran and got her microphone, put the drum back on, and was back at it."


text:
Q: chrome extension и getElementsByClassName chrome.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(function(){
var objList = document.getElementsByClassName("anyClass");
alert(objList.length)
})

По клику на значок расширения должен выводиться алерт, показывающий количество элементов на странице с классом. Но возвращается всегда 0.
Если в консоли прописать
var objList = document.getElementsByClassName("anyClass")

то список создаётся. Если через расширение то нет. Что я делаю не так?

A: Как-то так, не тестил:
chrome.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(function(tab){

  chrome.tabs.executeScript(tab.id, {
    code: `
       var objList = document.getElementsByClassName("anyClass");
       alert(objList.length)`
  });
})


Despite the fact that I had so many events lined up, I manged to catch some me – time and Kempinski hotel made me feel at home.
The hotel is beautiful and I fell in love with the artwork and exotic decor. The service was great, the food was good and it was a very relaxed atmosphere.
The Presidential inauguration, which i attended was a 'native attire' themed event. I wore our traditional wrapper and blouse (Iro and Buba), with a modern twist. I love the very detailed fabric, embellished with crystals and pearls.
I was really running late on the day, and its such a tough decision trying to figure out if i should run into the car, or just take some pictures; so kindly excuse my facial expression…LOL.
I enjoyed every bit of my stay in Accra Ghana, but it feels great to be back home to my babies.


Hans Aarsman (Amsterdam, 1951) is a Dutch photographer and writer, who worked as a photojournalist at Dutch newspaper Trouw and published a series of books. In 1989 he published the book Hollandse Taferelen (Dutch scenes). Aarsman travelled through Holland with his camper for a year, and took pictures of landscapes from the roof of his camper. After 1989 he published three more photo books, before he left photography. He now writes about photography, a.o. for the Volkskrant, and teaches at the Rijksacademie in Amsterdam.
Lino Hellings (1950) is an independent artist, educated as sociologist. She was one of the founders of the legendary Dogtroep, making site specific theatre. From 1992 she worked as an individual artist making art for public space such as railway stations, hospitals and school buildings using different media like video installation, sound walks and large scale photography. In 2004 she created a Train compartment for Alzheimer patients together with Yvonne Dröge Wendel. In 2008 Hellings founded PAPA participating artists' press agency, an internationally curated network of artist-correspondents.


text:
Copyright © 2019 ForTheVoiceless.org | All Rights Reserved
ForTheVoiceless.org
Be The Voice
Sanctuary Map
Neal Barnard, M.D.: What If The Whole World Went Vegan
In this episode of The Exam Room™ podcast, Neal Barnard, M.D., joins "The Weight Loss Champion" Chuck Carroll to discuss the enormous environmental implications of adopting a plant-based diet. Thirty percent of total greenhouse gas emissions can be attributed to food production, with animal products accounting for the majority of that, according to leading scientific researchers. And that's just the tip of the iceberg!
JAMES ASPEY – PLANET SLAUGHTERHOUSE – PART 1/2 | London Real
James Aspey is a animal rights activist from Sydney, Australia. At the age of only 17 he was diagnosed with leukaemia and told he had 6 weeks to live. He beat cancer after 3 years of chemotherapy and during that time he began partying and abusing drugs. He turned his life around once again and became a passionate personal trainer so he could help others with their health. He spent 7 years working on a cruise ship, and partying a lot was the norm. That lead to an eating disorder. His journey changed direction when he met a wise Indian man who told him eating animals is bad karma. He went vegetarian for a 7 day experiment and felt surprisingly great. He researched into the health benefits and realised how much he has been missing out! Upon more research he discovered the shocking and violent truth of what is being done to animals for food, clothing, entertainment and medical testing. It led him to the question, "If we don't need to kill and eat animals to be healthy, what are we doing this for?" The best justifications he could find or hear were incredibly weak. In 2014 he took a 365 day vow of silence and cycled 5000 kilometers to raise awareness for animals and promote peace over violence. He broke his vow during a live interview on Australia's most popular morning TV show. James is now travelling the world giving free speeches to make our planet a more sustainable place.


text:
Casting the Runes (M.R. James)
John Harrington runs across the fields, almost blind with terror. His dog, left behind, whimpering and cowering with fear, can only watch as the creature closes in on his master. Harrington runs for his life but instinct tells him that the creature is gaining on him and he trips, stumbles and falls. When they find him, grown men recoil in horror when they discover that something had broken almost every bone in his body...
A masterful, contemporary reworking of M.R. James' classic ghost story, Casting the Runes is adapted by BAFTA-nominated playwright Clive Exton and directed by long-time adapter of James' most chilling stories - Lawrence Gordon Clark. Never before released commercially, this play features an unsettling performance from Iain Cuthbertson as the malevolent Karswell and strong central performances from both Edward Petherbridge (as the unlucky Henry Harrington, for whom time is ticking away) and Jan Francis as television producer Prudence Dunning.
Mr. Humphreys and His Inheritance
Possibly one of the rarest of the still-existing M.R. James adapations, this was made for the ITV Schools slot as a casebook example on how to use music in drama to evoke emotional response.
A Pleasant Terror: The Life and Ghosts of M.R. James
A semi-dramatised documentary on the life and works of M.R. James, featuring contributions from Christopher Lee, Ruth Rendell, Jonathan Miller and James' biographer Michael Cox.
Clive Dunn
David Calder
50 mins + extras


text:
In many English-speaking countries, a telegram messenger, more often known as a telegram delivery boy, telegraph boy or telegram boy was a young man employed to deliver telegrams, usually on bicycle. In the United Kingdom, they were employed by the General Post Office; in the United States, they worked for Western Union or other telegraph companies.

In the United Kingdom
Telegram boys became popular in the United Kingdom after the General Post Office took over control of inland telegraphs from the railways and private telegraph companies. Many of the boys employed by these services to deliver telegrams transferred to the Post Office. In some respects the life of a telegram boy was not unlike that of someone in military service. They were expected to behave in a manner befitting one who wore the uniform of the Queen, and were required to complete a daily drill. From 1915 to 1921, morning exercise was added to these requirements.

During the 1930s the Post Office introduced motorcycles. This started in Leeds where boys aged 17 were allowed to volunteer for training, but only with the permission of their parents. However, following the success of this, motorcycles were soon introduced elsewhere in the country. The fleet was comprised almost exclusively of BSA B33-1 250cc motorbikes which boys were expected to ride at an average of 15 mph. Later 125cc BSA Bantams were used. These were finally replaced with smaller Raleigh and Puch models.

During its heyday in the 1930s, the service was delivering an average of 65 million telegrams per year; however, the service was running at a loss, estimated at £1 million annually.

Throughout the 1960s and 1970s the use of telegrams had dropped significantly, with around 10 million sent annually in the mid-1960s. Consequently, the Post Office took the decision in 1977 to abolish the service. The service continued for a few years and was briefly operated by British Telecom after it split from the Post Office. British Telecom announced on 19 October 1981 that the telegram would be discontinued, and it was finally taken out of service on 30 September 1982 after 139 years in the United Kingdom.

The telegram as such was superseded by the British Telecom Telemessage service, introduced in October 1982. Messages were dictated over the telephone or sent via telex, printed, and delivered overnight by first class post in a distinctive envelope guaranteed for next day delivery, rather than by messenger.

In the United States

Telegraph boys (also referred to as district messenger boys, telegraph messenger boys, or simply as messenger boys) were uniformed young men between 10 and 18 years of age who carried telegrams through urban streets. In most areas they used bicycles; in some dense areas they went on foot. Unlike the men in the telegraph office who worked indoors on fixed wages under close supervision, enjoyed union benefits, and managed the electrical transfer of information, telegraph boys worked outdoors under no supervision on piece wages, saw no union benefits, and managed the physical aspect of the industry in the form of handwritten or printed paper messages.

Boys reported for work in the morning clad in their uniforms and awaited their assignments, receiving payment by the mile. Though some chose to travel by foot, bicycles were required for distant destinations. John Dickinson of Dallas, Texas accumulated more than 16,000 miles between April and September 1916. Western Union bought 5,000 bicycles a year and resold them to their telegraph boys nationwide at a discount. A local fleet might number from one to three dozen or more. Companies were responsible for providing uniform laundries, locker rooms, assembly halls, and classrooms.

In the call-box system developed in 1872, a customer would ring the telegraph office for a messenger who would then speed to the customer's door to pick up a handwritten message and return to the telegraph office to have it sent electrically to its destination.

The life could be dangerous. Boys were expected to "scorch" their bicycles in urban traffic. Strikes occurred with messenger boys cycling en-masse to keep scabs from being hired. Boys attended continuation schools on a four-hours-per-week schedule rather than the 36-hour schedule of public schools.  During slack times, the telegraph office hid the boys from public view in basements and back rooms where they smoked, read penny dreadfuls, and shot craps.  Weekends or evenings might involve taking part in uniformed military drills before the public.  At night, the boys might be required to enter the red light districts in connection with their job duties. The demand for telegraph boys fell when companies began reading messages over the telephone.

In the autumn of 1913, bicycling telegraph boy Robert Crawford of Washington, D.C. collided with a car carrying President Woodrow Wilson. The President sent his personal physician to attend Crawford. Later, he visited the boy in the hospital and presented him with a new bicycle. "I did not know it was the President's car that I ran into," the boy said. Wilson replied, "I rather thought it was the President's car that ran into you."

Notable telegram boys
 Frank McCourt, author and teacher
 Ralph Reader, founder of the Scout Gang Shows
 Dave Ward, deputy leader of the Communication Workers Union
 Hyman G. Rickover, Father of the US Nuclear Navy
 Iain Pattison, writer of Rab C Nesbit was a telegram boy in the mid-1960s
 Keith Holyoake, Prime Minister of New Zealand

See also

Bicycle messenger
Cargo bike
Child labour
Courier
Outline of cycling
Package delivery
Paperboy or papergirl

References

External links
 The British Postal Museum and Archive - Telegram Messengers
 A Telegram Boy. 1942 - 1945 by John Vickers WW2 People's War, BBC Online
 Motorbike messengers of death and fortune, Medway Memories
 Site for former Telegram Messenger Boys
 Site for former Leicestershire Telegram Messenger Boys

Telegraphy


The technological capabilities of my Google Glass and smartphone allow me to see the things my eyes can't, and have helped me become an ultramarathon runner. But there are plenty of forces and trends in the world that are hidden from us all, even those with full use of their sight.
At the core of science lie questions about these unseen forces. The experiments we design to answer these questions advance our knowledge of the world. If I can use my smartphone to help me see things my eyes can't, imagine what you can use it to illuminate. The smartphone's multitude of built-in sensors, including light, audio and accelerometers for movement, enable us to create experiments which answer questions that are important to us. The Google Science Journal simplifies this entire process and gives us a simple interface to create, record and analyse experiments, truly allowing anyone to contribute to our scientific knowledge of the world.
Now all you need to do is identify questions you want to answer, and head out into the world and begin observing. For me? I plan on finding out the best seat to sit on a roller coaster. Thanks to the accelerometer, I will be able to record and analyse data to find the best possible seat for the greatest thrill.
With the power of the scientific method in our pockets, we can all go out and become a scientist.
Simon Wheatcroft lost his sight at 17 and began a journey of adapting technology to achieve the impossible. Through the aid of a smartphone and the feeling underfoot Simon learnt to run solo outdoors and ran his first ever race 7 months later – a 100 mile road race. Simon is now a motivational speaker and consultant on accessibility, to find out more see his website.


Foreclosure is a nightmare to any family going through it irrespective of the reasons why they are about to lose their home. Today we are going to look at the foreclosures effects in Lincoln, Nebraska and what local house sellers need to know. First we will look at the effects and the ways of easing them.
House Values In Your Community – Another one of the big foreclosure effects in Lincoln, NE is that they tend to lower the overall value of the houses in your neighborhood… especially if there are multiple foreclosures in the immediate area.
Talk with a local real estate expert, like Element HomeBuyers: We know the local Lincoln real estate market well and are very experienced in the foreclosure process here in NE. Give us a call at (402) 810-7070 and we can guide you toward the resources that can possibly help you.
Sell your house: If you'd rather find a way to sell your house and avoid the foreclosure all together, great! We buy local Lincoln houses for cash… and would love to look at your situation and make you a fair all-cash offer on your house. Just call us at (402) 810-7070 or shoot us your details through this website.
With the above knowledge on foreclosure effects in Lincoln – what sellers need to know, you can guard yourself by calling Element HomeBuyers at (402) 810-7070 and we shall assist you in the shortest time possible to sell your house. However, to fast track the process, kindly fill out our website contact form to give us more information about you. We'd love to connect with you and help you find the best solution!


text:
Tanja Schmitz (* 13. April 1973 in Düsseldorf) ist eine deutsche Schauspielerin, Dialogbuchautorin, Dialogregisseurin und Synchronsprecherin.

Wirken
Bereits vor dem Abitur begann Schmitz mit ihrer Schauspielkarriere. Ihr erster Kinofilm war Total bescheuert aus dem Jahre 1987. Nach dem Abitur studierte sie drei Jahre lang Tanz, Gesang und Schauspiel. Zahlreiche Engagements an Bühnen im deutschsprachigen Raum folgten, unter anderem in Düsseldorf, Berlin, Hamburg.

Im Fernsehen wurde Tanja Schmitz vor allem durch die Rolle der Julia von der Marwitz in der ARD-Serie Lindenstraße bekannt. Von März 1995 (Folge 484) bis September 1996 (Folge 565) wirkte sie in der Familienserie mit. Danach spielte sie in der SWR-Serie Die Fallers die Rolle der Eva Schönfeldt. Von 2004 bis 2011 war sie die Darstellerin der Journalistin Britta Oberländer in der WDR-Dauerserie Die Anrheiner.
Weiterhin drehte sie zahlreiche Kurzfilme und war zum Beispiel in Die Wache, SK Kölsch und SK-Babies zu sehen.

Tanja Schmitz lebt in Berlin und ist als Sprecherin, Dialogbuchautorin- und Regisseurin im Synchron und am Theater tätig. 2013 war sie Mitbegründerin des "Jungen Ensembles der Neuköllner Oper" und inszenierte dort "Quartett". Weitere Inszenierungen am Theater folgten, unter anderem "Die Flussgeistmelodie" und "Krankheit der Jugend".

Sprechrollen (Auswahl)

Filme
 2001: Kate & Leopold (Stephanie Sanditz) – Rolle: Gretchen
 2002: Nicholas Nickleby (Anne Hathaway) – Rolle: Madeline Bray
 2011: Monster High – Monsterkrass verliebt! (Kate Higgins) – Rolle: Frankie Stein
 2013: Nymphomaniac (Sarah Soetaert) – Rolle: Boss
 2015: My Little Pony: Equestria Girls – Friendship Games (Ashleigh Ball) – Rolle: Rainbow Dash (Sprache)
 2016: My Little Pony: Equestria Girls – Legend of Everfree (Ashleigh Ball) – Rolle: Rainbow Dash (Sprache)
 2017: Wir gehören nicht hierher – Rolle: Elisa
 2018: Der Brotverdiener – Rolle: Soraya
 2018: Roxanne Roxanne – Rolle: Sparky Dee

Serien
 2008: Avatar – Der Herr der Elemente (Mae Whitman) – Rolle: Katara (Staffel 3)
 2009: Vampire Knight (Yui Horie) – Rolle: Yûki Cross
 2009–2010: Fullmetal Alchemist – Rolle: Lyra
 2010: Sekirei (Alexis Tipton, Saori Hayami) – Rolle: Musubi
 2012–2013: My Little Pony – Freundschaft ist Magie (Tabitha St. Germain) – Rolle: Derpy (Staffel 2)
 2012–2019: Winx Club (Kimberly Brooks) – Rolle: Stormy (ab Staffel 5)
 seit 2013: Ever After High (Jonquil Goode) – Rolle: Apple White
 2014–2018: Die Thundermans (Helen Hong) – Rolle: Mrs. Wong (20 Folgen)
 2015: Kirby Buckets (Suzi Barrett) – Rolle: Mom
 2015: My Little Pony – Freundschaft ist Magie (Ashleigh Ball) – Rolle: Rainbow Dash (2. Stimme) (ab Staffel 4)
 2015: Emma, einfach magisch! (Melissa Carcache) – Rolle: Lily
 2016–2017: Hanazuki: Full of Treasures (Jessica DiCicco) – Rolle: Hanazuki
 2016–2018: Odd Mom Out (Jill Webber) – Rolle Jill Webber
 2018–2019: Detektiv Conan – Rolle: Ayumi Yoshida (ab Staffel 5)
 2018: Wentworth – Rolle Ruby (6. Staffel)
 2018: Sweetbitter – Rolle: Heather
 2018–2019: Aggretsuko – Rolle: Fenneko
 2019: Why Women Kill (Ginnifer Goodwin) – Rolle: Beth Ann Stanton

Dialogbuch und Regie (Auswahl)
 Sofia die Erste – Auf einmal Prinzessin – Disney
 Maltese – HBO
 Sweetbitter – HBO
 Schitt's Creek – Netflix (Staffel 4)
 Commissario Marshall – Sony
 The Breadwinner – Netflix
 Roxanne, Roxanne – Netflix
 Unicorn Store – Netflix
 Set it up – Netflix
 Doc McStuffins, Spielzeugärztin – Disney
 Der Kater mit Hut – Kika
 Winx – Nickelodeon
 Monster High – Mattel
 Ever After High – Mattel
 Emma, einfach magisch! – Nickelodeon
 My Little Pony – Hasbro
 My Little Pony – Equestria Girls – Hasbro
 What's Up Warthogs – Kika (2. Staffel, Buch)

Weblinks

 Tanja Schmitz auf der Internetpräsenz der Lindenstraße
  Die Anrheiner

Filmschauspieler
Deutscher
Geboren 1973
Frau


Found this baby today in an alley for free, and think it will make a nice parts grill for some others I'm working on. The handle looks to be in great shape, and I need one to replace a nice stained hardwood handle I've got on another grill that is breaking, but this appears to be some sort of composite wood or possible Trex. Does anybody know what these are made of and if they'll take stain?
The shelves/handle are made of a material called Durawood. I'm not positive, but I don't believe they will hold stain.