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Thu, Aug 06, 2009 - Page 8 News List
Dialogue is not a zero-sum game
By Alexander Huang 黃介正
Late last month, Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo (戴秉國) and Vice Premier Wang Qishan (王岐山) led a large delegation of senior Chinese government officials to Washington to take part in the first US-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED). Based on Taiwan's longstanding bilateral friendship with the US and the recent improvements in cross-strait relations, we should pay close attention to the first senior dialogue between China and the US since US President Barack Obama took office.
Since establishing diplomatic ties in 1979, relations between China and the US have been fragile and in constant flux. Apart from leadership summits, most US-China dialogues have been carried out via bilateral discussions between different ministries. This practice has caused discrepancies between policy statements and implementation, leading to misunderstandings and distrust which have influenced overall bilateral relations between the two.
To deal with these problems, beginning in August 2005, the two sides decided to converge dialogues and use a cross-departmental format. By the end of last year, the US and China had held six "Strategic Dialogues" (the administration of former US president George W. Bush preferred the term "Senior Dialogues"), and five "Strategic Economic Dialogues," in which problems were dealt with in a comprehensive way. After Obama took office, China and the US merged these two dialogues to a single track — the S&ED — to handle increasingly complex bilateral affairs.
The issues discussed in the first US-China S&ED included the global financial crisis and economic recovery, climate change, energy, environmental protection, regional security and development. It would be unrealistic to expect fundamental solutions in one round of discussion for such a wide range of issues. However, the S&ED was still significant and the following four points are worthy of close attention.
First, the US' strategy toward China has been basically consistent over the years and has achieved certain results. During Bush's time in office, former deputy secretary of state Robert Zoellick said in New York in 2005 that it had been US policy for 50 years to "fence in the Soviet Union" while the goal of the past 30 years was "to draw out China" into the international community while encouraging it to become a "responsible stakeholder." Today, the Obama administration is continuing to hold this strategic vision and refine it.
Second, China's rise in economic and military power has received a great deal of attention in Washington. In past senior dialogues, China sent vice premiers to lead the delegations, while US ministerial-level officials led delegations. During the 2007 Strategic Economic Dialogue in Washington, then secretary of state Condoleezza Rice declined an invitation to a luncheon, asking former labor secretary Elaine Chao (趙小蘭) to represent her. But last year, Rice chose to commute more than one hour to Annapolis, Maryland, to personally participate in that dialogue. This time around, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton personally led the US delegation.
Third, the Department of State has regained a leading role in running US policy toward China. Over the past decade, Washington's policy circle has sometimes jokingly said that the US' China policy was run by the Pentagon for a long period after the 1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis, and that in recent years policy has been run by the US Department of the Treasury because of the increasingly complex nature of bilateral trade issues. The current convergence to a single dialogue mechanism to some degree symbolizes Clinton's efforts to reclaim a leading role in the US' China policy.
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text:
package util;

import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

import org.eclipse.jdt.core.ICompilationUnit;
import org.eclipse.jdt.core.dom.CompilationUnit;
import org.eclipse.jdt.core.dom.MethodDeclaration;

import edu.cmu.cs.crystal.AbstractCrystalMethodAnalysis;

/**
 * Prints the number of native methods we found, and the total number of methods found.
 * @author Nels E. Beckman
 *
 */
public final class NativeMethodFinder extends AbstractCrystalMethodAnalysis {

	// Ugh, statics...
	private static int numberNativeMethods = 0;
	private static int numberMethods = 0;

	@Override
	public void analyzeMethod(MethodDeclaration d) {
		numberMethods++;

		if( Modifier.isNative(d.getModifiers()) ) {
			numberNativeMethods++;
			System.out.println("Native method encountered: " + numberNativeMethods + " out of " +
					numberMethods + " total methods.");
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void afterAllMethods(ICompilationUnit compUnit,
			CompilationUnit rootNode) {
		System.out.println("Saw " + numberNativeMethods + " native methods out of " + numberMethods +
				" total methods.");
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Students will gain an appreciation of the text as an important piece of the Western cultural canon.


text:
Sustainability Parks + Wilderness Hiking Outdoor Camping Beaches + Islands Wildlife
Spirit bears of British Columbia's Great Bear Rainforest [PICs]
Sustainability British Columbia, Canada
Robin Esrock
Robin Esrock tops off his Canadian bucket list with a sighting of a very rare bear.
I'D TRACKED MANY Great Animals of the North over the last year, researching a book that would take me to every province and territory in the world's second largest country. Polar bears in Churchill, Manitoba; beluga whales on Somerset Island, high in the Arctic Circle; moose in Newfoundland; the world's only free-ranging herd of bison in the Northwest Territory's Wood Buffalo National Park — a park bigger than Switzerland. As bountiful as bears, wolves, and whales are in Canada, the Kermode sits apart.
The "spirit bear," as the Kermode is widely known, is protected by the First Nations in the Great Bear Rainforest, on the only two islands where it can be found. The Great Bear Rainforest, located on the coast of BC between Vancouver Island and Alaska, was established in the mid-1990s as a protected environmental region. It comprises 27,000 square miles of waterways and temperate rainforest, mostly in its natural state, abundant with wildlife.
It's also an area that has come under threat with the proposal of the Enbridge Pipeline, which would pipe oil from Albertan tar sands to the BC coast, and turn this pristine wilderness into an oil supertanker highway. The issue has galvanized First Nations communities, travelers, liberals, and environmentalists. Here's a small glimpse from my recent trip to the Great Bear Rainforest, and my search for the rare and elusive spirit bear.
[Editor's note: Robin was a guest of the King Pacific Lodge.]
Thanks to the Great Bear
To reach our destination, we flew to the mainland town of Bella Bella and caught a 45-minute floatplane over some of the most spectacular views on the West Coast. Hundreds of islands create feeding channels that attract migratory whales each summer. Our destination was the King Pacific Lodge on Princess Royal Island.
King Pacific Lodge
A floating luxury hotel, the King Pacific Lodge is barged in each summer from Prince Rupert, 80 miles away. Guests are treated to gourmet food; daily activities including fishing, heli-hiking, a full spa; and the main draw each September, bear watching.
Sunset return
One of KPL's boats returns from a successful afternoon of whale watching. The waters of the Great Bear Rainforest attract humpbacks, finbacks, and pods of resident, migratory, and offshore orcas. Their fate, along with that of the islands, is one of the primary concerns about turning the area into an oil tanker distribution center.
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We took a boat over to Gribbell Island, one of the two islands inhabited by the Kermode, or spirit bear. Unobtrusive wooden platforms have been erected along a creek where the bears feed on spawning salmon.
Marven the Bear Man
Nobody has done more to protect the bears of Great Bear Rainforest than local Gitga'at guide Marven Robinson. When National Geographic did a cover story on the spirit bear in 2011, Marven was the guy they called. He built the platforms, and personally educates visitors as they hope to catch a glimpse. "I'm here to protect the bears, not the people," he said.
Spirit bear (Kermode)
A 300lb male spirit bear appears down the creek. Kermode bears have a recessive gene that gives them a distinctive white coat. It's not a polar bear, and it's not an albino. A black bear mother might have a Kermode cub, and two Kermodes might have a black bear cub. There are fewer than 1,000 Kermode bears in existence, and they are unique to the Great Bear Rainforest.
Not a polar bear
The Kermode approaches, swiping at pools boiling with salmon. A black bear was also feeding in the creek, and chased away the Kermode. According to Marven, the bears can smell fear, on each other, and on people. Spirit bears have always been protected by the First Nations, and have never been hunted for their meat or fur. Hunting black bears in the region, who carry the recessive gene, still threatens to wipe out the Kermode population. Indigenous groups in the area recently took the initiative to ban trophy hunting in the Great Bear Rainforest, a direct challenge to government policies.
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Too close
How close can you get to the bears? Very close indeed. "Don't run away, just stand still!" advised Marven, when this black bear began to walk up the riverbank. It hung around for about 10 minutes, and then wandered off.
Community lodge
In the small Gitga'at community of Hartley Bay, our guide George showed us around the community centre, where families gather for feasts, pow wows, celebrations, and other special occasions. The community is dry (no alcohol allowed), linked by boardwalks, and comprised of six large families. There are about 200 band members, governed by a band council.
Granny's picture
George introduced us to his Granny, who proudly boasts "65 plus" grandchildren. This painting, in her living room, depicts her crest (the killer whale), in the embrace of her late husband (the eagle), bordered by their 11 children, with their numerous grandchildren represented by hearts. "It needs to be updated," she laughs.
Snobby sea lions
Orcas had been spotted in the area, and we were hoping for something special around Sea Lion Island, where hundreds of sea lions roared on a long narrow rock. These guys, on the other hand, were not impressed.
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Guests take kayaks out into Barnard Harbour to explore the starfish and marine life in the intertidal zone.
Me and Mr. Suzuki
The King Pacific Lodge prides itself on supporting the area and the communities within it, employing Gitga'at staff, and with sound environmental policies. Joining me for the weekend was David Suzuki, Canada's most outspoken environmentalist. "This is a faint shadow of what this country was," he tells me. "We're not charging the right price for the ecological damage we're causing." Suzuki has been at the forefront of the protest against the Enbridge Pipeline. (Photo credit: Ana Esrock)
Taking a swim in the cool waters that surround the floating lodge. At night, bioluminescence lit up the dark waters under the spotlight of stars.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Hip-hop thrives among Arab-Americans
By Brenda Payton |
PUBLISHED: May 5, 2007 at 3:47 a.m. | UPDATED: August 17, 2016 at 6:20 a.m.
IT was during a concert in Cairo, Egypt. Rapper Iron Sheik, or William Youmans, had just finished his performance.
"They were feeling my performance but they didn't really know what I was saying because of the language difference," Sheik said. "But suddenly a spontaneous dance party broke out. People were breakdancing. It looked like the early'80s in the South Bronx. I didn't expect that in Cairo. It's cool, to see the old hip-hop culture maintained and preserved overseas."
Sheik, 29, resists being called a pioneer of the Arab and Arab-American hip-hop Movement: "It makes me feel older than I am," he said. "Well, maybe I'm just old enough to be a pioneer."
Others say he was one of the first MCs to use Arab-American identity and politics as a basis of his music. He adopted the name Iron Sheik from a stereotypical professional wrestling character who performed in flowing robes and shoes with curled toes. He said he wanted to take the image of Arabs as bad guys and redefine it.
"Coming to the Bay Area really propelled me. It welcomes political music and encouraged me. I'm not sure if I would have had the inspiration to really do it if I had been someplace else," Sheik said.
In his music, Sheik, a Palestinian American, tackles the Israeli Palestinian conflict and the challenges of growing up Arab American.
For example, "Return, aka 194" focuses on the 1948 United Nations resolution that addresses the return of Palestinian refugees.
"A lot of Palestinians don't know it exists. It's an empowering song," Sheik said. "The most important reaction I get are from the Arab-American youth so used to the media stereotypes. When they see someone like themselves speaking out, not being ashamed, they are inspired by that. I tell them to speak for themselves. Stand up for who you are. Don't let other people define what it's like to be Arab-American. Define yourself."
Sheik and several other Arab and Arab-American rappers will perform today at "May Day: Hip Hop. An evening of hip hop for social change and political awareness" at La Pena in Berkeley.
Omar Offendem, who performs with N.O.M.A.D.S., and will join Sheik at today's concert, said Arabian culture's emphasis on poetry and rhythm provides a natural foundation for hip-hop. Offendem, 25, was born in Syria and has lived in the United States since he was 4.
"If you study the Arabic language, you are studying poetry. There is a huge emphasis on the power of the word. And there is an appreciation for rhythm. People love to sing and dance. It's no surprise that Arab or African immigrants find hip-hop exciting," Offendem said.
Just as African-American artists sample the music of their parents — R&B, soul and jazz — Arab-American hip-hop artists do the same.
"We incorporate old or classical Arabic music," he said. "Excentrik, my pal from the Bay Area, took it a step further and plays a number of Arabic instruments."
The hip-hop concert is part of La Pena's "Beyond Walls & Wars," a series of events highlighting Arab and Arab-American culture. Nadine Ghammache, one of the organizers of the series, said she was interested in focusing on Arab and American artists.
"I wanted to shift from Arabs always being seen in a political and a negative context and have them seen for the artistic contributions they make," she said.
Originally from Lebanon and Palestine, Ghammache said the series was a joint project of La Pena, San Francisco's Arab Cultural and Community and ACCESS, a group based in Dearborn, Mich.
It included political cartoonist Khalil Bendib, spoken-word artists, Iraqi musicians, classical Arab musicians, a North African fusion band and ASWAT, which performs Arabic poetry. "SlingShot Hip Hop," a documentary about Palestinian rappers living in Gaza, is the last event scheduled for the series.
"We're hoping the final version will be completed by the end of the year. It's got a lot of energy," Ghammache said. "It had people sitting on the edge of their seats."
Offendem said the nature of hip-hop allows it to express a variety of cultures.
"Hip-hop being the chameleon that it is, every corner of the globe infuses it with their own culture, making it new and fresh. That's the beauty of it," he said.
"May Day: Hip Hop," featuring Omar Offendem, Excentrik, Nizar Wattad, Iron Sheik and Head-Roc, 9 p.m. at La Pena Cultural Center, 3105 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley. $12 general, $10 students and seniors.
Brenda Payton


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Why Peter King thinks Jimmy Garoppolo key to 49ers making NFL playoffs
USATSI
By Marcus White July 17, 2019 1:35 PM
Jimmy Garoppolo has started and ended a season as the 49ers' starting quarterback, but never in the same year.
He joined San Francisco in a midseason trade in 2017, ending the year on a 5-0 run and signing a lucrative contract extension the following offseason. He tore his ACL in Week 3 last year -- his eighth start with the 49ers -- and missed the remainder of the season.
The 49ers went 3-10 in Garoppolo's absence, turning to both C.J. Beathard and Nick Mullens to fill the void for their franchise QB. Garoppolo is set to take the reigns under center once more, and NBC Sports' Peter King believes a healthy season from the quarterback is enough for San Francisco to end its five-year playoff drought.
"I think the 49ers are going to make the playoffs," King said Tuesday on "The Damon Bruce Show" on 95.7 The Game. " ... It's hard to say that in a vacuum. If Jimmy Garoppolo slips on a banana peel in September, they're not making the playoffs. But, I don't think you look at Jimmy Garoppolo [or Philadelphia Eagles quarterback] Carson Wentz necessarily and say, 'Well, they're doomed to a life of being injury-prone.'"
Because of last year's injury and his time backing up Tom Brady with the New England Patriots for the first three-and-a-half years of his career, a 16-game season in 2019 would be a first for Garoppolo. In fact, Garoppolo has only started 10 regular-season games in his career.
Five starts -- and six appearances -- for San Francisco in 2017 were enough for the 49ers to commit to Garoppolo long-term, but the sample size of his NFL career as a starter remains small. King noted that Garoppolo's torn ACL made him an outlier among starting QBs last season, given how much time he missed.
As long as Garoppolo remains healthy, King thinks the 49ers will learn a lot about him this season.
"This is a golden year for the 49ers, in my opinion, because we're going to be able to see what Kyle Shanahan has in Jimmy Garoppolo, and what Jimmy Garoppolo can do over the long haul." King said. " ... To me, they were the outlier last season, and if they had Garoppolo for 16 games, I think they would've been knocking on the door in December."
[RELATED: How 49ers' offense stacks up against NFC West rivals]
The 49ers undoubtedly missed Garoppolo last season, but making the playoffs won't depend upon him alone. San Francisco addressed some of its defensive shortcomings in free agency and the draft, and a pass rush that accounted for the 22nd-most sacks in the NFL (37) looks much-improved on paper. There still are question marks in the secondary, however, after the 49ers allowed more passing touchdowns (35) than everyone other than the Raiders.
In other words, the 49ers will have to worry about positions other than the one under center, whether or not Garoppolo hits the ground running.
Tags: NFL Playoffs, Peter King, NFL, San Francisco 49ers, Jimmy Garoppolo
Jon Gruden 'loved' Kyler Murray, Raiders were never trading for No. 1 pick
By Dalton Johnson May 28, 2019 10:45 AM
Did Raiders head coach Jon Gruden really consider pulling a control-alt-delete on quarterback Derek Carr to take Kyler Murray in the 2019 NFL Draft?
While Gruden admits he "loved" Murray, the Raiders coach told NBC Sports' Peter King that he never planned on picking the Heisman Trophy winner.
"That doesn't mean we were gonna take him" Gruden told King in the writer's latest Football Morning in America. "How do you not love his performance, his playing style, what he accomplished? I had a blast with him [when the Raiders worked him out pre-draft in Dallas]. We didn't think about going up to number one. We did look at [Nick] Bosa, [Quinnen] Williams, but not going to one."
Instead, the Raiders stayed at No. 4 and selected former Clemson defensive end Clelin Ferrell. That was a surprise in its own right, but there was plenty of speculation surrounding the Silver and Black selecting a quarterback early in the draft.
Despite Gruden and general manager Mike Mayock saying Carr is a "franchise quarterback," rumors swirled about the signal caller's future with the Raiders. The coach and GM did their due diligence on the position, though they say that had nothing to do with Carr's standing in the organization.
"We did our homework on the quarterbacks. You gotta know who's coming into the league at that position," Gruden said. "There was a lot of speculation that we were gonna take a quarterback. I kept watching a guy on NFL Network saying we're going up to get Murray. Then he says we're going up to get Haskins. Then he says we're going up to get Lock. We're trading Carr.
"I don't understand it."
[RELATED: Carr was 'annoyed' by speculation Raiders would draft QB]
Carr is still a Raider and already is more comfortable in Year 2 of Gruden's offense as he expressed during OTAs. Will the two co-exist for years to come, however?
That's the question that surely won't go away anytime soon.
Tags: Peter King, Jon Gruden, Oakland Raiders, Kyler Murray, NFL Draft, NFL
Raiders rank No. 19 in Peter King's 2019 NFL power rankings due to schedule
By Ali Thanawalla May 13, 2019 11:02 PM
The Raiders had a fascinating offseason as they added a lot of talent to the roster.
Antonio Brown, Trent Brown, Lamarcus Joyner, Tyrell Williams, Clelin Ferrell, Josh Jacobs, Johnathan Abram and several other draft picks joined the Silver Black over the last few months.
But the NFL schedule-makers may have offset all of that with an absolutely brutal road schedule in the first half of the 2019 season.
It's for that reason that NBC Sports columnist Peter King has the Raiders at No. 19 in his initial 2019 NFL power rankings.
King explains here:
"Such an interesting team, from the front office and the addition of Mike Mayock, to the offensive attack and the addition of Antonio Brown, to the run game and the addition of Josh Jacobs, to the secondary and the addition of tone-setter Johnathan Abram. I wonder if the schedule will make it very tough to be good—and not just the quality of opposition, but the way the slate is set up, with the Raiders going 48 days between games in Oakland in Week 2 and Week 9. And the Raiders finish with two straight on the road. Hard to imagine the Grudens being great this year, but they can, at least, set the stage for a bright future by hanging around .500."
[RELATED: Why Raiders don't want 'Hard Knocks']
The Raiders finished tied with the Jets and 49ers for the second-worst record in the NFL in 2018, so coming in at No. 19 is an improvement for Oakland.
Head coach Jon Gruden and general manager Mike Mayock have higher expectations than being the 19th-best team in the league, but they might have to settle for it considering the schedule they have to navigate.
Tags: Peter King, NFL, Ali Thanawalla, Oakland Raiders
Why Peter King thinks Jimmy Garoppolo key to 49ers making NFL playoffs Jon Gruden 'loved' Kyler Murray, Raiders were never trading for No. 1 pick Raiders rank No. 19 in Peter King's 2019 NFL power rankings due to schedule Why 49ers-Steelers Week 3 will be first big test of Nick Bosa's career Why Peter King believes Marshawn Lynch has Pro Football Hall of Fame case Khris Davis' bargain A's contract gets noticed by NFL writer Peter King 2019 NFL Draft: How Peter King would use Raiders' three first-round picks Why Peter King believes ex-Raiders punter Shane Lechler has Hall of Fame case Peter King: I wouldn't have traded Khalil Mack for four first-round picks
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Traveling to Mkushi takes approximately 4 hrs from the capital city Lusaka. There's pretty good roads for the most part, except where we had to pay the toll…then it got bumpy for a short while. Also, the local Mkushi roads aren't the greatest…but definitely passable.
We went to ATB lodge which has been in the area for many years. It's located in a heavy farming area with some villages within short distances. The area is mountainous, very green in the rainy season and dusty in the summer. It gorgeous any how and the air smells clean!
We had delish lunch cooked by the lovely Mutanda who is the daughter of the proprietor. She's also the one that arranged the local women for training. We did hand-washing, menstrual pads and general discussion on the needs of the women in the community.


MaryKate Townsend, CAIB, Principal Broker, Sr. Underwriter & Manager for Pacific Marine Underwriters Ltd. (PMU) Ontario & Manitoba. When Mary Kate is not volunteering, working or attending boating events, she enjoys spending time with her family and close friends, and enjoys a round of golf, playing softball and gardening.
Too many, she is known as MK. But many brokers also know her as the President of the 350 member London Insurance Brokers Association (LIBA). In 2017, MaryKate had the privilege of representing LIBA when board members were recognized for their hard work and dedication, by winning Affiliate of The Year at the IBAO Convention held in Ottawa, ON. "One of the main reasons we won", says MaryKate, "is our mandate to engage in the community. We host many events for our membership and we are working towards our philanthropic goals to give back to our local community. We have a wonderful partnership with our members who are very supportive of our endeavours."
MaryKate began her career in Insurance as an agent with a Mutual Insurance company, before taking the leap into the broker channel. MaryKate joined the Pacific Marine team In January 2014. "I am honored to be a strategic partner with many brokers throughout Ontario and Manitoba through PMU.
Some may not know, PMU is a family run business and is part of a large insurance brokerage group based in British Columbia with PMU offices in Burnaby BC, London ON and Laval PQ. The group has been in business for over 35 years and being brokers themselves understand the challenges faced by their PMU broker partners. "With so many years of experience, the entire executive team provides a great infrastructure for all the staff. I truly feel like part of the family," reports MK. We have seen tremendous growth with our very successful Small Boat Express Insurance product and we want to thank YOU, the brokers, for helping us achieve this success.
MaryKate has provided in-house marine training to over 100 brokers across Ontario and Manitoba in the past 6 months. If you wish to refresh your marine insurance knowledge with a training seminar, call MaryKate she'll gladly present an "Introduction to Marine Insurance" seminar, in your office, offering one technical RIBO credit.
With overseeing Ontario & Manitoba operations, MaryKate has developed a strong, skilled team of experienced underwriters, dedicated to work directly and exclusively with Ontario and Manitoba brokers. In addition, PMU has an entire support team in the BC head office.
We launched our new website in March 2018!! www.pacficmarine.ca It includes two components - one for the consumer and one for the broker.
The consumer site allows us to provide a resource for consumers and a funnel to drive business right to your door. We have a number of strategies in place to continue adding marketing support to PMU broker partners.
We rebranded Pacific Marine in late 2017 – Our new appearance is reflective of our growing, vibrant company and the value of quick quoting, responsive service and an insurance product you can sell with confidence to your valued client interactions, immediate issue of express policies and automatic Express renewals, ready for pickup and payment.
We opened an office in London, ON back in 2016 , followed by the opening of a Laval, PQ location in 2017.
Earlier in we 2017 migrated our broker management system to Applied Epic, allowing easier integration for policy issuance and renewals with our new portal.
As always, our goal is to continue providing a solid insurance product with the best customer service. We wish to thank you all for your loyalty over the years. Our team is passionate about helping you grow. If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to MaryKate directly.
2018 is shaping up to be a very strong boating season and we're eager to help you make it great a one!


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Google launches nation-building tool 'Constitute'
The Constitute homepage.
Not content with its recent announcement of a life-extension clinic, Google has unveiled a program to help nations create constitutions. 'Constitute' provides a database of every founding document and amendment across the world since 1789, broken down into topics for ease of reference.
It has been endorsed by heads of state from Tunisia and Kyrgyzstan, and Sara "Scout" Sinclair Brody, Google Ideas Product Manager, says there is no catch.
Metro: How would you describe this service?
Brody: It's a tool, and a repository. It allows people to search and compare constitutions.
Are you responding to a demand for this?
There is a specific demand, uncovered by our partners at the Comparative Constitutions Project, who have been helping countries draft constitutions for years. They built a library and used to drag it around, and then used documents in the digital age. But we were able to get it all online with tags for each topic and a beautiful interface.
Won't world leaders now just copy each other's homework?
On the contrary I expect more variation. All drafts before now have relied on prior texts, and in some cases copying and pasting entire clauses. If you can see what everyone else has done you can see the wealth of options, you can customize the phrasing, and make it workable for your population.
Are constitutions not outdated yet? Why do people argue over interpretation of a 300-year-old scroll?
For web junkies like me, we think of them as anachronisms – something men who have oil paintings made of them do. But five are being drafted every year, and on average they last for 17 years. I had no idea how relevant or current they could be – it can be a very political process with the power to generate improvements.
Should Google really be involved in the formation of nations, particularly those in crisis?
Some people think it's surprising – but they should realize this is a tool for providing information, rather than seeking to have an influence.
It must be fun working at [think/do tank] Google Ideas. What do you guys do all day?
It's really about creating partnerships, working with other organizations in parts of the world that are repressive or unstable. We try to empower people doing great work, and give it a technological twist.
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MARK KURLYANDCHIK
The restaurant boom in metro Detroit is over. Here's why
On a frigid Saturday in January, some 60 clued-in diners crammed onto the bar stools and tatami mats of Izakaya Katsu for an early taste of the imported Japanese gastropub that had quietly opened in Detroit's Woodbridge neighborhood.
The first and only U.S. outpost of a Nagasaki-based chain, Katsu's only exterior signage was a small, hand-painted wooden board with Japanese characters and the English "OPEN" sign, propped up by a plastic crate next to some empty sake bottles.
But the lack of flashy signage and Katsu's scant online presence didn't prevent the restaurant from being full on its third weekend in business.
The man sitting next to me at the communal table said it was already his third visit. We'd gotten to talking because the servers kept mixing up our orders. Service that night was such a mess you had to laugh or you were in for a very bad time.
Six months later, Katsu was closed, just the latest victim in a highly competitive dining scene that's grown immensely over the last five years. Now, the market may have finally reached a saturation point.
In an interview with Eater Detroit, local partner Joshua Chiatovic partially blamed his overseas' partners lack of understanding of the American market and its specific food and labor costs, which caused the restaurant to bleed money.
In addition to Chiatovic having very little restaurant experience himself, Katsu was also the second izakaya-style restaurant to open in the area in a month, and just one of many restaurants of various genres, locations and price points to close recently.
Metro Detroit's recent spate of restaurant closings began quietly just before Christmas, with the end of the Conserva in Ferndale and Small Plates on Broadway downtown.
Then came the splashier shutters: the highly visible downtown outpost of the Hard Rock Cafe and Chicago-style pizza import Giordano's, Royal Oak's longtime beloved pizzeria Pasquale's, Midtown crepery Le Petit Zinc, Axle Brewing Co.'s Livernois Tap in Ferndale, and the Allenby and Pursue stalls in downtown's Fort Street Galley food hall.
And let's not forget the development reckoning in Eastern Market led by Sanford Nelson and his FIRM Real Estate company, which precipitated a dispute with Russell Street Deli that will see that restaurant close in September. (Farmer's Restaurant, Mike's Coney Island and the Mootown Creamery also shuttered since Nelson became their landlord, though all have reportedly said their reasons for closing were unrelated.)
More:What Detroit really loses when a place like Russell Street Deli closes
Shrinking entertaining budgets long ago squeezed the tradition of the three-martini corporate lunch, which likely helped precipitate the closures of Cameron's Steakhouse and Mitchell's Fish Market in Birmingham and McCormick & Schmick's Seafood & Steaks in Troy.
Meanwhile, celebrity chef Marcus Samuelsson, who'd long been eyeing a downtown spot for a Detroit location of his popular Red Rooster restaurant, recently scrapped those plans, according to multiple people with knowledge of the deal.
Of course, restaurant closures are inevitable in this cyclical industry of low margins, high turnover and epic failure rates. But for close observers of the local dining scene, something about the tempo and type of restaurants affected reflects a larger national shift, one that's being felt both in Rust Belt cities like Detroit and Indianapolis as well as the longtime culinary coastal hotbeds of New York City and the San Francisco Bay Area.
"Most of those independent, chef-owned, casual fine-dining restaurants that came to define the last decade of dining have proven difficult to sustain as chefs burned out, rent and food costs increased, and the labor pool, especially in the back of the house, dwindled to near catastrophically low levels," writes food journalist Kevin Alexander in his new book, "Burn The Ice: The American Culinary Revolution and Its End" (Penguin Random House).
"The social media that brought exposure to creative ideas without traditional gatekeepers now overexposes trends at lightning speeds while rewarding whichever bullies and copycats are willing to scream loudest into the void. The small-town feel of many of these neighborhoods has become an oversaturated marketplace controlled by hostile landlords and aggressive developers intent on capitalizing on past excitement while whitewashing a neighborhood's culture and history," Alexander writes. "The words 'craft' and 'artisanal' and 'farm-to-table,' once vitally important signifiers of the movement, have become so commonplace they've really stopped meaning anything — or, worse, have taken on a sneering, ironic edge in the mouths of the cynics."
Detroit bubble bursts in half the time
The places and events Alexander, a James Beard awardee, details in his book cover a 12-year period across America, but the same phenomenon he writes about occurred in less than half that time in metro Detroit.
On November 7, 2014, Judge Steven Rhodes approved Detroit's adjustment plan, allowing the city to exit from the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history. Two days later, former Roast executive chef Andy Hollyday and his business partner/beverage guru Evan Hansen opened the doors at Selden Standard, a seasonal New American small plates restaurants that utilized farm-procured produce and sustainable proteins cooked over a live fire. Hollyday and Hansen had turned a decrepit former dry cleaners in a rough-trodden stretch of the city into Detroit's darling vanguard of modern dining.
"We saw into the future," Hollyday told the Free Press ahead of the opening. "Development is moving toward downtown," and with a new arena coming and other new projects, "we hope it kind of meets us in the middle."
From Selden's door today, you can see a year-old luxury condo building with an upscale Italian restaurant that mills its own flour on the ground floor, an experiential bar that serves scented cocktails out of the basement of an old Victorian house, and soon a pizzeria and Italian market will fill the former Will Leather Goods space a block away.
Midtown — as this part of the old Cass Corridor is now branded — is one of the hottest real estate markets in the city, where condos can sometimes sell for close to $300 per square foot.
"The craziest part about Detroit is that our real estate boom happened so fast," said James Rigato, chef-owner of Mabel Gray, which opened a year after Selden in the blue-collar suburb of Hazel Park and quickly became a poster child for the area's growing restaurant scene.
"2009 was probably financial bottom and in 10 years you have, like, Manhattan prices in some spots. It sucks that we hit rock bottom 10 years ago with the restaurant scene and the real estate scene, so a lot of talent left. And then before you had the talent that could regenerate, the demand for restaurants and the real estate boom is upon us. So we have a real estate boom but we have a talent drought. Conveniently, so does the nation, which doesn't help our case. But I think for the public, because it's so saturated, it's hard to tell a generic restaurant opening from an exciting restaurant opening, where it used to be you knew it was coming. When Andy Hollyday opened Selden Standard, people were just so excited and the buzz lasted for years."
Next year, Hollyday and Hansen plan to open their follow-up to Selden, this time purchasing a building on Woodward in Detroit's "up-and-coming" New Center neighborhood, which recently welcomed a casual Afro-Caribbean spot and a vegan cafe/educational kitchen. In the coming months, the neighborhood is slated to receive a food hall, a Burundian cafe, a sit-down Jamaican restaurant, and a second outpost of Supino Pizzeria, to name just a few projects in development.
Compared to the days leading up to Selden's opening, the dining landscape looks very different.
"Surely it would be naïve to think that restaurants can continue to open at the pace they've been opening," Hansen wrote in an email. "Even the cost of construction seems to be escalating enough that it will begin to price people out or scare some people off. And with so many new spots, the audience for some of these restaurants is being spread out.
"I can understand why one would look at the rapid growth of the restaurant scene in town and see it in the context of a boom – but prior to said boom, there was clearly an unmet desire for a lot of what the new(ish) restaurants are offering," said Hansen about the Detroit scene. "And barring any broader economic issues, that desire isn't just going to go away."
The economy may be humming along based on national unemployment and GDP numbers, but some headwinds are turning cool: plant closures and layoffs at GM and Ford, Michigan's unemployment rate inching up, developments by Bedrock and The Platform appear to be slowing and the local housing market is showing its own signs of fatigue. Taken together, it has some insiders cautious about the future of restaurants.
"Restaurants are really facing some really difficult demographic headwinds," said Bill Knudson, an agricultural economist at Michigan State University who believes the recent struggles in the auto and agricultural sectors will have ripple effects through the restaurant business.
"People are time-constrained, so they just don't feel like they have an hour or hour-and-a-half to eat dinner at a restaurant. There's also this whole issue of where you're going to find waitstaff and chefs and dishwashers. There's a real difficulty in attracting workers. I think that's a problem," he said. "And restaurants really have a difficult time passing on higher costs to consumers because there's so much competition in the industry."
Who's hungry? Diners and workers wanted
Chef Max Hardy triumphantly returned to his hometown of Detroit in 2017 after selling out a weekend of pop-up dinners here, proof positive that the city would welcome him and his style of cooking. Hardy had spent his teenage years and 20s climbing the kitchen ladders in Miami and New York, private cheffing for NBA stars and collaborating on cookbooks with the likes of Amar'e Stoudemire and Bob Marley's son Rohan. He returned to Detroit with ambitious plans to open three restaurants within the year.
Today, Hardy's enthusiasm is tempered by the on-the-ground reality.
"It's just so many restaurants opening with the lack of people," Hardy said. "You have the lack of people and the lack of talent to help keep the restaurants going. Those two are driving it. You need people to push this product out and you need customers to come in and receive those products."
Hardy opened the casual sit-down restaurant River Bistro in Detroit's Grandmont-Rosedale neighborhood in the summer of 2017 to much buzz and fanfare. A year later, he cut weekday service in part because of the lack of dinner guests. The Bistro is now open Wednesday through Sunday, but it's not exactly smooth sailing.
"It's a struggle still," he said. "We just don't have the same support that we had when we first opened. All the suburban business goes downtown or Midtown instead of going to the west side of Detroit."
Last summer, Hardy opened COOP in the Detroit Shipping Co., a food hall in Midtown made of re-purposed shipping containers. But the crown jewel of his hospitality trifecta, a higher end full-service restaurant called Honey, is still just an idea. His initial location in the Ilitch's District Detroit fell through because much of that development has failed to transpire, and delays also hindered plans for another spot in New Center.
"I haven't won, but I'm still here trying to make it work and willing to continue being part of this whole food scene even though I think there's some kind of a bust coming," Hardy said. "Hopefully we can just ride the wave and not be part of that bust. All in all I'm glad to be back. I just thought it would happen a little different and a little sooner."
Flowers of Vietnam Chef George Azar opened his hip Vietnamese restaurant in a former coney island in his old southwest Detroit neighborhood last year and said he sees a silver lining in the maturation of the market.
"The boom is over," Azar said. "I think it's a cycle that we're going through that any city that has a reputable food scene has to go through. In the grand scheme of things, it's part of the process. It means now everybody is not going to be able to get away with mediocrity. It's about to be Darwinism.
"This is when it really gets fun. It's like now let's see who's really got it. I might end up reading this later and biting my tongue, but oh well. I'm not going to stop because of the market around me. I'm going to stop when I can't push any more."
Like many, Azar points to the underlying real estate game as a major driver.
"The real estate market is attractive in the city and how you make it even more attractive is restaurants in the area," he said. "It's a symbiotic relationship. If you look at most of the people that are successful right now, they're all partnered with developers and the developer owns the real estate."
It's not just the city of Detroit, either. The same economic forces are weaving their way through suburbs like Hazel Park.
"I bought this building for 80 grand," Rigato said of the former greasy spoon that now houses Mabel Gray. "My neighbor sold for 390. I wouldn't have paid more than 180 for it. So now, essentially as long as that person owns that building, it's never going to be worth it for me to expand. So Mabel Gray happened because cheaper real estate. There's some good and bad. I often say that chefs and restaurateurs are the victim and the criminal."
Rigato said just a few years ago he was constantly receiving inquiries from out-of-town developers and chefs, all looking for a piece of the growing pie. That no longer happens with such frequency.
"I think 10 years ago Detroit was way behind for the volume of dining," he said. "We've caught up now and I think the future is uncertain because profit margins are slim on an average restaurant. You add crazy real estate costs and landlords and corporate development and labor concerns and an unstable political landscape when you already have a high failure rate industry and a slim margin and an economy that in recent memory was at the bottom of the barrel — you might open up a second concept and that second concept might drag down your original."
Some hoping that the cream rises
Many considered in the top tier of current restaurants are pushing ahead with expansion plans regardless of the industry challenges.
"My dad always told me that the top 20 percent in any industry will be fine," said Lady of the House chef-owner Kate Williams. "You just need to be in the top 20. Hopefully our businesses are there and will continue to be there."
She and her partners are close to debuting their next restaurant, an all-day diner named Karl's on the second floor of the Siren Hotel downtown. For her, expansion is a way to retain staff by offering new growth opportunities which, she said, has stemmed the rampant turnover common in the industry.
"We created a sort of restaurant group earlier this year so that folks could work in between our properties and we started hiring to have a management company for that so that everyone felt supported and they could grow within the organization based on what their desires were," she said. "The staff turnover went from huge to almost nothing."
Hansen is also optimistic about his team's new concept in New Center, pointing to those same growth opportunities that an operator can offer staff when the number and type of positions grows.
"The acceleration of the development of the restaurant scene in the area has been astonishing," he wrote in an email. "And while it almost certainly can't continue at that rate, we still believe rather firmly in the momentum that it's generated."
Williams said that there's a new reality to that momentum, which a few years ago wasn't quite there.
"I just think you can't be as bright-eyed opening a restaurant in Detroit now because we're now held to those same standards that other big cities are held," she said. "If you don't do your homework, if you didn't do everything right, it's not going to look good."
But you can do everything right and expand your staff and footprint and find yourself burnt out. That's what's happening to Nikita Sanches, the chef and owner of Rock City Eatery in Midtown. In the fall of 2016, Sanches reopened his cult Hamtramck hit in a larger space with expanded hours on Woodward right next to a QLINE stop. Six years after becoming a restaurateur, Sanches said he's burned out and ready for a break from the industry despite being busy.
"Since we opened up, even back in Hamtramck which was over six years ago now, it's just been 70-plus-hour weeks," he said. "In the past six years I've maybe seen my grandmother a dozen times, an hour at a time. It just literally feels like I am wasting precious moments that I could be spending with people that actually love me and care for me. I think my priorities have changed."
Many of the people who've jumped on the restaurant bandwagon have come from other industries. Some are real estate developers who double as operators to make their spaces attractive. Some are hobbyists or folks adjacent to the industry who think they can make their great concept work. Many don't realize what they're in for until it's too late.
"What I described is standard," Sanches said. "If you care about your product and you're passionate about your establishment, you're going to commit those kinds of hours. And a lot of people, I don't know if they realize that's what it takes to be successful in this industry."
He's not sure yet what the future holds for him and Rock City, but he's taking all offers seriously and hopes to be able to walk away from the industry, at least for now.
"There are way more places that you assume are printing money that may be losing it, or are neutral, or are an investment vehicle for a larger entity, or a writeoff, or a passion project," said Daniel Riley, who is the president of Axle Brewing Co. and ran its Livernois Tap in Ferndale until it closed last month. "I honestly think that there's way more of that than we even realize."
Riley, who for much of his career worked in the business side of magazine publishing for Time Inc., said Axle's troubles aren't necessarily indicative of the state of the restaurant industry. Craft brewing is having its own downturn, distribution was a challenge with Axle's cost structure and he and his partners faced an uphill battle from the outset by buying a distressed brand.
Regardless, Axle's closing was a huge blow to Ferndale's scene. The two-year-old brewery was known for being engaged in the community, hosting events and taking progressive political stances that aligned with many of the local residents. It was touted as a neighborhood anchor and catalyst for more development along the Livernois corridor.
"There are people who said: 'Imagine if you'd opened Livernois Tap three or four years before,'" he said. "Because there was less competition, it would've been perceived as way more novel. We saw a little tick down when Antihero opened up. And Bobcat Bonnie's opened and another tick down. And that partly was our problem, because by design we cultivated a little bit of the people who want to see the new and what's next and are a little more foodie-driven and care about the music and care about the vibe. Yeah, they're going to check out Bobcat Bonnie's.
"Somebody with an amazing concept and great service and a beautiful place is still going to kill it. But it's not going to come at nobody's expense."
By and large, nobody characterizes the current state of metro Detroit's dining scene as a coming apocalypse. But the Gold Rush, as they say, appears to be coming to an end.
"I think it could be that people were so excited about the Detroit comeback that there may have been an over-investment in restaurants," Knudson, the MSU economist, said. "And now you're beginning to see a pullback to a level that makes a little more sense given the population and the incomes in the area. Four or five years ago, people were really excited about Detroit. And I think they still are, but I think — this is just my impression — that there's an optimism that's tempered with reality now."
Send your dining tips to Free Press Restaurant Critic Mark Kurlyandchik at 313-222-5026 ormkurlyandc@freepress.com. Follow him on Twitter @MKurlyandchik and Instagram @curlyhandshake. Read more restaurant news and reviews and sign up for our Food and Dining newsletter.


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text:
#include "minimap.h"
#include "threading/mutex_auto_lock.h"
#include "threading/semaphore.h"
#include "clientmap.h"
#include "settings.h"
#include "nodedef.h"
#include "porting.h"
#include "util/numeric.h"
#include "util/string.h"
#include <math.h>

////
//// MinimapUpdateThread
////

MinimapUpdateThread::~MinimapUpdateThread()
{
	for (std::map<v3s16, MinimapMapblock *>::iterator
			it = m_blocks_cache.begin();
			it != m_blocks_cache.end(); ++it) {
		delete it->second;
	}

	for (std::deque<QueuedMinimapUpdate>::iterator
			it = m_update_queue.begin();
			it != m_update_queue.end(); ++it) {
		QueuedMinimapUpdate &q = *it;
		delete q.data;
	}
}

bool MinimapUpdateThread::pushBlockUpdate(v3s16 pos, MinimapMapblock *data)
{
	MutexAutoLock lock(m_queue_mutex);

	// Find if block is already in queue.
	// If it is, update the data and quit.
	for (std::deque<QueuedMinimapUpdate>::iterator
			it = m_update_queue.begin();
			it != m_update_queue.end(); ++it) {
		QueuedMinimapUpdate &q = *it;
		if (q.pos == pos) {
			delete q.data;
			q.data = data;
			return false;
		}
	}

	// Add the block
	QueuedMinimapUpdate q;
	q.pos  = pos;
	q.data = data;
	m_update_queue.push_back(q);

	return true;
}

bool MinimapUpdateThread::popBlockUpdate(QueuedMinimapUpdate *update)
{
	MutexAutoLock lock(m_queue_mutex);

	if (m_update_queue.empty())
		return false;

	*update = m_update_queue.front();
	m_update_queue.pop_front();

	return true;
}

void MinimapUpdateThread::enqueueBlock(v3s16 pos, MinimapMapblock *data)
{
	pushBlockUpdate(pos, data);
	deferUpdate();
}

void MinimapUpdateThread::doUpdate()
{
	QueuedMinimapUpdate update;

	while (popBlockUpdate(&update)) {
		if (update.data) {
			// Swap two values in the map using single lookup
			std::pair<std::map<v3s16, MinimapMapblock*>::iterator, bool>
			    result = m_blocks_cache.insert(std::make_pair(update.pos, update.data));
			if (result.second == false) {
				delete result.first->second;
				result.first->second = update.data;
			}
		} else {
			std::map<v3s16, MinimapMapblock *>::iterator it;
			it = m_blocks_cache.find(update.pos);
			if (it != m_blocks_cache.end()) {
				delete it->second;
				m_blocks_cache.erase(it);
			}
		}
	}

	if (data->map_invalidated && data->mode != MINIMAP_MODE_OFF) {
		getMap(data->pos, data->map_size, data->scan_height, data->is_radar);
		data->map_invalidated = false;
	}
}

MinimapPixel *MinimapUpdateThread::getMinimapPixel(v3s16 pos,
	s16 scan_height, s16 *pixel_height)
{
	s16 height = scan_height - MAP_BLOCKSIZE;
	v3s16 blockpos_max, blockpos_min, relpos;

	getNodeBlockPosWithOffset(
		v3s16(pos.X, pos.Y - scan_height / 2, pos.Z),
		blockpos_min, relpos);
	getNodeBlockPosWithOffset(
		v3s16(pos.X, pos.Y + scan_height / 2, pos.Z),
		blockpos_max, relpos);

	for (s16 i = blockpos_max.Y; i > blockpos_min.Y - 1; i--) {
		std::map<v3s16, MinimapMapblock *>::iterator it =
			m_blocks_cache.find(v3s16(blockpos_max.X, i, blockpos_max.Z));
		if (it != m_blocks_cache.end()) {
			MinimapMapblock *mmblock = it->second;
			MinimapPixel *pixel = &mmblock->data[relpos.Z * MAP_BLOCKSIZE + relpos.X];
			if (pixel->id != CONTENT_AIR) {
				*pixel_height = height + pixel->height;
				return pixel;
			}
		}

		height -= MAP_BLOCKSIZE;
	}

	return NULL;
}

s16 MinimapUpdateThread::getAirCount(v3s16 pos, s16 height)
{
	s16 air_count = 0;
	v3s16 blockpos_max, blockpos_min, relpos;

	getNodeBlockPosWithOffset(
		v3s16(pos.X, pos.Y - height / 2, pos.Z),
		blockpos_min, relpos);
	getNodeBlockPosWithOffset(
		v3s16(pos.X, pos.Y + height / 2, pos.Z),
		blockpos_max, relpos);

	for (s16 i = blockpos_max.Y; i > blockpos_min.Y - 1; i--) {
		std::map<v3s16, MinimapMapblock *>::iterator it =
			m_blocks_cache.find(v3s16(blockpos_max.X, i, blockpos_max.Z));
		if (it != m_blocks_cache.end()) {
			MinimapMapblock *mmblock = it->second;
			MinimapPixel *pixel = &mmblock->data[relpos.Z * MAP_BLOCKSIZE + relpos.X];
			air_count += pixel->air_count;
		}
	}

	return air_count;
}

void MinimapUpdateThread::getMap(v3s16 pos, s16 size, s16 height, bool is_radar)
{
	v3s16 p = v3s16(pos.X - size / 2, pos.Y, pos.Z - size / 2);

	for (s16 x = 0; x < size; x++)
	for (s16 z = 0; z < size; z++) {
		u16 id = CONTENT_AIR;
		MinimapPixel *mmpixel = &data->minimap_scan[x + z * size];

		if (!is_radar) {
			s16 pixel_height = 0;
			MinimapPixel *cached_pixel =
				getMinimapPixel(v3s16(p.X + x, p.Y, p.Z + z), height, &pixel_height);
			if (cached_pixel) {
				id = cached_pixel->id;
				mmpixel->height = pixel_height;
			}
		} else {
			mmpixel->air_count = getAirCount(v3s16(p.X + x, p.Y, p.Z + z), height);
		}

		mmpixel->id = id;
	}
}

////
//// Mapper
////

Mapper::Mapper(IrrlichtDevice *device, Client *client)
{
	this->driver    = device->getVideoDriver();
	this->m_tsrc    = client->getTextureSource();
	this->m_shdrsrc = client->getShaderSource();
	this->m_ndef    = client->getNodeDefManager();

	m_angle = 0.f;

	// Initialize static settings
	m_enable_shaders = g_settings->getBool("enable_shaders");
	m_surface_mode_scan_height =
		g_settings->getBool("minimap_double_scan_height") ? 256 : 128;

	// Initialize minimap data
	data = new MinimapData;
	data->mode              = MINIMAP_MODE_OFF;
	data->is_radar          = false;
	data->map_invalidated   = true;
	data->heightmap_image   = NULL;
	data->minimap_image     = NULL;
	data->texture           = NULL;
	data->heightmap_texture = NULL;
	data->minimap_shape_round = g_settings->getBool("minimap_shape_round");

	// Get round minimap textures
	data->minimap_mask_round = driver->createImage(
		m_tsrc->getTexture("minimap_mask_round.png"),
		core::position2d<s32>(0, 0),
		core::dimension2d<u32>(MINIMAP_MAX_SX, MINIMAP_MAX_SY));
	data->minimap_overlay_round = m_tsrc->getTexture("minimap_overlay_round.png");

	// Get square minimap textures
	data->minimap_mask_square = driver->createImage(
		m_tsrc->getTexture("minimap_mask_square.png"),
		core::position2d<s32>(0, 0),
		core::dimension2d<u32>(MINIMAP_MAX_SX, MINIMAP_MAX_SY));
	data->minimap_overlay_square = m_tsrc->getTexture("minimap_overlay_square.png");

	// Create player marker texture
	data->player_marker = m_tsrc->getTexture("player_marker.png");

	// Create mesh buffer for minimap
	m_meshbuffer = getMinimapMeshBuffer();

	// Initialize and start thread
	m_minimap_update_thread = new MinimapUpdateThread();
	m_minimap_update_thread->data = data;
	m_minimap_update_thread->start();
}

Mapper::~Mapper()
{
	m_minimap_update_thread->stop();
	m_minimap_update_thread->wait();

	m_meshbuffer->drop();

	data->minimap_mask_round->drop();
	data->minimap_mask_square->drop();

	driver->removeTexture(data->texture);
	driver->removeTexture(data->heightmap_texture);
	driver->removeTexture(data->minimap_overlay_round);
	driver->removeTexture(data->minimap_overlay_square);

	delete data;
	delete m_minimap_update_thread;
}

void Mapper::addBlock(v3s16 pos, MinimapMapblock *data)
{
	m_minimap_update_thread->enqueueBlock(pos, data);
}

MinimapMode Mapper::getMinimapMode()
{
	return data->mode;
}

void Mapper::toggleMinimapShape()
{
	MutexAutoLock lock(m_mutex);

	data->minimap_shape_round = !data->minimap_shape_round;
	g_settings->setBool("minimap_shape_round", data->minimap_shape_round);
	m_minimap_update_thread->deferUpdate();
}

void Mapper::setMinimapMode(MinimapMode mode)
{
	static const MinimapModeDef modedefs[MINIMAP_MODE_COUNT] = {
		{false, 0, 0},
		{false, m_surface_mode_scan_height, 256},
		{false, m_surface_mode_scan_height, 128},
		{false, m_surface_mode_scan_height, 64},
		{true, 32, 128},
		{true, 32, 64},
		{true, 32, 32}
	};

	if (mode >= MINIMAP_MODE_COUNT)
		return;

	MutexAutoLock lock(m_mutex);

	data->is_radar    = modedefs[mode].is_radar;
	data->scan_height = modedefs[mode].scan_height;
	data->map_size    = modedefs[mode].map_size;
	data->mode        = mode;

	m_minimap_update_thread->deferUpdate();
}

void Mapper::setPos(v3s16 pos)
{
	bool do_update = false;

	{
		MutexAutoLock lock(m_mutex);

		if (pos != data->old_pos) {
			data->old_pos = data->pos;
			data->pos = pos;
			do_update = true;
		}
	}

	if (do_update)
		m_minimap_update_thread->deferUpdate();
}

void Mapper::setAngle(f32 angle)
{
	m_angle = angle;
}

void Mapper::blitMinimapPixelsToImageRadar(video::IImage *map_image)
{
	for (s16 x = 0; x < data->map_size; x++)
	for (s16 z = 0; z < data->map_size; z++) {
		MinimapPixel *mmpixel = &data->minimap_scan[x + z * data->map_size];

		video::SColor c(240, 0, 0, 0);
		if (mmpixel->air_count > 0)
			c.setGreen(core::clamp(core::round32(32 + mmpixel->air_count * 8), 0, 255));

		map_image->setPixel(x, data->map_size - z - 1, c);
	}
}

void Mapper::blitMinimapPixelsToImageSurface(
	video::IImage *map_image, video::IImage *heightmap_image)
{
	for (s16 x = 0; x < data->map_size; x++)
	for (s16 z = 0; z < data->map_size; z++) {
		MinimapPixel *mmpixel = &data->minimap_scan[x + z * data->map_size];

		video::SColor c = m_ndef->get(mmpixel->id).minimap_color;
		c.setAlpha(240);

		map_image->setPixel(x, data->map_size - z - 1, c);

		u32 h = mmpixel->height;
		heightmap_image->setPixel(x,data->map_size - z - 1,
			video::SColor(255, h, h, h));
	}
}

video::ITexture *Mapper::getMinimapTexture()
{
	// update minimap textures when new scan is ready
	if (data->map_invalidated)
		return data->texture;

	// create minimap and heightmap images in memory
	core::dimension2d<u32> dim(data->map_size, data->map_size);
	video::IImage *map_image       = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8, dim);
	video::IImage *heightmap_image = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8, dim);
	video::IImage *minimap_image   = driver->createImage(video::ECF_A8R8G8B8,
		core::dimension2d<u32>(MINIMAP_MAX_SX, MINIMAP_MAX_SY));

	// Blit MinimapPixels to images
	if (data->is_radar)
		blitMinimapPixelsToImageRadar(map_image);
	else
		blitMinimapPixelsToImageSurface(map_image, heightmap_image);

	map_image->copyToScaling(minimap_image);
	map_image->drop();

	video::IImage *minimap_mask = data->minimap_shape_round ?
		data->minimap_mask_round : data->minimap_mask_square;

	if (minimap_mask) {
		for (s16 y = 0; y < MINIMAP_MAX_SY; y++)
		for (s16 x = 0; x < MINIMAP_MAX_SX; x++) {
			video::SColor mask_col = minimap_mask->getPixel(x, y);
			if (!mask_col.getAlpha())
				minimap_image->setPixel(x, y, video::SColor(0,0,0,0));
		}
	}

	if (data->texture)
		driver->removeTexture(data->texture);
	if (data->heightmap_texture)
		driver->removeTexture(data->heightmap_texture);

	data->texture = driver->addTexture("minimap__", minimap_image);
	data->heightmap_texture =
		driver->addTexture("minimap_heightmap__", heightmap_image);
	minimap_image->drop();
	heightmap_image->drop();

	data->map_invalidated = true;

	return data->texture;
}

v3f Mapper::getYawVec()
{
	if (data->minimap_shape_round) {
		return v3f(
			cos(m_angle * core::DEGTORAD),
			sin(m_angle * core::DEGTORAD),
			1.0);
	} else {
		return v3f(1.0, 0.0, 1.0);
	}
}

scene::SMeshBuffer *Mapper::getMinimapMeshBuffer()
{
	scene::SMeshBuffer *buf = new scene::SMeshBuffer();
	buf->Vertices.set_used(4);
	buf->Indices.set_used(6);
	video::SColor c(255, 255, 255, 255);

	buf->Vertices[0] = video::S3DVertex(-1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, c, 0, 1);
	buf->Vertices[1] = video::S3DVertex(-1,  1, 0, 0, 0, 1, c, 0, 0);
	buf->Vertices[2] = video::S3DVertex( 1,  1, 0, 0, 0, 1, c, 1, 0);
	buf->Vertices[3] = video::S3DVertex( 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, c, 1, 1);

	buf->Indices[0] = 0;
	buf->Indices[1] = 1;
	buf->Indices[2] = 2;
	buf->Indices[3] = 2;
	buf->Indices[4] = 3;
	buf->Indices[5] = 0;

	return buf;
}

void Mapper::drawMinimap()
{
	video::ITexture *minimap_texture = getMinimapTexture();
	if (!minimap_texture)
		return;

	v2u32 screensize = porting::getWindowSize();
	const u32 size = 0.25 * screensize.Y;

	core::rect<s32> oldViewPort = driver->getViewPort();
	core::matrix4 oldProjMat = driver->getTransform(video::ETS_PROJECTION);
	core::matrix4 oldViewMat = driver->getTransform(video::ETS_VIEW);

	driver->setViewPort(core::rect<s32>(
		screensize.X - size - 10, 10,
		screensize.X - 10, size + 10));
	driver->setTransform(video::ETS_PROJECTION, core::matrix4());
	driver->setTransform(video::ETS_VIEW, core::matrix4());

	core::matrix4 matrix;
	matrix.makeIdentity();

	video::SMaterial &material = m_meshbuffer->getMaterial();
	material.setFlag(video::EMF_TRILINEAR_FILTER, true);
	material.Lighting = false;
	material.TextureLayer[0].Texture = minimap_texture;
	material.TextureLayer[1].Texture = data->heightmap_texture;

	if (m_enable_shaders && !data->is_radar) {
		u16 sid = m_shdrsrc->getShader("minimap_shader", 1, 1);
		material.MaterialType = m_shdrsrc->getShaderInfo(sid).material;
	} else {
		material.MaterialType = video::EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL;
	}

	if (data->minimap_shape_round)
		matrix.setRotationDegrees(core::vector3df(0, 0, 360 - m_angle));

	// Draw minimap
	driver->setTransform(video::ETS_WORLD, matrix);
	driver->setMaterial(material);
	driver->drawMeshBuffer(m_meshbuffer);

	// Draw overlay
	video::ITexture *minimap_overlay = data->minimap_shape_round ?
		data->minimap_overlay_round : data->minimap_overlay_square;
	material.TextureLayer[0].Texture = minimap_overlay;
	material.MaterialType = video::EMT_TRANSPARENT_ALPHA_CHANNEL;
	driver->setMaterial(material);
	driver->drawMeshBuffer(m_meshbuffer);

	// If round minimap, draw player marker
	if (!data->minimap_shape_round) {
		matrix.setRotationDegrees(core::vector3df(0, 0, m_angle));
		material.TextureLayer[0].Texture = data->player_marker;

		driver->setTransform(video::ETS_WORLD, matrix);
		driver->setMaterial(material);
		driver->drawMeshBuffer(m_meshbuffer);
	}

	// Reset transformations
	driver->setTransform(video::ETS_VIEW, oldViewMat);
	driver->setTransform(video::ETS_PROJECTION, oldProjMat);
	driver->setViewPort(oldViewPort);
}

////
//// MinimapMapblock
////

void MinimapMapblock::getMinimapNodes(VoxelManipulator *vmanip, v3s16 pos)
{

	for (s16 x = 0; x < MAP_BLOCKSIZE; x++)
	for (s16 z = 0; z < MAP_BLOCKSIZE; z++) {
		s16 air_count = 0;
		bool surface_found = false;
		MinimapPixel *mmpixel = &data[z * MAP_BLOCKSIZE + x];

		for (s16 y = MAP_BLOCKSIZE -1; y >= 0; y--) {
			v3s16 p(x, y, z);
			MapNode n = vmanip->getNodeNoEx(pos + p);
			if (!surface_found && n.getContent() != CONTENT_AIR) {
				mmpixel->height = y;
				mmpixel->id = n.getContent();
				surface_found = true;
			} else if (n.getContent() == CONTENT_AIR) {
				air_count++;
			}
		}

		if (!surface_found)
			mmpixel->id = CONTENT_AIR;

		mmpixel->air_count = air_count;
	}
}


The UCO Stormproof Sweetfire Match Kit is a new STORMPROOF version of the popular award-winning Sweetfire Strikeable Fire Starter! "Stormproof" means that it will relight after being submerged in water or snow! The advantage of the sweetfire over a normal waterproof or stormproof match is that it includes tinder in the 'point'. Light the 'point' just like a match and it will burn for 7 minutes to help you start a fire like a boss. Go prepared!
Made from a sugarcane by-product called bagasse, this key ingredient is already used around the world as a renewable biofuel. Each of these match points (there are 8 per box) is infused with vegetable wax to allow for up to 6 minutes of burn time per each point. There's no need to bring matches to light the Sweetfire as each match point has a strikeable tip that can conveniently be used with the striker on the box.
8 individual 'Points' conveniently connected & ready to break-off and use.
Here's a video showing off the Non-Stormproof Sweetfire Match Kit. The match kit listed here is similar, but does not get extinguished out in the wind, rain, or snow!


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text:
package njuse.ec.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "cast")
public class Cast implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	@Id
	@Column(name = "id")
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	private int id;
	@Column(name = "stock_id")
	private int stock_id;
	@Column(name = "user_id")
	private int user_id;
	@Column(name = "good_id")
	private int good_id;
	@Column(name = "color")
	private String color;
	@Column(name = "size")
	private String size;
	@Column(name = "quantity")
	private int quantity;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public int getStock_id() {
		return stock_id;
	}

	public void setStock_id(int stock_id) {
		this.stock_id = stock_id;
	}

	public int getUser_id() {
		return user_id;
	}

	public void setUser_id(int user_id) {
		this.user_id = user_id;
	}

	public int getGood_id() {
		return good_id;
	}

	public void setGood_id(int good_id) {
		this.good_id = good_id;
	}

	public String getColor() {
		return color;
	}

	public void setColor(String color) {
		this.color = color;
	}

	public String getSize() {
		return size;
	}

	public void setSize(String size) {
		this.size = size;
	}

	public int getQuantity() {
		return quantity;
	}

	public void setQuantity(int quantity) {
		this.quantity = quantity;
	}
}


text:
Employee Log in Candidate Log in to Connect Homepage airmee.com
Engineering · Stockholm · Hybrid Remote
Airmee is a well-capitalised start-up that is looking for an extremely talented Backend developer to work on some of the most complex problems in the world and help revolutionize logistics. You must have experience designing and building large and complex (yet maintainable) systems.
Airmee is one Europe's fastest growing logistics startups focusing on fast and convenient deliveries for retailers and other businesses. Our technology that optimizes our logistics fleet in real-time is based on our world-leading research at KTH allows us to do this more cost-efficiently and environmentally sustainably than anyone else.
So, what will you do as a Backend Engineer at Airmee?
You'll help scale Airmee as a best-in-class service that has powered millions of deliveries to date.
You'll architect and build improvements to help us scale and grow — such as making onboarding to our platform an excellent experience.
You'll work with the team to build new product features, focusing on the backend. Projects such as building the backend of a multi-tenant platform — a critical piece for our growth as a company.
Backend is the spider in the web and as such you'll work closely with our app developers, frontend, and data science team.
This might be for you if...
You have experience scaling production software. You've worked on a product experiencing rapid growth and understand what needs to be done to scale to the next level.
You can readily learn most technologies as you go. To you, technologies are about tools and tradeoffs, not an ideology.
You care about the business implications of anything you build. You're not just going after cool stuff — you understand the balance between craft, speed, and the bottom line.
You've spent meaningful time as a senior engineer or tech lead.
Bonus: You're fluent with AWS Lambdas, NodeJS and Postgres.
Why join us? You will be working with talented, motivated, intense, and interesting co-workers. Being part of a startup in its growth phase your work will impact all major aspects of the company and help us reach the next level.
"It's easier to invent the future than to predict it." — Alan Kay
Remote status
Hybrid Remote
VP Engineering
Regeringsgatan 29
Directions info@airmee.com View page
Meaningful, inspiring and impactful
A once in a lifetime growth journey
Join us in our journey to becoming a global leader in a trillion dollar industry that is ripe for disruption.
Shape our culture
We're still at a stage where every new team member has a say about who we are and who we should be.
Centrally located office in Stockholm
Our offices are in the heart of Stockholm, close to all communication.
Amazing colleagues that will inspire you
A strong team is where it all begins. Work with leading researchers, logistics veterans, entrepreneurs, developers, and business people from all walks of life.
At Airmee we're passionate about our work and mission. As we grow from a smaller team into a larger company, we encourage and facilitate diversity and inclusion in all of its forms. We treat each other with respect, we speak our minds, and we foster a culture of trust, where we both challenge and inspire each other.
At Airmee you can expect an environment that is demanding but also supportive, a place full of collaboration, low ego, high standards, fun, creativity and problem-solving.
About Airmee
Airmee is a technology powered logistics company, leveraging machine learning and powerful proprietary research-based technology to provide convenient and fast deliveries to businesses and consumers in urban areas.
Founded in 2016, Airmee is one of Sweden's fastest growing logistics startups. We believe our technology can change how the world moves. A world where every fleet, vehicle and turn are optimized to create a seamless delivery experience and a sustainable solution to urban logistics.
Coworkers 50-100
airmee.com
Already working at Airmee?
@airmee.com


I have found "Radical Christians and The Word of God both interesting and informative and So exciting! It has helped me clarify things I already believed. Thank You!
CONVICTED. I am the worst of sinners in this area… LORD have mercy.
Open my eyes that might see wonderful things in your teaching. This along with "teach me your ways o lord that I may know You". This are exciting statements for me as I journey this way. Thank you Bruxy for 'hitting thec nail on the head and clarifying in words and scripture what I have intuitively known in spite of 'other' teaching growing up.
Excellent thoughts. Thanks for sharing them. As I deconstruct further and further from my evangelical roots, I am realizing how much my emerging spirituality is aligning more and more with Anabaptist thinking. I just wish there was a fellowship near me here in the Cal High Desert.
This series has been one of the best things I've read a long time! I've grown up in the church, and I really love Jesus, but I've often felt a slight unease with the nuances of expression in evangelical Christianity. That's really bothered me at times, but I've struggled to put words to it. The series just articulated my feelings so much more eloquently than I ever could have. seriously, thank you so much for taking the time to write all of this.
Reading through some of the comments on the series, I can't help but feel like the North American church is very easily triggered and offended by language. Are we actually all defending scripture so vehemently that we're forgetting that Bruxy is simply placing God himself above it? Yes, maybe it's just an argument for emphasis, but a pretty important emphasis, I think.
The word was always meant to point us to the Word. The author is obviously above the book. Thank you Bruxy, this was beautiful!
Well this seems good to me! Thank you Bruxy for submitting your ideas to the "us" in a humble and gracious manner. May the Holy Spirit prompt reformation where he sees fit in us.
Brux – this whole series has captured some incredibly important aspects of Anabaptist theology, and you write in such a way that is both amazingly informative and concise.
Thank you for your gracious approach and the clarity of how the application of our theological beliefs matter in a profound way.
Well done brother. Well done.
Just wanting to join with the others in thanking you, Bruxy, for this so helpful series. Lots to mull over, discuss with others and be inspired to apply.
Appreciating this blog series quite a bit. Having these summaries accessible is a real gift to all of us trying the Word of God that the bible points us to.
This series is very challenging. I suppose the best way to describe myself is, as you have put it a couple of times, "Anabaptish".
My background has been mainly mainstream Protestant. Rooted in reformation-type understandings as noted in your series.
I wish I could believe in total non-violence. Maybe I am not there yet. I remain a believer in self-defensive non-violence. Especially when it comes to my family, (especially, especially my children), and the vulnerable and innocent.
Like you, Bruxy, my father was a WW2 veteran. Combat. Against one of the most murderous and heinous tyrants in modern history, perhaps in all of history. While I don't revel in the victory of our Allied forces as many innocents died at our hands as well. We call them "collateral damage"… that we even have a name for it feels atrocious…. and thus the war itself was heinous on every front. Yet, I wonder, "What else would we do if we found ourselves facing murderous tyranny of so many innocents as they did"?
This could go on and on, but I will stop it here.
I love that Jesus lived a life of peace. I love that Jesus taught enemy love. Where I have lived these practices, I have found victory and healing… and love has spread as a result. I love his ways. I love him and long to be like him.
I have to leave defensive violence issues on the shelf for now. Today, I am living a life of peace and grace wherever I can. And sharing this message wherever I can.
Thank you for the rich, refreshing series.