Who doesn't love an excuse to do something new or different?! I always get inspired by the city, no matter what city it is or how long I am there for. It was a great change of pace, especially at the end of a busy wedding season. Brittany and Dan did a lot of leg work for me to scout some cool locations, and we made it to just about all of them and had a great time too!


"I thought our forwards were really skating tonight, and as a back end, as a group, it wasn't there," defenseman Thomas Hickey said.
Capuano said he wanted to get the 20-year-old center "acclimated in our meetings" before he plays.
"It's about us making sure we're staying in the pack in the West here," he said.


text:
New Acquisitions > Harold Dunbar (1882-1953)
Harold Dunbar (1882-1953)
West Barnstable Dunes
Harold Dunbar was an impressionist landscape painter, art instructor and writer who was born in Brockton, Massachusetts in 1882 and died there in 1957. He resided and had studios in Waverly, Brookline, Belmont and Chatham, Massachusetts and was highly recognized for his sumptuous impressionistic landscapes of New England. Dunbar took art lessons from Edmund C. Tarbell in Boston and considered Tarbell his "mentor". He exhibited at the Boston Art Club (1905-1907); the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art (1906, 1913, 1917-23, 1931); the Corcoran Gallery, Washington, D.C. (1914); the American Watercolor Society (1917) and the Art Institute, Chicago. He was the Editor of the Cape Cod Beacon and director of Chatham summer art classes (1915-1950s). Dunbar's work is represented in collections at Radcliffe College; State House, Montpelier, Vermont; Beuchner Hospital, Youngstown, Ohio; Empire Theatre, New York City; Museum of the City of New York; Municipal Collection, McPherson, Kansas; Little Theatre, Chatham, MA and elsewhere.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Native and wildlife friendly, this blush pink Persicaria is taller than Persicaria amphibia. It produces similar bottle brush flower heads that are held stifly upright above dense olive green foliage. The oblong leaves can be up to 30cm long and form great cover for emerging wildlife from your pond. Best planted in a shady, sheltered position, although will happily tolerate full sun if there is sufficient moisture available. Also known as Bistort, Red Legs or Snakeweed.
UK Native and Bee Friendly.
Little maintenance is required. Trim just above the water surface after foliage has died back in Autumn to tidy. Propagate by seed or divide in spring or autumn.


text:
MTA Boss: More Fare Capping Ideas are on the Horizon
By Dave Colon
What do you want from it? Photo: David Meyer
It's our December donation drive! Click the logo for info or use the cool widget on the top right of this page (or at the bottom of this post if you are on mobile).
Fewer people are buying unlimited MetroCards, so the MTA is digging through its data to figure out what new discount program will get riders back on the train.
MTA Chairman and CEO Janno Lieber said last week that the MTA is especially interested in watching how and when riders are getting around in an attempt to figure out what, if any, new discounts the transit agency may offer in the future. Currently, OMNY users have to pay for 12 subway and/or bus rides before getting the rest of their rides for free that week, a practice known as fare-capping.
"The good thing about OMNY is it gives us enormous flexibility to develop and implement a range of different discounts over time depending on rider behavior," Lieber said. "We've had pretty good pickup on the Lucky 13, so we're going to keep trying to use that new flexibility to develop a discount profile that matches what our riders are telling us through their behavior."
The MTA is going to need to figure it out, because riders are already voting with their feet (as in not using them to get into the subway), which has drastic consequences for the agency's extremely troubled budget.
It will also be nearly impossible for the MTA to raise enough money from ridership to fill its fiscal hole. Last week, State Comptroller Tom DiNapoli released a report pointing out that if the MTA tried to balance its budget on the backs of riders, it would have to raise fares an astounding 19 percent even above the already budgeted fare hikes the agency planned for 2023 and 2025.
The MTA's post-Covid ridership rebound is coming in lower than the agency had previously expected, but the agency has done slightly better at the farebox than it predicted in this year's budget. But the reason is a double-edged sword: there may be fewer riders than usual, but they're each paying slightly more to ride. According to the MTA's October Financial and Ridership report, farebox revenue through October has been $2.5 billion, which is 4 percent higher than expected because the agency is taking in a higher-than-average fare on the bus and subway. The agency also noted the same decline in upfront payments for unlimited rides in its November Financial plan.
"Commuting patterns remain impacted by the pandemic, and most riders are not using payment options — such as monthly tickets on Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North, and seven- and 30-day MetroCards — that when used to their fullest extent offer the lowest average fare per trip," MTA staff wrote.
In 2019, the last normal year, about 52 percent of riders were buying seven- or 30-day unlimited MetroCards. By October this year, the MTA said that fewer than 30 percent of riders were using either of the unlimited cards to get around. Transit ridership has settled into a midweek peak, with riders especially hating Mondays, making the 30-day MetroCards an especially unappealing option for workers who formerly went to the office five days per week.
"We want a New York that's better than before, and we want a transit system that adapts to new commuting power patterns," said Citizens Budget Commission President Andrew Rein. "We're going to have different patterns of people commuting different places, and we've got to be planning that way. We can't be planning for 2019."
Lieber said he would task the MTA staff — which came up with the initial OMNY fare cap and other discounts introduced earlier this year — to see how those pilot programs have done and come up with some new discounts. According to the MTA, 2,372,000 riders have hit the weekly fare cap and taken 7,732,000 rides since it was introduced on Feb. 28.
As part of the November Financial plan released last week, MTA CFO Kevin Willens said that the agency was willing to raise fares 1.5 percent higher than originally planned in 2023 and 2025 in order to raise $50 million more than previously expected in 2023 and $100 million each year from 2024 to 2026. But new discounts could also help juice ridership, and are especially important in an era where the MTA leadership is both considering bringing back its regularly scheduled fare hikes, but also telling state legislators that the transit system needs more dedicated funding sources as opposed to a shock 5.5-percent fare hike.
But it's not a long-term fix.
"[Increased] ridership is going to help get out of the fiscal crisis, but it is not going to solve the financial problems of the MTA," said Lisa Daglian, the executive director of the Permanent Citizens Advisory Committee to the MTA. "We can never go backwards and look at farebox revenue as the funding paradigm for the way transit is paid for. It has to be a more regular, dedicated and reliable funding stream like we see in other systems but providing flexibility, providing incentives for getting people back on board and making fast, reliable, safe, clean and accessible service the hallmark of this system is also what's going to make people want to come back."
Filed Under: MTA, Transit, Transit Funding
Are Council Members Ready to Pay for Their MTA Wish List?
By Noah Kazis | Mar 6, 2012
The New York City Council doesn't like the MTA's budget. And really, who would? Fares and tolls are scheduled to rise in 2013 and again in 2015, bus lines cut in 2010 aren't scheduled to ever come back, and the MTA is assuming net zero increases for transit worker compensation. It's a product of worldwide […]
Beyond the MetroCard: Faster Buses, Better Rail Access, Fairer Fares
By Ben Fried | Feb 28, 2018
Changing the way we pay for transit is about much more than carrying around a new type of farecard.
Janno To Albany: Fund the MTA Like the Fire Department (Wait, Like Free?)
By Dave Colon | Dec 16, 2021
Could this finally kickstart a discussion of free transit?
Fuel Costs, Declining Revenues Slam MTA. Will Anyone Face the Facts?
By Ben Fried | Jul 23, 2008
The MTA just released some figures from its preliminary 2009 financial plan. Here's what was actually happening to our transit system while the dailies were focused like a laser beam on board members' travel perks and the CEO's "scandalous" three percent raise: The July Financial Plan assumes an increase of $81 million in 2008 and […]
Fare Hike Coverage: We Know the Effect, But What About the Cause?
By Ben Fried | Jun 29, 2009
Ben Kabak at Second Avenue Sagas is on a roll critiquing media coverage of the MTA fare hike, which went into effect yesterday. Last week he questioned the coalition-building skills of transit advocates. Today he goes after the reporters: Instead of focusing on the whys and wherefores of the fare hike, instead of explaining how […]
MTA and City Screw Working Poor with So-Called 'Fair Fares'
By David Meyer | Nov 15, 2018
A discount on weekly and monthly Metrocards doesn't help the working poor — who tend to pay as they go because they don't have big money to spend up front.


When it comes to the word "safe," there are two sides of the story for Christians. I was reminded of this while I was preparing to preach at Sanctuary on Sunday morning. I was working on the idea of not playing it safe, but my friend Tim Morey emailed his congregation, urging people to find safe places. So on one hand, safety is something to be avoided, and on another hand, it is something we need.
"Many Christians are so busy defending their own end zone that they have forgotten the joy of scoring touchdowns. We fret over what might happen to our stuff, our reputation, our standing, our children, our ideology and our investments, and in the process we forget that we have these things so we can live fully for Christ. All the things we value were never meant to be safeguarded. They were meant to be put at risk and spent, for we are in a life-and-death battle (Ephesians 6:10-13)" (p. 106-107).
Likewise, in my sermon on Acts 5:12-42, I talked about the apostles being directed by God to do the one thing they knew would cost them their welfare, physical health, reputations, social standing, and pretty much all else -- they were to spread the good news about Jesus and call people to faith, even after being sternly warned by the powerful Sanhedrin not to teach about Jesus anymore. Jesus tells them to "be his witnesses," and the Sanhedrin warns them to "stop teaching in this name." What will they do? They go on teaching -- out in the most public place possible, the temple. We talked about how everyone knew what was going to happen to the apostles, and yet they taught about Jesus anyway. They valued obedience and faithfulness over their own safety. Are we listening?
Acts 5 teaches us not to play it safe. And Haugen states that the question "Am I going to be brave, or am I going to be safe?" is the question of this generation. Nothing happens when we play it safe. So let's agree that it's not good to play it safe.
Nice post Dave! Three cheers for safe places full of risk-taking people!
interesting dichotomy - and so true!


text:
Bloglander
PRIMARY SOURCE: The first (strangely California-focused) "death threat" letter in the Dolezal case
Posted By Daniel Walters on Sat, Aug 22, 2015 at 9:18 AM
This week, a controversy over whether Shaun King, a prominent Black Lives Matter activist, was actually white bubbled up, resulting in him giving this explanation to the Daily Kox. It also meant former Spokane NAACP president Rachel Dolezal was once again the subject of national conversation.
Recently, the Inlander obtained police images of the alleged "death threat" package that Dolezal supposedly received earlier this year in the NAACP's P.O. box. Since then, local media outlets have raised questions about the veracity of the threats after the revelation that there was no postmark on the letter, making it unlikely it was sent through the mail.
Looking through the letter raises new questions.
For one, does the letter actually contain death threats against Dolezal?
There's no question the contents are racist and include many references to lynchings, race wars and shooting black people. But as a death threat letter, it's a strange one. It only mentions Dolezal on one page and never threatens her personally.
Hate speech is constitutionally protected. "True threats" are not.
So is this constitutionally protected free speech? Is it a "true threat?" And if it was meant as a specific threat against Dolezal, why include all that stuff about the Richmond refinery explosion, Chris Kyle, military benefits and illegal immigration visas? And why did a subsequent letter appear to apologize to Dolezal?
And if the entire thing was faked by Dolezal, as has been suggested, why would she include all the stuff about California? Why wouldn't she make it clearer that the letter was meant as a death threat? And why would she subsequently send a letter to herself, with an Oakland postmark, apologizing to herself for causing herself grief, and then pretend that letter was yet another death threat?
1. Note the lack of postmark on the stamp that ended up drawing a lot of skepticism. The 2014 4th of July forever stamp is the same type of stamp used on subsequent messages, postmarked from Oakland, California, ostensibly also received by Dolezal. The envelope itself appears to be inscribed in pen, while the contents inside are inscribed with both pen and marker.
2. The "No More Hesitation" pictures, appearing to point a gun at the viewer, are from this set of law enforcement targets that made a stir back in January. For more information on the Zebra Killings, read this LA Times article.
3. Norman Thomas never said that quote. The second quote is from a "New World Order" conspiracy book. And that quote supposedly from Voltaire? Probably came from a white supremacist instead.
4. Another California-based article, this one from SF Examiner about then-attorney-general Eric Holder. The "Come and Take It" graphic with the gun appears to be a targeted web ad that appeared alongside the story rather than something placed there intentionally by "War Pig" or the author of the article.
5. The SF article continues, with arguably the most threatening message at the bottom (though Dolezal herself is not mentioned.) "Necktie Party" is an idiom that has historically referred to lynchings and executions.
6. The Shorty Belton graphic is a familiar one in Spokane. The article below is a piece available at Down Trend by a guy named V. Saxena ("a proud conservative who originally started out as a radical Ed-Schultz-loving Leftist loon").
7. The "NAACP prez has her panties in a twist" article appears to be a dead link.
8. The full text of this article, again focused on California, can be found here.
9. Here are the links to the Breitbart story (again about California) and a political cartoon.
10. One of the few original rants from War Pig applauds the Contra Costa County Deputy Sheriffs Association, for fighting against a pay increase for county supervisors. It also angrily laments the impact of retirement-benefits cuts on the military.
11. A Washington Post article, posted by the Pittsburgh Tribune, on the aforementioned military-benefits cuts.
12. A Google search for "ignorant, trigger happy rednecks" results in a few hits, but none relating to the Bundy ranch or the Alamo. Here's a link to the conspiracy theory about special forces during Hurricane Katrina. "NWO" typically stands for New World Order, either a conspiracy-theory or a pro-wrestling group.
13. A Dallas Observer story about the Texas governor honoring the man American Sniper was based on.
14. Again, an attack against a California politician. This also includes the first of many lynching photos from "Without Sanctuary" a collection of photographs showing the stark ugliness of historical lynching.
15. More lynching photos from without sanctuary. "Knockout 101" may be a reference to the so-called "Knockout game," a supposed trend of sucker punching strangers that made its way around the media in 2013. Or it may just be celebrating lynching.
16. A reference to an oil refinery explosion in Richmond, California, in 2012.
17. A story from National Public Radio about the use of black mug shots for target practice. The "Hey man, nice shot" comment from War Pig appears to celebrate violence against black people. It is also a "1995 single by the industrial rock band Filter."
18. This appears to be an article from the American Free Press, a publication known for spreading anti-Semitic conspiracy theories. You can find the text here.
Tags: Rachel Dolezal , News , Image
How to help wildfire victims across the Inland Northwest
If you MUST live on minimum wage, Spokane's a great place to do it
Photographer's perspective: The unlikely origin of a 2010 Rachel Dolezal photo
By Young Kwak
76 false or otherwise #problematic statements from Rachel Dolezal, and counting
Dolezal removed from police oversight panel
By Jake Thomas
The Rachel We Knew
EDITOR'S NOTE: How Rachel Dolezal came to write for the Inlander
By Jacob H. Fries
The Real Rachel Dolezal
The story goes far beyond just a white woman portraying herself as black
UPDATED Report: Rachel Dolezal and other ombudsman commissioners "abused their authority"
By Jake Thomas and Daniel Walters
Dolezal resigns as Spokane NAACP president
Last night, the Rachel Dolezal story became a Twitter feeding frenzy
The second "War Pigs" letter sent to Rachel Dolezal was an apology letter, not a threat
Media firestorm swirls around Rachel Dolezal, the local NAACP president
By Daniel Walters and Jake Thomas
Speaking of Rachel Dolezal , News
Gleason receives Congressional Gold Medal, downtown stadium idea might be back on the table, and other headlines
Latest in Bloglander
Bike sharrows on I-90 and 24 other possibly unsound proposals to make Spokane more bicycle-friendly
7-Eleven Day 2018 is here, Fox News still harping on Hillary and other morning headlines
By Quinn Welsch
Trump nominates Kavanaugh for Supreme Court, Thai team safe and other morning headlines
Seattle roadtrip: Harry Styles proves himself more than a teenage heartthrob
By Brooke Carlson
Owners of the Bartlett are opening a new, larger music venue in Browne's Addition
By Nathan Weinbender
A high school senior in Spokane built a tiny home for a school project and plans to live in it during college
Rainy, but not gloomy, Spokane Pride Parade draws a crowd in spite of the weather
ACLU sues for opioid treatment in Whatcom Jail; Spokane is considering its own treatment program
By Mitch Ryals
Spokane Arts: Poetry Out Loud Regional Finals @ Downtown Spokane Library
Thu., Jan. 30, 7-9 p.m.
More by Daniel Walters
The Spokane GOP's Matt Shea statement includes neither the word 'Matt' nor 'Shea'
North Idaho legislator booted for tax fraud, most black Americans see Trump as racist, and other headlines
Daniel Walters
A lifelong Spokane native, staff writer Daniel Walters is the Inlander's City Hall reporter. But he also reports on a wide swath of other topics, including business, education, real estate development, land use, and other stories throughout North Idaho and Spokane County.He's reported on deep flaws in the Washington...


text:
\section{Introduction}
Double-beta decay~\cite{DBDReview} is a rare spontaneous process in which the atomic number of a nucleus changes by two units.
It can only occur in some even-even nuclei where single-beta decay is energetically forbidden.
Two-neutrino double-beta decay mode (2$\nu$DBD) conserves the lepton number and is allowed by the Standard Model of particle physics.
It is the rarest decay ever observed, with half-lives in the range (10$^{19}$ -- 10$^{24}$)$\,$y~\cite{2nudbd}.
Neutrinoless double-beta decay (0$\nu$DBD) has never been observed and the half-life lower limits are in the range (10$^{21}$ -- 10$^{26}$)$\,$y.
Its observation would prove that the total lepton number is not conserved, and that neutrinos are Majorana particles~\cite{Valle}.
Under the assumption that 0$\nu$DBD takes place by the exchange of a light Majorana neutrino, the inverse of the decay half-life can be written as
\begin{equation}\label{eq:decayrate}
\frac{1}{T^{0\nu}_{1/2}} ~ = ~
G^{0\nu} \left| M^{0\nu}\right|^2 \frac{\left< m_{\beta\beta}\right>^2}{m_e^2},
\end{equation}
where $G^{0\nu}$ represents the decay phase-space, $M^{0\nu}$ is a matrix element that accounts for the nuclear part of the decay, $m_e$ is the electron mass, and $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>=\left|\sum_i{U^2_{ei}m_i}\right|$ is a function of the neutrino masses and the neutrino mixing matrix elements.
Formula~\ref{eq:decayrate} links the experimentally measurable decay half-life to $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$, which encloses information about neutrino properties.
$\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ can be expressed as a function of four unknown parameters: the sign of $\Delta$m$^2_{23}$, the mass of the lightest neutrino, and two Majorana phases.
This is represented in fig.~\ref{fig:mbb_mlight}, reprinted from~\cite{delloro}.

\begin{figure}[!b]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.65\textwidth]{fig1}
\caption{Allowed value for $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ as a function of the mass of the lightest neutrino for normal (NH, red band) and inverted (IH, green band) neutrino mass hierarchy.
  Reprinted from~\cite{delloro}.}
\label{fig:mbb_mlight}
\end{figure}

If the assumption of the exchange of a light Majorana neutrino is valid, then
0$\nu$DBD could also give information on the neutrino mass hierarchy and the absolute scale.
Moreover this assumption allows to compare the sensitivity of 0$\nu$DBD searches based on different isotopes.
This comes at the cost of introducing uncertainties from the theoretical calculation of $M^{0\nu}$, which cannot be performed exactly.
Several models exist that make different approximations, leading to results whose reliability is difficult to assess.
A big effort has been put in these calculations in recent years, resulting into a better agreement between different models.
See e.g.~\cite{Engel} for a recent review.

In principle 0$\nu$DBD has a clear experimental signature.
The sum-energy of the two emitted electrons is fixed and equal to Q$_{\beta\beta}$, the Q-value of the decay.
This signal is qualitatively different from that of 2$\nu$DBD, in which part of the energy is carried away undetected by the two anti-neutrinos, resulting in a continuous energy spectrum extending up to Q$_{\beta\beta}$.
The value of Q$_{\beta\beta}$ and other relevant quantities are reported in table~\ref{tab:isotopes} for a selection of experimentally interesting isotopes.
Q$_{\beta\beta}$ lies in the energy range of natural radioactivity, which represents the dominant source of background for experiments.
Since the signal must be maximized and the background minimized, all experiments searching for 0$\nu$DBD share the need for a large number of source isotopes, a low background and a good energy resolution.

After a brief review of the current status of the experimental searches, we consider as a target sensitivity for future experiments the full exploration of the values of $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ corresponding to the inverted-hierarchy region of the neutrino mass.
We then conclude discussing the experimental techniques that will be used and some of the proposed future experiments.

\begin{table}[bt]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{r|cccc}
  Isotope &  Q$_{\beta\beta}$ [keV] & i.a. [\%] & T$_{1/2}$(0$\nu$DBD) [10$^{25}\,$y] & T$_{1/2}$(2$\nu$DBD) [10$^{21}\,$y] \\
  \hline
  $^{76}$Ge & 2039 & 7.61 & $>$5.3~\cite{Ge0nu} & 1.65$^{+0.14}_{-0.12}$\\
  $^{82}$Se & 2995 & 8.73 & $>$0.036~\cite{Nemo3} & 0.092$\pm$0.007 \\
  $^{100}$Mo & 3034 & 9.63 & $>$0.11~\cite{Nemo3} & 0.0071$\pm$0.0004 \\
  $^{130}$Te & 2528 & 34.17 & $>$0.40~\cite{Te0nu} & 0.69$\pm$0.13 \\
  $^{136}$Xe & 2479 &   8.87 & $>$11~\cite{Xe0nu} & 2.19$\pm$0.06 \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Q-value, isotopic abundance, 0$\nu$DBD half-life limits and 2$\nu$DBD half-life measurements (from~\cite{2nudbd}) for a selection of double-beta decay candidate isotopes.}
\label{tab:isotopes}
\end{center}
\end{table}

\section{Present status of experimental searches}\label{sec:presentstatus}

The best 0$\nu$DBD half-life limits available at present come from experiments studying $^{130}$Te, $^{76}$Ge and $^{136}$Xe (see table~\ref{tab:isotopes}).
These translate into $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ upper limits of (270--760)$\,$meV, (150--330)$\,$meV and (61--165)$\,$meV for $^{130}$Te, $^{76}$Ge and $^{136}$Xe respectively.

The $^{130}$Te result was obtained by CUORE-0~\cite{Te0nu} with an array of 52 TeO$_2$ crystals operated as cryogenic calorimeters.
The detector had a total $^{130}$Te mass of 11$\,$kg, an energy resolution of 5$\,$keV FWHM and a background at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ of 0.058$\,$counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y).
CUORE~\cite{cuore} is a larger and more sensitive version of CUORE-0 that will start data taking in 2017.
The mass of $^{130}$Te is 206$\,$kg and the expected background at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ is 0.01$\,$counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y).
If these performance parameters will be met, CUORE will have a $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ sensitivity in the range (50 -- 130)$\,$meV.

The $^{76}$Ge result was obtained by GERDA~\cite{Ge0nu} using bare germanium detectors enriched in $^{76}$Ge.
The total detector mass is 35.2$\,$kg, with enrichment in $^{76}$Ge going from 7.8\% to 87\%.
The energy resolution is 3$\,$keV in the best detectors, and the background at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ is as low as 0.001$\,$counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y).
The GERDA collaboration plans to continue taking data in the current configuration until an exposure of 100$\,$kg$\cdot$y will be obtained.
The expected half-life sensitivity will be about 2$\cdot$10$^{26}\,$y.

The $^{136}$Xe result was obtained by the KamLAND-Zen~\cite{Xe0nu} collaboration by dissolving xenon in the ultra-pure liquid scintillator of the KamLAND detector.
The total amount of $^{136}$Xe was of 340$\,$kg but the amount of useful isotope mass was sensibly reduced by the fiducial volume cut imposed during data analysis.
The poor energy resolution, 270$\,$keV FWHM, was compensated by the large mass and by the extremely low background of $\sim$160$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the region of interest (ROI).
In 2017 the KamLAND-Zen collaboration plans to reach a sensitivity of about 40$\,$meV on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ by performing minor upgrades to the current detector configuration.

\section{Sensitivity of future searches}
Present and near-future experimental searches have sensitivities on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ not better than (40--50)$\,$meV.
In this section we discuss the general features of future experiments taking as a target a sensitivity on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ of about 15$\,$meV, which corresponds to the full exploration of the inverted region of the neutrino mass-hierarchy.
Using nuclear matrix elements from~\cite{Engel}, this translates into half-life sensitivities roughly in the range (10$^{27}$ -- 10$^{28}$)$\,$y.
We begin discussing the formula that give a rough estimate of the sensitivity $S^{0\nu}$ of a given experiment.
It has different expressions, depending on whether or not the background can be considered negligible.
If the background is not negligible, then we have
$$
S^{0\nu}\;\propto\;\eta\,\varepsilon\,\sqrt{\frac{M\,t}{b\,\Delta E}},
$$
where $\eta$ is the isotopic abundance of the DBD isotope, $\varepsilon$ is the detection efficiency, M is the total detector mass, t is the measurement time, b is the background index expressed in counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y) and $\Delta$E is the FWHM energy resolution.
If instead the background is negligible, we have
$$
S^{0\nu}\;\propto\;\eta\,\varepsilon\,M\,t.
$$
This condition is verified when the total number of expected background counts over the whole duration of the experiment is negligible, i.e. when M$\,$t$\,$b$\,\Delta$E$\,<\,$1, and is obviously preferable because the sensitivity scales linearly with the detector mass.
We note that presently GERDA is the only experiment that was able to obtain this condition of zero-background.

For a given 0$\nu$DBD half-life, the number of expected signal counts N$_s$ can be expressed as N$_s$ = $\ln 2\,\varepsilon\,N_{\beta\beta}\,t\,/\,T^{0\nu}_{1/2}$, where $\varepsilon$ is the detection efficiency and N$_{\beta\beta}$ is the number of isotopes under observation.
Even when the zero-background condition is met, observing a number of signal counts of the order of 1 over a data taking period of the order of one year would demand for a number of source isotopes N$_{\beta\beta}\,\sim\,T^{0\nu}_{1/2}/(1\,y)$.
Therefore about (10$^{27}$ -- 10$^{28}$) source isotopes are needed for a sensitivity of $\sim$15$\,$meV on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$.
This roughly corresponds to one ton of active source mass.

Background from radioactivity represents the major concern for most present experiments, and will be probably the most challenging scientific problem to address in the future.
However, even assuming that this background contribution could be made negligible, there is still a background coming from the high-energy tail of the 2$\nu$DBD spectrum that cannot be eliminated.
The number of background counts from 2$\nu$DBD in an energy window of width $\Delta$E around Q$_{\beta\beta}$ can be expressed as~\cite{DBDReview}
$$
N_{2\nu}~\sim~\frac{1}{T^{2\nu}_{1/2}}\frac{\Delta E^6}{Q^{5}_{\beta\beta}}.
$$
It is therefore preferable to have small $\Delta$E and large Q$_{\beta\beta}$ and T$^{2\nu}_{1/2}$.
Moreover, even when other background sources are made negligible, energy resolution still remains an important parameter for 0$\nu$DBD searches.

Other considerations are related to the choice of the source isotope to be investigated and of the experimental technique to be used.
The two choices are often not disjoint, because certain experimental techniques can only be exploited for some isotopes.
This is true for example for Ge-diodes or Xe-TPCs, which will be discussed in the next section.
Concerning the isotope choice, essentially two factors come into play.
The first is related to Q$_{\beta\beta}$.
Isotopes with large Q$_{\beta\beta}$ are preferable because they allow to obtain lower background levels.
This is not only due to the fact that the background for 2$\nu$DBD is smaller for larger Q$_{\beta\beta}$, but also because the radioactive background is lower at higher energy.
In this regard a clear distinction can be made between isotopes with Q$_{\beta\beta}$ smaller or larger than 2615$\,$keV, which is the energy of the most intense $\gamma$-line from natural radioactivity.
Other important aspects are the isotopic abundance of the isotope under investigation and the cost for its enrichment~\cite{barabash2012}.
Finally, one could wonder if there are isotopes with a larger expected signal rate for a given amount of source mass.
As pointed out in~\cite{Robertson}, this does not turn out to be the case, as all interesting isotopes are almost equivalent in this regard.

\section{Future searches}\label{sec:futureexp}
We now discuss the experimental techniques that will be used in future 0$\nu$DBD searches and present some of the most promising experiments that implement them.

\subsection{Germanium detectors}
Germanium detectors feature superior energy resolution and allow to discriminate very effectively between single-site (electron-like) and multi-site ($\gamma$-like) energy releases.
This experimental technique can only be applied to $^{76}$Ge, that has a not so high Q$_{\beta\beta}$ of 2039$\,$keV.
Nevertheless, thanks to particle discrimination germanium experiments already demonstrated background rates as low as 0.001$\,$counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y).
The mass scalability of this technique can be extended to the ton scale, but probably not much more than that.
Enrichment in $^{76}$Ge is feasible and already used in experiments, however it is somehow expensive if compared to other isotopes.

The GERDA~\cite{Ge0nu} and Majorana~\cite{Majorana} experiments aim at building a ton-scale germanium experiment, joining their scientific and financial efforts.
GERDA was already discussed in section~\ref{sec:presentstatus}, it demonstrated the possibility to obtain an energy resolution of 3$\,$keV FWHM and background as low as 2$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the ROI.
The experiment is currently running with a total detector mass of 36$\,$kg.
Majorana is currently more focused on the radioassay of the materials to be used in the construction of a ton-scale detector~\cite{MajoranaNim}.
A background of less than 3.5$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the ROI is expected, however the current prototype detectors measured a slightly higher background corresponding to about 23$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y).

\subsection{Bolometric detectors}
Bolometers feature an energy resolution ($\sim$5$\,$keV) comparable to that of germanium detectors and can be exploited to investigate several isotopes.
It has been already demonstrated by CUORE that the detector mass can be extended up to the ton scale, but it probably cannot be increased much more than that.
Radioactive background is the main concern for current bolometric experiments, but the situation can be improved by the introduction of active background rejection techniques.
This is what is planned for CUPID~\cite{cupid1,cupid2}, an upgrade of CUORE with particle-identification capabilities aiming at a background of 0.1$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the ROI and a $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ sensitivity in the 15$\,$meV range.
Two possible strategies are being considered.
The first is to use enriched $^{130}$TeO$_2$ crystals and to perform particle discrimination based on the Cerenkov radiation emitted by 0$\nu$DBD electrons and not by background $\alpha$ particles.
The second is to move to an isotope with Q$_{\beta\beta}$ above 2615$\,$keV and use enriched scintillating crystals such as Zn$^{82}$Se or Li$^{100}$MoO$_{4}$. In this case the particle discrimination would be based on the different light yield of electrons and $\alpha$ particles.
Another promising bolometric experiment is AMoRE~\cite{amore}.
It is still at a preliminary stage, but the plan is to build an array of $^{48depl}$Ca$^{100}$MoO$_4$ scintillating bolometers with a mass of 200$\,$kg and a background of about 1$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the ROI.
The expected sensitivity on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ is of about 15$\,$meV.

\subsection{Xenon time-projection chambers}
Noble gas or liquid time-projection chambers (TPC) are widely employed in rare event searches.
TPCs for 0$\nu$DBD are filled with xenon enriched in $^{136}$Xe.
The radioactive contaminations can be made very low, and
there are R\&D activities aiming at tagging the Ba$^{++}$ daughter nucleus emitted in double-beta decay.
If these R\&D succeed, only the background from 2$\nu$DBD would remain.
Gaseous TPC are filled with $^{enr}$Xe at pressure as high as 10$\,$bar.
In this environment electrons tracks are a few cm long, and background suppression based on event-topology reconstruction can be performed.
In high-pressure gaseous TPCs the mass scalability is possible, but obviously harder than in liquid TPCs.
The energy resolution can be smaller than 1\% FWHM at Q$_{\beta\beta}$, fairly adequate to make 2$\nu$DBD background negligible.
In liquid xenon TPCs it is easier to increase the source mass, but the energy resolution is not optimal.

EXO is a liquid xenon TPC containing 150$\,$kg of $^{enr}$Xe.
The energy resolution at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ is 3.5\% FWHM and the background is of about 10$^{-3}\,$counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y).
A planned extension of EXO, called nEXO~\cite{nexo}, will contain 5$\,$ton of enriched xenon.
Thanks to the better self-shielding of the larger detector volume, and if the energy resolution will be improved to 2.5\% FWHM, nEXO could be able to obtain a background of about 2$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the ROI, or even lower if Ba$^{++}$ tagging will be implemented.
The expected sensitivity on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ will be (15 -- 25)$\,$meV.
The NEXT collaboration will start operating a 100$\,$kg high pressure xenon TPC in 2018~\cite{next100}.
The expected energy resolution and background at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ are 0.7\% FWHM and less than 10$^{-3}\,$counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$y) respectively.
A ton scale experiment would have background of about 10$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y) in the ROI, but this can be reduced by improving the energy resolution and the design of the detector.
The PandaX-III project~\cite{pandax} plans to build a 1-ton xenon experiment made of five identical high-pressure xenon TPC of 200$\,$kg each.
The expected energy resolution and background at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ are 1\% FWHM and about 1.5$\,$counts/(ton$\cdot$y), resulting in a $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ sensitivity of (20 -- 50)$\,$meV.

\subsection{Tracking detectors}
Tracking detectors are different from other 0$\nu$DBD techniques because here the source isotope is not embedded in the detector.
It is deposited on foils, and the track and energy of the emitted electrons are measured by conventional gas detectors and calorimeters.
This approach allows to investigate any isotope that can undergo double-beta decay.
Energy resolution is quite poor, because part of the electrons energy is released in the source foils themselves and is not measured.
This problem is mitigated by making the source foils very thin, but this imposes severe limits in the mass scalability of this technique.
Nevertheless the reconstruction of the electron tracks provides excellent background suppression and allows to study the angular distribution of the decay~\cite{SuperNemo}.
This feature would be very important to study decay mechanism alternative to the exchange of a light Majorana neutrino.

The SuperNEMO collaboration plans to build a tracking experiment with a source mass of about 100$\,$kg of $^{82}$Se.
This isotope has a Q$_{\beta\beta}$ above 2615$\,$keV and the 2$\nu$DBD half-life is long enough to make its contribution to the background negligible.
The projected sensitivity on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ is in the (50 -- 100)$\,$meV range.
The detector will be composed by 20 identical modules.
The commissioning of the first prototype module was completed recently, it contains a source mass of 7$\,$kg in $^{82}$Se, and the measured energy resolution is 8\% FWHM at 1$\,$MeV.

\subsection{Loaded liquid scintillators}
Large volume liquid scintillator detectors can be loaded with double-beta decay isotopes, and can obtain source masses that are hardly achievable with other techniques.
Future experiments are considering $^{130}$Te and $^{136}$Xe as isotopes, which are relatively cheap to enrich.
Energy resolution is far from being optimal, but is compensated by the very low background and the large mass.
As already discussed in section~\ref{sec:presentstatus}, a very effective demonstration of this technique is KamLAND-Zen.
A planned upgrade of this experiment will see the deployment of one ton of enriched xenon, resulting in an expected sensitivity of about 20$\,$meV on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$.
This will be possible only after a major detector upgrade that will reduce the energy resolution at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ to 5\% FWHM and therefore mitigate the background from 0$\nu$DBD decay.
A similar approach is being pursued by the SNO+ experiment~\cite{sno}.
In this case the plan is to load 780$\,$ton of liquid scintillator with 0.5\% in mass of natural tellurium.
This will correspond to about 1.3$\,$ton of $^{130}$Te, or about 0.25$\,$ton after fiducial volume cuts.
The data taking is expected to start in about two years, and after five years of data taking, the expected sensitivity on $\left<m_{\beta\beta}\right>$ is of (40 -- 90)$\,$meV.
Using $^{130}$Te instead of natural tellurium, or increasing its concentration, could increase the sensitivity in the future.

\section{Conclusion}
We discussed the target sensitivity of future neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments aiming at the full exploration of the inverted region of the neutrino mass-hierarchy, and the scientific challenges they will have to face.
The targets to be achieved are a source mass of the order of one ton and a background of about one count/(ton$\cdot$y) in the region of interest.
No experiment at present can fulfill these requirements, but promising proposals could meet them in the next decade.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Wine tasting - June Rodil, Beverage Director of 2nd Bar+Kitchen and Chris McFall, sommelier of the Paggi House relax with the Waters Syrah and recount their recent trip to the wineries of Walla Walla and Columbia Valley in Washington state.
Mercer Estates Dead Canyon Cabernet Sauvignon - a wine tasting with Bill Elsey. Washington State, Columbia Valley, Cabernet Sauvignon.
Mercer Estates Gone Fishin' Riesling - a wine tasting with Bill Elsey for Wines.com TV. Washington State wines, Columbia Valley, Riesling.
Wine Tasting - Join Bill Elsey as he tastes and reviews Washington State, Columbia Valley, Mercer Estates Chardonnay.
Mercer Estates Sauvignon Blanc - a Wine Tasting with Bill Elsey. Check out his review of the Mercer Estates Sauvignon Blanc, Columbia Valley, Washington.
Wine Tasting - Join June Rodil, Beverage Director of 2nd Bar + Kitchen, and Chris McFall, Sommelier for the Paggi House as they taste Pepper Bridge Merlot, of their favorites from a recent tour of Walla Walla, WA.


Sandstorm Gold Ltd. ("Sandstorm" or the "Company") (NYSE MKT: SAND, TSX: SSL) has entered into three agreements with Yamana Gold Inc. ("Yamana") (NYSE: AUY, TSX: YRI) that include production streams from up to five of Yamana's projects. For upfront consideration of US$148 million in cash, US$4 million in cash payable in six months and 15 million warrants of the Company, Sandstorm will receive a silver stream on the Cerro Moro development project in Argentina ("Cerro Moro") that includes interim silver deliveries during years 2016 to 2018 from currently operating mines, a copper stream on the operating Chapada mine in Brazil ("Chapada") and a potential gold stream on the Agua Rica project in Argentina ("Early Deposit Gold Stream"). The Sandstorm warrants issued to Yamana have a strike price of US$3.50, a term of 5 years and are exercisable upon achievement of specific milestones with respect to the construction of Cerro Moro (the "Transaction").
9.0% of the silver produced thereafter, for the life of the mine.
52% of the silver produced, up to a maximum of 100,000 ounces of silver annually from Chapada.
Sandstorm will make ongoing payments for each ounce of silver received, equal to 30% of the spot price per ounce of silver.
If by January 1, 2019, the Cerro Moro processing facility has not averaged 80% of its daily nameplate production capacity over a 30-day period (the "Commencement of Production"), then Yamana's producing El Peñon mine in Chile ("El Peñon") will provide a 24 month backstop until the Commencement of Production is satisfied. During the 24 month backstop, if applicable, Sandstorm will purchase an amount of silver equal to 16% of El Peñon's silver production up to a maximum of 1.2 million ounces per annum, which is expected to generate US$13 million of cash flow per year to the Company.
If Cerro Moro has not achieved the Commencement of Production and Sandstorm has not received cumulative pre-tax cash flow equal to US$70 million from the Silver Stream, then the First Chapada Delivery Threshold and the Second Chapada Delivery Threshold (as defined below) will cease to be in effect and Sandstorm will continue to purchase 4.2% of Chapada's payable copper production, up to a maximum of 3.9 million pounds of copper annually, until such time as Sandstorm has received cumulative pre-tax cash flow equal to US$70 million, or Cerro Moro has achieved the Commencement of Production.
The Silver Stream on Cerro Moro is based on production from the project and was structured between Sandstorm's Canadian parent company and a Yamana entity outside of Argentina and therefore, the Company does not anticipate being subject to tax risk or currency risk outside of Canada.
The Cerro Moro project is located approximately 70 kilometres southwest of the coastal port city of Puerto Deseado in the Santa Cruz province of Argentina. Cerro Moro contains a number of high grade epithermal gold and silver deposits, some of which will be mined via open pit and some via underground mining methods. In February 2015, Yamana announced that it would proceed with the construction of Cerro Moro. The current plan indicates average annual production in the first three years of 135,000 ounces of gold and 6.7 million ounces of silver, with the life of mine annual production averaging approximately 102,000 ounces of gold and 5 million ounces of silver at a throughput of 1,000 tonnes per day. The concentrator will consist of a standard crushing, grinding and flotation circuit with a counter current decantation and a Merrill Crowe circuit included.
According to Yamana, the procurement of long lead items is underway and Cerro Moro remains on track for construction to begin in early 2016, commencing with select bulk earthworks activities. Project capital costs, as estimated in Q1 2015, are approximately US$265 million which includes US$31 million in late 2015 for detailed engineering and pre-development.
1.5% of the copper produced thereafter, for the life of the mine.
Sandstorm will make ongoing payments for each pound of copper received equal to 30% of the spot price per pound of copper.
Chapada is an open pit gold-copper mine located 270 kilometres northwest of Brasília in Goiás state, Brazil and has been in production since 2007. The ore is treated through a flotation plant with capacity of 22 million tonnes per annum. The Chapada operations have a mine life of over 20 years based on the most recent Proven and Probable Reserves and the mine is projected to produce 120,000 ounces of gold, 120 million pounds of copper and 305,000 ounces of silver during the 2015 year.
Yamana has benefitted from significant discoveries at Chapada in the past and expects to complete 10,000 metres of exploration drilling and 12,000 metres of infill drilling over the course of 2015. The drill campaign has identified a 1.5 kilometre strike length of mineralization which remains open to the southwest and to depth. Exploration will continue to test both the strike and down dip extensions of the mineral body. The infill drilling programs are focused on upgrading mineral resources.
In exchange for a US$12 million payment, US$4 million of which is payable in six months (the "Advance Payment"), Sandstorm has entered into an Early Deposit Gold Stream agreement on the Agua Rica project, a large 1,400 million tonne, copper-molybdenum-gold porphyry deposit. At the time when 25% of the construction of Agua Rica has been completed, Sandstorm may elect to make an additional advance payment in an amount between US$135 million and US$225 million based on the following formula: US$150,000 multiplied by the price of gold plus US$7.5 million (the "Additional Advance Payment"). If Sandstorm elects to pay the Additional Advance Payment, the Company will have the right to purchase an amount of gold equal to 20% of the life of mine gold produced from Agua Rica. Sandstorm would make ongoing payments for each ounce of gold received, equal to 30% of the spot price per ounce of gold.
If Sandstorm elects not to pay the Additional Advance Payment, the Advance Payment will convert into a 0.25% net smelter returns royalty on Agua Rica and all other rights under the Early Deposit Gold Stream agreement will terminate. In addition, in the event that Sandstorm wishes to syndicate the gold stream to a third party, it has the right to transfer any and all of its rights and obligations, under certain conditions.
Agua Rica is a porphyry copper, molybdenum, gold and silver deposit located in the province of Catamarca, Argentina. In March 2015, Yamana signed a Definitive Agreement with the provincial Government of Catamarca, Argentina, represented by the provincial mining company Catamarca Mineria y Energetica Sociedad del Estado ("CAMYEN"). The agreement advances the Memorandum of Understanding between CAMYEN and Yamana, which set the groundwork for cooperation to consolidate important mining projects and prospective properties in the province, creating the Catamarca mining district.
The following table sets forth the Mineral Reserve estimates for Chapada as at December 31, 2014.
The following table set forth the Mineral Resources for Chapada as at December 31, 2014.
Mineral Reserves: $1,150 Au, $3.00 Cu, $4.55 average cut-off, $1,150 Au, $3.00 Cu and $4.84 average cut-off. $900 Au; 0.2 g/t Au cut-off for oxide ore and 0.3 g/t Au cut-off for sulphide ore in Suruca Gold Project.
Mineral Resources: $1,500 Au, $3.50 Cu and $4.81 NSR cut-off out of pit for Chapada Mine (Main Pit, Corpo Sul and Corpo NE). 0.2 g/t Au cut-off for oxide and 0.3 g/t Au cut-off for sulphide in Suruca Gold Project.
All Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources have been calculated in accordance with the CIM Standards and NI 43-101.
All Mineral Resources are reported exclusive of Mineral Reserves.
Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources are reported as of December 31, 2014.
Mr. William Wulftange, is Yamana's Senior Vice President, Exploration and a Qualified Person as defined by Canadian National Instrument 43-101. Mr. Wulftange has reviewed and approved all of the technical information in this press release.
To fund the Transaction, Sandstorm has received a US$10 million extension to its US$100 million credit facility (the "Revolving Loan") and has fully drawn on the US$110 million in available credit under the Revolving Loan. In addition, Sandstorm has paid US$38 million from the Company's cash balance.
Scotiabank and Paradigm Capital Inc. are acting as financial advisors to Sandstorm.
This press release contains "forward-looking statements", within the meaning of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities legislation, concerning the business, operations and financial performance and condition of Sandstorm Gold Ltd. ("Sandstorm"). Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to projected increases in Sandstorm's cash flow; expectations regarding construction and production; expectations regarding tax or currency exposure; projected changes to Sandstorm's counterparty and asset mix profile; expected downside protections; anticipated exploration upside; the future price of gold, the estimation of mineral reserves and resources, realization of mineral reserve estimates, and the timing and amount of estimated future production. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as "may", "will", "expect", "intend", "estimate", "anticipate", "believe", "continue", "plans", or similar terminology.
Forward-looking statements are made based upon certain assumptions and other important factors that, if untrue, could cause the actual results, performances or achievements of Sandstorm to be materially different from future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by such statements. Such statements and information are based on numerous assumptions regarding present and future business strategies and the environment in which Sandstorm will operate in the future, including the price of gold and anticipated costs and that the mining operations will operate and the mining projects will be completed in accordance with public statements and achieve their stated production estimates. Certain important factors that could cause actual results, performances or achievements to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, amongst others, gold price volatility, discrepancies between actual and estimated production, mineral reserves and resources and metallurgical recoveries, mining operational and development risks relating to the parties which produce the gold Sandstorm will purchase, regulatory restrictions, activities by governmental authorities (including changes in taxation), currency fluctuations, the global economic climate, dilution, share price volatility and competition.
Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements of Sandstorm to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, including but not limited to: the impact of general business and economic conditions, the absence of control over mining operations from which Sandstorm will purchase gold and risks related to those mining operations, including risks related to international operations, government and environmental regulation, actual results of current exploration activities, conclusions of economic evaluations and changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined, risks in the marketability of minerals, fluctuations in the price of gold, fluctuation in foreign exchange rates and interest rates, stock market volatility, risks related to the Sandstorm's acquisition strategy, risks relating to having to rely on the accuracy of the public disclosure and other information Sandstorm receives from the owners and operators of the mining operations as the basis for its analyses, forecasts and assessments relating to its own business, differences in the interpretation or application of tax laws, as well as those factors discussed in the section entitled "Risks to Sandstorm" in Sandstorm's annual information form for the financial year ended December 31, 2014 available at www.sedar.com. Although Sandstorm has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated or intended. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Sandstorm does not undertake to update any forward looking statements that are contained or incorporated by reference, except in accordance with applicable securities laws.
Canadian standards, including Canadian National Instrument 43-101, differ significantly from the requirements of the SEC, and Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource information included in this press release may not be comparable to similar information disclosed by U.S. companies. In particular, the term "resource" does not equate to the term "reserve". Accordingly, Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource estimates included in this press release may not qualify as "reserves" under SEC standards. The SEC's disclosure standards normally do not permit the inclusion of information concerning "Measured Mineral Resources", "Indicated Mineral Resources" or "Inferred Mineral Resources" or other descriptions of the amount of mineralization in mineral deposits that do not constitute "reserves" by U.S. standards in documents filed with the SEC.
U.S. investors should also understand that "Inferred Mineral Resources" have a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and as to their economic and legal feasibility. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an "Inferred Mineral Resource" exists or is economically or legally mineable. Disclosure of "contained ounces" in a resource is permitted disclosure under Canadian regulations; however, the SEC normally only permits issuers to report mineralization that does not constitute "reserves" by SEC standards as in-place tonnage and grade without reference to unit measures. In addition, the definitions of "Proven Mineral Reserves" and "Probable Mineral Reserves" under reporting standards in Canada differ in certain respects from the standards of the SEC. . U.S. Investors are urged to consider closely the disclosure in our Form 40-F which may be obtained from our website or the SEC website at http://www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml.


text:
anti-virus, Brainshare, Marketing, Novell, pirate, Richard Bliss
My Brother The Rock Star
Okay, so I know he looks like a pirate, but trust me, he was a rock star. He worked for a company named GWAVA. You can see their logo behind him. We were at BrainShare, Novell's tech conference in Salt Lake City. The conference was supposedly about Novell and Novell products, but really it was about GWAVA and Richard Bliss was the face of GWAVA.
There's a reason for the pirate garb and I'll get to that. Richard is the most brilliant marketer I've ever met. He and I will be talking and while I'm thinking through topic A, he's already processed A and moved on to B through K. He understands things organically that I struggle to grasp by experience.
Before he worked for GWAVA, he worked for an anti-virus company in San Francisco. He had a small budget for Comdex, a big computer show in Las Vegas and wanted to make a big impression. He rented Hummers, the civilian version of the military ones and he offered the press free rides. Cab rides in Vegas during Comdex are tough to get. Richard got tons of great press for his company with a little ingenuity.
Some of his marketing efforts were truely gurilla marketing. Some stories will have to wait for him to tell.
He once changed the name of his company because the new name worked better for the company. The owners were pleased, but asked him to check with them prior to making any naming changes in the future.
He was once faced with not being able to sell out a conference during a down economy. He realized that for $50,000 he could pay for all the attendees. But, no one wants to attend a free show. So, he approached a major sponsor and asked them to take credit for paying for people's attendance. The sponsor got great publicity for no added cost. The attendees were falling all over each other to attend. And he got a sold out conference. He made way more than the $50,000 it cost him.
He was once arrested for being a spy in Russia. . Oh wait, that was a different Richard Bliss.
He wrote a book called "Stealing The Show." The idea is that it doesn't matter who sponsors the show, you have the ability to make the show your own. And that brings me back to the picture of him as a pirate.
Brainshare has a theme every year. The year the picture was taken the theme was "Pirates of the Carribean." GWAVA makes an anti-virus engine for Novell GroupWise. The GWAVA booth looked like a ship, and Richard was the captain. He teamed with other vendors to give away $500 in "gold" coins. Bags of dollar coins. He also gave away a big screen TV and several other prizes. But, in watching the show, and it really was a show, the attendees weren't there for the big screen TV or the coins. They were there for Richard. He had the entire floor chanting his company's name.
At a key point in the presentation extras in the audience dressed in black t-shirts which said
came running up to attack the good ship GWAVA. The imagary was perfect. Your network will be attacked by viruses, porn and spam. And just like Richard and GWAVA can protect the good ship GWAVA from the volunteers working for the free t-shirt they got to keep, GWAVA and Richard will protect your network too.
He now writes a blog on forbes.com where somehow he gets paid to hang out with football players and write interesting stories about how Big Data gives teams an advantage on the field.
He's my big brother and I'm really proud of him.
Five People Who Made A Difference. . .To Me (#2 The Cartoonist) | Rodney M Bliss
« Mother Nature Obviously Took A Wrong Turn At Louisville
Oh, That is NOT A Good Sound »


text:
Report: Anthony Davis, D'Angelo Russell set to make preseason debut with Los Angeles Lakers and Golden State Warriors
All of the stars will be active for Los Angeles Lakers versus Golden State Warriors preseason matchup. Reports state that Anthony Davis, LeBron James, Stephen Curry, D'Angelo Russell and Draymond Green will all play.
D'Angelo Russell, Anthony Davis [NBA Getty Images] https://images.daznservices.com/di/library/NBA_Global_CMS_image_storage/63/68/russell-davis-ftrjpg_10904n64r0w2g1vtzjhx95kwra.jpg?t=-1563634675&w=500
It may only be the preseason, but you won't have to wait to see your favourite superstars in action.
The headliner of this slate of preseason games comes from the Los Angeles Lakers traveling to San Francisco to take on the Golden State Warriors in the first-ever game at their new arena, the Chase Center.
MORE: 10 facts about the Warriors new arena - Chase Center
While stars tend to sit out some preseason games, that will not be the case in this one. According to reports from the LA Times' Tania Ganguli and ESPN's Nick Friedell, LeBron James, Stephen Curry and Draymond Green will all be active, as well as Anthony Davis and D'Angelo Russell making their debuts with their new teams.
Frank Vogel won't divulge his preseason opening starting lineup except to say LeBron and Anthony Davis will play.
- Tania Ganguli (@taniaganguli) October 4, 2019
Kerr says Steph and Draymond will only play about 20 minutes in the preseason opener Saturday vs. the Lakers.
- Nick Friedell (@NickFriedell) October 4, 2019
As stated above, Curry and Green are only expected to play about 20 minutes in this contest. There is no report regarding how many minutes James and Davis will play.
Minutes restrictions or not, you will get to see these two new-look teams in action for the first time when they take the hardwood tonight!


text:
23-y-o recording artiste charged with murder in St Andrew
ST ANDREW, Jamaica — Police have arrested and charged 23-year-old Shauquelle Clarke, otherwise called 'Quada', a recording artiste of Buff Bay, Portland with murder and arson.
Clarke was charged for the murder of 30-year-old Miguel Williams in Sterling Castle Heights, St Andrew on April 17, 2019, after he turned himself in to the police accompanied by his attorney on Tuesday, January 14. He was charged following a question and answer session.
Reports are that about 3:45 pm, Williams was allegedly beaten, set ablaze and his house torched by Clarke and others.
Clarke now joins fellow accused 30-year-old Andrew Breakcliffe, otherwise called 'Grinch', of a Sterling Castle Heights address who was also charged with murder and arson in December 2019.
The court date for Clarke has not yet been finalised, the police said.


text:
HomePremier LeagueLeicester thrash Forest 4-0 to move off the bottom
Leicester thrash Forest 4-0 to move off the bottom
Soccer Football – Premier League – Leicester City v Nottingham Forest – King Power Stadium, Leicester, Britain – October 3, 2022 Leicester City's James Maddison applauds fans after the match REUTERS/Craig Brough
LEICESTER, England (Reuters) – Leicester City's James Maddison scored two first-half goals as they beat promoted Nottingham Forest 4-0 on Monday to move off the bottom of the table with their first Premier League win of the season.
The home victory in the East Midlands derby lifted some of the pressure off Leicester manager Brendan Rodgers.
The Foxes, who had taken one point from their first seven games and were the only winless side in the top flight, moved ahead of Forest on goal difference.
The visitors could have taken the lead against the run of play in the 22nd minute when a Taiwo Awoniyi shot bounced back off the post, but Leicester were 2-0 up with the King Power crowd roaring five minutes later.
Maddison broke the ice with the first in the 25th minute, his shot from just outside the box deflected in off the arm of Forest defender Scott McKenna, and Harvey Barnes doubled the lead two minutes later.
Forest goalkeeper Dean Henderson's nightmare evening continued when Maddison bagged his second with a perfectly flighted free kick in the 35th that flew over the wall and clipped the inside of the post as it went in.
Substitute Patson Daka, who came on for former England striker Jamie Vardy in the 62nd, made it 4-0 in the 73rd with a stunning backheel from a Maddison cross.
The defeat was a fifth in a row for Forest, piling pressure on manager Steve Cooper as he tries to gel a team packed with new signings, and Leicester's first clean sheet in the league this season.
(Reporting by Alan Baldwin, editing by Ken Ferris)


text:
Q: Converting encoding using ogr2ogr on macOS I'm trying to convert my shapefiles from ISO-8859-10, also known as latin6 using ogr2ogr on my Mac like this (learned from here):
export SHAPE_ENCODING="latin6"
ogr2ogr file_utf8.shp file.shp -lco ENCODING=UTF-8

But, nothing is converted. Well, a new shapefile is created but it still has the same old encoding. I've tried with SHAPE_ENCODING="ISO-8859-10" and still no happy result. Then I tried just a random word like SHAPE_ENCODING="blablabla" but then ogr2ogr gives me an error:
Failed to create field name 'FIELD1' : cannot convert to blablabla

So it seems like ogr2ogr understands the latin6 encoding but then doesn't do the job for me. Maybe this is a macOS only problem?
If I do the conversion to GeoJSON with SHAPE_ENCODING="latin6" the GeoJSON file gets recoded to UTF-8 fine:
export SHAPE_ENCODING="latin6"
ogr2ogr -f GeoJSON file_utf8.geojson file.shp

Then I can convert the GeoJSON file back to Shape again:
export SHAPE_ENCODING="utf-8"
ogr2ogr -f "ESRI Shapefile" file_utf8.shp file_utf8.geojson

Is there a way of converting encoding without going through the GeoJSON conversion process?

A: Here's an answer based on Dimitry Baryshnikovs comment to my question. If there isn't a CPG file with the same name as the shape file, create one and add the line 885910.
In my case I already had CPG files but they were all wrong (consisted of the line ISO 88591) which caused the big problem. After altering my CPG files to 885910 I had no problem running the line of code:
ogr2ogr file_utf8.shp file.shp -lco ENCODING=UTF-8

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Cheap Glamour Cigarettes online, fast delivery in UK.
Today, the tobacco publicizing is disallowed, and in this way you can get to know more about the producer of a specific brand and the item just by analyzing the item's packaging.
The tobacco company Gallaher Liggett-Ducat is possessed by JTI (Japan). Among the scope of its items, there are numerous world-known cigarettes: Camel, Sobranie, Winston, etc.
Large portions of these brands incorporate uncommon thin cigarettes for ladies.
Glamour cigarettes are a brand of cigarettes, which is particularly intended for ladies with fine taste, and it is accessible in a beautiful women's outline.
The best-known renditions of this tobacco brand are the three exemplary assortments, which are recognized by the substance of tar and nicotine. The cigarette packs of every one of the three renditions displayed are comparable; vary just with shading so that every client can rapidly recall how his/her most loved cigarettes resemble.
The fragrant varieties of this brand are Glamour Menthol Superslims. These are menthol cigarettes, which packaging is designed with pale turquoise, greenish blossoms.
There is an intriguing actuality about Glamour cigarettes. They got to become a distinct mainstream without any special advertising efforts.
Glamour cigarettes are conveyed in 17 European nations. Nowadays, this is a standout amongst the most mainstream women's brands.
This brand has those genuine fans that will like to appreciate Glamour since years. Among the genuine advantages of this brand, the customers recognize the mellow taste of these cigarettes, the base substance of nicotine and tar.
The packaging configuration is precisely what numerous ladies like.
We encourage you to place orders of your favorite Glamour cigarettes on the web; this is the best chance to appreciate the direct value offers and fast conveyance.
We would propose you to begin such requesting with our online store. Utilize this open door, visit our online shop and put in a request that will be rapidly and professionally processed by our skillful and experienced staff.
We give our customers a genuine client mind. Day and night, we are prepared to bolster you and process your requests. Your necessities are our care. We build up an exceptional way to deal with each of our esteemed customers. We guarantee the security of our customers' personal data and order information.
Our company's approach is to offer our clients genuine customer amicable value offers, this is the thing that we want to help you with!


text:
Northampton man to take on London Marathon in memory of sister who passed away the day she was diagnosed with cancer
Siblings Rosie, Eric and sister Katie.
Published: 12:27 Wednesday 17 April 2019
A man from Northampton is putting himself through his paces to train for his first London Marathon to raise vital funds for children with cancer, in memory of his younger sister, Rosie.
Eric Pratt will be putting his fitness to the test on Sunday, April 28 by taking on the Virgin Money London Marathon to raise money for CLIC Sargent, the UK's leading cancer charity for children and young people.
Eric pictured training, which is in memory of his sister.
Eric, 33, said: "Although I am relatively sporty I have never run a marathon before but I've always wanted to run the London marathon – training has been really tough and has taken up a lot of time but that's exactly the challenge I wanted, something Rosie could be proud of
"I am running for CLIC Sargent because we realised that Rosie and the family would likely have utilised the day-to-day support of the charity if she was alive. I'd love it if the kind people of Northamptonshire got behind my challenge and helped to raise vital funds."
Rosie, 19 at the time, was a 'happy-go-lucky, sociable and bubbly young woman', preparing to start her job as a healthcare assistant when she started to feel unwell, going to the doctors with bleeding gums and back pain.
Rosie continued to feel unwell and went to the out of hour's doctors, where she was initially told that she had a viral infection and was sent home. However, later that day on the 27th November 2016, Rosie collapsed and was rushed into Kettering General Hospital with suspected Sepsis. The doctors ran tests which confirmed that she had Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (a very rare and aggressive form of cancer) and was due to start treatment. Rosie was sedated and sadly she didn't recover.
Eric said: "When Rosie collapsed and was in hospital, my sister Katie phoned me to tell me the cancer diagnosis, and obviously I couldn't believe it - I didn't even know she was ill or had been to the doctors. As far as I knew she was a healthy 19-year-old."
Eric, who was living in London at the time with his wife, spoke to the family and decided that as Rosie was now going in for treatment, he would travel up after the procedure, once things were clearer.
"I made it to the hospital 10 minutes after she died, I didn't have time to say goodbye. Rosie's mum, my dad and sister were with her throughout, but I wish I could have been there. It was a huge shock for everyone and no one saw it coming.
"After she passed away we saw on her social media that she had been feeling unwell but must have kept a lot of the pain to herself. We now know that her symptoms were common signs of leukaemia and blood tests should've been administered earlier."
During this difficult time, Eric and his family decided to raise money for CLIC Sargent, a charity that would have supported Rosie through her treatment and beyond.
"After we heard what a great charity CLIC Sargent were we arranged for their collection buckets to be at Rosie's funeral. In the last couple of years all of Rosie's family and friends have fundraised for CLIC Sargent and we've raised £10,000 in her name so far."
Eric is now a Dad to one-year-old Rémy and has moved to Northampton to be closer to his family in Irthlingborough.
"Life has obviously changed significantly for us as a family, in particular my wife and I now have a young son, and my sister and her partner also have a baby girl. We know Rosie would have adored them both and spoiled them with love and affection. It's difficult to accept that they will never meet our beautiful Rosie."
Since signing up to the marathon, Eric has been training hard and running 18-20 miles during weekends, as well as balancing work, and keeping Rémy entertained.
"When I'm running, I often think about Rosie and all that she went through, it can be quite therapeutic and a good release," he added. "At the point when I'm close to giving up, thinking of Rosie will give me that extra motivation and will help me get over the finish line."
Jade Clarke, Major Runs Project Manager at CLIC Sargent, said: "When cancer strikes young lives we fight tirelessly to limit the damage it causes beyond their health through practical, emotional and financial support. We rely entirely on donations to fund our vital work and so we can't thank Eric for their incredible efforts.
"Training for a marathon is a huge commitment. From all the lie-ins Eric has sacrificed to get out of bed and run to every blister they've encountered – we are so appreciative of their hard work and determination. We'll be there on the day cheering Eric all the way to the finish line."
To sponsor Eric's London Marathon effort, go to uk.virginmoneygiving.com//EricPratt
Help needed to uncover flat headstones in abandoned Northampton lunatic asylum graveyard


text:
Duke-Pitt football score: Live updates, stats (October 21, 2017)
Sydney Hunte, Diehards
Duke and Pitt will kick off at 12:20 p.m. ET on Saturday, October 21, in a face off between a pair of teams that have struggled in the ACC Coastal standings.
Stay here for live updates, scores and stats.
Duke-Pitt score, live updates
Tweets about from:@AdamRoweTDD OR from:@DukeFOOTBALL OR from:@stevewisemanNC OR from:@chroniclesports OR from:@DukeATHLETICS
Duke-Pitt game information, picks
Date: Saturday, October 21
TV Channel: ACC Network
Online Stream: WatchESPN
Pick: Duke 29.2-25.4 (from the OddsShark computer)
Odds: Duke -8
Duke-Pitt preview
After a 4-0 start, there was hope that the Duke Blue Devils would be a team that would be at lease on the fringe of the ACC Coastal race, if not in the middle of the pack. However, they have found themselves sunken to the bottom of the division thanks to a three-game losing streak.
Last Saturday, the Blue Devils fell 17-10 to a Florida State team shaken by numerous injuries. Daniel Jones was OK, but not great in the game against the Seminoles (22 for 35, 204 yards, no touchdowns or interceptions). That was an upgrade as opposed to his poor showing at Virginia (14 for 42, 124 yards, 1 touchdown, 2 interceptions).
Jones has been fairly inconsistent throughout the season, but has shown flashes of strong play. Against Northwestern on September 9, he threw for 305 yards and 2 touchdowns as part of a 29 for 45 day, adding 108 yards and 2 more touchdowns on the ground. But Duke coach David Cutcliffe has mentioned that he wants to see more from his quarterback play, and Jones will need to deliver to help get his team back in the win column.
One area that the Blue Devils have struggled in lately is running the ball. Duke began the year with three straight 200-plus yard rushing games. During their three game losing streak, they have run for 183, 131 and 111. Outside of a 176-yard performance against Baylor, leading rusher Shaun Wilson has been a non-factor. Freshman RB Brittain Brown broke the 100-yard plateau against FCS NC Central in the season opener but has not gotten there since.
Meanwhile, Pitt is a team that has struggled as well, but even moreso than Duke. The Panthers are 2-5 with their only wins coming against FCS Youngstown State (by a touchdown) and a blowout victory against lowly Rice. Ben DiNucci will get the start for the Panthers after Max Browne needed surgery on his shoulder. DiNucci went 19 for 32 for 170 yards while recording 1 touchdown and 1 interception during a loss against NC State last Saturday. His career high in yardage was set against Oklahoma State, where he threw for 228 yards on 13 for 25 passing.
Pitt leads the all-time series against Duke 12-9, with the Blue Devils currently in the midst of a two-game losing streak to the Panthers. In last year's game in Pittsburgh, the Panthers raced to a 56-14 win as they held Duke to just 25 rushing yards and sacked Jones 5 times. John Conner scored twice and recorded 14 carries for 101 yards, while Nathan Peterman threw for 3 touchdowns. Pitt was also helped by its ability to extend drives as it finished 9 of 13 on third downs versus Duke's 4 of 14 mark.
The post Duke-Pitt football score: Live updates, stats (October 21, 2017) appeared first on Diehards.


text:
The Latest: Chan, Dodig win 2nd French Open mixed title
By - Associated Press - Friday, June 7, 2019
PARIS (AP) - The Latest on the French Open (all times local):
Report: Trump wants to create new political party
President Trump's full list of pardons and commutations
Latisha Chan of Taiwan and Ivan Dodig of Croatia are the first duo to win two consecutive French Open mixed doubles championships - and they beat Gabriela Dabrowski of Canada and Mate Pavic of Croatia in the final both times.
The unseeded pair of Chan and Dodig defeated the second-seeded Dabrowski and Pavic 6-1, 7-6 (5) for this year's title Friday.
It's Dodig's third trophy in Paris. He teamed with Marcelo Melo to win the men's doubles title in 2015.
In women's doubles, second-seeded Kristina Mladenovic of France and Timea Babos of Hungary advanced to face Zheng Saisai and Duan Ying-Ying of China in the final.
The semifinal between Novak Djokovic and Dominic Thiem has been suspended for the day because of rain in the third set.
The players split the first two sets - Thiem took the opener 6-2, then Djokovic grabbed the second 6-3 - and Thiem was up a break at 3-1 in the third when action was halted.
About 45 minutes later, tournament officials announced the match would resume Saturday.
The No. 1-seeded Djokovic has won 26 consecutive Grand Slam matches as he bids for a fourth major title in a row and 16th overall.
No. 4 Thiem seeks his first major championship. He was the runner-up at Roland Garros in 2018.
The winner of their semifinal will face Rafael Nadal in Sunday's final. He beat Roger Federer earlier Friday.
There's another rain delay in the semifinal match between Novak Djokovic and Dominic Thiem.
After splitting the opening two sets, Thiem had just broken for a 3-1 lead in the third when the tarp was brought out to cover the court.
There has been a brief rain delay in the semifinal between top-ranked Novak Djokovic and No. 4 Dominic Thiem.
Thiem had won the first set 6-2 and Djokovic was leading the second 3-2 on serve when the chair umpire sent the players into the locker rooms. They returned to the court 10 minutes later and resumed play.
There was also an earlier rain delay after Thiem broke to take a 2-1 lead in the first set. The players remained on the court then and resumed after only three minutes.
Also, Djokovic asked to speak to a Grand Slam supervisor during the first set when he complained that it was too windy to play. But the supervisor said play would only be suspended if it became too dangerous.
Rafael Nadal beat rival Roger Federer 6-3, 6-4, 6-2 to reach his 12th French Open final.
Nadal improved to 6-0 against Federer at Roland Garros, where they last met in 2011, and 24-15 overall.
Federer had won their past five matches, but all of those were on hard courts. This one was on clay, where Nadal is nearly unbeatable.
He is now 92-2 for his career in Paris as he pursues a record 12th title there and 18th Grand Slam trophy overall.
In Sunday's final, Nadal will face top-ranked Novak Djokovic or No. 4 Dominic Thiem
Australian player Ash Barty has reached her first Grand Slam final at the French Open.
The eighth-seeded Barty ended the run of 17-year-old American Amanda Anisimova 6-7 (4), 6-3, 6-3.
Barty will face another teenager, Marketa Vondrousova, in the final. Vondrousova beat Johanna Konta 7-5, 7-6 (2).
Nineteen-year-old Marketa Vondrousova is the first teenage finalist at the French Open in more than a decade.
The 38th-ranked Czech player beat 26th-seeded Johanna Konta 7-5, 7-6 (2) to reach the final without dropping a set.
The last teenager to reach the final at Roland Garros was Ana Ivanovic, who was also 19 when she finished runner-up to Justine Henin in 2007.
Vondrousova saved three set points while trailing 3-5 in the opening set.
Vondrousova will face either eighth-seeded Ash Barty or 17-year-old American Amanda Anisimova for the title.
The women's semifinals are starting at Roland Garros on an unusual day and at unusual courts - and the placement of the matches away from the main stadium has been criticized by the head of the women's tennis tour.
WTA CEO Steve Simon says the tour is "extremely disappointed" by the scheduling and calls it "unfair and inappropriate."
Normally, all French Open singles semifinals are held in Court Philippe Chatrier, with the women on Thursday and men on Friday. But after a full day of play was washed out by rain on Wednesday, tournament officials were forced to shuffle the schedule.
With quarterfinal action moved to Thursday, the women's semifinals got shifted to Friday, sharing the day with the men's semis.
With more rain in the forecast Friday, the decision was made to put the two women's semifinals on simultaneously at the second- and third-biggest courts at Roland Garros, starting just after 11 a.m.
The two men's semifinals, including Rafael Nadal against Roger Federer, were to be played back-to-back at Chatrier.
Simon's statement said the women "earned their right to play on the biggest stage." It added that the WTA thinks "other solutions were possible," although didn't offer any.
All four French Open singles semifinals are scheduled on the same day and the most-anticipated matchup features Rafael Nadal against Roger Federer.
The other men's semifinal Friday is Novak Djokovic against Dominic Thiem.
It is the first time since 2011 that the four men seeded 1-4 all reached the semifinals at Roland Garros.
Federer vs. Nadal is one of the great rivalries in sports. This will be their 39th meeting overall, and sixth at the French Open - but first in eight years.
In the women's semifinals, 17-year-old American Amanda Anisimova tries to follow up her upset over defending champion Simona Halep by beating No. 8 seed Ash Barty.
The other women's matchup is Johanna Konta against 19-year-old Marketa Vondrousova of the Czech Republic.
Copyright © 2021 The Washington Times, LLC.
Washington's practice facility closes after positive coronavirus tests
Philip Rivers retires from NFL
Blue Jays land outfield slugger George Springer
No. 7 Michigan back on track after 87-63 rout of Maryland
Georgetown basketball postpones fourth straight game due to COVID-19
Lester brings to Nationals experience, success and significant unknowns
Mets fire GM Jared Porter after report of lewd messages sent to reporter
Washington finalizing deal with Marty Hurney to become next general manager
After All-Pro season, Scherff in line for major payday
Capitals' penalty kill unit has been good, but all the penalties haven't been
Reports: Jon Lester agrees to one-year deal to join Nationals' rotation
Ravens cut Robert Griffin III
Washington interviews Marty Hurney for general manager job: report
Japan's prime minister vows Olympics will be proof of victory over virus


text:
De Albatros D.II van de Albatros Flugzeugwerke was in 1916-1917 een van de Duitse standaardjagers. Het was een uiterst stabiel en zeer wendbaar vliegtuig en was samen met de Fokker D.II, een van de belangrijkste redenen waarom de geallieerden tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog aan het westfront hun superioriteit in de lucht kwijtraakten. De Albatros was aan de voorkant bewapend met twee Maxim-mitrailleurs.

In het voorjaar van 1917 werden de meeste vliegtuigen vervangen door de Albatros D.III.

Jachtvliegtuig
Duits vliegtuig in de Eerste Wereldoorlog

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Where can I best find available scholarships? I am not afraid to write an essay or 20, and want to apply for as many scholarships as I possibly can.
I suggest going to cappex.com or scholoarships.com and giving it a try!


text:
Jon Zeitler
Jon came to Zipcar as part of the merger with Flexcar, where he was VP of Corporate and Strategic Business Development. After receiving a B.A. from Duke University, Jon joined Congressional staff on Capitol Hill and worked on early efforts to encourage fuel-efficient and alternative-fuel vehicles. He received a J.D. from Duke University and worked at a law firm in Washington, D.C. Jon brings to the table extensive experience in the business development, new venture, strategy, and policy arenas. His experience was honed during the ten years he spent at America Online, where he worked in a number of executive positions including Vice President for International Development, Vice President of Business Development for Web Properties, and Associate General Counsel for Strategic Transactions. Following his time at AOL, Jon served as an advisor to a number of high-growth new media companies.
Big Data & Sensors: Blowing Up Transportation Radisson Town Lake, Riverside BallroomEvan Burfield • Vincent Gray • Jon Zeitler


text:
You are at:Home»Posts Tagged "sons of anarchy"
Browsing: sons of anarchy
'Mayans M.C.' Season 1 Episode 2 Recap: "Escorpión/Dzec"
FX's Mayans M.C. season one premiered on Tuesday, September 4, 2018 and brought in 6.8…
'Mayans M.C.' Debuts an Official Trailer and Poster
FX launched the official trailer for Mayans M.C. just days before the cast takes the…
'Sons of Anarchy' Spinoff 'Mayans MC' Gets a Series Order
FX has made it official. Mayans MC, the much-anticipated spinoff of Sons of Anarchy, has…
Celebrity Videos - Clips and Interviews
Charlie Hunnam Interview – 'King Arthur: Legend of the Sword'
Charlie Hunnam was named CinemaCon's Male Star of the Year and prior to accepting the…
'Sons of Anarchy' Spinoff 'Mayans MC' Moving Forward
FX officially confirmed the Sons of Anarchy spinoff Mayans MC will shoot its pilot episode…
'Sons of Anarchy' is Heading to NBC Universo
NBC Universo announced it's bringing FX's Sons of Anarchy in Spanish to its viewers for…
2015 Critics' Choice Television Awards Nominees Announced
Justified and Olive Kitteridge nabbed the most Critics' Choice Television Awards nominations with five each,…
Breaking Celebrity News
Charlie Hunnam and Kurt Sutter Will Discuss the 'Sons of Anarchy' Finale on 'Anarchy Afterword'
Ready or not, the series finale of FX's Sons of Anarchy will air at 10pm…
Jimmy Smits Interview: 'Sons of Anarchy' and Playing Nero
Although our conference call with FX's Sons of Anarchy's Jimmy Smits was completely spoiler free…
Theo Rossi Explains 'Sons of Anarchy' in 30 Seconds
Even if you aren't caught up on the last few episodes of Sons of Anarchy,…


Can I keep a rabbit and guinea pig together?
Rabbits and guinea pigs need different foods to meet their different dietary requirements; guinea pigs need a diet rich in Vitamin C or else they can become ill. Rabbits are the opposite and may become ill from too much Vitamin C or a lack of other important vitamins. The 2 animals sharing the food may make it difficult to know which animal has eaten what.
Rabbits and guinea pigs communicate differently so it is in both of their interests to have a friend that talks the same language. You wouldn't want to lead your life living only with a gorilla for company - you might get on but could never understand each other properly!
In the wild, rabbits run fast and free, covering the equivalent of 30 tennis courts daily. Guinea pigs have little legs and despite needing lots of space and exercise themselves, it differs greatly to the type of space rabbits need to hop, run and jump.
Rabbits can pass a bacteria onto guinea pigs, which can cause respiratory disease in them.
These differences aren't to say that you can't keep both types of animals in the same household, but keep them separate from each other and pair up with an animal of its own kind. If you currently have a guinea pig then get him or her a guinea pig friend. If you have a rabbit then get another rabbit - it's a myth that getting a guinea pig friend for a rabbit is cheaper!
For more information please see: Why every rabbit needs a friend.


text:
Packard produced its first automobile in 1899 and the marque continued until 1958. The company has always been recognized for its production of luxury automobiles, but began marketing slightly less expensive cars in the 1930's as it tried to ride out the Great Depression. Packard was able to ride out the financial troubles better than many of the other luxury cars because their cash position was superior to other independent luxury car makers. The Packard Company used one production line, along with interchangeable parts between models, also helped Packard survive the Great Depression. In 1941, they again introduced a cheaper line of cars, the Clipper. A direct competitor to the Cadillac Series 61, it moved Packard ahead of both Cadillac and LaSalle in sales.
After WWII, however, competition was stiff from the Big Three and Packard was eventually purchased by Studebaker; production was moved to South Bend, Studebaker's home. The last Packards were nothing more than Studebakers with some moderate styling changes; the marque died after the 1958 production run.
The 1928 Packard Eight Roadster had a 385 cid, overhead valve, in-line 8 producing 120 hp.
Model: #319 Custom
Style: Roadster
Serial No: 133835
1928 Packard #319 Custom