text:
Child Support in Michigan
An overview of child support laws in Michigan. Learn how child support is determined, modified, and more.
Michigan Child Support Basics
Both parents are responsible for supporting their children in Michigan. This obligation normally continues until the child turns 18 but may extend beyond that if the child is still in high school or has special needs.
Typically, only the noncustodial parent will make child support payments. While the custodial parent is also responsible for supporting the child, Michigan child support laws assume that this parent spends the required amount directly on the child.
Michigan child support usually includes a base monthly amount, plus additional child support for health care and child care costs.
How is Child Support Determined in Michigan?
The Michigan Child Support Formula determines which parent pays child support and in what amount, based on factors including each parent's income and the number of nights per year that the child spends with each parent.
The person who pays child support is the "payer." The person who gets child support is the "payee." If the payee or the child receives public assistance, the child support payments may go to the state instead of the payee.
To use the Michigan Child Support Formula, you need to know both parents' net income and the parenting time each has with the child.
Net income is all gross income minus certain adjustments and deductions, including alimony received and income taxes, among other payments and premiums paid.
Gross income includes your salary, wages, commissions, overtime pay, bonuses, royalties, tips, dividends, military specialty pay, and possibly gambling winnings.
Net income sets a baseline for the child's support amount, and the formula divides the amount of support between the parents differently depending on parenting time.
The state has developed the MI Child Support Calculator to help parents calculate child support using the Michigan Child Support Formula. The child support calculation provided by this calculator is not a support recommendation or a support order.
It takes about 30 minutes to create a child support amount. You should have each party's income information and the number of overnights with each child for both parents before starting.
When child support is ordered, the judge issues a Uniform Child Support Order (UCSO). The UCSO requires the payer to pay a monthly child support amount for child support and may order one or both parents to provide health insurance for the child.
The child support order also includes amounts for child care and ordinary medical expenses (currently $454 per year for one child). Ordinary medical expenses are costs for uninsured medical expenses like co-pays and deductibles.
Read More: Divorce Laws in Michigan
Deviating from Guideline Child Support
Michigan courts presume that support calculated by the formula is appropriate for your child. However, sometimes a standardized result can be unfair. Either parent can ask the judge to adjust the amount of support before a final order is in place. To determine a different amount, the judge will consider the following factors:
the child's needs
the child's extraordinary educational expenses
whether a parent is a minor
if a parent has sufficient income to pay additional support to raise the child's standard of living above the threshold for public assistance
whether the parents accumulated high levels of joint debt
where the court awards property instead of support
if a parent is incarcerated with minimal or no income or assets
where there are extraordinary medical expenses
if the formula did not account for the full extent of a parent's income
where a parent earns bonuses at irregular intervals
if someone other than the parent can supply health care
where a parent provides substantially all the support for a stepchild
if a child earns an extraordinary income
if there is a court order to pay other expenses
where a parent's criminal fines or fees related to child support or a family member
whether a parent is in bankruptcy
the day-care and other parent's costs not reflected by overnights used to calculate the offset for parental time
where the child is in the custody of someone other than a parent
certain spousal support orders
where a parent's share of child care expenses exceeds 50% of that parent's base child support obligation before applying the parental time offset, and
any other factor relevant to the best interests of the child.
Read More: Uncontested Divorce in Michigan
Is Health Insurance Considered a Part of Child Support?
The court also can order either parent to provide health insurance for a child as part of a support order when coverage is available at a reasonable cost. Reasonable is defined as not exceeding 6% of the parent's gross monthly income.
The following chart gives a better idea of how health coverage is handled in Michigan child support cases.
When Does Child Support End in Michigan?
Michigan child support usually ends when a child turns 18. However, a judge can order support for a child between 18 and 19 ½ if the child attends high school full-time and has a reasonable expectation of graduating.
Read More: How to File for Divorce in Michigan
How Do I Ask for Child Support?
Either parent can start the application process for child support by contacting the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. A parent can apply for child support services online, as noted above, or can print out the application and mail it to:
Michigan Office of Child Support
Central Functions Unit
Enforcing Michigan Child Support Orders
Under Title IV-D of the Social Security Act, the FOCB and the Office of Child Support (OCS) must begin support enforcement action when past-due child support is greater or equal to the monthly child support amount. Overdue support is called child support arrears.
There are several ways child support orders can be enforced:
Income Withholding. All child support orders require income withholding unless the parties and the court otherwise agree. The employer must send payment to the Michigan State Disbursement Unit (MiSDU). Income withholding can also affect unemployment benefits, Social Security benefits, independent contracting, and worker's compensation or insurance claims.
Show Cause Hearings. The court can hold a hearing for the payer to "show cause" why the payer should not be found in contempt for failing to pay support or provide health care coverage.
Surcharge on Child Support Arrears. A surcharge will only be added to the payer's amount if the court finds that the payer willfully failed to pay support as ordered.
Credit Reporting. The payer will be reported to a consumer-reporting agency if the arrearage reaches two or more months.
Felony Nonsupport. Failure to pay child support can be charged as a felony in Michigan. Felony non-support charges are generally issued after other child support collection methods have not been successful.
License Suspension. The court can suspend professional, sporting, recreational, and driver's licenses if the payer has an arrearage of two or more months.
Liens. Liens can be issued against real or personal property, financial assets, or insurance proceeds.
Passport Denial. A payer's passport may be denied or revoked once the support arrearage reaches $2,500.
Tax Offset. State and federal tax refunds can be intercepted to pay support.
Vehicle Booting. A boot is an immobilization device placed on a payer's vehicle when the payer has a bench warrant for failing to appear for a contempt hearing.
Contempt of Court. The court can schedule a contempt hearing, and if a judge decides the payer could pay some or all of the amount owed, the payer can be held in contempt, and any of the above actions could be implemented.
Modifying Michigan Child Support Payments
Once a child support order is in place, you can ask a judge to modify it. Suppose it has been less than 36 months since the current order was issued. In that case, a judge may modify it only upon finding a substantial change in a parent's circumstances, such as when a parent becomes sick or injured and can't work or if a parent is called to active military duty.
Otherwise, the Friend of the Court can review a child support order every 36 months to ensure payments meet the child's needs. Under some circumstances, like where custody has changed, the Friend could initiate child support modifications sooner.
Child Support and Taxes
Child support payments are neither deductible by the payer nor taxable to the recipient. Don't include child support payments received when you calculate your gross income.
However, you may be able to claim the child as a dependent. Generally, the custodial parent is treated as one who provides more than half of the child's support. In some cases, the noncustodial parent may be treated as the parent who provided more than half of the child's support.
Many agreements include a provision that each parent declares half the children as dependents when there is an even number of children. The parents can alternate years claiming the child for an odd number of children. In this situation, parents may need to submit Form 8332, Release/Revocation of Release of Claim to Exemption for Child by Custodial Parent, or a similar statement.
Establishing Paternity in Michigan
Establishing a legal father is important for a child born to unmarried parents. It gives the child the same rights and benefits as those of a child whose parents are married. These benefits can include:
Health and life insurance
Inheritance rights
Establishing paternity can take place in several ways. If parents are married to each other when a child is born or when the mother became pregnant, the mother's husband is the child's legal father.
Unmarried parents can establish paternity by:
Voluntarily by completing an Affidavit of Parentage form. This means they agree to name the father of the child.
Either parent or a prosecuting attorney can ask the court to help establish paternity. This usually involves DNA (genetic) paternity testing and a court hearing.
Through adoption.
You can get the Affidavit form needed to establish paternity:
In the hospital at birth
At your local Michigan Department of Health and Human Services office
At the local County Registrar's Office
Online by completing an Affidavit of Parentage form
A parent who lives in Michigan can file a paternity case in the county where the mother or child lives. If the mother and child do not live in Michigan, a parent can file the case in the county where the possible father lives.
Can paternity be established if the father lives outside of Michigan?
Yes, the Michigan Child Support Program can work with another state to help establish paternity. The father can also sign the affidavit to say he is the child's father, even if he lives in another state.
Which Agency Handles Child Support Matters in Michigan?
The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services Office of Child Support works in conjunction with the Friend of the Court Bureau (FOCB) as the primary agency responsible for state child support administration.
Call the Office of Child Support at 866-540-0008 for:
Bankruptcy (payer) impacts on enforcement of child support
Passport denial/ Income tax refund offset program
Enforcement through the recovery of financial assets
To begin a child support case
To voluntarily establish paternity (add the name of the father to the birth certificate)
Assistance in locating a parent
The FOCB's primary functions include:
Establish and implement child support, custody, and parenting time policy and guidelines.
Develop forms for litigants.
Develop public education and orientation programs.
Develop standards for procedures to transfer part or all of the responsibilities for a case from one office to another.
Develop the Michigan Child Support Formula.
Develop caseload and staffing standards.
Develop guidelines to encourage plain language.
Issue an annual grievance report.
Certify alternative dispute resolution training programs.
The State Court Administrative office is located at:
Friend of the Court Bureau
focb-info@courts.mi.gov
There are also several local FOCB offices throughout Michigan.
Another important resource is the Michigan Child Support website. It gives parents access to payment information, current child support amounts owed, income withholding information, bench warrant, and enforcement hearing information.
You can also access a 24-hour Interactive Voice Response (IVR) System at 877-543-2660. This will direct you to your Friend of the Court for:
Investigating, modifying, or enforcing a court order for custody, parenting time, and support
Registering Michigan orders in other states
Providing alternative dispute resolution through mediation programs
Any child support court case hearing or other related activity
The 24-hour Interactive Voice Response can also direct you to the Michigan State Disbursement Unit for:
Making a child support payment
Address change (for payments or coupon mailings)
Questions on payment coupons
Questions about child support payments
Lost/stolen child support checks
Electronic Disbursement (debit card and direct deposit)
Call your local Prosecuting Attorney for:
Establishing paternity and DNA testing by a court order
Establishing child support amount in court orders
It's important to note there are county differences in the modification process. Under Michigan law, the Prosecuting Attorney performs the modification service in some counties and by the Friend of the Court in others.
Michigan Divorce Guide
Home and Mortgage in Divorce: The Definitive Guide
Protecting Your Kids from a Hostile Parent in Divorce
Laws Governing Military Divorces
Uncontested Divorce in Michigan
Divorce Laws in Michigan
Michigan Child Custody Laws
All Michigan Articles
Michigan Divorce Resources
Michigan Divorce Guide
How to File For a Divorce in Michigan
Alimony and Spousal Support in Michigan
Essential Guides & Resources
9 Reasons Why Second (and Third) Marriages Are More Prone to Divorce


I originally had a tank in the wall which was a 40L tank with a few plans, the two Flame Dwarf Goramis' that I have in the new tank as well as the Pakastani Loach, and 7 Neon Tetras. They have all been migrated to my new Loungeroom tank where I have also added many more plans and fish life.
The planting is based on my diving background, and incorporating a 'kelp' forest look.
When I had first setup this tank I had a few flow issues due to the depth (62cms) and having the spray bar only on the left hand side of the tank. I have moved to having a spray bar along the complete back part of the tank to both allow for water movement as well as breaking the surface slightly to oxygenate the water.
2 Albino Bristlenose Catfish Ancistrus Sp.
4 Bristlenose Catfish Ancistrus Sp.
On average you perform a 9.4% water change every 14 days.
Lost the female angel on the 18th. Really sad.
Today brought in a new female angel, and completed the blyxa across the background.
My Inspiration for this tank has been due to my diving background in kelp forests. I will be continuing the blyxa and Val theme from the right hand side of the tank across to the other side.
The biggest problem i've had is with the inital setup, I tired too many plants early without getting my light correct first. I've moved to the Radion XR15FW (2) which gives me much better control on the light hence my plants are now growing much better.
I have to say a big thanks to Boronia Aquarium in Victoria, Australia for all their help, advise as I've been working to get this tank to a stable point!


A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is an electrical device that transforms the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Nature has provided both lighting and heating for our planet through the sun. And, we humans are trying to take advantage of this. To take advantage, we use solar panels which convert light into electrical energy. Solar cells are used to make solar modules which create electrical power from sunlight.
Earlier, in our previous article about the solar cell, we shared a new solar cell technology: 'Solar cell as light as soap bubble'. Whereas, a scientist has discovered the finest, light solar power cell yet. This solar cell was demonstrated by MIT researchers. It has the ability to generate more than 2,720 watts per lb (6 watts per gram) or around 400 times as much.
Once again, for the first time, MIT researchers cultivate a working solar thermophotovoltaic device, also known as STPV. The STPV solar cell consists of the layer that absorbs heat and light from sunlight and reflects it back out as light. The nearby solar cell captured that light and turn it into power.
The diffusion of light by the device is mechanically altered for being the perfect wavelength for the solar cell. This device has the potential to improve the performance of solar energy harvesting by transforming broadband sunlight to narrow-band thermal radiation adjust for a photovoltaic cell.
It has the abolition of 80% of unconvertible photons by pairing a one-dimensional photonic crystal selective emitter with a tandem plasma interference optical filter. The measurement of solar to electrical conversion rate is 6.8%.
This new method could double the power amount created by a given area of solar panels. This device performs without any difficulties while decreasing the rates of heat creation in the photovoltaic cell.
The building of a working solar thermophotovoltaic device is published in the paper in Nature Energy.
Have a look at the above video. Video showing some of the lab's work into SPTVs.


text:
package org.apache.mahout.clustering.display;

import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.Cluster;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.Model;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.ModelDistribution;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.classify.ClusterClassifier;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.dirichlet.DirichletDriver;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.dirichlet.models.DistributionDescription;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.dirichlet.models.GaussianClusterDistribution;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.iterator.ClusterIterator;
import org.apache.mahout.clustering.iterator.DirichletClusteringPolicy;
import org.apache.mahout.common.HadoopUtil;
import org.apache.mahout.common.RandomUtils;
import org.apache.mahout.common.distance.ManhattanDistanceMeasure;
import org.apache.mahout.math.DenseVector;
import org.apache.mahout.math.RandomAccessSparseVector;
import org.apache.mahout.math.VectorWritable;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;

public class DisplayDirichlet extends DisplayClustering {

  public DisplayDirichlet() {
    initialize();
    this.setTitle("Dirichlet Process Clusters - Normal Distribution (>" + (int) (significance * 100)
        + "% of population)");
  }

  // Override the paint() method
  @Override
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
    plotSampleData((Graphics2D) g);
    plotClusters((Graphics2D) g);
  }

  protected static void generateResults(Path input, Path output,
      ModelDistribution<VectorWritable> modelDist, int numClusters, int numIterations, double alpha0, int thin, int burnin) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException,
      InterruptedException {
    boolean runClusterer = true;
    if (runClusterer) {
      runSequentialDirichletClusterer(input, output, modelDist, numClusters, numIterations, alpha0);
    } else {
      runSequentialDirichletClassifier(input, output, modelDist, numClusters, numIterations, alpha0);
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= numIterations; i++) {
      ClusterClassifier posterior = new ClusterClassifier();
      String name = i == numIterations ? "clusters-" + i + "-final" : "clusters-" + i;
      posterior.readFromSeqFiles(new Configuration(), new Path(output, name));
      List<Cluster> clusters = Lists.newArrayList();
      for (Cluster cluster : posterior.getModels()) {
        if (isSignificant(cluster)) {
          clusters.add(cluster);
        }
      }
      CLUSTERS.add(clusters);
    }
  }

  private static void runSequentialDirichletClassifier(Path input, Path output,
      ModelDistribution<VectorWritable> modelDist, int numClusters, int numIterations, double alpha0)
      throws IOException {
    List<Cluster> models = Lists.newArrayList();
    for (Model<VectorWritable> cluster : modelDist.sampleFromPrior(numClusters)) {
      models.add((Cluster) cluster);
    }
    ClusterClassifier prior = new ClusterClassifier(models, new DirichletClusteringPolicy(numClusters, alpha0));
    Path priorPath = new Path(output, Cluster.INITIAL_CLUSTERS_DIR);
    prior.writeToSeqFiles(priorPath);
    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
    new ClusterIterator().iterateSeq(conf, input, priorPath, output, numIterations);
  }

  private static void runSequentialDirichletClusterer(Path input, Path output,
      ModelDistribution<VectorWritable> modelDist, int numClusters, int numIterations, double alpha0)
      throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
    DistributionDescription description = new DistributionDescription(modelDist.getClass().getName(),
        RandomAccessSparseVector.class.getName(), ManhattanDistanceMeasure.class.getName(), 2);

    DirichletDriver.run(new Configuration(), input, output, description, numClusters, numIterations, alpha0, true,
        true, 0, true);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    VectorWritable modelPrototype = new VectorWritable(new DenseVector(2));
    ModelDistribution<VectorWritable> modelDist = new GaussianClusterDistribution(modelPrototype);
    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
    Path output = new Path("output");
    HadoopUtil.delete(conf, output);
    Path samples = new Path("samples");
    HadoopUtil.delete(conf, samples);
    RandomUtils.useTestSeed();
    generateSamples();
    writeSampleData(samples);
    int numIterations = 20;
    int numClusters = 10;
    int alpha0 = 1;
    int thin = 3;
    int burnin = 5;
    generateResults(samples, output, modelDist, numClusters, numIterations, alpha0, thin, burnin);
    new DisplayDirichlet();
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Hi all, whether a RSSOC member or not I'd like to ask for some assistance with the Club's GTC register.
We have information on most of the production GTC's, but still have a couple of gaps. We rely on owners letting us know about ownership changes and modifications, but appreciate that sometimes you're too busy enjoying your car to find time to update us.
Please can I ask that you take a look at http://www.scimitargtc.co.uk/register.html and have a look for your car. If there is information missing or if the information is incorrect please can you let me know either by a PM or email me directly steve@scimitarcars.org.uk .
The information was taken from the list of production chassis numbers. The chassis number decodes into the production number and basic specification.
I would like to receive any pictures you have of your car for use on the list (even if it's in pieces). If you don't want your photos publishing but would like them in club archive please let me know.
If you haven't registered your car with the club, please let me know and I'll send you a registration form. None of the information on this form will be published, but it will be kept with the Club's GTC records.
I'm also interested in any cars that have been converted to GTC, whether an SE5 or SE6, home built or Avon conversion. The Club registration details for these will be with Jim King, but I would like to recieve any photos and build information you may have to publish on the GTC website.
And finally if you've written off or scrapped a GTC, I'd like to know about that too. It would be interesting to know how many of these cars are still in use. And also it will help to prevent anyone from stealing the identity of a scrapped car (unlikely as that sounds with just 442 + the prototype).
Last edited by Corky on Thu Apr 23, 2009 11:46 am, edited 1 time in total.
I'll have a word at the next noggin with the owner of the (possibly the only?) Avon conversion.
definitely not the only one - Brian recently sold his (the new owner has contacted us) - I'm at work, so don't have the full list but I think there were 6 cars including the development one.
Yes, I'd agree there was certainly more than 1 Avon conversions. Unless there was also more than one with a TVR V8 though, that would presumably be John M's that appeared on the front & back covers of Slice 221 and which I photographed at Curborough about 3 years ago - certainly a beautiful car!
Do you have the chassis number Thomas?
I'm not registrar any more but I can check the database and pass it on to Graeme if required.
Jim, do you know if Graeme has a list of the known Avon conversions ?
Only what I annotated when informed - try a search on the spreadsheet?
Will do. Interestingly this one looks like it's got an SE6 front bumper, but with a chin spoiler grafted in. Or is it me and need I to find my glasses.
Yep - early SE6 "wavy" bumper with some kind of spoiler. 6b/GTC centre grille, 5a side badging.
It's certainly an early wavy bumper (John Mees' car has the same type) though I'm not totally convinced about the spoiler - the wavy bumper has a full-width spoiler anyway, then the later smooth bumper "filled-in" the ends so that you don't see the spoiler anymore (i.e. it's only in the middle) then the Se6b took the smooth type and added a new lower full-width spoiler again.
So potentially the donor car was an SE6 ? Is there anything under the bonnet that could confirm it, apart from the brake servo and mc that we can't see on the photo.


9 out of 10 based on 924 ratings. 3,246 user reviews.
Philips XL3402B/05 Manuals & User Guides. User Manuals, Guides and Specifications for your Philips XL3402B/05 Cordless Telephone, Telephone. Database contains 2 Philips XL3402B/05 Manuals (available for free online viewing or downloading in PDF): Operation & user's manual, Quick start manual .
Find support for your XL Cordless telephone XL3402B/37. Discover user manuals, FAQs, hints & tips for your Philips product.
PHILIPS XL3402B SPECIFICATIONS Pdf Download.
Philips XL3402B/37 Manuals & User Guides. User Manuals, Guides and Specifications for your Philips XL3402B/37 Cordless Telephone, Telephone. Database contains 2 Philips XL3402B/37 Manuals (available for free online viewing or downloading in PDF): Quick start manual, Operation & user's manual .


Certified Novell Engineer (CNE) is a certification which is designed to show that an individual possesses in-depth knowledge and skills related to administration and troubleshooting of the Novell NetWare operating system.In contrast to a Certified Novell Administrator (CNA), a CNE must pass a series of tests to prove their readiness for the certification. A CNA must pass only a single test.
General knowledge of networkingBasic knowledge of, or experience with, NetWare.


text:
#   with_scope(parent) do
#     field = find_field(field)
#     field_value = (field.tag_name == 'textarea') ? field.text : field.value
#     if field_value.respond_to? :should
#       field_value.should =~ /#{value}/
#     else
#       assert_match(/#{value}/, field_value)
#     end
#   end
# end

# Then /^the "([^"]*)" field(?: within (.*))? should not contain "([^"]*)"$/ do |field, parent, value|
#   with_scope(parent) do
#     field = find_field(field)
#     field_value = (field.tag_name == 'textarea') ? field.text : field.value
#     if field_value.respond_to? :should_not
#       field_value.should_not =~ /#{value}/
#     else
#       assert_no_match(/#{value}/, field_value)
#     end
#   end
# end

# Then /^the "([^"]*)" field should have the error "([^"]*)"$/ do |field, error_message|
#   element = find_field(field)
#   classes = element.find(:xpath, '..')[:class].split(' ')

#   form_for_input = element.find(:xpath, 'ancestor::form[1]')
#   using_formtastic = form_for_input[:class].include?('formtastic')
#   error_class = using_formtastic ? 'error' : 'field_with_errors'

#   if classes.respond_to? :should
#     classes.should include(error_class)
#   else
#     assert classes.include?(error_class)
#   end

#   if page.respond_to?(:should)
#     if using_formtastic
#       error_paragraph = element.find(:xpath, '../*[@class="inline-errors"][1]')
#       error_paragraph.should have_content(error_message)
#     else
#       page.should have_content("#{field.titlecase} #{error_message}")
#     end
#   else
#     if using_formtastic
#       error_paragraph = element.find(:xpath, '../*[@class="inline-errors"][1]')
#       assert error_paragraph.has_content?(error_message)
#     else
#       assert page.has_content?("#{field.titlecase} #{error_message}")
#     end
#   end
# end

# Then /^the "([^"]*)" field should have no error$/ do |field|
#   element = find_field(field)
#   classes = element.find(:xpath, '..')[:class].split(' ')
#   if classes.respond_to? :should
#     classes.should_not include('field_with_errors')
#     classes.should_not include('error')
#   else
#     assert !classes.include?('field_with_errors')
#     assert !classes.include?('error')
#   end
# end

# Then /^the "([^"]*)" checkbox(?: within (.*))? should be checked$/ do |label, parent|
#   with_scope(parent) do
#     field_checked = find_field(label)['checked']
#     if field_checked.respond_to? :should
#       field_checked.should be_true
#     else
#       assert field_checked
#     end
#   end
# end

# Then /^the "([^"]*)" checkbox(?: within (.*))? should not be checked$/ do |label, parent|
#   with_scope(parent) do
#     field_checked = find_field(label)['checked']
#     if field_checked.respond_to? :should
#       field_checked.should be_false
#     else
#       assert !field_checked
#     end
#   end
# end

# Then /^(?:|I )should be on (.+)$/ do |page_name|
#   current_path = URI.parse(current_url).path
#   if current_path.respond_to? :should
#     current_path.should == path_to(page_name)
#   else
#     assert_equal path_to(page_name), current_path
#   end
# end

# Then /^(?:|I )should have the following query string:$/ do |expected_pairs|
#   query = URI.parse(current_url).query
#   actual_params = query ? CGI.parse(query) : {}
#   expected_params = {}
#   expected_pairs.rows_hash.each_pair{|k,v| expected_params[k] = v.split(',')}

#   if actual_params.respond_to? :should
#     actual_params.should == expected_params
#   else
#     assert_equal expected_params, actual_params
#   end
# end

# Then /^show me the page$/ do
#   save_and_open_page
# end


text:
Legislative Council 2018: Prosser
As noted in my Hobart preview, I'm getting busy early on my Legislative Council previews as there are quite a few declared candidates already. There is one preview thread for each seat and I may have other threads should campaign issues warrant them. I expect to have live comments on the evening of Saturday 5th May. For more on Legislative Council voting patterns see my 2014-8 voting patterns thread.
This piece will be edited through the campaign from time to time for updates, campaign information, added candidates and changed assessments.
Seat Profile
Prosser is a fairly large rural and satellite-town seat in the midlands, east and south-east of Tasmania (see map). Its largest population centres are Brighton, Dodges Ferry and Sorell (all in the south) and other significant centres include Bagdad, Bicheno, Campbell Town, Swansea, Triabunna, Nubeena and Oatlands. Industries include farming, fishing and what remains of forestry, but around Sorell there has been a rapid increase in young commuting families.
Prosser is a new seat created by the recent redistribution. About 44% by population was previously in Rumney, 40% in Apsley and 16% (the Brighton area) in Derwent, and a lucky 26 voters also added from Western Tiers can consider themselves very special.
The very different histories of these component seats show it's hard to say what sort of political animal Prosser is going to be. Apsley and its precursor seats have always been held by independents, usually conservative. Derwent has been held by Labor for the past 39 years, while Rumney is a swing seat between Labor and conservatives.
At the 2018 state election, booths in Prosser returned votes of 46.1% Liberal, 37.7% Labor, 6.9% Green, 4.5% Lambie Network and 4.4% Shooters, Fishers and Farmers. This places Prosser to the left of the 2018 Lyons average by about five points. In the north of Prosser, the Liberals mostly exceeded 50% of the vote (see Ben Raue's maps of booth votes and swings), but they were outpolled by Labor at Dodges Ferry, Dunalley, Forcett, Nubeena, Primrose Sands and Taranna (all booths in the south-east, on or near the Tasman and Forestier Peninsulas). The south-eastern corner saw modest swings against the government with an outlier of 15 points at Orford (probably caused by fish farming). Elsewhere the government generally held steady or gained.
Voters in Prosser will be mostly well used to the sound of the LegCo trumpet by now. Apsley voters went to the polls in 2016 and Rumney voters did so just last year.
Declared Candidates
Nominations closed on April 12 and will be announced on April 13. Vacant seats often attract large fields. This is the largest field since there were also 13 in Mersey 1990 and the equal second largest of all time. Huon 1986 with fifteen is the all time record holder. Only six of the 13 candidates are based within the electorate.
The field includes, at least:
* Three former state MPs and another six former state candidates
* Two current and four former local councillors and another two former council candidates
Major parties
Jane Howlett (state election party page, Facebook, Linkedin) is the endorsed Liberal candidate. Howlett contested the seat of Lyons for the party in 2006, 2010 and 2018, increasing her vote each time. She was reasonably close to election with 4497 votes in 2010, and in 2018 polled 5259 votes but was unable to beat any of the Liberal incumbents as their votes were too close together. Howlett was also the party's candidate for Franklin at the 2010 federal election. Howlett, who grew up in Richmond just outside the Prosser boundary, performed well in booths within Prosser at the state election, polling 23% of the Liberal vote within these booths compared to 15% for Lyons overall. She did especially well in the south-west of Prosser where she polled over 30% of the Liberal vote at some booths. She was the highest-polling Liberal at Bagdad, Brighton, Campania and Kempton.
Howlett's Linkedin page lists her as a senior adviser to Lyons Liberal MP Guy Barnett, and also as a sales manager for Hair Care Australia. She was formerly state business development manager for Proctor and Gamble and a director for Variety. Little is known to me of Howlett's political views but her ACL response refers to "strong Christian values" and opposition to euthanasia. It does not appear Howlett currently lives within Prosser as the TEC listed her as being from Battery Point.
Janet Lambert (Facebook, candidacy announcement, state election party page) is the endorsed Labor candidate. Lambert is another Lyons 2018 recyclee, having polled 1783 primaries on a Labor ticket dominated by leader Rebecca White. In the end Lambert missed out in a within-party contest with Jen Butler by 347 votes. In general Lambert was at least the equal of Butler on primaries and preferences, but Butler outperformed her on the preferences of the two male Labor candidates. Lambert polled a lower proportion of the Labor vote in Prosser than elsewhere in Lyons, but this is mostly explained by Rebecca White dominating the Labor vote in southern Lyons. With the White factor removed, Lambert polled best in the northern midlands (including more than half the non-White Labor vote at Campbell Town), and also quite well in some coastal booths.
Lambert was elected to Northern Midlands council at the third attempt in 2011 and was re-elected fourth out of nine in 2014 with a quota in her own right (ahead of Michael Polley!) She is also a teacher with 25 years' experience and an electorate officer. Lambert is also a prominent recreational fisher and has been involved in anti-supertrawler campaigns. Like Howlett, Lambert also doesn't appear to currently live in Prosser, as the TEC listed her as being from Devon Hills near Launceston, but the electorate does include a large part of her Council area.
Well-known independents
Independent Tony Mulder (website, Facebook, Twitter) appears to be running for the seat for several months, based on various sightings of a car with Mulder branding in the electorate and other information. Mulder was a Clarence councillor from 2005 and fairly narrowly unsuccessful as a state Liberal candidate for Franklin in 2010. He then contested Rumney as an "independent liberal" (case sensitive); for more on the tangled history of Mulder's status vis-a-vis the Liberal Party see my Rumney preview from last year. Mulder defeated Labor's trouble-plagued incumbent Lin Thorp in 2011 (53.1-46.9 after preferences) but was in turn unseated by Labor's Sarah Lovell after one term in 2017 (52.3-47.7).
A police commander prior to his political career, Mulder earned a reputation as a forthright and sometimes grumpy contrarian with small-l liberal tendencies (see his ACL questionnaire response) and a penchant for politically incorrect comments. During the Rumney campaign, comments he had made about domestic violence were used against him (again see my Rumney article). In recent times there have been on-and-off tensions between the Mulder camp and the Liberal Party, for instance over their fast decision to squeeze him out by endorsing James Walker for the by-election caused by the resignation of the late Vanessa Goodwin. The endorsement of Howlett for this seat appears to be more of the same. Mulder has denied that he wanted to be preselected by the Liberals, but would at least prefer to have had a clear run without competition from them.
Mulder appears to have been running an organised but little publicised campaign for this seat for much of the last year. The TEC gives his residence as Howrah, which is outside the electorate, however he has represented the Tasman Peninsula and Sorell-Dunalley areas in his time as member for Rumney.
Independent Doug Parkinson (candidacy announcement, parliament page) is the former Labor MLC for Hobart. Parkinson unseated conservative incumbent Jean Moore (who had held the seat for just two years following a by-election) with 52.3% of the two-candidate vote. He then twice retained the seat with lopsided margins and the Greens as his main opposition before retiring in 2012. He has not been a party member since retiring. From 2006 he was Leader for the Government in the Legislative Council. He has decided to contest Prosser citing concern about the government's gun laws and water issues on the east coast. Parkinson's place of residence is given as North Hobart but he says he spends about half his time in Nubeena (which is within Prosser). A Parkinson pamphlet includes the slogan "putting people first in Prosser"; "putting people first" having also been the Labor state election slogan.
Independent Jim Playsted (website, Facebook) contested Lyons in 2010 for the Liberals, polling just over 4,000 primaries. Recently however Playsted has appeared as an opponent of local fish-farming (more here) and has also disagreed with Liberal policies on pokies and the Taswater takeover. He also cites social issues including same-sex marriage and euthanasia as causing him to feel "lonely" within the party, which he left in the last few years. He describes himself as a "social democrat" and is campaigning with red signs. Playsted lives within the electorate at Orford, and has extensive business experience in mining and industry equipment supplies. Playsted currently works for Hobart real estate firm Knight Frank.
Independent candidate Steve Mav (candidacy announcement - may be paywalled) contested Apsley in 2004 (placing third out of ten with 15% of the vote) and then scored another third place last year in Rumney with 18.6%, including a booth win at Primrose Sands.
Once a struggling Young Liberal student union and state Liberal candidate, Mav struck political paydirt with a campaign to rid Glenorchy pensioners of an Argentine ant infestation, and was elected to Glenorchy council in 2000, fourth out of six with almost a quota in his own right. A similar vote saw him returned third in 2005. He resigned from the council four months after contentiously starting to work outside the state in mid-2008.
That work was in Western Australia, where Mav attracted much controversy as Chief Executive Officer for the Gumala Aboriginal Corporation. See here, here, here, here, here, here (mostly paywalled) and many others. Mav describes the accusations against him as "Fake News" on account of the discontinuation of proceedings against him. While in WA Mav also found time to run for office under his full name Mavrigiannakis, placing second in the 2015 mayoral contest for Victoria Park. He states that while in WA he supported Labor.
In 2017 Mav chose to run an old-fashioned grassroots-style and sign campaign without any online presence, and he seems to be doing the same thing again this time, complete with a lot of sign-waving at passing motorists around Sorell. We won't get websites or Twitter or Facebook, but he gave a typically Trumpian all-caps performance at the ABC radio debate. Mav's nomination gives his place of residence as Orford, within the electorate (after being listed as from Cambridge when running for Rumney last year.)
Mav states that he will be a "pro-government independent" and that he will aim to help the government fulfill their election mandate to get things happening, and will support "most" government legislation. He has also picked up on my suggestion to reform the LegCo chairmanship conventions.
Independent John The Duke Of Avram is a former state MP and Sorell councilor. The Duke became famous as founder of his own micronation which had a tourism "bank" in Strahan. He was elected to the state parliament as a Liberal for a single term in 1989, with the result being widely attributed to the primitive nature of Robson Rotation at the time favouring him on the preferences of Robin Gray. The Duke was defeated at the next state election but was later briefly Deputy Mayor of Sorell. He has no recent party involvements. In 2002 he ran for the position of Mayor but was not even elected as a Councillor, and he has since made unsuccessful attempts to get his Sorell council seat back.
Other independents and minor parties
Independent Kim Peart (Twitter, candidacy announcement) contested (in a technical sense) Lyons at the state election, polling 158 votes of which 33 came within the electorate of Prosser. In a smaller field he'll do a lot better this time, but that's not saying much. Peart, a visual artist from Ross, was once included in a list of Tasmania's 200 movers and shakers by someone who had overestimated how many movers and shakers Tasmania has. That was on account of his bushland conservation work in the Clarence area, despite which he finished second last at the 2007 Clarence council election. Peart is a frequent contributor of some very odd material to Tasmanian Times including not one, but yes, two articles complaining about my five-word description of him in my Lyons guide. At this election Peart is on unusually orthodox territory, focusing mainly on housing issues.
Independent Scott Wiggins (Facebook, Linkedin) is a former Southern Midlands councillor from 1996 until a narrow defeat in 2002. He has worked as a vehicle fleet manager and driver for the state government (including the current Leader, I take it he means Leonie Hiscutt) and has also managed a livestock farm. Wiggins is listed as living in Howrah which is just outside the electorate.
Independent Kelly Spaulding (Facebook) is the Deputy Mayor of Tasman Council. He was first elected to the Council in 2002 for a single term, then next contested in 2014 when he was elected Deputy from off the council. He is a lifelong resident of the Highcroft area, which is within the electorate. His Facebook page lists him as owner of Lucky Ducks Cafe, Nubeena. He has also worked in agriculture, forestry, fishing and tourism. He is attempting to campaign by word of mouth and without election signage or pamphlets on the grounds of voters being sick of election season.
Independent Jo Bain (Facebook, Twitter) has a background in heritage conservation, environmental planning and agriculture and has served in the Army Reserve and as a volunteer firefighter. Bain states she has "only become politically engaged in the last four or five years" and has campaigned against fracking. She was the endorsed Greens candidate for Southern Midlands council in 2014, polling 3.8% (11th out of 12) but her membership of the Greens lapsed eighteen months ago. Her place of residence is listed as Parattah, which is within Prosser.
Colin Harriss, a rural and remote social worker from New Norfolk (outside the electorate), is a candidate for the Tasmanians 4 Tasmania Party (Facebook), which contested two seats at the state election with a spectacular lack of success. Harriss has worked widely across the country and within rural Tasmania. To the best of my knowledge he's the only candidate who has not previously run for elected office in Tasmania.
Lorraine Bennett (announcement, SFF state election page) is the Shooters, Fishers and Farmers candidate. Bennett is a former recruitment consultant and Human Resources and recruitment manager. Bennett is the party's state secretary and recently contested Denison at the state election, polling 1.8% in an electorate the party always polls badly in. At that election her place of residence was given as Granton, which is slightly outside Prosser.
Campaign and Issues
Population growth in the Sorell area in southern Prosser has created traffic and transport issues which were effectively canvassed by Sarah Lovell in winning Rumney. The Liberal government covered off on these, announcing a series of upgrades and reconstructions in the leadup to the state election, but it was not enough to stop a swing against it in the area.
Concern about fish farms was much hyped in the state election leadup but proved to be a total fizzer in issues polling and outside of directly affected booths. Overall, the state election found the Liberals' employment, economy and majority government message resonating across most of Prosser. Howlett has stated that if elected she sees her role to be helping the government deliver its mandate, a contrast to the typical concept of the Legislative Council as the house of review.
With both major parties contesting, the question of party members in the Legislative Council has come under scrutiny. The Liberals are claiming that Lambert would be just another Labor blocker while Labor will portray Howlett as just a rubber stamp. Mulder, Mav, or any other effective independent, may well argue both of these things (Mulder with the neat line that "you can't mark your own homework", and Mulder has even been saying that "the conservatives" are more dangerous than Labor, though his own voting pattern has been conservative at times in the past. Windermere MLC Ivan Dean, who I currently consider to be marginally to the right of the Liberal Party, has said it would be "a tragedy" if Labor won another seat. Parkinson - in another of the strange adventures in mandate theory we've seen in Tasmania in the last few months - has claimed that the government has no mandate for its policies on poker machines on account of it having a one-seat majority.
Gun regulation is an issue in an electorate which includes farmers keen to control browsing wildlife, but also includes the sites of the 1996 Port Arthur massacre. The day before the state election, the government was revealed to have made undertakings to firearms groups concerning relaxation of some restrictions, but not to have made this public policy. Opponents of the policy allege the proposed relaxation is dangerous while supporters maintain that the current restrictions are unnecessarily strict. Tony Mulder supports the government's push to relax the laws, as does Mav who attacked "trendies in Hobart" over the issue.
In addressing criticism over the gun policy, the government stated that it had a large number of policies that had been disclosed to interest groups but not published. (In political circles this is being referred to as their "200 secret policies" though one account suggested there were actually 170). Labor have correctly said that full details of these "policies" have still not been released (what has been released is a list of questionnaires and similar requests to which the government responded, and also a list of projects funded). Labor leader Rebecca White has said Labor wants to make sure the Upper House "isn't a rubber stamp" for policies that were not taken to the election. My view is that the "200 secret policies" matter is of interest to politics junkies only and is unlikely to influence the result.
In early April, corflutes for Howlett, Lambert, Mulder and Mav were seen along the Midlands Highway, with Howlett's by far the commonest. This doesn't necessarily mean anything, as Liberal corflutes outnumbered Labor's heavily at the 2016 federal election in the same area but the Liberals' result in that one was poor. There have been reports of Mav waving signs on causeways around Sorell.
There has been some sparring between Mulder and Mav with Mulder calling Mav a "maverick" and highlighting Mav's Gumala issues, while Mav has called Mulder a "fake independent". Mav has also described Playsted's views on fish farming as "Greens policies".
The government's proposed takeover of TasWater was supported by Mulder, Mav and (obviously) Howlett and opposed by Lambert and Playsted. This plan has now been shelved.
Howlett raised my eyebrows at least by being absent from the ABC Mornings radio debate on 26 April, as were Bennett and Spaulding. I have still seen no explanation for Howlett's absence. 17 minutes after the debate concluded, Howlett's Facebook page was updated with a call for mandatory sentencing for "paedophiles" (complete with petition), though it is unknown to me whether she posted it or someone else.
It is hard to say how the surprising events involving Sue Hickey being elected Speaker will impact on Prosser. They are possibly very damaging for the government but on the other hand there could be a desire in the north to reject what some have seen as a Hobart power grab and show support for the government.
Overall, should the government fail to win the seat themselves, they could probably work with Mav or (after sufficient fence-mending) Mulder, but a win by Lambert or Parkinson would be a disaster for the government and they would also have major concerns about Playsted.
If the 2018 state election results were repeated, the Liberals would narrowly win after preferences, but majority government won't be a factor in an Upper House contest. There is also the aversion of some voters for voting for party candidates in the Legislative Council at all, though that hasn't really been on display in the south of this electorate recently.
In 2014 the Liberals sought to turn the honeymoon effect from their win from Opposition into Legislative Council seats, as Jim Bacon's ALP had done before them, but they got a very rude surprise. They failed to win the vacant seat of Huon or make a contest of it with Kerry Finch in Rosevears. Was there anything systematic in the voters' rejections of the Liberal candidates, or were these results were really down to the nature of the specific contests? Was Finch too entrenched for a relatively low-profile Liberal opponent to beat, and was Peter Hodgman coming out of long retirement to join his nephew's team a bridge too far for Huon voters? In this case we know Howlett has polled well in this electorate this year, so if she doesn't win we can assume the anti-party or at least anti-government backlash in LegCo voting is too strong for a Liberal candidate to win in this electorate.
With the new electorate being neither especially right- or left-wing it seems to be an ideal stage for a high-profile populist or conservative independent. Of the two long-standing prominent contenders, Mulder has the edge in profile from having served nearly half the electorate's voters as an MLC. Mav is also known to these electors as a recent candidate who polled reasonably well, but the question will be his success level at building his profile across the electorate. Both Mulder and Mav are controversial personalities, but Mulder at least has been campaigning for a very long time.
Playsted is less personally controversial and is quite well known within the electorate (indeed he is the most prominent contender who lives in it!), one question being whether he can build enough primary vote support in a four-week campaign. He is certainly trying. Another question with Playsted is what voters will make of the change in his issues positions since the former Liberal now opposes the Government across a wide range of issues likely to come before the Council.
With a similarly late announcement I am not sure whether Parkinson is still high-profile enough to pose a threat (especially having formerly been an MP for an entirely different electorate), but it will be interesting to see how the pro-Labor vote splits between him and the endorsed ALP candidate Lambert. The remaining independents and minor party candidates don't have much profile between them and I doubt any of the remainder will break 10%. Spaulding deserves a brief mention here because at least he can actually win his local council seat (unlike a few of the others), but that said his council is a small one.
It would be a really odd result if Labor were to win Prosser after being trounced in the state election, but it shouldn't be dismissed too readily. Prosser is more Labor-friendly than Pembroke, which Labor won in 2017, and Labor may be suited by the campaign spending limits (which favour volunteer ground campaigns) and by the majority government issue no longer being in play.
With a very large field of candidates there will be large swings "against" the major parties compared to the state election, and probably a long preference distribution to establish the winner as it is unlikely anyone will poll anything remotely near 50% on primaries. If either major party is eliminated their preferences will flow to whatever independents remain in the race over the other major party, which might allow a lead of, say, 10% for the other major party to be closed down, but if it ends up being Labor-vs-Liberal then preferences might not do all that much.
This is the most open LegCo race in many years in terms of the number of candidates who are capable, if they campaign well and things go right for them, of winning. However perhaps it is too open for the indies - the sheer number of them could make it hard for any of them to poll a big enough primary vote to win. This matters because while there will be some pooling of preferences between the indies, preference flows in the LegCo these days are not terribly strong. Also, since voters are only required to number three boxes there will be a significant exhaust rate. Probably, the winning candidate will only need to reach a total vote of around 43% after preferences to be sure of crossing the line.
(A historical note here: Robert Armstrong's victory in Huon in 2014, overturning a Liberal Party lead of 5.7% on primaries, was the largest lead overturned since 1966. However early in the 20th century there were several cases of double-digit leads being overturned on preferences.)
Readers of this site have Howlett favourite, strongly. She has a good chance of polling a primary vote that is ahead of Lambert and too far ahead of the indies for any of them to catch her. It's conceivable that Howlett will bolt in, but it's also conceivable that enough voters will plump for independence, her primary won't be that high and there will be a long and very messy cutup to determine the last one standing.
Tally Room guide
ABC Mornings Prosser debate (candidates start at 39:40)
Posted by Kevin Bonham at 2:01 AM
Labels: candidate guides, Jane Howlett, Janet Lambert, Legislative Council, Parkinson, Prosser, pseph, state, Steve Mav, Tasmania, Tony Mulder
Pat Caplice March 26, 2018 at 9:41 AM
https://www.facebook.com/Jo-Bain-201437783776417/
moksha March 26, 2018 at 4:44 PM
"Was there was anything systematic..."
thanks for all your work, Kevin
Andrew May 1, 2018 at 7:15 PM
A good thirty years ago, Peart was, I believe, running The Viking Society of Tasmania. He made swords and chainmail I recall.
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text:
Oprah Lifts Weight Watchers International, Inc. (WTW) Yet Again; Call Volume Pops
An Oprah tweet has Weight Watchers International, Inc. (NYSE:WTW) surging
Josh Selway
An Oprah tweet has Weight Watchers International, Inc. (WTW) surging
Oprah's moving markets again. The media celebrity took to Twitter to promote Weight Watchers International, Inc. (NYSE:WTW) and its pro-bread stance, and now shares of the weight-loss company are up 20.4% at $13.39. In the video that has caused the stock's surge, Oprah says she's lost 26 pounds on a WTW program, despite eating bread every day.
In the meantime, activity has picked up in the stock's option pits. Calls are trading at almost twice the average intraday pace, with buy-to-open activity likely at several strikes in the weekly 1/29 series, as traders bet on extended gains from WTW before the contracts expire at the end of the week. The most popular front-month option, meanwhile, is the February 16 strike call. It looks like speculators are purchasing bullish positions here, as well, in anticipation of the shares taking out $16 before options expiration, at the close on Friday, Feb. 19. WTW traded above $16 as recently as Jan. 13.
On the whole, WTW calls have outpaced puts today by 10,000 to 1,629, which is quite unusual. In fact, over the past 10 sessions, more puts have been bought to open than calls across the International Securities Exchange (ISE), Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), and NASDAQ OMX PHLX (PHLX). This is according to the stock's 10-day put/call volume ratio of 1.07.
Elsewhere, short sellers have been entering the picture. Specifically, short interest jumped by almost 21% during the previous two-week reporting period to nearly 14 million shares. However, it would take short sellers fewer than three days to cover their positions, at normal daily volumes.
Looking over to the charts, it's no secret Oprah's investment last year was a boon for Weight Watchers International, Inc. (NYSE:WTW), with the shares jumping from $6.79 prior to the announcement, to as high as $28.05 in November. However, this technical success was short-lived, with a fundamental mishap accelerating the stock's sell-off this month. Over the past two months, WTW has underperformed the S&P 500 Index (SPX) by over 53 percentage points.
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text:
Shrouded in Secrecy
Woman and Home, April 1995
Could cults be a threat to your family?
Parents who have lost children to so-called religious cults claim these twilight organisations have wrecked their lives and robbed them of their loved ones. But the groups themselves say they offer nothing more than an alternative system of belief.
Jane Akshar was on her way home from work one evening when she was approached by a "personable young man" on the London tube and invited to a Bible discussion. "I was interested, especially as the approach came from someone who seemed so completely normal." She went along to a Sunday service, and came away "feeling I had met 400 new friends and just had to find out their names."
Within weeks, this 39-year-old computer consultant, a former member of Junior Mensa, was giving ten per cent of her income to the London Church of Christ. She had ejected her lodger and was sharing her own house with girls from the church who "told me what rent they were going to pay, which rooms they were going to have and where I could sleep." She was even placed on a diet because she was perceived as being overweight and therefore "ungodly".
For the next seven years, Jane's whole life was controlled by the organisation, to the extent that she had her cat put down when church elders accused her of loving her pet more than God.
The church, set up in London in 1982, operates a religious regime. Recruits are looked after by "disciplers", sometimes as young as 19 or 20. "You are encouraged to let them into your mind and if you try and hold back or be provate about anything you are condemned for being proud. There is intense emotional pressure: you are letting God down if you question your discipler," Jane explains.
The church invades every aspect of the followers lives, choosing partners for them and devising a complex social calendar to ensure that almost every free moment is taken up with church activities. When Jane and another Church member Ayman, formed a close emotional attachment they had to receive permission from church elders to continue the relationship. "When we eventually realised how strong our feelings were for each other they put an incredible amount of pressure on Ayman to give me up. They said he could choose any other woman in the group to go out with. The extent of control is frightening – when we got married we had to report back on our honeymoon even telling them how many times we had made love. A discipler acts as the intermediary in any squabbles between partners so you aren't even allowed to take responsibility for your own arguments."
Jane and Ayman finally broke free from the London Church of Christ after Jane had suffered a miscarriage due, she believes, to the crazy lifestyle imposed on them by the church. Today she and her husband offer help and advice to other cult members who are questioning their involvement with these extreme organisations.
In search of spirituality
Remarkable as it sounds, Jane's story is not untypical. The London Church of Christ is one of many so-called cults – groups which apparently exert mind control over their members – now operating in the UK, breaking up families, taking wives from husbands, estranging children from parents.
Estimates vary dramatically, but it's believed by both the Cult Information Centre and Catalyst, a counselling organisation specialising in helping ex-cult members and their families, that there are around a thousand cults actively recruiting in the UK today. The CIC receives over 3000 phone calls a year from families and friends of people involved in these twilight organisations and hears every week about new groups springing up.
Those now involved in cults in the UK may number "as many as a million, depending on your definition of what a cult is" says Graham Baldwin of Catalyst.
Ian Haworth of the CIC, puts it even more strongly. "Per capita, he have as big a cult problem in the UK as the in the USA."
Traditionally, the Americans have embraced a wide variety of beliefs. Some remain extreme and of interest to the fanatical few and others, like the Church of Scientology have achieved mainstream respectability with a queue of celebrity names such as Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman and both Priscilla Presley and Lisa Marie Presley-Jackson, happy to be publicly associated with it.
In the UK, Sceintology has an estimated 50,000 followers, while the Unification Church (or Moonies) which suffered a rush a bad publicity in the 1980s may currently have as few as 2000. A recent introductory meeting of New Age group the Gnostics – held at Chelsea Town Hall recently – drew a packed audience of 500.
It's easy to dismiss the cult phenomenon as a fad, symptomatic of a society which is increasingly questioning its spiritual direction. That is partly because the world "cult" is associated either with the weirdly melodramatic – such as the tragic siege in 1993 at Waco, Texas, in which over 80 followers and Branch Davidian leader David Koresh died in a hideous inferno and, last yeare, the mysterious deaths of 50 members of the Order of the Solar Temple in Canada and Switzerland – or the plain silly – like the mass wedding of 40,000 Moonies at the Olympic Stadium in Seoul in 1992. Reports of such incidents sensationalise and, by so doing, inadvertently trivialise what is, in fact, an insidious and growing problem. It's seen as something that "happens over there" and couldn't possibly happen here. But it could and it does.
But just how do you identify a cult? The CIC, set up in the late 1980s to counter the spread of such organisations says difficulties arise because there are so many different groups. They include movements based loosely on Christianity, such as The Family of Love (formerly the Children of God), the London Church of Christ, Scientology, occultism, neo-paganism, Satanism; and Eastern inspired movements such as Rajneeshism. The latter hit the headlines last year when two former devotees, now leading respectable lives in Britain, were extradited to the USA to face charges of conspiracy to kill the State Prosecutor of Oregon who, in 1985 when the offence is alleged to have taken place, was conducting a case against cult leader Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh. Rajneesh died in 1990 but not before his teachings of "finding enlightenment and contemplative release from self through love and laughter" had earned him a personal fortune of several million, (including a fleet of Rolls-Royces) and a worldwide following.
It is perhaps no accident that cults are often founded by a self-appointed, messianic and unaccountable leader such as Rajneesh. Groups such as the Branch Davidians and The Order of the Solar Temple were known to indoctrinate members using a variety of coercive psychological techniques including sleep deprivation, food control, confession, peer pressure, removal of privacy, isolation, controlled approval and rigid rules.
"She was closed off – zombified"
Dennis Eborall – father of a cult member
"Our daughter went to Birmingham University in 1993 and came home talking about the church she had joined. A month later, she phoned up to say she was moving out of her flat because she couldn't be a Christian unless she lived with other Christians.
"We found out as much as we could about the International Church of Christ and were devastated when we heard it was considered one of teh most dangerous religious cults in this country. We set up a meeting between Graham Baldwin of Catalyst and our daughter. He said she was the worst case he had ever seen. She was totally closed off – zombified.
"I do as much as I can to expose the work of the International Church of Christ. I might not get my daughter back, but it could stop other vulnerable youngsters being drawn in. I've even walked around Birmingham with a sandwich board warning against them.
"All the members are middle class, idealistic young people with good earning potential. They are indoctrinated to give some of their income to the church.
"Our daughter still calls us and comes home about every two months, but we don't talk about the cult now because it causes terrible arguments. She's changed drastically. She's lost interest in her degree which worries me.
"I have to believe that one day she'll break free, but I realise that the real problems might only surface then. Ex-members of cults are usually so indoctrinated that they can't make decisions for themselves. Outside, there's a vacuum in their lives. I just hope the love of her family can fill it when the time comes.."
Preying on the vulnerable?
Some organisations recruit among the particularly impressionable and insecure. They frequently target the very young, recruiting at colleges and universities, often appealing to the idealism of well-educated, open-minded students fresh from the security of a family environment. The Birmingham Church of Christ, which denies being a cult, stands by its recruitment policy. The Church's training manual, Shining Like Stars, says that first-year students are the geese that lay golden eggs, individuals who, once recruited will go out and spread the message among their peers.
Graham Baldwin of Catalyst says that "anyone in a transitional time of their life – leaving home, breaking up a long-term relationship, going through a divorce or bereavement, moving to a new areaor even losing a job – is at risk". They are easy prey to someone who comes along offering supposedly unconditional love and the chance of a new beginning."
Older high earners who are disillusioned with their careers, may also fall victim, particularly those who have, perhaps, sacrificed an active social life in the pursuit of their careers but, having enjoyed professional success, find there is still an emotional void in their lives. For these individuals a structured social routine and the chance of spiritual fulfilment can be particularly appealing. Before long, though, not only have their lives been overtaken but their bank accounts, too, as the group lays claim to their loyalties and assets.
The rules of seduction
But how do you tell if a loved one is under the influence of a religious cult? Usually they will lead an outwardly normal life and continue to hold down a regular job. Socially, though, they are likely to reject or avoid friends who are not members of the group and become secretive towards loved ones – they are only allowed to talk freely with fellow group members. Many, if not all, members are actively encouraged to cut off from existing relationships: one man, who joined a New Age cult, made a single three-minute phone call to end his 15-year marriage. Some groups even use food control, specifying meal times and content, to exert influence.
Religious cults have been consistently and vehemently criticised for their methods of keeping followers loyal. Claims of mind control techniques to suppress individual will and promote compliance and collective thinking are common. The effects of these is often a complete change in the recruit's personality. "The first thing that families notice," says Ian Haworth, "is that Sally has changed or Christopher isn't Christopher anymore." Time and time again, people who have been involved in cults, who have had friends or families involved or who have helped cult members to leave, describe zombie-like behaviour coupled with an impenetrable "glazed look". The recruit's individuality is suppressed, his or her personality squeezed into an extreme form of corporate identity. "People feel," says one ex-cult member, "as if they have been spiritually raped."
The commitment of cult members in the lower echelons is undoubtedly genuine enough. Cults are said to operate through a pyramidal system of control; but those at the top often make no secret of the fact that belief is a lucrative business.
Some leaders are openly interested in making money – L Ron Hubbard, founder of the Church of Scientology said "if you really want to make a fortune, found a religion" – (he did). But the attraction for others is even more basic – power. Frequently under-achievers in their pre-cult days, senior cult members often attain a status withoin their groups that they could only have dreamed of in the "outside" world. Witness David Koresh. Though he harboured dreams of being a famous rock musician, Koresh was a drifter and a social outcast, but his life changed when he discovered religion and dubbed himself the new Messiah. The adulation he had never received in the outside world was suddenly his, with the ability to hold sway over a loyal group of followers willing to die for him – the ultimate authority trip. In order to keep his power, information from the outside was strictly vetted, and any attempts by families to expose wrong doings treated as "spiritual pornography".
Simply misunderstood?
But Neville Lee, UK administrator for the London Church of Christ, claims that so-called cults are doing nothing more than filling a genuine void left by the failings of conventional religions. "We hold the word of God in far greater esteem than many other churches would appear to by their actions. We don't tolerate anything the Bible doesn't tolerate like homosexuality or immorality. Discipling is not a hierarchical relationship. It's a relationship that works both ways, but generally an older Christian (older in faith, if not always in years) should be walking closer to God and should be the one giving the most help, encouragement and instruction. I believe if you preach true biblical Christianity, it does create controversy – because it's so direct. A lot of churches have abandoned such teaching. That's why we get surrounded by controversy and they don't."
Families who have been estranged from their nearest and dearest would, no doubt, dispute that the true teachings of the bible endorse rejecting parental love and family life. For them the hardest part may not be losing a son or daughter to a cult – though that is heartbreaking enough – but receiving a relative stranger back into their homes and trying piece by piece to rebuild the relationship.
"A lot of people come to me in serious distress," says Graham Baldwin. "They can't live with the rigours of the group, but at the same time they have been indoctrinated to believe that they need the group more than anything else. They are going through hell and blame themselves rather than the group for their failure. To their families they can seem very distant. Rebuilding relationships is a long, slow, painstaking process, fraught with problems. But it's possible with love, patience and understanding."


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Published on 01-07-2011 03:09 AM Number of Views: 3841
Los Angeles (CNN) -- A task force made up of local and federal law enforcement agencies is actively pursuing leads into the 1997 slaying of hip hop artist Christopher Wallace, better known as Biggie Smalls or Notorious B.I.G., according to two sources familiar with the investigation.
According to one law enforcement source, the investigation into the 13-year-old unsolved case was "reinvigorated" months ago as a result of new information, but the source would not elaborate further because of the ongoing investigation that includes the Los Angeles Police Department, L.A. County District Attorney's Office and the FBI. On March 9, 1997, Wallace, 24, was shot and killed while riding in a Suburban that was driving away from a music industry party at the Petersen Automotive Museum in Los Angeles.
Los Angeles police said a lone gunman in a Chevy Impala pulled alongside the Suburban and opened fire on Wallace, who was in the passenger seat. Witnesses described the suspect as being an African-American man wearing a suit and bow tie. The main theory behind shooting was payback in a so-called rap war between East and West Coast hip hop artists and their record companies- Bad Boy Entertainment in New York, which represented Wallace, and Death Row Records, headed by Marion "Suge" Knight, in Los Angeles. Six months earlier in Las Vegas, a gunman opened fire on a car driven by Knight, killing one of his top artists Tupac Shakur. That murder remains unsolved also.
"East Coast was Biggie, West Coast was Tupac," Wallace's mother Voletta Wallace told a filmmaker in the 2002 documentary "Biggie and Tupac." "Come on now, you're messing with lives here and that's exactly what happened. Two lives were lost as a result of what? Stupidity?" Voletta Wallace told the filmmaker.
Retired Los Angeles Police Detective Russell Poole, who worked on the Wallace case, told CNN that he believes Knight was behind the murder, even though the Death Row Records' boss was serving time on a probation violation at the time.
"Suge Knight ordered the hit," Poole said, adding that he believes it was arranged by Reggie Wright Jr., who headed security for Death Row Records.
Reggie Wright Jr. told CNN he had nothing to do with the murder, and Knight has repeatedly said he had nothing to do with the crime. Poole said he retired early from the LAPD, in part, because he was thwarted in following leads in the Wallace case involving police officers, some of whom worked off-duty for Death Row Records. "I think I was getting too close to the truth," Poole said. "I think they feared that the truth would be a scandal."
One of the officers Poole said was involved is David Mack, who was sent to prison for robbing a bank in 1997, the same year Wallace was killed. Poole said Mack owned the same type of car driven by the gunman who shot Wallace, and Poole said a friend of Mack's resembles a police sketch of the shooter. CNN was unable to reach Mack for comment, but when allegations of his involvement in Wallace' slaying originally surfaced more than a decade ago, his criminal defense attorney Donald Re called the claims ridiculous.
Poole also assisted Wallace's family in their wrongful death lawsuit against the Los Angeles Police Department alleging a cover-up in the investigation.
Los Angeles City Councilman Bernard Parks was the chief of police when Poole was investigating, and he told CNN the accusations about a police cover-up are "absurd." "We would have never ignored a lead that could have helped us solve that murder," Parks said.
Perry Sanders, Voletta Wallace's attorney, told CNN the family's lawsuit, which was originally filed in 2002, was put on hold in April after Los Angeles police said turning over evidence from the case would interfere with a beefed up investigation. Mack was released from federal prison on May 14.
http://www.cnn.com/video/?/video/cri....cold.case.cnn
Source: CNN.com
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tiny - 01-09-2011
do anyone know what new lead, they have now??
NotoriousB.I.G.4ever - 01-12-2011
Just heard about this in the biggest swedish newspaper i got a chock when i saw Big's face in the paper
Nice to hear that the murder case is re opened!
geesta5 - 01-18-2011
It's been too long. I pray that B.I.G.'s murderers are found. Somebody somewhere knows something about these dirtbags. Release yourselves, do what's right if you're still living (and not being paid off).
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CAPSICUM annuum var. annuum (Longum Group)
(Chile Pepper)
Prized for their vibrantly flavored and colored fruits, peppers are annuals or short-lived perennials native to tropical America. The Longum Group comprises peppers which are renowned for their hot pungent flavors and bright colors. The fruits - which are typically slender and tapered but sometimes squat and rounded - often make an ornamental as well as a culinary statement. Some hot peppers also have purple or variegated foliage. Flowering and fruiting occur from late spring into fall in areas with...
CAPSICUM annuum var. aviculare
(Chile Pequin Pepper)
The long, broad cultivation history of the pepper best explains why its fruits come in a myriad of forms tastes and colors, whether they are big or small, hot or sweet, red or yellow.
Native to tropical America, these annuals have been grown and selected by Native Americans since pre-history times. In fact, their specific region of origin is still unknown due to distribution by man. Peppers became available to Europeans when the new and old worlds connected. Since then, many unique selections...
(Aji, Datil, Goat Pepper, Habanero, Jamaican Hot, Rocotillo, Scotch Bonnet)
Hot pepper lovers are passionate about the super spicy peppers in this species. In fact, some of the variable fruits in Capsicum chinense are some of the hottest in the world. Grown for their pungent flavor and fruity aroma, they are mostly associated with the cuisines of Mexico and the Caribbean and may be called Habanero, Scotch Bonnet, Rocotillo, Congo Pepper, Bonda Man Jacques, Red Dominica, Goat Pepper, Jamaican Hot, Trinidad Seasoning Pepper, Datil and Adjuma. Many of these common...
CAPSICUM chinense (Habanero Group)
(Habanero Pepper)
These are some of the hottest peppers in the world. Grown for their pungent flavor and fruity aroma, peppers in the Habanero Group are mostly associated with the cuisines of Latin America. Though the name "chinense" suggests a Chinese origin, these tender annuals originate from the Americas and were selected and distributed by Native Americans since pre-history times. Their area of origin was likely the Amazon Basin and domestication probably originated in tropical Peru. Many separate Capsicum...
CAPSICUM chinense (Scotch Bonnet Group)
Gerald L. Klingaman
(Scotch Bonnet Pepper)
These are some of the hottest peppers in the world. Grown for their pungent flavor and fruity aroma, peppers in the Scotch Bonnet Group are mostly associated with the cuisines of the Caribbean. Though the name "chinense" suggests a Chinese origin, these tender annuals originate from the Americas and have been selected and distributed by Native Americans since prehistory times. Their area of origin was likely the Amazon Basin and domestication probably originated in tropical Peru. Many separate Capsicum...
(Tabasco Pepper)
Very hot, spicy and colorful fruits are produced on tabasco pepper plants. The small fruits are usually held upright on the leafy branches. The fruits and seeds of these peppers are dried and roasted and then pulverized to make cayenne pepper spice, however any dried red pepper (regardless of species) today is colloquially known as a cayenne pepper. Although many tabasco or cayenne peppers in modern domestication may be botanically classified in the Longum group of species Capsicum annuum,...
CAPSICUM frutescens 'Calcutta'
Very hot, spicy and colorful fruits are produced on tabasco pepper variety 'Calcutta'. The slim, 3-inch-long (8 cm) fruits are usually held upright on the leafy branches. The seeds of these peppers may be dried and roasted and then pulverized to make cayenne pepper spice. However, any dried red pepper (regardless of species) today is colloquially known as a cayenne pepper. Tabasco pepper is believed to have origins in northern South America, with native peoples domesticating it centuries ago and...
CAREX dolichostachya
(Fountain Sedge)
Japanese weeping sedge is a lovely foliage plant native to the woodlands of Japan. This adaptable perennial forms evergreen to semi-evergreen clumps of bright green, grassy foliage. It is tolerant of moist soils and prefers full to part shade. Like many sedges, Japanese weeping sedge looks best when planted in masses. It also may be mixed with other perennials for shade or used to edge shaded gardens.
CAREX hachijoensis 'Evergold'
Florida Plants Online
(Japanese Sedge, Morrow's Sedge, Old Gold Sedge)
Evergold sedge is an evergreen, herbaceous perennial that originates from Japan. This attractive shade-loving plant forms grassy, mop-like clumps of dark green foliage with a prominent gold stripe down the center of each blade. Hardy and vigorous, it mixes well with other perennials for shade and is easy to grow if provided with organic-rich, evenly moist soil. Enjoy it massed as a groundcover or planted along the edge of a shaded border. Though evergreen, it is best to shear back plants in late...
CAREX morrowii
(Japanese Sedge, Morrow's Sedge)
Morrow's sedge is an evergreen, herbaceous perennial that originates from Japan. This tidy and attractive shade-loving plant forms grassy, mop-like clumps of medium green. Hardy and vigorous, it mixes well with other perennials for shade and is easy to grow if provided with organic-rich, evenly moist soil. Enjoy it massed as a groundcover or planted along the edge of a shaded border. Though evergreen, it is best to shear back plants in late winter to allow for a flush of clean fresh growth.


Concert duration: ± 20 minutes.
Concert duration: ± 1 hour (optionally doubled).
The young people's club, for the 17-26 age group.
Musical speed dating with the students of the CNSM Music School in Paris.
Musical performances by artists from alternative musical environments, for a great end to the evening.
Programme recommended for the 17-26 age group.
Musical kindergarten for children from age 5, connected to the concert programme for parents.
Entrance: 5 € booking required.


Chuck Black has been painting with acrylics and oils for over ten years. After relocating to Southwest Montana in 2015, he took the leap to pursue his passion for art full-time. He hopes to continue to grow through the years as he becomes more inspired by the beauty of "big sky country."


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Home Entertainment Full Profile of Korean Actress Woo Hee-jin
Full Profile of Korean Actress Woo Hee-jin
news.naver.com
Veteran Korean Actress Woo Hee-jin
Do you know the veteran Korean actress Woo Hee-jin? If you don't know anything about her, then this is the perfect opportunity to find out! Are you ready to get to know her? Let's check her profile!
Woo Hee-jin's Profile
hmenter.alltheway.kr
Woo Hee-jin is a Korean actress who was born on May 24, 1975. Before she began her career in acting, she first started by modeling in commercials since she was in sixth grade. She made her acting debut in 1987. Her first drama was MBC's 500 Years of Joseon: Queen Inhyeon where she acted as the young version of Sejabin, who later became Queen Danui.
While pursuing her dreams as a successful actress, she attended Seoul Institute of the Arts and majored in theater. Woo Hee-jin became a household name after she starred in the campus drama Feelings which was aired in 1994 and the sitcom Three Guys and Three Girls alongside fellow actor Song Seung-hun. Right now, she is working under the management of HM Entertainment alongside various artists such as Park Hae-il, Lee Sang-woo, Kim Young-jae, An Gi-young, and many others.
If you want to know what kind of activities she is doing right now, you can visit HM Entertainment's official Instagram account @hment__!
Career: Dramas, Movies, and TV and Radio Programs
chosun.com
Woo Hee-jin made her debut in 1987. Her first appearance on television was when she acted as the young Sejabin in the MBC drama 500 Years of Joseon: Queen Inhyeon. After that, she returned 5 years later by starring in KBS2's drama For Love. She continues to be active in the acting field and made many appearances in various dramas such as Feelings, War and Love, Three Guys and Three Girls, The More I Love You, and many more.
She made a name for herself after she appeared in KBS2's drama Feelings and MBC's sitcom Three Guys and Three Girls. After her popularity rose, she kept appearing in many dramas. She even came out in the widely popular Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo alongside IU, Lee Joon-gi, and Kang Ha-neul as Court Lady Oh Soo-yeon.
Woo Hee-jin has received a few awards for her acting. For instance, she received the Excellence Award, Actress category back in 1996. She also received another award at the same event, this time the Excellence Award, Actress in a Serial Drama category in 2002. In 2014, she was nominated for Best Actress in the One-Act/Special/Short Drama category at KBS Drama Awards.
Aside from dramas, she also made appearances in movies as well. So far, she has appeared in three movies, including Young Lover (1994) where she acted as Kim Yoon-hee, a short film titled Coming Out (2001), and National Security (2012) where she acted as a cameo.
She is also actively working on TV and radio programs. She has hosted a few TV programs, including Popular Music Best 50, A Fun Connection Between Two Friends, Oh! My Mistake, and Wow! e Wonderful World. She also hosted the radio program EBS FM Special on EBS Radio.
If you want to watch her performances, you can see her drama list below!
Year Title TV Network
1988 500 Years of Joseon: Queen Inhyeon MBC
1992 For Love KBS2
1993 Good Moning, Yeong-dong KBS2
1994 Feelings KBS2
1995 General Hospital MBC
Good Man, Good Woman KBS2
Declaration MBC
War and Love MBC
1996 Salted Mackerel MBC
Three Guys and Three Girls MBC
1997 MBC Best Theater "Followed Recklessly by a Punch of Humor" MBC
The Third Man MBC
White Christmas SBS
1998 MBC Best Theater "Murphy's Law" MBC
1999 Bridge over Troubled Water MBC
Assignable Appearance KBS2
MBC Best Theater "When You Look at Me While I Sleep" MBC
2000 The More I Love You MBC
Money.com SBS
Three Friends MBC
2001 More Than Words Can Say KBS1
2002 Miss Mermaid MBC
2003 Apgujeong House SBS
MBC Best Theater "Farewell Waltz" MBC
2005 Woman Above Flowers SBS
The Barefooted Youth MBC
2006 MBC Best Theater "Mothan Woman, Haetdon Man" MBC
One Fine Day MBC
Look Back with a Smile KBS2
2007 It's OK Because I Love You KBS2
2008 HDTV Literature "My Bloody Valentine" KBS1
2009 Three Men tvN
2010 Life Is Beautiful SBS
2011 I Trusted Men MBC
2012 Hometown over the Hill 2 KBS1
2013 Passionate Love SBS
2014 Drama Special "Playing Games" KBS2
Jang Bo-ri Is Here! MBC
Healer KBS2
2015 A Daughter Just like You MBC
2016 Good Person MBC
Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo SBS
2017 Bad Thief, Good Thief MBC
2018 I Am the Mother Too SBS
Woo Hee-jin had a long-term relationship with her ex-boyfriend Lee Seung-yong. She first met Lee Seong-yong who is also an actor when they filmed MBC's drama The More I Love You together back in 2000. They became close in the process of the drama's shooting, and their relationship eventually developed into a romance. They started dating in 2001.
Woo Hee-jin first announced their relationship at a press conference for her drama I Trusted Men in 2011 at the tenth year of their relationship. While being in a relationship, she also had a chance to share her thoughts about an ideal marriage outlook in one of her interviews. She said that when she marries someone, she wants to live in a separate house from her husband, but their houses will still be located close to each other's.
But, one year after she announced their relationship, she broke up with Lee Seong-yong and ended their long journey as a couple. Right now, it seems that there is still no news about her being in a new relationship.
What do you think about Woo Hee-jin? Are you becoming interested in her works and her life? Don't forget to leave comments about your thoughts on this wonderful actress!
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