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Honey for Rosh Hashanah
The following was published on the HuffingtonPost and on several Patch.com sites before the Rosh Hashanah holiday:
At no time during my experience in a New York City rabbinical school did I think I would ever be donning full beekeeper regalia and watching as thousands of bees made honey on a farm in Michigan's Amish country. But that is precisely what I found myself doing for the first time this past spring.
In addition to learning about the honey-making process, I've also learned about colony collapse disorder, the unexplained phenomenon of worker bees disappearing from hives causing a shortage of bee honey in recent years. I learned this from Don and Carol Ragan, a lovely couple who own the Windmill Hill Farm in Croswell (located in the "thumb" of Michigan). Carol first contacted me in February immediately after reading an article in the Detroit Free Press about Kosher Michigan, the kosher certification agency I started. She wanted to know what was involved in obtaining certification for her bee honey.
I told her that I would have to get back to her because I really wasn't sure what it took to certify bee honey as kosher. The mere fact that bee honey is kosher is itself odd. After all, it is a product of the non-kosher bee (no insects except for certain locust species are deemed kosher by the Torah). So, how can a product of a non-kosher animal be kosher? It is believed that honey is kosher since it is produced outside of the body of the bee. But that isn't totally true. In actuality, bees suck nectar from flowers with their proboscis (mouth) and this nectar mixes with saliva and is swallowed into the honey sac, where enzymes from the saliva break down the nectar into honey. The nectar is never digested, but rather transformed into honey by the saliva. The honey is regurgitated when the bee returns to the hive and the water is evaporated, thereby thickening it into honey which is then sealed in the honeycomb. The rabbis of the Talmud explain that bee honey is kosher since it is not an actual secretion of the bee, but rather the bee functions as a carrier and facilitator of the honey-making process.
All of this is interesting because honey is a staple food of the Jewish New Year's holiday of Rosh Hashanah, which begins this year on Wednesday, Sept. 28. Honey sales increase in heavily populated Jewish areas thanks to this seasonal honey custom. Among the familiar traditions of Rosh Hashanah are the dipping of apple slices in honey and eating honey cake.
The Ragans knew that that adding kosher certification to their jars of honey would make their products more popular before Rosh Hashanah. Their Windmill Hill Farm produces 30,000 pounds of honey annually from more than 500 hives. All of their products are now certified kosher through my Kosher Michigan agency. Like many beekeepers around the country, the Ragans' operation has grown from a hobby to a successful business. They began with only four hives that they discovered when they purchased the Croswell farm, but they quickly recognized how their passion could turn into profits.
"We're passionate about making honey," said Carol Ragan. "When we first discovered hives on our Croswell farm we were excited to experiment with making honey. We never realized how much we would come to enjoy it or how much of a market there is for honey products."
Even with colony collapse disorder, beekeeping is on the rise throughout the country. New York City legalized recreational beekeeping last year, and even Michelle Obama had a beehive installed outside the White House.
Many members of the Jewish faith prepare dishes and baked goods with honey in time for Rosh Hashanah. Dan Sonenberg, owner of Johnny Pomodoro's Fresh Market in Farmington Hills, Michigan, explained, "My honey sales increase ten-fold during the holiday season and we build honey displays next to our apple offerings in the store. This cross-merchandising makes it easier for our Jewish customers to purchase both during this time of year. Honey products are also featured in our kosher baked goods department where our most popular items are the apple fritter challah (Jewish egg bread) and the honey apple cake."
While the Bible describes Israel as "the land flowing with milk and honey," it was more than likely referring to date honey. Bees were not common in Israel thousands of years ago, but today Israel has about 500 beekeepers with approximately 90,000 beehives that produce more than 3,500 tons of honey annually.
The basis of using honey in baked goods and dipping apples into honey on Rosh Hashanah is to have a sweet year. While the secular New Year is kicked off with toasts of champagne, the Jewish New Year is launched with the sweet taste of honey. And maybe a little sugar high too.
Labels: Animals, Food, Holidays, Israel, Kosher, Kosher Michigan, Rosh Hashanah


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Mini-Bio:I was born and raised in the beautifully diverse city of Montreal. I love this city for its vibrant cultures, endless festivals and its fantastic food scene. Some of my favourite activities include trying out new restaurants and walking around the city's unique neighbourhoods. Venturing further north, I love to spend fall weekends hiking in the mountains and winter weekends on the ski slopes. I also love to travel and explore new cultures and places around the world! Why medicine? I always knew I wanted to work in healthcare to better serve my community, to work with a diverse patient population and to make a positive impact on patients' lives. Why McGill? For its diverse group of driven, empathetic students that all share the common passion of caring for others. The faculty provides students with the opportunities and resources needed to succeed and encourages its students to further develop the multitude of skills, both academic and social, required to become tomorrow's physicians.
Mini-Bio: Being a professional concert pianist, I was given an opportunity of immersing myself in my art, to teach, to travel and live in multiple places and to experience different cultures at a rather young age. Many experiences throughout the years including being a volunteer at a hospital in NYC culminated into confirming my desire to study the sciences behind the processes of diseases. This is how I first chose to study Biochemistry and I became passionate about research. However, medicine remained at the back of my head because I was driven by the idea of being present for patients and their families throughout difficult times. McGill has always been my first choice and so far, my experience has been quite inspiring. Our professors and mentors are amongst the leaders of the world in many different fields, my colleagues have impressive educational backgrounds and are a constant emulation because of their devotion as advocates, their passion to share their knowledge and their desire to make the world a better place. Outside of my academic life, I am still passionate about teaching, and traveling the world. I truly enjoy strolling around Montreal and sharing time with family and friends.
Mini-Bio: I was born and raised in Montreal, a multicultural city that I'm proud to call home. I've always loved getting to know people from different walks of life, and McGill's commitment to diversity—which can readily be seen by looking at its student body— played a major role in my medical school selection. Outside of the classroom, I can usually be found taking a stroll on Mount Royal, visiting one of our cities' many museums, doing freelance translation work, or spending time with friends and family. I'm also involved in a number of student clubs, which I hope you too will be able to discover!
Education History: BSc Biochemistry (University of Ottawa, 2012), BHSc Health Sciences (University of Ottawa, 2014), MSc Health Systems (University of Ottawa, in progress). Research experience in pharmaceuticals and epidemiology.
Mini-Bio: I was born in Damascus, Syria and grew up in four different countries. My family and I immigrated to Canada in 1998. I was drawn to medicine from a young age as the subject matter always appealed to me, however as I grew older my appeal had increased after working as a researcher looking into social determinants of health and their link to everyday quality of life and well-being, particularly as an immigrant myself. This helped me understand how medicine is not limited to the scope of disease but all aspects of life.
Mini-Bio: A moment that cemented my desire to pursue a career in medicine was in my CEGEP gym class when my teacher told us "you only have one heart!" to emphasize the importance of health. As a result, this inspired me to adopt a healthier lifestyle and it made me realize that I wanted to inspire others in the same way. Along with an interest in science, I hope to help others improve their health. In my spare time I like to explore different parts of Montreal (I learn new things about this beautiful city every day!). Additionally, I enjoy cooking and eating, travelling and learning about new cultures. Finally seeing how culturally diverse McGill's student body was cemented the fact that it was the university for me..
Mini-Bio: I was born and raised in Montreal, a city that I love due to its diversity and beauty during all four seasons. At the age of 14, I had brain surgery and the experience left me wanting to become a doctor. The bumps I have hit along the road have shaped me and McGill was always my top choice. When I am not in class, you can find me on my bike around the city. I love visiting the various markets, trying out new coffee shops and soaking up the sun in the city's parks. If I have a few days off, it's not uncommon to find me hiking. I enjoy working with a team, am approachable and love to laugh. Ask me anything!
Mini-Bio: I applied to McGill Medicine during my last year of law school. I enjoyed many enriching experiences in law school, including internships in Washington D.C. and Ottawa, but I was convinced that medicine was better suited to my interest in caring for individuals with a professional and compassionate approach. I chose McGill medicine because the Faculty fosters lifelong learning and growth in students, and is constantly looking to better the training of medical professionals. When I'm not drinking tea and reading my notes, I enjoy baking, reading classic novels and keeping up with recent Canadian policy and trade developments.
Education: BHSC (Honours) Health Science (Western, 2012), MSc Psychiatry (McGill, 2014). Twp years as the mental health coordinator at McGill Mental Health Service.
Mini-Bio: I love building puzzles and people are one of the most rewarding puzzles to piece together. Not only in understanding their whole story but also advocating to improve the underlying issues leading to health problems are what interested me to pursue medicine. A little bit about myself; I grew up in Toronto and came to Montreal to pursue my Master's. During my graduate studies, I worked with a team of students to create the McGill Peer Support Centre, a free, confidential, non-judgmental drop-in space where students can find support and a listening ear. The PSC is run by students for students. I enjoy playing guitar, badminton, going for walks, growing plants, doing arts and crafts, and baking a good loaf of banana bread. Studying medicine at McGill is a true honour and I am thankful for this opportunity to be learning from great teachers among incredible peers.


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Tat arstan is situated in the centre of the Russian Federation on the East-European Plain at the confluence of the two greatest rivers - the Volga and the Kama. The overall territory of the Republic is 67,836.2 sq. km. The Republic extends some 290 km north to south and 460 km west to east. Tatarstan has no borders with foreign states.
The territory of the Republic is a plain which lies in forest and forest-steppe zone with small hills on the right bank of the Volga and in the south-east of the Republic. 90 per cent of the territory is 200 m above sea level.
The major part of Tatarstan lies in the forest zone with only its south regions located in the forest-plain zone. However, today only a small part of Tatarstan is covered with forest (16.2 per cent of a total area). The Pre-Kama region is dominated by coniferous and mixed forests. Banks of the Volga, the Kama, the Vyatka and other rivers are covered with coniferous forests. Broad-leaved and birch and aspen forests prevail in the Pre-Volga and the Trans-Kama regions. As noted above, deciduous tree generally prevail in the Republic, i.e. nearly 85 per cent of a total forested area, which includes oak (27 per cent), lime (14 per cent), birch (11 per cent) and aspen (24 per cent). Among conifers, pine is the most frequent (nearly 12 per cent of a total forested area). Dry valleys and steppe areas still exist on non-cultivated hillsides in southern and south-eastern regions. Marshes prevail in the vicinity of shoals of water reservoirs and in forests.
Local fauna is represented by 430 species of vertebrates and hundreds of species of invertebrates.
The climate is moderate-continental. Droughts are occasional. Average temperature of the coldest month (January) is -13C, of the warmest (July) +19C. Annual average amount of precipitation is 460-520 mm. Vegetation period is about 170 days.
The historical citadel of the Kazan Kremlin is an archaeological monument that is unrivalled. The underlying strata, beginning at the threshold of the 10th and 11th centuries, range from 2 to 8 metres in thickness. In the oldest, northern part of the citadel, remains of stone and wooden public housing and utility buildings have been discovered, as well as everyday and religious artifacts belonging to the culture of the Golden Horde and the Kazan Khanate epochs.
Among the archaeologically exposed ancient monuments are two white-stone mausoleums of the Kazan khans, belonging to Mahmud (who ruled from 1445 until the beginning of 1460s) and Muhammad Amin (between 1487-1496 and 1502-1518). Also featured are the oldest stone wall dating from the 12th to 17th centuries and the remains of a public building from the first part of the 16th century.
This is an architectural complex with an extant 10th-century masonry fortification system, which is the only remaining evidence of the lost culture of the pre-Mongol and Golden Horde periods in Kazan. Foreign i coins and decorations of the 10th-11th centuries found in the Kremlin convincingly prove Kazan's thousand-year-old history as a military, governmental and commercial centre of the Middle Volga region.
The original structure and layout of the city remained essentially unchanged from the Bulgar period, when it embodied the Oriental features of the most north-eastern branch of early medieval Eastern architecture. In all subsequent periods this structure furnished the basis for continuous development of the city of Kazan.
The Kremlin zone forms an irregular polygon, elongated from north to south because of the site's topography. Since ancient times, the citadel has crowned the crest of an elevated terrace, which rises to a maximum of 28 metres, on the left bank of the Kazanka river. Historically, the citadel was surrounded by water on three sides: the Kazanka river, the Bulak channel and Kaban lake, and the Black, Baths and Unclean lakes.
Such a location made the Kremlin all but impregnable. Even in later years, the Kazan citadel, which was built to the highest standards of its time, kept its reputation as one of the finest in Russia.
The fortification complex of the Kazan Kremlin includes 16th to 18th century walls and towers as I well as the archaeological remains of defences dating back to the 10th and 16th centuries. The length of the external perimeter is 1,800 metres. The extant walls and other fortifications reflected the continuity of architectural traditions and were built in several stages.
According to scholars, the citadel (kerman) of the khan's epoch had at least four passage towers, the location of which remained unchanged. These are the Nur-Ali (Muraleeva or Tainitskaya) Tower, the Elbugin Gates (Voskresenskaya), Sboilivaya Gates (Dmitrovskaya) and Tyumenskaya (Preobrazhenskaya) Tower. The old towers representing elevated and fortified shooting spots with narrow loopholes were located along the perimeter of the fortress, separated by the distance of an arrow's flight.
The main Tatar fortress, which by the 15th century already occupied approximately half of the Kremlin's present day territory, was surrounded by a strong wall of an oak and pine framework filled with earth and stones, and in places, the thickness of the walls was as much as 6 to 7 metres. The modern-day territory of the Kremlin, as scholars now think, was divided in die times of the khans by the Tazik fortification trench (Tezitsky ravine). Walls with rectangular passage and defensive towers also surrounded the other half of the citadel. It is believed that in the same period, at least some of the towers were constructed of stone, perhaps with the assistance of Italian architects from the Lombard School, who at the end of the 15th century built the walls, towers and temples of the Moscow Kremlin.
From 1552 to 1556, the Pskov masons led by Postnik Yakovlev and Ivan Shiryai reconstructed the citadel's fortifications in the north and south, generally replicating the configuration and location of the former Tatar fortress, and occasionally incorporating some of its features into the new white-stone fortifications. The renewed citadel had a total of 13 towers, the names of which, starting from the south and moving clockwise, are: the Spasskaya Passage, the South-western Round, the Preobrazhenskaya Passage, the Pentahedral, the Nameless Round, the South-eastern Round, Tainitskaya, the Northern Round, the Voskresenskaya Passage, the North-eastern Round, the Dmitrovskaya Passage, the Consistory and the North-western Round.
In the 19th century, the Northern, North-eastern, Dmitrovskaya Passage, Pentahedral and North-western Towers were pulled down. The present-day Kremlin towers stand out of the walls, divided into 2 to 4 tiers with rectangular and arched shot holes. The upper tier is topped by rectangular dentils and covered by tented roofs. The towers are connected by walls, some of which are made of stone (mid-16th century), some are in brick and stone (late-16th century) and some only brick (18th-19th centuries). These are constructed of bricks in two tiers totaling 8 to 12 metres in height, topped by rectangular dentils on a 16th-17th century wall or dovetails with embrasure archlets in sections reconstructed in the 18th century. The battle passage has a timber roof.
Close to the complex of the Governor's Palace lies the complex of the Cathedral of the Annunciation. The cathedral is the largest building in the Kazan Kremlin and the oldest of the preserved stone constructions in Kazan. It was built in 1561-1562 by the Pskov architects Postnik Yakovlev and Ivan Shiryai in the north-eastern part of the Kremlin: their architectural heritage makes the Kazan Kremlin the most south-eastern point of the spread of the Pskov-Novgorod style monuments in Russia.
Originally, the temple was a five-domed, six-pillar, three-apse church with two chapels connected by a porch, which curved round the central tube-shaped space of the church. Built of white stone, the cathedral survived many fires and subsequent reconstructions. In 1694 the narrow windows of the cathedral were widened, and the interiors were decorated by frescoes. At the same time, a five-tier belfry was built on the south-western part of the cathedral porch. The domes, which earlier were helmet-shaped, were refurbished in 1736.
The inner columns of the Cathedral of the Annunciation are round, like those of the Cathedral of Dormition in the Moscow Kremlin; trumpet vaults were used instead of the usual pendentive passages to the main cupola - a device peculiar to Oriental architecture and unique in church-building of the period. The sanctuary part of the cathedral has preserved 16th-17th century interiors; the walls in the church and the refectory are painted in oils dating from the 19th century.
The complex of the Cathedral of the Annunciation along with the Bishop's House and the Consistory gradually formed the power base of the Orthodox Church in the conquered Kazan province. The Bishop's House, built in 1829 on the site of the demolished 17th century house of the bishops of Kazan, served as the urban residence of the head of the Orthodox Church of the province.
A street leads straight as an arrow from the Spasskaya Tower archway into the oldest and highest part of the Kazan Kremlin. It is here, on the ground of the former palace complex of the khans of Kazan, that the Govenor's palace has been situated since the middle of the 19th century. Today it serves as the official residence of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan.
In olden days, the Khan's courtyard dominated the Kazan skyline. Surrounded by several walls on different levels, the complex consisted of the monumental edifice of the Khan's palace with three tented cupolas and many adjacent pavilions, galleries and utility buildings. Here the Khan's Mosque with the Khan's tombs also stood. It is known that the Khan's courtyard also housed other tall stone mosques and mausoleums, stone baths and caravanserais. The Khan's Mosque, two white-stone mausoleums, the stone walls of the citadel, as well as wooden houses, towers and workshops can still be seen on the grounds of the Khan's palace as archaeological remains.
Despite all the destruction which befell the Kremlin in the wake of the fall of Kazan, separate buildings in the Khan's courtyard still existed within the citadel for a further century and a half. Some sections of this architectural complex became an organic part of the new appearance of the northern end of the Kremlin. The Governor's Palace, which until 1917 served as the official residence of the governor-general of the Kazan province, with its imperial quarters, was built in 1845-1848 from a design by the eminent architect K. A. Ton, creator of the Church of Christ the Saviour and the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow.
The Suyumbike Tower and the Palace Church, which is connected to the Governor's Palace by a walkway gallery, also form an integral part of the entire complex. Motifs of late Russian Classicism dominate the interior decorations of the palace, just as in many other Kazan buildings of the same epoch.
The Consistory closes the complex of the Cathedral of the Annunciation from the south, its south-eastern wing adjoining the Consistory Tower. The main house is located along the main street of the Kremlin in line w ith the Public Offices. The eastern wall of the court building includes remains of the 12th-13th century wall of white stone.
Kazan city is the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan. It was established in the 10th century on a high steep hill near the Volga and the Kama rivers. There have remained a lot of archeological and architectural monuments in memory of city's long history.
Up to our days there have remained the first (the 10th013th centuries), the second (he 14th-15th centuries) and the third (the 15th-16th centuries) Kazan gorodische ruins (an ancient fortress), discovered during the archeological findings. Cathedral architecture represents a combination of Muslim and orthodox traditions. There have remained a lot of last centuries' valuable monuments.
The Kremlin is the centre of the city. Eastern architectural monuments are obvious in the Taynitskaya tower and the Syuyumbeki tower and in a being built mosque Kul-Sharif. After conquering of the city by Ivan the Terrible Pskov's architectures finished the building of the Kremlin's walls and towers in the 17th century. In accordance with this, the Kremlin has gained its unique features and remarkable style.
The tower Syuyumbeki is regarded as one of the Kazan's symbols. It is still unknown when it was erected. It attracts with grandeur of shapes and size. The tower majestically stands out against the city's architecture. Its spire is 59 meters high. Moreover, the hill it is situated on is 70 meters above the river Kazanka. It is often compared to the "falling" Pisan tower. Syuyumbeki is really falling down. As the tower is five-layers its "falling down" looks very spectacular.
The built in the 1840s on the place of the Kazan Khans gubernatorial' palace is a most interesting attraction. It is built in a pseudo-Byzantine style, and the decoration combines both traditions of Russian classicism, old-Russian baroque and architecture.
There is the most ancient orthodox cathedral of the Central Volga region in Kazan. It is the cathedral of Annunciation, erected in the 16th century (the building was finished by the middle of the 19th century). Now it has the status of the main orthodox cathedral in Kazan.
Legendary, there was an eight-minarets mosque Kul-Sherif near the cathedral of Annunciation. Admittedly, it influenced the image of St.Basil cathedral in Moscow. The mosque was destroyed after Ivan the Terrible conquering of Kazan. Now there is being built a new mosque Kul-Sherif on the territory of the Kremlin.
T he oldest street in the city, the street of Bauman, has become a walking area, a large trading and business centre. Here are located the most interesting clock with the figures written in Tatar words of Arabic style.
A s.c. cathedral complex, consisting of the Pokrovsky (the Protection of the Virgin) cathedral with a bell tower (1703) and the church of Nicholas Nissky (1885), is rather interesting. The Pokrovsky cathedral is performed in baroque style. It is embellished by a bulbous cupola – a bright sample of slipwear. It was wide spread in the 13th century in Kazan, but all buildings with such decoration were destroyed. The Pokrovsky cathedral was the only flip to the memory of Kazan famous pottery.
The John the Forerunner monastery was erected in honour of Ivan the Terrible in 1564-1568. Its wooden buildings were burnt away and there were built stony constructions in 1662: a tree-tents cathedral of Kohn the Forerunner, the monastery's fence, the church of Ascension in the style of Moscow baroque and a bell tower.
A merchant Mikhlyaev made up his mind to erect the Peter and Paul cathedral in memory Peter the great staying in Kazan in 1723-1726. It is a rare and valuable baroque monument. It is decorated with magnificence ornament of herbs, branches and vine plaiting. The decoration is performed in bright colours and harmonically fulfills cathedral's gorgeous architecture. The Peter and Paul cathedral is a two-layer construction with fornications and a by-pass gallery, where lead two front stairs. It is one of the Kazan's most beautiful buildings.
The house of Mikhlyaev, where Peter I stayed, is of great historical value itself. It is one of several civil buildings in Kazan, having remained since the 12th century.
There was erected a completely unique for Kazan building of the Noble Assembly in the period of 1845-1852. It looks like an Italian palazzo. The house's aristocratic preciosity has remained up to date.
An outstanding opera artist Fyodor Shalyapin was born in Kazan. Interestingly, he performed in a choir of St. Barbara church in youth. The church has remained and represents a bright sample of pseudo-Russian style. It was built in the late 18th century and restored in 1908.
Visiting Kazan, you will get acquainted with one of the largest cities on the Volga, without which the Volga region history is impossible. History and modernity, Muslim and orthodox cultures, west and east traditions have inosculated in Kazan. Kazan provides tourists with all kinds of comfortable rest. There are organized plenty of various excursions through the city; and trips on a motor ships down the Volga won't live untouched. Kazan opens its guest horizonless Volgian spaces and ancient streets' coziness. Moreover, the entertainment infrastructure is well developed in the city, which will affect amateurs of high society rest.


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Je t'aime (Armand Van Helden song)
Pure (Lara Fabian album)
Je t'aime (a French phrase meaning "I love you") may refer to:
"Je T'Aime" (Psychic TV song), 1985 & 1989 singles attributed to pseudonyms for band Psychic TV
"Je t'aime" (Armand Van Helden song), single by Armand Van Helden released in 2008
"Je t'aime", a Lara Fabian song in Pure, which won the Most Popular Song Of the Year Félix Award of 1998
"Je t'aime", a 2010 anime short film by Mamoru Oshii
"Je t'aime... moi non plus", French duet written by Serge Gainsbourg, sung with lovers Brigitte Bardot in 1967 and Jane Birkin in 1969.
Je t'aime moi non plus (film), Gainsbourg's 1976 film based on the song, with Birkin in the female lead and Gérard Depardieu in a cameo
Paris, je t'aime, 2006 anthology film, with Depardieu as one of its 22 directors
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Je_t'aime
Je t'aime is the fourth single taken from Armand Van Helden's seventh studio album, called Ghettoblaster. It features Nicole Roux on vocals. It samples heavily the mid 80s House record 'Can You Dance' by Kenny 'Jammin' Jason and DJ Fast Eddie Smith.
"Je T'Aime" (Radio Edit) - 3:37
"Je T'Aime" (Original Mix) - 7:21
"Je T'Aime" (Digital Dog Remix) - 7:27
"Je T'Aime" (Switch Remix) - 5:24
"Je T'Aime" (SMD Remix) - 7:25
"Je T'Aime" (Cadgedbaby Remix) - 6:08
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Je_t'aime_(Armand_Van_Helden_song)
Lara Fabian's third studio album Pure, was a two million-selling album, which reached Diamond status in France, from which came the anti-homophobia anthem "La Différence." The album went platinum in less than two weeks. Lara again was bestowed with awards, being awarded a Félix Award for Popular Album Of The Year at the 1997 ADISQ gala and was also nominated for two Juno Awards of 1997 in the Best Female Singer and Best Selling French Album categories. Pure has become one of the best-selling French-language albums of all time.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Pure_(Lara_Fabian_album)
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Lion's Tale • January 19, 2021 • https://lionstale.org/8434/sports/winter-sports-update/
PVAC cancels winter sports competitions, forcing sports teams to shift focus
photo courtesy of Shani Schwartz
Freshman Shani Schwartz shoots a free throw at a basketball game.
Nini Panner, Reporter
The Potomac Valley Athletic Conference (PVAC) has officially canceled winter sports, but winter teams will continue practice through the end of February without league competitions. The winter sports offered at CESJDS include basketball, wrestling, swimming and track.
Steam rises above the pool as swimmers stand distanced along the pool edge, getting ready to jump in the outdoor pool. The temperature dips below freezing, but athletes still show up. Swimmers and other athletes have made these sacrifices because of the dedication to their team.
COVID-19 restrictions have pushed swim practices to the outdoor pool at the Jewish Community Center where freshman Reut Skromne participates in swimming. Without swim meets, practices are more of a chance to exercise and get together with friends and fellow athletes.
"I guess the challenge is just mentally being like, okay, 'I'm going to swim an hour even though it's freezing cold,'" Skromne said, "I have to get in the right mindset and then once I start swimming, then it gets a lot better."
Basketball has been harder to organize. It has been categorized by the county in the highest level for COVID-19 risk because it is inside and involves contact as well as a shared ball. Montgomery County rules permit only 10 people in a gym at once, including the coach. The basketball teams have had to separate to fit in practices at the Lower School gym.
County rules have also banned game or contact drills. This has severely limited practices to mainly skill and individual work. Director of Athletics Becky Silberman says that "this time to focus on skills… will make the players better because of it." Silberman highlighted the dedication it takes for the team to continue without any competition opportunities.
Freshman Shani Schwartz has been practicing with the JDS basketball team as well as a club team, Potomac Valley Thunder. The work she has done with the team has primarily been individual because of the restrictions.
"I think that having scrimmages is important and really helps you figure out what you need to improve on," Schwartz said. "I do think that doing drills that help us work on skill will help us improve individually and then we'll have to catch up improving as a team when we're allowed to."
Wrestling and track have continued outdoor practices and conditioning. They are able to continue workouts with social distancing and COVID-19 safety precautions in place.
Because of the closure of school fitness rooms, Silberman has encouraged students to fit exercise into their daily routines. Many students have had to practice on their own time, taking advantage of any and all opportunities for improvement.
The JDS weight room has also not been able to open fully to students. Only three students could safely exercise in the room, and it must be thoroughly cleaned after each session. The Upper School gym is filled with desks for school and is currently only used by the dance team. The tennis courts have been closed, but can be opened for JDS students.
"I keep telling people to do things at home, go for walks and utilize your neighborhood," Silberman said. "JDS doesn't have that much space right now. We'll have all of our outdoor sports again [in the spring] and it's much easier, but the winter is definitely difficult."
Although much of the news related to winter sports has been negative, it is important to focus on the continued strength of athletes and coaches as situations change constantly for the school.
"There's this constant shift of dealing with new changes," swim coach Edie Boyar said. "We're just having to constantly adapt to the times."
A persistent theme throughout winter sports has been inclusivity and comradery. JDS sports teams continue the hard work even as it gets increasingly difficult to get outside for exercise.
"[JDS athletes] are so dedicated and they show up and work hard. I don't think the pandemic is stopping them from pursuing the hard work," Boyar said. "I think it says a lot about the character of our teams that they are willing to try new things to be successful and move forward.


text:
Future of ecological research in the UK
English Policy Group
Scottish Policy Group
Welsh Policy Group
Catherine Duigan
Independent Environmental ConsultantUsing evidence to inform environmental management and policy development; Nature Conservation; Biodiversity; Protected Areas; Nature Networks; Natural History.
Catherine Duigan is an independent environmental consultant with an international research background working on freshwater habitats and paleoenvironmental studies. She has held senior positions in the Countryside Council for Wales, Natural Resources Wales and the UK Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Working with colleagues and partners, her mission has been to secure the evidence to inform environmental management and policy development across marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments. She edited and co-authored a major book on The Rivers of Wales, and her scientific publications focus on nature conservation and protected areas.
Now Catherine is using this experience and knowledge to help organisations needing technical support and environmental advice.
Catherine is an honorary Professor in Environmental Science at Aberystwyth University and a Fellow of the Freshwater Biological Association, the Linnean Society and the Royal Society of Biology. She also has an interest in natural and social heritage issues in Wales, and she is researching the biography of an early freshwater scientist at Aberystwyth University.
Next Person
Chris Fohringer (they/them)


kim watson ★ design ★ papercraft: Catching up.
I realized the other day that it has been ages since I shared any of my published pages on my blog....so prepare yourself for a Scrappy Fest over the weeks to come! They won't be in any particular order but rather as they come.
**As seen in the Organizational Special issue 2010 of Creating Keepsakes magazine. Copyright Creative Crafts Group. Posted with prior permission from the publisher.
**As seen in the Feburary issue 2010 of Creating Keepsakes magazine. Copyright Creative Crafts Group. Posted with prior permission from the publisher.
**As seen in the January issue 2010 of Creating Keepsakes magazine. Copyright Creative Crafts Group. Posted with prior permission from the publisher.
Stop by again when you are in the neighborhood!
Hi Kim!!! wow haven't seen your new blog layout till now... very cool!!! wonderful Layouts to - well done!!!
So nice to hear form you again, love your LOs...and the new blog is pretty too!
Those are all just lovely!!! The colors and vibrancy and flowerpots and creativity....love it all my friend!
Gorgeous two-pagers! I'm so impressed!!
9 am is one of my all time favourites. Glad you posted it here too.
i love the 9am layout ... the design and just the idea behind it! and also love the retro layout ... that row of stitched hearts is adorable!


text:
Meddling EU Judges Set Dangerous Precedent
A verdict by EU judges on Tuesday has potentially paved the way for people with no right to live in the UK being handed a free pass to access our welfare system.
Nimco Hassan Ibrahim is now separated from her Danish husband and lives with their four children (of Dutch nationality) on benefits. Her ex-husband was a migrant worker and was employed in the UK for less than 6 months, before living off incapacity benefit for eight months. After living at British taxpayers' expense for a while he was sent packing, but somehow Ms Ibrahim stayed.
I could scarcely believe what I was reading when I first saw this story, initially thinking there must be some justification, some reason that British taxpayers are being told to pick up the bill for this woman who, according to the European Court of Justice itself, has no right to live here. Seeing the photo in the Daily Mail of her standing proudly next to her large flat screen television will raise many an eyebrow amongst the public, many of whom can't afford such a massive TV even though they work for a living. Much less can they afford to fund more benefits claimants like Ms Ibrahim, or pay for the schooling of two of her children through our state system. Many migrants come to the UK and contribute to society by working in a variety of jobs but she has contributed nothing, so how on earth can she be eligible to take anything back? The EU's freedom of movement was supposed to be about promoting work, not benefits dependency. Well, apparently Harrow Council has to give her a house because Tuesday's verdict says "parents caring for the children of migrant workers, and resident in EU countries are covered under EU rules on freedom of movement - including those who cannot support themselves" – even though the migrant worker in question, her husband, has lost his right to live here. Although she is clearly taking advantage of the system, the blame also lies at the door of those who're making the rules.
The EU judges in Luxembourg acknowledged that she has never contributed anything to our economy, that she is a net burden on the system. Despite this admission they still passed a judgement that not only obligates us financially, but also meddles in how our own (already generous) rules are applied.
Many of you will remember the case of Toorpakai Saiedi, the Afghan mother of seven who was put up in a £12,500 a month mansion back in 2008, paid for by the taxpayer, thanks to rules which forced Ealing Council to sort out accommodation for her. Hers is one of the dozens of foreign nationals whose stories of clearly excessive state-aid subsistence we've seen in recent years, a worrying trend. Britain is already a soft touch on benefits and this most recent decision is sending out a clear signal that if people are willing to travel to our country, we'll support them once they get here no matter what the merits of their case. A shocking decision by the EU, but then we cannot expect the EU to act in the interests of British taxpayers, can we? A verdict by EU judges on Tuesday has potentially paved the way for people with no right to live in the UK being handed a free pass to access our welfare system.
Many of you will remember the case of Toorpakai Saiedi, the Afghan mother of seven who was put up in a £12,500 a month mansion back in 2008, paid for by the taxpayer, thanks to rules which forced Ealing Council to sort out accommodation for her. Hers is one of the dozens of foreign nationals whose stories of clearly excessive state-aid subsistence we've seen in recent years, a worrying trend. Britain is already a soft touch on benefits and this most recent decision is sending out a clear signal that if people are willing to travel to our country, we'll support them once they get here no matter what the merits of their case. A shocking decision by the EU, but then we cannot expect the EU to act in the interests of British taxpayers, can we?


text:
$1.5 billion deal rocks ski industry as Aspen skico, KSL Capital Partners buy Intrawest
Tom Ross
tross@SteamboatToday.com
Intrawest Resorts Holdings, Inc., has been acquired by ski resorts operator Aspen Skiing Co. LLC and private equity firm KSL Capital Partners LLC for about $1.5 billion, including debt.
"This transaction creates significant opportunity for Intrawest and delivers tremendous value to our current shareholders," said Intrawest CEO Thomas Marano in a news release. "We are excited to work with Aspen and KSL. Our new partners bring additional financial resources and a shared passion for the mountains and our mountain communities."
Under the terms of the merger agreement, Intrawest stockholders will receive $23.75 in cash for each share of Intrawest common stock. The deal is expected to close by the end of the third quarter of calendar year 2017.
Steamboat Ski & Resort Corp. President and Chief Operating Officer Rob Perlman said he anticipates the different resorts in the new company will be able to collaborate in a number of areas including events and marketing programs.
"It does creates some exciting opportunities going forward," Perlman said Monday. "I expect we'll have some exciting discussions about future opportunities pretty quickly once the deal closes.
"The two entities forming the new entity, KSL and Aspen Skiing Co., clearly understand the ski business and bring substantial resources to the new company," said Perlman.
The deal goes beyond the competitive advantages of bringing Squaw Valley, Alpine Meadows, Steamboat, Aspen and Winter Park together under the same management, including the synergies that offers in multi-resort season passes. The new group also acquired Tremblant in Quebec, Blue Mountain Ontario, near Toronto, Stratton in Vermont and West Virginia's Snowshoe, with its proximity to the Washington, D.C. market.
As Vail Resorts has continued to gobble up large ski resorts and pursue dominance with its Epic Pass, other destination resorts have felt the pressure to compete or become marginalized. The eastern ski areas maybe be counted on to be significant feeder markets for both the California and Colorado ski areas under the Intrawest/Aspen/KSL group.
Former Steamboat Ski and Resort Corp. President Chris Diamond, who consults in the industry, said it's likely the newly allied ski resorts will leverage their combined strength to take on Vail Resorts' Epic Pass.
"If you look at (the deal) in that context, Intrawest, plus the four Aspen resorts and two California resorts … and clearly you have a very attractive competitive product to what Vail offers, no question," Diamond said. "I think that Vail has a huge advantage in Western Canada."
Denver-based KSL Capital Partners is the owner of the Squaw Valley and Alpine Meadows in the Lake Tahoe region, and Aspen Skiing Co. owns and operates Snowmass, Aspen Mountain, Aspen Highlands and Buttermilk.
There is a Steamboat/Squaw connection in the persona of former Intrawest and Steamboat Ski Area marketing executive Andy Wirth, who is intimately familiar with the Steamboat Ski and Resort Corp. business model.
Wirth left Steamboat Ski Area, where he had been senior vice president of sales and marketing, in late July 2010, to step up to the CEO role at Squaw. Technically, he had come to Steamboat in 2009, after two years as Intrawest's chief marketing officer and executive VP of sales and marketing for the parent company, in Vancouver, British Columbia.
KSL's corporate literature indicates it has a capacity to "unilaterally invest several hundreds of millions of equity in a single transaction."
"While our typical targeted minimum equity requirement for the fund is $25 million, because of the nature of our portfolio companies, related entities and our desire to grow these businesses, no transaction is too small to execute. We have the ability to unilaterally commit up to $400 million of equity in any one transaction," the company reports.
According to KSL, the "firm's capital is generally funded by a combination of public state and corporate pension funds, private and university endowments, high net worth individuals, fund of funds and other financial institutions."
A sampling of KSL's portfolio of non-ski area properties includes: The Belfry conference and golf destination in England, Outrigger Hotels and Resorts with 6,500 rooms in Hawaii and the South Pacific, and East West Partners, with $3 billion of residential and commercial real estate, including Colorado ski country.
People: Kristina Miranda takes accountant role at Clausen & Company
Kristina Miranda, who was hired recently as a staff accountant at Clausen & Company, is currently enrolled at the University of Nevada, Reno and is earning a Bachelor of Science in business administration.
People: Steven A. Caloiaro Elected as member attorney at Dickinson Wright
People: Dierra Luckett hired as sales officer with City National Bank
People: John R. Funk named shareholder of Gunderson Law Firm


The Camp Cocktail traveling camper bar features bartenders and custom drink recipes in their full-service, mobile bar that can travel anywhere for a wedding, party, business function or promotional event.
Outer Banks Media (OBX Media), a North Carolina-based digital marketing agency specializing in website design, search engine optimization (SEO), internet marketing and online advertising, announced the launch of their most recent client website, Camp Cocktail. Camp Cocktail is a one-of-a-kind, traveling caravan bar located in Kill Devil Hills, NC.
Camp Cocktail was born when owner, Sam Harriss, completely remodeled a 1969 Shasta travel trailer and turned it into a full-service traveling bar for weddings, parties, business functions, promotional events and more. "Camp Cocktail needed a strong brand image and online presence to promote the new business and create brand awareness," said C.K. Evans, owner of Outer Banks Media. "This unique, transformed Shasta needed a blog to post stories from the road, share event photos and easily manage communications," said Evans. "We agreed that crisp and captivating images in a modern, mobile optimized website design would attract visitors and keep them on the site," he added.
The camper was designed with a floor plan to accommodate three full-sized kegs, a draught tower, two under-mount sinks for champagne and beer display, and a large roll-around ice sink.
"With Camp Cocktail being the focal point of our events, OBX Media suggested we make the camper the focus of our website design," said Sam Harriss, owner of Camp Cocktail. "I love the clean lines and easy navigation," she added. With most users searching their mobile devices more than ever, OBX Media used a Wordpress platform to create a theme and mobile-responsive design to accommodate the content for their page. In addition to a gallery of photos of the camper in action, the site also includes a blog, a contact form to manage inquiries and book events, and social media integrations including like and sharing buttons and custom Instagram galleries. For more information about Camp Cocktail or to book an event, please visit their website http://campcocktailevents.com or call 252-339-7189.
Camp Cocktail is a member of the Outer Banks Wedding Association and focuses on Outer Banks weddings, but the mobile bar is able to travel anywhere in the United States for weddings, events, business functions and parties. Camp Cocktail arrives onsite well stocked and staffed.


text:
TalktoMcAlisters.Top
Home FAQs Old Navy.barclaysus (10 FAQs)
on January 10, 2023 January 10, 2023 FAQs
Old Navy.barclaysus (10 FAQs)
There's no need to be nervous about shopping at Old Navy anymore! We've compiled a list of the top 10 FAQs about Old Navy's partnership with Barclays US.
What is Old Navy
Old Navy is a clothing and accessories retailer owned by American multinational corporation Gap Inc. The company has over 1,000 stores worldwide and is known for its trendy and affordable clothing.
Old Navy was founded in 1994 with the goal of providing stylish, yet affordable clothing for everyone. The company has since become a household name, thanks to its trendy designs and affordable prices. Old Navy is also known for its excellent customer service and strong commitment to social responsibility.
Today, Old Navy is one of the most popular clothing retailers in the world. Thanks to its trendy designs, affordable prices, and excellent customer service, Old Navy has something for everyone.
What is the history of Old Navy
Old Navy is an American clothing and accessories retailer owned by Gap Inc. It was founded in 1994 and has since grown to become one of the largest clothing retailers in the United States. Old Navy offers a wide range of affordable, stylish clothing for men, women and children. It is known for its trendy, yet classic styles and its friendly, laid-back atmosphere. Old Navy has something for everyone, making it a great place to shop for the whole family.
How did Old Navy become successful
Old Navy is an American clothing and accessories retailer owned by American multinational corporation Gap Inc. It was founded in 1994 with its first store in San Francisco and has since expanded to over 1,000 locations worldwide. The company's success is largely due to its focus on affordable, trendy fashion for the whole family – something that was previously lacking in the market. In addition, Old Navy's marketing campaigns are often witty and humorous, which has helped them to stand out from the competition.
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Who are some of Old Navy's target customers
Old Navy is a popular clothing retailer that offers affordable, trendy clothing for men, women, and children. Some of Old Navy's target customers are young adults, families, and budget-minded shoppers. Old Navy appeals to a wide range of customers with its accessible prices and trendy styles.
What types of products does Old Navy sell
Old Navy is a clothing and accessories retailer owned by American multinational corporation Gap Inc. It has corporate operations in the Mission Bay neighborhood of San Francisco.
The company sells a wide range of clothing for men, women, children, and babies, as well as shoes, jewelry, and other accessories. Its product offerings include jeans, T-shirts, dresses, outerwear, pajamas, and swimwear. Old Navy also has a plus-size line called "Old Navy Plus" and a maternity line called "Old Navy Maternity."
Where are Old Navy stores located
Old Navy stores are located across the United States, as well as in Canada and Puerto Rico. There are over 1,000 Old Navy stores in operation, making it one of the largest clothing retailers in the country. Old Navy stores can be found in most major malls and shopping centers, as well as stand-alone locations.
How many Old Navy stores are there
Old Navy is a popular clothing store that many people love. But how many Old Navy stores are there? The answer may surprise you!
Old Navy has over 1,000 stores in the United States alone. That means that there is an Old Navy store in almost every state! And that's not even counting the Old Navy stores in other countries.
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So next time you're looking for a new shirt or pair of pants, remember that there's probably an Old Navy store nearby. And with so many locations, you're sure to find the perfect outfit no matter where you are!
What is the future of Old Navy
There is no doubt that Old Navy is one of the most popular stores in the United States. However, there is some uncertainty about the future of the store. The company has been facing some financial difficulties in recent years and has been forced to close some stores. There is also competition from other stores such as H&M and Forever 21. However, Old Navy still has a loyal customer base and there is potential for the company to turnaround. Only time will tell what the future holds for Old Navy.
Which other retailers compete with Old Navy
There's no denying that Old Navy is one of the most popular retailers out there. But that doesn't mean they don't have some stiff competition. Here are some other retailers that give Old Navy a run for their money:
The Gap: The Gap is another retail giant that offers trendy and affordable clothing options for the whole family.
Target: Target is a favorite among many shoppers for their low prices and wide selection. They also offer a variety of designer collaborations that keep their clothes fresh and fashion-forward.
Forever 21: Forever 21 is a go-to for many young shoppers looking for the latest trends at an affordable price. They're also known for their huge selection, which can be both a good and bad thing.
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H&M: H&M is another popular fast fashion retailer with a loyal following. They're known for their trendy pieces and great prices.
Zara: Zara is a high-end fast fashion retailer that offers runway-inspired pieces at more reasonable prices than most designer brands.
Why do people shop at Old Navy
There are a few reasons people might shop at Old Navy. The first reason is that Old Navy is typically pretty affordable. They have sales often and their clothes are not too expensive to begin with. Another reason people might shop at Old Navy is because they have a good selection of clothes for the whole family. They have clothes for women, men, girls, boys, and babies. They also have a plus size section for women. Lastly, people might shop at Old Navy because they have a good return policy. If you don't like something or it doesn't fit, you can return it without any hassle.
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text:
I lay me down beneath the palm; the cup
My hands still vainly keep;
And deadly faintness wraps my senses up,
Like sudden sleep.
The desert was not in my dreams, nor heat,
Nor weariness, nor thirst;
But sparkling from the rocks before my feet,
The fountain burst.
I laughed to see the joyous streams all round
Run purling through the plain;
And rustled in my ears the plashy sound
Of falling rain.
I woke. The cup was brimming in my hand,
The drops of Heaven still fell;
And by my side, ran over in the sand
The bubbling well.
Savannah, October, 1843.
The building which we secured for our performances was a large empty house, in its arrangements very like the hotels of the Spanish noblesse. A large stable occupied the lower portion of it: this part was dedicated to the audience. A way was broken above into the house, where our stage was formed, not very extensive, as may be imagined, but still sufficiently large to answer the purpose. Behind the scenes it was almost impossible to pass, in consequence of the room being very limited in its dimensions. I had, like all young actors who have the means of procuring it, a splendid wardrobe. In the play of Pizarro my Rolla's dress was superb, and quite worthy the court of the Incas. My royal master, Ataliba, was contented with a simple shirt, and a little drapery formed of glazed calico. My ambition prompted me to lose no time in producing that gaudy and attractive play. The Welch looked upon me with primitive wonder. I died like a hero, amidst deafening shouts of applause, and the ill-concealed tears and sobs of many a Welch beauty. Those tears however were quickly changed, first to gentle titterings, and finally to obstreperous bursts of laughter. The company of actors was limited, and the principals were compelled to do the work of supernumeraries. Our gallant army was in nubibus, and I presume that the representative of Rolla was never treated with so much respect before. It was of course essential to remove my body previous to interment, and thus commenced the funeral procession : Alonzo and Ataliba had each a leg, Cora and the blind man, who by the way had played four or five parts, had an arm. In the first place, one leg
was put up; down went that; and then they tried the other; one arm touched the floor, one leg was flying in the air, while strong expressions were hovering about my lips, longing to have vent, for I was full of indignation at my beautiful tragedy.acting being destroyed by their awkardness. At length they succeeded in getting half my body off at one of the wings, and there I stuck fast, for there was literally no room to carry me farther; but fortunately the delicate, tender Cora recollected that at the next entrance there was a fair chance of putting an end to my torture and the amusement of the audience. I was instantly removed, and every obstacle was vanquished. A fire-place was in that position, and they literally crammed me, finery and all, half-up the chimney! The curtain was obliged to be lowered immediately, to relieve me from my agonizing situation; and I came down amidst the convulsive laughter of the whole company, and afterward to my own great amusement, the picture of one of the celebrated Mrs. Montague's protegées on the first of May. The retrospect is infinitely more agreeable than was the fact itself; although I very soon got over my chagrin. For a few days, in my walks, I produced nearly as much amusement as my friend Liston in his palmy days; and many a black and blue eye was turned upon me with something more than a simper, as I reminded the gazer of the absurd situation in which I had been placed. My performance of the Stranger was considered very touching, but I am afraid it is a play that does not much improve the morals of any place, as there are many fair ones who may be tempted to commit the sin for the sake of the reconciliation.
EXCURSION TO CHEPSTOW AND TINTERN ABBEY.
To return to Bristol. I started on a pedestrian excursion with a friend, highly educated and accomplished, for the purpose of visiting Berkeley Castle, with all its historical recollections, Chepstow Castle, the prison of some of the regicides of CHARLES the Martyr, and that most magnificent of ruins, Tintern Abbey. Of Berkeley Castle, where I had the honor afterward of being a guest, I will speak hereafter. Chepstow is a ruin, of great beauty, and its position is most romantic. One of the towers is built on the edge of a rock, overhanging the lovely river of the Wye: the ivy clinging to and combining with both, conveys the idea that one is coeval with the other. The gate was nearly perfect, and a deep dry moat was on the land side : there were rooms in sufficient preservation to be let during the summer months; and oh ! how I longed to be one of its occupants, and to be enabled to wander at night through its baronial halls and tenantless apartments; to hear the whispers of the autumnal breeze, and to watch the fitful changes of the moon, throwing her silvery light upon the waters; to hear the moanings of Martin and of his brother regicides, whose prison was in the keep, as if in deep repentence of their guilt ; for surely the errors and even the crimes of Charles were greatly obliterated by his gallant bearing from the moment he became a prisoner, and through the brutal treatment he experienced from his fanatical persecutors.
After having been delighted, not sated, with the interest attached to this castle, we bent our steps back to the town, of which we took a survey ; a town which has by no means excited the great interest it is worthy to produce in the mind of a lover of the picturesque. For ages the truly ancient British chieftains of Chepstow preserved that region from the iron tyranny of the Northerns. Patriotic were their motives, glorious their deeds: to their bravery it was owing that the people of the ancient city of Caerleon to the west, and of many other opulent towns, dwelt in peace, security and independence. The walls of Chepstow extend full a mile and a half below the present town. They are of solid masonry, very thick, and at least from twelve to sixteen feet in height; proving that in the olden time the city must have been consid. erably larger and of great importance. The tide at Chepstow has been known to rise some sixty feet, and is only equalled in height by that of the Bay of Fundy, North-America.
We now started for Tintern Abbey, a distance of not more than five miles. The day was gloomy, with an occasional shower, but not suffi. cient to damp our ardor. On our arrival we took up our quarters at a little public house, where we found simple fare, with that extreme cleanliness and homely comfort so often to be met with by the road-side in England; but we were obliged to check our enthusiasm with respect to the object of our visit, for the landlord, who was the guardian of the Abbey, was not expected home till late in the evening; and, by way of preventing any encroachments upon his domain during his absence, he had taken the keys with him. We sat down however with very respectable appetites to an excellent chicken, together with eggs and bacon and some home-brewed ale, and did as much justice to our repast as the abbots of old (who were now sleeping in their cold monuments in our immediate vicinity) did to more sumptuous fare. Toward evening the weather assumed a more dreary character, and heavy gusts of wind broke upon our ears, conveying an indistinct but pleasurable feeling of solemnity, while it recalled all the deep and powerful interest of the past. At length, between nine and ten, our host returned, and we prevailed upon him, though not without considerable difficulty, and the gentle insinuation of an additional fee, to conduct us into the interior of the sacred edifice. The door of the great entrance was opened, and the lamp of our conductor sent forth a dim unearthly light that at every step seemed to lead us like a will-o'-the-wisp to some point of danger. It was a place and an hour when Superstition walked in all her terrors; and it required no exaggerated feeling to imagine that this was the place where
Descending spirits have conversed with man,
And told the secrets of the world unknown.'
The moaning blasts through the trees every moment checked our footsteps, with an undefined sensation of fear; the broken monuments impeded our path, and it was only by the uncertain and precarious light of the half-clouded moon, that we could occasionally trace the outline of this superb abbey ; its massive broken arches, with here and there one entirely perfect, which had defied the hand of time somewhat
longer than those in its vicinity. In a momentary struggle, the moon would shake off the dark and mountainous clouds that fitfully enve. loped her; and burst forth in all her glorious majesty, and for a few minutes literally bewilder the mind with the superb magnificence of days gone by. Here the imposing ceremonies of the Roman Church had weaned the mind from the cares and anxieties of the world; had brought the haughty feudal lord to humble prayer by the side of his humble vassal; and had sent up the song of praise, in adoration of the Deity. The eastern window has so often excited the admiration of the painter, by its rich and varied tracery, that I should only weaken the force of its beauty by an attempt at its description here. If my me. mory however be not faithless, it is universally considered as one of the most gorgeous specimens of Gothic taste. The following morning we again visited this holy ground; and notwithstanding the glaring light of the sun which now shone forth in all its brilliancy, very little it any of its interest had diminished. The surrounding cells, and the minor details of the building, were more freely exposed to our view. The Abbey at the period of our visit belonged to the late Duke of Beaufort. The extreme care and watchfulness bestowed upon it, proved how sensible his Grace was of the value of this relic, and that he considered it as a bright jewel in his ducal coronet. The well known taste and elegance of mind which so fully belong to his noble successor have doubtless secured for it the same care and attention.
How pleasing is the contrast so frequently afforded between the con. duct of these lords of the domain and that of corporate bodies who have become the possessors of some of the most valuable remains in the country, of relics where history loves to dwell; where ancient lore unfolds its pages, and with graceful step leads us to martial hall and to lady's bower! But modern • Improvement,' with its accursed hand, willingly destroys what ought to be imperishable. Look at the daring and vulgar efforts which have so frequently been made to remove the ancient gates of York, and thus to deprive that Roman city of at least one of its most hallowed recollections. But, thank heaven! such barbarism has not yet entirely struck at the foundation of all that has hitherto been held most sacred; nor has the day yet arrived, on which the son can look back with cold and chilling indifference upon the noble deeds of his progenitors. But hold! I hear the prompter's bell give warning that I must exchange the reality for the fiction of life, and dress for a new part.
THEATRICAL ESPRIT DE-CORPS: AN UNEXPECTED HONOR: BOWERBY.
A most absurd circumstance occurred to me on my return to Bristol from this excursion. It was in the month of September, at which time the annual fair is held. This fair is a great mart for the sale of horses, woollens, and other sweet-meats,' as my friend Caleb Quotem says. I accompanied Mr. Brunton, the father of Mrs. Yates of the Adelphi Theatre, 10 one of the celebrated shows exhibited there. And here I must offer an apology to the gentleman presiding over one of those in. VOL IV.


text:
Coda est un système de fichiers réseau, au même titre que NFS, basé sur AFS2, et qui incorpore des fonctions dédiées à l'informatique mobile.

Liens externes

  Site officiel

Système de fichiers réseau

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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$.Redactor.opts.langs['pt_br'] = {
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	link_edit: 'Editar Link',
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	columns: 'Colunas',
	add_head: 'Adicionar Cabeçalho',
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	title: 'Título',
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	image_web_link: 'URL de Imagem',
	text: 'Texto',
	mailto: 'Email',
	web: 'URL',
	video_html_code: 'Código de Incorporação de Vídeo',
	file: 'Inserir Arquivo...',
	upload: 'Upload',
	download: 'Download',
	choose: 'Escolha',
	or_choose: 'Ou escolha',
	drop_file_here: 'Solte o arquivo aqui',
	align_left:	'Alinhar à esquerda',
	align_center: 'Centrar',
	align_right: 'Alinhar à direita',
	align_justify: 'Justificar',
	horizontalrule: 'Inserir Linha Horizontal',
	deleted: 'Apagado',
	anchor: 'Âncora',
	link_new_tab: 'Abrir link em uma nova aba',
	underline: 'Sublinhado',
	alignment: 'Alinhamento',
	filename: 'Nome (opcional)',
	edit: 'Editar',
	center: 'Centro',
	upload_label: 'Drop file here or '
};
})( jQuery );

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


All projects of NFTDC rely extensively on engineering design of components and systems. These three macro domains are further broken down into multitude of sub domains which form the cumulative core competence of NFTDC. Each of these domains is mapped as equipments & laboratories and knowledge competence in individuals and together they are brought together in project teams to address the output. The following give the approaches which have evolved in NFTDC over a period of time.
Product design and development can be characterized by and understood in terms of (i) systems approach wherein the final output is the starting point and 'output based planning of inputs' in contrast to 'input constrained output' becomes the basis; (ii) multiple knowledge inputs and interdisciplinary cross linking, in other words knowledge integration; (iii) creative (visualization) processes on the one hand and physical, engineering, information and biological processes on the other; and (iv) it follows the evolutionary paradigm (differentiation-selection-multiplication). In this presentation, an attempt is made to show that knowledge creation and knowledge integration paradigm and the evolution paradigm form the basis for product creation endeavours involving complexity and variety.
A Product is defined not as a physical entity. It is better defined as a designed output created by a series of processes (by natural evolution or human intervention) to meet functional performance(s) in the required service conditions over a life span and be capable of reused/recycled/reclaimed after its life span. The product can be ideas, abstracts and constructs which are the results of creative and visualization processes, simulation and virtual models, proof of concepts, prototypes and working models.
Physical sciences & engineering Sciences over the last few decades have progressed to encompass a comprehensive knowledge base of structures at various levels (atomic to nano to micro to macro), processing methods and the set of achievable properties. These inter relationships were well understood that the mapping across these three domains and reversibility became possible. This in turn allowed "design" of material(s) and products in hierarchical structures, which can be rendered by engineered processes (sequenced and optimized) to give the performance over its life span in the required service conditions. Materials by design became a realistic goal thanks to the understanding of patterns of structure (pattern recognition) and their relationship to performance and their rendering as synthesized patterns (processing). The design of a material product which was considered in macroscopic terms of mechanical design graduated to micro structural design and is now progressing also into nano structural design. The top down approach which is engineering design base and the bottoms up approach of physical sciences are now better understood and the product design starts in the former as an adaptive walk by carefully dovetailing advances that come from bottoms up approach. Energy Device developments such as solar cells, batteries and fuel cells are the best examples. The knowledge data base in various disciplines of engineering can be considered as a large set of micro knowledge domains. An example of a micro domain would be the physical basis of stiffness/modulus and the relationship between bonding (stiffness of various bonds) at the atomic level to micro structural features to stiffness as understood in a cantilever beam. Similarly, process methods and process parameters to optimize the size and shape of porosity and the interconnecting matrix or ribs to obtain a range of structures from foams to full density materials and mapping of various relationships to a host of properties can be another micro domain. Design processes starting with visualization, to computer aided design, analysis, rapid prototyping and large number of manufacturing methods forms a large set of micro knowledge domains. System design and engineering is considered in many ways such as in sub systems and interfaces, as a network of mass, energy and information flows, pattern synthesis and so on. Product at systems level needs control. For example an electric vehicle whose propulsion system is based on a motor + controller + energy device combination as a system and electronic control units (ECUs) form the vital part of the overall system architecture. Likewise thousands of micro knowledge domains can be elucidated.
The design of the product now can be broken up into "desirable or required" attributes and each of these attributes can again be mapped on to one or a combination of knowledge micro domains which form the scientific know-whys and know-hows. Reintegration of these micro domains on a solution path (determined by the fitness function which includes attributes plus a host of economic and market related factors) gives the successful design and its rendering methods. It is noted here that both know-why (scientific basis) and know-how (methods and processes for rendering) are considered as knowledge domains. Thus the product creation process can be surmised as "differentiation" followed by "integration" of knowledge domains. This perspective also neatly dovetails with the systems approach wherein the "output" is taken the ultimate goal and it is broken up into multitude of domains and the inputs are required in each of the domains and its sub and micro domains are understood/created/developed/outsourced and reintegrated to obtain the final output. Further insight into this process would reveal that as we differentiate more and more (multitude of micro domains), our design space increases and the possible solutions also increase. The solution is chosen by the fitness function which is equivalent to selection in the evolutionary biological systems. Key to innovation lies to enumerating this design space and figuring out the combination of relationships that best capture the required attributes which we call here as knowledge integration exercise. The origin and cause of complexity with variety lies in this largeness and expansive characteristic of the design space.
Rather than considering the design of a product from an engineering angle, let us take get into the shoes of an industrial designer. An industrial designer plays the role equivalent to that of an architect who envisions (visualizes) and enables integration of forms, structures, materials, aesthetics, ergonomics and all attributes with functions. From the perspective of an industrial designer, a design is nothing but an optimized set of relationships between the attributes. A successful design is one that has captured all the required attributes. Functional performance, service conditions, life span, 3R (reuse, reclaim and recycle) are treated as required attributes. But the industrial designers go many steps further to include many other attributes such as aesthetics (style, texture, visual appeal, emotional and psychological responses), ergonomics, relationship between the user and the product, market forces, perceptions etc. These added attributes bring about multitude of variants around the basic attributes. Thus there is a design space that gets enumerated by attributes and as the attributes increase, the combinations increase exponentially. Though the design possibilities in this space are large, four extremes nodes are easily enumerated and one can conceive a design space bounded by these extremes. A design can be minimalist. In other words, it satisfies bare minimal requirements and many of higher level functional requirements are not met. Subtraction of this minimal set would result in a null set. The next level node is functional design wherein all the functional requirements are met which is basically an engineering design. Third level is the aesthetics node, wherein, the style, visual and emotional appeal are given significant or sometimes higher weight than the functional aspects. Lastly, it is the esoteric or hedonistic design wherein the design is not for functional purpose but more a projection of personality of the user. While the design space is large, we find that most of the designs will fall between minimal to functional with extension to aesthetic domains.
Industrial design has taught us tools and techniques to abstract the attributes and enumeration of design space. Exploration of design space gave innovative solutions to achieve the attributes. This has to be taken further to encompass a design process that lends itself for manufacture (process know –how). Design for manufacture (DFM) takes the process methods and process knowledge domains into consideration in the design process itself. Innovation is also possible in process methods (hybrid processes are an example) but the process innovations are fewer and far between. Materials science and engineering in that aspect has embedded the process know – how as an integral part of the knowledge relationships. Process methods, regimes and process equipments, their capacities and capabilities give the added dimensions in the design space. It is finally the processes that give the know-how for manufacturing and manufacturing has to be in multiple scales (atomic to micro to macro) and it has to synthesize the hierarchical structures of the designed output.
While the functional requirement in the service condition over the designed service life was paramount for decades, the 3R requirements (reuse, recycle, reclaim) and the impact of a product on the environment have become important attributes in the fitness function. Design for disassembly, safe disposal, standardization of materials, minimization of variety becomes higher weighted attributes in the fitness function. The design processes will now be dictated by these fitness functions of the habitat more and more and the next generation solutions will come more from materials that meet the 3Rs. The process know-how that renders these designs should meet the requirements of energy conservation and minimal environmental impact for sustainability.
Evolution has taught us the paradigm of differentiation (design space), selection (fitness function for sustainability and the best adaptation to the habitat) and multiplication (amplification or bulk manufacture). Complexity and variety, self learning and self organization have been the hallmark of this paradigm. Design of materials and materials products which are now understood in terms of materials, mechanical, electronics & controls, information and biological sciences domains can be considered as multitude of knowledge micro domains of know-whys and know-hows in the design space and the solutions that satisfy the fitness function emerge from these domains. The explosion of technology and the products of technology reflect the complexity and variety in the materials product world akin to the biological world of species. This gives us the necessary pointers for our future endeavours in the materials and design and control of systems.


RPMs for the Portable Unified Model are now available from the BADC.
We are pleased to inform you that we have now solved the technical problem preventing access to some of the BADC datasets - all the BADC datasets are now available for download.
There is a problem curently affecting a storage disk.
This unfortunately means that some of our datasets are currently not available for download.
The service will be restored as soon as possible.
We are sorry for the inconvenience this may cause in the mean time.


text:
Q: Laravel 5.1 eloquent relations I was implementing a quiz system using Laravel 5.1
I was facing some problems with inserting and updation of data in questions table
MySQL Schema
Subjects  (Table 1)
________________
Subject_ID (Primary Key) auto_increment,
Subject_Name

Questions (Table 2)
________________
Question_ID (Primary Key) auto_increment,
Question,
Options_1,
Options_2,
Options_3,
Options_4,
Answer,
Subject_Id (Foreign Key refers to Primary Key of Subjects Table [Table 1])

While inserting question in the questions table, I was unable to get the Subject_Id from Subjects table
I was implementing the following query using Laravel
insert into questions values("", "Question", "Option 1", "Option 2", "Option 3", "Option 4", "Answer", "select subject_id from subjects where subject_name = $subject_name");

$subject_name is the variable that fetches the subject name from the user interface

A: You can create this two tables with migrations files.
First write command in command line
php artisan make:migration Subjects

So create migration file and for second table
php artisan make:migration Questions

After that go in your app directory/database/migrations and there you will found this 2 migration files.
In first file "Subjects" in method up() you need to have this code
Schema::create('Subjects', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('Subject_ID');
        $table->string('Subject_Name',255);
        $table->timestamps();
    });

In second file "Questions" in method up() you need to have this code
Schema::create('Questions', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->increments('Question_ID');
        $table->string('Question',255);
        $table->string('Options_1',255);
        $table->string('Options_2',255);
        $table->string('Options_3',255);
        $table->string('Options_4',255);
        $table->string('Answer',255);
        $table->integer('Subject_Id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('Subject_Id')->references('Subject_ID')->on('Subjects');
        $table->timestamps();
    });

After all files is on the server go again to command line and write
php artisan migrate

I hope that i help you. Write comment if i am not understand you and if this is not that you want to do.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


To help you get the most out of your new phone, we've found the most common problems that users have faced with the the Sony Xperia Z3, and provide some possible solutions on how to fix them.... Sony continues to separately publish some of its core apps away from its stock ROMs. This time round it has pushed the "Xperia Keyboard" into the Google Play Store.
Sony Xperia XA1 Ultra Official Android Oreo 8.0 update. Moto series has especially been designed and equipped with features keeping in mind the needs of every Smartphone user in India. Sony Xperia XA1 Ultra is one of the pioneer products of Sony is fulfilling the need of one and all without making a hole on pockets of buyers. how to send file directly to d drive That's how emojis are now available on your Sony Xperia P. Where are emojis on your Sony Xperia P coming from? The first emoji was designed in 1998 or 1999 by Shigetaka Kurita, who was part of the team working on NTT DoCoMo's i-mode mobile internet platform.
That's how emojis are now available on your Sony Xperia P. Where are emojis on your Sony Xperia P coming from? The first emoji was designed in 1998 or 1999 by Shigetaka Kurita, who was part of the team working on NTT DoCoMo's i-mode mobile internet platform.
Home » Sony » How to put emojis on Sony Xperia Z2. All the news on Sony Xperia Z2 in our articles. How to put emojis on Sony Xperia Z2. Putting emojis on your phone is something desirable as soon as you want to put expressive figures into your messages.
22/03/2017 · In this Article: Transferring Data to a New iPhone Transferring Data to an Existing iPhone Community Q&A 6 References. This wikiHow teaches you how to transfer photos, messages, contacts, and more from a Sony Xperia to a new or existing iPhone.


Certainly, the 2018 market is predicted to be a buyer's market. That's according to one commentator. The CEO for Investorist, Jon Ellis, Real Estate Talk to discuss.
Listen to podcast and read the full transcript here.
This article was first published by Real Estate Talk on January 26, 2018.


66How Hamlet, being in Denmark, was assailed by Wiglerus his uncle, and after betrayed by his last wife, called Hermetrude, and was slain; after whose death she married his enemy, Wiglerus.
67Hamlet having obtained the victory against the King of England, and slain him, laden with great treasures and accompanied with his two wives, set forward to sail into Denmark, but by the way he had intelligence that Wiglere, his uncle, and son to Roderick, having taken the royal treasure from his sister Geruth (mother to Hamlet), had also seized upon the kingdom, saying that neither Horvendile nor any of his held it but by permission, and that it was in him to whom the property belonged to give the charge thereof to whom he would. But Hamlet, not desirous to have any quarrel with the son of him from whom his predecessors had received their greatness and advancement, gave such and so rich presents to Wiglere that he, being contented, withdrew himself out of the country and territories of Geruth's son. But within certain time after, Wiglere, desirous to keep all the country in subjection, enticed by the conquest of Scanie and Sialandie, and also that Hermetrude (the wife of Hamlet, whom he loved more then himself) had secret intelligence with him, and had promised him marriage, so that he would take her out of the hands of him that held her, sent to defy Hamlet, and proclaimed open war against him. Hamlet, like a good and wise prince, loving especially the welfare of his subjects, sought by all means to avoid that war; but again refusing it he perceived a great spot and blemish in his honor, and, accepting the same, he knew it would be the end of his days. By the desire of preserving his life on the one side and his honor on the other side pricking him forward, but, at the last, remembering that never any danger whatsoever had once shaken his virtues and constancy, chose rather the necessity of his ruin than to lose the immortal fame that valiant and honorable men obtained in the wars. And there is as much difference between a life without honor and an honorable death, as glory and renown is more excellent than dishonor and evil report.
68But the thing that spoiled this virtuous prince was the over-great trust and confidence he had in his wife Hermetrude, and the vehement love he bare unto her, not once repenting the wrong in that case done to his lawful spouse, and for the which (peradventure that misfortune had never happened unto him, and it would never have been thought that she, whom he loved above all things, would have so villainously betrayed him), he not once remembring his first wife's speeches, who prophesied unto him that the pleasures he seemed to take in his other wife would in the end be the cause of his overthrow, as they had ravished him of the best part of his senses, and quenched in him the great prudence that made him admirable in all the countries in the ocean seas, and through all Germany. Now, the greatest grief that this king (besotted on his wife) had was the separation of her whom he adored, and, assuring himself of his overthrow, was desirous either that she might bear him company at his death or else to find her a husband that should love her (he being dead) as well as ever he did. But the disloyal Queen had already provided herself of a marriage to put her husband out of trouble and care for that, who, perceiving him to be sad for her sake, when she should have absented herself from him, she, to blind him the more and to encourage him to set forward to his own destruction, promised to follow him whithersoever he went, and to take the like fortune that befell to him, were it good or evil, and that so she would give him cause to know how much she surpassed the English woman in her affection towards him, saying, that woman is accursed that feareth to follow and accompany her husband to the death. So that, to hear her speak, men would have said that she had been the wife of Mithridates, or Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra, she made so great a show of love and constancy. But by the effect it was after easily perceived how vain the promise of this unconstant and wavering princess was; and how uncomparable the life of this Scottish queen was to the vigor of her chastity, being a maid before she was married. For that Hamlet had no sooner entered into the field but she found means to see Wiglere, and the battle begun, wherein the miserable Danish Prince was slain; but Hermetrude presently yielded herself, with all her dead husband's treasure, into the hand of the tyrant, who, more than content with that metamorphosis so much desired, gave order that presently the marriage, bought with the blood and treason of the son of Horvendile, should be celebrated.
69Thus you see that there is no promise or determination of a woman, but that a very small discommodity of fortune mollifieth and altereth the same, and which time doeth not pervert; so that the misfortunes subject to a constant man shake and overthrow the natural slippery loyalty of the variable steps of women, wholly without and any faithful assurance of love or true unfeigned constancy. For as a woman is ready to promise, so is she heavy and slow to perform and effect that which she hath promised, as she that is without end or limit in her desires, flattering herself in the diversity of her wanton delights and taking pleasure in diversity and change of new things, which as soon she doth forget and grow weary of. And, to conclude, such she is in all her actions, she is rash, covetous, and unthankful, whatsoever good or service can be done unto her. But now I perceive I err in my discourse, vomiting such things unworthy of this sects; but the vices of Hermetrude have made me say more than I meant to speak, as also the author, from whence I take this history, hath almost made me hold this course, I find so great a sweetness and liveliness in this kind of argument, and the rather because it seemeth so much the truer, considering the miserable success of poor King Hamlet.
70Such was the end of Hamlet, son to Horvendile, Prince of Jutie; to whom, if his fortune had been equal with his inward and natural gifts, I know not which of the ancient Grecians and Romans had been able to have compared with him for virtue and excellency, but hard fortune following him in all his actions, and yet he, vanquishing the malice of his time with the vigor of constancy, hath left us a notable example of haughty ( courage, worthy of a great prince, arming himself with hope in things that were wholly without any color or show thereof, and in all his honorable actions made himself worthy of perpetual memory, if one only spot had not blemished and darkened a good part of his praises. For that the greatest victory that a man can obtain is to make himself victorious and lord over his own affections, and that restraineth the unbridled desires of his concupiscence; for if a man be never so princely, valiant, and wise, if the desires and enticements of his flesh prevail and have the upper hand, he will embase his credit, and, gazing after strange beauties, become a fool, and, as it were, incensed, dote on the presence of women. This fault was in the great Hercules, Sampson; and the wisest man that ever lived upon the earth, following this train, therein impaired his wit; and the most noble, wise, valiant, and discreet personages of our time, following the same course, have left us many notable examples of their worthy and notable virtues.
71But I beseech you that shall read this history not to resemble the spider, that feedeth of the corruption that she findith in the flowers and fruits that are in the gardens, whereas the bee gathereth her honey out of the best and fairest flower she can find. For a man that is well brought up should read the lives of whoremongers, drunkards, incestuous, violent, and bloody persons, not to follow their steps and so to defile himself with such uncleanness, but to shun palliardise, abstain the superfluities and drunkenness in banquets, and follow the modesty, courtesy, and continency that recommendeth Hamlet in this discourse, who, while other made good cheer, continued sober; and where all men sought as much as they could to gather together riches and treasure, he, simply accounting riches nothing comparable to honor, sought to gather a multitude of virtues, that might make him equal to those that by them were esteemed as gods; having not as then received the light of the Gospel, that men might see among the barbarians, and them that were far from the knowledge of one only God, that nature was provoked to follow that which is good, and those forward to embrace virtue, for that there was never any nation, how rude or barbarous soever, that took not some pleasure to do that which seemed good, thereby to win praise and commendations, which we have said to be the reward of virtue and good life. I delight to speak of these strange histories, and of people that were unchristened, that the virtue of the rude people may give more splendor to our nation, who, seeing them so complete, wise, prudent, and well advised in their actions, might strive not only to follow (imitation being a small matter), but to surmount them, as our religion surpasseth their superstition, and our age more purged, subtle, and gallant, than the season wherein they lived and made their virtues known.


text:
let express = require('express');
let router = express.Router();

const Genre = require('../models/GenreSchema')
const Meme = require('../models/MemeSchema')

/* GET addMeme listing. */
router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {

  Genre.find({}).then((foundGenres)=>{
    let tags = []

    for(let genre of foundGenres){
      tags.push(genre.genreName)
    }
    res.render('addMeme', {tags})
  })
}).post('/', (req, res, next)=>{
    let file = req.files.meme
    let memeObj = req.body
    let filePath = `./${file.name}`
    memeObj.memePath = filePath

    file.mv(filePath, (err)=>{
      if(err){
        console.log(err)
      }
    })

    Meme.create(memeObj).then((newMeme)=>{
      //let targetGenre = memeObj.genreSelect
      res.render('addMeme', {status:true})
      // Genre.findOne({genreName:targetGenre}).then((foundGenre)=>{
      //   foundGenre.memeList.push(targetGenre._id)
      //   foundGenre.save().then(()=>{
      //     res.render('addMeme', {status:true})
      //   })
      // })
    })
})

module.exports = router;