Arconics will be in BKK, at stand E8 – let's meet!
The Airline and Aerospace MRO and Operations IT Conference, in Bangkok on October 26 and 27, 2016, is the world's only event to address the topical issues relating to the development of IT and its importance in safe and efficient flight operations.
This event provides the ideal opportunity for airlines, aircraft operators and independent MROs to learn, over just two days, more about how new technology can streamline and increase their operating efficiency as well as dramatically reduce costs.
Arconics will be showcasing, and providing live demos of, two of our key software solutions, AeroDocs and AeroEFB. Drop by stand E8 and learn why airlines such as Cathay Pacific, Qatar Airways, Aer Lingus and Philippine Airlines are using our software to ensure safety and compliance and maximum operational efficiency.
Incorporates the document distribution and viewing modules and is designed to appeal to airlines that want to adopt the paperless cockpit and also airlines that are currently using non-aviation-grade solutions, often from more than one supplier. AeroDocs ensures complete control over an airline's processes and documentation. Boasts the world's best pilot EFB viewer.
Adds XML editing module to distribution and viewing functionality. Enables easy XML editing of Airbus and Boeing manuals, as well as general ops manuals in one seamless, end-to-end system. Advanced regulation tagging helps ensure regulatory compliance.
AeroEFB is a Portable, Type A/B software electronic flight bag designed to create Electronic Flight Folders, and also distribute and view Airbus and Boeing XML aircraft manuals, plus internal manuals produced by the airline. This aviation-specific software enables viewing of flight documents and dynamic content on iPad and Windows portable devices, in any operating environment, with advanced day/night mode functionality. Safety and regulatory compliance are made easy with workflows, tracking and content linking. Data security is paramount. Manuals can be updated in PDF or XML format. Our app enables pilots to quickly find the information they require – crucial when quick decisions need to be made on the flight deck. Arconics software is built around the needs of the professional pilot and consists of a suite of tightly-integrated modules: Manuals, Flight Briefing, Forms, Weather, Read+Sign, Viewer and Distributor.
ขอบคุณสำหรับการ ลดลง และเราจะ เห็นคุณใน กรุงเทพ !
K̄hxbkhuṇ s̄ảh̄rạb kār ldlng læa reā ca h̄ĕn khuṇ nı krungtheph!
Read our Cathay Pacific Customer focus here.


Eastern Iowa Community Colleges - Clinton, Muscatine and Scott Community College campuses are seeking Part-time Nursing Aide Instructors.
As part of our Continuing Education healthcare programs, you will join a team of healthcare professionals ready to inspire our motivated students to realize their CNA educational and career goals while you enjoy a great working environment and flexible work hours. If you are passionate about nursing and would like to assist CNA students in achieving their dreams, we encourage you to apply today.
Must have and maintain a valid Iowa RN license.
Must have minimally two years RN experience.
Must have minimally one year of RN field experience in long term care.
Excellent communication skills along with a high level of initiative and practical judgment.


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Mark Naples
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Diane Anderson is a former magazine reporter, editor and TV producer. Her work has appeared in publications such as Business 2.0, CNN, Forbes, and Fortune. She helped launch and produce the TV show Bloomberg Technology. She's also written and edited for Wired, the Industry Standard, Adweek Brandweek, and Yoga Journal. Diane advises clients on messaging, media and communications, leveraging strategic press relationships to help companies and executives tell their stories. She earned a master's degree in English and American Literature and Criticism from New York University and a bachelor's degree in Literature from Claremont McKenna College.
danderson@witstrategy.com
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Home Business FRSC To Shut Down Unapproved Driving Schools In Rivers
FRSC To Shut Down Unapproved Driving Schools In Rivers
The Rivers State sector of the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) has said that it will soon embark on total closure of all unapproved driving schools that are still operating in the state, so as to maintain the safety standard that is required of them.
Making this known to The Tide in Port Harcourt, Tuesday, the Head, Safety Standard and Training of FRSC Rivers State, Officer O. Amaechi said that some driving schools that have met the standards have been given approval from the FRSC headquarters in Abuja.
He said that in Rivers State, that proper education and awareness have been created with respect to the new standards and requirements for the operation of driving schools.
According to Amaechi, the FRSC Rivers State decided to delay the enforcement of the order due to the late release of official documents that are meant for approved driving schools.
He pointed out that now that the awaited documents have been released, that the enforcement of the regulation will begin any moment from June 2010, adding that the FRSC will not tolerate any further excuse for not meeting the set standards, as proper enlightentment and awareness have been created on it.
By the new standard for operations, every driving school is expected to have an office structure, road worthy vehicles that have dual control, accredited staff instructors that are trained by the FRSC as well as a course manual.
Other requirements, according to Amaechi, are provision of high way code, traffic regulation, first aid facilities, fire extinguisher and other stimulators like television, road side models, projectors, magnetic board, library and vision acuity test.
He said these requirements are the standards set from the FRSC headquarters in Abuja, that every driving school operator will have to meet.
The FRSC head of training, however, posited that those schools that have not met the standard at the first inspection could still have another opportunity for another inspection, and their names forwarded for approval.
Corlins Walter
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Home » Technology » Pascal Hens remains a handball expert at Eurosport
Pascal Hens remains a handball expert at Eurosport
Image: Eurosport / Nadine Rupp
Former national handball player Pascal Hens works as a TV expert for Eurosport at the World Cup and the Olympic Games.
According to Eurosport information on Monday, the 40-year-old with the nickname "French fries" and the broadcaster extended the collaboration that began at the Champions League tournament in December. Eurosport is showing 15 games at the World Cup in Egypt without German participation and starts on Thursday (8.30 p.m.) with the game Norway – France. The meetings of the DHB selection run on ARD and ZDF.
With his former club HSV Hamburg, Hens became German champion (2011), DHB cup winner (2006, 2010) and Champions League winner (2013). "Pommes" also celebrated great successes with the German national handball team and became world and European champions (2007 and 2004). In addition, he won the silver medal at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens with the DHB selection. He won his last big title with HC Midtjylland (Danish Cup Winner 2016).
The broadcast times of the Handball World Cup at Eurosport
The broadcast times of the Handball World Cup at Eurosport 1
Thursday, January 14th – 8.20 p.m .: group game Norway – France
Friday, January 15th, 2021 – 8:20 p.m .: group game Hungary – Cape Verde
Saturday, January 16, 2021 6 p.m .: group game Egypt – Czech Republic
Monday, January 18th, 2021 5:50 p.m .: Group game Sweden – Egypt
Tuesday, January 19th, 2021 5:50 p.m .: Group game Croatia – Qatar
Wednesday, January 20th, 2021 5:50 p.m .: Main round: LIVE
Thursday, January 21, 2021 5:50 p.m .: Main round: LIVE
Friday, January 22nd, 2021 8:20 p.m .: Main round: LIVE
Saturday, January 23rd, 2021 8:20 p.m .: Main round: LIVE
Sunday, January 24th, 2021 5:35 p.m .: Main round: LIVE
Monday, January 25th, 2021 5:50 p.m .: Main round: LIVE
Wednesday, January 27th, 2021 6 p.m .: Men's quarter-finals: LIVE
Friday, January 29th, 2021 8:20 p.m .: Semi-finals men: LIVE
Sunday, January 31, 2021 5:20 p.m .: Final: LIVE
Source: DIGITAL FERNSEHEN by www.digitalfernsehen.de.
*The article has been translated based on the content of DIGITAL FERNSEHEN by www.digitalfernsehen.de. If there is any problem regarding the content, copyright, please leave a report below the article. We will try to process as quickly as possible to protect the rights of the author. Thank you very much!
Domino's presenta los Extra Hot Days
The dispute over jurisdiction over the Songdo Landfill in Incheon ends… Yeonsu-gu,'Pan Jeong-seung' in Namdong-gu
Minister Park Young-sun, who appeared in'The Taste of Wife', revealed that he was cut off at MBC anchor because of former President Kim Young-sam
Amar Benmohamed, police whistleblower on racism, warned for delay in speaking
LG Rollable, the concept of expandable screen smartphone is talked about again


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Q: Moving dialog boxes shrinks window I've noticed in Ubuntu 17.10 that moving dialog boxes from some (any?) applications (such as "save as" or "open") also shrinks the window from the main application.
This is a bit annoying especially when saving a file and you just want to move the dialog box to see the title of the PDF file for example.
Any ideas as to how to correct this behavior?

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Check below to get your Ellen's Game of Games fix and discover other shows you might like.
Volunteers from Ellen's studio audience play her outrageously fun games - including Danger Word, Mt. Saint Ellen, See Ya Later, Alligator, Know or Go and more - for the chance to win $100,000!


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The Media, David Griffin and LeBron James: A Case Study
Sports Illustrated recently ran a story containing several quotes attributed to David Griffin, who built the Cleveland Cavaliers' first and only championship team. Griffin explained why he left that franchise immediately after the 2016 title run: "Everything we did was so inorganic and unsustainable and, frankly, not fun. I was miserable. Literally the moment we won the championship I knew I was gonna leave. There was no way I was gonna stay for any amount of money." Griffin also stated, "We won despite our culture to a huge degree" and "LeBron is getting all the credit and none of the blame. And that's not fun for people. They don't like being part of that world." Griffin questioned how motivated James was to win a title after 2016: "I don't think he's the same animal anymore about winning."
Griffin later backtracked a bit about the last remark, stating that prior to the 2017 season he had this concern but it proved to be unfounded after James led Cleveland to back to back Finals appearances. However, if Griffin was quoted accurately then his statement was in the present tense, as opposed to saying, "I didn't think he would be the same animal about winning." The difference in the plain meaning between those two sentences is obvious. Griffin later amended some of his other comments as well, stating to ESPN that when he talked about LeBron James getting all of the credit and none of the blame that was meant as an indictment of the media, not of James. Griffin's retractions and amendments do not make much sense, because he claims that he was quoted out of context, but unless he was misquoted (which is a different) it is not difficult to understand Griffin's message--and even if Griffin meant to target the media instead of James, there is no denying that James has long used his platform to laud himself (he declared "I am confident because I am the best player in the world" on eve of his Cavaliers to Golden State in the 2015 NBA Finals) while directly and/or indirectly throwing shade on his owner, team executives, coaches and teammates. After the 2016 championship, James said that the triumph proved that he is the greatest player of all-time, which is not only a highly debatable contention but also a public assertion that does not leave much room to give credit to anyone else.
There are at least three possibilities regarding Griffin's statements followed by Griffin's retractions:
1) Sports Illustrated misquoted Griffin and/or published his statements without providing full context.
2) Griffin regretted his comments after they were published and decided to back away from publicly criticizing LeBron James.
3) ESPN, which has a substantial financial commitment involved with promoting LeBron James, decided that it would be best for all parties involved to suggest to Griffin to use their platform to clarify his message.
Regardless of which possibility is true, the coverage of Griffin's comments is yet another example of the extent to which sports journalism has lost its way. Sports Illustrated has a responsibility to accurately quote its interview subjects and to report those quotes in proper context. If ESPN is to be taken seriously as a journalistic enterprise--a ship that has perhaps long since sailed off without ESPN realizing or caring--then it cannot just be a mouthpiece for LeBron James and certain select, favored athletes. In the wake of the comments and retractions, many media members seem to care less about determining what Griffin said or meant than they do about figuring out how to spin the situation to support their preferred narrative; one preferred narrative is that James is a great player who is unfairly criticized, while another preferred narrative is that James is a very difficult individual with whom to work.
We may never know what Griffin actually said and/or what message he meant to convey about James--but we do not need to read Griffin's mind to know that even though James is one of the most athletically gifted and multi-skilled basketball players of all-time he lacks certain psychological qualities, and the qualities that he lacks prevent him from reaching the level that Michael Jordan and Kobe Bryant reached. We can figure that out by examining James' actions and the way those actions have been characterized by people who have a much more extensive basketball pedigree than Griffin does.
We know that Adrian Wojnarowski reported that James was such a poor leader and teammate that Coach Mike Krzyzewski wanted to leave James off of Team USA, but the powers that be insisted that James must be selected.
We know that LeBron James quit versus Boston in the 2010 playoffs.
We know that LeBron James quit versus Dallas in the 2011 NBA Finals.
We know that the media hyped James as the star of Team USA in 2012, but Kobe Bryant and Jason Kidd were the team's leaders.
We know that even after James learned how to be a champion he still was a difficult co-worker for his teammates, coaches and team executives; after James left Miami, Pat Riley referred to "No more smiling faces with hidden agendas." You did not need a decoder ring to figure out who Riley was talking about.
We know that by signing a series of one year contracts LeBron James hindered the Cavaliers' efforts to build a sustainable winning culture; he forced the Cavaliers to live year to year, to make stop gap moves, and to overpay players who LeBron James and Rich Paul liked. The reason that the Cavaliers collapsed both times after James left is not just that he is a great player but also that he creates chaos and leaves chaos in his wake. Riley did not let James wreak quite that much havoc in Miami, and the Heat did not become a moribund franchise after James departed.
We know that James and Paul destabilized two franchises last year in their efforts to pry Anthony Davis from New Orleans and send Davis to the Lakers.
We know that most star players who have played alongside James have seen their individual numbers go down, with Dwyane Wade, Chris Bosh and Kevin Love being the most prominent examples.
We know that throughout James' career--with the notable exception of his time in Miami--he calls the shots on personnel moves but will not accept responsibility when those moves do not work out.
What we don't know is where the tipping point is when the negative factors about James' personality will outweigh the positive factors about James' on court skills. Up to this point, James has been such an incredibly talented and impactful player that multiple franchises have been willing to deal with the negatives. At some point, that will not be true.
So, we do not need to parse Griffin's words to understand who LeBron James is: LeBron James is a supremely gifted basketball player who has had a great career but who has also been disruptive to multiple franchises. Have other great players been demanding and difficult at times? Yes, but in most instances not to the extent that James has been and not in ways that make it appear that winning as many championships as possible is not the top priority.
I have often said that James mystifies me more than any other great player who I have covered or researched.
The coverage of Griffin's comments tells us much more about the media than it does about LeBron James.
Labels: Cleveland Cavaliers, David Griffin, ESPN, LeBron James, Sports Illustrated
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@interface XXXPublicClass : NSObject

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


There's nothing better than surveying the previous fifty-two weeks of your life and realizing how fun and gratifying they were. Here's a look back at just a handful of the memories we at KIMbia Athletics will take away from 2011. If you had your own memory from the year that included us or our athletes, please share it below!
Who doesn't love a good underdog story? Nelly shocked American running fans when he dispatched middle-distance specialists German Fernandez, Alan Webb, and World Championship bronze-medalist-to-be Matt Centrowitz in a 3000m far below his comfort zone distances… and with a blistering kick, to boot.
Fellow athletes in the set included NBA MVP Derrick Rose and soccer superstar Thierry Henry.
Solinsky ended up "only" runner-up to Bernard Lagat, but the Badger alum essentially made the race with his aggressive running, and gave Lagat all he could handle down the stretch.
So strong was her move to breakaway early, that everyone else seemed content to vie for second by somewhere around 3k.
Following in the tradition of chasingKIMBIA, The Madison Project, Wisconsin to Worlds, and Rookies Vs. the World, Delilah marked the sixth year in a row that KIMbia Athletics connected with running fans by self-producing an ambitious multimedia project.
Keitany's 3:49.09 would prove the fastest Mile performance of 2011. With good showings in Hengelo and Oslo (2nd at both) and Zurich (3rd), The Land Cruiser would finish the year ranked 5th in the World for 1500m/Mile (All-Atletics.com).
After a US Half-Marathon DNF, Vaughn was an 11th-hour entry into the US Cross Country Championships, where he finally validated his well-regarded talent by claiming his first national title in surprise fashion.
Getting to work with even just one strong, smart, talented, driven, accomplished, and interesting woman such as these would be a reason-for-being for a company like KIMbia — never mind three.
His performance in Palo Alto put him 10th All-Time among Americans. His performance in the viral video sensation put him #1 in the hearts of many running fans (we assume).
In the deepest distance race on the planet, Shalane became just the second American to win world-level medals in cross country and on the track.
Later today we'll have our list of the things we're looking forward to for 2012!


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Middleton Top Area
DE4 4LS
The Middleton Top area offers a visitor centre, cycle hire, walks & bike rides, the National Stone Centre and a historic winding house.
The winding house is the imposing building with the tall chimney, that you can see for miles around. It is the last surviving complete winding engine house built by the Cromford & High Peak Railway Co and still contains its original pair of beam engines. It was one of a series of winding engines and inclines required to lift railway carriages from the Cromford canal up to the High Peak Railway. The engines are still in working order and several times a year there are open days when you can experience them running.
The old railway line is now the High Peak Trail, a walking and cycling route which links with The Tissington Trail at Parsley Hay.
A short walk down the incline from Middleton Top is the National Stone Centre, which has a cafe, a self-guided tour around some of the disused limestone quarries above Wirksworth and offers courses in dry-stone walling.
Wirksworth is a charming town that is easily reached by walking on down through the Stone Centre (but remembering you have to walk back up!).
If you carry on down the inclines, past the Stone Centre, you find yourself at Black Rocks and further still at the bottom of the inclines is the Cromford Canal, part of the Derwent Valley World Heritage site.
Follow the B5035 towards Wirksworth and its on the left at the very top of the hill just before you drop down into Middleton village. Its about 9 miles from Ashbourne.
Take service 110 or 111.
By bicycle it makes part of a fabulous all day round trip taking in the Tissington Trail and the High Peak Trail (route description coming soon).


JUNEAU – Today, Representative Les Gara (D-Anchorage) presented a constitutional amendment to enshrine the Permanent Fund Dividend program in the Alaska Constitution to the House State Affairs Committee.
The proposed constitutional amendment (HJR17) would place the current statutory dividend program into the state constitution. Currently, there is no language in the constitution to establish or calculate a dividend. The constitution also contains no language to protect funds from the Permanent Fund eligible for dividend distribution from being spent by the legislature for other purposes.
In 2002, former Governor Jay Hammond proposed a ballot proposition to require a vote of the people to change the dividend program or to spend the Permanent Fund earnings. Lieutenant Governor Loren Leman rejected the petition, and, later is his term, then Governor Frank Murkowski proposed using Permanent Fund earnings to help fill the state budget deficit. At the same time, the Legislature entertained a number of changes to Permanent Fund management and the dividend distribution formula. In light of these attempts to spend Permanent Fund earnings, Democratic legislators proposed enshrining the dividend program in the constitution.
Representative Geran Tarr, Representative Andy Josephson, Representative Harriet Drummond, Representative Jonathan Kreiss-Tomkins, and Representative Scott Kawasaki are all co-sponsors of HJR17.
The House State Affairs Committee heard the proposed amendment briefly. The committee chairman said the committee would bring the bill back before the committee at a later date.
← Rep. Guttenberg's Legislative Report: Rep. Kerttula, Budget, Education, Welcome Ruddy!


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Today's spas are reaping the rewards of making sustainability the foundation of their business plan
Environmentally conscious businesses are rapidly growing, and spas are among the leaders when it comes to prioritizing the planet and making sustainable practices a strategic part of their business plan.
That's what happening at The Spa Ritual, an Asian-inspired eco-spa in Calgary that embraces sustainability by reducing waste, using natural products, and involving staff in its green strategy—and it has been very good for business.
"There aren't any other green spas in Calgary, so having this niche gives us an edge with attracting and keeping customers and staff," says marketing director Christina Arthur. "Spa-goers want an experience that is as authentic as possible, and products and processes that don't harm the environment."
When it comes to lighting its 7,000-ft. facility, the company uses only compact fluorescent bulbs, which are far more energy efficient than incandescent bulbs. A centrally controlled lighting system, dimmers, and an architectural design that maximizes sunlight all help minimize the use of artificial light.
While spas rely heavily on water to provide services and clean, Spa Ritual takes several steps to use less of it. Water-efficient showerheads, toilets, and tap aerators help reduce waste. For laundry, it uses washing and drying machines that are more energy-efficient than Energy Star appliances, and an exceptionally efficient detergent that reduces water and energy costs per load by, respectively, 18 and 25 per cent. To be most efficient, staff load washers and dryers to capacity and don't over-dry laundry.
Spa Ritual has been recycling paper, glass, plastics, and batteries since it opened—years before the local government introduced such a program. As well, all bath and facial tissue and paper towels are made from recycled post-consumer wastepaper content.
The spa's massage oils, lotions, and other products are free of elements harmful to the environment and human health, such as parabens, sulfates, petroleum-derived ingredients, and artificial fragrances and colours. The ecological impact of vendors, including their manufacturing and shipping practices, is carefully considered.
Environmentalism at Spa Ritual is facilitated by staff, who meet monthly as part of a green committee to discuss current initiatives and brainstorm new ones, and also help implement them.
"I think our green focus helps us attract and maintain the right kind of staff who have a passion for sustainable living," Arthur says of the recruitment success and quality talent of Spa Ritual, which has won the 2010 Industry Award for Sustainability from Leading Spas of Canada, the 2012 Green Spa award from DaySpa magazine and the Spa Excellence Crystal Award, which partly evaluates sustainability efforts.
Working together for Mother Earth
Spa Ritual is also a founding member of the Green Spa Network, a U.S. non-profit striving to make the spa industry more earth-friendly. The main organization of its kind in North America— Leading Spas of Canada refers its eco-focused members to the network—its members include 100 U.S. and Canadian spas and personal care product vendors that voluntarily commit to environmentally safe products, services, and practices.
Network members can access resources on how to make spas sustainable, including sourcing durable, high-quality linens; choosing retail products that reinforce a spa's green credibility; and ultimately aligning all business facets, including communication, operations, leadership and employee training, under a cohesive sustainability strategy.
Green light ahead
While there's little to no data on the sustainability trend within Canada's spa sector, its growth in mainstream business reflects where things are headed. The 2011 study Sustainability: The 'Embracers' Seize Advantage found that spending on sustainability programs by 2,500 global firms with more than $1 billion in annual sales should reach $60 billion this year; for many of those companies, the amount spent will be 50 to 100 per cent higher than in 2011. Small- and medium-sized enterprises are also getting on board: the 2011 report SMEs Set Their Sights on Sustainability, which surveyed 2,000 company executives in Canada, revealed that one third of small businesses have a defined sustainability strategy, and 23 per cent plan to develop one within two years.
Sustainability makes sense
"There is definitely a growing interest among spas in going green," says Debriana Berlin, executive director of the Green Spa Network. "There's increased consumer demand—millions of people who do yoga, eat organic food, or otherwise have a green lifestyle want to have it across the board."
Spa consultant Vivienne O'Keeffe agrees that becoming more sustainable can provide spas with a distinct business advantage.
"The payoff is not just economic—the lower water and energy bills—but the goodwill and positive energy that's created when you support the environment and local community," says O'Keeffe, head of B.C.-based Spa Profits Consulting Inc., who has worked with spas in Canada—including The Spa Ritual—and the U.S. since 1994. "It helps you attract the growing number of conscientious customers who want to use responsible service providers."
In her practice, O'Keeffe observed an upswing in the sustainable spas trend in Canada until the global financial meltdown, but she says it is gaining momentum again among forward-thinking spa owners.
Says O'Keeffe: "Those who are deeply committed to sustainability will continue with it, because down the road it leads to a return on investment."
by Sharon Aschaiek | Spring 2013


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Measuring someone's intelligence is difficult to do. In many ways, we need to think abstractly about intelligence. Can we measure the intelligence of a person by looking at their grades in school? Maybe someone was very intelligent but did not have the motivation to study. Can we measure intelligence by how well someone can communicate and cohabitate with others, otherwise known as social intelligence? Perhaps the person in question is very smart, but is awkward in these situations. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tests are usually used in situations where intelligence must be measured, and one of the most popular is the Wechsler Intelligence test.
What is the Wechsler Intelligence Test?
This test is administered in several parts, using different scales and different subtests. Some of the scales used are perceptual reasoning, verbal, working memory, and processing speed. There are different types of Wechsler tests for different age groups, each using the average scale of 100 points, which is the mean of the normal curve. One of the advantages this test has over other IQ tests, such as the Stanford Binet IQ test, is that it allows analysis of a profile of scores rather than just one intelligence quotient. Each section of the test can be analyzed individual to paint a better picture of a person's intelligence. These intelligence tests have stood the test of time, staying useful after several years of clinical trials and research. There have been several allegations that these tests may be reliable in theory, but in practice the scores vary widely.
Is the Test Really Reliable?
Research has shown that the Wechsler test is one of the most well-designed tests to measure intelligence. It provides a wide profile of indexes and scales and really allows for the diagnosis of certain mental complications, as well as an accurate depiction of a person's intelligence. However, as most tests of this nature are, the tests are only as reliable as the person giving them.
Unlike several easily administered intelligence tests, most testing centers still use physical bodies, both psychologists and doctors, to administer the test. This brings human error into play, which is more or less reduced to nothing when a test is administered on a computer. There have been several reports of testers being either very liberal or very conservative when giving points for certain test sections. A study completed at Central Missouri State University had thirty eight graduate students and psychologists score test subjects in several different groups. What the study found was that while the mean IQ and indexes were similar across groups, there were large variances in the ranges of Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full Scale IQ, indicating that the ability to consistently administer this test should be called into question.
There have also been reports of certain subtests being left out of the testing altogether due to time and cost constraints. While administering only a few of the subtests will allow a test administrator to estimate an IQ close to what the real IQ is, administering the testing this way tends to be less accurate than the administrator thinks.
The methodology and purpose of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale is sound, but it needs to be administered correctly and consistently in order for the results to be reliable.
For all official Wechsler materials, visits Pearson Clinical.
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Alexander Hood ( - ) est un officier de marine britannique du . Il sert dans la Royal Navy, et s'y distingue comme plusieurs des membres de la famille Hood.

Biographie
Il entre dans la Royal Navy en 1767, il accompagne le capitaine James Cook lors de son second voyage d'exploration entre 1772 et 1775. Pendant la guerre d'indépendance des États-Unis, il sert sous les ordres de amiraux Howe et George Rodney, il se distingue dans les Indes occidentales, et en  il est promu au grade de captain. Peu après, il reçoit le commandement du vaisseau de deuxième rang de 98 canons, le . Il n'était pas rare que de jeunes capitaines reçoivent le commandement de gros vaisseaux si ce vaisseau était le navire amiral d'un amiral expérimenté, qui pouvait garder un œil sur ce jeune capitaine. Dans ce cas, le Barfleur était le vaisseau amiral de son cousin, l'amiral Sir Samuel Hood. Le , Alexander Hood commande le Barfleur à la bataille de la baie de Chesapeake, où il est le vaisseau amiral dans l'avant-garde de la flotte de Thomas Graves. À la bataille des Saintes, le , Hood est cette fois au commandement d'une des frégates placées sous les ordres de Rodney. Plus tard, alors qu'il est à nouveau sous les ordres de son frère, il se dirige vers le passage Mona, où il capture la corvette Céres. Hood devient un ami proche du commandant de la prise, le baron de Peroy, et pendant la paix de 1783-1792 il rend une longue visite en France à son ancien prisonnier. Il épouse Elizabeth Periam le .

Au début des guerres de la Révolution française, sa santé défaillante l'oblige à rester chez lui et il ne reprend pratiquement pas la mer jusqu'en 1797. Son retour est marqué par un incident ; son vaisseau le ,  de 74 canons, est impliqué dans la mutinerie de Spithead.

Le , le Mars combat le vaisseau français L'Hercule au crépuscule au large de la pointe du Raz. L'Hercule tente de s'échapper à travers le passage du Raz mais la marée l'entrainant dans la mauvaise direction, il est obligé de jeter l'ancre, offrant à Hood la chance d'attaquer le vaisseau français. Les deux vaisseaux étaient de force égale, tous deux de 74 canons, mais L'Hercule était un vaisseau neuf, lancé en 1798. Après une heure et demie d'un sanglant combat rapproché, le vaisseau français amène son pavillon, ayant perdu quelque 300 hommes à son bord. À bord du Mars 31 hommes sont tués et 60 blessés. Parmi les victimes, le capitaine Hood est mortellement blessé à la cuisse Selon les récits anglais, il meurt juste après avoir reçu l'épée du capitaine L'Hériter en signe de reddition.

Une des maisons de la Royal Hospital School, Suffolk, a été nommé en son honneur.

Voir aussi
 Son frère, l'amiral Sir Samuel Hood,  Baronet (1762-1814).
 Son cousin germain, l'amiral Samuel Hood,  Hood (1724-1816)
 Son cousin germain, l'amiral Alexander Hood,  Bridport (1726-1814).
 Son petit-fils, l'amiral Lord Hood (1824-1901)

Notes et références

Sources et bibliographie
 William James, Naval History of Great Britain, 1793-1827.

Naissance en avril 1758
Décès en avril 1798
Décès à 39 ans
Officier de la Royal Navy
Militaire britannique des guerres de la Révolution française
Militaire mort au combat lors des guerres de la Révolution française
Militaire britannique mort au combat

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Michel Platini seen after police questioning into corruption over Qatar World Cup
3 weeks ago / 56 Views
Michel Platini seen after police questioning into corruption over Qatar World Cup as he joins mourners at former UEFA president Lennart Johansson's funeral
Michel Platini was seen on Wednesday following police questioning last week
He attended former UEFA president Lennart Johansson's funeral in Sweden
Platini was Johansson's successor at the European football governing body
By Kate Mcgreavy and Chris Pleasance for MailOnline and Matt Lawton for the Daily Mail
Published: 15:57 BST, 26 June 2019 | Updated: 16:16 BST, 26 June 2019
Michel Platini was seen on Wednesday afternoon following police questioning into corruption over the Qatar World Cup last week.
The ex-France midfielder joined mourners at former UEFA president Lennart Johansson's funeral in Stockholm, Sweden.
Johansson, who founded the Champions League in 1992 during his period as head of UEFA between 1990 and 2007, died at the age of 89 earlier this month after a short illness.
Michel Platini was seen on Wednesday following police questioning into corruption last week
He joined mourners at former UEFA president Lennart Johansson's funeral in Sweden
Platini was Johansson's successor as president of the European football governing body
The coffin of Johansson is seen during his funeral in Katarina Church in Stockholm
Platini was Johansson's successor as president of the European football governing body, but he lost his position as in 2015 over breaches of FIFA's ethics code.
Just last week Platini was held in custody and questioned by French anti-corruption investigators over the awarding of the 2022 World Cup to Qatar and Euro 2016 to France.
The 64-year-old was released from custody in the early hours of last Wednesday morning after being quizzed as part of a corruption investigation.
Last week Platini was held in custody and questioned by French anti-corruption investigators
UEFA President Aleksander Ceferin arrives for the funeral of Johansson on Wednesday
The investigation is understood to centre on claims that Platini's support of Qatar's World Cup bid was the result of political negotiations conducted by former France president Nicolas Sarkozy.
Platini recently spoke of his desire to return to football when his four-year ban — over a £1.35million payment authorised by disgraced former FIFA president Sepp Blatter — expires in October.
Platini denied any wrongdoing and French authorities did not announce any charges against the former Juventus player.
The coffin is carried out of the church after the funeral service of Johansson


When Tod Kurt of ThingM recommended these reversible Micro USB cables, I bought a 3-pack on Amazon. They really do work. Both the USB male plug and the micro plug can be inserted without regard to the orientation, like a USB C plug. There is no "right side up."
Why aren't all USB cables made this way?


After 33 months of insisting that her Brexit was the only option, the Prime Minister seems to have developed a new flexibility – but her new plan is not guaranteed success, says Jill Rutter.
It was another dramatic day in the unfolding drama of Brexit. Seven hours of Cabinet lockdown were followed by a pivot. The Prime Minister, who had seemed programmed to repeatedly bash her head against the brick wall of her Brexiteers, finally went in another direction.
Extending the olive branch of talks to Jeremy Corbyn comes with a backstop: if discussions with the Labour leader failed to settle on a way forward, then MPs will be asked to come up with and, "crucially", impose their own solution on the Government. The day after a vote on "parliamentary supremacy" (which was the motion by the SNP MP Joanna Cherry in the latest round of indicative votes) was defeated, it was being offered back by the Government.
The Cabinet may have been steamrollered into accepting this serious shift in strategy, but it is a strategy which is fraught with risks.
Throughout the entire process, the Prime Minister seems to have been playing for time against her opponents. But with Parliament threatening to legislate to avoid no deal, and with a Brexit cliff edge looming on 12 April, Theresa May finally told us what she meant when she said that the process she had been following had run out of road.
The problem is that she stuck on that road for far too long. It may have been an achievement to whittle down the defeats on her Brexit deal from 230 to 149 to 58, and on that rate of progress maybe a fourth vote would have seen a majority of more than 30. But the Prime Minister must have judged it unlikely. Indeed, the indications were that the ERG movers of last week were swinging away from her again.
But she has left herself precious little time to do anything with her new strategy. By Monday she needs to convince EU leaders that she has a convincing way forward. That gives her five days (assuming she works over the weekend) to either reach an agreement with Jeremy Corbyn or instead agree a way to hold decisive votes in Parliament, hold those votes, agree she will pursue the results – and then put together a convincing plan. It will be far from straightforward.
Labour will have to finally admit it doesn't have a problem with the Withdrawal Agreement.
The Labour leader may make unnegotiable demands. Labour wants a permanent customs union, which Michel Barnier, the EU's Chief Negotiator, has said is feasible, but its plans for a say on EU trade policy and a "strong relationship with the Single Market" underpinned by "shared institutions" look unacceptable to an EU determined to protect its own processes. If Jeremy Corbyn demands that the Political Declaration is amended to make these changes, the EU may just say no.
The Prime Minister may balk at some of the red lines she is required to cross to reach a deal with Jeremy Corbyn.
The Labour Party may not allow their leader to facilitate a "Tory Brexit" whatever his personal sympathies – and put pressure to insist on a referendum.
The option that Parliament comes up could be unnegotiable with the EU (see above).
Parliament may not accept the rules of the Prime Minister's offer: it could opt to reject the Withdrawal Agreement (again); or could demand that the Prime Minister revokes Article 50 – the thing she said was her ultimate red line.
Or Parliament could wreck the Prime Minister's timetable by demanding a referendum. That would make it impossible for the UK to meet the Prime Minister's timetable of leaving by 22 May.
The EU may reject whatever plan the Prime Minister comes up with and simply prefer the certainty of showing the UK the door.
The European Council may not agree to the extension the Prime Minister wants (which, at the moment, is very unclear); it may not think that a fragile consensus to pass a deal that is opposed by a majority of the Cabinet and governing party offers the "stable and secure" majority it sought. It may offer the PM a choice: a long extension and the European Parliament elections or a short extension to prepare for no deal. Or it may impose intolerable conditions for that extension that even a UK Parliament averse to no deal finds impossible to accept. The Prime Minister will only have a day to get the necessary legislation to change exit day (again).
The Prime Minister may have made it clear that she doesn't want a no deal Brexit. But until Parliament makes it clear that it would ultimately be prepared to revoke Article 50, no deal is still on the table.
The Prime Minister's approach has been denounced by her Brexiteer colleagues. But this is not risk-free for Labour either. If the Prime Minister accepts a permanent customs union, a strong relationship with the Single Market and the full slate of Labour's demands on protections, will Jeremy Corbyn say yes and disappoint his non-reconciled Remainers? Or will he say no, and risk the ire of all the Labour MPs who have been keen to deliver Brexit?
The next few days will tell whether the Prime Minister's move has created a genuine new opening – or is just heading for another dead end.
Might Theresa May call a general election to resolve the Brexit deadlock?


Dean graduated with distinction from the University of Technology, Sydney in 2013 having completed a combined Bachelor of Business and Bachelor of Laws degree. During his university career, Dean completed specialist subjects in employment law, insolvency, family law and alternative dispute resolution.
Prior to joining Keypoint, Dean worked at national specialist employment relations firm, Harmers Workplace Lawyers.
Dean works across all practice areas in the employment space and has gained vast experience on a number of complex matters including: drafting contracts, enterprise agreements and workplace policies; restraints of trade issues; union disputes; work health and safety; award interpretation; executive remuneration; performance management; restructuring; corporate governance; sensitive terminations; equal opportunity employment; unfair dismissals and general protections.
Dean has a broad ranging practice and has acted for high net worth individuals and both listed and unlisted companies across a number of industries including building and construction, banking and financial services, mining and in the retail sector. He has also conducted several large litigation matters in employment tribunals and superior Courts, including the appellate jurisdiction of the Federal Court of Australia.
Dean was admitted as a solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in February 2014 and further admitted to the High Court of Australia in March 2014.
Before moving into the legal profession, Dean spent several years on Sydney Harbour skippering luxury vessels privately. Dean continues to enjoy being active on Sydney Harbour to the present day.
If you wish to contact Dean Tolkin please click here or telephone 02 8035 5200.


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Home Articles Phillip Hughes Accidental Death I Australian Cricketer I
Phillip Hughes Accidental Death I Australian Cricketer I
Phillip Joel Hughes was born on 30 November 1988 with exceptional batting techniques. Philip Hughes had played domestic cricket for Worcestershire and South Australia. In his international career, he was a strong player in the Australian Test and One Day Internationals (ODIs).
The player died while following his passion in between a match against New South Wales. He was struck by a ball at his neck and hence, after two days of this incident, the player was declared dead at St. Vincent Hospital on 27 November 2014.
Early life and the starting of his career as a Cricketer
Phillip Hughes Accidental Death
From the son of a banana farmer to an International Australian cricketer, Hughes had gone a long way. The cricketer in his early days had tried his hands at football as well. He had also managed to play at the side of former Australia International Greg Inglis because of his talent.
The left-handed batsman soon started excelling at cricket. At the age of 12, he was playing A-Grade cricket for Macksville RSL Cricket Club. After playing at Macksville for almost five years, he moved to Sydney. Where he played for Western Suburbs District Club where he soon made a name for himself.
The batsman on his grade debut scored a solid 141* runs. The player, at the age of 19 became the youngest Australian player to have scored a century in Sheffield Shield Game. His performance made him earn the award of New South Whales Rising Star.
It was just a matter of time that within a year, the cricketer was chosen to play for Australia at ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup in 2008 as a Vice-captain of the team.
Even though he was dismissed in the first inning, he showed immense talent in the second inning with a total of 75 runs including six and eleven fours. His performance in the world cup had stunned everyone and it became very clear for Australia that Hughes was there to do big. He became the most exciting young talent in Australia.
Hughes didn't stop right there. It was just the beginning of a new start for him and the world was keen to see his performance in other matches. In the second test match at the Sahara Stadium, Durban, Hughes had earned the title of being the youngest player in the world to hit a century in both the innings of a Test Match.
The techniques used by Hughes were quite modern and thus created some hype. In the 2009 Ashes campaign, his techniques were used against him by the fast bowlers. Who was restricting his way of playing by targeting his upper body? As a result, he didn't play the next test match. Shane Watson took his place as the opener for the team.
The years after that didn't prove to be fruitful for the player. He remained a side player for the rest of the matches and was covering for either the injured players or the absent ones.
However, good days were back soon when Phillip got an opportunity in 2010. Where he showcases his talent as a player of the Test squad for the tour of New Zealand. There he managed to score 86 runs off 75 balls in the fourth inning. In 2011, he was more or less a regular player in the team but due to his inconsistency that couldn't stay for long.
He was dismissed from the international arena for a year. But, he was called up again in 2013 for the Test Series against Sri Lanka. Where he made an impressive international comeback with 86 runs in the first Test Match.
During the whole series, Hughes had managed to make two half-centuries and 233 runs off 46.60. This performance had confirmed his place in the ODI squad where he had left no stone unturned. He became the first Australian to create a century on debut with 112 runs off 129 balls.
After this, Phillips became unstoppable. He was then selected for a Test Series in India in 2013. In which he didn't have much of a showcase and his average could only reach 18.37. However, the batsman created a world record with Ashton Agar by managing a partnership of 163 runs.
Phillip Hughes died doing what he loved the most, doing what made him the star of Australia. At a very young age of 25, some 3 days before the player's 26th birthday, the batsman bid goodbye to the world in the worst of a possible scenario.
The way he died became a topic of national discussion and had created some doubt in the minds of people.
It was just a fine day and a regular Sheffield Shield match between South Australia and New South Whales that was getting played at the popular Sydney Cricket Ground (SGC).
It was an important match for Phillip as he was on the outer edge for over a year. Thus wanted to make an impression in front of the selecting committee for a significant Test Series. That was just a couple of weeks away. The Australian opener was batting well and was at 63 when a ball thrown by Sean Abbott hit his neck making him unconscious. He was hurriedly taken to St. Vincent Hospital, Sydney where he was declared to be in a coma.
Hughes's injury was described as a sport-related cerebrovascular injury. It was found that his vertebral artery dissection had led him to subarachnoid haemorrhage. After two days of remaining in the ICU, the player finally bid goodbye to the world on 27 November 2014.
Australia had lost one of its rising stars who could have been the new face of the Australian Cricket Team.
Even though no subsequent action was taken against the bowler Sean Abbott, and the death was termed as accidental. But, a lot of improvements were made in the helmets used by the players and some other protection guards too have been made mandatory.
AshtonAgar
AustralianCricketer
PhillipHughesAccidentalDeath
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All buѕіnеѕѕеѕ are іn thе buѕіnеѕѕ оf mаkіng mоnеу. So continually соmреtіng tо kеер up wіth the lаtеѕt market іnduѕtrу trеndѕ саn bе a time-consuming nіghtmаrе fоr аnу buѕіnеѕѕ owner. But prоvіdіng ассеѕѕіblе tools for сuѕtоmеrѕ can influence the numbеr of customers that brіng уоu business. Whеthеr you are соnѕіdеrіng a mоbіlе арр or a mobile-friendly website, іt іѕ vital to ѕtау іnfоrmеd оn thе most cost-effective marketing strategies ѕо уоu knоw whеrе to dedicate mоѕt of уоur еnеrgу. It gives businesses a huge marketing advantage.
Intеrnеt еntrерrеnеurѕ know bу nоw that the futurе оf the wеb is mоbіlе. But, thаt dоеѕ not mean wеb is dеаd, and 'mоbіlе simply' does not mean оnlу mоbіlе applications.
Iѕ іt bеttеr for a business to fіrѕt start wіth a mobile орtіmіzеd wеbѕіtе or a mоbіlе app? The dеbаtе, in most саѕеѕ, іѕ rhеtоrісаl. Thе answer, however, lіеѕ іn your rеԛuіrеmеnt аnd thе type оf аudience or market уоu wаnt to tаrgеt rather thаn gоіng with vоx populi.
Although it largely depends on the product/ service you are offering to your customers, let's take a look at different aspects of both, a mobile website and an application.
A mоbіlе app іѕ faster аnd саn interact with аll the рhоnе features lіkе ассеѕѕіng phone contacts, lосаtіоn services, camera etc. whісh a website саnnоt. But for thе арр to be of any use, needs to be installed on the phone first. Whereas, a good mоbіlе ѕіtе саn simply bе nаvіgаtеd through the browser.
The mobile app might also hаve ассеѕѕіbіlіtу іѕѕuеѕ. Yоu wіll hаvе tо develop the mоbіlе аррlісаtіоn fоr аll рорulаr mоbіlе ореrаtіng platforms ѕuсh as iOS, Android, Wіndоwѕ, Blасkbеrrу аnd Symbian аѕ developing it for juѕt one platform will gеt уоu limited ассеѕѕіbіlіtу.
On the оthеr hаnd, a nаtіvе mоbіlе арр can bе accessed оfflіnе (wіthоut іntеrnеt) as wеll whіlе a mоbіlе site аlwауѕ requires іntеrnеt access.
What іѕ more cost еffесtіvе?
It'ѕ tурісаllу сhеареr to buіld or uрgrаdе tо a mоbіlе ѕіtе or a rеѕроnѕіvе wеbѕіtе than buіldіng a mоbіlе аррlісаtіоn. Also, mоbіlе аррѕ hаvе рlаtfоrm dереndеnсу, so if you аrе tаlkіng аbоut a mоbіlе арр, you wіll first nееd tо dесіdе whеthеr уоu wаnt аn iOS арр (fоr iPhone аnd іPаd), an Andrоіd арр, a Wіndоwѕ Mоbіlе арр or a Blасkbеrrу арр? If уоur budgеt is rіght, you wіll want to go wіth all оf thеm just tо mаkе ѕurе уоu don't lеаvе out uѕеrѕ оn оthеr platforms.
But, іn саѕе уоu are hаvіng a budget соnѕtrаіnt, lаunсh your mоbіlе ѕіtе fіrѕt.
Whісh one іѕ mоrе user frіеndlу?
Mоbіlе wеbѕіtеѕ have ѕtаtіс, nаvіgаtіоnаl uѕеr іntеrfасе while mоbіlе apps саn have іntеrасtіvе uѕеr іntеrfасе. Whіlе responsive wеb dеѕіgn (RWD) аррrоасh on the оthеr hand addresses аnd resolves muсh оf the uѕаbіlіtу issues fоr a mоbіlе-frіеndlу wеbѕіtе, mobile app dеfіnіtеlу has аn edge hеrе аѕ іt іѕ a nаtіvе аррlісаtіоn and hаѕ better lеvеrаgе.
Thіѕ іѕ the rеаѕоn why thеrе are bеttеr interactive gаmеѕ being dеvеlореd аѕ mоbіlе apps rather thаn a wеb app. Sо іf уоur ѕtаrtuр is an іntеrасtіvе gаmе, уоu wоuld dеfіnіtеlу wаnt to lаunсh іt аѕ a mobile app fіrѕt.
Understanding уоur project, уоur аudіеnсе аnd target mаrkеt ѕеgmеnt fіrѕt!
It is vіtаl tо undеrѕtаnd your аudіеnсе аnd tаrgеt mаrkеt first before аnуthіng еlѕе. For a mobile оnlу ѕtаrtuр ѕuсh аѕ WhаtAрр, Line, WeChat, іt made ѕеnѕе tо соmе uр with juѕt thе mobile app fоr dіffеrеnt mobile platforms. The rеаѕоn wаѕ clear as thеѕе аррѕ іntеrасt wіth other mobile fеаturеѕ ѕuсh аѕ уоur phone соntасtѕ, dialer аnd іn ѕоmе cases, location ѕеrvісеѕ whісh іѕ not роѕѕіblе for a wеbѕіtе tо dо. A wеbѕіtе, mоbіlе-frіеndlу or nоt, саnnоt interact wіth рhоnе'ѕ іn-buіlt features.
On thе оthеr hand, for a соrроrаtе wеbѕіtе оf a company ѕuсh аѕ of IBM оr Intеl, іt makes mоrе ѕеnѕе tо соmе up wіth a mobile-friendly wеbѕіtе only аnd nоt a mоbіlе арр. Whу would ѕоmеоnе download уоur соmраnу'ѕ арр if thеу dоn't hаvе аnуthіng tо dо wіth іt оn a dаіlу basis? A mobile app's bаѕіс purpose is uѕеr іntеrасtіоn while leveraging phone fеаturеѕ. Sо, it would be a gооd іdеа to stay аwау from dеvеlоріng a mоbіlе арр if уоu dоn't nееd to lеvеrаgе аnу оf the рhоnе's fеаturеѕ wіth уоur mobile арр. Yоu don't 'need' tо аnd nоt 'wаnt' tо bесаuѕе уоu wіll, іn most саѕе, 'want' to dо іt anyway еvеn if that dоеѕn't mаkе sense! But thеn іt would bе a waste of уоur time аnd mоnеу.
What аrе thе benefits to hаvіng аn арр for your buѕіnеѕѕ?
Aѕ mоbіlе mаrkеtіng соntіnuеѕ to grоw, mоrе and mоrе buѕіnеѕѕеѕ are hорріng оn thе mobile app bаndwаgоn to соnnесt wіth "on-the-go" consumers, drіvе mоrе traffic, gеnеrаtе rереаt business, іnсrеаѕе sales through better product рrоmоtіоn, аnd most іmроrtаntlу, be available tо thеіr customers, оn their mobile dеvісеѕ, 24×7. Hаvіng аn арр for your buѕіnеѕѕ tаkеѕ mаrkеtіng еffоrtѕ to a whоlе new lеvеl. Aррѕ are nоt juѕt fоr hugе соmраnіеѕ like Amazon, еBау аnd Wаl-mаrt аnуmоrе. Mеdіum and small businesses аrе now uрріng thеіr marketing strategies аnd еxраndіng thеіr сuѕtоmеr rеасh wіth mоbіlе apps.
Mоѕt реорlе do not have thе tіmе to brоwѕе thе wеb'ѕ infinite соllесtіоn оf роѕѕіbіlіtіеѕ. A well-designed mоbіlе арр fоѕtеrѕ a unіquе роѕіtіоn іn уоur сuѕtоmеrѕ' Smаrtрhоnеѕ. Mаkіng уоur product available аѕ a mоbіlе арр provides соnvеnіеnсе аnd еffісіеnсу fоr uѕеrѕ, аѕ wеll as соmраnу employees. Mоbіlе аррѕ deliver іnѕtаnt gratification tо both, the buѕіnеѕѕ оwnеr and thе customer. And the mоrе grаtіfісаtіоn the customer receives іn ассеѕѕіng your buѕіnеѕѕ dеtаіlѕ, thе bеttеr the overall сuѕtоmеr-ѕеrvісе will be, whісh will then trаnѕlаtе іntо hіghеr ѕаlеѕ.
Cоntеnt about уоur buѕіnеѕѕ ѕhоuld bе uрdаtеd оn a rеgulаr bаѕіѕ tо kеер сuѕtоmеrѕ соmіng back. A ѕuссеѕѕful арр developer wіll рrоvіdе аn еаѕу-tо-uѕе, complete set оf features to showcase, including еxсluѕіvе wеb-bаѕеd access tо a bасk-еnd interface. Unlіkе a mоbіlе website thаt makes іt dіffісult tо еdіt and сhаngе content, a mоbіlе арр рrоvіdеѕ the buѕіnеѕѕ оwnеr wіth a wеb application where thеу саn еаѕіlу uрdаtе соntеnt wіth little еffоrt.
It'ѕ аll about thе customers, аnd gеnеrаtіng сuѕtоmеr loyalty іѕ a process that mау take tіmе. Keeping customers іnfоrmеd, рrоvіdіng vаluе аnd gооd uѕеr еxреrіеnсеѕ аrе ѕоmе of thе best tесhnіquеѕ tо kеер them соmіng bасk for mоrе. Thіѕ рrасtісе is a lоt lеѕѕ ѕuссеѕѕful wіth mоbіlе wеbѕіtеѕ duе to tесhnоlоgісаl соnѕtrаіntѕ. However, wіth a рrоfіtаblе mоbіlе app, you саn ѕеnd automated nоtіfісаtіоnѕ to customers рrоmрtіng them with роіnt асhіеvеmеnt.
Іt іѕ vital to know thе dіffеrеnсе between іnvеѕtіng in a mоbіlе wеbѕіtе оr a mobile арр. An app, in most cases, will cost higher and should be developed only if the business demands it.
Well, unlеѕѕ уоu аrе a mobile-only ѕtаrtuр, website first іѕ thе way to go! Thеrе аrе ѕuссеѕѕful ѕtаrtuрѕ аnd buѕіnеѕѕеѕ that have done thіѕ – thеу first lаunсhеd their wеbѕіtе (mоbіlе-frіеndlу, of соurѕе) аnd thеn came uр wіth mobile аррѕ on dіffеrеnt рlаtfоrmѕ. You can take an example of mаnу companies like Google, Amazon, Flірkаrt, Alіbаbа, Airbnb еtс. E-commerce wеbѕіtеѕ аnd startups usually fоllоw this strategy and if your product or service fits the category, you could do the same!


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PR2012: Tasmania Pearcey Award
PR2012: Jared Hill, CEO & Co-founder of insight4, wins 2012 Tasmania Pearcey Award
PRESS RELEASE: 12th July 2012 – Hobart. The 2012 Tasmanian Pearcey Award for younger ICT entrepreneurs was presented to Mr Jared hill, CEO & co-founder of insight4, a thirty man professional software services company based in Hobart. The award was made at an event held at the Henry Jones art house Hotel in Hobart as part of the 2012 Tasmanian iAwards event hosted by the Australian Computer Society (ACS). The award was presented to Mr Harrison by the Minister for Innovation, Science and Technology, the Hon. David O'Byrne MP.
State Chairman of the Australian Computer Society in Tasmania, Mr Steve Cambridge, praised Mr Hill for his inspirational efforts and for his entrepreneurial flair as evidenced by the high growth rate of his successful software services company right through the GFC period and beyond. Commenting on the judges' selection of Jared Hill as the 2012 Pearcey Award winner in Tasmania, Wayne Fitzsimmons, National Chairman of the Pearcey Foundation said: "The demonstration of Jared's leadership skills, both locally and nationally, in the Systems Interoperability Framework (SIF) - a nationally funded initiative associated with educational data, are the very qualities the Pearcey Foundation believes warrant recognition. Jared clearly is one who takes control of situations, inspires confidence in those around him and delivers on his promises".
Mr Fitzsimmons also expressed sincere appreciation for the support from the State Government of Tasmania in making the Pearcey Awards successful and for the ACS in working closely with the Pearcey Foundation to promote careers in ICT through this award.
About the Pearcey Foundation
Founded in 1998 in memory of Dr Trevor Pearcey, who built Australia's first and the world's fourth electronic programmable digital computer, CSIRAC, in Sydney in 1949, the foundation is a group of concerned individuals fostering the aims and achievements of the Australian ICT industry. Celebrating its 63d anniversary this year, CSIRAC is the oldest surviving computer in the world. The Pearcey Foundation's objective is to reinforce the recognition, knowledge and appreciation of Australia's ongoing contribution to the development and growth of our ICT professions, research and industry. The Foundation works closely with the ACS and the AIIA throughout Australia in presenting annual awards to outstanding individuals and companies in each state as well at the annual national iAwards event which in 2012 is being held in Melbourne. For more information on the Pearcey Awards please visit www.pearcey.org.au or call Ray Leonard in Tasmania on 0438399431 or Wayne Fitzsimmons on 0418 382 625
PR2012: Pearcey Medal
PR2012: Pearcey Hall of Fame
PR2012: CSIRO visit to CSIRAC
PR2012: NSW Pearcey Award
2012 Australia 3.0 Forum Report
2012 June Newsletter


"I'm a homeschool graduate, who grew up in a Christian church group. I love writing about Christian homeschooling and am especially interested in Christian homeschooling issues in Australia. Soon I'll be publishing my first book on Australian Christian homeschooling called Why on Earth Homeschool: The Case for Australian Christian Homeschooling.
How did you learn about money growing up?
"Because I was homeschooled, I spent a lot of time learning about money by watching my parents. My parents were great at saving money and ended up acquiring quite a few rental properties, even though the family was on a single income for the vast majority of the time.
"As a subject, Mum made us read books about rental properties. Dad also got us to trade stocks on paper. By the time my brother was 12-years-old, my Dad had my brother trade live stocks on the stock exchange.
What do you think the advantages are of learning about money in a homeschool environment, versus a traditional school one?
You're launching a book this year – tell us about it?
If you could pass on only one piece of financial advice to your child, what would it be?
Where can we learn more about your book and your business?


I recently had the pleasure of heading out the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve to see the fall scenery. I've made this trek before and at varying points of the year—this, however, was my first autumn experience. "Pinch Me" was one expression that came to mind, as well as what secret beauty we harbor here in Kansas.
The Flint Hills are without a doubt one of our most coveted attractions, but nestled inside them is the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve—better known by locals as the Z Bar Ranch. Here are five reasons you should add this national preserve to your "must-see" list among seasonal attractions this fall.
Various exhibits and information are kept at the National Preserve in the brand new Visitor Center (opened in May 2012). This space allows visitors to learn more about the ecosystem that is the Tallgrass Prairie and just how valuable it is; in fact, less than four percent remains, generally in the Flint Hills.
The expansive list of wildlife, both floral and faunal, will lead aspiring horticulturists on a full day of researching and exploring. As for the little ones, many hands-on experiences of artifacts and items found among the prairie allow their minds to expand forming an appreciation for the land. Children can even play a role as a park ranger with the Junior Ranger Booklet, asking them to find items out on the prairie and write about them.
While self-guided and cell phone tours send visitors through multiple points on the Z Bar Ranch—such as the larger than life limestone barn, prairie mansion, and even the old ice house—these historic landmarks are remarkable to see up close. Likewise, the National Preserve offers group tours on the Prairie Bus. "The combination tour includes a one-hour tour of the ranch house, barn and outbuildings and a one-hour prairie bus tour," according to the National Park Service website.
History, agriculture, and landscapes all converge at the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve.
Grab your iPhone, point-and-shoot, or professional SLR—the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve provides a bountiful experience for photographers of all levels. From the magnificent limestone, staged artifacts and sweeping vistas, the area is a wonderland of photographic opportunities.
Consider taking your own wildflower or native plant tour to photograph the unique vegetation that returns at different times in the year. In fall especially, flowers change colors as the temperatures cool. Various goldenrods and buckwheat flowers pepper trails and grassy areas around the property.
Two well-known hiking trails traverse the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve. The Southwind Nature Trail is an easy 1.75-mile trail that jots across the hill, valley and prairie grassland. Not one, but two scenic overlooks allow hikers to stop and appreciate the one-of-a-kind prairie scene.
For the more dedicated hikers, the Fox Creek Trail is a 6.1-mile round-trip trail that starts at the northern end of the Bottomland Nature Trail and extends northward, following Fox Creek. In some cases 6-foot tall grasses line the trail, allowing visitors to have an authentic natural experience on the prairie. For those looking to cast a line, catch and release fishing is allowed along Fox Creek.
The Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve is located on Kansas Highway 177, the Flint Hills National Scenic Byway, which is also recognized as one of America's Byways.
This season you can travel this 47.2-mile byway around curves and through the hills seeing vibrant fall colors and fading green grasses; a site that is not only cherished but Kansas' own version of leaves changing.
Just 15 minutes north of the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve is Council Grove, home to the famed Hays House Restaurant. Be sure to stop in for the lunch buffet, which this time of year includes fried chicken, mashed potatoes, and biscuits and gravy among other delicious items. Add a frosty Boulevard Beer to your lunch and enjoy reading more about the restaurant's history as a trading post along the Santa Fe Trail. Save room for pie, though. Just minutes south of the National Preserve is Cottonwood Falls, home to the Emma Chase Café. This petite, "Old-fashioned Country Cookin'" cafe has some of the most delicious pies—especially the gooseberry pie. Before the weather turns frightful, take a day trip out to the prairie—the Tallgrass Prairie!
Katy Ibsen is a writer and editor living in Lawrence. When she's not blogging, writing or serving her community, she's embarking on the outdoor life among Kansas' picturesque landscape.


Stephen Aiguier, founder and CEO of Green Hammer talks with ZEP founder Joe Emerson. Aiguier is a well-respected leader in the movement for healthy, zero carbon buildings. In addition to guiding the team at Green Hammer, Aiguier teaches the Sustainable Homes Professional series each year in Portland, Oregon.
JE: Who is Green Hammer and what is your mission?
SA: Green Hammer is a full-service architecture and construction firm specializing in designing and building healthy and durable zero energy homes, commercial spaces, and communities. Our mission is to engage in our Unified Design Build process to create healthy and inspiring buildings for life.
SA: Green Hammer has designed and completed construction on a variety of zero energy projects: six single family residences, a small office building for CAPACES Leadership Institute, the Cowhorn wine tasting room, and a seven-unit, multifamily age-in-place community called Ankeny Row. We are currently in the design or construction process for several other zero energy projects including three single family homes, one of which is a full renovation of a 1980s home, a 17-unit multifamily community, a 12-unit age-in-place multifamily community, and a childcare facility.
JE: Can you tell us more about your zero energy developments or multi-family projects?
SA: Yes. We completed the design and construction of Ankeny Row, a seven-unit, multifamily age-in-place community in 2015. The community is now independently owned by the six different unit owners, each with a percentage share of the commons which includes a community garden space, extra storage, a common unit with an additional kitchen, bath, and living space where the unit owners gather to visit, do yoga, and share some of their meals together. Ankeny Row has now produced more energy than they've consumed as an entire community for both of the first two years the community has been operational.
We are also now under construction on two more communities: Tillamook Row a 17-unit community and Rose Villa, a 12-unit senior living community. Each project has a slightly different ownership model and will be completed late fall of 2018 and early spring of 2019 respectively.
SA: We established a mission to create healthy and inspiring buildings for life out of a love for our planet and a deep concern for the oversized footprint and negative impacts of human-built environments, We define "healthy" to mean our buildings must have clean interior air, eliminate materials that contain toxic ingredients as much as feasible, support a responsible supply chain, and establish a long-term, healthy relationship with the natural world. We define "inspiring" to mean beauty, innovation, and aspiration. We know every building must be beautiful or we risk wasting the precious natural resources we wish to preserve, and we must continue to push each of our buildings to always be healthier than the last and inspire others to follow our path. We finish our mission statement with "for life," meaning both that we intend our buildings to span multiple generations and for them to have a positive relationship with the living world from concept through the multiple generations of occupancy.
A building's operational energy use has the most significant negative impacts on climate change, and energy production at the grid level results in significant disbursement of toxics into the environment. By creating buildings that produce as much or more renewable energy than they consume from the grid we are making significant gains toward our goal in achieving healthy and inspiring buildings.
JE: What is unique about your Unified Design Build process?
SA: Most of the construction and architecture professionals in our industry are taught and practice the design-bid-build process where an owner would engage an architect initially to execute the design and then put that design out to bid to three or more contractors to build the project. There are inherent issues with this process, especially when trying to achieve higher standards in the work. The architect or designer is left to make all the decisions around how to best manage innovative details like air barriers and exterior insulation in the most constructable, cost effective means and the builder is expected to understand all of the intent of the design and project criteria without being a part of the initial decision-making and design process. The results are often ugly, where the budget drifts far out of reach and the construction morphs from the original intent in an effort to manage the changes. Frequently, the contractor and architect are left blaming each other for the issues. As a result, animosity between contractors and architects can run deep.
As we were building our design-build firm we kept bumping into issues around how to re-train our staff to trust each other and break from their years of training in the standard industry where trust between designers and builders had broken down. Initially a lot of our efforts were just working on our company team integrity values and discovering how we best work together. Ultimately, team values alone is not enough. We learned we needed a more specific way to integrate that was standardized across all of our projects. In seeking standardized processes for design build, we found the Integrated Design Process (IDP) and the Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) process.
Ultimately, both were tremendously helpful and also very generalized in their descriptions with the added advantage that the IPD came with contracts to facilitate collaborations between architecture and construction and do so in a way that further describes some expectations in working together. We discovered that for a small, integrated firm each process felt too general and were really meant to describe a method for separate design and build teams to work together, whereas we really wanted an internal process that worked to build off of our values and unique project goals. We also wanted a process that could scale from our commercial projects down to our residential renovations.
We decided to invest our own time and spent two years developing the first draft of our Unified Design Build Process (UDBP) manual and check sheets. We have since evolved that process in multiple revisions and updates. Our UDBP lays out the intent and the details necessary for each project team to intake a project and deliver it in a collaborative, unified, and organized manner that gives our project teams flexibility to make unique decisions while also laying out direct responsibility to each team member for all steps of designing and building a project. The UDBP has been a tremendous tool for onboarding new staff quickly into our project teams and ensuring they understand how we deliver our projects. We've seen fantastic results and consistent success with project management, client engagement, and project certifications delivered on time and on budget in a collaborative environment.
SA: The exceptionally happy client feedback is my favorite thing about zero energy homes. Even after we've explained to clients up front that living in a super-insulated, air-tight home with heat recovery ventilation will dramatically improve their living experience, we still always get calls and emails months later about how comfortable their home is and how the air always seems fresh and clean. It's pretty awesome. My favorite thing is hearing about how kids who had previously struggled with chronic bronchitis or asthma experienced a tremendous drop or complete elimination of symptoms after moving into their zero energy home.
SA: Our building envelopes conserve far more energy than any of the solar photovoltaic panels produce on our buildings. A continuous air barrier on all six sides of the home, triple-pane windows and exterior doors, about 30-50% more insulation than a standard home, dramatic reductions on thermal bridging and 80% or better efficient heat recovery ventilation all make significant improvements to the energy performance of a home.
JE: What have you learned about designing and building zero energy homes so they are cost-effective and affordable?
SA: This is always a challenge as, fundamentally, zero energy homes require some extra steps and attention to detail around the air barrier and extra insulation that a standard home would not include. All other things being equal, the initial purchase cost will inherently be higher. "Affordable" and "cost effective" are interesting terms in the real estate market.
Banks see buildings as "cost effective" or "affordable" if they have a low cost per square foot (sf), which drives up square footage of housing. For instance a 4,000 sf house costs less per square foot to build than an 800 sf house as they both have similar overhead costs such as 1 sewer main, 1 new home permit (very seldom are permit costs based on sf), 1 water main, 1 power main, 1 driveway, etc., but the large home can spread those costs out across more sf thus driving down its cost per square foot. Larger homes also offer the builder the ability to negotiate better on volume discounts that would not be afforded to smaller projects. This is why the average starter new home is usually 2,000 sf or more. They appraise well on a lower cost per square foot basis and banks will finance them.
However, the best way to save on overall cost is to build small. Building small is a strategy we use for clients, but one that can be challenging with traditional financing. In these cases we will ask for an Accredited Green Appraiser who has been trained to recognize the additional value of zero energy homes and, eventually, we get the deal done. We also see multifamily buildings like row housing or apartments, as opportunities to build small and still benefit from the economies of scale of a larger project, which also helps make the homes more affordable for buyers.
Affordable has also been confused with the need to build as cheaply as possible, which is a real issue, especially for low-income home buyers. That is because by building cheaply you are inherently building with the lowest quality materials, especially for the roof and windows – fundamental features to the home's long-term durability and, when done poorly, are susceptible to failure before the mortgage is paid off, often requiring a new mortgage to be taken on the home to pay for those replacement or repair costs. This creates a debt cycle that makes retirement or other long-term savings impossible for low-income home buyers. Our take on it is that the best gift of affordability is long term durability, which also adds some up front cost, but is most affordable for the buyer in the long run.
JE: Any more tips about how to keep costs down?
SA: Besides increasing the economy of scale with multifamily, the other trick we've learned is to keep it as simple and standard as feasible. When you have added details like air barriers and ventilation systems the building process is complicated enough. There is no need to try and reinvent "cost effective" building with new ways of doing things. What we've learned is that new and innovative usually, but not always, just adds tremendous costs as it's new to everyone, so everyone charges a bit more, even if the new process turns out to be simple.
The zero energy home should, as much as feasible, be built with traditional building details. This allows trade partners to do what they know best, so they can focus on minimal new high-performance elements, and not just feel like they've been hired to build some experimental space ship they need to charge double for. I am pretty sure over the past 15 years we've built most types of wall systems seen in high performance housing from double walls, ICF, SIPs, to Larsen trusses, etc. What we build now looks much like a standard code home with a little exterior mineral wool or cork insulation. Let the large, well-financed, commercial projects experiment with new innovative construction technology. There's no need to reinvent the wheel one house at a time.
Keep it simple and standard, then repeat.
SA: The cost of durable triple-pane windows with sub 0.18 U-values has dropped dramatically over the past four years with the advent of high-performance windows to the US market, primarily from Germany. There are now a few companies manufacturing these windows in the US and some larger domestic companies like VPI are starting to create their own lines, which will help improve the supply and lead times locally. Air barrier tapes and airtight weather resistant barrier systems are becoming more common and the amount of vapor-open, airtight, liquid-applied membranes available locally has dramatically increased as well, which is fundamentally changing the market. As more of these products are used commercially and more trade partners pick up the skills to install them, the costs will become more normalized to industry standards and performance will increase dramatically.
Stephen Aiguier, CEO and founder of Green Hammer, speaks at the groundbreaking ceremony for Tillamook Row, a zero energy multifamily project in Portland, Oregon.
SA: Start the conversation on Day One and work together through the design and the build to make sure the details stay as simple and standard as feasible and the intent of the design and performance standards are met through to the finish line. I would also highly recommend using Earth Advantage as a zero energy standard to certify to. One huge advantage is that Earth Advantage will supply a building outreach specialist from the outsetto work with the team. The fee to get a full home certified to net zero is about $1,600, but the outreach specialist will handle all of the energy modeling and let you know if you are on track They'll also submit all the necessary forms for the builder to get up to a $4,600 cash incentive from Energy Trust of Oregon for building a zero energy home. (Editor's Note: There are energy performance professionals, also called raters, in most locations in North America to assist builders in a similar manner.) The benefits are huge and having an outreach specialist who has experience with multiple zero energy projects on the team is priceless, especially when working through all the details about how to get the project done cost effectively.
JE: What advice would you give a client beginning the process of looking for and buying a zero energy home?
JE: Do you have any advice to builders and designers who are not yet involved in zero energy home projects?
SA: From a performance standard, a zero energy style envelope is essentially the current code throughout Europe. And zero energy "ready" will be code in California starting in 2020 and is planned for the Oregon code by 2023. ("Ready" means it can meet zero energy standards if solar panels are added to the south face of the roof, or if sun were able to shine on the south face of the roof for shaded sites). If you are in the design or building industry for homes in Oregon, you have an excellent opportunity to get ahead of the market now. By incorporating zero energy ideas into your upcoming projects, you can deliver a better-than-average product while taking advantage of financial incentives and technical assistance. Or, you can kick and scream and be left in the dust.
JE: What was your experience with the financing and appraisal processes of zero energy homes you have sold? Do you have any suggestions for other builders?
SA: Builders will want assistance from Earth Advantage for the certification process and ask for Earth Advantage certified real estate agents and appraisers to help through the marketing and sale of the home. Do not over value the attractiveness of zero energy homes, it's a nascent market and consumers don't quite understand the value yet. Some studies show 4%-9% higher sale values for zero energy homes and I would still not venture far beyond that premium unless you have committed purchasers up front. A zero energy home can be built for less than a 10% cost premium if done effectively.
SA: Yes, Green Hammer homes are Earth Advantage Platinum and Zero Energy Ready or Zero Energy certified. The certifications are critical to ensure the project team understands the project goal and with the Earth Advantage certifications we had the added bonus of a third party checking on our calculations and assumptions and, with multiple project teams, it offers peace of mind to know that we have that double check from an outside party.
SA: I live in a 1922 bungalow on the National Historic Registry that I retrofitted. I am not allowed to have solar panels, so zero energy was out of the question and I was limited in how much I could impact the exterior of the home as well. I added about 1,000 sf of space by capturing living area in the basement and adding a small addition, more than doubling the previous square footage. Despite the added space, I cut the energy use of my home by 50%. In the end, my house was certified to Earth Advantage Platinum. Ultimately, my favorite upgrades are the airtight envelope (the house tested out at 1.5 ACH50 –pretty good for a 1922-built home) and my Zehnder heat recovery ventilation system. I have lived with bouts of asthma most of my life and I've never felt better since I renovated our home.
JE: What policies are needed to advance the movement toward zero energy building as standard practice in the construction industry?SA: Certainly step one is to establish airtightness and heat recovery ventilation requirements in building code for new homes. As soon as that happens, the entire market can start practicing the two most important steps of creating a zero energy home: increase the overall insulation requirements for the building envelope and start with U-0.20, or lower windows. This will drive the local window manufacturers already producing at this level, or close to it, into overdrive and will then finish off with driving down the overall u-value of the home. Then voilà! We're there! Otherwise keep in touch with Earth Advantage, the Zero Energy Project, the Net Zero Energy Coalition and the variety of passive house groups like Passive House Northwest and learn about how to best engage in upcoming legislative opportunities.


Each module plan in our curriculum follows a carefully prepared format. This format has been developed in accordance with standard lesson and module plans in middle and high school social studies. The core of each module are teaching and learning activities that follow the "5 E's" format:Engage, Explore, Explain, Expand, Evaluate. Each module and lesson also includes teacher background notes and guidelines designed to aid teachers in the most effective use of the learning and teaching activities.
Click http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/teachers/curriculum/activities.php link to open resource.


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Aggressive bipolar film 'Touched with Fire' takes Hollywood by storm
February 21, 2016 by Dan Taylor Leave a Comment
Dalio said his vision for the film is for people to see through the eyes of someone struggling from bipolar.
The semi-autobiographical feature debut of Paul Dalio's "Touched with Fire" is certainly creating an impression.
The film, which stars Katie Holmes and Luke Kirby, takes viewers through the lives of two young poets who have been hospitalized for bipolar disorder and the journey they go through that starts off destructive but ultimately brings healing, according to a Washington Post report.
Manic depression has been thrust into the limelight lately, with other films like "Infinitely Polar Bear" and "I Smile Back" also making the rounds. But this is a personal story for Dalio, who was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in his 20s. Instead of looking at bipolar through an outsider's eyes, he looks at it through his own eyes.
Dalio said his vision for the film is for people to see through the eyes of someone struggling from bipolar. He referenced Vincent van Gogh's famous "The Starry Night" painting, which was painted from the perspective of when he looked out the window of his asylum in which he was housed in 1889 through 1890.
Dalio has quite the pedigree. He graduated from New York University and studied under director Spike Lee. All throughout his studies, he was medicated to battle his bipolar order, and felt unable to write about his own experiences, preferring instead to do safe, commercial debuts as he described them, according to the report.
But after Spike Lee told him his movie was "crap," Dalio decided to look within for inspiration — and "Touched with Fire" was born.


Astron strives to best-in-class performance in all aspects of environmental management. Compliance with all applicable legal requirements and legal codes of practice is seen as a minimum standard and we work to prudently reduce emissions and waste. The Group is totally committed to continuing environmental vigilance and improved systems, controls and results such as the minimisation of all kinds of waste from mining and down streaming processes.


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Ensuring fair distribution of the $1 billion+ opioid settlement in Pennsylvania
by Aaron Wagner, Pennsylvania State University
To ensure fair and impartial distribution of the $1.07 billion that was awarded to Pennsylvania as part of 2021's massive settlement with opioid manufacturers and distributors, a team of interdisciplinary researchers from Penn State worked with counties across the commonwealth to develop the formula by which funds are being distributed. In a new publication in The Milbank Quarterly, the researchers described the process they followed to select data for decision-making, develop a formula that addressed the needs of all counties, and promote buy-in among counties. The researchers also described factors that other groups should consider when developing similar formulas and discussed lessons learned.
Overdoses have killed more than 900,000 people in the United States since 1999, according to the United States Centers for Disease Control. Eighty-two percent of those deaths were related to synthetic opioids, which research shows have been over-prescribed for pain management. Multiple legal settlements showed that dishonest and illegal practices by companies that make and distribute synthetic opioids fueled the opioid epidemic.
In 2021, four pharmaceutical companies and three distributors reached a $21 billion settlement with 46 states' Attorneys General. These funds were designated to address the crisis to which the companies' actions contributed. Pennsylvania, which was hit particularly hard by the opioid epidemic, was awarded $1.07 billion to be paid over 18 years. The Penn State team collaborated with all counties across Pennsylvania to decide how to fairly distribute the money.
Seventy percent of the funds in the settlement are being distributed directly to Pennsylvania's counties. The settlement stipulates that funds must be used for the abatement of the opioid problem, but each locality has discretion over how funds are spent within their jurisdiction. Legally, the funds may go to a wide range of programs including prevention efforts, treatment and recovery programs and more.
"Pennsylvania has experienced devastating impacts from the opioid epidemic including high rates of mortality and overdoses, strain on the criminal justice system, and burdening of social services," said Danielle Rhubart, assistant professor of biobehavioral health and demography and lead author on this publication. "The consequences were also very personal. Addiction can affect families along dimensions of food and housing security, employment stability, health and well-being, and more. It was critically important that each county get a fair share of money so that they could begin to address this tragedy."
The counties were required to drop any other lawsuits they had filed against the defendants in order to receive money from the settlement. This incentivized counties to participate, and the distribution formula created for this settlement is intended to apply to any future settlements against other defendants.
The researchers stressed that data used in this type of decision-making needs to be publicly available for all counties. Using data that is not captured in every county could mean that the needs of some stakeholders are left underestimated. Similarly, some proprietary or private data—like Medicare data—may contain useful information but could take too much time to acquire and reduce transparency and reproducibility. For these reasons, the researchers recommend that decision-makers in similar situations use publicly available data that cover all affected people and communities.
Any formula used for distributing funds had to be sensitive to stakeholder opinions and needs, according to the researchers. Their first formula relied heavily on overdose-death statistics. That formula was less favorable to some counties because it did not account for costs related to overdoses where the patient may not have died. In response, the researchers incorporated data on the amount of naloxone distributed in each county and the number of overdose-related hospitalizations.
Additionally, the researchers found that they had to consider how rural counties would fair in an allocation formula relative to more populous counties. For the smallest counties, the initial formula would have generated allocations of just a few hundred thousand dollars over the course of 18 years. Even for a small county, this amount of money would likely be insufficient to do any meaningful work to abate the opioid problem. For that reason, the final allocation formula ensured that every county received a minimum amount of money, ensuring that smaller rural counties receive sufficient funds to expand prevention and treatment in their communities.
Once the adjustments were made, all counties agreed to the proposed funding model.
"The situation is complicated, so our job was to be impartial and to develop as simple a model as possible using transparent data," Rhubart explained. "This was necessary in order to promote buy-in to the model in a timely manner. I hope that other groups working on a model like this can learn from our experience."
Dennis Scanlon, distinguished professor of health policy and administration and director of the Center for Health Care and Policy Research, had worked with Pennsylvania's government before on issues of health policy. He helped construct the team of researchers that included the expertise needed to develop the model.
"This project served an important public purpose while relying on the expertise and impartiality of a team of researchers at Penn State, Pennsylvania's land-grant institution," said Scanlon. "In service of this important mission, the team worked quickly and directly with the counties and municipalities, their legal counsels, and the Pennsylvania Attorney General's Office. Everyone on the team understood the importance of allocating this huge sum of money fairly, so that Pennsylvania can reverse the tide of the opioid epidemic."
Members of the research team included Rhubart; Scanlon; Qiushi Chen, assistant professor of industrial and manufacturing engineering; Glenn Sterner, assistant professor of criminal justice; Rob Newton, graduate student of industrial and manufacturing engineering; and Bethany Shaw, assistant director of data accelerator compliance at Penn State's Evidence-to-Impact Collaborative.
More information: Danielle Rhubart et al, Conceptualizing and Measuring Abatement from the Opioid Epidemic: A Case Study from Pennsylvania, The Milbank Quarterly (2022). DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.12589
Journal information: Milbank Quarterly
Provided by Pennsylvania State University
Citation: Ensuring fair distribution of the $1 billion+ opioid settlement in Pennsylvania (2022, November 29) retrieved 1 February 2023 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-11-fair-billion-opioid-settlement-pennsylvania.html
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