text:
Home The Beats Criminal Justice Why death penalty abolitionists hit the snooze button in Colorado this year
Why death penalty abolitionists hit the snooze button in Colorado this year
Corey Hutchins
Activists working to put a stop to Colorado's death penalty have decided not to push a legislative agenda this year. Capital punishment advocates are moving forward to make it easier for prosecutors to secure a death sentence.
One day in early December, a group of about two dozen activists, academics, lawyers, funders, and others gathered at the First Baptist Church in downtown Denver. Lawmakers were about to return to the Capitol for another year of legislative pugilism, and the meeting was set up to strategize about an issue the group had been working on for years: How to get rid of the death penalty in Colorado.
In the spring, lawmakers next door in conservative Nebraska had voted to abolish capital punishment, overriding Gov. Pete Ricketts veto, and becoming the first conservative state to do so in four decades. But a measure to thwart abolition hit Nebraska's ballot soon after. Funded by that state's governor and his father, the ballot measure has put the issue on hold for Nebraska voters to decide later this year.
Meanwhile, within the borders of our own square state, jurors in August decided not to sentence the killer in the Aurora theater shooting to death because they couldn't reach a unanimous verdict. Not long after, a different jury chose to give a man convicted of killing five people in Fero's Bar and Grill in Denver life in prison instead of lethal injection. Then, in December, a gunman had shouted out in a Colorado Springs courtroom that he was guilty of slaughtering three people at a Planned Parenthood clinic, perhaps setting the stage for yet another made-for-TV death penalty trial against the backdrop of the Rockies.
It was around the time of the Colorado Springs rampage that a conservative Nebraska legislator named Colby Coash would travel to Colorado. His charge: Meet one-on-one and in groups with Republican lawmakers here to explain the success of repeal in Nebraska, and to talk about his personal Road to Damascus moment when he'd attended an execution rally outside a prison in college. On the pro-death side of the rally, he told lawmakers, he recalled a raucous bacchanal complete with fireworks, a band, and whoops and hollers as a clock counted down toward the execution. On the other side of the rally, people prayed silently and soberly in protest. That night, Coash saw an ugliness to state-sponsored execution that he didn't want to be a part of.
In an interview, Coash told The Colorado Independent that he left his meetings with Colorado lawmakers feeling like he'd given them some new things to think about when it comes to the conservative argument for ending capital punishment.
"My hope for Colorado is that they will follow Nebraska's lead … and see the death penalty in the same way Nebraska saw the death penalty, which is a broken, inefficient government program that just doesn't need to be on the books anymore," he said.
'Quite divided'
By the time of their December meeting, with the legislative session just around the corner, some of the anti-death penalty allies felt the time was ripe to get behind a big push to repeal capital punishment in Colorado once and for all. If, of course, lawmakers saw an opportunity to do so this year. After all, 2016 is an election year in a split-partisan Capitol when each member of the House is up for re-election along with half the Senate.
"The group was quite divided about whether this was the right time or not," says Stacy Anderson who runs Colorado's anti-death penalty Better Priorities Initiative.
There were essentially three camps.
In one camp was Bob Autobee, the father of a prison guard who was killed in 2002 by an inmate already in prison for the death of his 11-month-old daughter. Autobee, a former corrections officer himself whose life unravelled after his son's murder, originally supported the death penalty for his son's killer, Edward Montour. But over the years, Autobee refound religion and became an ardent opponent of capital punishment. He's forgiven the man who fatally bashed his son's head with a giant soup ladle, and even protested outside the courthouse telling potential jurors in Montour's case, "My son wouldn't want the death penalty."
Autobee doesn't want to see any time wasted in the legislature or at the ballot box. So he made his case at December's meeting to support a repeal bill he hoped lawmakers would introduce and try to pass by the end of the legislative session this spring.
In an interview with The Colorado Independent, Autobee said he doesn't know if he has "10 good years left," and is sick of playing the waiting game.
"My point is we've got to do it now and we've got to do it loud and hard," he says, noting he doesn't see the point in putting legislative efforts on hold. "We've waited too long."
Also at that meeting was Jeremy Sheets, an exoneree who spent four years on death row in Nebraska before the Supreme Court there overturned his conviction in 2000.
He now lives in Aurora and wears a shirt almost every day urging people to talk to him about his experience as a death row survivor. He wants immediate action on abolition and was frustrated at the meeting by the presence of some who were there from out of state and were suggesting they all cool their heels a bit because one lawmaker or another isn't ready. At the time, Sheets remembers thinking: Why are you even wasting my time asking me to come here if you're just going to try and tell me not to do anything?
"I'm kind of frustrated with what's going on— that there is really nothing much going on," Sheets told The Independent.
His view: "We have to keep pushing to end the death penalty."
In another camp were people like Michael Radelet, a professor at the University of Colorado at Boulder who studies the death penalty and takes the long view — a very long view — on abolition. The professor had earlier predicted that if Nebraska's legislature scrapped the death penalty, the issue would come right back on the 2016 presidential-election-year ballot. The chances, he believes, are good that voters in November might send abolition down in flames, setting the movement back who knows how long.
Radelet isn't one for quick fixes.
"I oppose the death penalty, and I think that to try to abolish the death penalty this year or next year would be the dumbest thing in the world for death penalty abolitionists," he told The Independent.
At December's meeting, Radelet made his case for putting the issue on hold this year. He believes public opinion in Colorado right now is just about split between death and life without parole. An election-year bill to repeal capital punishment, he believes, would increase the likelihood of a ballot measure aimed at keeping the death penalty in place. His concern: an effort by death penalty proponents — police and prosecutors, among others— would wage a well-funded campaign to keep capital punishment on the books at a time when the Colorado electorate has yet to reach a tipping point on abolition. Public opinion just isn't there yet for a confident win for abolitionists at the ballot box, he asserted.
Instead, Radelet would rather see Democratic Gov. John Hickenlooper commute the two-and-a-half sentences for the three inmates currently on death row. Hickenlooper has already given a temporary reprieve to one, Nathan Dunlap. Fully commuting Dunlap's sentence and those of Sir Mario Owens and Robert Ray would, in effect, push forward the next scheduled execution about two decades. By then, public opinion will shift in abolition's favor, Radelet believes.
"We know the direction that public opinion is going in," he says. "It's going firmly against the death penalty."
Colorado hasn't executed anyone since 1997. The last time a jury unanimously sent someone to death was in 2008. Because of how long these cases drag out in Colorado's justice system, some death penalty opponents argue the state already has de facto abolition.
Hickenlooper has no plans to commute sentences at this time, says his spokeswoman Kathy Green.
In the third camp at December's meeting were those on the fence between pushing immediately for abolition and waiting until after the election year. One of them was Carla Turner who runs Coloradans for Alternatives to the Death Penalty.
"I feel divided," she says about it now. "I really see the reason on both sides."
Ultimately, some in the group left the meeting that day in December feeling ambivalent.
If a lawmaker were to introduce a repeal bill when the session started this month, they'd support it. If not, well, they'd continue their work outside the legislature, educating the public, holding forums, and generally tilling the soil of public opinion in a way they hope some day will better the conditions for their cause.
'The opposing team is going full speed ahead'
Fast forward to this week, and no one has come forward with a repeal bill in the legislature.
Hickenlooper told reporters at the start of the session he would not support one this year, though he believes Coloradans are moving in the direction of repeal. Democratic Minority Leader Lucia Guzman said she would not sponsor a repeal bill this year even though she'll work to fight for abolition over the next few years she's in the Senate.
Over lunch on a recent Wednesday at his office across the street from the Capitol, Denver Democratic Sen. Pat Steadman said he's disappointed in the lack of legislative effort.
"I thought we were going to do it this year, or at least make a good run at it," he said.
But at the start of the session, legislative leaders, advocates, political consultants and funders had all circled the wagons and basically told him and others they were hitting the snooze button.
For his part, Autobee says he plans to start picketing outside the Capitol just to let the political class know he's not going anywhere.
"Every minute we waste is putting us further behind because the opposing team is going full speed ahead," he says.
Indeed they are.
Last week, Republican Sen. Kevin Lundberg of the Loveland area dropped something of a bombshell. He introduced a bill that would make it easier for juries in Colorado to put people to death.
Currently, all 12 jurors in a death penalty case must unanimously decide on a death sentence. Lundberg's bill, if passed, would make it so only 9 out of the 12 jurors would be enough. The move was in direct response to the recent non-unanimous jury verdicts in the Aurora theater shooting trial and the Fero's bar killing trial over the summer, Lundberg says. Five other Republican supporters are on the bill. No Democrats currently support it.
In an interview with The Independent, Lundberg said he came up with the idea on his own and hadn't talked to the District Attorneys Council before he filed the bill. He said he isn't totally set on nine jurors, either. Maybe it could be 10 or 11, but no fewer than nine. He just doesn't think one juror should poison the well in a death penalty trial.
"Part of what I'm trying to do is say 'Let's look at it, let's talk about it, let's determine what should be occurring here,'" he said. "If the policy is that the death penalty is appropriate for the worst of crimes, then a jury should not be composed of people who disagree with that basic point. And yet a juror could misrepresent their views until they get to that point, and I'm saying I don't think one juror should skew that principle."
Death penalty opponents were quick to point out a particular irony: It would still take a unanimous jury to convict someone for driving under the influence or for shoplifting in Colorado, but not to sentence someone to death.
Doug Wilson, the head of the State Public Defender's Office, said he'd been expecting such a bill to drop this session. He's not so sure it would pass constitutional muster.
"If it were to pass, they will once again jeopardize their death convictions and death verdicts as they did when we had three-judge sentencing as opposed to jury sentencing," he said. In 1995 lawmakers changed the law so a three-judge panel could decide a death sentence, but that was deemed unconstitutional less than a decade later, and now only juries can deliver execution verdicts.
Meanwhile, in the lower chamber, Republican Rep. Kim Ransom of Douglas County told The Independent she's considering a bill that would give prosecutors a do-over with a new jury if they fail to win a death penalty verdict with the first.
A statewide conversation
With no proposed legislation to roll back capital punishment this year, people with loud voices on the other side of the issue have been making noise.
One of them is George Brauchler.
Brauchler is the 18 Judicial District Attorney who prosecuted the Aurora theater shooting trial last year. For years, long before Brauchler took office, the 18th Judicial District had been a hub for death penalty prosecutions, something he calls a historical anomaly.
Once the Aurora theater trial ended in August and the national reporters went away, Brauchler's profile did not diminish. In the weeks after the trial, Republicans courted him to get in the GOP primary so he could take on Democratic U.S. Sen. Michael Bennet who is up for re-election this year. In late September, Brauchler announced that he would pass on the U.S. Senate race, but he still remains a prominent political figure beyond his stature as a suburban prosecutor.
In December, Robert Sanchez of Denver's 5280 magazine profiled Brauchler for a multi-page feature that called him "Colorado's most visible proponent of capital punishment." Among other personal details, the article examined how Brauchler's support of the death penalty runs up against his Catholicism.
In a recent interview with The Colorado Independent, Brauchler said he did not feel Coloradans have had a substantial statewide conversation about the death penalty. This is despite two death penalty trials over the summer, and a 2014 gubernatorial race that at times seemed to revolve solely around the fate of Nathan Dunlap, the man who in 1993 murdered several people in a Chuck-E-Cheese and to whom Hickenlooper gave a temporary reprieve. Once a pro-death penalty governor, Hickenlooper has since come out against it after immersing himself in research as Dunlap's execution date neared. In his executive order granting the Dunlap reprieve, the Governor wrote that the "Repeal of the death penalty ought to be raised with the people of Colorado and not just their elected representatives." That's when he called for a statewide conversation on the issue.
Nearly three years — and one re-election — later, some on both sides of the issue say that conversation hasn't happened.
"My guess is the only person having this conversation is the guy you're talking to right now … Nobody else is having this conversation," Brauchler said. "In what way has this conversation taken place? If it's the vote of a single juror in Aurora theater and a single juror in Fero's bar and therefore we've had a public discussion about it, that's nonsense. That's ridiculous."
In the weeks prior to the start of the latest legislative session, Brauchler said he expected a repeal bill to come up this year. And if it did, similar to what's happening next door in Nebraska, Brauchler said he would like voters to decide whether to keep or scrap capital punishment at the ballot box this year. That, he says, would be a real conversation.
"I'd want to participate in the information part of that and say 'Look, here's why I think the death penalty is appropriate to have and why [in] Colorado— unlike maybe Texas, Georgia, Kentucky and others— we use it the right way," he said. "I mean, we don't drag it out for murders of one in most cases. We don't drag it out for routine murders."
On the other side of Brauchler on the death penalty debate is Doug Wilson, who runs the State Public Defender's Office and oversees the attorneys who represented Aurora theater shooter James Holmes and now the admitted Planned Parenthood shooter, Robert Dear. Lately, Wilson and Brauchler have been locking horns, sniping at each other in the press and on social media, largely about one key aspect of any informed conversation about the death penalty— how much it's costing Colorado taxpayers.
In response to dozens of open records requests from media, Wilson's office has released an aggregate figure showing how much it spent on capital cases— $6.3 million on 10 cases since 2002— but didn't break them down by case. Wilson says he's ethically bound not to divulge information about particular cases. Brauchler says that seems "silly." But the two agree on one thing: The public has no idea how much Colorado taxpayers spend on trying to carry out capital punishment — and not enough people are talking about it.
To find out the true costs of the death penalty in Colorado will likely take a lot of open records requests, perhaps even a lawsuit. But there could be another way.
Wilson says he'd like to see lawmakers this session convene a legislative hearing. That process could happen formally or informally. It could come in the form of an existing committee or a new select committee set up by leadership specifically to deal with this issue. Committee members could invite all the stakeholders to the table: prosecutors, public defenders, agency employees from the departments of Corrections, Human Resources, Public Safety and others, staffers from the attorney general's office, local law enforcement, the Colorado Bureau of Investigation, members of the judicial department — whoever. They could bring in every government entity involved in dealing with death penalty cases (or just a specific case) to ask about particular costs.
In Colorado, committees can obtain subpoena power and can put people under oath, but it's not necessarily easy and is rarely done. To issue a subpoena for someone to testify before a committee would require approval from the General Assembly.
'Live From Death Row'
Whether such a committee will convene in the absence of a death penalty repeal bill this year remains to be seen, though some in the abolition movement are pushing for it. In the meantime, they plan to keep a conversation going as best they can.
Carla Turner, who directs Coloradans for Alternatives to the Death Penalty, a nonprofit educational campaign, is working with the Better Priorities Initiative, which is dedicated to ending capital punishment, on a string of public forums beginning next month.
In February, the groups will kick off a 'State of the Death Penalty' lecture series on the third Wednesday of each month when they'll talk about combating bad legislation, work on figuring out how to uncover the hidden costs of capital punishment in Colorado, and the possibility of pushing for a statewide commission or task force on the issue.
In March, the groups are planning an event called 'Live From Death Row' in partnership with the Jesuit Regis University. A panel of experts will give a presentation along with family members of murder victims, and they hope to schedule a call-in from a death row inmate, though not from Colorado.
For Radelet, the University of Colorado professor, more education on the issue and no executions scheduled for the near term is the best hope for abolition.
"There are many kind Coloradans who think the solution is to go out tomorrow and abolish the death penalty," he says. "And I think if we did that it would come back and bite us in the ass."
Photo credit: Abd allah Foteih, Creative Commons, Flickr.]
*A previous version of this story misidentified the university where a professor taught.
George Brauchler
Hutchins teaches journalism at Colorado College and writes about media for Columbia Journalism Review's United States Project
Here are five hot spots of the 2020 legislative session


Feel the pulse of Massachusetts, in the Boston area and beyond, as you go on tours, see attractions and get outside.
From the stunning Boston skyline to the thrilling whitewater rivers, you will never be bored traveling this state. Go on an exciting tour of the Boston Harbor, see a legendary performance, fly a 737 airplane or get your adrenaline pumping as you raft through the rapids. No matter what your adventure, you can find it in Massachusetts.
Experience the charm of the Boston Harbor as you sail in a traditional tall ship, an old-fashioned schooner with large sails and two masts. Hoist the sails, take the helm and sip cocktails while you admire the stunning Boston skyline and harbor. Take your pick of four experiences, including a day sail, brunch sail, sunset sail, and a rum and revelry sail. Liberty Fleet even gives you the opportunity to spend the night on the decks of the fleet while anchored in the Boston Harbor.
Hop aboard a World War II-style amphibious landing vehicle, nicknamed "DUCK," and journey around Boston on a fun and interesting narrated tour. You'll see many Boston landmarks, including the golden-domed State House, Bunker Hill, Boston Common, Prudential Tower, Quincy Market and much more. The end of your trip is marked by a "Splashdown," where the vehicle literally enters the Charles River for a riverside view of the beautiful Boston skyline.
Experience the best of Boston when you take an Old Town Trolley tour. Hop on the trolley and see Downton, Beacon Hill, Back Bay, the Theater District and the Waterfront District. See a place you want to explore further? Simply hop off the trolley and resume your ride later at one of 19 trolley stops. This sightseeing excursion offers double-decker views with three tour packages to choose from: Ghost and Gravestones Night, Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum, and the Old Town Trolley Tour.
The popular performance arts group performs in over 20 countries and has been seen by more than 35 million people around the world since 1991. The show is a dynamic combination of art, music, comedy and technology. This unique, multisensory experience is continually refreshed with new music, stories and instruments so even if you've seen a Blue Man Group performance before, chances are you haven't seen this one. The Boston show in the Charles Playhouse in the heart of the Theater District.
You're in the captain's seat and at the controls of a Boeing 737-800 airplane at Flight Experience Boston. This immersive flight simulator uses the latest technology as you take off, cruise and land the plane. You'll be accompanied by a trained flight instructor with a real pilot's license who will lead you through the thrilling experience, which is in Burlington, north of Boston. Choose from thousands of real-life airports, create your own flight route and take off in a simulated flight experience that is unlike any other.
Choose from five white-water rafting experiences, from easy to advanced, in full- or half-day adventures on beautiful rivers in the northern Berkshire Mountains of western Massachusetts. Whether you're looking for an easy paddle in a kayak, or to fly through the rapids for a bouncy, thrilling ride, CrabApple Whitewater has a trip that's perfect for you. Each outing includes a picnic lunch or snack and a knowledgeable and experienced guide. When you're done on the rapids, stay at the base camp, where you can relax in a hot tub, dine in the restaurant and spend the night in a comfortable room.


text:
New Results of Strike Action in Belchatow
Anonim, czw., 04/12/2014 - 10:24
Tagged: English
Over 100 people have received two year work contracts as cleaners and food servers in Belchatow hospital. This work was sent to outside companies some while ago and the outside companies started downsizing and putting people on trash contracts where workers were not entitled to paid vacations, sick leave or even a legal minimum wage.
At the end of April, the new contractor who had won the tender, did not accept the transfer of all workers, although it is obligatory under the labour code. 60 people were suddenly without a job, without any notice. Instead, new workers were hired on trash contracts. Members of our union in Belchatow struggled for 3 months, occupying the hospital and organizing different protest actions. As a result, a new contractor was found and all of them were hired on normal work contacts, with all due benefits and a guaranteed miminum wage.
Problems happened again in October, when people lost their jobs and the workers were supposed to do more work to cover. At the same time, some people were forced to work 200 hours a month and the company introduced more trash contracts. Some workers were now receiving less than half the minimum wage or even lower salaries, with absolutely no benefits or guarantees.
On November 3, 130 workers went on strike, demanding reinstatement of their colleagues and other changes. The company agreed to many of the demands, to rehire people and increase the amount of staff.
Now it turns out that a larger group of people where given normal work contacts. But not everybody has acted in an organized way, and trash contracts are still being used – probably for as much as a third of the staff.
We consider these real improvements in getting back normal working conditions to be a result of the determined action of the union. However, the situation is not ideal. The contract through the public tender will only last 2 more years, so that is the length of the contract. According to the law, these employees are automatically transfered to the next service provider, but as we see, companies routinely break this law, often with no consequences. But members of the union are also fighting in court to get what they were owed from the time they were, according to their former employer, "not employed".
There is also the very big question of the workers still on trash contracts, who haven't organized themselves to demand normal work contracts and did not want to strike with that demand. We hope that this situation can change in the future.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.
L. Santhana Raj, Hiang Lian Hing, Baharudin Omar, Z. Teh Hamidah, R. Aida Suhana, C. P. Nor Asiha, B. Vimala, S. Paramsarvaran, G. Sumarni, K. Hanjeet
Mesosomes of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 treated with antibiotics were examined morphologically under the electron microscope. The Transmission Electron Microscope Rapid Method was used to eliminate the artifacts due to sample processing. Mesosomes were seen in all the antibiotic treated bacteria and not in the control group. The main factor that contributes to the formation of mesosomes in the bacteria was the mode of action of the antibiotics. The continuous cytoplasmic membrane with infolding (mesosomes) as in the S. aureus ATCC 25923 is therefore confirmed as a definite pattern of membrane organization in gram positive bacteria assaulted by amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and oxacillin antibiotics. Our preliminary results show oxacillin and vancomycin treated bacteria seemed to have deeper and more mesosomes than those treated with amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the deep invagination and the number of mesosomes formed is associated with the types of antibiotic used.
Tropical Biomedicine
Oxacillin
Amikacin
Gentamicins
Santhana Raj, L., Hing, H. L., Omar, B., Teh Hamidah, Z., Aida Suhana, R., Nor Asiha, C. P., ... Hanjeet, K. (2007). Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Tropical Biomedicine, 24(1), 105-109.
Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. / Santhana Raj, L.; Hing, Hiang Lian; Omar, Baharudin; Teh Hamidah, Z.; Aida Suhana, R.; Nor Asiha, C. P.; Vimala, B.; Paramsarvaran, S.; Sumarni, G.; Hanjeet, K.
In: Tropical Biomedicine, Vol. 24, No. 1, 06.2007, p. 105-109.
Santhana Raj, L, Hing, HL, Omar, B, Teh Hamidah, Z, Aida Suhana, R, Nor Asiha, CP, Vimala, B, Paramsarvaran, S, Sumarni, G & Hanjeet, K 2007, 'Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.', Tropical Biomedicine, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 105-109.
Santhana Raj L, Hing HL, Omar B, Teh Hamidah Z, Aida Suhana R, Nor Asiha CP et al. Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Tropical Biomedicine. 2007 Jun;24(1):105-109.
Santhana Raj, L. ; Hing, Hiang Lian ; Omar, Baharudin ; Teh Hamidah, Z. ; Aida Suhana, R. ; Nor Asiha, C. P. ; Vimala, B. ; Paramsarvaran, S. ; Sumarni, G. ; Hanjeet, K. / Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. In: Tropical Biomedicine. 2007 ; Vol. 24, No. 1. pp. 105-109.
@article{53a2fa10506248fcb5c648968cbc9dc1,
title = "Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.",
abstract = "Mesosomes of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 treated with antibiotics were examined morphologically under the electron microscope. The Transmission Electron Microscope Rapid Method was used to eliminate the artifacts due to sample processing. Mesosomes were seen in all the antibiotic treated bacteria and not in the control group. The main factor that contributes to the formation of mesosomes in the bacteria was the mode of action of the antibiotics. The continuous cytoplasmic membrane with infolding (mesosomes) as in the S. aureus ATCC 25923 is therefore confirmed as a definite pattern of membrane organization in gram positive bacteria assaulted by amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and oxacillin antibiotics. Our preliminary results show oxacillin and vancomycin treated bacteria seemed to have deeper and more mesosomes than those treated with amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the deep invagination and the number of mesosomes formed is associated with the types of antibiotic used.",
author = "{Santhana Raj}, L. and Hing, {Hiang Lian} and Baharudin Omar and {Teh Hamidah}, Z. and {Aida Suhana}, R. and {Nor Asiha}, {C. P.} and B. Vimala and S. Paramsarvaran and G. Sumarni and K. Hanjeet",
journal = "Tropical Biomedicine",
publisher = "Malaysian Society of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine",
T1 - Mesosomes are a definite event in antibiotic-treated Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.
AU - Santhana Raj, L.
AU - Hing, Hiang Lian
AU - Omar, Baharudin
AU - Teh Hamidah, Z.
AU - Aida Suhana, R.
AU - Nor Asiha, C. P.
AU - Vimala, B.
AU - Paramsarvaran, S.
AU - Sumarni, G.
AU - Hanjeet, K.
N2 - Mesosomes of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 treated with antibiotics were examined morphologically under the electron microscope. The Transmission Electron Microscope Rapid Method was used to eliminate the artifacts due to sample processing. Mesosomes were seen in all the antibiotic treated bacteria and not in the control group. The main factor that contributes to the formation of mesosomes in the bacteria was the mode of action of the antibiotics. The continuous cytoplasmic membrane with infolding (mesosomes) as in the S. aureus ATCC 25923 is therefore confirmed as a definite pattern of membrane organization in gram positive bacteria assaulted by amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and oxacillin antibiotics. Our preliminary results show oxacillin and vancomycin treated bacteria seemed to have deeper and more mesosomes than those treated with amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the deep invagination and the number of mesosomes formed is associated with the types of antibiotic used.
AB - Mesosomes of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 treated with antibiotics were examined morphologically under the electron microscope. The Transmission Electron Microscope Rapid Method was used to eliminate the artifacts due to sample processing. Mesosomes were seen in all the antibiotic treated bacteria and not in the control group. The main factor that contributes to the formation of mesosomes in the bacteria was the mode of action of the antibiotics. The continuous cytoplasmic membrane with infolding (mesosomes) as in the S. aureus ATCC 25923 is therefore confirmed as a definite pattern of membrane organization in gram positive bacteria assaulted by amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and oxacillin antibiotics. Our preliminary results show oxacillin and vancomycin treated bacteria seemed to have deeper and more mesosomes than those treated with amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the deep invagination and the number of mesosomes formed is associated with the types of antibiotic used.
JO - Tropical Biomedicine
JF - Tropical Biomedicine


For security reasons, we ask you to uncheck all items, and then use this button if you want to delete the entire ENCA_MU_COI_Draft folder.
The entire ENCA_MU_COI_Draft folder and all its contents will be deleted.
Are you sure you want to delete ENCA_MU_COI_Draft and all its contents?


Make your very own website using WebStarts.com. Easy to use drag and drop interface. Includes hosting, domain name, and design tools. Register your very own website domain and have it automatically configured to work live on the web with your website in minutes.
While WebStarts.com competitors define you to modifying a few lines of text and a couple of images on the same dull template already being used by hundreds of others, WebStarts provides everything you require to build a completely original web design that truly bears the value of your products and services.
WebStarts.com introduces an e-commerce platform that will support your business into the 21st century. You'll surely be able to sell products and accept credit cards online. With your own online shop, you'll finally be able to free yourself from the daily task. Your website will be online in minimal time. Drive massive traffic to your website. Get your site found on Google, Yahoo, and Bing. Your website will be 100% search engine friendly.
WebStarts are a valued market leader in the website building software area. Specializing in creativity and no-limits development, WebStarts have gained respect as one of the most straightforward but powerful products on the market.


The Palo Alto High School boys' tennis team is looking for a decisive win against Los Gatos High School this Thursday after losing to Santa Margarita High School in the California Tennis Classic finals last weekend.
The Vikings competed in the third division at Alta Sierra Intermediate school in Clovis, California last weekend. The loss to Santa Margarita at the California Tennis Classic was disappointing for many team members who had high expectations entering into the tournament.
Sophomore team member Adam Love believes that the team's loss was due to Santa Margarita having better organization than the Vikings. However, according to Love, the team is taking the loss as a learning experience and will use it to improve in the approaching games.
According to sophomore Nathan Ellisen, it is crucial that the team puts up a strong front in its upcoming match.
Senior Jerry Hong echoed this sentiment and said the team stands a chance against Los Gatos.
The Vikings will face off against the Los Gatos Wildcats at 3:30 p.m. on Thursday at Paly.


text:
Julie Atherton is a British actress and singer. On 3 October 2009, she finished portraying the roles of Kate Monster and Lucy the Slut in the West End production of Avenue Q. She released her debut album, A Girl of Few Words, on 2 October 2006. After signing with the Speckulation record label, she released her second album titled No Space for Air in the Summer of 2010. She starred as Sister Mary Robert in the first UK tour of Sister Act: The Musical in 2011. In 2013 she was featured as 'French Teacher' in the world premiere of the musical 'LIFT' by Craig Adams and Ian Watson, at the Soho Theatre. This was followed in 2014 by the title role in 'Thérèse Raquin', again by Craig Adams with Book and Lyrics by Nona Shepphard. After a sold out run at The Finborough Theatre the production transferred to Park Theatre in Finsbury Park. Julie wrapped up a stellar year in 2014 with the release of her third album titled 'Rush of Life', with songs written for her by Craig Adams, Dougal Irvine, Lance Horne, George Maguire and Benedict.

Biography

Training
Atherton grew up in Preston, Lancashire, England and started her training at Cardinal Newman College before moving to Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts. She graduated in 1999. Whilst training at Mountview, she played Fern in Charlotte's Web at the Polka Children's Theatre in Wimbledon, London.

Theatre credits
After her training, she played Iris Bentley in Let Him Have Justice, which she co-wrote. She was later cast in the lead role of Sophie in the West End production of Mamma Mia! (2000), and then as Serena Katz in the national tour of Fame. A season was then spent appearing in Out of This World at the Chichester Festival Theatre and as the Kolokolo Bird in the Stiles and Drewe musical Just So (2004). She was part of the premier of a new musical Ordinary Days at the Finborough Theatre, and Once Upon A Time At The Adelphi at the Liverpool Playhouse from 28 June 2008 to 2 August 2008.

In June 2006, Atherton became part of the original London cast of Avenue Q when the show transferred from Broadway to the Noël Coward Theatre in the West End. She played Kate Monster/Lucy the Slut, and continued playing the role until 1 December 2007. She returned to the production, which had then moved to the Gielgud Theatre, in December 2008 and continued playing her roles until 3 October 2009.
Subsequently in 2009, she created the role of Charlotte in the new musical Through the Door by British composer/lyricist Laurence Mark Wythe and American bookwriter Judy Freed, at the Trafalgar Studios in a West End production. In 2010 she appeared in the musical Tomorrow Morning at the Landor Theatre in South London, the award winning musical by Laurence Mark Wythe.

During the months of February and March 2011, Atherton starred alongside her Avenue Q castmate, Daniel Boys, in Ordinary Days at the Trafalgar Studios. The show was followed by Atherton putting on an intimate sessions concert, joined by various guest singers.

Notes From New York
Atherton is a founding member of the company of Notes From New York, which is a series of shows bringing the works of US composers to the West End stage. She has performed in five of the six Notes From New York shows to date. She appeared in the one off special Christmas in New York, part of the Notes From New York series, which was held at the Lyric Theatre on 9 December 2007. As part of Notes From New York, a production of The Last Five Years was held on three consecutive Sundays from 12 October 2008 at the Theatre Royal Haymarket. It returned again in May 2009 at the Duchess Theatre where it played for one week. She also appeared in Jonathan Larson's tick, tick... BOOM! which played at the Duchess Theatre in 2009, having its West End premiere.

Michael Bruce - Unwritten Songs
Atherton features as a performer on this album with "Portrait of a Princess", which was launched in April on Speckulation's website. The song is also featured on Atherton's website. The song is also available on Michael Bruce - Unwritten Songs, which Atherton has performed live at the Apollo Theatre twice and live in the Delfont room, in London's West End.

Other Ventures
Since leaving Avenue Q, Atherton has starred in various productions such as Ordinary Days. She has performed at the Great British Musical show in the West End. Atherton has also performed in West End Live, a showcase which takes place the third weekend in June.

Then, in her largest solo performance, Atherton performed at the Apollo Theatre in London on 26 June. Atherton performed hits from her second CD as well as reuniting and performing with Kate Monster and Daniel Boys, and appearing with special guests Richard Fleeshman, Michael Bruce, Lance Horne, and Tom Parsons on guitar.

From 29 September 2011, Atherton played the role of Sister Mary Robert in the first UK tour of Sister Act the Musical. Sister Act toured throughout the UK and Ireland.

Atherton starred in the new musical, The Opinion Makers alongside Daniel Boys, a coproduction between The Mercury Theatre, Colchester and Derby Theatre.

Atherton was included on the album MS. A Song Cycle, a musical theatre album benefitting the MS Society UK. Her song 'How Can I Tell You' was written by American composer Erin Murray Quinlan, with lyrics co-written by Rory Sherman.

Atherton recently starred as Janet Majors in the world premiere stage production of Shock Treatment, the musical sequel to The Rocky Horror Picture Show, at the King's Head Theatre Pub in Islington, followed by the world premiere of Pure Imagination.

Atherton is in demand as a concert performer and recently appeared as a headline performer alongside Ruthie Henshall and Aled Jones in Adam Hepkin's The Magic of the Musicals and as part of the Giggin' for Good concert series at the Actor's Church, Covent Garden.

In 2019, Atherton directed Club Mex at Hope Mill Theatre, Manchester.

A Girl of Few Words

Atherton released her first solo album on 3 October 2006. The music was composed by Charles Miller with lyrics by Kevin Hammonds and Adam Bard.
Track Listing
 "A Girl of Few Words"
 "If You Were Mine"
 "Let Me Inside"
 "He Wasn't You"
 "Be Careful"
 "Not Afraid Anymore"
 "Somebody's Falling"
 "Someone Find Me" (featuring Paul Spicer)
 "Clockwork"
 "Heaven Knows"
 "Home"
 "You Know How to Love Me"

No Space for Air

In June 2010, Atherton released her second studio album, No Space for Air. Described as a unique and groundbreaking album for the Spring Awakening and Lady Gaga generation, No Space for Air features material from Alanis Morissette, Skunk Anansie and Stephen Sondheim.

Track Listing
 "Weak"
 "Blind"
 "Lost in Translations"
 "Crawling"
 "Never Saw Blue Like That"
 "Broken Wings"
 "Losing My Mind"
 "Leather"
 "Silent Whispers"
 "Anywhere But Here"
 "Encore"
 "Annie's Song" (Hidden Track)

There's a Fine Fine Line

In June 2010, Atherton released the song "There's a Fine, Fine Line" from Avenue Q as a single. The single was a thank-you to her fans from that show.

Track Listing
 "There's a Fine Fine Line"
 Digital Booklet

Rush of Life
In November 2014, Atherton released her most personal studio album to date, Rush of Life, featuring songs written for her by Dougal Irvine, Craig Adams, Lance Horne, George Maguire and Benedict.

Track Listing
 "Trail of Behaviour" (featuring John Dagleish)
 "I Can't Make You Love Me"
 "Planet Me"
 "My Own"
 "Rush of Life"
 "Somebody New"
 "Your Body" (featuring George Maguire)
 "Say Something"
 "Whoever You Are" <small>(Hidden Track) written by julie atherton

References

External links
 Julie Atherton's Homepage
 Julie's Debut Album at Makingrecords.co.uk
 Notes From New York
Credits on broadwayworld.com

Alumni of the Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts
British actresses
British musical theatre actresses
Living people
British stage actresses
1978 births

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Kara Monaco (born February 26, 1983) is an American model. She was chosen as Playmate of the Month by Playboy magazine in June 2005. She appeared on the cover of the June 2006 issue of Playboy as the 2006 Playmate of the Year.

Early life
Kara Monaco was born on February 26, 1983, in Lakeland, Florida. She worked as a bartender, modeled swimwear and was a lingerie model. Monaco is a former competitive gymnast, and has spent time as a dance team coach in addition to her fitness video work. She also worked at Disney World, where she was one of the performers who portrayed Cinderella and Snow White in the resort. She is related to fellow model and April 1997 Playboy Playmate Kelly Monaco. She is Kelly's cousin.

Career

Monaco has appeared in various reality television series, such as The Girls Next Door, Keeping Up with the Kardashians and Big Brother 14.  Besides her Playmate appearance, she has been a part of various other Playboy related media, such as the 2006 Playmates at Play swimsuit calendar and Playboy Special Edition Girls of Summer.

Monaco appeared in FHM and Men's Fitness magazines. Her connection with Playboy began when she chosen as one of "Playboy's Sexiest Bartenders 2004" and she appeared on the cover of Playboy Special Edition Girls of Summer in August 2004. Later, Monaco was chosen as Playmate of the Month by Playboy magazine for June 2005. That same year, she participated in a home video fitness program, Envy, under the name "Vala" (the "V" in "Envy"), and acted together with C.J. Gibson, sister of Playmate Raquel Gibson. In June 2006, she was chosen as Playmate of the Year and later appeared in episodes of the E! reality television series The Girls Next Door which followed the lives of Playboy creator Hugh Hefner and his girlfriends.

In 2006, Monaco also appeared in the game show Identity and the television film Sideliners.  She also appeared in the 2006 "Playmates at Play" swimsuit calendar. In 2007, Monaco appeared in three episodes of Up Close with Carrie Keagan; an episode of Model Dating: Hawaii; and on an episode of Jimmy Kimmel Live!, portraying Miss America for a skit. Branching off from reality television, Monaco portrayed Michelle in two episodes of the soap opera Passions. Monaco continued to make guest appearances in The Girls Next Door throughout 2007 and 2008. In 2008, she appeared in three episodes of another reality show, Mind of a Model.

On July 4, 2012, Monaco was revealed to be one of 16 houseguests participating in the fourteenth edition of the reality competition series Big Brother. Monaco was mentored by Big Brother 10 winner Dan Gheesling. She was evicted from the show on July 19 which was Day 13 in the house. Monaco was the second person evicted, coming in 15th place.

References

External links

1983 births
Glamour models
Living people
People from Lakeland, Florida
People from Orlando, Florida
2000s Playboy Playmates
Playboy Playmates of the Year
Big Brother (American TV series) contestants
Lake Brantley High School alumni


text:
The Lighthouse of Alexandria, sometimes called the Pharos of Alexandria (; Ancient Greek: ὁ Φάρος τῆς Ἀλεξανδρείας, contemporary Koine ), was a lighthouse built by the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Ancient Egypt, during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (280–247 BC). It has been estimated to have been at least  in overall height. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, for many centuries it was one of the tallest man-made structures in the world.

The lighthouse was severely damaged by three earthquakes between 956 and 1323 AD and became an abandoned ruin. It was the third-longest surviving ancient wonder, after the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus and the extant Great Pyramid of Giza, surviving in part until 1480, when the last of its remnant stones were used to build the Citadel of Qaitbay on the site.

In 1994, a team of French archaeologists dove into the water of Alexandria's Eastern Harbour and discovered some remains of the lighthouse on the sea floor. In 2016 the Ministry of State of Antiquities in Egypt had plans to turn submerged ruins of ancient Alexandria, including those of the Pharos, into an underwater museum.

Origin
Pharos was a small island located on the western edge of the Nile Delta. In 332 BC Alexander the Great founded the city of Alexandria on an isthmus opposite Pharos. Alexandria and Pharos were later connected by a mole spanning more than , which was called the Heptastadion ("seven stadia"—a stadion was a Greek unit of length measuring approximately 180 m).
The etymology of "Pharos" is uncertain. The word became generalized in modern Greek (φάρος 'fáros'), and was loaned into Italian ('faro') and French ('phare').

The east side of the mole became the Great Harbour, now an open bay; on the west side lay the port of Eunostos, with its inner basin Kibotos now vastly enlarged to form the modern harbour. Today's city development lying between the present Grand Square and the modern Ras el-Tin quarter is built on the silt which gradually widened and obliterated this mole. The Ras el-Tin promontory, where Ras el-Tin Palace was built in the 19th century, represents all that is left of the island of Pharos, the site of the lighthouse at its eastern point having been weathered away by the sea.

Construction

The lighthouse was constructed in the third century BC. After Alexander the Great died, the first Ptolemy (Ptolemy I Soter) declared himself king in 305 BC, and commissioned its construction shortly thereafter. The building was finished during the reign of his son, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, and took twelve years to complete at a total cost of 800 talents of silver. The light was produced by a furnace at the top, and the tower was said to have been built mostly with solid blocks of limestone and granite.

In his encyclopedic manuscript Geographica, Strabo, who visited Alexandria in the late first century BC, reported that Sostratus of Cnidus had a dedication to the "Saviour Gods" inscribed in metal letters on the lighthouse. Writing in the first century AD, Pliny the Elder stated in his Natural History that Sostratus was the architect, although this conclusion is disputed. In his second century AD educational treatise How to Write History, Lucian claimed that Sostratus hid his name under plaster which bore the name of Ptolemy, so that when the plaster eventually fell off, Sostratus's name would be visible in the stone.

The blocks of sandstone and limestone used in the construction of the lighthouse have been scientifically analysed in order to discover where they originated, with mineralogical and chemical analysis pointing to the Wadi Hammamat quarries, which are located in the desert to the east of Alexandria.

Height and description

Arab descriptions of the lighthouse are consistent despite it undergoing several repairs after earthquake damage. Given heights vary only fifteen percent from  , on a  square base.

The Arab authors indicate that the lighthouse was constructed from large blocks of light-coloured stone. The tower was made up of three tapering tiers: a lower square section with a central core; a middle octagonal section; and, at the top, a circular section. Al-Masudi wrote in the 10th century that the seaward-facing side featured an inscription dedicated to Zeus. Geographer Al-Idrisi visited the lighthouse in 1154 and noted openings in the walls throughout the rectangular shaft with lead used as a filling agent in between the masonry blocks at the base. He reckoned the total height of the lighthouse to be 300 dhira rashashl (162 m).

At its apex was a mirror which reflected sunlight during the day; a fire was lit at night. Extant Roman coins struck by the Alexandrian mint show that a statue of Triton was positioned on each of the building's four corners, and a  statue of Poseidon or Zeus stood atop.

The fullest description of the lighthouse comes from Arab traveler Abou Haggag Youssef Ibn Mohammed el-Balawi el-Andaloussi, who visited Alexandria in 1166 AD. Balawi provided description and measurement of the interior of the lighthouse's rectangular shaft. The inner ramp was described as roofed with masonry at 7 shibr (189 cm, 6.2 ft) noted as to allow two horsemen to pass at once. In clockwise rotation, the ramp held four stories with eighteen, fourteen, and seventeen rooms on the second, third, and fourth floors, respectively.

Balawi accounted the base of the lighthouse to be 45 ba (30 m, 100 ft) long on each side with connecting ramp 600 dhira (300 m, 984 ft) long by 20 dhira (10 m, 32 ft) wide. The octangle section is accounted at 24 ba (16.4 m, 54 ft) in width, and the diameter of the cylindrical section is accounted at 12.73 ba (8.7 m, 28.5 ft). The apex of the lighthouse's oratory was measured with diameter 6.4 ba (4.3 m 20.9 ft).

Late accounts of the lighthouse after the destruction by the 1303 Crete earthquake include Ibn Battuta, a Moroccan scholar and explorer, who passed through Alexandria in 1326 and 1349. Battuta noted that the wrecked condition of the lighthouse was then only noticeable by the rectangle tower and entrance ramp. He stated the tower to be 140 shibr (30.8 m, 101 ft) on either side. Battuta detailed Sultan An-Nasir Muhammad's plan to build a new lighthouse near the site of the collapsed one, but these went unfulfilled after the Sultan's death in 1341.

Destruction
The lighthouse was partially cracked and damaged by earthquakes in 796 and 951, followed by structural collapse in the earthquake of 956, and then again in 1303 and 1323. Earthquakes propagate from two well known tectonic boundaries, the African–Arabian and Red Sea Rift zones, respectively 350 and 520 km from the lighthouse's location. Documentation shows the 956 earthquake to be the first to cause structural collapse of the top 20+ metres of the construction.

Documented repairs after the 956 earthquake include the installment of an Islamic-style dome after the collapse of the statue that previously topped the monument. The most destructive earthquake in 1303 was an estimated intensity of VIII+ originating from the Greek island of Crete (280–350 km from Alexandria). The stubby remnant disappeared in 1480, when the then-Sultan of Egypt, Qaitbay, built a medieval fort on the larger platform of the lighthouse site using some of the fallen stone.

The 10th-century writer al-Mas'udi reports a legendary tale on the lighthouse's destruction, according to which at the time of Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan () the Byzantines sent a eunuch agent, who adopted Islam, gained the Caliph's confidence and secured permission to search for hidden treasure at the base of the lighthouse. The search was cunningly made in such a manner that the foundations were undermined, and the Pharos collapsed. The agent managed to escape in a ship waiting for him.

Archaeological research and rediscovery

Gaston Jondet made in 1916 the first detailed description of the submerged ruins of the old port of Alexandria. He was followed by Raymond Weill in the same year, and by Sir Leopold Halliday Savile in 1940.

In 1968, the lighthouse was rediscovered. UNESCO sponsored an expedition to send a team of marine archaeologists, led by Honor Frost, to the site. She confirmed the existence of ruins representing part of the lighthouse. Due to the lack of specialized archaeologists and the area becoming a military zone, exploration was put on hold.

A team of French archaeologists led by Jean-Yves Empereur re-discovered the physical remains of the lighthouse in late 1994 on the floor of Alexandria's Eastern Harbour. He worked with cinematographer Asma el-Bakri who used a 35 mm camera to capture the first underwater pictures of the scattered remains of collapsed columns and statues. Empereur's most significant findings consisted of blocks of granite 49–60 tonnes in mass often broken into multiple pieces, 30 sphinxes, 5 obelisks and columns with carvings dating back to Ramses II (1279–1213 BC).

The cataloging of over 3,300 pieces was completed by Empereur and his team at the end of 1995 using a combination of photography and mapping. Thirty-six pieces of Empereur's granite blocks and other discoveries have been restored and are currently on display in Alexandria museums. Satellite imaging has revealed further remains. In the early 1990s, the underwater archaeologist Franck Goddio began exploration at the opposite side of the harbor from where Empereur's team had worked.

Satellite and sonar imaging has revealed the additional remains of wharves, houses and temples which had all fallen into the Mediterranean sea as a result of earthquakes and other natural disasters. It is possible to go diving and see the ruins. The secretariat of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage is currently working with the Government of Egypt on an initiative to add the Bay of Alexandria (including the remains of the lighthouse) to a World Heritage List of submerged cultural sites.

Significance

Legend has it that the people of the island of Pharos were wreckers; hence, Ptolemy I Soter had the lighthouse built to help guide ships into port at night.

Pharos became the etymological origin of the word "lighthouse" in Greek (φάρος), many Romance languages such as French (phare), Italian and Spanish (faro) – and thence into Esperanto (faro) – Catalan, Romanian (far) and Portuguese (farol), as well as Swedish and Danish (fyr), and even some Slavic languages like Bulgarian (far). In French, Portuguese, Turkish, Serbian and Russian, a derived word means "headlight" (phare, farol, far, фар, фара).

Proposed reconstruction
Since 1978 a number of proposals have been made to replace the lighthouse with a modern reconstruction. In 2015, the Egyptian government and the Alexandria governorate suggested building a skyscraper on the site of the lighthouse as part of the regeneration of the eastern harbour of Alexandria Port.

Pharos in culture

The lighthouse remains a civic symbol of the city of Alexandria and of the Alexandria Governorate with which the city is more or less coterminous. A stylised representation of the lighthouse appears on the flag and seal of the Governorate and on many public services of the city, including the seal of Alexandria University.

In architecture
 A well-preserved ancient tomb in the town of Abusir,  southwest of Alexandria, is thought to be a scaled-down model of the Alexandria Pharos. Known colloquially under various names – the Pharos of Abusir, the Abusir funerary monument and Burg al-Arab (Arab's Tower) – it consists of a 3-storey tower, approximately  in height, with a square base, an octagonal midsection and cylindrical upper section, like the building upon which it was apparently modelled. It dates to the reign of Ptolemy II (285–246 BC), and is therefore likely to have been built at about the same time as the Alexandria Pharos.
 The design of minarets in many early Egyptian Islamic mosques followed a three-stage design similar to that of the Pharos, attesting to the building's broader architectural influence.
 The George Washington Masonic National Memorial, located in Alexandria, Virginia, is fashioned after the ancient Lighthouse.
A fictionalized version of the structure – known as the "Pharos Lighthouse" – serves as the park icon, centerpiece, and identifier of Universal's Islands of Adventure theme park, opened in 1999 at the Universal Orlando Resort. The real, functioning lighthouse resides in the park's Port of Entry area, recalling a literary, seaside explorers' marketplace of global architectural elements real, ancient, and imagined.

In literature

Julius Caesar, in his Civil Wars (Part III, 111–112), describes the Pharos and its strategic importance. Gaining control of the lighthouse helped him subdue Ptolemy XIII's armies (48 BC):
The Romano-Jewish historian Josephus (37 – c. 100 AD) describes it in his book The Jewish War (4.10.5) when he gives a geographical overview of Egypt.
It was described in the Zhu fan zhi ("Records of Foreign Peoples") by Zhao Rugua (1170–1228), a Chinese customs inspector for the southern port city of Quanzhou during the Song dynasty.
Ibn Battuta visited the lighthouse in 1326, finding "one of its faces in ruins," yet he could enter and noted a place for the guardian of the lighthouse to sit and many other chambers.  When he returned in 1349, he "found that it had fallen into so ruinous a condition that it was impossible to enter it or to climb up to the doorway."

See also
Tower of Hercules, a Roman lighthouse in Spain
Minar (Firuzabad)
List of tallest structures built before the 20th century

References
Notes

Bibliography

Further reading
Harris, William V., and Giovanni Ruffini. 2004. Ancient Alexandria Between Egypt and Greece. Leiden: Brill.
Jordan, Paul. 2002. The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Harlow: Longman.
Polyzōidēs, Apostolos. 2014. Alexandria: City of Gifts and Sorrows: From Hellenistic Civilization to Multiethnic Metropolis. Chicago: Sussex Academic Press, 2014.
Thompson, Alice. 2002. Pharos. London: Virago.
Tkaczow, Barbara, and Iwona Zych. 1993. The Topography of Ancient Alexandria: An Archaeological Map. Warszawa: Zaklad Archeologii Śródziemnomorskiej, Polskiej Akadmii Nauk.

External links

World History Encyclopedia – Lighthouse of Alexandria
Description of Alexandria and the Pharos in the Zhu fan zhi
A frightening vision: on plans to rebuild the Alexandria Lighthouse
PBS Nova program about the recovery of artifacts from the site

Buildings and structures completed in the 3rd century BC
Buildings and structures demolished in the 14th century
1968 archaeological discoveries
Buildings and structures in Alexandria
Demolished buildings and structures in Egypt
Hellenistic architecture
Lighthouses completed in the 2nd century
Alexandria
Ptolemaic Alexandria
Transport in Alexandria
Former towers
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World


Below is a notice recently added to the CRA website concerning partnership reporting, which advises taxpayers that the CRA is extending the transition provisions for Schedule 50 to the 2013 fiscal period. The website indicates that filers may use the 2011 T5013 forms (with no penalty) for the 2013 filing year. CRA has received many representations expressing concerns related to the requirements of this new form and has indicated to CICA that they will be consulting with stakeholders in the near future concerning changes to schedule 50.
To ease concerns about providing updated ACB and ARA information, we will accept returns filed by the due date if they contain the 2011 version (used for the tax year 2012 and 2013) of schedule 50 with complete information on partner identification and the annual transactions between partners and the partnerships.
In early February 2012, the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) released the new T5013 Partnership Information Return and related guide. The new package has been designed to be more consistent in form to T2 returns, and most of the information needed to do the return has not changed. However, as previously mentioned, the new Schedule 50 (Partner's Ownership and Account Activity) now contains a full adjusted cost base (ACB) calculation.
The CRA will accept returns filed by the due date if they contain either the 2010 or 2011 version of schedule 50 with complete information on partner identification and the annual transactions between partners and the partnerships.
The CRA will not impose penalties on T5013 returns for 2011 fiscal periods as a result of incomplete ACB and ARA information on the schedule 50. The CRA goes on to state that they want to assure partnerships and tax preparers that penalties for incomplete returns are not intended to be applied on T5013 returns filed for 2011 fiscal periods that have been completed, to the best knowledge and abilities of the partnerships and preparers, by the filing deadline.
Please note that the CRA was advised that the software packages used by tax preparers will likely include all of the new forms, or alternatively, an older version will contain all of the old forms. So, using the new forms for everything except for schedule 50 may be difficult for larger partnerships with numerous partners. As a response to this issue, the CRA has stated in an email that although it is the CRA's preference to receive 2011 versions of the forms, they will accept 2010 versions of the forms for all schedules.


text:
    <md-list class="previous-comments" ng-if="project.currentProject.hasComments">
        <md-list-item class="md-3-line" layout="column"
                      ng-repeat="item in project.currentProject.comments track by $index">

{{ item.comment.sender_alias }}

{{ item.comment.body }}

Posted {{ item.comment.posted_time }}

            <md-divider></md-divider>
        </md-list-item>
    </md-list>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
White Sox optimism for Carson Fulmer as starter naive but understandable
Published on May 20, 2018 in Chicago White Sox by Ryan Wooden
There was a point in 2015 when just about everybody would have agreed that Carson Fulmer had what it took to be a very good starting pitcher in Major League Baseball.
After 127.2 dominant innings in his junior season at Vanderbilt, the Chicago White Sox selected him No. 8 overall in the 2015 MLB Amateur Entry Draft. From there, he went on to spend just an inning at rookie ball before uncorking 22 innings of high-quality work at High-A Winston-Salem.
At that point, it appeared clear that he had middle of the rotation possibilities at worst and top of the rotation potential at best. Sure, a scout might have desired to see him rework his delivery a little for sustainability or the organization may have encouraged him to further develop his pitch repertoire, but it was still almost universally assumed he had what it takes.
Of course, baseball doesn't deal in certainties and Fulmer has run into problems — primarily control-related — since that dream season. And the White Sox's optimism in him as a starting pitcher has been naive but understandable for at least the past two seasons now.
In 2016, Fulmer wasn't necessarily horrible, splitting his first full season in professional baseball between Double-A and Triple-A and registering a 4.63 ERA through 103 minor-league innings. He still generated swings and misses to the tune of 104 strikeouts, but the control issued started to flare.
His walk-rate climbed from 3.52 BB/9 between college and the minors in 2015 to 4.89 BB/9 in the minors in 2016. Still, a live arm and general optimism that he could rein in the control earned him 11.2 innings with the White Sox in the summer.
There, overpowering stuff that hitters hadn't before seen should have made him an asset to the Major League bullpen. Instead, he continued to struggle and was sent back down, finishing the year in Charlotte.
That was okay, though. He was only 22 years old, and some course corrections still offered him a chance to realize his potential.
However, 2017 is probably where the White Sox began misplacing their optimism. Fulmer was extremely bad in Charlotte. The control continued to be an issue, and a lack of faith in his secondary offerings coupled with some velocity tapering made it difficult for him to miss bats.
The end result was 5.79 ERA in 126 innings. But with the White Sox committing to a rebuild, it still made sense to give Fulmer an extended taste of the big leagues. He was part of their September call-ups, where some unsustainable numbers seemed to give the organization the wrong impression.
Fulmer had a 3.86 ERA through 23 innings, and the White Sox seemed to convince themselves that was a glimmer of hope that his starting potential was still salvageable. However, that was buoyed by remarkably unreliable .190 BABIP, and he walked 13 while striking out just 19 during that stint.
Yet, the following spring when all the issues that had plagued Fulmer for two full professional seasons were possibly at their ugliest in Major League camp, the White Sox repeatedly stressed that they cared more about the previous September's results than what was happening in front of them. So it shouldn't have been surprising at all when the wheels continued to fall off through the first two months.
Ultimately, Fulmer was demoted earlier this week. The organization was forced to acknowledge that it was no longer in their, or his, best interest for him to have any confidence he might have left pounded into oblivion against big-league hitting.
But they're insistent that he's still a starter.
Fulmer is 24, so it's understandable that they're not giving up on a former top-10 pick. However, the reality that the White Sox pitching rotation is going to be overcrowded soon is rapidly approaching.
Lucas Giolito and Reynaldo Lopez have shown enough to earn a place in the organization's plans moving forward. Michael Kopech is as close to ready as you can be. Carlos Rodon is making his rehab starts now. Dane Dunning has impressed. Dylan Cease is probably due for a promotion to Double-A Birmingham. There are at least another half-dozen names who could threaten in the next two or three seasons for starts.
Sure, it's possible that Fulmer can find the right formula. A subtle delivery change he can quickly become comfortable with allows him to throw more strikes and get back to throwing his curveball confidently (his best swing-and-miss pitch).
The other two options: either a complete mechanical overhaul that could take years to complete or a move to the bullpen where he can dial his velocity and intensity back up. In the bullpen, he'd obviously still need to throw more strikes, but the path to a long and successful career is certainly more viable than a rebuild that will lead to him being passed by all the other big arms and more artful throwers in the system.
You can't exactly blame the White Sox for holding out hope. And the good news is that at this stage of the rebuild, being overly optimistic about a former top-10 prospect doesn't truly cost them.
Yes, it's embarrassing to watch a team that is threatening to lose 110 games or more and Fulmer getting pelted start after start isn't fun to watch. But if there is a chance he could find himself, it was worth exploring.
Soon a more sobering reality will approach. A decision will have to be made. For now, they can afford to be naive for a little while longer.
Ryan Wooden
Ryan Wooden is a full-time sports writer based in the Chicago suburbs. In addition to co-founding The Chicago Sports Column, he is a staffer for SportsLine.com, a premium gambling and fantasy brand from CBS Interactive. Find him away from the computer (or don't) on some body of water or some golf course somewhere.
What the Eloy Jimenez deal accomplishes for the White Sox
Brendan Perlini explosion huge for Blackhawks regardless of finish
White Sox 2018 draft class poised to rise quickly in 2019
Khalil Mack trade to Bears puts pressure on… Mitchell Trubisky?
Curses and Champions Ep. 17.2 – 2018 Bears Season Preview – Offense & Predictions
Curses and Champions Ep. 17.1 – 2018 Bears Season Preview – Defense
Curses and Champions Ep. 16.2 – Chicago Cubs Talk – 8-23-18
As nice as it would have been for the organization to land Manny Machado this offseason, the Chicago White Sox … More
The Chicago Blackhawks were looking to shake things up back on Nov. 25 when they traded third-year center Nick Schmaltz … More
Chicago Bears: Cody Parkey's missed kicks highlight biggest blemish on Ryan Pace's resume
The Chicago Bears' 34-22 win Sunday over the Detroit Lions helped build a solid case for why GM Ryan Pace … More
Around Chicago
Who should replace Vic Fangio as Chicago Bears' defensive coordinator?
Bears' division-clinching win against Packers vindicates journey back to postseason
Previous Story Previous post: Anthony Rizzo is the "you-go-we-go" factor in the Cubs' lineup
Next Story Next post: Bulls and Chandler Hutchison NBA draft rumors a smokescreen?
Latest from Chicago White Sox
Despite having never taken an at-bat or fielding a fly ball in
As nice as it would have been for the organization to land
Eloy Jimenez promotion imminent for Chicago White Sox
White Sox prospect Eloy Jimenez delivered a clear message with the title
Michael Kopech debut reminder for White Sox fans to stay patient
As Michael Kopech took the mound for his White Sox debut on
Bryce Bush already looking like major coup for White Sox
When the Chicago White Sox drafted Michigan prep star Bryce Bush in
Darren Zaitlen
Could James Shields be a cog for the Chicago Cubs?
Copyright © 2018 The Chicago Sports Column, All Rights Reserved.


text:
config-reload
====================================
reload config when file changed for nodejs

1. require

```
var configReload = require('config-reload');
```

2. load config

load from object
```
var param = configReload({any object});
```

load from file
```
var param = configReload('config file path');
```

load from environment settings
```
process.env.CONFIG_FILE_PATH="{config file path}"
configReload.setEnvName('CONFIG_FILE_PATH');

var param = configReload();
```


Hydraulic Pump Adapter Assembly with Gear, Lycoming 540 Series 71675, 71676.
This adapter was purchased as "used" for a project involving the installation of a B&C backup alternator (standard vac pump drive) to an IO540-C4D5D engine. Unfortunately the -C5D5D is not compatible with this adapter. Lycoming were completely useless... the adapter will fit most of the -C engines but but the -C4D5D.
It has been paint stripped, pressure cleaned, dye penetration NDTd, repainted with Lyco paint, has a new oil seal, and there is no apparent wear on it. A new gasket is included. The oil feed hole to the hydraulic pump end has been plugged with a grub screw, which is the correct thing to do if driving an accessory that doesn't need oil (an alternator or a vacuum pump). No paperwork is included so you may need an A&P to certify this part.
Please note the P/N is either 71675 or 71676. It isn't obvious which one it actually is. You need to refer to the photos and to the PDF manuals above. I suspect one of those two part numbers doesn't actually exist, but Lycoming were unable to communicate usefully on the subject. The casting has "75176" cast on it.


Groupon's NEW Summer Shop! Summer's HOTTEST Deals!
Make sure you bookmark this page and check it periodically! Groupon just started this New Summer shop which is great and will be filled with TONS of savings all summer long!
Filled with local deals to restaurants, family fun activities and more.
Planning a summer vacation or want to get away a few nights? Groupon is offering so many summer vacation deals and overnight stays for much less.
Make sure you check Groupon's Summer Shop Here before planning anything! We have used them so many times in the past and the deals are AMAZING!


text:
Holliston is a New England town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States in the Greater Boston area. The population was 14,996 at the 2020 census. It is located in MetroWest, a Massachusetts region that is west of Boston. Holliston is the only town in Middlesex County that borders both Norfolk and Worcester counties.

History

At the time of the earliest European settlements, where Holliston exists now was part of the territory of the Awassamog family of Natick (the first Nipmuc Praying Town), who also held authority over land near Waushakum Pond at Framingham and land near Annamasset at Mendon. In 1701, a large tract of land that included the west half of Holliston, eastern Milford and parts of Hopkinton and Ashland was given to the local Nipmucs in a land exchange with Sherborn. Their ownership of the tract was brief, as settlers purchased tracts of land there until all traces of Nipmuc presence disappeared.
The Nipmuc village of Mucksquit (translation – "place of much grass"), located on the shore of Wennakeening (translation – "smile of the great spirit") was near the site of the Morse family farm, today known as Lake Winthrop.
The Morses, Sheffields, Marshalls and Bullards and many others followed Pout Lane (an old Native American foot-path, now partly modern day Rte 16 and Highland St., respectively)  out to the new territory and settled along the path, thus forming a cluster of farms that would eventually become Holliston. John Eliot and Daniel Gookin (Christian missionaries) also followed the path in search of converts to Christianity and encouraged the Nipmucs to gather into villages, which made their task of finding them easier. Though not as famous as the Bay Path or the Old Connecticut Path, Pout Lane played a major role in the settlement of Holliston and other points southwest of Boston.
Holliston, then part of Sherborn, was first settled by Europeans in 1659 by Massachusetts Bay Puritans. The town of Holliston was incorporated on December 3, 1724, by virtue of approval by the General Court petition requesting that "the western part of Sherborn be a Town." The name was taken in honor of Thomas Hollis of London, a benefactor of Harvard College. The first town meeting was held at the house of Timothy Leland on December 23, 1724, "at which five selectmen and all other required officers were chosen." The town has grown from a community of a few hundred residents setting aside ten pounds per year for public education to a community of over 13,000 with an annual budget of over $40 million including more than $23 million for a nationally recognized school system.

In "Holliston" by Images of America and the Holliston Historical Society, it is written: An article in a local newspaper in 1894 heralded the charms of Holliston as the quintessential New England village, which, the story said, sprang into existence solely due to the talent of its people. Perhaps this is so, for there was no great moment in history to mark the founding of this town. Holliston has become a reflection of the accomplishments of the inhabitants of this place for more than three hundred years, and although the town had to admit to no magnitude of greatness to rival Boston, Lexington, or Concord, Holliston did define itself as a home to heroes of the commonplace. The feature story of 1894 said:

"Many cities have sprung into existence because of their advantageous situations. The prosperity of Holliston is solely due to the genius of its people. A visit to such places stirs the blood, quickens the pulse and produces an enthusiastic desire to have a share in the developing good times. Massachusetts may be Whittier's land, and the region from Marblehead to Amesbury may be full of legendary and spectral armies, and witchdom, and Buddha knows what, but the imaginative and the poetical must submit to the rights of the commonplace. The commonplace is honeycombed with the uncommon heroisms of the patient, everyday existence that make up the life of such plucky towns as Holliston. These are the things the average man is most interested in. Average life is but a portfolio of views of struggles with the commonplaces of everyday existence" (Holliston 1997).

The town was once the largest producer of shoes in the United States. Although many of the shoe factories have been lost by fires and other problems, the largest company, the Goodwill Shoe Company, still has remaining empty factories on Water Street, many of which are now used as artists' studios. Competition from overseas factories is largely to blame for the loss of the industry.

Holliston's Mudville neighborhood claims to be the location of the 1888 Ernest Lawrence Thayer poem, "Casey at the Bat", and maintains an ongoing rivalry with Stockton, California, which makes the same claim regarding the poem's setting.

The Legend of Balancing Rock

On the north side of Route 16 heading into Milford sits a large rock, some  in length,  in width,  thick, and weighing easily over 5 tons (4.5 metric tons).  The rock appears to be balanced precariously on an outcrop of granite ledge. On November 6, 1789, General George Washington led his entourage from Boston to New York via this route. He recalled in his diary the road in Holliston that would eventually be honored with his name, "an indifferent road, diversified by good and bad land, cultivated and in woods, some high barren, others low, wet and piney." Legend has it that, as they came across this "Balancing Rock," they took the opportunity to have some fun and tried their best to tip over the rock. It is said that the General himself, quite amused at the spectacle, added his muscle in an attempt to push the rock off its natural pedestal. Their efforts—and those of many others over the years—were to no avail. On September 22, 2020, Balancing Rock appears to have finally fallen. The rock is on the property of the Balancing Rock development, a community for "active" adults over the age of 55.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which  is land and  is water. Water covers 1.73% of the town's total area. The Charles River passes near the southern region of town.

It is located  west of Boston and is within short driving distance of Interstate 495 and the Massachusetts Turnpike (part of Interstate 90). Massachusetts Route 16 and Massachusetts Route 126 pass through the town.

Historic districts

With a history spanning nearly three centuries, Holliston has many smaller divisions within its borders with names tied to a host of historic and cultural origins. Although the town is only served by one post-office today, several of its historic villages originated from previous post offices as well as train stops on the Boston and Albany Railroad's Milford line. Today the town retains two official historic districts, both of which contain smaller landmark areas of historic significance. There are several additional residential developments and other areas of Holliston which retain their own colloquial names, however at this time the following are the only areas officially recognized as historic by the town and the U.S. Geologic Survey.

 Braggville
 East Holliston
 Gooch Corners
 Metcalf
Thomas Hollis Historic District
Mudville
 Brentwood
 Lakeside

Adjacent towns
Holliston is located in eastern Massachusetts, bordered by:

Sherborn on the east
Millis on the southeast
Medway on the south
Milford on the southwest
Hopkinton on the northwest
Ashland on the north

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 13,801 people, 4,795 households, and 3,842 families residing in the town.  The population density was .  There were 4,868 housing units at an average density of .  The racial makeup of the town was 96.7% White, 0.9% African American, 0.9% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population. Ancestries of Holliston residents are reported to be Irish (29.4%), Italian (18.3%), English (17.8%), German (9.7%), French (5.6%), and Polish (5.6%).

There were 4,795 households, out of which 44.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.2% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.9% were non-families. Of all households, 16.4% were made up of individuals, and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.0% under the age of 18, 4.8% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 38.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

In 2000, the median income for a household in the town was  $78,092, and the median income for a family was $84,878. Males had a median income of $48,473 versus $36,405 for females. The per capita income for the town was $32,116.  As of the census of 2000, about 1.5% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.9% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.

In 2009, 79% of Holliston residents age 25 and over held bachelor's degrees or higher and 35.8% held graduate or professional degrees.

Government

Holliston retains its original open town meeting form of government, in which registered voters act as the town's legislature.  The town's day-to-day affairs are overseen by an elected Board of Selectmen with a Town Administrator.

Education

The Town of Holliston has a public school system which serves students from kindergarten through twelfth grade. Schools in the district include two elementary schools, a middle school and a high school. Public schools include: Sam Placentino Elementary School, Fred W. Miller Elementary School, Robert H. Adams Middle School, and Holliston High School.

Holliston High School was ranked among the top 150 best public high schools in Greater Boston.

The Holliston public school system also maintains a Montessori and French Immersion program that students can enroll in upon entering kindergarten.

Environment
Within Holliston there are five registered Superfund sites. Three of these sites are still monitored by CERCLIS (Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System).

An archived status indicates that the site has been cleaned, requires no further investigation, and poses little to no threat. A Non-NPL status indicates the sites are not considered to be the most hazardous by the EPA and are therefore not included in the NPL, but the clean-up of the site has not been completed. Non-NPL sites are still monitored by CERCLIS and are considered open or active sites. An NPL status indicates that the EPA considers the site to pose serious health and environmental risks. NPL sites are considered to be the most hazardous sites in the nation.

Axton Cross Corp
Established in 1967, "the site was an Industrial Chemical Distributor for the textile, paper, rubber, metals and plastics industries."  In the early 1990s the company filed for bankruptcy and the facility closed. The site is 8.6 acres of developed and undeveloped land which consist of two buildings. The
buildings are being considered for demolition.

According to the Mass DEP Axton Cross is considered to be a Disposal Site. The chemicals recorded by the Mass DEP were oil and other unknown hazardous materials. According to locals, "Axton-Cross polluted the property it owned and the land surrounding it and the wildlife with toxic chemicals." According to the EPA's last inspection (08/08/1995), the water was not impaired, but the Ozone is considered to be a Non-Attainment Area.  No further data was recorded.

Bird Property (Prentice Street Property)
In 1966 a gravel mining permit for the property was granted to a Charles Bird. Mining of the land continued into the late 1970s. Through the late 1960s to early 1980s the mined areas were filled with building debris and commercial solid waste. The property was also used for tire stockpiling. The site is approximately 53 acres. The land is being considered for the construction of residential housing.

Since then the Mass DEP and EPA have ordered remedial activities which included the removal of: potential contaminants, solid waste, construction debris, tires, and over 70 tons of impacted soils. The groundwater plume from the site contains low levels of a chemical called TCE. Due to the low and naturally declining levels (due to the removal of the source) the Mass DEP to conclude that no further water clean-up is required. Other chemicals recorded by the Mass DEP were VOCs. According to the EPA's inspection the Ozone is considered to be a Non-Attainment Area. No further data was recorded.

Photofabrication Engineering Inc.
Founded in 1968, Photofabrication Engineering, Inc. (PEI) manufactures precision metal parts for computers and semiconductors. The company moved from Holliston to Milford, MA in 1984. The newer
facility has helped PEI become an environmentally cleaner manufacturer.

Chemicals recorded by the Mass DEP were chlorinated solvents, metals, and wastewater discharge. The Mass DEP considers the site to be in phase IV of V. In this phase a cleanup plan is implemented.  According to the EPA's inspection, the water was not impaired, but the Ozone is
considered to be a Non-Attainment Area. No further data was recorded.

Points of interest

 Apollo 14 Moon Tree, at the Holliston Police Department.
 Bogastow Brook Viaduct, also known as the Arch Bridge, off Woodland Street, named as one of the 1,000 places to visit in Massachusetts
Bullard Farm, the preserved homestead of the Bullard family, some of the first settlers of the town. Established in 1652, it served as the family's farm until 1916.
 Casey's Crossing, the town's first train depot, built in the 1840s. Presently a family restaurant and pub.
 Holliston Superette, a small neighborhood grocery and deli founded by Arthur and Nelli Guidi in 1960. It has been in business ever since and has been featured on Phantom Gourmet, as well as numerous other culinary shows.
 Holliston Grill, formerly Pete's Lunch (50 yrs) and the Black Horse Restaurant (25 yrs) offering full service breakfast and lunch in downtown Holliston.
 Fatima Shrine, a restful haven in a peaceful rustic setting, Fatima Shrine is an oasis for prayer, reflection, and meditation. The rosary walk at Fatima Shrine is believed to be the world's largest rosary.
 Fiske's General Store, founded in 1863, is the oldest retail business in town. Popular with the young and old, it's known for its catchphrase, "'most everything".
 First Congregational Church of Holliston, built on the site of Holliston's original meeting house, is the holding institution of the King James Bible donated by Thomas Hollis in 1724.
 Highland Farm, offering apple-picking in a picturesque orchard in the town's rolling hills
 Holliston Mill Artist Studios, once the former factory of the Goodwill Shoe Company, Bi-Annual Open House expositions of the varied artist occupants and their work
 Lake Winthrop is nearly  in diameter and covers approximately . It was originally called "Dean Winthrop's Pond." and used as a boundary marker for his land. Dean was the son of John Winthrop. The town history states that the Nipmuck tribe, a clan of the Algonquian Indians, lived on the lake's southwestern shore in the village of Musquit near present-day Lake Grove Cemetery. The lake was then called Wennakeening, meaning "smile of the great spirit" or "pleasant smile". Today, Lake Winthrop offers fishing, kayaking, and swimming.  In season 5 episode 4 of the sitcom "Cheers" Woody, Norm and Cliff go on a fishing outing to Lake Winthrop.
 Mount Hollis Lodge A.F. & A.M., founded in Holliston on February 14, 1865.  This Masonic Lodge resides in a historic building that was once the Methodist Church in Holliston.
 National Police Scanner Museum
 Outpost Farm
 Upper Charles River Trail, a scenic, recreational path for bicycling, walking, cross-country skiing, roller-blading, and other non-motorized uses. When completed, the  trail will connect Holliston to Ashland, Hopkinton, Milford, and Sherborn.

Golf courses
 Pinecrest Golf Club, 18-hole golf course

Parks and playing fields
 Goodwill Park, playground for children, tennis courts, baseball and soccer fields
 Patoma Park, Stoddard Park's sister park offers woodland trails for hiking and recreational activities
 Pleasure Point, located on Lake Winthrop with a beach, picnic area, playground, and boat launch
 Stoddard Park, located on Lake Winthrop with a beach, picnic area, and recreational area (two youth baseball/softball diamonds)
 Weston Pond, multi-sport practice and soccer playing fields.
 Damigella Field, large baseball diamond and softball fields, part of the elementary and middle school complex.
 Kamitian Field, multi-sport artificial turf surface, part of the high school complex.
 Marshall Street Soccer Fields (Private, managed by Holliston Youth Soccer)

Notable people
 Arthur Judson Brown, clergyman, missionary, author
 Lyndon Byers, retired NHL right-wing, formerly a radio personality for The Hill-man Morning Show
 Mike Condon (ice hockey), goalie for the Ottawa Senators, played for the Montreal Canadiens and briefly for the Pittsburgh Penguins
 McKay Coppins, journalist, political personality
 Joseph Fish, first Major League Baseball player from Holliston, signed by the Boston Red Sox in 1957. Played in the Red Sox minor league system for 1 year.
 Adam Green, director, writer and or actor for movies Hatchet and Frozen among other horror films
 Mike Grier, forward for Edmonton Oilers, Washington Capitols, Buffalo Sabres, San Jose Sharks hockey team
 Michael Mantenuto, actor (Jack O'Callahan in Miracle)
 Greg Mauldin, center for Austrian Hockey League's KHL Medveščak Zagreb, previously played for the NHL's Columbus Blue Jackets, New York Islanders, and Colorado Avalanche
 Jo Dee Messina, popular country music singer
 Andrew Natsios, director, United States Agency for International Development
 Shirley Nelson, award-winning author
 Albert P. Rockwood, early Latter Day Saint leader
 John Sencio, national television personality – HGTV, NBC, MTV
 Ken Stone, UFC bantamweight fighter
 Mark Sweeney, first baseman, pinch hitter for San Diego Padres, Milwaukee Brewers, Colorado Rockies, Los Angeles Dodgers
 Kevin Systrom, co-founder of Instagram
 Jeff Taylor, founder of Monster.com, University of Massachusetts graduate
 Amy Townsend-Small, director of the Environmental Studies Program at the University of Cincinnati
 Kara Wolters, professional basketball player and Olympic medal winner

References

Further reading
 Bragg, Ernest A. The Origin and Growth of the Boot and Shoe Industry in Holliston and Milford, Massachusetts 1793–1950. 1st ed. Boston, 1950.
1871 Atlas of Massachusetts. Wall & Gray.  Map of Massachusetts. Map of Middlesex County.
 History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts,  Volume 1 (A–H),  Volume 2 (L–W); compiled by Samuel Adams Drake, published 1879–1880. 572 and 505 pages.  Holliston article by Rev. George F. Walker, pp. 470–483.

External links

 Town of Holliston official website

1659 establishments in Massachusetts
MetroWest
Populated places established in 1659
Towns in Massachusetts
Towns in Middlesex County, Massachusetts


Very suspicious spike in traffic linked to SiteImprove.com, cloning?
I need to clone a site (Just main page and 1 other). Urgent!!
Cloning a site via some software and reuploading it with some changes can b harmful?


As we age, it becomes increasingly important to look after our health. One of the most significant contributors to our overall wellbeing is our diet. Eating well is a manageable yet effective way to maintain a healthy lifestyle. This helps to ensure that you can travel, play with your grandkids, dance, learn, volunteer and simply live a full and active life after 60! To help you get started, here is a list of tips that you can consider to improve your diet.
Whatever your age, it's important to have a healthy, balanced diet containing a mix of all the food groups. Aim to eat at least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables a day. When choosing bread, rice, pasta and other starchy foods, try to choose the wholegrain varieties if you can as they are much more nutritional. Include some meat, fish, eggs, beans and other non-dairy sources of protein. We all enjoy a treat or two and there's no need to deprive yourself. However, try to keep fatty and sugary foods to a minimum; you'll appreciate them more if you do, I promise!
Feeling bloated and uncomfortable tends to become more of a regular occurrence as you get older. Eating foods containing fibre is important for your digestion and can help you to avoid these symptoms. Some subtle changes in your diet make a big difference. Try choosing wholegrain foods and filling your plate with fresh fruit and vegetables. You'll feel better almost instantly!
Keeping your energy levels up is important to get the most out of your retirement. Iron is important for our general health to keep us fit a raring to go. A lack of iron can make us feel as though we have no energy, so include some iron-rich foods in your diet. The best source of iron is lean red meat but it is also found in pulses (such as peas, beans and lentils), oily fish, eggs, bread, green vegetables and breakfast cereals with added vitamins.
Eating calcium helps you to keep your bones healthy and strong so you can keep active for years to come. Eating calcium-rich foods can help you avoid bone problems such as osteoporosis. Good sources include dairy products such as milk, cheese and yoghurt. Choose lower-fat varieties when you can or eat higher-fat varieties in smaller amounts.
Many of us in the UK are guilty of eating too much salt. This can raise your blood pressure, which puts you at increased risk of health problems such as heart disease or a stroke. Next time you reach for the shaker, try tasting your food again to see if you really need it! Most food already contains hidden salt so keep an eye on food labels to keep on top of your daily levels.
Your 60s is a great time to reflect on your lifestyle and make some positive changes for the future. While it's easy to get stuck in bad habits, try to ease yourself into some different eating routines and see for yourself how great you feel. Team this up with some activities from our previous post on exercises for a happier, healthier you!


text:
Q: open a executable file with crontab and show it on monitor my question is:
I have a c++ file (compiled file), and I make cron job that can do a bash script. in this command, it should open this c++ file, but crontab could not open the file and show it on monitor. how can I fix it??
plz help me with some code.
I use ubuntu 19.10
.
thank everybody who spend a little time.

A: If you wish to see the contents of a compiled file, have cron kick off a hex editor with the compiled file name as a parameter. A few are listed here in no particular order, such as the GNOME Hex Editor.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange