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Daily Fantasy Sports Sites
BettingUSA.com > Fantasy
Daily fantasy sports (DFS) contests put fans in the driver's seat by giving them a chance to build their own dream teams and compete against players from around the country for real cash.
Today, daily fantasy sports sites and apps are legal in most US states. Some states have passed legislation legalizing and regulating DFS sites while others simply allow the industry to operate under existing law.
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Only a handful of states have laws on the books that actively prohibit fantasy sports sites.
Read on for our most highly recommended daily fantasy sites, reviews of major DFS providers and detailed explanations of how fantasy sports betting works.
Fantasy Sports Sites We Recommend
Which States Allow Daily Fantasy Sports?
Daily Fantasy App Reviews
DFS Bonuses and Promotional Offers
How Daily Fantasy Sports Work
Start Playing Fantasy Sports
Are Fantasy Sports Sites Legal?
Types of Fantasy Contests Explained
Daily Fantasy vs. Traditional Sports Betting
DFS Guides and Tips
MonkeyKnifeFight DFS
Monkey Knife Fight is the most unique daily fantasy sports app in operation today as it involves making prop-style predictions on what will happen during upcoming games. This is arguably the closest alternative to sports betting while still technically meeting the definition of daily fantasy sports, and for that reason is highly recommended for fans in states without legal sports betting.
Operating since 2018, Monkey Knife Fight advertises its app as the easiest way to play fantasy sports for money. "No sharks allowed" is a phrase often used to describe this dfs brand.
Visit MonkeyKnifeFight
PrizePicks DFS
PrizePicks provides a simple form of daily fantasy that feels a lot like traditional sports betting. In each PrizePicks contest, users select a handful of athletes and make over/under predictions on each athlete's projected fantasy points total.
Unlike standard fantasy contests, PrizePicks games are not played against other users; payouts are determined by the number of accurate predictions. Users can win as much as ten times their original buyin for making five accurate predictions. Like Monkey Knife Fight, PrizePicks provides an experience that is remarkably similar to traditional sports betting, but is legal in most states.
Visit PrizePicks
FanDuel DFS
FanDuel.com opened for business in 2009 and quickly grew to become one of the biggest players in the fantasy sports betting market. FanDuel.com is based in New York City and has a solid reputation for processing payments and running fair events.
At FanDuel, you have two options for participating in events. You can either join competitions that other people have started or you can create your own fantasy sports contest with your own rules. The buyins for real money fantasy sports events range from $1 to $200 and even higher from time to time. Payouts for winning bets vary based on the rules of the event and the number of entries.
Visit FanDuel
DraftKings DFS
DraftKings.com is a Boston-based company that hosts daily fantasy matchups every day of the week in a variety of sports. The main focus at DraftKings is on the NFL, NBA, MLB, NCAA basketball and NCAA football.
Deposits and withdrawals are processed via credit cards, debit cards (including prepaid gift cards) and PayPal. When withdrawing, DraftKings.com sends the money back to the method you used to deposit with.
DraftKings fantasy sports app also hosts several major promo events every season for each sport.
Visit DraftKings
Red = Prohibited
Blue = Legal
Each state takes a different approach to legal daily fantasy sports. Some states have passed legislation specifically regulating the conduct of DFS operators, others prohibit the activity while some states do not regulate real money fantasy sports at all.
Below are brief overviews of legal daily fantasy sports in each state :
Daily Fantasy Sports in all States (A-Z)
Alabama formally legalized daily fantasy sports (DFS) in 2019 with legislation establishing a registration process, taxes and basic consumer protection regulations.
Fantasy operators are now required to register with the Office of the Attorney General and ensure customers are 19 or older.
Alabama Fantasy Sports
Alaska law does not address fantasy sports and there have been no major efforts to pass legislation regulating the industry. All major DFS operators accept customers from Alaska.
Alaska Fantasy Sports
Arizona (Prohibited)
Arizona is one of a handful of states in which DFS contests are prohibited. The prohibition results from strong anti-gambling laws in Arizona combined with a 1998 opinion issued by then-Attorney General Grant Woods that concluded fantasy sports meet the state's definition of gambling.
Arizona Fantasy Sports
Arkansas passed legislation in 2017 legalizing and regulating daily fantasy sports. Act 1075 of 2017 taxes DFS operators at an 8% rate and specifically exempts fantasy contests from the state's definition of gambling.
Arkansas Fantasy Sports
California law does not address the legality of daily fantasy sports, but all major operators are active in the state.
Attempts to formally legalize the industry in 2016 fizzled before making much progress.
California Fantasy Sports
DFS is regulated in Colorado by the Office of Fantasy Contest Operator Registration and Licensure. Legislation passed in 2016 requires operators that serve 7,500 or more players to acquire a full license and for operators that serve fewer than 7,500 players to register with the Office.
State law also requires operators to adhere to basic consumer regulation measures such as proper handling of customers' funds.
Read more: Colorado Fantasy Sports
Connecticut legalized fantasy sports through a provision included in a state budget approved in 2017 contingent upon the state reaching agreements with tribal gaming interests. Today, most brands are active in Connecticut.
Connecticut Fantasy Sports
Daily fantasy sports are legal in Delaware due to legislation signed into law in 2017. This ended a long period of uncertainty for providers in Delaware, which led to them at one point being ordered to cease and desist all activity within the state.
Operators are regulated and licensed by the Delaware Division of Gaming Enforcement.
Delaware Fantasy Sports
Florida law does not directly address daily fantasy sports. All past efforts to formally legalize the industry have fallen short, but most operators are active in Florida despite the unclear legal picture.
Florida Fantasy Sports
Daily fantasy sites are available to Georgia residents, but their legality remains uncertain. In 2016, the office of then-Attorney General Sam Olens opined that daily fantasy sports meet the state's definition of illegal gambling.
However, the opinion was non-binding and fantasy sites remain open in Georgia. To date, the state has declined to take action against any providers.
Georgia Fantasy Sports
Hawaii (DFS Prohibited)
Hawaii has long opposed most forms of gambling and strict state laws classify DFS under the gambling category.
DraftKings and FanDuel offered games in Hawaii up until 2016 but were forced out after receiving a cease-and-desist letter from a state attorney. Daily fantasy has been unavailable in Hawaii ever since.
Hawaii Fantasy Sports
Idaho (Prohibited)
Daily fantasy sports meet the definition of gambling according to Idaho law, which prohibits most forms of gaming.
FanDuel and DraftKings offered daily fantasy until 2016 but were forced out of the market after reaching an agreement with the state's Office of the Attorney General to stop accepting customers from Idaho.
Idaho Fantasy Sports
Providers operated on an uncertain legal footing in Illinois until 2020 due to a 2015 Attorney General opinion that found daily fantasy sports violate state gambling laws.
That changed in 2020 when the IL Supreme Court found skill is the predominate factor in determining the outcomes of contests.
As a result, fantasy sites continue operating in Illinois.
Illinois Fantasy Sports
The Sports Wagering and Fantasy Sports Division of the Indiana Gaming Commission is responsible for regulating and licensing DFS operators.
Indiana formally legalized fantasy sports in 2016 with legislation requiring operators to adhere to certain regulations and apply for state licenses.
Indiana Fantasy Sports
Iowa prohibited daily fantasy sports until 2019, when legislation was passed to authorize the activity. Under state law, operators must apply for a license and adhere to standard consumer protection regulations.
Iowa Fantasy Sports
The legality of daily fantasy sports was questionable in Kansas prior to 2015 due to mixed messages from the state gaming commission.
The issue was clarified first with an Attorney General opinion classifying DFS games as contests of skill and later with legislation formally legalizing the activity.
Kansas Fantasy Sports
Kentucky has yet to clarify the legality of fantasy sports. Several attempts to legalize and regulate contests have failed, and providers continue to operate in KY.
Kentucky Fantasy Sports
Louisiana (Prohibited)
Louisiana law treats fantasy sports contests as unauthorized gambling. Voters overwhelmingly approved legalizing fantasy sports during a parish-by-parish referendum held in 2018, but lawmakers failed to follow up with additional legislation needed to regulate the industry. Currently, DFS remains unavailable in LA.
Louisiana Fantasy Sports
Maine legalized daily fantasy sports in 2017 with a law requiring operators to apply for licenses and adhere to rules governing the safekeeping of funds, and responsible advertising. The Gambling Control Unit is responsible for overseeing operators and issuing licenses.
Maine Fantasy Sports
Maryland legalized fantasy sports in 2012 with a law exempting DFS contests from existing gambling prohibitions.
Five years later, the Comptroller of Maryland implemented regulations to more closely govern the industry. All major operators accept Maryland customers.
Maryland Fantasy Sports
In 2016, Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker signed a bill into law implementing regulations that were recommended the previous year by the Attorney General.
Those regulations were set to expire in 2018, but the legislature approved further legislation in 2018 to end the sunset clause and leave regulations in place indefinitely.
Massachusetts Fantasy Sports
A package of gaming and sports betting bills approved at the end of 2019 included legislation legalizing and regulating daily fantasy sports.
Providers gained legal certainty with the passage of the Fantasy Contests Consumer Protection Act. Now, fantasy sites must acquire a license from the Michigan Gaming Control Board, adhere to certain regulations, and pay an 8.4% tax to the state.
Michigan Fantasy Sports
Minnesota lawmakers have unsuccessfully attempted to pass legislation legalizing and regulating the industry.
Despite the uncertain legal situation, the major apps continue to accept customers from MN.
Minnesota Fantasy Sports
Legal daily fantasy sports are regulated by the Mississippi Gaming Commission. Major operators exited the state in 2016 after receiving an unfavorable opinion from the Attorney General but resumed services later that year with the approval of temporary regulations that were adopted permanently with the passage of legislation the following year.
Mississippi Fantasy Sports
Missouri lawmakers took up the issue with legislation passed in 2016. Under the Missouri Fantasy Consumer Protection Act, operators must acquire a license from the state gaming commission and conform to regulations adopted by the commission.
Missouri Fantasy Sports
Montana (Prohibited)
Fantasy sports are prohibited by law in Montana with the exception being limited fantasy games offered by the MT Lottery. An effort to legalize DFS in Montana failed in 2017, leaving the state off-limits for major fantasy operators.
Montana Fantasy Sports
Nebraska does not regulate fantasy sports, but the major DFS operators do accept residents as customers. Multiple attempts to legalize and regulate daily fantasy in Nebraska have failed.
Nebraska Fantasy Sports
Nevada (Prohibited)
Daily fantasy operators exited the Nevada market in response to a 2015 statement issued by the Nevada Gaming Control Board explaining that fantasy contests are a form of gambling and must be licensed as such.
Nevada Fantasy Sports
New Hampshire approved legislation in 2017 legalizing and regulating fantasy sports. Under the law, operators must register with the New Hampshire Lottery Commission and follow a variety of consumer protection regulations. The Lottery Commission provides a list of registered operators here.
New Hampshire Fantasy Sports
The legality of daily fantasy was unclear in New Jersey until lawmakers passed legislation in 2017 exempting DFS from existing gaming laws and establishing regulatory oversight over the industry. Now, operators are licensed and regulated by the Fantasy Sports Unit under the NJ Division of Consumer Affairs.
New Jersey Fantasy Sports
New Mexico law does not address fantasy sports, but most major operators accept customers from the state. Lawmakers introduced a bill to regulate the activity in 2016, but the bill died well before it could become law.
New Mexico Fantasy Sports
Lawmakers in New York passed legislation to legalize and regulate fantasy sports. The 2016 law requires sites to register with the New York State Gaming Commission and comply with regulations regarding advertising, fairness and security.
A multi-year lawsuit put the legality of DFS in jeopardy even after the passage of the law, but the nation's most popular DFS apps operate in New York.
New York Fantasy Sports
Gaming laws in North Carolina do not address daily fantasy sports, but operators are active in North Carolina and the state has not taken action against them to date.
Lawmakers attempted to regulate fantasy sports in 2017 and again in 2019 but failed in both instances.
North Carolina Fantasy Sports
North Dakota law does not specifically mention daily fantasy sports and no attorney general has issued a formal legal opinion on the matter.
Even so, all major apps accept customers from North Dakota.
North Dakota Fantasy Sports
Ohio passed legislation in 2017 to legalize and regulate fantasy sports contests. The 2017 law put the Ohio Casino Control Commission in charge of regulating the activity and issuing licenses to providers.
Ohio Fantasy Sports
The legality of daily fantasy is uncertain in Oklahoma. However, most major operators accept customers from Oklahoma and the state has declined to take action against those companies.
An effort to legalize fantasy sports in 2016 was derailed by tribal gaming interests and the issue has not been taken up since.
Oklahoma Fantasy Sports
Fantasy sports providers operate in a legal grey area in Oregon. State law does not provide a clear answer on the legality of DFS and the only attempt to pass legislation clarifying the issue failed in 2017 without becoming law. Nevertheless, numerous fantasy sites offer their services to Oregonians without issue.
Oregon Fantasy Sports
Fantasy sports sites operated in Pennsylvania for years without clear direction from state law. until 2017 when the legislature passed a bill legalizing the activity and putting the Pennsylvania Gaming Control Board in charge of overseeing the industry, issuing licenses, and adopting regulations.
Pennsylvania Fantasy Sports
Rhode Island takes no official stance on the legality of fantasy sports contests. Regulation of the industry hit a stalemate in 2016 when the Attorney General and the Rhode Island Lottery came to opposite conclusions regarding the legality of DFS.
The AG opined at the time that such contests are not gambling and are therefore legal while the RI Lottery insisted DFS contests are illegal. Lawmakers have not taken up the issue since.
Rhode Island Fantasy Sports
Lawmakers in South Carolina have not addresed the industry, but all mainstream fantasy sites accept customers from South Carolina.
When asked about the issue in 2015, the Attorney General's office expressed no interest in pursuing the matter.
South Carolina Fantasy Sports
Fantasy sports providers accept customers from South Dakota despite unclear state law. In 2015, then-Attorney General Marty Jackley issued a statement announcing his office would not pursue charges against operators that serve residents.
The state has taken no action against operators.
South Dakota Fantasy Sports
Tennessee lawmakers passed legislation in 2016 to legalize and regulate the industry. The Fantasy Sports Act of 2016 requires operators to apply for licenses from the Division of Charitable Solicitations and Gaming prior to doing business in TN.
Tennessee Fantasy Sports
Texas state law does not address the issue, but the Attorney General issued an opinion in 2016 stating that fantasy sports contests constitute illegal gambling.
FanDuel exited the Texas market for two full years before returning in 2018.
FanDuel, DraftKings and other companies operate openly in Texas.
Texas Fantasy Sports
Utah has never fully determined the legal status of daily fantasy sports. Even so, providers operate openly in Utah and the state has not asked them to cease and desist.
Utah Fantasy Sports
Vermont settled the question of the legal status of daily fantasy sports in 2017 with the passage of legislation authorizing the activity and implementing regulations governing the industry.
The legislation mirrored that of bills passed in other states including a minimum age of 18 to participate, prohibiting athletes and officials from competing in contests that they could potentially affect, and safekeeping customers' funds.
Vermont Fantasy Sports
Virginia passed the Fantasy Contests Act in 2016 to formally legalize and regulate providers in the Commonwealth. In addition to implementing standard consumer protection regulations, the Fantasy Contests Act requires operators to register with the Office of Charitable and Regulatory Programs prior to offering services in VA.
Virginia Fantasy Sports
Washington (Prohibited)
Gaming laws in Washington treat daily fantasy sports as a form of unregulated illegal gambling.
The WA Gambling Commission specifically names fantasy contests as not being authorized in Washington. Past efforts to legalize the industry in Washington have failed, leaving residents without access.
Washington Fantasy Sports
West Virginia does not regulate fantasy sports, but the state also considers the activity to be a contest of skill rather than gambling.
As a result, fantasy sports are legal in WV. In 2016, the state Attorney General opined that WV law does not prohibit fantasy sports.
West Virginia Fantasy Sports
Wisconsin state law does not directly discuss the legality of the industry and lawmakers have been unable to pass legislation to regulate the activity.
However, mainstream fantasy sites continue to accept players from WI.
Wisconsin Fantasy Sports
Wyoming has an unclear legal status. Lawmakers have introduced legislation numerous times to legalize and regulate the industry, all failed.
In the meantime, fantasy sports sites accept customers from WY.
Wyoming Fantasy Sports
The daily fantasy industry is largely dominated by FanDuel and DraftKings, the two titans of DFS apps, but these are far from the only choices for sports fans across the country.
There are numerous daily fantasy sports sites to choose from today and the differences between DFS sites are significant in some cases.
Choosing the right daily fantasy sports app involves finding a site that is both safe and that fits your personal needs.
Players looking for massive guarantee contests with million-dollar prizes will be best served with one of the established mainstream operators while those looking for the closest alternative to sports betting will gravitate to an entirely different subset of DFS sites.
The following daily fantasy sports site reviews break it all down on a site-by-site basis. Our daily fantasy sports reviews are purposely neutral in tone while discussing the pros and cons of every fantasy sports site in addition to explaining how each works.
FanDuel Review
Boom Fantasy Review
Yahoo Fantasy Review
MonkeyKnifeFight Review
FantasyDraft Review
FastPick Review
WinView Games Review
Key Considerations in Our DFS Reviews
Below is a basic breakdown of the BettingUSA approach to reviewing fantasy sports sites and mobile apps. These are the key considerations BettingUSA makes when writing reviews and making recommendations.
How Each Fantasy Sports App Works
The early days of daily fantasy sports were marked with dozens of competing sites that largely resembled one another in their approach to the business.
Several years and many mergers later, the remaining mainstream fantasy companies offer a great deal of variety in how they work, the types of dfs contests offered, and more.
While many fantasy sports operators still place an emphasis on "traditional" multi-player salary cap contests, many popular DFS apps now specialize in certain types of games such as in-game predictions contests or snake-style drafts.
Understanding how each fantasy sports site works is critical to finding the best fit for your needs and play style.
Big Vs. Small
FanDuel and DraftKings have the largest user bases, the greatest league selection and the largest cash prizes. It's always worth at least keeping an account open at one of the big sites because you'll always have a large selection of leagues and fantasy sports contests to choose from.
One of the primary advantages offered by big DFS sites apart from volume is the chance to win life-changing amounts of money.
For example, last year the two biggest dfs sites each hosted multiple contests that awarded $1,000,000+ prizes to the grand champions. If you manage to pick the perfect team for a major contest, you can actually become a millionaire on the spot. That's an opportunity that simply isn't found at smaller fantasy sports websites.
Larger fantasy sports companies provide the largest potential reward for your dollar. The tournaments at major daily fantasy sites can attract thousands of entrants and potentially return five-figure payouts in tournaments with buyins under $20.
Yes, it's harder to win in large tournaments but big sites also host smaller daily fantasy sports contests with limited amounts of entrants.
Smaller fantasy sports apps also have their advantages.
Here's something you might not know – federal legislation requires all prizes to be made known before the tournament begins. Furthermore, prizes must not be determined by the amount of entrants in a contest. This means every single fantasy sports contest you compete in has a guaranteed prize pool.
The advantage here is that smaller daily fantasy sites sometimes host tournaments in which the total sum of buyins is less than the guaranteed prize pool.
Poker players out there will recognize this as an "overlay." It means you're playing for a bigger prize than what the total amount of entrants generates. This results in increased value for your dollar.
Sports Offered
Major sports leagues are offered by all major fantasy betting sites. The NFL, MLB and NBA are covered almost universally. If your primary focus will be on one of the major professional North American leagues, you can play real money fantasy sports at any of the DFS sites listed and reviewed by BettingUSA.
Other leagues might require more looking around. For example, the PGA is covered by DraftKings but not by FanDuel. NASCAR, MMA and other leagues are sometimes covered by smaller brands trying to carve out a niche in the already-competitive daily fantasy market.
You can check out any of our fantasy sports reviews to see which dfs site covers which leagues or refer to the chart below.
Reputation is always something to consider when choosing which DFS sites to join. Although most daily fantasy sites are legitimate places to play, it never hurts to do a little research and see what you can dig up. The fantasy sports industry is not regulated, and no licenses are issued by any sort of official governing body.
Larger DFS sites are more likely to be financially stable than new DFS sites that are just getting started.
Check out our daily fantasy sports reviews to read up on what we think about all the major names in online fantasy. We don't recommend sites that we wouldn't play at with our own money.
Most states have since passed laws to formally legalize fantasy sports contests. However, some state laws could possibly be interpreted to apply to all forms of online wagering. Customers from the following states are not accepted by most DFS sites.
Apart from massive advertising campaigns, one of the primary ways in which daily fantasy sports operators compete for your business is through the use of first deposit bonuses and signup promotions.
All the major dfs sites regularly offer deposit bonuses and free contest entries in return for customers signing up and funding a real money account.
Are Fantasy Bonuses a Good Deal?
Yes. Although all fantasy sports bonuses come with fine print, most are a good deal. Players get extra cash in return for doing something they probably would have done anyways. A first deposit bonus just offers more value to new players.
If you are interested in participating in real money fantasy sports, you might as well get a signup bonus.
Free Entry to Daily Fantasy Leagues
Free entry promos let you participate in certain daily fantasy sports contests without paying the buy-in. Sometimes these are just small contests while other times you can join large tournaments with major prize pools.
It's quite common to see free entry tickets offered as an incentive for depositing. For example, DraftKings has offered all new customers a free contest entry as a thank you for making a deposit.
Frequent Player Points
Most daily fantasy sites have some sort of rewards program designed to encourage player loyalty.
For example, FanDuel awards FanDuel Points (FDPs) every time you enter a game. These points add up over time and can be used to take advantage of other dfs promos or enter paid contests for free.
Other Fantasy Promotions
Welcome bonuses are far from the only types of promotions you'll encounter at daily fantasy apps.
Operators are always coming up with new promotions or other incentives to keep you as an active customer. Daily fantasy sports promos change frequently but you'll usually be notified by e-mail when new offers are launched.
Remember, it is important to read all the details and conditions before accepting an offer. Read the fine print and make sure the promotion offers value.
Daily fantasy sports contests are a twist on traditional, season-long fantasy leagues. The biggest difference between the two is that daily fantasy contests only last for a day (or a week in some cases).
This allows players to join real money contests and get paid that same day.
Sports fans can give daily fantasy a try by visiting a website such as FanDuel.com or DraftKings.com for a list of upcoming contests. Most major sports leagues, including the NFL, NBA, MLB, NHL, NASCAR, and UFC are offered when in-season. Tennis, golf and college sports contests are also offered by the biggest fantasy sites.
Every fantasy contest covers a specific "slate" of games, usually games to be played on a single day or over the weekend. For example, a typical Sunday NFL slate covers all NFL games scheduled for this upcoming Sunday.
After joining a competition, entrants draft a team of athletes expected to play in that slate of games. Most DFS contests give players a fixed cost and price each athlete according to his or her desirability. For example, a star quarterback will cost significantly more than a backup QB.
DFS players can pick anyone from around the league expected to play, but every athlete comes with a price and players must stay within the salary cap.
For example, imagine your budget is $50,000. If you draft a high-quality quarterback or running back for $9,000, you will inevitably have to give up strength in another key position because your pick just took nearly 20% of your cap and you still have slots to fill.
After you have assembled your lineup, you're all set. Now, just wait for the games to play out and watch how the athletes on your team perform. You will earn points as your players rack up stats in real-time. Touchdown passes earn points for your quarterback, turnovers earn points for your defense, and so on.
If your team collectively scores more points than the competition, you will be paid a real money payout.
Competitions can be set up in a variety of formats. You can go head-to-head against just one other person or you can join a tournament-style competition with up to 2,000 other people. Payouts will vary based on how the competition is set up. It might be winner-take-all in the case of head-to-head matchups or there might be prizes for the best performers in a bigger tournament-style event.
In any case, the goal is to get as many points as possible. You'll have to pick your lineups carefully because you're required to stay within the fantasy salary cap. That means you can't just draft all-stars and cruise to an easy win. You'll need to draft a well rounded team capable of racking up stats.
For anyone completely new to daily fantasy sports, this section details the basic step-by-step process of how to play daily fantasy sports for real money prizes.
1. Choose a fantasy site and sign up for an account
The most important part of getting started is choosing the right fantasy sports site. There are many fantasy sports apps to choose from, but only a handful stand above all the rest in terms of reputation, prize pools and user experience.
See our recommendations for a list of DFS sites that are safe, reputable and worthwhile.
Signing up for an account will require your name, address, e-mail, a username and a password.
Daily fantasy sites are required by law to verify the identity of every customer, which means you may be asked at some point to provide proof of your identity by submitting your SSN and a photo of your driver's license, passport or state-issued ID.
Note that this is normal and is required by law in most states.
2. Make your first deposit
After you sign up for an account and log in for the first time, you will likely be prompted to make a deposit. If not, you should see a "deposit now" button on the main home screen or by visiting your account settings.
Each fantasy sports site accepts a different range of deposit methods, but some of the most common include credit cards, debit cards, PayPal and electronic bank transfer. In most cases, deposits are credited to your account instantly and you'll be able to join your first contest immediately after depositing.
3. Join your first fantasy contest
You can join your first fantasy contest by logging in and browsing the lobby showing upcoming contests for the league of your choice.
At most daily fantasy sports sites, selecting the name of any contest will bring up an informational screen showing key information such as the entry fee, top prize, and payout structure.
Select the league and contest of your choice and tap or click the "enter" button to pay your entry fee to begin your draft.
4. Draft your team
Each fantasy site and contest type has its own approach to the drafting process. Some contests may have you draft a full nine athletes while others may only have you pick six athletes.
Other contests involve "tiers" in which a single athlete from multiple skill tiers is picked without price considerations.
Whether it's a standard salary cap game or a different type of DFS contest format, the goal in all fantasy contests is to build the most effective and efficient team possible.
5. Watch and wait for results
After you have drafted your team and submitted your lineup, all that remains is to wait and watch the results. As your drafted players accumulate stats in their games, your fantasy team is awarded points.
If you score more points than your opponents, you win the contest and collect the prize money.
All daily fantasy sports prizes are awarded automatically following the conclusion of the last game of the slate.
Yes. Daily fantasy sports is legal at the federal level and in most states. A handful of states with overly-broad gambling laws prohibit daily fantasy contests, but the majority of our readers have access to DFS websites.
Many states are legalizing traditional sports betting, but the DFS industry had a head start thanks to a special exemption from the UIGEA. The lawmakers who wrote the UIGEA specifically listed fantasy sports as exempt from the law.
The legal situation wasn't always this cut and dry, though. When FanDuel and DraftKings were undergoing their first major growth phase they had to deal with significant uncertainty in nearly every state.
Major DFS sites consider their real money contests to be games of skill and entered most states under that assumption. Attorneys general in multiple states ordered FanDuel and DraftKings to cease operations, and this initiated a multi-front legal battle that had both sites fighting for their very existence.
DFS operators also initiated extensive state-level lobbying campaigns, hoping to shape the perception of lawmakers across the country. FanDuel and DraftKings went on a national advertising blitz, continued forging partnerships with professional sports teams, and undergoing multiple investment rounds.
These efforts were largely successful and fantasy sports sites were able to gain access to most states thanks to a combination of lawmakers passing DFS regulation and attorneys general in other states choosing not to intervene. Only a few states today have laws on the books that clearly prohibit daily fantasy sports.
Fantasy sports sites have introduced quite a variety of contest types over the years that we can generally classify into two major categories: cash games and tournaments.
Types of DFS Tournaments
Tournaments: DFS Tournaments are fantasy contests that offer large payouts. Imagine playing in a large contest with thousands of players and a $50,000 payout for first place. That is the prototypical tournament-style contest.
These are very difficult games to win, but the rewards if you win can be significant. Tournaments require considerable patience and confidence as long stretches between notable wins are just a part of the game.
Payout structures in tournaments are top-heavy, which means you get the most for finishing in first place, a little less for finishing in second and so on down the line.
Since the goal is to finish in as high a place as possible, tournament players tend to build volatile but high-ceiling lineups in a sort of go big or go home approach. You'll need to take some risks when it comes to building lineups for tournaments.
Big tournaments frequently accept multiple entries per user, which means you can enter a variety of different lineups in an effort to find one that gets the job done.
Of course, your opponents can do the same, and this means you'll be facing stiff competition from an endless variation of lineups.
GPPs: The term GPP refers to guaranteed prize pool fantasy tournaments. Technically all DFS contests are guaranteed prize pool events, but generally, the term "Gpp" at fantasy sites refers to large tournaments with big prize pools.
Freerolls: Fantasy freerolls have no entry fee but offer a cash payout to the winners – often used as an incentive for new customers to sign up or as a part of other promotional activities for existing customers.
Satellites: Satellite contests award entry to a larger tournament in lieu of a cash payout. For example, bankroll limitations might have you enter a $5 DFS satellite for a shot at winning entry to a $100 tournament that would otherwise have been too expensive to buy in directly.
Tournaments: Some DFS sites use the term "tournament" to specifically refer to contests with 3-100 players. It tends to work that the biggest contests with the biggest prizes are called GPPs while smaller tournaments are just called tournaments.
Beginners Only: DFS sites are required by law in some states to offer beginners only tournaments, which are only open to players who do not have much experience. For example, DraftKings hosts beginners only games open to players who have played in 50 or fewer contests.
Steps: Steps are a series of small fantasy sports tournaments with buy-ins that increase as you move up levels. Each step contest on the way up awards entry to the next level up until you get to the final step and play for a larger cash prize. You may enter directly at any level or start from the bottom and work your way up.
DFS Cash Games
Daily fantasy sports cash game contests are much easier to win and offer smaller payouts. Rather than looking to score a massive win, fantasy sports cash game players are looking to win smaller payouts more frequently.
Head-to-head contests and 50/50s are examples of DFS cash games. In each, you only need to outperform a limited number of people to guarantee a fixed payout.
For example, imagine a 50/50 game in which 100 people enter. In this type of contest, you only need to outperform half of the field to earn a payout equal to double your entry fee.
Payout structures in fantasy sports cash games are flat, which means it doesn't matter if you finish in first place or barely squeak by to finish in the top half of the field. All that matters is you beat enough players to earn a payout.
As such, players tend to draft lineups that are safe – the goal isn't to finish in first place; it is to draft a lineup with the best chance possible of performing just well enough to earn a payout.
There is no need to make risky plays in cash games.
Types of Fantasy Sports Cash Game Contests
Head-to-Head: Play against a single opponent for a winner-take-all prize pool. You either win the contest and double your entry fee, or finish in second place and lose your buy-in.
50/50s: The goal in fifty-fifty and double-up dfs contests is to place in the top 50% of the field. If 100 people enter, 50 people win double their money (minus commission) and 50 people go home empty-handed.
Multipliers: Multipliers are based on the 50/50 model but offer payouts to a smaller portion of the field. For example, triple-ups offer a 3x payout to the top 33% of the field while quadruple-ups offer a 4x payout to the top 25% of the field.
Types of Drafts
All the above types of contests can also vary in how your lineup is constructed.
Salary Cap: Most fantasy sports games use the salary cap model for lineups. That is, you're given a set amount of money to spend on players and build the best team possible. In a salary cap game, drafting an athlete does not remove him from the pool for everyone else; all athletes are available to all contestants.
Snake Draft: Snake drafts have been used in season-long fantasy football leagues for years. In a snake draft, athletes who are drafted become unavailable to everyone else. The snake draft format keeps things fair by reversing the order of picks each round. This means the person who picks first in the 1st round will pick last in the 2nd round while the person who picked last in the 1st round will pick first in the 2nd
Auction Draft: An auction draft works sort of like a snake draft, but rather than simply drafting an athlete when it is your turn, you nominate an athlete. The nominated athlete then goes on auction as you and the other GMs all bid on him. The highest bidder gets the athlete. This is a very strategic form of drafting because you have a limited salary and must choose very carefully not only who you bid on, but also who you nominate.
Pick 'Em: This term is not very well-defined, and you'll find fantasy sites use it to describe many DFS contest types. One type of pick 'em contest introduced by DraftKings presents you with a group of players for each position until you have filled out an entire roster.
The legalization of sports betting across the United States beginning in 2018 is giving a growing number of fans the ability to choose between daily fantasy football and legal sportsbooks. Many fantasy football fans are drawn to the daily fantasy format, while others prefer making sports bets. Some fans enjoy both.
There is a crossover appeal between daily fantasy sports and sports betting for obvious reasons. Both appeal to sports fans and require knowledge of the game, and skill plays a large role in your results.
In either format, highly-skilled players can potentially generate a long-term profit.
There are also some major differences that make each a unique experience. Some of those differences are obvious, others not so much. Let's take a look at some of the ways the two are similar and some of the ways in which they differ.
Different: The Big Picture vs. Specific Outcomes
Daily fantasy tends to take a bigger picture approach. You're not just betting on the outcome of a single game or how many points a single player will score in a game; you are going to be building a team of players from around the league – many of whom will be competing in different games.
Building a daily fantasy lineup means you'll want to consider a variety of players, who they'll be playing against, how much each player will cost to draft, depending on how strategic you want to get.
Sports betting also requires a wide knowledge base, but individual wagers are much more specific in nature: Will the Broncos win tomorrow? How many points will be scored in tonight's NBA game?
It takes just as much skill to do well in sports betting overall, but each individual bet deals with a much narrower focus compared to drafting a full lineup.
Similar: You Compete Against Other People
Daily fantasy sports and traditional sports betting both put you in competition against other people. People often say sports betting is played against the house, which although true to an extent, does not take into account all the other bettors out there who are also researching their wagers, placing bets and impacting the lines.
On the other hand, the competition is definitely much more in your face when it comes to daily fantasy. You'll actually see and compete in games with other people in a fantasy contest.
Different: Daily Fantasy is Legal in More States
Sports betting is quickly catching up to daily fantasy in terms of where it's legal, but DFS still has the win in this regard. For now, daily fantasy is the more convenient form of sports gambling in most states.
Similar: Skilled Players Can Generate a Consistent Profit
Sufficiently skilled players can profit long term in both DFS and sports betting, but it's extremely difficult and only a small percentage of players are able to achieve regular success.
Different: Sports Betting is Easier for the Casual Sports Fan
The vast majority of sports bettors and fantasy players are what we call casual players, who play for entertainment. They like to win, but don't take it very seriously and often just draft a slate of their favorite players.
For these casual sports fans, sports betting is a more convenient way to get action. There is a much lower time investment when it comes to researching a single wager as opposed to drafting an entire lineup.
Will You Be Taxed for Winning DFS?
What Are Single Entry DFS Contests & Why Should You Play Them?
Building a DFS Lineup Strategically: GPP vs. Single Entry vs. Cash
Should You Build Lineup Stacks in DFS?
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The Report Electricity Transmission Towers Market: Global Industry Analysis and Opportunity Assessment 2017-2026 provides information on pricing, market analysis, shares, forecast, and company profiles for key industry participants.
Chapter 13, 14 and 15, to describe Electricity Transmission Towers sales channel, distributors, traders, dealers, Research Findings and Conclusion, appendix and data source.
The research includes historic data from 2013 to 2017 and forecasts until 2026 which makes the report an invaluable resource for company executives, marketing executive, sales and product managers, consultants, analysts, and stakeholders looking for key industry data in readily accessible documents with clearly presented tables and graphs.


In the fashion retailer's first Father's Day campaign, reliable and hard working fathers are depicted as superheroes.
The beer brand enlists Wayne Gretzky and upscale product features to elevate the experience around the Red Light.
The organization's GTA branch has redefined its health and fitness positioning to align with its broader charitable mission.
A new campaign capitalizes on the insight that it's not just technology keeping kids and families from enjoying nature.
The retailer is proving the emotional connection its products provide by getting a pup's eye view of the world.
DJs, fighters, gamers and an NFL legend stand ready to host brand fans at special events across the country.
A St. Patrick's Day Snapchat execution builds on the insights around the demo's values and consumption habits.
The campaign evolves with a particular emphasis on educating kids in an attempt to replicate last year's success.
Plus, QSR brands pick new shops, Veritas adds to its team and more news you may have missed.
The shop took top honours, while Leo Burnett's Judy John became the first agency exec to win Marketer of the Year.
General Mills launches its first Canadian competition under Pillsbury and Betty Crocker, inspired by trends on social media.
The travel site's latest campaign showcases its new emphasis on providing not only deals, but experiences too.


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JBLHost uses technical security measures to prevent the loss, misuse, alternation or unauthorised disclosure of information under our control. JBLHost uses security measures including and not limited to: physical, electronic and managerial procedures to safeguard and secure the information we collect online. When we ask clients or users to provide financial information (such as a credit card number) that data is protected using Secure Sockets Layer ("SSL") technology.
We cooperate with government and law enforcement officials to enforce and comply with the law. We will disclose any information about Clients upon valid request by government or law officials as we, in our sole discretion, believe necessary or appropriate to respond to claims and legal process (including without limitation subpoenas), to protect your property and rights, or the property and rights of a third party, to protect the safety of the public or any person, or stop activity we consider illegal or unethical.


text:
require "spec_helper"

describe Mongoid::Fields::Internal::DateTime do

  let(:field) do
    described_class.instantiate(:test, :type => DateTime)
  end

  let!(:time) do
    Time.now.utc
  end

  describe "#cast_on_read?" do

    it "returns true" do
      field.should be_cast_on_read
    end
  end

  describe "#deserialize" do

    let(:date_time) do
      field.deserialize(time)
    end

    it "converts to a datetime" do
      date_time.should be_kind_of(DateTime)
    end

    it "does not change the time" do
      field.deserialize(time).should eq(time)
    end

    context "when using utc" do

      before do
        Mongoid.use_utc = true
      end

      after do
        Mongoid.use_utc = false
      end

      context "when setting a utc time" do

        let(:user) do
          User.new
        end

        let(:date) do
          DateTime.parse("2012-01-23 08:26:14 PM")
        end

        before do
          user.last_login = date
        end

        it "does not return the time with time zone applied" do
          user.last_login.should eq(date)
        end
      end
    end
  end

  describe "#selection" do

    context "when providing a single value" do

      it "converts the value to a utc time" do
        field.selection(time.utc.to_s).should be_within(1).of(time.utc)
      end
    end

    context "when providing a complex criteria" do

      let(:criteria) do
        { "$ne" => "test" }
      end

      it "returns the criteria" do
        field.selection(criteria).should eq(criteria)
      end
    end
  end

  describe "#serialize" do

    # This is ridiculous - Ruby 1.8.x returns the current time when calling
    # parse with a string that is not the time.
    unless RUBY_VERSION =~ /1.8/

      context "when the string is an invalid time" do

        it "raises an error" do
          expect {
            field.serialize("shitty time")
          }.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::InvalidTime)
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Send "a world of good wishes" with our Global Look business Christmas card. Our simple and elegant blue and gray card has two silver globes with a light blue ribbon surrounding them. On the ribbon, we can add as many as 25 characters, including spaces, perfect for your business name. Each card comes with a standard interior greeting, but you can add a personal message from your company in its place.
Recycled - 10% post consumer content Front personalization limited to 25 characters including spaces. An online proof of your front imprint is not available but you will be emailed a proof for approval prior to production.


Roy Turnbull (Letters, 2 May) draws attention to the incomprehensible planning decision by the Cairngorms National Park Authority, approving the construction of 1,500 houses (a new town) in one of the most beautiful but fragile environments within the Cairngorms and which will destroy the regenerating Caledonian forest and the habitat of many wildlife species in the process.
The developers have used all the politically correct jargon in their planning application – respect for environment, sustainable, local materials, job creation, affordable homes, low carbon footprint etc. However, pressures on the fragile ecosystem and the local infrastructure will be enormous: 1,500 houses equates to around 3,600 additional people and 2,000 motor vehicles using the already dangerous A9 which will be added to the growth of traffic generated by an expanding Inverness.
How this development came to be approved under the Scottish Sustainable Communities Initiative beggars belief. As Mr Turnbull suggests, the Scottish Government should think again.


This is a great location for an overview of the Pound but you need to be lucky, or persistent, to get the right combination of weather and light.
A car is the only practical way to access this site. It is a five hour drive from Adelaide so you will need accommodation at the nearby Wilpena Pound Resort or at a camp ground. All roads are bitumen except for the 400 metres of gravel to the actual spot where this was taken.


text:
Aspire To Inspire
Nu-Disco
Home Bass Music
GTA Drop Part 2 Of Their Death To Genres Mini-Mix Series
by Matthew Meadow
in Bass Music, EDM News, Mixes, Trap
GTA have got something really special planned for next week. Long-time fans of the duo from Miami know they've been teasing their first official body of work, the DTG Vol. 1 EP out next week, March 23rd.
As a huge run-up to the premiere, GTA are dropping mini-mixes with unreleased content from the EP – but we're not gonna tell you what it is! That's just to keep you guessing.
The first part dropped yesterday on Hypetrak, and we've got Part 2 for you below. There are five parts in total to the mini-mixes, and the last part will be released as they are all strung together into one flowing mix. For now though, you'll just have to settle for them one at a time. Check out Part 2 below and get ready for DTG Vol. 1.
If you don't feel like waiting for the full EP to drop, you're in luck. GTA are headlining Beyond Wonderland this weekend in Southern California and they're sure to drop some unreleased goodies for you. They'll also be in Miami for Ultra Music Festival, and will have their own party for WMC, and you wouldn't want to miss either of those.
UPDATE: Surprise!!! GTA just dropped one of the tracks from the EP featuring TJR, no doubt made while the two were on tour together these past couple months. Titled "Mic Check," this bounce tune has enough angst to rival a '90s goth teen. Check it out below.
Keep in touch with GTA on Facebook | Twitter | Soundcloud
Tags: Death To GenresgtaMini MixPart 2premieretrap
[Giveaway] Win Tickets & A Meet & Greet With Hardwell At UME 2015
7 US Festivals to Look Out for in 2015 [Video]
Matthew Meadow
Lover of all bass music. I'm not afraid to speak my mind and put it to paper, and I do it often. I call Los Angeles my home, there's no better place for emerging EDM. Get in touch with me more via email or Twitter.
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© 2020 Your EDM, LLC - All Rights Reserved

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Cure-All for Plumber's Crack!
Waste House by BBM is "UK's first permanent building made from rubbish"
Peelpride is a serial kitchen tools to use fruit peels as flavour enhancers for food and drinks. Thin peeled, the peel can be dried and grinded to use..
This strikingly big table was built for an apple computer store in the old city of Graz/ Austria. It is massive, it is timeless and it is simple. This..
100% wool felt self-adhesive headboard. These playful headboards can be applied directly to the wall or any other smooth surface without damage. With proper care, this headboard can be relocated and reused. Ideal for a nomadic lifestyle or ever evolving kids bedrooms. Made in UK. Additional information on Room 39.


Cold draw: Light note of milk chocolate.
1st third: Starts with a creamy milk chocolate sweetness and a nutty and floral coffee bean note.
3rd third: Keeps the smooth and creamy nutty and milk chocolate sweetness from previous parts. The coffee notes keeps in the background. There's a hint of caramel fudge emerging that rounds out the finish of this great cigar.
Conclusion: A mild to medium bodied cigar with a medium strength profile. A well balanced cigar that would match perfectly with a cup of cappuccino or a cup of hot chocolate with whipped cream and marshmallows.
When are these hitting the shelf?
Should be out soon, when I wrote it I thought they were already out.


SOUTHAMPTON, HAMPSHIRE, UK – 8th May 2018 – ProcessFlows, a Software, Solutions and Outsourced Services company, is pleased to announce the launch of the RECITE's client side recorder, fully compatible with Skype For Business in Office365. In addition to its multiple Skype for Business certifications, server recording integrations of client side calls are enabling businesses to securely store and control access to their Office365 recorded interactions.
By adding the RECITE Client Side Recorder for Office 365 to its portfolio, ProcessFlows provides its partners and clients with an all-in-one Skype for Business interaction recording and quality management application, ultimately helping to improve resource performance and customer experience.
RECITE requires a quick install on each computer the company wants to record and minimal training, thanks to its user-friendly interface. All computers are synchronized to the main server on a real-time or scheduled basis with full control of user permissions.
This business solution offers a number of benefits, including unique insights into employee-customer communications with complete tracking of interactions: voice, video, screen and IM/chat for better productivity at lesser costs. It has highly secure 256-bit built-in encryption and recording storage on the company server or on a virtual device, which protects all sensitive information inside the business and ensures regulatory compliance with PCI-DSS, HIPAA, BASLII and GDPR.
For over 30 years, ProcessFlows has delivered innovative and business enhancing software solutions, creating not just a wealth of experience, but also a highly-skilled team of business consultants and analysts.
For more information about RECITE, please email us.
ProcessFlows UK Ltd. (now part of Konica Minolta UK Group) is a rapidly expanding United Kingdom I.T. & Services company with offices in Chandlers Ford, Mansfield and Ipswich in the UK and Sofia, Bulgaria. With more than 3 decades in the industry, we have built a prestigious customer base, providing personalised solutions and support many of the UK's top 500 companies and the public sector.
For the last 7 years, ProcessFlows has been offering customers dedicated outsourcing solutions where we hire and host specialised staff that work directly for the client's team based out of our Managed Services Center in Sofia.
The benefit for the client is access to exceptional talent, a cost-effective extension of their own resource to enable scalable growth.
Follow us: @ProcessFlows on Twitter | ProcessFlows on Facebook.


The State Auditor's Office aims to provide oversight and to ensure the accountability of government operations. As such, my office conducts independent audits as mandated by the Legislature through statute or the budget process, or through requests directed by the Joint Legislative Audit Committee. While our recommendations are typically directed to the agencies we audit, we also make recommendations for the Legislature to consider in the interest of more efficient and effective government operations. This special report summarizes those recommendations we made during calendar years 2014 and 2015 for the Legislature to consider.
In this special report we include recommendations intended to improve the cost‑effectiveness of state programs. For example, our audit of the Department of Health Care Services (Health Care Services) School‑Based Medi‑Cal Administrative Activities programs identified weaknesses in the contracts between the local educational consortia or local governmental agencies and their claiming units that effective Health Care Services' oversight should have prevented. We recommend that the Legislature enact legislation as soon as possible that requires Health Care Services to prepare a report annually for the administrative activities program in order to help improve and maximize the benefits of the program, as well as to provide enhanced transparency to stakeholders.
In some instances, we make recommendations intended to enhance the safety of California's citizens. For example, our follow‑up audit of the Department of Justice (Justice) Armed Prohibited Persons System found that Justice has not fully implemented a recommendation from our initial report regarding backlogs in its two processing queues. We recommend that the Legislature require Justice to complete an initial review of cases in the daily queue within seven days and periodically reassess whether Justice can complete these reviews more quickly.
The Appendix that starts on page 57 includes a listing of legislation chaptered or vetoed during the first half of the 2015–16 Regular Legislative Session that was related to the subject matter discussed in our audit reports.
If you would like more information or assistance regarding any of the recommendations or the background provided in this report, please contact Paul Navarro, Chief of Governmental and Legislative Affairs, at (916) 445‑0255.


text:
Our project News and Events Publications Study Resources External Sources Contacts Project activities
EUROPROC Coordinator Takes part in the V phase of Ukrainian-Polish project "Innovative University and Leadership"
European Project Culture (Europroc) / All the news of the site "European Project Culture (Europroc)" / EUROPROC Coordinator Takes part in the V phase of Ukrainian-Polish project "Innovative University and Leadership"
November 04, the second session of the V phase of the international Ukrainian-Polish project "Innovative University and Leadership" was launched. The project aims to train the agents of changes in the Ukrainian HE system. Project participants selected by means of tough open contest would spend a month at Warsaw and Jagiellonian Universities attending trainings and individual consultations in modern university development strategies design. ZNU is represented by postdoc Victoria Meniaylo. The first day of the program was devoted to the basic principles of the Warsaw University development strategy planning presented by the former Vice-Rector, Prof. Anna Hyza-Poleshchuk. They also attended a fundamental lecture by the President of International Educational Politics Fund and one of the project's co-coordinators Taras Finikov highlighting the major tendencies of the European educational system development and strategical planning development perspectives in the national HEIs. The project would result in the participants' building up and implementing their own microprojects aimed at their universities' or the national HE system's strategic development.
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. The web-site information reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Use of web-site materials, reposting and dissemination are only for free of charge usage with obligatory reference to the source web- site: "European Project Culture"
National Erasmus+ Office in Ukraine (EU-funded project) © Copyright 2017, All Rights Reserved |


Actually, I am using my Lumia since almost 1 Month and i have updated it OTA for 1304, but after that, i have the problems related to connectivity and call dropped.....etc.
Now about one month of announcing the 1314 update and i still can't get it, can anyone give me a product code that support this update and support Arabic too.
Now I am working on 2G network till update my mobile, what make me feel like dead.


The Falcons opened the preseason with a shutout loss to the New York Jets, 17-0. Let's break down the good, bad, and ugly from Friday night's game.
Also, the Falcons backup quarterback situation appears in decent shape. Both Matt Schaub and Kurt Benkert performed well enough to secure a roster spot. Folks were more impressed with Benkert because he took more shots down the field. However, Schaub completed all nine of his pass attempts, and you can't argue against the leadership he brings to the quarterback meeting room.
Hybrid defensive back Damontae Kazee impressed me the most. The second-year man flew around the field, consistently making open field tackles, totaling 11.
Preseason or not, penalties aren't good. The Falcons committed 10 penalties on Friday night, including a couple of infractions of the new helmet rule. For the record, this rule is awful and will certainly cost teams some games this season.
Atlanta also went almost half the game without a first down. 3rd down is something the Falcons emphasized in training camp. Not being able to execute 3rd down conversions in a game situation is bad, I don't care if it's the preseason or not. No need to panic over it, though.
Linebacker Duke Riley was pitiful on Friday night. For someone who coaches praised for having a strong offseason, Riley deserves nothing but ridicule for his performance against the Jets. He missed numerous tackles and took a terrible angle on Jets running back Isaiah Crowell which led to the game's first touchdown.
But nothing was as ugly as Falcons Twitter during, and after, the game. Fans took to the internet to beg for the removal of Steve Sarkisian as offensive coordinator because they didn't like his play-calling. Fans also complained about Atlanta's failure to score points, as if it indicates what will happen in the regular season. Check this out, the Cleveland Browns went undefeated in the preseason last year, to go 0-16 in the regular season. So, internet Falcons fans, all the overreacting to what happened in a preseason game is a waste of energy. Relax.
Falcons Cheat Code in Madden 19?


Variability of Wages across Sectors : How much, why and with what Consequences ?
Wage Structures, Employment Adjustments and Globalisation. Evidence from Linkied and Firm-Level Panel Data Sets:Variability of Wages across Sectors : How much, why and with what Consequences ?
Why do wages vary across industries?


text:
Q: In a double buffer opengl context, is it possible that front and back buffer be the same? I have a situation in which I ask and get a double-buffering OpenGL context, but when I draw in it, both the front and back buffer are affected. The draw buffer is set to the back buffer (And only the back buffer). If I look in OpenGL Profiler, I do see all that: the value for GL_DRAW_BUFFER (GL_BACK) and the actual back and front buffer being drawn to.
Since I'm working with an NSWindow that has a backing store, We do not see any of this happening on the screen. The problem is that I'm getting screenshots of this window with CGWindowListCreateImage. This function seems to be fetching the image from the front buffer, and not from the screen buffer (Wherever that is...). So the image returned is incomplete: it only contains the elements that are drawn at the moment it is grabbed, even if no flush has been called.
There is a utility in the mac developer package called Pixie. It basically grab the screen at the mouse position, and display it zoomed in so you can analyze it. This program has the same behavior than calling CGWindowListCreateImage: you can see incomplete images. So I guess the problem is not with the way I use CGWindowListCreateImage, but rather with my window or my display...
Also, It does not seems to happen all the time. Not every windows show this behavior, and even for a given window, it seems to come and go, especially if I move the window to a different screen (In a dual display).
Anyone faced this before?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
October 25, 2000 Conference paper Open Access
Optical and surface properties of oxyfluoride glass
Nee, Soe-Mie F.; Johnson, Linda F.; Moran, Mark B.; Pentony, Joni M.; Daigneault, Steven M.; Tran, Danh C.; Billman, Kenneth W.; Siahatgar, Sadegh
JSON-LD (schema.org) Export
"description": "Using conventional materials like fused silica and sapphire for critical window components in a high-power laser system can lead to intolerable thermal distortions and optical path difference effects. A new oxyfluoride glass is being developed which has the unique property of possessing a negative thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT) in the near- and mid-wave infrared. Specifically, the refractive index (n) of oxyfluoride glass decreases as the temperature increases. The distortions caused by thermal expansion of the glass during laser irradiation are partly offset by the negative dn/dT. This paper specifically addresses optical properties and surface finishing of oxyfluoride glass compared to fused silica. Normarski micrographs and surface profiles were measured to inspect the surface quality since smooth surfaces are essential for suppressing surface scattering and absorption. The refractive index and thermo-optic coefficient were measured using null polarimetry near the Brewster angle. Low dn/dT is required for laser windows. Transmittance spectra were measured to deduce the extinction coefficient by comparing with the transmittance calculated from the refractive index and to screen for unwanted absorption from contaminants including hydrocarbon oils, polishing residue, and water or -OH groups. Total integrated scattering was measured for both surface and bulk scattering. All measurements were done on 1.0- and 1.5-inch-diameter witness samples.",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode",
"creator": [
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Nee, Soe-Mie F."
"name": "Johnson, Linda F."
"name": "Moran, Mark B."
"name": "Pentony, Joni M."
"name": "Daigneault, Steven M."
"name": "Tran, Danh C."
"name": "Billman, Kenneth W."
"name": "Siahatgar, Sadegh"
"headline": "Optical and surface properties of oxyfluoride glass",
"image": "https://zenodo.org/static/img/logos/zenodo-gradient-round.svg",
"datePublished": "2000-10-25",
"url": "https://zenodo.org/record/1235596",
"@context": "https://schema.org/",
"identifier": "https://doi.org/10.1117/12.405276",
"@id": "https://doi.org/10.1117/12.405276",
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"name": "Optical and surface properties of oxyfluoride glass"
Data volume 127.2 MB


During the winter months commuting on your bike changes, the darker evenings start to set in and this means that when you are heading home after a busy day at work, then you are likely to be cycling in the dark.
When you are going to be cycling at night you need to make sure that you have the right equipment to keep you safe. One of the most important things that you need to buy are lights. You should have lights at the front and rear of your bike, which means that you can be seen from all angles. A great set to choose is the Lezyne KTV2 Drive Pair.
You should also consider tail lights when it comes to cycling at night, you want something compact as well as ultra-visible. Another offering is from Lezyne- Zecto Drive 80. Which is not only powerful and compact, but it also boasts an increased battery capacity too.
Lights are important, but you also need to make sure that you can be seen as well as your bike. This means that one piece of safety equipment that you need to buy is a Hi-Viz safety vest. They may seem like a basic piece of equipment, but they definitely are one of the most useful.
Riding in the dark means that you need to be careful and think about things a little differently to how you would if you were riding in the daylight. Riding in the dark means that you need to plan your route, you need to know not only where you are going, but also if there is anything that you should look out for on your journey, such as poorly surfaced roads or a path that is going to have a lot of holes in.
If you can, it makes sense to try and ride in a group, or at the very least with someone else. This will help you to not only be motivated to ride in the dark, but also keep you safe in numbers too, as well as help you if there are any mechanical issues.
Most of all, you need to make sure that you enjoy your ride too. Of course, it can be scary to ride in the dark, but it can also be worthwhile and it can boost your confidence as a rider too.
One thing to keep in mind is that just because the weather has turned darker, that doesn't mean that you have to put your e-bike away and give up on commuting on two wheels. You will, however, have to think about the safety equipment that you need to buy and have on your bike, as well as how you can be safe and protected whilst you cycle around.


text:
Red Tara: Female Deity & Tibetan Buddhism
GenderTibetan/Himalayan February 5, 2014 - No comments
A review of Red Tārā: Lineages of Literature and Practice, by Rachael Stevens.
This thesis offers an insightful and much-needed overview of the literature, iconography and practices associated with the subjugatory aspect of Tibetan Buddhism's most popular female deity, Tārā (Tib. sGrol ma). Stevens' investigation embraces many of the most important schools of Tibetan Buddhism, as well as their precursors in the Indic world of the first millennium. The dissertation deftly combines textual, ritual and art-historical elements to provide a satisfyingly well-rounded portrait of Red Tārā in her numerous forms, performing various functions for her devotees down the generations.
Tārā appears in many aspects represented by different colors, the most famous of which are green and white. The many forms of Tārā have become revered in Tibet and Western Tibetan Buddhism, both in their own rights and as attendants to the country's patron deity, the bodhisattva of compassion Avalokiteśvara (Tib. sPyan ras gzigs). Of the less pacific, red aspect of Tārā, the most well known is named Kurukullā (Tib. Rig byed ma), with her characteristic bow and arrow made of flowers, who has received at least some scholarly attention. Individual Red Tārās who are not Kurukullā are sometimes misidentified as her or subsumed under her aspect, and so overlooked or erased from the academic view. These often forgotten or marginalized manifestations together form the focus of this dissertation.
Due to a dearth of previous scholarship in this area, this dissertation is for the most part descriptive, rather than analytical or highly theoretical. From the start, Stevens rejects taking a feminist stance on representations of the goddess (p. 1), in favor of providing "a comprehensive survey of the literary and practice lineages of Red Tārā in the present day and more generally in Tibetan history" (p. 8). This is a positive trait in this context, resulting in a clear and uncluttered introduction to Red Tārā in all her forms. Split into three parts, Part One offers an introduction to the Buddhist Tārā and all Red Tārās (including Kurukullā), Part Two investigates the textual traditions on the non-Kurukullā Red Tārās in Tibet, and Part Three describes contemporary practices for these goddesses existing in the West today.
Chapter 1 contextualizes Red Tārā within the wider cult of Tārā in India and Tibet. It draws on a wide array of secondary literature, but here also Stevens makes the point that there is almost no such literature on Red Tārā specifically (p. 11). She weighs the various claims concerning where, when, and into which tradition (Brahmanical or Buddhist) Tārā was born in India (pp. 20-28). This is followed by a discussion of the name Tārā, its possible etymology and protective connotations (pp. 28-29). In the latter half of the first millennium, Tārā became a tantric deity par excellence, cited as having helped the Buddha overcome the dark forces of Māra and having her tantra taught by Śākyamuni in return (p. 32). Texts outlining Tārā practices appear to have been introduced into Tibet in the eighth century, after which she became a popular figure in Tibetan Buddhism (p. 35). Tārā "the mother of all Buddhas" is even seen as a mother of all Tibetans, since it is said that (while incarnating as a rock demoness) she gave birth to the first human inhabitants of Tibet (after sexual union with Avalokiteśvara incarnating as a monkey, p. 37). One especially important trait of Tārā that Stevens notes is her inspirational vow (incarnated as one "Wisdom Moon" or "Ye shes zla ba") only to be reborn in a female form — to prove that the spiritual capabilities of females are equal to those of males (p. 43).
Chapter 2 outlines the features of the most famous red manifestation of Tārā, Kurukullā (pp. 68-81). Stevens then distinguishes this Tārā from other Red Tārās, and forms her thesis that "although Kurukullā is indeed an emanation of Tārā and is one of her forms, it is not the case that all Red Tārās are related to Kurukullā" (p. 81). The next sections of this chapter offer a conspectus of the non-Kurukullā Red Tārā lineages known to Stevens (pp. 82-97). This encompasses traditions in India and Tibet, including those of the Nyingma (rNying ma), Sakya (Sa skya), Geluk (dGe lugs) and Kagyu (bKa' brgyud) schools. Stevens' accounts provide tantalizing glimpses of the many Red Tārā practices that are no longer available for study, either having died out or still being shrouded in protective silence by their current lineage holders. Part Two of the dissertation then goes into a detailed examination of "the individual forms of Red Tārā for which a textual tradition can still be traced" by academics (p. 102), presented in roughly chronological order.
The first chapter of Part Two, Chapter 3, deals with the Pīṭheśvarī Red Tārā in India, and as translated from an Indic language into Tibetan in the eleventh century (p. 157). Stevens expands on the limitations of feminist analyses of this goddess, especially the approach of Miranda Shaw. She argues that Shaw did not investigate all texts on Pīṭheśvarī written by the undated female author, Vajravatī (p. 104), and misreads one of these texts as being written for an exclusively female audience (pp. 153-154). Stevens also questions Shaw's dependent claim that, as a text meant only for female practitioners (to be practiced with male spiritual consorts), the lineage died out due to male bias against the tradition in the later monastic setting of Tibetan Buddhism (pp. 156-157). Instead, Chapter 3 describes Pīṭheśvarī afresh, on the basis of a larger set of data, as a goddess of the twenty-four sacred sites of India (pīṭha) that correspond to the twenty-four points on the spiritual body (pp. 137-152). Stevens especially draws attention to the deity's associations with the symbolism of subjugation in all of her variant iconographies (pp. 129-130); and while some of the textual accounts that she studies do not emphasize this aspect (pp. 135-136), she argues that it is probably implied along the lines of the Yoganiruttaratantra class of highest tantric yoga practice (p. 159).
Chapter 4 describes the Red Tārās of the Sakya textual tradition in Tibet. The earliest of these texts also appeared in the eleventh century, often drawing on Indic sources (p. 174). Yet their iconographies of Red Tārā differ from that of other traditions in Tibet (p. 207). Stevens uses some of the unique characteristics of these iconographies to compare the early texts of the Sakya school with later texts on Red Tārā by such Tibetan luminaries as Tāranātha (1575–1634) (pp. 204-207). She thereby considerably narrows the field of likely candidates for the source texts of Tāranātha's important work on Red Tārā (p. 206), as well as usefully charting the continuation of the Sakyapa Red Tārā lineage, and the expansion of its practice texts, within several different Tibetan schools.
Chapter 5 deals at length with the Red Tārās included among the famous 21 Tārā group (see also p. 53). The song of praise to these Tārās has evident Indic roots, though Stevens questions Alex Wayman's assertion that the song represents a syncretic blend of Śaivism and Buddhism (p. 212). In Tibet, the 21 Tārā praise is mostly performed for mundane benefits, though Khenchen Palden Sherab and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal claim that the number 21 is connected to the Buddha's 21-fold teachings on enlightenment or the 21 knots to be untied on the path to realization (pp. 214-215). The praise contains both peaceful and wrathful aspects of Tārā to be contemplated in the morning and evening respectively (p. 215), and the Red Tārās fall into the latter category.
Stevens analyses the praise as it exists in five different lineages in Tibet (following Jeff Watt, p. 214), focusing especially on the lineages of Sūryagupta (containing 6 Red Tārās, pp. 217-227) and the Nyingma (containing 7, pp. 229-238). She details the symbols of subjugation associated with the each Red Tārā, such as the bow and arrow, flaming vajra, black dagger, or the sounds hūṃ and tuttāra indicating her magnetizing voice (Stevens follows Robert Beer in her analysis of these symbols, pp. 240-247). Magnetization is another power of Red Tārā, which like subjugation can be explained as possessing a mundane and supra-mundane aim (for instance as magnetizing your guru to appear or "to attract support for one's dharma practice," p. 395). Stevens follows this with a description of a 21 Tārā initiation according to the Sūryagupta tradition (this time with a Red Tārā at the center of the maṇḍala), which she witnessed in Dharamsala, India (pp. 247-250). She notes that, like the Pīṭheśvarī practices above, such empowerments are performed against a backdrop of the yoganiruttaratantra class of attainment (p. 248). Her in-depth descriptions and helpful tabulations of Red Tārās among the 21 Tārās, contained in this chapter, will hopefully pave the way for further links between iconography, literature and initiatory practice of Red Tārā to be forged in the future.
Chapter 6, the final chapter of Part Two, concerns a twentieth-century Red Tārā lineage emanating from Apam Terton (A paṃ gTer ston, 1895–1945). As a terton (gter ston) or "treasure revealer", Apam is said to have revealed from his mind many religious texts bestowed upon him in an eighth-century incarnation by the great Guru Rinpoche or Padmasambhava (pp. 254-257). Stevens is thus always aware that these texts contain living and secret practices that should not be disclosed in full to a wider uninitiated audience, including scholars (pp. 270-271). As much as possible, though, she gives a detailed analysis of these texts (pp. 270-285) and the iconography of Red Tārā contained within them (pp. 286-291), noting important similarities and divergences compared to the other traditions discussed above (e.g. p. 289 with the Sakya school). Again the symbolic hook, noose and other wrathful attributes predominate in Red Tārā's description, "indicative of her role as a subjugating / magnetizing goddess" (p. 291). In explaining Red Tārā's role in these texts (pp. 292-295), Stevens notes that the deity is more closely linked to Kurukullā in Apam's corpus (p. 296). This chapter makes it clear that he was responsible for a number of innovations, for instance using different mantras than other traditions, but his works did not represent a huge revolution in the textual and iconographic depiction of Red Tārā.
Part Three begins with Chapter 7, on Chagdud Tulku (lCags mdud sPrul sku 1930–2002) who was initiated into the Red Tārā cycle by a student of Apam Terton (p. 307). This connection thus acts as a bridge between the second two parts of the dissertation, moving from textual traditions to modern Red Tārā practices. Chagdud Tulku was born in Khams and became throne holder of Chagdud Monastery before going into exile in India and eventually arriving in the USA in 1979 (pp. 301–303). While in India, at the sacred Padmasambhava site of Tsho Padma (mTsho Padma) in Himachal Pradesh, he became part of Apam's Red Tārā lineage, but believed that the time was not right to practice or pass on this cycle (p. 308). Therefore, as Stevens notes later, the Tibetan community has not really practiced Apam's Red Tārā cycle whereas, since Chagdud Tulku began to spread them in the Americas, these practices have been "mostly taught by and to Western students" (p. 348). As background, this chapter therefore contains a useful discussion of the study of American Buddhism, especially Jan Nattier's typology based on the work of Rodney Stark and William Sims Bainbridge in the study of religions more generally (pp. 309-318). Stevens critiques the applicability of Nattier's schema to any particular group of adherents, for instance the Brazilian Chagdud community that falls somewhere between the "elite" or "evangelical" group (p. 315); the distinctness of this Southern American form of Tibetan Buddhist practice also suggests the limitations of Nattier's perhaps too USA-centric model (p. 316). Stevens then provides a potted history of Buddhism in America and Tibetan Buddhism in the USA and Brazil (pp. 318-323), and the Chagdud community in both countries (pp. 323-335). Stevens here draws attention to their almost unique trait within Western Tibetan Buddhism, that of containing a high proportion of Western teachers among their ranks (pp. 329-331). This includes many women, which is more indicative of American Buddhism in general (and vipassāna especially) whereas it contrasts with Buddhism as practiced in Tibet (pp. 331-335).
In their Red Tārā practices, the Western Chagdud communities continue to spread the innovations of Apam Terton, for example reciting the shortened form of her mantra and maintaining a symbolic link between her and Kurukullā (pp. 337-339). Yet they also continue to accord with wider Nyingma traditions of Red Tārā, such as those included among the 21 Tārās detailed above (p. 346). Chagdud Terton also added new innovations to the iconography of the goddess by revealing a new "treasure" text on a seven-eyed Red Tārā (pp. 341-342). Stevens' unprecedented scholarly attention to the São Paulo community, including an horarium of their Red Tārā daily practices and an introduction to their novel form of Red Tārā dream yoga (pp. 344-347), demonstrates it to be a flourishing site of Red Tārā lineages today, even after the passing of Chagdud Tulku. She ends this chapter by raising the interesting question of whether or how this situation will be altered when the newly discovered reincarnation of this Tibetan master comes of age (p. 329).
Finally, Chapter 8 looks at Red Tārā practices espoused by Stuart Kirkpatrick (a.k.a. Traktung Khepa/Traktung Rinpoche/Traktung Tulku) — the controversial head of a new Western Tibetan Buddhist community, the Flaming Jewel Sangha. Stevens rightly argues that to ignore this New Religious Movement due to its disputed bona fides would be to censor the ongoing Tibetan Buddhist tradition, which is unjustifiable from an academic perspective (p. 352). Nonetheless, she frankly addresses Kirkpatrick's claims to authority, contrasting his self-presentation online and the other viewpoints of contemporary Tibetan authority such as the present Dalai Lama (pp. 358–368), into which she brings a pertinent discussion of the disputed nature of "revealed treasure" (gter ma) following Janet Gyatso (pp. 368–371). The chapter then situates the Flaming Jewel Sangha as conforming to the description of a "cult" within Jan Nattier's typology, ultimately bringing in David Bromley's work on New Religious Movements to help explain its relation to older Tibetan Buddhist tradition (pp. 373–376). The text of their Red Tārā practice, "A Garland of Bimba Blossoms," is available online in English and in a sung version, accompanied by an image of the Red Tārā in question (p. 377). The text displays further innovations compared to other traditions, for example an "overtly sexual tone" more in keeping with another red goddess in Buddhism, Vajrayoginī (p. 378). Red Tārā's iconography mostly closely resembles that of the Apam / Chagdud tradition, but with substantial differences. For example, though her attire is not described explicitly in the text, in the accompanying image she has one breast exposed and "her skirt appears to be Western in style" (p. 379). This Red Tārā also lacks a strong symbolic link to Kurukullā (p. 385). The text's colophon describes the work as mind-treasure, similar to that of Apam (p. 383); yet it does not conform to the general tradition of "treasure" colophons that are meant to engender in the reader confidence that the work is authoritative (again following Gyatso, p. 384). This relates back to the disputed authority of Kirkpatrick himself and reminds us that in the contemporary world of Western Red Tārā practice, "the veracity of the sources are under question" just as in older traditions (p. 385).
It comes as no surprise that subjugation is a key theme that binds this dissertation into a whole. As Stevens points out in Chapter 2 that, "Red Tārā is the main example of Tārā as a subjugating deity, a function exemplified by her red color" (p. 63). Kurukullā is thus also a subjugatory deity, but this dissertation shows that she is by no means the only one and that not all Red Tārās are Kurukullā or explicitly related to her. In fact, in the light of this excellent study, even the relatively well-covered topic of Kurukullā (in the sense that it has been covered at all) could be revisited. It seems from Stevens' research that certain methodological and ideological presumptions held in previous studies of this goddess have misrepresented the data, and that the topic could be immensely clarified by the process of distinguishing Kurukullā from Red Tārā.
Interestingly, in the Western practice of Red Tārā, her wrathful traits appear to be downplayed. Stevens cites one witness in the Chagdud community as saying that the subjugatory aspect of Red Tārā is "not of great concern" (p. 395), and that Chagdud Tulku introduced her practice simply in order to help with Westerners' much-needed accumulation of merit (p. 347). "A Garland of Bimba Blossoms," as Stevens notes, contains no description of the function of Red Tārā, whether subjugatory or magnetizing (p. 382). This is just one of the many important points that this dissertation brings up in its survey of a broad range of material related to Red Tārā.
This breadth ensures the dissertation a wide audience to whom I can heartily recommend it: scholars of not only Tibetan, but also global Buddhism; those working on gender or goddesses within the field of religious studies more generally; and finally any interested practitioners of Tibetan tantric Buddhism, especially those holding a lineage of this fascinating and multifaceted deity, Red Tārā.
Lewis J. A. Doney PhD
"Kingship and Religion in Tibet" Research Group
Institute for Indology and Tibetology
LMU Munich
lewis.doney@lrz.uni-muenchen.de
The Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center (http://www.tbrc.org/#home)
The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford (http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/bodley)
The Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, Dharamsala, H.P. India (http://www.ltwa.net/library/index.php?option=com_multicategories&view=categories&cid=3&Itemid=15)
Himalayan Art Resources (http://www.himalayanart.org/)
"A Garland of Bimba Blossoms" online text (http://a2aquaponics.org/)
Dissertation Information
University of Oxford. 2011. 449 pp. Primary Adviser: Charles Ramble.
Image: Thang-ga of Red Tārā in the A-paṃ gter-ston tradition. Kathmandu, Nepal, 21st Century. Author's collection.
The author has indicated her interest in sharing an email contact, which is rayoflight100@yahoo.com
Tags:2011 Dissertation, Buddhism, Charles Ramble, University of Oxford
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Joseph Wright
Private Joseph Wright, 1st Battalion Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) Service number 41865. Formerly 201587, Royal Scots Regiment.
Private Joseph Wright.
Joseph was born in Haworth on July 1, 1875 and baptised at St Michael and All Angels Church on September 26. Parents William Edwin and Mary Wright. William was an engine tenter. In
1881 he was a scholar aged five, living with his parents and brother Thomas aged four at 8, Ebor Lane in Haworth. By 1891 he was fifteen and working as an apprentice roller coverer
He was still living at 8, Ebor Lane, Haworth with his widowed mother Mary, brothers Thomas and James, and sister Marian. They were still there ten years later in the 1901 census, although James had moved out by then. Joseph married Clara Ratcliffe on October 21, 1903 at St Peter's Church in Bradford. Clara was a twenty-two year old weaver of 10, Mill Hill, Haworth and Joseph was twenty-eight and still a roller coverer. By 1908 they had moved to 16, Cold Street in Haworth and Joseph was recorded here in the electoral roll until at least 1911. Clara died in 1910 aged twenty-nine after just seven years marriage. His mother was living with him at 16, Cold Street in the census. Joseph enlisted in 1916. He had no 1914-15 Star awarded, so must have gone out to France after January of that year.On May 16, 1918 he died of wounds received in action on May 8 whilst serving with the Scottish Rifles. He died at a Casualty Clearing Station and was buried in grave 35, row A of plot V at Haringhe (Bandaghem) Military Cemetery in Belgium.
Keighley News report dated 10th August 1918: WORTH VALLEY.
Information has long been sought respecting Private Joseph Wright, of the Scottish Rifles, who, prior to enlistment, resided with his brother, Mr James Wright, at Mount View.
The official information now to hand is that he was wounded in France on May 8 last, and died of wounds in hospital on May 16. Many efforts had been made in the meantime to establish his whereabouts, the only scrap of information being a message from a comrade who saw him wounded.
War diary entry for 1st Battalion Cameronians Scottish Rifles. May, 1918:
ATLANTIC CAMP. May 8. The enemy had attacked the French and 33rd Division front at 8 am. After the French had made an attack & drove the line back. Message received at about 9.30 am that situation on 30th composite Brigade front was obscure & that the Battalion was to take up a position in the VLAMERTINGHE LINE between HALLEBAST CORNER and a point 600 yards NE of HALLEBAST CORNER & would be prepated to make a deliberate counter attack if necessary. This was carried out later in the day and the objective was the old trench line lost to the enemy that morning. The attack began at 6 pm but a hurricane barrage landed on HALLEBAST CORNER just as A Company arrived and this caused a number of casualties. As soon as the leading companies reached the ridge North West of the ROZENHILL BECK the heavy barrage of machine gun fire opened - a certain amount of artillery fire opened but a proper barrage was not put down until A Company reached the ridge - very few casualties were inflicted by shell fire but very heavy casualties occurred through machine gun fire. The Company commanders of A, B & C Companies were wounded almost immediately. Casualties: 3 officers killed, 7 wounded; 16 other ranks killed, 184 wounded.
He is remembered on the main Haworth War Memorial, the roll of honour board in St Michael and All Angels Church and on the Haworth Oddfellows roll of honour, in the care of Wyedean Weaving in Haworth.
Birth, marriage and death records.
1881, 1891, 1901 and 1911 census.
WWI Service Medal and Award Rolls, 1914-1920.
Keighley News archives, Keighley Library.
The Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
Soldiers Died in the Great War.
Soldier's Effects records.
National Archives war diary for 1st Battalion Cameronians Scottish Rifles.
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