text:
#2467 | Thursday, September 12th 2002
i was at home on that day when i heard the news on tv, i just sat in total shock the tears and the pain i felt for those people and kept asking why. one year later we the world still feel the pain and will never forget those people who lost there lives and there familys. God bless always in our hearts
nicola	| 30 | United Kingdom
I WAS SITTING AT HOME WATCHING T.V. WHEN THE NEWS FLASHES STARTED, IT WAS HORRIFFIC. I FELT FOR ALL THE PEOPLE INVOLVED BUT ESPECIALLY FLIGHT CREW AND CABIN CREW AS I TOO WORK AS CABIN CREW. EVEN THOUGH YOU ARE TRAINED IN THE EVENT OF HIJAKINGS, THE THOUGHT OF THE POOR CREW ON THOSE 4 FLIGHTS THAT DAY UPSETS ME. THEY ARE ALSO THE HEROES OF 9/11. GOD BLESS THEM AND THIER FAMILLIES. XXX
JAMES NEWCOMBE	| 22 | United Kingdom
On the 11-9-01,I was getting ready to pick my two daughters up from school.I was numb,angry,upset,worried lots of angry feelings inside of me when I seen the t.v,I just kept thinking why,I knew nobody in America but I still cryed like I never cried before.Even now when I see a picture or something to do with that day my heart sinks.That is a school run I will never forget,no calling at the shop for sweet's,no talking at the school gates,or slow walking home,I just needed to be infront of the t.v.Still I am very lucky I can pick my daughters up,there is children without mams and dads as a result of that day that is something I can be thankful for,now writing this wipeing the tears that still roll down my face putting it in to words I will pray for all those poor people whose lovedones have gone.
victoria	| 28 | United Kingdom
I was upstairs in my bedroom with my best friend. we were getting ready to go to a concert in London so we had the CD on of the band we were going to see.
We went downstairs to leave, and there it was on the TV, the images that haunt the minds of almost everyone that saw them. All I could do was stare at the TV. I felt so guilty that I had been upstairs laughing, joking, singing and acting like a kid while all this was going on. I couldnt beleive what was happening.
we went to London and all i could think about on the way there was "I wonder whats happening now". We had no access to information on the train.
We got to London and we found out that our concert may be cancelled because there had been a threat that a plane was going to be flown into Canary Wharf. I didnt care about the concert though. It wasnt cancelled but I didnt enjoy it at all, i just wanted to get home and see what was happening.
The best qoute I have heard is "stand facing the sun, and the shadows will fall behind you".
Emma Jeffery	| 16 | United Kingdom
11th September , 2001 was the day after my 30th Birthday, and was i feeling hard done to or what! Getting old and all that over the hill stuff was flooding through my mind. I had booked the week off work to "celebrate" but didn't feel like celebrating at all. I had moaned about not doing anything special for my birthday, and so i had got Mark to take me to a small town for a day of shopping and afternoon tea. We had arrived in town and had sat and had a coffee in a lovely tea shop, and up until then me and my partner of 11 1/2 years had been arguing and not liking each other, what a great day it had been!!! But then we had a call from a friend saying that a plane had flown into the world trade centre and it just didn't register. The night before (my birthday) we had had a curry as we were going out at the weekend for my birthday, and had watched a programme called how buildings collapse, so it was uncanny to hear about it on the news. But the severity of it didn't hit home. Then as Mark was talking to Ken on his phone, he was relaying parts of it to me, and he said "it wasn't an accident" and "it's a passenger jet". That was when i felt my skin go numb, what was going on? That doesn't happen in real life. Then while Mark was still talking i saw the electrical shop had televisions in the window and i could see the smoke coming from the tower, i told mark and he ended his call and we stood in the electrical shop and watched as the smoke poured out into the sky and the news people showed the plane hit the building over and over in slow motion. I just couldn't stop crying, and i'm crying now just thinking about it. Then when the second plane hit i couldn't watch and Mark was very quiet. Even though we were thousands of miles away, it felt like anything could happen now. We dashed home in the car and Mark was almost in shock. We listened to the radio all the way home and we phoned our family because it felt like the world was ending. Everything you see in science fiction and action films was happening. The reporters on the radio said there were allegedly five more planes one heading for the whitehouse, one the pentagon, possibly one for london. Then the other plane crashed into the pentagon and all the airports were closed. I felt like a fool worrying about being 30 years old and some of these people had just been at work and had to die in this terrible devastating way. When we got home we watched the news on every channel and just couldn't believe it was real. That evening Mark just put on his coat and said come on were going out. He had calmed down as we had watched the tv but he was still shocked. When we got in the car he said " I go through life using excuses like I don't have enough money, or enough time, or it's not my sort of thing, instead of living every single day, so tonight we are going to go to the football match." I wasn't a fan of football, that much, but it felt amazing to be standing with 16,000 people and holding a minutes silence for those still trapped and those already dead. I have vowed since that day that i WILL do things that aren't really my cup of tea, or will go to different places and forget the excuses from now on. If i have learned anything from this dreadful tragedy, then it is to treat life as an adventure not a chore, and to live every single day like it's the most important one in your life. I still think about those brave people of 9/11 and i pray for them and hope they can all rest in peace.
Tracy Poston	| 31 | United Kingdom
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What a crazy week it's been here at Pili Pili!! We love the support we're being shown by the best customers in the world! You are the reason we strive to do better every day! Thank you, thank you, thank you!!
Starting tomorrow at 11am, why not pop by your headquarters for East African Eats to have some of these awesome specials we'll be whipping up all weekend long!!!
We've been getting calls all week for these treats so we've decided to feature them again this weekend!!
Fresh Ontario corn grilled and finished in a rich coconut curry! A must have!


text:
/**
 * Created by chris on 31/10/2013.
 */

describe('An Either', function () {

    beforeEach(function () {
        jasmine.addMatchers({
            toBeRight: getCustomMatcher(function (actual) {
                return actual.isRight();
            }),
            toBeRightWith: getCustomMatcher(function (actual, expected) {
                return actual.right() == expected;
            }),
            toBeLeft: getCustomMatcher(function (actual) {
                return actual.isLeft();
            }),
            toBeLeftWith: getCustomMatcher(function (actual, expected) {
                return actual.left() == expected;
            })
        });
    });

    var rightString = Either.Right("abcd")
    describe('that is right', function () {
        it('will be transformed by a map', function () {
            expect(rightString.map(function (val) {
                return val.length
            })).toBeRightWith(4)
        })
        it('will return true when isRight is called', function () {
            expect(rightString.isRight()).toBeTruthy()
        })
        it('will return value when right is called', function () {
            expect(rightString.right()).toBe("abcd")
        })
        it('will return false when isLeft is called', function () {
            expect(rightString.isLeft()).toBeFalsy()
        })
        it('will throw error when left() is called', function () {
            expect(function () {
                rightString.left()
            }).toThrow('Illegal state. Cannot call left() on a Either.right')
        })
        it('will be transformed by a bind', function () {
            expect(rightString.bind(function (val) {
                return Either.Right("efgh")
            })).toBeRightWith("efgh")
            expect(rightString.bind(function (val) {
                return Either.Left("big left")
            })).toBeLeftWith("big left")
            expect(rightString.flatMap(function (val) {
                return Either.Right("efgh")
            })).toBeRightWith("efgh")
            expect(rightString.flatMap(function (val) {
                return Either.Left("big left")
            })).toBeLeftWith("big left")
        })
        it('will run the right side of cata', function () {
            expect(rightString.cata(function (val) {
                throw "left"
            }, function (val) {
                return "right " + val
            })).toBe("right abcd")
        })
        it('will not be leftMapped', function () {
            expect(rightString.leftMap(function () {
                throw "left"
            })).toBeRightWith("abcd")
        })
        it('will be bimapped', function () {
            expect(rightString.bimap(function () {
                throw left
            },function (s) {
                return "right " + s
            })).toBeRightWith("right abcd")
        })
        it('can be converted to Maybe.Some', function() {
          expect(rightString.toMaybe().isSome()).toBe(true)
        })
        it('can be converted to Validation.Success', function() {
          expect(rightString.toValidation().success()).not.toBeUndefined()
        })
        it('equals to Right with the same value', function() {
          expect(rightString.equals(Either.Right('abcd'))).toBeTruthy()
          expect(Right(Just(2)).equals(Right(Just(2)))).toBeTruthy()
        })
        it('does not equal to Rights with different values or Lefts', function() {
          expect(rightString.equals(Either.Left('abcd'))).toBeFalsy()
          expect(rightString.equals(Either.Right('x'))).toBeFalsy()
        })
        it('renders as Right(value)', function() {
          expect(rightString.toString()).toBe('Right(abcd)')
        })
    })

    var leftString = Either.Left("error dude")
    describe('that is a left', function () {
        it('will not be transformed by a map', function () {
            expect(leftString.map(function (val) {
                return "butterfly"
            })).toBeLeftWith("error dude")
        })
        it('will not be transformed by a bind', function () {
            expect(leftString.bind(function (val) {
                return Either.Right("efgh")
            })).toBeLeftWith("error dude")
            expect(leftString.bind(function (val) {
                return Either.Left("big left")
            })).toBeLeftWith("error dude")
            expect(leftString.flatMap(function (val) {
                return Either.Right("efgh")
            })).toBeLeftWith("error dude")
            expect(leftString.flatMap(function (val) {
                return Either.Left("big left")
            })).toBeLeftWith("error dude")
        })
        it('will return false when isRight is called', function () {
            expect(leftString.isRight()).toBeFalsy()
        })
        it('will return error value when left() is called', function () {
            expect(leftString.left()).toBe("error dude")
        })
        it('will return true when isLeft is called', function () {
            expect(leftString.isLeft()).toBeTruthy()
        })
        it('will throw error when right() is called', function () {
            expect(function () {
                leftString.right()
            }).toThrow('Illegal state. Cannot call right() on a Either.left')
        })
        it('will run the left side of cata', function () {
            expect(leftString.cata(function (val) {
                return "left: " + val
            }, function (val) {
                throw "right"
            })).toBe("left: error dude")
        })
        it('will be leftMapped', function () {
            expect(leftString.leftMap(function (s) {
                return "left: " + s
            }).left()).toBe("left: error dude")
        })
        it('can be bimapped', function () {
            expect(leftString.bimap(function (s) {
                return "left: " + s
            }, function () {
                throw "right"
            })).toBeLeftWith("left: error dude")
        })

        it('can be converted to Maybe.None', function() {
          expect(leftString.toMaybe().isNone()).toBe(true)
        })
        it('can be converted to Validation.Fail', function() {
          expect(leftString.toValidation().fail()).not.toBeUndefined()
        })
        it('equals to Left with the same value', function() {
          expect(leftString.equals(Either.Left('error dude'))).toBeTruthy()
          expect(Left(Just(2)).equals(Left(Just(2)))).toBeTruthy()
        })
        it('does not equal to Rights with different values or Lefts', function() {
          expect(leftString.equals(Either.Left('x'))).toBeFalsy()
          expect(leftString.equals(Either.Right('error dude'))).toBeFalsy()
        })
        it('renders as Left(x)', function() {
          expect(leftString.toString()).toBe('Left(error dude)')
        })

    })

    var person = Monet.curry(function (forename, surname, address) {
        return forename + " " + surname + " lives at " + address
    })

    var validateAddress = Either.Right('Dulwich, London')
    var validateSurname = Either.Right('Baker')
    var validateForename = Either.Right('Tom')

    describe('Applicative functor pattern', function () {
        it('will produce a person object if all validations are rights', function () {
            var personString = validateAddress.ap(validateSurname.ap(validateForename.map(person))).right()
            expect(personString).toBe("Tom Baker lives at Dulwich, London")
        })
        it('will not produce a person object if any validations are lefts', function () {
            var result = validateAddress.ap(Either.Left(["no surname"]).ap(validateForename.map(person)))
            expect(result).toBeLeftWith("no surname")
        })
        it('will stop on first error if any validations are list type lefts', function () {
            var result = Either.Left(["no address"]).ap(Either.Left(["no surname"]).ap(validateForename.map(person)))
            expect(result.left()[0]).toBe("no address")
        })
        it('will accumulate errors if any validations are string type lefts', function () {
            var result = Either.Left("no address").ap(Either.Left("no surname").ap(validateForename.map(person)))
            expect(result.left()).toBe("no address")
        })

    })

    // TODO: Provide additional test suite for `monet-pimp`
    xdescribe("will pimp an object", function () {
        it("with right", function () {
            expect("hello".right()).toBeRightWith("hello")
        })
        it("with left on string", function () {
            expect("hello".left()).toBeLeftWith("hello")
        })
        it("with left on array", function () {
            expect(["hello"].left()).toBeLeft()
            expect(["hello"].left().left()[0]).toBe("hello")
        })

    })

})

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Here we will be reviewing some gear and clothing, and let you know what we think. Also we will be giving you ideas on how to purchase something if you like it.
We will be building this part bit by bit!
Check out our review on Roces Ski Boots for kids.
Spot on Black Crows Skis.


Here at The JSI Store, we strive to provide our customers with the absolute lowest prices possible on kitchen and bathroom cabinets. When we are offered promotions from our manufacturers, we pass those savings directly to you! If you find a lower price on the same kitchen or bathroom cabinets from another dealer, we promise to do everything possible to match or beat that price! In the event that we are not able to beat or match a quote, we will still provide competitive pricing and incredible customer service.
In order for us to match or beat a competitors price, you must send us a copy of your shopping cart. Please email customerservice@jsicabinets.com with details of your price quote. Please note we can only price match the exact products that we sell. In addition, the order must not be placed, shipped, or prepped for shipping. At that point, we can't change the price and the order can't be cancelled without applied fees.
The JSI Store was built on customer service and we value each of our customers. We understand that choosing a company to buy from is a difficult process, but we would like to assure you that we are the right choice for you. From free design sessions and selection to ordering and delivery, we are here for you through the entire process. If there is a problem, we are going to resolve it as fast as possible. It's as simple as that.


Canyon Winds Independent Living - Mesa, AZ has yet not published prices.
This facility provided wonderful, caring environment, staffed by caring and well-trained caregivers. I would heartily recommend this facility to anyone needing independent, assisted or memory care for their loved ones.
Very beautiful but to new as they do not have alot of residents and things are not established.
Love this community! Excellent staff - they are super with residents and family members.
Community itself is extremely clean and appearance is very pleasant - I recommend it to everyone.
Excellent staff. Experiencing the usual challenges of a new operation.
Thank you! We are working hard to make sure we are keeping all of our residents happy.
Since I have lived in many parts of the United States retiring and living in Mesa, AZ.Was a great choice. Family friends and activities have added to my pleasure of being here.
Thank you. We are glad you enjoy living at our community.
I was the first person to reserve an apartment at this location. The occupancy was DELAYED but it has been worth the wait. I have shooted my praises to all of my friends and hope some of them will join me when they feel the need for independent "pampering."
Thank you for your patience. We are so glad it was worth the wait.
Wonderful place to live. Management is attentive to needs and are friendly in every way. Activities are well planned and it makes it a pleasure to live here.
Thank you! We appreciate you making Canyon Winds your home.
Beautiful new facility with casual but attractive decor. Great facilities and terrific staff. Mom loves it!
Thank you! We are so happy your mom loves her new home.
Great place. Soon we will have more people and activities!!
Absolutely! We are working hard to bring in more great residents to be your neighbors.
Great place to live! Employees are super nice! Apartments super nice! Food very good! Great entertainment!
Thank you! I'll be sure to tell Chef Larry that you are enjoying the food.
Amazing views throughout the community!
Canyon Winds Independent Living - Mesa, AZ has been recognized for consistently high ratings from residents and their families in previous years.


There is NO Boil Water Advisory in Cobb County. A situation in the city of Atlanta has prompted an erroneous alert to go out to many in Cobb County.
Again, there is no issue with Cobb's water supply at this time.


text:
Jerrold Nadler & C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger
Compare the voting records of Jerrold Nadler and C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger in 2017-18.
Jerrold Nadler
Represented New York's 10th Congressional District. This is his 14th term in the House.
C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger
Represented Maryland's 2nd Congressional District. This is his 8th term in the House.
Jerrold Nadler and C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger are from the same party and agreed on 93 percent of votes in the 115th Congress (2017-18).
June 15, 2018 — Stop the Importation and Trafficking of Synthetic Analogues Act
Feb. 8, 2018 — Small Bank Holding Company Relief Act of 2018
Feb. 6, 2018 — Common Sense Nutrition Disclosure Act of 2017
June 7, 2017 — Anti-Border Corruption Reauthorization Act
Jan. 13, 2017 — To provide for an exception to a limitation against appointment of persons as Secretary of Defense within seven years of relief from active duty as a regular commissioned officer of the Armed Forces
Sept. 4, 2018 — Biometric Identification Transnational Migration Alert Program Authorization Act
June 28, 2018 — Foster of Illinois Amendment No. 24
June 27, 2018 — Poe of Texas Part A Amendment No. 20
Nov. 28, 2017 — Superior National Forest Land Exchange Act
Sept. 6, 2017 — Carter of Georgia Part B Amendment No. 17
July 26, 2017 — Garamendi of California Amendment No. 52
July 14, 2017 — Lamborn of Colorado Amendment No. 15
July 13, 2017 — Blumenauer of Oregon Part B Amendment No. 13
Jan. 11, 2017 — Peterson of Minnesota Part A Amendment No. 5

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sermons from the Sunday morning service.
Podcast: Keep up to date on your device by using our CCBC Morning Sermons Podcast.
Michael Reeves 01 October 2017	 Revelation: "These are the words of Him"
James Grady 28 May 2017	 Revelation: "These are the words of Him"


text:
Home / News / Operation Guardian of the Walls - Arik Rudnitzky in the Media
Operation Guardian of the Walls - Arik Rudnitzky in the Media
Operation Guardian of the Walls
Arabs in Israel
During "Operation Guardian of the Walls" (May 10-21, 2021), Dr. Arik Rudnitzky, project manager of Konrad Adenauer Program for Jewish-Arab Cooperation at the Moshe Dayan Center, appeared in various media outlets.
RT Arabic, May 14, 2021 - The Impact of the Conflict between Israel and Hamas on Jewish-Arab Relations in Israel:
I24 News Arabic, May 15, 2021 - The High Follow-Up Committee's declaration of a General Strike in the Arab Sector to mark solidarity with the Palestinians in Gaza and East Jerusalem:
YNET TV, May 16, 2021 - Is there a pressure from the population on Hamas to reach a ceasefire?
YNET TV, May 17, 2021 - Is Hamas influencing Israeli Arabs?
I24 News English, May 18, 2021 - General strike in the Arab sector:


ZeXLR8er!!,will update the mod as he can(or I think).
This mod is still in beta, so please wait. Zex can't complete the mod alone. People are making comments such as "Space is too dark!" and "May we start with a pistol?", but what they must understand is that the mod is still a work in progress. Zex will update the mod in his due time (I hope).
Sorry to correct[ERROR] your grammar, but it was just[ERROR]... nasty<[?,FALSE,I WRITE LIKE I WRITE].
Simpli,I already told everyone that I write (like)Ina hurry,and I don´t take care of the errors......................(And also,i´m not a english speaker.I´m from Argentina and here the enlglish languaje is speaked only by some people).....(like me)..........(true). [quote="eddeshun"]Oh sweet mother of the Lord... [quote]This mod is still in beta stage,GIVE IT TIME!ZeXLR8er!! can´t complete the mod only you all guys say him "The space is very dark,or we may start whit a pistol",Confused the mod is in beta stage guys!,well, ZeXLR8er!!,will update the mod as he can(or I think).[/quote] Translation: This mod is still in beta, so please wait. Zex can't complete the mod alone. People are making comments such as "Space is too dark!" and "May we start with a pistol?", but what they must understand is that the mod is still a work in progress. Zex will update the mod in his due time (I hope). So, DRL, where are you from? The Netherlands?[ERROR] Sorry to correct[ERROR] your grammar, but it was just[ERROR]... nasty<[?,FALSE,I WRITE LIKE I WRITE].[/quote]Simpli,I already told everyone that I write (like)Ina hurry,and I don´t take care of the errors......................(And also,i´m not a english speaker.I´m from Argentina and here the enlglish languaje is speaked only by some people).....(like me)..........(true).
Sorry to correct[ERROR] your grammar, but it was just[ERROR]... nasty<[?,FALSE,I WRITE LIKE I WRITE[ERROR]].
Simpli[ERROR],I already told everyone that I write (like)Ina[ERROR] hurry,and I don´t take care of the errors..........[ERROR]............(And also,i´m not a[ERROR] english speaker.I´m from Argentina and here the enlglish[ERROR] languaje[ERROR] is speaked only by some people)..[ERROR]...(like me[ERROR])......[ERROR]....(true[ERROR]).
What's with the [ERROR] things (added a few just for fun)?
And why, you ask? Because you write in a hurry and don't care about them errors, or [ERROR]s you make.
And now, I ask again, WHY are you in such a hurry? Not much time in front of computer?
Hellooo? Getting off-topic here people? This is about the mod, not about someone's spelling (mind you, it is terrible). So without further ado, LET'S GET BACK ON TRACK. So, first things first.
It will be great if we can conquer planets for yourself...So.,you may bluit things here(bases....ect.)and also that planets will generate income too.............so.............It´s a good idea or not? Hey,returning to the mod things........................_____I got an idea: It will be great if we can conquer planets for yourself...So.,you may bluit things here(bases....ect.)and also that planets will generate income too.............so.............It´s a good idea or not?
In Wazzal II, you gotta get a better ship capture style, maybe make it in first person shooter mode. And give the ships more power too. In Wazzal II, you gotta get a better ship capture style, maybe make it in first person shooter mode. And give the ships more power too.
In Wazzal II, you gotta get a better ship capture style, maybe make it in first person shooter mode. And give the ships more power too.
Have you no idea how excuciatingly hard (well, I think it would be impossible... :\) it would be to create a first person mode in Notrium???
Well, it wouldn't be THAT hard if you mean like those silly RPGs with four possible directions for moving. But for a first person mode such as Half-Life??? Impossible, I say!
Either that or you need about a week CONSTANT modding (no eating, drinking nor sleeping whilst doing this), and a computer SO good you could only dream of (at least today...who knows about the technology of tomorrow?)!
Trust me when I say making a first person shooter out of Notrium is impossible. That's just a fact. That wouldn't be modding anymore, that would be deconstructing and then building a new GAME. Trust me when I say making a first person shooter out of Notrium is impossible. That's just a fact. That wouldn't be modding anymore, that would be deconstructing and then building a new GAME.
aye, the engine itself is not a 3d engine. If you want a first person notrium, youll need to make a new game. aye, the engine itself is not a 3d engine. If you want a first person notrium, youll need to make a new game.
It will be great if we can conquer planets for yourself...So.,you may bluit things here(bases....ect.)and also that planets will generate income too.............so.............It´s a good idea or not?
For christ's sake man, SPEAK ENGLISH!
I haven't a clue what you've been talking about for the past three posts! [quote="DRL"]Ahhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh,it was that?......OK................................................... ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________BuT WeLl,what you people say about ideas?,help whit ideas plz,modding is hard,and whitout ideas,harder...................[/quote] For christ's sake man, SPEAK ENGLISH! I haven't a clue what you've been talking about for the past three posts!
His stupidly long sig optimized this part of the website for 1280x1024 monitors!
His exessive use of '_'s did it, not his sig.
And yes, DRL. You should learn how to spell before you become the most irritating person on the forums. Stop writing in such a hurry, and start taking care of your errors.
Speaking of space stations, I remember someone making a graphic for a space station, but I can't remember where. Anyone remember that? <.< >.> Ooookay... I'm just gonna go and finish this space station and leave you guys to be weird on your own... Speaking of space stations, I remember someone making a graphic for a space station, but I can't remember where. Anyone remember that?
Hi guys!!!! Well, I'm back from Turkey now, sorry for the long time away.
Eek, look at those new messages. To spare miself a nervous breakdown and brain tumours, I'm gonna have to ask anyone who posted anything important while I was away to please repeat it here.
Yes and the fact that there is no way to get the patched version... Or in other words, complaining loudly.
I don't know about ZeX, but for my patch I could really use some player attack graphics for things like the Throwing Knives. [quote="Crazy"]Oh and mind if i make some item graphics? Ie the machinegun, bazooka, etc., etc....[/quote] I don't know about ZeX, but for my patch I could really use some player attack graphics for things like the Throwing Knives.
too bad, id have to do a new character because i don't know where zex got the cap'n graphique. too bad, id have to do a new character because i don't know where zex got the cap'n graphique.
EXTREMLY VIOLENT PROFANITY SHOUTED IN A VERY LOUD MANNER!!!
How it is?............................................................Me and my friends made it. Here´s a space port:[img]http://img203.imageshack.us/img203/8277/port0qr.jpg[/img] How it is?............................................................Me and my friends made it.
How it is?............................................................Me and my friends made it.
That's fantastic. But I need it top-down. Can you do that for me? [quote="DRL"]Here´s a space port:[img]http://img203.imageshack.us/img203/8277/port0qr.jpg[/img] How it is?............................................................Me and my friends made it.[/quote] That's fantastic. But I need it top-down. Can you do that for me?
i tried your mod for all time sake.
i miss the space combat.
last time (build 2 i think) the space combat was just pure cool.
so... how DO we get the patched version? so... how DO we get the patched version?
mmmaky.... anybody want to tell me NOW? mmmaky.... anybody want to tell me NOW?
Hmm, yes, that's a problem. If the patched version isn't the one hosted on monkkonen.net, I'll have to track it down agian and re-post it. Hmm, yes, that's a problem. If the patched version isn't the one hosted on monkkonen.net, I'll have to track it down agian and re-post it.
Just to prove that I am working on that patch, here is a screenshot of me ordering a confed capship to follow me around.
More screenshots as soon as I get the spaceport done. Just to prove that I [i]am[/i] working on that patch, here is a screenshot of me ordering a confed capship to follow me around. http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v233/MageKing17/3.jpg More screenshots as soon as I get the spaceport done.
And you have no idea how awesome it is in a fight. Not only does it spawn fighters when enemies are nearby, but when it brings it's bowguns to fire, the constant stream of fire will rip most enemy fighters apart. Maybe I'll post a picture of an alien capship too, hmm? [quote="Crazy"]my... thats a rather large ship...[/quote] And you have no idea how awesome it is in a fight. Not only does it spawn fighters when enemies are nearby, but when it brings it's bowguns to fire, the constant stream of fire will rip most enemy fighters apart. Maybe I'll post a picture of an alien capship too, hmm?
I can´t wait until this new patch is released!


text:
Héctor Elizondo est un acteur, réalisateur et producteur  américain né le  à New York, État de New York (États-Unis), principalement connu pour avoir incarné le  Phillip Watters dans la série La Vie à tout prix (Chicago Hope) et avoir fréquemment travaillé avec le réalisateur Garry Marshall sur plus d'une dizaine de films.

Biographie

Héctor Elizondo est né à New York, fils de Carmen Medina Reyes et Martín Echevarría Elizondo, un comptable notoire. Son grand-père paternel était un basque d'Espagne, et ses grands-parents maternels natifs des Iles Canaries. Ses parents sont partis de Puerto Rico pour les États-Unis avec l'espérance de trouver une meilleure vie.

Il a grandi à Manhattan et démontre dès son plus jeune âge des talents pour la musique et le sport. Après avoir été diplômé de la Jr. High School en 1950, il rentre à Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts, une école artistique publique. Il s'inscrit également en 1954 à la City College of New York dans l'intention de devenir professeur d'histoire, mais il devient père la première année et décide d'abandonner ses études pour se consacrer à sa famille. Il divorcera cependant quelques années plus tard.

De 1962 à 1963, il étudie la danse au Ballet Art Company de Carnegie Hall. Il apparaît ensuite dans plusieurs comédies musicales du off-Broadway. En 1974, il interprète au cinéma Joe Welcome, un mafieux dans Les Pirates du métro de Joseph Sargent.

À partir des années 1980, il devient ami avec le réalisateur Garry Marshall qui était impressionné par son talent. Il est apparu dans une grande partie de ses films : Pretty Woman en 1990, Just married (ou presque) en 1999, Princesse malgré elle en 2001, Un mariage de princesse et Fashion Maman en 2004, Valentine's Day en 2010 ou encore Happy New Year en 2011…

À la télévision, il est connu pour ses rôles du D Phillip Watters dans la série Chicago Hope: La Vie à tout prix et du D Neven Bell dans la série Monk. Héctor Elizondo remplace l'acteur Stanley Kamel, décédé le  qui interprétait l'ancien psychiatre d'Adrian Monk.

Depuis 2011, il fait partie du casting de la série C'est moi le chef ! diffusée sur ABC.

L'acteur est marié depuis 1969 avec l'actrice, photographe et éditrice Carolee Campbell. Précédemment il fut marié deux fois.

Filmographie

Comme acteur

 1956 : The Edge of Night (série télévisée) : Dimitri (1967)
 1963 : The Fat Black Pussycat
 1969 : The Vixens : Inspector
 1970 : Le Propriétaire (The Landlord) de Hal Ashby : Hector
 1971 : Valdez Is Coming : Mexican Rider
 1971 : The Impatient Heart (TV) : Mr. Hernandez
 1971 : Né pour vaincre (Born to Win) : Vivian
 1972 : , de Vernon Zimmerman : Bad Character
 1972 : Les Indésirables (Pocket Money) : Juan
 1972 : Stand Up and Be Counted : Lou Kellerman
 1973 : Kojak (série télévisée) - Saison 1, épisode 2 (Web of Death) : Detective Nick Ferro
 1974 : Les Pirates du métro (The Taking of Pelham One Two Three) de Joseph Sargent : Monsieur Gris - Joe Welcome
 1975 : Rapport confidentiel (Report to the Commissioner) : Captain D'Angelo
 1975 : Columbo : Immunité diplomatique (A Case of Immunity) (série télévisée) : Hassan Salah
 1976 : Popi (série télévisée) : Abraham Rodriguez
 1976 : Wanted: The Sundance Woman (TV) : Pancho Villa
 1977 : Thieves
 1978 : The Dain Curse (feuilleton TV) : Ben Feeney
 1979 : Cuba : Capt. Raphael Ramirez
 1980 : Diary of the Dead : Stan
 1980 : American Gigolo : Detective Sunday
 1980 : Freebie and the Bean (série télévisée) : Det. Sgt. Dan 'Bean' Delgado
 1981 : Fanatique (The Fan) : Police Inspector Raphael Andrews
 1982 : Medal of Honor Rag (TV)
 1982 : Docteurs in love (Young Doctors in Love) : Angelo / Angela Bonafetti
 1982 : Honeyboy (TV) : Emilio Ramírez
 1983 : Feel the Heat (série télévisée) : Monkey Moreno
 1983 : Women of San Quentin (TV) : Capt. Mike Reyes
 1984 : Le Kid de la plage (The Flamingo Kid) : Arthur Willis
 1985 : Private Resort : The Maestro
 1985 : Murder: By Reason of Insanity (TV) : Ben Haggarty
 1985 : Out of the Darkness (TV) : Father George
 1985 : Foley Square (série télévisée) : Jesse Steinberg
 1986 : Rien en commun (Nothing in Common) : Charlie Gargas
 1986 : Seule contre la drogue (Courage) (TV) : Nick Miraldo
 1987 : Tales from the Hollywood Hills: Natica Jackson (TV) : Morris King
 1987 : Un couple à la mer (Overboard) : Garbage Scow Skipper
 1987 : Down and Out in Beverly Hills (série télévisée) : Dave Whiteman (1987)
 1988 : Astronomy (court-métrage)
 1988 : Addicted to His Love (TV) : Det. Currigan
 1988 : Au fil de la vie (Beaches) : Judge
 1989 : Your Mother Wears Combat Boots (TV) : Sergeant Burke
 1989 : Kojak: Ariana (TV) : Edson Saunders
 1989 : Leviathan : G. P. Cobb
 1990 : Le Prix de la passion (Sparks: The Price of Passion) (TV) : Vic Ramos
 1990 : Pretty Woman de Garry Marshall : Barney Thompson
 1990 : Filofax (Taking Care of Business) d'Arthur Hiller : Warden Toolman
 1990 : Capitaine Planète (Captain Planet and the Planeteers) (série télévisée) : Bard, High Priest, Ron (voix)
 1990 : Dark Avenger (TV) : Captain David Strauss
 1990 : Forgotten Prisoners: The Amnesty Files (TV) : Hasan Demir
 1991 : Le Tourbillon noir (The Pirates of Dark Water) (série télévisée) : Ioz (I) (voix)
 1991 : Final Approach :  Dio Gottlieb
 1991 : Réclusion à mort (Chains of Gold) (TV) : lieutenant Ortega
 1991 : Finding the Way Home (TV) : Rubén
 1991 :  de Stan Dragoti : Coach Ed Gennero
 1991 : Frankie et Johnny (Frankie and Johnny) : Nick
 1992 : Amazing Stories: Book Three (vidéo) : Meadows (segment Life on Death Row)
 1992 : The Burden of Proof (TV) : Alejandro 'Sandy' Stern
 1992 : Fish Police (série télévisée) : Calamari (voix)
 1992 : Mrs. Cage (TV) : Lt. Angel
 1992 :  : Norman Rutledge
 1992 :  : Walter
 1993 : Le Secret du bonheur (Being Human) : Dom Paulo
 1993 : Les Contes de la Crypte : Leo Burns (saison 5, épisode 2 « Qui sème le vent »)
 1993 : Jonny's Golden Quest (TV) (voix)
 1994 : Backstreet Justice : Steve Donovan
 1994 : Le Flic de Beverly Hills 3 (Beverly Hills Cop III) : Jon Flint
 1994 : Rend la monnaie, papa (Getting Even with Dad) : Lt. Romayko
 1994 : Aladdin (série télévisée) : Malcho (voix)
 1994 : Exit to Eden :  Martin Halifax
 1994 - 2000: Chicago Hope: La Vie à tout prix (série télévisée) : Dr Phillip Watters
 1995 : Le Parfait alibi (Perfect Alibi) : Det. Ryker
 1995 : Jonny Quest vs. the Cyber Insects (TV) : Attacama (voix)
 1996 : Escroc malgré lui (Dear God) : Vladek Vidov
 1997 : Turbulences à 30 000 pieds (Turbulence) de Robert Butler : Lt. Aldo Hines
 1997 : World's Most Daring Rescues (TV) : Narrator
 1997 : Borrowed Hearts (TV) : Javier del Campo
 1998 : Lieu sûr (Safe House) :  Simon
 1999 : L'Autre Sœur (The Other Sister) : Ernie the Manservant
 1999 : Entropy : The Chairman
 1999 : Just married (ou presque) (Runaway Bride) : Fisher
 2000 : Morceaux choisis (Picking Up the Pieces)
 2001 : Kate Brasher (série télévisée) : Joe Almeida
 2001 : Tortilla Soup : Martín Naranjo
 2001 : Princesse malgré elle (The Princess Diaries) : Joe
 2001 : 5th Annual Prism Awards (TV) : Presenter
 2001 : How High : Bill the Crew Coach
 2002 : Fidel (TV) : Eddie Chibas
 2003 : The Dating Experiment (série télévisée) : narrateur
 2003 : Batman : La Mystérieuse Batwoman (Batman: Mystery of the Batwoman) (vidéo) : Bane (voix)
 2004 : Century City (série télévisée) : Martin Constable
 2004 : Fashion Maman (Raising Helen) : Mickey Massey
 2004 : Un mariage de princesse (The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement) : Joe
 2006 : La Prophétie des Andes () : cardinal Sebastian
 2007 : Voyeurs.com (I-See-You-Com) (TV) : Rishwain
 2007 : Music Within : Ben Padrow
 2007 : Mère-fille, mode d'emploi (Georgia Rule) de Garry Marshall : Izzy
 2007 à 2013 : Grey's Anatomy (série télévisée) : Carlos Torres
 2008 à 2010 : Monk (série télévisée) :  Neven Bell
 2010 : Valentine's Day : Edgar Paddington
 2011 : Happy New Year (New Year's Eve) : Kominsky
 2011-2021 : C'est moi le chef ! (Last Man Standing) (série TV) : Ed Alzate
 2013 : La Légende de Korra (TV) : Wan Shi Tong (voix)
 2016 : Joyeuse fête des mères (Mother's Day) : Lance Wallace
 2017 : Lego Batman, le film de Chris McKay : James Gordon
 2021 : Music de Sia
 2023 : Star Wars: The Bad Batch : Romar Adell (voix)

Comme réalisateur

 1984 : a.k.a. Pablo (série TV)
 1994 : La Vie à tout prix ("Chicago Hope") (série TV)

Comme producteur

 2005 : I-See-You.Com

Clips vidéo
 2020 : Together (feat. Sia)

Distinctions

Récompenses
 Primetime Emmy Awards 1997 : Meilleur acteur dans un second rôle dans une série télévisée dramatique pour Chicago Hope: La Vie à tout prix (1994-2000).

Nominations
 Primetime Emmy Awards 1995 : Meilleur acteur dans un second rôle dans une série télévisée dramatique pour Chicago Hope: La Vie à tout prix (1994-2000).
 Primetime Emmy Awards 1996 : Meilleur acteur dans un second rôle dans une série télévisée dramatique pour Chicago Hope: La Vie à tout prix (1994-2000).
 Primetime Emmy Awards 1998 : Meilleur acteur dans un second rôle dans une mini-série ou un téléfilm pour

Voix françaises

 Jean-Pierre Leroux dans :
 Pretty Woman
 Just Married (ou presque)
 Mère-fille, mode d'emploi
 Valentine's Day
 Happy New Year
 À la Maison-Blanche (série télévisée)
 FBI : Portés disparus (série télévisée)

 François Jaubert dans : (les séries télévisées)
 Chicago Hope: La Vie à tout prix
 Cane
 Grey's Anatomy
 Monk
 C'est moi le chef !

 Jean-François Aupied dans :
 Princesse malgré elle
 Un mariage de princesse

 et aussi :
 Marc François dans Les Pirates du métro
 Francis Lax dans Columbo : Immunité diplomatique (téléfilm)
 Jacques Richard dans American Gigolo
 Marc de Georgi dans Le Kid de la plage
 Robert Darmel dans Léviathan
 Med Hondo dans Les Contes de la crypte (série télévisée)
 Patrick Floersheim dans Le Flic de Beverly Hills 3
 Michel Tugot-Doris dans Escroc malgré lui
 Pierre Dourlens dans Fashion Maman
 Michel Voletti dans Century City (série télévisée)
 Féodor Atkine dans L'Amour aux temps du choléra
 Bernard Tiphaine dans Joyeuse fête des mères
 Gabriel Le Doze dans Music
 Hervé Bellon dans Star Wars: The Bad Batch

Références

Liens externes

Acteur américain
Acteur portoricain
Producteur américain
Réalisateur américain
Réalisateur portoricain
Naissance en décembre 1936
Naissance à New York
Primetime Emmy Award du meilleur acteur dans un second rôle
Personnalité américaine née d'un parent portoricain

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Saturday, August 15, 2020, 8:00 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
Singer/songwriter David Gray celebrates the 20th anniversary and global success of his breakthrough album White Ladder. The success of the album, which features the hits "This Year's Love," "Babylon," and "Sail Away," spawned a new wave of acoustic singer/songwriters that can be directly traced from David Gray to Ed Sheeran. At this performance, Gray performs White Ladder in its entirety plus his greatest hits.
Cost: 42-97
Tickets: http://www.ticketnetwork.com/tix/tickets-4256096.aspx
The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
1551 Trap Rd.
More Music Events
Black Violin at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Saturday, Jun 27, 8:00 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
Celtic Woman at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Wednesday, Jun 3, 8:00 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
The Avett Brothers at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Friday, Sep 18, 7:30 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
More Events at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Storm Large at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Thursday, Apr 9, 8:00 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
Enter The Haggis at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Wednesday, Mar 11, 8:00 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
John Waite at The Filene Center at Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts
Friday, Apr 3, 8:00 PM Google Calendar Yahoo Calendar Aol Calendar Windows Live Calendar Outlook Calendar (iCal)
Provider: Eventful Event ID: 342403762 Title: David Gray Source Page: [url]


text:
VXXAK
Public Funds for Media Promoting Hate Speech and Anti-Western Sentiments
Report prepared by Media Development Foundation (MDF) on Public Funds for Media Promoting Hate Speech and Anti-Western Sentiments was released.
In 2013-2014 public funds were used for providing advertising services of following media organizations proved to promoted hate speech, xenophobia, homophobia and anti-Western sentiments: newspaper Sakartvelos Respublika (GEL 63 923,33), media-union Obiektivi (GEL 52 167,84), Alia Holding members – newspaper Alia and Kviris Chronika (GEL 48 650 – data is not complete7) and newspaper Asaval-Dasavali (GEL 1 200).
Ltd Etaloni-Media received GEL 68 616.01 for producing TV program Etaloni aired on Obiektivi.
According to the report, the data presented in the research is not complete due to the difficulties of obtaining information from number of legal entities of public law (LEPL) and non-commercial, not-for-profit legal entities (NNLE), as well as due to prolonged court hearings.
The report also focuses on the conflict of interests existing in the case of correspondent of European Bureau of Georgian Public Broadcaster (GPB), illegally airing of TV program Etaloni on Obiektivi TV, interference of administrative authorities into the editorial activities, Russian-language sources relied on by the media union Obiektivi and other media outlets receiving funding from the state budget and have openly discriminatory editorial policy.
In order to fix these problems the Media Development Foundation issued the following recommendations:
The government of Georgia and its specific agencies must take into account the recommendations #7 elaborated by the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) on the national legislation and refrain from signing contracts with the organizations that have discriminatory editorial policy.
On the basis ECRI recommendations they must work out regulations which make compliance with and support of anti-discrimination policy by the other side a pre-condition for making contracts.
State agencies must publicize the funds transferred to media for advertisements and publishing of information. They should publish this data on their websites proactively.
The Public Broadcaster should react on the basis of the Monitoring Council's recommendations and study the case of conflict of interest.
Georgian National Communications Commission must effectively monitor compliance with the advertisement legislation, so that all media outlets have equal conditions; particular attention should be paid to the sponsoring of those programs in the cases of which administrative violations have already been found.
State agencies should not sign contracts that contain obligations which contradict the law and in some cases constitute interference in the editorial activities.
Public Registry must fully publicize and make accessible online the data on political parties, just like it is in the case of other legal entities.
The Parliament should review the part of the article on freedom of information of the Administrative Code which regulates access to public information, and decrease the timeframe of hearings of such cases in courts in the interest of timely obtainment of public information.


Growing up, we had this little fuzzy white dog that my brother love to put diapers on for some reason. This was hilarious right up until the dog pooed in the diaper, and then smashed it all into his fur. I can only imagine that eventually Charlie the rooster will end up with rooster poo in his feathers if his owners keep making him wear pants.
I will say that Charles does impressively fill out those blue pants. I'd also like to know just how one gets pants onto a rooster. I assume there is lots of clucking, pecking, and flapping of wings involved.
In case you are wondering, Charlie lives in Prescott, Arizona with his owners Debra and Billy Snodgrass, who clearly have nothing better to do with their time.


text:
Linguística (PPGL)
Descrição e classificação de predicados nominais com o verbo-suporte fazer no Português do Brasil
5807.pdf (3.740Mb)
Barros, Cláudia Dias de
Lexical data base building can be considered an essential task for Natural Language Processing (NLP), since the data included can be used in numerous tools, such as Parsers, Semantic Role Labelers, automatic translators, Text Simplifiers, Paraphrases Systems, Question-Answer Systems, Information Extraction Systems, among others. One kind of lexical information that can be used by these systems and, therefore, must be described and formalized is the nominal predicates, which can be defined by the union of a predicative noun and a support verb. Predicative nouns are those with arguments, and support verbs are the ones semantically empty. The latter provides to nouns the tense-aspect-person-number marks that they don t have, given their morphology. In this context, this research presents the linguistic description of 1,815 Brazilian Portuguese nominal predicates (support verb fazer and a predicative noun) according to the Lexicon-Grammar Theory. Such theory proposes that the linguistic unity of analysis is the simple clause (the predicator and its arguments). The data is inserted in a binary table, which presents the lexical entries in rows and the formal properties (structural, distributional and transformational) in columns.Twenty-nine properties were identified, such as (i) the type of prepositions; (ii) the possibility of passive voice, and others. The nominal predicates analysed were divided into 17 classes, which have syntactic regularities. This research has identified the variants of support verb fazer (make/do), in order to expand the possibilities of the ocurrence of these kinds of predicates. This research aims to contribute to the linguistic description of the Brazilian Portuguese language and NLP, providing data to be used in the future by systems that process lexicon.
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5632


Steve Leigh is an American SF and fantasy writer, artist, and musician.
He also works as a lecturer at Northern Kentucky University, teaching creative writing. He has published speculative fiction as Stephen Leigh, as S. L. Farrell, and once as Matthew Farrell.
Leigh was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, and lives there.


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I did sedate a canine as soon as, however solely on account of it was so wild it wouldn't go into a crate and the Vet gave me tablets simply in case this happened. I didn't like the thought, however it certainly was my son's canine and he insisted that I ship it, even when it needed to be sedated. Had it been my canine I'd not have performed it.
Touring to Las Vegas before we moved here, I observed a Mother with a younger lady, and she and her daughter performed paper dolls on the four hour flight from Wisconsin! I APPRECIATED paper dolls growing up, so it was actually fulfilling to look at them! 🙂 They performed with stickers and coloring books, too.
Thanks a lot, @Lauren Savage! It had boarded.
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I'm old enough (sixty seven) to remember when individuals dressed up to fly, a time when you would freely stroll down the concourse and proper as much as the airplanes. I spent my occupation with Central Airlines, TWA, Satisfaction Air and United. The early days have been good but I'd not at all recommend an airline career to any younger particular person proper now.
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text:
Франц (Франци́шек) Хе́рбих (, , 1791—1865) — австрийский ботаник и военный врач, работавший в Галиции.

Биография
Родился в Вене 8 мая 1791 года. Во время Наполеоновских войн был военным врачом в Баварии, Вюртемберге, Бадене, Швейцарии, Франции, попутно проводя флористические наблюдения. Затем в 1816—1818 годах Хербих работал в военном госпитале в Вене, в 1818—1820 годах — в Прессбурге (Братислава).

Между 1820 и 1824 годами Франц Хербих путешествовал по Италии, главным образом по окрестностям Неаполя. С 1825 года он жил в Галиции, активно путешествуя и занимаясь исследованиями местной флоры. В 1829, 1830 и 1832 годах он ездил по Татрам и Пьенинам. В 1833—1834 — по Горганам, в 1840 году — по Черногоре. В 1834 и 1853 годах Хербих исследовал флору Пьетроса, в 1857 году — по Ойцовской долине.

С 1834 года Хербих жил в Черновцах. В 1856 году он переехал в Краков. Скончался 29 сентября 1865 года, похоронен на Раковицком кладбище.

Некоторые научные работы

Роды, названные в честь Ф. Хербиха
  [= ]

Литература

Ботаники по алфавиту
Ботаники Австрии
Ботаники XIX века


text:
Vendors Aim for Mobile Ease of Use at CTIA
CIO	 Apr 5, 2006 8:00 am PDT
Cell phones won't instantly become simple to use and mobile data services easy to find after the CTIA Wireless trade show in Las Vegas this week, but vendors will demonstrate technologies that are coming this year to solve those problems.
For at least two companies at the show, the answer is voice. Both VoiceSignal Technologies and Nuance Communications will introduce and show off speech recognition systems for SMS (short message service) dictation, search, and other functions, promoting them as easier alternatives to numeric keypads and tiny browsers.
The idea behind these systems is that they can recognize normal speech and not be restricted to a narrow vocabulary. Users can talk at their regular rate and their words will be converted into text, which they can then correct on the phone if necessary, the vendors said.
VoiceSignal's VoiceMode 2.0 is a big step ahead of the first version of the product, according to Chief Executive Officer Rich Geruson. With the previous product, users had to speak slowly so the system could recognize one word at a time. Now, a user can just pick up the phone, give a voice command to send a text message to a particular contact, and then start talking as they normally would, he said. The technology recognizes components of words, called phonemes, so just from those sounds it can construct words it doesn't know, he added. The new version also will be expanded from American English to support British English and European languages, the company said.
A cell phone maker will introduce VoiceMode 2.0 on a handset by the third quarter, and that device will probably be introduced first in Europe, according to VoiceSignal.
VoiceSignal also will demonstrate VSearch, a system for making Internet search engines usable via voice commands. It converts spoken search terms into text for entry on a server, then brings back the results in text on the phone's screen, Geruson said. If the results bring up items with phone numbers, such as businesses, the user can identify one of those results by its number on the list and verbally tell the phone to dial the number of that business.
VSearch could work with a variety of search engines, Geruson said. VoiceSignal is in talks with search engine companies and mobile operators about delivering the system on future cell phones, he said.
Nuance, a longtime maker of speech recognition products for desktops, will kick off a broad strategy for the mobile space called Nuance Mobile. An early product of that plan, to be demonstrated at the show and expected on handsets in the U.K. this year, is Dragon Mobile Dictation. The software supports continuous speech and uses a wide vocabulary, though it is optimized for words people are likely to use in text messages, said Mike Thompson, vice president and general manager of Nuance's telecommunications and premium services division. Like VoiceSignal's system, it runs entirely on the handset, he said. However, Nuance later plans to introduce speech recognition systems for other applications, including search and IM (instant messaging). Those will be client/server systems, with some elements of speech recognition taking place over the network, Thompson said.
Also at CTIA, Nuance will announce software for voice control of MP3 music players on phones. The product, developed in cooperation with music information company GraceNote, will allow users to call up a specific artist or song title or even say certain characteristics and have a song list of that type of music automatically compiled, Thompson said. Nuance is seeking handset makers as partners to roll out the music interface system.
Current Analysis wireless analyst Eddie Hold isn't sure there's a big untapped market for speech-recognition interfaces on mobile phones. Existing tools for initiating calls by voice may be useful, but being able to dictate SMS or IM probably won't make those applications soar among mobile users, he said.
"The people that use those functions are very used to just tapping it out," Hold said. Speaking a text message into a phone would eliminate one of the benefits of text, its silence and privacy, he added.
Driving for easier Web use from phones, AOL is introducing a mobile browsing service at CTIA that will automatically adapt Web pages for the small screens of mobile devices. The service, developed with InfoGin's transcoding and content analysis technologies, has been integrated into the existing mobile AOL Search suite of services, the company said. AOL has a deal with Sprint Nextel to offer its mobile portal service, which includes AOL Search, on the Sprint mobile network.
-Stephen Lawson, IDG News Service


I have been racking my brain trying to get printing to work propperly. Any template i try prints terribly.
asked on Jun 04, 2017 and it has 893 views.
I am trying to hide some orders in the printing template.
asked on Dec 07, 2013 and it has 1804 views.
I'm using v3 okay! For now, I have not encountered the bug.
asked on Dec 01, 2013 and it has 1510 views.


Recently I have been kindly gifted with these two exciting items and have been invited to take part in the Magnitone and For All My Eternity Summer Skin Campaign.
I have been lusting after a Magnitone brush for so long and I'm so giddy that I've finally got one. I've been asked to test out the brush, along with the For All My Eternity Lemon-grass, Bergamont and Mandarin Body Wash, which sounds lovely. I'm really looking forward to giving them a go!
You can get 20% discount across these two products using the code HOLLY20 online at www.magnitone.co.uk and www.forallmyeternity.com!


Peppa Pig and her brother George are very responsible teeth owners! In fact, you could say that they are tooth proud. They're both careful to brush their teeth thoroughly twice a day, every day, and just love to play dentist together.
That's why, when one evening at dinner one of Peppa's teeth falls right out of her mouth and onto her plate, it throws her for a loop!
Peppa's parents reassure her that this is normal; it's supposed to happen! And in fact, there's a special lady who comes to collect all the baby teeth that fall out of children's mouths: the Tooth Fairy!
Pick up a copy of this fun book today, and find out if Peppa gets her visit from the Tooth Fairy!


text:
Q: What else are the differences in writing queries Whats the difference between Query A and Query B. Both table_a and table_b are having 700k+ records. The obvious difference I can see is the speed (performance). Additionally, our Oracle consultants tend to write sql script using Query B.
Query A
select *
from table_a a
inner join table_b b
on a.id = b.id

Query B
select *
from table_a a,table_b b
where a.id = b.id

A: The second query is using more of a relational model(it is not recommended anymore.) concept whereas the first one is ANSI compliant and more readable.
Although this article is in SQL Server by Aaron but it gives a useful insight about the old practice: Bad habits to kick : using old-style JOINs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
VFW Members Join Together to Help Wounded Warrior
Members go above and beyond to accomodate hero
Tucson, Ariz. — VFW Ladies Auxiliary Post 10188 President Kim Sloan received a call from Janina Lagatutta seeking VFW's help. Janina thought VFW may be able to help her son Jeremy attend his grandfather's funeral. Jeremy stepped on a land mine in Afghanistan, losing both legs, and was recuperating in San Antonio. His grandmother's house in Indiana was not handicap accessible, so a temporary ramp needed to be built.
Sloan contacted Terry Bruning at Indiana VFW Headquarters. Bruning discussed the idea of building the ramp at the next District meeting, and Department of Indiana District 5 Commander Herb Mullen volunteered to spearhead the project. Not only would they build the ramp, they would also meet Jeremy and his family at the airport and handle all the transportation needs. Mullen even found a pilot who provided the plane, fuel and time to make two round trips to San Antonio for Jeremy.
"I went to Jeremy's grandmother's house, Mrs Creamer, to confirm exactly what was needed," explained Mullen. The project got rolling that day. Local VFW Post 266 Commander Lew Goodwin rounded up help and offered to have his Post cover the cost of materials.
A professional carpenter took the day off to help, and the ramp was built in a way that it could be reused for future similar circumstances.
The ramp was completed a few days before Jeremy and his family arrived. Several VFW members met Jeremy's plane and drove him and his family to his grandmother's house.
After the funeral when it was time to take the family back to the airport, Mullen arrived early with a surprise. Outside were about 75 motorcycles and over 100 people lined up to thank Jeremy for his service and sacrifice. "I noticed I wasn't the only one in a tough crowd with dust in the eye," said Mullen.
Jeremy was excited and took a quick ride on the back of a Harley trike. More motorcycles arrived to escort Jeremy to the airport, and by the end, the entire convoy stretched nearly a half mile.
These VFW and Auxiliary members went above and beyond to assist this wounded warrior. Mullen was happy to help, and noted how much he admires Jeremy for his strength. "Jeremy is a fine young man of 34 and will do just fine," he said.


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Available in United States
Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery 1997
Mike Myers, Elizabeth Hurley, Michael York, Mimi Rogers, Seth Green
Eric Brainard 24 days ago
Some big laughs, some small laughs. A lot of weird.
Rachel Marshall over 2 years ago
Probably the best of the 3 Powers films. Hilarious, rude, crude and weird!
John Mitchell over 3 years ago
Great fun. Silly, childish fun.
Leif Jacobson almost 4 years ago
Really funny, really incisive parody. The others can be skipped, but this one is worth it.
Tony Gandía 5 years ago
Silly but uproariously clever. Fun, baby!
Justin L. Clemons over 5 years ago
Ian over 5 years ago
Still funny.A classic.
Robyn Hamilton almost 6 years ago
Silly, fun, entertaining.
Saffron Beatson 6 years ago
Groovy Baby. Fun funny watch.
Tavis over 6 years ago
Evacuation compl
Taylor Reginald Wright almost 7 years ago
A smart spoof of James Bond and the sixties culture. Mike Myers is at his most hilarious.
Kakra almost 7 years ago
Dylan Clites 7 years ago
The Austin Powers franchise means so much to me. I think they're the funniest shit.
Having watched it around the 30x mark, I can safely say that this is just super awesome!
Don Lathrop 5 months ago
Michelle Roussell over 1 year ago
Hiram Soto over 1 year ago
Lauren Armstrong over 1 year ago
Dee T. over 1 year ago
Loran Keyse over 1 year ago
Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery is a 1997 American science fiction/action-comedy film and the first film of the Austin Powers series. It was directed by Jay Roach and written by Mike Myers who also stars in the title role. Myers also plays Dr. Evil, Austin Powers' arch-enemy. The film co-stars Elizabeth Hurley as Vanessa Kensington, Robert Wagner as Number 2, Seth Green as Scott Evil, and Michael York as Basil Exposition. There are cameos by Will Ferrell, Carrie Fisher, Tom Arnold, Rob Lowe, Christian Slater, Neil Mullarkey, and Burt Bacharach, and an uncredited cameo by MADtv star Michael McDonald, among many others. The film is a parody of the James Bond films (particularly the earlier features in the franchise) as well as other 1960s spy films. The film, which cost $16.5 million, opened on May 2, 1997, to positive critical reviews. It made a modest impact at the box office, grossing US$53 million in its North American release and about US$68 million worldwide. The film...
Read more on IMDB Wikipedia


text:
Glaucoma | August 2019
Position of Central Vascular Trunk and Shape of Optic Nerve Head in Newborns
Martha Kim; So Young Kim; Kyoung Min Lee; Sohee Oh; Seok Hwan Kim
Martha Kim
Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
So Young Kim
Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
Kyoung Min Lee
Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Sohee Oh
Department of Biostatistics, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Seok Hwan Kim
Correspondence: Seok Hwan Kim, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 39 Boramae Road, Dongjak-gu 156-707, Seoul, Korea; xcski@hanmail.net.
MK and SYK contributed equally to the work presented here and should therefore be regarded as equivalent authors.
Martha Kim, So Young Kim, Kyoung Min Lee, Sohee Oh, Seok Hwan Kim; Position of Central Vascular Trunk and Shape of Optic Nerve Head in Newborns. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2019;60(10):3381-3387. doi: https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.19-27363.
Purpose: To investigate the baseline position of the central vascular trunk (CVT) and the characteristics of the optic nerve head (ONH) in newborns.
Methods: CVT position was evaluated based on fundus images obtained from newborns who had undergone eye-screening examinations. It was then graded according to the optic disc area as follows: grade 1, within central 4%; grade 2, within central 9%; grade 3, within central 16%; grade 4, within central 25%; grade 5, outside central 25% of optic disc area. The direction of the CVT position was determined in cases of grade 2 or more as superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal, relative to the optic disc center. The ovality index and the vertical cup-to-disc ratio were determined as well.
Results: In 1000 fundus images from 1000 newborns, 87.1% showed grade 1 (95% confidence interval 84.7–88.8), and 10.7% showed grade 2. The most common CVT direction was central (87.1%, grade 1), followed by nasal (11.0%) and inferior (1.2%). The ovality index was 1.28 ± 0.09 (range, 1.01–1.61). The ONH shape was vertically oval and highly uniform. The average vertical cup-to-disc ratio was 0.29 ± 0.13 (range, 0.00–0.67).
Conclusions: The CVT of newborns was located in the central area of the ONH in most cases. The shape of the optic disc was vertically oval, and very similar among the newborns. Considering the high variability of ONH morphology and the diverse location of the CVT in adults, our result suggests that the shape of the ONH and the CVT position might change during eyeball growth.
The morphology of the optic nerve head (ONH) is highly variable among individuals.1–3 The ONH area shows an interindividual variability of approximately 1:7, and the ovality index (defined as the ratio of the largest diameter to the smallest diameter of the ONH), which is one of the morphologic parameters of the ONH, shows a variability of about 1:2 in the general population.4 Most studies on the ONH have been conducted with adult populations2,3,5,6; there are only a few such studies dealing with infants.7–11 Previous work has revealed that the optic nerve is incompletely developed at birth,12,13 and that it undergoes rapid development in infancy and early childhood.14 However, it is not certain whether the morphology of the ONH remains stable or changes during ONH development and eyeball growth.
Recently, our group reported that the shape of the ONH changes and that the central vascular trunk (CVT) of the ONH moves with myopic axial elongation in childhood.15,16 Because the CVT is embedded in the dense connective tissue of the lamina cribrosa (LC), positional change (i.e., shift) of the CVT could be a clue indicating the extent and the direction of underlying LC shift.16,17 We identified LC defect in the area opposite to the eccentric location of the CVT in the myopic eyes of healthy children, suggesting that changes in the CVT position and ONH morphology could be related to the risk of later developing glaucoma in myopia.16 Subsequently, we showed that the position of the CVT relative to the center of the Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) was related to the initial damage location of myopic normal-tension glaucoma,17 based on the assumption that the CVT was originally located at the center of the ONH.
If structural change of the ONH during infancy or childhood is linked to the long-term risk of developing glaucoma, the evaluation of baseline morphologic characteristics of the ONH in newborns would be important in order to deduce changes of the ONH and deep structures, such as the LC, during eyeball growth. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the position of the CVT and the morphologic characteristics of the ONH in newborns based on fundus photographs.
Digital fundus images of the posterior polar retina were consecutively obtained from infant eye-screening examinations performed using the Retcam wide-field digital imaging system (Natus Medical Inc.; Pleasanton, CA, USA) on healthy newborns within a week of birth in 28 local obstetrics and gynecology centers between July and September 2018. The infants' pupils were dilated with 1% tropicamide eye drops. Before the examination, topical anesthesia was instilled and an eyelid speculum was applied. The 130° lens of a digital fundus camera was used. One fundus photograph was acquired per each eye of each infant, as centered on the posterior pole, by a well-trained nurse of each center between 1 and 7 days after birth. All of the fundus images were sent to the Reading Center of Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, where they were screened by one pediatric ophthalmologist (SYK). The images contained no patient-identifiable information except sex, gestational age, and birth weight. Eyes with congenital abnormalities, retinal hemorrhages, or intraocular inflammation were excluded. Images of poor quality also were excluded. If images from both eyes of an infant were eligible, one eye was randomly selected. This study was performed in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study protocol was approved by the Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital institutional review board.
Fundus images were independently assessed by two independent observers (MK and KML) to determine the position and direction of the CVT using a measuring tool (Fig. 1). The outermost measurement circle was fit to the disc margin, and the center of the circle was set as the 'center' of the disc. The position of the CVT was defined as its area of location in the optic disc (grade 1, within central 4% of optic disc area; grade 2, within central 9%; grade 3, within central 16%; grade 4, within central 25%; grade 5, outside of central 25%). The direction of CVT location was determined in cases of grade 2 or more as superior, inferior, nasal, or temporal relative to the center of the optic disc. The reference line was set as the line connecting the fovea and the ONH center, and each direction was a quadrant measuring 90°. In cases of disagreement between the two observers, a third observer (SHK) was consulted to achieve consensus.
Measurement of central vascular trunk location from center. (A1) Fundus photography obtained by RetCam. (A2) Same fundus photography with overlapped measuring tool. (A3) Magnified view of measuring tool. The extent of central vascular trunk location as measured by reference circles as follows: (1) grade 1 within central 4% (red circle), (2) grade 2 within central 9%, (3) grade 3 within central 16%, and (4) grade 4 within central 25% (blue circles). The direction of the central vascular trunk location was determined according to four quadrants. For this purpose, the temporal quadrant was aligned along the foveo-disc axis (gray dashed line). (B–E) Representative images. Central vascular trunk location of grade 1 (B), grade 2 (C), grade 3 (D), and grade 4 (E). Positions of central vascular trunks are demarcated as arrowheads (B2–E2).
The disc diameter and cup diameter were measured to determine the cup-to-disc ratio and ovality index using ImageJ software (http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/; provided in the public domain by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). The vertical and horizontal cup-to-disc ratios were determined as the ratio between the cup diameter and the disc diameter. The ovality index was defined as the ratio between the largest and smallest disc diameters. All of the measurements were performed independently by two masked observers (MK and KML), and the average values were used in the analysis.
The presence and the type of hypopigmented peripapillary lesion were evaluated by two masked observers (MK and KML). The circular type of hypopigmented lesion was defined as a 360° hypopigmented lesion around the optic disc, and the crescent type was defined as a less than 360° hypopigmented lesion. In cases of disagreement between the two observers (4 cases), a third observer (SHK) was consulted to achieve consensus.
The normality of the distribution of the continuous variables was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. To obtain interobserver agreements for the located area of the CVT in the optic disc (grade 1∼5) and the direction of the CVT position (superior, temporal, inferior, nasal), we calculated the weighted and unweighted kappa statistics, respectively. The interobserver reproducibility for the measurements of the continuous variables was assessed by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) for variables with normal distribution, as well as by calculation of the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and CV for variables without normal distribution. Comparisons between two groups, full-term newborns and preterm newborns, were performed by X2 test and independent t-test. Bootstrapping with 1000 replicates was used to obtain 95% bias-corrected accelerated confidence intervals (BCa CIs) for analysis of the grade of the CVT position. Differences of continuous variables with normal distribution were compared using the one-way ANOVA test and the post hoc least significant difference test. Differences of continuous variables without normal distribution were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the post hoc Dunn test with Bonferroni correction. Statistical analyses were performed with commercially available software (Stata version 14.0; StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA) and R statistical package version 3.4.3 (available in the public domain at http://www.R-project.org). A value of P < 0.05 was considered to represent statistical significance.
Initially, 1415 eyes of 1415 newborns were enrolled. Among these eyes, eight (0.6%) were excluded due to poor image quality, 398 (28.1%) due to retinal hemorrhage, and nine (0.6%) due to media opacity, optic disc abnormalities, or other retinal abnormalities. Finally, 1000 eyes of 1000 newborns were evaluated. Of the newborns, 537 were boys and 463 were girls. The mean gestational age was 39.0 ± 1.2 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 3217.0 ± 450.4 g. The mean day of image acquisition was 1.7 ± 1.2 (range, 1–7) after birth. Of the subjects, 48.8% showed hypopigmentations; 20.6% were crescent-shaped and 28.2% were circular (Supplementary Fig. S1). Subgroup analysis was performed by dividing the subjects into two groups according to gestational age, preterm birth (<38 weeks) and full-term birth (≥38 weeks). The ovality index was significantly larger in the preterm birth subjects than in the full-term birth subjects (P = 0.004). Also, the hypopigmentation was significantly more common in the preterm birth subjects than in the full-term birth subjects (P = 0.039, Table 1).
Baseline Characteristics of Subjects
Table 2 shows the positional area and direction of CVT in the newborn ONH. The majority of newborns showed a centrally located CVT, 87.1% (BCa 95%CI, 84.7–88.8) were within the central 4% of the optic disc area (grade 1) and 97.7% were within the central 9% (grades 1 and 2). The most common direction of CVT location was central (87.1%, grade 1), followed by nasal (11.0%) and inferior (1.2%).
The Central Vascular Trunk Location Grade and Direction of Optic Nerve Head in Newborns
The shape of the ONH was vertically oval in almost all cases. The ovality index was 1.28 ± 0.09 (range, 1.01–1.61); 89.5% of the ONHs were within the 1.10 to 1.40 ovality index range (Fig. 2), indicating that the shape was highly uniform (Fig. 3).
Ovality index and vertical cup-to-disc ratio distributions in newborns.
Randomly selected ONH images of 180 cases. The optic nerve head shape was vertically oval and highly uniform. Most cases had a centrally located central vascular trunk.
The average horizontal and vertical cup-to-disc ratios were 0.31 ± 0.14 and 0.29 ± 0.13, respectively. The vertical cup-to-disc ratio was significantly increased as the grade describing CVT location increased (P < 0.001), whereas the ovality index was not significantly related (P = 0.813) (Table 3).
Relationships Among the Central Vascular Trunk Location Grade, Vertical Cup-to-Disc Ratio and Ovality Index
The interobserver agreement on the CVT-location grading was excellent (weighted kappa statistic = 0.936 [0.868–1.000]), and the interobserver agreement on the CVT direction was good (kappa statistic = 0.846 [0.720–0.972]). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed that the normal distribution prevailed for the ovality index, whereas it did not for the vertical cup-to-disc ratio. The measurements of the ovality index and vertical cup-to-disc ratio showed good (ICC = 0.888 [0.839–0.924], CV = 2.9%) and moderate (CCC = 0.639 [0.550–0.713], CV = 23.5%) interobserver reproducibility, respectively.
In this study, we confirmed that the position of the CVT of the ONH was mostly in the central area in the newborns. We also showed that the shape of the ONH was generally vertically oval and uniform. This finding supports our previous hypothesis that at birth, the CVT is located mostly in the center of the ONH.16,17 Additionally, these results imply that the shape of the ONH and location of the CVT can change over the course of eyeball growth after birth.
The mean ovality index of the neonatal ONH was 1.28, which is consistent with previous studies.8,9 We also found that ONH morphology was very similar among the newborns. Many previous studies conducted in Asia demonstrated different ovality indices for different age groups.6,18–20 Guo et al.20 showed that the ovality index of Chinese children was 1.18 at the mean age of 11.4 ± 0.5 years (range, 10–13 years). Another study conducted in Beijing reported that the ovality index of adults was 1.08.19 This result was similar to those of other studies conducted with Singaporean Chinese adults (ovality index 1.1)18 and Japanese adults (ovality index 1.12).6 Taking these results together, we could cautiously deduce that the ovality index is decreased during infancy and early childhood. The larger ovality index of the preterm birth subjects relative to that of the full-term birth subjects in our study also supports this hypothesis.
Rimmer et al.12 reported that the optic disc and retrobulbar optic nerve showed approximately 75% of growth at birth and 95% before the age of 1 year, based on 95 patients on whom autopsies were performed. Recently, Patel et al.14 also demonstrated a rapid increase of disc diameter between birth and 2 years using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a cross-sectional study. However, there have been few studies demonstrating longitudinal changes of the ONH during ONH development and eyeball growth in infancy.11 Considering the high variability of ONH morphology in adults,4 the uniform ONH shape in the newborns of our study suggested that not only does the size of the ONH increase during eyeball growth, but also, its shape dramatically changes.
According to an embryologic study, LC development starts in the fetus' fifth month, and by the eighth month, the LC morphology is similar to that of adults.21 However, if the size and the shape of the ONH changes during eyeball growth in infancy and early childhood, the underlying LC might change further according to ONH and optic nerve development. Taking into account the facts that the LC is a three-dimensional cylindrical structure consisting of dense connective tissue and that the CVT is embedded in the LC, CVT position might represent the relative alignment of the anterior circular portion of the LC with the BMO. In the present study, the CVT was located mostly in the center of the optic disc in newborns. Considering the high variability of CVT position in the adult ONH,17 the LC might expand and/or shift during eyeball growth and scleral expansion. This might be related to the development of an LC area that is vulnerable to glaucoma. Our previous study found that positional change of the LC relative to the BMO is related to the development of LC defects in young myopic eyes, which may be related to glaucoma risk.16,17 Another study also showed that the eccentric location of the LC relative to the BMO center, as estimated from the position of the CVT, is related to the initial damage area of glaucoma.17
In our previous Boramae Myopia Cohort Study, we found that BMO diameter was relatively stable for 2-years follow-up from 9 years of mean age, whereas the deep structures of the ONH including the LC were shifted nasally and the peripapillary structures were changed dramatically during axial elongation due to myopic scleral expansion.15 Patel et al.14 also showed that BMO diameter increased rapidly during the first 2 years from birth and then relatively stabilized. Therefore, we cautiously speculate that BMO expansion may occur during infancy and early childhood along with scleral expansion, whereas scleral expansion alone may occur later, even during late childhood and early adolescence; the former would be accompanied mainly by emmetropization and the latter by myopization. Our speculation is supported by the schematic illustration in Figure 4. Further studies focusing on infancy and early childhood would be warranted.
Schematic illustration showing optic nerve head and deep-structural changes during emmetropization and myopization.
Peripapillary hypopigmentation was the most common finding in the newborns that we studied. Almost half of the cases (48.8%) showed peripapillary hypopigmented lesion, and they were categorized into two different shapes, crescent (20.6%) and circular (28.2%). Previous studies have reported that hyper- and hypopigmentary peripapillary rings, which are very similar to the dual-ring sign described in optic nerve hypoplasia, are a very common feature in preterm9 and full-term infants.10 Guevara and Juarez10 reported that the hypopigmentary ring was found in 94.21% of healthy newborns, and suggested that it could be a normal process for optic disc development that would disappear subsequently. This hypothesis is supported by our present finding that hypopigmentation was more common in the preterm group than in the full-term group. However, our previous study speculated on the presence of beta zone parapapillary atrophy (PPA) with Bruch's membrane as the result of misalignment between RPE layer and Bruch's membrane layer.22 Although we were not able to delineate the histologic characteristics of the hypopigmentary ring in this study, we cautiously hypothesized that at least some hypopigmentary rings in infants might represent beta-zone PPA with Bruch's membrane. Further study with OCT is warranted.
This study has several limitations. First, only normal fundus images of Korean newborns were included. Because it is known that optic disc parameters have racial differences,23,24 further study is needed with various ethnic groups to generalize our hypothesis. Second, we could not identify the actual BMO and deep structure of the ONH, because we used only fundus photographs. Moreover, in some eyes (up to 5%), the exact location of the CVT and/or the cup margin could not be identified due to ambiguity of fundus images, so they were excluded from the analysis. Longitudinal study using OCT for newborns would be necessary in order to track the development of the ONH and LC changes. Third, no control group of different ages was set up in the present study. It would be meaningful to compare the CVT position and morphologic variation of the ONH among different age groups. Instead of establishing a control group, we compared the results with several large-scale epidemiologic studies that had been conducted in Asia.6,18–20 Fourth, image misalignment according to the angle of measurement could have influenced the measurements of ONH and CVT position. However, the effects may be minimal, because the fundus photos had been taken by well-trained technicians. Last, we did not measure the axial length, refraction, or keratometry. Because of this, we used cup-to-disc ratio and ovality index instead of disc diameter and cup diameter in this study.
In conclusion, the CVT of newborns was located in the center of the ONH in most cases. The shape of the optic disc was usually vertically oval, and very similar among the newborns. Our findings suggest that the ONH shape and deep structures would be changed during emmetropization in infancy and early childhood. This process could be related to the development of vulnerability to glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
Supported by a clinical research grant-in-aid from the Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University (SMG-SNU) Boramae Medical Center (03-2019-3; Seoul, Korea).
Disclosure: M. Kim, None; S.Y. Kim, None; K.M. Lee, None; S. Oh, None; S.H. Kim, None
Jonas JB, Gusek GC, Naumann GO. Optic disc, cup and neuroretinal rim size, configuration and correlations in normal eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988; 29: 1151–1158.
Wang Y, Xu L, Zhang L, Yang H, Ma Y, Jonas JB. Optic disc size in a population based study in northern China: the Beijing Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006; 90: 353–356.
Ramrattan RS, Wolfs RC, Jonas JB, Hofman A, de Jong PT. Determinants of optic disc characteristics in a general population: the Rotterdam Study. Ophthalmology. 1999; 106: 1588–1596.
Jonas JB, Budde WM, Panda-Jonas S. Ophthalmoscopic evaluation of the optic nerve head. Surv Ophthalmol. 1999; 43: 293–320.
Kang NH, Jun RM, Choi KR; for the Namil Study Group, Korean Glaucoma Society. Clinical features and glaucoma according to optic disc size in a South Korean population: the Namil study. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2014; 58: 205–211.
Mataki N, Tomidokoro A, Araie M, Iwase A. Morphology of the optic disc in the Tajimi Study population. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2017; 61: 441–447.
De Silva DJ, Cocker KD, Lau G, Clay ST, Fielder AR, Moseley MJ. Optic disk size and optic disk-to-fovea distance in preterm and full-term infants. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006; 47: 4683–4686.
Kandasamy Y, Smith R, Wright IM, Hartley L. Optic disc measurements in full term infants. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012; 96: 662–664.
Hackl S, Zeman F, Helbig H, Oberacher-Velten IM. Optic disc morphology in premature infants. Br J Ophthalmol. 2013; 97: 314–317.
Guevara DA, Juarez EJ. Clinical features of optic nerve head in healthy newborns. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2017; 92: 54–57.
Tong AY, El-Dairi M, Maldonado RS, et al. Evaluation of optic nerve development in preterm and term infants using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmology. 2014; 121: 1818–1826.
Rimmer S, Keating C, Chou T, et al. Growth of the human optic disk and nerve during gestation, childhood, and early adulthood. Am J Ophthalmol. 1993; 116: 748–753.
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Patel A, Purohit R, Lee H, et al. Optic nerve head development in healthy infants and children using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Ophthalmology. 2016; 123: 2147–2157.
Kim M, Choung HK, Lee KM, Oh S, Kim SH. Longitudinal changes of optic nerve head and peripapillary structure during childhood myopia progression on OCT: Boramae Myopia Cohort Study Report 1. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125: 1215–1223.
Lee KM, Choung HK, Kim M, Oh S, Kim SH. Positional change of optic nerve head vasculature during axial elongation as evidence of lamina cribrosa shifting: Boramae Myopia Cohort Study Report 2. Ophthalmology. 2018; 125: 1224–1233.
Lee KM, Kim M, Oh S, Kim SH. Position of central retinal vascular trunk and preferential location of glaucomatous damage in myopic normal-tension glaucoma. Ophthalmol Glaucoma. 2018; 1: 32–43.
Bourne RR, Foster PJ, Bunce C, et al. The morphology of the optic nerve head in the Singaporean Chinese population (the Tanjong Pagar study): part 1–optic nerve head morphology. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008; 92: 303–309.
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iovs-60-08-41_s01.pdf
Copyright 2019 The Authors
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Change of β-Zone Parapapillary Atrophy During Axial Elongation: Boramae Myopia Cohort Study Report 3
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