text:
package org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.operators;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.BasicTypeInfo;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeutils.base.IntSerializer;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.MailboxExecutor;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.StreamMap;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.streamrecord.StreamRecord;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OneInputStreamTask;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.StreamTaskMailboxTestHarness;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.StreamTaskMailboxTestHarnessBuilder;
import org.apache.flink.util.TestLogger;
import org.apache.flink.util.function.RunnableWithException;

import org.junit.Test;

import javax.annotation.Nonnull;

import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;

/**
 * Test to verify that timer triggers are run according to operator precedence (combined with
 * yield() at operator level).
 */
public class MailboxOperatorTest extends TestLogger {

    @Test
    public void testAvoidTaskStarvation() throws Exception {
        final int numRecords = 3;

        StreamTaskMailboxTestHarnessBuilder<Integer> builder =
                new StreamTaskMailboxTestHarnessBuilder<>(
                                OneInputStreamTask::new, BasicTypeInfo.INT_TYPE_INFO)
                        .addInput(BasicTypeInfo.INT_TYPE_INFO)
                        .setupOperatorChain(new StreamMap<>(i1 -> i1))
                        .chain(new StreamMap<>(i -> i), IntSerializer.INSTANCE)
                        .finish();

        try (StreamTaskMailboxTestHarness<Integer> testHarness = builder.build()) {
            final ReplicatingMail mail1 = createReplicatingMail(numRecords, testHarness, 0);
            final ReplicatingMail mail2 = createReplicatingMail(numRecords, testHarness, 1);
            for (int i = 0; i < numRecords; i++) {
                testHarness.processElement(new StreamRecord<>(i));
            }

            while (testHarness.getOutput().size() < numRecords) {
                testHarness.processSingleStep();
            }

            final int[] output =
                    testHarness.getOutput().stream()
                            .mapToInt(r -> ((StreamRecord<Integer>) r).getValue())
                            .toArray();
            assertArrayEquals(output, IntStream.range(0, numRecords).toArray());
            assertThat(mail1.getMailCount(), equalTo(numRecords + 1));
            assertThat(mail2.getMailCount(), equalTo(numRecords + 1));
        }
    }

    @Nonnull
    private ReplicatingMail createReplicatingMail(
            int numRecords, StreamTaskMailboxTestHarness<Integer> testHarness, int priority) {
        final MailboxExecutor mailboxExecutor = testHarness.getExecutor(priority);
        final ReplicatingMail mail1 = new ReplicatingMail(mailboxExecutor, numRecords + 1);
        mailboxExecutor.submit(mail1, "Initial mail");
        return mail1;
    }

    private static class ReplicatingMail implements RunnableWithException {
        private int mailCount = -1;
        private final MailboxExecutor mailboxExecutor;
        private final int maxMails;

        ReplicatingMail(final MailboxExecutor mailboxExecutor, int maxMails) {
            this.mailboxExecutor = mailboxExecutor;
            this.maxMails = maxMails;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                if (mailCount < maxMails) {
                    mailboxExecutor.execute(this, "Blocking mail" + ++mailCount);
                }
            } catch (RejectedExecutionException e) {
                // during shutdown the executor will reject new mails, which is fine for us.
            }
        }

        int getMailCount() {
            return mailCount;
        }
    }
}


The Tomb Temple Run are the most fun, they are divided into many categories, Do you want to play the best Tomb Temple Run games? Mario Tomb Temple Run are the most played games in the world As you go, the space decreases, that is, the difficulty increases. Its astounding how fun one button games Tomb Temple Run can actually be What a better way to play online game like this Be plan and executive and try to win these levels In which you can play at random match with your full focus on minds.


text:
How Stacey Dash Went from Clueless to Conservative
June 8th, 2016 | Posted in News
The Hollywood actress reveals her never-before-told story of an abusive childhood, violent adulthood relationships that nearly killed her, and how it all made her a conservative
WASHINGTON, D.C. — Stacey Dash is more than a very pretty face. She's someone who learned the hard way that the facts of life teach you lessons in conservatism. For the first time ever, Stacey is speaking out about her tragic past. In her brand new book, There Goes My Social Life: From Clueless to Conservative (Regnery; $27.99; June 6, 2016), the Clueless star and Fox News contributor tells the shocking story of growing up with drug addict parents, horrific sexual abuse, near-fatal domestic violence, and how it ultimately made her a conservative—and gave her the inner strength to stand up for her convictions.
In an election cycle dominated by intense racial rhetoric, Stacey knows from first-hand experience that minorities have been sold a bill of goods by the Left—and that conservative policies are ultimately what will lift people out of poverty.
"I have seen—over and over and over—the way liberal policies and conservative principles play out in the real, unforgiving world," writes Dash. "I want to take a moment and challenge the deeply held beliefs of my brothers and sisters. There is a better way. Black people have the chance, the abilities, and the responsibility to take advantage of the amazing opportunities afforded by this nation."
And her story is proof.
This Hollywood star has been pilloried by many in Hollywood, but praised by a loyal legion of fans who respond to her honesty, her courage, and her convictions.
In this, her first book, Stacey Dash reveals:
How she was "blacked" into voting for Barack Obama in 2008
How Stacey's pro-choice views changed—while she was in an abortion clinic with the IV already in her arm
How Stacey exercised her Second Amendment rights to protect herself from a violent ex-boyfriend
Why most black people are really capitalist Republicans—even if they don't know it
How Whoopi Goldberg stood up to Barbara Walters to defend Stacey
What George Clooney and a table full of other Hollywood stars and hip-hop celebrities had to say about Stacey's politics at New York's notorious Bungalow 8 club
How painful experiences with abusive men helped teach Stacey that "family values" are important, no matter what the Democrats say
To schedule an interview with Stacey Dash, contact Alyssa Cordova at (202) 677-4441 or Alyssa.Cordova@Regnery.com.
race, stacey dash, there goes my social life

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: sbt-assembly installation I'm trying to use sbt-assembly and am having trouble getting it installed.
Verbatim from the readme I added the project/plugins.sbt with the dependency:

addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-assembly" % "0.8.7")

Then I added a build.sbt file containing exactly what the readme said:

import AssemblyKeys._ // put this at the top of the file
assemblySettings

I get this error when launching sbt:
[error] /Users/me/git/stest/project/Build.scala:29: not found: value assemblySettings
[error]         .settings(assemblySettings: _*)
[error]                   ^
[error] one error found
[error] (compile:compile) Compilation failed
I went back and tried an alternate I saw in another stackoverflow post:

seq(assemblySettings:_*)

Same problem.  Any ideas?  (Scala 2.10.0)

A: The author of the plugin here. You said you put exactly what build.sbt says, but the error is coming from build.scala. *.sbt file automatically imports several things, so you have to manually import them for build.scala.
For full configuration, see https://github.com/eed3si9n/sbt-assembly-full-config-sample/blob/master/project/builds.scala.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace ZeroMp3Converter
{
    public class MusicFile
    {
        [LocalizedDisplayName("name")]
        public String Name { get; set; }

        [LocalizedDisplayName("directory")]
        public String Directory { get; set; }

        [LocalizedDisplayName("fileSize")]
        public String FileSize { get; set; }

        public MusicFile(String filePath)
        {
            Name = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
            Directory = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);

            StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
            StrFormatByteSize(new System.IO.FileInfo(filePath).Length, buffer, 1024);

            FileSize = buffer.ToString();
        }

        public String FullPath()
        {
            return Directory + "\\" + Name;
        }

        public String NameWithoutExtension()
        {
            return Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(Name);
        }

        [DllImport("Shlwapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern long StrFormatByteSize(long fileSize, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] StringBuilder buffer, int bufferSize);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It intelligently switches from its electric motor to its 2.4-liter 4-cylinder MPI engine in response to your driving. It offers a combined199 horsepower-while still delivering excellent fuel efficiency. Add in the 235 lb.-ft. of torque and the Optima Hybrid is an all-around, smart, efficient, and invigorating drive.
The Optima Hybrid utilizes two systems: an electric traction motor that works in concert with a lithium polymer battery and a 4-cylinder gas engine. The Optima Hybrid will be powered by one or both, depending what type of driving you're doing.
Like the idea of longer periods between fill-ups? The LX model achieves an EPA-estimated 36 mpg in the city, 40 mpg on the highway, and 38 mpg combined. Overall, refinements to the Optima Hybrid's powertrain have made it more efficient while retaining its sporty feel.
Keep track of the Optima's fuel efficiency with a vivid display that shows the battery being charged, your MPG, the eco-friendliness of your last drive, and additional performance information.
The Optima Hybrid uses electric power at start-up and during lower-speed driving.
At full acceleration, both the gasoline engine and the electric motor are used.
For freeway driving, the Optima Hybrid relies exclusively on the responsive 4-cylinder 2.4-liter gas engine.
During deceleration, regenerative braking converts kinetic energy to electrical energy to automatically charge the electric motor's battery.
The Optima Hybrid is no mere duplicate of our regular Optima. It arrives with assured style of its own that complements its future-forward hybrid nature. The design enhancements go beyond visual appeal-they also boost the vehicle's aerodynamics.
With new front and rear bumpers, and an exclusive alloy-wheel design, the Optima Hybrid is full of unique touches that add character and refinement to the vehicle.
Available High Intensity Discharge (HID) Headlights provide crisp white light that helps illuminate the road ahead.
Heavy fog can make driving more challenging. Optima Hybrid's Fog Lights can assist with visibility during difficult conditions.
The LED Rear Combination Lamps add a measure of standout style to the rear. Their bright appearance also helps make the Optima Hybrid more visible.
In the Optima Hybrid, efficiency isn't simply about a hybrid powertrain. In order to help you make better use of fuel, the exterior itself is designed to lend a helping hand. The side airflow vent reduces drag, allowing air to pass freely through it.
The amenities aren't limited to improved materials and a more driver-friendly dashboard layout. Inside you'll find a host of welcome amenities designed to make the Optima Hybrid a pleasure to own.
Stay comfortable in any conditions. In warm weather, available ventilated seats can circulate air through perforations in the driver and front-passenger seats. Or if it's cold, available heated seats in front and in the rear offer passengers extra warmth.
An available Electronic Parking Brake (EPB) makes setting the Optima Hybrid's brake convenient. Simply pull to set.
There's an additional level of convenience enabled by your smart key: You can start up the Optima Hybrid with just the push of a button.


In the nearly three years we've been working with Ernesto Delgado, we have realized he is the definition of an innovator and entrepreneur, a man with great vision who loves to create.
La Cosecha Sacramento brings to mind the beautiful, lively Plazas of México. With hand-painted murals, and an amazing outdoor bar and patio with fire pits and plenty of space for the perfect event, La Cosecha is a place of friendship, activity, great food and drink. Featuring a menu of fresh, locally sourced ingredients, La Cosecha is an oasis in the heart of Downtown Sacramento.
Social Media campaign – designed to create desire for food and drink with written content and photos.
Creation of a Harvest Social Club with monthly dinners to celebrate the regional food, spirits, art and music of México.
We look forward to a long and happy relationship with Señor Delgado and love that we can help contribute to his ongoing success!


When an entire generation uses their phones for nothing but social networking and sending text messages, smart contact center companies see an opportunity. Interactive Intelligence is one such company and recently added SMS as a channel as part of its multichannel contact center solutions.
Remember, kids today do not even check email. We could argue the reason for this... I personally think they don't mind paying for messaging when email is free -- because frankly, their parents are paying.
So if they use SMS only, then a bank needs a solution which allows checking account balances to be sent via SMS to customers. Obviously, other areas make sense for this technological addition. For example, flight alerts are a natural. Also what about sending an SMS when the call center has no wait?
Really, the potential for this addition is limitless and if you have customers under 18 and aren't exploring using SMS in your call center, you are missing the boat.


text:
require "cases/helper"
require "models/computer"
require "models/developer"
require "models/project"
require "models/company"
require "models/categorization"
require "models/category"
require "models/post"
require "models/author"
require "models/comment"
require "models/tag"
require "models/tagging"
require "models/person"
require "models/reader"
require "models/ship_part"
require "models/ship"
require "models/liquid"
require "models/molecule"
require "models/electron"
require "models/man"
require "models/interest"

class AssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
  fixtures :accounts, :companies, :developers, :projects, :developers_projects,
           :computers, :people, :readers, :authors, :author_addresses, :author_favorites

  def test_eager_loading_should_not_change_count_of_children
    liquid = Liquid.create(name: "salty")
    molecule = liquid.molecules.create(name: "molecule_1")
    molecule.electrons.create(name: "electron_1")
    molecule.electrons.create(name: "electron_2")

    liquids = Liquid.includes(molecules: :electrons).references(:molecules).where("molecules.id is not null")
    assert_equal 1, liquids[0].molecules.length
  end

  def test_subselect
    author = authors :david
    favs = author.author_favorites
    fav2 = author.author_favorites.where(author: Author.where(id: author.id)).to_a
    assert_equal favs, fav2
  end

  def test_loading_the_association_target_should_keep_child_records_marked_for_destruction
    ship = Ship.create!(name: "The good ship Dollypop")
    part = ship.parts.create!(name: "Mast")
    part.mark_for_destruction
    assert_predicate ship.parts[0], :marked_for_destruction?
  end

  def test_loading_the_association_target_should_load_most_recent_attributes_for_child_records_marked_for_destruction
    ship = Ship.create!(name: "The good ship Dollypop")
    part = ship.parts.create!(name: "Mast")
    part.mark_for_destruction
    ShipPart.find(part.id).update_columns(name: "Deck")
    assert_equal "Deck", ship.parts[0].name
  end

  def test_include_with_order_works
    assert_nothing_raised { Account.all.merge!(order: "id", includes: :firm).first }
    assert_nothing_raised { Account.all.merge!(order: :id, includes: :firm).first }
  end

  def test_bad_collection_keys
    assert_raise(ArgumentError, "ActiveRecord should have barked on bad collection keys") do
      Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base).has_many(:wheels, name: "wheels")
    end
  end

  def test_should_construct_new_finder_sql_after_create
    person = Person.new first_name: "clark"
    assert_equal [], person.readers.to_a
    person.save!
    reader = Reader.create! person: person, post: Post.new(title: "foo", body: "bar")
    assert person.readers.find(reader.id)
  end

  def test_force_reload
    firm = Firm.new("name" => "A New Firm, Inc")
    firm.save
    firm.clients.each {} # forcing to load all clients
    assert firm.clients.empty?, "New firm shouldn't have client objects"
    assert_equal 0, firm.clients.size, "New firm should have 0 clients"

    client = Client.new("name" => "TheClient.com", "firm_id" => firm.id)
    client.save

    assert firm.clients.empty?, "New firm should have cached no client objects"
    assert_equal 0, firm.clients.size, "New firm should have cached 0 clients count"

    firm.clients.reload

    assert !firm.clients.empty?, "New firm should have reloaded client objects"
    assert_equal 1, firm.clients.size, "New firm should have reloaded clients count"
  end

  def test_using_limitable_reflections_helper
    using_limitable_reflections = lambda { |reflections| Tagging.all.send :using_limitable_reflections?, reflections }
    belongs_to_reflections = [Tagging.reflect_on_association(:tag), Tagging.reflect_on_association(:super_tag)]
    has_many_reflections = [Tag.reflect_on_association(:taggings), Developer.reflect_on_association(:projects)]
    mixed_reflections = (belongs_to_reflections + has_many_reflections).uniq
    assert using_limitable_reflections.call(belongs_to_reflections), "Belong to associations are limitable"
    assert !using_limitable_reflections.call(has_many_reflections), "All has many style associations are not limitable"
    assert !using_limitable_reflections.call(mixed_reflections), "No collection associations (has many style) should pass"
  end

  def test_association_with_references
    firm = companies(:first_firm)
    assert_includes firm.association_with_references.references_values, "foo"
  end
end

class AssociationProxyTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
  fixtures :authors, :author_addresses, :posts, :categorizations, :categories, :developers, :projects, :developers_projects

  def test_push_does_not_load_target
    david = authors(:david)

    david.posts << (post = Post.new(title: "New on Edge", body: "More cool stuff!"))
    assert_not_predicate david.posts, :loaded?
    assert_includes david.posts, post
  end

  def test_push_has_many_through_does_not_load_target
    david = authors(:david)

    david.categories << categories(:technology)
    assert_not_predicate david.categories, :loaded?
    assert_includes david.categories, categories(:technology)
  end

  def test_push_followed_by_save_does_not_load_target
    david = authors(:david)

    david.posts << (post = Post.new(title: "New on Edge", body: "More cool stuff!"))
    assert_not_predicate david.posts, :loaded?
    david.save
    assert_not_predicate david.posts, :loaded?
    assert_includes david.posts, post
  end

  def test_push_does_not_lose_additions_to_new_record
    josh = Author.new(name: "Josh")
    josh.posts << Post.new(title: "New on Edge", body: "More cool stuff!")
    assert_predicate josh.posts, :loaded?
    assert_equal 1, josh.posts.size
  end

  def test_append_behaves_like_push
    josh = Author.new(name: "Josh")
    josh.posts.append Post.new(title: "New on Edge", body: "More cool stuff!")
    assert_predicate josh.posts, :loaded?
    assert_equal 1, josh.posts.size
  end

  def test_prepend_is_not_defined
    josh = Author.new(name: "Josh")
    assert_raises(NoMethodError) { josh.posts.prepend Post.new }
  end

  def test_save_on_parent_does_not_load_target
    david = developers(:david)

    assert_not_predicate david.projects, :loaded?
    david.update_columns(created_at: Time.now)
    assert_not_predicate david.projects, :loaded?
  end

  def test_load_does_load_target
    david = developers(:david)

    assert_not_predicate david.projects, :loaded?
    david.projects.load
    assert_predicate david.projects, :loaded?
  end

  def test_inspect_does_not_reload_a_not_yet_loaded_target
    andreas = Developer.new name: "Andreas", log: "new developer added"
    assert_not_predicate andreas.audit_logs, :loaded?
    assert_match(/message: "new developer added"/, andreas.audit_logs.inspect)
  end

  def test_save_on_parent_saves_children
    developer = Developer.create name: "Bryan", salary: 50_000
    assert_equal 1, developer.reload.audit_logs.size
  end

  def test_create_via_association_with_block
    post = authors(:david).posts.create(title: "New on Edge") { |p| p.body = "More cool stuff!" }
    assert_equal post.title, "New on Edge"
    assert_equal post.body, "More cool stuff!"
  end

  def test_create_with_bang_via_association_with_block
    post = authors(:david).posts.create!(title: "New on Edge") { |p| p.body = "More cool stuff!" }
    assert_equal post.title, "New on Edge"
    assert_equal post.body, "More cool stuff!"
  end

  def test_reload_returns_association
    david = developers(:david)
    assert_nothing_raised do
      assert_equal david.projects, david.projects.reload.reload
    end
  end

  def test_proxy_association_accessor
    david = developers(:david)
    assert_equal david.association(:projects), david.projects.proxy_association
  end

  def test_scoped_allows_conditions
    assert developers(:david).projects.merge(where: "foo").to_sql.include?("foo")
  end

  test "getting a scope from an association" do
    david = developers(:david)

    assert david.projects.scope.is_a?(ActiveRecord::Relation)
    assert_equal david.projects, david.projects.scope
  end

  test "proxy object is cached" do
    david = developers(:david)
    assert_same david.projects, david.projects
  end

  test "proxy object can be stubbed" do
    david = developers(:david)
    david.projects.define_singleton_method(:extra_method) { 42 }

    assert_equal 42, david.projects.extra_method
  end

  test "inverses get set of subsets of the association" do
    man = Man.create
    man.interests.create

    man = Man.find(man.id)

    assert_queries(1) do
      assert_equal man, man.interests.where("1=1").first.man
    end
  end

  test "first! works on loaded associations" do
    david = authors(:david)
    assert_equal david.first_posts.first, david.first_posts.reload.first!
    assert_predicate david.first_posts, :loaded?
    assert_no_queries { david.first_posts.first! }
  end

  def test_pluck_uses_loaded_target
    david = authors(:david)
    assert_equal david.first_posts.pluck(:title), david.first_posts.load.pluck(:title)
    assert_predicate david.first_posts, :loaded?
    assert_no_queries { david.first_posts.pluck(:title) }
  end

  def test_reset_unloads_target
    david = authors(:david)
    david.posts.reload

    assert_predicate david.posts, :loaded?
    david.posts.reset
    assert_not_predicate david.posts, :loaded?
  end
end

class OverridingAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
  class DifferentPerson < ActiveRecord::Base; end

  class PeopleList < ActiveRecord::Base
    has_and_belongs_to_many :has_and_belongs_to_many, before_add: :enlist
    has_many :has_many, before_add: :enlist
    belongs_to :belongs_to
    has_one :has_one
  end

  class DifferentPeopleList < PeopleList
    # Different association with the same name, callbacks should be omitted here.
    has_and_belongs_to_many :has_and_belongs_to_many, class_name: "DifferentPerson"
    has_many :has_many, class_name: "DifferentPerson"
    belongs_to :belongs_to, class_name: "DifferentPerson"
    has_one :has_one, class_name: "DifferentPerson"
  end

  def test_habtm_association_redefinition_callbacks_should_differ_and_not_inherited
    # redeclared association on AR descendant should not inherit callbacks from superclass
    callbacks = PeopleList.before_add_for_has_and_belongs_to_many
    assert_equal(1, callbacks.length)
    callbacks = DifferentPeopleList.before_add_for_has_and_belongs_to_many
    assert_equal([], callbacks)
  end

  def test_has_many_association_redefinition_callbacks_should_differ_and_not_inherited
    # redeclared association on AR descendant should not inherit callbacks from superclass
    callbacks = PeopleList.before_add_for_has_many
    assert_equal(1, callbacks.length)
    callbacks = DifferentPeopleList.before_add_for_has_many
    assert_equal([], callbacks)
  end

  def test_habtm_association_redefinition_reflections_should_differ_and_not_inherited
    assert_not_equal(
      PeopleList.reflect_on_association(:has_and_belongs_to_many),
      DifferentPeopleList.reflect_on_association(:has_and_belongs_to_many)
    )
  end

  def test_has_many_association_redefinition_reflections_should_differ_and_not_inherited
    assert_not_equal(
      PeopleList.reflect_on_association(:has_many),
      DifferentPeopleList.reflect_on_association(:has_many)
    )
  end

  def test_belongs_to_association_redefinition_reflections_should_differ_and_not_inherited
    assert_not_equal(
      PeopleList.reflect_on_association(:belongs_to),
      DifferentPeopleList.reflect_on_association(:belongs_to)
    )
  end

  def test_has_one_association_redefinition_reflections_should_differ_and_not_inherited
    assert_not_equal(
      PeopleList.reflect_on_association(:has_one),
      DifferentPeopleList.reflect_on_association(:has_one)
    )
  end

  def test_requires_symbol_argument
    assert_raises ArgumentError do
      Class.new(Post) do
        belongs_to "author"
      end
    end
  end
end

class GeneratedMethodsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
  fixtures :developers, :computers, :posts, :comments
  def test_association_methods_override_attribute_methods_of_same_name
    assert_equal(developers(:david), computers(:workstation).developer)
    # this next line will fail if the attribute methods module is generated lazily
    # after the association methods module is generated
    assert_equal(developers(:david), computers(:workstation).developer)
    assert_equal(developers(:david).id, computers(:workstation)[:developer])
  end

  def test_model_method_overrides_association_method
    assert_equal(comments(:greetings).body, posts(:welcome).first_comment)
  end

  module MyModule
    def comments; :none end
  end

  class MyArticle < ActiveRecord::Base
    self.table_name = "articles"
    include MyModule
    has_many :comments, inverse_of: false
  end

  def test_included_module_overwrites_association_methods
    assert_equal :none, MyArticle.new.comments
  end
end


Summit Flooring, based in Queenstown, are a small business with big ambitions, taking on some of New Zealand's largest flooring suppliers with their line of quality imported flooring products. Their website serves as their storefront as they primarily sell wholesale to builders, architects and installers for residential and commercial projects. The site features an earthy colour scheme with clearly laid out product galleries, featured projects and plenty of calls to action to drive enquiries.


text:
qooxdoo  is an open-source Ajax web application framework. It is an LGPL- and/or EPL-licensed client-side and server-agnostic solution, and includes support for professional JavaScript development, a graphical user interface (GUI) toolkit and high-level client-server communication.

Framework

qooxdoo is entirely class-based, tries to leverage the features of object-oriented JavaScript and is based on namespaces. Most modern browsers are supported, including Gecko (Firefox, Mozilla, SeaMonkey), Presto (Opera), Trident (Internet Explorer, RealPlayer, Winamp), WebKit (Chrome, Safari). It includes an API reference that is auto-generated from Javadoc-like comments. Among the accompanying toolset is a comprehensive JavaScript parser that is an integral part of the automatic build process and is used to optimize, compress, link and deploy custom applications, and generate documentation. Internationalization and localization of applications are supported. qooxdoo can be downloaded as a comprehensive SDK.

GUI toolkit

Despite being a pure JavaScript framework, qooxdoo is quite on par with GUI toolkits like Qt, Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) and others with respect to implementing user interfaces. It offers a set of widgets that resemble elements of native desktop applications. Built-in support for keyboard navigation, focus and tab handling and drag and drop is provided. Dimensions can be specified as static, auto-sizing, stretching, percentage, weighted flex or min/max or even as combinations. All widgets are based on flexible layout managers, which are instrumental to many advanced layout abilities. Interface description is done programmatically in JavaScript for enhanced performance.

Defining the user interface needs no HTML, and styling the interface needs no Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). Simple appearance themes are used to style colors, icons and other visual properties; they also support runtime switching..

Object-oriented programming

qooxdoo uses a closed form to define new classes. The global class constructor takes two arguments, the name of the new class and a map that provides values for a set of predefined keys, like 'construct' (the constructor method hook), 'statics' (for static class attributes and methods), 'members' (for instance attributes and methods) and 'destruct' (for the destructor). This (possibly large) map represents the class definition. Classes can be derived from other classes using the 'extend' keyword.

The following application skeleton gives an impression of how that works. The code will create a small application with a button that features a tooltip and opens an alert box when pressed. You can also run and edit this code in an online Playground:

qx.Class.define("custom.Application",
{
  extend : qx.application.Standalone,

  members :
  {
    main : function()
    {
      this.base(arguments);

      // Create button
      var button1 = new qx.ui.form.Button("First Button",
                                          "icon/22/apps/internet-web-browser.png");

      // Document is the application root
      var doc = this.getRoot();

      // Add button to document at fixed coordinates
      doc.add(button1, {left: 100, top: 50});

      // Attach a tooltip
      button1.setToolTip(new qx.ui.tooltip.ToolTip("A nice tooltip",
                                                   "icon/32/status/dialog-information.png"));

      // Add an event listener
      button1.addListener("execute", function(e) {
        alert("Hello World!");
      });
    }
  }
});

Interfaces and mixins are defined and used in a similar fashion.

Ajax

While being a client-side and server-agnostic solution, the qooxdoo project does include optional RPC server implementations (currently in Java, PHP, Perl and Python) to demonstrate client-server communication. An abstract transport layer supports queues, timeouts and implementations via XMLHttpRequest, Iframes and Scripts. Like the rest of qooxdoo, this layer relies on event-based programming to simplify asynchronous communication.

See also

 Ajax (programming)
 Comparison of JavaScript frameworks
 JavaScript framework
 JavaScript library

References

Sources
Demos
API reference
Sourceforge project page
Video brief on Ajaxian.com

Review on HTMLGoodies

External links

JavaScript libraries
Ajax (programming)
Rich web application frameworks

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Sort By: Relevance Title Ascending Title Descending Date Ascending Date Descending 1-10 of 24 (3 pages)
Being Hungarian is not Enough
Kevin Macdonald is the Oscar-winning director of One Day in September, Into the Void, The Last King of Scotland, State of Play and Eagle of the Ninth. He has written a biography of his grandfather, Emeric Pressburger, and is the co-editor with Mark Cousins of Imagining Reality: The Faber Book of Documentary. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.
Emeric Pressburger : The Life and Death of a Screenwriter
Faber and Faber Limited, 1994
...But in England, at least in the England of my youth, the national dread of showing off and a too grim preoccupation with solid teamwork were not conducive to the development of the goalkeeper's art.Continental Europeans of Emmerich...
Friends and Mentors
...Schünzel: 'Pack your bags, Pressburger, we're going to Monte Carlo.'Pressburger: 'But Herr Schünzel, the film isn't set in Monte Carlo.'Schünzel: 'It will be by the time we're finished with it.'Within the space of a year, Emmerich found...
Other Archers
...Reprieved from total ruin, men may begin to breathe again and indulge in visions...In 1945, after more than a year's delay, The Archers were in a position to make A Matter of Life and Death (or AMOLAD, as it became known). The timing...
...Demonic frenzy, moping melancholy, And moonstruck madness.In the early Fifties Arsenal Football Club entered a long slow period of decline. For seventeen years they didn't win a single cup, and the stultifying boredom of their games became...
Knowing Where To Go
...I knew no harm of Bonaparte and plenty of the Squire, And for to fight the Frenchman I did not much desire; But I did bash their baggonets because they came array'd To straighten out the crooked road an English drunkard made, Where you...
The Teller of the Tale
...I am the teller of the tale, not the creator of the story.Emeric was introduced into the Korda circle by the composer Miklós Rózsa, who scored most of London Films' prestige productions after 1936. Rózsa remembered that he first came across...
...The worst things that happened to me were the political consequences of events beyond my control... the best things were exactly the same.Overnight Temesvar became Timişoara and Romanian was enforced as the city's official language. All...
...My discovery of England... put new life into my most intimate memories.Vladimir Nabokov: The Real Life of Sebastian KnightKine Weekly, October 1942:It was a hectic period last week for Michael Powell on the Turkish bath sequence in The Life...
Blimp's Biography
...Old Shatterhand was the cowboy hero in a series of Western novels written by the German Karl May. Although he had never artually been to America himself, May formulated the notion of the Wild West for several generations of Central European...
Down and Out in the Tiergarten
...The sources for this chapter are Pressburger's autobiographical notes (PC) and my own memories. Mondnacht and AufReisen are both in the PC.In his old age, my grandfather did everything with a kind of slow, meticulous care that I sometimes...


text:
Mom Warns Others After Mosquito Bite Puts 6-Year-Old In ICU
Filed Under:Local TV, offbeat, talkers
Waynesville, NC (WLOS/WJZ) — A Waynesville mom used social media to warn parents about La Crosse encephalitis.
"And so it's breaking all of our hearts to see the spunkiest one out of five brothers down," LoriAnne Surrett said, reading the post no parent wants to write.
The heartfelt words about her son Noah have been shared more than 1,400 times on Facebook.
Her 6-year-old was hospitalized last weekend. Saturday he complained of a headache and eventually had a seizure.
"I've got five kids, and this is absolutely the scariest thing I've every been through in my life," she said. "I literally thought my kid was gone when I saw him."
Before this past weekend, Surrett said she'd never heard of the disease, which is transmitted by a bite from an infected mosquito. According to the CDC, there are about 63 cases each year.
La Crosse encephalitis often involves inflammation of the brain, and, along with seizures, it can cause coma and paralysis.
"This is something no parent should have to go through over a mosquito bite," Surrett said.
She said doctors are hopeful antibiotics and seizure medication will help. Noah's mostly asleep in his hospital room as he recovers. He will likely spend at least five more days in the hospital.
"He screams out in pain from the headaches, and he's really just like a zombie," Surrett said. "It's scary, it's really scary. I don't want no parent to have to go through this."
Surrett hopes her 768 heartbreaking words on Facebook encourage other parents to watch for symptoms, including fever, headache and nausea.
"I've lived here my whole life. They say it's known and common, but I've never heard of it and I want people to know that this can happen."
Surrett said she and her husband took every precaution they could to prevent mosquito bites. She's been encouraged by the outpouring of love on social media.
A GoFundMe was set up to help the family pay for Noah's medical expenses. You can donate here.


Following the hallway the masked lunatics had come out of, at first we didn't see anything special. There was a dormitory, full of empty beds, each neatly made, impersonal as a doctor's examination room. There was a large kitchen, complete with a long table to act as a dining table, the sort of place that served enormous quantities of food that would sustain vital functions and not a whole lot more. There was a large office area, half a dozen computers set up on another large table without any partitions between them.
I'd want those computers, in case they'd stored any useful information on them. But for the moment it was more efficient to keep moving and leave the heavy lifting for the minions.
The hallway continued for a long ways after that, with just a couple of doors. Snowflake opened a couple of them, finagling the handles with her jaws or just shattering the latches by main force, always with the same result. The large–huge, really, far larger than they needed to be, even if the ceilings were rather low–rooms were empty.
Not just in the sense of having no people, either. They were literally, absolutely empty, not even any furniture. They were just empty space, waiting to be given a purpose.
Who went to the effort of carving this massive complex out of the bedrock just to leave most of it sitting empty?
I felt like there was something I was missing, some obvious detail that I just wasn't seeing. But this was not a good time to be distracted, so I tried to push that feeling aside and focus on my immediate surroundings. Sharing Snowflake's mind did a lot help with that; she'd always had a certain immediacy about her, like most animals. It was one of the few really animal things about her, actually.
Not that it turned out to matter that much. We didn't see one other person on the way. Not a single one.
It was hard to believe that the group we'd dealt with earlier had been all the people here. A lot of this place was empty, admittedly, but we'd only killed around ten of them so far. There had to be more than that.
The only conclusion I could come to was that this compound had been abandoned, and that group we'd run into had been a rear guard of sorts.
It was getting old having people be one step ahead of me. I was getting really sick of being a day late and a dollar short.
Finally, the hall ended at a simple, plain lobby of sorts. The only feature was a large, stainless steel door with a white button next to it. It took a second for me to recognize it as a large elevator. It only took a moment longer for me to recognize it more specifically than that.
Damn it. I'd known it was too good to be true, but somehow I'd still wanted to think that they could be what I'd wanted them to be.
Hope springs eternal in the deluded breast, I suppose.
Snowflake went to hit the button, but I stopped her with a gentle reminder. If I was right about what was above us–and I was pretty freaking certain about it, it all just fit too well to be a coincidence–then we did not want to go up there alone. There's confident, and then there's stupid. Picking a fight with all of them at once, by ourselves, was solidly in the second category.
We turned around and went back to check on the minions instead.
I'd been half-expecting to find them all dead. It would fit with how well the rest of this whole project had gone. Apparently my luck wasn't quite that bad, though, because they were still working on searching the place, seemingly unharmed.
They were efficient. I had to give them that. They already had most of the complex ripped open, papers and computers dragged out into the hallway and stacked neatly in a pair of heavy-duty black duffel bags.
The corpses had been stripped and searched, very thoroughly. Some of the ghouls were chewing. I didn't look closely enough to see any more details than that. I didn't think that I wanted to know.
Snowflake sat and watched as they finished ransacking the complex. The duffel bags were zipped shut, and two of the jötnar heaved them up off the ground. The things must have weighed a couple hundred pounds each–computers are heavy, and I hadn't wanted to take the time to pull out the hard drives and such. It didn't matter. The giants looked human, but they were far stronger than anyone short of a serious bodybuilder. The bags wouldn't slow them down appreciably.
They started towards the entrance we'd come through, but Kyi knew enough to look at Snowflake, and Snowflake looked down the hall towards the elevator. As simply as that, the direction of travel shifted, and I was guessing that most of them didn't even realize how it happened.
The elevator was more than large enough to handle all of us at once. Unsurprisingly, really; it was a heavy-duty model, almost a freight elevator.
I was fully expecting a fight when the elevator doors opened again–or, if not a fight, certainly a confrontation of some sort.
The doors slid open with a gentle chime, and we crowded out into the lobby. As expected, it was a familiar lobby, complete with a gift shop and a cafe. It looked like they'd just about finished remodeling. The entrance was across from us, and as expected, there were some people between us and it. As expected, I recognized all of them.
I wondered, idly, how many of them had known what was going on beneath their feet. David had known, must have, he was too much in control of what happened here for it to have gone on without his notice. Elyssa, similarly, must have been aware. Awareness was her whole thing, what she did; it was pretty much impossible to keep a secret from someone who had magically sharpened focus and perceptions when she was living in the building where you wanted to keep that secret.
The rest? I wasn't so sure. I hadn't spent enough time with most of them to really get an idea of who they were. On some levels, sure, but I didn't know them well enough to really guess on this. There were too many unknowns. And all of that was assuming that the Guards hadn't been lying to me, which they rather obviously had.
Regardless, though, this was a conversation I wanted to have for myself. So I slid out of Snowflake and wove myself a body of darkness from the shadows of the jötnar and ghouls. They moved away slightly to give me room as I manifested, seemingly out of instinct.
It was probably a pretty freaking dramatic entrance. I'd have to remember this for later use.
"I told you not to call me that," he said, sounding impressively casual.
"I do feel special," he said dryly.
Tawny and Derek–or Crimson and Chainmail, or whatever the hell I was supposed to call them–exchanged dubious glances for a moment before looking back at me. It wasn't much of a tell, but it was enough. They didn't have a clue what I was talking about.
"Do you have an actual grievance with us?" David asked.
"We could stop you," David said, in a rather conversational tone.
He stared at me. I stared at him. The tension in the room could have been cut with a rolling pin, let alone a knife.
I managed to keep from letting out a relieved sigh as I melted back into the shadows.
It took a surprisingly short amount of time to gather all the relevant information and get back to the mansion. I had a strong suspicion that David wasn't half so opposed to the whole thing as he'd wanted to seem. He didn't put up nearly as much resistance as I would have expected, and I saw him smiling when he thought no one was looking.
In a way, it made sense. David had struck me as a fairly upright sort of guy, on the whole, and I doubted he was terribly happy about being forced to cooperate with those lunatics and house them in his basement. I could see the Guards as a whole seeing them as a useful tool, a deniable weapon to be used on inconvenient parties. But David, personally, didn't have to be happy about that.
It was basically the same relationship we'd always had. He was using me to do something he really wanted to, but for political reasons couldn't.
We spent so much energy on lying, when everyone knew the truth. It wasn't the first time I'd had the thought, but this was one of the more annoying occasions. It was just such a huge and pointless waste.
But eventually we figured it out, and lugged the bags back down to the mansion. I sculpted myself a new body on the way, one a bit more stable than pure shadows, out of a cooler of packed snow in the back of the car. The extremely excessive force around the apartment building cleared out, leaving behind nothing but a mess and a woman covered in duct tape in an alley. I expected that situation to arouse some questions, and also for it to be rapidly hushed up. No one wanted too much investigation into that, and some of the people that didn't had more than enough pull to make it happen.
Hell, these days I was one of them. It would only take a few phone calls to make that problem disappear.
I opened the front door of the mansion and walked in with my minions arrayed behind me. There were more minions waiting for me inside, along with some people whose names I actually knew.
Unsurprisingly, it was Selene who nodded and stepped forward to start getting things under control. "Where will you be, jarl?" she asked.
Well, I don't have an interlude planned this week, and the only pending request is something Scandinavian, which quite honestly doesn't give me a whole lot to work with. As such, no interlude tomorrow. Instead, I'll be putting in some more time on that side project that I'll be announcing at an unspecified point in the future.
Thank you for letting us know. Good luck with the side project.
And I got way too wrapped up in said side project, and forgot to do the actual chapter. Today's chapter will be delayed by a day, but should still get the right number of chapters done this week, which is…most of the way to being on schedule?
You are doing just fine. With another project, perhaps it would help to adjust your schedule. You seem to be making things very difficult for yourself. Thanks for letting us know.
I appreciate the concern, but really, it shouldn't be a problem. Just got a bit too caught up in that project. Did make quite a bit of progress on it, though. At this rate it won't be that long before I'm actually announcing it, as opposed to just announcing that I'll announce it at an unspecified future point.
My, but the plot thickens! Would love to see an interlude from David; there's much more to him than originally met the eye.
Noted, and probably going to happen next week.


text:
1914 queen contest created a commotion
Lena Northern Adams is shown here in 1914 after she won the title of Madera's Raisin Queen.
Maderan Lena Northern Adams probably never spent an inordinate amount of time reflecting upon her yesteryears. She was simply too busy. However, when she did ponder the past, one event surely must have stood out in her mind: the Raisin Queen contest of 1914.
Maderans have always found the time and energy to participate in community ventures, some of which took them beyond the borders of Madera County. One such event was the California Raisin Day celebration in Fresno.
Actually, Raisin Day celebrations in 1914 were not confined to the San Joaquin Valley, nor even California. According to the Madera Daily Mercury, every city of importance on the Pacific Coast held its own Raisin Day festivities, and Fresno set April 30, 1914 for hers.
On that day, every Fresno business closed its doors, as did most of those in Madera. The festivities even drew Governor Hiram Johnson to the event.
For the crowd of 200 Maderans who traveled to Fresno for the celebration, "The glory of the whole parade was the San Joaquin Counties float" on which rode the Raisin Queen of Madera.
Choosing a Raisin Queen for Madera County had not been an easy task. W.C. Maloy, the secretary of the Madera County Chamber of Commerce, was reported to have been "in a quandary." According to the Mercury, he had been "chosen to select some beautiful Madera County woman to grace the float...and did not know how to go about it." Maloy put out the word that he was anxiously seeking suggestions on the selection process.
After a few sleepless nights, Maloy came up with a brainstorm. Why not pass the buck? Why not make the selection process a popularity contest? It was perfect! Maloy supplied the mechanism, and the people of Madera County took the heat.
Nomination forms were published daily in the Mercury. Any citizen desiring to promote a particular young lady for this signal honor simply had to clip out the blank, fill it in, and send it to Preciado's store or to the Chamber of Commerce office. This act alone would count for 500 votes.
Additionally, smaller coupons worth 10 votes were published for the benefit of all who wanted to build up the vote count of their favorite candidate, and as if that wasn't enough, loyal supporters could go to the Chamber office and buy votes for a penny each.
The Mercury carried the following admonition to all Raisin Queen aspirants: "Girls, if you are not nominated, your man is not treating you properly and should be gently but firmly reasoned with. There are many ways of doing this. Some use a club, but in most cases, a gentle pat on the head or a soulful look will answer the purpose." It was further asserted that "the contest is the principal topic of conversation about town, and there promises to be lively competition before it is over...."
On April 9, 1914, the contest began, and the first entry was Mary Jay. Ben Preciado and J.M. Wallace were chosen as judges to safeguard the votes and tally them at the conclusion of the race. On the next day, Elsie Thomas and Alice Rea were nominated, and on the following day, Thane Hope joined the group. On April 13, the front page of the Mercury proclaimed "Friends Enter Miss Lena Northern for Flora, Goddess of Flowers." Indeed, the contest did promise some lively competition.
At the first tally, on April 17, Miss Rea led the contest with 1,370 votes. Following her was Miss Northern with a 1,160-vote total. In third place was Elsie Thomas with 1,130 tallies. The next count on the 18th, however, revealed "Lena Northern now...leading." Her votes numbered 1,780. Miss Rea held second place with 1,550 votes, while Elsie Thomas' tally stood at 1,240.
By April 20, the contest was at a fever pitch. Lena Northern had picked up an additional 130 votes, and held a narrow lead. Miss Rea's total was increased by 320 votes, putting her almost even with Miss Northern. The third place position continued to belong to Elsie Thomas, whose vote total remained at 1,240. It was announced that the final count would be held in the chamber office on the following evening.
The Mercury announced that on the 21st, "The Chamber contest has ended amid keen excitement." Lena Northern, with a last minute burst of enthusiastic support, was chosen Queen. She garnered a total of 7,570 votes, up 5,660 over the previous day! Now the real work began.
She had to be outfitted with regal apparel that would befit royalty from Madera. Then there were the numerous photographs for which she had to pose. Many of these pictures were requested by "newspapers from San Francisco and Los Angeles." Then in the middle of all this came the disastrous fire which claimed her father's house at 609 South D Street, just five days before the festivities.
Nevertheless, by April 30, Lena Northern was ready. She represented Madera magnificently in the huge Raisin Day celebration of 1914, and Madera was justifiably proud of its hometown queen.
A carnival spirit reigned on the downtown streets of Fresno, and many Maderans joined in the dancing on the pavement. They had cause for celebration, and the late Lena Northern Adams had reason to remember.


text:
Ryder Cup USA
5 reasons why the Ryder Cup is the best event in sports
T.J. Auclair
On September 16, 2016, 9:58am EDT
There is nothing like the Ryder Cup.
Chills. Butterflies in the stomach. Hair raising on the back... And I'm just talking about the fans.
The atmosphere at these biennial matches pitting 12 of the best golfers from the U.S. against 12 of Europe's best is riveting theater. If you're lucky enough to be on the grounds, you can feel the energy.
RELATED: USA Captains | USA celebrations | Ryder Cup hats
Do you know someone who thinks golf is boring? Have them tune into a Ryder Cup for five minutes. The tension. The chants from the crowds. The emotional swings. The actual swings in the status of the matches.
It's amazing.
There are countless reasons why the Ryder Cup is the best event in sports. Here are the top five.
5. The first tee.
Reason: It's a spectacle. A sight to be seen. There's singing. There's chanting. Thousands of spectators lined up 20-30 deep and packed into the stands. This isn't the type of reserved, quiet, golf-clap first tee players are used to at a regular event. This is intense. Players admit that hitting that first tee shot at a Ryder Cup is like nothing they've ever experienced in golf. When he was announced as a Captain's Pick earlier this week at Hazeltine for the 2016 matches, American Ryder Cup veteran Matt Kuchar relayed a first tee story he had heard many times before:
"I had heard stories of the guys, when we were starting off in alternate-shot and had their plan of guys taking odds and even holes, and the guy that was set to play the first drive on the first hole said, 'Too nervous, too nervous, I can't do it,' and so they switched the format."
That's what the magnitude of the first tee at a Ryder Cup can do to even the best players in the world.
4. The fans.
Reason: They're tastefully rowdy. Unlike regular golf events, they play favorites -- and they let the players know it. If the Ryder Cup were a movie and the players are the main characters, the fans would be the supporting cast. Without the fans, the Ryder Cup isn't the Ryder Cup. They show up in the tens of thousands. Have you ever been that person too cool to wear a costume to a costume party and then feel out of place when you arrive at said party and you're the only person not dressed in an ensemble? That's the Ryder Cup. Look around at the spectators and -- based on their getup -- there's no denying which side they're pulling for. What other event in golf can you think of where the fans sing/chant in unison? Sure, the Phoenix Open has the par-3 16th hole. Every hole at a Ryder Cup is like that.
Reason: With golf being, primarily, an individual event, people sometimes argue that it lacks personalities or character. That isn't the case in a Ryder Cup. For one week every two years, players aren't playing for themselves. They're playing for a team and they're playing for their country. They live and die with every shot, they wear their emotions on their sleeves and they feed off the energy of the crowd. Best of all, when a player finishes his match, his work isn't over... he drapes himself in a flag and heads out to cheer on his teammates battling it out in other matches. The Ryder Cup is an event that has been known to frequently bring the winners -- and losers -- to tears. You can't fake that.
2. The level of play.
Reason: It's off the charts. That's the beauty of match play though, isn't it? It's a format that not only encourages but demands that players are aggressive and keep the pedal to the metal at all times. There's no prevent defense in the Ryder Cup. You push all the chips to the middle of the table and take a gamble. And, when those gambles pay off, you can become a national hero. Just ask Justin Leonard. That photo above is when Leonard holed an improbable 45-foot birdie putt on the 17th hole at the Country Club in Brookline, Mass., during the 1999 matches that would assure him nothing worse than a halve against Jose Maria Olazabal and -- in turn -- guaranteed the Americans a miracle, come-from-behind, final-day victory. Crazy things happen at the Ryder Cup.
Reason: Just win, baby. That's the primary goal of both sides heading into a Ryder Cup. However, as it all plays out, the game's core value of sportsmanship is still ever present. Is there gamesmanship? Sure there is. But, at the end of the day, upholding the gentlemanly foundation of golf is what it's all about. Look no further than the 1969 Ryder Cup where a common match-play term -- "concession" -- became the enduring nickname of those matches, as in, "The Concession."
Riddled with unsportsmanlike conduct throughout the matches -- players from one side not helping players from the other search for lost balls; deliberately standing too close to an opponent to distract him while putting; etc. -- it was ugly and in danger of putting a serious black eye on the Ryder Cup.
That's where then 29-year-old, Ryder Cup USA rookie Jack Nicklaus swooped in to save the day. After making a par on the final hole at Royal Birkdale, Nicklaus' opponent -- Tony Jacklin -- was faced with a 2-footer for par that would either end the Ryder Cup in a draw if he made it (the Americans would retain), or result in an outright loss for Europe if he missed.
"I was terrified," said Nicklaus of his own putt that day. "I wasn't just putting for me, I was putting for my country."
If that's how Nicklaus felt, imagine the weight of that moment for Jacklin. An Englishman, playing the Ryder Cup in his home country, with the outcome riding on his putt. What if he missed?
Ever the gentleman, Nicklaus shocked everyone when he wouldn't allow Jacklin that opportunity.
Much to the dismay of some of his teammates -- and especially U.S. Captain Sam Snead -- Nicklaus picked up Jacklin's coin and extended his hand for a handshake resulting in the first of two draws in Ryder Cup history (again, the U.S. retained the Ryder Cup having won in 1967).
"He was a national hero," Nicklaus said later of Jacklin. "I felt like the United States was going to retain the Cup either way. I didn't think it was in the spirit of the game to make him putt and have a chance to miss a 2-foot putt in front of his fans."
Moments -- most notably that one -- are what make the Ryder Cup the best event in sports.
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Continuing efforts to apply, at the local level, the Agenda 21 mandate of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, in 1992, provide good illustrations of problems typical in contemporary public planning and decision-making in many European countries. The claims for participatory decision-making and the coordination of decision and action among diverse actors and stakeholders constitute challenges to established public planning systems. From a point of departure in planning practice, this thesis approaches planning theory in a search for a theoretical framework to meet these problems and challenges. A tentative framework is set up and used for the analysis of empirical findings as well as a discussion on new professional tasks and roles in urban planning. The main methods are reflections on practice, studies of literature, and case studies. The emerging discourse on a communicative approach in planning theory is described and discussed. For application in planning practice, however the question of methodology as well as the role of planners re-quires greater attention. Alternative approaches in operational research can be used to structure problems, identify decision domains and involve stakeholders in learning and consensus-building processes. However, difficulties arise when the number of issues and participants increases. Both the intentional use of innovative practice and the conscious design and use of new social settings generate opportunities; however these are seriously affected by obstacles related to different types of uncertainty and power-relations within the public planning sys-tem itself. The process of developing forms and styles for participatory decision-making, involving actors and citizens outside the public planning system, requires a parallel process directed at coordination and cross-sector learning within the public planning system. The tasks and roles of planners will change. The intentional design and use of innovative social settings guided by sensitive and creative process leaders is a feasible approach; there is a need for a specific professional competence, to facilitate and guide such learning processes. There is also an urgent need for both development work and empirical research to explore possible planning methodologies, useful forms of organisation and leadership for social change processes that involve diverse actors and stakeholders in a shared-power world.


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When you're halfway through what could only be called "the worst day ever," it might seem like your impenetrably tangled earbuds are just another message from the Bad-Day Gods. There are ways to prevent this from happening.
Dorian Raymer and Douglas Smith at UC San Diego unraveled the mystery in a paper titled "Spontaneous Knotting of an Agitated String" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The researchers stuck lengths of string in a box, rotated the box, then opened it to see if knots formed. After an eye-glazing 3,415 trials, they determined that string shorter than 1.5 feet never tangled, but as a string gets longer, the probability of knots shoots up sharply (which is why 10-foot-long Christmas tree lights can melt your soul).
There's a million and one solutions on the market for keeping headphone cords in check. There are four things all of these devices have in common.
You can't make the cord shorter, but you can bring the ends together in another way. Robert Matthews at Aston University in Birmingham, England, once had the brilliant idea to test if clipping earbud ends together with a binder clip could prevent tangled cords. When you grip the earbuds to the miniplug, you're forming a huge loop—a small innovation that Matthews suspected would cut down on tangles. He was right. He repeated the string-in-a-box test for 12,000 trials, and reduced the risk of knots by tenfold.
Instead of bringing ends together, keep them apart. Douglas Smith, the UC San Diego researcher from earlier in this story, had a different theory. Rescue squads who have to meticulously pack up ropes every day put one end of the rope into a bag, then feed the rest in, like you'd stuff a sleeping bag into a sack. This keeps the ends away from each other, preventing knots from forming.
If you can prevent a cord from curling up on itself, you can essentially stop knots before they start. You can also try coating or covering your wires to get the same effect.
In all these super scientific tests of earbud-tangleosity, the researchers employed fast, sharp movements as a means to tossle the earbud cords together. That's because, at the root of it all, it's movement that causes wires to knot up. It's why your earbuds only tangle in your pocket and not sitting on your desk. To prevent knots, just keep your cords from moving around. The easiest way to do this? Wrap them carefully around anything, maybe a credit card and secure them completely.
Aren't we lucky that these days, there are cute little earbud and chord cases that work much like the spring mechanism in a tape measure!


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When Keeping It Woke Goes Wrong: How Much Do We Really Want Artists to Speak Out?
In a time when social consciousness is an imperative, we should be more selective as to who we give a voice to.
by Jabbari Weekes
Dec 22 2016, 6:16pm
This article originally appeared on Noisey Canada.
In a year dominated by conversations about white privilege and police brutality—and bookended by the rise of US president-elect Donald Trump—artists of color have clearly felt a growing sense of obligation to use their influence to speak out. And largely, many have done so. Projects like Beyonce's Lemonade, Solange's A Seat At The Table, as well as Blood Orange's Freetown Sound, cited ad nauseum in discussions of politicized music, speak directly to the injustices that appear constantly in the news. Artists like Killer Mike and Chance the Rapper, both of whom have long-standing ties to politics, were instrumental in electoral campaigns and mobilizing votes. Other artists approached social activism through op-eds, monetary donations, and public protests on live television.
Still, the insistence from media and activists for popular figures to comment and take action has created a space where artists feel compelled to take a stance, whether or not they are prepared to contribute to the discussion in a productive way. We've seen the added impetus to speak out about politics go awry, whether in Lil Wayne's surprising inability to see racism and understand Black Lives Matter or when RZA suggested earlier this year that dressing better would absolve black youth from interaction with police. These incidents demonstrate that raised expectation of social awareness and responsibility from black artists who have never been asked to articulate their thoughts outside of music is not necessarily constructive.
Black Lives Matter, in particular, was a popular talking point in 2016, a go-to in part for its promise of controversy. To say "yes" to Black Lives Matter is to court the (often aggressive) anger of those unsympathetic to the movement, while to say "no" or a "but" can put a person in the "All Lives Matter" camp, where they are seen as betraying their community and devaluing the cause. A$AP Rocky would be the first of many to be tasked with asserting his stance after choice quotes from a controversial 2015 interview re-surfaced online. In particular, he chafed at the idea that the color of his skin required him to have a political opinion: "I don't wanna talk about no f—ing Ferguson and shit because I don't live over there! I live in fucking Soho and Beverly Hills. I can't relate.'"
As a result, he'd go on The Breakfast Club to clarify his statements, acknowledging in a regretful tone the interview was the fault of him misspeaking and being misquoted. Still, he voiced his frustration at being pulled onto a platform he felt unqualified to help in the way of a "J. Cole" or "Kendrick." "When you have a journalist asking you why you didn't speak about the Baltimore riots or how come you didn't speak about the Ferguson stuff and it's continuous you get agitated," he said. "I didn't ask for that kind of responsibility." And yet, when Charlamagne asked if he finally "woke up and realized what's going on," Rocky's response is emblematic of the begrudging nature on the part of artists for the demand for comment: "Nah, I think more so I got dragged into saying something ." Wayne, too, echoed similar sentiments in his aforementioned Nightline interview stating, rather bluntly, "I ain't no fucking politician."
Solange took a different stance on the subject. In an interview with the FADER, she spoke directly on the question of responsibility musicians have to speak on social issues. "When I interviewed Amandla [Stenberg] for Teen Vogue she said something like, 'We're all activists, even in just existing'... I don't think it's everyone's responsibility if it's not in their will. But I do feel conflicted when people feel like they may not have that calling, but they speak out against the movement. That, to me, is very problematic. I'd almost rather you just not speak at all... All that I ask is that people are sensitive to others' truths, even if it's not their own." Sensitivity, however, is informed by empathy, and to be black in the present time is to constantly feel and be reminded of the dangers waiting for us day to day. There is truth in purely existing as a successful black celebrity, in spite of the oppression that comes with your race, being a political act. We find solace through the art of these musicians. Their verses act as a balm, and it becomes an issue when their words outside of the music don't match our interpretations. As Solange asserts, those who wish to disengage do more harm by voicing negative opinions than by simply staying quiet. Perhaps it's not productive for us to dictate how we want artists to use their platforms. This conflict has spurred some to find a middle ground for what role celebrity can play in social justice causes.
In an interview with VMAN magazine, The Weeknd addressed this topic, saying, "I promised myself that I would never tweet or talk about politics and focus on the music, but I was just so bewildered that we lost more of our people to these senseless police shootings. I wish I could make music about politics... but when I step into the studio I step out of the real world, and it's therapeutic. It's an escape, but recently it's been very hard to ignore, and it's also been very distracting. Maybe you'll hear it in my voice, but it is not my forté." Instead, he's utilized his position through absence and choice moments. In May, he cancelled a performance on the Jimmy Kimmel show in response to a scheduled Trump appearance. He tweeted in support of Black Lives Matter following the senseless killings of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling , and he quietly donated money to organizations supporting the BLM cause. Weeknd's comments reflect a frustration on the part of artists who feel they are obligated to say something, who maybe want to keep making fun music as a reprieve from political trauma rather than music that addresses it. But rather than allowing himself to be pulled in for a salacious quote or speak out of frustration he's used his agency to support on his terms. Actions will always speak louder than words.
More than ever it has become clear that there's a fine line to be walked as to who we look to for wisdom, a line that has become harder to make out as we consider the size of famous people's followings and the reach their voices have. Some voices should not be put on a pedestal, as evidenced by Kanye West's current political pursuits. By championing Donald Trump's boldness and resilience to political correctness, he's done a great deal of damage in making a hateful rhetoric digestible to his large following. In the same way one shouldn't be the voice of a whole movement just because of their skin color, we shouldn't give merit to someone just because of the strength of their platform. There needs to be accountability for idol worship and an emphasis on thinking critically about all voices as we risk creating more spaces where the ignorant or ill-informed can speak for a whole community.
Nevertheless, in facing what will be a long and hard road ahead a simple truth has more meaning than ever: Not everybody needs to be heard. Some of us need to shut the fuck up.
Jabbari Weekes is spreading fear and jeer this Christmas. Follow or slander him on Twitter.
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