text:
A black hole swallows its accompanying star. Illustration: shutterstock
Scientists have first discovered black holes that eat neutron stars, "like Pac-Man," in a discovery that documents the collision between the two most extreme and mysterious objects in the universe.
The gravitational wave observator using a laser interferometer (LIGO) in the US and the gravitational wave observatory Virgo in Italy captured the gravitational waves from the death spiral and merging of a neutron star with a black hole, and not once but twice. The findings were recently published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Researchers say their observations will help solve some of the universe's most complex mysteries, including the building blocks of matter and the modes of action of space and time.
More than a thousand scientists took part in the first discoveries in the world, with many of the leaders from Australia, including the National University of Australia (ANU).
Research professor Susan Scott of the ANU School of Physics Research at the Center for Gravitational Astrophysics, co-author of the study, said the events occurred about a billion years ago but were so massive we can still see their gravitational waves today.
Collision between two neutron stars. Illustration: NASA
"These collisions shook the universe from the ground up and we recognized the ripples they sent moving powerfully across the cosmos," she said.
"Any collision like this is not just an encounter between two massive and dense objects. It's basically like a pac-man, with a black star swallowing its accompanying neutron star in its entirety."
"These are amazing events and we have waited a very long time to witness them. So it's great to capture them in the end."
One event included a black hole with a mass nine times that of our Sun and a neutron star with twice the mass of our Sun. The other event included a black hole with a mass about six times larger than our Sun and a neutron star with a mass 1.5 times.
Professor Scott, who is also principal investigator at the ARC Center for Excellence in Gravity Wave Detection (OzGrav), said the international team had previously captured many incidents that included two colliding black holes and also two colliding neutron stars.
"We have now completed the final part of the hut with the first verified observations of gravitational waves from a collision of a black star and a neutron star," she said.
Dr. Johannes Eichholtz, of the ANU Center for Gravitational Astrophysics and a fellow researcher at OzGrav, said the two discoveries were originally made on January 5 and 15, 2020.
"Such revelations are very rare," he said.
"We discovered these events not once but twice in ten days."
"Like the ripples from these two events, which were felt a billion years later, these findings will have a major impact on our understanding of the universe for many years to come."
To the scientific paper
More on the subject on the Knowledge website:
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Infuse any dish with an authentic Creole flavor simply by adding a leaf of allspice, just as you would a Bay leaf. Our allspice leaves come from the spice island of Grenada.
Coined 'allspice' by the English who astutely noted that its flavor combines cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves. However, the allspice tree bears no relation to any of these spices. Indispensible in Caribbean cuisine, Allspice infuses any dish with an authentic Creole flavor. Use in Colombo, rice dishes, West-Indian stews and curries.


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Get some BJ (Blazkowicz) wherever you are with Wolfenstein II on Nintendo Switch this June
By Elisha Deogracias
Today, Bethesda and MachineGames announced that last year's award winning shooter Wolfenstein II: The New Colossus will be released on the Nintendo Switch on June 29. The port will be created by Panic Button (who ported Doom on the Switch) with guidance from MachineGames, and will contain the complete, uncensored experience for on-the-go action.
As BJ Blazkowicz, experience an unforgettable action-packed story brought to life by extraordinary characters. Reunite with your friends and fellow freedom fighters as you take on the evil Frau Engel and her Nazi army. Wage the second American Revolution your way – at home or on the go. And, for the perfect blend of immersion and accuracy, utilize Nintendo Switch's unique motion controls to stop the Nazi threat.
Winner of multiple awards, including Video Game Awards' 'Best Action Game of 2017', Wolfenstein II: The New Colossus is rated M for mature by the ESRB and is priced at $59.99 for Nintendo Switch.
Check out the launch trailer above, read up on Travis' review of the original release of Wolfenstein II: The New Colossus, and stay tuned for more news here on Gaming Trend.
Related Articles: Wolfenstein II: The New Colossus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Comma after an introductory phrase beginning with "in" and containing a list Do I need a comma before "no specific" in:

In the tissue samples of the primate brain cortex, liver, muscle, kidney, lymphatic node, spleen and tonsil no specific immunohistochemical staining by Z011 was observed.

I found this explanation:

If a prepositional phrases contains four or fewer words, usually no comma is needed as in the following sentence: On the table a bottle of champagne rested, conserving its energy for the upcoming festivities. Prepositional phrases of five or more words require a comma: Beneath the dusty redwood table, the cat crouched with murderous anticipation. The punctuation marks serve to indicate how the sentence is to be read aloud. As such, the first sentence would have no pause, whereas the second sentence would be read with a slight pause after table. While the word count may appear arbitrary, it reflects an organic speech pattern.

The prepositional phrase in my example has more than four words, but they are themselves set off by commas. Maybe there's no need then for a comma before "no specific"?

A: Commas are a bit of a dark art in English. In your example, I would definitely use a comma before 'no specific', because otherwise it's unclear how to read/parse the sentence. The "four or fewer words" trick above is not so much a rule but rather perhaps a trick to use to decide when a comma is optional.
In your case, you definitely need a comma because it tells the reader how to parse the sentence, but I would also use a comma even if you shortened the prepositional phrase to just four words, like so: "In the tissue samples, no specific immunohistochemical staining by Z011 was observed." It just makes it easier to read in my opinion, and in scientific writing it's especially important to be clear.

A: An addition to the previous answer:
In my opinion, one more reason, if not the main one, for a comma before "no specific" is that it is supposed to follow a non-restrictive appositives "spleen and tonsils" which provide additional information about the lymphatic node, i.e. that spleen and tonsil are elements of the lymphatic node.

A: Either use a comma there, for the sake of clarity, or start the sentence with "No specific ...was observed in ..." My personal preference is not to have a long list of items in a dependent clause opening the sentence because it delays the main clause. Such a list is better as a wagon than a horse.
(Kudos to Tromano)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


During Emily's life only seven of her 1775 poems were published.
This collection of her work shows her breadth of vision and a passionate intensity and awe for life, love, nature, time and eternity.
Once branded an eccentric Dickinson is now regarded as a major American poet.


There are four classic key areas most marketers focus on when it comes to marketing anything – "The 4 P's" – price, place (distribution), product, and promotion.
Distribution is a critical component for any business, including film or entertainment properties. Over the years, I have enjoyed researching and learning about successful distribution strategies for brands (people, service and product) and movies.
Distribution strategy is about being where the customers can consume or buy your product. Many filmmakers dream of seeing their film on the big screen nationally and internationally (in a variety of languages). This could be called pinnacle of success for a filmmaker, which is extremely difficult in our times for indie cinema and very rare. With that being said, there are some critical things to consider, improving your chances in this arena for your work. The reality is that your movie may never get global distribution, but that hasn't stopped some filmmakers to create their own formula for success. So, it shouldn't stop you either.
Have an incredible soundtrack (we are finding there is strong interest in the music, prior to the film). Research "O Brother Where Art Thou". The soundtrack was produced by a Houston music producer and it did very well and was a big push to the film.
Think strategy: What has not been done that should be done?
Brief case study (music industry): An indie music producer friend, Billy Dorsey (www.BillyDorsey.com) explained to me recently how an album he produced and received a Grammy for sold 500,000 copies internationally in 32 weeks digitally (2013). On a budget of $150,000 to produce, the album has generated over $5,000,000 (that is a lot of profit). His next album "Marathon" is being released in Spanish and he is now producing soundtracks to expand his business options on the distribution for his work and to aid filmmakers. That is distribution strategy at work and very smart. He is currently ramping up for his global tour and gaining incredible leverage for his album now.
This entry was posted in Acting, Entertainment, Grammy, Movies, Music, Post, Press, Promotion Strategy, Public Relations, Strategy, Technology and tagged Distribution Strategy, Ideas, Marketing, Music. Bookmark the permalink.


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Back to Mason & Hamlin
The Mason & Hamlin Story
The Golden Age of the Piano
Founded in 1854, Mason & Hamlin is one of America's oldest and most respected piano manufacturers. Of the hundreds of American piano companies that flourished in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Mason & Hamlin is one of only a handful that survive today.
Mason & Hamlin is headquartered in Haverhill, Massachusetts, not far from its original location in Boston, the birthplace of American piano design and manufacturing. Six floors of its busy factory are dedicated to handcrafting Mason & Hamlin pianos. Within its walls, a workforce of 70 highly skilled craftsmen complete every phase of production from rim-pressing to prepping the finished product.
Attention to detail takes time, and Mason & Hamlin invests a great deal of it in every piano it makes. Before a Mason & Hamlin leaves the factory, it's inspected no fewer than 12 times. Choosing quality over quantity, Mason & Hamlin limits its annual production to 50 uprights and 300 grand pianos.
Mason & Hamlin is a forward-thinking company that invests time and millions of dollars in creating its products. But along with its eye to the future is one trained on the past. That's why the factory's top floor showroom will one day house the Mason & Hamlin Museum, where vintage instruments, artifacts and memorabilia will be on display to the public. The museum and creation of the Mason & Hamlin Historical Preservation Society are just two ways the company is honoring its long and illustrious history.
"Mason & Hamlin pianos have a mystique about them," explained Gary Burgett, who owns the company with his brother, Kirk. "There are countless Mason & Hamlin aficionados around the world. When we bought the company 1996, we heard from so many of them, all grateful that we were going to keep this great piano alive. They encouraged and inspired us. Now we'd like to show our appreciation for their interest support with a special website where they can share their stories about the pianos they love, meet fellow Mason & Hamlin fans, and also have a place to see Mason & Hamlin treasures. We hope that someday soon everyone who's interested will be able to come to our factory, see how we're making our pianos today, what we have planned for the future, and then enjoy a glimpse at our past."
In 1854, two brilliant idealists, Henry Mason and Emmons Hamlin, founded the Mason & Hamlin Company in Boston, Massachusetts, the birthplace of American piano design and manufacturing. Although their backgrounds and interests were very different, the two men shared a common goal: to make the world's finest musical instruments.
Henry Mason was a member of one of America's oldest families—they were actually descendents of pilgrims who arrived on the Mayflower. The Masons were renowned for their involvement in the arts. Henry Mason was a pianist and his brother, William, was one of America's foremost classical pianists and composers.
Their father was the famous composer and educator Lowell Mason, a visionary who was the first to bring music into the public schools of America. He was also known throughout the world as a composer and publisher of hymns, and is often called the "father of American church music." Henry Mason shared his father's lifelong dedication to music.
Emmons Hamlin was not a musician, but instead a brilliant mechanic and inventor. While working at the melodeon factory of George A. Price and Company of Buffalo, Hamlin invented a way to voice organ reeds, so that they could imitate the sound of a clarinet, violin or other musical instruments.
Hamlin developed his discovery to perfection, and in 1854, he and Henry Mason formed their company for the purpose of manufacturing a new musical instrument that they called the "organ harmonium."
Although the company was started with very little capital, the two owners were determined to make only the very best instruments, even if there were very few produced. Fortunately, the combination of limited production and great attention to detail paid off, and the company and its products were instantly successful and in great demand. Arthur Loesser summed up their success in his book, Men,Women and Pianos, A Social History: "Mason & Hamlin…soon became and remained the foremost in the field."
From the organ harmonium, the company graduated to the American Cabinet Organ, a product that would earn Mason & Hamlin 1st prize at the Paris Exhibition of 1867. The fact that a small American company won the top prize over its much larger, more established European competitors astounded the music world. The fact that they continued to win year after year was even more astounding. It wasn't long before Mason & Hamlin had established a worldwide reputation for excellence.
In 1881, the company decided to branch out into making pianos. Following traditions established in making its organs, Mason & Hamlin built its pianos with the very finest materials—slowly and meticulously, with great attention to even the smallest detail. Wisely, it also hired brilliant designers. Among them was Richard W. Gertz, a genius who contributed many innovations to the piano industry, including the Duplex Scale, screw stringer and the Tension Resonator, a remarkable device that was designed to maintain the crown of the soundboard for the life of a piano.
With Mason & Hamlin's innovations, use of only the finest materials and expert craftsmanship, its pianos were the world's costliest to produce and widely accepted as the world's finest.
By the turn of the century, the Golden Age of the Piano was in full force and the most illustrious concert artists of the day aligned themselves with piano manufacturers. Mason & Hamlin was at the forefront, and great virtuosos, including Sergei Rachmaninoff, endorsed Mason & Hamlin pianos.
In 1909, Etude Magazine reported on Mason and Hamlin artist Harold Bauer, the only piano virtuoso who was originally a concert violinist. Although Bauer maintained his interest in the violin, he had such great technical ability as a pianist and such a remarkable gift for interpretation on the piano, that it became his instrument and the brand he preferred was Mason & Hamlin, of which he wrote: "The Mason and Hamlin pianos represent the most perfect example of the piano maker's art. They are the most supremely beautiful instruments that I know."
Bauer wasn't alone in his love for Mason & Hamlin pianos. Composer Maurice Ravel chose Mason & Hamlin pianos for his first tour of America. Of them he said: "While preserving all the qualities of the percussion instrument, the Mason & Hamlin pianoforte also serves magnificently the composer's concept by its extensive range in dynamics, as well as quality of tone. It is not short of being a small orchestra. In my opinion, the Mason & Hamlin is a real work of art."
Great pianists weren't the only artists endorsing Mason & Hamlin pianos. Many of the opera world's greatest stars spoke on their behalf. Anna Case was an American-born singer who debuted with the Metropolitan Opera at the age of 20 and sang her first solo role six months later. She was in fact the firs American singer at the Met who had no European training or international reputation. She was a brilliant star there and remained at the opera house from 1909 to 1920. During her incredible career she endorsed the Mason & Hamlin piano.
One of the world's mostfamous violinists was the American Yehudi Menuhin. In 1924, at the age of 7, Menuhin made his public debut. The child prodigy astounded the classical world with his artistry, and in 1935 he undertook his first world tour playing in 73 cities in 13 countries. The Mason and Hamlin archives include many letters from Menuhin extolling the virtues of his Mason & Hamlin pianos: "Among all pianos none compares with the Mason & Hamlin in beauty and grace of tone, or in mellowness and softness and yet in bigness, or in anything that a sensitive and, as it were, human piano should have." At one time. Menuhin had five Mason & Hamlin grand pianos in his West Coast home.
In 1929, the stock market crash brought on the Great Depression—an era when things like pianos became luxury items that were out of reach for most Americans.
Mason & Hamlin continued to produce pianos, but the company underwent several changes of ownership during this period until it became, in 1930, part of the giant Aeolian American Piano Company.
World War II brought the American piano industry to a halt, since basic piano building materials like iron had to used for the war effort. Mason & Hamlin turned from making pianos to building airplane gliders. This continued until the end of the war.
Beginning in 1945, Mason & Hamlin pianos were made in the Aeolian American plant in East Rochester, New York. Between 1983 and 1995, Mason & Hamlin changed ownership several times. In 1995, the company that owned Mason & Hamlin was forced to file for bankruptcy and close its doors.
In 1996, one of the most successful businesses in the piano industry was PianoDisc, a manufacturer of computerized player systems for acoustic pianos. Gary and Kirk Burgett, PianoDisc's owners, were longtime fans of Mason & Hamlin pianos. When they heard that the company was for sale in bankruptcy court they put in a bid to buy it. The court ruled in their favor.
Just like Henry Mason and Emmons Hamlin, the Burgett brothers brought unique and diverse experience and interests to their partnership. Gary was a pianist and music educator, with a degree in piano performance from Bob Jones University. Kirk has had over 25 years experience as a piano rebuilder and technician. He holds the prestigious rank of Certified Tuning Examiner in the Piano Technicians Guild. In 1979, the two went into partnership as piano retailers. In 1988, they started PianoDisc, which rapidly became America's best-selling player piano
With the purchase of Mason & Hamlin, the Burgetts realized a lifelong dream. Their enthusiasm for vintage Mason & Hamlins motivated them to rebuild the company and restore the Mason & Hamlin name. Their manufacturing and marketing savvy made them uniquely qualified to succeed, and they set about to do just that.
Their first step was to use sophisticated computer software programs to archive original Mason & Hamlin company scale designs, jigs, fixtures and templates. Preserving these important company assets was paramount. Then they invested millions of dollars in high-tech computer controlled machinery and equipment to increase efficiency and productivity in the factory. Next they found experienced craftsmen and began making the new Mason & Hamlin pianos.
Wisely, the Burgetts retained many important original features and designs (including Richard Gertz's Tension Resonator), and by incorporating technological advances made in piano manufacturing during the last few decades, they not only recreated the Golden Age Mason & Hamlin pianos, but in many ways improved on them.
Word spread quickly that the new Mason & Hamlin pianos had more in common with the old ones than their name. The new instruments received rave reviews in many music magazines and books. In his book The Piano, author John-Paul Williams wrote, "under new and committed ownership, every part of the company has been revitalized and, in 2002, Mason & Hamlin pianos are near-perfect reproductions of the very best early twentieth-century models."
From a Downbeat magazine review: "Mason & Hamlin's Model BB Semi Concert grand plays with the consistency and response of the finest concert grand pianos." In just a few short years, Mason & Hamlin pianos have returned to the concert stage, prestigious music schools, recording studios, conservatories and homes across America. History has indeed repeated itself and Mason & Hamlin is back—still the costliest piano to produce, still the choice of discriminating musicians and still the world's finest piano.
In 1854, Henry Mason and Emmons Hamlin joined forces to create a company with a single vision: to build the finest musical instruments in the world. Today, Mason & Hamlins' vision is the same, and the standards of quality that were established one hundred and fifty years ago continue to guide a new generation of piano makers.
Learn more about and visit the Mason & Hamlin showroom and play our world-class pianos today!
Call to schedule a tour or showing today!
Interested in buying a piano?
Call to our sales department for more information and financing options!
Mason & Hamlin Factory Store
35 Duncan St


Franck Laporte is the president and CEO of the company and founded Annealsys in 2004. He graduated from ENSMM and also holds a master degree in Electronics. He was formerly founder, president and CEO of Jipelec and has 25 years background in development of Rapid Thermal Processing and chemical vapor deposition systems: RTCVD, LPCVD, UHV-CVD, DLI-CVD and MOCVD.
Jean-Claude Duchayne is co-founder and CFO of the company. He is also responsible for purchasing and production. He graduated from the University of Toulouse as chartered accountant. He has served as CFO in various companies of the semiconductor industry including groups of SMEs, Jipelec and Qualiflow. He has an experience of auditor, purchasing manager, production manager and financial manager.
Jean-Manuel Decams holds a Ph.D in Chemistry in synthesis of chemical precursors for CVD from the University of Nice. He is R&D Manager at Annealsys and responsible for process development and cooperation research projects. He has been involved in many development projects for superconductor, metals and high-k materials deposition by MOCVD. He holds several patents and is associated to number of publications. He is co-inventor of state of the art direct liquid injection vaporization systems.


text:
DCTRS
Damascus Center for Theoretical and Civil Rights Studies
Trending Movies Things to do in San Diego Best SEP Expert in San Diego I'd like to thank the Academy Museum for my fantasy Oscar Why Academy Museum delays turned out to be a good thing
Former MoviePass chair Farnsworth buys TikTok rival Lomotif
DCTCRS February 23, 2021 4 min read
The former chairman of defunct cinema subscription app MoviePass, Ted Farnsworth, is back with a new company. But instead of disrupting the movie theater industry with cheap monthly fees, he's trying to take on TikTok and Triller in the fast-growing mobile video space.
His firm, Zash Global Media and Entertainment Corp., on Tuesday said it has taken control of Lomotif, a Singapore-based video-sharing platform that competes with Beijing-based TikTok. Zash has acquired an 80% controlling interest in Lomotif, the company said.
Financial details were not disclosed.
Inside the business of entertainment
The Wide Shot brings you news, analysis and insights on everything from streaming wars to production — and what it all means for the future.
Farnsworth, who cofounded Zash with entrepreneurs Jaeson Ma and Vincent Butta, has reentered the dealmaking space after MoviePass' collapse by making inroads in digital entertainment, including with its platform for social media influencers. Zash last month signed an agreement to merge with publicly traded acquisition company Vinco Ventures.
The company plans to build on Lomotif's social media platform by growing the app's presence in the U.S. and adding original content, including reality TV and sports programming, to go along with its user-generated videos. He said he sees a major opportunity to capitalize on advertisers' hunger to connect with audiences through social media branding efforts by online personalities.
While the app's popularity in the U.S. pales in comparison to TikTok's, the company has a strong foothold in Asia and Latin America, Farnsworth said. The company also sees a major opportunity in India, where TikTok is banned.
Farnsworth, who lives in Florida and is producing movies in Syracuse, N.Y., said the company will continue to pursue additional acquisitions including production companies. "We're in talks with other companies as we speak," he told The Times.
"Lomotif will really be our cornerstone, as we build out around it," Farnsworth said.
Farnsworth is best known for his work leading MoviePass in one of the most spectacular rise-and-fall entertainment startup stories of the last several years. He was chief executive of MoviePass' New York-based parent company, Helios & Matheson Analytics Inc., which declared bankruptcy in January 2020.
Helios & Matheson bought then little-known MoviePass in August 2017 and turned it into a phenomenon by offering virtually unlimited movie theater visits for $9.95 a month. The app quickly grew to 3 million subscribers but struggled because the more people used it, the more money it lost. MoviePass shed customers as it tried to stem losses by limiting how many movies people could see. Meanwhile, the theater companies, which saw MoviePass as an aggressive interloper, launched subscription offerings of their own.
After MoviePass shut down its service in late 2019, Farnsworth stepped down from Helios & Matheson and tried to bid for MoviePass, but he was unsuccessful.
Looking back, Farnsworth said MoviePass changed the business of moviegoing. Several theater chains, including AMC Theatres, Regal, Cinemark and Alamo Drafthouse, launched their own versions of a subscription program in order to boost attendance.
Currently, many theaters remain closed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo on Monday said New York City theaters could finally reopen, while limiting them to 25% capacity.
Many of MoviePass' problems stemmed from the fact that the company's technology and customer service couldn't handle the app's level of growth. That won't be an issue for Lomotif, whose users have uploaded billions of video clips, Farnsworth said. The app has had more than 225 million downloads globally, the company said.
"I still to this day believe in that [MoviePass] model very much, though obviously not now with theaters closed," Farnsworth said. "We definitely changed the industry forever. I think here, this is totally different because [Lomotif users are] generating their own content. They're used to the scale and the consumption."
Lomotif, founded in 2014, is in a competitive business. The app had 25.2 million global downloads in 2020, according to data firm SensorTower. That's far fewer than the 987 million for TikTok and 254 million for Singapore-based Likee.
TikTok last year came under fire from the Trump administration, which accused it of sharing user data with the Chinese government. TikTok denied doing so. Trump moved to ban the app, and TikTok made a deal with Oracle Corp. and Walmart, but that agreement reportedly has been shelved amid a broad Biden administration review of U.S. business dealings with China.
Triller, owned by former studio chief Ryan Kavanaugh's Proxima Media, tried to take advantage of TikTok's pain but struggled to maintain its early momentum.
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On most projects where there is enough room for access on both side of a foundation wall, waterproofing is often applied after the concrete foundation wall has already been poured.
Projects with occupied spaces below grade and underground parking structures require waterproofing systems that have to be absolutely reliable. A complex system of shoring with rakers and tiebacks support lagging walls that will support a dimpled sheet drain. Often these tiebacks create irregular shapes that waterproofing will have to be detailed and sealed properly. Some projects require the wall to be very durable and are constructed of shotcrete that is directly applied to the membrane with protection layer. Most waterbased spray-applied membranes require a uniform coat of 100 mils. This is applied typically in three passes. It is recommended that a log be kept by the waterproofing contractor using a mil-guage that is placed into the membrane. When the depth of the membrane reaches the height of the 100 mil groove in the gauge, then the thickness of the material is met. Dimples in the drain mat, installed vertically help create the mechanical bond between the concrete and helps ensure that there will be no delamination between the membrane and the concrete. The key to a good blindside application is to detail around soil retention system. The waterproofing contractor must provide membrane patches and provide liquid around tiebacks.
Plastic sheets that are around a quarter inch thick have two layers of 60 mil bitumen waterproofing membrane that is reinforced. It is bonded to a mesh of nylon fibers that embed into the concrete as it is installed. Separately, a drainage mat will be installed between the lagged wall and the waterproofing memberane. There are many different products that have a proven track record in underground waterproofing. Spray-applied and plastic sheets are more recent.
On one of EVstudio's multifamily projects, because of the proximity to the property line, blindside waterproofing had to be installed. Typical projects include "zero lot line" tunnels, foundation walls and high density build-up areas. In blindside waterproofing, waterproofing membranes are installed prior to the concrete wall being poured. The installation is more complex than standard waterproofing installation because the installation is done in reverse order of the standard installation.


text:
function hypograph( varargin )

%HYPOGRAPH Declares a hypograph variable.
%   HYPOGRAPH VARIABLE x
%   where x is a valid MATLAB variable name, declares a scalar
%   variable for the current cvx problem, and specifies it as
%   the objective of a maximization. There is no need to declare
%   a separate MAXIMIZE command.
%
%   This keyword should be used only when attempting to
%   create a new function for the CVX library. Suppose you have a
%   function F(X) whose hypograph {(X,Y)}{F(X)>=Y} can be
%   described as a CVX feasibiliy problem. Then declaring Y
%   as an EPIGRAPH turns the model into one that computes the
%   value of the function itself, maximizing over Y.
%
%   Other uses of this keyword are NOT supported and can lead
%   to numerical errors.
%
%   HYPOGRAPH VARIABLE x(n1,n2,...,nk)
%   declares a vector, matrix, or array hypograph variable with
%   dimensions n1, n2, ..., nk, each of which must be positive
%   integers.
%
%   Structure modifiers such as "symmetric", "toeplitz", etc.
%   are permitted with hypograph variables.
%
%   Examples:
%      hypograph variable x
%      hypograph variable x(100)
%
%   See also VARIABLE, EPIGRAPH.

if nargin < 2,
    error( 'Incorrect syntax for HYPOGRAPH VARIABLE. Type HELP HYPOGRAPH for details.' );
elseif ~iscellstr( varargin ),
    error( 'All arguments must be strings.' );
elseif ~strcmp( varargin{1}, 'variable' ),
    error( 'Incorrect syntax for HYPOGRAPH VARIABLE. Type HELP HYPOGRAPH for details.' );
end
evalin( 'caller', sprintf( '%s ', 'variable', varargin{2:end}, ' hypograph_' ) );

% Copyright 2005-2014 CVX Research, Inc.
% See the file LICENSE.txt for full copyright information.
% The command 'cvx_where' will show where this file is located.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Topic App development
Big data and AI
APIs and integration
PaaS and development tools
Getting to know Docker containerization
Using Docker for container development
Docker instances become mainstream
Fearing Docker? Don't let it stop your container adoption
Simplifying DevOps with Docker Engine
Docker and Kubernetes will simplify Java EE development
Assess your microservices and container wisdom
Application containers got you boxed in? Break out with this quiz
Microservices and containers database
Container management software
Containers as a service (CaaS)
Open Container Initiative
This content is part of the Essential Guide: Developers' guide to deploying microservices and containers
Microservices' benefits are clear, but getting there may not be
As businesses see microservices' benefits begin to accrue, IT may find itself facing a new set of challenges regarding implementation and continuing management.
Joel Shore, News Writer
Microservices architecture -- the development methodology in which a large application or entire system is constructed as a collection of narrowly focused, modular services -- continues to grow in popularity. The technology is alluring in its premise of combining small, single-function modules to yield a comprehensive business system; therefore, it holds great appeal for developers. But achieving comprehensive microservices benefits may ultimately require heightened attention to track and manage a potentially large number of microservice modules, compared with just a few do-it-all monolithic apps.
Implementing a microservices architecture offers a profound advantage that goes well beyond agility in app development and deployment. It allows the core business to be proactive and transformative -- staying ahead of competitors -- or reactive, if necessary, to play catch-up.
"If you are not continually improving your application, then your business is falling behind the competition," said Jeff Kaplan, managing director of THINKstrategies Inc., a Wellesley, Mass., cloud consultancy. "By architecting a large application or system as a series of very small microservices, it becomes much easier to update specific aspects and innovate."
Bert Ertman, a fellow at Luminis in the Netherlands and a frequent lecturer on microservices, agreed, noting that containers and microservices leverage each other's advantages. "Whether you claim to do microservices or not, I think striving for a more modular application architecture enables many good things, in general." Containers, he said, can be used without doing microservices, and microservices can be used without container technologies, but they complement each other by combining agility with portability.
Microservices benefits are growing
Writing in his blog, the chief architect of information systems at the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Maxim Smirnov, listed a dozen scenarios for realizing microservices benefits via API calls, including product ordering, catalog management, trouble ticketing, customer management, billing and inventory management. In a microservices architecture, each module performs one function and uses a defined interface to interoperate with other modules.
The growing range of possibilities would appear to benefit every phase of an enterprise, but that's not exactly the case in the view of Donnie Berkholz, research director for the development, DevOps and IT ops channel at 451 Research. In practice, microservices benefits may not be equally distributed throughout the organization, he said.
"Microservices is increasing the burden on the development and operations teams, while creating significant business benefits," Berkholz said. "More and more companies want to become software-defined businesses, but to get there, they're going to have to dump a lot of their existing processes and tools."
Talent gap strikes again
The inevitable problem in trying to reap container and microservices benefits is the lack of expertise within corporate IT and the inability to comprehend the value proposition compared with a virtual machine architecture.
For Jeremy Steinert, DevOps practice lead at cloud consultancy WSM International in St. Clair Shores, Mich., they are old issues applied to a new technology. "We've seen a substantial uptick in work from our clients regarding microservices and containers over the last several months, but even we are still learning to build apps with these technologies and how to best compartmentalize the many components for efficient operation," he said. Using the two together yields both portability and scalability. "We can have dozens of nodes online in just a few minutes, and we are not restricted to where they run," he said.
While a key microservices benefit is that prized business agility, achieving it comes at the cost of implementing a microservices framework, along with managing a portfolio that could encompass hundreds of microservices for each legacy monolithic application that is ultimately replaced. "Adoption of containers has jumped from 6% to 14% of enterprises in just the last 12 months, but pace of reconfiguration into a microservices architecture is considerably slower," Berkholz said.
For developers, microservices and containers are a good place to focus, Berkholz said. "It's the oldest and the newest technologies that do well in salary surveys," he said. On the new side, that means microservices, containers and data science. Conversely, he said, it is the thinning ranks of COBOL developers, through retirement and demise, which keeps salaries high at the other end.
Joel Shore is news writer for TechTarget's Business Applications and Architecture Media Group. Write to him at jshore@techtarget.com or follow @JshoreTT on Twitter.
Five tips for achieving microservices happiness
Is a microservices architecture right for mobile computing?
What IT needs to know about microservices
Learn more about the benefits of microservices to EA
Experts Answer Pressing PaaS Cloud Development Questions –SearchBusinessAnalytics
Focus: Cloud application development –ComputerWeekly.com
Focus: PaaS and the next generation of cloud software –ComputerWeekly.com
Applying Security to the Twelve-Factor App –WhiteHat Security
Dig Deeper on Cloud application development
Invoke these 3 commandments of microservice applications
By: Clive Longbottom
Evaluate the benefits, drawbacks of service mesh technologies
Practical ways to automate microservices' CI/CD processes
By: Twain Taylor
Data center admins gain the benefits of microservices
By: Jessica Lulka
Joel Shore asks:
What obstacles is your organization facing in moving to a microservices architecture?
Eliminating the App Learning Curve for Users Speeds Up Digital Transformation –Citrix
Joel Shore - 12 Sep 2016 7:23 AM
mcorum - 12 Sep 2016 1:35 PM
I think our biggest challenge has been that we are moving in that direction at the same time that we are migrating the apps and services to the cloud, so we've really complicated the matter by attempting two large efforts at the same time. Our second biggest challenge is updating the way that we think about testing when it comes to a microservice architecture.
AlbertGareev - 12 Sep 2016 4:30 PM
Speaking of testers - it's a lack of technical skills for effective and efficient testing of microservices. Absence of the UI requires to give up "traditional" test cases and acquire mixed white box / black box testing approach using programming and tools.
Joel Shore - 26 Sep 2016 10:31 AM
Agreed that it's tough enough to migrate anything from a legacy architecture (and philosophy) to the cloud without changing anything. Simultaneously redesigning into hundreds or thousands of bite-size microservices makes for a daunting challenge. This isn't exactly a case for not changing more than one variable at a time, but it's certainly a reasonable approach. It's not that different from an NFL coach devising a game plan that gives a third-string quarterback the best possible chance of succeeding. You want everyone in IT — and the apps and systems — to succeed.
People often think that microservices remove a lot of complexity, but you're really just putting the complexity somewhere else. Instead of the complexity being embedded within monolithic applications, it now comes in the form or managing a slew of smaller services, which creates a new set of challenges that must be solved.
While the article speaks of business benefits of microservices architecture I find that it's also a good way to approach the team scaling problem. Large teams are typically less effective. Large monolithic apps demand large teams. But if the product is split to a few sub-products, it helps to keep small efficient teams.
Joel Shore - 14 Oct 2016 1:21 PM
On one side of a balance scale, we might place a single one-pound weight, and on the other side place 16 one-ounce weights. The two are are in equilibrium, but there's a price to pay for keeping track of 16 items instead of just one. Conversely, if one of those 16 should go missing or awry, the other 15 might still be ok; not so if that big one-pounder goes south. Sure, this is a vast oversimplification in comparing to one giant monolithic program vs. a bunch of constituent microservices that total up to the same end computing result, but my point is that each model offers both advantages and disadvantages.


So lately with my martial arts school we've been putting on seminars to teach Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and Muay Thai kickboxing techniques and it got me thinking...Have you ever considered putting together a Lure Making seminar? Kind of like a hands on work shop? I know you're extremely busy and have a large list of priorities i'm sure, but it may not be a bad idea to consider. Teach a seminar on mold making, how to pour properly, common mistakes lure makers commit, etc... just throwing it out there. I'm sure people would pay top dollar to attend this... myself included.


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all the best yer !


Enjoy this sweet and savory dish any time of day, though we think it'd make waking up a lot easier if this was in your breakfast future.
Cabbage is incredibly versatile and used here, it creates fish tacos you won't soon forget. Best of all, this recipe is quick so you can make this without losing any time outdoors enjoying the longer days.
Few things rival the deliciousness of a tasty burger with all the right toppings. Go healthier while still enjoying one by making this hearty veggie burger with mushrooms and other fresh produce.
This recipe might not make a meal but it sure does make tasty snack. These also look great as cake toppers to make anything you bake a little bit sweeter and cuter.
Don't be afraid to cook with this root vegetable that's the perfect spring accessory to many of your favorite dishes, including this stir fry we can't wait to make.


text:
About Leonie Charles
I am a versatile actress, who while studying acting, also trained as a Dancer. I spent 2 years with 'Fusion Dance/ Drama Company', travelling all around England with a live Jazz Band, performing at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival, and representing England at the Indian Theatre Olympaid in New Delhi.
My training has included the prestigious Anna Scher Theatre School, Ballet Rambert Dance School and The City Literary.
After 9 years absence from Stage work, in 2014 I played the lead in a play called 'Losing Sight of Home', set in the 60's, about West Indians who immigrated to England. I have always wanted to play a character from that era and setting - it really was the ideal role after such a long time away from doing Live Performances.
My work varies from films, short films, commercials, voice over, stage and corporate.
I have a warm and genuine persona. I am authentic and bring a natural energy and enthusiasm to castings, my work and people I work with.
LEONIE CHARLES


text:
Mesocentrus rutilus är en stekelart som beskrevs av Papp 2005. Mesocentrus rutilus ingår i släktet Mesocentrus och familjen bracksteklar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Bracksteklar
rutilus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Brand New Black Isoki Australia Nappy Bag. Only used once. Not needed, as owner has another similar nappy bag. The bag lining is waterproof and wipe clean to clean up spills. 7 interior pockets to keep nappies, wipes, toys and baby clothes. Stroller clips attached to attach to stroller or trolley. In brand new condition and very worth it. Includes single bottle carrier. A perfect, contemporary and a practical bag for the modern mum.
mimco zetta baby bag Good condition Mimco baby bag, comes with a Mimco changing Matt. Has space for bottles, various compartments to store everything you need. Not only does it look GREAT, the pockets and design make it really practical. I've also found that it's a great little weekender bag. The only thing that makes it a nappy bag is the little separate change mat that comes with it.


text:
Domino's Pizza makes largest-ever donation to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
St, Jude building 140 apartment for families at Memphis campus
by: Shay Arthur and WREG Staff
MEMPHIS, Tenn. — St. Jude Children's Research Hospital has received a donation of $100 million from Domino's Pizza, the largest donor commitment in the hospital's history.
Domino's and its franchisees have committed to raising the money over the next 10 years.
St. Jude is developing 140 apartments on its Memphis campus for families with children who are receiving treatment. The facility will be named The Domino's Village in honor of the company's donation.
"The Domino's Village will provide a home-away-from-home for the thousands of kids and families who come to St. Jude from around the world," said Richard Shadyac, president and CEO of ALSAC, the fundraising arm of St. Jude. "They will forever be transformed by the generosity of Domino's in their greatest time of need."
St. provides housing at no cost to families who must travel 35 miles or more for their child's treatment. Families currently can stay in Tri Delta Place, Ronald McDonald House, Target House or The Parcels at Crosstown Concourse.
The $110 million project is expected to open at 361 N. Third St. in spring of 2023.
St. Jude said it has treated 2,820 new cancer patients since 2016 and the new housing will allow it to increase the number of patients it serves.
Domino's Pizza said in a statement that its corporate office along with franchisees has raised more than $68 million for the kids of St. Jude through an annual campaign. Customers also can round up their order total and donate the change to the kids throughout the year on dominos.com. Domino's named St. Jude its national charity partner in 2004.
With the announcement, many people are excited to hear the news. One former patient said St. Jude saved his life.
"St. Jude, they saved my life," Jaxon Hindman said. "And if it wasn't for them I couldn't say I would be here today. St. Jude forever has a special place in my heart."
Hindman beat brain cancer. Nearly seven years cancer free, he now does everything he can to help the hospital. WREG-TV first introduced you to the now University of Memphis freshman a few years ago as he trained for the St. Jude marathon.
Someday he hopes to work at the very hospital that treated him. Hearing the news Domino's has pledged $100 million to go toward units for families staying at St. Jude, Hindman said he has high hopes.
"I'm definitely excited to see what all that goes towards and how it positivity impacts St. Jude and everything that they do," Hindman said.


text:
The Encyclopedia of Jewish Women
Killer Wife in Jewish Law and Lore
by Shmuel Shilo
In Jewish law presumptions play an important role. In the context of our topic, the type of presumption which is relevant is unique in legal systems: the presumption is that if things happen in a certain manner they will continue to happen in the same manner. The following are four examples of such presumptions in the Lit. "teaching," "study," or "learning." A compilation of the commentary and discussions of the amora'im on the Mishnah. When not specified, "Talmud" refers to the Babylonian Talmud.Talmud.
There is a presumption that if an ox gored twice, or according to another view three times, it will continue to gore. Therefore there is a strict responsibility upon its owner to guard it and if it gores again the owner will be liable to a high rate of compensation—double the amount he would ordinarily have to pay the injured party before it became known that there is a presumption that this particular ox is prone to gore.
If a woman begins to menstruate on the same day of the month for three consecutive months, there is a presumption that that is the day when she begins her period and all the detailed regulations concerning a menstruous woman begin at that date.
If a woman is married ten years and has had no offspring, was divorced and remarried and has no offspring for another ten years, she is presumed to be sterile and she is now not permitted to marry a man who has no offspring and therefore has not yet fulfilled the commandment of procreation.
If a woman had children who died as a result of circumcision, it is forbidden to circumcise her other sons for fear that they may also die as a result of circumcision. There is a presumption that the family is prone to dying as a result of circumcision, probably due to hemophilia or some other genetic illness.
In a similar vein to the aforementioned examples the Talmud brings and discusses the killer-wife presumption. According to a Talmudic sage if a woman was married to one husband who died and to a second one who also died, she is not permitted to marry a third husband for fear of his life. There is, however, another Talmudic sage who holds that only after the death of three husbands is she prohibited from marrying a fourth. Most post-Talmudic decisors of the law rule according to the more stringent view that the prohibition begins after only two deaths, not three. In any event, this is another example of a presumption that what occurred in the past is prone to repeat itself.
The Talmudic discussion does not end here but what follows is an attempt to explain the reason for the husbands' deaths. Two possible reasons are given in the Talmud, both unclear and enigmatic. According to R. Huna her "well" is the cause. According to R. Ashi her bad luck is the cause. It seems that R. Huna's explanation refers to her womb, meaning that for some reason sexual relations with her have an adverse effect on her partner—perhaps she has some malignant disease which is transferred by sexual intercourse. R. Ashi's explanation too is unclear—what is meant by her bad luck?
The Talmud further enquires: do the different explanations posed by Rabbis Huna and Ashi respectively, lead to practical legal differences? The Talmud answers in the affirmative. "The difference between them is the case where the man only betrothed her and died or also when he fell off a palm-tree and died." The explanation of the above is that where it is clear that the husband's death was not caused by his contact with her "well"—her womb—according to R. Huna she may remarry. Both the examples which were given are situations where it is clear that coitus was not the cause of the husband's death; the betrothed future husband and the man who was killed by the fall from a tree both died from circumstances which were not at all connected with having sexual relations with the woman. Hence R. Huna would allow a further marriage while R. Ashi would prohibit one since according to him she is an unlucky spouse.
Usually where there is a difference of opinion between R. Huna and R. Ashi the law is according to R. Ashi, who was both a later authority and the major redactor of the The discussions and elaborations by the amora'im of Babylon on the Mishnah between early 3rd and late 5th c. C.E.; it is the foundation of Jewish Law and has halakhic supremacy over the Jerusalem Talmud.Babylonian Talmud. Thus in this case the more stringent view is to be accepted, that is, it makes no difference what the possible cause of death is: the woman is unlucky and in no circumstances should a third individual take the risk of marrying her.
This fear of dying as a result of marriage to a woman whose former husbands had died while married to her was taken very seriously. The Talmud relates a story about a very prominent rabbi, Abaye, who relied on the statement that the presumption takes effect only after three deaths, and married a woman whose two husbands had died. The Talmud relates that after the marriage Abaye too passed away. In a related Talmudic passage we are told about the wife of another sage who, fearing that Abaye's widow was interested in her husband, chased her out of town yelling at her, "You have already killed three men and now you come to kill another man!"
Before we turn to our discussion of the killer-wife in post-Talmudic times, we can pause here to ask whether there is a source or at least a hint of this fear in pre-Talmudic Jewish sources. The answer to this question is a weak "maybe." The only Biblical source which may be alluding to such a fear is the story in Genesis of Judah and Tamar: Tamar married Judah's son Er who died while married to Tamar. Then Er's brother Onan married her—probably an early example of a Marriage between a widow whose husband died childless (the yevamah) and the brother of the deceased (the yavam or levir).levirate marriage; he too died while married to her. The Bible then relates: "Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, "Stay as a widow in your father's house until my son Shelah grows up'—for he thought: He too might die like his brothers." It seems from this passage that there was a fear for the life of someone who married a woman whose previous husbands had died while married to her. This is so in spite of the fact that the Bible relates that Judah's sons died because of their sinful behavior.
In any event the Talmudic discussion was taken seriously in post-Talmudic times. As a result of what was said in the Talmud, many rabbis felt that there was a real danger in marrying such a woman and even if one could not be sure that the outcome of the marriage would be death, one could not take the possibility lightly. Therefore one must see to it that such marriages do not take place. In matters of life and death taking chances is forbidden. On the other hand, by adopting a stringent view, one could cause great harm to a young woman who had the misfortune of being twice widowed and could not now remarry. She is a de facto agunah—anchored woman—who is now relegated to the life of a spinster. Such a situation is clearly against the ideal of the Jewish religion.
These two competing diametrically opposed outlooks are the nexus of the halahkic-legal tug of war which emerged in post-Talmudic times. From the Talmudic sources it is clear that a marriage prohibition exists for the killer-wife. For the Talmud this is not a folkloristic superstition but a really serious problem.
Two schools of thought developed over the ages regarding the killer-wife. One was conservative, stringent in its interpretation of the Talmud, taking the Talmudic statement very seriously. The other, lenient school, includes a wide spectrum of views attempting to ameliorate, at least in some cases, the plight of the killer-wife. The range of views runs from minor inroads in the law to almost complete negation of the killer-wife rule. Some of the rabbis who took the killer-wife marriage prohibition seriously even extended the prohibition to situations not mentioned in the Talmud. These decisors saw themselves as life-savers, but they remained a minority.
It seems that one of the major causes for an upsurge in strictness was the appearance in the thirteenth century of the Zohar, the most influential and basic book in the The esoteric and mystical teachings of JudaismKabbalah. The Zohar looks askance at remarriage of widows in general. It speaks of the spirit of the deceased husband, which will return in order to harm the new husband.
The perceptions in the Zohar have parallels both in other sources of the Jewish cultural heritage and in the heritage of other civilizations. For example, in the Hindu religion marriage of a widow is not looked upon favorably. There too the spirit of the dead husband hovers above the new couple. In some cultures we find the spirit of the former husband and in others we find the belief that certain demons attend the wedding ceremony in order to harm the couple. In the apocryphal book of Tobit we read of Sarah, the daughter of Requel, the heroine of the book, having been widowed seven times, each husband dying in the wedding chamber. The cause of death is the demon Ashmedai (Asmodeus) who is in love with Sarah and slays every groom who approaches her.
It seems that not only the Zohar influenced the rabbis who held a more stringent view but that other extra-legal influences were present. In certain Jewish communities between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries stringency appears to have become more prominent. One possible explanation of this phenomenon is that at that time there was a reaction against rationalism in all of Europe, including Jewish society.
However, it appears that a more lenient attitude was usually dominant. Before going into detail about the specific manner of interpretation used by these scholars of leniency, it is important to begin by emphasizing the general policy behind the lenient view: the attempt to alleviate the plight of women who would be left unwed as a result of their being branded killer wives. This situation is contrary to both the moral and religious attitude of Judaism. Therefore there was an urgency to find a solution to this problem, even if at times it could only be partial. (Some of the post-Talmudic rabbis felt uneasy with the killer-wife rule, seeing it as essentially based on superstition rather than on logic.)
Undoubtedly the watershed decision and the most influential on later generations was the ruling of Moses ben Maimon (Rambam), b. Spain, 1138Maimonides (Moses ben Maimon (Rambam), b. Spain, 1138Rambam) on this issue. His outlook is clearly and explicitly presented in two of his Halakhic decisions written by rabbinic authories in response to questions posed to them.responsa. Only someone of his stature could be so daring in confronting a Talmudic text which is clearly not to the liking of such a rationalist. Thus, when asked—twice—about different specific cases by local scholars, who thought that they must not perform a marriage ceremony for a killer-wife, the Rambam expresses his amazement that scholars would fail to distinguish between different categories of prohibition: things that are forbidden by the Torah she-bi-khetav: Lit. "the written Torah." The Bible; the Pentateuch; Tanakh (the Pentateuch, Prophets and Hagiographia)Torah, things forbidden by the sages and things which are termed "reprehensible," makruh—a term borrowed from Islamic legal nomenclature—but not forbidden. The remarriage of the twice-widowed woman is of the third category. According to Maimonides the fear for the third husband's life is in fact tenuous and is based on what could be termed as close to superstition. There can be no comparison, he says, between fear of the killer-wife and fear of a possible death where two brothers already died as a result of circumcision. The latter case is based on a real substantiated threat to life, not on flimsy superstitious coincidence. Therefore Maimonides, who cannot completely nullify the Talmudic statement, advises the couple to betroth themselves privately in front of two witnesses. After their betrothal they should appear before the rabbi, who should now arrange the final stage of the marriage including drawing up a Marriage document (in Aramaic) dictating husband's personal and financial obligations to his wife.ketubbah (marriage contract). Maimonides says in his Halakhic decisions written by rabbinic authories in response to questions posed to them.responsum that this is not an innovation of his but that the foremost rabbis who preceded him in Andalusia acted in such a manner and that since his arrival in Egypt he acts similarly. Besides Rambam's reasoning based on his negative view of the Talmudic basis for the killer-wife prohibition, he also mentions more practical reasons for his decision. He hints at possible harsh consequences if the scholars take a stringent view—perhaps the fear that a woman (especially a young woman) who cannot remarry may convert to Islam or that she will live in sin with another man out of wedlock. Rambam specifically tells the scholars to turn a blind eye to the private betrothal and even to advise the man and woman how to act. The logical consequence of the above, according to Rambam, is that if the marriage is consummated the couple are not obligated to divorce as would be the case in other prohibited marriages. For all intents and purposes Maimonides abolished the Talmudic prohibition of marrying a killer-wife.
This groundbreaking decision of Maimonides was anticipated by a good number of scholars who antedated the Rambam, but not everyone would agree to the far reaching consequences of Maimonides. Therefore many scholars who felt themselves bound to what was said in the Talmud but wanted to take a more lenient view, had to find other paths, mainly through interpretation of the Talmud, paths which would lead to the desired results. But doing so through distinctions and liberal interpretations would never lead to the wholesale abandonment of the Talmudic prohibitions, which was the de facto, if not the de jure, Maimonidean position.
There are scholars who are unwilling to adopt Maimonides' decisions lock, stock and barrel, but are influenced by him and agree with sections of his responsa. Others come to similar conclusions without referring to Maimonides. For example, a good many of the rabbis decided that if the couple nevertheless wed, they would not be forced to divorce. The Talmud says nothing about divorce in the context of the killer-wife so one can be lenient on this score. There are other examples in the Jewish legal system where one should not marry under certain circumstances but ex post facto, if one does marry, the law does not compel a divorce.
Others agree with the view that if the couple has already been betrothed, they may marry. Furthermore, a minority of scholars seem to go even further than Maimonides in rejecting the whole idea outright, stating that times have changed and what was perhaps true in Talmudic times is not relevant for later periods. Others, who do not go so far, are willing to take a lenient stand by explaining that there is no real danger to one's life in marrying a killer-wife but only a remote possibility. Another line of thought goes on to say that one should have faith in God: He will protect the new husband as he protects us from danger in general. Others rely on Rambam's fear that if not permitted to marry, the couple would live together anyway without having officially consummated a marriage; better to permit marriage than have them live in sin.
One cannot overemphasize the fact that the development of Jewish law throughout the ages was possible only by interpretation and reinterpretation and not by legislation as is the case in other legal systems. Since Jews could not and would not legislate—save exceptionally—interpretation was the tool of innovation. No better example of this axiom can be found than by studying closely the words of the rabbis when they discussed the killer-wife: since the undisputed conclusion in the Talmud was the recognition of the killer-wife and the prohibition against marrying her, and since Jewish legal tradition does not allow for disputing a clear-cut Talmudic decision, the only practical way of changing or amending the Talmudic source is through creative interpretation.
The most prominent logical-legal explanation of the lenient view is based on two interpretations of the Talmud. The first is that although it appears that the Talmud prohibits marriage after the death of the second husband, there is also another view which states that the prohibition applies only after three deaths as is the case concerning other presumptions which become valid only after three recurrences. Although it seems that the accepted opinion is the more extreme one of needing only two instances, due to the negative consequences of applying the killer-wife rule one should decide according to the view voiced in the Talmud that a presumption is established only after three deaths.
A second attempt at alleviating the woman's predicament is also made by interpreting the Talmudic text and deciding what the law is, not according to the usual rules of decision-making. As mentioned above, R. Huna explained the reason behind the rule as based on contact with the woman's womb (or "well" in Talmudic parlance) while R. Ashi was of the opinion that it is based on the fact that this particular woman is just an unlucky woman. Usually one would prefer the view of R. Ashi who was the most prominent of the redactors of the Talmud. His view would lead to a more stringent outcome since any death of a husband, no matter what its cause, is counted as a death in our context. According to R. Huna only death which seems to have some link with sexual intimacy of the couple is considered killer-wife death. Since the rabbis felt there was a need to be lenient with the killer-wife, many adopted the view presented by R. Huna, that only deaths linked physically to the woman are to be considered. As a result, many specific examples of death which R. Ashi would include as within the killer-wife rule, were excluded.
According to those scholars who took this legal path, specific example of causes of death which were not part of the killer-wife rule were martyrdom and suicide, plague, traumatic events such as a fall from a tall tree, etc. These examples are the logical outcome of R. Huna's explanation of the killer-wife prohibition. But such examples were extended to include some less directly linked to this explanation, such as death from old age, death after a long period of matrimony or where the husband was extremely ill at the time of his marriage. There is even a view enunciated that if the husband died outside the Land of Israel but the new potential couple want to live in the Land of Israel, the marriage should be allowed. This is analogous to the rule in Jewish law that although a couple who have no children for a period of ten years should divorce, if they make Lit. "ascent." A "calling up" to the Torah during its reading in the synagogue.aliyah to the Land of Israel, their presence in the Land may help and they can try again for another ten years.
The tendency toward leniency seems to be based not only on legal interpretations and judicial policy, but also on extra-legal factors, mainly of a historical nature, which influenced the decision making. The most salient of these outside determinants are part of the milieu of the Middle Ages, a period of extraordinary development of the Jewish legal system. What was decided by the medieval rabbis became precedents for later ages to this day.
The following undoubtedly influenced the attempt to find lenient solutions to the killer-wife rule:
Many husbands went on long and dangerous business journeys and lost their lives, leaving behind them young widows.
Very young women would marry elderly men in arranged marriages. Many times even children, little girls, were given in marriage. These men would die, leaving behind them young widows.
Pogroms and expulsions, including martyrdoms, left many young women widowed.
Plagues, especially the Black Death, decimated populations and left many young widows in the Jewish communities. These events brought to the fore the plight of many young widows who remarried and found themselves widowed once again.
The rise of rationalism in the thirteenth century and the Jews' special interest in rationalism led those influenced by rationalism to look askance on Talmudic passages such as the one concerning the killer-wife. The harshness of deciding according to a strict interpretation of the Talmud seemed excessive to many rabbis in all the above-mentioned circumstances.
In our times the responsa of two leading contemporary respondents deserve mention: R. Moses Feinstein (1895–1986), born in Russia but an American resident for most of his life, until his death close to the end of the twentieth century, and R. Ovadiah Yosef (b. 1920), who was born in Iraq, but has lived in Israel for almost all his life.
Ovadiah Yosef surveys the The legal corpus of Jewish laws and observances as prescribed in the Torah and interpreted by rabbinic authorities, beginning with those of the Mishnah and Talmud.halakhic literature with his well-known
erudition. In the end it appears that he would be willing to adopt the responsa of Rambam without any need for further debate. He is especially influenced by Maimonides's description of the killer-wife rule as based on superstition. Like Rambam, Ovadiah Yosef does not take the fear of death very seriously, following Rambam's distinction between the real danger in the circumcision case and the very doubtful danger in the killer-wife situation.
The example from Moshe Feinstein is somewhat different. The case before him concerned a woman whose first husband had died a natural death in old age and whose second husband died as a result of a fall in a lumberyard. The woman wanted to marry a third time. This case was the springboard for the rabbi's detailed discussion of the killer-wife issue. The main thrust of the responsum is a negation of many of the arguments put forward over the ages to substantiate a lenient attitude. One by one R. Feinstein refutes many of the leniency contentions. One is left with the clear impression that he sees through a good number of the leniency arguments and calls a spade a spade: Many are based on the flimsiest of reasoning, holding water on the basis of neither logic nor law. But in spite of the gist of his response, R. Feinstein too comes to the conclusion that at least in the case before him, the woman should be allowed to remarry. In the end he too adopts two of the leniency arguments, upon which he bases his judgment.
In conclusion, what seemed a more or less clear-cut Talmudic position which under ordinary circumstances would settle the law even unto our times, was rejected almost outright. This was done either by a broad stroke epitomized by Maimonides or through the universal legal process of distinguishing between cases until, as a result of public policy and purposeful interpretation, the law itself was in fact amended. This legal development was due to two major factors. Firstly, many scholars felt that the Talmudic presumption that there is a death pattern in connection with the specific woman was not logical and even superstitious. Secondly, the rabbis did not want to prohibit marriage, especially if the woman was young, on the basis of a questionable rule. However, we must not forget that throughout the ages there was always a school of thought which took the Talmudic precedent very seriously. These scholars felt that there was a real danger of death for the third husband and they did not want to take chances when life and death were at stake. However, in the end the lenient attitude prevailed, as seen from the contemporary responsa of the leading rabbinic scholars of our time, Rabbis Ovadiah Yosef and Moshe Feinstein. Israel's highest rabbinical tribunal dealt with this question and on appeal from a district rabbinical court the Supreme Rabbinical Court decided unanimously that leniency is called for. This is not surprising, since one of the judges who sat on the panel was R. Ovadiah Yosef.
Encyclopedia Article: Benjamin Aron Slonik
Encyclopedia Article: Karaite Women
Encyclopedia Article: Post-Biblical and Rabbinic Women
Encyclopedia Article: Baraita de-Niddah
John Harby2 years ago
R.K. GUY has tons of unsolved problems
Evidence from computer "proofs" would suggest that problems such as the GOLDBACH may have solutions, try alternate forms of integration in known number theoretic equations.
Shilo, Shmuel. "Killer Wife in Jewish Law and Lore." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. 27 February 2009. Jewish Women's Archive. (Viewed on January 22, 2020) <https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/killer-wife-in-jewish-law-and-lore>.


Emcee Unless: The Artist is the Rapper.
Text by Kelsey Doenges. Photos by Bethany Casperite. Art by Dewey Saunders.
Dewey Saunders is a Virgo, and according to him, Virgos are super cute and really good at rapping. They tend to collect old books and they like really strong coffee, with a little bit of cinnamon, a little bit of sugar – organic, raw sugar, and cream – organic cream.
He's probably being a little facetious with the organic stuff but you can never really tell with Dewey, a 28-year old renaissance man of sorts.
He is an accomplished illustrator, graphic designer, painter and hip-hop artist who performs under the alias Emcee Unless a.k.a. Dewey Decibel. In the art world, his illustrations and design work have been published in The New Yorker, Next American City and Under the Radar magazine. In the music world, he has worked with Fabian Thompson and Grammy-nominated producer Rick Friedrich, who is best known for his work with The Roots, Kanye West and Patty Crash.
Today, he sits on a bench in Rittenhouse Square, which is busy with dog walkers, joggers and people placidly sitting and reading. A Knock Steady T-shirt hides underneath his chunky brown cardigan. He wears dark jeans, a baseball cap and sneakers so white they could blind you. Leaning back on a wooden bench, his right leg crossed over the left, he is calm and collected, sitting next to his girlfriend, Bethany Casperite.
"My friend told me to treat this like a job interview," he says with a chuckle as he straightens up and fixes his collar.
His family moved north to Philadelphia when he was in the fourth grade. His mother was originally from the area and the rest of her family lived here. Trips to New York City with his grandmother became a routine event. After studying toy culture at F.A.O. Schwartz, she would take him to The Met and let him wander, consequently lighting a flame under Dewey's artistic side.
Eventually he received a design degree from Tyler School of Art at Temple University, with a focus on illustration. Soon he was getting hired by magazines to create portraits and illustrations to pair with stories but working for big organizations was artistically draining.
Now he is paying more attention to graphic design, working closely with Under the Radar, getting more shows in galleries and building his music career.
His most recent art work was a collaboration with a friend and fellow artist, Brad Haubrich, called, "The Skull, The Bottle, The Flower, The Mountain," at Part-Time Studios in Fishtown.
They have been supporting each other's work for a while but when Brad was approached about curating a show and was strapped for time, he knew that Dewey would be the best person to collaborate with.
Brad carved those images out of wood and the two painted them.
Dewey became interested in hip hop in junior high when one of his friends introduced him to Digable Planets. In class, he would sit and write lyrics instead of taking notes, though he incorporated what the teachers would say into his rhymes. He consistently built his vocabulary, searching for new words he had never heard any rapper use.
The content of his music is much different than the typical rap lyrics about weed, cars, women and bragging.
He unzips his book bag and pulls out a turquoise colored Moleskin journal and opens to a page covered in lyrics. Then, he starts to rap. His lyrics are complicated but his performance is effortless – even sitting on a bench in Rittenhouse Square, performing for an audience of two.
Dewey lived with Rick Friedrich and Fabian Thompson for three years and he attributes much of his development as a musical artist to their close relationships.
Rick, the owner of The Philadelphia Record Company, produced Dewey's first studio album, Memories of the Future, giving him a lot of direction with his song writing and vocal production.
As much as Rick shaped him into a recording artist, Dewey's other close friend and fellow performer, Fabian Thompson, molded Dewey into a stage performer. Dewey was featured in some of Fabian's songs and he's performed at many of Fabian's shows.
The trio are starting their own record label called Bold New Breed. In addition to being a label artist, Dewey is going to be the creative director, designing everyone's album artwork and logos for the label.
Dewey has simple goals for his future.
← Eye Gate II will Psychedelicize Your Show.


text:
Phyllothelys paradoxum es una especie de mantis de la familia Mantidae.

Distribución geográfica
Se encuentra en Birmania.

Referencias

Paradoxum
Mantodeos de Birmania


text:
Interactive graphic: SA's drugs of choice
Laura Grant 03 Jul 2014 12:43
In the Western Cape "tik" or methamphetamine is the problem drug. Tik use is also creeping up in the Eastern Cape. In Gauteng, Limpopo and Mpumalanga, marijuana and heroin are the big two. In KwaZulu-Natal people seeking treatment for heroin abuse seems to be falling, but marijuana is on the rise. Dagga is also the drug of choice in the Free State, Northern Cape and North West.
Although alcohol remains the primary substance of abuse across the country, when it comes to illegal substances, marijuana is the most commonly used among people attending treatment centres.
But there are regional variations in the drugs that are abused in South Africa, research by the South African Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use (Sacendu) shows. It has been collecting information from a growing network of treatment centres since 1996 so it can monitor the nature and extent of alcohol and drug abuse in the country.
Treatment centres in the Western Cape report that methamphetamine now accounts for about 40% of their patients' overall drug use. This proportion has grown from 20% in 2004. In the Eastern Cape tik was the primary substance of abuse in 20% of patients admitted during the first half of last year, up from 3% in 2006, an increase Sacendu describes as "alarming" in its latest research brief.
In Gauteng and the Northern region - which comprises six treatment centres in Mpumalanga and one Polokwane, Limpopo - the proportion of patients admitted for heroin problems increased from 22% to 29% between between July 2012 and June 2013.
Heroin is the base drug in nyaope, a cocktail that includes marijuana and other substances. Sacendu started to hear about nyaope two or three years ago, said Siphokazi Dada, one of the authors of the report. But it is listed as a primary substance of abuse only in Gauteng and only since the second half of 2012, where it accounts for 4%.
At present it is likely that the primary drug of abuse listed for nyaope users who report for treatment is heroin, Dada said. From the beginning of 2014 Sacendu has started to ask patients exactly what drugs they are using. If they are using cocktails such as Nyaope – or Whoonga, another heroin-based cocktail that is used in KwaZulu-Natal – the reports will record this. This information will only be available in October when the reports for the period January to June 2014 will become available.
Use the infographic below to explore drug use around the country.
(Clarification: A caption has been added to the infographic under the How much is each drug being used chart to show that the numbers reflect the proportion of patients admitted to treatment centres who report using the drugs)
Drug edition 2014
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SARASOTA, Fla. — The sold-out crowd of 10,276 at Spectrum Field on Saturday gave Aaron Nola a taste of what to expect on March 28 when he makes his second consecutive opening day start.
The difference for Nola this time around, aside from the incredible hype surrounding this Phillies team, is that he won't be opening on the road.
What's Nola expecting the atmosphere to be like for that 3:05 p.m. game against the Braves?
"Oh, crazy," he said. "Packed house. I haven't opened up in Philly since I've been here. It was a packed house with Bryce yesterday and I'm pretty sure with the hype already, it's gonna be a packed house."
That will be the case at least 81 times this season. Phillies fans came out in droves on Saturday and made the hour trip to Sarasota on Sunday to watch Nola make his second start of the spring against the Orioles.
Nola struck out six over three innings, exiting after a hit began the fourth. He was a bit wild in the first inning, cutting his fastball more than he intended, but he had the curveball working and hit a groove in the second and third innings.
"I think it's gonna take a few more outings, but I'm getting close, I feel like," Nola said.
Monday's game in Clearwater against the Rays will be another capacity crowd, with Bryce Harper expected to make his first start as a Phillie in right field.
And in a few short weeks, the results of Harper's at-bats and Nola's starts will actually matter.
"All we've heard is how great it is with the atmosphere," Nola said. "Jimmy Rollins, Cole Hamels, all those guys, Chooch, Howie, Kyle Kendrick the other day. I would see it on TV, too."


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Bay Area News
Obama's Afghanistan night: A disappointing speech in support of the right policy
Examiner Staff
President Obama's speech on Afghanistan was disappointing. Yes, the policy is right: more troops, a counter-insurgency strategy, a stronger alliance with Pakistan. But the personal commitment of the president to pursue the war against the Taliban and al Qaeda until they are defeated was not there. Obama did not take ownership of the war. It's still the war in Afghanistan, not Obama's War.
Maybe the president wants it that way. It may keep him from experiencing the fate of Lyndon Johnson, whose presidency suffered — indeed was all but destroyed — by his failure in Vietnam. But it will also keep him from gaining the vindication that George Bush has earned for his decision to order a "surge" that allowed America to prevail in Iraq.
I had hoped Obama would declare that nothing will deter him, as commander-in-chief, from prevailing in Afghanistan. But it turns out a lot of things might deter him. He listed a few of them: the cost of the war, its length (if more than 18 months from January 2010), the failure of Afghans to step up to the task sufficiently. He hedged.
Americans and our allies were looking for more, I believe. To have rallied the country and the world, Obama needed to indicate he would lead a fight to win in Afghanistan, with the help of allies if possible, but with the armed forces of the U.S. alone if necessary. He didn't say anything like that. He didn't come close.
The result of the speech, I suspect, will be stagnant but still poor poll numbers here. He may have halted the downward drift of public support for the war for the time being. I doubt he persuaded any NATO countries to deploy more combat troops. Since he didn't give a number — 10,000 has been used by his aides — he must not except very many to be offered.
I couldn't be the only person who thought Obama once again both scapegoated and slighted George W. Bush. Early on in his administration, Obama recalled that he had agreed to a "longstanding request for more troops" in Afghanistan, implying that Bush had turned that request down. I don't think that's quite accurate.
And Obama praised the military for the success of the "surge" in Iraq without mentioning the person who — against the advice of nearly everyone in Washington — ordered that troop increase, Bush. Obama tacitly acknowledged the surge had worked, though he didn't seem to remember that he'd insisted that it would worsen conditions in Iraq.
Despite the shortcomings of the speech, Obama made the right policy decision. He deserves credit for that. It won't go down well with the antiwar, pacifist left wing of his party. That's not only his base. It's his political home. Up to now, the president hadn't done anything to upset any of the constituency groups of the Democratic party. Now he has. Thank heavens for that.
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Gin /
Whitley Neill Gin 5cl Miniature
50ml / 42%
Whitley Neill Gin is created by Johnny Neill and made in England but inspired by Africa. Created using 9 botanicals including the fruit of the Baobab tree and Cape gooseberry native to Africa, creating the flavours of Africa in a bottle.
More From Whitley Neill
Whitley Neill is a London dry gin made in England but inspired by Africa. Created by Johnny Neill, who has 5 generations of alcohol distilling experience with his family owning the Greenall Whitley distillery dating back to 1762. Johnny had always wanted to create his own product range and it wasn't until he was inspired by his wife to put a new spin on the gin world. Having a strong connection with his wife's homeland of Africa, Johnny wanted to put the essence of Africa in his gin.
The Baobab tree is known as the tree of life, bearing fresh fruit that when distilled in gin, gives a real taste and experience of Africa. The Baobab fruit brings a balance to the flavours of the other 8 botanicals including the other Botanical that is from Africa, the Cape gooseberry. These are the two botanicals that bring the essence of Africa to the gin and the other 7 are your usual suspects, Juniper berries, Coriander seeds, angelica root, lemon peel, orange peel, cassia bark, Florentine iris (orris root).
Although the botanicals used are blended to bring the spirit of Africa to the gin, the distillation and blending method is English. The blending of the botanicals is done using 100% grain spirit and only the purest water. The method used is Batch distillation which takes place in a small copper pot still and it is only produced in small batches.
Since the release of this African inspired gin, it has won double gold medal at the San Francisco World Spirits Competition in 2007 and a gold medal for 'Best in Class' international wine & spirits competition 2007.