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Kaiju Profile: King Ghidorah, Mothra & Rodan (2019)
The MonsterVerse King Ghidorah, Mothra and Rodan Kaiju Profile is the 60th episode of Wikizilla's Kaiju Profiles video series. It was uploaded on July 4, 2020. The design portion of the video was uploaded on August 27, 2020.
2 Profile transcript
3 Design transcript
3.1 GHIDORAH
3.2 MOTHRA
3.3 RODAN
Videos[edit source]
Kaiju Profile: King Ghidorah,
Mothra & Rodan (2019)
Creating King Ghidorah,
Profile transcript[edit source]
In 2014, Legendary Pictures announced that the sequel to their Godzilla reboot would feature three of his most famous co-stars. One would oppose him, one would aid him, and one would... see which way the wind was blowing. Greetings kaiju fans, I'm The Boy Who Cried Godzilla - here to give you a glance at the MonsterVerse King Ghidorah, Mothra, and Rodan!
"Godzilla: King of the Monsters" realized Rodan, Mothra, and King Ghidorah using modern computer-generated effects for the first time. However, director Michael Dougherty made sure to remain true to the monsters' roots and keep them recognizable. Initially scattered around the globe, they collided in Boston to determine the fate of the world.
As with a few of our past profiles, the Design section will be uploaded separately. It'll need more time to be finished though, so it'll be a bit after this one.
To fit in with the mythology of Legendary's MonsterVerse, all three monsters became members of a group of ancient apex creatures dubbed "Titans" by Monarch, the organization devoted to studying them. As the post-credits scene in "Kong: Skull Island" reveals, Monarch has been aware of the trio's existence since at least 1973.
The MonsterVerse Rodan hails from the fictional Mexican island of Isla de Mara (Isla de Mona during production). In 1991, Monarch discovered him hibernating within the molten magma of the island's volcano, and constructed Outpost 56 around him in order to contain the winged Titan. According to Dougherty, Rodan's parents nested in this volcano, which is why he took up residence there himself. Ancient records of Rodan, which spoke of him as "the Fire Demon," recounted how he leveled cities just by flying over them.
In 2009, Monarch found Mothra within her egg inside the ancient "Temple of the Moth" in China's Yunnan rainforest, designed to house each generation of the Titan before she hatched. This became the site of Outpost 61. However, according to the film's novelization, she originally hails from Indonesia, where she was worshiped by the natives and referred to as "Mosura." Mothra appears in mythology and fairy tales from all over the world, which regard her as a truly benevolent being.
King Ghidorah was one of Monarch's most recent findings, discovered frozen in the Antarctic ice by a team headed by Dr. Vivienne Graham prior to 2014. Given the designation "Monster Zero," the three-headed Titan was the largest specimen they had uncovered — his name and origins shrouded in mystery. Only after Ghidorah was unleashed upon the world once more did they learn the truth: he was an alien invader bent on wiping out all life on Earth so he could terraform the planet to his liking. Godzilla and Mothra joined forces to seal him beneath Antarctica several millennia ago.
Five years after the existence of Titans became known to the world at large, Mothra began to hatch in her abode, the Temple of the Moth. Witnesses to her birth included Monarch's chief paleobiologist, Dr. Emma Russell, and her daughter Madison. Monarch's containment attempts panicked the newborn larval Mothra, who tossed guards aside and restrained them with her silk. Before Monarch could terminate her, Emma tried calming Mothra using her sonar device, the ORCA. Her first attempt angered Mothra further, but her second try successfully pacified the Titan, allowing Madison to touch her face. Their peaceful communion was broken when an explosion rocked the Outpost. Armed men stormed the control room and gunned down the Monarch personnel before abducting Emma and Madison along with the ORCA.
In their underwater headquarters of Castle Bravo, Monarch determined that the abductor was Alan Jonah, an ecoterrorist bent on "restoring natural order" and trafficking Titan DNA. Mothra had cocooned in a waterfall near the Outpost, but Emma's estranged husband Mark told the others that Jonah was likely after a much bigger prize. After Godzilla paid them a visit and suddenly swam away, Monarch discovered that he was making his way to Antarctica, the site of Outpost 32 and the three-headed Titan known as Monster Zero. Monarch rushed there in their flying fortress, the USS Argo, and landed nearby in an Osprey. By then, the base had already been seized by Jonah; his forces having set a trap for Monarch's G-Team. Mark ran in after them to save his family, but was shocked when Emma and Madison refused to escape with him. Emma grabbed a detonator and set off the terrorists' explosives; as the ice split open and the entire Outpost sank into the fissure, G-Team fled, while Emma used the ORCA to awaken Monster Zero. The freshly-emerged three-headed Titan regarded the humans with some curiosity before swiftly eliminating the majority with his gravity beams. The blast damaged the Osprey, prompting Madison to grab the ORCA to distract Monster Zero before he could smash it. Soon he found himself facing a real Titan, as Godzilla burst through the ice shelf to confront his ancient rival. The two traded blows, with Monster Zero managing to dodge a blast of atomic breath before toppling Godzilla with his gravity beams. The Argo arrived to rescue the survivors and began bombarding Monster Zero with missiles, to which the creature responded by flying away and disappearing within a tropical storm over South America.
Emma contacted the Argo and explained her plan to awaken all of the dormant Titans around the world so they could prevent the inevitable mass extinction humanity's excesses would lead to. Monarch determined Emma and Jonah had set their sights on Outpost 56 in Isla de Mara, Mexico. G-Team helped evacuate the town as Jonah's men disabled the containment field around the volcano and Emma used the ORCA to rouse the Titan within: Rodan. Monarch also became aware that the tropical storm Monster Zero disappeared into was actually being generated by the creature—who was on his way thanks to Rodan's cries. The Argo and a squadron of fighter jets lured Rodan towards the larger monster. The fire demon effortlessly wiped out the fighters, but before he could grab the Argo he found himself in the path of Monster Zero. The Titans clashed in the air, but the three-headed terror swiftly prevailed. He targeted the Argo next, but Godzilla intervened just in time. The King of the Monsters had the advantage underwater, managing to tear off his enemy's left head. However, the U.S. military wasn't content to let them fight, detonating a new weapon called the Oxygen Destroyer in an attempt to eliminate both Titans. Unfortunately, the chemical weapon had no effect on Monster Zero, and drove Godzilla to the brink of death. The now-two-headed beast perched atop the Isla de Mara volcano and regenerated his missing head, then emitted a shriek which echoed across the world, awakening all of the other Titans from their hibernation.
Through further research into ancient records, Monarch learned that Monster Zero was not part of the planet's natural order. These legends referred to him by the name Ghidorah, "the One Who is Many." Emma reached the same conclusion, and was horrified at Jonah's willingness to let Ghidorah run rampant. With Godzilla eliminated, Ghidorah could command the other Titans to destroy the world on his behalf—with one exception. Mothra emerged from her cocoon under the waterfall in China and flew to Castle Bravo, where she put on a dazzling display. By analyzing her bioacoustics, Monarch learned she was communicating with Godzilla, who was still alive. Inside the USS Scorpion, Mark and scientists Ishiro Serizawa, Ilene Chen, and Rick Stanton followed Mothra to Godzilla's lair among the sunken ruins of an ancient city within the Hollow Earth. Serizawa gave his life to detonate a thermonuclear warhead next to Godzilla, the radiation providing him with the energy needed to fully recover from the Oxygen Destroyer and challenge Ghidorah once again.
Mothra flew back to China to lay her egg offscreen. While Ghidorah and Rodan clashed with the military in Washington, D.C. Madison stole the ORCA and brought it to Fenway Park in Boston, broadcasting a signal through the sound system in order to halt the rampaging Titans around the globe. Determined to eliminate this artificial rival, Ghidorah destroyed the loudspeakers and cornered Madison. A blast of atomic breath cut him off: Godzilla had arrived. The ancient enemies battled again in the heart of Boston. Mothra soon joined the battle, briefly tag-teaming the three-headed dragon with the Big G, but Rodan intercepted her afterwards. After feeding on a power substation, Ghidorah began gaining the upper hand against Godzilla. Rodan managed to injure Mothra, but was unprepared for her stinger attack, which took him out of the fight. Ghidorah lifted Godzilla above the clouds and dropped him back down to the ground. Before he could finish him off, the Queen of the Monsters crawled on top of her counterpart and charged Ghidorah, who promptly disintegrated her with a point-blank blast from his gravity beams. Mothra's ashes rained down on Godzilla, infusing him with energy… but Ghidorah began to drain it. By then, Emma had defected from Jonah and worked with Mark and G-Team to rescue Madison. She recalibrated the ORCA and began to drive away with it in order to lure Ghidorah away from Godzilla and an escaping Monarch Osprey with Mark and Madison aboard. Ghidorah pursued her and blew up the vehicle with his gravity beams. As Emma lay on the street, she uttered… "Long live the king" ...up at the looming Ghidorah. He turned to see Burning Godzilla approaching him. An incendiary nuclear pulse in the shape of Mothra's wings melted away the three-headed Titan's wings; he retaliated with his gravity beams, which failed to faze Godzilla at all. The latter sent forth another pulse which incinerated his enemy's left and right heads, after which Godzilla stomped on his chest before his atomic energy reached critical mass and exploded.
When the smoke cleared, Godzilla rose from the rubble, holding Ghidorah's remaining head in his jaws, then proceeded to burn it away with his atomic breath. Victorious, he turned to see four of the other Titans Ghidorah had awakened approaching him: Behemoth, Scylla, Methuselah, and the Queen MUTO. Rodan, still alive, landed in front of Godzilla and roared. Godzilla returned a glare which caused Rodan and all of the other Titans to bow before the definitive King of Monsters.
In the following months, Rodan began nesting in Fiji, while Monarch uncovered Mothra's egg in China. Meanwhile... fishermen from Isla de Mara recovered Ghidorah's severed head and sold it to Jonah and his men.
[Alan Jonah:] "We'll take it."
All three Titans are capable of flight despite their tremendous size. Mothra and Rodan's exact flight speeds are unknown, though Rodan's is specified to be supersonic. When flying, he generated sonic booms that leveled Isla de Mara. King Ghidorah, who could break the sound barrier in all prior live action films, was only capable of flying at a speed of about Mach 0.8.
Physical Capabilities: Rodan is deadliest in the air. He easily dismantled the fleet of F-35 fighter jets engaging him by smacking them with his wings, tearing them apart with his talons and beak, and by performing a midair barrel-roll maneuver. During the battle in Boston, he utilized his aerial prowess to repeatedly ram Mothra while clawing at her with his talons.
The Legendary Mothra is equipped with mantis-like clawed forelimbs which she uses to defend herself in close combat - a departure from the puny legs of previous iterations. A strike from these claws forced Rodan off of her. Her deadliest weapon is her stinger, which she drove straight through Rodan's chest. Though he survived, he was incapacitated on the ground, flailing, only recovering after Godzilla killed Ghidorah.
Ghidorah preferred to make use of his multiple heads in melee combat. His necks and tails were fully prehensile, and he effortlessly lifted the Big G's over-90,000 ton body thousands of meters into the air. This incarnation's wings, clearly modified from arm-like forelimbs, were more versatile than those of past versions; he can even wingwalk with them.
Like all Titans, Rodan, Mothra, and King Ghidorah are highly durable, rendering them immune to conventional weaponry and resistant to savage blows from other Titans. Ghidorah's most impressive feat was enduring two blasts of Godzilla's atomic breath in Boston, and of course being unaffected by the Oxygen Destroyer - which killed most everything in the sea save for the Big G, who was dramatically weakened by it. Resulting from his prolonged time submerged in molten magma, Rodan has formed an armored layer of volcanic rock over his wings. A point-blank gravity beam shot launched him into the sea, but he was back up and bowing to the new alpha not very long afterwards. Mothra's durability is less proven, but her victory over the larger Rodan is notable.
Rodan is equipped with a biological magma system, meaning that his very blood is like molten lava. Dripping from the ends of his wings, it burned Mothra's wings during their battle, hindering her ability to fly. In addition, the movie's novelization states that Rodan can cause volcanoes to erupt simply by flying over them.
Mothra's primary form of defense is her silk attack. Unlike past incarnations, she can use this technique even in her imago stage. This silk completely immobilized two of King Ghidorah's heads, allowing Godzilla to tackle him.
Mothra is bioluminescent, and emits a variety of colorful lights from her body depending on her mood or the situation. As a larva, Mothra emits a soft blue light when she is calm, and a bright red light when she is agitated. In her imago stage, Mothra can emit volumetric beta-ray bioluminescent patterns from her wings called God Rays which dispel surrounding clouds and produce blinding white light. She used them as a beacon to lead Monarch to Godzilla's lair so they could revitalize him.
Mothra possesses a symbiotic relationship with Godzilla, dating back to the ancient past. The Queen and King of the Monsters communicate with each other using sonar patterns over great distances. The final stage of their symbiosis occurs when Mothra is killed and her energy flows into Godzilla's body. This causes him to temporarily enter a superpowered state called Burning Godzilla, in which he emits a tremendous amount of heat and can utilize extremely powerful nuclear pulses. These pulses possess the pattern of Mothra's wings and the sound of her roar.
Moreover, she has a psychic connection with the twin sisters born into each generation of the Chen family. Their bond is an ancient one: note the statues flanking her egg in the Temple of the Moth. The novelization suggests that this link extends to Madison Russell, who has a vision of Mothra while lying unconscious in the ruins of her old house in Boston.
Mothra's capable of reproducing asexually, allowing her to survive as a lineage in perpetuity. When a new individual is born, she isn't simply a new offspring but a reincarnation, with all of her memories passed on genetically.
King Ghidorah's signature weapon are his golden bio-electrical gravity beams. These beams vaporize human beings instantaneously and deal incredible damage to other Titans. Godzilla was knocked off his feet by them, while Rodan was dispatched by a direct blast from just one. A point-blank blast from all three heads completely disintegrated Mothra.
King Ghidorah has an affinity for electricity, granted by the highly conductive properties of his scales, which contain trace amounts of gold. He can generate powerful storms around himself, which project lightning that disintegrates organic life. He grew more powerful after absorbing electricity from a power station in Boston, discharging lightning bolts from his wings that obliterated surrounding aircraft and even disoriented Godzilla.
King Ghidorah could siphon energy through his bite. After the wounded Godzilla absorbed energy from Mothra's ashes, Ghidorah bit down on him and started absorbing it - visible as a red glow traveling through his necks. Hm… Keizer Ghidorah, much?
Thanks to his bizarre alien biology, King Ghidorah possesses extremely potent regeneration. After having his left head torn off by Godzilla, Ghidorah completely regrew it in a matter of moments. Because the majority of his neurons are distributed throughout his body like an octopus', the new head had the same memories and personality as the old one. Ghidorah's healing factor was demonstrated again in Boston, when holes in his wings visibly healed as he launched lightning from them.
Accidental Foreshadowing: "Godzilla: King of the Monsters" is not the first Warner Bros. film where Godzilla battled King Ghidorah. That distinction goes to 1985's "Pee-wee's Big Adventure", which went a prophetic step further by staging their battle on the Warner Bros. studio lot. The Yokohama set in "GMK" also features a WB sign. And, Mothra's name appears briefly in "Godzilla" (2014), as a pair of stickers on an insect terrarium in the Brody family's long-abandoned Janjira apartment.
One With Three Heads: The shooting script for "Kong: Skull Island" called for Iwi artwork of a three-headed monster living beneath Skull Island. The novelization kept this detail, but steered clear of describing any Toho monsters during the post-credits scene.
It Runs in the Family: The Chen twins are, of course, a reference to Mothra's tiny priestesses in the Toho movies, typically called the Shobijin. Their hairstyles also recall Miki Saegusa and the Cosmos in "Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla", though that may be a coincidence.
Numbers Game: The numbers for the Monarch outposts built around Mothra, King Ghidorah, and Rodan all have special significance. Outpost 32 in Antarctica references the 1982 film "The Thing," which takes place at Outpost 31. It's also half of 64, with 1964 being the year King Ghidorah made his debut. Outpost 56 in Mexico and Outpost 61 in China recall the years Rodan and Mothra made their own debuts. By the way, although we never go inside Outpost 56 in the movie, there is some concept art of it showing murals and a Monarch facility.
That wraps up the main part of the MonsterVerse Rodan, Mothra, and King Ghidorah. We originally planned to profile this trio shortly after "Godzilla: King of the Monsters" hit Blu-ray, then after "Godzilla vs. Kong" came out in case any of them turned out to be in it. But with the movie delayed and no sign of them in the Playmates and Funko toys, it was time to just go for it. Thanks for bearing with us—we'll see you next time!
Design transcript[edit source]
Hey kaiju fans, I'm The Boy Who Cried Godzilla. Today—to round out our coverage of the MonsterVerse Ghidorah, Mothra, and Rodan—we're talking about how director Mike Dougherty, and the army of artists at his command, updated these three classic kaiju for "Godzilla: King of the Monsters"!
Legendary licensed King Ghidorah, Mothra, and Rodan from Toho in 2014, well before they hired Dougherty. While the company didn't mandate that he use them, he said learning that he could was "like Christmas morning." It was a "Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster" reunion, except this time the sides would be even.https://youtu.be/66jlU5l0MgI
Legacy Effects, Amalgamated Dynamic Incorporated, and Half M.T. were all involved in designing the Titans, with instructions to make them look mythical with recognizable silhouettes. Per Dougherty in his audio commentary of the movie, the four main Titans were each meant to embody a different element. [KATARA: Water… Earth… Fire… Air.] The artists used a combination of traditional concept art, clay models, ZBrush, and Maya to arrive at the final designs. Of course, those designs were the subject of furious fan speculation even before the cave paintings in "Kong: Skull Island," up 'til Legendary and S.H. MonsterArts revealed them in full at Tokyo Comic Con 2018. Adding fuel to the fire, a NECA Mothra figure, a Rodan maquette, and possibly a CG Ghidorah model all leaked online before then.
Obviously the Titans weren't present on set, but to help the actors react, Dougherty blasted their roars using a device he called "Behemoth" and "Voice of God." LED screens representing the monsters' bioluminescence allowed for more natural lighting. Under the supervision of Guillaume Rocheron, seven companies worked on the 1,535 visual effect shots for "Godzilla: King of the Monsters": MPC, Double Negative, Ollin VFX, RodeoFX, Method Studios, Raynault VFX, and Savage VFX. According to Rocheron, MPC handled "most of the battle scenes" and created models for the four main monsters. The end credits listed the four Titans as playing themselves, the first Godzilla movie to include such a joke, but credited the actors who provided motion-capture reference further down.
GHIDORAH[edit source]
Though clearly recognizable as Godzilla's arch-rival, Legendary's King Ghidorah deviated from past designs in two key ways: a more muscular chest to support his three necks and a willingness to walk on his wings like a bat. Early concepts explored emphasizing the creature's extraterrestrial origins, but a more traditional design won out. According to sculptor Simon Lee, "I didn't want the creature to have the wings spread all the time, as that can actually create a problem with the camera framing, because of how big he is." Lee made nearly 60 concept sculptures of Ghidorah, including the final maquette, with Timothy Martin making some final tweaks during production. The artists were inspired by Asian dragons, reptiles, bats, dinosaurs, giraffes, horses, and various marine life. Once Ghidorah's design progressed to 3D modelling, his wings took on the texture of a bat, while his skin drew from corn snakes, iguanas, and chameleons. In addition, Half M.T. co-owner Miguel Ortega noted that rust and potatoes were useful for all the monsters, since "there's something about [them] that your brain knows is created by nature, as opposed to by hand."
At one point in his life, Dougherty owned three dogs, each with their own temperament. Ghidorah's heads followed suit, with a commanding center head, aggressive right head, and curious left head. Dougherty nicknamed them Ichi, Ni, and San respectively, though fans embraced a different sobriquet for the left head… Kevin, as the director jokingly tweeted. A different actor played each of Ghidorah's heads for motion capture reference: Jason Liles in the center, Richard Dorton on the left, and Alan Maxson on the right. Rocheron explained that this helped the animators understand "how 3 different brains perform the same action at the same time." For battles against Godzilla, they worked with TJ Storm, reprising his role from the 2014 film. Liles had experience in the genre as well, having played George in "Rampage." In an interview with Jadeen Mercado of Nerd Alert News, he recounted the day that one of Dougherty's dogs visited the set. Much as Ghidorah whipped Titans around the world into a frenzy, the actors' performances were compelling enough to drive him "berserk […] barking like crazy" as the staff tried to calm him.
With three heads, a pair of wings, and two tails, rigging and animating Ghidorah was no easy task, even in the previz stage. The filmmakers based his fighting style on bears and Komodo dragons, giving him overlap with Godzilla. One of his most devastating moves was inspired by golden eagles, who kill goats by picking them up and dropping them off mountains. There was one physical Ghidorah prop on set, which was ultimately cut from the movie: a tooth that Madison backed into while trying to evade him in Fenway Park.
Snake hisses went into his new roars, and if you listen closely, you can hear his Showa-era "flying sound" just before he touches down in Boston… and later, one of his Heisei-era grunts.
MOTHRA[edit source]
Dougherty regarded Mothra as the most difficult monster to redesign. He directed his team to give Mothra more physicality than previous incarnations, and they came up with a wasp-like stinger and mantis-like spiked forearms. These weapons would look out of place on most Toho Mothras, but the designers opted to make her body more sleek and streamlined, closer in proportions to a real insect. Early designs proved to look too tank-like; they settled on something closer to a jet fighter. Elements of dragonfly wings, hornets, butterflies, and of course, moths went into her new look. Dougherty also revisited "Starship Troopers," presumably for the Brain Bug. The spots on her wings were patterned after Godzilla's eyes to allude to their symbiotic relationship.
Mothra is one of the few explicitly female kaiju, and Dougherty wanted her body to look like an "old vase." According to Legacy FX member Luca Nemolato, "The idea was that this civilization in the past had seen her and been inspired by these shapes to create their fertility gods, and she's the mother queen of them." Cast and crew alike regarded Mothra as a more spiritual, even angelic monster, representing "Mother Nature's protector," and a perpetual cycle of death and rebirth. But she also had to look dangerous, necessitating a delicate balance in her features. Needless to say, it can be difficult for a human audience to glean much emotion from the face of a moth, so the animators developed a highly advanced face rig for her model. Her mandibles, wings, and legs all helped her emote as well.
Mothra's larval form really only appears in a single scene, but her design still required great care, going through "a zillion different versions" in the words of Ortega. The first monster in the film audiences see for an extended period, she needed to go from scaring them to charming them in a matter of seconds. As insect larvae don't have much in the way of faces, the designers had to weld together aspects from several larvae and adult insects to give her eyes and a mouth. Even though she was a newborn, the team wanted her to still feel tough, so they armed her with claws (a big step up from the itty-bitty legs of all past Mothra larvae) as well as armored plates.
Though all four of the movie's main Titans have bioluminescence, Mothra's is the most extreme. As a larva, she emits orange light when alarmed, red when enraged, and blue when calmed, a nod to the larvae in "Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S." changing their eye color when their mother died. Dougherty wanted the imago to leave trails of luminous dust that gave her a comet-like tail as she flew, but in the interest of not having every scene be overpowered by her presence, he opted to have it disperse as she flew and mix in with surrounding clouds.
In an alternate post-credits scene that was storyboarded but never filmed, Monarch brought Mothra's egg to a hidden chamber in Tokyo, where Chen's daughters sang to it. We would have put this in the last video, but Dougherty posted about it just hours before the upload finished.
RODAN[edit source]
Mike Dougherty holds Rodan in high regard, but even he admitted that the kaiju has "always been more of a sidekick. He's a henchmonster." In one version of the story, Rodan defected to Godzilla's side to oppose Ghidorah, but to switch up expectations, he stuck with Monster Zero for as long as he could in the film.
In Rodan's debut, he and his mate seemingly perished in Mt. Aso, and either he or his offspring emerged from that same volcano in "Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster." Dougherty wanted him to live in a volcano again—and look the part, with wings covered in cooled magma. The sparks and lava falling from his wings also helped him evoke the image of a phoenix. One piece of concept art by Christopher Shy even showed him spitting fire, and he seems to have a breath weapon of some kind in the "Kong: Skull Island" cave painting as well. Why was that dropped? Toho seems reluctant to depict regular Rodan spitting any weapon, only ever giving one to the separately trademarked Fire Rodan; the monster's wind breath seen in the original film has never returned either. Influences from the animal kingdom included pterosaurs (of course), turkey vultures, eagles, hawks, and the feet of ostriches. Matt Allsopp, returning from the 2014 film, recalled that the artists quickly realized they had to steer clear of anything that looked too much like the male MUTO. Some concepts even gave Rodan feathers, which would have been a first for the character - and a nice callback to the unused feather-winged Rodan designs all the way from 1956. Tim Martin of ADI included the feathers in his maquette, dubbed the "final maquette" in the artbook, though they were ultimately removed.
Rodan's awakening and battle with Monarch was one of the first sequences to go through previz. Outpost 56 restrained him with giant harpoon guns in this version, only for Monarch's own jets to blow them up so they could lure him towards Ghidorah. The animators based his fighting style on eagles, with The Third Floor supervisor Andrew Honacker describing him as a "drunken brawler" as well. His new roars were derived from recordings of owls, penguins, vultures, and some cranes Dougherty's mother filmed in her backyard.
Dougherty didn't originally plan to use any motion-capture for Rodan, but he decided to let Jason Liles have a try at the end of a day of filming. Sadly, we haven't found any images of that session, and the credits don't mention it either.
That's all she wrote for Godzilla's co-stars in "King of the Monsters." Check out the rest of the trio's Kaiju Profile if you haven't already… or if you have, maybe take a look at our MUTO profile! If you're in the mood for something a little different, you could watch our MonsterVerse timeline, presented from an in-universe perspective. To read up on more than what is covered in these videos, you can always check out wikizilla.org's pages… and for those asking when we'll be releasing updated profiles on the MonsterVerse Godzilla or Kong: they will be done after "Godzilla vs. Kong" is out on Blu-ray. With all of that said, thank you for watching all the way to the end. See ya!
King Ghidorah/Legendary
Mothra/Legendary
Rodan/Legendary
Godzilla: King of the Monsters/Development
Kaiju Profile video link.
Creating Kaiju video link.
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Arias To Represent Herself
Published at 13:57, Aug 05 2014
PHOENIX — A judge ruled Aug. 4 that Jodi Arias can represent herself in the upcoming penalty phase of her murder trial, where jurors will decide whether she is put to death for killing her ex-boyfriend.
Arias, 34, was convicted of first-degree murder last year in the 2008 killing of Travis Alexander, but jurors couldn't reach a decision on sentencing.
Under Arizona law, while Arias' murder conviction stands, prosecutors have the option of putting on a second penalty phase with a new jury in an effort to secure the death penalty.
Arias, who has long clashed with her defense lawyers and tried to fire them previously, asked Judge Sherry Stephens to let her serve as her own lawyer during the second penalty phase set for Sept. 8. Stephens granted the request but said there would be no delays.
"I do not believe it is in your best interest … I strongly urge you to reconsider," Stephens told Arias before granting the motion.
Arias will now have the task of arguing a death penalty case just four weeks from now despite having no legal experience and no college degree or high school diploma. Arias got her GED in jail.
Her defense lawyers will remain on as advisory council. They declined to comment on the latest developments. Prosecutors also declined comment.
Experts say the move might not be such a bad idea given the gruesome nature of the crime. Arias admitted killing Alexander at his suburban Phoenix home but said it was self-defense.
He was stabbed nearly 30 times, had his throat slit and was shot in the forehead. Prosecutors argued it was premeditated murder carried out in a jealous rage when Alexander wanted to end their affair.
"It's actually probably a good idea to represent herself," said San Francisco-area defense attorney Daniel Horowitz. "She looks like a vicious psychopath with a ridiculous defense." However, Horowitz noted, the jury "may find her pathetic."
"If she can get just one juror to bond with her on some level, even if they hate her, they're getting to know her, and it's harder to kill someone you know," he said.
The five-month trial that began in January 2013 provided seemingly endless amounts of cable TV and tabloid fodder, including a recorded phone sex call between Arias and the victim, nude photos, bloody crime-scene pictures and a defendant who described her life story in intimate detail over 18 days on the witness stand.
Arias told jurors of an abusive childhood, cheating boyfriends, dead-end jobs, her sexual relationship with Alexander and her contention that he had grown physically violent.
"They thought she was a liar. She was narcissistic. She was arrogant, and it made it easy to convict her," Horowitz said. "But that's a lot different than killing somebody."
Phoenix defense lawyer Mel McDonald, a former Maricopa County judge and federal prosecutor, agreed that Arias doesn't have much to lose.
"I think generally that anybody that represents themselves has a fool for a client, but it also gives her a way, if she's out there making a fool of herself, to maybe invoke some sympathy from a juror," McDonald said.
Arias' feud with her attorneys has been ongoing since early in the case and intensified after she gave a series of media interviews following her conviction in May 2013. Her lawyers have tried to withdraw several times, but the judge has rebuffed their requests.
If the new jury fails to reach a unanimous decision, the death penalty will be removed from consideration. The judge would then sentence Arias to spend her life behind bars or to be eligible for release after 25 years.
The post Arias To Represent Herself appeared first on The National Herald.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The design that started it all!
Reggie and Lou started the Just Ask! Foundation over a decade ago with the simple idea of going out to local sporting events, festivals, and other gatherings wearing this design, to encourage people to ask Reggie about NF. And boy, did it work!
Now you can support Reggie's and the foundation's mission and help start your own conversations about NF!
Available in the original gray and a whole rainbow of other colors, sizes S to 4XL.


Where can I download your applications?
Why can't I find my high score in Curvy?
Please select the application you wish to download from below.
We continually work to improve the capabilities of our products. Currently Curvy does not have a scoring system. If you are interested in seeing one, please make sure to contact us. If you have any suggestions on scoring methods please forward them our way as well.


No one has been injured after a train collided with a dump truck on the 256 Road near Montney.
The incident happened just before 2 p.m. Friday at a marked railway crossing.
The train hit a trailer that the dump truck was towing.
The road is currently open to alternating traffic.


Equapan – an 18 litre multifunctional system that can be used to fry, grill, pan work, simmer, saute, braise, steam and boil. This allows operators to do away with various independent units.
Precipan – an ultra-fast twin braising pan that utilises Bonnets intelligent Heating Technology (IHT). Controlled by a new touch-sensitive FastPad screen. IHT negates the need for preheating so it can be used instantly, there are eight cooking modes and three temperature zones.
Minijet Combo – A compact combination oven with exceptional performance and build quality. The unit has an automatic cleaning system incorporated into the design and a VisoPad interface which offers operators control, precision cooking and flexibility.
FridgeBloc – The FridgeBloc will sit seamlessly flush with all modules in the Bonnet kitchen concept, it keeps all ingredients within arm's reach for effective service and is compact at only 500mm wide but with a 90 litre capacity. The unit also has flush top access which doubles as prep space.
The Hobart cooking ranges will be coming to the website soon. In the meantime if you need any information or would like to discuss your requirements please contact us on 01582 865050.


text:
Introducing Our New Podcast, On Orbit
Jeffrey Hill
Via Satellite's On Orbit podcast logo (designed by Charisma Burghouts)
Via Satellite has launched the first three episodes of On Orbit, a new bi-weekly space technology podcast that asks listeners, "What's your business in space?"
Hosted by Via Satellite Executive Editor and SATELLITE Chair Jeffrey Hill, On Orbit is unique from other space-themed podcasts as it doesn't focus exclusively on space exploration, or the latest space industry news. On Orbit is a problem-solving podcast, with a mission to educate listeners on the real human value of space and satellite technology. Each 30- to 45-minute episode will focus on a single technological, economical, or environmental challenge that those within and outside of the space industry face on Earth (digital divide, impact of climate change, disaster relief, business sustainability, operational efficiencies, etc.).
The first episode of On Orbit, "Bridging the Digital Divide," features Geeks Without Frontiers (GWF) CEO David Hartshorn in a discussion about the growing economic disparities between those with and without access to "affordable" high-speed internet. Hartshorn explains why the digital divide issue has dragged out, what role satellites play in bridging the gap, and GWF's role in educating the public and facilitating viable hybrid network solutions to the divide.
You can listen to our pilot episode here:
In our second episode, "Launching Thousands of Smallsats," we're joined by Spire Launch Manager Jenny Barna, who helps us understand the unique challenges faced by constellation operators looking to orbit thousands of spacecraft in a short period of time. We ask Jenny why the satellite industry can't just sent satellites into orbit whenever they want, and her answer is quite surprising in its simplicity! Jeff also speaks to Via Satellite editorial director Mark Holmes about the highlights of the first two days of the SATELLITE 2019 exhibition and conference in Washington D.C.
You can listen to On-Orbit episode 2 here:
NOTE - Please excuse the background noise during the interviews. We were recording on the SATELLITE 2019 show floor during operating hours.
Episodes of On Orbit are free to listen to and available to download on the Via Satellite website, and will soon be available on popular podcast services such as iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, SoundCloud, etc.


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Dunno, the world e.g. masses can actually welcome that kind of future. Gladly it should not kill current "independent" distributions like Gentoo, Arch, Redhat, SuSe, Debian and 100 other projects.
There is (probably) a person called John Smith. "Smith" is his surname and gives crucial information about his family, without whom he wouldn't exist. His friends all call him John though because they all know who John is, they know who his family are and don't need to specify that every time they mention him. When John is interviewed for a newspaper article, the article probably mentions him as John Smith at some point, but from then on simply refers to him as John, because we all know who they are referring to.
A name is a name, it serves the purpose of identifying something. When there is ambiguity as to which Linux you are referring to, then additional information may be given, Ie Arch Linux or Ubuntu Linux. Even then they are usually just called Arch or Ubuntu, as the Linux is implied as they don't create anything else. A time may come when there is an alternative to GNU and the GNU cannot simply be implied. In which case, then referring to GNU/linux where there may be confusion with another form of Linux will make sense. Although if Hurd doesn't go anywhere, we would probably just call it GNU as the Linux would be implied.
My point is that a name is there for identification. When I use the term Linux, people know what I am referring to, therefore calling it Linux is fine. Sure, if you want the full name to be GNU/Linux, then I have no objection to that, GNU/Linux is the term for the GNU OS with the linux kernel. But in the same way it is perfectly acceptable to refer to John Smith as John amongst people who know who you are reffing to, it is perfectly acceptable to refer to GNU/Linux as Linux.
I prefer to call it "Collection of Bits". How about that? Why "Linux", when its about bits?
I see the writing on the wall and I can sense where Canonical's little coup is leading them. I'd rather not wake up in a world where there are three behemoth OS vendors (Microsoft, Apple, Canonical) all with their own ways of being self serving to the detriment of their users and traditional Linux distro's now having to fight three nuisances instead of two.
The dream was to have a few major distro's on equal footing so the coopetition kept them honest and the users would benefit from this power balance. Canonical up ends this by deliberately setting a course to be incompatible with the very ecosystem that bootstrapped them.
This isn't about any of those things. This is about that particular site not being very useful. There are better ways to communicate with developers about what features are wanted now from both technical and non-technical users via Launchpad and the Ubuntu Store. Brainstorm served a niche usecase that no longer exists.
IIRC Dell used Brainstorm to develop features for it's Ubuntu based latops, though I don't know any details.
you need to come back to the real world.
If ubuntu doesn't do something BIG soon, then the only "resemblance" of a linux distro for the masses will just be Android or chromeOS, which are incompatible with most of the linux tools and ecosystems.
"The dream was to have a few major distro's on equal footing so the coopetition kept them honest and the users would benefit from this power balance."
So your dream is to have the 1% distributed upon the major distros = 0.15% each ? YeS! I can now sense the balance of incredible powers!
The land of OZ is awesome.
Last edited by madjr; 05-14-2013, 09:10 AM.
I on the other hand hope they succeed. Even though I don't actually use Ubuntu. The reason I want them to have a big market share is that this would increase software support. If it runs in Ubuntu, it most probably can be made to run on other Linux distros as well.
No, it would have been nice if the general populace would have pulled their heads out of their butts and just picked their own preference of distro out of the available supply, but as the lemmings they are they just pick the one that screams the loudest and then they convince themselves that that is the only thing that lets them do any computing. Nevermind that Ubuntu is just a run of the mill, mediocre Linux distro for now (it could stop being a Linux distro).
Doesn't matter. Now we just have to contend with Windows users, Mac OS X users and Ubuntu users. The elusive Linux user will just keep on trucking.
Well.. duh, if there's a lack of an ecosystem, nobody would adopt it because of MS's monopoly, so you really can't help but pull an Apple. "Larger Linux ecosystem"? Honestly, if Canonical/Ubuntu didn't exist, I probably would be using Windows 8, and don't call it an ecosystem, as Linux has too much diversity when it comes to customization and lack of compatibility with legacy (both Windows and native) apps/programs. Also, forcing stuff on people is pretty much the way to get people to change, saying all the good stuff about your OS will pretty much get a whole flock of people that just hate Windows 8 and are willing to change without spending a fortune on OS X.


text:
Q: How can I display this array on the page? I am trying to display an array of news articles on the page and getting an error:

Unhandled Rejection (TypeError): this.state.newsPost.map is not a function

and this is my code that i am running:

import React, { Component } from 'react'
import { Container, Row, Col } from 'bootstrap-4-react';
import News from '../Articles/News';
import Post from '../Posts/Post/Post';
import axios from 'axios';
const REACT_APP_NEWS_ARTICLE_API = process.env.REACT_APP_NEWS_ARTICLE_API

export default class Body extends Component {
  constructor(props){
    super(props)

    this.state = {
      posts: [{}],
      newsPost: [{}]

    }
  }

  componentDidMount = (props) => {
    axios.all([axios.get(`${process.env.REACT_APP_SERVER_URL}/posts`),
    axios.get(`https://newsapi.org/v2/top-headlines?sources=techcrunch&apiKey=${REACT_APP_NEWS_ARTICLE_API}`)])
      .then(axios.spread((...responses) => {
        const responseOne = responses[0]
        const responseTwo = responses[1]

        this.setState({
          posts: responseOne.data,
          newsPost: responseTwo.data
        })
      }

      ))

  };

  render() {
    console.log(this.state.newsPost) //returns an array of articles

    return (
      <Container id="bodycontainer" className="container">
        <Row className="technews">
        // This is the loop that's returning the error
        {this.state.newsPost.map((item) => {
          <div key={item.id} className="technewsitem">
            {item}
          </div>
        })}
        </Row>
      </Container>
    )
  }
}

How can I run the code in order to display the array on the page, any pointers is greatly appreciated.

A: *

*Check if the value you are assigning to newsPost inside componentDidMount() is an Array

*Check data is an Array then use array methods

1

newPost && Array.isArray(newPost) ? newPost.map((value,index)=>{
//code
}):<></>

2

    newPost.length>0 ? newPost.map((value,index)=>{
//code
}):<></>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Z-DNA-binding protein-1 (ZBP1), also known as, DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors (DAI) was reported to initiate innate immune responses in murine L929 cells upon stimulation by multiple types of exogenously added DNA (Takaoka A et al 2007). Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was shown to stimulate ZBP1-mediated induction of IRF3 in human foreskin (DeFilippis VR et al 2010). ZBP1 was also implicated in activation of NF-kappaB pathways in human embryonic kidney HEK293T cells (Kaiser WJ et al 2008, Rebsamen M et al 2009). However, the role and importance ofZBP1 as dsDNA sensor remain controversial, since knocking down ZBP1 expression in other human or murine cell types by siRNA had very little effect on cellular responses to cytosolic DNA, suggesting the presence of alternative pathway (Wang ZC et al 2008, Lippmann J et al 2008). Tissue-specific expression of human ZBP1 also suggests that ZBP1 may function in cell-type specific way (Rothenburg S et al 2002).


text:
Q: jQuery get parameters from class and use them on functions I have two bits of code: a form and a jQuery function.
My problem is that I would like to get class attributes and use them on the form validation function. I am using Validity JS for validation.
This is what I have:
<input type="text" name="name" value="" id="field_01" class=".require().minLength(5)" />

and in the JS function:
var checks_to_apply = $("#field_01").attr("class").split(" "),
i, l;

var checks = "";

for (i = 0, l = checks_to_apply.length; i < l; i++) {

        checks += checks_to_apply[i];
    }
$("#field_01")+checks;
...
...

The right behaviour here is not respected.
This is what I get from a "checks" alert:
.require().minLength(5)

but executing in that way it is not the same as doing it directly in the jQuery function like:
$("#field_01").require().minLength(5);

Where am I wrong, I think that the problem in the method may be because it is seeing .require().minLength(5) as a string and not as jQuery code to execute.
Any idea on how to fix it, please?

A: as you are executing these functions on a particular object you would need to create the whole argument as an string and execute it via eval():
var checks_to_apply = $("#field_01").attr("class").split(" "),
i,
l;

var checks = "$('#field_01')";

for (i = 0, l = checks_to_apply.length; i < l; i++) {
   checks += checks_to_apply[i];
}
eval(checks);

But i would advise you to use a different validation plugin, because you are misusing the class attribute: Check out http://jquery.bassistance.de/validate/demo/ for a much better and cleaner annotation.

A: Most probably you want something like this
Firstly change here class="require minLength" minlengthdata="5"
    var classes = $('#field_01').attr('class').split(" ");
    var data = $('#field_01').attr('minlengthdata');

   for (i = 0, i < classes ;  i++) {
      if(classes[i] == 'require'){
   alert('its a requred field');
        }
    if(classes[i] == 'minLength' && data > 0){
   alert('minimum value required');
        }

  }


Cool off this summer with these easy, homemade frozen desserts! Delicious ideas and recipes from ice cream to pie to frozen fruit treats.
There's nothing better on a hot summer day than indulging in a delicious frozen dessert! From ice pops to ice cream pies and frozen yogurt, these easy homemade treats will help you stay cool all summer long.
Crafts & Activities – all things Summer – kid activities, patriotic crafts, and outdoor fun. Farmhouse crafts/DIY projects.
This entry was posted in Made It Myself, Merry Monday Link Party, What's Cooking on July 1, 2018 by Two Purple Couches.
Thank you for including my Peach Yogurt Emily!! Have a great week!


text:
Home EVs Toyota invests in UK for fifth generation hybrid electric powertrain
Toyota invests in UK for fifth generation hybrid electric powertrain
Toyota is investing in its UK engine plant to support the start of European production of its fifth generation hybrid electric powertrain.
The firm's factory in Deeside, North Wales, is benefiting from a £465,000 sum to upgrade the assembly line for the 1.8-litre petrol engine featured in the new system.
Toyota's latest hybrid technology will debut in 2023 in a new Corolla range, including Hatchback and Touring Sports models built at Burnaston in Derbyshire.
Engines from Toyota UK will also be used in the new Corolla Saloon, manufactured in Turkey.
The fifth generation powertrain uses lighter, more compact electric motors and, thanks to improved engine calibration, produces more power and improved performance and drivability.
Both 1.8 and 2.0-litre powertrains will be available, the 1.8 further offering lower CO2 emissions compared to the current system.
In addition, Toyota is investing £70 million in Toyota Motor Manufacturing Poland (TMMP), the European centre for production of the hybrid electric transmission, including motor-generators and electrical components.
The new generation technology replaces the fourth generation hybrid electric system produced by Toyota since 2016.
During this time, the company has accelerated its investment in hybrid technology and seen the overall electrified mix in its total European new car sales increase from 30 to 66 per cent.
Marvin Cooke, Toyota Motor Europe Executive Vice President for Manufacturing, said, "Toyota's affordable, low emission hybrid electrified vehicles have an important role to play in our pan-European multi-technology strategy, which seeks to help everyone reduce their carbon emissions.
"Hybrid technology now features in 85 and 70% respectively of the engines and transmissions produced at TMUK and TMMP, which is a reflection of the ever-growing customer demand for Toyota hybrid products."
EV powertrain
hybrid electric powertrain
Toyota EV powertrain
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Thousands of postgrads are signing up for UCU's free membership offer. UCU negotiates your pay, your contract and your pension. The more of us there are the stronger we can be in our negotiations with the vice-chancellors and their similarly well paid representatives. To join UCU for free see here.
Following recent merger talks with ASCHUFF (Associated Society of Condors and Hawks, Fur and Feather), Bath UCU has acquired a president not only of the branch, but on the branch, a dedicated militant of the class struggle, red in tooth and claw. ASCHUFF, founded by Big Jim Lark, brings a long history of industrial action and a welcome ability to eat the internal organs of class enemies.
Professor Yoda The Owl, well known for his role as a flying picket in the Mynahs' Strike, and author of the oral history "Magpie! Magpie! Magpie! Out! Out! Out!", is the first new member of staff taken on after management's reversal of policy on so-called Zero-Owl Contracts. Professor The Owl's presidency comes at a time of increased militancy on the branch, amidst staff concerns at uncontrolled rises in the pay of the Vice-Chaffinch at a time when ordinary members of staff are suffering real terms cuts to their chicken-feed.
The new branch president's first act has been to negotiate a reversal of the Bath Against Cats policy of opposing cats, in the interest of building a Popular Front Against Them Fecking Seagulls, a city-wide movement opposed to seagulls nicking chips and generally making life a misery for hard-working families and drunks.
A union source has refused to confirm or deny rumours that Professor The Owl would rather eat mice than University of Bath campus food.
"Marx my words, a vote for Jeremy Corvid as leader of the Liver party is a vote for hard-working raptors and against the creeping Blairism of Liz Kestrel and the accomodationism of Andy Bushtit and Yvette Condor", said Professor The Owl after a packed branch meeting agreed to endorse Corvid's leadership bid.
Young members, early career academics and researchers at the University of Bath now have a dedicated UCU branch rep. Harry Pitts, a PhD student and graduate teaching assistant in the Department of Social and Policy Sciences, took on the the new role in December.
If you want advice, help or support with any aspect of your work at the University of Bath, call in at our drop-in session.