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Mayo GAA Blog
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2022 Fixtures
August 28, 2015 August 28, 2015 Willie Joe
Friday morning and it really does now feel that Sunday's shuddering clash isn't all that far away. It's been a long week – in so many respects, not all to do with football either – and the waiting's not done with yet but there's not that much of it left now before Sunday and all that awaits us in Croke Park then.
If you need a bit of revving up to get you going this morning, then the Elvery's ad that was released yesterday should fit the bill nicely. It's spine-tinglingly good and here it is:
Club '51 are also in motivation mode at the minute. They've compiled a Top Ten of All-Ireland semi-final moments, the first part of which is here and the second is here.
Next, a few notices about events on up here tomorrow evening, just in case the cancellation of the Bowe's meet-up has left you at a loose end. I've two such events to draw to your attention, one on either side of the river.
Starting with this side of town, one of the oldest GAA clubs in the country – Beann Eadair out in Howth, which was founded in 1885 – have a pitch re-opening event tomorrow evening. I know we pride ourselves on spectacular pitch locations, such as the one on Inisturk, but for my money the Beann Eadair pitch, located on an elevated site off Balkhill Road halfway up towards Howth summit, takes some beating with its panoramic views out onto the sea. A cold spot on a Saturday morning in early spring, to be sure, but a visual treat nonetheless.
Full details of Saturday evening's event are here. GAA President Aogán Ó Fearghaill will be doing the official re-opening honours at 6.45pm with the tape-cutting bookended by Dublin v Rest of Ireland Legends matches in both hurling (5pm) and football (7pm). The latter will feature the likes of Ciaran Whelan, Ciaran Duff, Barney Rock, Eamonn Heery, Dessie Farrell, Peter Canavan, Joe Brolly, Seamus Darby, Darragh Ó Sé, Liam McHale, Kevin McStay and Martin Carney.
Over on the southside, meanwhile, Good Counsel GAA club have a match that same evening against the Belmullet intermediate team. The match throws in at the club's Davitt Road pitch (which is here) at 6.30pm tomorrow evening and there'll be a trophy presented after the match to the winning team in memory of the late Thomás Mulligan, son of Frances McLoughlin of Belmullet and nephew of the late Eddie Cuffe. The bar at the club will be open after the game for whatever you're having yourself and, if you plan to use public transport to get you there, either the 123 bus or the Luas Red line will land you right to the door.
Okay, onto today's coverage. On us, there's a feature on Aidan O'Shea in the Irish Independent and one on Colm Boyle in the Irish Examiner. For them, it's MDMA day, with the Ballyboden man featuring in both the Indo and the Examiner. The Irish Times don't appear to have anything about the game (certainly not online) but apparently there's a rugby game on tomorrow so they appear to be getting exercised about that instead.
RTÉ have a column by Ray Silke, in which he analyses what he says are the three key questions that'll decide Sunday's match. Don't all jump on poor old Ray's head now, y'hear? The man is only giving his opinion.
Speaking of opinions, Tomas Ó Sé, writing in the Indo, plumps for Dublin to do it. By my count, that's the fourth Kerry pundit to do so this week – Darragh, Bomber and Spillane (on the radio this morning) also having all tipped them to win. Well, they are the 4/7 favourites after all.
Back to the Examiner where there's a rather curious piece by John Fogarty who highlights ten "flashpoints" in matches between ourselves and Dublin in attempting to portray the rivalry between us as being a "best of enemies" one. The problem is that six of these examples are from less than full throttle League games – with two incidents each plucked from our NFL meetings in 2012, 2013 and 2014 – and most of them, as I recall, were much ado about nothing. As was the blood sub example, an issue that this writer for some reason simply can't let go where it involves us. As I said, it's a bit of an odd one.
If daft stuff is your bag, then Vinny Murphy going head-to-head with Conor Mortimer in zorbing might do it for you. Each to their own, I guess.
If it's reading of more substance you want, though, then look no further than today's Mayo Advertiser, which is crammed full of interesting material on the game. Colm Gannon has a match preview, so has Ray Silke (yes, this is the same as the one I linked to yesterday), there's John Casey's opinion piece, features on Colm Boyle and Barry Moran and an interview with Noel Connelly.
But let's finish with some more opinions – yours this time as it's time to put up the poll to see what the mood is like as Sunday approaches. Well, then, what do you reckon – who'll do it?
Who'll win the semi-final?
Mayo (73%, 410 Votes)
Dublin (27%, 153 Votes)
Total Voters: 563
It's not yet too late to express your support in a tangible way for the lads: go to the Mayo GAA website (here) and click 'Play Now' to contribute to the cause via the Mayo GAA Players Training and Welfare Fund Lotto.
All-Ireland Series, Championship 2015, Dublin, Polls permalink
← The score required to win: Dublin v Mayo previewed
Dublin name unchanged team for semi-final →
54 thoughts on "Closer"
corick bridge says:
The very best of luck to team, management, and yes the county board, this team has bee absolutely magnificent over the last few years, I thought that they would find it difficult to come back this year but they are even better, good luck and save travelling to everyone
Jim Flag says:
The time is near alright. Someone said its the dubs who will run out to the pitch first on Sunday. No doubt run towards the Hill and take the applause and a rendition of "Boys in Blue".
That noise will die down and its then we need to hear the deafening "Mayo Mayo" chant from all around the ground. So loud our lads will hear it in the dressing room. Keith Higgins saying a few last words to his men might then say "Jesus, do you hear that chant". Then Mayo run out and the whole place shakes. Bits even start to fall off from parts of the stands!!!
Then the parade. Somebody lets off a green smoke flare followed by a red one on the Hill and the smoke drifts across the ground. Support, colour and noise not seen like this before at this venue.
Most importantly it continues for 70 minutes. Remember what James Horan said about "negativity creeping down from the stands" in the 2nd half of the 2013 final. We can do our bit or just sit there quietly. Please people if you are lucky enough to be going would you please bring colour and noise. We will need that 16th man on Sunday.
Anne-Marie says:
Well said, Jim Flag. No silences like that, ever again. We may well be outnumbered on Sunday but we absolutely have to make ourselves heard and claim this day, in our ground (it's as much ours as Dublin's) for ourselves.
Ciaran says:
Nice and comprehensive reading to sink the teeth into, nice one WJ! Apart from Ray Silke 😉 😀
But yeah onto the match and it should be a belter, and I'm really starting to get excited now. Arguably the two best teams in Ireland over the past 3 seasons coming head to head.
Dublin have won 4 of the last 5 "big competitions" and hold a very positive recent head to head in this rivalry. It'd be lazy analysis in the extreme to read too much into those matches though, the majority of which- in my view anyway- hold little relevance to a full-blooded Championship encounter in late August. However there is one that certainly does- that All Ireland final of two years ago
That day a shaky and nervous Dublin side got over the line with a performance that was simply just good enough to see off a lethargic and remarkably flat Mayo performance. However there were a number of factors that were crucial- a great bench, a masterclass in kickouts by Stephen Cluxton and the clinical-ness of Bernard Brogan.
Championship form to date shouldn't be read into too much, with Dublin steamrollering everyone in their wake, as is the norm for them of recent until the semi-final stage, and Mayo beating a terrible Sligo team and a tired and leggy Donegal. Mayo's main test, in fact, has been their neighbours Galway in a 4 point win, where plenty of questions have been asked about the defence. Since then Mayo seem to have gone up in a lot of people's expectations despite, in retrospect, not having faced too stern a challenge at all in the meantime
Dublin are in a nice position. They have far less expectation than this time last year where they came unstuck in a bizarre semi v Donegal. They will have learned lessons in the year that has elapsed and had plenty of time to prepare. Mayo went out the same weekend in a match they were rode by the referee but it was an opportunity missed over two legs. Is there any evidence Mayo have improved enough in that time? We will only find out on Sunday
In these recent glory years Mayo have been able to beat a few wounded All Ireland Champions, but have just fallen short in the big ones. This is certainly a 'big one'. Dublin have won two Sam Maguires and 3 leagues in that period. Will this year be different for Mayo?
I bloody hope so, but don't think it will. Dublin possess better all round quality up front and are bound to have a plan to stop O'Shea's influence. Stop O'Shea and they're well on their way. Mayo need more forwards to step up and put up big scores and need their backs to limit the Dublin attack enough to snuff them out creating goalscoring chances at the other end. It goes without saying this is one hell of an ask. Especially given the way this backline has been opened up at times
Where Mayo can get a foothold is in midfield and from there they should get plenty of ball to at least feed O'Shea with. I still think Dublin will put up too big a score at the other end for this to matter though, with Flynn, KK and Connolly all capable of kicking scores out the field and creating goal chances for the inside men. Bernard Brogan has had great joy v Mayo recently, and this is a worry. Can the same Cafferkey who had an average 2014 make the step up we know he's capable of? Is Higgins the man for the job? I'm loathe to agreeing with Bomber Liston but his point about Dublin having much more reliable scorers to fall back on if their top 2 or 3 are having an off day, is not all that wide of the mark. If COC (no form at all to date in champ) and AOS misfire who else is there to put up a big score for ourselves?
The hard, cold analysis point to a slight Dublin win but thankfully sport isn't an exact science. This Mayo team have shown such hunger, intensity and belief over the last few years that this looks certain to be less straightforward than it should appear. They have enough drive in them to really upset teams and it might well just put them in a position to win this. Can they take advantage of this when it is in the melting pot?
Alas, it's Dublin by about 3 for me if I'm truly honest. But I certainly won't give up hope and cannot bloody wait for it
Tubberman says:
Spot on Ciaran – when you analyse it coldly, it points to Dublin win, but that's not to say Mayo don't have a great chance, and obviously we all hope to repeat the glory of '06 and '12!
mayomanindublin says:
Ciaran, you can harp on about all these stats. Who have Dublin played this year to date? Any Division 1 team? Your entitled to your opinion but your love in with Dublin is getting sickening to be honest and a negatron in the run up to the match. I live in Dublin and have been to all championship games to date. I can catagorically say this is the finest team we have ever had, along with a very strong bench, and we will win on Sunday by at least 3 points. I have seen this team demolish Sligo and beat Donegal with 40 Minutes gone in a game, I also watched them play possession for the last 30 odd minutes closing out the game. Theres no mention about this in your above post. Maigh Eo Abu!!!
In fairness to Ciaran (though I did roll my eyes a bit when I read it!) he gives a good analysis above and as a football fan he's entitled as are any of us to say it how we see it panning out. I hope he's eating humble pie for the next three weeks but everyone has different opinions on how this game might go and that's part of the build-up.
The beauty of it is, while you can be eating and drinking stats and probabilities for breakfast dinner and tea, nothing takes into account the occasion itself, the will and hunger to win, the 16th man, the hop of the ball and the little bit of luck. For what it's worth I think Ciaran will be proved wrong on Sunday, but the day won't be without it's coronary inducing moments either.
Is it Sunday yet?! Maigh Eo Abu!!
catcol says:
By God that ad is good.
Just to add to the round up Willie Joe, here again is the indefatigable Ray Silke with a fairly measured piece (RTE online): http://tinyurl.com/nb2l4f5
One thing strikes me about big name columnists: their comments are all tailored for a particular audience, and indeed with Silke and others, their analysis appears over a number of outlets, all subtly honed for the particular readers.
Thus, writing in Mayo Advertiser or other Mayo outlets: Mayo. RTE online: nothing outlandish here please, so, if this then that. The Herald? Dublin of course. Can you imagine 5 or 6 Herald pundits tipping Mayo, or any opponent of Dublin? Irish Times? well, there's a (meaningless) rugby international on, so the Ros OCK brigade have to be looked after. Sunday Game? got to keep the audience entertained, so send in the clowns.
All shaped by editors and reporters for their readers who don't expect feathers ruffled.
You would wonder what these guys really think.
It might read a bit pessimistic in retrospect now that I've reread it, actually more pessimistic than I am in reality! Probably hard convey it over writing! It's the type of battle I could see Mayo winning 3 or 4 times, and Dublin 6 over 10 meetings, all of the matches very tight!
But I actually give us a very good chance of winning this match, but just giving a breakdown really based on what level I think the teams are really at and from what I've seen.
I didn't really mention Mayo's hammerings this year, like I didn't read into Dublin's, I don't think they're all that relevant heading into Sunday. Each team to date has been a vastly different level to the opposition Sunday. My own opinion is formed over the last few seasons really
FWIW, I think we're certainly the second best team in Ireland, probably just short of Dublin, but that's no reason we can't actually beat them the next day, sport isn't straightforward
I might be lauding the Dublin team a bit, but in truth I think they're a superb side who have been the best team in the country for a while and have really set the benchmark. It would be no shame whatsoever to lose the next day to be honest, to be fair this Mayo team have never lost a match to a team worse than them and that's insane consistency in itself
14allnall41 says:
Dublin 2. 13 mayo 1. 18
Ger Bohan says:
The players will leave nothing behind them in the stands.
We have a job to be the 16th man. Leave nothing behind.
Remember the roars of "Mayo" throughout the warm-up and parade in Limerick last year. Spine tingling.
Let's set a marker early. We are starving for Sam Maguire.
This is out moment.
DavyJ says:
You can certainly make the case for Dublin winning, but this Mayo team always have a major kick in them in every championship, and I don't think we've seen it yet this year. I would be very surprised if it doesn't come on Sunday.
We need a formation to keep the goals out of course, and that's where H & C will have to perform. Their superb use of Barry Moran against Donegal entitles them to the benefit of the doubt in my book.
There are any number of duels that could decide this game. But ultimately I think that if we can keep the goals out – as we did in 2012 – and if Cillian O'Connor recovers his match sharpness, we will have enough to win.
Ciaran I think there's a bit of the ould reverse-psychology going on there … in fact you're bordering very close to Yerra territory 😛
I think subconsciously there might be Anne Marie!
Don't believe in jinxes or that craic but think my unconscious mind is telling me to keep predicting the Dublin win so it invariably won't happen!!
I'll be doing more than eating humble pie if/WHEN Mayo do win 🙂
In contrast to the sentiments of my post above, if we win Sunday I fully believe we will win the final mark my words, I can def see us beating Kerry! Have a better team than them and you don't get the insane rub of the green two years on the trot. So obviously a hell of a lot riding on Sunday in my mind
Nycgreenandred says:
Sunday can't come fast enough will be biting what is left of my fingertips reading all the previews and as expected most are picking Dublin.. What they may have in talent we have it in heart,pride and complete passion this team is special and I hope we raise the fucking roof on Sunday and put in a performance that is to the top table in September.. Safe travels to all
I'm a fan of the green and red but even without the tinted glasses on and looking at it in a clinical manner I think Dublin will struggle on Sunday for large parts of the game, because all teams get a purple patch at this level and Dublin will too but it's the shear hunger in Mayo to win Sam that cannot be matched by Dublin. They may have better athletes and Bernard brogan but that hunger is not something you can put in a players head, it has to grow there over time and Mayo have a crop of it growing since 2011 in this squad. Enough waffling.
Mayo 2 17
Dublin 1 13
Outside of boot says:
I can see a few goals in it for Mayo and in particular for Cillian.
I believe Dubs will have Cian O sullivan sweeping but maybe not as deep as we think. Cluxton will probably aim to come for any high balls put in on top of Aido and there is where Cillian could sniff out a goal or two.
Andy Moran is always great for a goals v dubs too.
Daveoconnor says:
Anyone have a flare for the Hill?
Am so glad that Ciaran has posted his analysis and expected outcome…………it's nearly a carbon copy of the one he done prior to the Mayo- Donegal Q/F and that for me, puts all the stats to bed…………………….we're gonna win cause C has us down for a loss.
Seriously though, I am confident that this team will not let the Dubs or anyone else come in their way this time round, they have a collective spirit underneath that is seen only once in a while in sport……………a robot like never say die attitude that has been honed by the disappointments of the past and especially after the replay in Limerick last year.
IMO it will be a high scoring game for Mayo and Cillian and Jason D could stun the Dubs with AO'S in a proactive/ reactive role, whichever the need.
MaighEo Abu
tonyk says:
I'm really torn. I could list 100 reasons why either team could win. This is what makes it fascinating. The nervous tension is building and I am ready for the game now!!!
I work in Dublin and I cannot remember a less hyped Dublin and every real Dublin supporter is carrying the same nervous tension as ourselves.
The one reason I think we will win on Sunday and win the competition outright, goes back to our defeat to Donegal in the final. Every Donegal supporter, bar none were convinced they were going to win. It felt arrogant, sickening and even condescending. This year, there seems to be the same belief around our team of legends and it is building stronger by the day. I think it might be coming from our new management team and their perceived ability to get the match-ups right and to change the pace of the game at will. This will be vital on Sunday. If Mayo can control the tempo, they win, simple as that!!!
WJ didn't put an option for a draw in the poll, something tells me that come Sunday around 5pm, one of the 2 teams will be trying their upmost to get the goal that will get one.
ciaran 2 says:
Hi, There are little or no Dubln flags out of windows or in cars in this Gaelic part of D. It was sickening when they were playing Kerry and then the euphoria carried on to last year. I guess it is Supporter Fatique. Will this reach the team?
Yestetday I mentioned that J. Horan saw Cian O:Sullivan as Sweeper for the low ball into Aido.The reason being because Aido is quicker than their full back RC but can contest the high ball. Now. Aido did get low ball the last day and it does not have to be high. Now Barry Moran might not be very tbankful for low ball.
Now i dont know what is the matter with ye all that you dont see Mayo getting 4 goals. Maybe Cluxton has lost his reflexes. It happens to us all. One must keep the Dublin goalpost in front of your mind. . Our defense is second to none. Best wishes to you all. Ciaran 2.
Joe Mc says:
Well folks, of course, without question, Mayo can win. Note i say "can". Mayo are now the most battle-hardened team in the country, strong and very, very, hungry!!! After seeing the new defence in action, second half against Donegal in the league, i said, that if Mayo keep that defence, they will be a problem for any team in the country.
Look at the Donegal match a few weeks ago; they could have beaten Donegal out the gate. No exaggeration!!!
A Kerry friend of mine told me about a friend of his, who has followed Kerry all over the country all his life, said he hopes that the Dubs win, because, if Mayo win, Kerry are "fucked" in the final.. So, bring it fucking on!!!
Jim Flag, that was a great post. Could'nt agree with you more. We really need to be as loud as possible, it will drive the lads on when the game is in the melting pot, similar to 2012 (us supporters were top notch that day). If your a shy type then have a few pints before hand to loosen up, if your a lunatic, save your voice for throw in, if your getting dirty looks from neutrals or Dubs beside ya feck them! Roar them on all the way, we can really play a part on sunday! Drove into work this evening and saw the green and red flag flying high along the liffey….gave me goose bumps, cannot wait now till Sunday! Hon the boys!!!!
HopeSpringsEternal says:
The boys on the Last Word on Sport on Today FM were very up beat about Mayo's chances. Both Paul Early and Martin Carney went for a Mayo win. Carney made a good point about the two semi-final losses that Dublin have had against us and Donegal, in both games they didn't score any goals. We all remember the missed goal chances Dublin had against Donegal last year. Senan Connell, went for a Dubin win of course. He said that the Dublin players are hopping off each in training at the moment. It should be some game. If we can keep Bernard Brogan and Diarmuid Connolly quiet and get Aidan O'Shea and Cillian O'Connor rampaging at the Dublin defence (getting on top in midfield will be key to this), then we will be in with a great chance. Roll on the game!
Mayonaze says:
The only pundits goin for a Mayo win are from Connacht. Everyone else says Dublin! (And Ciaran;p)
hueyandlouis says:
Mayo need to do a Galway (hurlers) on it and just refuse to be beaten.That is what it takes
toe to hand says:
I don't expect it will be a high scoring game with both teams being so well matched.. the start at least will be a very tense niggly affair if not the whole of the first half with defense and yellow cards coming out on top. Disipline and getting an understanding of the refs mood will be crucial as I can see a player r two going on black cards. We need to be cool, patient in our game plan, reassured in our ability and ruthless when we get our chance. We need to create our own luck this time and not do anything stupid.. concentration concentration and more concentration and let's see this f*% k^r out to the bitter end if need b.. right, now that I've got that off my chest.. I,'m off out to kick the dog r break something.. This waiting has me head wrecked.. C'mon Maigheo
to win just once says:
Think Ciarans post is very accurate and fair. I too think Mayo have a good chance of winning but there is no doubt Dubs are deserving to be favourites. . Theres no point saying Dublin have beaten nothing because the same accusation has been thrown at Mayo when we beat the Connacht teams, a tired Donegal, a weak Cork etc. Dublin have been excellent for a number of years beating all opposition except for being ambushed v Donegal in last years semi. They have excellent footballers all over the field and them losing semi last year will be huge motivation this year especially with Kerry waiting in final. What about us. Well we have been excellent for the last 5 years and it is great to see them back again as hungry as ever. We too have brilliant footballers all over the field. But we have not won the big one and thats a massive weight on our shoulders. When we could have won it in 2012, especially 2013 and v kerry last year we just could not get over the line so its no surprise Dublin are favourites. Its interesting to note that many who are tipping us such as McStay, Carney, Earley want us to win and may let their hearts rule their heads while the Kerry experts and many of the neutrals are tipping Dublin. I genuinely believe we can win but a lot has to go right for us to succeed. I am more confident than I was in 2006 or 2012 v Dubs but less confident than I was in 2013 and we all know what happened in those years, This group of players have been brilliant and deserve the ultimate reward.Come on Mayo.
Dublin have the advantage with better forwards while Mayo only cillian o Connor in the forward for Mayo and I think he is a class player and need a very good game too much hype on o Shea I don't want to be negative but that's truth and there to much hype on o shea
Breath Cait.
Seo Spoirt mentions, once again, the possibility of Big Barry and Aidan O'Shea in the forwards. They reckon that could be very productive!!!
A few of the Tyrone boys went for us, Peter Canavan, Brian McGuigan and Fergal Logan. Michael Quirke and Tomás Ó Flatharta from Kerry picked us too as did Armagh's Aaron Kernan. The Roscommon lads Shane Curran and Karol Mannion are backing us while the Galway lads Ray Slike and Seán Óg De Paor think that the Dubs will win.
Did I repeat that line only realised it as I posted sorry about that up Mayo but still cautious about sunday
Shuffly Deck says:
Dubs team announced, only 1 surprise, MDMA not listed.
Dublin have Named their team:
Stephen Cluxton
Jonny Cooper
Rory O'Carroll
Philip McMahon
James McCarthy
Cian O'Sullivan
Jack McCaffrey
Brian Fenton
Denis Bastick
Paul Flynn
Ciarán Kilkenny
Dean Rock
Paddy Andrews
Bernard Brogan
Warmuponthehill like 06 says:
Play barry as sweeper again and play freeman alongside aos upfront now thats a better version of the twin towers i think
evergreenandred says:
Just a small word of caution about the opening phase. For years dublin teams have
employed "shock and awe " tactics at the start of a game. ie …. go bald – headed for
the first five mins and land a heavy punch. That`ll daze em! I just think its another
thing we have to be wary of. Ive seen it work for them before. So……… steady as
she goes. No game is won in the first quarter. But it can be lost.
Paul McDonnell says:
Have they named their subs? Surely MDMA will be there, if not.Starting … Are the dubs telling porkies the sly dog's!
MDMA will start, I'd put my house on it
MDMA will start Anne Marie no doubt about it..I'd be more worried about Kevin mcmenimen coming off the bench with only goal in his mind
BazHam19 says:
Hon Mayo!!!!!
JPM says:
All Kerry pundits are hoping for a Dublin victory. They want to have a go at Dublin in the final. This group of Kerry players have lost 2 All-Irelands to Dublin and want to "right that score". That's a big reason why all of the Kerry media personalities are plumping for the Dubs.
It's about evening up the score.
Billy Joe recommrnds fresh sub or is it Legs when Kev Mc enters the fray. A nice time for Tom Cunniffe to come on? Perhaps.
Dublin will be 'flat'. Ciaran 2.
We all know McMenamon is an impact sub if let, but after that I think we've advantage in forward subs. The lads will be told to watch their subs and not get complacent.
Gamechanger10 says:
Don't over think it lads !!
The dubs are at their most vulnerable state of the championship, no test and meeting one of the top four (or in truth the top three) in a do or die game. They have reason to be worried. If ye draw they will win the replay have bo doubt, if ye win ye will probably win the final so it is dangerous for Kerry and that is why most people with a pinch of football knowledge in this part of he world are leaning towards a Dublin win,, but that's more in hope I think.
The Dubs Kerry and Mayo can all win the final as there is little between the three teams, this is possibly one of he greatest finals to win and I am so looking forward to the 20th of September 2015. Great teams find a way !
Joe Ruane says:
They can start Jimmy Keaveny if they like. Mayo will not deny themselves.
No more wasted years.
Just outside Ballagh says:
Who cares about Dublin line up. Question is how we will line up. Think it has to be a defensive line up and hit them on the break. If we hold our nerve Dublin have shown they are clueless against a tight defence. Mayo by 6 as we will pull away once we frustrate the hell out of them.
Pebblesmeller says:
The stories coming out of the South are that Kerry are preparing for Mayo in the final and have had Tommy Walsh training at full back for the last two weeks!
It's as simple as this. If we perform to our optimum, and I believe there is another 15% in us on top of the Donegal game, we win. We have to be with them with 10 minutes to go and they will buckle. For all their wonderful attacking they are mentally fragile. When it's truly put up to them, physically and mentally, they will buckle.
1. Put their kickout under pressure.
2. Close off the central area in front of goal and block the path. Clean sheet is essential.
3. When Kev McMen comes on, bring Durcan on to man mark him. Durcan is every bit as fast.
4. Philly Mc is a hot head head. Rile him.
It'll be "squeaky-bum time" close but if we get the above in place we win by 2.
Hon Mayo.
Cluxton vulnerable as well as is Diarmuid C. We need to niggle them, frustrate them, defend and attack as a team. No way to cope with our strength in attack. If we protect our full back line can't see us losing this one.
Sourceoftherobe says:
I've spent a couple of weeks listening and reading. So here goes, I now make my own prediction . (The truth is that the vast majority of "experts" and analysists write and say what it is that their paymasters and readers want to hear.)
The Dublin management will not have their focus on those areas which are "popular" in many commentaries. Such as the strength of our full forward , our midfielders or any weakness in our full back line etc. Hey, Jim Gavin & Co will have studied our water carriers.
Dublin know and we know that Mayo's win is as likely to be based on Andy's brilliance when he enters the fray in the second half as it is on Chris Barret's brilliance throughout. I'm just picking two possible examples
Dublin will have awesome talent on display this weekend. That goes without saying. However, In terms of talent, preparation, hunger and having served an overly long apprenticeship I feel we bring a little more to the table.
For this and these reasons I expect that lesser lights on our panel (if such exist) will see us through on Sunday. I expect it to be the best game of the year.
I expect Mayo to win.
Look it. Forget 2012 v Donegal, 2013 is the one we kicked away. We had Dublin on the rack and we missed 6 very scorable points and went in at half time leading by 1 when it should have been 6 or 7. The got two poxy goals, one from a turnover and the other completely against the run of play. They were so ragged in the final 10 minutes of the second half that their version of defending entailed jumping on the backs of our players, piggyback style, to stop us out the field. Sophisticated defending?
If we do our stuff, they can't beat us.
Gavin said during the week its down to the individual battles in each position and that Dublin will win more of these and win the match. Think it is the right logic but he underestimates a lot of our players if he thinks they are going to win these match ups. The only way the Dubs could win would be to knock us off our stride and think we are mentally and physically far too strong to let that happen.
John Jennings says:
If ever you could sum up what supporting the yew county means to people that ad has just done it thank you so much for sharing I cried and so to did my 83 year old uncle who has a ticket along side me on Sunday hopefully we will have an emotionally filled day out.
Good one Pebbles.
To add to your list of Dublin nigglers – Jonny Cooper. He needs to be watched and sorted. He was 'up Brian Hurley's ass' for most of the league final, niggling, mouthing, clawing – hand on the neck/throat, you name it.
And, it succeeded. Hurley did nothing, Cork did nothing.
They preach total football, all out attack etc etc, but practice the dark arts as much as anyone else.
Colm Boyle Special (Part 1) – Mayo News football podcast 2022 E2
themayonews · Colm Boyle Special (Part 1) | 2022 EP#02
Liberal role in the tie on Colm Boyle Special (Part 1) – Mayo News Football Podcast 2022 E2
FW on Oisín is staying!
diehard on Oisín is staying!
Sleepwalker on Oisín is staying!
Denis Nealis on Oisín is staying!
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Home » Edith Head Papers, 1934-1965
1960 Academy Awards Ceremony
Edith & Oscar: A Costume Exhibit
Appearances and Writings
32nd Academy Awards ceremony program cover (B22 F6).
In addition to her Oscar nominations and wins, Head designed gowns for actresses to wear, and became involved with the production of the ceremonies, particularly once they were televised.
Head occasionally consulted with actresses such as Eva Marie Saint and Zsa Zsa Gabor beforehand, to ensure their appearance at the ceremony would live up to expectations. Head recalled the extra work, writing that "One of my extracurricular duties is as a consultant to the Academy, and during the month of March the number of problems and diagnoses are of epidemic proportions" (Dress Doctor 114). These extracurricular designs could also enhance her career, of course. She believed that "the Awards are important because they are viewed by such a large audience. For a designer, a large audience is important" (Dress Doctor, 115).
As time went on, and the Oscar ceremonies were televised, Head became involved behind the scenes as well. Her involvement with the 32nd Academy Award ceremony, in 1960, is perhaps particularly notable.
In addition to her own nominations, Head was an official consultant for the televised award ceremony. She participated in the pre-Award telecast, "Oscar Night in Hollywood," bringing "descriptions of the clothes and coifs of Hollywood royalty" to the home audience (Bazelon). Head also did a slew of publicity interviews, organized by Cecile Gray Bazelon, publicizing the ceremony and its telecast. In a letter to Eleanor Klein of the New York Herald Tribune, Bazelon suggests the following:
I think you might find of specific interest Miss Head's grab-bag of memories regarding former Oscar telecasts. During the eight years that the Academy Awards show has been televised, she has served as the Academy's official consultant. Her original capacity was that of censor to see that excess cleavage would not cause the home screens to darken.
The Academy Awards are presented in the spring following the year in which honored films were released. Thus, the awards for 1959 were presented in early 1960. Head herself fielded dual nominations for costume design in this year. Five Pennies was nominated in the color category, and Career was nominated for the black and white. Her nominations can be seen in the official ceremony program. Neither film was a win for Head.
Memo from Bazelon to Eleanor Klein, regarding Head's publicity schedule (1960)
32nd Academy Awards Program (1960)
Letter from Academy President B.B. Kahane (1960)
Academy Awards Costume Design statistics
1960 Academy Awards (imdb)
‹ Personal Papers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Proof of Weyl's Theorem [Humphreys] I don't really understand the first paragraph of the proof of Weyl's Theorem in Humphreys' Lie Algebra book (p. 28).
My problem is, that first of all I don't see, why (or in which sense) the exact sequence
$$0 \rightarrow W/W'\rightarrow V/W'\rightarrow \mathbb{F} \rightarrow 0$$
"splits". The author then claims that $\exists$ a one dimensional L-submodule of $V/W'$ complementary to $W/W'$. And this is exacly it. Why can he conclude that?
Thanks in advance from a new member ;)

A: The exact sequence splits by induction hypothesis, because it is assumed already that such exact sequences of modules split in dimension less than $n$. In the beginning it is said that $\dim (V)=n$ and $\dim W=n-1$. A short exact sequence of modules splits, if the middle one is a semidirect product of the first with the third one (which has here dimension $1$, because $V\simeq W/F$, since we also have the short exact sequence $0\rightarrow W \rightarrow V\rightarrow F\rightarrow 0$).
That every such sequence "splits" is just another formulation of Weyl's theorem, namely that every $L$-submodule $W$ of $V$ possesses a module complement (so that $V$ is completely reducible).
Perhaps the proof of Weyl's theorem given at Climbing Mount Bourbaki
makes this clearer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Irritant may refer to:

 A stimulus or agent which causes irritation
 Irritant (album), a 2002 psychedelic trance album
 Irritant (band), a United Kingdom rock musical group
 Irritant (record label), a hardcore electro label based in North London

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Writing Retreat will create space and time for PhD students to focus on your own academic writing and thus make significant progress on your research goals. Five days with over 36 hours of writing, short workshops, activities to help clear your mind, as well as the opportunity to discuss with others and with a facilitating consultant. The format is inclusive and collective. It will be facilitated and supported, with the focus being on writing together to increase motivation and writing productivity.
The instructors are Djuddah A.J. Leijen (PhD, Lecturer at The College of Foreign Languages and Cultures) and Anni Jürine (PhD, Research Fellow at the Institute of Estonian and General Linguistics). They have experience teaching PhD level academic writing across and within disciplines. They have formerly developed instructed several writing retreats for The Graduate School of Linguistics, Philosophy, and Semiotics, Graduate School of Culture Studies and Arts, Doctoral School of Behavioural, Social and Health Sciences.
NB! Members of Doctoral School in Economics and Innovation are welcome to participate.
The planned writing has to be related with your PhD dissertation. To participate in the retreat, please send a short workplan on the writing you will be working on and inform your supervisor about it.
NB! The number of participants is limited and registration is needed. If the number of interested people exceeds available places, the selection will be done based on the quality of working plans and participation in earlier retreats. Please submit your application by March 1, 2018. Registration closed!
All costs (transport to the venue, accommodation and meals) will be covered by the doctoral school for those who are actively involved in any of the above mentioned study programmes.


text:
HomeStatementsStatements: Human RightsIran: Coronavirus Death Toll Rises to 19,500 in 242 Cities
StatementsStatements: Human Rights
Iran: Coronavirus Death Toll Rises to 19,500 in 242 Cities
Over 19,500 dead of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Iran-Iran Coronavirus Death Toll per PMOI MEK sources
Regime's aid package to 3 million impoverished families is equivalent to 12 to 36 dollars
Maryam Rajavi: The token aid given by Khamenei and Rouhani to three million deprived families is less than a day's salary of Iraqi and Afghan mercenaries of the terrorist Quds force. The insulting gesture reflects regime fear of an uprising Khamenei controls hundreds of billions of dollars of the nation's wealth plundered by the IRGC and other major economic institutions and can easily pay the expenses of the impoverished so that they could be quarantined.
The amount of this subsidy is less than one day of the salary the regime pays to their Iraqi and Afghan mercenaries hired by the terrorist Quds Force. #Iran
— Maryam Rajavi (@Maryam_Rajavi) April 6, 2020
The People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI / MEK) announced on Monday, April 6, 2020, that the Coronavirus death toll has shockingly risen to 19,500 in 242 cities across Iran. The number of victims in Tehran is 2,430, Gilan 1,700, Isfahan 1,660, Mazandaran 1,630, Khuzestan 870, Golestan 860, Alborz 730, Zanjan 370, Fars 360, Qazvin 320, East Azerbaijan 315, Ilam 160, South Khorasan 55, and Hormozgan 42.
Rouhani's criminal instructions to send people back to work have fueled infighting among the regime's rival factions. The Judiciary Chief Ebrahim Raisi, pretending (to care about people's health), used the opportunity to attack Hassan Rouhani, saying: "Among all, the people's health and well-being are what matters most, and in managing (the crisis), the priority must be given to that"!
Today, Ahmad Moradi, a parliament deputy, told the state-run Mehr News Agency, "When I read the president's remarks about labeling Hormozgan a clear (virus-free) Province, two hypotheses came to my mind, one that he was given the wrong information, and second that he made the remarks intentionally and carelessly. I think the second option is closer to reality … The president's decision and argument are wrong a hundred percent."
Parvaneh Salahshouri, another member of the regime parliament, told Arman state-run daily, "In the parliament, we allocated $200 million to the Quds Force in one day. Undoubtedly, in the current situation, maintaining people's health is more important than other issues."
Meanwhile, today, the IRGC Brigadier General Ali Shamkhani, the Supreme National Security Council Secretary, said, "The false argument of 'economy versus health' should not stop us. Physicians and workers are the two main pillars of the strategy to overcome the crisis." Shamkhani's remarks show that decision to send people back to work has been made by the entirety of the regime, including Khamenei.
On another development, today, Nahid Tajedin, a member of the regime's parliament, warned of the labor movement's uprising in the aftermath of the Coronavirus crisis. She said, "Coronavirus economic losses are estimated at $30 billion … Our biggest concern is that the government's efforts to keep more than 11 million contract workers employed would not be enough … resulting in new labor movements that will endanger our economic security."
The state-run Jahan Sanat daily wrote, "Today, the country is on the brink of collapse, and social unrest is behind the Coronavirus. The primary priority of the system should be to save the lives of millions of people and then save the economy."
In such a situation, Rouhani announced that for three million families who make up "the impoverished and deprived sectors … We have considered four aid packages from 200,000 to 600,000 tomans [equivalent to $12 to $36]." He added that a loan of one million to two million tomans [equivalent to 60 to 120 dollars] will be given to four million low-income families but would be deducted from their subsidies in the next 24 months!
The shameful aid package is being touted while Parviz Fattah, the head of the Mostazafan (Abased) Foundation, Parviz Fatah told the state tv that Qassem Soleimani received funds from his foundation to pay 1,500 a month to the members of the regime's Afghan proxy group Fatemiyoun in Syria.
In the meantime, today, Khamenei approved the allocation of One billion Euros from the National Development Fund. This was in response to Rouhani's request 11 days ago to deal with the pressing situation. However, this is only a fraction of hundreds of billions of dollars owned by organizations controlled by Khamenei.
Commenting on this decision, Mrs. Maryam Rajavi, the President-elect of the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), said: The money meager aid by Khamenei and Rouhani to cover the massive blow by Coronavirus to three million deprived families is less than a day's wage paid to Iraqi and Afghan mercenaries of the terrorist Quds force. The insulting gesture reflects the regime's fear of an uprising. Khamenei and Rouhani have left millions of helpless Iranians without protection in the face of Coronavirus outbreak, while the wealth of the country controlled by the IRGC and its affiliates, the Mostazafan Foundation, The HQ to Execute Khomeini's Order, Khomeini's Relief Committee, the Martyrs Foundation, Astan-e Quds Razavi Fund, as well as other major economic organizations can easily pay the wages of workers, office employees and unemployed so that they can be quarantined.
The IRGC, the Khatam-ol Anbia Construction Garrison, the Mostazafan Foundation, the Executive Headquarters of Imam Khomeini's Directive, Khomeini's Relief Committee, the Martyrs Foundation and Astan Quds Razavi are among the institutes which have pilfered the people of #Iran
Mrs. Rajavi added that people's wealth usurped by corrupt mullahs must immediately be put at the disposal of the Iranian people.
Secretariat of the National Council of Resistance of Iran
Member of Iran's Coronavirus Task Force: It Is Estimated That 500,000 People in Iran Have Contracted Coronavirus
Latest News in Brief – April 7, 2020


text:
Q: What does " appears casual" means in this paragraph? I have a paragraph:

You have to clearly show your true intentions at some point when talking to a woman you want to make it obvious that you are interested in her on a romantic or sexual level. The most confident and therefore best way to make your interest clear is to actually tell women that you are attracted to and interested in them [...]
  It is brilliant for a man to be so confident that he appears casual, but that does not mean it is a good idea for him to strike up a casual conversation and hide his intentions. Anyone can strike up a casual conversation about nothing of importance, and males can often do so with confidence, but as soon as they want to flirt, their confidence vanishes

I don't know what does "appears casual" mean in this paragraph? Does it mean "dress casually"?

A: In this context it means "appears to be unconcerned about the outcome".  Another way to express it is simply "cool", a word that can have many meanings, one of which is "unconcerned, feeling no stress about the situation".
The author of the paragraph is trying to say that anyone can be "cool" when talking to women -- but at some point you have to express actual interest, at which point many men lose their composure.


text:
Road in Front of American Airlines Center Will be Named After Dirk Nowitzki
Stryker Published: September 26, 2019
Mavericks fans on their way to the game will now be driving down Nowitzki Way.
I truly believe if you were making a Mount Rushmore for Dallas sports icons, Dirk Nowitzki would have to make the cut. The greatest player in Dallas Mavericks history, the greatest foreign-born player of all time and one of the greatest shooters to go along with that. Dirk Nowitzki officially called it a career last season and he will be forever missed. Gonna be kind of sad not seeing 41 on the court next month.
I don't think anyone from this generation will ever forget Dirk Nowitzki, but his name will live on in front of American Airlines Center. The road formally known as Olive Street will now be named Nowitzki Way. The city council made it a unanimous decision with a 15-0 vote to change the street name. "He is one of the nicest guys you'd ever want to meet, a real humanitarian and a great citizen," said Mayor Eric Johnson. "I am honored my first major street renaming will be for him."
The next thing they need to do, put up a statue of Dirk outside of the American Airlines center on Victory Plaza. Also, while I'm at it. Mike Modano also needs a statue out there.
More Texas News on Our Official App
Filed Under: dallas mavericks, nba
Categories: Amazing, Sports, Texas News
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Can I Just Say, Thank God the Mavericks Changed the Dirk Statue
Dallas Mavericks Legend Dirk Nowitzki Getting His Own Restaurant
My Plea to Get the Dallas Mavericks to Play a Game in Wichita Falls
The Best and Worst Jersey for Every Dallas Sports Team
Are Dallas Mavericks Fans Among the Most Disruptive in the NBA?
Who are Most Texans Rooting for in the NBA Finals?
Dallas Mavs Fan Ejected After Allegedly Pushing Chris Paul's Mom
The Dallas Mavericks Win Despite A Rare Rain Delay On Monday Night


text:
\section{Introduction}

In September 2013, we stumbled upon networks generated by finitely many maps $T_i$
on a ring $R$ \cite{GK1,GK2}. The rule is that two different points $x,y$ in $R$
are connected if there is a map $T_i$ from $x$ to $y$. Some constructions of finite
simple graphs can be seen below in this document.
The idea is based on the old concept of {\bf Cayley graphs} which visualizes finitely presented groups
equipped with finitely many generators $T_i(x) = a_i x$ on groups. For a single transformation
$T$ on a ring $R$, one has a dynamical system: $T: R \to R$. The networks visualize the orbit
structure of these systems if we think of the monoid generated by $T$ as ``time". We disregard here however
the digraph structure, self-loops and multiple connections and look at finite simple graphs only.
As in complex dynamics, where the simplest polynomial maps already produce a rich variety of
fractals, the discrete structures can be complex. The maps $T_i$ on the ring do not have to be algebraic,
they could be any permutation on a finite set. One can see these networks as graph homomorphic images
of Cayley graphs generated by the transformations in the permutation groups of the vertex set.
An other motivation comes from dynamical systems theory: since a computer always simulates
a system on a finite set, it is interesting to see what the relation between this discrete
and continuum is. The relation between the continuum and arithmetic systems have been investigated
for example in \cite{vivaldi,Rannou,lanford98}; a dynamical system like $T(x) = cx(1-x)$ on the interval
$[0,1]$ is realized on the computer as a map on a finite set leading to finitely many cyclic attractors.
For two or more maps, this can become a rather complex and geometric network.  \\

The fact that simple polynomial maps produce arithmetic chaos is exploited by {\bf pseudo
random number generators}. There is a mild justification in that random variables like
$x,T(x)=x^2+c$ are asymptotically independent \cite{knillprobability} on $Z_n$ in the limit
$n \to \infty$. While the pseudo random nature given by the quadratic map $Z_n$ is unclear, the orbits are
sufficiently random to be exploited or example in the ``Pollard rho method" for integer factorization \cite{Riesel}.
Maps like $x \to x^2$ modulo $p$ or cellular automata maps were visualized in \cite{WolframState1,WolframState2}
using state transition digraphs. \\

What is new? By allowing more transformations, we can get more structure and more variety. Our point of view is
motivated heavily from the study of deterministic and random networks.
The generalization from groups to monoids and by looking at the state space instead of the group itself, we
break symmetries: while Cayley graphs look more like rigid crystals, the monoid graphs tend to produce
rather organic structures resembling networks we see in social networks, computer networks,
synapses, chemical or biological networks and especially in peer to peer networks.
This happens already in the simplest cases: we can for example take quadratic maps $T(x) = x^2+a, S(x)=x^2+b$
or affine maps like $T(x)=3x+1$ and $S(x)=3x+1$ on $Z_n$.
Whether we take affine, or nonlinear or arithmetic functions, the networks obtained in such a dynamical way
can be intriguing:  \\

{\bf a)} The dynamical graphs show {\bf visually interesting structures} which bring arithmetic relations to live.
{\bf b)} Their {\bf statistical properties} of path length, global cluster and vertex degree are interesting.
{\bf c)} Some examples lead to {\bf deterministic small world examples} with small diameter and large cluster.
{\bf d)} The graphs display {\bf rich-club phenomena}, where high degree nodes are more interconnected.
{\bf e)} Many  feature {\bf garden of eden states}, unreachable configurations like transient trees.
{\bf f)} They can feature {\bf attractors} like cycle sub graphs but also more complex structures.
{\bf g)} By definition, these graphs are {\bf factors of Cayley graphs} on the permutation group of V.
{\bf h)} They are {\bf universal} in the sense that any finite simple graph can be obtained like that.
{\bf i)} In many cases, classes of networks produce natural probability spaces as we can parametrize maps.
{\bf j)} In certain cases, the graphs appear to be {\bf triangularizations of manifolds} or varieties.
{\bf k)} In the arithmetic case, the topology like connectivity and dimension leads to Diophantine problems.   \\

Some pictures can be seen at the end of the article. Here are two experimental observations: \\

{\bf A)} (\cite{GK1}) We measure that the mean length $\mu(G)$ and the global clustering coefficient $\nu(G)$
have the property that $\lambda(G) = -\mu(G)/\log(\nu(G))$ often has a compact limit set if the number of nodes go
to infinity. When choosing random permutations and averaging, we see actual convergence in the limit $n \to \infty$.
The two quantities $\mu(G)$ and $\nu(G)$ are essential to see small world phenomena as seen in \cite{WattsStrogatz}.
A reasonable conjecture is that in the probability space of all pairs of random permutations $f,g$ on $Z_n$,
the random variable $\lambda(G(f,g))$ has an expectation which converges for $n \to \infty$. There
is strong numerical evidence for that. In \cite{GK1} we also showed how one can naturally construct
large bipartite or multipartite graphs using dynamical constructions. \\

{\bf B)} (\cite{GK2}) We get deterministic examples of networks which feature all the
statistical properties of Watts-Strogatz \cite{WattsStrogatz} in the sense that $\mu,\nu$ and vertex distributions
behave in the same way. The statistic is almost indistinguishable from W-S. These examples are of the
form $T_i(x) = [x^{1+\epsilon_i} + i]$, where at least one $\epsilon_i$ is $0$ and
the others are equal to $p$, a permutation parameter.
For $\epsilon_i=0$ and $k$ maps, we have the initial wiring setup of Watts-Strogatz for $p=0$.
While in Watts-Strogatz, the rewiring is done in a probabilistic way, this is taken care
by increasing the nonlinearity. If the maps are nonlinear but close to linear, we see interesting
geometric features appearing discussed in \cite{GK2}. For example:
if maps are close to linear maps, interesting topological structures can appear. \\

In this paper, we prove a couple of elementary which indicate how these graphs
can relate to elementary number theory. To do so, we have questions from dynamical systems as a guide.
The subject of networks has exploded in the last decade, as a
look onto the library shows \cite{Goyal,BornholdtSchuster,GoodmanORourke,CohenHavlin,newman2010,nbw2006,
WassermanFaust,Jackson,SmallWorld, BallobasKozmaMiklo,ibe,vansteen,newman2010,Meester,Easley,shen}.
It has been made accessible to a larger audience in books like
\cite{SixDegrees,Buchanan, Linked,Sync,Connected}.  \\

The topics in the next sections are in an obvious way motivated from corresponding problems in
complex dynamics, where the question of connectivity and dimension of the Julia sets is of interest. One can
also look at the analogue of the Mandelbrot set, the set of parameters for which graphs
are connected. If we have a class of dynamically generated graphs, we can ask how the clique size is distributed
on the parameter space. As in dynamical system terminology, we look for the
connectivity locus and the dimension of the object. The subject can lead to relatively simple but unexplored
questions. It is suited for experimentation (as we have accessed it ourselves primarily) and is
almost unexplored. We illustrate this by formulating some simple questions related to connectivity.
Computer algebra code will be available on the project website and the Wolfram demonstration project.

\begin{figure}
\scalebox{0.43}{\includegraphics{newfigures/twodim.pdf}}
\caption{
A graph is generated by $f(x)=x^2+1,g(x)=x^2+2$ on $Z_{3000}$. It has diameter $9$,
average vertex degree $3.99$, characteristic path length $\mu=5.8$, mean clustering $\nu=0.00074$
and a length-cluster coefficient $\lambda=0.806994$.
}
\end{figure}

\section{Affine maps and smooth numbers}

We first look at graphs generated by a single affine map $T(x)=ax+b$ on the ring $Z_n=Z/(nZ)$.
Given parameters $(a,b)$, for which $n$ is the graph connected on $Z_n$? Lets
assume first $T(x)= a x$ on $Z_n$. The following result will be used later on:

\begin{lemma}
The graph on $Z_n$ generated by $T(x)=2x$ is connected if and only if $n$ is a power of $2$.
\label{lemma1}
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
If $n$ is a power of $2$, then $T^k x = 2^k x$ is divisible by $n$ if
$k$ is larger or equal than $n$. We see that every $x$ is eventually attracted by $0$ and
that the graph is a tree. If $n = p 2^m$ with $p$ being relatively prime to $2$, we can look
at the orbit $T^k x = x 2^k$ modulo $p$. If $x$ is divisible by $p$, then $T^kx$ stays
divisible by $p$ and the graph is not connected.
\end{proof}

If we look at $Z_n^*$, we get additionally some primes. Which ones?
We see that $3, 5, 11, 13, 19, 29, 37, 53, 59, 61, 67, 83, 101, \dots $ lead to connected graphs while
$7, 17, 23, 31, 41, 43, 47, 71, 73, 79, 89, 97, 103, \dots $ lead to disconnected ones.

\begin{propo}[Miniature I: Artin]
The graph on $Z_n^*$ generated by $T(x)=2x$ has one component if and only if $n$
is a power of $2$ or a prime $p$ for which $2$ is a primitive root.
\end{propo}
\begin{proof}
We look at the dynamics on $Z_n^* = Z_n \setminus \{0\}$, where $n$ is a prime.
If $2$ is a primitive root modulo $n$, then by definition,
the orbit $ \{ 2^k \; {\rm mod} \; n \; \}$ covers the multiplicative group $Z_n^*$
and the graph is connected. If $2$ is not a primitive root, then there exists $x$
for which the discrete logarithm problem $2^k = x \; {\rm mod} \; n$ has no
solution. The graph is not connected.
\end{proof}

{\bf Remarks.} \\
{\bf 1)} It is an open problem to determine the fraction of the set
of primes is for which $2$ is a primitive root.
Among the first $n=10^6$ primes, 374023 have this property.
A conjecture of Artin implies that this probability should converge to the
{\bf Artin constant} $\prod_{p \; {\rm prime}} (1-1/(p (p-1))) = 0.3739558...$. \\
{\bf 2)} There are analogous results, when $2$ is replaced with an other prime.
What matters for prime $n$  whether $a$ is a primitive root in the field
$Z_n$ or not.

\begin{defn}
Given a finite set $P$ of primes, we call the set of all products
$\{ \prod_{p_i \in P} p_i^{n_i} \; | \; n_i \geq 0 \; \}$
the set of all {\bf $P$-smooth numbers}. If $P$ is the set of $P$-smooth
numbers, lets call the set $P \cup 2P$ the set of
{\bf double $P$-smooth numbers}. If $a$ is an integer, we call the set of
numbers which have only prime factors from $a$ to be {\bf $a$-smooth }.
Similarly, if $a,b$ are integers, the set of numbers which have only prime factors
from $a,b$ are called $(a,b)$-smooth.
\end{defn}

Double smooth numbers appear as the "connectivity locus" in the case $x \to 3x+1$: the graph is connected for
$n=1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18, 27, 54, 81, \dots $ which is the set of double $\{3\}$ -smooth numbers,
numbers which are a power of $3$ or twice a power of $3$. We do not have a complete picture yet but state only:

\begin{lemma}
The set of $n$ which are connected for $T(x)=ax+b$ is a subset of all $\{ a,a-1 \; \}$ smooth numbers.
\label{lemma2}
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
If $q$ is a prime factor of $n$ which does not divide $a-1$, then the graph
is not connected: there is a congruence class
modulo $q$ which is a fixed point of $T$. The reason is that $a x+b = x \; {\rm mod}(q)$
has a solution $x=-b (a-1)^{-1}$.
For example, if $T(x) = 5x+1$ and $n=21$ which has a factor $q=3$, then the
congruence class $2$ modulo $3$ is a fixed point of $T$. Since this
congruence class is invariant, the graph is not connected.
If $a$ divides $n$, then $n=k a$ and $T^a$ produces a translation on $Z_q$
and there is a chance that we have several graphs. If $a$ is prime and
does not divide $n$,
\end{proof}

Here are some results, where we denote by $(p_1,...,p_n)$ the $P=\{p_1,...,p_n\}$ smooth
numbers and by  $(2^*,p_1,..p_n)$ the double $P$ smooth numbers. We computed the table by
constructing the graphs, seeing which are connected and matching it with $P$ smooth sequences.

\begin{tabular}{|l|lllllll|} \hline
       & $b=0$    & $b=1$            &  $b=2$         & $b=3$           & $b=4$         & $b=5$               &  $b=6$ \\ \hline
$a=2$  & $(2)$    & $(2)$            &                &                 &               &                     &        \\
$a=3$  & $(3)$    & $(2^*,3)$        &  $(3)$         &                 &               &                     &        \\
$a=4$  & $(2)$    & $(2,3)$          &  $(2,3)$       & $(2)$           &               &                     &        \\
$a=5$  & $(5)$    & $(2,5)$          &  $(5)$         & $(2,5)$         & $(5)$         &                     &        \\
$a=6$  & $(2,3)$  & $(2,3,5)$        &  $(2,3,5)$     & $(2,3,5)$       & $(2,3,5)$     & $(2,3)$             &        \\
$a=7$  & $(7)$    & $(2^*,3,7)$      &  $(3,7)$       & $(2^*,7)$       & $(3,7)$       & $(2^*,3,7)$         & $(7)$  \\
$a=8$  & $(2)$    & $(2,7)$          &  $(2,7)$       & $(2,7)$         & $(2,7)$       & $(2,7)$             & $(2,7)$  \\ \hline
\end{tabular}

We always get smoothness sequences or double smoothness sequences involving the prime factors of $a$ and $a-1$.
For $T(x)=px$ with prime $p$, we have connectivity for $\{p\}$-smooth numbers $\{p,p^2,p^3, ... \}$.
For $T(x)=px+1$ with prime $p$ we have connectivity for $\{p,(p-1)\}$ smooth numbers if $p-1$ is divisible by $4$
and double $\{p,P(p-1) \setminus \{2\} \}$-smooth numbers if $p-1$ is divisible by $2$.  \\

We should also look at the case $a=1$. Now $T^k(x) = x+k b$ and the graph is connected if and only if
$b$ has no common divisor with $n$. If $R=Z_n^m$ and $T(\vec{x}) = x+ k \vec{b}$, then the graph is connected if
all $b_i$ have no common divisor with $n$. This is the Chinese remainder theorem.

\section{Quadratic maps and Fermat primes}

An other simple example of a dynamically generated graph is obtained with $T(x)=x^2$ on $Z_n$.
In \cite{WolframState1}, this is attributed to a suggestion of Stan Wagon. How many components
does the graph have? We see that for $n=2^k$ with $k \in N$, there are two components, the even
and odd numbers.

\begin{defn}
A prime of the form $n=2^{2^k}+1$ is called a {\bf Fermat prime}.
\end{defn}

\begin{propo}[Miniature II: Fermat]
The graph on $Z_n^*$ is connected if and only if $n=2$ or if $n$ is a Fermat prime $n=2^{2^k}+1$.
\end{propo}
\begin{proof}
If $n$ is not prime $n=pq$, then the orbit of $x=p$ has the property that every point
$T^k(x)$ is divisible by $p$ modulo $n$ and the graph is not connected.
We can therefore assume that $n$ is a prime.
This allows find a primitive root $a$ and write $Z_n^* = \{a^k\}$.
If $n$ is a Fermat prime, then the graph is a tree centered at $1$. The
elements $1$ and the quadratic non residues have one neighbor, while the
quadratic residues have $3$ neighbors $x^2, \pm \sqrt{x}$.
If $n$ is not a Fermat prime, then $n-1$ is not a power $2$ and has
therefore a factor $q$ different from a power of $2$. We look now on the
dynamics of the system $x \to 2x$ modulo $q 2^l$.  We have seen in Lemma~(\ref{lemma1})
that the graph is connected if and only if $q=1$. In other words, the graph is connected if
and only if $n$ is a Fermat prime.
\end{proof}

The only Fermat primes known are $F_0,F_1,F_2,F_3,F_4$.
It would be interesting to know the Euler characteristic of the graphs $G_n$ generated
by $T(x)=x^2$ on $Z_n$.  The list of Euler characteristics starts with
$$ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 2, 4, 3, 6, 4, 2, 2, 6, 3, 4, 6, 4, 2, ...  \; . $$
The graphs do not need to be simply connected. An example is $G_{59}$, a case with $3$ components
and one large cycle. To get triangles, we have to solve $((x^2)^2)^2=x^8=x$ which is only possible if
$x-0$ or $x^7-1$ is a multiple of $n$. Indeed, for $n=127$ we get the first such graph with $2$
triangles. Since graphs generated by one map never has a tetrahedron, the Euler characteristic
of a graph $G_n$ is $v-e+f$, where $v$ is the number of vertices, $e$ the number of edges and
$f$ the number of triangles.  \\

If we take $T(x)=x^3$, we see no nontrivial graphs with $1$ or $2$ components.
Graphs with $n=3^k$ have three components.
For $T(x)=x^n$ with even $n$ we have the same list of graphs with $2$ components
as in the case of $n=2$. For $n=5$, the list of integers on which $T(x)=x^5$  has
a graph with $3$ components starts with $3,4,11,251, \dots  $. \\

In the case $T(x) = 2^x$, the distribution of the number of components is smaller
and we measure about $M/\log(M)$ graphs among all graphs with $n=1,\dots ,M$ which have
one component. Now, we can ask for which $n$ the graphs generated by $x \to 2^x$
are connected.

\begin{figure}
\scalebox{0.30}{\includegraphics{newfigures/fermat2.pdf}}
\caption{
The Fermat graph for $F_3 = 2^{2^3}+1=257$.
}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\scalebox{0.30}{\includegraphics{newfigures/fermat4b.pdf}}
\caption{
The Fermat graph for the largest known Fermat prime $F_4 = 2^{2^4}+1=65537$. }
\end{figure}

\section{A class of Collatz type networks}

This example is inspired by the famous Collatz $3x+1$ problem,  a
"prototypical example of an extremely simple to state, extremely hard to solve, problem" to cite
\cite{lagarias}. It deals with two maps: a number $n$ is divided by $2$ if it is even
and mapped to $3n+1$ if it is odd. The problem is whether every starting point converges
to $1$ when applying this rule. We can look at networks generated by affine maps
$T(x) = 2x$ and $S(x) = 3x+1$ on $Z_n$, disregarding the conditioning  and ask about the structure
of this network. Of course, we can not expect any trivial relations with the Collatz problem any more.
The graphs look surprisingly random. It is the non-commutativity of the monoid generated by
$T,S$ as well as the conditional application of these two maps which makes the
original Collatz problem difficult. When the graph is generated by $T(2x+1)=6x+4, T(2x)=2x, S(2x)=x/2,
S(2x+1)=x$, then this leads to the Collatz graph which is believed to be a tree. Note that the original
Collatz problem is generated by one map. We look at the two affine maps unconditionally.

\begin{figure}
\scalebox{0.22}{\includegraphics{newfigures/collatz0.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.22}{\includegraphics{newfigures/collatz1.pdf}}
\caption{
The first graph shows the graph generated by $T(x)=2x,S(x)=3x$ on $Z_{31}$. This is
a Cayley graph on the multiplicative group. The second shows the
Collatz graph generated by $T(x)=2x,S(x)=3x+1$ on $Z_{31}$. The symmetry is broken:
the maps $T,S$ do not commute any more. }
\end{figure}

We see experimentally that all networks $C_n$ on $Z_n^*$ generated by the
dynamical system $(Z_n,T(x)=3x+1,S(x)=2x)$ are connected. This is not related
to the Collatz problem, where connections are only done under conditions leading to a digraph
called Collatz graph which if the Collatz conjecture is true, is a connected tree.
The connectivity question is interesting for general affine maps. For $d \geq 2$-dimensional
graphs, non-connectivity (ignoring the isolated vertex $0$)
is more rare but still can happen. For the graph generated by $5x+2,3x+1$ for example, we have for prime $n$
about $2/3$ connected graphs and $1/3$ disconnected; the number of connected components looks exponentially
distributed. For the graph generated by $5x+1,3x+1$ we appear to have connectivity for all primes. \\

The connectivity question can be seen as a non-commutative Chinese remainder theorem problem because we want to
solve $T^{n_1} S^{n_2} \dots T_{n_k} S_{n_k} x = y$. In the commutative case, this reduces to
$T^n S^m x = y$. An example is $T(x) = a x$ and $S(x)=bx$ where the maps commute.
It is enough to assure that for every $x$ we can find $u,v$ such that $a^u b^v = x {\rm mod}(n)$.
If either $a$ or $b$ is a primitive root of unity, then $b=a^l$ and we have the problem to solve
$a^{u+lv} = x$, which is no problem already for $v=0$.  \\

Here is an amusing fact for Collatz networks:

\begin{propo}[Miniaturet III: Collatz]
All Collatz networks $C_n = (Z_n,2x,3x+1)$ have exactly $4$ triangles
if $n$ is prime and larger than $17$.
\end{propo}
\begin{proof}
Since $Z_p$ is a field if $n=p$ is prime, a linear equation modulo a prime can be solved
in a unique way. Let $T(x)=2x$ and $S(x)=3x+1$. Since $T^3(x)=8x=x$ has only the solution $x=0$
and $S^3(x) = 13+27x=x$ has a unique solution which is already a solution of $S(x)=x$,
we see that every triangle must be formed with $2$ maps $T$ and one map $S$ or two maps $S$
and one map $T$. In each of the four possible cases $T^2(S(x))$ and $T(S(T(x))$
and $S^2 T(x)$ $STS(x))$ we have exactly one solution.
Now for small primes, there are either less or more solutions.
For $n=13$ for example, the equation $S^3(x)=x$ is solved by any $x$. There are $6$ triangles.
The combinations of three maps from $T,S,T^{-1},S^{-1}$ produces $4^3=64$ possible polynomials.
The largest coefficient which appears is $27$. For $p>27$ there are exactly $4$ solutions.
We check by hand that also for $p=19,23$, there are exactly $4$ solutions.
\end{proof}

\begin{figure}[H]
\scalebox{0.43}{\includegraphics{newfigures/fourtriangles.pdf}}
\caption{
The Collatz graph $C_{113}$ generated by $T(x)=3x+1,S(x)=2x$ on $Z_{113}$ with the four triangles.
}
\end{figure}

{\bf Remark}. This result is neither special nor universal. The dynamical graph generated by
$2x+1,3x+1$ also has $4$ triangles for prime $n>17$.
Similarly, the graph generated by $5x+1,3x+1$, but the one generated by $T(x)=5x+2,S(x) =3x+1$ has
no triangles for prime $n>37$. Why? For $n=41$ for example, we have $T(S(T(20))=20$ but
also $T(20)=20$ and $S(20)=20$. For prime $n$, the point $(n-1)/2$ is a fixed point of both $T$ and $S$
so that $x,T(x),S(T(x))$ is not a triangle but a point.
What about non-prime $n$? It can be subtle for $n=pq$ already, where we can see different numbers
of triangles.  \\

The statistics of the Collatz networks on $Z_n$ generated by $T(x)=3x+1,S(x)=2x$ is typical
among other dynamical networks. We see that the mean path length-mean cluster coefficient relation
$\lambda(C_n) = - \mu(C_n)/\log(\nu(C_n))$ converges for $n \to \infty$.
The dimension of the Collatz graphs converges to $1$ for $n \to \infty$ as the number
of triangles are rare. It would be nice to know the exact number of triangles in the general
case (not only for primes). This might gives hope that we might be able to
compute the Euler characteristic of $C_n$ exactly.

\section{Arithmetic functions}

The map $T(x) = \sigma(x)-x$ gives the sum of the proper divisors of $x$. Fixed points of
$T$ are called {\bf perfect numbers}. While the structure of even perfect numbers is known it is
an ancient problem whether there are odd perfect numbers.
Periodic points of period $2$ are {\bf amicable numbers}. It is not known whether there are infinitely
many.  The dynamical system generated by $T$ on $\mathbb{Z}$ is the Dickson dynamical system \cite{dicksonI}.
We call the graphs on $Z_n$ generated by $T$ Dickson graphs. Their topological properties depend
on number theoretical properties. We can now play with other graphs like graphs generated by $T(x)$
and $S(x)=x+1$.

\begin{figure}[H]
\scalebox{0.35}{\includegraphics{newfigures/dickson.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.35}{\includegraphics{newfigures/dickson2.pdf}}
\caption{
Dickson graphs: the first graph is generated by $T(x)=\sigma(x)-x$.
The second is the graph generated by by $T$ and $S(x)=x+1$.
}
\end{figure}

As the Dickson dynamical system illustrates, questions involving the iteration of arithmetic
functions can be difficult. The oldest known open problem in mathematics is related to it.

\section{Pierpont primes}

One of the simplest nonlinear cases with two dimensional time
is $T(x) = x^2$ and $S(x) = x^3$ on $Z_n$. This is a case where the monoid is commutative.
One can ask, for which $n$, the graph on $\{2, \dots, n-1\}$ generated by $x^2,x^3$ is connected.
This can be answered because $T(x) = x^2$ and $S(x)=x^3$ commute. We have
$T^n(S^m(x)) = x^{2^n 3^m}$.

\begin{defn}
A prime $n$ is called a Pierpont prime if is of the
form $2^t 3^s+1$, where $s,t$ are integers.
\end{defn}

The list of Pierpont primes starts with
$$  2,3,5,7,13,17,19,37,73,97,109,163,193,257,433,487,577, ... \; . $$
It is unknown whether there are infinitely many.  Gleason has shown that these primes play
an important role with ruler, compass and angle trisection \cite{gleason88}.
He was also the first to conjecture that there are infinitely many Pierpont primes.
Here is an elementary proposition which illustrates the relation
between arithmetic and graph theory:

\begin{propo}[Miniature IV: Pierpont]
The graph on $Z_n^*$ generated $T(x)=x^2$ and $S(x)=x^3$ is connected
if and only if $n$ is a Pierpont prime.
\end{propo}

\begin{proof}
If $n=pq$, then any multiple of $p$ will remain a multiple of $p$ after applying $T$ or $S$.
This implies that the graph is not connected. We therefore need that $n$ is prime.
If $n$ is prime, then the multiplicative group of $Z_n$ is cyclic. A generator is a primitive
root. We can now look at indices (discrete logarithms) and get maps $x \to 2x$ and $x \to 3x$ on the
multiplicative group $\{1, \dots ,n-1 \; \}$.
Either $n$ is even and equal to $2$ in which it is a Pierpont prime or $n$ is odd and of the form
$2^t k + 1$, where $k$ is an integer.
The proof is concluded with two things: (i) if $k=3^s$, then the graph is connected. (ii) If $k$ has a
factor different from $2$ and $3$, then the graph is disconnected.
Part (i) is clear because the maps $U(x) = 2x, V(x) = 3x$ on $Z_{n-1} = Z_{2^t 3^s}$ eventually lead to
$0$ modulo $2^t 3^s$, showing that the graph is connected.
Part (ii) follows from Lemma~(\ref{lemma2}).
\end{proof}

This can be generalized.  For example a graph generated by $x^2,x^5$ is connected if and only if the primes are
of the form $2^t 5^u+1$. The sequence of these primes is $2,3,5,11,17,41,101,...$. \\

\begin{figure}[H]
\scalebox{0.34}{\includegraphics{newfigures/pierpont769.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.34}{\includegraphics{newfigures/pierpont10369.pdf}}
\caption{
Pierpont graphs generated by $x^2,x^3$ are connected on $Z_n^*$ if $n$ is a
Pierpont prime. We see three cases: $n=769$ and $n=10369$.
}
\end{figure}

\section{Rings with more structure}

Lets take the non-commutative ring $R=M(2,Z_n)$. If $T(x)=x^2$, then since diagonal matrices
are left invariant by $T$ we can not have one component but have at least two components in the
graph. We need a Fermat prime $n$ to have two components.

\begin{figure}
\scalebox{0.32}{\includegraphics{newfigures/matrix0.pdf}}
\caption{
The graph given by of $T(x) = x^2$ on the ring $R$ of upper triangular $2 \times 2$ matrices
over $Z_5$ has two main components. There are other components associated to matrices with
zero eigenvalues.
}
\end{figure}

Lets stay with $M(2,Z_n)$ and consider maps $T_i(x) = x^2 +c_i$.
The networks generated like that look more complex but the statistics is not much different
than in the commutative case.

\begin{figure}[H]
\scalebox{0.32}{\includegraphics{newfigures/matrix.pdf}}
\caption{
An example of graph using a noncommutative ring. We take the graph generated by the two
quadratic transformations $x \to x^2 + A$
and $x \to x^2 + B$
on the matrix ring $M(2,Z_5)$.
}
\end{figure}

We can also look at polynomial rings $R[x]/(p)$ where $p$ is a polynomial.

\begin{figure}[H]
\scalebox{0.2}{\includegraphics{newfigures/polynomial3.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.2}{\includegraphics{newfigures/polynomial2.pdf}}
\caption{
Graphs on $Z_n[x]/x^6$ (n=4,5) generated by three transformations
$T_1(f) = f'$, $T_2(f) = f^2$ and $T_3(f) = f+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$.
}
\end{figure}

More generally, one can look at small rings. For example, there are 11
rings of size $4$.  \\

Finally, we can look at transformations of the finite vector space $Z_p^n$.
A natural choice are {\bf elementary cellular automata}. With the Wolfram numbering
for the 256 possible rules, we have for every $n$ a parameter space with $2^{16}$ elements.
We see experimentally that for some parameters, the connectivity fluctuates with $n$
while for others, the connectivity stays. We could explore this however only for
$n \leq 25$ because this produces already graphs with number of entries reaching the
human population on earth.

\section{Five Mandelbrot Problems}

Here are five connectivity problems which are unsettled at the moment but
look accessible.  \\

\begin{center} \fbox{\parbox{10cm}{
{\bf 1)} Find necessary and sufficient conditions which assure that the graph
generated by $T(x)=ax+b$ on $Z_n$ is connected.  \\
}} \end{center}

We have seen that $n$ is a (double) $P$ smooth number where $P$ is a subset of the
union of primes of $a$ and $a-1$. \\

\begin{center} \fbox{\parbox{10cm}{
{\bf 2)} Are all graphs on $Z_n$ generated by $T(x)=3x+1, S(x)=2x$ connected?  \\
}} \end{center}

We have checked this at the moment only for all graphs up to $n=200'000$ nodes. \\

\begin{center} \fbox{\parbox{10cm}{
{\bf 3)} Find necessary and sufficient conditions which assure that the graph
generated by $T(x)=x^a$ and $S(x)=x^b$ on $Z_n^*$ is connected.  \\
}} \end{center}

We have seen that if $a=2$ and $n$ is a Fermat prime, then the graph is
connected because it is already connected for one transformation.
An example is $n=257, a=5, b=56$.  \\

\begin{center} \fbox{\parbox{10cm}{
{\bf 4)} Which $2 \times 2$ matrices $A$ in $R=M(2,Z_n)$ have the property that
$T(x)=x^2+A$ produces a connected graph?   \\
}} \end{center}

An example of a connected graph is obtained for $n=5$ with
$A = \left[ \begin{array}{cc} 1 & 2 \\ 2 &  4 \\ \end{array} \right]$.

\begin{center} \fbox{\parbox{10cm}{
{\bf 5)} For which $n,a,b$ do the elementary cellular automata $T_a,T_b$ acting on the field $Z_2^n$
produce connected graphs?
}} \end{center}

\begin{figure}
\scalebox{0.31}{\includegraphics{newfigures/mandelbrot9.pdf}}
\caption{
The CA Mandelbrot set $M$ for pairs of elementary CA on $Z_2^9$.
Colored are the parameters $(a,b)$ with
$0 \leq a,b \leq 255$ for which one has a connected graph.
}
\end{figure}

For every $n$ there are $2^{16}$ possible graphs. One can ask whether we have for fixed $a,b$
convergence of the number of connectivity components when $n \to \infty$. This seems to be the case for $a=101,b=110$.
For other pairs like $a=3,b=4$ we see fluctuations in $n$ which seem to depend on the prime
factorization of $n$  at least for the $n$ in which we can construct the graphs like $n \leq 25$.

\section{Pictures}

The following pictures have been produced with code we will submit to
a demonstration project allowing readers to draw the graphs on their own.
In the mean time the code is also available on the project website.

\scalebox{0.23}{\includegraphics{newfigures/1000.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.23}{\includegraphics{newfigures/1001.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.23}{\includegraphics{newfigures/1002.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.23}{\includegraphics{newfigures/1003.pdf}}
\scalebox{0.23}{\includegraphics{newfigures/1004.pdf}}
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This blog entry was first posted at A Platform for Good, a project of the Family Online Safety Institute (FOSI) designed to help parents, teachers and teens to connect, share and do good online.
A dad tells me that his son is addicted to Minecraft, a well-known video game. A mother says that her daughter has a tantrum whenever she takes away the iPad. "She is texting her friends all night long," says another mom. One father is setting limits on electronic use for his kids, but he gets so much pushback, he's ready to give up.
More than 30 parents turned up on a weeknight in the middle of July for our workshop at PEP to help parents get a handle on their kids' overuse of electronics. It was a bit of a mystery to me why this has become such a bane to modern parenting. As a psychotherapist and a parent of three twenty-something children myself, I know never to judge. When my kids were young, TV and video games were the constant lure. But, they weren't such a draw to parents themselves. As a parent educator, I watch parents wherever I go, and notice what they do, how they talk to their children, and how they discipline. Mainly, I notice parents on their own electronic devices. Mothers on their cell phone talking in the grocery store, while their children sit in the basket; parents in the carpool line reading e-mail on their smart phones, not even noticing when their kids get in the car. I see dads at soccer games, spending the entire time on their Blackberry. If that were my dad, I'd rather he didn't come! We adults are constantly checking our phones, working on computers, or watching Netflix. Part of me is thrilled that my kids are launched, so I don't have to set that example. I love my devices! But, how is it any wonder that children are so enamored with electronics? Even my 18-month-old niece will take the closest device and put it up to her ear. They are simply following our example.
If you are really serious as a parent about setting limits on your children's use of electronic devices, take a close look at your own screen habits. Especially in the early years, children are only imitating what they see. Try keeping a log of how much time you spend checking your devices. How many do you have in your house? Are you in control of electronics, or are they in control of you? Do you feel guilty, or anxious if you don't have your phone, or haven't checked it lately? We all need to do a better job of managing the overuse of technology devices.
Part of the problem is that parents have become managers. We are so busy doing, that we miss out on actually being with our children. Parents are busy making sure they get kids to this practice, or that class. Are children doing all their homework, keeping their schedule? Creating the resume necessary to get ahead? Will this current generation of children lack the ability to look inward, to understand their emotions, because they are so busy trying to accomplish more tasks, including keeping up with their friends on Snapchat, Instagram and Twitter?
The ability to slow down reactions and look inward is a skill that is critical to developing kindness, resilience, and what we call mindfulness. It is a skill that is becoming lost, and undervalued.
We so clearly need to help our children develop awareness of their feelings and empathy toward others. This comes from simply being with each other, and not while we are using our iPhones. I want to suggest to parents that they begin with their own awareness, slow down, and tune in to their children. When people experience real connection, there is nothing better. You will create a relationship around appreciation, cooperation and caring. Then, you can begin to establish limits and agreements as a family that believes in connecting face to face. Once you have that connection, they know you are coming from a place of understanding and trust. Without this connection, a contract with your child is useless.
Tory Joseph is a Certified Parent Educator who has been teaching parenting classes for 17 years, including PEP's 10-week core classes, and workshops on Anger Management, Siblings Without Rivalry, Helping Kids Take Responsibility, Mindful Parenting, Emotion Coaching and Positive Discipline. She is fund development chair and former president of PEP's Board of Directors. Tory has a Master's degree in Counseling from Boston University and a post-Master's certificate in Clinical Community Counseling from Johns Hopkins University. She is a psychotherapist for the Imago Center of DC, and lives in Bethesda with her husband. They have three grown children, ages 26, 24 and 20.


The world of forex is swirling with myths and misconceptions. It doesn't matter if you are an amateur or an experienced trader. These forex trading myths often affect how traders decide their transactions. It is very important to know these various myths and misconceptions. Having knowledge about these can help a trader minimize unnecessary risks, stress, and frustrations.
Forex trading is attractive to many traders. Numerous people trade in forex but many of them fail because of wrong judgments that leads to bad decisions. Hence, it is important to figure out why traders fail and make a backup plan that will help you succeed in trading forex.
With the help of the internet, the popularity of the forex trading has rapidly increased. Numerous forex retail markets emerged from extensive online advertisements. This, in turn, brought many people to think that forex trading can be a good tool in effortlessly acquiring cash. But in reality, this rarely happens. Forex trading is not a tool for the instant money. It requires patience and consistency. Keep in mind that Forex trading platforms are not gambling tools. It requires tremendous discipline, practice, experience, and knowledge.
People often believe in the saying "the more, the merrier". This is another forex trading myth. For some situations this may be true but it is not effective when it comes to trading. The main point here is that over-trading is bad for your account. Unless you are already an experienced trader. It is important to trade with fewer currency pairs. Stay focused and have fewer pairs to trade. This will result in more focus and attention that will give more profit in your trades. The key factor here is being patient. Do not be too excited in earning fast, it may cause a lot of trouble. Wait for the best opportunities and stay focused no matter how little a profit is. Allot a significant amount of time in preparing your strategies, contemplate your decisions.
Oftentimes, large and well-known institutions have theories about conspiracies and manipulations. The Forex market is not an exemption. When traders lose in the forex market, they blame the market. They complain that the forex market is manipulated. Their allegations are wrong. The Foreign Exchange market is, by far, the largest market in the world. Every day, thousands and thousands of transactions happen in the forex market. If a newcomer is just gambling and not treating his/her account like a business, it is more likely that those with much more experience will easily notice and take advantage of them. Resulting in unexpected losses.
Learn more about forex trading, read our featured articles, free eBooks, and videos.


Lauren Daigle ran to the stage to accept her first Grammy Award.
Lauren Daigle ran to the stage to accept her first Grammy Award, which she won Sunday for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song, an honor she shares with songwriters Jason Ingram and Paul Mabury, for the song "You Say."
Other nominees in the category were Cory Asbury, For King & Country, Mercy Me featuring John Reuben, and Tauren Wells.
Soon after, Daigle was called back to the stage to accept her win for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album, for "Look Up Child."
Other nominees Best Contemporary Christian Music Album were Elevation Worship for "Hallelujah Here Below," Jesus Culture for "Living With A Fire," Michael W. Smith for "Surrounded," and Zach Williams for "Survivor: Live From Harding Prison."
This year's Grammy Awards marked Daigle's third and fourth time being nominated and her first wins. She has won two American Music Awards, two Billboard Music Awards and seven GMA Dove Awards.
Koryn Hawthorne received her first nomination in Best Gospel Performance/Song, but it was Tori Kelly who took home the statue, for the song "Never Alone" on which she collaborated with Kirk Franklin.
Sean Ardoin received his first nomination in the Best American Roots Performance category, however Brandi Carlile won for her song "The Joke." It marked the first of three consecutive wins for Carlile, followed by Best American Roots Song and Best Americana Album, which she took home for "By the Way, I Forgive You."
The Best American Roots Performance Grammy was introduced in 2015, and all five of the winners so far have been women or bands with female lead singers.
Ardoin's second nomination was in the Best Regional Roots Music Album category, which this year went to Kalani Pe'a of Hawaii. Pe'a also won in the same category in 2017. Since the award was introduced in 2012, Pe'a is the only musician or act from outside Louisiana to win the honor.
When the award for Best Regional Roots Music Album was introduced, it took the place of Best Hawaiian Music Album, Best Zydeco or Cajun Music Album and Best Native American Music Album.