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667 F. 2d 870 - Anthony v. United States
667 F2d 870 Anthony v. United States
Jack Holland ANTHONY, Defendant-Appellant,
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee.
Jack Holland ANTHONY, Defendant,
Vernon V. SISNEY, Intervenor-Appellant.
Rehearing Denied Feb. 5, 1982.
Michael E. Tigar, Washington, D. C., (John J. Privitera, Washington, D. C., with him on the brief), of Tigar, Buffone & Doyle, Washington, D. C. (Steven W. Taylor of Gotcher, Gotcher & Taylor, McAlester, Okl., with him on the brief), for Jack Holland Anthony.
John R. Osgood, Asst. U. S. Atty., Oklahoma City, Okl. (David L. Russell, U. S. Atty., Oklahoma City, Okl., with him on the brief), for United States of America.
Andrew M. Coats of Crowe & Dunlevy, Oklahoma City, Okl., for Vernon V. Sisney.
Before BARRETT, DOYLE and LOGAN, Circuit Judges.
BARRETT, Circuit Judge.
These are consolidated appeals. Jack Holland Anthony appeals from his conviction under 18 U.S.C.A. § 2511(1)(a), unlawful interception of wire communications. Dr. Vernon V. Sisney appeals from the District Court's order denying him standing to oppose Anthony's motion for discovery in aid of Anthony's motion for new trial and order requiring discovery of certain tapes which were the product of Anthony's unlawful interception of wire communications.
Anthony was charged with illegally wiretapping the telephones of Dr. Richard Sternlof, Dr. Vernon V. Sisney and Dr. Jerry Lucas. Trial was had before a jury in the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma. The jury convicted Anthony of illegally tapping Dr. Sternlof's phone. However, the jury was unable to reach a verdict on the remaining charges involving the tapping of Dr. Sisney's and Dr. Lucas' phones.
Anthony does not challenge the sufficiency of the evidence. Thus, at the risk of oversimplifying this rather involved situation, the relevant facts are as follows.
At the time of his arrest, Anthony was a graduate student studying for a Ph.D. in psychology. In the course of his studies, Anthony came to be associated with a Dr. George Bakouras and the Bakouras Foundation. Suffice it to say that there existed a good bit of hostility between Dr. Bakouras and other psychologists in Oklahoma City, including Dr. Sternlof and Dr. Sisney.
On February 20, 1980, a Southwestern Bell Telephone Company employee discovered wiretapping equipment on a telephone pole which serviced Dr. Sternlof's home. Upon investigation, it was determined that there was no court authorization for surveillance of the Sternlof's phone. The telephone company then informed the F.B.I. of the situation.
That evening F.B.I. agents set up surveillance of the area surrounding the telephone pole. In the early morning hours of February 21, 1980 the agents observed Anthony approach the area in a 1980 Oldsmobile Cutlass. They then observed Anthony bend over a fishing tackle box containing the wiretapping device. When the agents arrested Anthony he was wearing yellow latex gloves and had a cassette tape in his possession.
A subsequent search of the automobile, pursuant to a warrant, yielded more blank cassette tapes and a CB radio with magnetic mount antenna. In addition to the search warrant for the car, a search warrant for Anthony's residence was issued on the basis of an affidavit sworn to by F.B.I. Agent Coy A. Copeland. The search of the house resulted in the seizure of a quantity of electrical and electronic equipment, blank and recorded cassette tapes, file folders bearing the names of Dr. Sternlof and Dr. Sisney, photographs of the Sternlof and Sisney homes, and various other incriminating evidence. The fruits of this search led to the discovery of taps on the phones of Dr. Sisney and Dr. Lucas.
At trial, Anthony testified in his own defense. Anthony testified that in January of 1980 he was contacted by a woman identifying herself as Carol Sherman. Ms. Sherman allegedly told Anthony that she was conducting an investigation at the request of a spouse of an opponent of the Bakouras Foundation. Ms. Sherman allegedly provided Anthony with information tending to establish a conspiracy between Dr. Sternlof and Dr. Sisney to drive Dr. Bakouras out of business. Ms. Sherman enlisted Anthony's help in conducting her investigation. Anthony claims that he believed that the wiretapping activity was being conducted with the consent of the spouse of one of the subscribers to the intercepted lines. He claimed that on the night of his arrest Ms. Sherman was with him in the car but that in the confusion surrounding the arrest she slipped away unnoticed. The defense contended that it was unable to locate Ms. Sherman to testify at the trial.
Although there were numerous motions and memoranda filed in this case, we are primarily concerned in Anthony's direct appeal with a motion to suppress the evidence gathered from the search of Anthony's residence and a motion for a new trial based upon governmental misconduct. Both motions were denied by the trial court. Dr. Sisney's appeal stems from Anthony's post-trial motions for a new trial on the basis of newly discovered evidence and for discovery of certain tapes, including tapes of conversations intercepted from the Sisney household (hereinafter referred to as the Sisney tapes). These motions were made while Anthony's direct appeal was pending in this court. In response to Anthony's motion for discovery of the tapes, Dr. Sisney filed a motion to intervene for the purposes of opposing Anthony's discovery motion and to move to suppress the contents of the tapes obtained by the tap on his phone. The trial court denied Sisney's motion and granted Anthony's motion for discovery to the extent of an in camera review of the tapes by defense counsel for the limited purposes of presenting evidence on the motion for new trial. This court stayed the trial court's order pending this appeal by Dr. Sisney.
In Anthony's direct appeal from his conviction, he presents four contentions of error involving (1) the sufficiency of the affidavit for the search warrant authorizing the search of Anthony's residence; (2) the propriety of the trial court's action in denying his motion for a new trial based upon governmental misconduct; (3) the effect of certain jury instructions; and (4) the application of the Jencks Act.
In the Sisney appeal, two issues are presented. First we must decide whether or not the trial court erred in finding that Sisney did not have standing to oppose Anthony's discovery motion, and second, whether the trial court's order granting Anthony limited discovery of the tapes was error.
We affirm Anthony's conviction for unlawful interception of wire communications in violation of 18 U.S.C.A. § 2511(1)(a). We reverse the trial court's order granting discovery of the Sisney tapes.
Anthony alleges that the trial court erred in finding that the affidavit supporting the search warrant issued for the search of his residence contained sufficient information to establish probable cause to believe that evidence of illegal wiretapping would be found there.
The affidavit executed by F.B.I. Agent Copeland basically set forth the circumstances leading up to Anthony's arrest and recited that Anthony's address was listed on a car rental agreement for the Oldsmobile, that upon being booked Anthony gave the same address and that Agent Copeland had personally observed the residence which he described. The affidavit also described the device used to intercept communications from the Sternlof phone. Based upon these facts, Agent Copeland stated that he had reason to believe that proofs of purchases of electronic equipment and other evidence in the form of electronic equipment were being concealed at the Anthony residence.
Our review of the sufficiency of an affidavit for a search warrant is limited and we will give deference to the issuing magistrate's determination of probable cause. United States v. Rahn, 511 F.2d 290 (10th Cir. 1975), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 825, 96 S.Ct. 41, 46 L.Ed.2d 42 (1975). In determining whether or not probable cause exists to believe that evidence of a crime will be found at the place to be searched, the magistrate is entitled to rely upon practical considerations of everyday life. Brinegar v. United States, 338 U.S. 160, 69 S.Ct. 1302, 93 L.Ed. 1879 (1949).
From the description in the affidavit of the recording device,1 it was not unreasonable for the magistrate to assume that this device had to be assembled. Taking this assumption one step further, it was reasonable to assume that Anthony might have assembled the device at his residence. United States v. Melvin, 596 F.2d 492 (1st Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 837, 100 S.Ct. 73, 62 L.Ed.2d 48 (1979); United States v. McCann, 465 F.2d 147 (5th Cir. 1972), cert. denied, 412 U.S. 927, 93 S.Ct. 2747, 37 L.Ed.2d 154 (1973). The following language from United States v. Lucarz, 430 F.2d 1051 (9th Cir. 1970) appropriately embodies this principle:
The situation here does not differ markedly from other cases wherein this court and others, albeit usually without discussion, have upheld searches although the nexus between the items to be seized and the place to be searched rested not on direct observation, as in the normal search-and-seizure case, but on the type of crime, the nature of the missing items, the extent of the suspect's opportunity for concealment, and normal inferences as to where a criminal would be likely to hide stolen property.
430 F.2d at p. 1055. Quoted with approval in United States v. Rahn, supra.
Anthony contends that because nobody directly observed any evidence of the crime at his residence and because he had no opportunity to conceal evidence there after his arrest, it was unreasonable to assume that evidence of the crime would be found at his home. However, as we noted in United States v. Rahn, supra, at p. 293 "(t)he affidavit need not contain information providing '... certainty that the objects sought will be found as a result of the search.' Porter v. United States, 335 F.2d 602 (9th Cir. 1964), cert. denied, 379 U.S. 983, 85 S.Ct. 695, 13 L.Ed.2d 574 (1965)." Nor, is it necessary for the affidavit to contain a recital that someone had personally observed evidence at the defendant's residence when it is reasonable to assume that certain types of evidence would be kept at a defendant's residence.
The main feature that distinguishes Anthony's case and the cases we have cited above from the cases Anthony cites and relies on in his brief, particularly United States v. Flanagan, 423 F.2d 745 (5th Cir. 1970), is the nature of the evidence believed to be concealed at the defendant's residence. The device Anthony used to effectuate his crime had to be assembled. Thus, it differs markedly from the fruits of a crime, such as stolen merchandise, which lack the necessary nexus to the place to be searched.
Moreover, Anthony's situation is more akin to that present in United States v. Haala, 532 F.2d 1324 (10th Cir. 1976). In Haala we upheld the validity of a search warrant for the search of the defendant's dormitory room in Iowa and her apartment in Minnesota. The defendant was charged with sending an explosive through the mails. The affidavit in support of the search warrant alleged that the defendant's fingerprint was found on the wrappings of the explosive, that she had a motive for sending the explosive, and that she had the knowledge to assemble the explosive. Thus, in finding that the affidavit was sufficient to establish probable cause to believe that evidence of the crime would be found at the defendant's residences we recognized that it was reasonable to assume that evidence of an assembled device would be found at the defendant's home. Similarly, we find that Agent Copeland's affidavit in support of the search warrant for Anthony's home was sufficient to establish the requisite probable cause.
As a second assignment of error, Anthony contends that the trial court erred in denying, without a hearing, his post-trial motion for new trial based on governmental misconduct. In conjunction with his appeal, Anthony filed a motion to supplement the record with the grand jury testimony of Agent Coy A. Copeland and transcripts of telephone conversations between Assistant United States Attorney Susie Pritchett and Kitty Duncan, an employee at the Bakouras Foundation, which allegedly establish the governmental misconduct.
It appears that Anthony knew of the existence of the grand jury testimony prior to trial, and although it was Jencks Act material, he did not request it. Furthermore, Anthony had knowledge of and access to the tapes of the conversations between Susie Pritchett and Kitty Duncan at the time of trial. These documents were not introduced into evidence at trial and, thus, they are not part of the record on appeal.
Prior to oral argument on appeal, this court granted Anthony's motion to supplement the record. The Government then filed a motion for reconsideration of the court's order which was denied without prejudice. At oral argument, the Government renewed this motion. On reconsideration, we now hold that Anthony's motion to supplement the record must be denied. F.R.A.P. Rule 10(e), 28 U.S.C.A., allows a party to supplement the record on appeal. However, it does not grant a license to build a new record. Fleming v. Gulf Oil Corporation, 547 F.2d 908 (10th Cir. 1977), Borden, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission, 495 F.2d 785 (7th Cir. 1974).
Thus, in considering the issue of governmental misconduct we are confined to a review of the original record on appeal. Anthony does not direct our attention to any specific instance of governmental misconduct appearing on the record other than some general testimony concerning the tapes of conversations between Kitty Duncan and Susie Pritchett. Regardless of the lack of evidence to substantiate the claim of governmental misconduct, we need not, in any event, reach the merits of the claim inasmuch as the trial court properly denied Anthony's motion for a new trial on the grounds that it was untimely filed. Anthony's original motion for a new trial was timely filed. However, it did not allege governmental misconduct as a ground therefor. The first allegation of governmental misconduct was made in a supplemental memorandum filed after the period for filing a motion for new trial had expired. In denying Anthony's motion, the trial court properly relied upon United States v. Newman, 456 F.2d 668 (3d Cir. 1972). The court there held that a defendant may not amend his motion for a new trial to include a new ground after expiration of the period prescribed by Fed.Rules Cr.Proc. rule 33, 18 U.S.C.A. Consequently we hold that the trial court did not err in denying Anthony's motion for a new trial based upon governmental misconduct.
Anthony further contends that the trial court erred in refusing to give a requested instruction. The requested instruction2 basically sets forth the defense of consent. It states that if a party to a conversation or one who has the care, custody or control of the communication equipment gives consent to an interception, then the interception is lawful. This instruction differs slightly from the instruction concerning consent that was given by the trial court.3
The instruction given was almost a verbatim recital of 18 U.S.C.A., § 2511(2) (d). The only difference between the two instructions is that Anthony's requested instruction included the consent of a party who had the care, custody or control of the phone as a defense. This instruction embodies Anthony's defense that a spouse of one of the subscribers of the intercepted line had given Carol Sherman consent to tap the line and that inasmuch as Anthony was working with Carol Sherman, the admitted interception was lawful.
In our view, even if a spouse had given permission to Carol Sherman to tap the phone, such permission would not render the interceptions legal. On the issue of the legality of interspousal wiretaps United States v. Jones, 542 F.2d 661 (6th Cir. 1976), undertook an exhaustive review of Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act, which includes 18 U.S.C.A. § 2511 under which Anthony was convicted. The court there concluded that there was no statutory exception in the Act for interspousal wiretaps.
The opposite result was reached in Simpson v. Simpson, 490 F.2d 803 (5th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 419 U.S. 897, 95 S.Ct. 176, 42 L.Ed.2d 141 (1974), on which Anthony places heavy reliance. However, even though the Simpson court recognized an interspousal exception to the wiretapping statutes, it noted that third-party wiretapping, even with a spouse's consent, would violate the Act because it entails a greater invasion of privacy than a tap by the consenting spouse personally. 490 F.2d at p. 809.
Accordingly, we hold that Anthony's requested instruction was an incorrect statement of the law. The court did not err in refusing to give it.
Anthony also alleges that the trial court committed plain error in giving the following instruction:
It is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the defendant knew that a particular act or failure to act is a violation of law. Unless and until outweighed by evidence in the case to the contrary, the presumption is that every person knows what the law forbids, and what the law requires to be done. However, evidence that the accused acted or failed to act because of ignorance of the law, is to be considered by the jury, in determining whether or not the accused acted or failed to act with specific intent, as charged.
Anthony contends that this instruction shifts the burden of proof to the defendant on the issue of specific intent which entails the determination of the willfulness of his act. If the instruction did in fact shift the burden of proof it was error to give it. Sandstrom v. Montana, 442 U.S. 510, 99 S.Ct. 2450, 61 L.Ed.2d 39 (1979). The determination of whether or not an instruction shifts the burden of proof rests upon the interpretation that a reasonable juror would give to the instruction. In the Sandstrom case the jury was "told that a person intends the ordinary consequences of his voluntary acts." 442 U.S. at p. 517, 99 S.Ct. at p. 2455. However, the instruction did not inform the jury that this presumption could be rebutted. In Anthony's case, not only was the jury instructed that the presumption that a person knows what the law forbids could be rebutted, but the jurors were also instructed that they must consider ignorance of the law as bearing on the issue of specific intent.
In reviewing this instruction, together with all the other instructions, as we are compelled to do, United States v. Beitscher, 467 F.2d 269 (10th Cir. 1972), we hold that a reasonable juror would not have interpreted the instruction to mean that Anthony had the burden of proving a lack of willfulness in his act. The giving of the instruction did not constitute error.
We have considered Anthony's brief mention of alleged error concerning Jencks Act material and find it to be without merit. Accordingly, Anthony's conviction for unlawful interception of wire communications is affirmed.
In a consolidated appeal, Dr. Vernon Sisney appeals from the trial court's determination that he was without standing to object to Anthony's motion for discovery of the illegal tapes made by Anthony in connection with his motion for a new trial based on newly discovered evidence. After determining that Sisney did not have standing, the trial court issued an order allowing Anthony in camera inspection of the illegal tapes for the limited purposes of presenting evidence on his motion for a new trial.
We granted a temporary stay of the trial court's order pending disposition of this appeal. Thus, we are confronted first with the question of whether or not Dr. Sisney has standing to object to disclosure of the tapes and, secondly, whether or not the trial court erred in allowing limited disclosure of the tapes. We emphasize that this appeal is limited to the issue of disclosure in regards to the Sisney tapes only.
Dr. Vernon Sisney was a participant in telephone conversations that were recorded without his knowledge or consent or the knowledge or consent of the other parties to the conversations, including family members and patients of Dr. Sisney. Dr. Sisney was the owner of the premises subjected to the electronic surveillance.
The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act, 18 U.S.C.A. § 2518(10)(a) provides that,
Any aggrieved person in any trial, hearing, or proceeding in or before any court, department, officer, agency, regulatory body, or other authority of the United States, a State, or a political subdivision thereof, may move to suppress the contents of any intercepted wire or oral communication, or evidence derived therefrom, on the grounds that-
(i) the communication was unlawfully intercepted;
(ii) the order of authorization or approval under which it was intercepted is insufficient on its face; or
(iii) the interception was not made in conformity with the order of authorization or approval.
An aggrieved person is defined in 18 U.S.C.A. § 2510(11) as,
"aggrieved person" means a person who was a party to any intercepted wire or oral communication or a person against whom the interception was directed.
The trial court ruled that these statutes did not confer standing on Dr. Sisney. Relying on a footnote in United States v. Liddy, 354 F.Supp. 217 (D.D.C.1973), rev'd unpublished opinion, United States v. Liddy and Allen, No. 73-1020 (D.C.Cir. Jan. 19, 1973) the trial court found that these statutes apply only to illegal court-authorized wiretaps and not to tapping or bugging by private individuals. We must hold that this interpretation of the statutes is clearly erroneous in light of 18 U.S.C.A. § 2518(10)(a). That subsection allows an aggrieved person to move to suppress the tapes on three different grounds, one of which is that the communication was unlawfully intercepted. The other two grounds pertain to court approved wiretaps which nonetheless are illegal because the authorization was insufficient or the manner of the interception exceeded the authorization. If Congress had intended the statutes to apply only to illegal government taps, they would logically have limited the first ground for a motion to suppress to read "interception of communications without court authorization ". Inasmuch as, under the Act, the government is the only entity recognized for purpose of court authorization, such limiting language would imply that the statutes apply only to illegal taps by the government. Furthermore, it is ironic to contend that these statutes do not apply to private persons for purposes of a motion to suppress in light of the fact that Anthony, a private person, was prosecuted under statutes contained in the same Act.
We hold that Dr. Sisney is an aggrieved person under the Act, that he has standing to object to Anthony's motion for discovery of the Sisney tapes and that he has standing to bring his motion to suppress.
Anthony contends that the trial court's order granting discovery is an interlocutory order and consequently non-appealable. We recognize that a discovery order is an interlocutory order. However, we believe that the present situation comes within the exception to the rule of non-appealability set forth in Cohen v. Beneficial Loan Corp., 337 U.S. 541, 69 S.Ct. 1221, 93 L.Ed. 1528 (1949). Cohen recognized that certain interlocutory orders are appealable "when they have a final and irreparable effect on the rights of the parties." 337 U.S. at p. 545, 69 S.Ct. at p. 1225. Dr. Sisney's right to suppress the tapes would be totally and irreparably lost if disclosure is allowed, even under the protections afforded by the trial court's order. The present case is but one aspect of the underlying situation in Oklahoma City which has attracted widespread attention. There are too many persons involved in the underlying conflict to ensure the confidentiality of these tapes beyond the in camera hearing on the motion for a new trial. Consequently, we deem it necessary, in the interest of justice, to reach the heart of this matter.
We turn now to the question of whether or not Anthony is entitled to discovery of the tapes.
At the onset, Anthony contends that since he was not convicted of tapping Dr. Sisney's phone there has not been a finding that the interceptions were "in violation of this chapter", and therefore the Sisney tapes are not precluded from disclosure. The statutes prohibit disclosure of tapes when the person seeking to disclose the contents of the tapes knows or has reason to know that the tapes were illegally obtained. It is undisputed that there was no court authorization for the tap and that Dr. Sisney did not consent to the tap. Consequently, the tapes were obtained in violation of the statutes. It is immaterial that the jury did not find beyond a reasonable doubt that it was Anthony who illegally tapped Dr. Sisney's phone.
This issue concerning disclosure of illegally intercepted communications was addressed in Gelbard v. United States, 408 U.S. 41, 92 S.Ct. 2357, 33 L.Ed.2d 179 (1972). That case involved an appeal by witnesses to a grand jury proceeding from their contempt citations for refusing to answer certain questions, the answers to which would necessarily divulge the contents of illegally intercepted communications. The Court noted that 18 U.S.C.A. § 2511(1), in addition to declaring unauthorized wiretaps illegal, renders it illegal to disclose the contents of the wiretaps. In discussing the overall scheme of Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act, the Court said,
The purposes of § 2515 and Title III as a whole would be subverted were the plain command of § 2515 ignored when the victim of an illegal interception is called as a witness before a grand jury and asked questions based upon that interception. Moreover, § 2515 serves not only to protect the privacy of communications, but also to ensure that the courts do not become partners to illegal conduct: (Footnote omitted).
408 U.S. at p. 51, 92 S.Ct. at p. 2362.
The Court further observed:
... to compel the testimony of these witnesses compounds the statutorily proscribed invasion of their privacy by adding to the injury of the interception the insult of compelled disclosure. And, of course, Title III makes illegal not only unauthorized interceptions, but also the disclosure and use of information obtained through such interceptions. 18 U.S.C. § 2511(1); see 18 U.S.C. § 2520. Hence, if the prohibition of § 2515 is not available as a defense to the contempt charge, disclosure through compelled testimony makes the witness the victim, once again, of a federal crime.
In the instant case, the trial court recognized the Gelbard decision in refusing to grant Anthony's motion for disclosure of the tapes made during the course of the trial. However, in ruling upon the later motion for disclosure made in conjunction with the motion for a new trial, the trial court said that Gelbard and other cases had "not foreclosed the possibility that the contents of the tapes might be admissible for impeachment purposes." (Order of August 25, 1981).
In support of its conclusion that illegal wiretap evidence may be used for impeachment purposes the court relied upon United States v. Caron, 474 F.2d 506 (5th Cir. 1973). In Caron, the defendant assigned as error the trial court's admission of evidence procured by wiretap for impeachment purposes when there was no determination that the wiretap was legal. The court held that this evidence was admissible for impeachment purposes regardless of whether or not it was legally or illegally obtained. The court based this decision on the legislative history of Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act. The legislative history of 18 U.S.C.A. § 2515 indicates that the section was not intended "to press the scope of the suppression role beyond present search and seizure law." S.Rep.No.1097, 90th Cong., 2nd Sess. Reprinted in (1968) U.S.Code Cong. & Ad.News 2112, 2184. Normal search and seizure laws have arisen in the context of the Fourth Amendment which is directed against the government, not against private individuals. Therefore, the search and seizure rules which allow the government to use illegally seized evidence for impeachment purposes, while applicable as in the Caron case to permit the government to use wiretap evidence to impeach the defendant, are not applicable to our situation inasmuch as Anthony is a private person. Thus, Fourth Amendment search and seizure rules do not come into play.
We find support for the position that a defendant charged with illegal wiretapping is precluded from using the illegal evidence to impeach a government witness in the text of Title III and the overall legislative history of the Act. Even when a wiretap is legal, the information derived from the wiretaps may only be disclosed under certain circumstances. 18 U.S.C.A. § 2517. The only circumstance that could be applicable in Anthony's case is contained in 18 U.S.C.A. § 2517(3). That subsection provides,
Any person who has received, by any means authorized by this chapter, any information concerning a wire or oral communication, or evidence derived therefrom intercepted in accordance with the provisions of this chapter may disclose the contents of that communication ... (Emphasis supplied).
In reviewing the legislative history of 18 U.S.C.A. § 2517(3) we observe that Congress recognized the use of wiretapped evidence for impeachment purposes. After repeating the text of subsection (3), it is said, "It envisions, of course, the use and disclosure of such evidence at trial ... to impeach (People v. Hughes, 203 Cal.App.2d 598, 21 Cal.Rptr. 668 (1962)), a witness' testimony ..." S.Rep.No.1097, 90th Cong., 2nd Sess. Reprinted in (1968) U.S.Code Cong. & Ad.News, 2188-89. In People v. Hughes, supra, the court ruled that it was not error for the trial court to admit evidence of a taped conversation between the defendant and his wife and daughter for impeachment purposes. The wife and daughter consented to the interception of the conversation; accordingly, the evidence was legally obtained. Hence, we conclude that Congress did not intend to authorize the use of illegally obtained evidence for impeachment purposes. We deem this conclusion reasonable in light of the overall purposes of Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act as set forth in the legislative history,
Virtually all concede that the use of wiretapping or electronic surveillance techniques by private unauthorized hands has little justification where communications are intercepted without the consent of one of the participants. No one quarrels with the proposition that the unauthorized use of these techniques by law enforcement agents should be prohibited .... Only by striking at all aspects of the problem can privacy be adequately protected. The prohibition, too, must be enforced with all appropriate sanctions. Criminal penalties have their part to play. But other remedies must be afforded the victim of an unlawful invasion of privacy. Provision must be made for civil recourse for damages. The perpetrator must be denied the fruits of his unlawful actions in civil and criminal proceedings. Each of these objectives is sought by the proposed legislation. (Emphasis supplied).
S.Rep.No.1097, 90th Cong., 2nd Sess. Reprinted in (1968) U.S.Code Cong. & Ad.News, 2156.
Anthony nonetheless claims that if he is denied access to the illegal tapes for impeachment purposes his Sixth Amendment right to confrontation will be effectively foreclosed. Anthony seeks to align himself with victims of illegal wiretaps by citing to Alderman v. United States, 394 U.S. 165, 89 S.Ct. 961, 22 L.Ed.2d 176 (1969), reh. denied, 394 U.S. 939, 89 S.Ct. 1177, 22 L.Ed.2d 475 (1969), in which the defendant who was the victim of a wiretap sought discovery of the taped conversations. The Alderman court allowed discovery of the tapes to the defendant/victim under a protective order. The protective order was necessary to protect the interest of third parties not involved in the case, who were parties to the conversations. Contrary to what Anthony urges us to believe, the Court reasoned that since the defendant/victim already knew who these people were and most likely what was said, the protective order was sufficient to protect those third parties' interests.
Anthony also relies on Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308, 94 S.Ct. 1105, 39 L.Ed.2d 347 (1974) and United States v. Bates, 617 F.2d 585 (10th Cir. 1980). Those opinions held that, for impeachment purposes, the defendant's Sixth Amendment right to cross-examination overrode the witness' statutory right to confidentiality in juvenile records. Those cases are distinguishable from the present case inasmuch as the defendants in Davis and Bates sought discovery of legally obtained evidence, whereas Anthony seeks discovery of illegally obtained evidence.
Assuming, arguendo, that a defendant does have a right to use illegally seized evidence to impeach the credibility of a witness, that right is not absolute. A defendant may not use discovery as a fishing expedition. Anthony has not directed our attention to any specific testimony of any witness that could potentially be impeached. Anthony simply alleges,
The record demonstrates that, as trial witnesses, (sic) Dr. Sisney testified in contradiction to facts which appear on the tape recordings in issue, and that the tape recordings contain material of a substantially impeaching character.
(Appellee's Memorandum in Support of Motion to Dismiss Appeal and to Dissolve Stay, p. 10).
In attempting to establish the impeaching character of the tapes, Anthony constantly tries to distort the issue of his guilt by raising the propriety of Dr. Sisney's and other psychologists' actions in regard to Dr. Bakouras. In essence, Anthony would have us put Dr. Sisney on trial. Even had Dr. Sisney conspired with other psychologists to run Dr. Bakouras out of business, such evidence would not justify the interceptions or establish a lack of willfulness on Anthony's part. If such were the case, whenever a party had a grievance against another, the grievance would justify the use of illegal means to prove the validity of the grievance. This kind of conduct is exactly what the statutes are designed to control, i. e., private individuals may not take the law into their own hands.
The hostility between the psychologists provides some background for the case, but it is certainly collateral to the issue of whether or not Anthony willfully intercepted wire communications without court authorization. The impeaching character of this evidence cannot be allowed to obscure the issue of Anthony's guilt.
Moreover, Anthony's case is akin to the situation presented in United States v. Liddy, 509 F.2d 428 (D.C.Cir.1974), cert. denied, 420 U.S. 911, 95 S.Ct. 833, 42 L.Ed.2d 842 (1975), wherein the appellant charged with illegal wiretapping contended that the court's refusal to disclose the contents of the tape violated his Sixth Amendment right to cross-examine. The court said,
Appellant was given ample opportunity to cross-examine Baldwin regarding the details of the wiretapping operation, his identifications of Liddy, and his ability to identify certain voices. Although questioning regarding the contents of the conversations which Baldwin allegedly overheard might have provided an additional area in which to test his credibility, such an examination was not required to afford appellant a fair opportunity to test the truth of the direct testimony. Under the circumstances of this case, the order prohibiting disclosure of the contents of the intercepted conversations vindicated the rights of the movants without undue interference with the rights of the accused.
509 F.2d at p. 446.
In light of the voluminous record and testimony concerning the hostility between Dr. Sisney and George Bakouras with whom Anthony was associated, we have no doubt that Anthony had ample opportunity for impeachment of the government witnesses.
Anthony also charges that government attorneys committed perjury in that they informed the trial court originally that the F.B.I. had reviewed certain tapes and that the tapes contained no exculpatory material. Later, Agent Copeland of the F.B.I. filed an affidavit that represented that neither he nor the F.B.I. had listened to the "Gillespie" tapes or the "Susie Pritchett" tapes. We fail to see the connection between the alleged perjury and the issue on this appeal, which is, whether or not Anthony is entitled to the Sisney tapes for impeachment purposes.
Although Anthony's argument is somewhat vague, it appears that his contention is that disclosure of the tapes is required to determine if the tapes contain exculpatory material. Under Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 83 S.Ct. 1194, 10 L.Ed.2d 215 (1963) the prosecution is required to disclose to the defense exculpatory material or evidence favorable to an accused. The present situation is unique in this regard. As noted in Gelbard v. United States, supra, disclosure of illegally intercepted communications is a crime in and of itself. It follows that if the sought-after material falls within the prohibition established in Gelbard, it is not admissible in evidence. Thus, if we were to require the prosecution to disclose the contents of the tapes for purposes of ascertaining whether they contain exculpatory material, we would cast the prosecution in the role of a party to a crime. The Brady rule is designed to insure that the defendant receives a fair trial. However, the defendant's right to a fair trial does not encompass a right to profit from the fruits of his crime. Accordingly we find no merit in Anthony's contention.
Having decided that Dr. Sisney has standing to object to disclosure of the tapes and that Anthony is not entitled to the Sisney tapes for impeachment purposes, we need not decide whether the physician-patient privilege is applicable to the tapes.
The trial court's order denying Dr. Sisney standing to object to disclosure or to move to suppress the tapes, and further granting discovery of the Sisney tapes is reversed. The stay order on disclosure is made permanent.
The statement of Special Agent Errol Lee Myers, Federal Bureau of Investigation, on February 21, 1980, that he seized and inventoried the contents of the device used to intercept wire communications of the residence of Dr. Richard Sternlof. The device consisted of the following:
Adventurer tackle box, Model 1203
One PowerSonic Battery, Model PS 645, 6V. 4.5 Amp-Hr., # 01830
One Panasonic cassette tape recorder, AutoStop C, AC/Battery Model
One Archer Telephone Recording Control device, Catalog # 43236
Red, black, brown and gray electrical wire and connectors
You are instructed that it is not unlawful under this statute for an individual to intercept a wire communication where one of the parties to the communication has given prior consent to such interception or where a person who has care, custody or control of the equipment used for the transmission of the wire communication has given prior consent to such interception
It is not unlawful for a person not acting under color of law to intercept a wire communication where such person is a party to the communication or where one of the parties to the communication has given prior consent to such interception unless such communication is intercepted for the purpose of committing any criminal or tortious act in violation of the Constitution or laws of the United States or of any State or for the purpose of committing any other injurious act


These beautiful Sister Loves silk scarves are made in England and printed with the hand drawings of tattoo artist and talented illustrator, Vera Kudrina. A variety of luxury fabrics feature the Darwin collection designs, including Crepe de Chine, Silk Georgette, Silk and Wool, and Silk Twill. Expect elaborate botanical-style drawings of beetles, moths, dragonflies and other insects.
The drawings have been scaled to look beautiful and intriguing both when displayed in full and when wrapped around the neck. These scarves are androgynous and can be worn by both men and women.


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Science, Tech, Math › Science
Mount Wilson Observatory: Where Astronomy History Was Made
Mount Wilson Observatory and the CHARA array.
Gerard T. Van Belle, Public domain.
An Introduction to Astronomy
Important Astronomers
Stars, Planets, and Galaxies
Carolyn Collins Petersen
Astronomy Expert
M.S., Journalism and Mass Communications, University of Colorado - Boulder
B.S., Education, University of Colorado
Carolyn Collins Petersen is an astronomy expert and the author of seven books on space science. She previously worked on a Hubble Space Telescope instrument team.
High in the San Gabriel mountains, north of the busy Los Angeles basin, the telescopes at the Mount Wilson Observatory have been watching the skies for more than a century. Through its venerable instruments, astronomers have made discoveries that have changed humanity's understanding of the universe.
Fast Facts: Mount Wilson Observatory
Mount Wilson Observatory has four telescopes, three solar towers, and four interferometer arrays. The largest telescope is the 100-inch Hooker Telescope.
One of the most important discoveries made at Mount Wilson in its early years was by Edwin P. Hubble. He found that the Andromeda "Nebula" is actually a separate galaxy.
The CHARA Array on Mount Wilson was used in 2013 to detect starspots on the star Zeta Andromedae, and in 2007, it made the first measurement of the angular diameter of a planet around another star.
Today, Mount Wilson remains one of the premier observatories in the world, despite the incursions of light pollution that threaten its clear views of the sky. It is run by the Mount Wilson Institute, which took over the administration of the observatory after Carnegie Institution for Science planned to shut it down in 1984. The site has been kept open and running again since the mid-1990s.
Mount Wilson and Observatory ridge aerial photo. Doc Searls, CC BY 2.0
History of Mount Wilson Observatory
Mount Wilson Observatory was built on the 1,740-meter tall Mount Wilson (named for the early settler Benjamin Wilson). It was founded by George Ellery Hale, a solar astronomer devoted to studying and understanding sunspots, and was also one of the key people involved in building telescopes in the early 20th century. He brought the 60-inch Hale reflecting telescope to Mount Wilson, followed by the 100-inch Hooker telescope. He also built a 200-inch telescope at nearby Palomar Mountain, south of Los Angeles. It was Hale's work that eventually inspired Griffith J. Griffith to give money for the Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles.
The observatory at Mount Wilson was originally built with funding by the Carnegie Institution of Washington. In more recent times, it has received funding from universities. It also solicits support from the public in the form of donations for the continued operation of the facilities.
The 100-inch Hooker telescope, once the largest in the world. It is still in use today. Ken Spencer, CC BY-SA 3.0
Challenges and Telescopes
Building world-class telescopes atop the mountain posed a number of challenges for the observatory's founders. Access to the mountain was limited by the rough roads and even rougher terrain. Still, a consortium of people from Harvard, University of Southern California, and Carnegie Institutions began to work on building the observatory. Two telescopes, a 40-inch Alvan Clark instrument, and a 13-inch refractor were ordered for the new site. Harvard astronomers began using the observatory in the late 1880s. Encroaching tourists and the owners of the land made things difficult, and for a time the observatory site shut down. The planned 40-inch telescope was diverted for use at the Yerkes Observatory in Illinois.
Eventually, Hale and others decided to return to Mount Wilson to build new telescopes there. Hale wanted to do stellar spectroscopy as part of new advances in astronomy. After much back-and-forth and negotiations, Hale signed a contract to lease 40 acres at the top of Mount Wilson to build an observatory. In particular, he wanted to create a solar observatory there. It took several years, but eventually, four great telescopes, including the world's largest solar and stellar instruments, would get built on the mountain. Using those facilities, astronomers such as Edwin Hubble made significant discoveries about stars and galaxies.
The Original Mount Wilson Telescopes
The Mount Wilson telescopes were behemoths to build and transport up the mountain. Since few vehicles could make the drive, Hale had to rely on horse-drawn carriages to bring up the mirrors and equipment needed. The result of all the hard work was the building of the Snow Solar Telescope, which was the first one to be installed on the mountain. Joining it was the 60-foot solar tower, and then a 150-foot solar tower. For non-solar viewing, the observatory built the 60-inch Hale Telescope, and then finally the 100-inch Hooker Telescope. The Hooker held the record for many years as the world's largest telescope until the 200-inch was built at Palomar.
The Hale telescope being transported up to the summit of Mount Wilson. Public domain.
Current Instruments
Mount Wilson Observatory eventually gained several solar telescopes over the years. It has also added instruments such as the Infrared Spatial Interferometer. This array gives astronomers another way to study infrared radiation from celestial objects. In addition, there are two stellar interferometers, a 61-cm telescope, and the Caltech Infrared Telescope are also in use on the mountain. In 2004, Georgia State University built an optical interferometer called the CHARA Array (named for the Center for Angular Resolution Astronomy). It's one of the most powerful instruments of its kind.
The top of the solar tower on Mount Wilson. Dave Foc, CC BY-SA 3.0.
Each piece of the Mount Wilson Observatory collection is equipped with state-of-the-art CCD cameras, detector arrays, and spectrometers and spectrographs. All these instruments help astronomers record the observations, create images, and dissect the light that streams from distant objects in the cosmos. In addition, to help correct for atmospheric conditions, the 60-inch telescope has been outfitted with adaptive optics that allow it to get sharper images.
Notable Observations at Mount Wilson
Not long after the largest telescopes were built, astronomers began flocking to use them. In particular, astronomer Edwin P. Hubble used the Hooker to peer out at distant objects that were (at the time) called "spiral nebulae." It was at Mount Wilson that he made his famous observations of Cepheid variable stars in the Andromeda "nebula," and concluded that this object was really a distant and distinct galaxy. That discovery in the Andromeda Galaxy shook the foundations of astronomy. Then, a few years later, Hubble and his assistant, Milton Humason, made further observations that proved the universe is expanding. These observations formed the basis of the modern study of cosmology: the origin and evolution of the universe. Its views of the expanding universe have informed cosmology's constant search for an understanding of such events as the Big Bang.
Edwin P. Hubble, the astronomer who used the Mount Wilson 100-inch telescope to observe distant galaxies. His work led to the discovery of the expanding universe. Public domain
Mount Wilson Observatory has also been used to look for evidence of such things as dark matter, by astronomer Fritz Zwicky, and further work on the different types of stellar populations by Walter Baade. The question of dark matter has been studied by other astronomers as well, including the late Vera Rubin. Some of astronomy's most prominent names have used this facility over the years, including Margaret Harwood, Alan Sandage, and many others. It's still heavily used today and allows remote access to observers from around the world.
Dr. Vera Cooper Rubin in 1970, working on measuring galaxy rotation rates. Vera Rubin
Mount Wilson in the Public Eye
The administration of Mount Wilson Observatory is also dedicated to public outreach and education. To that end, the 60-inch telescope is used for educational observing. The grounds of the observatory are open to visitors, and there are weekend observing sessions and tours available as the weather permits. Hollywood has used Mount Wilson for a filming location, and the world has watched several times via Webcam as the observatory was threatened by wildfires.
"CHARA - Home." Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy, www.chara.gsu.edu/.
Collins, Marvin. "Benjamin's Mountain." Broadcast History, www.oldradio.com/archives/stations/LA/mtwilson1.htm.
"Mount Wilson Observatory." Atlas Obscura, Atlas Obscura, 15 Jan. 2014, www.atlasobscura.com/places/mount-wilson-observatory.
"Mount Wilson Observatory." Mount Wilson Observatory, www.mtwilson.edu/.
Petersen, Carolyn Collins. "Mount Wilson Observatory: Where Astronomy History Was Made." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/mount-wilson-observatory-4587319. Petersen, Carolyn Collins. (2020, August 28). Mount Wilson Observatory: Where Astronomy History Was Made. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/mount-wilson-observatory-4587319 Petersen, Carolyn Collins. "Mount Wilson Observatory: Where Astronomy History Was Made." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/mount-wilson-observatory-4587319 (accessed January 20, 2022).
Griffith Observatory: Public Telescopes Turn Visitors Into Observers
Palomar Observatory, Home of the 200-Inch Hale Telescope
Visit an Observatory, See the Stars, Planets, and Galaxies
Keck Observatory: The Most Scientifically Productive Telescopes
Take a Space-Themed Vacation Here on Earth
Gemini Observatory Provides Complete Coverage of the Sky
12 Iconic Images From Hubble Space Telescope
Biography of Edwin Hubble: the Astronomer Who Discovered the Universe
How Radio Waves Help Us Understand the Universe
What Is Astronomy and Who Does It?
Astronomy: The Science of the Cosmos
Explore Astronomy's Messier Objects
Planets and Planet-hunting: The Search for Exoplanets
An Introduction to Gravitational Lensing
Exploring the Hidden Infrared Universe
Summer Astronomy Programs for High School Students

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Try not to tear up reading this fan letter from a Mexican-American about 'Coco.'
People are loving Pixar's latest film, "Coco."
The animated movie follows Miguel Rivera, a guitar-playing 12-year-old who accidentally winds up in the land of the dead — an otherworldly dimension based on the Mexican holiday, Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead).
Photo by Kevin Winter/Getty Images.
Since its release on Nov. 22, "Coco" has raked in over $100 million domestically in ticket sales and has garnered rave reviews from critics.
But it's arguably the personal connection many fans have had to the characters and their story that's truly made this film special.
On Nov. 29, "Coco" director Lee Unkrich tweeted an email that was sent to Pixar from a woman who'd seen the film.
"I will admit, I feel a little silly emailing such a large company and am pretty sure you won't even read this," her note began. "But I figured I'd give it a try."
The woman, the daughter of Mexican immigrants, explained why the movie meant so much to her:
Growing up, my parents and sisters used to watch Pixar movies all the time. The only problem was that we would have to pause the movie every 5 minutes to explain to my parents what the characters were saying because both of my parents are not very fluent in English. Of course nowadays it is much easier because we are able to select Spanish versions and subtitles. But you can imagine the difficulty in the 90s!
"But now there's 'Coco,'" the woman continued in her letter. "Not only did you make a movie for mi gente, you've also made it viewable in THEATERS in SPANISH!"
"Coco," as she noted, was released in Spanish in many theaters across the country, including in over two dozen cinemas in Southern California alone.
Actor Anthony Gonzalez, who is the voice of Miguel in "Coco." Photo by Vivien Killilea/Getty Images for Vulture Festival.
"Let me explain why this means so much," she continued. "To me, last night, for the first time in my life, I took my mom to the movies. We went to the movies like real Americans do!"
"My mother had tears in her eyes. She hadn't been to a movie theater in over 30 years. She has always felt a bit out of place in the States. But last night, she forgot she was not from here. She felt at home. And of course the movie made us cry too!"
Fans of the film, many of whom could relate to the woman's story, filled the tweet replies with heartwarming messages.
"My 6 year old son said to me 'he (Miguel) looks like me!'" tweeted one person.
"It was my mom's first time in a movie theater in over 15 years as well," tweeted another.
"I felt like a film finally represented me and my culture," another tweet read.
"I felt this movie in my soul," shared another fan.
Diversity in film matters in real-world ways. From the actors and directors bringing the movies to life, to the languages and cultural narratives they tell on screen, "Coco" shows how feeling as though the story reflects you and your story can make a world of difference.
"I apologize for getting so emotional," the woman concluded her letter. "But I want to say, from the bottom of my heart, and from all Mexican-Americans, thank you. Thank you for including us. Thank you for making my mommy feel like she belongs. Thank you."
diversity pixar media representation coco mexican-americans lee unkrich


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2-n-Hexylpyridine is used as an important raw material and intermediate used in Organic Synthesis, Pharmaceuticals, Agrochemicals and Dyestuff.
This product is relativelyunstable under normal temperature. Keep away from strong oxidizing agents.
BJ Deelman.; WM Stevels.; JH Teuben.; MT Lakin. Insertion Chemistry of Yttrium Complex Cp*2Y(2-pyridyl) and Molecular Structure of an Unexpected CO Insertion Product (Cp*2Y)2(.mu.-.eta.2:.eta.2-OC(NC5H4)2). Organometallics. 199413, (10) , 3881-3891.
RC Rowe.; SAC Wren.; AG McKillop. Molecular size/shape effects in the separation of the monosubstituted alkyl pyridines using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis. 199415, (1) , 635-639.


In the blog, I am gonna show you how to download Odin 3.13.1 For PC or how to download Odin 3.13.1 for Android 8.0 Oreo Firmware.The popular Samsung firmware flashing tool has been updated to support all the latest Android 8.0 Oreo firmware.
In the previous month, we saw Samsung start to push final Android Oreo builds to both Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus. Odin 3.13.1 has been released for Samsung Galaxy devices.The latest version of Odin 3.13.1 For PC is here.
Samsung Galaxy owners can download the Odin 3.13.1 for PC from here now. The latest version of Odin is available only for Windows. Odin3 v3.13.1 supports the new compression method implemented by Samsung on its firmware files. Odin 3.13.1 supports all latest phones like the Galaxy S8, S8 Plus, Note 8, Galaxy S9, S9 Plus and all the previous handsets as well.
Now you have to extract the downloaded Odin3 v3.13.1 zip file.
You will get several files after extracting it.
The Odin3.exe file is the one that you will launch to access the tool.
In the tool, you can find AP, BL, CP, CSC and User Data tabs.
You will load the firmware files in the AP, BL, CP and CSC tabs in order to install a firmware manually.
Generally, the only options that should be ticked in Odin are Auto Reboot and F.Reset.Time. No other options should be ticked.
In order to allow Odin to install a firmware, recovery or a root file on your phone, the OEM Unlocking should be enabled on it. That's all.


Vision: IIP is committed to provide high quality education, training & research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, to produce competent Pharmacists with entrepreneurship and innovative skills and to strengthen the industry – institution interactions for mutual benefits.
Mission: To stand eminent as a centre of excellence by producing competent Pharmacists to meet the challenges of the global health concern. The key component of our mission is to provides a quality education that effectively integrates critical thinking, problem-solving and leadership skills.


The 18th annual "Marion County Student Media Festival" will begin at 7 p.m. Friday at Marion Technical Institute auditorium, 1614 E. Fort King St., Ocala. The festival will showcase work created by video production students throughout Marion County Public Schools at all grade levels. It can be watched live on the Marion Education Channel and on YouTube at MCPSmedia.
The Tri-County R/C Airplane Flying Club will hold the 19th annual Big Bird R/C Fly-In beginning with an 8:30 a.m. pilots meeting Saturday at Rainbow R/C/ Park, 12175 S. Bridges Road, Dunnellon. Model planes 60 inches or larger, poker run, food, and more. $2 per car for spectators; $5 pilot landing fee. Call 954-249-5601.
The Ocala Ladies of the Elks will hold their annual Spring Fashion Show at 10 a.m. Saturday at the Elks Club, 702 NE 25th Ave., Ocala. Resort wear by Tiffany, shopping, food, raffles and more. $35; RSVP required. Call 266-5328 or 895-3042.
The Quarterly Memorial Ceremony will begin at 10 a.m. Saturday at the Ocala/Marion County Veterans Memorial Park at 2601 SE Fort King St., Ocala. It is hosted by Marion County Veterans Services and the Veterans Council. It will include a reading of the names of veterans who died in the last quarter and more. Call 671-8422.
An Ocala Calligraphy Guild workshop will be held 10 a.m.-3 p.m. Saturday at the Marion County Sheriff's Office, 692 NW 30th Ave, Ocala. Barbara Fife will teach "batarde," an elegant cursive gothic style lettering. $45; registration required. Email ocalacalligraphy@yahoo.com.
The Woman's Club of Dunnellon will hold a "Cruise Into Spring" fashion show and luncheon at 11 a.m. Saturday at First Baptist Church of Dunnellon, 20831 Powell Road, Dunnellon. Fashions from Betty's Boutique, raffles, auctions and more. Proceeds benefit scholarships and community organizations. $20. Call 465-1393.
Brick City Cat Hospital will hold an open house 11 a.m.-1 p.m. Saturday at 702 S. Magnolia Ave., Ocala. Door prizes, special drawing and refreshments. Visit brickcitycat.com.


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Alabama Fining Coronavirus Quarantine Violators
Jul 7, 2020 04:19 AM By Jan Cortes
As per a new update, anyone who fails to abide by coronavirus quarantine rules and precautions in Alabama can receive a fine of up to $500.
Coronavirus Quarantine Violation Can Lead To A $500 Fine
Through a four-day period that surrounded the Fourth of July holiday, the state of Alabama experienced a surge of COVID-19 cases that went up to the thousands, per the Alabama Department of Public Health (ADPH).
In fact, the state reported 1,758 new cases last Friday, which were then quickly followed by 997 more just a mere day after on Saturday. There were also some 1,090 new cases on Sunday that was followed by 925 cases on Monday. These brought a total of 4,771 new cases during the very short 4-day time frame, which then increased the state's total to 44,375 cases.
Additionally, the state also reported 984 deaths during the weekend.
Because of this, the Alabama Department of Health has placed a fine system for coronavirus quarantine violations in an attempt to help bring down the numbers. Failure to abide by the rules of the quarantine can then lead up to $500 per violation.
Calling COVID-19 a "dangerous, and sometimes, deadly virus," the ADPH then urged everyone to stay inside and remain in quarantine for the time that ADPH itself has specified in order to help bring down the number of cases.
"Violation of the home quarantine is a misdemeanor and fines for each violation can be up to $500," the health agency said in a statement. Furthermore, the agency also said that any suspected violations should immediately be reported to law enforcement, as well as the county health department.
Additionally, anyone who tests positive for the virus should also stay at home for at least 14 days or at least any other period that's been designated by an actual health officer. Everyone in quarantine are also expected to stay inside their homes unless they need to leave for some necessary medical treatment. People who took a COVID-19 test are also expected to stay at home while waiting for their results.
Slower clearance of coronavirus infection may explain why men fare worse than women. Photo by Tai's Captures on Unsplash
COVID-19 Cases In Alabama Continue Sharp Rise
Alabama Hospitals Trying To Cope With COVID-19 Cases


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Oliver has a beautiful lean head with no depth, a gorgeous eye with melting expression, and a very strong rear with lovely movement. His exceptional pedigree is a combination of all of our best producers. He is very reminiscent of his dam. Oliver is from the repeat breeding that produced BPISS BPIS CH. HIGHLEDGE WILD IRISH ROSE. and BPIG CH. HIGHLEDGE JAGGED EDGE His sire is CH. HIGHLEDGE IRISH CREAM ROMC, his dam is Multiple BPIS CH. HIGHLEDGE TALKIN' OUT LOUD. He had big paws to fill. Oliver finished his Championship at just over a year old and then retired, from the conformation ring. He obtained his Rally Excellent in the fall of 2011, finishing top Rally Sheltie for 2011 and then again in 2012. He completed his CD last Spring. Congratulations to Oliver and his owner Marilyn Bustard. After Marilyn's death Oliver is now owned and trained by Frank Bury Oliver's first litter has arrived, two girls and three boys at LYRICISLE. He is at stud through Private Treaty. Contact Highledge for details. This is Cassie, (BPISS BPIS Lyricisle's Cassiopeia) an Oliver daughter bred/owned by Bill and Judi Byrne. (LYRICISLE) We feel that Oliver has the ability to PRODUCE.


Two ingredient dough has been a craze for awhile now and I finally gave it a try- all I can say is I can't wait to make it again.
I refuse to cook or bake with bleached flour at home as I get enough of that crap eating out at restaurants or bakeries, so when I need good ole' white flour at home I will only buy unbleached, and I purchase organic as often as possible!
I mixed together 1 1/2 cups unbleached flour, 1 cup of Chobani plain Greek yogurt, and 1 1/2 tsp. baking powder, then mixed with a spoon until combined. When most of the flour was mixed in, I used my hands to really mix everything together until well combined. I didn't knead the dough on the counter- I wanted to keep it clean and easy!
When the dough was ready (it shouldn't stick to your hands), I flattened it out as best as I could on a pizza pan that I sprayed with Coconut Oil spray. I'm not a professional dough maker by any means, and the dough definitely didn't flatten out and stay together super nice, but that's okay- just do your best! Mine ended up being pretty thick which worked out anyways.
I baked the dough first at 425 degrees, until it was evenly golden brown on the top, then I topped it with pizza sauce, mozzarella cheese, pineapple, green bell pepper, Italian seasoning and more cheese, then finished it in the oven until the cheese was melted. Cooking the dough until it was pretty much done ensured the toppings wouldn't overcook and the dough was able to cook through- I was a bit concerned that with how thick it was it might be soggy and not cook nicely, but it did and I was pleasantly surprised with the outcome!
I want to try pepperoni and cheese pizza bread soon- there are so many different recipes you could make with this dough!
1. Have you tried two ingredient dough yet?
2. If so, have you experimented with it and made something other than pizza?


Home > Around Town > Celebrate the Chinese and Take a Ride Down the Chocolate Slide Saturday, January 27, 2018, 10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.
Celebrate the Chinese and Take a Ride Down the Chocolate Slide Saturday, January 27, 2018, 10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.
Chinese New Year is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on the first day of the year of the Chinese lunisolar calendar. Ancient legend says Buddha named every year in the calendar after 12 animals, and that the people born in each animal's year would have some of the animal's personality. 2018 is the year of the dog-loyal, faithful and unselfish.
Indianapolis Chinese Community Center performances-Take part in the excitement and pageantry of traditional Chinese Dragon and Lion dances, Chinese folk dancers, and choir.
Year of the Dog-Build your own dog shadow puppet and learn about your Chinese zodiac animal.
Chinese New Year Red Envelopes-Create a red envelope for the Chinese New Year tradition of gift giving.
Chinese Name Calligraphy-Have your name written in Mandarin by a Chinese calligraphy master.
Tai Chi Martial Arts-Practice the purposeful movements of Tai Chi martial arts and explore its connections with Daoism.
Chinese Shadow Puppet Show-Step into modern China and participate in a one-of-a-kind immersive experience. Discover the richness of Chinese culture as you and your family play a part in a traditional shadow puppet show.
And back by popular demand, the Willy Wonka-inspired Chocolate Slide is open January 27-April 29, 2018.
There are gumdrops and lollipops…the museum's Sunburst Atrium is decorated like a twirly-swirly candy land, and children and their grown-ups can zoom down a slide that looks like a river of chocolate. Afterward, top off the fun with sweet treats and tasty eats from the Chocolate Café! The Chocolate slide is presented by Weber Group and supported by Marathon Petroleum.
The Children's Museum of Indianapolis is a nonprofit institution committed to creating extraordinary learning experiences across the arts, sciences, and humanities that have the power to transform the lives of children and families. For more information about The Children's Museum, visitwww.childrensmuseum.org, follow us on Twitter @TCMIndy, [email protected], YouTube.com/IndyTCM, and Facebook.


Locations for studies were carefully chosen to provide for high-profile testing and results that were observed by numerous individuals. The first study, and the largest, was conducted at Stetson University, DeLand, FL. Stetson was very amenable to conducting studies at the institution due to their inability to keep the insect under control and the demise of the plants was inevitable. The process of selecting Cycads to treat with the pesticide solution containing "Pesticide Spray Additive" took into consideration the age of the plants, which was important due to the greater resilience in older plants and their ability to recover from such trauma as the CAS is capable of inflicting on the plants. The sagos treated in this first study were estimated to be 50 to 150 years of age. David Rigsby, the Director of Grounds Maintenance at Stetson, was most generous in allowing us to perform our studies on four stands of King Sagos at different locations on campus. Bill Gilbert, the resident pest control technician at Stetson, provided assistance in the spraying, pruning, and examination of the plants during the 6-month study. We are most grateful to them and the University for their continued assistance as we carefully watch the plants return to a normal growth pattern (See News Article #1).
The Physical Plant located on East Minnesota Avenue where the largest stands of plants were located and were estimated to be 100-150 years old.
The third study was conducted at Thelma Hassenplug's home in Deltona, Florida. Ms. Hassenplug has eight King Sagos estimated to be 10-15 years old that were highly infested with the CAS and was prepared to remove them due to their unsightly appearance. I was fortunate to be able to convince her to allow me to treat them for 3 weeks and then decide if she still wanted them removed. After one month, I received a Letter of Testimonial describing how thrilled she was that we were able to save her beloved sago palms (See Letter of Testimonial #2).
The ninth study was conducted at Sherrye Tolbert's house on South Spring Garden Avenue in DeLand, Florida. Mrs. Tolbert had numerous Queen Sago Palms that were highly infested with the CAS and had lost 50% of them before we applied the standard solution of Malathion-Oil with the WSL's "Pesticide Spray Additive." Fortunately, we were able to treat the Cycads before their demise and the remaining plants are now producing healthy lush green fronds.


Velvety face powder for contouring and highlighting. Please note, this item is a tester unit for professional use only. Not for resale.
A powder that sets like a second skin it creates perfect contouring for great selfies. The result of innovative technology, this powder has a creamy, velvety texture, blending into the complexion for a "bare skin" effect.
Easily blended, it allows contours to be redefined simply, naturally and rapidly.


The Scimitar RGB gaming mouse revolutionizes game play with its Key Slider™ control system, 12 mechanical side buttons, and pro-proven 12000 DPI optical sensor. Purpose built to deliver the ultimate MOBA/MMO gaming experience.
THE WORLD'S BEST MOBA AND MMO sGAMING MOUSE.
The Scimitar RGB gaming mouse revolutionizes game play with its Key Slider control system, 12 mechanical side buttons, and pro-proven 12,000 DPI optical sensor. It's purpose built to deliver the ultimate MOBA and MMO gaming experience.
The exclusive patent pending Key Slider control system provides unmatched customization. 8mm of key slide travel with secure lock puts every button within reach.
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To most of the fresh graduates out there, it is a painful issue to pay back the loans they have taken to support their college or university studies. If you are currently paying multiple interest rates to multiple loan agencies, you should know how that feels. Have you ever imagine that you can save thousands of dollars by consolidating your student loans? In fact, you can either go for federal or private student loan consolidation.Loan agenciesAs the name implies, federal loan consolidation is offered by the federal government. It doesn't need credit check or co-signer (guarantor) because this loan consolidation program is protected by the federal government.Private student loan consolidation is offered by banks, loan agencies or credit unions. And depending on the loan agencies, you might need to provide a co-signer or get your credit history check.How they workBoth programs are meant to combine the multiple loans you have into one loan and extend your loan period so that you can enjoy lower monthly payment. For federal student loan program, you can only combine your federal loans. But for private student loan consolidation, it is possible to consolidate your student loans together with your personal loans.Besides that, when you are going for federal student loan consolidation, your interest rate will be lock at the current low interest rate for the whole loan period. For private student loan however, your interest rate might fluctuate with the market rate. You can try to talk to the loan agency to look at the possibility of getting the lowest interest rate.AdvantagesYou can improve your credit score when you consolidate your student loans with both programs. This is because when you have consolidated your loans, you are being seen as servicing one single loan instead of multiple loans.It is said that you will enjoy lower interest rate when you consolidate your student loans with federal government. However, you can negotiate with the private loan agencies to see if there is any alternative for you to get a better interest rate.And for your information, you are allowed to consolidate once with private agency and once with federal agency. So, think properly before you sign up for any student loan consolidation program.


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K-12 Efficiency Commission
Tax and Fiscal Policy
Tax and Fiscal Policy Task Force
There is hereby established the K-12 Efficiency Commission. The commission shall study and make recommendations to the legislature regarding opportunities to make more efficient use of taxpayer money. The commission shall particularly study and review the following areas: (1) Opportunities for school districts to be operated in a cost-effective manner; (2) Variances in per-pupil and administrative expenditures among school districts with comparable enrollment, demographics and outcomes on statewide assessments; (3) Administrative functions that may be shared between school districts; and (4) Expenditures that are not directly or sufficiently related to improving student outcomes.
(a) The K-12 Efficiency Commission shall be composed of nine voting members as follows: (1) (A) Six at-large members appointed as follows: Two shall be appointed by the president of the senate, one shall be appointed by the minority leader of the senate, two shall be appointed by the speaker of the house of representatives and one shall be appointed by the minority leader of the house of representatives; and (B) three at-large members appointed by the governor. (2) The commissioner of education, the director of the budget, the revisor of statutes, the legislative post auditor and the director of legislative research shall be nonvoting, ex-officio members of the commission.
The speaker of the house of representatives shall designate the member to convene and organize the first meeting of the commission at which the commission shall elect a chairperson from among its voting members. Any vacancy in the membership of the commission shall be filled by appointment in the manner prescribed by this section for the original appointment.
(b) A majority of all voting members shall constitute a quorum. All actions of the commission shall be taken by a majority of all voting members of the commission.
(c) Members of the commission shall receive expenses, mileage and subsistence allowances as provided in [insert appropriate statute] and amendments thereto.
(d) The staff of the office of revisor of statutes [or appropriate state office], and [name specific legislative staff service agencies] shall provide such assistance as may be requested by the commission.
(e) The commission shall submit a report to the legislature before [insert date], with any findings and recommendations which the commission deems necessary, including the recommendation of any legislation. To carry out the recommendations of the commission, if necessary, one bill shall be introduced in the senate and one bill shall be introduced in the house of representatives, which such bills shall contain the exact same provisions, during the [insert year] legislative session.
(f) The provisions of this section shall expire on [insert date].
Section 2. {Severability Clause}
Section 3. {Repealer Clause}
Section 4. {Effective Date}


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C&H is recognized by New Jersey State Senator Christoper Bateman
Congratulations Letter to C&H from NJ State Senator Christopher Bateman on being awarded the 2019 Founders Award from Catherine Allen at Shared Assessments
There are several qualities which set Churchill & Harriman apart from other consulting firms that have worked for me over my career. These include great depth of professional expertise and experience; an undying commitment to fulfill the client's needs; a focused professionalism in ensuring that the client always receives accurate, well-written, timely, and comprehensive work products; a willingness to be candid while also being respectful with the client, to ensure his or her best interests are always served even when uncomfortable truths need to be confronted; and a personal and professional integrity, the likes of which I have rarely seen outside of my many years of service in the military. Churchill & Harriman was always more than a consultancy; they were a true business partner.
Richard A. Guida, CISSP(formerly) Vice President Worldwide Information Security Johnson & Johnson (retired)
Through its membership and contributions to the Shared Assessments Program, Churchill & Harriman has demonstrated its leadership in global vendor management innovation. The Shared Assessments tools contribute to the differentiation of C&H's program, maximizing risk assessment cost optimization while raising the bar on global information security and privacy protection.
Catherine AllenFounderShared Assessments Program
It is with pleasure that I compliment and endorse the efforts of Churchill & Harriman on behalf of [client] in connection with [client's] Service Provider Risk Management Program. On-site risk assessments of selected service providers are a critical component of [client's] program, itself essential for demonstrating [client's] satisfaction, in part, of the rigorous risk management requirements established by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC). Churchill & Harriman stands side by side with [client], sharing our success in these objectives. Churchill & Harriman has consistently over-performed, delivering services beyond the contractually required minimum. Moreover, Churchill & Harriman has developed and implemented a repeatable, global, end-to-end risk assessment methodology that can be replicated and scaled to meet [client's] needs.
3rd Party Vendor ManagementManaging DirectorGlobal Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB)
Churchill & Harriman will play a vital role for our new CYBERFIT utility by delivering industry best third- party risk assessment services for the Health ISAC", said Denise Anderson, President of Health ISAC. "Our members will directly benefit from this service and we welcome C&H's expertise and input in helping solidify their security posture.
Denise AndersonPresident of Health ISAC


Auto accidents are not your everyday experience. When they do happen, traffic crashes can be chaotic and overwhelming, especially if you or another person involved has been injured. Although there are a lot of things going on in the aftermath of a crash, it is still important to remember that what you say and do can impact your ability to file a claim for compensation, should you choose to do so at a later time.
Because your actions after a crash matter, our team of Orange County personal injury attorneys at the Law Office of Marshall Silberberg want you to understand a few important mistakes to watch out for and the correct steps you should be taking after a car accident. By avoiding these common mistakes, you can better protect yourself, your rights, and your ability to recover the compensation you are entitled to after being hurt by another's negligence.
Saying "Sorry" – Apologizing after an accident may come naturally to some people, even if they were not the party responsible for causing the crash. Although it may be a nice gesture, you should never say you are "sorry" to anyone involved in a crash. You should also avoid statements that could be interpreted as accepting fault or blame. By saying sorry or accepting blame, you potentially give the other party involved, and their insurance company, evidence that can be used against you should you choose to file a personal injury claim. Instead of apologizing and discussing fault, simply make sure all parties involved are okay and determine whether they may need medical assistance.
Not Calling Police – Some motorists may not feel that it is necessary to involve law enforcement or other emergency personnel after a car accident, but doing so can provide additional support to any claim you file. By calling police, you not only ensure that any injured victims receive needed emergency medical care, but also that you have an objective third party who can take statements and compile a report of what transpired in the crash. This police report can be a valuable piece of information during a personal injury claim.
Forgetting to Collect Information – To protect yourself from the possibility of being given false information or from not being able to track down the other parties involved in your crash, it is always best to collect as much information as you can. This includes collecting all identifying, insurance, and contact information from other parties involved and the information of any witnesses. If you are able to do so, you should also take pictures of the scene, the vehicles involved, and their license plates for your records. You can also take photos of your injuries if you sustained any during the crash.
Waiting to Seek Medical Treatment – One of the biggest mistakes injured victims make following a car crash is not seeking timely medical treatment. Whether you feel that you can tough it out, are unsure as to how to go about seeking medical treatment, or don't know how your medical insurance works, it is still critical that you seek a prompt medical evaluation. Doing so can ensure that you receive any medical care you need, especially if there is an injury you are not aware of. Remember, signs and symptoms of an injury may not be apparent while your adrenaline is flowing after a crash, and you may not notice signs of an injury until time passes after an accident. It is always best to seek medical care as soon as you can, not only for your health, but also because insurance adjusters are quick to point out when a victim waits to seek treatment. They often argue that it shows a victim was not really hurt, even if a person was hurt all along and waited for some other reason.
Trusting the Insurance Company – Perhaps the most disastrous mistake you can make after a crash is believing that the insurance company is there to help you. Remember, insurers are in business because they collect premiums from policyholders and keep those premiums low by minimizing what they pay to victims who file claims. They are not in business to help victims injured by their policyholders. If another driver's insurance company tries to contact you, be warned that they may attempt to get you to admit fault or make incriminating statements. They may also offer you a lowball settlement in order to quickly avoid paying what you rightfully deserve.
The most effective way of avoiding mistakes, or handling any mistakes and complications that arise, is to work with experienced auto accident lawyers who can educate you about your rights, guide you through the legal process ahead, and handle all communication with authorities and insurers on your behalf. Personal injury claims are not simple, and they are often contested and defended against by insurance companies who are backed by ample resources. With a tried and true lawyer on your side, you can level the playing field and put yourself in a positive position to recover what you deserve.
At the Law Office of Marshall Silberberg, our car accident lawyers are available to help victims and families throughout Orange County immediately after they have been harmed in preventable car accidents. Our team has recovered millions of dollars in compensation for our clients, and we are ready to fight for you. Let us review your case and discuss how we may be able to help during a free consultation.
To speak with a lawyer from the Law Office of Marshall Silberberg, contact us today.


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©2018 website designed and book edited by Desiree Antis
www.bloomresumewriting.com
Olivia Castillo
Author, Motivator, Shaker & Mover, Mother, Wife, Artist, Dreamer
The Oldest Colony in the World
This week the governor of Puerto Rico asked once again if Puerto Rico could be considered for statehood. One of the things that stood out in the letter he wrote, to me, was the fact that Puerto Rico is the "oldest colony in the world."
Coming from an abusive marriage, I understand what it feels like to have no voice. I relate to Puerto Rico because just like I had no voice during my marriage, Puerto Rico has had no voice in this dysfunctional marriage with the United States. With years and years of suffering and asking for help, no one listening, I have to ask, why?
In 1493, Christopher Columbus discovered Puerto Rico. Spain made it a colony where it remained under Spanish rule for 400 years. On November 25, 1897, Spain granted Puerto Rico its freedom, which lasted until July 25, 1898, not even a year.
Since then, Puerto Rico has been under the United States. On July 4, 1950, President Harry Truman signed Public Act 600, which allowed Puerto Rico to draft its own constitution as a common wealth, allowing Puerto Rico the right to govern its own affairs, but with severe limitations.
With crippling debt, an inability to vote for the president of the United States, and no respect, it's time we gave Puerto Rico the respect it deserves.
I think of the words of Pedro Albizu Campos when he said, "The U.S. cares more about the cage than the bird."
Free the bird; it's time to let Puerto Rico out of its gilded cage.
Why We Should Help Puerto Rico
Travel is the Best Gift of All
Sofritos
wakeupamerica


Hi I have 4 lovely kittens for sale. Ready to move to new homes. Very clean, very friendly.
Nice clean working condition with UK mains power cable. Buyer collects from Bracknell.
Only used once, just been sat on top of fridge since its first use.


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You are here: Home / Playlists / Judith
Our friend Katarina Livlianić continues her study of late medieval Croatian mystery plays with an amazing new film of the story of Judith.
Your purchase will help support Millennium of Music.
NOTE: All of the music on this program is from the recording Judith featuring Katarina Livljanić and the Ensemble Dialogos. It is on the Alpha/outhere label and is CD and DVD EDV-1857. For more information:
http://www.ensemble-dialogos.org/en/
A biblical story from Renaissance Croatia
Musical reconstruction: Katarina Livljanić
The biblical story of Judith, a Bethulian widow who kills the enemy Holofernes to liberate her people, became a cornerstone of medieval Croatian literature, set in verses by Marko Marulić, Dalmatian poet of the 16th century. Written in Croatian, in the way of old traditional Glagolitic poets, this story is one of the few texts that Marulić wrote in his mother tongue, probably intended for a female audience which generally wasn't familiar with the Latin language.
Judith is a pious Hebrew woman, but she is also a beautiful and dangerous enchantress who infiltrates the palace of the Assyrian enemy, seduces the powerful general Holofernes and beheads him. The Agony of Judith tells this cruel story of Eros and Thanatos in an intimate and very intriguing way, using fragments of medieval disputationes from the Glagolitic tradition (also known as "agonies"), which alternate with the main story. These interpolated episodes allow us to leave the main action for a moment and hear what is happening inside the characters' minds: just as Holofernes' head separates from his body, his thoughts also "separate" into a very lucid dialogue between his body and his soul which happens in the moment of drunken sleep, before his death. A different inner dialogue - between Judith's mind and her soul - occurs in the head of the heroine as she prays to God to help her kill the enemy who is in love with her.
Musically, this project is a reconstruction, using Gregorian, Beneventan and Glagolitic sources of medieval Dalmatia, as well as the study of Glagolitic chant in oral tradition. The text of Judith survives without music but its metrical structure corresponds to a small number of archaic Glagolitic melodies used for storytelling in medieval Dalmatia, often in the context of the highly emotional and dramatic songs related to the Passion or rituals of the Holy Week. The text itself also refers to texts sung in the liturgical offices, so the task of reconstruction was to find, in related musical sources (Dalmatian and southern Italian), melodies corresponding to the suggestions of the original text.
In this research, it was necessary to study the most archaic layers of what is called Glagolitic chant. This liturgical repertoire, sung in the local vernacular tongue (Croatian Church Slavonic) while actually belonging to the Roman rite, was preserved in manuscripts written in the Glagolitic alphabet, used in medieval Croatia. Written sources mention the existence of this chant in Dalmatia as early as the 11th century, within the circles of clergymen who didn't speak Latin. Yet, the particularity of the Glagolitic repertoire, passed on orally, is its survival up to the present day in a few locations along the Croatian coast, on the Dalmatian islands and in Istria.
In this musical monodrama, Judith & Holofernes, with all the personified demons inhabiting the inner world of their minds, are performed by a female voice playing several roles and using a wide spectrum of vocal nuances, a fiddle, a lirica (Croatian traditional stringed instrument tuned in a particular archaic manner) and archaic flutes. They build together a story which unfolds in growing emotional density, transposing this ancient tale, with its powerful and nostalgic Dalmatian melodies, into an intriguing theatrical context.
Katarina Livljanić, voice, direction
Albrecht Maurer, fiddle, lirica
Norbert Rodenkirchen, flutes
Staging, scenography and costumes: Sanda Herzic
Lighting design and direction: Marie Bellot
Philological advisor: Bratislav Lucin
Norbert Rodenkirchen - transverse flutes (Neidhart Bousset, Boaz Berney), traditional warpipe from Lombardy (anonymous), dvojnice (Stjepan Veckovic)
Albrecht Maurer - fiddle (Thilo Viehrig), lirica (Zlatko Glavinic)
John BROWNE (fl c 1480–1505)
1. O Maria salvatoris mater a 8 (15:50)
William CORNYSH (d 1502)
2. Ave Maria mater Dei a 4 (4:07)
Richard DAVY (c 1465 – c 1507)
3 Salve Jesu mater vera a 5 (16:49)
Walter LAMBE (b ?1450–51, d after Michaelmas 1504)
4. O Maria plena gracia a 6 (20:52)
Robert WYLKYNSON (b c 1475–80, d 1515 or later)
5. Salve regina a 9 (16:22)
- See more at: http://www.avie-records.com/releases/choirs-of-angels/#sthash.Ul9rpQrf.dpufFollowing five critically-acclaimed and immensely popular recordings for AVIE, The Brook Street Band embark on their most ambitious project to date: a recording with the estimable student Choir of The Queen's College, Oxford, that pairs for the first time ever the two settings of the Dixit Dominus written by Alessandro Scarlatti and George Frideric Handel. Both works date from early 18th century Rome, Handel's within a year of his arriving in the musical capital, and possibly influenced by Scarlatti's work, though the date of the elder Italian's composition is not precisely known. Indeed it has been suggested that the 22-year-old Lutheran was attempting to outdo Scarlatti with his masterly grasp of large-scale sacred music for the Roman rite. In between these two grand Vespers, The Brook Street Band serve up a palette cleanser of an instrumental concerto in G minor by Scarlatti.
Total timing: 74:05
Recorded 11 – 14 September 2012, Chapel of Merton College, Oxford
- See more at: http://www.avie-records.com/releases/choirs-of-angels/#sthash.Ul9rpQrf.d
Composer Info
John BROWNE (fl c 1480–1505), William CORNYSH (d 1502), Richard DAVY (c 1465 – c 1507), Walter LAMBE (b ?1450–51, d after Michaelmas 1504), Robert WYLKYNSON (b c 1475–80, d 1515 or later)
CD Info
EDV-1857


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Power to AIPAC: Nuclear-armed Iran won't happen
By NICK GASS
A nuclear-armed Iran will not happen, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations told a meeting of a large pro-Israel lobby Monday, seeking to allay fears about ongoing negotiations over that country's nuclear program.
Speaking to the American Israel Public Affairs Committee's annual conference in Washington, Samantha Power said the relationship between the U.S. and Israel "transcends politics, and it always will."
"The United States of America will not allow Iran to obtain a nuclear weapon. Period," she said to applause.
Power said President Barack Obama has reiterated such commitment during negotiations and he will continue to do so.
"Maybe the president has made this point so often that it isn't heard in the same way anymore," she said. "But we have to keep repeating it: Talks, no talks. Agreement, no agreement. The United States will take whatever steps are necessary to protect our national security and that of our closest allies."
The ambassador referenced decades of bipartisan agreement on Israel, touting the shared values between the two nations.
"We believe diplomacy is the preferred route to secure our shared aim, but if diplomacy should fail, we know the stakes of a nuclear-armed Iran as well as everyone here. We will not let it happen," she said. "There will never be a sunset on America's commitment to Israel's security. Never."
Power's address also touched on rising anti-Semitism in Europe and around the world, referencing this year's attacks in France, Denmark and elsewhere.
"We believe that as anti-Semitism rises, so too must our collective resolve to defeat it," she said.
American Israel Public Affairs Committee
Samantha Power


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2017 murders by divisions … St James leads with 335 homicides
The western Jamaica parish of St James reported 335 murders last year to record the highest homicide tally of the 19 police divisions.	Portland, with eight murders, had the lowest figure for the year which saw 1,616 homicides in Jamaica –…
Probing Justice | Appealing for judges - Shortage of blamed for pile-up of appellate cases
Seven judges - three puisne judges, three acting puisne judges, and a master-in-chamber - will be sworn in to serve in the Supreme Court today, but that will do nothing to reduce the backlog of cases at the Court of Appeal, whose president has…
Finally! - Judith Pusey heads to Supreme Court
After nearly two decades in the lower tier of the country's judicial system, Senior Parish Judge Judith Pusey is heading to the Supreme Court.Pusey is one of four parish court judges who will be sworn in as Supreme Court judges today, the Court…
Trelawny, St Ann lashed by flood rains
FALMOUTH, Trelawny:A number of areas in north Trelawny were flooded yesterday as a result of rains associated with a cold front affecting the island.The main road in the vicinity of the Long Pond sugar factory and the main road at Southfield near…
Once there's life, there's hope - Slipdock Road residents trying to pick up pieces after New Year's Day fire
Since a massive fire destroyed practically everything they owned on New Year's Day, residents of 1 Slipdock Road in east Kingston have had to make various sleeping arrangements for themselves, and with the Easter term scheduled to start in just a few…
Western parishes urged to make 2018 cleaner
Garnet Edmondson, regional operations manager at Western Parks and Markets (WPM), is appealing to residents of the four parishes served by the agency to start the year right by doing their best to ensure a cleaner, healthier, and more economically…
JLP, PNP move to get registered
The ruling Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) is first out of the blocks in submitting documents to the Electoral Commission of Jamaica (ECJ) to register with the election oversight body as part of a legislative requirement.By next week, the People's…
NCU president calls for greater public support for JCF
President of Northern Caribbean University (NCU) Dr Lincoln Edwards is calling on Jamaicans to offer increased cooperation and support to members of the Jamaica Constabulary Force (JCF) in 2018.He made the call as he addressed the annual devotional…
$8 million worth of flood-exposed food destroyed in St James
WESTERN BUREAU:Over the past month, the St James Health Department has seized and condemned $8 million worth of foodstuff that was exposed to floodwaters when sections of Montego Bay were inundated by heavy rains last November.Lennox Wallace, the…
PNP urges Government to settle wage dispute with public sector workers
Gleaner on January 5th, 2018 | File Under More News -
The People's National Party (PNP) has again called on the Andrew Holness-led administration to demonstrate "sincerity and respect required in the negotiations with the public sector workers". According to the PNP the…