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ZEUS JUICE New
PUKKA JUICE New
ANARCHIST New
Pachamama and nzo Launch Partnership to Collaborate on Pod System
by Rhiannon Ellison on January 08, 2020
Charlie's Holdings, Inc. an industry leader in both the premium, nicotine-only, e-cigarette space and the hemp-derived, CBD wellness space, announced today a strategic partnership with nzo, a visionary brand in the vaping industry, that will provide its closed device pod system.
The design of the nzo device is inspired by the lightweight feel and smooth lines of Italian supercars: sleek in look, light and tactile in the hand. There are no buttons or switches - the aim being simplicity. The system is particularly aimed at adult smokers who are seeking a way to quit harmful cigarette smoking but feel vaping has been too complicated to date.
Charlie's will be supplying its Pachamama line of liquid concentrates - Apple Tobacco, Strawberry Watermelon and Fuji Apple flavours- to be incorporated into nzo's closed device pods. nzo will be manufacturing the liquids for the pods in its dedicated UK factory. In order to meet the high demand of the end consumer, the initial launch will be for 150,000 units.
nzo plans to launch these new and exciting vape flavour pods in the U.K. by mid-January, and it will be launched at The Vaper Expo at the London Olympia held from February 15 to 18, 2020. nzo will leverage its existing distribution and its partner networks, aiming to have products on the shelves of at least 4,000 retail outlets by mid-2020. nzo will be sold across five continents with a particular focus on the Middle East. The plan is to then launch into the European Union, where they will be looking to extend their European distribution networks by targeting France, Germany and Italy.
Brandon Stump, Charlie's Holdings Chief Executive Officer, commented, "We are thrilled to have executed on this strategic partnership with nzo as it enables us to penetrate new markets internationally and does not cannabilize any of our existing sales. nzo is a great fit for us with their stylish, compact and very easy-to-use pod system. We share in the vision of offering consumers a less complicated, portable, no-liquid-spill device with long battery life, as an alternative to quit smoking cigarettes."
Irshad Kara of nzo, commented, "While we have been seeking to forge additional collaborations with e-liquid providers to enhance our easy-to-use portable vape pod system, we were extremely impressed by the feedback of the great taste of Pachamama's flavours in our device. We are confident our existing sales channels of convenience stores and vape stores, as well as our distribution network will welcome the new flavours. We look forward to the launch in January and the expansion throughout 2020 to additional countries."
About nzo
nzo is a global brand in the vaping industry with a mission to make available an easy to use system to help smokers quit. Its device, a pocket friendly closed pod vaping system, is sleek in look and light and tactile in the hand; inspired by the lightweight feel and smooth lines of Italian supercars. With no buttons or switches the aim is simplicity and so is particularly aimed at smokers that are seeking a way to quit harmful cigarette smoking but feel vaping has to date been too complicated to-date.
For additional information, please visit: https://nzovape.com.
About Charlie's Holdings, Inc.
Charlie's Holdings, Inc. (OTC Pink: CHUC) is an industry leader in both the premium, nicotine-only, e-cigarette space and the hemp-derived, CBD wellness space through its subsidiary companies Charlie's Chalk Dust, LLC and Don Polly, LLC. Charlie's Chalk Dust produces high quality vapor products currently distributed in more than over 90 countries around the world. Charlie's Chalk Dust has developed an extensive portfolio of brand styles, flavor profiles and innovative product formats. Launched in June of 2019, Don Polly, LLC formulates innovative hemp-derived CBD wellness products. Don Polly's high quality CBD products derive from single-strain-sourced hemp extract and high purity CBD isolate crystals.
For additional information, please visit our corporate website at: CharliesHoldings.com and our branded online websites: CharliesChalkDust and EnjoyPachamama.
We're here to help people lead more enjoyable, happier and healthier lives. Our mission is to help a billion adults stop smoking cigarettes.
Sign up to join the nzo community and receive guidance and advice on switching from smoking.
© nzo 2019. All Rights Reserved. nzo Vape Limited. Company no. 12245699


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María Josefina Muza Simón (Chetumal, Quintana Roo. 27 de marzo de 1950) es una política mexicana miembro del Partido Revolucionario Institucional. Chetumaleña de nacimiento y Carmense de Corazón, es hija del Sr. José Muza Chuaro y Josefina Simon Sade. Incursiona en la política cuando reside en la Ciudad de Playa del Carmen, siendo parte del grupo visionario de pioneros que promueve la creación del Octavo Municipio del Estado de Quintana Roo. Diputada Local por el Municipio de Solidaridad, Regidora del Ayuntamiento 1999 - 2001. Actualmente Coordinadora del Instituto Quintanarroense de la Mujer (IQM) en Zona Norte. Tiene 4 hijos: José Gonzalo, Carlos Antonio, Guadalupe Josefina (†) y Julieta Beauregard Muza.

Políticas de México
Políticos de Quintana Roo
Miembros del PRI de Quintana Roo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Nearly every culture throughout history has used chemicals that alter consciousness for spiritual exploration. In the 20th century these drugs caught the attention of scientists. Psychedelics, as they were named, proved effective at treating intractable illnesses like depression and addiction. And they became a tool for studying the mind, opening "the doors of perception," as Aldous Huxley wrote. But those doors slammed shut when President Nixon declared psychedelics dangerous and medically useless. Join scientists and "psychonauts" who are now picking up where research left off 50 years ago, experimenting with LSD, psilocybin, DMT and other psychedelics to heal—and reveal—the mind.
We make tools. It defines us. But since the first proto-human tied a stick to a stone, tools have also been making us. Join our panel of philosophers, anthropologists, and futurists as we examine our journey from the stone age to the computer age—seeking clues about who we are, and what we are becoming. Our smartphones have become veritable appendages. How long before we literally merge with our technology? Wearables, implantables, ingestible sensors, digital telepathy, and brain-computer interfaces are all on the horizon. Join us for a fascinating glimpse of a future that is closer than you think.
There is little doubt that Mars will be the next step in our continuing march to the skies, with some predicting we will take that giant leap within the next decade. Who among us will be the intrepid explorers to settle Mars? How will they survive on that barren world? What will life be like for the first human Martians? As the world celebrates the 50th anniversary of the moon landing, join us for a wondrous journey guided by a crew of experts who will explore the challenges—technological, physiological, and psychological—of sending humans to Mars. And as we set foot on that neighboring world, experience the red planet through full 3D imagery—mountains, plateaus, crevices, and caves—that some of us will one day call home.
May 2019 marks a pivotal milestone in human intellectual history: the 100th anniversary of astronomical observations that confirmed Albert Einstein's new conception of space, time and gravity–his General Theory of Relativity. In celebration of this momentous achievement, join Brian Greene and an ensemble Broadway cast for Light Falls, an original work for the stage featuring wondrous, fully immersive projections and an original orchestral score, tracing the breakthrough moments, agonizing frustrations, and final emergence into the light as the world's most intrepid scientific mind took on the universe. And won.
Sponsored by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation with additional support from the John Templeton Foundation.
Levitating trains, detecting earthquakes, and monitoring volcanoes: immerse yourself in the wonders of electricity, magnetism and their powerful applications to the natural world. Physicist and electrical engineer Oki Gunawan and computer engineer Bhavna Agrawal will show you how to construct and study a new type of magnetic trap and use it to build earthquake and volcano tilt sensors to better predict and monitor natural disasters. This is a student-only program for kids currently enrolled in the 4th grade – 8th grade. Parents/Guardians should drop off their children for this event.
If you've ever dreamed of being a secret agent, international spy, or an elite computer coder entrusted with keeping the world safe from the underground network of shapeshifting hackers, this apprenticeship is for you. Come encrypt then decrypt hidden messages using a cipher wheel with computer scientist Raquel Norel as she introduces you to the exciting secrets of cryptography. This is a student-only program for kids currently enrolled in the 4th grade – 8th grade. Parents/Guardians should drop off their children for this event.
When Alan Alda was 11-years-old, he asked his teacher, "What's a flame?" Her response—"It's oxidation"—left him both disappointed and still in the dark. From this moment of discouragement blossomed today's Flame Challenge, now in its seventh year: a contest that challenges scientists all over the world to explain a basic scientific concept simply and clearly enough that an 11-year-old can understand. This year's Flame Challenge is "What is climate?" It's not an easy question to answer. In this program, we will meet the winners of the challenge, hear their simple yet brilliantly clear explanations of climate, and even see a man-made floor-to-ceiling tornado.
This program is in association with The Flame Challenge™, an annual contest held by the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science at Stony Brook University.
Clean energy is the holy grail of our sustainable future. We've seen great strides in the use of both solar panels and wind turbines, but what about water, our most abundant resource? Come join entrepreneur Trey Taylor on an exploration of new hydropower solutions that have a shot at revolutionizing the future. This is a student-only program for kids currently enrolled in the 4th grade – 8th grade. Parents/Guardians should drop off their children for this event.
Ever wonder how zoo animals from otters to porcupines learn to follow simple commands? Come find out from expert trainers at the Staten Island Zoo, and learn enough about clicker training methods to train your own animals to be calm and well-behaved, whether at the vet, in the park, in transit, in your house, or in your future studies in wildlife conservation. This is a student-only program for kids currently enrolled in the 4th grade – 8th grade. Parents/Guardians should drop off their children for this event.
Look around at the everyday products in your home, like toothpaste, hair gel, shaving cream, shampoo. If you were to make these products yourself, which chemicals would you use? How do chemists figure out how to make all these colors and textures? Come find out with chemists and product designers Elizabeth Knapp, Mellanie Garner, and get to make your own hair products and create the perfect shade of foundation. This is a student-only program for kids currently enrolled in the 3rd grade – 5th grade. Parents/Guardians should drop off their children for this event.


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human shield
(Video) Nablus: 2 New Clips from Military Operation "Hot Winter" (tags)
Today, a-films and RJI released another two short video-interviews from the recent military operation in Nablus, Occupied Palestine. The first interview was conducted with Ashraf al-Tibi, the injured son of 'Anan al-Tibi, whom the Israeli Occupation Forces (IOF) shot dead on February 26th, 2007. The second interview is with 11-years-old Jihan Tahdush, who was used as a "human-shield" by Israeli soldiers during house-to-house searches in the Old City of Nablus.
US Fines, May Jail Woman Who Was 'Human Shield" in Iraq (tags)
Faith Fippinger, "a retired schoolteacher who went to Iraq to serve as a 'human shield' against the U.S. invasion is facing thousands of dollars in U.S. government fines, which she is refusing to pay." She could face 12 years in prison for taking this courageous stand against the US War Machine.
Elizabeth Cheney to become Human Shield (tags)
This is a translation of an Echo of Moscow Radio report, that Elizabeth Cheney is in Jordan en route to Iraq to serve as a Human Shield.
EMERGENCY POLITICAL ACTION !! CONTACT POPE JOHN PAUL II (tags)
Pope John Paul II can STOP THE WAR Ask John Paul II to go to BAGHDAD as a HUMAN SHIELD
Contact POPE JOHN PAUL II (tags)
Contact Pope John Paul II and ask him to go to Baghdad as a "Human Shield" IT WOULD STOP THE WAR (which is reported to start March 18) (war is reported to start next week 3/18)
Hundreds Pledge to Shield Iraq; Thousands Want to Join (tags)
This direct-action approach enables ordinary citizens around the world to stop the war with their shielding presence in Iraq. We no longer need our governments to drag us into strife and death. Forming the shield, we'll be making history - and a future. A better future for us all.
CONTACT THE POPE TO BE A HUMAN SHIELD IN BAGHDAD (tags)
If Pope John Paul became a Human Shield in Baghdad: There would be NO war! End of story. Contact the Pope! Contact info below:
Urge the pope himself to become a human shield (tags)
If Pope John Paul becomes a Human Shield in Baghdad: There will be NO war ! (the war is starting next week)
Stop the war - help the human shields! (tags)
An ex-US Marine is organising a mass movement of people to travel to Iraq and stand in the way of the Imperialist aggressors - these people need as much support as possible!
Human Shield to Protect Iraq (tags)
Anti-war British lawmaker George Galloway will call for international volunteers to form a human shield in Baghdad to try to thwart any attack after he flies to Iraq on Saturday.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Shire at War
The Social History of the Shire of Alberton (Gippsland) and the Great War
Before the War
The War to the end of 1914
January to June 1915
July to December 1915
Post War
Soldier settlement
Overall Lists
Memorials & Honor Rolls
121. Messines: G Martin & W E Babington
Two 'locals' – Gordon Martin and William Edward Babington – were killed in action on 8 June 1917 at Messines.
The fighting at Messines was heralded by the detonation of 19 mines under the opposing German lines. The German troops were demoralised and many surrendered. The allied troops were able to secure their objectives. Messines also saw the more accurate and effective use of artillery. The 'creeping' barrage was used to significant effect, although there were still casualties when the advancing troops went forward too quickly. A large number of British tanks were employed and there was more effective targeting of enemy positions, thanks in part to better maps and improved observation techniques. Overall, the military operation was judged 'successful'.
However, if the battle was judged a 'success', the casualties were still very high. As Beaumont (pp.323-4) puts it:
Messiness has been heralded as a classic illustration of what could be achieved on the Western Front when an operation was well planned by competent leaders [The planning by Monash, in charge of 3 Division, was said to be exemplary] and the infantry were asked to advance no further than the distance covered by their own artillery. … It should also be remembered that Messiness [7-14 June] cost 26,000 British casualties, of whom almost 14,000 were from II Anzac Corps, many of them victims of gas.
One of the 2 local men – Martin – was from 39 Battalion and the war diary for this battalion described how the men were subjected to heavy gas shelling even before they reached the assembly trenches for the attack. They had to move through Ploegsteert Wood where the gas was incredibly thick. Using their box respirators they struggled though the heavy gas in the dark. According to the account in the Offical History (Vol 4, Chapt XV) many officers collapsed from the effort involved in keeping the men moving.
The total number of casualties for 39 Battalion, to the point when they were relieved early in the morning of 9/6/17, was approximately 470. There were comparatively few deaths, but 300 were wounded and another 145 were missing.
The other local man – Babington – was from 37 Battalion and the overall casualty level was similar. The casualties, to the point the battalion was relieved – 11 am on 9/6/17 – were 492. In this instance there were 67 deaths, 331 men were wounded and only a handful of men missing.
For the AIF, 'victory' at such a cost was unsustainable, particularly given the very low recruiting numbers back home.
Gordon MARTIN (179)
39 Battalion KiA 8/6/1917
Gordon Martin was a volunteer whose military service was not remembered in the local area. His name does not appear on any memorial in the Shire of Alberton. Yet he definitely enlisted from Yarram. He had his initial medical in Yarram with Dr Crooks on 28/1/16. A railway warrant (#260) for travel to Melbourne to complete the enlistment process was issued in his name by the Shire Secretary on the same date. The address that appeared on the embarkation roll was Barry's Hotel, Alberton. The occupation given was 'operating porter', suggesting that he was employed at the Alberton Railway Station. Possibly he had not been living and working in the Shire very long but the reality is that he did enlist from there. There is no evidence that he was ever given a formal farewell from the Shire.
To make his life even more unknown and unrecorded, there is very little detail of his military service and the circumstances of his death. There is no Red Cross file for him and his family did not complete the information for the (National) Roll of Honour. Nor is there any correspondence in his service file to throw additional light on his life in the AIF.
Gordon Martin was born in Dunolly. His enlistment was completed on 21/2/16 – nearly one moth after the medical in Yarram – and at the the time he was 22 yo and single. His religion was Church of England. His father – John E Martin of Seymour – was given as his next-of-kin. He enlisted as reinforcements for 39 Battalion.
Private Martin embarked for overseas on 27/5/16 and reached the UK on 18/7/16. He joined 39 Battalion in France on 23/11/16 and was killed in action at Messiness on 8/6/17. His family was notified of the death at the start of July (2/7/17). He was buried at Strand Military Cemetery, Ploegsteert, Belgium. Personal kit – Identity Disc, 2 Note Books, Photos, Testament, Prayer Book, Fountain Pen, Scissors, Cigarette Case, Razor – was returned to the family in March 1918.
As already indicated, while the casualties for 39 Battalion at Messiness were very high, relatively few men (24) were killed. Private Martin was one of them.
William Edward BABINGTON (228)
37 Battalion KiA 8/6/17
Unlike Gordon Martin, William Babington was very well known in the local area and his name appears on many memorials: the Shire of Alberton Roll of Honor, the Alberton Shire Soldiers' Memorial, and the honor rolls for the Yarram State School, the Presbyterian Charge and Stacey's Bridge.
William Babington was born on 22/9/1891 at Trentham. He grew up in the local area, attending Yarram State School. His father – William Dunn Babington – was a dairy farmer at Jack River where he had a 114 acre property. The son worked on the family farm and on his enlistment papers he gave his occupation as 'dairyman'. The mother was Williamina (sic) Babington. There another brother – John Sutherland Babington – who had enlisted very early in the War (16/9/14). He was younger (20 yo) and at the time was also helping on the family farm. All his military service was in the Middle East and he returned to Australia with the rank of sergeant in July 1919.
When the father completed the information for the (National) Roll of Honour he indicated that Stacey's Bridge was the place with which his son was 'chiefly connected'. William Babington was also closely identified with Devon, where, prior to enlisting, he had been the captain of the local football club.
At the time William Babington enlisted he was 25 yo and single. His religion was Presbyterian and he appears to have been actively involved in the church as a young person.
Private Babington had his first medical on 21/1/16 in Yarram with Dr Crooks – this was exactly one week before Gordon Martin's medical – and he was re-examined in Melbourne on 16/2/16. The official date for his enlistment was 8/2/16 and he joined as reinforcements for 37 Battalion. There was a formal farewell for him and 20 other local recruits – Gordon Martin was not there – held at Yarram on 24/4/16. It was reported in the local paper – Gippsland Standard and Alberton Shire Representative – on 26/4/16. On the occasion, he and the others were told that, The charge of the Light Brigade faded into insignificance compared with the brave deeds of our Australian boys at Gallipoli. It was one of the many occasions when the farewell was used to appeal for more volunteers. The Shire medallion was handed to the men.
Private Babington embarked from Melbourne on 3/6/16 and reached England on 25/7/16. There was a period of further training before he proceeded to France and joined 37 Battalion in November (22/11/16). He was promoted to lance corporal in March 1917 (5/317).
On 1/11/16 the local paper published a letter written by Private Babington which covered, in detail, the voyage from Australia on the troopship Persic, and first impressions of the enormous military camp on Salisbury Plain near Amesbury. He noted of the camp, You will hardly believe that this camp is 12 miles by 13, nothing but huts as far as the eye can see. He also noted that … there are over 40,000 Australians camped here.
Lance Corporal Babington was killed at Messines on 8 June 1917. One witness statement in the Red Cross file had the date of death as 7 June, the first day of the battle. There are other inconsistencies in the several witness statements but, generally, it appears that he was shot, in the chest, and died within a few minutes. Several refer to him being shot by a German sniper and as he was a lewis gunner it is highly likely that he would have been targeted. Some witnesses reported him being buried but others were unsure, and one even reported that he saw the body still in the field three days after he had been killed. Most agreed that if he had been buried, the grave would have been in Ploegsteert Wood. There is also a record of the grave being SE of Messines. However, in the end, there was no formal identification of any grave and Lace-Corporal Babington's name is recorded on the Menin Gate Memorial, Ypres.
The cable to advise the family of the death was dated 22/6/17. However, it appears that the information did not reach the family until 26/6/17. Three days later, on 29/6/17, the death was reported in the local paper:
Mr. W Babington, Stacey's Bridge, received the sad message on Tuesday night that his son, Lance Corporal W. E. Babington, had been killed in action on 9th (sic) June, 1917, and conveying the sympathy of King and Queen and Commonwealth. Lance Corporal Babington previous to enlisting was a popular young man, a good footballer and captain of the Devon team, and worked with his father as a dairy farmer. … Lance Corporal Babington paid the supreme sacrifice for his country. The sympathy of our readers will be extended to Mr. and Mrs. Babington and family at Stacey's Bridge in the loss of their son.
The article also described how The night before the sad tidings reached his parents a letter came by mail, saying he was fighting only 200 yards from the enemy.
Then on 21/9/17 the following additional article on the death of Lance Corporal Babington appeared in the local paper under the heading A Gippsland Hero. The father obviously provided the paper with the correspondence he had received from the UK. It is worth quoting the letter in full because it illustrates how the all-pervasive, background narrative of the sacrifice of the Christian soldier was so commonly applied at the time and in such a highly personal way. No matter how dreadful the loss of the son, there was a strong and comforting religious 'explanation' of the tragedy.
Mr. Wm. Babbington (sic), Stacey's Bridge, has received from the chaplain at the front particulars relating to his son's death. He writes: – Dear Mr. Babington. – You have had the official word of your son's death in action, Lance Corporal W. E. Babington, No. 228. on the 8/6/17. It was in the great battle of Messiness, that splendid victory, but won only by much sacrifice, and your fine lad was one. He was a hero. I have just been talking with O.M.S. Redd[?], of his Company, who was beside him when he fell. It was right up to the very forefront of the attack, and your boy was fearlessly brave – was one of those who by their indomitable courage made the attack so successful. A shot from the enemy, however, got him, and he died on the spot. His comrades thought the world of him, and the O.M.S tells me it nearly knocked the heart out of him to see your boy fall. They were fine fellows, these boys of ours, good souled and fine spirited. As their chaplain I thought very much of them, their earnest interest in the real things that count. How keen they were for religious ministrations, and at services and communions they gave splendid attendance. They went into the fight well prepared, and the God above them gave them strength and courage. As He will give to you for your great sorrow. God help you is our prayer. We always pray for you all in our services. Your boy with the rest was keen on these things, yours in much sympathy.
A. Irving Davidson, Presbyterian Chaplain to the Regiment.
Personal kit was returned to the family in March 1918: Calabash Pipe, Folding Scissors, 2 Notebooks, Cards, photos, Letters.
William Edward Babington, courtesy Heather McAlpine, Stacey's Bridge
The contrast between the 2 men killed on the same day highlights just how significant the locals' definition of 'local' could be. It also throws light on the fate of the itinerant, working-class volunteers: if a person was not tied to a particular location, his effort and 'sacrifice' could easily dissipate, if not disappear.
Gippsland Standard and Alberton Shire Representative
Beaumont, J 2013, Broken Nation: Australians in the Great War, Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest NSW.
Bean, CEW 1941, Official History of Australia in the War of 1914-1918, Volume 4 – The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1917 (11th Edition, 1941)
Gordon Martin
National Archives file for MARTIN Gordon 179
Roll of Honour: Gordon Martin
First World War Embarkation Rolls: Gordon Martin
William Edward Babington
National Archives file for BABINGTON William Edward 228
Roll of Honour: William Edward Babington
First World War Embarkation Rolls: William Edward Babington
Red Cross Wounded and Missing file: William Edward Babington
This entry was posted in January to June 1917, Recruiting, Religion & Community, The dead, The rural working class on June 13, 2017 by pcashen.
← 120. Soldiers' farewells and welcomes in the first half of 1917 122. G E Goodson →
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Shire of Alberton Medallion. Presented to men from the Shire who enlisted in the AIF. courtesy Mrs Margery Missen, Yarram
222. A closer look at the 'supreme sacrifice' of those who died on active service December 11, 2022
221. Analysing the 'sacrifice' of the cohort of men who enlisted, embarked and served overseas. October 30, 2022
220. Soldier settlement: a scheme of best intentions designed with inherent weaknesses December 20, 2021
219. The extent and significance of local involvement in the soldier settlement scheme November 17, 2021
218. The soldier settler's dependent relationship on the local committee October 22, 2021
217. The significance of the reference in securing the Qualification Certificate, including a generational perspective September 5, 2021
216. Sentiment vs the market: Archie Morley's failed bid to become a soldier settler July 27, 2021
215. The problematic history of the names on the Soldiers' Memorial in Yarram April 16, 2021
214. Repatriation: bold promises and real limits March 3, 2021
213. Sectarianism after WW1 January 29, 2021
212. The Shire of Alberton unveils a memorial to its soldiers November 23, 2020
211. Club rooms for the returned men or a memorial hall for the Shire? October 21, 2020
210. Rev George Cox and his 'Notes on Gippsland History' (2): versions of history and the question of race August 4, 2020
209. The White Australia Policy: always in the background July 28, 2020
208. Rev George Cox and his 'Notes on Gippsland History' (1) May 27, 2020
207. Complete list 6 (T-Z) April 16, 2020
206. Complete list 5 (P-S) March 3, 2020
205. Complete list 4 (M-O) February 28, 2020
204. Complete list 3 (H-L) January 28, 2020
203. Complete list 2 (D-G) December 21, 2019
202. Complete list 1 (A-C) November 22, 2019
201. Railway warrants 1914-1918 October 13, 2019
200. 'Recruits Rejected by Local Doctors' October 11, 2019
199. The rejected October 2, 2019
198. List of those not able to be traced September 4, 2019
197. Update May 15, 2019
196. Deaths after the Armistice February 12, 2019
195. Update: the blog after the centenary of the Armistice November 23, 2018
194. F W Lowther November 22, 2018
193. Armistice: the returned soldiers celebrate November 17, 2018
192. Thanksgiving Sunday, 17/11/18 November 12, 2018
191. Armistice celebrations in the Shire of Alberton November 9, 2018
190. Strength of Empire Movement November 3, 2018
189. Spanish Flu. Part 1 October 29, 2018
188. Valentine Crowley and the cost of disloyalty October 19, 2018
187. W D Glanfield October 14, 2018
184. Enlistments in the second half of 1918 October 7, 2018
186. Enlistments in the second half of 1918: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history October 5, 2018
185. Enlistments in the second half of 1918: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status 1 October 5, 2018
183. A P Christensen September 28, 2018
181. Returning home in 1918 September 18, 2018
182. T C F McCarthy September 17, 2018
180. Farewells in 1918 September 5, 2018
179. R E Cross August 28, 2018
178. A Sherlock August 20, 2018
177. H B Chenhall August 12, 2018
176. W H Sutton & H B Murray August 10, 2018
175. J Singleton August 9, 2018
174. A Morgan August 5, 2018
173. Enlistments in the first half of 1918: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history July 18, 2018
172. Enlistments in the first half of 1918: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status July 17, 2018
171. Enlistments in the first half of 1918 July 12, 2018
170. E L Garland & C H Rendell July 4, 2018
169. W R Nuttall June 17, 2018
168. H S Davis & T A Wilson June 16, 2018
167. The search for 'eligibles', May 1918 June 11, 2018
166. Smoke Social April 25, 1918 May 28, 2018
165. F L Harrison May 25, 2018
164. C B H Johnson May 14, 2018
163. F P Booker May 13, 2018
162. R V Fleming May 8, 2018
161. Anzac Day 1918: For England April 27, 2018
160. A E Barlow April 19, 2018
159. P J Sexton April 17, 2018
158. E J Alford April 13, 2018
157. E R V Foote April 9, 2018
156. B P Morris March 19, 2018
155. R H Hofen March 18, 2018
154. The start of the 1918 school year and yet more division March 14, 2018
153. The case of Charles William Frederick Allum February 26, 2018
152. The Queen Carnival of November 1917 and more division February 22, 2018
151. The war against drink 2: the grocer's licence at the Yarram Co-op Store February 15, 2018
150. The second conscription referendum (Dec 20, 1917) January 18, 2018
149. R J Trigg December 28, 2017
148. Returned Sailors' and Soldiers' Imperial League (of Australia), local branch December 23, 2017
147. Soldiers' farewells and welcomes in the second half of 1917 December 18, 2017
146. Enlistments in the second half of 1917: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history November 21, 2017
145. Enlistments in the second half of 1917: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status November 19, 2017
144. Enlistments in the second half of 1917 November 17, 2017
143. R Yon November 11, 2017
142. C Hibbs / A Goodwin November 10, 2017
141. Beersheba 31 Oct, 1917: R H Morley, A Wilson & A S Tregilgas October 31, 2017
140. A E Rust October 29, 2017
139. Passchendaele 2 – Oct 12, 1917: F G Allin, W Moulden & D Grinlington October 27, 2017
138. Passchendaele 1 – Oct 9, 1917: W Hickey, B Nicholas & H S Ray October 25, 2017
137. Oct 6, 1917: D A Hanrahan & R V Whitford October 24, 2017
136. Broodseinde, Oct. 1917: T M Bolger, H J Missen, R E Power & J Francis October 21, 2017
133. Menin Road, Sept. 1917: G E Withinshaw, F W Butler, J Kennedy, C Saal & J D McLennan September 13, 2017
132. The Great Strike, August 1917 August 25, 2017
135. J R O'Day August 17, 2017
134. Polygon Wood, Sept. 1917: S Jolly, A Jones & J D Robertson August 17, 2017
131. E J Appleyard August 3, 2017
130. W Browney July 28, 2017
129. E N Lear July 23, 2017
125. L R Berryman June 28, 2017
124. Yarram Recruiting Committee – first half of 1917. Part B June 26, 2017
123. Yarram Recruiting Committee – first half of 1917. Part A June 23, 2017
122. G E Goodson June 14, 2017
121. Messines: G Martin & W E Babington June 13, 2017
120. Soldiers' farewells and welcomes in the first half of 1917 June 1, 2017
119. E E Morley May 17, 2017
118. G W Paterson May 11, 2017
117. J L Slavin May 8, 2017
116. W S Filmer May 4, 2017
115. E J McCarthy April 26, 2017
114. O Patterson April 20, 2017
113. C J Sweeney April 17, 2017
112. H M Raymond April 10, 2017
111. J F Gellion March 30, 2017
110. A H Whitford March 22, 2017
109. P D Boddy March 20, 2017
108. J H Martin March 17, 2017
107. A J Godfrey March 14, 2017
106. J O Mason March 9, 2017
105. The soldiers' vote denied February 26, 2017
104. Hughes and Mannix, late 1916 – early 1917: the national and local scenes February 14, 2017
103. Enlistments in the second half of 1916: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history February 5, 2017
102. Enlistments in the second half of 1916: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status February 1, 2017
101. Enlistments in the second half of 1916 January 28, 2017
100. E T Gay January 17, 2017
99. Flers (4) – G A Cowley December 22, 2016
98. Flers (3) – G E JEFFS December 15, 2016
97. The war against drink December 9, 2016
96. Alberton Shire Soldiers' Memorial December 6, 2016
95. Flers (2) – G M NICHOLAS, C C APPLEYARD, A ROBINSON & F H SEBIRE November 26, 2016
94. A V FARTHING November 21, 2016
93. Conscription Referendum 1916: the (private) No vote November 20, 2016
92. Flers (1) – N W BOOTH, A LAING & A L NEWLAND November 10, 2016
91. Conscription Referendum 1916: the (public) No vote November 6, 2016
90. P M ORMSBY November 3, 2016
89. Conscription Referendum 1916: key Yes backers November 2, 2016
88. Conscription Referendum 1916: the Yes vote October 29, 2016
87. Yarram Recruiting Committee, 1916: 'dead to all sense of patriotism or shame' October 19, 2016
86. J CARTER October 13, 2016
85. Soldiers' farewells 1916 October 10, 2016
84. Schooling, religion & Imperialism, Part B: Secularism September 30, 2016
83. Enlistments in the first half of 1916: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history September 11, 2016
82. Enlistments in the first half of 1916: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status September 10, 2016
81. Enlistments in the first half of 1916 September 9, 2016
80. Pozieres: Moquet Farm from 10/8/16 – G W APPLEYARD, A REEVES, J NEIL & P J MILLS August 17, 2016
79. Pozieres: 2 Division, 4-5 August – J E McINTOSH, P J DAVIDSON, G V AUBREY, A G INSEAL & G T MORLEY August 16, 2016
78. Pozieres: 2 Division, 28 July- early August – H C HOW & R H NEBBITT August 2, 2016
77. Pozieres: 1 Division, 23-27 July 1916 -L NOONAN, H I GEORGE, J H MANDERS & A B ELLIOTT August 1, 2016
76. Pozieres July-September 1916 July 28, 2016
75. Fromelles: 60 Battalion – C CLAYTON July 25, 2016
74. Fromelles: 59 Battalion – H GILFOY, V GRENVILLE, I J LEAR, A LIDDELOW, F A LIDGETT, L J NEIL & S SLEIGH July 22, 2016
73. Fromelles: 31 Battalion – H MATES & H V WILLIS July 22, 2016
72. Fromelles: 29 Battalion – R M COLE & D F LIVINGSTON July 21, 2016
71. Fromelles July 20, 2016
70. The girl and the young soldier July 9, 2016
69. Maurice Edward O'NEILL 1960 July 9, 2016
68. Schooling, religion & Imperialism, Part A: a natural trinity July 7, 2016
67. Ireland, Empire and Irish-Australians June 4, 2016
66. Percy Allen WALLACE 273 May 30, 2016
65. Yarram Recruiting Committee, 1915 May 20, 2016
64. Monster (recruiting) Meeting at Yarram, July 1915 May 10, 2016
63. Enlistments in the second half of 1915: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history May 1, 2016
62. Enlistments in the second half of 1915: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status April 22, 2016
61. Enlistments in the second half of 1915 March 24, 2016
60. Soldiers' farewells 1915 February 18, 2016
59. Empire Day celebrations 1915 February 10, 2016
58. The case of Rudolph Schmidt, postal worker at Traralgon January 27, 2016
57. Enlistments in the first half of 1915: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history January 18, 2016
56. Enlistments in the first half of 1915: background characteristics Part 1 – movement, occupation, age and marital status December 23, 2015
55. Enlistments in the first half of 1915 December 16, 2015
54. Arthur Charles Valentine KENNEDY 146 November 26, 2015
53. Anti-German sentiment in the Shire of Alberton to the end of 1915 November 7, 2015
52. Update 3 October 6, 2015
51. Walter George PEEL 962 August 29, 2015
50. David Jeffrey WILLIS 62nd Company August 26, 2015
49. William Scoones DEWELL 1153 August 21, 2015
48. Alexander John McLEOD 1709 and Leslie John McLEOD 1077 August 16, 2015
47. John Henry ADAMS 31 August 11, 2015
46. George Thomas TYLER 2194 August 10, 2015
45. The Nek: Patrick SWEENEY 451, James MOYSEY 138, James PICKETT 232 August 8, 2015
44. Frederick Arthur BIRD 559 August 6, 2015
43. August 1915 August 5, 2015
42. Alfred Kitson McDOUGALL 126 July 18, 2015
40. Edward RADBURN 477 July 9, 2015
39. Nathan HEPBURN 584 July 2, 2015
41. Pressed to enlist in the first half of 1915 July 1, 2015
38. 'Flag flapping' patriotism June 30, 2015
37. "They Rose To The Occasion" : the AIF's image emerges victorious June 16, 2015
36. David George SUTTON 1552 June 1, 2015
35. Image problems for the AIF before Gallipoli May 14, 2015
34. Sydney FERRES 194 and Frederick KIELLERUP 1047 May 8, 2015
33. Donald CAMPBELL 32 May 4, 2015
32. The telegrams begin: William WILSON 515 and Albert Edward WIDDON 803 April 30, 2015
31. ANZAC Day 1915: Walter TIBBS 946 April 24, 2015
30. ANZAC Day 1915: Thomas Elevious ELLEFSEN 1331 April 24, 2015
29. ANZAC Day 1915: Charles Samuel TOLLEY 1187 April 24, 2015
28. ANZAC Day 1915: Private Ernest Ralph PALLOT 2164 April 24, 2015
27. 'The lions of the evening – the men in khaki': farewells to mid 1915 April 21, 2015
26. Soldiers of Christ April 7, 2015
25. The Belgian Narrative. Part 2: The Shire responds March 18, 2015
24. Honor Roll of the Shire of Alberton March 12, 2015
23. Enlistments to the end of 1914: background characteristics Part 2 – religion, units and service history February 28, 2015
22. Enlistments to the end of 1914: background characteristics Part 1- movement, occupation, age and marital status February 12, 2015
21. Enlistments to the end of 1914: identifying the 'locals' February 2, 2015
20. Map of the Shire of Alberton, 1914 January 15, 2015
19. British immigrant farm workers prior to WW1 December 14, 2014
18. Was it possible, by the end of 1914, to comprehend the reality and scale of industrial war in Europe? December 2, 2014
17. Updates 1 & 2 December 1, 2014
16. Righteous war and religious renewal, September-October 1914 November 10, 2014
15. The Belgian Narrative. Part 1: to the end of September 1914 October 17, 2014
14. Those who failed the medical: Yarram, Sept. 1914 October 8, 2014
13. Individual 'locals' who enlisted prior to 21 Sept. 1914 October 3, 2014
12. Recruits from the Shire, September 1914. Part 2 September 24, 2014
10. Rural workers and the federal election of 1914 September 9, 2014
9. The Shire's sense of its history at the outbreak of the War – Part 2 August 27, 2014
8. The Defence of the Nation: The White Australia Policy August 17, 2014
7. The Defence of the Nation: Junior and Senior Cadets August 11, 2014
6. The Defence of the Nation: The Rifle Clubs of Alberton Shire August 6, 2014
5. The Shire's sense of its history at the outbreak of the War – Part 1 July 18, 2014
4. News of the Assassination reaches the Shire July 11, 2014
3. Empire Day 1914 July 3, 2014
2. Martyr for the Empire June 24, 2014
Divided Community
Extent and nature of casualties
History of the Shire
Prominent Citizens
Religion & Community
School & Community
Sport & Community
The AIF
The Irish Question
The narrative of the War
The politics of commemoration
The role of the Press
The rural working class
War preparation
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© Copyright 2014-21 Shire at War


Sunday is the Super Bowl.
I look forward to playing poker and watching. It's easy to do both because in a three-hour-plus NFL game there are just 11 minutes of actual football action.
So we'll have plenty of time to watch Atlanta politicians take credit for the stadium that will host the game. Atlanta's former mayor calls it "simply the best facility in the world."
But politicians aren't likely to talk about what I explain in my latest video -- how taxpayers were forced to donate more than $700 million to the owner of Atlanta's football team, billionaire Arthur Blank, to get him to build the stadium.
In addition to the subsidies, the Falcons get all the money from parking, restaurants and merchandise sales. Sweet deal.
But not an unusual one. Some NFL teams collect even more in government subsidies than it cost to build their stadiums.
So taxpayers, most of whom never attend a game, subsidize billionaires.
I don't fault Blank for grabbing the money. I like the guy. He made our lives better by founding Home Depot. We're both stutterers who donate money to AIS, a stuttering treatment program.
Since politicians give money away, Blank's shareholders would consider him irresponsible not to take it.
The problem is that politicians give away your money in the first place.
I understand why they do it.
They like going to games and telling voters, "I brought the team to our town!"
Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn Goodman and her cronies recently funneled $750 million of taxpayer money to the owners of the Oakland Raiders to get them to move the team to Vegas.
Reporter Jon Ralston asked her, "Why should there be one cent of public money when you have two guys who could pay for this themselves?"
The mayor replied lamely, "I think it really is a benefit to us that really could spill over into something."
Spill over into ... something. Politicians always claim giving taxpayer money to team owners will "spill over" to the whole community.
They call their handouts investments -- a "terrific investment," as the mayor of Atlanta put it.
But it's not a good investment. It's a bad one.
Politicians point to that extra business activity that occurs when the football team plays at home, but the Atlanta Falcons, like most NFL teams, play just 10 home games. The stadium is used for some concerts and soccer games, but most days little or nothing happens there.
That's why economists who study stadium subsidies call them a bad deal for taxpayers.
The problem is the seen vs. the unseen, as economist Frederic Bastiat put it. All of us see the people at the games buying beer and hotdogs.
But we don't see the larger number of citizens, who had their money taken from them to spend on the stadium, (SET ITAL)not(END ITAL) buying things.
We don't see two fewer customers in a restaurant or the home remodeling that never got done. Those humbler projects lack the political clout and don't get the media attention that politicians and the stadium-builders get.
So this Sunday, when Atlanta politicians brag about their beautiful stadium, and clueless media claim that it created lots of jobs, let's also remember the jobs the subsidies destroyed -- and the tax money that was given to rich people.
The problem isn't just Atlanta, and it isn't just sports.
Most every time government presumes to tell us where and how our money should be spent rather than leaving it up to free individuals, it creates a loss.
Politicians announce whatever project they fund with great fanfare, implying you should be thankful to them -- as if football, or the arts, or whatever is unveiled in the latest ribbon-cutting ceremony, couldn't exist without politicians moving money from your pocket to the pockets of their cronies.
But really, government shrinks your ability to make choices every time it steers money away from what you might choose to spend it on.
Football is popular enough to thrive without politicians subsidizing it.
John Stossel is author of "No They Can't! Why Government Fails -- But Individuals Succeed." For other Creators Syndicate writers and cartoonists, visit www.creators.com.
COPYRIGHT 2019 BY JFS PRODUCTIONS INC.
See Other Commentaries by John Stossel.


The goal of this program is to introduce participants to the complexities of world politics, making them aware of the multiple dimensions existing in the international area and facilitating their understanding of economic and political decisions, taking the geopolitical context and policy processes involved into consideration.
The participant profile is broad: firstly, graduate students with an interest in international studies and geopolitical issues, and, secondly, professionals and other interested parties who require a better understanding of modern international decision-making processes.
This specialization course is designed for graduate students with Bachelor's Degrees in social sciences (Political Science, Sociology, Economics, Business and Administration, Social Sciences), other Bachelor's Degrees and non-graduate students interested in international policy issues and concerned about the problems that the modern world faces. The level of the course subjects is equivalent to a Master's Degree, but non-graduate students will be accepted provided they have minimum level knowledge to follow the program.
This program would enhance the international relations profile of a broad range of professionals currently working on matters with international dimensions. The program has been designed to reveal the intricacies of world politics and global governance both at a sector level and in terms of their aggregate geopolitical dimensions.


Solitude. Respite. Inhale, exhale. The following article is by Lacy Largent, Camp Allen's Spiritual Director, about the beauty of retreat and what Camp Allen can offer those of you who are looking for a space to refill your soul in the presence of God.
"Draw yourself a times of listening to silence. Draw yourself a times of sweet solitude. And come to avoid sounds of ones constantly speaking. And the word of heavenly wisdom will come to you." These lyrics by John Michael and Terry Talbot speak to a theology of retreat that includes listening, silence, solitude, intentional separation from distractions, and connection with the heavenly wisdom of God. Remarkably, a retreat can be over a few days or through a quiet time one has carved out within the space of a day, an hour, and maybe even a few minutes! The notion of "going on retreat" has been taken up by corporate groups, organizations, civic groups, religious groups, individual retreatants, and many others who come to Camp Allen. In a theological context, making a retreat typically has as part of its purpose drawing closer to God, others, and oneself. In the course of our busy lives, it is helpful and perhaps essential, for us to be intentional about setting apart time and space to devote to just simply "being" in the presence of God.
Camp Allen offers a wonderfully sacred environment where those on retreat can experience a sense of the holy out in the midst of nature: seeing the majesty of the trees looming overhead, taking in the smell of the fragrant flowers and the piney woods, hearing the birds chirping, tasting the salt on your lips after a long walk on one of our many trails, and touching items left as gifts in your path by the many creatures that make Camp Allen their home. Consider making plans to come retreat with us: roam the grounds; sit and pray in one of our several meditation areas; walk the stations of the cross; journey through our labyrinth letting go of thoughts and things that are distracting you as you move toward the center and embracing the gifts God places in your heart and mind as you move outward from the center back into the world; and participate in our daily worship services thus structuring your day around prayer in community.
Many clergy and lay persons come to Camp Allen to retreat while serving as a Chaplain-in-Residence. They serve for a week—from Monday afternoon through Sunday morning--leading Morning and Evening Prayer twice daily, and celebrating or assisting with the Holy Eucharist on Sunday. With those minimal, but important, responsibilities, chaplains-in-residence have an abundance of free time to simply "be," to read and study, to walk and exercise, to rest and sleep, to keep silence, to pray, to listen for heavenly wisdom from God, and to intentionally choose solitude and create a space wherein God may dwell.


text:
Build a Light Detector Inspired by Space Communications
Go to Student Project
See tips for remote instruction in the Management section.
In this activity, students will gain a better understanding of where space begins. They will use a map scale to determine the relative distance to space from the surface of a map. They will then stack coins the appropriate height to mark the edge of space.
State or county maps with scale distance bars (can be printed or displayed from online maps) OR download Los Angeles area map (PDF)
Various coins, metal washers, or other thin stackable items
Ruler with millimeter markings
Students will need printed maps with a scale bar displayed. Maps can be printed from online mapping services. Be sure to select the printing options that include scale bars. You can also download and print this Los Angeles area map.
Local maps, such as city maps, may have scale bars that are too short (i.e., show too few miles per length of the scale bar) making it impractical to stack coins high enough to display the scale distance to space accurately. Maps covering a larger area work best.
Prior to the lesson, identify several landmarks, cities, or other known features that are about 62 miles from your school. These will be used as a distance reference.
Tips for Remote Instruction
Students can print a map at home, or place a sheet of paper on a computer screen and gently trace the outline of a map and the scale bar.
Students using tablet computers can open a map on the device, lay it flat, and stack coins on the screen. In this case, it may help to take a screengrab of the map and access it on the device's photo gallery, so that students don't accidentally change the interactive map view.
We often think of space as being very far away. Planets are many millions or even billions of miles away, and stars are so far away that their distances are measured in light years. (A light year is the distance light travels in a year and is equal to six trillion miles.) Yet the edge of space – or the point where we consider spacecraft and astronauts to have entered space, known as the Von Karman Line – is only 62 miles (100 kilometers) above sea level.
Watch en Español: Seleccione subtítulos en Español bajo el ícono de configuración. | Watch on YouTube
During its 35 years of operation, NASA's Space Shuttle operated at 190 miles to 330 miles (304 kilometers to 528 kilometers) above sea level, depending on its mission. The International Space Station maintains an orbit approximately 250 miles (400 kilometers) above sea level, while the Hubble Space Telescope operates at an altitude of about 340 miles (550 kilometers).
An image taken in October 2018 shows the International Space Station flying above Earth. Credit: NASA | › Full image and caption
Step 2. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech | + Expand image
Ask students how far they would have to travel from the surface of Earth to reach space. After several responses, tell students that the distance to the edge of space is 62 miles above sea level. Mention the altitude of the International Space Station and the Hubble Space Telescope. Share several landmarks, cities, or other notable features that are approximately 62 miles from your school or city. You can also reference locations students may know that are farther than 62 miles to make a point that those places are farther from them than the edge of space.
Hand out maps to each student or group. Have them find the distance scale bar and identify its scale length (e.g., 50 miles, 100 miles, etc.). Ask students to measure the length of their map scale bar in millimeters.
Based on their measurements, students should now determine what 62 miles on the scale bar equals in millimeters. There are a variety of ways to find this answer, depending on the math concepts with which students are familiar. For simplicity, students could determine how far 60 miles on the scale bar is in millimeters.
Now, students will model the distance from the surface of Earth to space. Have students stack coins on their map until the height of the coins is equal to the millimeter figure they calculated in Step 3.
Why do you think getting to space is so difficult when it's only 62 miles away?
Answer: Space is 62 vertical miles away. It takes a lot of energy to overcome gravity for that distance and gain the speed required to stay in orbit (approximately 17,500 miles per hour) once you've arrived.
How would the distance to space be different from Denver compared with Los Angeles?
Answer: The distance to space from Denver is approximately 61 miles while it's about 62 miles to space from Los Angeles. This is because Denver is 1 mile above sea level while Los Angeles is close to sea level.
Students should be able to correctly measure the scale distance bar on the map in millimeters.
Students should be able to correctly determine how far 62 (approximately 60) scale miles spans in millimeters.
Students should be able to correctly stack coins to the scale height representing approximately 60 miles.
Ask students to make a stack of coins reaching the altitudes of the following objects orbiting Earth:
International Space Station: 250 miles (400 km)
Hubble Space Telescope: 340 miles (550 km)
Ask students to determine how high a stack of coins would need to be to represent the distance from Earth's surface to the Moon, which orbits 238,855 miles (384,400 kilometers) away.
Ask students to determine how high a stack of coins would need to be to represent the distance from Earth's surface to the James Webb Space Telescope, which will be stationed about 1,000,000 miles (1,600,000 kilometers) away.
Give students the opportunity to explore additional scale distance activities from the list below.
Solar System Bead Activity
Students create a scale model of the solar system using beads and string.
Solar System Scroll
Students predict the scale of our solar system and the distance between planets, then check their answers using fractions.
Create a Solar System Scale Model With Spreadsheets
In this activity, students use spreadsheet software and their knowledge of scale, proportion and ratios to develop a solar system model that fits on a playground.
Kinesthetic Radial Model of the Solar System
Students model the position of the planets around the Sun and then model viewing them from Earth on any given date.
Modeling the Earth-Moon System
Students learn about scale models and distance by creating a classroom-size Earth-Moon system.
Make a Scale Solar System
Use beads and string, sidewalk chalk, or your own creative choice of materials to build a scale model of planet sizes or distances in the solar system.
Subject Mathematics
Types: CLASSROOM ACTIVITY
Grade Levels: 3 - 7
Primary Topic: MEASUREMENT
NUMBER AND OPERATIONS
Use the four operations to solve word problems involving distances, intervals of time, liquid volumes, masses of objects, and money, including problems involving simple fractions or decimals, and problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.
4.MD.A.2
Represent and solve problems involving multiplication and division.
3.OA.A
Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division.
5.NF.B
Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
7.RP.A
Solve problems involving scale drawings of geometric figures, including computing actual lengths and areas from a scale drawing and reproducing a scale drawing at a different scale.
7.G.A.1
Keywords: EARTHSCALESCALE MODELSOLAR SYSTEM SCALE MODELMODELMODELINGISSINTERNATIONAL SPACE STATIONJWSTQUICK AND EASYARTEMIS


One of my favorite things to do when I travel to a new place is try the local cuisine. I will eat anything once. I've munched on cow tongue in France, crunched on bugs in Thailand, and washed down a handful of dried fish flakes in Iceland; whatever it is I will at least have a bite before judging. When I was researching Finland I came across Heather's Helsinki food tours and I knew I needed to book a tour. The reviews were all amazing, plus, it was a twofer (a walking tour plus food) sign me up!
Heather asked us to meet her "under the clock" at 9am to start our tour. The clock is located under Stockmann's which is a large Finnish shopping center. My travel buddy and I head to Stockmann's in search of the clock. I am imagining the clock to be this large, magnificent, ancient time teller, similar to something you'd see on a clock tower. So, when we arrived at Stockmann's I was stumped as to where this clock could be hiding.
Heather joined us and pointed to a small rotating clock that was at the entrance to the store. This clock is THE meeting place in Helsinki. Throughout the day you will see groups of people meeting up "under the clock".
This small clock is "THE" meeting place in Helsinki.
We made our way through the shopping center and arrived at a grocery store. While wandering through the store we learned about Finnish potatoes, blood sausages, bread, and so much more. Who knew a tour of a grocery store would be so entertaining? Then, we made our way to the fish counter and sampled fish with a smoked mustard sauce. I cannot for the life of me remember the name but it was tasty and not at all fishy.
From Stockmann's we head to Cafe Kuppi & Muffini to warm up with some porridge. I am going to be completely honest, I've never had porridge in my life. After trying porridge, I am sad this was my first time trying it. I know what you are thinking, its porridge – what could be so special? What is special is that you get to load it up with any of the toppings you want. I went with a slab of butter because it's butter. I also added lingonberry jam, a little sugar, and some almonds. HOLY MOLY do I need more porridge in my life!
*Lingonberries are small berries found on the forest floor in the Nordic region. They are very plentiful around the countryside and a staple in many Finnish dishes. I tried some later that evening and what I liked most was that they popped in my mouth similar to eating a Gusher fruit snack.
Following our date with a bowl of porridge we set off to another grocery store, this one much smaller. Here we sample hemp seed snacks, rye pastry, apple cider, and fish pie. I know what you are thinking "fish pie, ew". I too was skeptical at first, then I bit into the flaky crust. Not at all fishy. It was warm and I could have eaten three more. I want all the fish pie. So good.
Did you know gin is up and coming in Finland? In 2015, Kyrö Distillery won best gin at in the world at the International Wine and Spirit Awards. I like any food tour that incorporates booze, after devouring my fish pie we visit an Alko store. Alko's are Finnish liquor stores that offer a wide variety of spirits, beer, and wine.
For lunch we stop at Bryggeri brewery for a flight of beer and an award winning bratwurst. What I love about Finland is that they lover beer, coming from Denver, Colorado where we have a craft brewery on every corner it felt like home.
What's the best way to end lunch? With cheese of course! Market Square is the place to go for fresh food. There are two long hallways filled with stalls selling meats, fish, fresh fruits and veggies, breads and pastries, and my favorite CHEESE! I've never met a cheese I didn't like. One of the samples was traditional "squeaky cheese" topped with a dollop of Cloudberry jam. It's called "Squeaky cheese" because it squeaks in your mouth when chewed.
*Cloudberries are another juicy berry found in the Nordic countries, often used in traditional liquor drinks.
At this point I am full of fish, berries, beer, and cheese. Our last stop is for coffee and traditional Finnish pastries at Karl Fazer café. Karl Fazer is known for its chocolates. If you want chocolate any Finnish person will point you in the direction of Karl Fazer. With our chocolate we had a Karelian pie. They are made with rye flour, rice, and egg butter. I mean come on..egg butter. YASSSS! Warmed up they are a tasty savory treat. I wouldn't recommend eating them cold. We did this the day before and immediately threw them in the trash. However, warmed up with extra egg butter is the way to go!
If you are planning a trip to Helsinki, I highly recommend booking a food tour with Heather's Helsinki. Heather is extremely knowledgeable about the country, it's history and traditions, and of course Finnish cuisine. We did not leave her tour hungry!
Have you been to Finland? What's your favorite Finnish dish? I'd have to say mine was a tie between the fish pies and all the beer.
What a great post. It makes me want to go on this food tour in Helsinki with Heather and follow your steps. Not sure I can eat that much fish but that karelian pie is calling my name! Thanks for sharing.
My favourite thing about our visit to Helsinki a few years ago was definitely the food, great article, brought all the memories back!
What a great mix of dishes! I didn't realize that the Finns at so much fish.
Heather, from the food tour, let us know that Finns eat fish as their main source of protein. I'm land locked in Colorado so fish isn't always the best option, it was a special treat to have so much fresh fish while in Finland. Try saying that three times fast!
I haven't been to Finland but loved the food in pretty much every other Nordic country (I mean, how can you not like fish? Particularly for breakfast, it's genius). My mouth is watering.
Exactly, I never knew I wanted fish for breakfast!
It all looks delicious, especially the one with the smoked mustard.


text:
A Parcel for Mr Smith
Peter Mortimer
Low Lights Tavern, North Shields
Dylan Mortimer as Mr Smith
Mr Smith is ironing a shirt, meticulously. The shirt is for the mannequin (with rather odd face paint) which stands in the corner of the room.
He—Smith—is wearing pyjamas and a dressing gown. His centre-parted hair is plastered flat, he has a thin moustache and he wears glasses. He has the soul of an accountant. Tiny details fascinate him. Logic is his god. Every idea in all its possible permutations must be followed to its logical conclusion.
He is the archetypal—nay, the extreme—geek. He is Duane Dibley without the teeth and with a teapot rather than a thermos. He is the epitome of uncool.
There's a knock on the door and a voice announces, "Parcel for Mr Smith." And so begins his trauma.
Was there ever any real person like him? Possibly, but we're not likely to meet more than one in a lifetime.
Many of Peter Mortimer's short plays have explored various facets of Absurdism, from Ionesco to N F Simpson, creating worlds which are "off the wall," surreal but entirely internally-consistent. This other-worldliness is reflected in the language, which is one or more degrees removed from everyday speech.
Recently, however, with The Young Man, the Old Woman and the Roof and The Sisters, he has gone back to more conventional comedy but with a satiric, even sinister edge.
A Parcel for Mr Smith explores the boundaries between realism (or is it naturalism? No, I'm not going to get into that!) and the world of the Absurd. It's a one-man show, performed by Mortimer's son, Dylan, which is a new departure for them and for regular director Neil Armstrong as none of them has tackled a one-hander before.
There's no interaction with others (except briefly with the disembodied voice of the postman through the door) and this puts quite a burden on the actor (apart from the obvious weight of having to hold the stage alone for 40+ minutes): he has to create this world for us, draw us in and make us accept for the time we are in his company that this is the real world.
And in this, to his credit, Dylan Mortimer succeeds.
If it were not for a few things which happen to Mr Smith—this is not a spoiler: obviously things have to happen or there wouldn't be a play—we would simply be being invited to laugh at a very sad character, which would be, to say the least, rather distasteful.
Mr Smith walks the fine line between the world of the absurd and of the "normal", albeit a rather extreme example of normality. All three—both Mortimers and Armstrong—get the balance right.
The play, which is preceded by 25 minutes of music from local musicians, plays at the Low Lights until Thursday 14 May and then moves to The Yoga Station, Whitley Bay, on Friday 15 and Seaton Delaval Arts Centre on Saturday 16.
Reviewer: Peter Lathan


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This is a website privacy policy for University of Arkansas - Pulaski Technical College (UA-PTC), a publicly-supported comprehensive two-year college created by Act 1244 of the 1991 Arkansas General Assembly. Our website is located at www.uaptc.edu.
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All record keeping is done in strict compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) (20 u.s.c. § 1232g; 34cfr part 99).
UA-PTC is required to comply with the Arkansas Freedom of Information Act (FOI) (Ark. Code Ann. § 25-19-101) and may be required to disclose records maintained in the daily operations of the college unless said records are specifically protected by federal or state regulations. Therefore, electronic communication and information could and would be made available upon being presented with a valid FOI request.
UA-PTC employees, staff and students should consider the use of electronic media as being subject to disclosure.
There is no expectation of privacy in electronic data that is retained by UA-PTC unless said data is specifically protected by federal or state regulations.
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This policy is intended to comply with Act 1713 of 2003 codified in ACA § 25-1-114.


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Publish Date October 4, 2016
Review: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Cassandra Pardini, PharmD
n-3 FA intake produced a reduction in Tg levels
Despite numerous studies, the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) has remained controversial.1 n-3 FA are important for the composition of cell membranes and include alphalinolenic acid (ALA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Although most people obtain n-3 FA from dietary sources, supplements such as "fish oil" and flaxseed oil have become increasingly popular.
In 2004, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) published a review analyzing the effect of n-3 FA on CVD outcomes.1 Since this report, many other studies have also evaluated this subject, however the topic has remained controversial. Recently, the AHRQ was commissioned to provide updates regarding the effects of n-3 FA on CVD. The goal of this review was to address the effect or association of n-3 FA intake on CVD outcomes and risk factors, the n-3 FA variables and modifiers that may affect treatment, and adverse events experienced with n-3 FA intake. Figure 1 details the framework of the study and key questions addressed in this review.
In this analysis, 61 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 37 prospective longitudinal studies met criteria for inclusion.1 The majority of RCTs analyzed compared marine oil (primarily EPA + DHA) to placebo in patients with known CVD or increased risk of CVD. Conversely, most observational studies compared individual n-3 FA and were conducted in the general population. The authors also stated that there were few risk of bias concerns among the RCTs and fairly few risk of bias concerns across the observational studies.
Results obtained in this analysis regarding the effect of n-3 FA intake on CV outcomes generally remained unchanged from previous data.1 The majority of RCTs analyzed found that n-3 FA intake did not have a statistically significant effect on CVD outcomes or there was not sufficient evidence to draw conclusions. These results are summarized in Table 1. This review also found that there were no serious adverse events associated with n-3 FA intake, and that most adverse events reported were mild gastrointestinal effects.
One important observation seen in this analysis was a high level of evidence indicating that marine oil supplementation decreased triglyceride (Tg) levels and the total:HDL-c ratio.1 In addition, supplementation was found to increase HDL-c and LDL-c levels by a small amount (≤2 mg/dL) as well. A low strength of evidence also found that higher dietary intake of marine oil is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke.
The results of this study regarding various patient populations and potential confounders are summarized in Table 2.1 In general, no significant differences in effects between different patient populations were found. However, evidence did indicate strong RCT evidence that n-3 FA had a protective effect for Tg in healthy patients, those with risk factors for CVD, and patients with known CVD. In addition, n-3 FA had a protective effect for HDL-c in patients with known CVD.
Based on evidence obtained in this review, n-3 FA intake does not have a statistically significant effect on CVD.1 However, evidence found n-3 FA intake produced a reduction in Tg levels and the total:HDL-c ratio, and an increase in HDL-c and LDL-c levels. No significant difference in outcomes for various patient populations was seen in this study.
1. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Systematic Review: Executive Summary. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment Number 223. 2016 Aug.
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How does the movie Ghostbusters relate to the Reagan administration's economic policies?
What are the economic reasons for aliens to abduct humans? Are they abducting us efficiently? Our team investigates!!


The blue ikat used in this purse is hand woven and hand dyed by Herlina and this is one of just eleven unique pieces deriving from her ikat.
The motif she has used symbolises prosperity - read more by clicking Additional Info + below.
The artisan, Herlina, is a proud Dayak woman and a member of our partner women's weaving Cooperative, Jasa Menenun Mandiri, in West Borneo. The Dayak people are Indigenous to Borneo and encompass over 200 different ethnicities, all of which have their own customs, dialects and cultures.
Buah Langsat is a type of fruit and its motif depicts the thriving tribal lives of the Dayak people, who have an abundance of herbs and plants which are both eaten and sold in order to finance their daily lives. This motif symbolises prosperity.
Your ikat purse can be hand washed in cold water. Note that colour from the ikat fabric may run and regular washing will cause the ikat to fade.


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– 59. cesarz Japonii, według tradycyjnego porządku dziedziczenia. Panował od 5 grudnia 887 do 4 sierpnia 897.

Przed objęciem tronu nosił imię Sadami (定省). Abdykował na rzecz swojego syna, który przybrał imię Daigo. Cesarz Uda prowadził dziennik w języku chińskim, znany pod tytułami Zapiski świętego władcy z okresu Kanpyou, Szanowne zapiski Uda, Szanowne zapiski cesarza Uda. Dziennik ten przetrwał w postaci około pięćdziesięciu rozproszonych fragmentów z lat 887–897 cytowanych w innych źródłach.

Mauzoleum cesarza Uda znajduje się w Kioto. Nazywa się ono Ōuchiyama no misasagi (大内山陵).

Przypisy

Bibliografia
 Alexandrowicz, Jerzy and Jan Banzemer. (1902). Wielka encyklopedya powszechna ilustrowana, Vols. 31-32. 	Warszawa: Druk. Jezierski. OCLC 255159704
 Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691

Cesarze Japonii
Urodzeni w 867
Zmarli w 931


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Protecting the Coral Triangle with Mission Blue
PADI is encouraging all divers to actively participate in the protection of the Coral Triangle Hope Spot- a prime global center for marine biological diversity.
By: Emily Bates, PADI
For divers, the fact that the Coral Triangle holds 75% of the world's coral species should be enough to fall absolutely in love with this 'Amazon of the Seas'. And when we say that nearly 90% of those reefs are threatened, we should have your full attention.
Mission Blue is calling for all hands on deck with conservation efforts towards the Coral Triangle, a region consisting of the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, Timor-Leste, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. This precious region faces warming seas, coral bleaching, destructive fishing, pollution, and coastal development that have caused 90% of the reefs to be considered 'threatened'.
Photo: Henley Spiers
They've exalted this 5.7 million square kilometers of ocean as one of their Hope Spots – a network of special places that are vital to the health of the ocean.
"Hope Spots are about recognizing, empowering, and supporting individuals and communities around the world in their efforts to protect the ocean." –MissionBlue.com
PADI® is working alongside the dedicated team at Mission Blue, led by Dr. Sylvia Earle, to bring awareness and make an impact on their urgent, yet ongoing mission of protecting Hope Spots globally. The health of the oceans is dependent on our actions, and it plays a vital role in the wellbeing of communities across the globe.
PADI is committed to being a catalyst for change and aims to mobilize divers to be a force for good through our Four Pillars of Change. Ocean Health is one of these vital pillars, and that is why becoming a voice for hope spots like the Coral Triangle alongside Mission Blue is one of our top priorities.
"If we all don't pay closer attention and collectively take action, the situation will only worsen, effecting our way of life NOW, not 50 years from now," says Katie Thompson, PADI Director, Global Brand Development and Marketing.
The Coral Triangle is home to 37% of the world's coral reef fish species and sustains 120 million humans. As ambassadors of the oceans, we encourage all divers to actively participate in the protection of this prime global center for marine biological diversity through sustainable nature-based tourism and participating in conservation efforts like those of Mission Blue.
Ways you can get involved:
Learn more about Hope Spots and share your knowledge with others to help spread the message.
Donate to organizations like Mission Blue who are actively making an impact to fight for the health of our oceans.
Make small lifestyle changes to create less trash, use less single-use plastics, and set an example for others in your life.
Keep diving! The more you experience the incredible underwater world and encourage others to do the same, the more you will see firsthand the need for active protection for marine life and coral reefs.
Photo: Jones/Shimlock at Bird's Head Seascape
Is there a specific location near you that needs protection? Mission Blue gives all ocean advocates the power to nominate Hope Spots that are special to them via their website.
Join the conversation! #hopespots #padi4change


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FREDERICK BARBAROSSA
EMPEROR FROM 1152-1190
Frederick I was one of the most famous of German emperors. He was a tall, stalwart man of majestic appearance. He had a long red beard and so the people called him Barbarossa, or Red-Beard. He came to the throne in 1152.
At that time the province of Lombardy in northern Italy was a part of the German empire.
In 1158 Milan (mï-lan'), the chief city of Lombardy, revolted. Then over the Alps came an army of a hundred thousand German soldiers, with Frederick at their head. After a long siege the city surrendered.
But soon it revolted again. The emperor besieged it once more and once more it surrendered. Its fortifications were destroyed and many of its buildings ruined.
But even then the spirit of the Lombards was not broken. Milan and the other cities of Lombardy united in a league and defied the emperor. He called upon the German dukes to bring their men to his aid. All responded except Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony, Frederick's cousin, whom he had made duke of Bavaria also. Frederick is said to have knelt and implored Henry to do his duty, but in vain.
FREDERICK AT THE FEET OF HENRY THE LION
In his campaign against the Lombards Frederick was unsuccessful. His army was completely defeated and he was compelled to grant freedom to the cities of Lombardy. Everybody blamed Henry the Lion. The other dukes charged him with treason and he was summoned to appear before a meeting of the nobles. He failed to come and the nobles thereupon declared him guilty and took from him everything that he had, except the lands he had inherited from his father.
Frederick now devoted himself to making Germany a united nation. Two of his nobles had been quarreling for a long time and as a punishment for their conduct each was condemned, with ten of his counts and barons, to carry dogs on his shoulders from one country to another.
Frederick finally succeeded in keeping the nobles in the different provinces of Germany at peace with one another, and persuaded them to work together for the good of the whole empire. He had no more trouble with them and for many years his reign was peaceful and prosperous.
After the Christians had held Jerusalem for eighty-eight years, it was recaptured by the Moslems under the lead of the famous Sal'a-din, in the year 1187. There was much excitement in Christendom, and the Pope proclaimed another Crusade.
Frederick immediately raised an army of Crusaders in the German Empire and with one hundred and fifty thousand men started for Palestine.
He marched into Asia Minor, attacked the Moslem forces, and defeated them in two great battles.
But before the brave old warrior reached the Holy Land his career was suddenly brought to an end. One day his army was crossing a small bridge over a river in Asia Minor. At a moment when the bridge was crowded with troops Frederick rode up rapidly.
NOBLES CARRYING DOGS
He was impatient to join his son, who was leading the advance guard; and when he found that he could not cross immediately by the bridge, he plunged into the river to swim his horse across. Both horse and rider were swept away by the current. Barbarossa's heavy armor made him helpless and he was drowned. His body was recovered and buried at Antioch.
Barbarossa was so much loved by his people that it was said, "Germany and Frederick Barbarossa are one in the hearts of the Germans." His death caused the greatest grief among the German Crusaders. They had now little heart to fight the infidels and most of them at once returned to Germany.
In the Empire the dead hero was long mourned and for many years the peasants believed that Frederick was not really dead, but was asleep in a cave in the mountains of Germany, with his gallant knights around him. He was supposed to be sitting in his chair of state, with the crown upon his head, his eyes half-closed in slumber, his beard as white as snow and so long that it reached the ground.
"When the ravens cease to fly round the mountain," said the legend, "Barbarossa shall awake and restore Germany to its ancient greatness."


Papa's Pumpkin Pie – Thanksgiving just around the corner? Here's how to do it expat-style!
Mom's Jewish Apple Cake – Dense, moist and full of apple and cinnamon flavor!
Snickerdoodles – Easy enough for kids and you have to love the name! Cookies are crisp, but chewy inside, rolled in cinnamon and sugar. Contains conversion calculators for measuring ingredients.
Easy Moist & Chewy Macaroons – Coconut cookies for the holidays and easy enough for children!
Koray's Quick Cocoa Brownies – Fast and easy ingredients!
Danny's Deep, Dark & Rich Chocolate Lovers' Cake – You can't go wrong with this velvety recipe!
Shae's Lemon Meringue Tart – because no one loves lemon more than Shae!!
Annie's Apple Pancake Fritters – Delicious apple pancake fritters for breakfast or dessert!
More Photos – Click this link for photos of other baked goods from 2014. (Cheesecake, pumpkin pie, cupcakes, and more.) Sorry, the recipes are not yet added.
Aşure or Noahs Pudding – A sweet and savory dessert made in honor of Noah's landing at Mount Ararat.
Anna's Orange-Flavored Chocolate – This is actually a favorite of my Austrian friend, but close enough! It's more of a truffle, you can add a variety of ingredients, and is easy to make with kids! This was posted twice, the second link is Orange Chocolate's Lovers Truffles!


The concept Texas represents the subject, aboutness, idea or notion of resources found in Heyworth CUSD #4 - Elementary School.
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English for Professional Nursing Communication.
WHAT IS ECONOMICS? Is the social science that is concerned with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.
Deals primarily with the allocation of scarce resources to alternative uses. This may refer to the behavior of an individual. recreation) . the distribution of limited resources ( his income) over expenditures that satisfy different needs( foods. clothing.
administration" from oikos. hence "rules of the household. . "house" + nomos.ECONOMICS • The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek oikonomia. "custom" or "law". "management of a household.
CHOICE.Basic terms of Economics SCARCITY-occurs when society's wants exceed the ability of the economy to meet these wants. or course of action in preference to . person.act of choosing something or somebody: a decision to choose one thing.
Without exchange.complements specialization. businesses. EXCHANGE.SPECIALIZATION-Economics studies show the participants in the economy (people. specialization would be of no benefit because individual could not trade the goods in which they specialize for those that other individuals produce. . countries) specialize in the task to which they are particularly suited.
. involving the comparison of two alternatives in achieving a specific objectives under the given assumption and constraints.WHAT IS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS? A systematic approach to determining the optimum use of scare resources.
choices are made within the economy to ensure that projects selected for investment meet a minimum standard for resource generation and to weed out those projects that do not. For directly productive project.Scope of Economic Analysis The purpose of the economic analysis of a project is to bring about a better allocation of resources leading to enhanced incomes for investment or consumption. . where output is sold directly to relatively competitive environment.
compared to the opportunity cost of money. Traditionally in project planning.Objectives of the Economic Analysis • The ultimate objective of the economic analysis is to provide s decision-making tool which can be used not only for the pilot project but also for demonstration purpose. . decisions on which projects to fund and implement relied on a combination of political decisions and calculation of rates of economic return from alternative projects.
Procedures for Economic Analysis Defining a project objectives and economic rationale Forecasting effective demand for project outputs. . Choosing the least cost design for meeting demand or the most cost effective way of attaining the project objectives. Determining whether economic benefits exceed economic cost.
Testing the risk associated with the project.Assessing whether the projects net benefits will be sustainable throughout the life of the project. Identifying the distribution effects of the project. . particularly on the poor one.
2. . COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS  A comparison of cost in monetary units with outcomes in quantitative non-monetary units. COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS  A determination of the least costly among alternative interventions that are assumed to produced equivalent outcomes.Four common types of Economic Analysis 1.
measured. usually to patient. .3. COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS A form of cost effectiveness analysis that compare cost in monetary units outcomes in terms of their utility. COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS Compare costs and benefits both of which are quantified in common monetary units. 4.
The Three Types of Economic System 1. national and state governments play a minor role. Instead. Market Economy  In a market economy. consumers and their buying decisions drive the economy. .  Market decisions are mainly dominated by supply and demand.
. the predetermination of prices for different commodities.Market economies aim to reduce or eliminate entirely subsidies for a particular industry. and the amount of regulation controlling different industrial sectors. and market forces have very little say in such an economy.Planned Economy  Also called a command economy  The planned economy is government directed. 2.
Mixed Economy In a mixed economy there is flexibility in some areas and government control in others. distribution. 3. . are all made by the government.The most important aspect of this type of economy is that all major decisions related to the production. commodity and service prices.
This system prevails in many countries where neither the government nor the business entities control the economic activities of that country-both sectors play an important role in the economic decision-making of the country. This means that certain features from both market and planned economic systems are taken to form this type of economy.A mixed economy combines elements of both the planned and the market economies in one cohesive system. .
Backbone of market economy. supply and prices. .LAW OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND Defines the generally observed relationship between demand.
The Law of Demand Law of demand is an economic law that states consumers buy more of a good when its price decreases and less when its price increases. (ceteris paribus) If the price of the good increases.1. the quantity demanded decreases. while if price of the good decreases. . its quantity demanded increases.
The Law of Supply  The tendency of suppliers to offer more of a good at a higher price.2.  The relationship between price and quantity supplied is usually a positive relationship. .
. the allocation of goods is at its most efficient because the amount of goods being supplied is exactly the same as the amount of goods being demanded. when the supply function and demand function intersect) the economy is said to be at equilibrium.3. Equilibrium When supply and demand are equal ( i.e. At this point.
excess supply will be created within the economy and there will be allocative inefficiency.4. 1. Excess Supply o If the price is set too high.Disequilibrium o Occurs whenever the price or quantity is not equal to P* or Q*. .
Because the price is so low. Excess Demand • Excess demand is created when price is set below the equilibrium price. too many consumers want the good while producers are not making enough of it.2. .
Bernardino Maed-EM Discussant .THANK YOU FOR LISTENING !!!! Ms. Vanessa R.