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Comprehensive Guide April 12, 2020.pdf
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Ontario Superior Court Grants Injunctive Relief Regarding Public Health Directives and N95 Masks
By: Amanda Hunter, Janine Liberatore, Harriet Yiga
On April 23, 2020, Justice Morgan of the Ontario Superior Court issued an order requiring four Long Term Care homes (LTCs) to comply with the Chief Medical Officer of Health of Ontario (CMOH) Directives regarding health and safety measures in LTCs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Order requires the LTCs to provide access to N95 masks and to implement administrative controls around isolating and cohorting residents and staff as set out in Directives #3 and #5 issued by the CMOH.
The Court's decision is notable because Justice Morgan concluded that the decision regarding the need for PPE, including N95 masks, is to be made by a nurse based on his or her assessment at point of care. Justice Morgan further ordered that nurses are not to be "impeded" by management in making their assessment and determination. Nurses are expected to apply their professional judgment, taking into account the relevant short-term and long-term considerations - which include the current scarcity of N95 masks.
The Court Proceeding
The Court Order was obtained by the Ontario Nurses' Association (ONA) through an application for injunctive relief against four respondent LTCs: Eatonville Care Centre; Anson Place; Hawthorne Place and Henley Place. ONA argued that the lack of PPE and appropriate infection control procedures at the LTCs was a violation of the collective agreements; a breach of the public health directives; a violation of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) and an infringement of s.7 of the Charter regarding "the security of the person."
In the application, ONA sought an Order requiring the LTCs to comply with the CMOH Directives #3 and #5 issued pursuant to the Health Protection and Promotion Act (HPPA). In particular, ONA wanted the LTCs to allow nurses to make PPE decisions on an ongoing basis at the point of care, as well as isolating and cohorting residents and the staff attending to them, so that those who are infectious are kept separate from and treated by different nurses than those who are not.
The Attorney General was given notice of the application and participated in the hearing as well as representatives from the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOH). The Attorney General and MOH did not take a definitive position on the injunction but did provide evidence regarding the policy context of the CMOH Directives. It also took the position that ONA was "overreaching to the extent that the relief that they seek requires LTC facilities to provide them, on demand, with whatever PPE they in their sole discretion deem necessary".
The Directives
Section 77 of the HPPA authorizes the CMOH to issue directives to health care providers where there "exists or there may exist an immediate risk to the health of persons anywhere in Ontario." It further authorizes the CMOH to direct health care workers and organizations with respect to procedures "to be followed to protect the health of persons in Ontario".
On March 22, 2020, the CMOH issued Directive #3 which specifically applies to LTC homes. Directive #3 was updated on March 30, 2020, and supplemented by an outbreak Directive for LTCs on April 1, 2020. Directive #3 addresses required precautions and procedures in LTCs during the pandemic. With respect to masking, Directive #3 states: "Long-term care homes should immediately implement that all staff and essential visitors wear surgical/procedure masks at all times for source control for the duration of full shifts or visits in the long-term care home. For further clarity this is required regardless of whether the home is in outbreak or not." With respect to cohorting, Directive #3 states that LTC homes "must use staff and resident cohorting to prevent the spread of COVID-19" and provides a number of examples of appropriate cohorting.
On April 10, 2010, Directive #5 was issued and updated to specifically apply to LTC facilities. The updated Directive #5 followed consultation between the Ministry and the ONA. With respect to N95 masks the joint statement states that:
A PCRA [point of care risk assessment] 'must be performed' by every health care worker before every patient interaction;
The PCRA by the health care worker "should include the frequency and probability of routine or emergent AGMPs [aerosol generating medical procedures], and N95s or equivalent or better protection must be used in the room where AGMPs [as defined in the Directive] are being performed, are frequent or probable.
If a health care worker determines, based on the PCRA, and based on their professional and clinical judgment, that certain health and safety measures may be required in the delivery of care to the resident or patient, then the public hospital or LTC home must provide the health care worker with access to the appropriate measures, including an N95. The public hospital or long-term care home will not unreasonably deny access to the appropriate PPE. Health care workers must complete a PCRA before every patient interaction and if it is probable that an aerosol generating medical procedure (AGMP) be required, an N95 or equivalent must be used in the room and the LTC will not unreasonably deny access to the appropriate PPE.
The LTCs argued that the use of the word 'appropriate' and the balance of obligations in Directive #5 provides the LTCs' management input in the PPE required in each situation.
The Evidence of Infection Control Practices at the LTCs
As of the date of the hearing, 110 residents and at least 7 nurses had contracted COVID-19 and at least 54 residents had died from COVID-19 at the four Respondent LTCs.
ONA submitted a number of affidavits from nurses working at the LTCs. Regarding Eatonville Care Centre, the evidence submitted by ONA was that only nurses attending to confirmed cases of COVID-19 were permitted the N95 respirator masks. Staff attending to residents who are symptomatic had been supplied ordinary surgical masks and advised that N95s were unnecessary. As of April 14, 2020, Eatonville had 25 publicly confirmed deaths and 49 cases. The Coroner's Office was no longer entering the building and staff members were required to bring dead bodies outside to officials.
ONA's evidence regarding Anson Place was that nurses were advised that N95s were unnecessary and would only be provided when a nurse was swabbing a patient for COVID-19. Management kept a small supply of N95 masks available at the nursing station for limited use and the rest were under lock and key in the Executive Director's office. As of April 14, 2020, 49 of the 58 residents on the second-floor long-term care unit had tested positive. All the other long-term care residents were presumed positive. There were 20-some residents on the first-floor retirement home that had also tested positive. Anson Place had not implemented isolation and cohorting measures. Residents diagnosed with COVID-19 had not been moved from shared rooms and residents from the first and second floors were permitted to continue intermingling freely in the building's common lobby.
At Hawthorne Place, ONA's evidence was that as of April 12, 2020, there were 6 diagnosed cases of COVID-19 and one death among the 215 residents. There was one diagnosed case among the home's nursing staff. There were at least 4 additional residents of the second-floor long-term care unit exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms. Since the pandemic began in March 2020, Hawthrone Place has been chronically short-staffed. A very limited supply of N95s were made available for use with the rest being locked in the medicine storage unit. Management, not nursing staff, allocated PPE and made the decisions as to when N95s and other PPE were used. Residents who had become symptomatic were not isolated while awaiting test results. Staff who were exposed to these patients were instructed to report for work as usual rather than to self-isolate.
Regarding Henley Place, ONA's evidence was that one resident tested positive for COVID-19. N95s were removed from the facility's storage room and put under lock and key in the Administrator's office. Any staff member requesting an N95, was required to go through several layers of management before being approved. Patients had undergone emergency COVID-19 procedures by nursing staff who could not access in a timely fashion, the N95 masks required for the task. Managerial rather than medical personnel made the decision as to what PPE a nurse should access and under what circumstances.
ONA filed grievances at all four facilities alleging they have failed to take adequate measures to protect the health and safety of ONA members.
The LTCs filed material that they had, in fact, complied with Directives #3 and #5. They argued that the proceedings challenge the allocation of scarce but essential medical resources – i.e. PPE and, in particular, N95 masks. The LTCs noted the recognized scarcity of some PPE resources. They asserted that Directive #5 requires PPE decisions to take into account not only what the nurse determines to be necessary at the point of care, but what the LTC considers to be appropriate or reasonable under the circumstances taking into account conserving supplies for all of the LTC's health workers as well as for the future need for those supplies.
ONA and the LTCs' experts held contrary opinions regarding the necessity of N95 masks, in light of the insufficient supply of N95 respirators.
The Attorney General presented evidence from an expert microbiologist and former Director of the Division of Infection Control at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. Dr. McGeer deposed that there are limited circumstances in which N95s are necessary and the need to conserve N95 respirators should be taken into consideration. Further, the lack of N95s is not the cause of outbreaks in LTCs and that clustered infections appear to occur when no PPE is worn near patients or other health care workers who were not recognized as having the infection.
ONA submitted an affidavit from Dr. Lisa Brosseau, a retired Professor from the University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health. Dr. Brosseau's evidence was that "there exists a biological possibility that COVID-19 can be transmitted by airborne particles." Justice Morgan found this evidence to be "admittedly rather weak language". He also considered the evidence of Dr. Gary Garber, the Medical Director for Infection Prevention and Control at Public Health Ontario who opined in his affidavit that if COVID-19 were transmitted by airborne transmission rather than by respiratory droplets, we would see a far greater rate of infection. Dr. Garber stated that evidence to date suggests that COVID-19 – unlike tuberculosis, chicken pox, and measles – is not transmitted through the air.
The competing expert opinions resulted in Justice Morgan concluding that "the evidence regarding the transmission of the COVID-19 virus "continues to evolve"...[and] is not for me to iron out in this Application. It does demonstrate however, that the expert community is still trying to come to grips with the complexities of the COVID-19 virus."
The Precautionary Principle
Section 25(2)(h) of OHSA mandates employers to "take every precaution reasonable" for the protection of the worker. ONA argued that the principle applies where health and safety are threatened even where there is no scientific certainty that an activity will cause harm. The principle obligates employers to take precautions against the "as yet unknown."
In February 2020, Public Health Ontario and the Ontario Ministry of Health published advisory documents indicating the means of transmission for COVID-19 were not fully known and that full precautionary measures should be taken, including the use of respiratory N95 masks. On March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization also recommended complete respiratory protection for workers. However, on March 10, 2020, Public Health Ontario released a Technical Brief entitled "Updated IPAC Recommendations for Use of Personal Protective Equipment for Care of Individuals with Suspect or Confirmed COVID-19" which removed the recommendation to implement airborne precautions including N95 respirators for most COVID-19 care.
ONA argued the Brief was based on outdated studies done between 2012-2016 which made no reference to the epidemiology or transmission of COVID-19 or the PPE as it relates to COVID-19. Recognizing the controversy over the N95s, the CMOH's Directive #5 leaves the choice of protective gear (specifically the N95 mask) to the health care provider at the point of care. ONA argued that, in the context of COVID-19, where the modes of transmission are unconfirmed and it is possible the virus can be transmitted by airborne particles, the precautionary principle supports their argument that fit-tested N95 respirators must be worn when providing up-close care to known or suspected COVID-19 patients.
Injunction Proceedings
The Court noted in the decision that the issues before it were "fundamentally a labour dispute". Generally, labour disputes are within the exclusive jurisdictions of labour arbitrators or the Ontario Labour Relations Board (OLRB). However, the Courts retain inherent jurisdiction where a litigant cannot obtain a meaningful remedy through the available administrative tribunal processes.
As noted above, ONA commenced grievances at all of the named LTCs however, ONA argued that the grievance process takes time and even when expedited would not be before an arbitrator for at least 30 days. Similarly, the inspection process under OHSA would also not address ONA's concerns in a timely manner. ONA noted that OHSA inspections were no longer being done by visit to the facility, but rather over the phone. In addition, the appeal process before the OLRB, where no order was issued by an inspector, would not address the underlying policy decision of whether N95 masks should be available going forward.
The Court concluded that injunction proceedings were available to ONA because "[t]he real problem raised by this labour dispute is that the arbitral process is a slow and protracted one. In effect, that leaves this court's inherent jurisdiction as the only legal mechanism to realistically fill the void."
Test For Injunction
The applicable test for an interlocutory injunction comes from RJR-MacDonald v Canada, [1994] 1 SCR 311, at para 43:
1) is there a serious question to be tried;
2) will the applicant suffer irreparable harm if the interlocutory relief is not granted; and
3) does the balance of convenience favour granting relief pending the final determination of the matter?
Both parties agreed there was a serious issue to be tried. The LTCs also conceded there was a risk nurses would suffer irreparable harm if the injunctive relief was not granted. However, they argued that harm could not be considered in isolation. The balance of convenience at the third stage of the injunction test had to assess whether having nurses determine whether they get to use an N95 masks will impact the availability of the limited supply. The balance of convenience had to incorporate the public interest not just ONA's narrow, private interests.
The Court concluded that ONA's request for protective equipment did not represent a narrow private interest as the work performed by individual nurse's benefitted not only their patients but society at large. There was no prejudice to the LTCs which outweighed the irreparable harm that the nurses could suffer. The balance of convenience favoured, "those measures that give primacy to the health and safety of medical personnel and those that they treat." The Court concluded as follows:
Accordingly, all three steps in the test for injunctive relief had been met. Nurses are not to be impeded in assessing and determining at the point of care what PPE or other measures are appropriate and required under the circumstances. That assessment and determination is to be made on the basis of their professional judgment and should account for the immediate situation and the relevant short-term and long-term considerations.
It is important to note that injunction proceedings do not reach conclusions on the merits of either party's argument or evidence. As noted above, the Court need only be satisfied that there is sufficient evidence of a serious issue. It doesn't have to decide the issue. The hearing before Justice Morgan took place over videoconference based on the affidavit evidence presented by the parties. No witnesses were cross-examined. Until a full hearing on the merits is undertaken, the four LTCs subject to the Court's Order must comply and give nurses the discretion to decide on the PPE they require based on their point of care assessment.
Our knowledge and understanding of COVID-19 continues to evolve. New information from evidence-based studies being undertaken globally could change the recommendations of the CMOH. In addition, improvement in the global supply chain could alleviate the problem of availability of N95 masks. Until that occurs, we can anticipate that unions will be relying on this decision to push for more autonomy for health care workers over the allocation of PPE, specifically N95 respirator masks.
The article in this update provides general information and should not be relied on as legal advice or opinion. This publication is copyrighted by Hunter Liberatore Law LLP and may not be reproduced in any form, in whole or in part, without the express permission of Hunter Liberatore Law LLP. ©
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Home > About Us > News/Press Releases > Billings Clinic Named in Becker's Hospital Review 100 Great Hospitals in America
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Billings Clinic Named in Becker's Hospital Review 100 Great Hospitals in America
Billings, MT — Becker's Hospital Review has published the 2014 edition of "100 Great Hospitals in America," a compilation of some of the most prominent, forward-thinking and focused healthcare facilities in the nation. Billings Clinic is the only hospital in Montana to be included on the list.
According to Becker's Hospital Review, hospitals included on the list are home to many medical and scientific breakthroughs, provide best-in-class patient care and are stalwarts of their communities, serving as academic hubs or local mainstays.
To develop the list, Becker's Hospital Review's editorial team conducted research, considered nominations and evaluated reputable hospital ranking sources, such as U.S. News & World Report, Truven Health Analytics' 100 Top Hospitals, Healthgrades, Magnet designation by the American Nurses Credentialing Center, The Leapfrog Group and several other resources.
The complete list can be read at http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/100-great-hospitals-2014/full-list.html.
About Becker's Hospital Review Becker's Hospital Review is a monthly publication offering up-to-date business and legal news and analysis relating to hospitals and health systems. Content is geared toward high-level hospital leaders, and we work to provide valuable content, including hospital and health system news, best practices and legal guidance specifically for these decision-makers. Each issue of Becker's Hospital Review reaches more than 18,000 people, primarily acute-care hospital CEOs, CFOs and CIOs.
ACLS Provider-New
American Heart Association Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Course is for healthcare professionals who either direct or participate in the management of cardiopulmonary arrest or other cardiovascular emergencies.
Heartsaver CPR with AED
BLS Provider-Renewal (Healthcare Provider)
Diabetes Prevention Program - Lifestyle Balance Info Session
Lifestyle Balance is the National Diabetes prevention program focusing on reducing your risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To be eligible for the program you must be at least 18 years of age, BMI greater than 24 and be at risk for type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle Balance is a comprehensive year long program focusing on nutrition, physical activity, and behavior modification to help you loose at least 7% of your body weight.

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A shift in herd management
Ranching Legacies Ranching-legacies |
Amanda Radke
What type of change is right for your cattle operation now? That was the question posed during a livestock production panel at Dakotafest on Aug. 23, in Mitchell, SD. As a drought plagues the U.S., cattlemen need to become better managers of their herd. Good managers plan ahead, save for the future and make tough decisions regarding cattle numbers and feed resources.
Offering advice on this topic was Darrell Mark, South Dakota State University (SDSU) adjunct professor of economics, Matt Diersen, SDSU Extension economist, Warren Rusche, SDSU Extension cow-calf specialist, and Matt Grussing, First Dakota Bank, Kimball, SD.
Three months before Dakotafest, members of the panel planned to discuss expanding the cowherd, but the group had to switch gears as more ranchers are selling pairs because pasture ground is drying up.
Here's a roundup of what the group advised:
"There is a shift of feeding cattle closer to home in the Upper Plains. We are adding infrastructure in South Dakota such as the packing plant in Aberdeen and more feedlots, which will help to make feeding cattle here more profitable and plausible."
-Darrell Mark, SDSU adjunct professor of economics
"Feed security is a worry for producers," Rusche said. "How are we going to make sure we have enough cost-effective feedstuffs to feed our livestock every year?"
Rusche said liquid protein could be making a comeback as more producers use marginal hay and feed this winter.
"People with excess silage could winter extra cows for profit and utilize extra feed before it spoils," he added.
"There is a shift of feeding cattle closer to home in the Upper Plains," Mark said. "We are adding infrastructure in South Dakota such as the packing plant in Aberdeen and more feedlots, which will help to make feeding cattle here more profitable and plausible."
Getting through the winter could be a challenge for many producers with the rising cost of feed.
"Feeding alfalfa hay could raise costs to $4 per head per day this winter," Mark said. "Light calves could be undervalued at the sale barn this fall. If you have to feed them more to get through the winter and spring months, yearlings could be more profitable."
The region's livestock producers will be successful, despite the challenges a drought brings, Diersen said.
"Our diversity is an asset because in dry years, we have a way to use poor crops as forage for cattle in the form of silage," Diersen explained. "We need to use available feedstuffs – corn stover, silage distillers and soybean hulls. "We need to be creative. Inventory management is critical. We need to extend the grazing season and ration available feedstuffs. Free choice hay is wasteful; figure out the nutrient requirements for your cows and feed to that."
Additionally, knowing where you stand financially is just as important as keeping an inventory of available feedstuffs.
"Producers need to keep a budget 18 months in advance, so they can see upcoming cash flow problems and adjust the line of credit accordingly," Diersen advised.
"Lines of credit could be a slippery slope," Grussing added. "Producers need to keep a good cushion for a rainy day and remain liquid."
As an industry, livestock has become a secondary income as crop production takes center stage. Today, there is 30 million acres in cropland and 15-20 million acres in rangeland. Ranchers can take advantage of the crop residues to be used as cattle feed, and they still need to have a working plan to manage both animals and crops.
"Inventory management is key," advised Grussing. "So many people sold off excess feed last year when prices were high, but now they are having a hard time. Keep a year and a half of feed on hand at all times is a good rule of thumb. It's a good idea to keep 50 percent of equity in the operation."
So, what type of change is good for your cattle operation right now? The panel agreed that preparing for the future, stockpiling available forage and feed resources, taking inventory of the cowherd, utilizing pasture ground for as long as possible and making appropriate decisions for best time to sell weaned calves will be critical for producers as they navigate through the drought.
Thomas Angus Wyoming Division Bull Sale
Brooks Chalky Butte Ranch Female Sale
Ellingson Simmentals Annual Production Sale
Ruggles Angus Sale
McKnight Ranch Angus Bull Sale


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Steelers Sign QB Tyler Murphy Off Practice Squad, CB Cortez Allen Placed On IR
As expected, the Pittsburgh Steelers made a roster move on Saturday and it included Tyler Murphy being promoted from the practice squad to the 53 man roster. To make room for Murphy on the roster, cornerback Cortez Allen was placed on the Reserve/Injured list.
Murphy will now dress on Sunday against the Kansas City Chiefs and serve as the backup to Landry Jones, who will be making his first career start. This also now means that you can expect Ben Roethlisberger (knee/questionable) to be inactive on Sunday along with backup Mike Vick (hamstring/out).
Murphy was originally signed by the Steelers this year as an undrafted free agent out of Boston College where he was 131-of-230 passing for 1,623 yards with 13 touchdowns and 10 interceptions in 2014. He also rushed 181 times for 1,184 yards and 11 touchdowns last season.
During the preseason, Murphy played very few snaps at quarterback as most of his playing time was spent at the wide receiver position. He didn't attempt a single pass during the preseason and rushed just twice for two yards in addition to catching 8 passes for 90 yards and a touchdown.
As for Allen, he hasn't played since the first week of the season because of a knee injury. The former fourth round draft out of the Citadel also missed most of the 2014 season due to injuries. He signed a big contract extension prior to the start of the 2014 regular season.
Related Items:Ben Roethlisberger, Byron Stingily, Kansas City Chiefs, Mike Vick, Transactions, Tyler Murphy
Steelers CB Joe Haden Activated From Reserve/COVID-19 List On Monday


Many people get excited about the Fall time change, because it means gaining an extra hour of sleep. I used to feel the same way when I didn't have children. But now, I actually dread the fact that we have to turn the clocks back an hour, because though we may get adjusted to it pretty quickly as adults – children are a different story!
I run a pretty tight ship when it comes to staying on schedule. We have a regular daily routine from the time we get up in the morning to the time we go to bed at night. Even the baby naps pretty much at the same time each day. All the kids (ages 5, 3, 1) go to bed at the same time – by 7:30pm. They also wake up at the same time everyday – by 6:30pm. The baby actually gets up a little earlier for his bottle. And as most of you moms know, children oftentimes have this internal clock inside of them that tells them when to get up. It doesn't matter what time they go to bed either. They usually always get up at the same time.
So, this morning, instead of getting up at the usual 6:00am in the morning, the baby was up at 5:00am in the morning. Today I just kept saying to my husband – "How am I going to deal with having to get up so early?" I guess being pregnant makes this whole time change thing worse, because I am just plain tired as it is. I need sleep more than anything right now. I don't mean to complain, but I just felt like I needed to share about this frustration and wanted to hear your thoughts.
Does it take your kids a while to adjust to daylight savings time? How do you make the transition easier?
I'm dealing with it for the first time (my daughter's 7 months old), and it's awful! We were up at 5:30 yesterday morning – and 5:15 today. She had her first morning nap before it was even time to leave for daycare. This might just kill me if it continues…and I'm not even pregnant! good luck!
.-= amber´s last blog ..A Glimpse Into the Way the Other Half Lives. =-.
We also struggle with time changes. Although there isn't a lot we can do to fix it easily, I do have some tips I've adopted over the years. First thing is that I acknowledge it will take at least a week to adjust. I find giving myself a longer goal keeps my frustrations at bay. Also, I try to adjust our evening schedule by 15 minutes every few days. To clarify: if bedtime is 7 p.m., on Sunday night (after change) we try to stay up until 7:45. We don't usually make this goal, but we allow our bodies the flexibility. By wearing the children out, it helps their internal a.m. clock adjust to the time change. On Tuesday we stay up until 7:30, or when we tire, whichever comes first. Thursday will be 7:15, etc. Then by the following weekend we are usually back to our traditional morning & evening routines. Not a perfect system, but it lessens the battles & helps my early rising children to adjust. Good luck finding your family's system.
.-= Heather´s last blog ..Brandi Carlile Review – Give Up The Ghost =-.
My kids are at a loss….
My girls get up about an hour early the first day or so…however they adjust the next day and we're back to normal. It doesn't normally effect me or our family…though I know many that it does! Good luck getting back to normal.
.-= Amanda @ High Impact Mom´s last blog ..Wordless: Happy Birthday Poppie =-.


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Weekly Runs
Trails We Run
South Table Mountain
Difficulty Rating (1-5 scale, 5 being the most difficult)
Physical: 2
Technical: 2
Navigational: 4
South Table Mountain bumps up against the E edge of Golden, on the S side of Clear Creek, across the creek from it's sister, North Table Mountain. The mesa is a mix of public (Open Space, federal, state and local) and private land. Much of the northern part of the mesa (as well as a few other pockets) are privately held and off limits; some of that is fenced off. The park is fairly new to the OS system and the trails are still being developed. The E part of the mesa, as well as the E and SE approaches, has established trails and signage. The W part has lots of trails, many of which will not be part of the final plan, and no signs. The top is fairly flat with few land marks, so finding your way can be a challenge. It's best to go with someone who knows the trails your first few times.
The Red Rocks trail is nice and rolling. Much of the N end is fairly smooth, there's a few technical spots to negotiate in the middle, and the S end drops moderately steeply down to Red Rocks Park. The mesa is accessed via the Morrison Slide trail. We usually climb it from the S, which is much rockier, and descend to the N. There are some nice views from the top.
There is little vegetation and the trails are exposed. Thus, it's best to avoid the trails there when it's hot, windy, or during thunder storms. The best times to use it are fall through spring. It's a great place for night time running, especially during a full moon. The trails aren't that technical, so it's a good place to run over the winter. You should also avoid the trails when they're wet because the trails can turn to heavy, wet clay (you should avoid all front range trails when they're muddy). It's fun for snowshoeing with several inches of snow.
There are many places to access S Table (new parking lots are in the plans). DTR usually gets there from one of two places on the SE side:
Denver West Marriott - Take I-70 to Colorado Mill Parkway/Denver West Marriott Parkway, exit 263. Go N at the exit. Turn left at the light onto Denver West Parkway. Take an immediate left into the Marriott. Go right to the far NW part of the lot. http://g.co/maps/f39mp
Tanglewood Park - Take I-70 to Colorado Mill Parkway/Denver West Marriott Parkway, exit 263. Go N at the exit. Turn right at the light onto Denver West Parkway. In 0.4mi, turn left onto Denver West Circle, then an immediate right into the lot by the ball fields and tennis courts. http://g.co/maps/b3a84
There are lots of unmarked and social trails on the mesa, and few landmarks. It's important to pay attention to where you are, take a mental note at all junctions (it's an out-and-back route), carry a map, and stay with someone who knows the way.
On Thursday nights, DTR has different routes at each run. The different routes are designed so that we can accommodate runners of different speeds and still start/finish at about the same time. See more info on choosing the appropriate route for you.


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There is a problem in Kashmir
August 26, 2019 08:15 IST
'Jammu and Kashmir's anger, alienation, violence, human rights abuses need addressing. It must begin with accepting that the borders today are the permanent borders of India and Pakistan,' says Shekhar Gupta.
IMAGE: Although restrictions have been lifted in many parts of the valley, downtown Srinagar continues to see a large mobilisation of security personnel. Photograph: S Irgan / PTI Photo
Before searching for a solution to the Kashmir problem, we should understand it better.
There are deadly perils in jumping with solutions without first understanding the facts and realities. Only quacks -- or maybe, faith-healers -- prescribe medication for chronic ailments without arriving at a reasoned diagnosis.
There are three sets of solutions today from three categories of these "faith-healers".
First, in India, the establishment view, which finds wide popular support is, that the only problem in Kashmir is Pakistan, and the radical Islam it exports there along with rifles, rocket-launchers and RDX. Get the Pakistanis off our back, and you shoot a sequel to Kashmir Ki Kali in Dal Lake.
The Pakistani establishment fantasy, again with wide public support, is an exact opposite: Get the Indians out by pushing, pinching, bleeding them. We defeated the Soviets and Americans in Afghanistan. What is India? Then, you can integrate all of Kashmir as the sixth province of Pakistan.
The third category, in our analysis today, is the small, but articulate and doughty group of Indian liberals. They accept that Kashmir's accession to India isn't final, that the will of the Kashmiris is paramount and it hasn't yet been sought. To that extent, their basic demands for plebiscite, autonomy, even independence, are legitimate. You can't keep them with India by using state and military power.
Philosophically, it is difficult to argue with this: India is a voluntary federation of states, so how can you force people to stay with you if they don't want it.
No surprise that this view also finds sympathy among a lot of fundamentally liberal and young elites.
I understand the perils in picking an argument with them because this very position gives them the higher moral ground. But we live dangerously.
Let's break it down to five fundamental pillars on which this current liberal position rests:
1. India made a commitment to plebiscite in the United Nations Security Council Resolutions of 1947-48. Why did it violate these?
The fact is, both India and Pakistan made this commitment. Both broke it.
If you read the text of the resolution (47), however, you will see a three-step ladder. The first was Pakistan withdrawing all its forces from Kashmir and then making "best endeavours" to ensure all others (we will call them jihadis today), to leave, too. It never happened.
The next two steps were India thinning its troops to the minimum needed, setting up an all-party government, and then for a plebiscite to be held under a UN-appointed governor.
Pakistan didn't take the first step. India wasn't jumping to take the next two.
2. Most Kashmiris want neither India nor Pakistan. They want freedom, or aazadi. How can you deny it to them? Think referendum, think Quebec, Scotland, or Brexit.
Once again, read the resolutions. It will take you three minutes. They do not provide independence or aazadi as an option. The choice is India or Pakistan.
Pakistan's supposed support for Kashmiri "aazadi" is fraudulent, but it has also had some Goebbelsian success with this great deception that Pakistanis back freedom for Kashmiris. Pakistan has built this masterfully over 70 years, calling the part of Kashmir occupied by it "Azad Kashmir".
Since they claim all of Kashmir, shouldn't they be calling it their state of Jammu and Kashmir as well? No. Because that will expose their hypocrisy in using aazadi as a cover for territorial capture.
Google if there are any statements from any Pakistani leaders of consequence offering aazadi as an option. I find none. If you buy into that aazadi fantasy, please do. You can't sell it to the rest of India.
3. Can you hold for ever a piece of territory and people by military power?
The answer is a counter-question: Can you take away a territory and people from another country through military power?
Pakistan tried this. Twice, in 1947-48 and 1965 through direct military invasion, and 1989 onwards with proxy war. There was also the little madness of Kargil 1999.
These are facts. You need to understand Nehru's shift on the UN resolutions from mid-1953 onwards.
The Cold War is then ratcheting up, Kashmir's geography traps it into a unique pincer where the Great Game hasn't ended. Foreseeing trouble, he moved to integrate Kashmir in 1953 with Sheikh Abdullah's arrest. In the next two years, Pakistan had joined the US-led Baghdad Pact, SEATO, etc. It began tilting the military balance in its favour over the next decade. Ultimately it was Nehru's pre-emptive action that saved Kashmir from military (not plebiscite-led) capture.
Exit, Article 370
The Pakistanis waited until they felt they had built sufficient military advantage, caught India in a period of weakness -- military recovering from the 1962 debacle, Nehru's death, food shortages -- and used its full US-armed and trained military might (read up on Op Gibraltar and Op Grand Slam) to take Kashmir, but failed.
This was the last time Pakistan could have taken Kashmir by direct military force. And they hadn't sent their troops and tanks to win Kashmiris aazadi.
These three pretty much account for the twists and turns in the Kashmir story in its first, UN to Simla epoch (1947-72), though at a kind of digital pace in fast-forward. That brings us to the fourth:
4. Why is the Modi government not settling Kashmir in accordance with the Simla Agreement as even Imran Khan is now saying?
The answer again: Do read the short Simla Agreement. The literal sense is all India-Pakistan problems are now bilateral. Which means, no UN Resolutions.
The spirit was, both realise that none can take any territory by force. So, rename the Cease Fire Line (CFL) as the Line of Control (LoC) and work on persuading your people to accept it as the border.
Why this wasn't stated more explicitly, is a brilliant subject for some genuine scholar for a book called "The Guilty Indians (not just men) of Simla".
But, the spirit was betrayed as soon as the prisoners of war returned. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto began Islamising his country (yes, he, not Zia, did), hosted the Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC) summit in Lahore, even named its cricket stadium after Muammar Gaddafi as he launched a fund-raiser for his "Islamic Bomb".
The cool breeze of Simla lasted only until the bomb was ready. By 1989, Pakistan was back in "action", trying to take Kashmir with force again, avoiding direct confrontation which they knew they would lose.
The Simla Agreement was indeed violated. Only by Pakistan.
5. But the Kashmiris don't want to be with you, what can you do?
Again, a counter-question: Who are the Kashmiris?
The Right-Nationalists are missing nuance when they say just 10 districts of the Valley can't speak for all of the state. Because these represent the state's majority.
The liberal argument is more flawed. If the majority view of Valley Muslims then subsumes the sizeable minorities of the state, what do we do for the view of the rest, about 99.5 per cent of India? Can you have the democratic logic of majority work in one place and not in the other?
Whether you like Narendra Modi or not, he has now broken the post-Simla status quo. Pakistan's space for sub-military manoeuvre is gone. No political party of consequence is questioning the abrogation of Article 370, only the method.
There is a new status quo. Pakistan can risk breaking it.
There is a problem in Kashmir, with anger, alienation, violence, human rights abuses, and it needs addressing.
It must begin with accepting that the borders today are the permanent borders of India and Pakistan.
We shouldn't need Bill Clinton to come here and tell us that maps of the region can no longer be redrawn with blood.
Once you accept this reality, you can argue about the future.
By special arrangement with ThePrint.
Shekhar Gupta


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When composing or updating wills and estate documents, a couple will naturally discuss how to divide their estate. Many questions arise during these discussions. Do you leave equal amounts to your children? Will each child be a wise steward of the inheritance or have they proven irresponsible with money?
Sometimes small and unexpected words of encouragement can go a long way. I must admit that being an encourager is something I struggle with as a leader. I often think I need to do more to encourage our staff and students. Sometimes in leadership, as you deal with problems and challenges, it can be easy to lose sight of the positive and the big picture. In recent weeks, I have often found myself, at the end of my day, asking myself if I did something of eternal value.
LOUISVILLE—The Western Recorder—Kentucky's statewide Baptist newspaper for 190 years—will experience two significant changes in March that are designed to bolster its impact and effectiveness in communicating with Baptists across the commonwealth and beyond.
A Business Times story last March accurately was headlined "Newspaper industry faces evolution, not extinction." That fact-based opinion is certainly mirrored by action taken last week by the Western Recorder board of trustees. Your Western Recorder is not going away—but it is changing. And I believe the changes will benefit readers, advertisers and the churches of the Kentucky Baptist Convention.


text:
Police release photo of man suspected of assaulting woman at Wrigley Field concert
By Peter Nickeas
Police are seeking to identify a suspect in a criminal sexual assault that allegedly took place at the Foo Fighters concert at Wrigley Field on July 29, 2018. (Chicago Police Department)
Chicago police have released a photo of a man suspected of following a woman into a portable bathroom and sexually assaulting her at a Foo Fighters concert at Wrigley Field over the weekend.
The woman, 23, told police she was in line for food when a man groped her around 9:30 p.m. Sunday. She left the line and walked to a portable toilet, and the man followed her in before she could lock the door, police said.
The man grabbed her neck and hit her head against the wall, according to police. She reported the attack to a nursing station, and she was taken to a hospital by a private ambulance.
Police described the man as white, 30 to 45 years old, about 6 feet tall, weighing 200 to 220 pounds, with thinning hair and possibly a receding hairline. Photos of the suspect were released after detectives checked video in the area.
The Chicago Police Department released a statement late Tuesday saying they were re-interviewing the victim to help "establish an investigative timeline" after having recovered more video.
"We are still seeking to identify the male subject in the community alert and question him in reference to the investigation," according to the statement.
A Chicago Cubs spokesman said the organization is cooperating with police.
No signs of big ICE raids in Chicago yet, but impact still felt: 'It will affect everything'
Obama Foundation draws 8 new big-money donors, including the former president's golfing buddy
Muslim community leader throws out first pitch at Cubs game as team continues outreach
Yorkville's 'Pine Village Masscre' shooter released from prison, nearly 15 months after he was paroled
The Cubs increased security staff at Monday night's Foo Fighters concert, according to team spokesman Julian Green.
The Cubs organization provides security at the stadium for all games and events through a contractor.
pnickeas@chicagotribune.com
Twitter @PeterNickeas
RELATED: Cubs assure fans they can 'safely' enter Wrigley Field on day of Lake Shore Drive march; biggest concern is route to game »


text:
Hot Apollo
Piano Times and Acoustic Things
Toronto's Shiniest Rock-and-Roll Band
January 27, 2013 / Jaymes Buckman
The natural comfort this apartment offered when it first became mine is still intact. The recent problems with the air conditioning system, a normally stolid generator of warmth that would bring torrid doom to any man who did not court heat so fervently, have done nothing significant to diminish my love for the room. During the earliest days of my tenancy, I noted the faintest shiver of trepidation over the thought of the conditions that my first winter would bring, though I was quickly calmed when I was informed of regulations on building temperatures that would guard against my frigid fears.
The only enduring sliver of nervous anticipation I've ever had for my room's future came into being slightly later. I walked into my bathroom upon one afternoon to discover that a new dimness had come to occupy that cramped space.
I should mention that my disregard for the aesthetics of my surroundings does not simply extend to the realm of the porcelain throne. Instead, it crosses the border into that musty zone and expands. It breaks off and forms a new empire of disregard, taking a dirty beige shower curtain for its flag.
For this very reason, the lowering of the light in that section of my apartment was not enough to bother me, but it made me aware of the possibility that the remote reaches of future months would see the demise of the bulb that brought tender and dependable illumination to the main room.
I have changed bulbs in my time, but I have always done so after long years in which I was able to develop intimate, trusting relationships with the fixtures that held them. Though the presence of this light has consistently provided me with pleasant company, those erstwhile bonds have not been matched. I suspect the presence of unruly matter within the confines of its translucent dome. There was one summer day on which I returned from work to find a solitary leaf that dangled ominously on a thread attached to its glass. I still don't know what to do with that.
The situation is exacerbated by its location directly above my desk. I do not desire to know what rogue particles could fall and mix themselves in amongst the fairly sterile clutter that adorns my table.
On Friday, I rose to turn on the light, seeking the extra motivation that it generally bestows upon a body in the middle of its escape from slumber. Though I had dutifully switched it off before I lay myself down on the previous night, it would not come on. The remaining daylight convinced me to delay my concerns on the matter and go about normal business.
While I wandered the streets, two things befell me. One was the early darkness of winter, and the other was the realisation that the potentially fearful changing of the bulb could be postponed further by the acquisition of an obsolete lamp from the desk of my father's vacant study.
When I returned from this journey, I eagerly plugged it in and oriented it towards the ceiling, allowing it to cast a new glow that only served to enhance the amniotic ambience of the apartment. It still looks slightly weird when I look directly at the celing, but that's basically what ceilings are for anyway. I have now convinced myself that I will never need to change the original bulb, and this makes me happy.
Update on 2013-01-27 08:44 by Jaymes Buckman
Bonus Question!
Best Doctor Light? The one from "Mega Man" wins by virtue of not being a rapist.
Cannibal Bastards
Left Field Bolt Blues
Copyright © 2011, Jaymes Buckman and David Aaron Cohen. All rights reserved. In a good way.


text:
Q: why maven-failsafe-plugin doesn't show serenity tests executed? I setup a basic project using Serenity and I am having issues displaying results when I run mvn clean verify
[INFO] --- maven-failsafe-plugin:2.20:integration-test (default) @ functional-tests ---
[INFO]
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running starter.SmokeTestSuite
Feature: Booking

  @Smoke
  Scenario Outline: Book a reservation # src/test/resources/features/book/booking_creation.feature:4
    Given an agent with role "ADMIN" has logged in

    Examples:

  @Smoke
  Scenario Outline: Book a reservation # src/test/resources/features/book/booking_creation.feature:19
Started InternetExplorerDriver server (32-bit)
3.13.0.0
Listening on port 11642
Only local connections are allowed
Sep 10, 2018 7:50:29 AM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFO: Detected dialect: W3C
    Given an agent with role "ADMIN" has logged in                    # LoginSteps.agent_has_logged_in(String)

1 Scenarios (1 passed)
1 Steps (1 passed)
0m18.568s

[INFO] Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 19.681 s - in starter.SmokeTestSuite
[INFO]
[INFO] Results:
[INFO]
[INFO] Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

These are some facts I have from this issue:

*

*The SERENITY and TEST STARTED ascii art is not being displayed, but the TEST FAILED ascii art is

*The test is running (as you can see in the log, it shows 1 scenario passed), the problem is it is not showing the number of tests executed

*It doesn't matter if the test passes or fails, it still won't show anything

*The runner class is runner/SmokeTestSuite.java

This is my pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>functional-tests</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>functional tests</name>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <serenity.version>1.9.26</serenity.version>
        <serenity.maven.version>1.9.26</serenity.maven.version>
        <serenity.cucumber.version>1.9.8</serenity.cucumber.version>
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <tags></tags>
        <parallel.tests>4</parallel.tests>
        <webdriver.base.url></webdriver.base.url>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
            <artifactId>serenity-core</artifactId>
            <version>${serenity.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
            <artifactId>serenity-junit</artifactId>
            <version>${serenity.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
            <artifactId>serenity-screenplay</artifactId>
            <version>${serenity.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
            <artifactId>serenity-screenplay-webdriver</artifactId>
            <version>${serenity.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>
            <artifactId>serenity-cucumber</artifactId>
            <version>${serenity.cucumber.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
            <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
            <version>1.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
            <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.20</version>
                <configuration>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.20</version>
                <configuration>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*TestSuite.java</include>
                    </includes>
                    <!--
                    <systemPropertyVariables>
                        <webdriver.base.url>${webdriver.base.url}</webdriver.base.url>
                    </systemPropertyVariables>
                     -->
                    <parallel>classes</parallel>
                    <threadCount>${parallel.tests}</threadCount>
                    <forkCount>${parallel.tests}</forkCount>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>integration-test</goal>
                            <goal>verify</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>net.serenity-bdd.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>serenity-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${serenity.maven.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <tags>${tags}</tags>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>serenity-reports</id>
                        <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>aggregate</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

I appreciate any help, thanks!

A: I had the same problem with a similar project. The reason why surefire didn't count the serenity test results was because the POM contained JUnit and TestNG artifacts. The TestNG artifact was added via a parent POM.
After I removed the TestNG dependency the report showed the number of tests executed.

A: This doesn't answer you question as to why maven-failsafe-plugin doesn't show tests executed, but I have the same problem and needed to fail the build if tests failed.
The tests run but executions are not reported:
Reports view generated with 288 stories (of which 1 pending) containing 2463 scenarios (of which 1 pending)
Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 23,875.336 sec

I upgraded the Serenity, JBehave and Selenium dependencies with no luck.
I have resorted to using the serenity-maven-plugin:check goal to fail the build (instead of the maven-failsafe-plugin) during the verify phase:
<plugin>
    <groupId>net.serenity-bdd.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>serenity-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    ...
    <execution>
        <phase>verify</phase>
        <goals>
            <goal>check</goal>
        </goals>
    </execution>

Which results in a build failure as required:
[INFO] --- serenity-maven-plugin:1.9.45:check (default) @ project-testing ---
[INFO] Checking Serenity test results
[INFO] ----------------------
[INFO] SERENITY TEST OUTCOMES
[INFO] ----------------------
[INFO]   - Tests executed: 2628
[INFO]   - Tests passed: 1823
[INFO]   - Tests failed: 48
[INFO]   - Tests with errors: 757
[INFO]   - Tests pending: 0
[INFO]   - Tests compromised: 0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal net.serenity-bdd.maven.plugins:serenity-maven-plugin:1.9.45:check (default) on project project-testing: An error occurred in the Serenity tests -> [Help 1]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Joey was born and raised in Cornwall, Ontario but his grandparents come from Italy, making him only the second generation in his family to be born in Canada. He graduated from Holy Trinity Catholic Secondary School as Valedictorian in 2013 and completed the Business-Administration Accounting program at St. Lawrence College while acting as the Cornwall Student Union's Vice President of Corporate Affairs in 2016.
Shortly after graduating from college, Joey began his career in finance at a major financial institution. He worked as a teller for one year before being promoted to "Universal Banker", a new role in the bank that he would be piloting. It was in this role that Joey was able to take on new responsibilities such as opening accounts for clients as well as teaching them to do their banking more independently and efficiently.
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text:
Q: Request Focus on TextField in jetpack compose How to auto focus on textfield in jetpack compose. When i click on textfield and start typing on it. Meantime when i click back button,then when i'm try to click on textfield, nothing happens.
val textState = remember { mutableStateOf(TextFieldValue()) }
TextField(
    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
    value = textState.value,
    onValueChange = { value : TextFieldValue ->
        textState.value = value
    }
)

A: Posting an updated Answer to the question (APIs were renamed in Compose Beta)
@Composable
fun AutoFocusingText() {
    var value by mutableStateOf("Enter Text")
    val focusRequester = remember { FocusRequester() }
    TextField(
        value = value,
        onValueChange = { value = it },
        modifier = Modifier.focusRequester(focusRequester)
    )

    LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
        focusRequester.requestFocus()
    }
}

A: Taken from Compose Unit Tests and applied to TextField Link
    @ExperimentalFocus
    @Composable
    fun AutoFocusingText() {
        val textState = remember { mutableStateOf(TextFieldValue()) }
        val focusState = remember { mutableStateOf(FocusState.Inactive) }
        val focusRequester = FocusRequester()
        val focusModifier = Modifier.focus()
        Row(
            modifier = Modifier.focusObserver { focusState.value = it }
        ) {
            val focusRequesterModifier = Modifier.focusRequester(focusRequester)
            TextField(
                modifier = focusModifier.then(focusRequesterModifier),
                value = textState.value,
                onValueChange = { value: TextFieldValue ->
                    textState.value = value
                },

                )
        }
        onActive {
            focusRequester.requestFocus()
        }
    }

Edit: Changed Box to Row because Box has been deprecated in '1.0.0-alpha04'

A: If you wanted your text field to be focused automatically when you navigate to the screen, you can use this. This allows you not to requestFocus during composition which is not something you should do. Otherwise, you will get IllegalStateException with the message "FocusRequester is not initialized" at times.
 @Composable fun YourComposable(){
   val focusRequester = remember {FocusRequester()}

        LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
            this.coroutineContext.job.invokeOnCompletion {
                focusRequester.requestFocus()
            }
        }

       OutlinedTextField( modifier = Modifier.focusRequester(focusRequester))

}

This is due to the coroutine inside LaucnhedEffeect will be canceled when the LaunchedEffect leaves the composition.

A: You can use the FocusRequester with a SideEffect.
Something like:
var text by remember { mutableStateOf("text") }

// initialize focus reference to be able to request focus programmatically
val focusRequester = FocusRequester()

Column {
    TextField(
        value = text,
        onValueChange = {
            text = it
        },
        label = { Text("label") },
        modifier = Modifier
            // add focusRequester modifier
            .focusRequester(focusRequester)
    )

Then use focusRequester.requestFocus(). In this way the system grants focus to the component associated with this FocusRequester.
To have the field automatically focused when the screen appears you can use:
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
    focusRequester.requestFocus()
}

To manually grant the focus to the field:
    Button(
         onClick = { focusRequester.requestFocus() }
    ){
        Text("Click to give the focus")
    }

A:
    @Composable fun SomeComposable() {
        val focusRequester = remember { FocusRequester() }

    OutlinedTextField(
        value = TextFieldValue(
        text = state.text, // state come from else where
        selection = TextRange(state.text.length,state.text.length)),

        onValueChange = { _:TextFieldValue -> Unit },
        modifier = Modifier
          .fillMaxWidth()
          .focusRequester(focusRequester),)

    SideEffect {
        focusRequester.requestFocus()
        }
    }

Why SideEffect: the very first line of the docs.
For the Cursor Position this answer helped.
onValueChanged is left as is in my working code, I have no need for it.

A: In the latest version of Jetpack Compose (1.3.3 for now), if you use this:
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
    focusRequester.requestFocus()
}

trying to auto focus a TextField, you would get:
java.lang.IllegalStateException:
FocusRequester is not initialized. Here are some possible fixes:

    1. Remember the FocusRequester: val focusRequester = remember { FocusRequester() }
    2. Did you forget to add a Modifier.focusRequester() ?
    3. Are you attempting to request focus during composition? Focus requests should be made in
    response to some event. Eg Modifier.clickable { focusRequester.requestFocus() }

Here is an elegant solution without using delay:
val focusRequester = remember { FocusRequester() }

TextField(
    modifier = Modifier
        .focusRequester(focusRequester)
        .onGloballyPositioned {
            focusRequester.requestFocus() // IMPORTANT
        },
    value = someValue,
    onValueChange = {
        // ...
    }
)

// We don't need this
// LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
//     focusRequester.requestFocus()
// }

A: val focusRequester = remember { FocusRequester() }
val inputService = LocalTextInputService.current
val focus = remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
BasicTextField(
    value = "value",
    modifier = Modifier
        .height(40.dp)
        .fillMaxWidth()
        .focusRequester(focusRequester)
        .onFocusChanged {
            if (focus.value != it.isFocused) {
                focus.value = it.isFocused
                if (!it.isFocused) {
                    inputService?.hideSoftwareKeyboard()
                }
            }
        },
),

LaunchedEffect("") {
    delay(300)
    inputService?.showSoftwareKeyboard()
    focusRequester.requestFocus()
}


Adjustable saddle chest strap, fashionable, full range, rich fabrics.
With the pet traction rope, you can take the dog out for a walk any time.
Ultra wide length adjustment,suitable for different kinds of dogs.
Better protect the dog's body in the development and growth from injury.
Also can be used in conjunction with dog training.
Note: The size measured by hand,so it may have a little difference.You can refer to our size before you choose the size.


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Q: why can't I open my Android Studio project on XUbuntu? I am an Android developer and I use Android studio to build apps, I am also newbie in Linux and I have installed Xubuntu since 2 days, every time I try to open a project (after restaring my pc) the path of the project is not recognizable by Xubuntu and Android Studio gives me a dialog with this error message:
"The path /media/mohamed/LocalDisk/AndroidProjects/MyChatApp doesn't exist. if it is on a removable or network drive,please make sure that the drive is connected.
I have searched a lot on google and youtube to find a solution for this and I have understood that I gotta save the path of the project using the extra path command in the .bashrc file but nothing changed despite that I can see the path of the project when I run the echo $PATH command in the terminal


OK, this one's not a beer festival – but what's fall without apple cider? The cider industry is booming in North Carolina, a state known as one of the nation's premiere apple growers. Try a variety of ciders – including many local options – at Asheville's CiderFest NC, held at the WNC Farmers Market, 1-5 p.m. Saturday, Nov. 7. Details: www.ciderfestnc.com.
At the Greenville Craft Beer Festival on Saturday, Nov. 14, you can enjoy beers from a sizeable selection of South Carolina breweries, as well as regional and national options. The festival also has distinguishes itself not only through its beer selection, but througha variety of seminars on beer and brewing as well. Details: www.greenvillecraftbeerfestival.com.
For nine years, people have enjoyed one-off, cask-conditioned beers at the Black Friday Cask Festival, held inside Durham's Triangle Brewing Co. This year's is from 3 to 8 p.m. Saturday, Nov. 27. N.C. brewers will dispense their beers from casks, meaning the beers will be naturally carbonated and served a bit warmer than usual. Details: www.trianglebrewery.com/black-friday.
Also held in Bull City will be Funk Durham II, the second-year of this celebration of all beers funky, wild and sour. The event will take place at The Rickhouse on Saturday, Dec. 12, providing you one more festival prior to Christmas. Details: www.facebook.com/funkdurham.
Suds scholar and author Daniel Hartis writes the Beer Here column published Fridays in the Observer's CLT section.


Tomorrow, April 25th, Blizzard Entertainment celebrates the launch of Heroes of the Storm 2.0, and promise to reveal a new hero cinematic. This is not Genji, so keep your eyes open. Whatever hero this is, this was not revealed to us at the Fansite Summit (back in March 27th).
The livestream will kick off with FNATIC and Team Dignitas playing a Hanamura Exhibition Match. To learn more about 2.0 and its highlighted features, Game Director Alan Dabiri and Lead Hero Designer Kent-Erik Hagman will discuss details. Read more here.
Something lurks in Hanamura! Join us Tuesday, April 25 at 11am PDT for the full cinematic reveal!


Everywhere I look I come across, on the one, social narcissism, behaviourism, cognitive therapy, infomania and, on the other, anorexia, bulimia, people being burnt out and other bodies in disorder. That is, I come across both the symptoms and the effects of a society that has rid itself of its humanity.
Instead of investing in human potential we rely on quick solutions and material welfare to cover up for the lack of faith in human resources. The result is meagre, poor in spirit, rich in bodily disorders.


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Q: Should I use a voltage regulator? I'm powering an attiny45 from a single lithium ion battery; that when fully charged should have a maximum voltage of ~4volts and will be cutoff at 3volts. I was thinking I should be safe to just directly connect the attiny to the li-ion battery, am I right? Or am I missing something?

A: The safe voltage range for the ATtiny45 is between 2.7V and 5.5V, so you should be able to connect the battery directly to the MCU provided you don't need a different specific voltage for external components.
A switching power supply could allow you to get longer life out of the battery if you run it at about 3V or so the whole time, both because the MCU will use less current at the lower voltage and because the reduction of output voltage with a switching regulator translates to a reduction of input current (after taking the regulator efficiency into account).


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Consultation on the Future Chippenham road route options launches this week
The eight-week public consultation starts on Friday
Wiltshire Council will soon be unveiling the road route options for a potential distributor road in Chippenham and is inviting residents and businesses to comment on the proposals.
During an eight-week public consultation period, which starts on Friday 15 January 2021, people can view and comment on three distributor road options and two link road options to Pewsham Way.
The distributor road route options have been split into five geographical zones so people can comment on sections of the road options within that zone.
People will be able to give their views by completing the online consultation form at www.wiltshire.gov.uk/future-chippenham, emailing the downloadable consultation form to futurechippenham@wiltshire.gov.uk or posting the form to the Future Chippenham team, Wiltshire Council, County Hall, Bythesea Road, Trowbridge, Wiltshire BA14 8JN. Written comments can also be submitted by email or post to the above addresses.
People can contact Wiltshire Council's Customer Services on 0300 345 0100 if they need help completing the consultation form or require the consultation material as a paper copy or in a different format.
Hard copies of the consultation material and consultation form will also be available from the reception desk at the Monkton Park office, Monkton Hill, Chippenham SN15 1ER.
Philip Whitehead, Leader of Wiltshire Council, said: "It is really important that people have the opportunity to comment on these proposals. As we are unable to hold public exhibitions at the present time due to COVID-19 restrictions, we have provided the consultation information in a variety of ways such as a flythrough, video and leaflet to explain the proposals in greater detail. Additional supporting documentation will be available on the consultation webpage to help give further context to the proposals.
"We will also hold two live online public webinars where the project team will give a presentation on the proposals followed by a question and answer session. We would encourage people to register as soon as possible.
"The feedback will help select the final route within each of the five zones with the preferred route for the distributor road and link road to Pewsham Way being presented to the public in summer 2021."
Anyone interested in attending the free webinars can register via Eventbrite. The first webinar is being held on Thursday 28 January 2021 at 11am with a further webinar being arranged for February.
Once registered a link will be sent across to access the webinar which will be broadcast via Microsoft Teams.
Anyone wishing to ask questions about the proposals will be encouraged to submit these in advance by emailing futurechippenham@wiltshire.gov.uk stating 'Questions for Webinar' in the heading and which of the two webinars they will be attending.
The webinars will be recorded and will be available via the council's YouTube channel.
This public consultation is the next key stage in the Future Chippenham programme and follows on from the council entering into funding agreement with Homes England last month, securing £75 million of Housing Infrastructure Funding.
This grant ensures funding is available to contribute towards the cost of delivering the strategic infrastructure in and around Chippenham to support the potential longer-term growth of the area, should development come forward as part of the Local Plan process.
The consultation closes at 5pm on Friday 12 March 2021.


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HOME > True Tori
Tori Spelling and Dean McDermott's 'True Tori' reality series renewed by Lifetime
UPI News Service, 09/11/2014
"True Tori" has been renewed for a second season by Lifetime.
The reality series began filming Season 2 on Thursday, and new episodes will premiere October 21. The program follows actress Tori Spelling and husband Dean McDermott as they attempt to repair their marriage after his cheating scandal.
"Cameras will capture this raw, unfiltered journey as she addresses everything from her family relationships to her business ventures, all while juggling four kids and salvaging her marriage," the network said of Season 2 in a statement.
"While much of the chaos of last spring is seemingly behind her, there still exists a tremendous amount of work ahead for Tori as she struggles to find her true self."
Spelling and McDermott have been married since 2006, and have two sons and two daughters together.
McDermott admitted to cheating after he checked into rehab in January, and the first season of "True Tori" dealt with the immediate aftermath of the affair.
The episodes saw the couple visit therapy and work on their marriage, but some, including McDermott's son from his first marriage, believe the show is faked.
"As you all know, our family has been through a lot this last year," Spelling wrote on her website in August. "I'm happy and proud to say that we are doing really well, and that Dean and I are working very hard to make our relationship and our family better than ever."
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Spelling's ABC Family comedy "Mystery Girls," with "Beverly Hills, 90210" co-star Jennie Garth, has reportedly been canceled after one season.
Liv Tyler pregnant with new boyfriend Dave Gardner
Phil Robertson declares AIDS is God's punishment for gays
The copyright holder of this file allows anyone to use it for any purpose, provided that the copyright holder is properly attributed. Redistribution, derivative work, commercial use, and all other use is permitted.
Photo Attribution: Albert Domasin - Source: Wikimedia Commons
Copyright 2014 United Press International, Inc. (UPI). Any reproduction, republication, redistribution and/or modification of any UPI content is expressly prohibited without UPI's prior written consent.
Tori Spelling and Kendra Wilkinson bring their kids to 'Hotel Transylvania 3' premiere
Tori Spelling's 9-year-old daughter Stella starts slime business
Tori Spelling enjoys family dinner on first day of spring
Police called to Tori Spelling's home over "mental illness" concerns
Tori Spelling and Ian Ziering have '90210' reunion on Instagram


Nigerian President, Muhammadu Buhari, has joined world leaders in mourning the passing of former United States President, George Bush.
The statement by presidential spokesman, Femi Adesina, said President Buhari on Monday, 3 December 2018, described Bush as a leader who lived a life of service to his country and humanity.
He extended condolences to the government and people of America, as well as the family of the 41st US President and all political associates of the great leader, whose legacies continue to inspire and attract encomiums across the world.
Buhari expressed the belief that the passing of Bush is a loss not just to the US, but the entire world, especially the many people he inspired.
He extolled the former president's love for his family and country, saying it has remained legendary as clearly seen in the way his children have taken up leadership roles and were steadily breeding a new generation of great thinkers and leaders.
The Nigerian leader prayed for God's comfort on the mourning nation, the family of the nonagenarian and a peaceful rest for his soul.


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Imagine Dragons' New Songs Top Charts
Jun 6, 2017 | What's New | 0 comments
Imagine Dragons will be releasing their latest album, Evolve, later this month. The alternative rock band will also be embarking on a tour for the album starting in September of this year. So far, Imagine Dragons has released three singles from the album, all of which have been popular and successful with fans.
Evolve will be the band's third studio LP. They announced it earlier this year and announced their upcoming tour almost immediately after. Two songs from the upcoming album, set to be released on June 23, have already been dropped as singles. "Believer" and "Thunder" have held spots on the Billboard charts for a while, and the most recent "Whatever It Takes" was released in conjunction with the album being available for pre-order.
For the Evolve tour, Imagine Dragons will be joined by Grouplove and K. Flay for some of their 31 performances. The tour will begin in Arizona and end in Anaheim late this year. Fans can view all locations and dates on the band's website.
David Archuleta Begins "Orion" Tour Imagine Dragons, Neon Trees, The Moth and The Flame Come Together To Save Venue Owner David James Archuleta – Prepares for Return from Mormon Mission Yahosh Bonner Performs On Mormon Channel Studio American Heritage Lyceum Philharmonic Performs Moving Version of "Be Still My Soul"


The High Museum is one of the largest art museums in the southeast. It has more than 12,000 works of art in its permanent collection including an extensive collection of 19th and 20th American art.
They have a great children's program and have special programs on Thursdays just for the preschool set. Older children will love getting the Discovery Backpack, which will lead them on a 30-45 minute journey through the gallery.


The action of Scene 18 is the height of the drama in the play (the climax) and the turning point for Alison and Tom. You are going to storyboard this scene using six still images/photographs to show what is happening.
There are two timeframes in this scene; the playwright cross-cuts the pupils return to class with the scene in Miss Dixon's office.
We will read the scene together as a class. While we read, pay close attention to the characters TOM, ALISON, MR BONNINGTON and MRS DIXON as what happens with them in this scene is 'acted' out to show the rest of the class what happened in the 'Biscuit Tin Drama'.
Each team will create a storyboard to show their understanding.
You will work in two teams of nine to complete the task.
1) Download and save the storyboard template.
2) Share with all members of the group.
3) Decide on HOW to present the scene in only EIGHT IMAGES.
4) Decide on WHO will play each part in each photograph.
5) Work together to complete the storyboard images of Scene 18.
To show your understanding of the events (RAF2) you will work to complete the storyboard ON YOUR OWN.
1) MAKE A COPY of your team's completed storyboard. Add your name to your copy.
2) Using the script to help, add a description of each image in the space underneath, so you tell the complete story of how the biscuits were stolen.
3) Explore the thoughts and emotions of the characters in this scene by adding thought bubbles to the characters on the storyboard to show your understanding of what they might be thinking or feeling.
You will be assessed using the following rubric. Show two other learners and ask them to check your work before submitting for marking HERE.


NOTE: A headshot of Roughton is available at http://www.flumc.info/photo_gallery2.shtml.
One year ago — April 30, 2008 — the General Conference voted to approve a minority report affirming sexual relations only "within the covenant of monogamous, heterosexual marriage." Regarding homosexual practice, another effort to delete the words "incompatible with Christian teaching" did not prevail.
• "We recognize racism as sin … ." Wow! To some, that is a harsh little word. To some it may not feel welcoming.
The Social Principles of The United Methodist Church are included in The Book of Discipline, the church's book of laws.
Were any of these approved unanimously? If not, do we need to delete them? Are they rooted in harsh, judgmental or maybe mean-spirited attitudes? Or do they reflect genuine Christian concern, as stated in the preface to the Social Principles: "intended to be instructive and persuasive in the best of the prophetic spirit"?
We could say, as was proposed at the 2008 General Conference, "Faithful and thoughtful people who have grappled with these issues deeply disagree with one another … ." That could be honestly said about virtually all the Social Principles. However, doing so would largely nullify their significance. Why bother?
What is our church saying to persons who struggle with sexual issues? We are saying the same thing we say to all struggling souls, regardless of the differing issues. The Christian gospel is a warm and welcoming call to repentance, forgiveness and reconciliation. It has huge relevance for all persons who acknowledge their need. God's transforming grace is available to all people. It is a great welcome for everyone!
All persons are born with a wide variety of possibilities, inclinations, desires, feelings, talents or orientations. Our greatest God-given power is the power to choose the priorities that shape our future. It distinguishes humanity from all other forms of life.
Let's choose to humble ourselves before the Lord, whose transforming grace is available to all people. That is authentic inclusiveness! The welcome is for everyone!
**Rougton is a retired Florida Conference elder.


Those who are looking to buy cars during the tax holiday may end up paying SST, thanks to a combination of huge demand and shortage of stocks.
Overwhelming demand as well as short supply may cause some car buyers hoping to enjoy the tax holiday to end up paying SST. Some car companies are unable to fulfill the demand on time, which will lead to some customers receiving their cars after the implementation of SST.
The spike in demand for cars after the government zero-rated the Goods and Service Tax ( GST) on 1 June has caused local car vendors struggling to deliver the cars on time. According to Malaysia Automotive Association president Datuk Aishah Ahmad, local car vendors could not meet the huge demand due to the four-month lead time for vehicle production, rendering them unable to get more stocks in response to the announcement of the zero rated GST in May.
As a result, some customers will be charged with the SST as their vehicles can only be delivered after 1 September. Datuk Aishah Ahmad stated that customers will have to pay a higher amount if their new vehicles are delivered and registered after 1 September.
"If you order your car now, you won't get it next month. Beyond September, it will come with SST pricing," MAA manufacturing vice president Roslan Abdullah.
However, a local car distributor is willing to absorb the SST for their customers who receive their cars after the implementation of SST on 1 September. A spokesperson for Bermaz Auto Bhd, the distributor of Mazda cars, said the company will absorb the SST for their customers who make their bookings prior to the implementation of the SST.
"It will not be fair to our customers if we were to pass on the tax to them as they had made their bookings before the SST is introduced," the spokesperson said.


Doing The Kindness Walk is exciting, but the dream started with a simple apple. My Father, OC Smith, was known for the Grammy Song "Little Green Apples"; it was written by Bobby Russell. I wanted to honor my father so I started a non-profit to encourage intentional acts of kindness. One day, my agent was tossing an apple up and down, and catching it. He said, I wish we could come up with a way, we could build something around your dad's song. It was a few days later, we began this journey…never knowing that Little Green Apple would turn into a 1,000 mile journey to make this world a better place. So dream, you will find your own apple tree in the process!


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import asyncio
import traceback
import sys

def param_check(obj, ttype, param):
    stack_str = ''.join(traceback.format_stack())
    if not isinstance(obj, ttype):
        if obj == id:
            raise ValueError("obj is id. typo?")
        raise ValueError('Param %s is not a %s. It is a %s. Value: %s'
                         % (param, ttype.__name__, type(param).__name__, str(obj)) +
                         ' Stack: ' + stack_str)

def execute_gen(gen):
    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
    result = loop.run_until_complete(gen)
    loop.close()
    return result

def execute_sql(conn, sql):
    with conn.cursor() as cursor:
        cursor.execute(sql)
    conn.commit()
    return sql

async def async_array(coros):
    return await asyncio.gather(*coros)

async def async_tuple(*coros):
    return tuple(await asyncio.gather(*coros))

def print_error(val):
    sys.stderr.write(str(val) + '\n')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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New Medical School Wants To Build Ranks Of Primary Care Doctors : Shots - Health News Quinnipiac University in Hamden, Conn., is spending $100 million to open a medical school in the fall. Its goal is to have more than 50 percent of its graduates go into primary care.
Health News From NPR
Treatments & Tests
Health Inc.
Policy-ish
New Medical School Wants To Build Ranks Of Primary Care Doctors
New Medical School Wants To Build Ranks Of Primary Care Doctors 4:35
April 2, 20133:23 AM ET
Heard on Morning Edition
The Frank H. Netter School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University in Hamden, Conn., will open this fall. The school has a specific mission: minting doctors who want to go into primary care practice. Quinnipiac University hide caption
Michael Ellison has a tough assignment. He's the associate dean of admissions choosing the first class of a brand new medical school, the Frank H. Netter School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University in Hamden, Conn.
"We have over 1,600 applicants, and we will interview 400 for 60 spots," Ellison says.
The school has a very specific mission: minting doctors who want to go into primary care practice.
Under the Affordable Care Act, millions more people with insurance may be headed to the doctor's office. That means the medical system will need more doctors, nurses, physician assistants and other health care workers to meet the demand. Quinnipiac is one of about a dozen new medical schools cropping up, and it's spending $100 million just to get up and running.
The school's dean, Bruce Koeppen, says he knows why new physicians don't usually choose primary care. They don't make as much money as specialists, they have to know about everything from the common cold to severe depression, and primary care physicians don't always get the respect that specialists do.
To tackle these challenges, Koeppen says, it's important to admit the right students to the program.
"Turns out that women are more likely to go into primary care than men. Individuals who are coming to medicine as a second career are more likely to go into primary care," Koeppen says.
David fits into that second category. He is a 35-year-old pharmacist who has applied for the fall semester. (He asked that his last name not be used because his employer doesn't know he's thinking of a change.)
In his interview with Ellison, David described wanting to have a greater impact on patients' lives, such as calming a child who is anxious during an exam or restoring a patient's heart rhythm in an emergency. "These moments weren't available to me within the context of pharmacy practice," David says.
In addition to career changers like David, Koeppen says, students who are first in their families to go to college and students who've come from medically underserved areas are more likely to pursue primary care.
Henry Sondheimer of the Association of American Medical Colleges says it's good for schools to be clear with applicants right away.
"To the extent that you clarify your mission to your students who apply and, most importantly, when they interview, so they get to see what you're doing and what you're looking for, then you will find the students who will fit your mission," Sondheimer says. "This is not for show. I think this is a very important, and very serious, effort by these schools."
The question is, can it work?
Kevin Dorsey says it can, and it does. He's the dean of the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine in Springfield. His school started in the 1970s with a specific mission that still guides it: The school wants students who will stay in central and southern Illinois when they graduate because that part of the state needs doctors.
"I think we take, through a holistic admissions process, people that we think would be a good fit for this region," Dorsey says. "They are of and from the region, they know the values of the area, we train them here, and they gravitate back."
Training matters, too, he stresses. His school designed a curriculum that gives prospective doctors hands-on, local experience.
That's a strategy that Quinnipiac also aims to try, in part by sending its students out regularly to spend a day with primary care doctors. Nationally, about a third of graduating doctors go into primary care and stay there; Quinnipiac's goal is 50 percent.
This piece is part of a collaboration between NPR, WNPR, and Kaiser Health News.


Unwritten is a growing publication with over 80 writers worldwide, producing articles with over 200,000 shares. It is a current contributor for Elite Daily, Medium and The Huffington Post and strives to promote creative, fun expression among Generation Y.
As an intern reporter at KCBX Central Coast Public Radio, I found news worthy content and produced stories for KCBX News and NPR once every week.
The Thought Catalog website is dedicated to the people's "stories and ideas", allowing contributors to make their writing fun, smart, and creative, i.e., entertaining, journalistic, and literary.
During my third, going into my fourth year at Cal Poly, I wrote and produced content for Her Campus, an online girl's magazine.
Her Campus, "A Collegiette's Guide to Life", is the #1 global community for college women. Content on HerCampus.com is written entirely by the world's top college journalists and contributors. This features national Style, Beauty, Health, Love, Life, Career, LGBTQ+, High School, and Real World content supplemented by local content from 250+ campus chapters nationwide and in seven countries.


Discover more … start it right!
Did you know that the best time to structure your new business is BEFORE you launch?
For over 3 generations the Stokes family and their team at Beenleigh have been providing fresh perspectives and mentoring new business start-ups in southeast Queensland. Some of these businesses are now major players in their industry, providing benefits to the business owners and generations that followed.
level 2 at the Westfield Helensvale Shopping Centre to mentor new business startups and give year-round tax advice.
When we sit down to talk about your business start-up, we want to listen to you … see the future through your eyes. Then with your goals in mind we can advise on the best business and financial structure for you. Structure correctly now! And save yourself both the trouble and the tax.
To assist you with your new business start-up, we are offering a FREE one hour consultation valued at $195.