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Q: converting a fortran program to a subroutine to be called from R I previously posted a question about a question here about trying to reproduce sample sizes from a statistics paper. The author has provided me the code which was used in the paper which is a Fortran program. I would like to call this code using the R package my team at work uses. To do this, I need to convert this Fortran program to a subroutine. This is my first experience with Fortran and I seem to have broken the program somehow and get wrong numbers that do not change when I change the input. I should also note that I had to make a few small changes from the original code that the author provided to get the program to work.
The "original" program that produces correct results when compiled and then ran:
    PROGRAM Exact_Mid_P_binomial_sample_size
          real(8) probA,probB,part1,part2,part3,part4
          real(8) totprA,totprB,factt, resp
!       character  resp
1       format ('Enter proportion       ',$)
2       format ('Enter error limit      ',$)
3       format ('Enter confidence level ',$)
4       format ('Calculated sample size is   ',i6)
5       format ('Exact mid-P with ',f7.5,' 2-tail probability')
6       format ('Sorry, unable to mathmatically solve this problem.')
7       format ('Reported sample size is not accuarate.')
8       format ('Enter q to quit  ',$)
9       format ('Actual limits for distribution  ',f5.3,' - ',f5.3)
        print *, 'Exact sampleroportions'
        print *, 'Using Mid-P methods'
        print *, 'Geoff Fosgate DVM PhD'
        print *, 'College of Veterinary Medicine'
        print *, 'Texas A&M University'
        print *
10      print *
        print 1
          read *, prop1
        print 2
          read *,range
        print 3
          read *,conlev
        print *
!           Convert proportions less than 0.5 for algorithm
        if (prop1 .lt. 0.5) then
            prop = 1 - prop1
            nprop = 1
              else
                prop = prop1
                nprop = 0
              end if
        slimit = max ((prop - range) , 0.0001)
        supper = min ((prop + range) , 0.9999)
!           Probabilities cannot be calculated for p=0 and p=1
        alpha = (1 - conlev)
        if (alpha .gt. 1.0) go to 10
        if (alpha .lt. 0.0) go to 10
        if (prop .gt. 1.0) go to 10
        if (prop .lt. 0.0) go to 10
        numbr = (1 / (1 - prop)) - 1
!           Define and initialize variables
!             Note names of variables based on Fortran 77 rules
!             Starting sample size is based on estimated proportion
!             Resulting sample size must be large enough to obtain this proportion
100     numbr = numbr + 1
        numx = (numbr * prop) + 0.001
!             This is the number of binomial "successes" resulting in the proportion
        if (numx .eq. numbr) go to 100
        if (numx .lt. 1) go to 100
        totprA = slimit**numbr
        totprB = supper**numbr
          do 130 loop1 = numx, (numbr - 1)
!               Must initialize variables within loop
            factt = 1.0
            probA = 0.0
            probB = 0.0
            part1 = 0.0
            part2 = 0.0
            part3 = 0.0
            part4 = 0.0
!                Start loop to calculate factorial component of binomial probability
!                Note that complete factorial calculations not necessary due to cancellations
            do 110 loop2 = (loop1 + 1) , numbr
               factt = factt * (loop2) / (numbr - (loop2 - 1))
110         continue
!                Calculate probability for this particular number of successes
!                Total probability is a running total
!                Note that real variables must have high precision and be comprised
!                of multiple bytes because factorial component can be very large
!                and exponentiated component can be very small
!                Program will fail if any component is recognized as zero or infinity
            part1 = slimit**loop1
              part2 = (1.0-slimit)**(numbr-loop1)
            part3 = supper**loop1
              part4 = (1.0-supper)**(numbr-loop1)
            if (part1 .eq. 0.0) part1 = 1.0D-307
            if (part2 .eq. 0.0) part2 = 1.0D-307
            if (part3 .eq. 0.0) part3 = 1.0D-307
            if (part4 .eq. 0.0) part4 = 1.0D-307
            if (factt .gt. 1.0D308) factt = 1.0D308
            probA = part1 * part2 * factt
            probB = part3 * part4 * factt
            if (loop1 .eq. numx)  then
                totprA = totprA + (0.5 * probA)
                totprB = totprB + (0.5 * probB)
                else
                    totprA = totprA + probA
                    totprB = totprB + probB
                end if
            if (probA .eq. 0.0) then
                    print 6
                    print 7
                    print *
                    go to 150
                end if
            if (probB .eq. 0.0) then
                    print 6
                    print 7
                    print *
                    go to 150
                end if
130       continue
140     if ((totprA + (1 - totprB)) .gt. alpha) go to 100
!             go to beginning and increase sample size by 1 if have not
!             reached specified level of confidence
150         if (nprop .eq. 1) then
                print 4,numbr
                print 9, (1-supper),(1-slimit)
            else
                print 4,numbr
                print 9, slimit,supper
            end if
            if (totprA+(1-totprB) .lt. alpha) print 5,(totprA+(1-totprB))
            print *
            print 8
            result = resp
!           print *
!       if (resp .ne. 'q') go to 10
      print *
      print *
999   end

The program above turned into a subroutine:
       subroutine midpss(prop1, range, conlev, numbr)

       integer numbr, nprop
       real(8) prop1, range, conlev, prop, slimit, supper
       real(8) probA,probB,part1,part2,part3,part4,factt
       real(8) totprA,totprB, resp
c         character  resp

c           Convert proportions less than 0.5 for algorithm
           if (prop1 .lt. 0.5) then
              prop = 1 - prop1
              nprop = 1
             else
                prop = prop1
                nprop = 0
             end if
         slimit = max ((prop - range) , 0.0001)
         supper = min ((prop + range) , 0.9999)

           numbr = (1 / (1 - prop)) - 1
c           Define and initialize variables
c             Note names of variables based on Fortran 77 rules
c             Starting sample size is based on estimated proportion
c             Resulting sample size must be large enough to obtain this proportion
100      numbr = numbr + 1
           numx = (numbr * prop) + 0.001
c             This is the number of binomial "successes" resulting in the proportion
           if (numx .eq. numbr) go to 100
           if (numx .lt. 1) go to 100
           totprA = slimit**numbr
           totprB = supper**numbr
           do 130 loop1 = numx, (numbr - 1)
c               Must initialize variables within loop
           factt = 1.0
           probA = 0.0
             probB = 0.0
           part1 = 0.0
           part2 = 0.0
             part3 = 0.0
             part4 = 0.0
c                Start loop to calculate factorial component of binomial probability
c                Note that complete factorial calculations not necessary due to cancellations
         do 110 loop2 = (loop1 + 1) , numbr
         factt = factt * (loop2) / (numbr - (loop2 - 1))
110    continue
c                Calculate probability for this particular number of successes
c                Total probability is a running total
c                Note that real variables must have high precision and be comprised
c                of multiple bytes because factorial component can be very large
c                and exponentiated component can be very small
c                Program will fail if any component is recognized as zero or infinity
           part1 = slimit**loop1
       part2 = (1.0-slimit)**(numbr-loop1)
           part3 = supper**loop1
       part4 = (1.0-supper)**(numbr-loop1)
             if (part1 .eq. 0.0) part1 = 1.0D-307
             if (part2 .eq. 0.0) part2 = 1.0D-307
             if (part3 .eq. 0.0) part3 = 1.0D-307
             if (part4 .eq. 0.0) part4 = 1.0D-307
             if (factt .gt. 1.0D308) factt = 1.0D308
         probA = part1 * part2 * factt
             probB = part3 * part4 * factt
           if (loop1 .eq. numx)  then
                totprA = totprA + (0.5 * probA)
                totprB = totprB + (0.5 * probB)
             else
              totprA = totprA + probA
              totprB = totprB + probB
             end if

130      continue
140      if ((totprA + (1 - totprB)) .gt. alpha) go to 100

       return
       end

To compile the original program, I run this in the command line:
gfortran midpSS_original.f

To compile the subroutine, I run this in the command line:
R CMD SHLIB midpSS_subroutine.f

and then from the R console, I run this:
> dyn.load("midpSS_subroutine.dll")
> is.loaded("midpss")
[1] TRUE
> .Fortran("midpss", prop1=as.numeric(0.9), range=as.numeric(0.1), conlev=as.numeric(0.90), numbr=as.integer(0)) # numbr should be 29
$prop1
[1] 0.9

$range
[1] 0.1

$conlev
[1] 0.9

$numbr
[1] 2091

> .Fortran("midpss", prop1=as.numeric(0.9), range=as.numeric(0.1), conlev=as.numeric(0.95), numbr=as.integer(0)) # numbr should be 47
$prop1
[1] 0.9

$range
[1] 0.1

$conlev
[1] 0.95

$numbr
[1] 2091

In the first call to the subroutine, the numbr should be 29. In the second one, numbr should be 47. The results are correct when compiling the "original" fortran program and running the same parameters. I cannot figure out what is going on here. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

A: The following block is checking the input data:
    if (alpha .gt. 1.0) go to 10
if (alpha .lt. 0.0) go to 10
if (prop .gt. 1.0) go to 10
if (prop .lt. 0.0) go to 10

This block makes the code go to the entry position to read the input data again. You might get wrong results because your input data into the subroutine might be out of range. Please check this first!
Another missing block is
if (probA .eq. 0.0) then
  print 6
  print 7
  print *
 go to 150
end if

if (probB .eq. 0.0) then
 print 6
 print 7
 print *
 go to 150
end if

and the label 150 as well. Are you sure that omitting these two blocks have not changed the accuracy and functionality of the original code?
Converting a program into a subroutine is very simple. The main steps are as follows:

*

*Convert the syntax program into subroutine

*Convert the syntax end program into end subroutine

*Put a parenthesis '()' after the name of your subroutine

*Put all the input and output of the program inside that parenthesis '()'

It is also a good practice to write implicit none after the program or subroutine
I convert the program into a subroutine of my own. Please note that the result = resp at the end of the subroutine might be wrong because as far as I know the command 'result' is for a function not a subroutine.
In the subroutine you have to specify the output. Since I don't know which variable is the output, I have not included that variable inside the parenthesis '()' after the subroutine name. please write it there.
My subroutine is like the following:
!    PROGRAM Exact_Mid_P_binomial_sample_size
    subroutine midpss (prop1, range, conlev, output)
    implicit none
          real(8) probA,probB,part1,part2,part3,part4
          real(8) totprA,totprB,factt, resp
          integer numbr, nprop,loop1,loop2
          real(8) prop1,prop,range,conlev,slimit,supper,alpha,numx,output

!       character  resp
!1       format ('Enter proportion       ',$)
!2       format ('Enter error limit      ',$)
!3       format ('Enter confidence level ',$)
4       format ('Calculated sample size is   ',i6)
5       format ('Exact mid-P with ',f7.5,' 2-tail probability')
6       format ('Sorry, unable to mathmatically solve this problem.')
7       format ('Reported sample size is not accuarate.')
8       format ('Enter q to quit  ',$)
9       format ('Actual limits for distribution  ',f5.3,' - ',f5.3)
        print *, 'Exact sampleroportions'
        print *, 'Using Mid-P methods'
        print *, 'Geoff Fosgate DVM PhD'
        print *, 'College of Veterinary Medicine'
        print *, 'Texas A&M University'
        print *
!10      print *
!        print 1
!          read *, prop1
!        print 2
!         read *, range
!       print 3
!         read *, conlev
!       print *
!           Convert proportions less than 0.5 for algorithm
        if (prop1 .lt. 0.5) then
            prop = 1 - prop1
            nprop = 1
              else
                prop = prop1
                nprop = 0
              end if
        slimit = max ((prop - range) , 0.0001)
        supper = min ((prop + range) , 0.9999)
!           Probabilities cannot be calculated for p=0 and p=1
        alpha = (1 - conlev)
!        if (alpha .gt. 1.0) go to 10
!        if (alpha .lt. 0.0) go to 10
!        if (prop .gt. 1.0) go to 10
!        if (prop .lt. 0.0) go to 10
        numbr = (1 / (1 - prop)) - 1
!           Define and initialize variables
!             Note names of variables based on Fortran 77 rules
!             Starting sample size is based on estimated proportion
!             Resulting sample size must be large enough to obtain this proportion
100     numbr = numbr + 1
        numx = (numbr * prop) + 0.001
!             This is the number of binomial "successes" resulting in the proportion
        if (numx .eq. numbr) go to 100
        if (numx .lt. 1) go to 100
        totprA = slimit**numbr
        totprB = supper**numbr
          do 130 loop1 = numx, (numbr - 1)
!               Must initialize variables within loop
            factt = 1.0
            probA = 0.0
            probB = 0.0
            part1 = 0.0
            part2 = 0.0
            part3 = 0.0
            part4 = 0.0
!                Start loop to calculate factorial component of binomial probability
!                Note that complete factorial calculations not necessary due to cancellations
            do 110 loop2 = (loop1 + 1) , numbr
               factt = factt * (loop2) / (numbr - (loop2 - 1))
110         continue
!                Calculate probability for this particular number of successes
!                Total probability is a running total
!                Note that real variables must have high precision and be comprised
!                of multiple bytes because factorial component can be very large
!                and exponentiated component can be very small
!                Program will fail if any component is recognized as zero or infinity
            part1 = slimit**loop1
              part2 = (1.0-slimit)**(numbr-loop1)
            part3 = supper**loop1
              part4 = (1.0-supper)**(numbr-loop1)
            if (part1 .eq. 0.0) part1 = 1.0D-307
            if (part2 .eq. 0.0) part2 = 1.0D-307
            if (part3 .eq. 0.0) part3 = 1.0D-307
            if (part4 .eq. 0.0) part4 = 1.0D-307
            if (factt .gt. 1.0D308) factt = 1.0D308
            probA = part1 * part2 * factt
            probB = part3 * part4 * factt
            if (loop1 .eq. numx)  then
                totprA = totprA + (0.5 * probA)
                totprB = totprB + (0.5 * probB)
                else
                    totprA = totprA + probA
                    totprB = totprB + probB
                end if
            if (probA .eq. 0.0) then
                    print 6
                    print 7
                    print *
                    go to 150
                end if
            if (probB .eq. 0.0) then
                    print 6
                    print 7
                    print *
                    go to 150
                end if
130       continue
140     if ((totprA + (1 - totprB)) .gt. alpha) go to 100
!             go to beginning and increase sample size by 1 if have not
!             reached specified level of confidence
150         if (nprop .eq. 1) then
                print 4,numbr
                print 9, (1-supper),(1-slimit)
            else
                print 4,numbr
                print 9, slimit,supper
            end if
            if (totprA+(1-totprB) .lt. alpha) print 5,(totprA+(1-totprB))
            print *
            print 8
            !result = resp
!           print *
!       if (resp .ne. 'q') go to 10
!      output=***     !write the output variable instead of ***
      print *
      print *
999   end subroutine midpss


Showing 41 articles from July 24, 2013.
FRANKLIN COUNTY — On the last stop of the day, narcotics officers rolled four-wheelers to the edge of a thicket, rolling over knee-high brush and bushes.
They spent the next 100 yards on foot, chopping through thick brush with machetes, propelled by the hopes of finding a narrow trail and guided by a low-flying helicopter, pointing the way to a stash of marijuana plants.
Interviews of the five persons who have expressed an interest in serving on the Franklin County Board of Education will begin at the school boards Aug. 12 meeting, according to Gil Johnson, chair of the board.
The board is currently short one at-large member following the recent resignation of long-time member Dannie Williams.
The Franklin County Board of Education will meet at 6 p.m. tonight (Thursday) with the goal of appointing an interim superintendent to replace Eddie Ingram who recently retired to accept a position in South Carolina.
The board had appointed veteran Franklin County school leader Tommy Piper as acting superintendent but, according to some sources, is considering going out-of-state to hire an interim superintendent to run the district while Ingram's replacement is sought. That process has been estimated at between three and six months.
Louisburg and Mitchners Crossroad fire crews and county EMS responded to this conflagration at 121 Harris Street in Louisburg. The fire was reported just before 2:30 p.m. on July 21. As units arrived, they found the home fully engulfed in flames. Because of the heat, additional units were called in from Bunn to help control the blaze. No injuries were reported, according to investigators. No one was inside when the fire started.
Legislators were working to finalize a state budget on Wednesday that critics have said undercuts public education.
While members of the General Assembly were working to finish off a budget that was unveiled just days before, Franklin County education leaders say it will be some time before they know the full ramifications of the state's $20.6 billion budget.
Louisburg College is inviting the community to a ribbon cutting and open house for the newly renovated E. Carroll Joyner Student Residence, formerly known as the Arthur Person House.
The open house will begin with a ribbon cutting sponsored by the Greater Franklin County Chamber of Commerce at 5:15 p.m., Thursday, Aug. 1, and will include remarks from College president Mark La Branche.
'Drop a Drone Day' could be just what we need!
It's not a crime to steal an idea — especially if you improve on it!
With that in mind, I read a story recently that might be a way for Franklin County — or any of its towns — to raise much-needed money and increase tourism.
The idea came from a small town in Colorado — but don't let that spoil it for you.
Hidden, almost camouflaged, in a few words that were part of a news story on The Franklin Times' website recently was a clue to a serious problem that Franklin County must address.
The story was about a house fire in the Edward Best Community well east of Louisburg on N.C. 56.
The relatively new home caught fire late one night and, fortunately, all the residents escaped without injury — but without much else.
I'll be completely and totally honest with you, I'm no mathematician.
I say that to say this — I'm never going to be the person that totally understands the ramifications of a budget.
However, earlier this week, I spent enough time in the woods, trapped by trees, bushes sticks and ragged earth to know the true impact of a machete.
Used precisely, it can cut a much needed path.
As of this writing, the Republicans have concluded negotiating with themselves on what they call tax reform.
In my lexicon, "reform" implies improvement; this is certainly anything but. It is a return on investment to their financiers at the expense of the poor and middle class of this County.
Essentially, the plan is a combination of the Flat Tax and Fair Tax; great names but terrible ideas.
Economic development; why is no one running?
This is the first in a series of columns I am going to offer that speak to economic development.
Not in the state or nationally, but right here in Franklin County. In fairness to all of those currently involved in this, and in recognition of work they have done, I want to say while much of what I offer may appear to be critical, it is not meant to reflect on anyone personally.
Liberty over a progressive state?
I propose liberty for all over a progressive state.
It's amazing to me how Mrs. Eaton can write letters to the editor in the name of maintaining our values as a progressive southern state. This is not about improving anything, it's about being in control of you and I.
As 2016 looms, be very afraid!
In his July 4th letter to the editor, Danny Pearce forgot to mention why Mencken wrote what you claim he said. You did not totally tell the truth. You added a few words of your own, such as downright fool and complete narcissistic moron.
HENDERSON - Funeral services for Joseph C. "Joe" Perry, 74, who died Thursday, July 18, 2013, were held Tuesday, July 23, at Richardson Funeral Home in Louisburg, with the Rev. Timothy Walker officiating. Burial followed in the Cemetery on the Hill.
YOUNGSVILLE —Funeral services for Lucille Debnam Black, 93, who died Monday, July 22, 2013, will be held at 1 p.m. Friday, July 26, at Old Liberty Missionary Baptist Church, with Dr. Charles A. Murrill Sr. officiating. Burial will follow in the church cemetery.
NASHVILLE - Funeral services for Magdalean R. Hunter, 81, who died Monday, July 22, 2013, will be held Friday, July 26, at noon at Union Hill Baptist Church, with the Rev. Paul Davis officiating. Burial will follow in the Philadelphia Baptist Church cemetery.
STRETCH PLAY. Bunn's D.J. Daniel (left) lunges to field a throw and make a great play at first base during action at the Big Kahuna Baseball Tournament in Myrtle Beach, S.C.
BUNN -- Coach Larry McKeithan hoped to upgrade his Bunn Wildcats 12-Under Travel Team's schedule this season -- with the hope that the Green and Gold would be ready for the campaign-ending Big Kahuna Tournament.
At the Big Kahuna, Bunn would be tangling with 18 high-level squads from the Midwest and the East Coast at the palatial Ripken Experience Youth Baseball Facility in Myrtle Beach, S.C.
KACI IN THE FIELD. Kaci Roberson made all the plays at third base this season for the Louisburg All-Stars. Louisburg won the Tar Heel 12-Under State Softball Tournament last weekend in Shelby.
LOUISBURG -- Louisburg's All-Stars hadn't dropped a game through regular season and district tournament action.
The All-Stars weren't about to buck that trend when it mattered the most.
Instead, Louisburg capped off an amazing campaign by claiming a bit of history at the Tar Heel 12-Under State Softball Tourney, which was held in Shelby.
A STINGRAYS' SISTER ACT. (L to R) Sisters Carly and Jessica Weathers have been outstanding performers in the pool this summer for the Town and Country Stingrays' swim squad out of Louisburg.
RALEIGH -- It didn't take long for Town and County and Winchester to renew their long-time pool rivalry.
Just three days after meeting for the first time this season, TC and Winchester tangled once again last Thursday in North Raleigh.
Homestanding Winchester was a 294-162 winner over the Stingrays.
BUNN -- Just when the coaching roulette wheeled appeared on the verge of stopping at Bunn High School, the announcement came that Benj Daniels has resigned as BHS' girls basketball and soccer skipper.
Daniels, 29, stepped down to take charge of the girls hoops program at Wake Forest High School. He will also oversee WF's junior varsity boys soccer team.
FRANKLINTON -- Following his tremendous senior season, Franklinton's Jared Miller felt a tinge of disappointment when he didn't earn a spot on the Class 2-A All-State Boys Soccer Team.
With that in mind, the always-competitive Miller took it upon himself to showcase his skills during Tuesday's North Carolina East-West All-Star Game at the University of North Carolina-Greensboro Soccer Complex.
ZEBULON -- The Carolina Mudcats scored five times in the last of the fourth to pull away for a 9-4 win over the Wilmington Blue Rocks on Monday night at Five County Stadium in a Class A Carolina League baseball contest.
The Mudcats (15-14, 37-62) climbed above .500 for the first time in the second half by pounding out 15 hits.
The Blue Rocks (14-16, 47-53) dropped their eighth straight.
LOUISBURG -- There wasn't any controversy involved with the selection of Louisburg's 13-14 All-Star Baseball Team.
Since Louisburg only fielded one squad during regular season action, that group simply stayed together to compete in area All-Star action.
And the club, coached by Jon Dorsey, has done quite well over the past few weeks -- and Dorsey hopes the heroics will continue this week at the Tar Heel State Baseball Tournament in Williamston.
BUNN -- A journey to the Tar Heel 8-Under State Tournament offered a chance at redemption for the Bunn All-Stars.
During District 6 Tourney action two weeks ago in Wendell, Bunn tangled with Rolesville twice, losing 11-9 in the semifinals and 13-12 in the championship contest.
Members of the Louisburg All-Stars rejoice after claiming the championship at the Tar Heel 12-Under State Softball Tournament, which wrapped up Sunday afternoon in Shelby The team, coached by Shawn Schlafer, rolled through regular season, district and state tournament action without suffering a setback along the way.
Ramsey Schlafer has been solid at first base this season for the Louisburg All-Stars. Louisburg claimed the crown at the Tar Heel 12-Under State Softball Tourney in Shelby.
Bunn's Luke Rice delivers a pitch toward home plate at the Big Kahuna Baseball Tournament in Myrtle Beach.
Thus wrote a correspondent in The Franklin Times on March 7, 1913, just four days after the General Assembly ratified an act to incorporate the town.
As the quote implies, the community, named for Green Walker Bunn, existed prior to its incorporation.
Graduates of the Franklinton High School Class of 1951 were assembled recently due to the efforts of Lucy Fuller, at the Forks in Wake Forest for lunch.
MYRTLE BEACH, S.C. — A Franklin County man remains jailed in South Carolina on charges that he sexually assaulted a 14-year-old girl alleged to be carrying his child.
Horry County police charged Jose Jesus Cecena-Martinez with second degree criminal sexual conduct with a minor on July 14.
Local art instructor Billy Farmer helps one of his students, LuAnn Salzillo of Louisburg, make sure one of her watercolor paintings is hanging just right. Farmer's students are holding an art exhibit at Louisburg town hall through the end of July. The exhibit, which lines the walls of the main entryway into the building, puts the spotlight on watercolor artwork by students who Farmer said were trying their hand at watercolors for the first time.
The North Carolina Small Grain Growers Association (NCSGGA) has announced that an Assessment Referendum will take place Aug. 7.
Kevin Stalling's home, at 4203 N.C. 56 East, Louisburg, was hit by fire that appeared to start in a garage and quickly spread into the attic around 11 p.m. Thursday, July 18, according to fire officials. Justice Fire Chief Kelly Harris said that by the time firemen arrived, the blaze had already broken through the roof.
CHAPEL HILL — A Youngsville man who sustained injuries in a house fire in December has died.
Harold Williamson Jr. was 27.
According to investigators, Williamson, who was blind, was at his Long Mill Road home the evening of Dec. 14 when an apparent grease fire began.
Site work has begun on an 11,92-square-foot, stand-alone building that will become part of the Louisburg Plaza development at the intersection of U.S. 401 and N.C. 56 West. According to Louisburg officials, the building will be "flex space" that will allow for four or five retail bay units. Although the project is to be on the "fast track," no completion date was available. The shopping center is managed by GFD Management, Inc., of Cary.


Many people are afraid of one day finding out that they have lung cancer. This is an especially real and present fear for people who smoke or who have other risk factors for lung cancer.
The biggest question on these people's minds is often is lung cancer curable?
Unfortunately, there is no easy answer to that question. Whether lung cancer can be treated depends on a number of factors, such as how early it is caught and the severity of the disease.
The best thing to do is to try and reduce your risk of lung cancer. And, if you are at a higher risk for the disease, you should be screened for it regularly so that, if it does develop, you can seek treatment as soon as possible.
What are the Stages of Lung Cancer?
Stages of cancer indicate how far decease has spread and helped guide treatment. The chance of treatment being successful is considerably higher when lung cancer is diagnosed and treated in the early stages before it spreads out. Because lung cancer does not cause noticeable symptoms in the earlier stages, diagnosis often comes after it has spread.
Lung cancer starts when cells of the lungs become abnormal and grow out of control. As more cancer cells develop, they can form into a tumor and spread to other areas of the body. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer.
Cancer is found in the lung, but it is mostly internal and has not spread outside the lung.
Cancer is detected in the lung and nearby lymph nodes.
Cancer is in the lung and lymph nodes in the center of the chest.
Cancer has found its way into the lymph nodes, but only on the same side of the chest where cancer initially started developing.
Cancer has spread to lymph nodes on the opposite side of the chest or to lymph nodes over the collarbone.
Cancer has spread into both lungs, the area around the lungs, or to other distant organs.
Compared to NSCLC, the small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has only two main stages.
In the limited stage, cancer is discovered in only one lung or nearby lymph nodes on the same side of the chest.
In the period of diagnosis, 2 out of 3 lung cancer patients with SCLC are already in the extensive stage. Staging of cancer is one of the most repeatedly prognostic factors with the classification based on the size of the tumor.
The lung cancer five-year survival rate (17.7 percent) is lower than many other leading cancer sites, such as the colon (64.4 percent), breast (89.7 percent) and prostate (98.9 percent).
The five-year lung cancer survival rate is 55 percent for cases detected when the disease is still localized (within the lungs). However, only 16 percent of lung cancer cases are diagnosed at an early stage. For distant tumors (spread to other organs) the five-year survival rate is only 4 percent.
More than half of people diagnosed with lung cancer die within one year of being diagnosed.
Smoking tobacco, such as cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, is the top risk factor for lung cancer. According to studies, about 90 percent of all lung cancer-related deaths are caused by smoking. Tobacco and tobacco smoke contains 7,000 chemicals, many of which are carcinogenic. Inhaling the chemicals in a cigarette instantly triggers a change in lung tissue. Initially, your body can repair the damage. Its ability to do so decreases as exposure continues. The more frequently you smoke and the longer you smoke, the higher your chances of developing lung cancer.
Smoking is the most significant risk factor, causing 9 out of 10 lung cancers.
Smokers aren't the only ones who are affected. Second-hand smoke or breathing in other people's smoke increases the risk of lung cancer. In the US second-hand smoke is responsible for approximately 7,300 lung cancer deaths each year.
Tobacco products contain over 7,000 chemicals 70 of which are linked to causing cancer.
When you inhale tobacco smoke, this mixture of chemicals is delivered directly to your lungs, where it immediately starts causing damage. The lungs can usually repair damage at first, but the continued assault on lung tissue becomes harder to manage. That's when damaged cells can mutate and grow out of control.
The chemicals you inhale also enter your bloodstream and are carried throughout your body, increasing the risk of other types of cancer.
While quitting smoking can lower your risk of developing lung cancer considerably, former smokers are still at risk of developing lung cancer. Within 10 years of quitting, the risk of death and life expectancy from lung cancer drops by half.
Instead of dwelling on the lung cancer death rate or continuously wondering about what is the survival rate for lung cancer or the small cell lung cancer survival rate, people should do everything possible to prevent the disease.
This is especially true for people who are already at an increased risk for lung cancer.
These are just some of the risk factors for lung cancer. The good news, however, is that you can easily reduce your risk as it relates to some of these categories.
If, for example, you smoke, you can make an effort to quit smoking. Likewise, you can make healthy changes to your diet and your environment to reduce your risk of lung cancer.
Also, if you know you have an increased risk of lung cancer for any reason, you should regularly see a doctor who knows your history in order to be tested for this disease on a regular basis.
The sooner treatment is sought in cases of lung cancer, the more likely it is that the disease can be successfully treated. For this reason, regular screenings, especially for those at an increased risk of lung cancer, are extremely important.
As mentioned above, it's best not to focus on survival rates for lung cancer. That is because the chances of survival can vary so widely based on the type of lung cancer when it is caught, the treatments applied, and more.
What you should focus on, however, is the good news. That includes the fact that over 430,000 individuals who were at one time diagnosed with lung cancer are still alive and well.
For this reason, if you are ever diagnosed with lung cancer, do not simply assume that it is a death sentence. Instead, talk with your doctor about different treatment options and, from there, work out the best possible plan to help you live a long and healthy life in spite of the diagnosis.
If you are diagnosed with lung cancer at some point in your life, the good news is that you have many options for treatment. A doctor who is experienced with lung cancer treatment is your best source for learning about which treatments options are likely to work best for you and your situation.
In many cases, surgery can be one of the best and most effective tools for ridding the body of lung cancer, especially in cases where the cancer is clearly confined and caught early.
Some surgical options include wedge resectioning, which removes the affected portion of the lung; lobectomies to remove one lung lobe, or even pneumonectomies, which would remove an entire lung.
When surgery is not an option, your doctor may recommend radiation therapy, which is effective at killing cancer cells in the body. In some cases, this treatment may be combined with surgery, or it may be performed on its own, depending on the specifics of your case.
Chemotherapy is another option sometimes used for lung cancer patients. Like radiation, it also works to kill cancer cells. Other options also exist, such as drug therapy and immunotherapy, which is used to boost the immune system and help it to fight cancer.
The only way to know what your best treatment option is is to work with a qualified health professional.
The bottom line is that you should do everything within your power to guard against lung cancer. But, if you are diagnosed with the condition, do your research and find a doctor and a treatment plan that will work for you. It could just save your life.


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text:
Denmark women's national floorball team is the national team of Denmark. At the 1999 Floorball Women's World Championship in Borlänge, Sweden, the team finished third in the B-Division. At the 2001 Floorball Women's World Championship in Riga, Latvia, the team finished second in the B-Division. At the 2003 Floorball Women's World Championship in Germany, the team finished third in the B-Division. At the 2005 Floorball Women's World Championship in Singapore, the team finished first in the B-Division. At the 2007 Floorball Women's World Championship in Frederikshavn, Denmark, the team finished sixth in the A-Division. At the 2013 Floorball Women's World Championship in Brno and Ostrava, Czech Republic, the team finished eleventh.

References

Women's national floorball teams
Floorball

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text:
HomeEntertainmentLucifer Season 5: Release Date, Cast, Air Date, Plot and Everything Else
Lucifer Season 5: Release Date, Cast, Air Date, Plot and Everything Else
Netflix has revived Lucifer because of the strong premise as well as its popularity. The revival of Lucifer came into being after a significant campaign pulled up by fans. After Netflix revived the series, the previous seasons of Lucifer eventually ended up in the ecosystem of the streaming giant.
By the looks of it, the fourth season of Netflix premiered on the 8th of May 2019 and it set premise to the finale of the show. In addition to this, the reaction to Lucifer's fourth season has been significant and it is not going to back down anytime soon.
What is the status of the fifth season?
The fans of Lucifer are currently in a bitter sweet moment as Netflix not only confirmed the series to be revived for a fifth run, but the fifth season is going to be the final season.
Lucifer is currently undergoing production and the series is already written by its curator and it will premiere soon in 2020. Back in February 2020, the writers of the series revealed that they have finally finished the story of Lucifer a powerful character from DC Comics. Every great thing in the world has to come to an end one day and the same is with Lucifer.
The fifth season is going to be split into two distinctive haves just like Breaking Bad.
How many episodes are there in Lucifer season 5?
Previously, it was stated that Lucifer will feature 10 distinctive episodes. Later in 2020, the makers revealed that Lucifer will feature 16 episodes which would be further divided into two parts.
The cast of Lucifer is coming back and there will be some characters from the first two seasons who will make a grand entry in the fifth season.
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Raunaak Mitra
Hola, My name is Raunaak Mitra, and I define myself as a writer. I'm a big-time movie buff and a dedicated binge-watcher. I have expertise in TV Series, Films, Novels, Literature, History, Technology, Music (I have my roots in Bach and Mozart), Astrophysics (still learning). Have an excellent time reading the contents that I curate; I exist for writing and listening to music! Live Long and Prosper.

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Oh my loving this notepad! Soo adorable! Have alovely merry happy day and love to you!
So lovely I just had to buy myself one. I am starting to feel like your etsy stalker - every second purchase I make seems to be form your shop!
Very cute & so clever to leave a blank space!
I love these notepads! Very clever.


WASHINGTON (AP) -- The White House is under pressure to ramp up counterterrorism action against al-Shabab in Somalia following the al-Qaida-linked group's deadly attack on an upscale Kenyan shopping mall that has killed and injured dozens, including Americans.
Republican lawmakers Sunday said the attack showed al-Qaida is growing in size and strength, belying the Obama administration's claims that it has grown weaker.
"They're not on the decline," said Sen. Tom Coburn of Oklahoma, the ranking Republican on the Homeland Security Committee, on CBS' "Face the Nation." `'They're on the rise, as you can see from Nairobi."
Al-Shabab militants launched their assault on Saturday, storming the mall with grenades and gunfire. Kenyan security forces launched a "major" assault late Sunday on the mall, where the militants were still holding an unknown number of hostages, trying to end the two-day standoff that had already killed at least 68 people. The Kenya Defense Forces said their troops had rescued "most" hostages and taken control of most of the mall in Nairobi.
State Department spokesman Marie Harf said five U.S. citizens were among the more than 175 injured, but no Americans were among those reported killed. Harf said U.S. law enforcement, military and civilian personnel in Nairobi are providing advice and assistance as requested by the Kenyan authorities.
U.S. counterterrorism officials throughout the Obama administration have debated whether to target the Somalia-based rebel group more directly, especially after it merged with al-Qaida in early 2012. But U.S. action has been limited to the occasional drone strike or raid when a particularly high-value al-Qaida target comes into view, while relying primarily on assisting Somali and African peacekeeping forces to carry out the day-to-day fight.
That decision was partly driven by the fear that directly targeting al-Shabab would spur the group to expand its own target list, striking at U.S. diplomatic posts overseas and calling on members of the Somali diaspora inside the U.S. to carry out attacks, according to multiple current and former U.S. counterterrorism officials. They all spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss publicly internal policy decisions.
A White House official said Sunday that the administration had taken a "balanced approach."
"It's not a question of either direct action or playing a supporting role," National Security Council spokesman Jonathan Lalley said by email Sunday. "Our approach has been to work to enable and support African partners," as well as prosecuting some al-Shabab members and supporters, he said.
"The U.S. military has also taken direct action in Somalia against members of al-Qaida - some of them members of al-Shabab - engaged in efforts to carry out terrorist attacks against the United States and U.S. interests," Lalley said.
But that effort in Somalia pales next to, say, the hundreds of U.S. drone strikes against militants in Yemen and Pakistan during the Obama administration.
The Somali rebel group has similarly limited its own target list to Somali officials or troops, and African Union peacekeeping troops, to avoid drawing the U.S. counterterrorism machine into a full-fledged fight, the U.S. officials say. Though headed by hard-core Islamist militants, al-Shabab's more moderate membership has successfully argued to keep the group focused on overthrowing the U.S.-backed Somali government, rather than taking on the mantle of al-Qaida's larger war with the west.
The group did claim responsibility for twin suicide bombings in Uganda in 2010 that killed more than 70 people, but that was seen as a reaction to Uganda providing the bulk of African peacekeeping forces in Somalia.
Similarly, al-Shabab said this weekend's attack was in retribution for Kenyan forces' 2011 push into Somalia.
"You reach the population who says the cost we're bearing for this operation in Somalia is too much," said al-Shabab expert Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, of the Washington-based Foundation for Defense of Democracies. "From Shabab's calculus, they may well think it's worth inflicting a heavy cost on Kenya," even if it draws U.S. ire.
But the scale and technical sophistication of the Nairobi attack could signal a change in al-Shabab's aspirations, according to Rep. Peter King, R-N.Y., possibly increasing the group's direct threat to the United States. King said the State Department had not initially wanted to declare al-Shabab a terrorist organization because it saw the group focusing on tribal issues within Somalia. It was declared a terror organization in 2008.
"Now, we see, by attacking into Kenya they certainly have an international dimension to them," King said Sunday on ABC's "This Week." `'We're talking about very significant terrorist groups here which are showing a capacity to attack outside of their borders and actually recruit people from here in the United States," said King, who serves on the House Intelligence Committee.
The attack is a recruiting and fundraising shot in the arm for al-Shabab's leader, Mukhtar Abu Zubeyr, who is working to consolidate power after a year spent eliminating rivals, according to Raffaello Pantucci, who has studied the group for West Point's Combating Terrorism Center.
"It's a trifecta for the group," Pantucci said in an interview Sunday. "It brings attention, causes chaos and is successful."
Leaving the violence unanswered could be a further boon for the organization.
Up until now, President Barack Obama secretly has authorized only two commando raids and at least two drone strikes against the al-Qaida linked terrorists in Somalia, while a small U.S. special operations team has advised African peacekeeping troops, as well as helping build a small elite Somali counterterrorism force, according to two former U.S. military officials familiar with the operations.
Two former U.S. counterterrorism officials say the preference has always been to meet specific incidents with a specific response but to avoid getting too deeply involved in the continent of Africa.
"The `don't expand the fight' argument has always won," one said.
They said the number of western citizens among the dead and injured in the weekend incident may change the U.S. calculation.


text:
Florida Senate - 2016                       CS for CS for SB 378
By the Committees on Governmental Oversight and Accountability;
and Health Policy; and Senator Bean
585-01305-16                                           2016378c2
2         An act relating to pediatric cardiac care in the
3         Children's Medical Services Network; creating s.
4         391.224, F.S.; providing legislative findings and
5         intent; creating the Pediatric Cardiac Advisory
6         Council; determining the chair of the advisory
7         council; establishing the membership of the advisory
8         council; identifying the duties of the advisory
9         council; setting the minimum qualifications for the
10         designation of a facility as a Pediatric and
11         Congenital Cardiovascular Center of Excellence;
12         requiring a report to the Governor, the Legislature,
13         and the State Surgeon General; requiring the
14         Department of Health to develop rules relating to
15         pediatric cardiac services and facilities in the
16         Children's Medical Services Network; authorizing the
17         department to adopt rules relating to the council and
18         the designation of facilities as Pediatric and
19         Congenital Cardiovascular Centers of Excellence;
20         authorizing and preserving until amended specified
21         rules relating to pediatric cardiac services and
22         facilities; providing an effective date.
24  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
26         Section 1. Section 391.224, Florida Statutes, is created to
27  read:
28         391.224 Pediatric Cardiac Advisory Council.—
29         (1) LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND INTENT.—
30         (a) The Legislature finds significant benefits in the
31  continued coordination of activities by several state agencies
32  regarding access to pediatric cardiac care in this state. It is
33  the intent of the Legislature that the Department of Health, the
34  department's cardiac consultants, and the Agency for Health Care
35  Administration maintain their long-standing interagency teams
36  and agreements for the development and adoption of guidelines,
37  standards, and rules for those portions of the state cardiac
38  care system within the statutory authority of each agency. This
39  coordinated approach will continue to ensure the necessary
40  continuum of care for the pediatric cardiac patient. The
41  department has the leadership responsibility for this activity.
42         (b) It is further the intent of the Legislature to
43  establish the Pediatric Cardiac Advisory Council, a statewide,
44  inclusive council within the department.
45         (2) PEDIATRIC CARDIAC ADVISORY COUNCIL.—
46         (a) The State Surgeon General shall appoint the Pediatric
47  Cardiac Advisory Council for the purpose of advising the
48  department on the delivery of cardiac services to children.
49         (b) The chair of the council shall be elected from among
50  the council members every 2 years and may not serve more than
51  two consecutive terms.
52         (c) The council shall meet upon the call of the chair or
53  two or more voting members or upon the call of the State Surgeon
54  General, but must meet at least quarterly. Council meetings must
55  be conducted by teleconference or through other electronic means
56  when feasible.
57         (d) The council shall be composed of no more than 13 voting
58  members with technical expertise in cardiac medicine. Members
59  shall be appointed by the State Surgeon General for staggered
60  terms of 4 years. An employee of the department or a contracted
61  consultant paid by the department may not serve as an appointed
62  member or ex officio member of the council. Council members
63  shall include the following voting members:
64         1. Pediatric cardiologists or pediatric cardiovascular
65  surgeons who have been nominated by their respective chief
66  executive officers and approved by the State Surgeon General
67  from the following facilities for as long as such facilities
68  maintain their pediatric certificates of need:
69         a. All Children's Hospital in St. Petersburg;
70         b. Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children in Orlando;
71         c. Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital in Hollywood;
72         d. Nicklaus Children's Hospital in Miami;
73         e. St. Joseph's Children's Hospital in Tampa;
74         f. University of Florida Health Shands Hospital in
75  Gainesville;
76         g. University of Miami Holtz Children's Hospital in Miami;
77  and
78         h. Wolfson Children's Hospital in Jacksonville.
80  A hospital with a certificate of need for a pediatric cardiac
81  program that meets state and national standards as determined by
82  the council following an onsite visit by a panel from the
83  council shall have one of its pediatric cardiologists or
84  pediatric cardiovascular surgeons who has been nominated by its
85  chief executive officer and approved by the State Surgeon
86  General appointed to the council as a new voting member. The
87  voting privilege of a voting member of the council appointed
88  pursuant to this subparagraph shall be suspended if the facility
89  he or she represents no longer meets state and national
90  standards as adopted by the council. Such individual may remain
91  a member of the council in an advisory capacity but shall
92  relinquish voting privileges until his or her facility meets
93  such standards.
94         2. Two physicians at large, not associated with a facility
95  that has a representative appointed as a voting member of the
96  council, who are pediatric cardiologists or subspecialists with
97  special expertise or experience in dealing with children or
98  adults with congenital heart disease. These physicians shall be
99  selected by the State Surgeon General in consultation with the
100  Deputy Secretary for Children's Medical Services and the
101  Director of Children's Medical Services.
102         3. One community physician who has ongoing involvement with
103  and special interest in children with heart disease and who is
104  not associated with a facility represented in subparagraph 1. or
105  one community-based medical internist having experience with
106  adults with congenital heart disease. The community physician
107  shall be selected by the State Surgeon General in consultation
108  with the Deputy Secretary of Children's Medical Services and the
109  Director of the Division of Children's Medical Services.
110         (e) The State Surgeon General may appoint nonvoting
111  advisory members to the council in consultation with the Deputy
112  Secretary for Children's Medical Services and the Director of
113  Children's Medical Services. Such members may participate in
114  council discussions and subcommittees created by the council,
115  but may not vote.
116         (f) The duties of the council include, but are not limited
118         1. Recommending standards for personnel, diagnoses,
119  clinics, and facilities rendering cardiac services to the
120  department and the Division of Children's Medical Services.
121         2. Analyzing reports on the periodic review of cardiac
122  personnel, diagnoses, clinics, and facilities to determine if
123  established state and national standards for cardiac services
124  are met.
125         3. Making recommendations to the Director of Children's
126  Medical Services as to the approval or disapproval of reviewed
127  cardiac care personnel, diagnoses, clinics, and facilities.
128         4. Making recommendations as to the intervals for
129  reinspection of approved personnel, diagnoses, clinics, and
130  facilities for cardiac care.
131         5. Reviewing and inspecting hospitals upon the request of
132  the hospitals, the department, or the Agency for Health Care
133  Administration to determine if established state and national
134  standards for cardiac services are met.
135         6. Providing input on all aspects of the state's Children's
136  Medical Services cardiac programs, including rulemaking.
137         7. Addressing all components of the care of adults and
138  children with congenital heart disease and children with
139  acquired heart disease, as indicated and appropriate.
140         8. Abiding by the recognized state and national
141  professional standards of care for children with heart disease.
142         9. Making recommendations to the State Surgeon General for
143  legislation and appropriations for children's cardiac services.
144         10. Providing advisory opinions to the Agency for Health
145  Care Administration before the agency approves a certificate of
146  need for children's cardiac services.
147         (g) A council member shall serve without compensation, but
148  is entitled to reimbursement for per diem and travel expenses in
149  accordance with s. 112.061.
150         (h) At the recommendation of the Pediatric Cardiac Advisory
151  Council and with the approval of the Director of Children's
152  Medical Services, the State Surgeon General shall designate
153  facilities meeting the council's approved state and national
154  professional standards of care for children with heart disease
155  as "Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Centers of
156  Excellence." The designation is withdrawn automatically if a
157  particular center no longer meets such standards.
158         1. The council shall develop and recommend to the State
159  Surgeon General measurable performance standards and goals for
160  determining whether a facility meets the requirements for
161  designation as a "Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Center
162  of Excellence."
164  Surgeon General evaluation tools for measuring the goals and
165  performance standards of the facilities seeking and receiving
166  the "Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Center of
167  Excellence" designation.
168         (3) ANNUAL REPORT.—The council shall submit an annual
169  report to the Governor, the President of the Senate, the Speaker
170  of the House of Representatives, and the State Surgeon General
171  by January 1 of each year, beginning in 2017. The report must
172  summarize the council's activities for the preceding fiscal year
173  and include data and performance measures for all pediatric
174  cardiac facilities that participate in the Children's Medical
175  Services Network relating to surgical morbidity and mortality.
176  The report must also recommend any policy or procedural changes
177  that would increase the council's effectiveness in monitoring
178  the pediatric cardiovascular programs in the state.
179         (4) RULEMAKING.—The department, in coordination with the
180  Agency for Health Care Administration, shall develop rules
181  related to pediatric cardiac facilities that participate in the
182  Children's Medical Services Network. The rules may establish
183  standards relating to the training and credentialing of medical
184  and surgical personnel, facility and physician minimum case
185  volumes, and data reporting requirements for monitoring and
186  enhancing quality assurance. The department may adopt rules
187  relating to the establishment, operations, and authority of the
188  Pediatric Cardiac Advisory Council and the establishment, goals,
189  performance standards, and evaluation tools for designating
190  facilities as Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Centers of
191  Excellence. The rules relating to pediatric cardiac services and
192  facilities in effect on October 1, 2015, are authorized pursuant
193  to this subsection and shall remain in effect until amended
194  pursuant to this subsection.
195         Section 2. This act shall take effect upon becoming a law.


text:
Q: Compare dates in an array I'm writing code that compares two dates from a userform and a columm from an array.
If it's between those, then set the entire row in another array.
Dim vD1 As Variant
Dim vD2 As Variant
vD1 = UserForm1.TextBox1.Value
vD2 = UserForm1.TextBox2.Value

If vD1 = Empty Then
  vD1 = #1/1/2010#
End If

If vD2 = Empty Then
  vD2 = #1/1/2100#
End If

vD1 = Format(vD1, "General Number")
vD2 = Format(vD2, "General Number")

For i = 1 To 100
  If myArray5(i, 1) >= vD1 Then
    If myArray5(i, 1) <= vD2 Then
      For j = 1 To 8
        myArray6(i, j) = myArray5(i, j)
      Next j
    End If
  End If
Next i

For i = 1 To 100
  If myArray5(i, 1) <= vD1 Then
    If myArray5(i, 1) >= vD2 Then
      For j = 1 To 8
        myArray6(i, j) = Empty
      Next j
    End If
  End If
Next i

A: Really this depends on what is in myArray5 and myArray6, and how those are formatted. For more information on date comparison methods and functions in Excel VBA, check this link from the Excel Developer site.
Also, from a bird's eye view, you could improve by combining If...Then statements with an And statement, for example:
If (myArray5(i, 1) >= vD1) and (myArray5(i, 1) <= vD2) Then _
myArray6(i, j) = myArray5(i, j)

Also you might try adding comments and indentation to your code - this will greatly help debugging!

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As of late, Apple has delivered significant updates across virtually every facet of the company. In fact, the tech giant has released 4,000 new APIs to developers; a more aggressive push in cloud services; and changes across its mobile and desktop operating systems.
But, one area of Apple's business that is seriously lacking in function and updates is Apple Maps. Maps are important to Apple because, just as search has been at the heart of how people find their way around the Internet, maps are the key to how many people use their smartphones.
According to Apple, there is a feature in iOS 8 that will give venue owners the ability to add more indoor positioning data. But from what we understand this was far from what Apple had intended. A source told Apple Insider, "There were multiple improvements that didn't make it into iOS8," a source tells us.
After two years of parting ways with Google, Apple is still working on its Maps app. Some key changes included enhanced, more reliable data; more points of interest and better labels to make certain locations like airports, highways and parks easier to find; a cleaner maps interface; and public transit directions.
Further ahead, the report noted plans to integrate augmented reality features to give people images of what was nearby. So, why didn't they appear?
Over the years, Maps have been a sensitive area in Apple's business. It was at the 2012 WWDC that Apple unveiled a new version of its Maps app, but it turned out to be a disastrous move for the company. Unreliable data produced random renderings and bewildered users, and even prompted an apology from CEO Tim Cook with the promise that things would get better.
Apple appears to be taking similar steps to bring search closer to its core business, so there will be two areas to watch to see how the company evolves.


The Story: Hobbit Bilbo Baggins and his dwarf companions travel through Middle Earth to breach the lair of a deadly dragon. The Lowdown: Yet another overlong Tolkien adaptation, this one suffers from a sense of corner-cutting and a lack emotional center or any real dramatic arc.
We're now twelve years, five films and somewhere in the neighborhood of 15 hours into Peter Jackson's J.R.R. Tolkien adaptations. If the edges were starting to fray with last year's The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey, then its follow-up, Desolation of Smaug, shows Jackson's latest sequence of movies slowly unraveling. As the middle film in The Hobbit series, there are the obvious, inherent flaws in construction, namely, that its sole reason for existing is to set up for next year's The Hobbit: There and Back Again. That means this film's big climax is just establishing the even bigger climax of another movie. Judged by itself, there's no dramatic arc to the film. This is something to be expected — and possibly even allowed — if it weren't for the film's other myriad problems.
Much like the middle entry in Jackson's Lord of the Rings trilogy, The Two Towers, Desolation of Smaug lacks any real emotional involvement. The plot can be reduced to one sentence: Hobbit Bilbo Baggins (Martin Freeman) and a group of dwarves travel to a distant mountain to steal a precious gem from a malevolent, surprisingly chatty dragon (voiced by Benedict Cumberbatch). That's fine, but beyond that sentence, the film becomes a massive 160 minutes of fantasy set pieces — a mix of jumbled fight scenes against various CGI beasts — most of which feel rote and uninspired. Martin Freeman is good as our titular protagonist, but he is given few chances to let his personality come through (it's no coincidence that the film works best when it's just him on-screen). All of the dwarves besides Thorin (Richard Armitage), Balin (Ken Stott) and Kili (Aidan Turner) are fairly interchangeable and given nil to do.
For a film so built upon effects and action, The Desolation of Smaug is unfortunately of less-than-the-highest quality. Much of the solid make-up effects of the original Lord of the Rings have been abandoned for computer effects, and the CGI work is surprisingly uneven, often looking cartoonish and flimsy for such a big-budget production. The jailbreak by Bilbo and company is, in theory, a clever bit of action filmmaking, but it feels rushed by Jackson's standards — like an afterthought. Maybe if this sequence didn't remind me so much of the much-superior climax to Gore Verbinski's The Lone Ranger, I could cut it some slack.
Overall, there is a sense that Jackson simply isn't juggling the movie properly and worse — that he's slowly become a less distinct and idiosyncratic filmmaker. Especially with small flashes of that old brilliance — a composition here, a small moment there — this is the most disappointing aspect of Jackson continually plumbing the depths of Tolkien's canon. I, for one, miss Jackson's early heyday making cheap horror films, but even the original Lord of the Rings movies had vestiges of Jackson's signature angles and camera movements. That's all but gone here. Desolation of Smaug — with its sweeping shots of New Zealand backcountry and fantasticated production design — looks like a Tolkien adaptation, not a Peter Jackson film. It's a huge distinction, and one that makes for a well-made film, but with little personality of its own beyond its established fantasy trappings, and a whole lot of been there, done that. Rated PG-13 for extended sequences of intense fantasy action violence, and frightening images.


With the summer holidays fast approaching, parents everywhere are starting to prepare for their biggest juggle of the year.
Arranging six or more weeks of childcare, carefully balanced with work commitments – and perhaps even fitting in a foreign holiday – can take its toll on family units. And the difficulty can be even greater for divorced or separated parents. Aside from disruption to the day-to-day and week-to-week routine of scheduled contact between each parent and their children, the holiday season poses one distinct challenge: can two parents agree that one may take the children abroad without the other?
For either parent to lawfully take their children overseas, they must have the consent of everyone else who has parental responsibility for those children. It is usually the case that a child's two parents hold parental responsibility. And while it might seem straightforward enough to ask the question of your ex-partner, and to get their agreement to you taking your children away, frequently it isn't.
So, here are some suggestions about how best to handle the issue of consent to take children abroad, whichever parent you are.
Let your ex-partner know about your holiday plans as soon as possible. One reason for acting quickly is to avoid a clash of dates, with both of you having earmarked the same week for a summer holiday. Another reason is that if the other parent objects, you will need time to talk everything through with them and see if this leads to them eventually giving their consent.
When things get difficult during or after the separation or divorce process, it's easy to forget that at the centre of it all are young people who are being shaped by the things that are happening around them. I see it every day. Parents, quite understandably, get caught up in all sorts of disagreements and entrenched positions stemming from the relationship and the break-up. And I know that this is easy to say (and far more difficult to do) but try to bring things back to what really matters. In the case of a family that no longer lives together, it's about the children; they have to be the priority.
Don't lose sight of that. You might have valid reasons for not wanting your former partner to take your children on holiday, and those concerns should not be brushed aside (ask me to help). There may be logistical reasons why your children should not go – perhaps they would be missing another significant family event, for example. But if you are withholding consent for any other reason, including that you just don't want the holiday to happen, my advice to you would be to think about things from your children's perspective. As long as you are content that they would be in safe hands and would benefit from the experience, should you really be looking to deny them the opportunity?
Give your ex-partner as much information as possible about: (a) the departure and arrival dates and times; (b) where you will be staying; (c) who else is going with you; (d) what you plan to do while abroad; and (e) how and when your ex-partner will be able to contact your children while you're away.
This will enable your ex to feel included in your plans, and to place trust in you. Concealing details – for example, that your new partner will also be joining you – is unlikely to work in your favour in the long-term, and it could well lead to the souring of your relationship with your ex.
If you are the parent whose consent is being sought, think carefully about how you should handle your ex-partner's request. You never know when you might need him or her to cooperate with your plans at some future point.
That's one reason to be accommodating. Another is that it's just generally good if you and your ex can work together on things that are in the best interests of your children. Again, it's easier said than done in many cases. But give it a go. If you are not happy with the proposed plans, there is nothing to stop you adding a few reasonable provisos. For example, you might consent to the holiday on the understanding that the children sleep in the same hotel room as your ex, rather than staying in an adjoining room.
We all want our children's experiences of the world to be wide-ranging and fulfilling, but it won't usually be a good idea – particularly perhaps in the early days following a divorce or separation – to suggest a holiday in a volatile country or in a place that you know your ex-partner has particular reservations about.
Think about an easier option, by which I mean a holiday that poses as few potential risks as possible. You are far more likely to get your ex-partner's consent to this, and you'll be building a successful track record of solo-holidaying that should stand you in good stead for more happy times – and adventures – in years to come.


Jamie Foxx and Katie Holmes were seen walking together through Central Park earlier this week. Foxx was dressed in all-black while Holmes sported a casual blend of denim and white sneakers. The couple also visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art on their trip to NYC.
Foxx and Holmes are said to be taking their romance more public in recent months.


from 1-2 p.m. Burial at St. John the Evangelist Cemetery, Woodslee to follow. Survivors include his loving wife, Donna Bissonnette; daughters, Kimberly (John) Valverde, Karen Wolter and Katherine (Dale) Collins; son, Robert (Corina) Bissonnette Jr.; brothers, Bernard and Eugene Bissonnette; sisters, Joan Cunningham, Julie Mirander and Michelle Wall; 10 grandchildren. In lieu of flowers contributions may be made in his honor to Life's Journey Hospice at lifesjourney-avon.com or American Cancer Society.


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According to Robert Ayres and Edward Ayres, brothers and co-authors of the recently published book, "Crossing the Energy Divide," the American economy uses energy with only 13 percent efficiency.
This means for every unit of fuel burned, only 13 percent of the potential energy is actually converted as useable output to power machines, and illuminate and heat buildings.
Most of the remaining energy is discarded, typically in the form of waste heat that, with the right application of technology, could be used for electricity generation or space and water heating.
By recycling this waste energy resource, the United States could double the energy efficiency of its economy, which would also effectively double the nation's energy supply. In the process, "we would reduce carbon emissions and boost economic growth during the next several decades," the authors say.
Green Inc. discussed these topics with Robert Ayres, a physicist and environmental economist and professor emeritus at the European Institute of Business Administration.
Excerpts from this conversation follow.
How widespread are the technologies that you describe in the book?
We estimate that 1,000 U.S. companies are producing electricity by harnessing waste-energy streams, but these companies account for only 10 percent of the national waste-stream potential.
For the other 90 percent, why aren't they using this waste energy?
It's not the technology that's the obstacle; it's the regulations. For example, PURPA, [the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978], was intended to encourage the use of co-generation by obligating the utilities to buy energy from outside producers at prices set by the state utility commissions. But because the utilities have such tight control over the regulators, they are able to set the prices so low it becomes uneconomic for most companies to build these projects.
Also, PURPA is federal law with no teeth because it defers to the states to implement the mandate, and not all states have taken an interest.
If the state utility commissions are setting the prices so low, why can't these companies with co-generation systems find another market for their surplus electricity?
Actually, in a number of states, it's illegal to sell electricity to anyone but the utility. And all 50 states have laws making it illegal to cross the streets with wires carrying electricity from anyone other than the area utility. So for many companies, it isn't worth building a co-generation plant because they don't use enough of the electricity, and they can't sell the surplus they create to anyone but the utility at a set price.
Our estimates show we could save 20 percent of the industrial energy we are using now just by breaking the utility monopoly that prevents it.
What are some of the most inefficient uses of burning fossil fuels?
Using fossil fuels to produce only heat is extremely wasteful because you can easily get heat as a by-product of producing electricity.
Using combined heat and power systems, or C.H.P., for example, you can produce electricity in small power plants in apartment buildings, hospitals, schools or commercial buildings. By not getting your electricity from the utility's large steam generation plant, you save the transmission losses (usually about 10 percent), and you also can use the captured heat for space or water heating in the buildings. A C.H.P. plant can reach 50 to 80 percent efficiency.
Over the next 20 years, we should eliminate the use of fossil fuels for producing only heat, but we need greater investments in this area. Unfortunately, the Recovery Act provided little support for energy recycling or C.H.P.
We also support legislation to require utilities and electric power–distribution companies to purchase an increasing percentage of power from decentralized C.H.P. and other small private-power sources. But as an economist, I would prefer a system where the price is set by the market rather than by a legislature.
What else will need to change to get businesses to become more energy efficient?
The biggest problem with industry today is the obsession with growth over other types of investments. They think if they grow bigger then that will take care of profits.
Profits will come with size and less competition. So they are less focused on becoming competitive, but more focused on eliminating competition. They miss a lot of opportunities for energy conservation, which could be quite profitable.
And the banks are more inclined to loan money for projects that involve expansion, especially if they can have the security of a building or other hard asset. They are less interested in loaning money for energy efficiency measures that can reduce costs.
I think this is another important reason why energy efficiency hasn't taken off like it should. If we are serious about increasing the economic productivity we get from the energy we use, we are going to need to change this type of thinking.


text:
Евдоксий () е патриарх на Константинопол от 360 г. до 370 г. Преди това е владика на Германика (Комагена) и на Антиохия. Той е влиятелен радикален арианин.

Евдоксий учи в Антиохия, след 330 г. става владика на Германика (Комагена) и по това време става привърженик на умереното крило в арианската партия на Евсевий Никомидийски.

Евдоксий участва в църковния събор в Антиохия (341 г.), на църковния събор Сердика (342 г.) и на църковния събор в Милано (355 г.).
През 358 г. става патриарх на Антиохия. Констанций II го сваля от поста му и го изпраща обратно в родината му, заради неговото поддържане на арианите Аеций Антиохийски и Евномий.
След отказа му от радикалния арианизъм, императорът го назначава на 27 януари 360 г. за владика на Константинопол.
През 366 г. Евдоксий кръщава император Валент и има голямо влияние върху неговата добронамерена арианска политика.

Източници
 Athanasius von Alexandria, ad Solit. in Patr. Gk. xxvi. 572, 219, 589, 274, 580, 713, 601;
 Epiphanius von Salamis, de Haeres. lxxiii. 2
 H. E. ii. 16, 38, 40, etc.
 Hilarius von Poitiers, de Synod., Patr. Lat. x. 471, etc.
 Liber contr. Const. Imp. §§ 665, 680, 573, etc.
 Sozomenus, H. E. iv. 26
 Socrates Scholasticus, H. E. ii. 19, 37, 40, 43
 Theodoret, H. E. ii. 25; Haer. Fab. iv. 3
 Theophanes, Chronogr. § 38; Niceph. Callist. H. E. xi. 4

Външни препратки
 Евдоксий Антиохийски. В: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL)

Византийски богослови
Константинополски архиепископи


Peter Lanyon is one of Britain's most important Post-War artists, but curiously he has never become a household name. This is probably because of his untimely early death in 1964 after a gliding accident.
Ironically, it was Lanyon's love of gliding that prompted some of his most radical work. Combining multiple perspectives over air, sea and land along the coast of his native Cornwall in his compositions, Lanyon essentially reinvented the tradition of landscape painting. Now, the Courtauld Gallery stages the first ever exhibition devoted entirely to the artist's gliding paintings - one that fans of modernism will adore.
After returning from World War II in 1945, Lanyon established himself as part of the St Ives' Penrith Society, led by superstar artist couple Ben Nicholson and Barbara Hepworth. Lanyon, who was a generation younger than Nicholson and Hepworth, was uncomfortable at the way the society insisted its members should declare themselves either abstract or representational. He reacted against definition and sought to develop his own visual language that captured the rugged Cornish landscape which he loved.
When Lanyon began gliding seriously in 1959, he attempted to incorporate the fascinating juxtaposition of the human body with the windswept cliffs and sea into his landscape paintings. His work, influenced in part by Abstract Expressionism, adopted a fluidity that was emboldened by the swirling movements and currents which propelled him through the air.
This Courtauld exhibition captures the soaring freedom of Lanyon's finest work, and gives the gliding paintings their long awaited moment in the spotlight. There is a real sense of dynamism in these works. Capturing the energy and unpredictability of a glider in motion, they offer the viewer a visceral thrill. Landscape and seascape become entangled in meshes of colour. Set alongside these stunning paintings are a series of sculptures: innovative abstract models which further explore the perspectival insights offered by flight.
The curation is careful and illuminating, drawing out the relations between flight, emotion, and eroticism. It is a wonderful exhibition, and one which brings to light an unduly neglected body of work.
Peter Lanyon, according to St Ives legend, used to relieve himself against the wall of Ben Nicholson and Barbara Hepworth's house every time he passed it along the coastal path, in the hope that it would cause it to fall down. Lanyon, who was the only Cornish member of the Penrith Society, was apparently at loggerheads with the older artists over what he felt were their controlling ways.