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Castries Neighborhood tours
Our most recommended Castries Neighborhood tours
1. From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour
With a unique history and culture, St. Lucia has a lot to offer, so discover the island with a knowledgeable tour guide. Tour some of the best-known spots in Castries, and along the way, head to some of the places where St Lucians love to play and have fun. In less than 7 hours you will be taken to 6 major stops across the island. This comprehensive small-group tour covers key sights on St. Lucia, which makes it ideal for first-time visitors to the island. This guided tour along the west coast, normally about 5 to 7 hours, gives you a general idea of what the island looks like. See the city of Castries and original buildings in the city, such as the Castries market, which is over 100 years old. See the biggest roman catholic church on the island, which sits about 2000 persons. From Castries, head over to Morne Fortune, and to the biggest banana plantation along the way. Your next stop is a visit to the beautiful Marigot Bay, and two fishing villages, where the condition of living is different from the city. See old timber houses and how the people live, and explore part of the rainforest and the twin pitons.
2. Castries: Guided City Architecture and Castries Market Tour
Visit parts of Castries with a guide who will show you the many sights that make up the city. Explore local goods for sale at Castries Market, and enjoy a Creole lunch along the way. First, unearth the historic background of Castries buildings as you shop at the Castries Market. Meet the craft market vendors selling the city's local craft and its local sauces, spices, and other tasty treats. Then, explore numerous booths where vendors and artisans display their products that range from arts and crafts. Find your souvenir from the local trinkets or T-shirts for sale. Next, stop for a break, and choose from 16 or more food courts with Creole lunch or snacks available to try at your own cost. Finally, you'll visit Castries' must-see tourist spots including Vendors Archade, Pointe Seraphine, La Place Carnage, and Serenity Park.
3. St Lucia Full-Day Dream Tour
Experience the most beautiful sights that the island of St Lucia has to offer on this stunning day tour. Drive through the colorful and historic city of Castries, through St. Lucia's famous banana plantations, and the scenic villages of Anse La Raye and Canarie, enjoying spectacular views and tasting of local products along the way. Cruise through the island's luscious rain forest and marvel at the spectacular twin majestic Pitons (named a World Heritage Site) as you descend in the town of lovely Soufriere. Visit the Sulfur Springs, enjoying a warm mud bath in one of its therapeutic hot mineral pools, and then feast on a mouthwatering Creole lunch at a popular local restaurant. Continue the tour with a visit to the award-winning botanical gardens and Diamond Falls, bathing in the waterfall's mineral pools and admiring the variety of wild life around you. On your return, enjoy a stunning view of Marigot Bay with a final stop at Morne Fortune for a captivating panorama of the city.
4. Pigeon Point and Castries Paradise Tour on Saint Lucia
Discover the beauty and colorful history of Saint Lucia on this tour of the island's highlights. Start with a 2-hour drive through Castries to view its historic buildings and monuments, like the 19th-century Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Derek Walcott Square, and the 400-year-old tree. Then head to Morne Fortune, the "Hill of Good Luck", for stunning views of the city and its harbor, along with more of its colonial buildings like the beautiful Governor House. From there, visit the Eudovic Art Studio, where you will see artists at work creating exquisite hand-made products. Next, sample the island's local ripe bananas, banana ketchup, banana wine, and even banana barbecue sauce with a stop at lush banana plantations. Marvel at the magnificent Marigot Bay where many famous movies were filmed like Dr. Do-little, Pirates of the Caribbean, and more. Then, continue on through the scenic cultural communities and the traditional fishing town of Gros Islet before heading to Pigeon Island National Park. The last stop on your tour, Pigeon Island National Park was once an island but is now connected to the mainland of St Lucia. Enjoy two hours of private beach time at two exclusive beaches, both ideal for snorkeling, with park guides on hand and plenty of fascinating historic landmarks to be found. This lovely spot also has hiking trails to the fort and summits, with spectacular views of Saint Lucia and neighboring island of Martinique.
5. Castries: St. Lucia Island Bar Hopping Experience Tour
Embark on a bar hopping tour in Castries, and discover some of the best bars in the northern part of the island. Chat with locals and relax as you explore the city's bars and try various drinks at each location on this bar hopping tour. Discover three top bars in the north of St. Lucia. Relax, chat with the locals and get the real St Lucian Experience. Hop from one bar to the next while enjoying the drinks and services each of them uniquely offers. Start the hop in the heart of the city, travel to the marina, and end at the beachfront, known for its beautiful sunsets. Immerse yourself in an experience sure to stimulate your taste buds and spark some interesting conversations with the bubbly bar-tenders.
From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour
Castries: Guided City Architecture and Castries Market Tour
St Lucia Full-Day Dream Tour
Pigeon Point and Castries Paradise Tour on Saint Lucia
Castries: St. Lucia Island Bar Hopping Experience Tour
Frequently asked questions about Castries
What top attractions are a must-see in Castries?
The must-see attractions in Castries are:
Castries Central Market, Saint Lucia
Derek Walcott Square, Saint Lucia
La Place Carenage
The Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception (Cathedral), Saint Lucia
Constitution Park, Castries, Saint Lucia
See all must-see sights in Castries
What are the best tours in Castries?
The best tours in Castries are:
From Castries: Full-Day Catamaran Tour of Saint Lucia
St. Lucia: Snorkeling Adventure
St. Lucia: Rainforest Adventure Adrenaline Tour
Saint Lucia: Private Island Tour with Customizable Itinerary
See all in Castries on GetYourGuide
What are the best outdoor activities to do in Castries?
The best outdoor activities to do in Castries are:
St. Lucia: Segway Nature Trail Experience
See all outdoor activities in Castries on GetYourGuide
Top Attractions in Castries
1 Castries Central Market, Saint Lucia
2 Derek Walcott Square, Saint Lucia
3 La Place Carenage
4 The Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception (Cathedral), Saint Lucia
5 Constitution Park, Castries, Saint Lucia
Things to Do in Castries
1 Castries Activities
2 Castries Tours
3 Castries Water activities
4 Castries Outdoor activities
5 Castries Day trips
6 Castries Shore excursions
7 Castries Nature & adventure
8 Castries Outdoor sports
9 Castries Wheelchair accessible
10 Castries Small group activities
11 Castries Cruises & boat tours
12 Castries Boats & yachts
13 Castries Sailing trips & boat tours
14 Castries Sightseeing cruises
15 Castries Safaris & wildlife activities
16 Castries Water sports
17 Castries Marine life
18 Castries Snorkeling
19 Castries Volcano tours
20 Castries Island tours
Cities in Saint Lucia
1 Soufrière
2 Vieux Fort
3 Cas-en-Bas
Other Sightseeing Options in Castries
Want to discover all there is to do in Castries? Click here for a full list.
What people are saying about Castries
This tour is highly recommended. While it is perhaps a touch pricier than other options, it is a great value and a lot of fun while being informative and educational too. You do and see A LOT in a 6-7 hour window, without feeling like you're rushing. It is a great way to see the western side of the island in one day. Dannyboy is fantastic and is genuinely interested in making sure you get the most out of your day. He is also a very skilled driver and expert pothole dodger, which is important in a place like St Lucia! This is the definition of experiences being more valuable than money. Do it.
From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour Reviewed by C, 1/7/2023
After being canceled on at the last minute from another tour company I was scrambling to find a tour for the next morning. Luckily I was able to find Dannyboy. He called me the next morning because my booking was last minute and someone else was already booked. But he was still able to accommodate me and I was extremely grateful. It was my last day in Saint Lucia and I needed to see these sites. The tour was great. I feel like I learned so much. I got to do all the things I needed to do and then someone. Dannyboy was full of energy and information. It was a great day.
From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour Reviewed by Ayesha, 8/13/2021
Brilliant Tour with Danny Boy! Danny is a great guide full of information on the history of St Lucia. He has a lovely positive personality which meant there was never a dull moment on our tour. he really took care of us and made us feel at ease. As Danny is a local we really felt like we were getting an insight into life on the island but also getting a proper tourist experience visiting several popular tourist destinations. Would definitely recommend Danny to anyone wanting a tour, Good Vibes!
From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour Reviewed by Thomas, 12/6/2022
Just book it!!! Dannyboy was absolutely amazing. The knowledge and experience of the local to show you around the wonderful island to second to none. He's an absolute mine of information, friendly, his driving felt very safe and secure given certain windy roads. 10/10 definitely recommend.
From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour Reviewed by Anna, 9/15/2021
Our guide Lennard brought us closer to the country and its people in his own way and showed us everything and explained it very well. He has taken care of our well-being and our safety. We had a very nice day and would always recommend the tour with lennard.
From Castries: St.Lucia Island Guided Tour Reviewed by Pia, 12/19/2022
Castries Quarter


Titanium material has a high strength-to-weight ratio and a high resistance to corrosion.
The special properties in titanium makes it a strong, lightweight and durable alloy. It has excellent corrosion properties and can withstand moderately high temperatures. It is readily used in more demanding industries such as Aerospace, Aircraft, Military and Motorsports which makes it the material of choice when you require low mass and high strength. The manufacturing of titanium springs requires great skill and experience. Our engineers have hands on experience in designing, manufacturing and the heat-treating the various Titanium alloys. Although, there are about 50 different alloys of Titanium we can steer you toward the right Titanium alloy for your specific application.
During our manufacturing process we do not contaminate raw titanium material while cold working or heat treating; this is achieved by vigorous cleaning of the material with chemicals prior to and after heat treatment process.


A Better Today is a substance abuse treatment facility that addresses a wide spectrum of drug and alcohol abuse problems. Utilizing individualized treatment, passionate therapists and a positive healing environment, we focus on providing comprehensive care that heals the mind, body, and soul.
We treat addiction according to the disease model. We work directly with the client to develop a personalized treatment plan that is based on the their needs.
At our qualified and professional substance abuse treatment facility, we pride ourselves on ensuring that each and every single one of our many clients receives the impeccable addiction recovery treatment they need to succeed.
We know that your journey so far has likely been one that has been fraught with challenges. There is often times not an easy path to pursue when you are struggling with substance abuse and need to find help to reach your recovery goals.
Making matters worse, as the number of Americans who are struggling with addiction continues to rise, the stigma remains, making it more difficult than ever for those who require addiction recovery treatment to get the care they need.
When you enter our substance abuse treatment facility, you'll begin the same way that all of our clients begin their time in our addiction recovery program: by taking part in an in-depth intake interview.
During this in-depth intake interview, you'll be asked a wide variety of questions by one of our friendly and well-educated staff members. These questions will cover a very large swath of material, including your history of substance abuse, and any history of substance abuse that your parents or other family members may have engaged in. You may wonder whether or not this information is relevant, but rest assured that all of these details will be essential in creating your customized care plan.
No matter what your reason for maintaining your privacy, we'll be here to help support you as well as we possibly can.
Because the information that we gather during these interviews will be used to create your customized care plan, it is essential that you keep honesty in the forefront of your mind throughout the process. You will need to be honest with our staff when they ask you questions about your history of substance abuse, since the information they learn will be critical in forming your customized care plan. But you'll also want to be honest with yourself. It can be difficult to determine when you really need to reach out for help, but by ensuring your honesty, you can help yourself get the care you need.


This is an excellent primer for anyone who needs a quick overview of gender issues, theories, and scholars. Broken into well-organized sections ordered alphabetically, it provides a lot of information in a manageable, efficient manner, making concept easily accessible. Also a good option if you're looking to delve deeper into one of the topics because plenty of important names in the relevant fields are referred to.
As a Gender Studies graduate I have found this book very useful as an introduction to certain concepts and topics which I was not that familiar with. It's very useful if you are looking for concise explications and clear and reliable definitions for example, for essays. I kept going back to it for my coursework because it also provides further reading for each topic and the bibliography itself is a great place to start your research on whatever the topic related to gender/feminism.
This was arguably the best compilation of ideas and concepts related to gender studies I have read.


As a branding agency, we've worked with plenty of aspiring graphic designers over the past decade, and one constant need that young designers have is the need for great advice and mentorship. The problem? There are never enough great design mentors to go around.
That's where design and branding podcasts, books, and blogs can be extremely helpful. By listening to talented designers and branding minds on your commute, you can cut your learning curve in half. Unfortunately, it can be difficult to separate the wheat from the chaff without listening to a few episodes. Luckily, we've vetted all of these branding podcasts to ensure satisfaction. Here are four branding podcasts that we'd recommend to any designer looking to expand their branding knowledge.
Design Matters is the original podcast on graphic design and branding, and it's a must-listen for anyone who aspires to be a great designer. Debbie is a lion in the design community. She has worked with some of the world's biggest brands, including Pepsi and Campbell's, and she chairs the "Masters in Branding" program at the School of Visual Arts in New York City.
Her podcast is known for being extremely thought-provoking, which is why her guest-interviews are great as well. If you see her name featured on another show, you know you can expect a great, thoughtful branding podcast.
We may be a little biased, because we produce this podcast ourselves, but this podcast has been an incredible tool for our design team and our clients alike. Josh Miles is a great interviewer who knows how to evoke honest, sometimes visceral, responses from his guests. This allows him to get to the heart of his podcast - finding out what makes designers tick.
Obsessed With Design takes pride in its diversity of guests as well. Josh has interviewed everyone from graphic designers and creative directors to architects and city planners. This allows him to capture a diversity of perspective that is rare among design podcasts. Whether you want to be a great designer someday, or you just want to get inside their heads to learn what makes them tick, this podcast is a great resource.
This podcast is designed with younger designers in mind. Unlike the more theory-based design casts, this podcast is highly-tactical, helping designers navigate their careers. Their episodes cover everything from how to handle pricing and freelance work to how to develop a killer portfolio. Their "Do Yourself a Favor" segment provides great, actionable takeaways for designers of all skill levels.
This is America's only daily morning talk show for creatives. They release a new episode every day, Monday through Friday, and the episodes run an hour a piece. Because of the sheer volume of content they produce, they don't pack as much value into each episode as other casts, but the hosts are fun and it's nice to listen daily to people who understand your world. This is a great cast to put on in the background while you work out or cook dinner.
Interested in more branding podcast updates? Sign up for Josh's email list.


Description: 1960s inspired, innocent beach party rock with beach boys-esque "ooo-woo" vocals.
Description: Driving upbeat instrumental surf rock action!
Description: groovy, 1960s inspired beach rock with guitars, bass, drums.
Description: Driving dramatic instrumental surf rock action. Think Pulp Fiction!
Description: Lively instrumental surf rock action. Think Pulp Fiction!


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Home » cheese bites » Ants on a Cheese
Ants on a Cheese
Alyssa Kim | February 23, 2017
We all know how versatile cheese can be, and now there's an ant-topped chèvre on the market.
Kris Lloyd of South Australia's Woodside Cheese Wrights and Kris Lloyd Artisan created Anthill, a creamy, slightly crunchy concoction that was a top 16 entry at the World Cheese Awards in November. Adrian Boswell, a cheese buyer at London's Selfridges and a judge, called it the best in the entire competition.
"It is like nothing I have ever tasted," said Boswell. "It's creative and innovative . . . such a great cheese."
The native Australian arthropods—which lend a lemony flavor—sit on the milky white surface of five-day-old chèvre. Combined with the ground lemon myrtle leaves that coat all four sides, Lloyd describes Anthill as a "citrus explosion" and a "mixture of kaffir lime and lemongrass." She says the demand for it is unprecedented, but the cheese isn't cheap; one kilogram costs more than $350 Australian (approximately $270 USD).
Lloyd is proud of the fact that Anthill is 100 percent Australian, and she's no stranger to showcasing her homeland's native ingredients. Her products include chèvres and buffalo milk cheeses featuring plants and vegetables including saltbush, lemon myrtle, and bush tomato. Given the great response Anthill has received, don't be surprised to see more creative combinations like it in the near future.
"This is the first flirt with insects and cheese but not the last!" says Lloyd.
Alyssa Kim
Alyssa is culture's former Web Editor. Raised in Mass., she's excited to be back in her home state after six years of working in journalism and TV production in NYC.
In Queso You Missed It: January 15, 2023
Regions to Watch: India
Behind the Scenes at the 2022 World Cheese Awards

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Target Audience : About Us : Vereinigung Deutscher M&A-Berater (VMA) e.V.
seeking to manage their succession planning or to change their existing shareholder structure, but also those that are interested to expand regionally or internationally through vertical or horizontal inorganic growth. Acquisitions could for example include expansion into new business segments or acquiring Internet of Things (IOT) capabilities.
VMA is there to support entrepreneurs in selecting the right professional and independent M&A advisor.
active both within Europe as well as internationally that are seeking professional advisory support for buy and sell side mandates in national and international mid market transactions.
executing acquisitions and completing add-ons as well as seeking professional and experienced M&A advisors to support exit mandates within industrial and service oriented market segments.
that have been requested by their clients to recommend professional M&A advisors.
that are searching for specialized M&A advisors to support distressed situations.
seeking quick access to mid market M&A experts in order to gain a better understanding of the current state of affairs of the M&A market.


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AF hosts, wins wounded warrior sitting volleyball tournament
By Secretary of the Air Force Public Affairs Command Information / Published November 20, 2015
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Retired Staff Sgt. Nicholas Dadgostar serves the ball during the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament championship game at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force won the tournament by beating the Marines. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Hailey Haux)
Retired Staff Sgt. Nicholas Dadgostar gets his leg taped after the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament championship game at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force won the tournament by beating the Marines. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Hailey Haux)
Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Mark A. Welsh III takes a selfie with Air Force wounded warriors after they won the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament championship match at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force team edged out the Marines in the final match. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Hailey Haux)
Defense Secretary Ash Carter speaks to a crowd of fans at the trophy presentation during the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament at the Pentagon in Washington D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force team edged out the Marines in the final match. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Hailey Haux)
The Air Force Wounded Warrior Team, along with Defense Secretary Ash Carter, raise the coveted 1st place trophy after winning the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force team edged out the Marines in the final match. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Hailey Haux)
The Air Force Wounded Warrior Team pose for photos with the 1st place trophy after winning the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament championship game at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force edged out the Marines during the final match. (U.S. Air Force photo/Senior Airman Hailey Haux)
Retired Tech. Sgt. Melissa Monreau serves the ball during a match as part of the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force won this year's tournament. (U.S. Air Force photo/Staff Sgt. Whitney Stanfield)
The Air Force Wounded Warrior Team discuss strategy during a timeout in the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force Wounded Warrior Team won the match against the Marines, and went on to take home the trophy for the tournament. (U.S. Air Force photo/Staff Sgt. Whitney Stanfield)
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A member of the Air Force wounded warrior volleyball team spikes the ball during a volleyball match as part of the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force Wounded Warrior Team won the match against the Marines, and went on to take home the trophy for the tournament. (U.S. Air Force photo/Staff Sgt. Whitney Stanfield)
Members of the Air Force wounded warriors volleyball team watch as retired Tech. Sgt. Patrick Young serves the ball during a volleyball match as part of the Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., Nov. 19, 2015. The Air Force Wounded Warrior Team won the match against the Marines, and went on to take home the trophy for the tournament. (U.S. Air Force photo/Staff Sgt. Whitney Stanfield)
Air Force Hosts, Wins Sitting Volleyball Tournament
WASHINGTON (AFNS) -- The Air Force hosted a joint-service Warrior Care Month Sitting Volleyball Tournament Nov. 19 at the Pentagon Athletic Center, and the Air Force wounded warrior Airmen took home the trophy.
The tournament was part of the weeklong Warrior CARE Event, held primarily at Joint Base Andrews, where more than 75 wounded, ill or injured service members from different branches of the military competed in adaptive sports and various activities aimed at healing of the body and mind.
The Warrior CARE Event offered participants caregiver support, and recovering Airmen mentorship, training and adaptive and rehabilitative sports training. CARE stands for:
C - Caregiver Support Program
A - Adaptive and Rehabilitative Sports Program
R - Recovering Airmen Mentorship Program
E - Employment and Career Readiness Program
For more information on Warrior CARE, click here.
care Joint Base Andrews Warrior Care Month


Open House Saturday 3/21 from 12 -3 p.m. Showings start Saturday 3/21 at 12:00 p.m. You will love this "bright and sunny" updated home and the fabulous backyard with amazing front and rear porches. The many updates throughout the home include a new baker's kitchen with maple cabinetry, quartz countertops, under counter lighting, ss appliances, new bathroom fixtures, tile entry, Berber carpet and gorgeous refinished hardwood floors. The garden level finished basement features a walk-out separate entry to the backyard. The ¼ acre backyard is shaded with beautiful trees including elm, maple, honey locust and peach! This wonderful neighborhood is close to shopping, public transportation, parks and great schools. Ralston Creek and Van Bibber Creek trails/ open space are conveniently close by. Highly rated schools! Walk to Vanderhoof Elementary! This home is loaded with character and beautiful vintage touches with modern updates!


Even in the future, sitting babies will be tough for 'bots.
My sister babysits four different kids under age 6 each week. If some companies had their way, she'd be a robot.
More and more technology is being introduced that seeks to eventually replace human babysitters, like this $6,000 Hello Kitty robot with fully functioning arms, legs, and head that debuted in 2007. It can talk to your child in three different personality modes, and features facial and vocal recognition software that allows it to remember your child for the next time they have a little kid/robot chat.
The Japanese retailer Aeon Co. has developed robots to specifically watch after children while their parents shop at its stores. The 4.5-foot bot recognizes children via special QR code badges worn by each child, and uses a limited vocabulary to play with the kids while mom and dad buy up all that sweet, sweet Aeon merchandise.
Are robo-sitters the future of raising/ignoring kids? The benefits are obvious, if the technology can keep pace. Not only would they alleviate some of the basic stresses of parenting, they also offer some tantalizing upsides. Imagine a babysitter who can't raid a fridge, make out on a couch, order a premium movie, sample your liquor, or text even once during a shift.
But we all saw what a stiff that Robo-Cop was. Would robo-sitters fare any better at offering tenderness, love, care, all that yadda-yadda?
There's a long leap between using iPads as baby monitors and having full-on robot wet nurses. To my sister, and probably most parents, that kind of robo-sitter is still a sci-fi hypothetical.
Kids are tiny, volatile weather systems. Their behavior and health change constantly. Even the T-800 of babysitters would only plausibly be able to take care of the easiest of kids, tops. Even in those simplest of cases, robotic nannies would opens up a whole new realm of child psychology. My sister, who's getting her master's in mental health counseling, says even some extraordinary far-off robot will be challenged to offer the fundamental human interactions that babies dig.
"Robots don't have the love and empathy children need during critical periods of development," she said. "Children need constant human contact in order to grow, learn, and develop and I wonder if a robot would be able to do that." They can't simply replace the je ne sais quoi of the human element inherent in childcare. A robot would negate fundamental parts of any healthy growing child as well, or they'd seriously screw the kid up in the process.
So will we press a button to summon a robot to take care of our kids? Not anytime soon, or in the near future — not if you're a decent parent, anyway. Stories of robots that take care of your kids are quick news hits or a brief swell of exposure for companies ambitious (read: hubristic) enough to claim they have a robot that can watch kids. Sitting takes more than a camera, a bank of voice commands, and facial recognition software. Call me when a robot learns to make popcorn, braids hair, tells a decent knock-knock joke, and does rad voices while reading The Lorax.


Many volunteers are needed to organize and manage a Bantam team including coaches, assistant coaches, pitch counter and score keeper. Parents interested in coaching should reference the RRVB Coaches Den webpage for details on clinics and requirements you will need for 2019 season.
BANTAM is for players 15 years of age and under as of December 31st. Bantam is the last level that plays on a field smaller than regulation. Bantam is full-on baseball with batters facing pitching ranging from 50-75 mph, routine defensive plays, and the occasional long ball. Not many players START their baseball careers at Bantam, but don't let that discourage you if this is your first year. If you can throw, the Bantam coaches can teach you the rest. Springfield Braves play against other RRVB community club 'A' teams.


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AI Matters: A Newsletter of ACM SIGAI
Interview with Kristian Kersting
This column is the sixth in our series profiling senior AI researchers. This month we interview Kristian Kersting, Professor in Computer Science and Deputy Director of the Centre for Cognitive Science at the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany.
Kristian Kerting's Bio
After receiving his Ph.D. from the University of Freiburg in 2006, he was with the MIT, Fraunhofer IAIS, the University of Bonn, and the TU Dortmund University. His main research interests are statistical relational artificial intelligence (AI), probabilistic deep programming, and machine learning. Kristian has published over 170 peer-reviewed technical papers and co-authored a book on statistical relational AI. He received the European Association for Artificial Intelligence (EurAI, formerly ECCAI) Dissertation Award 2006 for the best AI dissertation in Europe and two best-paper awards (ECML 2006, AIIDE 2015). He gave several tutorials at top AI conferences, co-chaired several international workshops, and cofounded the international workshop series on Statistical Relational AI (StarAI). He regularly serves on the PC (often at senior level) for several top conference and co-chaired the PC of ECML PKDD 2013 and UAI 2017. He is the Speciality Editor in Chief for Machine Learning and AI of Frontiers in Big Data, and is/was an action editor of TPAMI, JAIR, AIJ, DAMI, and MLJ.
When and how did you become interested in AI?
As a student, I was attending an AI course of Bernhard Nebel at the University of Freiburg. This was the first time I dived deep into AI. However, my interest in AI was probably triggered earlier. Around the age of 16, I think, I was reading about AI in some popular science magazines. I did not get all the details, but I was fascinated.
What professional achievement are you most proud of?
We were collaborating with biologists on understanding better how plants react to (a)biotic stress using machine learning to analyze hyperspectral images. We got quite encouraging results. The first submission to a journal, however, got rejected. As you can imagine, I was disappointed. One of the biologists from our team looked at me and said "Kristian, do not worry, your research helped us a lot." This made me proud. But also the joint work with Martin Mladenov on compressing linear and quadratic programs using fractional automorpishms. This provides optimization flags for ML and AI compilers. Turning them on makes the compilers attempt to reduce the solver costs, making ML and AI automatically faster.
What would you have chosen as your career if you hadn't gone into CS?
Physics, I guess, but back then I did not see any other option than Computer Science.
What do you wish you had known as a Ph.D. student or early researcher?
That "sleep is for post-docs," as Michael Littman once said.
Artificial Intelligence = Machine Learning. What's wrong with this equation?
Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are indeed similar, but not quite the same. AI is about problem solving, reasoning, and learning in general. To keep it simple, if you can write a very clever program that shows intelligent behavior, it can be AI. But unless the program is automatically learned from data, it is not ML. The easiest way to think of their relationship is to visualize them as concentric circles with AI first and ML sitting inside (with deep learning fitting inside both), since ML also requires to write programs, namely, of the learning process. The crucial point is that they share the idea of using computation as the language for intelligent behavior.
As you experienced AI research and education in the US and in Europe, what are the biggest differences between the two systems and what can we learn from each other?
If you present a new idea, US people will usually respond with "Sounds great, let's do it!", while the typical German reply is "This won't work because …". Here, AI is no exception. It is much more critically received in Germany than in the US. However, this also provides research opportunities such as transparent, fair and explainable AI. Generally, over the past three decades, academia and industry have been converging philosophically and phys cally much more in the US than in Germany. This facilitate the transfer of AI knowledge via well-trained, constantly learning AI experts, who can then continuously create new ideas within the company/university and keep pace with the AI development. To foster AI research and education, the department structure and tenure-track system common in the US is beneficial. On the other hand, Germany is offering access to free higher education to all students, regardless of their origin. AI has no borders. We have to take it from the ivory towers and make it accessible for all.
What is the most interesting project you are currently involved with?
Deep learning has made striking advances in enabling computers to perform tasks like recognizing faces or objects, but it does not show the general, flexible intelligence that lets people solve problems without being specially trained to do so. Thus, it is time to boost its IQ. Currently, we are working on deep learning approaches based on sum-product networks and other arithmetic circuits that explicitly quantify uncertainty. Together with colleagues—also from the Centre of Cognitive Science—we combining the resulting probabilistic deep learning with probabilistic (logical) programming languages. If successful, this would be a big step forward in programming languages, machine learning and AI.
AI is grown up – it's time to make use of it for good. Which real-world problem would you like to see solved by AI in the future?
Due to climate change, population growth and food security concerns the world has to seek more innovative approaches to protecting and improving crop yield. AI should play a major role here. Next to feeding a hungry world, AI should aim to help eradicate disease and poverty.
We currently observe many promising and exciting advances in using AI in education, going beyond automating Piazza answering, how should we make use of AI to teach AI?
AI can be seen as an expanding and evolving network of ideas, scholars, papers, codes and showcases. Can machines read this data? We should establish the "AI Genome", a dataset, a knowledge base, an ongoing effort to learn and reason about AI problems, concepts, algorithms, and experiments. This would not only help to curate and personalize the learning experience but also to meet the challenges of reproducible AI research. It would make AI truly accessible for all.
What is your favorite AI-related movie or book and why?
"Ex Machina" because the Turing test is shaping its plot. It makes me think about current real-life systems that give the impression that they pass the test. However, I think AI is hard than many people think.
Author Marion NeumannPosted on November 27, 2018 November 27, 2018 Categories InterviewsLeave a comment on Interview with Kristian Kersting
Pew Report on Attitudes Toward Algorithms
Pew Research Center just released a report Public Attitudes Toward Computer Algorithms, reported by Aaron Smith, on Americans' concerns about fairness and effectiveness in making important decisions. The report says "This skepticism spans several dimensions. At a broad level, 58% of Americans feel that computer programs will always reflect some level of human bias – although 40% think these programs can be designed in a way that is bias-free. And in various contexts, the public worries that these tools might violate privacy, fail to capture the nuance of complex situations, or simply put the people they are evaluating in an unfair situation. Public perceptions of algorithmic decision-making are also often highly contextual … the survey presented respondents with four different scenarios in which computers make decisions by collecting and analyzing large quantities of public and private data. Each of these scenarios were based on real-world examples of algorithmic decision-making … and included: a personal finance score used to offer consumers deals or discounts; a criminal risk assessment of people up for parole; an automated resume screening program for job applicants; and a computer-based analysis of job interviews. The survey also included questions about the content that users are exposed to on social media platforms as a way to gauge opinions of more consumer-facing algorithms."
The report is available at http://www.pewinternet.org/2018/11/16/public-attitudes-toward-computer-algorithms/
Author Larry MedskerPosted on November 18, 2018 November 18, 2018 Categories PolicyLeave a comment on Pew Report on Attitudes Toward Algorithms
Joint AAAI/ACM SIGAI Doctoral Dissertation Award
The Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM SIGAI) and the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) are happy to announce that they have established the Joint AAAI/ACM SIGAI Doctoral Dissertation Award to recognize and encourage superior research and writing by doctoral candidates in artificial intelligence. This annual award is presented at the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence in the form of a certificate and is accompanied by the option to present the dissertation at the AAAI conference as well as to submit one 6-page summary for both the AAAI proceedings and the newsletter of ACM SIGAI. Up to two Honorable Mentions may also be awarded, also with the option to present their dissertations at the AAAI conference as well as submit one 6-page summary for both the AAAI proceedings and the newsletter of ACM SIGAI. The award will be presented for the first time at the AAAI conference in 2020 for dissertations that have been successfully defended (but not necessarily finalized) between October 1, 2018 and September 30, 2019. Nominations are welcome from any country, but only English language versions will be accepted. Only one nomination may be submitted per Ph.D. granting institution, including large universities. Dissertations will be reviewed for relevance to artificial intelligence, technical depth and significance of the research contribution, potential impact on theory and practice, and quality of presentation. The details of the nomination process will be announced in early 2019.
Author aimattersPosted on November 16, 2018 Categories UncategorizedLeave a comment on Joint AAAI/ACM SIGAI Doctoral Dissertation Award
Legal AI
AI is impacting law and policy issues as both a tool and a subject area. Advances in AI provide tools for carrying out legal work in business and government, and the use of AI in all parts of society is creating new demands and challenges for the legal profession.
Lawyers and AI Tools
In a recent study, "20 top US corporate lawyers with decades of experience in corporate law and contract review were pitted against an AI. Their task was to spot issues in five Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDAs), which are a contractual basis for most business deals." The LawGeex AI system attempted correct identification of basic legal principles in contracts The results suggest that AI systems can produce higher accuracy in shorter times compared to lawyers. As with other areas of AI applications, issues include trust in automation to make skilled legal decisions, safety in using AI systems, and impacts on the workforce of the future. For legal work, AI systems potentially reduce the time needed for high-volume and low-risk contracts and give lawyers more time to work on less mundane work. Policies should focus on automation where possible and safe, and the AI for legal work is another example of the need for collaborative roles for human and AI systems.
AI Impact on Litigation
The other side of tools and content is the emerging litigation in all parts of society from the use of AI. Understanding the nature of adaptive AI systems can be crucial for fact-finders and difficult to explain to non-experts. Smart policymaking needs to make clear the liability issues and ethics in cases involving the use of AI technology. Artificial Intelligence and the Role of Expert Witnesses in AI Litigation by Dani Alexis Ryskamp, writing for The Expert Institute, discusses artificial intelligence in civil claims and the role of expert witnesses in elucidating the complexities of the technology in the context of litigation. "Over the past few decades, everything from motor vehicles to household appliances has become more complex and, in many cases, artificial intelligence only adds to that complexity. For end-users of AI products, determining what went wrong and whose negligence was responsible can be bafflingly complex. Experts retained in AI cases typically come from fields like computer or mechanical engineering, information systems, data analysis, robotics, and programming. They may specialize in questions surrounding hardware, software, 3D-printing, biomechanics, Bayesian logic, e-commerce, or other disciplines. The European Commission recently considered the question of whether to give legal status to certain robots. One of the issues weighed in the decision involved legal liability: if an AI-based robot or system, acting autonomously, injures a person, who is liable?"
Author Larry MedskerPosted on November 1, 2018 November 1, 2018 Categories PolicyLeave a comment on Legal AI
FTC Hearing on AI and Algorithms
FTC Hearing on AI and Algorithms: November 13 and 14 in Washington, DC
From the FTC: The hearing will examine competition and consumer protection issues associated with the use of algorithms, artificial intelligence, and predictive analytics in business decisions and conduct. See detailed agenda. The record of that proceeding will be open until mid-February. To further its consideration of these issues, the agency seeks public comment on the questions, and it welcomes input on other related topics not specifically listed in the 25 questions.
Please send your thoughts to lrm@gwu.edu on what SIGAI might submit in response to the 25 specific questions posed by the Commission. See below. The hearing will inform the FTC, other policymakers, and the public of
* the current and potential uses of these technologies;
* the ethical and consumer protection issues that are associated with the use of these technologies;
* how the competitive dynamics of firm and industry conduct are affected by the use of these technologies; and
* policy, innovation, and market considerations associated with the use of these technologies.
25 specific questions posed by the FTC
Background on Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, and Predictive Analytics, and Applications of the Technologies
What features distinguish products or services that use algorithms, artificial intelligence, or predictive analytics? In which industries or business sectors are they most prevalent?
What factors have facilitated the development or advancement of these technologies? What types of resources were involved (e.g., human capital, financial, other)?
Are there factors that have impeded the development of these technologies? Are there factors that could impede further development of these technologies?
What are the advantages and disadvantages for consumers and for businesses of utilizing products or services facilitated by algorithms, artificial intelligence, or predictive analytics?
From a technical perspective, is it sometimes impossible to ascertain the basis for a result produced by these technologies? If so, what concerns does this raise?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of developing technologies for which the basis for the results can or cannot be determined? What criteria should determine when a "black box" system is acceptable, or when a result should be explainable?
Common Principles and Ethics in the Development and Use of Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, and Predictive Analytics
What are the main ethical issues (e.g., susceptibility to bias) associated with these technologies? How are the relevant affected parties (e.g., technologists, the business community, government, consumer groups, etc.) proposing to address these ethical issues? What challenges might arise in addressing them?
Are there ethical concerns raised by these technologies that are not also raised by traditional computer programming techniques or by human decision-making? Are the concerns raised by these technologies greater or less than those of traditional computer programming or human decision-making? Why or why not?
Is industry self-regulation and government enforcement of existing laws sufficient to address concerns, or are new laws or regulations necessary?
Should ethical guidelines and common principles be tailored to the type of technology involved, or should the goal be to develop one overarching set of best practices?
Consumer Protection Issues Related to Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, and Predictive Analytics
What are the main consumer protection issues raised by algorithms, artificial intelligence, and predictive analytics?
How well do the FTC's current enforcement tools, including the FTC Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, address issues raised by these technologies?
In recent years, the FTC has held public forums to examine the consumer protection questions raised by artificial intelligence as used in certain contexts (e.g., the 2017 FinTech Forum on artificial intelligence and blockchain and the 2011 Face Facts Forum on facial recognition technology). Since those events, have technological advancements, or the increased prevalence of certain technologies, raised new or increased consumer protection concerns?
What roles should explainability, risk management, and human control play in the implementation of these technologies?
What choices and notice should consumers have regarding the use of these technologies?
What educational role should the FTC play with respect to these technologies? What would be most useful to consumers?
Competition Issues Related to Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, and Predictive Analytics
Does the use of algorithms, artificial intelligence, and predictive analytics currently raise particular antitrust concerns (including, but not limited to, concerns about algorithmic collusion)?
What antitrust concerns could arise in the future with respect to these technologies?
Is the current antitrust framework for analyzing mergers and conduct sufficient to address any competition issues that are associated with the use of these technologies? If not, why not, and how should the current legal framework be modified?
To what degree do any antitrust concerns raised by these technologies depend on the industry or type of use?
Other Policy Questions
How are these technologies affecting competition, innovation, and consumer choices in the industries and business sectors in which they are used today? How might they do so in the future?
How quickly are these technologies advancing? What are the implications of that pace of technological development from a policy perspective?
How can regulators meet legitimate regulatory goals that may be raised in connection with these technologies without unduly hindering competition or innovation?
Are there tensions between consumer protection and competition policy with respect to these technologies? If so, what are they, and how should they be addressed?
What responsibility does a company utilizing these technologies bear for consumer injury arising from its use of these technologies? Can current laws and regulations address such injuries? Why or why not?
Comments can be submitted online and should be submitted no later than February 15, 2019. If any entity has provided funding for research, analysis, or commentary that is included in a submitted public comment, such funding and its source should be identified on the first page of the comment.
Author Larry MedskerPosted on November 1, 2018 November 1, 2018 Categories News, Policy1 Comment on FTC Hearing on AI and Algorithms
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Email notification when a notes user or iNotes user successfully login or connect to the server.
Settings which can have email notification for instance when a notes user or iNotes user connect to the server successfully.
Having statistics on how often a group or a mail-in db is used would ease the cleaning of these objects.
Currently we can generate message tracking reports like Top 25 senders, Top 25 recipients by size etc. There is a feature request to increase this count upto 50,000 or all users so that we can get more data from message tracking reports.
since Immediate Full text index is impacting performance, there should be a way find way to detect it. Extra column in Administrator, or field in catalog.nsf This is easy to implement, big impact on ease of use and performance.
Customer wants to know if there is any way to get notified how many emails got failed to delivered or when router generated delivery failure report.


Only take jobs you are qualified to do. You may be tempted to take whatever work you can find, but your clients will be able to tell if you know what you are doing. Attorneys won't appreciate wasting time working with someone who doesn't have the appropriate skill level. In addition, if your plan is to educate yourself so you can do the project, you won't be making a lot of money. Time is money so the longer it takes you to complete the project, the less you make.
Follow instructions. You should be clear on exactly what your work does and doesn't entail. If you aren't sure, then ask. If you think something should be done differently, talk to the attorney first to clarify their expectations.
Communicate clearly and consistently. Ask your clients upfront who to contact at the firm with questions and what is the best way to communicate with them – email, phone, or other method. If you have questions or need information, ask for it promptly. Don't wait until the last minute.
Meet deadlines. One of the top reasons that firms look for a freelance attorney is that they don't have the time to do the work themselves, so meeting deadlines is essential. If an emergency comes up and you can't complete the work, you must be honest about it and inform the firm immediately – don't wait. If the work needs to be transitioned to someone else, you need to do what you can to facilitate the transition and give them any work in progress.
Be professional. You should always be courteous and respectful to everyone you work with or come into contact with no matter their position. Be available when you said you would be available; don't be late for phone calls or delivering any materials; and provide regular updates.
Always adhere to the highest ethical standards. As an attorney, you are subject to certain standards regarding your skill, confidentiality and other obligations. Just because you may be working in a freelance role doesn't mean these ethical obligations go way. If anything, you should strive to adhere to them at an even higher level to impress the hiring attorney.
Deliver your very best work product. You should aim to exceed expectations. Be thorough, take your time and double check your work. The best way to ensure you will be rehired is to do a good job. It's your best reference.
Are you considering becoming a freelance attorney? Freelancing provides lawyers with the personal freedom to work when and where they want, on the projects they chose. Learn more about the benefits of freelancing or contact LAWCLERK™ to find out how we can help you build a business as a freelance attorney.


text:
Home News Business OS celebrates 5 yrs of funding new ventures that use geography, open...
OS celebrates 5 yrs of funding new ventures that use geography, open data
UK: The national mapping agency of Great Britain, Ordnance Survey, is celebrating five years of funding new ventures that use geography and open data. Ordnance Survey opened its first GeoVation Challenge, in Oct 2009, to identify and launch new ventures that had found innovative ways of using geography and open data to solve real-world problems. Out of 166 submissions, three were selected to share £22,000 in start-up funding and to receive Ordnance Survey's ongoing support that would see their ideas made real.
Ordnance Survey has since run six more GeoVation Challenges, and has so far created 28 new ventures, awarded £640,000 in funding, and is currently running a challenge with Land Registry to improve the way we do housing.
Chris Parker, GeoVation co-founder and head of the programme, said, "Geography underpins all we do in life – everything happens somewhere. GeoVation was created to generate meaningful social, economic and environmental value using collaboration, innovation and open data. Our methodology of: 'Innovation = problem x solution x execution' means a business or venture that is well grounded in a problem worth solving, with a well scoped solution and a business model that sustains the solution to that problem has most chance of success. Ideas may start out locally, but must be scalable to offer solutions UK wide or even globally.
Chris continues: "By pushing the use of open data through GeoVation Challenges, Ordnance Survey has been invited to networking opportunities it previously would have been excluded from. This has meant that our view of the horizon has been greatly improved and the challenges have also enabled us to gain valuable insights and feedback about our open data, and the other products and services we offer.
Briony Phillips, Programme Manager of the Open Data Challenge Series, Open Data Institute said, "The Open Data Institute offers warm congratulations to GeoVation as they reach this significant milestone, and continue to play an important part in the inspiration for, and ongoing support of, so many socially focused ventures."
Source: Ordnance Survey
Ordinance Survey
Previous articleEuropean Commission, ESA sign €3bn Copernicus contract
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Ordnance Survey appoints John Clarke as Non-Executive Director
Geospatial data fuel for the digital economy
Ordnance Survey data made freely available to small businesses
Airbus to run UK MOD's land C4ISR test centre 07/19/2019


Update: Not sure why he hasn't been adopted yet. Since he has been at the store he has had the opportunity to roam and interact with 2 other cats (one male and one female). He has had no problem with these guys. He also is very interested in dogs that come by the store. Doesn't seem to have an issue there either.
Are you looking for a big, handsome boy to hang out with? I'm Kip and I'm your man! I had a bad experience with a lady cat so I'd really prefer not to live with one. I'm okay with other males but my purrference would to be the only cat around. Human ladies are of course welcome!


I am today posting 10 random architecture photos from my dear Barcelona.
One of the things that often comes to mind when thinking about Barcelona for a lot of people is the stunning, fabulous, fun, original, very old and very modern architecture.
Again, I'll let 10 pictures do the talking.
The day(s) I go back to visit Barcelona will be busy ones, I keep thinking of all the places I would go... Soak in the atmosphere and admire all the beauty at every turn.
Oh wow, so fantastic! Love the architecture. Sometimes it almost looks unreal!
Thank you Katrin! I completely agree. This city is awe-inspiring!
Barcelona has an admirable architecture. Beautiful pictures!
Thank you Monika, I'd never get tired of walking around this city looking at all the amazing architecture!
Wow! That is some incredible architecture!
This was a nice little virtual escape for me today. Stunning.
That is nice to hear Tina!
hola. lovely images and some places ive never seen. are feeling homesick for barcelona? i do understand how it gets into your heart nowhere else. even living just 30 km away i miss it and every time i go i feel great when i get off the train and pop out on passeig de gracia.
Barcelona has captured a piece of my heart and I think I will always be a little homesick wherever I am! I just pictured myself getting off the train and popping out on Passeig de Gracia and it made me smile! Enjoy it!
I really adore Barcelona's quirkiness!
Oh, Ashley, I do toooooo.


Despite suffering a 4-0 loss to Belize in its first game of the Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF) League of Nations tournament, team Bahamas head coach Dion Godet said that there were a lot of positives that he took away from the inaugural game.
Team Bahamas held Belize scoreless until the 40th minute of play. However, it gave up four goals by the 80th minute. Belize more than tripled the number of shots The Bahamas had at the goal, finishing with 19, compared to just four.
"Although the score was 4-0, we were able to see a lot from our young players. They never quit at any point in the match," Godet said.
"We saw attitudes that were conducive to winning. We had a lot of turnovers midfield, so, it may have appeared that we were playing with more of a defensive strategy, even though we were playing to score and wanted to display an aggressive offensive strategy.
Team Bahamas now moves on to play Antigua and Barbuda in their next League of Nations preliminary game. That game is set for October 12 in Nassau. Kickoff is set for 6 p.m.
The Bahamas is currently ranked 32nd out of the 34 teams competing in the League of Nations.


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Home > Dispute Resolution > 'Iniquity Exception' Extends to Breaches of a Director's Statutory Duty
'Iniquity Exception' Extends to Breaches of a Director's Statutory Duty
By Latham & Watkins LLP on October 5, 2020 Posted in Dispute Resolution
English High Court holds that alleged breaches of a director's statutory duties can engage the 'iniquity exception', which disapplies legal professional privilege under certain conditions.
By Stuart Alford QC and George Schurr
In Barrowfen Properties v Girish Dahyanhai Patel & Ors.,[i] the English High Court held that the 'iniquity exception' to legal professional privilege will become engaged if:
An applicant can establish a "strong prima facie case" that a respondent director has breached at least one of their statutory directors' duties.[ii]
Either of the following is true:
Those allegations involve fraud, dishonesty, bad faith, or sharp practice.
The director consciously or deliberately preferred their own interests over the interests of the company, and did so "under a cloak of secrecy".
The court held that the appropriate standard of proof in such circumstances ("a strong prima facie case") is a lower threshold than both (i) the balance of probabilities, and (ii) the summary judgment test (no real prospect of success).
The claimant applied to challenge the defendants' assertion to withhold the disclosure of certain documents in the substantive proceedings on the basis of legal professional privilege, which were created pursuant to a joint attorney-client retainer between (i) the claimant, first and third defendants, and (ii) the second defendant (being their legal advisers). This application was brought in the context of a complex intra-family dispute dating back to 2013 regarding the control of the claimant company and various family trusts (being shareholders in the claimant).
In its substantive claim, the claimant alleged various breaches by the first defendant of his duties as a director of the claimant company, including the making of improper amendments to the register of members, alleged forgery of various resignation letters, and schemes to improperly force the claimant into administration for personal gain. As against the second defendant (a firm of solicitors retained to advise the claimant, first defendant, and third defendant), the claimant alleged breaches of fiduciary duties and common law duty of care, dishonest assistance to the first defendant, deceit, and unlawful means conspiracy.
The claimant brought the application on two grounds:
Joint attorney-client retainer: Neither client is entitled to assert legal professional privilege against the other where documents and/or communications are created pursuant to a joint attorney-client retainer.
The 'iniquity exception': A party may not assert legal professional privilege to protect the disclosure of otherwise privileged documents and/or communications that were created for the purpose of furthering a criminal or fraudulent purpose.
Mr. Leech QC (sitting as a judge of the Chancery Division) granted the claimant's application for the following reasons.
Joint Retainer
The judge first briefly considered the settled legal position regarding the disclosure of documents created pursuant to a joint attorney-client retainer. In light of the clear authorities, the judge held that, absent an explanation justifying the departure from the general rule, the default position ought to be that the claimant was entitled to the disclosure and production by the defendants of all privileged documents and/or communications created pursuant to the joint attorney-client retainer.
Iniquity Exception
The judge then turned to the legal principles underlying the 'iniquity exception', considering both its scope and the necessary standard of proof that must be established on the facts.
As to its scope, the court noted that it is well-established that the iniquity exception is not limited to criminal acts or fraudulent misrepresentations; rather, fraud "in a relatively wide sense" is sufficient to engage the exception [33]. As such, the court followed the dicta of Norris J in BBGP v Babcock,[iii] who held that the iniquity exception applies in cases in which "… the wrongdoer has gone beyond conduct which merely amounts to a civil wrong; he has indulged in sharp practice, something of an underhand nature where the circumstances required good faith, something which commercial men would say was a fraud or which the law treats as entirely contrary to public policy" [33].
In the context of alleged breaches of a director's statutory duties under ss. 172-175 and 177 Companies Act 2006, the judge found that the iniquity exception would be engaged (by analogy with BBGP v Babcock) if such allegations involve "fraud, dishonesty, bad faith or sharp practice or where the director consciously or deliberately prefers his or her own interests over the interests of the company and does so 'under a cloak of secrecy'" [35].
As to the relevant standard of proof required to engage the iniquity exception, the court followed the standard applied by Master Clark in Addlesee v Dentons,[iv] in which it was held that the appropriate standard to engage the exception was "a strong prima facie case", which "sets a lower threshold than balance of probabilities; and, of course, lower than the summary judgment test of showing that the defendant has no real prospect of success" [cited at 36].
Applying these principles to the alleged breaches by the first defendant of his statutory duties, the court considered evidence that the first defendant:
Improperly amended the claimant's register of members to exclude, and fraudulently vote on behalf of, various shareholders
Forged a fellow director's letter of resignation
Forged a letter of resignation of certain trustee shareholders of the claimant company (purporting to show the first defendant as having been appointed as replacement trustee
Designed and implemented a plan to place the claimant into administration so that the first defendant could purchase (acting through the third defendant) real property belonging to the claimant (being the claimant's principal asset)
Taking each in turn, the judge was satisfied "that there is a very strong prima facie case that [the first defendant] removed the relevant pages or records showing that [the prejudiced shareholder] was the registered holder of 60,000 shares in [the claimant] before he sent the register to [the second defendant] on 14 April 2014 and that he then took steps to prevent or delay the register being rectified" [49]. In light of this, the court found that the claimant "has a very strong prima facie case that those actions amounted to a breach of [the first defendant's] statutory duties" [51]. The judge was also satisfied that there was a "strong prima facie case" that the first defendant wrote up the register of members in a way that enabled him to improperly vote on behalf of certain shareholders, and did so in a manner designed to maintain his personal control over the claimant company [77].
The judge confirmed he was satisfied "that the iniquity exception is engaged in relation to these breaches of duty", as the destruction by a director of part of a register of members "amounts without questions to fraud (in the wide sense, dishonesty or bad faith. Put another way, there is a very strong prima facie case that [the first defendant] consciously or deliberately preferred his own interests over the interests of [the claimant] 'under a cloak of secrecy'" [55]. The judge also found the iniquity exception engaged in relation to the first defendant's improper writing up of the register, concluding that "this falls within the scope of the exception as, at the very least, conduct which is 'sharp practice, something of an underhand nature where the circumstances required good faith'" [79].
As to the resignation letters, the judge also found that the claimant had a "very strong prima facie case" [62] that the director resignation letter in question was forged, and a "strong prima facie case" [71] that the trustee resignation letter in question was forged. Using identical language to that already referred to in respect of the first defendant's 'sharp practice' vis-à-vis the register of members, the judge was consequently satisfied that the iniquity exception was engaged (see [66] & [73]).
Finally, the judge also found a "strong prima facie case" [88] that the first defendant designed and implemented a scheme to improperly place the claimant company into administration for his own benefit. The iniquity exception was once more found to be engaged, as "a director of a company who deliberately attempts to exploit a corporate opportunity by implementing a secret plan to put it into administration and acquire its principal asset is not acting honestly or in good faith" [94].
For these reasons, the court granted the application and held that:
The iniquity exception was engaged as a result of strong prima facie evidence of numerous breaches by the first defendant of his statutory duties as a director of the claimant company, each involving elements of fraud, dishonesty, bad faith, or sharp practice, or evidence that the first defendant consciously or deliberately preferred his own interests over the interests of the claimant and did so "under a cloak of secrecy".
The claimant was entitled as of right to disclosure and production of all privileged documents created by the second defendant pursuant to the joint attorney-client retainer between (i) the claimant, first and third defendants, and (ii) the second defendant (as their legal advisers).
In light of these findings, the defendants should therefore disclose to the claimant all privileged documents between (i) the first and third defendants, and (ii) the second defendant, in relation to the claimant's pleaded claims.
This case shows that legal professional privilege cannot be deployed in the English courts to shield the disclosure of otherwise privileged documents created in the course of dishonest or sharp practice (that falls short of serious or clearly fraudulent behavior) by a company director. To engage the iniquity exception, it is sufficient for an applicant to establish only a "strong prima facie case" of breach by the respondent director of their statutory directors' duties involving sharp practice, bad faith, dishonest, fraudulent, or self-interested behavior (under a "cloak of secrecy"). Given the relatively low standard of proof required to engage this exception, this type of application may be made more often, where directors are involved in wrongdoing and seek to withhold key documents on grounds of privilege.
[i] Barrowfen Properties Ltd v (1) Girish Dahyabhai Patel (2) Stevens & Bolton LLP (3) Barrowfen Properties II Limited [2020] EWHC 2536 (Ch).
[ii] ss. 172-175 & s. 177 Companies Act 2006.
[iii] BBGP Managing General Partner Ltd v Babcock & Brown Global Partners [2011] Ch 296.
[iv] Addlesee v Dentons Europe LLP [2020] Ch 243.
Tags: dispute resolution, English High Court, legal professional privilege


text:
An app that allows a user to select a recipe and see video-guided steps for how to complete it.

## Screenshots
[![Recipes](https://s27.postimg.org/fyatzx83n/0648b2d1-7c4a-42b0-af6f-ce941c14a29e.png)](https://postimg.org/image/isdzdda9r/)
[![Recipe Steps](https://s27.postimg.org/jvy3pbuwz/c0e50e63-7b4e-48a9-b360-3f3e84dd9f9f.png)](https://postimg.org/image/9lvoq351b/)

## License
    MIT License

    Copyright (c) 2017 wduqu001

    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
    of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
    in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
    to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
    copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
    furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
    copies or substantial portions of the Software.

    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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Nov 21, 2009 Comments Off on Irish News letters page: Act provides facts
Act provides facts
Irish News letters page
T Molloy, Belfast 11
Sean Flynn (The Irish News, October 17) says that he visited INLA hunger strikers on July 5 1981 and they were not aware that talks were going on in the background.
He says he saw Danny Morrison in the prison. Morrison says he did not see Flynn and he believes that Flynn has mixed up his dates.
This can be resolved very easily. Under the Freedom of Information Act Morrison applied for details of all visits to the hunger strikers on July 5 1981.
He received a facsimile of a document which proves that he visited all the hunger strikers (thus suggesting that he did tell the INLA men about talks).
Why doesn't Sean Flynn do the same – apply under the Freedom of Information Act to prove that he visited the H-blocks on Sunday, July 5 1981?
Sourced from the Irish News
Only an inquiry can solve 1981 Hunger Strike issues
Gerard Foster, Andersonstown
Having read the two articles on the 1981 Hunger Strike issue (Irish News, October 22) of an offer made by the British, a number of things jumped out at me.
Firstly, how Richard O'Rawe stuck to asking questions and quoting named sources to make the points that he wanted to make of the 'kitchen cabinet' led by Gerry Adams. How he dealt with those who are trying to deride the debate using emotional points instead of answering the questions asked or trying to say that those who believe there is a version different from the Adams and Co line are calling the hunger strikers "dupes" or "fools".
Secondly, in the article by Bernard Fox he was unable or unwilling to answer the points made by the Republicans who do not toe the Adams line. He was critical of the former Blanketmen who are asking questions about July 1981, as to "why they would wait all these years to bring this out".
Yet he himself said in the same article "It took me 20 years before I could even speak openly about my experiences".
Surely Bernard that answers your own point about the time span?
Bernard says he is emotional and raw even now for him and these claims just add to the pain, and then says he can only imagine what it must be like for the families of the 10 lads. Again he is using the Adams technique of tugging at people's hearts by talking about the families and their pain instead of answering the questions. He seems to forget that at least two of the families are asking for an inquiry into the July 1981 offer.
Is their hurt and pain any less than the other families?
Thirdly, Bernard also states he has no time for inquiries and goes on to say "what is needed is the truth and it would be naive to think the British will ever tell the truth".
We don't need the British to tell the truth, what is needed is for the kitchen cabinet to answer the questions asked instead of running away from the issue and playing on people's emotions, changing their version of the events in July 1981, contradicting each other and themselves. Why has Bernard avoided these things instead of telling us that "we [the prisoners] knew he [Bik] wasn't going to let us down"?
Yet even Bik has changed his version a number of times of what actually happened in July 1981.
Not very reassuring is it?
Lastly, Bernard criticised claims the last six hunger strikers were allowed to die "in order to maximise electoral support for Sinn Fein". I would ask Bernard who is making these claims? I know of nobody asking for the inquiry who is also claiming this.
An inquiry will look at what happened in July 1981 asking all those involved in the Mountain Climber offer what part they played and were the prisoners told everything. After it concludes with its findings then people will be asked why they acted the way they did and for what reasons. Adams and his kitchen cabinet cannot hide behind closed doors at private meetings hoping this will go away, it will not. Tony O'Hara in the letters page in the same issue of The Irish News asks questions of Gerry Adams that cannot be avoided much longer.
Nov 17, 2009 Comments Off on Irish News letters page: The Facts of the Hunger Strike Have Already Been Established
The facts of the hunger strikes have already been established
Carrie Twomey
Brendan Hughes's second anniversary is coming up in February. Manus McDaid (October 26) seems to think that because he is not long dead, no one can know his reasons for ending the first hunger strike – "we can only surmise", he writes.
Actually, we can, and do know his reasons. They are documented in numerous books and interviews. As well, many former prisoners of the time know the truth.
It is not a matter of guessing, as Brendan was very forthright about the issue, even within the pages of The Irish News, where he wrote:
"As the IRA leader in charge of that hunger strike I had given Sean McKenna a guarantee that were he to lapse into a coma I would not permit him to die.
"When the awful moment arrived I kept my word to him.
"Having made that promise, to renege on it once Sean had reached a point where he was no longer capable of making a decision for himself, I would have been guilty of his murder.
"Twenty-five years on, I have no reason to change my mind that the decision I made to save the life of Sean McKenna was the proper one.
"Faced with similar circumstances I would do the same again.
"History may judge my actions differently but preventing Sean McKenna from becoming history rather than my own place in history was my prevailing concern." (July 13 2006)
And yes, I also heard it from Brendan personally, having spoken with him about this on a number of occasions. It was a time that weighed heavily on his heart until his dying day. I do personally know how much he suffered.
The facts of the second hunger strike have also been established: in early July there was a substantial offer from Thatcher that contained four of the five demands, the prison leadership accepted that offer, they were over-ruled by their representatives on the outside and the hunger strike was prolonged a further four months, with six young men dying needlessly.
The British had their offer in writing ready to go into the prison and to the press – this is now a matter of historical record, thanks to FOI (Freedom of Information) release of documents.
"The statement has now been read and we await provo reactions (we would be willing to allow them a sight of the document just before it is given to the prisoners and released to the press)" – Extract from a Telegram from the Northern Ireland Office to the Cabinet Office.
This internal document is very clear about the sequence of events the British were going to follow.
All they were waiting for was the word of Gerry Adams, to tell them the prisoners would accept the offer.
The distrust was mutual; the British would not move without knowing the answer would be yes ahead of time. This choreography, as we have come to know so well from the machinations of the peace process, is typical of the British and their relationship with Sinn Fein.
The prisoners would not have been left without recourse had Adams given the British the indication they needed to seal the deal, if the offer was dubious. But they were never given the chance. They were told nothing.
According to Laurence McKeown's own account, Adams went in to the hunger strikers and said nothing was on the table, there was no movement from the British. He said this to Kieran Doherty's parents as their son lay dying in the next room.
Only a few days prior Thatcher was sending Adams drafts of a speech she was prepared to give announcing the ending of the hunger strike, yet we are to believe that Adams was holding out because it was "wanted in writing the response of the British to their five demands".
If Thatcher sending a draft copy of her speech on the ending of the Hunger Strike, for the purpose of taking suggestions from Adams, does not qualify as bona fides indicating the commitment of the British to the offer they had made, what would?
It is ridiculous to hold on to the lie that the ending of the first hunger strike is the reason those managing the Hunger Strike on the outside would not accept Thatcher's offers. The historical record shows that plainly to be complete nonsense. It will only become more evidentially nonsense as time goes on and more information is made available.
Nov 14, 2009 Comments Off on Radio Free Eireann interviews Ruairí Ó Brádaigh
Partial Transcript of Radio Free Eireann
Saturday November 14, 2009 @ 1:16:20 in the show.
John McDonagh (John) of RFE interviews Ruairí Ó Brádaigh (ROB).
John: Yeah, we'll be getting back I guess…I had two questions but I'm gonna have to limit it to the one. And just sitting listening to Ruairi going through his history which is really the history of the Republican Movement here in Ireland or just Irish history for the past sixty years. And he was talking about the talks that he had with the British.
But also there's been a controversy now and its opening up old wounds particularly for the families of the 1981 hunger strikers. Now The Irish News has been running a series of articles who are involved with the negotiations and everything that was going on back in 1981 and Richard O'Rawe, who's written a book about that time frame, and he was a top member of the IRA within the prison, is questioning why the hunger strike went on for so long and so many people had to die.
And Martin Galvin was kind enough to send me two of the questions that he wanted Ruairi to ask.
And I'm just gonna read them on behalf of Richard O'Rawe, it said:
Ruairi, in a recent Irish News special series on the hunger strike, Martin McGuinness confirmed that he received an offer from the British government on the fifth of July, 1981, which he said he passed on to Gerry Adams in Belfast. This is know as the Mountain Climber offer. As President of Sinn Fein at the time, did Gerry Adams, Martin McGuinness or anyone else in the hunger strike committee make you aware of the existence of this offer?
ROB: No.
I was President of Sinn Fein. But Dr. Garret Fitzgerald has gone on the record saying Gerry Adams was President at the time. But, no, I was.
And I had no knowledge of any such offer; and nor had Sinn Fein in general….and not alone that….I believe that the Army Council of the IRA weren't aware of this offer, either.
And I have gone on the record as saying that. And it has been published in The Irish News, the nationalist daily paper in Belfast, in The North, in that regard.
And I sent another letter to the effect that during the interview Richard O'Rawe's name wasn't mentioned by me, nor indeed by the interviewer.
So that's where it is.
Is there another question that John has?
John: No. And I think Ruairi did follow-up on it asking whether the Army Council did know on that.
[John signs off goes on with show, thanking WBAI for its archives that allows listeners from all over the world to hear the show. Clips and pictures will be up on irishfreedom.net.]
Ends @ 1:20:00
Nov 10, 2009 Comments Off on Thomas 'Dixie' Elliott: "We got nothing"
"We got nothing"
by Thomas 'Dixie' Elliott
This is an unedited version of what was carried in the Irish News
I often look back to the time I spent on the blanket protest and feel privileged that I had the honour of spending some of those dark and more often than not, cold and brutal days sharing a cell in the company of Tom McElwee and Bobby Sands. These patriots, like the other brave hunger strikers, dreamt that they would live to bear witness to the unity of the Irish people within the political framework of a thirty-two county socialist republic, and it was for that reason alone that they had been imprisoned. Having spoken to Tom and Bobby and other hunger strikers, I know that they also looked forward to getting out of Long Kesh after completing their sentences and returning to their families. Tragically, it was not to be.
The darkest of those days were the periods of the two hunger strikes and I clearly remember the night of 18 December 1980, when the first hunger strike ended, after Brendan 'The Dark' Hughes called it off in order to save Seán McKenna's life. I was in the leadership wing with Bobby, Bik McFarlane and Richard O'Rawe at that time. Bobby had been to the prison hospital and I looked out the window of my cell and saw him alight from the prison van with shoulders hunched and I knew immediately that something wasn't right. This was confirmed when he walked down the wing and told us: 'Ní fhuaireomar faic,' [we got nothing]. In fact the only thing coming from the British, and it was handed to Gerry Adams by Father Meagher in Belfast, was a document that wasn't worth the paper it was written on and which would never had ended the hunger strike even had The Dark chosen to let Seán die and continue with the fast.
In regards to clothing and work, the most important of our five demands, the document stated: 'As soon as possible all prisoners will be issued with civilian-type clothing for wear during the working day'. We Blanketmen realised instantly that civilian-type clothing was nothing more than a modernised prison uniform and that Bobby had been spot-on when he told us 'Ní fhuaireomar faic,' out of the 1980 hunger strike. That being the case, why do Gerry Adams, Martin McGuinness, and others persist with the claim that the Brits reneged on a deal during the first hunger strike when that is demonstrably untrue? Even more perplexing was the fact that former hunger striker, Bernard Fox, recently supported this claim in an interview with the Irish News.
While I have the greatest respect for Bernard as a former comrade and republican, he nonetheless said something in his interview with profound implications:
I wasn't in the hospital at that time [when Danny Morrison met the hunger strikers on 5 July 1981] and I don't know what the men were told or not told but I do know there was no deal.
He is right, of course; there was no deal between the prisoners and the Brits in early July; had there been a deal, Bernard would not have had to go on hunger strike. But what is astonishing is that he had been on hunger strike for thirty-two days, yet Bernard says that no one had informed him about the Mountain Climber offer which Danny Morrison allegedly relayed to the hunger strikers on 5 July 1981. It goes without saying then that Bernard never set eyes on the Secretary of State, Humphrey Atkins's statement that incorporated the offer, and which was to be released upon the hunger strike ending. That begs the question: how can Bernard reconcile being deliberately kept in ignorance about the potentially life-saving Mountain Climber offer, and still lend his unqualified support for those who took a decision to keep that knowledge from him?
Bernard said he was deeply distressed by allegations that a deal which could have ended the hunger strike was vetoed in order to maximise electoral support for Sinn Féin. I too am deeply distressed, but the more I looked into these claims the more I see that there was a lot more being discussed at the time than a resolution to the hunger strike. In a comm to Gerry Adams, dated 26.7.'81, reproduced on page 334 of Ten Men Dead, Bik talks about 'examining the possibility of contesting elections and actually making full use of seats gained i.e. participating in the Dáil'. He continues: 'Such an idea presents problems within the Movement. How great would the opposition be and what would be the consequences of pursuing a course which did not enjoy a sizeable degree of support?'
Then on August 20th the same day that Micky Devine died, Owen Carron retained Bobby's Fermanagh/South Tyrone seat. Just three days later on August 23rd, Sinn Féin announced that in future it would contest all Northern Ireland elections. The Hunger Strikes ended on October the 3rd and on October 6th Prior implemented exactly what was on offer from July 5th.
On October 31st at the Sinn Fein Ard Fheis Danny Morrison gave his famous ballot box/armalite speech in which he addressed the issue of the party taking part in future elections.
This time-line can be viewed at http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/abstentionism/chron.htm
It shockingly appears that while men were dying and even when the Hunger Strike was still on-going that they were discussing and even pushing through electoralism.
Sourced from The Pensive Quill
Nov 2, 2009 Comments Off on Irish News letters: Judge the hunger strikers on their own brave deeds
Judge the hunger strikers on their own brave deeds
Manus McDaid, Derry
It is my hope that the recent extensive coverage by The Irish News of the Hunger Strike represents the paper's contribution to the search for closure on this painful long-running argument about British intentions during the strike.
It is evident that there are those who have simply taken the word of the British on this matter although the British themselves are reticent to speak about it.
There are also some who forget or choose to forget the first Hunger Strike ended when the men on strike took the British at their word.
As I wrote before, these men were double-crossed.
I believe the men who went on the second Hunger Strike were well aware of that.
They were not going to make the same mistake and accept the word of a duplicitous British government. They wanted their demands agreed in writing and confirmed by a British official in person.
This, to my best knowledge, never happened.
I note Mr O'Rawe via one Mr Liam Clarke says the secretary of state "would release a statement" in the event of the Hunger Strike.
This is more British double-speak. Truly, if a British official told me the day of the week, I would immediately reach for my diary.
I believe the men who died on hunger strike knew of the knavery of their opponents who could find space between truth and untruth where they could play with words.
It is here that the fortitude and might of the men on hunger strike ought to be measured, not by a welter of 'what if' rhetoric type of questions, nor by those seeking political gain, nor by those trying to make a quick buck out of the sacrifices made in support of their comrades in Long Kesh and Armagh Jail.


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Philip, Gill (2004) Habeas Corpus: direct access, salience, and delexicalisation in corpus-based metaphor studies. A cura di: Barnden, John ; Barcelona, Antonio. In: Mind, Language and Metaphor: the Processing of Metaphor and Metonymy – From Computers to Neuropsychology., 24-29 aprile 2004, Granada, Spagna.
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text:
from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter

from todo import models
from djangle import views

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