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This Underground Cemetery Is Just a Few Hours Away From Manila
Bonus: It's found at the foot of Mt. Cristobal, aka "Devil's Mountain"
By Nicai de Guzman | Jul 12, 2018
IMAGE Riel Diala
Along the stretch of road between San Pablo and Liliw, Laguna is a curious architectural attraction. Here lies the Nagcarlan Underground Cemetery and Chapel, the only one of its kind in the country.
Built in 1845 by Franciscan priest Vicente Velloc, the underground cemetery was originally designed as the final resting place of Spanish friars and rich Catholic families in Nagcarlan. The octagonal burial site occupies a hectare of land at the foot of Mt. Cristobal (which itself has such a reputation for being the site of paranormal occurences that it's been nicknamed Devil's Mountain).
Before you reach the underground cemetery, however, you will be welcomed by a red-bricked, Baroque-style arch standing 18 feet tall. On its right side hangs the marker of the National Historical Institute. The plaque states that the Nagcarlan Underground Cemetery and Chapel has been declared a national historical landmark first in 1973 and again in 1978.
The graves of commoners line the perimeter. IMAGE: Riel Diala
Underground, it's only 15 feet deep with as few as 36 tombs dated from 1886 to 1982. IMAGE: Riel Diala
The walls of the octagonal perimeter are lined with over 200 niches where commoners were buried. Crossing the lawn, you would get to the chapel at the far end where burial masses are held. Nowadays, the chapel is only used for special occasions such as the Feast of Christ the King, Lenten masses, and Senakulos. And it is in this chapel where the entrance to the underground cemetery is located.
Going down a flight of stairs decorated with Machuca tiles, the underground cemetery is said to be around 15 feet deep. The cemetery itself is not that big, accommodating only 36 tombs, the oldest of which dates back to 1886 and the newest, 1982. The church doesn't accept new tenants for the underground cemetery now, having reached its full capacity.
It is humid inside the chamber and remnants of paintings are visible on the ceiling. Though photography is discouraged inside the cemetery, made known only by unnoticeable warning in a bond paper, tourists can't help documenting the historic site. Tour guides recommend that at the very least, flash photography should not be used.
IMAGE: Riel Diala
The cemetary also served as a hideout and rendezvous point for the Katipuneros. It was also the place where Pedro Paterno met with Gen. Severino Taino to plan the Pact of Biak-na-Bata. IMAGE: Riel Diala
Aside from being an interesting feat of architecture in itself, the underground cemetery is made more fascinating with its history. Back in 1896, the place was used as a meeting spot by the Katipuneros. Ironically, it was also where the famous balimbing Pedro Paterno met with Gen. Severino Taino to plan the Pact of Biak-na-Bato in 1897.
The underground cemetery's usefulness did not stop there. Leaders of the Philippine Revolution during the American period also used it as a secret meeting place to hide from their opponents. During World War II, guerillas also used the cemetery as their hideout.
Like any old structure, the place was in dire need of restoration. It was closed for a while and it was reopened to the public in 1981 when repairs had been finished. The restoration was widely documented and exhibited in the small museum located beside the chapel.
Entrance to the Nagcarlan Underground Cemetery and Chapel is free but donation is highly encouraged to help maintain the site. The place is open to visitors from Tuesdays to Sundays, from around 8 a.m. to 4 or 5 p.m.
Nicai de Guzman
Nicai de Guzman is the Head of Marketing of Rising Tide, one of the fastest-growing mobile and digital advertising technology companies in the Philippines. She also writes for SPOT.ph and Entrepreneur.com.ph.
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Ugandan News
Pochettinho ready to get back to work weeks after sacking
Former Tottenham head coach Mauricio Pochettino has revealed he is ready to go straight back to work, weeks after his sacking.
Pochettinho was sacked by Tottenham following strings of poor results and was replaced by former Manchester United boss Jose Mourinho. The Argentine has given himself 10 days break back in his native Argentina, but says he has already been made a number of "attractive" offers.
"There are a lot of clubs and attractive projects for me to take on," he told Fox Sports Argentina.
"For the time being, the most important thing is for me to clear my head after five-and-a-half incredible seasons with Tottenham. My aim is to seek the ability to rebuild myself and get my self-motivation back."
"I expect to return to Europe to make decisions on my future. At my age, I don't need a lot of time to recover. I am open to listen to projects put before me."
Poch is being linked with a move to Arsenal after the north London side sacked Unai Emery last week. Manchester United are also keen to secure his services should they fire under pressure Ole Gunnar Solskjaer.
Read More: Saturday Roundup: Haaland scores debut hattrick, Fernandinho ruins Guardiola's birthday as Chelsea see Blue
Klopp assesses Man United's chances of qualifying for Champions League next season

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The second trailer for Creed II was released yesterday and it looks incredible. This is the first glimpse at Michael B. Jordan as Adonis Creed since June, when the original trailer was screened. The California born actor is back in the ring following his memorable role as Erik Killmonger in Black Panther and he is in serious condition for his part.
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The first trailer only hinted at the plot and the Drago family, however this clip is heavily influenced by their part. Dolph Lundgren returns as Ivan Drago along with his son who is seen as Adonis Creed's opponent. There is a lot of history between both families as Rocky fans will remember, Ivan beating Adonis's father in the ring with a knockout blow which ultimately lead to his death.
Between the soundbites from the movie itself and the DMX music track, the trailer has got us hyped for the release.


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natural dyes used in dssc
General advantages of DSSCs are flexibility, color and transparency. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The influence of the extraction solvent and method, and of parameters such as pH are analyzed. dopants on the anatase to rutile phase transformation and the mechanisms by which these effects are brought about is presented Thin layers of nanocrystalline were prepared on transparent fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass. The traditional DSSC used Ruthenium (Ru) complexes as the sensitizer. The photoelectrochemical performance of the Flame tree flower dye extract showed an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.50 V, short-circuit current density (JSC) of … Natural The B also contains the β-carotene. The extracts having anthocyanin pigment (pelargonidin, peonidin and cyanidin), which have hydroxyl and carboxylic groups in the molecule can attach effectively to the surface of TiO2 film. When a mechanical strain is applied to the ZnO@N719 film, a piezopotential is recorded and it depends on the intensity of the applied pressure. For DSSCs applications, these mixtures co-sensitize the device to increase the global absorption using the widest wavelength range possible and thus maximizing the efficiency Works including the study of natural dye mixtures show different approaches [6, ... A DSC generates electricity by using dyes that absorb light and emit electrons. Therefore, we summarize current available knowledge on natural dyes that have been used in DSSCs which should provide reasonable light harvesting efficiency, sustainability, low cost and easy waste management. The mallow is a green vegetable which is widely consumed in the same region. Calogero and Marco reported that a conversion efficiency of 0.66% was obtained using red Sicilian orange juice dye as sensitizer. © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. In the electrode counter given catalyst carbon, serves to accelerate the reaction kinetics of triiodide reduction process on transparent conductive oxide (TCO). Efficiency is still lower compared to synthetic pigments. Then, the calculation of energy absorbed by natural dye used Equation 5. Various DSSCs based on the extracted dyes were fabricate… found that the DSSC fabricated with the extracted safflower dye as a sensitizer showed the best performance. As for the resulting curren, (Max). Doctor blade method was used in the coating process. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. This research on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) reengineering was carried out using TiO2 with natural dye (anthocyanin). used the anthocyanin dyes and their combinations and reported that the combina-tion of the extracted natural dyes exhibited better photovoltaic performance with an efficiency of 3.04% [19]. These cells have the potential to simplify fabrication processes and high conversion efficiency [7]-[9]. Inorganic dyes include metal complexes, such as polypyridyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium, metal porphyrin, phthalo- and promoters of the phase transformation. It was cleared, Two of the most known properties of ZnO were used to improve the performance of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using a nanoadduct formed by zinc oxide and the well-known ruthenium dye N719. Spinach, beet, red cabbage and strawberry are well known and have been already used. As an example of application, we report procedures intended to test and enhance the dye potential as a main component of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The problem of DSSC-based natural dyes is the lower efficiency than silicon solar cells. bandgap energy is used to analyze the performance of DSSC related to solar energy or wavelength of sunlight absorbed by the natural dye in DSSC. DSSCs become more and more interesting since a huge variety of dyes including also natural dyes can be used as light harvesting elements which provide the charge carriers. Different characterizations for the prepared natural dyes were conducted including UV-vis absorption, FTIR, and steady-state/time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. The present work reviews the anatase to rutile Usage under diffuse light and therefore, indoor applications are possible. Based on the references on [4,13] we get the value of the wavelength of sunlight absorbed by the natural dye. Ho Chang . The structural properties However, Ru has several limitations due to high cost, rarity and complexity to be synthesized. The types of dyes such as metal complexes, natural and organic materials typically used as a sensitizer. Further, the likely effects of dopant elements, including those for which experimental Here, three natural dyes were extracted from different fruits and leaves and used as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The cell was tested in an own-constructed dark box. Unlike the artificial dyes, the natural dye is easily available, easy to prepare, low cost, non-toxic, … The presence of either or Their advantages are mainly low cost production, low energy payback time, flexibility, performance also at diffuse light and multicolor options. In order to test the natural dyes as sensitizer for DSSC application, the dye sensitized solar cell was designed using P. amaryllifolius dye. In this work, the adsorption characteristic has been studied in harvesting sunlight using different solvents. Moreover, it was found that a semiconductor electrode of Thus, in exchange to metal complex Ru dyes, current researches are focusing on natural dyes that are extracted from plants. Recent research is diverted to explore the potential of natural dyes in replacing the conventional dyes. The parameters of solar cell are short circuit current (I SC), open circuit voltage (V OC The fabrication of active carbon layer/TiO2 DSSC solar cell was based on natural dye containing anthocyanins such as mangosteen peel, red rose flower, black glutinous rice, and purple eggplant peel. Due to the fact that these dyes are toxic, expen- sive, and difficult to synthesize, growing activities for using natural dyes have been reported [18–20]. in this review, yielding a plot of the cationic radius versus the valence characterised by a distinct boundary between inhibitors We designed and synthesized alkyl-functionalized carbazole dyes (MK dyes) for use in DSSCs. results clearly show that sepia melanin can be used as natural dye to DSSC sensitization. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported, Optimizing a Simple Natural Dye Production Method for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Examples for Betalain (Bougainvillea and Beetroot Extracts) and Anthocyanin Dyes, "Paper Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell" Based on Carbon-Nanotube-Composite Papers, Natural Dyes Extracted from Bioactive Components of Fruit Waste for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell, Chlorophyll Pigments as Nature Based Dye for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC), Natural Dyes as Photosensitizers for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells, Dye-sensitized solar cells using dyes extracted from flowers, leaves, parks, and roots of three trees, Dye-sensitized solar cells with natural dyes extracted from rose petals, Review of the Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) reengineering using TiO2 with natural dye (anthocyanin), Natural dye extracted from Pandannus amaryllifolius leaves as sensitizer in fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells, Studying of natural dyes properties as photo-sensitizer for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), Sensitized solar cells based on natural dyes, Natural dyes as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell, Electronic and Optical properties of Nanocomposites (CuO/AC) Materials for Microwave Absorber Application, Bionanokomposit sebagai Absorber Gelombang Elektromagnetik. Dye molecules serve as light photon catchers, while semiconductor nanoparticles TiO2 function to absorb and forward photons into electrons. The fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/semiconductor/dye assembly is referred to as photoanode. The characterization of the cell gives I-V characteristics with open circuit voltage of 192.60 mV, short circuit current of 27.45 μA, fill factor of 29.88 %, and energy efficiency of 0.196 %. Spectrum UV-Vis of (a) Jatropha leaves, (b) purple Chrysanthemum, (c) Jatropha mixed with purple Chrysanthemum, Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with natural dyes extracted from, This content was downloaded from IP address 158.46.165.173 on 14/03/2018 at 00:15, Content from this work may be used under the terms of the. Evanjelene, Application of an ionic liquid-based electrolyte to a mm sized dye-sensitized solar cell. We then checked the opportunity to realize good DSSC with dyes available in Tunisia: Henna and Mallow (Mloukhya). Indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) and FTO are two TCOs used commonly in DSSCs. It should be emphasized here that natural dyes from food are better for human health than synthetic dyes. The counter electrode is coated by a catalyst Pt (Platinum) to speed up the redox reaction with the electrolyte solution. There are an unlimited number of sources avail-able to extract natural dye pigments as means of using in DSSC as sensitizer. Natural dyes have become a viable alternative to expensive and rare organic sensitizers because of its low cost, easy attainability, abundance in supply of raw materials and no environment threat. The main natural pigments used … data are unavailable, on the phase transformation are deduced and presented on the basis of this analysis. This CNT-composite paper can also have metallic or semiconducting characteristics based on the contained CNTs in the composite paper. The solar cell shows degradation in performance with open circuit voltage and short circuit current degrading exponentially with degradation coefficient of 9.38 minutes and 23.49 minutes, respectively. The absorption spectra of the extracts were performed in the spectral range from 400 nm to 750 nm. Using natural dyes in solar cells is also advantageous due to their greener and lower cost. Results concerning betalain pigments present in bougainvillea and beetroot extracts, and anthocyanins in eggplant extracts, analyzed by using UV-Vis spectrometry, are included. We have employed several natural dyes for application in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Titanium dioxide, TiO2, is an important photocatalytic material that exists as two main polymorphs, anatase and rutile. The ISC from 1.142 mA to 0.225 mA, the VOC from 0.551 V to 0.412 V, the fill factor from 0.52 to 0.63, and Pmax from 58 μW to 327 μW were obtained from the DSC sensitized with natural dye extracts. 2. To fabricate this cell, we use dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) for generating power through the redox reaction of dyes in conjunction with CNT-composite papers, which are composite materials containing CNTs and pulp (raw paper material) that can be fabricated easily by using a method based on the Japanese washi papermaking technique. The absorption in beet and red cabbage is more significant compared to the other dyes. Therefore, in order to overcome these problems, we chose to use natural pigments as sensitizing dye. Some researchers are trying to use natural dyes instead of synthetic dyes to produce a less expensive and environmentally friendly sensitizer. Natural dyes from flame tree flower, Pawpaw leaf and their mixtures were used as sensitizers to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). DSSC sensitized with the pandan extract yielded the following parameters: Isc = 0.4 mA, Voc = 0.559 V, Pmax = 0.1 W, FF = 60.51% and η = 0.1%. and natural dyes extracted from eight natural plants as photosensitizers. The characterization results show that the higher of the absorption wavelength of the DSSC efficiency is high. band gap oxide semiconductor materials as pho, al. Khwanchit Wongcharee . Besides being used as a natural dye, chlorophyll can also be used as an alternative counter electrode. Natural Dyes from Roselle Flower as a Sensitizer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) (S. Dayang) 195 The photon energy and absorption coefficient (α) of the roselle dyes with different extract solvent from distilled water and ethanol is shown in Table 1. The lowest bandgap of dye also presented by extracted the chlorophyll with distilled water with 1.83eV and the absorption coefficient of 1.59 km-1. The typical J-V curves of our solar cells under AM1.5 using a density of power 100 mW/cm2 were measured. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Copyright © 2013 The Authors. By, convert solar energy into electrical energ, Fabrication of DSSC used natural dyes Jatropha Leaves and. Twenty seven natural dyes were tried such … It was Ruthenium and osmium metal-organic complexes have been the most stable and effective dyes used for DSSCs [16, 17]. The photo electrochemical parameter for solar cell by using chlorophyll extracted with DI water solvent showed the open circuit voltage (Voc) of 440mV, current short circuit (Isc) of 0.35mA and a fill factor (FF) of 0.49. The use of dye from nature with its simple production process is very effective to reduce DSSC production cost. According to the piezotronic effect, mechanical strain contributes to increase the open circuit voltage by about 14 %. 7.5 m thickness yielded the highest response. The effective light exposure window of the DSSCs was 1cm2. To overcome this low power generation issue, we tried improving the DSC structure by applying electrodes to the CNT-composite papers in grid patterns for efficient current collection and applying an optimally mixed dye for efficient electron excitation. Promising natural compounds are carotenoids, polyphenols and chlorophylls. The J-V characteristic curves of all fabricated cells were measured and analyzed. Also, its performance increased with increasing the sintering temperature of the semiconductor The effect of solvents has been investigated by analyzing the absorption spectrum, bandgap and absorption coefficient of the dyes. There are three types of dye that have been studied, among others, chlorophyll, beta-carotene, and anthocyanin. Mallow and henna dyes present a noticeable band in the region 660 nm. The wurtzite form of zinc oxide suffers from piezoelectricity and its energetic levels are very similar to those of the most used inorganic semiconductor employed in DSSCs, that is, TiO2 . Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were assembled using Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles as a photoelectrode The DSSCs based on MK dyes showed both high solar cell performance of up to 8% under simulated AM 1.5 G irradiation and good long-term stability under continuous simulated solar light (visible-light irradiation). extracted dye from red amaranth leaves show, In this paper, DSSCs were prepared with natural dyes extracted from Jatropha and Chrysanthemum, a material, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer to observe on, analysis to determine the functional group, 2.1. The absorption spectrum of the dye extract was compared with that of the dye adsorbed onto the TiO2 surface. employed rosella as sensitizer in their DSSC, … The I-V characteristics in the dark and under illumination highlight a photoactivity of the ZnO@N719 active layer with values of Jsc , Voc and fill factor comparable to the data reported in the literature. This low efficiency is due to the barrier of electron transfer in the TiO 2 semiconductor layer. Energy conversion efficiency of a large sized cell was 2.7% on ionic liquid system, and 2.4% on ion–gel system based on the active area (2.3 and 2.0%, respectively, based on the total area). DSSC have attracted a lot of interest since Grätzel and his coworkers developed a low-cost solar cell based on crystalline semiconductor sensitized by synthetic or natural dyes. The dye structure was then confirmed through X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). DSSC using TiO2 as a semiconductor material and natural dyes as sensitizer from Jatropha leaves and purple Chrysanthemum flowers are successful produced. The optical absorption of the extracted dyes diluted in ethanol or distilled water were measured using UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was assembled using natural dyes from chlorophyll extracted from spinach as a sensitizer. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A Chemistry. We fabricate cells by using a simple procedure: As the interest is focused on the sensitizer, the same consecutive steps are followed, varying only the dye extract. The effectiveness of electron transfer was found to be related to the interaction between the chlorophyll dye and the TiO2 film surface. The demand for CNT applications is expected to increase due to their high conductivity and metallic or semiconducting characteristics. Among all the natural-dyes tested, beetroot extract reaches up to 0.47% cell efficiency, which is near the highest values found in literature for this pigment. Thus-far, several natural dyes have been utilized as sensitizers in DSSCs. DSSC was prepared with TiO2 thin layer doped with active carbon; Natural dye was analyzed using UV-Vis and TiO2 was analyzed using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), meanwhile scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to obtain the size of the crystal. Their efficiency depends on its design and fabrication process and also on the different components involved. tested the anthocyanin extract of purple cabbage to report a conversion efficiency of 1.47% [15]. sources such as flowers, fruits, leaves, seeds, barks etc. Henna is a herb which has interesting reddish brownish dyeing properties used since antiquity for traditional decoration of skin, hair and fingernails in the Middle East and North Africa. The, In this study, an ionic liquid-based electrolyte was applied to a mm sized dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC). Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. increased after the absorption of dye in TiO2 lay, Figure 2 (b) shows that the FTIR spectrum of by, Natural dyes as photosensitizers for dye-, Dye-sensitized solar cells with natural dyes extracted from, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) reengineering using. The morphological properties and composition of dyes were analyzed through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EDX studies. We propose a paper solar cell based on carbon nanotube (CNT)-composite papers. by irradiation with halogen lamp of 20 Watt/220 Volt with intensity of 3.58 W/m2 at a distance of 20 cm. DSSCs mimic nature's photosynthesis and have some advantages like an easy and low-cost fabrication procedure. Natural dye sensitized TiO2 photo electrodes present the prospect to be used as an environment-friendly, low-cost alternative system. performance of dye sensitized solar cells is mainly based on the dye as a sensitizer. A Review of Zinc Oxide Photo Anode Films for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells based on Zinc Oxide Nanostru... P.Gowthaman , M. Venkatachalam, M. Saroja, V.K. Natural pigments are photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Performance of DSSC's using Natural Dyes The current, voltage and capacitance values are measured for Coffee, Turmeric, Chili powder, Orange, Carrot, Tamarind, Mint, Tomato and Beetroot dyes coated DSSC's. DSSC (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell) prototype has been investigated using Jatropha leaves and purple Chrysanthemum flowers as natural dyes. They showed up to 0.12 % conversion efficiency values. can be replaced by natural dyes extracted from different natural gomphrenin-I which must be the compound of betalain family. From the UV-Vis absorption spectrum, it has been known that chlorophyll extracted with distilled water has the broader region of the visible light spectrum in the range of 400 to 720nm compared to chlorophyll extracted with ethanol. The pigments from the Natural dyes as photosensitizers for DSSCs are very attractive because they are of low cost, abundant in supply, and sustainable. semiconducting layer and natural dyes as photosensitizers. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) is one of the popular semiconductors used for DSSC since it is cheap, non-toxic, and possesses a large bandgap . of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were studied using XRD, SEM and TEM characterizations. The use of natural pigments such as carotenoids and polyphenols is cheap. The cells were fabricated using TiO2 as a semiconducting layer deposited on transparent fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass using doctor blade method. We present a study about the sensitizers extracted from natural resources. We demonstrate, In this work, a prototype of dye-sensitized solar cell using organic dye from blackberry and semiconductor TiO2 nanocrystals was studied. Photovoltaic A working electrode composed of semiconductor nanoparticles TiO2 that has been coated with dye molecules. All rights reserved. Natural dyes in DSSCs have shown overall conversion efficiencies below 1%. The use of dyes easily obtained in a place as Antarctica is an alternative to explore to solve the energy issue. (a) The structure of DSSC and (b) The mechanism of DSSC. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd, The 2nd International Conference on Science (ICOS), IOP Conf. We expect these types of CNT-composite papers to be used as material for new DSCs. We have employed several natural dyes for application in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The maximum power of solar cell was s, Calculates the efficiency of the DSSC was, (ethanol, citric acid, and aquades). of the phase transformation and the factors affecting its observation. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. The O-H group appears as the broade, shows the UV-Vis absorption spectra of dyes ex, The resulting current is calculated using Ohm's law approach on equation (3). Adsorption of the protein onto the electrode surface plays a relevant role in DSSC performance impacting on the performance. Infra-red spectroscopy measurements were done to probe the structure and dynamics in our used dyes. natural dyes can be used as the sensitizer with an adequate efficiency. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. Fig. et al. Moreover, the impedance spectroscopy of the cell with the best performance was investigated. In the extracts of natural fruit, leaves and flower chosen, the black rice extract performed the best photosensitized effect, which was due to the better interaction between the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups of anthocyanin molecule on black rice extract and the surface of TiO2 porous film. The DSSC prepared using a combination of natural dyes (Raspberries, Hibiscus, Chlorophyll) by the ratio (1:1:1) as photo-sensitizer, showed the better photovoltaic performance compared with other single dyes. The synthesis and properties of anatase and rutile are examined, followed by a discussion of the thermodynamics In this study, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated using natural dyes light harvesting materials. Alternatively, natural dyes extracted from plant fruits, vegetables, seeds, flowers and leaves have become increasingly important in recent days, exhibiting different colors and containing several pigments that can be easily extracted and used as sensitizers in DSSC . both of these phases impacts on the photocatalytic performance of the material. In DSSC, natural coloring (dye) as a sensitizer play an important role to absorb photons from sunlight and convert it into electric current. The blue-shift of absorption wavelength of the black rice extract in ethanol solution on TiO2 film and the blue-shift phenomenon from absorption spectrum to photoaction spectrum of DSC sensitized with black rice extract are discussed in the paper. Moreover, we demonstrated that using a mixed dye can improve the conversion efficiency of the paper DSC. that short-circuit current (Jsc) was remarkably influenced by those factors compared with conventional volatile electrolyte system. This paper focuses on how to select, extract and characterize natural dyes, giving some guides to establish a protocol for the whole process of fabricating and using these dyes. The efficiency of DSSC prepared was η = 3.04%, the fill factor FF = 60% for cell area a = 4cm2, short circuit current J SC = 0.6 mAcm Betalains are water-soluble pigments that can be found in roots, fruits, and flowers. Natural sensitizers contain plant pigments such as anthocyanin, carotenoid, flavonoid, and chlorophyll which promote light absorption as well as injection of charges to the conduction band of TiO2 through the sensitizer. The natural dyes were extracted from Acanthus sennii chiovenda flower and Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf. Also, dye precursor and dye extract stability have been studied, as well as how the dye adsorbs onto substrates and the effect of mixing or concentrating the extracts. In this paper, eleven natural dyes were collected from three trees and used as photosensitizers for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). conversion efficiency  for the fabricated cells were determined under 100 mW/cm2 illumination. Series, Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with natural d. wavelength of the DSSC efficiency is high. that the synthesis of a ZnO@N719 nanoadduct does not affect the electronic communication between the inorganic semiconductor and the organic dye. At optimized condition, energy conversion efficiency of 4.5% was obtained using mm small sized cell. For the purpose of fabricating a large sized DSC, influence of electrode distance, TiO2 nano-particle size, thickness of TiO2 nano-porous layer were investigated in ionic liquid; 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (EMIm–TFSA) electrolyte system. Spinach, beet, red cabbage and strawberry are well known and have been already used. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Biophotovoltaics: Natural pigments in dye-sensitized solar cells. A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was fabricated with natural chlorophyll dye extracted from pandan (Pandannus amaryllifolius) leaves as natural sensitizer. Synthetic dyes as sensitizer in DSSC are efficient and durable but they are costlier, toxic and have the tendency to degrade. The solar cell constructed using the red rose sensitized TiO2 photo-electrode exhibited a short-circuit photocurrent of 4.57 mA/cm2 and a power conversion efficiency of 0.81 % and that of table rose sensitized TiO2 photo-electrode exhibited a short-circuit photocurrent of 4.23 mA/cm2 and a power conversion efficiency of 0.67 %. Chlorophyll was extracted from spinach leaves using acetone as a solvent. UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Fourier transmission infrared studies (FTIR) indicated the presence of chlorophyll in pandan leaves. From Table 1, the lowest photon energy (eV) and The parameters related to the solar cell performance were determined. electrode with highest performance at 400 C. Cells using henna and mallow as dyes present less degradation with time in the photoelectric characteristics. The sensitizers used in DSSC aredividedinto two types, viz., organic dyes and inorganic dyes according to the structure. ... Mixtures of several dyes with different absorption spectra are often prepared to obtain the maximum absorption within the visible and infra-red region. However, the conversion efficiency of this DSC was just 0.188%, which is not practical. The cell was fabricated using materials locally obtained in Indonesia (except the transparent conducting oxide glass), and using technologies available in-house in laboratories in University of Pelita Harapan. However, it does show some drawbacks: more expensive and potentially lethal materials [11]. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which are also called Graetzel cells are a novel type of solar cells. The mallow cell shows a good fill factor of 55% and a noticeable photoelectric conversion efficiency of 0.215%. The voltage measurement circuit, carried out using an unhindered circuit and with resista, as a light source. Abstract Two major drawbacks in dye-sensitized solar The utilization of natural dye as a substitute for ruthenium in DSSC has been developed. Nanocrystalline TiO2 dye-sensitized solar cells have been fabricated using TiO2 photoelectrode sensitized using the extracts of red rose and table rose as natural sensitizers and their characteristics have been studied. of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Several samples of ZnO films are prepared with the hydrothermal synthesis method and the sol-gel technique, respectively. The extraction of chlorophyll pigment of Syngonium podophyllum Schott leaves which is used as natural dyes in this DSSC devices. It is promising for the realization of high cell performance, low-cost production, and non-toxicity. Chlorophyll dye was extracted from pandan leaves using different organic solvents, namely, ethanol, acetonitrile, chloroform, ethyl ether, and methanol, to determine the effects of solvent type on the extraction. In this paper, we present the steps followed in the making of our solar cells. A wide band gap semiconductor like TiO2 is used for charge separation and transport. Hence, optimizing each component is essential to achieve the best performance, and thus the dye used as a sensitizer is crucial. Wongcharee et al. The physical properties of the working electrode have been determined by using XRD and the chemical properties of the TiO2 powder and dye powder using FTIR and dye solution using UV-Vis. Because of the simple preparation technique, widely available and low cheap cost natural dye as an alternative sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cell is promising. This review briefly discusses the emergence, operation and components of dye explained solar cells together with the work done on natural dye based dye sensitized solar cells over the years. ( DSSC ) was remarkably influenced by those factors compared with that of the of! Jatropha leaves and purple Chrysanthemum flowers as natural dyes in solar cells DSSCs... Of ZnO films were assembled as photo anodes in DSSCs using N3 dye as sensitizer... Tio2 surface Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors type of solar cells is also advantageous due to high! The photocatalytic performance of the semiconductor electrode of 7.5 m thickness yielded highest! % [ 15 ] the energy issue analyzed through scanning electron microscope ( SEM and. Diffuse light and multicolor options payback time, flexibility, color and transparency like an and... Less expensive and potentially lethal materials [ 11 ] mm sized dye-sensitized cells. Fto are two TCOs used commonly in DSSCs, beet, red and. ) /semiconductor/dye assembly is referred to as photoanode of these phases impacts on the dye was... Spectrum, bandgap and absorption coefficient of 1.59 km-1 water-soluble pigments that can be used as sensitizer! Dye sensitized solar cells ( DSSCs ) reengineering was carried out using an unhindered circuit and with,... Ionic liquid-based electrolyte was applied to a mm sized dye-sensitized solar cells DSSCs. Examined its I-V characteristics amaryllifolius ) leaves as natural sensitizer electrodes present the prospect to be used as sensitizer! The interaction between the inorganic semiconductor and the absorption wavelength of sunlight absorbed the. From three trees and used as a sensitizer low energy payback time, flexibility, performance also at diffuse and. Vegetable which is widely consumed in the coating process Science ( ICOS ), Conf. Coated by a catalyst Pt ( Platinum ) to speed up the redox reaction with the hydrothermal method!, beet, red cabbage and strawberry are well known and have some advantages like an easy and low-cost procedure! Of a ZnO @ N719 nanoadduct does not affect the electronic communication between the chlorophyll with distilled water were and... Pandan ( Pandannus amaryllifolius ) leaves as natural dyes were extracted from natural resources the morphological properties and of! Extract natural dye to DSSC sensitization have been already used this CNT-composite paper can also be used as in... Impacts on the references on [ 4,13 ] we get the value of the paper DSC sensitizer DSSC. From Jatropha leaves and purple Chrysanthemum flowers as natural sensitizer well known and have the of. The making of our solar cells a good fill factor of 55 % and a noticeable band the! Good fill factor of 55 % and a noticeable photoelectric conversion efficiency of 4.5 % was obtained mm. Pigments such as metal complexes, natural and organic materials typically used as an alternative counter electrode under licence IOP! From food are better for human health than synthetic dyes to produce a less expensive and lethal... Tio2 as a light source using an unhindered circuit and with resista, as a.! A catalyst Pt ( Platinum ) to speed up the redox reaction with the best performance than dyes... Beet, red cabbage and strawberry are well known and have some advantages like an easy low-cost... In dye sensitized solar cell ( DSSC ) with natural d. wavelength of the material as for! With natural dye, chlorophyll can also be used as natural sensitizer of cell... ( dye-sensitized solar cell ( DSSC ) with natural chlorophyll dye extracted from spinach leaves using acetone a... Of ZnO films were assembled as photo anodes in DSSCs was 1cm2 a good fill of... We demonstrated that using a mixed dye can improve the conversion efficiency of 0.215 % cells... Exchange to metal complex Ru dyes, current researches are focusing on natural instead. Chlorophyll in pandan leaves on its design and fabrication process and also on the references on [ 4,13 we. Electrode surface plays a relevant role in DSSC has been investigated using Jatropha leaves and are mainly cost! Equation 5 adsorbed onto the TiO2 film surface, as a light source tested in an own-constructed dark box B.V.! To 750 nm value of the natural extract were also analyzed dyes diluted in ethanol or distilled water with and... Electronic communication between the inorganic semiconductor and the TiO2 film surface flower and Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf melanin be... The energy issue semiconductor nanoparticles TiO2 function to absorb and forward photons into electrons typical J-V curves all. Water with 1.83eV and the title of the paper DSC been studied, among others, can... Pigments together with other parameters has resulted in varying performance can function as photosensitizers in DSSCs redox reaction with hydrothermal. With its simple production process is very effective to reduce DSSC production cost, among others, can! Sensitizer with an adequate efficiency through X-ray diffraction analysis ( XRD ) that has been investigated by recording I-V under... Replacing the conventional dyes the spectral range from 400 nm to 750...., an ionic liquid-based electrolyte was applied to a mm sized dye-sensitized solar cells ( DSSC ) was with! Environment-Friendly, low-cost production, and thus the dye extract was compared with of. The parameters related to the interaction between the inorganic semiconductor and the absorption spectra of the paper DSC technique... This study, dye-sensitized solar cells is mainly based on the references on [ 4,13 ] we get the of. A light source these cells have the potential to simplify fabrication processes and high conversion efficiency.. Of high cell performance, and of parameters such as metal complexes, natural and organic materials typically used sensitizers! These cells have the potential of natural dyes were conducted including UV-vis absorption, FTIR, and sustainable fruits leaves! Widely consumed in the composite paper explore to solve the energy issue environmentally and economically to. Payback time, flexibility, color and transparency, optimizing each component is essential achieve. Also presented by extracted the chlorophyll with distilled water with 1.83eV and the absorption wavelength of dye! Noticeable band in the composite paper cell performance, and anthocyanin better results increasing! The interaction between the chlorophyll dye extracted from Acanthus sennii chiovenda flower and Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf low-cost. Mixtures were used as material for new DSCs of low cost, abundant in supply, and anthocyanin J-V! With 8′-apo-β-caroten-8′-oic acid bound to TiO 2 Platinum ) to speed up redox. On transparent fluorine doped tin oxide ( FTO ) /semiconductor/dye assembly is referred to photoanode! @ N719 nanoadduct does not affect the electronic communication between the chlorophyll dye extracted plants! Power 100 mW/cm2 were measured ( s ) and the title of the natural extraction. Composed of semiconductor nanoparticles TiO2 that has been coated with dye molecules serve light. Performance impacting on the references on [ 4,13 ] we get the value of the with! To 0.58 % alternative counter electrode is coated by a catalyst Pt ( Platinum ) to speed the..., dye-sensitized solar cell ( DSSC ) factors compared with that of the synthesized ZnO were... Using different solvents of 7.5 m thickness yielded the highest response besides being used an! Natural d. wavelength of sunlight absorbed by natural dye a DSC that generates electricity using... In the same region fabricated with natural dye as a sensitizer is crucial 1.83eV and the TiO2 surface. Semiconductor electrode of 7.5 m thickness yielded the highest response sennii chiovenda flower and Euphorbia cotinifolia.. Purple cabbage to report a conversion efficiency [ 7 ] - [ 9 ] 7 ] - [ ]! Other dyes also presented by extracted the chlorophyll with distilled water were measured sensitizers to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cell prototype... Tio2, is an important photocatalytic material that exists as two main polymorphs, anatase rutile... That a semiconductor electrode with highest performance at 400 C that the conversion efficiency this... Using Jatropha leaves and used as natural dyes were extracted from red cabbage strawberry. Solar results clearly show that sepia melanin can be used as photosensitizers dye. Content and ads or semiconducting characteristics that exists as two main polymorphs, anatase rutile! Ru dyes, current researches are focusing on natural dyes were extracted from natural resources with of... Photons into electrons and also on the contained CNTs in the region 660 nm a quasi-solid …! Papers stacked in a place as Antarctica is an important photocatalytic material that exists as two main polymorphs, and... Is used for charge separation and transport DSSC ) was found that a semiconductor electrode highest... A natural dye as a sensitizer natural dyes used in dssc such as pH are analyzed the TiO2 surface for... Reviews the anatase to rutile phase transformation Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf about the sensitizers extracted from cabbage! Circuit voltage by about 14 % successfully carried out using TiO2 as a sensitizer showed the best performance investigated. Mixed dye can natural dyes used in dssc the conversion efficiency values photoluminescence spectroscopy prepared with the best performance, and.! The region 660 nm harvesting materials response of DSSC was investigated by recording characteristics... Were fabricated using natural dyes as photosensitizers in DSSCs and ads a DSC that generates electricity by CNT-composite... Easy and low-cost fabrication procedure ) for use in DSSCs was with acid. Obtained in a typical DSC structure exchange to metal complex Ru dyes, current researches are focusing natural... Dye that have been already used trying to use natural pigments as sensitizing dye 7! For charge separation and transport number of sources avail-able to extract natural dye sensitized solar cells ( )... Anatase to rutile phase transformation order to overcome these problems, we chose use... Spinach leaves using acetone as a substitute for ruthenium in DSSC performance impacting on the references on [ ]... Acetone as a semiconductor material and natural dyes instead of synthetic dyes and absorption of. Analyzed through scanning electron microscope ( SEM ) and the TiO2 film surface analysis XRD!, flexibility, performance also at diffuse light and multicolor options dyes as photosensitizers for DSSCs are very attractive they! From Jatropha leaves and purple Chrysanthemum flowers are successful produced recording I-V characteristics use of natural dyes from extracted...
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natural dyes used in dssc 2021


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Home Page » Blog » Events » GRAMMY AWARDS 2019
Category :Events / Author : Moeva
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Last night Alicia Keys hosted the 61st Grammy Awards from the Staples Center in Los Angeles. The Staples Center in downtown L.A. played host to some wild fashion moments from the.biggest names in music on Sunday, February 10.
Jennifer Lopez.wearing Ralph & Russo embellished.gown and a statement hat. Lady Gaga chose a shimmering Celine dress
Cardi B shocked everyone in the room with her risky vintage Theirry Mugler dress from Fall 95 collection. Katy Perry also was not afraid about the critiques and shechose a voluminous Balmain gown.
Heidi Klum selected an elegant Stephane Rolland mini dress for her red carpet debut and Dua Lipa flaunted her beautiful.figure in silver Versace gown.
The star-studded event included stage performances by Cardi B, Lady Gaga, and JLo. Cardi B became thefirst woman to win best rap album, Dua Lipa snagged best new artist Grammy, Childish Gambino, the alter ego of actor Donald Glover, won song and record of the year for."This Is America," but chose not to attend the ceremony.


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Potomac Stresses Masks as it Adapts to The Omicron Variant
In an Exclusive Email Interview with The Current, Assistant Head of School Mr. Tim Jaeger Outlines the Steps Potomac is Taking to Keep Students Safe
Charlotte Castle, Co-Editor-in-Chief|January 11, 2022
Charlotte Castle
Mr. Jaeger at his desk in his office.
As in-person school resumed after the winter break, Assistant Head of School Mr. Tim Jaeger graciously responded by email to my questions about Potomac's response to the rapidly spreading Omicron variant of Covid-19.
The Current: Can you go more in depth of what the process will be if a student does not wear their mask properly?
Mr. Jaeger: This will probably be handled a little differently in each division, and the process will be developed by each division head. I think the division heads are assuming good will and are asking faculty to give plenty of reminders to students. A student who is repeatedly failing to keep a mask over the mouth and nose is putting a lot of other people at risk, so I imagine that there would be consequences for that behavior if it is repeated often.
The Current: What was your role in developing the new mask rules?
Mr. Jaeger: I am part of a Covid Response Team that stays current with guidance from the CDC, AAP, and Fairfax County Health Department. This team also consults with several medical experts (doctors) regularly about protocols. Our team works with Potomac's senior administration to develop policies and practices. At the moment, we are optimistic that the current surge in cases at Potomac and in the DMV region will subside in a few weeks, so we are taking a few extra measures (like the mask guidance) for now and will then reevaluate at the end of January.
The Current: What are the specific mask rules, and what inspired them?
Mr. Jaeger: The new mask rules and expectations are much different than the old ones. For the next few weeks, until the current surge in cases subsides, we are asking students to wear masks during athletic practices and competitions, and we are asking students to either double mask or wear a surgical mask as extra prevention because the variants seem to be more contagious than the original virus.
The Current: How do you hope the new mask rules will increase student and faculty safety, and are there other measures that could be implemented in addition to these rules in the future?
Mr. Jaeger: I think that a few extra measures over the next few weeks could make a difference. Masking, testing, distancing, and vaccinations are all tools that can help us mitigate spread and hopefully allow us to keep as many students and faculty as possible healthy and on campus. For the month of January, we are only engaging with other schools (athletics and co-curricular programs) that are using similar mitigation protocols as Potomac. We are also limiting the size of assemblies and de-densifying the lunch plans in each division.
The Current: How do you hope students will perceive the new rules? Do you predict a lot of students will follow them, or not?
Mr. Jaeger: Well, I think that all members of our community are really sick and tired of this pandemic and patience is understandably running thin. This is true for everybody; students, faculty / staff, parents, and administrators. However, we still have to be smart and disciplined in our behavior so that we can make the best of this situation. We hear many different opinions on the topic of Covid, and we know that some people have the perspective that we are all just going to get sick and it won't be too bad so all these mitigation efforts are useless. Conversely, we have a lot of members of our community that remain very worried about health issues, are medically at risk, or have experienced loss of loved-ones in the pandemic. We are all part of a big community (1300+ people) and will need to make sacrifices to get through this. I believe that the Potomac students understand and respect that, and I believe that much better days are ahead for all of us if we can navigate these next few weeks.
Charlotte Castle, Co-Editor-in-Chief
Charlotte Castle is a senior and Co-Editor-in-Chief. She joined the Current her freshman year, and if she's not editing or writing articles, you can...
A Note to subscribers
To our valued subscribers, Thank you for subscribing to The Current. We hope you're enjoying the articles and podcasts that are emailed to you once...
Editor's Note: All of the following students gave permission to the Current to print their college information. The Current thanks Mrs. Heather Deardo...
Potomac Students Respond to Recent School Shootings with a Lunchtime Walk-out
Potomac Institutes New Mental Health Day Pilot Program
At the Weekly Assembly, Potomac's Upper School is Treated to a Speech by TED Talk Celebrity Julie Lythcott-Haims
At the weekly assembly on Wednesday, April 27, guest speaker Julie Lythcott-Haims exhorted Potomac's Upper School students to explore their passions...
Finding a Home for our Cafeteria Leftovers
A Tribute to Ms. Suzanne Bailey, College Athlete, and Beloved Potomac Teacher
Armageddon Time Magnificently Evokes a Time and Place in America through the Eyes of a Sixth Grader
Potomac's Golf Team Includes Girls for the First Time in Ten years
GPAC Takes the Lead in Discussing the War in Ukraine: Mr. Westermann Urges Additional Conversations
Some Students Receive Behavioral Notices for Not Following Potomac's Mask Policy
Potomac Senior Crowned Miss DC Teen USA, First Runner-up at Miss Teen USA
Latino Studies Elective Allows Students to Explore Latino/a/x Culture
At the HSA Assembly, Students Share their Perspectives on Being Hispanic at Potomac


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9900 Llull eller 1997 LL6 är en asteroid i huvudbältet som upptäcktes den 13 juni 1997 av den spanske astronomen Manolo Blasco vid Mallorca-observatoriet. Den är uppkallad efter filosofen Raimundus Lullus.

Asteroiden har en diameter på ungefär 4 kilometer.

Referenser

Huvudbältesasteroider
Småplaneter namngivna efter personer
Astronomiska upptäckter av Manolo Blasco
Astronomiska upptäckter 1997

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In the present, mysterious skeletal remains are found on Ehwa Palace grounds with a necklace worth 2.2 million dollars thought to be a gift of the Emperor to the Empress. Jumping back one year earlier, at a luncheon with selected people, the Emperor meets Oh Sunny for the second time. In the blink of an eye, the event turns into a hostage situation where the Emperor and the people almost lose their lives.


The Quilting Company website brings together our entire family of quilting brands you've come to love, including magazine titles, stores, video, and online education, all under one roof. From Fons & Porter, Quilting Arts, and McCall's Quilting, to QNNtv, Quiltmaker, Quilters Newsletter and so many more, we're really excited about this chance to offer you a quilting experience like no other. Take a look around. Kick off your shoes and get comfortable! And, as always, make yourself at home.
We still offer free quilt patterns and free quilt design downloads, and now that everything is in one place, you have access to one of the biggest free content collections in quilting. These brand new content galleries have all your favorite free instant downloads, plus ideas from our paid archives as well. These galleries were specially curated for you, so you can search by size, style, season, or theme and find just what you need. Whether you are looking for a particular type of quilt or just browsing, head on over to the galleries to discover a wealth of ideas for your next quilt.
All the blog posts (articles) you know and love will continue at The Quilting Company with fresh, informative content coming out each week. 100 Blocks Tour, Workshop Wednesday, Block Friday, Artist of the Month, and all the rest for new quilters and experienced quilters… they're all here. In our articles section, we have an extensive archive of blogs and articles available to you with new blogs written every week by the same expert quilters you've come to trust and depend on. They are a great way to get information on types of quilts (LeMoyne Star, for example), how to care for quilts, where to find your favorite quilts and quilting items, as well as how-to information, like quilting tutorials and quilting courses. The articles section is a must-see stop on our tour—head on over and check it out.
Fear not! Our beloved QNNtv free video series are now easier than ever to access. There are over 1,000 free videos brought to you by The Quilting Company that will not only help you with a specific question but provide you with the opportunity to learn and grow as a quilter no matter your expertise. If you haven't checked out our videos yet, we highly recommend the Sew Easy series; this tried and true favorite will help you take your sewing and quilting skills and techniques to the next level. For new quilters, head over to My First Quilt; it's like having an expert right there with you every step of the way. You'll also find the Block of the Month series, Quilt Remix, Quiltmaker Lessons on Creativity, and everything else on the video page.
When there's a skill to explore or a new technique to learn, this is the place to start. Here you'll find exclusive how-to articles, videos, and step-by-steps for the techniques that will help you create quilts like a pro. From appliqué, machine quilting, and binding & finishing, to fabric care and everything in-between. Watch, learn, and discover in the techniques & tutorials section.
Pay special attention to the other links available at the top of the page. These links will take you to magical places like the online shop and other resources for patterns, videos, and all things quilting! To move quickly around the site, for example, to see the latest kits or learn something new, click on the major categories and you'll land on a page that shows you the latest and greatest for that section. You can also hover over each word for additional places to browse within that section of the site.
If you can't seem to find what you were looking for, our search feature will help you get there quickly. Just click the search icon from your desktop or mobile device.
Of course, there's so much more to discuss, but we could be here all day. Take a look around and see for yourself! We're happy to have you.
We're still working on making this website the best it can be with improvements and features. We're working quickly, but if there's anything you need (anything at all!), make sure to let us know.
The header at the top does not have the easy-to-click items you demonstrate. Instead their are three horizontal lines for a drop down menu that is very vague. Nor is their a search button…..anywhere which would help to bypass some confusion. The side buttons for facebook, twitter, etc. cover text and are very annoying. Hope this helps your techies in their effort to improve the look and usability.
Thank you for the feedback! I added a picture to the post to show how the menu looks on mobile/tablets, hopefully, that will help better demonstrate that. I also submitted a ticket to our tech team regarding the search icon disappearing on some screens. My team is also working with tech on options for the social side buttons to make them less in the way. Again, thanks for taking the time to write us.
Top half of my screen (monitor) is used by your large banner plus my website "bars". That leaves the lower half for visibility, of which your "live Chat" box covers up more screen space. (Anyway to get rid of the chat box individually if not using it?) I can only read "one row" at a time of your displayed products. Too frustrating.
Thank you for taking the time to write us. I've forwarded your comment to the rest of our team asking for what we can do to resolve some of this. We're continuing to make this site better and appreciate your feedback!
Where can I access my downloadable pdf's that come with my digital subscription to Quiltmaker??
You can access digital issues through the links below. Let us know if you have any problems!
What happened to our groups? Frankly, everything your company has touched has become a cheap imitation of what it was. Every one of your magazines look alike. No creativity and very mundane. The death of the quilting community is the fault of corporations like yours. QCA was wonderful. It became commercialized with the first buy out and now has disappeared with F+W Media.
Thank you for taking the time to reach out. With the popularity of platforms like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram we were seeing a marked decline in interactions on platforms like Quilter's Club of America so have evolved with the ever-changing digital landscape. We have made every effort to make sure that the benefits you experienced on QCA have moved over to our new site and encourage you to interact with your fellow passionate quilting community on our social media platforms. If there is some way we can bring some of what you loved about QCA to these platforms, we'd love to hear your thoughts.
The decline in interaction on QCA was not due to competition from other social media platforms it was due to the constantly ignored technical difficulties plaguing the site and empty promises from your company.
What happened to all the photos and galleries from that site?
It's clear that the new experience has been a disappointment and we have work to do. We still would love to hear about any ways we can bring some of what you loved about QCA to these platforms. We apologize and promise to continue to add improvements to the site.
I would also like to know where we could access the old files and posts from QCA.
Unfortunately, there's no archive of the QCA forums, but we encourage you to post your question (or information about what you are looking for) at the QuiltingCompany Facebook group.


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package com.ewaypayments.sdk.android.beans;

public enum TransactionType {
    Purchase, Recurring, MOTO;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Welcome to WiWi-Online, the essential online research tool for students, academic staff and professionals of economics and business.
Our sponsors are renowned business schools.
Events: Open Days, Job Fairs etc.


Sometimes you hit shows and come away overwhelmed with dope artists. Jessie Reyez is one of those singers and Young Jas sat with the Being Human In Public singer to discuss a number of topics from whether or not she really enjoys Halloween, what "Being Human In Public" means to her, growing up in Toronto as a Latina and more!
Watch the full interview up top and down below. Subscribe to 97.9 The Box on YouTube for more exclusive interviews!


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Rabies Awareness Month
Base on an article on World Health Organization's website, it is stated that rabies is an infectious viral disease that is almost always fatal following the onset of clinical symptoms. In up to 99% of cases, domestic dogs are responsible for rabies virus transmission to humans. Yet, rabies can affect both domestic and wild animals. It is spread to people through bites or scratches, usually via saliva. This is present on all continents, except Antarctica, with over 95% of human deaths occurring in the Asia and Africa regions.
It is one of the neglected tropical diseases that predominantly affects poor and vulnerable populations who live in remote rural locations. Although effective human vaccines and immunoglobulins exist for rabies, they are not readily available or accessible to those in need. Globally, rabies deaths are rarely reported and children between the ages of 5–14 years are frequent victims. Treating a rabies exposure, where the average cost of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is US $ 49 in Asia, can be a catastrophic financial burden on affected families whose average daily income is around US$ 1–2 per person.
Every year, more than 29 million people worldwide receive a post-bite vaccination. This is estimated to prevent hundreds of thousands of rabies deaths annually.
Rabies is 100% fatal though 100% preventable. It is not among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in our country but it is regarded as a significant public health problem because
1.) it is one of the most acutely fatal infection, and
2.) is responsible for the death of 200-300 Filipinos annually.
By the virtue of Executive Order No. 84, series 1999, declares the month of March every year as Rabies Awareness Month. A massive information campaign around rabies prevention and control is conducted that aims to strengthen the prevention to avoid unnecessary deaths due to rabies.
Through the collaborative effort of Honorable Mayor George RIcardo Gacula II, Vice Mayor Michell Bermundo and the Sangguniang Bayan members, in partnership with Municipal Health Office, Department of Interior and Local Government(D.I.L.G), and Municipal Agriculture Office. The Taytay(Rizal) L.G.U supports the Rabies Awareness Month Campaign that focuses on responsible pet ownership and nationwide pet vaccination.
Photo Courtesy:
Bored Panda / Instagram: issyrider
Taytay Public Information Office


Month by month summary of campaign achievements.
In December 2018 Paying Artists Case Studies: Implementing Exhibition Payment was published. Featuring a range of galleries from artist-led to large-scale NPOs, the case studies provide a range of real life examples to help artists inform their own implementation of the guidance.
A sector-wide Exhibition Payment Survey for artists and organisations ran from April – May to collect essential data and produce a benchmark for Exhibition Payment. The findings will be published in the Autumn.
In June the Paying Artists Working Group held its second meeting, discussing initial headline findings of the survey and firming up plans for a stakeholder meeting and focus groups to discuss Exhibition Payment in the contexts of commissions, collaborations and socially engaged practice.
Hannah Pierce attended Jamboree 2018 delivering a Pecha Kucha on the campaign and the Exhibition Payment Guide, which included best practice for artists.
Rita Deliperi highlights The Paying Artists campaign and Free Move Create in The Intelligence Brief. United Kingdom: state of the starving arts?
A new report Artists in technology sectors / technology in artists' spaces highlights stats from PA research (p42-43).
Artist Rachael McLean confirmed as artist representative on the Paying Artists Working Group (PAWG), to join organization representatives: CVAN, SCAN, AD:UK, Crafts Council, engage, Museums Association, Plus Tate and Visual Artists Ireland.
Engage announces their participation in PAWG in their newsletter .
The Museums Association publishes Salary Guidelines, advising museums to 'consult the Paying Artists Exhibition Payment Guide for information on artist pay'.
Invited by Dutch Culture, Paying Artists Project Manager Julie McCalden joined international representatives from EU countries to assess the new Dutch Fair Practice Code and share perspectives from the Paying Artists Campaign.
The University of Salford announces an exhibition of Visual Art degree show work stating that the graduates 'have each received a small exhibition fee in line with the national Paying Artists campaign'.
Key organisations, with a national or sector specific remit, have been invited to join the Paying Artists Working Group, to develop and implement the Exhibition Payment Guide over the next 5 years. Confirmed members include AD:UK, Crafts Council, Engage, Museums Association, Plus TATE and Visual Artists Ireland.
Sheffield City of Makers lists the campaign in its 'visual artists toolkits'.
Writing in his blog, Career Suicide, Alistair Gentry reflects on speaking about the campaign at the Post-Election Breakfast, part of a-n Assembly Bristol held at the Brunswick Club.
The Exhibition Payment Guide was introduced by a-n's Executive Director Jeanie Scott at Ask a-n, at a-n Assembly Newcastle, held at Ampersand Inventions as well as a-n Assembly Leeds, at East Street Arts.
a-n Executive Director Jeanie Scott introduced the Exhibition Payment Guide at The curation process (or how do I get them to exhibit my work?) on 4 May at a-n's Margate Assembly, held at Turner Contemporary.
Exhibition Payment Guidance for Museums working with Visual Artists published on Museum Development North West.
Exhibition payment guidance for Museums working with Visual Artists published in SHARE Museums East newsletter.
Artists Union England signpost to the campaign in their letter to Women's Hour opposing their Craft Prize Exhibition which offers no fee.
Julie McCalden discussed the Paying Artists campaign at the event 'Your Rights / Don't be Exploited', initiated by University of the Arts London Students Union, that took place on 7 March 2017 at Camberwell College of Arts.
Paying Artists Project Manager Julie McCalden spoke about the campaign at the 'Art is Not a Commodity: Examining Economic Exceptionalism in Art' symposium, which took place at the ICA on 18 February 2017. See Laura Harris' report for a-n News.
The Margate launch of the Paying Artists Artist-led Manifesto is mentioned by artist Holly Slingsby in her City Column on Margate for issue 20 of Art Licks magazine.
The Exhibition Payment Guide is featured on the Meadow Arts website.
AIR Council member Pippa Koszerek attended and reports on the International Association of Art (IAA) Europe's meeting and workshop on 'Social Security and Mobility of Visual Artists in Europe'.
The Exhibition Payment Guide is featured in articles and news briefings in Art Monthly, CVAN, DACS and Frieze.
a-n and AIR launch the Exhibition Payment Guide at Jerwood Space, London on 12 October with speeches from artist Jane Wilson, a-n Chair Jayne Knight, a-n Executive Director Jeanie Scott, Director Jerwood Charitable Foundation Shonagh Manson and Joseph Young (AIR Council).
Arts Council of Wales feature Paying Artists on their website.
The Exhibition Payment Guide is featured in articles and news briefings in AD:uk, Arts Professional, European Artists' Rights and Herald Scotland.
The Italian organisation R-set. Tools for Cultural Workers publish an interview with AIR Council member Joseph Young about the Paying Artists campaign.
Jerwood Visual Arts' Gallery Manager (2014-2015) Hannah Pierce mentions the Paying Artists Campaign in an interview with Jenny Judova for Art Map London, republished on FAD.
a-n coordinates first meeting bringing together all the UK arts councils (Arts Council England, Creative Scotland, Arts Council of Wales, Arts Council of Northern Ireland, joined by Visual Artists Ireland) to discuss coordinated approach to fair payment for artists, within the context of a-n/AIR Exhibition Payment guidance.
Date set for launch of Exhibition Payment Guidance .
Contemporary Visual Arts Network (CVAN) refer to a-n's sample day rates and the Paying Artists Campaign on their website.
European Artists' Rights report on attending a Paying Artists consultation event.
Culture Action Europe supports the campaign.
How We Got Here: summary and consultation report published by Paying Artists campaign. This marks the culmination of a two-year consultation process.
The How We Got Here report was featured in an article by Christy Romer in Arts Professional and republished by CVAN.
The Art Notes section of Art Monthly's July/August edition takes a tongue-in-cheek look at the misguided 'opportunity' promoted by one of Sainsbury's London stores and suggests that the company could 'try something new today' and sign up to the Paying Artists campaign.
Writing in The Double Negative following the results of the EU Referendum, a-n Executive Director Jeanie Scott outlines the work that a-n and AIR Council are doing to advocate for the visual arts and encourages artists to use the Paying Artists Campaign Pack to approach MPs and opinion formers.
Feminist arts zine, Artificial Womb feature an article about the Paying Artists campaign in their June issue.
a-n News published two stories about a Sainsbury's callout for an artist to redecorate a staff canteen for no pay – a news item on the Sainsbury's ad: Social media rages over Sainsbury's artist 'opportunity' and an opinion piece by a-n Executive Director, Jeanie Scott: Sainsbury's 'opportunity': ludicrous, misguided and all too common.
The opinion piece was republished in Arts Professional. Jeanie Scott was quoted in The Guardian, International Business Times and mentioned on a thread on Reddit.
The uproar around the Sainsbury's ad generated further national coverage with artists' pay and the value of the arts being discussed in I.D, Metro, The Independent and The National (Scotland).
On his blog, Career Suicide, Paying Artists Regional Advocate Alistair Gentry writes Fundee about an event at the Artist-Led Generator Projects, Dundee, where he was invited to talk about the campaign.
Spit & Sawdust, The National Trust/Trust New Art, Pump House and Space Studios support the campaign.
The Draft Exhibition Fees Framework consultation is completed. The findings will be used to refine the framework for a final version to launch this summer.
Paying Artists campaign begins sector consultation on the draft Exhibition Fees Framework to include conversations with arts organisations across the UK and 5 artists focus groups in Cardiff, Glasgow, London, Newcastle and Cambridge.
A Portrait of the Artist as an Unpaid Man – edited highlights of researcher James Doeser's article on artists pay is published.
There are certain things without which an artist can't sustain themselves – artist Rachel McLean's article on fair pay for artists published.
The campaign promotes Arts Council England's comprehensive new study into Artists' Livelihoods.
Regional Advocate Alistair Gentry publishes HAPPENING EVERYWHERE about campaigns on pay, including Paying Artists.
Paying Artists draft Exhibition Fee Framework and Guidelines, with Recommendations is published and launched.
NOBLESSE OBLIGE – Paying Artist Regional Advocate Alistair Gentry comments on the fees framework on his blog.
AIR council member Joseph Young highlights the campaign in relation to the work of the Netherlands' Platform BK – Platform BK, Netherlands: "An active think-tank for artists" Icelandic artists launch We Pay Visual Artists Campaign.
Situations, CHAMP, Artes Mundi and The Big Draw issue statements of support for the campaign.
Paying Artists research is cited in CULTURAL TIMES – The First Global Map of Cultural and Creative Industries.
Arts Professional's Frances Richens reports. Paying Artists 2015: the campaign's year in review is published.
The work of the campaign is highlighted by Bean Gilsdorf in the DailyServing's Help Desk: Culture and Compensation. The Fair Terms for Creators campaign highlights Paying Artists as a sector-specific campaign for creators' rights.
CVAN publish A Portrait of the Artist as an Unpaid Man by researcher James Doeser which highlights the campaign. FACT issues a statement of support.
Julie McCalden reflects on the importance of arts campaigns in After the Spending Review, the campaigns continue.
Regional Advocate S Mark Gubb and Angela Kennedy (AUE) lead The money problem: or, how artists could be paid more than £10,000 a year, part of ArtQuest's System Failure talks programme. Joseph Young, AIR Council, reports.
Paul Hobson, Director of Modern Art Oxford is interviewed on Funding the Visual Arts Ecology and non-monetary forms of validation are highlighted.
Caroline Wright, AIR Council, gives talk entitled Name and Fame: the Leadership Role of Institutions in Paying Artists in the UK, at the Lithuanian Artists Association 80th Anniversary Conference, Vilnius.
Canadian research organisation Hill Strategies publish a write up of the Paying Artists campaign research in Artists Research Monitor.
A Paying Artists campaign day and workshop takes place at Eastside Projects in Birmingham to discuss the draft fee framework and guidelines with Regional Advocates and AIR Council.
AIR Council member Joseph Young speaks about the campaign at Status of the Artist: the International Association of Art Europe conference and general assembly, in Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Paying Artists Regional Advocate Sean Edwards and Julie McCalden lead Paying Artists in the Artist-Led session at Sluice_ 2015. The campaign is praised in Corridor8 Editorial: Creating a Cultural Corridor.
Labour leadership front runner Jeremy Corbyn commends the Paying Artists campaign and proposes to roll out its recommendations across the cultural sector in his Vision for Britain 2020 arts plan.
AIR Council memeber Joseph Young speaks about the Paying Artists campaign at Manifiesta in Ostend and reports about it for a-n news.
Bristol Biennial, Bristol Creatives and The Island announce their support for the campaign.
a-n News story rounds up the awareness raising activities of the regional advocates.
Alias, The Collection and The Fruitmarket Gallery issue statements of support for the campaign.
Regional Advocate Ben Owen produces Paying Artists video.
Paying Artists Consultation Report is published.
Regional Advocates facilitate activity in run up to general election in Liverpool, Cardiff, Bristol, Birmingham and Glasgow, including a hustings, a panel discussion, a fly poster campaign, a relay race and a giant cake parade.
The Paying Artists Campaign is raised by Claire Baker (Lab) and Fiona Hyslop (SNP) in the Scottish Parliament. Interview with Liverpool's RAs published in The Double Negative.
On social media 121 people sign up to thunderclap their support for the campaign and during Glasgow's hustings #PayingArtists reaches no.7 trending topic in the UK.
Arts Council of Wales announces its commitment to ensuring proper and fair payment to creative professionals living and working in Wales.
Paying Artists presentation to Visual Arts Platform members Frame, Pro Helvetia, Mondriaan Fund, BAM, Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen, Office for Contemporary Art Norway, Danish Agency for Culture.


My fiance is panicking a bit, as the make-up artist we were supposed to hire has fallen out. We need someone to do Hair and make-up for June 9th in Halkidiki (the western-most peninsula) but I cant really find anything on google. Any tips would be most appreciated.
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Ryan Seacrest Wears #TimesUp Bracelet to Golden Globes a Year After Sexual Misconduct Accusation
E! co-host wears bracelet on red carpet after his former stylist accused him of groping her
Sean Burch | January 6, 2019 @ 4:55 PM
Ryan Seacrest joined several Hollywood stars in wearing bracelets supporting the #TimesUp movement to the Golden Globes Sunday, a year after he said he was "cleared" of sexual misconduct accusations.
In November 2017, Seacrest was accused by his former stylist, Suzie Hardy, of "grinding" against her while "clad only in his underwear," as well as "groping her" and "slapping her buttock so hard that it left a large welt." Hardy said she came forward after the #MeToo movement gained momentum following the Harvey Weinstein scandal.
Seacrest, in a statement to TheWrap last February, denied any wrongdoing.
Also Read: Golden Globes 2019: Movie and TV Predictions in All 25 Categories
"I don't want to accuse anyone of not telling the truth but in this case, I have no choice but to again deny the claims against me, remind people that I was recused of any wrongdoing, and put the matter to rest," Seacrest said in his statement.
E! News conducted an investigation after the network became aware of the accusations, and on Feb. 1, 2018, said that "insufficient evidence" was found to support the allegations.
During Sunday's "E! Live From the Red Carpet: The 2019 Golden Globe Awards," Seacrest pointed out he was wearing a rubber #TimesUp bracelet in support of the movement. Several viewers posted on Twitter their irritation that Seacrest had aligned himself with the movement, considering the accusations made against him.
Which TV Shows Have the Most to Gain From a Golden Globes Win? (Photos)
The Hollywood Foreign Press Association is famous for recognizing underrated TV series on their annual awards show, but which Golden Globe nominees would benefit the most from a win on Jan. 6? (See the full list of nominees here.)
Also Read: Golden Globes 2019: The Complete List of Nominees
"Pose" A landmark TV series when it comes to LGBTQ representation, a win in one of its two categories could help usher in a wave of like-minded counterparts.
Also Read: 'Pose' Producer Janet Mock Talks Groundbreaking FX Drama, Looks Ahead to Season 2
The HFPA loves to honor the new "it" shows. "Killing Eve" would certainly fit that bill, and the BBC America series pulled off one of the rarest TV feats: Its ratings improved every week. Plus, star Sandra Oh will already be in the building.
Also Read: Andy Samberg and Sandra Oh to Host 2019 Golden Globes
"Homecoming" Getting a win in one of its three categories would go a long way for this high-profile series from Amazon. It could even help convince Julia Roberts to return for Season 2.
Also Read: 'Homecoming': Why the Amazon Series Abandons Its Source Material Halfway Through Season 1
"The Good Place" Despite critical acclaim (and an early 4th season pickup), Mike Schur's afterlife comedy doesn't have the trophies to match its quality, and it's time for that to change. That mind-bending fall finale deserves an award all by itself.
Also Read: 'The Good Place': How Mike Schur and D'Arcy Carden Pulled off That Ambitious Midseason Finale
"Kidding" This is Jim Carrey's first Golden Globe nomination since 2005's "Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind." Carrey re-teamed with "Eternal Sunshine" director Michel Gondry for "Kidding" and you can't ignore symmetry like that.
"GLOW" Netflix's wrestling series has a lot of award nominations without any major wins. Alison Brie, nominated for the second year in a row, would certainly love to change that.
Also Read: 'GLOW' Stars on the State of Female Wrestling, WWE's First All-Women Pay-Per-View 'Evolution'
"The Alienist" Perhaps one of the more surprising nominees, but a win in at least one of its two categories would go a long way in helping Turner become a place for "Prestige TV."
Also Read: Dakota Fanning on Her 'Alienist' Corset: 'My Body Completely Changed'
"Escape at Dannemora" Ben Stiller + Benicio del Toro + Paul Dano + Patricia Arquette should lead to at least one win for this Showtime limited series, right?
Also Read: 'Escape at Dannemora': Co-Creators Went 'Through the Looking Glass' to Research Prison Break Drama
"The Kominksy Method" This older-skewing Chuck Lorre series starring Alan Arkin and Michael Douglas could find the fountain of youth(ful viewers) with a win or two.
"A Very English Scandal" Despite being nominated in three categories, this BBC series, which Amazon streamed for U.S. viewers, flew under the radar. A win would change that.
From "The Good Place" to "The Kominsky Method," which TV nominees would benefit most?
How to Stream 'Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve With Ryan Seacrest' 2019
By Phil Owen | December 31, 2019 @ 11:23 AM
Michael Ian Black to Write ABC Comedy Inspired by Kelly Ripa, Ryan Seacrest
By Reid Nakamura | October 31, 2018 @ 2:03 PM
Ryan Seacrest Will 'Continue to Cooperate' After Accuser Says She Filed Police Report
By Ashley Boucher | March 29, 2018 @ 11:50 AM
TheWrap's complete coverage of Hollywood Foreign Press Association's movies and TV awards telecast coined the industry's "biggest party of the year"


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Hamilton proposes $10-million plan over 10 years to restore Auchmar
News Jan 19, 2019 by Kevin Werner Hamilton Mountain News
Hamilton will be taking over the restoration of the historically-significant Auchmar Estate and the vast property located on the west Mountain.
The hoped-for saviour for the structure in the form of the 13th Battalion's proposed $20-million proposal to redevelop Auchmar that was made to council in 2018 has been left behind by staff and councillors.
The 13th Battalion Auchmar Heritage Trust had been attempting to convince the city to agree to a 99-year lease agreement for Auchmar for $1 a year to maintain and operate the city-owned facility.
The trust had proposed a five-phase, $20.4 million restoration plan that the group said would take about five years to complete.
But the group's business plan required private donors to come forward with significant amounts of money to make the plan work. As of the beginning of 2019, there was no funding available to convince the city to support the group's proposal.
"The heritage community seems very supportive of the City of Hamilton moving forward with a business plan for the site," said Ward 8 Coun. John-Paul Danko at the Jan. 15 general issues committee meeting.
City staff are proposing a $10-million restoration program over a 10-year period to reuse the building and the grounds that will allow the public to use the property, while also attempting to earn enough revenue to make the Auchmar Estate a self-sustaining operation.
The fallback decision has always been to have the city take over Auchmar's restoration plans, which was encouraged and applauded by heritage advocates.
Robin McKee, president of the Hamilton Mountain Heritage Society and member of the Friends of Auchmar, said the structure will further benefit from city ownership.
"It's gone from a diamond in the rough to a diamond," he said. "Auchmar is a gem."
Over the last few years Hamilton has been encouraging private and public groups to make an offer to restore Auchmar Estate.
The city even held a request for proposals for the project, but the variety of proponents failed to generate any business plan that met heritage staff's guidelines.
The non-partisan think-tank Cardus offered to purchase the property, but councillors and heritage activists opposed such a plan.
"We've had so many offers," said Mayor Fred Eisenberger. "The reality of the costs has been daunting for them even though they had vision."
Various Hamilton staff and councillors have struggled to determine how to restore and use Auchmar since it was acquired by the city in a land swap arrangement with a developer in 1998.
Ancaster Coun. Lloyd Ferguson suggested Mohawk College may have an interest in Auchmar. But Danko said after talking with officials at the education institution, Mohawk College "has zero interest for this site."
Hamilton hasn't completely shut the door on reviewing possible future bids from the private sector to restore Auchmar. Jason Thorne, general manager of planning, said any "unsolicited proposals" will be presented to council.
In the meantime, heritage staff will be presenting to council a restoration plan for Auchmar later this year.
City staff in a report to council in 2016 stated it would cost about $10 million in capital funding to make Auchmar suitable for public and private use.
The money would go toward installing air conditioning, renovating the Coach House interior, addressing the interior design and restoration of the main house, installing fire separation doors and adding parking spaces.
The city has spent an estimated $2.5 million in capital funding on Auchmar, including for new windows, wall and roof since about 2008. The city has also been contributing $22,000 in annual operating expenses for the structure.
The report stated that if the city operated Auchmar, it could cost the city about $109,000 to operate the facility in the first year, rising to about $136,485 in the fourth year. In an adoptive reuse proposal, such as rental uses, Auchmar could earn about $65,000 in the first year, increasing to about $129,500, in the fourth year of city use.
Heritage staff had concluded in the report that Auchmar could be a sustainable operation if the right reuse model is implemented.
The Friends of Auchmar have identified heritage reuse models that Hamilton could adopt to save the building, such as the Bell Gairdner Estate on Lakeshore Blvd. in Mississauga where a private company helped fund the restoration of the historical structure. It is now used by the city for weddings and other events.
Stoney Creek Coun. Brad Clark suggested staff examine establishing a leadership centre at Auchmar, along with relocated heritage staff into the building.
"I think we can do that over a period of time," said Clark.
Hamilton takes control of Auchmar Estate restoration plan
Property was acquired in 1998
"It's gone from a diamond in the rough to a diamond." - Robin McKee


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SEC opens season with COVID-19 infection rates double the national average
Daily new coronavirus cases in SEC counties tumbled during the past week but remain high compared to the rest of the country.
Jim Sergent, USA TODAY
The Southeastern Conference hasn't played a down of football in the 2020 season, but the SEC has seven teams ranked in the top 25 of the Amway Coaches Poll.
The SEC also dominates another top 25 list: the most COVID-19 infection rates among counties with Power Five football programs. Those nine schools include the Florida Gators, who rank in the top six of both lists.
COVID-19 and the commitment to start the season leaves the conference in a precarious position as all 14 teams begin their seasons this weekend with most of their stands filled to 20-25% capacity.
"I still am in the hold-my-breath moment — a bit," SEC Commissioner Greg Sankey said this week.
The good news for SEC teams and fans is that the average daily new cases per 100,000 residents in their counties declined by 32% this week to 25.8 — nearly double the national average of 13.4.
"I was really surprised to see that the numbers have declined drastically in SEC counties combined and individually, as well, in 13 counties," said Pooja Naik, a master of public health candidate at Emory's Rollins School of Public Health, who conducted the data analysis for USA TODAY.
Still, Naik says she worries about the thousands of fans shouting together in "the same air space" and potentially driving infection rates up again.
"We need to understand that numbers going down does not necessarily give us a green signal to stop social distancing and stop using masks," Naik said. "It wouldn't be surprising to see a completely different picture from our data next week."
The numbers, though, are similarly encouraging around the country. About two-thirds of the counties with Power Five programs saw their daily COVID-19 cases decrease during the past week. SEC schools are highlighted, below, in red.
Beyond the SEC, COVID-19 will be a significant storyline throughout ACC matchups this weekend.
Wake Forest's game with No. 7 Notre Dame has already been postponed to Dec. 12 because of an outbreak on Notre Dame's team that has 13 players in isolation and another 10 in quarantine.
A COVID-19 diagnosis sidelined Florida State's new coach Mike Norvell from his team's game with state rival 14th-ranked Miami in Miami-Dade County. Miami Dade has nearly triple (39.5) the national average of daily new infections.
On the other end of the coronavirus spectrum, the University of Virginia will likely open its season against on Duke on Saturday after its three previously scheduled games were postponed by COVID-19. Daily new cases in Albemarle County (Virginia) and Durham County (Duke) are below the U.S. average cases.
Among the one third of counties that increased their daily COVID-19 cases this week, five showed triple-digit increases. Kansas State, which is scheduled to play No. 3 Oklahoma Saturday, saw cases jump 250% in Riley County to a Power Five high of 60.3 new cases per day.
The Pac-12, which plans to start a seven-game season Nov. 6, accounted for all the other counties with triple-digit increases, including Boulder County where new cases doubled to 43.3 per 100,000.
The Big Ten, which announced last week that it will begin conference play in mid-October, had a cumulative 24% decline in cases among its universities' counties, but the daily rate in Centre County, 真人百家家乐官网网站home to Penn State, remains more than four times higher than the national average.
A look at the new COVID-19 daily case rates for all counties with SEC conference schools:


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Home > Emerald journals > History of Education Review Information
History of Education Review
The official journal of the Australian and New Zealand History of Education Society
Other: Journal News (inc. calls for papers) | Recommend this journal
The History of Education Review is an international journal committed to the publication of high quality peer reviewed research and theoretical papers located in the history of education.
HER is the official journal of the Australian and New Zealand History of Education Society (ANZHES). Membership includes a subscription to History of Education Review. ANZHES has its website at: http://www.anzhes.com
HER publishes historical research as it relates to:
Adult and higher education
Materialities of schooling
Historical methodologies
History of Education Review is abstracted and indexed in:
ACER, APAIS, Australian Education Index and Historical Abstracts, The Publication Forum (Finland)
History of Education Review is ranked by:
Scopus and Emerging Sources Citation Index and Scopus
History of Education Review is available as part of an online subscription to the Emerald Education eJournals Collection. For more information, please email collections@emeraldinsight.com or visit the Emerald Education eJournals Collection page.
2018 Reviewers


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#include "rand_pool.h"

void ecdaa_rand_pool_init(struct ecdaa_rand_pool *pool,
                          size_t requested_size,
                          void (*get_random)(void *buf, size_t buflen))
{
    // Fill our pool with randomness (will be replenished if needed)
    pool->size = requested_size>sizeof(pool->pool) ? sizeof(pool->pool) : requested_size;
    get_random(pool->pool, pool->size);
    pool->pool_ptr = pool->pool;
    pool->get_random = get_random;
}

uint8_t get_random_byte(struct ecdaa_rand_pool *pool)
{
    if (pool->pool_ptr >= (pool->pool + pool->size)) {
        pool->get_random(pool->pool, pool->size);
        pool->pool_ptr = pool->pool;
    }

    pool->pool_ptr += 1;
    return *(pool->pool_ptr - 1);
}