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Dallas Museum of Art acquires masterpiece of portraiture at the start of the French Revolution
Jean Antoine Theodore Giroust, The Harp Lesson (La leçon de Harpe), 1791, oil on canvas, Dallas Museum of Art, Foundation for the Arts Collection, Mrs. John B. O'Hara Fund.
DALLAS, TX.- The Dallas Museum of Art today announced the acquisition, for its European painting collection, of a remarkable life-size triple portrait by the neoclassical painter Jean Antoine Théodore Giroust (1753–1817). The painting, The Harp Lesson (La leçon de harpe), created a sensation when it debuted at the Paris Salon exhibition of 1791. The work is a significant addition to the Museum's holding of 18th-century portraits and is an important example historically of the art of portraiture. The painting goes on view today, included in the Museum's free general admission, in the DMA's European Painting and Sculpture galleries on Level 2.
"This monumental painting is a transformative addition to the Museum's galleries of European art at the end of the 18th century. This is a particularly rich segment of the Museum's European collection, with historically significant works by artists such as Joseph Vernet, Anne Vallayer-Coster, Jacques-Louis David, and, of course, Giroust himself," said Olivier Meslay, Associate Director of Curatorial Affairs and The Barbara Thomas Lemmon Curator of European Art at the Dallas Museum of Art. "His neoclassical history painting Oedipus at Colonus has been a mainstay of our galleries since its acquisition in 1992, and The Harp Lesson is an equally important addition to the collection for the genre of portraiture."
Giroust's large and elegant conversation piece à l'anglaise is a masterpiece of portraiture at the start of the French Revolution. Each of the three sitters would have been a well-known personality to the Salon audience, and the painting is an indelible document of the self-fashioning of the liberal French aristocracy under the National Assembly (1789–1792). It depicts the daughter of Louise Philippe Joseph de Bourbon, duc d'Orléans (1747–1793), the future "Philippe Égalité," taking a music lesson from her governess, Madame de Genlis, while her English companion, Mademoiselle Paméla, looks on. Giroust's detailed representation of the sitters, their dress and accessories, and their elegant neoclassical furnishings testifies to the efforts of the duc d'Orléans to craft a public image of his family and retinue as paragons of Enlightenment virtue and progressive cultural tastes.
A full-size replica of The Harp Lesson was produced in 1842 by Jean-Baptise Mauzaisse (1784–1844) for King Louis Philippe, the brother of Mademoiselle d'Orléans. This replica remains in the historical gallery of Versailles. It was once believed that the original canvas had been destroyed during the Revolution of 1848, when it was hanging in the Palais-Royal, but in fact the painting remained the property of the Bourbon Orléans family by descent from 1791 until 1937, when it was sold in Brussels as a "school of David" painting and was acquired by a Belgian collector. The painting remained in his family until 1989, when it was sold at a public auction in Monaco.
Born in Bussy St. Georges, France, in 1753, Antoine Giroust trained in the Paris studio of the leading neoclassical painter, Joseph Marie Vien, alongside his contemporary Jacques-Louis David. Following study in Rome, Giroust was received as a full member of the Academy in 1789 with the painting Oedipus at Colonus, which is also in the DMA collection and on view in the Level 2 galleries. By 1791, he was working almost exclusively for the duc d'Orléans, and in the years that followed his fortunes rose and fell with those of the d'Orléans family.
In 1792, Giroust volunteered for military service as an aide de camp to the duc de Chartres, the eldest son of Philippe Egalité and the future King Louis Philippe. After the duc d'Orléans and his sons were arrested by the Committee of Public Safety in April 1793, Giroust was able to escape to the countryside, where he lived for some years in relative obscurity, near his home town of Vivier. In 1795, Giroust was invited, perhaps at the behest of his former studio-mate David, to be one of the inaugural members of the newly created Institute, as a "non-resident" member since he remained in the countryside. He settled in the eastern province of Lorraine, where by 1800 he was serving as mayor of the town of Serres. His final professional venture as an artist was the exhibition of two history paintings, Éponine et Sabinus and Sainte Godelive, at the Salon of the Year X (1802). Following this exhibition, Giroust largely returned to private life. He passed away in 1817 at his house in Vivier.
Posté par : Alain Truong à 16:07 - Art du XVIIIème siècle / 18th century art - Commentaires [0] - Permalien [#]
Tags : 'La leçon de Harpe', 'The Harp Lesson', 1791, Jean Antoine Theodore Giroust
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Dr. David J. Weber has been in practice since 1978 and during that time has pursued education and training in multiple disciplines in complementary health care.
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Corn is one of my favorites, but the season for fresh corn here is really short. So I mostly rely on frozen, and I'm happy to report that it doesn't really make a difference in this soup, which is very delicious. Adding the corn meal, or polenta, does wonders for the texture, so don't skip that step!
I served this with a dollop of sour cream and - as always - some fresh coriander. Yummy!
Fry the bacon in a large pot. Add the butter, onion, potatoes, peppers and garlic, and fry for five minutes. Add the corn, sambal oelek, chicken stock and cream. Bring to a boil.
Stir together the corn meal and water, and add to the pot. Lower the heat and cover with a lid. Let the soup simmer for about 15 minutes. Check to make sure the potatoes are cooked through, or simmer for a few more minutes.
If you'd like, use an immersion blender to blend the soup - I blended a little, but not completey. Season with salt, black pepper and some cayenne pepper if you want more heat.
MM! NAM! This looks super-delicious! I love your blog, forgive me for not always commenting. I totally should!


Griggs Green, Liphook, Hampshire, GU30 7PE, England.
Nestled away in 400 acres of rolling Hampshire countryside, the Old Thorns Hotel, Golf & Country Estate is a beautiful country house hotel. Originally a 17th century farmhouse that retains much of its original charm, the Old Thorns Hotel, Golf & Country Estate is just a short drive from many popular family attractions. Legoland, Thorpe Park, Windsor Castle, Haslemere Educational museum, Go Ape! and Goodwood House & Racecourse are all just a short drive away. After a day out and about, relax in the hotel�s luxurious spa, complete with indoor swimming pool, sauna, steam room and solarium, gym and beauty spa (charges apply). Golfing enthusiasts at the Old Thorns Hotel, Golf & Country Estate will not be disappointed with the magnificent championship golf course designed by Peter Alliss. Guests at the Old Thorns Hotel, Golf & Country Estate can also dine in the elegant Kings Carvery Brasserie Restaurant. The Restaurant offers stunning panoramic views over the 1st and 18th tee and has an imaginative menu combining contemporary cuisine and traditional favourites. As night draws in, retire to one of the 83 bedrooms at the Old Thorns Hotel, Golf & Country Estate. For maximum comfort, all guest rooms feature TV, tea & coffee making facilities, internet access and air-conditioning.


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DIVERSITY IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Archived Recording
In order to view the webinar presentation, please click on the webinar icon below.
1:00 p.m. - 2:00 p.m. ET
AUCD Webinar
Council on Leadership in Advocacy (COLA)
Early Intervention/Early Childhood
Multicultural Council (MCC)
ITAC Event type: Webinars
Diversity and Cultural Competence
ELC: Trainee Recommended Webinar
About this Webinar Series:
AUCD's Autism Special Interest Group is pleased to present the 2019 winter webinar series. The goal is to share new and breaking work across each area from AUCD-supported programs across the country in brief accessible presentations tied together across a common topic, and to support conversation around each. All three webinars will include a moderator, three presenters and time for questions and comments over the course of an hour. The first will focus on transitions to adulthood for autistic individuals, followed by early identification of autism spectrum disorder, and wrapped up in March with a focus on diversity issues within autism spectrum disorder and associated care and support. The goal is to share new and breaking work across each area from AUCD-supported programs across the country in brief accessible presentations tied together across a common topic.
About this Webinar:
Please join us to hear about national work and discuss issues pertinent to diversity issues in autism spectrum disorder. Brian Be, an artist, self-advocate, peer mentor and LEND fellow with The University of Colorado will moderate a three expert panel presentation and facilitate questions and comments from webinar participants.
Brian Be is an artist, self-advocate, peer mentor and Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) fellow with The University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus and JFK Partners, Inc. His LEND community project called H.I. (Having InterDependence) is about getting people with and without disabilities to lead and follow each other as they explore creative ways to interact. The workshops / classes foster us to be creative, observe and engage each other through live arts and games often used in theater, dance /movement, and improvisation.
Maria Mercedes Avila is an associate professor of pediatrics and director of the Vermont Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (VT LEND) Program, has been appointed Health Equity Inclusive Excellence Liaison in the University of VT (UVM) College of Medicine's Office of Diversity and Inclusion. Dr. Avila also serves as adjunct faculty in the UVM College of Nursing and Health Sciences. She has served as chair of the AUCD Multicultural Council and currently serves on the AUCD Board of Directors. Dr. Avila has provided culturally responsive care and practice training to more than 3,500 providers across 46 organizations and 9 states
Caroline Coffield is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Director of Preservice Training at The Boggs Center on Developmental Disabilities, New Jersey's UCEDD. She is the Training Director of the New Jersey Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (NJLEND) Program and coordinates the Seminar on Family Centered Care and Developmental Disabilities, a required component of the pediatric clerkship for all third-year medical students at Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. Dr. Coffield's research interests include a variety of disability specific topics such as health disparities in diagnosis and access to care for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and their families, transition to adult healthcare, and impact of education and training about developmental disabilities on future healthcare providers. Dr. Coffield obtained her doctorate in Psychology from Rutgers University in 2010.
Bryn Harris is an Associate Professor in the School Psychology doctoral program in the School of Education and Human Development at the University of Colorado Denver. She has a secondary appointment in the Department of Pediatrics (Developmental Pediatrics) at the University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus. Her primary research interests include the psychological assessment of bilingual learners, health disparities among bilingual children, particularly those with autism spectrum disorder, and improving mental health access and opportunity within traditionally underserved populations. Dr. Harris is the director and founder of the bilingual school psychology program at the University of Colorado Denver. She is also a bilingual (Spanish) licensed psychologist and nationally certified school psychologist.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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First Battle of Mesilla Historical Marker
This historical marker commemorates the First Battle of Mesilla, a Civil War skirmish that pitted pro-Confederate residents against federal troops stationed at Fort Filmore. Pro-Confederate residents of the territory declared Messila their capital and began conspiring to seize control of the area leading to this battle on July 25, 1861. Confederate forces were victorious in the skirmish and followed the battle with the official declaration of the existence of a Confederate government of Arizona Territory which included the southern area of the New Mexico Territory. The Confederate victory was short-lived as federal troops responded with a counter-attack and forced the secessionists from Mesilla the following summer. The historical marker discusses the 1861 skirmish and the Second Battle of Mesilla in June, 1862, that allowed the Union to gain control of Messila.
The First Battle of Mesilla occurred between Confederate and Union troops on July 25, 1861 in present day New Mexico.
Lieutenant Colonel John R. Baylor led the Confederates into victory at Mesilla in 1861.
Mesilla became the capital of the Confederate Arizona Territory
Baylor feared the Union forces at Fort Fillmore (pictured here) would attack pro-Confederate forces along the western Texas frontier so he organized an attack on them first.
Residents of the western territories typically supported the Union. However, many of the families of this area had lived in the American South and not only favored the Confederacy but hoped to join the Confederate States of America and practice slavery. With many of the people living in these territories divided, and with political leaders also dividing on the question of slavery and secession, a victory by pro-Confederate forces might inspire more residents of the territories to support the South.
After Texas seceded from the Union in 1861, a battalion of the 2nd Texas Mounted Rifles led by Lt. Col. John R. Baylor was ordered to occupy several forts that were located on the west Texas frontier. Confederate leaders supported Baylor's desire to invade New Mexico to attack Union forts near the Rio Grande if he believed it was necessary to do so. Baylor believed the Union troops at Fort Fillmore in New Mexico would attack and that he should do so before they could.
On the night of July 23, 1861, Lt. Col. John R. Baylor and 300 men left Fort Bliss and marched to Fort Fillmore, New Mexico, arriving in Mesilla on the night of the 24th. Accompanying Baylor were two companies of the 2nd Regiment of the Texas Mounted Rifles, a Texas light-artillery company, an El Paso County scout company, and regular citizens. Originally, Baylor was going to carry out a surprise attack on the Union forces at the fort but one of the Confederate troops betrayed them and warned the Union forces. Many of the residents of Mesilla supported the Confederate raiders and shortly upon his arrival, Baylor was met by a company of Arizona men who joined his ranks.
The following day Major Isaac Lynde and 380 Union infantry and mounted riflemen and howitzers, marched to Mesilla from the south. When Baylor refused to surrender, Lynde told his men to open fire on the Confederate forces. Lynde wanted his infantry to advance but the geography of the land prevented them from doing this so Lynde told his cavalry to charge the Confederate forces. The charge was clumsy and many of the Union troops were shot, weakening the attack further. The two sides fired back and forth a little longer until Lynde ordered a retreat to the fort with Confederate forces and Arizona citizens chasing after them. There is a debate on how many casualties each side experienced, but it is estimated that three to thirteen men were killed. Two officers and four other men received injuries on the Union side while the Confederates had two men killed, seven others suffered from injuries, and 20 horses killed.
The following night Baylor sought reinforcements as his men prepared to attack the fort the next day. That same evening, Baylor's men seized 85 of the Union's horses cutting off their main mode of transportation. Suspecting the looming Confederate attack, Lynde's men deserted Fort Fillmore once they ruined the ammunition and supplies in the citadel. However, the Confederate forces had possession of the quickest path of retreat (north heading to Fort Craig, New Mexico) so the Union forces went northeast heading to Fort Stanton through the Organ Mountains. Rather than using their canteens to hold water for the march through the desert and mountains, the Union troops filled them with medicinal whiskey from the fort. The next day, the Confederates caught up to several of the Union troops who had fell behind and on July 27, dehydrated and down to 100 men, Lynde's forces had no other choice but to surrender to the Confederates at San Agustine Springs.
On August 1 Baylor announced the creation of an official Confederate Arizona Territory which included the part of the New Mexico Territory that was south of the 34th parallel north. Baylor named himself the military governor and governed under martial law. The Confederate victory paved the way for Henry Hopkins Sibley's New Mexico Campaign in February of 1862. The Confederate victory was short lived however, when the Second Battle of Mesilla resulted in a Union victory in June of 1862 and the Confederates left Mesilla on June 7, 1862. Despite the Confederacy's short-lived victory here, Baylor became a folk hero among pro-Confederate families in the area for his leadership in the First Battle of Mesilla.
"The First Battle of Mesilla." Accessed on January 28, 2018. http://www.arizonacivilwarcouncilinc.com/First%20battle%20of%20Mesilla.pdf
"The Battle of Mesilla." The American Civil War. Accessed on January 28, 2018. https://www.mycivilwar.com/battles/620724c.html
This book analyzes the complexity of the Civil War in the western territories.
This website gives information and the importance of the New Mexico Territory during the Civil War.
Calle De Parian and Calle De Guadalupe
Mesilla, NM 88046
Created by Lauren Milton on January 26th 2018, 1:14:56 am.
Last updated by Clio Admin on January 29th 2018, 6:28:16 pm.


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Home » Health and Wellness » Ingredients
15 Side Effects Of Excess Green Tea Intake
November 24, 2020 by Charushila Biswas
ISSA Certified Specialist in Fitness & Nutrition
Green tea is one of the healthiest drinks (1). It is sourced from the Camellia sinensis plant. Green tea contains an antioxidant called EGCG that has the potential to fight various diseases like cancer, heart disease, and obesity (2). But new research shows that drinking too much green tea daily may have side effects.
In this article, we will address 15 green tea side effects, along with discussing the ideal dosage and other precautions you need to take. Let's begin!
Green Tea Side Effects
How Much Green Tea Should You Drink Per Day?
Who Should Not Drink Green Tea?
Green Tea Vs. Black Tea
Drinking too much green tea has side effects. Here is a list of the 15 adverse effects you want to be wary about.
1. EGCG In Green Tea Binds Iron, Causing Anemia And Iron Deficiency
Anemia affects 1.62 billion people worldwide (3). It is caused due to iron deficiency and low levels of hemoglobin in the blood (4), (5).
Research studies point out that drinking too much green tea daily may cause iron deficiency, leading to anemia and/or low RBC count.
Dr. Matam Vijay-Kumar, a Penn State assistant professor, explains that particular green tea catechin, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), binds with iron. This reduces EGCG efficiency as a potent antioxidant and also blocks iron absorption (6), (7).
Dr. Matam also advises people with IBD not to consume green tea when taking iron supplements. This is because iron-bound green tea EGCG loses the capacity to inhibit myeloperoxidase (an inflammation-inducing enzyme). This may lead to inflammation and stomach pain, further aggravating IBD.
Bottom Line – Green tea EGCG may cause iron deficiency and anemia by blocking iron absorption.
2. Caffeine In Green Tea Interferes With Certain Medications
Caffeine is a CNS (Central Nervous System) stimulator. That is why a cup of green tea makes you feel rejuvenated and re-energized. The catch is, consuming large amounts of green tea while on certain medications may cause side effects.
Caffeine is broken down in the body and flushed out. But certain drugs like Cimetidine, antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin, enoxacin (Penetrex), trovafloxacin (Trovan), sparfloxacin (Zagam), norfloxacin (Chibroxin, Noroxin), grepafloxacin (Raxar), Fluconazole, anesthetic drugs like Midazolam, and birth control pills inhibit caffeine breakdown (8).
As a result, caffeine continues to be in the body, causing jitters, restlessness, increased heart rate, and, in some cases, arrhythmia (9), (10).
Scientists found that green tea caffeine inhibited the metabolism of Clozapine, an antipsychotic drug, leading to clozapine toxicity (11). People on lithium also should avoid consuming green tea.
Research shows that vitamin K in green tea inhibits the effects of Warfarin, an anticoagulant (anti-blood clotting) drug (12).
Bottom Line – Green tea caffeine may interfere with certain antibiotics, antidepressants, anticoagulants, anesthetic drugs, and birth control pills.
3. Green Tea During Pregnancy May Cause Birth Defects
Several studies show that drinking excess green tea during pregnancy may have a negative impact on the mother and the newborn. Consuming more than 300 mg of caffeine per day increases the risk of hypertension during pregnancy (13).
Scientists have also found that caffeine and tannins in green tea can reduce the levels of folic acid. Folic acid, a water-soluble B-vitamin, prevents miscarriages and birth defects like spina bifida (14), (15). Though there is no overall risk associated with tea intake, the anti-folate effects of tea (green) need further study (16).
Moreover, drinking excess green tea may increase the risk of preterm birth. Further studies are needed to understand how green tea may cause this effect (17).
However, EGCG was found to prevent maternal diabetes-induced neural tube defects (18). It is, therefore, best to talk to your doctor before consuming green tea during pregnancy.
Bottom Line – Excessive consumption of green tea during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm birth, spina bifida, and maternal hypertension. Consult your doctor before consuming green tea during pregnancy.
4. Caffeine In Green Tea May Cause Hypokalemia And Seizures
Hypokalemia is characterized by low potassium levels in the blood. Potassium is important for muscle contraction and the functioning of the body's proteins. Drinking too much green tea may lower potassium levels, leading to muscle weakness (19).
Two patients with hypokalemia (low potassium levels) were advised to reduce their green tea consumption. This change alone allowed their potassium levels to return to normal after a few days. However, taking green tea along with other medications was found to induce hypokalemia. Taking green tea alone was not found to cause this effect (20).
Researchers also found that green tea's potassium-lowering and calcium-lowering properties may have a pre-convulsive (muscle tremor and epilepsy) effect (21).
Other studies show that consuming more than 200 mg of green tea per day may increase the risk and frequencies of seizures(22), Though certain studies suggest that caffeine increases the risk of seizures, more research is required. However, caffeine was found to reduce the efficacy of drugs for epilepsy treatment (23).
Some other findings report an increase in seizure frequency in individuals after increasing caffeine intake (24).
Bottom Line – Consuming excessive amounts of green tea may cause hypokalemia and increase the risk and frequency of seizures.
5. Green Tea Extract May Be Toxic For The Liver
Many people consume green tea to lose weight and reap other green tea benefits. But studies show that consuming excessive green tea can backfire and cause liver damage.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) makes up 10% of green tea extract. Higher concentrations of EGCG may cause mitochondrial toxicity, possibly leading to hepatotoxicity (25).
A 37-year-old lady with no history of liver damage or alcohol use showed increased inflammation, necrosis (cell or tissue death due to lack of oxygen), and higher aminotransferase levels (a sign of liver damage) after consuming a weight loss pill whose major ingredient was a green tea extract (25).
Bottom Line – High concentrations of EGCG found in green tea pills and supplements may cause liver damage.
6. Caffeine Toxicity Causes Headache, Dizziness, And Vomiting
Consuming more than 400 mg of caffeine per day may cause caffeine toxicity. Caffeine toxicity is typically characterized by headache, nausea, vomiting, chills, palpitations, and flushing (26).
Higher doses of caffeine may cause blood pressure to drop below normal levels (26). However, people who are sensitive to caffeine may show symptoms of caffeine intoxication at lower doses as well (26). There have also been reports of blood pressure shooting up at normal doses of green tea caffeine (26).
Researchers at the Monmouth Medical Center, USA, caution against the use of OTC caffeine pills taken with other nervous system stimulants. These caffeine pills or supplements contain higher doses of caffeine. Taking these may cause atrial fibrillation, and sometimes, even death (26), (27).
Note: Caffeine is used to treat migraines. Only a licensed physician has the authority to determine the dose and necessity of caffeine to treat migraines.
Bottom Line – Caffeine is toxic in higher doses and may cause headache, nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, flushing, and atrial fibrillation.
7. Caffeine In Green Tea May Impair Thyroid Function
Green tea catechins are known to reduce the risk of thyroid cancer. But excessive intake of green tea caffeine may impair thyroid function (28). In rat studies, daily caffeine intake of 120-150 mg/kg during pregnancy may cause the baby to lose weight (a case of maternal hyperthyroidism) (29).
A study conducted at the National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan, showed that green tea consumption might increase the risk of thyroid cancer in postmenopausal women. On the other hand, it may reduce the same risk in postmenopausal women (30).
Bottom Line – Green tea catechins in high doses may cause abnormal thyroid function.
8. Green Tea Caffeine May Cause Bone Weakness
The National Osteoporosis Foundation warns that excessive caffeine may prevent calcium absorption (31).
Both mice and human studies show that green tea extract (GTE) or higher green tea intake reduces bone accumulation rate, increases fracture risk, and reduces bone mineral density. It may also cause bone loss in the elderly (32), (33), (34), (35).
Note: There are several studies that show green tea flavonoids are highly beneficial for the bones. However, in this context, higher doses of green tea may harm bone growth and density.
Bottom Line – Excessive consumption of green tea or taking green tea extract pills or supplements may prevent bone growth and increase the risk of fractures.
9. Green Tea Caffeine May Cause Anxiety And Insomnia
While lower doses of green tea may help induce sleep and lower stress, higher doses can lead to insomnia and anxiety (36).
The caffeine present in green tea is a nervous system stimulant. Consuming more than 300 mg of caffeine per day may reduce sleep quality and cause insomnia, irritability, depression, anger, and anxiety (37), (38).
Bottom Line – Having a lot of green tea per day may increase anxiety and irritation. It may also cause insomnia and reduce the quality of sleep.
10. Green Tea May Prevent Blood Clotting
Warfarin is a common anti-blood-clotting drug administered to treat blood clots and reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke. Scientists have found that green tea caffeine blocks the action of Warfarin.
Research shows that caffeine inhibits the metabolism of Warfarin. So, people undergoing Warfarin treatment must avoid caffeine-rich products like green tea extracts or excessive amounts of green tea (39).
The vitamin K in green tea also inhibits Warfarin (12).
Bottom Line – Avoid consuming green tea if you are on Warfarin or any other anticoagulant drug treatment.
11. Too Much Of Green Tea May Cause Heartburn
Heartburn is a typical symptom of GERD (gastroesophageal disease). GERD is commonly known as acidity and is caused due to smoking, obesity, bad food habits, and excessive green tea consumption.
Japanese scientists found that an inactive or sedentary lifestyle, along with an excessive intake of green tea regularly, might increase the risk of GERD (40). Another study conducted on the Asian populations found that a component of tea, theophylline, might cause acid reflux (41).
Drinking excessive amounts of green tea is linked to AEE (Asymptomatic erosive esophagitis), a subclass of acid reflux. The incidence of AEE is 3.8 times higher in people who drink tea and also consume alcohol (42).
Bottom Line – A sedentary lifestyle and bad food habits, coupled with excessive green tea consumption, may cause heartburn and acidity.
12. Green Tea Caffeine May Cause Stomach Upset And Pain
The International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders reiterates that caffeine possesses laxative properties. Consuming more than 3 cups of green tea per day may cause diarrhea (43).
In fact, green tea extract containing high doses of caffeine may cause abdominal pain, jaundice, and dark urine (44).
Bottom Line – Consuming more than 3 cups of green tea daily may cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and dark urine.
13. Green Tea Caffeine May Cause Frequent Urination
No, it's not the extra water that you consume. It's the caffeine in green tea.
Too much green tea caffeine (more than 4.5 mg per kg) per day causes early urgency of urination and even increases its frequency (45). The diuretic effect of caffeine affects bladder function by increasing neuronal activation (46).
Note: Lower doses of green tea may help reduce urinary diseases.
Bottom Line – Excessive doses of green tea caffeine may increase urination frequency.
14. Green Tea May Cause Infertility In Men
Green tea polyphenols have therapeutic properties. But, in higher doses, these may cause infertility in men.
Scientists found that 10 mg/ml of green tea reduced the reproductive output in Drosophila melanogaster (the common fruit fly)(47).
In a study, male albino rats were administered green tea leaf extract for 26 days. After the 26th day, sperm production, sperm motility, and testosterone levels in the rats were reduced (48).
Excessive caffeine may damage sperm DNA and negatively affect the male reproductive system (49).
Bottom Line – Drinking green tea excessively may damage the male reproductive system, leading to infertility.
15. Drinking Green Tea May Stain Teeth
Drinking green tea after a teeth bleaching treatment causes teeth staining (50). Though there is no research directly linking green tea intake to stained teeth, anecdotal evidence suggests so.
Bottom Line – Green tea stains teeth. After a bleaching treatment, it is best to avoid green tea for a few days.
These are the 15 green tea side effects backed by science. So, if green tea is dangerous in higher doses, what's the ideal dose? Find out in the next section.
It is best to limit your green tea consumption to 2-3 cups per day. Also, do not exceed the 200 – 300 mg/ml caffeine intake. You may consume decaffeinated green tea but stick to the standard dosage of 2-3 cups of green tea per day.
Studies suggest that 338 mg of EGCG per day could be safe for most adults (51).
Tip: To know how much green tea caffeine or EGCG you are consuming per cup, check the nutrition label.
Some people should avoid green tea. The following section will tell you who.
Avoid drinking green tea if (52):
you are pregnant.
you are on Warfarin treatment (or are taking any other medication).
you are experiencing abdominal issues.
you have compromised bladder control/high risk of bladder cancer
you are planning to sleep within an hour.
Note: Talk to your doctor to know if you should stop consuming green tea altogether or if you can consume it in low doses.
Is it okay to drink black tea instead of green tea? Find the answer in the next section.
Green tea and black tea are from the same plant, Camellia sinensis. But green tea is less processed than black tea. This makes all the difference:
Green tea has more antioxidants than black tea.
Black tea contains more caffeine.
Both teas have health benefits. But if you are caffeine sensitive, it is best to consume green tea or matcha tea in limited amounts (and totally avoid black tea).
In case you are not allowed to drink even matcha tea, we have a list of green tea substitutes.
Green Tea Substitutes
Lemon water
Ginger and cinnamon tea
Spearmint tea
Extensive research states the beneficial effects of green tea. Due to the same reason, it could also be easy for one to consume it in excess. Excess green tea intake can lead to undesirable effects.
Green tea is not recommended for some individuals, including pregnant and breastfeeding women, those with high blood pressure, insomnia, etc.
If you want to consume green tea but are not sure, talk to your doctor. Discussing your medical history with them can help.
Does green tea have any side effects for skin or hair?
There is no research stating that green tea may adversely affect skin or hair. However, if you experience any such side effects, please stop use and consult your doctor.
52 sources
Stylecraze has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.
Health-promoting effects of green tea, Proceedings of the Japan Academy, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Beneficial Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Molecules, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
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https://www.who.int/vmnis/anaemia/prevalence/summary/anaemia_data_status_t2/en/
Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in the 21st century, Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterolgy, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Anemia, Iron Deficiency, National Center for Biotechnology Information.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448065/
Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Inhibition of Myeloperoxidase and Its Counter-Regulation by Dietary Iron and Lipocalin 2 in Murine Model of Gut Inflammation, The American Journal of Pathology.
https://ajp.amjpathol.org/article/S0002-9440(16)00009-2/fulltext
Iron deficiency anemia due to excessive green tea drinking, Clinical Case Reports, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Ciprofloxacin-caffeine: a drug interaction established using in vivo and in vitro investigations, The American Journal of Medicine, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions between dietary caffeine and medications, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
The high concentration of epigallocatechin-3-gallate increased the incidences of arrhythmia and diastolic dysfunction via β2-adrenoceptor, Journal of Food Science, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Effect of caffeine on clozapine pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Probable antagonism of warfarin by green tea, The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Antenatal coffee and tea consumption and the effect on the birth outcome and hypertensive pregnancy disorders, PLoS One, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Influence of Green and Black Tea on Folic Acid Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Volunteers: Potential Risk of Diminished Folic Acid Bioavailability, Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition, Wiley Online Library.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bdd.617
Association Between Serum Folate Levels and Caffeinated Beverage Consumption in Pregnant Women in Chiba: The Japan Environment and Children's Study, Journal of Epidemiology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Maternal Tea Consumption during Early Pregnancy and the Risk of Spina Bifida, Birth Defects Research, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Maternal tea consumption and the risk of preterm delivery in urban China: a birth cohort study, BMC Public Health, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
The green tea polyphenol EGCG alleviates maternal diabetes–induced neural tube defects by inhibiting DNA hypermethylation, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Hypokalaemia and drinking green tea: a literature review and report of 2 cases, BMJ Case Reports, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
A case of hypokalemic myopathy induced by excessive drinking of a beverage containing green tea extract, Clinical Neurology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Proconvulsive effect of tea (Camellia sinensis) in mice, Phytotherapy Research, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Caffeinated beverages and decreased seizure control, European Journal of Epilepsy.
https://www.seizure-journal.com/article/S1059-1311(03)00048-7/fulltext
Caffeine and seizures: A systematic review and quantitative analysis, Epilepsy & Behavior, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Caffeine and the anticonvulsant potency of antiepileptic drugs: experimental and clinical data, Pharmacological Reports, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
GREEN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS), National Institutes of Health.
https://livertox.nih.gov/GreenTea.htm
The clinical toxicology of caffeine: A review and case study, Toxicology Reports, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Atrial Fibrillation Due to Over The Counter Stimulant Drugs in A Young Adult, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Various Possible Toxicants Involved in Thyroid Dysfunction, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Gestational caffeine exposure acts as a fetal thyroid-cytokine disruptor by activating caspase-3/BAX/Bcl-2/Cox2/NF-κB at ED 20, Toxicology Research, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/tx/c8tx00227d#!divAbstract
Green tea and coffee consumption and its association with thyroid cancer risk: a population-based cohort study in Japan, Cancer Causes & Control, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Food and Your Bones — Osteoporosis Nutrition Guidelines, National Osteoporosis Foundation.
https://www.nof.org/patients/treatment/nutrition/
Consumption of Green Tea Extract Results in Osteopenia in Growing Male Mice, The Journal of Nutrition, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Bone mineral density, polyphenols and caffeine: a reassessment, Cambridge University Press.
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/nutrition-research-reviews/article/bone-mineral-density-polyphenols-and-caffeine-a-reassessment/4E81F4BA574543B085BFCAA49691AAD6
Is caffeine consumption a risk factor for osteoporosis?, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Acute effects of tea constituents L-theanine, caffeine, and epigallocatechin gallate on cognitive function and mood: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Nutrition Reviews, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
A systematic review of the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy adults, pregnant women, adolescents, and children, Food and Chemical Toxicology, ScienceDirect.
Caffeine Consumption and Sleep Quality in Australian Adults, Nutrients, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Effect of caffeine on the anti-clotting activity of warfarin in healthy male albino rabbits, Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Lifestyle Change Influences on GERD in Japan: A Study of Participants in a Health Examination Program, Digestive Diseases and Sciences, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Association between tea consumption and gastroesophageal reflux disease, Medicine, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Alcohol and tea consumption are associated with asymptomatic erosive esophagitis in Taiwanese men, PloS One, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Review on green tea constituents and its negative effects, The Pharma Journal.
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Green Tea, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.
https://nccih.nih.gov/health/greentea#hed4
Effect of caffeine on bladder function in patients with overactive bladder symptoms, Urology Annals, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Caffeine enhances micturition through neuronal activation in micturition centres, Spandidos Publications.
https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2014.2646
The impact of green tea polyphenols on development and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster, Journal of Functional Foods, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Effect of green tea (Camellia Sinensis l.) leaf extract on the reproductive system of adult male albino rats, International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Coffee and caffeine intake and male infertility: a systematic review, Nutrition Journal, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
The effect of different drinks on tooth colour after home bleaching, European Journal of Dentistry, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
The safety of green tea and green tea extract consumption in adults – Results of a systematic review, Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
Probable benefits of green tea with genetic implications, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
13 Health Benefits Of Drinking Green Tea
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Charushila Biswas
Charushila Biswas is a Senior Content Writer and an ISSA Certified Specialist in Fitness & Nutrition. She is an alumni of VIT University, Vellore and has worked on transgenic wheat as a part of her Masters dissertation from NRCPB (IARI), New Delhi. After completing her Masters, she developed a passion for nutrition and fitness, which are closely related to human psychology. This prompted her to author a review article in 2015. She has written over 200 articles on Fitness and Nutrition. In her leisure time, Charushila loves to cook and enjoys mobile photography.
अखरोट के फायदे, उपयोग और नुकसान - All About Walnut (Akhrot) in Hindi
10 Amazing Benefits Of Lemon Verbena Soap
Goat Milk: Health Benefits And Why It Could Be Better Than Cow Milk
10 Amazing Health Benefits Of Sorghum (Jowar)
14 Amazing Health Benefits Of Nectarines
6 Unexpected Side Effects Of Mulberry
19 Best Benefits Of Lime Water (Nimbu Pani) For Skin, Hair And Health
38 Benefits Of Lime For Skin, Hair, And Health
11 Amazing Health Benefits Of Sweet Potato Juice
11 Health Benefits And Uses Of Castor Oil
Coconut Oil Side Effects: High Cholesterol, Diarrhea, And More
Apple Cider Vinegar: 8 Possible Side Effects And Dosage
Do Purple Potatoes Grow Naturally? Are They Good For You?
StyleCraze believes in credibility and giving our readers access to authentic and evidence-based content. Every article goes through multiple reviews to ensure this.
Our stringent editorial guidelines allow us to cite only from reputed research institutions, academic journals, medically established studies, and highly regarded media and news agencies. If there is any lack of sufficient evidence, we make sure we mention it.
If you discover any discrepancy in our content, we welcome you to write to us. Your feedback helps us serve you better and maintain a long-term relationship with the most important people in our business – you.


text:
require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../test_helper'

class AffectTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
  fixtures [:enterprises, :users, :areas, :perspectives, :periods, :objectives]

  def test_invalid_with_blank_attributes
    affect = Affect.new
    assert !affect.valid?
    assert affect.errors.invalid?(:affects)
    assert affect.errors.invalid?(:affecting)
    assert affect.errors.invalid?(:is_affected)
    assert affect.errors.invalid?(:affected)
  end

  def test_invalid_with_inexistent_objectives
    affect = Affect.new
    affect.affects = 50000
    affect.is_affected = 50000
    affect.save
    assert !affect.errors.invalid?(:affects)
    assert affect.errors.invalid?(:affecting)
    assert !affect.errors.invalid?(:is_affected)
    assert affect.errors.invalid?(:affected)
  end

  def test_invalid_with_duplicated_objectives
    affecttt = Affect.new
    affecttt.affecting = objectives(:foo)
    affecttt.affected = objectives(:bar)
    affecttt.save
    affect = Affect.new
    affect.affecting = objectives(:foo)
    affect.affected = objectives(:bar)
    assert !affect.errors.invalid?(:affects)
    assert !affect.errors.invalid?(:affecting)
    assert !affect.errors.invalid?(:is_affected)
    assert !affect.errors.invalid?(:affected)
  end

  def test_valid_affect
    affect = Affect.new
    affect.affecting = objectives(:foo)
    affect.affected = objectives(:bar)
    affect.save
    assert affect.valid?
    assert affect.save
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Adams & Adams Attorneys | News & Insights | Intellectual Property | SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER RELATIONSHIPS COME UNDER FURTHER SCRUTINY
SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER RELATIONSHIPS COME UNDER FURTHER SCRUTINY
Posted on 19 September 2017 by Mark Beckman
In April this year, we wrote about the phenomenon of the social media influencer – usually a celebrity or person with a large social media following who is paid to mention certain products and services, either in money or in kind. We postulated the legal ramifications of this modern form of advertising for brand owners, both internationally and in South Africa.
The obligations on influencers and marketers, in the USA at least, are contained in the USA's Federal Trade Commission (FTC)'s very specific guidelines which state that any material connection between an advertiser and endorser must be disclosed in a clear and conspicuous manner.
The issue is one which remains in the spotlight and the FTC has since reported having addressed head-on certain non-compliant social media posts, as well as posts where the FTC was unsure as to whether any relationship existed and ought to have been disclosed.
In a press release earlier this year, the FTC stated that "After reviewing numerous Instagram posts by celebrities, athletes, and other influencers, Federal Trade Commission staff recently sent out more than 90 letters reminding influencers and marketers that influencers should clearly and conspicuously disclose their relationships to brands when promoting or endorsing products through social media."
The FTC's letters reminded influencers and marketers that a "material connection" between an endorser and an advertiser is a connection that might affect the weight or credibility that consumers give the endorsement and that this could include a relationship, sponsorship, payment or provision of free products.
The FTC has also seemingly become more specific with what is required to comply with the guidelines: "In addition to providing background information on when and how marketers and influencers should disclose a material connection in an advertisement, the letters each addressed one point specific to Instagram posts — consumers viewing Instagram posts on mobile devices typically see only the first three lines of a longer post unless they click "more," which many may not do. The staff's letters informed recipients that when making endorsements on Instagram, they should disclose any material connection above the "more" button.
The letters also noted that when multiple tags, hashtags, or links are used, readers may just skip over them, especially when they appear at the end of a long post – meaning that a disclosure placed in such a string is not likely to be conspicuous. Some of the letters addressed particular disclosures that are not sufficiently clear, pointing out that many consumers will not understand a disclosure like "#sp," "Thanks [Brand]," or "#partner" in an Instagram post to mean that the post is sponsored."In our April article, we had expressed doubt that Kim Kardashian's use of "Thank you @jetluxlife!!!" in an Instagram post would comply with the guidelines and it appears that the FTC agrees. The FTC has declined to publish the names of the persons who received its letters so we will never know whether Ms Kardashian received her proverbial rap over the knuckles. Her more recent Instagram posts appear to comply with FTC guidelines which seems to indicate that she did:
The FTC has apparently sent follow-up letters to 21 of the original 90 contacted and, earlier this month, it reported that it had settled its first-ever formal complaint against two social media influencers Trevor "TmarTn" Martin and Thomas "Syndicate" Cassell who are widely followed in the online gaming community and who were charged with deceptively endorsing the online gambling service CSGO Lotto, while failing to disclose that they jointly owned the company. They also allegedly paid other well-known influencers thousands of dollars to promote the site on YouTube, Twitch, Twitter, and Facebook, without requiring them to disclose the payments in their social media posts.
The FTC has also updated its guidelines and has become even more specific in its advice to brands and influencers. For example, it advises that tagging a brand in an Instagram picture is an endorsement of the brand and requires an appropriate disclosure. The new information covers a range of topics, including Instagram and Snapchat disclosures, obligations of foreign influencers, disclosure of free travel, whether a disclosure must be at the beginning of a post, and the adequacy of various disclosures like "#ambassador."
So what does this mean for South African marketers and social media influencers? Not much as it remains the case that our Advertising Standards Authority has not turned its specific attention to this issue. If you have been following the latest developments, it is understandable that the ASA has had other, more pressing issues to deal with. However, as mentioned in our April article, failing to disclose that a social media post is, in fact, sponsored in some way, would likely fall foul of both the ASA Code and Consumer Protection Act.
The bottom line remains that a social media post should not mislead a consumer to think that a celebrity or influencer is giving an unbiased testimonial when, in fact, they have an interest in supporting a brand – and that requires a clear disclosure of the relationship.
Kelly Thompson | Partner
Trade Mark Attorney
BRANDS & SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS | ARE YOU AT RISK?
I TWEET WHAT I LIKE
The events surrounding the controversial racial remarks published on the personal social media accounts of…
THERE'S THIS LAWYER | JAC MARAIS
This entry was posted in Insights, Intellectual Property, Legal News, News & Insights by Mark Beckman. Bookmark the permalink.
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'The Fear' DVD Review
by Paul Metcalf
Stars: Felissa Rose, Jonathan Tiersten, John Philbin, Dustin Stevens, Monique Parent, Andrea Vahl, William A. Robertson, Kris Smith, Timothy Dugan, Alex Markousis, Holly Greene | Written by Kris Hulbert | Directed by Randy Kent, Kris Hulbert
Everybody wants to buy the perfect house right? The house that seems just right for what you need. What would you do if the basement had hidden secrets, like a history if bloody gory murder would you still want it?
The Fear (aka The Perfect House) is something we've been lacking for a while. A good anthology of horror, no ghosts though just good old fashioned gore all interwoven into a story about a house for sale. As a realtor shows a couple around a house we learn the three stories of what have gone on in and around the basement.
The first is of a family hiding from a storm outside. They include a psychopathic mother, a father sharing a bit too much love with his daughter, the daughter constantly bullied by her jealous mother and a son who seems to be just a little out there. As the mother rants and raves at anything that moves the tension builds within the basement till a gory climax. For me this was an interesting little tale as it built up the characters and we saw events through the eyes of each of them, giving us unique perspectives on what has been going on in the house and just how dysfunctional this family is. The resultant outburst of violence is nicely visualised to the watcher and adds to the atmosphere. I found it quite intelligent in the way it was told and of course the gore was more than welcome.
The second and my favourite story was that of a serial killer and his victims. He holds two people in separate cages, the twist is that one is to die and one has to be the voyeur, and she's been watching for so long she just wishes it was her dying. This story is pure sadism as the serial killer literally tortures his victims to the point where they are begging him to just kill them. Of course he won't give in that simply and he's almost disappointed if they die so soon. What really struck me from this story though was the wittiness of the script and how well-crafted it was. The continual arguments the voyeur has with the killer and her continual advice she gives to the actual victims is quite amusing, and you really do get the feeling that she's seen it all before. Then ending to the tale is also nicely twisted and it provides one of the more positive ends to the tales.
The third story actually starts at the beginning of the movie but is completed at the end to finalise the basements history. A family are invited around to the house to find themselves trapped in the basement all over an argument about a weed wacker. This leads to the dissection of what is apparently a perfect little family as we see the true side of them and how selfish they are. Again I liked how sadistic and well thought out this story was, although you do feel sorrier for the family in this story, where as in the previous story you felt little for the victims and just enjoyed the sadism witnessed. Or at least I did anyway but that may be that I'm a bit of a sadist at heart maybe, who knows.
Sometimes with independent movies the acting can let it down; with this movie though there is no need to do that. The acting was never poor, and especially in the second tale the actors were driving the story so had to be strong. I'm happy to say they were. As this was my favourite of all I would have been disappointed if they could not live up to the story and script they had been provided and I'm glad to say they did it justice.
So yes, would I recommend The Fear? Hell yes I would. I will point out that it may not be to everybody's taste as the level of sadism shown in the killings is surprisingly high and goes to levels which many mainstream Hollywood horrors won't go to. To many horror fans like me though this is welcome as we gore hounds need a little sadism in our movie diet. I think it's fair to say that this movie gives movies like Hostel a run for their money in the gore stakes but actually manages to pull together much stronger and interesting stories instead of just trying to be a highlight reel for gore.
The Fear is released on DVD on November 10th, courtesy of 101 Films.
Review originally posted on PissedOffGeek
Category : Movies, Reviews
Tags : 101 Films, Alex Markousis, Andrea Vahl, Dustin Stevens, DVD, Felissa Rose, Holly Greene, John Philbin, Jonathan Tiersten, Kris Hulbert, Kris Smith, Monique Parent, Randy Kent, Review, The Fear, The Perfect House, Timothy Dugan, William A. Robertson


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Tag: UN
Two-day Millets Conclave at Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh brings all stakeholders together
The event witnessed the presence of micro food processing enterprises, self-help groups (SHGs), farmer producer organisations (FPOs), producer cooperatives A Millets Conclave was held in Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh on 22-23 January, 2023, inaugurated by Kolagatla
Japan provides $130 M to tackle deepening global hunger crisis
Japan has consistently been one of World Food Programme's top donors The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) has announced a contribution of around $130 million from the Government of Japan to support vulnerable people
Gudmom by 1Organic to be at forefront of Millet revolution in India
New age Mother-Son milletpreneurs are promoting and taking the International year of Millets (IYoM) 2023 to new heights A millet-based ready-to-cook and ready-to-serve food range, Gudmom by 1Organic, is set to be the Indian face
Korea establishes food consortium for UN Organisations and WFP procurement
Korean companies to recognise their possibilities to enter the UN procurement markets for the near future Under the Fortified Food Project funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), for the purposes
2023 Looks Promising for Indian Millets
India is poised to become the global hub for millets with a production of more than 170 lakh tonnes which makes for more than 80 per cent of the millets produced in Asia. The earliest
West and Central Africa face another year of record hunger
With thousands experiencing catastrophic levels of food insecurity In a joint statement at the annual meeting of the Network for the Prevention of Food Crisis in West Africa (RPCA) in Lomé (Togo), the Food and
Goyal calls for exploration of newer international and domestic markets for millets
India must strive to become the global capital of millets: Piyush Goyal Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution and Textiles, Piyush Goyal said that India must strive to become


It may seem natural for people who are getting a divorce to rejoin the dating world. While it may seem like a perfectly normal thing to do, there could be legal issues that come with dating before a divorce. The professionals at SouthparkFamilyLaw.com are ready to assist you in making valuable decisions.


Offshore injuries and accidents have been a way of life in Louisiana for as long as there has been an oil industry. In the maritime industry, there are many different settings in which people work, and all have inherent risks that can lead to accidents, injuries, and even fatalities. Accidents on vessels in the open sea that involve serious or fatal injuries or property damage are commonly referred to as offshore accidents. The causes of these accidents are without measure — it could be that someone fell on a slippery deck, a piece of equipment failed, or even a fire caused a massive explosion. Maritime accidents are often more devastating than accidents in other occupations. This is due to a few factors. Many offshore accidents occur a long distance from the nearest aid. Working long hours doing tasks that require skill and training takes patience and determination. The lag time between injury and help arriving creates far worse consequences. Another reason is that maritime workers often deal with dangerous machinery in severe weather, increasing the chances of a terrible accident.
Some of the main known types of maritime accidents include offshore oil rig accidents, cruise ship mishaps, commercial fishing accidents, tugboat accidents, oil tanker, and cargo ship accidents, grounding of ships, accidents due to drugs and alcohol, crane mishaps, accidents on diving support vessels, and shipyard accidents. It can be seen from the previously mentioned types of offshore and maritime accidents, that mistakes on the part of workers and operators play a major role in the accidents caused. However, to find out what was the actual cause of the marine accident, a maritime accident investigation is necessary. The Law Offices of Tony Morrow can assist in these areas and help the injured to claim their rightful due with absolute clarity.
Offshore oil rigs constitute a great danger in terms of their heavy machinery and the complexities of the processes involved. Even a minor error can lead to enormous consequences across the world. If you have been injured in an offshore accident, you have rights to compensation according to maritime law. Contact the Law Offices of Tony Morrow to help you through this difficult time.


For the most part, we are quite pleased with the Cohen Home. There are a couple of things that have bothered/concerned us, however.
1. For the price, I would have thought that the folks working there would have been a bit more responsive to our questions and/or concerns, particularly with the environment in my parents apartment. It s almost always hot, at times unbearably hot, in there, for starters. There were issues with cleaning/refreshing the apartment (carpets, counters, dusting, vacuuming, etc., to name a few).
2. The only other concerns we have had relate to communications by them and with us. Those early issues have been dealt with.
The community is outstanding. The staff is very nice and caring. I wish they had more communication The menu is wonderful and a nice. I like knowing that she is doing activities with the residents. We would recommend the care of this community to other families.
The Cohen Home is an assisted living facility with a long history of serving Atlanta. Started in 1979 by the National Council of Jewish Women, The Cohen Home (formerly The Louis Kahn Group Home in the Emory area) has been home for dozens of residents desiring assisted living with heart. Today, over 20 years later, we maintain our original commitment to providing an affordable, nurturing, home-like environment that promotes family, community, and Jewish values.
When you step through the doors of The Cohen Home, you'll know you're home. Located in a wooded residential neighborhorhood just minutes from Northpoint Mall, Northside Hospital Annex, Emory Johns Creek Hospital, and North Fulton Medical Center, we provide seniors with a nurturing and supportive Jewish environment.


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International Mother Language Day Celebration
Best Polytechnic Institute || Daffodil Technical Institute - International Mother Language Day Celebration
21 February, 2021 - 12:00am
21 February was declared to be the International Mother Language Day by UNESCO in 1999. It has been observed throughout the world since 21 February 2000. The declaration came up in tribute to the Language Movement done by the Bangladeshis (then the East Pakistanis).
When Pakistan was created in 1947, it had two geographically separate parts: East Pakistan (currently known as Bangladesh) and West Pakistan (currently known as Pakistan). The two parts were very different to each other in sense of culture, language, etc. The two parts were also separated by India in between.
In 1948, the then Government of Pakistan declared Urdu to be the sole national language of Pakistan even though Bengali or Bangla was spoken by the majority of people combining East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and West Pakistan (now Pakistan) The East Pakistan people protested, since the majority of the population was from East Pakistan and their mother language was Bangla. They demanded Bangla to be at least one of the national languages, in addition to Urdu. The demand was raised first by Dhirendranath Datta from East Pakistan on 23 February 1948, in the constituent Assembly of Pakistan.
To demolish the protest, the government of Pakistan outlawed public meeting and rallies. The students of the University of Dhaka, with the support of the general public, arranged massive rallies and meetings. On 21 February 1952, police opened fire on rallies. Salam, Barkat, Rafiq, Jabbar and Shafiur died, with hundreds of others injured. This is a rare incident in history, where people sacrificed their lives for their mother tongue.
Since then Bangladeshis celebrate the International Mother Language Day as one of their tragic days. They visit the Shaheed Minar, a monument built in memory of the martyrs and its replicas to express their deep sorrow, respect and gratefulness to them.
International Mother Language Day is a national holiday in Bangladesh. The resolution was suggested by Rafiqul Islam and Abdus Salam, Bengalis living in Vancouver, Canada. They wrote a letter to Kofi Annan on 9 January 1998 asking him to take a step for saving the world's languages from extinction by declaring an International Mother Language Day. Rafiq proposed the date as 21 February to commemorate the 1952 killings in Dhaka during the Language Movement."21st February – The International Mother Language Day".
EVENT INFO :
Start Date:21 February, 2021
Start Time:12:00am
End Date:21 February, 2021
End Time:11:59pm
Website:www.dti.ac


text:
J'Covan Brown on Israeli national anthem 'Hatikvah': "It's a racist song"
The Hapoel Tel Aviv basketball player spoke in an interview: "I feel one hundred percent Israeli, I want citizenship," "Tel Aviv is like Las Vegas." And also: the role model, the beginning of his journey and the fans
Four years ago, Jacob Brown came to Israel. After a year at Gilboa / Galil and three more at Hapoel Jerusalem, the point guard arrived at Hapoel Tel Aviv and in an interview with the team's official website he shared his feelings, told about the role model, life in Tel Aviv, the fans, his beginnings and also referred to the national anthem.
"Joaquin Schuchman taught me the words," Brown said on 'Hatikvah' ("the hope"). "I know that on the one hand it is a very Jewish song but on the other hand in my opinion it is also racist. It's a good song but we need other words, I think we need a song that includes everyone. " The guard expanded: "I am 100% Israeli, I am no longer American. I do not know who is responsible for this – but they should already give me a citizenship, say it to those who are in charge of it: I want Israeli citizenship."
The coordinator told about the previous cities where he lived in Israel: "Gilboa is reminiscent of the area where I grew up in the US – small, quiet and everyone knows everyone. You wake up there with the smell of cows, the smell of a farm in the air. When I moved to Jerusalem I realized everything is more religious. Tel Aviv is just like Las Vegas. There are big differences. I do not know where I would rather live, all I need is video games, my phone and basketball – if I have it I can live anywhere.
Before I got to the country my planning was to take a year off from basketball because of Hurricane Harvey that hit Texas, where I grew up. Basketball was not my top priority. When I decided to come here – the main motive was survival – I knew I needed to help my family financially. I was not afraid to come to Israel, no matter where you go to play, you can listen to what people tell you about the country, the team or the people but in the end you must go and experience it for yourself – because what is good or bad for others will not necessarily be so for you. "When I choose a team to go to, anywhere in the world, the only thing that matters to me is to know and hear opinions about the coach, that's the only thing that matters."
Brown described the environment in which he grew up and the road to basketball: "I grew up in Port Arthur, Texas, it's a 20-minute drive from Houston. I started acting at the age of 3. I saw the movie "White men can't jump", which is my favorite movie to this day, what I did following it was take potatoes from my grandmother, put a pot in and started throwing them away. Were angry because I was playing with food at home, but that's all I wanted to do. I said to my grandmother 'Grandma, I know I'm ruining your potatoes and messing up your house, but basketball will be my whole life one day. At the age of 12 I switched to playing football and it became the main thing in my life, Texas is a state of football, long before basketball, so that's what most kids do.
I was a good football player and towards the end of high school I started getting scholarship offers, at the age of 16 I had a few games in a row where I got a concussion and my mom told me 'Enough! "You finished with football." I immediately returned to basketball. "
The guard continued: "My father is my role model, it will always be him, above all. He taught me how to be a good and respectful person. I learned from him to treat every person and not ignore anyone, everyone deserves to be seen and when you treat someone – it can change their day. In my free time I watch basketball 24/7. When I was growing up I was not a fan of a team but of Kobe Bryant, Steve Nash and a few other great players. Then, my cousin, Stephen Jackson joined the NBA and I started following him. "I watch every possible basketball league: African, Greek, Turkish, Serbian, Italian – any country that throws, as long as I can find a broadcast of it – I see it."
The actor spoke about the crowd of the Reds from Tel Aviv: "I love them. In the end, you as a player, play first and foremost for the fans. When I first came to Drive In with Gilboa / Galil, the first thing I said was 'wow, I want to play for this audience every week'. Even when I played for the rivalry and the Hapoel crowd tried to drive me crazy, I appreciated them. It makes the game more fun. Luckily, I know how to fax myself during games. The biggest moment in your career? There is not a single moment I can choose. Every moment I play and throw the ball to the basket is a significant moment in my life. Whether losing or winning, the game itself is above all for me. You never know how much time you have left to play, so you have to enjoy every moment ".
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Cranfield University to explore opportunities for ex-servicewomen
The Cranfield School of Management has obtained a grant to better identify opportunities for women transitioning from the UK Armed Forces into civilian employment.
Official Event Partner: Cranfield University
New research indicates that ex-servicewomen are less likely to gain paid employment in comparison to their male counterparts, and are more likely to remain economically inactive. Now, academics from the Cranfield School of Management have been tasked with finding out why.
The Forces in Mind Trust, which supports ex-service personnel and their families as they acclimatise to civilian life, made the award of just under £100,000. The overriding aim is to understand why women leave the Armed Forces, identify what makes their outcomes different to those of their male equivalents, and advise how these differences might be addressed.
According to Emma Parry, Professor of Human Resource Management and Head of the School's Changing World of Work Group: "There is a lack of evidence about the employment outcomes for female Armed Forces leavers, but what data is available seems to suggest that women struggle more to obtain paid employment in civilian life. Through our research, we will endeavour to find out if this is the case, why it might be happening and what the Government, business and society can do about it.
"We are delighted to have been commissioned by the Forces in Mind Trust to carry out this important piece of work, and are looking forward to getting started."
Rather appropriately, the funding marks the Trust's 100th award and coincides with the centenary of women serving in the Armed Forces – a milestone to be celebrated over 2018.
The Cranfield School of Management – along with its research partner, the Institute for Employment Studies – was contracted to conduct the study following a competitive tender process. The study itself will explore outcomes for male and female personnel, and compare outcomes for female servicewomen to those women already in the labour market, considering such factors as employment, unemployment and rate of inactivity.
Ray Lock, Chief Executive of Forces in Mind Trust, added: "It's fantastic that, as we celebrate 100 years of women serving in the UK Armed Forces, our 100th grant award relates to gaining a better understanding of their outcomes post-service.
"Over the past five years, we have funded several pieces of research relating to employment outcomes – which can be a critical component of successful transition."
Cranfield University are event partners at Defence Procurement, Research, Technology & Exportability (DPRTE) 2018, which takes place at Cardiff's Motorpoint Arena on 27 March.
Don't miss out on this fantastic chance to attend, sponsor or exhibit at DPRTE 2018. Book now at www.dprte.co.uk/book-now.
The post Cranfield University to explore opportunities for ex-servicewomen appeared first on Defence Online.
Cyber Essentials – ISO, DEFCON 658 and other commonly asked questions
Lockheed Martin unveil Orlando expansion and hiring plans


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The militaries of Singapore and Australia, seen here in Exercise Trident.
Image Credit: MINDEF Singapore
Military Exercise Highlights Australia-Singapore Defense Relations
Both sides concluded the most recent iteration of their bilateral maritime drills last week.
By Prashanth Parameswaran for The Diplomat
Last week, Australia and Singapore concluded the latest iteration of a key maritime exercise. While the drills were just one of several engagements between the two sides, it nonetheless put the spotlight on the ongoing activity within the defense aspect of the relationship among both countries amid wider domestic and regional developments.
As I observed previously in these pages, Australia and Singapore have long maintained a security relationship as part of their wider ties, which were elevated to the level of a comprehensive strategic partnership back in 2013. Beyond the usual components of this aspect of relations such as exchanges and exercises, both countries are longstanding members of the Five Power Defense Arrangements (FPDA) — the oldest standing multilateral security agreement of its kind in the region — and Australia is among the key places where the Singapore military has conducted overseas training, which it considers critical for its development.
Over the past few years, both sides have made an effort to deepen ties even further in this domain, including expanding Singapore's military facilities in Australia, upgrading existing military exercises, broadening exchanges, and launching new dialogues (see: "The Enduring Strategic Logic of the New Australia-Singapore Military Training Deal").
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One of the manifestations of the exercise component of the defense relationship is Exercise Singaroo. Exercise Singaroo is a bilateral maritime warfare exercise conducted between the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) and the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Exercise Singaroo was first inaugurated by the two sides back in 1995.
From September 14 to September 25, the two sides held the 19th iteration of Exercise Singaroo. The exercise was held in Darwin, Australia and in what was officially characterized as the southern reaches of the South China Sea.
According to Singapore's defense ministry (MINDEF), during the exercise, the RSN participated with two Victory-class missile corvettes, RSS Valiant and RSS Vigour, embarked with ScanEagle unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), while the RAN deployed one Anzac-class frigate, HMAS Stuart, supported by replenishment oiler HMAS Sirius. The sea phase of the exercise included a range of activities including naval surface warfare serials, anti-air gunnery firings, communication exercises, and encounter exercises.
Exercise Singaroo is just one of several defense-related interactions between the two countries, and these are set to continue as well through the year, both in terms of bilateral ones as well as wider minilateral and multilateral ones. Nonetheless, as Australia-Singapore relations continue to develop amid broader domestic, regional, and global trends, the older aspects of defense ties will be important to watch in wider assessments of continuity and change.
Exercise Singaroo
Singapore Australia
Singapore Australia defense
Singapore Australia military
Singapore-Australia defense ties
Singapore-Australia relations
Defense Minister Introductory Visit Puts Singapore-Australia Security Ties in the Headlines
The interaction highlighted some of the ongoing activity between the two sides in the defense realm.
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The London Living Wage, as of 2014, is £8.80 an hour – this drops to £7.65 an hour outside of London. This is well ahead of the current National Minimum Wage at £6.31.
The Living Wage is not mandatory but employers make a pledge to pay the living wage as a minimum, often as part of corporate social responsibility policies. According to the Living Wage Foundation, more than 80% of employers believe the Living Wage had enhanced the quality of the work of their staff, with associated falls in absenteeism of 25%. A further 70% of employers felt the Living Wage had increased consumer awareness of their organisation's commitment to be an ethical employer.
The Living Wage Foundation offers an accreditation scheme to raise awareness of employers that have publicly committed to pay the Living Wage. Many of the country's biggest employers have been accredited, including Barclays, Deloitte, Nationwide and Transport for London. Employers accredited by the Living Wage Foundation have six months from when the new Living Wage is announced each year to implement the rise.


A new report has suggested the world will need to install solar PV at an average rate of 53GW a year from 2013-2020 as it transforms its energy mix to prevent dangerous climate change.
As reported here, global investment bank Citigroup has become the latest authoritative source to warn of the high cost – economic and environmental – of inaction on climate change action, and to tally the economic benefits of shifting to low-carbon energy, transport and industrial systems.
Energy markets – as the single biggest emitter of greenhouse gases – are, of course, a big focus. And according to Citi's 'action' scenario, we will need to add a lot of renewable energy to the global power mix if we are to avoid dangerous climate change – and a great deal of that will need to be solar PV.
"In comparison with our Citi 'Inaction' scenario, the carbon intensity of the electricity mix drops in our Citi 'Action' scenario from 0.54t (CO2e)/MWh to 0.25t (CO2e)/MWh due to the shift in electricity mix (Figure 69)," the Citi report, published on Tuesday, says.
Citi says that a key difference between its forecasts for renewables growth and those from the International Energy Agency (IEA) is the assumed penetration in the electricity mix. In the particular it says, in its Citi "Action" scenario, its forecasts for solar PV deviate significantly from the IEA's.
This is what Citi calls Energy Darwinism – as you can see in the charts below. It means that solar PV is going to get cheaper and cheaper – and with battery technology, more reliable – and beat out traditional energy sources, with or without policy help (although the latter is important out to 2030 if we want to get on top of that thing called climate).


Waiting is hard. We are more comfortable working. Try sitting with no cell phone, no computer, no talking, no texting. Just sit…..and wait.
It is hard! It is even harder during a time of crisis.
"All we can do now is wait" the doctor says, leaving you in a hospital bed with nothing to do. Earlier, when chest pain brought you here, a storm of activity surrounded you. Wires, monitors, a small pill under your tongue.
Now the pain is gone. The activity has subsided, and the storm has left your body and moved to your mind. You start to pray but you do not finish. You cant keep your focus. You find it hard to do nothing. To lie there. To wait.
Now is the time for a word. A word that goes beyond the counsel of a doctor. A word that only God can provide.
God gave such a word to his prophet Isaiah. Isaiah saw a future crisis. God's people would be victims of war, witnesses to death and destruction, exiles, journeying 900 miles from home, living without temple, with out sacrifices, without a king, without a kingdom. But one thing they would not be without was their God. God gave them a word. A word for waiting.
"They who wait on the Lord…." Isaiah said, and his words gave the people hope. The Lord was at work, shaping their future.
Waiting is never easy. But remember one thing. When there is nothing you can do, it doesn't mean that nothing can be done. You have a God who is watching and working for you.
Before the world was created, God knew you. Before you were born, God sent Jesus to die and rise, bringing life and forgiveness to you. And his work is not finished. "Wait for him", Isaiah says. Though you don't see it, he is working. For you.
Do you want to grow more mature as a Christian? Is there some work of God for which you can wait?
Meditate on these words of Isaiah. They offer you hope. Though you may not see it, God is working for you.


These homemade Cinnamon Apple Biscuits will fill your home with the fragrance of fall. Each bite is filled with apple cinnamon pieces making them the perfect autumn recipe for breakfast, brunch, or even dessert!
I know that for most people summer doesn't end until Labor Day & that fall doesn't technically start until the end of September, but for me personally, fall begins on the first day of August.
And I wanted to have a new fall recipe ready & waiting for you on the first Monday of August.
So I started enjoying fall a litter earlier this year in preparation for today's recipe.
It was so fun to get a little taste of fall baking at the end of July & I know Roger didn't mind!
I've planned all sorts of delicious fall recipes planned for this year, & unfortunately, I have so many autumn recipe ideas that I will just have to wait until next year to share them all because fall is just not long enough!
So if you want to be sure that you don't miss out on any fun fall treats be sure to subscribe to my newsletter below.
I have all sorts of sweet & savory fall recipes coming your way & they are going to be incredibly delicious!
My mouth is watering just thinking about all of the fall baking that is about to take place in our home & hopefully yours too!
So before I run off to do some more fall baking let's talk about these Cinnamon Apple Biscuits!
These fall biscuits are packed full of apple cinnamon flavor delivered in a soft buttermilk biscuit that melts in your mouth.
My favorite part about these super easy to make & bake biscuits is the icing drizzle on top, I think it makes them taste extra special & delicious!
And bonus, your home will smell amazing!
First, preheat your oven to 425 degrees Fahrenheit & line a baking sheet with parchment paper (or foil with spray oil).
In a medium gently mix together the diced apples, 1 teaspoon cinnamon, 2 tablespoons brown sugar, & 3 tablespoons flour. Set to the side.
Place all of the dry ingredients in a food processor (*1) & give it a pulse so that the dry ingredients are evenly dispersed.
Cut the butter into thin slices (about 1/3 tablespoon) & place them in the food processors with the dry ingredients.
Pulse until the butter is evenly dispersed & has a crumb-like consistency.
Pour the dry ingredients into a bowl, fold in the cinnamon apples, & add the buttermilk, stirring until combined.
Place the dough onto a well-floured surface & use your hands to gently work the dough into a rectangular shape.
With floured hands, fold the dough in half, incorporating any crumbs, & work back into a rectangular shape.
Once you have the desired number of layers create a rectangular shape with your hands that is approximately 1 & 1/2 inch thick.
Bake for 13-15 minutes until lightly golden brown.
While the Cinnamon Apple Biscuits are baking whisk together the 3/4 cup powdered sugar, 1/4 teaspoon vanilla extract, & 1 tablespoon half & half. Set to the side.
*1. If you don't have a food processor you can place the ingredients in a large bowl & grate the butter into the dry ingredients.
*2. The more you fold the dough the more layers you will have, just be sure you don't overwork the dough so that it will stay light & fluffy.
*3. Normally I just cut them into squares so there aren't any scraps, but to make them pretty I used a biscuit cutter.
*4. For crusty sides place the biscuits 1 inch apart.
*5. Save any leftovers in a loosely sealed container. Reheat in your oven or microwave for ultimate flavor & enjoyment.
What is your favorite type of biscuits?
Thank you, Kay! I hope you get a chance to enjoy them this fall!


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Home | Air Force | Who is the highest ranking Air Force officer?
Who is the highest ranking Air Force officer?
Who is the lowest ranked Air Force officer
What is the best job in the Air Force
What is the best officer job in the military
Who has the number 1 Air Force
Is an Air Force captain a high rank
Is Air Force harder than Navy
Do all Air Force officers fly
What rank should you be after 20 years in the Air Force
What is the hardest Air Force job
Who gets paid more Army or Air Force?
What is highest salary of Air Force?
Which military pays the most
What military rank pays most
What is the highest paid military
Who is the only six star general
What are the Air Force officer ranks in order?
What are the Air Force ranks in order
Are there any 5 star generals
What country has the best pilots?
Who is the best air fighter in the world
What is Air Force captain salary
Do Air Force pilots make good money
Is Air Force a TOPGUN
Is the Air Force better than Army
Is Air Force harder than Army
Do Air Force officers go to war
How old are Air Force pilots
At what rank do pilots stop flying
What is Max age for Air Force
How long can I stay in Air Force
What do you get after 4 years in the Air Force
Charles Q. Brown, Jr. is Chief of Staff of the Air Force. As Chief, he serves as the senior uniformed Air Force officer responsible for the organization, training and equipping of 685,000 active-duty, Guard, Reserve and civilian forces serving in the U.S. and overseas.
It is the very best rank among junior commissioned officials. Aircraftman: this is the lowest of all ranks in the Indian Air Force.
Air Force pilot.
Public affairs officer.
Aircraft maintenance engineer.
Security forces.
Air Force Logistics Planners.
Military Intelligence.
Air Force special reconnaissance.
Army EOD Officer.
Army Air Defense Artillery personnel at work.
Army Special Forces Officer at Fort Bragg, NC.
Army CBRN personnel during a training event.
Army Military Intelligence Officer at work.
Army Transportation Officer and Transportation Unit.
The United States of America maintains the strongest Air Force in the world by an impressive margin. As of late 2021, the United States Air Force (USAF) is composed of 5217 active aircraft, making it the largest, the most technologically advanced, and the most powerful air fleet in the world.
Captain is the 19th rank in the United States Air Force , ranking above First Lieutenant and directly below Major. A captain is a Commissioned Officer at DoD paygrade O-3, with a starting monthly pay of $4,637.
Some argue that because the Navy requires trainees to swim, that the Navy's boot camp is harder while others argue that since the Air Force's basic training is longer, that it can be considered harder. It's a toss-up. It's really up to the individual to decide what training, Navy vs Air Force, is hardest.
No! The Air Force focuses on flying, but only a small fraction of personnel actually fly. Most airmen and airwomen work on flight support missions, handle base affairs, protect bases, construct new airstrips, guard missile sites and even do rescues.
See also Does the Canadian Navy have fighter pilots?
Senior Master Sergeant (E-8)
The average servicewide, active-duty time for advancement to the rank of senior master sergeant is more than 20 years. Moving up the Air Force Ranks: Because public law allows only 2% of the enlisted workforce to be in the grades of E8, the SMSgt promotion system is highly competitive.
The Airmen who make up Air Force Special Warfare are the most specialized warriors on the planet. They are the ones other special forces look to when the mission calls for their unique skills and fearless commitment.
The U.S. Air Force salary per month is the same as the U.S. Army. Pay in each of the five American military services (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines and Coast Guard) is based on a combination of rank (pay grade) and time in service.
What is the highest salary in Indian Air Force? The highest-paying job at Indian Air Force is a Chief Engineer with a salary of ₹33.2 Lakhs per year. The top 10% of employees earn more than ₹20.09 lakhs per year. The top 1% earn more than a whopping ₹36 lakhs per year.
Aircraft Launch and Recovery Officers.
Armored Assault Vehicle Officers.
Artillery and Missile Officers.
Command and Control Center Officers.
Infantry Officers.
Special Forces Officers.
Military Officer Special and Tactical Operations Leaders.
Medical, Pharmacy, and Dental Services.
O-9: $203,688. Military officer pay is regulated and limited by US Code. Both three- and four-star admirals and generals who stay in the service long enough will receive the maximum compensation allowed by the code. These ranks are vice admiral for the Navy and lieutenant general for the other branches.
The highest-paid military job is a general or admiral. Generals and admirals average approximately $197,000 regardless of the branch of the military. These high-paying salaries are quite plush compared to the roughly $20,000 a year that a private earns.
So yes, there is an equivalent of a six-star general rank on the books in the US Military, but it has only been given to two people in history: John J. Pershing and George Washington, Generals of the Armies of the United States of America.
Second Lieutenant (2nd Lt)(O1) The rank of second lieutenant is shown through a single gold bar.
First Lieutenant (1st Lt)(O2)
Captain (Capt)(O3)
Major (Maj)(O4)
Lieutenant Colonel (Lt Col)(O5)
Colonel (Col)(O6)
Brigadier General (Brig Gen)(O7)
Major General (Maj Gen)(O8)
Airman basic (E-1, pay grade) Classification: Enlisted airmen.
Airman (E-2) Classification: Enlisted airmen.
Airman first class (E-3)
Senior airman (E-4)
Staff sergeant (E-5)
Technical sergeant (E-6)
Master sergeant (E-7)
Five men have held the rank of General of the Army (five star), George C. Marshall, Douglas MacArthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar Bradley, and Henry H. Arnold, who later became the only five-star general in the Air Force.
See also Who is in charge of the Air Force?
Greek pilots are frequently voted by their NATO counterparts as being the best in the world.
So, there is no denying that the F-35 is currently the most advanced fighter jet in the world.
Air Force Captain Pay
Including the most common pay allowances, the average total compensation for a Captain may range from $81,622.54 to $116,506.54 per year as of 2023.
Seeing as the average yearly military pilot salary is between $80,000 and $85,000, the monthly pay falls between $6,600 and $7,100. That means that most military pilots fall somewhere between ranks O-1 and O-5, depending on how many years they've been in the service.
The United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program (SFTI program), more popularly known as Top Gun (stylized as TOPGUN), is an American military program that teaches fighter and strike tactics and techniques to selected naval aviators and naval flight officers, who return to their operating units as
If you prefer a job that sees more combat, though, the Army may be the right choice for you. If you have more interest in technology, you'll find more opportunities in the Air Force. But there are ample opportunities for combat ground roles in the USAF and also plenty of tech jobs in the Army.
Though the Air Force is certainly not the easiest military branch to get into, once you have joined, it is likely that you will find the Air Force to be an easier career experience compared to the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.
The Air Force does go to war when they are needed, and it is actually a requirement for all Air Force personnel to be able to bear arms in defense of their country.
The average age of an employed air force pilot is 45 years old.
Over 90% of the pilots within a flying squadron who make it to 20 years will retire as an O-5. For those who wish to continue their career, they may be eligible for promotion to O-6 after four years as an O-5.
Plan the timing of your application to be sure you are age-eligible for service. To enlist, you cannot be younger than 17 (18 for GED holders) or older than 39 years of age.
How soon can Airmen retire from the Air Force? Airmen are eligible to retire after 20 years of service with the Air Force and begin receiving benefits the day they retire – no matter their age.
After you complete your initial four-year service obligation, you can qualify for a retention program that allows the service to pay you up to $60,000 if you stay with the Air Force. Sign up for another two years after your initial four-year commitment and you receive $20,000.
Air Force Army
What is 1A in army?
Does the military pay for your plane ticket home?
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