text:
Negotiations begin for a global treaty on plastic pollution
DAILY MAGAZINE
FILE - City workers remove garbage floating on the Negro River, which has a rising water level due to rain, in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil, June 6, 2022.
FILE - City workers remove garbage floating on the Negro River, which has a rising water level due to rain, in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil, June 6, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up ear[...]
FILE - A swan stands between dumped plastic bottles and waste at the Danube river in Belgrade, Serbia, April 18, 2022.
FILE - A swan stands between dumped plastic bottles and waste at the Danube river in Belgrade, Serbia, April 18, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up early negotiations Friday, Dec. 2, on pla[...]
FILE - Trash and plastics litter the sand of Yarakh Beach in Dakar, Senegal, Nov.
FILE - Trash and plastics litter the sand of Yarakh Beach in Dakar, Senegal, Nov. 8, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up early negotiations Friday, Dec. 2, on plastic pollution at one of the[...]
FILE - A fisherman prepares his collection of plastic bottles to sell on the banks of the Nile River in Cairo, Egypt, Sept.
FILE - A fisherman prepares his collection of plastic bottles to sell on the banks of the Nile River in Cairo, Egypt, Sept. 29, 2022. An environmental group has asked fishermen to use their boats to c[...]
FILE - A boat moves through garbage floating on the basin of the Cerron Grande hydroelectric dam near Potonico, El Salvador, Sept.
FILE - A boat moves through garbage floating on the basin of the Cerron Grande hydroelectric dam near Potonico, El Salvador, Sept. 25, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up early negotiations [...]
FILE - Litter and debris blanket the shoreline in Cap-Haitien, Haiti, March 10, 2022.
FILE - Litter and debris blanket the shoreline in Cap-Haitien, Haiti, March 10, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up early negotiations Friday, Dec. 2, on plastic pollution at one of the larg[...]
FILE - Plastic and garbage hang on plants along a polluted coastal area in Metro Manila, Philippines, Sept.
FILE - Plastic and garbage hang on plants along a polluted coastal area in Metro Manila, Philippines, Sept. 16, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up early negotiations Friday, Dec. 2, on plas[...]
FILE - A child sits inside a canoe with empty plastic bottles he collected to sell for recycling in the floating slum of Makoko in Lagos, Nigeria, Nov.
FILE - A child sits inside a canoe with empty plastic bottles he collected to sell for recycling in the floating slum of Makoko in Lagos, Nigeria, Nov. 8, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up[...]
FILE - A man collects items along a polluted coastal area in Metro Manila, Philippines, Sept.
FILE - A man collects items along a polluted coastal area in Metro Manila, Philippines, Sept. 16, 2022. More than 2,000 experts plan to wrap up early negotiations Friday, Dec. 2, on plastic pollution [...]
On Friday afternoon more than 2,000 experts will wrap up a week of negotiations on plastic pollution at one of the largest global gatherings ever to address what even industry leaders in plastics say is a crisis.
It was the first meeting of a United Nations committee set up to draft what is intended to be a landmark treaty to bring an end to plastic pollution globally.
"The world needs this treaty because we are producing plastics by the billions," said Jyoti Mathur-Filipp, executive secretary of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for plastics in an interview with The Associated Press. "Billions of tons of plastics are being produced every year and there is absolutely no way to ensure that this plastic doesn't end up in the environment."
Entire beaches on what used to be pristine islands are now mounded with trash. Examination of a random handful of sand in many places reveals pieces of plastic.
The United Nations Environment Programme held the meeting in a city known for its beaches, Punta del Este, Uruguay, from Monday through Friday.
Delegates from more than 160 countries, plastic industry representatives, environmentalists, scientists, waste pickers, tribal leaders and others affected by the pollution attended in person or virtually. Waste pickers are seeking recognition of their work and a just transition to fairly-remunerated, healthy and sustainable jobs.
Even in this first meeting of five planned over the next two years, factions came into focus. Some countries pressed for top-down global mandates, some for national solutions and others for both. If an agreement is eventually adopted, it would be the first legally-binding global treaty to combat plastic pollution.
Leading the industry point of view was the American Chemistry Council, a trade association for chemical companies. Joshua Baca, vice president of the plastics division, said companies want to work with governments on the issue because they also are frustrated by the problem. But he said they won't support production restrictions, as some countries want.
"The challenge is very simple. It is working to ensure that used plastics never enter the environment," Baca said. "A top-down approach that puts a cap or a ban on production does nothing to address the challenges that we face from a waste management perspective."
The United States, a top plastic-producing country, agrees national plans allow governments to prioritize the most important sources and types of plastic pollution.
Most plastic is made from fossil fuels. Other plastic-producing and oil and gas countries also called for putting the responsibility on individual nations. China's delegate said it would be hard to effectively control global plastic pollution with one or even several universal approaches.
Saudi Arabia's delegate also said each country should determine its own action plan, with no standardization or harmonization among them. Plastic plays a vital role in sustainable development, the delegate said, so the treaty should recognize the importance of continuing plastic production while tackling the root cause of the pollution, which he identified as poor waste management.
Some referred to these countries as the "low ambition" group. Andrés Del Castillo, senior attorney at the Center for International Environmental Law, said that while national plans are important, they should not be the treaty's backbone because that's the system - or lack of one - that the world already has.
"We don't see a point of meeting five times with experts all around the world to discuss voluntary actions, when there are specific control measures that are needed that can aim to reduce, then eliminate plastic pollution in the world," he said after participating in the discussions Thursday. "It's a transboundary problem."
The secretary general of the United Nations Antonio Guterres chimed in with a tweet: "Plastics are fossil fuels in another form & pose a serious threat to human rights, the climate & biodiversity," it read.
The self-named "high ambition coalition" of countries want an end to plastic pollution by 2040, using an ambitious, effective international legally-binding instrument. They're led by Norway and Rwanda.
Norway's delegate to the meeting said plastic production and use must be curbed, and the first priority should be to identify which plastic products, polymers and chemical additives would bring the fastest benefit if phased out.
African nations, Switzerland, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru and others called for a global approach too, arguing that voluntary and fragmented national plans won't address the magnitude of plastic pollution. Small island countries that rely on the ocean for food and livelihoods spoke of being overwhelmed by plastic waste washing up on their shores. Developing countries said they need financial support to combat plastic pollution.
Australia, the United Kingdom and Brazil said international obligations should complement national action.
Tadesse Amera, an environmental scientist, said the treaty should address not only waste but the environmental health issues posed by chemicals in plastics as the products are used, recycled, discarded or burned as waste. Amera is the director of Pesticide Action Nexus Association Ethiopia and co-chair of the International Pollutants Elimination Network.
"It's not a waste management issue," he said. "It's a chemical issue and a health issue, human health and also biodiversity."
People from communities affected by the industry went to the meeting to ensure their voices are heard throughout the treaty talks. That included Frankie Orona, executive director of the Society of Native Nations in Texas.
"There's a lack of inclusion from those that are directly negatively impacted by this industry. And they need to be at the table," he said. "A lot of times they have solutions."
Orona said the talks seem focused, so far, on reducing plastic, when governments should aim higher.
"We need to completely break free from plastics," he said.
Mathur-Filipp said that for the next meeting, she will write a draft of what a legally-binding agreement would look like. Organizers don't want this to take a decade, she said. The next meeting is planned for the spring.
Associated Press climate and environmental coverage receives support from several private foundations. See more about AP's climate initiative here. The AP is solely responsible for all content.
UN expert: Myanmar junta will seek legitimacy in `sham' vote
The independent U.N. special investigator on Myanmar warned Tuesday that the country's military rulers plan to seek legitimacy by orchestrating a "sham...
That is just one in a continuum of reckless nuclear saber-rattling from the Putin regime as it flounders in its war with Ukraine.
UN expert: Deaths of Bangladeshi migrants should be probed
The countries where Bangladeshi migrant workers are employed, including former World Cup host Qatar, should thoroughly investigate all cases of deaths and...
Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia do little to solve waste problem
In southwest Serbia, construction machines are being repurposed to clear tons of waste clogging the Potpec lake. Moreover, the cranes just weren't designed ...
UN chief backs democracy for Myanmar 2 years after coup
Two years after Myanmar's military seized power, Secretary-General Antonio Guterres voiced support Monday for the democratic aspirations of Myanmar's people ...
Western Sahara profile
Strikes, protests hit France in round 2 of pension battle


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Q: Wy is my form submit event listener is not working I have a form and I am trying to listen to the event when the user submits the form. Here are my codes:
html:

    const form = document.forms['testRegForm']
    form.addEventListener('submit', e => {
                    e.preventDefault()
                    alert("Test");
                    var x = document.forms["required"]["mobile"].value;
                    if (x == "") {
                        alert("Mobile Number is required");
                        return false;
                    }else {
                        alert(x)
                        fetch(scriptURL, { method: 'POST', body: new FormData(form)})
                        .then(response =>
                            alert('Your request is submitted. We will get in touch with you soon')
                        )
                        .catch(error => alert(error.message))
                    }

                })
     <form name="testRegForm" style="font-family: Aladin;" >

Register using mobile Number:

                    <input type="number" placeholder="Number" pattern="\d{3}[\-]\d{3}[\-]\d{4}" name="mobile" maxlength="10" required>

                    <button type="submit">Submit</button>

     </form>

But the event listener does not work when the submit button is clicked. This is verified by the fact that the alert - "Test" is not shown. Where am I wrong?

A: Your event is indeed firing, it just doesn't complete because of an error referencing the input. Also, make sure that the script is located just before the closing body tag so that the HTML will be fully parsed by the time the script is encountered.
Replace const form = document.forms['testRegForm'] with const form = document.querySelector("form") and modify your reference to the input as with a valid selector as shown below.

<!doctype html>

  <title>test</title>

<form name="testRegForm" style="font-family: Aladin;" >

Register using mobile Number:

    <input type="number" placeholder="Number" pattern="\d{3}[\-]\d{3}[\-]\d{4}" name="mobile" maxlength="10" required>

    <button type="submit">Submit</button>

</form>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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"... European rules also allowed patent holders to apply for a supplementary protection certificate extending the validity of their patents for five years. The term is limited to the lesser of five years from patent expiration and 15 years from the first European marketing authorization.
In its application for Losec, AstraZeneca claimed March 1988 as the first marketing authorization date, but the commission proved that France had issued an authorization in 1987.
... [T]he mere fact that AstraZeneca applied for the supplementary certificates didn't make its conduct abusive. But misleading regulators regarding the date of the "first marketing authorization" took the company's conduct outside the realm of legitimate competition on the merits.
"The submission to the public authorities of misleading information liable to lead them into error and therefore to make possible the grant of an exclusive right to which an undertaking is not entitled, or to which it is entitled for a shorter period, constitutes a practice falling outside the scope of competition on the merits which may be particularly restrictive of competition," the court stated.
AstraZeneca has appealed the matter to the European Court of Justice".
No date for hearing the appeal appears yet to have been fixed but, given the extreme length of the General Court's judgment (920 paragraphs), the complexity of the issues and the value of the outcome to the various sectors of the pharma industry, both the parties concerned and the Court of Justice will need a good deal of time to think.
After the preliminary injunction rendered on 12 February 2010 enjoining Mylan and Qualimed from marketing a generic drug comprising Losartan and HCTZ on the basis of Du Pont's SPC granted for Losartan, the President of the Paris First Instance Court confirmed on 28 January 2011 that an SPC covering a compound (Valsartan in the present case) obviously prohibits the marketing of pharmaceutical products containing Valsartan alone or in combination with another active ingredient.
"while Article 4 of the Regulation provides some limits to the effects of an SPC, once these are defined, the SPC grants the same rights as those conferred by the basic patent".
"[O]nce this SPC No. 97C0050 is defined, the rights conferred to Novartis are the same as the rights conferred by the basic patent, such that Novartis can oppose to any use of this active ingredient for the treatment of hypertension, alone or in combination with another active ingredient.
Any marketing of a medicinal product containing valsartan as an active ingredient therefore obviously constitutes an infringement, since it infringes the rights that the claimants hold on this active ingredient until 13 November 2011.
The obviousness of the infringement that would result from the arrival of the pharmaceutical products "valsartan hydrochlorothiazide Actavis 80mg/12.5mg" and "valsartan hydrochlorothiazide Actavis 160mg/25mg" before 13 November 2011 is therefore demonstrated".
This decision can be appealed".
You can read the French decision here and the English translation here.
"The Antwerp Court of Appeal ordered Teva not to launch prematurely a generic version of Novartis' blockbuster drug Co-Diovan. The product which Teva intended to launch on 12 February 2011 – the expiry date of Novartis' basic patent for valsartan (EP 443 983 B1) – contained, like Co-Diovan, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide or 'HCTZ' as its active ingredients. However, this combination of valsartan and HCTZ is protected until 25 September 2012 by a Belgian SPC.
Teva launched a nullity action against this SPC before the Antwerp Commercial Court and also contested its prima facie validity in the summary proceedings which Novartis subsequently brought against Teva.
The main argument raised by Teva in support of its nullity allegations was that the product valsartan+HCTZ was not protected by the basic patent within the meaning of Article 3(a) of SPC Regulation 469/2009 because the combination of valsartan and HCTZ was not specifically disclosed in the claims of the basic patent. Novartis argued that a product is protected by a patent if it infringes that patent. In view of the absolute protection for valsartan under the basic patent, any medicinal product containing valsartan, whether alone or in combination with other active ingredients, would infringe and thus be "protected by" the basic patent.
The Court of Appeal followed Novartis' reasoning, referring to the application of the "infringement test" in a number of European countries. The fact that in other countries a different test was applied could not affect the prima facie validity of the SPC. Particularly in view of the various pending references to the ECJ from the English courts about the correctness of this different test, the Court of Appeal concluded that the final word on which test to apply should be left for the full trial before the Antwerp Commercial Court, which will take place in April 2011. The preliminary injunction was therefore granted until a decision in the case on the merits is issued or until 31 May 2011, whichever is earlier".
Philippe has kindly provided both the Flemish original and an English translation.
There isn't so much out there when it comes to an overview on SPCs and medical devices. However, the February 2011 issue of Intellectual Property and Technology Law Journal does contain an article by Sinan Uktu (Covington & Burling LLP) on that topic entitled "Extending Patents to Medical Devices in Europe".
A copy of the article can be obtained here.
Mark your diaries! Next Thursday, 17 February, is a big day for SPCs in the European Union. That's the day that the Court of Justice of the European Union is hearing Case C-427/09, Generics (UK) Ltd v Synaptech Inc, a reference for a preliminary ruling from Court of Appeal, England and Wales, on 28 October 2009. The reference was made just days before Generics (UK) Ltd rebranded as Mylan.
"For the purposes of Article 13(1) of Council Regulation 1768/92 [concerning the creation of a supplementary protection certificate for medicinal products OJ L 182, p. 1], is the "first authorisation to place the product on the market in the Community" the first authorisation to place the product on the market in the Community which was issued in accordance with Council Directive 65/65 [on the approximation of provisions laid down by Law, Regulation or Administrative Action relating to proprietary medicinal products OJ 22, p. 369] (now replaced with Directive 2001/83 [on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use OJ L 311, p. 67]) or will any authorisation that enables the product to be placed on the market in the Community or EEA suffice?
If, for the purposes of Article 13(1) of Council Regulation 1768/92, an "authorisation to place the product on the market in the Community" must have been issued in accordance with Directive 65/65 (now replaced with Directive 2001/83), is an authorisation that was granted in 1963 in Austria in accordance with the national legislation in force at that time (which did not comply with the requirements of Directive 65/65) and that was never amended to comply with Directive 65/65 and was ultimately withdrawn in 2001 to be treated as an authorisation granted in accordance with Directive 65/65/EEC for that purpose?"
This blog notes that it has taken 18 months to get from the reference to the Hearing. In better times, by 18 months we might have expected to be well beyond that, taking delivery of the Advocate General's Opinion.
I've been reviewing the UK government's proposed "patent box" tax incentive this week (click here) with my tax colleagues and have found no mention of SPCs at all.
I am sure UK pharma and biotech have not overlooked the issue and would imagine that responses to the proposal, due this month, will pick this point up, but I am curious to know how SPCs are treated in other jurisdictions with patent box tax incentives...Belgium and the Netherlands to name two. All information gratefully received!
Further to The SPC Blog's post earlier today on GSK's loss of its Advair patent and SPC (here), thanks are owed to Peter Burgers (Brinkhof) for providing us with a full 21-page translation of the decision. You can read it here.
Peter has also drawn our attention to a note on this decision that was posted on the Kluwer Patent Blog here last Wednesday by his colleague Rik Lambers.
Reuters reported last week ("GSK says considering appeal to a higher court") that GlaxoSmithKline lost a Dutch patent action last Wednesday which concerned its top-selling lung drug Advair, in what the report describes as "the latest in a series of legal battles across Europe over the inhaled medicine". Advair, known as Seretide in most of Europe, attracted sales of £5 billion ($7.9 billion) last year, giving GSK 18 percent of group revenue.
GSK said in a statement that a court in The Hague had ruled in favour of joint claimants Novartis units Sandoz BV and Hexal AG, ruling that the Dutch part of the European patent for Advair, as well as its supplementary protection certificate, were invalid. It is understood that the company is considering an appeal which, given the value of the product in the market, is understandable. GSK has however previously suffered patent defeats on Advair in Britain, Ireland and Germany.
If any reader has more specific details of the court's decision, we'd love to hear about it.


Austrian Diamond-Cut Heart Prism: This cool Crystal Heart Prism is multi-faceted in Diamonds and, because of all of them, this Heart will sparkle & bling beyond words! This Heart prism comes in 32mm only in Clear, AB, and BS. Makes a great window prism or a exquisite jewelry pendant too!


Flourish Education are currently recruiting for a Year 6 Teacher for one term, for a smaller than average-sized primary school located in Brownhills due to commence September.
Most pupils are from White British backgrounds. The number of pupils from minority ethnic groups is well below the national average, as is the proportion of pupils who speak English as an additional language. The proportion of pupils who have special educational needs and/or disabilities is average.
Staff morale is high. Teachers are overwhelmingly positive about the leadership of the school.
The school is looking for someone who can come in and hit the ground running, so strong curriculum knowledge and KS2 experience is essential.
In its most recent Ofsted report the school was graded as "GOOD" it was stated that behaviour is good and pupils conduct themselves in a calm and orderly manner at all times of the day. They are friendly and confident with staff and peers alike.


The term was coined during a contentious, 19th-century debate between practioners of homeopathic, and those they derisively referred to as "allopaths." More recently, "allopathic" has been applied to medical schools accredited by the American Medical Association (which bestow M.D. degrees), as opposed to "osteopathic" for those accredited by the American Osteopathic Association (which bestow D.O. degrees).
There is controversy surrounding the applicability of the term "allopathy." Many people use the term neutrally, simply as a name for orthodox medicine when necessary to distinguish it from other medicinal paradigms. Others have used the term allopathy in a deprecatory manner.
Medical dictionaries and general usage dictionaries also give varying accounts of the meaning of allopathy. Some dictionaries define allopathic medicine as conventional medicine. Stedman's Illustrated Medical Dictionary defines it as "[r]egular medicine, the traditional form of medical practice." The Oxford English Dictionary presents a similar application: "the present prevailing system of medicine".
Some definitions use the same extension of the term, but retain some historical connotations. In addition to the definition already presented, the Oxford English Dictionary puts forth the definition of allopathy as a "term applied by homeopathists to the ordinary or traditional medical practice, and to a certain extent in common use to distinguish it from homeopathy". The Compact Oxford English Dictionary likewise defines it as "the treatment of disease by conventional means, i.e. with drugs having effects opposite to the symptoms. Often contrasted with homeopathy."
Other sources define allopathic medicine more in accord with the meaning of its word parts, allos meaning opposite and path meaning disease. Steadman's Medical Dictionary calls it a "therapeutic system in which a disease is treated by producing a second condition that is incompatible with or antagonistic to the first." Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary also defines it as a "term applied to that system of therapeutics in which diseases are treated by producing a condition incompatible with or antagonistic to the condition to be cured or alleviated. Called also heteropathy."  Tabor's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary says it's a "system of treating disease by inducing a pathological reaction that is antagonistic to the disease being treated", and presents the application of allopathy to conventional medicine as incorrect, saying it is "erroneously used for the regular practice of medicine to differentiate it from homeopathy".  The American Heritage Medical Dictionary defines it as as: "A method of treating disease with remedies that produce effects antagonistic to those caused by the disease itself."
The term is used on websites of certain U.S. medical professional organizations. For example, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) describes the type of medicine they teach as allopathic, and the American Medical Association refers to M.D. students as allopathic medical students. Similarly, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) describes U.S. M.D. residencies as allopathic.
Other terms that have been proposed to describe the conventional Western medical system of practice include: conventional medicine, Western medicine, evidence-based medicine, clinical medicine, scientific medicine, regular medicine, mainstream medicine, standard medicine, orthodox medicine, and authoritarian medicine.
The term was coined by Samuel Hahnemann to differentiate homeopathic practices from conventional medicine, based on the types of treatments used.
As used by homeopaths, the term "allopathy" has always referred to a principle of curing disease by administering substances that produce the opposite effect of the disease when given to a healthy human. Hahnemann used this term to distinguish medicine as practiced in his time from his use of infinitesimally small doses of substances to treat the spiritual causes of illness.
In the essay by William Jarvis cited below, he notes that "although many modern therapies can be construed to conform to an allopathic rationale (eg, using a laxative to relieve constipation), standard medicine has never paid allegiance to an allopathic principle" and that the label "allopath" was considered highly derisive by mainstream medicine.
One form of verbal warfare used in retaliation by irregulars was the word "allopathy." ....... "Allopathy" and "allopathic" were liberally employed as pejoratives by all irregular physicians of the nineteenth century, and the terms were considered highly offensive by those at whom they were directed. The generally uncomplaining acceptance of "allopathic medicine" by today's MDs is an indication of both a lack of awareness of the term's historical use and the recent thawing of relations between irregulars and allopaths.
The Companion Encyclopedia of the History of Medicine states that "Hahnemann gave an all-embracing name to regular practice, calling it 'allopathy'. This term, however imprecise, was employed by his followers or other unorthodox movements to identify the prevailing methods as constituting nothing more than a competing 'school' of medicine, however dominant in terms of number of practitioner proponents and patients." In the nineteenth century, some pharmacies labelled their products with the terms allopathic or homeopathic.
Hahnemann used the term to refer to what he saw as a system of medicine that combats disease by using remedies that produce effects in a healthy subject that are different (hence Greek root allo- "different") from those of the disease to be treated. He claimed that his theory of homeopathy, which attempts to mimic the symptoms (hence homeo-, "the same"), was a more effective and humane alternative.
Contrary to the present usage, Hahnemann reserved the term of "allopathic" medicine to the practice of treating diseases by means of drugs inducing symptoms unrelated (i.e. neither similar nor opposite) to those of the disease. He called instead "enantiopathic" or "antipathic" the practice of treating diseases by means of drugs producing symptoms opposite to those of the patient (e.g. see Organon, VI edition, paragraphs 54-56). After Hahnemann's death the term "enantiopathy" fell in disuse and the two concepts of allopathy and enantiopathy have been more or less unified. Both, however, indicate what Hahnemann thought about contemporary conventional medicine, rather than the current ideas of his colleagues. Conventional physicians had never assumed that the therapeutic effects of drugs were necessarily related to the symptoms they caused in the healthy: e.g. James Lind in 1747 systematically tested several common substances and foods for their effect on scurvy and discovered that lemon juice was specifically active; he clearly did not select lemon juice because it caused symptoms in the healthy man, either similar or opposite to those of scurvy.
Practitioners of alternative medicine have used the term "allopathic medicine" to refer to the practice of conventional medicine in both Europe and the United States since the 19th century. In the U.S., this was also referred to as regular medicine — that is, medicine that was practiced by the regulars. The practice of "conventional" medicine in both Europe and America during the 19th century is sometimes referred to as the age of 'heroic medicine' (because of the 'heroic' measures such as bleeding and purging).
^ a b Stedman's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 27th edition (2000).
^ a b The online edition of the Compact Oxford English Dictionary (2006).
^ a b The Oxford English Dictionary, online edition (2006).
^ Steadman's Medical Dictionary, 5th edition (2005).
^ Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 26th ed.(2003).
^ Tabor's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary (2001).
^ James C. Whorton. Nature Cures: The History of Alternative Medicine in America.
Alan D. Berkenwald, MD. In the Name of Medicine. Annals of Internal Medicine.
The Princeton Review - Allopathic Medicine - The Princeton Review is a college admissions testing preparation company unaffiliated with Princeton University.
Gundling KE (1998). "A physician's editoral on the misuse of the term "allopath"". Arch Intern Med. 158 (20): 2185–2186. PMID 9818797.


We are a faith-filled community where the primary purpose of education is enlivened by the Gospel spirit of freedom and charity.
We seek qualified individuals who have the knowledge, skills, and abilities to provide a comprehensive curriculum to each student and prepare them to be strong leaders in society.
All prospective employees are required to undergo a background investigation; employment is contingent upon investigation results.
Please fill out the Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston application.
You may also visit the Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston Human Resource page.


text:
Security Alliances
Should NATO Expand?
Americans and Europeans can fairly debate whether NATO should expand in the near term or proceed with formal expansion only if Russia again seems to pose a military threat to Central Europe. But whic…
Task Force Report by Charles A. Kupchan
Success or Sellout
The U.S.-North Korean Agreed Framework of October 1994 holds the potential for resolving the Nuclear proliferation threat from the North, promoting stability on the Korean Peninsula, and furthering N…
Strengthening Palestinian Public Institutions
The Palestinian Authority (PA) must improve its ability to govern democratically and effectively—and do so urgently—or risk losing the support of its people, according to this independent Task Force …
Task Force Report by Henry Siegman and Michel Rocard
Defending an Open, Global, Secure, and Resilient Internet
This CFR-sponsored Independent Task Force warns that "escalating attacks on countries, companies, and individuals, as well as pervasive criminal activity, threaten the security and safety of the Inte…
Task Force Report by Samuel J. Palmisano, John D. Negroponte, and Adam Segal
Update on the Global Campaign Against Terrorist Financing
While "al-Qaeda's current and prospective ability to raise and move funds with impunity has been significantly diminished . . . al-Qaeda and other terrorist organizations still have ready access to f…
Task Force Report by Lee S. Wolosky, Maurice R. Greenberg, William F. Wechsler, and Mallory Factor Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies
After an initially robust attempt to curtail financing for international terrorism, the Bush administration's current efforts are strategically inadequate to assure the sustained results needed to pr…
Task Force Report by Lee S. Wolosky, Maurice R. Greenberg, and William F. Wechsler Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
DePaolo's World
Thoughts and impressions on workers' compensation and life.
Cost Shifting Nonsense
The Workers' Compensation Research Institute hosted a webinar yesterday about cost shifting to workers' compensation from general health. The premise was that due to the Affordable Care Act, there would be an increase in moving health claims into the workers' compensation system.
Richard Victor, who is retiring as president of WCRI, made the case that this shift trend is underway, based on research that looked at "capitated" health plans, namely from Health Maintenance Organizations.
A capitated plan is defined as a health plan that pays a flat fee for servicing patients; as opposed to a fee for service plan that pays per procedure. It was theorized by WCRI that capitated health plans would grow under the ACA so health carriers could control costs better, and consequently there would be an increase in shifting care to work comp.
A study (not by WCRI) back in 1996 had looked at federal ship yards, and the correlation between HMOs and workers' compensation - what that study found was a strong correlation between them: ship yards with an HMO, which were presumed to be capitated plans, were highly correlated with shifting care to workers' compensation.
But that's not the end of it - the type of "injury" being shifted was more responsible than simply providing care under capitated plans.
Look at the moon...
WCRI's research shows that if the injury claimed is a soft tissue injury that there was a greater likelihood that it would be treated under a work comp system than general health.
Victor said this was because the initial treating physician has the first, and consequently, disproportionately large role, in determining causation of an injury or complaint.
Specific trauma cases provide much less discretion in determining causation because an event was much easier to identify - thus lacerations and fractures aren't so easily recategorized than those requiring a more subjective analysis.
An inference was made by Victor, though there wasn't any hard data to support it, that workers' compensation's mostly fee for service reimbursement schedules influenced subjective determinations towards work comp - assuming that physicians and their teams were more motivated by money than health outcomes.
But blogger and principal of Health Strategy Associates pointed out that about 1/3d of HMOs don't use capitation for groups or individuals, or at least not for all services, so basing the research on HMO experience was not an apples to apples comparison, in his opinion.
Paduda also said that capitation has NOT grown under ACA, and presented some data to support that conclusion.
And in fact, Paduda challenged that physicians would be so motivated to move claims from general health to work comp because of the extra paper work, stating, "documentation that is perceived by physicians as irrelevant to patient care is the discontent of doctors - seems to me that's the definition of workers' comp."
Paduda also challenged the status quo view, and said he's not sure that any reverse shift DOESN'T occur (i.e. likely that there is cost shifting or case shifting going both ways).
Frankly, though, this is all academic.
It really doesn't matter and is a discussion that is relevant only to insurance companies seeking to eek out a better profit from their programs, because at the end of the day the employer is still paying for insurance, and employee is still trying to get treatment, and if one belongs in a certain silo or another is of relevance to the injured worker only in terms of deductibles, co-pays and indemnity (and even then, there may be an indemnity option under a state disability program such as in California or New York).
Cost shifting is pointing at the moon, and the dogs (us) looking at the finger instead of the moon.
There are only two real issues: is there an employer paying for medical care? is the employee getting medical care?
Whether that care is paid for via one system or another is irrelevant to the big picture.
Which brings me to another point - and that is whether universal care, or 24-hour care, or whatever you want to call it, will ever become available.
Both Victor and Paduda said "no" because powerful entrenched interests will never let go of their fiefdoms.
But this ignores the single most compelling prospect of the opt-out movement: consolidation of care.
Opt out can operate outside of the silos because it is not constricted by workers' compensation laws; it is governed by ERISA, a much broader system of governing employee benefits. I see the opt out movement as having an advantage to both employers, AND their workers, by providing medical care via a single platform.
Let the guys with white collars and ties in the back room argue about who's going to pay for what. The injured or unhealthy worker should not be concerned with who's going to pay for what - if the care is delivered quickly, timely, effectively - the vast majority of care recipients are going to be just fine with that.
Opt out has been the brunt of criticism the past couple of years with all sorts of legal challenges in Oklahoma, all sorts of anti-opt out lobbying in Tennessee and South Carolina, and public media reports that the promises of injured worker care are illusory.
I suspect proponents are actually listening and learning, and that modern offerings will refocus the discussion towards the bigger picture: an employer paying for the care of its workers regardless of causation.
Sure, universal care as a national, or even a state, program may not ever be realized because of the pesky, well positioned and entrenched special interests.
But when opt out comes to your state you can bet that plans will be a universal care model.
THAT's how single payer/universal/24-hour care (or whatever label you want to use) will creep into the modern economy.
That's my opinion. Ought to be yours!
Labels: ERISA, health care
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What's Up with "PolicyGenius ???"
Just saw this article and was wondering how much of a dent will this company make in the market?
Article says they are going after the "life, long-term disability, renters, and pet insurance" buyers.
Don't consumers already have ONLINE options to shop for the above?
I saw that as well, and with a $15 million infusion of cash, they can do some major marketing. They will definitely be able to capture some of the market, but I still believe that people want to deal with people they know and trust.


Till now we have only heard about cries n tears agbout transgender stories. Seen them begging, clapping or doing prostitution. Being a child we were all scared of hijras but little did we know that few years down the line we shall have exceptions. Today transgenders are news anchors, mayors, school principals, court judges, models and beauty queens.
One such queen is Aizya naaz joshi, born a transgender in a hindu muslim community, naaz was always a shame for her family. Her school mates will call her chakka, heejra, impotent and what not? She didn't have a good childhood as she grew up in a prejudice society, she absolutely had no friends in school, but she didn't give up, Being a child she was sexually molested by her school teachers and distant relatives. She remembers and said that she hardly saw the childhood. She was sent to mumbai to a distant relative where she completed her higher secondary education through open schooling. She could not give much time to her studies because most of her time went doing part time jobs at restaurants, dhabas, selling items in local trains and assisting in beauty salons as helper, When she grew up as a teen, she took up bar dancing as a profession. During her teen age she also appeared in singing reality show hosted by annu kapoor, her flair for art and creativity made her appear for NIFT entrance exam in 1999 where She decided to be a designer.
She was offered jobs at India's two top most leading designers Ritu Kumar and Ritu beri she along with her brother launched her own label of high end fashion wear.. but sudden demise of her brother left her shattered.She gave up finally and started leading life of her gender.
But being true to herself meant no design house hired her. She went into prostitution for 6 dark years. Till the barbaric judgement of supreme court announced transgenders as third genders. And she took her first step of opening her fashion grooming school called fashion gurukul in 2015.
In the same year, tehelka magazine took a note of her and decided to put her on the cover page. Since then there has been no looking back for naaz. She has walked many ramp shows including show stopper for save the pug in 2014 and rajasthan designer festival 2014.
She launched MIHM a platform for MARRIED INDIAN ladies to showcase their talent through a beauty pageant name MRS INDIA HOME MAKERS. in mere one and half years naaz has done six beauty pageant under the label MIHM and sent more than 18 women to compete for international pageants. Naaz herself won MS REPUBLIC INTERNATIONAL BEAUTY AMBASSADOR 2017 title and MS. UNITED NATIONS AMBASSADOR title. Recently she was among top 5 in the ranking of south Asian transgender models ruling fashion industry. With nepal at number one, pakistan and number 2 and naaz at number 3. This trans lady has proved that destiny can be changed through hardwork dedication and passion and is an inspiration to not only third gender but inspiration to entire man kind. Make your weaknesses into strengths and sky is the limit. Naaz is also a social activist and raises funds for NGO through her beauty pageants and tries to do little for the under privileged. Her aim is to spread happiness to people who perhaps did not support her when she needed them the most.
England comeback from 2 goals down to beat Spain 5-2 in the final to clinch their maiden FIFA U-17 World Cup title.


We love Huskies and so do lots of our friends. We have featured rescues like beautiful Laika and trick dog Maya and are planning a story on Husky Therapy Dogs.
Read: Is A Husky The Right Dog Breed For Me?
It was recently our husky pal Shelby's 9th Birthday from Gone To The Snow Dogs so we got inspired to try to make a husky-themed cupcake.
White Fondant – we bought a little box of ready made after checking ingredients were OK for Kilo (confectioners sugar, water, gelatin unflavored, glucose, cornstarch and glycerine). He doesn't actually seem that interested so I think I would just use low fat cream cheese mixed with a little low-fat yoghurt next time and maybe a marshmallow for the muzzle.
Divide evenly among cups and bake for 17-18 minutes or until a light golden colour on top.
Roll out fondant as thin as possible while still smooth.
Cut out 2 circles with a glass, take one circle and cut a thin triangle 1/3 down the centre. Set aside.
Next cut out two eyes, ears and triangles for a muzzle and a nose. I actually hand shaped them to make thicker and the right shapes. Shape a tongue too or use a strawberry cut to shape, then set aside. Dust hands to avoid sticking.
Lay the circle shape over the cupcake and layer on details.
With store bought cake decorating colours or fruit or veggies, add pink to the tongue and blue for the eyes. Let dry.
Lightly spread some carob paste onto the top of the face, then outline ears, eyes and dab the nose.
Kilo loved his little Husky friend and thoroughly enjoyed his job as official taste tester.
Kilo loved his little Husky friend and thoroughly enjoyed his job as official taste tester. He was disappointed when I took the cupcake away after a few licks – I think he thought his birthday was continuing. He did get to eat part of the little bowtie cookie after a few tricks and poses.
Do you have a favourite breed you would like to see us make? Let us know in the comments.
Those are just too cute! We love watching your demo videos. Can't wait to see what's next!
That is brilliant, cute too heheh!
Oh my goodness, your Dog Licks recipes are getting more adorable & delicious looking every week! Of course, being a Husky Mama, I'm especially fond of this one. It's the cutest & looks so delish! I think it's the most creative one yet. I pinned it to two of my Pinterest boards, my DIY board & my Snowdogs board!
Thanks Cathy, and guess who else inspired and who I'd love to feature in the therapy dog post.
That's so great! Shelby must be very proud that she inspired you to make this awesome cupcake!! Lovely cupcakes!
SO CUTE! I can't get over how much I love this series. I went to UConn and our mascot was a husky. This would be perfect for a little tailgating with Henry!
These are so darn cute that I would not want to actually eat them!
These are so cute! I love all of the different dogs you have been able to represent with cupcakes. 🙂 You could have a great animal rescue party with these.
These are adorable. What a fantastic idea!
Yes humans and dogs can eat them -they are not quite as sweet as aome human recipes as Kilo the official taster and I don't care. Sure. I can try to create Victor – I use the Carob for black.
You're too talented for me. Those look great!
You know this Siberian Husky momma loves this recipe! Will be making and sharing! So cute!
Yay- I thought of you.
Oh these are adorable! They're almost too good to eat. I bet your pups loved them!
These are so cute! I am so glad you started these and I hope you never stop!
Kilo thinks he deserves a cupcake every day!
Love it!!! Super stinking cute!
Thanks- if we get you to Toronto or meet up somewhere, I'll make some for your gang.


'You are too much in bed', Pastor dumped by wife.
Home Trending News 'You are too much in bed', Pastor dumped by wife.
It would appear getting a man with all the 'fireworks' in the bedroom isn't every woman's dream as a heavily pregnant Bulawayo woman stunned the court when she begged the magistrate to dissolve her union with her Pastor husband claiming s*x with him was 'too much to bear' as she was always experiencing excruciating pains during and after the act.
Susana Mumpande (32) a nurse, said instead of enjoying her conjugal rights with hubby Jared Mumpande(33), a chaplain with the Zimbabwe Republic Police, it turns out to be something else, apparently because of his s*xual aerobics.
Susan who got married to Jared following the breakdown of her first marriage, said her second union was not to be simply because of her husband's bedroom tactics.
Susan made the bizarre request after the Magistrate had asked her if she was wiling to go for counselling to resolve conflicts with her husband and improve their relationship.
That is when Susan refused, saying she was fed up of the bedroom 'game'.
The Magistrate's suggestion came after Susan claimed that her husband who is based in Gwanda was also verbally and physically abusing her.
"Jared has been verbally, physically and sexually abusing me since we got married. I was forced to leave our matrimonial home as a result of the abuses. The abuse has been so difficult for me especially taking into consideration the fact that I am heavily pregnant," she told the court.
Although Jared disputed some of his wife's claims, he did not deny giving her a 'torrid' time whenever they made love. He stressed however that his in-laws were the source of their marital problems as they were refusing to bless their marriage simply because he was from Binga.
"Her parents did not want her to stay with em saying I am from Binga. Whenever I send her messages, I will be asking her to come ad stay with me in Gwanda where I am based bus she is refusing opting to stay with her [parents despite the fact that we are legally married," he lamented.
The Magistrate, who was apparently left with no option, barred Jared from the alleged abuses and ordered the two parties to approach the right court for initialisation of divorce proceedings.


text:
Q: remove hover on submenu during media query Im trying to remove the hover on my submenu when the media query is active.  Right now it works how I want above 979px which displays the submenu on hover.  However, at 979px and below the menu changes.  Im trying to get the submenu to always display and can't seem to figure it out.  there is a link attached to the services button so when its pressed to display the submenu you are re-directed whcih is why I want to display the submenu all the time at media query.
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A: you can use display: block !important inside your media query to display your sub-menu on smaller screen.
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When you wish upon a star, be very careful!
A new novel from Neil Gaiman proves that fantasy for adults is aliveand well.
Set in early 19th-century England, Neil Gaiman's "Stardust" evokes the crisp style of the Brothers Grimm fairy tales. The author uses the magic and wonder of fantasy to depict what it is to be human.
Every nine years in the town of Wall, faeries present a market in a meadow on May Day. Eighteen-year-old Dunstan Thorn, in love with Daisy Hempstock, meets a stranger whom he believes has arrived from London to attend the faerie market. When Dunstan agrees to lodge him in his farmyard shack, the stranger offers him his heart's desire.
At the market the next day, the stranger leads Dunstan to a booth where he meets a woman whose "eyes were a deep violet, while her ears were the ears of a cat, perhaps, gently curved, and dusted with a fine, dark fur."
Enslaved to a witch, she sells flowers made of crystal. Dunstan offers the faerie maiden money for a flower he wants to give to Daisy, but she refuses and tells him his payment is one kiss on her cheek.
Here, we begin to see that in Gaiman's fiction, as in classic fairy tales, each action has a consequence. He kisses her "with goodwill!" and she asks him to meet her that night when the moon sets. After an evening of romance, Dunstan turns his attention to his village love, Daisy, whom he weds in June.
The story then jumps to Dunstan's half-faerie son, Tristran, who vows to win his village love, Victoria Forester. One evening they see a falling star streak through the sky, and Tristran turns to Victoria and declares his love to her.
Unfortunately, she doesn't share his affection. To put him off, she tells him that if he returns with the fallen star, a promise she knows he could never fulfill, she will grant him any wish he wants.
Tristran, nevertheless, attempts to accomplish the impossible. He enters into the land of faeries in search of the fallen star, which turns out to be something other than what he was expecting. Along the way, he learns the nature of true love and the sacrifice required to achieve it.
the violet eyes and whether or not he has earned the hand of Victoria.
Gaiman personifies various character traits as a way to reveal the emotions and spiritual caliber of humanity in all its beauty as well as its horror.
In Gaiman's most famous work, the 10-volume graphic novel series "Sandman," he presented such characters as Dream, Desire, Destiny, and the teenaged sister Death as backdrops against which very human characters face their dreams, desires, fears, and destinies.
Gaiman returns to these themes in "Stardust," using fairy tale witches and magical creatures to depict the emotions, fears, and courage of Tristran as he attempts to attain his quest for love.
Gaiman's prose is concise and, at times, beautifully poetic. Recalling one spritely lass, he notes that "her lips tasted like crushed blackberries."
Like Grimm's fairy tales, the story does contain violence. Also, a few sexual scenes mark this book for mature readers.
In a literary world that seems so full of Grishams and Clancys, its delightful to find a fresh tale that evokes not just contemporary fantasy but such otherworldly classics by Spencer and Shakespeare.
*Kurt Lancaster has taught science fiction at New York University and recently directed several science-fiction plays off-off Broadway.


AutoMD (www.automd.com) launched January 2010 as the most complete and unbiased free online automotive repair resource designed to empower car owners with the best and most affordable way to repair their vehicles -- whether they're heading to the shop or doing it themselves.
4. Find the right local shop at the right price for their issue.
AutoMD has a library of over 100,000 how-to repair guides. They include job difficulty ratings, as well as the number of hours it should take.
Through a series of questions that ask things like "What does it smell like? What area of the vehicle is the problem located in?" car owners can narrow down the problem to help ensure the correct diagnosis.
In addition, AutoMD's 'Fair Price' estimator can search over 10 million possible jobs using specific average labor costs for each zip code, hours to complete, and parts pricing data – down to engine size and sub-model.
AutoMD also provides Do-It-Yourself costs, including tools needed and parts pricing, empowering consumers and saving them even more money.
Unlike any other free site, AutoMD also provides car repair diagnostic tools, a repair shop finder tool, and a DIY Repair-apedia to help consumers save money and make their lives simpler!
Happy Friday Follow! I'm your newest follower :) I'd love for you to come visit me!
Thank you so much for posting this! I've been trying to find something like this site to figure out if the mechanics are overcharging me or giving the real price for the work.
Following from the FF link up.
Hope to see you at http://luvsjurn3.blogspot.com soon!
Welcome to Friday Follow!!!! I am now a Follower!!!
Do You Have The Post-Conference Blues?
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POM Wonderful - Here's to health!
Choose Life: Buzzed driving is drunk driving!


1960-1961 Plymouth Suburban V8 6.3L HI PERF.
1960-1961 Plymouth Savoy V8 6.3L HI PERF.
1962-1963 Plymouth Fleet Special V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1962-1964 Plymouth Savoy V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1962-1970 Plymouth Belvedere V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1962-1978 Plymouth Fury V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1965-1967 Plymouth Belvedere II V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1965-1970 Plymouth Fury II V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1965-1970 Plymouth Fury III V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1967 Plymouth VIP V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1968-1970 Plymouth GTX V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1968-1970 Plymouth Fury I V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1968-1973 Plymouth Satellite V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1968-1975 Plymouth Roadrunner V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1968-1976 Plymouth Valiant V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1970-1971 Plymouth Barracuda V8 5.2L EXC. 1962 W/HP ENG.
1967 Chevrolet Corvette V8 7.0L USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1968-1969 Chevrolet K20 Suburban V8 6.5L USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1969 GMC K15/K1500 Suburban V8 6.5L USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1969 Chevrolet Townsman V8 6.5L Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-USE W/M-55005 NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet P20 Van V8 7.4L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 GMC K35/K3500 Pickup V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet K20 Suburban V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet K30 Pickup V8 6.6L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 GMC C25/C2500 Pickup V8 6.6L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 GMC K15/K1500 Suburban V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 GMC C35/C3500 Pickup V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 GMC C15/C1500 Suburban V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet K10 Suburban V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet C20 Suburban V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet C10 Suburban V8 6.6L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet C10 Pickup V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet Estate V8 6.6L ,Use w/nylon guide-USE W/M-55005 NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-Exc. Spec. Hi-Perf.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970 GMC K25/K2500 Pickup V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.
1970-1971 GMC P25/P2500 Van V8 7.4L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1970-1974 GMC P35/P3500 Van V8 7.4L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet Nova V8 6.6L Exc. Spec. Hi-Perf.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-,Use w/nylon guide-USE W/M-55005 NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet K20 Suburban V8 6.6L ,Use w/nylon guide-Use w/nylon guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.52" O.A.L.-USE W/[M-55005] NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.52" O.A.L.
1965 Chevrolet Corvette V8 6.5L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1965-1966 Chevrolet Biscayne V8 6.5L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1966 Chevrolet Corvette V8 7.0L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1967 Chevrolet Malibu V8 6.5L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1967 Chevrolet Corvette V8 7.0L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-,Has integral steel guide-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.
1970 Chevrolet Estate V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.
1970-1971 GMC P25/P2500 Van V8 7.4L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1970-1974 GMC P35/P3500 Van V8 7.4L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1970-1974 Chevrolet P30 Van V8 7.4L Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Has integral steel guide-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet Kingswood V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet Camaro V8 6.6L Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet Nova V8 6.6L ,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.
1971 Pontiac Acadian V8 6.6L Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet Townsman V8 6.6L Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.
1971 Chevrolet Brookwood V8 6.6L Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.-Has integral steel guide-,Has integral steel guide-Spec. Hi-Perf.-Shaft w/slotted end 6.82" O.A.L.-MANUFACTURED W/ STEEL SHAFT GUIDE; ELIMINATES NYLON SHAFT GUIDE-,Shaft w/slotted end, 6.82" O.A.L.


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3 Museums to explore in Prayagraj
Allahabad district, officially known as Prayagraj district is one of the largest and the most populous districts of Uttar Pradesh state of India. The three rivers of India - Ganges, Yamuna and the mythical river of Sarasvati - meet at a point in the district, known as Sangam, considered holy by Hindus. Allahabad was once the capital of the United Province before independence. Allahabad is one of the largest educational hubs.
Anand Bhawan Museum AllahabadNear Balson Chauraha, Allahabad - Faizabad Road, Tagore Town, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211001, India
The Anand Bhavan is a historic house museum in Allahabad, India, focusing on the Nehru Family. It was bought by Indian political leader Motilal Nehru in the 1930s to serve as the residence of the Nehru family when the original mansion Swaraj Bhavan (previously called Anand Bhavan) was transformed into the local headquarters of the Indian National Congress. A planetarium named Jawahar planetarium is situated here.
Hotels near Ana...
Khusro Bagh Prayagraj (Allahabad)Lukarganj, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211016, India
Khusrau Bagh is a large walled garden and burial complex located in muhalla Khuldabad close to the Allahabad Junction railway station, in Prayagraj. The three sandstone mausoleums within this walled garden, present an exquisite example of Mughal architecture.
Hotels near Khu...
The Allahabad MuseumChandrashekhar Azad Park, Kamla Nehru Road, George Town, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
The Allahabad Museum is a national-level museum in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh established in 1931. known for its rich collection and unique objects of art, and is funded by the Ministry of Culture. Moreover, it is a premier research center for archaeologists, historians, and academicians and carries out extensive research activities and publications in archaeology, art, and literature. Its rock art gallery has the largest collection of prehistoric paintings displayed in India .
Hotels near The...
Map of Museums to explore in Prayagraj


Just came back from an Air show " Wings Over Homestead ". It was SO amazing!
Oh, by the way, Mao Mao went to the cockpit as well and sat on the copilot seat with the handsome pilot that we met! He even touched Mao Mao..haha! what a treat for Mao Mao!
Performers including Blue Angels, F-16, F-18 Super Hornet, Golden Knights, C-17…etc It was very nice show!
Also this is the first time that I ever went to Air force reserve base…It was very clean, clam place, they got everything including dorms, cafeteria and some buildings…not sure what they are but they are surely huge buildings.
Weather was great although too much wind but overall was very cool around 60-70…but wind made it feels like 60s. Sunny all day ( that's my favorite part! ) Oh, I was impressed by those people working in the Air Force. They are very friendly…I thought they might be very cool and not talk too much to us civilians in contrary, they are talkative and nice.


I qualified as a solicitor in the Court of Protection department in September 2014 and I am based in our Leeds office.
My speciality is assisting individuals with the management of their compensation award either through the Court of Protection or through the execution of a Personal Injury Trust.
I deal with applications to the Court of Protection for the appointment of a Property and Affairs Deputy (both lay and professional), Statutory Will applications and the execution of Personal Injury Trusts (both lay and professional).
I am also experienced in the preparation of litigation support statements and costs schedules to assist with the progression of personal injury and clinical negligence claims.


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I studied and studied before I got to de Novo, but nothing fully prepares one for running real digital campaigns for clients. My (now) friends at de Novo, were extremely generous in throwing me real life tasks for real life clients, but always being there to help me learn and cover my backside when I screwed up. More often than I want to admit, handing me authentic tasks took my coworkers more time and energy than just doing it themselves, but they continued to help me learn and continued giving me tasks.
Along with the generosity of everyone at de Novo, there was always a pervasive feeling of humility. One of the ways this often showed itself was through de Novo's "creative collective." It's always tricky brainstorming and putting your ideas out there for the group but doing this is one of the most inspiring things I got to do at de Novo. de Novians truly care about each other and also love ideas. The balance of being humble and generous with each other, but also working diligently to produce the best product for our clients is one of the things de Novo does best.
It's kind of strange to get to work with people that you genuinely enjoy being around, on projects that you genuinely find interesting, but that's what I got at de Novo. There's room for crazy ideas and off-color jokes and hard work and being your (weird) self. God bless each and every one of these weirdos that put up with a bumbling, 37-year-old weirdo that decided he was going to change careers and ended up interning at de Novo.
A Summer Through the Eyes of a Front Desk Girl - Get more insights on de Novo from our summer intern.
Is the Open Office Format Bad? - There's been a lot of discussion about the open office format and whether it's good or bad. Jen weighs in on the debate.
Both a Mentor and a Mentee Be - Mentoring and being mentored is something that we talk about a lot, but how does one go about finding a mentor and why?


Baradine replacement pads for Avid 5 disc brakes.
One pair of pads per packet. Price is per packet.
Avid is part of the SRAM group of companies that entered the cycling market in 1991. Avid manufactures a range of bicycle hydraulic and mechanical disc brakes, rim brakes and other braking components, such as pads and parts. For a safer and smoother cycling experience, bike disc brakes are one of the most important components. In competitive cycling situations, the bicycle brakes need to able to handle the pressure of sudden braking, and Avid's products can do this. The continuous production of high quality cycling brakes and bike components from Avid has earned them the respect of mountain bikers everywhere.
Sure, brakes stop your bike, but at Avid, our goal is to help you fly.
Our job is simple; to give you brakes that operate so predictably and effortlessly that you forget all about them and just and enjoy the ride. Whether you're blazing down a hill, picking your way through a rock garden or bobbing and weaving through the trees, nothing helps you go faster than knowing you're in control—and no one puts you in control like Avid.
The Bicycle Store is an authorised dealer of genuine Avid bike parts.


It is well‐known that Bayesian networks are so‐called because of their use of Bayes theorem for probabilistic inference. However, since Bayesian networks commonly use frequentist probabilities exclusively, is this sense they are not Bayesian. In this chapter it is argued that Bayesian networks that are objectively Bayesian, in other words those whose prior distribution is based on all and only the available information, have certain desirable properties and strengths over and above those based solely on the frequentist approach to probability. It is demonstrated, through an example, that these specially constructed graphical models may be used in otherwise intractable situations where data is unavailable or scarce and decisions need to be made.


text:
Chicago PD
Home › American Entertainment › 'Gold Rush': Meet Kayla Johanson, Newcomer Making Noise on 'White Water'
'Gold Rush': Meet Kayla Johanson, Newcomer Making Noise on 'White Water'
by Amy Myers November 22, 2021
written by Amy Myers November 22, 2021 3:02 pm
(Photo by David Paul Morris/Getty Images)
There's a new Gold Rush star at the riverbed, and she's a force to be reckoned with. Meet Kayla Johanson a gold diver who agreed to join Dustin Hurt's team. Prior to becoming a star on the show, Johanson was a one-woman operation that dredged her own metals since she was a teen. When she's not underwater searching for gold nuggets, she also operates her own online jewelry shop that uses gold she finds in the river.
Initially, with all of her varied success in both mining and jewelry-making, Johanson didn't have much need to join Gold Rush. However, Hurt needed extra hands on his team, and when he asked for her help, she didn't want to let him down. So, the soloist agreed to join the show to help Hurt with his new operation that required two teams, two dredges and, most importantly, two divers.
But while Johanson clearly had the experience needed to be a part of the mission, she worried that she wouldn't fit in with the rest of the crew. In the episode of Gold Rush that introduced the new star, she even admitted to being "a little nervous" about meeting everyone else. Because she had been working alone for so long, Johanson thought that perhaps she wouldn't adapt well to the group dynamic.
Soon, though, Johanson's first-day jitters gave way to a sense of determination. In a sneak preview clip that Gold Rush posted, fans saw the newcomer take action when Hurt's team struggled to get gold out of the ground.
"Someone's gotta show the boys how to do it," Johanson said as she prepared to dive. "Two dredges means two divers. Two divers means more gold."
Why 'Gold Rush' Star Dustin Hurt Needed Help From an Old Friend
Usually, Dustin Hurt doesn't need much help on Gold Rush. With his father by his side, the two run a tight operation with an experienced team of miners and divers. However, recently, the star revealed that his father wouldn't be by his side this season. Instead, he was exploring other mining opportunities elsewhere. This was partly to expand the family's legacy past the white water rapids of Alaska, but also to relieve the almost 80-year-old Fred Hurt from his post at the treacherous gold mining site.
With his dad gone, Hurt decided to create two teams instead of just one to double their productivity and, hopefully, their gold count. So far, the Gold Rush star is happy with his decisions as the only mine boss on the site.
"I think I made the right choice on that," Hurt told Looper. "We had some good people, and I don't know how much I can tell you about that. But we did get some good people. And I think it worked out just fine, the way we made it happen."


Whether you are an attendee of LESI 2017 or not, this feature will help you dive into the kaleidoscopic licensing world, which can drive your IP business forward. Johnny Chan reports.
A recent report on illicit trade gave Singapore a surprisingly bad score. Simon Lee reports.
At a glittering ceremony at the Weston Nusa Dua Resort, Asia IP will announce the winners of the 2016 Asia IP Awards. Here we highlight the shortlist.
Experts across jurisdictions share with Johnny Chan about the legal changes impacting the pharmaceutical industry as well as their handling of pharma cases large and small.


Society is constantly evolving, and so are our drinking habits. The Prohibition Hangover examines the modern American temperament toward drink amid the 189-billion-dollar-a-year industry that defines itself by the production, distribution, marketing, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Based on primary research, including hundreds of interviews with those on all sidesu--clergy, bar and restaurant owners, public health advocates, citizen crusaders, industry representatives, and moreu--as well as secondary sources, Garrett Peck provides a panoramic assessment of alcohol in American culture.
Alcohol has always had a special role in the United States. From 1620, when the Puritans were forced to land on Plymouth Rock because the Mayflower had almost run out of beer, until 1933, when Prohibition was repealed in an unprecedented move, the use of alcohol has been the baton by which the self-righteous have conducted antipleasure movements in America. In her well-researched, well-written book, Lori Rotskoff shows how the drinking of alcohol assumed another role: "workers forged a sense of class identity during their leisure hours ... passed in the familiar surroundings of the neighborh.
Introduction : alcohol commensality, identity transformations and transcendence / Dimitra Gefou-Madianou -- Female entertainers in Egypt : drinking and gender roles / Karin van Nieuwkerk -- Uses of alcohol among women : games of resistance, power and pleasure / Eleni Papagaroufali -- Drinking on masculinity : alcohol and gender in Andalusia / Henk Driessen -- Wine : life's blood and spiritual essence in a Greek Orthodox convent / A. Marina Iossifides -- Wine and men in Alsace, France / Isabelle Bianquis-Gasser -- Exclusion and unity, retsina and sweet wine : commensality and gender in a Greek agrotown / Dimitra Gefou-Madianou -- 'I can't drink beer, I've just drunk water' : alcohol, bodily substance and commensality among Hungarian Rom / Michael Stewart -- Drinking and masculinity in everyday Swedish culture / Gunilla Bjere'n -- No fishing without drinking : the construction of social identity in rural Ireland / Adrian Peace.
In a lively tour around the world and through the millennia, Uncorking the Past tells the compelling story of humanity's ingenious, intoxicating quest for the perfect drink. Following a tantalizing trail of archaeological, chemical, artistic, and textual clues, Patrick E. McGovern, the leading authority on ancient alcoholic beverages, brings us up to date on what we now know about how humans created and enjoyed fermented beverages across cultures. Along the way, he explores a provocative hypothesis about the integral role such libations have played in human evolution. We discover, for example.
In The spirits of America, Burns relates that drinking was "the first national pastime," and shows how it shaped American politics and culture from the earliest colonial days. He details the transformation of alcohol from virtue to vice and back again and how it was thought of as both scourge and medicine. He tells us how "the great American thirst" developed over the centuries, and how reform movements and laws sprang up to combat it. Burns brings back to life such vivid characters as Carrie Nation and other crusaders against drink. He informs us that, in the final analysis, Prohibition, the culmination of the reformers' quest, had as much to do with politics and economics and geography as it did with spirituous beverage.
When the youth of Soweto, in open insurrection in June 1976, smashed and burned eighteen state-owned liquor outlets and a similar number of bottle stores, they were not following the pattern of alcohol looting which often accompanies rioting. They were attacking symbols of state oppression and their anger stemmed partly from deep and complicated struggles over control of the access of blacks to alcohol in South Africa. From many published sources, official and unofficial, the social and economic importance of alcohol in black communities is glaringly evident. The subject has, however, received little systematic, scholarly attention to date. Liquor and labor in southern Africa breaks new ground in locating the study of alcohol use within the framework of southern African historiography.
Wine drinking culture in France has traditionally been a source of pride for the French and in an age of concerns about the dangers of 'binge-drinking', a major cause of jealousy for the British. Wine drinking and the culture associated with it are, for many, an essential part of what it means to be French, but they are also part of a national construction.
First published in 1987, Constructive Drinking is a series of original case studies organized into three sections based on three major functions of drinking. The three constructive functions are: that drinking has a real social role in everyday life; that drinking can be used to construct an ideal world; and that drinking is a significant economic activity. The case studies deal with a variety of exotic drinks.
"This book looks at alcohol consumption across cultures and what drinking means to the people who consume or, equally tellingly, refuse to consume, From Ireland to Hong Kong, Mexico to Germany, alcohol plays a key role in a wide range of functions religious, familial, social and even political. Drinking Cultures situates its consumption within the context of these wider cultural practices and reveals how class, ethnicity and nationalism are all expressed through this very popular commodity. Drawing on original fieldwork, contributors look at the interplay of culture and power in bars and pubs, the significance of advertising symbols, the role of drink in day-to-day rituals and much more. The result is the first sustained, cross-cultural study of the profound impact alcohol has on national identity throughout the world today."--Jacket.


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Q: How to make child model's field unique inside grandparent model's scope? Long story short, I have models relationships defined like this:
Project has_many :groups
Group   has_many :items
My goal is to make item names unique inside the project scope. Since :items
table does not have project_id foreign key defined, simply writing  add_index :items, :name, unique: { scope: :project_id } will not work. I'm new to rails, am i missing something? How can this problem be solved?

A: I think the best solution is to include project_id into items table and make (project_id, item_name) an unique index. To fill project_id column automatically, you can use before_save callback:
class Item
  before_save :fill_project_id_field

  private
  def fill_project_id_field
    self.project_id = self.group.project_id
  end
end

You can of course use validations, but it will not work well. As well as triggers (database side). They both assume you are the only one who works with database in the given moment. It's not always true, and you will end-up with data integrity problems, following this way.


The 6 Important Things Every Career Professional Should Know about LinkedIn.
Webinar - We'll send webinar connection information to all registered attendees prior to Jan. 3.
LinkedIn is undeniably the preeminent business networking platform online. It gives professionals from organizations and businesses across the world the ability to connect and demonstrate skills, services and products.
With 187 million users worldwide as of October 2012, the business opportunities that LinkedIn provides are immense. LinkedIn has become a central point in many of our clients' job searches, as well as our own networking activities.
Come join us in an interactive webinar to learn what all career professionals should know about LinkedIn!
Job seekers and other guests welcome!
Jason Alba is the CEO and creator of JibberJobber.com, a web-based system to organize and manage a job search (and the networking you do between job searches). Jason is a certified Personal Branding Strategist and popular blogger and speaker about career management and social tools for professionals.
Jason wrote I'm on LinkedIn – Now What???, one of the first books on using LinkedIn. He also wrote I'm on Facebook – Now What??? and is finishing two more books (Eight Lunches, for entrepreneurs and a book on social media etiquette).
Jason maintains several blogs including JibberJobber.com/blog, and contributes to the AOL Jobs blog. In his spare time, he created the LinkedIn for Job Seekers DVD. Jason has an IT and business background and earned a Computer Information Systems degree and an MBA.


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