text:
uBio
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo vol.61 São Paulo 2019 Epub 14-Fev-2019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961005
Reading of the Mitsuda test: comparison between diameter and total area by means of a computerized method
Edilamar Silva de Alecrim1 2
Ana Thereza Chaves1
Luiz Alberto Bomjardim Pôrto2
Maria Aparecida de Faria Grossi3 4
Sandra Lyon2 4
Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha1
1Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
2Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Ambulatório de Dermatologia, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Brazil
3Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
4Faculdade de Saúde e Ecologia Humana (FASEH), Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, Brazil
The Mitsuda test is a skin test based on the individual's immune response through late and highly specific hypersensitivity reaction to the Mycobacterium leprae bacillus. A negative reaction identifies individuals who present a higher risk of becoming ill if exposed to M. leprae and, if they become ill, to develop the virchowian form of disease. The Mitsuda test reading is performed by means of a millimeter ruler. The dermatoscopy is a method that has not been used in the evaluation of cutaneous tests, although its use has increased in several areas. The study aimed to compare the results between the standardized reading and the total area of the Mitsuda test obtained by a computerized method which was structured by the association of digital dermatoscopy, the Dermatology Web system and the Image Tool 3.0 software. Data collection was performed at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the Eduardo de Menezes Hospital, in Belo Horizonte, from November 2015 to August 2016. The sample consisted of 100 leprosy domiciliary contacts. There was an excellent agreement between the Mitsuda test (diameter and area), with a coefficient greater than 80%, and an excellent correlation with the Spearman's correlation coefficient (0.936). The intraclass correlation coefficient indicated a low (0.219) but significant agreement between the two measurements. In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between the standardized reading and the total area of the Mitsuda test. Digital dermoscopy can be an alternative instrument of evaluation, allowing the computerization and recording of the Mitsuda test.
Key words: Leprosy; Mitsuda test; Dermatoscopy
The Mitsuda test is a skin reaction based on a delayed individual hypersensivity response of cellular type and high-specificity against the Mycobacterium leprae bacillus. It shows the ability of macrophages to digest bacilli that have been phagocytosed. A positive reaction indicates that a person's macrophages are capable of destroying Hansen's bacilli. A negative reaction identifies individuals who, if exposed to M. leprae, present a higher risk of becoming ill and, if they become ill, of developing the virchowian form of disease. The test helps classifying patients with leprosy of the indeterminate and dimorphic groups. Macroscopic and histological responses to Mitsuda test are very similar between contacts and patients1.
The Mitsuda test reading was standardized at the Madrid International Congress in 1953. The reading technique is performed using a millimeter ruler, and the value is obtained from the mean of the largest diameters2.
Aside from the Mitsuda test applicability in clinical practice for the classification of patients with leprosy, the test makes it possible to identify contacts that may develop virchowian leprosy and also to adopt preventive actions for contacts with negative reactions3. This justifies its use from a clinical and epidemiological point of view.
Considering that the Mitsuda test is not a well delimited circle in every case and can manifest as an irregular area, we sought to verify if there is a congruence between the traditional form of measurement and the measurement of the total area of reaction. The objective was to compare the results between the standardized reading and the total area of the Mitsuda test obtained by a computerized method. By using this procedure, one could correlate the two forms of measurement with the quality of the cellular immune response in new studies.
In order to allow the recording of the Mitsuda test reading and the calculation of the area, a computerized method was adopted structured associating the digital dermatoscopy, the Dermatology Web system and the Image Tool 3.0 software.
Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic method in vivo that assists in the evaluation of pigmented skin lesions. It is also referred to as surface microscopy, dermoscopy or epiluminescence microscopy. It allows the observation of structures of the epidermis, the dermoepidermal junctionand the papillary and superficial reticular dermis which are not observable by the naked eye4-6.
The device used to perform the examination is the dermatoscope, a portable instrument that allows the standard increase of an image. The digital dermatoscope is a portable device that allows an image to be recorded through a digital camera. The image can be increased approximately 70-fold maintaining its definition and allowing it to be captured and stored5-8.
The primary indication for the dermatoscopy is to establish the early diagnosis of melanoma and assist in the differential diagnosis of melanocytic skin lesions. In recent years, the use of dermatoscopy has been increasing in various areas5,7,8 and it may also be more useful in the context of leprosy.
The Dermatology Web system is used for the photographic documentation of dermatological treatments and encompasses photo storage functionality. It consists of a digital image system that can be used on any mobile platform or computer connected to the Internet. It has the login password feature and information technology tools that ensure the security and confidentiality of data stored in medical records9.
The area calculation was performed using the Image Tool 3.0 software. This software was developed at the University of Texas for Microsoft Windows. It has several tools that allow the user to view, edit, analyze, process, save and print grayscale or color images10.
In view of the above, this study intends to contribute to innovation and optimization of the Mitsuda's test use, besides contributing to the development of new related studies.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This research was carried out according to the Resolution 466/12 of the Brazilian National Health Council - Guidelines and norms regulating research involving human beings. The project was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of UFMG, according to CAAE Nº 2554988016000005149 and by the Ethics Committee of Eduardo de Menezes Hospital.
Data collection was performed at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of Eduardo de Menezes Hospital, in Belo Horizonte, from November 2015 to August 2016. The sample consisted of leprosy household contacts.
The Mitsuda antigen bottles were kindly provided by the Immunology Technical Team of Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, Sao Paulo. Mitsudine is a suspension of intact bacilli obtained from hansenomas of previously non-treated patients and heat-killed. The concentration was 6.0 × 107 (60 million bacilli / mL) or 6.0 × 106 bacilli in the inoculum corresponding to 100 uL (0.1 mL).
After signing the consent form, 0.1 mL of the Mitsuda antigen was administered in the middle third of the anterior face of the right forearm of the contacts. They were instructed to return after 21-28 days to read the test. The Mitsuda reaction was read according to the following protocol.
Standard reading
To identify the induration area after observation of the appearance of the reaction, palpation of the test application site, delimitation of the outer edges and positioning of the millimeter ruler to measure transverse and horizontal diameters were conducted. If erythema was observed beyond the limits of induration, it was not considered in the measurement. Diameters were then recorded in medical records and in the research records. The test was considered positive if the mean diameter was greater than or equal to five millimeters, and negative if the value was less than five millimeters.
Reading with computerized method
A Dino-LiteAM4113ZT dermatoscope featuring 1.3 Mega Pixel resolution and USB 2.0 interface (Figure 1) was used. The digital dermatoscope was brought close to the skin of the contact and a record of the Mitsuda test reaction was made by means of the software Dermatologia web (Figure 2).
Figure 1 Dino-LiteAM4113ZT dermatoscope which features 1.3 Mega Pixel resolution and USB 2.0 interface.
Figure 2 - Software dermatologia web: this system is used for photographic documentation of dermatological treatments and encompasses photo storage functionality.
The web dermatology platform can be accessed at www.dermatologiaweb.com.br9 upon accessing the platform and logging in. Then, the reaction was recorded according to the sequence described below:
register data of the individual;
select the dermoscopy option;
record the characteristics of the reaction;
select the body area where the reaction is present;
capture the image by dermatoscope;
save the data.
After the digital recording of the reaction, the area calculation was performed using the Image Tool 3.0 software. This software has the ability to calibrate the image in millimeters, provided that the image has been recorded with a millimeter ruler close to the reaction.
After performing the delineation of the contours of the reaction, the program presents the result of the total area in square millimeters10. The technique for area calculation is described below:
open the program, click file, open image;
the selected image will be displayed;
select the settings, select the calibrate spacial measurements;
identify in the ruler the correspondence to one millimeter, enter the value to be calibrated: one millimeter;
select "analysis" select the area;
select the area to be calculated;
after the selection, the program will calculate the delimited area;
record the area and save the calculation: file/save as (Figure 3).
Figure 3 - The calculation of the Mitsuda test area using the Image Tool 3.0 software.
Evaluation of results
In order to evaluate the agreement between the area of the Mitsuda test obtained from dermatoscopy and the area obtained from mathematical calculations, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was used because it is a numerical variable. Estimations of the coefficients with respective Confidence Intervals of 95% (95% CI) were performed.
An excellent agreement was observed, with a coefficient over 80% and an excellent correlation between the Mitsuda test (diameter and area), according to the Spearman's correlation coefficient (0.936). This result indicates that an increase in Mitsuda test area is associated with an increase in the diameter of the Mitsuda test (Table 1). The intraclass correlation coefficient indicated a significant, although low (0.219) agreement between the two measurements. Areas between 18.56 mm2 to 19.55 mm2 corresponded to the result of 5 mm in the conventional reading.
Table 1 - Correlation and concordance between measurements of the Mitsuda test area and the standardized reading in leprosy contacts, HEM Ambulatory, 2015-2016.
Mitsuda test area (mm2) x Mitsuda (mm)
Spearman Correlation 0.936 <0.001
Intra-Class Correlation (Concordance) 0.219 0.014
A significant correlation was observed between the two readings of the Mitsuda's test (diameter and area), according to the Spearman's correlation coefficient (0.936).
The computerized technique to obtain the Mitsuda test area can be used as an alternative to the reading of the Mitsuda test, since it presents an excellent correlation with the standardized reading. The low agreement observed can be related to the variability of the results in the calculation of the total area, which varied between 0 and 79 square millimeters (mm2), while the measurement by the diameter generally vary from 0 to 10 millimeters.
The use of computerized tools offers possibilities for collecting and storing information, facilitates scientific researchand contributes to clinical practice11,12. This method provides computerization of the record, to the watchfulness of leprosy contacts and to the structuring of new research related to Mitsuda's test. This method of analysis enables the registration, computerization and greater precision of results. The advantage of using the area calculation with the computerized method is that it can be a useful tool to improve reading precision and it allows the computerization of records. By means of computerized methodology one can obtain both, the diameters mean and the total area of the Mitsuda test.
Regarding the watchfulness of leprosy contacts, the Mitsuda test could be a cost-effective method to evaluate the cellular immunity, when compared to other immunological tests.
The application of this method has potential for the immune response evaluation in leprosy patients and contacts. The registration of the Mitsuda test is important for the monitoring of leprosy contacts, mainly of the ones with greater risk of illness. The image registration can be used for mapping in order to identify in the contact population, and hose who would probably have lower cellular immunity responses in relation to leprosy. This would be a direct contribution to the epidemiological watchfulness of contacts.
According to the results of the present study, this method can be used in reference centers of leprosy. However, it can be extended to other health services. In Brazil, the implementation of Tele Saúde in the Computerization System of the National Immunization Policy is an example that it is possible to work with technological tools in the cities13,14.
The proposed technique has an innovative aspect not only to evaluate the Mitsuda test, but also in the scientific field. From the computerized reading, new perspectives on the interpretation of the test can be evaluated and discussed as well as the evaluation of the total area in immunological or genetic studies.
Since leprosy is a neglected disease15, additional efforts of the scientific community and health services need to be made so that new methods and technologies can be inserted in its prevention and control.
We are thankful for Vânia Nieto Brito de Souza, from Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil, for providing the Mitsuda antigen. This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq Nº 474796/2012-4), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG- Nº PMM-00501-13) and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG).
1. Bechelli LM, Souza PR, Quagliato R. Correlação entre os resultados da leitura clínica e do exame histopatológico da reação de Mitsuda. Rev Bras Leprol. 1959;27:172-82. [ Links ]
2. Wade HW, Prieto JG, Vegas M, Basombrio G, Cochrane RG, Khanolhar VR, et al. Classification. Int J Lepr. 21:504-16. [ Links ]
3. Convit J, Avila JL, Goihman M, Pinardi ME. A test for the determination of competency in clearing bacilli in leprosy patients. Bull World Health Organ. 1972;46:821-6. [ Links ]
4. Argenziano G, Soyer HP, Chimenti S, Talamini R, Corona R, Sera F, et al. Dermoscopy of pigmented skin lesions: results of a consensus meeting via the internet. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48:679-93. [ Links ]
5. Azulay RD, Azulay DR. Dermatologia. 3ª ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2004. [ Links ]
6. Campos-do-Carmo G, Ramos-e-Silva M. Dermoscopy: basic concepts. Int J Dermatol. 2008;47:712-9. [ Links ]
7. Morales-Callaghan AM, Castrodeza-Sanz J, Martínez-García G, Peral-Martínez I, Miranda-Romero A. Estudio de correlación clínica, dermatoscópica e histopatológica de nevus melanocíticos atípicos. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2008;99:380-9. [ Links ]
8. Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA. Dermatologia. 3ª ed. rev. ampl. São Paulo: Artes Médicas; 2008. [ Links ]
9. Porto LA. DermatologiaWeb: um software para os dermatologistas. [cited 2018 Jun11]. Available from: http://drluizporto.com.br/dermascopiaweb-um-softwares-para-os-dermatologistas/ [ Links ]
10. Sousa AT, Vasconcelos JM, Soares MJ. Software Image Tool 3.0 as an instrument for measuring wounds. J Nurs UFPE On Line. 2012;6:2569-73. [ Links ]
11. Wechsler R, Anção MS, Campos CJ, Sigulem D. Computer science in the doctor's office. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2003;79 Suppl 1:S3-12. [ Links ]
12. Wyatt JC, Liu JL. Basic concepts in medical informatics. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002;56:808-12. [ Links ]
13. Maldonado JM, Marques AB, Cruz A. Telemedicine: challenges to dissemination in Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2016;32 Suppl 2:e00155615. [ Links ]
14. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Gabinete do Ministro. Portaria nº 2.363, de 18 de outubro de 2012. Institui repasse financeiro do Fundo Nacional de Saúde aos Fundos de Saúde dos Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios, por meio do Piso Variável de Vigilância e Promoção da Saúde, para fomento na implantação do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (SI-PNI) e Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), no âmbito das unidades de saúde. [cited 2018 Nov 28]. Available from: http://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/saudelegis/gm/2012/prt2363_18_10_2012.html [ Links ]
15. World Health Organization. Integrating neglected tropical diseases into global health and development: fourth WHO report on neglected tropical diseases. Geneva: WHO; 2017. [cited 2018 Oct 20]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/255011/1/9789241565448-eng.pdf?ua=1 [ Links ]
Recebido: 30 de Agosto de 2018; Aceito: 29 de Novembro de 2018
Correspondence to: Edilamar Silva de Alecrim Hospital Eduardo de Menezes, Ambulatório de Dermatologia, Rua Doutor Cristiano Rezende, 2213, CEP 30622-020, Bonsucesso, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Tel: +55 31 33285056 E-mail: edilamarenf@yahoo.com.br
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470
05403-000 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
Tel. +55 11 3061-7005
revimtsp@usp.br


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Home/News/C.H.A.M.P. Camp Back in Graceville
C.H.A.M.P. Camp Back in Graceville
GRACEVILLE, Fla- It's time for the 2nd annual C.H.A.M.P. Camp at Graceville High School this week. It's a football camp hosted by Anthony "Champ" Kelly, a Graceville alum, who is the assistant director of pro personnel for the Denver Broncos. Kelly wants to continue to give back to the kids in his hometown and beyond.
Last summer Champ Kelly started the C.H.A.M.P. camp to show young football players the fundamentals of the game, and to also teach them about more than just football.
"Just talk about life skills," Champ Kelly said. "Accountability, just encouragement. About being tough, being reliable."
Champ and his coaches are back for year number two, which they hope will doubles the first.
"We've gone to Dothan Alabama to encourage some of those kids to come out. We had a chance to go to some schools here in Panama city to encourage those kids to come out. So we're excited about this year, hoping to double the turnout from a year ago in Graceville," added Kelly.
Champ is not alone in this venture. He brings in several coaches and former players to give these children a chance to learn from people who have been where they want to go. People like Eric Kelly, a Bay High alum and former Kentucky Wildcat, who played in the NFL.
"Just to be able to help the kids out and give them an opportunity to understand what it takes to achieve their goals, whether it's being an athlete or a doctor or lawyer," Eric Kelly said. "Whatever it may be. Just being able to give the kids in my area, that don't get that opportunity on an every day basis, a chance to meet someone who's done it before."
The goal of the camp is to help develop character, heart, attitude, motivation and pride, and if last year's results are any indication it looks like their mission is being accomplished.
The camp is for kids ages 10 to 17. It starts on Thursday and runs through Friday. You can register until the morning of the camp.
Kelly also played host to a camp in Kentucky last week. For more information on the camp and how to register visit the C.H.A.M.P. Camp website below.
By erika|2018-08-14T10:10:36-06:00June 30th, 2011|News|Comments Off on C.H.A.M.P. Camp Back in Graceville
About the Author: erika

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


These instructions are for encouraging living beneficial bacterial to take-up residence in your plant's roots.
To begin your compost tea, you must start with a good compost. Best results come from the Ancient Forest ready-made compost from gardening centers, but in a pinch you could use stuff you make in your own backyard. Compost is made from decaying organic plant matter – and you can put everything from yard trimmings to vegetable waste in your compost pile.
This tea will work wonders on your outdoor crops as well!!
I recommend the following ingredients for a 3-5 gallon size batch of tea.
AZOMITE® trace minerals "rock dust"
3-5 Gallon Bucket - cleaned cat litter container works great!
Optional: 3-4" ABS Coupler or something similar that can be used in the same way.
Add a healthy handful of the compost/hummus.
Tie the stocking closed with a simple knot.
Fill the bucket with water and move to a place where it will be out of the way for the next 1-3 days but will also have access to an electrical outlet for the air pump. Kitchen, washroom, or garage?
Using the nylon or PVC tubing that fits the air pump connect it to the air stone(s).
Add the air stone(s) to the bucket.
Plug in and run the air pump continuously.
Use the lid or tie-off the stocking so that the compost mixture will soak in the bubbling water bucket.
Step 3: Keep It Clean and Brew-up More Tea!
Whether you are using compost teas from your garden or purchasing compost teas from garden stores and specialty retailers, there are a few things to remember before you start using them in your hydroponic systems. For one, compost teas contain organic material – and they are inherently a vector for fungus and bacteria because they contain live culture of both from the decomposition process. In short-term hydroponic grows, this is fine – since you'll probably harvest your plants long before the microbe concentration builds up to an intolerable level – but compost teas aren't suitable for constant use over a long time horizon. You will need to flush between growing cycles and plant changes and also check your nutrient lines to make certain that they are not clogged by algae. Like all nutrients, compost teas should be diluted before they are put into your hydroponics system – so treat them as though they were store-bought nutrient solutions and add water until the PPM range is approximately what it would be for the store-bought nutrients.
Check out the Garden Controller project!!
Awesome instructable! I also make mine with blackstrap, alpha meal ( derives the same compounds as super thrive) and worm castings. if I feel like feeding a thanksgiving meal to my babies I add emulsified fish and seaweed. keep growing!


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PM Samaras Says Avoiding More Austerity Top Priority
Prime Minister Antonis Samaras said avoiding new austerity measures to fulfill targets in the country's international bailout is a top priority of his two-party coalition government.
"Our immediate priority is to return to recovery ahead of time, defeat unemployment, bring in investment, avoid new measures and create jobs for the youth," Samaras told ministers at their first cabinet meeting, as quoted by Reuters. "We have no choice but to succeed and we are determined to succeed."
Samaras reshuffled his cabinet on Monday, after the smallest party in the ruling coalition quit over the closure of state TV, leaving him with a small majority in parliament.
Dendias: Greece will continue to raise Turkey's behaviour with EU partners and at international forums
Fixed rate for 80% of mortgages, as demand rises
Minimum wage rise debate to begin within this month


It's Christmas at Esokia Breakfast Contest !
Christmas is coming, it's cold at Esokia, and the Christmas tree is come back on the office. This Friday 9th December 2016, no connected games under the Christmas tree, but another kind of surprise... the last breakfast of our #EsokiaBreakfastContest !
Our developers leaved their screens for a moment to discover a new atmosphere with Christmas wreaths, Christmas tree baubles and other Christmas tree decorations. Thanks to Sundeep, Chitresh, Theo, Yaasin, Jean-Paul, Samir, Terence et Elise for this feast.
A contest that ends on a festive and gourmand note as all the breakfasts of this contest. Results are coming !


A oriental concept for a Chinese company, the Chinese on the card mean prosperity.
Your no#1 Oriental China Business Card to catch your clients attention? To make them remember and outshine from the rest of the Boring cards in their holder? You get this right today!
Purchase Oriental China Business Card now!


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Two straphangers in critical condition after falling between subway cars in Manhattan, Queens
By Clayton Guse and Thomas Tracy
Two men were in critical condition after they fell between subway cars and were struck by the train in separate incidents in the Upper West Side and Queens, officials said Tuesday. (D. Reed / New York Daily News / XX)
Two men were in critical condition after they fell between subway cars and were struck by trains on the Upper West Side and Queens, police said Tuesday.
In the first deadly slip up, a 32-year-old man tripped while walking between cars on an R train leaving Queen's Elmhurst Ave. station about 11 p.m. Monday, authorities said.
The train ran over him, severing his left foot and mangling his arms, legs, toes and face, cops said. Medics rushed him in critical condition to Elmhurst Hospital where doctors were expected to amputate some of his man destroyed limbs.
About two hours later and 10 miles away, an unidentified man walking between cars on a No. 1 train entering the W. 79th St. station on the Upper West Side slipped and fell under its wheels.
He was taken to Mount Sinai St. Luke's in critical condition with a deep cut to his head, internal bleeding and multiple bone fractures, police said.
"These incidents are reminders of how dangerous it is to walk between train cars without supervision, and of the difficult job that train crews and first responders have keeping New York moving around the clock," MTA spokesman Shams Tarek said.
In January the MTA began a public service campaign to dissuade people from walking between subway cars after seven people tumbled onto the tracks and died in 2018 — two more deaths than the year before.
A 76-year-old man was struck by a train after he fell onto the tracks from the No. 4/5/6 platform at Grand Central station at 3:10 a.m. Tuesday, cops said.
He was taken to Bellevue Hospital for treatment and evaluation.
Latest NYC Crime


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Tucker County Grand Jury Hands Down Four Indictments
in Top Stories
The Tucker County Grand Jury met of Tuesday, June 2 and handed down four separate indictments.
Philip A. Phillips, Sr, of Davis, was originally indicted in February, but those charges were dismissed in March because of incorrect information in the original indictment. Those charges could not be brought up again because they were dismissed without prejudice.
On Tuesday, Phillips was charged with three counts of second degree sexual assault, one count of first degree sexual abuse, six counts sexual abuse by parent or guardian and two counts third degree abuse.
James Waybright, of Parsons, was indicted on one count of first degree sexual assault. Waybright allegedly had intercourse with the victim on July 4, 2013 after she told him she did not want to have sex with him.
Charles W. Miller, Jr., of Thomas, was indicted on three counts of sexual assault in the thrird degree, three counts of abuse of an incapicated person and three counts of sexual abuse by parent or guardian.
George Heihl was indicted for reporting a false claim. He is currently house in the Tygart Valley Regional Jail but the Defendant and State agree that Keihl should undergo an independent psychiatric evaluation to see if he is a likely candidate for probation.
All defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.
St. George Days plans underway
City of Parsons Will Not be Using Cameras for Traffic Control


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Khaosan Road BarSharon Kaserer2019-05-17T11:54:34+07:00
Khaosan at night is renowned for its anything-goes reputation. You can get up to all sorts of shenanigans. Dance the night away in the middle of the street. Drink up on endless buckets of mystery cocktails. Meet and mingle with fellow travellers from all over the world. But there's more than initially meets the eye! There's been a change on the scene, and not every Khaosan road bar is the same. Streats Bar & Bistro is one of them, set to expand minds on what is available in the neighbourhood. There's literally a bar for every taste, thanks to a recent upswing in the nightlife scene.
BANGKOK OLD TOWN BY NIGHT
No time like the present for an unforgettable night on the town! Say goodbye to the tired old clichés of Khaosan road bar stories of the past years. Now, it's all about a nightlife that brims with character. Unique bars and drinking spots call out to be explored. From local roof top bars to cool jazz clubs in an intimate setting, it's never been cooler to be in this part of town.
WHY STREATS?
Streats Bar & Bistro is part of the cool crowd. Spend your days and nights hanging out with the crew at Streats, where the drinks flow easy and the vibes are chill. Open from 8 am til late, feel at home every time you come to Streats. It's a Khaosan road bar for friends! Pick a comfy area on one of the couches or bean bags, or perch alluringly by the bar and people-watch. There's air-conditioning, too! The large screens often play the match of the night to keep the footie fanatics occupied. Come on the nights the house band The Mixed 'N Trio is playing their infectiously good sets and you'll be singing right alongside them.
DRINKS, SNACKS & MORE
When it comes to drinks, the bartenders at Streats have you covered and then some! From draught beer to spirits and cocktails of every sort. There's even mocktails and freshly blended fruit-shakes for those teetotallers! Our recommendation? The bucket-sized XXL Streats signature cocktails, perfect for sharing! Also, don't say we didn't tell you— remember to check the official website for what promotions and happy hours are available. Need some sustenance with your fluid intake? The bistro-style cuisine should make even the pickiest of eaters happy. Partake in oven-fresh pizzas, or Thai fusion dishes like the signature lobster pad thai. There are even late-night specials for all you night owls out there.
BARS BEYOND KHAOSAN
With that said, still feeling like exploring what else Bangkok nightlife has to offer? Or have you seen The Hangover Part II a few too many times? Of course, the Big Mango has more up its sleeve than a Khaosan road bar. There's a club or bar catering to virtually every music genre, along with pop-up experiences and music festivals.
Here are some must try experiences:
A true blue sky bar. It needs to be at least 20 stories up, or it doesn't count! Bangkok has no one true skyline, so you can pick and choose which vista you prefer. Or go by budget, notoriety or location. Great skyline and cocktail pictures are guaranteed, no matter which one you choose!
A hidden bar. Explore a traditional speakeasy with a hidden entrance or a more modern take on theme. It's perfect for people who need a bit of a challenge, but want a glass of something strong as their reward.
A themed bar. You know, the sky's the limit and the themes are more creative than ever! Chinoiserie, tropical themed, retro or slick—pick a theme out of a hat and there's likely a bar like that in Bangkok.
A packed clubbing joint. Craving some strobing lights and a throbbing sound system? You're in the right spot in Bangkok! Pick your music genre and get ready to party!
BANGKOK BY NIGHT: BIGGER THAN YOU THINK
Remember that even though Bangkok's notorious traffic is less at night, it's not entirely gone. As mentioned above, there's not just one ultimate Bangkok nightlife destination. If you plan on bar-hopping around different neighbourhoods, you might spend more time in transit than having a good time. Let's face it, no one enjoys spending minutes and hours locked in traffic. Maybe the journeys to and fro might not feel worth it. But here's the thing, you might find yourself yearning for the down-home vibes of your favourite Khaosan road bar. If that's the case, head back into the welcome embrace of Streats Bar & Bistro! The team is always ready for you and a fun night out.
PARK IN PEACE IN BANGKOK'S OLD TOWN
So if you're committed to your car, the next question is where to park it. Never fear, that's where the best car park in Khaosan comes in. The car park in ibis Styles Bangkok Khaosan Viengtai is the most convenient choice. Well-lit, with 5 floors and ample space for 150 cars. Guests at Streats Bar & Bistro can relax and know that for every THB 300 spent, you get 5 hours of free parking. From there, the world is your shimmering oyster. Spend the night roaming and making new memories, knowing your car is safe and sound. Convenience has truly never been easier! Also, if you're having too much fun at this Khaosan road bar, just spend the night! The signature SweetBed in each of the 215 rooms of the hotel is waiting for you.
khaosan-road-bar-streats-bangkok-khaosan


Friday, 12/9: We've got a great start here, and thank you to those who said they're working on their posts now! Please jump in!
Hello, Poets and lovers of poetry (and the rest of you out there)!
Now, a cool thing about this contest is that your favorite poem may be a stand-alone you discovered — not necessarily by your favorite poet. And the answer to the question "Why?" is the critical piece. Why did you choose this poet? Why this particular poem? What is it that resonates with you, or just won't let go?
UPDATE: Try to keep your responses to a few paragraphs. That said, if you have strong feelings and more words to say, consider whether you'd like to do a guest post on our blog to expand and share your thoughts.
We anticipate serious arm-wrestling and shouting by the end, as we select the ONE set of responses we feel best captures the essence of why we write, what moves us, creates unforgettable imagery . . . and we'd like your help to drive us nuts in this process. The winner will receive a copy of Lifelines, mailed to your house.
And, if you have a blog or website and would be interested in connecting to us or spreading the word, please let us know. We're starting a blogroll.
So — thank you for reading this, and we hope you will have some fun and enter our contest.


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Uniqueness. The question here is to know whether the measurements uniquely determine the unknown quantity to be recovered. This theoretical issue is a preliminary step in the study of any inverse problem and can be a hard task.
Stability. When uniqueness is ensured, the question of stability, which is closely related to sensitivity, deserves special attention. Stability estimates provide an upper bound for the parameter error given some uncertainty on data. This issue is closely related to the so-called observability inequality in systems theory.
Reconstruction. Inverse problems being usually ill-posed, one needs to develop specific reconstruction algorithms which are robust to noise, disturbances and discretization. A wide class of methods is based on optimization techniques.
Driven by applications, the identification problem for systems of infinite dimension described by evolution PDE has seen in the last three decades a fast and significant growth. The unknown to be recovered can be the (initial/final) state (e.g. state estimation problems , , ,  for the design of feedback controllers), an input (for instance source inverse problems , , ) or a parameter of the system. These problems are generally ill-posed and many regularization approaches have been developed. Among the different methods used for identification, let us mention optimization techniques ( ), specific one-dimensional techniques (like in ) or observer-based methods as in .
In the last few years, we have developed observers to solve initial data inverse problems for a class of linear systems of infinite dimension. Let us recall that observers, or Luenberger observers , have been introduced in automatic control theory to estimate the state of a dynamical system of finite dimension from the knowledge of an output (for more references, see for instance  or ). Using observers, we have proposed in ,  an iterative algorithm to reconstruct initial data from partial measurements for some evolution equations.We are deepening our activities in this direction by considering more general operators or more general sources and the reconstruction of coefficients for the wave equation. In connection with this problem, we study the stability in the determination of these coefficients. To achieve this, we use geometrical optics, which is a classical albeit powerful tool to obtain quantitative stability estimates on some inverse problems with a geometrical background, see for instance , .
where L is a given partial differential operator describing the physical phenomenon under consideration (typically a second order differential operator), B the (possibly unknown) operator describing the boundary condition on the boundary of the heterogeneity and f the exterior source used to probe the medium. The question is then to recover the shape of ω and/or the boundary operator B from some measurement Mu on the outer boundary ∂Ω. This setting includes in particular inverse scattering problems in acoustics and electromagnetics (in this case Ω is the whole space and the data are far field measurements) and the inverse problem of detecting solids moving in a fluid. It also includes, with slight modifications, more general situations of incomplete data (i.e. measurements on part of the outer boundary) or penetrable inhomogeneities. Our approach to tackle this type of problems is based on the derivation of a series expansion of the input-to-output map of the problem (typically the Dirchlet-to-Neumann map of the problem for the Calderón problem) in terms of the size of the obstacle.


I love keeping the herbed cream cheese made up in the fridge so that I can spread it on all sorts of things including sandwiches, these naan pizzas, and so much more! It's so yummy and flavorful that it takes an ordinary sandwich or wrap and turns it into something special! This recipe is a take on the classic bagel and lox that I love so much and I'm sure you do too! It's a great way to get the same fix at home, especially if you don't have a good bagel shop near by!
I buy store bought naan bread, char it, and then spread the cream cheese when it is still warm and crispy, then top with delicious smoked salmon, crisp cucumbers, and fresh dill! It's the best recipe to make for any brunch or breakfast, while staying simple enough to make any day of the week! These pizzas would be perfect for any Easter brunch addition or would be fabulous for a baby or wedding shower too!
Whatever time of day you decide to make them, I know that you are going to love these pizzas as much as I do!
Toast the naan bread by placing it directly onto a gas burner or on the grill to char on both sides. You can also toast in the oven until slightly crisp.
Spread a good amount of cream cheese mixture over bread, then top with cucumbers, lox, and red onion.
Sprinkle with more fresh dill and more cracked pepper if desired.
The next time your bagel craving hits and you can't make it to the bagel shop, give my easy lox and herbed cream cheese naan pizzas a try instead! You will love them!


For the past month or so I've been having problems with what I first thought was my achilles but it would appear to be between the achilles and sticky out bit of the ankle. It's quite difficult to pin-point as I can only really feel it when I'm running or slightly while walking. Possibly the posterior tibial tendon? The pattern seems to be: mild discomfort during run, a bit tender the next day and the day after that it's fine.
During the 10m race last Sunday I developed some tightness in my right calf (soleus?). Walking back to the car wasn't much fun even though it was only 0.25m. I'm presuming these things must be linked.
My legs were drained and tired up until Wednesday but I decided to take I an extra day off and went for a run on Thursday evening after work – just a little tester to see how my legs were feeling in general and to see how my ankle felt afterwards. I could feel it during the run… quite uncomfortable but managed the 5k easily enough.
In the morning the ankle was a bit sore but it eased within a couple of hours. By the time I'd got home from work I felt it was good enough run on. So last night I ran 6m at an easy pace with the ankle ache coming on between miles 2 and 4… with the last 2 ache free. hmm.
I iced the area when I got home and today it's feeling pretty much the same as yesterday… a bit stiff and sore coming downstairs early-on but it's mid-day now and while it feels okay I can still "feel it" while walking.
Tomorrow is supposed to be long run day and I'm due a 13-15 miler so I might have to cut that short. I shall see how it feels in the morning.
This entry was posted on Saturday, September 10th, 2011 at 1:19 pm	and is filed under Aches and Pains, General Topics. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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text:
Preach This Week
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Fourth Sunday after Epiphany
The reading for this Sunday continues to build upon the vision of community developed in the previous two Sundays. Once again it will thus be helpful to read my comments for the Second Sunday of Epiphany with their introduction to the Corinthian themes that underlie the argument here.
Commentary on 1 Corinthians 13:1-13
View Bible Text
So you think this is really something? It might seem that the imaginative and creative image of a many-membered body of believers caught up in mutual care for one another would be enough to imagine that we were already in heaven, or at least close. But Paul isn't finished. He says, if you think this is something, let me pull back the curtain a bit and let you in on an even more fantastic vision of the Christian life as prepared for us by the Spirit of God.
At the end of this beautiful poem Paul will remind us that this vision of community is ultimately not about knowing or doing things, but is about knowing a person "face to face" and that living in such a community is merely a reflection of our having first been known and caught up in the love of God (13:12).
To begin with it will be important to keep in mind that this is poetry, and well-attested by use as easily one of the most beautiful and loved pieces in the New Testament. The task will thus be in part to rescue or recover a reading that has gained so close an association with weddings and married love. Its placement here as a culmination of the argument of chapter 12 makes clear that it is rather a vision of the love that characterizes the one body of a caring community that is the gift of the Spirit in Christ Jesus our Lord.
This is poetry. And part of its appeal is the effect of its overall conception coupled with the beauty of the structures of rhythm and repetition. These structures can perhaps best be sensed simply by reading the text aloud in any good translation, or perhaps several. However archaic the language, it is difficult to improve on the cadences of the familiar King James Version. As for the details of language and structure these may be pursued in the notes of a good critical commentary.
A Fantastic Journey
"And I will show you a still more excellent way" (12:31b). Though located in our text as part of chapter 12, this sentence is clearly transitional, linking the first stage of Paul's argument regarding our oneness in Christian community to this second stage that now comes in the form of a poetic vision. Omitted in the reading for the previous Sunday, it will need to be added to the reading for this Sunday. "I will show you…"
The word choice here is intentional and significant in its pastoral wisdom. This is the language of Epiphany. In the end, the vision of community that Paul holds out for his Corinthian brothers and sisters as an alternative to the divisions that threaten them will come neither for them nor for us as either counsel or command but through a revelation. In the end, it is not about a project to be completed, but about a vision of a new reality, a new possibility, that captivates and motivates simply by the power of its conception and the promise God's Spirit in Christ Jesus.
"A still more excellent way." Though admittedly tricky to translate, the traditional translation here has not been the best. The Greek word used here has come into English directly in our word "hyperbole." One could do worse than picking up those associations. This is ultimately a poetic vision; it is exaggeration that befits a reality that Paul imagines cannot be captured sufficiently only through argumentative prose. It is the same wondrous vision with which Paul has sought to tease these Corinthians earlier.
But, as it is written, "What no eye has seen, nor ear heard, nor the human heart conceived, what God has prepared for those who love him" — these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit; for the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God" (2:9-10). It is revelation. Like the beauty of an opening flower, it comes as surprise and as a fantastic vision of the possibilities of life in the oneness of community that is the gift of the Spirit.
"An more excellent way." The word used here — "way," road," or "path;" Greek hodos — has a rich history in the Scriptures and in early Christian reflection and practice. The invitation is to a journey, a venture of which the end is of course only known to God. And so it is ultimately to be cast back upon trust in the wisdom and promises of the God who is faithful and who has called us into this community (1:9).
An Unfolding Vision
The poetic vision of the chapter divides neatly into four "verses:" 1-3; 4-7; 8-12; with a climactic conclusion in verse 13.
In the first "verse" (1-3) a triplet of symmetrical conditions balances a series of "what if" extravagant possibilities with a conclusion about their essential empty reality if love is not the active agent.
The second "verse" (4-7) consists of an almost relentless rehearsal of the dynamic actions and qualities of love. The rhythm is carried by a three-fold repetition of "love," followed by a series of actions in which love is not specifically named, and then concluded with a four-fold listing, each beginning with the phrase "all things…"
The opening "love never fails" of the third "verse" (8-12) turns reflection on "love" to consideration of the contrast between that which is "perfect" or "complete" (teleios) and that which is only "partial" or "incomplete" (ek merous, used four times in these several verses). Again in an effective conditional triad, even prophesy, tongues, and knowledge, are dismissed as only partial compared to that which is full or complete (13:10).
In a fuller vision, infancy will be exchanged for full maturity (13:11); imperfect or shadowy vision will be exchanged for the full knowledge that resides in the recognition ultimately that it is not so much that I know things, but rather that I have been known by some One (13:12; the use of the past tense would seem to be an intentional allusion to the event of the cross and resurrection so important to Paul's message to the Corinthians).
"To know just as I have been known" (verse 12). Indeed, what a fantastic vision to imagine life lived as a journey in which the experience of Christian community should be a perfect reflection of the love which God has first shown us in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. At one other place in his letters Paul will approach that same enormity of conception inspired by so great a revelation. In his climactic conclusion of chapter 8 in his later letter to the Christians at Rome he will ask, "If God is for us, who could be against us? … There is nothing that will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord"(Rom 8:31, 39).
An Abiding Trinity
The concluding "verse" of the poem (13:13) is both a climax and an important turn. In a certain sense it marks a re-turn to reality from this fantastic vision. The familiar "and now" or "but now" of the translations might better be translated as "But now as the case actually is…", and the fuller expression, as the present tense of the verb "abide" suggests, should be "But now as the case is faith, hope, and love are a present ongoing reality."
The phrase imitates the same assertion of the reality of God's action in 12:18 of last Sunday's reading, and, as 1 Thessalonians 1:3 shows, it picks up a theme that belongs to Paul's earliest preaching of the gospel. The reality of God's love offers assurance that this vision of community is not just of things that will be, but a down payment already taking shape in a community that Paul can boldly say is not lacking in any gift which the Spirit has to offer (see 1:7).
The assertion that love is "the greatest" is certainly in part for rhetorical effect and by way of transition to the continuing argument about building up community in chapter 14. More importantly, the triad of faith, hope, and love are an important unspoken reminder of the Trinity and that all of this grand conception belongs to the Spirit's gifts to the one body in a caring community of mutual responsibility.
James Boyce
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Professor Emeritus of New Testament and Greek
Luther Seminary
St. Paul, MN, USA
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My Name is Memory
by Ann BrasharesAnn Brashares
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The latest from Ann Brashares, the New York Times bestselling author of The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, a magical story of reincarnation and a love that lasts more than a lifetime
Daniel has spent centuries falling in love with the same girl. Life after life, crossing continents and dynasties, he and Sophia (despite her changing name and form) have been drawn together-and he remembers it all. For all the times that he and Sophia have been connected throughout history, they have also been torn painfully, fatally, apart.
But just when Sophia (now "Lucy" in the present) finally awakens to the secret of their shared past, the mysterious force that has always separated them reappears. Ultimately, they must come to understand what stands in the way of their love if they are ever to spend a lifetime together.
Ann Brashares is the author of the phenomenal five-million-copies-selling series of young adult novels, The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, The Second Summer of the Sisterhood, Girls In Pants, and Forever in Blue, and the New York Times bestselling adult novel The Last Summer (of You and Me).
I have lived more than a thousand years. I have died countless times. I forget precisely how many times. My memory is an extraordinary thing, but it is not perfect. I am human.
(Continues…)
Excerpted from "My Name is Memory"
Copyright © 2011 Ann Brashares.
Excerpted by permission of Penguin Publishing Group.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of visitors to this web site.
Daniel has spent centuries falling in love with the same girl. Life after life, crossing continents and dynasties, he and Sophia (despite her changing name and form) have been drawn together—and he remembers it all. Daniel has "the memory," the ability to recall past lives and recognize souls of those he's previously known. It is a gift and a curse. For all the times that he and Sophia have been drawn together throughout history, they have also been torn painfully, fatally, apart. A love always too short.
Interwoven through Sophia and Daniel's unfolding present day relationship are glimpses of their expansive history together. From 552 Asia Minor to 1918 England and 1972 Virginia, the two souls share a long and sometimes torturous path of seeking each other time and time again. But just when young Sophia (now "Lucy" in the present) finally begins to awaken to the secret of their shared past, to understand the true reason for the strength of their attraction, the mysterious force that has always torn them apart reappears. Ultimately, they must come to understand what stands in the way of their love if they are ever to spend a lifetime together.
ABOUT ANN BRASHARES
Ann Brashares is the New York Times bestselling author of The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, The Second Summer of the Sisterhood, Girls in Pants, and Forever in Blue, and the adult novel The Last Summer (of You and Me). She lives in New York.
My Name is Memory unfolds in chapters alternating between Daniel and Lucy's voices. What did you think of this technique? Do you think the author captured both voices equally well? Was there one character whose point of view you preferred reading?
As we watch Lucy mature from a teenager to a young woman over the course of the novel, we also watch Daniel mature over centuries, carrying knowledge and wisdom from lifetime to lifetime. When they meet, he has centuries worth of experiences and she is still learning how to be an adult for the first time. Do you think Lucy and Daniel can find common ground in their shared lifetime, or do their differing experiences separate them too much?
My Name is Memory is set in present day, with flashbacks to previous eras—including North Africa in 541 B.C., Crete in 899 B.C., England in 1918 A.D., St. Louis in 1932 A.D., and Georgia in 1968 A.D. Was there one particular setting you enjoyed most? Why?
How do Lucy's experiences with her older sister Dana's mental illness affect her reaction to Daniel when he tells her about their past lives together? How much of her response do you think comes from fear? Do you think she wants to believe him?
One of the themes of My Name is Memory is our perspective on the value of the here-and-now and the passage of time. As someone who has lived and remembers many lifetimes, Daniel sees life as fleeting and replaceable, and it affects how he treats himself and his family members. How does this change for him over the course of the book? What causes the change? Did the book make you think about the value of the present, or the value of the long view differently?
Daniel insists on being called "Daniel" in each life, and he calls Lucy "Sophia," the name she had when he first fell in love with her. Why is he so attached to using these names? What is their significance to him? What changes at the end that allows him to finally call her "Lucy"?
Daniel talks about human beings' ability to recognize other people's souls, and says, "Our souls reveal themselves in our face and body… Choose a person's face and study it carefully… Ask yourself what you know about the person, and if you open yourself to the information, you will find you know an overwhelming amount" (p. 55). Do you think this is true? Have you ever recognized something like this in a stranger?
Throughout the novel, Daniel faces hardships that he believes are a direct result of his past choices. After rejecting his mother Molly's love by committing suicide, he is reborn to an abusive mother. After Daniel angered him hundreds of years ago, his brother Joaquim chases him through lifetimes, keeping Daniel and Sophia/Lucy apart. Do you believe in this idea, which some call karma, that our actions will come back to us?
When Lucy looks back on her first meeting with Daniel she is filled with regret. "It must have been painful for him to realize [Sophia] was gone, replaced by a coward" (p. 196). Do you agree with Lucy's assessment of herself that she's a coward, or would you consider her brave? Does her level of bravery change over the course of the book? How or why?
Brashares writes, as Daniel thinks he's about to lose Lucy, "If you didn't have a choice, you had to make a choice. If you didn't have options, you made some. You couldn't just let the world happen to you" (p. 505). Is this something he has always believed? Is it advice he has followed? To what consequences? How has it shaped his collection of lives?
At the beginning of the novel, Daniel says that despite all his lives, "I've never had a child, and I've never gotten old. I don't know why" (p. 2). Why do you think these two rites of passage, so integrally a part of the human condition, have been denied him? Do you think he will get to experience both of these things in his "ultimate" life? Is the life with Lucy the one he's been waiting for?
"[A] fantastical romance." —The Washington Post
"You'll fall hard for this story of a cosmically tormented couple: Daniel can recall all of his previous lives, and he pursues his great love, Sophia, through the ages." —Glamour
"We all like to believe in the constancy of love. And then along comes Ann Brashares to take the concept to a whole new level." —Minneapolis Star Tribune
"Literature is filled with lovers that not even death can divide... now in Ann Brashares's entrancing new romantic saga, readers will be swept away by Daniel and Lucy, whose love is truly one for the agest." —BookPage
The book leaves some questions unanswered, and the closing chapters feel a bit rushed. But this is an inventive, romantic, highly pleasurable ride through time that will appeal to older teens as well as adults.
Primarily known for her young adult Traveling Pants series, Brashares offers her second adult novel (The Last Summer (Of You and Me), 2007), about a man who remembers his past lives and the woman he's loved through them all. In 2004, Virginia high-school student Lucy develops an obsessive crush on a mysterious new classmate, Daniel. They finally share a kiss at the Senior Ball, but then Daniel calls her Sophia and insists that they have loved each other for centuries. A frightened Lucy runs away, leaving Daniel bereft. He has spent most of his many lives trying to find Sophia, ever since their disastrous first meeting during his first remembered life. As a soldier in North Africa in the sixth century he mistakenly burned down a house (think civilian casualties in Afghanistan), causing a little girl version of Sophia to die-his "original sin." Two hundred years later in Asia Minor, Daniel helped the woman her soul then inhabited escape from her abusive husband, Daniel's older brother Joaquim, who then killed him. Throughout the centuries when Daniel and Sophia have met, their ages or circumstances usually kept them apart. However, during World War I Sophia/Constance was his nurse and sweetheart at a British military hospital where she hid a letter of explanation about Daniel to her future self. Fast forward to 2006. Attending college, Lucy has lost track of Daniel. Then a psychic shocks her by bringing up Daniel by name. Now driven to find the truth through hypnosis and the Internet, Lucy finds the WWI letter and accepts her pasts. But she can't find Daniel. Unfortunately, menacing Joaquim is on Daniel's trail too. Plenty of grown up "Pants" fans will swoon for this hokey but undeniablyeffective romance, and an ambiguous ending leaves the door ajar for a sequel.
A romance that stretches across centuries and past lives constitutes the core of Brashares's varied second adult novel, the first in a planned trilogy. The story is primarily that of Daniel, as, in the present, he pursues Lucy (whom he knows as Sophia in a previous life) and attempts to persuade her of their history and destiny, but his passion initially and understandably scares her off. He disappears, presumed dead, but Lucy, unable to forget him, investigates his claims of their history until she discovers the truth. Meanwhile, Daniel takes readers on a tour of romantic near-misses, from sixth-century Africa through eighth-century Turkey to WWI. The story moves slowly and predictably, though when a plot finally materializes, Brashares (Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants) manages some satisfying momentum, even if the story begins to feel like it's borrowed from a James Patterson novel. Brashares's insights into human nature, meanwhile, should appeal to readers who enjoyed The Time-Traveler's Wife, but can appreciate a Nicholas Sparks-esque sensibility. (June)
We all like to believe in the constancy of love. And then along comes Ann Brashares to take the concept to a whole new level.
Her latest novel, "My Name Is Memory," is about a young man who is probably the most constant lover in all of literature.
Most of us recycle everyday without giving it much thought. But what if we were recyclable? Daniel, who thinks of himself as a recycled soul, is different from everyone else—he remembers all his past lives. For over 1000 years, he's been learning how actions in one life affect the next and discovering that not everyone who returns has good intentions. But most of all, he remembers Sophia, despite her changing name and form, and while Sophia can't quite remember him, she's inexplicably drawn to get as close to him as she can. Although circumstances keep them apart time and time again, Daniel has mastered patience and has boundless faith that one day they will live a lifetime together. VERDICT Brashares's second adult novel (after The Last Summer [of You and Me]; author of the YA "Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants" series) is reminiscent of Audrey Niffenegger's The Time Traveler's Wife, and Daniel and Sophia's near misses and chance encounters captivate and entrance us. [See Prepub Alert, LJ 3/1/10; national tour.]—Jennifer Anderson, Texas A&M Univ.-Corpus Christi Lib.
My Name Is Memory 3.9 out of 5 based on 0 ratings. 351 reviews.
TessieSS More than 1 year ago
I really enjoyed the book up until the last 2 pages. I can not figure out why the author ended the book the way she did. I am almost mad I read it because I needed to hear what was to happen with Lucy and Daniel since they he chased her for so long. I really did enjoy the unique ideas the book suggested and heck I wish it were true- we could remember- but why couldnt she just either ended it very happily or very tradically??? Is there going to be a sequel? Can't see how that would work- so what the heck happened? For the rest of my life I will wonder. If you like a book that leaves the end to your imagination- go for it- it is good but I didn't like the last 2 pages
gl More than 1 year ago
My Name is Memory is a powerful love story. Daniel is described as an old soul -- his soul has lived through countless reincarnations and he remembers each of his past lives. In the world that Ann Brashares creates, there are a handful of old souls who retain memories of their past lives. Everyone else lives their lives with their slates clean, with no clear memories of past experiences. Though Brashares suggests that the occasional sense of affinity that we have with people may have come from a friendship or a tie in a previous life. The few that retain memories of past lives can usually trace this ability or "long memory" to a deep trauma or a strong affinity of sorts. Of the old souls, Daniel stands out since his memory reaches back over 1,500 years to the time that he first met and fell in love with Sophia. Daniel's memory comes from his love of Sophia, as if he wills himself to remember everything about her. His love and fate lead Daniel to retain these memories each time he is reborn. Somehow Daniel and Sophia are reborn within similar times. They encounter each other in different cultures and continents over 1,500 years. Daniel remembers his past lives starting from when he first met Sophie in 520 A.D. to each of his reincarnations. In all the different reincarnations, Daniel knows Sophia. But equal to his joy in finding her is his disappointment that Sophia never recognizes Daniel. Daniel learns how to carry over skills and wealth from one life to another. He's skilled in medicine, in business, and in most trades. In each rebirth, Daniel prepares to meet Sophia and with each new encounter he is equally surprised and moved. He tries not to overwhelm her -- his love/obsession can surely frighten her away especially since she never seems to remember him. Daniel begins from scratch each time. Sophia's latest reincarnation is Lucy, a high school senior with a powerful crush on her mysterious young classmate named Daniel. Daniel moved to Lucy's high school at the start of their junior year and though he caused a stir because of his good looks and athleticism, he stood apart. He seemed more mature, a little lost and deeply sad -- all of which drew Lucy's attention. When Daniel acted differently too and ignored invitations from the most popular girls and spent time with the social outcasts, Lucy imagined herself helping him navigate through high school. Though they've barely spoken over the two years, Lucy daydreams about Daniel and feels drawn to him. Lucy's voice and character come across clearly: a young girl, enthusiastic, engaging with the usual romantic hopes. While Lucy is likable and draws you in to the story, it is Daniel that makes the book. Daniel is Memory -- and the plot revolves around his struggle to win Sophia. Daniel and Sophia face another obstacle -- there lives another old soul who remembers both Daniel and Sophia clearly. He had been Sophia's husband in a previous life and is determined to punish Sophia and Daniel for what he interprets as their betrayal of him. My Name Is Memory is a powerful love story and an engrossing read. Lucy and her high school reminded me a little of the Twilight series with Bella Swan and her obsession with Edward, but Lucy/Sophia is much more fun and likable than Bella. I recommend My Name Is Memory to someone looking for an unusual romance.
I'm pretty picky when it comes to stories. I hate being let down, I require a satisfying ending. This story was enjoyable! It does seem to be leading to a sequel. I was satisfied. I will say though, and this is my only complaint. It was so much like "Fallen" by Lauren Kate. We're talking almost identical story give or take some major details. Right down to the main characters names. Fallen characters names were Luce and Daniel and My Name is Memory is Lucy and Daniel, both stories deal with falling in love with the same girl throughout many different life times. The story was scary close to Fallen. Good, maybe better, but still a little too much the same. I really do think someone copied someone. Should it stop you from reading this book? No. :) Just throwing it out there though that it is almost exactly like Fallen. I still do recommend this book, it was an enjoyable read. I finished it in two days.
Loaf_of_Dead More than 1 year ago
I read this book in a matter of 2 days, while I was on vacation, because I NEEDED to finish it. I am not a fan of Ann Brashare's work, but I picked up this book because I have hearty love of the idea of reincarnation and soulmates. The ability of remember the details of past lives was never something I thought could be a burden until I read this book. The story is sad, and creates a level of anxiety for you while you read it. How can one man try for 1,500 years to finally be able to love his soulmate? I think she does a great job dealing with the emotions and the practicality of such a bizarre concept. I was hooked, but the ending was pretty terrible. Upon reading some of these reviews and discovering it's supposed to be a trilogy, I will tone down my rage at the ending. After I finished this book, I'm pretty sure I was in a depression for a good 2 days.
Allison-Paige More than 1 year ago
"My Name is Memory" is one of the best books I have read in a long time. Brashares is a master at creating meaningful characters, deliberate and beautiful language, and a page-turning plot. Amazing book, a must read.
HEDI09 More than 1 year ago
The book is haunting and exciting as the reader peeks into Daniel's lives and how they interweave with Lucy's past lives. Lucy is a girl with a crush on a boy who is a little different. She is drawn to him and cannot explain why. Daniel sees Lucy,but also knows her as Sophia, as he calls her,and sees into her soul and knows exactly where she has been because he has been there with her. Love it!!
Laura144 More than 1 year ago
I absolutely LOVE this amazing book. BEST BOOK I EVER READ! The drama of love throughout time creates an endless fantansy as Daniel searches to find his truel sole mate. The end of the book is a huge cliff hanger and there has yet to be a sequel. You fall for the characters almost as much as Daniel falls for Sophia. The simple idea that soles stay the same and get passed on to another body is incrediable. With Daniel's gift to remember his past lives, he takes the reader along the journey of his past lives and his search to be with Sophia. Through tragic losses and seperations their paths never seem to meet untill Daniel and Sophia are in the same school and grade. My favorite lives of Daniel with Sophia were the journey through the desert to save Sophias life, and when Daniel was in WWI and was brought to Sophia's aid in a hospital. In both situations they fall in love but the love to Sophia dies with her. Each death opens a new door to a new life and a new life of loving eachother only if Daniel can find Sophia.
cookieAF More than 1 year ago
This is the best romantic book ive read in years. If youre a helpless romantic, then this book is for you. I love daniel, his character is pure and his love, enduring. It makes you believe in true love all over again. I fell in love over and over again. Cant wait wait for the next book. So hurry up ann brashares
bookwormmom4 More than 1 year ago
Such a great premise to a story, so much more could have been done with characters and history, but it falls short. The end sucked.
Like so many other I thought the book was wonderful until the end I re-read the last few pages over and over again thinking I missed something but nope Just so disappointed
angel_peila More than 1 year ago
I would have loved the book if there was a sequel to it but unfortunately there doesn't seem to be. What a huge disappointment to come to the end and be left hanging on the edge like that.
I'm a sucker for a good love story so when I read the back of this book I immediately bought it. The story was very good until the ending.....there wasn't one. It's almost like the author got tired of writing and just quit. I was mad that I spent the money and all the time to read a book that wasn't finished. This was the first book I've read by this author and it will be the last.
Rachel2011 More than 1 year ago
This book sounds identical to Lauren Kate's Fallen series. But the Fallen series is outstanding and came out several years before this one. This book seems like it was written to copy fallen-same names of characters and even the same plot, wow! I recommend that you skip this one and go read the REAL novel: Fallen by Lauren Kate.
literatissima More than 1 year ago
My Name Is Memory is the romantic story of soulmates "Sophia" and "Daniel," told over lifetimes. The first time they met briefly in moments of tragedy, and because he is able to remember bits from his past lives, he always recognizes her in subsequent lives. I really enjoyed the possibilities of lifetimes of soulmate-tracking, the romance and the suspenseful adventure that brought us to the end. The only drawback for me was a slow start and a rather elementary take on reincarnation. But it's rather palatable for both the deeply spiritual and the non-believers alike. I would recommend this if you need a little romance in your life and you are willing to suspend disbelief and let your imagination run wild.
Giallegria More than 1 year ago
I've been staying away from romantic stories for years, and picked this one up nonetheless. I am SO glad that I did. I found the story to be very original, and in fact was the perfect escapist read. It takes you all over the world, back in time, and into the current day. I feel that the author has a true flair for language, and as I read, enjoying the story, I also found myself really appreciating the beauty of the emotions and backdrops she was describing. In a word: captivating. Read it; it's worth it.
PricelessReads More than 1 year ago
If you liked The Time Traveler's Wife, read this book. Although more reincarnation than time travel, the story is written with the same transitions between past and present. A little confusing at the get go, the story unfolds in a beautiful way that makes you want more of the past and more the present at the same time. I love how the author switches between first person and third person when changing times. This is a love story between Daniel who has ability to remember past lives and his soul mate who does not. The ending felt a bit unfinished, but I wouldn't want to ruin it for you. Overall, My Name is Memory was an enjoyable read with an original story that left me wishing for more chapters.
I've seen a few reviews saying they didn't like this books ending because it left you to imagine what happens... Well just so you all know this is the first book in a trilogy. So the ended is set up to leave you wanted more and waiting for the next book. So this isn't the end of the road for Daniel and Lucy.
IA-girl-loves-2-read More than 1 year ago
I rated this story 4-stars, but I'm still a little ambivilent about it. At first, it seemed like a very similar storyline to the recent novel "Fallen" by Lauren Kate. In fact, the two primary characters have the same names (Daniel & Lucy/Luce). Both deal with memories, long loves, an evil nemesis, etc. But this book quickly changed from the YA-genre to a more adult theme as the characters aged. I loved when Ms. Brashares took us through centuries, countries, cities and families through Daniel's eyes. I felt as though I'd traveled those places with him - and each new "life" helped make the Daniel of today more real. Lucy/Sophia was a mix - from unsure, insecure teen to courageous, trusting adult. And their love story through the years was wonderful. I do agree with other reviews that the storyline took a sharp turn about 3/4 of the way through and seemed very rushed at the end. I also agree that the ending was weaker than it could/should have been. But I'm sure that if this is merely the first in a series, that I'll read the sequels.
LASR_Reviews More than 1 year ago
originally posted at: www.longandshortreviews.blogspot.com ***** The purity of a love that spans the ages make My Name is Memory awe-inspiring. This fantastic, spellbinding tale enlivens the imagination and takes the reader on a hopscotch journey through time. The possibilities of past lives and immortal memory joined with a love that transcends time lures the reader into Daniel and Lucy's 2009 story of love-a love that has been thwarted through the centuries and a multitude of lives for them both, but only Daniel remembers these lives. Daniel gives the reader a glimpse of sixth-century Africa as he lived his first life and made a mistake that he has tried to atone for ever since. In another of his lives that he lived during World War I, when he lay dying in an England manor/ hospital, he shares a beautiful story of his short time with his soul mate. This time becomes extra special when Daniel and Lucy touch each other's lives in twenty-first century America. His first person accounts of these stories and others give an authenticity to the events-making them so believable. As the story builds, Lucy and Daniel's points-of-view alternate with the chapters, keeping the reader involved with both characters and the overwhelming inner conflicts they each have to work through as they mature from their senior year in high school and through college. As the plot gains momentum, danger increases and events race along at a fever pace. Daniel's connections from centuries past, some helpful and some deadly, come to influence their 2009 lives. Lucy does not have a memory like Daniel's but her youthful determination and commitment to her newly-discovered soul mate give the feeling that her need to be with Daniel is just as strong as his need has been to be with her since the sixth-century. Ann Brashares' insight into the emotions of young adults as they come to know themselves and mature beyond being shelf-absorbed brings depth to the story and makes the characters come alive. Her engaging writing style smoothes the way for the reader to be transported to far-away places with strange-sounding names, to feel the horrors of wars and the cruelty the disenfranchised suffer at the hands of the rich and powerful regardless of the time in history. It also reveals and celebrates the wonder of love that endures. My Name is Memory is a captivating, open-ended story that begs for a sequel. I'll be watching for it.
ilovePEETA More than 1 year ago
I think this book is fantastic! I loved all of the intricacies throughout the book. It was very interesting to read about Lucy and Daniel's connected lives in Africa, Constantinople, Pergamum, England and other places. Lucy's struggle to remember and to find Daniel in the present is quite an adventure. The book is a bit slowed paced. I usually finish bigger books in a day or two, but it took me a week to read "My Name is Memory". Overall, I loved the book, and I look forward to reading the next one!!
alyson on LibraryThing More than 1 year ago
Still trying to decide how I felt about the ending. Really enjoyed the book until the end.
titania86 on LibraryThing More than 1 year ago
Daniel has been in love with Sophia for hundreds of years. He¿s not a vampire or an immortal or a demon, but merely a human man who can remember his past lives. Daniel and Sophia¿s lives have intertwined more than once and things usually end unhappily. In 2004, he has found her (now named Lucy) in Hopewood, Virginia with his ability to recognize souls he previously encountered. He purposefully avoids her for years through high school and finally tries to speak to her on the day before graduation. He only succeeds in frightening her with his talk of their past and pushing her away. They separate and Daniel figures it¿s best if he no longer interferes in her life. A few years later, she can¿t forget about him, so she researches some of his claims and tries to find him. A complication arises when Joaquim, Daniel¿s brother from his first life, poses as Daniel and dates Lucy. Over the years, Joaquim has cultivated a hatred for Daniel and seeks to sabotage Daniel and Lucy¿s relationship. Will Daniel seek Lucy out and realize what Joaquim is doing?I didn¿t really know what to expect from Anne Brashares since I haven¿t read anything else that she¿s written, but I was completely blown away by this book. I figured it would be cheesy and cliché because the basic plot has been done before. I couldn¿t have been more wrong. The story is told in alternating chapters from the point of view of Lucy and Daniel. Lucy¿s narrative takes place in the present and features her journey from skepticism to acceptance and the discoveries she makes along the way. Daniel¿s story, on the other hand, takes place largely in his past lives, showing how their lives have affected each other¿s and how each of those lives has ended. I enjoyed Daniel¿s point of view more because of the span and depth of his memories. Brashares excels at creating different moods and settings for her characters with his narrative. It also showed why he has such strong feelings for Lucy, instead of just defaulting to fate. One aspect that I found especially interesting was that Daniel wasn¿t present for any incredibly famous historical events. It would have been contrived if he had. He even points out that in the past before information could be instantly exchanged, important events went generally unnoticed to those in the rest of the world. It made the fantastical premise of the novel more grounded in reality and believable. Plus, Daniel¿s chapters were in a different, less modern font, giving his story a different feel and look from Lucy¿s modern story telling. The only part of the novel that I didn¿t like was the ending. There is no real resolution for the couple at the novel¿s conclusion. I feel incredibly emotionally invested in their story, so there better be another book! I would definitely recommend this to fans of books like The Time Traveler¿s Wife, where love spans time and space.
MonicaM7 on LibraryThing More than 1 year ago
Interesting story. I liked how the perspective kept changing from that of David Grey's and Lucy's, creating a story from the two parts.
TheLibraryhag on LibraryThing More than 1 year ago
In Daniel's world, almost everyone is reincarnated at least once. The difference between Daniel and most people is that he can remember all his previous lives in vivid detail. Through the centuries he has been trying to connect with his one true love, Sophia. In his current life he has found her in Lucy. Lucy finds herself drawn to the mysterious Daniel even though they have never spoken. But when they finally do talk, he frightens her by calling her another name and talking about past lives and she runs away. Despite this, and a separation of years, she can not forget him.I really enjoyed this book. I think it is well written and I found it hard to put down. The book asks a lot of questions about life as well as just being a good love story. You can enjoy it on several levels. I was sort of sad to get to the end.
butterflybaby on LibraryThing More than 1 year ago
I'd give this 3 1/2 stars. The story was good but I would have liked to see it go somewhere. I felt unsastisfied with the book, but I'm having a hard time putting my finger on just what was missing. I felt there was to much time spent on the hero of the story and his obsession with the heroine but not a lot of time spent on her. I would recommend it. I also think that I will probably reread it again at a different time.
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All internship positions are filled for our 2019 Summer Internship. Thank you to all who applied.
Type of Position: Paid temporary internship that may lead to full-time employment.
We are accepting applications for our 2019 internship program until February 15, 2019. Interviews with potential candidates will be conducted from February 16, 2019 to March 1, 2019. We will make our selection by mid-March, 2019 for the summer internships. This is a paid internship and you will receive an hourly wage. Hours are typically a normal 40 hour work week, Monday-Friday. We will also pay a lump sum for your travel and lodging to FINLEY's office, if you will be away from your hometown. Proof of health insurance is required.
Organization: Finley Engineering Group, Inc. is an internationally recognized bridge engineering firm specializing in high tech, complex concrete, steel and long span bridge projects. Our specialty is innovative design and construction engineering solutions with a special emphasis on design-build, construction driven projects. Please visit our website www.finleyengineeriggroup.com to learn more about our history, values, and our projects.
Minimum Requirements for Structural Engineer Intern: Minimum Bachelor's degree, working on a Master's degree or a civil engineering senior level student with a strong background in structural/bridge engineering analysis and design. Must have a basic familiarity with structural codes of practice, e.g., ACI, AISC, and AASHTO. Candidate must be comfortable using basic design software and tools. The position requires good interpersonal, organizational and communication skills and the ability to perform technical writing and report compilation.. Knowledge of MSOffice (required), and AutoCADD preferred. A minimum GPA of 3.00 is required.
Job Description: The successful structural engineer intern candidate will work with experienced engineers and project managers to perform engineering functions, design calculations, and drawing production & visualizations on bridges and other structures.
FINLEY offers summer internships each year. This year we are hiring two interns at our Tallahassee office and one at our Prague office.
If you're ready for an internship that is as rewarding as it is challenging, email a packet containing a cover letter, resume, three (3) references and your unofficial transcripts to recruiting@finleyengineeringgroup.com.


text:
M.D.Sc (Melb) F.D.S.R.C.P.S.(Glasg) F.R.A.C.D.S.(OMS) F.I.C.D
Associate Professor David Wiesenfeld is a Specialist Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon with over 30 years clinical experience. His clinical interests are oral cancer care, dentoalveolar surgery, the management of impacted teeth, the surgical correction of dento-facial deformity and dental implants for the replacement of missing teeth.
He qualified in Dentistry at the University of Melbourne in 1976, completed his specialist training in 1980 and had three years of further training in Britain, firstly in Glasgow as Commonwealth Supernumerary Registrar and subsequently in London. He commenced specialist practice in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 1983. Currently he is Director of The Head and Neck Tumour Stream at The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre; and has held senior clinical appointments at The Royal Melbourne Hospital and the University of Melbourne. He has been appointed to Visiting Professor positions at Universities in Bristol, Texas, Nebraska, and Cleveland.
Mr Wiesenfeld has published more than 70 articles in scientific literature and has contributed to four text books. He is actively involved in professional and educational affairs, both nationally and internationally.
Home Surgeons Associate Professor David Wiesenfeld
Click below to view the Surgeon's consulting and operating locations
View Consulting Locations
View Operating Locations
City Consulting Rooms
Level 5, 766 Elizabeth Street Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia
The Avenue Consulting Rooms
42 The Avenue Windsor VIC 3181 Australia
Glen Waverley Consulting Rooms
Suite 8, 1st Floor 264 Springvale Road Glen Waverley VIC 3150 Australia
The Avenue Hospital
Waverley Private Hospital
343-357 Blackburn Road Mount Waverley VIC 3149 Australia
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TSC Wong, D Wiesenfeld Abstract The management of oral cancer is a multidisciplinary endeavour, as each patient presents the treating clinicians with a unique set of challenges the management of...
Referral patterns for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Australia: 20 years progress
L Kaing,* S Manchella,* C Love,* A Nastri,*† D Wiesenfeld*† *The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. †Department of Surgery and Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia....