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Chokeholds, Tear Gas Targeted by Lawmakers After Protests (1)
June 12, 2020 3:29 PM	 By Jennifer Kay
(Updates with Iowa law signed and comments from Austin mayor and Cuomo.)
Jolted by nationwide demonstrations over the death of George Floyd, police chiefs, mayors, city councils, and state legislatures are rushing to change the way law enforcement officers subdue suspects and protesters.
City councils in Charlotte, N.C., Berkeley, Calif., and Austin, Texas, have told their police to stop using tear gas for crowd control. Police departments in Miami, Denver, Phoenix, and Raleigh, N.C., have moved on their own to ban the use of chokeholds. The governors of New York and Iowa signed laws on Friday making chokeholds illegal, and more jurisdictions are considering doing the same.
"These protests are forcing elected officials to rethink the thousands of racist policies that got us to this point and try and undo them," Peniel Joseph, director of The LBJ School of Public Affairs' Center for the Study of Race and Democracy at the University of Texas at Austin, said in an email.
Floyd was killed in Minneapolis. The white officer who pushed his knee into Floyd's neck for almost nine minutes faces a second-degree murder charge.
City Leaders Push Police Oversight By Civilians After Protests
The largest police force in the Southeast announced this week that it's abandoning the "applied carotid triangle restraint," which cuts off blood flow to the brain.
"As a progressive agency, we must remain in a constant state of review and open to emerging best practices and community feedback," Miami-Dade Police Director Alfredo Ramirez said in a statement posted to his Twitter account.
(Photo by Brandon Bell/Getty Images)
Protesters rallied outside the First Police Precinct Station on June 11, 2020 in Minneapolis.
The decision was prompted by community feedback and recommendations from policing professionals, Ramirez said.
"I hope everybody understands there needs to be more transparency and accountability of law enforcement," Massachusetts Gov. Charlie Baker (R) said Thursday while announcing plans to introduce policing legislation. "There needs to be checks and balances."
Gov. Gavin Newsom (D) has said he'll sign a bill advancing in the California State Assembly to ban the "applied carotid triangle restraint" technique. Bans on the use of chokeholds, among other new requirements for police officers, have been approved this month by the Colorado Senate, Houston's mayor, and the city councils of Minneapolis and Austin, Texas.
'Nobody Should Be Afraid'
"I don't believe in defunding or abolishing police, but I do believe we need really basic revamping of our policing model," Austin Mayor Steve Adler said in an interview Friday. "Nobody should be afraid when a police car pulls up behind them."
Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz (D) called a special session of the state legislature on Friday to consider deadly force and accountability standards statewide.
New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D) on Friday signed the "Eric Garner Anti-Chokehold Act," named for a black man who died in 2014 after being put in a chokehold by a New York City Police officer.
Cuomo also issued an executive order requiring local governments and police agencies to develop plans to address the use of force by officers, community policing, and implicit bias awareness training, by April 1, 2021, or risk losing state funding.
"We're not going to fund police agencies in this state that do not look at what has been happening, come to terms with it, and reform themselves," Cuomo said at a news conference. "We're not going to be, as a state government, subsidizing improper police tactics."
Tear Gas Challenges
Meanwhile, police face legal and political pressure to stop spraying protesters with tear gas.
Portland Police Bureau officers who used chemical irritants on people attempting to comply with orders to leave the scene of a demonstration "may have been substantially motivated by an intent to interfere with (protesters) constitutionally protected expression," U.S. Dist. Judge Marco Hernandez of the District of Oregon said in issuing a temporary restraining order.
That order blocks the agency from using tear gas to disperse crowds "where there is no or little risk of injury" for 14 days.
The city councils of San Francisco; Charlotte, N.C.; Berkeley, Calif.; Austin, Texas; and San Jose, Calif., all have moved to ban using or purchasing chemical agents for crowd control purposes, at least temporarily.
The Seattle Police Department has limited the use of tear gas to SWAT officers during demonstrations.
A national lobbying group representing police and law enforcement officers has pushed back at federal legislative proposals to ban chokeholds, among other actions.
Those reforms "would put officers and the public at greater risk of harm as they are currently written," William Johnson, executive director and general counsel for the National Association of Police Organizations, said in a June 5 newsletter.
Disciplinary Reform
Larger policy changes, especially in the disciplinary review process, should address officers using racial slurs or stopping people without cause, University of St. Thomas School of Law Professor Rachel Moran said in an interview. Banning chokeholds without making additional changes would be "better than a solidarity statement, but it's insufficiently imaginative," Moran said.
"It's bigger than what kind of neck restraint you use. We should at least be able to agree that the ones misusing force, or being accused of misconduct on a regular basis, should not be able to stay on the police force," Moran said.
For example, she noted the Minneapolis officer charged in Floyd's death was the subject of 18 previous complaints.
Cuomo and Wisconsin Gov. Tony Evers (D) have suggested that criminal justice reforms should extend beyond policing to education, health care and employment policies.
The U.S. Conference of Mayors created a working group to develop recommendations for addressing police violence and patterns of racial discrimination.
"The recent killings of innocent black people have highlighted once again that there is much work to do with revising and improving the policies and practices of our police departments. We must do better, and we must start this work immediately," saidBryan K. Barnett, the conference's president and mayor of Rochester Hills, Mich., said in a statement.
With assistance from Keshia Clukey, Stephen Joyce, Paul Stinson, Paul Shukovsky, Tripp Baltz, Brenna Goth, Adrianne Appel, Joyce E. Cutler, and Andrew M. Ballard
To contact the reporter on this story: Jennifer Kay in Miami at jkay@bloomberglaw.com
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Katherine Rizzo at krizzo@bgov.com; Heather Rothman at hrothman@bgov.com
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Cristoforo Fornaro is located at the address 6780 Friars Rd in San Diego, California 92108. They can be contacted via phone at (619) 639-3351 for pricing, hours and directions.
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Museum to Hold 2017 Risa K Lambert "What You Do Matters" Luncheon
Raymund Flandez:
Museum Press Kit
U.S. HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM TO HOST 2,000-PLUS AT ANNUAL 'WHAT YOU DO MATTERS' CHICAGO LUNCHEON
Chicago's Mesirow Financial Chairman and Chief Executive Richard Price to be honored at event;
Maziar Bahari, Holocaust filmmaker and subject of Jon Stewart film, to be keynote speaker
CHICAGO — The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum will honor local financial-services executive and Museum Council member Richard Price and host more than 2,000 attendees at its annual "What You Do Matters" Risa K. Lambert Chicago Luncheon on September 8.
This year's luncheon at the Sheraton Grand Chicago is chaired by Glencoe residents Rabbi Steven Stark Lowenstein, senior rabbi at Am Shalom, and Julie Stark Lowenstein, president of corporate- training company Stark Solution; honorary co-chairs are Governor Bruce Rauner and Mayor Rahm Emanuel.
About 350 Holocaust survivors will be among the supporters of the Museum's biggest fundraising event of the year, which aims to raise more than $5 million for the Museum's $540 million comprehensive campaign, Never Again: What You Do Matters, to keep Holocaust memory and education alive.
Richard Price, the chairman and chief executive of Chicago-based financial services company Mesirow Financial Inc., is being recognized for his commitment and contributions to help preserve the Holocaust history and bring its lessons to future generations. As one of Chicago's most successful businessmen, Price has donated more than $1 million to help advance the Museum's mission of Holocaust education and remembrance. President Barack Obama appointed Price to the Museum's governing board twice, most recently in 2016, and is currently serving a five-year term.
Maziar Bahari, an Iranian Canadian journalist and filmmaker and the subject of the film Rosewater by Jon Stewart, is the luncheon's keynote speaker. Bahari was a reporter for Newsweek from 1998 to 2011, largely working in Tehran; but in 2009, after reporting on the Iran presidential election crisis, Bahari was jailed for 118 days in solitary confinement in Tehran's Evin Prison. He was released after a successful international campaign to secure his freedom and wrote a book about his incarceration, Then They Came for Me. Bahari has produced documentaries and news reports for broadcasters around the world, including The Voyage of the Saint Louis in 1994. Today, he is the publisher of iranwire.com and directs "Journalism Is Not A Crime and Education Is Not A Crime" campaigns. Bahari and IranWire recently partnered with the Museum to create more films about the Holocaust in Persian and English to provide educational resources for audiences who may have limited access to unbiased information on the Holocaust.
"It has been nearly 30 years since we began local efforts of raising funds for the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum," says Jill Weinberg, director of the Museum's Midwest Regional Office. "I'm just astonished by the unfailing commitment and generosity Chicagoans have displayed over the last several decades. Without this local support, so many Holocaust survivor and victim stories would be lost. Lessons to new generations would've gone untold. And for this, I'm forever grateful."
Tickets to the September 8 luncheon begin at $250 per person. Holocaust survivor admission is complimentary. Guests can RSVP online at www.ushmm.org/events/2017-chicago-luncheon. To learn about event sponsorship opportunities, please contact the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum's Midwest Regional Office at 847.433.8099 or [email protected]
Media inquiries should be directed to Orly Telisman at [email protected] or Raymund Flandez at [email protected]
To download photos of this year's luncheon speakers, go to: https://flic.kr/s/aHsm27inwQ.
About the Museum's 25th Anniversary
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum will mark its 25th anniversary in 2018 by inspiring people to reflect on Holocaust history and 'Never Stop Asking Why.' As Museum Founding Chairman Elie Wiesel said, "The Museum is not meant to be an answer. It's meant to be a question." In the short time since its founding, the Museum has grown from a major national institution into a respected global enterprise leading the cause of Holocaust remembrance and education. During Days of Remembrance on April 8-9, the Museum will honor all Holocaust survivors with its highest recognition, the Elie Wiesel Award, and in May launch its new exhibition and initiative on Americans and the Nazi Threat— the latest example of its 25-year legacy of exploring the complex questions Holocaust history raises to stimulate people to think about themselves and the society they live in.
About the Museum's Campaign
Through its national campaign Never Again: What You Do Matters, the Museum seeks to make critical investments to keep Holocaust memory alive as a relevant, transformative force in the 21st -century. The $540 million comprehensive goal includes building a stronger endowment, increased annual fund, and new collections, conservation, and research center. Visit ushmm.org/campaign to learn more about how you can join us in this urgent effort.
About the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum
A living memorial to the Holocaust, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum inspires citizens and leaders worldwide to confront hatred, prevent genocide, and promote human dignity. Its far-reaching educational programs and global impact are made possible by generous donors. For more information, visit ushmm.org.
View All Museum News Releases
Content from United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Originally published at https://www.ushmm.org/information/press/press-releases/museum-to-hold-2017-risa-k-lambert-what-you-do-matters-luncheon
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Kindly be advised that our office will be closed for the May Bank Holiday. Our offices will close on Friday 28th April 2017 at 17.00GMT and will re-open on Tuesday 2nd May 2017 at 9.00GMT.
As our offices are closed, we will not be available for telephone and email support.
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Home >> India's Forests As Carbon Sinks
Cover Page, Cover Story
India's Forests As Carbon Sinks
The Indian state has always looked at forests as a source of never-ending revenues. Now, in the context of climate change negotiations, our forests are being looked on as carbon sinks that could be worth a staggering USD 120 billion
A Santhal tribesman living on the fringes of the Simlipal Tiger Reserve in Mayurbhanj district in Orissa wonders: "Why do they do plantation? Just leave the forest to itself. Don't tamper with it and it will grow and spread all over. Why are you spending so much money to plant trees? They don't sustain; even if they do, you can't call them forests!"
The man actually did not say 'forest'; he used the term jhar, which anthropologist Narendra Singh equates with the 'wilds'. The tribesman of course had not heard of the German botanist Dietrich Brandis, appointed by the British government back in the 1850s to initiate 'scientific management of India's forests'. The practice continues today, for which state governments take huge loans from international financial institutions, multiplying their foreign debt.
Narendra Singh says: "In order to turn the wilds into an industry, you have to first destroy the mysteries of 'nature'; you have to (make) them behave; turn them into 'forests' so that you can take complete control over them and manage them to generate revenue and make profits. And in the process you kill the very essence of the wilds—the ecology—that they have contained in them for ages, and you still call them 'nature'. For that matter, you can also call a square park with boundaries in a city a piece of nature. Fine, but that piece of nature does not have an ecology in it. You cannot manage nature or the wilds with laws and statutes and boundaries. They manage themselves, or they don't."
So, anything you don't understand and can't bring into your profit-making schemes you have to first destroy and then replace with something you can dictate to. For example, a jhar (the wilds) with all its intriguing diversity of plant and animal life has to be cut down and replaced with monoculture plantation, often with plant species that are not indigenous to the given forest or even the country, to be cut down again a few years later to generate revenue. It is primarily this 'revenue' angle that keeps the forest department going. That, in a nutshell, has been the history of the relationship between the forest department and India's forests for the past 150 years. And to maintain this relationship, the department needs huge amounts of money.
In the foreword to India: State of Forests Report 2009, Union Environment and Forests Minister Jairam Ramesh writes: "Our commitment to the forestry sector continues to be strong. India has more than doubled its budget for forestry this year, to Rs 8,300 crore (USD 1.85 billion) and this financial increase is going to be sustained."
The forest department has a huge task ahead of it in order to live up to the objectives laid out some 150 years ago: to retain complete control over the forests; to relentlessly pressure community forest management (CFM) committees; to harass and abuse (even to kill) millions of tribal communities that have lived in forests for generations; to sustain its nexus with the timber mafia and poachers; to routinely harvest patches of forest arbitrarily chosen; and, above all, to keep raising the profit bar!
The latest in the list of tasks is to market India's forests in the growing global carbon trade.
The global carbon trade and India's forests
Under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) conceptualised in the Kyoto Protocol and put into practice to mitigate global warming, industries make billions of dollars by selling tonnes of carbon they 'conceptually' save. The concept goes something like this: businesses in the developed world 'invest' in helping businesses in the developing world set up and run 'clean technologies' that emit less carbon. The price in the international market for a tonne of carbon has been agreed on by all parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which monitors this new-world trade. The amount of carbon saved through clean technologies, compared to that in the business-as-usual scenario, is provided as compensation (according to the price fixed) to the 'implementing' business in the developing world by the 'investing' business in the developed world. In return, the latter is allowed to emit the same amount of carbon back home.
It's a little baffling as to how this mechanism actually reduces net global emissions, and how it addresses the impending perils of global warming! There are also huge question marks over whether the so-called CDM projects (there are about 1,200 now in India) actually emit less carbon. The day I visited villages around the Hindalco smelter near Hirakud dam in Orissa, the villagers were fuming (some were even crying) over the destruction, the previous day, of full-grown paddy sown on tens of acres of farmland due to pollution from the factory. I now read in the newspapers that the plant is soon going to be certified a CDM project. Likewise, the Bhushan steel and power plant in Sambalpur district, Orissa, is also a CDM project. Such examples abound…
Still, the global carbon trade is flourishing. Smoke-belching coal-fired power plants are being certified as CDM projects and are making billions; so too are dams that have inundated thousands of hectares of primary forest and produce lethal greenhouse gases such as methane.
Why then should India's vast expanse of forests lag behind?
In a document released in August 2009 by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) titled 'India's Forest and Tree Cover: Contribution as a Carbon Sink' (it's actually the abridged version of a technical paper of the same name produced by the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, and re-released by the MoEF), Minister Jairam Ramesh writes: "Forestry is at the centrestage of global climate change negotiations. This is because forests have the potential to be a carbon sink as well as a source of carbon emissions… . It is India's view that we need an agreement on a comprehensive framework for compensation and positive incentives for forestry as part of the ongoing climate change negotiations."
This position is perfectly in line with the Indian state's long-held belief that forests are the source of a never-ending stream of revenue. Now, in the context of climate change negotiations, India's forests have opened up an enormous opportunity to maximise this revenue.
How will it work?
The technical paper by the ICFRE—which is going to be the basis for climate change negotiations involving India's forests—has all the arguments. "(Forests) absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and store carbon in wood, leaves, litter, roots, and soil by acting as 'carbon sinks'… . Forests, by acting as sinks are considered to moderate the global climate."
The MoEF document, which basically quotes the technical paper, says: "From 1995 to 2005, the carbon stocks stored in our forests and trees have increased from 6,245 MT (million tonnes) to 6,662 MT, registering an annual increment of 38 MT of carbon or 138 MT of CO2-equivalent… . Our estimates show that the annual CO2 removals by India's forest and tree cover is enough to neutralise 11.25 per cent of India's total greenhouse gas emissions (CO2-equivalent) at 1994 levels… This is equivalent to offsetting 100 per cent emissions from all energy in residential and transport sectors, or 40 per cent of total emissions from the agriculture sector. Clearly, India's forest and tree cover is serving as a major mode of carbon mitigation for India and the world."
The catch comes at the end: "Putting a conservative value of USD 5 per tonne of CO2 locked in our forests, this huge sink of about 24,000 MT of CO2 is worth USD 120 billion, or Rs 600,000 crore (6,000 billion). Incremental carbon under scenario 3 (in which India's forest cover increases at a rate higher than the historical rate, by 2015) will add a value of around USD 1.2 billion, or Rs 6,000 crore (60 billion) every year to India's treasury of forest sink, assuming a value of USD 7 per tonne."
A National Forum of Forest People and Forest Workers (NFFPFW) position paper titled 'Imaginary Sinks: India's REDD Ambitions' states: "This opportunity becomes a windfall with the advent of REDD, or the proposal that CDM projects should cover the Reduced Emissions through deforestation and degradation scenario, which means if a project reduces any emissions caused by deforestation and degradation of forests, it should get CDM status. India now contends that it should be given carbon credits for both its old and new forests." Sensing an opportunity here, the country has an ambitious programme of raising 30 million hectares of new plantations on both 'degraded' lands and farmlands, unleashing a fresh burden on food security.
All this leads to a torrent of questions. To list only a few:
How authentic is India's assessment of its forest cover? How is the carbon sequestration capacity of India's forests calculated?
The NFFPFW position paper throws some light on this: "Instead of linear and wholesome 'constant' constructs, Indian forests (like any other tropical forests) are part of a larger dynamic and ever-changing socio-political and socio-ecological discourse (or a set of such discourses). Mathematical calculations and simulated models to project sequestration of carbon in forests can never be expected to assimilate the innumerable, essentially asymmetric and 'truant' variables that such discourses contain. Neither hypothetical baselines nor imaginary 'future' scenarios can explain/interpret/ predict contextually related but often spatially separated sets of uncertain social, political, and ecological events influencing 'deforestation' events. This methodological impossibility, coupled with doubtful and unverified official forest cover estimates, makes an estimation of all carbon stocks in Indian forests downright impossible."
If India's forest cover neutralises 11.25 per cent of our total greenhouse gas emissions, how is it important in terms of mitigating global warming apart from hopes over the kind of money it would fetch in the global carbon market?
Forests are natural resources, and global warming is largely a man-made phenomenon. If we were actually serious about containing emissions in order to address global warming, only an incriminating mind would justify standing forests as a passport to emitting more. The somewhat vacuous argument is that since we have so much standing forests that absorb so much carbon, industries only have to pay a price and then happily emit as much greenhouse gas as they want! There is already huge pressure on India's forests thanks to the 'consumerist' development model we are so aggressively pursuing.
In the event that India's forests get CDM status, by accepting whatever carbon sequestration calculation method, who reaps the benefits? The countless forest communities that have protected and kept the forests alive? The forest department that has always considered India's forests its private fiefdom? Or private entities that have long wished for ownership of the country's forests?
It is often said that if the CDM regime is really about rewarding those who have a small carbon footprint, the world's forest people and rag-pickers would have been the richest communities on earth by now! But that will never happen. Because the CDM regime is all about 'business'; it has nothing to do with emission reduction or global warming. The latter is just a 'premise' to strike profitable deals. The unprecedented sincerity with which the Indian government is pushing for India's forests to get CDM status is precisely to clear hurdles in the path of privatising forests. For, with so much money at stake, the forests cannot be left in the hands of those who cannot 'manage them efficiently' ('efficiency' being a typical capitalist construct).
And so, ironically, history is about to repeat itself, reminding us of Dietrich Brandis who came to India to 'manage' our forests scientifically some 150 years ago. Now, private players are waiting to 'manage our forests efficiently'.
The attempt to privatise India's forests is not new; the pulp and paper lobby has been trying since 1992 to lease 'degraded forests' ('degraded' according to the forest department's definition) in order to meet growing demands for raw material. The lobby has been arguing that industrial demand could, to a large extent, be met by raising 'protected' private plantations on forest lands that are degraded.
The Indian government, in fact, did try to push a Bill in 1994 facilitating the handing over of 'degraded forests' to industries. Besides stiff resistance from community groups, the move was opposed by the Planning Commission which constituted an expert committee, chaired by N C Saxena, to look into the matter. The 'Saxena Reports 1998' categorically refute industry's claims that degraded lands do not support biodiversity and are not used by communities. The reports argue that leasing out forests to industry would prove to be both ecologically and socially harmful, and would be an injustice to communities that use the forests for their livelihood and other purposes. It clearly states that no forests in the country can be labelled 'absolutely degraded'. In 2003, industry replied with the 'Re-greening India' report (published by the Confederation of Indian Industry), which made out a strong case for the lease of forests to the private sector. The CII report mentioned the possibility of earning carbon credits, as trees sequester carbon.
Then the World Bank joined in, advocating for private players to manage India's forests. 'World Bank Forest Strategy 2003' says that most communities fail to garner the full potential of forests, even though they are successfully protecting them. The case for private players comes in very strongly in the assessment that the total forest income from commercial timber, bamboo, and non-timber products in improved forests is expected to rise from an estimated USD 222 million in 2004 to approximately USD 2 billion (2,000 million) by 2020. With so much money locked in our forests, it would be blasphemous to even suggest that the private sector would resist the temptation, especially at a time when everybody, from government to the middle class to the mainstream media, believes that traditional communities have no right to sit on 'profits' that are due to the private sector!
One can well imagine what turn the 'market' will take once REDD and the forestry CDM idea are put into effect. Going by an ICFRE technical paper estimate, all the stored carbon converted into credits would amount to a staggering Rs 6,000 billion! The NFFPFW adds: "This is a new market, which, besides the Indian government, all shades of carbon brokers, consultants, and investors eye expectantly, and for good reason. Even in the non-Kyoto voluntary market, forestry credits are fetching about USD 8 per credit (the UNFCCC has not yet issued credits to forestry projects). This can increase enormously with UNFCCC approval."
If REDD were agreed on, carbon trading in India's forests would really take off. And with the failure so far of the Forest Rights Act 2006 to ensure community rights to forest-dependent people, Indian forests are headed towards complete corporatisation—a transition from old-world colonial feudalism to new-age market capitalism, the state being replaced by the company. In all this, it will be interesting to see how the forest department reacts.
Sinking feeling in Orissa
'Orissa Forest Sector Vision 2020' spells out some ambitious (and some outrageous!) milestones by 2020. For instance: 33 per cent of Orissa under 'dense' forest cover; all forests to have management plans; shifting cultivation eliminated completely (perhaps here they mean eliminating communities dependent on shifting cultivation!); flow of foreign tourists to conservation sites doubled, etc. The document makes little mention of the role (or even the existence) of CFM groups. The means to achieve these milestones are largely through three entities: the JFM network (under forest department control), the DFID (Department For International Development, UK) forestry project, and the JBIC (Japan Bank of International Cooperation) forestry project.
Forestry projects essentially mean plantations, using funds coming in from external sources. Communities that have protected Orissa's forests for decades recall their experiences with the SIDA (Swedish International Development Agency)-funded forestry project, conducted between 1981 and 1996 (in two phases). Hemant Behera, president of the Budabahal CFM committee in Debgarh district, says: "Under the SIDA social forestry project, they were just destroying nature and regenerating forests, which did not work. The whole exercise was a disaster. Plantation is not forest; it does not live for long, nor does it meet any needs of the people."
Arakhita Sahu, a senior member of the Ma Maninaga Jungle Suraksha Parishad (a federation of about 200 CFM groups) in Nayagarh district, adds: "Such forestry programmes are enforced in dense forest areas where communities have already been protecting forests for decades. The current forest development initiatives by the government, such as the JBIC-funded Orissa Forestry Sector Development Project, pose a threat to community forestry initiatives. Besides, these are being introduced to counter the non-monetary philosophy behind forest protection and management by CFM groups in Orissa."
Going by the vision document, by the end of the JBIC project (2012), all forest areas above 10 hectares currently with the revenue department will be demarcated and handed over to the Orissa forest department. There have been no amendments to the milestones in the document, despite FRA 2006 being in force. In fact, there is absolutely no mention of community rights except for certain revised roles for JFM committees. CFM is mentioned only to stress that its autonomy will be curtailed, "Categories like village forests, Gramya Jungle, JFM and CFM forests are incorporated in a flexible framework that provides graded autonomy for local self-governance on different categories of lands. JFM provides a flexible step-wise approach to increasing autonomy of communities." CFM is again mentioned in the hope that it will help the forest department generate revenue: "VSS and CFM groups will be facilitated to harvest and market timber."
After detailing the outcome of all these externally-funded forestry (read 'plantation') projects and reiterating the forest department's control over all forests (including those under the revenue department), the catch comes at the end, under 'Vision Element: Allocations, Investment, Insurance, and Incentives'. The envisioned milestone at the end of the JBIC project, in 2012, reads: "More broad-based and substantial investment in environmental services covering purchase of carbon credits under CDM, biodiversity conservation, and preserving landscape values."
Perhaps that explains why the forest department in Orissa is pushing the JBIC project on a war-footing despite CFM groups, district-level CFM federations, even the state-level federation (the OJM-Orissa Jungle Manch) repeatedly warning the government not to repeat the mistakes of the SIDA and DFID projects. The JBIC forestry project involves the largest ever loan—Rs 560 crore (5.6 billion)—the Orissa forest department has taken so far. Members of the OJM say it's baffling why such a huge loan was needed. The forest department has failed to implement earlier projects; still it continues to push the state into debt!
An appeal by the Ma Maninaga Jungle Suraksha Parishad states: "We as a federation along with the state-level body of forest federations—Orissa Jungle Manch—had widely protested the government's intention of a coalition with JBIC for funding the forestry sector. This was a spontaneous protest from all corners of Orissa against the process followed for seeking this external aid. Neither were communities, the biggest stakeholders, consulted before thinking of external funding for the forestry sector, nor were they taken into consideration in the process by which the project was going to be implemented at the ground level. But the government went on to sign the MoU with the JBIC. Now that the JBIC, a component of the Japanese government, is on the floor and huge money is going to be pumped into the forestry sector, we condemn the whole process—for the project is non-democratic and non-participatory—and herewith appeal to the larger civil society to support us in keeping our initiatives, unity, and forests intact."
While the state's restlessness in tapping whatever funding even in the form of loan stands exposed for long, the latest move definitely has an eye on the CDM market, many believe. Hemant Behera of Budabahal village in Debgarh looks a bit puzzled when he says, "Some forest officers came to us and were trying to motivate us to go for the JBIC forestry programme in our community forest. We asked why the Japanese government is giving you so much money to plant trees here! They said that it is because if we plant trees here, the clean air will travel to Japan!" He looked at me for an explanation; I looked the other way!
Laxmidhar Balia of the OJM said, "Let them get the loan citing whatever reason. We are self-sufficient and can take care of our forests. Money cannot manage our forests."
It is time we understood once and for all that whatever the forest department is pushing for is never managing the forests. So long as the whole discourse on legitimate rights or ownership over forests is trivialised towards forest management, communities will keep making efforts to protect their forests and the state will keep appropriating their rights and efforts. Forests are being managed anyway, by communities. The core of the issue here always is: who controls the forests at the end of the day? And the unfortunate fact is that the forest department has so far managed to post its authority over people's resources. This underlying dynamic is now going to take a new and lethal turn with the advent of carbon trading, which seeks to 'unlock' the billions of dollars locked in India's forests. And if they succeed, we will soon see the death of even the 'empowering' FRA 2006.
Soumitra Ghosh of the NFFPFW says: "What will happen to the carbon stored in the forest biomass, under the FRA regime? The Act says that the community owns all NTFP (non-timber forest produce) of plant origin in any forest of India. Will the carbon supposedly stored in the biomass and forest soil be treated as NTFP and hence treated as community property? The Indian government has not evidently thought about it yet. The ICFRE technical paper only talks about JFM (under forest department control); it does not mention the FRA at all. This clearly shows that the government, despite very clear and precise provisions in the FRA, wishes to retain effective control over the country's forests. The REDD money will act as an incentive here, and the very strong forest bureaucracy of India will want to hold on to it. This, in effect, will signal the end of the FRA, though not in a legal sense… Unless forest movements in the country develop a strategy to counter REDD and all forms of carbon trading in the country's forests, the gains of the FRA may be irretrievably lost."
Eventually perhaps, forests will be renamed after companies. Niyamgiri may be called Vedantagiri five years down the line; and the Khandadhar Mountain, POSCO-peak! Just as nobody today knows that there once existed the quiet, idyllic, self-reliant forest villages called Kalimati and Sakchi, which now lie buried under the incessant roars of engines in the sprawling urbanscape that we know as Tatanagar or Jamshedpur in Jharkhand!
Infochange
By Subrat Kumar Sahu
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The state covered its population with 1st dose before any other state in the country. I thank the people. We've also administered 75% of 2nd dose to the people. I'm confident that the nation will come out of COVID crisis soon &lead a normal life: Himachal Pradesh CM Jairam Thakur
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text:
County Line station may refer to:

County Line station (NHSL), a SEPTA Norristown High Speed Line station in Radnor Township, Pennsylvania
County Line station (RTD), an RTD commuter rail station in Lone Tree, Colorado
County Line station (SEPTA Regional Rail), in Upper Southampton Township, Pennsylvania

See also
County Line (disambiguation)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Egypt's prosecution detains former diplomat Maasoum Marzouk 15-days on abetting terrorism charges
El-Sayed Gamal El-Din , Friday 24 Aug 2018
File Photo: Masoum Marzouk (Photo: Ahram)
Egypt's prosecutor-general ordered on Friday a 15-day detention for former diplomat Maasoum Marzouk, university professor Yahia Kazaz, economist Raed Salama and four others pending investigations into aiding terrorism charges.
The prosecution accused the defendants, who were arrested on Thursday, of aiding a terrorist organization in achieving its goals, receiving funds for terrorist goals, and conspiring to commit a terrorist act.
Marzouk was a leading member of the Nasserist Popular Current and the spokesperson of the 2014 presidential campaign of Hamdeen Sabahi.
Yahia Kazaz is professor at Mansoura University, while Raed Salama is an economic researcher and writer.


text:
Norway will reopen Barents Sea for drilling exploration
By Katie Herzog on May 19, 2016
Norway has just announced that it will begin issuing drilling licenses to oil companies looking to cash in in the Arctic — after two decades of declining their advances.
"Today, we are opening a new chapter in the history of the Norwegian petroleum industry," said petroleum and energy minister Tord Lien in a statement. "For the first time in 20 years, we offer new acreage for exploration. This will contribute to employment, growth and value creation in Norway. Northern Norway is now in the forefront of further developing the Norwegian petroleum industry."
Environmental groups fighting to keep oil well underwater are, naturally, displeased. Aside from the carbon impact of burning fossil fuels, the drilling will take place in the ecologically delicate Barents Sea.
"The Barents Sea is one of the richest, most unique marine ecosystems in the world, with remarkable concentrations of seabirds, marine mammals, fish, and other marine life," wrote Greenpeace's Rick Steiner in 2014. "The potential short-term energy potential here is truly not worth the long-term environmental risk from offshore drilling."
Norway's announcement comes after state revenues around the country have been slashed by the global drop in crude oil prices. That drop has hit many economies dependent on oil, like Alaska's. Still, Norway is in a better position than most oil-rich countries due to having diversified its economy with industries such as tourism and fisheries, as well as raising taxes, reports KTOO. In a visit to Anchorage this week, Ambassador Kare Aas said that the Norwegian government currently receives about 20 percent of its revenue from fossil fuel interests — while Alaska's oil and gas industry produced roughly 90 percent of the state's funds until fairly recently.
With luck, drillers won't find enough easily accessible oil in the Barents Sea to make it worth their while. That's what happened in Alaska last year: After a heated battle over offshore drilling in the Arctic, Royal Dutch Shell ultimately it wasn't worth the bother and pulled out.
Either way, we'll find out soon enough: Statoil plans to begin drilling in the Barents in 2017.


SOS-NHS Skye Chair Catriona MacDonald has been one of the key community representatives in the implementation process of the Ritchie Report since its publication in May. Photo credit: Willie Urquhart – WHFP.
his independent report into out-of-hours healthcare across Skye, Lochalsh and South West Ross.
The session will follow on from a day of meetings between Sir Lewis and local councillors, senior NHS Highland management, the board's partner organisations, health care groups and representatives. Published in May, Sir Lewis' independent view outlined a raft of recommendations ranging from urgent care at Portree Hospital to transport and accessibility issues across the wider area.
Since the release of the independent review, 15 different working groups have been convening to determine how to implement the recommendations.
A panel made up of Sir Lewis Ritchie, Hugo van Woerden, NHS Highland's director of public health, David Park, chief officer of the Highland Health and Social Care Partnership and Councillor Ronald MacDonald will be in attendance.
The staff of the NHS Near Me video conferencing service will also be present at the session. The service has already been used in a specially set-up clinic in Caithness General Hospital and the NHS Highland board are now wanting to trial the service's app for use in people's homes on Skye.
Dr Miles Mack, who is overseeing the recommendations as the independent facilitator for Raasay and Glenelg and Arnisdale told the Free Press that a review of out of hours calls over the last two years was held at a meeting of the Raasay/NHS Highland Liaison Group held on Tuesday 20th November.
He said: "The group was also keen to investigate if some of the new provisions under the Scottish General Practice Contract would support a widening of the role of nurses on the island and extension of the hours covered. There are a number of practicalities to consider before this is fully agreed and progressed.
Dr Mack said that a proposal for an advanced nurse practitioner to cover urgent care in Glenelg and Arnisdale for two additional nights per week when they could stay in the area had been welcomed by the community at a recent meeting on October 8th.
However, there are still concerns that the additional cover would leave "gaps" in the provision and that community representatives were anxious that the service would not meet the needs of the community without local staff based in the area.
Meanwhile, five training post positions and three advanced nurse practitioners have been recruited to strengthen the Broadford Hub team.
The number of beds at Portree Hospital is set to increase by six to 12 in total by May 2019. Photo credit: Willie Urquhart – WHFP.
In the north of Skye, the most notable progress to date concerns the number of hospital beds and in the reinstatement of 24/7 urgent and emergency care.
An additional six beds are to be opened in Portree by May 2019, which will take the total number to 12. Additional staff are being recruited as Portree.
People interested in attending the public information session next Tuesday should note that seating in the council chamber is limited and will be granted on a 'first come, first served' basis.


Any suggestions on where to buy 8 used wheel bolts for steel wheels, 2004 2.0HDI 110 estate?
I'm switching from alloys to steels, had hoped to get the bolts cheap on ebay but all I can find is new ones for £4.44 each, hadn't budgeted for that!
Don't buy used wheel bolts , new ones can be had cheap enough.
I wish I only had to pay £4 odd for wheel bolts, should try getting some for my 924 £35+ each if you can find them.
That's why they have the cone section, so you can use them with your steel spare.
Anyhow if you want to replace the bolts, this sellers is very good item no 171881177168.
They start at £11.99 & go up to £22.00 for the sizes that should cover you.
What's the deal with these bolts that have a 'loose' cone/taper bit?
I had to fit the spare steel wheel to our Twingo at the weekend and there were 4 x spare bolts included with the jack etc but they were just straight bolts without the 'cone' bit, I used these anyway.
Thanks all, what a great forum, much appreciated. I didn't realise I could use alloy bolts on steels, great tip! I've ordered the set suggested by caprixpack and will use alloy bolts in the meantime. Thanks again!
Conversely... I meant to post on this thread but it looked like it had been resolved. I ran steel wheels on my winter tyres using alloy wheel bolts, the taper is different, however I covered many thousands of kilometers with them and these were even on the car when I drove it to the UK. I was warned the wrong taper would mean they'd come loose but they never did so I gave up checking them after the first couple of winters.


Did you know that only 5% of our brain's activity is happening at a conscious level? Hypnotherapy enables you to shift your state of consciousness in order to access other parts of ourselves. Those parts are involved in managing our automatic behaviors, our resources and knowledge, our experiences and memory.
Anyone wanting to free himself/herself from certain behaviors, fears, limiting beliefs and blocages. To connect with all your unconscious resources, bring back movement and flexbility when you feel stuck. To go through a difficult time, develop your performances, unleash your potential and improve your well-being.
When there is something that feels stronger than you preventing you from being your full self.
The scope of Hypnotherapy is extremely wide including managing change, well-being and self-development.
Hypnosis is a natural state that we experience every day when we are fully absorbed in an activity and our sense of time passing is slightly altered (while driving, watching a moving, listening to music, and many other activities).
Each session is different and unique and generally follows a specific structure. We will start by discussing the reason for your visit, your goal and the specific work to be done during the session. You will then be guided to an altered state of consciousness (if needed), then into the specific phase of work and back to a more natural state of consciousness.


text:
Texans QB Deshaun Watson hit with three more lawsuits alleging sexual misconduct
Tom Schad
Three more women have come forward with allegations of sexual misconduct against Houston Texans quarterback Deshaun Watson, according to civil lawsuits filed Monday night and Tuesday.
One of the women, an unnamed massage therapist in California, alleges that Watson exposed himself to her and touched her with his genitals during a massage session at a house in Beverly Hills, California on July 15. She also claims that Watson told her afterward: "I will not have you sign a (non-disclosure agreement) but don't ever talk about this."
The other two women claim Watson exposed himself and touched them with his genitals during separate massage sessions at Watson's home on May 28 and at an unnamed Houston spa on Oct. 8.
The claims echo those made by more than a dozen other women who have filed lawsuits against Watson in Harris County District Court over the past week.
Watson, 25, broadly denied wrongdoing in a statement released last week, before the first lawsuit was publicly available. His attorney, Rusty Hardin, said in a statement Tuesday that he believes "any allegation that Deshaun forced a woman to commit a sexual act is completely false."
"We are taking the allegations very seriously," Hardin said in part of the statement, "and we ask only that people not rush to judgment, that people not be unduly influenced by opposing counsel's antics, and that they let fundamental fairness to both sides rule the day."
Watson has not been charged with a crime, or suspended by the NFL. The league confirmed last week that it is investigating the matter under the auspices of its personal conduct policy.
Attorney Tony Buzbee, who is representing all 16 of the women, said in a news conference last week that his firm's next step would be to submit information and evidence to Houston police and the Harris County District Attorney's Office – the first steps toward potential criminal charges. Buzbee did not immediately reply to an email inquiry Tuesday about whether that had occurred.
WATSON'S IMAGE:Allegations against Deshaun Watson are in stark contrast to his NFL image
JARRETT BELL:Deshaun Watson's legal drama puts career move on pause as NFL GMs weigh allegations
Dane Schiller, a spokesperson for the district attorney's office, said in a statement Monday that "it would be inappropriate for a District Attorney's Office to comment any way on a civil lawsuit, and we refrain from publicly discussing allegations in any matter until and if a criminal charge is filed."
"We do this out of fairness to all," Schiller continued.
While most of the alleged incidents occurred in Houston, where Watson plays, one of the three filed in the past day took place in Beverly Hills. The woman, a licensed massage therapist, is described as a California resident. And unlike many of the other women, the lawsuit states that she "routinely provides massage therapy to athletes from professional football teams and other high-profile athletes."
The woman also states in the lawsuit that she "believes Watson to be a serial predator."
A first-round pick in the 2017 draft, Watson has been named to the Pro Bowl in each of the past three years and is generally regarded as one of the top players at his position. He requested a trade earlier this season due to frustration with management, but the Texans have so far declined to deal him.
Contact Tom Schad at tschad@usatoday.com or on Twitter @Tom_Schad.


The Sugar Bowl…A Scottsdale Arizona ICON!
I was in downtown Scottsdale over the weekend and when I was walking around it really brought me back. When I moved to the Metro Phoenix Area in 1979 Scottsdale was a nice, quiet sleepy little town. Now it is an incrediable mix of dining, shopping and entertainment! Something that has not changed however…is The Sugar Bowl.
The Pepto Pink building has been there ever since I can remember…and has not changed much. It is still a place for a quick meal…a sweet treat and prime people watching. In the heart of Scottsdale, AZ…it is located in an area the locals call Old Town. Right across the street you will find this sidewalk map where you can take a self guided tour back in time…and The Sugar Bowl was there back in time.
They offer a wide range of sandwiches…but most folks stop in for ice cream! You can check out their menu here. This is for sure a place for the kids as well. They have what they term the FIESTA…which is a large room for the kids to play a variety of games.
I shot a quick video to give you the feel for the place. If you are in Scottsdale you really should go in,,,have a root beer float…grab a window seat…and watch the world go by!
As always… if you are looking for a GREAT agent to help with your real estate needs please e-mail me at Adele@GreaterPhoenixHomes.com or give me a call (or text) at 602-504-3898 or 888-897-7821 x 114. Plus, I have a GREAT search tool on my web site that gives you the ability to search the entire MLS…just like agents do. Very COOL! Go to Metro Phoenix Homes and check it out! YOU can create and save as many searches as you would like…and it is THE SAME SEARCH I DO AS AN AGENT! You will LOVE it!
ATTENTION AGENTS…Is your Real Estate Career or Company taking you where you want to go?
Need MORE business? Need MORE leads? What has your company done for you lately?


Home Sweet Home was composed by Bishop and Payne for the ballad opera Clari, or The Maid of Milan, and first published in 1823. It is one of several 19th century popular songs that have been converted into dance tunes and become an integral part of the Island fiddle repertoire: some others are Jubilo (aka Kingdom Comin'), Darlin' Nelly Grey, and When You and I Were Young, Maggie.
Home Sweet Home is in fact commonly played on PEI in two "metric"styles: as a set tune in duple time (that is, 2/2 or 4/4 time), and in 3/4 time as The Home Waltz. It is particularly interesting in this regard to compare the 2/2 and 3/4 time versions of a single fiddler, an opportunity that presents itself here through the recordings of Sidney Baglole.
The kind of bowing used by Baglole and Johnny Joe & Phonsey Chaisson to play the set-tune version of Home Sweet Home represents an older style of dance fiddling that was nearly gone from the Island scene by the early 1990s when this recording project got underway. Francis MacCormack's version, influenced by years living in Ontario, has a much more modern cast.
Notation for the set tune (2/2) version of Home Sweet Home as played by Sidney Baglole, and for The Home Waltz as played by Attwood O'Connor, are in Fiddle Music of Prince Edward Island.


Where did the idea of the Fat Burning Zone come from?
It is accurate to say that your body is most efficient at burning fat at low steady state levels of exercise. So at this level, of the calories burned, most will be from fat. The problem is that you are not burning very many calories. I've explained before that it is the overall calorie burn that matters where weight loss is concerned.
Long, slow, steady state cardiovascular exercises is the least efficient thing we can do to burn fat. The whole Fat Burning Zone is one of the biggest scams out there.
Just to drive the point home, think of a marathon race. Aside from the elite athletes who cross the finish line first, the average runner is not usually super fit and probably carrying an extra 5,10, 20, etc. lbs. If they are training for 12 weeks, running between 12-20 miles at a clip, shouldn't everyone look like the elite runners in front? The long steady state endurance training needed to complete the marathon is not an effective way to lose weight.
I am certainly not saying that you won't be in good shape. Endurance is incredibly important. And I am not saying that you won't drop a few lbs just from the added activity. I am just pointing out that it is not a very efficient way to lose weight.
I am a big fan of metabolic training. That is short intervals of intense workouts with limited rest. Not only are the incredibly effective, they are not very time consuming.
I will devote another post on metabolic training.
For now, stay away from the Fat Burning Zone and start actually burning fat.


Method of manufacturing a bicycle saddle - Selle San Marco di Girardi Comm. Luigi S.p.A.
A saddle includes a body of thermoplastic material constituting a load-bearing structure on which a padding of expanded plastics material is fitted. The padding is made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer which does not require the application of a covering layer. The padding is formed by injection moulding and allowed to expand to a size larger than the final size. The padding is then placed on the load-bearing structure and is firmly coupled to the load-bearing structure upon cooling and shrinking.
fitting said padding onto said body whilst said padding is larger than its final size so as to achieve firm coupling between said body and said padding when said padding has shrunk to its final size as a result of its cooling.
2. A method for the manufacture of a saddle according to claim 1, wherein the padding is formed by injection moulding from granules of ethylene vinyl acetate polymer.
The present invention relates to a bicycle saddle and to a method for its manufacture.
At the moment, a saddle for a road cycle or for a mountain bike consists of a body which constitutes its load-bearing structure, a padding, a covering and, in some cases, a second body for anchoring the edges of the covering.
the insertion of a fork-shaped metal element in suitable seats provided in the body.
A saddle thus designed has many limitations, both functional and aesthetic, and has a high production cost due to a high cost resulting from the amount of labour required for the covering of the padding which is a slow, wholly manual operation. The covering greatly affects the unit cost of the saddle whether it is made of natural leather, in which case there is a high raw-material cost, or of cheaper synthetic material but, in this second case, it is necessary to use a further component (the second body) to compensate for the incomplete adhesion of the material to the body.
A further disadvantage of known saddles is that it is impossible to introduce into the structure of the saddle (for example, between the body and the padding, between the padding and the covering, or on the covering, in relief or flat) a series of marks and writing useful for promoting the product and, in particular, accessories which improve the quality and comfort of the product such as, for example, shock-absorbing air cushions or inserts containing liquids.
In order to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages, the subject of the present invention is a bicycle saddle comprising a body of thermoplastic material constituting a load-bearing structure on which a padding of expanded plastics material is fitted, characterized in that the padding is made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer.
The main advantage of this material is that its outer surface has an aesthetic finish which does not require a covering. With the saddle according to the invention, the lengthy and expensive manual operations necessary for the conventional expanded polyurethane paddings are thus unnecessary.
Ethylene vinyl acetate is lighter and has better vibration-damping properties than the polyurethane used up to now. It is a material which can be painted, can easily be glued and has good resistance to abrasion and to external agents, for which reasons it does not require a protective covering.
According to the invention, the method of manufacturing the saddle may provide for a step for the injection moulding of the padding from ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers in granules.
Alternatively, the padding may be produced by the die-cutting and thermoforming of previously moulded ethylene vinyl acetate sheets. It is very easy, in the course of the thermoforming of the sheet material, to define seats for inserts or cushions for forming regions of different density in the padding of the saddle.
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clear in the course of the following detailed description given purely by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawing which is an exploded perspective view of a saddle according to the invention.
With reference to the drawing, the saddle according to the present invention is constituted essentially by a body 2 of injection-moulded thermoplastic material and by a padding 4 made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer.
The method of manufacture provides for the body 2 to be manufactured by injection moulding of thermoplastic material according to known technology. The padding 4 is produced separately in the manner which will be explained below and the padding 4 is then fitted onto the body 2 by gluing. A metal element 6 known as a fork is then fitted on the body 2, in known manner.
The polymer constituting the padding 4 is a closed-cell, cross-linking expanded material which is highly resistant to aging and does not require covering. The product can be glued effectively with suitable adhesives after surface roughening or abrasion. The material may have the desired coloration and may also be painted with suitable paints.
The following table gives the properties of polymers of the two types which have been found particularly advantageous for forming padding for bicycle saddles.
Suitable materials having the aforementioned properties are, for example, products of the company A.P.I. S.p.A. of Mussolente (Vicenza) and are marketed under the trade mark "APIZERO".
A first technique usable for the manufacture of the padding 4 consists of the injection of the ethylene vinyl acetate polymer into suitable moulds by a technique similar to that used for thermoplastic materials. The starting material is the polymer in granules which is supplied to an injection cylinder where it forms a fused mass at a temperature of the order of 100° C. The injection pressure is 100-400 bars and the time spent in the mould is of the order of 4-6 minutes. The mould has to be kept at a cross-linking temperature of the used copolymer typically 175°-185° C.
The EVA moulding cycle, which is similar to that for the injection of common thermoplastic resins, provides for the component to be moulded with dimensions of about 70% of its actual size. As soon as it is out of the mould, the component absorbs air and reaches dimensions of about 110%, after which, in the course of the 3-5 minutes required for it to cool, it reaches the predetermined size, taking up its final measurements.
Use can be made of these physico-mechanical temporary size-change characteristics in order to fit the EVA covering on the body when its size is 110% of its final size so that, as it cools, it can tighten with force around the body, creating an ideal mechanical coupling which is resistant to stresses, without gluing operations.
Alternatively, the padding 4 can be produced by thermoforming, starting with previously-produced ethylene vinyl acetate sheets of the desired density, thickness and colours. The sheets thus obtained are die-cut according to the design of the saddle to be covered and placed in an oven for a time and at a temperature which are predetermined experimentally. After this heating stage, the blank is placed in a suitable mould where it is left to cool until the desired shape is produced. During this operation it is possible, with the use of forms, to create seats for housing cushions or inserts of the type indicated 8 in the drawing, containing shock-absorbing fluids such as, for example, air or liquids.
The sequence for the production of the padding starting from ethylene vinyl acetate sheets is advantageous particularly because it enables any type of cutting, die-cutting, and insertion in the padding to be carried out directly and visually. It is thus extremely easy to form writing or ornamental designs in general, either in relief or engraved in the padding. It is also possible very easily to form windows of the type indicated 10 in the drawing, which render the shock-absorbing systems incorporated in the padding visible from outside, which is of considerable importance from the point of view of the promotion of the product.


text:
← "A Little Bit of Lovin" by acoustic Jazz singer Zia Quizon
Murang Lipad offers travel assistance to passengers affected by flight cancellations →
Sam Concepcion's Infinite album launch
Successful, sold-out album launch for Sam Concepcion's Infinite!
Sam Concepcion's Infinite album launch proved how loved Sam is by his fans, Samsters. During the launch last August 10, Robinson's Magnolia, the young recording artist performed songs from the album to a sold-out crowd, estimating to around 500 people.
"I am so thankful to all my Samsters for being at the launch, full-force. I love them so much," says Sam. "I've worked so hard for this album, so I really hope people will enjoy it."
Sam aso adds, that he is thankful he was given the chance to collaborate with the most prolific recording artists in the country – Billy Crawford, Christian Bautista, JayR, among others.
The album's single No Limitations, composed by Billy Crawford, Kris Lawrence, Marcus Davis, is an upbeat tune that highlights Sam's versatility as a vocalist. The song topped the mymusicstore.com charts for five straight weeks. The futuristic music video, directed by Jake Soriano, will premiere soon on MYX and also features the beautiful Solenn Heusaff.
Christian penned the song Love, Love, Love for Sam. Sam and Christian were both discovered STAGES when they worked together 10 years ago in the musical The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe. Rescue You, previously recorded as a Christian-Sam duet, is now a solo song rendered by Sam.
JayR and Sam performed a duet in the album – I'm The One, where both of them showcased their R&B influences.
Sam also records his version of Mahal Na Mahal Kita, an OPM ditty given a more contemporary feel.
Singapore-based composed Tat Tong contributed There's No Me (Without You).
Sam gives a welcome surprise in the inclusion of modern-anthemic song Di Ka Nag-iisa, a collaboration with up and coming band Runmanila.
Infinite also includes bonus tracks Panalangin and Kontrabida – both songs are lifted from Sam's landmark projects last year (the movie IdoBidooBidoo and the 2012 PhilPop, where Sam's entry won 2nd place).
Infinite Tracklist:
I'm The One
She Drives Me Crazy
Mahal Na Mahal
Di Ka Nag-iisa
Rescue You
There's No Me (Without You)
Kontrabida
FOLLOW Sam Concepcion:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/samconcepcion001
Twitter: @sam_concepcion
Instagram: @sam_concepcion
This entry was posted in Entertainment, Music. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Q: Typescript - Warning: To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension I run an app with nodejs and typescript. It is my first step. While I want to deploy the backend app in heroku, I have an error (no error in localhost):

Warning: To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension.

Of course I've set "type": "module", but this time I have this error:

[ERR_UNKNOWN_FILE_EXTENSION]: Unknown file extension ".ts"

I've tried multiple solution proposed in different thread related to those error

*

*To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension

*Can't run my Node.js Typescript project TypeError [ERR_UNKNOWN_FILE_EXTENSION]: Unknown file extension ".ts" for /app/src/App.ts

*To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension

*Can't run my Node.js Typescript project TypeError [ERR_UNKNOWN_FILE_EXTENSION]: Unknown file extension ".ts" for /app/src/App.ts
Unfortunately, none of them works (reminder, it worked in local when I didn't use type:module)
Node version: v14.15.4
Here my tsconfig.json
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    /* Basic Options */
    "target": "ESNext",
                       /* Specify ECMAScript target version: 'ES3' (default), 'ES5', 'ES2015', 'ES2016', 'ES2017','ES2018' or 'ESNEXT'. */
    "module": "commonjs",                     /* Specify module code generation: 'none', 'commonjs', 'amd', 'system', 'umd', 'es2015', or 'ESNext'. */
    "sourceMap": true,                     /* Generates corresponding '.map' file. */
    "strict": true,                           /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */
    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,  /* Allow default imports from modules with no default export. This does not affect code emit, just typechecking. */
    "esModuleInterop": true,                   /* Enables emit interoperability between CommonJS and ES Modules via creation of namespace objects for all imports. Implies 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports'. */
  },
  "include" : [
    "src/**/*.ts"   /* Include every ts file in source folder */
, "src/server..mjs"],
"exclude" : [
    "node_modules"  /* exclude everything in  node_modules */
],
}

Here my package.json

{
  "name": "backend-typescript",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "src/server.ts",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
    "start": "node src/server.ts",
    "dev": "nodemon src/server.ts"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "@types/body-parser": "^1.19.0",
    "@types/cors": "^2.8.10",
    "@types/express": "^4.17.12",
    "@types/mongoose": "^5.11.97",
    "@types/node": "^15.12.4",
    "axios": "^0.21.1",
    "body-parser": "^1.19.0",
    "config": "^3.3.6",
    "cors": "^2.8.5",
    "dotenv": "^10.0.0",
    "express": "^4.17.1",
    "googleapis": "^78.0.0",
    "http-status-codes": "^2.1.4",
    "jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.1",
    "moment": "^2.29.1",
    "nodemon": "^2.0.7",
    "passport": "^0.4.1",
    "passport-google-oauth20": "^2.0.0",
    "throat": "^6.0.1",
    "typescript": "^4.3.4"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/config": "^0.0.38",
    "@types/jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.2",
    "@types/passport": "^1.0.6",
    "@types/passport-google-oauth20": "^2.0.8"
  }
}

A: Install ts-node through npm and use the console to run ts-node nameoffile.ts.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"Thank you for this class. My son really enjoyed it!" -- Parent Karen C.
"Thank you, Kathy! I appreciate you putting in the work and conducting the program. You provided many great ideas for the group to use with students.
"Numerous colleagues have been very interested in this class and how it worked.
Crafts for Learning educator Kathy Ceceri is an award-winning author, crafts designer, and teaching artist with a focus on science, technology, history, and art. She travels throughout the Northeast and around the country presenting hands-on workshops for students, teachers, and families. In addition to programs at schools, museums, and libraries, she teaches Maker skills for teens through the Albany Medical College STEP program and recently helped the Girl Scouts of the USA create a new series of robotics badges.
Kathy has written for print publications including MAKE, Wired, FamilyFun, Home Education Magazine, Sesame Street Parents and Child. Online, she served as About.com's Homeschooling Expert and was a founding editor of the popular GeekMom blog and a top writer for Wired.com's GeekDad blog. With her family, she also created "at-home" science blogs detailing their homeschool activities that were featured in The New York Times and the American Chemical Society's Chemical & Engineering News.
Kathy studied illustration at Parsons School of Design and received her Bachelors in English Literature at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. The mother of a virtual reality software engineer and a filmmaker, she lives in Upstate New York.


HomeCIE Spotlight: Re-framing values for a World Heritage future: what type of icon will K'gari-Fraser Island become?
CIE Spotlight: Re-framing values for a World Heritage future: what type of icon will K'gari-Fraser Island become?
Title: Re-framing values for a World Heritage future: what type of icon will K'gari-Fraser Island become?
Authors: Wardell-Johnson, G.; Schoeman, D.; Schlacher, T.; Wardell-Johnson, A.; Weston, M. A.; Shimizu, Y.; Conroy, G.
Brief summary of the paper: K'gari-Fraser Island, the world's largest barrier sand island, is at the crossroads of World Heritage status, due to destructive environmental use in concert with climate change.
Will K'gari-Fraser Island exemplify innovative, adaptive management or become just another degraded recreational facility?
We synthesize the likely impact of human pressures and predicted consequences on the values of this island. World-renown natural beauty and ongoing biological and geological processes in coastal, wetland, heathland and rainforest environments, all contribute to its World Heritage status.
The impact of hundreds of thousands of annual visitors is increasing on the island's biodiversity, cultural connections, ecological functions and environmental values. Maintaining World Heritage values will necessitate the re-framing of values to integrate socioeconomic factors in management and reduce extractive forms of tourism.
Environmentally sound, systematic conservation planning that achieves social equity is urgently needed to rectify historical mistakes and update current management practices.
Characterizing and sustaining biological refugia will be important to retain biodiversity in areas that are less visited. The development of a coherent approach to interpretation concerning history, access and values is required to encourage a more sympathetic use of this World Heritage environment. Alternatively, ongoing attrition of the islands values by increased levels of destructive use is inevitable.


Hrvatski Telekom Prva Liga – Follow the Football match between Dinamo Zagreb and Inter-Zaprešic live with Eurosport. The match starts at 23:30 on 30 March 2019. Our live coverage lets you follow all the key moments as they happen.
Who will come out on top in the battle of the managers Nenad Bjelica or Samir Toplak? Find out by following our live matchcast.
Have your say by voting on who will win between Dinamo Zagreb and Inter-Zaprešic? Enjoy some pre-match reading with related articles about these two Enjoy some pre-match reading with related articles about these two Football teams.
Head-to-head: see historical stats and visit our detailed profiles for Dinamo Zagreb vs Inter-Zaprešic. Get all the latest on Football: fixtures, results and tables.