Sometimes in addiction treatment, just getting free from using drugs or alcohol can hijack all our attention. I cannot stress enough how important it is to recognize trauma's role when we talk about addiction treatment and recovery. The article "The Link Between Trauma and Addiction" by the Maryland Addiction Recovery Center made this point so well. I want to follow up from a trauma-informed care perspective.
There is always a reason someone is using. When a pattern of addiction behavior has taken hold, it is not because it's fun or feels good. People use because they are trying to maintain a sense of feeling "normal," to feel less badly, or to feel less of anything at all.
What kind of trauma are we talking about? MARC said it perfectly; "trauma can be different for everyone." Indeed, trauma is in the eye of the perceiver.
Trauma happens when something overwhelms and threatens a person's sense of safety or ability to cope. One person's forgettable incident may be another person's haunting memory. For some, it could be their parents' divorce. It could be getting lost in the grocery store. It could be having a childhood illness, or being in the hospital. It may be witnessing violence, or the suffering of a family member. It may happen with an abusive, absent or addicted parent, or silent emotional distance from a primary caregiver.
Trauma can actually be any event! What matters is that the person perceived trauma in his or her life. We need to recognize its impact on a person's mental health and its certain role in addiction.
Often people who develop addiction don't see themselves as trauma survivors. I want to encourage more people — therapists and families and people struggling with addiction — to see addiction recovery through a trauma-informed lens.
Becoming trauma-informed means learning about the impact of overwhelming, toxic stress on every part of the trauma survivor's life. As a therapist, providing trauma-informed care means being aware that for people that are using addiction behavior, a history of trauma is nearly always part of their experience. We need to become skilled and adept at guiding the recovery process to include treatment for trauma. This way long-term recovery is more likely to be sustainable.
It takes a non-pathologizing view — respecting the person in recovery as a worthy human being; they are not bad people, just people in pain!
It builds awareness of stages of addiction recovery — a "road map" for healing, not just the using behavior, but the pain that they were trying to address by using.
It enables the client, trauma survivors, to replace self-harming/addictive behavior with self-care, even with the same emotional triggers.
Many who struggle with addiction have self-tormenting thoughts about how weak, flawed or somehow defective they are for having this problem. Being non-pathologizing means seeing the person recovering as a human being in pain facing great challenges, not a defective person.
Trauma-informed therapy creates a space to recognize and claim the innate worth of the person in recovery. It does not mean turning a blind eye to substance abuse. Rather, we see people who tried to numb themselves to feel less badly, not because they are bad.
The non-pathologizing approach of trauma-informed care helps build the trust and safety needed for healing. But it's also important because it offers survivors a valid self-caring way to see themselves. They can see that they turned to self-harming addictions because there was nowhere else to turn to feel less, or to feel less badly. But now we can find a healthier path. There is hope!
Stage 1 is about getting clean and sober, and learning coping skills to deal with emotions, painful thoughts and feelings, and urges to use. When emotions are no longer numb, many in recovery feel overwhelming anxiety or depression, and they don't know what to do.
I believe Stage 1 is the most important stage, and it's only the beginning of the journey.
The first goal is to develop coping skills so a person in recovery knows what to do to recognize and deal with emotions in healthier ways.
It is so important for family members and people in recovery to understand this process. It's important to realize that completing a 28-day program doesn't mean you're done – you've only just begun. It takes time to build new coping skills. It takes time to develop connections with supportive people and 12-step or other support groups. That's why Stage 1 is the longest stage of trauma and addiction recovery.
In Stage 2, stabilization to gain freedom from substance use allows people to stay present and grounded while they make sense of what happened in their lives. Trauma-informed therapy helps survivors to process unresolved trauma. Mourning the loss of the happy childhood or peace of mind that you could not enjoy is part of this process.
As a trauma survivor, you learn that this is part of your experience, but it's not who you are. You do not have to recall every detail to heal, but you can remember it if you wish, and retell it without reliving it. Because of Stage 1, you are able to stay in the present moment as you review the past. You know healthy ways to cope with any triggers or cravings to use that may appear.
In Stage 3, unresolved trauma no longer defines or organizes your life. You recognize the impact of trauma – but you can heal, grow and live with it. You experienced overwhelming difficulty, but now you are growing from that. Your goal is to pursue a happy, healthy, loving life.
It's about living your life in the present moment, so you're not living in the body's unhealed response to traumatic memories. It really is a matter of improving your quality of life.
Even if progress in trauma treatment feels slow, that does not make it poor progress. Maintaining sobriety and recovery while processing difficult feelings and emotions is the key – stabilization is always required to make progress. In fact, slow progress is often good progress. That is because trauma-informed recovery allows us to honor the time it takes to cultivate new skills, strengths and abilities to maintain healthy behaviors and resilient healing.
For everyone, understanding trauma's role in addiction helps us better support people in recovery. Being trauma-informed helps those in recovery to understand themselves and why they began using, their need for emotional safety, the universal need for healthy coping skills and connections, and their right to feel calm and good about themselves.
Trauma-informed treatment helps therapists guide a positive journey to greater self-understanding, self-care and powerful coping skills. It is the most powerful approach I know to grow from addiction into a fulfilling, self-directed life that is not trauma driven.
How Essential is Compassion in Opiate Addiction Treatment?


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2011, 2010 FW Dodge construction activity
NEW HAMPSHIRE Future Construction Activity December 2011 2010 %ChangeNonresidential $18,729,000 $9,924,000 89%Residential $25,131,000 $37,947,000 -34%Nonbuilding $12,499,000 $16,724,000 -25%Total Construction $56,422,000 $64,595,000 -13% For the Year-to-date on a cumulative basis, the totals are:Year to Date 2011 2010 %ChangeNonresidential $223,368,000 $308,277,000 -28%Residential $210,198,000 $241,055,000 -13%Nonbuilding $326,863,000 $424,769,000 -23%Total Construction $760,429,000 $974,101,000 -22% FW Dodge. For the Year-to-date on a cumulative basis, the totals are:Year to Date 2011 2010 %ChangeNonresidential $683,000,000 $792,639,000 -14%Residential $440,673,000 $529,684,000 -17%Nonbuilding $299,624,000 $660,143,000 -55%Total Construction $1,423,297,000 $1,982,466,000 -28% Numbers are for the value of projects under contract.Nonresidential buildings include commercial, manufacturing, educational, religious, administrative, recreational, hotel, dormitory, and other buildings.Residential buildings include one and two family houses and apartments.Nonbuilding construction includes streets and highways, bridges, dams and reservoirs, river and harbor developments, sewage and water supply systems, missile and space facilities, airports, utilities and communication systems. Contracts for future construction activity in Vermont show decline in December and for the entire year versus 2010. New Hampshire suffered similar results. VERMONT Future Construction Activity December 2011 2010 %ChangeNonresidential $12,593,000 $6,079,000 +++Residential $7,690,000 $13,967,000 -45%Nonbuilding $25,323,000 $67,535,000 -47%Total Construction $15,668,000 $17,249,000 -33% read more
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Pelham: Frugality – Next Year's Too Late
by Tom Pelham Frugality and moderation – today these words seem old-fashioned and out of style, certainly regarding government spending. Yet, frugal people know moderation trumps wastefulness and sloth and that the day-to-day decisions of a cautious buyer promote long term financial health. The maxim ' a penny saved is a penny earned' has value when applied to life' s choices, ranging from home energy efficiency and car mileage to house sizes and mortgages to the purchase of quality food over junk and the cell services connecting us.Vermont' s constitution speaks to these virtues. Article 18 reads in part that ' a firm adherence to justice, moderation, temperance, industry, and frugality, are absolutely necessary to preserve the blessings of liberty, and keep government free; the people ought, therefore to pay particular attention to these points, in the choice of officers and representatives.'Vermonters have experienced the unhappy consequences when its ' officers and representatives' stray from theses virtues. Governor Kunin is rightfully recognized for her many strengths, but frugality was not among them. In the 6 years prior to 1991, state general and transportation fund spending grew at the annual rate of 9.2 percent before crashing into the 1990-1991 recession. The damage, lasting over eight years, included the downgrade of Vermont' s bond rating and the dishevelment of many important state programs. Fiscal stability was restored with the subsequent leadership of Governors Snelling and Dean. In the 8 years following 1991, state general and transportation fund spending grew at the modest rate of 2.6 percent. By 1999, Vermont' s bond rating was repaired and investments in important new initiatives from healthcare (VHAP) to land conservation (the Champion lands) were affordable.Through most of the last decade, our ' officers and representatives' abided the wisdom of frugality and moderation. The practical application of these virtues was called ' sustainable spending' , which allows the state budget to grow at rates matching realities in the underlying economy, from which state government extracts its revenues.More recently, however, our leaders have abandoned sustainable spending. Since 2008, Vermont' s population grew by less than one percent, those employed actually dropped by one percent, median household incomes were unchanged though wage growth was up by 7.8%, inflation grew by 8.6% and the education grand list' s value dropped by 3%.In striking comparison, total state spending grew by over 22% (up $909 million) and the two largest cost centers of state government, human services and education, grew respectively by 29.2% (up $472 million) and 11.2% (up $140 million). The continuing decline in student enrollment (down 6.2%) drove education spending per student up by 15.4% while property taxes rose by 17.6% (up $124 million).In two ways, our state leaders missed opportunities to avoid the imbalances described above. First, from 2009 to 2011, Vermont received over $930 million in federal ' stimulus assistance' to bolster the economy and protect the most vulnerable. But, rather than use these funds in a measured way to maintain existing benefits, programs were expanded like Fuel Assistance. With ' one-time' federal revenues now no longer available, our expanded state budget is now structurally out-of-balance and as proposed for fiscal 2014 relies heavily on high risk revenues such as prior year ' carry forwards' , diversions from the transportation fund, the expropriation of Catamount fees assessed on small businesses, diversions from a program benefiting the working poor (EITC) to child care, and revenues from break-open tickets, among others.Secondly, minimizing a recession' s fallout requires leaders to exercise a firm fiscal hand during a recession consistent with a forward looking exit strategy. If weak hands prevail, as they have, the grip of the recession hangs on longer. The firm hand must include reforms that make government more fit and prepared to engage the future as the recession recedes. Unfortunately, with millions of one-time federal dollars available, decision-makers side-stepped available choices to better position state government to exit the recession. These choices, including k-12 education reforms and Challenge for Change and Tiger Team reforms, offered tens of millions in savings opportunities.Our current leaders might hope that their fiscal choices will go unnoticed and without consequence. But, before our eyes we see the state lurch from ' budget gap' to ' budget gap' . We see no real action, for example, on education reform that puts children and property taxpayers first while yielding savings. Yet, our ' officers and representatives' among them republicans, democrats and progressives alike, can' t run fast enough with Vermont' s checkbook in hand to satisfy special interest lobbyists. This week its mandating union dues on non-union employees to fatten union coffers.But the day always comes when fiscal imbalance demands resolution, and it' s never pretty. At the end of this legislative session, our Governor may be face-to-face with his fiscal legacy. Let' s hope he can get ' tough things done' .Tom Pelham was Finance Commissioner for Governor Dean, Tax Commissioner for Governor Douglas and elected to the House of Representatives as an Independent, serving on the Appropriations Committee. He is a co-founder of Campaign for Vermont. read more
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Vermont becomes first state to offer free breakfast and lunch to all low-income students
With the school year just under way, Governor Peter Shumlin and Education Secretary Armando Vilaseca today visited Barre Town Elementary School to herald a new law making Vermont the first state in the nation to provide school meals –breakfast and lunch — at no charge for all students qualifying for the federal reduced-price meals program.'We all know that hungry children can't learn,' Shumlin said, who was joined by advocates committed to the battle against childhood hunger. 'Vermont is the first state to ensure that all children have access to good food, and therefore a better education.'Previously, children whose families earned over 130 percent of the federal poverty level (roughly $30,620 for a family of four) were ineligible for free school meals. The new law means that 37,000 children are now able to have breakfast and lunch at no charge during the school day.'With the governor's support, the Agency of Education and food advocates worked together to ensure that all students have the resources they need,' said Secretary Vilaseca. 'This is a huge step in the right direction. Schools will be able to provide kids with a reliable food source, allowing students to focus on their academics without worrying where their next meal will come from.'School meals are the main source of nutrition for many children. The USDA provides various levels of federal reimbursement for meals served to all students. Vermont's schools are in a unique position to ensure that all low-income students have access to healthy school meals at no charge with the new legislation, which was passed by the 2012 Legislature and signed into law by Governor Shumlin."This supports not only our students, but our school food service programs as well,' said Laurie Colgan, VT-AOE Child Nutrition Program Director. 'I hear from many schools that they are spending a lot of administrative time trying to collect bills for school meals. This support from our Governor and the Legislature indicates a strong commitment to the future of Vermont's students and the schools they attend."In 2008, Vermont made history by making breakfast free for all students who qualify for the reduced-price program. Hunger Free Vermont is an active voice in the on-going conversations about food insecurity. They assist schools with establishing school breakfast and lunch programs while also working to improve food quality and expand access to this reliable source of nutrition for school age children.'We are thrilled that Governor Shumlin and the Vermont Legislature supported this school meal expansion to ensure that all children in Vermont schools have proper nutrition on a daily basis,' said Marissa Parisi, Executive Director of Hunger Free Vermont. 'We believe this will positively impact children's health as well as their ability to learn and focus in the classroom without the worry of whether or not they will be able to eat lunch.'Improvements in children's health and education have helped Vermont maintain its No. 3 ranking by the annual Kids Count report, released by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, in education, family and community, as well as No. 4 in overall children's health. However, as it is elsewhere in the nation, poverty continues to be a problem in Vermont, and the percentage of children who rely on summer meal assistance has been increasing in Vermont.'Improvement of educational opportunities when faced with societal issues like poverty requires systemic approaches,' said Sec. Vilaseca. 'These are not easy problems to address, but the Agency of Education, in partnership with education stakeholders, has been able to make a difference through increased use of our full service approaches for delivering essential needs for Vermont's youth.''While we rank high nationally in many areas, we always strive to do better,' said John Fischer, Deputy Commissioner of Education. 'It's about continuous improvement. We want to graduate all students from high school and with better career readiness every year.'School officials across the state endorsed the change.'The elimination of the reduced price for students will benefit families, students, and teachers,' said Steve Marinelli, Milton Town School District Food Service Director. 'No longer will families have to struggle to pay for lunch and teachers will not have to worry about the nutritional needs of these students.''This bill finally removes a barrier between low income students and food access that has been in place throughout the country for over 50 years,' said Doug Davis, Burlington School District Food Service Director. 'By becoming the first state in the nation to eliminate the reduced priced meal category, Vermont has once again proven itself to be leader in the fight to end childhood hunger.'Source: Governor's office. 9.3.2013 read more
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Shumlin, emergency officials ask FEMA for public assistance related to ice storm
At the request of Governor Peter Shumlin, Vermont emergency management officials on Thursday asked the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to conduct a damage assessment in the Champlain Valley and northern Vermont counties impacted by the on-going ice storm. The state is applying in an attempt to secure federal public assistance to help cover the cost of cleanup and recovery from the storm.'I am requesting that the Federal Emergency Management Agency join State and Local teams to conduct a Joint Preliminary Damage Assessment in the Counties of Caledonia, Chittenden, Essex, Franklin, Grand Isle, Lamoille, and Orleans for Public Assistance,' wrote Joe Flynn, Director of the Vermont Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security to FEMA's Acting Regional Administrator Paul F. Ford.Flynn noted that rain, freezing rain, snow, icing conditions, and near zero temperatures have impacted Vermont since Dec. 20, creating power outages affecting 22,000 households ' about 75,000 Vermonters ' at its peak. In addition, Flynn said, the fluctuations in icing conditions and the repeated need to clear and remove debris caused multiple outages for some customers.'This has been a real challenge for the utility crews because icy tree branches continue to fall and knock out power lines, making it difficult for the lines crews to keep the power on,' said Gov. Shumlin. 'It has also been a struggle for many Vermonters in these hard-hit areas, particularly in Franklin County and other northern Vermont communities, who are spending this holiday week without heat and electricity, often staying with friends and family.'The Governor said the state would continue to push until power has been restored to every customer.' Although the number of outages dipped to under 500 earlier today, snowfall-laden trees knocked out power to additional households, with an estimated 1,040 homes without electricity as of late afternoon.Crews continued to work throughout the region.Flynn asked FEMA to send personnel beginning' Jan. 2' to work with state and local teams to determine damage estimates. Depending upon final costs, Vermont could be eligible for federal assistance for some municipal and cooperative utility restoration costs, local debris clearance and removal costs, and other disaster caused infrastructure damage.' Source: Governor's office 12.26.2013 read more
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Seventh Generation, Mamava launch crowdsourcing campaign to help moms on-the-go
Seventh Generation,Vermont Business Magazine In celebration of National Breastfeeding Month, Seventh Generation(link is external), a leading household and baby care company, is turning to moms across the country to determine the location of two new Mamava pumping and nursing pods. The national crowdsourcing campaign aims to give moms more choices for breastfeeding on-the-go. Seventh Generation has opened a call to moms nationwide to submit the location they'd like to have access to a lactation pod. Created by Mamava, a company dedicated to transforming the culture of breastfeeding, the self-contained, mobile pods offer comfortable benches, an electrical outlet and door that can be fully shut for privacy.After two weeks of collecting submissions, Seventh Generation will narrow down the results to four locations to take part in a final round of voting, which will begin on August 25th. The two locations with the most votes will receive a Seventh Generation sponsored pod that is a comfortable place for moms to pump or nurse."As we continue our partnership with Mamava, we're eager to include more moms in the process of expanding breastfeeding options across the country," said John Moorhead, Brand Manager at Seventh Generation. "Seventh Generation is excited to help moms everywhere live a life free and clear of uncomfortable nursing or pumping locations and who better to tell us where there is a need than moms themselves."In May, Seventh Generation announced the installment of four pumping and nursing pods for mothers, manufactured by Mamava, in key New York Metropolitan airports — one pod in JetBlue's Terminal 5 at JFK Airport, two pods at Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) and one at LaGuardia (LGA). This was the beginning of a progressive partnership with Mamava, which delivered great choices for moms to pump with dignity while traveling. In June, the company added two branded pods at Burlington International Airport (BTV)."At Mamava we believe moms shouldn't have to use their breast pumps in the bathroom, or struggle to find a comfortable place to nurse," states Sascha Mayer, founder of Mamava. "Working with Seventh Generation has allowed us to bring our lactation suites to moms across the country looking for a better solution. The crowdsourcing campaign is just one way to help bring Mamava to every state."For more information on the Seventh Generation and Mamava crowdsourcing campaign and to submit your location, visit: http://map.mamava.com(link is external).About Seventh Generation Established in 1988, in Burlington, Vermont, Seventh Generation is one of the nation's leading brands of household and personal care products. The company lives its commitment to "caring today for seven generations of tomorrows," with products formulated to provide mindful solutions for the air, surfaces, fabrics, pets and people within your home — and for the community and environment outside of it. A pioneer in corporate responsibility, Seventh Generation continually evaluates ways to reduce its environmental impact, increase performance and safety, and create a more sustainable supply chain. To learn more about Seventh Generation products and business practices, locate a retailer in your area, or review Seventh Generation's Corporate Consciousness Report, visit www.seventhgeneration.com(link is external).About MamavaMamava, based in Burlington, Vermont was incubated at Solidarity of Unbridled Labour (formerly JDK Design), a world-renowned design studio. Mamava creates design solutions for nursing mothers on the go. We believe that a woman should be able to breastfeed her baby anywhere she wants to, and we also know there is a need, especially in high-traffic public areas, for a private and comfortable place to use a breast pump or nurse. Mamava is mama owned, made in America, and a proud member of the B Corp community. read more
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National Life's 'Do Good Fest' raises $30,000 for Branches of Hope cancer patient fund
National Life Group,Vermont Business Magazine National Life Group(link is external)'s Do Good Fest(link is external) raised $30,000 for Central Vermont Medical Center(link is external)'s Branches of Hope(link is external) cancer patient fund over the weekend. The money represents nearly $24,000 in parking receipts, merchandise sales and donations on the day of the music festival, as well as a $6,000 contribution from the National Life Group Foundation(link is external)."What a fantastic, record-breaking event we had here," said Mehran Assadi, president and CEO of National Life. "But even more important, we are so grateful to the people of our community who came and supported cancer patients. This is part of our cause at National Life. And we like to have fun while we do good."Branches of Hope is a fund that helps cancer patients pay extraordinary expenses while they're undergoing treatment and may be out of work. Among the things it has helped pay in the past are heating bills, transportation expenses, lodging near out-of-town treatment centers, or even dental care before treatment can begin.The fund once supported itself through bake sales. With this weekend's Do Good Fest, which drew 5,200 enthusiastic fans, National Life has raised $56,000 for Branches of Hope over the past three years.Assadi presented an oversize check for $30,000 to Judy Tartaglia, President and CEO of Central Vermont Medical Center. "On behalf of our cancer patients, thank you so much," Tartaglia said. "These funds will go a long way to ease the stress and burden that our cancer patients and their families face every day."She also thanked The Point(link is external), Vermont's independent radio network based in Montpelier, which was the presenting sponsor of the Do Good Fest. Program Director Zeb Norris, who lined up Big Head Todd and the Monsters and Brett Dennen to headline the show, said The Point shared the mission of serving the community."When I can get my friends in great bands to help a great cause it makes for an all-around great party," he said.The Do Good Fest was co-sponsored by Seven Days(link is external), Montpelier Alive(link is external), Harpoon Brewery(link is external) and the National Life Group Foundation. National Life also partnered with King Arthur Flour(link is external), Three Penny Taproom(link is external) and Local Motion(link is external). King Arthur's Baking for Good truck was among the food trucks at the festival and the employee-owned company made a $1,000 donation to Branches of Hope.Planning is already under way for Do Good Fest 2017(link is external), which is tentatively set for July 15. Updates will be posted online.About National Life GroupAt National Life, our story is simple: For more than 167 years we've worked hard to deliver on our promises to millions of people with our vision of providing peace of mind in times of need. It's our cause, stemming from a deep passion to live our values to do good, be good and make good, every day. Learn more at NationalLife.com(link is external). read more
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Roper: Potential tax increases coming after the election
by Rob Roper Before Peter Shumlin became governor, he famously said that there was no more tax capacity left in Vermont. We were 'tapped out." Since then, Shumlin and majorities in the legislature have passed hundreds of millions of dollars worth of new taxes and fees. Despite this, the state still deals with a consistent structural budget deficit and revenue shortfalls.Many of our politicians, like Shumlin, pay lip service to hearing Vermonter's pain when it comes to our tax burdens and overspending by the state, but their records tell a different story. And, these particular zebras aren't going to change their stripes. Just look at the tax and spending proposals that are on the table for tapped out Vermonters to contemplate for 2017.The Carbon Tax. This is ultimately a $500 million dollar per year excise tax on fossil fuels. This translates into adding 88¢ to each gallon of gasoline, $1.02 per gallon of diesel and home heating oil, and similar increases for propane, natural gas, kerosene, butane and aviation fuel. Proponents say that 90% of the revenue collected would be returned via a variety redistribution schemes (keep in mind that households making over 200% of poverty level, or about $25,000, will not qualify for rebates and will get stuck with the bill), but hedge that promise by admitting the state is always free to find other uses for the money.In 2014, Rep. Tony Klein (D-East Montpelier), chair of the House Energy & Natural Resources gave an interview stating about the Carbon Tax that "it's at least a three-year process," and that "you don't [pass a massive tax increase] in an election year." This means 2017 – after this November's election – is the target for passage. The primary Carbon Tax bill presented in the 2015-16 biennium has 28 sponsors, all Democrats and Progressives, including Democratic Lt. Gubernatorial candidate Kesha Ram. All three Democratic candidates for governor, Matt Dunne, Peter Galbraith, and Sue Minter, support some version of a Carbon Tax. Dr. Dynasaur 2.0. This program would essentially expand children's Medicaid benefits to adults 18-26 years old. It has a total price tag of $400 million, and ignores the fact that Medicaid is already the primary reason for the state's structural budget deficit. Additionally, removing these young, healthy Vermonters from the private insurance market would cause private insurance rates to skyrocket. Despite all this, a majority in the legislature voted last year to spend $100,000 to study Dr. Dynasaur 2.0 in preparation for the 2017 legislative session.2% Payroll Tax. This is a proposed $240 million tax increase by Peter Galbraith that would be used to pay for "Universal Primary Care." In a nutshell, the state would pay doctors a set rate per patient for full access to primary care services. Patients would still need insurance for non-basic or catastrophic health events, which account for 95% of healthcare spending.All three Democratic gubernatorial candidates support moving forward with some version of Dr. Dynasaur 2.0, Universal Primary Care, or both, as a step toward a comprehensive single payer healthcare system – doubling down on Peter Shumlin's greatest financial and political disaster."Free" College. All three Democrats running for governor have plans to subsidize college tuition that would cost taxpayers between $45 million and $12 million, depending upon the plan. Matt Dunne's plan would rely on an increase in the capital gains tax, Sue Minter would increase the bank franchising fee and create new corporate taxes targeting banks, and Galbraith's plan would rely on a number of tax increases, including a tax on cloud computing services and closing income tax loopholes. Pick your poison.Public Pre-K. Since the mid-2000s, the legislature has been steadily increasing government's (and property taxpayers') role in daycare for three and four year olds. The goal is full day, publicly funded pre-k programs administered by the public school system, essentially adding two years to the K-12 system. This year, a major push is underway to expand the current programs and expand the scope of interest from three and four year olds to "birth to five."A coalition of special interest groups, Let's Grow Kids, Vermont Birth to Five, Building Bright Futures, are working with the Vermont Department of Children and Families on a statewide propaganda campaign to fund this expansion. "Ultimately, this will require increased investment in Vermont's early childhood system," writes advocate Robyn Freedner-Maguire in the group's latest Op-Ed. Though they don't specify the amounts they will ultimately be asking for, and the Joint Fiscal Office has yet to make an official estimate the cost, a rough estimate is between a $50 million and $100 million increase to the property tax burden.These are just the big plans. None of this accounts for the existing revenue gap we'll need to close to continue paying for the government in place as it is. So, as the primary elections come to a close on August 9 and we know who our official candidates for state office will be, make a point of asking them about these issues. If they really care about lowering your tax burden, they won't support any of them. Rob Roper is president of the Ethan Allen Institute. He lives in Stowe. read more
pzqvxjcn上海品茶联系 上海夜网QS 可夜 可外 自带工作室 夜上海论坛NX 夜上海论坛TZ 微信怎么找出来卖的学生 杭州品茶上课群 爱上海JN 爱上海ND 爱上海自荐区 逍遥游江苏信息区 都市体验网Leave a comment
Supreme Court rules against Shumlin on high court appointment
Vermont Business Magazine In a unanimous decision, including Associate Justice John A Dooley, the Vermont Supreme Court ruled today that Governor Shumlin did not have the authority to appoint a replacement for Dooley. Dooley had announced his retirement last fall, but will not step down until this spring. The governor argued that the constitution nonetheless allowed him to appoint the next justice when a seat became imminent. The justices ruled otherwise.In conclusion, Paul L Reiber, Chief Justice; Dooley; Marilyn S Skoglund, Associate Justice; Harold E Eaton, Jr, Associate Justice; and Walter M Morris, Jr, Superior Judge (Ret), Specially Assigned, wrote in their opinion:"We conclude that the Vermont Constitution does not authorize respondent (Governor Shumlin) to appoint an Associate Justice of this Court in anticipation of a vacancy that is not expected to occur until the expiration of the justice's term of office, which will occur months after respondent leaves office. In so holding, we emphasize that our decision today rests entirely upon the meaning and purpose of the Vermont Constitution. We reach our decision having in mind the overarching principles of our democracy: the integrity of our governing institutions and the people's confidence in them. The particular identity of the parties or potential nominees to the Office of Associate Justice have no bearing on our decision. Our sole responsibility in this, as in any, case is to apply the law evenhandedly, regardless of the identity of the litigants, the sensitivity of the issues, or the passing political interests of the moment. As we have elsewhere observed, '[o]ur constitutional responsibility to consider the legal merits of issues properly before us provides no exception for the controversial case'. Baker v. State, 170 Vt. 194, 197, 744 A.2d 864, 867 (1999)." Baker v. State was the same-sex marriage case, which ultimately led to Vermont's civil union and marriage equality laws.The justices concluded: "Respondent is not constitutionally authorized to appoint a successor to the office held by Associate Justice John Dooley. Mandate to issue forthwith."In response, Governor Shumlin said in a statement: "I want to thank the Attorney General's Office as well as Senator Richard Sears for weighing in as the Chairman of the Judiciary Committee. I do not agree with today's ruling, and it is inconsistent with my Administration's reading of the law. I wish the next governor well in selecting the new Justice."House Republican Leader Don Turner (R-Milton), who brought the issue to the Vermont Supreme Court, said in a statement:"I would like to express sincere gratitude to the Vermont Supreme Court for hearing our case in short notice, and for ruling in validation of our petition that rightly challenged Governor Shumlin's constitutional authority to appoint Justice John Dooley's successor. I would also like to thank Senate Minority Leader Joe Benning (Caledonia) for joining as co-petitioner, and Representative Janssen Willhoit (St Johnsbury) and Deb Bucknam for ably representing us in court.""I took this legal recourse to defend transparency and accountability in the workings of our state government. Vermonters deserve to know if an outgoing governor possesses the legal authority to make judicial and administrative appointments in the event that the vacancy is set to occur past his time in office. The Court's unanimous decision today puts this important matter to rest once and for all."I am pleased that the Court prevented Governor Shumlin from setting a troubling precedent of executive overreach, and from taking an unconstitutional step that would have opened the door to foreseeable litigation. Today's decision upholds the integrity of our governing institutions and the confidence that Vermonters place in them."Source: Vermont Supreme Court. Governor Shumlin. Representative Turner. 1.4.2017. CLICK HERE FOR FULL RULING (link is external) read more
xqjkaejt2020年上海按摩店 上海20几万一晚的酒店 上海各区gm资源汇总 上海后花园爱上海 上海后花园论坛贵族宝贝 上海龙凤论坛浴室 爱上海GK 爱上海IG 爱上海PJ 爱上海PZ 爱上海RY 现在大学生多少一次Leave a comment
Hainley: New retirement savings program suits Vermont's small business economy
by Stephanie Hainley Over 50 million working Americans are headed toward poverty in retirement. The lack of retirement savings is staggering, but fortunately, there is one simple way to help change that: give more people access to workplace savings plans. Some states, including Vermont under the guiding hand of Treasurer Beth Pearce, the Governor's support, and bi-partisan efforts, have taken it upon themselves to help more working families save by creating a state-based public retirement option, which makes it incredibly simple for Vermont's small employers to offer their employees access to a vetted product. Vermont's small business economy depends on innovative solutions like this, and I am pleased to see Green Mountain Secure Retirement on the horizon.As COO of a small business, I know firsthand how costly it can be to set up access to retirement savings product for a small number of employees. While we did it at White + Burke, it is complex and labor-intensive. For many Vermont's small employers, who often operate on modest bottom lines, providing a retirement plan to employees is just not feasible. Passed through the legislature as part of the economic development bill (S.135), the new Green Mountain Secure Retirement program, sets up a public opt-in multiple employer plan (MEP). Only small businesses that wish to enter into the plan will do so. This program would also be the first plan of its kind in the nation to allow for an employer to make contributions, in addition to employees. RELATED STORIES:Small business retirement plan passesPAI: State can help Vermonters save for retirementState-based plans, like Green Mountain Secure Retirement, offer small businesses a solution that gives them greater opportunity to recruit and train good employees and better compete with larger companies that are able to offer comprehensive benefits packages. Green Mountain Secure Retirement also gives Vermont's small business owners a more secure way to save for themselves.Many small business owners see their business as an investment – one they can count on when they are ready to retire. They typically have two options: sell the business or hire committed managers to run it. All too often, the sale price of the business is not even close to their total investment and with others running the business, sometimes profit is only enough to cover basic expenses. Small business owners are often stuck working well beyond retirement age – or they retire into poverty.The Green Mountain Secure Retirement plan could help the 45 percent of Vermonters, including small business owners, who do not have access to an employer-sponsored plan, save for retirement. Helping more Vermonters achieve better financial footing later in life will make our state economy healthier.Anyone who works hard and plays by the rules should not have to choose between retiring into poverty or working until they die. I'm disappointed to see lawmakers at the federal level continue to make it more complicated for people to save, but I am encouraged and proud to live in a state that is working toward greater economic security for all.Stephanie Hainley is a Board Member for Main Street Alliance of Vermont and the Chief Operating Officer at White + Burke Real Estate Investment Advisors. read more
jugibzlc2020上海油压ty店 wang1314 上海同城 和蕴养生有特别服务 夜上海论坛KW 最新上海419龙凤 杭州你懂攻略 松江大学城小红灯2020 武汉t台海选 爱上海QH 爱上海WE 秋水伊人论坛Leave a comment
Bennington added to preliminary damage assessment
Vermont Business Magazine Bennington County has been added to the FEMA Preliminary Damage Assessment (PDA) request after Vermont Officials identified additional damage this week. The PDA will be conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) beginning on Wednesday afternoon. Rain storms and resulting floods washed out roads and damaged other public infrastructure in several Vermont towns from June 29 – July 1. The state has identified more than $6-million in public infrastructure damage, far exceeding the $1-million threshold Vermont must show to be considered for a major disaster declaration. Bennington joins Addison, Caledonia, Orange, Rutland, and Windsor counties in exceeding the county minimum of $3.61 per capita to qualify communities in those counties for aid.FEMA staff will tour the six counties beginning on Wednesday with representatives of VEM, the Vermont Agency of Transportation, Regional Planning Commissions, and individual towns to verify damage estimates. Groups will likely be in the field in the early afternoon. Note that not all towns with damage need to be visited to qualify for assistance. FEMA needs to verify enough damage statewide and countywide for a possible Public Assistance disaster declaration, and towns will apply for assistance later.If indicator thresholds are verified, Gov. Phil Scott would forward a formal request for a declaration to President Donald Trump. Once submitted, FEMA will review the request and make a recommendation to the President on whether or not a declaration should be signed.Under a PA disaster declaration, communities would be eligible for 75% reimbursement for response and recovery costs. Those costs include repairs to local roads, public buildings, other municipal assets, and certain costs related to response.Source: Vermont Department of Public Safety 7.11.2017 read more
uijacdiz上海夜网SE 上海夜网TF 上海夜网YW 上海夜网ZR 上海干磨店一览表 公寓里的400全套靠谱吗 夜上海论坛LV 夜上海论坛OE 夜上海论坛SK 天津金竹健身小海棠 爱上海NS 苏州新茶贴吧Leave a comment
crsyvvkq
cwalahgz
daftzvjo
eykllumy
gbemanuu
gognxsvu
jlxidtsb
jnxomzaf
jugibzlc
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kjdftcoo
lroabsjf
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onjvvjej
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package org.olat.portfolio.model.notification;

import java.util.Date;

import org.olat.basesecurity.IdentityShort;
import org.olat.core.commons.persistence.PersistentObject;

/**
 * Map the notification for structure element
 *
 * @author srosse, stephane.rosse@frentix.com, http://www.frentix.com
 */
public class EPStructureElementNotification extends PersistentObject implements EPNotification {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -1065069940086963966L;

	private Date lastModified;
	private String type;
	private String title;

	private Long rootKey;
	private Long rootMapKey;

	private Long pageKey;

	@Override
	public Date getLastModified() {
		return lastModified;
	}

	@Override
	public void setLastModified(Date date) {
		this.lastModified = date;
	}

	public Long getRootKey() {
		return rootKey;
	}

	public void setRootKey(Long rootKey) {
		this.rootKey = rootKey;
	}

	public Long getRootMapKey() {
		return rootMapKey;
	}

	public void setRootMapKey(Long rootMapKey) {
		this.rootMapKey = rootMapKey;
	}

	public Long getPageKey() {
		return pageKey;
	}

	public void setPageKey(Long pageKey) {
		this.pageKey = pageKey;
	}

	@Override
	public String getType() {
		return type;
	}

	public void setType(String type) {
		this.type = type;
	}

	@Override
	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	@Override
	public IdentityShort getAuthor() {
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "StructureELNotification[" + super.toString() + ";pageKey=" + pageKey + "]";
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		return getKey().hashCode();
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if(this == obj) {
			return true;
		}
		if(obj instanceof EPStructureElementNotification) {
			EPStructureElementNotification notification = (EPStructureElementNotification)obj;
			return getKey().equals(notification.getKey());
		}
		return false;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Since 2007, the FitBit mission has been to empower and inspire customers to live a healthier, more active life. They design products and experiences to help people achieve their health and fitness goals, whatever they may be.


text:
'use strict';

require('./boolean-primitive-feature');
require('./float-primitive-feature');
require('./instances-detail');
require('./int-primitive-feature');
require('./reference-features-detail');
require('./string-primitive-feature');
require('./system-types-list');
require('./type-info');


text:
Hi-Res bestsellers
Blues >
Taj Mahal >
Taj Mahal|GET ON BOARD
Taj Mahal & Ry Cooder
Released on 22/04/2022 by Nonesuch
Main artists: Taj Mahal Ry Cooder
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Buy the album Starting at £11.29
Taj Mahal and Ry Cooder have both made careers out of covering classic tunes from the canons of early blues, gospel, jazz, country, and soul music. As septuagenarians they can fall into these modes by instinct alone. Here these two living encyclopedias of American music (and former bandmates in the Rising Sons, a short-lived Los Angeles blues rock band circa 1965) have recorded a loose and fun jam session, revisiting classics from the catalogs of Reverend Gary Davis and the epic blues partnership of Brownie McGhee & Sonny Terry. Rather than straight covers though, Cooder and Mahal—in the studio together for the first time since 1968—put their decades of experience to work, with both singing on most tunes and adding spontaneous drums and percussion from Cooder's son, Joachim, throughout. Although this is a mostly acoustic guitar and voice affair, Ry Cooder adds electric guitar parts to several tunes including the opener "My Baby Done Changed the Lock on the Door" and an oddly reverberant and round-toned, "Packing Up Getting Ready To Go." Recorded by Martin Pradler at Temple of Leaves in Altadena, CA. and Wireland in Chatsworth, CA, the only flaw in this project is that is was recorded as Mahal says, "old school" in less-than-ideal conditions "in the front parlor of a fine n' vintage welcoming old home!" This results in a recording quality which is often distant and unbalanced. The McGhee/Terry classic, "Pick a Bale of Cotton" ("jump down, turn around, pick a bale of cotton") gets a snappy, gently rocking' take while "Drinkin' Wine Spo-Dee-O-Dee" (written by McGhee's brother, Stick) with Cooder on slide guitar and Mahal singing and playing harmonica gets appropriately funky and low down. Mahal does his best barrelhouse piano imitation on "Deep Sea Diver." This set's best-known tune, "The Midnight Special" gets a group singalong led by Mahal's harmonica. The closer, Mississippi John Hurt's "I Shall Not Be Moved" is a just-right finale to an easygoing set where ambition is sidelined in favor of heartfelt results. It's all what Mahal calls "Big! Big! Big fun … loose 'n' tight, crazy 'bout the/that rhythm, 'cause it's ragged but right!" An album cover design reminiscent of original bare bones blues albums of the late '50s/early '60s completes this salute to disappearing but still vital American roots music. © Robert Baird/Qobuz
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My Baby Done Changed the Lock on the Door
Ry Cooder, Producer, Arranger, Guitar, Vocals, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Vocals, Harmonica, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Drums, Bass - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - William Weldon, Writer - Henry St. Claire Fredericks, Arranger
© 2022 Perro Verde Records LLC, under exclusive license to Nonesuch Records Inc. ℗ 2022 Perro Verde Records LLC, under exclusive license to Nonesuch Records
Ry Cooder, Producer, Guitar, Vocals, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Vocals, Harmonica, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Drums, Bass - Sonny Terry, Writer - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - Brownie McGhee, Writer
Hooray Hooray
Leroy Kirkland, Writer - Ry Cooder, Producer, Guitar, Vocals, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Vocals, Harmonica, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Drums, Bass - Sonny Terry, Writer - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer
Deep Sea Diver
Ry Cooder, Producer, Guitar, Vocals, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Piano, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Drums, Bass - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - Brownie McGhee, Writer
Pick a Bale of Cotton
Drinkin' Wine Spo-Dee-O-Dee
Granville McGhee, Writer - Ry Cooder, Producer, Guitar, Mandolin, Vocals, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Vocals, Harmonica, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Drums, Bass - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - J. Mayo Williams, Writer
What a Beautiful City
Ry Cooder, Producer, Arranger, Guitar, Vocals, MainArtist - Traditional, Writer - Taj Mahal, Vocals, Harmonica, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Drums, Bass - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - Henry St. Claire Fredericks, Arranger
Pawn Shop Blues
Ry Cooder, Producer, Guitar, Vocals, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Guitar, Harmonica, MainArtist - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - Taj Mahall, Vocals - Blind Boy Fuller, Writer
Cornbread, Peas, Black Molasses
Packing Up Getting Ready to Go
Corey Williams, Background Vocals - Ry Cooder, Lyricist, Producer, Arranger, Banjo, Guitar, Vocals, Music, MainArtist - Taj Mahal, Harmonica, MainArtist - JOACHIM COODER, Lyricist, Drums, Music, Bass - Tradional, Writer - Martin Pradler, Mixer, Editor, Engineer, Masterer - Antonio Bowers, Background Vocals - Laphelle Taylor, VocalEngineer - Henry St. Claire Fredericks, Lyricist, Music - James Tillman Jr., Background Vocals
I Shall Not Be Moved
Label: Nonesuch
Genre: Blues/Country/Folk Blues
© 2022 Perro Verde Records LLC, under exclusive license to Nonesuch Records Inc. ℗ 2022 Perro Verde Records LLC, under exclusive license to Nonesuch Records Inc.
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By Taj Mahal
Savoy Taj Mahal
TajMo
TajMo Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal Taj Mahal
The Essential Taj Mahal
The Essential Taj Mahal Taj Mahal
Baby, It's Cold Outside Taj Mahal
The Roots of... The Grateful Dead
Trouble Is... 25
Trouble Is... 25 Kenny Wayne Shepherd
The Lady In The Balcony: Lockdown Sessions
The Lady In The Balcony: Lockdown Sessions Eric Clapton
Good To Be...
Keb' Mo'
Good To Be... Keb' Mo'
Couldn't Stand The Weather
Couldn't Stand The Weather Stevie Ray Vaughan
At Last!
At Last! Etta James
In your panoramas...
J.J. Cale: Big Brother o' Blues
More than eight years after his death, there is still no getting away from the vital wellspring of music that is the works of J.J. Cale. With his unique alloy of blues, folk, country and jazz, the man worshipped by Clapton, who lived for a while in a trailer, is still one of rock's most influential hermits.
The British Blues Boom, Chronicle of a Revolution
If Joe Bonamassa has come back with British Blues Explosion, a year after the Rolling Stones' Blue And Lonesome, it has cemented the fact that the British Blues Boom was more than just a trend. More than a simple musical trend, it was the interest of a younger generation for the great American blues idols that had been ignored in their country, which led to a real revolution, with three major agitators leading the charge, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck and Jimmy Page, considered in the UK as the "Holy Trinity" of rock and guitar. If they were far from being the only musicians involved, it is through their respective careers that we have discovered that blues, far from being an outdated musical genre, is some kind of getaway to other musical areas and has allowed for endless innovations.
The Great History of Malian Music
Mandingo traditions or urban intersections, ancestral chants from the griots or dance bands on the day following the Independence, the family tree of Malian music possesses deep roots, leafy branches and a strong sap. Let's take a look back at the fascinating history.
Sarah McCoy Calms the Rage
Trina Basu and Arun Ramamurthy, a violin duo written in the stars
Robert Randolph: "I always go back to how something sounds"
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Sodalite is primarily a blue and white gemstone that can have variations of the hues and density of each color. You will receive one gemstone, approximately 1"-1 1/2".
Amazing, I got a free gift and while I'm not sure what gem it is, its gorgeous!


A Boston Globe editorial asks: If gun laws are off the table, what is plan B?
An answer may lie in more monitoring of ammunition and military equipment purchases, more aggressive mental health intervention, or more sophisticated policing methods.
(The Aurora shooting suspect) was apparently able to acquire a weapon, ammunition, a smoke device, a bulletproof vest, and a gas mask. Law enforcement needs a way to detect these clues, recognize that they add up to a warning sign, and act on them early.
READ THE FULL POST: If gun laws are off the table, what is plan B?


text:
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT License.
// Code generated by Microsoft (R) AutoRest Code Generator.

package com.azure.resourcemanager.sql.fluent;

import com.azure.core.annotation.ReturnType;
import com.azure.core.annotation.ServiceMethod;
import com.azure.core.http.rest.PagedFlux;
import com.azure.core.http.rest.PagedIterable;
import com.azure.core.http.rest.Response;
import com.azure.core.util.Context;
import com.azure.resourcemanager.sql.fluent.models.DatabaseOperationInner;
import java.util.UUID;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

/** An instance of this class provides access to all the operations defined in DatabaseOperationsClient. */
public interface DatabaseOperationsClient {
    /**
     * Cancels the asynchronous operation on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @param operationId The operation identifier.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     * @return the completion.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.SINGLE)
    Mono<Response<Void>> cancelWithResponseAsync(
        String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName, UUID operationId);

    /**
     * Cancels the asynchronous operation on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @param operationId The operation identifier.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     * @return the completion.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.SINGLE)
    Mono<Void> cancelAsync(String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName, UUID operationId);

    /**
     * Cancels the asynchronous operation on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @param operationId The operation identifier.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.SINGLE)
    void cancel(String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName, UUID operationId);

    /**
     * Cancels the asynchronous operation on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @param operationId The operation identifier.
     * @param context The context to associate with this operation.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     * @return the response.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.SINGLE)
    Response<Void> cancelWithResponse(
        String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName, UUID operationId, Context context);

    /**
     * Gets a list of operations performed on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     * @return a list of operations performed on the database.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.COLLECTION)
    PagedFlux<DatabaseOperationInner> listByDatabaseAsync(
        String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName);

    /**
     * Gets a list of operations performed on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     * @return a list of operations performed on the database.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.COLLECTION)
    PagedIterable<DatabaseOperationInner> listByDatabase(
        String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName);

    /**
     * Gets a list of operations performed on the database.
     *
     * @param resourceGroupName The name of the resource group that contains the resource. You can obtain this value
     *     from the Azure Resource Manager API or the portal.
     * @param serverName The name of the server.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database.
     * @param context The context to associate with this operation.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation.
     * @throws com.azure.core.management.exception.ManagementException thrown if the request is rejected by server.
     * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent.
     * @return a list of operations performed on the database.
     */
    @ServiceMethod(returns = ReturnType.COLLECTION)
    PagedIterable<DatabaseOperationInner> listByDatabase(
        String resourceGroupName, String serverName, String databaseName, Context context);
}


The vast majority of MBA graduates (83 percent) consider the degree to have been essential to their finding subsequent employment, according to the Graduate Management Admission Council. Nevertheless, an MBA may not be useful to individuals planning to work outside a business-related field, such as in a not-for-profit organization or in higher education.
The MAOL is a fast-growing graduate degree helping students unlock their leadership abilities in professional, business and applied fields. The curriculum is focused primarily on the human side of leadership, drawing upon such fields as sociology, psychology, philosophy and management to address how people function individually and in teams to improve organizational management and behavior.
This multidisciplinary approach offers exceptional preparation toward new approaches to leadership that are not generally provided by other graduate degree programs. Consequently, MAOL degree holders acquire the practical leadership skills necessary to effect organizational change and progressive management, both near-constant demands in today's fast-altering global business and technological environments.
Other acquired skills include conflict management, team building, leadership coaching and participative management, in addition to the critical-thinking and decision-making skills needed by all leaders.
An MAOL degree is a good fit for someone seeking an executive position as a business analyst, corporate recruiter, training manager or HR generalist. The degree is also ideal for students seeking positions in higher education, training and development, non-for-profit management or leadership coaching. Some educational institutions, such as Lewis University, help students to customize their MAOL education to meet their particular career aspirations.


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The Japanese language has some pretty distinct differences from English: it uses three writing systems, has a completely different grammar and syntax, and relies much more on context. Non-verbal communication can also prove challenging for visitors to Japan – here are the top signals to look out for.
In English speaking cultures, the non-verbal gesture for 'come here' is typically a palm-up hand motion where the fingers or entire hand are used to beckon or wave someone over from a distance. In Japan, this is a similar motion but with the palm facing downward. You may be summoned in this manner if someone is trying to assist you, such as a station attendant when taking the train.
Although Japanese people are largely friendly towards foreign visitors, some people experience anxiety about speaking English and may wave off travelers with an apologetic 'no' gesture. This looks a bit like the Western body language used for a bad odor, with the hand waved back and forth in front of the face, but with less wrist action and positioned a bit closer to the chin rather than in front of the nose.
In rare cases, you may be denied service in a manner that's somewhat stronger than the standard 'no' gesture. A very strong no is communicated non-verbally by crossing one's forearms in the shape of an 'X'. This may be accompanied with a verbal "No" or "No English".
When taking the train or walking through a congested area, you may encounter the non-verbal signal for 'excuse me' if someone is trying to get by you. This involves holding one arm in front of your body with the elbow bent at a 90-degree angle. Many people also duck their shoulders a bit as they pass by to be as non-imposing as possible. This non-verbal gesture may be accompanied by a verbal "Sumimasen", meaning "Excuse me".
In English, the non-verbal signal for 'OK' can be a thumbs-up or an 'OK' made with the thumb and index finger, with the three remaining fingers splayed open. However, in Japan, the non-verbal signal for 'OK' is a much larger gesture, made by holding your arms above your head in the shape of an 'O' similar to a ballet pose. This is typically used to signal from a distance or in a large group of people, rather than face-to-face. You may recognize this same gesture as the smartphone emoji for 'OK', which features a person holding their hands over their head.
When requesting the check at a restaurant in English, some people like to make a scribbling gesture with their hand to indicate signing a credit card receipt. This non-verb signal should also translate in Japan, but there is another special Japanese gesture to use when enjoying dinner and drinks at a casual establishment such as an izakaya (a type of Japanese gastro pub) or a yakitori (grilled chicken skewer) bar.
The gesture is made by crossing the index fingers to form an 'X' and essentially means 'Please close the tab and bring us the check'. It's an especially useful non-verbal gesture to use in a crowded yakitori bar or izakaya because it may be difficult for the shop staff to hear you over the other diners, or a bit too busy for the server to make it to your table immediately.
It's important to note that this gesture would be out of place in a café or other lunch spot, and it is much too casual to use in a formal sit-down restaurant. However, if the drinks are flowing and the ambience of the bar or restaurant is a bit noisy, then you're probably in a place where you can try out the 'check, please' gesture.
In Japan, a bow can be used for everything from a greeting to a thank you to an apology, with depth of the bow indicating the level of formality. However, as a foreign visitor it's unlikely that you will encounter a situation in which you will be required to bow back. You'll find that most of the bows you encounter will be in service or hospitality situations, coming from store clerks or hotel staff. In such cases, rather than returning the bow, you should simply nod your head in acknowledgement and can feel free to add an "Arigatou gozaimasu" ("Thank you") if you'd like.


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1. Can be applied to indoor or outdoor lighting, such as health living room, corridor, kitchen, bedroom, basement, balcony etc.


A milestone for the National FFA Organization is approaching — 2019 marks 50 years of female membership for FFA. At the 91st National FFA Convention & Expo, a group of female leaders in the agricultural industry spoke to FFA members about their own career paths in the form of small round table discussions.
Women bring diversity of thought and perspective to the agricultural industry, reiterated Ashley Collins, director of collegiate relations for Agriculture Future of America (AFA).
Allison Flinn, associate director of public policy and government relations (U.S. & Canada) for Merck Animal Health, said she has seen an increase of women in leadership in the fields of animal and veterinary sciences.
"I believe the industry itself, as far as veterinarians out in practice, just hit that 50/50 mark, so I think it's becoming more and more prevalent," said Flinn, a veterinarian herself.
Jeanna Eppley, advisor for the Seymour FFA Chapter in Seymour, Indiana, said when she started teaching agricultural education, her community's agricultural leadership was male-dominated. But, she has seen some changes.
"A lot of leadership positions in our ag industries are more male-dominant, but I'm seeing a huge growth in those females taking those leadership roles in industry and in our community, even beyond agriculture," Eppley said.
For Eppley, the advice she gave for young women seeking leadership positions is "sticking to your guns, saying, 'I'm going to go do it. Nobody's going to tell me that I can't.'" She said this is based on any situation, like gender, learning ability or socioeconomic status.
Eppley shared an adage from her own life. At the school where she currently teaches, the agricultural education program has a 140-acre farm. Eppley said she grew up on a farm and assisted with the farm work, but was never taught to drive a combine.
Eppley said she and her colleague learned how to operate the farm equipment and, this year, harvested the school farm's crops. Now, they will teach students how to run that equipment, too.
"As a leader, I realized that I still needed to learn," Eppley said.
Leaders are also defined by what they do, Flinn said. And for young women seeking leadership roles, they should make that known to advisors or other leaders in FFA. True leaders are willing to help, she said.
Flinn said Merck reflects this notion with a 50/50 hiring record of women and men.
Collins said she does not want women's leadership to regress.
Dene Dryden is a junior at Kansas State University studying creative writing. An alumna of the Palco FFA Chapter in Kansas, she is serving as a reporter for the 91st National FFA Convention & Expo Newsroom Crew.


A minimum of 12 participants must be registered for course to run.
CEU - Specialist Weekend 4 Retake $100.00 $100 deposit due at the time of registration ($100 of the deposit is non-refundable – see Cancellation/Refund Policy). Total Course Cost: $499. The remaining the $399 will be charged on the first day of class. Students who cancel this contract by notifying the school within three (3) business days after registering are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid. Students who withdraw after three (3) business days of registering, but before the start of classes, are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid except their registration fee and a maximum cancellation charge of $150 or 10% of the contract price or which ever is less. In the case of students withdrawing after the start of classes, the school will retain the registration fee, the cancellation charge plus a percentage of tuition and fees based on the Refund Table which can be found in the course catalog.
CEU - Specialist Weekend 6 Retake $100.00 $100 deposit due at the time of registration ($100 of the deposit is non-refundable – see Cancellation/Refund Policy). Total Course Cost: $499. The remaining the $399 will be charged on the first day of class. Students who cancel this contract by notifying the school within three (3) business days after registering are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid. Students who withdraw after three (3) business days of registering, but before the start of classes, are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid except their registration fee and a maximum cancellation charge of $150 or 10% of the contract price or which ever is less. In the case of students withdrawing after the start of classes, the school will retain the registration fee, the cancellation charge plus a percentage of tuition and fees based on the Refund Table which can be found in the course catalog.
CEU - Specialist Weekend 7 Retake $100.00 $100 deposit due at the time of registration ($100 of the deposit is non-refundable – see Cancellation/Refund Policy). Total Course Cost: $499. The remaining the $399 will be charged on the first day of class. Students who cancel this contract by notifying the school within three (3) business days after registering are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid. Students who withdraw after three (3) business days of registering, but before the start of classes, are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid except their registration fee and a maximum cancellation charge of $150 or 10% of the contract price or which ever is less. In the case of students withdrawing after the start of classes, the school will retain the registration fee, the cancellation charge plus a percentage of tuition and fees based on the Refund Table which can be found in the course catalog.
CEU - Specialist Weekend 8 Retake $100.00 $100 deposit due at the time of registration ($100 of the deposit is non-refundable – see Cancellation/Refund Policy). Total Course Cost: $499. The remaining the $399 will be charged on the first day of class. Students who cancel this contract by notifying the school within three (3) business days after registering are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid. Students who withdraw after three (3) business days of registering, but before the start of classes, are entitled to a full refund of all tuition and fees paid except their registration fee and a maximum cancellation charge of $150 or 10% of the contract price or which ever is less. In the case of students withdrawing after the start of classes, the school will retain the registration fee, the cancellation charge plus a percentage of tuition and fees based on the Refund Table which can be found in the course catalog.


text:
About PiAf
Meet the Current Fellows
Reports Database
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About Fellowship Organizations
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Becoming a Fellowship Organization
Alumni Mini-Grants Program
Commitment for a Lifetime
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Review our FAQs for additional information on the fellowship experience and more.
The PiAf Sponsored Alumni Mini-Grants Program provides up to $250 to alumni of the Princeton in Africa Program (PiAf). Alumni can apply for mini-grants for relief or support for professional, academic, personal, etc. needs. Needs can include learning and development opportunities (entrepreneurial expenses, professional courses, graduate school applications or exams), alumni projects (software or hardware for technical or creative needs, spiritual or empowerment retreats), and activities that improve Alumni's capacity and development interests (training or certifications, attending conferences, workshops). PiAf reserves the right to verify all of the information included in the application.
Maximum Grant Award: $250
Application Timeline & Instructions
Deadline: Rolling (4 Grants awarded per fiscal year April 1st-March 31)
Full application to be completed through the Connect portal
Within three months of receiving the mini-grant, alumni are expected to submit a report to PiAf detailing the use and impact of the grant as well as information about future plans.
PiAf alumni who have successfully fulfilled all program requirements and are in good standing with PiAf.
Each eligible application will be read by the Fundraising Committee Chair (or other Fundraising Committee Members in their place), Executive Director, Program Manager, and an independent member of the Alumni Board. The selection team will review for clarity of need, the purpose of the beneficiary's needs, and sustainable impact on the Alumni or beneficiaries.
Disbursement of Funds and Tax Responsibility
PiAf will work with Alumni on an individual basis on the preferred way to receive the funds (bank transfer, Zelle, PayPal, or wire transfer). PiAf does not provide tax advice and all recipients are responsible for bank fees and all taxes associated with receiving the grant.
Application Opens in March of 2023
In 1999, a group of Princeton alumni, faculty, and staff launched Princeton in Africa as an independent affiliate of Princeton University inspired by the University's informal motto, "Princeton in the Nation's Service and in the Service of All Nations." In 2010, the program opened up to include graduates of any US accredited university in order to meet the growing demand from host organizations and allow more young professionals access to the unique opportunities afforded by PiAf. During the past 20 years, we have placed over 600 Fellows with more than 100 organizations in 36 countries, while developing more strategic partnerships across Africa and creating more opportunities for our alumni community to engage with the continent and with one another.
The International Rescue Committee has been so fortunate to have had a longstanding relationship with Princeton in Africa since our very first Fellows landed in Rwanda in 1999. Whether it was Emily or Renee in 1999 or the 110 Fellows across 14 IRC countries over the years, we have been blessed by the relationship, the quality of the Fellows and the impact on what IRC does on the ground every single day.
My fellowship has been the most impactful personal and professional development opportunity of my life. I wanted a post-college experience that would push my limits, expand my comfort zone, and help me discern the next steps in my career journey. And this has been the case.
Ryan Elliott
2014-15 Fellow
Baylor Pediatric AIDS Initiative in Lesotho
I can honestly say that this year has changed my life and my view of what's possible for the future. Princeton in Africa isn't just a one-year fellowship, it's an introduction to a particular way of life and a new way of thinking about the world. I feel like so many doors are open now that I never would have considered before.
Katie Fackler
UN World Food Programme
My Princeton in Africa fellowship was everything I could have hoped for and much more. The myriad of experiences makes my head swim, and it has strengthened my desire to help underserved populations worldwide.
David Bartels
2006-2007 Fellow
Baylor Pediatric AIDS Initiative
Princeton in Africa was an invaluable experience for me. I learned an infinite amount through my work and through living in Uganda. I also realized that I want to continue working on African issues as long as I can.
Alexis Okeowo
The New Vision
The International Rescue Committee's experience with Princeton in Africa has been exceptional. Each Fellow brings excellent writing and analytical skills as well as unique interests and passions that enrich the program and the field office environment. We were so pleased we expanded the program to more field offices.
Susan Riehl
Human Resources, IRC
The Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation has been working in Africa for over 11 years through its Secure the Future program. One common theme in all aspects of program implementation is having passionate, energetic individuals on the ground who can think outside the box and then transfer the skills for sustainability. The Princeton In Africa Fellows have been a huge asset in this regard and our programs and patients have been better for it.
John Damonti
President, Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation
© 2023 Princeton in Africa. All Rights Reserved.
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text:
McWilliams Arroyo Acevedo (born December 5, 1985) is a Puerto Rican professional boxer who has held the WBC interim flyweight title since February 2021. He previously challenged for the IBF flyweight title in 2014, and the WBC and Ring magazine flyweight titles in 2016. As an amateur, Arroyo represented Puerto Rico in numerous international events. As of June 2021, Arroyo is ranked as the world's sixth best flyweight by BoxRec and tenth best by The Ring.

Early life
McWilliams was born along his twin brother, McJoe, in the municipality of Ceiba in the northeast coastal region of Puerto Rico's main island. Their parents are Milagros Acevedo Hernández and José A. Arroyo Gelabert. Arroyo and his twin, were introduced to boxing in their childhood. At the age of 12, they entered Gimnasio Fito Ramos, a gymnasium located in the municipality of Fajardo, Puerto Rico. In this locale they met Anthony Otero, a retired amateur boxer, who became their trainer during this stage of their careers. They initially took up the sport as a hobby, but after six fights they began establishing a pattern of only spending a limited amount of time inactive during a month, visiting the gymnasium at least every two weeks. Since the early stages of their careers, the brothers decided to fight in different divisions, in order to avoid fighting against each other. However, they participated in sparring sessions, performing as they would do against other sparring partners.

Amateur career
Arroyo began competing in the 70 pounds division, while his brother did so in the 75 pounds. He participated in the first Pan-American Cadet Championships, representing Puerto Rico in the event held in Mexico. In this competition, Arroyo won his first medal in an international tournament, earning the silver medal. Subsequently, he performed in the International Junior Olympics held in Michigan, where he won his division's gold medal. Arroyo entered the V José "Cheo" Aponte Tournament held from June 1–7, 2003. He advanced to the finals, losing a close decision to Joseph Serrano (13:14) to win the silver medal. Arroyo also represented Puerto Rico in the Copa La Romana, organized in La Romana Province, Dominican Republic, earning the event's silver medal. In 2003, he was named Puerto Rico's Youth Boxer of the Year. Arroyo entered the 2005 Torneo Batalla Carabobo where he won the event's silver medal. The VII José "Cheo" Aponte Tournament was held between June 2–7, 2005. In the semifinals, Arroyo defeated José Meza of Ecuador, 17:13. He won the gold medal, defeating Steven Ortíz by points (25:16) in the finals. Arroyo competed in the 2005 Pan American Championships, earning his division's silver medal.

Central American and Pan American titles
Both of the twins classified to the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games. Arroyo debuted in the light flyweight semifinals, defeating Yan Bartelemí of Cuba, 14:11. After advancing to the finals, he earned the tournament's gold medal, winning his contest against Odilion Zaleta of Mexico by points (14:8). His brother won the bronze medal at the 112 lbs division. For this performance, Arroyo won Puerto Rico's Boxer of the Year recognition. The IX José "Cheo" Aponte Tournament was held between May–5, 2007. In the quarter finals, Arroyo defeated Juan Carlos Payano of the Dominican Republic, 20:12. He won his semifinals against Alex Ferramosca of Italy (26:6). In the finals, Arroyo defeated Juan Vega of Ecuador by points, 30:14. Prior to the 2007 Pan American Games, both of the brothers moved up one division in order to avoid being matched against each other in local tournaments. Arroyo, now fighting at the flyweight division, debuted in the tournament's first date, defeating Lucas Navarro of Argentina by AB in the second round. He won his bracket's quarterfinal against William Urina of Colombia, 16:7. In the semifinals, Arroyo defeated Yoandri Salinas by RSCH in the second round. He gained the tournament's gold medal, winning by 12:11 against Juan Carlos Payano. Both of the brothers participated in the 2007 World Amateur Boxing Championships. Aroyo debuted in the tournament's third date, defeating Luvsantseren Zorigtbaatar of Mongolia by points, 26:10. He won his second preliminary contest against Vitali Volkov of Ukraine (23:14). Arroyo closed his participation in this round by defeating Bato-Munko Vankeev of Belarus, 23:17. In the quarter finals, he lost to Samir Mammadov (33:21). McJoe Arroyo advanced, winning the tournament's bantamweight bronze medal.

Surgery and Olympics
The Arroyo twins, McWilliams and McJoe, qualified to the 2008 Summer Olympics due to their performance at the AIBA World Championships. It was the second time that twins competed in an Olympic boxing tournament, the first pair being Valeriy and Wladimir Sidorenko, who participated together in the 2000 Summer Olympics. On July 2, 2008, Arroyo was selected to carry Puerto Rico's flag in the opening ceremonies of the Olympics. On July 8, 2008, Puerto Rico's Sports and Recreation Department offered up to $48,000 to the five boxers classified to the Olympics, if the boxers choose to continue with the team for a second Olympic cycle. In respect, Arroyo expressed that he would make his decision after comparing the offers provided by the government and professional promoters. The twins, José Pedraza and Jonathan González began their preparations in a massive sports complex located in Salinas, Puerto Rico, named Albergue Olímpico. During the training, Arroyo suffered an injury in one of his legs.  Consequently, his right foot underwent surgery and two screws were fasted to his bone,  interrupting his training regime. As part of their training the boxing team moved to South Korea, in order to get used to the time changes. Arroyo joined them and officially received the flag of Puerto Rico that was going to be used in the Olympic games on July 9, 2008. After training and participating in a series of exhibition matches, the team traveled from South Korea to Beijing. Despite the surgery, Arroyo decided to compete in the Summer Olympics along his brother. He received a bye in the first round of the preliminaries. Arroyo debuted in the final stage of the preliminaries, defeating Norbert Kalucza of Hungary, 14:6. In the quarterfinals, he lost to Andry Laffita (11:2). Arroyo subsequently continued the rehabilitation process and the following month, his first son was born, receiving his namesake, McWilliams Arroyo Junior.

Final stages and World Championship
His next competition was the Torneo Nacional de Boxeo Aficionado Isaac Barrientos, Puerto Rico's national championship tournament. In the finals, he was matched against AIBA Youth World Champion, Jonathan González. Early in the contest, González was able to use his speed and counterattack to establish control of the fight's tempo, winning the first round 3:0. This pattern continued in the next stanza, where he was able to score six more points, including three in only eighteen seconds, before his opponent scored his first point. Arroyo attempted to pressure the fight on the third, reducing the difference to 9:4, before González had one final advance, securing the final score of 11:5. Arroyo returned to action at the XII José "Cheo" Aponte Tournament, which began on May 19, 2009. Prior to the competition, the local media emphasized the rematch between him and Gonzalez, labeling them as "nemesis". After advancing to the finals, he was matched against González, who won the second bracket. On this fight, Arroyo was able to win by points, gathering rounds of 6:3, 12:6 and 17:9. The fight was described as "frenetic" and saw a change in strategy by González, who attempted to pressure the offensive.

Immediately afterwards, both pugilists competed in a third contest as part of the first Juan Evangelista Venegas Olympic Cup. This event was organized by the Olympic Committee of Puerto Rico (COPUR), serving as the final qualifier to determine who would enter Puerto Rico's national team in preparation for the 2009 World Amateur Boxing Championships. The first two rounds concluded with a close score of 5:4, which favored Arroyo. In the third round, González connected a right hook and scored a knockdown. Arroyo stood up while still affected by the punch and was forced to receive a protective count following another offensive barrage. With the score favoring him by two points 7:5, González scored three more times, while Arroyo was only able to do so once, securing a final score of 10:6.
Subsequently, the Federación de Boxeo Aficionado de Puerto Rico (lit. "Amateur Boxing Federation of Puerto Rico") selected Arroyo to participate in the World Amateur Boxing Championships over González. Both of the brothers  participated in this international event. Arroyo debuted in the tournament's third date, defeating Yoon Kyoung Min of Korea by RSCH in the second round. To close the preliminaries, he won his contest against Norbert Kalucza of Hungary by RSC in the third round. In the quarterfinals, Arroyo defeated Yampier Hernández by points, 6:2. He advanced to the finals by winning his fight against Ronny Beblik of Germany (9:7). Arroyo won the tournament's flyweight gold medal, defeating Tugstsogt Nyambayar of Mongolia with a score of 18:2, the widest margin in all of the finals.

Professional career
On December 8, 2009, the Arroyo brothers issued a press release through their mother, Milagros Acevedo, informing that they were no longer interested in continuing their amateur careers. In the letter, they report differences with the criteria used to provide economical support to high-performance athletes, as well as schedule conflicts with their original plans to pursue a professional career after the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games. These concerns were restated in a subsequent press conference, where they noted that supporting their respective families was the main reason to pursue a professional career. On January 12, 2010, PR Best Boxing announced the official signing of both brothers. Arroyo's debut was scheduled for February 27, 2010, taking part of a card titled "Haciendo Historia", where Wilfredo Vázquez, Jr. fought Marvin Sonsona for the super bantamweight world championship. His opponent, Eliecer Sánchez, also debuted as a professional in this card. The fight concluded after 1:46 of the first round had passed, when Arroyo connected a single punch that left Sánchez unconscious for several minutes, requiring paramedical help and an oxygen mask, this result earned him a victory by knockout. In his second fight, he was matched against the latest Dominican Republic Minimumweight Champion, Francisco Rosario. Arroyo won by technical knockout in the third round, when Rosario surrendered following an exchange of solid combinations. His next opponent was Samuel Gutiérrez, who was forced on the defensive from the opening round, receiving several combinations and suffering a broken nose. In the second, Arroyo continued on the offensive, scoring a knockdown which prompted the referee to stop the fight. In his next fight, he suffered an upset loss to Takashi Okada (1-0-1) who knocked Arroyo down in the second round en route to a unanimous decision victory.

Arroyo recovered with a six round unanimous decision win over Jiovany Fuentes. To open 2011, he scored a first round knockout over César Grajeda. Arroyo followed this with five round win over Erickson Martell. He closed the year with seven and two round technical knockouts against Rigoberto Casillas and Lorenzo Trejo. Arroyo won his next contest against Gilberto Mendoza, when the latter retired after suffering a shoulder injury. On March 10, 2012, he defeated Luis Maldonado to win the World Boxing Organization's Latino title. After repeating his previous performance in a rematch with Casillas, Arroyo defended the championship by knocking Ronald Ramos out in five rounds. On February 2, 2013, he won the World Boxing Council's Latino title with a four round win over Miguel Tamayo. However, Arroyo suffered an injury in his right hand and afterwards entered a prolonged inactivity. His return took place in an International Boxing Federation title eliminator on June 19, 2014, where he defeated Froilan Saludar by knockout in two rounds.

Arroyo vs. Cuadras
On February 24, 2018, Arroyo faced Carlos Cuadras. Cuadras was ranked #2 by the WBC and #6 by the WBO at super flyweight. Arroyo outpointed Cuadras on the two of the scorecards, 98-92 and 97-93, while the third judge scored the fight a draw, 95-95, therefore awarding Arroyo with the majority decision victory.

Arroyo vs. Ioka
In his next fight, Arroyo fought former world champion Kazuto Ioka, who was ranked #2 by the WBA at super flyweight. Ioka boxed very well as his game plan seemed to work perfectly against Arroyo. Arroyo made it tough for Ioka at times, but Ioka was the clear winner of the fight, as all three judges scored the fight widely in his favor, 99-90 and 97-92 twice.

Arroyo vs. Rodriguez
On February 27, 2021, Arroyo fought Abraham Rodriguez for the vacant WBC interim flyweight title. Initially Arroyo was supposed to face Julio Cesar Martinez, who pulled out of the fight just days before because of hand injuries. Arroyo dominated his new opponent en route to a fifth round TKO win.

Professional boxing record

References

External links

McWilliams Arroyo - Profile, News Archive & Current Rankings at Box.Live

1985 births
Living people
People from Ceiba, Puerto Rico
Boxers at the 2007 Pan American Games
Boxers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic boxers of Puerto Rico
Flyweight boxers
Twin sportspeople
Puerto Rican twins
Puerto Rican male boxers
AIBA World Boxing Championships medalists
Pan American Games gold medalists for Puerto Rico
Pan American Games medalists in boxing
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Puerto Rico
Competitors at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in boxing
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


LY RHA two-stage regulator series is designed for use in applications with wide variations between inlet and outlet pressure. In addition, due to the instability of the inlet pressure, the supply-pressure effect will cause unstable delivery pressure. LY two-stage regulator series can minimize this effect and maintain consistent pressure supply.