text:
layout: default
title: CAS - SAML2 Attribute Release
category: Attributes
---
{% include variables.html %}

# SAML2 Attribute Release

Attribute filtering and release policies are defined per
SAML service. See [this guide](../integration/Attribute-Release-Policies.html) for more info.

## Attribute Definitions

Attribute definitions that specifically apply to the release of attributes as part of SAML response can be
defined using the `SamlIdPAttributeDefinition`. Defining an attribute with this definition does not
prevent it from being released by other protocols.

```json
{
  "@class": "java.util.TreeMap",
  "eduPersonPrincipalName": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.web.idp.profile.builders.attr.SamlIdPAttributeDefinition",
    "key": "eduPersonPrincipalName",
    "name": "eduPersonPrincipalName",
    "urn": "urn:oid:1.3.6.1.4.1.5923.1.1.1.6",
    "scoped": true,
    "encrypted": false,
    "attribute": "uid",
    "friendlyName": "eduPersonPrincipalName"
  }
}
```

The following additional settings can be specified for a Saml IdP attribute definition:

| Name                    | Description
|-------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `friendlyName`          | (Optional) Friendly name of the attribute shared with the target application during attribute release.
| `urn`                   | (Optional) Defined Universal Resource name for an attribute (i.e. `urn:oid:1.3.6.1.4.1.5923.1.1.1.6`).

To learn more about attribute definitions, please [see this guide](../integration/Attribute-Definitions.html).

## Attribute Value Types

By default, attribute value blocks that are created in the final SAML2 response do not carry any type information in the encoded XML.
You can, if necessary, enforce a particular type for an attribute value per the requirements of the SAML2 service provider, if any.
An example of an attribute that is encoded with specific type information would be:

```xml
<saml2:Attribute FriendlyName="givenName" Name="givenName" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:uri">
    <saml2:AttributeValue xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:type="xsd:string">HelloWorld</saml2:AttributeValue>
</saml2:Attribute>
```

The following attribute value types are supported:

| Type              | Description
|-------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `XSString`        | Mark the attribute value type as `string`.
| `XSURI`           | Mark the attribute value type as `uri`.
| `XSBoolean`       | Mark the attribute value type as `boolean`.
| `XSInteger`       | Mark the attribute value type as `integer`.
| `XSDateTime`      | Mark the attribute value type as `datetime` .
| `XSBase64Binary`  | Mark the attribute value type as `base64Binary`.
| `XSObject`        | Skip the attribute value type and serialize the value as a complex XML object/POJO.

...where the types for each attribute would be defined as such:

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId" : "the-entity-id-of-the-sp",
  "name": "SAML Service",
  "metadataLocation" : "../../sp-metadata.xml",
  "id": 1,
  "attributeValueTypes": {
    "@class": "java.util.HashMap",
    "<attribute-name>": "<attribute-value-type>"
  }
}
```

## Attribute Name Formats

Attribute name formats can be specified per relying party in the service registry.

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId" : "the-entity-id-of-the-sp",
  "name": "SAML Service",
  "metadataLocation" : "../../sp-metadata.xml",
  "id": 100001,
  "attributeNameFormats": {
    "@class": "java.util.HashMap",
    "attributeName": "basic|uri|unspecified|custom-format-etc"
  }
}
```

Name formats for an individual attribute can be mapped to a
number of pre-defined formats, or a custom format of your own choosing.
A given attribute that is to be encoded in the final SAML response
may contain any of the following name formats:

| Type                 | Description
|----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `basic`              | Map the attribute to `urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:basic`.
| `uri`                | Map the attribute to `urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:uri`.
| `unspecified`        | Map the attribute to `urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:basic`.
| `urn:my:own:format`  | Map the attribute to `urn:my:own:format`.

You may also have the option to define attributes and their relevant name format globally
via CAS properties.

{% include_cached casproperties.html properties="cas.authn.saml-idp.core" %}

## Attribute Friendly Names

Attribute friendly names can be specified per relying party in the service registry, as well as globally via CAS settings.
If there is no friendly name defined for the attribute, the
attribute name will be used instead in its place. Note that the name of the
attribute is one that is designed to be released to the service provider,
specially if the original attribute is *mapped* to a different name.

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId" : "the-entity-id-of-the-sp",
  "name": "SAML Service",
  "metadataLocation" : "../../sp-metadata.xml",
  "id": 100001,
  "attributeFriendlyNames": {
    "@class": "java.util.HashMap",
    "urn:oid:2.5.4.42": "friendly-name-to-use"
  }
}
```

## InCommon Research and Scholarship

A specific attribute release policy is available to release
the [attribute bundles](https://spaces.internet2.edu/display/InCFederation/Research+and+Scholarship+Attribute+Bundle)
needed for InCommon Research and Scholarship service providers using the entity
attribute value `http://id.incommon.org/category/research-and-scholarship`:

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/incommon/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.services.ChainingAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "policies": [ "java.util.ArrayList",
      [
         {
           "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.InCommonRSAttributeReleasePolicy",
           "useUniformResourceName": false
         }
      ]
    ]
  }
}
```

Attributes authorized for release are set to be `eduPersonPrincipalName`, `eduPersonTargetedID`, `email`, `displayName`,
`givenName`, `surname`, `eduPersonScopedAffiliation`.

## REFEDS Research and Scholarship

A specific attribute release policy is available to release the [attribute bundles](https://refeds.org/category/research-and-scholarship)
needed for REFEDS Research and Scholarship service providers using
the entity attribute value `http://refeds.org/category/research-and-scholarship`:

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/incommon/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.services.ChainingAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "policies": [ "java.util.ArrayList",
      [
         {"@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.RefedsRSAttributeReleasePolicy"}
      ]
    ]
  }
}
```

This policy is an extension of `InCommonRSAttributeReleasePolicy` that operates based on different entity attribute value.

## Releasing `eduPersonTargetedID`

If you do not have pre-calculated values for the `eduPersonTargetedID` attribute to fetch before release,
you can let CAS calculate the `eduPersonTargetedID` attribute dynamically at release time using the following policy:

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.EduPersonTargetedIdAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "salt": "OqmG80fEKBQt",
    "attribute": ""
  }
}
```

The generated id may be based off of an existing principal attribute. If left unspecified or attribute not found,
the authenticated principal id is used.

## Groovy Script

This policy allows a Groovy script to calculate the collection of released attributes.

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/incommon/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.GroovySamlRegisteredServiceAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "groovyScript": "file:/etc/cas/config/script.groovy"
  }
}
```

The configuration of this component qualifies to use
the [Spring Expression Language](../configuration/Configuration-Spring-Expressions.html) syntax.

The outline of the script may be designed as:

```groovy
import java.util.*
import org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.*
import org.apereo.cas.support.saml.*

Map<String, Object> run(final Object... args) {
    def attributes = args[0]
    def service = args[1]
    def resolver = args[2]
    def facade = args[3]
    def entityDescriptor = args[4]
    def applicationContext = args[5]
    def logger = args[6]
    ...
    return null;
}
```

The following parameters are passed to the script:

| Parameter        | Description
|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| `attributes`     | Map of current attributes resolved and available for release.
| `service`        | The SAML service definition matched in the service registry.
| `resolver`       | The metadata resolver instance of this service provider.
| `facade`         | A wrapper on top of the metadata resolver that allows access to utility functions.
| `entityDescriptor`    | The `EntityDescriptor` object matched and linked to this service provider's metadata.
| `applicationContext`  | CAS application context allowing direct access to beans, etc.
| `logger`         | The object responsible for issuing log messages such as `logger.info(...)`.

An example script follows:

```groovy
import java.util.*
import org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.*
import org.apereo.cas.support.saml.*

def Map<String, Object> run(final Object... args) {
    def attributes = args[0]
    def service = args[1]
    def resolver = args[2]
    def facade = args[3]
    def entityDescriptor = args[4]
    def applicationContext = args[5]
    def logger = args[6]

    if (entityDescriptor.entityId == "TestingSAMLApplication") {
      return [username:["something"], another:"attribute"]
    }
    return [:]
}
```

## Pattern Matching Entity Ids

In the event that an aggregate is defined containing multiple entity ids, the below attribute release
policy may be used to release a collection of allowed attributes to entity ids grouped together by a regular expression pattern:

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/incommon/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.PatternMatchingEntityIdAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "allowedAttributes" : [ "java.util.ArrayList", [ "cn", "mail", "sn" ] ],
    "fullMatch" : "true",
    "reverseMatch" : "false",
    "entityIds" : "entityId1|entityId2|somewhere.+"
  }
}
```

## Entity Attributes Filter

This attribute release policy authorizes the release of defined attributes, provided the accompanying
metadata for the service provider contains attributes that match certain values.

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.MetadataEntityAttributesAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "allowedAttributes" : [ "java.util.ArrayList", [ "cn", "mail", "sn" ] ],
    "entityAttributeValues" : [ "java.util.LinkedHashSet", [ "entity-attribute-value" ] ],
    "entityAttribute" : "http://somewhere.org/category-x",
    "entityAttributeFormat" : "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:unspecified"
  }
}
```

The specification of `entityAttributeFormat` is optional.

## Metadata Requested Attributes

This attribute release policy authorizes the release of defined attributes, based on the accompanying
metadata for the service provider having requested attributes as part of its `AttributeConsumingService` element.

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.MetadataRequestedAttributesAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "useFriendlyName" : false
  }
}
```

The `useFriendlyName` allows the filter to compare the requested attribute's friendly name with the resolved attribute.

## Metadata Registration Authority

This attribute release policy authorizes the release of a subset of attributes if the registration authority
specified as a metadata extension produces a successful match.

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.MetadataRegistrationAuthorityAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "registrationAuthority" : "urn:example:.*",
    "allowedAttributes" : [ "java.util.ArrayList", [ "cn", "mail", "sn" ] ]
  }
}
```

The `registrationAuthority` is a regular expression that is matched against the registration authority of the
`RegistrationInfo` element to authorize release of allowed attributes.

## Authentication Request Requested Attributes Filter

This attribute release policy authorizes the release of a subset of attributes requested as extensions of
the SAML2 authentication request. The intersection of requested attributes and those allowed by
the attribute release policy explicitly is evaluated for the final attribute release phase:

```json
{
  "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.SamlRegisteredService",
  "serviceId": "entity-ids-allowed-via-regex",
  "name": "SAML",
  "id": 10,
  "metadataLocation": "path/to/metadata.xml",
  "attributeReleasePolicy": {
    "@class": "org.apereo.cas.support.saml.services.AuthnRequestRequestedAttributesAttributeReleasePolicy",
    "useFriendlyName" : false
  }
}
```

The `useFriendlyName` allows the filter to compare the requested attribute's friendly name with the resolved attribute.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Open link always in same tab. (chrome) Using the HTML target attribute this can be easy done on Firefox which you can see here: https://jsfiddle.net/4v2yzmLx/7/. What about Chrome, I cannot figure it out.

A: In HTML, the target attribute can handle the following values (This works on any browser):
_blank: Open the link in a new tab.
_top: Open the link in the same tab.
For more you can visit this site:
https://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_a_target.asp
So in your case you must use the _self value to open it in the same tab:
 Click me

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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            // Stop the polling loop. Since this event is only evern bound to
            // the `window` object, multiple-element tracking is unnecessary.
            stop();
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            // instead of the bound event handler.
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There have been 7 recalls on Bay Star vehicles in recent years. The latest, dated 2016-01-13 and published by the NHTSA on 2016-01-26, was due to a problem with the recreational vehicle.	Approximately 3712 vehicles were involved. Since 2003, Bay Star's have experienced approximately 10 recall(s) due to hazards with various components, including the automatic transmission, parking brake, equipment. See a list of recalls for your model year below.
Recall Summary: NEWMAR IS RECALLING 109 MY 2008-2009 BAY STAR, CANYON STAR KOUNTRY AIRE, TORREY PINE, VENTANA DIESEL PUSHER, ALL STAR DIESEL PUSHER, KOUNTRY STAR DIESEL PUSHER, AND DUTCH STAR DIESEL PUSHER CLASS A MOTOR HOMES AND FIFTH WHEEL TRAVEL TRAILERS EQUIPPED WITH ATWOOD SEALED BURNER RANGES. THE RANGE AND SLIDE-IN BURNER TUBES LEADING FROM THE GAS MANIFOLD TO THE BURNER HEADS HAD A DEPRESSION OR "KINK" IN THE EXTERIOR BEND RESTRICTING PROPER AIRFLOW AND GAS MIXTURE.
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Back in 1999, a group from my church went on a misson trip to Brazil. Most of the participants were engineers, houswives, NASA or other government employees, students, etc. I was the only medically related professional to go on this particular trip. Therefore, the objective was not dental or medical treatment. There are such trips organized specifically to serve and treat the poor in various countries while spreading the Gospel. Our particular trip had two main parts. We went to the Methodist camp for children located outside, far outside, Rio DeJaniero, Brazil. Later on, we went into the heart of the favelas (slums) in Rio to a church sponsored school.
Way out in the countryside we arrived at the camp. It was September, so it was basically Spring down there. The weather was great. We worked on construction of a new residence building for the kids who came to the camp from Rio. It was one of the few and perhaps only times they would travel outside the city. The building methods were these lightweight clay bricks connected with morter and a wire framework. Much of our time was spent mixing cement, bending wires, lots of digging in the mud, etc. I escaped some of that toil by setting up a mini-dental clinic in one of the other buildings. The kids from the city arrived at the camp about the time we left for Rio. However, children, and some adults, would arrive by foot from the surrounding villages to receive dental treatment. This was done with the help of Evangemed. I spent two days basically removing badly decayed teeth. The mobile van usually used for dental mission trips was temporarily out of commission, so I couldn't do fillings or travel out to the villages. The only thing we could do was extractions. Those of you who have gone on dental mission trips know that most of what you do is extractions anyway. A local physician and dentist from Evangemed were there to do most of the medical stuff. The dentist helped me with some of the dental treatment as well. One evening we went to a local Methodist church service. They do a lot of singing down there and we had to make our contrubution too. We were not prepared for that. I think they may think twice before asking those Americans to sing again! By the way I discovered Guarana down there. It's a ginger-ale like drink made from a bean they have there in the Amazon; really good!
After our camp experience, we went into the city to spend a couple of nights there. One night there was gunfire nearby. There were also some local pigs, yes pigs, that just roam around--kind of neat. One year a group of Americans had some things stolen from their dorms while they were gone. Word got around the favela and the items were returned right away. The locals knew we were there to help them and they rounded up the kids/teens that took the stuff and made them give it back. As a touristy thing, we went to a cute coastal town and took a boat to a nearby beach and had a great meal at a restaurant on Copacabana beach that evening. Also, we went way up a mountain to the Christ Statue-Amazing!
My first thought when I got back was how much "stuff" we have in the U.S. especially our huge houses. It's been a few years since I sent there, but I still miss the people, the strong coffee, the stunning scenery, but I have to say it's good to be home!
That's cool Dr Brandon we just got back from Honduras July 8 If you want to go with us next year just let us know we are planning on going we usually take a docter if we can get one and a dentist if we can get one and this is just if the Lord is willing for us to go back next year.


text:
Intel and AMD chips are vulnerable to scary new attack — Spectre has returned [Updated]
By Phillip Tracy published 4 May 21
Previous mitigations against Spectre aren't effective
(Image credit: Intel)
Updated on May 4: Intel provided Laptop Mag a statement claiming the latest risks have already been mitigated, and that devs who have already followed Intel's instructions don't need to take any further measures.
Ashish Venkat, William Wulf Career Enhancement Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia School of Engineering, responded to Intel's comment by encouraging the company to implement hardware-based protections and outlined shortcomings of relying on devs to make software patches.
The Spectre exploit is once again haunting chipmakers as security researchers have discovered multiple new variants affecting both Intel and AMD processors. Unfortunately, none of the patches released for previous Spectre versions mitigate against these newcomers.
To get you caught up, Spectre (alongside Meltdown) was a devastating flaw discovered in 2018 that affected chips produced by Intel and AMD. In the wrong hands, someone could steal your password and personal information from apps running on devices with Intel and AMD chips.
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The exploits forced companies to quickly release patches and made Intel redesign its chips after it was discovered that the flaw, which affected everything from PCs to servers to smartphones, had been hiding in chip designs for more than 20 years.
Now Spectre has returned. Researchers from the University of Virginia and the University of California San Diego determined that the new variants leak data via micro-op caches, which are used to speed up processing by storing simple commands so CPUs can grab them quickly.
Every AMD (since 2017) and Intel (since 2011) chip uses micro-op caches so they are all theoretically vulnerable to this attack. The security researchers who discovered these variants listed three possible ways a CPU could be infiltrated.
A same thread cross-domain attack that leaks secrets across the user- kernel boundary;
A cross-SMT thread attack that transmits secrets across two SMT threads running on the same physical core, but different logical cores, via the micro-op cache;
Transient execution attacks that have the ability to leak an unauthorized secret accessed along a misspeculated path, even before the transient instruction is dispatched to execution.
Spectre exploit: Are you at risk?
If there is a silver lining, it's that these theoretical attacks are difficult to execute. So difficult that Intel and AMD may forgo patching the vulnerabilities altogether. As Tom's Hardware notes, the malware would need to bypass all of the other software and hardware defenses found on your device before it could execute a tricky, unconventional attack.
The bottom line? The risk of you falling victim to this exploit is very low. That said, low risk is not no risk and both Intel and AMD have been notified of these holes in their armor.
For Intel's part, the chipmaker provided Laptop Mag a statement claiming the vulnerabilities outlined in the research paper have already been mitigated.
"Intel reviewed the report and informed researchers that existing mitigations were not being bypassed and that this scenario is addressed in our secure coding guidance. Software following our guidance already have protections against incidental channels including the uop cache incidental channel. No new mitigations or guidance are needed."
However, Ashish Venkat, William Wulf Career Enhancement Assistant Professor of Computer Science at the University of Virginia School of Engineering, responded by encouraging Intel to secure its hardware rather than relying on devs to follow software instructions that can be time-consuming and resource-dependant.
"We're aware of these guidelines from Intel suggesting software developers to write code in a way that is not vulnerable to side-channel attacks. Here's an excerpt from the Intel article –'Developers who wish to protect secret data against timing side channel methods should ensure that their code runtime, data access patterns, and code access patterns are identical independent of secret values.'
Certainly, we agree that software needs to be more secure, and we agree as a community that constant-time programming is an effective means to writing code that is invulnerable to side-channel attacks. However, the vulnerability we uncover is in hardware, and it is important to also design processors that are secure and resilient against these attacks.
In addition, constant-time programming is not only hard in terms of the actual programmer effort, but also entails high performance overhead and significant deployment challenges related to patching all sensitive software. The percentage of code that is written using Constant Time principles is in fact quite small. Relying on this would be dangerous. That is why we still need to secure the hardware."
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Phillip Tracy is the assistant managing editor at Laptop Mag where he reviews laptops, phones and other gadgets while covering the latest industry news. After graduating with a journalism degree from the University of Texas at Austin, Phillip became a tech reporter at the Daily Dot. There, he wrote reviews for a range of gadgets and covered everything from social media trends to cybersecurity. Prior to that, he wrote for RCR Wireless News covering 5G and IoT. When he's not tinkering with devices, you can find Phillip playing video games, reading, traveling or watching soccer.
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Laptop Mag is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Highmark Inc. is finally seeing signs of stability when it comes to health plans sold on the individual marketplace created by the Affordable Care Act, the Pittsburgh-based insurer said Friday.
Behind the improvement are lessons Highmark has learned on how to best manage its ACA members after several years of trial and error.
The insurer raised premiums, narrowed its network to offer fewer marketplace plans and improved patient management, according to Highmark Health Plan president Deb Rice-Johnson.
As a result, Highmark reported a $22 million profit for 2016 in its government business unit, which includes the ACA marketplace. The unit also covers Medicare, Medicaid and small group health plans.
The $22 million profit is a notable improvement compared to the unit's $614 million loss in 2015.
Highmark and other insurers have struggled to manage the population buying individual health insurance on the marketplace. Those members tend to be sicker and, therefore, more expensive to insure.
Due to their older age and increased likelihood of health issues such as cancer, ACA health plan members tend to be about 30 percent more costly than commercial insurance members.
Some insurers have pulled out of the marketplace completely, while others, including Highmark, have nearly doubled premium rates for 2017.
Highmark also continues to pursue money it says it is owed by the federal government.
In a lawsuit, Highmark says the federal government promised to give insurers back-up funding to cover their ACA costs but never paid up, according to a filing by Highmark in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims.
That case is ongoing, Highmark said. The insurer also is monitoring similar cases filed by other insurance companies across the nation.
As Highmark posted a profit in its government business unit, the Trump administration is working to unravel the ACA and replace it with a new plan that takes a dramatically different approach to Medicare, Medicaid and individual health plans.
Republicans released a plan this month called the American Health Care Act, which, if passed, would reduce federal payments to states for government health plans, like Medicaid, and remove the individual mandate to buy insurance.
So far the plan has been met resistance from all sides of the political spectrum, and it is already being altered since it was first released to improve coverage for seniors.
Despite uncertainties in health care reform, Highmark remained positive on Friday, with an overall net profit of $59 million for Highmark Health in 2016, following an $85 million loss the prior year. Highmark's total net assets are $5.2 billion, and it has $6.5 billion in cash and investments.
Its operating revenue for 2016 was $18.2 million, up 3 percent from 2015.


Novelist, poet, dramatist and sometime publisher of Slow Dancer Press, John Harvey has been a professional writer for some forty years.
The first of his Charlie Resnick series, Lonely Hearts, was named by The Times as one of the 100 most notable crime novels of the last century, and in 2007 he was the recipient of the CWA Cartier Diamond Dagger for Sustained Excellence in Crime Writing. His dramatisation of the twelfth and final Resnick novel, Darkness, Darkness, was staged at Nottingham Playhouse in 2016. He has been awarded Honorary Doctorates by the Universities of Nottingham and Hertfordshire.
I started out on Hare Joins the Home Guard by Alison Uttley and progressed from there to the Buffalo Bill Wild West Annual and so on to Hemingway, D H Lawrence, Virginia Woolf and Henry James' Portrait of a Lady, Raymond Chandler and Elmore Leonard, and the poetry of, especially, Lee Harwood, Frank O'Hara and Robert Hass.


text:
Feb.26
• DNC Elects Tom Perez Chairman
• Trump Administration Extremely Understaffed
• The Retail Backlash Has Generated Its Own Backlash
• Don't Like It? Bury It
• Trump Won't Attend the White House Correspondents Dinner
• Kuwaiti Government to Spend Up to $60,000 for a Party at a Trump Hotel
• Arizona Senate Wants to Crack Down on Protests
DNC Elects Tom Perez Chairman
Yesterday, at its meeting in Atlanta, the Democratic National Committee elected former Labor Secretary Tom Perez as its chairman. On the first ballot, Perez had 213.5 votes of the 214.5 votes needed (Democrats Abroad members each get half a vote), but close counts only in horseshoes, dancing, and hand grenades. By the second ballot, many of the minor candidates had dropped out and Perez beat Rep. Keith Ellison (DFL-MN) 235 to 200.
Immediately after winning, Perez named Ellison as his deputy, in an attempt to create party unity. Such unity may be needed, because Ellison was supported by Senators Bernie Sanders (I-VT) and Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) and many of their supporters saw the race as Sanders vs. Clinton, Part II. That is not really a fair take, though. The platforms of Perez and Ellison are nearly identical and Perez is just as progressive as Ellison, despite having been a member of Barack Obama's administration. It's not even an age issue, as Ellison is 53 and Perez is 55. While the "progressive vs. moderate" story gives the media something to talk about, it is somewhat irrelevant. The DNC chair has virtually no influence on the party's presidential platform—the candidate writes it. The chairman's main duties consist of:
Schmoozing with a lot of wealthy Democrats and getting them to cut checks to the DNC
Determining how to spend the money raised
Both of these are somewhat contentious, but not like the battle for a $15/hr minimum wage or other issues that separated Sanders and Clinton in the primaries. One issue that relates to the first point, and that will come up very soon, is whether the party should solicit or even accept corporate contributions. An issue related to the second one is how the party treats local parties in red states. When Howard Dean was DNC chairman from 2005-2009, he pushed for a 50-state strategy. In particular, he used DNC money to provide every state party with one paid staff member. This was very controversial. Dean argued that if Democrats simply vanished from, say, Texas, the party would not only forfeit it in the presidential elections forever, but also do poorly in state races. Other Democrats argued that putting money into, say, Oklahoma, was like putting it into a paper shredder.
Ultimately, many of the DNC members, all of whom are from "state" parties, voted based on who they thought would be best at raising money and providing some to the state parties. Ideology was not really the key issue for them. Nevertheless, as the new titular head of the Democratic Party, Perez is going to be on television a lot, so his vision for the party is going to be aired. To nudge him in the proper direction, Sanders issued a statement after Perez won, saying:
I congratulate Tom Perez on his election as chairman of the Democratic National Committee and look forward to working with him. At a time when Republicans control the White House, the U.S. House, U.S. Senate and two-thirds of all statehouses, it is imperative that Tom understands that the same-old same-old is not working and that we must open the doors of the party to working people and young people in a way that has never been done before. Now, more than ever, the Democratic Party must make it clear that it is prepared to stand up to the 1 percent and lead this country forward in the fight for social, racial, economic and environmental justice.
What no Democrat dares to talk about in public (and maybe not even in private) is the explosive question of whether under the current national circumstances the party should be led by a Latino or a Muslim. Trump doesn't particularly care for either group, but attacks on a Muslim Democrat probably aren't going to alienate many Muslim Republicans because there aren't a lot of them to start with. Attacking a Latino, by contrast, could cost him some support from conservative Latinos. (V)
Trump Administration Extremely Understaffed
As we have noted several times, Team Trump is filling open positions in the executive branch at a snail's pace. In fact, nearly 2,000 jobs remain to be filled, including 313 in the Executive Office of the President, 165 in the Dept. of Education, 120 in the Dept. of Agriculture, 81 in both the Dept. of the Treasury and the Dept. of Justice, and 63 in the Dept. of Defense. Trump, of course, blames Senate Democrats for all the vacancies, declaring that they are "setting records" for delays, and, "It's just a delay, delay, delay, it's really sad." There is some truth to this, but only a little, since the great majority of the openings do not require approval, and are in agencies that already have a secretary in place.
Far more important than the Senate are these four issues:
Qualifications: It is true that some of Trump's appointments—Ben Carson for HUD, for example, or Betsy DeVos for Education—are woefully unqualified for their jobs. In the end, however, someone has to know what they're doing. Like the old navy truism that the petty officers really run the ship, it's the undersecretaries and deputies that really run their respective departments. Consequently, and somewhat paradoxically, finding qualified people becomes more and more important as the lower ranks of the executive departments are filled. And, of course, it takes more time to find people who are qualified than it takes to find people who are unqualified.
Willingness to Serve: For a lot of people people who might hypothetically serve in the Trump administration, it's a difficult commitment to make. To start with, there are a lot of potential candidates who oppose the President and what he stands for. Already, there have been some high-profile resignations, including CIA lifer Edward Price and National Security Council adviser Rumana Ahmed, with the former appalled by Trump's disdain for the intelligence establishment, and the latter unable to abide by the Islamophobia and hostility of her new colleagues. Beyond such "conscientious objectors," there is also a significant political risk that comes with hitching one's wagon to the Trump Express. If he's successful, then that is great for the careers of his underlings. But if he goes down in flames, his staff could find themselves as toxic as Nixon staffers like H. R. Haldeman and G. Gordon Liddy were after Watergate.
Loyalty: Also complicating things is Trump's insistence, in most cases, that potential appointees have no disloyalty to the administration in their background. Already, Ben Carson and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson have had their right-hand men vetoed because of past anti-Trump editorials. An unwillingness to recognize that politics is an adversarial process, and to let bygones be bygones, is rather unusual at this level. Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama all hired many former opponents, up to and including their vice presidents (in Reagan's and Clinton's cases) and their secretary of state (in Obama's case).
Inexperience: Finding people and—crucially—vetting them properly to make sure they have no skeletons in their closet is not an easy thing to do. Barack Obama, both George Bushes, Bill Clinton, etc. built rock-solid transition teams full of Washington veterans who knew how to hire people. Trump's transition team, by contrast, has been in a constant state of flux, and is largely populated by outsiders, few of whom have experience with this particular task.
Eventually, Trump will hire all the people he needs to hire, though it's anyone's guess how long that will take. Meanwhile, the issues listed above are likely to have two significant long-term implications: (1) It's unlikely that Trump will be getting large numbers of "the best people" that he promised, and (2) Less-than-stellar staffers are the type that make embarrassing and/or damaging mistakes. (Z)
The Retail Backlash Has Generated Its Own Backlash
Many Democrats who are upset with Donald Trump have boycotted stores that sell Ivanka or Donald Trump's merchandise. The Grab Your Wallet organization, founded by Shannon Coulter in her home, has compiled lists of retailers that sell Trump-branded merchandise, making it easy to figure out who to boycott.
But the sword is double-edged. The same list also provides supporters of the president with information about where to shop to show support for the Trumps. All this boycotting and counterboycotting is causing retailers massive headaches. If they sell Trump-branded merchandise, they alienate Democrats; if they drop Trump-branded merchandise, they alienate Republicans. It used to be that companies tried to avoid politics like the plague, but that is becoming increasingly impossible as everything is now political. (V)
Don't Like It? Bury It
The last month or so has not exactly been an object lesson in transparency. And so, it is not a surprise that news broke this weekend of two high-profile instances of the people in power trying to bury information they did not care for the public to see.
To start with, the Trump Administration last week asked the Department of Homeland Security to prepare a report justifying his choice of countries for the Muslim travel ban. DHS worked fast, and produced a three-page memo in which they concluded that there was simply no way to make a case that those seven countries are most likely to produce potential terrorists. This is not what Trump wanted to hear, so the Administration tried to bury the memo. Unfortunately for them, the White House leaks like a sieve, so the memo became public nonetheless.
Meanwhile, GOP Representatives didn't want to get left out of the fun. Democrats in the House have put together a resolution calling for Trump to disclose all possible ties with Russia and any conflicts-of-interest arising from his business interests. This would be embarrassing and divisive for the right, so House GOP leadership is going to use parliamentary maneuvers to kill the measure. It will be sent to the House Judiciary Committee, whose members will vote whether or not to present the resolution to the entire House of Representatives. The Republican majority on the committee will vote 'no,' and that will be it.
Under some circumstances, sweeping things under the rug like this might very well work. When both the media and the opposition party are sharpening their knives, however, maybe not so much. (Z)
Trump Won't Attend the White House Correspondents Dinner
Donald Trump has escalated his feud with the media another notch. He won't attend the annual White House Correspondents Association dinner. Nearly all presidents have attended it since it was first held in 1921. The last president to decline was Ronald Reagan, and he had a pretty good reason: He had just been shot.
It is not clear whether Trump's decision is intended to (1) snub the media or (2) avoid being present when the arrows start coming in his direction. It might very well be both; in the past he's been lampooned as a mere guest at the WHCA dinner, and he clearly did not like it. In the end, however, boycotting could prove to be a miscalculation. By showing up, the president demonstrates that he's a good sport, and also blunts the attacks upon him a bit, since few journalists or comedians are willing to fire with both barrels when the president is sitting ten feet away (Stephen Colbert being the exception). If Trump is absent, not only does it make him look petulant and thin-skinned, but it will also be open season, and everyone will be tuning in to see what is said (April 29, on C-SPAN). (V & Z)
Kuwaiti Government to Spend Up to $60,000 for a Party at a Trump Hotel
The Kuwaiti embassy holds an annual party in D.C. to celebrate the country's National Day, which was yesterday. It commemorates the ascension to the throne of Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salem Al-Sabah on Feb. 25, 1950. In the past, the party, which typically costs $40,000 to $60,000, was held at the Four Seasons Hotel. This year it has been moved to the Trump International Hotel, which charges about the same rates as the Four Seasons.
This is where it gets interesting. Trump has said he would turn over all profits earned from foreign governments at his properties to the treasury, but some ethics lawyers maintain that Trump would have to turn over all the revenue, not just the profit, to avoid violating the Constitution's emoluments clause. Trump's lawyers have said that a foreign government buying a service from the president's company at fair-market rates is not a gift and is thus perfectly constitutional. The Supreme Court has never ruled on an emoluments case, but may get the opportunity before too long. (V)
Arizona Senate Wants to Crack Down on Protests
GOP state senators in Arizona are embracing, without evidence, the notion that the recent spate of anti-Trump protests is being led by ringers. "You now have a situation where you have full-time, almost professional agent-provocateurs that attempt to create public disorder," says State Sen. John Kavanagh (R-Fountain Hills), for example. So, they are pushing forward with SB1142, which would expand the state's anti-racketeering laws to include political protesters. One implication of this would be that if a protest turns violent, all participants would be criminally liable. Another would be that the government could also seize their assets.
This proposal is, of course, deeply problematic on many, many levels. To start, the first amendment quite clearly allows protests of all types, even those that turn violent. In the case of violence, those who perpetrate such acts may well be prosecuted, but the rest are constitutionally protected. Those who regard themselves as originalists, and wish for some guidance on this point, might want to read up on the Boston Massacre or the Boston Tea Party. Beyond this, seizing protesters' property is positively medieval—straight out of the playbook of Henry VIII, among others (admittedly, Henry didn't live in the medieval era, but "positively Elizabethan" doesn't sound as good). There is also a logistical problem—what if the person who commits an act of violence is themselves a plant? Hiring and coordinating a hundred or a thousand protesters is very difficult, which is why the GOP conspiracy theory is very hard to swallow. On the other hand, hiring a mole or two to show up and throw a brick through a window wouldn't be too tough.
It has often been said, and has been repeated here, that states are the laboratories of democracy. If Arizona actually moves forward with this, it's easy to see other red states following suit. It's also a slam dunk that the ACLU will be filing suit, and it's inconceivable that this could pass muster with the Supreme Court. So, in the end, this will surely prove to be much ado about nothing. (Z)
Feb25 Trump Receives a Hero's Welcome at CPAC
Feb25 White House Declares War on the Media
Feb25 Trump Attacks the FBI Again
Feb25 Trump Administration Building a Bubble
Feb25 Key Trump Donors Own Part of Breitbart News
Feb25 ACA Replacement Leaked
Feb25 Obamacare as Popular as It Has Ever Been
Feb25 Obama For President
Feb24 Trump-Russia Plot Thickens, Yet Again
Feb24 White House Raises Concerns Trying to Justify Travel Ban
Feb24 Richard Spencer Ejected from CPAC
Feb24 Bannon Partly Right About the Media
Feb24 Elections Are Closer than You Think
Feb24 Taxpayers Are Confused about the ACA Mandate
Feb24 Feds May Get Back in the Business of Busting Pot Smokers
Feb23 Cabinet Secretaries Are Battling Trump Aides over Appointments
Feb23 Pay-for-Play Remains Alive and Well with Trump Administration
Feb23 Trump Overturns Protections for Transgender Students
Feb23 CPAC Opens with an Identity Crisis
Feb23 Trump Continues to Sink in Polls
Feb23 Kellyanne Conway Benched
Feb23 Perez and Ellison Agree Not to Interfere in Primaries
Feb23 Democrats' Hopes to Retake the House Lie in Suburbia
Feb23 Travel Ban Hurting the Tourist Industry
Feb22 Trump Lays Out Plans for Mass Deportations
Feb22 Trump Denounces Anti-Semitism, Sort Of
Feb22 Trump and McMaster Don't See Eye to Eye on Key Issues
Feb22 McMaster Will Require Senate Confirmation
Feb22 Trump's Streak of Falsehoods Has Lasted 33 Days
Feb22 Town Halls Becoming a Real Hornet's Nest
Feb22 Yiannopoulos Resigns from Breitbart News
Feb22 Protest Trump by Withholding Taxes?
Feb21 Trump Picks Lt. Gen. McMaster as the new National Security Adviser
Feb21 New Travel Ban is Coming
Feb21 Milo Yiannopoulos Disinvited from CPAC Conference
Feb21 More on the Election Results
Feb21 Republicans Lose Some Top-Tier Senate Candidates
Feb21 Kansas State Legislature Rolls Back Income Tax Cuts
Feb21 Britons Don't Want Trump
Feb21 Trump Golfs, Tries to Hide It
Feb20 Trump Administration Plans to Speed Deportations
Feb20 Another Day, Another Non-Existent Terrorist Attack
Feb20 Trump Searching for New National Security Advisor
Feb20 Trump about to Discover that Dealing with China Isn't So Easy
Feb20 Could Trump Jail Reporters Who Publish Leaks?
Feb20 Why Should America Trust You?
Feb20 Impeach President Bannon Signs Appear around the Country
Feb19 Trump Continues to Ignore the Grown-Ups in His Cabinet
Feb19 Priebus Is All In on Trump
Feb19 Keep an Eye on Mike Pence


International efforts to resolve the Syrian crisis reached new levels of uncertainty on Thursday when John Kerry, the US secretary of state, insisted that Bashar al-Assad could not be part of a future transitional government – casting doubt on a US-Russian agreement to convene a conference of the regime and opposition.
Kerry's comments were at odds with the view of Sergei Lavrov, his Russian counterpart, that President Assad's departure could not be a precondition for the peace talks. The unresolved question of what role the Syrian leader could play has been at the heart of faltering diplomatic moves to end the conflict since a UN meeting in Geneva last June.
Speaking in Rome, Kerry said the parties were working to "effect a transition government by mutual consent of both sides, which clearly means that in our judgement President Assad will not be a component of that transitional government".
David Cameron is to discuss Syria when he meets Vladimir Putin in Moscow on Friday, British officials said. The UK position remains that Assad "has no place" in a future Syria, while arguing for a political solution.
But Britain and France are also continuing efforts to lift or amend the EU arms embargo on Syria to allow them to supply arms to the rebels. The US, already helping coordinate weapons deliveries by Gulf states, is also considering supplying arms.
International alarm about Syria has been fuelled in recent days by the alleged use of chemical weapons, last weekend's Israeli air raids near Damascus and a sense that a crisis that has already cost a reported 70,000 lives and created huge refugee flows that are destabilising neighbouring countries, shows no sign of winding down.
In another development, the leader of Lebanon's Hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah – a key Assad ally – said on Thursday that Syria would step up its support of the militia group. "If the aim … was to prevent the strengthening of the resistance's capabilities, then Syria will give the resistance sophisticated weapons the like of which it hasn't seen before," he warned in a televised address.
Syrian opposition figures said they remained sceptical about Tuesday's US-Russian initiative, with some accusing Washington of reneging on its previous insistence that Assad must go. Kerry's carefully worded statement seemed designed to persuade them to attend the proposed conference despite their profound misgivings.
The US ambassador to Syria, Robert Ford, met the Syrian opposition coalition in Istanbul on Wednesday. Some of its leaders fear a ploy to persuade unrepresentative opposition figures to enter talks with the regime.
Washington may be deliberately employing ambiguous language about Assad's fate, perhaps considering a formula under which the Syrian president might agree to resign later. Assad has, however, shown no sign of readiness to step down.
Syria's government said, meanwhile, that it welcomed the US-Russian statement but reserved the right to fight terrorism – its phrase for all opposition to the regime. It is likely to insist on an end to arms supplies as a condition for attending any conference.
Kerry said after talks with the Jordanian foreign minister, Nasser Judeh, that he hoped Russia would not supply advanced ground-to-air missile systems to Syria – following a report in the Wall Street Journal that Israel has told the US that such a deal was imminent.
France's foreign minister Laurent Fabius said in an interview with Le Monde that the UN should follow the US in declaring the Islamist Jabhat al-Nusra a terrorist organisation to differentiate it from other Syrian rebel groups – apparently implying ones affiliated to the Free Syrian Army that France, Britain and others may be preparing to support actively if current diplomatic efforts fail. The Nusra front, which has links to al-Qaida, is emerging as the most effective force fighting the Syrian government, FSA commanders say.


text:
What drives the association?
The mission of BCSARA is to represent the recognized un-paid professional ground search and rescue community by providing advocacy, support for funding and health and safety, access to information as well as public education and prevention
Home » About » Mission and Mandate
BCSARA's Core Values:
BCSARA follows these values when conducting its business:
Ensuring safety is paramount in all we do.
Accountability and transparency in how we fulfill our responsibilities.
Leadership through innovation, mentorship and professionalism.
Building the SAR community through communications.
BCSARA's Vision:
To develop and support the safest and most efficient ground search and rescue service for the citizens and visitors in B.C.
Constitution & By-laws in PDF format
The purposes of BCSARA are to:
Solicit, receive, control, administer and distribute funds, donations and gifts.
SAR Support
Enhance and support the delivery of a volunteer community-based search and rescue service in British Columbia.
Foster a beneficial working relationship between registered volunteer search and rescue service providers and the agencies responsible for GSAR in British Columbia.
Undertake all duties and responsibilities previously held by the Provincial Search and Rescue Advisory Committee.
Own and dispose of property, both real and personal.
Provide and support public prevention, education, and awareness programs which promote safe outdoor activity.
Provide public awareness of ground and inland water search and rescue.
Liaise between all contributors, participants and stakeholders in the ground search and rescue service.
Liaise and interact with SAR organizations in other provinces, countries, and at the federal/national levels.
Participate in the recognition of official GSAR groups in British Columbia.
Provide health and safety support to registered volunteer Ground Search and Rescue Groups and volunteers.
Promote, develop, support, assist, and deliver local, regional and provincial training for all GSAR volunteers.


text:
1844 No More: Media Round-Up
Posted by Elizabeth Weill-Greenberg 5sc on December 15, 2017
NJ Spotlight reports:
The first civil rights legislation to reach Phil Murphy's desk once he becomes governor may be a bill that will give convicted felons the right to vote, whether they are on parole, probation, or in prison. As it stands now, only those who complete the terms of their probation are allowed to register to vote. That amounts to over 94,300 people in the state, according to the New Jersey Institute for Social Justice.
NJTV reports:
"We're silencing a significant segment of the population. In 2016, a little over five percent of New Jersey's Black, voting age population was denied the right to vote," said Scott Novakowski, the report's author and associate counsel for the New Jersey Institute for Social Justice.
One reason is that in New Jersey, Black adults are 12 times more likely to be incarcerated than whites.
NJ 101.5 reports:
Novakowski pointed out New Jersey leads the nation in having the highest racial disparities in Black vs. white incarceration rates among adults and youth.
"A Black adult is 12 times more likely to be incarcerated than a white adult, and a Black youth is staggeringly 30 times more likely to be detained or committed than their white peer."
He stated "a significant proportion of these disparities cannot be explained by differing rates of offending."
"By continuing to link the fundamental right to vote with involvement in the criminal justice system, New Jersey's law ensures that these disparities are reproduced within our electorate."
WBGO reports:
North Jersey resident Ronald Pierce is on parole after his criminal conviction and is not allowed to vote. He says voting can be an effective part of rehabilitation for people who are incarcerated.
"When a person engages in meaningful dialogue about civic concerns, it opens them up to seeing beyond their personal needs and shifts their focus to issues that affect the community."
Observer reports:
A recent report from the New Jersey Institute for Social Justice found that New Jersey currently prohibits 94,000 individuals from voting due to criminal history or incarceration. The report found that a disproportionate amount of those disenfranchised by the voting law are African American. In New Jersey, about 15 percent of the total population is black but about 50 percent of those currently incarcerated in the state are Black...
"I believe we have a governor who understands civil rights, I really believe that," Rice said of Murphy. "This is going to be our civil rights governor. But we have to get it to his desk."
CBS Philly reports:
New Jersey's voting ban on those incarcerated or on probation and parole dates back to 1844. A study conducted by the New Jersey Institute for Social Justice concludes decades of racial inequality in the criminal justice system have resulted in blacks 12 times more likely to be jailed than whites, and therefore denied the right to vote.
"We have to erase this moral stain on our democracy by ending New Jersey's practice of denying voting rights based on criminal convictions," Institute President Ryan Haygood told KYW Newsradio, "and restoring the right to vote to nearly 100,000 people who are either on probation, parole or in prison."
92.7 WOBM reports:
"Despite being only about 15 percent of the state's population, black people make up about half of those denied the right to vote because of a criminal conviction," said Scott Novakowski, an associate counsel with the New Jersey Institute for Social Justice and the author of the report.
"This is a direct result of importing the racial disparities of the criminal justice system into the electorate."
He noted it was back in 1844 when New Jersey broadly denied the right to vote based on a criminal conviction.
"This report provides an important historical context of the history of New Jersey's law that denies people with criminal convictions the right to vote, but it also looks at the impact of this law," he said.
SouthJersey.com reports:
"Despite being only about 15 percent of the state's population, Black people make up around half of those denied the right to vote because of a criminal conviction," Novakowski said. "This is a direct result of importing the racial disparities of the criminal justice system into the electorate."
They were joined on a conference call by others from the ACLU and other organizations, as well as state legislators who plan to introduce a bill to change the law, although they concede past efforts have not succeeded. This time, though, they point to Governor-elect Phil Murphy, who they expect to support such a plan.
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text:
Q: Happy Numbers in COBOL As the title implies, I'm doing a software that calculate and verify if the number inserted is a happy number (OR NOT).  In COBOL language (For reference about what a happy number is https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HappyNumber.html).
Right now, my code doesnt calculate correctly if the number is happy or not (In the program HEY = Happy and HOY = not happy :C)
My question is, what am i doing wrong in the code? All i need now is to properly detect if its happy or not. Any help is well welcome.
This is my current code:
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-ID. YOUR-PROGRAM-NAME.
       DATA DIVISION.
       FILE SECTION.
       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
       01 num PIC 9(36).
       01 addc PIC 9(36).
       01 rem PIC 9(36).
       01 pow PIC 9(36).
       01 toast PIC 9.
       01 k PIC 999 VALUE 0.
       01 l PIC 9(36).
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       MAIN-PROCEDURE.
           DISPLAY"Escribe numero "
           ACCEPT num
           PERFORM WITH TEST AFTER UNTIL addc = 1
               MOVE 0 TO addc
               PERFORM WITH TEST AFTER UNTIL num = 0
                   DIVIDE num BY 10 GIVING num REMAINDER rem
                   MULTIPLY rem BY rem GIVING pow
                   MOVE pow TO addc
               END-PERFORM

               IF addc = 1
                   MOVE 1 TO toast
               ELSE
                   MOVE addc TO num
                   ADD 1 TO k
                   IF k = 20
                       MOVE 1 TO addc
                       MOVE 0 TO toast
                   END-IF
               END-IF
           END-PERFORM

           IF toast = 1
               DISPLAY "HEY"
           ELSE
               DISPLAY "HOY"
           END-IF
            STOP RUN.
       END PROGRAM YOUR-PROGRAM-NAME.

Also, as an extra question, how can i handle numbers above the maximum limit of 36? without using the equivalent of strings and chars in Cobol.

A: The line:
PERFORM UNTIL num > 0

makes the PERFORM loop to not enter, as num is likely to be greater than 0. What you want to do is to execute the loop, getting all the digits from num UNTIL num is 0.
Besides,
MOVE pow TO addc

should be
ADD pow TO addc


The world's smallest and smartest USB hardware keylogger. This keystroke recorder has 2 Gigabytesmemory capacity, organized into an advanced flash FAT file system. Super fast data retrieve is achieved by switching into Flash Drive mode for download. Completely transparent for computer operation, no software or drivers required. Supports national keyboard layouts.


text:
Borrowed Bucks Roadhouse closing after 30 years in business
May 26, 2022 - 6:21am | By Kyle Cornell
Photo by: Borrowed Bucks Roadhouse - Facebook
(Fargo, ND) -- A long-standing establishment in Fargo is set to close.
Borrowed Bucks Roadhouse announced this week that it will be closing after 30 years in business. The business is holding a "last call" party Saturday to thank customers for their support.
"Hey everyone, it is with a heavy heart I announce that after 30 years Borrowed Bucks Roadhouse in Fargo will be closing its doors for good," said the bar on its Facebook page Wednesday. "Saturday June 4th will be our last night. We will be partying hard until then so make sure you come on out and see all of us one last time! We appreciate everyone and their support throughout the years thank you for all the memories!"
They will continue to operate through June 4th.
Borrowed Bucks Roadhouse
Business closing
Exclusive: Staff member at Willow Park Elementary School in Fargo robbed at gunpoint
Wed, Sep 7th, 2022 - 9:33am
Pedestrian hit by car in Fargo
Mon, Nov 28th, 2022 - 6:55am
Woman expresses thanks to good Samaritan who helped after her car caught fire in south Fargo
Thu, Dec 29th, 2022 - 3:29pm
Sandy's Donuts across area reopen Thursday morning
Thu, Jul 7th, 2022 - 6:43am


text:
Slimmer seats boost bottom line for airlines
The changes enable airlines to carry more passengers and spend less on fuel, while claiming you won't notice.
By Joshua FreedThe Associated Press
It's not your imagination. There really is a tighter squeeze on many planes these days.
The big U.S. airlines are taking out old, bulky seats in favor of so-called slimline models that take up less space from front to back, allowing for five or six more seats on each plane.
Southwest Airlines aircraft technicians install skinnier seats on a 737 at the carrier's headquarters in Dallas. Southwest says passengers will have the same amount of legroom even though the new seats allow for another row aboard each plane. The Associated Press
The changes, covering some of the most common planes flown on domestic and international routes, give the airlines two of their favorite things: More paying passengers, and a smaller fuel bill because the seats are slightly lighter. It's part of a trend among the airlines to view seats as money-makers, not just pieces of furniture. Add a few inches of legroom and airlines can charge more for tickets. Take away a few inches and they can fit more seats on the plane.
Some passengers seem to mind the tighter squeeze more than others. The new seats generally have thinner padding. And new layouts on some planes have made the aisles slightly narrower, meaning the dreaded beverage cart bump to the shoulder happens more often.
And this is all going on in coach at a time when airlines are spending heavily to add better premium seats in the front of the plane.
Whether the new seats are really closer together depends on how you measure. By the usual measure, called "pitch," the new ones are generally an inch closer together from front to back as measured at the armrest.
Airlines say you won't notice. And the new seats are designed to minimize this problem. The seats going onto Southwest's 737s have thinner seatback magazine pockets.
Passengers on Alaska Airlines will find slightly smaller tray tables. United's new seats put the magazine pocket above the tray table, getting it away from passengers' knees.
And seat-makers saved some space with lighter-weight frames and padding.
This allows airlines to claim that passengers have as much above-the-knee "personal space" as they did before, even if the seats are slightly closer together below the knee.
New seats going into United Airlines' Airbus A320s are an inch closer together from front to back. The new seats Southwest has put on nearly its entire fleet are 31 inches apart, about an inch less than before. In both cases, the airlines were able to add an extra row of six seats to each plane. Southwest went from 137 seats to 143. Both airlines say the new seats are just as comfortable.
United's says the new seats make each A320 1,200 pounds lighter. Southwest says the weight savings is cutting about $10 million per year in fuel spending. In addition, the extra seats allow Southwest to expand flying capacity 4 percent without adding any planes, says spokesman Brad Hawkins, while also collecting more revenue from the additional passengers.
At 6-foot-3, Mike Lindsey of Lake Elsinore, Calif., doesn't have another inch to give back to the airlines. He has flown on Southwest several times since it installed the new seats. "You can't stretch out because of the reduced legroom," he says. "It's very uncomfortable on anything longer than an hour."
Southwest flier Joe Strader now takes his billfold out of his pocket before he sits down on a flight because of the thinner cushions. Like Lindsey, he felt that he sat lower on the new seats. "The back of the seat in front of you is a little higher and makes you feel like you're sitting down in a hole," said Strader, who lives near Nashville. Hawkins said that the seat frames are the same height but the thinner cushions might make them seem lower.
Ryan Merrill says he didn't really notice any difference in the new seats. "I'm used to being packed in like a sardine, I just assume that's never going to change," he says.
International passengers are feeling crowded, too.
As recently as 2010, most airlines buying Boeing's big 777 opted for nine seats across. Now it's 10 across on 70 percent of newly built 777s, Boeing says. American's newest 777s are set up 10-across in coach.
The extra seat has generally meant skinnier aisles, and more bumps from the beverage cart for those at the end of the row.
That's the biggest complaint from travelers, says Mark Koschwitz of SeatExpert.com.
"We used to recommend the aisle seats because you could stretch out more," he says. He tells passengers who want to sleep "to bring a jacket and prop up against the window."
New South Portland chief sees same challenges ahead as he leaves behind


time to time and be prepared to cope with it if and when it occurs.
go about getting your drug of choice or feeling you need it.
——Exposure to the drug itself.
bars, getting home from work, weekends.
Rationale feeling stressed out). Even positive emotions (elation, excitement, feelings of accomplishment) can be triggers.
——Physical feelings (feeling sick, shaky, tense).
assigned as the practice exercise this week, can help you recognize them.
reducing contact with friends who use, and so on).
relationship. Craving is nothing to feel bad about.
have a strong urge to drink.
your body you experience the craving and what the sensations are like.
numb? Are your muscles tense or relaxed? How large an area is involved?
how to ride them out until they go away naturally.
consequences listed on a small card that you can keep with you.
read the clock to tell time.
uncomfortable, but in 15 minutes or so, I'll be feeling like myself again.").
terrible about experiencing an urge? If you hang in there, you will feel fine.
particular person—they pass, in time.
you worry about being irritable, preoccupied, or hard to get along with.
memorable lessons, invariably, are learned in the school of hard knocks.
you won't need constant replacements.
choice, the intensity of those urges, and the coping behaviors you used.
seemed to trigger the urge to use your drug of choice.
c. Intensity: Rate your craving, where 1 = none at all, 100 = worst ever.
2. Below is an example of how to fill out the record form.
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 1987.
Unpublished manuscript, Health Services Research and Development Service, VA Medical Center, Seattle, WA, 1984.
Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 1988.
then, usually, to using your drug of choice without thinking.
need not lead to a relapse.
awkwardness and inhibitions they feel around others.
may have previously achieved immediate and temporary relief.
thoughts, it need not lead to relapse.
remain abstinent and not give in to persistent thoughts.
allow the individual to rationalize and justify (and provide guilt-free) using.
prospect of giving into urges, cravings, or thoughts to use.
with images of doing something else.
habit pops into the mind.
could arise if it occurs.
longer and begins to deal more effectively with the remaining life problems.
it may be necessary to focus more directly on these negative moods.
major reason for relapse and, thus, represent high-risk situations.
serves to make the person more depressed in the long run.
There are many different ways to cope with depression and negative moods.
used to deal with depression and its symptoms.
ones; and third, act on the new thoughts.
The first step in the process is to recognize the symptoms of your depression.
some ways you can become more aware of your symptoms.
feeling. These are important clues to your thinking.
facial expression, how you are walking and moving.
avoiding them, just see that you do avoid them.
or return phone calls? Do you have trouble completing tasks around the house?
"Either I'm a loser or a winner." Not taking into account the full continuum.
ask some serious questions of yourself and your automatic thoughts.
an oversimplification. Specifics are difficult to pinpoint.
Don't be dogmatic about your thoughts—look for the facts.
to be a false rumor.
no one will like me.") You place unfair ultimatums on yourself with these words.
This isn't "just semantics," but relates directly to how you feel and act.
taken this part out of context.
thought about it for a moment, she realized she didn't really mean this.
others, but getting depressed over it won't help.
yourself how you handled situations like these in the past.14. What do I want?
thinking ("Everything's bad") getting me what I want? Is it doing me any good?
not be over?") Questions like these often can only be answered with questions.
questions is another way of demanding that the world be different than it is.
can correct them. Are you jumping to conclusions? Painting everything black?
Are you confusing your behavior with your worth?
type of thinking can stop you from getting your share of pleasure.
frozen forever in others' minds.
Just answering your thoughts won't be enough to get you over your depression.
job or a lack of vocational direction; financial difficulties and even legal problems.
them, begins to feel helpless over their outcomes, and starts to feel depressed.
clues that one does exist?
concretely as possible, including its smaller parts.
work? Do I need to try a different approach?
begin to feel better about themselves.
become more active; activity improves mood.
like doing before you feel like doing it.
problems come to mind as you begin moving.
secondary source of reinforcement for continued change.
activities that are too specific or too general.
doing is even worth doing poorly!
more active; lessening of depression will follow.
not expect to follow the schedule perfectly.
general problem-solving approach to overcome these problems.
overwhelmed is nearly always worse than the reality of the situation.
problem. Many unpleasant activities can simply be avoided.
to make it more manageable or less aversive.
c. Plan. Good planning can prevent many unpleasant activities.
probably the best way to ward off an unpleasant event.
avoiding it. Embrace the activity and see if you can master it.
activities, separate the reality from what you imagine.
making events more unpleasant, answer them, then act on the new ones.
Emery, G. A New Beginning: How to Change Your Life Through Cognitive Therapy. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981.
It is important for recovering addicts to work on building social support systems.
people who drink or smoke and who will not be of much support in efforts to quit.
might need to get a new roommate?).
appropriately to negative moods and depression, will boost your success.
treatment manual). Pawtucket, RI: The Memorial Hospital, 1982. pp. 1–9.
Marlatt, G.A., and Gordon, J.R. Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors.


text:
est un footballeur japonais né le .

Biographie

Liens externes

Footballeur japonais
Joueur des Urawa Red Diamonds
Joueur du Vegalta Sendai
Naissance à Tokyo
Naissance en mars 1973
Étudiant de l'université Aoyama Gakuin

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Chemistry Articles
Symbol Es
Atomic Number 99
Atomic Mass 252
Discovered by Einsteinium was discovered as a component of the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion in 1952.
Einsteinium belongs to group 13 of heavy transuranic subseries of elements found in the actinide series. It was discovered after World war II sometime in 1952 as a trace element in the residue from the massive explosion of the hydrogen bomb on Eniwetok.
Einsteinium does not exist in nature and is not found in the Earths crust. It is produced in small amounts by artificial natural transmutations of other radioactive elements rather than by additional explosion of thermonuclear weapons.
What is Einsteinium?
Einsteinium is a synthetic element and a part of the periodic table with atomic number 99.
Einsteinium which is transuranium was discovered during the analysis of nuclear products recovered from debris following a thermonuclear explosion (Weapon test device, "Mike", November 1952) in the Pacific Ocean. Through initial investigations, fermium and other element were discovered.
The second element was named in honour of Albert Einstein, and given the symbol, it is produced through a chain of nuclear reactions that involves bombarding each isotope then allowing isotope beta decay.
Discovery of Einsteinium
The discovery of einsteinium (element 99) was an unexpected result from the detonation of the first thermonuclear device, "Mike", which took place on November 1, 1952.
Einsteinium, the seventh transuranic element of the actinide series to be discovered, was identified by Ghiorso and co-workers at Berkeley in December 1952 in debris from the first large thermonuclear explosion, which took place in the Pacific.
The discoveries of many of the transuranium elements were the result of careful preliminary planning, taking into account experimental techniques, predictions of chemical and nuclear properties.
Einsteinium was one of these trace elements that was detected. Its existence, as well as several other discovered elements, was not announced until 1955, due to secrecy related to this new type of thermonuclear bomb.
Isotopes of Einsteinium
Einsteinium is a radioactive metallic element and a member of the actinide group of the periodic table. It reacts with the oxygen atom, steam and acids but nit with alkalies. Its preferred oxidation state is +3.
There are 17 known isotopes of einsteinium with mass numbers from 241 to 257 and three known isomers. All Einsteinium is radioactive and the longest-lived isotope is einsteinium-252 with a half-life of 472 days.
The symbol originally proposed for Einsteinium was just E, but when IUPAC approved the name in 1957 they changed the symbol to Es to conform with their new rule that said all newly name elements should have symbols with two letters.
Properties of Einsteinium
Group Actinides Melting point 860°C, 1580°F, 1133 K
Period 7 Boiling point Unknown
Block f Density (g cm−3) Unknown
Atomic number 99 Relative atomic mass [252]
State at 20°C Solid Key isotopes 252Es
Electron configuration [Rn] 5f117s2 CAS number 7429-92-7
ChemSpider ID 22356 ChemSpider is a free chemical database
Uses of Einsteinium
Only tiny amounts of einsteinium have ever been produced, it is mainly used in scientific studies.
Radioactive decay can be discovered through Einsteinium.
It is among the heaviest element on which bulk studies can be performed.
It has a few medical uses but they are not commercial.
It is used majorly to study radiation damage, targeted radiation medical treatments and for accelerated ageing.
Learn more about the element in the periodic table from the expert faculties at BYJU'S.
The general electronic configuration of actinides are
5f1−146d0−17s2
Types Of Alloys Mica Mineral
Define Vapour Pressure Subatomic Particles
Uses Of Phenols Aluminium Ore
Molar Conductance Iupac Name List
Mercury Melting Point Ionic Bond
There is a gradual decrease in size of atoms or M+3 ions across the actinide series


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Super Excited! – Fashion, Makeup and a Double Latte!
April 5, 2016 April 7, 2016 Fashion Make-Up and a Double Latte!
So I decided to write a quick post to say HEY!!! I have been blessed with several Awesome opportunities lately and I cant wait to share them with you! (Whenever I get some "You"s! LOL!) So please follow this Blog ..I PROMISE there will be more to come!!! Hope to see so,e old and new faces along for the ride!
Previous Post Business Casual Style…The Curvy way!
Hi Steph! Welcome! You may want to move your posts, comments and followers from Blogger to WP like I did! Its so easy!
Hi! Thank you! I need to feel my way around here! lol! Do you like WordPress better then blogger? It seems to generate more traffic…I dont see that on Blogger at all. Any tips would be sooo helpful!
Yes Steph! WordPress is much better of a platform for integration of different tools and other social media channels. It has better configuration. And yes generates traffic easy. Let me make a step by step guide for you to shift all your blogger stuff to WordPress it'll barely take 10 minutes and you're good to go!
I think I did it! lol! Well the post are here…I might have to move my HTML (Like my influenster Badge and all that) over here by hand…but the post are moved!
Oh anytime! Yes the HTML can be moved too! Good luck 🙂 xox!
Go to your Blogger settings in the Dashboard- others- Import & Back up Content. Click on Back up and Download the file. Save it to your computer.
Then go to WordPress Dashboard- tools- Import- it will also give you an option of other importers, first option is Blogger.
Upload the file you downloaded and it'll start the import.


Election Day is just around the corner and our mission is clear: Re-Elect Rich Schaffer to a full term to finish what he started when he took over for the great Steve Bellone!
This year we're having a light-hearted "golf outing" at Colonial Springs Golf Club, complete with a hole-in-one challenge, as well as sand bunker and putting skills challenges. Join us for a night of fun and excitement as we "drive" our candidates on to victory!
All clubs will be provided; attire is "golf course chic."


text:
News at Smith
Smith Stories
Smith Business Magazine
Books For Leaders
Capital Business Columns
Smith Business Close-Up
Greg Muraski
Media Relations Specialist
gmuraski@rhsmith.umd.edu
Global Trade Predictions from Two Industry Experts
Maryland Smith Marketing Faculty Recognized for Research, Mentoring
Smith School In the News: 2021
Maryland Smith Partners With PepsiCo in Course
Maryland Partners in International Trade Hosts Webinar on Risk in International Markets
The University of Tampere EMBAs Visit the Smith School
Experiential / Reality-based Learning
The University of Tampere in Finland partnered with the Center for Excellence in Service (CES) to offer an executive education program focusing on service marketing and management. The CES hosted 17 EMBA students from the Finnish university from May 14-16, 2014. Professors P.K. Kannan and Yogesh Joshi presented, respectively, seminars on customer equity management and service innovation. Our Finnish guests were hosted onsite by managers at the Corporate Executive Board, in Arlington, VA., for a seminar on the "effortless" customer experience, and by marketing managers at The National Aquarium in Baltimore, to learn about its innovative marketing program. Onsite visits incorporated themes discussed in the program to provide students the opportunity to learn from leading marketing practitioners.
P.K. Kannan
Yogesh Joshi
About the University of Maryland's Robert H. Smith School of Business
The Robert H. Smith School of Business is an internationally recognized leader in management education and research. One of 12 colleges and schools at the University of Maryland, College Park, the Smith School offers undergraduate, full-time and part-time MBA, executive MBA, online MBA, specialty master's, PhD and executive education programs, as well as outreach services to the corporate community. The school offers its degree, custom and certification programs in learning locations in North America and Asia.


CranstonIT Blog — Introducing KnowBe4 from CranstonIT Security awareness your entire organization needs.
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KnowBe4 is the world's most popular integrated platform for security awareness training. Here's what you can expect once we tailor this affordable solution to your business size.
We'll train your users. KnowBe4 has the world's largest library of security awareness training content at its disposal. Using interactive modules, videos, games and more, your team will participate in automated training campaigns followed by scheduled reminder emails. We will partner with you to build, customize and then execute your awareness strategy.
We'll phish your users. In the battle against phishing and ransomware, you'll have the best-in-class, fully automated phishing platform to put your team to the test. We conduct real-world phishing tests against your users to see if they can spot the attack … or if they fall victim. Users who fall victim receive training on how to defeat the attack in future. The training library is consistently refreshed and always growing to stay a step ahead of any new tactics and methods developed by cyber attackers.
You'll see the results. KnowBe4 offers enterprise-strength reporting to display the stats and graphs for both training and phishing, ready for management. You'll see reporting for phishing campaigns with the ability to drill down to see which team members are most at risk and which ones are passing with flying colors.
IT security is everyone's concern. Firewalls, encryption, secure passwords and software patch management provide multiple lines of defense against cyber attackers, malware, phishing, password hackers and other security breaches. Users are the last line of defense — and an untrained user is your organization's biggest vulnerability.
Our best-in-class phishing simulation and training platform will improve your organization's last line of defense — your human firewall. It will enable your employees to make smarter, more educated security decisions every day.
KnowBe4 training is now available from CranstonIT. We believe security is so important that we offer a free and comprehensive threat assessment of your users. To schedule this evaluation, please contact us at 888-813-5558 or support@cranstoninc.com today.


text:
Analysis 14:53, 14-Apr-2019
Global diets must change to save lives
Bertram Niles
["other","International"]
"You are what you eat," goes an old saying. In effect, what we put in our bodies has a direct impact on our well-being.
That much has always seemed pretty obvious, but a recent large-scale study has confirmed the link between diet choices and the risk of early death in stark terms.
According to the Global Burden of Disease study, an estimated 11 million deaths in 2017, about a fifth of total deaths among adults, were associated with poor diet. That's more than for tobacco, hypertension or any other health risk.
The study, published in the Lancet, tracked dietary trends from 1990 to 2017 in 195 countries.
"Among all forms of malnutrition, poor dietary habits – particularly low intake of healthy foods – is the leading risk factor for mortality," the researchers concluded.
Across all 15 dietary components that were examined, more deaths were tied to a lack of eating healthy foods as opposed to eating too many unhealthy foods.
The finding might require a change in strategy by health authorities, according to study co-author Dr. Christopher Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.
"While sodium, sugar, and fat have been the focus of policy debates over the past two decades, our assessment suggests the leading dietary risk factors are high intake of sodium, or low intake of healthy foods, such as whole grains, fruit, nuts and seeds, and vegetables," he said.
Less emphasis on junk food
"Dietary policies focusing on promoting healthy eating can have a more beneficial effect than policies advocating against unhealthy foods," added Dr. Ashkan Afshin, lead author on the study and a university colleague of Murray.
In essence, the spotlight may have to be less in the future on junk food and more on the consumption of solid nutrients.
Diets globally were found to be low in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts and seeds, milk, fiber, calcium, seafood omega-3 fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. They were high in red meat, processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, trans fatty acids and sodium.
Research suggests that people may be more willing to comply with nutrition guidance if they are told to eat more of something good, rather than less of something bad. /File photo
The study determined that such suboptimal diets contribute to a range of chronic diseases, specifically cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes that cause death.
They also contribute to long-term disability, resulting in 2017 in 255 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which equal the sum of years of life lost and years lived with ill-health or disability.
None of the 21 regions covered in the report ate the optimal amount of all 15 dietary elements.
Some regions did manage to eat some dietary elements in the right amounts. The exceptions were the intake of vegetables in central Asia, seafood omega-3 fatty acids in the high-income Asia Pacific, and legumes in the Caribbean, tropical Latin America, South Asia, western sub-Saharan Africa, and eastern sub-Saharan Africa.
Among unhealthy food groups, consumption of sodium and sugar-sweetened beverages was higher than the optimal level in nearly every region.
The challenge of change
Regionally, high sodium intake (above 3g per day) was the leading dietary risk for death and disease in China, Japan, and Thailand. Low consumption of whole grains (below 125 grams per day) was the leading nutritional risk factor for death and disease in the United States, India, Brazil, Pakistan, Nigeria, Russia, Egypt, Germany, Iran, and Turkey. In Bangladesh, low intake of fruits (below 250 grams per day) was the leading dietary risk, and, in Mexico, low consumption of nuts and seeds (below 21 grams per day) ranked first.
Disability-adjusted life (DALY) year rates attributable to diets. /The Lancet graphic
The countries with the lowest rates of diet-related deaths were Israel (89 deaths per 100,000 people), France, Spain, Japan, and Andorra. China ranked 140th (350 deaths per 100,000 people). The countries with the highest rates of diet-related deaths were Uzbekistan (892 deaths per 100,000 people), Afghanistan, Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea, and Vanuatu.
The authors of the study said that their findings highlight the urgent need for coordinated global efforts to improve diet, through collaboration with various sections of the food system and policies that drive balanced diets.
But that will not be easy, given that changing dietary habits has proven to be hard.
One hurdle to overcome is that healthy options are generally more expensive. According to Professor Nita Forouhi of the University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables per day per individual account for 52 percent of household income in low-income countries, for example.
Also, increasingly sedentary lifestyles and greater availability of non-healthy foods ordered via smartphones are going to make the job that much harder.
But, creative ways have to be found to promote healthy food components. The message must be, as the old English proverb goes, "don't dig your grave with your knife and fork," or with your spoons and chopsticks.


This outfit was the perfect outfit for traveling when Ernie and I went on our mini-moon to Victoria, Canada at the beginning of the month. Soft jogger pants are my new go-to when I know I will be spending lots of time in a car or on a plane. This patterned pair caught my eye at Target. I loved the color combo and fun print and the price couldn't be beat (under $25)! Pairing them with a white tank and a denim jacket (it was much cooler in Victoria than I expected), was the perfect comfy and casual outfit for our day of traveling and our first night out!


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Home Depot didn't answer the phone so I went on the internet and got all my questions answered by your write-up – even as to why they did not answer (busy time of day – I'll cut them some slack). I would often walk via the park (Patterson Park) to and from college everyday and was always fascinated by the Queen Ann row properties on East Baltimore Street across from the park. There's no doubt that addiction causes many folks to remain homeless but it is by no implies the purpose all homeless folks are without houses or why they are not operating. He/she also should know when the rent has to be paid, how to shop, cook, and clean. Pour 1/two cup chlorine bleach into the drain and let it sit for yet another two hours.
Trulia is an all-in-1 real estate website that gives you the neighborhood scoop about houses for sale, apartments for rent, neighborhood insights , and actual estate markets and trends to aid you figure out specifically what, exactly where, and when to buy, sell or rent.


Edo Sushi Sofia Ring Mall is the newest restaurant, where you can find a variety of sushi, sushi sets, Japanese dishes and desserts!
We are giving you the opportunity to immerse yourself in the ancient world of Japanese traditions and unique culture. You have the chance to try many different sushi sets or a significant dish from the Japanese cuisine.
You want to celebrate a special occasion?
Or you want to invite your beloved one to a spontaneous dinner during the week?
Perhaps you are looking for a special place, suitable for a business lunch meeting?
Edo Sushi in Sofia Ring Mall is open for any occasion and will provide authentic and hospitable atmosphere – exactly what you need after a hard day!
Among all that, there are lots of other features to discover in our restaurant, so do not hesitate to visit us!
Have you ever heard of Teppanyaki? No!? Well, we will present you the most unique show in the Asian cooking industry!
Teppanyaki is a form of art, where the chef is using special equipment for preparing food on a metal plate, right in front of you! While you are observing this incredible show, our master Agus Tantoui will make sure your food is cooked beautifully! Arrived from a distance of over 5000 km, he will introduce you to the world of flavors, colors and Japanese techniques of preparing food with love!
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