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- 2011 No.2
- Summer 2010
Where the Trees are a Desert explores the links between pollution trading and monoculture eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. The publication is a collaboration between Carbon Trade Watch and our partners in Brazil, FASE-ES. Where the Trees are a Desert explores the issues from the perspective of people living and struggling with plantations on the ground. Nov 2003
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The Sky is Not the Limit gives an overview of the issues around pollution trading and introduces the main issues such as; environmental justice, NGO co-optation and privatisation of the atmosphere. Also explored is the history of the UN process and who the key players are in the emerging emissions markets. Jan 2003
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NGO report busts the myths of the Emissions Trading Scheme
Scrap the EU-ETS	| Monday, 15 April 2013
Why it must be replaced with direct action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Brussels, April 15th– The European Parliament votes tomorrow on the European Commission's proposal to backload 900 million emissions permits within the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). This vote assumes the EU ETS can be reformed, but ahead of the vote, a new report shows that the problems of the EU ETS are systemic and unresolvable. Keeping this failed system in place would further delay real action for reducing emissions in Europe. The report "EU ETS myth busting: why it can't be reformed and shouldn't be replicated", has been published by several signatory organisations[i] from the "Time to scrap the ETS" declaration. It looks at a number of claims made in defence of the EU ETS and shows why they are not valid. A key myth is that is that the EU ETS has reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The slight decrease in emissions from 2008 and 2010 was in fact related to the economic crisis. There has been no real shift in the way energy is produced or used by industry. The EU ETS is incapable of triggering the transformation and regulatory actions necessary for a sustainable and just path that could be achieved through clear direct policies, explains the report. "The vote on backloading is the wrong debate. No amount of structural tinkering will get away from the fact that the EU has chosen the wrong tool to reduce emissions in Europe. It is inherently too weak to get the EU to where it needs to be in the necessary timescale. To achieve its goal of keeping the increase in global warming within two degrees centigrade, itself totally inadequate, the EU can no longer wait for the market to deliver.", says Hannah Mowat from FERN. Another myth busted in the report is that the EU ETS is a flexible and cost-effective tool to reduce emissions. "The question is, cost effective for whom? Businesses have managed to make windfall profits by passing costs onto consumers from permits to pollute which they got free of charge. In Phase I and II this was put down to market teething problems, but seven years on, these issues remain and are getting worse", states Belén Balanyá, from Corporate Europe Observatory. The report also pulls to pieces the idea of the EU ETS as an incentive to promote investment in cleaner energy solutions. It states that due to the massive over-allocation of permits, businesses have ensured that polluting has continued to be the cheapest option, and therefore, no noticeable investments were made in clean technologies or low-carbon solutions as a result of the ETS. "The EU must acknowledge that the ETS experiment has not worked. Trying to fix this scheme will in fact close the door to effective and fair climate policies. We need to replace it with real action that will bring about a just transition away from fossil fuel dependence and that leaves future generations with a fair chance of avoiding uncontrollable climate change", says Lyda Fernanda, from Transnational Institute.
DOWNLOAD the Report: http://scrap-the-euets.makenoise.org/eu-ets-myth-busting
- Hannah Mowat (FERN): +32 48 50 25 432
- Lyda Fernanda (TNI): +31 685086340
- Belén Balanyá (CEO): +31 633090386
[i]Alianca Redes de Cooperacao Comunitaria Sem Fronteiros Asociacion Ambiente y Sociedad, (Colombia), All India Forum of Forest Movements -AIFFM (India), ANPED, ATALC - Amigos de la Tierra América Latina y Caribe, Both ENDS (Netherlands), Carbon Trade Watch, CENSAT Agua Viva - Amigos de la Tierra Colombia, Centre for Civil Society (South Africa), COECOCEIBA - Amigos de la Tierra Costa Rica, Corner House, Corporate Europe Observatory, CounterBalance, Earth Peoples, Ecologistas en Acción (Spain), FERN, Food and Water Watch Europe, Friends of Siberian Forests (Russia), FASE, Friends of the Earth Brazil, Friends of the Earth Canada, Global Forest Coalition, Green Cross Society, Indian Social Action Forum (India), JA!Justica Ambiental - Friends of the Earth Mozambique, Movimento Mulheres pela P@Z!, NESPON (India), New York Climate Action Group, Observatori del Deute en la Globalitzacio (Catalunya), Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement, PIDHDD, Re:Common, REDES - Friends of the Earth Uruguay, SDE, School of Democratic Economics, Taller Ecologista, Timberwatch (South Africa), TNI, UKWIN, WISE, Woodland League, World Development Movement


The GeForce FX series graphics cards are supported under both the 32 bit and 64 bit versions of Microsoft Vista with the 96.85 WHQL drivers. Version 96.85 drivers are the final Windows Vista drivers for GeForce FX series graphics cards.
Click here for the Vista 32 version of the GeForce FX compatible driver.
Click here for the Vista 64 bit version of the GeForce FX compatible driver.
Please note that this applies only to the GeForce FX series.
For reference, here is a list of the GeForce FX based cards.


HydroScience has been providing services for Cache Creek Casino Resort's water supply and wastewater treatment facilities since 2002. The HydroScience designed facilities utilize several state-of-the-art membrane filtration and desalination technologies to produce extremely high water quality. The WWTP consists of a 350,000 gpd immersed membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment plant. Tertiary recycled water from the WWTP is reused on site for toilet flushing and golf course irrigation. The WTP consists of a 650,000 gpd water desalination treatment facility with electrodialysis reversal (EDR) membrane technology. The WTP was awarded the WateReuse Desalination Project of the year in 2009.


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Polymeric Materials in Medication
Charles G. Gebelein
Charles E. CarraherJr.
Part of the Polymer Science and Technology book series (POLS, volume 32)
Pages i-viii
Methodologies in Polymeric Medication
Tissue/Material Interactions of Biomedical Polymers
R. E. Marchant, J. M. Anderson
Polymer-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Science and Engineering
Yie W. Chien
Fibrous Delivery Systems for Antimicrobial Agents
R. L. Dunn, J. W. Gibson, B. H. Perkins, J. Max Goodson, L. E. Laufe
Evaluation of Membrane Suitability in Transdermal Drug Delivery
James L. Gaskill, Pramod P. Sarpotdar, Robert P. Giannini
Diffusion Controlled Release of Drugs from Coated Drug Polymer Complex
Y. Raghunathan, L. Amsel, O. Hinsvark, K. Rotenberg
Kinetics of Drug Release from Glassy Polymers: Effect of Initially Nonuniform Drug Distribution
Ping I. Lee
The Role of Polymer Matrix Structure and Interparticle Interaction in Diffusion-Limited Drug Release
Anna C. Balazs, Daniel F. Calef, J. M. Deutch, Ronald A. Siegel, Robert Langer
Polymeric Anticancer Agents — An Overview
Malay Ghosh, Sukumar Maiti
The Controlled Release of 5-Fluorouracil from Acrylate Copolymers of 1-(N-2-Ethylmethacrylcarbamoyl)-5-Fluorouracil Monomer
Robert R. Hartsough, Charles G. Gebelein
Halogenated Nucleic Acids: Biochemical and Biological Properties of Fluorinated Polynucleotides
J. L. Alderfer, R. E. Loomis, S. D. Soni, M. Sharma, R. Bernacki, R. Hughes Jr.
Toxicity and Tissue Distribution of MVE-2 in the Dog After Intravenous and Intraperitonal Administration
J. R. Baldwin, R. A. Carrano, A. R. Imondi, J. D. Iuliucci, L. M. Hagerman
Transformation of Mouse Fibroblast (T3T) Cells Employing the Oncogenic Simian Virus 40 (SV40) for Evaluation of Anticancer Compounds
David J. Giron, Mark J. Espy, Charles E. Carraher Jr.
Screening of Platinum II Polymines as Antitumor Drugs Employing Cell Differation of Normal and Transformed 3T3 Cells
David J. Giron, Mark J. Espy, Charles E. Carraher Jr., Isabel Lopez
Polymeric Derivatives of cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum II Analogs Based on Polyvinylamine-co-vinylsulfonate as Model Carriers in the Drug Delivery System
Charles E. Carraher Jr., Claredine M. Ademu-John, John J. Fortman, David J. Giron, Carolyn Turner, Raymond Linville
Soluble Excipients Assisting Dissolution of Drugs: Importance of Amorphous State
Josef Pitha
Polymeric Hydroxamic Acids for Iron Chelators Therapy
A. Winston, D. V. P. R. Varaprasad, J. J. Metterville, H. Rosenkrantz
Oxygen Species Chemistry of Osmium Carbohydrate Polymers
C. C. Hinckley, M. A. Islam, P. A. Kibala, J. L. Skosey, D. C. Chow, S. Liu
Synthetic Polymeric Inducers of Interferon
Ernest M. Hodnett
Polypeptides as Drugs
James M. Samanen
A Systematic Approach to Induce New Catalytic Activities in Proteins
S. Saraswathi, M. H. Keyes
Branched Polypeptides with a Poly(L-Lysine) Backbone: Synthesis, Conformation, and Immunomodulation
F. Hudecz, H. Votavova, D. Gaal, J. Sponar, J. Kajtar, K. Blaha et al.
The art of using chemical agents for medication dates back into antiquity, although most of the earliest examples used plants, herbs, and other natural materials. The old Egyptian medical papyri, which date from before 1400 B. C. , contain dozens of examples of such medicinal plants and animal extracts. In the Old Testament of the Bible, we can find references to using oil to soften the skin and sores (Isaiah 1:6), the use of tree leaves for medicine (Ezekiel 47:12) and various medical balms (Jeremiah 8:22). Not all these recipes were effective in curing the ailments for which they were used and sometimes the treatment was worse than the disease. Nevertheless, the art of using chemical derived agents for medicines continued to develop and received great impetus during the present century with the rise of synthetic organic chemistry. One of the most vexing problems has always been to achieve specifici ty with the medications. While some medical agents do indeed possess a relatively high degree of specificity, most agents are far more systemic than would be desired. Much of the research efforts to correct this deficiency has centered on modifying the chemical agents themselves. Unfortunately, there are severe limitations in this approach since minor modifications often drastically affect the therapeutic activity and can even render the drug completely ineffective, or worse.
cancer chemistry drug drug delivery immunomodulation interferon kinetics research toxicity
1.Youngstown State UniversityYoungstownUSA
2.Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonUSA
Materials & Steel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Current problems of the organization of international agricultural trade. Report of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Minister for Food, Agriculture and Forestry
Schriftenreihe des Bundesministers fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, A Angewandte Wissenschaft, German Federal Re ic (362): 68
After a preliminary review of current pressures on world agricultural trade, of the relation of EC agricultural policy to world market conditions and of the objectives of the current Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations, various possible approaches to the liberalization of agricultural trade are discussed.
Integration of EU agriculture into the world agricultural economy. Report of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Agenda 2000: the future way for agricultural policy? Short statement by the Scientific Advisory Council. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministeriums fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A, Angewandte Wissenschaft ( 476): 31 pp., 1998
The continuation of the EC milk market policy. Report of the Scientific Advisory Council to the Minister of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministers fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, A Angewandt Wissenschaft, German Federal Re ic (321): 41, 1985
Review of the persistent organochlorine pesticides. Report by the Advisory Committee on Poisonous Substances used in Agriculture and Food Storage to the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Minister of Health and the Secretary of State for Scotland. Review of the persistent organochlorine pesticides. Report by the Advisory Committee on Poisonous Substances used in Agriculture and Food Storage to the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Minister of Health and the Secretary of State for Scotland, London: H.M. Stationery Office, 68. Price: 4s, 1964
Great Britain. Review of the persistent organochlorine pesticides. Report by the Advisory Committee on poisonous substances used in agriculture and food storage to the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Minister of Health, and the Secretary of State for Scotland, February 1964. Great Britain. Review of the persistent organochlorine pesticides. Report by the Advisory Committee on poisonous substances used in agriculture and food storage to the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Minister of Health, and the Secretary of State for Scotland, February, London: H.M. Stat. Off., 68. Price: 4s. 6d,, 1964
The reform of agricultural policy in the EEC, report of the scientific advisory council of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Landwirtschaft Angewandte Wissenschaft (166): 1-59, 1973
Principles for the privatization of state owned agricultural and forestry lands through the treuhandanstalt agriculture and forestry section statement of the scientific advisory board federal ministry of food agriculture and forestry germany december 12 1990. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministeriums fuer Ernaehrung Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A Angewandte Wissenschaft (392): 38-49, 1991
The future organization of the agrimonetary system in the EU. Report of the Scientific Advisory Council of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministeriums fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A, Angewandte Wissenschaft ( 452): 74 pp., 1996
The use of the European unit of account in the EC agricultural policy. Report of the scientific advisory council to the Federal German Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Landwirtschaft Angewandte Wissenschaft (196): 52, 1977
Agricultural policy consequences of the implementation of the EC Single Market by 1992. Report of the Scientific Advisory Council to the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministers fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A, Angewandte Wissenschaft ( 384): 150pp., 1990
Organisation and financing of agricultural research and development, together with the response by the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food to the First Report from the Agriculture Committee 1982-83 (HC (1982-83) 38-I), and the Proceedings of the Committee. House of Commons Paper, Session 1983-84, UK (381): 22, 1984
Regulatory policy principles for the agricultural and food industry in the gdr germany statement of the scientific advisory board federal ministry of food agriculture and forestry may 4 1990. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministeriums fuer Ernaehrung Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A Angewandte Wissenschaft (392): 3-9, 1991
Report of the advisory committee of marine resources research working party on food and agriculture organization rome italy regional fisheries councils and commissions supplement 2 to the report of the 5th session of the advisory committee of marine resources research. FAO (Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) Fisheries Reports 56(SUPPL 2): 1-26, 1968
Review of the persistent organochlorine pesticides. Supplementary report by the Advisory Committee on Pesticides and other Toxic Chemicals to the Secretary of State for Education and Science, the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Minister of Health and the Secretary of State for Scotland. Review of the persistent organochlorine pesticides. Supplementary report by the Advisory Committee on Pesticides and other Toxic Chemicals to the Secretary of State for Education and Science, the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, the Minister of Health and the Secretary of State for Scotland, London, H.M.S.O., iv+8. Price: 1s. 3d,, 1964
Strategies for environmentally friendly agriculture: Report of the Scientific Committee of the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministeriums fuer Ernaehrung Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A Angewandte Wissenschaft 0(414): 1-71, 1992
Reducing nitrogen emissions of agriculture. Report of the Scientific Committee to the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry. Schriftenreihe des Bundesministers fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten Reihe A, Angewandte Wissenschaft ( 423): 27pp., 1993


I'd heard excellent things about this book, but even so, I wasn't quite prepared to love it as much as I did.
The setting of the novel is officially in the 1950s, but most of the action takes place in the main character's memories – in the 1920s and 1930. Stevens, the butler in Darlington Hall, pays little attention to the Germanophile politics of the master he serves.
The Remains of a Day is short, and therefore it allows one to appreciate the gentle nuances in subject and tone throughout the whole. It reminds me of a perfectly executed piano concerto – there is so much balance and harmony between the different plotlines The unreliable first-person narration creates a tension between appearance and reality, which is reminiscent of the role perception plays in our experience of life. Last but not least, Remains of a Day is not simply a sentimental story about the mistakes we must pay for throughout our lives, but also a comedy of manners. And in all this, it is exceedingly subtle.
Stevens's is obsessed with being the perfect butler – and his soliloquies on the subject of 'dignity' are at times amusing, at times simply too disturbing to be contemplated. It is entertaining to watch him deceive himself as to the true nature of his feelings – until we realize with some bitterness that one practices the same kind of self-deception on oneself.
In short, this is definitely the best work by Ishiguro that I have read so far. And it is a masterpiece in its own right.
It is indeed a masterpiece! I'd also highly recommend the film adaptation with Emma Thompson and Anthony Hopkins.
I watched the trailer for it and it looks fantastic- thank you!
So so glad you ended up loving this- I really liked it too! I adored the subtlety and characterisation too. Great review!


We're proud at Cambridge Book Review Press to have published Judy Endow's 2006 book, Making Lemonade: Hints for Autism's Helpers (with wonderful illustrations by Ben Averill and terrific cover and layout by graphic designer Nancy Zucker). Judy has since moved on to Autism Asperger Publishing Company, with whom she continues to publish and to grow her readership. We want to thank AAPC for producing a series of promotional videos for Judy's books, particularly the video posted here for Making Lemonade. The production is first-rate and it's a joy to see and hear Judy read one of the poems from her book.
Cambridge Book Review Press author Judy Endow (Making Lemonade: Hints for Autism's Helpers) was recently profiled in the New York Times. Story includes photos and an audio interview. Congratulations, Judy!


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Sponsored	Global
Simon Wiesenthal's granddaughter leads march marking 75 years since Mauthausen's liberation
By	Larry Luxner	 March 2, 2020 1:49 pm
Dozens participate in a memorial ceremony at Mauthausen, the sprawling Nazi concentration camp that held nearly 200,000 prisoners during the Holocaust, including famed Nazi-hunter-to-be Simon Wiesenthal, March 1, 2020. (Larry Luxner)
MAUTHAUSEN, Austria (JTA) — Under a bright blue sky, with Austria's snow-capped Alps in the distance, Racheli Kreisberg set foot for the first time in her life inside Mauthausen — the sprawling Nazi concentration camp that held nearly 200,000 prisoners between 1938 and 1945.
Fewer than half of the inmates sent here survived World War II. One of them was Kreisberg's grandfather, Simon Wiesenthal — an architect by profession who later would become the world's most celebrated Nazi hunter.
On Sunday, Kreisberg led a moving ceremony to mark the 75th anniversary of the camp's 1945 liberation by U.S. forces. The event at Mauthausen — a two-hour drive west of Vienna — capped a weekend of Jewish learning, culture, music and socializing organized by Limmud FSU, a Jewish educational organization that brings together Russian-speaking Jews throughout the globe. This was the second time that the organization, which was founded in 2006, held a Limmud FSU festival in Western Europe, following an event in London in 2017.
Holding aloft signs reading "Never Forget, Never Again," participants marched silently past the barracks that housed prisoners — Jews as well as non-Jews from 28 countries — and beside solemn memorials erected after the war by the governments of some of those countries, including France, Italy, Spain, Luxembourg and the Soviet Union.
Arriving at a 16-foot high, black stainless-steel menorah erected in memory of the 38,120 Jews who died at Mauthausen, the group lit candles as the chief cantor of Vienna, Shmuel Barzilai, sang "Ani Ma'amin" (I Believe) and chanted prayers for the 6 million victims of the Holocaust.
"In February 1945, my grandfather arrived here, the last station of the death march," said Kreisberg, 53, who flew in from Israel for the commemoration. "Upon his arrival, he was too weak and ill to work in the stone quarries, so he was sent to the so-called camp hospital, the place to die. But against all odds, he survived, weighing only 35 kilograms" — 77 pounds.
Soldiers of the 11th Armored Division of the Third U.S. Army liberated the camp on May 5, 1945. After the war, Wiesenthal offered to help the Americans identify Nazi perpetrators and their collaborators. Reunited with his wife, Cyla, who had survived forced labor in Germany, Wiesenthal, then 37, moved to the nearby city of Linz and began his life's work.
"One of the first apartments where he lived, in Linz, was located on the same street as the wife of Adolf Eichmann. This was the beginning of a 15-year-long search for the architect of the Final Solution — the massive, planned attempt to exterminate all the Jews," Kreisberg said.
"He also contributed significantly to combat Holocaust denial by searching and identifying the policeman who arrested the family of Anne Frank in Amsterdam," she said, referring to Karl Silberbauer. "In the course of his 96 years of meaningful life, Simon Wiesenthal brought 1,100 Nazis and collaborators to justice."
Wiesenthal died in 2005. Both the Los Angeles-based Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Vienna Wiesenthal Institute for Holocaust Studies are named for him.
At a ceremony marking the 75th anniversary of Mauthausen's 1945 liberation by U.S. forces, participants marched silently past the barracks that housed prisoners, March 1, 2020. (Yevhen Zavhorodnii)
"We are here today to honor the memory of Simon Wiesenthal and to mourn the loss of so many innocent victims," Chaim Chesler, founder of Limmud FSU, said at Sunday's ceremony. "We at Limmud FSU are proud to commemorate his life's work after the war in his pursuit of Nazi criminal, and his devotion to exposing them and tracking them down."
Veronika Ioffe's grandfather, Nandor Klein, also survived the horrors of Mauthausen.
"He was brought to Auschwitz at the beginning of the war. He was only 14," said Ioffe, who was born in Belarus but lives in Germany, where she's active in Limmud FSU. "The Nazis made him decide whether to go with his mother or his father. He said he would go with his father; this was also his mother's choice. He was lucky. If he had stayed in Auschwitz, he would have died."
This was the second visit to Mauthausen for Ioffe, a 31-year-old scientist; the first was in 2017.
"I didn't expect to come back to this place, but some people in our group had never visited," she said. "I'm full of emotions today — sad, of course, but also happy to meet Racheli Kreisberg and proud that some people like our grandfathers survived, and that life goes on."
New York businessman and philanthropist Matthew Bronfman, the chairman of Limmud FSU, used the occasion to condemn the indifference of world leaders and ordinary people who turn a blind eye toward anti-Semitism in Europe today.
Limmud FSU founder Chaim Chesler, Limmud FSU chairman Matthew Bronfman, chief cantor of Vienna Shmuel Barzilai, and Joel Rappel, founder of the Elie Wiesel archive, left to right, participate in a ceremony in Austria marking 75 years since the liberation of the Mauthausen concentration camp, March 1, 2020. (Yevhen Zavhorodnii)
"For evil to flourish, it only requires good men to do nothing," said Bronfman, quoting the famous adage. "Standing here today, at the outskirts of the lively market town that goes by the same name as this dreadful place, watching over the picturesque villages residing on these beautiful hills, one cannot truly comprehend how so many others chose to stand on the sidelines of history, doing nothing and saying nothing."
He added, "And so, this is one of the important lessons we can learn: to do everything in our power to educate the future generations. Never stand aside while injustice is taking place in front of you. Always take sides, and always speak up."
Bronfman ended by quoting another Holocaust survivor, writer and Nobel Prize laureate Elie Wiesel. Joel Rappel, a close friend of Wiesel and the founder of his archive, was among the participants in Sunday's ceremony.
"'We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented. The opposite of love is not hate, it's indifference,'" he said. "Never forget. Never again."
This article was sponsored by and produced in partnership with Limmud FSU, which nurtures open, pluralistic, dynamic learning platforms across the world for Jews of all ages and backgrounds with roots in the former Soviet Union, while embracing the Jewish intellectual, cultural and religious traditions grounded in this shared experience. This article was produced by JTA's native content team.
More from Limmud FSU
By	Cnaan Liphshiz	 January 21, 2022 8:21 am
Jewish philosopher Emmanuel Levinas is honored in a Lithuania still grappling with the Nazi era
27% of religious hate crimes in Sweden target its tiny Jewish community
Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla awarded Genesis Prize for work developing coronavirus vaccine
By	Cnaan Liphshiz	 January 17, 2022 11:23 am
Who is Aafia Siddiqui, the prisoner whom the Colleyville synagogue hostage-taker reportedly wanted to free?
By	Asaf Shalev	 January 15, 2022 10:36 pm


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Tax Issues
Business and Corporate Transactions
Depreciation of Component Parts of Nonresidential Real Property
[Some Items are Depreciable over Less Than 39 Years]
Business buildings generally have a 39-year depreciation period (27.5 years for residential rental properties). However, some items of nonresidential business real property that are, seemingly, "part of the building" can, nevertheless, be depreciated over a far shorter period.
Generally, the speedier depreciation is available for items that service the machinery and equipment used in a building, but are not available for items that are used for the overall operation and maintenance of the building; to wit, "Faster Depreciation Items".
Thus, for example, instead of being depreciated over a 39-year period, the costs of the building's electrical system, to the extent that the costs are allocable to running the building's business equipment, would be depreciable as follows: 50% bonus depreciation in the year that the system was placed in service, with the remaining cost written off in that year and the remainder written off over a seven (7) year depreciation period.
A study must be completed by an engineering company to identify Faster Depreciation Items; to wit, a "Cost Segregation Study", in order to justify the increased deductions.
If a building owner has already begun depreciating these Faster Depreciation Items as a part of the general (39-year) depreciation of the building, IRS will consent to a change in accounting method per an IRS "automatic accounting method change". There will be a one-time downward adjustment in the building owner's income, equal to the amount of the unclaimed depreciation.
The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"), further, made the practice of identifying such Faster Depreciation Items more significant. Specifically, the TCJA generally allows for the immediate expensing of most personal property, and removes the prohibition on applying bonus depreciation to used assets.
The change in accounting method for Faster Depreciation Items must be done in conjunction with the assistance of construction experts who are experienced in identifying and substantiating the qualifying costs, for purposes of the aforesaid Cost Segregation Study.
Additionally, as with any change in accounting method, there must be a positive judgment of the taxpayer as to whether the benefit of the changes of the Cost Segregation Study is greater than the costs of making the change.
As is generally known, there are certain IRS penalties for taking unsubstantiated tax positions. In the area of a building's Faster Depreciation Items, the application by IRS of such penalties would include not only the taxpayer and the taxpayer's tax return preparer - - but also the preparers of "Cost Segregation Study".
IRS, in Chief Counsel Advice 201805001, describes a taxpayer who was provided with a Cost Segregation Study from an engineer-consultant who had no direct role in preparing tax returns. Rather, the consultant provided his report to the taxpayer, which was then to be used in the preparation of tax returns. The Cost Segregation Study divided a business property, depreciable over 39 years, into various components - - many with shorter (5-year) depreciation lives.
Upon review by IRS, it was found that the cost study significantly front-loaded depreciation by classifying structural building components as 5-year property. IRS determined that the study's front-loaded depreciation should not simply be corrected on the taxpayer's returns, it determined that the problems with the study were serious enough that the study's preparer should be penalized. This was based on Section 6701(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code, which states that penalties may apply to any person "who aids or assists in, procures, or advises with respect to, the preparation or presentation of any portion of a return, affidavit, claim, or other document".
Naturally, the choosing of a responsible engineering firm, which is experienced in preparing Cost Segregation Studies, should avoid such penalties.
A leading court case in the area, Hospital Corporation of America, 109 T.C. 21 (1997), held that statutory language in the sections of the Internal Revenue Code, which allow for depreciation, intend to maintain the differences between a building's components classified as real property, and a building's components classified as personal property. Congress did not intend, the case held, that all assets connected to a building should be defined as structural components depreciated over the general building's lengthy 39-year cost recovery period.
Finally, the Federal income tax regulations, in Example 9 of Section 1.446-1(e)(2)(iii), further add credence to the practice of cost segregation for commercial building depreciation:
"In Year 1, T purchased a building for $10,000,000, and placed the building in service in his business. T classified the building, for depreciation (MACRS) purposes, as nonresidential real property, and began to depreciate the building over a 39-year recovery period that generally applies to nonresidential real property, using the straight-line method. In Year 4, T completes a cost segregation study and identifies $1,500,000 of the $10,000,000 cost of the building as an amount attributable to items that are section 1245 property (i.e. personal property items that are not structural components of the building and, thus, are not section 1250 property that, in turn, must be treated as nonresidential real property (and, hence, depreciable over 39 years). The reclassified items should have been classified in Year 1 as 5-year property, and, thus, depreciated as 5-year property in Years 1, 2, and 3. Thus, in Year 4, T changes to depreciating the items, that cost $1,500.000 in Year 1, as 5-year property…" (and, thus, subject to faster depreciation).
Once again, such a change in depreciation method should be backed up by a responsible Cost Segregation Study.
Jerry Bigelman
30100 Telegraph Road, Suite 428
Bingham Farms, MI 48025
Phone (248) 514-9043 Email jbigelman@bigelmantaxlaw.com
© 2023 Bigelman Tax Law Powered by


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Special Session Set for September 3
Posted By Joseph N. Molina III, Tuesday, August 6, 2013
For the 22nd time in Kansas history the Kansas Legislature will reconvene in Topeka for a Special Session. This is the fourth time that the Legislature returned for a special session since agreeing to meet yearly in 1967.
The primary reason for this unique experience is to debate changes to Kansas' "Hard 50" sentencing statute. Earlier this summer, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that "any element that increases the mandatory minimum is an 'element' that must be submitted to the jury." See full text of Alleyne v. U.S., 133 S. Ct. 2151 (2013). In Kansas the trial judge decides whether the "Hard 50" sentence is appropriate; however, to comply with this new ruling, the Kansas Legislature will have to adopt a rule change allowing the jury to be the fact finders in "Hard 50" circumstances. See https://governor.ks.gov/media-room/media-releases/2013/07/26/governor-brownback-calls-special-legislative-session.
While this appears to be a simple and quick rule change, a number of other issues have been thrown into the mix that may require the Legislature's attention. For instance, Kansans for Life would like the Legislature to take up a fetal heartbeat law that failed to pass during the regular session. See http://www.shawneedispatch.com/news/2013/jul/29/kansas-abortion-group-sees-opportunity-special-ses/. This may be a hard sell since leadership has already taken that issue off the table. See http://cjonline.com/news/state/2013-07-29/special-session-abortion-table-court-seat-play. However, Kansans for Life is a very influential group that may be able to change enough minds and force the leadership's hand.
Quick Take:
President Barack Obama has nominated Kansas Supreme Court Justice Nancy L. Moritz for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. Justice Moritz has served as a justice of the Kansas Supreme Court since 2011. During her career, she has handled a broad array of legal matters before both state and federal courts as an assistant U.S. attorney in the District of Kansas, an appellate coordinator for the District, and as a member of the Kansas Court of Appeals. Justice Moritz was born in Beloit and was raised in the small community of Tipton. She received her bachelor's degree from Washburn University in Topeka in 1982 and her juris doctorate from the Washburn University School of Law in 1985.
The most public issue to date is the possible truncated confirmation of the 14th Court of Appeals judge. The newly enacted law requires the governor to name a candidate for the vacant 14th position by Thursday, August 29. To date, the governor has declined to share the names of any applicants and the ABA recently issued a statement disputing Gov. Brownback's take on appellate selection. See http://cjonline.com/news/2013-07-30/aba-disputes-brownbacks-take-judicial-selection.
Should the governor utilize the statutorily allotted time to select a candidate, the Senate Judiciary Committee would have less than six days to convene a committee hearing, request public input, collect relevant information on the candidate and hold a committee hearing before the start of the Special Session on Tuesday, September 3. This would appear to be a very quick turnaround for a significant position within the third branch of government. However, Sen. Jeff King, Senate vice president and chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee, has stated that he intends on completing a thorough review of the candidate. How quickly this review is accomplished is the main question.
Needless to say several news articles and editorials find the summer confirmation of a Court of Appeal's judge using this new process curious.
See Ottawa Herald, Special session coincides with Brownback agenda
http://ottawaherald.com/opinion/080113editorial
See also Lawrence Journal-World, Editorial Special timing
http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2013/jul/31/editorial-special-timing
See also The Hutchinson News,Session shenanigans
http://www.hutchnews.com/Editorialblogs/edit-special-session
See also Hawver's News Company, Pulling the rabbit from the hat
http://www.hawvernews.com/pulling-the-rabbit-from-the-hat/
Even with the public paying special attention, the outcome seems to be inevitable and the governor's selection should earn quick confirmation. However, the new selection process once deemed to be more open and representative appears less so.
Tags: Alleyne Brownback Hard 50 Moritz Special Session


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Dems Begin New Progressive Push At State Level
11.12.2014 | Daily Surge |
Liberal activists are fundraising for a new organization dedicated to recouping Democratic losses and pushing a progressive agenda at the state level, following big Republican gains last week.
With the help of favorable redistricting and well-organized and well-funded conservative groups like the American Legislative Exchange Council, which models and pushes pro-business, free-market policies in statehouses, Republicans have dominated policy at the state level in recent years.
They now control a record two-thirds of all statehouses, the entire legislature in 31 states and the entire state government in 23 states. Democrats, by contrast, control just 11 legislatures and the entire state government in 6 states. (RELATED: GOP Makes Record Gains At State Level)
"[Republicans] made a sound strategic decision to prioritize activity at the state level and they beat us to the punch," Paul Booth, an official at American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees told Politico. "They were smarter than we were."
Booth is working with President Obama's former liaison to the states, Nick Rathod, to create the State Innovation Exchange, which will craft and push progressive policies in state houses in the style of ALEC, including raising the minimum wage, increasing environmental protection and union power, and fighting voter ID laws.
Rathod is pitching SiX this week at an annual winter meeting of top Democratic donors put together by the Democracy Alliance, reported Politico. A copy of the club's playbook for the spring meeting leaked this year revealed a network of secret-money groups with a sophisticated plan involving voter databases to spend money on behalf of Democratic candidates nationwide.
Getting the club on board would be a boost for SiX, but will likely take some convincing, since the importance of obscure state battles isn't obvious. ALEC is taking the whole thing as a compliment. "The creation of progressive duplicates of the American Legislative Exchange Council is an indicator that states matter and that the ALEC model of engagement is sound," Lisa B. Nelson, ALEC CEO, told The Daily Caller News Foundation.
If a given policy works out well, other states and national politicians are much more likely to replicate it. Kansas Gov. Sam Brownback was reelected by a narrow margin after passing controversial tax cuts in Kansas, and Gov. Scott Walker was reelected after taking on powerful unions in Wisconsin. Those wins are a signal to politicians those policies can be successfully implemented and are politically feasible.
"Progressives are looking around to figure out where to go to push back, and there has not been a vehicle to do that at the state level," Rathod told Politico. It's the biggest missing piece in the progressive infrastructure."
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Q: infinitely differentiable function $\exp(-1/(x^2(1-x)^2))$ Given the function :
$f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ defined as
$f(x) = \begin{cases}\exp(-1/(x^2(1-x)^2)) &\text{for $x\in (0,1)$} \\0 &\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
How can I formally show that this function is infinitely differentiable?
This function is clearly quite difficult only on $(0,1)$ and given that $\exp(x)' = \exp(x) \cdot x'$ we have that $(-\frac{1}{x^2(1-x)^2})' = \frac{2\left(2x-1\right)}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^3}$ and this tells me that the derivative will always be of the form "exponential times fraction of polynomials". Should I use induction? Are there any cases I should watch out for?

A: Here's a solution to show that $f$ is infinitely differentiable at $x = 0$.

By definition
$$ f'(0) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(h)-0}{h}$$
the limit from the left is clearly $0$ so consider $h \in (0,1)$.
Notice that forall all $x \in (0,1)$ we have
$$ \frac{-1}{x^2(1-x)^2}<\frac{-1}{x^2} < \frac{-1}{x}.$$
Therefore $$0<  \frac{1}{x}\exp\frac{-1}{x^2(1-x)^2} < \frac{1}{x} e^{-1/x}$$
and we have that $f$ is differentiable at $0$ with $f'(0) = 0$  since $1/xe^{-1/x} \to 0.$

We now show that higher order derivatives at $0$ exists and are equal to $0$. That is  $f^{(k)}(0) = 0.$ We will rely on induction.
We've already shown the base case $f'(0) = 0.$
Assume that $f^{(k)}(0) = 0$ then
$$ f^{(k+1)}(0) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f^{(k)}(h)- f^{(k)}(0)}{h} = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f^{(k)}(h)}{h}.$$
The limit from the left is clearly $0$ so consider what happens for  $h \in (0,1).$
I make the following claim which can easily be proven by induction

Claim: Let $g(h) = \frac{-1}{h^2(1-h)^2}.$ $$(e^{g})^{(k)} = Q_ke^{g}$$ for some rationnal function $Q_k$

It follows that
$$\frac{f^{(k)}(h)}{h} = \tilde Q_k(h) \exp {g(h)}$$
for some rationnal function $\tilde Q_k = Q_k/h$. By what was done previously we have
$$ \vert \tilde Q_k(h) \exp g(h) \vert \leq \vert \tilde Q_k (h)\exp \frac{-1}{x}\vert$$
by definition we can find $a_i, b_i$ such that
$$ \tilde Q_k(h ) = \frac{b_nh^n + ... + b_1h + b_0 }{a_mh^m +... + a_1h + a_0}$$
If $a_0  \neq 0$ then $\tilde Q_k \exp{-1/x}$ converges to $0$ and we are done.
If $a_0 = 0$ then we can factor out a power of $h$, $h^l$ in the denominator. By taking $l$ as large as possible for this property we have
$$ \lim_{h \to 0} h^{l+1} \tilde Q_k(h) = 0$$
Hence for $h$ small enough we have $\vert \tilde Q_k(h)\vert < \vert \frac{1}{h^{l+1}}\vert$
Therefore for small values of $h$ we have
$$ 0 \leq \left\vert \frac{f^{(k)}(h)}{h}\right \vert \leq \left\vert \frac{1}{h^{l+1}}e^{-1/h}\right\vert.$$
Since the RHS converges to $0$ as $h \to 0$ we deduce that
$$ f^{(k+1)}(0) = 0.$$

To show smoothness at $x = 1$ I suspect (haven't checked) you can use similar arguments but by using the inequality
$$ \exp \frac{-1}{x^2(1-x)^2} \leq \exp \frac{-1}{1-x}$$
and factoring out powers of $(1-h)$ instead of powers of $h$ in the latter part.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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May 21, 2020 12:20PM EDT
Savage x Fenty Announces Megan Thee Stallion as a Brand Partner in Summer 2020 Campaign
By Madeleine Crenshaw
Madeleine Crenshaw
More Stories By Madeleine
Most Expensive Shoes of All Time Will Leave You Stunned — and Jealous
Kanye West, Diane Von Furstenberg and More: The Most Memorable Quotes From the FNAAs
11 Best Crocs for Women That Are Stylish & Comfortable
CREDIT: David Buchan/Rex Shutterstock
Savage x Fenty has tapped breakout star Megan Thee Stallion as its latest brand partner.
The "Hot Girl Summer" and "Savage" singer stars in the Rihanna-backed lingerie brand's latest social media campaign titled #SavagexTheeStallion. The music artist took to Instagram to post the news.
https://www.instagram.com/p/CAc-NW-FyWq/
In the series of promo images, Stallion wears the T-shirt Bra and Booty Short in Black Caviar as well as the Balconette Bra and Side Tie Undie in Yellow Sunflower. Savage x Fenty's summer '20 collection has inclusive sizes that range from 32A to 42H and XS to 3X. It is retailed for $13 to $105. Fans can now shop the latest drop online at SavageX.com and Amazon.com.
Despite the unexpected downtime the pandemic has brought forth, Stallion has been on the rise. Her song "Savage," has become a viral sensation when it was released in March — and got another boost in the song's remix with Beyonce, released in April
The song just hit the No. 1 spot on Billboard's R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay chart. The catchy tune has also drummed up a dance challenge on TikTok titled #SavageRemixChallenge, which encourages fans to get creative while having fun during these unprecedented times.
https://www.instagram.com/p/B_54HrilZ-C/
Fenty


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Mar 4, 2020 / Catherine Martellini
Virtual Reality and Felix & Paul Studios: A Tale of Two Growth Curves
Ever since its 2013 inception, Felix & Paul Studios has been transforming immersive entertainment. The studio has more than 25 virtual reality (VR) works to its credit, and its rapid growth has been driven in part by the VR industry's own. The sector is expected to reach US$48.2 billion in revenues worldwide by 2022. Here's a look at the studio's ― and the industry's ― evolution, in three acts.
Virtual reality goes back further than one would think. First there was the Sensorama, which was invented by Morton Heilig in 1956. The first virtual reality headset came out in 1961, followed by the first flight simulator in 1970. Then there were commercial failures by Nintendo in 1989, and Sega in 1993.
Only in 2010 did Palmer Luckey, an 18-year-old American entrepreneur, launch a prototype for the Oculus Rift VR headset. Two years later, he raised US$2.5 million on crowdfunding platform Kickstarter. Another two years later, Luckey was bought out by Facebook.
Felix & Paul Studios was officially founded during this period of "rebirth" for virtual reality. However, co-founders Félix Lajeunesse and Paul Raphaël had already begun to explore immersive entertainment a few years earlier.
Before Oculus
Having completed studies in cinematography at Concordia University, Félix Lajeunesse and Paul Raphaël were both fascinated by the cinematic mechanisms used to fully immerse viewers in a story.
"We observed that when a film offered effective storytelling and character identification, viewers became attached to it and felt a sense of immersion throughout the story," confided Félix Lajeunesse during Felix & Paul Studios' Festival du nouveau cinéma Masterclass, in the fall of 2019.
Experiential films were able to achieve the same effect, but by using other strategies. "We mean by this films that offer a space for the viewer to feel present in a cinematic experience and in which the story and characters are truly at the service of the experience and not the other way around," he added.
Three specific films motivated the creative duo to delve deeper into this experiential aspect. The first one is 'Tokyo Story' (1953), in which director Yasujirō Ozu used the camera as a stand-in for viewers. "If you watch this film, chances are you'll forget its characters, but not how it made you feel," Lajeunesse stated.
The same process is used in a more contemporary production: Jia Zhangke's 'Still Life' (2006), in which the camera steers away from the characters — as if it were not interested in the scene — and remains detached. That certainly hampers the story's delivery, but seems designed specifically for the viewer.
"'2001: A Space Odyssey' (1968) is another example ― the slow, hypnotic rhythm of the shots combined with the sober acting ― everything makes you feel like you're among the astronauts."
Although these examples showed Lajeunesse and Raphaël that cinema could be the right medium to engineer a state of immersion, the pair doubted that it was the only one.
"By the end of 2008, 3D films were starting to come out. Some scenes had a magical effect on us," explained Paul Raphaël.
That's when he and Lajeunesse designed a 3D device equipped with three cameras that was able to film from three different angles. They explored the documentary genre first, then moved on to fiction. They presented their first 3D fictional work, 'The Sparkling River,' at TIFF in 2013.
After Oculus
2012 was a turning point in Felix & Paul Studios' evolution: Lajeunesse and Raphaël discovered the Oculus Rift prototype on Kickstarter.
"Even though the content in the developer's kit that we ordered was intended for video games and included only short demos, what we felt and the device's features impressed us to such an extent that we instantly decided to focus our efforts on developing content for it," Paul Raphaël told the FNC's audience.
They started using cameras and sound sensors to produce 360° videos that could be viewed using the Oculus Rift headset.
At this point in time, the team took a huge financial risk: the Oculus device sure generated interest, but the VR industry was virtually non-existent.
Yet they jumped head first into this medium with their first cinematic VR experience, 'Strangers,' in which users found themselves immersed in Montreal-based musician Patrick Watson's studio. In 2014, they travelled to SXSW and presented the experience to the Oculus team, who decided to make it into a demo for the Oculus Rift headset.
Still from 'Strangers' | Courtesy of Felix & Paul Studios
It took three years after Facebook's Oculus acquisition for the global VR industry to generate US$6 billion in revenue. According to Pulse on VR the number of Canadian companies working in VR has increased 22 percent since 2014.
With the confidence inspired by 'Strangers', Felix & Paul Studios multiplied VR experiences, each one a new milestone in immersive entertainment.
Some Hollywood companies even approached the studio, which resulted in the team creating a VR experience for 'Wild,' a Jean-Marc Vallée-directed film starring Reese Witherspoon.
Still from 'Wild' | Courtesy of Felix & Paul Studios
The repercussions were instantaneous. The team produced VR experiences for other films, but also experiential documentaries for former presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton, for basketball player Lebron James, and even created shows for Cirque du Soleil.
What's next for VR ― and for Felix & Paul Studios?
With more than 25 VR experiences to its credit, Felix & Paul Studios was producing, as of this writing a major project of six 20-minute episodes in collaboration with NASA and Time magazine. The series, entitled 'Space Explorers: The ISS Experience,' takes place on the International Space Station and pushes immersive experiences to new heights.
This work will be deployed online, but Felix & Paul Studios producer and co-founder Stéphane Rituit, recently confided that he was exploring other ways to disseminate it such as domes, educational materials, museums and other physical venues.
VR's full potential has yet to be realized, in part due to slow consumer adoption. The penetration rate of virtual reality headsets in Canada sat at 3.3 percent among Francophones and 4.3 percent among Anglophones, according to GlobalWebIndex's report for the third quarter of 2019, which surveys Canadian internet users ages 16 to 64. Also, many experts believe that 5G technology will improve the quality of VR experiences.
Finally, if Felix & Paul Studios was born in a period of rebirth for VR, it is in a phase of technological acceleration that the company will continue to innovate. In January 2020, start-up Mojo Vision unveiled the Mojo Lens, augmented reality lenses that could revolutionize the way we interact with the world and with each other. Facebook also announced the launch of its Horizon product for 2020. The immersive, VR-powered social universe will be accessible on Oculus Quest and Rift, and its users will be able to network, interact with friends and even watch movies.
Catherine Martellini
Multi-platform content creator, editor and journalist, Catherine Martellini has collaborated on numerous media and cultural publications. More recently, she has been a special contributor to Le Devoir and Infopresse, a media specializing in communication, marketing, digital and leadership, where she also worked as editor-in-chief.
Aug 9, 2018 / Pulse on VR
Felix & Paul Studios: Explorers of the Immersive...
Virtual Reality and Felix & Paul Studios: A Tale of Two...
Jun 12, 2018 / Benjamin Hoguet
Alice, The Virtual Reality Play: When the Real and the...


Community Blog by NeoTurbo // You guys remember me complaining about my work? Well we lost the contract for the section I work in, so I'll be laid off effective March 29th. It's not all bad, but I'll have to continue that in the comments.
You guys remember me complaining about my work? Well we lost the contract for the section I work in, so I'll be laid off effective March 29th. It's not all bad, but I'll have to continue that in the comments.


text:
Jakob Otter (auch Otther, Other, Ottner etc.; * 1485 in Lauterburg; † 15. März 1547 in Esslingen am Neckar) war ein reformierter Theologe und Reformator.

Leben
Otter war eines von drei Kindern von Hans und Brigitta Otter, die starben, als er noch ein Kleinkind war. So kam der Sohn eines Schneiders und Ratsherrn zu einem Onkel nach Speyer, wo der Domprediger Jakob Wimpheling und die Humanisten Jodokus Galtz und Johann Wacker auf seine Entwicklung Einfluss nahmen. Von 1505 konnte er in Heidelberg studieren und erwarb 1507 den akademischen Grad eines Bakkalaureus und wurde zum Priester geweiht, ohne eine theologische Ausbildung gehabt zu haben. Dann kam er als Sekretär zum Prediger Johann Geiler von Kaysersberg nach Straßburg, nach dessen Tod 1510 gab er seine Schriften heraus.

Trotz der mystischen Gedanken, die er in dieser Umwelt in sich aufgenommen hatte, trieb ihn sein Bildungsdrang erneut an die Universität nach Freiburg im Breisgau. Nachdem er hier den Magister artium erworben hatte, wandte er sich der Theologie zu. Er erwarb den üblichen Regeln der Zeit entsprechend die Grade eines Bakkalaureus biblicus, den Sententiarius und 1517 den eines Lic. theol. 1518 wurde ihm die Pfarrei Wolfenweiler bei Freiburg übertragen, um 1520 ging er als Pfarrer nach Rottenburg am Neckar.

Seit 1520, unter dem Einfluss von Martin Luthers Schriften, begann Otter für die Reformation zu wirken. 1522 wurde er Prädikant in Kenzingen. Hier war ihm großer Erfolg beschieden. Den Gottesdienst hielt er nach Luthers Art in deutscher Sprache und vertrat auch die Sakramentslehre in dessen Sinne (Abendmahl in beiderlei Gestalt). Da es an Angriffen nicht fehlte, veröffentlichte er 1524 in Straßburg seine Predigten und erbot sich mutig zu jeder öffentlichen Rechenschaft. Um die Stadt nicht zu gefährden, zog er nach Straßburg, wohin ihm 150 bis 200 Bürger folgten. Erzherzog Ferdinand übte in Kenzingen strenges Gericht, verhaftete den Bürgermeister und enthauptete den Stadtschreiber.

Indessen wurde er vom Ritter Hans III. Landschad 1524 zum Pfarrer in Neckarsteinach berufen, wo er wiederum auf die ganze Gemeinde stark einwirkte und sie geschlossen zum evangelischen Glauben führte. Aus dem Verkauf der Kirchenornate wurde der Armenkasten eingerichtet. Der Gottesdienst wurde nach lutherischer Ordnung gehalten. Die Bauern standen zu ihrem Pfarrer und beteiligten sich nicht am Bauernaufstand. Seinem Patron, der ihn gegen die österreichische Regierung verteidigte, widmete er das schöne Büchlein "Christliches Leben und Sterben", in dem er sich auch über das Sakrament aussprach.

Das Buch wurde 1528 in Straßburg gedruckt, und der greise Mathis Gothart-Nithart zeichnete dazu das Titelblatt. Es folgten seine Predigten über das 1. Buch Mose, die in Hagenau im April desselben Jahres erschienen. Trotz aller Gegenwehr von Seiten seiner Freunde wurde er im Februar 1529 aus der Pfalz vertrieben. Er ging wieder nach Straßburg und wurde von Martin Bucer zu Huldrych Zwingli in die Schweiz empfohlen.

Mehrere Jahre weilte der einflussreiche Prediger in Solothurn, Aarau und Bern und beteiligte sich auch an den schweizerischen Friedensgesprächen zwischen Zürich und den Urkantonen, bis Ambrosius Blarer die Stadt Esslingen am Neckar auf ihn aufmerksam machte. In der Schweiz heiratete er, wobei über seine Frau und seine Familie nichts bekannt geworden ist. 1532 begann er in Esslingen sein Werk unter günstigeren Vorzeichen. Die Reformation konnte er hier mit größtem Nachdruck durchführen und vollenden. Die Gottesdienst- und Kirchenordnung stammen von ihm, ebenso die Neuordnung des Schulwesens, und vor allem nahm er sich der Seelsorge an.

Während er selbst die Straßburger Theologen vertrat, bereiteten ihm nach der 1534 in Angriff genommenen Reformation Württembergs strenge Lutheraner viel Not. Martin Bucer selbst sorgte dafür, dass er sich mit ihnen vertrug. Er schrieb auch am 26. August 1535 an Luther, und im Mai 1536 durfte er mit Bucer und anderen Oberdeutschen nach Wittenberg ziehen, um die Wittenberger Konkordie abzuschließen. Hier lernte er endlich Luther persönlich kennen. Sein Eintreten für die Konkordie befestigte auch seine Stellung in Esslingen.

Seine Tätigkeit im Pfarramt war von nachhaltiger Wirkung. Auf ihn geht die Hebung des Gemeindegesanges, das allgemeine Gebet und die Fürsorge für die Unterweisung der Kinder zurück. Insbesondere wurde sein "Bettbüchlein für allerley gemeyn anliegen der Kirchen fleißig zusammen bracht durch M. Jacob Ottern", 1541 in Straßburg gedruckt, sehr gerühmt.
Ein überzeugter, treuer und tatkräftiger Prediger und Seelsorger, wurde er von den meisten seiner Mitarbeiter um seines lauteren Charakters und seiner gründlichen Bildung willen hoch geachtet.

Werke
 Die Epistel Sancti Pauli an Titum geprediget und außgelegt, 1524
 Das erst Buch Mosi gepredigt, 1528
 Christlich leben und sterben, 1528
 Ein kurz Ynleitung, 1530
 Christliche inleytung in die erkantnus recht geschaffner leer unnd glaubens, 1532, 1540
 Ein kurtze underrichtung und bekantnus des glaubens, 1534
 Ein kurtzer Bericht bey den krancken und inn sterbenden nöten zu gebrauchen, 1534
 Bettbuchlin für allerley gemeyn anligen der Kirchen, 1537, 1539, 1541, 1546, 1548

Literatur
 Gustav Bossert: Zur Biographie Jakob Otters. In: Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Bd. 24 (1903), S. 604.
 Gustav Bossert: Otter, Jakob, in: Realenzyklopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche. 3. Auflage. Band 14. Leipzig 1904, S. 526–530 (Digitalisat)
 Christian Schnaufer, Erwin Haffner: Beitrag zur Geschichte der Esslinger Reformation. Bechtle Verlag, Esslingen 1933.
 Otto Schuster: Kirchengeschichte der Stadt und des Bezirks Esslingen. Calwer Verlag, Stuttgart 1946.
 Hermann Sussann: Jakob Otter. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Reformation. Verlag Hasper, Karlsruhe 1893.

  (dort Otther erwähnt auf S. 513)
  (dort Otther erwähnt auf S. 672)

Weblinks
 Tilman Matthias Schröder: Jakob Otter und die Reformation in Esslingen, in: Württembergische Kirchengeschichte Online (WKGO)

Einzelnachweise

Reformierter Theologe (16. Jahrhundert)
Reformator
Sachbuchautor (Theologie)
Sachliteratur (Theologie)
Person (Elsass)
Historische Person (Baden-Württemberg)
Deutscher
Geboren 1485
Gestorben 1547
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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	printf "The following test samples are missing data: $broken"
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Stats Tables
Stats Charts
Regional Center: All (english)
UAE: Serbia's journalist is on 'black list' on some other Govt. request
Wednesday December 18th, 2019 IJASMain
Photo: N1
BELGRADE, 18.12.2019. – Stevan Dojcinovic, the editor of Serbia's Crime and Corruption Reporting Network (KRIK), is on a flight to Belgrade after being held under surveillance for 12 hours in Abu Dhabi and then deported, KRIK said in a statement on Wednesday.
UAE authorities stopped Dojcinovic at the Abu Dhabi airport and told him he was on a 'blacklist,' and could not enter the country.
Drew Sullivan, the editor of the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project (OCCRP), broke the news on his Twitter account earlier on Wednesday.
.@OCCRP and @Krikrs editor @StevanOCCRP was detained in Abu Dhabi where he was scheduled to speak at the #uncac, the UNs big anti corruption meetup. Not a promising start to the convention. He will be deported. The UAE has a lot of explaining to do about their commitment.
— Drew Sullivan (@DrewOCCRP) December 17, 2019
Dojcinovic was supposed to address a UN convention on corruption, Sullivan wrote, adding Dojcinovic was told his name was on some vague list.
"After that, they took me to the airport's police. They took my fingerprints, photographed me and made a file. Then they left me to wait under surveillance and after five hours told me I would be deported to Serbia next morning," Dojcinovic said.
He added the police officers who guarded him said he was on the 'blacklist' and had to be sent back to Serbia without a proper explanation.
"They told me that it was not UAE that put him on the list, but that it was the request by some other Government, but did not tell me a whose government that was," Dojcinovic said.
The situation was not entirely new to Dojcinovic since the same happened to him in Russia in 2015 when he was banned from entering the country where he was supposed to give a lecture on investigative reporting to Moscow's students, KRIK reported.
"In comparison to Russia's authorities, people here were more polite to me. I didn't end up in detention, and even allow me to buy food," Dojcinovic said.
Belgrade has traditionally good relationship with Moscow, while it has intensified cooperation with UAE, mainly in the construction business.
KRIK is investigating and publishing cases of high-level corruption in Serbia.
N1 Belgrade, Belgrade, 18/12/2019
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Q: Bug when linking accounts with other sites I got a bug when logging in for the first time on appstack and trying to associate my account with my other accounts on the trilogy site. I am using Google Open ID; then I say 'OK' on the Google page to access my credentials; then I am back on the appstack page and I click 'Create Account' and that causes an error ('This is our fault... bla bla').
So I click the login again, Google Open ID again and that logs me in directly. So clearly part of the user creation process worked. However, I did get 'user1021' instead of my normal name shown at the top of my page.
So I came here to post the bug, but I had never registered for this site either, so I go through the same process of account creation and lo-and-behold, I experience the exact same issue! (I get user name 'user147381' this time).
So it looks like a reproductible bug and I even think I know the cause. On StackOverflow, my username is 'AD', 2-letter, that's it. When I try to edit my profile on AppStack, I get an error message when I put in 'AD': 'Display name must be at least 3 characters'.
That's it... I sure hope I can keep my 'AD' name on StackOverflow!
Edit: I can replicate the buggy behavior at will with the 'Copy my profile from StackOverflow' button.

A: A new rule was implemented which requires at least 3 letters in the username. See Jeff's post here.
The most relevant quote is the following:

However, users who have an existing 2 character name may retain it, but will be unable to copy their profile from site to site until they make their username at least 3 characters.

The error in account creation is probably a result of the automatic account association that was also recently implemented. Since that automatically attempts to copy the profile, it would identically cause an error.


b each ship shall be deemed to be a seagoing ship to which the Convention applies, notwithstanding any provision in the Convention to the contrary.
The amount of the smallest claim (other than any claim arising in respect of oil pollution) incurred by the Association or any other party to the Pooling Agreement which would exhaust the largest limit for any type of claim (other than any claim arising in respect of oil pollution) from time to time imposed in the Group Excess Loss Policies.
A call levied by the Association pursuant to paragraph 5 for the purpose of providing funds to pay part of a Overspill Claim.
That part (if any) of a claim (other than a claim arising in respect of oil pollution) incurred by the Association or by any other party to the Pooling Agreement under the terms of entry of a ship which exceeds or may exceed the Group Reinsurance Limit.
In relation to any Overspill Call, the time and date on which there occurred the incident or occurrence giving rise to the Overspill Claim in respect of which the Overspill Call is made, or if the Policy Year in which such incident or occurrence has been closed in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 6.1 and 6.2, noon GMT on 20th August of the Policy Year in respect of which the Association makes a declaration under paragraph 6.3.
1.2 All claims incurred by the Association or any other party to the Pooling Agreement under the entry of any one ship arising directly from any one incident or occurrence including any claim in respect of liability for the removal or non-removal of any wreck shall be treated for the purposes of this Appendix VI as if they were one claim.
1.3 Any reference to a claim incurred by the Association or by any other party to the Pooling Agreement shall be deemed to include the costs and expenses associated therewith.
b the maximum amount that the Association is able to recover from the other parties to the Pooling Agreement as their contributions to the Overspill Claim under the terms of the Pooling Agreement.
b that it is unable to collect an amount equal to that part of the Overspill Call referred to in paragraph 2.1 sub-paragraph (a) which it had intended to pay out of the levy of Overspill Calls because any Overspill Calls so levied, or parts thereof, are not economically recoverable, provided that if due to change in circumstances such amounts subsequently become economically recoverable, the aggregate amount referred to in paragraph 2.1 shall be reinstated to that extent.
b it has levied those Overspill Calls in a timely manner, has not released or otherwise waived a Member's obligation to pay those Calls and has taken all reasonable steps to recover those Calls.
e from any interest accruing to the Association on any funds provided as aforesaid.
3.2 The funds required to pay such proportion of any Overspill Claim incurred by any other party to the Pooling Agreement which the Association is liable to contribute under the terms of the Pooling Agreement shall be provided in the manner specified in paragraph 3.1 sub-paragraphs (b) – (e).
3.3 To the extent that the Association intends to provide funds required to pay any Overspill Claim incurred by it in the manner specified in paragraph 3.1 sub-paragraph (d), the Association shall only be required to pay such Overspill Claim as and when such funds are received by it, provided that it can show from time to time, in seeking to collect such funds, it has taken the steps referred to in paragraph 2.3 sub-paragraphs (a) and (b).
4.1 Any of the issues referred to in paragraph 4.2 on which the Association and a Member cannot agree shall be referred to a panel (the Panel) constituted in accordance with the arrangements established in the Pooling Agreement, which, acting as a body of experts and not as an arbitration tribunal, shall determine the issue.
c in seeking to collect the funds referred to in paragraph 3.3, the Association has taken the steps referred to in that paragraph 3.3.
4.3 If the Panel has not been constituted at a time when the Member wishes to refer an issue to it, the Association shall, on request by the Member, give a direction for the constitution of the Panel as required under the Pooling Agreement.
4.4 The Association may (and, on the direction of the Member, shall) give such direction as is required under the Pooling Agreement for the formal instruction of the Panel to investigate any issue and to give its determination as soon as reasonably practicable.
4.5 The Panel shall in its discretion decide what information, documents, evidence and submissions it requires in order to determine an issue and how to obtain these, and the Association and the Member shall co-operate fully with the Panel.
4.6 In determining any issue referred to it under this paragraph 4 the Panel shall endeavour to follow the same procedure as it follows in determining issues arising in respect of the relevant Overspill Claim which are referred to it under the Pooling Agreement.
b may rely on any information, documents, evidence or submission provided to it by the Association or the Member as the Panel sees fit.
4.8 If the three members of the Panel cannot agree on any matter, the view of the majority shall prevail.
4.9 The Panel shall not be required to give reasons for any determination.
4.10 The Panel's determination shall be final and binding upon the Association and the Member (subject only to paragraph 4.11) and there shall be no right of appeal from such determination.
4.11 If the Panel makes a determination on an issue referred to in paragraph 4.2 sub-paragraphs (b) or (c) the Association or the Member may refer the issue back to the Panel, notwithstanding paragraph 4.10, if it considers that the position has materially changed since the Panel made its determination.
4.12 The costs of the Panel shall be paid by the Association.
4.13 Costs, indemnities and other sums payable to the Panel by the Association in relation to any Overspill Claim, whether the reference to the Panel has been made under this paragraph 4 or under the Pooling Agreement, shall be deemed to be costs properly incurred by the Association in respect of that Overspill Claim for the purposes specified in paragraph 2.2 sub-paragraph (a).
the Association in its discretion, at any time or times after such declaration has been made, may levy one or more Overspill Calls in respect of that Overspill Claim in accordance with paragraph 5.2.
b at such percentage of the Convention Limit of each such ship as the Association in its discretion shall decide.
5.3 An Overspill Call shall not be levied in respect of any ship entered on the Overspill Claim Date with an overall limit of cover equal to or less than the Group Reinsurance Limit.
5.4 The Association shall not levy on any Member in respect of the entry of any ship an Overspill Call or Calls in respect of any one Overspill Claim exceeding in the aggregate two and a half per cent (2.5%) of the Convention Limit of that ship.
b by returning the excess or any part thereof to those Members who have paid that Overspill Call or Calls in proportion to the payments made by them.
6.1 If at any time prior to the expiry of a period of thirty-six months from the commencement of a Policy Year (the "relevant Policy Year"), any of the parties to the Pooling Agreement sends a notice (an "Overspill Notice") in accordance with the Pooling Agreement that an incident or occurrence has occurred in the relevant Policy Year which has given or at any time may give rise to an Overspill Claim, the Association shall as soon as practicable declare that the relevant Policy Year shall remain open for the purpose of levying an Overspill Call or Calls in respect of that claim and the relevant Policy Year shall not be closed for the purpose of making an Overspill Call or Calls in respect of that claim until such date as the Association shall determine.
6.2 If at the expiry of the period of thirty-six months provided for in paragraph 6.1, no Overspill Notice as therein provided for has been sent, the relevant Policy Year shall be closed automatically for the purpose of levying Overspill Calls only, whether or not closed for any other purposes, such closure to have effect from the date falling thirty-six months after the commencement of the relevant Policy Year.
6.3 If at any time after a Policy Year has been closed in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 6.1 and 6.2, it appears to the Association that an incident or occurrence which occurred during such closed Policy Year may then or at any time in the future give rise to an Overspill Claim, the Association shall as soon as practicable declare that the earliest subsequent open Policy Year (not being a Policy Year in respect of which the Association has already made a declaration in accordance with paragraphs 6.1 or 6.3) shall remain open for the purpose of levying an Overspill Call or Calls in respect of that claim, and such open Policy Year shall not be closed for the purpose of making an Overspill Call or Calls in respect of that claim until such date as the Association shall determine.
6.4 A Policy Year shall not be closed for the purpose of levying Overspill Calls save in accordance with this paragraph 6.
the Association may require such Member to provide to the Association by such date as the Association may determine (the "due date") a guarantee or other security in respect of the Member's estimated future liability for such Overspill Call or Calls, such guarantee or other security to be in such form and amount (the "guarantee amount") and upon such terms as the Association in its discretion may deem to be appropriate in the circumstances.
7.2 Unless and until such guarantee or other security as is required by the Association has been provided by the Member, the Member shall not be entitled to recovery from the Association of any claims whatsoever and whensoever arising in respect of any and all ships entered in the Association for any Policy Year by him or on his behalf.
7.3 If such guarantee or other security is not provided by the Member to the Association by the due date, a sum equal to the guarantee amount shall be due and payable by the Member to the Association on the due date, and shall be retained by the Association as a security deposit on such terms as the Association in its discretion may deem to be appropriate in the circumstances.
7.4 The provision of a guarantee or other security as required by the Association (including a payment in accordance with paragraph 7.3) shall in no way restrict or limit the Member's liability to pay such Overspill Call or Calls as may be levied by the Association in accordance with paragraph 5.
See also the Guidance to Rule 18.


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Q: Flask jinja display date fields correctly I've found a shorthand method to fetch the results from MongoDb and to pass to the jinja template.
@app.route('/home')
def home():
    table = mongo.db.posts
    result = table.find( { } ).sort([("postdate", 1)])

    records = json.loads(json_util.dumps(result))
    if result.count() > 0:
        return render_template('users/index.html', posts=records)
    else:
        message = 'I couldn't find any post'
        return render_template('users/index.html', message=message)

And in users/index.html I would like to display the results like this:
{% for post in posts %}

    {{post._id}}
    {{post.title}}
    {{post.author}}
    {{post.postdate}}

{% endfor %}

Everything works as expected except date fields. Is there a way to display date fields correctly ?
{'$date': 1508227970796}
{'$date': 1508228089163}
{'$date': 1508241780398}

A: What you are seeing is the timestamp of this date, there are two possibilities to solve this issue:
you ca use this inside you view to convert the date into a readable format before sending the array to the Jinja template
from datetime import datetime
datetime.fromtimestamp(the_date_you_want_to_convert)

or you can create a simple Jinja filter which will convert a given timestamp into your readable date format.


Booz Allen Hamilton to Expand Presence in Metro Washington, D.C.
The building is now 92 percent leased.
ARLINGTON, VA. — Booz Allen Hamilton, a Fortune 500 firm that specializes in providing consulting, analytics, engineering and digital solutions and employs 25,000 people in 80 locations worldwide, will expand its presence in Arlington's National Landing submarket. In September, Booz Allen Hamilton will occupy 84,000 square feet of office space at 1550 Crystal Drive, a 480,572-square-foot building owned by JBG Smith Properties. The building is now 92 percent leased. The asset is situated about four miles south of downtown Washington, D.C.
Previous Previous post: NRP Group Breaks Ground on 272-Unit Apartment Community Near Washington, D.C.


This post sets out the steps I performed to configure a new (physical) Ubuntu Server.
I chose a physical server over a cloud server (e.g. as provided by Google, Amazon or Digital Ocean) as I wanted to build up my server administration skills while retaining direct control of my data and processes. I chose Ubuntu as I am already familiar with the desktop variants.
I started out with a Dell PowerEdge T130 Tower Server. This is their small business entry-model, costing around £650 (with VAT) with an Intel Xeon E1220 4-core processor, 8GB of memory and a 1 TB hard drive.
I chose a configuration without an operating system. We're going to install that in this post.
To set up the system, you also need an old VGA monitor, a USB mouse and a USB keyboard. These can be ditched later, but are useful to have around if you run into problems. You will also need an Ethernet connection to a local network. I have a power line network that is connected to the property's router.
The tower also came with a now rather defunct optical media drive (you can't choose to omit this). As I won't use this I disconnected it internally. This may free up some power and resources.
Connect up the monitor, mouse and keyboard. Also connect the Ethernet cable. Plug in the server.
Dell provides an Integrated Dell Remote Access Controller that is referred to as iDRAC. This allows you to remotely access system information and control the server. There are a number of quick steps to set this up.
First, power on the server. The system performs a number of checks. Press F12 to access the lifecycle manager. On the first run this will display a short set of screens to configure iDRAC access.
Because I am lazy I opted to use DHCP to configure the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. I can cheat a little by accessing the network configuration for the router and looking for the server as a wired client device. The server actually has two IP addresses, one for the server itself and one for the out-of-band iDRAC management channel. In the router configuration I set both IP addresses to be constant – this way I get the simplicity of DHCP yet also have static IP addresses on the local network.
Once the iDRAC configuration is complete the server will restart.
As we have no operating system installed the server will not boot by default. Things are clearly set up for a Windows Server install as it keeps looking for a drive C:\.
There are number of ways to install the OS. The Dell Lifecycle Manager offers a wizard to install from an .ISO file. I chose to use a USB stick as this is how I normally install Ubuntu Desktop on other machines. On another machine download the latest copy of Ubuntu Server (18.04 LTS for me) and use a startup disk creator to load onto a USB stick (Ubuntu desktop has one that can be accessed from the searchable dash).
To boot from a USB stick you need to enter the BIOS settings on boot by pressing F2. Select "Boot Options" in the system configuration and in the lower third of the options move the "Flash Drive" (i.e. USB stick) to the top of the boot order. Then reboot.
If you successfully boot from the USB stick, you should see the Ubuntu Server install screen. The options are all text based and fairly straightforward. I chose not to install any programs to start, as I'll install these later (and mainly use Docker). You can import allowed SSH public keys for a user from Github, which is pretty cool.
You may need to format and/or partition the hard drive (which is setup for a Windows Server install). If you want to do this using a graphical interface you can always boot with a USB stick having a desktop version of Ubuntu and use GParted. We will look at volume management a bit later.
There are a few things I like to do to make a new server more secure. These are fairly simple low-hanging fixes but can prevent around 80% of attacks.
The first is to change the SSH port from the usual port of 22. Most automated attacks just randomly select IP addresses and try this port.
The second is to login using SSH keys instead of usernames and passwords. Login via username can then be switched off. If you have imported authorised public SSH keys from Github, any machine you've allowed to access Github should be able to access the server.
The third is to disable root login. This means we have to login as a user and use "sudo".
All these can be performed by editing the settings in sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config. Uncomment the Port and PubKeyAuthentication lines and edit accordingly. Also add a PasswordAuthentication no line. Root login is typically disabled by default. Remember to restart the SSH service after saving the updates using service sshd restart.
Docker is available in the Ubuntu repository but it's currently a version behind (17 vs 18 at the time of writing). To install the latest version of Docker you can follow the steps here. Beware: we now have a mixture of apt packages and snap packages. When installing Ubuntu Server it installs the "snap" version of Docker. Hence, I recommend not installing Docker as part of the initial installation and using the linked apt method for now.
I have a few USB Terabyte hard drives I want to hook up. First, connect the USB cables. Then to view the drives you can use the "list hardware" command sudo lshw -class disk -short.
To mount a particular partition we need to create a mount folder. There are generally two places to do this /mnt or /media. The consensus is that user mounts should go into /mnt. Use sudo mkdir /mnt/mybigdrive to create the directory.
Now we need to mount a particular partition. Use lsblk -f to list the partitions on the attached devices. If my attached drive is sdb and has one partition, I can mount the drive using something like sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/mybigdrive/ .
One useful discovery is TMUX (Terminal Multiplexer I think). This can help you keep track of your remote SSH sessions.
First create a new terminal session by running tmux new -s server_admin. Do your business. Then detach using tmux detach. The session is now available even if your SSH connection goes. You can attach to the session by running tmux a -t server_admin.
This is a great guide to TMUX.
As we are using a recent version of Ubuntu Server we need to get our heads around logical volume management. This is a way of flexibly controlling our data storage.
Physical Volumes – these are often the underlying hard disks.
Volume Groups – these are collections of Physical Volumes.
Logical Volumes – these are created from the pool of storage provided by a Volume Group.
We can use the pvdisplay, vgdisplay, and lvdisplay commands to show information about each volume type.
Now we have a 1TB hard disk that is prepared using the Ubuntu Server install as one physical volume. There is also one volume group, which contains the physical volume. The volume group is by default named "ubuntu-vg".
Let's run through an example of creating a logical volume to store our projects.
First we can use sudo lvs to have a look at the existing logical volumes. This is also helpful for checking the Volume Group that is in use.
Next we create a new logical volume using sudo lvcreate -L 100G -n projects ubuntu-vg. This creates a new logical volume of size 100GB called "projects" using the "ubuntu-vg" volume group.
Now we need to create a file system on the new logical volume. To do this use sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/ubuntu-vg/projects. We can check the file system has been created successfully by running sudo fsck -t ext4 -f /dev/ubuntu-vg/projects.
Finally to use the new logical volume we need to mount it somewhere. Lets choose "/mnt/projects". Create a new blank folder using sudo mkdir /mnt/projects. Then mount the new logical volume into the folder using sudo mount /dev/ubuntu-vg/projects /mnt/projects. We can check everything is where it should be by running df -h.
It's going to take me a bit of time to get used to volume management but I can quickly see the upside. I can add physical volumes to the volume group from other hard drives, and then expand existing logical volumes using the extended volume group.
As we are running a server that may have multiple users we need to move from a single user owning everything to group access. This is explained here.
Our "projects" directory created above will initially be owned by "root" of the group "root" (as we mounted the drive using sudo, i.e. as the super user). Let's initially change this to the "leader" of a new group: sudo chown -R [groupLeader]:[groupLeader].
Now let's add a new group for project developers using sudo groupadd projectdev. You can check this has been created by using getent group | cut -d: -f1 | sort (this lists all groups, cuts out the group name and sorts alphabetically).
Now let's add our another user to the "projectdev" group using sudo usermod -a -G projectdev [otherUser]. We can check the user has been added using getent group projectdev. Then change the ownership of the projects folder to be owned by the group (assuming you are logged in as [groupLeader])chgrp projectdev /mnt/projects.
You'll need to log in and out before you can access the folder.
I had a duplicity backup from a previous (fried) computer. If you use the "backup" GUI on Ubuntu Desktop, this uses duplicity on the backend (wrapped using Deja-Dup).
First you may need to install duplicity on the server. Use sudo apt-get install duplicity to do this.
Next we need to find the folder containing your duplicity backups. For me this was a folder on a USB drive. Mount the drive and navigate to the folder. Restoring the backup then becomes a case of running sudo duplicity restore --progress file://[/full/path/to/backupfolder] [/full/restore/folder/path].
If the folder is not blank (sometimes Ubuntu sticks system folders like "lost&found" in there), you may need to use the "–force" flag to overwrite any contents in the restore folder. I also had an issue with running out of temporary storage, so I mounted a new bigger logical volume to a "/mnt/customtemp" directory and then used the "–temp /mnt/customtemp" option to use this over the default "/tmp" directory. The "–progress" flag just helps to make things more verbose and show progress during the restore.
If your backup contained any key files (e.g. "id_rsa" and "id_rsa.pub") you may want to copy these into your current "/home/[$USER]/.ssh" directory. This can then allow you to use existing keys to access remote SSH servers (such as GitHub).


text:
Q: What is the distribution of the ratio of two independent variables, each subject to Rayleigh distribution with different standard deviation? I am trying to find what is the distribution of the ratio of two independent Rayleigh random variables, each of which has different standard deviation.

A: Wikipedia indicates that the square of a single rayleigh random variable $R$ with parameter $\sigma$ follows a gamma distribution with shape parameter 1 and scale parameter $\frac{1}{2\sigma^2}$, $R^2\sim \text{Gamma}(1,\frac{1}{2\sigma^2})$.  Note that $\sigma$ is not the standard deviation.  Then the ratio of the square of two Rayleigh random variables can be expressed as the ratio of two chi-square random variables.  Under the hypothesis that the two $\sigma$ parameters are equal, this ratio would follow an $F$-distribution.  Under the hypothesis that the two $\sigma$ parameters are different, the ratio would follow a non-central $F$-distribution.  Your original question asked for the distribution of the ratio, which would be the distribution of a square rooted random variable that follows an $F$-distribution.  Let me know if I have made any mistakes or if you need more clarity.


Only days after releasing its new Solution exfoliator, cult beauty brand Glossier has tapped none other than Beyoncé to tease its next product. Posting an image of the singer to Instagram, the brand captioned it with "Beyoncé wears ___ in ___ (coming soon)" and tagged Glossier on Bey's shimmery eyelids. We're not sure as to what this means but if there's an eyeshadow releasing in the near future, we are here for it.
Stay tuned as more information is revealed and while we patiently wait, check out inclusive label Beauty Bakerie's new mission to create diversity in the beauty industry.


At Stacy McLennan Interiors we want you to enjoy the experience as much as you love the design. Our team of professional and friendly designers has extensive experience and education in Interior Design and can handle the most complicated of design projects. While each project is unique, our approach to design remains the same – to make each and every space the best it can be, and to ensure that it will stand the test of time.
Kommentiert: Hello, please can you share the name of flooring and paintThe wall colour, trim and ceiling is Benjamin Moore #CC-30 Oxford White.
Kommentiert: Stacey, what is the name of the foyer tile used in this home?The floor tile we used in the foyer is Ciot - Greystone Polished 12x24, with Grout: Mapei #47 Charcoal. The inlay border tile is from Olympia Tile- Marble Thassos Classic.
Kommentiert: What is the source for the flooring?Hi! The wood floors are by Antique Impressions, and were purchased through Aspen Wood Floors in Mississauga, ON.
Kommentiert: Hi Stacy How much space is there between the fridge wall andthe islandThere is about 3'-9" between the island and the fridge.
Kommentiert: Beautiful.Did you go with White Dove for the cabinets in this kitchen?Yes! These cabinets are Benjamin Moore OC-17 White Dove.


At the WPEA, share your expertise and research face-to-face with educators, policy-makers, practitioners and agents of change of all levels from all over the world and help us recognize milestones in our shared commitment to excellence in positive education.
At the core of the WPEA, is the belief that every student should have the knowledge and life skills to flourish and contribute to the flourishing of others. We want to create a society where everyone is able to fulfill their potential and achieve both success and well-being. Every institution in society has a moral obligation to promote human flourishing, and none more so than those responsible for educating young people—families, schools and universities.
Thank you for your interest in presenting your great work with us. We look forward reviewing your proposal and seeing you in Fort Worth!
The deadline for submission is Monday, January 8, 2018.
Acceptance notifications will be emailed on or around Wednesday, February 28, 2018.
Poster sessions typically have 1-2 presenters. Poster projects can highlight interesting research, application, or policy that you or your organization/school has undertaken.
These talks are short, engaging, Ted Talk style sessions. For these sessions we suggest you present alone on a topic of your choosing. These will be short sessions where you on stage for 10 minutes, directly after your short talk someone will be on after you. We encourage you to bring an idea to the audience that will provoke thought, spark debate, or inspire creativity.
For workshops we prefer 2-3 presenters in the room. We are looking for hands on, interactive, skill-based sessions where participants can walk away with concrete skills or inspired new thoughts. Creativity and innovation is encouraged! For these workshops, we will select based on practical application.
Please be advised workshops are not meant to be sales pitches.
If you have an account in CATALYST, follow these instructions below.
If you already have an account in CATALYST, Sign In. Once logged in, a turquoise box will pop up at the top of your screen indicating you have created a submission. You will be in edit mode of that submission.
Read the Instructions tab and complete all the required fields on all the tabs.
Click "Save," on the bottom right of your screen after you complete each tab or any time as necessary. *If required fields are missing data, you will see the missing data tabs indicated with a red triangle.
Click on the "Submit" button on the bottom right of your screen when you are ready to submit your abstract.
If you do not have an account in CATALYST, follow these instructions below.
Click on the Create Account tab to register an account. Enter your email address, password and confirm password. Click the Sign up button. An email will be sent to you.
Click on the "Please click here to login." Login to your account. Once logged in, a turquoise box will pop up at the top of your screen indicating you have created a submission. You will be in edit mode of that submission.
Read the Instructions tab. Complete all the required fields on all the tabs.
For additional help, please use this helpful guide or contact support.
You may submit a total of two (2) different proposals for WPEA 2018. Each proposal must be different in title and focus.
Session title should be up to 100 characters (including spaces and punctuation).
Session abstract/description can be up to 150 words (excluding spaces and punctuation).
Monday, June 25 8:00 a.m.–4:30 p.m.
Tuesday, June 26, 8:00 a.m.–4:30 p.m.
Presenters at the WPEA 2018 are expected to use material and language that do not discriminate on the basis of gender, race, color, ethnicity, religion, physical ability, or sexual orientation. Presenters must either own the content they are planning to present or have permission from its owner to deliver it at the WPEA 2018.
IPEN will send out accepted notifications on or around Wednesday, February 28, 2018. If you submit two proposals, one or both may be accepted.