text:
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import axios from 'axios'
import RelationComponent from '../components/RelationComponent/RelationComponent';
import TreeRel from '../components/RelationChart2/TreeRel';
import '../components/RelationChart2/TreeRel.css';
import LoadingAnimation from '../components/loadingAnimation/LoadingAnimation.js';
import CircularFocus from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/CircularFocus/CircularFocus.js';
import Collapsible from 'react-collapsible';
import {Panel} from 'pui-react-panels';
import * as SummaryTool from '../Functions/summary.js'
import * as Scroll from 'react-scroll';
var scroll = Scroll.animateScroll;
//import { Header, Jumbotron, Footer } from 'watson-react-components';
//import GraphChart from '../graphChart/exampleLineGraph/GraphChart';
//import '../graphChart/exampleLineGraph/graph.css';
//import Chart from '../graphChart/scatterDemo/chart';
//import RelationChart from '../graphChart/RelationChart/RelationChart';
//import '../graphChart/RelationChart/RelationChartStyle.css';
//import Bars from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Bars/Bars.js';
// import Circles from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Circles/Circles.js';
// import MovingCircles from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Circles/MovingCircles.js';
// import ExternalData from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/ExternalData/ExternalData.js';
// import Paths from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Paths/Paths.js';
// import Arcs from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Arcs/Arcs.js';
 //import PieLayout from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/PieLayout/PieLayout.js';
// import Trees from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Trees/Trees.js';
// import ChordDiagram from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/ChordDiagram/ChordDiagram.js';
//import CircTrees from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/Trees/CircTrees.js';
//import TopDownCollapsibleTree from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/TopDownCollapsibleTree/TopDownCollapsibleTree.js';
//import BasicTree from '../components/UnworthyGraphs/BasicTree/BasicTree.js';
//import * as summary from 'node-tldr';

export default class HomeBoard extends Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);

    this.state = {
      relations: [],
      metadata: {},
      input:'',
      cachedInput:'',
      checked: true,
      viewChecked: false,
      stylePath: "https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/4/w3.css",
      convertedRel:[],
      selectedViz: 3,
      articleSummary: [],
      rawText: '',
      compRatio: 0,
    };
  }

  //User input handler
  handleChange = (e) => {
    this.setState({ input: e.target.value });
  }

  //URL or plaintext checkbox handler
  handleChecked= (e) => {
    this.setState({checked:!this.state.checked})

  }

  //Radial View or Standard View Handler
  handleViewChecked= (e) => {
    this.setState({viewChecked:!this.state.viewChecked})
    //console.log(this.state.viewChecked);
  }

  handleArticleSelected= (link) => {
    //console.log(link);
    document.getElementById("userInput").value = link;
    var clear = document.getElementById("checkboxInput")
    clear.checked = true;
    this.setState({input:link,
                  selectedViz:3,
                  checked:true}, function() {
                    var graphButton = document.getElementById("graphButton");
                    graphButton.click();
    });
  }

  //Relations button handler
  onButtonClickRelations = (e) => {
    if(!this.state.checked){
      this.setState({selectedViz:2});
      var target = this.state.input;
      var postReq = "relations";
      var userMetadata = {
                          "title": "USER INPUT",
                          "publication_date": "",
                          "image": "",
                          "feeds": [
                                    {
                                              "link": "http://nlurelationsviz.mybluemix.net/"
                                    }
                          ],
                          "authors": [
                                    {
                                              "name": "USER"
                                    }
                          ]
                }
      this.setState({metadata:userMetadata});
      axios.post("http://NLUBase.mybluemix.net/" + postReq, {
        text: target,
      }).then(response => {
        //console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data, undefined, 10));
        this.setState({
          relations: response.data.relations,
          selectedViz: 0});
        console.log("Switched to Relation View");
        scroll.scrollTo(450);
        }).catch(function(error){
          window.alert("No Relations Were Found");
          window.location.href = '/';
          //console.log(error);
          //window.alert("No Relations Found");
        })
    }

    else{
      if(this.state.input===''){
        this.setState({selectedViz:3})
      }
      else if(this.state.cachedInput===this.state.input){
        this.setState({selectedViz:0});
        scroll.scrollTo(450);
      }
      else{
        var targetSummary;
        this.setState({selectedViz:2});
        var target = this.state.input;
        var postReq = "relationsurl";
        axios.post("http://NLUBase.mybluemix.net/" + postReq, {
          text: target,
        }).then(response => {
            console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data, undefined, 10));
            //console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data, undefined, 10));
            SummaryTool.summarize(response.data.metadata.title, response.data.analyzed_text, function(err, summary) {
            	if(err) console.log("Something went wrong bro!");
            	 //console.log(summary);
              targetSummary=summary;
            	// console.log("Original Length " + (response.data.metadata.title.length + response.data.analyzed_text.length));
            	// console.log("Summary Length " + summary.length);
            	// console.log("Summary Ratio: " + (100 - (100 * (summary.length / (response.data.metadata.title.length + response.data.analyzed_text.length)))));
            });
            this.setState({
              metadata: response.data.metadata,
              articleSummary: targetSummary,
              relations: response.data.relations,
              rawText: response.data.analyzed_text,
              compRatio: Math.round((100 - (100 * (targetSummary.length / (response.data.metadata.title.length + response.data.analyzed_text.length))))*100)/100,
              cachedInput: this.state.input,
              selectedViz: 0,
            })
            //this.setNewTreeData();

            console.log("Switched to Relation View");
            //window.scrollTo(0,1500);
            scroll.scrollTo(450);
        }).catch(function(error){
          window.alert("No Relations Were Found");
          window.location.href = '/';
          //console.log(error);
          //window.alert("No Relations Found");
        })
      }
    }
  }

  //Graphing button handler
  onButtonClickGraph = (e) => {
    if(!this.state.checked){
      this.setState({selectedViz:2});
      var target = this.state.input;
      var postReq = "relations";
      axios.post("http://NLUBase.mybluemix.net/" + postReq, {
        text: target
      }).then(response => {
          //console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data, undefined, 10));
          this.setState({relations: response.data.relations},function() {
            this.setNewTreeData();
          });
          this.setState({
            selectedViz:1,
          })
          console.log("Switched to Graph View");
          //window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight-30);
          scroll.scrollTo(500);
          }).catch(function(error){
            window.alert("No Relations Were Found");
            window.location.href = '/';
            //console.log(error);
            //window.alert("No Relations Found");
          })
    }

    else{
      //console.log("gothere")
      if(this.state.input===''){
        this.setState({selectedViz:3})
      }
      // if(this.state.selectedViz===1 && this.state.cachedInput===this.state.input){
      //   console.log("hiiiiii")
      // }
        else if(this.state.selectedViz!==1){
          //console.log("entered loop")
          //console.log("Got here");
          this.setState({selectedViz:2});
          var targetSummary;
          var target = this.state.input;
          var postReq = "relationsurl";
          axios.post("http://NLUBase.mybluemix.net/" + postReq, {
            text: target
          }).then(response => {
            //console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data, undefined, 10));
              SummaryTool.summarize(response.data.metadata.title, response.data.analyzed_text, function(err, summary) {
              	if(err) console.log("Something went wrong bro!");
              	 //console.log(summary);
                targetSummary=summary;
              	// console.log("Original Length " + (response.data.metadata.title.length + response.data.analyzed_text.length));
              	// console.log("Summary Length " + summary.length);
              	// console.log("Summary Ratio: " + (100 - (100 * (summary.length / (response.data.metadata.title.length + response.data.analyzed_text.length)))));
              });
              //console.log(JSON.stringify(response.data, undefined, 10));
              this.setState({
                relations: response.data.relations,
              })
              this.setNewTreeData();
              this.setState({
                selectedViz:1,
                cachedInput: this.state.input,
                metadata: response.data.metadata,
                articleSummary: targetSummary,
                rawText: response.data.analyzed_text,
                compRatio: Math.round((100 - (100 * (targetSummary.length / (response.data.metadata.title.length + response.data.analyzed_text.length))))*100)/100,
                });
              //console.log(JSON.stringify(this.state.convertedRel, undefined, 10));
              console.log("Switched to Graph View");
              //window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight-30);
              scroll.scrollTo(500);
          }).catch(function(error){
            window.alert("No Relations Were Found");
            window.location.href = '/';
            //console.log(error);
            //window.alert("No Relations Found");
          })
       }
     }
  }

  //navigate home
  onButtonClickHome = (e) => {
    this.setState({selectedViz:3});
  }

  //Filters words by proper noun
  properNounFilter(word){
    var charCode;

    if(word.charCodeAt(0) > 90){
      return false;
    }

    if(word.indexOf(' ')>=0){
      return true;
    }

    for(var i = 1; i < word.length; i++){
      charCode = word.charCodeAt(i);
      if(charCode >= 65 && charCode < 90) return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  pronounFilter(word){
    if(word==="He" || word==="She" || word==="It" ||
    word==="Them" ||word==="They" || word==="he" ||
    word==="she" || word==="it" || word==="them" || word==="they"){
      return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  //Combine same Subjects together in JSON file
  sameTopicCombine(obj){
    var source = obj.children;
    for(var i = 0; i < source.length; i++){
      var item = source[i];
      var subject = item.name;
      for(var j = i+1; j< source.length; j++){
        var compareToItem = source[j];
        var compareToSubject = compareToItem.name;
        if(subject === compareToSubject){
          var newTarget = compareToItem.children[0];
          item.children.push(newTarget);
          var index = source.indexOf(compareToItem);
          if(index >= -1){
            source.splice(index, 1);
            j--;
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return source;
  }

  removeCamelCase(text){
    var result = text.replace( /([A-Z])/g, " $1" );
    var finalResult = result.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + result.slice(1); //capitalize the first letter
    return finalResult;
  }

  //Creates new JSON object by modifying the raw NLU data obtained.
  setNewTreeData = (e) => {
    var childrenBody=[];
    var mainTopics = this.state.relations;
    for (var i = 0; i < mainTopics.length; i++) {
      var obj = mainTopics[i];
      var subject = obj.arguments[0].text;
      var target = obj.arguments[1].text;
      //var action = obj.type;
      var action = this.removeCamelCase(obj.type);
        if(this.properNounFilter(subject) && this.pronounFilter(subject) && this.pronounFilter(target) && action !== "Agent Of"){
          var combo = {"name":subject, "children":[{"name": target, "children":[], "action":action}], "action":" ", init : function() {
              this.children.parent = this;
              delete this.init;
              return this;
          }}.init();
          childrenBody.push(combo);
        }
    }
    //console.log(childrenBody.length);
    //this.setState({convertedRel: {"name":"Article Topics", "children":childrenBody}});
    var collapsedRelations = {"name":"Major Topics", "children":childrenBody}
    var finalChildren = this.sameTopicCombine(collapsedRelations);
    this.setState({convertedRel: {"name":"Major Topics", "children":finalChildren, "action":" "}});
    //console.log(JSON.stringify(this.state.convertedRel, undefined, 10));
  }

  //Mapping helper. Gives each relation an ID and prop detail
  eachRelation(rel, i){
    //console.log("hi")
    //console.log(i);
    return(
      <RelationComponent key={i} index={i} relation={rel}/>
      )
  }

  // mapRelations(){
  //   this.state.relations.map(this.eachRelation)
  // }

  authorList() {
    return this.state.metadata.authors.map(function(data,i){
      return (

{data.name}

      )
    })
  }

  render() {
    var CheckedMsg;
    var placeholderText;
    var viz;
    if(this.state.checked){
      CheckedMsg="Searching Relations via URL";
      placeholderText="Paste URL Here..."
    }
    else{
      CheckedMsg="Searching Relations via Plain Text"
      placeholderText="Type Text To Be Analyzed Here..."
    }

    if(this.state.selectedViz===0){
        viz = (

<Panel className="bg-neutral-11 box-shadow-1">

Title: {this.state.metadata.title}

Author(s): {this.authorList()}

Date Published: {this.state.metadata.publication_date.substr(0, this.state.metadata.publication_date.indexOf('T'))}

            </Panel>

<Panel className="bg-neutral-11 box-shadow-1">
Article Summary:

{this.state.articleSummary}
</Panel>

<Panel className="bg-neutral-11 box-shadow-1">

Original Length: {this.state.metadata.title.length + this.state.rawText.length} Characters

Summary Length: {this.state.articleSummary.length} Characters

Compression Ratio: {this.state.compRatio}

            </Panel>

<Panel className="bg-neutral-11 box-shadow-1">
Complete Relations Outline:
{this.state.relations.map(this.eachRelation)}</Panel>

        )
    }
    else if(this.state.selectedViz===1){
      var graphViz;
      if(this.state.viewChecked){
        graphViz =

            <CircularFocus treeData={this.state.convertedRel} ref="targetGraph"/>

      }
      else{
        graphViz =
<TreeRel className="tree" treeData={this.state.convertedRel} screenWidth={window.innerWidth} ref="targetGraph" obtainLink={this.handleArticleSelected}/>

      }
        viz = (

            <input className="w3-checkbox w3-checkmark" id="checkboxInput" type="checkbox" onChange={this.handleViewChecked} defaultChecked={this.state.viewChecked}/> Radial View

              {graphViz}

            {/*<TopDownCollapsibleTree treeData={this.state.convertedRel}/>*/}
            {/*<CircTrees treeData={this.state.convertedRel}/>*/}

        )

    }

    else if(this.state.selectedViz===3){
      viz = (

          <Collapsible trigger="Details">

About

              <Collapsible trigger="View">

Data is everywhere.

 With massive amounts of data coming from several outlets and buisnesses striving hard to pick
                  out the bits that matter, understanding big data has become an integral part of the success of industries worldwide.

One of these industries is News. Thousands of news stories are published each day. And within these articles are millions of connected
                  concepts and relationships that are not as obvious. There is value in being able to organize and structure the news. And
                  the "NewsTree" project exists to serve that purpose: a visual supplement to the understanding of news articles. Using IBM Watson
                  Natural Language Understanding services, you are able to generate intuitive and responsive knowledge trees that depict the relationship
                  between each major concept in your article.

Using summary algorithms, users may view a complete summarization of news articles.

As well, you have the option to delve deeper in your exporation of the news by viewing the most recent and relavent news stories through
                  Watson Discovery services.

See "How To Use" below.

              </Collapsible>

How to Use

              <Collapsible trigger="View">

Paste a link to any news article URL into the text box. Alternately, you may uncheck the "Search URL" checkbox to analyze plaintext directly.

Then, click on the "Summary and Relations Outline" button for a compehensive summary of the article and a listing of every relationship
                contained in the article story.

You may also click the "Knowledge Graph Representation" button to view a knowledge tree of all of the listed relationships. Graph nodes
                are responsive to user clicks to expand showing the type of relationship. Click on a terminal node to do a Discovery search for more
                related articles.

              </Collapsible>

Credits

              <Collapsible trigger="View">

This project was created by John Albert Herrick II.

Developed using React and D3.

All credit to IBM Watson Services: Discovery and Natural Language Understanding. {/*And all credit to
                   the creators of react-loading, react-scroll, node-summary, and react-collapsible.*/}

              </Collapsible>

          </Collapsible>

      )
    }

    else{
      //console.log("got here")
      viz = (

          <LoadingAnimation/>

      )
    }

    return (

        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href={this.state.stylePath}/>

Developed By John Herrick. Powered By Watson.

NewsTree

Natural Language Processing: Relation Analysis and Visualization

          <input className="w3-white w3-border w3-border-blue" id="userInput" placeholder={placeholderText} type="text" onChange={ this.handleChange }/>
          <input className="w3-checkbox w3-checkmark" id="checkboxInput" type="checkbox" onChange={this.handleChecked} defaultChecked={this.state.checked}/>   Search URL

{CheckedMsg}

Summary and Relations Outline

Knowledge Graph Representation

          {viz}
          {/*<BasicTree/>*/}
          {/*<Bars/>*/}
          {/*<Circles/>*/}
          {/*<MovingCircles/>*/}
          {/*<ExternalData/>*/}
          {/*}<Paths/>*/}
          {/*}<Arcs/>*/}
          {/*<PieLayout/>*/}
          {/*<Trees/>*/}
          {/*<ChordDiagram/>*/}
          {/*clusters, bubbles, pack, histogram, treemap, maps */}
          {/*this.state.selectedViz === 0 ?
{this.state.relations.map(this.eachRelation)}
 : <TreeRel treeData={this.state.convertedRel} />*/}

        {/*

Created By: John Albert Herrick II

Powered by IBM Watson Services: Natrual Language Understanding

React and D3

*/}

    );
  }
}


text:
Scientology library: "Timothy Miller"
arnaldo p. "arnie" lerma • bankruptcy • building management services (bms) • carl kozlowski • celebrity centre • cult awareness network (can) (earlier form, citizen's freedom foundation) • fair game • graham e. berry • hollywood guaranty building (hgb) @ 6331 hollywood boulevard los angeles ca united states • john whiteside "jack" parsons • michelle "chel" stith • office of special affairs (osa) (formerly, guardian's office) • operating thetan (ot) • pasadena weekly • real estate • richard leiby • robert vaughn young • sea organization (sea org, so) • steven fishman • timothy miller • tom cruise • tory "magoo" christman • uwe geertz • vistaril • xenu (operating thetan level 3, ot 3, wall of fire)
Debunking a movement / Scientollywood — Pasadena Weekly
Author(s): Carl Kozlowski
Source: Pasadena Weekly
Exposing some of the unsavory claims that Tom Cruise, John Travolta and other celebrities would rather you didn't know about Scientology For nearly 20 years, Tom Cruise has been Hollywood's Golden Boy. The star of Top Gun," "Risky Business" and, most recently, "The War of the Worlds," Cruise has attributed his vast success to being a follower of Scientology, a self-help movement-turned-religion which claims the ability to "clear" its followers from all their problems. It seemed like the perfect match: the ...
Tag(s): 1326 L. Ron Hubbard Way Los Angeles CA United States • 1339 North Catalina Street Los Angeles CA United States • 1715 Ivar Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • 1825 North Bronson Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • 1827 North Bronson Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • 1830 North Bronson Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • 4734 Fountain Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • 4820 Fountain Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • 5165 Fountain Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • Arnaldo P. "Arnie" Lerma • Bankruptcy • Building Management Services (BMS) • Carl Kozlowski • Celebrity Centre • Church of Scientology Celebrity Centre International @ 5930 Franklin Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • Cult Awareness Network (CAN) (earlier form, Citizen's Freedom Foundation) • Fair game • Graham E. Berry • Hollywood Guaranty Building (HGB) @ 6331 Hollywood Boulevard Los Angeles CA United States • Hollywood Inn Hotel @ 6724 Hollywood Boulevard Los Angeles CA United States • John Whiteside "Jack" Parsons • Main Building (old Cedars-Sinai Hospital) @ 4833 Fountain Avenue Los Angeles CA United States • Michelle "Chel" Stith • Office of Special Affairs (OSA) (formerly, Guardian's Office) • Operating Thetan (OT) • Pasadena Weekly • Real estate • Richard Leiby • Robert Vaughn Young • Sea Organization (Sea Org, SO) • Steven Fishman • Timothy Miller • Tom Cruise • Tory "Magoo" Christman • Uwe Geertz • Vistaril • Xenu (Operating Thetan level 3, OT 3, Wall of Fire)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Brett has lost a lot of momentum after his bromance partner, Winston, was sent packing a couple of weeks ago and he has been jockying for position ever since. Add to this a feud with Rockstar for lying on her children's birthday and you have a guy with a target on his back that needs to be taken out sooner rather then later. In fact, they need to do it before he is able to win a competition and have control of the house.
Luckily for those that want Brett out of the house, he doesn't have the best social game right now and if he fails to charm his way into an alliance soon, he will become a target to get picked off. In the end, maybe Brett can do something to save his fate, especially if he offers his loyalty to the right person in the house, but it doesn't seem particularly possibly when you consider his current standing in the house.


Few accessories capture the classic bridal look like a matching veil. However, martching the look and style of a new veil to a custom dress is something that many gown shops do not offer.
In addition to custom dress creations and bridal alterations, Go2Bella remains your veil design specialists. By combining contemporary fashion design choices with classic materials like lace, ribbons, and crystals, we can ensure that all brides look the part when it's time to walk down the aisle. We earned a reputation for fine quality and craftsmanship, and have been featured in a number of national bridal magazines ("THE PRESS") over the past 25 years.
Our veils will not compete with your custom gown, nor will it clash with the length or style of your hair. Instead, you'll find that your personally designed wedding veil is the icing on the cake for any dress.
Many brides settle for whatever prefabricated bridal veils that they can purchase, even if it doesn't flow with their dresses. Instead, we provide a better way for more brides to feel as lovely as they look.
When we say custom designs, we take the time to truly understand the bride and not just her list of preferences. In many cases, we surprise them with touches that they had wanted to request but weren't sure how to even ask for them.
Chances are, you already have style choices in mind for your wedding day veil. We have more than 25 years of fashion industry experience, taking all the design options you need and making a cohesive custom creation that you will love.
No matter what materials, textures, and accessories you want to see for your veil, we carry them all in stock. Choose from hand- appliquéd lace, Swarovski crystals, silk ribbons, and much more. You can choose any length, as many layers as desired, several edging options and elegant embellishments. All veils are custom made to order per customer, by our in house Milliners.
We only use the finest materials possible from Bridal Illusion, Fine Edging, and more trusted names in wedding fashion fabrics. When you need to look your best, Go2Bella has the perfect designs for you.
Please allow 3 to 4 weeks before desired delivery of your veil. 1/2 Down Deposit is required on all orders.
Brides are able to talk to us about the style, color and decoration of their dress, and we help them to find a veil to compliment the wedding dress. Many brides already have something in mind while others are just beginning to look and are pleased to find that we can make just about everything imaginable. Our veils are made of only the finest Bridal Illusion, Fine Edging, Swarovski crystals and Lace. All veils are custom made to order per customer, by our in house Milliners.
Our veils are priced according to their length, edging and number of layers plus any additional accents you may choose. This price list will give you a base guide for typical veils. Additional charges will be added for Swarovski Crystals and Alencon lace, depending on preference on each individual order.
Gathered & Attached to comb | Circle & Straight Styles ~ Priced per layer.


text:
Start Over Subject praying
Andrew Dickson White Architectural Photographs Collection16
ca. 1880 (photograph)4
ca. 1880 (sculpture)4
ca. 1865-ca. 1895 (photograph)2
1190-1275 (building)1
Boehm, Joseph Edgar (English sculptor and medalist, 1834-1890)4
Lemere, Bedford (English photographer, 1840-ca. 1911)2
Fratelli Alinari (Italian photography studio and publisher, 1854-1920)1
Lancelot, Gustave (French photographer, 1830-1906)1
Laurent, Juan (French photographer, 1816-1892, active in Spain and France)1
Arched portals1
Arched windows1
Brick walls2
Casts (Sculpture)2
1. Royal Architectural Museum. Plaster Casts (Figures of Angels) from Chartres Cathedral
Lemere, Bedford (English photographer, 1840-ca. 1911)
2. Royal Architectural Museum. Plaster Casts (Panels) from the Tombs of the Scagliere in Verona
3. Relief Carving, Chichester Cathedral
ca. 1865-ca. 1885 (photograph)
ca. 1095-ca. 1199 (sculpture)
4. Bourges Cathedral Portal, The Last Judgement
1190-1275 (building)
5. Burgos. Tomb of Juan II of Castille and his wife, Isabella of Portugal, in the Miraflores Charterhouse
Léon & Lévy (French photography studio and publishers, established 1867)
Siloé, Gil de (Spanish sculptor and architect, active 1486, died ca. 1501)
1489-1493 (tomb)
6. Exeter Cathedral. The Martyrs' Pulpit (Bishop Pattison Memorial Pulpit)
Scott, George Gilbert, I (English architect, 1811-1878)
Norman, Carl (Photographer, British, active ca. 1870-ca. 1890)
ca. 1300-ca. 1499 (building)
1870 (sculpture)
7. Painted Ceiling in Church, Kumla, Sweden
ca. 1400-ca. 1499 (painting)
8. Rouen. Drawing of the Tomb of the Cardinals of Amboise
9. Troyes. Church of Saint Nicholas. Figures of Worshippers
Lancelot, Gustave (French photographer, 1830-1906)
10. Interior of the Suleymaniye Mosque, Nave
Sinan (Ottoman architect, ca. 1500-1588)
Sébah, J. Pascal (Turkish photographer, active late 19th century)
11. El Escorial. Tomb of Carlos V
Toledo, Juan Bautista de (Spanish architect, sculptor, and engineer, died 1567)
Laurent, Juan (French photographer, 1816-1892, active in Spain and France)
12. Dean Augustus Duncombe's Tomb, York Minster
Boehm, Joseph Edgar (English sculptor and medalist, 1834-1890)
ca. 1880 (sculpture)
16. Foederis Arca. The Virgin Protector, Central Portal Tympanum, Florence Cathedral
Fratelli Alinari (Italian photography studio and publisher, 1854-1920)
Passaglia, Augusto (Italian sculptor, 1837-1918)


How will the new ICANN Transfer Policy affect me?
ICANN, the organisation behind all gTLD's will apply the new Transfer Policy starting 1 December 2016. This is an important change regarding the way owner and contactchanges are updated for your domains. The new rules only apply to gTLD's such as .com, .net and .info.
Starting 1 December, both the old and new owner will have to give approval for the owner change. After this a mandatory ''transfer-lock'' will be applied to the domain for 60 days. During this period, the domain can not be transferred.
When will this new policy apply?
Changes to other contact details such as your administrative or technical contact will have no consequences and will be processed immediately.
How does an this ownerchange work at TransIP?
For registrations of gTLD's we work together with our registrationpartner: Key-Systems. Through them, we act as registrar and registrant also known as "Designated agent". This means it is not necessary to confirm the ownerchange by e-mail. We practically process the requested ownerchange for you.
You can change your domain contact details by clicking "Manage contact details" in your control panel.
After clicking "Save", permission will be asked to issue this request as a certified agent (if it is a gTLD).
After this, the Transfer-lock will be activated on the domain. You can still do ownerchanges, but the domain will be unable to transfer to another party for a period of 60 days.
When the change has been completed, both the new and old owner will receive a notifcation mail from noreply@emailverification.info. This is purely to inform you of the status. No more action is required on your end.


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Newmont Mining Corp. (NEM) has informed the market on Monday that the Subika underground project in Ghana has reached the production of salable gold. The high-grade mineral deposit, where Newmont Mining will produce the metal at one of the lowest costs of the company, is located near the Ahafo mine.
The project has been delivered on time with the company's plan and represents the third profitable expansion achieved by Newmont Mining in 2018 after the completion of the Twin Creeks Underground and Northwest Exodus expansion projects in Nevada. For the development of the Subika underground project, the large U.S.gold producer has made investments of about $186 million staying at budget.
Shareholders of Newmont Mining Corp. will for sure positively welcome this important step forward in Ghana because the asset will give a significant contribution to the overall line of operations of the company in terms of increased production, a more contained cost per ounce of produced metal and a higher gold margin.
Subika Underground will start contributing in early 2019 with an annual production of gold that will average 150,000 to 200,000 ounces over the first five years of operations or approximately 3.4-3.6% of total attributable gold production of Newmont Mining Corp. The underground mine is supposed to produce gold for at least 10 years. In fact, the existence of specific characteristics of mineralization at the contiguous orebodies and the availability of platform and advanced mining technologies consent to be optimistic about an extension of operations well beyond 2028.
Investors can profit from this catalyst by acquiring shares of Newmont Mining Corp. on the New York Stock Exchange. The share price at close Monday was $32.47, reflecting a 13% downside from the previous 52 weeks. The share price is below the 200-, 100-day simple moving average lines but above the 50-SMA lines.
The share price at close Monday is not one of the cheapest, since it is nearly 12% above the 52-week low of $29.06. However, it is still underneath the mid-point of $35.60 of the 52-week range, whose high is $42.04.
Further, a price-book ratio of 1.63 versus an industry median of 1.74 and an EV-Ebitda ratio of 9.02 compared to an industry median of 9.3 adds to the opinion of those analysts for an affordable investment, meaning they are suggesting increasing Newmont Mining. These analysts are not a few because as of November there are 11 analysts out of 18 who suggest buying shares of the US miners with two of them set for a strong buy. While seven analysts are for a holding approach.
There is another important metric that gold mine investors usually take into consideration when they judge whether a mineral project is financially robust or not. This is the internal rate of return (IRR) that in the case of the Subika underground project will stand at around 20%. An IRR of 20% is not bad, even though gold mine investors usually consider a mineral project financially robust when it has a 30-35% ranging IRR.
But the Subika underground mine is bearing another potential for future shareholder's value accretion. This is the significant improvement in terms of lower all-in sustain costs that the US miner will achieve in Ghana once the production from the Subika underground mine will combine with that from the Ahafo mill expansion project. The catalyst will act sometime in the second part of 2019 following the finalization of the Ahafo mill expansion project where the company is targeting improved production margins and accelerated processing of stockpiles.
The company is estimating a 24 to 28% decline in the all-in sustain cost per ounce of metal sold at Ahafo from the level of $1,050 to $1,250 per ounce sold in 2016.
Commodity permitting, Ahafo will help the stock to reach the target price of $40.83 per share within the next 52 weeks. The mean is an average of eighteen estimates ranging between a low of $33 and a high of $50. The average target price is mirroring a nearly 26% growth from the market value at close Monday.


If you wish to succeed at your Local SEO, you're require a Local search engine optimisation expert in the Philippines who knows the essential strategies and methods to dominate. Local SEO may be important to small and local company, but nevertheless, it can be a challenging undertaking to begin by yourself, especially when coupled with other small business tasks. Local SEO includes the procedure for optimizing websites with a concentration on improving local search engine effects.
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Design your feed. Protect your mind! - Influence what influences you!
Design your feed. Protect your mind! – Influence what influences you!
Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you who you are!
My primary school teacher used to tell me this when I spent more time hanging out with the *bad boys* instead of investing extra time in my French and geometry homework. While I am not convinced he was right about that, he was definitely right about the fact that you can control who influences you and to what degree.
It is a fact that only a part of us is genetically predetermined and a large part of who you are today, you have picked up along the way from people you have encountered and looked up to in one way or another.
Today, we say, you are the average of the 5 people you spend the most time with.
If you have researched anything in self-development at some point in your life, you must have come across this piece of wisdom.
Well, does this still hold true for people you encounter online?
Let us just imagine that you would stop all real-life contact with people for 6 months and the only contact you would have to other humans, would be through videos, live streams, blogs and other online content.
And let us imagine you would follow 5 selected people over those 6 months, only consuming their content.
Would this experience have a similar effect on you? Would you become the average of those 5 people? Would the statement *Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you, who you are* still hold true?
While an in-person relationship has probably a much more profound influence on you because you receive direct and exclusive attention with a dedicated feedback loop built-in into this relationship, there must still be something to it.
After all, this is how advertising works. It influences you all the time. Just a little bit a time but all the time. This is how brands work. They are slowly becoming your *friends*.
So where am I going with this now?
If everything above hold true to one degree or another, in today's world we have the responsibility to not only select the people we let into our lives but also the content that we allow into our lives.
If you are a heavy social media user, you know exactly what I am talking about.
Whom do you follow on Twitter? To whose channel are you subscribed on YouTube and above all, where are you allowing mobile notifications? Which pages do you like on Facebook? What newsletters have you opted-in to? Whom are you following on LinkedIn? You are getting the point.
This is a fascinating subject. While in real life the number of new influencers you have access to is limited, online you can completely alter your circle of influence within a few hours. You can easily dilute your limited attention to too many people forcing out influencers who are really important to you.
You may have noticed, when you have discovered a new topic that you are likely to become passionate about, you are likely to research the topic over several days across many different channels.
You will probably start with YouTube first, subscribing to every channel that resonates with you at least on some level. At your current level of knowledge, everyone just a few steps ahead of you seems like a genius.
You subscribe here, there and there.
To some of those you will want to have a closer bond with, so you click through to their Twitter and follow them there, too.
As you consume more of their content, like their videos and tweets, the platform feed algorithm starts to kick in, giving you more and more content from these people and from other people that the AI considers to be similar.
This cycle continues until you are fully immersed in this new topic. Your phone now does not stop ringing as you are getting notifications about new tweets and videos 24 hours a day.
If you think this is over here you are wrong because there is the final stage that is designed to give you the rest.
How does advertising play into this?
Now that you have clearly signaled to the AI that you are very interested in a topic, the time has come to sell this information about you to companies who are ready to reach you directly without fishing for your attention and without counting on you to find them. They are confident they have something you want and now they will make sure that you know it, too.
Besides all the noise you are now getting from your subscriptions, you will now also see paid messages in between those, based on your interests.
You have now reached the maximum exposure for a specific topic and maybe this new relationship could be equal to 1 of those 5 friends we were talking about earlier.
Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you, who you are.
Do you think that still holds true?
You may be realizing now what dangers this process involves and what impact it has on you. You now may begin to realize how vulnerable you are psychologically because the amount of data available to you online in combination with the 24h availability through your mobile device is so much bigger than what you are prepared to handle with the tools you acquired in your physical experience.
So where are we going from here and what are possible solutions? Is it all bad?
Let us have a look at the extreme and most radical solutions that will definitely help.
You could deinstall all the social media apps from your mobile phone and deactivate the email app. This will definitely help.
However, while you will regain your peace of mind, you will be missing out on the advantages of these platforms, that got you *addicted* in the first place.
There was something there you wanted and needed. There was something there that solved a problem for you. There was something good there.
So totally excluding the data flow directly into your life may not be the right solution.
The solution is eventually what you expected.
You need to design the feed that gives you what you need (this is a cool rhyme) and exclude what you do not want or that has a negative impact on you.
The feed is an abstract term for the information flow on your mobile device. You do have a feed on Facebook, Twitter etc but I am talking about the aggregate result of all those feeds. Especially the notifications on your mobile device have a serious impact on your daily life.
A feed is a constantly changing organism that should reflect your development. You need to be actively looking out for content that you have outgrown and that you do not need into your life anymore.
By removing content from your feed, you eventually make space for new content or you reallocate more attention share to the remaining influencers in your life, which is just as powerful.
Certain personalities on YouTube may trigger negative states inside you at this point in your life and you need to review if you are willing to see notifications about their new creations in the middle of the night on your mobile device.
You know, when something has a negative impact on you, and you need to take action.
It is also important to allow new content into your life. Sometimes, it is worth taking a risk and to subscribe to a new channel and even to activate notifications.
It is a constant process that needs your active attention. A small change in your feed could have a huge impact on your life in the weeks to follow.
The goal is to find the perfect mix of information that will allow you to stay up-to-date on things you really care about. Having a strong and well-managed feed will not only help you to find success on a personal level but also on a professional level. It will give you the cutting edge that others may not benefit from just yet.
Passionate about digital marketing, cryptocurrency, and self-actualization.
What is the big deal about blockchain technology? A look beyond Bitcoin & Co.
Buy the dip! When lambo? The cryptocurrency hype in a nutshell!


text:
The Gambler from Norcross, Wyoming
My grandfather Johnny Igoe said it was so. On many occasions, as we sat side by side listening to "The Lone Ranger" on the radio long before there was television, he told me about "The Gambler from Norcross," out there in Wyoming, his perky pipe throwing off its Edgeworth aroma or, in darkness only lit by the radio dial, a single and momentary glow from that small briar as he puffed at it, a faint star pointing its location on the far horizon. Oh, how that little old man loved the Lone Ranger and the cowboy west of his youth. Those hours, on a dark porch or a dim room by firelight, were magic and mythic, framing so much around the two of us.
Believe me, I can see it all now, smell it all now, hear his voice at the edge of my soul, if there is such a place that harkens to me. Perhaps on that far and dim horizon.
Grandfather said, and more than once as if he was reading from a kept script, "This man believed in odds and gods, perseverance and, most of all, human frailty. All this made him legendary in the old west, the Gambler from Norcross, Wyoming, William Lear Blacklin. He was buried in Lizard Creek, Wyoming beneath an especially big tree on the side of a hill, by an appointed town lackey, on April 29, 1882. There were no mourners, no friends, no respects paid. He was 37 years old, if that was to be believed. Always, without fail, when sitting down to a poker game, he'd say, 'When you rub two tricks together you get smoke and then you get fire, so beware, gentlemen, that I trust nobody this side of tomorrow.'"
Two shiny Colt revolvers, with life and death evidence marked into polished handles clearly exposed, helped stress the fact of his statement.
My grandfather, a small Irish man who had come to America as a young boy, found Blacklin's grave by found clues and intensive search, and later headed back east out of Wyoming with a piece of the trove that had been buried near Blacklin. He had, of course, satisfied a huge curiosity and greater love for the "new American west" and the promise it held out for young immigrants, which had made him dig for more detailed information about the gambler from Norcross.
Norcross, as he found out, was a small town at the end of the Shagatuck Valley in the foothills of Wyoming mountains. Its location he had heard, from the center of town up through the valley, was as true north as could be predicted. The Snake River was up there, and Canada, the North Pole, gold and card players of all ranks. Norcross, it has also been said, disappeared in an avalanche and was not heard from again. Nor has William Lear Blacklin been the subject of talk until now.
"The day I heard his middle name," my grandfather said, "I had this improbable feeling of connection come over me, as if we were destined. Shakespeare's work had continually roused the magic in me, the music and the myth. Out there I read some of his plays in treasured books I had come across or small pamphlets that traveling bards read from or memorized their lines from. Sometimes there was a single page or a loose pamphlet found behind a saloon bar where I was pouring, as if a troubadour had traded a secret passion for a last-call pint. Once, working in a livery in another lost town in Wyoming, I found a small bundle of pamphlets obviously lost by a traveling bard. It was like finding gold without looking for it. The music of Shakespeare's language always called up something in me from my youngest days around a night fire in the old sod hut back home, much as we are gathered now."
He'd tap his pipe, nod, loose that far look in his eyes as he sought Clooniquin or fair Ross or dear Elphin itself. "There were teachers in our family in the old country, to which I was aimed, until the failures came acropping and I had to leave. But, me wee bucko, back to Blacklin we go."
"I first looked at W. Lear Blacklin as an actor. He was a polished stage hand dredged up by William Shakespeare himself. His introduction at each table, at each game, was legendary. Oftentimes words would fly, guns drawn, shots fired, and Blacklin, standing alone, would say, 'Of course, all you sirs saw that neat dead man there on the floor draw his weapon first as if I had insulted him, whereas I was only making waves in the world of card playing, in this small ocean of chance where we expose our deep failings and frailties, where cheats come to their calling.'"
"He'd draw that gaze of his, that hard-eyed look, and let it fall into the eyes of all onlookers. Oh, I saw him twice in that same scene, almost identical in each instance, delicately scripted right down the slight thrust of deadly promise in his chin and that cold stare he could manufacture on the spot. A London or a New York or a Chicago stage would have welcomed him, tossed his name up there on sidewalk marquees, and headlined him. Imagine him grander than Wild Bill or Custer himself or the fiercest Indian chief, on stage an unforgettable presence. "
"But frailties exist even for the doughtiest, and in Lizard Creek one day of doom, with no eye witnesses, he shot another card player when the barkeep was out of sight. The sheriff locked him up pending a trial, and Blacklin told the sheriff he had a bad feeling, as if a curtain were being drawn. 'If I die,' he said, 'have me buried up there on the hill outside of town where the huge tree sits alone by that small cave.' As projected by the gambler himself, knowing about all the odds, stacked or otherwise, he was shot through an open window in the middle of the night when the sheriff was off chasing some fool errand, which may have been a framed distraction. Blacklin was buried the following day, as detailed above.
And so it was that the little Irish man, jiggered by too many pints, yelling at a man yelling about "furriners all over the country," awoke in the morning in the same cell where William Lear Blacklin had been shot. In his morning misery, still collapsed on the hard bunk, his eye fell on a few arrows scratched into adobe bricks as if they were trail markers. His innate curiosity forced him from the bunk to search the cell. In an adobe crevice, stuffed deeply, was a piece of paper with the following note: "The deal is not mine this turn. I will be buried under the big tree on the north hill. Near is what I buried before I came into town. Who finds this, if ever, is my inheritor and I bequeath all unto him. Wm. L. B."
Quickly sober, extremely apologetic to the sheriff, he went digging, found the cache, one magnificent bar of gold. Thereafter, through all the territories, the new states, the old states, he escorted that bar of gold on the back of a mule named Maude. Though he mentally travelled alone, he always tied himself to some traveling group, counting on them for safety. He brought that bar of gold into Malden, Massachusetts, became the dump master of the city dump, and for years shaved, sawed, broke off or melted portions of that bar of gold into handy currency. He married a girl he had known in Ireland whom he met on a corner market in Chicago on the way east, eventually had nine children, told stories for the next 63 years, leaving a mark on all of his grandchildren. The bar of gold was his retirement fund.
Grandpa continued: "Oh, fault me for having misgivings about its attainment, in what manner he did get his hands on it, the questions banging on my conscience. I wondered about its acquisition early, but there were no markings on the bar at all. I determined it was not government formed or molded. In fact, it was a bit rugged in shape, like homemade bread, the kind that grandma pops up with about every day, as opposed to bakery-bought bread, like the Cushman's delivers off the truck doing the neighborhood rounds."
I could not let it all go so easily, curiosity gnawing at me. "But what made Blacklin so special, other than he had a saying for all games, like it was a warning? Don't you really think he stole it somehow, or won it in a game and who knows how that loser had come by it?" My mind was open to all the possibilities.
"Well, Bucko," he said, "the west in those days was like a day camp. There was a counselor, like a sheriff or a mayor, or sometimes a town council. There was a mess hall, like at the hotel or at a corner of a saloon, where things were said or voted on and carried out from, and often where justice sat without its robes. A general store had whatever provisions could come by wagon or by train, not expensive, sometimes rare but always necessary. Meat was made handy by the regional herds. Wheat and grains were raised and treated, baked and fried. Coffee and salt were necessities, almost like water. For information, we knew mostly what we saw or heard, whether actual or created. We were limited. But we had our places in the scheme of things."
"William Lear Blacklin had his place too. He lightened some dark days. He darkened some otherwise happy days. Stage-wise, often the center of attention, things turned on him, whether hero or anti-hero. He was like a hero-villain on the stage, a Robin Hood, a William Tell, a Jimmy Cagney or Errol Flynn in the celluloid. We might hate what he was doing or had done, but we enjoyed the hours in which he captivated us."
Grandpa, this one particular day on his summer porch on Main Street, leaned over and gave me that be-alert look, the one that said I'm letting you in on some grown-up stuff, so listen and remember. "There was a woman who kept company with the gambler." He smiled again, that adult smile at child education. "A beautiful lady I saw on a few occasions. She was called Cat-tail Sally and she seemed to be around every game that Blacklin played in, saloon or not. They called her Cat-tail Sally because she sashayed about like a kitten on the loose, her in red finery that few woman out that way had in their possession. But I learned from some observant gents, who'd been around longer than I had, that she could spot a cheat all the way across a smoky saloon."
"One night Cat-tail Sally was in a saloon with Big Nose Anna. That was a pair of opposites, I'll tell you," and added, raising his eyebrows, "like night and day, summer and winter, foul and fair, as the Good Bard has said on the occasion of the Three Wicked Sisters. It was about that time I heard from a couple of barkeeps that Alice had previously spoken funny words, had an odd usage of words, such as "The sow is on the loose, or the "Cow is in the room. They said she might sing it from across the room after a sashay or two around the card table. Some folks that day thought she was talking about Big Nose Anna who was no beauty to say the least. But each time such words were used, a cheat was challenged, drew his gun, was shot by Blacklin without a tear in his eye. Then, in each instance, an ace was pulled from the dead cheat's sleeve, or from his beltline. No cheater himself, Blacklin often spit on the man as he lay on the floor, his blood free as a river.
"I eventually figured it was some kind of code through which Cat-tail Sally let Blacklin know someone had an ace up his sleeve or on his person somewhere. Like SOW meant something like sign of white or slip of white, or COW meant card on wrist. Simple, sort of crazy, but easily a clue for Blacklin to look closer at the players.
"But that's the part that hurts, really. I let the cat out of the bag, so to speak. In my cups a bit before the wagon took me on as a customer, I told a gent what I had figured out. The next night, Blacklin ended up in jail, like it had been set up. I haven't gotten over it yet. I rode the wagon until it got back under my skin. That's the main reason I only have one bourbon a day with a boiled potato, for my lunch, thinking about my slip of the lip as the placards say about the war now."
I remember how his gaze would look elsewhere; out the window at the First Iron Works in America, down the twist of the river, down the coastline, onto a hard, long, dry road heading west, a card table in a small saloon, and Lear on stage, every minute on stage, the way the Old Bard set him up.
"Norcross," he said once near his end at 95, "was an invisible town."
I'm still trying to figure that out.


BECKLEY, W.Va. – An inmate at the Federal Correctional Institution at Beckley pleaded guilty today to possessing a weapon in prison, announced United States Attorney Carol Casto. Larry Antoine Smith, 49, entered his guilty plea to possession of a weapon by an inmate of the institution. Smith admitted that on September 28, 2015, he possessed a combination lock attached to a belt. The weapon was discovered when a prison staff member observed Smith swinging the belt. Smith further admitted that he attached the lock to the belt with the intention of using it as a weapon.
Smith faces up to five years in federal prison when he is sentenced on November 30, 2016.
This case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons. Assistant United States Attorney John File is handling the prosecution. The plea hearing was held before United States District Judge Irene C. Berger.


The Craftsman 96" Adjustable Workbench will be a great addition to any work space. The legs are adjustable in 1" increments between 32"-44" creating the perfect height work surface. The durable 1" Butcher Block work top provides a 2,304 square inches of work space. Integrated into the side of the workbench is a power strip with 4 outlets and 2 USB so you are always able to charge your tools and other electronic devices. There is also a side-mounted bottle opener that allows you to open up a beverage while you work.


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Archive -Feb 2017
By Jamuna Rangachari
Through the practice of forgiveness, Prana Violet Healing dissolves the cords that bind us to others and cause sickness and suffering, says Jamuna Rangachari
I heard of Mr. Siva and Prana Violet Healing (PVH) from a young mother whose autistic child had become much better due to the healing given to him and her by Mr. Siva using PVH. She has made this technique a part of her life and is vocal in her gratitude at having discovered it. It is rare that one comes across people who discover healing that everyone can practice and benefit from, and then dedicate their lives to creating more healers to minimize the agony and suffering in the world without expecting anything in return. One such person is Mr. Siva.
Auras, chakras, and cords
Mr. Siva, an engineer from Malaysia, had gone for an official visit to Indonesia and casually went to Borobudur, a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist monument in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia, which is the world's largest Buddhist monument in the world. He could sense a strong cosmic presence there and subsequently, something made him go there for 69 visits during the full moon. He had always wanted to help people so he prayed ardently to be shown a way to help especially the poor, in improving their physical, emotional and mental health. In July 2008, on his 35th full moon visit, he was asked to use the symbol of Borobudur and spread its message to everyone. Healing techniques were revealed to him as instantaneously as a transfer through blue tooth.
It was at this point that the design of the wand was transmitted to him, consisting of a stick on which the plastic replica of the symbol is attached.
Once guided on the complete healing process, he started spreading the message all over the world. The more healing he does, the more secrets are revealed to him, increasing his powers day after day.
In sum, the philosophy of Prana Violet Healing (PVH), as he named his therapy, revolves around the energy links we form with others in the course of our relationships. The cords, as he calls them, consist of the strong thoughts or emotions we emanate to each other and can be positive or negative, though generally speaking, it is the negative thought forms such as ego, jealousy, envy, anger, hurt, disappointment, revenge and lust that manifest as cords.
Sometimes cords may come from thoughts created by memories stored in the subconscious mind which may emanate to the other without the sender even being aware of it. For example, a cord could be coming to the heart chakra of a 65-year-old man from a girl whom he liked when he was 20, but never married. The girl could still be carrying that hurt in her subconscious mind and sending him cords. Cords can even come from those who are dead in the physical world. In other words, from souls, we knew in past lives.
In PVH, the aura or the energy body around us is sensed to see if there are cords that are coming to us or emanating from us.
Whatever the reason may be, some of which we may not even know, the solution in PVH is always reading the affirmations. The healing process comprises affirmations that fall in the categories of forgiveness to release the cords, and spirituality to make the divine connection strong. There is a special affirmation for women to release their emotional blocks.
The law of karma is the basis of PVH. As the cause of suffering is some action done knowingly or unknowingly by the affected person, according to the divine law, he must forgive before the prana violet can heal him.
Remarkable experiences of healing
Meera Kotak's aches & pains vanished within two days of practicing PVH
Meera Kotak, a healer and corporate trainer from Mumbai, heard about this therapy from a friend, who kindly taught it to her. She practiced it herself for a couple of weeks and then went to Nashik to learn more in 2016 end. At the end of two days, she found it to be a simple yet powerful tool. Hitherto, her spiritual growth had taken place mainly through spiritual organisations but now she learned to form a direct connection with God. "I felt freedom from many entangled cords connecting me to the various teachers. In just those two days, a lot of my aches and pains disappeared," she says. Now an ardent practitioner, she is deeply grateful to Mr. Siva as well as Deepa Padmanabhan who conducted the workshop.
Dhatri Pandya, a professor from Surat, attended the PVH workshop in Surat two years back. She was suffering from vertigo for the past two years which no medicine could cure when she attended the PVH workshop. "Mr. Siva sensed that the causes of vertigo were due to acidity and the presence of cords. Within seconds, my vertigo was healed," she says joyously. Even her nine-year-old son is now an ardent believer of PVH. "Once he was climbing a hill with his friends and when it suddenly started raining, they were a little scared. However, he chanted the relevant spiritual affirmation of the PVH and they all became more confident," she says, adding that he does not take any medicine for his cough, cold and digestion problem but asks her to heal him using PVH. She has also enabled her friend who was suffering from acidity heal by using the PVH approach of reading the affirmations.
Deepa Padmanabhan learned about Prana Violet Healing at the Life Positive Expo 2011, where Mr. Siva had taken a stall. Incidentally, he was a regular participant in the Expo for a few years. Soon after this, she attended his workshop and began teaching and healing many. She now conducts workshops in many parts of North India.
Among those who have healed is Greta Grace, 33, from Hyderabad, who went from pillar to post to get healed from an autoimmune disease, SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) that she contracted when she went to America to pursue her higher studies. In August 2011, she had a severe flare-up that left her swollen from head to toe. To her utter dismay, no medicine worked. It was at that time that she contacted Deepa, who was assisting Mr. Siva at the Prana Violet workshop in Kolkata and had stated that anything could be healed. She was guided by Deepa and Mr. Siva through Skype and phone and is now completely healed, which, doctors say, is a miracle.
Poonam Agarwal from Bengaluru learned PVH in November 2012 from Mr. Siva in Mumbai. After this, she has healed many people. For instance, her nephew, a medical student who had said he does not believe that affirmations can heal, started accepting it when he himself was healed from the wounds of an accident. Even her sister, Neelam, who is mentally retarded, has improved in leading a disciplined life after reading the affirmations and forgiving everyone through her subconscious.
Removing inexplicable cords
Apart from emotional baggage, cords can also manifest through black and white magic. On sensing the presence of cords, we can also discern whether they are black or white magic and if black, the level of their potency. White magic is essentially used as an instrument of spiritual control. It could be a strong thought sent by a guru to the disciple. Even this is not good as it means we have chosen these gurus as God over and above the real God who is our creator. This can become the greatest hindrance in the soul's spiritual path and direct connection to the Creator.
Black magic consists of sending very strong thoughts to hurt someone. There are six levels of black magic. The first level consists of dark energy where one sends intense negative thoughts to someone or to many; the second level is black energy emanating from a place of worship with the intention of hurting another; the third level is through the service of a tantric; the fourth level employs souls from the spirit world; and the fifth level uses the services of a black magician from the spirit world. Mr. Siva discovered the sixth level in Africa in 2016, when he came across black magicians eating the body parts of a sacrificed human or animal and capturing the soul for his black magic work.
Neeta Chopra, a housewife in Delhi, felt a lot of negative energy in her new apartment. She even felt things moving as if there was an earthquake every night. Her young daughter could sense this too. She was also grappling with severe arthritic pain. She attended a PVH workshop and was guided to forgive all the souls she had encountered, including the ones who were struggling to get released in her apartment. She did that, and within two weeks, there were no issues in her apartment. Slowly, her pain also started reducing. Today, she has made PVH a part of her life.
Tamil Selvi from Coimbatore, a young mother, was terrified of remaining alone even for a little while as a presence would come near her whenever she was alone. This presence would speak to her and touch her inappropriately. She felt completely violated but did not know what to do. She and her husband went to many tantriks, temples and performed many, many poojas but nothing brought her any relief. "I was so desperate that I even wished to commit suicide. Then a friend took me to a PVH healer who immediately sensed some cords and the presence of a male soul and sent my image to Mr. Siva who healed me within 10 minutes and guided me on what I needed to do," she says. He told her that she was possessed by a trapped male soul whom she may have hurt in a past life. He guided her on doing the forgiveness. She has now healed completely and is now a healer herself. Even her husband who was suffering from psoriasis for 30 years has now got 90 percent relief.
PVH has also successfully healed allergy to foods like cheese, curd, bread, potato, raw salad, almonds, saunf, papaya, guava, milk, egg, rice, peanuts, pineapple and so on.
Traveling to heal
Mr. Siva travels all over the world to make others heal, especially when there is a call for help. He has conducted classes in USA, Canada, Italy, Geneva, Russia, Barcelona, Madrid and Palma De Mallorca in Spain, UK, Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil, Mauritius, Singapore, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Senegal in Africa, Australia and New Zealand. During his visit to Africa, he could sense a lot of black energy, prompting him to determine to go there more often, as also South America. He had once conducted a workshop in Uruguay when one of the participants told him to go to Brazil as there was a lot of black magic there. The lady volunteered to be his interpreter and organised a workshop within two months. There, a young woman excitedly said, "I am suffering from black magic for many years which no one was able to remove. Eventually, a powerful medium in Brazil told me, 'One tall and dark man will come from a country outside South America; he is the only one who has the power to remove this black magic,'" she said. Even Mr. Siva got goosebumps hearing this. Sure enough, she was healed as were several others at the workshop. PVH has several teachers and healers in various countries.
Selfless in all respects
Prana Violet Healing is always provided free as Mr. Siva does not want money to be an impediment for healing. A donation box is kept but it hardly meets the costs. Still, his selfless attitude has drawn immense support from the Universe. Creditably, he did not want his photographs to be printed in the article but suggested instead that the symbol be used. May he continue to be a source of divine and selfless healing to the suffering world.


The Institute of Microelectronics & Optoelectronics (IMiO) evolved from the Chair of Radio Engineering established by Professor Janusz Groszkowski in 1929. In the present form it has existed since 1970. Our Institute is linked with the beginnings of the Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology through the person of Prof. Groszkowski, who worked in IMiO until his death, as well as the territory – half of the Institute is situated in the Building of Radio Engineering on the Warsaw University of Technology campus. Here Institute's Technology Centre and the Photovoltaic Centre are located. Institute's Technology Centre includes laboratories of silicon processing (clean-room), hybrid technologies and assembly techniques, fibre optic and integrated optoelectronic device fabrication, laser optoelectronics, characterization of new electronic and photonic materials and manufacturing processes. These laboratories developed their activities based on research projects financed by Polish government as well as those within 6th and 7th UE Framework Programme. The Photovoltaic Centre promotes the widespread use of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy as a realistic, reliable, and economic energy source to encourage the integration of PV energy into Poland's research, economy, and everyday life. In 2009 the institute acquired substantial financial means for state-of-the-art research equipment through Operational Programme Innovative Economy. As a result a cluster of 5 laboratories offering high quality scientific services in the field of advanced electronic and photonic technologies will be established in IMiO.
The Institute of Microelectronics & Optoelectronics consists of five divisions: Microelectronics and Nanoelectronics Devices Division; VLSI Engineering and Design Automation Division; Image and Microwave Photonics Division; Microsystem and Electronic Material Technology Division; Optoelectronics Division.


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A Fresh Linux For The Most Unexpected Platform – The Nintendo 64
January 1, 2021 by Jenny List 22 Comments
Though it was famously started by Linus Torvalds as "a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones", the Linux kernel and surrounding operating system ecosystems have been ported to numerous architectures beyond their x86 roots. It's therefore not unusual to hear of new ports for unsupported platforms, but it is extremely unexpected to hear of one when the platform is a games console from the mid-1990s. But that's what [Lauri Kasanen] has done, announcing a fresh Linux port for the Nintendo 64.
This isn't a Linux from 1996 either. The port builds on an up-to-date kernel version 5.10 with his N64 branch and a tantalising possibility that it might be incorporated into the main Linux source for the MIPS-64 processor architecture. That's right, the Nintendo 64 could be an officially supported Linux platform.
It would be stretching the story a long way to call this any kind of distro, for what he's produced is a bootloader that loads the kernel and creates a terminal with busybox loaded. With this on your flashcart you won't be replacing that Raspberry Pi any time soon, so why other than [Lauri]'s "because I can" would you be interested in it? He supplies the answer and it lies in the emulation scene, because having a Linux for the platform makes it so much easier to port other software to it. If this tickles your fancy you can see the source in his GitHub repository, and we're certainly looking forward to what the community will do with it.
We are more used to seeing the N64 as a subject for case-modding, whether it be as a handheld or a an all-in-one console.
Via Phoronix, and thanks [David Beckershoff] for the tip.
Header image: Evan-Amos, Public domain.
Posted in Linux Hacks, Nintendo Hacks, Software HacksTagged linux, MIPS-64, n64, nintendo 64
Is This The World's Smallest Nintendo 64?
December 25, 2020 by Jenny List 8 Comments
A niche activity in console fandom is the shrinking of full-size consoles to smaller formats, taking what could once only be played on the family TV into portable formats that fit in the pocket. In a particularly impressive example of the art, [GmanModz] has made what he claims is the world's smallest portable Nintendo 64. What makes it particularly noteworthy is that he's done it not with an emulator or a custom PCB, instead there is a real Nintendo 64 motherboard in there having undergone a significant quantity of trimming.
The video below the break goes into detail on the state of the art in these mods, and shows how he has eschewed the latest tech and instead restricted himself to only using commercially available breakout PCBs and off the shelf modules. The N64 board trimmed down particularly aggressively, requiring a lot of fine magnet wire soldering for the various PCBs replacing the parts removed. The cartridge slot is brought out to the back of the board at a right angle, jutting out from the rear of the 3D printed case above a space for an 18650 cell and allowing an original game cartridge to be played. There is a microcontroller to facilitate a few compromises on lesser uses of the Nintendo control pads, but the result is a fully playable mini handheld console. He does admit that "The battery life sucks, it's uncomfortable to hold […] But hey — it fits in my pocket. Does your N64?" We can't fault him on that.
This isn't the first portable N64 we've seen, but will it hold the title of smallest for long? Only time will tell.
Continue reading "Is This The World's Smallest Nintendo 64?" →
Posted in Nintendo HacksTagged n64, nintendo 64, portable game system
Dumping A N64 Development Cartridge Safely
November 2, 2020 by Lewin Day 7 Comments
Retro gaming enthusiasts have always had great interest in rarities outside the usual commercial titles. Whether they be early betas, review copies, or even near-complete versions of games that never made it to release, these finds can be inordinately valuable. [Modern Vintage Gamer] recently came across a pre-release version of Turok 3 for the Nintendo 64, and set about dumping and preserving the find. (Video, embedded below.)
With one-off cartridges like these, it's important to take the utmost care in order to preserve the data onboard. Simply slapping it into a regular console might boot up the game, but carries with it a non-zero chance of damaging the cart. Instead, the first step taken was to dump the cart for archival purposes. When working with a prototype cart, commodity dumpers like the Retrode aren't sufficient to do the job. [Modern Vintage Gamer] notes that a Doctor V64 or Gameshark with a parallel port could work, but elects to use a more modern solution in the form of the Ultrasave and 64drive.
With the cartridge backed up and duplicated onto the 64drive, the code can be run on a real console without risk of damage to the original. At first glance, the game appears similar to the final retail version. Analysis of the dump using a file comparison tool suggests that the only differences between the "80% Complete" ROM and the retail edition are headers, leading [Modern Vintage Gamer] to surmise that the game may have been rushed to release.
While in this case the dump didn't net an amazing rare version of a retro game, [Modern Vintage Gamer] does a great job of explaining the how and why of the process of preserving a vintage cartridge. We look forward to the next rare drop that shakes up the retro world; we've seen efforts on Capcom arcade boards net great results. Video after the break.
Continue reading "Dumping A N64 Development Cartridge Safely" →
Posted in Nintendo HacksTagged cartridge dump, n64, nintendo 64, ROM dump
N64 Power Adapter Works Around The World
October 29, 2020 by Lewin Day 6 Comments
Modern electronics such as phone and laptop chargers are pretty versatile no matter where you find yourself in the world. Capable of running off anything from 100-250V, all you need is a socket adaptor and you're good to go. Video game consoles of the 1990s weren't so flexible however. [MattKC] was tired of messing around with step down transformers to run his US market N64, and decided to rectify this, building a universal adapter to run the console instead.
It's a proper hacked build, assembled out of a jumble of old parts. An broken N64 power adapter was harvested for its case and unique DC plug, which carries 12V and 3.3V to the console. Few compact power supplies exist delivering this pair of voltages, so [MattKC] got creative. An old router was sourced for its 12V 2A supply, and was combined with a 3.3V buck converter to supply both rails. With some creative bodging and plenty of mounting tape, the supplies were crammed inside the original case and wired up to the original jack and a figure 8 cable, allowing easy socket changes in different countries without the use of ugly adapters.
While few of us routinely travel with 25 year old Nintendo consoles, for those that do, the convenience of a single universal supply can't be overstated. Fitting a step-down transformer into carry-on luggage simply isn't practical, after all. We've featured similar hacks as far back as 2006, or more recently, a project seeking to rebuild a new PSU for the venerable Amiga 500. Video after the break.
Continue reading "N64 Power Adapter Works Around The World" →
Posted in Nintendo HacksTagged nintendo 64, power adaptor, universal supply
Cube64 Puts The Good Controllers On The GoldenEye Console
October 1, 2020 by Lewin Day 7 Comments
The Nintendo 64 was lauded for bringing quality 3D graphics and analog stick controls to the console realm, way back in 1996. Unfortunately, those analog sticks were never very good; if you've ever played four player Mario Kart 64, you know how it feels to be stuck with that controller. For a superior experience, consider building an adapter and upgrading to the GameCube controller instead.
Cube64 is a project that allows GameCube controllers to work with the original Nintendo 64 hardware. Using a PIC18F14K22 in its DIY version, or a PIC18F24Q10 in the SMD version, it's the product of much work by [scanlime] and [darthcloud] to reverse engineer the N64 and GC controller protocols. The GameCube's many buttons and sticks allow for easy mapping to the N64's original button layout, and the hardware provides plenty of calibration options and maps to get things working exactly the way you like for the game you're playing.
Given that original N64 controllers are getting hard to come by, a GameCube upgrade is a great way to go. They'll likely be in production for years yet, thanks to the commercial influence of Super Smash Bros. Of course, the two consoles have been fine friends for years, as evidenced by this mashup console we featured back in the distant, peaceful past of 2013.
Posted in Nintendo HacksTagged controller, gamecube, nintendo 64
New Controllers On Old Nintendos With USB64
September 29, 2020 by Lewin Day 13 Comments
The Nintendo 64 made a big splash when it launched in 1996, not least of all for its innovative controller. Featuring a never-before-or-since seen trident design, and with an analog stick smack bang in the center, it changed what gamers expected from consoles from that day forward. Of course, those controllers are now much worse for wear, and technology has moved on somewhat. The latest development from [Ryzee119] aims to rectify this somewhat.
The result of that work is USB64, a tool designed to allow the use of USB controllers on the Nintendo 64. Using a Teensy 4.1, it builds upon earlier work to get the Xbox 360 controller working on the platform. However, the feature set has been greatly expanded, covering almost any use case imaginable. Mempacks are now efficiently emulated, and save files can be backed up to a PC via SD card. Additionally, the GameBoy Transferpak is emulated, meaning data can be transferred between GameBoy ROMs on an SD card and games on the N64. Even the N64 mouse is supported, and can be emulated with a regular USB mouse. Capable of doing all this for all four players, work is ongoing to increase the number of compatible aftermarket controllers for the utmost flexibility. [Ryzee119] also coded up a useful test ROM for the N64, which is invaluable when debugging controller hardware.
Console controllers take a lot of punishment, particularly from serious gamers, so we're always eager to see projects that allow modern replacements to be used with old hardware. We've featured other great projects in this area before, too!
Posted in Nintendo HacksTagged n64, nintendo 64, usb
Remote Code Execution On The N64
July 6, 2020 by Lewin Day 4 Comments
Some like to garden in their spare time, while others prefer to smoke cigars or fold complicated origami figurines. Security researcher [grifter] [CTurt] seems to enjoy cracking consoles instead, and had a go at exploiting the Nintendo 64 over an obscure modem interface.
The 1990s were a wild time, where games shipped in cartridges. This format opened up crazy possibilities to add additional hardware to the cartridge itself. Perhaps most famously, Nintendo packed in the SuperFX chip to enable 3D graphics on the Super Nintendo. Later on, the N64 game Morita Shogi 64 shipped with an entire telephone modem in the cartridge itself. The resulting exploit is therefore dubbed "shogihax".
Armed with a dodgy GameShark and a decompiler, [CTurt] set to work. Through careful parsing of the code, they were able to find a suitable overflow bug in the game when using the modem. Unlike more pedestrian savegame hacks, this not only allowed for the execution of arbitrary code but also the modem interface means that it's possible to continually stream more data to the console on an ad-hoc basis.
It's a great hack that takes advantage of a relatively accessible cartridge, rather than relying on more obscure hardware such as the N64DD modem or other rarities. We've seen other N64 homebrew hacks before, too. Video after the break.
Thanks to [grifter] for the tip!
Continue reading "Remote Code Execution On The N64" →
Posted in Nintendo HacksTagged modem, n64, nintendo, nintendo 64


Venice castle is a convenient homestay located in the heart of the scenic town of Alleppey which is famous for its serene backwaters. It is far removed from the hustle and bustle of the city and is surrounded by a forest-like environment that contributes to a countryside feel prevailing in the surrounding area. The homestay has deluxe AC and Non AC rooms that open to a spacious living and dining space.
"A homestay with clean and comfortable rooms that are value for money."
The homestay has clean and spacious rooms which you will certainly appreciate. Whether the location is good or not is quite debatable since there is a mosque and a temple nearby that may wake you up in the morning. But the place is close to other places in the town. The breakfast served is simple yet delicious but no dinner is served here. Another problem could be the mosquitoes. Make sure you take some mosquito repellent creams with you.
The compplimentary breakfast is delicious.
Conveniently located, close to the jetty.
Sounds from a temple and mosque nearby.
Mosquitoes may be a problem.
Dinner is not served at the homestay.
Alleppey is the most popular backwater destination in South India located on the banks of the Ashtamudi Lake. Venice castle is a homestay in Alleppey that serves as a convenient option for accommodation. It is surrounded by tall trees and lush greenery and a country-side environment can be enjoyed by the guests at the homestay. It has a well-mowed garden lit up with garden lights and the property itself has a beautiful landscape.
The homestay has a peaceful atmosphere and the only sound you will hear is the musical chirping of birds or the whistling of squirrels or the ringing of the soft bells from a temple nearby. The homestay is a newly built bungalow that features 4 AC Rooms and 1 Non-AC room. There is a common living and dining area which is quite spacious. The bungalow displays glimpses of traditional Kerala architecture and is managed by Mr. Matthew and his family.
Check-in Time 11:00 PM, Check-out Time 10:00 AM.
Houseboat cruise and accommodation can be arranged on request.
The homestay has 4 AC rooms and 1 Non-AC room. They showcase the traditional Kerala architecture with modern comforts. They have attached bathrooms with WC and 24-hour hot water facility. The rooms open to a spacious living area.
Choose rooms on the first floor for a nice balcony and good views.
The quality of rooms is also better on the first floor.
Venice Castle, Opposite DTPC Office, Behind Canara Bank, Boat Jetty Road, Alleppey, Kerala 688011.


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FMC becomes sole sponsor of National FFA Agriscience Research
by Crop Protection News Reports | Monday, Jul 27, 2015 @ 4:52pm
FMC Corp. has become the sole sponsor of the National Future Farmers of America (FFA) Agriscience Research - Plant Systems Proficiency Awards for 2015.
These awards recognize the achievements of high school students whose projects include both research and experimentation concerning the production of plants, animals and related processes.
"We continue to look for ways to encourage students -- our future crop growers -- now," said John Kasper, FMC Agricultural Solutions North America commercial business director. "Our expanded partnership with the National FFA Organization is one way we can spark their inquiring minds and encourage additional innovation."
All 7,665 local FFA chapters can participate in this award. In 2014, more than 200 students participated at the state and national level. The recognition includes independent studies as well as those students who may be cooperating on projects with others.
"Students must participate in a supervised agricultural experience (SAE) program in order to qualify for proficiency award entry. The SAE program allows agricultural students to gain valuable experience through participation in career and leadership skill-building activities. It's never too early to begin thinking about your experience selection and prepare for the award process," Kasper said.
SAE programs also involve planning and conducting scientific investigations. These investigations use the scientific method. Awards are made available to every FFA chapter across the country. Nationally, students are recognized with the FFA Agriscience Plant Systems Research Proficiency Award, which is sponsored by FMC.
Chapter-level awardees receive medals and certificates of recognition. Each state winner receives similar acknowledgement and a $250 cash award. Four national finalists each will receive a $500 cash award, and the national winner will receive the top award of $1,000.
"Practical learning by doing is accomplished from student participation in SAE programs," Glenn Sims, National FFA Foundation senior regional director, said. "We appreciate the growing support from FMC to help agricultural students across the country learn, explore undiscovered opportunities with plants and gain career success."
FMC representatives will participate in judging this year's national finalist entries and present the awards during the National FFA Convention Oct. 28-31 in Louisville, Kentucky.
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-Dr Chris Shaw, Neuroscientist and aluminum researcher at University of British Columbia, 2013.
Click for list of papers in this post.
The present article is concerned with the unique way that aluminum adjuvant nanoparticles (AANs) are transported around the body. The movement ("kinetics") of injected AANs is very different from the movement of ingested aluminum.
The problem is that AANs are not digested by the MF enzymes. Consequently, the AANs remain inside the MFs for a long time. The AANs can persist for years. MFs that consume the AANs become highly contaminated with aluminum, and spread the aluminum wherever they go. And they go everywhere in the body.
The MFs travel across the blood brain barrier (BBB) when there is inflammation in the brain. The MFs, once loaded with AANs, act like a Trojan Horse and carry the AANs into the brain. This is harmful, because the brain is very sensitive to aluminum.
The brain is extremely sensitive to aluminum. Concentrations of aluminum as low as 10-100 nano-molar can cause inflammation of brain tissue. 10 nano-molar is 270 nano-grams aluminum per liter. (nano = 1 billionth). Thats an amazingly low concentration.
A typical 1-year old infant has a brain weight of about 1000 grams. A 10 nano-molar concentration in 1000 grams contains 270 nano-grams (0.27 micrograms) of aluminum; a 100 nanomolar concentration in 1000 grams contains 2700 nano-grams (2.7 micrograms). This is extraordinary, because a single vaccine can contain 250 micrograms (250,000 nano-grams), and an infant can receive about 3,675 micrograms in the first 6 months. In other words, less than 0.01% of the aluminum in the first 6 months of vaccines can create a 10-nanomolar concentration in the brain, and 0.1% can create a 100-nanomolar concentration in the brain (since 3,675 x 0.01% = 0.3675 micrograms, and 3,675 x 0.1% = 3.675 micrograms)). A single vaccine contains more than enough aluminum to inflame the brain.
Of course, this assumes uniform distribution of the aluminum in the brain, which is not the reality. Al concentration in the brain is highly nonuniform. However, the above calculation establishes plausibility. The amount of aluminum in vaccines greatly exceeds the amount necessary to cause brain inflammation.
The scientific evidence for this "Trojan Horse" mechanism is unequivocal and overwhelming. Every step has been proven by multiple studies from well-known universities and government-funded laboratories: the ingestion of AANs by MFs, the movement of MFs into the brain, and the observation that MFs carry nanoparticles into the brain. Also, the entire process has been demonstrated. AANs injected into experimental animals have been detected and imaged in the brain. The ability of MFs to transport particles into the brain has even been used to deliver therapeutic drugs (formulated as particles) into the brain. The Trojan Horse mechanism is well etablished and recognized. It is not theoretical.