text:
07 Apr 1652 - 16 Sep 1795 Dutch Cape colony
05 Mar 1797 - 21 Feb 1803 Cape colony a British colony
21 Feb 1803 - 10 Jan 1806 Dutch Colony
10 Jan 1806 - 31 May 1910 Cape a British colony, ceded to Britain in 1814
06 Jun 1837 - 12 May 1843 Natal Republic
12 May 1843 Natal annexed by Great Britain
17 Jan 1852 Britain recognises Boer independence east of the Vaal river
21 Sep 1853 - 12 Apr 1877 South-African Republic (Boer)
23 Feb 1854 - 31 May 1902 Orange Free State (Boer)
08 Aug 1881 - 31 May 1902 Transvaal Republic (Boer)
16 Dec 1880 - 23 Mar 1881 First Anglo-Boer war
11 Oct 1899 - 31 May 1902 Second Anglo-Boer War
31 May 1902 Boer resistance ceases with the Treaty of Vereeniging
31 May 1910 - 31 May 1961 Union of South Africa
09 Jul 1915 - 21 Mar 1990 German Southeast Africa (Namibia from 1970) annexed
11 Dec 1931 Full sovereignty granted by UK
04 Jun 1948 - 11 Feb 1990 Apartheid Era
31 May 1961 Republic of South Africa
1976 - 26 Apr 1994 Four Black Homelands independant (recognised only by South Africa)
21 Mar 1990 Independence of Namibia
27 Apr 1994 End of White minority rule
27 Apr 1994 Walvis Bay ceded to Namibia
South African Republic (Transvaal)
1848 Establishment of the United Band
17 Jan 1852 - 1853 Holland-African Republic
21 Sep 1853 - 1855 South-African Republic
12 Apr 1877 - 1883 British colony
1880 - 1881 1st Anglo-Boer war
08 Aug 1881 Self-rule under British suzraignty
1883 - 1902 South-African Republic (restored
08 Aug 1884 Transvaal independent as the South African Republic
1899 - 1902 2nd Anglo-Boar war
31 May 1902 British colony
31 May 1910 Part of South Africa
1914 - 1915 Maritz rebellion
Commandants at Magaliesberg
22 Dec 1838 - Jun 1845 Andries Hendrik Potgieter ......................... 1792-1852
Jun 1845 - 20 Jun 1848 Gert Kruger ....................................... 1802-1872
Commandants-General
20 Jun 1848 - 20 Sep 1849 Andries Wilhelmus Jacobus Pretorius (1st Time) .... 1798-1853
20 Sep 1849 - 16 Oct 1850 Post Abolished
16 Oct 1850 - 15 Jan 1851 Andries Wilhelmus Jacobus Pretorius (2nd Time)
- Lijdenburg -
15 Jan 1851 - 17 Dec 1856 Willem François Joubert ........................... 1801-1891
- Zoutpansberg -
15 Jan 1851 - 16 Dec 1852 Andries Hendrik Potgieter ......................... s.a
16 Dec 1852 - 06 Nov 1854 Pieter Johannes Potgieter ......................... 1822-1854
06 Nov 1854 - 18 Feb 1858 Stephanus Schoeman ................................ 1810-1890
- Marico -
15 Jan 1851 - Apr 1852 Johan Adam Enslin ................................. 1800-1852
- Potchefstroom-Rustenburg -
15 Jan 1851 - 23 Jul 1853 Andries Wilhelmus Jacobus Pretorius ............... s.a
09 Aug 1853 - 06 Jan 1857 Marthinus Wessel Pretorius ........................ 1819-1901
Chairmen of the Volksraad
23 May - 25 May 1849 Andries Wilhelmus Jacobus Pretorius ............... s.a
19 Sep 1849 Jacob de Clercq
06 Dec - 12 Dec 1849 Pieter Ernst Kruger (1st Time)
22 Jan - 30 Jan 1850 Willem C. Swart
26 May - 24 Aug 1850 Willem Hendrik Jacobszoon (1st Time) .............. 1804-1864
10 Sep 1850 - 15 Feb 1851 Cornelis D. Potgieter (1st Time)
05 May 1851 Willem Hendrik Jacobszoon (2nd Time)
09 May 1851 Willem Hendrik Jacobszoon (3rd Time)
11 Jun 1851 Johannes N. Hendrik Grobler
05 Jul 1851 Johannes Christoffel Steyn
01 Sep - 03 Sep 1851 Cornelis D. Potgieter (2nd Time)
27 Nov - 29 Nov 1851 Willem Hendrik Jacobszoon (4th Time)
12 Feb 1852 Joachim Johannes Petrus Prinsloo (1st Time)
14 Feb 1852 Pieter Ernst Kruger (2nd Time)
17 May - 06 May 1852 Cornelis D. Potgieter (3rd Time)
06 May 1852 Andreas Theodorus Spies ........................... 1800-1889
07 May 1852 C. Viljoen
15 Jun - 12 Jul 1852 Cornelis D. Potgieter (4th Time)
04 Oct 1852 Joachim Johannes Petrus Prinsloo (2nd Time)
04 Oct 1852 - 05 Jul 1855 Cornelis D. Potgieter (5th Time)
10 Sep - 18 Sep 1855 Hercules Albertus Pretorius ....................... 1803-1889
05 Nov - 20 Nov 1855 Johannes Hermanus Grobler (1st Time) .............. 1813-1892
27 Nov 1855 Cornelis D. Potgieter (6th Time)
04 Mar - 11 Mar 1856 Johannes Hermanus Grobler (2nd Time)
11 Mar 1856 Hendrik Teodor Bührmann ........................... 1822-1890
27 May - 30 May 1856 Cornelis D. Potgieter (7th Time)
05 Jan - 06 Jan 1857 Johannes Pieter Furstenberg
State Presidents
06 Jan 1857 - 15 Sep 1860 Marthinus Wessel Pretorius (1st Time)
15 Sep - 06 Dec 1860 Johannes Hermanus Grobler
06 Dec 1860 - 17 Apr 1862 Stephanus Schoeman
18 Apr 1862 - 10 May 1864 Willem Cornelis Janse van Renseburg ............... 1818-1865
10 May 1864 - 21 Nov 1871 Marthinus Wessel Pretorius (2nd Time)
21 Nov 1871 - 01 Jul 1872 Daniel Jacobus Erasmus van Straten ................ 1830-1913
01 Jul 1872 - 12 Apr 1877 Thomas François Burgers ........................... 1834-1881
12 Apr 1877 - 08 Aug 1881 British occupation
08 Aug 1881 - 31 May 1902 Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger .................. 1825-1904
(in exile in Switzerland from 10 Sep 1900)
10 Sep 1900 - 31 May 1902 Schalk Willem Burger .............................. 1852-1918
(acting for Kruger)
Leaders of the Republic of South Africa (in rebellion)
15 Sep 1914 - 04 Feb 1915 Manie Salmon Gerhardus Maritz ..................... 1876-1940
- Christian Rudolf de Wet ........................... 1854-1922
04 Feb 1907 - 31 May 1910 Louis Botha ....................................... 1862-1919
11 Dec 1931 Statute of Westminster grants full sovereignty
04 Jun 1948 - 11 Feb 1990 Aparteid Era
10 May 1994 End of white minority rule
Capital: Pretoria.
Language: Afrikaans, English, Zulu, Xhosa.
Religion: Roman Catholic, Methodist, Dutch Reformed Church, Jewish.
National Anthem: "Die Stem van Suid Afrika" (The Call of South Africa).
National Motto: Ex Unitate Vires (From Unity, Strength).
National Day: National day, 31 May (1910).
Currency: South African Rand.
Governors-General
31 May 1910 - 08 Sep 1914 Herbert John Gladstone,
Viscount Newtimber ............................... 1854-1930
11 Jul - 02 Sep 1914 Johan Henry de Villers,
Baron de Villers
(acting for Viscount Newtimber)
02 Sep - 08 Sep 1914 Sir James Rose-Innes .............................. 1855-1942
08 Sep 1914 - 17 Nov 1920 Sydney Charles Buxton,
Earl of Buxton ................................... 1853-1934
17 Nov 1920 - 07 Dec 1923 Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert,
Prince of Conaught ............................... 1883-1938
07 Dec 1923 - 21 Jan 1924 Sir James Rose-Innes .............................. s.a
(acting for Prince Arthur)
21 Jan 1924 - 26 Jan 1931 Augustus Alexander George Cambridge
Earl of Athlone .................................. 1874-1957
26 Jan 1931 - 05 Apr 1937 George Herbert Hyde Villiers,
Earl of Clarendon ................................ 1877-1955
05 Apr 1937 - 17 Jul 1943 Sir Patrick Duncan ................................ 1870-1943
17 Jul 1943 - 31 Dec 1945 Nicolaas Jacobs de Wet ............................ 1873-1960
01 Jan 1946 - 31 Dec 1950 Gideon Brand van Zyl .............................. 1873-1956
01 Dec 1951 - 11 Dec 1959 Ernest George Jansen .............................. 1881-1959
11 Dec 1959 - 31 May 1961 Charles Robert Swart .............................. 1894-1982
31 May 1961 - 01 Jun 1967 Charles Robert Swart .............................. 1894-1982
01 Jun - 06 Dec 1967 Theophilus Ebenhaezer Dönges ...................... 1898-1968
(Did not take office)
01 Jun 1967 - 10 Apr 1968 Jozua François Naudé .............................. 1889-1969
10 Apr 1968 - 09 Apr 1975 Jacobus Johannes Fouché ........................... 1898-1980
09 Apr - 19 Apr 1975 Johannes de Klerk ................................. 1903-1979
19 Apr 1975 - 21 Aug 1978 Nicolaas Johannes Diederichs ...................... 1903-1978
14 Aug - 10 Oct 1978 Marais Viljoen .................................... 1915-2007
(1st Time, acting)
10 Oct 1978 - 04 Jun 1979 Balthazar Johannes Vorster ........................ 1915-1983
04 Jun 1979 - 03 Sep 1984 Marais Viljoen
(2nd Time)
03 Sep 1984 - 15 Aug 1989 Pieter Willem Botha ............................... 1916-2006
19 Jan - 15 Mar 1989 Jan Christian Heunis .............................. 1927-2006
15 Aug 1989 - 10 May 1994 Frederik Willem de Klerk .......................... 1936-
31 May 1910 - 27 Aug 1919 Louis Botha ....................................... 1862-1919
27 Aug 1919 - 30 Jun 1924 Jan Christiaan Smuts .............................. 1870-1950
(1st Time)
30 Jun 1924 - 05 Sep 1939 James Barry Munnik Hertzog ........................ 1866-1942
05 Sep 1939 - 04 Jun 1948 Jan Christiaan Smuts (2nd Time)
04 Jun 1948 - 30 Nov 1954 Daniël François Malan ............................. 1874-1959
01 Dec 1954 - 24 Aug 1958 Johannes Gerhards Strijdom ........................ 1893-1958
02 Sep 1958 - 06 Sep 1966 Hendrik Frensch Verwoed ........................... 1901-1966
13 Sep 1966 - 28 Sep 1978 Balthazar Johannes Vorster ........................ s.a
28 Sep 1978 - 14 Sep 1984 Pieter Willem Botha ............................... s.a
Chairmen of the Minister's Council
- House of the Assembly (Afrikana) -
14 Sep - Dec 1984 Sarel Hayward ..................................... 1924-1999
Dec 1984 - Apr 1985 Cornelius van der Merwe ........................... 1921-1985
Apr - Jul 1985 Sarel Hayward (2nd Time)
Jul 1985 - Sep 1989 Frederik Willem de Klerk
Sep 1989 - Dec 1991 Jacobus Coetsee ................................... 1931-2000
Jan 1992 - Mar 1993 Magnus André de Merindol Mala ..................... 1930-2011
Mar 1993 - Mar 1994 Adriaan Johannes Vlok ............................. 1937-
- House of Representatives (coloured) -
14 Sep 1984 - Feb 1992 Helenand Hendrickse ............................... 1927-2005
Feb 1994 - Mar 1994 Jakobus A. Rabie .................................. 1938-2008
- House od Delegates (Indian) -
14 Sep 1984 - Jan 1989 Amichand Rajbansi ................................. 1942-2011
Jan - Mar 1989 Kassipershad Ramduth .............................. 1921-2001
Mar 1989 - Feb 1992 Jayaram N. Reddy .................................. 1925-
Feb 1992 - 31 Mar 1994 Bhadra Ranchod .................................... 1944-
Language: Afrikaans, English, Zulu, Xhosa, Tswana, Sotho, Ndebele, Swazi, Tsonga.
Religion: Zion Christian, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Dutch Reformed Church, Islam, Jewish.
National Anthem: "National Anthem of South Africa".
National Motto: !ke e: Ixarra Ilke (Unity in Diversity).
National Day: Election day, 27 April (1994).
Currency: Rand.
10 May 1994 - 16 Jun 1999 Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela ......................... 1918-2013 ANC
16 Jun 1999 - 25 Sep 2008 Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki .............................. 1942- ANC
25 Sep 2008 Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri ............................. 1937-2009 ANC
25 Sep 2008 - 09 May 2009 Petrus Kgalema Motlanthe .......................... 1949- ANC
09 May 2009 - 14 Feb 2018 Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma ......................... 1942- ANC
14 Feb 2018 - Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa .......................... 1952- ANC
ANC=African National Congress, Left-wing nationalism, social democratic, anti-Aparteid.
kwaZulu
Kwa Zulu Kingdom
1879 British occupation
1887-1897 British Crown Colony
1897 Incorporated into Natal
Mnguni
Nkosinkulu
Mdlani
Luzumana
Mandela kaLuzumana
Ntombhela kaMalandela
1709-1715 Zulu kaNtombhele
1715-1720 Gumede kaZulu
1720-1727 Phunga kaGumede
1727-1745 Mageba kaPhunga
1745-1763 Ndaba kaMageba
1763-1781 Jama kaNdaba
1781-1816 Senzangakhona KaJama
1816 - 23 Sep 1828 Shaka kaSenzangakhona ............................. 1787-1828
Nov 1828 - 29 Jan 1840 Dingane kaSenzangakhona ........................... 1795-1840
10 Feb 1840 - 18 Oct 1872 Mpande kaSenzangkhona ............................. 1798-1872
18 Oct 1872 - 28 Aug 1879 Cetshwayo Ka Mpande (1st Time) .................... 1832-1884
28 Aug 1879 - 29 Jan 1883 Thirteen Chiefs
- John Robert Dunn
- Hlubi
- Faku
- Gawuzi
- Mfanawendlela
- Mgitshwa
- Mlandela
- Mqonjama
- Ntshingiswao
- Sekethwayo
- Somkhele
- Uhamu ka Mpande
- Zibhebhu ka Mapitha
29 Jan 1883 - 08 Feb 1884 Cetshwayo Ka Mpande (2nd Time)
21 May 1884 - 18 Oct 1913 Dinizulu kaCetshwayo .............................. 1868-1913
(not recognised by South Africa)
01 Nov 1913 - 04 Mar 1933 Salamoni Nkashiyana Maphumuzana
ka Dinizulu ...................................... 1891-1913
02 Apr 1933 - 27 Aug 1948 Arthur Edward Mshiyeni Zulu
Ka Dinuzulu ...................................... 1897-1953
27 Aug 1948 - 17 Sep 1968 Cyprian Bhekuzulu ka Nyangayezizwe
ka Nkashiyana Solomon ............................ 1925-1968
Nov 1968 - 03 Dec 1971 Israel Mcwayizeni Zulu ka Nkashiyana .............. 1931-1999
03 Dec 1971 - Goodwill Zwelethini ka Bhekuzulu .................. 1948-
amaGcaleka
Paramount Chiefs
1695-1697 Ngconde a Togu
1697-1702 Tshiwo a Ngconde
1702-1736 Mdange a Ngconde
1736-1775 Phalo a Tshiwo
1775-1791 Gcaleka a Phalo
1791-1804 Khawuta a Gcaleka
1804-1820 Nqoko a Gcaleka
1820 - 12 May 1835 Hintsa a Khawatu
19 May 1835 - Feb 1893 Sarhili a Hitsa
Feb 1893 - 1902 Sigcawu a Sarhili
1902 - 30 May 1921 Salukaphathwa Gwebinkumbi a Sigcawu
01 Aug 1921 - 31 Dec 1923 Daliza a Sigcawu .................................. 18..-1921
01 Jan 1924 - 02 Jun 1933 Mpisekhaya Ngangomhlaba
Sigcawu a Gwebinkumbi ............................ 18..-1933
02 Jun 1933 - 09 Apr 1965 Bungeni Zwelidumile Sigcawu
a Gwebinkumbi ..................................... 1906-1965
09 Apr 1965 - 30 Dec 2005 Xolilizwe Mzikayise Sigcawu ....................... 1926-2005
27 Jan 2006 - Zwelonke Sigcawu .................................. 1968-
amaMbalu
1740 - 1794 Ulanga a Phalo
1794 - 01 Apr 1846 Ngqeno a Ulanga
01 Apr 1846 - 18.. Stockwe a Ngqeno
amaGqunukhwebe
17.. - 1793 Tshaka a Tyakha
1793 - 07 Jan 1812 Cungwa a Tshaka
07 Jan 1812 - 01 Oct 1869 Phatho a Cungwa
01 Oct 1869 - 14 Aug 1875 Kama a Cungwa
14 Aug 1875 - 1899 William Shaw a Kama


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The euro area economy has now been growing for five years, and we expect the expansion to continue in the coming years. Yet we have recently seen a loss in growth momentum. In both of the last two quarterly ECB growth projections, our staff has revised down its estimates. Actual data have also been weak. The flash estimate for euro area growth in the third quarter was just 0.2%.
The slowdown has raised questions about the strength of the growth outlook and, in turn, about whether the ongoing convergence of inflation towards our objective will be sustained. I would like to address these questions in my remarks this morning.
There is certainly no reason why the expansion in the euro area should abruptly come to an end. A gradual slowdown is normal as expansions mature and growth converges towards its long-run potential. But the expansion in the euro area is still relatively short in length and small in size.
In light of this, it is important to understand the sources of the growth slowdown we have witnessed this year. At present there are two main sources.
The first is one-off factors, which have clearly played an important role in the underperformance of growth since the start of the year. In the first half of 2018, weather, sickness and industrial action affected output in a number of countries. And in the third quarter, we saw a significant disruption of car production created by the introduction of new vehicle emissions standards on 1 September.
But this effect should be temporary. As the testing backlog clears, car production should return to normal by the end of the year and the effect on output should dissipate. The latest data already show production normalising.
We are witnessing a long-term slowdown in world trade. Some of the factors that previously drove its rapid expansion, such as trade liberalisation and the creation of global value chains, have waned since the financial crisis. We are also witnessing a cyclical correction from the very strong trade growth recorded last year. Trade dynamics are now normalising as global growth retreats towards potential.
Insofar as world trade stabilises at a lower level, its drag on growth could also be temporary. But there are two conditions that could make it longer-lasting.
The first is if trade uncertainty rises and dampens euro area export performance, in particular owing to protectionism.
The preliminary trade agreement reached between the US, Canada and Mexico reduces some uncertainty, but other disputes remain. Some indicators suggest this is feeding into the trade outlook. The manufacturing PMI for the euro area fell to a two-year low in October, with export-oriented economies recording particularly large drops. New export orders contracted for the first time since 2013.
The second condition is if uncertainty about external demand spills over into domestic demand through confidence and investment channels.
For now, there is little tangible evidence that the moderation in growth has affected business investment. But there is some evidence that those euro area firms that are most likely to be affected by proposed tariffs have reduced their rate of capital spending. Moreover, the slowdown in imports has particularly affected capital and intermediate goods, which might signal that firms are scaling back their investment decisions.
So we need to monitor these trade risks very carefully over the coming months. However, we still see the overall risks to the growth outlook as broadly balanced, in large part because the underlying drivers of domestic demand remain in place.
Most important is the virtuous circle between employment, labour income and consumption, which has been the motor of growth throughout the recovery. Various indicators suggest this cycle has not been disrupted by the loss of growth momentum this year.
Employment growth remains relatively strong, even though the latest data suggest some slowdown. The contribution of labour income to household income growth in the first half of this year was the strongest in a decade. And consumer confidence remains above its long-run average in the euro area and across most economies. Perceptions about the general economic climate have declined somewhat this year, but consumers' assessments of their personal situation – which tend to be more correlated with consumption – have remained steady.
There are three considerations that underpin our view that this cycle is resilient.
First, an important force behind employment growth in the euro area is longer-term structural changes, and these are less sensitive to cyclical swings.
Over the past five years, employment has increased by 9.5 million people, rising by 2.6 million in Germany, 2.1 million in Spain, 1 million in France and 1 million in Italy. This growth is similar to the five years before the crisis, when employment grew by 10 million people. In that period, however, close to 70% of employment growth was "prime age", meaning it came from the 25-54 age group. But since 2013 more than 70% of employment growth has come from those aged 55-74. This partly reflects the impact of past structural reforms, such as to pension systems.
Indeed, the participation rate of people aged 55-74 has almost doubled, from around 20% in 1999 to 38% in 2017. The share of women in work has also risen by more than 10 percentage points since the start of EMU to almost 60% – its highest level ever. In addition, countries that have implemented structural reforms have in general seen a rise in labour demand in recent years compared with the pre-crisis period. Germany, Portugal and Spain are all good examples.
The second consideration that points to the resilience of domestic demand is the strong link between consumption and job growth in the euro area. Consumption is much more conducive to jobs than exports, reflecting the higher labour-intensity of services, which are the bulk of consumers' expenditure. In contrast, exports have a higher manufacturing content and are less labour intensive. This is one reason why the labour market recovery was not affected by the contraction in world trade in 2015-16.
In fact, the continued strength of consumption may explain why firms are still hiring even as growth slows, with permanent contracts accounting for the vast majority of the increase in employment this year. But clearly this could change if firms start to see the slowdown as more persistent.
The third consideration is the still very favourable financing conditions in the euro area, underpinned by our accommodative monetary policy.
The cost of bank borrowing for firms fell to record lows in the first half of this year across all large euro area economies, while the growth of loans to firms stood at its highest rate since 2012. The growth rate of loans to households is also the strongest since 2012, with consumer credit now acting as the most dynamic component, reflecting the ongoing strength of consumption. Household net worth remains at solid levels on the back of rising house prices and is adding to continued consumption growth.
But there are some risks to financing conditions as well.
Lack of fiscal consolidation in high-debt countries increases their vulnerability to shocks, whether those shocks are autonomously produced by questioning the rules of EMU's architecture, or are imported through financial contagion. So far, the rise in sovereign spreads has been mostly restricted to the first case and contagion across countries has been limited.
Such developments feed into tighter bank lending conditions for the real economy. To date, though some repricing in bank lending is happening where the rise in spreads has been more significant, overall bank funding costs remain near historical lows in all large countries, thanks to a steady deposit base.
Other risks stem from the possibility of a disorderly increase in global risk premia. The reaction of asset prices to surprise inflation in other jurisdictions at a more advanced stage in the business cycle, a return to the financial deregulation that was the primary cause of the financial crisis, and fragilities in several emerging market economies exposed to currency mismatches, are all risks that warrant close monitoring.
So, how is the growth picture affecting the outlook for inflation? Here we need to assess to what extent wage growth will be robust to slowing growth momentum, and to what extent wage increases will pass through to prices.
The link between output growth and wage growth in the euro area has strengthened compared with recent years. As the domestic expansion continues, wage pressures have started to build and have surprised on the upside this year. Annual growth in compensation per employee reached 2.3% in the second quarter. This increase is broad-based and present across most sectors and euro area economies.
Two factors suggest wage growth should be resilient to a period of slower growth.
The first is that the labour market is already showing signs of tightness, and this should remain the case so long as growth continues at or above potential. Labour shortages have become more prominent and widespread across the euro area. Broader measures of slack – that include underemployed workers – have also fallen substantially, although there is still some heterogeneity across countries.
The second factor is the changing composition of wage growth. The initial pick-up in wages from the trough in 2016 was driven by wage drift, which includes components such as bonuses and overtime and tends to react more quickly to the cycle. But more recently negotiated wages have strengthened, rising from the trough of 1.4% in mid-2016 to 2.2% in the second quarter of 2018. Negotiated wage agreements frequently last two or three years, suggesting that higher rates of wage growth are likely to persist.
However, the next leg of the inflation process – the pass-through of wage growth to prices – remains relatively muted. Measures of underlying inflation, such as core inflation, continue to hover around 1% and have yet to show a convincing upward trend.
To some extent, this lagged response is in line with the standard pattern of demand-driven expansions in the euro area. As demand picks up, employment initially reacts slowly, which boosts overall productivity and lifts margins. Firms therefore have little need to increase prices. But as the expansion matures, businesses increase wages more strongly to attract labour, and unit labour costs rise, squeezing margins and putting upward pressure on prices.
This pattern has been visible in the euro area since the start of 2017. Unit labour cost growth fell initially last year, but rose measurably this year to reach 1.6% in the second quarter, its strongest rate since the start of 2013. There is evidence that margins are now being squeezed, with unit profit growth decreasing substantially from 2.7% in the third quarter of 2017 to 0.7% in the second quarter of 2018. We should therefore expect price pressures in the euro area to mount.
However, the speed of this process is state-dependent. Preliminary ECB research finds that the recent history of inflation is a key factor in the speed and strength of the pass-through from wages to prices. The pass-through is systematically faster and stronger in periods of higher inflation than in periods of lower inflation.
Thus, following several years of low inflation in the euro area, a more tentative pass-through of wages to prices is understandable. But as labour costs rise, the buffer room for absorbing cost increases through margins will eventually vanish. As price increases become more widespread and firms become more confident about their pricing power, we should see a higher degree of pass-through.
That said, if firms start to become more uncertain about the growth and inflation outlook, the squeeze on margins could prove more persistent. This would affect the speed with which underlying inflation picks up and therefore the inflation path that we expect to see in the quarters ahead.
When the Governing Council met in October, we confirmed our confidence in the economic outlook. The underlying strength of domestic demand and wages continues to support our view that the sustained convergence of inflation to our aim will proceed. But in the light of the lags between wages and prices after a period of low inflation, patience and persistence in our monetary policy is still needed.
With monetary policy providing a significant degree of stimulus through our interest rate policy, stock of acquired assets and reinvestments of maturing bonds, the Governing Council assessed that inflation convergence could be maintained even after a gradual winding-down of our net asset purchases. Subject to incoming data confirming this assessment, we anticipate that net asset purchases will come to an end in December.
However, the Governing Council also noted that uncertainties surrounding the medium-term outlook have increased. When the latest round of projections is available at our next meeting in December, we will be better placed to make a full assessment of the risks to growth and inflation.
We have conveyed that we expect interest rates to remain at their present levels at least through the summer of 2019, and in any case for as long as necessary to ensure that inflation continues to move towards our aim in a sustained manner. And we have stated that reinvestments will continue for an extended period of time after the end of net purchases, and in any case for as long as necessary to maintain favourable liquidity conditions and an ample degree of monetary accommodation.
The nature of this forward guidance is contingent on economic developments and therefore acts as an automatic stabiliser. If financial or liquidity conditions should tighten unduly or if the inflation outlook should deteriorate, our reaction function is well defined. This should in turn be reflected in an adjustment in the expected path of future interest rates.
Our forward guidance has been effective in anchoring expectations about the future path of interest rates and preventing an undue tightening of monetary policy caused by premature expectations of policy normalisation. It has also helped shield financial conditions in the euro area from policy changes in other jurisdictions.
In conclusion, I want to emphasise how completing Economic and Monetary Union has become more urgent over time not less urgent – and not only for the economic reasoning that has always underpinned my remarks, but also to preserve our European construction.
This is my last speech at this conference as President of the ECB, and in preparing for it, I looked back at the speech I gave here in November 2011. There I lamented that the economic crisis would require a faster pace in strengthening the Monetary Union, especially for decisions that had already been taken.
This perhaps has a familiar ring today. Since then, the work has been remarkable, but it is still far from finished.
The completion of the banking union in all its dimensions, including risk reduction, and the start of the capital markets union through implementing all ongoing initiatives by 2019, have now become as urgent as the first steps were in euro area crisis management seven years ago.
These are urgent today not because of an economic crisis that we have successfully addressed, but because they are the best response to the threats that are being levied at our monetary union: to these threats, more Europe is the answer.
See Deutsche Bundesbank, Monthly Report, October 2018.
Data for France and Italy are only available up to the second quarter of 2018.
See Anderton, R., Aranki, T., Bonthuis, B. and Jarvis, V., "Disaggregating Okun's law − Decomposing the impact of the expenditure components of GDP on euro area unemployment", Working Paper Series, No 1747, ECB, Frankfurt am Main, December 2014.
See Gumiel, J. and Hahn, E., "The role of wages in the pick-up of inflation", Economic Bulletin, Issue 5, ECB, 2018.
Bobeica, E., Ciccarelli, M. and Vansteenkiste, I., "The link between labor costs and price inflation in the euro area", paper prepared for the XXII Annual Conference at the Central Bank of Chile, Santiago, 26 October 2018.
See Draghi, M. (2011), "Continuity, consistency and credibility", speech at the 21st Frankfurt European Banking Congress "The Big Shift", Frankfurt am Main, 18 November 2011.


text:
The Villainess
Exploding onto the screen in a kinetic flurry of hyper-stylised action, The Villainess is a stunning vengeance film that draws its inspiration from western classics including Nikita and Kill Bill...
Sook-hee (Kim Ok-bin, Thirst) is a trained assassin who takes revenge on the men who murdered her father in a breathtaking opening sequence. After losing consciousness she awakes at the National Intelligence Service who recruit her as an agent to undertake confidential missions. Initially refusing, Sook-hee soon realises it is her only method of escape, until she is assigned a new assignment that changes everything...
Deliriously indulging in the excesses of South Korean action, recalling Park Chan-wook s Oldboy, The Villainess is a visionary new take on the neo-noir genre and an incredible thrill ride not to be missed.
SPECIAL EDITION CONTENTS:
High Definition 1080p presentation
Optional English subtitles
Original 5.1 DTS HD-MA
Audio commentary with filmmakers and critics Sam Ashurst and Dan Martin.
Ok-bin Kim
Ha-kyun Shin
Jun Sung
Seo-hyeong Kim
Eun-ji Jo
Ye-Ji Min
Byung-gil Jung
129 mins approx.
Theatrical Release Year:
Quick Buy Climax
The Happiness Of The Katakuris
Quick Buy The Happiness Of The Katakuris
Quick Buy The Black Cat
Don't Torture A Duckling - Dual Format (Includes DVD)
Quick Buy Don't Torture A Duckling - Dual Format (Includes DVD)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Apostle Paul reminded the members of the Corinthian Church that those with authority were not there to be overbearing or manipulative, but rather to be "… helpers of your joy: for by faith ye stand" (2 Corinthians 1:24). All encouragement, correction and instruction in the Church is aimed to this end.
We see that each of us has a contribution to make towards the wellbeing of our fellow members in the Church. It is not the responsibility of only those in official positions in the Church to be 'helpers of our joy' but it is a Biblical role in which we are all called to take a part.
Joy is not synonymous with happiness. The joy that is a fruit of the Holy Spirit is not dependent on feelings and external circumstances. It is dependent on the confidence that God gives Spirit-filled people, which is that God will meet our needs according to His Word in every situation. Joy is evidence of the dialogue that exists between God and His people. It is knowledge that circumstances pass, but a Spirit-filled relationship with God is eternal. Joy is not transitory; it is steadfast confidence in God's immutability (1 Peter 1 6–9).
As members of the Church, we are each to live the best life we can and get the most out of our experience, faith and works. This can only happen through our interaction with the Lord and with each other. Trials and tribulations are usually a result of our interaction with the things of world. Although in the Church we are protected from this in many ways, challenging situations cannot be avoided, until Jesus comes again. When troubles come, we are to be there to support and help each other, not just to leave it to the oversight of the Church.
There are times when intervention by the oversight is the only option but, generally, we are expected to build each other up in the ways of the Lord. We are expected to be responsible for our own joy as well as the joy of other members of the Church. As we help and support the joy of others, we enhance and build up our own. This is one of the great secrets of getting the most out our lives now and forever after.
Jesus was a servant of all as well as a servant of God's Word. If we are serving God's Word we are helping our joy. Paul reminds us that there is "… an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven …" for those "… kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation ready to be revealed in the last time" (1 Peter 1:3–5).
As a result of the Lord's death and resurrection, an amazing inheritance awaits the members of the Church who are co-heirs with Jesus Christ (Ephesians 1:17-21 and Romans 8:17). Lift your understanding and appreciate what God has reserved for each one of us. This is an eternal inheritance — not one of things that pass away. This is helping our joy.
Jesus said: "I love you just as the Father loves me; remain in my love. If you obey my commands, you will remain in my love, just as I have obeyed my Father's commands and remain in his love. I have told you this so that my joy may be in you and that your joy may be complete. My commandment is this: love one another, just as I love you. The greatest love you can have for your friends is to give your life for them. And you are my friends if you do what I command you. I do not call you servants any longer, because servants do not know what their master is doing. Instead, I call you friends, because I have told you everything I heard from my Father. You did not choose me; I chose you and appointed you to go and bear much fruit, the kind of fruit that endures. And so the Father will give you whatever you ask of him in my name. This, then, is what I command you: love one another" (John 15:9–17 GNT).


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My order still says processing! Can you check on my order?
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So it should be processed and shipped tomorrow right?
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New Zealand Army soldiers from Alpha Company. Image:Official U.S. Navy Page/Flickr.
This article was originally published by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute on 24 August, 2015.
This article was originally published by IPI Global Observatory on 11 August 2015.
This article was originally published by the Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS) on 17 August, 2015.


We're Officially in the Age of MalWar.
In the first week of June, NY Times Reporter David E. Sanger published an article titled "How a Secret Cyberwar Program Worked." This article was actually a sneak preview into David's new book that has now been released titled: "Confront and Conceal" This claim was far from unbelievable as many CyberSecurity professionals, (myself included) had already guessed that the United States and/or Israel had to be behind the "Stuxnet", and also the newfound "Flame" viruses.
What was unbelievable was that this was published at all, especially by a United States citizen. This borders on the line of treason and if it was 20 years ago, anyone reporting this to the world would have been called a traitor and brought up on federal charges. For at the past few years, we have been living in a new age, the age of "CyberWarfare".
Through Mr. Sanger, The New York Times revealed — a report citing anonymous "sources" involved in the program — that two White House administrations and Israel collaborated to create the Stuxnet worm and deployed it to attack an Iranian nuclear facility. According to the Times, the operation dubbed "Olympic Games" began during the George W. Bush administration, when frustration over Iran's developing nuclear program was at a fever pitch in 2006. The CIA had tried more traditional means of sabotaging Iran's nuclear facility, attempting to get faulty and even booby-trapped parts set to explode into the facility, but with little success.
In the last few years of the Bush presidency, a bit of code called a beacon was developed and smuggled into the Iranian facility. Its job was to gather information on the SCADA computer systems, essentially creating an electronic map that would then be sent back to the National Security Agency. The beacon did its job and its findings, coupled with some follow-up research and experimentation in a joint effort between Washington and Israel, yielded the development of Stuxnet. The idea behind the worm was to infiltrate the systems that control centrifuges, which spin at high speeds to separate uranium molecules. The virus would vary the speeds of the spinning machines rapidly, speeding them up and slowing them down in quick succession until the delicate parts gave way under the stress.
In 2010, the worm escaped the confines of the Iranian plant, apparently on an engineer's personal laptop. It soon began to propagate itself on the Internet, and when discovered by security researchers, it made worldwide headlines. Even with the cat out of the bag, Obama pressed on and shortly thereafter the worm took down nearly 1,000 centrifuges. Several years after President Bush had marked Iran in his infamous "Axis of Evil" State of the Union speech, the United States and Israel had launched a successful attack to do real (if only temporary) damage to the country's infrastructure. The weapon started on a USB thumb drive and the ammunition was a chunk of code – the initial tools of CyberWarfare.
The main problem with Iran knowing who is behind the attack is of course the threat of retaliation. The threat of Cyber Retaliation is going to be a major problem because it doesn't cost as much to write some malicious code as it does to strengthen a military. Iran has just created its own Computer Emergency Response Team, and it will not be long before it begins training and enlisting malicious coders to help it mount a retaliation.
CyberWarfare doesn't just break down the importance of geographic boundaries, it also strips away the prominence of political boundaries and nation-states themselves. Just as terror networks driven by ideology rather than nationalism changed how we think about national and global security, CyberWarfare further decentralizes those threats. Fifteen years ago, the simplest way to launch a strike on Iran's infrastructure (to say nothing of planning for Iran's likely retaliation) might have involved a supersonic bomber taking off from a base in Missouri, dropping a payload and heading back home. The resources to pull off that single bomb run have required many years, several big defense contracts and several billions in taxpayer dollars to create. That means that the barrier to entry for engaging in global warfare was pretty much restricted to nations. Now, in the age of MalWar, that bar has been lowered dramatically.
While worms like Stuxnet and the recently discovered Flame are believed to be so complex that they could only have been created with the backing of a large government, that won't be true forever, and it may not even be true any longer as I write this, if it ever was.
In fact, as Data Center Pro and MIT's Technology Review point out, hackers have already begun to learn from Stuxnet, and some of the worm's code even showed up in TDL-4, the so-called "indestructible" zombie botnet. This means the confusing array of hacks, DDOSes and defacements perpetrated by Anonymous, AntiSec and other groups (if you can even call them that) with a dizzying variety of names, structures, associations and motives could be just the beginning.
Many of the world's Industrial Control Systems like those Stuxnet infiltrated are woefully short on anti-virus and basic security protection, and the foundation for launching CyberWarfare on them is now loose in the wild. It may not be long until a now unknown group conducts an attack on a power plant to make a political statement, or takes down a sewage treatment plant.


In Japanese aesthetics, imperfection, impermanence, and incompleteness are defined to express the beauty of arts. Wabi–sabi (侘寂) is the term that is used in Japanese to describe all these aspects and it consists of many characteristics. The use of moss in a Japanese garden represents one of the characteristics of wabi-sabi, that of "simplicity." With sufficient humidity, moss is a plant that is easy to grow, especially in Vancouver where we have plenty of rain. There are several reasons why Japanese gardens tend to use moss instead of grass. First, moss grows fairly slowly. The slow growth of moss symbolizes longevity, an elements of Japanese aesthetics. In contrast, grass usually grows quickly. The swift growth of grass may make the garden appear more aggressive and less calm. Second, there are numerous types of moss. Different types of moss offer different colors and shapes and can thus be used to create various styles of scenery. Last but not least, moss is very fragile. Japanese gardens provide a different feeling from gardens in the West. On a sunny weekend, you might find Western people using gardens to barbecue, play frisbee, or tan as a site for enjoyment and play. In contrast, Japanese gardens do not invite such activities but instead engender tranquility, calm, and peace. Therefore, the physical fragility of the moss, which must be treated more carefully, gives a mood of peacefulness. This vibrant green plant connects everything to nature and hence becomes one of the most important elements in Japanese gardens.
Plants, rock, sand, water are essential features of the Japanese garden. Plants are carefully arranged around the Nitobe gardens to imitate nature. There are many plants in the garden, but moss is one of the signature plants. In Japan, moss is regarded as an essential element, which has been used in Japanese gardens for centuries. Moss represents islands in the Japanese gardens, It provide a very neat and tailored look, and are deep shades of green. You can see large areas in Nitobe garden covered with moss, it grows on stone lanterns, side roads, and garden stones. The stone steppers among the moss are designed to allow passage without damage to the cushiony surface.
Vancouver is not a perfect place for growing moss, Vancouver is too dry, which couldn't provides a humid climate in all seasons. Although Vancouver has a long rain season, rain isn't actually necessary for moss to thrive. More important than the average annual rainfall is the air humidity. And even without rain, moss can also survive periods of drought.
According to the presentation by Sugiyama, he says Japanese people like imperfection in nature and arts. The imperfection form is referred as Wabi-Sabi, it plays an important role in moss popularity. Mosses grow seemingly at random and in asymmetrical patterns, it shows the perfect in imperfection. Moss doesn't grow dramatically overnight,it takes many years to grow and cover a stone. Such slow growing indicating a long aging process, which make Japanese people see the beauty inherently.
"Real Japanese Gardens." Moss in the Japanese Garden. Web. 29,Feb. 2016. <http://www.japanesegardens.jp/plants/000112.php>.
Sugiyama, Ryo. "Nitobe Garden." Lecture, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, September 24, 2016.
"What's Behind Japan's Moss Obsession?" The Conversation. Web.29,Feb. 2016. <http://theconversation.com/whats-behind-japans-moss-obsession-50500>.


Sage Financials: What's New in Sage Financials January 2019 Upgrade?
The New Year brings us a variety of new features, improvements, and fixes to Sage Financials (previously known as Sage Live). January's upgrade is a push upgrade and will be automatically applied to your org by Sage. If you want to test this first in Sandbox we encourage you to reach out to your support partner who will have access to the upgrade for you. This upgrade introduces email grouping for sales documents, improvements to contracts and improvements to aged debt and reports, amongst many other things.
Sage has introduced a much more flexible and effective way to allocate payments to sales and purchases on account and credit notes. From one place you can allocate all types of credits and debits which applies to both Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable. The improvements will let you manage partial and full allocations for multiple or single currencies, easily. You will be able to reorder lists using the column headings and filter the lists by date. Another improvement includes being able to allocate and view all unallocated debits and credits. This includes payments on account, invoices, refunds and credit notes. You will also be able to allocate multiple dates to multiple credits.
You can now process multiple contracts straight away from the contracts list which will minimise time. You can select the date you wish to process up to, invoices will then be generated that are scheduled up to the date you've chosen.
The quantity on invoices for a pro-rata period are now shown as a pro-rata amount to improve the clarity of invoices generated from sales contracts.
Both the Aged Debts Retrospective and Aged Credit Retrospective reports have been updated to new versions. The reports will now provide a full overview of all the different document types and can, therefore, be used for reconciliation purposes. Your existing reports will automatically be updated with the new versions.
Previously, an email was sent per document. January's upgrade will ensure all documents with the same contact will group together on a single email when multiple sales documents are selected from a list and sent by email.
Ledger Accounts, Actions, and Lists have a new field which allows you to de-activate them when required.
Remove ledger accounts from the list views and lookups to deactivate them. To prevent them from being added to dimensions and tags, clear the Active check box.
You can hide list views that you don't want to use by clearing the active checkbox. This makes the list view stop displaying but it will still remain.
You can hide actions that you don't want to use by clearing the active checkbox. This makes the action stop displaying but it will still remain.
The Bill to and Ship to addresses when creating a Purchase Order are now populated based on the addresses from the selected company.
You can now configure the Description on ledger items which are populated based on expressions. You can include information such as a fixed piece of text, the supplier invoice number, supplier name and identify when the invoice value was more than a certain amount.
The rebuild ledger balance utility works more efficiently, beneficial if you have a large dataset. You can run one batch per company and fiscal year and run only in the current company.
Making Tax Digital (UK Only) – An effective and compliant way to account for transactions with a tax point date that belongs to a tax submission that has already been made will be introduced in this upgrade. You are able to identify late transactions and choose how to process them appropriately. This feature is currently only available via the MTD submission for businesses taking part in the MTD beta phase.
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Gioca nel ruolo di centrale nel .

Carriera

Club
La carriera di Monika Martałek inizia a livello giovanile in un club della sua città natale, il Klub sportowy Częstochowianka. In seguito, tra il 2005 ed il 2009, fa parte della formazione federale dello . Debutta poi da professionista nella stagione 2009-10 con la maglia del  di Piła in Liga Siatkówki Kobiet, restando legata al club per cinque stagioni.

Nella stagione 2013-14 viene ingaggiata dall' di Breslavia, dove resta per quattro stagioni, per poi passare al  nell'annata 2017-18, al termine della quale si ferma per un anno per maternità.

Rientra in campo per la stagione 2019-20 accettando la proposta del , sempre nel massimo campionato polacco.

Nazionale
Nel 2012 fa il suo debutto nella nazionale polacca.

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Bethlehem Periodontics | Straka Periodontics > Implants > Are You A Candidate For Implants?
Dental implants are intimately connected with the gum tissues and underlying bone in the mouth. Since periodontists are the dental experts who specialize in precisely these areas, they are ideal members of your dental implant team. Not only do periodontist have the experience working with other dental professionals, they also have the special knowledge, training and facilities that you need to have teeth that look and feel just like your own.
Dr. Straka will work with you and your restorative dentist to make your dreams come true.
• Multiple implants can be placed to be restored as a cemented bridge.
• 2-3 implants can function to hold a denture in place.


Tegalalang Rice terrace : is Located on the north-south road from Kintamani . Various wood handy craft and small mosaic can be found along the road in this village . Very colorful carvings of flowers, animals and other designs are displayed , and of course a beautiful rice field. Tegallalang Rice Terrace has beautiful view with coconut trees and beautiful small river valley. and ticket visiting tegalalang rice terrace is 10.000 IDR per person where we can purchase directly in the central parking ticket counter there .
Ubud Monkey Forest : finding this place is very easy, is located in the central of Ubud Village and it is just about 1 hour drive from Seminyak Town. Ubud Monkey Forest is a small rain forest dwelt by some group of monkeys. and there is also holy poll there where visitor can trow a coin and make a wish , as usual what ever we wish is become true, and visiting this monkey forest there is ticket 50.000 IDR per person .
Ubud Tours Duration Approx 10 hours include : Professional English Speaking Driver Modern Air Conditioned Van, Petrol,Parking fee.


FinancingIndianapolis board certified plastic surgeons: Dr. William Sando and Dr. John Aker of My Plastic Surgery Group, offer over 50 years of combined experience and expertise in providing the best in surgical care and results to the greater Indianapolis area. Achieving beautiful and natural results with unparalleled warmth and care, Dr. Sando and Dr. Aker bring artistry and attention to detail to every individual patient's goals. Whether the changes sought through plastic surgery are subtle or dramatic, My Plastic Surgery Group strives to ensure that all patients are thoroughly educated about their surgical and non-surgical plastic surgery options. We pride ourselves on compassionate patient care, an excellent track record of safety, and consistently natural results. Dr. Sando and Dr. Aker are Board Certified Diplomats of the American Board of Plastic Surgery and Members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. My Plastic Surgery Group has also been recognized multiple times as one of Indy's Top Docs in cosmetic surgery.
Our board certified plastic surgeons specialize in all aspects of plastic surgery: Breast Procedures include hidden scar breast augmentation, breast lift, breast implants, and breast reduction. Facial Rejuvenation includes facelift, rhinoplasty, browlift/forehead lift, blepharoplasty (eyelid procedure), and laser skin resurfacing. Body Contouring includes CoolSculpting, i-Lipo, Venus Freeze, liposuction,drainless tummy tuck, and body contouring after massive weight loss, (e.g. body lift, thigh lift, arm lift, and extended tummy tuck). The popular "mommy makeover" package rejuvenates the breast with a breast lift with or without breast implants, the abdomen with a tummy tuck resulting in a flat, tight, more toned tummy, and the newest option added to the mommy makeover package, labiaplasty. The packages are individually constructed according to the patient's goals.
My Plastic Surgery Group introduced to Indiana and has continued to perfect and to lead in the technique of hidden scar breast augmentation (endo breast augmentation or endoscopic breast augmentation) through-the-underarm as well as the development of a nationally recognized approach to augment and to lift the breast in one operation. Both saline and silicone gel implants can be placed through the underarm approach, which leaves no scar on the breast.
Not only in breast surgery, but also in body contouring, My Plastic Surgery Group has been cutting-edge pioneers in the approach of of drainless surgery – abdominoplasty, flankplasty, thighlift, armlift, facelift, and liposuction, even for massive weight loss patients. These techniques not only avoid drains, but also thereby minimize risks of infection, fluid collections, messy fluid leaks, and pain (including uncomfortable drain removals) and also create improved scars.
My Plastic Surgery Group has been awarded Black Diamond status with Allergan, distributors of Botox, Juvederm, Voluma, and Latisse, in recognition of our commitment to excellence in injectable safety and quality of results. Monthly specials are available for Botox & Juvederm.
Over the years, we have had several offices in Indiana including Indianapolis, Carmel and Noblesville. In 2008, we relocated back to Carmel, IN, into our new spacious office to better serve your needs. Our patients visit us from Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan and Illinois. Most of our patients arrive from all over Indiana including but not limited to, Terre Haute, Greenwood, Lafayette, Avon, Lebanon, Muncie, Evansville, South Bend and Bloomington.
We welcome you to our website, and trust you will find it informative and comforting. We know it takes a great deal of courage to discuss very personal concerns with us. We strive to justify your trust in the most confidential fashion. Dr. Sando and Dr. Aker have been honored with many "Best Doctor" and "Top Doctors" awards and are involved in the education of new plastic surgeons. All of us at My Plastic Surgery Group are here to help you make the right choice at the right time. Please, take your time and browse our site to learn more about the many plastic surgery options offered at our practice such as breast augmentation, tummy tucks, liposuction, facelifts, blepharoplasty, rhinoplasty, and more. Be sure to visit Non-Surgical Options and Skin Care Services to learn about the products and treatments we offer.
We invite and encourage you to view our before and after photos of real patients, frequently asked patient questions and patient testimonials. You will see that change can be empowering yet very natural.
After you have enjoyed learning about your options, feel free to contact us about any other questions you may have and to schedule a consultation. Our Board Certified Plastic Surgeons will enable you to feel comfortable making a decision that is right for you. When we become your plastic surgery team, you will find that we are personally involved in all aspects of your care both before and after cosmetic surgery.
We Look Forward To Accompanying You On Your Journey. Learn more or ask a question on our Plastic Surgery Blog.
Call us today to schedule your consultation with Dr. Sando and Dr. Aker at (317)848-5512.


The Automated Commercial Environment, or ACE, has been reshaping US importing and exporting for the last 12 months as the different trade processes, filings and reports are implemented in the new CBP system. What has all this meant for the trade and specifically for those operating in US Foreign-Trade Zones (FTZs)?
With the next deadline of May 31st on the horizon, which includes the mandatory filing of some zone entries and entry summaries in ACE, and as more Participating Government Agencies (PGAs) are requiring electronic filing of data on these ACE filings, companies utilizing FTZs are looking for resources to help guide them with meeting this deadline.
Integration Point and the Rockefeller Group invites you to join us for a free, educational 60 minute webcast to learn more about PGA filing requirements specific to FTZs and resources that will make this transition to ACE easier. The webcast will be held on Thursday, April 21, 2016 at 11:00 a.m. EST and will provide attendees with a chance to learn about PGA requirements for FTZs, questions to consider in finding the data needed and timing requirements when it comes to ACE and PGA reporting. The presenter, Rebecca Williams, Managing Director of Rockefeller Group Foreign Trade Zone Services, will walk attendees through the requirements, timing, and available resources during this webcast.
Understanding the current schedule for PGA data collection in ACE.


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Why Are Some Progressives Gloating over Libya?
Even if the president led the NATO coalition from behind, he led his country into war from practically another planet.
By Peter Certo, August 25, 2011 .
(Alexandre Meneghini / AP)
As presumably ousted Libyan leader Moammar Gaddafi remains in absentia, as Saif al-Islam Gaddafi emerges a free man after his alleged "capture," as fighting continues in Tripoli, as murmurs pick up of NATO ground troops in Libya, and as myriad questions linger about the cohesion of the rebel forces who ousted Gaddafi and the intransigent loyalist forces who remain, it is easy enough to conclude that Libya's civil war is far from settled.
Certainly, most post-mortems on the subject pay some or another degree of lip service to this particular narrative inconvenience, even as they also tell us what "lessons" there are to be gained from America's latest encounter with regime change in the Middle East – on the vindication of "leading from behind," on the extent to which President Obama is owed credit, on the effectiveness of NATO's various methods of infiltrating the rebel ranks and coordinating their activities, and so forth.
This is more or less to be expected; journalists and bloggers have pressing deadlines and hungry audiences – and also perhaps editors who would find it remiss of them to pass up such a salient media hook just to gain a little more nuance or perspective.
However, there is something a bit unseemly about some of the coverage so far, and mostly it comes from progressive or Democratic-leaning outlets: boasting.
This was perhaps best encapsulated by a Think Progress tweet flagged by Glenn Greenwald, which asked, "Does John Boehner still believe military operations in Libya are illegal?" Greenwald, clearly irked, responded, "The towering irrationality of this taunt is manifest… What comments like this one are designed to accomplish is to exploit and manipulate the emotions surrounding Gaddafi's fall to shame and demonize war critics and dare them to question the War President now in light of his glorious triumph."
Greenwald points out, as have others since, that hardly anyone, whether critic or champion, ever doubted the ability of a NATO bombing campaign to oust Gaddafi. The realization of this objective (which, although it seems quaint to point out now, was not the objective authorized by the UN Security Council) is immaterial to questions about the legality, practicality, or appropriateness of the war – and this was of course a war, despite the White House's weirdly Orwellian insistence to the contrary.
To the credit of Think Progress, which usually does commendable work uncovering the networks and rhetorical excesses of neoconservatives and sundry other militarists in the Washington establishment, it has also run cautionary posts about the "shades of Iraq" in Libya and on the uncertainties that lie ahead for the country. But for the most part these have succeeded or run alongside a handful of posts blasting various members of the GOP for "refusing" to credit President Obama with Gaddafi's fall, or else a celebratory post showcasing a "Thank You" banner for the U.S. and its allies held up by Libyan demonstrators in Benghazi.
Certainly Libya is no Iraq or Afghanistan. And no doubt the hypocrisy of certain GOP politicians' pronouncements on Libya, vis-à-vis their views on Iraq or Afghanistan (or even their previously stated views on Libya), has often bordered on breathtaking. It's also admittedly hard not to be moved by the surreal scene of a U.S. president being honored in an Arab city – and not least at what the revolutionaries have accomplished so far.
But mostly I am taken by the similarities of such remarks to those that have appeared in neoconservative publications like Commentary, where editor Jonathan Tobin called the day of Tripoli's fall "a bad day for Libyan intervention critics," or the National Review, where torture apologist extraordinaire John Yoo declared that "Qaddafi's fall should embarrass GOP isolationists," even generously assessing the affair "a half-victory" for Obama.
Of course, it doesn't really matter in the long run (or now, for that matter) whether the GOP gives any credit to Obama. And the efficacy of "leading from behind" is hardly the fundamental question about the U.S. approach to Libya, no matter how much mud some Republicans threw at it.
The crux of the matter is that even if the president led the NATO coalition from behind, he led his country into war from practically another planet. The administration scarcely shrugged when Congress voted against authorizing the Libya campaign, an authorization the administration had only sought belatedly because it was insisting all along that the United States was not actually "at war." By then NATO was already waging a thinly veiled, open-ended campaign for regime change that hardly squared with the UN mandate to protect civilians in Benghazi (a mandate the United States may well have helped secure by agreeing to look the other way as Saudi Arabia helped quash the nascent democratic uprisings in Bahrain and beyond).
Unseemly developments still emanate from Tripoli: the $1.6 million reward Libyan business leaders have placed on Gaddafi's head, for one, or the all-too-eager preparations of multinational oil companies to extract new contracts from the rubble of the Gaddafi regime – perhaps on the tail of UN or NATO ground troops. Progressives should be warier about gloating over another war that smells unsubtly of oil.
One hopes this chapter ends happily for the Libyan people, and certainly the taunts of Libya hawks will be endurable if it does. But no progressive should celebrate yet another circumvention – this one by a Nobel Peace Prize winner, no less – of the mechanisms intended to prevent the wanton and unaccountable waging of war.
Issues: Uncategorized
Tags: Barack Obama, Gaddafi, Libya, libya intervention, Libyan Revolution, NATO, Obama foreign policy, U.S. and NATO airstrikes on Libya
We sniff out issues hiding in the foreign-policy forest and haul them back to the laboratory for inspection. We examine the anterior, posterior, and underside of an issue, as well as its shadows.
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Babcock Ranch è una città recentissima, che si propone di essere interamente alimentata da energia solare. I primi residenti vi si sono trasferiti nel 2017.

Essa si trova in Florida, Stati Uniti d'America, vicino alla città di Fort Myers. Il progetto, non ancora completamente ultimato, è portato avanti dalla Florida Power&Light per quanto riguarda l'aspetto energetico, e dall'agenzia immobiliare Kitson & Partners, la quale si occupa dell'aspetto urbanistico e acquistò questo territorio nel 2006.

Energia

Modello energetico
Babcock Ranch è una città alimentata da energia solare. Il progetto, almeno per quanto riguarda il punto di vista energetico, ebbe il sostegno del governo statunitense, in quanto conforme alle proposte del presidente dell'epoca, Barack Obama, che richiedevano la produzione attraverso fonti rinnovabili del 25% dell'energia necessaria al fabbisogno degli Stati Uniti entro il 2025.
Babcock Ranch prevede l'installazione di pannelli solari su oltre 1,6 km² di territorio, che si andranno a sommare con quelli situati sui tetti di ogni struttura. Tale superficie è la più grande al mondo mai progettata e si prevede riuscirà a produrre 75 MW. Tale valore non solo dovrebbe essere sufficiente a coprire l'intero fabbisogno energetico della città, ma dovrebbe fornire un'ulteriore parte di energia da distribuire ai centri urbani vicini.
Durante le ore di buio o in caso di cielo nuvoloso, l'energia sarà ripresa dalla rete. Tuttavia si prevede che, in media, la quantità di energia necessaria in questi casi sia minore di quella ceduta alla rete durante la produzione a pieno regime della centrale solare.
Attualmente il piano previsto per il pagamento dell'energia utilizzata dai residenti prevede fasce orarie con prezzi distinti, tuttavia non si posseggono informazioni dettagliate.

Smart Grid
Smart Grid è il nome dato alla rete di distribuzione energetica che sarà integrata nel centro urbano. È costituita da una tecnologia che permetterà di monitorare e ottimizzare i consumi di ogni abitazione e ufficio. Il sistema tenterà di distribuire automaticamente, all'interno delle fasce orarie aventi minor costo, le operazioni che possono essere rimandate ma richiedono un elevato consumo di energia.
È, inoltre, prevista la totale integrazione di Smart Grid con i residenti che vorranno produrre autonomamente parte dell'energia necessaria al proprio fabbisogno. L'energia in eccesso sarà detratta dal pagamento dovuto ed immessa nel sistema per essere ridistribuita agli utenti che, invece, ne necessitano.
Smart Grid sarà dotata di un sistema di backup che interverrà in caso di tempesta o guasto. Questo sistema sarà realizzato grazie a due reti di distribuzione dell'energia separate ma completamente identiche. Se quella principale dovesse presentare un problema, il flusso energetico sarà automaticamente reindirizzato nella rete secondaria sino a riparazioni completate. In tal modo eventuali mancanze di corrente elettrica dovrebbero essere scongiurate o durare pochi secondi.

Illuminazione stradale e trasporti
L'energia necessaria all'illuminazione stradale di Babcock Ranch sarà ottenuta attraverso appositi pannelli solari, muniti di batteria, collegati ad ogni punto luce: durante le ore diurne l'energia sarà accumulata per essere poi spesa in quelle di buio. Lo scopo è quello di ridurre ulteriormente il carico della centrale solare.
In Babcock Ranch, inoltre, sarà incentivata la circolazione con mezzi di trasporto elettrici o ibridi. Sarà possibile effettuare rifornimento di elettricità presso apposite torrette dislocate su tutto il territorio cittadino ed integrate con il sistema Smart Grid.

Strutture e domotica
Il nucleo urbano di Babcock Ranch si estenderà per circa 71 km², meno della metà di questi sarà riservata alle strutture vere e proprie.
È prevista la presenza di 19.500 abitazioni, per la maggior parte concentrate in palazzi anch'essi dotati di pannelli fotovoltaici. Le abitazioni dovrebbero permettere di ospitare oltre 45.000 abitanti.
Per uffici, piccole industrie e vendita al dettaglio saranno, invece, riservati oltre 550.000 m² di superficie ed un ulteriore spazio sarà dedicato a scuole e centri sportivi.

Smart Home
Ogni abitazione sarà dotata di un sistema domotico denominato Smart Home. Questo sistema comunicherà direttamente con Smart Grid e permetterà ai residenti di programmare ogni aspetto della propria abitazione. Alcuni dei servizi attualmente previsti includono l'automatizzazione di temperatura ambientale e intensità luminosa, il monitoraggio in tempo reale di consumi sia elettrici che idrici e molteplici timer che spaziano da semplici sveglie a sistemi di accensione degli elettrodomestici nei periodi di minor carico energetico.
Sistemi di audio-diffusione permetteranno di ascoltare musica o programmi radio in ogni ambiente e sarà possibile tenere traccia del contenuto di ogni dispensa o frigorifero per redigere liste della spesa digitali. Queste potranno essere consultate nei vari negozi oppure inviate direttamente a Smart Home affinché questo effettui automaticamente l'ordine organizzandone anche la spedizione.
Il sistema sarà consultabile online da qualunque punto della città.

Smart Business
Simile a Smart Home, Smart Business è il sistema tecnologico integrato in ogni struttura aziendale. A differenza del primo sarà maggiormente incentrato nella gestione dei consumi al fine di diminuire il costo dell'energia e conseguentemente aumentare la produttività dal punto di vista commerciale.
Come Smart Home, permetterà il monitoraggio e la programmazione remota da qualunque punto della città.
Incentivi sono previsti per le aziende che decideranno di montare pannelli solari sui tetti delle proprie strutture al fine di autoalimentarsi ed immettere l'energia in eccesso nella Smart Grid.

Servizi per la comunità
Babcock Ranch includerà, fra le strutture cittadine presenti, numerosi negozi al fine di fornire i beni primari per la sua comunità.
Per migliorare l'organizzazione e l'interazione fra i membri della comunità sarà disponibile una rete wireless a banda larga che coprirà l'intero territorio cittadino. Grazie ad essa, non solo sarà possibile comunicare e navigare sul web, ma anche controllare i sistemi energetici che Babcock Ranch metterà a disposizione.
L'organizzazione del territorio urbano, inoltre, dovrebbe essere in grado di annullare gli effetti delle cosiddette "ore di punta", garantendo la presenza, a parità di punto di partenza e destinazione, di numerosi percorsi alternativi per ogni tipo di mezzo utilizzato.

Luoghi ricreativi
Babcock Ranch prevede la presenza di un buon numero di luoghi ricreativi. I più importanti sono:
 un centro benessere con palestra ai cui normali servizi si aggiunge la possibilità di richiedere diete personalizzate ed esercizi dedicati alla riduzione dello stress quotidiano;
 percorsi naturali immersi in un territorio di 297 km² dedicati al trekking e al ciclismo;
 parchi con la necessaria attrezzatura per la pratica di sport all'aperto come calcio, basket, football americano, lacrosse o golf;
 possibilità di accamparsi o effettuare scalate in zone dedicate nella riserva di Babcock Ranch;
 un lago artificiale nel centro della città esteso su una superficie di circa 1 km² dedicato alle attività legate all'acqua, come pesca, vela o windsurf.

Istruzione
Babcock Ranch integrerà nel proprio centro urbano le strutture necessarie ad effettuare l'intero percorso educativo di un individuo.. Tutte le scuole saranno costruite in maniera tale da rispettare gli standard ecologici previsti dalla certificazione LEED.

Le strutture previste sono:
 1 charter school K-12, scuola simile alle nostre scuole parificate (privata con funzione pubblica e parzialmente finanziata dallo stato), che coprirà l'intero arco educativo dai 4 ai 19 anni;
 3 scuole elementari pubbliche;
 1 scuola media pubblica;
 1 scuola superiore pubblica.
Inoltre, la Florida Gulf Coast University ha pianificato la costruzione di un proprio campus satellite.

La prima charter school è stata aperta nell'agosto 2017 (Babcock Neighborhood School) e copre per il momento l'asilo e i primi 8 anni.

Riserva naturale
La riserva di Babcock Ranch si estende su un territorio di 368 km². La città di Babcock Ranch prevede di occupare all'incirca il 20% (71 km²) di questa superficie, lasciando il restante 80% (297 km²) completamente immutato.
La locazione dell'impianto cittadino, inoltre, è prevista su un territorio al 90% già condizionato da precedenti operazioni minerarie e dalla costruzione di piccoli ranch e fattorie.
La Kitson & Partners ha affermato che oltre la metà dei 71 km² su cui il centro della città di estenderà saranno dedicati a parchi naturali.

Inquinamento luminoso
Per preservare il corretto ciclo giorno-notte di cui alcune specie di animali presenti nella riserva hanno bisogno e per diminuire le conseguenze salutari sull'uomo di una luce ambientale notturna innaturale, Babcock Ranch prevede un piano denominato Dark Skies per l'illuminazione cittadina. Esso consisterà nel dotare le sorgenti luminose di una schermatura tale da non lasciare filtrare la luce verso il cielo ma concentrarla sul manto stradale o su specifiche superfici di interesse (come parchi o piazze). In tal modo si prevede che, a parità di consumi, la luce sulle strade sarà più abbondante ma quella ambientale verrà ridotta sensibilmente, con una conseguente diminuzione dell'inquinamento luminoso cittadino.

Riciclo dell'acqua
Per ridurre l'inquinamento delle acque, Babcock Ranch prevede un sistema di raccolta e depurazione dell'acqua utilizzata dalla comunità. L'acqua sarà raccolta andando a formare una specie di palude la cui particolarità sarà quella di agire da enorme spugna avente la capacità di filtrare il suo contenuto. L'acqua, una volta depurata, sarà reintrodotta nel sistema idrico o immessa nuovamente nelle zone umide naturali da cui proveniva senza inquinarle.
A supportare questo sistema, vi saranno attrezzature per la raccolta di acqua piovana e l'utilizzo di piantagioni che non necessitano di irrigazione.

Costi e lavoro
Il costo stimato per la costruzione di Babcock Ranch è di 2 miliardi di dollari (circa 1,6 miliardi di euro al cambio del 04/07/10). Di questi, dai 350 ai 400 milioni di dollari saranno impiegati per la costruzione della sola centrale solare.
Una volta terminata la costruzione di Babcock Ranch, si prevede la nascita di circa 20.000 posti di lavoro, oltre i 400 previsti per l'effettiva costruzione della città.

Note

Collegamenti esterni
 Babcock Ranch - Sito ufficiale
 Riserva di Babcock Ranch

Sviluppo sostenibile
Risparmio energetico


De Lellis, C (2008). ODEs with Sobolev coefficients: the Eulerian and the Lagrangian approach. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series S, 1(3):405-426.
suitable estimates performed directly on the lagrangian formulation.
First published in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series S in Vol 1 No 3(2008), published by the American Institute of Mathematical Sciences.
Download PDF 'ODEs with Sobolev coefficients: the Eulerian and the Lagrangian approach'. Item availability may be restricted.


text:
Justicia imlayae är en akantusväxtart som beskrevs av B. Hansen. Justicia imlayae ingår i släktet Justicia och familjen akantusväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Akantusväxter
imlayae


Some of us are lucky and experience flea season only during spring and summer. However for many of us flea season is a year-round occurrence. There are natural ways to fight fleas and although they may take a bit more effort, they do work.
There are 4 stages in the life cycle of a flea.
Eggs – adult fleas lay about 20-28 eggs daily.
Larva – the egg than turns into larva which looks like a worm.
Pupa – This is similar to a cocoon where further growth takes place from 10-20 days until complete. At this stage fleas are most difficult to destroy.
Adult – To give you an idea how quickly fleas reproduce – 10 females can produce 250,000 fleas in a month.
Pets that are healthy are better able to fight off fleas and respond well to treatments. Feed your pet a healthy diet, watch your pet's weight and give your pet the proper amount of exercise.
Keep in mind that using certain drugs (antibiotics and corticosteroids) can play havoc with your pet's immune system. Probiotics and immune strengtheners can help, especially during those times when your pet is on medications. Just check with your veterinarian to be sure there are no contraindications.
One of the things you can do to stop fleas in their tracks is use a flea comb daily. Put a light-colored cloth underneath the comb so you can check for any fleas or flea dirt.
Bathe your pet more frequently, at least weekly, during summer months. There are many natural flea shampoos available that won't harm your pet's skin.
Diatomaceous earth, the food grade type, can be sprinkled indoors, around baseboards, carpeting, bedding floors, furniture and outdoors in the garden. You can even put a small amount of the food grade type in your pet's food. Be absolutely sure it's the food grade type. Check the amount for your pet's weight.
Cedar oil and cedar oil based products can be used on your pet and the environment. Melrose oil works double duty keeping fleas and ticks away.
Sodium polyborate powder can be dusted about. But keep children and pets away while dusting. Once the dust settles, it's safe for them to re-enter.
Apple cider vinegar, good for so many things, can be a flea repellent as well. Place equal parts of apple cider vinegar and water in a spray bottle. Spritz your pet (careful with cats, check with your holistic vet first). While it doesn't kill fleas, they don't like the taste and it will make fleas flee.
It's an ongoing battle, but we can fight the invasions following these steps.


Posted on Wednesday, September 22nd, 2010 at 7:25 pm.
Watch this interview with author Shawna Yang Ryan whose novel Water Ghosts is now available in paperback at a bookstore near you. The above YouTube clip is taken from AuthorMagazine.com.


Discover the high-quality craftsmanship that the Legion Platinum has to offer. The model has exceptional aesthetic qualities combined with semi off-road capabilities, making the Legion the ultimate van for semi off-road travel.
The Legion Platinum captures the gaze of all with its checker plate front, ali-comp sides and not to mention it's gleaming silver aluminium cladding.
The Legion Platinum is equipped externally with a entertainment hatch, reverse camera, spare wheel mounted to the back bumper, fold-out picnic table, gas bayonet and external speakers.
Built to impress, the Legion will surely gain attention whilst dynamically moving throughout the country.
The Legion Platinum is packed with premium features such as a spacious rear annahide club lounge, queen island bed with inner spring mattress, separate shower and toilet, full oven, 181Ltr Thetford fridge/freezer, reverse-cycle air conditioner and much more.
You will feel right at home with the Legions innovative interior design. It is modern, fresh and smart. Everything in this van has been designed to maximise space and comfort.
Battery - 100amp Deep Cycle with Charger?


text:
<?php

/**
 * Matches the given string against a regex
 *
 * @package Validate
 */
class RPC_Validator_Regex extends RPC_Validator
{

	/**
	 * Pattern against which the value will be matched
	 *
	 * @var string
	 */
	protected $pattern;

	/**
	 * Sets the regex and error message in case the string doesn't match it
	 *
	 * @param string $pattern
	 * @param string $errormessage
	 */
	function __construct( $pattern, $errormessage = '' )
	{
		if( empty( $pattern ) )
		{
			throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'You must supply a valid pattern' );
		}

		$this->pattern = $pattern;
		parent::__construct( $errormessage );
	}

	/**
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	public function validate( $value )
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		{
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		}

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		{
			return false;
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		return preg_match( $this->pattern, $value );
	}

}

?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
A Curious Man: The Strange and Brilliant Life of Robert "Believe It or Not!" Ripley
by: Neal Thompson (author)
A Curious Man is the marvelously compelling biography of Robert "Believe It or Not" Ripley, the enigmatic cartoonist turned globetrotting millionaire who won international fame by celebrating the world's strangest oddities, and whose outrageous showmanship taught us to believe in the... show more
A Curious Man is the marvelously compelling biography of Robert "Believe It or Not" Ripley, the enigmatic cartoonist turned globetrotting millionaire who won international fame by celebrating the world's strangest oddities, and whose outrageous showmanship taught us to believe in the unbelievable.As portrayed by acclaimed biographer Neal Thompson, Ripley's life is the stuff of a classic American fairy tale. Buck-toothed and cursed by shyness, Ripley turned his sense of being an outsider into an appreciation for the strangeness of the world. After selling his first cartoon to Time magazine at age eighteen, more cartooning triumphs followed, but it was his "Believe It or Not" conceit and the wildly popular radio shows it birthed that would make him one of the most successful entertainment figures of his time and spur him to search the globe's farthest corners for bizarre facts, exotic human curiosities, and shocking phenomena.Ripley delighted in making outrageous declarations that somehow always turned out to be true—such as that Charles Lindbergh was only the sixty-seventh man to fly across the Atlantic or that "The Star Spangled Banner" was not the national anthem. Assisted by an exotic harem of female admirers and by ex-banker Norbert Pearlroth, a devoted researcher who spoke eleven languages, Ripley simultaneously embodied the spirit of Peter Pan, the fearlessness of Marco Polo and the marketing savvy of P. T. Barnum.In a very real sense, Ripley sought to remake the world's aesthetic. He demanded respect for those who were labeled "eccentrics" or "freaks"—whether it be E. L. Blystone, who wrote 1,615 alphabet letters on a grain of rice, or the man who could swallow his own nose.By the 1930s Ripley possessed a vast fortune, a private yacht, and a twenty-eight room mansion stocked with such "oddities" as shrunken heads and medieval torture devices, and his pioneering firsts in print, radio, and television were tapping into something deep in the American consciousness—a taste for the titillating and exotic, and a fascination with the fastest, biggest, dumbest and most weird. Today, that legacy continues and can be seen in reality TV, YouTube, America's Funniest Home Videos, Jackass, MythBusters and a host of other pop-culture phenomena. In the end Robert L. Ripley changed everything. The supreme irony of his life, which was dedicated to exalting the strange and unusual, is that he may have been the most amazing oddity of all.
ASIN: 077043620X
Publish date: May 7th 2013
Publisher: Crown Archetype
Adventure, Non Fiction, Travel, Autobiography, Memoir, Biography, History, Book Club, Business, Biography Memoir
Memories From Books on Booklikes rated it 9 years ago
http://MemoriesFromBooks.booklikes.com Memories From Books on Booklikes 4.0 A Curious Man
text A Curious Man
A Curious Man: The Strange and Brilliant Life of Robert "Believe It or Not!" Ripley by Neal Thompson is a fascinating insight into the life of Robert Leroy Ripley. It is a narrative account beginning with his birth in 1890 to his death in 1949. The narrative nature of the book works for the most par...
Ryan DeJonghe - The Avid Reader rated it 9 years ago
http://ryandejonghe.booklikes.com Ryan DeJonghe - The Avid Reader 5.0
You ever see the movie BIG FISH? You know what this book reminds me of? Yeah, BIG FISH, only Ripley actually did those things and met those people, as he described them, even from the beginning. Instead of a baby popping out and sliding across the floor, Ripley's birth was no less unusual. His dad u...
Peace, Love & Books rated it 10 years ago
http://sullywriter.booklikes.com Peace, Love & Books 4.0
A fascinating, engaging biography of the man behind the wildly successful "Believe It or Not" franchise who was apparently quite the "oddity" himself in so many ways.
Nicole~ rated it 10 years ago
http://NicoleIam.booklikes.com Nicole~ 3.0
It was an entertaining enough read, I got just a tiny bit frustrated by the many "Believe It or Not" snippets throughout the book. Not a subject that I would have normally been curious about but I do appreciate the Goodreads Giveaway Program.
Constantly Moving the Bookmark rated it 10 years ago
http://ChristineL.booklikes.com Constantly Moving the Bookmark 4.0 A Curious Man: The Strange and Brilliant Life of Robert "Believe It or Not!" Ripley
text A Curious Man: The Strange and Brilliant Life of Robert "Believe It or Not!" Ripley
Ripley was an odd child, buck-toothed and painfully shy he found solace in drawing. He was told that he talent would never allow him to amount to anything, but living in an age when newspapers used cartoonists instead of photographers, he managed to parley his talent into a career. Establishing hi...
Books by Neal Thompson
Hurricaine Season: A Coach, His Team, an...
Light This Candle: The Life and Times of...
http://bl.cm/1r6SxPM


Through a series of bad decisions which my future biographer will refer to as "Undergraduate Career and Caffeine Addiction," I don't really drink coffee anymore. As a consequence, I've gone from having the caffeine tolerance of a cross-country trucker to that of a tiny marshmallow baby. I am sweet, puffy, and also like marshmallows, but I still love hot beverages and would swim in a tub of hot cocoa if given the chance. So now when I drink delicious caffeinated beverages, like tea which I love more than most human life, I get a little wired. Which is what is happening now. It took two amazing chai teas to get me jittery because I handle caffeine as well an intern I work with handles responsibility: poorly.
Back in the day, I would stay up all night working on homework, punctuating every hour with another tall–but not like Starbucks tall–cup of coffee. Then I'd trudge to campus with a travel mug, then I'd get to campus, land at a Starbucks for a refill, and they'd offer me free espresso shots because I looked so bad… because I'd had so much coffee. It was a vicious loop in which the only beneficiaries were baristas and my goddam amazing grades. My liver will always smell of Columbia.
I see fresh, vivacious youths at coffee shops now, and I want to be a cautionary tale for them. I want them to look at me, at my always-shaky hands, at the teabags sticking out of my pockets, at the permanent dark circles under my eyes–from sleep deprivation, not from people punching me–and I want them to be afraid. I am the coffee shop equivalent of a grizzled sailor coming to a kindergarten career day.
Every chance I get, I warn my students about the potential evil of coffee because it is an insidious drink that tricks your heart by beguiling your tongue before finally ravaging your intestines and leaving passive-aggressive notes for your brain to find later while you're curled up in a ball on your bathroom floor begging for your life to end but knowing it won't because even the cold sleep of death cannot overpower 10 shots of espresso.
I can't reach everyone, and not everyone wants to be reached, so this post is just one more effort in a long squiggly line of desperate attempts to decry the wickedness of coffee. It's all this little marshmallow baby can do now.
I'm working on cup number three right now!
I find your sarcastic sense of humor more alluring than any tea OR coffee mug. I personally don't drink coffee (I do like its taste and scent though) but I know there are also some health benefits to drinking a cup or two of coffee every day (I probably shouldn't have said this).
Thank you! Sometimes I do fall off the coffee wagon with reasoning like that.
Haha! "Other than the normal ones" – I take it your students are stalking you?