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29 Nov Two federal grants support Quintessence Biosciences
Posted at 00:00h in Biotech, Entrepreneurs, Health Technology	by	WTN News 0 Comments
Madison, Wis. – Quintessence Biosciences has announced the receipt of two federal grants from the National Cancer Institute to advance its EVade cancer-fighting technology products into in-vivo testing.
The two Phase I small business innovation research grants total more than $280,000.
The first NCI grant of $125,607 will allow Quintessence to pursue second-generation products that have a different pharmacokinetic profile than QBI-139, its current lead cancer drug candidate. The pharmacokinetics of a drug refers to the fate of a drug once the drug enters the body, including how a drug is absorbed and metabolized.
In addition, the company received $157,739 to pursue antibody conjugates to enhance the efficacy of EVade.
Ralph Kauten, CEO of Quintessence, said the awards are significant because they help strengthen its pipeline of products and because they further validate the EVade approach to cancer therapy.
The company is currently preparing for the Phase I human clinical trial of QBI-139, and hopes to begin the trials in late March of 2008. By the time it completes the QBI-139 Phase I testing, Quintessence could have two additional EVade therapies ready for testing in humans.
Quintessence Biosciences recently was honored by the Wisconsin Biotechnology and Medical Device Association as one of its five Rising Stars.
• Quintessence Biosciences projects 2008 clinical trials for lead cancer drug
• Quintessence Biosciences advances cancer drug
• John M. Simpson: Patent ruling doesn't tarnish Wisconsin's stem cell leadership
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About FES
FES Digital Library
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Friedrich-Ebert-StiftungMap
FES in Namibia
Programmes of FES Namibia
Youth Leadership Development Programme (YLDP)
Just Citiy
Forum for Experts on Social Protection
Survivors Speak Up
The Forum for Experts on Social Protection was launched in Windhoek. It is an initiative of the German Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES) in collaboration with the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Namibia. The Social Security Commission (SSC) is coordinating the partnership between the two institutions.
The Forum aims to bring together Namibian and regional experts to pool and share ideas on the expansion and improvement of social protection in Namibia. It will promote national dialogue and debate on social protection matters. The long-term goal is to enhance the lives of Namibian citizens by guiding government toward the establishment of a comprehensive social safety net which guarantees universal income and social services whenever there is need caused by ill-health, long-term unemployment, loss of employment and collapse of earnings.
Professor Michael Cichon, professor in Social Protection at the United Nations University, who was the keynote guest speaker at the launch argued that, "even the poorest countries can put in place comprehensive social protection programmes, Namibia being no exception". He asserts that the UNDP Sustainable Development Goals must be linked to such programme's fulfilment. Professor Jairos Kangira, Dean of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences said,
"while Namibia currently has various welfare programmes that can be termed 'social protection', they do not reach the majority of Namibians". He added that, "substantial structural unemployment is persistent, undermining ability to generate income for basic needs, representing a case in point for social protection. The social protection stems from the 'Global Partnership for Universal Social Protection' launched by the United Nations, the World Bank and the International Labour Organisation in September 2016.
The Forum for Experts on Social Protection is now well-established with more public lectures and meetings of experts planned. The Forum is here to stay and represents a valuable think-tank dedicated to fundamental welfare improvement in the Namibian society.
Namibia Office
95 John Meinert Street
Windhoek-West
Windhoek / Namibia
office(at)fesnam.org.na
The Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) is a non-profit German foundation funded by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, and headquartered in Bonn and Berlin. It was founded in 1925 and is named after Germany's first democratically elected President, Friedrich Ebert. FES is committed to the advancement of both socio-political and economic development in the spirit of social democracy, through civic education, research, and international cooperation. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung is the oldest political foundation in Germany.
www.fes.de
© Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung


The Fifth International Conference on Nanotechnology Nano Boston Conference is scheduled on April 22-24, 2019 in Boston, MA, USA (NWC Boston), organized by United Scientific Group (Non-Profit Organization).
The primary goal of NWC Boston is to present state-of-the-art research, recent achievements and global trends in nanoscience and nanotechnology, also to promote cross-disciplinary interactions that can spur the development of this exciting research field. Special emphasis will be placed on energy materials and applications, nano-biotechnology, health and environmental safety of nanomaterials and specific techniques to develop nano-devices. The topics include nanomaterials-based drug delivery systems, sensors and nanomedicine.
Prof. John C. Polanyi (The Nobel Prize Winner in Chemistry, 1986) and Prof. Shaker A. Mousa (Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences , NY, USA) have confirmed to join at NWC Boston as plenary speakers.
For the tentative program and keynote and invited speakers see the webpage.


AB Dynamics is delighted to announce that they have appointed Klaus Weimert as Commercial Director to join the Senior Management Team in October 2016.
Klaus has over 25 years' experience within the Automotive Test Industry having been employed at CORRSYS-DATRON Gmbh, a Kistler Company, where he was Managing Director of International Operations and Vice-President of North America operations. He also served as CEO and President of their China office and managed sales and technical support to the company's interest in Asia and India.
As part of AB Dynamics continued global expansion, Klaus will be based in Germany which will strengthen the Company's presence and connections within the German automotive industry. With his expertise and knowledge within the Asian sector he will also be responsible for further development of AB Dynamics operations in that region.


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Sven Söderberg kan avse:

Sven Söderberg (filolog) (1849-1901), professor i nordiska språk vid Lunds universitet.
Sven Söderberg (direktör) (1928-2004), civilekonom, verkställande direktör och ordförande i Ratos och Söderberg & Haak.
Sven Söderberg (ingenjör), född 1883 i Sundborn, död 1920 i Stockholm, Klara. Ingenjör och barndomsvän till den andre grundaren av Svenska Fläktfabriken, Robert Sundström.

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Us vs. Them: Ideology and Discourse
23/05/2019 Conference proceedingsBiopolitics, Emigration, Immigration Commission, Migration, assimilation, crime, racism, toleranceMirella Pasini
No one said the "East" or the "Reds" or the "Soviets" or the "Russians" any more. That would have been too confusing, since some of Them weren't of the East, weren't Reds, Soviets and especially not Russians. It was much simpler to say We and They, and much more precise. Travelers had frequently reported that They did the same in reverse. Over there They were "We" (in the appropriate language) and We were "They"
(I. Asimov, Let's get together, «Infinity Science Fiction», 2, 1957: 66-7).
The question I ask myself about the Us vs. Them polarisation is apparently simple. The phrase is certainly a divisive and adversial but: can it only mean a desire to overcome and subjugate, or is it possible to remark on differences between groups of people without necessarily assume conflict and abuse? In the quoted short story, Asimov wrote:
At the beginning, it had been called a Cold War. Now it was only a game, almost a good-natured game, with unspoken rules and a kind of decency about it (Ibidem: 67).
In sports and in playgrounds, the meaning of "Us vs. Them" is straightforward: teams competing to win a game. Sometimes the competition is fierce, but it is always regulated by precise rules, and characterized by mutual respect. Teams can be assembled, disassembled, and reassembled without any negative consequences on the single members of either team: it is matter of agonism, not antagonism. Except for The Paul Street boys – but that was a war game. And in wars competition is violent and the opponent is an enemy to be killed, as well as defeated.
We do not need to quote Machiavelli or Lionardo in the Libri della famiglia (The Family in Renaissance Florence) by Leon Battista Alberti, to note that some traditional games for boys have been interpreted as a preliminary exercise to prepare for war.
My question is, therefore: can a group of people feel different from another group of people without necessarily feel superior? Or is any difference implicitly – if not openly – discriminatory? When does equality in difference become inequality, and how? Is this inevitable?
Social psychology studies about diversity and prejudice offer no univocal answer. Many theories analyse stereotyping processes according to the cognitive-motivational approach. Some focus on the contrast between a deeper prejudice (someone could describe it as innate, but I prefer implicit) and controlled beliefs. Patricia Devine pointed out the phenomenon of ambivalence (see Devine 2012). Acknowledging the existence of implicit prejudice even in those individuals who deliberately refuse prejudice – be it racial, sexist or homophobic – is a necessary step to develop containment and control strategies. Devine and Cox, who prefer to define the implicit bias as unintentional bias, try to demonstrate «that unintentional bias is like a habit that can be broken with sufficient motivation, awareness, and effort». Moreover «the habit-breaking intervention produces enduring changes in peoples' knowledge of and beliefs about race-related issues». And about bias reduction strategies they write: «We believe … that the prejudice habit-breaking intervention causes its recipients to recognize bias and its consequences for minorities, then address it in the world around them» (Forscher, Mitamura, Dix, Cox, Devine 2017). If biases are as manageable as habits, they can be overcome just like bad habits.
Social Dominance Orientation theorists seem less optimistic: according to them, in hierarchical societies, such as modern industrial and post-industrial societies, individual minds are permeated with prejudice (Sidanius-Pratto 1999). The Social Dominance Theory, developed in the '90s, recently experienced a revival in relation to the migration phenomenon. The SD theory maintains that in groups – and between groups – there is a kind of predisposition to inequality, confirmed by the wish to maintain hegemony by those higher up in the hierarchy. The SDO seems to be pervasive in contemporary society, albeit in different degrees depending on gender and personality. It is strictly connected with conservative policies and social attitudes, with racism and sexism – «ideologies that promote or maintain group inequality are the tools that legitimize discrimination» (Pratto-Sidanius 1994: 741).
Susan Fiske states that cultural biases and sterotypes are the base for the Us vs. Them polarization and the resulting discrimination, where the other group – "Them" – is dehumanized. Fiske hopes for the scholars' focus to move from discrimination to a search for balance in diversity (Fiske 2000). This is what she said in a public debate:
It's only human to be comfortable with people who you think are like you; there's nothing wrong with that. In fact, it gets us through a lot of stress – to be attached to our in-groups is our backup system. But the downside is that you're then excluding people who are not in the in-group (Smith 2013).
The trouble is: if in feeling part of the "US" we find warmth, trustworthiness, and friendliness, what happens when we feel "THEM"? What are the individual and social consequences of these processes?
It seems useful to approach the problem from another point of view: e.g. from a sociolinguistic perspective. The purpose is to find a method to analyse interpersonal and public communication in order to identify the traps of essentialist differentialism – gender, culture, people, nation – and its heavy social repercussions.
The research carried out by Teun van Dijk about ideological discourse structures could prove particularly useful at this time in the history of European societies – our history – when national revanchism seems dominant.
The topic is complex. It refers to the long history and different meanings of the concept of ideology, starting from the lucky lexical invention by Destutt de Tracy in Élémens d'Ideologie (1825-27). We have been experiencing a "crisis of ideologies", involving views of the world on which political establishments are founded. However, this does not imply the end of ideology as a system of thought and behaviour.
Ideologies can be expressed through all forms of communication – verbal, gestural, visual. We shall focus on verbal communication, limiting our field of research to discourse, both as written text and oral expression.
Van Dijk started studying verbal communication of racist ideology in the '80s, identifying in the opposition us/them one of its typical discursive structures. It must be noted that Van Dijk describes ideology as a cognitive and social structure. Thanks to this definition of ideology, Van Dijk can carry out his investigation at a macro level – groups and societies – as well as at a micro level – individual interactions (Van Dijk 1998).
«Ideologies, then, are the overall, abstract mental systems that organize such socially shared attitudes», he wrote in his Discourse Analysis as ideology analysis (Van Dijk 1995: 18). In other words, ideologies are a group's defining characteristics. Ideologies affect the cognitive construction of mental models organizing experiences and actions of both individuals and groups.
For those who wish to study the matter more in depth, Van Dijk developed a complex multilevel system for the analysis of the relationship between ideology and discourse – social, cognitive, and communicative. His intuition is apparently elementary: ideologies control social interactions, text and talk. The opposite is also true, however: social interactions convey social notions – i. e. ideologies.
Discourse Analysis can thus be described as ideology analysis, with well known applicative results in the social and ethic fields (see also Van Dijk 1985). This is nothing new, if we think about the way news are offered in newspaper headlines.
Scientific Ideology
Considering Discourse Analysis as a tool for ideology analysis – actually the tool for those who deal with communication – I think that to analyse at a macro level the way the US/THEM, inclusion/exclusion issues are expressed, the premises to the work by epistemologist Georges Canguilhem on the definition of scientific ideology could still prove very useful.
The ideological use of science – or, rather, the supposed scientificity of ideology – plays an important role. Canguilhem wrote:
Is the notion of scientific ideology relevant? Is the term a suitable one to designate and properly delimit the whole range of discursive structures claiming to be theories, the whole variety of more or less consistent representations of interphenomenal relations, and the whole spectrum of more or less permanent structures in terms of which men have interpreted their everyday experience? In short, is it a useful way of denoting those pseudosciences whose falsity is revealed solely by the fact that a genuine science has been established to refuse their claims (Canguilhem 1977: 35)?
Discursive structures claiming to be theories: what closer connection between ideology and discourse?
As far as discrimination is concerned – in particular, racial or ethnic discrimination (see Amselle-Bokolo 1985) – we can say that science no longer supports discriminatory ideology. But it remain in public opinion.
To better explain the above considerations on methodology, I would like to illustrate a case study about the US/THEM issue – and, ultimately, racism – in the past and nowadays, from scientific discourse to media debate.
Recently Italian media and social networks have been arguing about "Italians were migrants, too!". From L'Orda. Quando gli Albanesi eravamo noi, by journalist Gian Antonio Stella (2002) to anthropologist Marco Aime's lectures, the "We were migrants, too. We were illegal, too" argument has proved rather controversial (for the debate in USA see Stapinski 2017). In 2018 migration stopped being a crucial issue for both media and politicians, but racial ideology, attitudes, and expressions, as van Dijk would say, remain widespread.
The following passage was broadcast by Italian Rai News24 between 2009 and 2011, and circulates on the Web, widely commented by fact-checking professionals and amateurs:
They are usually short and dark-skinned. They don't like water. Many of them smell because they keep the same clothes for weeks. They build huts for themselves out of wood and aluminium in the outskirts of cities and towns, very close to each other. Whenever they move towards the city centre, they rent out dilapidated flats at high prices. They come in pairs, usually, and look for a room and a kitchen. After a few days, there are four of them, six, ten.
They speak unintelligible languages, probably ancient dialects.
Many children are sent out begging, while in front of the churches women in dark clothes and old men ask for pity in whimpering and irritating tones.
They have many children, whom they struggle to support, and are very close-knit. They are said to be prone to thieving and, if confronted, violent. Our women ignore them not only because they are wild and unattractive, but also because they are said to attack women who walk home from work along empty streets and rape them.
Our authorities have opened the borders to too many people, without checking whether they were coming to our country to work or to live by expedients or even illegally.
I suggest preference is given to those who come from Veneto and Lombardy, as they are more willing to work, although slow of understanding and uneducated. As long as their families can be together, they are willing to live in houses where Americans would refuse to stay, and do not negotiate for higher salaries. The rest of them – on whom this first report largely focus, come from the South of Italy.
You are requested to check where they come from and to send back as many of them as you can. Our security must be our first concern.
This is proposed as a passage from a Report by the US Congress Inspectorate for Immigration into the United States dated October 1912. Actually, it is a popularisation of some pages of the Reports of Immigration Commission – the famous Dillingham Commission, named after its chairman, Republican Senator William P. Dillingham – which from 1907 to 1910 studied immigration to the United States, collecting data and developing recommendations.
The Reports consist of 41 volumes, now available on-line: the summary on Italian immigrants quoted above is quite reductive. Reading the original documents is very interesting for those who study migrations, but also for statisticians and sociologists. The Reports are indeed a thought-provoking example of scientific ideology and political discourse, with more or less obvious social repercussions. We cannot analyse the issue in depth, here, but I would like to point out a few points in the Reports which show the ambiguity in passing from scientific ideology to public discourse and, therefore, to social bias.
I recommend reading a few pages of Volume 5, Dictionary of races or peoples, Volume 36, Immigration and crime, and Volume 38, Changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants, published by the Government Printing Office, Washington, in 1911. The Abstracts of Reports and Recommendations in Volume 1 and 2 will help us draw a few general conclusions.
Dictionary of races or peoples
This Dictionary of races or peoples (by anthropologist Daniel Folkmar, "assisted" by Elnora Cuddeback Folkmar) originated from a need for study and classification explained in the Introductory. Following the new ethnical factors resulting from immigration to the US from Eastern Europe, it was felt that the true racial status of most immigrants was unknown. It was not clear what race those new aliens were. Before 1899, immigrants were recorded only according to their countries of birth, with no indication of race or people. Under the Bureau of Immigration, there were 45 races or peoples, 36 of which were European. Under the Dictionary, there are more than 600 subjects!
The Commission's survey was not for ethnologists, but rather for those who studied migrations, and its purpose was to collect sources and data and to promote «a better understanding of the many different racial elements that are being added to the population of the US through immigration» (Dictionary: 2).
Given the «present imperfect state of science» and having decided to classify by race – there being 3 races according to some scholars, 15, 29 or even 63 races according to others – the authors adopted Johann Friedrich Blumenbach's classification of human races. The father of physical anthropology had identified 5 groups: "Caucasian, Ethiopian, Mongolian, Malay and American, or, AS FAMILIARLY CALLED [my capitals] white, black, yellow, brown an red races".
The Report compilers were clearly aware that the various possible classifications were not objective, and chose the one that was best known in the US. It was a communication decision, a political, rather than scientific effort. The fact that the new "races" introduced in addition to the original five were based on linguistic differences – cultural parameters – further proves the scientific inadequacy of these divisions claimed by physical anthropology.
Let's stop here. However, one cannot help but wonder: what was the ratio behind this racial (racist?) classification of immigrants, if the authors themselves specified that it had little practical use, since inspectors in the Immigration Office had no time to classify each new entry as dolichocephalic o brachycephalic (Dictionary: 4)? As we'll see later, an answer can be found in the recommendations on "ethnically" restricted migration policies – dangerously close to eugenics and "biopolitics".
As far as it concerns US closely, wrote the author. Well, as far as it concerns us, here, we'll deal with the Italians (Dictionary: 82 ff.). The Bureau of Immigration divided them into two main groups: Northern Italians and Southern Italians, different in looks, language, temperament and geographical distribution. The former lived in the river Po basin, the latter in the rest of the peninsula and the islands. Even the Genoese were considered Southern Italians.
It is the same distinction drawn by the famous Italian anthropologist Giuseppe Sergi, who "invented" the Mediterranean race. According to Sergi, the Mediterranean race originated from the Kamits who lived in the highlands of Ethiopia, who were not «true Africans», notwithstanding «some traces of infusion of African blood in certain communities of Sicily and Sardinia» (Dictionary: 82). While according to Sergi the Mediterranean race was mainly an alternative to the Arian explanation of the origins of European peoples, in a crudely simplified version it could be used to confirm that Northern Italians were not only different from, but also superior to, Southern Italians.
If complemented by the results of another Italian anthropologist, Alfredo Niceforo, such physical and psychic distinction between the two ethnic groups would show the "decay" and "degeneration" of Latin peoples, especially from the South of Italy. Finally, statistical data indicated that Italy had the highest crime rate as regards offences against the person, in the South more than in the North (Bosco 1891). In the Report, Italy was described as «one the most illiterate countries in Europe», with 48.5 % of its population who could not read or write – 78.7 % in Calabria, as we can read.
For the compilers of the Dictionary, the number of Italian immigrants in itself showed that Italians, especially from the South, were a problem – 2,284,601 from 1899 to 1910, 1,911,933 of whom from Southern Italy. Just in 1907, out of 297,000 immigrants to the US, 240,000 were from Southern Italy – definitely the most numerous race. It was a significant data, compared to the overall number of Italians who emigrated that year: 415,000. Most of them were from Sicily and Calabria, the least productive and most poorly developed regions. The quoted number of immigrants from Liguria, South Italian in race, is higher than the number of immigrants from the whole North of Italy – it is a figure we find difficult to believe.
Italian immigration was a problem as it continued, because of its high birth rate, even when people from other countries stopped emigrating to the US (Dictionary: 84). Southern Italians were the most numerous race in absolute terms, followed by Jews, Polish, German and Scandinavian people. The problem, therefore, was their demographic weight in the whole immigrant population.
Immigration and crime
Notwithstanding the migratory waves from Southern and Eastern Europe (the language is not that different from that used today) the author of the Report on Immigration and crime is determined to disprove the preconceived notion that there is a causal link between immigration and crime. In the Introduction, Leslie Hayford maintains there is no evidence of the fact «that immigration has resulted in an increase in crime disproportionate to the increase in adult population. Such comparable statistics of crime and population… indicate that immigrants are less prone to commit crime than are native Americans» (Immigration and crime: 1).
The uneven distribution of immigrants, however, who lived mainly in cities and towns in the North-East, caused the author to wonder: «is the volume of crime in the United States augmented by the presence among us of the immigrant and his offsprings?» And «If immigration increases crime, what races are responsible for such increase» (ibidem)? These questions assume there is a link between immigration and crime, even though no evidence is provided to support it. It is obvious that immigration affected crime, increasing the number of offences against the person, public policy and chastity, even though more crimes were committed by Americans than by immigrants.
It is clear that the purpose of the survey, albeit patchy and incomplete was to emphasize «the change of character of crime in US which had resulted from immigration and the crimes peculiar to various races and nationalities» (Immigration and crime: 9). Italians ranked high in in blackmail, extortion, kidnapping, kidnapping of minors, homicide and offences against public policy, at least in the 5 districts of New York (Immigration and crime: 17-18).
The only data from the Bureau of Census that could be used to draw such conclusions refer to alien prisoners and juvenile criminals. Two graphs show that in 1904 the largest percentage of aliens under sentence for murder and attempted murder were Italian (Immigration and crime: 26), while in 1908 Southern Italians were at the top of the list (over 2000), followed by the Irish, Polish, German, and Northern Italians (less than 500, see Immigration and crime: 180).
Notwithstanding Hayford's determination, the above connections between specific crimes and races could not but have a political and social impact.
The first repercussions concern the Recommendations set forth by the Commission. Immigration laws in force and recommendations resulting from the research concerned mainly the physically and morally unfit, but it is stated that future laws would have to be based primarily on economic or business considerations touching the prosperity and economic wellbeing of «our people» (Abstracts: 45). A slower industrialization would have been preferable to the rapid process implemented through high numbers of workers imported from abroad, who lowered the American standard of wages and conditions of employment (ibidem).
American society should first of all be protected against unfits: any immigrants convicted of serious crimes within five years after they arrived just like those who became a public charge within three years should be deported. Aliens trying to persuade immigrants not to become American citizens were also subject to deportation. Aliens having no intention to become American citizens and unskilled single labourers should be excluded, as well those who were considered undesirable because of their personal qualities and habits (Abstracts: 47). Exclusion could also depend on race: the authors suggested that the Chinese continue to be barred, as they had been since 1882.
Considering that the recent massive immigration, mainly from Southern Europe, had caused worse working conditions for natives and older immigrants (Abstracts: 500ff), decreasing the number of aliens in those areas would be beneficial. Some aliens used forms of economic and social control often leading to exploitation and abuse: the "padrone system" was widespread among Italians and Greeks (Abstracts: 29).
The best – and most feasible – way to reduce undesirable immigration, according to the majority of the members of the Commission, was to introduce of a reading and writing test (Abstracts: 48). As many Southern Italians were illiterate, such test was deemed a good method to reduce their number.
The stated purpose of the Dillingham Commission was to promote the assimilation and naturalization of immigrants, and their possible settlement in farming states.
In a context where physical anthropology was so important, assimilation implied physical changes in immigrants' offspring: «even the racial physical characteristics do not survive under the new social and climatic environment of America». Changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants by Franz Boas, an anthropologist whose theories were never based on the concept of race, contains a number of tables illustrating the changes occurring in American born descendants of Bohemian, Jew, Sicilian and Neapolitan immigrants – weight, stature, but also headforms (Changes: 500-509). The American environment apparently made some a little less brachycephalic and others a little less dolichocephalic. Such observations, adequately documented, would undermine racial fixity.
Assimilation, however, could be achieved only in certain conditions: immigrants must be healthy, literate, skilled labourers, with a family and a spotless record. Those who did not fit these criteria should be sent back. In particular, surveys and data collected showed the rather problematic situation of immigration from Southern Italy (and from Liguria).
Migration policy, scientific ideology and prejudice
What were the consequences of such a description of hundreds of thousands of Southern Italian on migration policies? What was the impact on the public opinion of "natives" (that is American-borns) and "older" immigrants?
The Emergency Immigration Act of 1921 and the Immigration Act of 1924 introduced quotas in a free immigration system – a restriction policy.
However, our concern here is: to what extent did this «statistically obtained situation» contribute to the "Us vs. Them" polarization, to racial stereotyping and prejudice? Could the ambiguous absence of judgement in a survey whose scientific grounds were doubted by the same authors, the scientific ideology of racial classification, have turned into social ideology?
Those who collected data and wrote the Reports were not a homogeneous group. A cultural anthropologist like Boas must have introduced elements of historical and environmental analysis into the general race perspective: significantly, Boas specified in his Report he had chosen the word type but the Commission changed it into race. This, however, does not alter the perspective. If the new immigrants from Eastern Europe (Hebrews were the "problem") e from Southern Europe (here the "problem" were Southern Italians) were incapable of proper assimilation and could not become US (American and "us") they had to be barred. If not, they would continue to be "them", a threat to the living conditions of the "natives" (i.e. the descendants of 17th – 18th century settlers, not "native Americans"). The only alternative was to adopt inclusive and support policies as suggested by Leslie Hayford, the author of the Report on Immigration and crime, who, as secretary of the North American League for Immigrants in Boston, promoted public schools for immigrants' children to encourage assimilation.
Despite these oscillations, the contrast "Us vs. them" in the Reports generally means that certain races have traits which the writers deemed incompatible with the American way of living to the extent of compromising proper assimilation. So it can justify discriminatory policies, not only, but increase a discriminatory ideology, racist in Van Dijk's sense, what we can find in the Dillingham Commission and in the contemporary public debates.
A similar approach, albeit without any scientific pretence, can still be found in day-to-day discourse, as well as in the political discourse of those who believe in the superiority, identity and non-equality of US.
How can we react positively? How can we deconstruct the divisive polarization and discrimination? Is it enough to use positive metaphors in order to find the "warmth" Susan Fiske hoped for?
May be something else is required – non-discriminatory ideologies, i.e. systems of thoughts and social practices. Perhaps we should not remove differences, but stop classifying them as values or axiologies. As Baroncelli said in his Il razzismo è una gaffe (Racism is a blunder).
Alberti, L.B. (2004 [1434-40]), The family in Renaissance Florence, Waveland Press.
Baroncelli, F. (1996), Il razzismo è una gaffe, Roma, Donzelli.
Amselle J.L. -'Bokolo E.M, edd., (1985), Au coeur de l'ethnie, La Découverte, Paris.
Benton-Cohen (2018), Inventing the Immigration Problem: the Dillingham Commission and its Legacy, Harvard UP.
Boas, F. (1912), Changes of bodily form of descendants of immigrants, American Anthropologist, n.s. 14: 530-562.
Bosco, A. (1891), La studio della delinquenza, Bulletin de l'lnstitut international de Statistique, vi: 167-214.
Canguilhem, G. (1977), Qu'est-ce qu'une idéologie scientifique? [1969], in Ideologie et rationalité dans l'histoire des sciences de la vie, Librairie J. Vrin, Paris.
Devine, P. et al. (2012), Long-term reduction in implicit race bias: A prejudice habit-breaking intervention, Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology, 48: 1267-78.
Duckitt J. – Sibley Ch.G. (2007), Right Wing Authoritarianism, Social Dominance Orientation and The Dimensions of Generalized Prejudice, European Journal of Personality, 21: 113-130.
Fiske, S.T. (2000), Stereotyping, Prejudice and Discrimination at the seam between the centuries: evolution, culture, mind, and brain, European Journal of Social Psychology, 30: 299-322.
Forscher P.S., Mitamura C., Dix E.L., Cox W.T.L. and Devine P.G. (2017), Breaking the prejudice habit: Mechanisms, timecourse, and longevity, Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology, 72. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316874118_Breaking_the_prejudice_habit_Mechanisms_timecourse_and_longevity.
Pratto F., Sidanius J., Stallworth L.M., Malle, B.F. (1994), Social dominance orientation: A personality variable predicting social and political attitudes, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67.
Reports of the Immigration Commission (1911), Government Printing Office, Washington:
vol. 1: Abstracts of Reports of The Immigration Commission, with Conclusions and Recommendations:
https://archive.org/details/reportsofimmigra01unitrich/page/n5
vol. 5: Dictionary of races or peoples:
https://archive.org/details/reportsimmigrat02croxgoog/page/n6
vol. 36: Immigration and crime:
https://archive.org/details/reportsimmigrat08dillgoog/page/n6
vol. 38: Changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants:
https://archive.org/details/reportsofimmigra38unit/page/n5
Sergi, G. (1901), The Mediterranean race: A study of the origin of European Peoples, London.
Sidanius, J. – Pratto, F. (1999), Social Dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression, Cambridge UP, Cambridge.
Smith, J.A. (2013), What does prejudice reveal about what it means to be human?, Greater Good Magazine, october 21:
https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/what_does_prejudice_reveal_about_what_it_means_to_be_human.
Stapinski, H. (2017), When America barred Italians, The New York Times, 2017/06/02.
Van Dijk, T. (1985), The Role of Discourse Analysis in Society, in Handbook of Discourse Analysis, Academic Press, London, 4: 1-8.
Van Dijk, T. (1995), Discourse Analysis as ideology analysis, in C. Schäffer-A.Wenden (eds), Language and Peace, Routledge, Aldershot.
Van Dijk, T. (1998), Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach, SAGE Publications, London.
Zeidel, R. (2004), Immigrants, Progressives and Exclusion Politics, Northern Illinois UP.
Speech of Dr. Luigi Patronaggio, Chief Prosecutor of Agrigento
08/06/2017 Conference proceedingsMafia, Migration, crime, legal rights, multiculturalism, penal justice, restorative justice, retributive justice, terrorism, toleranceLuigi Patronaggio
I wish to express my gratitude to the organizers of this meeting, all belonging to a remarkable psychological field and I apologize to them in advance for the diversity of my language and for the incursion in "other knowledges", hoping that this diversity could represent a source of mutual enrichment.
Part 1 – From retributive justice to restorative justice.
In more than thirty years long of professional experience, I have often bumped into the shadows of evil: how much vile darkness there is in a raped child, in a colleague magistrate or in some friends, policemen blown up by mafia-related criminals. Orin those innocent victims blown up while they are going to the beach, to a concert or to watch a football match at the stadium, or even in the bodies of young women, children and men floating in the same sea where new slave traders, unscrupulous merchants, have dragged them with the promise of a better life.
After a pistol shot, a burst, after the cries of the shipwrecked victims on a sinking boat … after all … it remains only darkness and quiet. Where there previously was life and joy, now there is silence. Darkness replaced the light.
To continue the metaphor, dear to people who are familiar with symbols, the legal order of a democratic State is a rational construction, and generally an ideal, geometric and illuminated city. Any time this order is violated the geometric shape is compromised and the lights turn off or dim according to the entity of the crime that has violated the law.
Rationality gives way to emotionality.
From the earliest times the violated law, or better the violated order, is restored through the punishment and the expulsion from the civil cohabitation of the criminal.
Since the earliest times,men have always responded to evil with evil: this happened with the vengeful God of the Jews (… it will take centuries until he becomes the Merciful God of the Christians). It happened with the Romans up to the Islamic world. If you do evil you will receive evil.
But be careful: it is a good thing that the order has laid down certain rules to overcome the rupture and go ahead, otherwise, we would still be stuck to the ordeal.
The Western juridical civilization has provided rules with universal validity: "Nullumcrimennullapena sine lege", stated the Latins, the creators of the principle of the strict legality in the criminal law. This principle is still a pillar of the Western civilization. Likewise, the principle of non-retroactivity of the criminal law and the one corollary to the right to a fair trial,are fixed points in our civilization, codified in the European Convention on Human Rights.
And nonetheless, our human and legal sensibility has been more and more refined to get to understand that the violated order doesn't always recreate through the punishment and the expulsion from the civil cohabitation.
This is not the place where to reaffirm (something too obvious) the necessary re-educative function of the punishment or the rejection of the death penalty. Or even, the tendential unconstitutionality of thelife sentence with the "never ending serve the term of imprisonment".
What we want to highlight here, is that there are moments and contexts where it is necessary to go beyond the concept of retributive justice and enter the restorative or reconstructive justice: the so called "Restorative Justice" in the Anglo-Saxon world.
A justice that allows the executioner and the victim to communicate and together overcome evil. Only then, the violated order can be recreatedthrough the germination of healthy cells instead of being mutilated of its sick parts through surgical operations.
There are now many examples of this "other" justice, and all are renowned. The best-known of all is perhaps the one of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa.
Where the apartheid was brought to an end not through the victory of a faction against another and with the imposition of the criminal law from the winner, but through a process of voluntary participation where was given voice to the victims;where the executioners recognized their own faults and promptly act to fix them; where everybody made every effort to create a new state and where the prosecution intended as a punishmentremained in the background of this process until it disappeared.
Other examples of restorative justice are found in the juvenile criminal law, in the criminal mediation and now, at a European level and in the international legislation, the principle of a "different" justice is also appealed in official documents (see the Council of Europe Recommendation of 1999 on the criminal mediation).
There are also olderexamples, such as the extended amnesty issued by the Italian Minister of Justice Togliatti that, by the pay off of crimes, committed both by the winners and the losers, allowed the Italians to resume apeaceful and democratic dialogue with each other after the civil war following the 8th September 1943.
For instance, the latest laws on the matter of stalking, highlight the need to take actionnot only on the victim but also on the stalker in order to understand its push toward violence and to educate him tothe respect for women and more generally for vulnerable people.
Furthermore, family mediation tries to make a couple, facing an hard communicative time, in a dialogue situation in order to help them solve together their troubles, in the main interest of their children, leaving as a last resort, the authoritarian decision of the judge.
Thus, rebuilding starting from the victims, giving them voice and helping them to dialogue with the responsible for the crimes committed against them.
Then, restoring the order not through the isolation or the state violence, but through the restorative reconstruction where the voice of the victim, in a central position, is able to generate a process of reviewing of the evil by the criminal, with the aid of a third impartial mediator.
Certainly, this is an easy-to-apply paradigm in case of less serious crimes, i.e. a paradigm to apply in case of global and complex situations where the basis for the dialogue still exist.
But, is it possible to apply this paradigm against the international terrorism that threats us inside our houses, or against the humanity and war crimes? The most obvious reply is negative: the answer to the most serious crimes can be only a punitive reply, although with the most evolved forms of the international criminal law with which we have hardly endowed ourselves, since the Nuremberg trial of the Nazi war criminals.
Anyway, the choice of a proper international criminal law appeal doesn't exempt us from the duty to understand and to face the shadow… to keep satisfying the symbolic language, well appreciated in this forum.
This is not the right place where to discuss the matter of the international criminal law, its entitlement as a non-codified right applicable to any person recognized as a guilty of crimes against humanity, regardless of where the crimes have been committed, or to reject the accusation put forward to that punitive claim as the criminal law of the enemy, as the winner's right.
It must be stressed that, with the creation of the International Criminal Court (The Hague – July 2002), the western society, once again, has tried to overcome the de-structuring of the civil cohabitation through the rational means of the written law, the certainty of the rules and the punishments, by codifying fair and guaranteed procedures, overcoming a principle that had established after the tragedy of the Second World War, according to which " in delictisatrocissimispotestjudexjuratransgrendi", i.e. "in delictisatrocissimisjuratransgrendi licet".
Principles that unfortunately came again to the surface after the 11th September in USA with the use of legalized torture and the opening of special detention centers, such as Guantanamo.
Moreover, not all States took part to the Rome Convention, and as a matter of fact only 124 States approved the Rome Statute, and 32 signed but not approved the same agreements, such as USA, Russia, China and Israel.
"To Understand" is now then the new imperative to overcome, restart and restore.
Essential condition to face any attack to the civil cohabitation is to nevergive way to irrational and authoritarian temptations. It is also necessary a big effort of all social sciences and the combinationofall methods for the development of a social heuristics.
Who's then this terrorist that threat us right inside our home, that prevent us from going to a concert, enjoying an exhibition or enjoying the right to democratic participation?
Part 2 – The identity of the terrorist.
Speaking of Mafia, as I already marked before, I defined the mafia-related criminal as an individual without identity who finds it inside the mafia organizationby moving the ideals of this selected group which is in contrast to the others, and whose language is only violence and prevarication. A cooperating witness used to say that before becoming part of "CosaNostra", he was "nudduimmiscatucùnenti" (Italian translation in the text: I was anyone mixed up with anything).
Likewise, I would like to define the denominational terrorist (and I deliberately adopt this definition, not only to be politically correct) as a weak individual in search of a strong identity.
On the basis of our experience in investigation, we know that the terrorist organizations recruit young people in the occupied territories by the illusion of a status and the flattery of belonging to a selected elite, that the systematic recourse to acts of violence is justified in the name of a higher project; that all those people who don't belong to the group are considered inferior because they are traitors, unfaithful and corrupted.
They usually wear black uniforms and have a long beard to underline the difference between them and the others. We all know the images of the ISIS troupes on the Internet, with a black background and waving black flags. It's no coincidence that they choose this color: black is the denial of all colors, as the Nazi aesthetics had already stated about 100 years ago.
Certainly their weak, or better, wounded identity, is the result of centuries of a western ethnocentrism that turns a deaf ear to the claims of the third world countries.
It is no coincidence that terrorism develops in the occupied territories where people live in marginal conditions, but also in the suburbs of the European cities where the cultural integration process hasn't occurred.
And I want to dispel here a cliché that identifies terrorism with immigration.
And I will dispel it with my long professional experience and the strength of the actual numbers issued by the Italian Ministry of the Interior: the terrorists don'tarrive here with the immigrants on the boats in the Sicilian Canal. Andeven if a terrorist that is running away from the war in Libya, reaches our shores, he doesn't travel on unsteady boats, but only on comfortable motorboats for deep-sea fishing. It means only under safe conditions.
The terrorists are in our houses, in the suburbs of our cities, in our prisonswhere they often radicalize themselves. Descendants of past immigration,result of the post-Colonialism period, never integrated into the cultures of the host countries, they are often unemployed andexpress their hate towards the West culture through terrorism.A culture thatthey envy for its level of well-being and quality of life; hatedand denied at the same timebecause unreachable.
The terrorist is often formed on the Internet that deliberately provides him theimage of a fake and virtual world, just and ordered, opposite to the real world, represented as corrupted, that for the aspiring terrorist is a source of desire and frustration at the same time. And even the "holy war" is represented on the Internet as a triumphal advance full of violence and cruelty that the Foreign Fighters will experience and that probably theywill never be able to leave.
I would like to make it clear that terrorism has nothing to do with immigration.
The terrorist is in search of a strong identity, the immigrant instead, has a clear and rooted identity and he is only in search of a country where he can express its identity, denied in his own country because of wars, famine and persecutions.
The terrorist exports blind and angry violence. The migrant instead, only uses violence against himselfby putting at risk his own lifeand the one of his family,undertaking journeys under unsafe conditions,during which they are often physically and sexually abused.
We shouldn't be scared; we shouldn't fear the immigrant; we shouldn't fear the cultural influence because it is only a source of enrichment; we should feed from the culture of acceptance; we should have the ability to distinguish between hate and fear, to recognize other people's roots, to listen to the other: the victims of this epic phenomenon.
I would like to conclude my speech by going back to the need to listen to the others, the victims, and inviting you to listen to these people coming from the other part of the Sicilian Canal and to pay attention to their stories.
Stories full of pain and violence. They travelled thousands of miles through the desert, in the hands of unscrupulous human traders that drive poor people on overloaded old off-road vehicles letting them to die of thirst in the desert.
Stories of human traders that sell these poor people to the best bidder; migrants that are sold to different military factions, raped, divested of their belonging and harassed; traffickers that extort considerable amounts of money from their victims by blackmailing them with their abandonment; traffickers that cram the immigrants inside sheds located along the coasts of Lybia, under the burning sun and in slavery conditions.Stories of migrant women that quietly accept to be constantly raped by their captors, trying only to avoid unwanted pregnancies. The government forces are absent, legality is absent, there are only armed and violent factions and tribes that live by trading human beings.
These are the voices we must listen to, voices that make us act and qualify what happens on the Libyan coasts and in the Sahara desert as crimes against humanity. Those voices must lead us to strongly claim the opening of an humanitarian corridor from Libya, under the ONU signatures, to accommodate and redistribute migrants in Europe.
There is a right that must be affirmed as "Human Right", and as such protected, and that is the right to migration, the right to escape from wars and deportations, to famines and epidemics. It is mandatory to stop military operations, and its political strategies and reversals between the various European nations committed to governing the Canal of Sicily. Stop with political disputes made of ephemeral and uncertain boundaries to be protected.
Pope Francis said: "it is necessary to become builders of bridges not of walls".
Let's just look inside, we should not be afraid, but believe in our Western, lay, tolerant, relativistic culture, produced after the dark years of the two World Wars. A cultural model open to multiracial and multi-confessional society. A cultural model we must insist on building a Europe of Nations, of people, not a Europe of banks and markets.


text:
Support for Families after Workplace Tragedy Tuesday, October 23, 2012
Support for Families after Workplace Tragedy
Hosted by Dr. Gordon Atherley
Fran DeFilippis Shirley Hickman
Shirley Hickman in 2002 co-founded Threads of Life, A Workplace Tragedy Family Support Association, http://threadsoflife.ca/. She's Executive Director and Family Program Manager. Fran DeFilippis, in 2001, after the birth of her second child, started a part-time chocolate truffle business. Shirley and Fran both experienced workplace tragedy. They describe their lives and work with Threads of Life. They discuss workplace tragedy's consequences, and the needs for support and the challenges encountered by families and family caregivers in accessing support from insurance, worker compensation, employers, healthcare and other systems. They explain the support that Threads of Life provides for families and family caregivers after workplace tragedy, and the support that Threads of Life itself relies on. They talk about ways to increase support for families and family caregivers after workplace tragedy, and share their messages for families and family caregivers.
Family caregivers are the people who provide care to partners, parents, children, brothers, sisters, cousins, friends, neighbors and even co-workers. They are the people who provide care when everyone else has gone home. They are the people who organize the functioning of the home for the person with special needs, and for the family as a whole.	They are the coordinators of care, the managers of appointments, the preventers of loneliness, and the makers of decisions even to the point of Power of Attorney. And they are so often people who themselves are burdened with their own health challenges and who may be in only marginally better health than the persons to whom they are providing family caregiving.
Dr. Gordon Atherley
Dr Gordon Atherley holds the British equivalent of the Canadian PhD and MD degrees, and LLD, Honoris Causa, from Canada's Simon Fraser University. His awards include Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, UK. His medical specialties are occupational medicine and public health.
As first President and Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, the Canadian equivalent of the US National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, he led the creation of Canada's electronic information service in occupational health and safety, now used in more than 40 countries.
In academia, he held senior, tenured, full-time positions, including departmental chair, in university faculties of physics, engineering, and medicine. He is the author of a textbook and numerous articles and publications.
Since retiring from medical practice, he's built up Greyhead Associates, which critically researches the safety, effectiveness and fairness of health services for persons with special needs.
Through Virtual Care International, a company of which he's President, he's involved in providing sensible technology to family caregivers to help them with their responsibilities, workloads, and concerns.
Now an activist, he urges family caregivers to unite because, more and more, it's not just their families who depend on them, it's also the healthcare system as a whole, as it struggles to meet more and more needs of more and more people.
Listen in Google Play
Family Caregivers Unite website
Follow Gordon Atherley on Twitter
EQualitative Research


Spirit of Truth has had an active relationship with Robin's Nest Children's Home for many years. Two of our members serve on the board of directors at the Nest and we have had teams of volunteers at least once of year travel to the Nest.
The story begins with an obedient servant's heart and a love for children. Some of us are called to serve locally while others feel led to serve internationally. And that is exactly what founder, Michelle Robinette, did in 1997 when she went on a mission trip to Montego Bay, Jamaica. Little did she know the trip would change her life forever. She spent time visiting children at a local orphanage and soon felt led the following year not only to care for hurting children on the island, but desired to start a new place where more kids could call "home". Provide a safe, loving and Christ-centered environment where each child could grow physically, emotionally, mentally, and spiritually. To care for the orphans, the hurting, the helpless. Give them hope and show them an unconditional love . . . because He first loved us.
OUR MISSION: We pray that Robin's Nest Children's Home will provide a nurturing, loving, safe, Christ-centered atmosphere in which all children will grow at their own speed – physically, mentally, and spiritually – so they may develop their own individual gifts, talents and abilities and become the person who God intended.
OUR VISION: Our Vision is to provide a safe and secure Christian environment for the children God places in our care while providing basic needs, medical care, unconditional love, and education they need to grow. Our goal is to transform hurting children into spiritually, physically, and mentally healthy believers prepared to impact the world around them.


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Yi Yun and Lin Xintong stood before the two portraits, silent and in deep thought.
Just now, while they were each within their own lengthy dream, they had each experienced the Azure Yang Lord and the ancient Great Empress' lives. They had used the ancient couple's eyes to see this world, and to understand the Yin-Yang laws.
This was a rare opportunity for both Yi Yun and Lin Xintong.
Both of them looked each other in the eye. They felt they had deepened their understanding of the "Great Empress Heart Sutra", and if they were to begin cultivating now, it would not take long for them to succeed in cultivating the Jade Marrow Spiritual Energy and the Nine Yang Spiritual Energy.
Yi Yun still remembered the first time he arrived in the Tian Yuan world. It was floating above the Untraversable Sea, and it had smooth edges that were steep cliffs. From afar, they looked like infinite divine walls that lay across the horizon.
Back then, Yi Yun was struck by the magnificent appearance of the Tian Yuan world, only now did he realize that it was a magical item!
"The ancient evil demon within the God Burial Abyss is too terrifying. Just to seal it again, even the Azure Yang Lord and the ancient Great Empress never returned after they left… They eventually failed to complete the seal, and now, this mission has landed on our shoulders…" Lin Xintong sighed. There was some hesitation in her eyes, but she was also a lot more determined.
In the Great Empress mystic realm, she had found the way to join up her naturally terminated meridians. The ancient Great Empress was like a master to her. Naturally, she could not let down the important task entrusted by the ancient Great Empress. Besides, the Lin family was in the Tian Yuan world, be it Su Jie or Matriarch Lin, they were the dearest people to Lin Xintong, other than Yi Yun. She could not sit idly by while the Tian Yuan world was destroyed.
As Yi Yun spoke, he walked out the hall which was at the third level of the God Advent Tower. Lin Xintong silently followed him. She followed in the footsteps of the ancient Great Empress who followed the Azure Yang Lord so many years ago.
The two of them moved up the staircase. They walked slowly, step by step.
They passed by door after door of light. It took them a full hour before they arrived before the sixth level of the God Advent Tower.
This was the top level of the God Advent Tower.
Back when they came here the first time, the door was tightly shut and stood motionless.
After cultivating for five years and experiencing the ancient Great Empress and Azure Yang Lord's lives, Yi Yun and Lin Xintong once again stood before the door, but their mentalities were completely different from before.
They looked each other in the eye as they placed their palms on the door.
Both their Yuan Qi exploded!
The complex ancient patterns on the heavy door began to light up one by one. Pure Yin and Yang laws surged between their bodies.
The glow emitted by the ancient door began to grow in intensity as it illuminated the entire God Advent Tower.
Yi Yun and Lin Xintong circulated their energies to a maximum, as their Yin and Yang energies interwove in the void, forming a Great Dao picture.
The ancient door seemed to melt as it echoed a "Ka Ka" sound. Finally, the two sides of the heavy door slowly opened up from the middle.
Ever since entering the Great Empress mystic realm, Yi Yun and Lin Xintong had spent six years in it. After six years, they managed to step into the last level of the God Advent Tower. Finally, on this day, the God Advent Tower had opened up to them completely!
The door fully opened, and as if a piece of dusty history was pushed apart, a primordial aura surged out before they could even enter.
It seemed like there was a pair of eyes in the space behind the door, which traversed across the sea of time and was watching them from a distance.
It seemed like a whisper was coming from behind the door. It was unknown whose voice it belonged to. The flittering sound, was like if it was calling out to someone, or telling a story no one knew.
This special feeling made Yi Yun and Lin Xintong hold their breaths. Yi Yun sensed that something in it was resonating within him.
He took a deep breath and, while holding Lin Xintong's hand, slowly walked through the door.
Inside, it was surprisingly quiet.
They were the first to step into this space that had been sealed for so many years. It was just a quiet room.
In front of them there was a wooden table, placed above some bamboo mats.
The wooden table was smooth and remained dustless. The table's wooden texture was apparent to the eyes and there was a cyan light coming from a lamp flickering above it. The tiny bit of light was like starlight in the dark night.
It was unknown for how many years the lamp had been lit. It was as if the owner of this room had never left.
After looking at the wooden table, Yi Yun could not help but walk up to it.
Yi Yun sat down, and in a trance, the voice he previously heard as a whisper echoed in his ears once again. It was as if an invisible figure was sitting there, just like him, reciting a poem.
This was not Yi Yun's hallucination, but an actual voice.
The Azure Yang Lord was gone, but his aura from back then and his voice still remained undissipated. Even though it had been so long, it still could manifest in this chamber.
This proved how deep and profound the Azure Yang Lord's understanding of the laws was.
Yi Yun looked at the wooden table while deep in thought. A black disc, which was not very eye-catching, was placed on it. Other than that, there was a cotton bag nonchalantly left beside it as well.
Yi Yun picked up the black disc and instantly, an intense resonance happened. Yi Yun's Yuan Qi was hauled by it as it erupted. The circular disc lit up and projected an image.
The image was a mini tower.
"It is the God Advent Tower," Lin Xintong exclaimed.
Yi Yun was also surprised. This circular disc had projected the God Advent Tower, and by carefully sensing it, he was even more surprised.
The circular disc was the core disk array of the God Advent Tower!
With the Azure Yang Token in hand, Yi Yun sank his perception into the disk array. Suddenly, he felt his perception spread across to every corner of the God Advent Tower. Everything within the God Advent Tower was now at his fingertips.
This feeling was extremely wonderful.
Lin Xintong clearly guessed it as she asked.
Yi Yun nodded, and a hint of excitement could be seen in his eyes.
Previously, the inheritance he obtained only controlled a tiny portion of the God Advent Tower, but with this disk array, he would be able to completely control the entire God Advent Tower!
As long as he refined this disk array, he would become the true master of the God Advent Tower!
The God Advent Tower was not just a place of trials, it was also an immortal cave, as well as a magical item.
When Yi Yun was sufficiently strong, he and Lin Xintong could power the God Advent Tower, sealing the Sun and Moon, suppressing the mountains and rivers!
Then, no matter what enemies they encountered, they would be able to completely seal and suppress them!


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Originally from Montreal, Canada, Sara Phillips is an multi-faceted independent pop/soul/r&b singer and songwriter based out of Los Angeles, California. After years of crafting her songwriting and vocal abilities while living in living in New York City, Sarah was able to secure slots performing at some of New York's most storied venues, and touring across North America. Sara wrote, co-produced, and recorded her self-titled debut EP.
It's not easy to put raw emotion into your music yet Sara Phillips is no stranger to expressing herself and views through her lyrics. "Here's To You" finds Sara reflecting on a lost love in a melancholy affair. The Jimmy Visine produced track compliments Sara's melodies perfectly as the songstress sounds at home over the production. The This is the perfect record to cruise through the city to or even kick back and enjoy mimosa's to. Check out "Here's To You" below and follow Sara Phillips around the internet.


This reportage is a series of portraits of people in Geneva who lived in many places across the world. A nomad is a member of a community who frequently moves to satisfy the needs for his/her living. A "new" nomad, in this context, does not move around to find food for the livestock, rather he/she frequently moves to satisfy the intellectual curiosity and career ambitions. These migrants do not leave their country out of poverty, but instead they are fortunate enough to follow their dreams and beliefs. They are young, well-educated individuals.
The new nomads are captured in their homes. This personal environment is the widow to everyone's life: it express what one values in terms of creativity, family, money et cetera. Through the details in the images one can find how new nomads express themselves.
"Home is not a place, but the relationship you have with people"


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William "Bill" McCann
William "Bill" McCann passed away on Dec. 28, 2022. McCann served in the U.S. Navy until he shifted to the legal field as a partner at Snakard & Gambill for more than 45 years.
John C. Boston
John C. Boston passed away on Nov. 7, 2022. Boston served in the U.S. Marines and also was an airline pilot prior to attending Texas Law. In his legal career, he worked as an enforcement attorney for the Texas Real Estate Commission, in private general practice, and as executive director of the continuing legal education program at the State Bar of Texas.
Hon. Josh Morriss III
Chief Justice Josh Morriss III was honored as a Distinguished Alumni by the Texarkana Independent School District Board of Trustees and administration. Morriss is the chief justice on the Texas Sixth District Court of Appeals.
Joe W. Redden, Jr.
Joe Redden, Jr. was recognized as a 2022 Texas Super Lawyer and in the inaugural guide of the Lawdragon 500 Leading Litigators in America. Redden is a trial lawyer and serves as of counsel in the Houston office of Beck Redden.
Boyd Herndon
Boyd Herndon, formerly Director of Research Compliance at the University of North Texas, has retired.
Joe W. Redden, Jr. has been recognized in 2021 Texas Super Lawyers for his work with Civil Litigation, Defense. This annual award listing is based on peer recognition and professional achievements and published by Thomson Reuters. Redden is of counsel with Beck Redden LLP.
Joe Redden
Joe W. Redden, Jr. has been recognized in the 2022 The Best Lawyers in America ranking of the nation's top legal talent. He is Of Counsel with Beck Redden who specializes in Personal Injury Litigation.
Joe Beck Hairston
Joe Beck Hairston passed away August 30, 2020 in Austin, at age of 82. Joe served as a commissioned officer in the U.S. Navy from 1961 to 1964. Joe practiced school law over five decades, most notably with the firm he co-founded in Austin, now known as Walsh Gallegos. While working as a staff attorney at the Texas Association of School Boards (TASB) Joe was a principal author of the TASB Policy Reference Manual, a legally based management manual for Texas public school districts. He was also an avid traveler, having visited more than 100 countries on 6 continents.
James "Jim" Calvin Crain
James Crain passed away on July 1, 2021. Crain began his professional career as a Partner at Jenkens & Gilchrist Law Firm, where he headed the Energy Section. Starting in 1989, he served as President of Marsh Operating Company. In 1997 he became a general partner of Valmora Partners LP and later joined Yorktown Partners. Crain also served on the Board of Directors for many public energy companies, including Enlink Midstream, Approach Resources, Crusader Energy Group and others. Crain earned his Bachelor's, Master's, and Juris Doctorate degrees at UT Austin. He was an editor of the Texas Law Review and graduated Order of the Coif.
Nancy Jane Moore
Nancy Jane Moore's second novel, "For the Good of the Realm," will be published June 1 by Seattle's Aqueduct Press. Unlike her first book, the science fiction first contact novel, "The Weave" (also published by Aqueduct), there are no lawyers in this book, but there are swordswomen and witches.
Texas Super Lawyers has again recognized Beck Redden LLP in its 2020 annual award listing, featuring 16 lawyers including Joe W. Redden, Jr., who specializes in defense of civil litigation.
Steven Paul Boney
Steven Paul Boney passed away surrounded by his family on May 25, 2020. He was a double Longhorn and a proud Austinite for more than 50 years. For 44 years, Boney served as a criminal defense attorney. He was a regular volunteer for Legal Aid in Austin, constantly committed to helping others in need. In lieu of flowers or other remembrances, donations may be made in Boney's name to the ALS Association of Texas.
Thomas Greene III
Thomas Baker Greene III passed away on March 10, 2020. Greene spent many years as a successful litigator. He was a partner at the firms of Crain, Winters, Deaton, James & Briggs (now Crain Caton & James); Ware, Snow, Fogel, Jackson & Greene; and Kajander & Greene. Greene spent his final years as a solo practitioner. In lieu of flowers, memorials may be directed to Rice University, Office of Development MS-81, P. O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892 or Main Street Theater, 2540 Times Blvd., Houston, TX 77005.
Joe W. Redden, Jr. was named in the 2021 Best Lawyers in America. He specializes in Personal Injury Litigation.
Stephen E. Walraven
Langley & Banack, Inc. attorney Stephen Walraven was recently named Fellow to the American College of Coverage Counsel. The College is comprised of more than 300 highly experienced and recognized U.S. and Canadian lawyers involved in representing the interests of both insurers and policyholders.
Joe W. Redden
Joe W. Redden was recognized in the annual Chambers USA: America's Leading Lawyers for Business 2016 directory. Redden was specifically recognized for his work in General Commercial litigation.
Robert Curry
Robert Curry has been listed as a Band 1 attorney by Chambers USA and is also included on the recognition lists published by Best Lawyers in America and Super Lawyers.