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Georgette Sheridan
Crucial Fact
Her favourite word was reform.
Last in Parliament April 1997, as Liberal MP for Saskatoon—Humboldt (Saskatchewan)
Lost her last election, in 1997, with 26% of the vote.
Statements in the House
Canadian Human Rights Act April 30th, 1996
Mr. Speaker, I underline what my colleague has just said. Bill C-33 is about human rights protection from discrimination. It is not about destroying the Canadian family.
My family values, like those of many Canadians, include the values of tolerance, equity, justice and decency. Bill C-33 is not about conferring special rights on special groups. Bill C-33 is not about promoting lifestyles. It ought to be pointed out that the term sexual orientation which is being added to the bill is a neutral term that includes both homosexuality and heterosexuality.
It is my belief that we are judged as a society not by how we enhance the lives of the powerful but rather, how we look out for the vulnerable among us. For this reason, I am proud to be judged by the protection put in place by Bill C-33, legislation that for many Canadians will replace the raised fist with a sheltering arm.
Mr. Speaker, Canadians are not tolerable but tolerant. We are proud of that tolerance and of our range of views.
My province of Saskatchewan is no different from any other part of Canada. One of our most famous native sons is a former prime minister, the Right. Hon. John Diefenbaker, who brought forward the first Canadian bill of rights to protect, among other things, ethnicity, which was of particular concern to him.
Canadians are right to look to their Liberal government for leadership on this issue, to stand up for the vulnerable and not to do the politically expedient thing, not to govern by 1-900 numbers like the Reform Party.
Canadians would be ill advised to rely on the Reform Party for any assistance on this very important issue. The members of this party are pen pals with Newt Gingrich and the American right. This is a party that would take us back to the days of "Father Knows Best". This is a party that when Pat Buchanan burps, its leader says "pardon me".
Madam Speaker, I will be sharing my time with the hon. member for Nunatsiaq.
It is with some impatience that I rise today to speak in support of Bill C-33. I say impatience because the policy embodied in this legislation has long been supported by the Liberal Party of Canada.
Some 20 years ago the Liberal Party of Canada agreed that discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation should be prohibited. The Liberal Party passed a resolution in 1978 that urged a revised Canadian Constitution to guarantee fundamental human
rights in order to prohibit discrimination by virtue of, among other things, sexual orientation.
In 1985, just over 10 years ago, the Liberal Party participated in an all-party House of Commons committee that unanimously endorsed the resolution that this amendment should be made. More recently, at the 1994 biennial convention of the Liberal Party a resolution supporting this amendment was passed.
The amendment was promised during the federal election campaign. I campaigned on this promise. The Prime Minister has put his commitment behind this both during the campaign and in putting forward this legislation through the justice minister.
Speaking of the justice minister, he has repeatedly promised in the House that this commitment would be honoured. The Star Phoenix , the home newspaper in Saskatoon, wrote an editorial on March 26 with the caption that this protection was long overdue.
It also urged politicians to take the risk of doing the right thing even if it might not be the most politically expedient thing.
If everyone agrees that this is long overdue what has been the hold up? Why did this amendment not pass years ago? It is my belief that the biggest obstacle to this amendment is lack of information. Misinformation is sometimes deliberately put and it can be a complicated issue in terms of legislation and legalities.
Let me take this opportunity to set the record straight. Let us look at exactly what Bill C-33 does and does not do. This section applies to federal legislation. It applies to employment in and the provisions of goods and services delivered by the federal government and federally regulated businesses such as banks and airlines. These organizations employ approximately 10 per cent or 11 per cent of the workforce. Most employers such as schools, small businesses, religious and cultural organizations are regulated provincially and will not be affected by this proposal.
This proposal is not particularly earth shattering either. The amendment to the Canadian Human Rights Act merely brings the federal legislation into line with most corresponding provincial and territorial laws, with court decisions that have provided gays and lesbians with the same protection from discrimination under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as other Canadians, and with the unanimous recommendations of the 1985 all-party parliamentary subcommittee report.
Eight provinces and territories, including my home province of Saskatchewan, have already amended their human rights legislation to include sexual orientation.
Why is the amendment needed? This is a question we constantly hear from the members of the Reform Party. Why do we need this protection for this group in society? As it stands right now there are two ways individuals can be protected from discrimination in this country. The first is under the Canadian Human Rights Act to the extent that it applies to the individual in question. The second is under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
The difficulty is that when there is a gap in either of those pieces of legislation the Canadian who is a victim of discrimination must resort to the judicial system. We all know that resorting to the judicial system can be both expensive and risky.
I cite as an example two recent court decisions on the matter of sexual orientation. First, the Ontario Court of Appeal has suggested that sexual orientation ought to be read into the legislation when it is not present. Second, the Alberta Court of Appeal stated that is indeed not the case. The only way to resolve that discrepancy is through the Supreme Court of Canada which may or may not hear the case.
A more simple approach would be to codify this protection in federal legislation, which is what this bill is here to do today.
No one in this country should suffer discrimination because of their sexual orientation. This is a matter of fairness and fundamental justice. It is not up to us to judge people's homosexuality or heterosexuality, but we must protect all Canadians from discrimination in our society.
Both the courts and the people of Canada have recognized that gays and lesbians are a group at risk. They have been disadvantaged historically, stereotyped, they have suffered considerable prejudice and discrimination in our society. No one should be considered any less than a full member of society because of their homosexuality.
As I said earlier, the greatest impediment to passing this legislation is ignorance of the facts. The controversy surrounding this issue particularly in the media, which is fuelled by the party opposite, has resulted in many of my constituents being confused. They have written to me with questions about what this legislation will do. We cannot be disrespectful of the emotional side of this issue or of the deeply held feelings of many Canadians, including some within my own caucus.
However, my belief as a mother and as a teacher has always been that the best antidote to misinformation is information. Let us have a look at the bill to see what it will do. In framing my responses I will refer questions in a generic form that I have received from my constituents.
The question most often asked is related to the special benefit issue. This question is fueled by the Reform Party, that somehow Bill C-33 is to give special benefits to this group in our society.
The proof is in the pudding. Sexual orientation has been consi-dered prohibited grounds of discrimination under provincial law since 1977.
No one could credibly argue that the provincial legislation has conferred special rights on any other groups protected by that legislation. Although each of the characteristics is now expressly covered by the existing statute, it is obvious that no special rights are conferred. It will be no different for sexual orientation. The amendment will prohibit discrimination in areas of federal jurisdiction, including employment and access to goods and services.
Another type of question I have often received from constituents has to do with whether the amendment will lead to benefits for same sex partners. That is unlikely to be the case. In fact, it will not be the case given the experience we have had with a similar provision in provincial legislation.
Another question is will the legislation not lead to adoption by same sex couples. The answer is no. Matters of adoption are primarily under provincial jurisdiction, not federal. The amendment does not in any way deal with matters covered in Bill C-167 proposed by the Ontario government in 1994.
The amendment deals with discrimination in employment, accommodation and provision of services and nothing else. It does not condone or condemn homosexuality or heterosexuality.
Section 2 of Bill C-33 simply adds to the existing legislation sexual orientation as a grounds of prohibited discrimination. I highlight that because a question related to the same sex adoption question concerns the impact this legislation will have on the family.
There is a belief that protecting gays and lesbians from discrimination will bring about the end of the family as we know it. I am offended by the implication that somehow gays and lesbians are not part of the Canadian family. Let us not forget the human side of this issue. Gays and lesbians are not aliens from outer space. They are our brothers, sisters, grandchildren, sons and daughters.
Will Bill C-33 lead to the destruction of the family? No, it will not. The proof lies partly in the application of existing provincial laws, but also in the preamble to Bill C-33. The second part of the preamble states:
And whereas the government recognizes and affirms the importance of family as the foundation of Canadian society and that nothing in this act alters its fundamental role in society;
Another question of great concern to many of my constituents is what impact this legislation might have on churches and religious organizations in terms of their teachings and with regard to the hiring and firing of their staff. There is nothing in the Canadian Human Rights Act amendment that would affect that.
In relation to the matter of the churches, the amendment has been endorsed by the United Church of Canada, the Anglican Church, B'nai Brith, the Canadian Jewish Congress and the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops, which is of special interest to some people in my constituency. The Canadian bishops are in step with the opinions of their church community and Canadians in general. The polls have shown that most Canadians support the amendment.
War Crimes April 26th, 1996
Mr. Speaker, my question is for the Minister of Foreign Affairs, who recently travelled to the former Yugoslavia to see firsthand the tragic impact of this war on human lives.
Given the importance of fostering respect for human rights and building a lasting peace, can the minister tell the House of Canada's role in the prosecution of war criminals?
Canada Book Day April 25th, 1996
Mr. Speaker, today is Canada Book Day. As a self-confessed bookworm, I am proud of the government's record in promoting literacy, a prerequisite to full participation in Canada Book Day.
We promised in the red book to restore the national literacy program. Not only has this been done, but the Prime Minister has also appointed a minister responsible for literacy. Under her able leadership, the national literacy program has been restored and many Canadians are on their way to acquiring the literacy skills needed to participate fully in the workplace and in society.
It takes more than government policy and initiatives to implement this however. Tribute must also be paid to the thousands of volunteers across Canada who show their commitment to the cause of literacy by working with their local literacy groups.
This being National Volunteer Week, I can think of no better time to acknowledge the efforts of the Saskatoon Literacy Coalition. Each year, volunteers like Eleanor Charman and Ruth Thompson, and many others, organize a fundraising spelling bee in which I have had the honour and pleasure of participating. Thanks as well to the contributions of small businesses like the Broadway Theatre that housed the spelling bee.
The slogan of Canada Book Week is: "Read a book and see what happens".
Ytv Achievement Awards April 22nd, 1996
Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to 36 young Canadians who are recipients of the seventh annual YTV Achievement Awards and to welcome them to the national capital region.
These outstanding young achievers were chosen from among 1,500 nominees across the country. Each one has an incredible story to tell. Some have been recognized for their bravery, others for their public service or even their entrepreneurial skills. Among their numbers are writers, visual artists, dancers, musicians, singers, actors, athletes, but all have been recognized by the YTV Achievement Awards for these talents.
As a member of Parliament for Saskatchewan, I offer my congratulations to all these young Canadians, with a special tip of the hat to Mr. Shane Cuddington, 17 years old from Manor, Saskatchewan, a constituent of my friend and colleague, the member for Souris-Moose Mountain.
Shane has been recognized for his entrepreneurial skills, having started a landscaping business providing an ever increasing and more specialized variety of services to some 200 clients.
Shane will be among the award winners at the YTV awards to be broadcast live on Sunday, April 28 from Toronto.
Department Of Human Resources Development Act April 18th, 1996
Mr. Speaker, again I think the member is encumbered with a lot of rhetoric and misapprehension of the facts as they exist.
As I said in my speech, it was that member and all of his friends across the way who wanted the Government of Canada to keep its nose out of their affairs during the time leading up to the referendum in Quebec.
In response to the concerns of people in Quebec and all across the country the Prime Minister made a commitment at the end of last year. He stated that the Government of Canada would withdraw from labour market training, apprenticeship programs, co-operative education programs and so on. This seems to be exactly what the member opposite was saying, that we should let the government that is in the best position to understand local needs design the programs. This has been delivered on.
I know the member is full of fuss and bother this afternoon but it has nothing to do with any failure of this government to deliver on those promises.
Mr. Speaker, my initial response to the member's question would be the same as the introduction to my speech: What does the Bloc Quebecois want? On the one hand it is saying to keep our nose out of its affairs; on the other hand it is saying to do more for it specifically and do not worry about the interests of other Canadians.
The business of governing this country as a country is to take into account the interests of all Canadians. The minister is taking a positive step forward in doing that. He is doing it in Quebec in the same way he is doing it in any other region of the country. As part of the family, we all share and share alike.
Sooner or later the member opposite will have to figure out what he wants.
Mr. Speaker, I hope the hon. member for Hochelaga-Maisonneuve will not be disappointed, but I will try to stand in for my colleague from Kingston and the Islands as best I can.
I would preface my remarks by saying that as a woman I have often been plagued by the question: What do women want? I could translate that by saying: What does a Bloc Quebecois want?
I listened to my colleague opposite asking for the minister to do away with duplication and overlap and to deal with the province of Quebec, i would answer him by saying that is exactly what this bill proposes.
Mr. Speaker, when the bill now before us was tabled in this House last June 7, and this March 7, a number of us were amazed that the Bloc was so strongly opposed to it. Many of us were amazed at their heroic efforts to delay passage of a bill which has as its sole purpose the regularization of a government administrative restructuring that took place two years before. Amazed yes, but not in the least surprised.
At that point we were on the verge of the referendum campaign and the opposition wasted no opportunity to try and convince Quebecers of the dark intentions of the federal government. Nor did they waste any opportunity to hinder the smooth operations of government, to hold up to scrutiny every little action or statement by members of the government, as a diversionary tactic. It is easy to understand what was behind their actions at that time, but then the referendum came along and Canada remained Canada.
When the bill came back, the opposition began to sing the same tune again, to throw up the same roadblocks, but for a different reason. This time it was a sort of warm up in preparation for their opposition to the employment insurance bill the minister was going to introduce shortly. Here again, their reasons for acting on the federal level to immobilize and oppose any proposed change are easily understood.
The reasons were clearly demonstrated recently, on March 12, when it proposed that the bill on employment insurance be withdrawn even though everyone agrees that the current employment insurance program is in need of reform.
However, one important change has taken place since the last time the bill to establish the Department of Human Resources Development was debated.
Meanwhile, the Quebec employment minister agreed, after meeting with the federal minister, to discuss our proposal regarding employment insurance. Discussions are still going on with Quebec, as well as with all other provinces. Quebec is interested in the formula proposed because it will allow updating the management of worker adjustment programs; because it is consistent with its own goals regarding decentralization in favour of regions; and because the federal government has clearly indicated its intention to withdraw from manpower training.
For a large part employment insurance entails decentralization and partnership with provinces. If clause 20 allows the minister to enter into agreements with a province, financial institutions or similar agencies it is simply because we have taken into consideration, by adapting them, section 7 of the Employment Department and Commission Act, section 6 of the Heritage Department Act and section 5 of the existing Department of Labour Act.
The Department of Human Resources Development Act does not give the minister any powers other than those already being exercised. It does not confer any powers that were not previously exercised, respectively, by the ministers responsible. What is involved, essentially, is internal management. In other words, hypothetically even if the bill were never passed the minister would still continue to do everything he does now. When the bill is passed the minister will not be doing anything more or anything less than what he has been doing until now.
We all know we must invest in our human resources if we want to stay ahead of the world's nations in terms of quality of life.
This bill reconfirms the basic mission given to that department by the Government of Canada by bringing under the same roof all initiatives and programs designed to help Canadians at all stages of life: learning, work and retirement. In fact, as the bill stipulates, the powers, duties and functions of the minister "are to be exercised with the objective of enhancing employment, encouraging equality and promoting social security".
The act to establish the Department of Human Resources Development is especially designed to allow the department to continue helping put Canadians back to work.
To do so, we need a legislation which provides a simple and integrated mechanism in order to clarify the role of the department and the responsibilities of the minister with respect to the Canadian people.
Members of this House have had ample opportunity to thoroughly examine and discuss the bill which will put an end to this transitional phase, a transitional phase not only for this department but for the entire government reorganization.
I therefore believe it is time to put an end to it now and to consider other issues far more crucial for Canadians and the future of this country.
Petitions March 29th, 1996
Mr. Speaker, pursuant to Standing Order 36, I have the honour to present two petitions, one from the residents of the city of Saskatoon and the second from the rural portion in my riding, including communities such as Annaheim, Naicam, Muenster, Humboldt and St. Gregor, urging this government not to increase the federal excise tax in the 1996 budget.
Of course the petitioners were pleased with the minister's announcement on March 6 not to raise any taxes, but they will be pleased to remind him of this for next year's budget.
News articles via Google News.


Monica Castelino is an Indian TV and Bollywood actress. Monica Castelino Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Husband & More.
Monica Castelino is an Indian TV and Bollywood actress, who works in Indian films and television serials. She rose to fame for his Various roles in Sony TV stand-up comedy show 'The Kapil Sharma Show'. She is an avid animal lover.
She was born on The year 1982, in the city of Mumbai, India. Monica Castelino age is 37 years old. Monica holds the citizenship of India and her residence is in Mumbai. She is Christian and follows Christianity religion. There is no information about her educational background.
She belongs to a Christian family. His parents and siblings information is not available. Monica Castelino had married to Satyaprakash Singh in July 2010 but the couple gets divorced in 2011 Currently, this beautiful lady is single and not dating anyone.
Also Read: Niharica Raizada | Barkha Singh | Loveleen Kaur Wiki & Biography.
She is an Indian actress. She started her acting career via Bollywood action film 'Kaalia' as Kala in 1997. She became popular for her role in films like Shikaar, Undertial, Dekh Bhai Dekh, meri Partigya, and Minsara Kanna etc.
Monica is also a very famous Indian Television actress. In 2009, She has also started working in TV serials like Pratigya, YARO Ka Tashan, Pyaar Kii Ye Ek Kahaani, Har Mard Ka Dard and Hunted Nights etc. Monica Castelino net worth and salary information are not available. But being a famous actress, we can assume that she earns a good amount of money from her profession.
Monica Castelino height is 5'6" in feet-inches (168 cm) and body weight is 124 Pounds (56-Kg). Her Body Measurements are 34-28-34 Inches. Monica Bra Size is 34B, Waist 28 Inch and Hip Size is 34 Inch. She has dark brown colored eyes and black color hair. Body Type is Slim.
These were the latest information about Monica Castelino Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Husband & More. Hopefully, you would like this information, and if you have any suggestions, then you must tell us in the comment box below. Please share this post with your friends and keep visit on celebsinfofeed.blogspot.com for celebrities biographical updates. Share your wishes, experience in the comment box below | Thank You!.


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Nestlé commits to 100% cage-free eggs in the United States
Our partner Nestlé, the world's largest food company, have announced a ground breaking commitment to source only cage-free eggs for all of their products in the United States.
The announcement is the latest in a wave of recent commitments from other companies in the United States, who have also turned their backs on battery cages for hens. Nestlé uses an estimated 20 million pounds of eggs for its products so this decision, which will be fully implemented across their supply chains by 2020, will dramatically improve the lives of millions of hens for years to come. What's more, Nestlé have also made strong commitments in countries outside of the United States where they will strive to match the standards they are setting in North America.
Next, read about Panera Bread's cage-free commitment
Partnering to protect animals
We announced our global partnership with Nestlé last year and have been working with them to develop their expertise on animal protection as a vital part of their Responsible Sourcing Strategy. Our focus is to ensure the highest possible levels of welfare for the rearing and caring of the millions of animals involved in global food production.
This pledge from Nestlé is the first of many major announcements to come as we continue to work together.
Martin Cooke, our International Head of Corporate Engagement, said, "Nearly 300 million hens in the U.S. are kept in barren, battery cages where each hen lives on a space smaller than an iPad, unable to stretch their wings or move around freely; all to produce one of our most basic food staples – eggs."
"We are proud to partner with Nestlé who are listening to their customers' concerns and putting animal welfare at the forefront of their purchasing power. They are taking a responsible approach to their sourcing of eggs, which will ultimately improve the lives of millions of hens. Major food companies like Nestlé have the influence to bring about positive change at every level of the supply chain."
Paul Bakus, President of Nestlé Corporate Affairs, added "Our products are in the fridges and pantries of socially-conscious consumers across the United States, and we share their belief in the importance of responsibly-sourced ingredients."
"The move to using exclusively cage-free eggs is one more way that we're responding to consumers and establishing a precedent for farm animal welfare."
Related: McDonald's announces transition to cage-free eggs
Rethinking farming
We campaign to improve animals' lives on farms for good and working with global companies is an integral part of that. Learn more about our Choose Cage-Free campaign.
"We are proud to partner with Nestlé who are listening to their customers' concerns and putting animal welfare at the forefront of their purchasing power. They are taking a responsible approach to their sourcing of eggs, which will ultimately improve the lives of millions of hens."
Rats, dogs, chickens and cats – why do we care more...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Following in Facebook's footsteps, Google is offering users a new way to restrict being hit with targeted adverts. This signals a new approach to data privacy.
The new offering from Google doesn't completely stop adverts appearing. But as a minimum, users will know who's targeting them. Sometimes users will be able to restrict certain adverts too. This is in the form of Google introducing a revamped Ad Settings function. According to the company: "Google makes your ads more useful on Google services (ex: Search, YouTube), and on websites & apps that partner with Google to show ads."
From the link, Google allows a user to alter the types of companies or areas that trigger the adverts that appear when using apps like Chrome. In terms of where you are likely to see adverts, Google adds further: "Control the ads you see...You can make the ads you see more useful or get ads that are specific to you. You'll see Google ads on: Google services, like Search or YouTube; Websites and apps that partner with Google to show ads."
This means, as Engadget explains: "If you're scratching your head at a YouTube promo, you'll know the reasoning behind its appearance and will have a quick way to tweak your settings if you'd rather not see that ad again."
Google's move follows an earlier announcement from Facebook, in terms of providing tighter controls over ad privacy. From July 2, 2018, Facebook has introduced new criteria for its Custom Audience advertising. Here advertisers need to ask users for permission for targeting ads based on contact info like email addresses and phone numbers. Advertisers will additionally need to declare how they obtained the contact information (such as by direct consent, partners or a mixture of both).
According to Facebook: "We must ensure our advertising solutions are simple to use, that targeting is done responsibly and that people understand why they see specific ads."
For the user this offers more control. A "why am I seeing this?" link will appear with each advert, and clicking on this will show the user who was responsible for the targeting information and whether or not personal contact info was involved in this targeting.


EXCLUSIVE THIEF Tanya Pedder was caught on "candid camera" after stealing from vulnerable elderly residents at a residential care home in Church.
THIEF Tanya Pedder was caught on "candid camera" after stealing from vulnerable elderly residents at a residential care home in Church.
Pedder, 18, of Within Grove, Huncoat, was caught red-handed after 94-year-old Alice Hewston's family fitted a hidden camera in her flat.
They became suspicious after a small amount of cash went missing on a number of occasions, over five months, from her sheltered accommodation flat at Kirk House, on Tanpits Road.
Pedder pleaded guilty at Hyndburn Magistrates Court to stealing cash and a bar of chocolate totalling £5 from Mrs Hewston and £25 from William Strolin.
A relative of Mrs Hewston who lives in Church, said: "I suspected money was going missing because I used to put £50-a-week in Alice's purse and she kept asking where all the money had gone. This went on for about three or four weeks.
"The only people who had a key were myself and the carers.
"My granddaughter suggested we put the camera in and on the first day she was caught red-handed.
"She couldn't do anything else other than plead guilty.
"Now she's ruined her career and will never get another job like that again.
"What annoyed me was the fact that she was a carer. It's callous preying on an elderly woman."
The court heard how in December, Pedder, was captured on film getting Mrs Hewston out of bed and into the bathroom, before stealing the chocolate and cash from the pensioner's purse and then wiping away any fingerprints on a towel.
Prosecuting, Neil White, said Pedder admitted to her crime immediately in police interviews and said she knew she had done wrong.
He said Pedder, who has since lost her job, had said: "I am sorry, I have been stupid, I don't know what's come over me. I have always been a good girl but I did it."
Mr White added: "These are serious offences. In her employment she was put in a position of care and trust from an older person and took advantage of them."
In defence, Gareth Price said: "Her explanation was she came down with a bout of depression and ended up seeking treatment from her GP."
He said this had affected the normal rules and regulations she abided by until that point.
He added: "It was on the spur of the moment, it was simply opportunity. There was no planning in it. She said, in her words, she was a , 'stupid, silly girl'."
But magistrate Judith Hornsby said: "You were in a position of trust and it was of a repeated nature. It was obviously premeditated because you wiped fingerprints from the purse.
"It caused distress to the victim and to their relatives, who thought they were in a safe place."
A spokesman for Kirk House said of the case: "It's sickening, especially when we are supposed to be looking after them."
The case has been adjourned for sentencing on 2 February.


Eric Standlee's Blog: Ever Wanted to Learn to Program but Never Could?
This website is a very well-done tutorial on learning how to program. It uses concepts that are applicable to many languages, and its a great way to get started. Maybe best of all is that it teaches you in Ruby, the base of Ruby on Rails (the future of web development)!
I am just looking at Ruby and still prefer python, but looks fun.


Sign up for the league in December. League usually starts around the 2nd week of January.
Do I need to be an expert archer to shoot in the league? Absolutely not.
This league is 80% handicap based to allow shooters of all abilities the chance to win. This is a fun time for all and a great way to stay in practice before the 3D's start. What a better way to stay accurate. We have a lot of really good shooters that are more than happy to provide shooting tips and instruction.
We run 4 person teams. You do not need a team to shoot this league. You can bring a 4 person team or we can put you on a team. If you do not have a team, we will put you one one. It's a great chance to meet new people and everyone has a great time.
What nights do we shoot and how many weeks?
You can shoot any time we are open. There is no set league night. A lot of teams will come on the same night. However, we have a lot of 2nd and 3rd shifters that shoot during the day as well. You can shoot any day of the week from Monday through Saturday. The league is 13 weeks.
Children are welcome and we normally do have a few shooting league with us. Young children will shoot 10 yards. The only requirement is that they have the strength to shoot 60 arrows to complete a round.
When the league is finished, we schedule a league party. We give out trophies, give away door prizes, gift certificates and have shooting games in the range. Food and drink are also provided.
League Scores on the website?
We will do our best to keep the website scores updated. However, keeping everyone current with their scores is extremely important. We allow a one week grace period, after that and absent score will be posted. This is your average minus 10 points.
See us for information on outoor leagues and events in the summer.
Need more information, Call us at 815-877-1212.


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Who is Syke?
Nathan Labossiere is an FAU student who doubles as a rap artist — and he's released ten professionally produced songs within the last seven months.
Syke is on all major streaming services. Photo by Alex Rodriguez
Lucien Griffin, Contributing Writer
Nathan Labossiere is a 20-year-old commercial music major at FAU. But he's also known as Syke, an upcoming West Palm Beach-based rapper.
Syke is fresh on the South Florida scene with seven months of experience and is working to get his music and his name out to the public, as his tracks are on streaming sites like Spotify. He has released ten professionally recorded songs so far.
Syke's goal is to skip the "stereotypical SoundCloud rapper phase."
"I tried to move out of the whole microphone in the closet and everything … I had a bunch of songs pre-recorded but they were in the closet and I was like 'I'm not putting these out,' and so I re-recorded them once I got in a professional studio," he said.
Syke hails from South Florida, among other new rappers. Photo by Alex Rodriguez
The South Florida rap scene offers a landscape for budding artists to flourish. Famous rappers like Kodak Black, the late XXXTENTACION, Ski Mask the Slump God, YNW Melly, and Denzel Curry were all born and raised in the heart of South Florida.
Syke's debut EP, "The Duality, Pt. 1," came out in November 2018, and is 21 minutes of party-themed songs with production quality similar to that of his contemporaries
The opening song "Syko" features a "haunting" vocal sample over pummeling bass and the closing track "Chum Bucket" starts with a sleepy series of notes that eventually underline a quick beat.
Syke cites Tyler, the Creator, Ski Mask The Slump God, A$AP Rocky, and $uicideboy$ as some of the inspirations of his EP.
He's not a one trick pony, however. He has some more tunes coming out soon.
In his follow-up project, "The Duality, Pt. 2," Syke plans to show a more thoughtful, conscious side, he said. He lists artists such as Kendrick Lamar, J. Cole, and Logic as influences on his current direction, and said that the new music will be released soon.
Nathan's journey as both a student and a rapper looking to get himself out there has been arduous.
"It's been pretty hard, I've had to mold my schedule into something that fit enough space for the music to be involved. But at the same time, it helps because the classes I've taken have helped me with the music, like audio engineering and programming."
You can stream Syke's music on, Spotify, Apple Music, and SoundCloud, or follow him on Instagram (@thisyke) and Twitter (@Issyke).
Lucien Griffin is a contributing writer with the University Press. For more information regarding this or other stories, email @[email protected] or tweet him at @mailbugibson
Tags: :Music, Features, hip hop, Lucien Griffin, Nathan Labossiere, Rap, Soundcloud, south florida, Syke, Top Stories


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Special Action Office to be Formed Under Presidency
May 23, 2018 adminComments Off on Special Action Office to be Formed Under Presidency
Click to read the article in Turkish
A Special Action Branch Office is being formed under the Presidency Directorate of Guard Chamber.
The decision taken by Council of Ministers headed by President and Justice and Development Party (AKP) Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on April 9, 2018, was published on the Official Gazette today (May 23).
Special Action Branch Office
The reason for forming Special Action Branch Office in 1982 is explained on the website of Security General Directorate as follows:
"Units that undergo special training, are equipped with modern weapon, ammunition, instruments and tools to prevent armed actions of terrorist organizations in residential districts and rural areas; neutralize or capture the perpetrators of the actions carried out; save people kept hostage in closed places such as plane, vehicle, ship, metro, train, building; ensure safety of state officials who are at risk…"
According to the information on the website, there are Special Action Branch Offices in 56 provinces. (BK/TK)
Gergerlioğlu: Inmates Writing About Hunger Strikes Given Disciplinary Punishment As Well
Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) Kocaeli MP Ömer Faruk Gergerlioğlu, who is also a member to the Human Rights Investigation Commission of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM), has held a press confe…
Macron, Le Pen through to French presidential run-off
PARISCentrist independent Emmanuel Macron will face far-right leader Marine Le Pen in the May 7 run-off for the French presidency, according to official results published on Monday.Macron passed the far-right leader with 23.75 percent of the vote to Le…
Erdoğan on İstanbul Election Rerun: We Can't Let 'Wild Minority' Disrupt Character of City
President and Justice and Development Party (AKP) Chair Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has made a speech on the June 23 İstanbul repeat election at the Haliç Congress Center.
Beginning his words, Erdoğan offered condolences f…
Exchange Rate of US Dollar Exceeds 4.90 TRY
TRIAL OF ACADEMICS: 6 Academics from Boğaziçi University Have Their First Hearings


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Q: Processing distributed dask collections with external code I have input data stored as a single large file on S3.
I want Dask to chop the file automatically, distribute to workers and manage the data flow. Hence the idea of using distributed collection, e.g. bag.
On each worker I have a command line tools (Java) that read the data from file(s). Therefore I'd like to write a whole chunk of data into file, call external CLI/code to process the data and then read the results from output file. This looks like processing batches of data instead of record-at-a-time.
What would be the best approach to this problem? Is it possible to write partition to disk on a worker and process it as a whole?
PS. It nor necessary, but desirable, to stay in a distributed collection model because other operations on data might be simpler Python functions that process data record by record.

A: You probably want the read_bytes function.  This breaks the file into many chunks cleanly split by a delimiter (like an endline).  It gives you back a list of dask.delayed objects that point to those blocks of bytes.
There is more information on this documentation page: http://dask.pydata.org/en/latest/bytes.html
Here is an example from the docstring:
>>> sample, blocks = read_bytes('s3://bucket/2015-*-*.csv', delimiter=b'\n')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Gardiner's proof that white noise is a Markov process In Gardiner's chapter 4.1 he introduces the white noise $\xi(t)$ with properties: $\langle \xi(t) \rangle=0$, $\xi(t)$ is independent of $\xi(t')$ for $t\neq t'$. He says that the last property implies $\langle \xi(t)\xi(t')\rangle=\delta(t-t')$. I get that it should only be different from zero for $t'=t$, but why must it be the delta?
Then he defines the temporal integral of the white noise $u(t)=\int_0^t \xi(t')dt'$.
He claims that assuming that $u(t)$ is continuous, then $u(t)$ is a Markov Process by the following argument:
$u(t')=\int_0^t ds \xi(s)+\int_t^{t'} ds \xi(s)=\lim_{\varepsilon \to 0}\int_0^{t-\varepsilon} ds \xi(s)+\int_t^{t'} ds \xi(s)$
For any $\varepsilon>0$, the white noise $\xi(s)$ in the first integral is independent of the white noise $\xi(s)$ in the second. And then he says: by continuity, $u(t)$ (the first integral in the equation above) and $u(t')-u(t)$ (the second integral) are statistically independent. How can we prove this statement? I understand the intuitive argument, but am not sure how to prove it.


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Established in 1992 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, NTVE is involved in a wide range of businesses that include research and analysis on the media and broadcasting industry, planning and execution of large-scale art exhibitions, production and coordination of television programs, and rights acquisition for broadcast content. The NTVE-organized exhibition "Impressionist Masterpieces from Marmottan Monet Museum," which features Impression, Sunrise and The Bridge of Europe, Saint-Lazare Station, is currently ongoing at the Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum and runs until Sunday, December 13, 2015.


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Michelle Obama Goes Barefoot for 30th Wedding Anniversary With Barack – Footwear News
October 4, 2022 by PlayerN01
If you purchase an independently reviewed product or service through a link on our website, Footwear News may receive an affiliate commission.
Michelle and Barack Obama shared a slideshow of photos to their Instagram yesterday celebrating their 30 anniversary with their toes in the sand. The caption on the post reads, "Happy anniversary to the man I love! These last 30 years have been an adventure, and I'm grateful to have you by my side. Here's to a lifetime together. I love you, @BarackObama!"
The photos saw Michelle and her husband dressed in casual-wear with comfy clean footwear. Michelle sported a white cropped sleeveless tee, which she wore layered under a cream cardigan with a long cape-like back and swirling white detailing. The trousers in the set were high-waisted and adorned with the same swirling white pattern. The former first lady of the United States donned a silky scarf and fitted her face with chunky black sunglasses.
See also Nike Dunk Low SE Animal DN3866-100 Release Info
With her shoes off and in her hand, the author was able to show off her white canvas kicks. The simple shoe differed from her husband's, the low-top featuring thick rubber soles, on sturdy white canvas with white laces.
The former President of the United States wore khaki pants, which he rolled up for fear of an oncoming wave, the political figure pairing them with a black jacket and green and white Adidas Stan Smith sneakers with green detailing.
When it comes down to shoes, Michelle tends to gravitate towards bold and preppy shoes centering around whimsical patterns or vibrant colors. The podcast host often wears glamorous silhouettes by Sophia Webster, Jimmy Choo, Stuart Weitzman, Christopher John Rogers, and Balenciaga. Obama often incorporates affordable styles from a wide range of brands like Zara and Converse. When off-duty, she likely slips into sneakers, sandals and sharp flats.
See also Nike Dunk Low "Reverse Panda" DJ6188-101
PHOTOS: Click through the gallery to see Michelle Obama's best White House outfits over the years.
Lionel Messi 'will return to Barcelona in July 2023 when his PSG deal expires'
Jonny Bairstow is named the inaugural winner of the repurposed Bob Willis Trophy


IEEE Std. 14764-2006 (a.k.a. ISO/IEC 14764:2006) Standard for Software Engineering—Software Life Cycle Processes—Maintenance, IEEE, 2006.
Herraiz I, Rodriguez D, Robles G, Gonzalez-Barahona JM (2013) The Evolution of the Laws of Software Evolution: A Discussion Based on a Systematic Literature Review. ACM Comput Surv 46:28:1--28:28.
Architectural Technical Debt (ATD) regards sub-optimal design decisions that bring short-term benefits to the cost of long-term gradual deterioration of the quality of the architecture of a software system. The identification of ATD strongly influences the technical and economic sustainability of software systems and is attracting growing interest in the scientific community. During the years several approaches for ATD identification have been conceived, each of them addressing ATD from different perspectives and with heterogeneous characteristics. In this paper we apply the systematic mapping study methodology for identifying, classifying, and evaluating the state of the art on ATD identification from the following three perspectives: publication trends, characteristics, and potential for industrial adoption. Specifically, starting from a set of 509 potentially relevant studies, we systematically selected 47 primary studies and analyzed them according to a rigorously-defined classification framework. The analysis of the obtained results supports both researchers and practitioners by providing (i) an assessment of current research trends and gaps in ATD identification, (ii) a solid foundation for understanding existing (and future) research on ATD identification, and (iii) a rigorous evaluation of its potential for industrial adoption.
Are developers aware of the architectural impact of their changes?
Assessing Code Authorship: The Case of the Linux Kernel.
Code Smells in iOS Apps: How do they compare to Android?
Beaucoup d'articles proviennent de ASE 2017, d'autres peuvent être intéressants en fonction de vos sujets d'études.
Lu Xiao, Yuanfang Cai, and Rick Kazman.
ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering.
Benidris, M., Ammar, H., & Dzielski, D.
International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications (IJSEA).
Silva LL, Valente MT, Maia M, Anquetil N (2015) Developers' Perception of Co-Change Patterns: An Empirical Study. Proc. 31st IEEE Int. Conf. Softw. Maint.


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Township Archives
Current Year PC Minutes
Township Current Year - Minutes and Meetings
Happy New Year 2023 from the Chippewa Township staff and elected officials.
February Agenda
REGULAR MEETING OF THE CHIPPEWA TOWNSHIP BOARD February 6, 2023 7:00 p.m. Call to Order and Pledge of Allegiance Roll Call Minutes of January 2, 2023 Treasurer's Report Public Comment (Audience Participation)* Unfinished Business New Business *PUBLIC COMMENT (Audience…
Tires Collected!
Spring tire clean-up a success! The township had two semi-trailers to collect old tires at the township hall (11084 E. Pickard Road) on Saturday, May 4, 2013 from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. They were both filled, plus there was a huge overflow pile of tires that would not fit in the…
Meetings Public Notice
Meeting minutes will be posted in the Township Meetings & Minutes section of this website soon after they are approved at the following month's meeting. If you have any questions, please contact the Chippewa Township offices below or during the regularly scheduled board…
Township General Information
Township Hall is located at: 11084 E Pickard Rd, Mt. Pleasant (989) 773-3600 Board Meeting: 7:00pm, 1st Monday of the month at Township Hall Robert P. Smith, Supervisor, (989) 773-1975Frances B. Ash, Clerk, (989) 772-2685Kathy VanderKolk, Treasurer, (989) 773-3600 ext 301Tina…
Happy New Year 2023 from the Chippewa Township staff and elected officials....
REGULAR MEETING OF THE CHIPPEWA TOWNSHIP BOARD February 6, 2023 7:00 p.m. Call to Order and Pledge...


Each prolonged-release tablet contains 100 mg tramadol hydrochloride.
Each prolonged-release tablet contains 56.1 mg lactose (as monohydrate).
Flat, round bi-layer-tablet with facet, initial layer white, slow-release layer green with one-sided identification mark "TR/100 R" on one side.
The recommended doses are intended as a guideline. Patients should always receive the lowest dose that provides effective pain control. Chronic pain management should be preferably given on a fixed dosing schedule.
The starting dose is usually 100 mg tramadol hydrochloride as prolonged-release tablet twice daily, in the morning and in the evening. If the pain relief is not sufficient, the dose may be increased to 150 mg twice daily or 200 mg twice daily.
The dose interval must not be less than 8 hours.
A total daily dose of 400 mg of tramadol hydrochloride should not be exceeded except in special clinical circumstances.
Tramadol hydrochloride should never be used longer than absolutely necessary for pain control. If the nature and severity of the underlying disease suggest the need for prolonged pain management, continued medical need for tramadol hydrochloride analgesia should be reviewed carefully at short, regular intervals (with breaks in treatment if necessary).
Tramadol prolonged-release tablets are not suitable for children under 12 years of age.
A dose adjustment is not usually necessary in patients up to 75 years without clinically manifest hepatic or renal insufficiency. In elderly people over 75 years elimination may be prolonged. Therefore, if necessary the dose interval is to be extended according to the patient's requirements.
In patients with renal and/or hepatic insufficiency the elimination of tramadol is delayed. In these patients prolongation of the dose intervals should be carefully considered according to the patient's requirements. In cases of severe renal and/or severe hepatic insufficiency tramadol hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets are not recommended.
The prolonged-release tablets must be swallowed whole, not divided or chewed, with sufficient liquid, irrespective of mealtimes.
• in hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.
• renal and hepatic impairment (see section 4.2).
In patients sensitive to opiates tramadol hydrochloride should only be used with caution.
• Tramadol is metabolised by the liver enzyme CYP2D6. If a patient has a deficiency or is completely lacking this enzyme an adequate analgesic effect may not be obtained. Estimates indicate that up to 7% of the Caucasian population may have this deficiency. However, if the patient is an ultra-rapid metaboliser there is a risk of developing adverse reactions of opioid toxicity even at commonly prescribed doses. General symptoms of opioid toxicity include confusion, somnolence, shallow breathing, small pupils, nausea, vomiting, constipation and lack of appetite. In severe cases this may include symptoms of circulatory and respiratory depression, which may be life-threatening and very rarely fatal.
There have been reports in the published literature that tramadol given post-operatively in children after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy for obstructive sleep apnoea, led to rare, but life-threatening adverse events. Extreme caution should be exercised when tramadol is administered to children for post-operative pain relief and should be accompanied by close monitoring for symptoms of opioid toxicity including respiratory depression.
Tolerance, psychic and physical dependence may develop, especially after long-term use. In patients with a tendency to drug abuse or dependence, treatment with tramadol hydrochloride should only be carried out for short periods under strict medical supervision.
Tramadol hydrochloride is not suitable as a substitute in opioid dependent patients. Although it is an opioid agonist, tramadol cannot suppress morphine withdrawal symptoms.
Convulsions have been reported in patients receiving tramadol at the recommended dose levels. The risk may be increased when doses of tramadol hydrochloride exceed the recommended upper daily dose limit (400 mg). In addition, tramadol may increase the seizure risk in patients taking other medicinal products that can lower the seizure threshold (see section 4.5). Patients with a history of epilepsy or those susceptible to seizures should only be treated with tramadol hydrochloride if there are compelling circumstances.
Care should be taken when treating patients with respiratory depression, or if concomitant CNS-depressant medicinal products are being administered (see section 4.5) or if the recommended dose is significantly exceeded (see section 4.9) as the possibility of respiratory depression cannot be excluded in these situations.
Concomitant use of tramadol and sedative medicinal products such as benzodiazepines or related medicinal products may result in sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death. Because of these risks, concomitant prescribing with these sedative medicinal products should be reserved for patients for whom alternative treatment options are not possible. If a decision is made to prescribe tramadol concomitantly with sedative medicinal products, the lowest effective dose should be used, and the duration of treatment should be as short as possible.
Tramadol hydrochloride must not be combined with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors (see section 4.3).
In patients treated with MAO inhibitors in the 14 days prior to the use of the opioid pethidine, life-threatening interactions on the central nervous system, respiratory and cardiovascular function have been observed. The same interactions with MAO inhibitors cannot be ruled out during treatment with tramadol hydrochloride.
The concomitant use of opioids with sedative medicinal products such as benzodiazepines or related medicinal products increases the risk of sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death because of additive CNS depressant effect. The dose and duration of concomitant use should be limited (see section 4.4).
The results of pharmacokinetic studies have so far shown that on the concomitant or previous administration of cimetidine (enzyme inhibitor) clinically relevant interactions are unlikely to occur.
Simultaneous or previous administration of carbamazepine (enzyme inducer) may reduce the analgesic effect and shorten the duration of action.
Other morphine derivatives (including anti-tussives, substitution treatments), benzodiazepines, barbiturates: Increased risk of respiratory depression, that may be fatal in overdose.
Tramadol can induce convulsions and increase the potential for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics and other seizure threshold-lowering medicinal products (such as bupropion, mirtazapine, tetrahydrocannabinol) to cause convulsions.
Withdrawal of the serotonergic medicinal products usually brings about a rapid improvement. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the symptoms.
Caution should be exercised during concomitant treatment with tramadol hydrochloride and coumarin derivatives (e.g. warfarin) due to reports of increased INR with major bleeding and ecchymosis in some patients.
Other active substances which inhibit the enzyme CYP3A4 such as ketoconazole, ritonavir and erythromycin, might inhibit the metabolism of tramadol (N-demethylation), and probably also the metabolism of the active O-demethylated metabolite. The clinical importance of such an interaction has not been studied.
The analgesic effect of tramadol hydrochloride is in part mediated by inhibition of the re-uptake of norepinephrine and enhancement of the release of serotonin (5-HT). In a limited number of studies the pre- or post-operative application of the antiemetic 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron increased the requirement of tramadol hydrochloride in patients with post-operative pain. Although not tested, other 5-HT3-receptor antagonists would be expected to interact similarly with tramadol hydrochloride.
Tramadol crosses the placenta. Animal studies with tramadol revealed at very high doses effects on organ development, ossification and neonatal mortality. Teratogenic effects were not observed. There is inadequate evidence available on the safety of tramadol hydrochloride in human pregnancy. Therefore, tramadol hydrochloride should not be used in pregnant women.
Tramadol - administered before or during birth does not affect uterine contractility. In neonates it may induce changes in the respiratory rate, which are usually not clinically relevant. Chronic use during pregnancy may lead to neonatal withdrawal symptoms.
Approximately 0.1% of the maternal dose of tramadol is excreted in breast milk. In the immediate post-partum period, for maternal oral daily dose up to 400 mg, this corresponds to a mean amount of tramadol ingested by breast-fed infants of 3% of the maternal weight-adjusted dose. For this reason tramadol should not be used during lactation or alternatively, breast-feeding should be discontinued during treatment with tramadol. Discontinuation of breast-feeding is generally not necessary following a single dose of tramadol.
Post marketing surveillance does not suggest an effect of tramadol on fertility.
Animal studies did not show an effect of tramadol on fertility.
Even when taken according to instructions, tramadol hydrochloride may cause adverse reactions such as somnolence, dizziness and blurred vision and therefore may impair the reactions of drivers, machine operators and workers without a safe hold. This applies particularly in conjunction with alcohol and other psychotropic substances. If patients are affected they should be warned not to drive or operate machinery.
Rare: allergic reactions (e.g. dyspnoea, bronchospasm, wheezing, angioneurotic oedema) and anaphylaxis.
Rare: hallucination, confusion, delirium, anxiety, sleep disturbances and nightmares.
Psychic adverse reactions may occur following administration of tramadol hydrochloride which vary individually in intensity and nature (depending on personality and duration of treatment). These include changes in mood (usually euphoric mood, occasionally dysphoria), changes in activity (usually suppression, occasionally increase) and changes in cognitive and sensorial capacity (e.g. decision behaviour, perception disorders).
Dependence may occur (see section 4.4).
Symptoms of drug withdrawal syndrome, similar to those occurring during opiate withdrawal, may occur as follows: agitation, anxiety, nervousness, insomnia, hyperkinesia, tremor and gastrointestinal symptoms. Other symptoms that have very rarely been seen with tramadol discontinuation include: panic attacks, severe anxiety, hallucinations, paraesthesia, tinnitus and unusual CNS symptoms (i.e. confusion, delusions, depersonalisation, derealisation, paranoia).
Convulsions occurred mainly after administration of high doses of tramadol hydrochloride or after concomitant treatment with medicinal products which can lower the seizure threshold (see sections 4.4 and 4.5).
Uncommon: cardiovascular regulation (palpitation, tachycardia,). These adverse reactions may occur especially on intravenous administration of tramadol hydrochloride and in patients who are physically stressed.
Uncommon: cardiovascular regulation (postural hypotension or cardiovascular collapse).
These adverse reactions may occur especially on intravenous administration of tramadol hydrochloride and in patients who are physically stressed.
Worsening of asthma has also been reported, though a causal relationship has not been established.
Very rare: An increase in liver enzyme values has been reported in a temporal connection with the therapeutic use of tramadol hydrochloride.
The general emergency measures apply. Keep open the respiratory tract (aspiration!), maintain respiration and circulation depending on the symptoms.
The antidote for respiratory depression is naloxone. In animal experiments naloxone had no effect on convulsions. In such cases diazepam should be given intravenously.
In case of intoxication with oral formulations, gastrointestinal decontamination with activated charcoal or by gastric lavage is only recommended within 2 hours after tramadol hydrochloride intake.
Gastrointestinal decontamination at a later time point may be useful in case of intoxication with exceptionally large quantities or prolonged-release formulations.
Tramadol hydrochloride is minimally eliminated from the serum by haemodialysis or haemofiltration. Therefore, treatment of acute intoxication with tramadol hydrochloride with haemodialysis or haemofiltration alone is not suitable for detoxification.
Tramadol hydrochloride is a centrally acting opioid analgesic. It is a non-selective pure agonist at µ, δ and κ opioid receptors with a higher affinity to the µ receptor. Other mechanisms which contribute to its analgesic effect are inhibition of neuronal re-uptake of noradrenaline and enhancement of serotonin release.
Tramadol hydrochloride has an antitussive effect. In contrast to morphine, analgesic doses of tramadol hydrochloride over a wide range have no respiratory-depressant effect. Also gastrointestinal motility is less affected. Effects on the cardio-vascular system tend to be slight. The potency of tramadol hydrochloride is reported to be 1/10(one tenth) to –1/6(one sixth) that of morphine.
Effects of enteral and parenteral administration of tramadol have been investigated in clinical trials involving more than 2,000 paediatric patients ranging in age from neonate to 17 years of age. The indications for pain treatment studied in those trials included pain after surgery (mainly abdominal), after surgical tooth extractions, due to fractures, burns and traumas as well as other painful conditions likely to require analgesic treatment for at least 7 days.
At single doses of up to 2 mg/kg or multiple doses of up to 8 mg/kg per day (to a maximum of 400 mg per day) efficacy of tramadol hydrochloride was found to be superior to placebo, and superior or equal to paracetamol, nalbuphine, pethidine or low dose morphine. The conducted trials confirmed the efficacy of tramadol. The safety profile of tramadol was similar in adult and paediatric patients older than 1 year (see section 4.2).
More than 90% of tramadol is absorbed after oral administration. The mean absolute bioavailability is approximately 70%, irrespective of concomitant intake of food. The difference between absorbed and non-metabolised available tramadol is probably due to low first-pass-effect. The first-pass-effect after oral administration is a maximum of 30%.
Tramadol has a high tissue affinity (Vd,β = 203 ± 40 l). Protein binding is about 20%.
After administration of tramadol 100 mg prolonged release tablets the peak plasma concentration Cmax 141 ± 40 ng/ml is reached after 4.9 hours. After administration of tramadol 200 mg prolonged release tablets a Cmax 260 ± 62 ng/ml is reached after 4.8 hours.
Tramadol passes the blood-brain and placental barriers. Very small amounts of tramadol and its O-desmethyl derivative are found in the breast milk (0.1% and 0.02% respectively of the applied dose).
In humans tramadol is mainly metabolised by means of N- and O-demethylation and conjugation of the O-demethylation products with glucuronic acid. Only O-desmethyl-tramadol is pharmacologically active. There are considerable interindividual quantitative differences between the other metabolites. So far, eleven metabolites have been found in the urine. Animal experiments have shown that O-desmethyltramadol is more potent than the parent compound by the factor 2-4. Its half-life t½ ß (6 healthy volunteers) is 7.9 h (range 5.4 - 9.6 h) and is approximately that of tramadol.
The inhibition of one or both types of the isoenzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 involved in the biotransformation of tramadol, may affect the plasma concentration of tramadol or its active metabolite.
Elimination half-life (t½ ß) is approximately 6 hours, irrespective of the mode of administration .In patients above 75 years of age it may be prolonged by a factor of approximately 1.4.
Tramadol and its metabolites are almost completely excreted via the kidneys. Cumulative urinary excretion is 90% of the total radioactivity of the administered dose. In case of impaired hepatic and renal function the half-life may be slightly prolonged.
In patients with cirrhosis of the liver, elimination half-lives of 13.3 ± 4.9 h (tramadol) and 18.5 ± 9.4 h (O-desmethyltramadol), in an extreme case 22.3 h and 36 h respectively have been determined. In patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance < 5 ml/min) the values were 11 ± 3.2 h and 16.9 ± 3 h, in an extreme case 19.5 h and 43.2 h, respectively.
Tramadol has a linear pharmacokinetic profile within the therapeutic dose range. The relationship between serum concentrations and the analgesic effect is dose-dependent, but varies considerably in isolated cases. A serum concentration of 100–300 ng/ml is usually effective.
In children below 1 year of age, the pharmacokinetics of tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol have been investigated, but have not been fully characterised. Information from studies including this age group indicates that the formation rate of O-desmethyltramadol via CYP2D6 increases continuously in neonates, and adult levels of CYP2D6 activity are assumed to be reached at about 1 year of age. In addition, immature glucuronidation systems and immature renal function may result in slow elimination and accumulation of O-desmethyltramadol in children under 1 year of age.
On repeated oral and parenteral administration of tramadol for 6 to 26 weeks in rats and dogs, and oral administration for 12 months in dogs haematological, clinico-chemical and histological investigations showed no evidence of any substance-related changes. Central nervous manifestations only occurred after high doses considerably above the therapeutic range restlessness, salivation, convulsions and reduced weight gain. Rats and dogs tolerated oral doses of 20 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg body weight respectively and dogs rectal doses of 20 mg/kg bodyweight, without any reactions.
In rats tramadol dosages from 50 mg/kg/day upwards caused toxic effects in dams and raised neonate mortality. In the offspring retardation occurred in the form of ossification disorders and delayed vaginal and eye opening. Male and female fertility was not affected. In rabbits there were toxic effects in dams from 125 mg/kg upwards and skeletal anomalies in the offspring.
Studies on the tumorigenic potential of tramadol hydrochloride have been carried out in rats and mice. The study in rats showed no evidence of any substance-related increase in the incidence of tumours. In the study in mice there was an increased incidence of liver cell adenomas in male animals (a dose-dependent, non-significant increase from 15 mg/kg upwards) and an increase in pulmonary tumours in females of all dose groups (significant, but not dose-dependent).
10, 20, 30, 50, 60 and 100 prolonged-release tablets in a PP/Aluminium blister.


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text:
Q: Why does 20130708 < "" return true in Python? >>> 20130708 < ''
True
>>> 20130708 > ''
False

I am not sure what the explanation for this is.  The wikipedia article on lexicographical ordering says that

u < v if u is a prefix of v

Since "" is a prefix of "20130708", I would expect "20130708" < "" to be false.

A: Your question title doesn't match your code. You're not comparing "20130708" with "", you're comparing 20130708 with "" - ie an integer, with an empty string.
It's a peculiarity of Python 2 that integers always compare less than strings. In Python 3, this is fixed, and that code raises TypeError: unorderable types: int() < str().

A: You are missing quotes here:
>>> "20130708" < ""
False

What you are doing is comparing ints to str, which are rich comparisons.  So any int is "smaller" than any str.


The servo mainly depends on the pulse to position, basically can understand this way, the servo motor receives 1 pulse, will rotate the angle corresponding to 1 pulse, thus realize the displacement, because, the servo motor itself has the function that sends out the pulse, so the servo motor When rotate one angle, it will send out the corresponding number of pulses. In this way, the pulse received by the servo motor forms a response, or is called a closed loop. In this way, the system will know how many pulses have been sent to the servo motor, and how many pulses are received at the same time. In this way, it is possible to control the rotation of the motor very precisely so that accurate positioning can be achieved up to 0.001 mm.
Stepper motors are discrete motion devices that have an essential connection to modern digital control technology. In the current domestic digital control system, stepper motors are widely used. With the advent of all-digital AC servo systems, AC servo motors are also increasingly used in digital control systems. In order to adapt to the development trend of digital control, most of the motion control systems use stepper motors or all-digital AC servo motors as the execution motors. Although the two are similar in control mode (pulse train and direction signal) flexible coupling, there is a big difference in performance and application. Now compare the performance of the two.
The step angle of the two-phase hybrid stepping motor is generally 3.6° and 1.8°.
360°/131072=9.89 seconds. It is 1/655 of the pulse equivalent of a stepping motor with a step angle of 1.8°.
Stepper motors are prone to low frequency vibration at low speeds. The vibration frequency is related to load conditions and driver performance. It is generally believed that the vibration frequency is half of the motor's no-load take-off frequency. This kind of low frequency vibration, which is determined by the working principle of the stepper motor, is very unfavorable to the normal operation of the machine. When the stepper motor operates at a low speed, damping techniques are generally used to overcome the low-frequency vibration phenomena, such as adding a damper to the motor, or using a subdivision technique on the driver.
The AC servo motor operates very smoothly The diaphragm coupling does not vibrate even at low speeds. The AC servo system has a resonance suppression function that can cover the lack of mechanical rigidity, and the system has a frequency analysis function (FFT), which can detect the mechanical resonance point and facilitate system adjustment.
The output torque of the stepping motor decreases with the increase of the rotational speed, and drops sharply at higher rotational speeds, so the maximum operating rotational speed is generally 300-600 RPM. The AC servo motor is constant torque output, that is, it can output rated torque within its rated speed (generally 2000RPM or 3000RPM), and it is constant power output above the rated speed.
Stepper motors generally do not have overload capabilities. AC servo motor has strong overload capability. Take Panasonic AC servo system as an example, it has speed overload and torque overload capability. Its maximum torque is three times the rated torque and can be used to overcome the moment of inertia of the inertial load at the moment of starting. Because there is no such overload ability for the stepping motor, in order to overcome this kind of moment of inertia during selection, it is often necessary to select a motor with a relatively large torque, and when the machine does not require such large torque during normal operation, a torque occurs. Wasted phenomenon.
The control of stepping motor is open-loop control. If the starting frequency is too high or the load is too large, it is easy to lose the steps or stall. When the speed is too high, the overshoot may occur. Therefore, in order to ensure the control accuracy, it should be handled well. Increase or decrease speed. The AC servo drive system is closed-loop control, and the drive can directly sample the feedback signal of the motor encoder. The position loop and the speed loop are internally formed. Generally, there is no phenomenon of lost or overshoot of the stepping motor, and the control performance is more reliable.
It takes 200-400 milliseconds for a stepper motor to accelerate from rest to operating speed (typically several hundred revolutions per minute). Acceleration performance of AC servo system is better. Taking our 400W AC servo motor for example, it only takes a few milliseconds to accelerate from standstill to its rated speed of 3000RPM. It can be used in control applications requiring fast start-stop.
In summary, AC servo systems are superior to stepper motors in many aspects of performance. However, stepper motors are often used to perform the motor in some less demanding applications. Therefore, in the design process of the control system, various factors such as control requirements and costs should be comprehensively considered, and appropriate control motors should be selected.


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Five minutes to Boost Gender Parity in Computer Science, Write a G2 Crowd SD-WAN Review
The gender gap in computer science is one of the field's most prominent and persistent challenges. Here's a chance for you to help narrow that gap while commenting on the SD-WAN marketplace. Oracle is committed to developing female leaders and is participating a new review program through partner G2 Crowd. The initiative will help build public education for Girls Who Code organization by simply writing a quick SD-WAN review on G2 Crowd.
Write a review now by clicking here.
According to Girls Who Code founder Reshma Saujani, only 10,000 female students graduated with a CS degree in 2017. Girls Who Code is a non-profit committed to computer science gender parity by 2027. As of 2019, the organization claims to have reached 90,000 girls through its initiatives, including an immersive summer program and a university-level alumni network.
Data from the National Center for Education Statistics helps put these numbers into context: Women accounted for only 18 percent of all computer science credentials conferred during the 2014-2015 academic year, despite attaining 57 percent of degrees across all disciplines and constituting the majority of graduates in STEM fields such as biology.
Moreover, the percent of female CS experts has been on the decline for decades. It was as high as 34 percent in the 1980s, but has since distantly trailed that of male students regardless of the boom-bust cycles in the technology sector. Such gender imbalance leads to far-reaching consequences on the availability of fast-growing, high-paying tech jobs to workers, as well as on the continued development of innovation technologies such as SD-WAN solutions.
G2 Crowd and Girls Who Code: Closing the Gender Gap in CS Via Community Donations
Contributions from major technology vendors and organizations including G2 are vital to the mission of Girls Who Code since its inception. For example, Walmart recently provided $3 million in grants. Through the G2 Crowd review network, companies extend their giving to Girls Who Code and by doing so advance the overall cause of gender balance in computer science.
Here's how it works: G2 Crowd offers user-based business IT reviews akin to TripAdvisor or Glassdoor. Instead of restaurants, hotels or workplaces, confirmed reviewers submit their hands-on experience about B2B technology offerings including CRM, security software, SD-WAN platforms and much more. As of March 2019, the site had collected more than 665,000 reviews.
Through its G2 Gives program, G2 Crowd empowers reviewers to turn their words into direct donations to Girls Who Code. As a reviewer, here are the 4 easy steps:
Use your active LinkedIn account to verify identity, or a valid business email address.
Select a product you already use, like the Oracle + Talari SD-WAN.
Spend just a few minutes (G2 Crowd estimates about 7) on your review.
Submit it for moderation and publication.
After you're done, G2 Crowd makes a $10 donation to Girls Who Code. It's a quick and easy way to contribute to an important cause, plus you're helping thousands of businesses make more informed decisions about leading business IT purchases. Oracle and Talari Networks have a G2 Crowd page up and running with a goal for contributions to Girls Who Code. You can visit it here, please take a minute to contribute a review.
If you are interested in learning more about Oracle's Talari SD-WAN solution, please review our FAQ, opt in for future Oracle SD-WAN updates or request a demo to learn more about how Oracle delivers failsafe SD-WAN.
Tags: SD-WAN, Talari Networks, Talari.com
« 3 S.A.F.E. Observations from Enterprise Connect 2019
Failsafe SD-WAN: The Key to Multi-Cloud Connectivity: Part 1 »
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Q: android volley JsonArrayRequest return nothing in the below code my arrayList will be empty after JsonArrayRequest block.
I set break point at this line:  "int size = arrayList.size();"
every thing is OK until "while" loop finishes. after that allayList is empty.
JsonArrayRequest jsonArrayRequest = new JsonArrayRequest(Request.Method.GET, json_url,(String) null,
            new Response.Listener<JSONArray>() {
                @Override
                public void onResponse(JSONArray response) {
                    int count=0;
                    int responseLength = response.length();
                    responseLength--;
                   while (count<responseLength)
                   {
                       try {
                           JSONObject jsonObject = response.getJSONObject(count);
                           Contact contact = new Contact(jsonObject.getString("title"),
                                   jsonObject.getString("email"),
                                   jsonObject.getString("description"),
                                   jsonObject.getString("date"),
                                   jsonObject.getBoolean("status"));

                           arrayList.add(contact);
                           int size = arrayList.size();
                           count++;

                       } catch (JSONException e) {

                           e.printStackTrace();
                       }
                   }
                    int size = arrayList.size();
                }
            },
            new Response.ErrorListener() {
                @Override
                public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
                    Toast.makeText(context,"Error....",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    error.printStackTrace();

                }
            }
    );
    int size = arrayList.size();
    VolleySingleton.getmInstance(context).addToRequestQueue(jsonArrayRequest);
    return arrayList;

A: I will show what i did using CallBack interface:
in onCreate() method:
 recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerview);
    recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
    LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
    recyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
    BackgroundTask backgroundTask = new BackgroundTask(this);
    backgroundTask.getContacts(new BackgroundTask.arrayListCallBack() {
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(ArrayList<Contact> contacts) {
            RecyclerView.Adapter adapter = new RecyclerAdapter(MainActivity.this, contacts);
            recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        }

        @Override
        public void onFail(String error) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, error, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    });

and in the BackgroundTask class:
JsonArrayRequest jsonArrayRequest = new JsonArrayRequest(Request.Method.POST, server_url, new Response.Listener<JSONArray>() {
        @Override
        public void onResponse(JSONArray response) {
            int count = 0;
            while (count < response.length()) {
                try {
                    JSONObject jsonObject = response.getJSONObject(count);
                    Contact contact = new Contact(jsonObject.getString("name"), jsonObject.getString("section"));
                    contacts.add(contact);
                    Log.d("process request", "....."+jsonObject.getString("name"));
                    count++;
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    Toast.makeText(context, e.getMessage()+"\nError in Response", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                callBack.onSuccess(contacts);
            }
        }
    }, new Response.ErrorListener() {
        @Override
        public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
            error.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(context, error.getMessage()+"\nError in Connection", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            callBack.onFail("There's error ...");
        }

    });

    MySingleton.getInstance(context).addToRequestQueue(jsonArrayRequest);
}

public interface arrayListCallBack {
    void onSuccess(ArrayList<Contact> contacts);
    void onFail(String error);
}


text:
Plant firm hit by Carillion's collapse falls into administration
By Jordan Marshall2019-01-15T09:54:00+00:00
Hawk Plant said Carillion's failure had delayed projects the firm was working on
Shropshire-based Hawk Plant has been forced into administration two months after the company's boss blamed Carillion's collapse for delaying contracts it had been awarded.
EY has been appointed to act as administrators for the company, which recorded a £93.5m turnover and profit of £515,049 in the year to 31 December 2017.
In the company's 2017 results, which were filed last November, chief executive Mike Hawkins said Carillion's liquidation had caused some disruption, with contracts that had been previously awarded having to be rescheduled.
Also read: Carillion one year on - how the collapse unfolded
At the time Hawkins said: "Due to the high level of credit insurance in place on Carillion there will be a minimal write-off of balances outstanding at the time of liquidation."
EY's Sam Woodward, who is a joint administrator for Hawk Plant, also said Carillion's liquidation had hurt the company, saying: "The group's cashflow had been impacted by a number of historical problematic contracts and a delay in the commencement of anticipated projects."
On appointment of the administrators, 83 of the group's 420 employees were made redundant.
Hawk Plant subsidiary Enverity, a ground survey and sight inspection business based in Newark, which employs an additional 20-plus staff, remains solvent and unaffected by the administration.
Carillion's collapse was cited as a contributory cause in a number of company administrations last name, including Irish contractor Sammon Group and engineer Aspin.
M&E specialist Vaughan, who fell into administration last March, also blamed Carillion for its demise.
Carillion
Carillion one year on: how the contractor's collapse unfolded
Carillion, a former giant in construction, went bust one year ago today. We look back on a story that shook the sector 12 months ago through our coverage on the day, and through the numbers that accounted for its collapse
One year after Carillion, PFI contracts can still be risky business
The market is still challenging for providers in both the public and private sectors
Currie & Brown nabs ISG boss to beef up PM arm
New addition will be based in Manchester
Bill being introduced in House of Lords today by Labour peer
Chief executive for £4bn restoration of parliament revealed
David Goldstone named as boss of delivery authority
In pictures: HS2 reveals revamped designs for Birmingham stations
Designs will be on display until end of month


So chances are if you're writing a post-apoc novel there's going to be a fair amount of death.Perhaps this isn't a universal constant of the genre, but in general mortality is one of the prime subjects of such dire times.
It dawned on me pretty quickly upon writing my first apocalyptic short story that one of the main challenges for someone writing in this genre, or really any genre that commonly deals with mortality, is how to not have your audience become desensitized to death. Even 'dramadies' like Shaun of the Dead (a movie, I know boo, hiss) manage to balance the absurdism and satire of the zombie-pocalypse with the tragic losses of loved ones. Despite the satire they still managed to evoke tears (yeah I cried at the end so what) at the tragic deaths of loved ones.
Given that the apocalypse is a brutal world to live in, I feel a certain level of commitment to the reality of the tragedy of death in my writing. But at the same time, you need to afford yourself the room to let your characters and your readers feel the emotional repercussions of loss. You don't want to get melodramatic with long death speeches and effusive emotional exchanges as someone lay dying, but you also don't want everything to be bullet-in-the-brain oh we hardly knew ye.
All Quiet on the Western Front is perhaps one of the best written examples of how to make death surround your characters and yet only become more powerful to the reader with time. The scene where Paul Baumer is stuck in no man's land with the dying french man he stabbed is one of the most reverberating scenes I have ever read about death. A man he killed whom he has never met is probably the most powerful death scene in the entire story (debatable, I know.) Though it is a World War I novel, its apocalyptic in its own way. It certainly feels that way.
Have death change your characters. Be it death of loved ones, strangers, or new companions. That is the reality of death's influence on life. make it real in your story.


text:
"SOVIET TROOPS of RADIATION CHEMICAL PROTECTION USSR RUSSIAN MILITARY WATCH 70s!"
(I do not believe this to be anything other than a novelty watch, but it runs well, has heroic Soviet proportions, and I really like it.) By Alan (email)
Это, для меня, похоже на совершенно изобретенные часы. Создан для новизны, красиво сделанного набора, но не имеет никакого отношения к каким-либо аутентичным «российским военным или российским радиационным» часам. Если у вас есть доказательства обратного, напишите мне. Доказательство должно включать в себя старинные фотографии этих часов (а не только нынешний вид на циферблате), старинные фотографии 1970-х годов из радиолокационных войск, которые носили эти часы, и некоторые документы из официального источника третьей стороны, такие как российское правительство, доказывающие существование этих часов в 1970-х годах , Если у вас нет этой подробной и 100% надежной информации, не пишите мне, чтобы жаловаться на мои мнения, в этом обзоре, спасибо.
I obtained this huge watch from an ebay seller in Ukraine, for $70 in April 2018. The seller was great, and I received the watch soon after buying it. It runs really well, has a nice mechanical tick. It's really large, 45 mm across, and is made from an old pocket watch case, having lugs soldered on at 12 and 6, converting a pocket watch into a wristwatch. There are others like this on ebay, and all are billed as being a watch with 1970s provenance from a watch issued to members of Russian radiation protection force. [New: way at bottom, or click here, to see example of the model of pocket watch that almost certainly was used to create this wristwatch.]
There is indeed an agency, specifically called the "Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence," and this is an English-language informational link about their service. However, I have not been able to obtain any information that substantiates that the watch has origins with this group, which does not surprise me. More on this below, but there are a great many watches being sold on ebay from Russia and Ukraine which indicate very specific historical provenance of something official, or government, but which appear with almost no exception to be novelty watches created to satisfy a market for these items. This is not a criticism of the watches themselves. I've owned a few, and all have been well-running as promised, and using what appear to be good movements. Most have been quite affordable.
/end
Above are three members of the Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence in action, and you can see they are wearing and holding all kinds of specialized equipment.
None of them are wearing the heroic Radiation Watch.
Here is a look at the movement. I didn't open it up, but it's the seller's photo. You can see it's a jeweled movement with the typical plates and other features of a decent quality movement.
Below is a pic of the back. It was clearly a medium-size pocket watch that has been converted to a wristwatch, by addition of lugs soldered on at 6 and 12 (see below pic for closeup of the solder job.) Note also the striated decorations ("damaskeening" I think?) of the back of the case, which is never anything found on a purpose-made wristwatch where the caseback is against your wrist, not seen and appreciated.
Above, from the ebay auction. States it uses a Molnija caliber 3602 movement. Here is a page on that movement, confirming it's a pocket watch movement. Interesting in that although it does not have a shock-protected balance, it does use the Breguet, "overcoil" hairspring, a feature more commonly found in more expensive movements. I wonder if this is what the seller is referring to by the movement being "clearly inspired by the legendary R0LEX..."
As it derives from a pocket watch, it is quite large as a wristwatch. Here it is next to a standard AA battery. 45 mm is the case diameter. It is much larger than any watch I normally wear, but in some ways I think that is fitting to the largesse, and heroic claims of radiation protection, etc. As a slight caricature of a watch, why not have it be huge. I love this for what it is, btw.
"FIG. 1 is a partially exploded sectional view of an AA alkaline dry battery in accordance with Embodiment 1."
This side view above shows the three-part construction, typical for pocket watches: a true bezel anteriorly where the crystal attaches; a middle part holding the movement and dial in place; and a caseback.
I have not said much about the dial so far. As you can see, there are a lot of markings against a black background. Moving centripetally, the outer marks are 0-60 minutes, each 5 minutes indicated by a yellow marker, and then large white numbers 5-60, by 5s. Next, an incomplete circle of words written in Russian. I'll try to find out what this says. Next a thin, white circle, alongside the 1-12 hour chapter in yellow numbers. Then, sixty white hash marks. Central to this, the 13-24 hour chapter in red numbers. Finally, an incomplete circle around the center post. (Note: Tony has translated the dial: "The inscription reads: "TROIKA (Troika has over 6 different translations from forces, to troops, arrays, or military, but all mean the same essentially) RADIATION, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION USSR.")
At the 9 o'clock position is the "secondary seconds" chapter with sixty hash marks, counted off by 10 second markings 10-60. And how can I not mention what is simultaneously the SUPERSTAR of this watch and it's *most ridiculous feature,* the radiation hazard symbol in the center of the seconds chapter! I mean, COME ON.
Here is some information on the origins of the radiation hazard symbol, 1946 UC Berkeley. The color of the original trefoil was magenta (Martin Senour Roman Violet No. 2225) on a blue background, later changed to yellow background. This color combination has since undergone revisions. "Present regulations also permit the use of black as a substitute for magenta. In fact, black on yellow is the most common color combination outside of the U.S."
Why do I find the rad haz symbol on this watch so ridiculous? Well, for a kitchy, novelty / souvenir watch, which is what I believe all of these to be, it's perfectly fine. It is what is expected. These souvenir watches all must have some kind of symbol. Whether it is a coat of arms of a certain armed forces group, a tank of some particular regiment, parachutes of some particular regiment, fighter jets, submarines, aircraft carriers, satellites, radio antennae, or even the handsome, smiling face of Yuri Gagarin, these all must have a symbol, otherwise no one will buy them. Without a symbol, there can be no allure of provenance or history!
But back to this specific symbol, let's pretend for a moment that this was a watch worn in the 1970s by the members of the Soviet Union's Troops of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Defence. Why would they need to put the rad haz symbol on it. The members know who they work for. They don't need a rad haz symbol to remind them. It makes no sense.
Also: the watch isn't radioactive, in case anyone is suggesting that is why the symbol is on the dial to "warn the user that they are wearing a radioactive watch." Yes, there were watch dials which were radioactive from the radioactive luminous material, but there would be no reason to -- and in fact every reason not to -- issue a radioactive watch to workers tasked with actually discovering and removing radiation! You would not give them a radioactive watch. This would only confound their investigations. So, this also makes no sense.
"Laborers work on construction of the Soviet Union's Chernobyl nuclear power plant on July 1, 1975." (CNN)
Thanks for reading this review. If you have any thought or comments, my contact details are below.
If you wish to contact me to tell me that this in indeed an authentic "radiation protection" etc watch from 1970s, I am very willing to listen. But please do not do so unless you possess facts (not hearsay, anecdotes, etc) which would support this claim. This would include actual vintage photos from the 1970s of the original watch (not modern pictures), vintage photos of radiation workers wearing this watch, government documents and specifications proving the existence of such watch, or other evidence of authenticity.
Thanks. [**More info & pics added below]
Alan's Vintage Watches.
Some more info. Above is a pocket watch from Molnija. It is very likely that this wristwatch started out like this. It's probably the same case and movement. If you imagine blanking out this dial. moving the 12 to where the 9 is, soldering lugs to where the 9 and 3 are in this picture, modifying the step so that you can put in a wristwatch crown, there you have it. The secondary seconds chapter, currently at 6 in the watch pictured, becomes at 9 o'clock, as in my wristwatch. Thanks Don, for info on this pocket watch.
Below, a photo with the light-activated luminous material glowing, in a semi-darkened room. The hands are luminous, but nothing on the dial is luminous.