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Burma's Ethnic Christians Fear Bleak Future after Election
Military hostilities against insurgents may result in Christian casualties and persecution.
CHIANG MAI, Thailand, October 22 (CDN) — With Burma's first election in over 20 years just two weeks away, Christians in ethnic minority states fear that afterward the military regime will try to "cleanse" the areas of Christianity, sources said.
The Burmese junta is showing restraint to woo voters in favor of its proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP), but it is expected to launch a military offensive on insurgents in ethnic minority states after the Nov. 7 election, Burma watchers warned.
When Burma Army personnel attack, they do not discriminate between insurgents and unarmed residents, said a representative of the pro-democracy Free Burma Rangers relief aid group in Chiang Mai, close to the Thai-Burma border. There is a large Christian population in Burma's Kachin, Karen and Karenni states along the border that falls under the military's target zone. Most of the slightly more than 2 million Christians in Burma (also called Myanmar) reside along the country's border with Thailand, China and India.
The military seems to be preparing its air force for an offensive, said Aung Zaw, editor of the Chiang Mai-based magazine Irrawaddy, which covers Burma. The Burmese Air Force (BAF) bought 50 Mi-24 helicopters and 12 Mi-2 armored transport helicopters from Russia in September, added Zaw, a Buddhist.
Irrawaddy reported that the BAF had procured combat-equipped helicopters for the first time in its history. Air strikes will be conducted "most likely in Burma's ethnic areas, where dozens of armed groups still exert control," the magazine reported, quoting BAF sources.
"Armed conflicts between ethnic armies and the military can flare up any time," said Zaw. "However, to boost the morale of its personnel, the military is expected to attack smaller ethnic groups first, and then the more powerful ones."
Seven states of Burma have armed and unarmed groups demanding independence or autonomy from the regime: Shan, Karenni (also known as Kayah), Karen, Mon, Chin, Kachin, and Arakan (also Rakhine).
The junta has designated many areas in this region as "Black Zones" – entirely controlled by armed ethnic groups – and "Brown Zones," where the military has partial control, said the source from FBR, which provides relief to internally displaced people in states across the Thai-Burma border.
"There are many unarmed Christian residents in these zones where Burmese military personnel attack and kill anyone on sight," the source said.
A Karen state native in Chiang Mai who identified himself only as Pastor Joseph, who fled Burma as a child, referred to the junta's clandestine campaign to wipe out Christians from the country. At least four years ago a secret memo circulated in Karen state, "Program to Destroy the Christian Religion in Burma," that carried "point by point instructions on how to drive Christians out of the state," reported the British daily Telegraph on Jan. 21, 2007.
"The text, which opens with the line, 'There shall be no home where the Christian religion is practiced,' calls for anyone caught evangelizing to be imprisoned," the Telegraph reported. "It advises: 'The Christian religion is very gentle – identify and utilize its weakness.'"
Persecution of Christians in Burma "is part of a wider campaign by the regime, also targeted at ethnic minority tribes, to create a uniform society in which the race and language is Burmese and the only accepted religion is Buddhism," the daily noted.
The junta perceives all Christians in ethnic minority states as insurgents, according to the FBR. Three months ago, Burma Army's Light Infantry Battalions 370 and 361 attacked a Christian village in Karen state, according to the FBR. In Tha Dah Der village on July 23, army personnel burned all houses, one of the state's biggest churches – which was also a school – and all livestock and cattle, reported the FBR.
More than 900 people fled to save their lives.
Vague Religious Freedom
The Burmese regime projects that close to 70 percent of the country's population is ethnic Burman. Ethnic minorities dispute the claim, saying the figure is inflated to make a case for Burman Buddhist nationalism.
The new constitution, which will come into force with the first session of parliament after the election, was passed through a referendum in May 2008 that was allegedly rigged. It provides for religious freedom but also empowers the military to curb it under various pretexts.
Article 34 states, "Every citizen is equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess and practice religion subject to public order, morality or health and to the other provisions of this Constitution." Article 360 (a), however, says this freedom "shall not include any economic, financial, political or other secular activities that may be associated with religious practice," apparently to bar religious groups from any lobbying or advocacy.
Further, Article 360 (b) goes on to say that the freedom "shall not debar the Union from enacting law for the purpose of public welfare and reform."
Adds Article 364: "The abuse of religion for political purposes is forbidden. Moreover, any act which is intended or is likely to promote feelings of hatred, enmity or discord between racial or religious communities or sects is contrary to this Constitution. A law may be promulgated to punish such activity."
Furthermore, Article 382 empowers "the Defense Forces personnel or members of the armed forces responsible to carry out peace and security" to "restrict or revoke" fundamental rights.
The Burmese junta is expected to remain at the helm of affairs after the election. The 2008 constitution reserves one-fourth of all seats in national as well as regional assemblies for military personnel.
A majority of people in Burma are not happy with the military's USDP party, and military generals are expected to twist the results in its favor, said Htet Aung, chief election reporter at Irrawaddy.
Khonumtung News Group, an independent Burmese agency, reported on Oct. 2 that most educated young Burmese from Chin state were "disgusted" with the planned election, "which they believe to be a sham and not likely to be free and fair."
They "are crossing the border to Mizoram in the northeast state of India from Chin state and Sagaing division to avoid participating," Khonumtung reported. "On a regular basis at least five to 10 youths are crossing the border daily to avoid voting. If they stay in Burma, they will be coerced to cast votes."
There is "utter confusion" among people, and they do not know if they should vote or not, said Aung of Irrawaddy. While the second largest party, the National Unity Party, is pro-military, there are few pro-democracy and ethnic minority parties.
"Many of the pro-democracy and ethnic minority candidates have little or no experience in politics," Aung said. "All those who had some experience have been in jail as political prisoners for years."
In some ethnic minority states, the USDP might face an embarrassing defeat. And this can deepen the military's hostility towards minorities, including Christians, after the election, added Aung.
For now, an uneasy calm prevails in the Thai-Burma border region where most ethnic Christians live.
Posted in Buddhism, China, Christianity, India, Myanmar, Thailand	| Tagged 2008, 361, 370, abuse, accepted, act, activities, activity, advocacy, affairs, afterward, against, agency, air, air force, allegedly, along, anyone, Arakin, areas, armed, armies, army, Article 34, Article 360 (a), Article 360(b), Article 364, Article 382, assemblies, associated, attack, attacked, Aung Zaw, autonomy, avoid, BAF, bar, based, basis, battalions, believe, between, biggest, Black Zones, bleak, boost, border, Brown Zones, Buddhism, Buddhist, Buddhists, Burma, Burmese, burned, calls, calm, campaign, candidates, carry, case, cast, casualties, cattle, caught, Chiang Mai, chief, child, chin, China, Christian, Christianity, Christians, churches, circulated, citizen, claim, clandestine, cleanse, close, coerced, combat-equipped, communities, conducted, confusion, conscience, constitution, contrary, control, controlled, country, create, crossing, curb, daily, debar, deepen, defeat, Defense Forces, demanding, designated, destroy, discord, discriminate, disgusted, displaced, dispute, division, drive, economic, editor, educated, election, embarrassing, empowers, enacting, enmity, entirely, entitled, equally, ethnic, evangelizing, exert, expected, experience, face, fair, falls, favor, FBR, fear, feelings, figure, financial, first, flare, fled, forbidden, force, foreign, free, Free Burma Rangers, freedom, freely, fundamental, future, generals, gentle, group, groups, happy, hatred, health, helicopters, helm, History, home, hostilities, hostility, houses, Htet Aung, identified, identify, imprisoned, include, including, Independence, independent, India, inflated, instructions, insurgents, intended, internally, Irrawaddy, jail, Joseph, junta, Kachin, Karen, Karenni, Kayah, Khonumtung News Group, kill, language, large, launch, law, Light Infantry, likely, little, live, livestock, lobbying, magazine, majority, make, May, members, memo, military, minorities, minority, Mizoram, Mon, morale, morality, Myanmar, national, National Unity Party, nationalism, native, new, northeast, not, offensive, one-fourth, order, out, Parliament, part, partial, participating, party, passed, Pastor, peace, people, perceives, Persecution, personnel, planned, point, political, Politics, population, powerful, practice, practiced, preparing, pretexts, prevails, prisoners, pro-democracy, pro-military, procured, profess, program, projects, promote, promulgated, provides, provisions, proxy, public, punish, purpose, quoting, race, racial, Rakhine, referendum, referred, reform, regime, region, regional, regular, relief, religion, religious, religious freedom, remain, reporter, representative, reserves, reside, residents, responsible, restraint, restrict, result, results, revoke, rigged, right, rights, Sagaing, save, saying, school, seats, second, secret, sects, secular, security, seems, session, sham, Shan, showing, sight, smaller, Society, sources, states, stay, strikes, subject, target, Tha Dah Der, Thai-Burma, Thailand, through, towards, tribes, twist, unarmed, uneasy, uniform, Union, Union and Solidarity Development Party, USDP, utilize, utter, vague, various, village, voters, votes, warned, watchers, weakness, welfare, wider, wipe out, woo, young, youths, zone, zones | Leave a comment
Alleged 'Middleman' Arrested in Malatya, Turkey Murders
Two key witnesses' testimonies connect suspects to higher-level 'masterminds.'
ISTANBUL, October 21 (CDN) — A court in southeast Turkey on Friday (Oct. 15) ordered the arrest of a suspected "middleman" linking the murder of three Christian men to alleged high-level masterminds.
The arrest order came after the testimonies of a former prison inmate and an incarcerated ex-gendarmerie intelligence worker at Friday's hearing. Journalist Varol Bulent Aral – one of the suspected "middlemen" who allegedly incited five young men to stab to death Turkish Christians Necati Aydin and Ugur Yuksel and German Christian Tilmann Geske at the Zirve Publishing Co. in Malatya – was re-arrested at the hearing.
The three Christians were bound and tortured before they were murdered on April 18, 2007, at the Christian publishing house, where they worked. Suspects Salih Guler, Cuma Ozdemir, Hamit Ceker, Abuzer Yildirim and alleged ring-leader Emre Gunaydin were caught trying to escape from the scene of the crime.
Attorneys said the last hearing of the Malatya murders was productive in tracing links between the five murderers and political masterminds whom prosecution lawyers claim are behind the slayings. A key witness, Orhan Kartal, was instrumental in proving that Aral was behind the murders, lawyers said.
"Not only this witness, but Emre also accused Aral before and then changed his statement," said one of the prosecuting lawyers, Orhan Kemal Cengiz. "Before he retracted his statement, he gave details that couldn't have been fabricated. So from the beginning we saw Aral was involved but couldn't prove it."
Kartal spent two months in prison with Aral in Adiyaman in 2008, where they were both held for crimes not related to the Zirve murders. Kartal said that while in prison together Aral detailed how he had planned the attack on the Zirve publishing house by psychologically preparing the five young murderers for the gruesome act. According to Kartal, Aral said he gave the young men the weapons they used to kill the three Christians.
In Kartal's account, Aral also claimed that there was a higher figure behind him, retired Gen. Veli Kucuk. This year Aral completed his previous prison sentence. He is now again in prison as a key suspect in the Malatya murders.
In a previous statement, Aral had complained that retired Gen. Kucuk had threatened him about testifying. Gen. Kucuk has been arrested in connection with Ergenekon, a loose collection of ultra-nationalist generals, businessmen, mafia and journalists who planned to destabilize the government. Evidence in Malatya hearings over the past three years suggests that the murders were instigated by Ergenekon.
Aral has also been implicated in the Ergenekon case, the hearings of which are underway.
Prosecutors believe the Malatya murders are directly linked with a military operation called the Cage Plan within the scope of Ergenekon activities. A document entitled "Cage Plan," found on a retired general's computer, described assassinations that targeted the country's small Christian communities. The document referred to the Malatya murders as a "successful operation."
A second witness, Erhan Ozen, also in prison for other offenses, worked for the clandestine Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization (JITEM). He said that as early as 2004, JITEM personnel were planning the Malatya murders and the assassination of Armenian editor Hrant Dink.
Ozen said that after a meeting, some co-workers talked about how they were organizing an operation against the three Christians in Malatya in an effort to portray the state as ineffectual. He also testified that the rector of the local university and JITEM were monitoring the activities of the three Christian men.
"He was convincing because he gave many details that were coherent and that confirm each other, so his testimony seems to me authentic," attorney Cengiz said. "But of course, we will see."
In April the Malatya court added the Cage Plan indictment to its case file.
Prosecuting lawyer Erdogan Dogan told Compass that this is clear evidence linking the Malatya murders to the Cage Plan. For almost a year, prosecution lawyers have tried to make the case that the two court cases should be merged.
"We had progress in the case," Dogan said of the two testimonies on Friday. "They might decide to join the two cases in the next court hearing."
Judges had found the phone numbers of ultranationalist lawyer Kemal Kerincsiz and Sevgi Erenerol, spokesperson for the Turkish Orthodox Church – a Turkish nationalist denomination –in Aral's personal phone book. Both figures are accused of playing leading roles in Ergenekon and spearheaded prosecution of Christians Hakan Tastan and Turan Topal for speaking to people about their faith.
This week various media released autopsy pictures and images of police videos showing the five suspects as they walk through the blood-stained Zirve office explaining how they committed the crime.
Lawyers said they did not know who leaked these to the press, but they didn't think the images would affect the case.
"These will, however, show the country how the young men were incited and murdered the men, full of racism and hatred," said Dogan. "This will be obvious and should be noted. The state needs to urgently address the fact that these youngsters, or anyone, can become so filled with racism and hatred."
He said that acceptance and tolerance of other people's thoughts and beliefs is fundamental, and that the state should teach these values to its people.
The next hearing of the Malatya murders case is on Dec. 3.
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'Pinpricks' of Truth Making Way into North Korea
Posted on April 27, 2010 by particularkev
Citizens increasingly enlightened about world's worst violator of religious freedom.
DUBLIN, April 26 (CDN) — As refugees from North Korea and activists from Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) gather in Seoul, South Korea this week to highlight human rights violations in the hermit kingdom, there are signs that North Korean citizens are accessing more truth than was previously thought.
A recent survey by the Peterson Institute found that a startling 60 percent of North Koreans now have access to information outside of government propaganda.
"North Koreans are increasingly finding out that their misery is a direct result of the Kim Jong-Il regime, not South Korea and America as we were brainwashed from birth to believe," Kim Seung Min of Free North Korea Radio said in a press statement. The radio station is a partner in the North Korea Freedom Coalition (NKFC), which is holding its annual North Korea Freedom Week (NKFW) in Seoul rather than Washington, D.C. for the first time in the seven-year history of the event.
"We set out to double the radio listenership of 8 or 9 percent, and we've seen a dramatic increase in the number of people who have access to information," said NKFC Co-Chair Suzanne Scholte. She described the flow of information as "pinpricks in a dark veil over North Korea. Now those pinpricks are becoming huge holes."
The radio station now air-drops radios into North Korea and broadcasts into the country for five hours a day, adding to information gleaned by refugees and merchants who cross the border regularly to buy Chinese goods.
In recent years the government has been forced to allow a limited market economy, but trade has brought with it illegal technology such as VCR machines, televisions, radios and cell phones that can detect signals from across the border. Previously all televisions and radios available in North Korea could only receive official frequencies.
"The government hasn't been able to stamp out the markets, so they begrudgingly allow them to continue," Scholte confirmed. "This means North Koreans aren't relying solely on the regime anymore."
Holding the annual event in Seoul this year sends a significant message, Scholte told Compass.
"This is a spiritual conflict as well as a physical one – some people didn't want us to call it freedom week," she said. "But we're making a statement … God gives us freedom by the very nature of being human and North Koreans are entitled to that too."
All people say they would never allow the World War II holocaust to be repeated, Scholte said, "but this is a holocaust, a genocide. I firmly believe we will be judged if we fail to intervene."
The coalition hopes this week's event will empower the 17,000 strong North Korean defectors in South Korea, awaken the consciousness of the world about human rights conditions in North Korea, and inform all who are suffering in North Korea that others will "work together until the day their freedom, human rights and dignity are realized," Scholte said in the press statement.
As part of the week's activities, the coalition will send leaflets into North Korea via balloon stating in part, "In the same year the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was passed, Kim Il-Sung was ensuring that you wouldn't have any of those rights."
Religious freedom in particular is almost non-existent. The only accepted belief is Juche – an ideology that strictly enforces worship of the country's leaders.
"The regime is a perversion of Christianity," Scholte told Compass. Juche has a holy trinity just as Christianity does, with Father Kim Il-Sung, son Kim Jong-Il, and the spirit of Juche said to give strength to the people.
"Kim Il-Sung is God; a real God can't replace him," a former North Korean security agent confirmed in David Hawke's 2005 report, "A Prison Without Bars."
While four churches exist in the capital, Pyongyang, experts believe these are largely showpieces for foreign visitors.
The government has allowed token visits from high-profile foreign Christians such as Franklin Graham, president of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, who preached at Bongsu Protestant church in Pyongyang in August 2008; and two U.S. Christian bands, Casting Crowns and Annie Moses, attended and won awards at the Spring Friendship Arts Festival in April 2009.
Worship outside limited official venues is simply not tolerated, giving North Korea first place on Christian support organization Open Doors' 2010 World Watch List for persecution of Christians.
Ordinary citizens caught with a Bible or in a clandestine prayer meeting are immediately labeled members of the hostile class and either executed or placed in prison labor camps, along with three generations of their immediate family. Every North Korean belongs to either the "hostile," "wavering" or "core" class, affecting privileges from food and housing to education and physical freedom, according to Hawke's report.
There are no churches outside the capital, but the regime in 2001 estimated there were 12,000 Protestants and 800 Catholics in North Korea. In July 2002 the government also reported the existence of 500 vaguely-defined "family worship centers" catering to a population of approximately 22.7 million, according to a September 2009 International Religious Freedom report issued by the U.S. State Department.
By contrast, South Korea's Dong-A Ilbo newspaper in July 2009 put the estimate at 30,000 Christians, some NGOs and academics estimate there may be up to several hundred thousand underground Christians.
Uncertain Future
As North Korea celebrated the birthday of Kim Jong-Il on Feb. 16, rumors spread that the elderly leader, currently battling heart problems, had chosen third son Kim Jong-Eun as his successor.
Documents extolling the virtues of Kim Jong-Eun began circulating as early as November, according to the Daily NK online news agency. An official "education" campaign for elite officials began in January and was extended to lesser officials in March. One document obtained by the agency described the "Youth Captain" as being "the embodiment of Kim Il-Sung's appearance and ideology."
"Kim picked this son because he's ruthless and evil," Scholte said, "but I don't think they're quite ready to hand over to him yet. There is an uncertainty, a vulnerability."
Scholte believes this is the ideal time to "reach out, get information in there and push every possible way."
"There are many double-thinkers among the elite," she explained. "They know the regime is wrong, but they have the Mercedes, the education for their kids and so on, so they have no incentive to leave."
The coalition is trying to persuade South Korea to establish a criminal tribunal, she said.
"North Koreans are actually citizens of South Korea by law," she said. "We have to let these guys know there's going to be a reckoning, to create a good reason for them not to cooperate [with authorities]."
Those in other countries have an obligation too, Scholte concluded. "When people walk out of the camps, it will haunt us. They'll want to know, 'What were you doing?' We will be held accountable."
Article 26 of North Korea's constitution declares that the people have freedom of religion. The organizers of this year's freedom week fervently hope that this declaration will soon become a reality.
The Cross at the Border: China's Complicity in Refugees' Suffering
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) estimate anywhere from 30,000 to 250,000 refugees from North Korea are living in China, either in border areas or deeper inland. Few are Christians when they emerge from North Korea, but the whispered advice among refugees is to "head for a cross," signaling a Chinese church that may assist them, according to a February 2009 National Geographic report.
Since China will not allow the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees access to border areas, Chinese Christians work with Christian NGOs to provide an "underground railroad" moving refugees via several routes to safety, most often in South Korea.
Chun Ki-Won, director of Christian NGO Durihana, admits that some of the refugees adopt Christianity to win favor with their rescuers, but others retain and strengthen their faith on arrival in South Korea.
China insists that the refugees are economic migrants and pays police a bounty to arrest and return them to North Korea. On arrival, North Korean officials pointedly question the refugees about contact with Chinese Christians or Christian NGOs. If any contact is admitted, execution or imprisonment is likely, according to David Hawke's 2005 report, "A Prison Without Bars."
As one refugee told Hawke, "Having faith in God is an act of espionage."
Still others choose to return to North Korea with Bibles and other Christian resources at great risk to themselves. For example, officials in June 2009 publicly executed Ri Hyon-Ok, caught distributing Bibles in Ryongchon, a city near the Chinese border, South Korean activists reported.
China remains impervious to the refugees' plight.
"China fears being flooded by refugees if they show compassion," said Suzanne Scholte, co-chair of the North Korea Freedom Coalition. "But refugee flows aren't going to collapse the [North Korean] regime. If that was going to happen, it would have happened already during the famine, so their argument doesn't hold water."
She added that North Koreans don't want to leave. "They leave because of Kim Jong-Il," she said. "Those [North Korean refugees] in South Korea want to go back and take freedom with them."
Two U.S. Christians entered North Korea in recent months with the same goal in mind. Robert Park, an evangelical Christian missionary, crossed the border on Dec. 25 with a letter calling for Kim Jong-Il to resign.
Officials immediately arrested Park, according to the regime's Korean Central News Agency. He was later sentenced to eight years of hard labor but released in late February after making what many experts believe was a forced confession.
Fellow activist Aijalon Mahli Gomes entered North Korea on Jan. 25, the same news agency reported. Officials sentenced Gomes to nine years of hard labor and fined him 70 million new Won (US$518,520). At press time Gomes remained in detention.
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Islamic Assailants Kill Hundreds of Christians Near Jos, Nigeria
Fulani herdsmen strike Christian villages, slaying mainly ethnic Berom with machetes.
LAGOS, Nigeria, March 8 (CDN) — An uneasy calm prevailed in Plateau state, Nigeria today following the killing of hundreds of Christians early yesterday morning in three farming villages near Jos by ethnic Fulani Muslims.
The mostly ethnic Berom victims included many women and children killed with machetes by rampaging Fulani herdsmen. About 75 houses were also burned.
State Information Commissioner Gregory Yenlong confirmed that about 500 persons were killed in the attacks, which took place mainly in Dogo Nahawa, Zot and Rastat villages.
"We were woken up by gunshots in the middle of the night, and before we knew what was happening, our houses were torched and they started hacking down people" survivor Musa Gyang told media.
The assailants reportedly came on foot from a neighboring state to beat security forces that had been alerted of a possible attack on the villages but did not act beforehand.
The attack on Sunday is the latest in several religious clashes in the state in recent months that have claimed lives and property. Plateau state is a predominantly Christian state in a country almost evenly divided between Christians and Muslims. The Muslim minority has been contesting ownership of some parts of the state, leading to frequent clashes.
Bishop Andersen Bok, national coordinator of the Plateau State Elders Christian Fellowship, along with group Secretary General Musa Pam, described the attack as yet another "jihad and provocation on Christians."
"Dogo Nahawa is a Christian community," the Christian leaders said in a statement. "Eyewitnesses say the Hausa Fulani Muslim militants were chanting 'Allah Akbar,' broke into houses, cutting human beings, including children and women with their knives and cutlasses."
Soon after the militants besieged Dogo Nahawa, the Christian leaders said, at 1:30 a.m. they contacted the military, which is in charge of security in the state.
"But we were shocked to find out that the soldiers did not react until about 3:30 a.m., after the Muslim attackers had finished their job and left," they stated. "We are tired of these genocides on our Christian brothers and state here that we will not let this go unchallenged."
Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria (PFN) President Ayo Oritsejafor decried the attack on the Christian community as barbaric and urged the federal government to stop the killing of innocent citizens or risk a total breakdown of law and order.
"I have just returned from a trip abroad," he said. "While I was away, I was inundated with reports of another catastrophe in the Jigawa state capital, where several churches were burnt, and just as I was trying to settle down and collate reports from the field, I am hearing of another on Sunday morning."
Director of Social Communications, Catholic Archbishop of Lagos, Rev. Monsignor Gabriel Osu said the Sunday killing in Jos is a major setback for the country's effort to gain the confidence of the international community.
"Do you know that because of things like these, anywhere Nigerians travel to they are subjected to dehumanizing scrutiny?" he said. "Any act of violence at this time is totally condemned, and the government should make haste to fish out all identified perpetrators of such heinous crimes against God so that we can move forward as a people united under one umbrella."
On Friday (March 5) the National Youth President of the PFN, Dr. Abel Damina, expressed concern over cases of clandestine killings of Christians in remote parts of Plateau state by Islamic extremists and called on the federal government to retrieve sophisticated weapons in their possession.
"Even as I speak to you now, I am receiving reports that some clandestine killings are still going on in the remote areas of Plateau State by the fundamentalists," Damina reportedly said. "They pounce on Christians and kill them without anybody knowing much of their identity except that they are Christians."
He added that recently he visited the governor in Jos regarding the crisis and secured photos of Christian victims.
"Young men, Christians, were going to their farm to harvest their produce and the fundamentalists pounced on them," he said. "They were called infidels. At the last conference, we received reports with photographs of the fundamentalists using AK-47 rifles to destroy our churches. Where did they get the arms from? We have reports of truck loads of arms that had been intercepted, and we did not hear anything about them."
Posted in Africa, Christianity, Islam, Nigeria, Pentecostalism, Roman Catholicism	| Tagged Abel Damina, abroad, act, AK-47, Akbar, alerted, Allah, Andersen Bok, anybody, Archbishop, arms, assailants, attack, attackers, attacks, away, Ayo Oritsajafor, barbaric, beat, beforehand, Berom, beseiged, bishop, breakdown, brothers, burned, burnt, called, calm, capital, cases, catastrophe, chanting, charge, children, Christian, Christianity, Christians, churches, citizens, claimed, clandestine, clashes, collate, community, concern, condemned, conference, confidence, confirmed, contacted, contesting, country, crimes, crisis, cutlasses, cutting, decried, dehumanizing, described, destroy, Director of Social Communications, divided, Dogo Nahawa, down, Dr, effort, ethnic, evenly, expressed, extremists, eyewitnesses, farm, farming, federal, field, find, finished, fish out, following, foot, forces, forward, frequent, Fulani, fundamentalists, gain, genocides, God, government, governor, Gregory Yenlong, group, gunshots, hacking, happening, harvest, haste, Hausa, heinous, herdsmen, houses, human beings, hundreds, identified, identity, included, infidels, innocent, intercepted, international, inundated, Islam, Islamic, Jigawa, Jihad, job, Jos, kill, killing, knives, knowing, Lagos, latest, law and order, leaders, leading, left, lives, loads, machetes, mainly, major, media, men, middle, militants, military, minority, Monsignor Gabriel Osu, Musa Gyang, Musa Pam, Muslim, muslims, national coordinator, National Youth President, near, nearing, neighboring, Nigeria, Nigerians, night, ownership, parts, Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria, people, perpetrators, Persecution, persons, PFN, photos, Plateau, Plateau State Elders Christian Fellowship, possession, possible, pounce, predominantly, President, prevailed, produce, property, provocation, rampaging, Rastat, react, regarding, religious, remote, reports, retrieve, Rev, rifles, risk, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholics, scrutiny, Secretary General, secured, security, setback, settle, shocked, slaying, soldiers, sophisticated, started, state, State Information Commissioner, statement, stop, strike, subjected, survivor, tired, torched, Total, travel, trip, truck, trying, umbrella, unchallenged, under, uneasy, United, urged, victims, villages, violence, visited, weapons, woken, women, young, Zot | Leave a comment
Turkish Court Pushes to Close Malatya Murder Case
Posted on March 2, 2010 by particularkev
Judges reject request to investigate links to suspected masterminds.
MALATYA, Turkey, February 24 (CDN) — On Friday (Feb. 19) judges eager to wrap up the trial over the murder of three Christians here rejected plaintiff appeals to investigate the suspected masterminds behind the stabbing deaths.
At the 24th hearing regarding the 2007 murders of Turkish Christians Necati Aydin and Ugur Yuksel and German Christian Tilmann Geske in this city in southeastern Turkey, the prosecution demanded three life sentences without chance for parole for each defendant.
Judges and prosecutors pushed for a conclusion to the case that has lasted nearly three years. In the last few weeks the Istanbul prosecutors sent a police report to Malatya's Third Criminal Court linking the murders to a larger "deep state" operation led by a cabal of retired generals, politicians and other key figures called Ergenekon. The judges, however, rejected plaintiffs' requests that the Malatya court further probe into the possible links between the two operations.
In a 17-page statement, prosecutors detailed accusations against the five young defendants, Emre Gunaydin, Salih Gürler, Cuma Ozdemir, Hamit Ceker and Abuzer Yildirim, and demanded three consecutive life sentences for each of them if convicted. The five men are charged with murder, being part of a terrorist organization, holding citizens against their will and stealing.
The prosecutors' recommended sentence is the maximum possible in the case. Plaintiff and defense lawyers are to present their rebuttals to the proposed punishment at the next hearing, scheduled for April 15.
"They requested the highest possible penalty, however, we are defeated in this case when we consider that these five guys are part of a bigger plan . . . and this incident occurred as part of this plan," said plaintiff lawyer Murat Dincer in a press briefing after the hearing.
Dincer said the recommended sentence takes into account only the five young men and not the suspected high-level officials who planned the murder. He and his colleagues said bringing those behind the scenes to justice is still a possibility, and that therefore they would evaluate the proposed sentence and make their petition accordingly.
"The trial is important in the sense that we expected such a penalty, but we did not want them [prosecutors] to stop searching for connections with Ergenekon," said plaintiff lawyer Erdal Dogan.
Over the last three years, plaintiff lawyers have presented volumes of evidence showing how the Malatya murders were just one operation in a series of many targeting the country's Christian minorities in an effort to destabilize the current Islamic-leaning government.
On behalf of the team of plaintiff lawyers, Dogan told judges in court that research into a recent indictment over a stash of military artillery found on the property of a foundation in the Istanbul suburb of Poyrazkoy showed there were links to violent attacks against Christians. He cited the 2006 murder of Catholic priest Andreas Santoro in Trabzon, the kidnapping of a Syrian Orthodox priest in Mardin, the stabbing of a priest in Izmir and threats against the pastor of the Protestant church in Samsun all in the last three years.
The Poyrazkoy indictment took place within the context of the Ergenekon probes. The murder of the Armenian Christian editor of Agos in Istanbul three months before the April 18, 2007 Malatya murders has also been linked to the Ergenekon investigation.
Dogan speculated that the court decision to start bringing the trial to a close without further probes into Ergenekon links may have sprung from last week's decision by the Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors to disqualify four prosecutors in Erzurum in a judicial power struggle over other investigations into the alleged clandestine operation.
"It may be that the prosecutors are nervous because of that," said Dogan. "Because among those implicated in Malatya is an army commander, a gendarmerie commander, soldiers and professors, so it may have made them nervous in that sense. That's why they want to drop it at this point."
Plaintiff lawyers said that the latest decisions do not necessarily mean the end of investigation into the links between Ergenekon and the Malatya murders. If by the end of the Malatya murder case the Istanbul prosecutors have not outlined an action plan directing the court to pursue Ergenekon leads and the case is closed, plaintiff lawyers said they are ready to take the case to the Supreme Court of Appeals.
"But of course we wish those connections would be made here," said Dogan.
Posted in Armenia, Christianity, Germany, Islam, Orthodox, Roman Catholicism, Syria, Turkey	| Tagged 2006, 2007, Abuzer Yildirim, account, accusations, action, against, Agos, alleged, Andreas Santoro, appeals, Armenian, army, artillery, attacks, behalf, behind, bigger, briefing, bringing, cabal, called, case, chance, charged, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, cited, citizens, city, clandestine, close, closed, colleagues, commander, conclusion, connections, consecutive, context, convicted, country, court, Cuma Ozdemir, current, deaths, decision, deep, defeated, defendant, defense, demanded, destabilize, detailed, directing, disqualify, drop, eager, editor, effort, Emre Gunaydin, end, Erdal Dogan, Ergenekon, Erzurum, evaluate, evidence, expected, figures, found, foundation, gendarmerie, generals, German, government, guys, Hamit Ceker, hearing, high-level, highest, holding, implicated, important, incident, indictment, investigate, investigation, Islam, Islamic, Istanbul, Izmir, judges, judicial, justice, key, kidnapping, larger, lawyers, leaning, led, life, linking, Links, Malatya, Mardin, masterminds, maximum, military, minorities, Murat Dincer, murder, Muslim, muslims, Necati Aydin, nervous, occurred, officials, operation, organization, Orthodox, outlined, parole, part, Pastor, penalty, Persecution, petition, Plaintiff, plan, planned, police, politicians, possibility, possible, power, Poyrazkoy, present, presented, press, priest, probe, probes, professors, property, proposed, prosecution, prosecutors, Protestant, punishment, pursue, pushes, rebuttals, recent, recommended, regarding, reject, report, request, research, retired, Roman Catholic, Roman Catholicism, Roman Catholics, Salih Gurler, Samsun, scenes, searching, sense, sentences, series, showing, soldiers, southeastern, speculated, sprung, stabbing, start, stash, state, statement, stealing, struggle, suburb, Supreme Board of Judges and Prosecutors, Supreme Court of Appeals, suspected, Syrian, targeting, team, terrorist, Third Criminal Court, threats, Tilmann Geske, Trabzon, trial, Turkey, Turkish, Ugur Yuksel, violent, volumes, will, wrap, young | Leave a comment
Islamic Extremists Execute Young Convert in Somalia
Posted on November 27, 2009 by particularkev
Christian accused of trying to convert Muslim teenager found shot on Mogadishu street.
NAIROBI, Kenya, November 23 (CDN) — Islamic extremists controlling part of the Somali capital of Mogadishu this month executed a young Christian they accused of trying to convert a 15-year-old Muslim to Christianity.
Members of the Islamic extremist group al Shabaab had taken 23-year-old Mumin Abdikarim Yusuf into custody on Oct. 28 after the 15-year-old boy reported him to the militants, an area source told Compass. Yusuf's body was found on Nov. 14 on an empty residential street in Mogadishu, with sources saying the convert from Islam was shot to death, probably some hours before dawn.
"Our brother Yusuf has been murdered," the source told Compass. "His body was dumped in Yaqshid district of Mogadishu, and his body is said to be on an empty residential street."
Al Shabaab, said to have links with al Qaeda terrorists, controls parts of Mogadishu and much of southern parts of Somalia, as well as other areas of the nation.
Their accusations against Yusuf had led the extremist group to raid Yusuf's home in Holwadag district, Mogadishu, sources said. After searching his home, militia didn't find anything relating to Christianity but still took him into custody.
Before Yusuf was executed by two shots to the head, reports filtered in to the Compass source that he had been badly beaten and his fingers broken as the Islamists tried to extract incriminating evidence against him and information about other Christians. The source later learned that Yusuf's body showed signs of torture; all of his front teeth were gone, and some of his fingers were broken, he said.
"We don't know the time he was murdered, but his freshly killed body was dumped in Yaqshid district at around 4:30 in the morning of Nov. 14, and due to the will of the family we have buried the body at around 3 p.m. on Nov. 14," the source said.
The clandestine Christians could not safely identify themselves to Yusuf's Muslim family, but they were able to indirectly assist the parents in burying him with dignity, the source said.
It is not known whether under torture Yusuf revealed information about area members of the hidden church, but underground church leaders have been relocating local Christians who knew him, the source said.
"We still don't know if the Shabaab did find any new evidence from Yusuf," he said.
Yusuf's Muslim parents did not know that their son was a Christian, and they had insisted to the al Shabaab militants that he was still a Muslim, the source said. The extremists accused the family of not reporting that their son had converted to Christianity, and they ordered his mother and father to appear before an al Shabaab court.
Although the Compass source could not confirm whether the parents heeded the command, he said they most likely did as it is not uncommon for the militants to behead those who defy their orders.
"I cannot confirm if they appeared before the Islamist court, but that is highly possible," he said. "Who can dare defy them?"
The extremists have demonstrated they have no qualms about killing those they perceive to be sympathetic to any "foreign" religion, the source said. He added that the Islamic extremists did not execute Yusuf quickly only because they had no evidence against him except the testimony of the teenage boy.
"In Islam, to execute someone you need to have evidence of three witnesses, and they didn't have it," he said. "Al Shabaab is known to do whatever they like, and they don't even follow the rules of their religion they claim adherence to."
The discovery of Yusuf's body brought an end to a strenuous attempt by his family to secure his release, but they are now living in fear since al Shabaab has accused them of concealing their son's new faith.
The source said Yusuf's death was typical of the Islamic extremist group, which often pumps bullets into their victims before dumping their bodies in public places to serve as a warning to those who dare to resist its orders.
Since the ouster of dictator Siad Barre in 1991, Somalia has been without a strong central government and has been at the mercy of vicious clan-based militants. Some, such as al Shabaab, are seeking to establish a strict version of sharia (Islamic law) as they fight to oust the Transitional Federal Government of President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed that is backed by the Africa Union and Western nations.
Posted in Africa, Al Qaeda, al Shabaab, Christianity, Islam, Somalia	| Tagged 1991, accusations, accused, adherence, Africa, Al Qaeda, al Shabaab, appear, assist, attempt, backed, badly, beaten, behead, bodies, body, boy, broken, brother, bullets, buried, burying, capital, central, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, claim, clan-based, clandestine, command, concealing, confirm, controlling, convert, converted, court, custody, dare, dawn, death, defy, demonstrated, dictator, dignity, discovery, district, dumped, empty, end, establish, evidence, execute, executed, extract, extremists, faith, family, Father, fear, fight, find, fingers, foreign, found, freshly, front, gone, government, group, head, heeded, hidden, highly, Holwadag, home, identify, incriminating, indirectly, information, insisted, Islam, Islamic, Islamists, killed, killing, knew, law, leaders, Links, living, local, members, mercy, miitants, militants, militia, Mogadishu, mother, Mumin Abdikarim Yusuf, murdered, Muslim, muslims, nation, nations, new, ordered, orders, oust, ousting, parents, part, perceive, Persecution, possible, President, public, pumps, qualms, quickly, raid, relating, release, religion, relocating, reported, reporting, residential, resist, revealed, rules, safely, searching, secure, seeking, serve, Sharia, Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, shot, showed, Siad Barre, signs, Somali, Somalia, son, southern, street, strenuous, strict, strong, sympathetic, teenager, teeth, terrorists, testimony, torture, Transistional Federal Government, trying, typical, uncommon, underground, Union, version, vicious, victims, warning, western, witnesses, Yaqshid, young | Leave a comment
Imprisoned Christian in Somaliland on Hunger Strike
Convert from Islam jailed for allegedly distributing Christian literature.
NAIROBI, Kenya, October 16 (CDN) — A convert from Islam in Somalia's self-declared state of Somaliland has staged a hunger strike to protest his transfer to a harsh prison in a remote part of the country.
Osman Nour Hassan was arrested on Aug. 3 for allegedly providing Christian literature in Pepsi village, on the outskirts of the breakaway region's capital city, Hargeisa. On Sept. 9 authorities transferred him from Hargeisa to Mandere prison, 60 kilometers (37 miles) away – a difficult, week-long trip for visitors that is expensive by Somali standards.
"Hassan is in really terrible shape," a Christian source told Compass. "He is very discouraged."
In August the Muslims who accused Hassan met with his family, also Muslim, and agreed that Islamic teachers, or sheikhs, should go to see him in jail to advise him on Islamic doctrine. Two sheikhs met him in the police station cell and implored him to stop spreading Christianity. Hassan refused.
"His family together with the sheikhs requested the prison to make his situation more harsh, as a form of punishment, with the hope that he would recant the Christian faith and return to Islam," said the source on condition of anonymity. "So far the family has been silent about Hassan's situation and gives him no support."
Promotion of any religion other than Islam in Somaliland is prohibited, contrary to international standards for religious freedom such as Article 18 of the U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Article 5(1-2) of the Somaliland constitution states that Islam is the state religion and prohibits the promotion of any other faith, according to the U.S. Department of State's 2008 International Religious Freedom Report, and Article 313 outlines penalties for Muslims who change their religion.
Authorities have thwarted efforts to secure an attorney for Hassan by insisting that he cannot appeal his sentence, the source said. No Christian has ever tried to address a religious rights violation through the courts in Somaliland, he said.
"He is in need of a lawyer to help him, which seems not forthcoming," he said. "But he cannot be allowed the right to a defense anyway. He feels neglected, so he rejected to eat food to protest the mistreatment."
Local authorities have embarked on a crackdown of underground Christians in the predominantly Muslim area, according to three Somaliland Christians who have fled the country. Several underground Christians have either been killed, arrested or fled their homes as Islamists try to stop the clandestine distribution of Bibles, sources said.
Hassan was accused of providing Christian literature to a village Muslim boy, who later showed it to his family and friends. The boy's Muslim family reported the incident to the police, sources said, leading to the arrest of the 29-year-old Hassan.
"His stand is that he had only one Christian material in his possession for learning purposes and not for spreading the faith," the Christian source said. "Hassan needs a lawyer to advocate for his case, because [for someone who was once Muslim] to practice Christianity in Somaliland or another religion apart from Islam is illegal."
In spite of his discouragement, Hassan recently said he is adhering to Christ.
"I still belong to Jesus," he said. "I know one day I'm sure I will be released, and my physical health is okay, but psychologically I feel very anxious and stressed. Please continue praying for me."
Posted in Christianity, Islam, Somalia	| Tagged 2008, accused, address, adhering, advise, advocate, agreed, allegedly, allowed, anonymity, anxious, appeal, area, arrested, Article 18, Article 313, Article 5, attorney, authorities, belong, Bibles, boy, breakaway, capital, case, change, Christ, Christian, Christianity, Christians, city, clandestine, condition, constitution, continue, contrary, convert, country, Courts, crackdown, defense, difficult, discouragement, distributing, distribution, doctrine, eat, efforts, embarked, expensive, faith, family, feels, fled, food, form, forthcoming, friends, Hargeisa, harsh, health, homes, hope, hunger strike, illegal, implored, imprisoned, incident, insisting, international, International Religious Freedom report, Islam, Islamic, Islamists, jail, jailed, Jesus, killed, lawyer, leading, learning, literature, local, Mandere, material, met, mistreatment, Muslim, muslims, need, neglected, Osman Nour Hassan, outlines, outskirts, part, penalties, Pepsi, Persecution, physical, police, police station, possession, practice, praying, predominantly, prison, prohibited, prohibits, promotion, protest, providing, psychologically, punishment, purposes, recant, refused, region, rejected, released, religion, religious freedom, remote, requested, return, rights, secure, self-declared, sentence, sheikhs, showed, silent, situation, Somali, Somaliland, source, spite, spreading, staged, stand, standards, state, states, stop, stressed, support, teachers, thwarted, transfer, transferred, tried, trip, U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, U.S. Department of State, underground, village, violation, visitors, week-long | 1 Comment
TURKEY: EFFORTS TO TIE MALATYA MURDERS TO 'DEEP STATE' FIZZLE
Alleged ring-leader retracts testimony implicating suspected link to 'masterminds.'
MALATYA, Turkey, May 28 (Compass Direct News) – Prosecution efforts to tie the murderers of three Christians here to state-linked masterminds were set back on Friday (May 22) when the alleged ring-leader unexpectedly contradicted his previous testimony implicating a suspected "middleman."
As the suspected middleman between the murderers and "deep state" elements, Huseyin Yelki, was testifying at Friday's hearing, Emre Gunaydin – whose previous private testimony led to Yelki's arrest – stood up and said, "Huseyin Yelki is not guilty, he's being held in prison for no reason."
The prosecuting team and judges at the Malatya Third Criminal Court froze at the statement, and then demanded to know why he had previously implicated Yelki. Gunaydin said he did so because Yelki was a Christian missionary.
Gunaydin has also implicated Varol Bulent Aral, a journalist allegedly attached to a far-reaching political conspiracy known as Ergenekon. Aral is the second suspected middleman.
For his part, Yelki testified during the court hearing that he had met Gunaydin only once prior to the murders. According to Gunaydin's previous testimony, Yelki's brother facilitated various meetings between Gunaydin and Yelki in which they planned the knife attack on the three Christians at a Christian publishing house. During a private hearing this past winter, a judge showed Gunaydin photos of different people, and he immediately identified Yelki's brother.
Gunaydin's retraction raised suspicion among the judges that in recent months he has received visits in prison from those behind the murders who have pressured him to change his statement.
"Tell me the truth, have you spoken to anyone?" the judge barked at him.
"I swear to God, I have not!" said Gunaydin.
The judges requested a list of everyone who has visited Gunaydin and the other four suspects – Salih Gurler, Cuma Ozdemir, Hamit Ceker, and Abuzer Yildirim – while they've been in prison over the last two years. Further questioning of Yelki failed to yield clear and incriminating answers, and the judges released him.
Lead prosecuting lawyer Orhan Kemal Cengiz told Compass that records of the jail visits to Gunaydin may be inconclusive.
"These visits might be off the record [unofficial], we don't know," Cengiz said. "But we have a tiny hope that we may catch something through these records."
Yelki, a former volunteer at Zirve Publishing Co., was taken into custody in February on suspicion that he had incited the five young suspects to kill the three Christians, Turkish Necati Aydin and Ugur Yuksel, and German Tilmann Geske, in April 2007.
Cengiz called Yelki's testimony a "disaster." Even though it is apparent to the court that Yelki has had many contacts with gendarmerie intelligence, Cengiz said, he was not able to explain the nature of his calls, claiming that he wanted to speak to them about the Bible.
"We are very suspicious about him," Cengiz said. "Everyone is suspicious."
As a result of the last hearing, the court also asked for a record of all of Yelki's bank statements over the past few years to see if they point to ties with gendarmerie or other suspicious activities.
"To us it is obvious that Yelki is one of the links that connects these youngsters to upper levels," said Cengiz. "But he refused to cooperate, and in my view it is also obvious that Emre was pressured to change his statement, because in his earlier statement that he gave the prosecutor, he accused Yelki of instigating them to commit this crime. But he changed after that."
Cengiz said that Yelki made other misrepresentations, such as his claim in court to have stayed in bed for two months recovering from leg surgery, when telephone records showed he hopped between different southeastern Turkish cities during that time.
"It was obvious that he was telling a lot of lies, because he said that after the release from the hospital he rested for two months," said Cengiz, "but according to his telephone he was traveling and very intensively, actually."
Missionaries as Criminals
An undercover gendarme who works in drug and gun enforcement, Mehmet Çolak, also took the stand on Friday (May 22). Phone records show that he may have been one of the communication links between alleged masterminds and others, and his name was mentioned in an informant letter sent to the court.
His testimony, however, yielded no information helpful to prosecutors. When defense lawyers asked him which bureau of the gendarmerie follows missionary activities in Turkey, Çolak replied, "Counter-terrorism." The response typified the defense argument that the Christian victims brought the murder upon themselves by undertaking missionary activity.
In their concluding statements, defense lawyers requested that the court conduct a thorough investigation involving police, the army and gendarmerie to establish whether missionary activities are a crime. The judges rejected their request.
Prosecuting lawyers said that the lawyers have been trying to vilify missionary activities from the beginning of the case in an attempt to gain a lighter sentence for the five young men and also to make a nationalist political point.
"It is a very poor tactic," said Cengiz. "At the final hearing, they would like to make a defense that states, 'This attack was provoked … You see these people [missionaries] are trying to divide our country.' They want to say that this is an unjust provocation, and as a result these youngsters were very angry and lost their temper. But this is rubbish."
Ergenekon Trial
Hearings and investigations of Ergenekon, a clandestine nationalist group believed to have sought to overthrow the government by engineering domestic chaos, continue apart from the Malatya trial.
Two suspects arrested in relation to the case, Aral and Veli Kucuk, a retired general, have also been implicated in the Malatya murders. They were both questioned by Ergenekon prosecutors and judges earlier this month.
Nearly 140 people have been arrested in connection to the case. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan has been criticized for allegedly allowing indiscriminate arrests of people who oppose his political line and who are not connected to the "deep state" cabal.
Kemal Kerinçsiz, a Turkish lawyer famous for filing court cases and complaints against dozens of Turkish journalists and authors for "insulting Turkishness," has also been arrested in relation to Ergenekon. Kerinçsiz is responsible for the cases opened against Turkish Christians Hakan Tastan and Turan Topal, who have been on trial for two years for "insulting Turkishness" because they spoke openly about their faith.
In the next Malatya court hearing scheduled for June 19, judges expect to hear the testimony of Aral and others who have been implicated.
Although it was expected that the Malatya hearings would become part of the Ergenekon trials, Cengiz said that chances are slim if the thin evidence thus far does not become more substantial.
Yelki's release, he said, showed that although his testimony tainted his credibility, there was not enough evidence that he is connected to the case.
"My conclusion is that we're going nowhere," said a tired Cengiz, "because the powers behind the scenes were very successful in organizing everything. They organized everything, and we're going nowhere."
In order for the Malatya and Ergenekon hearings to merge, Cengiz said, the court will need something more solid than implicated names.
"We don't have something concrete," said Cengiz. "All these names are in the air … all connections show gendarmerie intelligence, but there is no concrete evidence yet, and apparently there will be none. The trouble is that it's very frustrating – we know the story but we cannot prove it."
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TURKEY: LINKS TO MASTERMINDS OF MURDERS IN MALATYA PURSUED
Posted on February 26, 2009 by particularkev
Lawyers aim to uncover size, structure of 'deep-state' conspiracy.
ISTANBUL, February 24 (Compass Direct News) – The identities of the middlemen linking the attackers and the alleged masterminds in the murder of three Christians in Malatya, Turkey are expected to take clearer focus following the latest hearing.
"These five troubled youths didn't wake up one morning and decide to commit a murder – there were others directing them," Ozkan Yucel, plaintiff attorney representing the families of the victims, told the Turkish press last week, before Friday's (Feb. 20) hearing at the Malatya Third Criminal Court in southeastern Turkey.
Two Turkish Christians, Necati Aydin and Ugur Yuksel, and a German, Tilmann Geske, were tied up and stabbed to death at Zirve Publishing Co. offices on April 18, 2007. The last several hearings of the trial have supported suspicions that others were involved in the murder besides the five youths suspected of carrying out the attack. More difficult, however, is determining the scope of the murders and the organization of its conspirators.
Plaintiff attorneys have called in a heavy slate of witnesses for the next hearing, ranging from a gendarmerie commander to an Islamic theology instructor at a nearby university. Mehmet Ulger, the former gendarmerie commander of the province, and Ruhi Abat, a theology instructor at the local Inonu University, are among the 10 people expected to testify at the April 13 hearing.
According to the Radikal daily newspaper, an anonymous letter sent to Turkish churches and obtained by the media claimed Ulger acted as an instigator to the murders and directed Abat to prepare arguments against missionary activity. The letter also implicates local politician Ruhi Polat, a member of the ultra-nationalist National People's Party and a friend of the father of alleged ringleader Emre Gunaydin.
Plaintiff attorney Hafize Cobanoglu told Compass the anonymous letter played a part in the selection of Abat and Polat as witnesses.
"In this sense, paying heed to all these people is important," she said. "However, I don't believe they will say much when they testify."
The call for new witnesses came two weeks after the arrest of two men suspected of acting as liaisons between the five suspects and the alleged "deep-state" masterminds of the attack.
Varol Bulent Aral, a journalist attached to a far-reaching political conspiracy known as Ergenekon, and Huseyin Yelki, a church-going, former volunteer at Zirve, were taken into custody earlier this month.
Aral, 32, has attempted to deflect blame for instigating the youths to commit the murders. He recently told a public prosecutor that the true force behind the killings was a gendarmerie intelligence unit established in the '80s to counter Kurdish sectarian violence in the country's southeast.
He claimed to have been approached by a member of the intelligence unit who sought his assistance. Aral said the member told him the unit would focus on three issues: missionary activity, Alevi-Sunni relations, and the Turkish-Kurd issue.
Aral claimed to have seen Gunaydin become involved with this unit, according to the daily Milliyet.
Recent court hearings, however, have produced substantial evidence that the true masterminds of the murder were members of Ergenekon, a clandestine nationalist group that sought to overthrow the current government by engineering domestic chaos.
Yelki, 34, has lived in the southern city of Adana for the nearly two years since the murder. He has had a rocky history with the leadership of Turkey's small Protestant church, which he accused of abandoning him during difficult financial times in a series of defamatory e-mails.
He volunteered for six months at Zirve, site of the brutal torture and murder of the three Christians.
Gunaydin, the suspected ringleader of the youths accused of murder – including Salih Gurler, Cuma Ozdemir, Hamit Ceker, and Abuzer Yildirim – has claimed in previous hearings that he was offered promises of state support for killing the Christians.
In the course of Friday's brief hearing, Ugur Yuksel's mother, Hatice Yuksel, stood up and loudly asserted that Gunaydin had threatened her. She did not specify the nature of these threats, and court officials told her to be silent.
The next hearing for the trial is scheduled for April 13, four days before the second anniversary of the murders. Many attorneys believe the case will be fully integrated with the Ergenekon case in the upcoming months.
Posted in Christianity, crime, Islam, Turkey	| Tagged ;province, abandoning, Abuzer Yildirim, accused, acting, activity, Adana, aim, Alevi, alleged, anniversary, anonymous, approached, arguments, asserted, assistance, attached, attack, attackers, attempted, attorney, behind, believe, blame, brief, brutal, called, carrying, case, chaos, Christian, Christianity, Christians, church, church-going, churches, city, claimed, clandestine, clearer, commander, commit, conspiracy, conspirators, counter, court, Cuma Ozdemir, current, custody, daily, death, decide, deep-state, defamatory, deflect, determining, difficult, directed, directing, domestic, emails, Emre Gunaydin, engineering, Ergenekon, established, evidence, expected, families, Father, financial, force, former, friend, gendarmerie, German, government, group, Hafize Cobanoglu, Hamit Ceker, Hatice Yuksel, hearing, heavy, heed, History, Huseyin Yelki, identities, implicates, important, Inonu University, instigator, instructor, integrated, Intelligence, involved, Islam, Islamic, issues, Istanbul, journalist, killings, Kurdish, latest, lawyers, leadership, letter, liaisons, linking, Links, lived, local, loudly, Malatya, Malatya Third Criminal Court, masterminds, media, Mehmet Ulger, member, middlemen, Milliyet, missionary, morning, mother, murders, Muslim, muslims, National People's Party, nature, Necati Aydin, newspaper, obtained, offered, offices, officials, organization, overthrow, Ozkan Yucel, people, Persecution, Plaintiff, politician, prepare, press, previous, produced, promises, Protestant, public prosecutor, pursued, Radikal, recent, relations, representing, ringleader, rocky, Ruhi Abat, Ruhi Polat, Salih Gurler, scheduled, scope, second, sectarian, selection, sense, series, silent, site, size, slate, small, southeastern, southern, specify, stabbed, state, structure, substantial, Sunni, support, supported, suspected, suspects, suspicions, testify, Theology, threatened, threats, tied up, Tilmann Geske, times, torture, trial, troubled, true, Turkey, Turkish, Ugar Yuksel, ultra-nationalist, uncover, unit, University, Varol Bulent Aral, victims, violence, volunteer, volunteered, witnesses, youths, Zirve, Zirve Publishing Co. | Leave a comment


How long does it take to recover from Mick Jagger's heart valve replacement surgery?
Of all the Stones, he seemed the least likely to gather moss. While his Rolling Stones band mates continued the hedonistic partying, Mick Jagger gave up drugs when he met his second wife Jerry Hall in the mid seventies, allegedly after she told him his heroin cigarettes would ruin his looks. Since then, the father of eight (and grandfather of five, no less) has become known for his healthy lifestyle: he rarely drinks alcohol, instead enjoying vitamins and wheatgrass shot smoothies; and he maintains his 28-inch-waist with weekly workouts with his Norwegian personal trainer, Torje Eike, doing yoga, Pilates, and up to eight-mile long runs. However, reports from US say that Jagger, the band's lead... To continue reading this article Start your free trial of Premium Access all Premium articles Subscriber-only events Cancel any time Free for 30 days then only £2 per week Try Premium Access one Premium article per week … [Read more...] about How long does it take to recover from Mick Jagger's heart valve replacement surgery?


text:
Q: Jenkins file permissions of checked out files I use the Subversion plugin for checking out.
Checked out files are getting the permissions 750 (rwxr-x---).
Can I change this somewhere?
Thank you very much.
whosit
Edit:
My system's umask is set to 0022.

A: Solution:
This fixed it: http://neeohw.wordpress.com/2013/11/27/jenkins-change-umask/
I had to add the right umask to /etc/default/jenkins.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Western University: $45 million cash announced by Liberal MP Peter Fragiskatos
Free Press Staff
Liberal MP Peter Fragiskatos (London North Centre) announced Friday a joint federal-provincial $45 million investment for Western University. The funding will go towards the construction of the Western Interdisciplinary Research Building and the Three C+ Innovation Centre.
Western University is getting a big boost from the federal and provincial governments to add two new buildings to campus.
Liberal MP Peter Fragiskatos announced Friday a joint federal-provincial $45 million investment in the university.
The funding will support the construction of the Western Interdisciplinary Research Building and the Three C+ Innovation Centre.
Western will also contribute $45 million to fund the projects.
Construction will begin in December and will be completed by April 2018, university officials said.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?php

namespace Magento\Upgrade\Test\Block;

use Magento\Mtf\Block\Form;
use Magento\Mtf\Client\Element\SimpleElement;
use Magento\Mtf\Client\Locator;
use Magento\Mtf\Fixture\FixtureInterface;

/**
 * Select version block.
 */
class SelectVersion extends Form
{
    /**
     * 'Next' button.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $next = "[ng-click*='update']";

    /**
     * First field selector
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $firstField = '#selectVersion';

    /**
     * Click on 'Next' button.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function clickNext()
    {
        $this->_rootElement->find($this->next, Locator::SELECTOR_CSS)->click();
    }

    /**
     * Ensure the form is loaded and fill the root form
     *
     * @param FixtureInterface $fixture
     * @param SimpleElement|null $element
     * @return $this
     */
    public function fill(FixtureInterface $fixture, SimpleElement $element = null)
    {
        $this->waitForElementVisible($this->firstField);
        return parent::fill($fixture, $element);
    }

    /**
     * Choose 'yes' for upgrade option called 'Other components'
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function chooseUpgradeOtherComponents()
    {
        $this->_rootElement->find("[for=yesUpdateComponents]", Locator::SELECTOR_CSS)->click();
        $this->waitForElementVisible("[ng-show='componentsProcessed']");
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


If you are looking for some shiny labels then, the silver labels are best you. The silver labels can be used on different items including jewelry, toys and even decoration items. These labels are printed from silver material or silver coating is added to them to give them silver looks.
The silver labels can be printed from different kinds of materials where paper is the most common type. The paper labels look simple but, they are the best looking silver labels. You can also choose to have the labels printed in plastic material where PVC material in silver will look beautiful.
The labels in silver are available in different shapes including rectangle, circle, square and oval but, you can also choose to have any kind of text printed by using the custom option. The die-cut option will ensure that all your labels are printed in your desired shape.
All the silver colored labels printed by us can further be personalized by choosing the stamping, embossing and foiling. The foiling can be done in silver color to make sure your labels look perfect. You can also choose from UV coating which will ensure that your silver colored labels don't lose their colors or they are less prone to scratches.
All the labels printed by us be glued from back to make sure that the labels can be used by you when you get them delivered free of cost to any location in the United Kingdom.


How do you beat Farm Heroes level 84? This page contains the solution of level 84 in episode 6 (Cloudy Cove) from the popular iOS, Android and Facebook game Farm Heroes Saga. This step-by-step walkthrough will guide you through each and every part of this game and assist you to find all secrets and solutions to complete this level.
In level 84 you have 30 moves to match 30 water drops, 30 suns, 30 strawberries and 30 onions. To earn 3 stars, you must earn at least 150,000 points. If you are not able to finish this level without using boosters, a bonus rewarder is a suggested booster to use. This booster gives all required cropsies a +1 bonus.


text:
Types of Jobs Available to Counseling Psychologists
by Sara Mahuron
Counseling psychologists generally help people with everyday problems.
Andrea Morini/Digital Vision/Getty Images
1 What is the Counseling Psychologist Job Description?
2 What Type of Positions Are Held With a Masters Degree in Counseling?
3 How Much Do PhD Psychologists Make?
4 LPC Vs. LMSW
Counseling psychologists are trained practitioners who have earned a minimum of a master's degree, although the majority have a doctorate from a program accredited by the American Psychology Association. These practitioners are qualified to counsel people dealing with emotional problems, relationship problems, substance abuse and career issues. The types of jobs available to counseling psychologists depends on the educational level and credentials of the professional. Some jobs require that a master's level counselor must work under the supervision of a doctorate level counselor.
Provide Therapy
The majority of counseling psychologists work as counselors, providing direct-client care to individuals or groups. While 34 percent are self-employed practitioners, the majority are employed by private practices, university counseling centers, nonprofit agencies and hospitals. Counselors must be licensed to practice in their state and most states require a Ph.D. in counseling psychology.
Master's level counselors can often practice under the supervision of a Ph.D. counselor. Counseling psychologists are part of a medical team and generally treat patients experiencing problems in their lives, but do not suffer from severe mental illness.
Counseling psychologists can find jobs teaching at university or college education and counseling departments. Prospects are much better for those with doctorate degrees. Jobs may include teaching undergraduate or graduate-level students, holding workshops on campus and serving in administrative positions in higher education.
Some counseling psychology professors will also work in the institution's counseling center supervising interns or seeing clients part-time. However, other prefer to stick solely to teaching and no longer practice.
Mental health or related programs are often directed by a counseling psychologist. This job entails overseeing the day-to-day functioning of the program, assessing the program, program planning, employee development, business functions and program improvement. Directors are responsible for the overall success of the program and are accountable for both the staff and clients.
Counseling psychologists can find jobs as researchers at universities, with the government and for private research companies. Jobs can include taking the lead on a research project or collaborating with a team of other researchers, including a team of interdisciplinary members.
Research jobs generally focus on improving the lives of individuals or society, which may require a greater understanding of issues and experiences. Counseling psychologists may use data that is either qualitative or quantitative, and sometimes both.
2016 Salary Information for Psychologists
Psychologists earned a median annual salary of $75,710 in 2016, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. On the low end, psychologists earned a 25th percentile salary of $56,390, meaning 75 percent earned more than this amount. The 75th percentile salary is $97,780, meaning 25 percent earn more. In 2016, 166,600 people were employed in the U.S. as psychologists.
Department of Labor Statistics: Psychologists
All Psychology Careers: Counseling Psychologist
Diploma Guide: Becoming a Counseling Psychologist -- Salary and Job Description
Cornell University Arts and Sciences Career Services: Clinical and Counseling Careers in Psychology
Psychology Career Center: Counseling Psychologist
Big Future: Major -- Counseling Psychology
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: Occupational Outlook Handbook: Psychologists
Career Trend: Psychologists
Sara Mahuron specializes in adult/higher education, parenting, budget travel and personal finance. She earned an M.S. in adult/organizational learning and leadership, as well as an Ed.S. in educational leadership, both from the University of Idaho. Mahuron also holds a B.S. in psychology and a B.A. in international studies-business and economics.
Mahuron, Sara. "Types of Jobs Available to Counseling Psychologists." Work - Chron.com, http://work.chron.com/types-jobs-available-counseling-psychologists-12793.html. Accessed 18 January 2020.
Mahuron, Sara. (n.d.). Types of Jobs Available to Counseling Psychologists. Work - Chron.com. Retrieved from http://work.chron.com/types-jobs-available-counseling-psychologists-12793.html
Mahuron, Sara. "Types of Jobs Available to Counseling Psychologists" accessed January 18, 2020. http://work.chron.com/types-jobs-available-counseling-psychologists-12793.html
What Kind of Job Can I Get With a Doctorate in Social Work?
Cognitive Psychologist Job Description
Cultural Psychology Careers
Jobs for People With a Doctorate in Human Sexuality
Psychiatry Salary vs. Psychology
What Careers Deal With Helping Addicts?
What Are the Salaries for Degrees in Psychology?
Tier Levels of Professional Clinical Counselors
Careers in Biological Psychology
Job Description for an Addiction Psychologist
Psychologists Vs. Sociologists


This paper Easter wreath is easy enough for kids to make and cute enough for you to make.
How cute will this wreath look with all your Easter decor! I love the bright and cheery colors and patterns! You can't help but be happy when surrounded by the colors of spring.
Note on cookie cutter: the cookie cutter used for this project was for 4 inches high and 3 inches across the middle-we traced the inside of the cookie cutter.
1. Cut the inner portion from the paper plate, so that your have the outer portion intact.
2. If your paper has a design on it, turn it over and trace the cookie cutter onto the paper for a template.
3. Cut the eggs from the paper and glue onto the back of the paper plate wreath.
4.Cut a piece of ribbon, make a bow, use a glue dot, and attach to the top of the wreath.
5. Cut another piece of ribbon, form a loop, use a glue dot, and attach to the back of the wreath.
6. Hang and enjoy for Easter.
Sign up to receive notifications of new posts and exclusive subscriber freebies.
Hi! I'm glad to found your blog! Is just lovely!
So cute Kim – I love this 🙂 Thanks for allowing me to share in my Easter Roundup!
Suzie, I got it the paper at Hobby Lobby last spring.
Such a cute idea! Going to use with my daughter's 4H group! Thank you!


Around 12:30 on Friday, 140 Ni'lin villagers, together with international and Israeli solidarity activists, gathered after the prayer to demonstrate against the Apartheid Wall. The march went through the fields of Ni'lin and reached the wall site without incident. The Wall was finished in May 2009 as an electric fence with video cameras and a road where the army patrol. Although it seems finished, last Monday Israeli forces began adding 8 meter high blocks of concrete. Right after the demonstrators have reached the wall, several army jeeps started shooting, using the multiple tear gas machine. Israeli soldiers kept shooting tear gas grenades from the road at the demonstrators and eventually they came into the fields through a Wall gate and threatened the protesters with live ammunition guns. All internationals and Israelis left around 5pm, although the demonstration went until 7pm. During the time that there were just Palestinians in the fields, Israeli soldiers used the high velocity tear gas projectile and live ammunition. The high-velocity tear gas canister was not used in Ni'lin since the end of May when Basem Abu Rahme, a Bil'in demonstrator was murdered with one.
In total, 38 people have been shot by Israeli forces with live ammunition in Ni'lin: 9 were shot with 5.56mm caliber live ammunition and 29 were shot with 0.22 caliber live ammunition.


text:
using Csla;
using Csla.Rules;
using MyVote.BusinessObjects.Contracts;
using MyVote.BusinessObjects.Core;

namespace MyVote.BusinessObjects.Rules
{
	internal sealed class CanDeletePollRule
		: AuthorizationRuleCore
	{
		internal CanDeletePollRule()
			: base(AuthorizationActions.DeleteObject) { }

		protected override void Execute(AuthorizationContext context)
		{
			var pollUserId = (context.Target as IPoll).UserID;
			var currentUser = ApplicationContext.User.Identity as IUserIdentity;

			context.HasPermission = currentUser != null && (
				currentUser.IsInRole(UserRoles.Admin) || currentUser.UserID == pollUserId);
		}
	}
}


text:
title: Plants we have in our garden
short_title: Plants
---

{% include list-of.html things = 'plants' %}


text:
Q: ubuntu 18.04 vpn mtu How could I make it permanent? vpn it's work but Some sites cannot be accessed
but every time I connect to my VPN, I should run
"sudo ifconfig ppp0 mtu 1500"
How could I make it permanent?

A: You need to edit the interfaces file present under "/etc/network/"
vi /etc/network/interfaces

Add the MTU size like below
mtu 9000

Run the following command
/etc/init.d/networking restart

I got this information from https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/centos-rhel-redhat-fedora-debian-linux-mtu-size/


The forthcoming Ashes Series to be held in England from July 2015 may well be the most important in living memory.
The Indian Cricket team has got one step closer to winning their first One Day International series in England in about two and half decades.
Yesterday, in the third ODI game of the ongoing series, the men in blue secured a 6-wicket victory.
It was the ODI specialists who blossomed for India with Suresh Raina leading the way again.
On a slow track which spun more than anyone would have expected, England couldn't reach a fighting score batting first despite getting a good start.
Most of the middle order English players, including their newest superstar Joe Root, showed impotency against the turning ball. They seemed to be lacking the skills of milking the spinners and building the innings. It was just about block or slog for them and that's never a good way of playing the slower bowlers especially on a slow pitch.
India might well have been chasing a score of less than 200 if they had not provided some easy deliveries to the English tail-enders towards the end of the innings.
Nevertheless, 228 was not a challenging target at all and once the hosts were off to a flyer thanks to Ajinkya Rahane, England was almost out of the game.
Only one of the Indian batsmen got a half century, but, three others chipped in with 40 odd and a collective effort saw the visitors going up by 2-0 in the series.
The next match is scheduled to be played on the upcoming Tuesday at Edgbaston, Birmingham and the pitch there also is known to be helpful to spin bowling. So, India will have a good chance to seal the series there.
After the ODI series, there is a T20 match to be played as well which would mark the end of this long England tour for India.
The captain of the Indian cricket team, MS Dhoni, has said that he would not mind seeing a green top at Lord's Cricket Ground for the second match of the ongoing test series between India and England.
The first match which was played on a dead wicket at Trent Bridge had finished as a draw. Nobody from the Indian camp or from the English camp for that matter was happy with the kind of surface produced there.
The bowlers had an absolute nightmare there. Neither did they get lateral movement nor did they get any bounce and as a result of that, whenever they induced the edge, it fell short of the fielders.
According to Dhoni, a country should always produce wickets for which it is known. For example- England is known for seaming wickets and thus there should be always be grass on their wickets. Similarly, on Indian tracks, there should always be some turn available.
The English captain, Alastair Cook, also had something similar to say when he was asked what kind of wicket he would like to see at Lord's.
Retired cricket legend Sachin Tendulkar has said that he is very excited about the opportunity to pair up with West Indian legend Brian Lara for an exhibition match at the fabled Lord's stadium in England to mark its bicentennial.
The news was confirmed by the Marylebone Cricket Club or MCC that owns the stadium when it said that Lara would join a star studded team skipper by the Indian legend which also features yesteryear stars like Rahul Dravid of India as well as present cricketing icons such as Aaron Finch of Australia and Saeed Ajmal of Pakistan.
According to a news agency in India, Tendulkar was quoted as saying that he and Lara have played together previously back in 1994 at the Sky Dome and had a solid partnership back then and he is looking for something similar when the two take the field at Lord's in July.
The MCC XI is set to play against a Rest of the World team which will be captained by former Australian legend Shane Warne and also featuring the likes of Sri Lankan spin maestro Mutthiah Muralitharan and former England batsman Kevin Pietersen.
According to Tendulkar, it was an absolute joy to watch Lara bat and he always liked to see him scoring heavily, but not against India.
Lara and Tendulkar have always been considered as two of the greatest batsmen of their generation, with opinions divided among cricket lovers on who remains the best among the two.
And in that case, the odds are stacked against Lara where as Tendulkar has broken every record possible during his 24 long years as a part of the Indian national team, scoring over 20,000 runs and 100 centuries in both forms of the game.
The Indian retired from cricket after his 200th test last year.


text:
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *

import os

from geopicardie.utils.plugin_globals import GpicGlobals
from geopicardie.gui.gpic_dock import GpicDockWidget
from geopicardie.gui.about_box import AboutBox
from geopicardie.gui.param_box import ParamBox
from geopicardie.nodes.treenodefactory import FavoriteTreeNodeFactory
from geopicardie.nodes.treenodefactory import downloadResourcesTreeFile

class PluginGeoPicardie:
  """
  Plugin class.
  """

  def __init__(self, iface):
    """
    Plugin initialisation.
    A json config file is read in order to configure the plugin GUI.
    """

    self.iface = iface

    GpicGlobals.Instance().setPluginPath(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    GpicGlobals.Instance().setPluginIFace(self.iface)
    GpicGlobals.Instance().reloadGlobalsFromQgisSettings()

    config_struct = None
    config_string = ""

    # Download the config if needed
    if self.needDownloadResourcesTreeFile():
      downloadResourcesTreeFile(GpicGlobals.Instance().CONFIG_FILE_URLS[0])

    # Read the resources tree file and update the GUI
    self.ressources_tree = FavoriteTreeNodeFactory(GpicGlobals.Instance().config_file_path).root_node

  def needDownloadResourcesTreeFile(self):
    """
    Do we need to download a new version of the resources tree file?
    2 possible reasons:
    - the user wants it to be downloading at plugin start up
    - the file is currently missing
    """

    return (GpicGlobals.Instance().CONFIG_FILES_DOWNLOAD_AT_STARTUP > 0 or
      not os.path.isfile(GpicGlobals.Instance().config_file_path))

  def initGui(self):
    """
    Plugin GUI initialisation.
    Creates a menu item in the menu of QGIS
    Creates a DockWidget containing the tree of resources
    """

    # Create a menu
    self.createPluginMenu()

    # Create a dockable panel with a tree of resources
    self.dock = GpicDockWidget()
    self.dock.setTreeContents(self.ressources_tree)
    self.iface.addDockWidget(Qt.RightDockWidgetArea, self.dock)

  def createPluginMenu(self):
    """
    Creates the plugin main menu
    """

    plugin_menu = self.iface.pluginMenu()
    self.gpic_menu = QMenu(u"GéoPicardie", plugin_menu)
    plugin_menu.addMenu(self.gpic_menu)

    show_gpic_panel_action = QAction(u'Afficher le panneau GéoPicardie', self.iface.mainWindow())
    show_gpic_panel_action.triggered.connect(self.showGpicPanelMenuTriggered)
    self.gpic_menu.addAction(show_gpic_panel_action)

    param_action = QAction(u'Paramétrage…', self.iface.mainWindow())
    param_action.triggered.connect(self.paramMenuTriggered)
    self.gpic_menu.addAction(param_action)

    about_action = QAction(u'À propos…', self.iface.mainWindow())
    about_action.triggered.connect(self.aboutMenuTriggered)
    self.gpic_menu.addAction(about_action)

  def showGpicPanelMenuTriggered(self):
    """
    Shows the dock widget
    """
    self.dock.show()

  def aboutMenuTriggered(self):
    """
    Shows the About box
    """

    dialog = AboutBox(self.iface.mainWindow())
    dialog.exec_()

  def paramMenuTriggered(self):
    """
    Shows the Param box
    """

    dialog = ParamBox(self.iface.mainWindow(), self.dock)
    dialog.exec_()

  def unload(self):
    """
    Removes the plugin menu
    """

    self.iface.pluginMenu().removeAction(self.gpic_menu.menuAction())