Thomas Seyfried remarked in his book [(1), page 6]: "The definition of ketogenic diet allows for considerable leeway in food choices as long as the individual has reduced blood glucose and is producing ketones." Unfortunately, these parameters are lacking in many if not most of studies into metabolic effects of macronutrients. Meanwhile, there is a precise way to predict whether or not a diet will induce ketosis and the aim of this opinion article is to advocate a broader usage of this way. Why is this so important?
Excess of carbohydrate intake typical for consumers of the Western diet may cause detrimental effects on metabolism and increase risks of the onset and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases (2–4). On the other hand, diets high in fat and low in carbohydrates decrease appetite, probabilities of food addiction and obesity, and are neuroprotective (5, 6). Carbohydrate restriction induces physiological changes which are very similar to the well documented beneficial effects of calorie restriction (7, 8). Conversely, the hallmark of high-carbohydrate diets is homeostatic inadequacy (9), an overproduction of reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation products, both of which are implicated in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration (10–12). However, the meaning of "high" or "low" in diets' definition has been drifting away from the previously established quantitative criterion known as ketogenic ratio.
Almost a century ago, Woodyatt (13) wrote: "antiketogenesis is an effect due to certain products which occur in the oxidation of glucose, an interaction between these products on the one hand and one or more of the acetone bodies on the other." The ketogenic ratio (KR), as proposed by Shaffer (14), is a ratio of the sum of ketogenic factors to the sum of antiketogenic factors: KR = K/AK. The antiketogenic part of the equation invariably equals 1 so the KRs are always expressed as 2:1, 4:1, etc. For the sake of economy of reading, we leaved out the repeating part not bearing any information and mention only the informative digit.
Shaffer concluded that the maximal ratio compatible with the oxidation of the "ketogenic" molecules becomes possible at the KR = 1, making KRs below 1 antiketogenic and KRs above 2 ketogenic. Wilder and Winter (15) described the KR of a food in terms of times the fat content exceeds the amount of carbohydrate and protein combined, roughly. The reasoning was based on their own experimental observation that fats are predominantly ketogenic (90%), carbohydrates are almost 100% anti-ketogenic, and protein is both ketogenic and antiketogenic, 46–58% respectively. They arrived, along with Woodyatt and Sansum (13), at the conclusion that KR for induction of ketogenesis should be 2 or higher while the upper limit of antiketogenesis is 1.
KR = (0.9 F + 0.46 P): (C + 0.58 P + 0.1 F) where F is grams of fat; P is grams of protein and C is grams of carbohydrate. Currently, this equation is rarely used in nutrition research and less so in dietetic practice, which is regrettable since properly calculated KRs reveals interesting patterns of diet effects. Previously (9), using the Withrow's equation, we calculated KRs in a number of diets and came to conclusion that the watershed in the group of effects occurs at KR of about 1.7. Above this value, metabolic features of diets were characteristic for ketogenesis, while below this value, they were characteristic for the obesogenic high-fat diet (oHFD), which, in contrast to the diet resulting in ketosis (KD), is high in fat but also in carbohydrates. Here, we analyzed three groups of diets in order to compare our observation regarding the watershed with the classification of diets made by the authors of 62 studies, in which it was possible to calculate KRs.
We can see that there is no common criteria in choosing diet compositions for the "normal control" group to start with (Figure 1A). The vast majority of "normal control" diets are clearly anti-ketogenic (KRs below or equal 1). The oHFD group of diets had broader spectrum of KRs ranging from the anti-ketogenic 0.456 to clearly ketogenic 2.994. The KRs of diets, which were considered ketogenic by the authors, ranged especially broadly: from 0.36 to above 6. The macronutrient compositions of oHFD diets and KDs overlap although the obesogenic oHFD is discussed in literature as diametrically different from the KD. The metabo- and neuroprotective effects of KD are experimentally and clinically confirmed, however, the low compliance rate of the strict KD caused mass attempts to reduce the KR below KR = 2, which for a century used to be the minimal accepted value to consider a diet ketogenic.
Figure 1. (A) Green line, theoretical threshold of ketogenesis; dashed green line, empirical threshold of ketogenesis. Red line, theoretical threshold of anti-ketogenesis; dashed red line KR = 0.5. Vertical axis, ketogenic ratios. Horizontal axix, original studies, first author and year (17–50). (B) Ketogenic ratios of diets below the ketogenic threshold. Calculated basing on data extracting from the studies (25, 51–54). Gray curves in (B,C) trendlines. (C) Body-mass loss on diets below the ketogenic threshold. VLCD, very low carbohydrate diet; MAD, modified Atkins diet; Zone, the Zone diet; KLC, ketogenic low carbohydrate diet; WW, Weight Watchers diet; VLFD, very low fat diet; NLC, non-ketogenic low carbohydrate diet.
An example is the Modified Atkins Diet (MAD) first tried at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. It is a protocol replicating the induction phase of the original Atkins diet. MAD is composed of approximately 10% energy from carbohydrates, 30% from protein, and 60% from fat, no calorie restriction (55–58). The MAD became an intervention for treating a number of diseases, first of all in cases of intractable childhood epilepsy but also in pharmacoresistant epilepsy in adults and in pathologies of glucose utilization (58). MAD is labeled "ketogenic" while its KR = 1.3 (calculated basing on 11). However, its efficiency is limited: although 70% of epilepsy patients on MAD experienced a 50% reduction in seizures, after switching to the strict clinical KD (KR = 4) the patients benefited from an additional 37% improvement and 18.5% became seizure-free (13, 59, 60) indicating that the KR is indeed an important predictor of diet effectiveness.
Basing on our review of KR-dependent effects of diets (6), here we compiled a brief overview in order to demonstrate the critical differences between KD and oHFD.
1. The risks of pathologies caused by brain hypometabolism (e.g., due to hypoxia, hypoglycemia, brain trauma) is reduced in diets capable of inducing ketogenesis; the opposite is shown for the oHFD diets (39, 61–69).
2. Inflammation, e.g., neuroinflammation is shown to be induced by oHFD but decreased by KD (70–78) among other things resulting in improved or impaired cognitive function (76, 78–82).
3. Neuronal hyperactivity and epilepsy is attenuated by KD but exacerbated by oHFD (75, 83–85, 85–88).
4. Inhibition of growth of tumor and metastasis as well as tumor neo-angiogenesis is demonstrated for KD while oHFD increases the risk of cancerogenesis (8, 89–92).
5. KD decreased cardiovascular risks while oHFD increases them (93, 94).
6. KD lowered the type 2 diabetes risks, improves management of complications and glucose control while oHFD increases the risks, exacerbates complications and induced glucose intolerance (95–99).
• Ketogenic low carbohydrate diet (KLC) and non-ketogenic low carbohydrate diet (NLC) (25).
The common feature of these diets was that none of them reached the threshold of ketogenesis defined as KR = 1.5 (100). The diets were roughly isocaloric (1,412 ± 35.5 Kcal/day; caloric intake of WW varied averaging 1,400 Kcal), with main outcome a body-mass loss. Beyond the strictly utilitarian standpoint, body-mass loss is an indicator of lipolysis and thus of ketogenesis likelihood.
In diets ranging from KR = 1.413 to KR = 0.06 (Figure 1B), the metabolic outcome did not depend on KR as directly as it does above the ketogenic threshold (Figure 1C) indicating that mechanisms other than the ketogenesis-glycolysis counterbalancing seem to be predominant. Indeed, in the study of Johnston et al. (25) the inverse relationship has been observed: the KLC diet having six times higher KR than NLC (0.35 vs. 0.06) had almost twice lower effect (4 vs. 7 kg) leading the authors to conclusion they even used as the article title: "Ketogenic low-carbohydrate diets have no metabolic advantage over nonketogenic low-carbohydrate diets"—although both diets were undoubtedly anti-ketogenic.
It has been shown before (26) that the prevalence of carbohydrates in an otherwise equally high-protein diets increased energy intake in the ad libitum consumption mode initiating the vicious cycle of non-homeostatic processes, including reward seeking and food addiction (101) and the prevalence of energy-conserving metabolic mode over the homeostatically balanced mode (9). Theoretically, below the KR = 1.5, glucocentric metabolic mode prevails while above KR = 1.5 the dominant metabolic mode is adipocentric with the important consequence being initiation of lipolysis (102). This is why the body-mass loss of diets is a convenient parameter indirectly indicating that lipolytic processes take place. It has been measured empirically (100) that ketosis is not observed in KRs below 1.5—however, the "ketogenic" label has been assigned to MAD (KR = 1.021) and even to KLC (KR = 0.36).
There is a turning point in the KR-effect interaction curve at KR = 0.5 (Figure 1C), the diet nearest to this point being at KR = 0.438 [the Zone diet, (52–54)]. Further decrease of KRs up to the value of 0.06 resulted in an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship under the threshold of ketogenesis.
Currently the classification of diets is rather unsatisfactory and diet labels offered by the authors (quite arbitrarily) "normal", "oHFD," or "ketogenic" oftentimes do not correspond to their respective diets' macronutrient compositions. Description based on percentages of energy from each of the macronutrients does not make it easy to qualify diet type and unify the categorization. The macronutrient ratio in terms of ketogenicity is often ignored in qualification of metabolic effects. The most striking example of this is the oHFD diet, which in fact is also high in carbohydrates. As we briefly discussed above, its effects are diametrically opposing those of the ketogenic diet which is also high in fat but low in carbohydrates, resulting in striking differences in diets' physiological effects (see Effects of KD vs. oHFD).
The ad libitum access to food is the standard protocol in animal experiments although the validity of it is rightfully questioned since the subjects become "sedentary, obese, glucose intolerant, and on a trajectory to premature death" [(103), page 6,127]. On the other hand, the low-carbohydrate diets that are high in fat have a number of metabolic advantages: for instance, they facilitate increase energy expenditure by increasing thermogenic effects and excretion of ketone bodies (104).
Greater carbohydrate intake was associated with poorer performance in patients with Alzheimer's disease (105), while KD improved cognition independent of weight loss in healthy human subjects (80). KD improved verbal vocabulary and reaction time in children with epilepsy and attention (4), concentration, and memory in adults with multiple sclerosis (106). Diets limiting carbohydrate intake mimic the effects of fasting or caloric restriction (102). In fact, calorie restriction is not even required on a very low carbohydrate diet to achieve the desired goals, while on a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet calorie restriction is the principal requirement (107).
The metabolic effects of dietary fat on energy homeostasis differs from the effects of carbohydrates in two key features. One is the ability to store energy in depots - fat is exceptionally good at it, but carbohydrates are limited in this ability. The other is the ability to increase the drive to consume energy. Carbohydrates have a characteristic ability to elicit positive reward and thus addiction (5, 101, 108–110) while significant carbohydrate restriction in VLCD caused not only energy intake decrease but also energy expenditure increase in both resting and active states (51). In spite of these non-homeostatic features, these mechanisms are evolutionarily appropriate in wild nature, but as soon as the living conditions change the hard-wired pursuit to maximize the energy store becomes a metabolic trap (9s), resulting in non-homeostatic overconsumption and all the negative metabolic consequences it causes.
To conclude, the current classification of diets results in terminological confusion. We suggest that rethinking the existing descriptive approach and reanimating the century-old qualitative and clear-cut criterion may facilitate the use of common language and substantive discussion in nutrition and metabolism.
TZ and YZ equally contributed to the concept, data collection and analysis, writing the manuscript and preparing illustrations.
6. Zilberter T, Zilberter Y. Energy metabolism: from neurons and glia to the whole brain: pathology and metabolic correction. Adv Physiol Sci. (2012) 43:37–54.
12. Gao Y, Bielohuby M, Fleming T, Grabner GF, Foppen E, Bernhard W, et al. Dietary sugars, not lipids, drive hypothalamic inflammation. Research Gate. (2017) Available Online at: Researchgate https://goo.gl/kNa4wi (Accessed May 15, 2018).
14. Shaffer PA Antiketogenesis. I. An in vitro analogy. J BiolChem. (1921) 47:433–73.
15. Wilder RM, Winter MD. The threshold of ketogenesis. J Biol Chem. (1922) 52:393–401.
16. Withrow CD. The ketogenic diet: mechanism of anticonvulsant action. Adv Neurol. (1980) 7:635–42.
Copyright © 2018 Zilberter and Zilberter. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


Before revealing several strategies for how to hunt a deer bedding area, maybe we should back up a bit; should you even hunt a deer bedding area in the first place? It has been nearly 10 years, but I was at a seminar in PA and listened to a well-known whitetail speaker who made a statement that, "if you shoot a mature buck during the morning, you are lucky". It was an eye opening statement at the time because nearly any successful mature buck hunter that I knew, harvested a high % of their bucks during the morning hours. Now looking back with years of reflection on my side, the statement that was made was just a sign of changing times; a time where "you knew what you knew, and what you knew was fact". With the age of social media and the immediate availability of an explosion of whitetail information, common threads of experience and truth can be shared openly and honestly like never before. Proven strategies concerning how to hunt a deer bedding area are certainly no exception!
I encourage you to not only practice the strategies of hunting a bedding area, but to scout, create and plan in advance for the incredible opportunities that bedding area hunting has to offer.
In the video below, you'll see how I hunt a hinge cut bedding area on my SW Wisconsin parcel.
Bedding areas are meant to be taken advantage of, and hunted. That doesn't mean that every bedding area is actually huntable, but instead that there is no other location that a wise old monster is vulnerable within, than when he is in his most sacred portion of habitat; his bedding area. During the rut, mature bucks move several hours during the morning hours, and often an hour or less during the afternoon. I personally believe that bucks cruise more during the morning hours because of the drastic difference in temperature when compared to the hours of afternoon. For example, a 27 degree start to the morning may still feature temperatures in the 30s at noon, even if the afternoon high will reach 58 degrees. As soon as the daytime high is fast approaching, I have experienced that mature bucks take a seat fairly quickly.
It may seem too easy to just simply conclude that you have several times more opportunity to harvest a monster during the morning hours than evening, however I have greatly enjoyed experiencing the morning wanderings of mature bucks for over 25 years, and it works! How does that have anything to do with hunting a deer bedding area? Because although the distance a buck may bed may be a mile or more away from his evening food and social locations, he is most likely spending the majority of his morning and the rest of daylight hours, in his bedding area. Often a mature buck seems unhuntable, but it is often because hunters aren't bringing the hunt to the buck. While focusing on a hunting strategy that includes a buck's sacred bedding area, you can plan on the high potential of spending a greater amount of time in a deer stand within close proximity to a mature buck, regardless of where he feeds and socializes during the evening hours.
Slipping quietly into a pre-set tree stand like a deadly predator, is one of the best ways to ambush a "Nocturnal Buck". By catching him returning late to his bedding area during the morning hours, the element of surprise can be fully on your side. Mature bucks are not nocturnal, they only appear that way because many hunters hunt too far away from a buck's bedding area to witness predictable daylight movements. Hunting a mature buck's lare is one of the best ways to turn a buck that appears nocturnal, into a daylight walking giant that crosses in front of your bow stand.
*Have you fallen victim to the tales of nocturnal bucks? Read these myth busting tips in,"Nocturnal Buck Strategies".
How To Hunt A Deer Bedding Area?
Hunting a bedding area requires a much higher attention to detail than when hunting a daytime cruising area, or evening food source movement. The details are within the exact location of the bedding area itself, which either needs to be highly scouted, or intensely created and defined. By finding a major food source and locating adjacent doe family group bedding areas you are on the right path for figuring out where a mature buck will bed. I have experienced that a buck will nearly always relate to consistent doe bedding areas. He will typically bed away from, and behind the doe family group bedding areas; which is even further away from the evening food source. The natural deer bedding alignment often features an extremely defined structure of a major food source first, then doe bedding opportunities, and finally mature buck bedding. Once you recognize the orderly structure of bedding, it is time to hunt!
The more highly defined a bedding area is, the easier it is to hunt. While entering a pre-set hang-on stand it is critical to stay well away from the food and doe bedding portions of the natural bedding alignment. By first defining the exact acres (or less) that include the bedding area, your goal is to slip into the downwind edge or adjacent funnel, and wait for the sun to rise! Many times I have had to walk a 1/2 hour or more out of my way, to access a stand only 10 minutes from the vehicle because I know that I spook the entire deer movement, my hunt will end before it even begins.
Now at times I may seem "anti-climbing stand" but I am not, having used climbers on over 20 sits on public land in OH last year alone, as well as a few in WI. However they often can be a very poor choice for the level of stealth required for hunting bedding areas. Often a buck is already near or around his bedding area when you enter your stand during the morning hours, and your entrance can not include any unnatural noise. That includes during the walk in, the set up and the climb. I live by the practice that one metalic ting or out of place sound, can spook a mature buck at least 200-300 yards from the place of the noise, in effect ruining your hunt before it even becomes daylight. Hunting a bedding area requires absolute stealth (I actually hunt that way no matter where I sit), with it being critical that you can get in and out of your stands while making little to no sound at all. Using a climber is a disadvantage, but often on public land, in heavy hunter traffic areas, or due to last minute scouting findings a hunter has to use a climber. If you are going to try deer bedding area hunting, I would strongly recommend pre-set stands, including hang-ons, ladders and tri-pods. Not that you can't get the job done with a climber, but that in my experience you will end up with a lower level of overall opportunities.
A pre-set stand also allows you the potential to leave no scent behind you when you hunt. You simply have to walk to a tree, clip your bow in, possibly attach your lifeline, and climb. No fiddling with cables, clasps, bungees, straps or otherwise anything else that requires you to stand for a minute or more, and saturate the base of your tree with human scent. I even go so far as to to avoid the bottom steps with my hands if possible. Getting in and out without a trace is not only important for your first-time sit in a bedding stand, but during follow hunts to maintain the value of your sits for the rest of the season as well. I believe we as hunters actually spook more deer after we leave a stand because of lingering human scent, than we do while sitting in a stand during the hunt.
*Paying attention to the tips in this article for how to hunt a deer bedding area, paid off in a big way while on the hunt for this 15 point beauty! Read all about it in, "Morning Sneak Tactics for Mature Bucks".
It is nearly impossible to hunt a deer bedding area during the afternoon because the mature buck that may be using the daytime hotspot, is most likely already there. At the same time if you manage to slip into the downwind side of a bedding area for a great morning hunt, the potential of your success decreases as the hours continue to inch closer to the evening darkness.
1. Early season bow hunt chances. This is a great time to take a couple of jabs at your favorite bedding area, well before moving in for the knock out during the pre rut or rut. If you have at least 4 weeks before your rut hunting becomes serious, don't be afraid to take a chance, in particular if your game cameras are showing high quality shooting hour movements coming from the direction of the bedding area.
2. Pre-Rut and Rut. Make sure to pay attention to frosty, toe numbing mornings that follow a major cold front! This is by far my #1 time to harvest a mature buck. However, precision is key. Make sure that you don't hinder your potential for a high quality sit only a few days away during a cold morning, by entering too early during a warm weather sit (regardless of the moon phase) during the previous day. Patience is key.
3. What about the "October Lull" or late season? With the exception of the early bow season and rut, the potential for success during an early morning sit is extremely low, often paling in comparison to an evening sit that relates to feeding patterns. I still like to take a sit during this time of the year, in particular if the structure of deer alignment that I will be sitting within, does not relate to a higher value evening sit within the same movement. Also, during late season morning bedding area sits, you can often experience some great success if you wait for warm mornings that follow extremely frigid and frozen mornings. Opposite of early season and rut hunts, deer will often be bedded an immobile during the coldest portion of the day, which is during the morning. Earlier in the year warm mornings will set up and increase the value of a cold morning sit, while late in the year a series of cold mornings set up and increase your odds during a warm morning.
*Early morning sits during the rut can be pretty cold! For some great tips on staying warm in the deer stand, check out "Staying Warm in the Deer Stand".
Hunting deer bedding areas has accounted for the harvest of over 80% of my top 25 bucks. Each year no matter if I am hunting a public or private land giant, I am continually seeking my next great morning bedding area stand location. Maybe with the explosion of online information you are already well aware, and even experiencing your own level of early morning success. Maybe what you knew to be fact in the past has been altered to new levels of truth, with your exposure to the wealth of information at your fingertips; even on your cell phone! But if you haven't done so already, make sure to include a good portion of bedding area sits within your personal hunting strategy this Fall.
Buck and Doe Bedding Locations...why here, and why there?


Race, ethnicity and culture expressed in art.
This painting still needs work, but I wanted to see what it would look like online and solicit comments.
There is a lot more work to be done, especially on the clothing.
The photo of this boy was taken in Madurai, Tamil Nadu at the Meenakshi Temple. In the south of India holding the hands together in greeting is called namaskaram which is the same as namaste.
This price includes tax and shipping within the US.
This young girl was standing on the side of a canal in the backwaters of Kerala, India. I was attracted to her impish face and kohl lined eyes. The kumkum mark on her forehead means she has been at a religious festival.
Her actual corsage was made from ribbons, but I changed it to orchids because so many are cultivated in Kerala.
Extreme monsoons and flooding are laying waste to this state and its people now, August, 2018.
size - 20" x 20" x 2"
This is a Sadhu or holy man I encountered outside the Sri Meenakshi Temple in Madurai, Kerala, India. Sadhus are religious ascetics respected by Hindus and Jains. There are Kumkuma powder markings on his face.
size - 18" x 24" x 1"
size - 20" x 20" x 1"
Julia knit sweaters for Hallet Handknits during the 1980's. She is wearing the typical apron and bowler style hat used by the Quechua Indians of the altiplano. Note the circular knitting needles. This made the finished sweater seamless at the sides.
This Pa O woman is a towel seller from Myanmar. She has a towel wrapped around her head and in her arms are more towels. The turban head dress is typical and often red.
The Pa O are the seventh largest ethnic minority in Burma and the second largest in the Shan State. They are believed to be of Tibeto-Burman lineage, and share the language and culture of the Karen people.
Unlike the Rohingya, they are a recognized ethnic group in Burma and Buddhist. However, due to military conflicts and lack of economic opportunity, many Pa O have migrated to northern Thailand.
This is an oil painting from a photo I took in Myanmar of a local woman selling avocados. Note that the light yellow line on the nose and right side of the face is not a highlight, but thanaka cream that is used for sun protection and as make-up.
Locals rub the bark of a tree on round stones and add water to make this paste for use by men, women and children.
I love to try and capture people in photos and then make them into art, in this case oil paint. This man was standing on a beach of the Irrawaddy River in Myanmar at sunset. He actually has on a t-shirt that says NASA. I did not paint the logo, but that t-shirt has definitely traveled!
This is one of my favorite pictures from Cambodia.
There are 200 carved stone heads in the 12th century Bayon temple of Angkor Thom outside Siem Reap, Cambodia. I love that they are all smiling.
I plan to make this photograph a painting soon!
I visited the Las Lajas center near Cienfuegos, Cuba in June 2016 and saw this boy. I was touched by his "old soul" look. A member of our tour group had just given him an oversized SF 49rs hat. It sits heavily on his head. He is wearing a shirt that was made from a sack so the brand new hat is in stark contrast. The background is a colonial blue door typical in Cuba.
Young Cuban boy standing in the doorway at the Casino de Cuba Santaria building. Note the faded colonial blue of the frame.
Santeria (Way of the Saints) is an Afro-Caribbean religion based on Yoruba beliefs and traditions, with some Roman Catholic elements added. The religion is also known as La Regla Lucumi and the Rule of Osha.
Santeria is a syncretic religion that grew out of the slave trade in Cuba.
size - 16" x 20" x 1"
Marsha Hallet's original oils are for sale and priced as indicated. Tax and shipping within the continental US is included in the price.
Additionally, archival giclee reproductions can be ordered. Please complete the contact form for information about individual portrait sizes and prices in giclee.
Or contact me to commission a portrait for you. See examples of family portraits here.
My paintings and photographs are of people with whom I have had a conversation and a momentary connection and who have given me permission to take their photo.
My passion is to preserve images of people not yet transformed by globalization. Before acculturation takes hold, I want to document people who live a traditional life.
I hope you find beauty in the diversity of these world faces.
My educational background includes a Bachelor of Arts degree from Stanford and an MBA from the Anderson School at UCLA. I have 30 years of experience in the fashion industry as a sweater designer and successful entrepreneur.
I am currently in a two year docent training program for the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco in 2018.
I have studied drawing and painting at City College San Francisco and the College of Marin. My paintings and drawings have been selected for several juried shows at City College San Francisco, College of Marin, and the Marin County Fair.


The food we offer is made from carefully selected ingredients which offer the highest quality of both local and Mediterranean traditions.
Your completely redesigned restaurant with its cosmopolitan cuisine. Trendy atmosphere with show kitchen and a terrace, surrounded by high palm trees and a lush garden. A lively, casual atmosphere, permeated by magnificent scents of Mediterranean products. A large choice of wine, which you can choose directly from the wine library. We prepare year round seasonal dishes, daily from 7 am to 9.30 pm. Buon appetito!
Like our Ticino region, the Grotto is an ideal place to enjoy beautiful summer days at a relaxed pace. Enjoy the traditional local fare and crisp summer salads while surrounded by an oasis of greenery in the Belvedere, seated at stone tables under a vine-decked pergola.


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To Improve State of Education in Rural India, Let's First Provide Reliable Access to Electricity
Posted on December 9, 2021 by Smart Power India
A device as simple as ceiling fan that provides ventilation on hot days can be the make-or-break decision that keeps a recalcitrant student in school.
It is no secret that Indian education is in need of reforms, particularly from an infrastructural standpoint. Many schools run out of dilapidated and inaccessible buildings with rooms that are often too small for class sizes. One limitation that affects students, especially in rural areas, is the lack of access to reliable electricity. And, its ramifications on education are tremendous. Lack of electricity can affect multiple educational parameters, such as attendance, dropout rates and learning outcomes. Electrification efforts thus have the capacity to transform the state of rural education.
The availability of electricity has always been an issue in rural areas. While the government recently reached its target of 100 per cent electrification of villages, this does not paint the full picture. First, the criteria for 'electrification' do not cover the extent to which households in any given village have access to electricity. More importantly, the 100 per cent figure does not describe the quality or reliability of the electricity being provided—50 per cent of rural households experience 8 hours of power cuts a day.
EDUCATION AND ELECTRIFICATION
This lack of access to affordable, reliable and high-quality energy in rural areas directly affects education in a variety of ways. Access to electricity means that teachers and students can utilise technology. This does not mean only computers; a device as simple as ceiling fan that provides ventilation on hot days can be the make-or-break decision that keeps a recalcitrant student in school.
Outside the classroom, electricity can extend the studying time of students. Electricity and electrical appliances can also ensure certain household activities are done quickly, which can provide students more time to study. Electrification has other advantages too—it can encourage women and young girls to step out with more confidence, through enabling security measures like street lighting and CCTV cameras. Overall, the cumulative benefits of electricity access tend to spill over into education—after all, a healthy and stress-free child makes for a better and more engaged student.
Further, COVID-19 pandemic has re-emphasised the importance of access to electricity. Due to lockdowns, schools were forced to pivot to remote learning models, which are entirely contingent on access to electricity. Many students, or for that matter, households do not even have access to a digital device and even if they do, it is often a single device shared by multiple people. In such circumstances, it is difficult for students to continue their education, even with access to electricity. Without it, the situation only becomes that much more difficult. This is without getting into the exponential impact seen when teachers do not have access to electricity.
However, the situation is not just doom and gloom— there is light around the corner. The Indian government has prioritised building India's energy capacity as a national goal with a special emphasis on renewable energy. By targeting all stages of electrification, from generation to transmission to distribution, it will be possible to improve access and quality in rural areas as well.
The first priority should be improving the health of state-owned distribution companies (discoms). They act as the final point of delivery for electricity distribution and will be pivotal in serving rural areas. Unfortunately, many of them have been chronically mismanaged for decades and have poor standards of operation and low rates of revenue collection. As such, many of them do not have the health or incentive to service rural areas—fixing discoms would thus benefit rural areas without the complicated task of installing new technologies.
However, new technologies are the future of the energy sector. The doomsday clock is ticking as effects of climate change grow more pronounced each year. Although exact timelines are unclear, it is obvious to most people that usage of fossil fuels has to be replaced with renewables. One application of renewable energy that will be pivotal to rural electrification is Decentralised Renewable Energy (DRE).
DRE technologies like rooftop solar panels, micro- or mini-grids and rechargeable batteries are the ideal solutions to fill the gap. DRE can provide electricity to households that are not even connected to the grid, and could thus serve extremely remote areas that may not be financially viable for discoms. In those areas where electricity is available but power cuts are frequent, it can fill the gap during power cuts.
Just to be clear, electrification will be no panacea for rural education and needs to be accompanied by other measures, like increasing the capacity of schools and improving the quality of teaching. However, it is undeniable that electrification is a necessary foundation for these efforts to take shape, especially when e-learning and blended learning models of teaching are becoming popular. It is vital that this foundation be laid out while India's population is still young and growing. If achieved, it has the potential to help transform the country. It also certainly doesn't hurt that electrification can transform other areas like healthcare, industrial performance and work productivity.
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text:
India's security challenges shape society and politics
As the world's largest democracy goes to the polls, it faces many social and security challenges. Here is a breakdown of the major issues that politicians will have to negotiate after the votes have been counted.
Image: Reuters/J. Dey
Caste conflicts
The caste system is an ancient social hierarchy that still influences social norms in India. It is technically outlawed by the Indian constitution, but political parties often take advantage of caste differences. Low-caste Dalits comprise 15-20% of India's population. Many political parties claim to stand for Dalit rights, although attempts at social reform often fade once leaders are elected.
Image: Getty Images/Hindustan Times
Religious intolerance
Although India is a secular state, Hindus and Muslims clash over several issues. Under the current government, fringe groups have often invoked India's Islamic history and the consumption of beef as a reason to instigate violence against low-caste Hindus and Muslims. Pictured here are members of a right-wing Hindu group calling for a temple to be built on the former site of a mosque.
Image: Getty Images/AFP/S. Hussain
Violence in Kashmir
India and Pakistan both claim the Kashmir region in full but rule it in part. Since 1947, they have fought three wars over the region. Since 1989, separatist groups have been fighting Indian forces in India-administered Kashmir. The latest attack, in February 2019, unleashed new tension between the neighbors. Critics accused Indian PM Modi of using the incident for political gain.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/AA/F. Khan
Maoist insurgency
Left-wing Maoist rebels in India's tribal areas accuse the government of selling off land belonging to indigenous tribes. Under a banner of social injustice, they form militias and attack state security forces and political leaders. Rebels often disrupt elections with attacks. On Tuesday, rebels killed a Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) legislator in rural Chhattisgarh state with a roadside bomb.
Image: picture-alliance/AP Photo/M. Quraishi
Demographic tension in the northeast
For decades, India's northeastern states have dealt with illegal immigration. In Assam state last year, a citizenship list reportedly excluded 4 million people who were unable to provide valid documents. In January, a bill that would grant immigrant Hindus citizenship in Assam unleashed protest and was criticized by local politicians as a political ploy by the BJP to boost its Hindu voter base.
Border dispute with China
China lays claim to parts of eastern India, and the two countries had a border standoff in 2017 over Chinese road construction. Nevertheless, Indian PM Modi has wanted to replicate China's model of development for India. But despite China's rising influence, relations with Beijing are not an election issue, at least not for Modi who prefers to ride on nationalist sentiments.
Image: Diptendu Dutta/AFP/Getty Images
India's suffering farmers
India's farmers have long suffered from sinking crop prices and plummeting agricultural growth. Last year, after thousands of farmers demonstrated in New Dehli, PM Modi announced new schemes for the rural sector in his 2019 election manifesto. However, analysts say farmers feel betrayed by Modi's government and this could damage him politically.
Image: picture alliance/AP Photo
Apoorva Agrawal | Manasi Gopalakrishnan
04/11/2019 April 11, 2019
https://p.dw.com/p/3Gbqt
Manasi Gopalakrishnan Journalist and editor from India, compulsive reader of books.


लोक पंचायत –अक्तूबर 2011 का अंक पढ़ने के लिए यहाँ क्लिक करें.
Bharatiya Janata Party MP and spokesman Prakash Javdekar blames Central Government for corruption. He spoke to LOK PANCHAYAT on various issues on anti-corruption movement of Anna Hazare.
How do you see the movement of Anna Hazare?
Union Minister of State for Human Resource Development Daggubati Purandeswari gives an exclusive interview to LOK PANCHAYAT.
As Union HRD Minister, how far are you near the ministry's education-for-all goal?


text:
Rhodes to the Past
by James Rhodes, Historian
Contact / Media Enquiries
Buy My Book 🕮
The murder of Barbara Waterhouse, 1891
On the morning of Saturday 6 June 1891, six-year old Barbara Waterhouse went out to play and to look at the shops in Horsforth Town Street. Her family never saw her alive again. She simply vanished. The Police and local community frantically searched for her for the next few days but there was no sign of her.
In the early hours of 11 June 1891, a Police officer on patrol noticed a small bundle lying in Alexander Street, near Leeds Town Hall. He was sure that it had not been there when he last passed by. Upon closer inspection, he discovered to his horror that the bundle was the severely mutilated body of a child wrapped in a woman's shawl.
Later that day, the body was identified as that of missing Barbara. She had sustained multiple stab wounds, her intestines protruded from her body and her head and limbs were almost severed from her torso.
The ferocity and method of the assault immediately drew comparisons with the Jack the Ripper killings that were terrorising Londoners at that time. The actual culprit, however, turned out to be a Horsforth man, Walter Turner. His mother had helped him dispose of the body (wittingly or not) but eventually gave evidence against him.
Turner was subsequently convicted of Barbara's murder and hanged at Armley Gaol on 18 August 1891.
For more Leeds stories click here
Follow the blog on Facebook to receive a daily "On this day" Leeds history story.
Published with the kind permission of the British Newspaper Archive.
Published by James Rhodes
History blogger #twitterstorian Follow me on Twitter @rh0desy	View all posts by James Rhodes
History, Horsforth, Leeds
Horsforth, Leeds, local history
A brief history of the suffragette movement in Leeds
The Leeds City & United footballer who won Olympic gold and met Mussolini.
"History of Beeston" by Jim Marsden (2)
Horsforth (19)
Leeds sport (6)
Leeds United (1)
Leeds weather (1)
Leeds women (10)
Rhodes family (3)
Round about Rawdon (19)
Time travelling employment lawyer (8)
World War Two (14)
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A platform for political and contemporary reflections on being 'different'. Dissident structures are examined within virtual and architectural spaces. The question is whether the extensions of those spaces are relating to the body? Do they serve as mirrors or can they be turned into virtual reflective and poetic expressions? Do they break the mirror with concrete physical performative actions and exhibitions? Dissindency is a collaboration between Shelbatra Jashari, Adisak Jirasakassem, Ana Dragic in a pole-boxing platform designed by Samyra Moumouh.
19 - 22 May Contributing to "Zen and the art of making tech work for you"
A burlesque ritual with acts, readings, music and voice.
Planète Concrète embraces experimentation and embodies failure; the (anti)glam of a music stage.
Planète Concrète is an open, interdisciplinary, queer collective, using music, performance and visual elements.
Planète Concrète invites you for an open audio-virtual improvisation.
sKybox is a workspace and a multipurpose room open to creative achievements that experiment, invent, create and show support of various projects.
Axoloti is a platform that blends sketching of digital audio algorithms with the musical playability of standalone hardware. Johannes Taelman show a democase and together we install the latest release.
WALKER is an experiential mode stalking as a possibility for playful exploration within the group. Walker is made of several objects that can be used in a participative manner for playful discovery of gestural processes, stalking and creating words. Just like aliens have left-over objects on a roadside picnic we do not know exactly what walker produces when people use it. All that we know. It is a bunch of nodes that transmit data, connected through wireless network; exchanging rhythms / language / then process words and sound from those exchanges between different persons.
beings also reflect the object. Saori Kuno explores these mutual relationships.
ROGGBIV Is a performative appetizer, group matching mixing with eatable colors. Limited choices, unlimited tasting.
Tara Pattenden works with her Phantom Chips project on "wearable" electronics in combination with noise and chaos. On 16th of May she shows how electronic circuits and noisemakers are build and integrated in costumes. Isabel Tezfazghi introduces her soft sculptures made by weaving and knitting techniques. In psychedelic colors, patterns and repetition they process their own language, and together the ritual. A thread, yarn and knitted tubes mixed with noise and electronics delude our senses.
MakeHuman is a popular open source 3D computer graphics middleware for the modelling of 3-Dimensional humanoid characters. The software is developed by a community of programmers, modellers and academics.
A signature feature of the MakeHuman interface is a set of horizontal sliders, suggesting that by interpolating settings for gender, race, weight and age, any 'human' representation can be 'made'. While the neat arrangements of parameters for operating on uncomparable and interconnected properties is already troubling in itself, further inspection reveals an extremely limited topology, rendering the promise of infinite possibillities a mere illusion... Despite the suggestion that 'the digital' dis-burdens bodies from normative representational parameters, software like MakeHuman actually operates on problematic categorical divisions that are all-too familiar.
Three people coming from different backgrounds - Femke from media-design, Xavier rom animation-art and Adva from dance and choreography -, inquire through this software the relationship between gender, body and technology . They present a 'report on the report', and test out, discuss a performative lecture in the making not only conveying words, but actions and images as well.
´The Particular Unity of Same and Other´ is a performance developed in Jogjakarta, Indonesia. Paul Hendrikse researched how encounters with "others" by trade, war and during periods of colonization gave specific input upon the Indonesian culture and, more specifically, on the body. He studied how dance and martial arts use these foreign influences. By mimicking and adopting animal behavior and movements of ´strangers´ the Indonesians annexed these movements and turned them into defending strategies, creating a creole body-culture.
Performers: Nita Liem and Rendra Bagus Pamungkas.
This work was generously supported by Stroom, Den Haag, Mondrian Fund and the Royal Netherlands Embassy in Brussels.
The project 'Recipes for Disaster' cooks up some crucial questions about classification and control: How do we cope with chaos in our daily lives? How to free ourselves from the quarantine of our own bathroom? How to argue for a messy and less sterile life in times of Ebola?
On Thursday 2 July from 16:00, Gosie Vervloesem opens a postpasteurian atelier, a workshop for bacteria and other microrganisms.
bolwerK is a non-exclusive and temporal constellation that has been initiating, mediating, facilitating, curating and appropriating local and international projects since 1998. Its 'open' network is the basis for collaboration on relevant issues. Social environments are created, not for streamlining ideas, but in order to formulate shared/common questions and hence feed a sense of communality. 'Open source' is a philosophy not a pragmatic methodology to expand these questions into practice. For the past ten years collaborations have given bolwerK the right to exist as a key organization between arts and culture agents, socio-cultural organizations, alternative initiatives and a growing potential of active thinkers, artists and citizens.
Axoloti is a platform that blends sketching of digital audio algorithms with the musical playability of standalone hardware.
Artan Balaj has a BA and MA degree in painting at the Faculty of Arts - University of Prishtina in Prishtina/Kosovo. Completed Courses of Photography and Cultural Management. Author, director and coordinator of several projects. Currently working as Crew Coach in Parlamentarium – Visitors Center of the European Parliament in Brussels/Belgium.He was a teaching professor of "Anatomy for artists" at AAB University in Prishtina/Kosovo.
Ash Bowland is a photographer who is gazing in the boundary between fiction and non-fiction, the boundary between the staging and reality.
Jo Caimo is a visual artist, musician, radio maker, and inventor of superfluous objects and instruments. His work situates itself in the margin between performance, music, installation and the digital world. In many works he tries to define a border of a medium (or object) or a border of our senses. This can go from a website with the recordings of the sound of every position of a metronome towards the 'unstable' live performance of swallowing a bluetooth-microphone , or by putting the sun live on the internet.
Hou Chien Cheng's work focuses on autobiography personal mythologies and micro-historical investigation.; on both visual practice and theoretical research. All projects focus on the examination of people, namely, the translation of their concerns into performative sculptures, texts or installations. Self-representation is extremely important to him to investigate and clarify fundamental concepts by which the individual and the world can be understood.
Jurgen Desmet is an audio-visual artist that creates a vast auditorial universe of mainly sample-based sound and vision. Throughout his work he's hailing imagery with influences of stoic, classical iconography, intercontinental graphics, symbolism and typography ; excecuted with post-modern technics, abandonded technology and new media. The result is a projective, fabricated universe of altered egos, technological glitch, advertising parody ; translated in 3D, sculpture, sound, paper, videoloops, ... A constant investigative research in historical and cultural parallels that form a leading thread throughout existence.
Domestic Science Club Gosie Vervloessem experiments with the laws of physics for domestic use. Her work focuses on observing natural phenomena and asking questions about it. "Everything seems so logic, but what is the logic behind it?" The first stage of the attempt to understand the underlying laws is the re-creating of the phenomena as a miniature/a scale model. But how real can a scale model be and what is its status?
Ana Dragic is an independent art manager and curator. After returning from United States, as Fellow of the Open Society Foundation Undergraduate Exchange program, she switches her professional focus from Journalism to Cultural Management, initiating successful collaborations with young Kosovar artists. Since 2011. she coordinated several intercultural artistic collaborations and become specialised in organizing inter/multi/trans-disciplinary art events. Her main fields of interest are: Contemporary Dance, Multimedia Arts and Participatory Art. Dragic is currently a co-curator of Mikser Festival in her hometown Belgrade.
GIRLS LIKE US is an independent magazine turning the spotlight on an international expanding community of women from all genders within arts, culture and activism. Through personal stories, essays and vanguard visuals GIRLS LIKE US unfolds feminist legacies in arts and writing. Mixing politics with pleasure, the magazine is mapping new routes towards a feminist, post-gender future.
HEIMAT is a multidisciplinary design studio, founded by architect Pieter Boons in 2007. It specializes in developing exhibition concepts, both substantive and scenographic.
Hello Shelly is a burlesque character, an iconic view on femininity and sexuality. It is the result of researching presentations on burlesque culture and world class pop queen character known as Hello Kitty.
Paul Hendrikse is a visual artist who explores the interface between historiography and fiction. His projects are mostly centered on historic persons who have left a mark in the public realm. Leaving aside the master narratives of history and their polished protagonists, he turns towards the micro stories of individuals and towards the uncertainties, myths, speculations and distorting representations surrounding them.
Pieter Heremans is an excavator of digital artefacts and skipper wannabe. He facilitated the hackerspace Brussels in void*ptr (voidpointer, a space for untyped, Currently he is involved in t Experimental Media Research group at St-Lukas Antwerp.
Pepa Ivanova employs perceptual phenomena such as afterimages, depth perception, spatial mapping and light contrast, in contexts, which provoke an initial disillusionment, she deconstructs the phenomenon of perception, bringing awareness to the discrepancies between our unprocessed sensory input and the mind facilitated construction of our environment.
Shelbatra Jashari is a conceptual multimedia artist, actress and performer who works cross-medially in film, movement, sound, space and text. Her work researches the sculptural elements of the human body, the human condition and it's representation in various political and thinking systems.
Adisak Jirasakkasem is a fashion designer from Bangkok, Thailand, currently exploring the territory where fashion and character designing collide.
Karin Orisa is a performance group in which Erin Helsen (BE), Katinka de Jonge (NL), Isabel Tesfazghi (DE) are using their voices as an instrument. Uttering their inner sounds they find organically and playfull an universal language, depending on the vibes of the surroundings and the audience, we flow with, tune in.
Margareth Kaserer is an artist, writer and neo-farmer with an affinity for gardens, performance art, experimental set-ups and queer culture. She is a founder of Hotel Amazonas, an artist residency and festival in the mountains of North Italy, and of Planète Concrète.
Saori Kuno works on the transduction of materials and situations by using simple strategies of the system and formats for everyday practices, aesthetics and values. Her series of objects and installations are composed by simple materials, industrially produced parts and products which are submitted to reproducible processes with integrative meanings to reflect upon. Her works have been exhibited at Basis (Frankfurt), Marres (Maastricht); M HKA (Antwerp), Royal Academy of Fine Art (Antwerp), Herman Teirlinckhuis (Beersel) and Extra City (Antwerp).
KD85 is a distributor of open hardware solutions with a focus on innovators and early adopters.
MADmoizel is a french Expressionist-Synth artist! She plays 80's feel beats on electronic stations, synthesizer and sings like a Punk-Diva. Influences: D. Bowie, L. Anderson, K. Bush, N. Hagen, New order... She provides a powerful live act and performs all over Europe (Berlin, Paris, Amsterdam, Madrid, Brussels...). 2 EPs recorded in Germany: "Dame de France" (06/2010), "Lady Dandy" (06/ 2012).
Enad Marouf is a performance artist based in Frankfurt. After studying international law in Damascus university, Syria, he moved to Germany to study choreography and performance He worked for the Forsythe company as an artistic assistant for the piece "yes, we can't". He is as well a member of New Forms of Life, They have made installations and performances.He uses mediums of performance and installation as means of creating another visual and linguistic experience to rethink current economical structures, politics and technologies that governs our contemporary life.
Donna Metzlar (Cape Town, 1969) wanted to become a farmer when she was little, but ended up doing a Social Science degree (English and Sociology) at UCT in the 80s and later a nursing degree in Rotterdam. Finally she taught herself some ICT stuff and has worked in the sector for over 12 years. She's co-founder of the Eclectic Tech Carnival and Girl Geek Dinner Amsterdam, and core member of the Genderchangers.
Samyra Moumouh is DEVISING A [temporal] ~ [spatial] SCHEME WITHIN VARIABLE MAGNITUDES |.
Tara Pattenden works in the field of analog electronics, noise performance and soft circuitry. She has been making noise and mess for over 15 years performing with kunt, monster zoku onsomb and as schmelfhelp.
Paula pin is a transhackfeminist performer/ researcher. Her work ranges from drawing to abstract video to circuit bending to investigations at the frontiers of biology, art and queer science.
Pechblenda is the transhackfeminist hardlab where they continue generating knowledge and technological autonomy. Across disciplines they wish to enter fully into the matter of a multiple body, be it organic, artificial or fusion of both. Biosophy Biopunk that fractalize into numerous and prolific research lines and biopolitical practices. The experimental laboratory of bio-electro-chemical Petchblenda is the common place to hold our rituals and our practical knowledge derive alchemically with the desire to create new hybrid organisms, moments of affinity and quantum dissonance. Techno-witches rituals, akelarres cyborg and acid noise with Transnoise and Quimera Rosa, Klau and Julito, Beka y Manolo, Oskoff y Carlos.
Natacha Roussel When I offer a number of connected and measuring props I engage the public in interventions searching for collective signs and exchanges.
Erin Helsen is a artist-artist active in MAGMA, a continuous growing group off individual artists, scanning and reflecting a in-between interlude, touching edgy comfortzones, together with sKybox collaberating and transforming selforganising structures in one production house.
Oona Prinsen is searching for new infrastructural educational methods, making conscious and autonomous students by making a greener environment. Color coding and experiment are the basics for cooking and a lost love called painting.
Strangelove is a first and foremost a film festival, but also offer a tasty platter of music, performance and visual art where 'Strange', 'cult', 'weird' and 'gender' are the terms used to define a story.
Isabel Tesfazghi makes soft sculptures with textile craftmanship. Using old knitting weaving techniques, she creates a new planet in her own cosmos: rituals, sounds, imagery, motions, language and ancient knowledge for new times: Future Primitive.
Katerina Undo is an audiovisual artist mostly concerned in creating intermedia works with a particular interest in exploring the acoustics frontiers. Her work is introducing a conceptual turn toward additional ways of sound transmission-perception.
Marthe Van Dessel is an activist and performer who creates interfaces, devices & protocols to instigate our urban and institutional hardware. She engages in the administrative, cultural, political dimension of personal and collective identities. By triggering intersubjective alliances she confronts the 'self & other' to the commons, co-authorship and the redistribution into the public domain.
Wendy Van Wynsberghe artist, tinkerer, member of Floss arts lab Constant vzw, sound & field recorder, fauna adept, part of the lively and chaotic Brussels realm, fascinated by protocol in all shapes and sizes, avid free software user, pro open licences such as the Free arts license for artwork, frankenscript coder, physical computing aficionado, net neutrality custodian, dabbling in embroidery, crochet & knitting (with or without eTextiles).
Lize Verlooy is a multidisciplinair artist, performer and futureshamanist which creates sculptures, visuals and installations based on mythological and archetypical events mengled with contemporary topics, science ; gentechnology and nukes. Her work is a research in the essence of life, gender and male/female forces resulting in mechanical sculptures and recycled fairytailes to capture the structures of the soul, the fears, the expectations and animalities. During the last 15 years the work was in several european underground festivals and theaters she also became 'number 78' in the galaxies of Planète concrète.
Caroline Vincart is developing a discourse on the photographic wherein several means and limitations articulate its showing process. She uses parameters like 'distance' and 'intimacy' to create a framework in which her work can exist and come into existence. She explores the boundaries of abstraction and anecdote, yet is most of all fascinated by what lies in between. She is a longtime collaborator to bolwerK projects both as a documentalist and artist. Caroline is also known as Vinkenhart (tenor uku, guitar, synth) in Planète Concrète.
V+S Sophie Anson and Veronik Willems both studied at Sint-Lucas Antwerp, and working together since 2012 under the name of V & S. Their work in different media (paintings, videos, installations ...) is strongly influenced by both (classical) painting as (contemporary) mainstream media, and focuses on themes such as identity and influence. She recently exhibited in to Emergent (Furnes) and Front Room (Lier).
Chantal Yzermans is a dancer and choreographer who lived and worked in New York City from 2000 to 2006. She studied and worked rmet Merce Cunningham and his company in New York. In 2007 she returned to Europe and ever since she travels between Belgium and Spain. She has a fascination with movement as a choreographer in the study of the human body. That body is both subject and object in our society and experience historical, socio-political and cultural developments. Jan Fabre / Troubleyn offers Chantal Yzermans with her ensemble radical low, an artistic residency at since 2007 until today.
3dee Social innovative enterprise specialized in 3d scanning and printing introducing these technologies in educational environment.
Car: GPS: please fill in street Royersluis or crossroad Oosterweelsteenweg and Letlandstraat.


We are glad to welcome all the friends and admirers of the british breed of cats on our sit .
My name is Svetlana, I am the unique owner of this cattery Revival.
Cattery specializes in breeding of thoroughbred British shorthaired cats solid colors, having respectable European and Russia catteries as our partners !
Our purpose is modern type, powerful skeleton, the short plush wool, the counterbalanced character, etc.
Cattery Revival is cattery of the closed type, as we love our animals and we are responsible for their health.
The price of our kitten depends on their quality: pet-, breed-, and show-quality.
If a kitten has to be exported to abroad, those costs should be paid by the buyer.
Our cattery was born from love to this breed of cats.
We are hobby breeders. This means that all money from selling kittens we spend for our cats.
Our cats are not contained in the cells !
We do not send animals cargo!
nominated and get in Best!


text:
DEADLY CHRISTMAS: Man gunned down in Lawrence Heights
A man was shot to death Christmas Eve in the stairwell of a Lawrence Heights building.
Toronto Police responded to the building in the area of Replin and Flemington Rds. — near Allen Rd. and Lawrence Ave. W. — around 9:15 p.m. after receiving reports of shots fired.
A man in his 20s was found suffering from gunshot wounds and was taken to hospital where he died.
"This shooting is now a homicide," Const. Dave Hopkinson said Saturday.
The dead man, whose name was not immediately released, is the city's 83rd murder victim of the year and the 45th killed by a firearm.
There are reports that suspects were seen fleeing the area traveling south on foot, Hopkinson said.
Another shooting took place at 8 a.m. on Christmas Day at St Clair Ave. W. and Hilton Ave. — just east of Bathurst St.
Police say a car struck some other cars, fled the scene, and officers subsequently located a suspect armed with a gun in a vehicle in an underground parking lot.
Officers struggled with the man before taking him into custody.
Toronto Police identify city's 82nd murder of the year as a 21-year old man
Arrest in Scarborough nightclub shooting that killed 23-year-old man
MANDEL: Aspiring rapper senselessly 'executed' in 2017 Scarborough shooting
In another case, a man was wounded in a shooting at a house party in the area of Williams Pkwy. and Chinguacousy Rd. around 6 p.m. on Friday.
Police on scene located the victim and he was transported to a local hospital.
There was no suspect information.
'TARGETED STRATEGIES': Ontario homing in on unvaccinated population
STAR-STRUCK: Hollywood celeb owners attend first U.K. soccer match
Multiple shots fired at group of people near Jane and St. Clair
Hip-hop and deliverance
CRIME SCENE: Cops seize guns, cocaine, fentanyl


text:
Q: "A device attached to the system is not functioning" when reconnecting to XenApp 6 session A few of our XenApp 6 customers are seeing issue sometimes when users move from one workstation to another and try to connect to their running session.  An error box pops up with "A device attached to the system is not functioning"   This is on healthy 2008 R2 servers with all Citrix hotfixes applied.
After the error, the user's session must be logged out before they can get back in.  This was posted here: http://forums.citrix.com/thread.jspa?threadID=273457 , but is not answered.
There is nothing telling in the event logs, and it is an inconsistent problem.
Has anyone else seen this issue of found a fix?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
"""Arm(R) CMSIS-NN supported operators for Cortex-M."""
import tvm.ir
from tvm.target import Target
from tvm.relay import transform
from tvm.relay.build_module import bind_params_by_name

from ...dataflow_pattern import is_constant, is_op, wildcard
from .register import register_pattern_table

tvm._ffi._init_api("relay.ext.cmsisnn.transform", __name__)

def enabled():
    return "cmsis-nn" in Target.list_kinds()

def partition_for_cmsisnn(mod, params=None, **opts):
    """Partition the graph greedily offloading supported
    operators on Cortex-M using CMSIS-NN

    Parameters
    ----------
    mod : Module
        The module to run passes on.
    params : Optional[Dict[str, NDArray]]
        Constant input parameters.

    Returns
    -------
    ret : Module
        annotated and partitioned module.
    """
    if params:
        mod["main"] = bind_params_by_name(mod["main"], params)

    seq = tvm.transform.Sequential(
        [
            transform.InferType(),
            transform.MergeComposite(pattern_table()),
            transform.AnnotateTarget("cmsis-nn"),
            transform.PartitionGraph(),
            GenerateCMSISNNConstants(),
            ExtractConstantsFromPartitionedFunction(),
            transform.InferType(),
        ]
    )
    return seq(mod)

@register_pattern_table("cmsis-nn")
def pattern_table():
    """Get the CMSIS-NN compiler pattern table."""

    def qnn_softmax_pattern():
        """Create pattern for quantized softmax"""
        pattern = is_op("qnn.dequantize")(wildcard(), is_constant(), is_constant())
        pattern = is_op("nn.softmax")(pattern)
        pattern = is_op("qnn.quantize")(pattern, is_constant(), is_constant())
        return pattern

    def check_qnn_softmax(pattern):
        """Check if softmax is supported by CMSIS-NN."""
        dequantize_call = pattern.args[0].args[0]
        scale = pattern.args[1].data.numpy().item(0)
        zero_point = pattern.args[2].data.numpy().item(0)

        # check for dtypes of quantize and dequantize
        return (
            (scale == 1.0 / 256 and zero_point == -128)
            and pattern.attrs.out_dtype == "int8"
            and dequantize_call.args[0].checked_type.dtype == "int8"
        )

    def qnn_conv2d_pattern():
        """Create pattern for qnn.conv2D with optional fused relu."""
        qnn_conv2d = is_op("qnn.conv2d")(
            wildcard(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant()
        )
        bias_add = is_op("nn.bias_add")(qnn_conv2d, is_constant())
        req = is_op("qnn.requantize")(
            qnn_conv2d | bias_add, is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant()
        )
        clip_or_req = req.optional(is_op("clip"))
        return clip_or_req

    def check_qnn_conv2d(pattern):
        """Check if the Conv2D is supported by CMSIS-NN."""
        if str(pattern.op.name) == "clip":
            relu = pattern
            requantize = relu.args[0]
        else:
            requantize = pattern
        requantize_input = requantize.args[0]
        bias_add = None
        bias_dtype = "int32"
        if str(requantize_input.op.name) == "nn.bias_add":
            bias_add = requantize_input
            conv2d = bias_add.args[0]
            bias_dtype = bias_add.args[1].checked_type.dtype
        else:
            conv2d = requantize_input
        conv2d_input = conv2d.args[0]
        conv2d_weight = conv2d.args[1]

        # kernel zero_point should be 0
        kernel_zp = conv2d.args[3].data.numpy()
        kernel_zp = [kernel_zp] if kernel_zp.ndim == 0 else kernel_zp

        # check if depthwise Conv2D
        kernel_layout = conv2d.attrs.kernel_layout
        pos_o = kernel_layout.index("O")
        groups = conv2d.attrs.groups
        is_depthwise = False
        if groups == int(conv2d_input.checked_type.shape[3]) and groups == int(
            conv2d_weight.checked_type.shape[pos_o]
        ):
            is_depthwise = True

        return (
            conv2d.attrs.out_dtype == "int32"
            and int(conv2d.attrs.padding[0]) == int(conv2d.attrs.padding[2])
            and int(conv2d.attrs.padding[1]) == int(conv2d.attrs.padding[3])
            and conv2d_input.checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and conv2d_weight.checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and pattern.checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and bias_dtype == "int32"
            and all([zp == 0 for zp in kernel_zp])
            and (not is_depthwise or bias_add is not None)
        )

    def qnn_fully_connected_pattern():
        """Create pattern for qnn.dense with optional Relu."""
        qnn_fc = is_op("qnn.dense")(
            wildcard(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant()
        )
        bias_add = is_op("nn.bias_add")(qnn_fc, is_constant())
        req = is_op("qnn.requantize")(
            qnn_fc | bias_add, is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant(), is_constant()
        )
        clip_or_req = req.optional(is_op("clip"))
        return clip_or_req

    def check_qnn_fully_connected(pattern):
        """Check if the fully connected is supported by CMSIS-NN."""
        if str(pattern.op.name) == "clip":
            relu = pattern
            requantize = relu.args[0]
        else:
            requantize = pattern
        requantize_input = requantize.args[0]
        bias_add = None
        bias_dtype = "int32"
        if str(requantize_input.op.name) == "nn.bias_add":
            bias_add = requantize_input
            fc = bias_add.args[0]
            bias_dtype = bias_add.args[1].checked_type.dtype
        else:
            fc = requantize_input
        fc_input = fc.args[0]
        fc_weight = fc.args[1]

        # kernel zero_point should be 0
        kernel_zp = fc.args[3].data.numpy().item(0)

        return (
            fc.attrs.out_dtype == "int32"
            and fc_input.checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and fc_weight.checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and pattern.checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and bias_dtype == "int32"
            and kernel_zp == 0
        )

    def qnn_avg_pool2d_pattern():
        """Matches average pooling with optional Relu"""
        pattern = is_op("cast")(wildcard())
        pattern = is_op("nn.avg_pool2d")(pattern)
        pattern = is_op("cast")(pattern)
        pattern = pattern.optional(is_op("clip"))
        return pattern

    def check_qnn_avg_pool2d(pattern):
        """Check if avg pool2d is supported by CMSIS-NN."""
        in_cast = pattern
        out_cast = in_cast.args[0].args[0]
        return in_cast.checked_type.dtype == "int8" and out_cast.checked_type.dtype == "int32"

    def qnn_max_pool2d_pattern():
        """Matches max pool2d with optional Relu"""
        pattern = is_op("nn.max_pool2d")(wildcard())
        pattern = pattern.optional(is_op("clip"))
        return pattern

    def check_qnn_max_pool2d(pattern):
        """Check if max pool2d is supported by CMSIS-NN."""
        return True

    def binary_op_pattern(op):
        """Matches QNN binary operation"""
        return is_op(f"qnn.{op}")(
            wildcard(),
            wildcard(),
            is_constant(),
            is_constant(),
            is_constant(),
            is_constant(),
            is_constant(),
            is_constant(),
        )

    def check_qnn_binary_op(extract):
        """Check if multiply is supported by CMSIS-NN."""
        return (
            extract.args[0].checked_type.dtype == "int8"
            and extract.args[1].checked_type.dtype == "int8"
        )

    return [
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_conv2d", qnn_conv2d_pattern(), check_qnn_conv2d),
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_fully_connected", qnn_fully_connected_pattern(), check_qnn_fully_connected),
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_avg_pool2d", qnn_avg_pool2d_pattern(), check_qnn_avg_pool2d),
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_max_pool2d", qnn_max_pool2d_pattern(), check_qnn_max_pool2d),
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_mul", binary_op_pattern("mul"), check_qnn_binary_op),
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_add", binary_op_pattern("add"), check_qnn_binary_op),
        ("cmsis-nn.qnn_softmax", qnn_softmax_pattern(), check_qnn_softmax),
    ]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
<!DOCTYPE html>

					<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>

					<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>

			<form class="ws-validate">

						<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>

								<textarea class="form-control" id="answer" data-ng-model="answer" th:placeholder="#{book.answer.info}" rows="6" cols="40" maxlength="500"
									required="required">answer</textarea>

						<button type="submit" sec:authorize="hasAnyRole('ROLE_USER, ROLE_REPORT')" data-ng-click="bookAnswer(book.id, answer)"
							class="btn btn-orange btn-form" th:title="#{book.answer.info}" th:text="#{book.answer}"></button>
						<button type="button" id="close" class="btn btn-default btn-form" th:text="#{cancel}" data-dismiss="modal">Cancel</button>

			</form>


The Cisco TelePresence SX10 Quick Set is an all-in-one unit that combines with any flat-panel display to video-enable your small collaboration spaces. It offers tremendous affordability for small- to medium-sized businesses just starting out with telepresence, or in extending telepresence throughout an enterprise.
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text:
Q: Can Anyone tell me the reason, why my method does not pass the sample test cases? The following is my solution to Beautiful Days at the Movies problem on HackerRank.
Basically I need to implement the following method.
int beautifulNum(int from, int to, int k)

The method should return the number of beautiful numbers between from and to.
A number is beautiful if the result of its difference with its reverse is divisible by k.
Example:
beautifulNum(20, 23, 6) should return 2.

*

*Reverse of 20 is 2. Difference is 18 which is divisible by 6 so 20 is a beautiful number.

*Reverse of 21 is 12. Difference is 9 which is not divisible by 6 hence 21 is not a beautiful number.

*Similarly, 22 is a beautiful number and 23 is not.

*Therefore beautifulNum(20, 23, 6) should return 2.

However, the following does not work, why?
public static int beautifulNum(int from, int to, int k) {
    int reverse = 0;
    int num = 0;
    for (int n = from; n <= to; n++) {
        while(n != 0) {
            int remainder = n % 10;
            reverse = reverse * 10 + remainder;
            n = n/10;
        }
        int rreverse = (n-reverse)/k;
        if (rreverse % 1 == 0 ) {
            num++;
        }
    }
    return num;
}

A: There are many ways to reverse a number in Java. Refer to Java reverse an int value without using array. In the below code I chose to convert the number to a string and use method reverse of class StringBuilder.
Then you need to subtract the reversed number from the original number and then you need to see whether the result of that subtraction is divisible by the method parameter k. In other words you need to check whether difference % k == 0 where difference is the result of subtracting the reversed number from the original number.
public class MyClass {

    public static int beautifulNum(int from, int to, int k) {
        int reverse = 0;
        int num = 0;
        for (int n = from; n <= to; n++) {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(Integer.toString(n));
            sb.reverse();
            reverse = Integer.parseInt(sb.toString());
            int rreverse = n - reverse;
            if (rreverse % k == 0) {
                num++;
            }
        }
        return num;
    }

    public static void main(String args[]) {
        System.out.println(beautifulNum(20, 23, 6));
    }
}


An ant, one of the smallest of insects that plagues us all summer, is now the subject of some major research in the optimisation of transporting light signals in optic fibre cables.
In the South African context ants were, during the last century, the subject of many arguments. The work by Eugene Marais entitled "Die siel van die mier" – later translated in English as "The soul of the ant" – caused much controversy as Nobel Prize laurate Maurice Maeterlinck plagiarised Marais' work in his book, "The Life of the White Ant", in which he describes this organic unity of the termitary and compares it with the human body, six years after Eugene Marais' original work was published in South Africa. Now the subject returns but this time without controversy, but rather with collaboration at different levels including at the Centre for Broadband Communication (CBC) at the Nelson Mandela University in Port Elizabeth.
On 25 May 2016, Scientific Reports, a Nature publication, published on a paper under the title "All-optical implementation of the ant colony optimisation algorithm", co-authored by Wenchao Hu, Perry Ping Shum, Nikolay I. Zheludev and Cesare Soci in collaboration with the Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies at Nanyang Technological University, the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Nanyang Technological University, the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, the Department of Electronic Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and the Optoelectronics Research Centre at the University of Southampton.
The authors reported on all-optical implementation of the optimisation algorithm for the famous "ant colony" problem. Ant colonies progressively optimise pathways to food discovered by one of the ants through identifying the discovered route with volatile chemicals (pheromones) secreted on the way back from the food deposit.
Mathematically, this is an important example of the graph optimisation problem with dynamically changing parameters. Using an optical network with nonlinear waveguides to represent the graph and a feedback loop, the authors experimentally showed that photons travelling through the network behave like ants that dynamically modify the environment to find the shortest pathway to any chosen point in the graph. This proof-of-principle demonstration illustrates how transient nonlinearity in the optical system can be exploited to tackle complex optimisation problems directly, on the hardware level, which may be used for self-routing of optical signals in transparent communication networks and energy flow in photonic systems.
Tim Gibbon, director of the CBC and associate professor in the Department of Physics, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth.
The paper published in Nature by Wenchao Hu et el. explains that in computer science, ant colony optimisation (ACO) algorithms inspired by the natural stigmergic behaviour of ants have been widely applied to complex optimisation problems. Numerical implementation of ACO algorithms was first proposed as multi-agent approach to complex combinatorial optimisation, like the travelling salesman problem* and the nondeterministic polynomial problem of searching for the shortest closed path which visits all the destinations in a graph with given topology. Use of ACO algorithms in solving the travelling salesman problem has proven to enhance convergence speed and improve likelihood to arrive at optimal solutions. Meanwhile, ACO algorithms found application to routing problems in dynamic networks, where using ACO algorithms was shown to effectively solve the problem of routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) in optical networks, optimisation in cognitive radio networks, and distributed control in communication networks.
Post-graduate students in the CBC laboratory of the Nelson Mandala University in Port Elizabeth.
Nelson Mandela University has a long history in optic fibre research. Tim Gibbon and his group of Masters and PhD students have, over the past few years, assisted in the development of a timing system for the recently inaugurated MeerKAT at the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) site in the Karoo. All the dishes had to be time synchronised with a centralised hydrogen maser atomic clock. Essentially, there had to be a heartbeat so that all the dishes could be synchronised to the same beat. A very stable atomic clock generates the time signal which had to be distributed to all the MeerKAT dishes. The allowable stability of the signal between the dishes and the super computer correlator is in the order of picoseconds (10-12 seconds, a million-millionths of a second). To achieve this, a system had to be developed to deal with the delays in the transport of the timing signals on the fibre network. This is affected by distances between the 64 dishes and temperature fluctuations.
With generous bursaries from the SKA, five Phd and three Masters students qualified over the past five years. CBC research is further generously supported by industry partners Cisco, Telkom, Dartcom, Lambda Test Equipment, FibreCo, the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research and the Department of Science and Technology.
*In plain language, the travelling salesman problem: Given a list of cities and the distances between each pair of cities, what is the shortest possible route that visits each city and returns to the origin city?


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text:
@implementation VKUtil

+ (NSDictionary *)explodeQueryString:(NSString *)queryString {
    NSArray *keyValuePairs = [queryString componentsSeparatedByString:@"&"];
    NSMutableDictionary *parameters = [NSMutableDictionary new];
    for (NSString *keyValueString in keyValuePairs) {
        NSArray *keyValueArray = [keyValueString componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];
        parameters[keyValueArray[0]] = keyValueArray[1];
    }
    return parameters;
}

+ (NSString *)generateGUID {
    CFUUIDRef uuid = CFUUIDCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault);
    CFStringRef str = CFUUIDCreateString(kCFAllocatorDefault, uuid);
    NSString *uuidString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", (__bridge NSString *) str];
    CFRelease(uuid);
    CFRelease(str);
    return uuidString;
}

+ (NSNumber *)parseNumberString:(id)number {
    if ([number isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]])
        return (NSNumber *) number;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    static dispatch_semaphore_t semaphore;
    static NSNumberFormatter *formatter;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        formatter = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];
        semaphore = dispatch_semaphore_create(1);
    });
    dispatch_semaphore_wait(semaphore, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
    NSNumber *value = [formatter numberFromString:number];
    dispatch_semaphore_signal(semaphore);
    return value;
}

+ (UIColor *)colorWithRGB:(NSInteger)rgb {
    return [UIColor colorWithRed:((CGFloat) ((rgb & 0xFF0000) >> 16)) / 255.f green:((CGFloat) ((rgb & 0xFF00) >> 8)) / 255.f blue:((CGFloat) (rgb & 0xFF)) / 255.f alpha:1.0f];
}

static NSString *const kCharactersToBeEscapedInQueryString = @":/?&=;+!@#$()',*";

+ (NSString *)escapeString:(NSString *)value {
#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < __IPHONE_9_0
    return (__bridge_transfer NSString *) CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(kCFAllocatorDefault, (__bridge CFStringRef) value, NULL, (__bridge CFStringRef) kCharactersToBeEscapedInQueryString, CFStringConvertNSStringEncodingToEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding));
#else
    static NSCharacterSet *charset = nil;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        charset = [[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:kCharactersToBeEscapedInQueryString] invertedSet];
    });
    return [value stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:charset];
#endif
}

+ (NSString *)queryStringFromParams:(NSDictionary *)params {
    NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:params.count];
    for (NSString *key in params) {
        if ([params[key] isKindOfClass:[NSString class]])
            [array addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@", key, [self escapeString:params[key]]]];
        else
            [array addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@=%@", key, params[key]]];
    }
    return [array componentsJoinedByString:@"&"];
}

+ (BOOL) isOperatingSystemAtLeastVersion:(NSOperatingSystemVersion) version {
    if (NSFoundationVersionNumber > NSFoundationVersionNumber_iOS_7_1) {
        return [[NSProcessInfo processInfo] isOperatingSystemAtLeastVersion:version];
    } else {
        return (version.majorVersion == 7 && NSFoundationVersionNumber > NSFoundationVersionNumber_iOS_6_1) ||
               (version.majorVersion == 6 && NSFoundationVersionNumber > NSFoundationVersionNumber_iOS_5_1);

    }
}

+ (BOOL) isOperatingSystemAtLeastIOS7 {
    return [VKUtil isOperatingSystemAtLeastVersion:(NSOperatingSystemVersion){7,0,0}];
}

+ (BOOL) isOperatingSystemAtLeastIOS8 {
    return [VKUtil isOperatingSystemAtLeastVersion:(NSOperatingSystemVersion){8,0,0}];
}

@end

///----------------------------
/// @name Processing preview images
///----------------------------

typedef enum CornerFlag {
    CornerFlagTopLeft = 0x01,
    CornerFlagTopRight = 0x02,
    CornerFlagBottomLeft = 0x04,
    CornerFlagBottomRight = 0x08,
    CornerFlagAll = CornerFlagTopLeft | CornerFlagTopRight | CornerFlagBottomLeft | CornerFlagBottomRight
} CornerFlag;

@implementation UIImage (RoundedImage)
- (void)vks_addRoundedRectToPath:(CGContextRef)context rect:(CGRect)rect width:(float)ovalWidth height:(float)ovalHeight toCorners:(CornerFlag)corners {
    if (ovalWidth == 0 || ovalHeight == 0) {
        CGContextAddRect(context, rect);
        return;
    }
    CGContextSaveGState(context);
    CGContextTranslateCTM(context, CGRectGetMinX(rect), CGRectGetMinY(rect));
    CGContextScaleCTM(context, ovalWidth, ovalHeight);
    float fw = CGRectGetWidth(rect) / ovalWidth;
    float fh = CGRectGetHeight(rect) / ovalHeight;
    CGContextMoveToPoint(context, fw, fh / 2);
    if (corners & CornerFlagTopRight) {
        CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, fw, fh, fw / 2, fh, 1);
    } else {
        CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, fw, fh);
    }
    if (corners & CornerFlagTopLeft) {
        CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, 0, fh, 0, fh / 2, 1);
    } else {
        CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, 0, fh);
    }
    if (corners & CornerFlagBottomLeft) {
        CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, 0, 0, fw / 2, 0, 1);
    } else {
        CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, 0, 0);
    }
    if (corners & CornerFlagBottomRight) {
        CGContextAddArcToPoint(context, fw, 0, fw, fh / 2, 1);
    } else {
        CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, fw, 0);
    }
    CGContextClosePath(context);
    CGContextRestoreGState(context);
}

- (UIImage *)vks_roundCornersImage:(CGFloat)cornerRadius resultSize:(CGSize)imageSize {
    CGImageRef imageRef = self.CGImage;
    float imageWidth = CGImageGetWidth(imageRef);
    float imageHeight = CGImageGetHeight(imageRef);
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    CGRect drawRect = (CGRect) {CGPointZero, imageWidth, imageHeight};
    size_t w = (size_t) (imageSize.width * [UIScreen mainScreen].scale);
    size_t h = (size_t) (imageSize.height * [UIScreen mainScreen].scale);
    cornerRadius *= [UIScreen mainScreen].scale;

    CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, w, h, 8, w * 4, colorSpace, kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst | kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little);
    if (!context) {
        CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
        return nil;
    }
    CGContextClearRect(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, w, h));
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
    CGRect clipRect = CGRectMake(0, 0, w, h);
    float widthScale = w / imageWidth;
    float heightScale = h / imageHeight;
    float scale = MAX(widthScale, heightScale);
    drawRect.size.width = imageWidth * scale;
    drawRect.size.height = imageHeight * scale;
    drawRect.origin.x = (w - drawRect.size.width) / 2.0f;
    drawRect.origin.y = (h - drawRect.size.height) / 2.0f;
    [self vks_addRoundedRectToPath:context rect:clipRect width:cornerRadius height:cornerRadius toCorners:CornerFlagAll];
    CGContextClip(context);

    CGContextSaveGState(context);
    CGContextDrawImage(context, drawRect, imageRef);
    CGContextRestoreGState(context);
    CGImageRef decompressedImageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);
    CGContextRelease(context);
    UIImage *decompressedImage = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:decompressedImageRef];
    CGImageRelease(decompressedImageRef);
    return decompressedImage;
}
@end


text:
Q: was trying for intent class to swap to new page in android but its not going to next page import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    Button btn;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent i = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondPage.class);
               MainActivity.this.startActivities(i);

            }

        });

    }

    private void startActivities(Intent i) {
    }

}

A: Just replace MainActivity.this.startActivities(i); to startActivity(i);.

A: You need to use startActivity(i); instead of MainActivity.this.startActivities(i); like,
 btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {

            Intent i = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondPage.class);
            startActivity(i); <---- here you need to modify like this

        }

    });


text:
Why Tony Iommi Walked Out of Jethro Tull Audition
Martin Kielty Published: April 3, 2020
Kevork Djansezian / Mark Metcalfe, Getty Images
Before Black Sabbath began to refine the distinctive sound that would make them famous, Tony Iommi spent two weeks as a member of Jethro Tull – but even that brief tenure almost didn't happen.
Iommi played guitar for Ian Anderson's band when they appeared on the Rolling Stones' Rock and Roll Circus concert movie in December 1968, even though he told bandmate Geezer Butler he didn't really want to do it.
"I've always been a bit, not scared, to jump out of my field," Iommi told Guitar World in a new interview. "I do on my own, but if you shoved me in the Eagles, I'd go, 'Oh Christ, what do I do here?' Much like when I was with Jethro Tull. I did that short thing with them, after Mick Abrahams and before Martin Barre. We'd supported them on one of their gigs, and they asked me, and I was like, 'Oh God, I don't know.' On the way back, I was driving the van and I said, 'They've asked me if I'll join them.' And they're going, 'You should go for it, it's a great opportunity.' I felt really bad."
He eventually accepted an invitation from Tull's management to attend a tryout in London. "I got there and there's, like, 50 guitar players," Iommi remembered. "I went, 'Oh God, what's going on?' Because I thought it was just me. I got really nervous and walked out." But someone from Anderson's team followed him out. "He said, 'Don't go, don't go.' I said, 'I can't do it - there's all these other guitar players.' He said, 'Sit in the cafe, and when they're all gone, I'll come and get you.' So that's what we did. And then they offered me the job."
Iommi described the situation as "good and bad" because he "felt really sad" for the hopefuls who weren't given the position. "When I went down to play with them, I took Geezer with me," he recalled. "I kept saying to him, 'I don't feel comfortable about it.' When I told them, 'It's not for me,' they said, 'We've got this movie and we can't get anybody else quickly enough. Could you do it?' I said, 'Yes, I'd do that.'"
He remembered "meeting John Lennon and everybody" when the Rock and Roll Circus was being filmed, and then returning home with no certainty of what would happen next in his career. "I thought to myself, 'Have I done the right thing, going back to playing at this blues club up the road?'" Iommi noted. "But that's how it happened."
Watch Jethro Tull With Tony Iommi Perform 'Song for Jeffrey'
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Next: Black Sabbath Albums Ranked
Source: Why Tony Iommi Walked Out of Jethro Tull Audition
Filed Under: Jethro Tull, Tony Iommi
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