Five Men Agree To Stand Directly Under An Exploding Nuclear Bomb : Krulwich Wonders... The country was just beginning to worry about nuclear fallout, and the Air Force wanted to reassure people that it was OK to use atomic weapons. And so on July 19, 1957, five Air Force officers stood on a patch of ground in the Nevada desert and waited for the bomb to drop.
Updated July 18, 2012: We have added an update to this post, which you can find below the original. Click here to read about what happened to the men.
They weren't crazy. They weren't being punished. All but one volunteered to do this (which makes it all the more astonishing).
On July 19, 1957, five Air Force officers and one photographer stood together on a patch of ground about 65 miles northwest of Las Vegas. They'd marked the spot "Ground Zero. Population 5" on a hand-lettered sign hammered into the soft ground right next to them.
As we watch, directly overhead, two F-89 jets roar into view, and one of them shoots off a nuclear missile carrying an atomic warhead.
They wait. There is a countdown; 18,500 feet above them, the missile is detonated and blows up. Which means, these men intentionally stood directly underneath an exploding 2-kiloton nuclear bomb. One of them, at the key moment (he's wearing sunglasses), looks up. You have to see this to believe it.
Who are these guys? And why is the narrator joyously shouting, "It happened! The mounds are vibrating. It is tremendous! Directly above our heads! Aaah!"
This footage comes from our government's archives. It was shot by the U.S. Air Force (at the behest of Col. Arthur B. "Barney" Oldfield, public information officer for the Continental Air Defense Command in Colorado Springs) to demonstrate the relative safety of a low-grade nuclear exchange in the atmosphere. Two colonels, two majors and a fifth officer agreed to stand right below the blast. Only the cameraman, George Yoshitake, didn't volunteer.
If You Are Hit By Two Atomic Bombs, Should You Have Kids?
Watching this film, there are many things to wonder (and worry) about, but one of the stranger moments is how the bomb bursts in complete silence. We see a sudden white flash. It makes the soldiers flinch. Then there's a pause, a pregnant quiet that lasts for a beat, then another and then — there's a roar. ("There it is! The ground wave!"), after which the sky above seems to go black and the air turns to fire.
Basic physics explains the pause. Because light travels quicker than sound, you see light first, you hear sound later. In most movies (even in government-released atomic bomb blast films), the sound is artificially time shifted to make the flash and the sound appear simultaneous.
But that's not what it's like if you are actually there. Science historian Alex Wellerstein has found an undoctored and deeply frightening recording — which he just posted on Restricted Data; The Nuclear Secrecy Blog.
Put on some headphones and listen to it all the way through — it's much more intimate than any other test film I've seen. You get a much better sense of what these things must have been like, on the ground, as an observer, than from your standard montage of blasts. Murmurs in anticipation; the slow countdown over a megaphone; the reaction at the flash of the bomb; and finally — a sharp bang, followed by a long, thundering growl. That's the sound of the bomb.
It's a sound you would never want to hear in real life, but this a safe way to eavesdrop. Just one warning: For the first two minutes of this video, nothing happens, nothing I could hear, anyway. Then there's a countdown, and at 2:24 from the top ... the bomb bursts; at 2:54 the blast hits.
A lot of you wrote in to ask what happened to the five men in the blog post above, who, in 1957 stood under an exploding atomic bomb. Did they get cancer? Did they suffer later on? Are they still with us?
We checked, of course. I did find a list of the people who were in the film.
Googling through the list, we quickly discovered (as did many of you) that George Yoshitake, the cameraman, was alive, at least as of two years ago. In 2010, he was interviewed in the New York Times and talked about his fellow cameramen who took pictures of atomic bombs. "Quite a few have died from cancer," he told reporter Bill Broad. "No doubt it was related to the testing." Yoshitake's nephew also wrote in and didn't mention his uncle's passing, so I'm guessing that he's now 84 years old and still with us.
As for the others, that's trickier. It's hard to know if a match in names is a real match and I didn't want to make an awkward mistake. I turned to my sleuth friend, science historian Alex Wellerstein (now at the American Institute of Physics) for help here. He told me "Military folks who have died can be found in the Department of Veteran's Affairs Gravesite Locator — and since we think all the video guys were Army and all World War II veterans, we might find some matches.
Maj. Norman Bodinger — unclear (not listed in the database), he may still be alive?
Don Lutrel — I think this is a misspelling of "Luttrell." There is a Donald D. Luttrell in the DVA database, US Army CPL, born 1924, died 1987 (age 63). Seems like a possibility.
If any of you reading think we've messed up, and someone we call dead is alive or alive is dead, please write me immediately. But this is our best effort.
Then there's the matter of perspective. It's a mistake, I think, to focus on six people as if they represent everyone who was exposed to bomb radiation. As Alex said in an email to me, it's more complicated than that.
...lots of people associated with Nevada Test Site operations got cancer over the years, some $150 million has been paid out in compensation to 2,000+ "onsite participants" of nuclear testing, under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act.
The thing is, in that particular explosion, those guys would have been in a pretty safe position. The bomb itself was a small one (by nuclear standards — 2 kilotons) and it was way, way above their heads. They weren't in a zone to be too affected by the immediate radiation. The bomb was small enough and high enough that it wouldn't have sucked up dust to produce much fallout. The remaining cloud would have been full of (nasty) fission products, but it would have been extremely hot and most of it would have stayed aloft until it cooled down, by which point it probably would have been spread more diffusely.
At least the folks in the films volunteered to be there (George excepted) and were given some pre-film training (not terribly useful, but still). That was not the case for a little community downwind from the Nevada Test Site, a place called St. George, Utah.
The folks in St. George were repeatedly hit by uninvited fallout. Alex wrote me that in 1953, one test, codenamed "Harry" actually deposited quite a lot of fallout on St. George, to the point where residents were forced to stay inside for many hours, and prohibited from washing their cars until they became less radioactive.
Over the years, says Alex, the U.S. government has paid some $813 million to more than 16,000 "downwinders" to compensate them for illnesses presumably connected to the bomb testing program. So it is clear that tests like these — often done to demonstrate the safety of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere — were not safe at all.
Some of you may have noticed the nuclear missile video says the explosion took place 10,000 feet above our group of soldiers. Apparently, the video is wrong. The Natural Resources Defense Council checked the numbers and says the explosion, part of Operation PLUMBBOB, was actually at 18,500 feet. The second explosion can be found in its original form in the National Archives here.


The signing of a US$3.5 million funding agreement between Barbados and the United Arab Emirates was completed in November 2017 and saw the project beginning in early 2018. Funded by a grant from the UAE-Caribbean Renewable Energy Fund, the two systems will assist in reducing Barbados' dependence on fossil fuel.
The Bowmanston plant is a 500-kilowatt ground-mounted system while Lakes Folly is a 350-kilowatt solar carport.


If you throw a stone in San Diego, there's a chance you might break a brewery's window.
But, with the holidays upon us, many will leave the county to lands that don't have 130-plus breweries.
Never fear, as the craft beer revolution has spread coast to coast. In most major cities, you'll find unique regional brews that speak to the tastes and traditions of wherever you go.
Use the charts and links on the following pages to find a brewery wherever you are traveling this holiday season.
Side note: Each highlighted location is categorized as a regional brewery by the Brewers Association. For states that did not have a regional brewery, a microbrewery was selected. While some of the selected spots may not be considered "craft" by more astute cicerones, they do reflect what is available in certain states and market share.


Over the last few years , Metallic Gold , or maybe better recognized as "the gold you wore in the early 90's", had taken a back seat in the fashion world. In 2012 The Runway has FINALLY brought back Metallic Gold! Its shiny goodness is covering the walls of every retail and department store, designer collections, and dominates most magazine Ads.
You will start to notice, whether it's a detail on a handbag or dress, a heel on a shoe, or high-end jewelry, Gold has become a staple ONCE AGAIN. I decided to go with a black and gold themed collage, just to keep it classy and simple. No longer do you have to wear "vintage" jewelry for this shade of Gold to appear appropriate, attractive and not tacky. It is as easy as running to your nearest mall or boutique to grab a great stiletto, cuff bracelet , or chunky necklace and walk out looking like you just came off the runway.
As I write this last paragraph, I am stretching my neck and arms! This blog has surprisingly taken me 3 hours to put together. Going through recent fashion magazines, I had spotted a few items that I loved, but were in the thousands ($$$,) when I decided what I wanted to write about , I realized that I should do what I do best, find similar pieces for hundreds less (this takes some time!!). Nothing is over $300 in this collage, and you will be surprised as few of the "gold" accessories are anywhere from $4 to $40. You don't have to pull my arm, I'LL TAKE 10 of each, thanks!!
I'm going shopping! What are your favorite Gold Accessories, and what colour do you like to pair them with!? Let me know!


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Home Blogs São Paulo Fan Friendly
São Paulo Fan Friendly
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SourceEd Rhodes
São Paulo is Brazil's largest city and hosted England's second group match against Uruguay. On the morning of the match the England fans team met up in the east of the City for our fans' friendly match against a local Brazilian side from Vila Madelina. The game had been organised with the help of friendly ex-pat Vince, who had liaised with the municipal government to organise and pay for the pitch. The game had also been sponsored by Beats Audio, the headphones brand masterminded by Doctor Dre himself. Beats provided refreshments for the game along with free t-shirts featuring either Danny Sturridge or Neymar.
With a strong squad of around twenty players to choose from, the England team had a different look from the side that started in Manaus and opened the game brightly. The opposition team had come from a local favela and was relatively young. Thankfully, the conditions were more favourable for England than the heat and humidity experienced in the jungle – a temp of around 17c and light drizzle meant the English were definitely made to feel at home.
The game started off at a high tempo with both teams competing for every ball. England were keen to show their Brazilian counterparts they could play and maintained some good spells of possession in the opening period. It was clear that the Brazilian team were technically very good with both their centre back and central midfielders showing great footwork and close control when under pressure. However, this was a strong England team who were comfortable in possession and were able to stretch their opposition with some slick passing.
The first goal came from some excellent link-up play on the right-hand side between Sam Overnall and right back David Rhodes. Just as it looked as if the Brazilian left back had intercepted a slick one-two, Rhodes managed to extend a long leg and whip in a cross which looped over the keeper and nicely onto the head of striker Ashley Deekes who made no mistake, heading home from five yards out.
From the restart Brazil were straight back into the game, playing out from the back and creating some good chances down the left hand side. England remained confident in possession and looked dangerous on the counter attack, with Derek Atkinson breaking away and putting a delicate lob inches over the bar. It was Brazil who scored next, making their pressure pay with an excellent move down the left-hand side, the pacy striker latching onto a through ball and finishing neatly past England goalkeeper Dickens Richards.
Before half time England manager Ed Rhodes began to show his hand, introducing brothers Daniel and Joe Simmons into midfield and Glen Thornton as centre back. The revised team kept a tight line and, despite some dangerous attacks from Brazil, the teams went into the half time break at one-a-piece. Half time saw further changes to the England lineup with both Jo Friar and Brett Ackroyd making an impact from the bench. It was Brazil, though, who started off the brighter in the second half, with their pacy striker again showing a clean set of heels to the English defence and slotting an excellent finish in-off-the-post past England's goalkeeper for the second half, Andrew Fryer.
Brazil further extended their lead around 30mins into the second half as their striker claimed a well deserved hat-trick. Trailing by two goals and with only 15mins left on the clock it would have been quite easy for the visiting team to capitulate. However, the English team stuck to their game, being tough in the tackle and showing good forward movement when in possession. From the substitutes it was perhaps Thornton who had the biggest impact, with some astute defending supplemented with accurate deliveries into the box from set pieces. And it was from a set piece that England equalised – referee Dave Beverley blowing up for a free kick 25 yards outside the box, from which Thornton smashed an upstoppable shot into the bottom left of the net.
With five minutes remaining it was clear that the game would go right to the wire. It was England who were applying all the pressure with several corners being put in from the right-hand side. Brazil had replaced their keeper with Vince (our host) and after successfully defending three corners in a row, England were finally able to make their pressure count. A great delivery into the far post was met by Sam Overnall who headed towards the top left corner of the net. Just when it looked as though the equaliser had arrived, Vince sprang into action making an unbelievable save to his right- hand side. Unfortunately for Brazil, the save of the match meant nothing as England were able to pick up the second ball and scramble it over the line to celebrate a scrappy but well deserved equaliser.
After a closely contested match, the man in black blew up for full time and signalled for a penalty shoot out. As the players swapped shirts and the crowd gathered towards one end of the pitch, five brave English players put their names forward to attempt to break England's duck by winning a World Cup penalty shoot out for the first time.
It was Glen Thornton who stepped up to take the first pen, again smashing the ball into the net past the Brazilian keeper. Brazil missed their first penalty and England capitalised by scoring their second to make it 2-0. Brazil scored their second penalty to make it 2-1 and then it was England's turn to miss, dragging their third past the left hand post. Brazil equilized with their third penalty to make it 2-2 but England extended their lead to 3-2 with their fourth. The fourth Brazilian penalty was uncharacteristically blazed over the bar and England's victory was complete as their fifth penalty was converted to secure a 4-2 win.
The match was followed with a short presentation in which our hosts thanked the English players for a great game and told us that it meant a lot to them that the English fans had made the effort to come an visit their community. We were lucky to have a visit from the municipal Mayor, who via our translator Vince, agreed that the fans friendly initiative is what the World Cup is really all about; meeting new people and learning about different cultures through football.
We would like to express a huge thanks to our hosts who showed us such a warm welcome and the Mayor who showed a real interest in the match and provided the pitch. A massive thanks also goes out to Vince and and Mark Perryman for all their work arranging the match.
A full set of pictures are available here: https://flic.kr/s/aHsjYYtPio
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Brazil: diversity does well, but the moderates are the winners
Bolsonaro and his brand of extreme right wing politics have emerged as the big losers in Brazil's recent local elections, but established left wing parties have not done so well either. Jan Rocha reports.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Millennials may be the first generation to be worse off than their parents, but that hasn't affected their spending habits. Studies have found that young people aged 20-34 are willing to spend more for high-quality, sustainably manufactured products from companies that are transparent about their business practices. Instead of buying low-cost items they'll need to replace often, they think about their purchases in the long term, realizing that although they may pay more up front for well-made pieces, they're saving money in the end. In short, they're too poor to be cheap.
Already having surpassed the Baby Boomers as the largest generation, millennials are forcing several industries, from transportation to fashion, to rethink their strategies as they try to appeal to a younger demographic. For our own research, we spoke with The RealReal's resident 20-somethings, many of whom are able to afford designer pieces for the first time through shopping consignment. Whether it's more accessible price points or being able to recycle their valuable investments (and earn back their money) by reconsigning, The RealReal has empowered them to shop in a way that fits with their ideals and create the chic, long-lasting wardrobe they've always wanted. Read on to find out how their environmental concerns and their time with the company has influenced the way they shop.


Get to know what is it that a multiplier does that actually turns this person into a multiplier. Ajit clarifies it's not about only about the product or business, nor about the personality neither. He believes there are 6 elements that can take someone to a multiplier effect.
In this video, Ajit Nawalkha shares the top 10 best productivity apps you can use to stay personally organized — and so you can run your business incredibly efficient and effective.
Discover 4 ways to build a profitable virtual company and cut management time to 4 hours a week from CEO and co-founder of Mindvalley Hispano, Juan Martitegui. Part 2 will be posted tomorrow, so stay tuned!
Communication is key — so start "pacing" and "leading" to get (and keep) your reader's attention.
Seth Godin at the 2012 Beachbody Coach Summit! He hits on points from all his best selling books.


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College basketball odds and lines
Picks, predictions for Miami vs. Florida State on Tuesday, January 24
No. 20 Miami tries to overcome its road woes while making the trip to Tallahassee on Tuesday.
By slim21 Jan 24, 2023, 9:48am PST
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Jasen Vinlove-USA TODAY Sports
The Florida State Seminoles will host the No. 20 Miami Hurricanes on Tuesday, Jan. 24. Tipoff is scheduled for 7 p.m. ET, and will air on ESPNU.
Let's take a look at the odds and lines on DraftKings Sportsbook and make some picks.
Miami vs. Florida State odds
Spread: Miami -3
Moneyline: Miami -155, FSU +135
Despite being ranked No. 20, Miami (15-4, 6-3 ACC) has dropped three of its last five games. That includes a bad 76-70 loss at Georgia Tech (No. 156 on KenPom.com), a narrow 83-81 defeat at NC State, and — most recently — a 68-66 loss at Duke. Guard Jordan Miller led the way in the defeat with 19 points and eight rebounds.
Florida State (7-13, 5-4 ACC) struggled out of the gates this season, going 1-8 in the month of November. That includes bad losses to teams like Siena and Stetson. However, the Seminoles could be rounding into form lately, notching back-to-back wins over Notre Dame and Pittsburgh respectively. Both of those victories came on the road, and Darin Green Jr. led FSU with 20 and 24 points respectively in those contests.
The Pick: Florida State +3
Miami's last three losses all came on the road, including the aforementioned bad loss at Georgia Tech. Meanwhile, Florida State seems to be trending in the right direction with plenty of belief after notching back-to-back victories. The Seminoles scored in bunches to earn those wins, and they should be able to attack a Miami team that ranks 139th in adjusted defensive efficiency. Looks for Florida State to keep it close at home.
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Lancet. 2019 Mar 16;393(10176):1080-1082. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30488-X. Epub 2019 Mar 14.
Optimising the continuum of child and adolescent health and development.
Bhutta ZA1, Victora C2, Boerma T3, Kruk ME4, Patton G5, Black MM6, Sawyer S7, Horton S8, Black RE9, Horton R10; Lancet Optimising Child Health Series Steering Committee.
Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address: zulfiqar.bhutta@sickkids.ca.
International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The Lancet, London, UK.
High-quality health systems in the Sustainable Development Goals era: time for a revolution. [Lancet Glob Health. 2018]
Adolescent Health*
Continuity of Patient Care
Sustainable Development*
Teen Health - MedlinePlus Health Information


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Trial By Error: More on that WSJ Opinion Piece; and Q-and-A with Author of this Week's WSJ Rebuttal
Last week, The Wall Street Journal published a passionate but clueless opinion piece from a psychiatric resident at McMaster University in Ontario, Canada. The author, Jeremy Devine, portrayed the entire category now being referred to as Long COVID as a fiction foisted on the world by a committed commando of deluded and illness-obsessed queer feminists (or maybe queers and feminists–I'm not sure). And patients, no less! The column's mean-spirited tone made it difficult to read. Repellent, actually. I wrote about it here.
Devine presented snark instead of viable evidence for his argument, which appeared to emerge from his own deficit of compassion and empathy for patients. He showed no interest in the views of those experiencing the debilitating symptoms he was glibly interpreting as psychosomatic. Instead, he dismissed survey data based on his negative attitudes toward the researchers' status–whether as patients, queers, feminists or members of wellness collectives seeking to identify links between discriminatory social structures and health inequities. His anger and dismay at their unwillingness to acknowledge the psychosomatic nature of their symptoms and submit to his diagnostic authority were palpable.
Poor guy! He really seemed to be struggling with some stuff.
Devine also accused experts who are taking these prolonged symptoms seriously of being bamboozled. In his view, this powerful queer-feminist coven has brewed pseudoscientific spells and cast them upon the decision-makers at the National Institutes of Health, in the process enchanting them into offering more than $1 billion for nefarious patient-influenced research projects. (The article made no mention of whether potions from frog entrails, elephant dung, and the menstrual blood of queer feminist patients were used.)
In laying out his case, Devine chose to link to the PACE trial as the epitome of medical wisdom on the issue of the purported psychogenic origins of post-viral symptoms. If he can spare a few minutes, I can tell him a story about the PACE trial in about 15,000 words.
Lots of people–not just young and arrogant psychiatry residents at McMaster University–say stupid things. Luckily, most people don't say their stupid things in The Wall Street Journal. It would be interesting to know how Devine ended up being the sucker to take responsibility for this disaster. Was it commissioned, or was it a submission out-of-the-blue, or is Devine a friend of someone who knows someone on the opinion page? In any event, it would have been better for all involved had a wise editor prevented this frightened young man from making a public spectacle of himself. Well, too late for that!
Anyway, I was glad to see The Wall Street Journal follow up this week with a cogent rebuttal to the Devine mess. Even better, it was from a peer of Devine's—another psychiatric resident, Yochai Re'em, who is at New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine. Re'em acknowledged in the opening lines of his piece that he himself had contracted COVID-19 and subsequently experienced persistent symptoms. His perspective is very different than Devine's.
My Q-and-A with Yochai Re'em
I reached out on twitter yesterday to Yochai Re'em, the author of the second Wall Street Journal piece. In addition to his psychiatric work, Re'em, is also a researcher with Body Politic's Patient-Led Research Collaborative. (That's the same group dissed by Devine for having a queer and feminist orientation–or something like that, anyway.) I sent Re'em a few questions. Here's our exchange:
What was your reaction when you saw Devine's piece?
I wasn't surprised a piece like that was written, but I was a little surprised it managed to pass through WSJ given the gross inaccuracies and sweeping generalizations with insufficient citations. In retrospect, I may have been a little naïve. The further I read, the more it became clear the piece was a result of an emotional reaction about the Long COVID community, lazily invoking "mainstream medicine's" views despite these points being far from mainstream. My initial surprise gave way to disappointment as I realized the author is a fellow psychiatric resident. Arguments were presented in order to substantiate his thesis that Long COVID is a psychogenic phenomenon with patient-led organizations fueling the fire.
Unfortunately, these arguments were narrow pieces of the puzzle, omitting much of the picture, and placed out of context. The general tone – referencing patient advocacy groups as though the nature of their involvement alone would prove their untrustworthiness- is not the psychiatry I know. I was also somewhat shocked that it seemed he was trying to diagnose an entire group of individuals with a psychiatric disorder without examining them (there was no mention of him encountering Long Covid patients in his clinical practice). This left me feeling disappointed and feeling that psychiatry was misrepresented in the piece.
I will not deny that the current state of Long COVID research leaves much to be desired (after all, it's been only a year since the pandemic started). I am still confused, though, by why so many people seem so hellbent on critiquing the existing evidence and using that critique as proof that Long covid doesn't exist or is psychogenic (criticizing the current evidence is hardly proof of that), instead of running adequate trials to try to better understand it.
How did your piece come about and how did it end up in the WSJ?
Early in the pandemic, there were many reports among long-haulers of patients being told that their symptoms were all due to anxiety and/or depression. Some of these patients had a history of anxiety/depression and were able to identify this was not consistent with their own experience–which goes against Devine's point that this is due to societal bias against mental health disorders. Some were psychiatrists themselves.
I began thinking about why doctors tell patients their symptoms are due to psychological issues, often without backing it up with evidence, and often as a diagnosis of exclusion. Many of the reasons may be due to psychological factors in the doctors themselves, which I tried to outline in my piece. I had been working on this and attempting to get it in a medical journal when Devine's piece came out. I reached out to an editor at WSJ to see if it may be possible for me to respond to this piece via an opinion piece myself, and sent a draft of what I had been working on. I received significant support from fellow Body Politic members who read through my draft, offered feedback, guidance, and edits.
Did you already feel this way or did your own experiences change your mind?
My own experiences played a large role. There is a lot of skepticism in medicine, and much of that permeates into the way things like chronic Lyme or fibromyalgia are addressed in medical school. I think I only learned about chronic fatigue syndrome once I developed Long COVID myself. My own experience made me more sensitive to the patient experience, and in particular the psychological effects of being dismissed by a provider. While there is an innate empathy in most who choose psychiatry as a profession, becoming a patient yourself has a special way of increasing empathy for other patients.
david tuller, ME/CFS
4 responses to "Trial By Error: More on that WSJ Opinion Piece; and Q-and-A with Author of this Week's WSJ Rebuttal"
CT says:
If only we had a vaccine against prejudice.
(If mind-body are so interlinked then surely it's a possibility?)
Rivka says:
So glad this rebuttal was published. Thank you for interviewing the author so we could get a peek behind his thinking and experience.
longhauler activitist says:
I wrote to Jeremy Devine and he didn't reply, in fact on his twitter I have seen no replies, funnily enough. He appears to be doing a 'Paul Garner' , where he deliberately writes incendiary pieces in a broadsheet newspaper that he knows will rile the backs off the long haulers and me/cfs community and when they attack him on twitter and social media, he will probably write a piece about how "all me/cfs patients are all activitists" rather like Trish Greenhalgh did. Now don't get me wrong, receiving death threats is not acceptable at all, however, if you go out there writing or promoting such inflammatory comments that you know will upset patients then you are to expect some rebuttal. It's called being accountable. when you are supposedly in a position of trust .
Paul Garner did the same and upset legions of patients here in the UK and overseas and and he doesn't reply to tweets either…he just hangs them out there and probably goes watches a programme on diving in Grenada. Trish Greenhalgh merely blocked anyone who had the word me/cfs in their bio. Even if you hadn't tweeted her. They like to be public, but they don't like the rebuttal….As rumour is circulating here that Paul did, allegedly, get awarded two grants post BBC Breakfast (BBC always seem to be involved promoting GET funnily enough???) I wonder if in fact Jeremy will get the same? It seesm the BPS are trying to infiltrate overseas so no doubt their UK intentions to treat us with GET and CBT match those of our foreign counterparts. #weknowwhatyouredoing
jimells says:
I almost feel sorry for Dr Devine. He is a disposable pawn of the Wessely School and probably has little idea. In two weeks the world will say, "Devine who?" but this blackmark will stay in his Permanent File forever.
Meanwhile the "Long Covid is psychosomatic" is now firmly planted in the establishment press. It is ready to be cited over and over as "experts say" until no one remembers the original fact-free essay and there is enough confusion to give cover to benefits denials by insurance companies.
This won't stop until the psychobabblers and their insurance industry handlers are held to account in a court of law. The Long Covid people are already organizing to promote their interests. They will soon understand the harm caused by GET, CBT, and psychosomatic theories and the importance of putting the psychobabblers out of business for good.


text:
import h from "virtual-dom/h";
import m from "mori";
import Thunk from "vdom-thunk/immutable-thunk";
import shallowEq from "vdom-thunk/shallow-eq";
import {Subject} from "rxjs/Rx";
import tooltip from "./tooltip";
import matrix from "./matrix";
import {hideTooltip, updateTooltipPosition} from "./actions";

export default (cellsPerGroup, groupsPerMatrix) => (dispatcher, scheduler) => {
    const tt = tooltip(dispatcher, scheduler);
    const mtx = matrix(dispatcher, scheduler, cellsPerGroup, groupsPerMatrix);

    const hideSubject = new Subject();

    hideSubject
        .map(e => updateTooltipPosition(e.clientX, e.clientY))
        .subscribe(dispatcher);

    hideSubject
        .debounceTime(200, scheduler)
        .map(() => hideTooltip())
        .subscribe(dispatcher);

    const onMousemove = hideSubject.next.bind(hideSubject);

    return state => {
        return h('div', {style: {height: '100vh'}, 'ev-mousemove': onMousemove}, [
            h('p', {}, [m.get(state, 'message')]),
            new Thunk(tt, [m.get(state, 'tooltip')], 'tooltip', shallowEq),
            new Thunk(mtx, [m.get(state, 'blocks')], 'blocks', shallowEq)
        ]);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


There is not a single industry that has remained unaffected by the dawn of social media, and the travel and tourism industry is no different. Before social media came into the picture, peer reviews and photos of your dream destination weren't as easy to access. Today, the ease of accessibility to destination information has put the spotlight on why the industry must leverage new media tools to benefit themselves.
During the recently concluded Beijing International Travel Mart (BITM) 2017, Daksh Sharma, Founding Partner at TravHQ, conducted a workshop on 'Going Global Instantly – Leveraging New Media Tools' and how the travel industry can adapt to the rapidly changing needs of its audience.
Video content is booming in China, with 41.5% of the country forecast to be digital video watchers. The most popular apps include Miaopai, Toutiao Video, Kuaishou and Meipai, and even the posts from the most popular destination marketing organizations have visually pleasing, photo-rich content, alongside practical travel information. From boutique hotels to homestays in far-flung areas of the world, everyone is jumping on the video bandwagon.
Close to a quarter of Chinese travellers are independent travellers, aged between 20 and 25. This Millennial group looks for inspiration for their next travel by visiting their favourite bloggers, Instagrammers and YouTubers, rather than relying on traditional advertising mediums such as TV, newspapers and banners. This is where travel influencers step in. With followers running into hundreds of thousands (and even millions sometimes), they enable travel brands to reach audiences worldwide. With their unique storytelling through visual content and first-hand experiences of travelling, they are able to influence people in a way like no other. Today, a brand recommendation from an influencer carries more weight than any other endorsement, and many travel properties are vying for the attention of top influencers to boost their destinations' allure.
According to travel site TripAdvisor, as much as 93 percent of executives consider the improvement and management of their online reviews as the most important factor to the future of their business. By taking out time to listen to, and respond to guest feedback, travel brands can strengthen their reputation, improve social media performance, and even boost financial outcomes. On the other hand, failure to respond to reviews, especially the negative ones, can cost companies dearly, in the form of lower review scores and overall ratings.
While the Internet is awash with new social media management tools, the right ones can definitely make social media content easy to create, curate, manage, schedule and finally, analyze the effectiveness of campaigns. From the most popular image editing app Snapseed, to Canva, the free, graphic-design tool website that lets you create beautiful social media content, and video editor app Quik, these new media tools are beneficial to brands in more ways than one.


The Arizona Rally is a great start to the Guzzi Rally Season It is traditionally held the first full weekend in May. For 2002, the dates will be May 3, 4, & 5.
The Arizona Rally is held in Central Arizona at Watson Lake Park in the town of Prescott. The park offers camping and showers, and close proximity to town.
The Arizona Rally usually attracts over 100 friendly motorcycle enthusiasts who share an affinity for the Moto Guzzi marque. They plan on a weekend of food fun and comradarie... maybe you should too!
More Information on the Arizona rally will be posted as it becomes available.
The 2002 Rally ad is now online in PDF format.
Check here for news of upcoming rides or other events.
This page is hosted and maintained by the staff of Encore Performance & Fabrication.


text:
By Steve Dodson
Steve provides research, analysis, insight and commentary on topical issues and events. He lives in New Zealand and has been working at FastTrack Software for 10 years as a cyber security analyst and technical writer.
What if there was one anti-virus tool to rule them all, one anti-virus to find them? One anti-virus to bring them all, and in the darkness…? You get the idea.
Unfortunately, Tolkein's Middle Earth had much fewer technological threats than what we are plagued with today, and a single anti-virus solution simply cannot find or bring, let alone bind, all of them.
Out with the Old: When the Battle Axe just doesn't Cut It
Operating without some sort of malware protection is nonsensical, but just because you've got the latest version of Windows Defender and a fancy next-gen firewall installed, that doesn't mean your organisation is fully protected.
Let's take an in-depth look at the run-of-the-mill types of anti-virus available today, and why they may not be quite as effective as you think.
Traditional AV
Traditional anti-virus software works in the background of your system, taking notes on system files. It has a list of file signatures that it knows are malicious.
Typically, it detects malware using four techniques:
Pattern Matching – A piece of malware is represented by a string of bits known as its signature. Pattern matching is the process of anti-virus software checking through each byte in a file and matching it to a byte in its list of malware signatures. If every byte in the file matches every byte in a signature, the anti-virus software will mark the file as malicious.
The downfall here is that the process relies on every single digit being the same. If just one bit does not match, the malware will evade traditional anti-virus software. Now that attackers are aware of this impediment, even miniscule mutations will bypass pattern matching processes. Newer threats such as "fileless" malware have no digital footprint and write nothing to the disc, therefore cannot be detected by pattern matching digital signatures at all.
Heuristic Analysis – This technique considers the properties of the file and whether these fall within what it considers "abnormal". It essentially has a set of rules or questions that it asks of the file, and if every rule/question returns true, the anti-virus flags the file as malware.
This heuristic approach fails by relying too heavily on its set of rules being 100% met in order to flag software as malicious. If the attacker gains knowledge that enables their software to not meet just a single rule, the malware will not be detected.
Behavioural Analysis – This process works similarly to heuristic analysis but focuses on how the file behaves rather than its properties. If the behaviours match that of malware, the anti-virus will detect it.
This process takes a rather illogical approach as it requires the program to run first, before the anti-virus can detect malware. Here's an analogy: imagine Aragorn, Legolas and Gimli monitoring the battle at Helm's Deep to spot orc weaknesses, only to discover an entirely new threat, the Uruk-hai, arriving at their doorstep. Better late than never?
Hash Matching – A hash value can be generated by running a file through an algorithm, such as MD5 (Message-Digest algorithm) or SHA-256 (Secure Hashing algorithm, 256 bit). Anti-virus software calculates these hashes and compares them to hash values of malware. If the hashes match, the anti-virus will detect malware.
This has drawbacks similar to pattern matching – the changing of a single bit on any part of a file used to generate the hash value will generate a completely different hash value and the anti-virus software will fail to detect malware.
Furthermore, the hashing algorithms used to produce hash values have been proven unreliable. A requirement of a hash algorithm is that it is illogical to find two inputs that produce the same hash (known as collisions). MD5 is known to have such vulnerabilities, this having been proven in 2012 by Flame malware, making this technique an unreliable one for anti-virus software to use. SHA-256 has also been found to produce collisions, although not to the extent of MD5.
A third point of weakness is that hash matching is futile against polymorphic malware, which is malware that continually changes its features in order to remain undetected.
The major fallback of traditional anti-virus is its inability to detect software that it has not encountered before. It relies on matching malware with known software in its database, making it ineffective at detecting zero-day malware (malware that has not been previously encountered). This is explained more fully in the ThreatVector article How Traditional Anti-virus Works.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Anti-virus
Traditional anti-virus software has been improved with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning anti-virus solutions.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a program that can "mimic" human intelligence. Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of AI, where the machine "learns" as it is exposed to more data, allowing its response to improve over time.
AI-based anti-malware is ideally able to recognise malicious software when it hasn't been previously identified, and/or before it is able to execute. Machine learning programs can learn beforehand what is considered normal behaviour and are then able to identify anything that may fall outside of this, enabling pre-emptive defence against malicious software. The new threat can then be added to the anti-virus engine's existing database.
AI-based anti-virus software is helpful against zero-day attacks and identifying malware that has been slightly modified in order to escape detection by traditional anti-virus software, as it relies less on known digital signatures and a set of rules, and more on how software behaves.
Although advancing all the time, AI and ML anti-virus solutions are not the be-all and end-all. Here's how an AI/ML-based system could be fooled:
Exploiting the model – ML anti-virus software is given large amounts of data and left to process and make decisions on this data based on the parameters within its model. If an attacker can find out how the model uses its parameters, they could exploit the model by changing something within a file that they know will trick the model into thinking it is safe.
Take for example Cylance's AI anti-virus software, which was duped in 2019. Researchers were able to discover a bias in Cylance's ML model towards a particular game that the model had whitelisted (marked as safe). They exploited this weakness by appending non-harmful strings of code from the game to a malicious file. The researchers, from Skylight Cyber in Australia, trialled this technique with 384 malware programs, with Cylance's detection rate being less than 11%.
An imperfect dataset – ML algorithms use the dataset they are provided with to learn: the more data provided for the program to learn, the more effective it will be at doing its job.
However, an effective model requires all the data to be labelled correctly. If one data input is labelled incorrectly, the machine could use this particular input to form a bad decision that it then builds on as part of its learning, resulting in an ineffective model in the long term.
Sandboxes are used to run potentially malicious material in a tightly controlled environment with restricted network access and inability to read from input devices. A sandbox is often used to run untrusted or untested software and, because it is isolated from the host device, it can stop the spread of malware to the rest of the machine.
This particular security mechanism analyses an object's behaviour as it executes, which makes it helpful in detecting malware that may have passed under the radar of other anti-virus programs while static.
Although a security favourite, sandbox technology has its downfalls.
One of its security measures is also a downfall. The tightly controlled sandbox environment can often be a dead giveaway for malicious software. Hackers can program malware to recognise when it's running in a sandbox environment, at which point it will terminate or, in more sophisticated programs, perform fake operations in order to appear benign, until it is marked as safe by the sandbox and delivered to the host device.
Another sophisticated way through a sandbox is in delayed execution. As sandboxes are used temporarily to test and check software before allowing them onto a host device, attackers can program delays into malware so that it doesn't execute until an amount of time has passed (enough time for the sandbox to have performed its analysis) or certain operations take place, such as a restart. In the same case as above, sandboxes can fail to detect malicious behaviour and pass the malware to the host device, where it will later execute.
Malicious software that is packaged within clean files often goes undetected by sandboxes, as does encrypted malware, which (unless decrypted) is simply invisible to security systems.
Password-protected emails containing malware are often passed on to the end user by sandboxes as they cannot gain access to analyse it.
Some programs simply cannot run in a sandbox environment due to the restrictions in place, so malware within these programs evades sandboxing systems completely.
Although you wouldn't want to ride into Isengard without a sandbox at your side, make sure it's not the only thing in your arsenal – sandboxes do have several vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers.
In with the New: From Battle Axe, to Many-Handed Longsword
Now, imagine a tool where all these solutions are covered in one. This is where Opswat MetaDefender comes in. The name speaks for itself:
META: Most Effective Tactic Available. The best way to win the game. A specialised form. Seeing from a higher perspective. Going above and beyond.
Defender: …let's assume you know this one.
The MetaDefender provides a multi-layered approach, encompassing a multitude of security modules, rather than a single anti-virus engine or sandbox solution.
Let's break these layers down and discover how MetaDefender triumphs over other anti-virus technologies, starting with (bring in the war-drums please…) :
The MetaDefender Core
The MetaDefender Core integrates six security modules to form a comprehensive anti-virus solution that can be used on-premises, in the cloud, and with air-gapped networks.
Multiscanning
MetaDefender makes use of 35+ anti-malware engines when it scans files. These engines use a combination of traditional and AI/ML tactics, such as digital signatures, heuristics, and ML models, to detect known malware files.
We know why relying on a single anti-virus program to detect all threats is a mistake. MetaDefender knows this too, so has partnered with over 35 anti-malware companies which are all used to scan your files with Opswat's multiscanning module to make sure no threat slips through unnoticed.
35 rings of power are better than one, right?
Deep CDR
Standing for 'Deep Content Disarm and Reconstruction', this security module boasts the motto "Trust no file" and assumes that every file is malicious. It identifies file types and scans them using its multiscanning tool.
It then implements the CDR process of breaking the file down and reconstructing it, removing malicious elements and preserving the usability of the file. Voila: you now have a new, safe file to use, while the other is quarantined.
Deep CDR is effective against zero-day attacks and prevents threats that may slip past other anti-virus technologies, as it disarms and rebuilds all files under the assumption that they are all evil.
Proactive DLP
MetaDefender takes protection a step further with its Proactive DLP (Proactive Data Loss Prevention) module, which redacts PII (Personally Identifiable Information) found in files being uploaded, protecting organisations from potential (and expensive) compliance violation risks.
File-based Vulnerability Assessment
Vulnerability scanning is a process which detects weaknesses within a network or on a computer. Yet another step organisations must take to ensure they stay protected from hackers.
Again, MetaDefender has this base covered with its file-based vulnerability assessment module.
While most vulnerability scanners identify exploitable points after software has been installed, MetaDefender can get it done before installation. It can also scan for vulnerabilities while programs are running, or at rest.
So far, we've killed… four orcs with one arrow? Yes please.
Recall those times when you've run a "quick" anti-virus scan of your device and it ended up taking three full moons, a few winters, and the dawning of a new age …
Anti-virus software relies on data to do its thing: matching signatures, hashing, behaviours, and a bunch of other security intel. There is so much activity going on during these traditional scans that computers can become unusable during the time it takes. If your anti-virus software had a smaller dataset, the process wouldn't be quite so tiresome, but it also wouldn't be anywhere near as effective.
Incoming: cloud-based threat intelligence. Put the dataset on the cloud, and Boom! – you won't be growing a full beard in the time it takes to perform a scan.
MetaDefender's threat intelligence platform has an expansive cloud-based database, developed from analysing data from thousands of computers worldwide, offering "one of the fastest file hash lookup services in the market" (3.86 seconds to scan a file and 15 milliseconds to look up a hash, FYI).
A huge dataset and no performance issues on your device, that's another orc in the bag.
Just to add an extra layer of chainmail, the MetaDefender Core also integrates a sandbox environment.
How many orcs are we up to now? I've lost count.
Forging the Ring: Putting it All Together in a PAM Solution
The Dangers of Running as Administrator
So, when do organisations run the most risk of coming face to face with the enemy, aka: malware? When they give too much power to the end user via administrator rights.
Admin rights are a powerful thing and are not to be taken lightly; we all know what happens when one gets tempted by power ...
The majority of malware infections within an organisation result from end-users having administrator access to their computers. Aside from being able to install and execute malicious software, admin rights allow an individual to:
Install unauthorized software that may slow down computer systems or lead to non-work activities (stop playing solitaire Jeff! Unless it's LOTR-themed, in which case it's acceptable).
Install unlicensed software that may result in fines when software vendors come knocking.
Access other user profiles and data, leading to potential privacy beaches, data breaches and theft.
Make changes to the operating system settings, which may cause a myriad of problems and be costly to fix.
But, although dangerous, admin rights are a necessary evil. The answer is simply to control the evil, with PAM: Privileged Access Management.
PAM to the Rescue!
PAM is the strategy of controlling user access and permissions across an organisation's IT infrastructure. The main goal is to operate in an environment of "least privilege": restricting access and permissions to the absolute minimum necessary for users to get their jobs done.
We know that admin rights open the doors to the danger zone in computer systems. Administrator accounts are targets for attacks due to their privileged rights: elevated permissions, access to sensitive information, and the ability to change OS settings. In fact, according to Forrester Research, privileged credentials are involved in 80% of data breaches.
With a PAM system in place, organisations can control who is accessing what, log everything being accessed/downloaded/installed, monitor any suspicious activity and segregate their networks. This enables businesses to crack down on the small stuff (Jeff and his solitaire addiction) and reduce their computer systems attack surface (the big stuff) without hampering productivity.
An Ode to the Fallen: Moller-Maerske
Let's talk about this "big stuff".
We know that users with privileged credentials can install and run dodgy files and programs. Of greater significance is their ability to access other user profiles and data and make changes to the operating system settings because of their privileged credentials.
To grasp why this is significant, one only has to ask Moller-Maerske: the world's largest container shipping company, which was brought to its knees in 2017.
NotPetya ransomware is thought to have originated in a Ukrainian company's accounting software called M.E.Doc during an auto-update, and it got its foothold in just one computer in a Maerske branch in Odessa, Ukraine, when an employee requested IT admin to install the M.E.Doc software on his computer. NotPetya spread swiftly across Maerske's entire international computer system, moving laterally across the network by extracting administrator credentials. The ransomware (or "wipeware", being the more appropriate term for the destructive software) took down Maerke's entire network of 4000 servers and 45,000 computers, resulting in $300,000,000 in damages to the Danish company.
Read the full story here: The Untold Story of NotPetya, the Most Devastating Cyberattack in History, and get the all the technicalities here: NotPetya: Timeline of a Ransomworm.
How did a company that was not the target of the attack, but was simply caught in the crossfire, allow this to happen? The previous year, Maerske IT executives had raised concerns about out-of-date operating systems, poor patching and, above all, lack of network segmentation (i.e. dividing a network into smaller parts so that one area/set of users do not have access to others). Had Maerske implemented better network segmentation within their infrastructure, they may have been able to contain the spread of NotPetya ransomware.
And how can network segmentation be achieved? Through PAM. BAM! (standing ovation please).
The Ring of Power in the Right Hands: Admin By Request
What do you get when you cross Opswat's MetaDefender with Admin By Request's PAM solution? Basically, a Gandalf-Aragorn hybrid that even the Witch-King of Angmar can't beat.
Admin By Request has partnered with Opswat to bring you the ultimate security tool with their MetaDefender Cloud.
Many solutions rely on an administrator spending endless amounts of time whitelisting programs or doing remote installs, but Admin By Request works the other way around: intercepting software installs made by users and installing it without the user being an administrator. See how it works here: Privileged Access Management.
No remote installs necessary and no need to be constantly updating whitelists leads to a very grateful IT department.
Mitigated vulnerabilities from not having admin accounts left, right and centre leads to a very safe computer network.
Combine this PAM solution with MetaDefender's 35+ anti-virus engines, and the chances of your system being compromised are virtually zero.
Fun fact: Bitdefender and Avira anti-virus solutions are often 100% effective against malware. Both of these engines are part of the 35+ that supply the MetaDefender Core.
Opswat's Detection Efficacy overview provides more of an insight into just how well the Multiscanning module does its job: 4 engines detect 62.80% of the top 10,000 searched for threats from the MetaDefender Cloud database, 12 engines detect 90.53%, 20 engines detect 98.69%, and the MetaDefender Cloud detects 99.02%.
To put it simply: Jeff may not have a valid reason for installing LOTR-themed solitaire onto his work computer, but at least you can rest assured knowing it's safe.
See how Opswat is implemented by Admin By Request: Admin By Request – Malware Detection.
In Opswat's words:
"Single anti-malware engines, next-gen firewalls, sandboxes, machine learning, IPSs, and proxy anti-malware solutions do not provide adequate cybersecurity protection on their own".
Can one anti-malware solution really rule them all?
Absolutely, if it combines an array of anti-malware tactics and an ingenuitive PAM solution into one war-effort.
Take that Sauron.


text:
Race for the discovery of COVID-19 medications: A multidisciplinary project takes shape!
Génome Québec, in partnership with IRIC, Université de Montréal, Mila – Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute and McMaster University, is proud to announce funding for a new research project intended to accelerate the discovery of antiviral COVID-19 medications. Spearheaded by professors Michael Tyers (IRIC / Université de Montréal), Yoshua Bengio (Mila / Université de Montréal) and Anne Marinier (IRIC / Université de Montréal), the $1 million project was launched in fast-track mode on June 1, 2020.
The project combines genomics, artificial intelligence and medicinal chemistry to discover new inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19. The use of genomic screens will lead to a better understanding of the genetic interactions between the virus and human host cells and thereby the identification of new targets for drug discovery. Artificial intelligence will be used to design novel chemical inhibitors against viral proteins and human host proteins on which the virus depends. And finally, with advanced medicinal chemistry, the team will be able to synthesize and test these inhibitors.
Over the long term, this combined genomics/artificial intelligence approach could help significantly accelerate—when compared to traditional approaches—the discovery of antiviral medications for future pandemics. The approach can also be applied to the development of new treatments for cancer and many other diseases.
By consolidating world-renowned expertise in genomics, artificial intelligence and medicinal chemistry, this project is placing Québec and Canada at the cutting edge of research in precision medicine.
Selected as part of a joint Genome Canada-Génome Québec program, the project will also receive funding from Mila, IRIC and McMaster University.


text:
A Fundação Casa da Cultura de Marabá (FCCM) é uma instituição de pesquisa e preservação histórico-ambiental sediada no município brasileiro de Marabá. Mantida pela prefeitura de Marabá, tem como principal atividade a pesquisa e resgate histórico regional, sendo a maior e mais bem estruturada instituição do tipo no sudeste do Pará. Além de pesquisa desempenha funções de museu histórico, antropológico e natural, além de escola.

É uma das instituições mais respeitadas do norte e nordeste do Brasil no âmbito da pesquisa, resgate e preservação ambiental e histórica. O diretor da fundação é o arqueólogo Marlon Prado.

História
A FCCM surgiu em 1982 com o Grupo Ecológico de Marabá (GEMA). A organização do GEMA veio da preocupação com as grandes transformações que iriam ocorrer na região com a implantação do Projeto Grande Carajás (PGC). Os grandes projetos do PGC indicavam um cenário critico e de alerta para a preservação da memória regional.

A formação do GEMA, foi cimentada graças a presença de professores universitários e técnicos de pesquisa e extensão do "Campus Avançado da Universidade de São Paulo" em Marabá, o CAUSP (atual UNIFESSPA). A presença destes profissionais teve papel fundamental ao colaborar diretamente e incentivar a criação da fundação, principal instituição de pesquisa e resgate histórico da região. O fundador e ex-diretor da FCCM, Noé von Atzingen, foi um dos coordenadores do CAUSP.

As pesquisas sobre meio ambiente e antropologia exigiam um espaço adequado para serem desenvolvidas. Assim, em 15 de novembro de 1984 o prefeito de Marabá, Bosco Jadão, converteu o GEMA transformando-o em Fundação Casa da Cultura de Marabá, dando-lhe novas atribuições e assentando-o na escola José Mendonça Vergulino (onde mantinha sua sede). O local onde hoje se assenta sua sede, na Avenida VE-2 na Nova Marabá, foi doado á instituição em 1987 pela CVRD (atual Vale S.A.). A instituição foi formalmente instituída pela Lei Municipal nº 9.271, em 28 de dezembro de 1987.

A partir de sua criação, a FCCM ampliou suas atividades para captação de materiais tanto da cultura material como imaterial, ampliando ainda mais o acervo e salvaguardando a memória não só de Marabá, mas de toda a região.

Após mais de 35 anos ligado à FCCM (se contados a partir do GEMA), Noé Carlos Barbosa von Atzingen foi substituído do comando da instituição por Vanda Regia Americo Gomes. Vanda Américo posteriormente deu lugar ao arqueólogo Marlon Prado.

Características
Como instituição de pesquisa pautada principalmente no resgate histórico, a FCCM está subdividida em diversos setores. Como parte do projeto de resgate histórico e social, mantém uma escola de música e o arquivo público municipal.

É constituída pelos seguintes departamentos: Patrimônio Histórico, Departamento de Bibliotecas, Museu Municipal, Escola de Música, Administração e Difusão Cultural.

A FCCM tem o apoio e orientação do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, em relação ao treinamento dos técnicos e identificação do material. Também trabalha em conjunto com a Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará (UNIFESSPA) e com a Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA) na formação de pessoal, na troca de informações sobre pesquisas e no tratamento e conservação de achados científicos.

Como museu histórico, natural e antropológico, a FCCM abrange os seguintes setores:
 Antropologia;
 Arqueologia e etnologia;
 Botânica;
 Geologia e espeleologia;
 Zoologia.

A FCCM mantém também a Pinacoteca Pedro Morbach, acervo de obras artísticas regionais e grande repositório de técnicas como o nanquim amazônico, estilo artístico com forte influência em Marabá. Desde o reaproveitamento do edifício Palacete Augusto Dias como "Museu Histórico Municipal Francisco Coelho", passou a gerir o espaço, transferindo para lá as funções de museu histórico (antes localizavam-se nos edifícios Aldeias da Cultura, na sede da FCCM).

Museus do Pará
Museus de ciência do Brasil
Museus de história do Brasil
Museus de arqueologia do Brasil
Fundação Casa Cultura Marabá
Fundações no Pará em 1982

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Dimitri Nance, Kyle Williams and Ryan McFoy lead the team onto the field.
Rudy attempts to escape a tackle by Cal defensive end Rulon Davis.
Rudy Carpenter runs what appeared to be a planned quarterback draw.
Cal linebacker Zach Follet attempts to tackle Rudy Carpenter.


The Corrie Years is a TV show on British national television from ITV1 with an average rating of 3.1 stars by TelevisionCatchUp.co.uk's visitors. We have 20 episodes of The Corrie Years in our archive. The first episode of The Corrie Years was broadcast in August, 2017. Did you miss an episode of The Corrie Years but don't you wan't that to happen in the future? Please set an alarm and add The Corrie Years to your favourites, so we can remind you by email when there's a new episode available to watch. For free!
A look at some of the many characters that have left Weatherfield for pastures new.
Behind the scenes at Corrie's most explosive moments.
The stories of the kids who have grown up on our screens and how they coped.
A special Yuleside edition of the programme including the sad departure of Alf Roberts.
A special edition of the programme looking at some of the memorable stories around Christmas time in Coronation Street including the sad departure of Alf Roberts.
In this final part of the series, we look at some of the many characters that have left Weatherfield for pastures new.
The fourth instalment of the Corrie history series tells the stories of the kids who have grown up on our screens and how they coped with life under the spotlight.
Behind the scenes with Coronation Street storylines filmed on location. Narrated by Katherine Kelly, with Julie Goodyear, Helen Worth and Sherrie Hewson.
This second instalment of Coronation Street history, narrated by Katherine Kelly, recalls some of Corrie's biggest conflicts over the last fifty years.
A look at how real life and Corrie have often gone hand-in-hand. Featuring the strikes which closed Mike Baldwin's factory in the 1970s.


I find my joys in the residual.
The conversation of nature wires.
This response is fulfilling, I swear.
Glow and find their meanings incense.
The tryst to knowledge is likewise sown.
In this rhyming scale, I am found.
Of affection, togetherness, that shall spring.