Temple University (Temple or TU) is a state-related research university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1884 by the Baptist minister Russell Conwell. In 1882, Conwell came to Pennsylvania to lead the Grace Baptist Church while he began tutoring working-class citizens late at night to accommodate their work schedules. These students, later dubbed "night owls", were taught in the basement of Conwell's Baptist Temple, hence the origin of the university's name and mascot. By 1907, the institution revised its institutional status and was incorporated as a university.
As of 2017, more than 40,000 undergraduate, graduate, and professional students were enrolled in more than 500 academic degree programs offered at sites across the globe, including eight campuses across Pennsylvania, Rome, and Tokyo. Temple is among the world's largest providers of professional education (law, medicine, podiatry, pharmacy, dentistry, and architecture), preparing the largest body of professional practitioners in Pennsylvania.
Temple University was founded in 1884 by Russell Conwell, a Yale-educated Boston lawyer, orator, and ordained Baptist minister, who had served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Conwell came to Pennsylvania in 1882 to lead the Grace Baptist Church while he began tutoring working class citizens late at night to accommodate their work schedules. These students, later dubbed "night owls," were taught in the basement of Conwell's Baptist Temple, hence the origin of the university's name and mascot. The Grace Baptist Church quickly grew popular within the North Philadelphia area. A temporary board of trustees was created to handle the rapidly growing formalities associated with the church's programs. When the board conducted its first meeting they named Russell H. Conwell president of "The Temple College." Within the following months, Grace Baptist Church appointed a new board of trustees, printed official admissions files, and issued stock to raise funds for new teaching facilities. Regardless of whether they had the resources to support the school, Conwell's desire was "to give education to those who were unable to get it through the usual channels".
Philadelphia granted a charter in 1888 to establish "The Temple College of Philadelphia", but the city refused to grant authority to award academic degrees. By 1888, the enrollment of the college was nearly 600. It was in 1907 that Temple College revised its institutional status and incorporated as a university. Legal recognition as a university enhanced Temple in noticeable ways including its reputation, professional and graduate programs, overall enrollment, and financial support.
Over time, Temple expanded: Samaritan Hospital was founded, a Medical School was added, and Temple merged with the Philadelphia Dental College. After the merger, Temple officially reincorporated as Temple University on December 12, 1907.
There are many factors which I am not in a position to weigh. But there does appear to be at least a possibility that a suspension of such air strikes against North Vietnam, at the right time, might provide the Hanoi [communist] authorities with an opportunity, if they wish to take it, to inject some flexibility into their policy without appearing to do so as the direct result of military pressure.
The speech infuriated President Lyndon B. Johnson who, the next day at Camp David, took Pearson out onto the terrace and began "laying into [Pearson] in no uncertain fashion". Pearson later apologized for the speech.
Since 1965, Temple has been a Pennsylvania state-related university, meaning the university receives state funds, subject to state appropriations, but is independently operated.
Temple University has six campuses and sites across Pennsylvania, plus international campuses in Rome and Tokyo.
Red Owl, by Beniamino Bufano, at Temple University's "Alumni Circle"
The main campus is in North Philadelphia, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Center City. It occupies 118 acres; an estimated 12,626 students live on or near it. Events for students and the public include concerts, performances, clubs, exhibits and lectures.
The campus has notable landmarks which have accrued over its history. O'Connor Plaza surrounds the Founder's Garden between Polett Walk and Liacouras Walk. The bronze statue of an owl, the university's mascot, is a popular photo spot at the heart of main campus.
The Founder's Garden near Liacouras Walk, is the burial place of Russell Conwell, founder and 38-year president of Temple. A former Yale student, Civil War captain, Boston lawyer, and Philadelphia minister, Conwell used the income from his famous "Acres of Diamonds" speech to fund Temple as a place where working-class Philadelphians might receive higher education. It has been estimated that Conwell, who died at 82, helped more than 90,000 men and women pursue higher education. A bust of Conwell marks his grave. Another green area on campus is the Johnny Ring Garden. It is located near the faculty staff dining 'Diamond Club', and celebrates Conwell and Johnny Ring.
The Bell Tower sits at 110 ft. tall in the center of the Main Campus between Paley Library and Beury Hall. The surrounding plaza and grassy area, the largest "green space" on the urban campus, are commonly called "the beach". The area is a meeting place and hangout location for students and their protests, promotions, speeches, political campaigning, and charity drives. It also hosts various official events such as Spring Fling.
Health Sciences Campus (HSC) is in North Philadelphia, spanning Broad Street from Allegheny Avenue to Venango street. The campus is home to Temple University Hospital, a teaching hospital; Lewis Katz School of Medicine; School of Pharmacy; Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry; and College of Public Health.
Podiatric Medicine Campus is at the corner of 8th and Race street. The Foot and Ankle Institute, TUSPM Shoe Museum and Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine can be found at this location.
Center City Campus is across the street from Philadelphia City Hall. TUCC offers undergraduate and graduate courses and degree programs, as well as certificate and training programs, with classes offered primarily during the evenings and on weekends.
Ambler Campus, originally a junior college, hosts 325 faculty and 4,600 students, offering bachelor's and master's degree programs on a site with a 187-acre (757,000 m2) arboretum, 13 miles (21 km) from Temple's main campus.
Harrisburg Campus, in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, offers a variety of graduate degree programs, certificate programs, and professional development opportunities. The school has specialties in social work, public health, education, community and regional planning, and play therapy. The campus offers an evening and weekend course schedule designed in particular for working adults.
Temple University Japan (TUJ) is a branch campus in Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Temple University Japan is the oldest and largest campus of any foreign university in Japan. TUJ is a home for around 4,800 learners with students from approximately 60 countries around the world, including Japan, the United States, East and Southeast Asia, Russia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Europe. Non-degree enrollment is about 3,426 including Academic English and Continuing Education programs, and degree program enrollment is 1,389 (2016).
In addition to its core undergraduate program, TUJ offers graduate programs in law, business, and education; an English-language preparation program; continuing education courses; and corporate education classes. It also offers semester and year-long study abroad programs for U.S. undergraduates and law students (the latter is the first American Bar Association-accredited study abroad program in Asia).
After extended negotiations involving the U.S. and Japanese governments, Temple University Japan became the first recognized foreign university campus in Japan. As a result, its credits and degrees are recognized as being equivalent to those of Japanese universities and can sponsor visas for international students. Students are also given Japanese student identification cards and can obtain student discounts on train passes, mobile phone contracts, and other items.
The Temple Rome campus is in Rome, in the Temple's Villa Caproni, just north of Piazza del Popolo. The Villa Caproni offers living accommodations, shops and restaurants, and facilities for students. Its facilities include a 15,000-volume library – one of the largest English-language libraries in Rome, a computer center, academic classrooms, extensive art and architecture studios, an art gallery and student lounges. While studying in Rome, most students can also reside in the Residencia Candia, which is in the vicinity of the Vatican.
Students can live in several on-campus housing units: Morgan Hall, Johnson and Hardwick Residence Halls, James S. White Residence Hall, 1940 Residence Hall, 1300 Residence Hall, and Temple Towers Residence Hall.
The Johnson and Hardwick Residence Halls are 11-floor high rise facilities that are used as the traditional residence halls on the Main Campus. The buildings house around 1,000 Temple students every year. The Louis J. Esposito Dining Center is on the ground level of the Johnson and Hardwick Halls near the north end of Main Campus. The cafeteria is commonly referred to as J&H after the residence halls. The Esposito Dining Center is just one of three major cafeterias on campus. Johnson & Hardwick is home to three Living Learning Communities including Performing and Cinematic Arts, Major Exploration, and School of Media and Communication. Since 2006, the rooms and bathrooms in Johnson and Hardwick Residential Halls have been renovated. Restorations in 2010 included the renovation of a lobby with new entry points, security stations, office space, and lounge space. Most recently in the summer of 2017, both interior and exterior renovations to the residence halls were completed.
White Hall is a four-story complex that opened in the fall of 1993 and houses 558 newly admitted first-year students in two-person and four-person suites with private baths. It also includes two open-air courtyards, areas for TV viewing, exercising, and studying. White Hall is also home to three Living Learning Communities: Innovate and Create, Leadership, and Residential Organization for Community Service (ROCS).
470 first- and second-year students live in 1940 Residence Hall, opened in the fall of 1999. Residents live in two-person and four-person suites with private baths. Residents of "1940" enjoy game-rooms, a TV lounge, a multipurpose room for programming, and many study and social areas. In addition, 1940 hosts several Living Learning Communities: Architecture & Environmental Design, College of Engineering, Healthy Lifestyles, School of Sports, Tourism and Hospitality Management, Sustainability, and Tyler School of Art.
Opened in the fall of 2001, 1300 North and South accommodates up to 1044 newly admitted, returning, and transfer Main Campus students in suites on the first three floors and in apartments on the top two floors of the complex. 1300 is also home to the Honor's Program and the Leadership and Service Living Learning Communities. Residents of 1300 enjoy a TV lounge, a game room, and study and social areas. 1300 also contains several classrooms for Honors students.
A mixed-use residential, retail, and dining facility, the Mitchell and Hilarie Morgan Residence Hall and Dining Complex, opened in July 2013. On the corner of Broad Street and Cecil B. Moore Avenue, steps from the Broad Street Subway Line, the site contains three buildings surrounding a large terrace, and is designed to house nearly 1,300 students. The tallest of the buildings is the 27-floor Morgan Hall North, which is situated on the North end of the site. It contains 24 floors of residential space for both first-year experience students (transfers and freshmen) as well as returning students (sophomores, juniors, and seniors), a top floor event space, and retail space on the ground level. Connected to Morgan Hall North is the Dining Hall building, which runs along Broad Street and provides students with 5 dining options. Morgan Hall South is ten floors tall and houses first-year students, or freshmen. Both Morgan North and South are notable in that unlike other suite-style residence halls at Temple University, the rooms also include small kitchenettes with a cooktop, full fridge, and microwave. The suites include two bedrooms that share a common living area and private bathrooms. Both residence halls feature floor-to-ceiling windows covering the entire side of the building to provide views of the campus, Center City, and allow for extensive natural light to enter into all interior spaces of the building.
This six-story complex houses approximately 658 second year and transfer students and consists of two towers, East and West. This residence hall features three, six, and seven-person bedroom apartments, all with private bathrooms and fully equipped kitchens. Bedroom furniture, desks and chairs, and living room furniture are provided. Residents at Temple Towers have the option of choosing to be on the meal plan. Temple Towers is also home to the Global Living Learning Communities program.
Temple Towers offers a game room, social lounges (with a fireplace), study lounges, a TV lounge, a bike storage space, and computer stations with printing.
Podiatry Housing is a seven-story apartment building at 8th and Cherry Street in Center City Philadelphia. This complex is walking distance from a number of the city's finest shops and historical attractions.
The Peabody Residence Hall was another traditionally styled dormitory on the Main Campus. In 2006, the building celebrated its 50th anniversary. Peabody Hall was originally designed as a women's residence hall with a campus cafeteria in the basement. The residence hall building structure had undergone many renovations to better serve modern students including a study/conference room lounge, game room, computer lab, kitchen, new windows, and air conditioning. The Gertrude Peabody Residence Hall was also known to have been built on land that once occupied one of Russell Conwell's, Temple University's founder, original homes.
Announced before winter break in the 2017-2018 academic year, the University demolished Peabody Hall. A new, multi-purpose building is being explored to fill the location where Peabody stood.
The Temple University Police department is the largest university police force in the United States, with 130 campus police officers, including supervisors and detectives. All are Pennsylvania-certified law enforcement officers; each receives state-mandated police recruit training at an accredited state police academy.
The police keep watch on campus with the help of more than 600 security cameras and more than a thousand 1000-watt metal halide lamps mounted on campus roofs to mimic daylight.
Temple has two mass notification systems for emergencies, TUalert and TUsiren.
The Office of Sustainability was established on July 1, 2008, as a central resource focusing on four key areas: operations, academics, research, and outreach and engagement.
The Ambler campus' "Ambler College", which is home to the Community and Regional Planning, Landscape Architecture, and Horticulture Departments, changed its name in 2009 to the School of Environmental Design. The campus is also home to the Center for Sustainable Communities, a Sustainability-based research center.
Since 2008, the university has enacted policies that include purchasing from green vendors and conserving water and energy across campus; offered 46 undergraduate courses, 22 graduate courses and 12 General Education courses focusing on the environment and sustainability; set in place programs to administer grants and offer incentives for any research related to the environment or sustainability; and offered programs to help create a green culture, both at Temple and beyond.
In 2009, Temple announced Temple 20/20, a framework to guide development at its main campus. Among its goals, it will make Broad Street the center point of the university and include a new library for students and the community; a large new green space; a new science building and a high rise residence hall.
The university in 2014 adopted a new campus plan, Visualize Temple, with signature projects including a new library and quad in the heart of campus. A companion project, Verdant Temple, was announced in 2015 as a university strategy for updating and beautifying the school's open spaces, walkways and landscaping.
The Architecture building opened January 2012. The design incorporates an innovative glass curtain wall exterior "skin" that allows daylight to flood interior studios and classrooms while also providing dynamic views of the surrounding urban environment. The open plan of the structure enables collaboration within the design studios, supporting the experiential learning environment that is unique to design programs.
Mitchell and Hilarie Morgan Hall, a 27-story tower and ten-story mid-rise, opened September 2013. Mixed-use residence life facility contains student residences with 1,275 beds, laundry facilities, shared lobby areas, all-glass, two-story lounges with views of Center City; dining facilities; meeting rooms and event spaces; a major open landscape area; restaurant; coffee shop.
Pearson-McGonigle addition and renovations were completed during the summer of 2012. A major addition to and renovation of two existing athletic facilities to create one expanded facility. There are new and renovated training and support spaces for recreation services and NCAA Olympic Sports; Division One practice and training facilities for men's and women's basketball; five full basketball courts for students; rock climbing; juice bar; and new academic and advising space.
Science and Education Research Center was complete in spring of 2014. This new seven-story facility will support specialized research and instruction in technology-enhanced lecture halls, flexible classrooms, and research labs that are designed to enable collaboration and hands-on exploration in science and technology. New types of highly flexible wet and dry lab space for physics, materials science, chem-bio, computational science, and computer information sciences will enable new kinds of research to be conducted, and will provide research opportunities for undergraduates. The distinctive building exterior will be made of limestone panels and an energy-efficient glass curtain wall which uses daylight harvesting and exterior horizontal sunshades to reduce energy costs. The project will attain LEED Silver certification, and possibly LEED Gold certification due to the innovative design of the facility and the site.
In 2016, the university opened its Temple Sports Complex, adding fields for intramural and club sports. The following year, work was completed on Temple's Aramark Student Training and Recreation Complex, a multipurpose academic, athletics and recreation facility.
The university is currently building a four-story library that will stretch nearly a city block. The library, expected to be complete in 2019, will include a robot-powered book retrieval system.
On Jan. 18, 2018, Temple President Richard M. Engert announced that the university would take steps to advance its proposal of building a multipurpose facility, including retail space and a football stadium, on campus—including filing a project submission for review by the Philadelphia City Planning Commission.
Other recent campus projects including a revamped Founder's Garden and the debut of O'Conner Plaza, which included the addition of a water wall and an iconic bronze statue of an owl.
Temple University is designated as an "R1" Research University (Highest Research Activity) by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, and offers more than 500 degree programs at 15 schools and colleges and five professional schools, including programs in art, business, communications, education, engineering, liberal arts, music, science, and the health professions.
The Boyer College of Music and Dance is part of the Center for the Performing and Cinematic Arts at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in close proximity to the city's historic cultural institutions, including the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts, The Philadelphia Orchestra, Opera Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ballet, Philadanco and the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
The College of Engineering at Temple University includes five departments: Bioengineering, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Center for Engineering, Management & Technology. The college offers eight undergraduate programs (B.S.) and seven graduate programs (M.S., Ph.D.).
The College of Liberal Arts at Temple University includes 28 academic departments, offering 35 undergraduate majors and 36 minors. The Criminal Justice department is one of the leading criminal justice programs in the United States. The college offers 15 master's degrees and 13 doctoral programs.
Temple University's College of Public Health includes the departments of Communications Sciences and Disorders, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Services Administration and Policy, Kinesiology, Nursing, Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences and the School of Social Work. It is one of the largest colleges of public health in the United States. The College of Public Health offers bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees as well as certificate programs.
Temple University's College of Science and Technology houses the departments of Biology, Chemistry, Computer & Information Sciences, Earth & Environmental Science, Mathematics, and Physics. It is one of the largest schools or colleges of its kind in the Philadelphia region with more than 230 faculty and 4,000 undergraduate students.
The College of Science and Technology offers bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in all six departments as well as science with teaching bachelor's degrees through the TUteach program. CST's advanced Science Education and Research Center, which opened in 2014, is 247,000 square feet research center, home to 7 research center and institutes. The Center has 52 research labs and 16 teaching rooms, and cost $137 million.
The Fox School offers 15 undergraduate majors, 19 minors,10 professional masters programs, two PhD programs, and the school has a variety of international partnerships.
They ranked in the top 30 in the nation in the 2017 Times Higher Ed World University Rankings and top 80 in the world for undergraduate studies.
Klein College of Media and Communication (formerly, the School of Media and Communication) is one of the largest and most comprehensive schools of media and communication in the country. The school has about 3,000 undergraduate and graduate students, nearly 20,000+ alumni, and more than 60 full-time faculty members.
The School of Media and Communication was renamed the Klein College of Media and Communication on in 2017, in tribute to broadcasting pioneer Lew Klein.
In July 2014, Lewis Katz School of Medicine scientists were the first to remove HIV from human cells.
In October 2015, the school of medicine was officially named the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University in honor of Temple alumnus, former trustee, visionary leader and ardent supporter Lewis Katz.
The Temple University School of Pharmacy (TUSP), on the Health Science Campus of Temple University in Philadelphia, is one of 6 schools of pharmacy in Pennsylvania conferring the doctor of pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degree. It also confers the Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy) and M.S. (masters of science) degrees in pharmaceutical sciences.
The Tyler School of Art was originally in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania and was donated by Stella Elkins Tyler in the 1930s to dedicate as an art school. That campus was closed and the school moved to the main campus in Philadelphia in 2009. It hosts arts and design programs including but not limited to painting and drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, glass, photography, fiber and materials, jewelry and metals, architecture, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing, and graphic design programs.
Tyler is ranked number 15 in fine art schools in the United States by U.S. News & World Report.
The School of Theater, Film and Media Arts (TFMA) is part of the Center for the Performing and Cinematic Arts at Temple University, which also includes the Boyer College of Music and Dance. Along with the Center, TFMA was created in 2012.
TFMA offers BA and BFA programs in 13 concentrations in disciplines from musical theater to cinematography, screenwriting to theater design. Graduate programs include MFA programs in Film and Media Arts, Musical Theater Collaboration, Acting, Design, Directing and Playwriting, as well as MA programs in mediaXarts and Musical Theater Studies and a PhD in Documentary Arts and Visual Research.
The Beasley School of Law was founded in 1895. With a reported enrollment of more than 860 students in Fall 2017, the school trains students with programs focused on trial advocacy, transnational law, and taxation, among others. The school offers full- and part-time programs, offering evening classes for working students. As of 2018, U.S. News & World Report ranked the school the 47th best law school in the United States.
The College of Education has more than 2,140 students (undergraduate, graduate programs, and non-matriculating students). Founded in 1919, the college is organized into three departments: Teaching & Learning, Policy, Organizational & Leadership studies, and Psychological Studies in Education. The college has a longstanding relationship with the School District of Philadelphia, helping to teach and prepare future educators for the city.
Temple's School of Social Work, part of the College of Public Health, offers full-time, part-time and online programs. It had an enrollment of more than 600 students in Fall 2017.
Temple's School of Podiatric Medicine is a school of podiatry. The school's Foot and Ankle Institute is the largest podiatric medical treatment facility anywhere, logging more than 40,000 patient visits annually. Students also train through programs through Temple University Health System.
With nearly 700 students, the Kornberg School of Dentistry has been educating dental students since 1863—making it the second oldest dental school in continuous existence in the United States. The school's clinic offers services including routine dental care and prevention to children's dentistry, orthodontics, emergency care, and implants.
The School of Sport, Tourism and Hospitality Management houses the Sport Industry Research Center and the U.S.–Asia Center for Tourism & Hospitality Research. More than 1,100 students were enrolled in its undergraduate and graduate programs as of Fall 2017.
Temple offers study-abroad opportunities at its campuses in Rome and Tokyo, and semester and summer programs in London, Rome, Japan, Dublin, Germany, France, China, South Africa, Spain, Ecuador, and Australia.
In January 2006, the university opened the TECH Center, a 75,000 sq ft (7,000 m2) technology facility.
In U.S. News & World Report's 2018 rankings, Temple is tied for 53rd among U.S. public universities, tied for 106th among all national universities and ranked tied for 385th globally. Temple undergraduate college is among the top colleges profiled in The Princeton Review's The Best 382 colleges (2018). Temple's Arts and Humanities faculty, Social Science and Management faculty, Life Science and Medicine faculty are ranked 182nd, 339th, 350th respectively in the world in 2014 by QS World University Rankings. Temple's Social Science faculty is also ranked 51-75 in the world in 2016 by ARWU. Temple is ranked 90th out of 900 U.S. institutions in National Science Foundation's 2016 Higher education Research and Development Survey.
In 2016, Temple received $246.3 million in research funding, ranking it 90th out of 905 institutions in the NSF's Higher Education Research and Development Survey.
As of 2018, about 11,000 students live on or around Temple's main campus. University officials have tried various things, including building facilities, to encourage students, faculty, and staff to live and work nearby.
Recreational facilities on and around main campus include the Howard Gittis Student Center, which has a movie theater, food court, underground multi-purpose room, game room, computer lounge, and meeting and office space for student groups and organizations. Exercise facilities include the Independence Blue Cross Student Recreation Center (commonly referred to as IBC), which provides 59,000 square feet (5,500 m2) of fitness facilities; the Student Pavilion, a 4-court field house for volleyball, basketball, badminton, floor hockey, indoor soccer, tennis, golf, and more; and Pearson/McGonigle, TU Fitness, and the Geasey Field Complex. The Recreation Center is part of the Liacouras Center, which also includes the home court of the Temple basketball team and various entertainment venues.
In 2017, the Aramark Student Training and Recreation Complex (commonly referred to as STAR) was built, which includes a new climbing wall and the weight room. There is also academic classrooms for the College of Public Health, administrative offices, a Jamba Juice and a 75-yard turf field.
Cherry and White are the official school colors of Temple University. Temple was the first school in the nation to officially use cherry as one of its colors, and the only other current school uses the cherry and white combination: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. The only other large university that uses cherry is the University of New Mexico. Cherry is a common motif at Temple, from the Cherry Crusade fan club to the Cherry and White Directory. In 2008, Temple standardized the cherry color to be Pantone Matching System (PMS) 201.
The university's symbol, the Temple "T", was designed by students in a graphic arts and design class in the Tyler School of Art in 1983. The "T" represents strength and positive character, with the open ends showing the free exchange of ideas that is the hallmark of a Temple education. The Temple T is referenced in the school's cheer, T For Temple U.
T For Temple U is a cheer performed at many sporting events, pep rallies, and school celebrations. The song was written in the 1980s by a member of the Temple University Diamond Marching Band. T For Temple U is accompanied by arm motions that create the shapes of the letters T and U. Temple's official fight song is "Fight, Temple, Fight!"
The owl is the symbol and mascot for Temple University and has been since its founding in the 1880s, making it the first school in the United States to adopt the owl as its symbol. The nocturnal hunter symbolized Temple's early mission: to be a night school for ambitious young people of limited means. Russell Conwell encouraged these students, saying, "The owl of the night makes the eagle of the day." In 1977, Temple introduced "Victor T. Owl," a costumed mascot, which was then renamed Hooter in 1984, and has remained Temple's mascot at sports games and events since. Stella, Temple's live owl mascot, was born in 2010 in Washington State. She was raised and trained by Master Level Falconer, Clarence C. Lupo. She arrived in Pennsylvania in 2011 and lives in the Elmwood Park Zoo in Norristown, Pennsylvania. Stella is one of two live owl mascots in Division 1 athletics, the other being Florida Atlantic University's Hera.
Temple has hosted fraternities and sororities for more than 100 years. As of 2018, 28 organizations are part of the Temple University Greek Association, while the Greek population has more than doubled in recent years to more than 1,600 undergraduates.
Temple University has more than 300 student organizations for a variety of interests academic, professional, political and advocacy, service, religious, cultural and international, arts, entertainment, recreation and leisure, and media and publishing.
The Temple University Graduate Students' Association (TUGSA), which is affiliated with the American Federation of Teachers and the AFL-CIO, is the only recognized graduate student employee union in Pennsylvania. Formed in 1997, TUGSA is a union that advocates for graduate students that are employed by the university as teaching or research assistants.
The Main Campus Program Board is a student-run organization that plans the premiere events for the Temple student body. They specialize in large-scale events for the student community on Main Campus, organize trips to locations throughout the region, plan student Homecoming events including the annual Homecoming concert, and host speakers, comedians, and novel events.
The Temple News is the editorially independent weekly newspaper of Temple University. It prints 5,000 copies to be distributed primarily on Temple's Main Campus every Tuesday. A staff of 25 plus more than 150 writers design, report and edit the 20-page paper. In 2008, the paper's Web site, temple-news.com, received the National Online Pacemaker Award from the Associated Collegiate Press. In 2015, the paper also won the print counterpart, the National Pacemaker Award. In 2009, the paper's staff won eight Keystone Press Awards. Templar, Temple University's annual undergraduate yearbook, was created in 1924. During 2017, the yearbook received a national second-place award from the American Scholastic Press Association. WHIP, an acronym that stands for We Have Infinite Potential, is Temple University's student radio station. It started broadcasting using Carrier Current in the Student Center before moving its studios to the TECH center. WHIP also gets increased visibility in a top-five media market as one of iHeartRadio's top college radio stations.
Temple University's sports teams are the Owls: a name born from Temple's early days when it was a night school. The sports teams all participate in the NCAA's Division I and the American Athletic Conference (The American). The Owls moved after spending the previous 31 years in the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10). The field hockey and lacrosse teams are affiliate members of the Big East Conference. The Owls are also part of the Philadelphia Big 5, the Philadelphia-area basketball rivalry. Temple University was among the first institutions in the United States to sponsor extracurricular athletic activities for its students when both the football and basketball programs were inaugurated in 1894 under the direction of Coach Charles M. Williams.
Temple's football program dates back to 1894 and currently plays Division I FBS football in the American Athletic Conference.
On December 17, 2012, Matt Rhule [pronounced rule] was named Temple's 26th head football coach. He had most recently served as the assistant offensive line coach with the New York Giants. Rhule was an assistant coach for the Owls for six seasons, ending in 2010-11 when the program went 9–4 and played in the fourth bowl game in school history, the Gildan New Mexico Bowl, where the Owls defeated Wyoming, 37–15 – Temple's first postseason victory since the 1979 Garden State Bowl. In 2015, they posted a school-record-tying 10 wins and 4 losses.
Temple won the 2016 American Athletic Conference Football Championship Game to secure its first conference championship since 1967. On December 13, 2016, Geoff Collins was named Temple's 27th head football coach. Before taking the position, Collins had served as defensive coordinator for the University of Florida Gators that ranked among the nation's best during his two seasons on staff.
Collins took the Temple Owls to the Bad Boy Mowers Gasporilla Bowl in 2017 in which the Owls defeated the Florida International Golden Panthers 28 to 3.
The Temple Men's basketball program is ranked 5th in all-time NCAA wins with 1,903 starting the 2017-2018 season. Only Kentucky, Kansas, North Carolina, and Duke have a higher total.
Temple is recognized as having won the first-ever National Collegiate basketball championship in 1938, under Coach James Usilton. That Owls team, which finished with a 23–2 record, won the inaugural National Invitation Tournament by routing Colorado 60-36 in the championship final. Because the NCAA Tournament was not held until the following year, Temple's NIT championship earned the Owls the first national college basketball title. During the 1950s, the Temple basketball team made two NCAA Final Four appearances (1956, 1958) under legendary Head Coach Harry Litwack. Litwack would be inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame after concluding a 21-year coaching career that included 373 wins.
Head Coach John Chaney, who is also a Hall of Fame coach, won a total of 724 career games and took Temple to the NCAA tournament 17 times. His 1987–88 Owls team entered the NCAA tournament ranked #1 in the country, and he has reached the Elite Eight on five different occasions. He was consensus national coach of the year in 1988.
On April 10, 2006, University of Pennsylvania head coach and La Salle University alumnus Fran Dunphy was named the new Temple's Men's Head Basketball coach after Chaney's retirement in conclusion of the 2006 season. Dunphy had coached the Quakers for 17 straight seasons prior to the move. Dunphy and the Owls won three straight Atlantic-10 tournaments in 2008, 2009 and 2010, with the third marking a conference-leading ninth A-10 title. In the 2011-12 season, the Owls won the A-10 regular season title.
Heading into the 2015-16 season, the program owned a 116-year win-loss record of 1,849-1,024. The Owls' history also includes 48 postseason tournament appearances (31 NCAAs, 18 NITs), two Final Four appearances (1956 and 1958) under Harry "The Chief" Litwack, five regional finals in the last 22 years under John Chaney (1988, 1991, 1993, 1999 and 2001), NIT championships in 1938 and 1969, and two Naismith Basketball Association Hall of Fame Coaches in Litwack and Chaney. Temple is one of eight schools that have competed in the last six NCAA Tournaments, as of 2013.
There are more than 320,000 Temple alumni currently living in 50 states and 143 countries.
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text:
San Antonio Review (Volume V | Summer 2021)
ProseEssaysAlternative History Lessons
10.21428/9b43cd98.b5da6959
The long history of the end of slavery.
Slavery didn't end in the United States on January 1, 1863, with President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. As the National Archives notes, the proclamation
applied only to states that had seceded from the United States, leaving slavery untouched in the loyal border states. It also expressly exempted parts of the Confederacy (the Southern secessionist states) that had already come under Northern control. Most important, the freedom it promised depended upon Union (United States) military victory.1
Page three of "The Emancipation Proclamation" specifies the states to which it applies. Source: National Archives, 6 Oct. 2015, https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured-documents/emancipation-proclamation.
In fact, it wasn't until the summer of 1865 — two and a half years after the proclamation — that slaves in Texas were informed of their freedom.
On June 19, 1865, Union Major-General Gordon Granger read General Order No. 3 to the people of Galveston. It stated:
The people of Texas are informed that, in accordance with a proclamation from the Executive of the United States, all slaves are free. This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor. The freedmen are advised to remain quietly at their present homes and work for wages. They are informed that they will not be allowed to collect at military posts and that they will not be supported in idleness either there or elsewhere.
Original version of General Order No. 3 from General Gordon Granger. Courtesy of the United States National Archives.
General Orders, No. 3. U.S. House, 54th Congress, 1st Session (H. Doc. 369, Part 2). "General Order Number 3," 1896. U.S. Documents Collection. Y 1.1/2: SERIAL 3437
Juneteenth, celebrating this announcement of abolition over two years after the proclamation, is the name given to Emancipation Day by African Americans in Texas.2 Similar celebrations are also called Freedom Day, Jubilee Day, Juneteenth Independence Day, and Black Independence Day.3
The practice of slavery didn't end in the United States didn't end on Juneteenth either, though.
As the Congressional Research Service remarks in its factsheet for elected officials,
Even after the general order, some slave masters withheld the information from their enslaved people, holding them enslaved through one more harvest season.4
The Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution passed January 31, 1865, but wasn't ratified by the required 27 of the then 36 states until December 6, 1865, and proclaimed on December 18, 1865:
13th Amendment/Amendment XIII
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.5
This ended slavery in the Union border states of Delaware, Maryland and Kentucky.
Yet still officially sanctioned slavery survived in the United States.
For a few months more, Native American tribes on "Indian territory" were allowed to continue to hold slaves, as explained by J. Gordon Hylton:
By Indian Territory, I refer to that part of the unorganized portion of the American public domain that was set apart for the Native American tribes. More specifically, I use the term to refer to those lands located in modern day Oklahoma that was set aside for the relocation of the so-call "Civilized Tribes" of the Southeastern United States: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole.
These tribes were the only Native American groups to formally recognize the institution of African-slavery. As Southerners, the Civilized Tribes had accepted the institution of African-slavery, and at the outset of the Civil War, African-American slaves made up 14% of the population of Indian Territory occupied by the civilized tribes.
As it turns out, neither document applied to Indian Territory, and consequently, slavery survived in that part of the United States for several months after it was abolished everywhere else with the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December, 1865.6
Slavery didn't officially end in the United States until treaties with each of the Civilized Tribes were entered into in mid-1866, more than three years after the Emancipation Proclamation.
. . . in each of the 1866 treaties the tribal signatory acknowledged that slavery would no longer be recognized as a legal institution by the tribe.
If we simply go by the dates on which the Tribes ratified these treaties, slavery in the continental United States came to an end as a legal institution on June 14, 1866, when the Creek Tribe agreed to abandon African-American slavery. The was, somewhat ironically, the day after Congress approved the Fourteenth Amendment.7
Art by Camila Rosa / Courtesy: Amplifier
Slavery's end in the United States has a long, delayed, long-delayed and staggered history.8 Official recognition of Juneteenth celebrations traversed a similar path until the summer of 2021.
Juneteenth celebrations began in Texas and spread to other parts of the country as Black people migrated over the years. It was declared an official state holiday by Texas in 1980.9
On June 15, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed by unanimous consent Senate Bill 475, declaring Juneteenth a federal holiday.10
On June 16, 2021, the U.S. House of Representatives passed Senate Bill 475.11
Image of Congressional Record — Daily Digest of June 16, 2021. Available at Congress.gov.
The following representatives voted against recognition:
Rep. Chip Roy of Texas
Rep. Ronny Jackson of Texas
Rep. Andy Biggs of Arizona
Rep. Mo Brooks of Alabama
Rep. Andrew Clyde of Georgia
Rep. Scott DesJarlais of Tennessee
Rep. Paul Gosar of Arizona
Rep. Doug LaMalfa of California
Rep. Thomas Massie of Kentucky
Rep. Tom McClintock of California
Rep. Ralph Norman of South Carolina
Rep. Mike Rogers of Alabama
Rep. Matt Rosendale of Montana
Rep. Tom Tiffany of Wisconsin
President Joe Biden signed the legislation on the afternoon of June 17, 2021.12
Image from whitehouse.gov.
William O. Pate II is the founding editor and publisher of San Antonio Review.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Matthew Lumsden, CEO of Connected Energy, believes second life electric vehicle batteries could play a major role in balancing the grid – and potentially help companies earn more money than via new storage systems that are bound by warranty constraints.
Others share his conviction. Engie and Macquarie recently invested £3m in his company, which takes second hand battery packs from Renault electric vehicles, to create storage systems ranging from 60kWs to megawatts.
These systems can be used more intensively than some warranties for new batteries allow. That means owners can maximise cycling to take a larger share of the spoils currently available.
Speaking at The Energyst Event, Lumsden cited Bloomberg projections of a global non-automotive storage market of about 300GW a year by 2030, with second life batteries representing somewhere between 40GWh and 340GWh a year at that point.
That creates a significant liability for car manufacturers, said Lumsden, but an equally significant opportunity to harness proven technology. He says the systems can be used for providing flexibility services, renewables optimisation, peak shaving and arbitrage while boosting resilience.
Lumsden adds a "surprising" number of enquiries are also based around sustainability.
Asked how the system compares with a new storage system on whole life cost, Lumsden says the key comparator is whole life revenue.
"If we use the batteries as productively as we can to maximise revenue, it might mean faster degredation," he says.
"The trade off is higher lifetime costs but more revenue. Or you can use them less intensively: the batteries degrade more slowly, and therefore you have lower lifetime costs, but that approach does not optimise revenue," says Lumsden.
Lumsden says the batteries Connected Energy uses are typically seven years old and about 25% degraded. As such, the footprint of its systems is "around 50% bigger" than a new system. Lumsden says the company is not attempting to make them as small as possible, more "on creating robust, low cost, versatile systems".
While Connected Energy promotes opportunities around intensive use, Lumsden says its second life batteries are inherently safe.
"We use the battery packs exactly as they are provided by manufacturer. So they benefit from all the OEM's investment in terms of controls and safety mechanisms," he says.
Connected Energy's power control module "talks to batteries in their own language" via the CAN protocol, he adds, so that the battery is controlled in the same way as it is in the vehicle. In effect, it doesn't 'know' it is not still in a car.
"So providing frequency services, for example – short, sharp peaks of charge and discharge – is very similar to somebody putting their foot on the accelerator and the breaking cycle of an electric car," says Lumsden.
The company is talking to both public and private sector end users. Dundee City Council will use one of its boxes as part of a solar-battery EV charging port. Meanwhile, Lumsden says industrial and commercial companies are interested for all the usual behind-the-meter applications, with firms able to visit the company's Norfolk R&D centre to see "how it works in the flesh".
Lumsden says aggregators "certainly those with larger portfolios" are also interested in adding high-cycling assets to their portfolios "to run as often as is commercially sensible".
I have solar panels on my roof, and now marketing information-exchange has resulted in a number of phone calls from people wanting to sell me new batteries to enable me to meet electricity demand in the evening using power stored in the day. Nobody suggests lithium-ion, but NiMh or even lead-acid (needing too much maintenance). Entry cost is a minimum of £2K,, not justifiable for a one-person household (since I need an additional card in the invertor at £500?). But part-used lithium ion might be cost effective, particularly since a 15KWH (originally 30) battery should get me through 3 or more overcast days in summer. At a Loss to the Grid of course, where the money is better used in turning off gas turbines.. But without a Smart Meter, nobody will see the reduction in feed-in tariff that would otherwise occur. Just tossing ideas around for now.


I look forward to reading it 🙂 Going to try to download it now.
Thanks, I really hope you enjoy it (or, parts of it…). You've experienced a lot of the 'post Camino time', and it's always a transition when returning home, isn't it?
I did enjoy it! It was just like your blog! I guess because I've only done 8 days at most in a row, I haven't had to deal with the transistion as much as someone who is lucky enough to have time/money to do it all at once. I still wish I were on the Camino 24/7/365 though!
I subscribed and clicked the confirmation but the links just keep returning me to the subscribe form rather than taking me to the book. How do I get to the book?
There should be a second, separate email that comes through, with the link to the book. Maybe check again or refresh your email and see if it's there? If you are still having trouble let me know, and I'll find a way to get the book to you!


a lot of the time it wont fire because it doesnt vent properly and u dont have enough oxygen in the chamber. you can install a fan in yours like i did or hold it up to a fan to blow out the vapors. also try spraying in the propellent for a seccond then putting in the potato it pushes the air in the barrel down into the chamber.
i recomen useing Mapp gas and oxygen mixture. It is the 2 hottest burning comericial fules. Used for welding you can buy it at homedeopot.
Please don't suggest using oxygen to the newbs... it's not really safe to be playing around with enriched oxygen combustion in brittle plastic pipes.
at my local OSH they had these cans of butane!!


text:
Choose Your Own Adventure- West Coast Never Agains
While visiting friends and SoCal a few weeks ago, Derek and Ivette, we did a lot of things. A ton of things! Derek insisted we see and do some things, and Ivette had a few ideas herself- like the Donut Bar where I want to live. But San Diego's Little Italy was meh, Mamba-Con (the candy) was rad and I realized that San Diego proper is just another city.
Ivette and I later were discussing a list of things that she always recommends as a resident versus stuff that is built for tourism. I found I mostly agreed with her side of it, and would rather spend time doing normal things than wasting time driving here and there, overpaying for food and getting the stereotypical California experiences. (I expanded into all of the vacation spots we hit)
So, on to the BEEF!
Some California stuff that costs a lot that you can probably just skip:
Some of the more touristy trap stuff like LegoLand or SeaWorld are not necessary. Especially if you don't have kids because over 50% of the Lego park is kids only stuff so you'll feel creepy and walk around aimlessly a lot.
In'N'Out Burger, Carl's Jr and Jack in the Box- If you're a vegetarian you won't die of starvation (vegan maybe because who knows what's in their stuff), and I GUESS these are what Californians call a staple, but it's fast food garbage. At In'N'Out I got a grilled cheese which was literally just one slice of melted cheese on a not toasted at all bun. It cost me $2.60 and about 6 minutes of wait time. Not worth it. Better to go to a real restaurant for your meal if you're looking to eat out at a true CA place, not a chain. I don't know why people ask if we've gone there when we get home instead of actual places worth going and talking about like Miguel's in Chula Vista where we watched them make masa. Way more fun.
Derek insisted that we need to see Balboa Park in SD because it's "what to do in town for tourists." It had some cool views but nothing that you couldn't see in almost any other area. Plus, seeing a botanical garden in late July in 95* heat- everything's dead or dying. So, not as pretty. Not a waste of time, but I think it wouldn't have mattered if I saw it or not. Did catch some Pokemon, though, and pet a tiny dog.
Wonderspaces art installation at the Port of San Diego. Pretty cool stuff, and Ivette had gotten us tickets on the encouragement of a work friend. It was really clever but not for the price and the time spent waiting just to get in. I think it's so popular because it's more exclusive- they have an allotment of tickets each day and that's it, unlike a regular gallery. So that exclusivity is the trendy must-have thing, not the art itself. Sorry.
Speaking of, Port of San Diego is something I guess everyone is "supposed to do" while in town. It's nice and all, and the ocean is always magical and some of the street artists rule, but meh. We stopped at Buster's Beach House for lunch and I had horrible and overpriced soggy cheese pizza but pretty good overpriced iced tea. The rest of the area was almost as bad as the Chinese Theatre in Hollywood for trying to get photos of anything worth a damn.
Julian- as mentioned, we went and it was nice but touristy. I know it's a real small town where real small town people live and bake pies and all that, but seriously, not ALL pies can be "THE BEST" like they all say. Everything there was the best of whatever it was according to many wooden signs posted in font of everything. It took us longer to get to Julian from Chula Vista than it did to actually walk Julian, because it's tiny- about a block and a half front and back. The cliffs were really cool, but again, you could see similar views from almost anywhere on that side of Cali.
Santa Monica food: Pretty much anything in LA traffic is a bust. We attempted to park a few times for the US Bank tower and just wound up driving all the way to Santa Monica instead, where I fell in love with Venice Beach for no real reason! The Ice cream at the pier was delish but almost all the other food was a bust. Chris and I went to Seaside for some chow (I got the overly salted spinach dip and he got a pizza with the largest pepperoni I have ever seen in my life). We met up with an online friend Kiyoko on the pier, walked the boardwalk and got some dry-ass macarons together. It was an expensive day in food but I still liked it at the piers. I'm just saying- if you can avoid restaurants, do it.
Most of LA stinks, really. If you're not working in LA and you're there on a weekday it's strange. Everyone around you is walking about during their work errands (but there's something fun to be said about being able to do work errands that require walking in the sunshine with headphones on while in business casj) but really, you'll stick out as a tourist AND feel like one no matter what you do, and that will get you some nasty glances and eye rolls. Also Hollywood is kind of disgusting. The Hollywood you see at awards is cleaned up and roped off for special occasions like the time Detroit hosted the SuperBowl and they cleaned up the litter and shuffled the homeless into distant shelters for a few weeks. That Hollywood is not real and the real one is trashy. Worth seeing once, but not a place to live or visit again.
Grand Canyon stuff worth mentioning:
Grand Canyon Destinations bus tour: I'd recommend the tour but only if you're in Vegas for quite a while, not just a few days. Also if you're a vegetarian or vegan- bring your own lunch. The salad option you're given on the tour will not only not fill you up, but the injustice of it compared to the carnivore's lunch will annoy you all day. (I got a half salad and tortilla chips while my meat-eating hub got a full turkey sandwich, cookies, apple and chips) Then we stopped at In'N'Out for dinner- which again, vegetarians- not the best. So I was hungry almost all day and super grumpy about it. So, plan ahead.
At the Canyon itself there is a hotel and diner- but it's so expensive (and busy) that it's almost worth the money and time saved to just eat a snack and be hungry for a while. We did get ice cream, though!
Vegas stuff that's fun in theory but just a disappointment once you're there:
Casinos- they're packed with everyone. I expected them to be packed but not like high school hallways. Or kids. So many kids and teens! It's 2am, why is your baby out on the street holding hands with a toddler?? Plus they no longer supply free alcohol to keep you there. So if you don't care to gamble much more than a few bucks there's nothing worth staying for unless you want second-hand smokers cough from the ladies at the slots next to you.
Freemont Street Experience- really cool stuff but almost too much. I love kitch stores with dollar shot glasses and 13 cent postcards BUT it's hard getting there (and around once inside) because everyone moves like molasses here and the "band" on the loud speaker is just a bunch of pop covers sung off key. If you hate crowds like Chris does, you will hate this place. Some of the artists here are great, like the bucket drummers or authentic looking superheroes but you will also see a lot of scantily clad females shaking things for dollars, which works for them but is also kind of sad that they do it and that people pay for a photo with a girl in a bra or a guy in a banana hammock. Like Hollywood, saw it once, marveled at a few things, never have to go again.
Circus Circus Hotel- fun in theory and in photos, and marketed well but when you get there- the room is nice but there are too many kids, too many people who don't understand elevators (what?) and the shows they promote having in their midway are 25 minutes of waiting for a 4 minute show. Really good customer service, though.
The Flagship Taco Bell Cantina: As I had mentioned- it's a disappointment. If you've seen their posts on it, they make it seem like the ultimate TBell experience with merchandise, retired menu items and booze parties. But in reality it's a regular TB Cantina, the merchandise is just the stuff from Forever 21 last year and some towels, the music was too loud and the menu is the same at home. But the patio is nice. And filled with drunk girls in rompers. So many rompers.
GiGi Eats September 5, 2018 at 10:33 AM
I live in LA - San DIego just seems so far away from us especially because the traffic keeps getting worse and worse! That being said, I really do want to go and actually EXPLORE the area because I really don't feel like I have at all!
Ashley Clark September 5, 2018 at 4:22 PM
I love the west coast...but much of what I love isn't listed! We tried to steer clear of the touristy stuff. Except, we did go to the USS Midway Museum in San Diego and my children absolutely LOVED it (okay...I loved it too!).
Margie September 7, 2018 at 11:18 AM
I feel you. Sometimes the touristy stuff is just so packed or there is so much traffic to get there, that you end up in a bad mood. It's hard to balance it because you want to see what the place is known for.
Bekah September 7, 2018 at 11:28 AM
I just moved to SoCal, so it's good to hear the ups and downs! I like to go in with a realistic expectation of a place. I totally agree about in-n-out!! It's not amazing, maybe fresh for the burgers but not the best and certainly costs more than I think is reasonable.
kuldeep dogra September 8, 2018 at 1:51 AM
Very well written and informative post. Keep sharing such an informative post
Charlietakesphx September 10, 2018 at 11:44 AM
Really great breakdown! We are from Phoenix and we LOVE in n out.
I love California, specifically San Diego. In fact, I'm hoping to retire there some day. But I'm nowhere close to that and I feel I have a long way to go. I like your breakdown of everything. JITB is one of my favorites. I have been to Legoland but not Sea World. If there was one thing I didn't like in my 3 years there was the traffic. By far the worse I've ever seen. Great post and great looking site
aoibhneastravels September 12, 2018 at 11:49 AM
I like JITB only because it has breakfast all day!
Kelly Katharin Ogilvie McIntosh November 30, 2018 at 11:48 AM
Really appreciate the detail and opinions. Will be useful if I ever get that side.
Edward December 21, 2018 at 9:16 PM
Your article says it all. Indeed west coast is a nice place to explore
Sam December 21, 2018 at 9:44 PM
This is really cool, you give so much information that its really helpful
Financeoholic December 23, 2018 at 8:50 AM
I love the west coast and always dreamed of moving there. In and Out burger is a great fast food burger.
Nero N Nguyen December 23, 2018 at 8:54 AM
West coast has a lot of fun activities. I totally miss it! And the weather is amazing too!


of ruin. It's where we are going.
The largest pile of rubble is your friend.
into the channels and sleepy hollows of the skull.
rumble, and every paycheck's a dollar short.
and art. "What are ya gonna do with that,"
scheming for a living, and I'm still writing it out.
so deep in thought I won't remember the ride.
stamina of iron. Steam is money, stars are time.


text:
Search Scientist
Search Scientist is a Search Engine Marketing Consultancy specialising in Google AdWords Pay Per Click Advertising, Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) and Social.
Visit Search Scientist
Why Trustpilot & Search Scientist?
Search Scientist is a Search Engine Marketing Consultancy specialising in Google AdWords Pay Per Click Advertising, Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) and Social. We specialise in driving relevant search traffic to your website and converting that traffic as often as possible, to increase your profits. We also deliver SEO, AdWords and Social Training to businesses throughout NI.
Search Scientist was founded by a former Google employee, who's among the very first in the world to be AdWords Certified, before the exam was even made public! Search Scientist is a Google Certified Partner and fully Google Analytics Qualified. We're based in Belfast, Northern Ireland and work with businesses throughout the UK, Ireland and further afield.


text:
Mary's marriages
Adding to Mary's difficulties in ruling Scotland was the question as to whom she would marry.
Her decision to remarry was complicated as marriage to a Catholic would be of concern to Scottish Protestants, while marriage to a Protestant would upset Catholics.
Queen Elizabeth took a close interest in who Mary should marry and Mary was aware that she must not offend Elizabeth if she wanted to be named as heir to the throne of England.
Three main husbands were discussed, with lots of reasons for and against each one.
Siobhan Redmond describes the issues involved in Mary's choice of husband in the video below.
Don Carlos was considered too controversial
The suggestion of Don Carlos of Spain was highly controversial on the basis that Spain was an enemy of England.
In 1563, an accident left Don Carlos both physically and mentally unfit and negotiations of a marriage contract were cancelled.
Lord Dudley
Lord Dudley was proposed by Queen Elizabeth
Mary's chance of being named as heir to the English throne would improve if she married an Englishman.
Elizabeth proposed Lord Robert Dudley whom she believed could be entrusted to advance English interests in Scotland.
However, neither Mary nor Dudley (who was involved in an affair with Elizabeth) desired the match.
Lord Darnley
Lord Darnley became a suitor
Henry Stewart, (Lord Darnley) was proposed as suitor. Born in England into the Catholic Lennox family and grandson of Margaret Tudor and son of the Earl of Lennox.
Mary may have thought that Darnley would help her secure the English succession
and perhaps even help her restore Catholicism to Scotland.
Elizabeth was unlikely to have approved such a marriage.
Elizabeth may have feared that in the future he would become Catholic King Henry IX.
Elizabeth disliked the Lennox family and still suggested the idea of a marriage between Dudley and Mary. Elizabeth declared that she would not announce the succession until she herself married, or until she decided against marriage.


The Trona Post Office is located in the state of California within Inyo County. This location serves 1,818 Trona residents with a median income of $32,448. It's estimated that approximately 2,902 packages pass through this post office each year.


Happy Feline Friday. As I scour the internet each week in search of a cat video to share with you to help you start your weekend off the right way, you can imagine that there are so many to choose from.
However, I purrsonally know several cats who make every one of my days start off the right way, so I decided to introduce them to you from time to time.
Let me start by introducing you to my Grandkitty, Zefram Cochrane Francese. By the way, if you are a Star Trek fan then you will know that he was named after "Zefram Cochrane" who was the first human to create a warp drive system. Zefram the cat is every bit as feisty as a ginger cat should be and he fully takes after his father (my son, Johnny).
Living by his own set of kitty rules is part of Zefram's feline charm. As I said, like father, like son.
Listen to Linda G. weekdays from 3:00pm to 7:00pm on 105.5 FM, online at kicks1055.com/listen-live/ or by downloading the super cool KICKS 105.5 app for your mobile device. You can find it in your App Store or Google Play.


text:
William Marchant may refer to:

 William Marchant (playwright) (1923–1995), American playwright and screenwriter
 William Sydney Marchant (1894–1953), British colonial administrator
 William Marchant (loyalist) (1948–1987), Northern Irish loyalist and volunteer in the Ulster Volunteer Force
 William Lavington Marchant (1828-1888), An Australian Pastoralist
 William Marchant (Rhode Island) (fl. 1800s), a Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court from 1808 to 1810

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Head of School - CSE
University of New South Wales, School of Computer Science and Engineering
Job no: 495688
Work type: Continuing / Full time
Categories: Academic Leadership
Established in 1949, UNSW is already one of the world's leading technology-focussed universities, currently ranked 24th in the world (US News Engineering & Technology ranking) and distinguished by pioneering research with a focus on the scientific, technological and professional disciplines. UNSW is currently implementing its 2025 strategy and its ambition for the next decade is nothing less than to establish UNSW as Australia's global university.
The School of Computer Science and Engineering operates within the Faculty of Engineering and is a critical work unit responsible for delivery of academic priorities of the University and in interactions with students, alumni, industry, government, professional bodies and the community. It delivers one of the strongest undergraduate programs in Australia, leading to high employability of its graduates. It comprises 8 research groups: artificial intelligence, databases, embedded systems, networked systems and security, programming languages and compilers, service-oriented computing, trustworthy systems, and theoretical computer science. The School also boasts strong industry and government connections, including as a partner with CSIRO's Data61.
UNSW is currently seeking a Head of the School of Computer Science and Engineering. Reporting to the Faculty Dean, the appointee will ideally be a respected scholar, with the energy, resilience and vision to take on leadership of the School and engage meaningfully with both internal and external stakeholders. She/he will display outstanding communication and interpersonal skills and the ability to drive development of staff and further strengthening of the School's capability across research, teaching, and especially engagement with industry and the community.
For further information and initial enquiries please contact Mazin Almaimani in the Sydney office of Perrett Laver at mazin.almaimani@perrettlaver.com or on +61 2 8354 4020.
To apply please upload your curriculum vitae and support covering letter, quoting reference number 3849, before Friday 20th September 2019.
Advertised: 20 Aug 2019 AUS Eastern Standard Time
Applications close: 20 Sep 2019 AUS Eastern Standard Time


Inside mounted pleated shades mount inside the window casing, and do not cover the window molding.
Outside mounted pleated shades are mounted on the wall and cover the window molding.
With pleated shades, an inside mount requires a minimum depth. Find out more about the product's minimum mounting surface requirements by clicking on the "Product Info" tab on the product's informational page.
Headrail will be made 1/4" less than width ordered, including endcaps. Fabric will be made 1/2 inch less than width ordered.
For an outside mount, you have to first verify if you have enough space. You'll need about 2 ½" of flat space. Find the exact specifications, under the "Product Info" tab.


text:
package net.sf.jsqlparser.test.drop;

import java.io.StringReader;

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import net.sf.jsqlparser.JSQLParserException;
import net.sf.jsqlparser.parser.CCJSqlParserManager;
import net.sf.jsqlparser.statement.drop.Drop;

public class DropTest extends TestCase {

    CCJSqlParserManager parserManager = new CCJSqlParserManager();

    public DropTest(String arg0) {
        super(arg0);
    }

    public void testDrop() throws JSQLParserException {
        String statement =
                "DROP TABLE mytab";
        Drop drop = (Drop) parserManager.parse(new StringReader(statement));
        assertEquals("TABLE", drop.getType());
        assertEquals("mytab", drop.getName());
        assertEquals(statement, "" + drop);

        statement =
                "DROP INDEX myindex CASCADE";
        drop = (Drop) parserManager.parse(new StringReader(statement));
        assertEquals("INDEX", drop.getType());
        assertEquals("myindex", drop.getName());
        assertEquals("CASCADE", drop.getParameters().get(0));
        assertEquals(statement, "" + drop);
    }

    public void testComment() throws JSQLParserException {
        String statement =
                "/*90053*/ DROP /*erlgjter*/ TABLE /*weweporwepr*/ mytab /*wekljrhs*/ CAS /*erpuppwe*/ MAS /*eiortouei*/";
        Drop drop = (Drop) parserManager.parse(new StringReader(statement));
        assertEquals(statement, "" + drop);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        junit.swingui.TestRunner.run(DropTest.class);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Packages
========

Packages allow you to structure your code so that it becomes re-usable in multiple applications.
It also allows you to split large applications (with many controllers, repositories, models, etc) into
smaller structured pieces.

It works very similar to Symfony Bundles, Laravel Service Providers etc.

Actually, Radvance Packages are designed to be **framework independent**. So you can use your Packages
in Radvance projects, but also in Symfony, Laravel, etc projects etc.

## Directory structure:

Each package lives in it's own namespace. For example: `Acme\Package\Hello`.

Inside this directory, you'll find the following sub-directories (where applicable):

* `Controller/`: Put all your controllers here.
* `Model/`: Put all your models here.
* `Repository/`: Put all your repositories here.
* `Resources/views`: Put all your templates here.

These directories are conventions, and should contain framework-independent code only.

Additionally, one or more of the following files may exist in the root of your Package directory:

* `HelloProvider.php`: Initializer code for Radvance, Silex and Pimple based applications.
* `HelloBundle.php`: Initializer code for Symfony based applications.
* `HelloServiceProvider.php`: Initializer code for Laravel based applications.

## Using packages

In order to use a package, you'll need to configure it in your main Application class. Here's an example:

```php
namespace Acme;

class Application extends BaseWebApplication implements FrameworkApplicationInterface
{
    protected function configurePackages()
    {
        $this->register(new \Acme\Package\Hello\HelloProvider());
        $this->register(new \Other\Package\Awesome\AwesomeProvider());
    }
}
```

Note how this is using the standard Silex/Pimple way of registering services.

After registering your package, Radvance will take further actions to initialize your packages:

* The package path's are checked for a `Repository/` folder. Any valid Repository classes are automatically registered (just like if you'd use them in your main application code-path).
* The package path's are checked for a `Resources/views` folder. If it exists, the path will be registered in the Twig file loader. You can now access your templates as `@HelloPackage/templatename.html.twig`

## Ensure framework agnostic controllers!

Please refer to this excellent blog-post series:
* [part1](http://php-and-symfony.matthiasnoback.nl/2014/06/how-to-create-framework-independent-controllers/)
* [part2](http://php-and-symfony.matthiasnoback.nl/2014/06/don-t-use-annotations-in-your-controllers/)
* [part3](http://php-and-symfony.matthiasnoback.nl/2014/06/framework-independent-controllers-part-3/)

In short:

* Don't extend from a "BaseController"
* Use Dependency Injection (supported in Radvance through constructor)
* Don't use ContainerAware (let the container inject what you need)
* Don't ask for `Application $app` as controller action arguments, be more specific.


New to this corner of the internet!? Welcome!
If you're looking to up the ante on your social media in your personal brand or business, but aren't exactly sure where to start, this page is for you.
I'm Karlyn Williams — Social Media and Digital Marketing Strategist, Entrepreneur and Founder of Oh Snap! Social and Ultimate Crown.
After nearly a decade working with boutique agencies and in start-up circles, I finally decided to take the leap of faith in spite of fear and turned my side hustles of 5 years into my full time follow-my-dream job.
I have served small-medium sized businesses and dentists grow their businesses through award-winning social media strategy. After being born missing 14 teeth, I spent the next 18 years of my life faced with surgeries, procedures, and more time in a dental chair than one will experience in a lifetime. I have my amazing dental team to thank for giving me back my confidence and my smile, which allows me to be a powerful business owner and thought-leader in social media.
Save time and energy by implementing my best strategies for creating content for an entire month in just a few hours — yes, it's possible. Let's get to work?
Where we get hyper-clear on who you want to serve with your product or service. We're going to dig deep, get creative and have a little bit of fun too!
Quit the guessing game! I'll walk you through a sound strategy for your business to cut through the noise and get seen in the social space.
Social landscapes are ever-changing, and this is how you stay a cut above the competition.
When social media makes you want to fake your own death and flee to Tahiti, take a seat, settle in with your lemon drop martini, and get all the latest news, tips and actionable techniques to streamline your social media efforts. I got you!
PLUS: Receive first dibs new programs!


text:
Memphis Rapper Big Scarr Dead at 22
Stacy Simons Santos Contact MePosted on 28 December, 2022, 10:51 AM EST
MEMPHIS (CelebrityAccess) – The Memphis rapper Big Scarr, known for his single, "Make a Play," died Thursday (December 22). Fox13 Memphis reports local police found the rapper, and his cause of death has not been released. However, the Memphis Police Department added that his death is not considered suspicious and that the investigation is ongoing. He was 22 years old.
The rapper, born Alexander Woods, grew up in South Memphis, where his Grandmother raised him until he was 13. After her death from cancer, Woods moved in with his father. As a teen, he was involved in a bad car accident which left several scars on his face, inspiring his stage name. In 2020 he was shot and had his appendix removed due to the gunshot wound.
The rapper was signed to Gucci Mane's New 1017 record label after "Make a Play" went viral online. He released his debut mixtape, Big Grim Reaper, in April 2021 and dropped the deluxe edition Big Grim Reaper: The Return, in early 2022. He also was a part of the RIAA gold-certified song, "SoIcyBoyz 2," made with his cousin Pooh Shiesty. He was scheduled to be the opener for Key Glock's upcoming 2023 tour. The rising rapper had also collaborated with Offset, Foogiano, and Tay Keith.
Many in the hip-hop community have posted on social media upon hearing news of his death.
Gucci Mane:
A post shared by Gucci Mane (@laflare1017)
Key Glock:
Big Scarr use to be jus naturally funny. Ain't no way man pic.twitter.com/daB3QZOUvg
— GLOCK (@GlockRivers) December 23, 2022
Scarr is the latest rapper from Memphis to have died recently. Snootie Wild was fatally shot in February 2022 while in Houston, and Young Dolph was killed in November 2021 while at Makeda's Homemade Butter Cookies in downtown Memphis.
#BigScarr
#GucciMane
The Roxy Theatre


text:
Q: Does my apache cache my images? I have a folder for customer avatar upload and I set up an apache server pointing to this folder to get customer avatar images.
It seem to be a very strange symptom my system get right now as following:

*

*I update an avatar image in the folder

*I access to the image by browser, but I see it displays the old one on browser though I refresh (Ctrl+F5) many times.

*After a time duration (nearly 1 min), I refresh the above url, and I got the lastest image dislayed.

Is this symptom relating to my Apache configuration? Could anyone help me to figure out which setting affects? Thank you!

A: First of all I am guessing that you have not enabled any of the apache caching modules. If this is the case then this behavior is due to browser's caching on the client side. You can verify this by opening the url in a browser's private session after updating the image. You can also verify by looking into apache's access.log file and check if you can see any request entry for accessing the image or not. If it's not then it is being directly served from browser's cache.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Let your wedding favor holder echo the happiness of your special day. Delight your guests with this elegant and useful Double Happiness wedding favor holder. With a handy lid, it fits one mini honey jar, and be used to store other personal accessories after!


About our Hockey & Goalie Equipment Store Boston MA | Sports Etc.
Welcome to Sports Etc, New England's Hockey Leader and original Goalie Super Store. Established in 1980, in the hockey rich area of Greater Boston, we have been servicing New England's hockey players and goalies for more then 30 years.
We understand that anyone can sell hockey equipment, but not everyone can truly fit hockey equipment. If you've been here you know we simply will not take shortcuts or sacrifice fit to make a sale. That is what we are trying to bring to the table as we expand our business to the world wide web.
There are a lot of places to get hockey equipment online, so you have a choice. You can buy from a hockey website, or you can buy from a professional hockey shop with real employees that fit gear every day, that has a website. There is a difference and the difference is service and expertise.
EXPERIENCE THE DIFFERENCE AT SPORTS ETC!