text:
Horwath v. Lee
Shindelar v. Holdeman
Shindelar, as junior party whose application is co-pending with that of Holdeman et al., bears the burden of…
Lutzker v. Plet
Moreover, when there is an unreasonable delay between the actual reduction to practice and the filing of a…
Full title:ROBERT O. HORWATH AND JAMES C. CHEN, APPELLANTS, v. CHIN K. LEE, LAWRENCE…
Court:United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals
Date published: Nov 10, 1977
564 F.2d 948 (C.C.P.A. 1977)
United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals
In Horwath v. Lee, 564 F.2d 948, 195 USPQ 701 (CCPA 1977), the court found an equitable estoppel based on Horwath's "suppression or concealment" of the invention for 66 months.
Summary of this case from Paulik v. Rizkalla
Appeal No. 77-561.
Louis F. Reed, Fish Neave, Aaron B. Karas, New York City, attys, of record, for appellants.
John J. Cavanaugh Neuman, Williams, Anderson Olson, Chicago, Ill., Attys. of record, for appellees.
Appeal from the Board of Patent Interferences.
Before MARKEY, chief Judge, and RICH, BALDWIN, LANE and MILLER, Judges.
MARKEY, Chief Judge.
Appeal from the decision of the Board of Patent Interferences (board) awarding priority to Long under 35 U.S.C. § 102(g) because Horwath et al. (Horwath) suppressed or concealed the invention. We affirm.
Horwath is junior by virtue of application serial No. 207,573 filed December 13, 1971, entitled "Process for Enzymatically Isomerizing Glucose to Fructose." Lee et al.(Lee) are senior by virtue of patent No. 3,645,848 issued February 29, 1972, entitled "Process for Preparing Glucose Isomerase," on application serial No. 877,474 filed November 17, 1969. During the motion period, Lee moved to substitute application serial No. 361,548, filed by Long for reissue of Lee patent No. 3,645,848, it having been discovered that Long was the sole inventor of the counts in issue. The primary examiner treated the motion to substitute as a motion to add the Long reissue application to the Lee-Horwath interference and granted it. Lee admitted that as between Lee and Long, "Long is the original and sole inventor of the subject matter of all of the counts in interference." Thus, this interferences is a contest between Horwath and Long.
Long was one of the named coinventors on the Lee patent.
Long took no testimony and is restricted to her November 17, 1969, filing date. Frilette v. Kimberlin, 412 F.2d 1390, 56 CCPA 1242 (1969). Horwath's testimony, the board found, established an actual reduction to practice prior to November 17, 1969.
Counts and Subject Matter
Six counts are involved. Counts 1 and 2 are directed to a process for preparing a glucose-isomerizing enzyme, using a microorgainism of the genus Arthrobacter. Counts 3-5, and phantom count 6, are directed to a process for isomerizing glucose to fructose, using the glucose-isomerizing enzyme derived from the microorganism Arthrobacter.
Counts 1, 3 and 6 are representative:
1. A process for preparing a glucose-isomerizing enzyme which comprises inoculating a carbohydrate-containing nutrient medium with a micro-organism belonging to the genus Arthrobacter, maintaining the inoculated medium for a period of time under conditions suitable for productions of said enzymes by said organism and recovering said enzyme.
3. A process for converting glucose to fructose which comprises incubating a glucose-containing liquor with a glucose-isomerizing enzyme derived from a microorganism belonging to the genus Arthrobacter and recovering a fructose-containing liquor.
6. A process for converting glucose to fructose which comprises incubating a glucose-containing liquor with a glucose-isomerizing enzyme derived from a micro-organism belonging to the genus Arthrobacter and recovering a fructose-containing liquor said incubation is carried out at a temperature of about 45° to about 90°C in a pH range of approximately 6.0 to 10.0 and said enzyme is derived from an Arthrobacter micro-organism grown in a nutrient medium containing xylose or xylan.
The board held that Horwath established actual reduction to practice, by a preponderance of evidence and that Long had sustained her burden of proving that Horwath abandoned, suppressed, or concealed the invention.
Long argued that Horwath must prove priority beyond reasonable doubt because Horwath did not file until publication of a Dutch application corresponding to the Lee application. The reasonable doubt standard applies when an interfacing application is filed after issuance of a patent. Silvestri v. Grant, 496 F.2d 593 (CCPA 1974), cert. denied, 420 U.S. 928, 95 S.Ct. 1126, 43 L.Ed.2d 399 (1975). The preponderance of evidence standard applies when, as here, an interfacing application is co-pending with another application. Kawai v. Metlesics, 480 F.2d 880 (CCPA `973); Frilette v. Kimberlin, supra.
The dispositive issue is whether the record sustains Long's burden or proving suppression or concealment by Horwath.
We agree with the board that Horwath reduced the invention to practice prior to November 17, 1969. Because we also agree with the board's conclusion respecting suppression or concealment, a discussion of the reduction to practice issue raised by Long on appeal is unnecessary.
Fact situations surrounding suppression or concealment issues require consideration on a case-by-case basis. Young v. Dworkin, 489 F.2d 1277 (CCPA 1974); Myers v. Feigelman, 455 F.2d 596, 59 CCPA 834(1972). That mere delay will not establish suppression or concealment, and that proof of "spurring" is not essential to a finding of suppression or concealment, are guidelines set forth in Young, 489 F.2d at 1281.
Against the rule that merely delay will not alone establish suppression or concealment stands the linchpin of the patent system — early public disclosure — which is fostered by the § 102(g) codification of existing law:
[B]y deliberate concealment or suppression of the knowledge of his invention [the inventor] * * * subordinates his claim, in accordance with the general policy of the law in the promotion of the public interest, to that of another and bona fide inventor who during the period of inaction and concealment shall have given the benefit of the discovery to the public. Viewed in the light of "the true policy and ends of the patents laws," the latter is the first to invent, and therefore entitled to the reward.
Thomson v. Weston, 19 App.D.C. 373, 1902 C.D. 521 (1902). See, also Manson v. Hepburn, 13 App.D.C. 86, 1898 C.D. 510 (1898).
The man who secretes his invention makes easier and plainer the path of no one. He contributes nothing to the public. Over and over it has been repeated that the object of the patent system is through protection to stimulate invention, and investors ought to understand that this is for the public good. Where an invention is made and hidden away it might as well never have been made at all, at least so far as the public is concerned. The law owes nothing to such an inventor, and to permit him to lie in wait, so to speak, for one who independently and in good faith proceeds to make and disclose to the public the same invention would be both unjust and against the policy of the patent laws. In the eyes of the law he is not the prior inventor.
Brown v. Campbell, 41 App.D.C. 499, 501-02, 1914 C.D. 170, 171-72 (1914).
When an inventor actually reduces to practice an invention, public policy dictates that if he would have the benefits of the patent systems vis-a-vis rival independent inventors he must file his application for patent promptly. The longer he delays the greater are the equities that may be raised on behalf of one who made the same invention and promptly disclosed it in the Patent and trademark Office. The theory is not forfeiture, estoppel, or other legal rule by which one is deprived of a property right; it is the simple rule that the property right shall reside in the second inventor who disclosed and not in the first inventor who concealed, i.e., the law prefers and will reward earlier disclosure over earlier invention. See Rich, J., concurring, in Young v. Dworkin, supra.
Before us, Horwath's principal argument is a response to the board's assertion that his patent application did not reflect improvements over an April, 1967 invention disclosure. Howarth directs our attention to four portion of his patent application said to reflect such improvement.
Long argues that the additional material resulted from a flurry of activity after Horwath learned of the Dutch application corresponding to the Lee application, but, as indicated, "spurring" is not a necessary element of proof of suppression. Young v. Dworkin, supra.
The first portion is a list of eight preferred Arthrobacter species of which two were used in 1966. Though screening additional species may have started prior to 1971, the bulk of the work was performed during 1971. An unexplained five year delay in performing the additional screening is inconsistent with an intent to provide early public disclosure.
The second portion mentions cobalt salt as a source of metal ions of propagating the microorganism. Use of a source of metal ions is not, however, mentioned in any claims. More importantly, a cobalt salt was used in Howarth's 1966 research. The result of work done prior to actual reduction to practice cannot serve to explain a five year delay in disclosing that result.
The third portion is the general statement, "The glucose isomerase may also be bound to an inert carrier and used for the isomerization." It is inconceivable that five years of research were required to support that statement.
The fourth portion is an example and table, reflecting glucose isomerizing activity of various Arthrobacter species and said to support the broad claims in Horwath's application. The record fails, however, to demonstrate or point out consistent Horwath efforts to develop the information in the example and table over the five year span preceding his filing date.
Horwath began the research leading to his invention in November, 1965, and reduced it to practice in five months. Factors necessitating a period of sixty-six months to refine and perfect the invention, if such factors existed, are simply not adequately supported in the record.
Horwath repeats here the argument made to the board that Long has not sustained her burden of proving suppression or concealment. The board correctly held that an unreasonable or excessive delay raised an inference of intent to suppress and shifted to Horwath the burden of explaining the delay. Peeler v. Miller, 535 F.2d 647, 655-56 (CCPA 1976) (Miller, J., concurring).
On that issue we adopt as our own the applicable portion of the board's unpublished opinion: [Footnotes re findings of fact omitted. Remaining footnotes renumbered. "18C" was a test sample designation used by Standard Brands. "G.I.E." refers to glucose-isomerizing enzyme.]
OPINION AND DECISION OF BOARD OF PATENT INTERFERENCES, NOVEMBER 30, 1976.
Gaston and Modance, Examiners of Interferences and McKelvey, Acting Examiner of Interferences.
Mckelvey, Acting Examiner of Interferences.
We turn now to the second issue raised by Long: "suppression" or "concealment" of the invention by Horwath et al. Under the facts of this case, we hold that the evidence has raised at least an inference of suppression or concealment of the invention by the party Horwath et al. and their assignee, Standard Brands, Inc., which has not been rebutted. The conduct of Standard Brands, Inc., in bringing information concerning, and knowledge of, the invention ultimately to the public is relevant to a determination of "suppression" or "concealment." Such conduct is imputable to Horwath et al. Peeler v. Miller, 535 F.2d 647 (CCPA 1976).
In Palmer v. Dudzik, 481 F.2d 1377, 1387 (CCPA 1973), the court stated:
". . . the question whether suppression or concealment under 35 U.S.C. § 102(g) is negated ought to be determined by asking whether the public has gained knowledge of the invention which will insure its preservation in the public domain (Original emphasis)."
The word "suppress" has included the idea of keeping from public knowledge. Young v. Dworkin, supra.
Shortly after the successful actual reduction to practice in April 1966, chen and Mueller were transfered to another division of Standard Brands, Inc. where, according to the principal brief of Horwath et al., they conducted:
". . . further experiments to `scale-up' operations and to ascertain the eventual commercial feasibility of `18C' as a source of G.I.E which would be capable of efficiently and economically converting glucose to fructose. From then until the filing of the Horwath et al. Patent application, work was conducted to ascertain and establish the commercial feasibility of `18C' Arthrobacter for this purpose."
Filing of the Horwath et al. patent application occurred December 13, 1971, some five and a half years after the successful actual reduction to practice. Where there is unreasonable delay between actual reduction to practice and the filing of a patent application, there is a basis for inferring an intent to suppress or conceal. Peeler v. Miller, supra, and cases cited therein. In our view, a nearly six-year delay from the time an inventor is satisfied with his invention to the time his assignee-employer files a patent application is prima facie unreasonable in an interferences with a party who filed first. Compare Peeler v. Miller, supra; Brokaw v. Vogel, 429 F.2d 476, 57 CCPA 1296 (1970). That delay, coupled with the statements found in Ex-81, is sufficient basis for inferring an intent to suppress or conceal.
Findings of Fact 11, supra. [reprinted below]
11. On April 8, 1966, a report was issued which states:
"Attached please find a copy of Dr. Pomper's report dated February 28, March 4, March 18 and March 28, 1966. These reports should bring you up to date on the status of our work with the 18C organism. Your comments and suggestions will be appreciated.
I mentioned to you over the telephone that it was our intention to keep this information restricted to only a very few key people in our Company. Consequently, I would appreciate it very much if you would not pass on the attached reports beyond Dr. MacAllister.
As I see it, the main points to be resolved with 18C are:
The question remains whether Horwath et al. have adduced evidence of activities during the delay period to excuse, explain or justify the delay. Peeler v. Miller, supra; Young v. Dworkin, supra; Frey v. Wagner, 24 CCPA 823, 87 f.2D 212 (1937) ("The law does not punish an inventor for attempting to perfect his process before he givers it to the public"). In their reply brief and in a memorandum filed after oral hearing, Horwath et al. shift from the "commercial feasibility" description of the purpose of Standard Brands, Inc. activities during the period in question to one of "continued activities to refine, perfect or improve the invention." Horwath et al. draw our attention to Exhibits listed in the "Documentary Chronology of Horwath et al.," presented as an appendix to the brief of both parties, as evidence of their activities.
We do not depreciate the work represented in those Exhibits. We note, however, that no witness testified that any specific refinements or improvements which seem to be delineated in those exhibits later were ultimately included in the Howarth et al. patent application, or that the ultimate patent application discloses much more than the April 1967 patent memorandum (Ex-11). Nor has counsel for Horwath et al. drawn our attention to any such specific activity during that period which is reflected in the Horwath et al. application and goes beyond the disclosure of Ex-11. Such refinements and improvements which were made to perfect the process, already actually reduced to practice by Horwarth et al. in April 1966 and disclosed in Ex-11, would appear to remain suppressed or concealed, insofar as the application filed in December 1971 is concerned. The activities of Horwarth et al. subsequent to April 1967 neither serve to excuse the delay not to insure that the public has gained knowledge of the invention so as to guarantee its preservation in the public domain, Cf. Pingree v. Hull, 518 F.2d 624 (CCPA 1975).
It is true, of course, that various of the exhibits reflect an interest on the part of various personnel of Standard Brands, Inc. in patenting the process employing 18C. Indeed, Horwath had furnished patent counsel with a memorandum for preparing a patent application in April 1967 (Ex-11; Ex-136). But how was this interest implemented? Patent counsel's unanswered requests in 1967 and 1968 for information as to the status of the 18C project and for a more complete invention record are stark evidence of the apparent attitude of indifference, supineness or benign neglect which had attached to the Horwath et al. invention. Only after Lee et al. had entered the field in November 1969 was further taxonomic work actually undertaken on 18C apparently for the purpose of filing a patent application. Only after Horwath et al. and other Standard Brands, Inc. personnel had learned on or about July 23, 1971 of the entry of Lee et al. into the field by virtue of the published Dutch patent application was further work immediately undertaken, apparently by Chen to obtain and screen other Arthrobacter cultures for G.I.E. activity, the results of which appear in the Horwath et al. application filed in December 1971 and do exceed the memorandum disclosure of Ex-11.
With respect to Ex-13, dated February 24, 1969, Pomper testified that he didn't "recall exactly what happened," as the result of that memorandum. * * * Horwath testified that no work was done by his group on 18C between April 10, 1967 and February 24, 1969, the dates of Ex-11 and Ex-13, respectively. [Findings of fact and Record citations omitted.]
Inasmuch as Chen screened 14 Arthrobacter cultures for G.I.E. activity within one month after Horwath and other Standard Brands personnel learned of the published Dutch application of Lee et al., quite consistent with the man hours estimated by Horwath, it is appropriate to wonder why more screening along those lines was not done earlier in follow-up of the recommendation of D'Andrea on April 21, 1966. Various Arthrobacter cultures were apparently available either from Standard Brands, Inc. collections or from recognized depositories at that time. [Findings of fact and record citations omitted.]
There is no direct evidence that Horwath et al. (or Standard Brands, Inc.) was spurred into filing their application upon learning on or about July 23, 1971 of the Lee et al. published Dutch patent application. We believe, however, it is reasonable to infer from the record here that it was such knowledge of the published Dutch application that led Horwath et al./Standard Brands, Inc. to file their application when they finally did, Brokaw v. Vogel, supra, although spurring is not an "essential element" of proving suppression or concealment, Young v. Dworkin, supra; Peeler v. Miller, supra.
We conclude in light of the record that Horwath et al./Standard Brands, Inc. have not come forward with sufficient evidence to overcome the prima facie case of suppression or concealment made out by Long. It follows that Horwath et al. have lost their right to rely on their April 1966 actual reduction to practice, and that Long is entitled to an award of priority.
On the other hand, the evidence is sufficient to negate Long's argument that Horwath et al. had abandoned the invention. See Silvestri v. Grant, 496 F.2d 593 (CCPA 1974).
In sum, we agree with the board that the delay in this case was excessive, unreasonable, and inadequately explained; that, within the meaning of § 102(g), Horwath suppressed or concealed the invention; and that, as between Horwath and Long, the greater right to a patent resides in Long.
The decision of the board is affirmed.
b. Taxonomic identification: We will try a little more at Stamford, although I am not too hopeful of being able to do a good job (it is more a matter of luck, as we are not set up to do this kind of work). We may have to go to outside experts to identify 18C (if this is deemed a necessary FDA [U.S. Food Drug Administration] requirement" (emphasis in original).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
churches in the Philippines
Mary's Windows: How the Xavier-Ateneo church's stained glass windows came to be
Nov 4, 2021 3:15 PM PHT
Mike Baños
WINDOWS. Mary's windows at XU Church
Courtesy of Fr. Antonio Samson, Ryan Carreon and Roland Kraut
The stained glass windows are the collective vision of three unlikely companions
The University Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary has been the centerpiece of Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan's (XU) campus since the 1950s.
Named in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the patroness of Xavier-Ateneo, it was blessed and dedicated on December 8, 1954, by the university's founder and first archbishop of Cagayan de Oro, James Hayes, and renamed on September 8, 2013, the feast day of the Nativity of Mary.
Yet, even after 18 years, very few people still know the story behind the church's "Mary's Windows."
TRIO. (L-R) Fr. Antonio Samson, Roland Kraut, and Ryan Carreon
Its stained glass windows are the collective vision of three unlikely companions: a Jesuit priest, a budding young artist, and a scion of a German-Filipino family with over a century of tradition in the craft.
The concept started when then Xavier president Antonio Samson saw the stained glass windows of the Ateneo de Naga's University Church of Christ the King from the drawings of a Bicolano artist.
Then, Father Samson saw up close the stained glass, worked on by Kraut Art Glass, during the blessing of the Ateneo de Naga chapel.
"Father Samson looked for artists who could render paintings for the Xavier church's windows, which we would execute into stained glass," said Roland Peter Kraut, managing director of Kraut Art Glass.
MARY. A stained glass window of Mother Mary at the XU Church
Although he initially contemplated having different artists do different sections of the windows, Samson eventually decided to let Ryan Carreon, then a junior BS Development Communications student at Xavier, work on all the paintings for the project.
The priest first saw Carreon's work through a watercolor painting of a Filipino Madonna and Child in a Circulo de Arte exhibit at XU in 2002, and he eventually told him about his plans for stained glass windows at the chapel.
Carreon traces his penchant for religious paintings to his childhood in Malabon, where a cousin would often bring him to the Sacred Heart Church in Tugatog.
It was there where he first drew a figure of the Virgin Mary with a black pencil when he was just a child.
Although he often doodled through the years, it wasn't until 1994 when he attended a "Munting Daliri" workshop, where he learned how to handle watercolor, pastel, and oil.
Before his family moved to Cagayan de Oro in 1994, Carreon visited the Santo Domingo Church in Quezon City where he reveled at the huge stained glass windows by national modernist artist Galo Ocampo.
Being a young artist who had never worked on stained glass before, Carreon was brought by Samson to Manila to look at the Kraut Art Glass workshop, stained glass, and art museums.
COLORS. Roland Kraut and Fr. Samson in front of one of the stained glass windows
Visions coming to life
"I gave Ryan (Carreon) the topics for the windows at the XU Main Chapel. You will notice that faces of XU people, living and dead, were also included in the windows," Samson said.
The windows were installed by set, first at the back of the chapel in 2003.
It took six to seven months for the artisans at the Kraut Art Glass workshop, including an architect named Gerald Paraiso, to finish each set of windows from the time the paintings were submitted.
The windows at the back of the church are centered on a large panel of the Immaculate Conception.
Six panels, three on each side, feature the key mysteries of the salvation story.
At the bottom of these panels, key events and people of XU are featured.
The main chapel is also beautifully located for the windows; the stained glass windows at the front façade, facing west, are brightly lit by the afternoon sun when viewed from the main altar.
WINDOWS. Mary's windows at XU Church
Destined by fate
Father Samson said it was like the church's layout was destined to receive Mary's Windows.
He said the number of upper windows fitted perfectly with the 20 mysteries of the Holy Rosary and the six windows featuring Jesuit saints near the altar (three on each side).
Samson said he was so happy with the work that when he returned to Ateneo de Davao University, he had Carreon do the paintings for another set of stained glass windows there.
Kraut has similar plaudits for the artist: "I was lucky to see Ryan's growth as an artist. His first Immaculate Conception painting was beautiful. After seeing his paintings executed into stained glass, Ryan improved by combining the striking colors of glass into the details of his paintings. Each artist has his style, and Ryan's painting has its distinct character which fascinated and challenged our artists and me." – Rappler.com
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Lewków – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie wielkopolskim, w powiecie ostrowskim, w gminie Ostrów Wielkopolski.

Lewków leży około 6 km na północny wschód od Ostrowa Wielkopolskiego, nad Niedźwiadą. Około 1 km na zachód od Lewkowa, w Michałkowie znajduje się lotnisko Aeroklubu Ostrowskiego.

Historia

Pierwsze wzmianki o Lewkowie pochodzą z 1403. Przez dłuższy czas wieś była własnością Koźmińskich, w XVIII w. często zmieniała właścicieli (Sokolniccy, Gorzeńscy, Krzyżanowscy). W 1786 zakupiona przez Wojciecha Lipskiego herbu Grabie (herb szlachecki), adiutanta króla Stanisława Augusta Poniatowskiego. W latach 40. XIX wieku ukrywał się tu, u Józefa Lipskiego, poeta Roman Zmorski. W rękach Lipskich pozostawała do wybuchu II wojny światowej. W 1928 Lewków odwiedził prezydent Ignacy Mościcki. Ostatni przedwojenni właściciele Lewkowa to Jan Lipski oraz jego brat, Józef Lipski, ostatni ambasador Rzeczypospolitej w Berlinie (1934–1939).

Pocztowiec Ludwik Danielak ochrzczony został w Lewkowie w 1909 roku w kościele pw. Św. Wojciecha. Jego ojciec Walenty Danielak w latach 1916–1924 mieszkał w Lewkowie, a potem był radnym Zdun, znanym w regionie społecznikiem. We wrześniu 1939 roku Ludwik Danielak wykonywał zadania na rzecz obronności Państwa. Zginął 7 września w pobliżu wsi Modlna, został rozstrzelany przez żołnierzy Wehrmachtu: 31 pułk piechoty 24 dywizji niemieckiej. Był w mundurze pocztowca i nie miał broni. Organizował harcerstwo na terenie Zdun i okolic Baszkowa w latach 1925–1931.

Miejscowość przynależała administracyjnie przed 1887 r. do powiatu odolanowskiego. W latach 1954–1972 wieś należała i była siedzibą władz gromady Lewków. w latach 1975–1998 do województwa kaliskiego, a w latach 1887–1975 i od 1999 do powiatu ostrowskiego.

Zabytki
 Pałac Lipskich z 1788-91r. Muzeum Pałacowe zostało na nowo otwarte po remoncie w 2022r.
 kościół św. Wojciecha wzniesiony w latach 1844–1846 w miejscu poprzedniej, drewnianej świątyni, ufundowany przez Salomeę Lipską i jej wnuka Wojciecha Lipskiego, eklektyczny z neorenesansowym wyposażeniem wnętrza z lat 1871–1872,
 ołtarz główny z obrazem św. Anna Samotrzeć ze św. Janem, kopią obrazu Bartolome Murillo wykonaną przez Leona Kaplińskiego,
 prezbiterium z polichromią z XIX wieku, stiukowymi ścianami i marmurowym tabernakulum,
 kuta żelazna krata przy przejściu z kruchty do kościoła, przyozdobiona ornamentem w stylu regencji z datą 1732 i inicjałami ksieni ołobockiej Katarzyny Pawłowskiej, zakupiona w 1817 r. z kościoła cysterskiego w Ołoboku,
 przykościelny grobowiec Lipskich z napisem: Wojciechowi Lipskiemu 1805-1855 demokracie i politykowi, bojownikowi o niepodległość Polski, twórcy gimnazjum w Ostrowie w 125 rocznicę 1845-1970,
 przykościelny cmentarz z drzewa pomnikowymi i dwoma złączonymi na kształt stołu głazami narzutowymi mającymi razem wymiary 1,7 na 1 m,
 mur z dekoracyjnymi wazami i figurami.

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

 Pałac Lipskich

Lewków

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
(→Georgia)
104,984 Stolen Votes in GA.<ref>https://centralcitynews.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Central-City-News-11-19-20-Small.pdf</ref>]]
:{{See also|Georgia election fraud}}
On March 6, 2020 the [[Georgia]] Secretary of State, [[Brad Raffensperger]], signed off on a secret legal agreement with the [[Democratic Party]] of Georgia, the [[Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee]], and the [[Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee]] to alter [[absentee ballot]] procedures in [[Georgia]].<ref>https://www.dropbox.com/s/ta0rze1m3flzk5o/2020-11-13%20Complaint%20-%20L.%20Wood%20v.%20Raffensperger%20et%20al.pdf?dl=0</ref> The Democrats' attorney for this secret deal was [[Marc Elias]] from [[Perkins Coie]],<ref>https://www.indiarightnownews.com/lin-wood-files-lawsuit-challenging-georgias-secretary-of-states-dark-unconstitutional-agreement-with-hillary-attorney-marc-elias/</ref> the bagman for [[Hillary Clinton]] who hire [[FusionGPS]] to write the ''[[Steele dossier]]'' during the [[2016 presidential election]].
On March 6, 2020 the [[Georgia]] Secretary of State, [[Brad Raffensperger]], signed off on a secret legal agreement with the [[Democratic Party]] of Georgia, the [[Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee]], and the [[Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee]] to alter [[absentee ballot]] procedures in Georgia.<ref>https://www.dropbox.com/s/ta0rze1m3flzk5o/2020-11-13%20Complaint%20-%20L.%20Wood%20v.%20Raffensperger%20et%20al.pdf?dl=0</ref> The Democrats' attorney for this secret deal was [[Marc Elias]] from [[Perkins Coie]],<ref>https://www.indiarightnownews.com/lin-wood-files-lawsuit-challenging-georgias-secretary-of-states-dark-unconstitutional-agreement-with-hillary-attorney-marc-elias/</ref> the bagman for [[Hillary Clinton]] who hire [[FusionGPS]] to write the ''[[Steele dossier]]'' during the [[2016 presidential election]].
1.1 Operation Scorecard
4 Election disinformation
See also: Democrat election fraud, 2020 Voter fraud timeline, and Cloward-Piven strategy
Operation Scorecard
Lt. Gen. Tom McInerney warned that the Democrats and the CIA have put in place a mechanism which can alter the voting results of electronic voting machines in key swing states (like Pennsylvania) that will determine the outcome of the election.[7]
This covert technology is called Operation Scorecard, and it was built by the CIA to surreptitiously steal elections in targeted countries. Now, that technology is being turned against the United States of America and will be activated on Election Day to steal the election for Biden.
After the closing of polls in Pennsylvania and other swing states, the voting machines will be intercepted and then altered using complex algorithms to alter the votes in a way that evades detection, handing a victory to the pre-designated "winner" (Joe Biden). A covert app called "Scorecard" steals votes by making sure Democrats always stay about 3% ahead of their Republican rivals. "Scorecard steals the elections by tampering with the computers at the transfer points," McInerney said.[8]
This was confirmed by the documents released by Edward Snowden.[9]
Dominion Voting Systems is a Canadian company that sells voting hardware and software manufactured with Chinese components.[11] Dominion was founded in 2004 in Venezuela to rig elections for the dictator Hugo Chavez and later Nicolas Maduro. The software has been used by the CIA to rig elections in Eastern Europe. Its parent company is SmartMatic. Retired Admiral Peter Neffenger, who is on Joe Biden's alleged transition team, is on the board of directors of SmartMatic.[12]
Smartmatic was officially incorporated on 11 April 11. 2000 in Delaware.[22][23][24] After receiving funds from private investors, the company then began to expand. Smartmatic was the main technology supplier for fourteen Venezuelan national elections. In March 2018, Smartmatic ceased operations in Venezuela.[25]
Election disinformation


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Q: Draw a "transparent" triangle over dark background in monogame I am trying to have a "night" effect on my screen, by setting dark background
spriteBatch.Begin();

// my objects here

spriteBatch.Draw(darkBackground, Vector2.Zero, Color.White);
spriteBatch.End();

and then drawing a transparent triangle ("flashlight")
GraphicsDevice.DrawUserPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, vertexPositionColors, 0, 1);

How do I make my triangle to "clear up" the background, without affecting my other objects. I was trying to do it with BlendState, but not could not make it working

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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"I always wanted to do a painting of that dinner, but could not bear to do a totally indoor scene for my annual winter snow print. After years of trying to come up with a composition that would say 'snow' and 'Christmas dinner,' I finally composed this painting. It was inspired by the single paragraph in Douglas Southall Freeman's monumental biography of Robert E. Lee.


This should be the last Olympic post - finally!
The final event was a relay race on the beach. Each country had two teams of four. The first person runs to the other end of the beach, Courtney will demonstrate.
They then have to make three full rotations spinning on a baseball bat.
Then when they are nice and dizzy, they run back and tag the next person.
Lindsey in the ready position.
Bahamas made one team of kids and one with adults. The adult team included my dad. Here is Gramps in action.
please don't hate me dad, but it has to be shared. Dad got just a little too dizzy on the bat. He is going to feel that in the morning.
Get up, you ain't hurt!
Tough love in this family.
They had a race a second time and he did much better.
The winners were Team Sweden with a Bahamas walk-on, Olivia, to help fill there team. Olivia was pumped when she found out she won the gold.
The awards ceremony. I just love Brice on the right side with his chest sticking out. He couldn't have been more proud. The adult Bahamas team didn't even place. I love that a bunch of young kids beat them and boy am I glad I wasn't on that team.
After the relay the scores were tallied. The country with the most points and bragging rights for the next four years is . . .
Everyone had an awesome time parading, competing, and cheering. Thanks to Becky and Kevin for their hard work and making it a success.
I can't wait to watch the Beijing Olympics in a week, especially swimming.
What a picture, Dad in the dirt that was great.
Ok so Lakewood looks like the funniest place on earth! You guys are totally lucky!


Massimo Russo, a senior partner and managing director in the Boston office of The Boston Consulting Group and the regional leader of the Technology Advantage practice in North America, recently spoke with D'Andrea about the future of robotics.
Edited excerpts from their conversation follow.
One of the biggest advantages of learning and adaptation is that it allows you to create powerful systems that are inexpensive to make. If you try to make a very precise robot, it costs a lot of money. If, however, you relax that requirement to make a machine that right off the bat is high performance, and let it learn and adapt tobecome high performance, it becomes economically viable to deploy such a machine. I think learning and adaptation will have a huge impact on how we make machines.


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Q: fish shell, $PATH and symlinked binary According to these instructions I linked a binary into /usr/bin as follows:
sudo ln -s ~/Applications/calibre.app/Contents/MacOS/ebook-convert /usr/bin

Now the symlink exists, and /usr/bin is obviously in $PATH:
   cls@clsmba > ls -lah /usr/bin/ebook-convert
    lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel    64B Jul 18 13:00 /usr/bin/ebook-convert -> /Users/cls/Applications/calibre.app/Contents/MacOS/ebook-convert

However, the fish shell doesn't know that it exists:
cls@clsmba > ebook-convert
fish: Unknown command 'ebook-convert'

cls@clsmba > ./usr/bin/ebook-convert
fish: Unknown command './usr/bin/ebook-convert'

What am I doing wrong?

A: You created /usr/bin/ebook-convert as a symlink. Then you attempted to run ./usr/bin/ebook-convert (note the leading dot) which won't work unless your cwd is / (i.e., the root dir). Of course the main problem is you probably don't have a /Users/cls/Applications directory; or, if you do, it doesn't contain calibre.app. You probably want /Applications not ~/Applications.


text:
Q: How can I diagnose an empty ActivePivot cube? Starting from ActivePivot Sandbox 4.3.2 I changed my object feeding into the cube and redefined the fields, dimensions and measures of the cube. When I start the cube I see no error message in the logs.
However when I connect to the cube using ActivePivot Live 2.6.2 or Excel 2010 and run the following MDX query:
SELECT FROM [cubeName] WHERE ([Measures].[contributors.COUNT])

I see an empty pivot table, what can be the cause? How can it be diagnosed?

A: The most common reason for empty pivot tables on a non empty cube is the presence of slicing dimensions. If you have:

*

*2 slicing dimensions 'A' and 'B'

*a first fact contributing 'b' on 'A' and 'a' on 'B'

*a second fact contributing 'a' on 'A' and 'b' on 'B'

then default members will be 'a' along 'A' and 'a' along 'B'. The query you described would then return an empty pivot table as there is no fact with 'a' along 'A' and 'a' along 'B'.
The second main reason is security filtering. You should retry with a user wihtout any access restrictions. This is easily feasible by requesting the query through the dedicated operation on the ActivePivotManager monitoring bean.
Of course, you should first check your cube is non empty (through the JConsole).


text:
OUTSTANDING STEWARD
Jim Irsay has been associated with the Colts for most of his life. Irsay's family has owned the team for 40 seasons, 28 of which have been spent in Indianapolis. The team has deep local roots and a proud heritage. Its success is a result of the stewardship Irsay has demonstrated in guiding his franchise.
INDIANAPOLIS – Success in sports most often is measured in the won-loss column.
The glass-house nature of the business makes on-field results the most prominent yardstick by which a team is measured.
Teams just as much are civic entities, and their performances largely affect a community's mindset. While all teams compete in their fields, the best ones truly intertwine with the surrounding areas.
The Colts have produced many victories since 1999. Since the start of that season, the club has a 140-68 (.673) mark, one of the NFL's winningest regular-season records. The Colts have made the playoffs 11 times in the last 13 seasons and from 2002-10, the Colts tied the NFL record with nine consecutive playoff appearances, along with being the only team with 10 victories and playoff berths annually.
By competitive measure, the franchise is an overwhelming success. The person who presides over everything, Jim Irsay, is one who measures success far beyond the playing field, too.
Irsay's family has owned the Colts for 40 years, 28 of which have been spent in Indianapolis. Irsay has grown with the team and has been the owner and CEO of the club since 1997. With an eye toward establishing a franchise with as rich a heritage as any in the NFL and with a commitment to have it serve as a model, Irsay has worked tirelessly to reach his goal.
CBS analyst Charley Casserly, who also served as an NFL general manager with Washington and Houston, has observed Irsay for years and feels he is one of the sharpest owners in the league.
"He understands the ups and downs in the game, which is a crucial part for an owner to understand," said Casserly. "I think Jim brings a very unique perspective to it. I think he's done an excellent job. He's hired good people. He's supported them. He's worked hard in the city. All of those things have made him one of the better owners in the league."
Irsay and Indianapolis had a difficult 2011 season, one that prompted him to make a major move last Monday in deciding a new direction for the team. The decision to part ways with Vice Chairman Bill Polian and Vice President and General Manager Chris Polian was a difficult one for Irsay as an owner and steward, but it was one he reached as the best course to take for his club.
"This type of decision is extremely difficult," said Irsay. "There are many, many components that you look at in weighing the positives and the negatives, and the type of energy, and the type of timing that you feel in your gut that's right for your organization. There is so much that goes into a decision like this. In the end, I think it is an intuitive decision where you feel that the time is right to make a change. It's difficult because of the close relationship Bill and I have. I felt that it was the right move to make. … I think in terms of how do you make a decision like this as an owner? It's an intuitive decision."
Irsay is attuned to every facet of his organization. He is just as attuned to the public following his team. He is an active user of Twitter and has nearly 92,000 followers. The interaction he has on that and other communication levels and in overseeing an organization that made 876 appearances in 2010 and in-kind or financial donations to 2,400 events and organizations in 2011 allows him to keep a pulse on matters. Irsay reaches decisions necessary for the franchise, but those following his team are important.
"Hearing our fans, whether it is season ticket holders calling in, on Twitter, on the blogs and all the ways they communicate (is important). You're always listening to your fans. They are your shareholders, and they're a part of this thing in such a big way," said Irsay. "The bottom-line is to have success. You do hear the fans. I do. I am very aware of the intent interest that we have in our franchise, and you want them (the fans) to be heard. At the same time, they should want the people that really have the total insight and who are in charge to make sure that they do what they think is right. It is important to not block that out, but to just take that in and also make the decisions that you know you need to make."
A long-time local business executive who served with the financial group that helped the Colts' transition to Indianapolis has noted Irsay's dedication for years. He likes Irsay's ability to reach all demographics that follow the Colts.
"I have watched him since the team first came to Indianapolis grow from a young man to a very seasoned, caring person," said the businessman. "I think people have been pleasantly surprised by him as an owner. Along the way, he has had to make difficult decisions. The one he made this week was very, very difficult. It dealt with close members of the football family, and he said that straight-up. He said it was a tough decision. In the end, he put the team and the community ahead of those relationships. That is a very difficult thing to do, but one that sometimes when you're in leadership you have to do."
"He has hit home runs very well, all the way from the money he has donated to causes to send bands to go play in certain places. I know he has done a lot that people never know about. He's been a pleasant surprise, and I think the Twitter use has elevated him to a different level, a different group of people, younger people. He really has become cross-generational in the way he approaches things. He touches older fans as well as younger fans. It is difficult to do. You have to work at it, and he works at it all the time. I think people on the street really admire him for putting his team before himself. It is a dynamic way to run a business."
One dynamic way of doing business is ensuring fan value in following your team. Irsay has been able to do that recently, at least according to ESPN Magazine. Since 2003, the publication has issued its 'Ultimate Standings' where it monitors all professional franchises in the areas of bang for the buck, fan relations, ownership, affordability, stadium experience, players, coaching and title track. The Colts ranked 14th in this year's standings, fourth among NFL teams, and the study measured 122 professional franchises across the national landscape.
Indianapolis has been strong performers annually in the magazine's rankings. In 2010, Indianapolis ranked fourth among the nation's 122 professional franchises. In 2009, the Colts were 14th, placing third among NFL teams.
Indianapolis was ranked the top franchise in professional sports in 2008, while being the NFL's top-ranked team and fourth overall in the magazine's 2007 ratings. Indianapolis placed fourth among 92 teams measured in 2006, ranking second among NFL clubs. The Colts were third in 2005, and were the best-performing NFL team according to the ESPN standings.
Indianapolis is the only NFL team to rank among the top four league performers in the standings annually since 2005. The club's seven straight times among the top four NFL teams is ahead of Green Bay, which has appeared five times since 2005. Indianapolis also is the only team to place as the league's top performing team three times (2005, 2007, 2008) since 2005, out-distancing Pittsburgh (twice), Green Bay (once) and New Orleans (once).
"I think when you are an owner in the NFL, you have to be a leader to be successful," said the local businessman. "Being in a small market, you can't have the swings and misses that somebody in a major market can have. You're not in New York or Dallas. You just don't have to opportunity to have as many misses as they do. You have to hit the nail on the head every time. Jim's done that."
As Irsay finishes the first week of his non-playing season, he continues to keep his global vision intact.
"I think that I am always interested in making sure that we are as good as we can be in every single aspect of the way we manage and run the franchise," said Irsay. "We can do some things better. I think in terms of making sure the whole experience for everyone who you are dealing with is improved and at a very high level. When you are in a medium-to-smaller market you have to be really good at that."


Set in the Middle Ages of 1266 AD. The Knights of the Teutonic Order are once again on the move seeking easy prey and looking to engage in some historical battles in this spectacular real-time strategy game.
Blood of Europe features advanced graphics based on cutting edge technology with a high level of realism even down to the topology of real battlefields.


text:
Q: Compare DOM Elements using jQuery My task is very simple. I just want to compare two DOM Elements, like this:
HTML:
Are you a : Client <input id="client" name="cli_employ" type="radio" />
            Employer <input id="employ" name="cli_employ" type="radio" />

And my comparsion with jQuery:
$("input[name=cli_employ]").on("click", function() {
        // I'm sure my selector is working
        if ($(this) == $("#client")) { // How to compare?
            // do something
        }
        if ($(this) == $("#employ")) { // How to compare?
            // do something
        }

How can I compare  those elements with the 'if' command?
I just tried .is() and it always returns false.
Thanks in advance.

A: Did you try this way?
$("input[name=cli_employ]").on("click", function() {
    // I'm sure my selector is working
    if ($(this).attr("id") == "client") { // How to compare?
        // do something
    }
    if ($(this).attr("id") == "employ") { // How to compare?
        // do something
    }

A: You should write:
if ($(this).attr('id') == 'client'))

Regards.

A: You can use .is()

Check the current matched set of elements against a selector, element, or jQuery object and return true if at least one of these elements matches the given arguments.

Code example
if($(this).is("#client")){
   //Do something
}


text:
Doctor Who promises 'game-changing cliffhanger' as series split in two
Showrunner Steven Moffat says 13-part series will reach 'earth-shattering climax' at Easter then return for autumn run
By John Plunkett
The new series of Doctor Who will be split into two for the first time, with its showrunner, Steven Moffat, promising the show's biggest ever cliffhanger – "an earth-shattering climax".
Next year's 13-part series, the sixth since Doctor Who returned in 2005, will run for seven episodes and then return in the autumn for another six.
Moffat said the Easter "mid-season finale" would be a "game-changing cliffhanger".
http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2010/aug/29/doctor-who-cliffhanger-series-split
Local hero: Holden's new hatchBy Richard Blackburn...
Mambo 'crucifixion' shirt withdrawn from Big W aft...
The Doctrine Of Hot News and why it troubles me
WWI shell unearthed in Brighton Victoria Australia...
you too can try Dr Pepper even in Australia
eat the Wagon Wheel Arnott's have invested in a ...
have an egg flip Big M @ your sella fella now
Doctor Who promises 'game-changing cliffhanger' as...


Hey and what about me? After more than a decade living in rural Majorca, I sincerely hoped he didn't think I'd just up sticks and disappear in a puff of smoke. If so, he could dream on. He shook his head and laughed. But the point is this, how do you spot 'blow-ins'? Is it the way that they act or talk, or perhaps interact with the community whether expat or local in those early days?
Funnily enough I'm developing the Ignacio nose for 'blow-ins'. A few years ago, a showy middle-aged British couple arrived in a nearby village and in a matter of months were hanging out in popular bars frequented by other expats, vulgarly shouting 'Mi amigo!' to the owner of my local café he didn't like it as if they were blood brothers, and boasting about a new enterprise that they were setting up. They took over a restaurant site that had a history of failure and multiple owners, couldn't be bothered to work the long hours of the Majorcans, and spent most evenings vacuuming up their own liquid stock. They were despised by the villagers revolted by their lack of constraint, and departed with their tails between their legs two years later.
There are those idealists who come to Majorca in the hope of running away from a problem-or dare I say it themselves? They appear to embrace local practices, desperately try to engage with expats and the local community, inventing a colourful past and impressive- usually false- job history. Savvy expats google their names and discover that they are not who they purport to be and the lie begins to unravel. Word gets around and soon they are ostracised. When they fail to impress and the money runs out, they pack their bags and head off to another would-be Utopia where they can weave yet another exotic personal history that will hopefully hit the mark.
There are others who float into the valley on a complete whim. They have holidayed in Soller before at a time of year when the sun shone and tourists waved from the picturesque historic tram, oranges and lemons hung heavy from the trees, and all was well with the world. The harsh realities of living in a small rural mountain town 24/7 and through some fairly glum and bleak winters has never crossed their minds. Few have jobs, relying on pensions, savings and the odd brush with consultancy back in the UK but it rarely works out. Soon they tire of rural life, their travails with the local Mallorquí language and the linguistic rigours of its more mighty 'Castilian' brother, and head off back to Blighty.
Of course some 'blow-ins' really don't want to blow out. They are the expats who genuinely want to make a life for themselves here in the valley but due to unforeseen circumstances such as a family or work crisis, are forced reluctantly to return to the UK.
And finally there are those of us who feel we were born to be here. We love the locals, the feisty food, the hot and clammy summers hoaching with tourists, the cool and mysterious winters when eerie wood smoke curls up from the orchards and the wild and seductive sea beckons like a siren. We relish the traditions, history, fiestas, wildlife, the heady fragrance of jasmine, rosemary and thyme and the glut of fruit in the summer months. Oh and how a glimpse of a gecko or lizard, the braying of a donkey, cluck of a hen and rare sighting of a weasel scurrying over a stone wall cheers the soul.
So we're not all 'blow-ins' who blow out. No indeed many of us are here to stay. For some expats there's no place like home.
Anna, although I enjoy your blogs, I think this one is based on a fallacy. Not everyone who enjoys the experience of living in another country wants to make it permanent – what is the problem with that? Calling these people "blow-ins" implies that they are somehow inferior to longer-term residents.
We live in mainland Spain now, as retirees, and there are many things we enjoy about it, but I don't consider it to be "forever". Because of my husband's career we lived in five countries other than Spain and the UK, all of which brought us amazing experiences and gave us insight into the lives of very different peoples. I have spoken at least some of the language of every country I've lived in (although Polish made me shed some tears – believe me, the "rigours" of Spanish and Portuguese are nothing compared to Slavonic languages!) We have integrated into communities, made lifelong friends, and then moved on, often with sadness but looking forward to new experiences.
After 12 years of living in Spain I now feel it may be time to move again, possibly back to the UK, but I don't feel this means I've "failed to stay the course". I'm happy for you that you obviously have found "where you belong" and your writing about Mallorca shows your love for that beautiful island, but please don't condemn those of us who look at life differently. For some of us, "home" is where we live at the moment … wherever that may happen to be!


The Plant City Optimist Club teams up with the Recreation Department on various youth activities each year.
The Optimist International web site.
YOUTH APPRECIATION WEEK: The Club recognizes deserving eight or more Plant City area young people and their families at a banquet held in their honor.
YOUTH FLAG FOOTBALL PROGRAM: In cooperation with the Plant City Recreation & Parks Department, the Club furnishes support each fall for over 200 boys and girls ages 4-14 on 20 teams. The League Director and several officials are Club members.
YOUTH BASKETBALL PROGRAM: In cooperation with the Plant City Recreation & Parks Department, the Club furnishes support each winter for over 250 boys and girls ages 8-16 on 30 teams. The League Director, many coaches and several officials are Club members.
YOUTH SOCCER PROGRAM: In cooperation with the Plant City Recreation & Parks Department, the Club furnishes support each spring for over 1,300 boys and girls ages 4-18 on 100 teams. The League Director, many coaches and several officials are Club members.
TRI-STAR SPORTS SKILLS COMPETITIONS: In cooperation with the Plant City Recreation & Parks Department, the Club furnishes awards and assistance in the competitive skills contests for football (punt, pass, kick), basketball (dribble, pass, shoot) and soccer (dribble, pass, shoot) serving about 300 youths ages 8-16. Awards are given to the top male and female performers in each age group.
ORATORICAL CONTEST: The Club hosts a judged competition each winter for youths under 19, with awards for top three boys and top three girls. Boy and girl winners advance from the Club competition to compete at the Zone and Region levels, each having a chance to win a $2,500 scholarship at the District (state) level.
CITY-WIDE EASTER EGG HUNT: In cooperation with the Plant City Recreation & Parks Department and other sponsors, the Club provides egg hiders, group leaders, hotdog cooks and food/drink servers for over 1,000 youths who come out to try and find their share of over 10,000 eggs.
LITTLE LEAGUE BASEBALL TEAM: The Club sponsors a Little League baseball team each spring under the Club's name.
RESPECT FOR LAW PROGRAM: The Club reinforces respect for the law by hosting a group of middle schoolers each year at a banquet honoring the local Officer of the Year, held at the Plant City Police Department.
HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES SCHOLARSHIPS: Each year the Club awards four or more $1,000 scholarships to deserving Plant City High School graduates. This awards program is co-sponsored by Construction Technology Group (President: Rick Baldwin).
CITIZEN OF THE YEAR: The Club participates with other civic clubs in the city in selecting a Citizen of the Year and coordinating the annual banquet.
PLANT CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT "KID COMFORT PACKS": The Club works with our local Police Department to provide teddy bears, coloring books and other items that can be used for children that find themselves in a traumatic situation, such as a serious car accident or a forceful removal from a home.
FOOD DRIVE: Each year at the Christmas tree lot, the club collects non-perishable food for distribution to area needy families.
ANNUAL CHRISTMAS TREE LOT: The main fundraiser for the Club is the Optimist Club Christmas tree lot, located at Plant City High School. The lot sells around 850+ trees with all funds raised used to support our Club activities and Plant City High School athletics.
PLANT CITY OPTIMIST CLUB / PLANT CITY RECREATION & PARKS DEPARTMENT GOLF TOURNAMENT: The Club, along with the Plant City Recreation & Parks Department, sponsors a golf tournament each fall with 80-100 golfers. All funds raised are used to support our Club activities.


text:
Corporate Lawyer Jonathan Steitz Rails Against Bipartisan Wisconsin Job Creation
Places Hundreds of Positions in Pleasant Prairie on Chopping Block While Advocating Against Taxes for Rich
KENOSHA-Hundreds of Wisconsin jobs in the 22nd Senate District would be put at risk by the right-wing policies of corporate soothsayer Jonathan Steitz, who in a recent radio interview indicated his opposition to the type of tax financing deal used to grow an established Pleasant Prairie business – and to create a new hub for high-tech industries.
Sen. Bob Wirch joined Republican Van Wanggaard in supporting the legislation to help Uline Inc. support a new distribution center and create the new biotech hub using tax incremental financing districts.
But Steitz, who works for a Chicago firm that advises corporations that ship American jobs overseas and argues that the rich pay too much in taxes, told a radio interviewer recently that he opposes this proven type of job creation.
"What I mean is we get rid of the special interest tax breaks," Steitz said in a WGTD radio forum July 2. "It's amazing how many different breaks there are for special industries when we have a company that wants to move in we'll give them special property tax breaks…"
This June, he told a Tea Party rally that, "I think across- the-board, and especially in the upper tier, tax rates are still too high "
Democratic Party of Wisconsin Chair Mike Tate said Thursday in response:
"Jon Steitz's vision of tax cuts for the rich at the same time extinguishing jobs for hundreds of people in the district he claims he wants to represent shows how badly people need Bob Wirch fighting for them. Steitz either doesn't know, doesn't understand or doesn't care about job creation. And he certainly doesn't care about southeast Wisconsin's middle class."
Jul 28, 2011 News Right-Wing Extremist Groups Rally to Protect Scott Walker, Recalled Republican Senators