Whoever lives in love lives in God, and God in them. This is how love is made complete among us so that we will have confidenceon the day of judgment: In this world we are like Jesus. There is no fear in love. But perfect love drives out fear, because fear has to do with punishment.
I work with English Language Learners; specifically 2nd to 5th grade children. I've seen many amazing feats of communication that bridge the gaps between the 11 or so languages spoken at our afterschool program, but none so misunderstood as The Sucker Punch. The Sucker Punch generally happens when children are playing happily, and one decides to leave, or play with someone else. When a child needs to convey the depth of their desire remain in the blissful state of acceptance and connection with someone who has just abandoned them, and no other meaningful form of communication is available, he may slug the object of his affection (Sidenote: I'm not sexist. I say "he" because boys tend to hit. Girls tend to be much nastier. I know because I am one.).
As adults, we like to think we are evolved past this sudden urge to inflict pain on those we care about, when we feel betrayed. We believe we have the tools to communicate our needs when we are faced with insecurity and doubt. Unfortunately, the tools in our arsenal tend to be silent treatments, ultimatums, passive-aggressive post-it notes, and questionable social media posts. No, we are not much evolved above emotionally sucker punching someone when they don't read our minds, sense our needs, and act accordingly… and immediately. It's proof of their love, right? And if they can't- or won't- provide this tangible evidence of our value to them, well, then… we have no evidence of our value. And if this is where our value lies, now we have to question our identity. It seems our identity is now Unloved. Unworthy. Unhappy… with a powerful urge to load the dishwasher all wrong, tell our mommas on you, and run the car out of gas right as we are coasting home on fumes (Actually just kidding about the gas… I swear I can't help it. There really should be some audible warning at ¼ tank).
The key to keeping our crazy under wraps is to have a handle on our true identity. As those who are loved and desired by a magnificent father whose worth is beyond definition, we are royalty whose value is summed up in the life and death of Jesus Christ. And also… we are fools. We will love foolishly, act foolishly, and make all kinds of ridiculous mistakes; but not a one of them will separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord. And so, as well-loved, valuable, precious children of a living God, let us forgive each other's foolishness, and recognize that our value is in our relationship to God before anything else. From this perspective, we can love freely, and without finding fault. That type of love is liberating, generous, fearless, and shame-proof.
Unless the toilet paper roll is empty. Then I HAVE to post something on Facebook.
Newer PostHow to Organize Our Time to Get Fit Inside and Out!


What's in store for the year 2013?
You be the judge, as World Review 2012 recaps the many historic leadership changes made this year, especially in Europe and Asia.
While North Korea tests missiles and the patience of its neighbours and the United States.
Also how will Japan's new nationalist prime minister react to all this, and will he clash with the new leadership in Beijing.
Form your own opinion on World Review 2012, on Pearl, December 28 at 8:30 pm.


text:
Active volcanoes in the world: July 16 – 22, 2014
Thursday, July 24, 2014 Friday, March 4, 2022 Updated on Friday, March 4, 2022 18:26 UTC
Ongoing activity was observed at 17 volcanoes from July 16 – 22, 2014.
Ongoing activity: Aira, Kyushu (Japan) | Bezymianny, Central Kamchatka (Russia) | Dukono, Halmahera (Indonesia) | Fuego, Guatemala | Karymsky, Eastern Kamchatka (Russia) | Kilauea, Hawaiian Islands (USA) | Pacaya, Guatemala | Popocatepetl, Mexico | Reventador, Ecuador | San Miguel, El Salvador | Santa Maria, Guatemala | Shishaldin, Fox Islands (USA) | Shiveluch, Central Kamchatka (Russia) | Slamet, Central Java (Indonesia) | Tungurahua, Ecuador | Ubinas, Peru | Zhupanovsky, Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 23:00 UTC every Wednesday, notices of volcanic activity posted on these pages are preliminary and subject to change as events are studied in more detail.
Ongoing activity
Aira, Kyushu (Japan)
31.593°N, 130.657°E, Summit elev. 1117 m
JMA reported that seven explosive eruptions from Showa Crater at Aira Caldera's Sakurajima volcano during 14-22 July ejected ballistics 500-800 m from Showa crater. In general, volcanic earthquakes decreased and tremor increased. The Tokyo VAAC reported that during 16-20 July plumes rose to an altitude of 2-3 km (7,000-10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E and SE; on 22 July a plume rose to an altitude of 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-5).
Geologic summary: The Aira caldera in the northern half of Kagoshima Bay contains the post-caldera Sakurajima volcano, one of Japan's most active. Eruption of the voluminous Ito pyroclastic flow accompanied formation of the 17 x 23 km caldera about 22,000 years ago. The smaller Wakamiko caldera was formed during the early Holocene in the NE corner of the Aira caldera, along with several post-caldera cones. The construction of Sakurajima began about 13,000 years ago on the southern rim of Aira caldera and built an island that was finally joined to the Osumi Peninsula during the major explosive and effusive eruption of 1914. Activity at the Kitadake summit cone ended about 4850 years ago, after which eruptions took place at Minamidake. Frequent historical eruptions, recorded since the 8th century, have deposited ash on Kagoshima, one of Kyushu's largest cities, located across Kagoshima Bay only 8 km from the summit. The largest historical eruption took place during 1471-76.
Bezymianny, Central Kamchatka (Russia)
KVERT reported that during 11-18 July, weak seismicity and weak to moderate gas-and-steam emissions were observed at Bezymianny. On 17 July satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano, but the view was obscured by clouds other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Geologic summary: Prior to its noted 1955-56 eruption, Bezymianny volcano had been considered extinct. The modern Bezymianny, much smaller in size than its massive neighbors Kamen and Kliuchevskoi, was formed about 4700 years ago over a late-Pleistocene lava-dome complex and an ancestral volcano that was built between about 11,000-7000 years ago. Three periods of intensified activity have occurred during the past 3000 years. The latest period, which was preceded by a 1000-year quiescence, began with the dramatic 1955-56 eruption. This eruption, similar to that of Mount St. Helens in 1980, produced a large horseshoe-shaped crater that was formed by collapse of the summit and an associated lateral blast. Subsequent episodic but ongoing lava-dome growth, accompanied by intermittent explosive activity and pyroclastic flows, has largely filled the 1956 crater.
Dukono, Halmahera (Indonesia)
1.68°N, 127.88°E, Summit elev. 1335 m
Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 17 July a low level plume from Dukono rose to an altitude of 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 55 km NE.
Geologic summary: Reports from this remote volcano in northernmost Halmahera are rare, but Dukono has been one of Indonesia's most active volcanoes. More-or-less continuous explosive eruptions, sometimes accompanied by lava flows, occurred from 1933 until at least the mid-1990s, when routine observations were curtailed. During a major eruption in 1550, a lava flow filled in the strait between Halmahera and the north-flank cone of Gunung Mamuya. Dukono is a complex volcano presenting a broad, low profile with multiple summit peaks and overlapping craters. Malupang Wariang, 1 km SW of Dukono's summit crater complex, contains a 700 x 570 m crater that has also been active during historical time.
Fuego, Guatemala
14.473°N, 90.88°W, Summit elev. 3763 m
During 16-22 July, INSIVUMEH reported moderate to strong explosions at Fuego with incandescent blocks being expelled 200-500 m above the crater. On July 22 the explosions also ejected gray ash. Most days weak avalanches moved down the flanks. Light gray eruption columns reported on 16 July rose 4-4.5 km (13,100-14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 7-10 km W, SW, WSW, E, and NE. Weak white fumarolic plume rose 200-300 m above Fuego's summit crater. A special bulletin on 18 July noted an increased number of explosions and a change in the eruptive pattern. Rumbling and jetting sounds often accompanied moderate to strong explosions that produced shock waves 12-15 km away and rattled structures in Panimache and Morelia on the flanks.
Geologic summary: Volcán Fuego, one of Central America's most active volcanoes, is one of three large stratovolcanoes overlooking Guatemala's former capital, Antigua. The scarp of an older edifice, Meseta, lies between 3763-m-high Fuego and its twin volcano to the north, Acatenango. Construction of Meseta dates back to about 230,000 years and continued until the late Pleistocene or early Holocene. Collapse of Meseta may have produced the massive Escuintla debris-avalanche deposit, which extends about 50 km onto the Pacific coastal plain. Growth of the modern Fuego volcano followed, continuing the southward migration of volcanism that began at Acatenango. In contrast to the mostly andesitic Acatenango, eruptions at Fuego have become more mafic with time, and most historical activity has produced basaltic rocks. Frequent vigorous historical eruptions have been recorded since the onset of the Spanish era in 1524, and have produced major ashfalls, along with occasional pyroclastic flows and lava flows.
Karymsky, Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)
54.05°N, 159.45°E, Summit elev. 1536 m
KVERT reported weak to moderate seismic activity indicating that Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 11-18 July. Satellite views were obscured by clouds or the imagery showed no activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Geologic summary: Karymsky, the most active volcano of Kamchatka's eastern volcanic zone, is a symmetrical stratovolcano constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera that formed during the early Holocene. The caldera cuts the south side of the Pleistocene Dvor volcano and is located outside the north margin of the large mid-Pleistocene Polovinka caldera, which contains the smaller Akademia Nauk and Odnoboky calderas. Most seismicity preceding Karymsky eruptions originated beneath Akademia Nauk caldera, which is located immediately south of Karymsky volcano. The caldera enclosing Karymsky volcano formed about 7600-7700 radiocarbon years ago; construction of the Karymsky stratovolcano began about 2000 years later. The latest eruptive period began about 500 years ago, following a 2300-year quiescence. Much of the cone is mantled by lava flows less than 200 years old. Historical eruptions have been vulcanian or vulcanian-strombolian with moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows from the summit crater.
Kilauea, Hawaiian Islands (USA)
19.421°N, 155.287°W, Summit elev. 1222 m
During 16-22 July HVO reported that the circulating lava lake occasionally rose and fell in the deep pit within Kilauea's Halema'uma'u Crater. Gas emissions remained elevated. The plume from the vent continued to deposit variable amounts of ash, spatter, and Pele's hair onto nearby areas; smaller particles may have been dropped several kilometers away. A 27 June breakout of lava flowed in an incipient lava tube from the vent to the gentle break in slope at the base of Pu`u `O`o, and continued slowly moving in two main lobes that extended about 2 km NE. Two small lava ponds within cones are present within the two southeastern pits in the crater floor, and glow above two other pits indicated lava is near the surface.
Geologic summary: Kilauea volcano, which overlaps the east flank of the massive Mauna Loa shield volcano, has been Hawaii's most active volcano during historical time. Eruptions of Kilauea are prominent in Polynesian legends; written documentation extending back to only 1820 records frequent summit and flank lava flow eruptions that were interspersed with periods of long-term lava lake activity that lasted until 1924 at Halemaumau crater, within the summit caldera. The 3 x 5 km caldera was formed in several stages about 1500 years ago and during the 18th century; eruptions have also originated from the lengthy East and SW rift zones, which extend to the sea on both sides of the volcano. About 90% of the surface of the basaltic shield volcano is formed of lava flows less than about 1100 years old; 70% of the volcano's surface is younger than 600 years. A long-term eruption from the East rift zone that began in 1983 has produced lava flows covering more than 100 sq km, destroying nearly 200 houses and adding new coastline to the island.
Pacaya, Guatemala
14.381°N, 90.601°W, Summit elev. 2552 m
INSIVUMEH reported that during 16-22 July, white to white-and-blue fumarolic plumes rose 50-75 m above Mackenney Crater at Pacaya and drifted up to 600 m W, SW, and S.
Geologic summary: Eruptions from Pacaya, one of Guatemala's most active volcanoes, are frequently visible from Guatemala City, the nation's capital. Pacaya is a complex basaltic volcano constructed just outside the southern topographic rim of the 14 x 16 km Pleistocene Amatitlán caldera. A cluster of dacitic lava domes occupies the southern caldera floor. The post-caldera Pacaya massif includes the ancestral Pacaya Viejo and Cerro Grande stratovolcanoes and the currently active Mackenney stratovolcano. Collapse of Pacaya Viejo volcano between 600 and 1500 years ago produced a debris-avalanche deposit that extends 25 km onto the Pacific coastal plain and left an arcuate somma rim inside which the modern Pacaya volcano (Mackenney cone) grew. A subsidiary crater, Cerro Chino, was constructed on the NW somma rim and was last active in the 19th century. During the past several decades, activity at Pacaya has consisted of frequent strombolian eruptions with intermittent lava flow extrusion that has partially filled in the caldera moat and armored the flanks of Mackenney cone, punctuated by occasional larger explosive eruptions that partially destroy the summit of the growing young stratovolcano.
Popocatepetl, Mexico
CENAPRED reported that during 16-22 July, steam and gas emission rose 200-700 m above Popocatépetl's crater and drifted NE, N, NW, W, and WSW. Slight nighttime incandescence was observed. The Alert Level remained at to Yellow, Phase Two.
Geologic summary: Volcán Popocatépetl, whose name is the Aztec word for smoking mountain, towers to 5426 m 70 km SE of Mexico City to form North America's 2nd-highest volcano. The glacier-clad stratovolcano contains a steep-walled, 400 x 600 m wide crater. The generally symmetrical volcano is modified by the sharp-peaked Ventorrillo on the NW, a remnant of an earlier volcano. At least three previous major cones were destroyed by gravitational failure during the Pleistocene, producing massive debris-avalanche deposits covering broad areas to the south. The modern volcano was constructed south of the late-Pleistocene to Holocene El Fraile cone. Three major plinian eruptions, the most recent of which took place about 800 CE, have occurred from Popocatépetl since the mid Holocene, accompanied by pyroclastic flows and voluminous lahars that swept basins below the volcano. Frequent historical eruptions, first recorded in Aztec codices, have occurred since precolumbian time.
Reventador, Ecuador
0.077°S, 77.656°W, Summit elev. 3562 m
IG reported moderate seismicity including explosions, long-period earthquakes, harmonic tremor, and tremor, though cloud cover mostly prevented observations of Reventador during 16-21 July. On 18 July IG noted an emission that rose to 800 m above the crater, and on 22 July a minor ash emission also rose 800 m above the crater; both drifted SW.
Geologic summary: Reventador is the most frequently active of a chain of Ecuadorian volcanoes in the Cordillera Real, well east of the principal volcanic axis. The forested, dominantly andesitic Volcán El Reventador stratovolcano rises to 3562 m above the jungles of the western Amazon basin. A 4-km-wide caldera widely breached to the east was formed by edifice collapse and is partially filled by a young, unvegetated stratovolcano that rises about 1300 m above the caldera floor to a height comparable to the caldera rim. It has been the source of numerous lava flows as well as explosive eruptions that were visible from Quito in historical time. Frequent lahars in this region of heavy rainfall have constructed a debris plain on the eastern floor of the caldera. The largest historical eruption took place in 2002, producing a 17-km-high eruption column, pyroclastic flows that traveled up to 8 km, and lava flows from summit and flank vents.
San Miguel, El Salvador
SNET reported elevated seismic activity at San Miguel on 17, 19, 20, and 22 July. RSAM had increased significantly. SO2 flux measurements indicated variability in air quality, which at times reached unhealthy levels.
Geologic summary: The symmetrical cone of San Miguel volcano, one of the most active in El Salvador, rises from near sea level to form one of the country's most prominent landmarks. The unvegetated summit of the 2130-m-high volcano rises above slopes draped with coffee plantations. A broad, deep crater complex that has been frequently modified by historical eruptions (recorded since the early 16th century) caps the truncated summit of the towering volcano, which is also known locally as Chaparrastique. Radial fissures on the flanks of the basaltic-andesitic volcano have fed a series of historical lava flows, including several erupted during the 17th-19th centuries that reached beyond the base of the volcano on the north, NE, and SE sides. The SE-flank lava flows are the largest and form broad, sparsely vegetated lava fields crossed by highways and a railroad skirting the base of the volcano. The location of flank vents has migrated higher on the edifice during historical time, and the most recent activity has consisted of minor ash eruptions from the summit crater.
Santa Maria, Guatemala
INSIVUMEH reported that on most days during 15-22 July the active lava dome of Santiaguito was visibly degassing and generating plumes. Ash was noted on16 and 20 July rising up to 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. and tendeding to drift SW. On most days, fumarolic colums reached 2.8-3.2 km (9,200-10,500 ft) a.s.l. and weak to moderate avalanches flowed towards Canyon Nima River I. A moderate explosion occurred 16 July, and ashfall was reported in the Finca El Rosario Palajunoj.
Geologic summary: Symmetrical, forest-covered Santa María volcano is one of the most prominent of a chain of large stratovolcanoes that rises dramatically above the Pacific coastal plain of Guatemala. The 3772-m-high stratovolcano has a sharp-topped, conical profile that is cut on the SW flank by a large, 1.5-km-wide crater. The oval-shaped crater extends from just below the summit of Volcán Santa María to the lower flank and was formed during a catastrophic eruption in 1902. The renowned plinian eruption of 1902 that devastated much of SW Guatemala followed a long repose period after construction of the large basaltic-andesite stratovolcano. The massive dacitic Santiaguito lava-dome complex has been growing at the base of the 1902 crater since 1922. Compound dome growth at Santiaguito has occurred episodically from four westward-younging vents, the most recent of which is Caliente. Dome growth has been accompanied by almost continuous minor explosions, with periodic lava extrusion, larger explosions, pyroclastic flows, and lahars.
Shishaldin, Fox Islands (USA)
54.756°N, 163.97°W, Summit elev. 2857 m
AVO reported that during 16-22 July low-level eruptive activity continued at Shishaldin volcano. Elevated surface temperatures at the summit were detected from satellite data daily, slightly increasing 18 July. Steaming from the summit crater was visible in satellite imagery on 16 July. Web-camera images were mostly obscured due to clouds. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.
Geologic summary: The beautifully symmetrical volcano of Shishaldin is the highest and one of the most active volcanoes of the Aleutian Islands. The 2857-m-high, glacier-covered volcano is the westernmost of three large stratovolcanoes along an E-W line in the eastern half of Unimak Island. The Aleuts named the volcano Sisquk, meaning "mountain which points the way when I am lost." A steady steam plume rises from its small summit crater. Constructed atop an older glacially dissected volcano, it is Holocene in age and largely basaltic in composition. Remnants of an older ancestral volcano are exposed on the west and NE sides at 1500-1800 m elevation. There are over two dozen pyroclastic cones on its NW flank, which is blanketed by massive a`a lava flows. Frequent explosive activity, primarily consisting of strombolian ash eruptions from the small summit crater, but sometimes producing lava flows, has been recorded since the 18th century.
Shiveluch, Central Kamchatka (Russia)
56.653°N, 161.36°E, Summit elev. 3283 m
KVERT reported that during 11-18 July lava-dome extrusion onto Shiveluch's SE flank was accompanied by moderate ash explosions, incandescence of the dome summit, hot avalanches, and fumarolic activity. Satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 16-17 July. An eruption was reported to 8.2 km (27,000 ft) a.s.l. on 18 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Geologic summary: The high, isolated massif of Shiveluch volcano (also spelled Sheveluch) rises above the lowlands NNE of the Kliuchevskaya volcano group. The 1300 cu km Shiveluch is one of Kamchatka's largest and most active volcanic structures. The summit of roughly 65,000-year-old Stary Shiveluch is truncated by a broad 9-km-wide late-Pleistocene caldera breached to the south. Many lava domes dot its outer flanks. The Molodoy Shiveluch lava dome complex was constructed during the Holocene within the large horseshoe-shaped caldera; Holocene lava dome extrusion also took place on the flanks of Stary Shiveluch. At least 60 large eruptions of Shiveluch have occurred during the Holocene, making it the most vigorous andesitic volcano of the Kuril-Kamchatka arc. Widespread tephra layers from these eruptions have provided valuable time markers for dating volcanic events in Kamchatka. Frequent collapses of dome complexes, most recently in 1964, have produced debris avalanches whose deposits cover much of the floor of the breached caldera.
Slamet, Central Java (Indonesia)
7.242°S, 109.208°E, Summit elev. 3428 m
Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 18 July a low level plume from Slamet rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 83 km W and N.
Geologic summary: Slamet, Java's second highest volcano at 3428 m and one of its most active, has a cluster of about three dozen cinder cones on its lower SE-NE flanks and a single cinder cone on the western flank. It is composed of two overlapping edifices, an older basaltic-andesite to andesitic volcano on the west and a younger basaltic to basaltic-andesite one on the east. Gunung Malang II cinder cone on the upper E flank on the younger edifice fed a lava flow that extends 6 km E. Four craters occur at the summit of Gunung Slamet, with activity migrating to the SW over time. Historical eruptions, recorded since the 18th century, have originated from a 150-m-deep, 450-m-wide, steep-walled crater at the western part of the summit and have consisted of explosive eruptions generally lasting a few days to a few weeks.
Tungurahua, Ecuador
1.467°S, 78.442°W, Summit elev. 5023 m
During 16-21 July IG reported that Tungurahua had low levels of seismicity and cloudy conditions. On 22 July the IG reported clear weather and observed a steam column that rose tens of meters above the crater.
Geologic summary: Tungurahua, a steep-sided andesitic-dacitic stratovolcano that towers more than 3 km above its northern base, is one of Ecuador's most active volcanoes. Three major volcanic edifices have been sequentially constructed since the mid-Pleistocene over a basement of metamorphic rocks. Tungurahua II was built within the past 14,000 years following the collapse of the initial edifice. Tungurahua II itself collapsed about 3000 years ago and produced a large debris-avalanche deposit and a horseshoe-shaped caldera open to the west, inside which the modern glacier-capped stratovolcano (Tungurahua III) was constructed. Historical eruptions have all originated from the summit crater. They have been accompanied by strong explosions and sometimes by pyroclastic flows and lava flows that reached populated areas at the volcano's base. Prior to a long-term eruption beginning in 1999 that caused the temporary evacuation of the city of Baños at the foot of the volcano, the last major eruption had occurred from 1916 to 1918, although minor activity continued until 1925.
Ubinas, Peru
16.355°S, 70.903°W, Summit elev. 5672 m
During 16-22 July INGEMMET and IGP reported that the eruption of Ubinas was continuing with gas-and-ash emissions reported most days. An explosion on 17 July, preceded by several days of banded tremor, generated an eruption column that rose 5 km above the summit and expelled incandescent blocks onto the flanks. More explosions on 19 and 21 produced eruption columns of gas-and-ash; the column on 19 July rose 2.8 km above the summit. Emissions and exhalations on 16, 18, and 22 July of gas-and-ash rose to 200-1800 m above the summit. Eruption columns and emissions drifted mostly E, NE, and SE. There were no significant emissions on 20 July. Ashfall was reported in various towns downwind of the plumes, in the areas of Querapi (4 km S), Ubinas (6.5 km SSE), Tonohaya (7 km SSE), San Miguel (10 km SE), Escacha, Yalahua, Lloque, and Sacuhaya.
Geologic summary: A small, 1.4-km-wide caldera cuts the top of Ubinas, Peru's most active volcano, giving it a truncated appearance. Ubinas is the northernmost of three young volcanoes located along a regional structural lineament about 50 km behind the main volcanic front of Perú. The growth and destruction of Ubinas I volcano was followed by construction of Ubinas II volcano beginning in the mid-Pleistocene. The upper slopes of the andesitic-to-rhyolitic Ubinas II stratovolcano are composed primarily of andesitic and trachyandesitic lava flows and steepen to nearly 45 degrees. The steep-walled, 150-m-deep summit caldera contains an ash cone with a 500-m-wide funnel-shaped vent that is 200 m deep. Debris-avalanche deposits from the collapse of the SE flank of Ubinas about 3700 years ago extend 10 km from the volcano. Widespread plinian pumice-fall deposits from Ubinas include one of Holocene age about 1000 years ago. Holocene lava flows are visible on the volcano's flanks, but historical activity, documented since the 16th century, has consisted of intermittent minor-to-moderate explosive eruptions.
Zhupanovsky, Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)
53.59°N, 159.147°E, Summit elev. 2958 m
KVERT reported that on 15 July moderate gas-and-steam activity was observed at Zhupanovsky. On 16-17 July satellite data showed ash plumes that rose to 6-6.5 km (19,700-21,300 ft) a.s.l. and extended about 370 km N. A thermal anomaly was observed over the volcano on 16 July. The Tokyo VAAC reported ash plumes during 16-18 and 21 July drifting N and NE. Plume altitudes were in the range of 3.3-8.5 km (11,000-28,000 ft) a.s.l.
Geologic summary: The Zhupanovsky volcanic massif consists of four overlapping stratovolcanoes along a WNW-trending ridge. The elongated volcanic complex was constructed within a Pliocene-early Pleistocene caldera whose rim is exposed only on the eastern side. Three of the stratovolcanoes were built during the Pleistocene, the fourth is Holocene in age and was the source of all of Zhupanovsky's historical eruptions. An early Holocene stage of frequent moderate and weak eruptions from 7000 to 5000 years before present (BP) was succeeded by a period of infrequent larger eruptions that produced pyroclastic flows. The last major eruption took place about 800-900 years BP. Historical eruptions have consisted of relatively minor explosions from the third cone.
Source: GVP
The Weekly Volcano Activity Report: January 18 – 24, 2023 Thursday, January 26, 2023
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: September 7 – 13, 2022 Thursday, September 15, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: September 28 – October 4, 2022 Thursday, October 6, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: September 21 – 27, 2022 Thursday, September 29, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: October 5 – 11, 2022 Wednesday, October 12, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: October 26 – November 1, 2022 Friday, November 4, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: October 19 – 25, 2022 Wednesday, October 26, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: October 12 – 18, 2022 Thursday, October 20, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: November 9 – 15, 2022 Friday, November 18, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: November 23 – 29, 2022 Thursday, December 1, 2022
The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report: November 2 – 8, 2022 Wednesday, November 9, 2022
Post Tags: #volcano activity
Landsat's global perspective on natural disasters, urban change and more
Water wars begin in California

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Алекса́ндр Ви́кторович Кула́гин (29 июня 1954) — советский гребец, серебряный призёр Олимпийских игр. Заслуженный мастер спорта СССР. Заслуженный тренер России.

Карьера
На Олимпиаде в Москве Александр в составе распашной четвёрки без рулевого завоевал серебряную медаль.

В настоящее время работает тренером.

Примечания

Ссылки

Гребцы (академическая гребля) СССР
Гребцы (академическая гребля) на летних Олимпийских играх 1980 года
Серебряные призёры летних Олимпийских игр 1980 года
Заслуженные мастера спорта СССР

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Meet CMagic5, The Filipino-Canadian Singer Who Was Born For The Stage
Real talent and a heart of gold.
CMagic5 is an emerging triple threat who can sing, act, and dance. She also uses her platform for mental health awareness and other charitable causes.
Related: How Arthur Nery Went From Being An English Tutor To A Fast Rising OPM Artist
For some musicians, they find their calling at a later stage in life. In fact, some didn't initially imagine seeing themselves have a full-time career in music. But for CMagic5, you could say she was meant to perform since she was in diapers. Born and raised in Toronto, Canada, this young artist began her life in music by joining a variety of musical theatre productions, dance performances, and vocal competitions. By the time she was 10, she was already composing her own songs and wrote her first song, Destiny's Calling. Soon, CMagic5 would embark on a solo career that has seen her flex her singing, dancing, and writing skills. She dropped her debut album Ready To Run this 2021 and has a few hits under her belt including The One and her most recent single Dancing on My Heart.
Despite the talent that this young Filipino-Canadian radiates, CMagic5 admits that she was bullied growing up. But that didn't stop her. In fact, a notable thing about her is that she uses her platform to promote anti-bullying causes, mental health awareness, and other noble causes. Armed with a rich and soulful voice, a level of professionalism tht belies her age, and the belief in helping others, CMagic5 is aiming to be one of the next big pop stars of her generation. NYLON Manila got the chance to talk to CMagic5 about her life, career, and much more. Read our interview with her below.
How did you come up with the stage name CMagic5?
CM5: I came up with the name when I was really young. I'd always be singing, dancing, and acting around the house. And I always see these amazing performers on TV and having a super cool stage name. So, I knew that one day, you know, I wanted to be a performer have a stage name for myself. The C corresponds to the initials of my first name, which will be revealed sometime in the future. The five is my lucky number, because I was born on the fifth day of the fifth month. And the magic is because I've always wanted my listeners to experience magic through music. And, you know, it really is that universal language that I want people to experience through my music.
So, how would you say music got into your life?
CM5: I like the way you worded that because I would say music definitely chose me. My dad actually started playing music in the house when I was really, really young, like, even as a baby and I just, you know, pick up certain beats and stuff. And I knew it clicked in me. At the time, I didn't know what it was, like, I didn't know songwriting and stuff like that. But I would always just write lyrics about anything that inspired me.
Also, it started with a lot of Broadway and theater performances. Growing up, I do a lot of these summer Broadway performances where I played lead roles in major productions, such as The Lion King and Shrek. And from then I just kept doing what I was doing. I love performing and making people feel good through my music. So, I just kept dancing, acting, singing wherever I could, whenever I had the opportunity, like at a little house party having little living room shows.
For people who haven't heard of you yet, how would you describe your style?
CM5: I would describe my sound as pop, contemporary pop, with a refreshing blend of modern, futuristic sounds, but also some old-school vibes in there, in terms of having a touch of rock. I'm a lover of all genres. I do write pop music, but something that I think differentiates my music is incorporating elements of other genres into it. So, I'd have like pop-rock, maybe, you know, pop with some reggaeton in it. I always love exploring different styles, but having that one sound that defines me, so I love playing around with styles like that.
So, would you describe your sound this may be experimental?
CM5: At times, yes. Because I do try to incorporate certain things that, you know, haven't really been done before. But it's not completely different. Like, I do want to have something that, you know, listeners have heard before, but also something that is fresh and new. And that, I think, is what makes my music different kind of every time it's like, it's same but different. So, it's a little kind of contrast.
Could you talk about your Filipino roots?
CM5: I do have [Filipino roots] in my ancestry and actually here, I have some really close friends that we get together [around] Christmas time and stuff, and they're all Filipino. It's great. Yeah, you know, the songs have also been doing really well in the Philippines. I just want to say thank you so much to the Philippines for listening to my music. You guys rock and I love you guys. So, yeah, I do have some Filipino in my ancestry on my grandparents' side.
When you write down your lyrics, how would you differentiate between good lyrics written about hearing?
CM5: That's a very good question. First things first, I always let out whatever I'm feeling. I don't judge myself right away, because I'm a big believer in the idea that no emotion is wrong. Maybe they can be worded differently, or in a way that makes more sense to the music. But whatever you're feeling, and whatever comes out first, I think those are your, you know, most natural and most authentic thoughts. So when you're not trying to push for something, when it comes out naturally, I think that's what you have to capture right away.
And then according to the music, if you feel like it kind of rolls off the tongue easily. If it's singable I love to have, you know, music that you can sing along to dance to and then from there, kind of go through a process of elimination and how to kind of cut out some ideas and replace certain words. But the idea is never lost, or the emotions always going to be there, even if you choose to kind of edit some words here and there for lyrics.
Would you say then that you don't really like to filter yourself?
CM5: Yes. You know, I used to [filter mylsef] for a long time, I would say, growing up being bullied, I think that's kind of what I've done to myself in order to kind of fit in. I'll put quotes around and just be accepted by people around me. But as I'm getting older, what I'm learning is that you don't need to filter yourself. Because if other people can't accept you for who you are, then what's the point? Right, I don't think they're worth it. You just have to be yourself. And as hard as it may be. At the end of the day, people who accept you for who you are, they're the ones that you want to hang on to.
Do you ever get a fear that you're being too raw for the audience?
CM5: Initially, yes. When I'm reading sometimes, I just let myself out. Let my emotions out. Then there's sometimes a point where I question myself. I'm like, is this what people really want to be hearing about? Is this too honest? Am I being too vulnerable right now? I do question myself. So, I'm not gonna lie about that I do. But then I told myself, I think that's what you know, listeners might want to hear because when you're authentic, and you're original, I think maybe that's how listeners are able to connect and relate.
Maybe other people are going through the same thing. And so I think that's what you know, stands out in certain songwriter styles, right? So when they're able to tell a story and be honest about it, and then also have that sense of empowerment because I always want to try to make my music empowering. There's enough that goes on in this world. So I do want to provide a sense of hope and inspiration for people at the end of the day through my music.
How did your participation in anti-bullying campaigns come about?
CM5: I always love when these organizations, little companies, reach out to me. I'm a big believer in, you know, being there for other people, because then you're able to inspire so many people when you collaborate with others and things like that. So, I definitely love working with the mental health organizations that I'm working with, as well as bullying prevention organizations, because I think we really need to work on breaking the stigma of this idea of not being okay all the time, and that's totally fine.
It's okay not to be okay. And I think I want a lot of my listeners to know that. That's something I also tried to kind of wring out through my music, as well as knowing that, you know, you're never alone. And there are people that are going to bring you down. But know that there are also people there that are waiting to pick you up. So, just have to keep the faith and stay strong.
What do you want to say to potential future fans of CMagic5?
CM5: So, for future fans, I would say, I love making music. I'm a very open person to talk to. Definitely, whenever you feel like it, just reach out, you know, my DMs are open. I try to respond to as many people as I can. So, I'm there for you. Just know that I'm very shy at first, but when you get to know me, I am very quirky and loud, and can be annoying sometimes. But hey, that's just me.
What would you recommend should the first song new fans of CMagic5 should listen to?
CM5: I would say that if you haven't heard any of my music before, take a listen to Dancing on my Heart. I think this song truly kind of encapsulates my artistic style. And it shows my artistic evolution from you know, just the previous song to this one. So I've grown in so many ways, artistically musically, this one I feel truly captures my sound and the kind of motivation behind it.
Continue Reading: These Filipino Artists Rocked The Stage At Expo 2020 In Dubai


text:
Adapting to Labor Shortages in the Healthcare Sector
Rachel Hailstone
Adapting to Labor Shortages in the Healthcare Sector https://www.martiscapital.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/istockphoto-1053491130-612x612-1.jpg 650 500 Rachel Hailstone Rachel Hailstone https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/74fe4c89d16141447e5bb87410fee558?s=96&d=mm&r=g October 7, 2021 October 13, 2021
Will bonuses and benefits be enough to tackle healthcare's workforce shortages?
by Dave Muoio | Oct 5, 2021
The provider industry is caught in the midst of a widespread labor crunch that, according to recent data, shows no sign of slowing down in the months and years to come.
At best, the shortage of workers has led to incremental increases in labor expenses and warnings to investors that margins may run a bit tighter in the coming quarters.
At worst, understaffed units, rampant overtime and burnout are leading a growing number of nurses and other healthcare workers to retire or transition to another industry.
These shortages have also fueled labor disputes from New York to California, the results of which are often worker strikes and subsequent disruptions in patient care.
The short- and long-term threats of understaffing have led several systems to open their wallets.
Among the most prominent of these efforts came from Washington-based Providence, which announced this month that it would be investing more than $220 million into various bonuses and pay adjustments in an effort to retain its more than 120,000 employees and fill its roughly 17,000 job openings. Recent weeks have also seen reports of five-figure signing bonuses for nurses and a return of the workforcewide retention bonuses that were common during the first year of the pandemic.
Alongside a hiring push, a recent survey of 150 health systems conducted by professional services firm Aon suggested that more healthcare employers are adopting a broader portfolio of benefits for their workforces. With 93% of respondents saying they are considering benefits strategies related to attracting and retaining workers, offers like tuition reimbursement and greater healthcare coverage have become commonplace in the competitive healthcare labor market.
"Attracting and retaining talent remains a top priority and health systems have prioritized benefits as a mechanism to reward their workforce," Sheena Singh, senior vice president of Aon's national healthcare industry practice, said in a statement accompanying the survey. "This is a trend that will continue with a shortage of qualified health professionals and rising demand for health care services, as these organizations seek to build a resilient workforce in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic."
Unfortunately for hospitals and health systems, healthcare worker representatives and competing healthcare recruiters alike don't see these strategies as more than a Band-Aid on a festering wound.
"It's a temporary fix; people aren't buying it," Sal Rosselli, president of the California-based National Union of Healthcare Workers, said in relation to Providence's incentives. "Workers are smart, they know what's going on here."
Rosselli said he doesn't believe there is a shortage of registered nurses and other healthcare workers currently living in the U.S. The issue, he said, is that unsafe working conditions, employers' inflexibility and an ever-growing focus on profits over patient care have led much of the country's labor supply to seek out other opportunities where they feel more appropriately rewarded for their time and effort.
David Coppins, CEO and co-founder of healthcare staffing and scheduling platform IntelyCare, was of a similar mindset.
Health systems' long-running view of nurses as a cost, rather than a revenue generator, has given hospitals a reverse incentive to skirt the line of understaffed units, he said. It's driven an underlying culture across hospitals that's reduced workers' voices and—along with the day-to-day struggles of the job itself—has many workers seeking alternatives.
With this in mind, Coppins said it's little wonder that travel nursing agencies and per diem scheduling services like his have "exploded across the country" since the start of the pandemic.
"We get a lot of disenfranchised hospital nurses that come to us and feel like they're finally in control of their lives, and they get an opportunity to earn good money, control their schedule, they're appreciated," he said. "We have regular feedback sessions, and it's kind of remarkable. We're the beneficiaries of [hospitals'] poor activity, their inability to see the forest for the trees."
But will hospitals' retention bonuses and more generous benefits packages be able to stem the industry's exodus of workers? For Coppins and Rosselli, the answer is a hard "no."
"Look, most health systems have great benefits. I'm not going to say 'oh, they need this type of retirement plan or a wellness service,'" Coppins said. "I'm sorry to burst the bubble, but there's no magic bullet of certain benefits that are going to improve it. It's fundamentally changing things."
"Not absent having the security of safe staffing, the ability to make clinical decisions about how to provide care, having a voice, the staffing levels, how care is given and the assurances that the employer is doing everything they can to keep people safe around [personal protective equipment (PPE)] and staffing levels—not absent that, no," Rosselli said. "People will not be making decisions based on higher 401(k)s."
Singh was less willing to write off the value of an effective benefits offering, which she said can ensure employees "have the sufficient tools to thrive within the organization and their life."
Citing her company's survey data, she noted that many employees don't know when their employer is providing benefits offerings that directly address burnout, such as employee assistance programs or digital mental health tools. Most employers could be doing more to raise awareness of these offerings, thereby improving the wellness of their workforce and receiving the maximum return out of their benefits investments, she said.
Still, Singh agreed with the broader thesis that no individual benefits—either immediate or recurring—will be enough to make workers ignore any deep-seated grievances with an employer or the industry at large.
"There's obviously short-term strategies that can be put in place like retention bonuses and spot bonuses that we've seen groups put in, but that's not going to solve this issue," she said. "I absolutely agree that really understanding if your culture is supporting retention from an investment-in-your-talent perspective, providing your employees a sense of purpose [and] also focusing on recognition of the value they bring to the organization is so critical to retaining your employees.
"Benefits is still very much a critical component to retention. It is not the one and only answer to that puzzle, though."
Giving employees a voice
It's one thing to tell employees that they are valued and another to make them believe it, Coppins said. Eighteen months of thank-you's from executives are now ringing hollow for workers who have seen few meaningful signs of relief during their day-to-day hardships.
"One of the big problems is their answer is 'You're a hero. You can do it, you are amazing.' They give them plaques, they give them recognition, they buy them pizza and they think that this is actually solving the problem," he said. "I was at a conference a couple of weeks ago and the CEOs of major health systems were on the panel in a conversation on shortage of staff. Two of the CEOs actually said we need to provide more recognition, more appreciation. I'm in the audience thinking 'Dude, you've still got your head in the sand.'"
For starters, healthcare organizations need to demonstrate that workers' safety and well-being are prioritized, Rosselli said. During a pandemic, this means adequate PPE, COVID-19 testing, proper training, safe staffing, mental health care and other "minimum precautions and protocols" need to be put in place to keep workers from quitting out of concern for their own safety, he said.
Rosselli and Coppins also stressed the limited avenues nurses and other front-line workers have to raise concerns regarding administrative and clinical issues.
To address this, Coppins suggested organizations introduce programs that give those workers more opportunities to rub shoulders with decision-makers and propose solutions to organization-wide issues. Internal hackathons, for instance, "can be brilliant and really valuable to help the nurses feel like they're being heard and have an opportunity to change things," he said.
But perhaps more meaningful to the workforce is demonstrating that an organization is willing and able to elevate deserving front-line employees into the C-suite, Coppins continued.
"Put nurses in executive roles—not just a titular position with no authority, but actually put someone whose grown up through the nursing ranks into executive roles that have authority in the hospital system," he said. "That does a couple of things. One, you finally get their perspective when decisions are being made, a seat at the table. Two, it's also visibility for other nurses to know that they're being heard and there's a potential career path for them."
For workplaces with an active labor union, Rosselli stressed that these groups are, at their core, a forum for employees to communicate their interests with an employer.
The union leader pointed to labor-management partnerships as a proven vehicle for healthcare organizations to promote constructive discussions between workers and executives, increase employees' buy-in and, ultimately, improve the delivery of care.
"[Organizations must] collaborate with their workers and, in our case, their workers' union," Rosselli said. "That's the answer: giving their workers a real voice."
Flexible scheduling is a leading demand
While there's no "magic bullet" benefit that will override cultural frustration and safety, Coppins and Singh did highlight one standout policy change for hospitals targeting worker burnout and retention: flexible scheduling.
"It's too easy to underestimate the impact of truly inflexible scheduling, the workload and being ignored," Coppins said. "It's hard to really quantify the impact of that, but [hospitals] are seeing it right now [as] travel nursing has exploded across the country."
Sixty-nine percent of healthcare employers surveyed by Aon acknowledged that flexible work options—whether that's varied scheduling or more permissive time-off policies—are a frequent demand and need to be considered alongside the rest of a benefits package, Singh said.
Unfortunately, both she and Coppins acknowledged that introducing that flexibility to clinical staff is substantially more difficult for healthcare employers than other traditional benefits offerings, such as increased insurance coverage or student loan forgiveness.
"It's really hard because most of these facilities are [using] scheduling platforms that make it very difficult to allow flexibility," Coppins said. "But I will guarantee these hospitals that if they hired a scheduler—if they already have one, hire a second one—whose only job is to try and swap shifts to try and allow flexibility in the system, that will retain nurses. That's the number one biggest thing: [Nurses] need to know that if there's something big coming up in their lives they will have flexibility in their schedule."
Despite their reputation for rigidity, Singh noted that healthcare organizations will overhaul entrenched operations and procedures when their backs are against the wall. Widespread resignations and open job listings could be just such an incentive.
"If you think about COVID, a lot of health systems … pivoted quickly with virtual health and telehealth, because they had to," she said. "That's why I think health systems are going to do this: They know it's a need and they know it's a certainty that if they don't keep up they're going to lose to other competitors, whether that's another health system or a different industry. They're going to make [flexible scheduling] happen, but that's definitely going to be the one that's the biggest lift."
To read the full article, visit: Will bonuses and benefits be enough to tackle healthcare's workforce shortages? | FierceHealthcare


The first time I saw the trailer for the documentary about Mistura, I was choked up by the truth it conveyed: Peruvians, more than anything, love their food. Love. So you can imagine the emotions I felt as I walked into the festival for the first time, a world of colors, smells, sounds, and tastes, waiting for me. It only took me two years, but I finally made it, and this is how I spent my day at Mistura.
The first thing you need to know about Mistura, is that it's organized into "Mundos" or Worlds: the World of Lima, the World of Ceviche, the World of Pisco Bars, and more. Set overlooking the Pacific Ocean along the Costa Verde, I walked from one World into another, a journey all across Peru, from the coast, to the Andes mountains, to the jungle, and from the North to the South. Nowhere will you find ingredients and dishes as diverse, unique, and delicious, as in Peru. That's how you'll feel after spending one day here.
What makes Mistura unique among other food festivals I've attended is that it showcases both chefs and producers. Attendees can buy tickets to purchase food or drinks at different kiosks, but they can also visit the market to learn where the ingredients came from, meet the farmers, and deepen their understanding of Peruvian cuisine.
Since it was still morning, I started with a taste of Peruvian cafe before wandering into "El Gran Mercado," a large market with produce from all regions of Peru. Never had I seen so many different types of quinoa, which was described as a "future that was planted thousands of years ago." The plan was to work my way to the World of Pisco Bars later in the day, so imagine my surprise when I found a selection of artisanal Pisco in the market, and being asked "would you like to try some?" — Si, por favor!
When I mentioned that I lived in California, in unison they all shouted "el Pisco Punch!" — and immediately I had their attention as I began to tell the story of the Bank Exchange and Duncan Nicol, and how the Pisco Punch was the cocktail of San Francisco in the late 1800's. After tasting at least half a dozen grape varietals, and talking to the Pisco producers there, I left with a sense of shared pride that I had never experienced before.
While deciding where to have lunch, I walked by the World of Anticuchos, and at that precise moment, in a chance meeting that only the Universe could arrange, one of my heroes appeared in front of me — Grimanesa Vargas. Her anticuchos, or Peruvian style beef heart kebobs, were without question the best that I've ever tasted in my life, and I knew why Time magazine proclaimed her anticuchos one of the 24 best kept secrets in the world. I introduced myself, gave her my Pisco Trail business card, extended an open invitation to visit California, and like any fan, asked if I could take a photograph with her.
After a two part lunch: rotisserie chicken from La Granja Azul, and lamb stew from La Picanteria, I finally found the Pisco Museum, flanked by a denomination of origin Pisco sign on one side and giant copper alembic on the other. While here in San Francisco I am used to seeing only a handful of different Pisco labels at most bars, this museum was wall to wall and floor to ceiling Pisco bottles. Like a kid in a candy store, I stared and wondered how long it would take me to taste them all.
The rest of the afternoon seemed to fly by as I "researched" (translation, imbibed) different variations of one of my favorite Pisco cocktails, the Chilcano. In an upcoming post I will talk more about all the different Pisco cocktails I enjoyed and different bars I visited in Lima. But that afternoon was all about the Chilcanos from Capitan Melendez, Mayta, Santa Diabla, and the Pisco Bar.
What was really new to me here was the amount and variety of macerados, or Pisco infusions, that everyone was making with every imaginable ingredient: from coca leafs, to hot peppers, or dried fruits, the Pisco of different colors hinted at the exotic flavors inside. Perhaps my favorite flavor was the maracuya, or passion fruit infused Pisco, and I suspect I'll be making it when I return to San Francisco.
As I was leaving Mistura, I noticed a chalkboard wall, where everyone was leaving a message, a drawing, a poem, or a picture. And I couldn't resist writing something. Brief, to the point, in block letters, a few words that marked by first visit to Mistura — Pisco Trail Was Here.
Later that night, my walk through the streets of Miraflores led me to the door of Astrid y Gaston, Gaston Acurio's restaurant which was recently ranked the number 1 in South America and number 14 in the world in the San Pellegrino list. Still in a daze from my day at Mistura, and with only a few days before I had to return to San Francisco, I walked in and asked about booking a table for their tasting menu. Yes, this week please. Only lunch openings? I'll take it, thank you. I left with a smile that I could no longer hide, but little did I know what kind of experience awaited me when I returned.


text:
MSNBC: Venezuela release American hostage
Governor Richardson discusses the release of Joshua Holt, an American who had been held prisoner in Venezuela.
Fox News: Salvaging the summit
Gov. Richardson talks about South Korea's effort to salvage the summit between Trump and Kim Jong-un.
CNN: Trump cancels summit with North Korean leader
Gov. Richardson talks to Jake Tapper after President Trump cancels his summit with Kim Jong-un.
MSNBC: Pompeo and Kim
Governor Rcihardson discusses the value of the relationship between the Secretary of State and the North Korean leader.
MSNBC: Hostage negotiations should be done quietly
Governor Richardson talks to Alex Witt about hostage negotiations.
CNN: North and South Korean leaders meet
Gov. Richardson discusses the historic meeting between the leaders of North and South Korea.
MSNBC: North Korea could take years to denuclearize
The Governor joins Kasie Hunt to talk about exactly how long it would take North Korea to denuclearize.
CNBC: Trump and Kim Jong-un should meet
Gov. Richardson discusses his support for a one-on-one meeting between Trump and Kim Jong-un.
MSNBC: Trump sends Easter tweet threatening DACA
Trump tweeted on Easter Sunday that a deal on DACA will not happen.
CNN: North Korea won't denuclearize
Gov. Richardson talks to Jim Sciutto about what to expect from North Korea leading up to the summit.


Yesterday started off as a great day with friends visiting and then having my quilt club meeting hast night. Then I came home to some very sad news. So I start today with a heavy heart. I'm glad to have a lot of dyeing work ahead of me to keep me busy today.
Meanwhile I do have some pretty pictures to look at. I have new fabrics in the shop today! Also, on this new website I finally have an easy way to find the newest fabrics with a "What's New" section of the shop! It's a little thing but it's made me very happy.
I have 3 gradients back in stock this week.
I also have some pretty new One Yard fabrics. In the new store I'm renaming these "Stars" and the larger one-of-a-kind pieces are Galaxies. Here are the new Stars.
Oh, I like the what's new idea. Very good.
Honestly, there are only a couple of things that I don't like about the new platform. It's 90% better than my old blog and shop!


text:
Der Armenische Fußballverband () wurde 1992 gegründet und trat im selben Jahr sowohl der FIFA als auch der UEFA bei.

Funktionsträger
 Präsident: Ruben Hajrapetjan
 Vizepräsident und Generalsekretär: Armen Minasjan
 Schatzmeister: Geworg Papikjan
 Trainer der Herrenmannschaft: Oleksandr Petrakov
 Trainer der Damenmannschaft: Wagharschak Aslanjan
 Pressesprecher: Tigran Israjeljan
 Schiedsrichter-Koordinator: Karen Nalbandjan
 Futsal-Koordinator: Samvel Sargarjan

UEFA-Fünfjahreswertung

Weblinks
 Football Federation of Armenia
  Armenien auf der FIFA-Webseite
 Armenien auf der UEFA-Webseite

Einzelnachweise

Armenien
Verband
Sportverband (Armenien)
Gegründet 1992
Nationaler Sportverband
Futsal (Armenien)


The Paw print Heart Keyring captures your pet's own paw print and lets you treasure it forever in a handcrafted sterling silver keyring. A wonderful gift for any animal lover and perfect for keeping a piece of your furry friend with you always.
Our mess free print kit makes it so simple to capture those prints and is supplied completely free with your order. We are also able to use any existing print you may have or clear photographs of the paw pads to create your piece.
Four images: Two images on the front of the piece and two images on the reverse of the piece.


text:
Q: Xcode text rendering bug? Sometimes in Xcode, when I am towards the end of a file, the editor starts scrambling the lines. I have a video of it below. You can see when I close the bracket the text goes back to normal:
http://vimeo.com/18678901
Any idea if there are ways around this? Restarting Xcode doesn't help.

A: Looks like a bug. Please file that on bugreporter.apple.com along with the version of Xcode you were using at the time. If it's reproducible and you can attach the project/file to the bug, please do. For extra credit, post the bug # here so I can follow up on it, thanks.
P.S. Please check the Console for silent exceptions from Xcode. My colleague reminded me to ask you about this.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Lääppijä is a subject derived from the Finnish verb "lääppiä". It can roughly be translated to as "groper" and can be understood as a person engaging in socially aggressive, sexually inappropriate behavior. Despite the term having an aged sound, it captures the nature of sexual harassment better than many of its English counterparts due to its vague connotation. This very term became a hashtag after a high-ranking police officer claimed that sexual harassment did not exist in Finland before the events of New Year's Eve of 2015.
Minerva, Maria and Patria Mirabal: Three sisters who fought the dictator Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Republic and were killed for it in 1960.
Germany has not yet ratified the Istanbul Convention but is reforming the law governing sexual offences following intense public pressure. However, it appears that the principle "No means no" will still not reign in Germany in the future.
Poles do not want to know: One of the fundamental issues surrounding violence against women in Poland is a lack of sensitivity combined with a general aversion to the subject.
Sexual violence against women is one of the most harmful forms of gender-based violence. In Croatia, it is the most problematic form of violence because it is one of the least recognised and least reported crimes.
39% of Latvian women have suffered from violence and at least 115 women endure violence daily in Latvia. Overall, Latvian society remains pretty conservative on gender issues and excuses violence against women. The question is – why?


text:
Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily E Member 1 (KCNE1) Antibody
Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel, Isk-Related Family, Member 1 Antibody is a Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel, Isk-Related Family, Member 1.
Target KCNE1
Tested Applications ELISA, WB, IF/ICC
Immunogen Human KCNE1.
UniProt Secondary AC A5H1P2, Q8N709, Q91Z94
UniProt Entry Name KCNE1_HUMAN
Gene Symbol KCNE1
Research Articles on KCNE1
FLJ18426, FLJ38123, FLJ94103, ISK, JLNS, JLNS2, LQT2/5, LQT5, MGC33114, MinK, KCNE1, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit IsK, IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Min, IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Mink, Minimal potassium channel, potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related family, member 1, Anti-FLJ18426, Anti-FLJ18426 antibody, FLJ18426 antibody, Antibody against FLJ18426, Anti-FLJ38123, Anti-FLJ38123 antibody, FLJ38123 antibody, Antibody against FLJ38123, Anti-FLJ94103, Anti-FLJ94103 antibody, FLJ94103 antibody, Antibody against FLJ94103, Anti-ISK, Anti-ISK antibody, ISK antibody, Antibody against ISK, Anti-JLNS, Anti-JLNS antibody, JLNS antibody, Antibody against JLNS, Anti-JLNS2, Anti-JLNS2 antibody, JLNS2 antibody, Antibody against JLNS2, Anti-LQT2/5, Anti-LQT2/5 antibody, LQT2/5 antibody, Antibody against LQT2/5, Anti-LQT5, Anti-LQT5 antibody, LQT5 antibody, Antibody against LQT5, Anti-MGC33114, Anti-MGC33114 antibody, MGC33114 antibody, Antibody against MGC33114, Anti-MinK, Anti-MinK antibody, MinK antibody, Antibody against MinK, Anti-KCNE1, Anti-KCNE1 antibody, KCNE1 antibody, Antibody against KCNE1, Anti-Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Anti-Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 antibody, Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 antibody, Antibody against Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1, Anti-Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit IsK, Anti-Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit IsK antibody, Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit IsK antibody, Antibody against Delayed rectifier potassium channel subunit IsK, Anti-IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Min, Anti-IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Min antibody, IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Min antibody, Antibody against IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Min, Anti-IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Mink, Anti-IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Mink antibody, IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Mink antibody, Antibody against IKs producing slow voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta Mink, Anti-Minimal potassium channel, Anti-Minimal potassium channel antibody, Minimal potassium channel antibody, Antibody against Minimal potassium channel, Anti-potassium voltage-gated channel, Anti-potassium voltage-gated channel antibody, potassium voltage-gated channel antibody, Antibody against potassium voltage-gated channel, Anti-Isk-related family, Anti-Isk-related family antibody, Isk-related family antibody, Antibody against Isk-related family, Anti-member 1, Anti-member 1 antibody, member 1 antibody, Antibody against member 1


Meaning/Origin of Baby Name - "Balabhadra"
The name Balabhadra is a baby boy name. The baby name Balabhadra originated as an Indian name. In Indian, the name Balabhadra means- fortunate, lucky.
Ratings: 0 have rated the name Balabhadra.
What do you think of the name - "Balabhadra"?
Make a comment on the name - "Balabhadra".


Our products are greatly recognized and trustworthy by users and will fulfill continually shifting economic and social requires for Colorful Card Case , Colorful Charging Cable , Promotional Card Case , Detailed attention towards the useful feedback and suggestions of our esteemed clients.
"To be a result of ours specialty and service consciousness, our company has won a superb reputation between customers all around the environment for Colorful Card Case , Colorful Charging Cable , Promotional Card Case , It is our customers' satisfaction over our merchandise and services that always inspires us to do better in this business. We build mutually beneficial relationship with our clients by giving them large selection of premium car parts at marked down prices. We supply wholesale prices on all our quality parts so you are guaranteed greater savings.


Bangkok: After nearly 10 years of investigative work by Cee4life, and two scathing reports on the illegal wildlife trade and other crimes in the Tiger Tiger here, we can now confirm that ALL Tiger Temple Tigers wil be removed rapidly from Tiger Temple. The exercise to relocate the Tigers begins today.
Cee4life said that many staff of the Tiger Temple had no idea about the extent of what was coming, however based on a piece of information circulated on social media a couple of days ago, it is now certain that people within the Tiger Temple began to form a plan of action to prevent the remioval of tigers.
Recently, Cee4life had found out the details of what that plan was and have done all that is possible to prevent it from happening.
Cee4life message For the Tiger Temple – DO NOT HURT THE TIGERS.
In a statement, Sybelle Foxcroft, who haa been crusading to protect the tigers kept in the mist inhuman conditions at the Tiger Temple, tiday said, the Tiger Temple was given so many years to comply and do the right thing, but they did not listen. No longer will the good people of this earth tolerate wildlife trafficking of tigers and/or abuse.
It never had to be this way, you could have simply got rid of the bad (wildlife traffickers and abusers) and worked towards a beautiful sanctuary.
We get no joy from what is about to happen, as we know it could have been so different. For the few human beings at the Tiger Temple who do actually care, our compassion goes out to you, we understand only too well how you feel.
Please everyone, say a prayer, meditate, but please send all your thoughts of protection and safety to the tigers of Tiger Temple. Especially keep in your thoughts the older tigers Sangtewan, Saireung, & Saifa who are the only remaining original tigers left at nearly 16 years old….. they need great care and handling…… Please keep all tigers in your hearts.
Cee4life has thanked the DNP for this action, Cee4life also thanks the organisations that have been extremely supportive to its plight for all these years, and also goes on to thank the public for their support.
No more will they be hidden behind the cloak of Buddha, Sybelle says.
More to come of course…..


Olay Coupons on Amazon | Face Wash Only $2.99 each!
Home / Deals / Free Printable Coupons / Beauty Coupons / Skin Care / Olay Coupons on Amazon | Face Wash Only $2.99 each!
There are new $2 off Olay Coupons you can use on Amazon today and snag some great deals on Olay Skin Care Products! They have the Olay Sensitive Foaming Face Wash in a 2 pack for $7.98 and you can clip the $2 Coupon to get them for $5.98. That is only $2.99 per 6.78 oz. Bottle!
You could also choose the 8 oz. bottle for $8.06 with Subscribe and Save and Clip the Coupon to get them for $6.08 for just $3.04 each!
Alot of these deals are Subscribe and Save so you will get FREE Shipping and those that aren't on Subscribe and Save, you can get Free Shipping with Amazon Prime or on orders of $25 or more!
Hide N Spy Mater Game $14.99 (Down from $49.99)!
5 FREE Items at Staples This Week + $1 Photo Paper!


text:
Arabischer Kaffee (), in den arabischen Golfstaaten häufig nur Gahwa genannt, ist ein Kaffeegetränk, das im Gegensatz zum Mokka oder Türkischen Kaffee fast klar und goldfarben ist und ungesüßt meist zusammen mit Datteln gereicht wird. Die Zubereitung und Darreichung von arabischem Kaffee gilt auf der Arabischen Halbinsel, im Irak und in Syrien als wichtiges Zeichen der Gastfreundschaft. Die Zubereitung des Kaffees aus einer Reihe von Zutaten erfolgt zum Teil vor den Gästen in Form einer Zeremonie. Im Jahre 2015 wurde diese Zeremonie von der UNESCO für die Länder Saudi-Arabien, Vereinigte Arabische Emirate, Oman und Katar in die Repräsentative Liste des immateriellen Kulturerbes der Menschheit aufgenommen.

Das Kultur- und Tourismus-Ministerium der VAE fördert die Ausbildung zur Zeremonie. Arabischer Kaffee ist nicht mit Arabica-Kaffee, einer besonderen Art der Kaffeepflanze, zu verwechseln.

Zubereitung und Zutaten

Die Kaffeebohnen werden in einer Pfanne (tāwa) und mit einem langstieligen Löffel (miḥmās) leicht geröstet. Anschließend werden die Bohnen in ein Mibrad genanntes Gefäß gelegt, in dem sie abkühlen können. In einem Bronzemörser (minḥāz) werden die Bohnen zerstoßen und dabei der Mörser wie ein Gong geschlagen, um Gäste zum Kaffee zusammenzurufen.

Für das Kochen, Würzen, Filtern und Ausschenken des Kaffees werden drei Bronzekannen (dilāl) unterschiedlicher Größe verwendet. Die größte ist die Kaffeekanne (dallat al-qahwa), die zum Kochen des Wassers dient. Sie wird auch al-Chamra genannt. In einer etwas kleineren Kanne, die Mulaqqima genannt wird, wird der Kaffee mit dem kochenden Wasser aufgebrüht und mit Safran, Muskat, Kardamom, Nelken und Rosenwasser gewürzt. Der lange schnabelartige Ausguss der Kanne wird mit einem kleinen Bündel aus Palmbaumfasern ausgefüllt und der fertige Kaffee damit schließlich in die kleinste Kanne gefiltert, die al-Mizalla genannt wird.

Der fertige Kaffee wird nun ungesüßt in kleinen henkellosen Tassen an die Gäste ausgeschenkt. Die Tasse wird dabei nur zu etwa einem Viertel gefüllt. Dies ist als Zeichen zu werten, dass der Gast gern länger bleiben darf und sich frei fühlen soll, mit ausgestrecktem Arm ein Nachfüllen der Tasse zu erbitten. Hat er genug, streckt er die Tasse von sich und wackelt leicht mit ihr auf und ab, dann sammelt der Gastgeber sie wieder ein.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

  (PDF, 0,5 MB)

Heiße Kaffeezubereitung
Essen und Trinken (Alltagskultur)
Repräsentatives immaterielles Kulturerbe
Kultur (Arabien)


text:
Men who ran $11M California investment scam sentenced
SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — Three men who ran an $11 million investment scheme that bilked elderly Californians are going to prison.
James Litzinger, Gregory Chapman and Wallace Thomas were sentenced to state prison sentences ranging from three to 30 years, the California attorney general's office announced Friday.
A fourth man, Rogel Patawaran, died while awaiting sentencing, authorities said.
Prosecutors said the men ran a company called Authotecq that over nine years sold more than $11 million in unregistered securities, mainly to elderly investors. The company claimed to be developing an internet banking system.
"However, the defendants did little to develop a product and instead lined their own pockets with millions of dollars in investors' money. Investors never received any returns on their investments," according to a statement from the attorney general's office.
They spent money on ""fine dining, multiple cars, rent, and cigars," prosecutors said.
Litzinger was sentenced Thursday to eight years in prison. Chapman, who was convicted of grand theft and securities fraud, was earlier sentenced to 30 years. Thomas, who pleaded guilty before trial, was sentenced last month to three years, prosecutors said.
State-and-regional
Confidence Tricks
Wallace Thomas
Gregory Chapman
James Litzinger
Rogel Patawaran
US Border Patrol seizes meth haul in Southern California
A U.S. Border Patrol dog sniffed out more than $190,000 worth of methamphetamine concealed in a vehicle along a Southern California highway, the agency said
Jet dumps fuel that lands on schoolkids near Los Angeles
Jet fuel dumped by an aircraft returning to Los Angeles International Airport fell onto an elementary school playground where children were playing Tuesday, fire officials said.
Rare video shows 5 mountain lions together in California
JACKSON, Calif. (AP) — Five California mountain lions were seen together on home surveillance video in a rare gathering of the notoriously sol…
California lawmakers are considering upending the state's struggling bottle and can recycling program by requiring beverage distributors to create a new system to take back their own containers, similar to one that has been successful in neighboring Oregon.
California voters may consider mandate to end homelessness
An advisory council appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom called Monday for California voters to consider a legally enforceable mandate to end homelessness, as the most populous state grapples with one of its most pressing and politically fraught problems.
Family of dead crew member sue California dive boat operator
The family of the lone crew member to die in a fiery scuba boat disaster that killed all 33 passengers off the California coast last year sued the vessel's owner Monday in federal court.
California rejects unique intersex surgery ban for some kids
SACRAMENTO — California lawmakers have rejected what would have been a first-of-its-kind ban on medically unnecessary treatment for infants bo…
California budget plan aids teachers, those in US illegally
California Gov. Gavin Newsom wants to give $20,000 stipends to teachers at high needs schools and extend health care to older low-income immigrants who are in the country illegally. He outlined the plans during an announcement Friday of his $222 billion budget proposal.
Some asylum-seekers returned to Mexico get attorney access
SAN DIEGO (AP) — A federal judge ruled Tuesday that some asylum-seekers who fear waiting in Mexico for U.S. immigration court hearings must ha…
Judge halts California labor law as it relates to truckers
SACRAMENTO — A federal judge on Thursday indefinitely blocked a new California labor law from applying to more than 70,000 independent trucker…


text:
Maverick architects are breaking the mould
05/02/2016 Elodie Palasse Architecture Architecture, FAT architects, history of architecture, London Royal Academy of Arts, Mackintosh, starchitects, Zaha Hadid
The London Royal Academy of Arts recently launched a new exhibition. "Mavericks: Breaking the Mould of British Architecture" (26 January — 20 April 2016) features the works of architects who refuse to conform to the norms of mainstream architectural culture, architects who can also be maverick in other ways, such as in their relationship to the discipline and profession of architecture. These are mavericks questioning what architecture is and how it should be practiced.
The "Mavericks: Breaking the Mould of British Architecture" exhibition embarks visitors on a journey through 400 years of architectural British history, taking a colorful look at twelve mavericks architects who helped to shape its course: Smythson, Vanbrugh, Wyatt, Soane, Cockerell, Mackintosh, Holden, Goodhart-Rendel, Stirling, Price, FAT and Hadid.
(Photo courtesy of Living Architecture / Jack Hobhouse)
Jean Nouvel voit rouge et impose le ping-pong à Londres
Stockholm celebrates Josef Frank, the anti-designer
And the 2017 Pritzker Prize goes to…
Knol Ontwerp: Skinning Architecture
Something to Say? Cancel Reply


text:
Marolinta is een plaats en commune in het zuiden van Madagaskar, behorend tot het district Beloha, dat gelegen is in de regio Androy. Tijdens een volkstelling in 2001 telde de plaats 11.386 inwoners. De plaats is gelegen aan de rivier Menarandra, in de buurt van de Baai van Langarano.

De plaats biedt enkel lager onderwijs aan. 50% van de bevolking werkt als landbouwer, 40% houdt zich bezig met veeteelt en 5% verdient zijn brood als visser. Het meest belangrijke landbouwproduct is mais; overige belangrijke producten zijn maniok, zoete aardappelen en cowpeas. Verder is 5% actief in de dienstensector.

Gemeente in Androy


de Buyer Inocuivre Prima Matera is the new cookware that has the same professional standards of de Buyer copper cookware but able to be used on induction cooktops. Prima Matera is made of copper and stainless steel on the inside enables to enjoy the exceptional degree of conductibility of copper on all types of heat sources, including INDUCTION, thanks to its magnetic bottom. Practical with its pouring rim and the cast stainless steel ergonomic handle firmly riveted.


text:
HMS Prince of Wales
Images of HMS Prince of Wales when she visited Liverpool during her first public outing at the end of February 2020.
Merlin helicopter overflies HMS Prince of Wales
HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 28 February 2020.
HMS Prince of Wales arrives in Liverpool
Tugs supporting HMS Prince of Wales turning in the River Mersey
HMS Prince of Wales in front of the Liverpool waterfront
Panorama of HMS Prince of Wales on the Liverpool waterfront
Merlin overflies HMS Prince of Wales down the Liverpool waterfront
Ski ramp on HMS Prince of Wales
Ski ramp on HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
Front control tower on HMS Prince of Wales
Front control tower on HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
Bow of HMS Prince of Wales
Rear control tower on HMS Prince of Wales
Rear control tower on HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
HMS Prince of Wales control towers
Both control towers of HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
HMS Prince of Wales stern
Royal Navy flag on the stern of HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
HMS Prince of Wales on the Liverpool waterfront
HMS Prince of Wales flight deck
A letterbox crop of a Merlin helicopter and two control towers on HMS Prince of Wales in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
Looking up at the stern of HMS Prince of Wales
Stern of HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
Stern of HMS Prince of Wales
HMS Prince of Wales name plate
Aircraft lift on HMS Prince of Wales
Sailors board HMS Prince of Wales
Sailors board HMS Prince of Wales during a trip to Liverpool on 29 February 2020.
Life ring on HMS Prince of Wales
Life ring on HMS Prince of Wales seen on the River Mersey in Liverpool during its first public outing pictured on 29 February 2020.
Royal Navy markings on a Merlin helicopter
Royal Navy markings on a Merlin helicopter seen on board HMS Prince of Wales on 29 February 2020 in Liverpool.


Patients in need of infusion therapy often have a condition that is so severe it can't be treated with oral medications. To ease the burden of travel, Wilmot Cancer Institute Infusion Center, Part of Jones Memorial Hospital was established.
Located on the third floor at Jones Memorial Hospital, the Wilmot Cancer Institute provides oversite of the center and medical oncologists for the UR Medicine Oncology Clinic. The three oncology RNs in the Infusion Center were trained at the Wilmot Cancer Institute, using WCI policies and best practices.
The conditions commonly treated with IV infusion include: anemias, iron deficiency, hemochromatosis, polycythemia, thrombocytopenia, auto-immune thrombocytopenia purpura, migraine headaches, ankylosing spondylitis, Behcet's disease, cancer, common variable immunodeficiency, Crohn's disease, dermatomyositis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, iIritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, pemphigus, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, and Wegener's granulomatosis.
The comfort of patients is important at the Jones Memorial Infusion Center.
Each of the six infusion stations has a spacious recliner with heat and massage, an individually controlled ceiling-mounted heat panel, personalized lighting, and individual televisions.
The center also offers a nourishment station with soup and beverages, wireless internet, and USB ports to connect and charge electronic devices such as computers and cell phones and comfortable seating for companion who accompany patients to treatment.
All medications are prepared by the Jones Memorial Hospital Pharmacy in a dedicated sterile environment. The JMH Pharmacy Staff has partnered with UR Medicine Pharmacy for best practices.
If you have questions, please call the WCI Infusion Center at Jones Memorial Hospital.


text:
Taiwan Insight
The online magazine of the Taiwan Studies Programme
Climate change and the traditional knowledge of indigenous people: what can we learn?
15 July 2020 Editor Climate Change, Environment, Indigenous issues Leave a comment
Written by Tzu-Ming Liu.
Image credit: President Tsai visits Siyapen Nganaen, a tribal elder in Orchid Island by 總統府/Flickr, license CC BY 2.0
Due to Taiwan's geographical location and geological properties, the country is particularly at risk of the impact of climate change. Some apparent phenomena of climate change are that the frequencies of extreme precipitation events. Furthermore, extreme typhoon intensity is increasing. These phenomena have caused giant landslides, extensive landscape changes, and severe casualties across Taiwan. Many of the giant landslides occurred on the lands inhabited by indigenous peoples, and thus they suffer from the most adverse impacts of climate change. Indigenous peoples are, but not the only, climate victims.
The indigenous peoples' severe suffering from climate change can be observed through the impact of Typhoon Morakot, which is the deadliest typhoon to impact Taiwan in recorded history. Typhoon Morakot bore down on Taiwan on August 7, 2009. Consequently, Siaolin village—a village of the Pinpu tribe—was wiped out and around 500 villagers were buried alive by a catastrophic landslide due to the typhoon. A similar tragedy also happened in Nangisalu Village, Maya Village, and Takanua Village. Not to mention the villages of the Bunan tribe and the Kanakanavu tribe. Hence, because critical infrastructure—including a district office fire station, a medical clinic, a police office, primary schools, and a road in Nangisalu, Maya and Takanua—were all covered in mud, the Government planned to relocate the villages' victims to a neighbouring district. Somehow, the ancient tribe-land of the Kanakanavu was "recovered," and critical infrastructure was rebuilt on the land.
The story behind the reversals on disaster restoration policy is that the Government enforced habitation on flooded land, and the ancient tribe-land was where they lived before the enforced relocation. The turn-around on these disaster restoration policies implies that the Government amplified the cost of extreme weather events associated with climate change. Furthermore, such flip-flopping on disaster restoration policy provides a clue that local indigenous communities are not just climate victims but are also part of the solution. Indigenous local communities can bring practical knowledge, which is rooted in the physical and cultural environment of their communities, for adapting to climate change.
Still, research on traditional knowledge and climate change in Taiwan is relatively young. It is not yet possible to give detailed information to support the main idea mentioned above. Nevertheless, even though direct evidence is lacking, it is still possible to draw a somewhat convincing argument about indigenous traditional knowledge and climate change by gathering pieces of information from various sources. A particular possible case is the Tao (officially called the Yami) on Lanyu (or Orchid Island). This is an island located along the eastern coast of Taiwan. Anthropological studies in Japan have a long history dating back to the late nineteenth century. Thus, we can find natural disaster-related place names across studies. One can observe severe damage to those places with natural disaster-related names. Hence, I used the Topographic Database of Irara, Orchid Island (Pong so no Tao, meaning the Island of Tao) (Yu and Hu, 2007) and the devastation of Typhoon Tembin (2012) to demonstrate findings in what follows.
Typhoon Tembin struck Orchid Island and left severe damage to infrastructures such as sea and airports. The only gas station was smashed with all refuelling equipment blown away by strong winds. The island's only supermarket, the Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations, was also damaged. However, the previous names of these places have revealed knowledge of disaster risks such as what happened during the onslaught of Tembin. The destroyed harbour, gas station, and supermarket were located in an area where they are named "Ji-Rako a Poas," "Ji-Igang," "Do-Sanoson," "Ji-Malatood," and "Do-Makararahet so Kawan" by the Tao tribe. These names mean, "large scale landslide," "flood," and "surge waves" (Yu and Hu, 2007). Still, because the Government did not grasp this encoded cultural knowledge and built bulk public facilities on environmentally sensitive land, the vital facilities were doomed to disaster from the very beginning.
Another piece of evidence on the role of the Tao's traditional knowledge in adaptation to climate change can be seen from the difference in typhoon-caused damage between modern houses and traditional houses. Tembin caused serious damage to modern houses in Orchid Island. However, again, surprisingly, no traditional houses were damaged by the typhoon. Traditional houses of Tao are semi-underground houses, some above the ground and the other underground. Most of the Tao's traditional houses were destroyed after a former officer was mortified to see their compatriots living half-underground in 1967. Consequently, these residents were forced out of wooden and stone structures into concrete houses. Today, only some remain in Ivalino and Iraraley.
These traditional houses, which hitherto mortified officials, are exceeding all expectations. Hence, it is not surprising for these abodes to hold a possible solution for mitigating the negative impacts of climate change on Orchid Island. Recent research proves that the Tao's traditional houses can generate wind shelter effects for avoiding structural damage through experiments. Lin et al. (2010) wrote "(t)he results show that for the purpose of resisting strong winds, the Yami selected their settlement sites by avoiding the strong winds. In addition, they also arranged their dwelling units into certain patterns in response to the local wind with their vernacular wisdom." We believe that if the traditional houses were not dismantled, and if the modern houses were built according to Tao's traditional wisdom of building, then damages of extreme weather on Orchid Island in a changing climate should be less than what we currently observe.
Climate change is causing a wide range of impacts on society and the environment universally. Taiwan, of course, is not exempt from the worldwide trend of influences of climate change. Hence, the observation of significant adverse effects of climate change in Taiwan. However, these negative effects should not all be viewed as the total consequences of climate change. At least some damage was caused, or even amplified, by the Government. Therefore, we believe that indigenous traditional knowledge is available to help adapt to these climate problems. Based on the case of the Tao in Taiwan, we believe indigenous peoples should be involved and given support to use their traditional knowledge in preventing and mitigating climate-related hazards.
Tzu-Ming Liu is an Assistant Professor of Environmental Economics and Natural Resource Management at the Graduate Institute of Marine Affairs, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan. His research focuses on spatial econometrics, natural resource economics, tourism economics, climate change adaptation, and indigenous traditional environmental knowledge.
This article is part of the special issue on energy and environment.
Climate ChangeEnvironmentindigenous people
Previous Post: Different Shades of Green: Indigenous Protests Against Solar Energy
Next Post: Tsai's Triple Stimulus Voucher Programme and a Missed Opportunity
The Taiwan Studies Programme is a research centre based at the University of Nottingham focusing on all aspects of contemporary Taiwan. The Taiwan Studies Programme does not privilege political positions and the views published on Taiwan Insight are those of the author and not the institute.
If you are interested in writing for Taiwan Insight, please contact:
Dr Chun-Yi Lee
Taiwan Studies Programme Director and Taiwan Insight Editor in Chief
Taiwan Studies Programme
NG7 2RD
Chun-yi.Lee@nottingham.ac.uk
Team members:
Sam Robbins
Taiwan Insight Editor and Social Media Officer
Taiwan Insight Editor
Karolina Wysoczanska
Taiwan Insight Manager and Editor
Archives Select Month January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 April 2017 December 2016 November 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016
Categories Select Category Culture and society Architecture Cinema Family Gender Housing Indigenous issues Language Law LGBTQ Literature Media Music Philosophy Popular culture Religion Buddhism Interfaith Spirituality Society Sport Taiwanese Cinema Tourism Defence Demography Demographic challenges Migration Movement Population in Taiwan Economy Asian tigers Business FDI industry Inequality Labour Political economy Trade Education Studying Abroad Environment Climate Change Energy Health Covid-19 Mental health World Health Organisation History Colonialism inequality Politics Corruption Democracy Diplomacy Domestic Elections Elections 2020 Foreign policy Human rights International relations Australia New Southbound Policy Taiwan-Africa Nigeria Taiwan-Asia China Cross-Strait Taiwan-East Asia Hong Kong SAR Japan Pacific region Singapore South China Sea South East Asia Taiwan-EU Taiwan-CEE Taiwan-Latin America Taiwan-Turkey Taiwan-US Taiwan-US-China Taiwan-Vatican Local governments Regular contributors Chieh-Chi Hsieh Gerrit van der Wees Ian Inkster J. Michael Cole John F. Copper Joseph Bosco Mark Wenyi Lai Milo Hsieh Qi Dongtao Sam Robbins Timothy Rich Yu-Hua Chen Security Cybersecurity Defence Military Taiwan Yushan Forum Technology Uncategorized