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Reflections from Two Girls on a Rocky Adventure
Sabrina Ho Yen Yin
Two girls and a car, fresh out of grad school, with new perspectives on climate science, that was how our adventure to the Rocky Mountain region began.
Starting the Grand Teton Park Loop with the Teton Ranges in sight (Source: Sabrina Ho).
A year ago, we were hauled from two different Asian countries united by a common goal. We wanted to become better climate science communicators. That was how I first met Yang Zhang, my close friend and course-mate from Columbia University's Climate and Society master's program, and a colleague at GlacierHub. Fast forward to now, Yang and I are about to embark on new jobs in climate science education and climate policy, respectively. But beforehand, we decided to take a 12-day road trip to Glacier, Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks to experience camping under the stars and how it feels to live in a RV.
Visiting the Rocky Mountains was a dream of mine. The trip to Grand Teton National Park, a mountain range of the Rocky Mountains, rekindled memories from high school. The Rockies were a constant mention in my geography curriculum in Singapore, from their epic formation when the oceanic crust was subducted under the North American continental crust to the weathering forces affecting the mountain range until today. As we drove past the mountains, I was momentarily dazzled by their sheer size; reading about mountain ranges 4,400m (12,000ft) was nothing compared to seeing them in real life.
There are many glaciers in the Rockies, but most are undergoing rapid retreat. Mount Moran's five glaciers in the Grand Tetons, for example, have retreated by more than 20 percent in the last 40 years. Some have even disappeared. This narrative was plastered across information boards in the park in western Wyoming. I felt the message needed little introduction: the changes were clear in the small patches of ice on the mountains that stood in stark contrast with the old photograph of a much larger ice patch from 40 years ago. These small patches of ice were once connected when they formed during the Little Ice Age.
Glaciers on Mount Moran, Grand Teton National Park (Source: Sabrina Ho).
In that moment, I felt how powerful it was to be present on site, to see the most obvious evidence of climate change that I had studied all year before my own eyes. I watched as a father told his teenage daughter to capture a good photograph of the landscape. "You'll never know for sure how or when this might change," he told them.
The core of our climate and society curriculum at Columbia University was our discussion of the interactions between humans and nature. On one hand, we examined the manipulation and misinterpretation of climate science evidence that fuels arguments from climate skeptics. On the other hand, we were exposed to the different applications of climate science information that helps us better understand and perhaps even solve real-world problems. Over the past year, I have admired the amazing work of my professors, from using remote sensing to predict the regions most prone to Zika mosquitoes in Tanzania to understanding the plight of climate refugees in Bangladesh. But standing in front of the Grand Tetons, I realized these interactions are not limited to our world's most remote places. The national park system in the United States is a nexus for nature and social interactions, and it reflects our quickly changing landscapes under rising global temperatures.
National Parks were established to protect areas of natural, scenic or cultural significance. They are spaces where people can get close to nature for relaxation and recreation, but they are also effective classrooms. Many researchers conduct ecological, geological and hydrological studies in parks like the Grand Tetons. As Yang and I took short walks from several viewpoints, I witnessed parents pointing out different types of wildlife seen on trails to their children, while kids eagerly filled in their activity books in an attempt to get a Junior Ranger badge.
Wildlife spotted featuring the squirrel, antelope, bison and moose (Source: Sabrina Ho).
"It's always good to bring people close to nature. But how to respect nature and the indigenous people there should be the core as well," Yang commented during one of our walks. National parks were first established with the purpose of conservation, while at the same time displacing many indigenous communities that lived on the lands. The indigenous populations were often forbidden from carrying out their usual activities of hunting and agriculture. Land grabs also ensued. The Shoshone people, who lived in the Grand Teton region, faced such treatment. Recently, the indigenous communities of nearby Yellowstone National Park have applied for a name change of Hayden Valley and Mount Doane, which were named after perpetuators of violence against Native Americans.
Yang and I on the Cascade Trail with the Teton mountain range in the background (Source: Sabrina Ho).
Before we hiked the Cascade Trail to see Teton Glacier, we were warned of grizzly bear sightings in the area. Grizzly bear activity has heightened as bears eat more furiously to prepare for their upcoming hibernation in the winter. During our adventure to Glacier National Park, we had been turned away from the Iceberg Lake Trail because it was closed for bear feasting season. Though I was disappointed, Yang said, "The trail would be the thing I feel the sorriest for missing on this trip. But I also feel glad that we wouldn't be standing in the way of the mother grizzly bears who are trying to make sure their cubs survive this winter." Just yesterday, the Endangered Species Act to protect grizzly bears living around Yellowstone National Park was restored.
My visit to the Rockies served as a timely reminder: it is easy to be in awe of nature's beauty; living in harmony is harder to achieve. I remain hopeful that we will continue working in the right direction, as we learn to better read nature's signs through technological advances and structure developments in an informed and sustainable manner.
Tags: Climate and Society, Grand Teton, roadtrip, Sabrina Ho, The Rocky Mountains, Yang Zhang
Meet the Writers of GlacierHub, 2017/2018 Edition
As glaciers retreat, they alter water resources, create natural hazards, reduce tourism and transform cherished landscapes. Here at GlacierHub, we have a team of writers hailing from across four continents to bring you original daily reporting on glaciers and the global impacts of climate change.
With funding support from Columbia University's Earth Institute and Center for Research on Environmental Decisions, our writers from Columbia University's Master of Arts in Climate and Society program cover stories about communities living near glaciers and the challenges brought about by glacier retreat. This year's cohort has developed exciting new projects from a bi-monthly GlacierHub News Report to a Video of the Week post and will continue to bring you the latest glacier news throughout the summer.
We hope you enjoy the website and this introduction to our GlacierHub team!
Some of GlacierHub's summer writers. From left to right: writer Brian Llamanzares, editor Ben Orlove, and writer Andrew Angle (Source: Ashley Chappo).
Meet our summer writers from the Master of Arts in Climate and Society program at Columbia University:
Andrew Angle (Source: Andrew Angle).
Andrew Angle has a B.S. in Physical Geography from Penn State University and is a 2018 graduate of Columbia University's Climate and Society program. He first became fascinated with glaciers on a research trip with Penn State to study the impacts of climate change on the glaciers of the Peruvian Andes and southwest Alaska. As a writer for GlacierHub since fall 2017, Andrew has covered a number of diverse topics from U.S. National Park entrance fees to glacier-covered volcanos and glacial geoengineering. He hopes to apply the writing skills he developed during his time with GlacierHub to connect people with science and policy decisions.
Natalie Belew (Source: Natale Belew).
Natalie Belew is a 2018 graduate of the M.A. in Climate and Society program at Columbia University and completed her Bachelor of Arts degree in History and East Asian Studies at Trinity University. She joined GlacierHub in fall 2017 hoping to cultivate her writing skills in climate communication and to explore the cultural and historical contexts surrounding glaciers across the world. The topics she has tackled since then include the Lendbreen tunic, the Karakoram Anomaly, and the discovery of a medieval glacier lake in Svalbard, among many others. Beyond Columbia, Natalie hopes to combine her interests in climate science and East Asian history and pursue a doctorate in the environmental history of China. Her experience at GlacierHub has been phenomenal in helping her to understand complex scientific concepts surrounding glaciers. She looks forward to carrying forward her time at GlacierHub in her future endeavors.
Sabrina Ho Yen Yin (Source: Sabrina Ho Yen Yin).
Sabrina Ho Yen Yin has a B.Sc. in Geography from University College London and graduated in 2018 with her M.A. in Climate and Society from Columbia University. She started writing for GlacierHub in fall 2017 to hone her skills in climate communication by translating sometimes difficult-to-understand scientific pieces into fun and readable stories. She hopes to apply these skills to her work at the Singapore Ministry of Education when she imparts geographical knowledge to her future students. In the meantime, these past months have been a journey of discovery on just how interesting and diverse glacier news can be! From writing about human-related issues such as tourism in the Bhilangana Valley and extreme sports in Antarctica to ecological topics such as tracing plant species competition and crustacean diversity near glaciers to uncovering human history through glacier archaeology, she has challenged herself to write on a wide range of topics. Despite returning to the tropics after her studies, glaciers will always have a special space in her heart.
Shreeya Joshi (Source: Shreeya Joshi)
Shreeya Joshi graduated in 2018 with a master's degree in Climate and Society from Columbia University. She holds a bachelor's degree in Environmental Studies from Mount Holyoke College. She is specifically interested in climate change adaptation techniques and policies as well as strategic environmental communications. When she is not thinking about these topics, she's most likely thinking about food. At GlacierHub, she helped launch the website's Video of the Week, worked on social media and wrote about the restoration of grizzly bear populations in the North Cascades and capturing climate change through art, among other topics.
Brian Llamanzares (Source: Brian Llamanzares).
Brian Llamanzares is a former CNN Philippines news correspondent. He is the CEO and founder of Time Master Watches and a graduate of Columbia University, completing his master's degree in Climate and Society. Brian also worked briefly at the Philippine Senate as a supervising legislative staff officer and more recently as a political consultant. In his spare time, Brian volunteers as a Youth Ambassador for Habitat for Humanity Philippines and the Philippine General Hospital. He has a passion for public service and an interest in disaster risk reduction management. While at GlacierHub, he founded the bi-monthly GlacierHub news report and wrote about a major climate lawsuit and a glacier hike for a cause, among other topics.
Jade Payne (Source: Jade Payne).
Jade Payne started writing for GlacierHub in spring 2018 while pursuing her M.A. in Climate and Society at Columbia University. She spent her earlier years living in Florida, so she has enjoyed writing about glacial environments that are very different from what she is accustomed to. Her work includes covering the importance of glaciers to harbor seals to the captivating glacial artwork of Diane Burko, among other topics. After graduation, she hopes to continue working in climate change communication, especially when it comes to humanitarian causes. When she's not busy with her school work, she enjoys going on hikes and playing with her dog Milo (the shiba inu).
Angela Soriano Quevedo (Source: Angela Soriano Quevedo).
Angela Soriano Quevedo holds a master's degree in Climate and Society from Columbia University. Her interest in glaciers began as an intern for the regional NGO CONDESAN where she learned about sustainable mountain development and natural resources. As a writer for GlacierHub since fall 2017, she has gained a great understanding of the challenges faced by mountain communities surrounded by glaciers. While at GlacierHub, she has written about climate vulnerability in her home country of Peru to health threats from a glacier volcano in Iceland, among other topics.
Yang Zhang (Source: Yang Zhang).
Yang Zhang is a graduate of the M.A. in Climate and Society program at Columbia University and will be joining GlacierHub as a writer this summer. She holds her B.A. in International Law. Between undergraduate and graduate school, she worked for the government of China in forestry diplomacy and international environment negotiation. After that, she worked as a policy dialogue coordinator for an Asia Pacific-targeted NGO on sustainable development project management in developing countries and regional forestry policy mechanism coordination. She is also a big fan of SNL.
Meet our other staff writers from the fall and spring semesters:
Amanda Evengaard (Source: Amanda Evengaard).
Amanda Evengaard holds a bachelor's degree in Product Design from Parsons and is a graduate of the M.A. in Climate and Society program at Columbia University. Amanda is interested in climate sensitivity, how changing climate affects society and the environment, and how to make decisions for a sustainable future. Previously, Amanda worked in design, production and sustainability with the designer Donna Karan at the D.O.T training center in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and at Urban Zen, New York. She kept you covered on the last glacier of Venezuela, glacier reconstruction, and a Swiss community fighting to save its glacier, among other topics.
Tae Hamm (Source: Tae Hamm).
Tae Hamm graduated in 2018 from the Climate and Society master's program at Columbia University and holds a B.A. in Geology from Lawrence University. Tae is interested in sustainable packaging as well as urban planning for disaster risk reduction. He's an avid reader of books in all forms and shapes, but he buys his books only on Kindle. Tae wrote about glaciers' influence on the blister infection of the White Bark Pine tree, a female climber and pioneer, and the geochemical evolution of meltwater from glacial snow, among other topics.
Miriam Nielsen (Source: Miriam Nielsen).
Miriam Nielsen is a video producer (and occasional writer) who likes making things about climate change and the environment. She is a graduate of the Master of Climate and Society program at Columbia University, but she spends most of her time on Twitter or playing Ultimate Frisbee. At GlacierHub, she reported on diverse topics from glacier dropstones to Asia's vanishing glaciers, among many others.
And meet our editors:
Ben Orlove (Source: Yurong Yu).
Ben Orlove is the managing editor of GlacierHub and an anthropologist at Columbia University. He has conducted research in the Peruvian Andes for many years, and more recently has carried out field work in Bhutan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as in the Italian Alps. He also has carried out research in mountain areas in the western United States.
Ashley Chappo (Source: Ashley Chappo).
Ashley Chappo is the senior editor of GlacierHub. She is a graduate of Columbia University School of International and Public Affairs and Columbia Journalism School. Prior to GlacierHub, Ashley worked in the newsrooms of the New York Observer, World Policy Journal, and Manhattan Magazine, more recently covering the Arctic for the World Policy Institute's Arctic in Context initiative. Her favorite part of working for GlacierHub is getting to know the talented writers and reading their stories on the latest glacier research and climate policy. You can follow Ashley on Twitter @ashleychappo or view her digital portfolio at ashleychappo.com.
Tags: Amanda Evengaard, Andrew Angle, Angela Soriano Quevedo, Ashley Chappo, Ben Orlove, Brian Llamanzares, Climate and Society, Columbia University, glacierhub, Jade Payne, Miriam Nielsen, Natalie Belew, Sabrina Ho Yen Yin, Shreeya Joshi, Tae Hamm, Yang Zhang
Hiking Through Glacier National Park for a Cause
Brian Llamanzares
Shifali Gupta hiking along Trail Crest going to Mt. Whitney on July 4th, 2017 (Source: Shifali Gupta).
The effects of climate change may be overwhelming, but Shifali Gupta is showing us how to take a step in the right direction.
Shifali recently signed up for Climate Hike Glacier, a charitable hiking challenge in which she will hike up to 50 miles in four days to raise a minimum of $3,000 in donations for a cause of her choosing. The hike will take her through Glacier National Park in Montana, one of America's favorite national parks.
The four-day challenge begins with a hike up to St. Mary Falls and Virginia Falls. On the second day, Shifali and her team will hike from the west side of the Continental Divide to the east side to Many Glacier Valley. On the third day, her team will explore Grinnell Glacier, an iconic receding glacier within the park, a spot for Shifali and her team to witness first hand the effects of climate change.
Climate Hike Glacier aims to raise awareness about climate change impacts as an event sponsored by Climate Ride, a nonprofit organization dedicated to inspiring environmental action through bike rides, and more recently hikes, to raise funds for important causes.
And what better way to raise awareness about climate change than to promote a hike through a national park that is quickly losing its namesake glaciers to global temperature rise? On the final day of the hike, Shifali will be given the option of hiking to a beautiful alpine lake or climbing up to a vantage point with a panoramic view of the park's changing landscape.
The loss of glacial formations in Glacier National Park have been worrisome: The park went from about 150 glaciers in the 1800s to only 26 glaciers today. According to a U.S. Geological Survey study, some of the remaining glaciers have lost 83 percent of their mass, while the average loss across all glaciers has been 39 percent.
Grinnell Glacier (Source: Lisa Soverino).
The Inspiration Behind the Hike
This is Shifali's first Climate Hike. She grew up in India and came to the United States for graduate school, earning her master's degree in Climate and Society at Columbia University. The program helps professionals and academics understand and cope with the impacts of climate change on society and the environment.
GivePower Project 2016 (Source: Shifali Gupta).
For Shifali, applying the knowledge she gained in graduate school meant working at SolarCity, where she had the opportunity to give back to a community in Nepal.
"I was given a chance to be part of a GivePower team to install a solar battery system in a village that is so far removed that you can only get there by hiking about 5 miles from the nearest road," Shifali told GlacierHub. "The idea was to use these clean energy sources to power their grain mill to provide a more secure source of food, as opposed to when villagers would have to travel roughly 10 miles in rain or shine."
Shifali explained that she was inspired to participate in Climate Ride by her teammates at GivePower, a nonprofit focused on giving clean energy to otherwise neglected communities in developing countries around the world. Having participated previously, her colleagues were able to raise roughly $5,000 per-person in past Climate Ride events. Shifali said she finally decided on her birthday last November to sign up herself to raise money for GivePower.
Climate Ride, which started in 2008, has already inspired over 1,986 participants like Shifali to raise more than $3.5 million in donations for causes all over the world.
Shifali with her Tesla/SolarCity hiking group (Source: Shifali Gupta).
Shifali decided to join the hike instead of the traditional ride because she was more confident in her hiking skills than her biking skills. She says that the hike also allows her to check "going to Glacier National Park" off of her bucket list.
Simultaneously, she gets to support a cause she believes in. When speaking to GlacierHub, she said it was a "no-brainer" for her to select GivePower as her partner nonprofit.
GivePower currently has projects in Haiti, Kenya, Nepal, Nicaragua, and Congo. Solar installations power water pumps to improve access to water, and GivePower installs microgrids in local communities to power mills or refrigerators. They also use solar panels to power schools, medical centers, and increase connectivity through mobile network access.
Shifali is looking forward to the hike and says that it couldn't have come at a better time.
She plans to pursue further studies and hopefully join more rides and hikes in the near future. She also hopes that more people will join the hike. As of writing this article, Shifali is $2,258 away from her goal. To support Shifali's cause click here.
Tags: Climate and Society, Climate Hike Glacier, Climate Ride, Columbia University, GivePower, glacier national park, Grinnell Glacier, SolarCity


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Cobra Kai Creators Really Want to Use Classic AC/DC Song But Can't Afford It
Guns N' Roses and Bon Jovi tunes are also too steep for the popular Netflix series' budget.
Prince William: AC/DC Make Me Feel Like I "Can Take on Anything and Anyone"
"Thunderstruck" gets the prince ready for the "grind of the week."
Grammys 2022: AC/DC, Deftones, Chris Cornell, Foo Fighters Lead Rock + Metal Nominees
Wolfgang Van Halen, Gojira, Mastodon, Dream Theater, and Rob Zombie also received nods.
Fart-Sound Guitar Pedal a Big Hit on Kickstarter: Hear It Rip on GN'R, AC/DC, Nirvana, and Zeppelin Classics
Turn your guitar noises into fart noises.
AC/DC Unleash Music Video for "Through the Mists of Time": Watch
From the iconic rock band's latest album, Power Up.
Noel Gallagher's Son Taught Him How to Play AC/DC's "Back in Black"
"I've never been so proud of anything or anyone in my life," the Oasis guitarist admitted.
Tom Morello Announces New Album, Covers AC/DC's "Highway to Hell" with Eddie Vedder and Bruce Springsteen: Stream
Morello's new LP, The Atlas Underground Fire, arrives on October 15th
AC/DC-Loving Boy Ends Run on The Voice Kids Spain with Performance of Europe's "Final Countdown": Watch
8-year-old Jesús del Río showed his love for hard rock during the singing competition.
8-Year-Old Boy's Performance of AC/DC's "Back in Black" Earns Him Spot in Finals of The Voice Kids Spain: Watch
The semifinal performance follows Jesús del Río's viral rendition of "Highway to Hell" during his blind audition.
About AC/DC

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Home » People » Aurélien Saussay
Assistant Professorial Research Fellow
About Research Policy Events News
Aurélien Saussay is an Assistant Professorial Research Fellow at the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment. He joined the Institute in September 2019. His research focuses on the economic consequences of the transition to a low carbon economy, in order to identify the social and political acceptance challenges that hamper the implementation of effective decarbonisation.
Aurélien completed his PhD at EHESS (CIRED) in 2018. His dissertation, titled "Three Essays on Energy Prices and the Energy Transition" received the 2019 EAERE Award for Best Doctoral Dissertations in Environmental and Resource Economics. One of his articles, "The Impacts of Energy Prices on Industrial Foreign Investment Location: Evidence from Global Firm Level Data", co-authored with Misato Sato, also received the FAERE Young Economist Best Paper Award.
In parallel to his PhD, Aurélien was head of the environmental team at OFCE, Sciences Po. There, he has been one of the main co-authors of the Multi-sector Macroeconomic Model for the Evaluation of Environmental and Energy policies (ThreeME), which is used extensively in France, the Netherlands, Mexico and Indonesia to assess the economic consequences of energy transition scenarios. Aurélien has previously been an energy policy analyst at the International Energy Agency from 2009 until 2013. He holds an MSc Engineering from Mines-Paristech, and an MSc in Economics and Public Policy from Sciences Po and Ecole Polytechnique.
Empirical Econometrics
Research - 2022
Who's fit for the low-carbon transition? Emerging skills and wage gaps in job ad data
by Aurélien Saussay, Misato Sato, Francesco Vona and Layla O'Kane
on 28 October, 2022
This paper provides evidence on the characteristics of low-carbon jobs in the United States and reveals the potential skills gaps and hiring difficulties emerging in specific labour markets affected by the low-carbon transition. Read more
Assessing short-term and long-term economic and environmental effects of the COVID-19 crisis in France
by Aurélien Saussay
This paper provides a quantitative assessment of the economic and environmental impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures in the short and long term. Read more
The impacts of energy prices on industrial foreign investment location: evidence from global firm level data
by Aurélien Saussay and Misato Sato
The results of this paper show that upon deciding to invest, firms are attracted to regions that have lower energy prices. This supports arguments for better targeting leakage prevention measures to complement carbon pricing for energy-intensive industrial activities. Read more
Policy - 2023
Skills and wage gaps in the low-carbon transition: comparing job vacancy data from the US and UK
by Misato Sato, Leanne Cass, Aurélien Saussay, Francesco Vona, Leo Mercer and Layla O'Kane
on 23 January, 2023
This report provides a detailed characterisation of low-carbon jobs from the last decade in the United States and the United Kingdom, bringing new evidence to support policy discussions. Read more
Macroeconomic and distributional consequences of net zero policies in the United Kingdom
by Jon Pareliussen, Aurélien Saussay and Josh Burke
This paper presents new simulation results for the UK combining macroeconomic simulations in ThreeME, a computable general equilibrium model, with... Read more
Events - 2020
Building Skills for the Low-Carbon Transition: Evidence from Job Ads Data | Aurélien Saussay
Event Type: Grantham Workshop
Aurélien Saussay will present Building Skills for the Low-Carbon Transition: Evidence from Job Ads Data. AbstractTransitioning to a low carbon economy... Read more
Event Date 2 Dec '20
COP 26: why France cannot allow itself to remain inactive (in French)
featuring Aurélien Saussay
In this article for the French magazine L'Express, Aurélien Saussay outlines why it is important for France to remain actively engaged with global efforts to tackle climate change. Read more
Booming construction single-family detached homes is a climate nightmare (in French)
In this editorial article for L'Express Aurélien Saussay considers the climate and enviornmental impact of the recent growth in single-family detached homes in France during the COVID-19 pandemic. Read more
OPINION: Cheap oil is a trap
on 6 May, 2020
Low prices are a huge threat to efforts to shift the world's energy supply to a greener path and curb... Read more


European Telecommunications Commissioner Viviane Reding won glowing praise for her vision of the Internet 3.0 Monday from Vint Cerf, one of the creators of the Web and now Google's vice president and chief Internet evangelist.
on the next generation of the Internet Monday, laying down what she sees as its essential elements and calling on Europe to lead the way to get there.
"Web 3.0 means seamless 'anytime, anywhere' business, entertainment and social networking over fast reliable and secure networks. It means the end of the divide between mobile and fixed lines. It signals a tenfold quantum leap in the scale of the digital universe by 2015," she said in a statement.
At the same time the European Commission unveiled a report, outlining the main steps Europe must take to respond to the next wave of what it dubs the "information revolution."
Trends leading to Internet 3.0 include the boom in social networking, the shift to online business services, nomadic services based on GPS (Global Positioning System) and mobile TV and the growth of smart tags using RFID (radio frequency identification), the report found.
It concluded that Europe's focus on open and pro-competitive telecom networks and its emphasis on online privacy and security make it "well placed to exploit these trends."
Cerf said in a blog to be published Monday that he shares Reding's vision, with its focus on free and open networks and the need for open standards. However, instead of seeing Europe in the driving seat of change, he said the continent is well positioned to keep up with other parts of the world. The text of the blog was shared with the IDG News Service by Google, in advance of the blog's posting on the Web.
"For Europe to keep up in the global online race, it needs to sprint ahead powered by an openness recipe encompassing a neutral network, users rights, and open standards. I'm delighted to see that Europe's policymakers stress the successful ingredients to promoting a robust, healthy Internet," he said.
The report accompanying the launch of the consultation "makes a compelling case for open standards," Cerf said.
The report also identified a need to re-examine the concept of copyright in the online world, and called for a new business model for copyright holders. Cerf said Google is also looking closely at this issue.


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Q: Why are my JavaScript variables not persisting across functions? I have the following JavaScript in my HTML page referencing an HTML form on the page:
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--

var myForm = document.myForm;

function validateForm() {
    if (myForm.myInput == "")
        alert("Please input some text.");

        return false;
    }

    myForm.submit();
}

function showFormInput() {
    myForm.reset();

    document.getElementById('myInput').style.display = 'inline';
}

//-->
</script>

...

<form name="myForm" id="myForm" action="..." method="post">
    <input id="myInput" name="myInput" type="text" value="" style="display:none;" />
</form>

Both functions are throwing an exception when trying to access the variable myForm, saying that "myForm is null or not an object". Why is this occurring?
UPDATE: One thing I think I'm gathering from this is that global variables should generally be used for string literals - not elements in the DOM. I"m going to go forward with this, and use element variables sparingly, and only after the DOM has been loaded.

A: Your problem is in document.myForm. You may want to use:
var myForm = document.getElementById('myForm');

UPDATES: The other answers caught another couple of issues:
As bobobobo noted in another answer, you should use document.getElementById() for myForm.myInput as well. In addition outis caught another problem as you should place your <script> block near the end of your HTML document, just before the closing </body> tag. Otherwise your script will execute before the form gets inserted in the DOM.

A: If the sample is representative of the page, the the form "myForm" doesn't exist when the script is evaluated. In addition to using document.getElementById (or document.forms.formName), you'll need to delay setting var myForm until after the form element is processed or, better yet, pass the form as an argument to the functions rather than using a global variable.

A: What browser are you using?
IN general you should never use document.* access.  This is an MS-IE convention.  Instead, use
var myForm = document.getElementById( 'myForm' ) ;
var myInput = document.getElementById( 'myInput' ) ;

if( myInput.value == '' )
{
    // its empty!
}

As outis noted, either put your script block at the bottom of your page, or use the onload event of <body> tag, like this
<script>
function go()
{
    alert( "The DOM has been assembled and can be accessed.. nOW!!!" ) ;
    var myForm = document.getElementById( 'myForm' ) ; // ...
}
</script>
<body onload="go() ;">
</body>

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The first thing to do once you know that there is a need for home care and support, be it for yourself or your loved one, is to see if there is any entitlement to care funding.
There are different types of care funding and you may be entitled to more than one of them. Some social care funding support is means tested or health and ability tested, whereas others are not. The following is a guide to what you might be entitled to.
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Often, the Local Authority does not provide funding to cover everything that you wish to include in your support plan and only covers the basic essentials. You or your relative, friend or neighbour may wish to top up and pay for some extra care and support; it is possible to do it.
This is a benefit which does not take into account how much money, assets, or pension you have but considers your age or your personal ability to perform necessary daily living tasks, please click on www.directgov.uk to find out more.
If you have a disability or a long term health condition or illness then you may be entitled to receive a Personal Independence Payment (PIP), which replaces the previously known Disability Living Allowance (DLA). Personal Independence Payment helps with extra costs associated with long-term ill-health or a disability if you're aged 16-64.
You may be entitled to receive Attendance Allowance (AA) if you're physically or mentally disabled and aged 65 or over. Attendance Allowance is for providing extra help with personal care needs.
You may qualify to receive Carer's Allowance which is available to everybody who is providing extensive care to someone with substantial care needs. You do not have to be related to them or living with them but you to need to spend at least 35 hours a week or more providing their care and support.
You may also receive Carer's Credit which keeps your National Insurance up to date.
We have vast experience in working with individual budgets, direct payments and individual service funds. Whether services are funded by the NHS or wholly or partly by your local council, we can help.
Payingforcare.co.uk is an impartial and consumer friendly website providing information on all aspects of care funding including local authority assessments, care entitlements, costs of care and arranging care for somebody else.
Direct Payments are a government initiative allowing individuals who have been assessed as requiring social services care to purchase their own care and support and will be allocated a personal budget. You can read more information about Direct Payments on the NHS Choices Website.
What are Individual Service Funds (ISFs)?
An individual service fund (ISF), are for those who are unable, or do not wish to manage the Personal Budget allocated to pay for you care. A service provider such as Honor Care Limitedcan be chosen by you to do this for you. We can hold your personal budget on your behalf but you are still in control of how this is spent.
Your Personal Support Plan will be developed to decide how you want to spend your ISF and this will depends largely on the outcomes that you want to achieve and the way in which you want us to support you to achieve those desired outcomes.


Introduction: As an educator in the 21st century you are being challenged to keep your students motivated and engaged to learn in the classroom. You are expected to compete with virtual and interactive video games and electronic handheld devices that contain applications to access the internet and navigational tools. These devices allow the user to download music, videos and entire books in a matter of seconds.
As the underdog in this decagon arena, are you up for the challenge? Can you use your strengths of classroom management, subject integration, nurturing, communication, and overall experience to help you as tag team with Smart technologies in order to pair against THE BIG; THE BAD; THE UGLY… RECREATIONAL TECHNOLOGY? The opposition has leisure on its side, student interest, and in some cases, inappropriate materials such as weapons and violence.
1.) How can teachers use Smart technology to motivate students?
2.) How can design tricks engage students in the same ways that video games capture their attention?
The learners in this WebQuest are those in the education field. Teachers, administrators, paraprofessionals, and anyone else who works with Smart Boards and Smart Notebook technology would benefit from this WebQuest. These learners will work on design and implementation of Smart Notebooks in the classroom setting.
2a. Teachers design, develop, and evaluate authentic learning experiences and assessment incorporating contemporary tools and resources to maximize content learning in context and to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes identified in the NETS•S. Teachers design or adapt relevant learning experiences that incorporate digital tools and resources to promote student learning and creativity.
2b. Teachers design, develop, and evaluate authentic learning experiences and assessment incorporating contemporary tools and resources to maximize content learning in context and to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes identified in the NETS•S. Teachers develop technology-enriched learning environments that enable all students to pursue their individual curiosities and become active participants in setting their own educational goals, managing their own learning, and assessing their own progress.
3b. Teachers exhibit knowledge, skills, and work processes representative of an innovative professional in a global and digital society. Teachers collaborate with students, peers, parents, and community members using digital tools and resources to support student success and innovation.
Step 1: Explore the following websites: Online Support - Cheat Sheets, Interactive White Board Tutorials, Online Trainings. On each website, look for a new strategy, design technique or method that you can use to create a lesson that will be so engaging, that it will be solid competition for video games and movies. Create and try out a simple Smart Notebook activity using one of the new strategies or methods.
Step 2: Read over the Smart Notebook Design Cheat Sheet (found below). Within Smart Notebook, try each strategy at least once.
Step 3: Create a Smart Notebook file, consisting of at least three pages, which meets the standards you will teach over the next school quarter. Within the File, use at least one of the design techniques from the Smart Notebook Design Cheat Sheet.
Step 4: Share your Smart Notebook file with a colleague, or an administrator. Ask your colleague to complete the Evaluation rubric for you. Take any critique to improve on your notebook file. Remember the competition you're up against. You need your notebook to be the best it can be.
Step 5: Use your Smart Notebook file in your classroom. Be amazed that you really can compete with video games and their ilk.
After Step 1, self-assess your New Strategy Activity.
After Steps 2 and 3, have a colleague look at your Smart Notebook File (Step 4) and complete the rubric.
Strategy is an engaging part of the activity.
Strategy keeps students engaged throughout the activity.
One design technique from Notebook Cheat Sheet is evident.
Two design techniques from Notebook Cheat Sheet are evident.
Three design techniques from Notebook Cheat Sheet are evident.
Notebook File has 3 or more pages.
Notebook includes three pages with standards.
Notebook includes four pages with standards.
Notebook includes five pages with standards.
Steps 4 and 5 will satisfy Standard 3b.
ACCEPTABLE: 3-4 points GOOD: 5-6 points EXEMPLARY: 7-9 points So, how did you measure up?
Conclusion In conclusion, we are living in a world where technology plays a big part in our everyday lives. It seems no matter where you go technology plays some part in it. There is no way of getting around technology and it would be ridiculous to try. As an educator, we want to see our students become the best citizens they can be in all content areas, especially technology. We want our students to have access to technology every single school day while they are in the classroom. This can only be accomplished if educators make the necessary tools available for their students to use.
One of the most ground-breaking advancements developed for enhancing student learning has been the SMART board. It has opened the door for each and every person who has come in contact with this interactive board. It engages all students and captivates many. With this being said, it is up to teachers to develop the necessary skills to ensure that all students have the opportunity to engage in the effectiveness of the SMART board. With the help of this WebQuest, teachers can begin to develop those skills and help students become interactive while learning at the same time.


text:
Down...But Not Out at Oktoberfest
Here it is the end of October and American Bars has not chatted about Oktoberfest. That is due to the concerns about safety and threats of violence that permeate the noble festival this year.
There are Oktoberfests all over the world. A Google search turns up Oktoberfests everywhere from Mumbai, India to Anchorage, Alaska. However, the only one that really counts is the grand old original in Munich, Germany. However, the celebration this is dampened by weather and intrusion — despite beefed up security.
The world's biggest beer festival has recorded its lowest turnout for 15 years amid heightened security fears, while at the same time experiencing a massive increase in reported sex crimes.
The Oktoberfest in Munich, Germany had around 5.6 million visitors this year, down a huge 300,000 since last year and the lowest number since just after the September 11th 2001 terror attacks, according to FAZ.
The drop in the number of attendees follows a series of attacks in the German state of Bavaria.
In July, German-Iranian student David Ali Sonboly went on a shooting spree in Munich, killing nine people at a shopping center before turning the gun on himself.
In the same week, an Afghan migrant attacked a train in Würzburg with an axe, injuring at least four people. Then, a failed asylum seeker blew himself up at a bar in the town of Ansbach, injuring 12 people and killing himself.
Major train stations across the nation have been sites for migrant mob attacks upon citizens — beatings, robberies and huge numbers of sexual assaults agains women.
Security was tough this year at Munich's Oktoberfest. However, despite an overall fall in crime at the festival, the number of reported sex crimes increased this year from 21 to 31.
The group "Safer Wiesn for Girls and Woman" also said 215 women came to security checkpoints for help this year compared to 197 last year, of whom 18 reported suffering violence.
A number of large-scale public events have reported an increase in sexual assaults since the massive influx of migrants began entering Europe last year.
The most notorious example was the New Year's Eve attacks in the German city of Cologne, in which gangs of mainly North African migrants committed mass sexual assaults against women revelers.
Police received over 1,500 complaints of sexual assault, mugging, pickpocketing and even rape, although it took the local government six months to admit the majority of perpetrators were recently arrived migrants.
Figures showed that 70 per cent of the suspects had been in Germany for less than a year, despite repeated denial by authorities.
So, it rained for five straight days at the noted beer fest, decreasing crowds and possibly decreasing the violence overall. And Yes, any festival would be pleased to have 5.6 million people attend. A loss of 300,000 this year is significant, but not to the overall number.
Still, one has to wonder about the future of such time honored events in the wake of an invasive people and culture that violently condemns and retaliates against any such grand outpouring of fun and food and beer.
At American Bars, we sincerely hope Germany and the rest of Europe can cope and recover from the situation they find themselves immersed in.


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The following text is an article by the blogger named Killtown where he argues that on September 11, 2001 the Pentagon was attacked by something other than a Boeing 757 jetliner originally flying as AA Flight 77. I have not studied and analyzed the events at the Pentagon sufficiently to have an opinion as to what happened there, though, as I said already, many things about the official version of the events at the Pentagon seems far fetched and makes little sense. It is for one difficult to see how an amatuer pilot such as Hani Hanjour could have pulled off the near-impossible manuever required to hit the Pentagon flying with his engines a mere two feet off the ground.
Even if Killtown is wrong and the official version - or some variation there of - is closer to the truth somebody still has lots of explaining to do on a number of issues, such as why Flight 77 was never intercepted, let alone shot down, or why not one of those officials whose job it was to protect the Pentagon has been relieved of their duties.
This article is presented for informational purposes only. At this point I neither endorse it, nor dispute it. I find it informationally valuable. I would also like to note that no matter what happened at the Pentagon the case can still be made that the official story of the 9/11 is little more than a coverup of the true story, thus making some elements of the US government complicit in at least the coverup of a large-scale crime. And that is, at a minimum, obstruction of justice.
"Why would the government hijack a 3rd plane, Flight 77, but not crash it into the Pentagon when they took the trouble to hijack two other planes and crash them into the WTC?"
"Why would they want to crash a plane into their own defense headquarters?"
What do you think would be the easiest part of the Pentagon to hit, the huge rooftop that looks like a giant "bull's-eye" from the sky, or the side of the Pentagon that is only about seven stories tall? I'd say the roof.
But what if you had to hit the side of the building that is not even 2x taller than a Boeing 757 and not only that, but a certain side, certain section, and certain floor of that side?
The government conspirators needed to hit the exact section of the Pentagon that was hit and they needed to hit it low to the ground. A Boeing 757, even flown via remote control or computer guidance, would have been too risky for them to use because it is too big and cumbersome to chance its accuracy, especially having to fly what they wanted to hit there super fast so most witnesses on the ground wouldn't be able to see what exactly it was, and a plane that size could cause more damage than they wanted too. They needed to use something very accurate to hit the ground floors of that small section of their building, like a missile or UAV, that also wouldn't cause too much damage to the Pentagon, or hit the ground.
Can you imaging them trusting an empty remote controlled 115 ton Boeing to perfectly hit that small section low to the ground without overshooting high and flying over the low sitting Pentagon, or without bouncing off the lawn and breaking apart to expose that no passengers where on board and sending large pieces of the plane in who knows which direction? They had to use something much smaller and accurate that would be able to hit low to the ground without hitting the ground. If they made it looked like it had dive-bombed into the roof, or flew straight into the uppers floors, they wouldn't have been able to have faked this plane crash because they wouldn't have been able to have easily manufactured a somewhat realistically sized and shaped hole in the roof, or upper floors to make most people think a 757 could have made as compared to floors near the ground and they needed to have the section they hit collapse so it would help cover up the oddly shaped hole they manufactured for the crash and to help cover up the fact that no 757 crashed there.
So that is why the crash happened directly into the first floor and why it didn't hit the lawn, or destroy any of the cable spools out in front, why no mark was left on the 3rd story wall where a 757's tail should have hit, why there wasn't as much damage to the Pentagon as one would think a mostly fueled 757 would cause, why the oddly shaped hole looked like the plane had flown in level instead of it hitting with it's wings banking to the left as we were told, and why this aircraft made experienced air traffic controllers monitoring it think it was a "military plane" from it spiraling down and around the Pentagon dropping the last 7,000 feet in two-and-a-half minutes to specifically hit that side and 1st floor of that section instead of taking the more easier route of dive-boming it straight down into the roof after it flew over the White House area, and why the first reports of what crashed there was a helicopter.
I really doubt Hani Hanjour could fly a 115 ton Boeing 757 like an agile jetfighter when there is no evidence he ever flew a 757 before in real life or in simulation, when one of his flight instructors said he could not fly at all and that they questioned whether his pilot's license was genuine, and when his skills were so bad that he was refused to rent a Cessna the month before the attack.
It should be self evident enough that the section of the Pentagon hit was hit on purpose. The section hit was the only section in the entire Pentagon that was being retrofitted and it was being retrofitted, of all things, to help bolster it against attack. What are the odds of that? And not only that, but it was hit almost in the middle of that renovated section in which they had just installed a new sprinkler system. Hitting this section lowered the number of potential victims because this section was not yet fully repopulated and a fire truck had just been pulled out from the firehouse that was coincidentally right next the section that was hit. Another coincidence is that side was the only lawn side that didn't have a parking lot or other things built next to it that would have made it much less accessible for the rescue crews to fight the fires and rescue the injured. Another factor that was in the Pentagon's favor was hitting their own building ensured the availability of military doctors, nurses, and first aid responders for all the injured.
So think about it, the "Arab terrorists" hit the worst section for them and the best section for the Pentagon.
So what was so special for our military to take the added risk of hitting that specific section at their defense headquarters when hitting the WTC would surely be enough to cause a wave of world wide indignation for their master plan?
Now I don't know about you, but if I had to announce a bureaucratic nightmare that I wanted to be buried as quickly as possible from the minds of the American people, what better time to announce it than the day before every American's mind will be distracted by a most horrible event?
Now think about it, less than 24hrs after Secretary of Defence Donald Rumsfeld (who was on the safe side of the Pentagon when it was hit) announces his agency lost track of a mind-blowing $2.3 trillion dollars, the section that housed the people and paper trail that would know where all that money went was blown up in the most bizarre events in America's history.
Again, the Pentagon benefitted from this section being hit.
What also adds to the interest is the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) and Chief Financial Officer for the Department of Defense who is in charge of all the Pentagon's money was Dov S. Zakheim, who not only is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations as well as an ordained Orthodox Jewish rabbi and some say is a dual Israeli/American citizen, but who is also a member of the PNAC, along with Donald Rumsfeld, and was a contributing author of the PNAC's "Rebuilding America's Defenses" that essentially talked about needing a "new Pearl Harbor" to build up American's military might exactly one year before it happened.
Some of Zakheim's former jobs are interesting too. He was vice president of a defense contractor, System Planning Corp., which made remote control and flight termination products and was chief executive officer of SPC International Corp., a subsidiary specializing in political, military and economic consulting.
So that is why they hit that section of the Pentagon and why they didn't use a Boeing 757 to do it.
See also: Pentagon's Official Claim, Pentagon Crash Motives, Where The Pentagon Was Hit, and Rabbi Steals $2.3 Trillion!


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Just as you are unique, we follow all Fair Housing standards and each must qualify on their own merit.
We only accept a deposit after your application has been approved. Deposit will hold the property for up to two weeks. Renters' insurance and utilities in your name must be active before move-in.


1.It's just one reason, we call it "The City".
2. Admit it. You've always wondered about this.
3. For the bucket, I mean "casket" list.
4. The Tour de France always delivers the unexpected. Stage 1 of the 2013 TDF was no different.
5. "No state shall … deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." June 26, 2013 – a start.


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text:
We have a big responsibility to society, say African artists
26 June 2022 | 3:56 pm
Ugandan musician and politician Bobi Wine says culture can flourish with freedom. He was part of a group of African artists invited to a DW panel to discuss opportunities for Africa's creative scene.
African artists
Timing of Trump trade tweet is suspicious, Asia society's Stone Fish Says
Isaac Stone Fish, Asia Society senior fellow, reacts to President Donald Trump's tweet about the state of trade negotiations with China.
'Elephants are the perfect model for society'
'Elephants are the perfect model for society'.
Civil Society groups protest $9.6bn court order against Nigeria
'Islamic State' returnees in Kosovo guided back into society
Thousands of foreign 'IS' supporters are held in Kurdish camps in Syria. Most European countries refuse to repatriate them, but Kosovo is bringing its citizens home. DW met with one female returnee under house arrest.
Indonesian society splinters under conservative draft laws
At least two protesters have died as Indonesian students have mobilized the largest demonstrations in two decades against a new set of proposed conservative laws they say will discriminate against women and minorities.
Japanese companies exhibit robots to help care for a rapidly aging society
Toyota's latest humanoid robot "T-HR3" is like an avatar that can be controlled remotely by a human operator. The goggle on the operator allows them to envision what the robot is seeing, while they feel what the robot touches through the sensory feedback gloves they wear.
600 repentant insurgents to be reintegrated into Society
Another batch of more than 600 repentant insurgents are to be reintegrated into Society, after completing a government programme.
Iran, two worlds apart: Exploring an Iranian society more divided than ever
Every day in the Iranian capital Tehran, thousands of supporters of the most conservative branch of the Iranian regime visit mausoleums honouring Shiite martyrs or other places linked to the Islamic Revolution. But on the streets, a younger generation is scorning the country's strict rules. Young women and men alike are yearning for change and a better relationship with the West. Our reporters went to meet this optimistic Iranian youth, which is becoming emancipated and dreaming of a future of freedom, in radical contrast to the most conservative Iranians.
Czech civil society fights back against fake news
In the Czech Republic, the media ecosystem is plagued by disinformation. A group of PR professionals have teamed up to cut off dodgy outlets from their main, and often only, source of income — online ads.
Racism in Germany 'an issue for society as a whole'
DW spoke to Dr. Karamba Diaby, Germany's first African-born black MP, about the global anti-racism protests and related developments in Germany. "Unfortunately, much needs to be done," the parliamentarian tells DW.
USA: COVID-19 Divides Society
In the southern US state of Georgia, officials are easing restrictions meant to stem the spread of the coronavirus even as around 1,000 people a day test positive for the disease. As public life resumes, those in greatest danger are African Americans.
Fuel-electricity price hike: Civil society groups mobilise for protest on Wednesday
Fuel-electricity price hike: Civil society groups mobilise for a protest on Wednesday


With MOMIX, you're not just watching a dance performance. You're being taken into a different world.
That's what MOMIX company member and dance captain Steven Ezra says when describing what sets the Connecticut-based company apart from its peers.
"You're going to get kind of like a moving picture of sorts. And that incorporates a lot of props and multimedia projections and definitely the music as well," he says. " It's more of like an all-encompassing environment rather than just a dance performance."
Founded by choreographic mastermind Moses Pendleton more than 35 years ago, MOMIX first came to St. Louis in April 2011 with the show Botanica. They returned for a one-night-only encore performance later that September. This weekend, the dancer-illusionists will be back at the Touhill Performing Arts Center to turn your world — and your view of dance — upside-down with their latest show, Alchemia.
But don't expect a repeat of their last St. Louis performance. MOMIX likes to play with different themes for each show, and with each comes a completely different concept, Ezra explains. In Alchemia, images and choreography suggest the elements of alchemy — earth, water, air and fire.
"It's definitely a very different feel from Botanica because we're not blossoming flowers in this piece; we're kind of evoking change — you know, the changing of chemicals, the changing of lead to gold, and you'll see with the use of like props and lighting and choreography. We evoke that into an image on stage."
Clearly, MOMIX isn't your traditional dance company. More evidence? They rehearse in a converted, 100-year-old barn in the middle of the woods in Connecticut. They don't follow a specific technique. And their dancers, as well as their style, are each unique — some have backgrounds in ballet, some in gymnastics, and others in the past have even been rock climbers.
This non-traditional approach blew Ezra away when he first saw a MOMIX performance as a 15-year-old.
At the time, Ezra knew about modern and contemporary dance, but he didn't really understand the use of props.
"MOMIX was one of the first companies outside of knowing Cirque du Soleil that would use props, and sometimes sets or something," Ezra remembers. "So when I saw MOMIX in Hartford at Bushnell Theater, I was just blown away. I was like, 'Wow, I didn't really know this could be dance.' And it totally changed the way I looked at dance."
He says, "I knew that I wanted to be a part of MOMIX, so I graduated high school and I was able to join MOMIX right then and there. And I've been with them since I was 18 years old."
Ezra hopes that audience members leave Alchemia feeling similarly inspired.
"I think that's what keeps this world going. I think it's important. Art is very important because it keeps because people thinking, keeps people motivated, and keeps them innovative," he says. "Art is very important, and I feel like we're doing something very important because I feel like we're sort of the innovators of dance, because we're trying to bring something different to dance."
You can see Alchemia Friday, January 29 at 8 p.m. and Saturday, January 30 at 2 p.m. and 8 p.m. For ticket information, call the Dance St. Louis box office at 314.534.6622 or visit dancestl.org.


1. What is 2-factor authentication (2FA)?
The two Factor Authentication, also known as 2FA, is an extra layer of security that requires not only a password and email address but also something that only that user has on them, i.e. a 2FA code sent to their mobile device through a software security token. Using an email address and password together with a 2FA code makes it harder for potential intruders to gain access and steal that person's personal data or identity.
2. How to switch ON 2-factor authentication (2FA)?
In your ONECARD e-wallet click on Settings and in the 2-factor authentication section, click on ENABLE TWO-FACTOR AUTH.
3. What if access to my ONECARD e-wallet is blocked?
4. How do I recover my password to my ONECARD e-wallet?
Please, log in to ONECARD e-wallet here: https://theonecard.eu/login , choose option FORGOT PASSWORD, enter your e-mail and receive a new password.
5. How to change password for my ONECARD e-wallet?
To change password, please log in into your personal ONECARD e-wallet, option "Settings" and change password.
6. How is possible to change my email?
It is no possible to change an email address. Email address is also a user name to log into your personal ONECARD e-wallet.
7. How is possible to change my mobile phone number?
Please contact our support team should you wish to change any of your personal information.
8. What is 3D Secure?
3D Secure an additional layer of security when purchasing goods online at participating merchants, through the requirement to enter your password before purchases are transacted. More information: The Verified by Mastercard SecureCode is a new type of security code used for transacting online which will in future be used by more and more online merchants. If you use your Mastercard Corporate card to purchase online, you may be asked to create a code. When using this code, you confirm that you are the one paying with your card. The first time you purchase from a merchant using Verified by Mastercard SecureCode, you must create a personal code. Once you have created the code, you can reuse the same code when making online purchases with other merchants who use this security. It is up to the individual merchant to decide whether they want to use Verified by Mastercard SecureCode.
9. How do I activate 3D Secure?
You will be required to activate 3D Secure when spending at participating online retailers. The activation process is simple and quick and should only happen once - all you have to do is verify your identity by entering a few identifying pieces of information, and then you create your 3D Secure Password that you will submit when prompted on your future online purchases.
10. What to do if I forgot my 3D Secure code?
When you purchasing goods online and forgot your 3D Secure code option to reset will be provided when 3DS code required.
11. What data does ONECARD store for my transactions?
For all your transactions we keep a full record of the transfer details, including beneficiary details (beneficiary name, beneficiary IBAN/account number), beneficiary bank details (bank name, BIC/SWIFT, country), transfer details (transaction reference, account number, account name, reference line, fee, user, execution name etc.), transaction details (transaction reference, account number, account name, account number etc.). With the details of your transactions, which we keep and provide in your account you can keep a full track of all your operations and in cases of transfer inaccuracies, mistakes, fraudulent activities request a reversal of transactions.
12. Can someone else log in into my ONECARD e-wallet for me?
No, you should never allow access to your ONECARD e-wallet or share your password with anyone. This will be treated as gross negligence and you will not be refunded any financial loss caused by this.
13. Is my account and transfers safe?
14. What if my card has been compromised!?
1.Immediately call the client service department of the cards issuer, PFS, on +44 (0) 20 3327 1991, +44 (0) 20 3468 4112 or +44 (0) 020 7183 2248 and request, that the card be blocked.
2.Write an e-mail to , providing your first name, surname, the card number (it can be found in your ONECARD e-wallet), as well as the approximate time when the card was lost or stolen.
3.Online Chat with support team during working hours on weekdays.
4.Log in to you ONECARD e-wallet, CARDS, choose option BLOCK.
15. How can I protect myself against card fraud?
Keep your card account numbers and personal identification number (PIN#) in a confidential place and separate from your cards.
Check your cards periodically to make sure none are missing.
16. What should I do if my card is stolen?
If your card is lost/stolen, call +44 (0)20 3327 1991, +44 (0) 020 3468 4112 , +44 (0) 020 7183 2248 or email us at to request a new card.
Also you can block a card in your personal ONECARD e-wallet.
Information relating to the latest fraud trends and scams can be found here www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom .


A shooter in Belgium has opened fire in what is suspected to be an Islamic State terrorist attack targeting the police. He killed two female police officers and a civilian, in addition to injuring a further four police officers, before being killed by the cops. On Monday, the shooter was released from prison, where had been doing time for drug-related charges, on a temporary basis and it is being assumed that he was radicalised while on the inside.
As it turns out, the shooter had already been on a police "watchlist" for having some Islamic extremists in his address book anyway.
Since early 2015, actually, the whole country of Belgium has been on high alert for terrorism. That's why the police have been on the lookout for anyone with potential links to Islamist sources.
According to one source close to the case, the shooter who carried out yesterday's attack was thought to have been a part of "the entourage of an Islamist recruiter." The source did not disclose whether the terrorist was the Turtle or the Johnny Drama of this entourage, but he certainly wasn't the Vince.
So, they suspected that he had been radicalised in prison and belonged to a group of Islamist terrorists, but they let him out of prison anyway.


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Powerful black magic love spells are very reliable powerful spells that are casted to give a special love spell cast to create an unbreakable bond of passion and love between lovers in relationships and marriage no matter what has happened between the explicit lovers. Prince Mudan casts powerful black magic love spells with strong spiritual custom establishments with very short caution due to their permanent results. These spells will solve all the problems that might have caused the break up that's why one has to be certain about the fact that they need the spell because spiritually after casting the spell for two souls will become one and wherever the other is no matter what's going on in their life they will find a way back to you.
Complicated issues today in life are resolved with powerful black magic love spells. These are spells to give you a chance in life with light. Love issues are so complicated that sometimes we feel finding our selves stay lonely forever without special someone. Having a special someone is a very beautiful thing that happens in our life and everybody waits anxiously for that moment. So if you are alone and afraid you are condemned to live the rest of your life without that special someone, black magic love spells is designed for you and will help you in this case. All you need is to summon Prince Mudan in your love life and see change happening with in a blink of an eye.
Love is the most beautiful event in our life that everyone dreams to be locked in its experience. And love is not as beautiful as you are with your true love and not everyone else you find. It's so unfortunate with love because normally we love people when in reality they are in love with someone. Therefore if you in love with someone but this person unfortunately is also involved with someone else? If so, few things in life can be as unpleasant or as terrifying as knowing a third party may be stealing the love of your life away from you. And you fear this situation may soon be beyond anything you can do to fix. So you had better act quickly and contact Prince Mudan the only person to get you in your desirable state by casting his powerful black magic love spells.


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Currentstudent
Requiredcourses
Core Mediation Training (Required Elective)
A required course that may be taken during any semester that it is offered. The course provides an introduction to negotiation, mediation, and arbitration skills including development of negotiation strategy and techniques. Course includes simulation exercises featuring bilateral and multilateral negotiation and mediation exercises. Students will be introduced to basic forms of international dispute resolution, cross-cultural, language, and gender dynamics in conflict resolution. Course may serve as qualifying pre-requisite for participation in mediation clinic coordinated with the court-directed mediation program of the Monterey County Superior Court.
Clinical Studies Program (Required Elective)
The clinical studies requirement may be met through participation in one of the law schools' sponsored advisory clinics, or may be completed through legal and judicial internships available to second, third, and fourth-year students upon approval by the Dean of Clinical Studies.
The law school may add or delete from the elective course offerings each year based on enrollment, student preferences, and faculty availability. Most of the non-required courses are offered during the summer semester.
This course covers the political and legal nature of the administrative process; legislative and executive control of administrative discretion; judicial review, its role, scope and basis; due process as to substance and process as to substance and procedure; standing and related issues; role of the Administrative Law Judge, including ex parte issues; conduct of a hearing; and access to private and public information.
Topics include drafting pleadings, law and motion proceedings, pretrial investigation, discovery, trial preparation and participation in trial and post-trial motions. Students work on projects in all areas of civil trial practice in a seminar setting.
The legal aspects of relationships between employers and employees, emphasizing California law. An overview of "at-will" employment agreements, employment discrimination laws ( including sexual harassment), public policy and "whistle blower" claims, employment-related torts (including privacy rights), plus an overview of wage and hour, health and safety, and workers compensation laws.
Topics covered in this course are marriage and family, parent and child, termination of parental rights; adoption, marital breakdown, jurisdiction, judicial documents, domestic violence, custody; visitation, child and spousal support and settlement agreements.
Gibson Appellate Advocacy
This course is the writing companion to the Moot Court course and is devoted to writing an appellate brief using a fictional case. To earn the concurrent dual JD/MLS degree, students must successfully complete this course.
Issues addressed in this course are immigration and the Constitution, federal immigration powers, immigration categories, procedures, exclusion grounds, admission procedures, deportation and non-immigrants.
A survey of the laws in the field of intellectual property. This course covers issues of defining, obtaining, maintaining and enforcing patents, trade secrets, trademarks and copyrights in the United States and internationally.
Topics include the sources of international law, international jurisdiction, the law of treaties, international liability (of states), regulation of the use of force, peaceful settlement of disputes and the application of international law principles to current international events.
The course covers California and Federal statutes, regulations and relevant case law governing the judicial and administrative bodies that deal with zoning and land development problems. Special emphasis is placed on representing clients in local forums.
This practical course focuses on learning to write in a clear, effective and concise manner. Students are required to complete written assignments which assist them to gain sharper reasoning skills and improved techniques for legal analysis.
The development of water law in California, as well as riparian, appropriative and hybrid water rights developed in western states. Issues such as ground water, public water rights, various water institutions in California, regional water sources and water quality will also be taught.
This course covers the concepts, nomenclature, and forms used in practice before the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board, its administrative agencies, and the California Appellate Courts.
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First Year Required Courses
Second Year Required Courses
Third Year Required Courses
Fourth Year Required Courses


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The first weekend in November is all about the ladies…well at least when it comes to athletics! There are quite a few tournaments taking place in Maryland over the next couple of days featuring women athletes. We've got a little bit of everything going on this weekend. The 2011 ACC Field Hockey Championships got underway yesterday in College Park, the NJCAA Region 20 Women's Volleyball Tournament starts tomorrow and goes through Sunday at the College of Southern Maryland, the Primetime Showcase girl's lacrosse tournament is on Saturday and the Fall Lax Clash tournament is on Sunday, both at Cedar Lane Park in Bel Air.


While Heimy Salgado graduated with a double major in Broadcast Journalism and International Affairs from Florida State University in 2002, it was her prior work experience with Univision in Washington D.C. that sparked her passion for education. After reporting on human-interest and education stories, she was motivated to join Teach For America and taught fourth grade at Little River Elementary School in the community of Little Haiti in Miami, Florida for three years. While teaching in Florida, she also received a Masters of Science in Urban Education from Florida International University. From there, Ms. Salgado taught multiple grades and subjects at KIPP DC WILL Academy and acted as the teacher board member representative on the Board of Trustees for nine years. Currently, Ms. Salgado is the Reading Specialist at West Education Campus as well as a teacher-coach assisting teachers in English and Language Arts. Ms. Salgado is excited to become the first The National Park Trust Teacher Fellow as she has been able to expose her students to incredible experiences through the Buddy Bison program. Through this wonderful experience Ms. Salgado wants to ensure children around the country experience the great outdoors and become future stewards of our planet.


In a landmark order, the Supreme Court on March 9, 2018 has allowed living will and passive euthanasia. It has held that the right to die with dignity is an inextricable facet of Article 21. It further said that an adult human having mental capacity to take an informed decision has the right to refuse medical treatment including withdrawal from life saving devices.
Right of execution of an advance medical directiveby an individual does not depend on any recognition or legislation by a State. Such rights can be exercised by an individual in recognition and in affirmation of his right of bodily integrity and self determination. The Bench said that it will lay down norms governing how the guidelines can be drawn up, executed and given effect to.
The order was passed by a five judge Constitution bench of Chief Justice (CJI) Dipak Misra and Justices A K Sikri, A M Khanwilkar, D Y Chandrachud and Ashok Bhushan.
Our petition had sought the enactment of a law on the lines of the Patient Autonomy and Self-determination Act of the USA, which sanctions the practice of executing a 'living will' in the nature of an advance directive for refusal of life-prolonging medical procedures in the event of the testator's incapacitation. We had approached the Court with the prayer that the autonomy of an individual should be respected. And one should be allowed while one is in full possession of one's faculties to lay down a binding directive applicable to the next of kin as well as to the medical care providers not to put that person under life support, not to undertake any intrusive and extraordinary measure to artificially prolong one's life in the case of incompetency developing and the patient reaching a state of irreversible vegetative condition or a terminal illness and losing the capacity to determine what is good for him.
The matter was disposed of on February 25, 2014. Without pronouncing any order on the specific prayer made in our petition, the Court invited a Constitution Bench to resolve the inconsistencies involved in the issue and the matter was taken up on July 16, 2014. After notices were issued to all States and UTs, the matter came up on January 15 and February 15, 2016. The ASG submitted that the government was considering a legislation on the subject. It came up with a draft Bill called "Medical Treatment of Terminally Ill Patients (Protection of Patients and Medical Practitioners) Bill, 2016", which ironically makes no mention of the word "Living Will." Common Cause, subsequently, submitted its detailed comments on the Bill in response to a statutory notice. On October 11, 2017, hearing was concluded and judgment was reserved by the Court on the petition.
On legalizing euthanasia or on the issue if doctor assisted suicide can lead to abuse the slippery slope argument comes into play and the potential for abuse is very significant. Even on philosophical grounds Common Cause does not support active euthanasia or assisted suicide, but what is of significance is the respect for the autonomy of the competent adult.


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Women are on their way to the top, says headhunter who blazed a trail
Featuring Carol Leonard, The Inzito Partnership Founder and AltoPartners Global Operating Committee Member
This article by James Ashton was first published on 24 November 2018 in The Times
Carol Leonard turned her gift for interviewing corporate leaders to her long-lasting advantage
The characters that bestrode British industry in the early 1990s were sharply drawn by Carol Leonard in interviews for The Times every Saturday. There was the "tall, slender, handsome and permanently suntanned" Sir Ian MacLaurin, the Tesco chairman, and the industrialist Lord Weinstock, "cautious to the point of being boring".
Ms Leonard revealed that Sir Brian Pitman, chief executive of Lloyds Bank, "always buys his clothes off the peg and admits to making them last for years", while Lord Sterling of Plaistow, the P&O chairman, was known for "dating showgirls in his youth, draping mink coats over their shoulders, driving them round town in an open-top Rolls-Royce with his dog on the back seat".
Such corporate titans have largely slipped from view, but Ms Leonard has powered on. The bulging contacts book that she filled on Fleet Street provided the feedstock for a job that has yielded work for hundreds of chief executives, finance directors and chairmen in 25 years and given her the reputation as one of the City's top headhunters.
Coaxing someone from one role to another often starts with a text message. "That goes in under the wire and away from the personal assistants," Ms Leonard said. "I ask if I can speak to them about something. They text back with a time or a number, or they just call."
At the top end of the market, headhunting remains untouched by Linkedin. Ms Leonard retains a huge volume of information about executives that she may place one day: their family circumstances, aspirations, strengths, weaknesses and cultural fit. There is a physical record, maintained at the Mayfair townhouse that houses her 20-person search firm, the Inzito Partnership, but much more is kept in her head. "A lot of it isn't data you can record. It is a sense about people, or sometimes they have shared something very confidential they wouldn't want in a database."
Search firms have done well from the decade-long corporate governance boom, as a result of which demand for non-executive directors has soared. The full-time merry-go-round is also spinning faster these days. A lot of the shortened tenures for top jobs is down to executives looking to move voluntarily, according to Ms Leonard. When hunting for the next finance director for Rolls-Royce, a role that went to Stephen Daintith, of the Daily Mail & General Trust, Inzito was talking to six FTSE 100 finance chiefs, three of whom had been in post for only two and a half years. "Attitudes to loyalty have changed and people are managing their own careers more tightly." A typical fee is one third of the candidate's first-year remuneration, including bonus.
A more obvious boardroom trend is the appointment of women into top jobs. Since Inzito was set up in 2009, a third of the 500-plus appointments it has handled have been women, rising to more than 50 per cent for executive and non-executive roles in the past year. Now Ms Leonard is regularly asked for all-female lists. "Women are getting better at putting themselves forward for roles, which has taken a while. I think the next generation coming up will have a very different approach."
One industry where women prospered at the highest level sooner than most is in headhunting itself. The likes of Ms Leonard, Anna Mann, Jan Hall and Julia Budd all may lay claim to doyenne status. "It's the ultimate multitasking job and women are simply better at juggling." Ms Leonard personally handles three searches a month — and acknowledges that there are some very good male headhunters, too.
Ms Leonard's parents were Londoners who emigrated after the war. She was born in Quebec and lived in Canada and the United States until the family relocated to Buckinghamshire when she was five. After university, a love of writing compelled her to contact local newspapers for work. Even while she was learning her trade at the Slough, Windsor and Eton Observer, she was working news shifts at the Daily Mirror and Daily Mail. Eventually she progressed to the City desks of the Evening Standard and The Times for the vintage era of Big Bang, Black Monday and the Guinness saga.
Writing interviews was the epitome of years of people-watching. Some captains of industry found it an emotional experience. "One started crying because his mother had died not long before. I was sat there with a photographer thinking I wanted to give him a hug, but it wasn't professional."
In 1991, one of those interviews was with a headhunter called Roddy Gow. Miles Broadbent, who ran the rival firm Norman Broadbent, was so cross that Ms Leonard had described someone else as the best in London that he demanded a meeting. They got on famously and eventually, over lunch at the Savoy Grill, he asked her when she was joining him and pulled out his diary to take her through a typical week in the search world.
"As he did so, I thought I could see myself doing that." The reality was a shock — "They were all men, they all wore Hermès ties and they all had PAs" — but contacts including Sir Harry Solomon, the former Hillsdown Holdings chief, and Sir Geoffrey Mulcahy at Kingfisher put searches her way early on.
When Norman Broadbent ran into difficulty, Sir Harry encouraged Ms Leonard to set up on her own, chipping in £50,000 of seed capital and even sourcing carpets cheaply for the new office of Leonard Hull from Lord Harris of Peckham, the Carpetright founder. The team of six that broke away, all women, form the nucleus of Inzito today.
Her timing looked perfect in 2004 when Leonard Hull was sold for up to £3.6 million to Whitehead Mann, one of the industry's best-known names, but it masked difficulties at home. Ms Leonard, whose husband, Andrew Hull, also had his name above the door, was looking for some stability. "My marriage was heading for the rocks, which is why I was minded to sell, to get into a safe haven really."
She stayed at Whitehead Mann two years beyond her three-year earnout, but resigned after losing confidence in the chief executive. Since starting again, Ms Leonard is convinced that small is beautiful. That is partly because of the industry's code of conduct that search firms must wait 12 months before recruiting from a firm they have just recruited for. Ms Leonard says it can constrain the industry's Big Five, the Shrek firms of Spencer Stuart, Heidrick & Struggles, Russell Reynolds, Egon Zehnder, Korn Ferry, that have outposts around the world.
Her other strong view, seen through the eyes of numerous overseas candidates that beat a path to her door, is that British boards "are not perfect and we beat ourselves up about them, but they are the envy of the world". Even if they do not any more contain the larger-than-life figures she once chronicled.
Who is your mentor?
Lord King [of Wartnaby]. In the BA box at Wembley for the FA Cup Final in 1992 he told me I should take the job I had been offered at Norman Broadbent but hadn't done anything about
Does money motivate you?
It doesn't, otherwise I wouldn't have been a journalist for so long
What is the most important event in your working life?
Lunch with Sir Harry Solomon at the Savoy Grill when I'd been approached to join another search firm. He told me I had another option, to start my own business, and he would back me
Whom do you most admire?
Martin Scicluna, my other half. He didn't know anyone when he came over from Malta at the age of 16. English was his second language but he worked his way up to become the youngest chairman at Deloitte and soon to be chairman of two FTSE 100 companies
What is your favourite television programme?
What does leadership mean to you?
Doing the right thing no matter how difficult or painful but also doing it in a thoughtful way
How do you relax?
Yoga and meditation, the Times crossword and Martin and I are walking the Ridgeway trail through the Chilterns in stages
Born: July 3, 1958
Education: Licensed Victuallers' School; University of Southampton (politics and international studies)
Career: 1979: local newspapers; 1986: stock market reporter, City diarist, profile writer, The Times; 1993: director, Norman Broadbent; 1999: founder and chief executive, Leonard Hull International; 2004: head of board practice, Whitehead Mann; 2009-present: founder and chief executive, Inzito Partnership
Family: Partner, three adult children from earlier marriage


Service now is available in the Asia-Latin America and North America-Latin America networks.
APL on Friday announced the extension of Eagle GO Guaranteed to its Asia-Latin America and North America-Latin America networks.
Applicable to five East-West Asia-Latin America services and three North-South America services, Eagle GO Guaranteed cargoes from the direct load ports of Asia, North America and Latin America will be assured of equipment and space onboard vessels of these APL services, the company said.
Time-sensitive shipments such as retail and electronic goods from Asia and North America can expect to be shipped to Latin America as scheduled when they are booked as Eagle GO Guaranteed cargoes, APL said, adding that Latin American shippers with seasonal fresh produce bound for Asia and North America also will have a supply chain solution.
Booking for the pay-on-demand service is available now for Asia Caribbean Express (ACE), Condor Express (CDX), Caracara Express (CRX), Falcon Express (FCX) and Quetzal Express (QEX). Each week, these services pick up cargoes from the ports of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, Singapore, Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Jamaica and Dominican Republic.
Beginning Dec. 1, Eagle GO Guaranteed will be available for APL's America Caribbean Express (ACX), West Coast 1 (WC1), West Coast 2 (WC2) services, which serve loading ports in the North American East and West Coasts as well as Central and South America ports in Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, Panama, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama.


With the new year just starting there's still time to make a tiny resolution that could pay off big in terms of happiness. Researchers have found that people are happier when they value their free time more than making extra money, according to a report published Thursday in Social Psychological and Personality Science.
It's just a small change in focus, says the study's lead author, Ashley Whillans, a researcher at the University of British Columbia. While people's tendency to prioritize money over time or time over money tended to be very stable over time, that doesn't mean it's impossible to change, she adds.
In six studies that included more than 4,600 total participants who ranged from college students to adults in the general population, the researchers found over and over again that people who chose more free time over more money were happier.
The researchers had some ingenious ways to ferret out people's attitudes towards time and money. One study included an opportunity to enter a lottery. In advance people had to specify whether they would rather win $50 cash or $120 worth of house cleaning, a clear time-saving prize.
People's level of happiness was determined through questionnaires that asked about mood and happiness.
While the differences in happiness levels in each experiment were only moderate, Whillans suspects that if people choose free time over money on a daily basis, the effects will be larger.
The findings don't surprise Gary Buffone, an expert on happiness and money, one bit.
"Research tells us that once people have established an income that addresses their basic needs, more money has little to do with a lasting sense of true happiness," says Buffone, a psychologist in private practice in Jacksonville, Fla.


The War in Afghanistan refers to a war waged by the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, The Netherlands, Australia and other countries against the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. It continues to present day. 1908 NATO soldiers killed in Afghanistan. 1,162 American soldiers, 313 British soldiers and 433 Other Coalition countries' soldiers have been killed in this war. More than +15,000 Coalition soldiers wounded in this war. 6,773 US soldiers, 3,954 UK soldiers, 1,500 Canadian soldiers and over 2,500 other Coalition soldiers wounded in this war. 5,500 Afghan army soldiers and 200 Northern Alliance militants killed in this war. 378 US civilian contractors killed while 7,224 wounded in this war. British troops are due to leave Afghanistan by the end of 2015, this is after 5 years of training the Afghanistan police to deal with threats from the Taliban.
Formal cessation took place on 28 December 2014 via a ceremony in the city of Kabul thus ending the 13 year long war. Thousands of American and other troops continued helping the Afghan government.
A U.S. Army soldier with 1st Battalion, 32nd Infantry Regiment, 10th Mountain Division, fires his weapon during a battle with insurgent forces in Barge Matal, during Operation Mountain Fire in 2009.
Ahmad Zia Massoud (left), former Vice-President of Afghanistan, shaking hands with a U.S. Provincial Reconstruction Team at the ceremony for a new road.
War in Afghanistan (2001–14) Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.