Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code provides (generally) for reorganization, usually involving a corporation or partnership. A chapter 11 debtor usually proposes a plan of reorganization to keep its business alive and pay creditors over time. People in business or individuals can also seek relief in chapter 11.) A case filed under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code is frequently referred to as a "reorganization" bankruptcy.
An individual cannot file under chapter 11 or any other chapter if, during the preceding 180 days, a prior bankruptcy petition was dismissed due to the debtor's willful failure to appear before the court or comply with orders of the court, or was voluntarily dismissed after creditors sought relief from the bankruptcy court to recover property upon which they hold liens. 11 U.S.C. 109(g), 362(d)-(e). In addition, no individual may be a debtor under chapter 11 or any chapter of the Bankruptcy Code unless he or she has, within 180 days before filing, received credit counseling from an approved credit counseling agency either in an individual or group briefing. 11 U.S.C. 109, 111. There are exceptions in emergency situations or where the U.S. trustee (or bankruptcy administrator) has determined that there are insufficient approved agencies to provide the required counseling. If a debt management plan is developed during required credit counseling, it must be filed with the court.
The courts are required to charge a $1,000 case filing fee and a $39 miscellaneous administrative fee. The fees must be paid to the clerk of the court upon filing or may, with the court's permission, be paid by individual debtors in installments. 28 U.S.C. 1930(a); Fed. R. Bankr. P. 1006(b); Bankruptcy Court Miscellaneous Fee Schedule, Item 8. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 1006(b) limits to four the number of installments for the filing fee. The final installment must be paid not later than 120 days after filing the petition. For cause shown, the court may extend the time of any installment, provided that the last installment is paid not later than 180 days after the filing of the petition. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 1006(b). The $39 administrative fee may be paid in installments in the same manner as the filing fee. If a joint petition is filed, only one filing fee and one administrative fee are charged. Debtors should be aware that failure to pay these fees may result in dismissal of the case. 11 U.S.C. 1112(b)(10).
The voluntary petition will include standard information concerning the debtor's name(s), social security number or tax identification number, residence, location of principal assets (if a business), the debtor's plan or intention to file a plan, and a request for relief under the appropriate chapter of the Bankruptcy Code. Upon filing a voluntary petition for relief under chapter 11 or, in an involuntary case, the entry of an order for relief, the debtor automatically assumes an additional identity as the "debtor in possession." 11 U.S.C. 1101. The term refers to a debtor that keeps possession and control of its assets while undergoing a reorganization under chapter 11, without the appointment of a case trustee. A debtor will remain a debtor in possession until the debtor's plan of reorganization is confirmed, the debtor's case is dismissed or converted to chapter 7, or a chapter 11 trustee is appointed. The appointment or election of a trustee occurs only in a small number of cases. Generally, the debtor, as "debtor in possession," operates the business and performs many of the functions that a trustee performs in cases under other chapters. 11 U.S.C. 1107(a).
Generally, a written disclosure statement and a plan of reorganization must be filed with the court. 11 U.S.C. 1121, 1125. The disclosure statement is a document that must contain information concerning the assets, liabilities, and business affairs of the debtor sufficient to enable a creditor to make an informed judgment about the debtor's plan of reorganization. 11 U.S.C. 1125. The information required is governed by judicial discretion and the circumstances of the case. In a "small business case" (discussed below) the debtor may not need to file a separate disclosure statement if the court determines that adequate information is contained in the plan. 11 U.S.C. 1125(f). The contents of the plan must include a classification of claims and must specify how each class of claims will be treated under the plan. 11 U.S.C. 1123. Creditors whose claims are "impaired," i.e., those whose contractual rights are to be modified or who will be paid less than the full value of their claims under the plan, vote on the plan by ballot. 11 U.S.C. 1126. After the disclosure statement is approved by the court and the ballots are collected and tallied, the court will conduct a confirmation hearing to determine whether to confirm the plan. 11 U.S.C. 1128.
In the case of individuals, chapter 11 bears some similarities to chapter 13. For example, property of the estate for an individual debtor includes the debtor's earnings and property acquired by the debtor after filing until the case is closed, dismissed or converted; funding of the plan may be from the debtor's future earnings; and the plan cannot be confirmed over a creditor's objection without committing all of the debtor's disposable income over five years unless the plan pays the claim in full, with interest, over a shorter period of time. 11 U.S.C. 1115, 1123(a)(8), 1129(a)(15).
The Chapter 11 Debtor in Possession.
Section 1107 of the Bankruptcy Code places the debtor in possession in the position of a fiduciary, with the rights and powers of a chapter 11 trustee, and it requires the debtor to perform of all but the investigative functions and duties of a trustee. These duties, set forth in the Bankruptcy Code and Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure, include accounting for property, examining and objecting to claims, and filing informational reports as required by the court and the U.S. trustee or bankruptcy administrator (discussed below), such as monthly operating reports. 11 U.S.C. 1106, 1107; Fed. R. Bankr. P. 2015(a). The debtor in possession also has many of the other powers and duties of a trustee, including the right, with the court's approval, to employ attorneys, accountants, appraisers, auctioneers, or other professional persons to assist the debtor during its bankruptcy case. Other responsibilities include filing tax returns and reports which are either necessary or ordered by the court after confirmation, such as a final accounting. The U.S. trustee is responsible for monitoring the compliance of the debtor in possession with the reporting requirements.
Railroad reorganizations have specific requirements under subsection IV of chapter 11, which will not be addressed here. In addition, stock and commodity brokers are prohibited from filing under chapter 11 and are restricted to chapter 7. 11 U.S.C. 109(d).
The U.S. trustee or bankruptcy administrator.
The U.S. trustee plays a major role in monitoring the progress of a chapter 11 case and supervising its administration. The U.S. trustee is responsible for monitoring the debtor in possession's operation of the business and the submission of operating reports and fees. Additionally, the U.S. trustee monitors applications for compensation and reimbursement by professionals, plans and disclosure statements filed with the court, and creditors' committees. The U.S. trustee conducts a meeting of the creditors, often referred to as the "section 341 meeting," in a chapter 11 case. 11 U.S.C. 341. The U.S. trustee and creditors may question the debtor under oath at the section 341 meeting concerning the debtor's acts, conduct, property, and the administration of the case.
The U.S. trustee also imposes certain requirements on the debtor in possession concerning matters such as reporting its monthly income and operating expenses, establishing new bank accounts, and paying current employee withholding and other taxes. By law, the debtor in possession must pay a quarterly fee to the U.S. trustee for each quarter of a year until the case is converted or dismissed. 28 U.S.C. 1930(a)(6). The amount of the fee, which may range from $250 to $10,000, depends on the amount of the debtor's disbursements during each quarter. Should a debtor in possession fail to comply with the reporting requirements of the U.S. trustee or orders of the bankruptcy court, or fail to take the appropriate steps to bring the case to confirmation, the U.S. trustee may file a motion with the court to have the debtor's chapter 11 case converted to another chapter of the Bankruptcy Code or to have the case dismissed.
Creditors' committees can play a major role in chapter 11 cases. The committee is appointed by the U.S. trustee and ordinarily consists of unsecured creditors who hold the seven largest unsecured claims against the debtor. 11 U.S.C. 1102. Among other things, the committee: consults with the debtor in possession on administration of the case; investigates the debtor's conduct and operation of the business; and participates in formulating a plan. 11 U.S.C. 1103. A creditors' committee may, with the court's approval, hire an attorney or other professionals to assist in the performance of the committee's duties. A creditors' committee can be an important safeguard to the proper management of the business by the debtor in possession.
The Small Business Case and the Small Business Debtor.
In some smaller cases the U.S. trustee may be unable to find creditors willing to serve on a creditors' committee, or the committee may not be actively involved in the case. The Bankruptcy Code addresses this issue by treating a "small business case" somewhat differently than a regular bankruptcy case. A small business case is defined as a case with a "small business debtor." 11 U.S.C. 101(51C). Determination of whether a debtor is a "small business debtor" requires application of a two-part test. First, the debtor must be engaged in commercial or business activities (other than primarily owning or operating real property) with total non-contingent liquidated secured and unsecured debts of $2,190,000 or less. Second, the debtor's case must be one in which the U.S. trustee has not appointed a creditors' committee, or the court has determined the creditors' committee is insufficiently active and representative to provide oversight of the debtor. 11 U.S.C. 101(51D).
In a small business case, the debtor in possession must, among other things, attach the most recently prepared balance sheet, statement of operations, cash-flow statement and most recently filed tax return to the petition or provide a statement under oath explaining the absence of such documents and must attend court and the U.S. trustee meeting through senior management personnel and counsel. The small business debtor must make ongoing filings with the court concerning its profitability and projected cash receipts and disbursements, and must report whether it is in compliance with the Bankruptcy Code and the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure and whether it has paid its taxes and filed its tax returns. 11 U.S.C. 308, 1116.
In contrast to other chapter 11 debtors, the small business debtor is subject to additional oversight by the U.S. trustee. Early in the case, the small business debtor must attend an "initial interview" with the U.S. trustee at which time the U.S. trustee will evaluate the debtor's viability, inquire about the debtor's business plan, and explain certain debtor obligations including the debtor's responsibility to file various reports. 28 U.S.C. 586(a)(7). The U.S. trustee will also monitor the activities of the small business debtor during the case to identify as promptly as possible whether the debtor will be unable to confirm a plan.
Because certain filing deadlines are different and extensions are more difficult to obtain, a case designated as a small business case normally proceeds more quickly than other chapter 11 cases. For example, only the debtor may file a plan during the first 180 days of a small business case. 11 U.S.C. 1121(e). This "exclusivity period" may be extended by the court, but only to 300 days, and only if the debtor demonstrates by a preponderance of the evidence that the court will confirm a plan within a reasonable period of time. When the case is not a small business case, however, the court may extend the exclusivity period "for cause" up to 18 months.
The Single Asset Real Estate Debtor.
Single asset real estate debtors are subject to special provisions of the Bankruptcy Code. The term "single asset real estate" is defined as "a single property or project, other than residential real property with fewer than four residential units, which generates substantially all of the gross income of a debtor who is not a family farmer and on which no substantial business is being conducted by a debtor other than the business of operating the real property and activities incidental." 11 U.S.C. 101(51B). The Bankruptcy Code provides circumstances under which creditors of a single asset real estate debtor may obtain relief from the automatic stay which are not available to creditors in ordinary bankruptcy cases. 11 U.S.C. 362(d). On request of a creditor with a claim secured by the single asset real estate and after notice and a hearing, the court will grant relief from the automatic stay to the creditor unless the debtor files a feasible plan of reorganization or begins making interest payments to the creditor within 90 days from the date of the filing of the case, or within 30 days of the court's determination that the case is a single asset real estate case. The interest payments must be equal to the non-default contract interest rate on the value of the creditor's interest in the real estate. 11 U.S.C. 362(d)(3).
Appointment or Election of a Case Trustee.
Although the appointment of a case trustee is a rarity in a chapter 11 case, a party in interest or the U.S. trustee can request the appointment of a case trustee or examiner at any time prior to confirmation in a chapter 11 case. The court, on motion by a party in interest or the U.S. trustee and after notice and hearing, shall order the appointment of a case trustee for cause, including fraud, dishonesty, incompetence, or gross mismanagement, or if such an appointment is in the interest of creditors, any equity security holders, and other interests of the estate. 11 U.S.C. 1104(a). Moreover, the U.S. trustee is required to move for appointment of a trustee if there are reasonable grounds to believe that any of the parties in control of the debtor "participated in actual fraud, dishonesty or criminal conduct in the management of the debtor or the debtor's financial reporting." 11 U.S.C. 1104(e). The trustee is appointed by the U.S. trustee, after consultation with parties in interest and subject to the court's approval. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 2007.1. Alternatively, a trustee in a case may be elected if a party in interest requests the election of a trustee within 30 days after the court orders the appointment of a trustee. In that instance, the U.S. trustee convenes a meeting of creditors for the purpose of electing a person to serve as trustee in the case. 11 U.S.C. 1104(b).
The case trustee is responsible for management of the property of the estate, operation of the debtor's business, and, if appropriate, the filing of a plan of reorganization. Section 1106 of the Bankruptcy Code requires the trustee to file a plan "as soon as practicable" or, alternatively, to file a report explaining why a plan will not be filed or to recommend that the case be converted to another chapter or dismissed. 11 U.S.C. 1106(a)(5).
Upon the request of a party in interest or the U.S. trustee, the court may terminate the trustee's appointment and restore the debtor in possession to management of bankruptcy estate at any time before confirmation.11 U.S.C. 1105.
The Role of an Examiner.
The appointment of an examiner in a chapter 11 case is rare. The role of an examiner is generally more limited than that of a trustee. The examiner is authorized to perform the investigatory functions of the trustee and is required to file a statement of any investigation conducted. If ordered to do so by the court, however, an examiner may carry out any other duties of a trustee that the court orders the debtor in possession not to perform. 11 U.S.C. 1106. Each court has the authority to determine the duties of an examiner in each particular case. In some cases, the examiner may file a plan of reorganization, negotiate or help the parties negotiate, or review the debtor's schedules to determine whether some of the claims are improperly categorized. Sometimes, the examiner may be directed to determine if objections to any proofs of claim should be filed or whether causes of action have sufficient merit so that further legal action should be taken. The examiner may not subsequently serve as a trustee in the case. 11 U.S.C. 321.
The automatic stay provides a period of time in which all judgments, collection activities, foreclosures, and repossessions of property are suspended and may not be pursued by the creditors on any debt or claim that arose before the filing of the bankruptcy petition. As with cases under other chapters of the Bankruptcy Code, a stay of creditor actions against the chapter 11 debtor automatically goes into effect when the bankruptcy petition is filed. 11 U.S.C. 362(a). The filing of a petition, however, does not operate as a stay for certain types of actions listed under 11 U.S.C. 362(b). The stay provides a breathing spell for the debtor, during which negotiations can take place to try to resolve the difficulties in the debtor's financial situation.
Under specific circumstances, the secured creditor can obtain an order from the court granting relief from the automatic stay. For example, when the debtor has no equity in the property and the property is not necessary for an effective reorganization, the secured creditor can seek an order of the court lifting the stay to permit the creditor to foreclose on the property, sell it, and apply the proceeds to the debt. 11 U.S.C. 362(d).
Who Can File a Plan.
The debtor (unless a "small business debtor") has a 120-day period during which it has an exclusive right to file a plan. 11 U.S.C. 1121(b). This exclusivity period may be extended or reduced by the court. But in no event may the exclusivity period, including all extensions, be longer than 18 months. 11 U.S.C. 1121(d). After the exclusivity period has expired, a creditor or the case trustee may file a competing plan. The U.S. trustee may not file a plan. 11 U.S.C. 307.
The debtor in possession or the trustee, as the case may be, has what are called "avoiding" powers. These powers may be used to undo a transfer of money or property made during a certain period of time before the filing of the bankruptcy petition. By avoiding a particular transfer of property, the debtor in possession can cancel the transaction and force the return or "disgorgement" of the payments or property, which then are available to pay all creditors. Generally, and subject to various defenses, the power to avoid transfers is effective against transfers made by the debtor within 90 days before filing the petition. But transfers to "insiders" (i.e., relatives, general partners, and directors or officers of the debtor) made up to a year before filing may be avoided. 11 U.S.C. 101(31), 101(54), 547, 548. In addition, under 11 U.S.C. 544, the trustee is authorized to avoid transfers under applicable state law, which often provides for longer time periods. Avoiding powers prevent unfair prepetition payments to one creditor at the expense of all other creditors.
Cash Collateral, Adequate Protection, and Operating Capital.
Although the preparation, confirmation, and implementation of a plan of reorganization is at the heart of a chapter 11 case, other issues may arise that must be addressed by the debtor in possession. The debtor in possession may use, sell, or lease property of the estate in the ordinary course of its business, without prior approval, unless the court orders otherwise. 11 U.S.C. 363(c). If the intended sale or use is outside the ordinary course of its business, the debtor must obtain permission from the court.
A debtor in possession may not use "cash collateral" without the consent of the secured party or authorization by the court, which must first examine whether the interest of the secured party is adequately protected. 11 U.S.C. 363. Section 363 defines "cash collateral" as cash, negotiable instruments, documents of title, securities, deposit accounts, or other cash equivalents, whenever acquired, in which the estate and an entity other than the estate have an interest. It includes the proceeds, products, offspring, rents, or profits of property and the fees, charges, accounts or payments for the use or occupancy of rooms and other public facilities in hotels, motels, or other lodging properties subject to a creditor's security interest.
When "cash collateral" is used (spent), the secured creditors are entitled to receive additional protection under section 363 of the Bankruptcy Code. The debtor in possession must file a motion requesting an order from the court authorizing the use of the cash collateral. Pending consent of the secured creditor or court authorization for the debtor in possession's use of cash collateral, the debtor in possession must segregate and account for all cash collateral in its possession. 11 U.S.C. 363(c)(4). A party with an interest in property being used by the debtor may request that the court prohibit or condition this use to the extent necessary to provide "adequate protection" to the creditor.
Adequate protection may be required to protect the value of the creditor's interest in the property being used by the debtor in possession. This is especially important when there is a decrease in value of the property. The debtor may make periodic or lump sum cash payments, or provide an additional or replacement lien that will result in the creditor's property interest being adequately protected. 11 U.S.C. 361.
Before confirmation of a plan, several activities may take place in a chapter 11 case. Continued operation of the debtor's business may lead to the filing of a number of contested motions. The most common are those seeking relief from the automatic stay, the use of cash collateral, or to obtain credit. There may also be litigation over executory (i.e., unfulfilled) contracts and unexpired leases and the assumption or rejection of those executory contracts and unexpired leases by the debtor in possession. 11 U.S.C. 365. Delays in formulating, filing, and obtaining confirmation of a plan often prompt creditors to file motions for relief from stay, to convert the case to chapter 7, or to dismiss the case altogether.
The Bankruptcy Code defines a claim as: (1) a right to payment; (2) or a right to an equitable remedy for a failure of performance if the breach gives rise to a right to payment. 11 U.S.C. 101(5). Generally, any creditor whose claim is not scheduled (i.e., listed by the debtor on the debtor's schedules) or is scheduled as disputed, contingent, or unliquidated must file a proof of claim (and attach evidence documenting the claim) in order to be treated as a creditor for purposes of voting on the plan and distribution under it. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 3003(c)(2). But filing a proof of claim is not necessary if the creditor's claim is scheduled (but is not listed as disputed, contingent, or unliquidated by the debtor) because the debtor's schedules are deemed to constitute evidence of the validity and amount of those claims. 11 U.S.C. 1111. If a scheduled creditor chooses to file a claim, a properly filed proof of claim supersedes any scheduling of that claim. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 3003(c)(4). It is the responsibility of the creditor to determine whether the claim is accurately listed on the debtor's schedules. The debtor must provide notification to those creditors whose names are added and whose claims are listed as a result of an amendment to the schedules. The notification also should advise such creditors of their right to file proofs of claim and that their failure to do so may prevent them from voting upon the debtor's plan of reorganization or participating in any distribution under that plan. When a debtor amends the schedule of liabilities to add a creditor or change the status of any claims to disputed, contingent, or unliquidated, the debtor must provide notice of the amendment to any entity affected. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 1009(a).
An equity security holder is a holder of an equity security of the debtor. Examples of an equity security are a share in a corporation, an interest of a limited partner in a limited partnership, or a right to purchase, sell, or subscribe to a share, security, or interest of a share in a corporation or an interest in a limited partnership. 11 U.S.C. 101(16), (17). An equity security holder may vote on the plan of reorganization and may file a proof of interest, rather than a proof of claim. A proof of interest is deemed filed for any interest that appears in the debtor's schedules, unless it is scheduled as disputed, contingent, or unliquidated. 11 U.S.C. 1111. An equity security holder whose interest is not scheduled or is scheduled as disputed, contingent, or unliquidated must file a proof of interest in order to be treated as a creditor for purposes of voting on the plan and distribution under it. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 3003(c)(2). A properly filed proof of interest supersedes any scheduling of that interest. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 3003(c)(4). Generally, most of the provisions that apply to proofs of claim, as discussed above, are also applicable to proofs of interest.
A debtor in a case under chapter 11 has a one-time absolute right to convert the chapter 11 case to a case under chapter 7 unless: (1) the debtor is not a debtor in possession; (2) the case originally was commenced as an involuntary case under chapter 11; or (3) the case was converted to a case under chapter 11 other than at the debtor's request. 11 U.S.C. 1112(a). A debtor in a chapter 11 case does not have an absolute right to have the case dismissed upon request.
A party in interest may file a motion to dismiss or convert a chapter 11 case to a chapter 7 case "for cause." Generally, if cause is established after notice and hearing, the court must convert or dismiss the case (whichever is in the best interests of creditors and the estate) unless it specifically finds that the requested conversion or dismissal is not in the best interest of creditors and the estate. 11 U.S.C. 1112(b). Alternatively, the court may decide that appointment of a chapter 11 trustee or an examiner is in the best interests of creditors and the estate. 11 U.S.C. 1104(a)(3). Section 1112(b)(4) of the Bankruptcy Code sets forth numerous examples of cause that would support dismissal or conversion. For example, the moving party may establish cause by showing that there is substantial or continuing loss to the estate and the absence of a reasonable likelihood of rehabilitation; gross mismanagement of the estate; failure to maintain insurance that poses a risk to the estate or the public; or unauthorized use of cash collateral that is substantially harmful to a creditor.
Generally, the debtor (or any plan proponent) must file and get court approval of a written disclosure statement before there can be a vote on the plan of reorganization. The disclosure statement must provide "adequate information" concerning the affairs of the debtor to enable the holder of a claim or interest to make an informed judgment about the plan. 11 U.S.C. 1125. In a small business case, however, the court may determine that the plan itself contains adequate information and that a separate disclosure statement is unnecessary. 11 U.S.C. 1125(f). After the disclosure statement is filed, the court must hold a hearing to determine whether the disclosure statement should be approved. Acceptance or rejection of a plan usually cannot be solicited until the court has first approved the written disclosure statement. 11 U.S.C. 1125(b). An exception to this rule exists if the initial solicitation of the party occurred before the bankruptcy filing, as would be the case in so-called "prepackaged" bankruptcy plans (i.e., where the debtor negotiates a plan with significant creditor constituencies before filing for bankruptcy). Continued post-filing solicitation of such parties is not prohibited. After the court approves the disclosure statement, the debtor or proponent of a plan can begin to solicit acceptances of the plan, and creditors may also solicit rejections of the plan.
Upon approval of a disclosure statement, the plan proponent must mail the following to the U.S. trustee and all creditors and equity security holders: (1) the plan, or a court approved summary of the plan; (2) the disclosure statement approved by the court; (3) notice of the time within which acceptances and rejections of the plan may be filed; and (4) such other information as the court may direct, including any opinion of the court approving the disclosure statement or a court-approved summary of the opinion. Fed. R. Bankr. P. 3017(d). In addition, the debtor must mail to the creditors and equity security holders entitled to vote on the plan or plans: (1) notice of the time fixed for filing objections; (2) notice of the date and time for the hearing on confirmation of the plan; and (3) a ballot for accepting or rejecting the plan and, if appropriate, a designation for the creditors to identify their preference among competing plans. Id. But in a small business case, the court may conditionally approve a disclosure statement subject to final approval after notice and a combined disclosure statement/plan confirmation hearing. 11 U.S.C. 1125(f).
Acceptance of the Plan of Reorganization.
As noted earlier, only the debtor may file a plan of reorganization during the first 120-day period after the petition is filed (or after entry of the order for relief, if an involuntary petition was filed). The court may grant extension of this exclusive period up to 18 months after the petition date. In addition, the debtor has 180 days after the petition date or entry of the order for relief to obtain acceptances of its plan. 11 U.S.C. 1121. The court may extend (up to 20 months) or reduce this acceptance exclusive period for cause. 11 U.S.C. 1121(d). In practice, debtors typically seek extensions of both the plan filing and plan acceptance deadlines at the same time so that any order sought from the court allows the debtor two months to seek acceptances after filing a plan before any competing plan can be filed.
If the exclusive period expires before the debtor has filed and obtained acceptance of a plan, other parties in interest in a case, such as the creditors' committee or a creditor, may file a plan. Such a plan may compete with a plan filed by another party in interest or by the debtor. If a trustee is appointed, the trustee must file a plan, a report explaining why the trustee will not file a plan, or a recommendation for conversion or dismissal of the case. 11 U.S.C. 1106(a)(5). A proponent of a plan is subject to the same requirements as the debtor with respect to disclosure and solicitation.
There are, of course, exceptions to the general rule that an order confirming a plan operates as a discharge. Confirmation of a plan of reorganization discharges any type of debtor corporation, partnership, or individual from most types of prepetition debts. It does not, however, discharge an individual debtor from any debt made nondischargeable by section 523 of the Bankruptcy Code. (1) Moreover, except in limited circumstances, a discharge is not available to an individual debtor unless and until all payments have been made under the plan. 11 U.S.C. 1141(d)(5). Confirmation does not discharge the debtor if the plan is a liquidation plan, as opposed to one of reorganization, unless the debtor is an individual. When the debtor is an individual, confirmation of a liquidation plan will result in a discharge (after plan payments are made) unless grounds would exist for denying the debtor a discharge if the case were proceeding under chapter 7 instead of chapter 11. 11 U.S.C. 727(a), 1141(d).
Postconfirmation Modification of the Plan.
At any time after confirmation and before "substantial consummation" of a plan, the proponent of a plan may modify the plan if the modified plan would meet certain Bankruptcy Code requirements. 11 U.S.C. 1127(b). This should be distinguished from preconfirmation modification of the plan. A modified postconfirmation plan does not automatically become the plan. A modified postconfirmation plan in a chapter 11 case becomes the plan only "if circumstances warrant such modification" and the court, after notice and hearing, confirms the plan as modified. If the debtor is an individual, the plan may be modified postconfirmation upon the request of the debtor, the trustee, the U.S. trustee, or the holder of an allowed unsecured claim to make adjustments to payments due under the plan. 11 U.S.C. 1127(e).
Revocation of the Confirmation Order.
Revocation of the confirmation order is an undoing or cancellation of the confirmation of a plan. A request for revocation of confirmation, if made at all, must be made by a party in interest within 180 days of confirmation. The court, after notice and hearing, may revoke a confirmation order "if and only if the [confirmation] order was procured by fraud." 11 U.S.C. 1144.
1. Debts not discharged include debts for alimony and child support, certain taxes, debts for certain educational benefit overpayments or loans made or guaranteed by a governmental unit, debts for willful and malicious injury by the debtor to another entity or to the property of another entity, debts for death or personal injury caused by the debtor's operation of a motor vehicle while the debtor was intoxicated from alcohol or other substances, and debts for certain criminal restitution orders.11 U.S.C. 523(a). The debtor will continue to be liable for these types of debts to the extent that they are not paid in the chapter 11 case. Debts for money or property obtained by false pretenses, debts for fraud or defalcation while acting in a fiduciary capacity, and debts for willful and malicious injury by the debtor to another entity or to the property of another entity will be discharged unless a creditor timely files and prevails in an action to have such debts declared nondischargeable. 11 U.S.C. 523(c); Fed. R. Bankr. P. 4007(c).


text:
const Enhance = require('../oneview-sdk/utils/enhance');
const ResourceTransforms = require('./utils/resource-transforms');
const DeveloperListener = require('./developer');
const ServerHardwareListener = require('./server-hardware');
const ServerProfilesListener = require('./server-profiles');
const ServerProfileTemplateListener = require('./server-profile-templates');
const DashboardListener = require('./dashboard');
const AlertsListener = require('./alerts');
const DefaultListener = require('./default');
const BotListener = require('./bot');
const NotificationsFilter = require('./notifications-filter');
const url = require('url');

const listener = (robot, client, brain) => {
  const transform = new ResourceTransforms(robot, brain);
  const filter = new NotificationsFilter(robot);

  const dev = new DeveloperListener(robot, client, transform);
  const sh = new ServerHardwareListener(robot, client, transform, brain);
  const sp = new ServerProfilesListener(robot, client, transform, sh, brain);
  const spt = new ServerProfileTemplateListener(robot, client, transform, sh, sp, brain);
  const dash = new DashboardListener(robot, client, transform);
  const al = new AlertsListener(robot, client, transform);
  const deft = new DefaultListener(robot, transform);

  // LAST!!
  new BotListener(robot, client, transform, dev, sh, sp, spt);

  // TODO: Bug This should not be bound here, probably want a NotificationsListener instead
  // TODO This is a total hack, we need to pull the transformer out of the client
  robot.on('__hpe__notification__', function (message) {
    let uri = url.parse('https://' + message.resourceUri);
    let auth = client.getAuthToken(uri.hostname);

    const enhance = new Enhance(uri.hostname);

    //remove host before transform
    message.resourceUri = uri.path;
    let resource = enhance.transformHyperlinks(auth, message);
    let checkedMessage = filter.check(resource);
    if (typeof checkedMessage !== 'undefined' && checkedMessage.length > 0) {
      let room = '#' + client.chatRoom;

      if (robot.adapterName === 'flowdock') {
        room = client.chatRoom;
      }

      transform.messageRoom(room, resource.resource);
    }
  });
};

module.exports = listener;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Maybe one of the most famous strains in the world. It's always on-fashion, because it's quite difficult to improve something that is already well-done from the beginning. It is a very productive plant and can adapt itself to any cultivation system without trouble. It has a sweet taste, like candy. Those who have planted it know what we mean.


text:
EUR-Lex - 32019D1915 - EN
Document 32019D1915
Council Decision (EU) 2019/1915 of 14 October 2019 on the signing, on behalf of the Union, of the Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Belarus on the facilitation of the issuance of visas
ST/12361/2019/INIT
OJ L 297, 18.11.2019, p. 1–2 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)
ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2019/1915/oj
To see if this document has been published in an e-OJ with legal value, click on the icon above (For OJs published before 1st July 2013, only the paper version has legal value).
Official Journal of the European Union
COUNCIL DECISION (EU) 2019/1915
of 14 October 2019
on the signing, on behalf of the Union, of the Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Belarus on the facilitation of the issuance of visas
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular point (a) of Article 77(2) in conjunction with Article 218(5) thereof,
On 28 February 2011, the Council authorised the Commission to open negotiations with the Republic of Belarus on an Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Belarus on the facilitation of the issuance of visas ('the Agreement'), in parallel with the negotiations of an Agreement on the readmission of persons residing without authorisation. The negotiations were successfully concluded by the initialling of the Agreement via exchange of emails on 17 June 2019.
In the Eastern Partnership Summit Declaration of 7 May 2009, the Union and the partner countries expressed their political support towards liberalisation of the visa regime in a safe and secure environment and reaffirmed their intention to take gradual steps towards a visa free regime for their citizens in due course.
The purpose of the Agreement is to facilitate, on the basis of reciprocity, the issuance of visas for an intended stay of no more than 90 days in any 180-day period to the citizens of the Union and Belarus.
This Decision constitutes a development of the provisions of the Schengen acquis in which the United Kingdom does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2000/365/EC (1); the United Kingdom is therefore not taking part in its adoption and is not bound by it or subject to its application.
This Decision constitutes a development the provisions of the Schengen acquis in which Ireland does not take part, in accordance with Council Decision 2002/192/EC (2); Ireland is therefore not taking part in the adoption of this Decision and is not bound by it or subject to its application.
In accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of Protocol No 22 on the position of Denmark, annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Denmark is not taking part in the adoption of this Decision and is not bound by it or subject to its application.
The Council should decide on the conclusion of the Agreement in the light of an assessment by the Commission as to the security and integrity of Belarus' system of issuance of biometric diplomatic passports and their technical specifications.
The Agreement should be signed and the Joint Declarations attached to the Agreement be approved,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
The signing on behalf of the Union of the Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Belarus on the facilitation of the issuance of visas is hereby authorised, subject to the conclusion of the said Agreement (3).
The Joint Declarations attached to the Agreement shall be approved on behalf of the Union.
The President of the Council is hereby authorised to designate the person(s) empowered to sign the Agreement on behalf of the Union.
The Commission shall assess the security and integrity of Belarus' system of issuance of biometric diplomatic passports and their technical specifications, and it shall communicate its assessment to the Council. The Council shall decide, in the light of such assessment, on the conclusion of the Agreement.
This Decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption.
Done at Luxembourg, 14 October 2019.
For the Council
J. LEPPÄ
(1) Council Decision 2000/365/EC of 29 May 2000 concerning the request of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis (OJ L 131, 1.6.2000, p. 43).
(2) Council Decision 2002/192/EC of 28 February 2002 concerning Ireland's request to take part in some of the provisions of the Schengen acquis (OJ L 64, 7.3.2002, p. 20).
(3) The text of the Agreement will be published together with the decision on its conclusion.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Users can reload the CAPTCHA as many times as is necessary by clicking the Reload icon in the upper right corner of the image. The Magento CAPTCHA was implemented using a Zend Framework module, and is fully configurable.
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1. On the Admin menu, select System > Configuration. Then in the panel on the left under Advanced, select Admin.
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text:
Advocacy starts young
One of the first things I saw this morning was a Toronto Star article concerning more First Nations kids taking their lives, and chiefs calling for help to deal with the suicide crisis. In conversation with a friend about it, she said to me "I wish I could help, but as a student I just don't know how."
Talking about it more with her, she expressed that she felt as if she couldn't do anything because she's non-Indigenous, but also far away both socially and physically from the issues at hand.
But that's simply not true. It needs to be known that we are all treaty people, and reconciliation needs to be a national movement with 100 per cent of Canadians being a part of it, both non-Indigenous and Indigenous.
Everyone has a role to play, especially young people.
Ontario can't allow massive pay hikes for college presidents: Editorial
Raise your hand if your salary increased by more than 50 per cent in the past five years. Nope? Didn't think so.
But it could go up that much by September if you're the president of a college in Ontario. Or maybe it will rise by a mere 39 per cent.
Whichever, you get the picture. As the end of a five-year wage freeze on non-unionized public sector workers approaches, the province's 24 colleges are setting the stage for massive pay increases for their presidents.
Deb Matthews, the minister responsible for post-secondary education, needs to rein them in. Not only to stop a salary race at the college level, but to manage pay expectations for other public sector workers, including those at universities, hospitals, school boards and government agencies.
The extent of the college presidents' pay ambitions are made clear in documents released by the Ontario Public Service Employees Union, which opposes the proposed new salary levels.
Reserve schools failing Canada's aboriginal students: study
VANCOUVER – Reserve schools are failing Canada's aboriginal students and there is no quick-and-easy fix, says a new report from the C.D. Howe Institute.
A study released Thursday by the research group found that only four of 10 young adults living on reserves across the country have finished high school.
Those figures contrast sharply with graduation rates of seven out of 10 for off-reserve aboriginals and nine out of 10 for non-aboriginals. The study also found eight out of 10 Metis graduate from high school across the country.
Debunking the myth that all First Nations people receive free post-secondary education
It's one of the commonly held beliefs about First Nations people in this country: they all get free post-secondary education.
Problem is, it's not true. And the reality is much more complicated.
To help make sense of it, here's a little of what Canadians should know about First Nations people and funding for
post-secondary education.
MES LIMITES :: MON ESPACE PERSONNEL ET LE TOUCHER
Apprendre aux enfants et aux adolescents quelles sont leurs limites personnelles leur permet de développer leur sens des responsabilités et la maîtrise de soi. Développer le sens de l'autonomie, du respect de soi et d'autrui permet d'avoir une meilleure estime de soi. Dans ce cours, les élèves apprendront les règles relatives à l'espace personnel, au toucher et à la sécurité personnelle afin de maintenir des limites saines.
Get Back! The Use of Personal Space Among College Students
Abstract: Research on personal space has found that individual cultures and ethnic groups have a similar preference for the use of personal space within each respective group. Differences in the use of personal space exist across gender, as women tend to share a closer proximity than men. The purpose of this study was to measure the use of personal space among college students. Use of personal space was defined in this study as the preference or need for a specific amount of personal space. Specifically, the researcher hypothesized differences across gender and ethnicity would be found. Survey methodology was used to measure different variables of personal space among private university students (N=102). The results indicated that male students feel more comfortable than female students in greeting an acquaintance of the opposite gender with a hug or a kiss. Female students reported being more comfortable than male students in greeting an acquaintance of the same gender. An agenda for future research that includes cultural differences among college students was described.
Online Education Costs More, Not Less
The myth that online education courses cost less to produce and therefore save students money on tuition doesn't hold up to scrutiny, a survey of distance education providers found.
The survey, conducted by the WICHE Cooperative for Educational Technologies (WCET), found that most colleges harge students the same or more to study online. And when additional fees are included, more than half of distance ducation students pay more than do those in brick-and-mortar classrooms.
The higher prices -- what students pay -- are connected to higher production costs, the survey found. Researchers sked respondents to think about 21 components of an online course, such as faculty development, instructional esign and student assessment, and how the cost of those components compares to a similar face-to-face course. he respondents -- administrators in charge of distance education at 197 colleges -- said nine of the components cost more in an online course than in a face-to-face course, while 12 cost about the same.
International students' concept of "home" shapes postgraduation plans
How international university students think about home significantly influences their migration plans upon graduation, according to a new study from the University of British Columbia.
"A lot of research focuses on where international students go to study, but few focus on where they go after graduation," said study author Cary Wu, a PhD candidate in UBC's department of sociology and an international student from China. "Our study shows that migration plans for international students are far more complex than this binary of stay or return."
New survey reveals the diversity of Canada's Millennial generation through their social values
TORONTO, Feb. 14, 2017 /CNW/ - A new national survey released today reveals a bold portrait of Canada's Millennials (those born between 1980 and 1995), that for the first time presents the social values of this generation, and the distinct segments that help make sense of the different and often contradictory stereotypes that so frequently are applied to today's young adults.
The results show that Millennials cannot be lumped into a single group defined by their age, or by other demographic characteristics such as gender, region or socio-economic status. They are a diverse part of the Canadian society, made up of six social values "tribes", each reflecting a distinct worldview and approach to life. While Millennials may share some common experiences and aspirations as befits their stage in life, there are notable differences in outlook and life path across these tribes, be they "Engaged Idealists," "Bros and Brittanys," or "Lone Wolves."
How to Become and Remain a Transformational Teacher
However talented, no one is a natural-born teacher. Honing the craft takes significant care and effort, not just by the individual, but also by the school at large. Though experience does matter, it matters only to the extent that a teacher -- regardless of how long he or she has been in the classroom -- commits to continued professional development to refresh his or her status as a transformational teacher. Along those lines, even after a decade in the classroom, I don't claim to be beyond criticism -- not in the least. Still, I wish to offer some advice on constantly striving toward perfection, however elusive that goal will always remain.
Reconciliation requires "actionable deeds" by universities, not just talk
At a conference in Ottawa, academics, policymakers, students and community leaders addressed the role universities can play in reconciling Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples.
What role can and should universities play in reconciliation efforts between Canadian institutions and Indigenous communities? What's working well and what needs to change? These questions were central to a two-day symposium of university administrators, students, policymakers and community organizers called Converge 2017, hosted by Universities Canada in Ottawa last week.
Understanding the Student Experience of a University Labour Strike: Identifying Strategies to Counter Negative Impact
Postsecondary education in Ontario has seen a number of labour strikes over the past few decades, including some protracted, high‐profile work stoppages. These labour disputes can impact students negatively in a number of ways, yet there has been limited research exploring the psychosocial and academic impact of work stoppages on university students and possible strategies to minimize these effects. This report outlines the findings of a three‐study project designed to expand on the limited, existing research in two ways. The first study analyzed data from a rare longitudinal survey, assessing changes in student responses to the 2008–2009 York University strike by teaching assistants and contract faculty over the course of the work stoppage. The second and third studies adopted a mixed‐methods approach, using focus group interviews and a retrospective online survey to understand students' experiences of the 2015 labour strikes at the University of Toronto and York University.
A modern attrition strategy that's surprisingly easy to act on
New school. New city. New structure.
It can all feel so daunting. Especially if you're 18 years old, not really sure what program you should be in and unprepared for the demands of what your new post-secondary education reality truly is.
Many students lack the right knowledge, tools and resources to make an informed decision when choosing their higher ed path. Universities see about 14% of first year students drop out, in comparison to an even higher 20% at college, simply because it's just not the right fit.
Despite efforts to decrease attrition in North America, a PSE attrition rate of 30-40% has persisted for over 30 years. That means post-secondary institutions are suffering financial losses as first year students continue to drop out. But why aren't students finding the right fit?
A New Era of Student Unrest?
Last month's Women's March, one of the largest demonstrations in American history, drew between three and five million people across 673 U.S. cities and 170 cities internationally, according to a Google Drive effort to capture estimates. Since then, protests have continued in communities nationwide, including a series of major demonstrations in response to President Trump's executive order barring travel to the United States from seven predominantly Muslim nations, his order to move ahead with the wall along the Mexican border and the controversial North Dakota pipeline.
Viewed as signaling white nationalism, racism, sexism and xenophobia, the election of Donald Trump has provoked strong and negative responses among students. The turbulent political atmosphere recently engulfed the University of California, Berkeley, where students or -- according to campus officials -- agitators from off the campus violently interrupted what were to be peaceful protests and a speech by Breitbart editor Milo Yiannopoulos. Student protests against Trump's travel ban have also occurred at Ohio, American, Chapman and Rutgers Universities.
What do these events say, if anything, about activism on college campuses today? Have they sparked a new wave of student engagement? Or is it a momentary outcry?
Nabokov in the Age of Snapchat
Whenever I assign a long reading for homework or offer to peruse one collectively, a tremendous
sigh can be heard filling up the room. Groans of "Do we have to?" or "I've never read anything that
long in my life" punctuate the anticipated boredom, and everyone settles in to (grudgingly) do the
For instructors, that isn't a rare occurrence. Our roles require us teach basic tenets of literature, engage students in thinking about rhetoric and symbolism, and ideally guide them as they evolve into better writers and critical thinkers. However, as we try to reach students who are reading increasingly shorter and shorter pieces, or not at all, one question arises: Do we need to change how and what we teach in English courses, or is it already too late?
THREE PILLARS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY: LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND PERSONAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS Part 1: Getting the Most from Learning Management Systems
All post-secondary teachers and students use educational technology– whether for classroom-based, blended or fully online learning and teaching.
This three-part series, Three Pillars of Educational Technology: Learning Management Systems, Social Media, and Personal Learning Environments, explores the Learning Management System (LMS), social media, and personal learning environments – and how they might best be used for enhanced teaching and learning.
Three Pillars of Educational Technology: Learning Management Systems, Social Media, and Personal Learning Environments - Part 2
Part 2: How Social Media Support and Expand Teaching and Learning
All post-secondary faculty and students use educational technology– whether for classroom-based, blended or fully online learning and teaching.
This three-part series, Three Pillars of Educational Technology: Learning Management Systems,
Social Media, and Personal Learning Environments, explores the learning management system (LMS), social media, and personal learning environments – and how they might best be used for enhanced teaching and learning.
THREE PILLARS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY: LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND PERSONAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
"Learning On The Go"
What is Next for Mobile Learning?
In December 2015, there were 4.3 billion mobile phone subscribers in the world. In North America, 77% of families have at least one smartphone and 46% have access to a tablet at home. Worldwide, even though only 75% of the world has ready access to electricity, 75% of the world's population has access to a mobile phone[1]. Some of the most remarkable learning development projects in the world, such as the Commonwealth of Learning's Learning for Farmers initiative, use mobile phones and simple messaging systems to transform the livelihoods of thousands of families. Learning through mobile devices is possible anywhere and at anytime and is happening now.
It's All About Design!
Have you heard comments like this about online learning courses from faculty colleagues or students?
"I am not sure what we are supposed to do when..."
"There is no interaction, no feeling of belonging, no presence – I didn't want to read an encyclopedia, I wanted to
learn!"
"I hated this course. PowerPoints, a disembodied voice at the end of the phone lecturing…"
Even well intentioned designs can go wrong.
Some online courses are poorly thought through and designed and do not reflect what we know about adult learning,
student engagement and learning outcomes, the importance of interaction and feedback and the need for presence. In fact, a number of courses are designed as replicas of classroom courses rather than as courses purposely designed for an online learning environment: what works in a classroom may or may not work online.


text:
NO EN
Find Charging Station
Charge at home
Charge for Business
Charge on the Go
InCharge's general terms and conditions concerning public charging service.
This service is only valid in Sweden.(Valid from 2016-11-01)
1 § InCharge's public charging service
InCharge, by Vattenfall AB, offer charging services to the public at their own charging stations and on charging stations from a third party, which are linked to InCharge's public network of charging stations, by opening them for public use.
The provisions of these terms, which aim at the charging service and the customer's use of InCharge's chargecard or tag (e.g. the purchase and payment of charge or charges), includes charging within the network of InCharge's charging stations.
All provisions of these terms governing relations for the charging station and other devices (such as technical conditions, availability and responsibility) comprises only of the charging stations included in InCharge's network.
Stations included in InCharge's network can be viewed in the mobile application InCharge and website www.goincharge.com
2 § Charge card and tag
To access the charging service and to use InCharge's charging stations, a separate chargecard or tag is required. The chargecard or tag is obtained by a notification registered on www.goincharge.com
InCharge may conduct a customary credit assessment of the potential customer.
InCharge sends the card for approval to the customer. InCharge reserves the right to refuse the issue of the chargecard or tag.
The chargecard only applies to the charging stations included in InCharge's network. The network, including charging station owners, can be seen on www.goincharge.com
The cost of each respective occasion of charging is recorded on the holder of the chargecard or tag, e.g. using the charge service is regarded as recognition of the charge and the conclusion of contract for the purchase of the charge between the customer and connected to charging station owners' InCharge.
The card is valuable. It is at the customer's discretion to store the chargecard or tag so that unauthorised persons can not access it. If the chargecard or tag is lost, the holder should promptly contact InCharge on 227 30 100. InCharge blocks the chargecard or tag and sends a free replacement chragecard or tag. If unauthorised transactions have been made with the chargecard or tag, the customer should make a report to the police.
3 § Equipment and using InCharge's charging stations
The customer is responsible, where necessary, to provide a Mode 3 Type 2 cable for AC charging stations with Mode 3 Type 2 terminal. There are always fixed cables at InCharge's quick charging stations.
Each respective charging station owner within the InCharge network is responsible for making sure the charging stations meet the applicable standards, laws and regulations.
The charging ability is dependent on several factors, such as the technical specifications of the electric car, the vehicle battery charge level capacity and the charging station, of which the component with the lowest capacity will be decisive for the effect the electric car can assimilate. InCharge can not guarantee that the charging of an electric car will be implemented within a maximum validity period, or with minimum impact.
Instructions on how InCharge's charging stations are to be used can found on or in connection with charging stations.
4 § Availability
The InCharge service is available for customers around the clock, but in practice the ability to recharge is limited e.g. to some charging stations not being accessible at certain times due to specific restrictions.
The availability of InCharge's charging stations are communicated through www.goincharge.com
InCharge strives to make sure that the charging stations in InCharge's network should be as operational as possible. If a charging station is affected by a malfunction, InCharge will fix the error as soon as possible.
InCharge reserves the right, without compensation to the client, to modify, restrict access to, or suspend the charging service or charging station for example, for updates, maintenance and error correction, or by force-majeure circumstances outside InCharge's control.
5 § Payment
Use of the charge service in the form of charging history is stored for the registered chargecard or tag. The charging history becomes the basis for the estimated cost the customer will pay.
Payment for the completion of charging happens in arrears.
The customer is liable to InCharge for all use of the charging service implemented with the chargecard. (The client is not responsible for using the charging service when a customer notifies that a chargecard or tag has been lost according to 2 §. This does not apply if the customer by fraud or negligent action contributed to the unauthorised access.)
Payment must reach InCharge on the due date indicated on the bill. When billing, InCharge has the right to charge a reasonable fee according to InCharge's current prices.
If a timely payment is not executed by the customer then InCharge has the right to, in addition to the invoice amount, add interest under the Interest Act (1975: 635) to the invoice's due date as well as compensation for the costs associated with the delay. This also includes costs for written payment reminders and costs for the enforcement of payment or other obligations.
InCharge has the right to indefinitely suspend a customer unless the conditions for payment are met. (See § 9 Validity)
6 § Consumption and data
For an updated version of how Vattenfall & InCharge handles personal data, please visit the Swedish version of the T&C's.
https://www.goincharge.com/se/footer-utility-pages/villkor/
InCharge will save the charging history for each customer (which includes, for example, information on the charging station used, the utilised electricity, the amount and time of use of the charge service.) The charging history is the basis for billing the customer.
The customer agrees that data and data associated with the customer's use of the charge service and charging stations will be processed and stored by InCharge, other group companies or InCharge's partner in accordance with the Data Act (1998: 204) ( "PDA"), and to the extent it is needed for the administration and performance of the contract with the customer and related services. The data collected will also be addressed in connection with business and product development, statistics, marketing and customer analysis and direct marketing (provided that the customer has not announced that they oppose direct marketing from InCharge).
The customer can request information free of charge on personal data once a year relating to how it has been used. The customer can also request that personal information, which has not been treated in accordance with PUL, be corrected, blocked or deleted. Additional information about personal data used by InCharge is available on http://www.goincharge.com/en/data-protection/
7 § Liability for defects, etc.
InCharge is not responsible for any damage due to lack of compatibility between the customer's car and charging station, or because the customer uses the charging service or charging station in violation of the current applicable instructions and technical requirements, as set in this agreement or as InCharge otherwise makes available to the customer.
InCharge is not responsible for incidental or consequential damages, attributable and arising from, the Customer's property and Customer's use of the charging service or charging station.
The customer is not entitled to damages due to a charging station being closed or out of order.
The customer is responsible for compliance of all guidelines and requirements in accordance with the instructions given by InCharge from time to time. This includes responsibility for the electric car the customer is using, in connection with the charging service meeting all the requirements for charging.
The client is also responsible for the chargecard or tag not being used or misused by unauthorised persons.
InCharge reserves the right to immediately block the charge card if abused, if there is a risk of unsafe use of the chargecard or tag, suspicion of unauthorised use, or risk to the customer if they cannot fulfil their obligations to InCharge.
8 § Transfer Agreement
The customer acknowledges that InCharge in unchanged conditions may fully or partially transfer its rights and obligations under this agreement to another company within the same group or to another party that can reasonably be expected to fulfil the obligations under the contract satisfactorily.
The customer is not entitled to transfer, assign their rights or obligations, wholly or partially, under the Agreement.
9 § Validity
These conditions apply continuously. InCharge has the right to terminate this agreement with immediate effect if the customer violates these terms or uses the charging service or a charging station in such a way that harm or damage occurs.
10 § Amendment of the conditions
InCharge has the right to change these terms. The customer is informed by email about the change at least two months before the change takes effect. The customer must in such cases, be informed two days after the email has been sent.
11 § Disputes
Disputes concerning the application or interpretation of the agreement and related matters must primarily be resolved through negotiation and agreement between the parties. Any dispute will be settled by court under Swedish law. Disputes may also be heard by the Complaints Board.
12 § Use of mobile application InCharge
InCharge offers via MOBILE CITY GmbH, a mobile application that enables stations to be found, as well as InCharge's charging stations where customers can pay.
InCharge reserves the right, at any time, without compensation to the client, to shut down the mobile application.
The customer is not entitled to damages because the mobile application is non-operational.
For payment via the mobile application InCharge, MOBILE CITY GmbH general terms and conditions apply (version: January 2015, as below):
A) Introduction
Mobile City (hereinafter referred to as MC) has developed a system for the management of payment for charging stations / charging posts (Mobile Payment System hereinafter referred to as MOPAS) with which the user of MOPAS system (the user) has to pay the charges for the use of electric charging posts (the charging fees) from operators of the charging infrastructure, which cooperates with the MC (the partner) via mobile communication techniques ( UMTS, GPRS, WLAN) or mobile phones. On behalf of, and in the partner's name, which is connected to MOPAS system, MC takes over the cashless final bill and collection of the resulting charge fees in relation to the user.
MC sets an alternative system of payment by charging fees available to the user with MOPAS. The general terms and conditions (hereinafter referred to as TC) applies to the regulation of these achievements. Possible abnormal, obstructional or complementary TC do not form contractual content, even with pre-existing knowledge, except when their validity is consented to in writing. Possible prospectuses, advertising notice etc. from MC or a third party is not contain contractual elements, except as expressly referenced in writing in this document.
B) Function and using Mobile Payment Systems (MOPAS)
Charging with MOPAS Smartphone application: The user can start and stop the charging by use of the equivalent Smartphone application - in which a previous registration was required according to § 3. The storage of the data occurs during a period of time agreed with the respective partners. Data only exists as a PDF receipt for distribution to users.
Charging Fees: charging fees comply with the cost structure of the respective partners. Information about this, and the process in which the partner's charging fees occurred, as well as the charging fee's respective level, can be found by the user on the internet platform of the respective partners and / or the charging post for each respective partner.
Service charge: Depending on the partner, a service fee is charged per charge. Information on which charging post / charging point has a service fee as well as the respective level of service fee, is found by the user on the internet platform of the respective partners and / or charging post / charging point for each partner.
Payment of the charging fee: For proper payment of charging fees through the MOPAS system, in particular the proper starting and completion of loading, the users themselves are exclusively responsible. The user shall in particular ensure that they have a mobile radio network connection to be able to use it. The user is also responsible for using a debit card to pay for charging fees through a third party.
C) Registration Payment Card
The specified data required for registration of the payment card and payment of the necessary charge fees arising from use in the charging stations is displayed below. Upon registration of a debit or credit card, the following information is necessary:
- E-mail address for receipt basis (optional)- Description of method of payment
- First name of credit card holder
- Surname of credit card holder
- Card issuer
- Credit card number
- Credit control number
- Valid date
Registration is only possible if the user has accepted the TC.
The payment of the charge made through the credit card user is indicated in the registration procedure.
D) The duty to pay charging fees
The user's payment obligation: When the user registers their payment card, MC is instructed to gather in the usage from the charging stations, resulting in charging fees for partners. A refund from the user, because of objections or complaints with respect to the services received, is excluded from the deadline mentioned in § D figure 3.
Selection of payment option: The user can select the payment for establishing their charging fees, wherein a preceding registration required by § 3 for payment of the letters a)
a) credit card (pay): MC is entitled to collect charges with charge payment via credit card. The invoice amount charged to the user's credit card in general, the 3rd of the month, but no later than the 15th of the month, following the invoice creation.
Receipt Handling: The user can choose to receive a receipt sent out to the app's registered email address.
The user should submit objections about the debit within eight weeks after charging has been completed. The user's legal claims remain unaffected by this.
E) Data Protection
The user gives his or her expressed consent to their personal data being stored and processed automatically. The user can at any time withdraw their consent with immediate effect. The use of MOPAS is thus no longer possible.
MC ensures confidential treatment of information corresponding to the provisions of the Data Protection Act and is, to some extent, subject to the control of the country's jurisdiction concerning data protection.
The information is used for the purpose of creating MOPAS system and charge the user by registered payment cards.
The requirements of telecommunications and media law is used.
F) Liability
MC is responsible for the user according to the legal provisions for damage, to the extent they may be returned to the intent or gross negligence or inadvertent violation of essential contract obligations from MC. In the case of simple negligence, MC's liability is limited to the contract for typical and foreseeable damage; This also applies to simple negligent breaches of duty by the legal representative and fulfilment assistance. Responsibility with respect to negligent injury to life, body or health remains unaffected.
MC assumes no liability for the continuous availability of the MOPAS system, especially for the availability of the mobile network and the functionality of the mobile products. For damages, which result from, in particular, the non availability in MOPAS system, or by the shortening of misappropriated mediated data respectively, is not the result of intent or gross negligence of MC's side and is not therefore liable.
The improper or non-successful completion of charging via a MOPAS system is not the responsibility of MC, to the extent that the fault lies within the responsibility of the network operator, partner or user.
MC is not liable to the user for partner services, services from the company, which provide payment and other services from third parties, which are active in the aforementioned tasks.
G) Changes or additions to the general terms and conditions
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Product Description: Choo Choo! Send these Thomas party invites to your guests for a brilliant birthday bash. Invite features Thomas chugging along tracks with the words 'All Aboard'. This invite is perfect to give your party a great start and perfectly coordinates with other Thomas party supplies. Invites are sold in an 8 package.


Corduroy is on trend, and more comfy than you can imagine. The lace up details running down the sides of the pants add a little more sass to this flared style. Pair with a white button up and heels for a subdued, classy look, or go wild wild west with boots and cowboy hat. Any way you style them, these pants are ready to make a statement.


text:
Q: Histogram plotting "AttributeError: max must be larger than min in range parameter." I have a dataset (as a .txt file) used to make a histogram, but a journal has asked me to normalize the data and plot a histogram of the normalized data instead. However, I'm getting a "AttributeError: max must be larger than min in range parameter." error when I'm trying to plot the normalized data. Basically, H1 is my list of data (some may include nan values which I'm attempting to remove), and I'm trying to normalize the remaining data
import numpy as np
from numpy import array
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

H1 = np.loadtxt('histogramrate25p10area30.txt') #Import data from txt file

newH1 = [x for x in H1 if x != 'nan'] #Remove nan values
norm1 = [float(i)/max(newH1) for i in newH1] #Normalize remaining values

nbins1 = 400

plt.figure()

plt.subplot(111)
plt.hist(norm1, nbins1, color='purple', alpha=0.5)
plt.ylabel('Frequency', fontsize=20)

plt.show()

From browsing this website, the error resulted from the presence of nan values, but I thought in my newH1 list above, I've removed all the nan values, so I'm unsure what is causing this error.

A: The following should do:
import numpy as np
from numpy import array
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

H1 = np.loadtxt('histogramrate25p10area30.txt')

newH1 = H1[~np.isnan(H1)]
norm1 = np.apply_along_axis(func1d=lambda x: x/np.max(newH1), arr=newH1, axis=0)
nbins1 = 400
plt.hist(norm1, nbins1, color='purple', alpha=0.5)

plt.figure()

plt.subplot(111)
plt.hist(norm1, nbins1, color='purple', alpha=0.5)
plt.ylabel('Frequency', fontsize=20)

plt.show()

Explanation:
The script above loads the data with the help of the np.loadtxt function and subsequently removes the rows that contain null values. The latter is done by indexing the imported array with the boolean array ~np.isnan(H1). Here, np.isnan finds the rows where the values are null or nan and the ~ sign negates that; changing the True values to False, and vice-versa. Once that's done, it moves on to applying a function to each value of the new array. The function here is lambda x: x/np.max(newH1); which basically divides each value of the array by the maximum value present in the new array.
The next step is to plot the histogram. We set the number of bins needed to 400 and use plt.hist to plot the histogram. There is also an added bonus to create a figure and then add a subplot to our figure. Subsequently, we use the subplot to draw the histogram.
I hope this proves useful.

A: I was facing a similar issue.
They are expecting a range of parameter.
plt.hist( DATAFRAME NAME, RANGE( min value, max value))

This solved the issue for me.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
<?php
return [
    'Add attribute and close' => 'Добавить атрибут и закрыть',
    'Add attribute and continue' => 'Добавить атрибут и продолжить',
    'Attribute groups' => 'Группы атрибутов',
    'Attribute value' => 'Значение атрибута',
    'Attribute' => 'Атрибут',
    'Attributes - creating' => 'Атрибуты - добавление',
    'Attributes - editing' => 'Атрибуты - редактирование',
    'Attributes - manage' => 'Атрибуты - управление',
    'Attributes - view' => 'Атрибуты - просмотр',
    'Attributes list' => 'Список атрибутов',
    'Attributes' => 'Атрибуты',
    'Checkbox' => 'Чекбокс',
    'Create attribute' => 'Добавить атрибут',
    'Delete attribute' => 'Удалить атрибут',
    'Do you really want to remove attribute?' => 'Вы уверены, что хотите удалить атрибут?',
    'Dropdown list' => 'Выпадающий список',
    'Each option value must be on a new line.' => 'Каждое значение опции должно быть на новой строке.',
    'Group title' => 'Название группы',
    'Group' => 'Группа',
    'Manage attributes' => 'Управление атрибутами',
    'Manage product attributes' => 'Управление атрибутами товара',
    'Name' => 'Идентификатор',
    'Position' => 'Позиция',
    'Required' => 'Обязательный',
    'Save attribute and close' => 'Сохранить атрибут и закрыть',
    'Save attribute and continue' => 'Сохранить атрибут и продолжить',
    'Short text (up to 250 characters)' => 'Короткий текст (до 250 символов)',
    'Text' => 'Текст',
    'The name can contain only letters, numbers and underscores.' => 'Название может содержать только буквы, цифры и подчеркивания.',
    'Unit' => 'Единица измерения',
    'Update attribute' => 'Редактировать атрибут',
    'Updating attribute' => 'Редактирование атрибута',
    'View attribute list' => 'Просмотреть список атрибутов',
    'View attribute' => 'Просмотреть атрибут',
    'Viewing attribute' => 'Просмотр атрибута',
];


Dear Mr. Biden, Please open your brain… | J. Morris Hicks, writer. speaker. big picture guy.
Congress will approve the $1 billion the president requested for cancer research and help pave the way toward cures for all types of cancer — a goal scientists say could be reached by using patients' immune systems to destroy cancer cells.
Sir, I can tell from your tone in this video that you are sincere in your effort to find the cure for cancer but, so far, I have seen nothing in the news that suggests that you have explored ANY possible cure that has not originated from inside the "cancer industry" — an industry that has zero financial incentive whatsoever to pursue any possible cure that doesn't involve extensive use of enormously expensive drugs and/or procedures.
After all, without those enormously expensive drugs and procedures, there would be no cancer industry.
The world deserves to learn the truth about cancer.
Mr. Biden, the taxpayers of the USA, indeed all citizens of the planet, deserve to hear what Dr. Campbell discovered about cancer in the laboratory at Cornell as early as 1982. I have written about that discovery in my previous four letters to you since early January.
Dr. Campbell's game-changing discovery. He discovered that cancer can be consistently turned "on" and "off" in laboratory subjects simply by adjusting the level of animal protein in their diets. It turned out that animal protein is the favorite food of cancer cells.
Sadly, the "cancer industry" has never seen fit to formally test those findings in humans. But there have been thousands of anecdotal cases in the past thirty years that suggest that Dr. Campbell's findings are almost certainly applicable to humans.
And Dr. Campbell told the world about those findings in his 2005 best-seller, The China Study–a book that was praised by President Clinton in 2010 for helping him learn all about the plant-based solution to curing his heart disease. Conveniently, the same diet that could likely be the cure for cancer–has also been proven to reverse heart disease, type 2 diabetes and a host of other chronic diseases.
My letters to your office. I sent my first formal letter to your office on January 17 and have followed up with three additional letters, the last one was mounted on an 18 by 24 inch foam poster board shown here.
This jumbo size letter was first rejected by your office when delivered by UPS in early February. I re-sent the letter a week later via USPS.
Response from your office. After four letters over a period of two months, I received one response from your office. Since it didn't mention anything that I had said in any of my letters to you, it was obviously a form letter that was probably sent to the thousands of people who have reached out to you about this extremely important project.
Conclusion. As I have mentioned in all of my letters to you, we are pretty darn sure that the simple technique used to arrest cancer growth in the lab animals–can also be used with great success in humans. So why not spend a tiny fraction of the billion dollars from us taxpayers to find out for certain?
If not you and President Obama, then who?
Just think of the millions of lives, the billions of years of suffering and the trillions of dollars spent on chronic disease–also consider the host of environmental improvements that would be the natural result of billions of humans moving away from eating so many animals. We're truly talking about a win-win for all concerned–except for the "cancer industry" itself.
Writer, Speaker, Activist and Board Member of the T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies.
PS: It is my sincere hope and expectation that Dr. T. Colin Campbell will someday be awarded the Nobel Prize for his breakthrough scientific work leading to the end of cancer.
Here is a list of the earlier letters I have sent to your office so far this year. Notice that the last one on this list was addressed to Mr. Bob Woodward of The Washington Post. I thought that maybe he would be able to get your attention regarding this most crucial topic.
Jumbo "poster-size" Cancer Letter to VP Joe Biden (2-1-16) Please note that the "form letter" response from your office is included herein.
This entry was posted in Activism & Leadership, Cancer, Sustainability and tagged u. Bookmark the permalink.
Thanks so much for doing this work. It is my belief that this has potential to solve so many of the worlds problems. I am sure you are aware of the research that shows the impact of consumption of animal based foods on climate change … also a stated concern of the Obama administration. Have you considered starting a petition at https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/petitions and getting the word out to like minded folks to sign that petition? I had considered doing that myself but believe that your expression of the issues and benefits would be more eloquent.
Thank you for the compliment, but I am not much for petitions. Not saying that I am against them, it's just that I have chosen other approaches that I feel are better suited to my knowledge and skills.
Great job on the follow ups Jim. I admire your persistence to get the job done!
I think eventually Mr. Biden will have to reply to you personally as he continues to receive multiple messages and letter from you.
Maybe we can send the copy of your letter we originally sent out again and again as well until he gets the message. I mean after a while you would think they will get tired of receiving the same thing over and over again without responding accordingly.
Hi Mitch, I have sent an emailed version of this letter to The White House and am dropping a hard copy in the USPS. We will continue exploring other opportunities for getting Mr. Biden's attention. He and the president only have another 9 months in office, so we must get to them soon. Somehow, I am not very confident that the next administration (whoever it might be) is going to spend much effort on this topic.
I agree, we need to get to Mr. Biden NOW, while the time is right. who knows what the next administration will do?
Here is another good article for the "vice-prez".
I respect and admire your work, I am a devoted defender of a whole food plant based diet ever since having read The China Study. I have also read dr John Kelly' s Stop feeding your cancer. Yet, I cannot help but wonder why vegans do still get cancer at rates sometimes comparable to those of meat eaters. If animal protein was the main factor in cancer progression this should not happen.
I am not sure where you are getting your information about "why vegans do still get cancer at rates sometimes comparable to those of meat eaters." My response is that this is exactly why there need to be formal studies conducted with human subjects similar to the studies Dr. Campbell has conducted in the laboratory. A few questions come to mind about your statement. 1. Eating vegan is not necessarily healthy as we know that many vegans live on junk food. 2. Cancer takes many years, sometimes decades, before it can be detected, so we don't know how long those "vegans" you mention have been eating a truly healthy diet. For me, I am impressed by Dr. Campbell's laboratory research AND with John Kelly's anecdotal results with many dozens of patients. Bottom line is that we need more formal studies, but the "cancer industry" has no interest in exploring any possible new cures that don't involve extremely expensive drugs and/or procedures. Hope this helps.
More research certainly is appropriate and should help us to better understand the effectiveness of eliminating animal protein. However, it seems that we already have good evidence of how it works on humans from the China Study. Campbell lists foods that strongly correlated with increased incidence of a whole range of cancers and foods that strongly correlated with a decreased incidence of those cancers. As you say, it did go beyond just being vegan. You are familiar with Dr. Campbell's work and I like how he summarized what he learned during his entire career of doing nutritional research and keeping an eye on the research of others, "Eat a whole foods plant based diet, whiie minimizing the consumption of refined foods, added salt and added fats." (p 242 The China Study) Beautiful, simple, and yet comprehensive.
Yes, David, those of us in the WFPB community know of Dr. Campbell's work and of the ability of whole plants to slow, halt or reverse cancer in humans. But until the major human studies are done, knowledge of this critical, life-saving and Earth-saving information will be limited to far less than 5% of the world's population. This information must go mainstream if it is to change the world.
Fantastic work as always. Proud to be your friend Jim Morris Hicks. They know that eating right can quite literally save millions of lives. A wholefoods plant based diet is the most powerful weapon we all have against disease. Shame on all of them not having the courage and insight to have T. Colin Campbell at the White House, right now….. and still continuing to be enchanted by the cancer industry…. It represents all of them saying a big NO to the paradigm shift that is desperately needed, the message on his video represents the rejection of conventional wisdom and human rights.
Jim, many over here are watching and sharing your interview with me about your work… You are a force to be reckoned with and we are all pushing behind you to get a breakthrough…here is the link directly to Jim's interview if any commenters on this thread would share, much appreciated.


text:
Q: Why is setting color of a html entity character failing? I have this character code Ψ for a psi greek character.
This is the css code for
.psi{
color:red !important;
}

the class psi.When i try the code out in my firefox web browser,the character is not red. Why is this?.

A: That can happen only if you have another rule (more specific) with !important that also applies to that element.
For example

#wrapper span{
    color:blue !important;
}
.psi {
    color:red !important;
    font-size:3rem;
}

    Ψ

So check for overlapping rules.
(and try to not use !important. You should be able to do what you want by using more specific css rules)

A: You cannot change the color of some html entities in Firefox (at least up to 60.0b8). Some examples are ❓ and :

.psi{
  color:blue !important;
}
❓

It works in Chrome.


text:
Dit artikel vat het zestiende seizoen van Law & Order: Special Victims Unit samen.

Hoofdrollen
 Mariska Hargitay - sergeant Olivia Benson
 Danny Pino - rechercheur Nick Amaro
 Kelli Giddish - rechercheur Amanda Rollins
 Ice-T - rechercheur Fin (Odafin) Tutuola
 Peter Scanavino - rechercheur Dominick 'Sonny' Carisi jr.
 Raúl Esparza - assistent-officier van justitie Rafael Barba

Terugkerende rollen
 Bronwyn Reed - Lucy Huston
 Peter Gallagher - deputy chief William Dodds
 Robert John Burke - hoofd interne zaken Ed Tucker

Afleveringen

afleveringen 16
Special Victims Unit 16

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A friend of mine and a fine attorney who has helped many people has suffered a blood clot in his leg. He may not only lose his leg but his life. Please if you could include Howard in your prayers. Thank you.


text:
Gabby's World & Yowler
The High Watt
One Cannery Row
Gabby's World
Gabby's World is the music and lyrical world-building project of Gabrielle Smith. Smithbegan making music in 2007, constructing songs and ambient soundscapes out ofexperimental aural building blocks. Over the years, Smith's songwriting has matured,focusing in on her interest in folk melodic and lyrical traditions while also developing akeen pop sensibility. The resulting music, showcased in albums like 2015's O.K.,carefully treads the dynamic lines between expansiveness and intimacy, with a sounddefined by emotional urgency and upbeat pop danceability. Lyrically, Smith's songs arebaroque, drawing from themes more in line with the romantic poets than withcontemporary pop songwriters. Smith's newest musical pseudonym Gabby's Worldemerges after an extended hiatus and hibernation period in which Smith reevaluatedmany of her values and ideas about art. Beast on Beast, the first album under the nameGabby's World, deepens and complicates the stakes of Smith's work even further, andwill be released in late 2018.Beast on Beast was recorded live in summer 2017 at Gravesend Studios in Brooklyn,the studio space in the since closed Silent Barn DIY venue. Engineered and mixed byCarlos Hernandez and Julian Fader of the Brooklyn art-rock band Ava Luna, the albumcaptures the energetic live sound Smith has honed over the years with her band, agroup of three accomplished songwriters of their own right: Oliver Kalb of Bellows, FelixWalworth of Told Slant, and Jack Greenleaf of Sharpless. The album showcases theenergy and musical communication of the live band while simultaneously showcasingSmith's skill as a string and harmony arranger, featuring layered and complex violinsections and choral harmony singing that evoke a full orchestra underlining andbolstering the band's kinetic immediacy. Smith and Kalb produced the album over thecourse of fall 2017, adding layers of guitar noise and vocal harmonies, string and choralarrangements, and many musical contributions from friends, including Yoni Wolf ofWHY?, Greta Kline of Frankie Cosmos, Luke Jenner of The Rapture, and Alex Bleekerof Real Estate.
Yowler
Yowler is centered around the songwriting of Maryn Jones, who comes from many places but currently lives in Columbus, Ohio. While spending most of her time fronting the energetic and pop-driven rock outfit All Dogs and touring as a multi-instrumentalist in the indie/psych-folk collective Saintseneca, Jones uses Yowler as an outlet to write and record songs from home in the quieter, more solitary parts of the year. Her debut effort, The Offer, was released in March of 2015 on Brooklyn-based label Double Double Whammy. On The Offer, Jones uses distant sounding guitars, heavily effected synths, and bell-like vocals layered with wispy harmonies to paint a picture of a vast somberness and self-reflection. The song are below-the-surface ruminations about the things we don't always know how to talk about to each other.
VALID GOV'T ISSUED PHOTO ID REQUIRED - NO EXCEPTIONS
Danny Burns & Sam Johnston
Arlo McKinley & the Lonesome Sound
Have A Rad Day aka H.A.R.D. Single Release Show
Tue, July 23
Cayucas
Gabby's World & Yowler with Bleary
Tuesday, January 15 · Doors 7:00 PM / Show 8:00 PM at The High Watt