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Put your travel budget on steroids 💪
It goes without saying that when it comes to travelling, money is a deciding factor in where we stay, what we do, and how we eat. Some want to splash out after two
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Customers are funding their crypto accounts with Revolut
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Malaysians in Singapore make up the largest Malaysian diaspora community in the world. They are also the largest foreign community in Singapore. The World Bank estimated in 2018 that Malaysians living in Singapore
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More than 100,000 Indian expats call Singapore home. Their remittances represent an important source of income for their loved ones who use the money to pay for education, medical care, and other
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Based on data tracked from March 1 to May 31, 2021, Singaporeans chomped through an average of S$32 on food delivery every day. As predicted, the number of people getting food delivered
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In February 2021, a survey by Expedia showed that Singapore is the most vacation-deprived country in the world. So when we did a global survey around travel attitudes two weeks ago, let's just
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Starting today, Revolut will be waiving fees on remittance payments made to India for 30 days. This temporary waiving of fees is intended to help individuals who remit to India to support families
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By now, you would have received an email or an in-app notification informing you of the new fees we've introduced to international transfers. If you regularly send money overseas - whether to friends
Money looping/ credit monetization - Frequently asked questions
Money looping or credit monetization refers to a customer making excessive (frequency and amount) credit card top-ups to their Revolut wallet and withdrawing a similar amount to their or another person's bank account or Revolut account.
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Introducing your Revolut virtual account
Receive money direct to your Revolut account from any Singapore bank. And best of all, it's completely free!


Imagine having the perfect home designed just for you. Having a home built from scratch is the perfect opportunity to enjoy a home that is exactly right for you and your family's needs and lifestyle. Whether you want an old fashioned rambling family home or a bright modern pad with lots of light, you'll find options to help you achieve it. If energy saving or using low impact eco friendly materials are a priority for you, you can incorporate those too.
When it comes to building materials, there are a lot of options at your disposal. With professional advice you'll be able to weigh up the pros and cons of each, to decide what is best for your home. A wood frame is a common choice for your home, though steel and concrete blocks are also an option. Your choice of siding materials will depend on your budget, the climate where you live, and how you want your house to look. Stucco and brick are classic long-lasting choices, but wood also offers many advantages.
You'll find there are countless options for the interior of your home, depending on what you like and what is important to you. You can position a family room to make the most of natural light, or the kitchen at the heart of your home. There are lots of high quality factory made options for the cabinetry in your home, such as in your bathroom and kitchen, or you can have custom made cabinets designed for your new home. Details such as lighting, storage and cabinets are an important part of having your home built, giving it character and usability.
You'll also be able to choose flooring and decoration options that are just right for you. There are some attractive modern vinyls and carpets on the market today, and of course you can add natural stone or wood floors to some of the rooms if you want a rustic look.
When it comes to the outside of your home, you might like to consider integrating a deck, porch or sunroom to provide a link between inside and outside and give you a place to sit and enjoy your garden when the work is done and your home is built.
If you're looking for a home that is perfect for you and suits your budget too, a new build can give you exactly what you are looking for.


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Billy Sherrill, Legendary Country Producer, Has Died
Billy Sherrill, the Nashville producer who pioneered the lush "Countrypolitan" sound and worked with many of country's great artists, has died. He was 78 years old, The Tennessean reports. According to his daughter, Sherrill passed away this morning "following a short illness."
Sherrill was born in Alabama and moved to Nashville in the early '60s, where he became an in-house producer for Epic Records. He began working with artists such as David Houston, Charlie Rich, the Staple Singers, George Jones, and Tammy Wynette, who he's credited with discovering. He produced and co-wrote Wynette's "Stand by Your Man" and produced Jones' "He Stopped Loving Her Today" and "The Grand Tour", among many other classic songs.
Later in his career, Sherrill worked with artists like Johnny Cash, Elvis Costello (on Costello's Almost Blue LP), and Ray Charles (on Charles' Friendship LP). In 2010, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Adrian Grenier Cut Off His Hair (Prepare To Mourn the Loss of His Signature Shag)
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Coupled Up Peasant Blouses And Bohemian Sandals

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True Wireless in-ears with Noise Cancelling and Transparency Mode
Studio Buds are the first True Wireless headphones from Apple subsidiary Beats. With their debut, the manufacturer wants to delight the iOS community with a low-cost AirPods alternative, as well as convince Android devotees with an almost identical feature set.
The cardboard box, proclaimed as being especially sustainable, contains a charging case together with a pair of in-ears, a 22-centimetre short USB-C to USB-C charging cable, silicone earpieces in sizes S, M and L, as well as the usual info in printed form: quick-start guide, safety instructions, the obligatory Beats sticker and a code which can be redeemed to give three months of Apple Music for free.
With a length of 7.2 cm and a width of 5.1 cm, the charging case is larger than that of Apple AirPods Pro, but still fits well in the hand, and fits in any pocket. The workmanship is of the usual high quality. The earpieces attach smoothly to the case thanks to magnets, and even when they're not in the case, they attach to each other magnetically so that nothing gets lost.
The Studio Buds are inserted into the ear with a slight twist and already provide very good passive noise cancellation when worn with the corresponding ear tips. A helpful bar helps you to grip the buds, but sometimes audible feedback loops can occur when the buds are pressed in; it's also possible to inadvertently trigger a command.
The lightweight earbuds weigh only about five grams each. Due to their "raised" design, they protrude a bit from the ears, but as a fan of wearing beanies, I did not notice any particularly pressure discomfort. Another advantage: since the control is via mechanical buttons, the Studio Buds can be operated when covered by headgear.
At first glance, the design of the Studio Buds appears unusual, as the ear tips, which can be either matt black, white or red, taper off to form a shiny bar in a matching colour, which bears the familiar company logo and is responsible for the controls. This bar does not react to touch and swipe gestures. It is designed as a "classic" push button – with a pleasant pressure point.
The controls are fairly conventional: play, pause, accepting or rejecting calls are all done with a single press, track forward with a double press, skip back with a triple press and switching between Noise Cancelling, Transparent and Normal mode is done by pressing and holding. For an Apple user, however, that's not quite it, because if you want to fast-forward or rewind within a song, you can do that too. Android users don't get the use of this feature. But neither user can alter the volume directly on the headphones. The only option here is to reach for your player or – thanks to Siri and Google Assistant support – use your voice.
According to the manufacturer, these headphones last up to eight hours without noise cancelling, five with active noise cancellation. The charging case can hold two additional charges so that theoretically, you get 15 hours of total runtime with noise-cancelling activated or 24 hours without NC and without transparency mode. In our practical tests, these values were not achieved; we had to refuel the Studio Buds' lithium-ion batteries after about four hours and 20 minutes (NC on). Thanks to Fast Fuel, five minutes of charging gave about one hour of playback time.
The LED integrated into the case flashes red; when the battery is full, it lights up white. There is no such indicator on the headphones themselves, but a status tone warned us in good time that the battery was running low. And while the free Beats app for Android can display the charging status of both the headphones and the case, iOS users only have the option of setting up the appropriate battery widget.
Bluetooth and pairing
Beats uses the latest Bluetooth version 5.2 for Studio Buds and transmit with the SBC and AAC codecs. In our practical tests, the wireless link remained stable up to about 32 metres in open spaces; in closed rooms, we heard the first dropouts when we entered the third room (about 12 metres).
Initial pairing was done at the touch of a button: open the case, press the button and a pop-up (only animated in iOS) of the case and the headphones appears, including a setup prompt. And here, what we have already hinted at in the introduction, becomes clear: Apple, or Beats, no longer make a distinction between iOS and Android. The setup process is the same on both platforms. But while Apple users can simply complete the subsequent configuration options in the Bluetooth menu under "Settings", Android users have to resort to using the app. It must also be said that there is not very much to configure here, as only the name of the headphones and the press-and-hold function (noise control/voice assistant) can be changed.
It's worth noting that Beats forgoes using core technologies from the parent company for a product costing just under 150 euros. The H1 chip developed by Apple with ten audio cores is not used in these headphones. The manufacturer refers to a "special audio platform" which is used to achieve feature parity between iOS and Android – with the result that both the Find function under iOS ("Where is?") and Android ("Find my device") are supported.
Accompanying this there are a few limitations unlike with the Apple AirPods Pro or any other headphones with W1 or H1 chips: For example, the Studio Buds can't play in tandem with other Apple and Beats headphones via audio sharing. They also lack iCloud syncing which would allow them to switch to other Apple devices within seconds.
Since the Studio Buds have to make do without acceleration sensors, Spatial Audio does not work with cinematic content, but it does with Apple Music. Other headphones can also handle the latter function. Finally, they do not have the handy in-ear detection feature, which would pause the game when the headphones are removed from your ears or resume when they are reinserted.
Beats uses two wave-focused microphones (beamforming) on each side of the earpiece, which transmit the user's voice cleanly and clearly to the other caller and includes wind noise filtering. If you were looking forward to having the wind cancelled out when cycling then you will, unfortunately, be disappointed, because the Studio Buds don't do that. But there is at least a noticeable reduction when NC is activated, and in this respect, they are almost on a par with the Apple AirPods Pro.
The bass kicks into the ears with fullness and presence, creating a decent pressure build-up. It is neither overbearing, as we experienced with older Beats models, nor does it radiate into the lower mid-range to such an extent that important sound information is lost. On the contrary, tonality is always present, even in the lowest registers, so that kicks and bass lines can be clearly recognised.
Mids build cleanly on this but show slight weaknesses in the upper midrange. Voices are present, which benefits spoken content, and treble has a nice balance of effervescence and dryness, so listening fatigue was kept within pleasing limits. We only noticed a sharpness in the highs on a few extremely spikily mixed songs.
All that remains to be said: The tuning of these headphones has been successful!
In terms of three-dimensionality, there's not much to complain about either. Due to their design, in-ears do not deliver as much three-dimensionality as over-ears, so that the virtual stage in the head does not seem particularly large. But sound events travelling through the room or the decay of large reverberation chambers can always be tracked.
Noise cancelling and transparency mode
When the single-stage noise cancelling is activated, the built-in electronics cancel out a wide range of noise. Our standard test with different types of noise (white, pink, brown) again nicely shows the effectiveness of the technology used, as it is mainly the low-frequency components that disappear, while the mids and highs experience a more slight cancellation.
The noise cancellation is not quite as effective as that of the Apple AirPods Pro, but it does a good job. For example, the voice of someone on the phone in the next room sounds thin and quiet, and engine noise, train rides and other sound events are also muffled.
The Studio Buds' transparency mode does not sound as natural in direct comparison with that of the AirPods Pro, but train announcements or conversations remain intelligible. Unfortunately, there is noticeable background noise, but it is only annoying when no music is playing.
1 year ago by Pete Schloßnagel
Beats has taken a new direction with the Studio Buds that are sure to please! Finally, there are (almost) no disadvantages for Android users, even if the trade-off is doing without Apple's H1 chip technology. It's a shame that convenient features like iCloud Sync are missing, but these Beats headphones still feel like a real Apple product. Which is not necessarily a bad thing. In any case, Beats didn't make any major mistakes with this product, and the sound, noise cancelling, and compatibility are all impressive.
If you thought Apple AirPods Pro were too expensive or too inflexible, the Studio Buds now offer an affordable and comparable alternative.
Ear couplingIn-ear
Typeclosed
Transducer principledynamic
Weight without cable5 g each, case: 48 g
Cable length22 cm
3 pairs of earpieces (S, M, L)
Charging case
available in black, red or white
BT codecs: SBC, AAC
BT version: 5.2
remote with mic
sweat resistant
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Some pretty amazing people came to Get Jack'd at Sports Creek a few weeks ago! Sports Creek is one of my favorite places in Houston. They opened summer of 2017, and I have enjoyed having friendly soccer matches on their signature blue fields with friends, playing sand volleyball with my old roommate, teaching bootcamp classes on the weekends, and checking out their Blue Field Market on Saturdays.
With yards of blue turf and white sands, either were ideal to host the next TTN fitness event! Halloween was right around the corner, so, of course, I wanted to use pumpkins instead of dumbbells! Each did all exercises, like thrusters, mountain climbers, push-ups, Russian twists, and woodchoppers with one, while in the sand, to amp up the challenge.
Thank you to each of you that came out and helped raise money for cancer research institute to find immunotherapies to end cancer!
Thank you to our awesome sponsors for making Get Jack'd possible.
Thank you, Sports Creek, for providing the space and beer! Thank you to Vital Kitchen for providing the carrot cake power packs and to Wipala Snacks for the superfood bars! Thank you, DJ JNastic, for always spinning the best beats for us to work out and dance to!
Check out photos from the event taken by Duy Takes Photos! I want to make fitness fun, while helping a good cause, and I am happy you all wanted to be a part of that! Until the next party, subscribe to my newsletter on my homepage to get an update of my next event and new blog posts. Stay TTN!
Outfit c/o Carbon38 - Use my code TERESANGU50 for 20% off your purchase!


Kristen Jordan is the behavioral health budget section manager for the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. In this role, she is responsible for the coordination and oversight of all budget and financing for Michigan's behavioral health programs. Kristen has played a key role in informing department decision-making around expanding access to and availability of behavioral health services in Michigan.
Kristen began her career in civil service 18 years ago in the Michigan Department of Transportation and has also worked for the Michigan Department of Natural Resources. She holds a bachelor's of business administration degree, with a focus on accounting, and is looking forward to the experience and opportunities that the CHRT fellowship provides.


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Town & Village
Stuyvesant Town, Peter Cooper Village, Gramercy, Waterside
Around & About
Zephyr Teachout makes debut in improv comedy to blast IDC
Zephyr Teachout socks it to the State Senate's breakaway Democrats in "Drunken Civics." (Photos by Maria Rocha-Buschel)
By Maria Rocha-Buschel
Zephyr Teachout, the law professor who challenged Governor Andrew Cuomo in the last gubernatorial election, lent a helping hand to a new show at the People's Improv Theater called "Drunken Civics," borne out of the 2016 election results and combining comedy and learning about local government. Teachout appeared in the show on Monday evening at the theater on East 24th Street to discuss the Independent Democratic Conference (the Senate breakaway Democrats who are aligned with Republicans).
"I guess how this works is that I'll say things and they make fun of me, which is kind of what it was like running for governor," Teachout told the crowd, who chuckled in response.
The show was separated into acts where the speaker went through discussion points on the main topic and the group of improvisers then picked up on points to create a handful of scenes. Teachout used her time to explain that due to the IDC, despite a small Democratic majority in the Senate, progressive legislation is frequently blocked in the state.
"Drunken Civics" co-creator Rich Hollman
She also expressed frustration in one of her segments about the power wielded by this small group, who she feels has been blocking a Democratic agenda in endeavors such as eliminating the LLC loophole and enacting voting reforms.
A resulting sketch played off of the upcoming Halloween holiday, with one improviser acting as a trick-or-treater who said, "I will accept candy… or money if you're an LLC."
After Teachout said IDC members were just Republicans in disguise, another would-be trick-or-treater played along, saying, "I'm a Republican but I'm dressed as a Democrat."
Later, Teachout said that she enjoyed the experience and although she didn't technically participate in the improv section of the show, she said she can see similarities between that and her work as a lawyer.
"I feel like we're all improvising now," she told Town & Village, referring to the current political climate. "I'm trained to always say what's wrong with a situation and like with improv, you build on what you already have. That's what's so great about improv."
The show itself was created by actors and activists Rich Hollman and Jeanine T. Abraham through their group, The Rights Factory, a collection of artists who want to get involved politically. The performance on the IDC was the group's third show, and previous performances covered healthcare reform and the fourth amendment.
"We created this group The Rights Factory as a bunch of artists who came together for catharsis and then figured if we added alcohol and improv we could make it a thing," Abraham said at the beginning of the most recent performance.
One of the sketches in the show, which took place on Monday at People's Improv Theater
Hollman, who works as an actor and performs in the Drunken Civics shows, used to teach classes at the theater and has been performing there for the last eight years, so having the show there seemed like a natural fit.
"I was just trying to get together with people and not just curse on Facebook all the time," he said of creating the group. "And on each of (the three) stages (at the PIT), there are three or four shows per night, so they're always looking for shows. Back in November when the group started, it was just my friends but in terms of creating a show, this was the most convenient."
The group also partnered with a handful of advocacy organizations, including Hindsight 2020, CTZNWELL, Empire State Indivisible, Northwest Bronx Indivisible, Move On/Indivisible Upper West Side, NO IDC NY and TrueBlue NY to offer a happy hour before the show and provide information about local elections.
Posted by Maria Rocha-Buschel in Entertainment, Politics
Tagged: IDC, jeanine t. abraham, People's Improv Theater, rich hollman, the rights factory, Zephyr Teachout
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2 thoughts on "Zephyr Teachout makes debut in improv comedy to blast IDC"
Barry Shapiro says:
Great. Maybe next she can do a few riffs on Simcha Felder.
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Will Nintendo Switch Have Netflix
Can you get the DirecTV app on a Vizio Smart TV?
The app is not available for your Vizio. Only certain Samsung TVs can use the app for DIRECTV STREAM.
As one of the most popular video game consoles in modern times, it's no surprise that people are wondering if the Nintendo Switch will get Netflix. As Netflix continues to focus more on streaming services, this is a logical question to ask.
What is Netflix?
Netflix is a streaming service that allows users to watch shows, movies, and other content on their devices. It is one of the most popular streaming services in the world and has gained massive amounts of subscribers over the years.
Will the Nintendo Switch Have Netflix?
At the moment, the Nintendo Switch cannot access Netflix. While the Switch can access streaming services such as Hulu and YouTube, Netflix is not included in the lineup.
Nintendo has not yet released any official statement regarding whether or not the Switch will eventually be able to access Netflix, so for now we can only speculate. However, there is a good chance that it will eventually be added to the Switch's lineup of streaming services.
Why is Netflix Not on the Nintendo Switch?
The main reason why Netflix is not available on the Nintendo Switch is that the service requires a lot of power, and the Switch's hardware is not capable of providing enough power to run Netflix.
In addition, Netflix has only recently begun to focus on providing services for video game consoles, so it is likely the company has not yet had the opportunity to develop a Netflix app for the Switch.
At this time, Netflix is not available on the Nintendo Switch. However, as Netflix continues to expand its streaming services and as the Switch continues to evolve and become even more powerful, it is highly likely that Netflix will eventually become available on the Switch. Until then, there are still plenty of streaming services available on the Switch such as Hulu and YouTube.
Have any thoughts on the matter? Leave a comment below and let us know!
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By Jeff Johnson • Streaming • Tags: Nintendo, switch, will
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Global Economic Outlook
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Why NIESR?
Jackie Wahba
Professor Jackline Wahba OBE
Jackie is a Professor of Economics and the Director of Research in Economics at the University of Southampton. She is an applied economist with an interest in Labour Economics, Development Economics and Applied Micro-econometrics, and migration in particular.
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Jackie was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 20 20 Queen's Birthday Honours for services to Economic Policy. She was a member of the UK Government's Migration Advisory Committee (MAC), 2012 2021. She has been elected member of Council of the Royal Economic Society (2020-2025)
She is a research fellow of the Institute for the Study of Labour (IZA), CReAM (Centrew for Research and Analysis of Migration) and the Economic Research Forum (ERF). She leads the Migration Research at the ESRC Centre for Population Change at the University of Southampton. Jackie acted as an academic consultant in international migration and labour markets for several international organisations including the World Bank, OECD and IOM. Her work on international migration has been published in top economics journals.
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Social grooming is a behavior in which social animals, including humans, clean or maintain one another's body or appearance. A related term, allogrooming, indicates social grooming between members of the same species.  Grooming is a major social activity, and a means by which animals who live in close proximity may bond and reinforce social structures, family links, and build companionships. Social grooming is also used as a means of conflict resolution, maternal behavior and reconciliation in some species.  Mutual grooming typically describes the act of grooming between two individuals, often as a part of social grooming, pair bonding, or a precoital activity.

Evolutionary advantages
There are a variety of proposed mechanisms by which social grooming behavior has been hypothesized to increase fitness. These evolutionary advantages may come in the form of health benefits including reduced disease transmission and reduced stress levels, maintaining social structure, and direct improvement of fitness as a measure of survival.

Health benefits
It is often argued as to whether the overarching importance of social grooming is to boost an organism's health and hygiene or whether the social side of social grooming plays an equally or more important role. Traditionally, it is thought that the primary function of social grooming is the upkeep of an animal's hygiene. Evidence to support this statement involves the fact that all grooming concentrates on body parts that are inaccessible by autogrooming and that the amount of time spent allogrooming regions did not vary significantly even if the body part had a more important social or communicatory function.

Social grooming behaviour has been shown to elicit an array of health benefits in a variety of species. For example, group member connection has the potential to mitigate the potentially harmful effects of stressors. In macaques, social grooming has been proven to reduce heart rate. Social affiliation during a mild stressor was shown to correlate with lower levels of mammary tumor development and longer lifespan in rats, while lack of this affiliation was demonstrated to be a major risk factor.
On the other hand, it could be argued that the hygienic aspect to allogrooming does not play an as important role as the social aspect to it. Observational studies performed on 44 different primate species suggest that the number of times a species allogrooms, on average, correlates with its group size rather than with its body size. If allogrooming was purely required from a hygienic standpoint, then the larger an animal, the more and more often it would be groomed by members of its group. However, we see instead that when group size increases, members ensure that they spend an appropriate amount of time grooming everyone. Hence, the fact that animals, particularly primates here, groom each other more frequently than necessary from a hygienic standpoint suggests that the social angle of allogrooming plays an equally, if not more, important role. Another point of evidence for the importance of the social aspect is that in comparison to how much and how a primate grooms itself (autogrooming), allogrooming involved longer periods of time and different techniques, some of which have connotations of being affectionate gestures.

Reinforcing social structure and building relationships

Creation and maintenance of social bonds

One of the most critical functions of social grooming is to establish social networks and relationships. In many species, individuals form close social connections dubbed "friendships" due to long durations spent together doing activities. In primates especially, grooming is known to have major social significance and function in the formation and maintenance of these friendships. Studies performed on rhesus macaques showed that fMRI scans of the monkeys' brains lit up more significantly at the perirhinial cortex (associated with recognition and memory) and the temporal pole (associated with social and emotional processing/analysis) when the monkeys were shown pictures of their friends' faces as compared to less familiar faces. Hence, primates recognize familiar and well-liked individuals ('friends') and spend more time grooming them as compared to less favoured partners. In species with a more tolerant social style, such as Barbary macaques, it is seen that females choose their grooming mates based on whom they know better rather than on social rank. In addition to primates, animals such as deer, cows, horses, vole, mice, meerkats, coati, lions, birds, bats also form social bonds through grooming behaviour.

Social grooming may also serve to establish and recognize mates or amorous partners. For example, in short-nosed fruit bats, the females initiate grooming with the males just before flight at dusk. The male and his close-knit female harem apply bodily secretions on each other, which could possibly allow them to recognize the female's reproductive status. The 2016 study by Kumar et al. chemically analyzed these secretions, revealing that they may be required in chemosensory mediated communication and mate choice. Similarly, in the less aggressive herb-field mice species, males are observed to groom females for longer durations and even allow females to not reciprocate. Since the mating demands of males are greater than those of offered by females, the females use social grooming as a method to choose mates and males use it to incite mating.

Finally, kin selection is not as important a factor as friendship or mate preference when choosing a grooming mate as previously thought. In the 2018 Phelps et al. captive study on chimpanzees, it was seen that the animals remembered interactions that were 'successful' or 'unsuccessful' and used that as a basis to choose grooming mates; they chose grooming mates based on who would reciprocate rather than who would not. More importantly, if the delay between two chimpanzees grooming each other is very little, then the chimpanzees tend to 'time match', i.e. the second groomer grooms the first for the same amount of time that he/she was groomed. This 'episodic memory' requires a demanding amount of cognitive function and emotional recognition, and has been tested experimentally with respect to food preferences, where apes chose between tasty perishable and non-tasty non-perishable food at shorter and longer delays respectively after trying the food. Hence, apes can distinguish between different events that occurred at different times.

Enforcing hierarchy and social structure
In general, social grooming is an activity that is directed up hierarchy, i.e. a lower ranking individual grooms a higher ranking individual in the group. In meerkats, social grooming has been shown to carry the role of maintaining relationships that increase fitness. In this system, researchers have observed that dominant males receive more grooming while grooming others less, thereby indicating that less dominant males groom more dominant individuals to maintain relationships. In a study conducted on rhesus monkeys, it was seen that more dominant group members were 'stroked' more than they were 'picked at' when getting groomed, as compared to lower ranking group members. From a utilitarian standpoint, stroking is a less effective technique for grooming than picking, but it is construed as being a more affectionate gesture. Hence, grooming a higher ranking individual could be conducted in order to placate a potential aggressor and reduce tension. Moreover, individuals closer in rank tend to groom each other more reciprocally than individuals further apart in rank.

Grooming networks in black crested gibbons have been proven to contribute greater social cohesion and stability. Groups of gibbons with more stable social networks formed grooming networks that were significantly more complex, while groups with low stability networks formed far fewer grooming pairs.

Interchange of favours
Grooming is often offered by an individual in exchange for a certain behavioural response or action. Social grooming is critical for vampire bats especially, since it is necessary for them to maintain food-sharing relationships in order to sustain their food regurgitation sharing behaviour. In Tibetan macaques, infants are seen as a valuable commodity that can be exchanged for favours; mothers allow non-mothers to handle their infants for short durations in exchange for being groomed. Tibetan macaques measure and perceive the value of the infants by noting the relative ratio of infants in the group; as the number of infants increase, their 'value' decreases and the amount of grooming in exchange for infant-handling performed by non-mothers for mothers decreases.

In male bonobos, it is suggested that grooming is exchanged in favour of some emotional component because grooming familiar individuals involves larger time differences (i.e. the duration for which each individual grooms the other is not equal) and reduced reciprocity (i.e. likelihood of grooming the other is unpredictable). Hence, the presence of some sort of social bond between individuals results in greater 'generosity' and tolerance between them.

Direct fitness consequences
Social grooming relationships have been proven to provide direct fitness benefits to a variety of species. In particular, grooming in yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) has been studied extensively, with numerous studies showing an increase in fitness as a result of social bonds formed through social grooming behavior. One such study, which collected 16 years of behavioral data on wild baboons, highlights the effects that sociality has on infant survival. A positive relationship is established between infant survival to one year and a composite sociality index, a measure of sociality based on proximity and social grooming. Evidence has also been provided for the effect of sociality on adult survival in wild baboons. Direct correlations between measures of social connectedness (which focuses on social grooming) and median survival time for both female and male baboons were modeled.

Social bonds established by grooming may provide an adaptive advantage in the form of conflict resolution and protection from aggression. In wild savannah baboons, social affiliations are shown to augment fitness by increasing tolerance from more dominant group members and increasing the chance of obtaining aid from conspecifics during instances of within-group contest interactions. In the yellow baboon, adult females form relationships with their kin, who offer support during times of violent conflict within social groups. In Barbary macaques, social grooming results in the formation of crucial relationships among partners. These social relationships serve to aid cooperation and facilitate protection against combative groups composed of other males, which can oftentimes cause physical harm. Furthermore, social relationships have also been proven to decrease risk of infanticide in several primates.

Altruism
Altruism, in the biological sense, refers to a behavior performed by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing the fitness of the one performing the behavior. This differs from the philosophical concept of altruism which requires the conscious intention of helping another.  As a behavior, altruism is not evaluated in moral terms, but rather as a consequence of an action for reproductive fitness. It is often questioned why the behavior persists if it is costly to the one performing it, however, Charles Darwin proposed group selection as the mechanism behind the clear advantages of altruism.

Social grooming is considered a behavior of facultative altruism- the behavior itself is a temporary loss of direct fitness (with potential for indirect fitness gain), followed by personal reproduction. This tradeoff has been compared to the Prisoner's Dilemma model, and out of this comparison came Robert Trivers reciprocal altruism theory under the title "tit-for-tat". In conjunction with altruism, kin selection bears an emphasis on favoring the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction. Because of this, kin selection is an instance of inclusive fitness, which combines the number of offspring produced with the number an individual can ensure the production of by supporting others, such as siblings.

Hamilton's rule

Developed by W.D. Hamilton, this rule governs the idea that kin selection causes genes to increase in frequency when the genetic relatedness (r) of a recipient to an actor multiplied by the benefit to the recipient (B) is greater than the reproductive cost to the actor (C). Thus, it is advantageous for an individual to partake in altruistic behaviors, such as social grooming, so long as the individual receiving the benefits of the behavior is related to the one providing the behavior.

Use as a commodity
It was questioned whether some animals are instead using altruistic behaviors as a market strategy to trade for something desirable.  In olive baboons, Papio anubis, it has been found that individuals perform altruistic behaviors as a form of trade in which a behavior is provided in exchange for benefits, such as reduced aggression. The grooming was evenly balanced across multiple bouts rather than single bouts, suggesting that females are not constrained to complete exchanges with single transactions and use social grooming to solidify long-term relationships with those in their social group.

In addition, white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) males were more attentive to social grooming during estrus of the females in their group. Though the behavior of social grooming itself was not beneficial to the one providing the service, the opportunity to mate and subsequent fertilization increases the reproductive fitness of those participating in the behavior.  This study was also successful in finding that social grooming performance cycled with that of the females ovarian cycle, similar to a courting behavior.

Ontogeny of social grooming

General learning and reciprocation of allogrooming
In most cases, allogrooming is an action that is learned from an individual's mother. Infants are groomed by their mothers and mimic these actions on each other and the mother as juveniles. This action is reciprocated on other group members (non-mother or of a different rank) more often once the individual is a fully developed adult and can follow normal grooming patterns.

Sex based differences in learning
Male and female members of a species may differ in learning how, when and whom to groom. In stump-tailed macaques, infant females mimic their mothers' actions by grooming their mothers more often than their males counterparts do and by grooming the same group members that their mothers groom. This mimicry is suggested to indicate identification-based observational learning in infant stump-tailed macaques, and the daughters' penchants for maternal mimicry and kin-biased grooming versus the sons' penchants for rank-biased grooming falls in line with their social roles in groups, where adult males require alliances in order to gain and maintain rank.

Tool usage
In nearly all instances of social grooming, individuals use their own body parts, such as hands, teeth or tongue, to groom a group member or infant. It is very rare to observe instances of tool usage in social grooming in non-human animals; however, a few such instances have been observed in primates. In a 1981 observational study of Japanese macaques at Bucknell University, a mother macaque was seen to choose a stone after observing several stones on the ground and then use this stone to groom her infant. It was hypothesized that the stone was used as a distractor for the infant so that the mother could adequately clean her infant while his attention was occupied elsewhere. This was supported by the fact that the infant picked up the stone once the mother dropped it and allowed her to groom him while he played with it. This action was seen in a few other members in the colony, but was not seen throughout the species at all. At another instance, a female chimpanzee at the Delta Regional Primate Research Center created a 'toothbrush' by stripping a twig of its leaves and used this toothbrush to groom her infant over several instances. However, both examples concern tool use in primates, which is already widely studied and scientifically backed. The wide working memory capacities and causal understanding capabilities of primates permit them to fashion and utilize tools far more extensively than other non-human animals. Apart from physical and mental constraints, perhaps a reason allogrooming animals do not use tools is because a major purpose of social grooming is social bonding and involves emotional exchanges, much of which is conveyed by touch.

Mutual grooming

Many animals groom each other in the form of stroking, scratching, and massaging. This activity often serves to remove foreign material from the body to promote the communal success of these socially active animals.  There exists a wide array of socially grooming animals throughout the kingdom, including primates, insects, birds, and bats. While thorough research has still yet to be engaged, much has been learned about social grooming in non-human animals via the study of primates. The driving force behind mammal social grooming is primarily believed to be rooted in adaptation to consolatory behavior as well as utilitarian purposes in the exchange of resources such as food, sex, and communal hygiene.

Insects
In insects, grooming often involves the important role of removing foreign material from the body. The honey bee, for example, engages in social grooming by cleaning body parts that cannot be reached by the receiving bee. The receiving bee extends its wings perpendicular to its body while its wings, mouth parts, and antennae are cleaned in order to remove dust and pollen. This removal of dust and pollen allows for sharpening of olfactory senses in contributing to the overall well-being of the group.

Bats

Recent studies have determined that vampire bats engage in social grooming much more than other types of bats to promote the well-being of the group. Facing higher levels of parasitic infection, vampire bats engage in cleaning one another as well as sharing food via regurgitation. This activity prevents ongoing infection while also promoting group success.

Primates

Primates provide perhaps one of the best examples of mutual grooming due to the intensive research performed regarding their varying lifestyles, and the direct variation of means of social grooming across different species. Among primates, social grooming plays a significant role in animal consolation behavior whereby the primates engage in establishing and maintaining alliances through dominance hierarchies, pre-existing coalitions, and for reconciliation after conflicts. Primates groom socially in moments of boredom as well, and the act has been shown to reduce tension and stress. This reduction in stress is often associated with observed periods of relaxed behavior, and primates have been known to fall asleep while receiving grooming. Conflict among primates has been observed by researchers as increasing stress among the group, making mutual grooming very advantageous.

There are benefits to initiating grooming.  The one that starts the grooming will in return be groomed themselves, getting the benefit of being cleaned.  Research has found that primates that are lower on the social ladder may initiate grooming with a higher ranked primate in order to increase their position. Under times of higher conflict and competition, it has been found that this is less likely to occur.  Researchers have suggested that primates may see a need to balance the uses of grooming, swapping between its use as a means to increase social standing and the use of grooming to keep oneself clean.

Grooming in primates is not only utilized for alliance formation and maintenance, but to exchange resources such as communal food, sex, and hygiene.  Wild baboons have been found to utilize social grooming as an activity to remove ticks and other insects from others. In this grooming, the body areas receiving significant attention appear to be the regions where the baboons themselves cannot reach.  Grooming activity in these regions is used to remove parasites, dirt, dead skin, as well as tangled fur to help keep the animal's health in good condition despite an individual inability to reach and clean certain areas.

Time primates spend grooming increases with group size, but too large of group sizes can lead to decreased group cohesion because time spent grooming is usually impacted by other factors. Consequently, some of these aspects that affect time spent grooming include ecological, phylogenetic, and life history. For example, the article states, "Cognitive constraints and predation pressure strongly affect group sizes and thereby have an indirect effect on primate grooming time". By analyzing past data and studies done about this topic, the authors found that a primate group greater than 40 will face greater ecological problems and, thus, time spent during social grooming is affected.

Recent studies regarding chimpanzees have determined the direct correlation of the release of oxytocin to consolatory behavior. This behavior as well as release has been noted in primates such as the Vervet monkey, a primate species that actively engages in social grooming from early childhood to adulthood. Vervet monkey siblings often have conflict over grooming allocation by their mother, yet, grooming remains an activity that mediates tension and is low cost for alliance formation and maintenance. This grooming occurs both between the siblings as well as involving the mother.

Recent studies regarding the crab-eating macaques have shown that males will groom females in order to procure sex. One study found that a female has a greater likelihood to engage in sexual activity with a male if he had recently groomed her, compared to males who had not groomed her.[41]

Birds

Birds engage in allopreening.  Researchers believe that this practice builds pair bonds. In 2010, researchers determined the existence of a form of social grooming as a consolation behavior within ravens via a form of bystander contact, whereby observer ravens would act to console a distressed victim via contact sitting, preening, as well as beak-to-beak touching.

Horses
Horses engage in mutual grooming via the formation of 'pair bonds' where parasites and other contaminants on the surface of the body are actively removed. This removal of foreign material is primarily performed in hard-to-reach areas such as the neck via nibbling.

Cattle
Allogrooming is a behavior commonly seen in many types of cattle, including dairy and beef breeds. The act of social licking can be seen specifically in heifers to initiate social dominance, emphasize companionship and improve hygiene of oneself or others. This behavior seen in cows may provide advantages including reduced parasite loads, social tension and competition at the feed bunk. It is understood that social licking can provide long term benefits such as promoting positive emotions and a relaxed environment.

Endocrine effects
Social grooming has shown to be correlated with changes in endocrine levels within individuals. Specifically, there is a large correlation between the brain's release of oxytocin and social grooming. Oxytocin is hypothesized to promote prosocial behaviors due to its positive emotional response when released. Further, social grooming also releases beta-endorphins which promote physiological responses in stress reduction. These responses can occur from the production of hormones and endorphins, or through the growth or reduction in nerve structures. For example, in studies of suckling rats, rats who received warmth and touch when feeding had lower blood pressure levels than rats who did not receive any touch. This was found to be a result of an increased vagal nerve tone, meaning they had had higher parasympathetic nervous response and lower sympathetic nervous response to stimulus, resulting in a lower stress response. Social grooming is a form of innocuous sensory activation. Innocuous sensory activation, characterized by non-aggressive contact, stimulates an entirely separate neural pathway from nocuous aggressive sensory activation. Innocuous sensations are transmitted through the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system.

Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone known to help express social emotions such as altruism, which in turn provides a positive feedback mechanism for social behaviors. For example, studies in vampire bats have shown that intranasal injections of oxytocin have increased the amount of allogrooming done by female bats. The release of oxytocin, found to be stimulated by positive touch (such as allogrooming), positive smells and sounds, can have physiological benefits to the individual. Benefits can include: relaxation, healing, and digestion stimulation. Further, reproductive benefits have been found such as studies in rats have shown that the release of oxytocin can increase male reproductive success. The role of oxytocin is important in maternal pair bonding, and is hypothesized to promote similar bonding in social groups as a result of positive feedback loops from social interactions.

Beta-endorphins
Grooming stimulates the release of beta-endorphin, which is one physiological reason for why grooming appears to be relaxing. Beta-endorphins are found in neurons in the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. Beta-endorphins are found to be opioid agonists. Opioids are molecules that act on receptors to promote feelings of relaxation, and reduce pain. A study in monkeys shows the changes in opiate expression in the body, mirroring changes in beta-endorphin levels, influences desire for social grooming. In using opiate receptor blockades, which decrease the level of beta-endorphins, the monkeys responded with an increased desire to be groomed. In contrast, when the monkeys were given morphine, the desire to be groomed dropped significantly. Beta- endorphins have been difficult to measure in animal species, differently from oxytocin which can be measured by sampling cerebrospinal fluid, and therefore have not been linked as strongly with social behaviors.

Glucocorticoids receptors
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that are synthesized in the adrenal cortex and are a part of the group of corticosteroids. Glucocorticoids are involved in immune function, and are a part of the feedback system that reduces inflammation. Further, glucocorticoids are involved in glucose metabolism. Studies in macaques have shown that increased social stress results in glucocorticoid resistance, further inhibiting immune function. Macaques who participated in social grooming showed decreased levels of viral load, which points toward decreased levels of social stress resulting in increased immune function and glucocorticoid sensitivity.  Additionally, an article published in 1997 concluded that an increase in maternal grooming resulted in a proportionate increase in Glucocorticoid receptors on target tissue in the neonatal rat. In the study on neonatal rats, it was found that the receptor number was altered because of a change in both serotonin and thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations. An increase in the number of receptors might influence the amount of negative feedback on corticosteroid secretion and prevent the undesirable side effects of an abnormal physiologic stress response. Social grooming can change the number of glucocorticoid receptors, which can result in increased immune function.

Studies have also shown that male baboons who participate more in social grooming show lower basal cortisol concentrations.

Faecal glucocorticoid (fGCs) is a hormone metabolite associated with stress that is seen to be present in lower levels in female baboons with stronger, well-established grooming networks. When potentially infanticidal male baboons immigrate into a group, the females' fGC levels are seen to rise, indicative of higher stress; however, females with reliable and well-established grooming partners have less of a fGC rise than those with weaker grooming networks. Hence, the social support received from a 'friendship' aids baboons in stress management. Similarly, fGC levels are also seen to rise in females when a close 'friend' dies; however, these rising fGC levels are seen to decrease in females that form new grooming partners, replacing their deceased friends.

Opioids
Endogenous opioids are chemical molecules produced in the brains of organisms and serve to create feelings of relaxation, happiness and pain relief.  In primates, laughter and social grooming trigger opioid release in the brain, which is thought to form and maintain social bonds. In a study performed on rhesus monkeys, lactating females with 4- to 10-week-old infants were given low doses of naloxone, an opioid antagonist that blocks the opioid receptor and inhibits the effects of endogenous opioids. In comparison to the control females, who were given saline solutions, the naloxone females groomed their infants and other members of their group less. The naloxone females were also observed to be less protective of their young, which is uncharacteristic of new mothers. This decline in social interactions upon naloxone injection suggests that opioid antagonists interfere with maternal involvement in social actions – here, social grooming. We could hypothesize therefore that higher levels of opioids in new rhesus mothers cause increased levels of social involvement and 'maternal' characteristics, aiding the development and learning of the newborn.

Criticism for studies quoted
Above all, the main criticism regarding studies concerning social grooming is that almost all of them focus on primates and a narrow range of species within primates themselves. This, therefore, does not give us a well-rounded idea of what the cognitive or behavioural basis for social grooming is, nor does it completely outline all the effects (benefits or costs) of it. Moreover, we may not have all the relevant data concerning social grooming even in a well-studied species. Secondly, data for most species is derived based on the members of a single group. In primates, whose behaviour is highly flexible depending on the socio-environmental conditions, this poses as a particular challenge. Thirdly, most studies are observational and short-termed. Hence the direct link between social grooming and fitness or mate choice outcomes cannot be studied directly as in long-term direct or captive studies.

See also
 Cleaner fish
 Cleaning symbiosis
 Community cohesion
 Licking
 Personal grooming
 Social cohesion

References

Further reading

External links

Articles containing video clips
Cleaning
Ethology
Hygiene
Mutualism (biology)

fr:Toilettage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Thank you donnamusica, I myself enjoy a good laugh.
Hey knit 01 all late starters are welcome.
Leelamaria That is such a lovely idea of the birds cooing in different rhythms reflecting the languages of their countries. I shall have to listen carefully to the wood pigeons here, then, if I go to Italy again, sit under an olive tree and listen to an Italian pigeon and note the differences.
Now that is down right awesome !!!
Another way of saying it is type a colon followed by a close parentheses.
No quotation marks harleyman. Sorry Margaret, you were right but the quotes threw him off.


Valentine's Day…probably the most polarizing holiday of them all. While I don't hate it, I also don't love it. I guess I'm indifferent, though I tell my husband to save his money and not buy me flowers that day. But I think that's just my budget nerd coming out.
Today I'm home enjoying a snow day and I just realized that the gifts I intended on buying for my hubby were still sitting in my cart. Oops! But that got me to thinking that I should share some fun, budget-friendly gifts for the travel lover in your life.
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After hearing horror stories about people losing their wedding rings on their honeymoon, Jon and I decided to leave ours at home when we went to New Zealand. While I felt like a fraud, telling people we were newlyweds when neither of us had a ring on, I knew it was better to be safe than sorry. After years of taking my rings off during "athletic endeavors" (yoga, hiking, biking, etc) and Jon leaving his ring AT the gym (this is after he already lost one while knee-boarding)…I decided it was time for a change. I originally bought us both silicone bands from Qalo for our anniversary. Now, almost 3 years later, Jon's band is getting pretty shabby looking. Enter Enso Rings. They are in the same price range AND they offer a lifetime warranty on their rings. So Jon's ripped band would be replaced for free. Pretty cool. They also have thin, stackable bands for women, which are definitely on my wish list. Right now both companies are having a sale for 20% off.
I love taking a journal with me on my travels, but I'm not about to spend a boatload of money on one. Mainly because it's likely it will never get completely used up, since I'm a notebook/journal junkie. 😉 I've had really good luck picking up a 3 pack of Piccadilly journals from Barnes & Noble in the clearance section, but I also thought these were fun and could be for a man or woman.
Okay, can we talk about how cute this scarf is? I just love the arrows, the price point and that it comes in 9 different colors. But perhaps the best part is the secret pocket to store cash, credit cards, chapstick…whatever you want to keep on hand, without tying up your hands.
We all know the sadness that comes along with ending a trip and heading back to work. So why not surround yourself with things that you love and that remind you of your adventures? Enter the decorative throw pillow. These linen compass pillow covers are sure to spruce up just about any home decor.
You're out on the go when suddenly your phone battery is about to die, but you're nowhere near a wall outlet. We've all been there. Thankfully this handy little lipstick-sized battery pack does just the trick. One charge is enough to power up your phone again while you stay on the move. I've carried this in my purse for the past few years and I love it!
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Please note that while I provided a linked to these products, they are not affiliate links. I simply enjoyed curating a list of travel-related gifts, many of which can be delivered before Valentine's Day. Happy shopping!


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'80s Music Pioneers The Go-Go's Unseal Their Story in Showtime Documentary
July 31, 2020 Ryan Berenz Documentary, Magazine Archive, Music, Preview Comments Off on '80s Music Pioneers The Go-Go's Unseal Their Story in Showtime Documentary
Paul Natkin/Showtime
Known for quintessential '80s hits like "We Got the Beat" and "Our Lips Are Sealed," the Go-Go's remain the only all-female band who wrote their own songs and played their own instruments to have a No. 1 album on the Billboard charts.
Born in 1978 in the anything-goes L.A. punk rock scene, the Go-Go's were rough and raw misfit musicians performing in underground clubs. But the band got its spark when guitarist Charlotte Caffey — inspired during a midnight viewing of The Twilight Zone — wrote "We Got the Beat" in five minutes. The pop-punk hybrid gave the Go-Go's the hook they needed, and soon after they toured in England with Madness and the Specials, and they signed a record deal with Miles Copeland's I.R.S. Records. Their videos became fixtures on the burgeoning MTV, and the band's 1981 debut album, Beauty and the Beat, reached No. 1 and stayed there for six weeks.
But the Go-Go's couldn't avoid the classic Behind the Music career arc. Commercial success led to tensions and infighting between members, further exacerbated by drug use, hard partying, creative differences and an exhausting touring schedule. The Go-Go's acrimoniously broke up in 1985.
Director Alison Ellwood's documentary film The Go-Go's (premieres Friday, July 31 at 9pm ET/PT and reairs Saturday, Aug. 1, at 7:20pm ET/PT) features the band's full participation, and a wealth of archival video, photos, music and interviews reveals the inside story of a group that opened the music industry's eyes.
Friday, July 31: Showtime Unseals the True Story of 'The Go-Gos'
FOX News Channel's Martha MacCallum and Bret Baier Preview an Unconventional Convention Season
Lisa Kudrow's "Web Therapy" takes a ludicrous idea to hilarious extremes
July 20, 2011 Channel Guide Staff Comedy, Interview, TV News & Program Updates 1
If you're looking for proof that Lisa Kudrow is nowhere near as dopey as her character Phoebe was on Friends, look no further than her latest project, Web Therapy, which premiered on Showtime last night and airs Tuesdays at 11pm ET/PT. The improv-heavy series features Kudrow along with a rotating cast including Jane Lynch, Bob Balaban, Victor Garber, Lily Tomlin, Alan Cumming, former Friends costar Courteney Cox and others, and presents an insightful, witty sendup of the unregulated world of online business. In the series, Kudrow plays Fiona Wallice, a clever, attractive woman whose brilliant new idea is to administer […]
"The Franchise: A Season With the San Francisco Giants" premieres July 13 on Showtime
July 12, 2011 Ryan Berenz Documentary, Reality TV, Sports Comments Off on "The Franchise: A Season With the San Francisco Giants" premieres July 13 on Showtime
Sports have been described as the ultimate reality show. Maybe that's why we find reality series about sports so compelling. On Wednesday, July 13, at 10pm ET, Showtime calls a new documentary series up to the majors with The Franchise: A Season With the San Francisco Giants, a joint effort of Showtime and MLB Productions. This series embeds a camera crew with the reigning World Series champs, capturing what happens on and off the field with the players, coaches and front-office personnel. The series airs for six consecutive Wednesdays. Viewers will get an inside-the-clubhouse look at what goes into making […]
Nurse Jackie series finale recap: An exquisite end
June 28, 2015 Barb Oates Recap 10
Nurse Jackie series finale recap Season 7, Episode 12 "Say A Little Prayer" (original airdate June 28, 2015, Showtime) Series creator Clyde Phillips delivered on his promise in the Nurse Jackie series finale, providing an "authentic" end to the show's seven-season run. True to real life, addiction can be a losing battle and Jackie Peyton reminded us of that continuously — losing absolutely everything she loved along the way. As much as we so wanted to trust her this past season — after working so hard to get her family and her job back — we expected her to disappoint, […]


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text:
Call: +1650 618 3929
Chargifi updates: Festive Wishes from the Chargifi Team
December 2017 | Chargifi Monthly News
Festive Wishes from the Chargifi Team
As 2017 draws to a close it is an opportunity for us to take stock of what has been a game-changing year for Chargifi and the wireless charging market. Apple's announcement a couple of months back, that wireless charging would be integrated into the latest iPhones, has been a catalyst for driving the mass deployment of wireless charging. What WiFi did for connectivity, wireless charging is about to do for power and we are looking forward to leading this market as it continues to evolve into 2018.
This year we have seen Chargifi go global with installs in The Grand Central Hyatt, NYC through to keeping fans connected at some of the world's biggest sporting events: the Swiss Indoors ATP World Tour 500 in Basel, and the Atlanta Falcons' Mercedes Benz Stadium and Twickenham Stadium here in the UK. We were pleased to receive industry recognition by being named as one of London's most visionary digital companies in this year's 'Digital Innovators Power List'.
Thank you for your continued support and on behalf of the team at Chargifi, I would like to wish all our clients, partners, friends and families a very Happy Christmas and prosperous New Year.
Dan Bladen
"A Godfather of the London tech scene"
Eze Vidra joins the Chargifi board
We are pleased to announce two new appointments to fast track our growth as we scale-up globally – Eze Vidra will be joining as Non-Executive Director and Mark Whitby in the role of advisor.
Eze brings a wealth of experience and commercial knowledge and has a strong track record in the start-up arena. Vidra is known as "A Godfather of the London tech scene" having founded Campus London, Google's first physical start-up hub. Also joining the board as an advisor with over 20 years global technology experience is Mark Whitby. Mark will bring to us his great wisdom as a strategic advisor as well as his significant experience in building global channel strategies.
Eze and Mark will strengthen the Chargifi team as our business growth continues to accelerate. Read more about Eze and Mark over on our blog.
In January, we're heading over to CES in Las Vegas (7th to 12th January 2018). If you'd like to arrange a meeting with the team, have a demo or find out more about how to deploy wireless power at scale, then please get in touch at CES@chargifi.com
Apple supports faster wireless charging
Apple's new iOS 11.2 software went live earlier this month adding faster wireless charging. With support for 7.5W charging speeds, the iPhone 8, 8 Plus and iPhone X will be able to charge quicker over a wireless connection – the 7.5W wireless charging speeds are now faster than the speed of a standard wired 5W power adapter that comes with your new iPhone. Chargifi's wireless charging technology is fully compatible with this latest update.
Our Co-Founder & CEO, Dan Bladen is delighted to have been featured in Business Leader's podcast. Business Leader's Editor Barney Cotton speaks to Dan about what wireless charging is, how it works and who we work with. Why not tune in to find out more. Keep your eyes peeled for more news on our website.
How to enable flexible desk management in a Covid-Safe workplace


text:
package org.stevewinfield.suja.idk.game.event.session;

import org.stevewinfield.suja.idk.network.sessions.Session;

/**
 * This event is fired whenever a session is created, there will <b>not</b> be any player information available yet!
 */
public class SessionMakeEvent extends SessionEvent {
    public SessionMakeEvent(Session session) {
        super(session);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Everything randomly freezes in Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS while using GUI After the installing Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS, when I try to update though the software updater, my computer just gets slower (I can tell by the movement of the mouse) and then, everything simply freezes: Keyboard, mouse, I can't even summon the terminal.
I seem to be able to update the software from the linux shell (ctrl+alt+F1) through

sudo apt-get update

and

sudo apt-get upgrade

Apparently, my PC also freezes when I try to install software through the terminal. It is possible that Unity Desktop causes this, or, perhaps it is the graphical drivers (this is only speculation).
This is the part of the installation in which Ubuntu froze
This is the shell successfully installing the same software I previously tried to install
I've already tried to redownload ubuntu, reinstalling it (using both Bootable flash drive and a DVD), but none of that seems to work.
-Other details-
I'm not sure about which other information I can provide, so here are the specs of my laptop:
I'm dual-booting with Windows 10
Windows: Windows 10 Home Single Language (64 bit)
Processor: AMD A9-9410 RADEON R5, 5 COMPUTE CORES 2C+3G 2.90GHz
RAM: 8,00gGB
The model of the laptop is Asus X555QG-XO099T
could it be UEFI/drivers related?

A: Apparently it was Driver-related, since there is not support for these processor and GPU drivers for Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS.
The solution was downgrading to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (where there are available drivers), now I'm dealing with connection problems but those are unrelated.
The real question would be:
Can I upgrade back to 16.04 LTS without breaking everything again?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package hal

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"sync"
)

// User is a chat participant
type User struct {
	ID      string
	Name    string
	Roles   []string
	Options map[string]interface{}
}

func (u *User) Get(k string) (interface{}, error) {
	v, ok := u.Options[k]
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s not found in user options", k)
	}
	return v, nil
}

func NewUser() *User {
	return &User{
		Options: make(map[string]interface{}),
	}
}

// UserMap handles the known users
type UserMap struct {
	Map   map[string]User
	robot *Robot
	sync.Mutex
}

// NewUserMap returns an initialized UserMap
func NewUserMap(robot *Robot) *UserMap {
	return &UserMap{
		Map:   make(map[string]User, 0),
		robot: robot,
	}
}

// All returns the underlying map of all users
func (um *UserMap) All() []User {
	um.Lock()

	users := make([]User, len(um.Map))
	for _, user := range um.Map {
		users = append(users, user)
	}

	um.Unlock()
	return users
}

// Get looks up a user by id and returns a User object
func (um *UserMap) Get(id string) (User, error) {
	um.Lock()
	defer um.Unlock()

	user, ok := um.Map[id]
	if !ok {
		return User{}, fmt.Errorf("could not find user with id %s", id)
	}
	return user, nil
}

// GetByName looks up a user by name and returns a User object
func (um *UserMap) GetByName(name string) (User, error) {
	um.Lock()
	defer um.Unlock()

	for _, user := range um.Map {
		if user.Name == name {
			if user.Options == nil {
				user.Options = make(map[string]interface{})
			}
			return user, nil
		}
	}
	return User{Options: make(map[string]interface{})}, fmt.Errorf("could not find user with name %s", name)
}

// Set adds or updates a user in the UserMap and persists it to the store
func (um *UserMap) Set(id string, user User) error {
	um.Lock()

	// initialize user.Options if nothing's in there yet
	if user.Options == nil {
		user.Options = make(map[string]interface{})
	}
	um.Map[id] = user
	if err := um.Save(); err != nil {
		um.Unlock()
		return err
	}

	um.Unlock()
	return nil
}

// Encode marshals a UserMap to JSON
func (um *UserMap) Encode() ([]byte, error) {
	data, err := json.Marshal(um.Map)
	if err != nil {
		return []byte{}, err
	}
	return data, err
}

// Decode unmarshals a JSON object into a map of strings to Users
func (um *UserMap) Decode() (map[string]User, error) {
	data, err := um.robot.Store.Get("users")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	users := map[string]User{}
	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &users); err != nil {
		return users, err
	}

	return users, nil
}

// Load retrieves known users from the store and populates the UserMap
func (um *UserMap) Load() error {
	um.Lock()

	data, err := um.Decode()
	if err != nil {
		um.Unlock()
		return err
	}

	um.Map = data

	um.Unlock()
	return nil
}

// Save persists known users to the store
func (um *UserMap) Save() error {
	data, err := um.Encode()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return um.robot.Store.Set("users", data)
}


Well, it has been a busy month. I have been taking photos, but rarely have time to process anything. I have a couple family shoots and some landscapes to post in the near future. Until then, this shot will have to tide you over.


Getting more women into the tech industry could generate billions for the UK, says entrepreneur Debbie Wosskow OBE.
Wosskow took property swap site Love Home Swap from conception to launch in three months in 2011. The platform is now home to a quarter of a million properties.
Speaking to an audience of over three hundred at the 'Empowering Women with Tech' conference at Leeds International Festival, she talked about the benefits of getting more women into the industry.
"It's a fantastically untapped asset class – if we can encourage more women to start businesses it will make a huge difference," she said.
She went on to say that currently only 10 per cent of all capital globally is allocated to businesses with a woman in its senior leadership team.
"The Pitchbook stat for the UK in 2016 was 2.17 per cent of all capital went to businesses with a female CEO," said Wosskow.
Wosskow, who started her first business at 25, came up with the idea for Love Home Swap after watching film The Holiday on the flight home from a bad getaway.
Her most recent endeavour, female-focused crowdfunding platform AllBright, launched in late 2016 and aims to support female-led companies in the UK.
"A lot of what you do in life is based on what you've seen – so how can we get more women founding businesses and how can we invest more in women? It often means getting more female investors.
Anne-Marie Imafidon's social enterprise Stemettes is also addressing the industry's lack of diversity by helping girls create technology that relates to them.
"At our recent incubator girls were able to apply technology to problems that they see around them.
"One of the girls had high-functioning autism so she built a recruitment site for high-functioning autistic people.
Since its launch four years ago Stemettes has helped 15,000 girls across the country.
Imafidon says that success for the industry means focusing on diversity more broadly.
"We need different people – not necessarily just women – involved in building products," she said.
Head of technology at Sky Natasha Sayce-Zelem says that businesses must change the message and focus on what tech enables rather than the skills it requires.
"People don't know about jobs in tech – we need to signpost the different roles," she said.
"Which headline would you prefer?" she asked.


5D is always keen to hear from anyone wishing to promote and share their work. So contact us and let us know how we can help and work together to tell the world about your projects!
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Sharing on 5D social networks - The 5D Facebook page has over 2500 likes, the 5D Facebook group has going on 250 members and the 5D Twitter page has 1500 followers. Amongst these numbers are a host of industry professionals and like-minded individuals.
5D can also help you promote your projects by offering related prizes from you on our competition page. This facility has already been successfully utilised by many already with previous offers of posters, DVD'S, Crowdfunding swag, etc, etc that help further the awareness of their work.
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Just Ask Mama and more… | Help! I live with my Italian mother in law!
Ok, I will be the first to admit that all these widgets and codes are making me crazy!!!
Anyway, today is a rain day, for my Canadian readers, insert the word snow 🙂 All the schools are closed which means that I get to stay at home and muck around doing silly things like bake cookies, take a nap and fiddle with widgets on this blog.
Coco beat me in the nap department and the ingredients for the cookies are still sitting on the kitchen counter. But I did finally manage to get two new widgets up on the blog home page 🙂 Whew! Now I really do need that nap!


It is the vision of the Kluane First Nation to create a healthy, happy and economically stable community. Our ideal community would be free of crime and abuse of any kind and our people would go about their day to day activities in a spirit of gentleness and cooperation. In our ideal community, families would work together to help each other and our Culture would be shared with our children. We recognize we must live in a modern world as well and will prepare our youth to love and respect our heritage while at the same time gaining the skills to survive in a modern world.
In order to achieve the long term vision, our mission is to build political and administrative systems of governance that will respect and value the past and still be able to communicate and participate with modern government structures.
Monday to Friday 9:00a.m.- 5:00p.m.


text:
'The Dark Knight' a rising finale
By Roger Moore
It's something to see, all right - this Dark Knight Rises.
An epic finale to the Christopher Nolan/Christian Bale Dark Knight trilogy, it has the summer's best effects, the summer's highest stakes - Gotham City Armageddon - the summer's sexiest villain and the biggest comic book movie thrills and best comic book movie chills of this cinema season.
It's a film of awe inspiring set pieces and jaw-dropping stunts - less of this Avengers/Spider-Man/Transformers digital effects overkill. It's topical, morphing the "Occupy" movement into a few choice messages about the few who take from the many, and the many who take anarchy to its logical extremes.
No expense was spared, all the stops were pulled out and a lot of effort went into tidying up this phenomenally successful film trilogy, tying up loose ends, sending it and everyone involved off with a bang.
And it's wonderfully acted. The regulars are sharp, the new pieces in the puzzle interesting and Anne Hathaway is so good as Catwoman that this loooong film drags when she's not on the screen. But then, the character has been, for decades, so sexy and idiot proof that you wonder where Halle Berry went wrong.
The story - The Batman (Christian Bale) went into retirement eight years ago after losing his lady love (Maggie Gyllenhaal) and killing good-man-gone-bad Harvey Dent (Aaron Eckhart), who is now celebrated as a hero.
Gotham City has been cleaned up. Only crotchety old Commissioner Gordon (Gary Oldman, terrific) is still on a "war" footing. Something wicked this way comes.
That something would be Bane, a hulking, meaty-mitts-on-his-lapels terrorist who breathes through a mask and preaches anarchy. He will "free" the people of Gotham City by blowing it up - either in bits, or all at once.
Sassy Selena Kyle (Hathaway), who is cat-burgling the 1 percent, warns Bruce Wayne, "There's a storm coming," that the rich soon will rue the day that the few "left so little for the rest of us."
Hathaway has a crackling way with a line. "No guns," orders the Batman when he comes to her rescue. "Where's the fun in that?"
Director Nolan fills the screen with returning players - from Butler Alfred (Michael Caine) and gadget guru Lucius Fox (Morgan Freeman) to Cillian Murphy as the unnamed "Scarecrow." Newcomers include Joseph Gordon-Levitt as a righteous cop, Matthew Modine as an inept one and Oscar winner Marion Cotillard as an energy tycoon. The script gives them all plenty to do and say.
But that makes for a bulky, bloated movie. For the third film in a trilogy, there are all these clumsy moments where characters blurt out long speeches of exposition. What really needs explaining, after all this?
Hardy is so big you'd swear he ate Kevin Smith to bulk up. But the posh voice he chose to send through that breathing mask sounds like Sean Connery imitating Darth Vader. Not that he's coherent, much of the time - lines muffled by the mask and sound mix.
And for a movie that aims for a certain tidiness, this one has a lot of random moments, unexplained and inexplicable actions by heroes and villains alike. I don't know about you, but I kind of like my screen heavies to have motivation for their villainy, and maybe an exit strategy. Then again, did the 9-11 hijackers have those?
That seems to be what Nolan was going for here, a film equal to the scale and messiness of the history we're living through. He's pro-Occupy Wall Street and anti-anarchy, pro-police and against the "1 percent."
He takes this "Have it Both Ways" thing all the way to the climax, and beyond.
As summer entertainments go, Nolan and his co-writers have delivered one with a lot to chew on, and a lot more to see and hear. The effects put "2012" and even "The Avengers" to shame. The sound will overwhelm you, the huge set pieces - one at the beginning, another in the middle, a third at the end - are jaw-dropping.
And if you have any soft spot in your heart for this rich guy with a cape, a temper and a serious Messiah complex, you will be moved - maybe even to tears.
This is what summer popcorn movies were meant to be.
BOX:
Rated: PG-13 for intense sequences of violence and action, some sensuality and language.
Now showing: Area theaters