With a background in Tourism and Media Fiona embraces every new challenge with passion and commitment. Fiona learned the ropes of the tourism industry whilst working for Qantas in the early days of her career, which ignited her love for travel. In 2010 Fiona's entrepreneurial skills came to the fore when she took the step to expand her parents' Cairns based family business into Brisbane, creating advertising based tourism maps of the region.
Relocating to Cairns and taking over the family business in 2012 on the passing of her father proved to be not only a great challenge, ...but afforded her the opportunity to transport the print based business into the new territories of digital media, with a high degree of success.
Her love of travel encouraged Fiona to join the international tourism networking organisation SKAL. Never one to do anything by half, Fiona quickly rose through the ranks and is now currently the SKAL Australia National President.
In February 2015 Fiona embarked on her latest and greatest challenge, the creation of cherrygift. If hard work and resilience are the ingredients for success then cherrygift has a great future.


text:
RM765 on London's Regent Street back in 1996 and published with kind permission of Richard Grantham
Built at the Park Royal factory in West London RM765 entered service with London Transport at Edmonton Garage in April 1961, working on routes 127, 253 and 279.
Like all Routemasters, she paid regular visits to the London Transport overhaul works at Aldenham; it is here she would have been completely stripped, re-painted and had her worn parts replaced. We know her first overhaul was in 1965 with others taking place in 1968, 1972, 1975, 1977 and 1980.
After these overhauls and looking like new, it was usual practice for the buses to re-enter service at a different garage and therefore to serve a new set of routes. We know that during her working life RM765 saw service at Stamford Hill, South Croydon, Catford and Holloway bus garages.
Then in 1998 after 37 years of reliable public service, she was retired and sold for preservation. Since leaving service our bus has been lovingly restored back to her original 1960s Routemaster Red with authentic London Transport livery and destination blinds. Internally she looks just like she did when she entered service in 1961 with original red moquette seats, period advertising and yellow ceiling.
RM765 at Shepherds Bush Green in West London back in 1984 and published with kind permission of Moving Britain
Finally, in 2012 after 14 years without carrying any passengers she passed her class 6 MOT and once again became a fully licensed passenger-carrying vehicle.
RM548 worked the Capital's streets for 45 years making her one of London's longest serving Routemasters.
She entered service in December 1960 at Hanwell garage in West London serving routes 207 and 255. She too paid regular visits to Aldenham, where we know her first overhaul was carried out in 1964 with subsequent visits taking place in 1971, 1974, 1976, 1980 and 1985. In between these repairs she worked from Hackney, Upton Park, South Croydon, Poplar, Edmonton, Norwood and Brixton garages.
RM548 on London's Piccadilly by Green Park back in 2003 and published with kind permission of Graham Walker
RM548 on North End in Croydon back in 1977 and published with kind permission of Barry Walker
In 1994 RM548 was withdrawn and sold into private hands where she was used as a promotional vehicle for Yellow Pages and Marie Curie Cancer Care, but due to a shortage of Routemasters in London she was purchased back by London Transport and in 2002 was part of the Routemaster modernisation programme where she was sent to Marshalls of Cambridge for a complete re-build. Her AEC engine was replaced with a more modern Cummings unit and nearly all her traditional 1960s interior and styling was replaced with modern fixtures.
After modernisation, RM548 re-entered service in South London at Battersea and Brixton garages; it was here on the 9th December 2005 that she was one of the last Routemasters to operate on route 159 in front of the world's media on the final day of general Routemaster operations in London.
Finally, in 2006 some 46 years after first entering service, RM548 was retired and sold for preservation. In 2013 RM548 was also lovingly restored back to 1960s livery with original red moquette seats, period advertising and yellow ceiling.
RM1783 in Marble Arch in 1982 and reproduced with kind permission of Roger Norton
RM1783 is the only open topper in our fleet. She entered service with London Transport in January 1964, initially working from Middle Row Garage in Central London on route 7 which ran between Acton and London Bridge.
During her working life and in between overhauls at Aldenham RM1783 saw service at Walthamstow, South Croydon and Battersea bus garages.
After just 20 years service RM1783 was one of the first Routemasters to be withdrawn from London Transport and was sold to Rees Industries in Liverpool, but not before one final visit to Aldenham, where the London Transport fitters converted her to an open top bus for the 1984 Liverpool Garden Festival.
After a legal battle over her ownership, she returned to passenger duties in London to operate with the newly privatised London Sightseeing tour fleet based at Wandsworth garage, she remained there until 1992 when she was sold to the Bath Bus Company for further sightseeing service and in 2004 was sold again to Western Greyhound in Newquay, Cornwall where she was used during the holiday seasons in their heritage fleet.
Finally in 2011 some 47 years after first entering service RM1783 was retired from passenger service and sold for preservation.
RM1783 after being converted to an open top bus and painted white for the Liverpool Garden Festival
Since preservation RM1783 has had 3 private owners and for a number of years was a regular at bus rallies in London and the Southeast. In October 2014 we purchased RM1783 and has been put back into passenger carrying duties, as far as we know RM1783 is the only open top Routemaster currently available for private hire in North Wales and the Northwest.
We have tried to work out how many miles our three buses travelled during their working lives and how many people may have travelled in them – we estimate that both these figures are in the millions!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This week's instalment of Music Monday is Hot n Cold by Katy Perry from her 2008 album, One of the Boys. The Los Colorados version is from their album, Move It.
This was shared on Facebook by a couple of friends, so I thought I'd share it with you. It's easily better than the version with Elmo.
This entry was posted in Music Monday, People and tagged covers, Elmo, Katy Perry, Los Colorados, music, video.


text:
Q: How can I create a site using Pnp.core I am trying to crate a site using . This is the code:
using PnP.Framework;

TeamSiteCollectionCreationInformation modernteamSiteInfo = new TeamSiteCollectionCreationInformation
                    {
                        Description = siteDescription,
                        DisplayName = siteTitle,
                        Alias = siteUrl.AbsoluteUri,
                        IsPublic = true,
                        Lcid = (uint)lcid,
                    };
 var createModernSite = await clientContext.CreateSiteAsync(modernteamSiteInfo);

I am not really sure how to initiate the ClientContext because I think it should  use https://tenant-admin.sharepoint.com. How can I get the ClientContext object?
I tried to use the same object from the current ClientContext, but I got this error message:

App-Only is currently not supported, unless you provide a Microsoft
Graph Access Token.. StackTrace:    at
PnP.Framework.Sites.SiteCollection.CreateAsync(ClientContext
clientContext, TeamSiteCollectionCreationInformation
siteCollectionCreationInformation, Int32 delayAfterCreation, Int32
maxRetryCount, Int32 retryDelay, Boolean noWait, String
graphAccessToken, AzureEnvironment azureEnvironment)    at
Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.ClientContextExtensions.CreateSiteAsync(ClientContext
clientContext, TeamSiteCollectionCreationInformation
siteCollectionCreationInformation)

A: You can Create Sharepoint site using pnp core sdk like this.Before that You need to authentication for your application.
      var context = await _pnpContextFactory.CreateAsync("Default");

       var teamSiteToCreate = new TeamSiteOptions("Demo", "Demo")
       {
                Description = "My site description",
                Language = Language.English,
                Owners = new string[] { "test@xyz.onmicrosoft.com" },
       };

        SiteCreationOptions siteCreationOptions = new SiteCreationOptions()
        {
            UsingApplicationPermissions = true
        };

        var create = await context.GetSiteCollectionManager().CreateSiteCollectionAsync(teamSiteToCreate, siteCreationOptions);

        return Ok(Create.Uri);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


For use in dogs only. Recommended to support joint health.
SEE MANUFACTURER'S LABEL FOR ADDITIONAL PRODUCT INFORMATION AND SUPPLEMENT FACTS PANEL.
I thought I would give this product a try after my daughters dog experienced a skin lesion healing. I was amazed! In less than two weeks our dog had complete healing and I was able to cancel her vet appointment and potentiall surgery. I am extremely pleased with this product.
What happens if you don't refrigerate after opening?
BEST ANSWER: I did not refrigerate (due to not reading the label carefully) & continued to give it to my dogs for about 10 days . . . no ill effects . . . . your question brings up the idea of leaving gravy out on the counter . . . not a good idea, but a tightly covered container does do fairly well.


text:
Vancouver police seek suspects who targeted senior in loan shop robbery
"This appears to be a violent and targeted attack on a vulnerable member of our community."
Stephanie Ip
Vancouver police are seeking two suspects who allegedly followed a senior into a loan shop and later knocked him to the ground before robbing him.
Const. Steve Addison said the robbery took place on April 28 around 4 p.m. in the Commercial Drive and North Grandview Highway area.
In security footage released Thursday, the 77-year-old victim can be seen at the counter of My Ca$hMart conducting an exchange. Meanwhile, a man in a black-and-grey sweater can be seen standing in line behind the victim, with an arm on the counter while watching the transaction.
A second man enters the loan shop and stands next to the first man. When the senior notices the two men, he turns his back to them as if to block his transaction from view. As one of the two men leaves to speak on the phone, the senior finishes his transaction — collecting several hundred dollars — and exits the business.
VPD Const. Steve Addison briefs the media about the robbery of a 77-year-old man on Commercial Drive on April 28, 2019. The senior was knocked to the ground by two men and suffered injuries during the robbery. Jason Payne / PNG
VANCOUVER, B.C.: APRIL 28, 2019 — Vancouver Police are seeking the two suspects pictured in this surveillance footage. They are alleged to have followed a 77-year-old senior man into My Ca$hMart on Commercial Drive, and then into a grocery store before knocking him to the ground and stealing several hundred dollars. [PNG Merlin Archive] VANCOUVER POLICE / HANDOUT / PNG
According to police, the two suspects allegedly followed the senior into a grocery store and pretended to shop before knocking the senior to the ground after he left the store. The suspects took the victim's wallet, cash and identification. The victim suffered non-life threatening injuries.
"This appears to be a violent and targeted attack on a vulnerable member of our community," said Addison. "We would like these men to come forward, or for anyone who knows them to contact police, so we can talk about what happened."
Anyone with information, or who recognizes the individuals, is asked to call Vancouver police at 604-717-2541. Those hoping to remain anonymous can call 1-800-222-8477.
sip@postmedia.com
twitter.com/stephanie_ip
 Vancouver Weather: Mixed weather for the May long weekend Video shows man nearly crushed by SUV, boat at Port Moody...
Vancouver police seek suspects who targeted senior in loan shop robbery
Douglas Todd: Trudeau government goes silent on Syrian refugees


I'm having a sound problem. The little pop-up heads that come on to communicate with me are not speaking anymore. I can't see there lips moving either. I have sound in all other parts of the game, but for whatever reason I'm not getting any from the 'internal communications'.


text:
The Maze Runner (film)
The Maze Runner is a 2014 American dystopian science fiction film directed by Wes Ball, in his directorial debut, based on James Dashner's 2009 novel of the same name. The film is the first installment in The Maze Runner film series and was produced by Ellen Goldsmith-Vein, Wyck Godfrey, Marty Bowen, and Lee Stollman with a screenplay by Noah Oppenheim, Grant Pierce Myers, and T.S. Nowlin. The film stars Dylan O'Brien, Kaya Scodelario, Aml Ameen, Thomas Brodie-Sangster, Ki Hong Lee, Will Poulter, and Patricia Clarkson. The story follows sixteen-year-old Thomas, portrayed by O'Brien, who awakens in a rusty elevator with no memory of who he is, only to learn he's been delivered to the middle of an intricate maze, along with many other boys, who have been trying to find their way out of the ever-changing labyrinth — all while establishing a functioning society in what they call the Glade.
Development of The Maze Runner began in January 2011 when Fox purchased the film rights to Dashner's novel with film studios Temple Hill Entertainment and TSG Entertainment. Principal photography began in Baton Rouge, Louisiana on May 13, 2013 and officially concluded on July 12, 2013.
The Maze Runner was released on September 19, 2014 in the United States by 20th Century Fox. Critics considered it to be better than most young adult book-to-film adaptations. The film topped the box-office during its opening weekend with a $32.5 million debut, making it the seventh-highest grossing debut in September. The film earned over $348 million worldwide at the box-office, against its budget of $34 million.
A sequel, Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials, was released on September 18, 2015 in the United States. A third and final film, Maze Runner: The Death Cure, was released on January 26, 2018.
A teenager wakes up inside an underground elevator with no memory of his identity. A group of male youths greet him in a large grassy area called the "Glade" enclosed by tall stone walls. The boys ("Gladers") have formed a rudimentary society, with each assuming specialized tasks. Their leader, Alby, says that every boy eventually recalls his name but not his past. The boy learns that a vast Maze surrounding them is the only way out. During the day, designated Runners search the Maze for an escape route, returning before nightfall when the entrance closes. No one has ever survived a night in the Maze.
While in a competition with another boy named Gally, the boy suddenly remembers his name: Thomas. The next day, he is attacked by Ben, a Runner who has been stung and left delirious by a Griever – deadly techno-organic creatures that roam the Maze at night. Ben is forced into the Maze and left to die, as there is no cure for his condition. Alby and Minho, the lead Runner, later retrace Ben's steps inside the Maze. Minho reappears at dusk dragging Alby, who is stung, but they are unable to reach the closing entrance in time. Thomas runs into the Maze to help, leaving all three trapped. Thomas lures a Griever into a closing passageway, causing it to be crushed. The trio manages to survive the night, returning the next morning.
The first-ever girl arrives in the elevator, with a note saying that she is the last one to enter the Glade. She recognizes Thomas, though he cannot remember her. Thomas, Minho, Frypan, Winston, and Zart enter the Maze, locate the Griever corpse, and remove a beeping mechanical device from inside it. Gally claims Thomas has jeopardized the fragile peace between the youths and the Grievers and wants him punished, but Newt, the group's second-in-command, instead designates Thomas as a Runner. Minho shows Thomas a hand-constructed model of the Maze based on previous exploration. The Maze's numbered sections open and close in a regular sequence. Thomas realizes that the device corresponds to a section within the Maze.
The girl, Teresa, has two syringes filled with an unknown substance. One is used on Alby, and he recovers from the Griever sting. Minho and Thomas venture back into the Maze with the device and discover a possible exit. A laser then scans the two, and the exit closes. Thomas and Minho start to run away as traps activated by lasers nearly kill them. That night, the Maze entrance does not close while others open, letting Grievers pour in. A massacre ensues as the Gladers struggle to fight back or hide. Alby, Zart, Clint, and several others are killed.
Afterwards, Gally punches Thomas and blames him for everything that happened. Thomas, who has been having disconnected memory flashes since arriving, stabs himself with a severed Griever stinger in an attempt to revive his memory. The others inject him with the last anti-venom. Unconscious, he recalls that he and Teresa worked for the organization that created the Maze, W.C.K.D.; the boys unknowingly have been test subjects for an experiment. Thomas awakens and shares this information with Newt, Minho, Chuck, and Teresa. Thomas then reveals himself and Teresa, confessing that they worked with W.C.K.D. and studied the boys for years.
Meanwhile, Gally has taken command and intends to sacrifice Thomas and Teresa to the Grievers to restore peace. However, several Gladers form a group and free them. They then approach the Maze in an attempt to find an escape, while Gally and a few others refuse to leave. Fighting Grievers as they go, Jeff and several other Gladers are killed. The Gladers eventually enter a laboratory strewn with corpses. In a video recording, a woman named Ava Paige explains that the planet has been devastated by a massive solar flare, followed by a pandemic of a deadly virus called the Flare. The teens learn that they were part of an experiment studying for a cure. Paige is seen shooting herself on the screen as the lab is attacked by armed men.
Gally suddenly appears with a gun. Having been stung by a Griever, he insists they must stay in the Maze and aims at Thomas, but is pierced through the chest by Minho's spear, but not before Chuck is fatally shot. Masked armed men then rush in and take the rest of the group to a helicopter. It flies over a vast desert wasteland and approaches a ruined city. The scene ends with the supposedly-dead scientists meeting in a room. Paige notes that the experiment is successful; the survivors are now entering Phase Two.
Dylan O'Brien as Thomas, the last male to enter the Glade
Kaya Scodelario as Teresa, the first and only female Glader
Aml Ameen as Alby, the first male to enter the Glade and the leader of the Gladers
Thomas Brodie-Sangster as Newt, second-in-command of the Gladers
Ki Hong Lee as Minho, the head runner
Will Poulter as Gally
Patricia Clarkson as Ava Paige, the Head of W.C.K.D.
Blake Cooper as Chuck, a very young Glader
Dexter Darden as Frypan, a cook
Jacob Latimore as Jeff
Chris Sheffield as Ben, a runner
Joe Adler as Zart
Randall D. Cunningham as Clint
Alexander Flores as Winston
Don McManus as Masked Man, an armed soldier who rescues the Gladers
In an interview with Collider, director Wes Ball stated he had made a 3D computer-animated science fiction post-apocalyptic short film, titled Ruin, which he intended to use in order to gain access to Hollywood. He presented the short in 3D to 20th Century Fox. The studio initially considered a film adaptation of the short film, as it had the same tone of The Maze Runner novel they already planned to bring to the screen. Ball was then offered the chance to direct the novel adaptation. Creature designer Ken Barthelmey designed the monsters called Grievers for the film.
For the role of Teresa, Kaya Scodelario was Ball's first choice as she was "fantastic" and because he loved her in the TV show Skins. Dylan O'Brien, the lead role, was initially rejected by Ball. Ball recounts, "Dylan was actually… I saw him early on, very early on and I overlooked him. It was a big learning experience there, because I overlooked him because of his hair. He had Teen Wolf hair and I couldn't see past that and so we were looking for our Thomas and it's a tough role to make, because he comes in as a boy and he leaves as a man, so it can't be like this badass action star that comes into this movie. It's about vulnerability up front and then he comes out of it and comes into his own and then the next movies are about the leader that emerges from the group. So finally Fox says 'We just did this movie, The Internship. There's this kid that's in this thing. He's like 20 years old. We think he's kind of got something.' So I watched his tape and was like 'Wait a minute, I've seen this kid before.' I looked him up online and there was one picture of him with a totally shaved head and it's this sweet vulnerable looking kid and I was like 'Whoa, interesting.' I said, 'Wait a minute, he's just so familiar' and I looked back at my old audition tapes, which we had thousands of, and there's Dylan. That guy I said 'No, definitely not him.' So we brought him back in and we started to talk with him and I'm like 'he's the coolest dude ever.'" Blake Cooper entered the film via Twitter. Ball revealed a lot on Twitter, and many kids wanted to be Chuck. Cooper constantly bugged Ball, until Ball told him to give his tape to his casting director, and Ball was impressed by Cooper's tape and cast him.
Principal photography started in Baton Rouge, Louisiana on May 13, 2013, and officially ended on July 12, 2013. Post-production on the film was completed in June 2014.
Composed by John Paesano, the soundtrack consists of 21 tracks and was released on September 16, 2014.
The film was originally set to be released on February 14, 2014. On October 5, 2013, the film was pushed back. IMAX theaters released the film on September 19, 2014.
Eleven character cards for the film were released in July 2013. Starting in January 2014, director Wes Ball released one image from the film once a week, leading up to the film's first trailer release on March 17, 2014.[12] A viral marketing campaign launched by 20th Century Fox began on April 16, 2014. The campaign is a website featuring the main characters while focusing on W.C.K.D, an organization in Dashner's novel series of the same name. The website has the domain wckdisgood.com.
On June 26, 2014, Dylan O'Brien tweeted that the original The Maze Runner book would be re-released with a new book cover based on the film's poster. On July 29, 2014, the second trailer for the film was released exclusively on Yahoo! Movies.
The popularity of the film has resulted in many fan projects, the most prominent being Maze Runner Chat, a podcast featuring news discussions and occasional cast interviews. The podcast is produced by MazeRunnerFans.com, a popular fan website for the series.
The film grossed $102,427,862 in North America and more than $245.8 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $348.3 million.
Prior to its release in the U.S. and Canada, box office analysts predicted the film would be a box office success, citing effective marketing, good word-of-mouth publicity and a solid release date. Preliminary reports predicted the film would open with takings of over $30–32 million in North America. According to movie ticket sale website Fandango, The Maze Runner was the biggest seller accounting for more than 50% of early tickets sales. The film was released on September 19, 2014 in the United States and Canada across 3,604 locations and over 350 IMAX theaters. It earned $1.1 million from Thursday night shows, and $11.25 million on its opening day. It topped the box office on its opening weekend with $32.5 million of which 9% of the gross came from IMAX theaters. Its opening weekend gross is the seventh-highest for a film released in September, and the 18th highest for a young-adult book adaptation. The film earned a total of $102,272,088 at the North American box office becoming the twenty sixth highest-grossing film of 2014 in the U.S. and Canada.
Outside North America, the film debuted in five countries a week prior to its North American release and earned a total of $8.3 million. The film had a similar success overseas during its wide opening second weekend earning $38 million from 7,547 screens in 51 markets. It opened in South Korea with $5.5 million which is higher than the openings of The Hunger Games and Divergent, the UK, Ireland and Malta with $3.4 million behind Gone Girl, and China with $14.58 million behind Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Other high openings were witnessed in Russia and the CIS ($5.75 million), France ($5.2 million), Australia ($3.4 million), Mexico ($2.6 million), Taiwan ($2.2 million) and Brazil ($2 million).
It became the third highest-grossing film of all time in Malaysia for Fox (behind Avatar and X-Men: Days of Future Past).
Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes assigns the film a score of 65% based on 163 reviews, with an average rating of 5.9/10. The site's consensus states: "With strong acting, a solid premise, and a refreshingly dark approach to its dystopian setting, The Maze Runner stands out from the crowded field of YA sci-fi adventures". Metacritic gives the film a score of 57 out of 100, based on 34 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale. According to Tim Ryan of The Wall Street Journal, critics considered the film better than most young adult book-to-film adaptations due to its "strong performances and a creepy, mysterious atmosphere".
Rafer Guzman of Newsday gave the film a three out of four and described it as "solid, well crafted and entertaining". Christy Lemire of RogerEbert.com said she found the film intriguing, writing that "it tells us a story we think we've heard countless times before but with a refreshingly different tone and degree of detail". The Seattle Times's Soren Anderson said the film was "vastly superior to the book that inspired it" and gave it a score of 3/4. Tony Hicks of the San Jose Mercury News was "hooked by the combination of fine acting, intriguing premise and riveting scenery". Matthew Toomey of ABC Radio Brisbane gave the film a grade of A−, giving praise to its intriguing premise saying that "it held [his] attention for its full two hour running time". Justin Lowe of The Hollywood Reporter said it was "consistently engaging", and Ella Taylor of Variety wrote "as world-creation YA pictures go, The Maze Runner feels refreshingly low-tech and properly story-driven".
Michael O'Sullivan of The Washington Post said "The Maze Runner unravels a few mysteries, but it spins even more", giving it a 3/4. Stephen Whitty of the Newark Star-Ledger wrote "it does leave you wanting to see the next installment. And that's one special effect that very few YA movies ever pull off". Isaac Feldberg of We Got This Covered awarded the film 8/10 stars, calling it "dark, dangerous and uncommonly thrilling", while extolling it as "one of the most engaging YA adaptations to hit theaters in quite some time." Rick Bentley of the Fresno Bee praised Wes Ball's direction, saying that he "created balance between a thin but solid script and first-rate action – and he doesn't waste a frame doing it". Bill Zwecker of the Chicago Sun-Times called it "a well-acted and intelligent thriller/futuristic sci-fi romp". Bilge Ebiri of New York magazine said he "was quite riveted". Michael Sragow of the Orange County Register gave it a grade of "B" and said, "Ball is deft, though, at evoking claustrophobia of every kind, whether in the open-air prison of the Glade or the actual tight spaces of the Maze. And he elicits a hair-trigger performance from O'Brien"
Claudia Puig of USA Today said "a sci-fi thriller set in a vaguely post-apocalyptic future must create a fully drawn universe to thoroughly captivate the viewer. But Maze Runner feels only partially formed", giving it a score of 2/4. Time magazine's Richard Corliss said "like Jean-Paul Sartre's No Exit-tentialism, but more crowded and with the musk of bottled-up testosterone". Wesley Morris of the website Grantland said "I think I have a touch of apocalepsy – excessive sleepiness caused by prolonged exposure to three and four-part series in which adolescents rebel against oppressive governments represented by esteemed actors". Steven Rea of The Philadelphia Inquirer gave the film a 2.5 out of 4 rating and said "it's bleak business, and as it hurries toward its explosive, expository conclusion, the film becomes nonsensical, too". Film critic Ethan Gilsdorf of The Boston Globe said "teens should eat up this fantasy's scenery-chewing angst and doom, and the hopeful tale of survival and empowerment (to be continued in the inevitable sequel or sequels)".
The Maze Runner (series)
The Maze Runner | Official Final Trailer [HD] | 20th Century FOX


text:
Een paternoster of paternosterlift is een liftsysteem van opeenvolgende cabines, zonder deuren, die met geringe snelheid zonder onderbreking aan twee kettingen in één schacht omhoog en in een andere schacht omlaag bewegen.
De paternoster is een Engelse vinding, de eerste werd in 1876 in bedrijf gesteld (alleen voor goederen) in het General Post Office in Londen. In 1884 volgde de eerste paternoster voor het vervoer van mensen.

In de praktijk zijn de cabines uitgevoerd voor maximaal twee personen en is de snelheid ongeveer 0,3 meter per seconde. Er bestaat ook een uitvoering voor goederentransport, de paternosterkast. Het liftsysteem is verouderd; de laatste paternosters werden eind jaren 1960 geïnstalleerd. De naam paternosterlift (en paternosterkast) is ontleend aan het kralensnoer de rozenkrans, het traditionele rooms-katholieke gebedssnoer, waarin bepaalde kralen aangeven wanneer een paternoster (Onze Vader) wordt gebeden.

Kenmerken
Men kan in- of uitstappen zodra een cabine de verdieping nadert, dit vergt wel enige timing. De paternoster is niet geschikt voor mensen die slecht ter been zijn. Er mogen geen goederen mee worden vervoerd, behalve wat de passagier zelf in de hand kan dragen. Hierdoor raakt dit soort lift in snel tempo uit de gunst. Voor moderne hoge gebouwen schiet de capaciteit van het systeem tekort. Nieuwe paternosters worden daarom niet meer gebouwd en  oude worden steeds vaker buiten gebruik gesteld. De nog in werking zijnde paternosters kunnen in gebruik blijven zolang ze aan de geldende normen voldoen, daartoe dienen ze elke 18 maanden gekeurd te worden.

Het komt weleens voor dat passagiers in paniek raken als ze voorbij de bovenste of onderste verdieping reizen. Ze verwachten dat de kooi over de kop gaat, met letsel als gevolg. In werkelijkheid is er geen gevaar en blijft de liftkooi altijd rechtop. Alleen bij zogenoemde "bandpaternosters" is dit niet het geval en moet men echt op de bovenste of onderste etage afstappen. Deze werden in het verleden enkel toegepast in fabrieken en zijn thans vrijwel niet meer in gebruik.

Nederland

Nederlandse fabrikanten van paternosters waren Backer en Rueb v/h machinefabriek Breda, Figee uit Haarlem en Stork Hijsch uit Hengelo.

In Nederland waren in 2012 zeven paternosterliften te vinden, waarvan er nog enkele bedrijfsvaardig waren:
 In het voormalige Ziggogebouw in Den Haag aan het Spaarneplein, buiten gebruik (Stork Hijsch 1922, ombouw 1976 Starlift, schadeherstel 1999 Schindler). Op 13 april 2012 gebeurde hiermee een dodelijk ongeval toen een 81-jarige man tussen de lift en de muur bekneld raakte. Sindsdien is de lift buiten gebruik.
 In het Dudokhuis van Tata Steel Europe te IJmuiden, Eggers Kehrhan, 1957, stilgezet in 1999.
 In het HaKa-gebouw (het oude hoofdkantoor van de Coöperatieve Groothandelsvereniging de Handelskamer) aan de Vierhavensstraat in Rotterdam. Deze Hensen-Schindler-lift uit 1936 is sinds eind 2011 weer bedrijfsvaardig. De verdiepingen in het gebouw staan leeg. Om veiligheidsredenen kan de lift alleen worden bezocht met de beheerder van het gebouw. Op verzoek kan de lift voor belangstellenden in bedrijf worden gezet.
 In het voormalige belastingkantoor aan de Puntegaalstraat in Rotterdam, wordt alleen tijdens Open Monumentendag in bedrijf gezet, maar het gebruik ervan is verboden. Om dit te handhaven zijn er hekken voor de toegangen van de lift geplaatst. (Backer en Rueb Breda, 1948, ombouw december 1975 door De Reus BV.)
 In het voormalige hoofdpostkantoor aan de Coolsingel 42 in Rotterdam, stilgezet.
 In het Scheepvaarthuis (thans Grand Hotel Amrâth Amsterdam) in Amsterdam, werkend, op verzoek in gebruik, twee stuks. (Roux Combaluzier, 1928.)
 In het oude schoolgebouw aan de Mauritskade in Amsterdam, gebouw bestaat nog, of lift nog werkt, is onbekend.

Veel paternosters in Nederland zijn gesloopt, waaronder:
 Amsterdam:
 het voormalige gebouw van de Raad van Arbeid aan het Rhijnspoorplein;
 het Gemeentelijk Energie Bedrijf aan de Hoogte Kadijk;
 de Prinsenhof aan de Oudezijds Voorburgwal dat tot 1988 in gebruik was als stadhuis;
 het voormalig hoofdpostkantoor aan de Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal;
 het gebouw van de Centrale Markthallen aan de Jan van Galenstraat;
 het Hoofdbureau van Politie aan de Elandsgracht/ hoek Marnixstraat.
 Den Haag:
 het oude stadhuis aan het Burgemeester De Monchyplein;
 het voormalige Expeditieknooppunt van PTT Post aan de Rijswijkseweg 15 (twee stuks).
 Rotterdam:
 het stadhuis aan de Coolsingel;
 het politiebureau aan het Haagseveer;
 Eindhoven: Laboratorium 2 van het Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium.
 Utrecht: De Inktpot, het hoofdkantoor van ProRail.

België
In België zouden nog twee paternosterliften in werkende dienst zijn. Een daarvan wordt vandaag de dag nog gebruikt in een gebouw van de NMBS-groep aan het Station Brussel-Zuid. De andere bevindt zich in het Huis van de Vlaamse Volksvertegenwoordigers, dat voorheen de Postcheque huisvestte. Deze lift werkt nog maar is voor personen niet meer toegankelijk. Er zijn poppen in geplaatst en de lift wordt nog dagelijks aangezet om de werking ervan te tonen.

Duitsland, Oostenrijk en Zwitserland
De hoogste paternoster ter wereld was in de Duitse stad Keulen in het 65 meter hoge Hansahochhaus uit 1925. In 2015 waren in de Bondsrepubliek nog ca. 250 paternosters aanwezig, waarvan vele nog in bedrijf. Sinds 1974 mogen er in dat land geen nieuwe meer gebouwd worden. In Oostenrijk bevindt de oudste paternoster zich in Wenen. Hij dateert uit 1910 en is nog in gebruik. Elders in Wenen zijn nog zes andere paternosters. Nieuwbouw van dit soort liften is in Oostenrijk sinds medio 1965 niet meer toegestaan. In het Zwitserse Bern dateert de laatste nog werkende publieke paternosterlift uit 1974. Hij fungeert als publiekstrekker in modehuis Bayard.

Tsjechië
In Tsjechië zijn nog verschillende paternosterliften, ook in openbare gebouwen. In sommige gevallen (zoals een Praags gemeentekantoor) is er een moderne lift naast voor wie niet durft of geen gebruik kan maken van de paternoster.

Liftsysteem

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Dr. Michael Fink, DC is a sports medicine chiropractor in Pittsford, NY and has been practicing for 7 years. He graduated from New York Chiropractic College in 2012 and specializes in chiropractic sports medicine, sports medicine, and more.
How was your experience with Dr. Fink?


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52 published items with the word (s) or phrase Joseph Altuzarra in News, Trends, Videos, Photo galleries, Agenda and sorted by "date descending".
The Woolmark Prize chooses its five finalists
The International Woolmark prize has search the four corners of the world to find the best designers and has picked its finalists from Australia, Asia, and the India/Middle East region.
Altuzarra wins U.S. leg of the Woolmark Prize
New York-based designer Joseph Altuzarra was named winner of the U.S edition of the International Woolmark prize 2013/2014, the final of which will take place in February in Milan.
The Row and Altuzarra crowned at the CFDA Fashion Awards
The elite of American fashion bestowed its Fashion Awards 2012 in New York on 4th June. The Row, Altuzarra and Garance Doré achieved the highest accolades at the ceremony which was streamed live on the internet for th...
CFDA prepares a China exchange programme
The Council of Fashion Designers of America keeps expanding its horizons. Following the launch of a bi-annual showroom in Paris, the CFDA has announced the beginning of an exchange programme between American and Chine...


Rice Speir specialises in litigation and dispute resolution. We offer expertise in many areas of litigation, with particular emphasis on local government and insurance matters.
For the past four years our abilities have been recognised at the New Zealand Law Awards, where we have been a finalist in the Litigation and Dispute Resolution category.


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CALMAR S.S. CORPORATION v. TAYLOR.
58 S.Ct. 651
CALMAR S.S. CORPORATION
TAYLOR.*
No. 594.
Argued March 9, 1938.
Decided March 28, 1938.
Mr. Frank A. Bull, of New York City, for petitioner.
Mr. Abraham E. Freedman, of Philadelphia, Pa., for respondent.
Mr. Justice STONE delivered the opinion of the Court.
The question for decision is whether the duty of a shipowner to provide maintenance and cure for a seaman falling ill of an incurable disease while in its employ extends to the payment of a lump sum award sufficient to defray the cost of maintenance and cure for the remainder of his life.
Respondent was a member of the crew of petitioner's steamship Losmar. Following an injury to his foot, allegedly caused by stubbing his toe against an object lying on the floor of the boiler room where he was employed, respondent was found to be afflicted with thrombo angiitis obliterans, otherwise known as Buerger's disease, an incurable malady of the veins and arteries. It is attended by interruptions of the blood stream, with consequent malnutrition of the affected parts, producing lesions, deteriorating changes of the tissues, and gangrene. Medical treatment and amputation of the affected parts may halt the advance of the disease, but its manifestations are likely to recur in other parts of the body, and medical opinion is that the disease tends to be progressive and may ultimately cause death. Care and treatment at frequent intervals, with periodic medical observation of the patient, are of aid in arresting its progress.
After February 12, 1935, when respondent was first hospitalized, he was given treatment at various marine hospitals, in the course of which he suffered four amputations upon the right foot and leg. On October 3, 1935, after his leg had been amputated below the knee, he was discharged to the 'Outpatient Department to return at intervals for re-examination, and later to be fitted with an artificial limb.' Petitioner, from time to time, paid respondent small sums for maintenance and cure, continuing to do so until March 10, 1936, when they totaled $487. At about this time respondent brought the present suit in admiralty to recover maintenance and cure, and, in another count, for petitioner's negligence in causing the injury. The trial court found that petitioner was not negligent, but held that respondent is entitled to recover the cost of maintenance and medical treatment so long as such treatment is necessary, and that as his affliction is incurable, there should be a lump sum award based on his life expectancy. Its decree awarding a recovery of $7,000 was affirmed by the Court of Appeals. 3 Cir., 92 F.2d 84. Because of the importance of this question, we granted certiorari, 302 U.S. 681, 58 S.Ct. 408, 82 L.Ed. —-, but denied a cross-petition to review the Court of Appeals' affirmance of the decree for the shipowner on the negligence count. 303 U.S. 643, 58 S.Ct. 642, 82 L.Ed. —-.
The ancient duty of a vessel and her owner to provide maintenance and cure for seamen injured or falling ill while in service was recognized and, to some extent, defined by this Court in The Osceola, 189 U.S. 158, 175, 23 S.Ct. 483, 47 L.Ed. 760. See, also, Chelentis v. Luckenbach S.S. Co., 247 U.S. 372, 38 S.Ct. 501, 62 L.Ed. 1171; Pacific S.S. Co. v. Peterson, 278 U.S. 130, 49 S.Ct. 75, 73 L.Ed. 220. The duty, which arises from the contract of employment, Cortes v.Baltimore Insular Line, 287 U.S. 367, 371, 53 S.Ct. 173, 174, 77 L.Ed. 368, does not rest upon negligence or culpability on the part of the owner or master, Id; The City of Alexandria, D.C., 17 F. 390; The Mars, 3 Cir., 149 F. 729, 731; Sorensen v. Alaska S.S. Co., D.C., 243 F. 280, affirmed 9 Cir., 247 F. 294; Brown v. The Bradish Johnson, C.C., Fed.Cas.No.1992, 1 Woods 301, nor is it restricted to those cases where the seaman's employment is the cause of the injury or illness,The Wensleydale, D.C., injury or illness, The Wensleydale, D.C., F. 831. It is not an award of compensation for the disability suffered, The Wanderer, C.C., 20 F. 140, 143, although breach of the duty may render the owner liable for the consequential damages suffered by the seaman, Cortes v. Baltimore Insular Line, supra, 287 U.S. 367, at page 371, 53 S.Ct. 173, 174, 77 L.Ed. 368. The maintenance exacted is comparable to that to which the seaman is entitled while at sea, The Henry B. Fiske, D.C., 141 F. 188, 192; The Mars, D.C., 145 F. 446, 447, affirmed 3 Cir., 149 F. 729; The Bouker No. 2, supra, 2 Cir., 241 F. 831, at page 836, and 'cure' is care, including nursing and medical attention during such period as the duty continues, Whitney v. Olsen, 9 Cir., 108 F. 292, 297 and cases cited; Dougherty v. Thompson-Lockhart Co., D.C., 211 F. 224, 227.
In The Osceola, supra, this Court reserved the point whether the duty of maintenance and cure extends beyond the duration of the voyage, and that question, so far as this Court is concerned, remains an open one. The reasons underlying the rule, to which reference must be made in defining it, are those enumerated in the classic passage by Mr. Justice Story in Harden v. Gordon, C.C., Fed.Cas.No.6047: The protection of seamen, who, as a class, are poor, friendless and improvident from the hazards of illness and abandonment while ill in foreign ports; the inducement to masters and owners to protect the safety and health of seamen while in service; the maintenance of a merchant marine for the commercial service and maritime defense of the nation by inducing men to accept employment in an arduous and perilous service.
It is plain that in many cases these purposes will not be accomplished if the owner's duty to furnish maintenance and cure ends with the voyage. If the injury or illness outlasts it, the seaman may still be left helpless and uncared for in a foreign port. Even if he is returned to the home port the inducement to the owner to care for the health and safety of seamen during the voyage and the inducement to seamen to take the necessary risks of a hazardous calling will be materially lessened. The chances of their prompt restoration to a service whose preservation is in the public interest, will be diminished if the right to maintenance and cure ends with the voyage.
Tacit recognition is accorded these considerations in the great number of cases in the lower federal courts sustaining the right to maintenance and cure for a reasonable time after the voyage—'reasonable time' being appraised with reference to the special circumstances of each case. The Bouker No. 2, supra, 2 Cir., 241 F. 831, at page 835, and cases cited at page 834. It is true that in most of these cases the efficient cause of the injury or illness was some proven act of the seaman in the service of the ship, but there are others in which it was deemed enough that he was incapacitated when subject to the call of duty as a seaman, and that his incapacity continued after the voyage had ended. The Bouker No. 2, supra, 2 Cir., 241 F. 831, at page 835; The Wensleydale, supra.
We accept as supported by evidence, the finding of the District Court that respondent's disease and the amputations which he suffered were not caused by the injury to his foot. But we think that even in such a case, whether the seaman is at home or abroad, his right to maintenance and cure may outlast the voyage. The policy underlying the obligation, so cogently stated by Justice Story in Harden v. Gordon, supra, and the liberality with which admiralty courts have traditionally interpreted rules devised for the benefit and protection of seamen who are its wards, Robertson v. Baldwin, 165 U.S. 275, 287, 17 S.Ct. 326, 41 L.Ed. 715; Cortes v. Baltimore Insular Line, supra, 287 U.S. 367, at page 377, 53 S.Ct. 173, 176, 77 L.Ed. 368; The Arizona v. Anelich, 298 U.S. 110, 123, 56 S.Ct. 707, 711, 80 L.Ed. 1075, call for some extension of the duty beyond the term of service. The practical inconvenience and the attendant danger to seamen in the application of a rule which would encourage the attempt by master or owner to determine in advance of any maintenance and cure, whether the illness was caused by the employment, are manifest.
There remain the questions whether in the case of a chronic illness the duty continues so long as medical attendance and care are beneficial, until death if the need lasts so long, and whether a lump sum may be awarded to defray the cost of meeting the anticipated need.
In answering the first we lay to one side those cases where the incapacity is caused by the employment. As to them considerations not present here may apply, which might be thought to require a more liberal application of the rule than we think is called for in this case. Cf. Reed v. Canfield, C.C., Fed.Cas.No.11641, with the comments of Judge, later Justice, Brown in The J. F. Card, D.C., 43 F. 92, and see those of Judge Hough in The Bouker No. 2, supra, 2 Cir., 241 F. 831, at page 834. But we find no support in the policies which have generated the doctrine for holding that it imposes on the shipowner an indefinitely continuing obligation to furnish medical care to a seaman afflicted with an incurable disease, which manifests itself during his employment, but is not caused by it. So far as we are advised, it is without support in the authorities. We can find no basis for saying that, if the disease proves to be incurable, the duty extends beyond a fair time after the voyage in which to effect such improvement in the seaman's condition as reasonably may be expected to result from nursing, care, and medical treatment. This would satisfy such demands of policy as underlie the imposition of the obligation. Beyond this we think there is no duty, at least where the illness is not caused by the seaman's service.
The award of a lump sum in anticipation of the continuing need of maintenance and cure for life or an indefinite period is without support in judicial decision. Awards of small amounts to cover future maintenance and cure of a kind and for a period definitely ascertained or ascertainable have occasionally been made. The Mars, 3 Cir., 149 F. 729, 730; Wilson v. Manhattan Canning Co., D.C., 205 F. 996, 997. But the award here seems to us to be inconsistent with the measure of the duty and the purposes to be effected by its performance. The duty does not extend beyond the seaman's need. Raymond v. The Ella S. Thayer, D.C., 40 F. 902, 903; The J. F. Card, supra, D.C., 43 F. 92, at page 95; The Bouker No. 2, supra, 2 Cir., 241 F. 831, at page 835; The Santa Barbara, 2 Cir., 263 F. 369, 371; Stewart v. United States, D.C., 25 F.2d 869, 870; Marshall v. International Mercantile Marine Co., 2 Cir., 39 F.2d 551, 553; cf. Holt v. Cummings, 102 Pa. 212, 48 Am.Rep. 199; contra, Reed v. Canfield, supra. The amount and character of medical care which will be required in the case of an affliction, as well defined even as Buerger's disease, cannot be measured by reference to mortality tables. Moreover, courts take cognizance of the marine hospital service where seamen may be treated at minimum expense, in some cases without expense, and they limit recovery to the expense of such maintenance and cure as is not at the disposal of the seaman through recourse to that service. The Bouker No. 2, supra, 2 Cir., 241 F. 831, at page 835; Marshall v. International Mercantile Marine Co., supra, 2 Cir., 39 F.2d 551, at page 553, and cases cited. Furthermore, a duty imposed to safeguard the seaman from the danger of illness without succor, and to safeguard him, in case of illness, against the consequences of his improvidence, would hardly be performed by the payment of a lump sum to cover the cost of medical attendance during life.
The seaman's recovery must therefore be measured in each case by the reasonable cost of that maintenance and cure to which he is entitled at the time of trial, including, in the discretion of the court, such amounts as may be needful in the immediate future for the maintenance and cure of a kind and for a period which can be definitely ascertained.
The courts below have made no findings sufficient to enable us to fix the amount which respondent is entitled to recover. The decree is accordingly reversed, and the cause remanded to the District Court for further proceedings in conformity with this opinion, and without prejudice to any later suit by respondent to recover maintenance and cure to which he may then be entitled.
Mr. Justice BLACK is of opinion that the judgment should be affirmed.
Mr. Justice CARDOZO took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.
Motion to retax costs denied 59 S.Ct. 56, 83 L.Ed. —-.
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Tag Archives: Slash
Purchased some new albums from Itunes today…
December 25, 2018 Kev Brock	Leave a comment
Purchased 5 albums from ITunes today. Just new albums this time. Trying to keep up with new music.
A post shared by Kev Brock (@kevbrockmusic) on Dec 25, 2018 at 12:34pm PST
Just got an Itunes card today so I purchased 5 new albums from Itunes today so I can catch up with more 2018 album releases.
When I was younger, I used to listen to the band Disturbed. I used to listen to their album "The Sickness" which was the album that put their career on the map, but I don't have that album anymore. I decided to get Disturbed newest album "Evolution" 'cause it's getting good reviews everywhere. I've heard good things about it. I used to listen to the band myself so I already have an idea what they sound like. Disturb is a great hard rock band, though. They've always been a tight band and always wrote great hit songs, but I'm planning on listening to them a lot more.
As for the new Pistol Annies album, I'm not into new country music that much but these girls in the Pistol Annies are actually very good. Love them because they country music that sounds like actual country music. They don't sound "pop" country if you know what I mean. The Pistol Annies are a talented group. Love them so much.
I've been a fan of Nita Strauss for a long while now and have been waiting for her debut solo album to come out. She's been around in the music industry for years, but she never released her own album until now. Nita Strauss is a badass guitar player and very talented. Love her playing and I think the woman herself is sexy looking as hell.
As for Myles Kennedy "Year of the Tiger", this album has been getting good reviews as well. He's the singer for Slash's solo project and Myles put out his own solo album. Looking forward to hearing this.
As for Slash's new album, "Living the Dream", I've been following Slash's solo career for a long while now ever since "Apocalyptic Love" album. I'm a big fan of Guns N' Roses yes but I'm more of a fan of Slash's solo career. The stuff he does with Myles Kennedy is excellent shit. I've been reading about the new Slash album "Living the Dream" so I had to get it for myself.
There ya go. Enjoy!
2018 albumsDisturbedmusicMyles KennedyNita StraussPistol AnniesSlash
Predicting the Guns N' Roses "Coachella" set…
January 1, 2016 Kev Brock	Leave a comment
So Guns N' Roses is set to headline "Coachella" this year. We all know that Slash, Axl and the guys will play all of the band's singles and hit songs. Like I said before, I hope they throw in some non-hits in there as well.
I also have a feeling that when the reunited Gn'R finishes their set, the audience is never gonna let them leave the stage so there's probably gonna be a lot of "encores".
Here's what the Guns N' Roses "Coachella" set is gonna look like, I'll list all the songs in no particular order:
Sweet Child O' Mine
Pretty Tied UP
Dust N' Bones
Sympathy For The Devil (Stones cover)
And maybe they'll throw in a brand new song or two we haven't heard before.
I'm pretty sure it's gonna be a killer set and will be interesting to hear what their set will sound like in LCD Surround Sound.
Axl RoseCoachellaGuns N' RosesSlash
What would Guns N' Roses play for their Coachella set?
Now that Slash and possibly other original members are coming back to GN'R for a headlining slot at "Coachella", what will they play on the night of the show? Obviously, they're gonna play all of their greatest hits. I would think they would play all the hits that Slash played on. I can see them playing songs from all Gn'R albums that night. They'll play songs from the "Appetite" album, "GN'R Lies", "Use Your Illusion I and II" and "The Spaghetti Incident?". While I'm sure the band is gonna play all their hits, I hope they throw in some obscure songs from their albums aka songs that are not hits.
Will they play anything off of "Chinese Democracy"??? I don't think so 'cause Slash didn't play on that album. This show at Coachella is gonna be a big celebration of the original GN'R.
Regardless of who's gonna be part of the lineup, I'm sure they're gonna put on one sick show now that Slash is coming back finally. Trust me on that. Axl may not be as good of a singer anymore but I'm sure he'll improve before the show 'cause he's not gonna wanna disappoint the fans at all. It's gonna be a great show I'm sure. Slash has always been one of my favorite guitarists of all time.
I'm sure they're gonna stream the show live on the internet so I can't wait to watch it. Hopefully they won't make you pay to watch it. I'm a GN'R fan myself but only the original Gn'R. I never cared for the other guitarists. The other guitarists seemed like a GN'R tribute band to me. I'm glad the original guys are making a comeback finally.
Will the Guns N' Roses comeback be a huge success? I would predict… yes!
So the original Guns N' Roses is possibly gonna come out of retirement and make a big comeback for possible tour & new album. Could all that be a huge success? I would say so. Guns N' Roses may have had many different lineup changes over the years but think about why Gn'R went to being a best selling arena band going back to playing the smaller clubs with the new lineups? The other eras of Guns N' Roses weren't as popular. I'm talking about the other guitarists that GN'R had in the 2000's eras: Buckethead, Bumblefoot, Robin Finck and DJ Ashba. "Chinese Democracy" may have been a best selling album at the time it came out but still wasn't a no. 1 record. Nobody really cares for the other Gn'R guitarists. The only reason people went to their shows anyways is 'cause people wanted to hear all their greatest hits.
I would think an original Gn'R tour would be very successful 'cause people prefers to hear Gn'R songs played by the original guys. The original guys who wrote all the hits: "Welcome to the Jungle", "Sweet Child O' Mine", "Knockin' On Heaven's Door", "November Rain", "Live and Let Die", etc. People would rather hear all those songs by Slash, Duff, Izzy and Steven. So if they're serious on a reunion tour, hopefully they'll be playing those large arenas instead of small clubs and smaller theaters. Only Slash and the guys can play those songs well. That's what the people want.
Axl singing "Sweet Child O' Mine" without Slash playing that classic opening riff just doesn't work. That song is only listenable when Slash is playing guitar on it. That's what everybody wants to hear. This is why everyone wants the reunion to happen.
It could be a big selling tour for sure as I'm sure all the shows will sell out fast. It could make Axl Rose rich as hell again. They could become a mainstream band again for sure.
When the tour happens, hopefully they can play all the shows successfully without feuding again 'cause you never know they could start fighting again when they get back together. It could happen but we'll see how it goes. Hopefully Axl will leave his ego at the door this time.
Axl RoseGuns N' RosesSlash
Will original members of Guns N' Roses reunite for tour and possible new album???
November 11, 2015 Kev Brock	1 Comment
Will the original Guns N' Roses lineup from the old days reunite for a tour and possible new album? I see a tour is a possibility but a new album with original lineup? We'll wait and see on the new album. Will the original guys Axl, Slash, Duff, Izzy and Steven come back?
http://musicfeeds.com.au/news/guns-n-roses-sending-cryptic-tweets-bolstering-reunion-rumours/
If they are coming back, I don't know if I'll be all that thrilled to be honest with ya. Yeah, I've always been a GN'R fan myself but honestly, I don't think Axl can sing anymore. I mean, listen to all the recent Gn'R performances in youtube and you would hear that Axl sounds horrible when he sings. He doesn't have the powerful voice like he used to have. Most GN'R fans agree that he's terrible on the singing.
In the two videos below, I'll post an older live GN'R performance and a newer performance of Axl singing so I can show you the difference. See how much he changed in his singing. I think he lost the head voice is what happened. He sings way off pitch and he's just terrible. He's not a good live singer like he used to be.
Other than that, it would still be cool to see Axl and Slash bury the hatchet.
Axl RoseGuns N' RosesreunionSlash
It's good news that Slash and Axl Rose buried the hatchet but…
August 30, 2015 Kev Brock	Leave a comment
It seems that Slash and Axl Rose have buried the hatchet. The two guys started talking again after feuding with each after all these years. So does this mean there will be a Guns N' Roses reunion with its original members? I don't think it'll happen but I can see Slash and Axl doing something musical together though. Maybe Slash will have Axl sing a song on his next solo album or something?
http://uproxx.com/music/2015/08/slash-confirms-he-and-axl-rose-are-friends-again-after-a-long-overdue-reconciliation/?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=slash&utm_campaign=website_clicks
Only thing though, Axl Rose can't really sing anymore like he used to. He used to be a phenomenal singer in the past but I believe Axl lost his great singing voice he once had. He can't sing for shit. Listen to Axl with Gn'R in the video below. He's not a strong singer anymore like he once was. His voice is terrible now. I'll agree with some that he can't sing anymore.
Slash's "Apocalyptic Love" is probably the best album of 2012 so far!!!
June 8, 2012 Kev Brock	Leave a comment
I was very impressed by this album. Probably the best work Slash has ever done. I listened to this album a couple of times and you hear something new with every listen. I'm probably gonna be addicted to this album. This album sounds like a Guns N' Roses record. It's got that old school GN'R sound. Wow. No wonder Axl hates Slash! Myles Kennedy is the lead singer of this album. He sang the lead through every song. This album doesn't have different vocalists like the last record Slash did. Myles sings just like Axl, except Myles is a way better singer than Axl. This is Slash's best guitar work too. This album makes you want to forget Guns N' Roses.
I hate most mainstream rock music 'cause it's mostly pop stuff to be honest, but it's very rare that something really good will come out and this is one of them. You don't have to be a longtime fan of Guns N' Roses either, to enjoy this album. It's very good. I'm probably going to listen to this a lot and you should get it as well.
Apocalyptic LoveAxl RoseGuns N' RosesMyles KennedySlash
Report: Axl Rose banning Slash t-shirts at Guns N' Roses concerts???
June 1, 2012 Kev Brock	2 Comments
While I hate Axl Rose like most people, I find this a bunch of bull. Axl Rose is being accused of banning Slash t-shirts if fans are wearing them at his shows. I don't think Axl would be responsible for this 'cause the way his attitude is lately, he wouldn't give a fuck what people wear at his concerts. It could be the venue's decision or this punk kid could be trying to make Axl look bad. I don't think Axl would really care what shirts people are wearing in the audience 'cause it would be hard to see out there, wouldn't you say? In the front row, I'm sure you can tell what shirts people are wearing but way in the back, no. I don't think Axl has anything to do with this. Probably a silly rumor going around.
More on the story, here.
Report: Scott Weiland wants to rejoin Velvet Revolver!!!
August 1, 2011 Kev Brock	Leave a comment
Scott Weiland have been fired from Velvet Revolver a few years back due to having a bad attitude, being a drunk and having an ego problem, but things seem to be doing okay with him and the band now. Scott claims he have patched things up with the rest of the guys in Velvet Revolver. The band is getting along with him fine again. They still keep in touch like brothers. Scott revealed that he wants to rejoin the band for a few shows if possible. The other guys in the band are actually taking it in consideration 'cause they are having a tough time trying to find a new singer (they haven't found anyone yet). Matt Sorum admits that it's really hard to replace Scott.
Read the full article, here.
Look like they can't find a different vocalist that would fit the style of their music. Only Scott's voice can fit the music, so Scott is pretty much the star of the band, he can't be replaced.
I'm sure everybody will accuse Scott of starting trouble again when he rejoins the band, but I don't think that will happen. He rejoined Stone Temple Pilots and their latest run seemed to go fine with no problems. I think it'll be okay if Scott rejoined Velvet Revolver. I like Velvet Revolver even though I haven't bought their albums. I did hear all of their hits on the radio though.
Matt SorumScott WeilandSlashVelvet Revolver
Report: Velvet Revolver finally hires new singer but keeping identity anonymous for now…
Velvet Revolver's Matt Sorum, revealed that the band finally found a new singer, but won't reveal the singer's name just yet.
More on it, here.
It wouldn't surprise me if the singer is one of the singer's off Slash's solo album. Could the singer be Andrew Stockdale or Rocco Deluca? Maybe even Chris Cornell? Who knows.
Scott WeilandSlashVelvet Revolver
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text:
\section{Introduction}
The investigation of the properties of excited heavy-light mesons
represents an interesting and  important problem.
The experimental data on the orbitally
\cite{orb} and radially \cite{rad} excited $B$ and $D$ meson states are
becoming available now. The $B$ and $c-\tau$ factories will provide more
accurate and comprehensive data for these states. On the other hand,
the presence of the heavy quark in these systems considerably
simplifies the theoretical description of heavy-light mesons.
The heavy quark symmetry \cite{iw}, arising in the limit of infinitely
heavy quark mass $m_Q$, imposes strict
constraints on the mass spectrum of heavy-light mesons \cite{iw2}. In this
limit the heavy quark mass and spin decouples and all the meson properties
are determined by light degrees of freedom alone. As a result the heavy quark
spin degeneracy of the levels emerges. The light quark's spin couples
with its orbital momentum, resulting  for $S$-wave mesons in two
degenerate  $j=1/2$ states, corresponding to $1^-$ and $0^-$ \footnote{
We use the $J^P$ notation, where $J=j\pm 1/2$ and $P$ are the total
angular momentum and parity of the meson.}. For
$P$-wave mesons two degenerate  $j=3/2$ states, $(1^+,2^+)$, and
two degenerate $j=1/2$ states, $(0^+,1^+)$, arise. The heavy quark
symmetry constrains also the strong decays of these states. The
decay rates of the $P$-wave states in degenerate doublets should be
the same. The states with $j=1/2$ are expected to be wide, because
they decay in $S$-wave, while $j=3/2$ mesons are narrow, because
they decay in $D$-wave.  Since the
real $b$ and $c$ quarks are not infinitely heavy, the corrections
in inverse powers of the heavy quark mass turn out to be important.
These corrections break down the degeneracy of the levels. The
heavy quark effective theory (HQET) (see e.g. \cite{n}
and references therein) provides a systematic
method for treating $1/m_Q$ corrections. However, in order to obtain
quantitative predictions it is necessary to combine it with
some dynamical nonperturbative approaches.

Many different approaches have been used for the calculation of
orbital and radial excitations of heavy-light mesons \cite{gi,ehq,i,thq}.
However,
almost in all of them the expansion in inverse powers not only of
the heavy quark mass ($m_Q$) but also  in inverse powers of the
light quark mass  ($m_q$) is carried out.
The estimates of the light quark velocity in these mesons show that
the light quark is highly relativistic ($v/c\sim 0.7\div 0.8$). Thus
the nonrelativistic approximation is not adequate for the light quark
and one cannot guarantee the numerical accuracy of the expansion in inverse
powers of the light quark mass. In this paper we use the relativistic
quark model \cite{mass,fgm,efg} for the
calculation of the masses of orbitally and radially excited $B$ and
$D$ mesons without employing the expansion in  $1/m_q$. Thus the light
quark is treated fully relativistically. Concerning the heavy quark
we apply the
expansion in $1/m_Q$ up to the first order.
Our relativistic quark model is based on the quasipotential approach
in quantum field theory. It has been used for the calculation of
heavy quarkonia mass spectrum \cite{mass} and electroweak decays of
heavy mesons \cite{fgm,efg}. Recent nonperturbative investigations
indicate that the confining potential cannot be simply  scalar. This
is in agreement with our model assumptions on the Lorentz structure
of quark confinement. The comparison of our model results with model
independent constraints of HQET is given in \cite{fg}.

The paper is organized as follows. In Sec.~\ref{rqm} we describe
our relativistic quark model giving special emphasize on the role
of the Lorentz-structure of quark confinement. In Sec.~\ref{qp} we construct
the quasipotential of the interaction of a light quark with a heavy antiquark.
We use the heavy quark $1/m_Q$ expansion to simplify the construction. The
light quark is treated relativistically. First we consider the $m_Q\to
\infty$ limit and then the corrections of the first order in $1/m_Q$.
We present the predictions of our model for orbitally and radially
excited states of $D$, $D_s$, $B$ and $B_s$
mesons. In Sec.~\ref{rd} we compare our results with the heavy quark
symmetry and other quark model predictions as well as available
experimental data. Section~\ref{concl} contains our conclusions.

\section{Relativistic quark model}
\label{rqm}

In the quasipotential approach a meson is described by the wave
function of the bound quark-antiquark state, which satisfies the
quasipotential equation \cite{3} of the Schr\"odinger type \cite{4}
\begin{equation}
\label{quas}
{\left(\frac{b^2(M)}{2\mu_{R}}-\frac{{\bf
p}^2}{2\mu_{R}}\right)\Psi_{M}({\bf p})} =\int\frac{d^3 q}{(2\pi)^3}
 V({\bf p,q};M)\Psi_{M}({\bf q}),
\end{equation}
where the relativistic reduced mass is
\begin{equation}
\mu_{R}=\frac{E_qE_Q}{E_q+E_Q}=\frac{M^4-(m^2_q-m^2_Q)^2}{4M^3},
\end{equation}
and $E_q$, $E_Q$ are given by
\begin{equation}
\label{ee}
E_q=\frac{M^2-m_Q^2+m_q^2}{2M}, \quad E_Q=\frac{M^2-m_q^2+m_Q^2}{2M},
\end{equation}
here $M=E_q+E_Q$ is the meson mass, $m_{q,Q}$ are the masses of light
and heavy quarks, and ${\bf p}$ is their relative momentum.
In the centre of mass system the relative momentum squared on mass shell
reads
\begin{equation}
{b^2(M) }
=\frac{[M^2-(m_q+m_Q)^2][M^2-(m_q-m_Q)^2]}{4M^2}.
\end{equation}

The kernel
$V({\bf p,q};M)$ in Eq.~(\ref{quas}) is the quasipotential operator of
the quark-antiquark interaction. It is constructed with the help of the
off-mass-shell scattering amplitude, projected onto the positive
energy states. An important role in this construction is played
by the Lorentz-structure of the confining quark-antiquark interaction
in the meson. In the literature there is no consent on this item. For a
long time the scalar confining kernel has been considered to be the
most appropriate one \cite{scal}. The main argument in favour of this
choice is based on the nature of the heavy quark spin-orbit potential.
The scalar potential gives a vanishing long-range magnetic
contribution, which is in agreement with the picture
of quark confinement of Ref.~\cite{buch}, and allows to get the fine
structure for heavy quarkonia in accord with experimental data.
However, the calculations of electroweak decay rates of heavy mesons
with a scalar confining potential alone yield results which are in  worse
agreement with data than for a vector potential \cite{mb,gf}.
The  radiative
$M1$-transitions in quarkonia such as e.~g. $J/\psi\to \eta_c
\gamma$ are the most sensitive
for the Lorentz-structure of the confining potential.
The relativistic corrections for
these decays arising from vector and scalar potentials have different
signs \cite{mb,gf}. In particular, as it has been
shown in Ref.~\cite{gf}, agreement
with experiments for these decays can be achieved only for a mixture
of vector and scalar potentials. In this context, it is worth remarking,
that the recent study of the $q\bar q$
interaction in the Wilson loop approach \cite{bv} indicates that
it cannot be considered as simply a scalar. Moreover, the found
structure of spin-independent relativistic corrections is not
compatible with a scalar potential. A similar conclusion
has been obtained in Ref.~\cite{ss} on the basis of a Foldy-Wouthuysen
reduction of the full Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian of QCD. There, the
Lorentz-structure of confinement has been found to be of vector
nature. The scalar character of spin splittings in heavy quarkonia
in this approach is dynamically generated through the interaction
with collective gluonic degrees of freedom.

All these new results are in agreement with the assumptions of the
relativistic quark model approach \cite{gf,mass}. Indeed, in
constructing the quasipotential of quark-antiquark interaction
we have assumed that the effective
interaction is the sum of the usual one-gluon exchange term with the mixture
of long-range vector and scalar linear confining potentials, where
the vector confining potential
contains the Pauli interaction. The quasipotential is then defined by
\cite{mass}
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{qpot}
V({\bf p,q};M)&=&\bar{u}_q(p)
\bar{u}_Q(-p)\Bigg\{\frac{4}{3}\alpha_SD_{ \mu\nu}({\bf
k})\gamma_q^{\mu}\gamma_Q^{\nu}\cr
& & +V^V_{\rm conf}({\bf k})\Gamma_q^{\mu}
\Gamma_{Q;\mu}+V^S_{\rm conf}({\bf
k})\Bigg\}u_q(q)u_Q(-q),
\end{eqnarray}
where $\alpha_S$ is the QCD coupling constant, $D_{\mu\nu}$ is the
gluon propagator in the Coulomb gauge
\begin{equation}
D^{00}({\bf k})=-\frac{4\pi}{{\bf k}^2}, \quad D^{ij}({\bf k})=
-\frac{4\pi}{k^2}\left(\delta^{ij}-\frac{k^ik^j}{{\bf k}^2}\right),
\quad D^{0i}=D^{i0}=0,
\end{equation}
and ${\bf k=p-q}$; $\gamma_{\mu}$ and $u(p)$ are
the Dirac matrices and spinors
\begin{equation}
\label{spinor}
u^\lambda({p})=\sqrt{\frac{\epsilon(p)+m}{2\epsilon(p)}}
{1\choose \frac{\bbox{\sigma p}}{\epsilon(p)+m}}\chi^\lambda,
\end{equation}
with $\epsilon(p)=\sqrt{p^2+m^2}$.
The effective long-range vector vertex is
given by
\begin{equation}
\Gamma_{\mu}({\bf k})=\gamma_{\mu}+
\frac{i\kappa}{2m}\sigma_{\mu\nu}k^{\nu},
\end{equation}
where $\kappa$ is the Pauli interaction constant characterizing the
anomalous chromomagnetic moment of quarks. Vector and
scalar confining potentials in the nonrelativistic limit reduce to
\begin{eqnarray}
V^V_{\rm conf}(r)&=&(1-\varepsilon)(Ar+B),\nonumber\\
V^S_{\rm conf}(r)& =&\varepsilon(Ar+B),
\end{eqnarray}
reproducing
\begin{equation}
V_{\rm conf}(r)=V^S_{\rm conf}(r)+
V^V_{\rm conf}(r)=Ar+B,
\end{equation}
where $\varepsilon$ is the mixing coefficient.

The expression for the quasipotential for the heavy quarkonia,
expanded in $v^2/c^2$, can be found in Ref.~\cite{mass}. The
structure of the spin-dependent interaction is in an agreement with
the parameterization of Eichten and Feinberg \cite{ef}.
All the parameters of
our model like quark masses, parameters of linear confining potential
$A$ and $B$, mixing coefficient $\varepsilon$ and anomalous
chromomagnetic quark moment $\kappa$ were fixed from the analysis of
heavy quarkonia masses \cite{mass} and radiative decays \cite{gf}.
The quark masses
$m_b=4.88$ GeV, $m_c=1.55$ GeV, $m_s=0.50$ GeV, $m_{u,d}=0.33$ GeV and
the parameters of the linear potential $A=0.18$ GeV$^2$ and $B=-0.30$ GeV
have standard values of quark models.  The value of the mixing
coefficient of vector and scalar confining potentials $\varepsilon=-1$
has been determined from the consideration of the heavy quark expansion
\cite{fg} and meson radiative decays \cite{gf}.
Finally, the universal Pauli interaction constant $\kappa=-1$ has been
fixed from the analysis of the fine splitting of heavy quarkonia ${
}^3P_J$- states \cite{mass}. Note that the
long-range  magnetic contribution to the potential in our model
is proportional to $(1+\kappa)$ and thus vanishes for the
chosen value of $\kappa=-1$.
\section{Quasipotential of the interaction of a light quark  with a heavy
antiquark} \label{qp}
The expression for the quasipotential (\ref{qpot}) can, in principle, be
used for arbitrary quark masses.  The substitution
of the Dirac spinors (\ref{spinor}) into (\ref{qpot}) results in an extremely
nonlocal potential in the configuration space. Clearly, it is very hard to
deal with such potentials without any simplifying expansion.
Fortunately, in the
case of heavy-light mesons, one can carry out (following HQET)
the expansion in inverse
powers of the heavy quark mass $m_Q$. The leading terms then follow
in the limit $m_Q\to \infty$.
\subsection{Infinitely heavy quark limit}
In the limit $m_Q\to\infty$ the heavy quark Dirac spinor
has only an upper component. Thus only the zeroth component of
Dirac matrices in (\ref{qpot}) contributes, and we
get
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{ipot}
V({\bf p},{\bf q};M)&=& \bar u_q(p)\Bigg\{-\frac43\alpha_s
\frac{4\pi}{{\bf k}^2}\gamma_q^0\cr
& & +V_{\rm conf}^V({\bf k})\left[\gamma_q^0+\frac{\kappa}{2m_q}
\gamma_q^0(\bbox{\gamma k})\right]+V_{\rm conf}^S({\bf k})
\Bigg\}u_q(q).
\end{eqnarray}
The resulting quasipotential is still nonlocal in configuration
space. However, taking
into account that $B$ and $D$ mesons are weakly bound~\footnote{The
sum of constituent quark masses $m_Q+m_q$ is very close to the ground
state meson mass $M$.}, we can replace $\epsilon_q(p) \to E_q$
in  the Dirac spinors (\ref{spinor}).
Such simplifying substitution is widely used
in quantum electrodynamics \cite{bs,mf,km} and introduces only minor
corrections of order of the ratio of the binding energy $\langle V
\rangle$ to $E_q$. This substitution makes the Fourier
transformation of the potential (\ref{ipot}) local and
works well for the confining part of the potential. However, it leads to
a fictitious singularity $1/r^3$ at the origin arising from the
one-gluon exchange part, which is absent in the initial potential.
Note that this singularity is not important if the perturbation
theory in $1/m_q$ is used. As we are not going to expand our
potential in $1/m_q$, additional analysis is necessary. The explicit
one-gluon contribution to (\ref{ipot}) is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{sing}
\bar u_q(p)\left(-\frac43\alpha_s\frac{4\pi}{{\bf k}^2}\gamma_q^0\right)u_q(q)
&=&\left(-\frac43\alpha_s\frac{4\pi}{{\bf k}^2}\right)
\sqrt{\frac{\epsilon_q(p)+m_q}{2\epsilon_q(p)}}
\sqrt{\frac{\epsilon_q(q)
+m_q}{2\epsilon_q(q)}}\cr
& &\times\Bigg(1 +
\frac{{\bf pq}+i\bbox{\sigma}_q[{\bf p q}]}
{[\epsilon_q(p)+m_q][\epsilon_q(q)+m_q]}\Bigg).
\end{eqnarray}
The most interesting is the last term in this expression, which
comes from the lower components of the spinors $u_q$. In configuration
space, it has an $1/r$ asymptotics for $r\to 0$ and decreases
as $1/r^3$ for $r\to \infty$. If we simply replace $\epsilon_q
\to E_q$, then we get the asymptotics $1/r^3$, which is
correct  at infinity but too singular at the origin. To cure
this asymptotics, let us notice that if binding effects
are taken into account, it is necessary to replace $\epsilon_q
\to E_q-V$, where $V$ is the quark interaction potential. If we
consider larger distances of order of the hadron radius, the contributions
of $V$ are of order of the (small) binding energy and can be neglected. But
for $r\to 0$ the Coulomb singularity in $V$ becomes important. Thus,
we keep  this contribution (up to the  first order
in the binding energy) in the last term in (\ref{sing}). As a result
we find that the Coulomb-like one-gluon potential $V_{\rm Coul}(r)=
-\frac43\frac{\alpha_s}{r}$ in this term
should be replaced by
\begin{equation}
\tilde  V_{\rm Coul}(r)=V_{\rm Coul}(r)\frac{1}{\left(1+\frac43\frac{
\alpha_s}{E_q}\frac{1}{r}\right)\left(1+\frac43\frac{\alpha_s}{
E_q+m_q}\frac{1}{r}\right)},
\end{equation}
leading to the correct asymptotics both at the origin and infinity.

The resulting local quark-antiquark potential for $m_Q\to \infty$
can be presented in configuration space in the following form
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{vinf}
V_{m_Q\to \infty}(r)&=& \frac{E_q+m_q}{2E_q}\Bigg[V_{\rm Coul}(r)
+V_{\rm conf}(r) + \frac{1}{(E_q+m_q)^2}\Bigg\{{\bf p}[\tilde
V_{\rm Coul}(r)\cr
& & +V_{\rm conf}^V(r)-V_{\rm conf}^S(r)]{\bf p}
-\frac{E_q+m_q}{2m_q}\Delta V_{\rm
conf}^V(r)[1-(1+\kappa)] \cr
& & +\frac{2}{r}\left(\tilde V_{\rm Coul}'(r)-V_{\rm conf}'^S(r) -
V_{\rm conf}'^V(r)\left[\frac{E_q}{m_q}
-2(1+\kappa)\frac{E_q+m_q}{2m_q}\right]\right)
{\bf L}{\bf S}_q\Bigg\}\Bigg].
\end{eqnarray}
Here the prime denotes differentiation with respect to $r$, ${\bf L}$ is
the orbital momentum,
and ${\bf S}_q$ is the spin operator of the light quark. Note that
the last term in (\ref{vinf}) is of the same order as the first two
terms and thus cannot be treated perturbatively.

In the infinitely heavy quark limit the quasipotential equation
(\ref{quas}) in configuration space becomes
\begin{equation}
\label{iquas}
\left(\frac{E_q^2-m_q^2}{2E_q}-\frac{{\bf p}^2}{2E_q}\right)
\Psi_M(r)=V_{m_Q\to\infty}(r)\Psi_M(r),
\end{equation}
and the mass of the meson is given by $M=m_Q+E_q$.

Solving (\ref{iquas}) numerically \cite{fgtv} we
get the eigenvalues $E_q$
and the wave functions $\Psi_M$. The obtained results are presented
in Table~\ref{eq}.
 We see that the heavy
quark spin decouples in  the limit $m_Q\to\infty$, and thus
we get the number of degenerated states in accord with the
heavy quark symmetry prediction.

\subsection{$1/m_Q$ corrections}
The heavy quark symmetry degeneracy of states is broken by $1/m_Q$
corrections. The corrections of order $1/m_Q$ to the potential
(\ref{vinf}) arise from the lower components of heavy quark Dirac
spinors in (\ref{qpot}). The matrix elements of the spatial components
of Dirac matrices are not zero now. Thus the contributions at first
order in $1/m_Q$ come from the one-gluon-exchange potential and the
vector confining potential, while the scalar potential gives no
contribution at first order. The resulting $1/m_Q$ correction to
the heavy quark potential (\ref{vinf}) is given by the following
expression
\begin{eqnarray}
\label{vcor}
\delta V_{1/m_Q}(r)&=&\frac{1}{E_qm_Q}\Bigg\{{\bf p}\left[V_{\rm
Coul}(r)+V^V_{\rm conf}(r)\right]{\bf p}
+V'_{\rm Coul}(r)\frac{{\bf L}^2}
{2r}\cr
&&-\frac{1}{4}\Delta V^V_{\rm conf}(r)+\left[\frac{1}{r}V'_{\rm
Coul}(r)+\frac{(1+\kappa)}{r}V'^V_{\rm conf}(r)\right]{\bf LS}\cr
& & +\frac13\bigglb(\frac{1}{r}V'_{\rm Coul}(r)-V''_{\rm Coul}(r)
+(1+\kappa)^2\left[\frac{1}{r}V'^V_{\rm conf}(r)-V''^V_{\rm conf}(r)
\right]\biggrb)\cr
&&\times\left[-{\bf S}_q{\bf S}_Q+\frac{3}{r^2}({\bf S}_q{\bf
r})({\bf S}_Q{\bf r})\right]\cr
& &+\frac23\left[\Delta V_{\rm Coul}(r)+(1+\kappa)^2\Delta V^V_{\rm
conf}(r)\right]{\bf S}_Q{\bf S}_q\Bigg\},
\end{eqnarray}
where ${\bf S}={\bf S}_q+{\bf S}_Q$ is the total spin. The first three terms
in (\ref{vcor}) represent spin-independent corrections, the fourth
term is responsible for the spin-orbit interaction, the fifth one is
the tensor interaction and the last one is the spin-spin interaction.
It is necessary to note that the confining vector interaction gives a
contribution to the spin-dependent part which is proportional to
$(1+\kappa)$ or $(1+\kappa)^2$. Thus it vanishes for the chosen value
of $\kappa=-1$, while the confining vector contribution to
the spin-independent part is non zero.

The quasipotential at $1/m_Q$ order is
given by the sum of $V_{m_Q\to \infty}(r)$
from (\ref{vinf}) and $\delta V_{1/m_Q}(r)$ from (\ref{vcor}). By
substituting it in the quasipotential equation (\ref{quas}) and
treating the $1/m_Q$ correction term $\delta V_{1/m_Q}(r)$ using
perturbation theory, we are now able to  calculate the
mass spectrum of $D$, $D_s$, $B$ and $B_s$ mesons with the account
of $1/m_Q$ corrections. The results of our calculations are presented
in Tables~\ref{md}-\ref{mbs}.

\section{Results and discussion}  \label{rd}
Let us compare the obtained results with model independent
predictions of HQET. In HQET
the heavy-light meson mass $M$ of ground-state pseudoscalar
and vector mesons is given by \cite{n}
\begin{equation}
\label{mhqet}
M=\mu_Q+\bar \Lambda-\frac{\lambda_1-2\left[J(J+1)-\frac32
\right]\lambda_2}{2\mu_Q}
+O(1/\mu_Q^2),
\end{equation}
where the parameter $\bar \Lambda$ represents contributions arising from
terms in the HQET Lagrangian which are independent of the heavy
quark mass. The terms $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ parametrize
contributions from the kinetic energy and chromo-magnetic interaction.

Note that the HQET heavy quark mass $\mu_Q$ is in principle different from
our mass $m_Q$ by the simple reason, that HQET uses the pole
heavy quark mass, while quark models use the constituent quark mass.
Obviously, in the heavy quark symmetry limit this difference between
constituent and pole heavy quark masses, however, disappears. In
particular, we find the relation $E_q=\bar \Lambda+O(1/m_Q)$. Thus,
the values of
$E_q$ listed in Table~\ref{eq} are just the values of the  HQET parameters
$\bar\Lambda$.

The structure of $1/m_Q$ corrections in our model is consistent
with (\ref{mhqet}). However, we find that the parameter corresponding
to $\lambda_1$ in our model contains not only the kinetic energy
part but also other terms originating from spin-independent
corrections in Eq.~(\ref{vcor})~\footnote{Note that, if we had used also an
expansion in inverse powers of the light quark mass, then, in
the static limit, we would get $\lambda_1=-\langle p^2\rangle$.}.
A similar result has been found in the relativistic quark model in
Ref.~\cite{sim}. The value of this parameter turns out to be
very sensitive to the value of the
heavy quark mass. Indeed, assuming that the heavy quark pole mass $\mu_Q$ and
constituent quark mass $m_Q$ are related by \cite{sim}
\begin{equation}
\label{muq}
m_Q=\mu_Q -\frac{\lambda^Q}{2\mu_Q}+O(1/\mu_Q^2),
\end{equation}
we see that only $\lambda_1$ is influenced, and it is connected to
the quark model value $\lambda^{\rm QM}_1$ by
\begin{equation}
\label{lam1}
\lambda_1=\lambda^{\rm QM}_1+\lambda^Q.
\end{equation}
In our model, for constituent quark masses $m_b=4.88$ GeV and $m_c=1.55$
GeV, we find  $\lambda^{\rm QM}_1\approx 0.85$ GeV$^2$ for $B$ mesons and
$\lambda^{\rm QM}_1\approx 0.26$ GeV$^2$ for $D$ mesons. If we require the
parameter $\lambda_1$ to be equal to the mean value of $-\langle p^2
\rangle$ (in our model  $\langle p^2\rangle\approx 0.25$ GeV$^2$ for $B$ and
$D$ mesons), then from (\ref{muq}) and (\ref{lam1}) we get the heavy
quark masses $\mu_b=4.75$ GeV and $\mu_c=1.40$ GeV. These values agree
with values of the heavy quark pole masses used in HQET.

The values of the parameter $\lambda_2$, which determines the hyperfine
splitting, coincide in HQET and quark models. We find $\lambda_2\approx0.112$
GeV$^2$ for $B$ mesons and $\lambda_2\approx 0.125$ GeV$^2$ for $D$ mesons.

Heavy quark symmetry provides relations between excited states
of $B$ and $D$ mesons, such as
\begin{equation}
\label{rel1}
\bar M_{B_1}-\bar M_{D_1}=\bar M_{B_{s1}}-\bar M_{D_{s1}}=
\bar M_{B}-\bar M_{D}=\bar M_{B_s}-\bar M_{D_s}=m_b-m_c,
\end{equation}
where $\bar M_{B_1}=(3M_{B_1}+5M_{B_2})/8$, $\bar M_{B}=(M_B+3M_{B^*})/4$
are appropriate spin averaged $P$- and $S$-wave states.
We get from Tables~\ref{md}-\ref{mbs} the following
values of mass splittings
\begin{eqnarray}
\bar M_{B_1}-\bar M_{D_1}&=&3.29\ {\rm GeV}\cr
\bar M_{B_{s1}}-\bar M_{D_{s1}}&=&3.30\ {\rm GeV}\cr
\bar M_{B}-\bar M_{D}&=&3.34\ {\rm GeV}\cr
\bar M_{B_s}-\bar M_{D_s}&=&3.33\ {\rm GeV},
\end{eqnarray}
in agreement with (\ref{rel1}). There arise also the following
relations between hyperfine splittings of levels
\begin{equation}
\Delta M_{B}\equiv M_{B_2}-M_{B_1}=\frac{m_c}{m_b}\Delta
M_{D}\equiv \frac{m_c}{m_b}\left(M_{D_2}-M_{D_1}\right),
\end{equation}
and the same for $B_s$ and $D_s$ mesons as well as for $P_1-P_0$ states.
Our model predictions for these splittings are displayed in
Table~\ref{splt}.

In Tables~\ref{md}-\ref{mbs} we compare our relativistic quark
model results for heavy-light meson masses with the
predictions of other quark  models of Godfrey
and Isgur \cite{gi}, Isgur \cite{i},  Eichten, Hill and Quigg
\cite{ehq} and experimental data \cite{PDG,orb,rad}.
All these quark models  use the
expansion in inverse powers both of the heavy $m_Q$ and light $m_q$
quark masses for the $Q\bar q$ interaction potential. In Ref.~\cite{gi}
some relativization of the potential has been put in by hand, such
as relativistic smearing of coordinates and replacing the factors
$1/m_q$ by $1/{\epsilon_q(p)}$. However, the resulting potential in
this approach accounts only for some of the relativistic effects,
while the others, which are of the same order of magnitude, are missing.
The considerations of Refs.~\cite{i,ehq} are closely related. The
heavy quark expansion is extended to light ($u,d,s$) quarks and the
experimental data on $P$ wave masses of $K$ mesons are used to obtain
predictions for $B$ and $D$ mesons.

In the paper~\cite{i} it is argued that the heavy quark spin $P$-wave
multiplets
with $j=1/2$ ($0^+,1^+$) and $j=3/2$ ($1^+,2^+$) in $B$ and $D$ mesons
are inverted \cite{hs}.
The $2^+$ and $1^+$ states lie about 150 MeV below the
$1^+$ and $0^+$ states.  In the limit $m_Q\to \infty$, we find
the same inversion of these multiplets in our model, but the gap between
$j=1/2$ and $j=3/2$ states is smaller ($\sim 90$ MeV for $B$ and $D$ mesons
and $\sim 70$ MeV for $B_s$ and $D_s$ mesons), and  $1/m_Q$ corrections
reduce this gap further. However, the hyperfine splittings among the
states in these multiplets turn out to be larger than in \cite{i}.
As a result, the states from
the multiplets for $D$, $D_s$ and $B_s$ mesons
overlap in our model, however the heavy quark spin
averaged centres are still inverted (see Figs.~1-4).
We obtain the following ordering of
$P$ states (with masses increasing from left to right):
$B$ meson ---
$1P_1(\frac32)$, $1P_2$, $1P_0$, $1P_1(\frac12)$;
$D_s$ meson --- $1P_0$, $1P_1(\frac32)$, $1P_2$,
$1P_1(\frac12)$; $D$ and $B_s$
mesons --- $1P_1(\frac32)$, $1P_0$, $1P_2$, $1P_1(\frac12)$. Thus only for
$B$ meson we get the purely inverted pattern. Note that the model
\cite{gi} predicts the ordinary ordering of levels.

The results of our model agree well with available experimental data. The
experimental values in Tables~\ref{md}-\ref{mbs} for ground state
and $P$-wave masses are taken from Refs.~\cite{PDG,orb}. For the radially
excited states we use the preliminary data from  DELPHI \cite{rad}.

\section{Conclusions} \label{concl}
In this paper we have presented the calculation of the mass spectra
of orbitally and radially excited states
of heavy-light mesons in the framework of the relativistic quark model.
The main advantage of the proposed approach consists in the relativistic
treatment of the light quarks ($u,d,s$). We apply only the expansion in
inverse powers of the heavy quark ($b,c$) mass, which considerably
simplifies calculations. The infinitely heavy quark limit as well
as the first order $1/m_Q$ corrections are considered. Our model
respects the constraints imposed by heavy quark symmetry on the number
of levels and different splittings.

We find that the heavy quark spin multiplets with $j=1/2$ ($0^+,1^+$)
and $j=3/2$ ($1^+,2^+$) are inverted in the $m_Q\to\infty$ limit.
This inversion is caused by the following reason: The confining potential
contribution to the spin-orbit term in (\ref{vinf}) exceeds the one-gluon
exchange contribution. Thus the sign before the spin-orbit term is negative,
and the level inversion emerges. However,
$1/m_Q$ corrections, which produce the hyperfine splittings of these
multiplets, are substantial. As a result the purely inverted pattern
of $P$ levels occurs only for the $B$ meson.
For $D$ and $B_s$ mesons the levels
from these multiplets begin to overlap. This effect is more pronounced
in the $D_s$ meson, where the ordinary ordering is  restoring.
Thus we see that the $D_s$ meson occupies an intermediate position
between heavy-light mesons and heavy-heavy mesons
(quarkonia, $B_c$ meson). It is necessary to
note, that both the presence of the relativistic light quark and the
light-to-heavy quark mass ratio play an important role in the formation
of level ordering patterns. The light quark determines the meson radius,
while the $m_q/m_Q$ ratio indicates the validity of the application
of the heavy quark symmetry limit.

The found mass values of orbitally and radially excited heavy-light mesons
are in good  agreement with available experimental data. At present only
narrow $P$-wave $2^+,1^+$ ($j=3/2$) levels of $D$, $D_s$ and $B$ mesons
have been measured. It will be very interesting to observe also $0^+,1^+$
($j=1/2$) levels, which is more complicated, because these states are
expected to be broad. This will allow to determine the ordering of
$P$ levels and to test quark dynamics in a heavy-light meson. We plan
to apply the found meson wave functions for the calculation of
semileptonic and nonleptonic decays of $B$ mesons into $P$-wave
$D$ and $D_s$ mesons, which are important for the experimental
observation of these states.

\acknowledgments
We are grateful to D.V. Antonov, A.B. Kaidalov, T. Lohse, V.I. Savrin,
A.Yu. Simonov, and A.S. Vshivtsev for useful discussions
of the results.
One of the authors (V.O.G) gratefully acknowledges the warm hospitality
of the colleagues in the particle theory group of the Humboldt-University
extended to him during his stay there.
He was supported in part by {\it Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft} under contract Eb 139/1-3 and
in part by {\it Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research}
 under Grant No.\ 96-02-17171.
R.N.F. was supported in part by {\it Russian Foundation for
Fundamental Research} under Grant No.\ 96-02-17171 and in part by
{\it Graduiertenkolleg Elementarteilchenphysik}.

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