In preparation for Techcrunch our team has just rewritten our twitter tiny url plugin for Joomla 1.5. As of 31 August 2010, twitter no longer supports remote login using password and id, this means that all applications doing authentication via this method will no longer work. In its stead Twitter requires all third party applications to use the OAuth method. This is more secured as password and id is longer stored on third party servers but just on Twitter itself.
When users login to the third party application, the twitter api portal will send a secret and public key to the third party application. This two keys will be used along with two other keys that the third party application has to update the end user's status on twitter.
No. It is not possible. The two consumer keys generated for the end user at this third party application is unique to this particular third party application. In the event another application attempts to use this same pair of end user keys to write to the end user's accound, the attempt will be block by Twitter api portal.
Alls said. The release of this updated plugin will be made available to the public within the next few days. Currently it is in its beta testing stage and is available only to the staff of Gary Web Consulting Group!


It's one thing to say you got married in the small town that your parents grew up in, but it's so much more charming when that town is in Spain and it's so small that you can count the number of houses there are on your hand. Megan of Bikini Birdie was witness to this special day. She says, "The town was so tiny .. maybe there were only twelve homes and the church. It was pretty incredible. The bride was able to walk from her home where she was getting ready with her father to the church. Their wedding was the first one in the church in some twenty + years". Only in Spain, right? You're going to fall in love with the style of their wedding! So simple and rural, with a breathtaking view.
We're so used to seeing bouquets with blooming peonies, but don't they look just as pretty before they burst open?
Best dressed wedding guests, no?
Thank you so much for sharing this special wedding. 100 Layer Cake is such a beautiful blog. We are flattered to be a part of your project.
The first inversion demands the 3rdin the chord on the bass note. The free i - Tunes Code Generator resource needs to be free of adware and another viruses which could affect the end result in tthe card along with cards. What are the Differences Between Laughter and Humor.
The couples have enjoyed the best day of their life. Now it's time for others to experience the same. Great photography!!
Stunning story tɦere. What occurred after? Tɦanks!


Despite the fact that little Caleb got up at 1AM and 5AM for a feeding last night (thanks to TWO leaky diaper incidents).. I still dragged my you-know-what over to tennis this morning at 8AM. Shockingly…. I connected with the ball a few times. Not saying I was good by ANY MEANS – but I at least CONNECTED. I don't feel as FOOLISH as I did the week before. Before the lesson began, I asked my SUPER AMAZING and ridiculously talented tennis instructor (how's that for an intro Max?) for some reminders. I forgot everything! How to stand. How to hold the club… err… racquet. Where my feet should be facing.
But Max gave me some pointers and off we went. Lots of fun! I'm glad to be playing again. Maybe one day I will actually be good enough to … GASP… play a real game while on vacation with my family. You know that's my goal.
Anyway, as IF that wasn't enough. My friend Tracy and I ran home to change and then hit LA Fitness for a cardio kickboxing class with our other friend. What is going on? I don't know who I am anymore!! LOL!
Full disclosure – the class did a real number on my knees. They felt like they were going to POP at any second. So, I stopped doing all the moves like the rest of the group. Toned down the jumping jacks too. I was in major pain. My knees always give me issue when there's sporadic movement. I wasn't about to push myself… not on the first day at least.
Brought my bathing suit to go swimming after too but the pool isn't open yet. OH WELL – I think next week it will be ready so that will happen soon enough.
Did I mention I'm exhausted?


text:
In This Article Psychology of Money
Money as a Motivator: Neuroscience and Cognition
Money as a Motivator: Applied Research (Work)
Money as a Motivator: Applied Research (Health and Prosocial Behavior)
Money as a Distractor
Money as a Cultural Object
Money across the Lifespan
Psychological Consequences of Spending Money
Psychological Consequences of Wealth and Poverty
Money-Related Problematic Behaviors
The Psychometrics of Money
Affective Forecasting
Prosocial Spending and Well-Being
Savoring
Data Science Methods for Psychology
Empathy and Altruism
Psychology of Money
Erik Bijleveld, Lena Schäfer, Dorottya Rusz
Around ten thousand years ago, several communities around the world transitioned from a hunter–gatherer lifestyle into an agricultural one. Along with this lifestyle transition, many communities evolved the desire to efficiently store and exchange value. Thus, people invented money, and by now, money plays an important role in most people's lives. 'Money' refers to the institutions people use to store wealth, to measure value, and to exchange goods and services. Also, money encompasses the material objects tied to these institutions, such as coins and banknotes. This article provides a broad overview of the psychological literature on money. In particular, it points the reader to research that addresses the following questions: When and how does money motivate human behavior? When and how does money distract people from working? How does money acquire cultural associations? How do these cultural associations manifest themselves on the behavioral level? How do young children and older adults process money? How does spending money affect people's feelings? What are the psychological consequences of being wealthy versus being poor? What is the nature of money-related problematic behaviors, such as compulsive spending and pathological gambling? To answer these questions, this bibliography mainly highlights classic and recent psychological research, but it also cites insights from economics, neuroscience, and anthropology.
Lea and Webley 2006 presents an in-depth review of the psychology of money, proposing a novel distinction between different psychological functions of money. Furnham and Argyle 1998 presents a rich overview of intellectual traditions that deal with how money relates to human behavior. In an edited volume, Bijleveld and Aarts 2014 offers reflections on money from different scientific perspectives, such as social and experimental psychology. A philosophical perspective on money is presented in the historically important work Simmel 2004, which provides a wide-ranging discussion of the psychological and philosophical aspects of the money economy. In contemporary work, it is important to note that two general fields of study are particularly important to the understanding of the psychology of money: the study of motivation and the study of behavioral economics. Giving a full overview of these fields is beyond the scope of the present article, but the interested reader is referred to Richter, et al. 2013 for motivation science, and to Hochman and Ayal 2014 for behavioral economics.
Bijleveld, E., and H. Aarts, eds. 2014. The psychological science of money. New York: Springer.
Edited volume. Gives an overview of several scientific approaches to the study of money.
Furnham, A., and M. Argyle. 1998. The psychology of money. London: Routledge.
Provides a well-informed and broad overview of how money may affect the human mind and behavior.
Hochman, G., and S. Ayal. 2014. Behavioral economics. Oxford Bibliographies in Psychology.
A literature review about behavioral economics, similar in structure to the present article.
Lea, S. E. G., and P. Webley. 2006. Money as tool, money as drug: The biological psychology of a strong incentive. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29.2: 161–209.
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X06009046E-mail Citation »
Provides a comprehensive review of the psychological science of money. Based on this review, the authors propose that money has two broad psychological functions: People use money as a tool, but money also functions as a drug. Includes commentaries by other researchers, some of whom offer alternative perspectives. Available online by request.
Richter, M., R. A. Wright, K. Brinkmann, and G. H. E. Gendolla. 2013. Motivation. Oxford Bibliographies in Psychology.
A literature review about motivation science, similar in structure to the present article.
Simmel, G. 2004. The philosophy of money. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Simmel presents an analysis of the exchange and circulation of commodities, considers the relationship between the use of money and people's personality, and targets important areas of life, such as individual freedom. Originally printed in 1900 (Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot).
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text:
TCL-Cumbria
3 Year Industry-led funded PhD:
Research & development of gas & liquids powered materials processing phenomena
TCL-Cumbria has developed a novel environmentally friendly device utilising fluid dynamics technology which is designed for use with liquids, gases and flow-able materials.
A vortical flow induced by suitably interacting secondary fluid jets in a pipe-connecting chamber can sustain a primary fluid or flow-able media flow through pipes between tanks at different hydraulic heads requiring no moving mechanical parts. Moving from recent theoretical analyses and prototype testing, this project will optimise the design of this multi-purpose pumping device by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and test experimentally the final design.
Applicants will have a first Degree in Mechanical/Aerospace Engineering or related area, some basic experience of grid generation and usage of commercial CFD packages, and good spoken and written English skills.
This doctoral research project will be supervised by Lancaster University and TCL-CUMBRIA; Industrial Designers and Innovators of the application of fluid power - compressed air, pneumatics, hydraulics - combined with mechanical engineering, mechatronics and automation technology. Skills have been applied in a wide spectrum of environments from agriculture to motor vehicles, energy to pharmaceutical and special effects for film studios.
This project has now been recruited.
By joining the Centre for Global Eco-Innovation you will receive £15,000 tax free per year, have your postgraduate tuition fees paid for by your partner business, worth £4,121/year (fees for Non EU/UK graduates are subsidised from £17,085/year to £12,964/year), become part of a cohort of graduates working with an award-winning team on business-led R&D, and finish in a strong position to enter a competitive job market in the UK and overseas. This post is subject to confirmation of European Union funding.
www.globalecoinnovation.org
The Centre for Global Eco-Innovation
This doctoral research project is one of a cohort of industry-led funded research projects from the Centre for Global Eco-Innovation, an international alliance supporting university-business collaboration. The Centre delivers high quality, business-led research to create eco-innovative technologies, products and services.
At the heart of the Centre are people who are researching, developing and innovating to address global challenges, including energy, water, natural capital, resource efficiency, food, and waste, to deliver economic, social and environmental benefits. Launched in 2012 the Centre and has won two national awards for its ground breaking approach to sustainable R&D and knowledge exchange.


We have 4 levels of S2M Center to ensure there is a right level to suit your situation. These levels can be integrated with the level of Cabinet Vision or Cabnetware that best suits your requirements.
A great solution for the growing business with CNC capabilities.


A brand new portfolio awaits Finance Minister Cathy Bennett — assuming she does not give up first, or refuse a demotion. If Andrews needs to retire 200,000 shares of inventory the finance manager enters 200 within the field. Though it's tough to present an ideal definition of Finance following selected statements will assist you deduce its broad which means. Thanks vonowen, I hope you do go this info on to your pals heading for finance careers. Thank god we have corporations like this that are prepared to make it possible for the presents are given to the precise folks.
As a way to ensure timely publication, authors will probably be allowed a maximum of six (6) months for supply of a serious revision, and a maximum of three (3) months for minor revisions. The dealership salesmen are going to try to get you to finance with a captive finance company because they obtain cash for each mortgage they can prepare. There are several corporations who've tried to regulate the Yahoo boards by eradicating messages, posting rebuttals and even suing the Yahoo users who made the defamatory feedback. This web page lists jobs that contain loads of the things that many ENFPs have said they don't get pleasure from doing regularly.
I don't buy into the argument that the problems of finance will be solved by rules, it's, as each the U.Ok. and U.S. governments have identified 1 , an moral downside. However the idea (which has some advocates) of a government bank card for all citizens + all equity finance for greater projects has a sure attraction. If financing themselves with equity, relatively than debt, actually was costly, banks would have used the conduits to a large degree – particularly since the availability of the loophole was well-recognized to all banks. Bing Finance is one elementary stock screener that filters by way of companies not listed on major exchanges.
These occupations are thrilling, well-paid, and far respected, earning its successful job holders praise and advancement on the planet of finance. Every year for the reason that early Nineteen Nineties, EFA and EIASM jointly organise a one-day EFA-EIASM Doctoral Tutorial in Finance for PhD college students which takes place instantly prior to the official opening of the EFA convention. Private and Household Finance: Should you take pleasure in cash or are all for studying extra about finance (however do not like doing the mathematics half), then this can be a straightforward-to-finish class for you. A bachelor's degree in finance or a related subject of examine is usually required and additional training or experience in sales and banking is advantageous.


Please indicate all that you would be able/interested to help with. Once we have all responses we will allocate events based on availability. The more you are able to offer help with by ticking here, the easier it will be for us to allocate fairly throughout the year.
Any other info the committee needs to know?


There is nothing more natural to a parent than kissing a newborn's soft pink feet and counting its tiny toes. But once the baby starts to take its first steps, it is not so easy to know if its feet are developing normally. The good news is that doctors no longer take such drastic corrective measures when dealing with most foot disorders.
In fact, many such conditions aren't considered problems at all. "A baby's foot undergoes many changes that aren't serious, don't require any treatment, and are often normal parts of development," says Micheal Goldbearg, M.D.
, F.A.A.P., Professor and Chairman of orthopedics at the Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston. Although the adult shoe has changed from being a protective covering to becoming a status symbol, the child's shoe has remained in its basic sole-protecting the foot from the hazards of the outside world.
Regardless of age, a shoe's main purpose is to provide a protective covering during cold weather and prevent injury caused by stepping on sharp objects outdoors. But when kids are just learning to walk, they need plenty of shoeless time. Inside the house, socks with rubberized soles will provide protection without the risk of falling. But kids at some point have to leave the safety of their house and be able to move outside, without endangering their feet. Thus, when parents are buying a child's shoes it is important to remember to have their babies' and children's feet measured by an experienced salesperson as nobody wants the shoe to slip while the kid is walking or to rub against the ankle or toes.
"Make sure both feet are measure while the child is standing!" adds Dr. Micheal Goldbearg. A recent survey of professionals who give advice on children's feet, including pediatricians, orthopedic surgeons, pediatric orthopedics, and podiatrists, revealed wide divergence of opinion regarding shoes and footwear in both normal and problematic feet. Then, what is a parent left to do? The only rational approach to the subject is to examine some traditional ideas in the light of recent studies and experience, so as to determine if the professional views should be upheld or discarded. 1. Shoes are necessary to promote foot development: In other words normal children's feet need support, otherwise they will become flat.
Recent studies seem to contradict this. Feet deformities like bunions and hammer-toes are very rare among children who wear no shoes, in contrast to those who do, where such deformities are commonly detected. 2.
High-top shoes are necessary to support the ankle as the child takes its first steps: Well-meaning but misinformed relatives often perpetrate this myth. Studies have shown that when a child is strong enough to stand up and walk, he will have ankles strong enough to support his body. 3.
Sneakers, if worn for more than a couple of hours a day, are bad for children: This is a widely held belief among consumers as well as professionals. There is absolutely no evidence that normal feet develop into flatfeet if tennis shoes rather then hi-top or leather shoes are used. 4. Shoe salesmen are competent to diagnose foot problems and advise remedial shoe war for children: This is totally erroneous. Most shoe salesmen are well intentioned and desire to sell you the most comfortable shoes they can find. But they are not trained to give advice regarding foot problems.
Responsible salesmen should suggest to parents that their child should visit a doctor, in case its feet do not appear right. 5. The Price of Shoes: The price of shoes is often related to the kind of material used. Leather is the most expensive, especially if it used for both uppers and soles.
Since leather allows the feet to "breathe" in the shoes it helps avoid sweat accumulation and skin irritation. But while leather uppers are desirable, leather soles are not necessary and can be replaced by rubber or crepe soles. 6. The Soles of the Shoes: The soles of the shoes whether leather or rubber, should be thick enough to protect, yet flexible enough for walking.
It is also important to look at the bottom of the soles to determine depth of the grooves. The deeper the grooves the better the traction. 7.
Fitting Children's Shoes: Parents must remember looking for a pair of shoes to fit their child's feet, not vice versa. To get a good fit, both the shape and the size of the shoes should comfort to its feet. Foot size increases whether standing, sleeping, or running. Once the shoes are on, parents should check for adequate length and width, depending on their child's unique case.
8. The Appropriate Shoe: Certain types of shoes are appropriate depending on the child's age. Babies and crawlers do not need shoes. They only need booties, warm socks, or pre-walking shoes that do not bind feet.
Shoes for toddles, on the other hand, age 9months to 3 years, should allow the foot to breathe due to perspiration. Style and shoe-fit is important for school-age children. For any child age, parents should be aware that problems such as flatfeet or high arch could be developed, and they should always pay attention to the anatomic nature of the shoes purchased.


text:
Meditation changes gene expression, study shows
Published	 Tuesday 10 December 2013	 Published	Tue 10 Dec 2013
By Belinda Weber
Practitioners have been attesting to it for years, and now medical science is waking up to the idea that meditation really does have health benefits. A new study, published in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology, has discovered specific molecular changes in the body after a period of mindful meditation.
Meditation is not new - with its roots in prehistory, it almost certainly predates the science that now endorses it. History shows that its practice was adopted by Eastern cultures thousands of years ago, with ancient Indian scriptures dating from 5,000 years ago detailing techniques. But it is a relative newcomer to the West.
For the study, researchers compared the effects of a day of intensive mindful-meditation in a group of experienced meditators with a group of untrained subjects who enjoyed a day of quiet, non-meditative activities.
After 8 hours, the meditators showed a range of genetic and molecular differences, including reduced levels of pro-inflammatory genes. This correlates with faster physical recovery from a stressful situation.
The researchers, from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spain, believe this is the first study to find a relationship between meditation and gene expression.
Dr. Richard J. Davidson, founder of the Center for Investigating Healthy Minds, explains:
"To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that shows rapid alterations in gene expression within subjects associated with mindfulness meditation practice."
Mindfulness practice affected certain regulatory pathways
Molecular analysis showed that the pro-inflammatory genes RIPK2 and COX2 were affected, together with several histone deacetylase (HDAC) genes, which control the activity of other genes by removing a chemical tag.
Moreover, the results showed that the extent to which some of the genes were down-regulated was associated with faster cortisol recovery to a social stress test, where participants were challenged to make an impromptu speech or complete mental calculations in front of an audience.
The researchers point out that there were no differences in the tested genes at the start of the study and that the observed effects were only seen in the meditators following mindfulness practice.
The authors also note that several other DNA-modifying genes showed no differences between groups, suggesting that mindfulness practice affected only certain regulatory pathways.
Perla Kaliman, researcher at the Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona and first author of the study, says:
"The regulation of HDACs and inflammatory pathways may represent some of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of mindfulness-based interventions. Our findings set the foundation for future studies to further assess meditation strategies for the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions."
The authors claim that the genetic changes experienced by the meditators prove that mindfulness practice can lead to epigenetic alterations of the genome.
Dr. Davidson concludes:
"Our genes are quite dynamic in their expression and these results suggest that the calmness of our mind can actually have a potential influence on their expression."
Meditation is gaining advocates among the medical community, with research showing its benefits for Alzheimer's patients and sufferers of chronic inflammation.
Yoga, meditation counter gene expression changes that cause stress Mind-body interventions - such as yoga and meditation - reverse changes in gene expression that trigger stress and related health conditions, study finds. Read now
Mindfulness meditation may help smokers quit - even those with no willpower An intention to quit smoking may be less important than targeting self-control mechanisms, according to experts who have reviewed the evidence. Read now
Brain study shows inflammation is a marker of autism Using the largest data set for a study on gene expression and autism, researchers found the brains of people with autism have inflammation response genes perpetually turned on. Read now
Five of the best meditation apps: Which one is right for you? More people are turning to meditation apps to help them relieve stress and anxiety. But with hundreds of apps out there, which one should you choose? Read now
What is the best type of meditation? A look at different types of meditation and the benefits of each. Included are tips for better meditation and information on how long it takes to work. Read now
Complementary Medicine / Alternative Medicine
University of Wisconsin-Madison press release. Accessed 9 December 2013.
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Visit our Genetics category page for the latest news on this subject, or sign up to our newsletter to receive the latest updates on Genetics.
Weber, Belinda. "Meditation changes gene expression, study shows." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 10 Dec. 2013. Web.
Weber, B. (2013, December 10). "Meditation changes gene expression, study shows." Medical News Today. Retrieved from
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text:
\section{\protect\bigskip Introduction}

At present, there is no deep understanding of the observed pattern of
fermion masses and mixing. In the framework of the Standard Model (SM), this
pattern can be accommodated by adjusting the value of the Yukawa couplings,
which is allowed, since the gauge symmetry does not constrain the flavour
structure of the these couplings. There have many attempts at finding a
rationale for the pattern of fermion masses and mixing \cite{frit}.

An interesting suggestion for the flavour pattern of Yukawa couplings is the
hypothesis of universal strength of Yukawa couplings (USY) \cite{usy-first},
which assumes that the flavour dependence is all contained in their phases.
The USY hypothesis, implemented within the SM, can accommodate most of the
observed pattern of quark masses and mixing, with the notable exception of
the strength of CP violation, measured by the rephasing invariant
I_{CP}\equiv |\mathrm{{Im}(V_{us}V_{cb}V_{cs}^{*}V_{ub}^{*})|}$. This is a
remarkable achievement, since the fit of experimental data can be obtained
even in the context USY ans\"{a}tze \cite{usy-second} \cite{usy-second0},
where the USY phases are entirely fixed by the quark mass ratios, while the
Cabibbo Kobayashi Maskawa mixing matrix (CKM) is predicted without free
parameters. Prior to the measurement of the rephasing invariant angle
\gamma \equiv Arg(-V_{11}V_{23}V_{13}^{*}V_{21}^{*})^{CKM}$, of the standard
unitarity triangle, the fact that USY within the SM cannot account for the
observed strength of CP violation, was not a great drawback. One could
always assume that New Physics (NP) contributed significantly to CP
violation both in the Kaon and B-sectors, thus allowing for a small value of
$I_{CP}$. This is no longer viable with the measurement of a large value of
\gamma $ \cite{pdg}, which does not receive significant contributions from
NP \cite{botella}. However, NP can still give an important or even dominant
contribution \cite{aguilar} to $\chi \equiv
Arg(-V_{23}V_{32}V_{22}^{*}V_{33}^{*})^{CKM}$, which is small (of the order
of a few percent) in the framework of the SM \cite{aguilar}.

In this paper, we show that if one implements the USY hypothesis in the
framework of an extension of the SM, where one vector-like \cite{vectorlike}
quark is introduced, one may fully account for the observed pattern of quark
masses and mixing, including the size of $I_{CP}$. This paper is organized
as follows. In the next section, we analyse a specific USY ansatz within the
SM where the full CKM matrix is predicted as a function of the quark mass
ratios, with no free parameters\cite{usy-third}. This analysis shows that
the Ansatz is able to account for the pattern of quark masses and mixing,
with the exception of the strength of CP violation. In section 3, we present
an analytical study of a new USY ansatz in the framework of an extension of
the SM, where one isosinglet vector-like quark is introduced. A numerical
analysis of the same Ansatz is presented in section 4. This analysis
indicates that, in the above extension of the SM, it is possible to account
for the pattern of quark masses and mixing, including the strength of CP
violation. Finally, we present our conclusions in section 5.

\section{USY predictions within the SM}

In this section, we illustrate the USY predictions within the SM, in the
framework of an Ansatz where the full CKM matrix is predicted in terms of
quark mass ratios, with no free parameters\cite{usy-third}. Let us assume
the following structure for the up and down quark mass matrices
\begin{equation}
M_{u,d}=c\left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 1 & e^{i(\alpha -\beta )} \\
1 & 1 & e^{i(\alpha )} \\
e^{i(\alpha -\beta )} & e^{i(\alpha )} & e^{i(\alpha )
\end{array
\right) _{u,d}  \label{usy1}
\end{equation
Since we have a total of three parameters for each sector, all quantities of
the CKM matrix are exact functions of the quark mass ratios. To extract
these, we proceed as follows. We define a squared mass matrix $H\equiv \frac
1}{9c^{2}}MM^{\dagger }$ with trace normalized to $1$. Then, the two
remaining invariants of $H$, are expressed in terms of the USY phases
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
Det[H]\equiv \delta =\frac{m_{1}^{2}m_{2}^{2}m_{3}^{2}}{\left(
m_{1}^{2}+m_{2}^{2}+m_{3}^{2}\right) ^{3}}=\frac{4^{2}}{9^{3}}\sin ^{4}
\frac{\beta }{2}) \\
\\
\chi \lbrack H]\equiv \chi =\frac
m_{1}^{2}m_{2}^{2}+m_{1}m_{3}+m_{2}^{2}m_{3}^{2}}{\left(
m_{1}^{2}+m_{2}^{2}+m_{3}^{2}\right) ^{2}}=\frac{4}{9^{2}}\left[ \sin ^{2}
\frac{\alpha }{2})+4\sin ^{2}(\frac{\beta }{2})+\sin ^{2}(\frac{\alpha
-2\beta }{2})+2\sin ^{2}(\frac{\alpha -\beta }{2})\right
\end{array}
\label{inv1}
\end{equation
Taking into account the observed hierarchy of quark masses, Eq. (\ref{inv1})
implies that both phases $\alpha ,\beta $ have to be small. They can be
expressed as explicit functions of the $\chi $ and $\delta $ :
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
\sin ^{2}(\frac{\beta }{2})=\frac{27}{4}\sqrt{\delta } \\
\\
\sin ^{2}(\frac{\alpha -\beta }{2})=\frac{9^{2}}{4^{2}}\chi \left( \frac{1-
\frac{\sqrt{\delta }}{\chi }}{1-\frac{27}{4}\sqrt{\delta }}\right
\end{array}
\label{extract}
\end{equation}

The Ansatz of Eq. (\ref{usy1}) can be viewed as a specific perturbation of
the so called ''democratic ansatz'', which is obtained in the limit $\alpha
=\beta =0$. At a first stage of the perturbation, $\alpha \neq 0$, $\beta =0$
and the $u$, $d$ quarks are massless, so it corresponds to the chiral limit.
In fact, it has been shown that the USY structures corresponding to the
chiral limit can be classified into six exact solutions \cite{usy-second0},
so Eq. (\ref{usy1}) with $\beta =0$ corresponds to one of these solutions
\cite{usy-third}. At a second stage of the perturbation, $\beta \neq 0$ and
the $u$, $d$ quarks acquire a mass. From Eqs. (\ref{inv1}, \ref{extract}),
one obtains in leading order:
\begin{equation}
\left| \alpha \right| =\frac{9}{2}\frac{m_{2}}{m_{3}}\quad ;\quad \left|
\beta \right| =3\sqrt{3}\frac{\sqrt{m_{1}m_{2}}}{m_{3}}  \label{ab}
\end{equation}
It is also useful to introduce the parameters $\lambda $ and $A$ defined by
\begin{equation}
\lambda =\sqrt{\frac{m_{1}}{m_{2}}}\quad ;\quad A=\frac{m_{2}^{2}}{m_{3}m_{1
}=O(1)  \label{wolf}
\end{equation}
It is clear that this choice of parameters was inspired by the Wolfenstein
parametrization of the CKM matrix. Using Eq. (\ref{wolf}), Eq. (\ref{ab})
translates into $\left| \alpha \right| =\frac{9}{2}\ A\lambda ^{2}$, $\left|
\beta \right| =3\sqrt{3}\ A\lambda ^{3}$.

\bigskip The quark mass matrices $H_{u,d}\equiv \left( MM^{\dagger }\right)
_{u,d}$ are diagonalized by:
\begin{equation}
V_{u}^{\dagger }\ H_{u}\ V_{u}=D_{u}^{2}\quad ;\quad V_{d}^{\dagger }\
H_{d}\ V_{d}=D_{d}^{2}  \label{diag}
\end{equation
The unitary matrices $V_{u,d}$ can be written as:
\begin{equation}
V_{u,d}=F\cdot W_{u,d}\quad ;\quad F=\left[
\begin{array}{ccc}
\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & \frac{-1}{\sqrt{6}} & \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \\
\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}} & \frac{-1}{\sqrt{6}} & \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} \\
0 & \frac{2}{\sqrt{6}} & \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}
\end{array
\right]  \label{vd}
\end{equation
The absolute values of the elements of the matrices $W_{u,d}$ are close to
those of the identity and can be expressed in terms of the parameters
\lambda $ and $A$ as:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
\left\vert W_{12}\right\vert =\lambda \ \left( 1+...\right) \\
\\
|W_{23}|=\sqrt{2}\ A\lambda ^{2}\ \left( 1+...\right) \\
\\
|W_{13}|=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\ A\lambda ^{3}\ \left( 1+...\right
\end{array}
\label{v-simple}
\end{equation
Since we take the same flavour structure for the down and up quark sectors,
\ the matrix $F$ cancels out in the computation of $V_{CKM}$ and one
obtains:
\begin{equation}
V_{CKM}=W_{u}^{\dagger }\ W_{d}  \label{ckm1}
\end{equation
This ansatz has the remarkable feature of giving $V_{CKM}$ in terms of the
quark mass ratios, with no free parameters. In leading order one obtains:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
V_{12}^{CKM}=\sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}}\left( 1-\frac{3i}{4}\frac{m_{s}}
m_{b}}-i\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\right) -\sqrt
\frac{m_{u}}{m_{c}}} \\
\\
V_{23}^{CKM}=\sqrt{2}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\left( 1+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sqrt
\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}}+\frac{3i}{4}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}+i\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2
\sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\right) \\
\\
V_{13}^{CKM}=\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\left( \sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}
m_{s}}}+2\sqrt{\frac{m_{u}}{m_{c}}}\left( 1+\frac{3i}{4}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}
\right) -i\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\right) \\
\\
V_{22}^{CKM}=1-\frac{m_{d}}{2m_{s}}-\frac{m_{u}}{2m_{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}
m_{s}}}\sqrt{\frac{m_{u}}{m_{c}}}+\frac{3}{8}\left( \frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}
\right) ^{2}-\left( \frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\right) ^{2
\end{array}
\label{ckm2}
\end{equation
where the signs in front of each of the mass ratio depend on the relative
sign of the initial USY phases{\footnote
Althougth there are other terms of the same order in each of these $V_{CKM}$
elements, we only give here the terms which contribute to $I_{CP}$ in lowest
order. Up to this order, one may take $V_{22}^{CKM}=1$. In addition, one may
even vary the sign of each mass ratio $\pm \sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}}$, $\pm
\frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}$, $\pm \sqrt{\frac{m_{u}}{m_{c}}}$, depending on the
sign of the associated USY complex phase. However, despite this extra
freedom, significant cancelations still occur in the leading order terms of
I_{CP}$, which remains small.}}. These results for the USY ansatz are very
encouraging as they lead to good phenomenological results for $V_{CKM}$ as a
function of the quark mass ratios. One can see that in a first order
approximation, the following sum rule holds in leading order:
\begin{equation}
\left\vert \frac{V_{13}^{CKM}}{V_{23}^{CKM}}\right\vert =\frac{1}{2
\left\vert V_{12}^{CKM}\right\vert  \label{sum}
\end{equation
which is in agreement with experiment.

Having $V_{CKM}$ as a function of the quark mass ratios, one can also
compute $I_{CP}\equiv \mathrm{{Im}(}$ $V_{12}V_{23}V_{22}^{\ast
}V_{13}^{\ast })^{CKM}$ as a function of the masses. The leading order term
that one finds is
\begin{equation}
\left\vert I_{CP}\right\vert =\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{8}\left( \left\vert \left(
\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}\right) \pm 2\sqrt{3\frac{m_{u}}{m_{c}}}\right\vert
\right) \sqrt{\frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}}\left( \frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\right) ^{3}
\label{jcp}
\end{equation
where again the sign depends on the relative sign of the initial USY phases.
However, Eq. (\ref{jcp}) illustrates the weak point of the USY hypothesis.
From Eq. (\ref{jcp}), one concludes that $\left\vert I_{CP}\right\vert
\lesssim o(\lambda ^{9})\approx 5\times 10^{-7}$ which is too small to
account for the experimental value $\left\vert I_{CP}\right\vert \cong
3\times 10^{-5}$. The point is that this USY ansatz predicts correctly the
values of $\left\vert V_{12}^{CKM}\right\vert $, $\left\vert
V_{23}^{CKM}\right\vert $, $\left\vert V_{13}^{CKM}\right\vert $,
\left\vert V_{22}^{CKM}\right\vert $, but predicts a small value for $\gamma
\equiv Arg(-V_{11}V_{23}V_{13}^{\ast }V_{21}^{\ast })^{CKM}$, which in turn
leads to a small value for $I_{CP}$. The above statement may seem
contradictory, since it is well known \cite{lavoura} that from the precise
knowledge of four independent moduli of $V_{CKM}$, one can extract
\left\vert I_{CP}\right\vert $ using $3\times 3$ unitarity. The
contradiction is only apparent. The point is that a reliable extraction of
\left\vert I_{CP}\right\vert $ from $\left\vert V_{12}^{CKM}\right\vert $,
\left\vert V_{23}^{CKM}\right\vert $, $\left\vert V_{13}^{CKM}\right\vert $,
$\left\vert V_{22}^{CKM}\right\vert $ (or from the moduli of the first two
lines of $V_{CKM}$) requires a totally unfeasible precision in the knowledge
of the above four moduli. A simple way of understanding this, is by
realizing that the above extraction of $I_{CP}$ would be equivalent to
deriving the area of the squashed unitary triangle, corresponding to
orthogonality of the first two lines of $V_{CKM}$, from the knowledge of its
sides.

In general, it is not possible to generate a correct value of $I_{CP}$
within the USY framework implemented in the framework of the SM. Indeed, a
numerical analysis reveals that, for all USY cases in the SM, not restricted
to the particular form of Eq. (\ref{usy1}), one is lead to $\left\vert
I_{CP}\right\vert <10^{-6}$, which is too small compared to $\left\vert
I_{CP}\right\vert _{\exp }$.

\section{USY with one extra vector-like quark}

\subsection{The Model}

The previous analysis provides motivation to implement the USY hypothesis in
the framework of a minimal extension of the SM, consisting of the addition
of the following fields to the SM spectrum:

- A vector-like down-type (i.e. $Q=-1/3$) quark $D$ added to the 3
generation left handed and right handed quark fields $Q_{L_{i}}$, $d_{R_{i}}
, $u_{R_{i}}$ ;

- A complex scalar Higgs singlet $S$, singlet under $SU(2)\times U(1)$.

In addition, to simplify the analysis, we impose a $Z_{2}$ symmetry under
which all the fields of the SM transform trivially, while the new fields
D_{L}$, $D_{R}$ and $S$ are odd. With this symmetry, mass terms of the form
\overline{Q_{L_{i}}}\Phi \,D_{R}$ (i.e. the coupling to the SM Higgs) are
absent. The Yukawa couplings and mass terms of $D$ are given by: $\overline{
}_{L}\ (f^{i}S+\widetilde{f}^{i}S^{*})\ d_{R_{i}}+M\ \overline{D}_{L}\ D_{R}
. Upon spontaneous symmetry breaking, the Higgs bosons acquire VEV's: $<\Phi
>=v$, $<S>=V_{S}$. It is clear that there are two scales in the model:

-- the scale $v$ of electroweak $SU(2)\times U(1)$ breaking and

-- the scale $V_{S}=<S>$, which can be much larger ($|V_{S}|\gg v$), since
<S>$ does not break the $SU(2)\times U(1)$ gauge symmetry. The same applies
to $M$, which can be much larger than $v$, since the mass term $\overline{D
_{L}\ D_{R}$ is a $SU(2)\times U(1)$ invariant.

We will assume a USY structure for the Yukawa couplings connecting standard
quarks, so the up quark mass matrix has the form of Eq. (\ref{inv1}), while
the down quark mass matrix is given by:
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{M}_{d}=c_{d}\left(
\begin{array}{cccc}
1 & 1 & e^{i(\alpha _{d}-\beta _{d})} & 0 \\
1 & 1 & e^{i\alpha _{d}} & 0 \\
e^{i(\alpha _{d}-\beta _{d})} & e^{i\alpha _{d}} & e^{i\alpha _{d}} & 0 \\
p_{1} & p_{2} & p_{3} & \mu _{o
\end{array}
\right)  \label{m4}
\end{equation}
where the $p_{i}$ are complex numbers given by $\ p_{i}=\frac{1}{c_{d}
(f^{i}V_{S}+\widetilde{f}^{i}V_{S}^{*}\ )$ and $\ \mu _{o}=\frac{1}{c_{d}}M
. In view of the above discussion, it is natural to assume that
O|p_{i}|=O(\mu _{o})\gg 1$.

\subsection{The effective down quark mass matrix}

Next we evaluate how the presence of the vector-like quark $D$ affects the
effective $3\times 3$ down quark mass matrix connecting the standard quarks.
Note that it is this effective down quark mass matrix which, together with
the up quark mass matrix, that generates the $3\times 3$ CKM matrix
connecting standard quarks.

In order to pursue our goal, we explicitly compute the effective $3\times 3$
down quark mass matrix, resulting from Eq. (\ref{m4}) by integrating out the
fourth heavy down quark. We explain exactly how the extra vector-like quark
modifies the pure USY hypothesis, and thus, gives a significant contribution
to CP violation. We obtain in leading order:
\begin{equation}
H_{eff}^{d}=m\ m^{\dagger }-m\ \frac{P\ P^{\dagger }}{\mu ^{2}}\ m^{\dagger }
\label{heff0}
\end{equation
where
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
m=\frac{1}{9}\left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 1 & e^{i(\alpha -\beta )} \\
1 & 1 & e^{i(\alpha )} \\
e^{i(\alpha -\beta )} & e^{i(\alpha )} & e^{i(\alpha )
\end{array
\right) \quad ;\quad P=\left(
\begin{array}{c}
p_{1}^{\ast }\  \\
p_{2}^{\ast }\  \\
p_{3}^{\ast
\end{array
\right) \\
\mu ^{2}=|p_{1}|^{2}+|p_{2}|^{2}+|p_{3}|^{2}+\mu _{o}^{2
\end{array}
\label{heff}
\end{equation
where we have dropped the down-quark subscript $d$ and for convenience have
normalized the trace of $m\ m^{\dagger }$ such that $Tr(m\ m^{\dagger })=1$.
Note that the two terms of $H_{eff}^{d}$ in Eq. (\ref{heff0}) are of the
same order. This is a crucial point, since it makes possible to have a
significant contribution to CP violation arising from the vector-like quark
D$. One can prove that this effective square mass matrix yields the same
results as the full $4\times 4$ square mass matrix $\mathcal{M}_{d}\mathcal{
}_{d}^{\dagger }$ up to corrections of the order of $O(\left( \frac{m_{b}}
M_{D}}\right) ^{2})$, with $M_{D}$ denoting the mass of the extra
vector-like quark. We use $H_{eff}^{d}$ in order to have an analytical
understanding of the effects of the vector-like quark. However, in our
numerical analysis, we shall calculate the full $4\times 4$ square mass
matrix $\mathcal{M}_{d}\mathcal{M}_{d}^{\dagger }$, its mass eigenvalues and
its diagonalization matrix.

\subsection{Extra CP violation from the vector-like quark}

In order to explicitly show the\ effect of the extra vector-like quark, we
choose as an example: $(\ p_{1}\ ,\ p_{2}\ ,\ p_{3}\ ,\ \mu \ )=(\ ik\ ,\
ik\ ,-k\ ,\ k\ )$. For this case, we see that the dependence on $k$ cancels
out and the extra term $\frac{P\ P^{\dagger }}{\mu ^{2}}$ in Eq. (\ref{heff0
) reduces to a simple expression:
\begin{equation}
\frac{P\ P^{\dagger }}{\mu ^{2}}=\frac{1}{4}\ \ d_{i}\ \Delta \
d_{i}^{*}\quad \quad ;\quad \quad d_{i}=diag(i\ ,i\ ,1)\quad \quad ;\quad
\quad \Delta =\left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 1 & 1 \\
1 & 1 & 1 \\
1 & 1 &
\end{array}
\right)  \label{extra}
\end{equation}
and therefore,
\begin{equation}
H_{eff}^{d}=m\ m^{\dagger }-\frac{1}{4}\ m\ d_{i}\ \Delta \ d_{i}^{*}\
m^{\dagger }  \label{case1}
\end{equation}

The diagonalization of this effective matrix is done in two steps. First, we
use the result obtained in Eqs. (\ref{wolf}, \ref{vd}, \ref{v-simple}),
where we have expressed the diagonalization matrix $V=F\cdot W$ of $m\
m^{\dagger }$ as the product of a fixed unitary matrix $F$ and a unitary
matrix $W$, whose absolute value is close to the identity and which can be
parametrized \`{a} la Wolfenstein. The matrix $m$ is symmetric, thus we have
$V^{\dagger }m\ V^{\ast }=d$, where $d$ is diagonal and real. All
parameters, including the USY phases, the eigenvalues of $m\ m^{\dagger }$
and $W$, are given as expansions in a small parameter $\overline{\lambda }$,
and as we chose $Tr(m\ m^{\dagger })=Tr(d^{2})=1$, we have for the leading
order terms: $d=diag(\ \overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{4}\ ,\ \overline{A
\overline{\lambda }^{2}\ ,\ 1)$. Therefore, partially diagonalizing
H_{eff}^{d}$ we obtain
\begin{equation}
H_{eff}^{d}\longrightarrow \widetilde{H}_{eff}^{d}=V^{\dagger }H_{eff}^{d}\
V=d^{2}-\frac{1}{4}\ d\ W^{T}\ F^{T}\ d_{i}\ \Delta \ d_{i}^{\ast }\ F\
W^{\ast }\ d  \label{part}
\end{equation
Note that we chose different symbols $\overline{\lambda }$ , $\overline{A}$
instead of the original $\lambda $, $A$. This is necessary because the
eigenvalues of $m\ m^{\dagger }$ do not coincide with those of $H_{eff}^{d}
. Only the eigenvalues of $H_{eff}^{d}$ relate to the real physical masses.
For simplicity, let us for now assume that $W={1\>\!\!\!\mathrm{I}}$, then
in leading order we have
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
\widetilde{H}_{eff}^{d}=d^{2}-\frac{1}{4}\ d\ \left(
\begin{array}{rrr}
0 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & \frac{4}{3} & \frac{-\sqrt{2}(1+3i)}{3} \\
0 & \frac{-\sqrt{2}(1-3i)}{3} & \frac{5}{3
\end{array
\right) \ \ d= \\
\\
=\left(
\begin{array}{rrr}
\overline{A}^{2}\overline{\lambda }^{8} & 0 & 0 \\
0 & \frac{2}{3}\ \overline{A}^{2}\overline{\lambda }^{4} & \frac{(1+3i)}{
\sqrt{2}}\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{2} \\
0 & \frac{(1-3i)}{6\sqrt{2}}\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{2} & \frac{7}{1

\end{array
\right
\end{array}
\label{part1}
\end{equation
We see that to complete the total diagonalization of $H_{eff}^{d}$,$\ $we
have to diagonalize an extra $2\times 2$ Hermitian matrix. This will give an
important contribution to $V_{CKM}$, since the extra term corresponds to two
modifications:

-- first, further diagonalization implies the transformation of the matrix
\widetilde{H}_{eff}^{d}$ in Eq. (\ref{part1}) with an additional diagonal
unitary matrix $K=diag(1,1,\frac{(1-3i)}{\sqrt{10}})$ and with an additional
orthogonal matrix $O_{23}$ such that, in leading order
\begin{equation}
D_{eff}^{2}=O_{23}^{T}\ K^{*}\ \widetilde{H}\ _{eff}^{d}\ K\ O_{23}=\left(
\begin{array}{rrr}
\overline{A}^{2}\overline{\lambda }^{8} & 0 & 0 \\
0 & \frac{3}{7}\ \overline{A}^{2}\overline{\lambda }^{4} & 0 \\
0 & 0 & \frac{7}{12
\end{array}
\right)  \label{deff}
\end{equation}
where $O_{23}$ is given in leading order by
\begin{equation}
O_{23}=\left(
\begin{array}{lll}
1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 1 & \frac{2\sqrt{5}}{7}\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{2} \\
0 & -\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{7}\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{2} &
\end{array}
\right)  \label{o23}
\end{equation}

-- and second, since the trace in Eq. (\ref{deff}) of the total effective
matrix is no longer normalized to $1$, this implies that the parameters
\overline{\lambda }$ and $\overline{A}$ are slightly different from the
original $\lambda $, $A$. We stress again, that this results from the fact
that the eigenvalues of $m\ m^{\dagger }$ are not the same as the
eigenvalues of $H_{eff}^{d}$. From Eq. (\ref{deff}), it easy to conclude
that, for this effective mass matrix, we now have in leading order
\begin{equation}
\overline{\lambda }=\left( \frac{3}{7}\right) ^{\frac{1}{4}}\sqrt{\frac{m_{1
}{m_{2}}}\quad \quad ;\quad \quad \overline{A}=\frac{7\sqrt{7}}{6\sqrt{3}
\frac{m_{2}^{2}}{m_{3}m_{1}}  \label{Ala}
\end{equation
which will give a significant contribution to $V_{CKM}$. The masses, of
course, refer to the down sector. The angle of the extra diagonalization
matrix $O_{23}$ is, in leading order, equal to $\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\frac{m_{2
}{m_{3}}$ and of the same order as the corresponding angle in the original
diagonalizing matrix $W$.

In conclusion, when computing the new diagonalization matrix, from the
effective mass matrix $H_{eff}^{d}$ , not only do we have to include the
extra unitary matrices $K$ and $O_{23}$, but we have also to substitute the
new expressions for $\overline{\lambda }$ and $\overline{A}$ by the original
$\lambda $, $A$ in Eq. (\ref{vd}). Thus,
\begin{equation}
V_{eff}^{d}=F\ \overline{W}\ K\ O_{23}  \label{veff}
\end{equation
where $\overline{W}=W(\overline{\lambda },\overline{A})$. Obviously, from
the form of $V_{eff}^{d}$, it is clear that CP violation gets an extra
contribution as it now includes the complex matrix $K$, which can not be
factorized out, i.e. included in redefinitions of the quark fields. It is
now easy to see that the leading order term of $I_{CP}$ is just
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{l}
\left\vert I_{CP}\right\vert =\left( \frac{2\sqrt{5}}{7}\overline{A
\overline{\lambda }^{2}\right) \left( \frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}\right) \ \left\vert
\overline{W}_{12}\right\vert \ \left( \left\vert \overline{W}_{12}\overline{
}_{23}\right\vert +\left\vert \overline{W}_{13}\right\vert \right) = \\
\\
=\left( \frac{2\sqrt{5}}{7}\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{2}\right) \left(
\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}\right) \ \overline{\lambda }\ \left( \frac{3}{2}\sqrt{2
\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{3}\right) = \\
\\
=\frac{6\sqrt{2}}{7}\overline{A}^{2}\overline{\lambda }^{6}=\sqrt{\frac{7}{6
}\left( \frac{m_{d}}{m_{s}}\right) \left( \frac{m_{s}}{m_{b}}\right) ^{2
\end{array}
\label{jcp-leading}
\end{equation
where it is sufficient to take the first order terms of $\overline{W}$
in~Eq.(\ref{v-simple}) and substitute the original $\lambda $ and $A$ by the
new $\overline{\lambda }$, $\overline{A}$ in Eq.(\ref{Ala}). The factor
\frac{2\sqrt{5}}{7}\overline{A}\overline{\lambda }^{2}$stands for the angle
of the extra diagonalization matrix $O_{23}$ and the factor $\frac{2}{\sqrt{
}}$ comes from the contribution from the extra unitary matrix $K$ together
with the phases{\footnote
For the sake of the argument, we have taken until now as an example $W=
1\>\!\!\!\mathrm{I}}$, however it turns out that, it is the absolute
values
of the elements of the matrices $W$ that are close to those of the identity.
In fact, $W$ itself differs from the identity by a diagonal unitary matrix.
To be correct, $W$ is very close to $diag(-i,1,ie^{i\frac{\pi }{4}})$.}} of
\overline{W}$. We see now that $I_{CP}$ has become much larger: $\left\vert
I_{CP}\right\vert \approx o(\lambda ^{6})$ which is very near to its
experimental value $3\times 10^{-5}$.

\section{Exact numerical results}

\subsection{Numerical examples}

Next, we present exact numerical results. As previously mentioned, the up
quark mass matrix is taken to be a $3\times 3$ pure USY matrix, given in Eq.
(\ref{usy1}), while the down quark matrix is a $4\times 4$ matrix as in Eq.
\ref{m4}). We present 3 kinds of cases and results to be compared:

\begin{itemize}
\item[(i)] We give a numerical example with the full $3\times 4$ CKM matrix
and other physical quantities using the full $4\times 4$ down-type quark
mass matrix.

\item[(ii)] We calculate the same output using the $3\times 3$ effective
down-type quark mass matrix, according to Eq. (\ref{heff0}).
\end{itemize}

\textbf{Input:}

\begin{center}
\begin{equation}
\begin{tabular}{lllcl}
$c_{u}=60.334\mathrm{{GeV}\,}$ &  & $\alpha _{u}=0.019$ & \hspace{5mm} &
p_{1}=155\ i$ \\
$c_{d}=1.207\mathrm{{GeV}\,}$ &  & $\beta _{u}=0.00102$ & \hspace{5mm} &
p_{2}=145\ i$ \\
&  & $\alpha _{d}=0.11$ & \hspace{5mm} & $p_{3}=-295$ \\
&  & $\beta _{d}=-0.0305$ & \hspace{5mm} & $\mu _{o}=265
\end{tabular}
\label{input}
\end{equation}
\end{center}

\textbf{Output (at the }$M_{Z}$\textbf{\ scale):}

\begin{itemize}
\item[(i)] Output using the $4\times 4$ down-type mass matrix:
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{c}
(m_{u},m_{c},m_{t})=(0.00174,\,0.724,\,181)\mathrm{{GeV}\,,} \\
\\
(m_{d},m_{s},m_{b},m_{D})=(0.00382,\,0.0843,\,3.00,\,543)\mathrm{{GeV}\,,}
\\
\\
|V_{CKM}|=\left(
\begin{array}{cccc}
0.97506 & 0.22190 & 0.0036747 & 0.0000336 \\
0.22173 & 0.97435 & 0.038527 & 0.000139 \\
0.0095568 & 0.037503 & 0.99924 & 0.0037
\end{array}
\right) \,, \\
\\
\rho \equiv |V_{13}|/|V_{23}|=0.0954\,,\qquad |I_{CP}|=3.05\times 10^{-5}\,,
\\
\\
\sin (2\beta )=0.693\,,\qquad \gamma =95.0^{o}\,
\end{array}
\label{out1}
\end{equation}
\newline

\item[(ii)] Output using the $3\times 3$ effective down-type mass matrix
approximation of Eq. (\ref{heff}):
\begin{equation}
\begin{array}{c}
(m_{u},m_{c},m_{t})=(0.00174,\,0.724,\,181)\mathrm{{GeV}\,,} \\
\\
(m_{d},m_{s},m_{b})=(0.00382,\,0.0843,\,3.00)\mathrm{{GeV}\,,} \\
\\
|V_{CKM}|=\left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
0.97506 & 0.22190 & 0.0036746 \\
0.22173 & 0.97435 & 0.038526 \\
0.0095568 & 0.037503 & 0.9992
\end{array}
\right) \,, \\
\\
\rho \equiv |V_{13}|/|V_{23}|=0.0954\,,\qquad |I_{CP}|=3.05\times 10^{-5}\,,
\\
\\
\sin (2\beta )=0.693\,,\qquad \gamma =95.0^{o}\,
\end{array}
\label{out2}
\end{equation}
\end{itemize}

The exact numerical results of Eq. (\ref{out1}) show that a good fit quark
masses and mixing, including the strength of CP violation can be obtained in
the USY framework with the addition of one down-type singlet quark. This
result differs from the one obtained in Ref.\cite{Higuchi:2006sx}, where two
singlet quarks were required. Comparison of Eqs. (\ref{out1}, \ref{out2})
shows that the use of the effective down-type mass matrix is an excellent
approximations, as anticipated.

It is important to verify that a good fit of quark masses and mixing,
including the strength of CP violation is obtained in a non-singular region
of parameter space, so that the results are stable. This was verified by
doing a numerical scan of the parameter space. We chose only a region of the
full parameter space where we expect to obtain good results. The input
parameter space consists of the parameters $(\alpha _{u},\,\beta
_{u}\,,\,\alpha _{d},\,\beta _{d},\,ip_{1},\,ip_{2},-\,p_{3},\,\mu _{o})$.
For each of these, we chose initial and final values and a step. We
maintained the top and bottom mass at fixed values of $181$ and $3.0$ GeV's
at $M_{Z}.$ We obtained a dense set of points around the values presented in
the above example, all of them corresponding to values of masses and mixing
allowed by the experimental data.

\section{Conclusions}

We have shown that a good fit quark masses and mixing, including the
strength of CP violation can be obtained in an extension of the Standard
Model with one down-type singlet quark and universal of strength of Yukawa
couplings connecting standard quarks. The results were obtained both through
an analytical approximate diagonalization of the quark mass matrices and
through an exact numerical evaluation of quark masses and mixing. The
crucial point is that, in the presence of the vector-like quark singlet, the
effective $3\times 3$ quark mass matrix receives in leading approximation
two contributions, one arising from the standard quark mass matrices and
another one arising from quark mass terms involving the vector-like quark
and its mixing with standard quarks. This new contribution to the effective
mass matrix is not suppressed by the ratio of the standard quark masses and
singlet quark masses. It is this new contribution to the effective quark
mass matrix which increases the strength of CP violation, measured by the
rephasing invariant $I_{CP}$.

It is remarkable that the USY Ansatz implemented in a simple extension of
the SM can accommodate the pattern of quark masses and mixing, including the
strength of CP violation. The next step would be to find a framework where
the USY structure for the Yukawa couplings would result from a fundamental
symmetry, eventually implemented at a higher energy scale. Efforts to derive
the USY structure from higher dimension theories have been considered in the
literature \cite{usy-dimensions}. It is worth pointing out that, in higher
dimensional theories, the Kaluza Klein modes of some fermion fields behave
effectively as vectorlike fermions.

\section*{Acknowledgements}

This work was partially supported by Funda\c{c}\~{a}o para a Ci\^{e}ncia e a
Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through the projects CERN/FP/109305/2009,
PTDC/FIS/098188/2008 and CFTP-FCT Unit 777 which are partially funded
through POCTI (FEDER) and by Marie Curie Initial Training Network "UNILHC"
PITN-GA-2009-237920.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


First time parents - First baby girl.
As a Colorado Springs newborn photographer I have seen many parents welcome their first children. Not that subsequent children aren't exciting, but there is something different about welcoming your first. You are entering this unknown territory and can't wait to see what you will be like as parents.
This beautiful first time couple learned they were expecting their first child shortly after they came back from their honeymoon. Talk about a great wedding present! From the moment they found out they were thrilled. They contacted me shortly after to book sessions for pregnancy reveal, maternity, birth and newborn. They wanted to make sure their whole journey to parenthood was captured perfectly.
It was such a joy to work with this couple, and this beautiful red hair woman looked amazing in the green dress she chose. It was a gorgeous evening and the wind was every so slightly blowing. We talked about their upcoming birth photography and newborn photography and we couldn't wait to see if their sweet baby had red hair like her mama (spoiler alert-she definitely did not!). They were dreaming about the day they would welcome their baby and how their labor/delivery would go. It was so exciting. We ended the evening with some beautiful maternity photos with the rocky mountains in the background. It was all around a perfect maternity session.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
by Amy Phillips
Watch the New My Morning Jacket Video
"Holdin on to Black Metal"
Want nightmares when you go to sleep tonight? Watch the new My Morning Jacket video for "Holdin on to Black Metal" from latest album Circuital. Directed by Sole Solution Studios/BranjoFarms, the clip is an old-timey psychedelic trip starring the band as a sort of satanic version of the Rock-afire Explosion. (OK, maybe the Rock-afire Explosion was kinda satanic to begin with.)
Watch it below, via Consequence of Sound:


text:
COUNTDOWN: 12 songs that sum up the UK's mood after Brexit
So the decision has been made and Britain is to leave the EU.
Prime Minister David Cameron has announced he is to step down by October and MPs have tabled a vote of no confidence in Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn.
But we're still no closer to having a complete picture on what the decision actually means for us.
So, in the meantime, why not kick back and relax while enjoying our countdown of 12 songs that we think sum up the mood of Britain today, for those on both sides of the campaign.
Newbold dad to host bowls tournament for children's hospital charity


Speech pathologists were the first persons — beginning in the early 1980's — to begin using Cued Speech with children with Down Syndrome and other developmental disabilities. Parents and educators followed their lead.
This author has experience with three children with Down Syndrome, two boys six years old and a girl 4 years old. Each child was unique.
The parents were interested in developing their children's speech. I taught the boys as a group (along with several normally-developing siblings) for an hour each week for about a year.
One boy was loquacious, but poor articulation and mis-ordering of phonemes made him difficult to understand. His mother used Cued Speech to correct his articulation and pattern the elements in his speech. She found that cueing helped him focus on the speaker's face and articulators, and helped him pay attention auditorily. These factors enabled him to be more precise.
The second boy was very quiet. A number of speech therapists had tried numerous techniques unsuccessfully to have him use his voice. My breakthrough with him came by having him alternate whispering and yelling, so he knew it was okay not to use voice at times and he could control it.
His mother used cueing and talking as a fun thing to do in the bathtub, swimming, swinging, and with music. She found that the motor aspects of his cueing transferred the tension from his oral musculature to his hand, releasing and making it easy and fun for him to talk.
The third child I observed interacting with her mother who cued and had her imitate sounds, syllables and words. This child was younger and at a lower developmental level. She used a few signs. Note that signs look so different from cues that I have never known a child confused by using both.
Parents must evaluate their child's attributes and capabilities and consider if Cued Speech will serve them and their child well. Certainly, the phonemic foundation of Cued Speech is helpful to any child. Nothing is lost by trying it conscientiously, and you may gain considerable benefits.


What change do we passionately want to create for YOU?
Hi, I'm Suresh Iyengar. I created this business in 2012. I wrote blog articles then. Now, I help different businesses get ahead.
I wanted to be the guide who creates the experience for the small business owner so they can retreat from complexity to simplicity. I wanted to build the steps for you, where creating visions for your business becomes effortless and uncomplicated.
I wanted to create this business because business owners don't usually find a place, where they can confidently talk about their challenges. You feel you can't talk to your employees. You find you can't talk to your family. And you feel you can't talk to consultants because you fear they'll charge too much.
So I want to give you an outlet. Sure, others coach for similar reasons. Yet, I'm passionate about helping you realize your vision in simple steps. I want to be the guide who keeps it simple. I want to produce outcomes YOU care about, not just have a menu of services.
Combining 20-year industry expertise in growing profitable small businesses in over 80 countries and driven lifetime achievements, we string together our "pearls" in best practices just to make YOU successful faster. As the Profitability Coach in Houston I'd love to help you grow your business faster and make it profitable along the way.
We offer a 25-minute FREE phone call to understand current issues you face in your small business and see if we'll fit working together.


text:
Council's $100k spend on banquet
5 Apr, 2018 4:29pm 3 minutes to read
Govt begins winding down irrigation funding
Memorial service for Winnie Madikizela-Mandela to be held in Wellington
5 Apr, 2018 4:44pm
Winnie Mandela, left, in a 1986 file photo taken in Soweto, Johannesburg, with Coretta Scott King, the widow of slain American civil rights leader Dr Martin Luther King Jr. Photo / AP
Wellingtonians are invited to attend a memorial service next week for anti-apartheid campaigner and Nelson Mandela's ex wife, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela.
Madikizela-Mandela died Monday in a Johannesburg hospital at the age of 81 after a long illness, her family announced.
READ MORE: Winnie Madikizela-Mandela: A life of struggle
S Africa to give state burial to Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
The South African High Commissioner in Wellington, Vuyiswa Tulelo, said Madikizela-Mandela's death on Monday was a sad day for South Africans and all those who stood against apartheid.
"We invite Wellingtonians to join us in honouring the everlasting contribution of Mama Winnie to the struggle through sacrifice and her unyielding determination," Tulelo said.
"We know many New Zealanders were involved in the anti-apartheid movement, protesting against the Springbok Tour of New Zealand in 1981 and they may be interested in celebrating the life of Mama Winnie."
Madikizela-Mandela was commonly known in South Africa as the Mother of the Nation. Her dedication to the plight of her people gained her love and the respect of the nation.
She was a South African anti-apartheid activist and politician and served as a member of Parliament from 1994 until her death.
She previously served as the Deputy Minister of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology. She was also the President of the African National Congress Women's League.
A memorial service to commemorate her death will be held on Wednesday at 6pm at St Peter's Anglican Church, Wellington.
A condolence book will be open for signing at the South African High Commission from 2-4pm until Friday next week.


Bosh said during the playoffs that he wants to stay with the Heat long-term.
Meanwhile, Wade said his knees — which caused him discomfort during the playoffs — have improved considerably but are not 100 percent.
"They're feeling a lot, lot better," he said. "I'm not at great yet. Now I have to work at the strengthening part of it.
Last month, Wade underwent a treatment procedure, OssaTron, that he hadn't used since 2007.
The treatment is a non-surgical, high-energy shockwave system that can relieve tendinitis.
Wade said the offseason has been "great. Winning a championship makes it a lot easier. But it's been a short one. You get back to the point now where you have to start getting back into the mode of getting ready for the season.
Wade was pleased with the Heat's addition of center Greg Oden.
"I think it's great," Wade said. "Greg has done a good job of trying to get his body back. He's 25. He wants to play the game at a high level like we know he's capable of. He's been snake-bitten a little bit. He's done a good job of taking time off and trying to get healthy.
Heat coach Erik Spoelstra, Indiana coach Tom Crean (Wade's friend and former coach at Marquette) and Hall of Famer Rick Barry are among those working at Wade's camp this weekend.


With the help of county churches, community organizations, and supportive individuals, we are able to provide financial assistance to individuals and/or families who are in crisis.
This program is not meant to provide repeated financial support, but solely for crisis situations ONLY. It is our hope that the individuals/families that we are able to help, will become productive citizens in their own communities and help others, should the need arise.
A database of those who have been assisted is kept up to date, so that there is no confusion as to whether or not an individual/family is eligible for assistance.
For the month of September 2018, 73 families were helped through the Helping Hands Ministry. There were 17 new families this month along with 2 Veterans.
The Food Pantry has been in operation since 1990 and has assisted thousands of families who have experienced job loss, employment hours decreased, unemployment benefits ceased, and many other types of crisis.
The Food Pantry is funded by local donations and also through deliveries from the Tri-State Food Bank.
The Food Pantry provides food to individuals and families once every thirty (30) days.
For the month of September 2018, 557 households have been served by the Food Pantry representing a total of 1,607 individuals.
4 C's Ministry is an umbrella agency compiled of three distinctly separate parts, which work hand in hand to meet the needs of the people in our area. Thus, the creation of Christian Community Compassion Center.
The Homeless Shelter is currently five sleeping rooms, a commons area, two full baths, laundry, and kitchen/dining facilities. These rooms are provided for those in need due to a house fire, those waiting for public housing, people suffering from job and/or housing loss, and families in crisis. Individuals may be housed from one day up to thirty days.
The Shelter provides rooms for individuals who meet the criteria and there is a signed contract agreement between the 4 C's and the individual/family that is being serve.
The shelter is operated by donations from local churches, social organizations and individuals.
For the month of September 2018, the Homeless Shelter has housed two (2) people.


There's a lot of debate about whether strong leadership from the top or powerful grass roots initiatives from the bottom are what are needed to move our cities forward. I happen to think there are examples on both sides.
Clearly, a strong leader with a vision and a range of skills needed to get things done can really be a catalyst for transformation. On the other hand, much neighborhood revitalization has come from bottoms up activities of people who more or less acted independently of the government or civic leadership.
But while either model can succeed, the best situation by far is to be able to combine strong grass roots with strong top level leadership. When it works, it's magic. And too often when one element is missing, it vitiates the good work of the other.
Consider the large and high quality change in transportation and public space design that's happened in New York. New York came out of nowhere to basically displace Portland as the poster child for transportation innovation in America. Who gets the credit? Well, you have to give big credit to Mayor Bloomberg and DOT Commissioner Janette Sadik-Khan. That's a powerful combo that has a vision of what they want to accomplish and the ability to get it done.
But I don't think it is any accident that New York is also home to Streetsblog/Streetfilms, America's premier livable streets advocacy organization. So you've got to give Aaron Naparstek and Clarence Eckerson some credit for this too, along with other activist groups and leaders. (The Street* empire is funded by a hedge fund millionaire, but in New York, that's still grass roots!). They played a huge role in educating the public, building public demand, and keeping the pressure on the city for better. On another front, it was also a grass roots initiative, combined with active city buy-in, that led to the creation of the stupendous High Line.
Now, these two sides don't always agree. Streetsblog and Streetfilms are about strident activism for better street and public space design in New York. They are not afraid to get in the face of city agencies when they feel it is necessary. Similarly, the city deals in a constrained world, not a utopia, and has to make compromises and balance other objectives at times. The two don't always see eye to eye.
The advocacy community has been instrumental in getting us where we are today. There's absolutely no question that groups like Transportation Alternatives, folks like Clarence at Streetsblog and Streetfilms, all those kinds of people worked hard at the hard business of change, day in, day out. That's the hard work. And that really set the table for people having a different view and having a different conversation.
Contrast NYC with Chicago, arguably America's greatest top-down success story. With rare exceptions like Millennium Park, New York is far better than Chicago in terms of innovation and quality of design in streets and public space. Chicago has strong leadership, but no effective, independent grass roots or bottoms up advocacy – certainly none that is willing to stick its neck out and challenge the city. As good as Mayor Daley might be, he can't have all the ideas himself. As a result, quality has suffered – the city's streetscape designs are epically banal, for example – and Chicago has basically embraced the role of fast follower, such as by hiring the same firm that designed the High Line to create a local copy called the Bloomingdale Trail.
And many cities alas don't have a strong, good leader. Getting one seems to be a crap shoot. That's why if you have to dispense with one or the other, you're probably better off having strong grass roots change. In a large city, your odds of having motivated citizens who'll get out and make something happen are a lot higher than that you'll elect the next Mayor Daley. And when hopefully good leadership does come along, they'll have something in place to work with.
Aaron M. Renn is an urban affairs analyst based in Chicago and author of The Urbanophile, where this article originally appeared.


In a time of tightened belts and mayoral candidates trying to out-parsimony one another, it's kind of surprising to see the city sign up for another huge expenditure, but Giorgio Mammoliti (whose antics we kind of miss) really wants Toronto to have a panda. He and the Toronto Zoo's special panda acquisition team are heading out to the wilds of China to get the city its own Ling-Ling. We're holding out hope that Mammoliti will personally wrestle the panda to the ground before earning its love with delicious bamboo treats, but the reality will probably be less exciting.
The project gained momentum late last year when Prime Minister Stephen Harper threw Ottawa's formal support behind a proposal to bring the creatures to the Toronto Zoo, the Calgary Zoo and the Granby Zoo, in Quebec.
A staff report to the zoo board said the Chinese are eager to begin in-person negotiations in October, when Canada and China celebrate the 40th anniversary of formal relations.
The trip is tentatively booked for Oct. 12 to Oct. 14, less than two weeks before the election.
In order to save the city some cash, Mammoliti is paying for his share of the trip out of pocket. If the plan succeeds and Toronto does get a panda, the cost is going to be substantial. The zoo will have to shell out to build appropriate accommodation for our furry guest, and then there are the panda rental fees (yes, panda rental fees), which can be higher than $1 million a year. All this to get one of nature's cutest creatures, which we'll then have to share with Calgary and Granby.
Sure, there's all this work the city needs to do on subways and whatnot, but if people want more transit spending, they need cute animals. Like Catbus.
This is one of the best written articles of all time. I laughed, I cried.
If the Panda will earn its keep and get that many more people out to the zoo, all the power to ya! But if this doesn't translate into cash, what's the motivation?
I would love Toronto to shell out for a fleet of Catbuses. The seats on the TTC aren't heated or furry enough. Plus I don't think there's a direct route that would transport myself and my engraved corn stalk to the tree outside my my mother's hospital room.


text:
set -euo pipefail

rm -f certificates/*.srl certificates/*.csr certificates/*.pem

export KEYMASTER="docker run --rm -v $(pwd)/certificates/:/certificates/ cloudpipe/keymaster"

${KEYMASTER} ca
${KEYMASTER} signed-keypair -n beacon -h 127.0.0.1 -s IP:127.0.0.1 -p server
${KEYMASTER} signed-keypair -n beacon-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -s IP:127.0.0.1 -p client


text:
Media Release: Migrant Rights Organizers Insist on Immediate Repeal of Discriminatory Law After Federal Parliamentary Recommendation
Toronto — Caregiver and migrant rights organizations are calling on Federal Immigration Minister Ahmed Hussen to immediately repeal Section 38(1)(c) of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act following a report by the Parliamentary Citizenship and Immigration Committee's report which called for the repeal. The report also proposed interim measures, but migrant rights organizations insist that interim measures would uphold a fundamentally discriminatory system. More than a thousand people and organizations have signed an Open Letter in support of these demands.
"Denying permanent residency to entire families was never fair or just, thousands of people have suffered under this law already and hundreds of families are waiting to be reunited, there is no time for delay, it is time to repeal Section 38(1)(c)" says Anna Malla of the Caregivers Action Centre. "Caregivers and Disabled people cannot wait for interim measures, the Liberal government must do the right thing, end medical inadmissibility immediately as an interim step to permanent status on arrival."
The Parliamentary Committee's report titled, Building an Inclusive Canada: Bringing the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act in Step with Modern Values was released following consultations in November. Migrant rights and disability justice groups insist that Disablism was never acceptable, and ending discriminatory laws is not a 'modern value'.
Section 38(1)(c) reads, "A foreign national is inadmissible on health grounds if their health condition is expected to cause excessive demand on health or social services," in effect denying an entire family permanent status if any member of the family is sick or disabled. This discriminatory system has been in place since 2002, and an average of 1,000 people, and their families are rejected each year.
https://migrantrights.ca/en/613-2/


T1: Too high of a proportion of your accounts have not been paid on time in recent months.
You have had too many accounts with payments that are at least 30 days late and/or on which a lender has reported a derogatory status. Late payments are a proven indicator of increased risk. People with late payments are at risk of being overextended, putting existing credit with lenders at risk.


This category is devoted to websites about European self catering holidays specialists with apartments to rent, cabins, villas and accommodation by owners or agents.
Brighton Holiday Homes - Brighton Holiday Homes offer quality self catering holiday apartments in Brighton.
Derbyshire Country Cottages - Provides cottages and holiday cottages in Derbyshire.
Embrace Scotland - Offers a wide range of Scottish holiday cottages and self catering accommodation.
Independent Cottages - A directory of independently owned self-catering holiday accommodation in the UK.
Komarna Village - Offers villas and apartments for holidays and vacations with sighseeing, swimming and relaxation near Dubrovnik and Medjugorje.
Northumbrian Cottages - Northumbrian Cottages offer cottages in Northumberland for your self catering holiday in Northumbria.
Piperdam - A Scottish golf, fishing, leisure facilities, luxury 4 star self-catering lodges, and fine restaurant.
Stay Birmingham Apartment - Specialised in letting reasonably priced self-catering apartments.
The Crimea - Provides holiday opportunities in villages, farms and guest houses throughout Crimea.


How to apply license to the devices?
Once you have purchased your license(s), you can begin licensing your devices.
On your dashboard, click on the Manage Licenses on the left sidebar.
You will see the licenses you have purchased. Click on MANAGE, as shown in the following image.
Now, you will see complete details of the plan, with licensed devices (if any) to the right.
You have successfully applied the license to the devices. Repeat the same process to license other devices.
Tap on Verify License Key.
Here you must enable the Allow Usage Access, Enable App Notification, KNOX for Samsung devices, Activate Device Admin and tap on Complete Setup.
Once all the steps are done, you will be asked to select between multiple apps or a single app. Select this option as per your preferred choice.
You have successfully licensed and setup Scalefusion on your device!
How to remove devices from expired licenses and add new devices to existing licenses?
On the dashboard, click on the Manage Licenses tab on the left sidebar.
Now, you will see the list of licenses you have purchased.
Click on the Manage option next to the expired license that you want to choose.
On your right, you will find the list of devices the current license holds. Select a device that you want to remove from the expired license and click on the Remove License option given on the top.


text:
Cluver Farms slash costs with precision application
Higher input costs such as labour and agrichemicals have been the dominant feature of South Africa's agricultural sector over the past year, increasing at an unprecedented rate with little sign of slowing down.
These input cost pressures have taken the farming industry to a tipping point. There are many factors contributing to the problem; supply constraints in critical fertiliser-producing countries, rising shipping costs, increases in oil and gas prices, higher global demand for agrichemicals and the scarcity of available labour. The situation has worsened dramatically as result of Russia's conflict with Ukraine
South Africa imports 70-80% of fertiliser used in agriculture, as a result, the lack of international availability and the cost increases are having a direct negative impact on the producer's bottom line. As International prices have hit record high, the contribution of fertiliser towards production costs is now between 30% and 50%, resulting in a significant impact to profitability and sustainability.
Despite the costs, fertiliser application is essential. Nitrogen, for example, has a major effect on yield and quality and is an essential nutrient that helps promote new shoot growth, flower bloom, and fruit development. To ensure a consistent, quality crop with a high yield, it simply has to be used.
A further challenge faced by Cluver farms is the variability in tree size and foliage. With the variance being so extreme across the orchard, the current practise of spraying or fertilising the block as a whole only increases variability. Being able to precisely dose trees that require growth and ignoring those that do not, allows the orchard to grow uniformly, making yield much more predictable.
Karin Cluver, of Cluver Farms adds: "Using precision agricultural techniques, precision fertiliser application, and, or foliar sprays,will allow us to manage the spatial and temporal variability, optimising production and increasing revenue."
In response to the rising costs and risk to profitability, Karin knew she needed to take action to ensure they were efficiently using both chemicals and labour resources, thus a project was formed to test precision dosing of agrichemicals. The project team consisted of Karin and Jacques from Cluver Farm, Outfield Operations engineer Dylan Henstock, Agrimotion Consultant Mico Stander and James Reid from Red Ant Spray systems.
Karin used Outfield's proprietary platform to create custom drone flight plans allowing her to capture data across the orchard in under 30 minutes. Outfield processed the data as it was uploaded and returned fruit loading and tree size maps, pinpointing both where the fruit was loaded across the orchard and the size of the trees. These maps were then provided to Agrimotion who, adding satellite data, were then able to make recommendations on agrichemical input and create compatible files to be used in the Red Ant variable rate Sprayer.
In a matter of days, the team headed out to one of Cluver's Pink Lady orchards to see the system in action. Jacques, the farm manager had prepared the sprayer and tractor prior to arrival and once there, the only job left to do was load the precision map and the driver was off.
The maps were interpreted perfectly, the sprayer switched on and off when required with a high level of accuracy.
In previous years, due to the difficulty and time consuming nature of collecting data to cover the block, the entire orchard would be sprayed; a costly task in terms of labour, chemicals and fuel. This year, using the insight from Outfields Maps, Agrimotions recommendations and the Red Ant machine, Cluver Farms have saved 52% on fuel costs, 51% on labour costs, and 53% on the cost of agrichemicals.
In addition to significant cost savings, this greater level of insight into the entire block has enabled Jacques and Karin to have a greater understanding of variability across their orchard, share the data with confidence amongst staff members and make management decisions accordingly.
Half the time. Half the cost. The whole picture.
hello@outfield.xyz
© 2022, Outfield Technologies Ltd | Company no 10418315 | All rights reserved |


text:
Product Manager, Replenishment
at Recharge Payments (View all jobs)
As a Product Manager, Replenishment, you will help define the future product vision, and bring the existing roadmap to life. Working closely with our company leadership and cross functional teams, you'll own the product from end to end, including high level conception, discovery & design, execution, delivery, go to market, enablement, and ongoing support.
Live by and champion our values: #day-one, #ownership, #empathy, #humility.
Vision, conception, and synthesis
Work with the leadership team to take high level objectives and synthesize solutions that will accelerate reaching these objectives.
Craft OKRs and lead the project to accountability.
Product discovery and design
Understand and articulate customer needs through direct customer conversations, product analytics and market research.
Define, design and validate compelling user experiences.
Product definition and delivery
Clearly articulate detailed technical requirements through PRDs, user flows, wireframes, logic diagrams, etc.
Maintain a prioritized backlog of product features and requirements that is optimized for impact to ensure that we're always delivering the most value in the shortest amount of time.
Work closely with Recharge's top-notch development team to ensure that solutions are delivered in a timely and cost-effective manner.
Product Go-to-market, enablement, and ongoing support
Be the first point of contact for your product line.
Support Product Marketing, Customer Support, Account Management and Sales teams to ensure that our solutions are well understood and documented, and that we are articulating their value in clear and compelling ways.
Work closely with customer teams to identify additional opportunities for enhancement over the full lifespan of our products and features.
Collaborate with data teams to define and track success metrics for our products and features.
What you'll bring
Typically, 5+ years of product management experience in a fast paced technology driven company (preferably SaaS)
3+ years experience working directly with software engineering teams to build products.
Near code level technical proficiency with modern APIs.
An entrepreneurial spirit and excited to work on complex problems at scale.
Motivated by finding ways to use process to produce results (not as an end unto itself).
Ability to work autonomously with a balanced team approach, you don't need to wait for directions, but know when buy-in is critical.
Ability to work remotely and desire to make an impact in a highly visible role.
Bachelor's degree or equivalent experience.
Working knowledge of SQL, REST APIs, advanced excel, and Product Management tools such as Jira, Asana or Pivotal Tracker
Bonus skills
Experience in SMS, email marketing tools, omni-channel communications, digital payments or ecommerce
Since 2014, Recharge has helped over 15,000 merchants launch and scale their subscription business. Be it a curated monthly box, recurring necessities or access to exclusive perks, Recharge powers billions of dollars in annual processing for more than 50 million subscribers. Our remote-first team of 500+ is building the future of subscription commerce. Come join us on our mission to connect and empower the world through payments.
Recharge | Instagram | Twitter | Facebook
Recharge Payments is an equal opportunity employer. In addition to EEO being the law, it is a policy that is fully consistent with our principles. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to status as a protected veteran or a qualified individual with a disability, or other protected status such as race, religion, color, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, genetic information, pregnancy or age. Recharge Payments prohibits any form of workplace harassment.
What makes you an ideal fit for this opportunity? *
Are you authorized to work and accept new employment in the United States or Canada? *
Do you now, or will you in the future, need sponsorship from an employer in order to obtain, extend or renew your authorization to work in the United States or Canada? *
As set forth in Recharge Payments's Equal Employment Opportunity policy, we do not discriminate on the basis of any protected group status under any applicable law.


text:
By admin Exclusive Interviews March 10, 2015
Exclusive: Raekwon Talks 'Wall To Wall', Producers On 'F.I.L.A.' & More
Raekwon The Chef is an iconic member of the hip-hop community. Aside from being one of the driving forces of the Wu-Tang Clan, arguably the most influential group in the history of hip-hop, the Chef has had quite the solo career dating back to the early 90s. A true pioneer of the game, Raekwon has no plans of slowing down.
After giving us five memorable albums and some undeniable classic records over the years, Raekwon is set to drop his 6th solo studio album Fly International Luxurious Art on April 28th and the anticipation is high. "I know pretty much everyone knows what I'm capable of doing and now I think people just want to make sure they can see the growth…I'm excited, man. I truly believe we have another classic on our hands," Rae tells us in our exclusive interview with the OG.
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The Chef recently dropped a record titled 'Wall To Wall' featuring French Montana and Busta Rhymes, calling it "a dope underground record that had an anthem feel to it." While it's not considered a single from the album, fans can expect to hear the New York-inspired track on F.I.L.A. on April 28th. Rae also said he has a few surprises in terms of features and producers, but wants to keep it that way until the album drops. He did reveal, however, that he has songs with producers S1 and Scoop DeVille on the album, whom he considers very talented.
For the rest of our sit down, Raekwon reminisced on his successful #TBT series that he ran towards the end of 2014, his take on today's industry and how he feels about the current realm of artists, whether or not he listens to other artists; more information surrounding Fly International Luxurious Art and what we can expect from his label IceH2O Records in the near future.
Click below to read our exclusive interview with Raekwon (we earlier interviewed him in December 2012 which you can read here) and pre-order Fly International Luxurious Art here.
You recently dropped a very New York-inspired track called "Wall To Wall" featuring Busta Rhymes and French Montana. How did that record come together?
That was a dope underground record that I felt like had an anthem feel to it. I contacted Montana and Busta Rhymes because those are good friends of mine as well and I just wanted to see if it was something up their alley that they would like. We felt like we hit it right on the head with French Montana. So first we sent it to him and got his opinion on it or whatever and he was like, "yo it's a dope fit." I kind of study dude's sounds and what they project as an artist and what they want their image to be, so for this record, it was me just knowing what fits these guys.
I know you said this wasn't the official single for Fly International Luxurious Art, but we can expect it on the album?
Absolutely. That's one of the heaters. With this album, I didn't want to single out any songs that could possibly be singles or whatever because you never know what can happen. The race of dropping music is so hot these days that you just gotta keep up. If the fans decide that this is an anthem record, which we believe it is, then it'll grow and do what it's supposed to do.
We can still expect FILA to drop on April 28th?
Yup, we have an official release date of April 28th. It's a lot more that came with this project that people are gonna be excited about. I got opportunities to work with some of the most illest rap cats that I could see today doing their thing and I just wanted to embrace that and have this album be more of a lifestyle album. I know pretty much everyone knows what I'm capable of doing and now I think people just want to make sure they can see the growth and still see the signature Chef flow and production that Rae brings to the table. I'm excited, man. I truly believe we have another classic on our hands.
You started to mention some of the people you worked with for the album. Can you give us any names?
Um, you know I really wanna keep that on the low and surprise people because to me that's the importance of making a great body of work. Want people to be blown away, but I could give you a name or two. I got production from S1, who's an internationally known producer and has worked with a lot of cats. I got an opportunity to work with a good friend of mine Scoop DeVille and you know, he did something on the album that was incredible and a slew of other gangsters that take their craft serious and really wanted me to win because they felt challenged by the artists that they were dealing with at the time. I feel like everybody came to the table, did their driving test and passed with flying colors, you know? But yeah, I just wanna keep some shit on the low?
To close out the latter half of 2014, you did a unique #TBT series where you would remix an old song, hip-hop or not, and drop it every Thursday. What inspired you to do that?
It was a good strategy to kind of keep my name out there and do something different that OG rappers like myself would love to do, but never got the opportunity to do. I always tell the fans that I'm R&B as well as hip-hop and there was a lot of that R&B going on in my career when I was coming up in the game and some of those [#TBT] records were classic and I always wanted to touch em. So I wanted to do a series where it wasn't actually a mixtape, but more like 'Rae's just keeping something out there on the regular for us to enjoy,' you know? The Soundclouds were going crazy and there was a lot of comments of people requesting us to do more of them and it kinda blew my wig [laughs]. Like I know y'all are gonna enjoy the salmon for dinner, but you like them chicken fingers too huh? Oh ok, I got it. Them shits was scrumptious I guess [laughs].
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