Use the ALTER DATABASE statement to modify, maintain, or recover an existing database.
You must have the ALTER DATABASE system privilege.
To specify the RECOVER clause, you must also have the SYSDBA system privilege.
Specify the name of the database to be altered. The database name can contain only ASCII characters. If you omit database, Oracle alters the database identified by the value of the initialization parameter DB_NAME. You can alter only the database whose control files are specified by the initialization parameter CONTROL_FILES. The database identifier is not related to the Oracle Net database specification.
The startup_clauses let you mount and open the database so that it is accessible to users.
Use the MOUNT clause to mount the database. Do not use this clause when the database is mounted.
Specify MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE to mount a physical standby database. As soon as this statement executes, the standby instance can receive archived redo logs from the primary instance and can archive the logs to the STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST location.
Specify MOUNT CLONE DATABASE to mount the clone database.
Use the OPEN clause to make the database available for normal use. You must mount the database before you can open it.
If you specify only OPEN, without any other keywords, the default is OPEN READ WRITE NORESETLOGS.
Specify READ WRITE to open the database in read/write mode, allowing users to generate redo logs. This is the default.
"READ ONLY / READ WRITE: Example"
Specify RESETLOGS to reset the current log sequence number to 1 and discards any redo information that was not applied during recovery, ensuring that it will never be applied. This effectively discards all changes that are in the redo log, but not in the database.
You must specify RESETLOGS to open the database after performing media recovery with an incomplete recovery using the RECOVER clause or with a backup control file. After opening the database with this clause, you should perform a complete database backup.
Specify NORESETLOGS to retain the current state of the log sequence number and redo log files.
You can specify RESETLOGS and NORESETLOGS only after performing incomplete media recovery or complete media recovery with a backup control file. In any other case, Oracle uses the NORESETLOGS automatically.
Use the MIGRATE clause only if you are upgrading from Oracle release 7.3.4 to the current release. This clause instructs Oracle to modify system parameters dynamically as required for the upgrade. For upgrade from releases other than 7.3.4, you can use the SQL*Plus STARTUP MIGRATE command.
Specify READ ONLY to restrict users to read-only transactions, preventing them from generating redo logs. You can use this clause to make a physical standby database available for queries even while archive logs are being copied from the primary database site.
You cannot open a database READ ONLY if it is currently opened READ WRITE by another instance.
You cannot open a database READ ONLY if it requires recovery.
You cannot take tablespaces offline while the database is open READ ONLY. However, you can take datafiles offline and online, and you can recover offline datafiles and tablespaces while the database is open READ ONLY.
The recovery_clauses include post-backup operations.
Oracle9i Backup and Recovery Concepts and Oracle9i Recovery Manager User's Guide for information on backing up the database and "Database Recovery: Examples"
The general_recovery clause lets you control media recovery for the database or standby database, or for specified tablespaces or files. You can use this clause when your instance has the database mounted, open or closed, and the files involved are not in use.
You can recover the entire database only when the database is closed.
Your instance must have the database mounted in exclusive mode.
You can recover tablespaces or datafiles when the database is open or closed, if the tablespaces or datafiles to be recovered are offline.
You cannot perform media recovery if you are connected to Oracle through the Shared Server architecture.
If you do not have special media requirements, Oracle Corporation recommends that you use the SQL*Plus RECOVER command rather than the general_recovery_clause.
Specify AUTOMATIC if you want Oracle to automatically generate the name of the next archived redo log file needed to continue the recovery operation. If the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameters are defined, Oracle scans those that are valid and enabled for the first local destination. It uses that destination in conjunction with LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT to generate the target redo log filename. If the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameters are not defined, Oracle uses the value of the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter instead.
If the resulting file is found, Oracle applies the redo contained in that file. If the file is not found, Oracle prompts you for a filename, displaying the generated filename as a suggestion.
If you specify neither AUTOMATIC nor LOGFILE, Oracle prompts you for a filename, displaying the generated filename as a suggestion. You can then accept the generated filename or replace it with a fully qualified filename. If you know that the archived filename differs from what Oracle would generate, you can save time by using the LOGFILE clause.
Specify FROM 'location' to indicate the location from which the archived redo log file group is read. The value of location must be a fully specified file location following the conventions of your operating system. If you omit this parameter, Oracle assumes that the archived redo log file group is in the location specified by the initialization parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST or LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1.
The full_database_recovery clause lets you recover an entire database.
Specify the DATABASE clause to recover the entire database. This is the default. You can use this clause only when the database is closed.
Specify the STANDBY DATABASE clause to manually recover a physical standby database using the control file and archived redo log files copied from the primary database. The standby database must be mounted but not open.
This clause recovers only online datafiles.
Use the UNTIL clause to specify the duration of the recovery operation.
CANCEL indicates cancel-based recovery. This clause recovers the database until you issue the ALTER DATABASE statement with the RECOVER CANCEL clause.
TIME indicates time-based recovery. This parameter recovers the database to the time specified by the date. The date must be a character literal in the format 'YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS'.
CHANGE indicates change-based recovery. This parameter recovers the database to a transaction-consistent state immediately before the system change number (SCN) specified by integer.
Specify USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE if you want to use a backup control file instead of the current control file.
The partial_database_recovery clause lets you recover individual tablespaces and datafiles.
Specify the TABLESPACE clause to recover only the specified tablespaces. You can use this clause if the database is open or closed, provided the tablespaces to be recovered are offline.
"Using Parallel Recovery Processes: Example"
Specify the DATAFILE clause to recover the specified datafiles. You can use this clause when the database is open or closed, provided the datafiles to be recovered are offline.
You can identify the datafile by name or by number. If you identify it by number, then filenumber is an integer representing the number found in the FILE# column of the V$DATAFILE dynamic performance view or in the FILE_ID column of the DBA_DATA_FILES data dictionary view.
Specify STANDBY TABLESPACE to reconstruct a lost or damaged tablespace in the standby database using archived redo log files copied from the primary database and a control file.
Specify STANDBY DATAFILE to manually reconstruct a lost or damaged datafile in the physical standby database using archived redo log files copied from the primary database and a control file. You can identify the file by name or by number, as described for the DATAFILE clause.
Specify UNTIL [CONSISTENT WITH] CONTROLFILE if you want the recovery of an old standby datafile or tablespace to use the current standby database control file. However, any redo in advance of the standby controlfile will not be applied. The keywords CONSISTENT WITH are optional and are provided for semantic clarity.
Specify the LOGFILE 'filename' to continue media recovery by applying the specified redo log file.
When you use this clause during trial recovery (that is, in conjunction with the TEST clause), integer can exceed 1. When using this clause during normal recovery, integer cannot exceed 1.
Use the PARALLEL clause to specify whether the recovery of media will be parallelized.
The syntax of the parallel_clause supersedes syntax appearing in earlier releases of Oracle. Superseded syntax is still supported for backward compatibility, but may result in slightly different behavior than that documented.
Specify NOPARALLEL for serial execution. This is the default.
Specification of integer indicates the degree of parallelism, which is the number of parallel threads used in the parallel operation. Each parallel thread may use one or two parallel execution servers. Normally Oracle calculates the optimum degree of parallelism, so it is not necessary for you to specify integer.
Specify CONTINUE to continue multi-instance recovery after it has been interrupted to disable a thread.
Specify CONTINUE DEFAULT to continue recovery using the redo log file that Oracle would automatically generate if no other logfile were specified. This clause is equivalent to specifying AUTOMATIC, except that Oracle does not prompt for a filename.
Specify CANCEL to terminate cancel-based recovery.
The managed_standby_recovery clause applies to physical standby only. Use it to specify managed standby recovery mode. This mode assumes that the managed standby database is an active component of an overall standby database architecture. A primary database actively archives its redo log files to the standby site. As these archived redo logs arrive at the standby site, they become available for use by a managed standby recovery operation. Managed standby recovery is restricted to media recovery. You can use this clause when your instance has the database mounted, open or closed, and the files involved are not in use.
The same restrictions apply as are listed under general_recovery.
Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration for more information on the parameters of this clause "Recovering a Managed Standby Database: Examples"
You can specify DISCONNECT only when you are initiating managed standby recovery. You cannot specify it after the operation has started.
You cannot specify both TIMEOUT and DISCONNECT [FROM SESSION]. TIMEOUT applies only to foreground recovery operations, whereas the DISCONNECT clause initiates background recovery operations.
Specify in minutes the wait period of the managed recovery operation. The recovery process waits for integer minutes for a requested archived log redo to be available for writing to the managed standby database. If the redo log file does not become available within that time, the recovery process terminates with an error message. You can then issue the statement again to return to managed standby recovery mode.
If you omit TIMEOUT or if you specify NOTIMEOUT, the database remains in managed standby recovery mode until you reissue the statement with the RECOVER CANCEL clause or until instance shutdown or failure.
If you specify TIMEOUT, you cannot also specify FINISH.
Specify DELAY to instruct Oracle to wait the specified interval (in minutes) before applying the archived redo logs. The delay interval begins after the archived redo logs have been selected for recovery.
Specify NODELAY if the need arises to apply a delayed archivelog immediately on the standby database.
Specify DEFAULT DELAY to revert to the number of minutes specified in the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n initialization parameter on the primary database.
Both of these parameters override any setting of DELAY in the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameter on the primary database. If you specify neither of these parameters, application of the archivelog is delayed according to the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n setting. If DELAY was not specified in that parameter, the archivelog is applied immediately.
You cannot specify both NODELAY and DELAY.
If you specify DELAY, you cannot also specify FINISH.
Use the NEXT parameter to apply the specified number of archived redo logs as soon as possible after they have been archived. This parameter temporarily overrides any delay setting in the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n initialization parameter on the primary database and over any DELAY values specified in an earlier ALTER DATABASE ... managed_standby_recovery statement. Once the integer archived redo logs are processed, any such delay again takes effect.
If you specify NEXT, you cannot also specify FINISH.
Specify the number of minutes from the current time after which the managed recovery operation terminates automatically. The process may actually expire after the interval specified, because Oracle will finish processing any archived redo log that is being processed at the expiration time.
Specify NOEXPIRE to disable a previously specified EXPIRE option.
Expiration is always relative to the time the current statement is issued rather than to the start time of the managed recovery process. To terminate an existing managed recovery operation, use the CANCEL parameter.
If you specify EXPIRE, you cannot also specify FINISH.
Use this clause to instruct Oracle when to terminate managed recovery.
THROUGH ... SEQUENCE: Specify this clause if you want Oracle to terminate managed recovery based on thread number and sequence number of an archivelog. Once the corresponding archivelog has been applied, managed recovery terminates. If you omit the THREAD clause, Oracle assumes thread 1.
THROUGH ALL ARCHIVELOG: Specify this clause if you want Oracle to continue the managed standby process until all archivelogs have been recovered. You can use this statement to override an earlier statement that specified THROUGH ... SEQUENCE. If you omit the THROUGH clause entirely, this is the default.
THROUGH ... SWITCHOVER: The managed standby recovery process normally stops when it encounters a switchover operation, because these operations produce an "end-of-redo archival" indicator. This clause is useful if you have more than one standby database, all but one of which will remain in the standby role after the switchover. This clause keeps the managed standby recovery process operational. It lets these "secondary" standby databases wait to receive the redo stream from the new primary database, rather than stopping the recovery process and then starting it again after the new primary database is activated.
Specify ALL to keep managed standby recovery operational through all switchover operations.
Specify LAST to cancel managed standby recovery operations after the final end-of-redo archival indicator.
Specify NEXT to cancel managed standby recovery after recovering the next end-of-redo archival indicator encountered. This is the default.
Specify CANCEL to terminate the managed standby recovery operation after applying all the redo in the current archived redo file. If you specify only the CANCEL keyword, session control returns when the recovery process actually terminates.
Specify CANCEL IMMEDIATE to terminate the managed recovery operation after applying all the redo in the current archived redo file or after the next redo log file read, whichever comes first. Session control returns when the recovery process actually terminates.
The CANCEL IMMEDIATE clause cannot be issued from the same session that issued the RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE statement.
CANCEL IMMEDIATE NOWAIT is the same as CANCEL IMMEDIATE except that session control returns immediately, not after the recovery process terminates.
CANCEL NOWAIT terminates the managed recovery operation after the next redo log file read and returns session control immediately.
The FINISH clause applies only to physical standby databases. Specify FINISH to recover the current standby online redo logfiles of the standby database. Use this clause only in the event of the failure of the primary database, when the logwriter (LGWR) process has been transmitting redo to the standby current logs. This clause overrides any delay intervals specified for the archivelogs, so that Oracle applies the logs immediately.
After the FINISH operation, you must open the standby database as the primary database.
Specify NOWAIT to have control returned immediately rather than after the recovery process is complete.
You cannot specify FINISH if you have also specified TIMEOUT, DELAY, EXPIRE, or NEXT.
Use the parallel_clause to indicate whether Oracle should parallelize the managed recovery processes. If you specify NOPARALLEL or omit this clause entirely, Oracle performs the managed standby recovery operation serially.
Specify END BACKUP to take out of online backup mode any datafiles in the database currently in online backup mode. The database must be mounted but not open when you perform this operation.
You can end online ("hot") backup operations in three ways. During normal operation, you can take a tablespace out of online backup mode using the ALTER TABLESPACE ... END BACKUP statement. Doing so avoids the increased overhead of leaving the tablespace in online backup mode.
After a system failure, instance failure, or SHUTDOWN ABORT operation, Oracle does not know whether the files in online backup mode match the files at the time the system crashed. If you know the files are consistent, you can take either individual datafiles or all datafiles out of online backup mode. Doing so avoids media recovery of the files upon startup.
To take an individual datafile out of online backup mode, use the ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE ... END BACKUP statement. See database_file_clauses.
To take all datafiles in a tablespace out of online backup mode, use an ALTER TABLESPACE ... END BACKUP statement.
The database_file_clauses let you modify datafiles and tempfiles. You can use any of the following clauses when your instance has the database mounted, open or closed, and the files involved are not in use.
Use the CREATE DATAFILE clause to create a new empty datafile in place of an old one. You can use this clause to re-create a datafile that was lost with no backup. The filename or filenumber must identify a file that is or was once part of the database. If you identify the file by number, then filenumber is an integer representing the number found in the FILE# column of the V$DATAFILE dynamic performance view or in the FILE_ID column of the DBA_DATA_FILES data dictionary view.
Specify AS NEW to create an Oracle-managed datafile with a system-generated filename, the same size as the file being replaced, in the default file system location for datafiles.
Specify AS datafile_tempfile_spec to assign a filename (and optional size) for the new datafile.
If the original file (filename or filenumber) is an existing Oracle-managed datafile, then Oracle attempts to delete the original file after creating the new file. If the original file is an existing user-managed datafile, Oracle does not attempt to delete the original file.
If you omit the AS clause entirely, Oracle creates the new file with the same name and size as the file specified by filename or filenumber.
During recovery, all archived redo logs written to since the original datafile was created must be applied to the new, empty version of the lost datafile.
Oracle creates the new file in the same state as the old file when it was created. You must perform media recovery on the new file to return it to the state of the old file at the time it was lost.
You cannot create a new file based on the first datafile of the SYSTEM tablespace.
You cannot specify the autoextend_clause of datafile_tempfile_spec in this CREATE DATAFILE clause.
file_specification for a full description of the file specification (datafile_tempfile_spec) and "Creating a New Datafile: Example"
Specify ONLINE to bring the datafile online.
Specify OFFLINE to take the datafile offline. If the database is open, you must perform media recovery on the datafile before bringing it back online, because a checkpoint is not performed on the datafile before it is taken offline.
If the database is in NOARCHIVELOG mode, you must specify the DROP clause to take a datafile offline. However, the DROP clause does not remove the datafile from the database. To do that, you must drop the tablespace in which the datafile resides. Until you do so, the datafile remains in the data dictionary with the status RECOVER or OFFLINE.
If the database is in ARCHIVELOG mode, Oracle ignores the DROP keyword.
Specify RESIZE if you want Oracle to attempt to increase or decrease the size of the datafile to the specified absolute size in bytes. Use K or M to specify this size in kilobytes or megabytes. There is no default, so you must specify a size.
If sufficient disk space is not available for the increased size, or if the file contains data beyond the specified decreased size, Oracle returns an error.
Specify END BACKUP to take the datafile out of online backup mode. The END BACKUP clause is described more fully at the top level of the syntax of ALTER DATABASE. See "END BACKUP Clause".
Use the TEMPFILE clause to resize your temporary datafile or specify the autoextend_clause, with the same effect as with a permanent datafile. You can identify the tempfile by name or by number. If you identify it by number, then filenumber is an integer representing the number found in the FILE# column of the V$TEMPFILE dynamic performance view.
On some operating systems, Oracle does not allocate space for the tempfile until the tempfile blocks are actually accessed. This delay in space allocation results in faster creation and resizing of tempfiles, but it requires that sufficient disk space is available when the tempfiles are later used. To avoid potential problems, before you create or resize a tempfile, ensure that the available disk space exceeds the size of the new tempfile or the increased size of a resized tempfile. The excess space should allow for anticipated increases in disk space use by unrelated operations as well. Then proceed with the creation or resizing operation.
You cannot specify TEMPFILE unless the database is open.
Specify DROP to drop tempfile from the database. The tablespace remains.
If you specify INCLUDING DATAFILES, Oracle also deletes the associated operating system files and writes a message to the alert log for each such deleted file.
Use the autoextend_clause to enable or disable the automatic extension of a new datafile or tempfile.
Use the RENAME FILE clause to rename datafiles, tempfiles, or redo log file members. You must create each filename using the conventions for filenames on your operating system before specifying this clause.
To use this clause for datafiles and tempfiles, the database must be mounted. The database can also be open, but the datafile or tempfile being renamed must be offline.
To use this clause for logfiles, the database must be mounted but not open.
This clause renames only files in the control file. It does not actually rename them on your operating system. The operating system files continue to exist, but Oracle no longer uses them. If the old files were Oracle managed, Oracle drops the old operating system file after this statement executes, because the control file no longer points to them as datafiles, tempfiles, or redo log files.
"Renaming a Log File Member: Example"
The logfile clauses let you add, drop, or modify log files.
Use the ARCHIVELOG clause and NOARCHIVELOG clause only if your instance has the database mounted but not open, with Real Application Clusters disabled.
Specify ARCHIVELOG if you want the contents of a redo log file group to be archived before the group can be reused. This mode prepares for the possibility of media recovery. Use this clause only after shutting down your instance normally, or immediately with no errors, and then restarting it and mounting the database with Real Application Clusters disabled.
Specify NOARCHIVELOG if you do not want the contents of a redo log file group to be archived so that the group can be reused. This mode does not prepare for recovery after media failure.
Use this clause to put the database into or take the database out of FORCE LOGGING mode. The database must be mounted or open.
In FORCE LOGGING mode, Oracle will log all changes in the database except for changes in temporary tablespaces and temporary segments. This setting takes precedence over and is independent of any NOLOGGING or FORCE LOGGING settings you specify for individual tablespaces and any NOLOGGING settings you specify for individual database objects.
If you specify FORCE LOGGING, Oracle waits for all ongoing unlogged operations to finish.
Use the ADD LOGFILE clause to add one or more redo log file groups to the specified thread, making them available to the instance assigned the thread. If you specify STANDBY, the redo log file created is for use by physical standby databases only.
To learn whether a logfile has been designated for online or standby database use, query the TYPE column of the V$LOGFILE dynamic performance view.
"Adding Redo Log File Groups: Examples"
The THREAD clause is applicable only if you are using Oracle with the Real Application Clusters option in parallel mode. integer is the thread number. The number of threads you can create is limited by the value of the MAXINSTANCES parameter specified in the CREATE DATABASE statement.
If you omit THREAD, the redo log file group is added to the thread assigned to your instance.
The GROUP clause uniquely identifies the redo log file group among all groups in all threads and can range from 1 to the MAXLOGFILES value. You cannot add multiple redo log file groups having the same GROUP value. If you omit this parameter, Oracle generates its value automatically. You can examine the GROUP value for a redo log file group through the dynamic performance view V$LOG.
Each redo_log_file_spec specifies a redo log file group containing one or more members (that is, one or more copies).
Use the DROP LOGFILE clause to drop all members of a redo log file group. Specify a redo log file group as indicated for the ADD LOGFILE MEMBER clause.
To drop the current log file group, you must first issue an ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE statement.
You cannot drop a redo log file group if it needs archiving.
You cannot drop a redo log file group if doing so would cause the redo thread to contain less than two redo log file groups.
ALTER SYSTEM and "Dropping Log File Members: Example"
Use the ADD LOGFILE MEMBER clause to add new members to existing redo log file groups. Each new member is specified by 'filename'. If the file already exists, it must be the same size as the other group members, and you must specify REUSE. If the file does not exist, Oracle creates a file of the correct size. You cannot add a member to a group if all of the group's members have been lost through media failure.
You can specify STANDBY for symmetry, to indicate that the logfile member is for use only by a physical standby database. However, this keyword is not required. If group integer was added for standby database use, all of its members will be used only for standby databases as well.
Specify the value of the GROUP parameter that identifies the redo log file group.
List all members of the redo log file group. You must fully specify each filename according to the conventions of your operating system.
"Adding Redo Log File Group Members: Example"
Use the DROP LOGFILE MEMBER clause to drop one or more redo log file members. Each 'filename' must fully specify a member using the conventions for filenames on your operating system.
To drop a log file in the current log, you must first issue an ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE statement.
You cannot use this clause to drop all members of a redo log file group that contains valid data. To perform that operation, use the DROP LOGFILE clause.
"Dropping Log File Members: Example"
Specify the ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA clause to place additional column data into the log stream any time an update operation is performed. These four keywords alone enable minimal supplemental logging, which is not enabled by default.
Minimal supplemental logging ensures that Logminer (and any products building on Logminer technology) will have sufficient information to support chained rows and various storage arrangements such as cluster tables.
If supplemental log data will be the source of change in another database, such as a logical standby, the log data must also uniquely identify each row updated. In this case, you should enable identification key ("full") supplemental logging by specifying PRIMARY KEY COLUMNS and UNIQUE KEY COLUMNS.
When you specify PRIMARY KEY COLUMNS, Oracle ensures, for all tables with a primary key, that all columns of the primary key are placed into the redo log whenever an update operation is performed. If no primary key is defined, Oracle places into the redo log a set of columns that uniquely identifies the row. This set may include all columns with a fixed-length maximum size.
When you specify UNIQUE INDEX COLUMNS, Oracle ensures, for all tables with a unique key, that if any unique key columns are modified, all other columns belonging to the unique key are also placed into the redo log.
You can issue this statement when the database is open. However, Oracle will invalidate all DML cursors in the cursor cache, which will have an effect on performance until the cache is repopulated.
Use the DROP SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA clause to instruct Oracle to stop placing additional log information into the redo log stream whenever an update operation occurs. This statement terminates the effect of a previous ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA statement.
Use the CLEAR LOGFILE clause to reinitialize an online redo log, optionally without archiving the redo log. CLEAR LOGFILE is similar to adding and dropping a redo log, except that the statement may be issued even if there are only two logs for the thread and also may be issued for the current redo log of a closed thread.
You must specify UNARCHIVED if you want to reuse a redo log that was not archived.
Specifying UNARCHIVED makes backups unusable if the redo log is needed for recovery.
You must specify UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE if you have taken the datafile offline with the database in ARCHIVELOG mode (that is, you specified ALTER DATABASE ... DATAFILE OFFLINE without the DROP keyword), and if the unarchived log to be cleared is needed to recover the datafile before bringing it back online. In this case, you must drop the datafile and the entire tablespace once the CLEAR LOGFILE statement completes.
Do not use CLEAR LOGFILE to clear a log needed for media recovery. If it is necessary to clear a log containing redo after the database checkpoint, you must first perform incomplete media recovery. The current redo log of an open thread can be cleared. The current log of a closed thread can be cleared by switching logs in the closed thread.
If the CLEAR LOGFILE statement is interrupted by a system or instance failure, then the database may hang. If this occurs, reissue the statement after the database is restarted. If the failure occurred because of I/O errors accessing one member of a log group, then that member can be dropped and other members added.
"Clearing a Log File: Example"
The controlfile_clauses let you create or back up a control file.
The CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE clause applies only to physical standby databases. Use this clause to create a control file to be used to maintain a physical standby database. If the file already exists, you must specify REUSE.
Use the BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause to back up the current control file. The database must be open or mounted when you specify this clause.
Specify the file to which the control file is backed up. You must fully specify the filename using the conventions for your operating system. If the specified file already exists, you must specify REUSE.
Specify TO TRACE if you want Oracle to write SQL statements to a trace file rather than making a physical backup of the control file. You can use SQL statements written to the trace file to start up the database, re-create the control file, and recover and open the database appropriately, based on the created control file.
You can copy the statements from the trace file into a script file, edit the statements as necessary, and use the script if all copies of the control file are lost (or to change the size of the control file).
Specify AS filename if you want Oracle to place the script into a file called filename rather than into the standard trace file.
Specify REUSE to allow Oracle to overwrite any existing file called filename.
RESETLOGS indicates that the SQL statement written to the trace file for starting the database is ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS. This setting is valid only if the online logs are unavailable.
NORESETLOGS indicates that the SQL statement written to the trace file for starting the database is ALTER DATABASE OPEN NORESETLOGS. This setting is valid only if all the online logs are available.
If you cannot predict the future state of the online logs, specify neither RESETLOGS nor NORESETLOGS. In this case, Oracle puts both versions of the script into the trace file, and you can choose which version is appropriate when the script becomes necessary.
Use these clauses to activate the standby database or to specify whether it is in protected or unprotected mode.
The ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE clause changes the state of a standby database to an active database and prepares it to become the primary database. The database must be mounted before you can specify this clause.
Specify PHYSICAL to activate a physical standby database. This is the default.
Specify LOGICAL to activate a logical standby database. If you have more than one logical standby database, you should first ensure that the same log data is available on all the standby systems.
This clause applies only to physical standby databases. Use this clause to force the operation to proceed even if standby redo logfiles contain data that could be recovered using the RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE FINISH command.
Oracle Corporation recommends that you always use the RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE FINISH statement for physical standby even if you do not use standby redo logfiles. Use the SKIP clause only if it is acceptable to discard the contents of the standby redo log.
Use this clause to specify the level of protection for the data in your database environment. You specify this clause from the primary database, which must be mounted but not open.
The PROTECTED and UNPROTECTED keywords have been replaced for clarity but are still supported. PROTECTED is equivalent to TO MAXIMIZE PROTECTION. UNPROTECTED is equivalent to TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE.
This setting establishes "maximum protection mode" and offers the highest level of data protection. A transaction does not commit until all data needed to recover that transaction has been written to at least one physical standby database that is configured to use the SYNC log transport mode. If the primary database is unable to write the redo records to at least one such standby database, the primary database is shut down. This mode guarantees zero data loss, but it has the greatest potential impact on the performance and availability of the primary database.
This setting establishes "maximum availability mode" and offers the next highest level of data protection. A transaction does not commit until all data needed to recover that transaction has been written to at least one (physical or logical) standby database that is configured to use the SYNC log transport mode. Unlike maximum protection mode, the primary database does not shut down if it is unable to write the redo records to at least one such standby database. Instead, the protection is lowered to maximum performance mode until the fault has been corrected and the standby database has caught up with the primary database. This mode guarantees zero data loss unless the primary database fails while in maximum performance mode. Maximum availability mode provides the highest level of data protection that is possible without affecting the availability of the primary database.
This setting establishes "maximum performance mode" and is the default setting. A transaction commits before the data needed to recover that transaction has been written to a standby database. Therefore, some transactions may be lost if the primary database fails and you are unable to recover the redo records from the primary database. This mode provides the highest level of data protection that is possible without affecting the performance of the primary database.
To determine the current mode of the database, query the PROTECTION_MODE column of the V$DATABASE dynamic performance view.
Specify the REGISTER LOGFILE clause from the standby database to manually register log files from the failed primary.
For a logical standby database, you can use this command to seed the initial starting point for a new logical standby database. Then when you issue an ALTER DATABASE START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY INITIAL command, Oracle will use the lowest registered logfile as its starting point.
Specify OR REPLACE to allow an existing archivelog entry in the standby database to be updated, for example, when its location or file specification changes. The SCNs of the entries must match exactly, and the original entry must have been created by the managed standby log transmittal mechanism.
Use this clause to perform a "graceful switchover", in which the current primary database take on standby status, and one standby database becomes the primary database. In a Real Application Clusters environment, all instances other than the instance from which you issue this statement must be shutdown normally.
Specify PHYSICAL to prepare the primary database to run in the role of a physical standby database.
Specify LOGICAL to prepare the primary database to run in the role of a logical standby database. If you specify LOGICAL, you must then issue an ALTER DATABASE START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY statement.
On the primary database, specify COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO STANDBY to perform a graceful database switchover of the primary database to standby database status. The primary database must be open.
On one of the standby databases, issue a COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY statement to perform a graceful switchover of this standby database to primary status. The standby database must be mounted or open in READ ONLY mode.
If you specify WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN, Oracle shuts down any open application sessions and rolls back uncommitted transactions as part of the execution of this statement. If you omit this clause or specify WITHOUT SESSION SHUTDOWN (which is the default), the statement will fail if any application sessions are open.
This clause is not necessary or supported for a logical database.
Specify WAIT if you want Oracle to return control after the completion of the SWITCHOVER command. Specify NOWAIT if you want Oracle to return control before the switchover operation is complete. the default is WAIT.
Specify the START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY clause to begin applying redo logs to a logical standby database.
Specify INITIAL the first time you apply the logs to the standby database.
Specify NEW PRIMARY after the ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO LOGICAL STANDBY statement or when a standby database has completed processing logs from one primary and now a new database becomes the primary.
Use this clause to stop the log apply services. This clause applies only to logical standby databases, not to physical standby databases. Use the STOP clause to stop the apply in an orderly fashion.
Use these clauses to modify the default settings of the database.
CHARACTER SET changes the character set the database uses to store data. NATIONAL CHARACTER SET changes the national character set used to store data in columns specifically defined as NCHAR, NCLOB, or NVARCHAR2. Specify character_set without quotation marks. The database must be open.
You cannot roll back an ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET or ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET statement. Therefore, you should perform a full backup before issuing either of these statements.
Oracle Corporation recommends that you use the Character Set Scanner (CSSCAN) to analyze your data before migrating your existing database character set to a new database character set. Doing so will help you avoid losing non-ASCII data that you might not have been aware was in your database. Please see Oracle9i Database Globalization Support Guide for more information about CSSCAN.
In Oracle9i, CLOB data is stored as UCS-2 (two-byte fixed-width Unicode) for multibyte database character sets. For single-byte database character sets, CLOB data is stored in the database character set. When you change the database or national character set with an ALTER DATABASE statement, no data conversion is performed. Therefore, if you change the database character set from single byte to multibyte using this statement, CLOB columns will remain in the original database character set. This may introduce data inconsistency in your CLOB columns. Likewise, if you change the national character set from one Unicode set to another, your SQL NCHAR columns (NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, NCLOB) may be corrupted.
Export the CLOB and SQL NCHAR datatype columns.
Drop the tables containing the CLOB and SQL NCHAR columns.
Use ALTER DATABASE statements to change the character set and national character set.
Reimport the CLOB and SQL NCHAR columns.
You must have SYSDBA system privilege, and you must start up the database in restricted mode (for example, with the SQL*Plus STARTUP RESTRICT command).
The current character set must be a strict subset of the character set to which you change. That is, each character represented by a codepoint value in the source character set must be represented by the same codepoint value in the target character set.
Oracle9i Database Globalization Support Guide for information on database character set migration and "Changing a Character Set: Example"
By specifying a displacement from UTC (Coordinated Universal Time--formerly Greenwich Mean Time). The valid range of hh:mm is -12:00 to +14:00.
Oracle Corporation recommends that you set the database time zone to UTC ("0:00"). Doing so can improve performance, especially across databases, as no conversion of time zones will be required.
Oracle normalizes all new TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data to the time zone of the database when the data is stored on disk. Oracle does not automatically update existing data in the database to the new time zone. To determine the time zone of the database, query the built-in function DBTIMEZONE (see DBTIMEZONE).
After setting or changing the time zone with this clause, you must restart the database for the new time zone to take effect.
Specify this clause to change the default temporary tablespace of the database. After this operation completes, Oracle automatically reassigns to the new default temporary tablespace all users who had been assigned to the old default temporary tablespace. You can then drop the old default temporary tablespace if you wish.
To learn the name of the current default temporary tablespace, query the PROPERTY_VALUE column of the DATABASE_PROPERTIES data dictionary table where the PROPERTY_NAME = 'DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE'.
The tablespace you assign or reassign as the default temporary tablespace must have a standard block size.
If the SYSTEM tablespace is locally managed, the tablespace you specify as the default temporary tablespace must also be locally managed.
"Defining a Default Temporary Tablespace: Example"
Specify RESET COMPATIBILITY to mark the database to be reset to an earlier version of Oracle when the database is next restarted. The database must be open.
RESET COMPATIBILITY works only if you have successfully disabled Oracle features that affect backward compatibility.
Use the CONVERT clause to complete the conversion of the Oracle7 data dictionary. After you use this clause, the Oracle7 data dictionary no longer exists in the Oracle database.
Use this clause only when you are migrating to Oracle9i, and do not use this clause when the database is mounted.
Use these clauses to enable and disable the thread of redo log file groups.
In an Oracle Real Application Clusters environment, specify ENABLE THREAD to enable the specified thread of redo log file groups. The thread must have at least two redo log file groups before you can enable it. The database must be open.
Specify PUBLIC to make the enabled thread available to any instance that does not explicitly request a specific thread with the initialization parameter THREAD. If you omit PUBLIC, the thread is available only to the instance that explicitly requests it with the initialization parameter THREAD.
Specify DISABLE THREAD to disable the specified thread, making it unavailable to all instances. The database must be open, but you cannot disable a thread if an instance using it has the database mounted.
Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Administration for more information on enabling and disabling threads and "Disabling and Enabling a Real Application Clusters Thread: Examples"
Specify RENAME GLOBAL_NAME to change the global name of the database. The database is the new database name and can be as long as eight bytes. The optional domain specifies where the database is effectively located in the network hierarchy. Do not use this clause when the database is mounted.
Renaming your database does not change global references to your database from existing database links, synonyms, and stored procedures and functions on remote databases. Changing such references is the responsibility of the administrator of the remote databases.
Oracle9i Heterogeneous Connectivity Administrator's Guide for more information on global names and "Changing the Global Database Name: Example"
Use the security_clause (GUARD) to protect data in the database from being changed.
Specify ALL to prevent all users other than SYS from making changes to any data in the database.
Specify STANDBY to prevent all users other than SYS from making changes to any database object being maintained by logical standby. This setting is useful if you want report operations to be able to modify data as long as it is not being replicated by logical standby.
Specify NONE if you want normal security for all data in the database.
The preceding statement only changes the member of the redo log group from one file to another. The statement does not actually change the name of the file 'diskc:log3.log' to 'diskb:log3.log'. You must perform this operation through your operating system.
The following statement creates a new datafile 'tabspace_file04.dbf' based on the file 'tabspace_file03.dbf'. Before creating the new datafile, you must take the existing datafile (or the tablespace in which it resides) offline.
The database name is optional, and the character set name is specified without quotation marks.
Oracle recovers the database until 2:00 p.m. on October 27, 2001.
For an example of recovering a tablespace, see "Using Parallel Recovery Processes: Example".
If each subsequent log arrives within 60 minutes of the last log, recovery continues indefinitely or until manually terminated.
The managed recovery operation terminates before the next group of redo is read from the current redo log file. Media recovery ends in the "middle" of applying redo from the current redo log file.


text:
Amid Salary Cap Mayhem, Stars Assign Vincour
Posted by Stephen Meserve on October 12, 2011
Forward Tomas Vincour was assigned to the Texas Stars today from Dallas after playing in the team's first three regular season games. Vincour was assigned more as a cap move than as a result of his play on the ice.
With Sean Avery coming off the books for Dallas (more info here), Dallas needed salary to get to the cap floor. So, they traded for forward Eric Nystrom from the Minnesota Wild. To maintain their 23-man roster limit, they had to assign someone and Vincour was that casualty.
What does that mean for the Texas roster? It really depends on what the plan is for getting Vincour back into the mix. When Glennie and Tousignant get healthy though and Vincour is still here, you have to assign someone to make sure they continue developing somewhere, even if it isn't Texas. Likely options for that would be guys signed to AHL contracts, not NHL contracts. Among those are Stephen Schultz and Mike Hedden.
The Dallas Stars announced on Wednesday that the club has assigned forward Tomas Vincour (pronounced Vin-Sore) to the Texas Stars, Dallas' primary affiliate in the American Hockey League (AHL).
Tomas Vincour, a 6-2, 204-pound forward from Brno, Czech Republic, has appeared in 27 NHL games in his career with Dallas, collecting two points (1 goal, 1 assist). As a rookie in 2010-11, the 20-year old split time between the Texas Stars and the Dallas Stars. In 24 games with Dallas, he scored one goal and set up another. In 44 games with Texas, the right wing scored five goals and totaled 12 points. Dallas drafted Vincour in the fifth round (#129 overall) of the 2009 NHL Entry Draft.
(Image credit: Ron Byrd)
how a player who has no stats on the Texas team makes it to the NHL on a permanent basis over a guy like Colton Sceviour is just stupid. Obviously the organizaion is trying to make this guy succeed even though he is NO WHERE ready by a long shot. clearly the management of the Stars are horrible at not only finding and recognizing talented yound players (think Glennie) but they are are clueless on how to develop them as well. I hope the new ownership cleans house from the GM and coaching stafff of the main club and the TExas Stars as well. Clueless Management + Clueless Player Development = No Stanlley Cup or Calder Cups for a LONG time to come.
Thanks for linking to that other article that actually explained how taking someone off of IR would actually lower our cap hit. I was confused trying to figure out how that could happen. Makes sense now.
It will be interesting to see how this pans out for our Texas Stars. We have a lot of pretty good AHL players now and someone is going to have to get re-assigned and someone is going to be scratched every game. When Glennie and Tousignat both get healthy, it will be even more problematic.
In comment to the poster before me, its not all about stats. Sceviour is not NHL size, Vincour is. Colton is a mid-level AHL player, and without size, is going to have a hard time cracking an NHL roster regularly.
Maybe you weren't at the game on Sunday, but it was a pretty impressive effort by the team and coaching staff. Not sure why you think Texas' staff should be "cleaned out". You have to keep in mind both teams are operating on a bare-bones budget right now. They dont have much to work with.
My point is this, as Phil Esposito once said, if recruiting hockey players were as easy as looking at physicality, scouts would only attend gyms and not hockey games. Vincour has never put up gaudy or even quality number, even at the WHL level while Sceviour has and on a consistant basis. As for the team, the old addage in hockey is a good team makes you look bad and a bad team makes you look good. OKC is a bad team. enough said.
Not every player on any NHL team will put up gaudy numbers. I dont think anyone currently on the Texas Stars will ever put up gaudy numbers in the AHL, let alone the NHL. Many people see more in Vincour's physicality and work ethic than in Sceviour's "European" type game. Dont get me wrong, I think Sceviour has a good spot on the Texas Stars, but a full-time NHLer he will likely never be.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In a radio interview Tuesday, former House Speaker Newt Gingrich admitted that he regrets making a climate-change advocacy advertisement with California Democratic Rep. Nancy Pelosi in 2008.
For many conservatives, however, the sentiment is too little, too late.
The Hill noted that as late as January, Gingrich was sticking to his guns about the ad.
"I meant exactly what I said in that commercial," he said then.
Gingrich came under fire from conservatives for his participation at the time of the ad's release. The commercial has continued to dog Gingrich as he attempts to seek the Republican nomination for president.
Climate Depot, a website devoted to debunking the claims made by global warming advocates, has taken at least partial credit for pressuring Gingrich into voicing regret. Nevertheless, for Climate Depot proprietor Marc Morano, Gingrich's words hardly make up for his past actions.
American Enterprise Institute resident environmental expert Kenneth Green was more forgiving, telling TheDC that the climate debate should not be a good-guy-versus-bad-guy conversation, and that politically, inter-party efforts can result in criticism.


Building a global brand is something that requires a lot of work. It is not something that you can simply do by creating a website and social media accounts. From being able to understand and breakthrough language barriers, understanding cultural norms, and region specific tastes and habits, you should be able to effectively position your brand as a global brand that can be successful worldwide. In this article, we will be going over some of the key tips to keep in mind when you are looking to build a global brand.
One of the main things that you are going to need to do when it comes down to building and marketing a global brand successfully is fully understanding consumer behavior within the regions and markets that you are planning on launching your brand. Simply because consumers have specific buying habits and/or preferences in one culture, does not mean that another culture is going to have the same preferences or habits. For this reason, it is important to really understand the market you are entering in order to maximize the chances you achieve success within them.
2. Correctly Position Your Brand.
Another important thing that you are going to want to do when it comes to building a successful brand globally is to correctly position yourself. You need to establish good brand positioning in order to really be able to gain a competitive advantage within the marketplace. For instance, if you are looking to sell sports clothing, you will want to be sure that you know where people in the region typically buy their sports clothing. By doing this, you will be able to effectively position your brand accordingly. For instance, if consumers in your region rarely shop online, you are going to want to position your brand where they do shop instead.
Another important thing that you are going to want to do when it comes to positioning your brand as a global one is to think more broadly. Because your company is likely to need to expand it's product ideas based on specific regional demands, you will want to be sure that your business brand/name is broad enough to really compensate for such changes.
Another important thing that you might want to consider doing is try to find good partners that can help you enter a specific market or region. By finding various people that are either well known within a marketplace region and/or that have significant experience working within said region, you should be able to really maximize your chances of achieving success in the long run. Whether you decide to license your product or brand overseas or completely run it yourself, you should be able to make the transition easy and much more smooth by finding good partners to team up with to enter the foreign marketplace.
By following the tips above, you should be able to successfully position your brand for the global marketplace.


text:
Boston Globe - 8 Dec 08
http://www.boston.com/news/science/articles/2008/12/08/termites_show_complexity_of_biofuel_work
(Copied 26 Sep 09)
Termites Show Complexity of Biofuel Work
By Carolyn Y. Johnson
KEEPING BUSY - Over the past year, there have been many studies attempting to explain the innards of termites. Researchers want to learn how they break down wood. (Courtesy Yuichi Hongoh)
Researchers have scooped soil near the Quabbin Reservoir, visited a Russian volcano, and scoured the bottom of the sea looking for microbes that hold the key to new biofuels. Now, they are investigating deeper into the belly of termites.
The otherwise dreaded insect is a model bug bioreactor, adept at the difficult task of breaking down wood and turning it into fuel. Learning the secret of that skill could open the door to creating a new class of plant-based fuels to offset the nation's reliance on petroleum products. What scientists have learned so far, however, suggests it won't be easy to duplicate nature.
Over the past year, several studies elucidating termite innards have appeared in mainstream science journals. And last month, Japanese researchers added their own report on just how termites digest wood. A key, they said, can be found within termites' bodies like nested Russian dolls - a bacteria that lives within a microorganism that lives within the termite gut.
It's an intriguing, and complicated, symbiosis.
"We only need to look to nature to get a clear sign this is not going to have a simple solution," said Jared Leadbetter, associate professor of environmental microbiology at the California Institute of Technology, who was not involved in the study. "With 100 million years-plus to streamline this process, you have species living within species, living within species. So we better embrace the fact this is going to have a complex answer."
In a study published last year, Leadbetter and others explored a small sample of termite gut bacteria genes, and found 1,000 involved in breaking down wood.
The new study, which focuses on one of the most voracious of the 2,600 termite species, illustrates yet more complexity. The work, published in the journal Science, shows how a partnership within termite guts helps explain wood digestion.
The microorganism, called P. grassi, breaks down cellulose, a component of wood. A bacteria that lives inside that microorganism provides nitrogen, necessary for life, but scarce in wood. Researchers have sequenced the genes of the bacteria and some of the protozoa, and are now analyzing the ones involved in digesting cellulose - in hopes of better understanding the secrets of the digestion process.
"As a team, we are aiming to find out factors useful for making a novel biofuel," author Yuichi Hongoh, of the Ecomolecular Biorecycling Science Research Team at RIKEN, a research institute in Wako, Japan, wrote in an e-mail.
The challenge of making fuel from rigid plants, such as trees, is that they lock away energy in complex molecules.
"Cellulose is a very, very tough molecule. You can hit it with acid - fairly concentrated acid - and it will just sit there," said Alexander DiIorio, director of the bioprocess center at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He is looking at everything from termites to rotting wood foraged from local forests in the search for ways to make cellulosic ethanol. His work is funded by California biofuels company EdenIQ.
Adding to the difficulty is that a rigid material called lignin is woven in with the cellulose. Researchers are looking for a variety of solutions to these problems - and in another scourge-turned-science moment, Pennsylvania State University researchers reported this summer that a fungus harbored in the gut of the Asian Longhorned Beetle that is ravaging Worcester's maples could help degrade lignin.
But even when promising enzymes and microbes have been identified, the work isn't straightforward.
For example, a microbe discovered in a soil sample from the Quabbin Reservoir can convert woody plant matter directly into ethanol, according to Sue Leschine, a professor of microbiology at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. But Qteros, the company she cofounded to work on the microbe, is untangling problems such as how to more cheaply prepare the raw materials for microbe digestion, and speed up the process.
Still, entrepreneurs are moving forward. Mascoma Corp., a cellulosic ethanol company based in Boston, announced in October that it had raised $49.5 million toward building a plant in Michigan.
Verenium Corp. in Cambridge built a demonstration plant in Louisiana and is working to extract fuel from materials like bagasse - the remnants of sugar cane.
Verenium, like other companies, is interested in termite innards, but ultimately is taking a much broader approach - scanning the great microbiological diversity of the world, agnostic to whether it is from a termite or the rainforest floor.
"Academics want to unravel [termite digestion] so they can get down to the first principles of what makes it work," Gregory Powers, executive vice president at Verenium said. "Our feeling is that process takes a very, very long time to elucidate. . . . We're in a business to sell chemicals, so we can't wait for the big research breakthrough in one or five years."
But to see the biofuel problem as a matter of scientific breakthroughs is itself misleading, Leadbetter said, considering the challenges posed by logistical issues such as building plants, distribution networks, and a supply chain of biomass.


Pennyrile Technologies is your one stop for all of your IT needs. Services include computer repair, server and network management, data recovery, web design, Internet marketing, virus removal, cabling, and more. We know that every client and their needs are unique, so we offer flexible services with custom plans tailored for each client. While some businesses will try to up-sell you or work towards a quick buck, we focus on building and maintaining lasting relationships with our clients.
si aici crapa... 6. or you could try smit. the ping does not start until the router is already fully up. All Rights Reserved.
That means you can't use the tftp feature as fas as i understand. RPM Package administration Recovering the linux shadow password file ( /etc/s... RE: Passwd file problem masrolyat (MIS) 16 Feb 07 13:44 Is this really the only AIX server on your network?You aresure you are not using NIS?ok, sounds like you have a Reasons such as off-topic, duplicates, flames, illegal, vulgar, or students posting their homework.
So I return to openwrt-brcm-2.4-squashfs.trx, because at least its telnet is working. Posting Guidelines Promoting, selling, recruiting, coursework and thesis posting is forbidden.Tek-Tips Posting Policies Jobs Jobs from Indeed What: Where: jobs by Link To This Forum! mini_fo_open: ERROR creating storage file. Forum Operations by The UNIX and Linux Forums United States English English IBM® Site map IBM IBM Support Check here to start a new keyword search.
RE: Passwd file problem p5wizard (IS/IT--Management) 17 Feb 07 05:13 I'd try giving nightman /usr/bin/ksh as shell and put the smitty mksysb in the user's .profile like so:---begin-of-nightman's-.profile---...(keep whatever's in there)(add What is Nagios ? Articles Forum New Posts FAQ Calendar Community Groups Albums Member List Forum Actions Mark Forums Read Quick Links Today's Posts View Site Leaders Blogs Advanced Search Forum Asus WL-700gE WL-700g Firmware If it is an SMB router / UTM appliance then go to the manufacturers page for help.
DUhhhh Probelma e ca la fiecare incercare de schimbare imi zi da mesajul care l-am postat aici. But don't blame me if things get worse. ;-)dude 5 Reply by jhsands 2007-03-26 19:58:55 jhsands Member Offline Registered: 2007-03-26 Posts: 6 Re: passwd does not work Thanks, I will try Document information More support for: AIX family Software version: 5.3, 6.1, 7.1 Operating system(s): AIX Reference #: T1011273 Modified date: 2009-01-29 Site availability Site assistance Contact and feedback Need support? like route, serve wireless, etc.
I think the pawwd file is corrupted if it is how can I fix it. mini_fo: get_neg_sto_dentry: ERROR building sto structure. Am incercat sa reflash-uiesc routerul dar NU a mers indiferent ce am incercat Din erorile intalnite de mine 1. The password list is in descending chronological order, with the most recent password appearing first in the list.
mini_fo: nondir_unmod_to_mod: ERROR getting neg. Thanks Dave Remove advertisements Sponsored Links rocker40 View Public Profile Find all posts by rocker40 #2 12-12-2007 porter Registered User Join Date: Jan 2007 Last Activity: 8 After I reset the router I am able to ping that (and it answers), however I cannot enter to router via telnet. Enter new password: Re-enter new password: passwd: An error occurred updating the password file. 2.


text:
Get WION News app for latest news
Mission Smart Cities
WION World Order
WION Global Summit
WION Mission Smart Cities
Britain elects record number of female lawmakers in 2019 election
AFP London, United Kingdom Dec 13, 2019, 10.18 PM(IST)
Scottish National Party's Amy Callaghan speaks after being announced as the winner for the constituency of East Dunbartonshire, in Bishopbriggs, Britain. Photograph:( Reuters )
One seat was yet to declare a result on Friday afternoon.
A record number of women were elected as lawmakers in Britain's general election, with women's rights campaigners on Friday cheering the result but saying progress towards equal representation must speed up.
Women now represent just over a third of all members of parliament (MPs), taking 220 seats out of 650 in Britain's lower house compared to 208 in the previous election, after a dramatic night that saw the ruling Conservative party make major gains.
"More women MPs than ever before is very welcome but we are inching forwards, up from 32 per cent to just 34 per cent," said Sam Smethers, the chief executive of women's rights group the Fawcett Society.
"Instead of congratulating ourselves for extremely slow progress let's see a commitment from all the political parties to an action to make the step change that is needed. It is time for equal power."
Parties are facing growing scrutiny over the diversity of their candidates, but women's campaigners say toxic politics and high levels of gendered abuse are driving away female MPs.
Two-thirds of female lawmakers told a survey by parliament's Women and Equalities Committee in November that progress on tackling violence and online abuse against women in politics impacted their willingness to stand for re-election.
A number of female candidates chose not to stand again in the December 12 election, with several citing the level of abuse they had experienced in the role as a factor.
The rise in representation largely came from a boost in female MPs for the ruling Conservative party although only about a quarter of its seats are filled by women.
Meanwhile, the left-wing Labour party was left with a majority of female MPs - 104 to 98 men - after a night which saw it suffer heavy losses.
At the current rate of progress, it will take decades to reach equality, said campaigners at the 50:50 Parliament group, which has run a campaign to encourage more women to stand for election to parliament.
"Clearly much more work needs to be done to build a better democracy that draws upon the talent and experience of the 32 million UK women," said the group's director Frances Scott.
Now, Trump set to add 'couple of countries' on travel ban list
Trump threatens to impose 'very high tariffs' on cars from EU


text:
Area firefighters pull together for Boshers family
Wednesday, July 14, 2021 - Firefighters in Sallisaw, Vian, Gore are teaming up this weekend to raise money for a Vian family facing a terrible loss.
The Sallisaw Fire Department will have a fire truck and banners posted in the Farmer's Market parking lot (in front of Sallisaw Lumber) from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Friday, where they will be accepting monetary donations in honor of the Boshers family.
The Boshers family was struck by tragedy last week when Vian Town Administrator Keith Boshers' wife and daughter were killed in a single-vehicle accident on Interstate 40 in Crawford County, Ark. His minor son and granddaughter were seriously injured in the crash. The family was returning from vacation. Keith Boshers had been with the family, but had returned earlier in the week.
The Vian Fire Department will be out beginning at 8 a.m. Saturday, July 17, accepting monetary donations at the town's four-way stop, Mayor and firefighter Dennis Fletcher said. "We as a fire department wanted to do something to help," he said.
In Gore, firefighters from RFPD1 will be stationed at Dave's Bait & Tackle and Harps on Saturday, July 17, from noon until 2 p.m., where they will also be accepting donations for the family.
Laura Brown, KXMX Staff Writer


Product information "HAIX Laces 905107"
Laces are supplied in pairs.
Exeption: Models with zippers require 2 laces per boot.
In case you want to replace the laces on both boots, please select quantity: 2.
Laces for the models Fire Hero 2, Fire Eagle und Airpower R91 are supplied in pairs. 2 laces per color.


The first set went off without a hitch, other than a broken guitar string during the fourth song. For the first half of the show, we always play cover tunes, mostly rock from the Sixties, Seventies and Eighties – just about anything teenaged guys put on when they're playing air guitar.
The set opened up with Gimme Shelter, and from there we never looked back. I camped it up next with Pat Benetar's Hit me with Your Best Shot, and then stretched my vocal chords with a Van Halen tune, followed by some Blondie, Bon Jovi and finished the first half with Aerosmith.
The bar was full and we played to the crowd. Whenever I perform, I always find that I draw my energy from the audience, and tonight they were giving it. Or maybe just a lot of them were drunk. I noticed Derek and his friends off to the side and smiled at them. I knew that during the break, he'd want to introduce me to his pals and I felt a bit awkward about it. It had been a long time since anyone had called me their girlfriend.
"Sure, go do your thing. We'll have time later." Derek gave me a quick kiss and I wandered over to chat with a couple of neighbours who come to see me every time I play.
For the second set, we did all our own stuff. Most of our original songs come from Mick, who has both a knack for lyrics and a knack for coming up with good rhythms and catchy melodies, unlike me.
The good thing about doing our originals is that Mick does some of the vocals, and the good thing about that is that it gives me a chance to sit in on the drums for a few songs. I know there are people out there, much more talented than I am, who can drum and sing at the same time, but that just doesn't work for me. At least not in public. I find I can only really give my all to one of those things at a time, and singing is what I'm better at. Still though, pounding away on the drums gives me a rush like nothing else does.
By the end of the second set, all four of us were exhausted but pumped. We knocked it out of the park for the encore, with Mick and me doing a duet to the Phish and Les Claypool bluegrass version of Gin and Juice. It's a totally misogynistic pothead song, but everybody always sings along with it, and I get a kick out of doing something with such twang.
"Yup, we done real good," Cole said with a wink. And we had.
"You guys want me to help load up?" I asked. I knew they'd say no, since I don't have any equipment except my mic, but I offer to give a hand every time.
I sauntered over to the end of the bar where Derek was standing, smiling at me. "You are one talented woman," he said.
Derek's phone has an extremely annoying ringtone. It sounds like a school bell in a tunnel. It's even more annoying when it rouses me from a sound sleep.
"Mmpth. You have to kill whoever that is," I mumbled, and then put the pillow over my head. We had gone to bed a little after three o'clock, but hadn't actually gone to sleep until a good while after that.
He got out of bed and grabbed his jeans from the floor.
"Hmph... What's going on?" I asked, pulling the comforter up over the pillow, up over my head.


Modern glamour bedroom designs decorating ideas is one images from 12 inspiring modern glam bedroom photo of SFConfelca Homes photos gallery. This image has dimension 657x437 Pixel and File Size 36 KB, you can click the image above to see the large or full size photo. Previous photo in the gallery is modern glam master bedroom reveal homes have made. You are viewing image #12 of 12, you can see the complete gallery at the bottom below.


The need to smoke can be quite inconvenient at times. You may feel the need to interrupt conversations to have a cigarette, and you won't feel good if you don't get your cigarette. To break this unsightly habit, keep reading! The following article has a great number of helpful suggestions to aid your efforts to stop smoking, once and for all.
A support group can help you follow up on your decision to stop smoking. These new ex-smokers can be a valuable source of support when faced with the various challenges that confront you, as they have or are dealing with them as well. These types of people can be a great backbone that can help you quit, and get through this. You can find groups for support at local churches, recreational centers or community colleges.
TIP! Create a list of the reasons why you're quitting. Putting things on paper can have a profound effect on your mental outlook.
If you want to stop smoking, you need to make a list on how you will go about quitting. Make sure to match your list to your unique personality. Different people can accomplish the same thing in various ways. It is important to find what your best options are. This is accomplished when you create your own list.
If you're trying to quit smoking, be sure to get plenty of rest. Not getting adequate sleep can sometimes lead to cravings. Additionally, you will be alone late at night, increasing your temptation to smoke. Obtaining a full eight hours of sleep nightly allows you to maintain your motivation and your ability to combat cigarette cravings.
When a craving comes on to eat after you stop smoking, reach for vegetables and fruit. This will help control your weight at this crucial time. Eating a healthy diet will give you the strength and stamina that you need to stay focused on your goal.
TIP! Many ex-smokers have found that hypnosis works when quitting smoking. Many people have quit by going to a licensed hypnotist, and it could work for you, too.
Set a series of intermediate goals as part of your program to stop smoking. As you achieve each goal, reward yourself. You can go to a movie or buy something that you wanted, after not smoking for a period of time. Once you've passed that month long milestone, enjoy a fancy night out at your favorite restaurant. This will help to increase motivation for your reward in an effort to eliminate smoking from your thoughts.
There are many healthy ways of handling stress. That could mean hitting the gym at the time of day when your cravings are worst, picking up a new hobby or getting a regular massage appointment. If you have leisure time, distract yourself with hobbies you enjoy and people you love.
TIP! There is a certain amount of weight gain that is often the result of stopping smoking, and eating fruits and vegetables instead of sweets is one way to help avoid this. This will boost your health by enjoying some healthy produce while stopping weight gain in it's tracks.
One strategy to help you quit smoking is to make a brand switch. Switching to a poor brand can negatively alter your perception of smoking. Do not smoke a greater number of them than usual or modify the way in which you inhale them. You will be off to a great start in kicking your habit.
One of the stepping stones to quitting smoking is feeling like you're tired of smoking. The advice in the above article should provide you the remainder of the information you need in order to eliminate this bad habit for good. Start using these tips and you can finally be free of the need for cigarettes.


text:
Карл Карлович Зенгер (; 1829—1885) — российский , главный врач Голицынской больницы.

Брат Николая Карловича Зенгера.

Биография
Родился  года в семье владельца московской придворной аптеки Карла Петровича Зенгера (1800—1872).

В 1846 году поступил на медицинский факультет Императорского Московского университета, откуда в 1851 году был выпущен со званием лекаря. Будучи студентом, дважды получил за представленные им сочинения золотую медаль.

Службу начал 15 сентября 1851 года при Ахлебаевском странноприимном доме Попечительского совета общественного призрения; в 1852–1856 годах состоял сверхштатным врачом при Московской городской больнице, с 1854 года — врачом при конторе Государственного банка.

С 1857 года — доктор медицины за диссертацию «De secali cornuto». С 1860 года занимал должность помощника инспектора, затем ещё и помощника главного доктора Голицынской больницы.

Адрес‑календарь за 1878 год сообщал: «Благотворительные общества. Московское попечительство о бедных. 1‑е Пречистенское отделение. При 1‑м Пречистенском отделении Алексеевская больница для воспитанниц учебных заведений попечительства, заболевающих прилипчивыми болезнями. Врач Зенгер, Карл Карлович, Дейст<вительный> Cт<атский> Cов<етник>; Серп<уховская> ч., в зд. Голицынской больницы». В чин действительного статского советника он был произведён 26 декабря 1875 года. Имел ордена: Св. Станислава 2-й степени с императорской короной (1866), Св. Анны 2-й степени с императорской короной (1872), Св. Владимира 3-й степени (1879). Имел в Москве каменный дом. Был главным доктором Голицынской больницы.

Умер  года. Сообщается, что он был похоронен на Введенском кладбище, но Московский некрополь таких сведений не даёт.

Жена Александра Ивановна, происходила из мещанского сословия. Их сын, Владимир Карлович (1872—1927), окончивший в 1899 году юридический факультет Московского университета, был юристом в Московской конторе Государственного банка и на общественных началах — инспектором гимназии А. Е. Флёрова; женился на дворянке Елизавете Егоровне Соболевой — от них у Карла Карловича было две внучки (Александра и Татьяна) и два внука (Сергей и Георгий); причём  1907 года родилась двойня: Татьяна и Георгий — последний стал отцом известного советского врача-отоларинголога Владимира Георгиевича Зенгера (1938—2008).

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки

Доктора медицины Российской империи
Похороненные на Введенском кладбище, чьи могилы утрачены

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A.D. 2132, for already few decades since the space era starts, human beings have built various colonies on Mars and have begun to gather resource from satellites of Jupiter. Now I am in a lounge of one of many space ports on the Earth, waiting for a spaceship flight to a city on the Mars. I can't imagine such a routine trip for me could be a dream for people in a century ago. However, in a blink I found myself actually still in the timeline of A.D. 2016, and my location is in a game centre in the Meland Meilin Shopping Centre, Shenzhen.
The entrance of the "spaceship" is made of the feature wall and doorway that are accumulated by series of hexagonal patterned metal features. These infrangible honeycomb shaped features are matched with the high gloss paint finishes that consist of randomly arranged tones from white to blue and purple. The tones above are the colours that can be seen in the spacious universe, with the aid of some fixtures in the surroundings, the result is a sci-fi genre that leads people to the space era. The windows within the hexagonal matrix take the role as a spaceship's windows through to the surrounding universe, with the laminating signage and ceiling light troughs bringing out the main theme, it is no wonder why visitors would mistakenly found themselves in the space era.
The service counter is the very first place to visit while getting aboard the spaceship. The durable hexagonal structure of the entrance has been introduced to the whole interior since this area. The finish of the counter that represents the skyline of futuristic city is being highlighted by a series of LED strips, the feature wall behind the counter has applied the beehive setting that is similar to the counterpart at entrance, in order to respond to style of the entrance. Some hexagons in the "beehive" has been dragged longer and bonded to form various extents on the lengths of hexagons, the mechanical and rapid atmosphere of the era of space colonies.
Then the setting of this feature wall has been expanded towards the walls in whole interior as well, yet the feature has been divided into 3 lanes of flat matte paint finish with different colours, and also decorated by several ornamental light troughs in between, which is in purpose for responding the skyline theme of the counter unit, as well as displaying the urban atmosphere and voyage passion of the destination on Mars.


LINDA Cowperthwaite and Maraday Mystaron ended 2012 at the top of the FEI World Endurance Combination rankings. Angela Calvert went to meet them.
Heading the FEI (international equestrian sport governing body) rankings as a result of accumulated points from races during the season was a phenomenal achievement for Linda Cowperthwaite and Maraday Mystaron.
However, Linda believes the best is still to come from her horse and plans are already under way for this season.
Linda is no stranger to endurance riding, having competed for the last 20 years alongside her aunt, Evelyn Helme, herself a former national champion. Evelyn stables Maraday Mystaron, known as Ron, at her home in St Michael's on Wyre, Lancashire.
Linda says: "Endurance is one of the fastest growing equestrian sports and is something anyone can get involved in.
The maximum race distance of 160km (100 miles) in a day can involve up to 10 hours in the saddle and championship races are often won at 20kph (12mph).


text:
package algorithm.graph;

import algorithm.graph.representation.AdjacencyList;

/**
 * Created by Francisco Yllera.
 */
public interface GraphSearch {
    public int findVertex(AdjacencyList adjacencyList, int rootVertex, int vertexToFind);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Macildowie HR are working exclusively on a retained basis with an organisation based in Leicester that are going through an exciting period of change! The organisation are looking for a L&D Coordinator to work alongside the L&D Assistant to provide training interventions and deliver training and development activities. This is a permanent position, based in central Leicester offering between ?20,000-?26,000 plus benefits.


Hello, and happy Tuesday! I have 2 newly released addons to my Time for Wine collection, and today is $2 Tuesday.
Check out the new addons to the Time for Wine Collection by CathyK Designs. The new Graffiti, the new Word Art, as well as the rest of the entire collection, is 40% off through November 2.


PRICES: Your browser does not support inline frames or is currently configured not to display inline frames.
Monadnock Aviation is committed to providing the best services and the lowest possible prices. Our philosophy is to treat you as we would like to be treated. Whether you fly a Cessna 152 or a Gulfstream G-IV, you are certainly welcome and we look forward to exceeding your expectations.
We are located under the rotating beacon in the terminal. Our hours are from 8am until 5pm daily, and we are able to provide service after hours.
We are proud to show you our facilities and even more proud to show off our customer service. We offer a passenger waiting area, crew lounge, clean bathrooms, flight planning area, Wi-Fi, smart TVs, competitive fuel pricing, maintenance, aircraft rentals, and a friendly welcome.


text:
Q: How to use a Google Cloud Function to add timestamp onCreate to Firestore in Native mode The project in question was created through the regular Google Console. Not the firebase one.
I have entered the code below into the Cloud Console and associated with the onCreate event of my firestore database. The event is triggered correctly when I insert a document at specified the path. However the function always fails with
TypeError: Cannot read property 'ref' of undefined at exports.helloFirestore
The document is created, but there is no "createdAt" field.
What am I missing?
function
exports.helloFirestore = (snap, context) => {
return snap.ref.set(
  {
    createdAt: admin.firestore.FieldValue.serverTimestamp()
  },
  { merge: true }
)
.catch(error => {
   console.log(error);
   return false;
});

}
Here is what it looks like in the console.

A: You should use the Firebase CLI to deploy code that response to events coming from Firebase products.  Your node project will need to have the firebase-functions module installed, and you will need to use that to build the trigger as show throughout the documentation.  It's possible that you might be able to modify the function in the console after it's deployed, but the Firebase CLI is the only supported way of writing functions for Firebase products.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


San Mateo Podiatry Group was founded in 1917 and is a fourth-generation, physician owned, single specialty practice serving clients in Northern California, and beyond.
Satisfied for the service friendly staff.
Dr Bulkin is a very dedicated physician . compassionately tending to the patient needs always.
Front office was prompt, helpful and I completed my visit as planned.
Great doctor and staff. The doctor takes his time to examine , discuss and explain the treatment.
Good & friendly service. Does a great job trimming the nails.
Worked with Dr Metaxis on a bunion that needed to be fixed. He had a unique approach to straightening things out. Very communicative, clear, excellent visuals, honest, accurate and a great bedside manner. Highly recommend.


text:
Thoughts on Last NIght's Mayoral Debate
Indianapolis Mayor Greg Ballard
Here are my thoughts after watching last night's mayoral debate on Channel 13 between Mayor Greg Ballard and Melina Kennedy:
Anyone who says that Mayor Ballard won, either on substance or style, is wearing rose-colored glasses and not being objective.
Having said the above, if you factor in Mayor Ballard's much lower expectations (think of a golf handicap) then possibly you could judge the two candidate's performances as being even.
Mayor Ballard does not respond well to criticism. Whenever Kennedy threw out criticism Ballard immediately took the bait, addressing the negative without ever turning it back into a positive.
I think the Kennedy campaign has made a mistake in not being more aggressive early on attacking Ballard's record. He might well have had a meltdown. Even though they haven't been very aggressive, Ballard seems all too willing to go on the defensive and let her criticism define the issues.
Kennedy landed a blow when it came to tax and fee increases. Ballard had the authority to say "no" and he never did.
Regarding the former, Kennedy makes a mistake when she lets Ballard focus only on the business fee increases. Ballard supported a hotel tax increase (giving us the combined highest hotel and sales tax in the country), a rental car tax increase, a ticket tax increase, an alcohol tax increase, an increase in the food and beverage tax and an extension of the wheel tax.
Kennedy mentioned the $33 million for the Pacers, I believe within the context of the priorities Mayor Ballard. The comment got kind of buried. She should emphasize that point more because the Mayor is extremely vulnerable on the issue of misplaced priorities.
Melina Kennedy
The most blood of the night was drawn on an exchange about the parking meters. Kennedy received a privatization question and used it to attack Mayor Ballard's ACS 50 year parking meter contract. Ballard responded that people like the modernized meters and that, besides, we can get out of the contract every 10 years. Kennedy correctly pointed out that the Early Termination provision in the contract is a farce, that the penalty to exercise it is so excessive that it can never be used. (Actually the $20 million penalty is only one of the contractual conditions that make the Early Termination provision impossible to ever be exercised.)
It would have been great if Kennedy was able to also work in the figure 70%, as in the fact the City is giving away 70% of the revenue in the contract. Also she should have called him out on Mayor's talking about modernization as justification for the 50 year contract. The City could have purchased the meters ourselves for about $8 to $10 million and kept 100% of the revenue for the next 50 years. Instead Ballard mortgaged the future of our city for a small upfront cash payment.
Kennedy continued to pound the issue of education. I am all for using the Mayor's bully pulpit to try to improve education, and in particular IPS, but I still think education is one of the Mayor's few strong areas. I can only assume there is polling supporting this line of attack.
Mayor Ballard really waffled when it came to the question about the comprehensive smoking ban. From listening to him, youwould have thought his position supporting what amounts to about a 99% ban isindefensible. He offered to "compromise" on the issue. Isn't a compromise on the smoking ban already in place? What's wrong with letting a bar owner, where only adults are allowed in, decide whether to have smoking? That's a solidly pro-freedom, Republican position. Yet Ballard seems uncomfortable with it.
I have never seen a major election like this where there is absolutely no independent polling just a little over four weeks out. My guess is a poll would probably show Mayor Ballard up by about 10 points, though that's strictly a guess. I still think on Election Day Kennedy will win though I would increase Ballard's chances to getting close to 40%, up the 30% or so I previously pegged the odds at. I just don't think the Democrats have defined Ballard as they should have given the ammunition he's given them over the past four years. Marion County though is a solidly Democratic county, even more so than it was in 2007. Even in 2010, a great Republican year, the baseline favored Democrats by 10 points. It's hard not to give the edge to Kennedy, especially when considering that Marion County Democratic Chairman Ed Treacy is an expert when it comes to turnout.
Labels: Greg Ballard, Mayoral Debate, Melina Kennedy
I don't think Kennedy is going to win. My ear to the ground tells me it is Ballard.
HFFT, don't forget that the candidates don't start at the same starting line. Democrats have a 10% to 20% edge in the county. If the county were 50-50, I might agree. But that's not the case.


People who do not like their crow's feet (lines besides their eyes) or lines between their eyebrows (glabellar area) or their foreheads lines benefit from Botox® injections. The effect of the Botox® begins about 4-7 days after the injections and lasts for approximately four months. The results can be very impressive! Botox is also very effective for excessive underarm sweating and frequently can last up to 6 months.


text:
They're Back!
Rasa Fournier
As sweet pikake blooms even sweeter, ulu ripens, Pali winds whip up and soft rains tickle the Koolaus, another force of nature is swaying into gear. And that is Na Kamalei O Lililehua, kumu Robert Cazimero's all-male halau, embarking on its decennial migration to the chief of all hula celebrations, Hilo's Merrie Monarch Festival (merriemonarch.com).
If you know Na Kamalei, this year's appearance at Merrie Monarch is a milestone, being as these hula brothers only compete on that hallowed stage every 10 years. They performed there two years ago in celebration of Merrie Monarch's 50th, but the men of Na Kamalei last competed in 2005 — and they swept top honors.
mw-cover-031815
Kumu hula Robert Cazimero's all-male Na Kamalei O Lililehua is going back to Hilo for the Merrie Monarch hula competition for the first time in 10 years, a fitting way to celebrate the halau's 40th anniversary. Watch out — the last time Na Kamalei competed at Merrie Monarch, they swept the awards. Bodie Collins photo bcollins@midweek.com
"You do what you can do for seven minutes, for seven judges," says Cazimero. "You are putting yourself up in front of them, and it is a toss of the coin every single time."
During the competition, the men dance twice, once on kahiko (ancient) day and the next day an 'auana (modern) number. Ask Cazimero the most rewarding aspect of bringing his halau to Merrie Monarch and the most challenging aspect, and he has a simple answer for both: getting there.
"Getting there means everything," he says, and he seems to be talking not just about the immediate task at hand, but also life's holistic process. "Getting there incorporates everything from the very beginning, from 40 years ago. Getting there also means the journey to be in Hilo and then to get through the competition."
This year marks four decades since Cazimero took on six young men as his first hula pupils, a bold move at the time, since hula was not considered particularly manly for a contemporary rock 'n' roll era youngster of the '70s. And an all-male halau? Unheard of. But in breaking with the status quo, he was following the orders and blessings of his own kumu, Maiki 'Aiu Lake.
Na Kamalei first attended Merrie Monarch in '76 the year a kane division was added, just a year after the halau was formed. They competed yearly until '79, when Cazimero decided putting a few years' space between Merrie Monarch entries would be more practical, considering the cost of air and ground transportation, food and lodging. By 2005, rather than waiting the usual decade, they decided that dancing at Merrie Monarch would be a grand way to celebrate the halau's 30th. Now they're back for their big 4-0.
Two of Cazimero's original students will join the group in Hilo, but with the maximum age entry of 55, they'll be contributing their support through tasks from driving to cooking, rather than dancing. Roughly 40 students currently comprise the halau, with a total of 19 taking part in the competition each night. The finale is always bittersweet, as the halau's rare attendance means that another set of elder dancers will retire out of the Merrie Monarch age bracket after the April 5-11 festivities.
Within the past three years, Cazimero reinvigorated the group by accepting several "young men," age 30 and under, with current students as young as 17.
"When you've been teaching as long as I have, and when there are so many new teachers coming up, students will sometimes look to a younger teacher," says Cazimero. "Then, there's me and this 40-year institution, which can be kind of intimidating. Our work and my reputation can precede me."
Being part of Cazimero's halau means being part of his family:
"Ours is a different halau, in that I haven't charged for lessons. My kumu told me that to have a gentleman dance hula for you is a privilege, so I thought to myself, 'I never paid, so they're not going to pay.' I have the luxury of it being almost like a shared hobby and therefore it becomes more a family."
Speaking of family, Cazimero humbly blames his knack for making headlines on having created a male halau, but that's only part of his prolific appeal. He's even more recognized for his and younger brother Roland's award-winning musical duo, Brothers Cazimero (on hiatus this year, with Roland ill). These two, among 12 siblings, have circled the globe together, from California to New York and Europe to Japan, be it for their music or for Na Kamalei. The tight travel and performance schedule that keeps Robert out of state more than half the year contributes to the halau's rare Merrie Monarch appearances. Cazimero loves the opportunity to travel and has an exciting "first" planned for a bit later this year — a trip to New Zealand.
"There's a definite energy to Hawaii," he says. "When I'm feeling low and down, I go outside and put my feet on the ground because I believe in that energy. I want to know the energy of Aotearoa."
MidWeek Cover Story
Kumu hula Robert CazimeroMerrie Monarch FestivalNa Kamalei
Na Ali'i Look To Hauki As A Leader For Volleyball Season


At John Harrison we can advise companies in the Worksop area about group VAT registration. Here are some of the issues to consider.
If you're based in the Worksop area and would like further advice on VAT group registration, please contact John Harrison.