text:
Q: Having trouble finding the right JSON request I will appologise in advance if I am being really stupid here, but I cant find the right syntax to extract some data from a JSON return.  The following is the returned JSON data:
    {
"version":"1.0",
"encoding":"UTF-8",
"feed":{
"xmlns":"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom",
"xmlns$openSearch":"http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/",
"xmlns$gsx":"http://schemas.google.com/spreadsheets/2006/extended",
"id":{
"$t":"https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/0AhySzEddwIC1dEN6bnNQYkRlVE50RlBRLUQ5YlZhNUE/1/public/basic"
},
"updated":{
"$t":"2012-12-03T10:33:13.778Z"
},
"category":[
{
"scheme":"http://schemas.google.com/spreadsheets/2006",
"term":"http://schemas.google.com/spreadsheets/2006#list"
}
],
"title":{
"type":"text",
"$t":"Sheet1"
},
"link":[
{
"rel":"alternate",
"type":"text/html",
"href":"https://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key\u003d0AhySzEddwIC1dEN6bnNQYkRlVE50RlBRLUQ5YlZhNUE"
},
{
"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed",
"type":"application/atom+xml",
"href":"https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/0AhySzEddwIC1dEN6bnNQYkRlVE50RlBRLUQ5YlZhNUE/1/public/basic"
},
{
"rel":"self",
"type":"application/atom+xml",
"href":"https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/0AhySzEddwIC1dEN6bnNQYkRlVE50RlBRLUQ5YlZhNUE/1/public/basic?alt\u003djson"
}
],
"author":[
{
"name":{
"$t":"rourkie"
},
"email":{
"$t":"rourkie@gmail.com"
}
}
],
"openSearch$totalResults":{
"$t":"1"
},
"openSearch$startIndex":{
"$t":"1"
},
"entry":[
{
"id":{
"$t":"https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/0AhySzEddwIC1dEN6bnNQYkRlVE50RlBRLUQ5YlZhNUE/1/public/basic/cn6ca"
},
"updated":{
"$t":"2012-12-03T10:33:13.778Z"
},
"category":[
{
"scheme":"http://schemas.google.com/spreadsheets/2006",
"term":"http://schemas.google.com/spreadsheets/2006#list"
}
],
"title":{
"type":"text",
"$t":"5872.64"
},
"content":{
"type":"text",
"$t":"change: 3.6"
},
"link":[
{
"rel":"self",
"type":"application/atom+xml",
"href":"https://spreadsheets.google.com/feeds/list/0AhySzEddwIC1dEN6bnNQYkRlVE50RlBRLUQ5YlZhNUE/1/public/basic/cn6ca"
}
]
}
]
}
}

I am trying to extract the "change" figure, with the following:
feed.entry[4].content.$t

but it just keeps returning an error.
Can anyone shed some light on what I am doing wrong??
Thanks

A: JSONLint - http://jsonlint.com/ - is pretty handy for this.
The JSON you posted only has one object in the entry array (unless you just posted it as an example)...so it would be:
feed.entry[0].content.$t

A: Using json2csharp.com (http://json2csharp.com/) You can paste in json and it will give you a class matching the json allowing you to easily parse it.  Check How can I parse JSON with C#? on how to use JsonConvert.  I believe you can find it in nuget packages.  Keep in mind the class I have pasted below will not work directly, because of the naming of some of the fields in the json.  You may have to rename them manually and map them.
public class Id
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Updated
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Category
{
    public string scheme { get; set; }
    public string term { get; set; }
}

public class Title
{
    public string type { get; set; }
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Link
{
    public string rel { get; set; }
    public string type { get; set; }
    public string href { get; set; }
}

public class Name
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Email
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Author
{
    public Name name { get; set; }
    public Email email { get; set; }
}

public class OpenSearchTotalResults
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class OpenSearchStartIndex
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Id2
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Updated2
{
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Category2
{
    public string scheme { get; set; }
    public string term { get; set; }
}

public class Title2
{
    public string type { get; set; }
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Content
{
    public string type { get; set; }
    public string __invalid_name__$t { get; set; }
}

public class Link2
{
    public string rel { get; set; }
    public string type { get; set; }
    public string href { get; set; }
}

public class Entry
{
    public Id2 id { get; set; }
    public Updated2 updated { get; set; }
    public List<Category2> category { get; set; }
    public Title2 title { get; set; }
    public Content content { get; set; }
    public List<Link2> link { get; set; }
}

public class Feed
{
    public string xmlns { get; set; }
    public string __invalid_name__xmlns$openSearch { get; set; }
    public string __invalid_name__xmlns$gsx { get; set; }
    public Id id { get; set; }
    public Updated updated { get; set; }
    public List<Category> category { get; set; }
    public Title title { get; set; }
    public List<Link> link { get; set; }
    public List<Author> author { get; set; }
    public OpenSearchTotalResults __invalid_name__openSearch$totalResults { get; set; }
    public OpenSearchStartIndex __invalid_name__openSearch$startIndex { get; set; }
    public List<Entry> entry { get; set; }
}

public class RootObject
{
    public string version { get; set; }
    public string encoding { get; set; }
    public Feed feed { get; set; }
}


together with the ground when sitting, you will be not able to find comfort. Avoid chairs giving your legs an upward or even downward tilt. The normal height for the seat is approximately eighteen inches; nevertheless , you can find chairs that offer a lower or more seat to accommodate your height. Should you be buying furniture for your baby or perhaps child, make sure the furniture will go well with their needs as they get older. Many infant beds now convert to toddler or perhaps twin size beds as the baby gets older. Buying furniture that seems too babyish will likely not suit the children's tastes as they mature. Do not abide by fashion trends when purchasing furniture. Try to find items that will still look classy years from now unless you would like to entirely redecorate your home when your household furniture goes out of style. Remember that you will rapidly get bored with furniture that is also colorful or too trendy. Prior to deciding to purchase a piece of furniture, make sure you check their drawers and cabinets. You want to guarantee the drawers and cabinets is going to open and close properly. If they do not, you shouldn't purchase the furniture. You should also inspect typically the handles and knobs to ensure they can fit tightly and do not jiggle. If virtually any jiggling occurs, this is a sign the fact that furniture is not put together properly. Discover what you want from a sofa before you truly go to purchase one. If you would like a firm lounge, it would be wise to get one with standard coiled springs. If you are looking for a softer lounger, be sure to get one that has zigzag shelves. After reading this article, you should be more at ease on your furniture search. You may not choose to shop, but the tips in this article will help it become more bearable. You ought to know contain the information which will furnish your home in a manner that works best for you.


Concerns of growth are overdone. Channel checks suggest better demand in September quarter. Dunkin' Donuts has seen promising response in new stores and concerns of cannibalization are overdone. Focus on reach/menu innovation will continue to drive growth.


text:
Louvain sau Leuven ( - oficial, , , ) este un oraș în Flandra, Belgia.

Aici s-a înființat în 1425 Universitatea Catolică din Louvain, din care în 1968, partea flamandă a rămas pe loc, iar partea francofonă, Université catholique de Louvain, s-a mutat în  la Louvain-la-Neuve, în regiunea francofonă Valonia.

Istorie

Prima mențiune a orașului datează din anul 891 ("Loven"), când o armată de vikingi a fost învinsă de către regele Arnulf de Carintia. Conform legendei orașului, culorile sale roșu-alb-roșu amintesc de malurile însângerate ale râului Dijle după această bătălie.

Legături externe

 Sărbătoarea Paștelui la Leuven. GALERIE FOTO, 6 aprilie 2012, Marius Vasileanu, Ziarul de Duminică

Orașe din Belgia
Localități din Brabantul Flamand
Comune din Brabantul Flamand

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Building a business can be daunting, but it doesn't have to be. GRDC supports entrepreneurs and local businesses through one-on-one business counseling, access to no-cost business workshops and by helping you make important connections that will help your business reach its full potential.
If you are considering starting your own business, having difficulties with your current business, or just looking to learn new skills, browse the services we offer to learn more or contact Grafton RDC staff directly.


text:
Home » Sports » Man City star De Bruyne ruled out for six weeks
Man City star De Bruyne ruled out for six weeks
5:38 PM Unknown 0 Sports
Kevin De Bruyne will be sidelined for up to six weeks after the Manchester City star suffered knee ligament damage in Thursday's League Cup win against Fulham.
De Bruyne limped off in the closing minutes of City's 2-0 victory at the Etihad Stadium after falling awkwardly in a clash with Timothy Fosu-Mensah.
The 27-year-old had scans on Friday that revealed the left knee injury is serious enough that he is unlikely to be back in action until mid-December, although he does not require surgery.
De Bruyne only recently returned from another knee problem that forced him to miss two months this season, limiting the Belgium international to five appearances.
His absence during a busy period is a major blow for Premier League leaders City, who face crucial Champions League fixtures, the Manchester derby and a trip to Chelsea before De Bruyne is likely to be fit.
"Manchester City midfielder Kevin De Bruyne suffered knee ligament damage in his left knee during Thursday night's Carabao Cup fourth-round win over Fulham," a statement on City's website said.
"The Belgian underwent scans on Friday at the CFA. No surgery is needed but he is expected to be out for between 5-6 week

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home Yukon Business The Green Issues Now's a Good Time to Help Farmers Feed Us
Bound for Warsaw: Yukoner Scott Bradley serves as youth ambassador at United Nations Climate Summit
Bad News, Bears
Now's a Good Time to Help Farmers Feed Us
by Tamara Neely
p3 local farmers.JPG
Bart Bounds holds a Japanese turnip plucked fresh from the ground at Elemental Farm, in June. This is one of many vegetables they tuck into boxes each week for customers who buy a share in the summer's harvest.
Now that spring has officially sprung, local farmers are waiting for the ground to warm up enough to put seeds and seedlings into the earth.
Every year, farming is a gamble. It takes a pile of money to get started, and then farmers are at the mercy of factors such as frost and insects.
Eaters of local produce can help make the farming business a little bit easier by paying up front for a summer's supply of vegetables and herbs.
This concept is called Community Supported Agriculture (CSA), and it gives farmers much needed cash flow.
"With farming, you've got to buy everything in the spring – your seed, your soil amendments, your (farmers) market fees, tools..." says Bart Bounds, who runs Elemental Farm with his partner Kate Mechan. "So when people buy a unit, they're investing in the farm because we can take that money and buy all of our up-front stuff — our seed costs alone were $2,800 this year."
Elemental Farm sells what they call a unit, which is a share of the season's produce, for $395. That entitles shareholders to pick up a box of produce every Thursday for 15 weeks at the Fireweed Community Market in Whitehorse.
The first pickup date depends on the weather, but pickups generally start at the end of May, with vegetables like mixed salad greens, and radishes, then as summer ramps up there is a proliferation of produce, including tomatoes, broccoli, and root vegetables. Then the season concludes with potatoes.
Buying a unit from the Elemental Farm also entitles purchasers to join Bounds and Mechan at their farm, located off the Takhini Hot Springs Road, for a final harvest and year-end canning session.
It's a real know-where-your-food-is-coming-from kind of a shopping experience.
The CSA investment concept also supports food security in the Yukon. It is a way of sharing the risk with farmers: if they have a low yield, consumers will get less each week, but the farmer still earns a living.
"Last year we were hammered by turnip beetles; the year before we had frost twice per week," Bounds says. "There are no guarantees, and there's no money back."
It's not lucrative.
"Last year I figured I made just under $7 per hour," Bounds says. "We're losing money where our mouth is."
But Bounds and Mechan don't just do it for the seven-dollars-per-hour. They believe in eating healthy food, using organic practices, and living sustainably. They also take pride in growing food for the community.
"We think organic, healthy, sustainable food is a human right," Bounds says.
Mechan agrees.
"One of our goals is to make food affordable," she says. "The up front cost can seem like a lot, at $395, but to spend $26 per week isn't that unusual."
Now is the time to buy a share of the year's harvest. Mechan and Bounds have already sold 20 units, and have 20 more available.
And they are not the only farmers in the Yukon offering such investment opportunities.
Brian Lendrum, with the association Growers of Organic Food Yukon, pointed to Tom and Simone Rudge, of Aurora Mountain Farm; Rolland and Mary Girouard, of Rivendell Farm; and Shiela Alexandrovich, of Wheaton River Gardens as other examples.
Wheaton River Gardens is located an hour south of Whitehorse on Annie Lake Road. Alexandrovich has been growing vegetables there for 34 years, and has been selling shares in her organic produce for 14 years. She also says the CSA business model is beneficial.
"Six years ago there was a heavy frost every month, so there were no potatoes — none," she says. "But I did so much work that year. Constantly covering and uncovering the plants. So I was still paid for my work, my attention to the plants. So it's about spreading out the risk of farming."
Her shareholders haven't complained.
"I've never had negative feedback," she says. "When I take my produce to the (Fireweed Community Market) it was picked fresh that day – it wasn't packed green and ripened in a truck. There's absolutely a difference.
"And on good years and things are super-abundant, (my customers) get more."
For Alexandrovich, like Bounds and Mechan, producing food is an occupation driven by passion.
"Farming is not about money — on this scale it's not," she says. "It's about lifestyle. It's about having good food and good work."
Still, she knows very well the financial pitfalls that prevent more people from growing food.
"What if one day Bart (Bounds) says, 'To hell with this, I'm going to drive a bus for $20 per hour, instead,'" she says. "If we want more food up here, then we have to support the people who are growing it, and we can't expect the food to be cheap. How many other people will work for $7 per hour?"
Shiela Alexandrovich sells roughly 12 shares of her harvest. To enquire about buying in, call 668-5964; to buy a unit of Kate Mechan and Bart Bounds summer produce call 335-4323.
To reach Aurora Mountain Farm call 393-4628; to reach Rivendell Farm call 633-6178.
Agri-Business Fireweed Community Market Farming Local Business Issue: 2014-03-27 Farm & Ranch Health Food Agriculture Green & Environmental


text:
MovieFaction Podcast
MovieFaction Podcast - Jurassic Park
Join Zombifaction as he goes on a journey from week to week in search of the best and worst of movies from all over the world. Enlist today and Join the MovieFaction!
New MovieFaction episodes every Week!
Minifactions whenever I feel like it.
Have you ever read a book? Well you should try it some time. I suggest Jurassic Park, not the novelization of the film but the book the film is based off of. There is so much going on in that book it's crazy. So I watched the movie.
It's a comparison episode in which I ramble about difference between a book and a movie, get ready for "Well the book is better.". Because it is.
Enlist today! Join the MovieFaction!
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Use my Referral link to join Honey today and find the best deals on the internet.
Join Zombifaction as he discusses, reviews and rants about movies. Spoiler Alert, MovieFaction contain spoilers for everything!
© Joshua Laxen


Monique is a potter and artist. She is inspired by poetry, the local wildlife, the mountain and its creative legacy, but is always searching for her own songlines.
Her work reflects her skill in both ceramics and drawing, which she combines to create small and large scale pieces of extraordinary delicacy that are both beautiful, functional, expressive and energetic.
Come on up and be delighted!


Avita Liber Colourful laptops Launched, Prices start at Rs 27,990:- After successfully launching its products in countries like USA, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia, The Philippines and Malaysia, AVITA, a renowned lifestyle tech brand from the US is proud to announce its foray in the Indian market. AVITA will launch its stylish first series of laptops that combines performance with fashion. Created by a former R&D and branding team of Radio Corporation of America (RCA) in the United States in 2016, AVITA has been solely owned and run by Nexstgo Company Limited since its inception. Bollywood actress Neha Sharma will grace the launch with her presence.
"We are absolutely delighted to launch AVITA's exciting range of AVITA LIBER here in India. This market is known to be one of the fastest growing ones in the technology segment and is open to embrace new lifestyle brands. We are looking forward to introducing our fashion-forward and high-performance products to the Indian consumers. Brand philosophy is to allow our customers to express themselves through technology, and we aim to do this with our vibrant LIBER range," said Mr. Alex Chung, Chief Executive Officer of Nexstgo Company Ltd., the company that owns the AVITA brand.
In the words of Seema Bhatnagar, Country Manager, Nexstgo India, "AVITA is going to be the answer for the tech savvy youth of India. Its contemporary features coupled up with quirky aesthetics in colour and design options will definitely appeal to the young corporates. With 5 patterns and 14 colors we are offering a new lifestyle products to the customers.
The AVITA LIBER series delivers technology in trendsetting style suiting every possible personality. Built with design and ease of use in mind, the laptop is by default lightweight (from 1.37kg) and sports a sleek casing which measures 5mm at its thinnest point. The AVITA LIBER comes in two display sizes of 13.3" and 14" with an FHD (1920×1080) resolution. Battery life lasts up to 10 hours to accommodate everyday needs. AVITA LIBER is also equipped with a multi-functional USB-C port which supports the quick charge, data transfer, and display connectivity. Two USB 3.0 ports are also available for connecting different devices and accessories to extend versatility. Last but not least, expect speediest online capabilities with its Bluetooth 4.0 and 802.11ac Wi-Fi.
Consumers will be spoilt for choice with AVITA LIBER's multi-color and multi-functional range. Apart from featuring traditional metallic colors, AVITA LIBER also offers extensive bold and vibrant shades such as AVITA Purple, Urban Ruby, Angel Blue and more. Each lively color allows customers to extend their unique personality while staying in trend.
In India Company is bringing 5 patterns with a unique and distinct design. To further enhance its high degree of personalization, AVITA will be producing customized casing patterns. The company also plans to roll out a self-service customization platform which enables customers to create their own casing to reflect their personal fashion and style. This service aims to revolutionize the way consumers currently view electronic and tech gadgets by providing endless possibilities for customization for every personality.
AVITA will also launch a line-up of accessories to complement every lifestyle. The range includes IOT products- Smart Scale & Smart Mirror, notebook sleeves, notebook backpacks, carrying cases as well as computer peripherals such as a wireless mouse.
The AVITA LIBER is available on Amazon, Flipkart, Tata Cliq & Paytm and will be there with leading retailers like Viveks, Alfa, Dhruv Sales and Croma by end of January 2019.
Warranty: AVITA is offering 3 years International Warranty as launch offer on online registration on all their laptops range.


"A senior official of Macedonia's secret police was sentenced to 18 months in prison for destroying evidence that could have helped identify who was behind a wiretapping scandal that brought down a previous government.
Goran Grujevski, who ran the secret police department conducting the wiretapping operations, was found guilty of destroying documents from the period when the wiretapping took place. He is awaiting extradition after being arrested in Greece last month.


text:
Death and After Death
What is a Muslim going to encounter after death?
What will hapen after the death of a Muslim in the grave?
Submitted by jawadmohammed on Wed, 30/09/2009 - 21:46
Just as we see, different things and listen to different voices while we are dreaming broken off from the world, our soul is introduced to a new life what we call the Intermediate Realm when we are dead. Human being, who sees the Archangel Azrael (the angel of death) at the moment of death, meets with the questioning angels in this new realm. The good deeds of a believer stay with him/her like a beloved friend.
The Intermediate Realm is a bridge between the life on earth and the one in the grave. This realm shows itself in several forms based on the human beings' quality. While martyrs are put in the grave without knowing they themselves are dead, scholars continue their scholarly works even here. As for unbelievers, this realm is a land of torment where the first examples of hell torment are experienced.
Death is the departure of soul from body. It is a journey from the realm we live in to the realm of grave. Soul is taken to the intermediate realm by the Archangel Azrael. Azrael is the first angel we are going to see in this realm. He is a reliable trustee to whom we could deliver our souls, our most valuable treasure, with a peace of mind. At the moment of death, soul becomes free from the confinement of body. But it does not become naked completely. Because it is covered with an unearthly cloth.
Soul, which is dependent on body while on earth, becomes free to some extent while dead. While they were in need of eyes to see, ears to hear, brain to think, in this realm they see, hear, think, and know without needing these tools anymore. As in dreams… Intermediate realm means "passage." Intermediate realm is a waiting place between the world and the Hereafter. Souls await the Doomsday and resurrection there. The first encounter with the interrogation angels called Munkar and Nakir, the first trial, the first punishment, the first award will come true there.
Intermediate realm is, as a hadith puts it, either a garden from the Paradise or a ditch from Hell. Here what receives either reward or punishment is soul, which has departed from body. It returns to its previous body in the field of the resurrection after the intermediate realm, gives account of what s/he did while s/he was in the world in the great court. The following is either eternal Paradise or eternal Hell. As in the world, also in those places both pleasure and pain are experienced with both body and soul.
The grave life will be followed by the resurrection. Resurrection will be in question for body since soul never dies. With resurrection, souls get their new bodies and are brought to the field of interrogation. Having remained there for a while, the next step is "balance." Those who die on faith and have more good deeds than bad deeds on this balance will be sent to the eternal place of bliss. Those who die without faith will be sent to the land of torment. In addition, believers who have more bad deeds than good will be sent to Hell in order for them to get rid of their sins. Later on, they get to Paradise as well.
Alaaddin Başar (Prof.Dr.)
Click on the link given below;
About the Questions that are Asked in the Grave
FAQ in the category of Death and After Death
Does the sprit of a dead person return to his/her body after it is buried?
Surah Al-Anbiya, Verse 35- "Every soul shall have a taste of death." What does this verse mean?
How can we overcome the fear of death?
Life in the Grave is True
How will the grave punishment of the dead people whose corpses are not found be? Does the soul suffer the punishment of grave?
What is the real existance of a living thing(spl:Human) spirit or body?
Is there penalty in the grave? What are the verses in the Quran related to penalty in the grave? If there is penalty in the grave, will it be for the body or the spirit? Is penalty in the grave contrary to Allah's mercy?
Is Prophet Muhammad (SAW) alive in his grave?
Can a dead person contact with the actual world? Can they see the people who visit their graves?
I think about death a lot and I'm afraid of dying. What should I do?


text:
Q: Histogram of linear data I'm doing some experiments on histograms of image data. At a first step I tried to make a linear vector with values from 0 to 255. When printing the histogram of this vector I'd assume that every value would have the same frequency. But the histfunction returns histograms where 0 has a higher frequency and 255 a lower than other values. Even when choosing a different bin size...
What am I doing wrong?
rampImageData<-rep(rep(0:255, each=4), each=512)
hist(rampImageData)

A: It is related to "binning".
Look:
library(ggplot2)

"Unexpected" behaviour for a Uniform:
qplot(rampImageData, geom = 'histogram') # default bins = 30

"Expected" behaviour for a Uniform:
qplot(rampImageData, geom = 'histogram', bins = 1)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Same basic configuration as the last cop killings in Dallas (and the Ramadan kill-fest just previous, also documented on this blog). In this case, the Moon is now square Pluto, the Venus-Pluto aspect is now a quindecile, and the Venus-Neptune sesquiquadrate is out of orb but bridged by Mercury.
No guarantees, but I think the chances of more mass-killings this week are low now that relevant planets including the Sun and Venus are moving out of the aspects they've been in.


First-elected PNW Clergy Delegate to General Conference 2019, Rev. Mary Kohlstaedt Huycke, shares this short message expressing her hopes for the time next month in February. One hope is that delegates will engage not in "decision-making" but in real discernment that is open to the Holy Spirit.
See, anytime the question on the table is: "Is God trying to bring something new into the world? Is God trying to lead us into new understandings of ourselves and one another and what it means to be a faithful follower of Jesus Christ?" Well, then that's a moment for discernment and of listening to God as well as to ourselves and one another. It's a time to surface and share information, to bring our best thinking and then for all of us to set our egos aside with everything else on the table and say, "God what could you create in the midst of this?" And then listen.
My hoped-for outcome of General Conference is that we could increase the United Methodist way of bringing life-giving, life-saving, life-transforming love into this world; that love that we know through Jesus Christ.
Rev. Mary K. Huyckeis the first-elected clergy delegate from the Pacific Northwest Annual Conference to the 2019 General Conference, meeting in St. Louis in February. She also serves as district superintendent for the Seven Rivers Missional District.
Previous articleLooking for a New Year's Resolution? How About Zero Waste?


text:
Q: Game server TCP networking sockets - fairness I'm writing a game server for a turn-based game. One criteria is that the game needs to be as fair for all players as possible.
So far it works like this:

*

*Each client has a TCP connection. (If relevant, the connection is opened via WebSockets)

*While running, continually check for incoming socket messages via epoll.

*Iterate through clients with sockets ready to read:

*

*Read all messages from the client.

*Update the internal game state for each message.

*Queue outgoing messages to affected clients.

*At the end of each "window" (turn):

*

*Iterate through clients and write all queued outgoing messages to their sockets

My concern for fairness raises the following questions:
Does it matter in which order I send messages to the clients?

*

*Calling write() on all the sockets takes only a fraction of a second for my program, but somewhere in the underlying OS or networking would it make a difference if I sorted the client list?

*

*Perhaps I should be sending to the highest-latency clients first?

Does it matter how I write the outgoing messages to the sockets?

*

*Currently I'm writing them as one large chunk. The size can exceed a single packet.

*

*Would it be faster for the client to begin its processing if I sent messages in smaller chunks than 1 packet?

*Would it be better to write 1 packet worth to each client at a time, and iterate over the clients multiple times?

Are there any linux/networking configurations that would bear impact here?

Thanks in advance for your feedback and tips.

A:
Does it matter in which order I send messages to the clients?

Yes, by fractions of milliseconds. If the network interface is available for sending the OS will immediately start sending. Why would it wait?

Perhaps I should be sending to the highest-latency clients first?

I think you should be sending in random order. Shuffle the list prior to sending. This makes it fair. I think your question is valid and this should be addressed.

Currently I'm writing them as one large chunk. [...]

First, realize that TCP is stream-based and that there are no packets/messages at the protocol level. On a physical level data is indeed packetized.
It is not necessary to manually split off packets because clients will read data as it arrives anyway. If a client issues a read, that read will complete immediately once the first packet has arrived. There is no artificial waiting in the OS.

Are there any linux/networking configurations that would bear impact here?

I don't know. Be sure to disable nagling.


The Land Rover Range Rover is available with a variety of powertrain options, including a pair of supercharged gasoline engines, a turbo-diesel and a plug-in hybrid.
Land Rover is facing pressure like it never has before as it readies replacements for three of its bellwether vehicles: the Evoque, Defender and Range Rover. A misfire on any could impede Jaguar Land Rover's drive to grow annual volume to 1 million units. Here is what's in store for Land Rover through 2021.
Entry-level Land Rover: JLR is believed to be working on an off-road vehicle that would compete with the Mercedes-Benz GLA and other premium wagonlike crossovers. It could arrive in 2021.
Evoque: With global sales since its launch now over 750,000, and annual volume holding steady at around 100,000 a year, Land Rover isn't going to tinker much with the second-generation Evoque coming next year, possibly as a 2020 model. Spy photos show the next-gen model retaining its coupelike appearance with a sloping roof and rising beltline. The next Evoque will grow slightly to improve interior room, and will move to a new platform, possible the D10, designed for small Rovers and Jags. Spy shots also reveal a few styling cues cribbed from the larger Range Rover Velar, such as flush-fitting electronic door handles, stylized taillights and the general shape of the grille. The next Evoque likely carries over JLR's Ingenium engines until a hybrid version arrives by 2021.
Defender: The 70th anniversary of the Land Rover brand came and went this spring without new information about the hotly anticipated next Defender, one of the original rugged off-road SUVs. During a presentation this year, design chief Gerry McGovern showed a sketch of the outline of the next generation, expected in about 18 months. It will retain its traditional boxy styling — but that's about all that's known. Land Rover is counting on the Defender to help it win back market share from Toyota in Africa, Australia and South America, while selling for a premium in Europe and North America, where prices are soaring for classic Defenders, the hottest collectible SUV on the market.
Discovery: A freshening is set for 2020.
Discovery Sport: A major refresh is scheduled for late next year.
Range Rover Velar: Geared for a comfortable on-road driving experience, Velar has been a strong seller. Its smooth exterior styling points the way to the future for Land Rover, while its interior, with large dual screens and large easy-to-use knobs and soft-touch materials, also hints at future design themes.
Range Rover Sport: Freshened this year, the Sport soldiers on until 2021 before the next generation arrives.
Range Rover: The $295,000 limited-edition Range Rover SV Coupe coming next year will test the upper limits of the brand. Only 999 copies will be made, but it is still a hugely important vehicle for Land Rover. The latest-generation Discovery has been given the space, equipment and off-road capability to fill the gap when the next-gen Range Rover arrives around 2021, moving far upmarket to compete with the Bentley Bentayga, Rolls Royce Cullinan and superluxury SUVs from Audi, Mercedes-Benz and others. The SV Coupe, with its custom interior, is an early look at the level of luxury expected in the next Range Rover.
Road Rover: Land Rover is rumored to be working on a pumped up (think Audi All-Road) battery electric off-road wagon that could debut late next year. It will likely use a version of the platform and drivetrain underpinning the Jaguar I-Pace. The Road Rover name has been trademarked. Such a vehicle would be the first wagon from Land Rover.
"Land Rover growth hinges on 3 replacements" was originally published by Automotive News on 8/13.


Preview versions before OS X Lion had more export options than Sierra. By default you can export as JPEG, JPEG-2000, OpenExr, PDF, PNG, and TIFF.
On many occasions I really miss option to export as GIF so after a bit of digging around I came across this little trick; By holding down the Option key while click on Export… it will add GIF, ICNS, KTX, Microsoft BMP, Microsoft Icon, PBM/PGM/PPM, PVRTC, PostScript, PSD, Quick Time Movie, SGI, and TGA as export options. It works on Sierra, and I believe it works on previous versions too.


Small batch on-site roasting that's delivered passionately by an army of skilled baristas places this city cafe (and its Gridlock beans) in the upper echelons of Melbourne coffee. 65 Degrees is run with such high attention to detail that it's hard not to be swept up by the sheer energy and dedication to the bean.
Expect a corporate crush before midday as loyal fans come to see which single origins are playing that day; usually a mix of five or more from Asia, Africa and South and Central America that rotate at dizzying speeds. Espressos burst with aromas, while consistently-smooth, milk-based takeaways are served with pace.
The utilitarian furnishings offer ample space to sit and eat food from the all-day breakfast and lunch menus. The gourmet baguettes, including a twice-cooked pork belly with crackling, grated apple, coleslaw and coriander, are particularly tasty.
A homemade tiramisu, infused with Gridlock Coffee, is one of many tempting sweets available from the counter display – which is perfect with a the extensive variety of single origin beans and continually tweaked house blends that are available to take away.


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The little boy from Dinosaurs in the Supermarket is off to the shops again. Surely this supermarket trip will be completely normal? Err – nope! The dinosaurs have gone home, but something else is causing chaos in the aisles! There's an anchor in the butter. There's a spyglass by the juice. There are parrots on the carrots! There are PIRATES on the loose! That's bad enough – but even worse, the grown-ups can't see them. Can this little boy teach the pirates some manners?
All the fun of a shopping trip – plus naughty pirates!


Is your car breaking down?
These times, a car counts as a necessity. This is especially true for many of us who need to travel around to accomplish our daily activities including errands, work, and our personal affairs. We use cars to drive ourselves to work, to take our children to school, to go to the mall or to the groceries, and to see our friends and loved ones. With the convenience and comfort that a car brings, combined with the growing risks we nowadays hear about public transport, it can just be expected that many households want a car of their own. But cars are not an easy purchase, and with how our economy has been performing, it gets more and more challenging to raise and find the money to purchase your own car. Many corporations have been taking pay cuts or laying off their employees, while lending companies have become more stringent in loaning money to potential borrowers. Because of our economy, many have taken additional jobs on the side to sustain their needs, and may not have the time and resources for the long wait that traditional car loans come with.
This is where Umyup Finance comes in. We are a "bad credit car" finance company that boasts a wide variety of high quality second hand cars that you can loan from our trustworthy and fair lending partners. Our goal is to give you the help you need to secure these loans that you may normally be turned down for with other lending companies. We are here so you can get the car you need, so you can be more efficient in your work and daily activities. We want to ease you off your worries that you will not be granted a loan because of your bad credit history.
Umyup Finance takes care of the hassles of the loan application process, so you can focus on your work while you wait for your car. All it takes is for you to fulfil the minimum requirements for eligibility, and you are well on your way to driving home the car you have always wanted. Once you have the car, you are now mobile and are able to get to work and back quickly, efficiently and safely. You can become more effective on your job, which also helps you to better raise the money for repayment. Speaking of repayment, it is dependent on your terms – whatever you think fits your needs and capabilities best.
We here, at Umyup Finance understand that what you are going through is not easy. We also believe that any poor judgments we have made in the past should not continue to haunt us, especially if we are looking to change for the better. We want you to have that fair chance and that is why we only work with lenders who look past the credit history when it comes to approving applications. We see your need, and we want to help you get it. Besides all these, we also help you determine the best plans available through our comparison tools, as well as a car finance calculator which helps you plan the repayment terms that will work best with you. We also have partners that offer bad credit mobile phones, bad credit loans, as well as logbook loans online that you can utilize for your own benefit.
Umyup Finance is a company that is built to serve. We aim to help you and all those who deserve a car but do not have the means to get it. We want to help you set up, or to get you standing up again if you have been down before. We want you be with you every step of the way, because your success is our success too.


• When you cast the thorn whip cantrip you deal 1d8 damage and the range is increased to 60 feet. The spell's damage increases by d8's, instead of d6's.
• Entangle and Plant growth are both considered domain spells for you.
• You are proficient in Herbalism kits.


Presents the photographs of the fabric buyers and sellers during the Winter Showtime 2003 in High Point, North Carolina.
Several photographs are presented highlighting the buyers and exhibitors during the Showtime exhibition of home textile held in High Point, North Carolina in December 2007, including Ken Towery and Scott Towery of TNT Fabrics and Laura Milgrim and Debbie Milgrim of Midas Fabric.
A photograph of several participants at the High Point Market home textile exhibition in High Point, North Carolina is presented.
Comments on the financial stability of the customer during the fabrics Showtime in High Point, North Carolina. Implications of negative reactions over neglected facilities; Issues concerning the buying practices in the sampling show Showtime; Features of the show.
The article discusses the Showtime fabric fair held in June 2012 in High Point, North Carolina.
Focuses on the Summer Showtime 2003 in High Point, North Carolina. Date and location of the event; Fabric design displayed at the show; Details on the construction and color of the materials.
The article offers brief information on Showtime, a semi-annual fabric trade show, to be held in High Point, North Carolina from June 1-4, 2014.
Reports on trends in home textiles which will be featured at the 2002 Showtime in High Point, North Carolina. Decorative fabrics; Contemporary; Prints and wovens.
Photographs of several participants at the semiannual Showtime fabrics show held in High Point, North Carolina in March 2009 including Jim Calhoun, Sue Dunn and Michael Thomas are presented.


I am trying to add a ethernet switch under preferences and whichever image I try to select i get an error message stating it is not a valid IOU image. It appears that I do not have an IOU image. The issue is that when I try to exit out of preferences I have no other option than to kill the application.
Neither the back button nor the exit button on the window seems to work.
I am using OSX mavericks and beta 4 of gns3.


text:
Herat's historic glasswork industry sees revival after year of downturn
The traditional glasswork industry has long been a driver of foreign and domestic tourism in Herat province.
Ghulam Sakhi Saifi, 50, has been involved in the glasswork industry in Herat city, Afghanistan, for the past 40 years. He inherited the profession from his family. Saifi produces about 60 varieties of glass items daily, including dishes, containers, vases, candlesticks and other objects. [Omar/Salaam Times]
HERAT -- Located just off the historical Ikhtiyaruddin castle in Herat city is a small glasswork workshop that has recently reopened.
A 50-year-old man sits near a kiln full of molten glass that is likely more than 1,000 degrees Celsius hot as he stokes the fire.
Ghulam Sakhi Saifi, who has been involved in the glasswork industry in Herat city for the past 40 years, produces about 60 varieties of glass items daily, including dishes, containers, vases, candlesticks and other objects.
He began working when he was seven with his father, who taught him the craft.
Ghulam Sakhi Saifi, 50, makes a glass item at his workshop October 3 in Herat city. [Omar/Salaam Times]
Wahid Ahmad Hamidi, an antiques shopkeeper in Herat city, holds a locally made glass vase October 6 at his store. [Omar/Salaam Times]
He spins the molten glass on an iron tube, then takes the tube out of the flames and blows in it.
Saifi said the traditional glass-making industry is one of the main pillars of Herat's modern civilisation and culture.
"When I first started in the industry, our work was very good," he said. "But the civil war broke the back of this historical industry."
"Foreign tourists came to our factory every day, but as the conflict intensified, the numbers decreased," he said.
"I want to revive the traditional glasswork industry ... which does not exist in many countries around the world, and yet it has a special value."
To keep the tradition alive and expand the industry in the future, Saifi trains young people in his workshop.
Four years ago, there were four traditional glass-making workshops operating in Herat city.
Throughout the last year, all four workshops halted operations due to conflict and instability.
Bolstering tourism
There are more than 10 antiques shops near Herat old city's Jami Masjid that sell hand-blown glass items.
Wahid Ahmad Hamidi, an antiques shopkeeper in Herat city, said many tourists come specifically to buy traditional glassware.
"My father had an antiques shop for nearly 70 years and most of his customers were foreign tourists," he said. "I will continue my father's legacy and not allow the historical traditional glasswork industry to diminish."
"An American who came to my shop five months ago said that the purpose of his visit was to buy traditional glass," he said. "He bought a set of dishes, three vases and some candlesticks."
Afghan tourists also come to Herat from different provinces to buy traditional glass objects, he added.
Khalid Sultani, an antiques shopkeeper in Herat city, said most of his customers were from the United States, Canada and European countries.
"Glass dishes and objects are very famous because they are handmade and elegant, and attract foreign tourists' attention," he said. "Tourists buy them as souvenirs for their family and relatives."
"Many tourists used to come to my shop until two years ago. Now there are far fewer visitors," he said.
Thriving history
According to anthropologists, the traditional glasswork industry in Herat province dates back to the Timurid period about 650 years ago.
At that time, dozens of traditional glass workshops operated all over Herat and produced all kinds of glass.
Zalmay Safa, the head of Herat's historical sites, said that after the Timurid era, the traditional glasswork industry in Herat flourished during the reign of Mohammad Zahir Shah, which ran from 1933-1973.
"During the reign of Mohammad Zahir Shah, thousands of foreign tourists came to Herat every year and bought the traditional glass. For this reason, more than 20 glass workshops were active, and hundreds of people were employed in the industry," Safa said.
Following the start of the civil war in 1978, "the traditional glasswork industry faced stagnation year after year", he added.
The traditional glasswork is highly valued as one of the ancient industries of Herat and the region, said Abdul Qayyum Waziri, the head of Herat's cultural heritage advocates association.
"The traditional or manual glasswork industry attracted many tourists in the past ... Unfortunately, the continuation of conflict impacted the industry to a standstill, and many glass factories were forced to cease operations," he said.
"In the current situation, the revival of a traditional glass workshop in Herat is promising and can contribute to the restoration of the industry once again," he added.
Waziri said locals, not just tourists, must buy traditional glass objects so that the industry can flourish once again.
Any activity that strengthens the country's economy and people makes me happy. Afghanistan, particularly Herat, has many industrial attractions attractive to domestic and foreign tourists. Various industries in Herat, especially painting, pottery, glasswork etc. are beautiful and admirable. Unfortunately, during more than 40 years of destructive and imposed war, these industries have been significantly damaged, and many have even been destroyed. The governments of Afghanistan, especially in the 20 years of the republic, did not pay the required attention to this sector, which caused these industries to shrink day by day. I expect that a comprehensive government will be formed in Afghanistan and the war will end in the country so that the Afghan government, instead of excessive expenditures in the military sector, can concentrate on these industries, which are both income-generating and makes our history and past alive.
So far, I have not visited Herat, but your reports made me fall in love with Herat. You always publish good articles about Herat's education, civilization, and agriculture. I have heard that Herat has remained the Afghan rulers' political and cultural center. More attention should be paid to Herat, but at the same time, Afghans should be aware of the fact that Iran is claiming ownership of Herat. I read an article on Wikipedia Farsi (that article was only in Persian and not in other languages). It was written that Herat was a part of Iran's territory and should be rejoined with Iran. I think there is something in Iran's military doctrine that says Herat should be connected to Iran. This means that Afghanistan lies between two beasts or ravenous dogs (Iran and Pakistan), so Afghans should be smart, open channels of understanding, and establish relations with the international community.
War shatters glassblowing craft in Afghanistan
As the craft declines, survival is becoming a growing challenge for the glassblowers in Herat, including Ghulam Sakhi, whose family has been making Herati glass for '200 or 300 years'.
Veteran craftsmen keep Herat traditional tile making alive
The artisans use centuries-old techniques at the traditional tile making workshop inside the Grand Mosque in Herat city.
Badakhshan sees spike in tourism amid improved security
Local residents are the biggest beneficiaries from the resurgence of visitors to the region, officials say.


With Christmas is coming very fast we have fantastic news this week the HL7 Lighted Wall Mounted Magnifying Mirror has come back into stock just in time.
The unique features of this lighted wall mount mirror are the large 25cm diameter mirror and the soft halo lighting is uses to show your face in the most natural way. There has been plenty of discussion about the colour of LED lit mirrors with the colour being stark white which is not the best to use when trying to apply the right colour combination cosmetics to your features.
With the HL7C there is no need to worry, however lighting in most bathrooms generally through the position of the overhead light fittings that can either throw a shadow over your face or the light bounces of the standard wall mirror found in most bathrooms. Either way it makes it very difficult to do such things as put makeup on, pop your contact lenses in or attend to any eyelash issues. With the halo mirror its light reaches every part of your face including under your eyebrows through light coming on the face from every possible angle. If you have a dark bathroom then application of makeup can be difficult, this mirror will solve that issue forever.
With the 25cm diameter mirror it shows your whole face with a gentle 3 times magnification. The transition from looking into the 3 time magnification back into your normal bathroom mirror is easy for your eyes to adjust. Speaking of the normal bathroom mirror we get a lot of enquiries asking why this mirror is not double sided. Double sided for those who don't know the term means on one side the mirror is magnified and on the other it is standard with no magnification. Our answer revolves around the fact why would you look in to a 25cm diameter normal magnification when generally one whole wall in bathrooms these days has the same mirror or non magnified if you like.
Generally people use the normal bathroom mirror for a quick check to see if all is order, the magnified side on the HL7C is meant for close up work. So our view is generally double sided mirrors are a waste unless of course you have a travel style model which makes it very handy when on the run.
I should also say that this mirror plugs into a nearby power point with a short curly cord; many people ask how does the light come on because they can't see the cable. Our photographer does not like a messy image so the cord is tucked away where you can't see it. There is a push button on off switch located on the mounting plate that screws to the wall making it easy to operate and you will not be required to turn the power point switch on and off all the time.
The HL7 lighted wall mounted magnifying mirror comes in several variation those being Chrome or Gold finish and wired to plug straight into a power point or no curly cord so it can be direct wired to the wall without the need of a nearby power point.
Thats it for this week so keep smiling enjoy the shopping and have a great run up the Christmas.


text:
Ariane Littman
Bibliography and Webography
Company Collaborations
Index of Works
MenuHomeCVBiographyBibliography and WebographySelected PublicationsExhibitionsMediumsInstallationsPerformancesPhotographyVideosWorksCollaborationsCompany CollaborationsArtist CollaborationsIndex of WorksContactTimeline
Embryo 2019
Masada – HerStory: The performance
After The Watchman
Twins Embryos 2017-2018
Grafted Land 2016-2017
The MapLand Project (since 2001)
Healing or the Symbolic Space of Wounded Land
Wounded Land: A Trilogy (2010-2015)
The Spring 2013-2015
Grafted Land/ Installation 2015
DADA-Jerusalem
The Mount of Olives
Sewing Jerusalem Maps
Dressed Land
The Green Thread
Sea of Death
Shredded Land
Wounded Land Maps (2009-2013)
Lost Spaces (2009)
Wounded Landscape
Burial (2007)
Wounded Forests (2006)
Surgical Operation
Wounded Land
Blazing Shield (2005)
Border Land, alternative way of mapping Jerusalem 2011-12
Smoking Utopia #2
Border Land: an introduction
Dead End
Smoking Utopia
The Photographers (2004-2007)
Kissufim Labyrinth
The House on the Borderline
Moonlight in Gaza (2006)
Donald Duck's Dream
Erasure / Mehika
In-Between (2005)
The Mobile Wall
The Jerusalem Scrolls
Red Lines
Café Moment
Hidden Maps
Border Land
White Land
The Mobile Forests (1992-2015)
Letters to God (2005)
Pope Benedict XVI in the Holy Land (2009)
The Holy Land Project (1994-2002)
The Blue Box (1997-2002)
Homage to Joseph Beuys
Pro-visions # 1
Holy Air
Holy Land for Sale
None of Your Sting, None of Your Honey
The U-V Sterilizers
Invitation to a Voyage
The Holy Land Bottles (1993-1996)
The Olive Story 1998
The Olive Pickers
Behind the Wall
Hidden Correspondence, The Gaze
Pro Vision #5
Correspondence, Olive barrels
The Nurturing Vessel, Israel Milk
Virgin of Israel and Her Daughters
Mother Land
Heara art events:'Here it is not Switzerland'
Black Coffee (Café Bots)
Jerusalem Puzzle
Map Land
The Bridge, 1996
When invited by Susan Landau, curator of the Contemporary Art Department at the Israel Museum, to choose a site in Jerusalem for a work "in situ", I felt from the outset that the Old City and the Judean Desert would be an integral part of it. I then set out on my quest, driving, walking, and taking pictures in search of the site that would inspire me.
It was on one of these occasions, in the vicinity of Mount Zion that I caught a glimpse of the Cinemateque bridge.
Erected in 1988, the bridge offers a panoramic view of Mount Zion and the Walls of the Old City, the Sultan's Pool and Mishkenot Sha'ananim, while encompassing the dramatic drop of the Hinnom Valley stretching into the Judean Desert toward the Dead Sea.
From its infinite detail to its overall majesty, everything about this landscape was breathtaking. As I stood on the bridge I wished time would stand still for a short while, so I could indulge in pure contemplation.
I had found my site.
I envisioned a colored turquoise roof that would follow along the strong curves of the bridge, forming a protected lookout post. A telescope placed at that point would furthered the reach of human perception as I felt that this public omnipotent gaze, offered to anyone who inserts a coin in the telescope, satisfied our natural delight in voyeurism and scopic mastery.
The telescope fulfilled the naive function of touristic sightseeing while bringing to mind the military posts scattered along the borders, keeping in tune with Jerusalem's sensitive history.
I also turned an existing semi-circle into a meeting place, shielded from the noise by large Plexiglas windows; benches were installed as well as a round table in which a chess board made out of local pine and olive wood was inserted. There, in a Duchampian spirit, I played checkers with Holy Land bottles full of precious water, soil, oil, and incense; ready-mades usually sold to pilgrims who wish to take back with them a piece of the Holy Land.
In a way, this performance taking place by the Walls was symbolizing History's unpredictability.
Milly Heyd
Jerusalem: Anti-Myth
"Ariane Littman-Cohen symbolized the "unbridged bridge" in an installation which she called "Temporary Observation Point". This was situated on the B'nai B'rith Bridge leading to the Jerusalem Cinemateque and overlooking the Arab village Silwan. By Enveloping the bridge in blue polyester she changed the original view of the construction associating the new structure with an "umbilical cord" extending towards the east. Slabs of blue polyester were installed in space, reaching toward the desert landscape as the artist sent her sign language towards it.
It was a language which tried to communicate, to hold out abstract blue "hands" to the Arab village in order to create a new aesthetic which would bring the two parts of the city together. The messages were artistic ones as the pattern of the blue slabs associated with blue patches of color seemed to be reaching the other side. This reaching out was done on the aesthetic level, refraining from using conventional political rhetoric. An obvious wish was expressed: that art be a bridge between the two conflicting peoples on the two sides of Jerusalem.
The interior of the structure includes two stations: a telescope and a game of draughts (checkers). The game is played on a board bought in the Old City, and the players consist of ready-made bottles of four substances labelled respectively "Holy Water from the Jordan River", "Earth from Holy Land" , "Holy incense from the Holy Land"; and "Olive oil from the Holy Land". The bottles are divided into opposing white and red groups. The game brings the two groups together while playing with and questioning the various myths. Who will win, who will lose, white bottles, red bottles? The red or the whites? Perhaps each will win or lose in turn? Winning and losing is reversible.
Littman-Cohen's game replaces Duchamp's chess game, which is masculine, by a game of draughts, which she labels with a play on the french, Jeu de Dames, with an ironic twist to give a feminine connotation. In colloquial Hebrew however, the game implies "eating" the opponent and thus it puns with biblical verse: "the land.. .is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof (Numbers 13:32), as in the spies' report about the land of Israel. Through the linguistic associations the feminine game becomes the terrible archetypal mother earth, the devouring mother. So it is also a game playing with the various layers of meaning while moving from humor and irony to a solemn realization of the implications.
The game is played on an ideal turquoise circle- the archetypal shape which represents ideal Jerusalem in the three monotheistic religions.
The telescope overlooking the village turns to gaze into a means of overcoming alienation between the west part of the city and the Arab village. It emphasizes the position of the artist as spectator. It also comments on Ariane Littman-Cohen's artistic language which is "cool" and is centered on the sense of sight (rather than on tactile values). It is the external reflexive approach which relates to inner thinking.
The telescope also projects a sense of power- those who are able to see further are those who control. "It enables to see further, to see even more, to look at the people in the village, how they hang their laundry, to get closer," as Ariane Littman-Cohen says. And yet she adds: " we are here, they are there and like in camera obscura we see things, yet remain detached from it- we remain outsiders". Thus, it is false power, devoid of the real possibility of communicating. The aestheticism of the whole project stands in sharp contrast to its content, the aesthetic bridge remains unabridged. The gap between form and content constitutes the irony of the project."
Extract from Milly Heyd- Jerusalem, Anti-Myth' in: The Real and ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art, Jewish Art Vol 23/24 1997-1998 pp. 597-99, edited by Bianca Kuhnel, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Exhibited in: Marks, Artist Works Throughout Jerusalem, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, 1996
Susan Landau, Marks: Artists Work Throughout Jerusalem, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem 1996 (Hebrew/English)
Milly Heyd, Jerusalem: Anti-Myth, in The Real and the Ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art, Jewish Art, vol. 23/24, 97-98, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, edited by Bianca Kuhnel, pp.597-99
Jerusalem, Anti-Myth' in: The Real and ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art
Jewish Art Vol 23/24 1997-1998 pp. 597-99
Milly Heyd- Jerusalem, Anti-Myth' in: The Real and ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic …
Dr. Milly Heyd
in 'The Real and the Ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art,' Jewish Art, …
Curator: Susan Landau
Marks: Artists Work Throughout Jerusalem/סימנים, אמנים עובדים בחוצות ירושלים
The Israel Museum, Jerusalem
(Hebrew/English) אוצרת: סוזן לנדאו ,מוזיאון ישראל, ירושלים
This Project was exhibited in
Artists Work Throughout Jerusalem, The Israel Museum Jerusalem 1996 Curator: Susan Landau Ten Artists from israel and abroad, invited by the Israel Museum, selected different sites in the city ...


Without a doubt, freelancing is a promising source of income. It allows you to work wherever and whenever you please, as long as you deliver the output based on the specified deadlines. It offers flexibility and convenience. However, if you believe that freelancers do not need to have an office, you might want to think again. You can work even in your bedroom or in a coffee shop. Still, it will be better if you will have an office. It does not necessarily need to be a big office. It could be a coworking space, such as thecommondesk.com.
Networking is important for freelancers. It is not just an opportunity to gain new friends but also to find potential clients. If you are in an office, such as a coworking space, you will be meeting other people, including freelancers providing other services. This is the perfect opportunity to find prospects you can be working with in the near future. You should not think about the costs of having an office. Consider it as an investment. It can grow significantly since you are able to have a bigger network. Opportunities will soon pour!
If you want to build your reputation as a freelancer, you also need to have an office. A virtual office in Oak Cliff, such as the Common Desk, can be more than enough. It gives you a physical address that clients would know. In their eyes, you will be viewed as someone who is reliable compared to a freelancer who hops from one crowded coffee shop to another to do things. In a nutshell, it makes you look more legitimate in the eyes of everyone. It helps you to maintain a professional appearance, making it easier to find new clients.
Working at home can make you lose your mind, specifically because of boredom. You will just be in front of your computer throughout the day. You definitely need to be surrounded with other people. This is another reason why it is important for freelancers to have an office. You will have people around you, especially if you choose to be in a coworking space. You can have an interaction with other people, which will also be effective in fighting stress due to your work. There are also events and workshops that you can be part of.
To become more productive as a freelancer, you will benefit from having an office. Again, in this case, we are referring to a coworking space and not the traditional office. It makes you more productive because of the environment. People around you are working, and hence, it will be less tempting to just lounge around. At home, you might end up just lying on the couch and watching TV throughout the day.
With the things that have been mentioned above, if you are a freelancer, you should be convinced by now that you need an office.


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Murray The Magician
Larger-than-Life Illusions Merged with Music and Dancing
Laugh Factory, Tropicana Las Vegas - A Doubletree by Hilton.
Must be 5 years of age or older.
Murray John Sawchuck is Murray the Magician. He is also an illusionist, actor, and comedian too. Some people call him the "Dennis the Menace of Magic" because he uses comical mishaps to create his magic tricks and illusions. He also has electric blonde hair and kind of looks like Dennis the Menace too.
About Murray The Magician
Murray first made a name for himself after his appearance on the NBC reality television series America's Got Talent. Approximately 22 million viewers watched as he made a 1918 steam train locomotive disappear in a matter of a few seconds. Although he didn't win on the show, Murray was a semifinalist who beat dozens of other contestants.
His America's Got Talent fame led him to find opportunities as a magician in Las Vegas. Murray does not do small-time magic acts. He specializes in extra large illusions and tricks, like making the locomotive disappear. Some of his other illusions include making a Ferrari suddenly appear in mid-air and turning a beautiful showgirl into a nearly 500-pound tiger.
Audiences stay entertained and engaged throughout this 60-minute show. Murray the Magician does not hold back on its extravagance. It goes the extra mile to wow audiences and amazes them from beginning to end. Two of Murray's signature illusions take place at the center of the audience. All the guests get to have a 360-degree view of the illusions, making them more personal and intrusive.
No one will ever feel far away from Murray. The showroom design makes everyone in the audience feel as if they are next to Murray, including when he's standing on stage. If you want to see a unique Las Vegas show in 2021, you will not be disappointed with Murray's performance.
Murray has some music and dance skills too. He incorporates these skills into his magic acts to further entertain his audiences. The energy brought to his magic acts is surreal. You can tell that he is a magician in Las Vegas who truly loves what he does for a living. He will keep you mesmerized and entertained simultaneously.
Murray has continued to make appearances on television shows in addition to his work in Vegas. His most notable appearances were on VH1's Celebracadabra, Pawn Stars, The Jadagrace Show, Glow, Masters of Illusion, Reno 911!, Last Comic Standing, and the Jerry Lewis Telethon.
Vegas Lens offers lower prices on tickets to see Murray the Magician in Las Vegas. Reserve your spot as early as possible because these tickets sell fast. The show takes place at the Laugh Factory in the Tropicana Hotel in Las Vegas. You can bring children as young as five years old to the show. The illusions are large but family-friendly for sure. Your kids will love to see the magic of this very talented magician in Las Vegas.
Murray performs several nights a week at the Tropicana Hotel. He also makes YouTube videos, where he uses magic to help homeless people and entertain people on the streets. If you've never seen Murray perform live, watch his YouTube videos. They will inspire you to want to watch him in person.


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Verstappen on why Hamilton clash was 'a shame' – and his 'reasons' for not obeying team orders in Sao Paulo
Max Verstappen was left with no regrets over his failed overtake on Lewis Hamilton during the Sao Paulo Grand Prix, while explaining that he had "reasons" for not returning a position to team mate Sergio Perez late in the race.
Verstappen attacked Hamilton for P2 after an early Safety Car restart but the pair came to blows in the middle of the Senna Esses, sending both drivers off the track and forcing the Dutchman to pit for repairs.
READ MORE: Russell takes maiden victory as Hamilton backs up Mercedes 1-2 in Sao Paulo
While Verstappen questioned over the radio where he was meant to place his car, the stewards were of the opinion that the Red Bull man was at fault and handed him a five-second time penalty – adding to an already tough recovery job.
Asked by Sky Sports F1 for his take on the clash after the race, Verstappen questioned Hamilton's approach, saying: "To be honest, I went around the outside, and I immediately felt he was not going to leave space. I just went for it, he didn't leave me space, so I knew we were going to get together.
2022 Sao Paulo Grand Prix: Hamilton and Verstappen make contact after Safety Car restart at Interlagos
"It cost him the race win, for me it gave me five seconds. It wouldn't have mattered anything for my race, because we were just way too slow. But it's just a shame, I thought we could race quite well together, but clearly the intention was not there to race."
Verstappen had worked his way up from P17 to P7 as the race entered its closing stages, when Red Bull informed him that he could pass Perez, who was struggling on medium tyres, in an attempt to attack the cars ahead.
READ MORE: Russell left 'speechless' by breakthrough F1 win after 'emotional rollercoaster' for Mercedes in 2022
However, it was under the proviso that if he failed to make up ground, Verstappen would give the place back to Perez, who is in a close fight for P2 in the drivers' standings with Ferrari driver Charles Leclerc – something the reigning double world champion refused to do, before explaining his reasons in his post-race interviews.
"That's why I first went to speak to the team before I came here. We put everything on the table why, and I gave my reasons. I'm not going to say why, but I think they understood. I already explained it to them before, so it was not new to me, and not new to them," said Verstappen.
Verstappen led Perez home after refusing to give a position back to his team mate
"I think it's more important as a team now that we finally sat together, altogether, and we really put everything on the table, and we move forward. We go to Abu Dhabi, of course we want to win the race, but also if there's a chance to help Checo I will, but that's why it was important we had this meeting now."
Verstappen added that he could understand his team mate's frustration, but reiterated that he had his reasons and, when pushed if it had anything to do with the Monaco Grand Prix weekend, where Perez signalled an early end to Q3 with a crash, he said: "You can decide that; I'm not going to say it."
READ MORE: Sainz pleased with 'great fightback' to podium as Leclerc explains team orders request in Brazil
For Perez's part, the Mexican vowed to "keep working together as a team" after discussing the situation internally, as he was left to rue his late-race slump on harder tyres, with his rivals overhauling him on softs.
"It was really disappointing. It went from bad to worse after the Safety Car. We were on the wrong tyre, and we were just a passenger. I couldn't get any temperature into the tyre, and I could just see them getting by, so I was really really disappointed. Now to Abu Dhabi, [which I'm] looking forward [to] massively," he summed up.


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« A Huge Thank You & the LPL Chinle AZ Recap to show fruit of your prayers!
On Tuesday, November 8th, we will elect the next president of the United States. Each one of us who chooses to exercise our right to vote will mark the ballot having weighed not only every option but the realistic consequences of the option we're choosing.
The gravity of it this go-round is like lead weight in feet of clay. The voting booth is a house of mirrors where we are forced to face ourselves all by ourselves. We have before us the rulers we've demanded. And, of course, none of them can save us. None of them can "save our country," whatever that now means. None will keep all their promises, even if they mean to. Want to. We're reduced to damage control. It's a heck of a way to cast a vote but most of us, myself included, will do so nonetheless.
In our uncivil war we are weighing the sins of our candidates like jagged stones stacked on our personal pan-size Scales of Justice. Once we've properly reaffirmed everything we already believed, we congratulate ourselves by hurling the stones at anyone who doesn't see our enemies the same way. We simultaneously demonize and deify those of other opinions, telling them they're idiots while holding them personally, publicly responsible in advance for all the inevitable transgressions of their candidate. Meanwhile we are collectively committing a sin ultimately more consequential than anything the media can uncover on our candidates between now and Election Day.
If "we" does not include you, I'm not talking to you. No need to get offended or defensive. If we are not you, this is not about you. It's about the rest of us.
We have misplaced our faith. Our blood-curdling fear has given us away. And unrelieved, force-fed fear is making us crazy.
Grieve, mourn, and weep, James 4:9-10 says. Turn your laughter into mourning and your joy into despair. Humble yourselves before the Lord and he will exalt you.
God could do something new but we've lost our hope. We want back what we've seen instead of believing Him for what we haven't.
We are driving drunk on rage, swerving all over the road, fenders dangling and headlights shattered from our collisions with one another. Any means to our end. It's okay to lie to shove people to the truth. To bully, harass and threaten people publicly and relentlessly into doing the right thing. To twist the facts to straighten this mess out. To pull the covers off our opposition and throw them over our candidate. Our witness to the world has become the crimson-faced hysterical screams of armageddon after Jesus said "Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom." (Luke 12:32) We are so void of vision that all we can see is a big fat "T" in the road ahead. It's right or left. There is no other way.
Poor, poor God. He's down to His last two options. And poor, poor us for having such a poor, poor God.
This is what the Lord says— he who made a way through the sea, a path through the mighty waters (Isaiah 43:16) can also make a way in the wilderness and streams in the wasteland (Isaiah 43:19).
When the Word became flesh, He didn't even bother parting the sea to get to His boatload of followers engulfed in the storm. Divine feet made a floor out of suds.
"Jesus is not running for president," someone said to me recently.
And, of course, she was right. He's running the universe. But she'd never know that by us. And this is the cue where we roll our eyes because, after all, we're talking about reality here. This isn't Sunday School. We have to think practically especially on an election year. Placing the whole of our faith, the totality of our future, entirely in the hands of God is naïve in times like ours, we reason. Save it for church, providing you can find one where faith's welcome past the mat. It doesn't apply in the real world. It's Theology for Dummies. Grossly naïve.
But the Bible has a different definition of naiveté. In the Scriptures placing trust in human flesh and blood is pitifully naïve. There, imagining God limited to human options is the epitome of naiveté.
Come November, we cast our votes. But if we cast our confidence into our candidates, woe be unto us.
Unbelief is not just the absence of faith as if it leaves a vacuum. It's the substantive presence of spiritual infidelity. It's not just an omission. It's a form of rebellion. What we are doing with our candidates is idolatrous. In theological terms, adulterous. When this inch of history is recorded in the annals of heaven, it will not be the scandals of our candidates that slacked the jaws of angels. It will be the unbelief of the church.
Jesus never once sat on a throne here. The closest He got was the back of a donkey. God did not blaze a trail with the gospel galloping on a horse through the halls of government. He did it through cheap sandals flapping on the grass. Through the mouths of ordinary, law-abiding citizens who had the guts to defy the order to keep their mouths shut.
It is the world's way to associate power with people at the top but the power of the gospel is at the bottom. In God's hierarchy, the way up is down. Divine power comes from on high, not up high. The kings and queens of Planet Earth still have to bow low for power from the loft.
We're terror-stricken like our entire future is dependent upon what happens on November 8th. What happens that day is momentous. The ramifications are profound. We cast our votes prayerfully. Carefully. We plead for wisdom. But the church of Jesus Christ doesn't rise or fall on the fleshy back an election.
We have our God. He has His people. And we are not a few. We don't even have to fully agree with one another to be a colossal force for the gospel. All we have to do is agree with God that nothing is too difficult for Him and that no amount of mortal elbow grease can back His throne into a corner. He cannot be overruled. And it is He alone – I cannot say this loudly enough – it is He alone who truly loves the world. To think we care more than He does is remarkable hubris.
Whatever happens in November, the responsibility for the gospel is coming back to us. It's not the government's job. Seed spreads best ground level. We are only as powerless as our passivity. We still have voices to raise at deafening volume for the vulnerable. We still have knees to drop in contrition and desperate need for intervention. We still have feet to run to the aid of those in crisis like single mothers who need support. Like under-served school kids who need tutors. Like neighbors who are being ostracized. Like homeless who need help with shelter. Like teenagers who turn up with unwanted pregnancies. Like the hated, mistreated, forgotten, overlooked, unheard. Paul didn't tell the government to overcome evil with good. He told us to.
Legislation is not the only way we effect change. We seek it. We fight for it. But, if we don't get it, it has never been God's only means to change. Issues we care so much about – like protecting the lives of the unborn, like relief for the poor, justice for all, eradication of racism and inequality – don't tumble off the table because the wrong person pulled up a chair to it. None of those are born of human concerns. They are God's concerns. To oppose those things is to oppose Him.
He could have taken simple routes to His will along the way, like putting it straight on Pharaoh's heart to free the Hebrew slaves. He didn't. He chased Moses down in the far side of the desert where he'd hidden because of his sin. And God made sure that the only route out for the people of God was the miraculous. He can also place the godly beside the godless in the highest places of government like He did Daniel, if we still have Daniels who are willing to stare down the throats of ravenous lions and entrust themselves to a maker never out of options.
We need our faith back. Without it we cannot stand. Without it we cannot please God. (Heb. 11:6) Without it we can't grasp joy. He still counts our faith as righteousness. (Romans 4:23-24) We live by faith. We love by faith. God foresaw this day and scheduled our births and our deaths within it. He entrusted us with the gospel and the gifting to share it. Imagine the great cloud of witnesses in Hebrews 12:1 gathered in the unseen stadium to watch our generation run our race. Can you picture them cheering from the stands, "Vote Trump!" "Vote Clinton!" "Vote _______________________!"?
I think they'd tell us to run valiantly by faith drenched with hope because this race ends well.
This entry was posted on Tuesday, October 18th, 2016 at 9:40 am	and is filed under Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.


This is one of my beloved Spice Girls, when I came to Texas 6 or 7 years ago I bought two black belly ewe lambs to eat the poison ivy, the other ewe I retired last year so no babies for her. This morning I walked through the ewes and sorted her out thinking by the size of her she was pretty close. I got her into a fresh clean pen with fresh bedding and left to run some errands, came home to two Ginger Babies, a buck and a ewe !


How to use Interdental Brush for removing interdental plaque.
An interdental brush is to be inserted from the side of the gap that the gum and two teeth formed (called interdental triangle). Insert it into not between tooth but into the gap that within the gum and two teeth.
Get through softly to the narrow gaps that conventional brushes could never reach and completely remove interdental plaque!
The interdental brush can be used upto 5 times with washing and taking care after used. It has to change when bristles are frayed or wire is bent.


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Ricardo Cardwell is a black man and a Donald Trump supporter. On Monday, Cardwell donned a red "Make America Great Again" hat and headed to the steps of the US Supreme Court, where hundreds of leftists were protesting President Trump's decision to pick Brett Kavanaugh to the bench.
Cardwell told a Briedbart reporter he had been approached by someone in the crowd who asked, "When was America great?" Cardwell's response was inspiring, so much so that the video of him explaining his answer was shared on Facebook over a 12 thousand times within the first hour of it being posted.
"She was somehow, let's say, [trying to] spark an emotional response," Cardwell said of the woman who posed the question. "What she was talking about was slavery," he added. "I guess she feels like, well since I'm black I have to relate to slavery and that's got to be a hot button issue."
He says the woman who asked the question didn't allow him to give his complete answer, but he was able to make his point. "America has been great from the very start," he replied. "Because this nation was founded on the principles of freeing us from tyranny."
Cardwell didn't glaze over the fact that slavery existed, instead he pointed to the fact that many were against slavery and, eventually, did something about it.
"OK, there was slaves and so forth, but there were a lot of people of all colors — let's say white — in this nation that did not feel like that was correct," Cardwell said. "And this nation from that time has been moving out of tyranny, from bondage in one way or another, whether it be from Britain or rather it be from slavery as a whole. And in case she didn't know, there was a Civil War."
"A whole lot of white people, if you look at history, died because they wanted this nation and people like myself to be free," he said. Cardwell got choked up, as he exclaimed, "I believe that."
He went on to say he loves this country "because it gives you the right to move yourself up out of any poor, bad position you're in, like no other nation."
"While some nations might step on you and say 'hey you're gonna stay like that' or they have the classism, we don't," he said. "What she's saying about this nation is horrible, basically saying it's full of racism and I should be stupid enough to believe that, when I'm sitting right here and I see people who are nice of all colors. And this fool wants to take us back to a time when everybody hates each other."
Watch the emtional interview here:
Related Topics:Donald TrumpFeaturedRacismSupreme Court
E. Brian Rose is the founder of Top Conservative and host of The EBR Show, a live call-in program syndicated on various sites across the Internet. He is a combat Veteran of the Somalia and Bosnia conflicts, best selling author, and former Republican candidate for U.S Congress.
WAR CRY: Trump Says US 'Locked And Loaded' in Wake of Saudi Arabia Oil Attack


KENNER, La. — A state court judge on Tuesday denied a request by the local taxi union for a court order that Kenner enforce a city occupational license law against Uber drivers.
Taxi drivers pay $50 annually to legally operate in the city of Kenner, and the taxi drivers' union claimed in a lawsuit that the ordinance unfairly favored Uber and Lyft drivers.
The judge's ruling effectively kills the lawsuit filed against the city of Kenner. Cab drivers in New Orleans won a similar lawsuit alleging unfair business practices.
Kenner's attorneys argued that the city is enforcing its occupational license law with regard to Uber drivers in the same exact way that the law is enforced for any other business domiciled in the city. The taxi union claimed Kenner's ordinance favored Uber and Lyft drivers.
Kenner cab drivers and AFSCME Local 234 expressed disappointment with the judge's decision.
"Of course we are disappointed, but we will continue to work toward and fight for a level playing field between taxi drivers and app-based drivers," said Niran Gunaskera, President of AFSCME Local 234 and cab driver of 33 years.


At the age 13 Joan started hearing voices. They are like flashes of lightning and after the flash she instantly gets information.
"you need to help prince Charles get crowned"
She wants to join the French army. She cuts her hair to disguise herself. She also puts boy cloths on to look like a boy.
At five in the evening she did a surprise attack on the English. Once the English captured her they threw her into prison.
King Charles did not try to save her in any way after he was crowned.


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Soper-Wheeler Company > About Us > Fire Safe Projects > Pre-emptive war on fires
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Pre-emptive war on fires
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Masticator removes understory fuels
June 12, 2001 – Appeal-Democrat –
By Lois Gormley Appeal-Democrat
The low rumbling sound of the masticator reverberated through the trees, accented by the crack of timber as the machine's unyielding teeth tore a path through the woods, chewing up small, dead and sick trees along with dense underbrush.
Following in the path of the behemoth's tracks, the discarded carpet of shredded wood pulp, brush and tree limbs that crunch underfoot make walking a challenge, but has opened up the dense U.S. Forest Service land in a way only nature has been able to do in the past.
The larger trees, monuments to the forest's longevity, now have room to spread their limbs and prosper while smaller suckers growing off roots or from acorns that had fallen to the ground have been removed, said James Johnson, a forester with Applied Forest Management.
The mastication has also cleared away the thick brush and climbing foliage that could provide a ladder for wildland fires up into the older, healthy trees that are the mainstay of the forest, he said.
With the unseasonably hot, dry and windy weather the north state has experienced within the last month, conditions are ripe for major wildland fires and the 2001 fire season promises to be a fierce one.
Right side of the road has been treated, left side has not
Efforts like this one, on public and private lands north of Bullards Bar Dam near Camptonville, the area around the Oregon House lookout tower and in the area surrounding the Brownsville Aero-Pines Airport, can minimize the risk of a mid-summer wildland blaze sparked by lightning or other, less natural causes.
"We definitely have a fuels problem," said George Chapman, USFS fuels officer. "We take care of that by eliminating that fuel ladder."
The climbing brush and low hanging limbs provide wildfires with access from the ground into the crowns of large healthy trees, he said.
By trimming off those limbs, from 6 to 10 feet up or even higher and spacing little trees at least 20 feet or more away from larger ones, the fire can be kept on the ground, said Janet Cowell, USFS mastication contract and fuels assistant.
It has other bonuses too, including making things safer for firefighters. With more open space to work in they can put in a hose line faster, Chapman said.
The work that is done with the masticator is pretty much once in a career, Cowell said.
The underbrush then continues to be maintained every five to 10 years with controlled underburning or the use of herbicides, she said.
Forest treated for fuels is healthier and fire-resistant
"It's good that a program like this opens people's eyes and shows them there is something proactive they can do," Johnson said.
He said some private landowners resisted participating in the fire retention efforts because they did not like the sparse look of the forest afterward. But, most understand that the work they are doing could save their home or that of a neighbor and helps to keep the forest healthy.
In the area around the Brownsville airport along Wildcat Ridge, Soper-Wheeler Co. has also gone to great lengths to take proactive steps against wildfires.
Paul Violett, staff forester, said the company has had a masticator on hire for most of the last five years almost non-stop.
The lumber company, which has about 100,000 acres statewide, has used the masticator on most of its lands, he said.
At the Soper Ranch, the company began serious fuel treatment in 1987, including prescribed burning, Violett said.
He said the land near Brownsville is richly fertile for the growing of timber and brush.
"We grow a lot of trees and that means we grow a lot of fuel," Violett said. "We have to do that work that fire used to do in maintaining these fuels. It takes constant vigilance and maintenance of these efforts over time."
Two-fold protection
Although fuels treatment, much like logging, can be unsightly at first, once the grasses and wildflowers grow in, many people change their perceptions of the practice, he said.
The company not only considers it the neighborly thing to do, it also carries financial considerations.
The Pendola fire of 1999 burned up a 20-year-old plantation, the loss of which was not insignificant for them, Violett said.
Fuels reduction project completed
Currently the company is working with the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection's vegetation management program to conduct the underburning of about 500 acres near the Brownsville area, he said.
CDF Forester Ed Barnes said the vegetation management program has been in operation for about 20 years.
The program works with land owners on fuel reduction projects on their property, with the landowners doing as much or as little of the clearing as they are capable of, he said.
The purpose of the project with Soper-Wheeler, in the underbelly of Brownsville within the Willow Creek drainage, is actually two-fold, Barnes said.
It acts to further protect improvements and other work Soper-Wheeler Co. has done and it acts to protect the community of Brownsville, he said.
Barnes said CDF primarily works with landowners that contact the agency who are within selected areas that are strategic to fire protection – within a drainage or along a ridge.
CDF Division Chief Kelly Keenan said because of staffing limitations, the department can do only a certain number of burns each year.
Further tying their hands are changes in air quality regulations, he said.
The best alternative to burning is mastication, which leaves a mulch on the soil and increases the productivity of the forest, Keenan said.
Landowners seeking to reduce the fuels on their land can find monetary assistance through various programs like the Environmental Quality Incentive Program through the National Resource Conservation Service and the California Forest Improvement Program.
Chapman said the fuels treatment project being done on USFS land is funded by grant money and money set aside by the Clinton administration after the wildfires that ravaged many of the western states last season.
That money has also provided for more engines, personnel and other equipment like helicopters, he said.
They are hoping that additional funding will come their way this fiscal year, Chapman said.
On private lands, in certain dense areas, Yuba County is participating in a cost share program along with landowners.
Landowners hire contractors to come in and clear the underbrush on their property and pay anywhere from 20 to 75 percent of the cost depending on the size of their property, with the county picking up the balance, Johnson said.
Clearing with a masticator costs approximately $700 an acre and about $500 an acre by smaller machine. By hand the cost is about $800 per acre, he said.
From a fire fuels standpoint, Keenan said the CDF monitors the fuel moisture content of the forest stands twice a month, all year long, and currently conditions are extremely dry.
The moisture of dead fuels are at levels that normally wouldn't been until September and the live fuel levels are a minimum of two weeks ahead of where they should be, he said.
"Both live and dead fuels are very dry," he said. "We encourage people to clear around their structures."
But he stressed the work should be done in the early morning hours when the moisture levels of the vegetation are higher.
He said many people like to mow down their weeds, which is fine, but all it takes is one rock to cause a spark that could ignite the vegetation.
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Fuels Treatment Leads to Firefighting Success
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