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The world is a fine place and worth fighting for
January 9th, 2008 @ 11:24 PM Music
In his book U2: At the End of the World, Bill Flanagan writes about watching Sinead O'Connor record the song "You Made Me The Thief of Your Heart" in a dimly lit recording studio surrounded by candles and flowers. It was, Flanagan noted, how he used to imagine how all of his favorite records were recorded before he became a music journalist and discovered that most of the time studios have very little of the magic to them that music fans would like to believe they have.
I mention this not because I'm pitching for a spot with Metroblogging Dublin [mbd] but because I know more than I'd like to about the recording of Matthew Good Band's The Audio of Being, and for a long time that's come between me and a really good listen to the album. It was not recorded in ideal circumstances, the Matthew Good Band was barely on speaking terms with one and other and broke up shortly after its release. It gets dismissed as the contractual obligatory record, or the one where everyone in the band went crazy and tried to buy the dolphins in the Vancouver Aquarium for the world's most expensive sushi dinner (a completely untrue rumor of excess that I'm starting right now).
For me it came at a bad time.
I'll be honest if I'm packing my infant into a space ship to launch him beyond the atmosphere as our species' last hope for survival as the world crumbles under my feet I'm going to send two records with him. (I'd send an iPod but since he might end up in 1950's Kansas that's not going to be useful at all). The first will be U2's Achtung Baby and the second will be the Matthew Good Band's Beautiful Midnight. These are the two perfect records of my lifetime. This point is completely inarguable, though your perfect records may be completely different, for me these are two works of music that mean as much to me as real events or even people.
Ridiculous, I know, but they're just markers of changes or of periods of my life and they've come to symbolize things well beyond what their creators could have conceived when they were recording them. Some people are going to get what I mean, others won't. It's going to depend on your relationship to music or to some other art form. If for you it's just something to do on a Friday night, then this is all going to sound somewhat unhinged, like a telephone call coming to you in broken English the words might be understandable but they ultimately won't add up to anything more than a plea for trans-Atlantic comprehension.
It's too rare an occurrence that I get to sit in a darkened room with a good pair of headphones on and listen, really listen, to music. That's my fault as much as it is anything else, so I can't pass this off on a job or having to redo my resume for yet another job I'll never get called back about. I'm not seventeen, and I don't spend my evenings laying on my bed trying to sort out why Michelle Smith doesn't feel the same way about me as I do her while wearing headphones and filling my head with music about people who feel the way I do confirming that I was not quite as alone in the world as I had thought.
Which is quite melodramatic, but then again I'm a sucker for The O.C. and besides high school and university is the time to be melodramatic and really believe that people mean what they say in pop songs.
Tonight I got to sit in my room on my bed and do some writing with a big pair of headphones on, listening to one of my two perfect albums. I noticed things that I had not noticed for a long time, like Matthew Good shouting "My devil's on roller skates" in my left ear eighteen seconds into "Hello Time Bomb". It doesn't really show up on most headphones, but when I caught it again after a few years it made me laugh because it was so removed from the song. It sounded like he was alone in the room shouting at the microphone from about ten feet away. It was touches like that that reminded me why I love Beautiful Midnight.
In recent years Good has distanced himself from it, and as much as I admire and enjoy his solo work it's unlikely that I'll ever feel the same way about it as I do this record. "Hello Time Bomb" may have brought in the frat boys. I've been to over a dozen Matthew Good shows over the years, and I know that the opening notes of the big hit radio single means that some shirtless yahoo is going to start running around trying to mosh not caring that the girls in the front row are being jammed up against the barrier separating the stage from the audience. I've been in the photo pit at Matthew Good Band shows, and could see the worry on the band's faces as the song that made them popular actively endangered fans below.
It's still a wonderful album, and a song like "Suburbia" which often gets overlooked by fans since it never was a single and never had a video, is honest, moving and beautiful in a way that too few songs are these days.
Listening with my headphones reaffirmed my love, and so I decided to venture deeper into the catalogue to the often overlooked The Audio of Being. It has never grabbed me like the band's other records have, or like Good's solo work has. It came out at a time where I was not looking for a CD to tell me how I felt, and by that point of my life like Bill Flanagan I knew more about how records were made. It was a record I listened to a lot, but never listened to. If you know what I mean by that then you get it, if you don't then I don't know how to explain it to you. (I told you up front this was not going to make complete sense).
The Audio of Being opens with the sort of sonic barrage that Good's largely been running from since the band broke up. The pressure from the label, the fans and even within the band, to make Beautiful Midnight II was probably overwhelming. It's easy to see the relationship between the two albums, but they're not the same. It opens with menace and recriminations, and though Beautiful Midnight invoked the devil on track two, and ended with murder, there are no cheerleaders to count us in. It is music for the end of the world. Lyrically Good would only get darker than this on "Weapon", musically the band sounds like stormtroopers marching. It's a sonic assualt that seems to belong more to something from Nine Inch Nails The Downward Spiral than anything that the band had done before.
There are strong songs on this disc, and the baby should not be thrown out with the bathwater. Good has gone on to do much more interesting work, but did reclaim some of the songs on his acoustic disc that was included with his best of album In A Coma. "Tripoli", which never did anything for me when the album was released, is now stronger because of Good's acoustic version has become so familiar. Like a lot of the songs on the album it suffers from an extra-unneeded layer of production that buries the natural strengths of Good's song writing.
Which ends up being a much too analytical way of talking about a record.
The most honest thing then that I can say about The Audio of Being is that it's a record that deserves a good pair of headphones, a dark room and someone's undivided attention.
Note: A no-prize to the person who gets how the title of the post relates to the post itself beyond thematic reasons.
Barbara Doduk (unregistered) on January 10th, 2008 @ 2:41 pm
Jeffery, what you have written is filled with such passion, your devotion to the man behind the music has never waned, this reflects that. Kudos.
I was in the Greenhouse studio quite a few times during the making of Beautiful Midnight. It was a fun time, but even then the divide between the man and the band was clear. I fondly recall the evening I popped over to visit Matt in early 2000 and he pulled out his guitar telling me he'd just written an amazing song, and he played me Advertising, and asked me what I thought. Even though AOB came out of a terrible period of his life, it was fueled by his youthful fire. IMO His passion has become too narrowly focused on politics and being so serious, and I personally feel he has lost that sense of fun he once had. I remember the days of the manifestos, the stories about a boy named Bug and the sense of humor. BM was the height of those "good" times, the pinnacle.
PS: Ernest Hemingway.
Jeffery Simpson (unregistered) on January 10th, 2008 @ 6:59 pm
While I do miss the monthly manifesto and the more light heated aspects of his work, it's hard to fault a guy for being politically aware and being passionate about something other than what we've come to expect from our celebrities.
And you're half right, it is a Hemingway quote, but that doesn't quite explain how it fits in with the content of the post (the Beautiful Midnight / The Audio of Being portion of the Matthew Good Band's career). I'd say you've got about one third of the puzzle.
When/If someone gets it it's going to be shockingly disapointing. It's a really trainspotting sort of reference.
Barbara Doduk (unregistered) on January 10th, 2008 @ 11:47 pm
I am not faulting the political interest, merely stating the fun side seems lost these days. For example Jon Stewart does politics and does it with a great sense of humour (most of the time), not that anyone can just be like JS, but you know, humour goes a long way in bringing politics to the masses.
On your topic, Let me further say, that I was there the day Genn went over and over on the guitar parts for Born to Kill. A song which I believe, at some point in the touring, there was some audio clips which MG put into the beginning, that included the EH phrase, which actually ends with "I agree with the second part."
Jeffery Simpson (unregistered) on January 11th, 2008 @ 12:57 am
We have a winner. Yes, I believe it was a quote from Seven, it was certainly Morgan Freeman's voice. The movie quote is somewhat off the EH quote, but when Morgan Freeman says something I believe it.
I've got a bootlegged live recording of Born to Kill, and it's in there. It came on last night and reminded me of it.
I'll agree with you to a point on the fun side. I do miss things like a track on an album which is essentially Good failing to play the trolley theme from Mr. Rogers, or the dialogue prior to Flashdance II. Whimsy has its place, but I'd imagine it would be hard to juggle that with his focus on international relations and human rights on his site.
And his music's focus has changed. He's doing a reverse U2, getting more serious and deadpan as he goes on.


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Stonehenge Monument
Information about Stonehenge and the surrounding landscape of the World Heritage Site.
Need a guide?
C.A. "Peter" Newham and the Station Stone Rectangle
There's an excellent little book by C.A. "Peter" Newham called "The Astronomical Significance of Stonehenge" (originally published in 1972) in which he lays out his ideas about the monument, and specifically a new thought about the possible Lunar significance of the Station Stone Rectangle.
What's not as readily available is the first publication of his ideas, which occurred in an article written by Science Correspondent Douglas Emmott in The Yorkshire Post on Saturday March 16th 1963.
The article is entitled "The Mystery of Hole G", and I've been trying to find a copy of it for years without success. Until today, when the local and family history librarian at Leeds Central Library, Helen Skilbeck, kindly sent me a scanned copy from their archives of The Yorkshire Post.
I've reproduced the text of the article here for posterity.
The Mystery of Stone G
========= BY DOUGLAS EMMOTT =========
Attention this week has once again been focused on Stonehenge, where one of the uprights was blown down in a gale.
In this article, The Yorkshire Post Science Correspondent discusses an amateur astronomer's intriguing theories which may add a new chapter to the story of Stonehenge.
STONEHENGE, that mysterious monument which rises above Salisbury Plain, may be a little less inscrutable than had been supposed.
An amateur astronomer, Mr. Peter Newham, 63, of Tadcaster, has formulated an intriguing hypothesis which, if proven, might open up whole new fields of inquiry in a subject which has yielded very little significant new information since the last major excavation nearly 40 years ago.
If Mr. Newham's line of reasoning is sound, the positions of certain hitherto inexplicable features of Stonehenge would be explained.
For the purposes of this inquiry the plan of Stonehenge given here is reduced to the elements bearing upon the new theory.
In 1846, the Rev. E. Duke discovered that the North mound 94 lined up with a stone numbered 93 at the last light of the setting sun on the shortest day of the year. Conversely, a line drawn from the South mount (92) to stone 91 aligned with the rising sun on the longest day of the year.
It was discovered, too, that the axis of the Sarsen stone circle was similarly aligned. In fact, the positions of sunrise and sunset are slightly different today owing to the progressive shift of the earth's axis.
So much, then, is established. What follows is speculation. On several occasions in the past few years Mr. Newham has visited the site and made careful observations of his own.
The first remarkable discovery he made was that a line drawn from mound 94 to 91 would appear to coincide with the point on the horizon where the moon rises at its most southerly point during its 19-year cycle.
Conversely, the line from 92 to 93 marks the moonset at its most Northerly setting point. The suggestion that these two alignments are of significance is bolstered by the curious fact that the main Sarsen circle of stones is about a yard off-centre with the outer Aubrey circle of burial holes.
Had it been quite concentric, the 92-93 sighting would have been obscured. Is this the reason for the off-centredness which has puzzled generations of archaeologists?
It must be remembered that the layout of Stonehenge has been drawn up generally with remarkable precision. The ancient architects were evidently knowledgeable geometricians: indeed, the feat of measurement would tax a modern surveyor with the most up-to-date instruments and techniques.
Unusual feature
From this point, attention is turned to another unusual feature. This is catalogued as "hole" G, the middle of three equally spaced "holes" lying to the East and just beyond the Aubrey circle, and for which there is no convincing explanation.
Most Stonehenge authorities have dismissed these disturbances as natural or "shrub-holes." Their disconcerting symmetry and the absence of similar features within the whole of the area that has been uncovered have prompted doubts in more cautious minds.
Mr. Newham has noted that a line drawn from 94 to G appears to mark the rising sun on the shortest day of the year. Mound 92 to G marks the moonrise at its most Northerly point.
Thus, six of the eight major solar/lunar events of the year are apparently accounted for within the theory. To complete the octet, Mr. Newham has postulated the existence of a further marker hole in the unexcavated part of the site about 16 yards South of 93. This he has provisionally designated G2.
Now, a line drawn from 92 to G2 would mark the setting sun on the longest day, while 94 to G2 would mark the moon set on its most Southerly point. Thus, the hypothesis has the added merit of inviting confirmation. If the hypothetical G2 should, in fact, be discovered the possibility of coincidence could be virtually eliminated. The key which now seems to fit the lock would surely turn.
Advanced culture
It would seem, therefore, that Stonehenge might be a far more comprehensive calendar in stone than has been supposed. This, in turn, would suggest that the builders of the later portions of the monument were of a more advanced culture than the native inhabitants of Britain at that time says Mr. Newham. There is supporting archaeological evidence for this view.
A few years ago, there would have been no difficulty in obtaining permission to search for positive confirmation of the existence of G2. One would simply have dug about the point indicated and sought the necessary proof.
Today, however, archaeologists tread with infinite care. In the past, crude pickaxe excavating has destroyed a wealth of detailed information which modern science would have been capable of deciphering. Such brutal methods have wrought such havoc with the "shrub-holes," for example, that it is now almost impossible to determine their real significance even with advanced techniques.
Reluctant to dig
Conscious of this fact and realising that future generations of investigators will read much greater meaning into undisturbed evidence than we might hope to do, the custodians of Stonehenge are reluctant to dig. Nearly one half of the site remains virtually unexplored below ground and only in exceptional circumstances will the Ministry of Works sanction further excavation.
It is conceivable, however, that archaeological advisers will recommend a search for Mr. Newham's ghost-hole, G2 by preliminary above-ground detection methods. Encouraging soundings would indicate a call for spade and trowel - and, perhaps, the opening of a new chapter in the story of Stonehenge.
Posted by Simon at 4:32 pm
Stones of Stonehenge
Stonehenge Barrow Map
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Home » Love Life » Shaq Wife: Who is Shaquille O'neal's Ex-Wife & Dating in 2023?
Shaq Wife: Who is Shaquille O'neal's Ex-Wife & Dating in 2023?
January 11, 2023 January 8, 2023 by Maria
Who is Shaquille O'neal Wife?
Shaquille O'Neal and Shaunie Relationship Timeline
First Meetup
Birth of First Child Shareef Rashaun
Birth of 2nd Child Amirah Sanaa O'Neal
Birth of Shaqir Rashaun The Third Child
Birth of Me'arah Sanaa O'Neal A Baby Girl
Divorce and Reconcile
Last Separation
Shaq and Shaunie O'Neal's Relationship and Splitting
Who is Shaq Dating in 2023?
Who is Shaq O'neal's New Girlfriend
Shaquille O'neal Family & Children
Shaquille O'neal Girlfriends' list
Your Queries About Shaq O'neal Wife
Does Shaq Still Have a Wife?
Is Shaq Married?
Who is Shaq's Wife?
Shaquille O'neal is a popular American former professional basketball player. Basketball is one of the most-watched sports in America. He remained in news during the last some months because of his new girlfriend Annie Ilonzeh. Both were found enjoying themselves on a beach. Shaq was already married to Shaunie O'Neal and they split in 2011.
Here in the below article, we will discuss the romantic part of the most celebrated basketball player, Shaquille O'Neal.
Shaunie O'Neal is a popular American TV personality. She has been with an NBA star for more than 9 years and has five children together.
Here is a brief timeline of the years the couple spent together.
This was July 1996 when Shaq joined Los Angeles Lakers and eventually met his future wife Shaunie who was a film marketer. After the growth of their relationship, Shaunie revealed that Shaq was the first ever athlete she dated.
On January 11, 2000, the couple welcomed their first child, a baby boy Shareef Rashaun.
On the birth of their first child Shaquille said "I don't talk about my personal life, but yes, I am a proud father,". This was the second child for Shaq because he already had a daughter with his ex-girlfriend in 1995.
On 13 November 2001, the couple welcomed their 2nd child a baby girl, Amirah Sanaa O'Neal. Shaq was happy but was fined by team management because of his absence from a practice session.
The happy couple welcomed their third child together on 19 April 2003. "He's certainly got a lot in his personal life that has to be attended to," Lakers coach Jackson said. "We're really happy for the delivery of a child … and that everyone's safe and sound and can go forward from there."
Shaq and Shaunie welcomed their fourth child a baby girl Me'arah Sanaa O'Neal on 1 May 2006. The same day Shaq played a playoff game against Chicago Bulls just hours before he met the new guest.
On the birth of Me'arah Sanaa O'Neal, Shaq said "My wife, Shaunie, and I had another beautiful baby girl, Me'arah Sanaa," Shaq said in a statement. "Each child that we have adds another lifetime of joy to our lives. Family is extremely important to me, so I was overcome with extreme happiness when Me'arah arrived healthy and beautiful."
On September 5, 2007, the former basketball player filed for divorce from his wife. According to his coach it other teammates this was shocking news for all of them.
The same year the couple somehow managed to dismiss the file for divorce.
On November 10, 2009, Shaunie filed for separation from Shaq and ended up the seven-year marriage. In Shaq's recent interview in 2022, he blames himself for the split.
Shaunie O'neal – Shaq's ex-wife
Before the relationship with Shaunie O'Neal, Shaq was in a relationship with Arnetta Yarbourgh, they have a daughter together too. Shaq's relationship with his ex-wife Shaunie started in 1997 and ended up after nine years of their marriage.
Shaq never talked much about his split with Shaunie until March 2022. On April 19 2022 he opened up about the breakup. He take all this on himself and said, "I was bad. She was awesome,"
Furthermore, he said, "It was all me. We don't need to talk about what I was doing, but I wasn't protecting her and protecting those vows. Sometimes you live that double-life and get caught up. I'm not going to say it was her. It was all me."
All that he said about their relationship reflects that he is not happy with the decision made in back 2011.
The couple had two children before their marriage on December 26, 2002, at Beverly Hills Hotel.
The question is hard to answer because after his breakup with Shaunie O'neal in 2011 he is not married. Currently, he is dating Annie Ilonzeh but they are not officially married.
According to reports Shaq has been spotted with Annie Ilonzeh in a good mood on a beach. Both looked very happy and were enjoying themselves. She is a popular celebrity and TV personality who has done many successful and popular TV shows.
The former NBA star has been dating popular model Laticia Rolle and they split in 2018.
During his vocation he has been found in Spain, enjoying his new girlfriend.
The NBA Hall of Famer Shaq O'neal has five children. As he was married to Shaunie O'Neal for more than nine years, so she is the mother of his children.
His son Shareef O'Neal is a professional basketball player who plays college basketball.
Shaq O'neal's daughter Amirah O'Neal is also a basketball player like her father and brothers.
All the children are young and energetic living a happy life. Shaq has been one of the most popular and best basketball players in NBA history. With a net worth of more than $400 million, Shaquille O'neal is one of the richest athletes and basketball players in the world.
So, Shaq O'neal's wife's name is Shaunie O'neal. She is now the ex-wife of Shaq.
Shaquille O'neal has been with a number of girls in the past.
Shaunie O'Neal (ex-wife) 1998-2009
Karrine Steffans 2004-2005
Nicole Alexander 2010-2012
Laticia Rolle 2014-2018
Laticia Rolle
Dani Nicole 2020
Annie Ilonzeh 2020
Shaq O'neal and his ex-wife Shaunie O'neal were separated in 2011. After the separation, Shaq has been seen with a number of girls but currently, he doesn't have a wife.
He is not married after his separation from his ex-wife.
Shaquille O'neal was married to Shaunie O'Neal in 2002 after a longtime relationship. The couple couldn't prolong together and got separated officially in 2011 after a verbal separation in 2009.
Shaq's ex-wife's name is Shaquille O'neal she is now his ex-wife because they were separated.
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Categories Love Life
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13 thoughts on "Shaq Wife: Who is Shaquille O'neal's Ex-Wife & Dating in 2023?"
ELLA Russell
I love my shaq I been a fan every since Lsu ..Best Of Luck
That's his business about his love life! He's still a favorite of mine. Shaq I'm on disability and would like some teeth please ❤❤❤. I have my degree BS in 1990 from Francis Marion University. I had a nervous breakdown and wasn't able to work with 4 children that are grown. All I ask is some teeth I don't have to remove. My story is sad, but God is good. I know you will never see this but you're still my favorite basketball player! God bless you and your family. Nora Kennedy respectfully! I live in South Carolina, Columbia. 🙏🙏🙏
Ljb
Well, if he can buy a perfect stranger a wedding ring for the man's fiancé; certainly he should buy some teeth for you!
Noreen Chase
Shaq should find a taller girlfriend, like…oh yeah..ME! 😉
Rocio Colon-De Bruyne
Shaq when ever your in Ohio look me up. I would love to cook for you a real Puerto Rican meal like (The King that you are) Continued Blessings, Rosie.
Vickie Baskin
The report should have said that Shaq has been with a number of women instead of "girls." Very disrepectful.
Wow what a man, what a man if you are ever in Baltimore, Maryland and want some of the best seafood in the world look me up
Once Shaq adds my name to the list, the list will end.😁
Ruqayyah
First of all, Shaquille is a gentle giant with a Big heart. I used to watch him secretly when he would come to Foshay Learning Center in Los Angeles to mentor and tutor a student. I had such a crush. This was back in the 90's. He seems to be a very humble man. I wish him happiness, peace and much love in life.
George Austin
I've enjoyed all his years of playing thank you so much for the entertainment
Shaunie was a groupie looking for gold, who stalked SHAQ at his church along with her mom. They looked him up n followed him around… I have no respect for her…🤷🏽♀
Carol Mitchell
How do you know that
How do you know that ?


This poor guitar had been a victim of shoddy workmanship. The owner bought all of the parts separately and asked his local 'guitar repairer' to assemble and set it up.
Only problem was, it didn't go so well! The guitar was practically unplayable, to the point where the owner sidelined it after one only gig because it just wasn't right!
So he brought it into us to see if we could possibly figure out just what had happened to make it so unplayable!


It has been pouring and blowing a gale here in Sydney. It's my midweek day off from paid work and I must say I am pretty happy (not to mention dry!) to be witnessing the buffeting behind glass rather than in the flesh as I had the two days before. However, our poor not-so-mini schnauzer Mozart is well and truly suffering cabin fever and being trapped indoors with a 15 month old is going to be trying too. Miss One has recently taken to walking but still prefers to have the security of a parental hand, so I am doing riveting rounds of our little 100 year old terrace most of the morning. I know I could escape by distracting her with toys, musical instruments and books (and heaven forbid, a bit of iPad "Animal Band" action) but I am mindful that my baby girl will only be this young once so when she is reaching out to be with me, I embrace and cherish her snuggling and nuzzling. So I have plenty of time to ponder life, food and other things while we sing "Wheels on the Bus" for the 31st time and walk around in circles.
I must confess that being a mum doesn't always come naturally to me (or at least I don't see myself as instinctively maternal, clucky, mother hen or however you would describe those women who are all that) but loving this little girl does. So while there are times I have to remind myself to relinquish the controlling/achieving side of myself and not worry that I am not getting anything done, I never regret the moments, the hours, the days when I am consciously present and engaged with this little person who is just a little pocket rocket of pure light, wonder and sweetness.
Relishing the day's fate of toddling around with a little hand in mine, I knew I had to cook something with minimal preparation and cooking effort. Then I remembered — isn't there all that hype about one pot meals, one pot recipes, one pot method, one pot this, one pot that ? …. Hmmm….actually one pot sounds like a great idea!
Now I am a visual person so thinking "one pot", an image of dry spaghetti, meat balls, herbs and tomatoes all in a big stockpot on a Woollies recipe card comes to mind. That's the inspiration for today's creation. Pasta: yes! Bub likes pasta. So here is my stab at a one pot wonder!
So into a large corningware (you can use any baking ware with a lid), I threw half a box of fusilli, grated bowls of zucchini and pumpkin, chopped mushroom, a tin of diced tomatoes, tin of salmon (it is good to know that canned salmon retains all the nutritional benefits of fresh salmon while being more affordable and convenient!), and half a litre of milk. After mixing it all up, I baked it for 40 minutes at 175°C. Then I stirred in some bocconcini and parmesan cheese for stickiness and extra tastiness and baked it for a further 20 minutes (these cooking times are intentionally long to make the pasta extra soft for bubs so if you want it to be al dente, reduce the initial cooking time by 10-15minutes). And voila!
This is almost literally a hands-free recipe and the result was a tasty pasta dish full of essential nutrients for the dearest little person in our lives. It made quite a volume so I was able to freeze 5 serves.
Best of all, I can report that Miss One has happily demolished three meals in as many days and, as the texture is a little sticky, she found it easy to feed all of it to herself!
An easy one pot recipe full of goodness for the busy parent who prefers to spend their time playing with their little ones than stirring over a hot stove.
In a large oven proof container with lid, mix the salmon, vegetables and dry pasta.
Thoroughly stir through the diced tomatoes (including juices) and milk. Place the lid on the container and bake for 40 minutes.
Stir in the cheeses and bake for another 20 minutes (again with the lid on).


Chips Ahoy! is a brand of cookie, baked and marketed by Nabisco, a subsidiary of Mondelēz International, that debuted in 1963. It is widely sold in the United States, Latin America (where its name in some countries is "Choco Chips"), South Africa, Canada, Latvia, Spain, Portugal, China, Indonesia, Taiwan, United Kingdom, Italy and many more regions. It is marketed in varieties of 1 ounce (28 g) mini-sized cookie packages to around 48 ounces (1,400 g) packages of standard-sized cookies. It is the third best-selling cookie in the United States after Oreo, also a Nabisco-branded cookie, with an average of US$619.4 million in sales per year. By the 1980s, several different varieties of the cookie snack were being baked and shipped to grocery stores: chewy, sprinkled, and striped. In Indonesia, Chips Ahoy! was relaunched in September 2015 after the product was discontinued in that country in the early 2010s.
Nabisco says the name is "a reference to the nautical term, Ships Ahoy!". The words "Chips Ahoy!" also feature prominently in a story appearing in Chapter 15 of "The Uncommercial Traveller", by Charles Dickens. Dickens relays a childhood tale of a girlfriend, named Chipselle, who is taunted by a bully who tormented her endlessly with, "Chips Ahoy!" There is also a 1956 American animated theatrical short titled Chips Ahoy.


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Q: Button Not Showing Up In Layout despite addressing other similar questions I don't quite understand why these buttons won't appear in my layout screen, could someone please explain why?
The textview shows up fine
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        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/text_string"/>

    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

A: Your TextView is taking up all of the space do to the height and width being match_parent. And since LinearLayouts are laid out in sequential order there's no space for anything that comes after it.
<TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        android:gravity="center"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

Change that to wrap_content, use layout_weight, or a specific dimension (whatever suits your needs).

A: This is a simple fix. Turn the device "horizontal" and you can see the button.

A: you can still set the TextView to match_parent. But remember to set a margin and layout weight.
Take a look at my snippet below
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_margin="10dp"

    >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="3"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:text="Hello World!"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:text="Submit"/>

</LinearLayout>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Team Everlast athlete, Jon Jones, is widely regarded as the best mixed martial arts fighter in the world and as one of the greatest fighters of all time. At Submission Underground 2, Jones went against the Dan Henderson, an Olympic wrestler and retired MMA fighter. He was the first mixed martial artist to hold two titles in two different weight classes in a major MMA promotion. This grappling match was scheduled for eight minutes, and was a highly anticipated match up as they were scheduled to fight in the octagon a couple years back.
Hendo was confident his bread and butter background of wrestling would make Jones tap, as Jones is known for as a striker. But Jones is stacked with tricks up his sleeves and confident in his natural athleticism, not just where his obvious strengths lie.
Jones went into the cage comfortable and ready for some fun. As soon as you saw the two across from each other in the cage, it was clear Jones had size on Hendo. Out of habit or more for the crowd, Jones pawed out some jabs and even telegraphed a spinning back fist as if showing Hendo and the audience a glimpse of what this match would be like if it were sanctioned by the UFC. Hendo was in good spirits, also enjoying it, but was serious about the his craft and stuck strictly to his wrestling tendencies.
In the sixth minute, Jones was on top and you can tell the way he maneuvers Henderson's arm that it wasn't looking favorable for good old Hendo. Jones had great positioning, as well as immense strength to lock Hendo in an arm-triangle choke at 6:39. Hendo tapped, and the ref came and ended the match. Jones was very respectful and grateful to Henderson for the opportunity. He commented on Dan's brutal strength, and Dan commented on the great job Jones did to sneak in the arm-triangle.
Jones will be cleared to enter the octagon in July 2017, but before then you can expect to see Jones battle Sonnen in a grappling match on January 29 at Submission Underground 3.
"I'm thinking me and you, Chael, should do a little something something," spoke Jones, who defeated Sonnen back at UFC 159 with a first-round TKO.
"In that case, I will see you Jan. 29," Sonnen replied, after Jones challenged him right after his win in Portland, OR. Chael Sonnen is the owner and promoter of Submission Underground Grappling. As always, Jones does not disappoint, and we look forward to an exciting 2017!


text:
Fuelmaker: Vehicle Refueling Appliance
Judul Asli: 39-0046-Issue7-July2002-FMQ-10-FMQ-8-36-FMQ-7-42-Install-OperateInstructions
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Deskripsi: FuelMaker, Installation and Operating Instructions, Models FMQ-10, FMQ-8-36 & FMQ-7-42 (39.0046, Issue 7, July 2012)
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0046 Issue 7, July 2002
The VRA Shall Only be Installed by Trained and Certified Personnel and
Shall Only be Operated by a Trained Vehicle Owner or Operator
FuelMaker Corporation
70 Worcester Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M9W 5X2
Technical Support (North America): 1-800-263-8569
Technical Support (International): +1-416-674-3034 (extension 258)
Internet: www.fuelmaker.com
FuelMaker
Models FMQ-10,
FMQ-8-36 & FMQ-7-42
Vehicle Refueling Appliance
Installation and Operating Instructions
Models FMQ-10, FMQ-8-36 and FMQ-7-42
Issue 7, July 2002 39.0046
1. NO USER-SERVICEABLE COMPONENTS
The FMQ-8-36 / FMQ-10 / FMQ-7-42 Vehicle Refueling
Appliance (VRA) Modules (Control Module,
Compression Module, Electronics Module, Motor
Module) shall only be field-replaced by personnel
specifically trained and authorized by FuelMaker
Do not attempt to dismantle the modules or tamper with
any components. To do so will void all warranties and
could result in serious injury.
2. READ INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY
Please read this manual carefully and those of other
equipment supplied prior to installation and operation.
If you experience any difficulties or are unsure about any
feature, contact FuelMakers Technical Support Group at :
1-800-263-8569 (North America)
+1-416-674-3034 extension 258 (International)
3. LOCATION OF THE VRA
The VRA is to be installed outdoors in non-hazardous
locations as defined by the C22.1 Canadian Electrical Code
(Canada), and the NFPA 70 National Electrical Code
(USA). Do not install the VRA under or near a window or
directly under potential gas accumulating overhangs.
Leaves, snow and other debris should be kept clear of the
air inlet and outlet of the VRA. Do not install the VRA
beneath overhangs which can shed snow or rain directly
onto the unit. The VRA and the cylinders being filled must
be located so they are both exposed to the same ambient
temperature during refueling.
4. FOR NATURAL GAS ONLY
The VRA is for use with Natural Gas only and shall not be
used for any purpose other than the refueling of cylinders
certified for gas storage at a pressure of 20.7 MPa (3000
psi) or higher for the Model FMQ-10, 24.8 MPa (3600 psi)
or higher for the Model FMQ-8-36, or 31.0 MPa (4500 psi)
or higher for the Model FMQ-7-42. Attempts to use the
VRA for any other purpose could result in serious
The VRA may be used for residential, commercial and
industrial applications only in accordance with the
requirements of the authorities having jurisdiction.
Do not run vehicle engine while refueling and ensure all
ignition sources are OFF (including pilot lights in
recreational vehicles). Do not smoke or bring an open
flame within 3 m (10 ft.) of the vehicle being refueled.
5. IF YOU SMELL GAS
Shut off the manually-operated valve in the gas supply to
the VRA. If possible, close the manual gas valve of the
storage cylinder being refueled. Extinguish any open
flames. Contact an authorized service representative.
1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................
2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................
3 INSTALLATION ..........................................................................................................................................................
3.1 GENERAL .. .........................................................................................................................................................
3.2 LOCATION OF THE VRA ....................................................................................................................................
Positioning of Base ....................................................................................................................................................
Vehicle Refueling Point ...........................................................................................................................................
Gas and Electrical Supplies ......................................................................................................................................
Sound Levels .. ......................................................................................................................................................
Protection from Vehicle Impact ...............................................................................................................................
3.3 INSTALLATION OF THE VRA ..........................................................................................................................
Mounting to Base ......................................................................................................................................................
Low Pressure Gas Piping - Inlet Side ......................................................................................................................
High Pressure Gas Piping - Outlet Side ..................................................................................................................
Manifolded Time-Fill .......................................................................................................................................
Storage .. .......................................................................................................................................................
Vent Connection ...............................................................................................................................................
Field Wiring .. .......................................................................................................................................................
Low Voltage Operation ............................................................................................................................................
Pressure Start System (Optional) ............................................................................................................................
Field Programming ...................................................................................................................................................
4 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING ..............................................................................................................................
5 USER PANEL OPERATION - MODES ........................................................................................................................
5.1 MODES OF THE VRA ............................................................................................................................................
6 FAULT DIAGNOSTICS .................................................................................................................................................
6.1 ERROR CODES .......................................................................................................................................................
7 SERVICE. ..........................................................................................................................................................
7.1 SERVICE INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................
Service Interval .........................................................................................................................................................
Removing the VRA ...................................................................................................................................................
APPENDIX A: ANCILLARY DEVICES ...............................................................................................................................
Table 1 Technical Specifications ...................................................................................................................................
Table 2 Shutdown Pressure vs. Ambient Temperature ...............................................................................................
Table 3 User Panel Indications Display Modes .........................................................................................................
Table 4 User Panel Indications Error Codes .............................................................................................................
Figure 1 Service Clearances and Mounting Dimensions ...............................................................................................
Figure 2 VRA Exterior Main Components .................................................................................................................
Figure 3 Electrical Wiring .............................................................................................................................................
Figure 4 Electronics Module Components .....................................................................................................................
Figure 5 VRA Interior Main Components ..................................................................................................................
Figure 6 User Panel .........................................................................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd)
The FuelMaker model FMQ-10, FMQ-8-36, and FMQ-7-42
Vehicle Refueling Appliances (VRAs) are self-contained oil-
free outdoor appliances used for Natural Gas refueling of
vehicles and storage cylinders. The VRA can be configured
for remote time-fill applications by connecting to a Remote
Fueling Panel (RFP) or for manifolded time-fill applications
by connecting to one or more Auxiliary Fueling Panels
(AFP). The VRA can also be connected to a Fast-Fill Storage
System for use with fast-fill applications.
The model FMQ-10 is designed to fill 20.7 MPa (3000 psi)
fuel systems at a nominal flow rate of 17 m
/hr (10 scfm).
The model FMQ-8-26 is designed to fill 24.8 MPa (3600 psi)
fuel systems at a nominal flow rate of 12.9 m
/hr (7.6 scfm).
The VRA contains ambient temperature sensors which allow
the electronics module to determine the maximum
temperature compensated fill pressure the VRA will deliver to
the storage cylinder. This prevents over-pressurization of the
fuel cylinder should it warm up after being filled.
The VRA is air-cooled and is rated for an operating ambient
temperature range of -40C to +46C (-40F to +115F). Air
is drawn into the VRA through a set of louvers on the bottom
of the housing and is exhausted through another set of louvers
on the top of the housing (See Figure 2). The VRA has a
User Panel located at the front of the unit where the current
operating status and error messages are displayed.
The VRA has no capacity for connecting directly to a fuel
cylinder. Refueling is accomplished using one of several
ancillary devices connected to the VRA (see Appendix A).
If a model FMQ-8-36 or FMQ-7-42 VRA is used to fill a
system designed to deliver fuel to a vehicle with a lower
pressure rating, a pressure compensating system must be
installed to ensure the vehicle cylinder is not over-
pressurized. Serious injury or damage to the equipment
may result if these precautions are not taken.
2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
GAS FMQ-10 FMQ-8-36
Maximum Discharge Pressure:
Minimum Inlet Pressure:
Maximum Inlet Pressure:
Nominal Flow Rate (60 Hz):
20.7 MPa @ 21C (3000 psig @ 70F)
6.9 kPa (1.0 psig) at rated flow *
8.6 kPa (1.25 psig) at rated flow
/hr @ 21C and 8.6 kPa inlet
(10 SCFM @ 70F and 1.25 psig inlet)
/hr @15C and 8.6 kPa inlet
(7.6 SCFM @ 59F and 1.25 psig inlet)
Electrical Supply:
Circuit Ampacity:
Full Load Amperage (60/50 Hz):
Average Power Consumption:
240 Volt AC, Single Phase, 60 Hz
28/26 Amps
3.6 to 4.8 kW
Unit Weight / Shipping Weight:
Noise Level:
Ambient Temperature Rating:
848 mm x 1228 mm x 813 mm (33 x 48 x 32)
263 kg (580 lbs) / 308 kg (680 lbs)
66 dBA @ 5 m (16.5 ft), hemispherical field
-40C to +46C (-40F to +115F)
* 1.7 kPa (0.25 psig) inlet option available
FMQ-7-42
Table 1 Technical Specifications
Before installing the VRA, ensure that both the power and
gas supply have been turned off.
Note: VRAs equipped with Pressure Start are AGA
certified for commercial and industrial applications only
in the United States of America.
Inspect the unit for shipping damage and report any to your
distributor as soon as possible. Please do not return
product to the manufacturer without prior
authorization.
Verify that the nameplate ratings of the VRA are compatible
with the electrical and gas supplies available. In Canada, the
VRA shall be installed in accordance with CGA 149.1, CGA
B108, C22.1 Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1 and with
requirements of the authorities having jurisdiction. In the
United States, the VRA shall be installed in accordance with
NFPA 52 CNG Vehicular Fuel Systems, NFPA 70 National
Electrical Code, NFPA 54 National Fuel Gas Code and with
The Installer shall instruct the User in the proper operation
of the VRA and any approved ancillary devices. Before
leaving the site, the Installer shall leave the Installation and
Operating Instructions and any ancillary device manuals with
the User.
3.2 LOCATION OF THE VRA
Positioning of Base
The VRA must be installed outdoors only. The VRAs must
be mounted on a firm, level, non-combustible base such as a
poured or pre-cast concrete slab placed on a suitably
prepared base (e.g. crushed stone 150 mm (6") deep). It can
also be placed directly onto an asphalt or other suitable hard
Ensure that the servicing clearances stated on the
nameplate are maintained (See Figure 1).
Avoid areas where damage from excessive ice build-up may
occur such as building overhangs or where vegetation, snow
or debris may clog the inlet or outlet air louvers. Do not
install the VRA beneath overhangs which can shed snow or
rain directly onto the unit.
Do not install the VRA under or near a window or directly
under potential gas accumulating overhangs or under/near
hot air exhaust from a building.
Figure 1 Service Clearances and Mounting Dimensions
750 mm (29-1/2")
Mounting feet center
Rear 0.3 m (1 ft.)
0.6 m (2 ft.)
Top 0.9 m (3 ft.)
0.6 m ( 2 ft.)
(43-7/8") M
ounting feet center
Mounting Holes
" diameter
38.1 mm (1.5")
Local codes and regulations take precedence over any
recommendations contained in these instructions. Particular
attention should be paid to codes dealing with fuel storage,
vehicle refueling, and permissible sound levels at the
property line.
Vehicle Refueling Point
The refueling of cylinders is accomplished using one of
several ancillary devices connected to the VRA. One or
more FuelMaker Auxiliary Fueling Panels (AFPs) or
Remote Fueling Panels (RFPs) can be connected to the VRA
through high pressure tubing to permit single or multiple
vehicle refueling stations. The VRA can also be connected
to a storage system to allow for fast fill applications. The
VRA is supplied with a 1/4" compression fitting to connect
the high pressure tubing to these devices.
the electronics module to adjust the maximum fill pressure
delivered to the cylinder in order to prevent over-
pressurization should it warm up after filling. The VRA
must be installed in an area with the same ambient
temperature as the cylinder being refueled. If an RFP is
used to fill the cylinder, the ambient temperature sensors in
the RFP override the VRAs sensors to determine the
maximum fill pressure to deliver.
Gas and Electrical Supplies
The VRA requires a dedicated 240 Volt, 40 Amp, 60 Hertz
(or 220 Volt, 40 Amp 50 Hertz), Single Phase electrical
supply, see figure 3 for typical electrical installation
schematics. Lower input voltage to the VRA can cause the
unit to overheat and shut off during warm weather - see
Field Wiring section in this manual.
The required flow rate for the Natural Gas supply for the
model FMQ-10 is approximately 17.0 m
/hr (10 scfm), for
the model FMQ-8-36 is approximately 13.6 m
/hr (8.0scfm),
and for the model FMQ-7-42 is approximately 11.9 m
(7.0 scfm) at a supply pressure between 6.9 and 8.6 kPa (1.0
and 1.25 psig). Higher pressure may damage the controls
module or cause the compression module to overheat and
shut off.
Consideration should be given to the cost of wiring and
piping in determining the location of the VRA. The VRA
should only be installed in areas where the local gas utility
provides relatively dry gas, typically with not more than
110mg/m
(7 lbs per million cubic feet) of water vapor. To
avoid wet gas problems, especially when the VRA is
connected to storage, a low pressure molecular sieve gas
dryer should be installed upstream of the VRA.
Sound Levels
The VRA is designed to ensure a sound pressure level of less
Figure 2 VRA Exterior Main Components
Top Lid
Vent Connection
3/8 NPT
Shutter for
Port for Remote Start Cable
(1/2 conduit knock-out for
conduit termination.)
Lid - Electronics Module
Air Outlets
REAR OF UNIT
Port for Remote
Panel (R410) Cable
L.P. Gas Inlet, 1 NPT
(1-1/4 NPT with 7 w.c. option
Programming Port
H.P. Gas Connection, 1/4" Tube
than 66 dBA (hemispherical field) at a distance of 5 m
(16.5ft). Be aware that some local codes restrict the sound
pressure level at the property line. Units should not be
located where direct or reflected noise is aimed at
neighboring windows or other building openings. Avoid
locating the unit near a sound reflecting surface or between
buildings which are close together.
Protection from Vehicle Impact
If the VRA must be located where it may be struck, provision
must be made to protect the VRA from damage. Typically,
2m (7 ft) long, 100 mm (4 in) diameter concrete filled steel
posts spaced no more than 0.6 m (2 ft) apart are sunk 1 m
(3.5 ft) into the ground between the VRA and the flow of
traffic to act as a barrier against impact. Heavy squared
timbers may also be used. The local gas distribution utility
should be consulted to determine what practice is locally
accepted by the authorities having jurisdiction.
3.3 INSTALLATION OF THE VRA
It is extremely important to properly ream and debur all
tubing and pipe to prevent any potential restrictions to the
flow of gas through the system. Ensure that all oil, metal
shavings and other debris are removed from the tubing
before final assembly.
Mounting to Base
Prepare the base as explained in Section 3.2. The VRA is
equipped with adjustable leveling feet. The four feet can be
adjusted by turning the nut on the foot with a 1-1/8" hex
wrench. A carpenters level may be placed on top of the
unit to assist in the leveling operation. Lag Bolts (3/8" or
7/16") and anchors must be used to secure the VRA feet to
the base; the locations of the mounting bolt holes in the VRA
base are indicated in Figure 1. It is very important to bolt
the VRA to the base to prevent movement of the unit and to
prevent undue stress on the inlet piping.
Low Pressure Gas Piping - Inlet Side
The gas supply is connected to the VRA via an NPT nipple
provided (See Figure 2). A coupling and transition fittings
need to be field-supplied in order to adapt to the supply
piping system. Where the supply piping is fixed to a wall, a
flex connector may be required to prevent noise transmission
into the building. A shut-off valve and test port are required
in the inlet piping to the VRA to facilitate servicing of the
It is important to clean any contaminants such as cutting oil,
rust, and metal shavings out of the interior of the gas inlet
piping. Pipe dope and other sealing compounds must not
enter the piping. Ream and debur all piping and tubing
The VRA must be connected to the gas supply using 1" or
larger pipe (1-1/4" or larger with 7 w.c. option). In order
to prevent operation with excessively low pressures at the
gas inlet to the VRA (e.g. as a result of a partially closed
shut-off valve), the VRA has been equipped with a low-
pressure switch.
The VRA may shut down due to low inlet pressure when
other gas loads (e.g. furnace, water heaters, etc.) draw from
the gas supply system. The utility regulator set should be
provided by the local gas utility with the orifice/spring/
setting appropriate for the maximum gas load that the system
will experience. The Installer shall ensure that the VRA and
integral low-pressure cut-off switch operate so as to prevent
a piping system pressure loss in excess of that specified in
CAN/CGA B149.1 Natural Gas Installation Code in Canada
or NFPA 54 in the United States.
IMPORTANT: The low inlet pressure regulator upstream
of the VRA must be sized correctly for the rated flow.
Pressure at the inlet to the VRA must be in accordance
with the rating plate specifications. Run the VRA while
simultaneously operating all major gas appliances on the
User's system in order to verify the regulator setting. If the
VRA shuts down from low inlet pressure, the gas regulator
must be re-adjusted.
High Pressure Gas Piping - Outlet Side:
Manifolded Time-Fill
The VRA has a 1/4" bulkhead compression fitting at the rear
of the unit to connect to the refueling point through high
pressure outlet tubing. All tubing and fittings must be
approved and must conform with CGA B108 in Canada or
NFPA52 in the United States. The VRA is equipped with a
check valve to maintain the blowdown capacity of the unit.
Refer to the Installation and Operating Instructions for the
refueling equipment.
The fill hose assembly must be equipped with an AGA/CGA
NGV1 Type 2 or 3 refueling nozzle that is approved for
Natural Gas Slow-Fill applications. The nozzle must seal
reliably throughout the temperature range and conditions
anticipated for the location. An integral normally-closed
poppet valve in the nozzle is absolutely essential as it must
maintain a positive pressure in the VRAs blowdown system
at all times; air must not migrate up the fill hose and into the
blowdown vessel during standby.
AGA/CGA NGV1 Type 2 and 3 approved nozzles are
available from FuelMaker Corporation. The fill hose
incorporates a fitting and a seal to connect the refueling
nozzle. Various adapters are available from FuelMaker to
facilitate the attachment of various nozzles, including
angular or straight take-offs. The fill hose is pre-coiled to
allow it to be stored neatly.
At the completion of each refueling cycle the high pressure
gas contained in the tubing inside the VRA is discharged into
the blowdown vessel (See Figure 5). This procedure reduces
the pressure at the outlet of the VRA allowing the
compression module to be safely restarted.
The VRA can also be connected to other VRAs via manifold
adapter assemblies and tubing.
To disconnect a vehicle from a manifolded system, the fill
hose assembly must be equipped with a Nozzle Vent Valve.
This will relieve the pressure in the fill nozzle to allow
CAUTION: The high pressure tubing is not blown down;
high pressure remains in the tubing and hoses at all
times and caution must be exercised when servicing the
tubing, hoses, nozzles or high pressure fittings.
When VRAs are connected to a manifolded system with
AFPs or RFPs the line must be equipped with a Pressure
Relief Valve and Purge Valve. This will allow the fill hose
to be reconnected in the event of a breakaway.
The VRA can be connected to a Fast-Fill Storage System
with 1/4 stainless steel high pressure tubing. The Fast-Fill
Storage System incorporates a check valve at the high
pressure inlet to the storage tanks. When connecting the
VRA to a Fast-Fill Storage System, refer to the Installation
and Operating Instructions for that product.
CAUTION: High pressure tubing between the VRA and
the Fast-Fill Storage System is not blown down; high
pressure remains in this stainless steel tubing at all times
and caution must be exercised when servicing the tubing
or pressure fittings.
A 3/8" NPT vent connection (See Figure 2) is protected
from blockage by ice or insects by a screen fitting. The
Vent discharges any gas released by the pressure relief
valve in order to protect the blowdown system from over-
pressurization. If the VRA must be installed near building
openings, a 10 mm (3/8") minimum inside diameter steel
vent line (or equivalent) must be connected to the 3/8" NPT
vent connection and routed to a safe place for discharge as
required by local codes. The maximum allowable length for
a 10 mm (3/8) remote vent line is 5m (17 ft) to protect the
low pressure switch from over-pressurization. Be sure to
transfer the screen fitting to the end of the remote vent line
(if applicable) to protect it from blockage. Contact
FuelMaker if a longer remote vent line is required.
It is extremely important to install the remote vent line in
such a way that rain or snow cannot enter the tubing and
freeze. Terminate the vent line in a downwards-facing
U or goose neck to prevent rain or snow from
entering the line. Do not allow ice to build up at the open
vent connection or the remote vent line termination. The
vent line must remain clear to be able to vent gas and
protect the blowdown system from over-pressurization.
Field Wiring
The VRA has been wired at the factory and is ready for
connection to the customers electrical supply. Armoured
cable consisting of two #8 gauge copper wires plus a ground
(AWG8) is recommended for bringing power from the main
electrical panel to the VRA. The cable must be routed inside
the VRA through the opening at the rear panel (see Figure 2)
to the electronics module (See Figure 4). There is a 3/4"
opening at the rear of the electronics module dedicated to
routing the electrical supply.
The termination can be made using any of the cable glands
specified for the selected cable. If the size of the cable
gland is less than 3/4", a proper reducer must be used.
The electrical wiring must comply with the latest revision of
the Canadian Electrical Code Part 1 in Canada, or the
National Electrical Code NEC in the United States and the
requirements of the authority having jurisdiction. Each
branch circuit from the service panel feeding the VRA
should be protected from over-current by a separate 2 pole
40 amp circuit breaker or time delay fuse disconnect. In
addition to the over-current protection device, a disconnect
switch (rated 40 Amps minimum) must be installed within
sight and within 30 feet of the VRA. Refer to Figure 3 for
details of electrical wiring.
To make electrical connections, Line 1 and Line 2 wires
must be routed directly to the terminals of the input power
contactor (See Figure 4). Use 2.5 Nm (22 in-lbs) torque to
properly secure wires at the terminals. The Ground wire
must be connected to the ground lug located in the
electronics module.
When connected to a Fast-Fill Storage System, the VRA is
controlled by an Emergency Shutdown Device (ESD). Refer
to the Fast-Fill Storage System Installation and Operating
Instructions manual for further details.
Low Voltage Operation
At some installations, there is a potential that the 240/220
volt (60/50 Hz) line voltage to the VRA can drop to values
below 230/200 Volts when the supply transformer gets
loaded with other power consuming devices on site. On
warm days, this can cause the unit to shut down due to the
overheating of the motors.
Upon installation of the VRA, measure the line voltage at the
input power contactor in the electronics module (see Figure
4). The supply voltage must NOT be below 230/200 Volts
when the VRA unit is running at full pressure and when all
other power consuming devices connected to the Users
supply transformer are operating. If voltage values of
230/200 Volts or lower are measured at the terminals of the
input power contactor, the transformer must be adjusted to
provide a line voltage above 230/200 Volts and as close as
possible to the 240/220 Volt specification of the unit. An
alternative to increasing the line voltage is to use an
appropriately sized Buck Boost transformer.
Pressure Start System (Optional)
VRAs equipped with the Pressure Start option will re-start
automatically and fill a fast-fill storage system or manifold
line. All VRAs are equipped with automatic temperature
compensation and will shut down at a maximum pressure
determined by the ambient temperature sensed at the VRA
(See Table 2). When connected to a fast-fill storage system
or manifold line, the Pressure Start System continuously
monitors the line pressure and turns the VRA on when the
line pressure drops below a pre-determined level.
Figure 3 Electrical Wiring
Service Panel
Min. Circuit Breaker
Rating 240 V AC 40A
(Min. 240 V 40A)
VRA VRA
Field Programming
A field programmer is available from FuelMaker
Corporation to allow the installer or service personnel to
change the following parameters in the field:
recognition of Remote Panel connected to the VRA
recognition of an External Interlock (eg. Natural Gas
Detector) connected
maximum Fill Time
Pressure Start drop setting
Upon receipt of a new VRA, the parameters have been
factory set to:
Remote Panel not connected
External Interlock Device not connected
maximum Fill Time unlimited
Pressure Start Drop 30 bar (400 psig) if shipped with
Pressure Start Option .
The field programmer can be connected to the electronics
module via the port located on the upper electronics board
(See Figure 2). To connect the field programmer, remove
the termination plug installed in the programming port. For
programming procedures follow the instructions included
with the field programmer. The limited fill time option is a
measure to detect possible leaks (e.g. through damaged hose
etc.). A shorter fill time setting ensures greater safety in the
case of a leak. Select the shortest possible fill time suitable
for the application. The unlimited fill time should be used
only in the case of very large storage and frequent vehicle
refueling. The User must be made aware that leakage will
not be monitored when using this setting.
After changing any of the settings, a power reset must be
performed. Power down the VRA at the main electrical
switch for 15 seconds and turn ON again. If this
procedure is not followed, the unit will not start. 07
will be shown on the display.
Figure 4 Electronics Module Components
Remote Device
External Interlock
240/220 VAC
Ground Lug
LED Status Display
Ambient Temperature Sensors
Motor Module
Connections (1 4)
Fan Module Connections
Hourmeters (1 4)
Controls Module with
Blow Down Vessel
Figure 5 VRA Interior - Main Components
Compression Module
Gas Inlet Fitting
Motor Cable Passthrough
Pocket for storing Hourmeter
Compression Module #4 (cowl removed)
Compression Module #3
To commission (and service) the VRA, an approved high
pressure 20.7 MPa (3000 psig), 24.8 MPa (3600 psig) or
29.0 MPa (4200 psig) test cylinder assembly (Test Kit) with
a nominal volume of 2 liters is required. A 20.7 MPa (3000
psig) Test Kit (P/N TK-4), 24.8 MPa (3600 psig) Test Kit
(TK-36), and a 29.0 MPa (4200 psig) Test Kit (TK-42) are
available from FuelMaker Corporation. The test kits are
supplied with a receptacle, a hand-operated vent valve, a
calibrated pressure gauge, and a pressure relief device.
TK-4 and TK-36 test kits are equipped with a refueling re-
ceptacle that mates with the CGA/AGA NGV 1 20.7 MPa
(3000 psig) or 24.8 MPa (3600 psig) fill nozzles respec-
tively. TK-42 test kits are equipped with a unique receptacle
Purge the Natural Gas supply piping of air as follows:
Attach the fill hose to the Test Kit via the refueling noz-
zle, and then open the vent valve.
Verify that the cooling fans are operating by checking
for air flow out of the top of each of the Air Outlet
Shrouds.
Purge the VRA of air by running it on natural gas and
venting the gas through the Test Kit vent valve until the
odourant is detected (approximately 30 seconds).
Note: A gas dryer will remove the odourant from the gas
for the first 50 hours of operation after installation or a
recharge. Therefore, run the unit for 30 seconds to purge
the system during this time.
After purging, close the vent valve and allow the VRA to
fill the test cylinder until the VRA shuts off with the
"Full" indication on the User Panel (e.g. FL display).
The Test Kit cylinder should be full within 3 minutes,
and the shut-off pressure should be within the allowable
limits for ambient temperature as indicated in Table 2.
If the shutdown pressure is out of tolerance then refer to
the Diagnostic and Field Service Instructions.
Following installation, the fittings should be leak-tested us-
ing a suitable portable gas detector or soap solution. The
high pressure connections should be leak-checked while the
VRA is in operation filling the Test Kit cylinder in the range
of 19.0 - 20.7 MPa (2750 3000 psig) for a model FMQ-10,
23.8 - 24.8 MPa (3400 - 3600 psig) for a model FMQ-8-36
or 27.6 - 29.0 MPa (4000 - 4200 psig) for a model
FMQ-7-42. As a minimum, the following locations must be
leak-tested:
All inlet piping connections
All high pressure tubing connections including the high
pressure tubing, breakaway fitting(s) and refueling noz-
zle(s)
The screen fitting at the end of the vent line (small leaks
from the pressure relief valve may not be detected by
the VRA's fault diagnostic system). Ensure that the leak-
detection fluid does not freeze and block the vent line.
Safety precautions require that the internal components of
the VRA be inaccessible to the User and other unauthorized
persons. Ensure that all panels and fasteners are installed
before leaving site.
Table 2 Shutdown Pressure vs. Ambient Temperature
FMQ-10 FMQ-8-36
20.7 MPa @ 21C (3000 psig @ 70F) 24.8 MPa / 3600 psig @ 15C / 59F
18.3 MPa / 2660 psig @ 10C / 50F 23.2 MPa / 3370 psig @ 10C / 50F
16.6 MPa / 2410 psig @ 0C / 32F 21.0 MPa / 3050 psig @ 0C / 32F
15.0 MPa / 2180 psig @ -10C / 14F 18.8 MPa / 2730 psig @ -10C / 14F
13.3 MPa / 1930 psig @ - 20C / -4F 16.5 MPa / 2390 psig @ -20C / -4F
11.6 MPa / 1690 psig @ -30C / -22F 14.3 MPa / 2073 psig @ -30C / -22F
Note: Pressure readout may vary 1 MPa / 145 psig from the above theoretical values.
29.0 MPa / 4200 psig @ 16C / 60F
24.7 MPa / 3586 psig @ 0C / 32F
22.0 MPa / 3193 psig @ -10C / 14F
19.3 MPa / 2801 psig @ -20C / -4F
16.6 MPa / 2408 psig @ -30C / -22F
4 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING
The VRA is started automatically whenever certain
conditions are met depending upon the start options installed
(see Appendix A). The VRA will stop when the storage
cylinder has been filled to the maximum temperature
compensated pressure is reached, or when a critical error is
encountered. The user panel of the VRA has a 2 digit LED
display where the current operating status and error
messages are shown.
When the VRA is first started, the 2 digit LED display will
briefly display 88 and the cooling fans will begin
operating. Next, the display will start cycling 0 in a
clockwise direction. After approximately 10 seconds, the
compression modules will start in sequence, one at a time.
The starting sequence takes approximately 50 seconds to
Upon shut-down at maximum pressure, the display indicates
FL. The pressure in the fill nozzle must be reduced before
the it may be removed from the cylinder. Turn the nozzle
vent valve to the VENT position and wait several seconds
for the pressure in the nozzle to drop before disconnecting
the refueling hose assembly.
The cooling fans will continue to operate for 10 minutes
after the VRA shuts down. The display will light alternating
corners (upper right and lower left) while the cooling
process continues.
5.1 MODES OF THE VRA
The mode displayed on the user panel describes the state of
the VRA (what the unit is doing now or how the last fill
cycle was terminated). It is appears on the User Panel as a
combination of LED characters.
The mode is displayed as long as the condition is present.
5 USER PANEL OPERATION - MODES
Figure 6 User Panel
Error Code Refer to Operating Instructions for Corrective Action
Call For Service Error can not be Reset by Operator
Air Inlet for Temperature Sensor
2 Digit LED User Display
Error Modes
LED Display / Description Action
Unit is running. VRA will shut down automatically when cylinder is full
or when a critical error is detected.
Tank Full Full condition was reached and the VRA shut down normally on the last fill cycle.
Ready The unit was just powered up. The VRA may be operated as usual.
Cooling Unit is cooling. The VRA may be operated as usual.
LED Check LED display test. The VRA may be operated as usual.
Table 3 User Panel Indications Display Modes
6.1 ERROR CODES
An Error Code contains information about the nature of a
fault in the VRA.
The Error Codes are retrieved by viewing the LED Display
on the User Panel
The error code will continue to be displayed until the fault
has been corrected. Certain error codes will lock-out the
VRA. When this happens, press and hold the reset button on
the electronics module for 5 seconds and then power the unit
down. Restore power after 15 seconds.
In general, it is good practice to power the VRA down for 15
seconds to reset all internal data before any tests are
performed.
When more than one error occurs, the VRA will display all of
the errors in sequence.
WARNING: Apply extreme caution when pressing the
Reset button. HIGH VOLTAGE is present in some
components of the electronics module. DO NOT TOUCH
any other components of the electronics module to avoid
serious injury or death.
6 FAULT DIAGNOSTICS
Table 4 User Panel Indications Error Codes
LED Display /
Numeric Code
Description Possible Cause Corrective Action
Factory Calibration of
Contact your Local Authorized Dealer.
Call for Service
The last fill cycle was terminated by a
fault in the VRA. Retrieve Error Codes
to determine specific cause of message.
To restart the VRA the Reset Button (the white but-
ton on the Control Board - see Figure 4 for loca-
tion) must be pressed.
Pressure limit
Maximum allowable pressure limit has
been reached due to a failure in the unit
Test ambient temperature sensor circuit.
Factory Programming of
Insufficient Inlet Pressure
Main shut-off valve closed at the inlet
to the VRA.
Pressure regulator set too low.
Insufficient diameter of the inlet pipe.
The control module not compatible
with the pressure system.
LPS switch faulty.
Open the valve.
Check regulator setting to ensure adequate flow.
Test Low Pressure Switch circuit.
Refer to rating plate on the VRA
Refer to the Diagnostics and Field Service
Instructions manual.
Low Input Power Voltage
Main Input Power Voltage has dropped
below 208 Volts
Test supply voltage.
Test fuses and circuit breakers.
Refer to section 3.3 Field Wiring.
Maximum Running Time
Exceeded
Leak in the high pressure connections.
Low flow of the VRA.
Maximum Fill Time parameter
programmed too short for current ap-
plication.
Check integrity of the high pressure lines.
Test flow of compression modules.
Program the Maximum Fill Time appropriate to the
volume of vehicle tank (Slow Fill) or consumption
of gas (Fast Fill). Refer to the Diagnostics and Field
Service Instructions manual.
Insufficient Pressure Rise
below 30 bar (435 psig)
Initial fill of a very large storage.
Check for leaks.
Restart the VRA until pressure reaches 30 bar (435
psig) or isolate part of the storage to achieve a
faster rise of the fill pressure or restrict flow to the
storage to create back pressure grater than 30 bar
(435 psig). Check if all compression modules are
running and correct.
Test flow. Refer to the Diagnostics and Field
Service Instructions manual for the test procedure.
Power Reset Required Programmable settings have changed.
Turn power off for 5 seconds, then restore power.
LED Display / Description Possible Cause Corrective Action
Sudden Pressure Drop to
Below 30 bar g (435 psig)
Damage to the high pressure
Failure of the Combi-Valve.
Test High Pressure Transducer circuit.
Test combi-valve circuit.
Test Combination Valve. See Section 5.3 of the Diag-
nostics and Field Service Instructions manual for the
test procedure.
Excessive Blowdown
Fill hose / tubing between the VRA and
filled tank too long.
Leaking check valve at the vehicle
receptacle or at the storage.
Plugged vent connection to the Con-
trol Module.
Check hose for length, compare to specification.
Test check valves for leaks.
Check vent outlet for debris or ice, inspect tubing for
sharp bends.
Less Than 100 Hours to
Service Interval
(Compression Module 1)
Compression modules have a
mandatory service interval of 4000
Compression Module requires replacement within the
next 100 hours or module will be locked out.
Excessive Surface
(Motor Module 1)
Cooling fan not operating or at
reduced capacity.
Input voltage out of specified range.
Low air flow over compression
Check fan operation. Test motor circuit continuity.
Check for low voltage.
Check inlet air flow. Ensure that there is no blockage
of air intake vents.
Excessive Motor
Cooling fan not operating.
Reduced air flow over compression
Motor module shorted.
Test motor module circuit.
Faulty Hourmeter
Compression Module 1 incompatible
to the pressure system.
Hourmeter damaged.
Check type of the Compression Module - CPQ2 for
FMQ-10, CPQ2-36 for FMQ-8-36, and CPQ2-42 for
FMQ-7-42. Test Hourmeter.
Service Interval Overdue
Compression Module 1 operating
beyond mandatory service interval.
Incompatible Compression
Module Pressure Rating
Sensor Failure
Test surface temperature sensor circuit.
Ruptured Burst Disc
Ruptured burst disc.
High pressure transducer failure.
Test Compression Module flow rate.
Test HPT circuit.
Table 4 Error Codes (continued)
Check fan operation. Test motor circuit
continuity.
Check inlet air flow. Ensure that there is no
blockage of air intake vents.
Check type of the Compression Module - CPQ2
for FMQ-10, CPQ2-36 for FMQ-8-36, and
CPQ2-42 for FMQ-7-42. Test Hourmeter.
Compression Module requires replacement within
the next 100 hours or module will be locked out.
Number Code
FMQ-10, CPQ2-36 for FMQ-8-36, and CPQ2-42
for FMQ-7-42. Test Hourmeter.
Input Power Contactor
Replace Electronics Module.
Run Relay Failure (Motor 1)
Test supply voltage and fuses.
Start Relay Failure (Motor 1)
Start Contactor Failure
Start/Stop button Failure
Check electronics module lid clearance.
Reference Voltage Failure
Test input voltage.
Ambient Temperature Sensor
Ambient Temperature Out of
Combi Valve Failure
Test combi valve circuit.
Replace Controls Module or Electronics Module.
Combi Valve Relay Failure
Replace Electronics Module or Controls Module.
No Communication with
Remote Fueling Panel (RFP).
Check interface cable and connections.
Replace RFP. Refer to RFP Installation and
Operating Instruction manual.
RFP Detected But not
Programmed
Reprogram RFP.
RFP Reference Voltage
Replace RFP.
RFP Ambient Temperature
Sensor Out of Range
Test RFP ambient temperature sensor circuit.
RFP / RS / IS Start Signal
Start VRA manually.
Replace start option.
RFP Stop Signal Failure
Stop VRA manually.
Replace RFP
RS / IS
External Interlock Detected
But Not Programmed
Check external interlock programming.
External Interlock Failure
Test external interlock circuit.
Incompatible Remote Device
Pressure Start System
Test pressure start circuit.
Pressure Start Failure
No communication with P50
Test shut down pressure against ambient
Display Test
Controls Module
HPT Failure
High pressure Transducer has failed.
Incompatible Controls
Blowdown System Failure
Fill hose / tubing between the VRA
and filled tank too long.
Control circuit of the Combi Valve
Test Combi Valve.
Check vent line for blockages.
Inspect vehicle check valve.
Power Was Interrupted
Check that Disconnect Switch and Breaker
are on at all times.
7.1 SERVICE INTRODUCTION
Safety precautions require that the VRAs internal
components be inaccessible to the User and other
unauthorized personnel. Accordingly the top lid and the
electronics module lid must be re-installed by authorized
service personnel before they leave the site. Only authorized
service representatives may service the VRA at the Users
premises.
Any detailed service not described in this document must
only be carried out by FuelMaker Corporation Service Staff
at a factory service facility. Service undertaken by
unauthorized persons may cause the VRA to operate
incorrectly and may result in damage, serious injury or
At the time of publication, FuelMaker Corporation requires
that each compression module be serviced after every 4000
hours of running time. Depending on the local gas quality or
technical advancements, the service interval may be
increased beyond 4000 hours in the future. Either 10, 20, 30
or 40, depending upon which compression module is
involved, will appear on the User Panel display indicating to
the User that the unit must be serviced within the next 100
hours. If the compression module is not serviced soon, the
fill pressure and/or flow may be reduced, and the VRA may
shut down in Call for Service mode (CS).
The following modules must be serviced or reconditioned at
one of FuelMaker Corporations service facilities only:
Compression Module (required after 4000 hours, or if a
fault is indicated by the diagnostics)
Controls Module (if a fault is indicated by the
diagnostics)
Electronics Module (if a fault is indicated by the
Motor Module (if a fault is indicated by the diagnostics)
Cooling Fan (if noisy or vibrating excessively, or if a
fault is indicated)
All normal safety precautions must be
observed when undertaking on-site service
and replacement of VRA modules.
Removing the VRA
If for any reason the entire VRA needs to be removed:
All normal safety precautions must be observed when
disconnecting the VRA.
Turn off the electrical power supply to the VRA.
Disconnect the power supply wires from the electronics
module (See Figure 4).
Remove the power supply cable from the unit.
Turn off and disconnect the gas supply.
Release the pressure inside the blow-down system by
loosening the high pressure tubing to the inlet side of
the check valve.
Plug the gas inlet and vent connections before
transporting the VRA to prevent the contamination of
internal components.
Undo the lag bolts at the mounting feet of the VRA.
The whole unit is now ready to be lifted with a forklift
or a crane using sling harnesses.
APPENDIX A: ANCILLARY DEVICES
The VRA has no capacity to connect a refueling hose assem-
bly and no user accessible controls to start or stop the unit.
Additional ancillary devices are required to connect to fuel
cylinders and to control the VRAs operation.
A.1 PRESSURE START
This is the standard configuration for the VRA and may only
be used with a pressurized manifold. A high pressure trans-
ducer within the housing of the VRA continuously monitors
the pressure in the manifold line and will signal the electron-
ics module to restart the compression modules when a suffi-
cient drop in pressure is detected. The pressure start drop
setting is programmed into the electronics module using a
Field Programmer.
Fueling points (i.e. remote fueling panels or auxiliary fuel-
ing panels) must still be provided to connect the refueling
hose assemblies to.
When filling a cylinder, the refueling nozzle is attached to
the receptacle and the nozzle vent valve is turned to the
FILL position. The compressed natural gas in the mani-
fold line will flow into the cylinder and the pressure in the
line will drop. When a sufficient drop in pressure is de-
tected, the VRA will start and continue to run until the pres-
sure reaches the maximum temperature compensated value.
A.2 REMOTE FUELING PANEL
A remote fueling panel (RFP) is connected to a VRA through
high pressure tubing and provides a means to connect to the
cylinder for refueling. The RFP is typically installed in-
doors. The RFP incorporates a manifold block which can
accept one or two refueling hose assemblies. An RFP also
houses a control panel with START and STOP buttons
and 3 warning lights to display the current status of the VRA.
The RFP also incorporates ambient temperature sensors
which override those in the VRA when determining the
maximum temperature compensated pressure to deliver to
the cylinder.
When an RFP is to be used, the electronics module in the
VRA must be programmed to accept input from the RFP.
Only a one RFP may be connected to a single VRA.
An RFP may be used without a pressurized manifold system
if the total length of tubing between the RFP and the VRA
does not exceed certain limits (refer to the RFP manual for
more details).
Connect the refueling nozzle to the cylinder and, where
equipped, turn the nozzle vent valve to the FILL position.
Push the START button to activate the VRA and begin the
fueling cycle. The unit will shut down automatically when
the cylinder reaches its maximum temperature compensated
pressure. The VRA can also be shut down by pushing the
STOP button. The 3 LEDs show the current operating
status of the VRA and will display some of the error codes
generated by the VRA. Refer to the RFP manual for more
A.3 AUXILIARY FUELING PANEL
The Auxiliary Fueling Panel (AFP) is similar to the RFP as
it provides a means to connect up to 2 refueling hose assem-
blies. The AFP does not contain the user panel or ambient
temperature sensors of the RFP. Multiple AFPs may be
connected to one or more VRAs as the customer requires. If
mounted indoors, an AFP must be installed in conjunction
with an RFP.
An AFP may be used without a pressurized manifold system
if the total length of tubing between the AFP and the VRA
does not exceed specified limits (refer to the AFP manual for
more details) and if another ancillary device is installed
which controls the operation of the VRA (i.e. RFP, remote
start).
When used with a pressurized manifold (i.e. Pressure Start),
connect the refueling nozzle to the receptacle and turn the
nozzle vent valve to the FILL position. When used with
other start devices, connect the refueling nozzle to the recep-
tacle and activate the other system (i.e. push the START
button on the RFP or remote start system).
A.4 REMOTE START
The VRA has no means for the user to start or stop the unit.
A Remote Start System (RSS) adds a START button at a
location near to the fueling point. Pressing the button will
start all of the VRAs connected to that switch. The VRA(s)
will continue to run until the maximum temperature compen-
sated pressure is reached in the cylinder.
A.5 FAST FILL & INTEGRATED START
Time-fill, also called Direct-Fill applications take time to fill
a cylinder. Shorter filling times can be achieved by using
pressurized storage cylinders to fill a vehicle tank instead of
the VRA. FuelMaker offers the model FF350 Fast Fill Stor-
age System to provide fast-fill capability to a VRA installa-
The storage cylinders are kept pressurized and have a larger
volume than the vehicle tank so the fueling cycle will take
seconds or minutes instead of hours. The pressure start
system in the VRA monitors the pressure in the storage cyl-
inders and will restart when a sufficient pressure drop is de-
tected. In this configuration, the VRA replenishes the gas in
the storage cylinders and not in the vehicle.
The maximum pressure in the vehicle tank will not be as
high as with time-fill applications since the maximum pres-
sure has already been reached in the storage system. The
existing pressure is equalized between the storage and vehi-
cle tanks, so the maximum pressure reached by the end of
the fill cycle will be lower. Topping off the tank is possible
with the FF350 by a control on the storage system that al-
lows a direct connection to the VRA.
To achieve a fill closer to the ideal vehicle tank pressure,
the storage system is typically divided into 3 banks which
are tapped sequentially. When the first bank has equalized
pressure with the vehicle tank, the second bank is con-
nected. When it has finished, the third bank is connected
and equalized to complete the fill cycle. Switching between
banks is handled by the operator turning a manual valve.
If the pressure start system is not installed in the VRA, an
Integrated Start option is available. The integrated start
system is installed in the FF350 and will start the VRA to
replenish the cylinders when the main valve is moved from
the first to second position. The VRA will shut down when
the maximum temperature compensated pressure is reached
in the storage cylinders.
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text:
Mansfield elementary schools closed again Wednesday
The National Weather Service has forecast a high of 91 degrees in Richland County on Wednesday.
Mansfield elementary schools closed again Wednesday The National Weather Service has forecast a high of 91 degrees in Richland County on Wednesday. Check out this story on mansfieldnewsjournal.com: https://ohne.ws/2NNLFEz
Zach Tuggle, Mansfield News Journal Published 2:15 p.m. ET Sept. 4, 2018 | Updated 5:53 p.m. ET Sept. 4, 2018
Mansfield Spanish Immersion Elementary School(Photo: Jason J. Molyet/News Journal)Buy Photo
MANSFIELD - Elementary students in Mansfield will have the day off again Wednesday, the school district announced Tuesday afternoon. St. Peter's School will also be closed Wednesday.
Lexington Schools will release two hours early Wednesday, school officials decided Tuesday. Both the junior high and the senior high buildings will dismiss at 12:30 p.m., and the elementary students will be dismissed at 1:30 p.m. There will be no afternoon preschool or kindergarten in Lexington.
"A forecast of excessive heat has prompted the closing of Prospect, Sherman, Springmill STEM and Woodland elementary schools and the Spanish Immersion School on Wednesday, Sept. 5," confirmed Larry Gibbs, the school district's public relations consultant, in an email. "None of the buildings has air-conditioning."
Malabar Intermediate, Mansfield Middle School and Mansfield Senior High will remain open as scheduled.
The closure will be the third of the year for the five schools, all due to heat.
Read or Share this story: https://ohne.ws/2NNLFEz