text:
Fuel Cell Market
Fuel Cell Market Forecasts to 2028 - Global Analysis By Product Type (Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), Alkaline fuel cell(AFC), Microbial fuel cell(MFC), Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), Metal hydride fuel cell, Direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC), Regenerative fuel cell, Direct borohydride fuel cell, Up flow microbial fuel cell (UMFC), Electro-galvanic fuel cell, Zinc-air battery, Reformed methanol fuel cell, Direct-ethanol fuel cell, RFC - Redox, Tubular solid oxide fuel cell (TSOFC), Protonic ceramic fuel cell, Molten carbonate fuel cell, Direct carbon fuel cell, Magnesium-Air Fuel Cell, Planar Solid oxide fuel cell, Enzymatic Biofuel Cells, Other types of fuel cells), Technology (Vehicular, Non-Vehicular), Size (Small scale (up to 200 kw),Large scale (above 200 kw)), Application, End User and By Geography
Years Covered
Estimated Year Value (2022)
US $2.9 BN
Projected Year Value (2028)
US $12.75 BN
CAGR (2022 - 2028)
Regions Covered
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, and Middle East & Africa
US, Canada, Mexico, Germany, UK, Italy, France, Spain, Japan, China, India, Australia, New Zealand, South Korea, Rest of Asia Pacific, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Middle East & Africa, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, and South Africa
Largest Market
Fastest Growing Market
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Fuel Cell Market is accounted for $2.9 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach $12.75 billion by 2028 growing at a CAGR of 28% during the forecast period. A fuel cell uses the chemical energy of hydrogen or other fuels to produce electricity in a clean and effective manner. When hydrogen is used as a fuel, the only by-products are water, power, and heat. There are numerous uses for fuel cells, including in commercial, residential, and transportation infrastructure. Compared to conventional combustion-based technologies, which are used in many power plants and automobiles, fuel cells have a number of advantages. Fuel cells produce less or no emissions when compared to combustion engines. Hydrogen fuel cells can contribute to resolving pressing climate challenges because they emit only water and no carbon dioxide.
According to a 2019 estimate from the International Council of Chemical Associations, the chemicals industry is one of the largest in the world, contributing US$ 5.7 trillion to global GDP and supporting nearly 120 million employments. In order to reduce the negative environmental impact of chemical manufacture, chemical industries are progressively embracing sustainable and eco-friendly procedures. Chemical companies are using an eco-friendly alternative such as using carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make fuels, industrial products, and other chemicals. Technological advancements and the development of chemical sciences are playing a major role in this transition in the industry.
Market Dynamics:
Increasing applications of fuel cell
The global fuel cell market is expanding as a result of more fuel cells being used in the transportation industry, including in vehicles and buses. However, the expensive cost of the catalyst employed in it, which drives up the cost of the fuel cell, somewhat restrains expansion. But it is anticipated that rising portable device demand, strict government rules meant to cut down on rising pollution levels, and improved fuel cell efficiency would lead to prosperous business opportunities.
Restraint:
High Initial Costs and Limited Hydrogen Infrastructure
Bipolar plates, catalysts, membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), gaskets, and other parts are among the many components needed in the production of fuel cell systems. Because of this, these products are quite expensive, and making a limited number of fuel cell systems could result in unaffordable high expenses for the corporations that make them. Additionally, the business prospects may be hampered by certain countries' restricted access to the essential, highly advanced hydrogen infrastructure. To close the gap and provide manufacturers and customers with zero-emission technology, the government sectors, however, are constantly taking action to introduce financial assistance & benefit.
Favourable Regulatory Policies to Support Product Deployment
In order to power and heat modest homes, as well as commercial facilities including hotels, hospitals, schools, and other public buildings, fuel cell systems are progressively being deployed. In order to encourage the integration of the devices in many applications, several state and federal authorities have developed favourable legislative frameworks and subsidy schemes. For instance, the state of New Jersey's government has upgraded its financial incentives for FC CHP installations. Its CHP-FC Program framework aims to encourage more manufacturers by providing financial assistance for each project to the procedures.
Threat:
Unfriendly internal combustion
Although internal combustion engines are discovered to be good substitutes for unfriendly internal combustion engines, the use of fuel cells in various industries has not yet replaced the use of conventional forms of energy, which is restricting the growth of the fuel cell industry. Additionally, in order to capitalise on the demand, which is accelerating, the providers are working to optimise the pricing in accordance with end-user criteria. The dependability of fuel cells is another aspect that is limiting the growth of the customer base. Manufacturers are investing heavily in research and development, though, and the fuel cell market is likely to see some advances in the future.
The market for stationary fuel cells is still mostly dominated by a small number of companies, which distribute hydrogen fuel cell generators in accordance with regional demand. The Covid-19 epidemic coincided with restrictions on human and logistical travel, which negatively affected the market for stationary fuel cells by lowering sales and consumer demand for hydrogen electric generators. The lack of sufficient raw materials and labour force also had an impact on the market, reducing sales by reducing production capacity. Because the development of hydrogen fuel cell technology is still in the process of being improved to make it more flexible, different public institutions' and private businesses' development initiatives have been put on hold.
The Small scale segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The worldwide fuel cell market is divided into small-scale and large-scale segments based on size. Due to the growing use of small-scale fuel cells in electronic gadgets, transportation, and different residential applications, the small scale category accounted for the biggest revenue share. Due to their wider range of power outputs, small-scale fuel cell systems are utilised in a variety of endues segments. Up to 5 kW of producing power from residential ENE-FARM fuel cells have been deployed.
The Stationary segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
The portable, stationary, and transit application categories make up the segmentation of the global fuel cell market. Due to the increasing use of fuel cells in stationary applications, the stationary segment is anticipated to have the greatest CAGR throughout the projection period. In stationary applications, fuel cells are frequently utilised to produce energy for distributed generation and auxiliary power. Some fuel cells can be used as cogeneration systems in houses, hospitals, swimming pools, and other structures since they can provide both electricity and heat. The best stationary fuel cell systems use the PAFC, MCFC, and SOFC fuel cell technologies. Additionally, stationary fuel cell systems are used as stand-alone power plants for cities and towns as well as backup power and power in remote locations.
Region with highest share:
The largest market share in the world is anticipated to be held by Asia Pacific during the forecast period. This is because there is a growing market for FC vehicles and a quickly evolving hydrogen infrastructure. Additionally, some nations have set attainable objectives to convert the current energy infrastructure and reliance on fossil fuels to carbon-free power generation. Important countries have a presence in the area. The market will grow as a result of significant investments in the research and development of cutting-edge FC systems and the implementation of established technologies. To encourage the adoption of new technology, certain nations have made significant investments in enhancing the infrastructure for hydrogen refuelling.
Region with highest CAGR:
In the worldwide fuel cell industry, Asia-Pacific had the highest CAGR , and it is anticipated that it would continue to dominate the market for the duration of the forecast. Consumer awareness is rising, and the number of applications available is expanding, which is fueling market expansion in the area. The expansion in this region is anticipated to be fueled by a growing usage of fuel cells in stationary and stationary applications, a large increase in power demand, and an expanding penetration of fuel cell electric cars.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players profiled in the Fuel cell Market include Doosan fuel cell co.ltd., Ceres, Kyocera corporation, Toshiba corporation, Bloom energy, Fuji electric co., ltd., Hydrogenics Corporation, Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology B.V., Plug Power Inc., Fuel Cell Energy, Inc., Proton Motor Power Systems Plc, Nuvera Fuel Cells LLC, SFC Energy, Intelligent Energy, Cummins Inc., Ballard Power Systems, Panasonic Corporation, Aisin Corporation, Robert Bosch GmbH, AFC Energy PLC.
Key Developments:
Hydrogenics opened a new facility in California, in October 2018. The facility's primary goal would be the integrate hydrogen fuel cell systems onto heavy duty truck and bus platforms for California customers. Hydrogenics was able to improve its position in the U.S. market due to the establishment of this manufacturing plant.
Plug Power introduced a new plant in March 2019 to expand its hydrogen-based fuel cell line. The ProGen 30kW engine is a cost-effective solution for electric vehicle, with high utilization and reliable performance in severe settings, as well as quick fueling and zero emissions.
SFC Energy entered into a contract with Aurora Hut, Finnish Company, in October 2019. Aurora Hut will include the EFOY fuel cells into its new all season igloo houseboats for highly customized trips under the terms of the deal. In all igloos, the fuel cell provides a fully automated and ecologically beneficial power source.
Type Covered:
• Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc)
• Solid oxide fuel cell (sofc)
• Phosphoric acid fuel cell (pafc)
• Alkaline fuel cell(afc)
• Microbial fuel cell(mfc)
• Direct methanol fuel cell (dmfc)
• Metal hydride fuel cell
• Direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC)
• Regenerative fuel cell
• Direct borohydride fuel cell
• Up flow microbial fuel cell (UMFC)
• Electro-galvanic fuel cell
• Zinc-air battery
• Reformed methanol fuel cell
• Direct-ethanol fuel cell
• RFC – Redox
• Tubular solid oxide fuel cell (TSOFC)
• Protonic ceramic fuel cell
• Molten carbonate fuel cell
• Direct carbon fuel cell
• Magnesium-Air Fuel Cell
• Planar Solid oxide fuel cell
• Enzymatic Biofuel Cells
• Other types of fuel cells
Technology Covered:
• Vehicular
• Non-Vehicular
Size Covered:
• Small scale (up to 200 kw)
• Large scale (above 200 kw)
Application Covered:
• Portable
• Stationary
End User Covered:
• Data centers
• Commercial & industrial
• Military & defense
• Utilities & government/municipal institutes
- Covers Market data for the years 2020, 2021, 2022, 2025, and 2028
3.6 Product Analysis
3.8 Application Analysis
3.10 Emerging Markets
3.11 Impact of Covid-19
5 Global Fuel Cell Market, By Type
5.2 Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc)
5.3 Solid oxide fuel cell (sofc)
5.4 Phosphoric acid fuel cell (pafc)
5.5 Alkaline fuel cell(afc)
5.6 Microbial fuel cell(mfc)
5.7 Direct methanol fuel cell (dmfc)
5.8 Metal hydride fuel cell
5.9 Direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC)
5.10 Regenerative fuel cell
5.11 Direct borohydride fuel cell
5.12 Up flow microbial fuel cell (UMFC)
5.13 Electro-galvanic fuel cell
5.14 Zinc-air battery
5.15 Reformed methanol fuel cell
5.16 Direct-ethanol fuel cell
5.17 RFC – Redox
5.18 Tubular solid oxide fuel cell (TSOFC)
5.19 Protonic ceramic fuel cell
5.20 Molten carbonate fuel cell
5.21 Direct carbon fuel cell
5.22 Magnesium-Air Fuel Cell
5.23 Planar Solid oxide fuel cell
5.24 Enzymatic Biofuel Cells
5.25 Other types of fuel cells
6 Global Fuel Cell Market, By Technology
6.2 Vehicular
6.3 Non-Vehicular
7 Global Fuel Cell Market, By Size
7.2 Small scale (up to 200 kw)
7.3 Large scale (above 200 kw)
8 Global Fuel Cell Market, By Application
8.3 Stationary
8.3.1 Primary
8.3.2 Back-up
8.3.3 Combined heat & power (chp)
8.4 Fuel cell vehicles
8.4.1 Passenger light duty fuel cell vehicles
8.4.2 Fuel cell buses
8.4.3 Fuel cell trucks
9 Global Fuel Cell Market, By End User
9.2 Residential
9.3 Data centers
9.4 Transportation
9.5 Commercial & industrial
9.6 Military & defense
9.7 Utilities & government/municipal institutes
10 Global Fuel Cell Market, By Geography
12.1 Doosan fuel cell co., ltd.
12.2 Ceres
12.3 Kyocera corporation
12.4 Toshiba corporation
12.5 Bloom energy
12.6 Fuji electric co., ltd.
12.7 Hydrogenics Corporation
12.8 Nedstack Fuel Cell Technology B.V.
12.9 Plug Power Inc.
12.10 FuelCell Energy, Inc.
12.11 Proton Motor Power Systems Plc
12.12 Nuvera Fuel Cells LLC
12.12 SFC ENERGY
12.14 Intelligent Energy
12.15 Cummins Inc.
12.16 Ballard Power Systems.
12.17 Panasonic Corporation
12.18 AISIN CORPORATION
12.19 Robert Bosch GmbH
12.20 AFC Energy PLC
1 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Region (2020-2028) ($MN)
2 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Type(2020-2028) ($MN)
3 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc)(2020-2028) ($MN)
4 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Solid oxide fuel cell (sofc)(2020-2028) ($MN)
5 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Phosphoric acid fuel cell (pafc)(2020-2028) ($MN)
6 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Alkaline fuel cell(afc)(2020-2028) ($MN)
7 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Microbial fuel cell(mfc)(2020-2028) ($MN)
8 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Direct methanol fuel cell (dmfc)(2020-2028) ($MN)
9 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Metal hydride fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
10 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC)(2020-2028) ($MN)
11 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Regenerative fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
12 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Direct borohydride fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
13 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Up flow microbial fuel cell (UMFC)(2020-2028) ($MN)
14 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Electro-galvanic fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
15 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Zinc-air battery(2020-2028) ($MN)
16 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Reformed methanol fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
17 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Direct-ethanol fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
18 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By RFC – Redox(2020-2028) ($MN)
19 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Tubular solid oxide fuel cell (TSOFC)(2020-2028) ($MN)
20 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Protonic ceramic fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
21 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Molten carbonate fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
22 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Direct carbon fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
23 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Magnesium-Air Fuel Cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
24 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Planar Solid oxide fuel cell(2020-2028) ($MN)
25 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Enzymatic Biofuel Cells(2020-2028) ($MN)
26 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Other types of fuel cells(2020-2028) ($MN)
27 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Technology(2020-2028) ($MN)
28 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Vehicular(2020-2028) ($MN)
29 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Non-Vehicular(2020-2028) ($MN)
30 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Size(2020-2028) ($MN)
31 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Small scale (up to 200 kw)(2020-2028) ($MN)
32 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Large scale (above 200 kw)(2020-2028) ($MN)
33 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Application(2020-2028) ($MN)
34 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Portable(2020-2028) ($MN)
35 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Stationary(2020-2028) ($MN)
36 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Primary(2020-2028) ($MN)
37 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Back-up(2020-2028) ($MN)
38 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Combined heat & power (chp)(2020-2028) ($MN)
39 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Fuel cell vehicles(2020-2028) ($MN)
40 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Passenger light duty fuel cell vehicles(2020-2028) ($MN)
41 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Fuel cell buses(2020-2028) ($MN)
42 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Fuel cell trucks(2020-2028) ($MN)
43 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Others(2020-2028) ($MN)
44 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By End User(2020-2028) ($MN)
45 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Residential(2020-2028) ($MN)
46 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Data centers(2020-2028) ($MN)
47 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Transportation(2020-2028) ($MN)
48 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Commercial & industrial(2020-2028) ($MN)
49 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Military & defense(2020-2028) ($MN)
50 Global Fuel Cell Market Outlook, By Utilities & government/municipal institutes(2020-2028) ($MN)
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.
Solar water pumps market Automotive wiring harness market Industrial dispensing system and equipment market Sewage pump market Aerial work platform market Industrial agitator market Tool hammer market


Portrait –They do not talk to for any specialist advice, and if they contain an vacant plot, they specifically employ the service of builders and framework agents and Deliver them an outlay of their Ideas as in direction of how they will need their dwelling in the direction of look together with.
They are adept at making Ideas that employ available Room towards the simplest opportunity benefit, and at laying out a floor program in the direction of increase control appeal.
Tailor made building of your property can acquire weeks towards be completed and is exceptionally expensive, from time to time up in the direction of ten periods the value of predawn or stock house Designs. The website will furthermore give a challenging principle of the value integrated inside of producing a Place as per a specific house design.
On the internet kinds will present by yourself a apparent vision of what your desire Area will seem whenever it is developed, what features by yourself can pay for in direction of include, and the expense aspect depending upon the features that by yourself pick. The flooring software will imply walls, rooms, doorways and windows. Any additions or improvements will be checked for viability through an architectural designer, ahead of they are involved within just the property structure.
Getting to be a Area system designed primarily for your standards is a time-consuming process, and it in addition involves a ton of effort and value. You can employ this drawing in the direction of get a overall thought of what your Space will look including inside the empty whole lot that sits there previously.
The ground plan is precisely what yourself imagine it is. You want toward think about the layout of the residence with appreciate to whether there should really be a basement, how a great number of storeys yourself would like in direction of include, the selection of garages that your self need to have, no matter if on your own desire to consist of any outside the house drinking water pond, the sizing of the Area, the sizes of the option bedrooms, kitchen, living neighborhood, and so on., and the facilities that by yourself require which include bathroom tubs, sinks, and hearth.
The perfect path toward visualize what on your own want is toward go to a number of type households and view for on your own choice facts that yourself would including to have which include ceiling contours, air circulation systems, and sun stages. As by yourself physical appearance at your drawings as a full, on your own will then be capable to imagine what your self home will seem to be like inside a few dimension. One of the least difficult applications that yourself should try out is the east experiencing plan.
There are a variety of advantages that come with an east dealing with application. By yourself really should also assure that the home doesn't include any increased land. Though yourself pay a visit to their site, you will discover a plethora of residence system layouts with pictorial representation of the homes, detailed with surface area Ideas, cross-sections, and elevations as a result that oneself can receive a crystal clear strategy of what the house will look which includes. Individuals little homes produce perfect holiday retreats and are on top of that appropriate as a novice dwelling or retirement residence for empty nesters.
Bungalows are A person in direction of 1and ½ story homes, They always include things like characteristics of the Craftsman design Area, such as natural and organic planning content, unveiled rafter finishes and gables. Your cottage property system will in addition display in which the h2o heater, furnace, cabinets, lights, electric retailers and further will go. The ground should be much less improved than the centre house.
If there is certainly a road working inside entrance of the house by yourself should make certain that it really is minimal than the plot.
Beach properties, are lower a single story residences, raised above the ground, and usually include an open up flooring program, with a whole lot of windows, toward buy a optimistic impression of the yard. The simplest way is to open up a net of a organization that specials designing in the region in which yourself dwell within just, and then your self can easily figure out make contact with with that small business and get your applications from them.
After it arrives towards looking at your Place Options, it can be Really puzzling. The website method also incorporates the vacation spot of utility solutions, easements, driveways and walkways. Showers, bogs, bathtubs, refrigerators, dishwasher and other appliances will in addition be drawn into Space. This method is drawn towards the overhead look at as a result people who will be pouring the foundation realize where by to commence. This phone calls for oneself in the direction of remove any loads of soil, stone or garbage that may perhaps be there. Open flooring Designs are not well-known in the direction of this model of house. Even so, if a home is produced with a perfectly strategy of idea and an principle in just a person's mind, then it is surely heading toward be a superior position to are living in just for the citizens as effectively as meet all their needs.
Now, highest folks who decide for house coming up with believe of designing it them selves. Your self can design a sloping verandah; having said that, oneself should make certain that it doesn't facial area west.
Litter free: in direction of avert obstructing certain electrical energy oneself really should guarantee that the area on the eastern side is fresh new and litter no cost. There are several alternative pieces that crank out up your dwelling plans. With a quick critique of the items that create up your plans, on your own will be reading through them within just no season.
Massive entrance porches, dormers and a roofline that lies parallel in direction of the street are the major distinguishing features of Country households. The world wide web will easily create any improvements desired by yourself towards a distinctive 1 and a revised one particular will be made obtainable in direction of your self. Simply because your property will be dealing with east, on your own will be turning into the highest versus the profitable morning sunshine.
A lot of House on the east: as an architect on your own want toward depart adequate space within the east. When you dwelling Ideas are thorough, framework can at some point get started.
Sunlight: simply because the sunlight rises versus the east, it indicates that your house will be obtaining a large amount of sunshine during the early morning. Each and every ground will comprise its private site of drawings, including any basements. A person of the maximum prominent techniques towards have residences planned is as a result of carrying out consequently on line. A 2 bedroom a person bathtub residence inside of the craftsman style will expense among $52,000.00 and $62,000.00 in direction of produce a two bedroom, 2 bathtub, property with a Two car garage will work above $96.000.00.
Are on your own designing of developing a dwelling? Although there are quite a few house systems that your self can go with, not all of them are wished-for for on your own. It is a lengthy and intricate path against the 1st conceptualization of a residence towards the home styles, surface area plans, elevations, cross-sections, structural designs, and inevitably the done Space system that will at some point type the basis of the composition of the dwelling. Taking tailor made drawn applications can hold off the construction of your house through a great number of weeks There are dozens of household styles and practically hundreds of packages toward pick out against, thus by yourself can be certain toward locate the property of your desires.
If on your own find a Area program that your self enjoy, nonetheless need to produce minimal changes, optimum expert services can consist of their designers do that for you, at an more price. Your self should almost certainly deliver a lot of place upon a huge table thus you don't truly feel cramped even though attempting to read through them. Toward depart adequate area on the east side your self really should ensure that the principal gate faces northeast.
Incorporate a verandah: at the time coming up with the household yourself ought to ensure that the home has a verandah upon the japanese side where by the property owners of the house can sit and get pleasure from the nutritious early morning sunshine. Optimum Those do not comprise a clue as in the direction of the place and how to take Area options, or even in direction of obtain the straight designers who can do this process for them.
The least complicated bet for locating the instantly property programs is in the direction of read through the option web sites promoting Area courses and pick the highest reputable one. Although this process might be a ideal strategy, there are definite rewards towards obtaining pre-drawn Space Strategies. They may possibly in addition include dormers, exposed beams, and overhanging eaves.
Pre-drawn Space programs are these that are drawn by architects or house designers and then delivered for sale, as opposed to individuals that are drawn for an client, with enter against the customer. On the internet types will let by yourself in the direction of slice small People inputs and by yourself can consider the style and design for your aspiration home incorporating any changes that you require inside of the shortest potential period.
A reduced finish Beach front household with 2 bedrooms, Just one tub, kitchen area and Excellent area would price, concerning $74,000.00 in direction of build, in accordance towards the national typical, and in excess of $15,000.00 further more within the west and $8000.00 a lot less within the south. Designing your household is a once-in-a-lifetime likelihood that ought to be carried out with highest care and you must generate an hard work to contain all that on your own would together with towards consist of within your aspiration home, subject towards availability of spending plan.
There are a few components that you should really finalize in just your thoughts, ahead of seeking at the substitute on-line patterns. This software is an overhead drawing of each individual area of the Room. As yourself appear deeper within just thing at each and every drawing, on your own will turn into acquainted with all of the substitute symbols.
The elevation is a scale in the direction of scale drawing of the Place towards the front, rear and each individual aspect. Depending upon your Space plans, by yourself may well include even excess components that transfer with the courses. The moment oneself appearance at a quantity of these, on your own will choose perfect tips that on your own can modify in the direction of healthy your personal requires.
Craftsman structure properties are characterized by way of the employ the service of of natural and organic content which include wooden or stone for outside walls, and rock foundations that slope out in opposition to the flooring. Your dwelling is something that won't be able to be torn down and rebuilt primarily based on the real truth that it was 'poorly planned' and thus the building of your Place desires in direction of be accurate and amazingly superior.
There are handful of techniques via which oneself can order house planning guidelines. They too occasionally borrow attributes towards the Region or Victorian glimpse.A 2 bedroom, one particular bath bungalow in the mid-range can be developed for involving $70,000.00 and Ninety five.000.00, depending on what part of the place you are living in. This will guidance oneself inside finalizing your home system.
Anytime the construction of a house is worried, the designing is Really necessary. They will specify ridge heights, roof pitches, outdoors ends and further more. A three bed room, A single and ½ baths, will typical in excess of $84,000.00 in the direction of erect on your web site. It seems as although there are too a lot of symbols, lines and drawings toward decipher. Those Ideas are tiny maps that aid every single alternate framework personnel do their task just right.
The web-site software is drawn toward demonstrate the desired destination of the home upon the household and how it will sit within just the limitations of the lot. This drawing will be the simplest of all the drawings in your very little ranch Place Options deal. The exact same sizing of each individual solution drawn upon the application is as well indicated at their proper places. Any time oneself choose a web-site and viewpoint its choice Area plans, your self can contemplate choices and think of adjustments that would in shape your own choices. Individuals Options are a best starting off truth for on your own in the direction of progress your Area establishing challenge. The South is the minimum amount high-priced community to develop inside and the West incorporates the greatest value .The countrywide normal is somewhere in among.
There are dozens of dwelling plan layouts for on your own in direction of read through and countless numbers within every class, against A-Frame towards Victorian, , from very low towards significant, you can uncover the instantly house for your household. It is way too potential in the direction of include your systems reversed, for illustration, if your breakfast nook faces west however the impression from the north side of your whole lot is further more appealing, your self can reverse it. Lots of of the websites advertising and marketing home Ideas will make it possible for by yourself to look at a reversed belief, of homes oneself could want in direction of build.
Another service supplied by the products and services that structure and promote Room plans, is just one that will allow your self towards calculate the selling price for designing a specific home in your Room of the country. There are distinct alternative techniques that can be made use of in just this regard. Farm residence and French State packages can in addition be incorporated within this classification. This will get rid of your electric power costs as your self do not incorporate in direction of leave the lights on if you wake up early.
Health: scientists incorporate listed that the morning sunshine is usually the suitable. There are the site software, the surface area plan, and an elevation. A low state residence, 576 sq. ft, with a single tub and 2 bedrooms, can be crafted for under $60,000.00 can be erected on your web site for beneath $60,000.00.


Christmas is always a special time at Couture HQ. As well as being an excuse to totally indulge ourselves with our love of sparkle, it's a chance to enter into the community spirit and create something special for the highly competitive village window decorating competition.
So this year we created a flock of fairies, be-bobbed and bow-lipped, and dressed in the finest silks and laces (of course!) With flowers in their hair and gossamer gold wings! Some are still waiting for their dresses, but at least they're decent!
And with one last glance in the mirror they fly away!


text:
pjtremblay@hotmail.com
ramsay@ucalgary.ca
The San Diego / Boulder Paper
A GLBT Education
By Pierre J. Tremblay in Collaboration with Richard Ramsay
Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary.
The Paper was Presented by Pierre Tremblay at The 11th Annual Sociological Symposium: "Deconstructing Youth Suicide," San Diego State University - March, 2000 (Cover Page). A part of the present updated paper was presented at the Gay Men's Health Summit in Boulder, Colorado - July, 2000. Now Available: A 2004 Updated Interim Version Of This Paper.
Now Available: An 2004 Updated Interim Version Of This Paper.
Section Organization:
The paper as one file - For Printing Purposes or Saving-To-Disk for later reading without having to be Online. It will take time to download: 350Kb.
Table of Content: Major Sections Listed.
Table of Content: Major Section / Subsections/ Highlights Listed and Linked.
Title: The Social Construction of Male Homosexuality and Related Suicide Problems: Research Proposals for the Twenty First Century.
Cover Page (San Diego, California) - Cover Page (Boulder, Colorado)
Sexual Orientation: Binaries and Definition Problems.
Male Homosexuality: From Common to a Rarity.
Male Youth Suicide Problems: Worsening Since 1950, Higher Rates for Homosexually Oriented Males, and Greater Risk for Suicide.
Homosexually Oriented Male Youth: Ongoing Suicide Problems?
Feminine Males: A Social Construction of Suicide Problems.
Research Proposals For The Twenty First Century.
Content: Sections / Subsections & Highlights
Current definition(s) of "sexual orientation" and gender-based binaries. Note 1: Contemporary concepts of "sexual orientation" are being challenged. Note 2: Bisexuality has been ignored or condemned as a part of binary politics.
Heterosexualities, bisexualities, homosexualities, and asexualities best describe human sexualities. Warnings about research based on current definitions of sexual orientation.
The research which produced the postulated "the gay gene" concept in 1993 was soon placed in question as it had been predicted. Serious problems are related to what is meant by "sexual orientation." It is an unstable concept.
Bisexuality was very common in the ancient world, sometimes being the rule (Ancient Greece). Some contemporary individuals are said to have the utopian vision: the world may return to bisexuality.
Growing up in a world where most adolescent males are relating sexually with each other (as the author did) versus growing up with similar same-sex desires and thinking no one else is like oneself. Note 3: Kinsey et al. (1948) reports that homosexuality more common in working-class males compared to upper-class males, by a factor of 200 to 500 percent. The Dowsett (1994) report on homosexuality in the working-class city of Nullangardie, Australia.
The modern situation for boys with same-sex desires: feeling like a freak as opposed to being part of the majority. Note 4: Growing up in a word where adolescent boys are being 'told' by Catholic priests that their homosexual activities are minor sins: something like telling a lie.
During the first half of the twentieth century in the United States and in other countries, many apparently heterosexual males were relating sexually with males. An explanation for why so many young adult males stopped being homosexually active. Note 5: Male homosexuality appears to have been extremely common in British Navies where some practices were similar to the ones reported to have existed in male prisons. About 25 percent of young adult males are sexually assaulted in Australian prisons.
Not long ago, many males did not perceive themselves to be homosexual if they were n ot sexually passive when having sex with other males. The Kinsey et al. (1948) study reported high incidences of male homosexuality (about 40%) existing during the first half of the twentieth century. Homosexuality was very common in male prisons and American career delinquents sold their sexual services to homosexual males in society.
The incidence of male homosexuality greatly declined in the last 50 years. Methodologically flawed studies report 1 to 2 percent of males engaging in same-gender sexual activities. Bagley and Tremblay (1998) report incidences of 9.2% for young adult males "being currently homosexually active" in Calgary, Alberta. These results are consonant with the results reported for the CARDIA Cohort study of young adult males as noted later in the paper.
Bagley and Tremblay (1998) suggest that great underestimating errors (200 to 800%) exist in recent demographic studies based on sexual orientation, the reason for this being "seriously flawed methodology." The Turner et al. (1998) study confirms this fact for adolescent males (age 15 to 19 years) who were asked questions about their homosexual activities using pencil-and-paper methodology compared to using computer technology. Underestimating errors average 400%.
By the early 1940s, psychiatrists are actively teach the idea that homosexually active males are seriously ill, very dangerous, and a great threat to society. Psychiatry used the "mental disorder" label, and legislators used the decree that all male homosexual activities were criminal acts, to help society wage a major war against male homosexuality. The current definition of the word "fag" or "faggot," or "gay," as learned and rendered by North American adolescents."
The male youth (15- to 24-years-old) suicide rate has increased 3-fold since the 1950s, but the increase was 5-fold for 15- to 19-year-old males, and the most information about gay/bisexual male suicide problems now exists for males in this age group. Related data in Table 1. Males account for 92% of the additional male and female youth deaths from suicide since 1950. Therefore the increase in youth suicides is almost all a male problem.
Tremblay (1995) proposes that up to 50% of male youth suicides, but this idea has been negated by mainstream suicidologists. Bagley and Tremblay (1997) propose that maybe more than 50% of male youth suicides involve homosexually oriented males.
Mainstream suicidologists continue to ignore homosexuality issues in spite of the cumulating evidence indicated the overrepresentation of gay and bisexual males in male youth suicide problems.
Suicide attempt incidence of gay males to the age 17 years rises from 5% in the 1950s to 30% in the 1980s and 1990s.
Homosexually oriented male adolescents at much greater risk for suicide attempts than their heterosexual counterpart by a factor of 6 to 7 times. For homosexually oriented female adolescents, the greater risk factor is 1.5 to 2 times compared to heterosexually oriented females.
Homosexually oriented adolescents are at greater risk for the more serious suicide behaviors, compared to heterosexually oriented adolescents: Table 2. The risk factors would be much greater for males if the results were available for males only. Maybe by a factor of 14-times as reported by Bagley and Tremblay (1997) for the most serious forms of suicide attempts. Note 6: The relative incidence of suicide attempters in the Garofalo et al. (1998) study would be 33% versus 5.1% for GBN males compared to heterosexual males. GBN adolescent males, forming 4.6% of the males sampled, represent 25% of the adolescent male suicide attempters. Note 7: A need for researcher to differentiate between a "suicide attempt" and acts of "self-harm" often classified to be suicide attempts.
The Remafedi et al. (1991) study of GB male youth: The males are at great risk for serious suicide attempts with a significant risk of resulting deaths. The high proportion of homosexually oriented male adolescents who attempt suicide places them at higher risk for an eventual suicide either as adolescents or later in life.
Table 3: For six American studies of gay and bisexual male youth, about 30% report having attempted suicide. Of these, 44% attempted suicide at least one more time.
Tremblay (1995) suggested that a mean spirited objective had motivated the production of the 1995 Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior special issues on "Sexual Orientation" edited by Muehrer, Moscicki, and Potter (1995) who are from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC).
The CDC still does not show by example that "sexual orientation" information should be solicited from adolescents who participate in Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Rare YRBS studies which have solicited "sexual orientation" information, however, do report that homosexually oriented male adolescents are at much greater risk for a suicide attempt than their heterosexual counterparts.
The probability that homosexually oriented male youth account for at least 50 percent of suicide attempters, and the fact that these males are more at risk than heterosexual males for the more serious suicide behaviors, such as more serious forms of suicide attempts, leads to the informed proposition that more than 50 percent of male youth suicides (maybe up to 75 percent) involve males for whom homosexuality issues are, or have been, a significant factor in their lives.
Bell and Weinberg (1978) reported that 22% of first time suicide attempts occurred after the age of 25 years. About 43 percent of all first time suicide attempts associated with homosexuality issues were related to problems in a homosexual relationship. Suicide reattempting rates have remained high over the last 50 years, and may have risen a little, from 39% to 44%. Note 9: Not all suicide attempt by homosexually oriented males are related to homosexuality issues, and a significant number - about 35% - are not related to negative events such as "coming out" events or "negative homosexuality-related self-perception" issues.
The Remafedi et al (1991) data indicates that gay/bisexual male youth who have engaged in prostitution, been sexually abused, have been runaways, and have been arrested have elevated suicide attempt rates. There is also a general "suicide attempt" risk decrease from males being "feminine," to males being "masculine," the former having a 4.4 times greater likelihood for having attempted suicide than their "masculine" counterparts (48% vs 11%).
Problems often associated with suicide behaviors are likely ongoing for many gay and bisexual youth after they make more formal contact with gay communities. The suicide problems of boys involved in prostitution: seeking to be loved by an older male. Other young males also seeking love from older males are often just used and may be at risk for suicide problems.
Some problems of males who self-identify as gay or bisexual in early adolescence to middle adolescence: highest risk for suicide behaviors often associated with high risk for family problems, being runaways or throwaways, becoming street youth, being sexual abused after beginning to seek sexual partners often via public / anonymous sex venues, and substance abuse.
The ongoing substance abuse problems of homosexually oriented adolescents equals greater risk for suicide problems. Note 10: Youth Risk Behavior Surveys report much higher rates of varied substance use and abuse by homosexually oriented adolescents.
In the recent history of homosexuality in the western world, there has been an association between males who identify as homosexual or gay and high levels of femininity. Bell et al. (1981) reported that gender nonconformity was the single most statistically significant difference between predominantly homosexual males and predominantly heterosexual males.
Table 4: Degrees of femininity reported by Bell and Weinberg (1981) for predominantly homosexual males before they became adults are similar to the sex role femininity ratings reported by Remafedi et al. (1991) for gay and bisexual male adolescents. "Feminine" gay and bisexual male youth are at much greater risk for suicide attempts than are their "masculine" counterparts.
Gay bisexual male youth with enough "femininity" to result in their classification outside the "masculine" sex role category is associated with a 3-times greater likelihood of reporting a suicide attempt compared to "masculine" gay and bisexual males.
Eric Rofes (1995) describes the problems of "sissy" boys in school and in society, including the role of bullies.
Mandel (1996) reports that boys are still learning to greatly devalue femininity which reflects their misogyny learned at a very young age: Unlike the ways in which girls can and do value masculinity, boys do not and cannot value femininity."
Pharr (1988, 1993) links the misogyny of boys at puberty to their anti-gay attitudes.
Rofes (1995) reports on the very common sissy histories of many gay males who often transform themselves into different being after venturing into gay communities.
Eric Rofes (1995) speaks on the problems of having "sissy" boy issues addressed even by gay advocates for the welfare of gay and bisexual male children and adolescents.
Boney (1996) describes the anti-sissy male attitudes even in the theatre world. Sedgwick (1993) is quoted with respect to the ongoing "war on effeminate boys."
Boney (1996) reports having done to himself what the many variations of the anti-sissy bullies had not managed to do: make him become acceptably 'masculine'. This is very much related to the common anti-feminine male attitude of gay communities.
Bailey (2000) reports that, on the basis of research results, "we have found that gay men are strongly prejudiced against feminine men as sex partners."
About 80 percent of gay or bisexual identified adolescent males and young adults venturing into gay communities have varying levels of often detectable "femininity," with about 25 percent being "feminine" (Remafedi et al., 1991).
One of the ways gay males lie, of the many ways listed in four major categories and 34 subcategories, is via in their appearance, and "muscles" headed the list of eleven ways gay males lie physically. Result of the de Luze (1990) ethnomethodology study done in Paris France.
The issue of gay stereotypes in Australia's Here for Life' Youth Sexuality Project. Note 13: Information related to the Australian Final Report of the 'Here for Life" Youth Sexuality Project. Graham Brown is a contact for anyone wishing to address issues related to gay stereotypes and problems which may develop with gay and lesbian youth groups.
Is the suicide problems a "sexual orientation" issue, or it is really a "sissy" (i.e. gender nonconformity) issue? And if "we" do not tackle that issue, can we honestly say that we are addressing the GB adolescent male suicide problems?
Community attachments may not be positive for all gay and bisexual males. Male prostitution is often the first community attachment a significant number of adolescent gay and bisexual males have with gay communities.
Significant problems may exist in some youth groups for sexual minority youth and the problems should be addressed.
Note 14: Gay youth are reported to be at risk for sexual assault / rape after they venture into gay communities.
'Ongoing' Psychiatric Problems for Gay and Bisexual Males: MDD (Major Depressive Disorder), Substance Abuse, Personality Disorders, Effects of Minority Stress. 'At Risk' Subpopulations. The Remafedi (1999) research proposals.
Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data Sets:
The questions related to "sexual orientation" which have been asked to date in some YRBS studies. Table 5: The available YRBS Data Sets.
The YRBS Studies Which Solicited "Homosexuality" Information: A Meta-Like Analysis Proposed. All analyses should be done for males and females separately.
Proposal for One Variable Correlations, Multiple Variable Correlations, Multivariate Cluster Analysis, and exploration for "At Risk" Subpopulations of homosexually oriented males.
The association of higher risk for suicide problems with harassment based on the the assumption that one is homosexual (Seattle, 1995 YRBS, and other studies) has not yet been reported in peer reviewed studies. Table 6: Suicide Attempt Results Based on Sexual Identity and Being / Not Being Targeted for Anti-Gay Abuse in the Seattle (1995) Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
Seattle (1995) YRBS Study: "The Homosexuality Factor" (includes anti-gay harassment) is associated with about 30 percent (29%) of adolescent suicide attempters, and almost 40 percent (37.3%) of suicide attempters reporting that receiving medical attention was associated with their suicide attempts.
Youth Risk Behavior Survey: Standardizing Questions
Sexual Behavior (For the previous 5 Years, the previous 12-months, including the number of sex partners of either gender.)
Gender Conformity (A Self-Evaluation) / Harassment Based on Gender Nonconformity and/or Assumed Sexual Orientation when in Elementary School and in Junior High School.
Suicide Behaviors (Previous 12-month period, with questions exploring the severity of suicide attempt, hospitalization and resulting therapy, and intent to die.) The questions are intended to answer the unknowns listed in Table 2.
Suicide Behaviors (Similar questions for the period preceding the last 12-Month period. This data will produce a lifetime incidence for suicide attempts when combined with results for the previous 12-month period.)
Youth Risk Behavior Survey: Error Determination
A proposal to carry out a YRBS study using computer technology as opposed to pencil-and-paper methodology to establish the magnitude of error between the two methodologies. The Turner et al. (1998) study reported that, on average, for males aged 16 to 19 years, the pencil-and-paper methodology produced an average underestimate of 400% for males acknowledging having engaged in various forms of same-gender sexual activity. Bagley and Tremblay (1998) generated data indicating that methodologies other than computer technology had been producing underestimating errors ranging from 200% to 800% in the reporting of varied adult male homosexual realities.
Mainstream Population Sampling
Truly Random Sampling and Stratified Random Sampling.
Sampling using Random Telephone Dialing Method and Related Underestimates. Overestimates of GLB People of Color in Telephone-Based samples?
Longitudinal Studies Using Cohorts:
Birth Cohorts (New Zealand). This cohort was used by Fergusson et al. (1999) to confirm that, by the age of 21, homosexually oriented males and females had been at great risk for a suicide attempt and other problems. Note 15: Another study from New Zealand based on the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (DMHDS) cohort is being prepared for peer review.
Cohorts selected when individuals were five or six years of age have also been used in research. Such a sample was used by Reinherz et al. (1995) who reported that gender nonconformity in preschool ("behaviors that are counter to typical gender norms, such as aggressive behavior in females and dependence in males") was one of the "early gender-specific risks for suicidal ideation."
CARDIA Cohort Study began as a sample of young adults: Demography results based on sexual orientation (Table 7). The result replicate the Bagley and Tremblay (1998) demographic results for young adult males.
Special Samples in Studies of Homosexuality
Vietnam Era Twin Registry sample was used by Herrell et al. (1999) who reported that homosexually oriented males were at greater risk for suicide attempts in their lifetime than their heterosexual counterparts.
Community Based Samples: Obtained a subset of individuals for study from random sampling is often expensive and community based samples of these individuals are used to explored a number of factors related to their lives. Examples: Remafedi et al. (1991), and most studies of gay and bisexual individuals have been in this category.
Samples in Special Communities: Male Homosexuality may be studied in other special populations, such as male psychiatric populations. Examples given of homosexuality results from studies of predominantly schizophrenic and schizoaffective males which have produced results indicating that about 19% of these males report being homosexually active, and significant number (10 to 50 percent) report being involved in prostitution.
Psychiatric Populations in Studies of Suicide: Homosexual males are overrepresented in the population with a history of having received a psychiatric diagnosis. One study reported that 33% of suicides in a psychiatric population was associated with homosexually oriented individuals. As a rule this factor is ignored in studies of suicide in psychiatric populations, as it is studies of suicidality in mainstream populations.
6. The role of Grounded Theory and Ethnomethodology Studies in the Research of Male Homosexual Realities.
"Researchers must know the community they are studying." What is "The Gay Community."
C. Ethnomethodology Studies Needed to Better Understand Gay Community Attributes: Racism, Public Sex Arena, Lying, Biphobia, Effects of Community 'Norms', Etc.. The objective is to explore what may be the community realities which may not coincide with the appearances.
C. Grounded Theory Data Intake Methodology is needed to explore realities possibly not yet recognized to have major associations with certain problems such as high risk for suicide in gay and bisexual male youth populations. Other factors than correlated variables may be most implicated in human problems.
It is noted that in a Calgary SPAN (Suicide Prevention Advocacy Network) group, five parents had teenage sons who had committed suicide. I eventually discovered that two of the older suicide victims (17 and 19 years of age) were homosexually oriented, and the two in their lower teens (14 years of age) had a history of being "sissies" and being abused accordingly. Three of these teenage male suicide victims had committed suicide in 1995 and were from the greater Calgary area. On the basis of the evidence, it is concluded that about 50 percent of all youth suicides (male and female) may involved homosexually oriented males.
Note 1: Contemporary concepts of "sexual orientation" are being challenged.
Note 2: Bisexuality has been ignored or condemned as a part of binary politics. A 'collaboration' seems to have existed between apparent heterosexual people and homosexual (gay- and lesbian-identified) people in this respect.
Note 3: Kinsey et al. (1948) reports that homosexuality more common in working-class males compared to upper-class males, by a factor of 200 to 500 percent. The Dowsett (1994) report on homosexuality in the working-class city of Nullangardie, Australia.
Note 4: Growing up in a word where adolescent boys are being 'told' by Catholic priests that their homosexual activities are minor sins: something like telling a lie.
Note 5: Male homosexuality appears to have been extremely common in British Navies where some practices were similar to the ones reported to have existed in male prisons. About 25 percent of young adult males are sexually assaulted in Australian prisons.
Note 6: The relative incidence of suicide attempters in the Garofalo et al. (1998) study would be 33% versus 5.1% for GBN males compared to heterosexual males. GBN adolescent males, forming 4.6% of the males sampled, represent 25% of the adolescent male suicide attempters.
Note 7: A need for researcher to differentiate between a "suicide attempt" and acts of "self-harm" often classified to be suicide attempts, even in mainstream suicidology.
Note 8: The OR (Odds Ratio for engaging in self-harm and attempting suicide) are given for the Bagley and Tremblay (1997) study related to the suicidality of homosexually oriented males compared to heterosexually oriented males.
Note 9: Not all suicide attempt by homosexually oriented males are related to homosexuality issues, and a significant number - about 35% - are not related to negative events such as "coming out" events or "negative homosexuality related self-perception" issues.
Note 10: Youth Risk Behavior Surveys report much higher rates of varied substance use and abuse by homosexually oriented adolescents.
Note 11: The OR (Odds Ratio for engaging in self-harm and attempting suicide) are given for the Remafedi et al. (1991) data for gay and bisexual male youth with any significant degree of femininity compared to gay and bisexual male youth classified to be "masculine."
Note 12: French excerpts from de Luze (1990) translated by author in the paper.
Note 13: Information related to the Australian Final Report of the 'Here for Life" Youth Sexuality Project. Graham Brown is a contact for anyone wishing to address issues related to gay stereotypes and problems which may develop with gay and lesbian youth groups.
Note 15: Another study from New Zealand based on the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (DMHDS) cohort is being prepared for peer review.
Table 1: American Youth Suicide Rates: 1950 to 1990 Increasing Youth Suicides: A 90% Male Problem.
Table 2: GLB Youth: Increasing "At Risk" Status For The More Serious Suicide Problems: Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results.
Table 3: G(L)B Youth Lifetime "Suicide Attempt" DATA Published Studies (American).
Table 4: Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith (1981) Femininity / Masculinity Self-Rating Childhood to Age 17.
Table 5: Youth Risk Behavior Surveys / Other Surveys: Available Data Sets.
Table 6: Suicide Attempt Results Based on Sexual Identity and Being / Not Being Targeted for Anti-Gay Abuse. Seattle (1995) Youth Risk Behavior Survey.
Table 7: Cardia Cohort: Lifetime Same-Sex Partners (Totals - Weighted Results)
Two Hundred References (Approximately).
Top of Page Comments to:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Perfect for weddings, banquets, parties, receptions, or any place you wish to create an elegant look.
Great as a chair or pew bow, sash or table runner. Use to wrap your wedding favors or gifts.
Vibrant color. Easy to sew, tie, or shape into the perfect look.


text:
Las Vegas All Destinations
Explore Las Vegas
All Las Vegas Tours
R&B/Soul Concerts
All Language Classes
Taco Tours
Dam Tours
All Private and Luxury
Gondola Rides at the Venetian
Lake Mead Cruises
Don't-Miss Dishes in Las Vegas
Top Shopping Spots in Las Vegas
How to Get Around in Las Vegas
Culture Lovers Guide to Las Vegas
Self-Drive Grand Canyon Day Trips From Las Vegas
Things to Do in Las Vegas This Spring
You selected this activity
Grand Canyon National Park VIP Tour from Las Vegas
Explore the most popular areas of the Grand Canyon on this guided, full-day sightseeing adventure around the South Rim. Beginning in Las Vegas, travel past Hoover Dam, Eldorado Canyon State Park and famous Route 66 in Kingman, Arizona en route to the Grand Canyon's South Rim for an entertaining and educational 3-hour tour. See a number of different panoramic views from various lookout locations while learning about the history and geology of the canyon from the expert tour guide. Continental breakfast, lunch, bottled water and Las Vegas hotel pickup/drop-off included.
… Learn More
14 hours (Approx.)
More activities to help you explore Las Vegas
Up to 1 hour (108)
1 to 4 hours (379)
4 hours to 1 day (329)
1 to 3 days (55)
3+ days (43)
Deals & Discounts (10)
Free Cancellation (527)
Skip-The-Line (16)
Private Tour (245)
New on Viator (105)
726 Tours and Tickets in Las Vegas
Las Vegas Helicopter Night Flight with Optional VIP Transportation
See the bright lights of the Las Vegas Strip and the surrounding region during this nighttime helicopter flight. Soar over this famous stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard with an exclusive sightseeing tour of Sin City's downtown skyline and beyond, including the Bellagio, the Mirage, and the Fremont Street Experience. Your flight covers approximately 20 miles (32 kilometers) and includes a celebratory glass of sparkling wine. There are a variety of departure times available throughout the evening to fit into almost any schedule. Hotel pickup and drop-off by Mercedes Sprinter is included (if option selected).
Red Rock Canyon Sunset Horseback Ride and Barbeque
Immerse yourself in the rugged, wide-open beauty of the Nevada desert and experience true cowboy hospitality on a sunset horseback ride through Red Rock Canyon. With an expert wrangler leading the way, ride along a winding mountainous trail through desert shrub and inspiring rock formations. After watching the sun set over Las Vegas Valley, enjoy a campfire barbecue complete with grilled meats, corn on the cob and cowboy s'mores. Includes round-trip transfers from select Las Vegas hotels.
Grand Canyon West Rim Luxury Helicopter Tour
Hop onboard a helicopter for a luxury sightseeing tour to the Grand Canyon. Listen to informative commentary from your pilot as you get an aerial perspective on the majestic grandeur of the Grand Canyon and Colorado River. On the way, you'll also see landmarks such as Hoover Dam, Lake Mead, Black Canyon, and the Las Vegas strip. Your tour includes a stop at the Grand Canyon West airport, with time for some quick shopping at a Native American gift boutique.
Antelope Canyon and Horseshoe Bend Day Tour from Las Vegas
Head to Arizona on this tour from Las Vegas to Antelope Canyon and Horseshoe Bend, two natural attractions that are favorites of the American Southwest. One of the most-photographed slot canyons in the world, Antelope Canyon offers sandstone scenery and vantage points you can't find elsewhere. At Horseshoe Bend, on the Colorado River, admire its rock formation and interesting markings. Along the way, a driver-guide provides information and answers questions. Breakfast and hotel pickup and drop-off are included. Small-group tour is limited to 14 people.
Emerald Cave Kayak Tour on The Colorado River from Las Vegas
Experience the serenity of Emerald Cave, a picturesque natural attraction on the Colorado River. This kayaking tour takes a small group max of 15 people paddling up the river with a guide. Stop for snacks and swimming along the way. Round-trip hotel transport is provided from Las Vegas to Willow Beach in Arizona.
Las Vegas Hot Air Balloon Ride
Fly over the Pahrump valley in a colorful hot air balloon on this exciting tour. Get a bird's-eye view of the stunning desert and mountain scenery, located about an hour away from the Las Vegas Strip. Soar as high as 10,000 feet—one of the highest flights available in the area—for unparalleled views. Upon landing, enjoy a Champagne toast to commemorate your scenic flight.
Ultimate Hoover Dam Tour from Las Vegas With Lunch
On this enjoyable tour, you will get a comprehensive VIP tour of the Hoover Dam. This tour gets you to the dam before the crowds arrive, giving you more time to enjoy your destination! Included is a bonus stop at the Las Vegas Welcome sign, a stop at the Hoover Dam Museum in Boulder City, the Hoover Dam memorial bridge (where you can get beautiful photos of the dam from afar), and this tour also includes the exclusive, signature tour, "Walk on the Top". This is a 45 min fully guided tour over the Hoover Dam, with your guide touching on a wide variety of subjects relating to the dam including stories of its construction, unbelievable facts and figures related to the dam, and information regarding the fascinating operations of the dam. A seated hot freshly cooked lunch at a restaurant is also included as well as complimentary Mac King tickets ($45 value)
Morning Maverick Horseback Ride with Breakfast from Las Vegas
Saddle up for a scenic and leisurely Wild West horseback ride led by expert wranglers. After your expedition, revitalize with a hearty cowboy-style pancake and egg breakfast. Your tour includes round-trip hotel transport from the Las Vegas Strip to a working horse ranch where you're treated to gorgeous views of the desert landscape.
Explore more of Las Vegas
5 Best Weekend Getaways from Las Vegas
Head into the desert for water sports, spiritual vortexes, a world wonder, and more—all less than a 5-hour drive from Vegas.
A Venetian Mixologist's Guide to Las Vegas
A mixologist from the Venetian spills on Sin City's best drinks, bites, and sights—and reveals how and where to capture that "Old Vegas" feel.
Top Hiking Trails in Red Rock Canyon
Get back to nature and work off those cocktails with our pick of the best hiking trails in Red Rock Canyon.
10 Things You Didn't Know You Could Do in Vegas
It's not all gambling in Las Vegas. Here, you can play with heavy equipment, channel an inner circus performer, and meet your own personal Elvis.
Where to Find the Best Views of the Grand Canyon
From helicopter rides to white-water rafting, some of the best Grand Canyon views require you to get off the ground.
Must-See Museums in Las Vegas
Bright lights, entertainment, and the mafia—these top museums in Las Vegas cover it all.
How to Get Off the Beaten Path in Las Vegas
There's more to Vegas than the neon lights and casinos of the Strip. Here's our pick of Sin City's lesser-known sights and hidden gems.
How to Tackle Vegas as a First Timer
From party-rocking on the Strip to premier entertainment and sightseeing, here are some must-do Vegas activities for first timers.
Choosing the Right Las Vegas Show For You
Headlining residences and world-class shows draw as many travelers to Vegas as the casinos and legendary nightlife scene. Here's how to pick the right show for you.
Red Rock Canyon with Rocky Gap 4x4 Jeep Adventure
Just minutes from the Las Vegas strip is a nature-lover's paradise—Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area. From the comfort of a 4x4 Jeep Wrangler, this guided tour takes you on a thrilling 13-mile off-road adventure with a side excursion through Rocky Gap. Enjoy views of the Red Spring Mountain Range, Calico Hills, fossilized sand dunes, and other unique geological features. Park entrance fee, bottled water, and hotel pickup and drop-off is included.
2-Hour Horseback Riding through Red Rock Canyon
Take a break from the glitz and clamor of the Las Vegas Strip for a true western adventure on a 2-hour horseback ride through spectacular Red Rock Canyon. Climb atop a trusted mount and ride through a rugged landscape of desert valleys and ravines, while a friendly cowboy wrangler leads the way. Whether it's your first time on a horse or you're an experienced rider, it's a great way to experience the mystical Nevada desert.
Emerald Cave Kayak Tour with Optional Las Vegas Pickup
Whether you are an experienced paddle sports enthusiast or just curious about how much fun you can have on the water, you've come to the right place. If you are looking for a way to relax in a beautiful environment, call us! We offer individuals, families, small groups and amateur kayakers full day & half day professionally guided tours on the Colorado River. Come enjoy a different desert experience and check off the Hoover Dam kayaking on the Colorado river from your bucket list all in one day. We also have stand up paddle boards, recreational canoe and kayaks available to rent. Please enjoy surfing our site, then come and join us on the water!
Extended Grand Canyon West Rim Air-Only Helicopter Tour
Fly to the West Rim of the Grand Canyon, and soar over the canyon walls into its mysterious depths on this scenic flight from Las Vegas. Marvel at sights such as the Hoover Dam, Lake Mead, and Fortification Hill from above, then feel the exhilaration of flying along the rim of the Grand Canyon. Choose from several departure times for this tour, which includes round-trip hotel transport.
Grand Canyon West Rim by Tour Trekker with Optional Upgrades
Travel to the West Rim of the Grand Canyon by luxury SUV on this small-group tour from Las Vegas. You have several upgrade options: take a full tour of Hoover Dam en route; fly to the bottom of the Grand Canyon in a helicopter for spectacular views; or cruise down the Colorado River by boat after the heli-flight. Spend free time exploring the Grand Canyon's attractions at your leisure. Round-trip hotel transport and lunch are included.
Valley of Fire Hiking Tour from Las Vegas
On the outskirts of Vegas, once the neon lights fade and the sound of traffic is replaced by the rush of the wind, the Valley of Fire is a geologic wonder that's best explored on two feet. On this Valley of Fire hiking excursion, marvel at Native American petroglyphs that are believed to be 3,000 years old, and enjoy the multihued desert scenery in Nevada's oldest state park. Pass Lake Mead and the Moapa Indian Reservation. This small-group tour has a variable duration—depending on the difficulty of hike you choose.
Red Rock Canyon Electric Bike Half-Day Tour
Cruise through Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area on an electric bike for a 13-mile (21-km) bike tour that follows a beautiful, paved back road. Great for mixed groups, the electric assist means you can pedal as much or as little as you want while riding past petroglyphs, sandstone formations, and Joshua tree forests before returning to Las Vegas. Hotel pickup and drop-off included. Summer Departure: June 15 to September 15 at 9:15am Fall Departure: September 16 to November 30 at 10am Winter Departure: December 1 to March 31 at 11am Spring Departure: April 1 to June 14 at 10am
Hoover Dam Hummer Tour from Las Vegas
Travel to the Hoover Dam in a luxury Hummer H2 during this half-day excursion from Las Vegas. Upon arrival, take the Discovery Tour, an experience that includes riding an elevator into the depths of the Black Canyon's walls to check out the power plant generators.


text:
Tatler - Using Meghan Markle to sell Magazines or What?
No wonder why the Duke and Duchess are paranoid about their press coverage.
Take UK Tatler magazine - in September of this year Tatler crowned Meghan number 1 in their list of top 10 social risers (i.e. social climbers in a non-flattering way). Tatler wrote that the Duchess of Sussex was "the pinnacle of the greasy pole. Not quite a rags-to-riches tale (she was privately educated and her scapegrace father won an Emmy for lighting direction) but the Ralph & Russo-clad beacon of change has found a role that suits her to perfection: a tungsten toughie to drag the royal family into the 21st century."
Today Tatler announced that an image of Meghan will have the honour of gracing the cover of their December 2019 and 310th edition. The editor of Tatler wrote today:
"Arriving on the social scene 310 years ago in 1709, Tatler has always reported from the front lines of High Society, giving readers the inside track on the most important and influential people in the country.
So who better to appear on the cover of the special 310th Anniversary Issue than HRH The Duchess of Sussex, the most talked about woman of the day? Tatler conducted an exclusive nationwide poll on the country's opinions on Meghan and four writers share their differing takes on the Duchess: Lynn Barber, Afua Hirsch, Yasmin Alibhai-Brown and Lionel Shriver.
'I think the Duchess of Sussex is fabulous. I love that she is independent and not afraid of doing things her own way. I like her fashion choices, which are sophisticated and grown-up, and the way she is bringing a breath of California cool to the drab and dusty corridors of the old guard,' says Richard Dennen, Editor-in-Chief of Tatler."
Making a buck out of the Duchess of Sussex or maybe Tatler are changing their tune, frightened of being next in line to be sued in that 'cool' American way!


text:
The New York Times launches a Facebook group to discuss podcasts (and learn to make better ones)
Plus: Maximum Fun finds big success with its fundraising campaign, The Bernie Sanders Show finds a big audience with low production values, and a look at the live podcast events business.
By Nicholas Quah April 11, 2017, 10:30 a.m.
Editor's note: Hot Pod is a weekly newsletter on the podcasting industry written by Nick Quah; we happily share it with Nieman Lab readers each Tuesday.
Welcome to Hot Pod, a newsletter about podcasts. This is issue 115, published April 11, 2017.
Maximum Funded. Maximum Fun, the L.A.-based podcast company led by radio wunderkind Jesse Thorn, recently concluded the latest edition of its aptly named MaxFunDrive, the yearly membership drive it organizes to refresh and expand its recurring support base. The network is home to a sprawling range of programming — including the well loved My Brother, My Brother and Me, Magic Lessons with Elizabeth Gilbert, and Pop Rocket — with distinctly community-oriented vibes, and the company has long used the membership support structure as its primary engine.
The campaign, which officially wrapped at the end of March, was incredibly successful: By the end of its two-week run, the network had gathered 24,181 new and upgrading members, overshadowing its initial goal of 10,000. "We were really nervous," MaxFun's Bikram Chatterji told me, with a touch of exhaustion, when we spoke over the phone on the Monday after the drive. Chatterji is the network's relatively new managing director, barely seven months into the role, and he was telling me about losing for sleep for fear of missing even the initial target.
[Insert Casper mattress joke here, set laptop on fire.]
"It was the highest target we ever set for ourselves," he said, noting that last year's goal was a comparatively modest 5,000. (The final haul for last year was somewhere over 9,000.) When this year's campaign kicked off in mid-March, it surpassed its initial 10,000 target within a week.
Hot Pod: What will happen to the election podcast boom on Nov. 9?
Nicholas Quah
It's a significant achievement, especially when you put that number in context. Maximum Fun has six available recurring support tiers ranging from $5 a month to $200 a month, and Chatterji informed me that the network went into this year's drive with around 20,000 active supporting members. "So within that 24,181, there was obviously a mix of both new members and longer-term members who upgraded," he explained. "Both of these cohorts are really important to us." For a quick comparison, Radiotopia — which uses a similar member support structure, though it only shifted to a recurring support model in 2015 — closed its 2016 drive with over 6,200 new supporters, and it went into that campaign with slightly over 12,500 active recurring donors. (According to my number crunching, anyway. My writeup on that campaign can be found here.)
How all of those new, upgrading, and existing MaxFun members translate into the network's actual revenue picture depends on how you figure the distribution across its various support tiers, and you're going to have to guess on that: Understandably, Chatterji declined to share the specific breakdown. But he was kind enough to oblige when I asked about the broader picture, and how the revenue is typically used within the business.
I'm told that membership funds accounted for about 70 percent of the company's revenue in 2016 — that proportion is expected to hold — with the rest being made up of advertising revenue and money from a distribution deal with NPR that revolves around Bullseye, Thorn's interview show. "We also do a tiny bit of consulting," Chatterji added. Almost three-quarters of the money raised from the membership drive goes directly to the shows; when a new membership is confirmed, listeners are asked to name the shows they listen to, and that impacts the proportion of the money that goes to those programs. "Doing that creates a real sense of connection between the shows and the listeners," Chatterji explains. "It also allows us to offer potential shows a very clear value proposition in working with us." The rest of the funding gets distributed across administration costs, show development, and general office maintenance.
So that's the broad shape of Maximum Fun's business, and one could argue that MaxFun's achievements with this year's drive further solidify the value of the membership model for network proprietors that may be anxious over the erraticisms of the advertising business. But it should be noted that MaxFun's current picture is the product of almost a decade's worth of work building out a community of fans and getting the company to this point; indeed, this edition of the MaxFunDrive is the latest in a very long line that goes back to 2008. It should also be noted that a membership model is, intuitively speaking, probably better suited for some kinds of shows and listener communities compared to others — which is all to say, MaxFun's real achievement here is having built out a company on the strength of a model that directly channels the spirit of the enterprise.
"Yeah, I don't know," Chatterji replied, when I asked if the MaxFun structure is replicable. "I think the evolution of this model is so organic…So much of it from the start has been about Jesse, his vision, his way of doing things, and the community that he's built around himself."
Pea-pod. The list of finalists for the 2017 Peabody Awards — which recognize works of broadcasting and the web in service of the public — is out, and the radio/podcast category sports some really interesting entries, including the kids podcast The Unexplainable Disappearance of Mars Patel, Marlo Mack's wonderful How To Be A Girl, APM Reports' In The Dark, The Heart's devastating Silent Evidence Series, and interestingly, Homecoming, Gimlet's experimental fiction project. The full list can be found here, and congrats to all.
Meanwhile, at BuzzFeed. The digital media giant — octopus? — launched a new podcast last week, and it's a timely one. It's called Newsfeed with BuzzFeed Ben, an interview show hosted by editor-in-chief Ben Smith that sets its sights on the increasingly perturbing nexus of politics, media, and technology. The inaugural episode features former Obama strategist David Axelrod, and it doubles as the second part of the same conversation that began in last week's episode of Axelrod's own interview podcast, The Axe Files, which had featured Smith as the guest. If all these newsy interview podcasts feel like they make up some crowded, conjoined expanded comic book universe, I totally feel you.
And so does Recode's Peter Kafka, apparently, who wrote up the new BuzzFeed podcast. His piece, by the way, contains a pretty juicy data point for observers: BuzzFeed's podcasts reportedly generated 9 million downloads in 2016, a good chunk of which was apparently driven by Another Round. For reference, the company had five active podcasts throughout the year, and though I can't find any good numbers on Another Round's download performance — aside from a Forbes 40 Under 40 item published in early 2016 honoring cohost Heben Nigatu that places monthly listener numbers at a vague "hundreds of thousands" — the overall number doesn't strike me as particularly surprising. (Here's the link to that 40 Under 40 item; beware the usual Forbes ad-avalanche.)
Kafka's writeup also notes that No One Knows Anything, the company's politics podcast (which I first wrote about last May), is being rebooted with new talent behind the mic: The show will now be hosted by Kate Nocera, BuzzFeed's Washington bureau chief, and senior writer Charlie Warzel. No One Knows anything was originally anchored by Evan McMorris-Santoro, who left the company last August to join the Vice News Tonight team.
At the Times, a Podcast Club. Last Wednesday, The New York Times published a fascinating interactive titled "9 Podcast Episodes Worth Discussing," which served as a tiny door into a much broader enterprise: a digital listening club, one that's being largely conducted over a moderated Facebook group where new podcast episodes of concern are posted every Monday for members to discuss in long, threaded comments sections. It's open to the public, and at this writing, the group is fast approaching 10,000 members.
Samantha Henig, the Times' editorial director for audio, tells me that the club isn't part of any broader New York Times Facebook group strategy; rather, it's an extension of something that had organically formed within the organization. "When we first announced that we were starting an audio team at The New York Times" — that was last March, by the way — "pretty much everyone I ran into at work started gushing to me about how excited they were and how much they love podcasts," Henig told me. Some, she said, had even been running their own personal podcast clubs, and so she figured, what if they made a company-wide version of that?
"My main goal was to harness all that energy and enthusiasm in the building around podcasts, and get a bunch of smart and engaged people in a room together," she said. "And, selfishly, I thought it would help me and our growing audio team be smarter about our own programming if we're in regular discussion about what's working best or falling flat in other shows."
And so they did. The club eventually drew a varied mix of attendees from throughout the organization, from reporters to developers to data analysts to whatever you call those people working in business development, and Henig describes a wide age range — she notes a higher representation of young folks than what one might usually expect from the Times, while also singling out Ben Weiser, "a Metro reporter who has been one of the most loyal and enthusiastic members but is very much not a millennial" — as well as a variety in taste.
When I asked about the decision to bring the club out into the wild, Henig said: "The Podcast Club has always felt like a very special thing, in part because it scratches an itch that no doubt exists beyond the office. There are lots of people listening to podcasts and eager to discuss what they're in the middle of or to hear recommendations for what to try next. So [executive producer of audio] Lisa Tobin and I have been thinking for a while about how to go bigger with it."
Here's the Facebook Group, and the supporting RadioPublic playlist.
Weekend at Bernie's. You might have heard over the weekend that Bernie Sanders, the senator from Vermont, rival to Hillary Clinton for the Democratic candidacy in the 2016 presidential campaign, and Larry David muse, now has a podcast.
At the moment, the Bernie Sanders Show's podcast feed appears to be nothing more than an additional distribution point for the interviews that the senator originally recorded as Facebook Live videos — and that shows in the sound quality, as the available episodes are pretty rough listens. (Though, aside from the near inaudible first episode with Rev. William Barber, it's not all that different from the quality you'd find off the podcast feeds repackaging cable news broadcasts.) All of that sound quality stuff doesn't seem to have affected listeners and Sanders supporters one bit, though: The podcast zipped up the iTunes charts, riding the algorithm that largely privileges novel interaction, where it peaked at the No. 2 spot over the weekend, just under S-Town.
There are a myriad of potential threads baked into this. With the podcast's high chart performance, this might well be a story that reflects on the ideological spread of podcasts as a digital medium and how it can be interpreted as tending to lean somewhat liberal. I've written a little bit about this in the past, mostly from the publisher's side, but the performance of the Bernie feed seems to tell us something about the demand side — or, perhaps more likely, something about the digital savviness of Sanders supporters. In any case, this narrative thread also gestures toward a potential story about the theoretical opportunity podcasts provide political communication: This is a thread whose current history is marked by Hillary Clinton's Pineapple Street–produced campaign podcast With Her, whose prehistory can be traced back to Senator John Edwards setting up his own podcast in 2005 (with assistance from LibSyn evangelist Rob Walch, no less), and whose various related development includes deputy DNC chairman Keith Ellison's revival of his own issues podcast and a couple of Democratic legislators in Missouri trying to push a progressive agenda in a red state. Indeed, there are enough nuggets here to suggest the makings of a possible trend or operational opportunity — but then again, it's just as likely that all of this simply makes for a protracted digital curiosity. We shall see what the future brings to this.
A quick note on live podcasts. Bloomberg published a piece last Friday on the live podcast events business. The article contains some interesting nuggets — Slate's Steve Lickteig tells the reporters that the company's live podcast shows "make money" — but it frames the phenomenon as something in its early, budding, perhaps yet-to-be-proven phase. Notably, the article glosses over Welcome to Night Vale's machinations in this arena, which is unfortunate. As Night Vale co-creator Joseph Fink told me a few weeks ago, live shows have long driven a good deal of the team's business; the shows sell 50,000 to 60,000 tickets a year.
The Night Vale team is currently in its fourth year of touring globally, and its latest production, All Hail, will be hitting cities across North America this spring.
Public Radio updates. A couple stories here:
Looks like the fight for West Virginia Public Broadcasting isn't over yet: shortly after state governor Jim Justice restored WVPB funding in his budget proposal, the state's senate finance committee passed a budget bill last Monday zeroing that very funding out. WVBP's website has more on the story.
Big Bird brass: Retired Army General Stanley McChrystal penned a New York Times op-ed arguing in defense of public broadcasting.
I didn't cover this when it originally took place, but: In February, a legal scuffle broke out between New Hampshire Public Radio and Outside Magazine when the latter's owner, Mariah Media Network, sent a cease-and-desist letter over the station's use of the word "Outside" on one of its podcasts, "Outside/In." The dispute has now been resolved with a negotiated trademark coexistence agreement, according to Current. If all that sounds ridiculous to you, well…you're totally right. It's bananas, b-a-n-a-n-a-s.
Hot Pod: Is the BBC's power to blame for the U.K. podcasting scene's underdevelopment?
Back, but bigger. First Day Back started out as a quiet, introspective podcast by Tally Abecassis, a Canadian documentarian who moved to craft a small, indie project about her personal experience coming back to work after a lengthy maternity leave. The show, which at the time was associated with the podcast collective The Heard, published sporadically throughout 2015 and into mid-2016, and it eventually got the attention of Scripps, the parent company of Midroll. The company reached out to Abecassis in late 2015, and the show was officially picked up last summer.
The podcast's second season debuts today, and it features several significant changes. To begin with, the scope is now expanded from the personal to focus on other people's stories, this time focusing on the tale of a woman as she returns home from prison after years of incarceration for accidentally killing her husband. This type of scope-shifting isn't entirely unprecedented among podcasts; it echoes the trajectory of Millennial, which pointedly widened its viewpoint after being picked up by Radiotopia, and perhaps more directly, of Gimlet's StartUp, which broke from its original season's personal narrative to build future seasons around other companies. First Day Back's sophomore effort also sports the trappings of support from a much larger company: Abecassis is no longer producing the story by herself, but collaborating with Marc Georges, a Scripps producer, and Dave Shaw, an executive producer at the company. There are now launch sponsors too: Audible and ZipRecruiter.
Hot Pod: Is the Stitcher deal a step toward a closed podcast ecosystem?
With corporate trappings, though, come some corporate interests. It's worth noting that the show is now being positioned as a Stitcher production as opposed to a Scripps production, which was how it was framed to me when I initially wrote about the pickup. Between this and Missing Richard Simmons, which listed Stitcher as a co-producer, it would seem that Midroll is steadily working to fashion Stitcher out as its own editorial brand. This might raise some eyebrows given that Stitcher, which was acquired by Scripps and rolled into the Midroll brand early last summer, is primarily known in the marketplace as a podcast listening app, and Midroll has been looking to build a premium subscription business off the platform. Something's going on here, and it's worth keeping an eye on Stitcher.
Anyway, for now, we're talking about Abecassis' experience shifting gears. So I sent her a couple of questions:
Hot Pod: Why did you decide to partner up with a bigger organization?
Abecassis: Well, making good radio or good films requires resources, and there is only so much I can do alone. I think there is a myth that podcasts are easy or inexpensive to make. The kind of work I like doing involves spending a lot of time with a subject, interviewing, investing in the story. Working with a bigger organization means support in doing that — I now have producers and resources that I didn't have before. It allowed me to tackle a much more ambitious story for S2.
I had never intended to keep telling my own story and it had a natural "end point" — it didn't make sense to stretch it beyond that. And the whole point of the first season was about getting back to film and TV! But when the series connected with people, I started thinking about doing more podcasting. And deciding to use the idea of a first day back as a framework to tell other stories got me super excited. I made a list of possible ideas — first day back from the army, from a sports injury, from gender reassignment surgery…All I knew what that I wanted the first one I did to be completely different from Season 1.
Hot Pod: Tell me about your approach to the second season.
Abecassis: The starting point was finding someone who was having a "first day back" from prison, and I really wanted to tell a woman's story. The woman I found had just come out of prison for accidentally killing her husband and her story was so much more complex and layered than I could have anticipated. The whole thing was tailor-made for radio because the woman agreed to being recorded, but did not want her image used. (A TV producer I work with actually asked me if we could do a TV version and the woman would never agree to that.)
Structuring a six-part serialized story is a beast. (I bow down to the S-Town producers; I don't even know how they did what they did.) When we started working on this story, we were really taken with this big WTF moment, that our main character did this horrible thing and she claimed to have no memory of having done it. We also wanted to be honest with our listeners that this isn't your typical whodunnit crime story. She did it. There's no question about that. What makes it a First Day Back story is what her life is like after and how she tries to come back from it. But there are a lot of challenges: the story still has to build, the sequence of events has to have a context, the themes have to weave in and out, and listeners need to feel invested in this woman's story knowing she did something terrible…Marc and I have worked and reworked the whole thing so many different ways. We followed her for over a year, so as you can imagine, there were twists and turns through the course of documenting her story.
First Day Back, despite its Stitcher branding, is available on all platforms.
Bites:
Heads up: Edison Research will be presenting its podcast-specific audience report in a 30-minute webinar on April 18. Registration to view is free, and open. (Edison Research)
WNYC launched its latest podcast, Nancy, this week. (iTunes)
Jian Ghomeshi, the disgraced former host of CBC's Q who was embroiled in a long sexual assault scandal, has apparently resurfaced with a new project. (CBC)
The Hollywood Reporter covered the latest DGital Media project, a podcast by author James Andrew Miller. I'll be keeping an eye out for this because I loved the dude's book on the CAA, but man, this is an…interesting writeup. Anyway, the show, Origins, which will "explore how a single thing — a TV show, album, company or event — came to be," comes out this summer. (THR)
Twenty Thousand Hertz, one of those podcasts that tells stories about sounds, has a writeup by Entrepreneur editor-in-chief Jason Feifer that sheds some light on its rough costs: creator Dallas Taylor spent about $50,000 on producing the show last year, and expects spend $100,000. (Entrepreneur)
S-Town's Brian Reed was on the most recent episode of the Longform podcast, and talked at length about process. The interview is fabulous, and Mystery Show fans will appreciate the detail on Starlee Kine's involvement in the story editing phase. (Longform)
Illustration for The New York Times Podcast Club by Laurent Cilluffo.
POSTED April 11, 2017, 10:30 a.m.
SEE MORE ON Mobile & Apps
TWITTER FACEBOOK EMAIL TUMBLR LINKEDIN
Bikram Chatterji
First Day Back
Jesse Thorn
MaxFunDrive
Maximum Fun
New York Times Podcast Club
Nick Quah
Tally Abecassis
Show tagsHide tags
Quah, Nicholas. "The New York Times launches a Facebook group to discuss podcasts (and learn to make better ones)." Nieman Journalism Lab. Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard, 11 Apr. 2017. Web. 19 Jul. 2019.
Quah, N. (2017, Apr. 11). The New York Times launches a Facebook group to discuss podcasts (and learn to make better ones). Nieman Journalism Lab. Retrieved July 19, 2019, from https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/04/the-new-york-times-launches-a-facebook-group-to-discuss-podcasts-and-learn-to-make-better-ones/
Quah, Nicholas. "The New York Times launches a Facebook group to discuss podcasts (and learn to make better ones)." Nieman Journalism Lab. Last modified April 11, 2017. Accessed July 19, 2019. https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/04/the-new-york-times-launches-a-facebook-group-to-discuss-podcasts-and-learn-to-make-better-ones/.
| url = https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/04/the-new-york-times-launches-a-facebook-group-to-discuss-podcasts-and-learn-to-make-better-ones/
| title = The New York Times launches a Facebook group to discuss podcasts (and learn to make better ones)
| last = Quah
| first = Nicholas
| date = 11 April 2017
| ref = {{harvid|Quah|2017}}
Join the 50,000 who get the freshest future-of-journalism news in our daily email.
Plus: How college students evaluate fake vs. real news, and an algorithm that doesn't just identify fake news but explains why.
A combined GannHouse (Gatenett?) would own 1 out of every 6 daily newspapers in America. The goal? Buy two or three more years to figure out how to make money in digital.
"We're ultimately trying to do this as small and nimble as possible so that we can be seeing what's working and throw out what's not — and quickly being able to shift in a way that's a little bit harder when you're working with a 150-year-old newspaper."


Painting is designed to introduce the art student to a variety of painting techniques and media. Students are experiencing the different characteristics of acrylic, oil and watercolor paints while discovering how various applications can enhance an image and the expression of the artist. The art of Van Gogh, Monet, Picasso, Gauguin, and O'Keefe will be researched and read to gain inspiration and knowledge for the students to employ.


In his characteristically engaging, witty style, Tristan explores the origins of whiskey, from the extraordinary Chinese distillation pioneers well over 2,000 years ago to the discovery of the medicinal 'aqua vitae' (water of life), through to the emergence of what we know as whiskey. Explore the magic of malting, the development of flavor and the astonishing barrel-aging process as you learn about how whiskey is made. In the main chapter, Tristan takes us on a journey through 56 distilleries around the world, exploring their remarkable quirks, unique techniques and flavors, featuring all new location photography from the Scottish Highlands and Ireland to Kentucky and Tennessee. After that, you might choose to make the most of Tristan's formidable bar skills with some inspirational whiskey-based blends and cocktails. This fascinating and comprehensive book is sure to appeal to whiskey and bourbon aficionados and novices alike.
Tristan Stephenson is a bright star in the bartending world. He has worked with Jamie Oliver, and was a brand ambassador, training bartenders at The Ritz, among other top hotels. In 2009 he set up a consultancy company for the drinks industry, Fluid Movement. From there he went on to open critically acclaimed London bars The Worship Street Whistling Shop (decorated in steampunk Victoriana style) and Purl and he recently featured in a Tanqueray gin advertising campaign. This is Tristan's second book.


Millville, NJ – Keith Grant took pole for Saturday's Atlantic Championship Series race at New Jersey Motorsports Park, breaking the outright track record with a quick lap at 1:10.473. Grant will have to start third however, with a two position penalty for going off late in the qualifying session. Keyvan Andres and Conner Kearby qualified second and third. Click here for full results.


CaJe Creative Group is an independent, Vancouver based studio that provides innovative solutions for marketing communications, object and architectural photography, and the management and preservation of analog and digital archives. Established in 1997, we balance our time between creating strategies for our clients to achieve their unique branding, advertising and preservation goals with our passion for making art objects and installations. Driven by curiosity, our interdisciplinary practice is always incorporating new methods and innovative tools to produce solutions that exceed client expectations.
For a list of clients, please contact CaJe Creative Group.