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Weekly Story #3: The Conductor Took the Wrong Train
Skipping ahead this time. The one I was going to put up this week turned out to be one I'd actually like to get published professionally. I've sent "The Indigo Fender of Spectra Q" out, and we'll see how that goes. Instead, here's third story from the first wave, a shorter one that draws a little inspiration from the manga Nodame Cantabile. The prompt: Subway Car - Conductor/1st Violin - Worried
THE CONDUCTOR TOOK THE WRONG TRAIN
Helen felt like she had an entire percussion section playing in her chest. She clutched her case close to her. Everything else had gone wrong today, and the last thing she needed was to drop or lose it. She'd already almost left it at Mom's. Hopefully this train could get her to the auditorium with enough time to tune up before everything started. Hopefully.
Her phone rang. It was Mom. "Hey, Mom. I'm almost there."
"Good, good," Mom said. "I got your dress back from the cleaners. I've already taken care of the bill."
"Thank you so much. I'll pay you back tonight."
"Don't worry about it. Not like you threw up."
Sometimes Helen felt like she needed to be more independent, but today her mom had come through tremendously. "How's Dale? Is he doing better?"
"Still pukey, but he's watching cartoons, so he doesn't care. Sorry we can't come to the concert."
"It's probably going to bomb anyway." Helen had stayed up all night practicing the concerto. Maestro Limmherst had practically demanded it—that slavedriver.
"Well, good luck. You'll do fine."
Helen put her phone back in her purse. Brahms had always been a challenge for her, and the rhythm changes in this concerto had given her more trouble than anything since she first performed Stravinsky in college. It certainly would have been helpful if Limmherst didn't hiss his instructions like some kind of reptile or stamp his foot on the floor so loudly whenever you messed up. He'd made a flutist cry and one of the trumpeters threaten to quit. Helen could only imagine the fury he'd unleash on her when she cut it so close.
He wouldn't care that she'd overslept from practicing all night. He wouldn't care that she'd nearly forgotten to get her dress back from the cleaners. He wouldn't care that her three-year-old had vomited all over it, so she had to take him to Mom and borrow one of her dresses, which was a size too big and looked frumpy and wrinkly on her. He wouldn't care about the traffic she had to drive through just to get back to where she could board a subway. He had his way of doing things, and if she had life get in her way, it wasn't his problem.
She could already hear him telling her this meant she didn't take music seriously enough. She wished she weren't so anxious, so she could tell him what she really thought. He didn't care about music, he just cared about control, and fame—whatever meager fame you could get as a classical conductor. Musicians like her weren't people to him, they were machines. He had no interest in the passions and struggles they put into their performances. He could never compare to their old conductor. She hoped Maestro Peter's shows in Pittsburgh were sold out, just to spite Limmherst.
The train came to a stop. Helen checked the clock on her phone. She still had seven minutes before the show was scheduled to start. Still barely enough time. Limmherst could say whatever he wanted. She was going to rip his expectations to shreds, and then tell him what she thought.
The door opened, and the next wave of commuters and pedestrians filed in.
Among them, Helen saw the unmistakable balding head and stubbled chin of Wolfgang Limmherst, dressed in his tuxedo, his neck bent with what looked like exhaustion.
He turned his eyes, and saw her. They stared at each other for a moment, each one drinking in the same reality. All the fear within her went silent, as well as all the anger. He turned and went to the next car.
When they reached the concert hall, neither one had anything to say to the other.
Post settings Labels Published on 7/23/18, 12:27 PM Eastern Standard Time Links Location Options


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Q: Route::resource and Route::controller equivalent for Lumen? I'm building a little Lumen application, but I'm unable to figure out the equivalent of Laravel's Route::resource and Route::controller function for Lumen.

A: Lumen is a microframework, engineered for performance rather than extensive functionality. It doesn't use the full Laravel router, so there are no Route::resource or Route::controller functions.
You can manually define similar routes, if you like.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


During his eight years at the helm of Al Jazeera, Wadah Khanfar was widely considered one of the most powerful figures in the world. In a spirited interview, he spoke to editor-in-chief Hicham Yezza about the future of the Arab world, why he left Al Jazeera, and what he plans to do next.
Two weeks ago Wadah Khanfar, former Director-General of Al-Jazeera, was in London to take part in an event entitled "Securing the Arab Revolutions" that was organised by Middle East Monitor (MEMO) and chaired by Mehdi Hasan, senior political editor for the New Statesman.
After the event, I caught up with Khanfar for an interview to discuss his views on the events, and controversies, of recent months as well as the road ahead, both for the region and himself, notably his new initiative, the Sharq Forum.
I started by asking him to elaborate further on the title of his talk, "Securing the Arab Revolutions".
Wadah Khanfar The issue that I think is very relevant to our current reality in the Arab world is how to transcend the discussion and debate that we had during the revolution into something that might be helpful for political groups, traditional movements and even governments after the revolution.
The networks that were established by the youth had a profound impact on the way that politics and social life were conducted during the revolution. To give you an example, the Yemeni society is very tribal. However, through the process of networked reality, the Yemeni society itself became flat, so you will see chiefs of tribes, and you will see tribesmen in Al Taghyeer square, with youth, with other groups of the public, working together without any barriers. Not only that, you will see them chanting slogans after a woman, which is not easy to see in a society like that.
In Tahrir square, 25 days before the revolution, you had a huge crisis emerging between the Muslims and the Copts, after the explosion in Alexandria. However, in Tahrir square you will find Muslims praying on Friday and Christians protecting them, and you will see on Sunday Muslims doing the same for the Christians.
So the idea is that the networked reality in the Arab world created a magnificent culture of tolerance and redefined the boundaries within the society and made it much wider to an extent that includes everyone. We would like that to be extended to another circle, which is the circle of institutionalised political groups and parties. They must redefine their ideological rhetoric, structural forms and hierarchies and become much more flexible to include others in the society.
We also need a political consensus. During the last few decades we didn't have a chance to talk to each other. Islamists have their own tools and institutions and their own rhetoric, the same goes for Secularists and Arab nationalists.
We never had a chance to sit together and to develop some kind of consensus on values. Yes, on implementation, people have to disagree, but what about overarching values and principles for their society and for the public interest? In London for example – in Britain – when new elections take place and the Labour party takes over from the Conservative part, it does not change the principles, the core interests of the state. Parties compete amongst themselves to achieve the State's best interests, not to replace it.
In the Arab world, the new political groups that are arriving into power should understand that they should first come to a consensus on what exactly the issues of political interests and the identity of the state should look like, and then they can actually develop a stable democracy. In order to do so, we launched two days ago the Sharq Forum (in Tunisia). The idea of the forum is to launch a platform for various political groups and youth networks, and even business people and various sectors of the society, to develop a consensus on the principles and values of democracy and, at the same time, to exchange thoughts and ideas and to create a much more tolerant environment in the Arab world, not based on the electoral weight of each party but based on how good and great the ideas put forward.
In the summer we will have our first conference – but we will have many other specialised sub-conferences and forums all over the Arab world. Hopefully, by getting people together we can, again, bring the essence and the spirit that Tahrir square and the revolutions, and networks, in the Arab world created and make it available and common amongst elder generations from the political leaders and even from newly elected governments and parliaments.
Hicham Yezza: In your talk you said something very interesting about there being "no trust, only interests". This comes back to a lot of questions we keep hearing, especially from the anti war left, namely how can the Arab Spring still be considered a mass movement if it is – at least on the surface – supported by the United States? The assumption is, if there is US support, then there's something unsavoury to it.
WK: We have every reason to believe that the united states did not favour the revolutions at the beginning. They were actually speaking about "stability" for the Egyptian and Tunisian regimes. The French supported Ben Ali.
The revolutions did not consult with anyone and were not supported by anyone. They have grown organically from within society. But when the Americans, and the foreign governments, felt that this is a trend that no one could change they too started supporting it. But this support was on a rhetorical and political basis, it was done in the interest of these countries, not in the interest of revolution. If the support was in the interest of the public it would have been done a long time ago, when Ben Ali and Mubarak were favoured by the west.
In my opinion, what the Americans did, and what the western governments did, was for their domestic image and also because they felt that they needed to have a much more positive relationship with the masses of the Arab world, because the masses right now are in control. They did it for their own interests.
The revolutions today are not really supported by the US because, as I told you earlier, they promised 34 billion dollars for Tunisia and Egypt, and none of that was delivered so far. We still need to see what kind of support western governments might really give to these new Arab governments.
HY: Here in the UK, especially among many Arab youth and students, the media coverage around Syria for instance is creating a lot of internal conflict. On the one hand, they clearly want democracy and want to do something to help what they see as a legitimate uprising being crushed by force. But on the other hand, the fear of a Libyan scenario, which they see as different from the Egyptian scenario; that it's about regime change rather than "people vs power".
I agree with you. Everyone was wishing that the revolution in Libya would continue peacefully and would reach its destination without any foreign intervention. But there is a very important thing that, frankly speaking, everyone in the region knows. That night, when the forces of Gaddafi approached Benghazi and they were about to crush the city, they were facing a potential massacre. The mood in the Arab world, and in Libya, was to call for foreign intervention to stop Gaddafi's troops from entering Benghazi.
So the foreign intervention in Libya was called for by the Libyans, and by many Arabs in the region, which is exactly contrary to what happened in Iraq. When the Americans intervened in Iraq most of the people in the region were against that.
The result is that, right now NATO has gone out of Libya and a government has been formed and is going through a democratic process. I don't really feel, to be frank, that the foreign intervention – which we did not like, none of us did, but alas was a necessity to protect civilians – the foreign intervention will not continue, and has not continued.
Hopefully the country will go through reconciliation, and I am optimistic that the Libyan society right now is aware of what should be done in order to reach a new consensus as well, especially between tribes that fought on both sides. And I feel they have started to really come together and to have a national reconciliation which in my opinion will lead to much more stability.
HY: In the aftermath of the recent upheavals, especially in Libya and Syria, some of those who had praised Al Jazeera for its coverage in Egypt and Tunisia are now blaming it for being an "agent of imperialism". If you had to present one reason for why we shouldn't believe this assessment, what would be your best argument?
WK: For the last fifteen years, Al Jazeera did not change its editorial policy. From the day we launched this channel until now, Al Jazeera adopted a philosophy with one direction: to give an opinion to everyone and, at the same time, to also look at the direction of where the public interest or, let us call it "the pulse of the nation" is going. That kind of policy, at the beginning, was favoured by the Americans and the western governments, who looked at Al Jazeera as the voice of democracy up to 2001.
In 2001, the Americans changed their opinion, they started looking at Al Jazeera as a threat and they bombed our bureaux and they killed our journalists. Despite that, we did not change, and continued doing the same thing. We continued to support democracy and freedom of expression in the Arab world until the revolutions started, even when the west had actually given up on it. In my opinion we did not change, the philosophy was the same: supporting democracy and freedom of expression and becoming the "voice for the voiceless". This is what we did. That has not changed.
The west changed, from supporting democracy, up to 2001, then supporting authoritarian regimes, up to the beginning of Arab Spring, and now they are shifting. We did not. We're not the voice of anyone beside the public. And why will we be the voice of the Americans? For what reason, would we be the voice of imperialism? For what reasons? When hey killed us, when they bombed us, and when they were conspiring to bomb Al-Jazeera's headquarters in Al Doha, we did not change our opinion. We did not change our editorial policy. Why would we change it today?
HY: For my last question, I'd like to bring it back to the personal. You have now moved on from Al Jazeera, and I wanted to know, first, where do you see yourself in five years time. Secondly, in the aftermath of your departure, a lot has been said about the reasons behind it, and you have spoken about it yourself, leading to lots of theories. Is there anything new, that hasn't been said?
WK: I have decided that eight years are enough to implement your vision, to give the best that you have. Then you start a routine, you start repeating yourself. So I thought that it was not fair, neither to myself nor to Al Jazeera for me to continue. That was my decision.
Where am I heading? I have started the Sharq Forum which, as I told you, is trying to help the youth in particular, and political groups as well, to go through the transition. I hope I will stick to that and I will be trying – with my colleagues, of course, not on my own, a lot of people – to help.
We are establishing a network rather than a hierarchical organisation and, hopefully soon, this culture of networks, of public participation, will become in the Arab world a phenomena that will go beyond the youth to encompass everything, and I would love to be there.
I would love as well to develop media, which I call "people's media", that takes the essence of participation and interactivity and builds on social networking, and genuinely puts the human being at the centre. This is what I hope to do.
HY: Wadah Khanfar, thank you very much for talking to Ceasefire.


Fannie Ruth Roberson, age 78, of Nicholls, passed away on Monday October 29, 2018 at her residence. Mrs. Roberson was born on July 19, 1940 in Douglas, the daughter of the late Fred Merritt and Ethel Vickers Merritt.
She worked as a private sitter and was a member of Dry Creek Baptist Church.
In addition to her parents, Mrs. Roberson was preceded in death by a sister, Mary Merritt and a brother, Olan Merritt.
Survivors include a two daughters, Londie Mims (husband Jerry) of Alma and Teresa Anderson of Nicholls; brother, Larry Roberson of Douglas; six grandchildren, Jesse Roberson, Rodney Anderson (wife Kaitlan), Kayla Anderson, Tiffany Walker (husband Mark), Andrew Hayes and Tina Mims; great grandchild, Ava Grace Courson; sister-in-law, AnnDora Merritt of Douglas; special friends, Lucy Hale, Sharon Cornelison and Nancy Mims; several nieces and nephews.
Funeral services will be held on Thursday November 1, 2018 at 11 am at Sims Funeral Home Chapel with Rev. John Thomas officiating and Rev. David Davis officiating at the graveside. Interment will follow at Hall Cemetery. The family will receive friends Thursday morning from 10 am until time of service. Pallbearers will be Robbie Roberson, Terry Roberson, Ricky Merritt, Lamar Merritt, Robert Taylor and Sam Taylor.
Memorials may be made to Hospice Care Options, 200 S. Cherry St., Ocilla, GA 31774.


The skate park can be an intimidating place, especially if it's full of teenage boys smoking and swearing and you're a six-year-old girl who wants to get some practice in. That's what happened to Jeanean Thomas' daughter Peyton as she approached their local park in southern Ontario, after plucking up the courage to get on a board after months of wanting to.
When her daughter got on the ramp one of the boys approached her. But it wasn't to tell her this is only for older kids and to get lost, instead he took the time out to teach her some essential skills—and she gladly listened.
The mom was so touched by this act of kindness and generosity, she wrote an open letter and posted it to twitter, thanking the guy for taking the time to share some of his knowledge.
She proceeded to go down the ramp in spite of you and your friends flying past her and grinding rails beside her. She only had two or three runs in before you approached her and said "Hey, excuse me …" I immediately prepared to deliver my "She's allowed to use this park just as much as you guys" speech when I heard you say, "Your feet are wrong. Can I help you?" You proceeded to spend almost an hour with my daughter showing her how to balance and steer, and she listened to you – a feat not attained by most adults.
You held her hand and helped her get up when she fell down and I even heard you tell her to stay away from the rails so that she wouldn't get hurt. I want you to know that I am proud that you are part of my community, and I want to thank you for being kind to my daughter, even though your friends made fun of you for it. She left the skate park with a sense of pride and with the confidence that she can do anything, because of you.
After Jeanean posted the letter it quickly went viral, because the internet loves random acts of kindness second only to a virtual lynching. Local Ontario paper the Cambridge Times tracked down this kind stranger, and unveiled him as 20-year-old Ryan Carney.
Although the internet and media has raised him to the status of unsung hero of our age, it came naturally to Carney to help out a little girl who was trying her hand at a sport that he not only practised, but also coached.
"The day of it, I didn't think much of it to be honest. I don't really know why it's a big deal. I went up there just simply to be nice," Carney explained.
"If I didn't know what the heck I was doing, and I was in a place that could be intimidating at that age, I'd want someone to help me. When you put a smile on someone else's face, it's infectious. If you do something nice for someone, something nice will happen to you."


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The Nascentes do Paranapanema State Park ( is a state park in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
It protects part of the largest remnant of Atlantic Forest in Brazil.

Location

The Nascentes do Paranapanema State Park is in the municipality of Capão Bonito, São Paulo.
It has an area of  of Atlantic Forest covering the sources of the Paranapanema River.
The park is in a mountainous area, and much of its territory is in the buffer zones of the Carlos Botelho and Intervales state parks.
The region contains one of the best preserved remnants of Atlantic Forest in Brazil, and shelters many endangered species of flora and fauna.
It also has a rich historical heritage and holds various tourist attractions.
It is part of a biological corridor, or continuum, recognized by UNESCO as a biosphere reserve.

History

The Nascentes do Paranapanema State Park was announced during the June 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20).
The new park and other units would make up the Paranapiacaba Conservation Units Mosaic, a forest massif of over .
São Paulo state decree 58.148 of 21 June 2012 created the state park and the mosaic.
The objectives were protection of biodiversity, water resources and the biological corridor of Paranapiacaba, forming a biological continuum to preserve its ecological processes and gene flows, and to support ecotourism, leisure and environmental education.

The park was expected to develop sustainable employment form ecological and cultural tourism in the region.
The land was already owned by the state, and only ten residents had been identified, whose rights would be respected.
The deputy mayor of Capão Bonito said the municipality should be compensated for "freezing" of part of the territory. Important mineral resources could not now be extracted, two cement plants could not be expanded, and there were question over who would maintain rural roads in the area.

Environment

The forest is extremely well preserved, and is home to the largest population of jaguars (Panthera onca) in the Atlantic Forest.
It includes other threatened species such as cougar (Puma concolor), South American tapir (Tapirus terrestris), bush dog (Speothos venaticus), pygmy brocket (Mazama nana) and southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides).
The connection between the various areas in the Paranapiacaba mosaic will help the species to survive.
The jaguar tends to avoid areas frequented by man, which include areas used by hunters and gatherers of heart of palm in the reserve.
It is estimated that there are just 250 individual jaguars in the states of Paraná, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, most of them in the mosaic area.
There are more than 450 species of birds.

The country people of the region consider that the primates in the park are good to eat.
In 2012 environmental police seized the bodies of two howler monkeys and one southern muriqui.
The muriqui, the largest primate in the Americas, is strongly threatened with extinction.
In March 2013 environmental police found a hunter's camp with a shack equipped with a stove and kitchen utensils.
A monkey that had been cleaned and was ready to eat was found, and the carcasses of an armadillo, and threatened birds such as solitary tinamou (Tinamus solitarius), neotropical bellbird and toucans.
The hunters escaped into the forest.

Notes

Sources

State parks of Brazil
Protected areas established in 2012
2012 establishments in Brazil
Protected areas of São Paulo (state)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We all know every credit card is different. Whether you have the popular Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card or the Citi Thank You Premier, the benefits you receive from them may make the difference between a normal vacation and an amazing one.
Not all cards are created equal, and the Visa Signature brand is hosting a large array of benefits across its co-branded cards that you may not be aware of. These you qualify for in addition to your other card-specific benefits. I know over the years of having a Visa Signature card, I've saved money from theater tickets to Fandango. This post will outline many of those ".
This is one of the best benefits that Visa Signature offers its cardholders. A select number of 4 and 5-starred hotels in many cities around the world offer you extra benefits, just for booking through Visa Signature. Often, the rate is the same or a little more for a large amount of extra benefits. In addition, if you have status with one of their loyalty programs, you'll receive all the benefits of that as well Some benefits include free internet, room upgrade, free breakfast, late checkout, a $25 food or beverage voucher, and VIP guest status.
Often, limited time (6 months, usually) offers appear on the Visa Signature page. These can range across a number of industries, but as of this writing, offers at the Conrad Miami for a 4th night free, 10% off Super Shuttle, 20% off Lenovo computers, VIP treatment at Orange County's South Coast Plaza are just some of the offers available. Check before you book to see if your hotel or hotel chain is offering limited time discount.
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What Cards are Available in the Visa Signature Family?
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With so many choices out there, it may be hard to choose a card. However, the benefits speak for themselves: if you travel a lot, a Visa Signature Card is incredibly worth it.
To check out all the benefits click .
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Luis Trujillo
Today a public lighting maintenance engineer, Luis was 8 years old when his family moved to San Juan de Lurigancho. He still recalls that around his house there were cultivation lands and no electricity. Going from candles to electrical energy was decisive, as it improved his quality of life and that of his family; perhaps this is why Luis values so much the work done by Enel: solving public lighting problems; which means giving neighbourhoods their electricity back.
Some 200 failures are reported each day through Fonocliente, 80% of which are dealt with within 24 hours. To reach this record, Luis has about 100 technicians who comb our concession area from end to end. What is the most frequent complaint? Lamps off.
Electrical engineer from UNI and father of Almendra and Mauricio, Luis has engraved in his memory the date he officially joined our company: 31 May 1996. "Being part of Enel is very important to me because of the work done for the people; public lighting helps to strengthen safety and offers comfort".
Safety and comfort also enjoyed by his family, who lives in Los Olivos. On a day off, a few years ago, Luis was walking with his daughter when he ran into a team who was repairing public lighting wires. He asked her to wait and approached them. She followed him, saw him interact. Minutes later she asked what he had been doing and why ... With each answer, Dad felt electric power running through his veins. "I want to be an engineer too!" she said then, although now she is developing a passion for Administration. "Time will tell", he says.
I am Enel
Cristhian Venero
Andrea Chipana
Rocío Chicoma

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Data Futures
Texts/Videos
A series of events programmed by the Institute for Modern and Contemporary Culture, University of Westminster, at The David Roberts Art Foundation Fitzrovia as part of their current exhibition 'Sculpture of the Space Age', curated by Raimundas Malasauskas.
Thursday November 5th 2009, 6:30-8:30: THE FUTURE
Tom Corby (new media artist; cultural ecologist; University of Westminster)
David Cunningham (academic, aesthetician, University of Westminster)
Benjamin Noys (author of The Culture of Death and Georges Bataille, University of Chichester)
John Timberlake (painter, photographer, Head of BA Fine Art, Middlesex University)
Thursday November 12TH, 2009, 6:30-8:30: THE FUTURE IS HISTORY
Jon Cairns (fine arts, Central Saint Martins College, University of the Arts)
Sally O'Reilly (art critic, Founder of Implicasphere, author of The Body in Contemporary Art)
Uriel Orlow (multi-media installer, historian, narrator of the impossible, University of Westminster)
Saturday November 21st, 2009, 2-4: THE FUTURE IS TOMORROW
Lennard J. Davis (author of books on normalcy, obsession, and genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago)
Chris Horrocks (author of books on Foucault, McLuhan, and Baudrillard, Kingston University)
Ben Watson (independent music critic, Marxist theorist, poet, and author of books on Frank Zappa, art and class, and Derek Bailey)
Thursday November 26th, 6:30-8:30: THE FUTURE IS NOW
Garin Dowd (Deleuzian commentator on film & writing, Thames Valley University)
Sue Golding (philosopher of time and space, University of Greenwich)
Stephen Melville (critic of modernity and the avant-garde; Ohio State University)
Chair: David Cunningham and Marquard Smith, University of Westminster, London
Written by David on Thursday, posted in Event (No comments yet)
Tagged as futurology, the avant-garde, The Future
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The University of Westminster
Alison Craighead
David Cunningham
Matthew Charles
Peter Cornwell
The Institute for Modern and Contemporary Culture
University of Westminster Department of English, Linguistics and Cultural Studies
32-38 Wells Street, London W1T 3UW. United Kingdom.
© 2020 The Institute for Modern and Contemporary Culture


text:
Published: 0326 GMT November 30, 2018
Official: Turkish businessmen, officials do not approve of US sanctions on Iran
Turkish traders, businessmen and economic officials have, in their statements, announced that they do not approve of unilateral US sanctions against Iran and will not abide by them, said the secretary general of Iran-Turkey Joint Chamber of Commerce.
On May 8, US President Donald Trump pulled Washington out of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), signed between Tehran and P5+1 in July 2015, and announced that the White House will reimpose unilateral sanctions — in two phases both already in place — on Iran.
Jalal Ebrahimi told ISNA that in the past 10 days, Turkish press and media published numerous articles by the country's officials, traders and political as well as economic experts, all focusing on rejection of Washington's unilateral sanctions against Iran and its people.
He said Erdal Tanas Karagöl, the head of the economic section at the Turkish Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research (SETA), maintained that the United Nations (UN) Security Council does not, within the framework of the international laws, approve of US sanctions against Iran.
Quoting the Turkish official, Ebrahimi added Ankara will not comply with US sanctions on Iran's oil exports.
He said Hatice Beril Dedeoğlu, a former Turkish minister for European Union affairs, also wrote in an article that US sanctions against Tehran are doomed to failure as the global economy's major players, including Russia and China, are on Iran's side.
She added that the impacts of US sanctions will be offset, Ebrahimi noted.
He said Trump's strategy of pressurizing Iran has failed to prove effective as his administration has not managed to convince other countries to accompany the US in the implementation of its anti-Iran policies.
Turkey meets a major part of its oil and gas demands through imports from Iran, Ebrahimi added, noting, thus, it will suffer serious losses in the absence of Iran's oil and gas sales.
"Since the very beginning Ankara was against the reimposition of such sanctions, which fail to be within the [legal] framework of the UN Security Council."
$30b trade target
Meanwhile, Iran's Parliament Speaker Ali Larijani and Speaker of Turkey's Grand National Assembly Binali Yildirim highlighted the need for realizing the $30-billion trade target between the two countries.
The top lawmaker made the remarks on Thursday in Turkish port city of Istanbul where he met with his Turkish counterpart Yildirim on the sidelines of 11th plenary session of the Asia Parliamentary Assembly (APA).
The Turkish parliament speaker said the US role in currency fluctuations is a 'warning' for regional countries and runs counter to international law.
"We never imagined that the US would one day use the dollar as a cold weapon, but after its agenda came to light, presidents of Iran, China, Turkey and Russia began discussions on national currency-based trade," he added.
He noted that the US aims to prevent cooperation among countries by exerting pressure and imposing sanctions, adding that the holding of sessions such as the APA and other similar gatherings would counter US measures and boost cooperation among nations.
Iran-Turkey business forum held in Istanbul
Iran to host joint economic commission with Turkey
Turkey, Iran to increase bilateral trade
TOBB official: Turkey, Iran should deepen trade ties
Iran, Turkey to develop trade corridors: Deputy minister
US sanctions futile against Iran-Turkey trade: Official
Turkey to continue trade with Iran despite US threats: Erdogan
Iranian envoy, Turkish trade minister discuss closer ties
Turkish exports to Iran in July up
Iran, Turkey to further facilitate bilateral trade


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Living LARGE(MOUTH)
Professional bass fishing, it turns out, is NASCAR on water -- a rolling, roaring billboard for products competing in a rich marketplace. But, being a bass pro isn't all fame and money...
By Bob Marshall
Friday morning, and the businessman in the lobby of the French Quarter hotel in New Orleans has a life that reflects the hard-charging attitude of the new century: A six-figure income. A New York publicist. Book deal. Two TV shows. And a very busy schedule: Georgia, Alabama, and Louisiana in the last 36 hours. Newspaper interview this morning; two TV stations this afternoon. Flight out tonight. Book signing tomorrow. Then...let's see, is it on to Utah or Nevada, or does he meet the family for the afternoon in a hotel room in Atlanta? He is -- what else? -- a professional bass angler.
And if he's lucky, he might get to fish this week.
"This business is about selling, and we're just glorified salesmen," says Shaw Grigsby, one of the all-time money winners on the pro bass circuit. "Our job is to move product. If we don't do that, we're out of business -- the tours are out of business.
"Today, I'd say I spend less than 30 percent of my time on the water -- and it's like that for most of the top fishermen."
What about the good ol' boy in a pickup truck, a mountain of chew in his cheek, spit cup in hand, Southern accent dripping with grits? Where's the guy from the Saturday morning TV shows, the funster with the gut drooping over a dessert-plate-sized silver belt buckle, tossing lures through a brilliant sunrise on a reservoir where every fish landed is a "gooood fish," every scene is "the prettiest thang you ever seen" -- and all of it is washed down with a soothing swallow of country western music?
"If it was only like that," Grigsby sighs. "That's the world we love. But the more successful you become, the less you fish. The business is off the water."
Any Which Way You Can Market
Professional bass fishing, it turns out, is NASCAR on water -- a rolling, roaring biboard for products competing in a rich marketplace. America's 60 million anglers spend $40 billion per year on bass fishing alone. Like auto racers, anglers wear uniforms encrusted with sponsor logos. Like the red-hot stock-car circuit, sponsorships are tied directly to the increasingly interconnected web of mass media merchandising: TV shows, magazines, books, videos, Internet sites, retailing, clinics, trade shows.
Like a majority of pro sports stars today, the top names on the bass tour make more money shilling for products than they do competing. That's where the money is, so that's where most of their attention goes. Fishing may have been the engine that started the tour, but today it's just along for the ride.
And the waters can be rough.
The men you see fishing in the tournaments, or casting on your TV screen, typically have itineraries that are more Manhattan than Mayberry. And while a dozen might have earnings well into six figures, the vast majority are rolling the dice chasing a dream that doesn't exist. The only thing most of them win is a life of road trips to outdoors shows and dealer promotions -- and debt.
"When you get past the top 12, the second echelon -- the vast majority of guys on the tours -- win about $15,000 a year at best," says Tim Tucker, author of Diary of a Bass Pro and a reporter who has covered the pro tours for almost 30 years.
"Their expenses run about $36,000 a year in entry fees and travel, not counting gear. They make up the shortfall by running all over the country for one- or two-night promotions for sponsors, and living on plastic.
"A lot of the guys -- especially the younger ones -- are living and dying on credit cards. I remember a guy who won a $100,000 first-place paycheck after two years of trying, and he said $60,000 of it was going to his credit cards.
"It's not a very romantic life. It's a hard business, even for the guys at the top. Those guys work 80 hours a week. Their schedules are killers."
Just ask Kevin VanDam, the Michigan bass angler who rocketed to fame in the '90s with a string of victories.
"I worked at my brother's marine dealership before I became a professional fisherman, and seeing the pros coming in for promotions always looked pretty glamorous and exciting to me," VanDam says. "But living it is a different story. Being away from home, living in hotel rooms for four weeks at a time, is common.
"Don't get me wrong; I'm not whining. But the travel and the scheduling take the glamour out of it, believe me."
Pros like Grigsby and VanDam are careful to praise their blessings. "Hey, we know we're living lives most guys would give an arm and a leg to have a shot at," VanDam says. "And when we're finally out on the water, it's just heaven. I wouldn't want to be anywhere else.
"But I'm not sure the average guy understands what this is all about. They don't see the business side."
If It's Tuesday, This Must Be Georgia
Once established at the top, many pros find themselves swamped by unrelenting going to his credit cards.
Once established at the top, many pros find themselves swamped by unrelenting


text:
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text:
Іван Андрес Моралес Браво (;  27 липня 1999, Лінарес, Чилі) — чилійський футболіст, нападник клубу «Коло-Коло».

Кар'єра
Є вихованцем чилійського клубу «Коло-Коло». З 2016 року — гравець першої команди.

Титули і досягнення
 Чемпіон Чилі: 2016-17А, 2017
 Володар Кубка Чилі: 2016, 2019, 2021
 Володар Суперкубка Чилі: 2017, 2018

Посилання

Чилійські футболісти
Футболісти «Коло-Коло»]
Спортсмени за алфавітом
Футболісти за алфавітом


text:
Showtime Makes Two Appointments, Restructures Corporate Communications
Shari Kaufman is joining Showtime as VP Talent Relations and Special Events. Additionally, network veteran Kate Meyer has been promoted to VP, Awards and Film Festivals. Both will report to Showtime's EVP corporate communications Trisha Cardoso, who is making one of her first major personnel moves since taking the network's top PR job in September. With the hire of Kaufman, Showtime is consolidating talent relations and special events. As part of the restructuring, longtime director of talent relations Dianne Hatlestadt has left the company. In her new role, Kaufman will oversee all talent-related activities and special events for Showtime original programming, and will handle the network's relationships with talent, producers and executives. Kaufman most recently founded and managed the boutique agency SKPR, where she represented TV clients, musical artists, and non-profit organizations and produced special events. Her clients included CBS Television Distribution's Entertainment Tonight and The Insider, where she was responsible for day-to-day talent relations, publicity and events, including the annual Entertainment Tonight Emmy party. Meyer will continue to work closely with Cardoso on all strategy for the network's award and film festival initiatives. Showtime is coming off a great showing at the Golden Globes, winning 3 awards, including a first ever drama series win for Homeland.
'When They See Us' Stars On Its Emmy Noms: "The Title Came To Life"


I recently picked up "It's Not About the Coffee: Leadership Principles from a Life at Starbucks".
As you might know, I am a bit of coffee coin-a-sewer, owning a $2000 espresso machine and such. You might also remember the only popular blog post I've ever written – the one about the Starbucks logo. I was always very interested in everything Starbucks. The reason? Well, I really could not understand how a company with coffee that is so bad could be so popular. I mean, have you tasted the stuff?
"It's Not About the Coffee" – wow, I thought, this should clear some things up. Because, I for sure know that it's not about the coffee. I've had good coffee. It just can't be about the coffee.
The first sentence of the book (int the A Note to Readers) reads: "Although this book is titled It's Not About the Coffee, of course it is about the coffee–it's about the people and the coffee." Leadership lesson number one: start out with a lie, then weasel out.
Cloying, sacchariney corporate doublespeak only got worse on the following several pages, I am not even sure I can get through the book at all. There might be some interesting Starbucks anecdotes further down, so I'll keep trying. Meanwhile I get a weird feeling about Howard Behar – the same I used to get about Soviet Politburo members: I could not understand if they believed themselves in the ideals that they extolled.
Ok, I read a couple of more pages, and was instantly rewarded by learning this interesting, although disturbing fact: besides the coffee passport, which I knew about, there's a piece of corporate propaganda known as the "Green Apron Book." Almost like Chairman Mao's "Little Red Book". Neat.
All of this reminded me a story that I've read somewhere about a North Korean student at a Moscow university that used to carry around with him a little portrait of the Great Leader, Kim Il-sung. He would meditate, looking at the picture for hours, and even used it instead of a mirror while shaving. When asked – how could he shave without a mirror, he said – this is better than a mirror.


Put aside your naïve assumptions that painting a wall can be "good fun and rewarding" if you're afraid of monotonous manual work. Truth is, if you ain't got the knack, or the stamina for the necessary ground work, it's best stick to your own profession and pay someone else.
It's here that I should point out (darling) that the completed project looks wonderful, functions perfectly, and cost us a fraction of the professionally quoted cost. Although there's still the mere matter of the rest of the bathroom – but that's another story.
This is a not a story of disaster, but I would like to question the legitimacy of the two or three weeks of missed paid work time it took to 1/plumb a toilet, 2/sand a one-point-five metre by three-metre space, 3/plaster it, and 4/paint it.
It looks good, mind you. But after all was sanded and sealed, we still had a dripping, leaking toilet, which was after all, one of the main reasons we'd decided to replace the old pink loo in the first place.
And so, in week three of having to stumble downstairs in the dark to the main bathroom, my patience was thin and I politely suggested we call in a plumber.
I didn't intend to offend the man of the house, it's just that we've already had three water related disasters in this particular part of the house (not thankfully from any of our own renovating attempts), but I didn't think the insurance company would take too kindly to hearing from us about a fourth flood claim, or in fact ever again.
I felt foolish for ever doubting the hubby, and then came a quick check below the heavy coat of silicone at the base of the loo. A tiny slit made way for a gush of water.
"Ahhh there it is" said the kind tradey, "no point glueing it up if the water is still sitting behind it". Fair play. It has to go somewhere, and preferably always out of the building.
And so the toilet was removed, a part was discovered to be missing (suppliers, not hubby's fault), and – relief of all reliefs – within the hour, we had no more drips, no more leaks, and a perfectly functioning brand spanking new loo.
So $330 later, on top of the time and cost of work already done and product already purchased, the tradey told us the husband had done 90% of the job. Saved us time and money even. Not bad for a cameraman. He too was relieved.
The ensuite is not going to win any grand design awards for small spaces. The old lino, shower and hand basin remains. But the dripping 1970's pink lavatory is in a skip, replaced by a modern day one, the walls painted a fresh white.
And now every time we flush the dunny there is a sense of pride that 90% of it was done by "us". We saved money, not necessarily time. But it was worth it.
And next time, that experience has given us new skills and knowledge of what we can achieve ourselves, and an idea of when we should ask for help.
I don't think we'll be tackling the master bathroom any time soon, but I have to admit it was a satisfying challenge, and even I might be inclined to pick up a paintbrush, if only someone else professionally sands and plasters it first.
Next Article Ready set grow!


Pugs are thought to originate in China. Traders brought these unusual dogs to Holland and the Dutch East India Company took some to England in the 19th Century. Pugs were favoured by the royal families of Britain and Europe.
Annette Steyn 072 591 3659, email debrackpug@gmail.com. Webpage: De Brack.
Thank you for your great service!! One of the best decisions I have made.......ADVERTISING ON PET'S PLACE! Annette Steyn.
The pug has a short, squashed, wrinkled face with big eyes. They have a tightly curled tail. The coat is short and smooth.
Pugs are small dogs which make good family pets, needing little exercise, though all dogs enjoy going for walks! They love to play with kids, but pug puppies are vulnerable and children should be supervised.
Pugs come in a variety of colours: black, silver, or fawn. The muzzle and around the eyes is black.
Kids should be taught never to run if a dog threatens them. Dogs chase anything that runs. The child should stand his ground and show no fear. When Nehemiah's life was threatened, he said to his enemy, "Should such a man as I flee?"
In South Africa, the dogs are sometimes called, "Mopshond"


Remember last year when I blogged about The Washington Naturals? In case you missed it photographer LaVan Anderson captured 20 natural hair beauties in an eclectic photo shoot. The feature landed on Essence.com and went viral on social media. Some of the ladies branded as "The Washington Naturals," are hosting their second natural hair event here in DC.


Once thought to have been Morris designs, the fireplace tiles in the Tapestry and White Paneled Rooms are copies of 16th century Iznik designs, commissioned by Philip Webb, produced in Holland and sold through Morris & Co.
*Unfortunately, the Victorian fireplace and grate in the dining room that Jane refers to was removed and the original stone fireplace left exposed.
In 1868, Owen Jones published The Grammar of Ornament, a highly influential book that introduced the "Persian" and "Ottoman" styles to the Victorian middle class. Morris, and De Morgan, "Persian" colors are rightly Iznik tiles. Iznik, Turkey, was a center for ceramics in the 15th and 16th century, and its tiles were prized by Morris and other Victorians both because of their quality and because the method of its production was undocumented and lost during the decline of the Ottoman Empire during the 17th century. William De Morgan, Morris's friend and colleague, repopularized the Persian color palette. Known as the Father of Arts & Crafts Ceramics, De Morgan had first worked in stained glass for Morris, Marshall, Faulkner, and Co. and this knowledge helped him to recreate the Iznik ("Persian" color pallette, and at the other end of the spectrum the metallic lustre he became so well known for.
Like the Green Room, the Tapestry Room in the North Hall features artichokes. Rossetti used the Tapestry Room as his studio. NOT an open floor plan, Rossetti had to pass through Morris's bedroom to reach his tapestry room studio from Jane's bedroom at the end of the corridor.
This Morris and Co. tile design is a one of a series of tiles copied from 16th century Iznak designs. Iznak reproduction tiles were used in both the Tapestry Room and Panelled Room fireplaces at Kelmscott manor.
Colors: Traditional Persian Tile colors. Kelmscott Tiles have yellow flowers but Morris and Co. also produced a deep salmon pink version. Colors can be modified somewhat. See How to Order Tile.
The paneled drawing room was painted white when Morris first rented Kelmscott Manor, an untraditional color the the day. Some experts trace The modern liking for plain white walls to this room.
The Persian Diaper tiles lining the White Drawing Room fireplace have green leaf accents.
The tiles are a two-tile set that are seamless in both directions. I also have a second version, with darker cobalt leaves. These tiles are only available on 4.25 inch tiles.
Colors: Traditional Morris Persian Tile colors. Kelmscott Manor Tiles have green leaves, but I have also made a blue and white version. See How to Order Tile.
and Society of Antiquaries Kelmscott Manor and Estate Conservation Management Plan (has historical sections, see Significances as well as photos not found elsewhere).
Both are much more interesting than the titles would lead you to believe and show the floorplan as it changed since Kelmscott Manor was first built, as well as many pre-renovation photos.


Description "27 [age] ; Female ; Seamstress ; Pennsylvania [place of birth]."
Source Includes data from the 1860 Census Population Schedules, Precinct No. 3, Boonville Post Office, Brazos County, Texas, Series: M653, Roll: 1289, p. 95 (stamped), p. 72 (handwritten), entry 515.
Artisan or Artist Reed, Elizabeth.


text:
What to take from the Blue-Gold game
By Keith ArnoldApr 19, 2011, 12:51 PM EDT
The 27,863 fans that paid to see the Blue-Gold game in person might be thawed out and dry by now. For the rest of you that either skipped the festivities or watched on TV, trying to quantify what you saw and reach some conclusions might be a little difficult.
First, let's cross off a few of the easy ones. Notre Dame has four intriguing quarterback options, all of whom are good enough to start for a BCS program… eventually. The Irish also have three legitimate kicking options, with Nick Tausch and Kyle Brindza putting together impressive performances. Lastly, Aaron Lynch looked pretty good out there, even if he still is a work-in-progress.
Here are a few other thoughts worth chewing on after re-watching Saturday's game.
1. Even with a shaky Saturday, Dayne Crist is still the leader in the clubhouse for the starting job.
Sure, that short-hop throw to Theo Riddick gave many of you the twitches. But Crist looks much more stable in the offense, and that 5 for 11 wasn't as ugly as it semi-appeared. Is Dayne as accurate as Jimmy Clausen (or even Brady Quinn)? No. But his command of the offense is much better than it was last year, and Crist's struggles on Saturday were often because his receiver wasn't on the same page — a page Crist was correctly on.
While it was nice to see both Hendrix and Golson flash brilliance, it's clear right now that Crist and Rees give the Irish the best chance to win. Rees' day — specifically his struggles controlling the slick ball and his poor read on Lo Wood's interception — were a reminder that Tommy isn't quite ready for prime-time either.
2. Dan Fox inserted his name into the middle of the middle linebacker conversation.
Fox has always been an intriguing candidate, but never much of an option because of his inability to stay completely healthy. But his seven tackles tied for a game high with Danny Spond and Aaron Lynch, and he was incredibly active from his middle linebacker position.
The depth at middle backer, whoever takes the spot next to Manti Te'o is an intriguing lot, with Carlo Calabrese the starter, but by no means a clear leader over Fox and Kendall Moore. You can easily add David Posluszny and Justin Utupo to that list, and I was really impressed with the freshman's physicality.
3. Bob Diaco wasn't showing his hand on Saturday.
Blink and you missed these guys: Kapron Lewis-Moore, Ethan Johnson, Darius Fleming, Gary Gray, and Harrison Smith. (I'm not counting Manti Te'o, who Kelly allowed to play on the punt team.)
Diaco has always played things close to the vest, but Saturday he filled his secondary with walk-ons and rolled into a vanilla coverage just about every play, relying on the strength of his front-seven players to keep the Irish offense at bay on a sloppy day.
Still, Kelly said everything he needed to after the game.
"When you go into the Fall and you feel like your defense is going to be able to stop the run and play the ball in the air, that is pretty good feeling," Kelly said.
4. The wide receivers need a little work. The tight ends are good to go.
Regardless of weather conditions, I was hoping to see more from Theo Riddick and TJ Jones. Jones was playing nicked up with a bum ankle and Riddick was still in the midst of a (potentially temporary) transition to Michael Floyd's receiver position. Still, it'd have been good to see one of the quarterbacks take a shot down field, especially against a mostly walk-on secondary. Robby Toma looked good in the slot, and Deion Walker finished up a strong spring with five catches for 56 yards.
While the wideouts underachieved, tight end Alex Welch impressed in his first real performance in front of Irish fans. Mike Ragone also had a nice catch to open the game in the slot, adding another complement to Tyler Eifert, who could be an All-American candidate this season. With Ben Koyack coming to campus this summer, those are four solid options at the position, taking some of the pressure off the receivers.
5. The young secondary is coming on strong.
For worried Irish fans, seeing Lo Wood step in front of a Tommy Rees pass and make a savvy play had to be reassuring. Just as important, Bennett Jackson looked like a natural at cornerback, making a few big hits and seeming at home on the opposite side of the ball. Ditto for Austin Collinsworth, who spent a ton of time as the only scholarship DB on the field, covering plenty of ground and making quite a few plays.
6. There's a punting battle brewing between Ben Turk and Kyle Brindza
It's no secret that Ben Turk struggled last year, both in terms of hang time and distance. With a strong wind, Brindza averaged 42.7 yards on his kicks while Turk averaged 40 yards per kick, with one of Turk's punts the beneficiary of some nice roll.
From all reports, Brindza is still learning and his operation time needs some work. But special teams coach Mike Elston knows he needs more out of his punter and I expect Turk and Brindza to battle well into the fall.


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A forestry scientist by trade, Boris sees the forest for the trees. His jazzy freestyle strategies have produced great things. Boris recently became a dad to a baby boy. Currently persuing his new life project 'family' with all his heart and soul in Kiel.


text:
Final Gear: Pre-registration Now Ongoing
Final Gear Komoe Technology Limited
Do you want to play a game with mechs and maidens? If so, you might want to sign up for Final Gear ahead of its release.
Those who pre-register today are eligible for some in-game goodies. The things that you get will depend on how many people end up pre-registering before the game's launch next month.
What is Final Gear?
Final Gear is a mech-styled strategy mobile RPG that features mechs and maidens and is developed and published by Komoe Technology Limited.
If you are interested in playing the game, pre-registration is now underway for Android and iOS devices.
Here are the pre-registration rewards that you can expect:
20,000: 110,000 Gold Coins
50,000: 50x Appointed Development Part
80,000: SR Natasha
100,000: "Lil" Northerner: Natasha
150,000: SSR: White Crow Suit
200,000: Royal Invitation
300,000: Elite Referral
500,000: Engagement Ring
At the time of writing, over 70,000 users have already pre-registered, with many more possibly joining before the game launches.
It is worth noting that all pre-registration rewards will only be given once the game goes live and that you have completed the daily check-ins.
Final Gear Combat Photo: Komoe Technology Limited
The story starts in the Year 2110 where a meteor hit Earth, essentially turning it into a wasteland. Those who survived have started the reconstruction efforts, with the Kegha group leading it.
Thanks to Kegha's vast numbers and superior expertise in technology, they've established their own city and have created a mobile weaponized battle armor known as the Final Gear.
The mech technology would then spread all over the lands and it would give rise to the three main forces: The Kegha, Arita, and Hexel.
Each character in the game seems to have a particular specialty. For instance, Evelynn is a Striker and likely adept in close combat.
Bernadette is a Demolisher and will possibly commandeer a mech that carries some serious firepower. Viorate is a Shooter and may specialize in ranged armaments more than her peers.
According to the game's official website, you will not only have the ability to train hundreds of maidens into mech pilots, but also have the power to build and manage your own base.
The game looks surprisingly good and polished, though it remains to be seen if it will have a smooth launch or not.
Final Gear is expected to launch on September 30 on Android and iOS devices.


We are lucky enough to derive our income from within the local community and we are keen to "give something back" to support those who support us. We are therefore delighted to be involved in the Berkhamsted Raiders Community Football Club – an example of how local drive and determination can create a wonderful resource for local families and their children.
In recognition of the challenging task Berkhamsted Raiders has in raising funding for the club, Rosebank Wealth Management has agreed to make a financial contribution to this extremely worthy cause by gifting a share of any commissions or fees generated from the implementation of financial advice offered to members of Berkhamsted Raiders.


text:
Log in via BCS
Is the Framingham risk function valid for northern European populations? A comparison of methods for estimating absolute coronary risk in high risk men
I U Haq,
L E Ramsay,
W W Yeo,
P R Jackson,
E J Wallis
Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Professor L E Ramsay, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Floor L, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK. email:d.colley{at}sheffield.ac.uk
Objective To examine the validity of estimates of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk by the Framingham risk function, for European populations.
Design Comparison of CHD risk estimates for individuals derived from the Framingham, prospective cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM), Dundee, and British regional heart (BRHS) risk functions.
Setting Sheffield Hypertension Clinic.
Patients—206 consecutive hypertensive men aged 35–75 years without preexisting vascular disease.
Results There was close agreement among the Framingham, PROCAM, and Dundee risk functions for average CHD risk. For individuals the best correlation was between Framingham and PROCAM, both of which use high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. When Framingham was used to target a CHD event rate > 3% per year, it identified men with mean CHD risk by PROCAM of 4.6% per year and all had CHD event risks > 1.5% per year. Men at lower risk by Framingham had a mean CHD risk by PROCAM of 1.5% per year, with 16% having a CHD event risk > 3.0% per year. BRHS risk function estimates of CHD risk were fourfold lower than those for the other three risk functions, but with moderate correlations, suggesting an important systematic error.
Conclusion There is close agreement between the Framingham, PROCAM, and Dundee risk functions as regards average CHD risk, and moderate agreement for estimates within individuals. Taking PROCAM as the external standard, the Framingham function separates high and low CHD risk groups and is acceptably accurate for northern European populations, at least in men.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.81.1.40
Recent guidelines for the management of hyperlipidaemia1-5 and hypertension6 7 have highlighted the importance of estimating absolute coronary heart disease (CHD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk for effective targeting of lipid lowering or antihypertensive drug therapy. Serum cholesterol, lipid fractions, or blood pressure are by themselves very weak predictors of CHD or CVD risk.8 9 The accuracy of risk prediction is enhanced by counting additional cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes, or smoking habit,8 but absolute risk is estimated most accurately by counting and weighting these additional risk factors.8 10 This entails the use of multivariate techniques to explore the contribution of risk factors in combination to discriminate between future cases and non-cases of CHD or CVD.8 11 Risk functions derived from the Framingham study10 have been used widely to predict CHD and CVD risk because of the excellent methodology and long term follow up in this population study, and because, unlike other risk functions available, it allows estimation of CHD and CVD risk in women. Simplified forms of the Framingham risk function have been incorporated in European,1 New Zealand,2 6 7 and UK3-5 guidelines for management of hyperlipidaemia and hypertension, so that treatment can be targeted at estimated absolute risk.
Risk functions derived from one population may not be valid for risk prediction in other populations,12 and concern has been expressed that the Framingham risk function may not predict risk accurately in European populations.13 Indeed, Chamblesset al have suggested that extrapolation of risk functions to populations other than those from which they were derived is not justifiable, even to predict relative risk.14 This view is inconsistent with much evidence that the Framingham risk function predicts absolute risk accurately for other North American populations as shown by studies ofexternal 8 12 15 16 andconvergent 15 validity in men8 12 15 16 and women,8 12 and for CHD death8 12 or CHD events.15 16(External (or criterion) validity requires that the technique measures what it is designed to measure—that is, the risk function predicts CVD events actually observed in a different population. Convergent validity requires that the technique yields results that are consistent with the results of other similar techniques—that is, estimates of CVD risk by one risk function are consistent with estimates from other risk functions derived from different populations.) However, the Framingham risk function certainly does not estimate absolute CHD risk accurately in populations that have a low CHD risk in relation to the recognised major risk factors. Thus the Framingham function overestimated CHD risk in French,17 Hawaiian,18 and Israeli18 populations, and in the Seven Countries study19 another North American risk function overestimated absolute risk in southern European and Japanese populations. In all of these studies the North American risk functions estimated relative risk with at least reasonable accuracy, but overestimated absolute risk.
It is not clear whether the Framingham risk function estimates absolute CHD risk accurately in northern European populations, such as those of the UK, Scandinavia, or Germany. In limited analyses the Framingham function predicted absolute CHD risk accurately on average in German men in the prospective cardiovascular Münster (PROCAM) cohort,20 and in UK men from the West of Scotland coronary prevention study (WOSCOPS).21 However the Framingham function overestimated the risk of CHD and stroke for a Swedish population,22 although the degree of overestimation was less marked in subjects at relatively high CVD risk. In the Seven Countries study19 a North American risk function estimated the absolute CHD death rate in northern European subjects accurately. The important issue is whether the Framingham risk function predicts absolute CHD risk with acceptable accuracy in individual subjects in northern European populations. If it does not then guidelines that use the Framingham function to target lipid lowering drug therapy in European1 or UK3-5 subjects will not be soundly based.
In this study we have examined the convergent validity of the Framingham risk function for predicting absolute CHD risk in northern European men. To do this we compared, in individual subjects at high risk, CHD event estimates by the Framingham functionv estimates from risk functions derived from a German population (the PROCAM risk function)23 and two UK populations, the Dundee24 and British regional heart study (BRHS)25 risk functions. Comparison of risk estimates by the Framingham function for northern European women was not possible, because to our knowledge no risk function for women derived from a European population has been published.
The data required to calculate the probability of sustaining a coronary event by the Framingham,10 PROCAM,23Dundee,24 and BRHS25 risk functions were collected prospectively for 206 hypertensive men. Some details of the populations from which these risk functions were derived, and the risk factors included in each risk function, are summarised in table 1. The hypertensive men were consecutive patients recruited to a hypertension intervention trial or referred to the Sheffield Hypertension Clinic who were aged 35–75 years. This age range was set to conform with that in the Framingham population. Women were not included in the study because only Framingham of the four risk functions can predict coronary risk in women. The hypertensive men all had a full history, physical examination, and the standardised data collection and investigations detailed below. This study was concerned with predicting coronary risk only for primary prevention of CHD, and men with a history of angina, myocardial infarction, intermittent claudication, previous stroke, or other symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease were excluded, as were those with evidence of myocardial infarction on ECG. The patients studied all had treated hypertension, and drug treatment was not altered, so the blood pressure measurements used to calculate risk were measured while taking treatment.
Comparison of the populations from which the four risk functions are derived, and the variables used in each risk function
Age, smoking habit, and family history were recorded by structured questioning in accordance with the criteria used by each of the risk functions. Blood pressure was the mean of two measurements at one visit after subjects had been seated for five minutes. All patients had an ECG, and left ventricular hypertrophy was diagnosed by the criteria used in the Framingham study—that is, increased R wave potential, depressed S-T segment, and flattened or inverted T waves in the left precordial leads. Serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and glucose were measured fasting. Total cholesterol was measured enzymatically using Olympus kits and calibrators. HDL cholesterol was measured in the supernatant after precipitation of lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein B with dextran sulphate and magnesium chloride solution. Diabetes was defined by a fasting blood sugar > 7.8 mmol/l, or current prescription of an oral hypoglycaemic drug or insulin.
STATISTICAL METHODS.
For each patient the estimated risk of CHD events was calculated by each risk function, using all the variables required for that function (table 1), and expressed as per cent per year. The definitions of CHD events are those used in the risk functions, and these differ between Framingham and the other risk functions. The Framingham risk function predicts fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction plus incident angina and coronary insufficiency. The other three risk functions predict CHD death and non-fatal myocardial infarction only. The estimates of CHD event risk for the four risk functions were compared in three ways. The mean coronary risk of the 206 men was compared for each pair of risk functions by Student'st test for paired observations. Estimates for each pair of risk functions were plotted on scattergrams. The correlation coefficients and the slopes and intercepts of the regression lines, with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were calculated. Agreement between pairs of risk estimates was examined by the method of Bland and Altman.26
The 206 men had a mean (SD) age of 59 (9.3) years, mean blood pressure on treatment of 154/91 (18/10) mm Hg, mean cholesterol concentration of 6.0 (1.1) mmol/l, and HDL cholesterol of 1.1 (0.3) mmol/l. Thirty seven of the 206 hypertensive men were current smokers, 66 had a history of parental death from CHD, 23 had diabetes, and four had left ventricular hypertrophy by ECG criteria.
COMPARISON OF RISK ESTIMATES
Framingham v PROCAM (fig 1)
The mean risk of CHD events calculated by the Framingham function was 2.3% per year, and by the PROCAM function 2.3% per year, with a mean difference of 0 (95% CI −0.3 to 0.3). There was a moderate correlation between CHD risk estimates by the two methods (r = 0.82, p < 0.0001, fig 1A). The deviation of the regression line from the line of identity was significant as regards the slope (1.31, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.44) and intercept (−0.76, 95% CI −1.08 to −0.43). Compared to Framingham, the PROCAM function overestimated CHD risk above 2.4% per year, and underestimated risk slightly at lower risk levels. The Bland-Altman plot (fig 1B) showed agreement between the methods on average, but with a systematic difference.
Individual risk estimates by the Framingham function v the PROCAM function. (A) Dashed line = line of identity; solid line = regression line. (B) Bland-Altman plot.
Framingham v Dundee (fig 2)
The mean CHD event risk by the Framingham function was 2.3% per year, and by the Dundee function 2.2% per year, with the difference between the risk functions approaching significance (mean difference 0.1%, 95% CI −0.1 to 0.4, p = 0.06). There was a weak but significant correlation between estimates by the two methods (r = 0.68, p < 0.0001, fig 2A). Deviation of the regression line from the line of identity was significant as regards the slope (0.80, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.92) and intercept (0.33, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.64). Compared to Framingham, the Dundee function tended to underestimate risk slightly above a CHD event risk of 2% per year, and overestimate risk at lower CHD risk levels. The Bland-Altman plot (fig 2B) showed agreement on average, no evidence of a systematic bias, but a heteroscedastic pattern with larger variability at higher CHD risk levels producing a characteristic cone shaped distribution.
Individual risk estimates by the Framingham function v the Dundee function. (A) Dashed line = line of identity; solid line = regression line. (B) Bland-Altman plot.
Framingham v BRHS (fig 3)
Estimates of CHD event risk by the BRHS function, 0.6% per year, were much lower than those by Framingham, 2.3% per year, and the difference was large and highly significant (mean difference 1.7%, 95% CI 1.5 to 1.9, p < 0.0001). The correlation between the methods was weak (r = 0.55, p < 0.0001, fig 3A). The Bland-Altman plot confirmed the large difference between the methods on average, and the systematic difference (fig3B).
Individual risk estimates by the Framingham function v the BHRS function. (A) Dashed line = line of identity; solid line = regression line. (B) Bland-Altman plot.
Dundee v PROCAM (fig 4)
The mean CHD event risks by the Dundee and PROCAM functions were 2.2% and 2.3% per year respectively, with a mean difference of 0.1% (95% CI −0.2 to 0.5, p = 0.25). The correlation between the methods was r = 0.66, p < 0.0001 (fig 4A) and the regression line did not differ significantly from the line of identity as regards the slope (0.90, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.04) or intercept (0.33, 95% CI −0.04 to 0.70). The Bland-Altman plot (fig 4B) showed agreement on average, no systematic error, but a heteroscedastic distribution.
Individual risk estimates by the Dundee function v the PROCAM function. (A) Dashed line = line of identity; solid line = regression line. (B) Bland-Altman plot.
BRHS v PROCAM and Dundee
Estimates of CHD events risk by the BRHS function (0.6% per year) were highly significantly lower than those by PROCAM (2.3% per year) or Dundee (2.2% per year, each p < 0.0001). The scattergrams and Bland-Altman plots (not shown) confirmed the large average differences and systematics errors. Despite this there were moderate correlations of BRHS estimates with those by PROCAM (r = 0.60, p < 0.0001) and Dundee (r = 0.72, p < 0.0001).
ESTIMATING CHD EVENT RISK IN INDIVIDUALS
We have suggested elsewhere that statin treatment for primary prevention of CHD might be targeted at a specified level of CHD risk, and a level of 3.0% has been suggested as appropriate in Britain.4 Accepting that there will be some error in CHD risk estimation, one would wish that those targeted for statin treatment would have a CHD event rate of at least 1.5% per year, the lower "boundary" for proven clinical efficacy derived from the WOSCOPS trial.27 We determined which of the 206 men had a CHD event risk of 3.0% per year or higher by the Framingham function and would be selectively targeted, and those who would not because their estimated CHD risk was lower. We then examined their CHD event risk calculated by the Dundee and PROCAM risk functions (fig 5). Targeting by Framingham defined groups with a mean risk by the Dundee function of 3.4% per year (targeted) and 1.7% per year (not targeted), and by the PROCAM function of 4.6% per year (targeted) and 1.5% per year (not targeted). Inspection of the distributions (fig 5) shows that men targeted by the Framingham method all had a CHD event risk of 1.5% per year or higher when calculated by the PROCAM risk function, as did all but one patient when risk was calculated by the Dundee risk function. However, a proportion of patients with risk below 3.0% per year by Framingham, and not targeted, had risks of 3.0% per year or higher by the Dundee or PROCAM functions. The specificity of the Framingham function, defined as the percentage of those with a CHD risk estimated by each European function to be 1.5% per year or lower not targeted by Framingham at a threshold of 3.0% per year, was 98%v risk by Dundee and 100%v risk by PROCAM. The sensitivity of Framingham, defined as the proportion of those with CHD event rate 3.0% or higher by Dundee and PROCAM targeted by Framingham, was 50%v the Dundee function, and 84%v PROCAM.
Distribution of risk estimates by the Dundee and PROCAM risk functions in individuals identified as having coronary risks above or below 3% per year by the Framingham risk function. Numbers are the mean risks estimated by the Dundee or PROCAM functions in each group.
There is already ample evidence that the Framingham risk function predicts relative risk of CHD with reasonable accuracy in diverse populations. Knowledge of the relative risk may be considered adequate when prioritising people for non-pharmacological measures to lower CHD risk. However, lipid lowering drug therapy is best targeted at absolute CHD risk28 because of its potential for adverse effects, the cost of treatment, and above all because we do not yet know whether the benefit from treatment exceeds any risk when the absolute CHD event risk is below 1.5% per year.27 Knowledge of the absolute CHD risk is also needed to estimate the number needed to treat (NNT), a simple measure of absolute benefit from treatment,29 to evaluate the cost effectiveness of treatment30 31; and to assess the population implications of treatment policies based on random control trial evidence.28 Ordinary doctors cannot estimate absolute CHD risk accurately by intuitive methods,32 and simple but accurate aids to risk assessment are needed for ordinary practice.28 Several of these have been developed, all of them based on the Framingham risk function.1-5 If these aids to risk assessment are to be used in practice in northern European countries, it is essential that the validity of the Framingham risk function is established for these populations.
A major unexpected finding in this study was that the BRHS risk function underestimated CHD event risk by a factor of four when compared to all the other functions. Only two UK functions (BRHS and Dundee) were examined, and it might be argued that the BRHS estimates are accurate and those by the Dundee function incorrect. However, there is strong evidence against this. The Dundee function was derived from one UK population, in the UK heart disease prevention project,33 and its external validity was confirmed by prediction of CHD death in another UK population, from the Whitehall study.34 The BRHS risk function was validated only internally.25 Other investigators have reported inexplicably low estimates of absolute CHD risk by the BRHS function.35 It has recently been shown that the Framingham risk function estimates the absolute risk of UK men accurately, on average.21 Finally, the BRHS risk estimates were considerably out of line with all three of the other risk functions examined in the present study. The reason for the fourfold underestimate of risk by the BRHS function is unknown at present. However, the error seems to be systematic as shown by the reasonable correlation of BRHS with the Dundee function (r = 0.71), a function which, like the BRHS, does not include HDL cholesterol.
There are many similarities between the BRHS and Dundee populations (for example, in age, duration of follow up, and definition of end point) (table 1). One major difference is that the BRHS function was designed to include men who already have coronary artery disease, and this may in some way prejudice its use for predicting risk for primary prevention. Other differences between the risk functions include the definitions for smoking habit and blood pressure. In addition, the rate of coronary events in the Dundee function population (1.3% per year) was higher than that in the BRHS population (population 0.7%). The reasons for the discrepant findings with the BRHS function are not clear, but it certainly cannot be used in its present form to estimate absolute CHD risk for primary prevention. It does remain valid for estimating relative risk, which was its original purpose.25
Setting aside the BRHS function for the reasons detailed above, the Framingham function estimated CHD event risk accurately on average when compared to the Dundee and PROCAM functions. One might have anticipated some overestimation of risk by Framingham on two grounds. Firstly, the Framingham function includes prediction of additional CHD end points, namely incident angina and coronary insufficiency, that are not predicted by the other two functions. Secondly, Framingham is the "oldest" risk function, with its inception in 1958, and there has been a secular trend for CHD rates to decline. To the extent that this decline is independent of any reduction in the CHD risk factors included in the risk functions, there might be overestimation of CHD risk in later years. In the event, there was no evidence that this is the case in our study. In agreement is a report that the Framingham risk function predicted average CHD risk accurately in a recently studied cohort of UK men.21
Considering in detail the relations of Framingham to the PROCAM and Dundee risk functions, the correlations were moderately high. The strongest correlation was with PROCAM. Framingham and PROCAM functions both include HDL cholesterol, which has considerable importance for predicting CHD risk. There were systematic differences between Framingham and the other two functions, as shown by significant differences for the slope and intercept, but these were small in magnitude. At higher levels of CHD event risk PROCAM tended to overestimate and Dundee to underestimate risk slightly when compared to Framingham. In both comparisons there was a heteroscedastic distribution, indicating that error was larger at higher CHD event rates.
The question arises whether these random and systematic errors are sufficiently important to invalidate the use of the Framingham function for CHD risk prediction in the UK or German populations. The analysis shown in fig 5 suggests that they are not. When Framingham was used to target those with a specified level of absolute CHD event risk—for example 3.0% per year, it separated widely groups at high and low average risk as determined by the other two risk functions. When compared to PROCAM, the other risk function which uses HDL cholesterol, the accuracy of targeting was very acceptable. All of those targeted by Framingham had a CHD risk of 1.5% per year or higher by PROCAM, and at this level of CHD risk lipid lowering treatment is readily justifiable.27 Targeting was conservative as judged by PROCAM estimates of risk, with a minority of those who had a CHD event risk of 3.0% per year or higher left untargeted. However, there is no "gold standard" in this form of validation. One can conclude only that there was satisfactory agreement between the two methods, and one cannot determine which of the risk functions was "correct".
Prediction of absolute CHD risk will inevitably have some error. However, targeting using this form of risk function is significantly more accurate than simply counting risk factors,8 10which in turn is much more accurate than targeting a predetermined cholesterol or lipid fraction threshold.8 This study suggests that the Framingham function is acceptably accurate for predicting absolute CHD risk in British hypertensive men and this can probably be extended to all British and German men, but not to populations with different rates of CHD.17-19 Simplified methods to aid risk estimation based on the Framingham function1-5 should also be acceptably accurate for northern European populations.
Pyörälä K,
De Backer G,
Graham I,
(1994) Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practise. Recommendations of the task force of the European Atherosclerosis Society and European Society of Hypertension. Eur Heart J 15:1300–1331, on behalf of the Task Force.
Dyslipidaemia Advisory Group on behalf of the scientific committee of the National Heart Foundation of New Zealand
(1996) 1996 National Heart Foundation clinical guidelines for the assessment and management of dyslipidaemia. NZ Med J 109:224–232.
Haq IU,
Jackson PR,
Yeo WW,
(1995) Sheffield risk and treatment table for cholesterol lowering for primary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet 346:1467–1471.
Ramsay LE,
(1996) Targeting lipid-lowering drug therapy for primary prevention of coronary disease: an updated Sheffield table. Lancet 348:387–388.
(1996) The Sheffield table for primary prevention of coronary heart disease: corrected. Lancet 348:1251–1252.
Jackson R,
Barham P,
Bills J,
(1993) Management of raised blood pressure in New Zealand: a discussion document. BMJ 307:107–110.
(1995) Guidelines for the management of mildly raised blood pressure in New Zealand. (Core Services Committee, Ministry of Health; Wellington).
Grover SA,
Coupal L,
Hu X-P
(1995) Identifying adults at increased risk of coronary disease. How well do the current cholesterol guidelines work? JAMA 274:801–806.
Ramsay LE, Haq IU, Yeo WW, et al. Interpretation of prospective trial in hypertension: do treatment guidelines accurately reflect current evidence? J Hypertens 1996;14(suppl 5):S187-94..
Anderson KM,
Odell PM,
Wilson PWF,
(1991) Cardiovascular disease risk profiles. Am Heart J 121:293–298.
Keys A,
Aravanis C,
Blackburn H,
(1972) Probability of middle-aged men developing coronary heart disease in five years. Circulation 45:815–828.
Leaverton PE,
Sorlie PD,
Kleinman JC,
(1987) Representativeness of the Framingham risk model for coronary heart disease mortality: a comparison with a national cohort study. J Chron Dis 40:775–784.
Robson J
(1997) Information needed to decide about cardiovascular treatment in primary care. BMJ 314:277–280.
Chambless LE,
Dobson AJ,
Patterson CC,
(1990) On the use of a logistic risk score in predicting risk of coronary heart disease. Statistics in Medicine 9:385–396.
Brand RJ,
Rosenman RH,
Sholtz RI,
(1976) Multivariate prediction of coronary heart disease in the Western collaborative group study compared to the findings of the Framingham study. Circulation 53:348–355.
The Pooling Project Research Group
(1978) Relationship of blood pressure, serum cholesterol, smoking habit, relative weight and ECG abnormalities to incidence of major coronary events: final report of the pooling project. J Chron Dis 31:201–306.
Laurier D,
Phong Chau N,
Cazelles B,
(1994) Estimation of CHD risk in a French working population using a modified Framingham model. J Clin Epidemiol 47:1353–1364. and the PCV-METRA Group.
Gordon T,
Garcia-Palmieri MR,
Kagan A,
(1974) Differences in coronary heart disease in Framingham, Honolulu and Puerto Rico. J Chron Dis 27:329–344.
Menotti A,
(1984) The Seven Countries study: 2289 deaths in 15 years. Preventive Medicine 13:141–154.
Schulte H,
Assmann G
(1991) CHD risk equations, obtained from the Framinghan heart study, applied to the PROCAM study. Cardiovascular Risk Factors 1:126–133.
West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group
(1997) Baseline risk factors and their association with outcome in the West of Scotland coronary prevention study. Am J Cardiol 79:756–762.
SBU—The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. Moderately elevated blood pressure. J Intern Med 1995;238(suppl):737..
Assman G
(1993) Lipid metabolism disorders and coronary heart disease. (MMV-Medizin-Verl, München).
(1991) The Dundee coronary risk-disk for management of change in risk factors. BMJ 303:744–747.
Shaper AG,
Pocock SJ,
Phillips AN,
(1986) Identifying men at high risk of heart attacks: strategy for use in general practice. BMJ 293:474–480.
Bland JM,
Altman DG
(1986) Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet i:307–310.
Shepherd J,
Cobbe SM,
Ford I,
(1995) Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolaemia. N Engl J Med 333:1301–1307.
Pickin DM,
(1996) Lipid-lowering for prevention of coronary heart disease: what policy now? Clin Sci 91:399–413.
Cook RJ,
Sackett DL
(1995) The number needed to treat: a clinically useful measure of treatment effect. BMJ 310:452–454.
Johannsen M
(1995) Cost-effectiveness of hypertension treatment in Sweden. PharmacoEconomics 7:242–250.
Pickin DM, Payne JN, Haq IU, et al. HMG CoA reductase inhibitor treatment in the prevention of coronary heart disease. Trent Institute for Health Services Research. Working Group on Acute Purchasing. Guidance notes for purchasers 96/04..
Lowensteyn I,
Esrey KL,
(1995) Do doctors accurately assess coronary risk in their patients? Preliminary results of the coronary health assessment study. BMJ 310:975–978.
Rose G,
Tunstall-Pedhoe H,
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(1983) UK heart disease prevention project: incidence and mortality results. Lancet i:1062–1065.
Jarrett RJ,
Shipley MJ,
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(1982) Weight and mortality in the Whitehall study. BMJ 285:535–537.
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(1996) Using a coronary risk score for screening and intervention in general practice. Journal of Cardiovascular Risk 3:301–306.
British Cardiac Society
Education in heart
Best Paper Award 2018
BCS Conference 2019
Online: ISSN 1468-201XPrint: ISSN 1355-6037
Copyright © 2020 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Cardiovascular Society. All rights reserved.


The long-running saga of the 'TV & Video Clinic' is almost at an end - a 'Notice To Dispose' has been posted in the window of the shop, so if you have a claim on any of the TVs lying unloved on the shelves (or fancy blagging your way to that ten-year-old Toshiba telly) then you have until 28th May to make your application in writing to 85 Central Road and lay claim to what is rightfully yours.
I'm toying with the idea of writing in and asking if I can have that brick that's in the window. Well, there's nothing else worth having.


Tested Beckman Fixed Angle Rotor 70.1/TI 70.1 12-Place Max 70,000 RPM Warranty . New Life Scientific, Inc.
maxed speed of 70,000 rpm inside of this centrifuge. Speed disc on the bottom was replaced and this beauty is ready to go.
items you may be need.
Use only in F, G, H and L3 centrifuges only.
arise, even after your warranty expires.


Home Posts Tagged "new video"
Trendsetter is ecstatic to be working with Orange is the New Black star Taryn Manning on the premiere of her latest music video for "GLTCHLFE" with Billboard. The music video for "GLTCHLFE" is Taryn's first release from her own label, GLTCHLFE Records and her production company Rainbows and Unicorns. Check out the exclusive Billboard premiere here….
Cam Anthony Premiere On Global Grind !


By far these are the highest quality blank notebooks anywhere! Ready to be used as is or perfect for decorating with your own artwork!
Covers are made with a smooth 80lb kraft cover paper.
Inside each journal are 80 pages of the highest quality 24lb journaling paper that beautifully takes most art mediums (watercolor, acrylic, ink etc.). The bindings of the journals are stitched with thick, vivid red thread.
Sold in packages of 3 journals.
These are stitched (not stapled!) journals. These 80-page blank journals are made with high quality, heavy writing paper that beautifully accept most art mediums.
These journal books are perfect for my wide traveler's notebook. They are sturdy, with great paper quality, and ready to be filled with my personal touch. I'm incredibly pleased with them, and love the red stitching that doesn't rub on the elastics of the traveler's notebook and also offers a pop of color for fun. Additionally, for a set of three books you just can't beat the price! Thank you, Planner Perfect!
I absolutely love the paper and that I can customise the covers.
I love the paper and the binding. I also like how many pages are in each book.
I have purchased Blank Journal Inserts from Planner Perfect a few times now. I recently tried another brand ( I apologize to Jenny for "cheating" on her) .... the quality of the paper was NOT up to the quality of Planner Perfects blank journals. The blank journals from Jenny are extremely well made & the paper is thick and yummy!!! I will never stray again!!!!
The notebooks are well constructed and the paper is really nice. I'm going back for more.


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PANAMA CITY — At a community forum marked by civility, people with varying opinions on guns discussed aspects of what's become one of the biggest topics in America.
The Bay County League of Women voters hosted a discussion and debate Monday at Gulf Coast State College about gun rights and regulations, and school safety. Economics writer Tho Bishop, Bay County attorney Alvin Peters and Association of Bay County Educators President Alexis Underwood weighed in on whether semi-automatic weapons should be banned, if teachers should be armed and how to stop mass shootings.
Underwood, a Mowat Middle School teacher, said she wouldn't carry a gun on campus because she couldn't live with accidentally taking a child's life. She said there are mixed feelings among teachers about whether they should be allowed to carry guns on campus and ABCE isn't ready to announce a stance on the issue.
Bishop said the Second Amendment is just as important as the First Amendment, allows people to defend against the "tyranny" of government and recent gun-control legislation isn't well thought-out. Peters said such weapons as AR-15s with large capacity magazines should be banned and the gun show loophole, where gun buyers don't have to go through a background check if buying through a private dealer, was harmful.
Bishop also said gun-free zones should have additional security since they otherwise prohibit customers or students from carrying firearms and America is a large country with disproportionate rates of gun violence in cities like Chicago or New Orleans, whereas other areas in the country have low gun violence rates.
Peters, meanwhile, said America probably "leads the world" in gun violence, including suicides and domestic violence. Peters also said mass shootings shouldn't be a cost of doing business, there should be government agents flagging when people buy a large number of semi-automatic weapons and the defense against tyranny argument would not be a successful outcome since it boils down to shooting people you disagree with.


an obscure organ of the human body. I mean, what does the spleen do? Do you know? I have no idea.
a town or region. Be as obscure as you like, go randomly into an atlas or Google Earth.
Quickly research and write a 500-word summary piece about it. Cite your references. There is no reason to spend more than half an hour or so on this task.
Obligatory words of reassurance at this point: You are NOT being assessed on this in any way and frankly it does not matter what the quality of your final 'paper' is like. That is, nothing you do with it will affect your certification for following this course unit. This is merely a vehicle for you to engage with the real intention of this activity, which is to self-assess your performance on this task with reference to the standard IL guidelines.
whether there were contradictions in any of the information you found from different sources, and if so, how you resolved them.
Please save your notes, as we will be returning to this task in topic 5 and analysing it in a slightly different way.


text:
Q: How to refer to current user folder in c++? I'm trying to make a code that needs to access chrome history on Windows10 or 11. It is stored at C:/Users/%USERNAME%/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/History . But I can not find how to do that it uses the current user instead of %USERNAME%.
What I have now:
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    ifstream his;
    his.open("C:/Users/%USERNAME%/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/Default/History")
}

Of course it isn't the full code, I won't type thousands of lines here.