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FootballBasketballThe Big House+Hockey/Baseball
Michigan Basketball Recruit Comparison: Hunter Dickinson & Brook Lopez
Michigan landed a massive prospect in center Hunter Dickinson a few days ago.
Brandon Brown
Michigan picked up a commitment from Hyattsville (Md.) DeMatha Catholic four-star center Hunter Dickinson and landed a very large, very skilled big man in the process. Take a look at how Dickinson compares to Brook Lopez; the former Stanford Cardinal who was a five-star center coming out of Fresno (Calif.) San Joaquin Memorial in 2008.
Both On Film
Build wise the two are pretty comparable. Lopez has a more athletic build but was a bit smaller coming out of high school at 6-11, 215 pounds. Dickinson already measures 7-2, 255 pounds, which is closer to where Lopez is now (7-0, 270) more than 10 years into his NBA career.
Lopez's build allowed him to play with a bit more athleticism in high school but he was never viewed as a high flyer and definitely plays more below the rim than above it for someone his size. Dickinson is the same way. Despite being the tallest player on the floor, he does a lot of finger rolls and finesse finishes around the rim. He can get up and slam it with power with two hands easily, but he's definitely a guy who makes his money with skill, not hops or high-flying dunks.
As a high school player, Dickinson is probably more skilled than Lopez was, even though Lopez was the No. 10 player in the country and a five-star prospect. The game is different now, and Dickinson is a much more capable big in today's game. He's already able to step out and hit a three pointer, which Lopez didn't add to his repertoire until a few years ago as an NBA veteran. Dickinson is also a great passer for a young big man, which isn't something Lopez has ever been known for.
If Dickinson can be the kind of college player Lopez was, Michigan fans will be extremely happy. Lopez made an impact as a freshman but blew up as a sophomore. That season for the Cardinal, he averaged 19.3 points, 8.2 rebounds, 1.5 assists and 2.1 blocks per game. He then declared for the NBA Draft and was selected 10th overall by the New Jersey Nets. Dickinson is viewed as a potential future NBA player because of his size and skill, but he's going to have to make a big leap to make it into the top ten of the draft.
Who does Dickinson remind you of? How good do you think he can be at Michigan? Comment below!!!
Breaking Down Michigan's 2021 Football Staff
By Brandon Brown
Jim Harbaugh's Plan For An 11-Team College Football Playoff
By Christopher Breiler
No. 7 Michigan Bounces Back To Trounce Maryland
By Matthew Lounsberry
Rashan Gary Is Special And It's Starting To Show During Packers Playoff Run
Has The JJ McCarthy Era Started At Michigan?
BREAKING: Michigan Running Back Has Entered The Transfer Portal
For JJ McCarthy, The Rivalry With Ohio State Is Personal
Taking A Look At Jim Harbaugh's Quarterback Recruits Through Six Years

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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In the wings: 'The Father' gets a West Coast premiere at North Coast Rep
Richard Baird, James Sutorius and Robyn Cohen appear in North Coast Rep's "The Father."
(Aaron Rumley )
By James Hebert
North Coast Rep is staging the West Coast premiere of Florian Zeller's time-bending, mystery-laced play "The Father," about an older man whose faltering grip on memory shakes up his life and relationship with his daughter.
NCRT artistic chief David Ellenstein directs James Sutorius, Robyn Cohen, Matthew Salazar-Thompson, Jacque Wilke, Richard Baird and Shana Wride in the piece, which was nominated for a Tony Award as best play in 2016.
"The Father" — whose subtitle is "A Tragic Farce" — was translated from the original French by Christopher Hampton. The play premiered in 2012 in Paris; its subsequent Broadway production won a Tony for actor Frank Langella in the lead role.
'The Father'
When: In previews. Opens Saturday (June 2). 7 p.m. Wednesdays; 8 p.m. Thursdays-Fridays; 2 and 8 p.m. Saturdays; 2 and 7 p.m. Sundays. Through June 24.
Where: North Coast Rep, 987 Lomas Santa Fe Drive, Solana Beach.
Tickets: $42-$53 (discounts available).
Online: northcoastrep.org.
jim.hebert@sduniontribune.com
Twitter: @jimhebert
James Hebert
James Hebert is The San Diego Union-Tribune's theater critic, and has covered the San Diego arts scene for more than two decades. He earned his master's degree at Columbia University in New York and worked as a magazine editor in Boston before joining the U-T. Hebert's awards include a national arts-writing prize from the Society for Features Journalism (for a profile of the choreographer Twyla Tharp), and some two dozen local and regional journalism honors; his work also has been republished in two college writing textbooks. In 2009, Hebert served as a juror for the Pulitzer Prize in Drama.
The Pantone Colors of the Year for 2021 are Ultimate Gray and Illuminating
For its Colors of the Year, Pantone picks a union exuding "positivity and fortitude — Ultimate Gray and Illuminating.
From Oceanside to San Ysidro, art could still be found in a county in lockdown
Artists and institutions did their best to adapt to the 'new normal' while some even managed to thrive in a time of seemingly endless crisis


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Home > CGU > CGU_FACULTY > CGU_FAC_PUB > 1003
Ecological Momentary Assessment of Urban Adolescents' Technology Use and Cravings for Unhealthy Snacks and Drinks: Differences by Ethnicity and Sex
Nicholas Borgogna, Utah State University
Ginger Lockhart, Utah State University
Jerry L. Grenard, Claremont Graduate UniversityFollow
Tyson Barrett, Utah State University
Saul Shiffman, University of Pittsburgh - Main Campus
Kim D. Reynolds, Claremont Graduate UniversityFollow
Community Health and Preventive Medicine | Medicine and Health Sciences | Public Health | Public Health Education and Promotion
Adolescents' technology use is generally associated with food cravings, but it is not clear whether specific types of technology elicit particular types of cravings or whether personal characteristics play a role in these associations.
We examined whether momentary associations between four technology types (ie, television, video games, computer messaging, and phone messaging) and cravings for unhealthy snack foods and sweetened drinks were moderated by youths' sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and age.
Urban adolescents (N=158) aged 14 to 17 years provided momentary information about their technology use and food cravings during the course of 1 week and completed survey reports of their personal characteristics. We used multilevel modeling to determine momentary associations and interactions.
Non-Hispanic adolescents showed stronger associations between television exposure and cravings for sweet snacks, salty snacks, and sweetened drinks. Being Hispanic was associated with stronger associations between phone messaging and cravings for sweet snacks, salty snacks, and sweetened drinks. Males showed stronger associations between video game use and salty snack cravings.
As the public health field continues to monitor the effects of technology use on adolescents' eating and overall health, it will be important to determine the extent to which these groups are differentially affected by different forms of technology.
© 2015 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2014.10.015
Borgogna, N, Lockhart, G, Grenard, JL, Shiffman, S, Barrett, T, Reynolds, KD. Ecological momentary assessment of urban adolescents¹ technology use and cravings for unhealthy snacks and drinks: Differences by ethnicity and sex. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 115: 759-766, 2015


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Looking to buy a used Gallardo car ? Take a look...
Lamborghini Gallardo defines the uncompromising Italian nature of the marque
2011 Lamborghini Gallardo LP 560-4 Bicolore
2012 Lamborghini Gallardo LP 560-4 Noctis One Off
2013 Lamborghini Gallardo LP 560-2 50th Anniversary
2009 Lamborghini Gallardo LP 560-4
2013 Lamborghini Gallardo LP 550-2 India Series
2011 Lamborghini Gallardo LP 560-4 Spyder
2013 Lamborghini Gallardo LP560-4 Spyder
2008 Lamborghini Gallardo 'Spyder'
Reg. Year 16- July 2008
2011 Lamborghini Gallardo Spyder
Reg. Year 22-12-2011
2011 Lamborghini Gallardo LP560-4
Lamborghini car Models
It would be safe to say that Lamborghini Gallardo has had loads of variants in the last decade or so with the Italian automaker experimenting with and producing different permutations and combinations of paint jobs, engines, power trains and what not. Some of the popular variants of the car include Blancpain edition, Super Trofeo, and Valentino Balboni.
Though the last Gallardo that rolled out of the production plant was in the year 2013, the craze for the sports car doesn't seem to have dropped even by an inch. Being the best selling model of the Italian marque, the Gallardo has been the sales leader of the brand with total units of 14,022 from 2003 to 2013. The iconic model was replaced by the more powerful and efficient Huracan in the year 2014. The popularity of the model was so high that it was being used by the Italian traffic police during an alarming state of affairs and emergencies.
Family of Pre-Owned Lamborghini Gallardo Cars
A perfect combination of fun and safety, Lamborghini Gallardo has precision over small and minute things that even an expert can skip. The company has incorporated detailed modifications into the sports car for a touch of perfection. The engineers at Lamborghini had adjusted and tuned every element of the machine to provide the driver a dynamic driving experience. It means that the springs, stabilizers, dampers and even the tires have been experimented to get the best out of them. With options available to tailor the car as per the customers' need, requirement and choice, the sharply creased styling of the Gallardo still can turn many heads and is perfect for those who want to be both seen and heard at the same time.
But the biggest question is where to purchase the Gallardo as the production of this marque has been seized. So does it mean that we are not that lucky to get behind the wheels of this iconic sports car that has created a special place for itself all around the globe? Well, the answer is hidden in the second-hand cars' market that is flourishing at a good pace. Not only will you get the machine at the best price but also at the good condition. The love for exotic cars has raised so much among the car enthusiasts that using the word 'used' for the second-hand luxury cars seems like insulting their love, so this is how the word 'pre-owned' came into existence and then continues till yet.
Big Boy Toyz, a leading player in the pre-owned exotic cars in India and is based out of Delhi NCR, has a great collection of the pre-owned Lamborghini Gallardo car that varies from the year 2008 to 2014. We also provide financial assistance to those who need the same at easy EMIs and low-interest rates. Also, the cars put up for sale at the showroom go through a strict process of checking by the experts and are verified and certified by the approved bodies, so as to make the dealing fair and legal. Either you are going for a second hand BMW 5-Series or planning to buy a pre-owned Lamborghini Gallardo from Big Boy Toyz, you don't have to compromise on any front, be it cost or performance and speed of the vehicle.
Experience the Charismatic Second Hand Lamborghini Gallardo up for Sale!
We have generally seen Lamborghini Gallardo feature heavy iron rotors but the Gallardo Spyder model features optional carbon-fiber ceramic brakes that work with 15-inch disc brakes that are light in weight, thus making it easy for navigation. Lamborghini Gallardo is quite powerful as expected when it comes to the engine with the vehicle featuring the odd-firing 5.2-litre V10 all aluminum 40-valve motor that gives away 550hp power and 540Nm torque. The engine is mated to a 6-speed single clutch electro-hydraulic e-gear automatic transmission system that features paddle shifters as well.
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YouTube recently announced it would update its mobile app to allow users to save videos and view them later on, even without an Internet connection. Just a day later, one of the online video industry other top players announced it will offer a similar function on its new mobile app. Vimeo has announced that its iOS 7 app will have offline playback as well as several other new features.
Unlike YouTube, Vimeo laid out the basic framework of its video saving service. Users who add videos to their 'watch later' or 'my videos' libraries will be able to access those videos even without an Internet connection, and removing videos from these lists to best fit each device's available storage will reportedly be an easy process.
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Since the new Vimeo is already available, they've beaten YouTube to the punch on offline viewing. Iphone users would be wise to use Vimeo's video-saving feature as way to test whether they will be interested in the similar service YouTube will roll out a couple months down the line.


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Now the time to send a Card/Letter right on time is over too, and here is a photo of the cards and letters.
Total 31 Cards / Letters. Lynne now got them and she was surprised about the overwhelming amount of letters. (It was a thick package).


The market for personal electric vehicles is growing at an incredible rate of 70% year over year in the United States. The increase in personal electric vehicles is due many causes but mostly because of a growing interest in caring for the environment. According to Fast Company, the market for personal mobility could transform dramatically over the next 25 years. While this shift is due to the new ecosystem of shared mobility, personal vehicles play a role in this ever-evolving landscape.
Why drive a car when it costs money for gas? The Trikke is electric powered plus you can avoid the headache of searching for a parking spot. The Trikke is eminently portable, capable of being folded down in seconds for easy transportation.
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Even Jeremy Cash loves his Trikke Pon-e 48v (electric Trikke). He may be a strong linebacker but he still appreciates how easy Trikke makes it for him to go up hills.
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Pumps & Pipes 11
P&P-Oracle Consortium
Call for Mentors
McNair Hall, Rice University Jones Graduate School of Business
"ONE'S MIND, ONCE STRETCHED BY A NEW IDEA, NEVER REGAINS ITS ORIGINAL DIMENSIONS."
– OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, MD
December 5, 2006 - Pumps & Pipes Conception
On a flight black to Houston, Dr. Alan Lumsden, a cardiovascular surgeon at Houston Methodist Hospital, and the passenger next to him, an ExxonMobil drilling engineer, struck up a conversation about their respective professions. By the time they landed, it was clear that both worked in pumps and pipes professions. The conversation continued with Dr. Bill Kline from ExxonMobil Upstream Research, and Pumps & Pipes was born.
November 12, 2007 - Pumps & Pipes 1: Docs and Rocks
On November 12, 2007 the first Pumps & Pipes Symposium was held at the University of Houston's Texas Learning and Computation Center. Dr. Ioannis Kakadiaris, the Eckhard Pfeiffer Professor at University of Houston, was a codirector. The goal of the meeting was to explore opportunities to develop cross-industry leapfrog technologies and expose medical researchers, clinicians, and oil and gas engineers to emerging P&P innovations in different fields.
December 8, 2008 - Pumps & Pipes 2: The Other Guy's Toolkit
Bill Kline, Alan Lumsden, and Ioannis Kakadiaris at P&P 2
P&P directors introduced the program's new guiding principle: "exploring the other guy's toolkit." This concept would become the bedrock of P&P's strategy for finding collaborative solutions to problems. The second annual symposium focused on showcasing technologies with possible cross-industry applications, such as using robotics and imaging technologies inside a well bore or a blood vessel. Attendance at P&P2 increased 11% from P&P1 to 144 participants.
May 6, 2009 - P&P Program Feasibility Study
The Action Learning Project Report, researched and written by faculty from the Jones Graduate School of Management at Rice University, evaluated the Pumps & Pipes program and made recommendations for continued growth. The report, "Paving the Path from Oilfield to Operating Room," was published on May 6, 2009.
December 7, 2009 - Pumps & Pipes 3: Better Together
State-of-the-art presentations explored novel applications of nanotechnology, remote sensors, fluid conduits, and more, while expert panel discussions outlined Pumps & Pipes problem areas. P&P3 was a great opportunity for cross-industry networking, bringing together a diverse group of professionals such as scientists, engineers, and clinicians involved in cardiovascular medicine; researchers and managers from the oil and gas industry; scientists and engineers from academia; medical device R&D specialists; and venture capitalists. Stephen Igo, director of the Entrepreneurial Institute at Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, was executive director of the conference. Attendance at P&P3 increased 10% from P&P2.
December 6, 2010 - Pumps & Pipes 4: No Boundaries
P&P4 was hosted at the Methodist Hospital Research Institute. In a day of firsts, results were presented from the first collaborative P&P project between Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center and ExxonMobil Upstream Research; together the developed a novel "heartbeat simulator system" for advanced testing and multimodality imaging of cardiovascular devices. Live heart surgery made its debut, with a case streaming from a Houston Methodist operating room. Attendance at P&P4 increased by 14% from P&P3.
April 28, 2011 - P&P International: Doha, Qatar
On April 28, 2011, the first Pumps & Pipes International Conference was held in the grand ballroom of the Four Seasons Hotel in Doha, Qatar. The event, organized by the Qatar Science & Technology Park, ExxonMobil and MDH&VC, brought together more than 160 international experts from medicine and energy. Sponsoring institutions included the Hamad Medical Center, Imperial College London, and Qatar Robotic Surgery Centre. A highlight of the symposium was the live heart surgery case from Houston Methodist Hospital, 8 time zones (8,054 miles) away.
December 15, 2011 - Pumps & Pipes 5: New Horizons
A full day of presentations and exhibits explored new horizons in microbial-induced corrosion of oil pipelines, biofilm imaging, wellbore tractors, nanotechnology, fetal surgery in the womb, shape memory polymers, and more. One of the morning highlights was a presentation by collaborators from ExxonMobil Upstream Research and the Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, who presented results from their joint P&P project visualize flow patterns in a model well bore with gravel pack using magnetic imaging techniques. Our keynote speaker was renowned cardiac surgeon Denton Cooley, M.D., who took us on a trip back in time to the beginning of cardiovascular pumps and pipes surgery. Then attendees got an in-depth look at modern cardiac surgery, with a case streamed live from the hybrid operating room at Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center. For the first time, a P&P webcast was broadcast live, taking P&P to 123 viewers in 14 countries. Attendance at P&P5 increased by 14% from P&P4.
December 3, 2012 - Pumps & Pipes 6: Opportunity Now
P&P6 was a conference of firsts. NASA Johnson Space Center joined the Pumps & Pipes Program for the first time with a number of speakers and stunning exhibits including the Lunar Rover. Participants learned about a steerable drilling system from Schlumberger and artificial heart devices from Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center. Another first, P&P Remotes' debut included live feeds from Palmer Station in Antarctica and from a subsea remote operating vehicle in the Gulf of Mexico. Presentations ranged from capturing an asteroid, to oil pipeline infection, to transcatheter heart valves. We were pleased to welcome the first STEM student attendees to P&P, the principal and four students from DeBakey High School. Overall attendance soared to 243 on-site participants (+18%) and 329 webcast viewers (+167%) from 19 countries (+36%).
July 29, 2013 - P&P Satellite Conference: NBL, JSC
Ellen Ochoa, director of the Johnson Space Center, at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory.
On July 29, 2013, the first P&P Satellite Conference was hosted by the Johnson Space Center (JSC) at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL), with 234 people attending. Dr. Ellen Ochoa, astronaut and JSC director, was introduced as a new P&P director. Members of the newly formed P&P Advisory Board were also introduced to the audience. Conference highlights included a tour of the NBL astronaut training pool, hands-on displays of advanced NASA technologies, and cross-industry networking.
December 9, 2013 - Pumps & Pipes 7: Explorations
Dr. Mahesh Ramchandani, P&P's first roving reporter, interviews STEAM participants
Participants were immersed in an experience of explorations from inner space to outer space with stops in between. The keynote presentation highlighted the many advances in transcatheter cardiovascular therapeutics. We introduced a new addition: the P&P Roving Reporter. He conducted interviews and visited the many networking stations and exhibits, including NASA's "Driven to Explore" multimedia exhibit with a moon rock and Halliburton's "Nerves of the Oil Field" display. P&P Remotes featured a live feed from the Mayo Clinic Center for Regenerative Medicine, where researchers demonstrated a 3D bioprinter for heart valves, then visited the Sarver Heart Center at University of Arizona to see the latest in implantable stretchy electronics. Presentation of the Dai-Shan Wong Memorial Service Award from the Gulf Coast Medical Device Manufacturers Association was added to the program for the first time. Eight students from two Houston ISD STEM schools attended the conference. Once again, on-site attendance at P&P7 was sold out, and the live webcast audience increased to an estimated 900 viewers (+174%) from 19 States and 25 countries (+32%).
December 8, 2014 - Pumps & Pipes 8: Ideas to Insight
Astronaut Luca Parmitano with the spacesuit that nearly drowned him on a space walk.
The P&P8 audience learned about a new NASA lander mission to study the geology of Mars, watched a live-streamed transcatheter heart valve implantation, and heard about the underground network of intelligent well completion. They saw the R2 Robonaut perform endoscopic surgery, heard about the spacewalk that was cut short by a water leak in the astronaut's helmet, and watched live as that leaky space suit was x-rayed with state-of-art 3D image reconstruction. The P&P Roving Reporter returned with more interviews and exhibits to see on the webcast. Forty STEM students from eight schools attended the conference, including the Lamar High School robotics club, the DiscoBots. The P&P Reception was co-hosted by the Texas Medical Center and featured a presentation on "The Music of Pumps & Pipes" (from pipe organs to heart assist devices). With over 260 registrants attending the sold-sold conference in person and over 2700 webcast participants (+203%) from 29 States (+53%) and 33 countries (+32%), P&P8 was the most successful event to date.
December 7, 2015 - Norway Joins Pumps & Pipes
Norway Pumps & Pipes began as a cooperation between Houston and the city of Stavanger, Norway. In 2015, representatives from Stavanger traveled to Houston for the ninth annual Pumps & Pipes Symposium. The Norway delegation was impressed, and on December 7, 2015, P&P Houston and Norway P&P signed a cooperation agreement, thus creating the first international P&P affiliate. The initiators of Norway P&P are Stavanger University Hospital (SUH), University of Stavanger (UoS), International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS), and Greater Stavanger.
Norway P&P seeks to create a platform for research, education, technology transfer, new business development, and increased value creation, including future-oriented health research and technology to improve patient care and welfare technology. To achieve these goals, Norway P&P cultivates strong links with industry and business, particularly in energy and health care. Since its inception, Norway P&P has funded projects based on the transfer of technology, methods, and competence between petroleum and health industries.
The inaugural Norway Pumps & Pipes conference was held on October 17-18, 2018, at Sola Strand Hotel outside Stavanger, Norway. Similar to the Houston symposia, P&P Norway 2018 is a unique arena for collaboration between professionals that might not otherwise interact. As in Houston, Norway P&P believes that the solution to your problem may well be in "the neighbor's toolkit." Dr. Alan B. Lumsden will give a keynote presentation. Norway P&P is pleased to partner with the Norwegian Oil and Gas Association (Norsk olje og gass) to organize this event.
Together with cooperative and industry partners and P&P Houston, Norway P&P will strive become a dynamic tool to develop new ideas, new solutions, and new products.
December 7, 2015 - Pumps & Pipes 9: Discovery Pathways
Professionals from all three uniquely Houston industries gathered at the Houston Methodist Research Institute for the 9th annual Pumps & Pipes conference. Presenters unveiled a series of landmark achievements—from the first-ever autonomous navigation of a robotic catheter to the announcement of Euro Pumps & Pipes, a collaboration with Norway—and emphasized different ways to bring STEM education into the classroom. The event also featured a live transcatheter aortic valve replacement and a keynote address by John B. Simpson, M.D., Ph.D., who helped catalyze the field of interventional cardiology and a networking session complete with 3D virtual reality imaging. The day concluded with a reception at Treviso Restaurant, co-hosted by the Texas Medical Center. Here TMCx startup companies demonstrated their technology and a special presentation highlighted the Texas Medical Center's vision for the future.
P&P 9 Program
December 5, 2016 - Pumps & Pipes 10: Matching Minds
Student at P&P 10 tries out virtual reality goggles
P&P10 brought us to ExxonMobil's innovative campus in Spring, Texas. This year's theme was "Matching Minds." Prior to the conference, attendees answered a list of questions from "What are you innovating?" to "What is your favorite movie?" Jacobs Technologies took all of the responses, put them in a giant algorithm and spit out table assignments that linked like-minded attendees—like eHarmony for networking. Pumps & Pipes continued to show that participating industries can use each other's tricks of the trade to solve problems on a small scale—from the intricacies of pediatric heart surgery, to unclogging a giant oil pipeline, to keeping tubes clear on the International Space Station. A highlight of the conference was Larry DeLucas, O.D., Ph.D.; he took his interest in protein crystallography out of this world as a payload specialist on the United States Microgravity Laboratory-1 flight, Mission STS-50. James Tour, Ph.D., from Rice University, presented his discovery of a myriad uses for graphene—sheets of bonded carbon atoms. Attendees learned that carbon can be grown on just about any carbon life form, even the leg of a cockroach. Looking forward, Alan Lumsden, M.D., told the audience about upcoming fundraising to launch projects that grow out of P&P collaboration.
December 4, 2017 - Pumps & Pipes 11: Expanding the Ecosystem
Astronaut and cardiovascular physiologist Kjell Lindgren, MD, speaks at P&P11.
P&P11 was held at the Texas Medical Center Innovation Institute on December 4, 2017. Attendees enjoyed a welcome from the International Space Station, a live robotics heart catheterization case streamed from Houston Methodist Hospital, hands-on demonstrations, and exciting presentations about cross-disciplinary P&P projects from medical, energy, and aerospace leaders.
October 17, 2018 - Norway Pumps & Pipes Inaugural Symposium
Participants at the inaugural Norway Pumps & Pipes Symposium.
On October 17-18, 2018, 117 professionals from medicine and energy sectors gathered at the Sola Strand Hotel in Stavanger, Norway, to share knowledge and challenges in cross-industry innovation. Speakers included P&P Cofounder Alan Lumsden, MD; Norwegian Minister of Health and Care Services Bent Høie (pictured above); Assistant Dean of Health Product Innovation at the Dell Medical School in Texas, Ruben Rathnasingham, PhD; and researchers and thought leaders from across Norway's medical and energy industries. Click the link below see conference presentations and read more about P&P Norway's first symposium.
December 3, 2018 - Pumps & Pipes 12: It's About Greatness
Attendees check out the exhibits at P&P 12
In 2018, Pumps & Pipes returned to the Houston Methodist Research Institute in the Texas Medical Center. We welcomed 254 science enthusiasts and innovators from across medical, aerospace, energy, and academic specialties to listen to talks from 28 speakers. Attendees learned how dogs could help sniff out oil spills or mosquito-breeding habitats, saw a live feed from Kennedy Space Center, and learned about an experiment bound for the International Space Station to explore fundamental questions about biofilm formation and microbe-induced corrosion of oil pipelines. Dr. Carol O'Donnell, Director of the Smithsonian Institution's Science Education Center, and Gabriella Rowe, CEO of Station Houston, encouraged attendees to explore new frontiers in education. We took P&P into the operating room, live streaming a heart surgery case from the Houston Methodist operating rooms next door. Between presentations, attendees donned 3D glasses to experience a surgeon's view of a coronary artery bypass and aortic valve replacement operation in the KARL STORZ 3D Heart Theater and took virtual reality trips inside the human brain and to the International Space Station.
April 10, 2019 - P&P-Oracle Collaborative Consortium
Bernie Alen, Oracle, speaks at the Consortium
Experts from the Houston's three main Pumps & Pipes industries—energy, medicine and aerospace—met at the new Oracle Lakeshore campus in Austin, Texas, to discuss each industry's recent challenges related to data management and inspire cross-industry collaborations. The Pumps & Pipes Oracle Collaborative Consortium brought together 45 industry and research leaders and innovators, including 21 speakers. Talks covered a range of STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics) topics, ranging from Pumps & Pipes staples of medicine, energy engineering and aerospace, to big data, artificial intelligence, and high-performance cloud computing.
© 2018. Pumps & Pipes, Houston, TX. All rights reserved.


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Q: Where on Earth is "penguin" from? Fact or fallacy?
It's one of those things you hear or casually read somewhere that sticks with you. The word penguin is derived from Welsh; pen refers to "head", while gywn means "white". Well, it's not as clear cut as that, as I discovered when my English boyfriend objected and said penguins didn't have white heads. He's right, they don't.
Online Etymology Dictionary says

1570s, originally used of the great auk of Newfoundland (now extinct), shift in meaning to the Antarctic bird (which looks something like it, found by Drake in Magellan's Straits in 1578) is from 1580s. Of unknown origin, though often asserted to be from Welsh pen "head" (see pen-) + gwyn "white", but Barnhart says the proposed formation is not proper Welsh. The great auk had a large white patch between its bill and eye.

According to  An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English (1922) By Ernest Weekley

The fact that the penguin has a black head is no serious objection,
  as bird names are of very uncertain application (cf. albatross,
  grouse, pelican, bustard). F. pingouin, earlier (1600) penguyn, if not from E., may be Breton pen gouin, white head.

The earlier Etymological Dictionary, dated 1888 and  written by  Walter W. Skeat asserts

*Another story (in Littré) is that some Dutchmen, in 1598, gave the name to some birds seen by them in the straits of Magellan, intending an allusion to Lat. pinguis, fat. But this will not account for the suffix -in, and is therefore wrong; . . .

Latin trail
pinguis adjective

From Proto-Indo-European poid- ("to abound in water, milk, or fat"), from Proto-Indo-European poi- ("sap, juice")
pinguis m, f (neuter pingue); third declension
  1. fat, plump
  2. thick, dense
  3. (of taste) dull, insipid, not pungent
  4. (of wine) oily, rich, full-bodied
  5. (of land) fertile, rich

Other Languages
In Welsh it is called pengwin
In English, and Hmong it's penguin
In Albanian and German it is  pinguin
In Basque, and Italian  it is pinguino
In Bosnian, Croatian, Danish, Hungarian, Norwegian,
Slovenian and Swedish it is pingvin
In Catalan it is pingüí
In Spanish it is pingüino
In Dutch it is pinguïn
In Estonian it's pingviin
In Finnish it's pingviini
In French it's pingouin
In Irish it's piongain
In Polish and Maltese it's pingwin
In Portuguese it's pinguim
In Turkish it's penguen

*

*Did all these languages borrow the term from English (Welsh)?

*Was Walter W. Skeat correct in dismissing the Latin term pinguis?

*Couldn't the term be a composite of pinna + wing (pinna is also Italian for fin and penguins are exceptional swimmers!)

A: Auk (aka penguin?)
The great auk was a large white-bellied bird with small wings which eventually became extinct between 1844 and 1852. It was found along the coasts of Canada, the northeastern United States, Norway, Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Ireland, Great Britain, France, and northern Spain.  Experts believe that the great auk never had more than 20 breeding colonies because these flightless birds required rocky islands with sloping shorelines that provided easy access to the seashore.
Thus the great auk (also called the penguin of the north since 16th century) was not a widespread species but it was well-known to Europeans. A large, fat, black seabird with a visible white belly it had small wings, which were useless for flying but ideal for swimming and diving under water.
The following Wikipedia entry describes the bird's remarkable swimming ability

The great auk was generally an excellent swimmer, using its wings to
  propel itself underwater. [. . .] This species was capable of banking,
  veering, and turning underwater. The great auk was known to dive
  to depths of 76 metres (249 ft) and it has been claimed that the
  species was able to dive to depths of 1 kilometre (3,300 ft).

In 1785 a volume dedicated to  North Atlantic birds was published called Arctic Zoology, written by Thomas Pennant (1726-1798) a Welsh naturalist, traveller, and esteemed zoologist. Throughout his life he maintained a regular correspondence with Carl Linnaeus "the father of modern taxonomy", and several other renowned naturalists. Never once is the term penguin mentioned in the Welsh writer's book. Instead Pennant referred to the Pigmy, and Tufted Auk; Crested and Dusky auk; Great Auk; Black-Billed Auk; Puffin Auk; Labrador, Little, and 'Antient Auks'.
Great Auk

Black-billed Auk

Dusky Auk

*

*Why is there no mention of the auk species also being called penguins?

*Why no mention of white cliffs, or rocks in the birds' habitats?

*Why on Earth would a Welshman not use the term penguin?

Penguin might be an Italian loanword
In Italian, the adjective pingue is used to describe a person, a part of the human body or an animal that is covered with an abundant layer of adipose tissue, that is to say someone or something extremely fat.

un ventre pingue (a fat belly)
sta diventando pingue come un maiale (you're getting fat as a pig)

However, the Italian term pingue can be used to describe any animal that is raised either to be eaten or sacrificed, in these cases pingue has positive connotations. The animal is plump, glowing with health, and ready to be eaten or sacrificed.

un pingue vitello (calf); i p. agnelli (lambs); il p. gregge (sheep/goat herd); un cibo p. (food); un p. pasto (a hearty or fattening meal)

It is said that when Europeans discovered penguins in the southern hemisphere they were struck by their resemblance to auks, but instead of calling the new species "small-winged" or "clumsy-walking", they named the flightless seabird penguin, the same term which many people used for auks.
Meanwhile, the term pinion has existed in the English language since the 15th century

pinion n.:
  1. (mostly poetic) The wing of a bird.
  2.(Zoology) the part of a bird's wing including the flight feathers
[Middle English, from Old French pignon "wing-feather, wing, pinion" (c.1400), from Vulgar Latin *pinniō, pinniōn-, from Latin penna, augmentative of Latin pinna "wing", feather; see pinna.]

English Poets
Shakespeare used the word in The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet

Therefore do nimble-pinion'd doves draw Love,
  And therefore hath the wind-swift Cupid wings.

John Milton spelled the term pennons in Paradise Lost

A vast vacuity: All unawares
  Flutt'ring his pennons vain plumb down he drops
  Ten thousand fathom deep, and to this hour
  Down had been falling, had not by ill chance,
  [. . .]

In the Encyclopaedia perthensis, or, Universal dictionary of the Arts, Sciences and Literature (1816), we see penguin was also written pinguin, which suggests it was a common spelling variant.

The wings of the pinguin are scarcely any thing else than mere fins,
  while the awk has real wings and gills, though they be but small.

Couldn't the terms pinguin and penguin be derived from pinion, pinna or pennon; words which were firmly established in the English vernacular by the 16th century?
The Portuguese, Spanish and Canadian connection
Lastly, the Canadian author, and naturalist, Farley Mowat, ignores any ties to the Welsh theory. In his 1984 book Sea of Slaughter he writes about the great auk [emphasis mine].

The ancient Norse called it geiifugel—spearbill, [. . . ] Spanish and Portuguese
  voyagers called it pinguin—the fat one—a reference to the thick layer
  of blubber that encased it. By the beginning of the sixteenth century
  most deep-water men of whatever nation had adopted some version of
  this later name, as pennegouin in French, and pingwen in English.
  Indeed, it was the first, and true, penguin. But before the nineteenth
  century ended, all of its original names had been stripped from it and
  passed out of time carrying a tag attached to dusty museum specimens
  by modern science . . . great auk. I shall refer to it by the names bestowed on it by those who knew it in life.

A: I looked around a bit for a Dutch connection, and found some things.
On http://www.surfspin.nl/zee-ezel1012.html I found this interesting text from 1595 describing penguins in a completely different location than New Zealand and thereabouts, showing that by that time Dutch seamen seemed familiar with the name as applied to what they also called "fat goose" (vetgans).

In dese Bay leyt een cleijn Eylandt, daer is menichte van ghevogelt, Pincuius genaemt, [..] die canmen metter handt vanghen.
  Wy vonden oock inde baeye een cleyn eylandeken alwaer by duijsenden zee woluen op waeren ende groote water vogelen die genaemt werden Pinguijns weesende zeer vreemdt van maecksel want en conden niet vlieghen ende hadden corte vluegelen sonder pennen ende veeren (…).
In this bay is a small island, where there is a multitude of birds, named Pincuius, one can catch these by hand.
  We also found in that bay a small island where there were sea-lions by the thousands as well as big aquatic birds that are called Pinguijns, being very strangely created for they could not fly and had short wings without feathers.

The island is the (now infamous) Robben Island, and the birds are Blackfoot Penguins. The site mentions as an explanation for the name of the bird the Welsh Great Auk connection, but without much conviction. It does mention Pinguinus impennis as the Latin name for the Auk.
The Dutch etymology site etymologiebank has some other sources:
M. Philippa e.a. (2003-2009) Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands:

Dese voghels ... worden Pinguins ghenoemt van weghen hare vettigheydt [1600]
These birds ... are called Pinguins because of their "fatness".

So in 1600, this author assumes a connection to "fatness" (the Dutch name for the birds was "fat goose"), which seems to imply that he assumed the name came from Latin (pinguis).
However, the same entry ignores this author and continues explaining the word came from English, through the Great Auk connection.
J. de Vries (1971), Nederlands Etymologisch Woordenboek:

pinguin znw. m. internationaal woord voor deze vogelsoort. Daar zij vroeger vetganzen genoemd werden, is een geleerde afl. van lat. pinguis 'vet' aannemelijk.
pinguin noun (m) International word for this bird. Since they used to be called fat goose, a learned derivation from Latin pinguis (fat) is plausible.

The fat connection is denied, however, in this blog by Anatoly Liberman:

In 1598 the derivation of penguin from Latin pinguis "fat" was proposed, but this is folk etymology, and no one today seems to take it seriously (yet I saw references to it as late as 1938), though it led to the coining of Flemish vetgans and German Fettgans "penguin," literally "fat goose."  (Magellan also called those birds geese.)

So it seems the Dutch references had it backwards, the word vetgans was based on the supposed Latin connection, not the other way around. Oh, and I have a 1971 reference to best Lieberman's 1938...
In conclusion, Lieberman discards the Latin connection altogether, and he references Lockwood to undermine the Welsh connection (the natural Welsh word would have been penwynn). Lockwood writes:

Although the inhabitants of islands off the north of Scotland were familiar with the flightless auk, seamen venturing to the New World can have had no clear notion of such a bird.  Consequently, when they came upon it in Newfoundland they used a new name penguin.  A few decades later, these same men were sailing through the Straight of Magellan where they discovered other flightless birds and promptly named them penguins, too.  This we find the only consistent interpretation of the literary evidence as set out in the OED and which also corresponds to the general historical picture.

It seems that the modern penguin was most likely named for its resemblance to the Great Auk, but the question remains why the Great Auk was named penguin.

A: I have a few notes on what may have been the 16th-, 17th-, and 18th-century understanding of penguin. Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language (1756) has the following entry:

PENGUIN. s. {anser magellanicus, Latin} 1. A bird, though he be no higher than a large goose, yet he weighs sometimes sixteen pounds. Grew. 2. A fruit very common in the West Indies, of a sharp acid flavour. Miller.

Though Johnson's Dictionary has no entry for auk, it does one for the word pinguid:

PINGUID. a. {pinguis, Latin} Fat ; unctuous. Mortimer.

Anser magellanicus ("Magellan goose") is a species name by which the great auk was sometimes known at that time, as this excerpt from John Hill, An History of Animals (1752) indicates:

The Penguin
This is a very large and singular bird ; it is equal to the common goose in size, but in all respects resembles the species of Alca already described, except in the specific distinctions : the head is large, and flatted on the crown ; the beak is of a kind of triangular figure, compressed at the sides, and a little hooked just at the extremity ; it is between three and four inches in height, and has eight of the furrows which distinguish the birds of this genus on it, ...
The head is black, only that there runs a white line on each side, from the beak to the eyes: the beak and wings, and indeed the whole upper part of the body are black, and the breast and belly, or whole under part are white : the wings are very short, and the tail also is short : the feet stand very backward : the legs are short and black, and the toes connected by a membrane.
This is a native of most of the northern parts of Europe, and has been described by all the writers on birds. Willughby calls it Penguin nautis nostratibus dicta quae Grofugel Hoieri esse videtur ; Bartholine calls it Avis Garfahl ; Clusius, Anser Magellanicus ; Wormius, Anser Magellanicus Penguin ; and Ray, simply, Penguin. It feeds on sea-fish, and on many of the insects and small animals that frequent the shores.

This might seem to establish that in the mid-1700s the name penguin referred only to the great auk. But later ornithologists point out that there was considerable confusion in earlier times about not only the common name penguin but also the species name Anser magellanicus. As W. H. Mullens, "Notes on the Great Auk," in British Birds, volume 15 (1922) observes,

The first so-called "scientific" reference to the Great Auk as distinguished from those contained in early voyages and travels is that made by Clusius [in 1605]. On page 101 of his above-mentioned work, under the heading "Anser Magellanicus," Clusius gives the figure (here reproduced) and description of the South American Penguin. ...
So much for the South American Penguin; it has been necessary to give the passage at length since we shall see other authors following Clusius have described the Great Auk under this title, i.e., Anser Magellanicus.

Clearly, the identification process didn't get off to a good start. Symington Grieve, The Great Auk or Garefowl (1885), devotes a full chapter to "Some Names by Which the Great Auk Has Been Known." The Internet Archive has posted a plain-text version (with some OCR mistakes) of the complete text of Grieve's book. Here is part of Grieve's section on the name penguin:

Penguin.—A name by which it [the great auk] was known in almost all the countries it inhabited during the last century was "The Penguin," or "le Grand Pingoin;" and there can be little doubt that this name, which appears to be of Welsh origin, and which is now given to a class of birds inhabiting the Southern Hemisphere, was originally given to the Great Auk, ... This confusion of the names led to no end of trouble among ornithologists, very few of whom fifty or sixty years ago really knew what were the points of difference between the species, and some were to be found ready to deny that such a bird as the Great Auk ever existed, ...

Grieve then quotes from volume 3 of Hakluyt's Voyages, George Peckham, "A true Report of the late discoueries and possession taken in the right of the Crowne of England of the Newfound Lands [in 1583], By that valiant and worthy Gentleman, Sir Humfrey Gilbert, Knight," chapter 3:

And it is very evident that the planting there shall in time right amply enlarge her Maiesties Territories and Dominions or (I might rather say), restore her to her Highnesse ancient right and interest in those Countries, into the which a noble and worthy personage, lineally descended from the blood royall borne in Wales, named Madock ap Owen Gwyneth, departing from the coast of England, about the yeere of our Lord God 1170, arrived and there planted himself and his colonies and afterward returned himself into England, leaving certaine of his people there, as appeareth in an ancient Welsh Chronicle, where he then gave to certaine islands, beastes and foules, sundry Welsh names, as the Island of Pengwin, which yet to this day beareth the same. There is likewise a foule in the saide countreys called by the same name at this day, and is as much to say in English, as white heads, and in truth the saide foules have white heads. There is also in those countries a fruit called Gwynethes, which is likewise a Welsh word.

Grieve next considers a mention of of "Penguin" in another account that appears in Hakluyt's Voyages—The Voyage of M. [Robert] Hore in 1536. That account includes this mention of "penguins":

From the time of their setting out from Gravesend [in April 1536], they were very long at sea, to witte, above two moneths, and never touched any land untill they came to part of the West Indies about Cape Briton [in what is now Newfoundland], shaping their course thence Northeastwardes, untill they came to the Island of Penguin, which is very full of rockes and stones, whereon they went and found it full of great foules white and gray, as big as geese, and they saw infinite numbers of their egges.

Robert Gray, "On Two Unrecorded Eggs of the Great Auk (Alca impennis) discovered in an Edinburgh Collection ; with remarks on the former existence of the bird in Newfoundland" (1887) notes the following comments by John Forster, in History of the Voyages and Discoveries Made in the North (1786) regarding Hore's voyage:

"A person of the name of Hore, says Forster, set sail in 1536 from London with two ships—the 'Trinity' and the 'Minion'—about the latter end of April. They arrived at Cape Briton, and from thence went to the north-eastward till they came to Penguin Island, an island situated on the southern coast of Newfoundland, and which was named after a kind of sea-fowl which the Spaniards and Portuguese called Penguins on account of their being so very fat, and which used to build their nests and to live in astonishing quantities on this little rock."

Grieve very briefly dismisses Forster's etymological analysis, which (Grieve says) is echoed by "Caroli's Chisius":

This derivation is one of the old-fashioned kind, and its absurdity does not need to be pointed out.

Finally, turning his attention to the species name Anser magellanicus, Grieve has this:

Anser Magellanicus, seu Pinguini.—Anser Magellanicus, seu Pinguini was the name used by Olaus Wormius in 1655 for the Great Auk; but he must have had a confused idea about the bird, for though he figures the Great Auk from one got from the Faröe Islands, and which he kept alive for several months ... yet he describes it as the Anser Magellanicus, seu Pinguini of Clusius, while that author describes the true Great Auk as the Mergus Americanus, and the penguin of the Southern Ocean as the Anser Magellanicus.

For almost 350 years, European ornithologists exhibited considerable confusion about precisely what bird or birds the word penguin referred to; but it looks as though etymologists may beat that record of confusion when it comes to identifying the origin and meaning of the word.

A: These birds did not breed around Wales, but there is evidence that they travelled South in the non breeding season. The plumage of auks changes when out of breeding and that of the Great Auk did as well. I have only seen one painting of such a bird and most of the black plumage had disappeared to be replaced by much more white. Now this is probably from a single individual. was this in complete non breeding plumage or in transition. Did they completely loose the black in their heads? The birds around the Welsh coastline would have been the non breeders with much more white in their heads than the white spotted auks so frequently shown.  ps The reason they are all in breeding plumage is because those were the ones that could be caught and stuffed!

A: There are three suggested origins of penguin: Welsh pen gywn 'white head'; a derivative of Latin pinguis 'fat'; and English pin wing.
There is no evidence for the last one but there are explanations for Welsh and Latin origins. It seems like the Welsh origin is the most favored one. There is a very detailed explanation in the book The Celtic Languages in Contact
edited by Hildegard L. C. Tristram with references to OED (starting from page 254).
The suggested Latin origin pinguis is well-founded but circumstantial. It is mentioned that in English, the word goes back to the 1570s, and a form pinguin is attested by 1635. Also, in several languages the word has an -i- in the first syllable today; but the earliest attested forms in English and other languages have an -e- in their first syllable.
The Welsh theory is well-supported by the fact that pen gywn closely matches the earliest forms of the word and the earliest example listed in OED states that the name to be given by Welsh sailors:

1577     F. Fletcher Log of 'Golden Hind' 24 Aug. in N. M. Penzer World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake (1971) 128     Infinite were the Numbers of the foule, wch the Welsh men name Pengwin & Maglanus tearmed them Geese.

It is mentioned in The Celtic Languages in Contact that rocks and headlands housing large colonies of birds are often so thickly covered in bird droppings that they appear white.

[Penguin (and probably auk) guano is white in color (if their diet consists of fish mainly) and they squirt their guano away from their nest and themselves in a stream that goes up to 2 ft]
Thus, it is possible that such a rock in a newly discovered region could be called 'white headland', or by Welsh sailors, pen gwyn. Here is a relevant excerpt from the same book for the possible ultimate Welsh origin:

It seems significant that the earliest evidence also consistently refers to a place called Penguin Island, which is described as the home of a sizable colony of the birds:

New found land is in a temperate Climate ... There are ... many other kind of birdes store, too long to write, especially at one Island named Penguin, where wee may driue them on a planke into our ship as many as shall lade her. These birdes are also called Penguins, and cannot flie (Parkhurst 1578: 676).

This name is also connected with the Welsh language at an early date. The following passage comes from an account of a mythical medieval voyage, but it refers to the world as it was known to the 16th-century authors:

But the Iland of Corroeso, the cape of Bryton, the riuer of Gwyndor, and the white rocke of Pengwyn, which be all Brytish or Welsh words, doo manifestlie shew that it was that countrie which Madoc and his people inhabited (Lhoyd and Powel 1584: 229).

The frequent references to Penguin Island, some of which antedate use of the word as a noun denoting the bird suggest that the bird may have been named after the location, rather than vice versa. Pen is a common place-name element in Wales, as well as in areas with related languages, such as Cornwall and Brittany. It is the same word for a head, but used in an extended sense 'headland'.

The Welsh origin is also a possible reference to the large white patches behind the great auk's eyes. In the end, whatever the origin is, it is certain that "penguin" was once applied to the great auk by sailors and others. Then, sailors started to venture southern seas and they saw birds that resemble the ones they are familiar with in the northern waters; so they called them penguins too. Eventually, great auk became extinct and the name "penguin" started becoming the exclusive name of southern birds.

A 19th century illustration of a great auk, captioned with the name "penguin". At the time this picture was made, there was some overlap in the use of the name.

The Great Auk: The Extinction of the Original Penguin By Errol Fuller

Language notes:
Some languages like Spanish, Portuguese and Turkish (and probably some other European languages) borrowed the word from French and the French etymology mentions the Welsh origin as well.
Interestingly, the French word pingouin maintains the original sense and means auk in English. In French, manchot is used for the bird called penguin in English.
From the 18th century, German language used the word Fettgans 'fatty goose' for penguin which might be related to the Latin origin pinguis 'fat'.

A: Now the Latin derivation. It was fishermen and sailors that came in contact with this bird. They would not have been speaking latin ( although some may have been educated in it) so why would they have used a Latin word. The Celts  were  sailors, were they Welsh or were they Breton it was the same language. A Welshman still understands Breton today, may by not perfectly but we can speak and be understood by the Bretons.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The main motivation behind this work is to provide a kNN-based approach for annotating entities, be it textual documents, songs or movies. While other methods often combine machine learning and feature analysis of a given document (e.g. textual features), USI's approach is completely independent of the document content. The only requirement in order to guarantee an accurate annotation is to provide an accurate already annotated neighborhood. The search of a good neighborhood is an independent task, related to information retrieval, for which an extensive list of tools already exist.
Thanks to the rise of thesauri, ontologies and knowledge representations in general, there are more and more data that can be annotated by concepts. The semantic indexing process has been initiated in the biomedicine field but much more content can now benefit from conceptual indexing thanks to DBPedia or Freebase. USI aims to do so, whatever is the content, whatever is the thesaurus.
This entry was posted in Softwares on 24/06/2014 by kidlgi2p.


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ValuD: Can you perform condition-based maintenance with TRIRIGA?
Applying condition-based maintenance with IBM TRIRIGA helps to assess a facility's or an asset's performance, capture its lifecycle costs, and to identify necessary repairs and replacements. An integrated set of performance metrics of a facility's condition is needed to predict when to repurpose, or renovate structures.
Building operations and maintenance managers are primarily responsible for assessing the condition of building components like roofs, air conditioning, walls, electrical, and communications. Forecasting facility conditions and predicting repairs before failure occurs, results in cost reduction. IBM TRIRIGA automates demand and preventive maintenance services to reduce the cost of maintenance operations.
TRIRIGA's facilities and operations manager is an intense CMMS that enables organizations to manage their building assets and facilities over their lifecycle in order to reduce maintenance expenses. It provides condition-based facility assessments that help you to prioritize the areas for capital improvement and assists you in extending the life of your facilities and facility assets.
The past few years have seen a surge of products and options that facility managers can use to examine, analyze, predict, and improve building performance and reduce energy costs. But connecting the dots in an increasingly complex web — the Building Internet of Things — often takes serious consideration, practical attention to budgets, and resolute effort.
Who are some CAFM, CMMS, EAM, & IWMS competitors of IBM TRIRIGA?
As a member of the IBM TRIRIGA software development team, it's easy to get so occupied and busy within the isolated "bubble" of TRIRIGA, its partners, and its customers, that there's no time or energy to wonder about our competitors outside the TRIRIGA community. Luckily, I recently found a few moments to perform a few Google searches for "TRIRIGA competitors" to see what's out there for myself.
Here's what I found. This might be ordinary to sales and marketing folks, but for developers like me, I found it enlightening. Not only 9 direct competitors with an Integrated Workplace Management System (IWMS), but also 13 other competitors offering Computer Aided Facilities Management (CAFM), Computerized Maintenance Management Software (CMMS), Enterprise Asset Management (EAM), Software as a Service (SaaS), and other solutions. There are probably more. But for now, enjoy!
Organizations with hundreds or thousands of assets need a way to manage them all in one place. What's more, they typically want to schedule maintenance, track capital projects and reduce energy use without having to install multiple software systems. That's where an integrated workplace management system (IWMS) comes in. But what is IWMS software, anyway?
1. Real Estate and Lease Management: Used to manage the real estate assets of a corporation, from acquisition to disposal. This includes lease accounting, planning, request for proposal (RFP) management and tax management.
2. Facilities and Space Management: Just like facilities software, this application helps optimize the use of facility space. Users can manage physical spaces within buildings, manage employees and book and schedule rooms. It can also integrate with CAD files and building information modeling software.
3. Maintenance Management: Similar to a stand-alone maintenance management system (CMMS), this application is used to schedule preventive maintenance tasks, create work orders, establish predictive maintenance processes, manage spare parts inventory and manage equipment and machinery with asset profiles.
4. Environmental Sustainability: Allows users to measure energy usage, track energy-related costs and identify areas of energy waste. This application can often integrate with building management or building automation systems allow users to centrally control various systems throughout a facility, such as air conditioning, lighting or ventilation. to establish benchmarks and analyze energy use.
5. Capital Project Management: This application helps with the planning and execution of new building projects or remodels (e.g., new construction or an expansion in an existing office building). It includes functionality for planning, bidding, document management and financial accounting.
Many breakdowns can occur in updating facilities and equipment data. If work orders are not entered in a timely fashion then the data is almost obsolete and lacks the ability to be used to successfully forecast future expenditures. Many schools have addressed this by implementing a computerized maintenance management system solution, or CMMS, that can integrate day-to-day operations with capital forecasting and planning. And while good capital forecasting software provides valuable insight and support, it requires adherence to essential best practices.


text:
PowerX Optimizer
Investing in the stock market is largely a guessing game. Sure, there are plenty of research tools out there in order to make better-informed decisions. However, nobody truly knows if a stock is going to go up or down on a given day.
What if I told you though, that there was a way that you could take at least some of that guesswork out of trading stocks? With PowerX Optizimizer and the services that they provide, that's exactly what you can do.
Keep reading to learn more about PowerX Optimizer and how it can help you be more successful in the stock market.
What Is PowerX Optimizer?
PowerX Optimizer is a web-based system that scans over 12,000 stocks and ETFs in order to help take some of the guessing work out of investing in the market.
The program itself is a product of Rockwell Trading, a company founded by Markus Heitkoetter who, in a previous life, worked for IBM. Markus teamed up with Mark Hodge who acts as the company's head training coach.
While PowerX Optimizer is the cornerstone of the Rockwell Trading name, the company has also produced best-selling books as well as coaching classes.
How Does PowerX Optimizer Work?
Every day when the markets close, PowerX takes the data from that day's trading and runs approximately 4.8 million calculations. The results that those calculations yield are then stored in the PowerX Optimizer database. Clients can then access this data the next day.
Even during the day when the market is open, PowerX Optimizer is constantly scanning thousands of stocks at 2-minute intervals. It does this to provide its users with the most up-to-date and real-time data possible.
With all these scans and calculations constantly being run, the algorithms that are built into the software start to identify patterns in the market that help paint a clearer picture of how the stock will perform.
From there, a list is generated with the best stocks to trade that fit specific criteria.
What Features and Benefits Does PowerX Optimizer Provide?
The main selling point is the data it provided by constantly running scans and calculations on over 10,000 stocks and ETFs.
You can even filter these results based on specific criteria, including:
Buying power
Days to expiration
Let's take a look at some of the other features and benefits that PowerX Optimizer has to offer.
Charting Tools
Charting tools are incredibly valuable to those investing in the market. Charts are regularly updated every time new data comes in. This means that the charts you are reading are the most up-to-date possible.
When you click on a stock, you will see the corresponding chart showing all the pertinent info you need. This includesthe lowest closing price and the strike price.
Works Pretty Much Anywhere
Since PowerX Optimizer is entirely web-based, it works pretty much anywhere that you can access the internet. In today's world, that means pretty much anywhere.
PowerX Optimizer works on the following platforms:
Handheld devices (smartphones and tablets)
For those who are new to the market, PowerX Optimizer provides a variety of educational resources such as video training and tutorials, user guides, ebooks, and eCourses. There's even a weekly Zoom session every Monday designed to answer all your questions about investing in general.
How Much Does PowerX Optimizer Cost?
One of the only "downsides" of PowerX Optimizer is that it is not cheap. In fact, full access to the service will run you $2,997.
On the plus side though, that price is a one-time-only fee, meaning once you pay it, you have access to the software for as long as you want it. They also offer a 30-day money-back guarantee.
Who is PowerX Optimizer Meant For?
PowerX Optimizer is designed for anyone that is looking to trade stocks or ETFs. That being said, those who already have experience in the market will get the most out of PowerX Optimizer as they look to take investing to the next level.
Is PowerX Optimizer Legit?
While there is always a risk when investing in the stock market. However, you can feel at ease knowing that the platform is backed by an A+ rating by the Better Business Bureau. As we mentioned earlier as well, they offer a 30-day money-back guarantee. This means there is no risk to you giving them a try.
Are You Interested in Giving PowerX Optimizer A Try?
While there is no such thing as a sure thing when it comes to investing, PowerX Optimizer does help you remove a lot of the guesswork with their computer software and algorithms.
For more information, or to sign up and get started today, visit their website but clicking here.
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J Cancer Metastasis Treat 2019;5:29.10.20517/2394-4722.2018.88© The Author(s) 2019.
1Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy.
2Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy.
3San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, Rome 00166, Italy.
4Assing S.p.a, Via Edoardo Amaldi 14, Monterotondo 00015, Italy.
5Diagnostica Medica' & "Villa dei Platani", Neuromed Group, Avellino 83100, Italy.
Aim: To correlate the microcalcifications' characteristics, such as morphology and elemental compositions, with the occurrence of bone metastatic lesions at 5 years from diagnosis.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 70 patients from which we collected one breast biopsy each. From each biopsy, paraffin serial sections were obtained to perform histological classifications, immunohistochemical analyses and Energy Dispersive X-ray evaluation.
Results: Microcalcifications analysis showed a significant association between the presence of calcium crystals made of magnesium substituted hydroxyapatite and the development of bone metastasis from 5 years from diagnosis. No significant association was observed by evaluation the morphological appearance of microcalcifications. Immunohistochemical analysis displayed a significant association between the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and pentraxin-3, two osteoblast induction factors, and the formation of bone metastatic lesions.
Conclusion: Results here reported highlighted the possible use of breast microcalcifications as a negative prognostic marker of bone metastatic diseases. In particular, the association between elemental composition of breast microcalcifications and the formation of bone lesions can lay the foundation for the development of new in vivo diagnostic tools based on the analysis of microcalcifications and capable to predict the formation of bone metastasis.
Bone metastasis from breast cancer represent the main disability associated to breast cancer[1,2]. Indeed, the occurrence of bone metastatic lesions affected the patients' quality of life by inducing pain, hypercalcemia, bone fracture and spinal compression. Also, the progression of metastatic lesions is often the cause of the patient's death.
In this context, the early identification of breast cancer lesions with high propensity to form bone metastasis could improve the patient's survival allowing to clinicians to choose the more appropriate therapeutical protocol.
In the last years, several studies investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the breast cancer osteotropism[3-6]. In particular, our group described, for the first time, a new breast cancer cell type showing an osteoblast-like phenotype, the breast osteoblast-like cells (BOLCs). As the real osteoblasts, it is demonstrated that these cells are capable to product calcium crystals made of hydroxyapatite (HA) of magnesium substituted hydroxyapatite (MgHAp) in a process similar to the physiological mineralization. Several molecules have been associated to the process of the formation of microcalcifications in breast cancer. Among them, deserve particular mention the bone morphogenetic proteins 2 (BMP-2) and pentraxin-3 (PTX3). BMP-2 is currently considered the most powerful osteoblast induction factor, whereas it is recently demonstrated the ability of PTX3 to induce both osteoblast proliferation and activity[9,10]. In particular, studies of Scimeca et al. highlighted the essential role of PTX3 in bone metabolisms founding a correlation between the impairment of PTX3 expression and the inhibition of osteoblast activity. In these reports authors suggested a direct role of PTX3 in the assembly of HA crystals. Surprisingly, the presence of BOLCs into breast cancer lesions is also associated to the development of bone metastatic lesions at five years from diagnosis. Therefore, the presence of microcalcifications made of HA or MgHAp in breast lesions could be considered as a negative prognostic factor for bone metastatic diseases as well as the BOLCs.
Starting from these considerations, the aim of this study was to correlate the microcalcifications' characteristics, such as morphology and elemental compositions, with the occurrence of bone metastatic lesions at 5 years from diagnosis.
In this retrospective study, we enrolled 70 patients from which we collected one breast biopsy each. Our study protocol was approved by independent ethical committee. From each biopsy, paraffin serial sections were obtained to perform histological classifications, immunohistochemical analyses and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) evaluation. Exclusion criteria were history of previously or concomitant other neoplastic diseases, autoimmune diseases, viral chronic infections (HBV, HCV, and HIV), and any antitumoral treatment received before biopsy.
After fixation in 10% buffered formalin for 24 h, breast tissues were paraffin embedded. Four μm thick sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H&E).
The EDX microanalysis is a technology that performs the elemental and chemical analysis of a sample in a transmission electron microscope. When the electron beam in an electron microscope hits a thin sample, some atoms of the sample will be excited or ionized. When they return into their ground state, they will emit characteristic X-rays. The X-ray emission at different wavelengths may then be measured by a photon-energy-sensitive detector[12,13].
The EDX detector system performs a simultaneous display of all mid-energy (1-20 keV) X-rays collected during any individual analysis period. Therefore, it is possible to detect those elements with N.A. > 10. The minimal detectable elemental concentration, which requires some signal averaging, is approximately 0.1 mmol/kg of dry specimen (i.e., 10 ppm), whereas spatial resolution ranges from about 10 nm to a few micrometers[12,13].
All breast samples underwent ultrastructural microanalysis. Following to the identification of microcalcifications, six-micrometer-thick paraffin sections were embedded in Epon resin as previously described. Briefly, sections were de-paraffinized, hydrated, osmium tetroxide-fixed, dehydrated in ethanol and propylene oxide and infiltrated in Epon. The embedding capsules were positioned over areas containing microcalcifications identified by Toluidine Blue staining previously. Unstained ultra-thin sections of approximately 100-nm-thick were mounted on copper grids for microanalysis. EDX spectra of microcalcifications were acquired with a Hitachi 7100FA transmission electron microscope (Hitachi, Schaumburg, IL, USA) and an EDX detector (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at an acceleration voltage of 75 KeV and magnification of 12,000. Spectra were semi-quantitatively analyzed by the Noram System Six software (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) using the standardless Cliff-Lorimer k-factor method[12,13]. The EDX microanalysis apparatus was calibrated using an X-ray microanalysis standard (Micro-Analysis Consultants Ltd., Cambridgeshire, UK).
We employed immunohistochemical techniques to study the expression of molecules associated to microcalcifications production, PTX3 and BMP-2. Briefly, antigen retrieval was performed on 3-μm-thick paraffin sections using EDTA citrate pH 7.8 buffers for 30 min at 95 °C. Sections were then incubated for 1 h at room temperature with the following primary antibodies diluted 1:100: BMP-2 (clone N/A; Novus Biologicals, USA) and PTX3 (clone MNB1; Abcam, UK). Reactions were revealed by HRP-DAB Detection Kit (UCS Diagnostic, Italy). To assess the background of immuno-staining we included a negative control for each reaction by incubating the sections with secondary antibodies (HRP) and detection system (DAB). Reactions have been set-up by using specific control tissues as indicated in the data sheets.
Separate χ2 tests were used to assess the associations between morphological appearance and experimental groups and between elemental composition and experimental groups. Difference between the expression of biomarkers evaluated by immunohistochemistry were evaluated by Mann Whitney test. Immunohistochemical values were reported as mean value ± standard error.
The study of H&E sections allowed us to classify breast biopsies in ductal infiltrating carcinomas according to Nottingham Histological system. Specifically, we observed 15/70 G1 infiltrating carcinomas, 38/70 G2 infiltrating carcinomas and 17/70 G3 infiltrating carcinomas. Also, based on the presence of metastatic lesions at 5 years from diagnosis, biopsies collected in the study were classified as follow: 30 infiltrating carcinomas of patients with clinical evidence of bone metastasis (BM+) (59.65 ± 1.23 years) and 40 infiltrating carcinomas of patients without clinical evidence of bone metastasis (BM-) (57.91 ± 0.96 years). Microcalcifications were detectable in 63.3% of BM+ and in 62.5% of BM-. From morphological point of view, we observed 63.3% of psammomabodies and 36.7% of polymorphous calcifications in BM+ and 62.5% of psammomabodies and 37.5% of polymorphous calcifications in BM- [Figure 1A-C].
Analysis of the elemental composition of microcalcifications revealed the presence of two form of calcium crystals in our samples: HA, and MgHAp [Figure 1D]. Statistical analysis shows a significant distribution of these types of calcifications in BM+ and BM- [Figure 1D]. In particular, calcifications of BM+ group were 70% MgHAp and 30% HA, whereas in BM- group we noted 37.5% of MgHAp and 62.5% of HA [Figure 1D].
We employed immunohistochemical techniques to study the expression of two osteoblast induction factors, BMP-2 and PTX3. Immunohistochemical positivity was evaluated on digital images (Iscan Coreo, Ventana, Tucson, AZ, USA) by a semi-quantitative approach. Specifically, immunoreactions for BMP-2 and PTX3 were evaluated by counting the number of positive breast infiltrating cells (out of a total of 500 in randomly selected regions). Our results showed a significant increase of BMP-2 expression in BM+ breast lesions as compared to BM- group (BM+ 205.6 ± 17.57; BM- 131.8 ± 14.17; P = 0.030) [Figure 2A and B]. In agreement with this, we also observed a significant increase of PTX3 expression in patients of BM+ group as compared to those of BM- (BM+ 209.0 ± 19.32; BM- 135.6 ± 13.10; P = 0.0024) [Figure 2C and D].
In the last years, numerous studies highlighted the role of breast microcalcifications in the patho-physiogenesis of both breast cancer occurrence and progression[3-6,15,16]. In particular, we recently demonstrated the presence of breast cancer cells with an osteoblast phenotype (breast osteoblast-like cells-BOLCs) able to product microcalcifications made of HA or MgHAp. Noteworthy, the breast cancer lesions characterized by the presence of BOLCs showed high propensity to form bone metastasis. Thus, the presence of microcalcifications in breast lesions could represent a negative prognostic marker for metastatic diseases. Starting from these considerations, the aim of this study was to correlate the microcalcifications' characteristics, such as morphology and elemental compositions, with the occurrence of bone metastatic lesions at 5 years from diagnosis. To this end, we retrospectively collected breast cancer lesions of patients with (BM+) or without (BM-) clinical evidence of bone metastatic lesions. Our results clearly indicate that elemental composition, but not morphological appearance, of breast microcalcifications can predict the presence or development of bone metastatic lesions. In particular, according with the data reported by Bonfiglio et al., in this study the breast cancer lesions of BM+ patients were frequently characterized by the presence calcifications made of MgHAp. Thus, the presence of MgHAp could play an active role in breast cancer progression. Indeed, as hypothesized in our previously study, the ability of HA to bind Mg can support the neoplastic progression by inhibiting the activity of DNA repair enzymes that require Mg as co-factor. These data further support the hypothesis that the bone metastatic process of breast cancer can be driven by BOLCs. Indeed, we also noted that breast cancer cells of BM+ patients acquired the capability to express two of the most important osteoblast induction factors such as BMP-2 and PTX3. BMP-2 is a member of TGF-β superfamily that which regulate numerous process in bone metabolisms. Specifically, BMP-2 is involved in both mesenchymal stem cells recruitment and differentiation into mature osteoblasts. In a recent paper, Scimeca et al. demonstrated the expression of BMP-2 by BOLCs. PTX3, also known as TNF-inducible gene 14 protein, is a molecule involved in several process of innate immunity[17,18]. It is also demonstrated that PTX3 have a role in the extracellular matrix formation as well as bone formation. In this context, the expression of BMP-2 and PTX3 in BM+ lesions can provide a scientific rationale for BOLCs development and microcalcifications formation. Also, it is known that both BMP-2 and PTX3 are involved in the EMT phenomenon. Thus, it is possible to speculate that these molecules have role both in BOLCs generation that in the production of HA or MgHAp crystals by the BOLCs themselves.
In conclusion, results here reported highlighted the possible use of breast microcalcifications as a negative prognostic marker of bone metastatic diseases. In particular, the association between elemental composition of breast microcalcifications and the formation of bone lesions can lay the foundation for the development of new in vivo diagnostic tools based on the analysis of microcalcifications and capable to predict the formation of bone metastasis. In this scenario, the in vivo analysis of elemental composition of microcalcifications by RAMAN spectroscopy could improve the clinical armamentarium available for the diagnosis and stadiation of breast cancer.
The data used to support the findings of this study are included within the article. Further details can be made available upon request.
Our study protocol was approved by independent ethical committee. Experimental procedures were carried out according to The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). Specimens were handled and carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines.
1. Riihimäki M, Thomsen H, Sundquist K, Sundquist J, Hemminki K. Clinical landscape of cancer metastases. Cancer Med 2018;7:5534-42.
2. Schneider G, Voltz R, Gaertner J. Cancer pain management and bone metastases: an update for the clinician. Breast Care (Basel) 2012;7:113-20.
3. Scimeca M, Urbano N, Bonfiglio R, Schillaci O, Bonanno E. Breast osteoblast-like cells: a new biomarker for the management of breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2018;119:1129-32.
4. Scimeca M, Bonfiglio R, Montanaro M, Bonanno E. Osteoblast-like cells in human cancers: new cell type and reliable markers for bone metastasis. Future Oncol 2018;14:9-11.
5. Scimeca M, Giannini E, Antonacci C, Pistolese CA, Spagnoli LG, et al. Microcalcifications in breast cancer: an active phenomenon mediated by epithelial cells with mesenchymal characteristics. BMC Cancer 2014;14:286.
6. Cox RF, Morgan MP. Microcalcifications in breast cancer: lessons from physiological mineralization. Bone 2013;53:437-50.
7. Scimeca M, Antonacci C, Toschi N, Giannini E, Bonfiglio R, et al. Breast osteoblast-like cells: a reliable early marker for bone metastases from breast cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2018;18:e659-69.
8. Liu T, Gao Y, Sakamoto K, Minamizato T, Furukawa K, et al. BMP-2 promotes differentiation of osteoblasts and chondroblasts in Runx2-deficient cell lines. J Cell Physiol 2007;211:728-35.
9. Scimeca M, Salustri A, Bonanno E, Nardozi D, Rao C, et al. Impairment of PTX3 expression in osteoblasts: a key element for osteoporosis. Cell Death Dis 2017;8:e3125.
10. Tarantino U, Feola M, Celi M, Scimeca M. PTX3: a new mediator of bone metabolism and osteoporosis. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2017;7:200-1.
11. Bischetti S, Scimeca M, Bonanno E, Federici M, Anemona L, et al. Carotid plaque instability is not related to quantity but to elemental composition of calcification. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017;27:768-74.
12. Scimeca M, Pietroiusti A, Milano F, Anemona L, Orlandi A, et al. Elemental analysis of histological specimens: a method to unmask nano asbestos fibers. Eur J Histochem 2016;60:2573.
13. Scimeca M, Bischetti S, Lamsira HK, Bonfiglio R, Bonanno E. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis: a powerful tool in biomedical research and diagnosis. Eur J Histochem 2018;62:2841.
14. Elston CW, Ellis IO. Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer I. The value of histological grade in breast cancer: experience from a large study with long-term follow-up. Histopathology 1991;19:403-10.
15. Bonfiglio R, Scimeca M, Toschi N, Pistolese CA, Giannini E, et al. Radiological, histological and chemical analysis of breast microcalcifications: diagnostic value and biological significance. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2018;23:89-99.
16. Bonfiglio R, Scimeca M, Urbano N, Bonanno E, Schillaci O. Breast microcalcifications: biological and diagnostic perspectives. Future Oncol 2018;14:3097-99.
17. Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Magrini E, Inforzato A, Mantovani A. PTX3, a humoral pattern recognition molecule, in innate immunity, tissue repair, and cancer. Physiol Rev 2018;98:623-39.
18. Mantovani A. Redundancy and robustness versus division of labour and specialization in innate immunity. Semin Immunol 2018;36:28-30.