text:
Onion (Allium cepa)
Still Life with Onions
Code: A-191-18-AP
Author: Aija Pastare
Photo taken on September 20, 2018
XL 6000 x 4000 px
The onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. Its close relatives include the garlic, leek, chive, and Chinese onion.
This genus also contains several other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum), the tree onion (A. ×proliferum), and the Canada onion (Allium canadense). The name "wild onion" is applied to a number of Allium species, but A. cepa is exclusively known from cultivation. Its ancestral wild original form is not known, although escapes from cultivation have become established in some regions. The onion is most frequently a biennial or a perennial plant, but is usually treated as an annual and harvested in its first growing season.
The onion plant has a fan of hollow, bluish-green leaves and its bulb at the base of the plant begins to swell when a certain day-length is reached. The bulbs are composed of shortened, compressed, underground stems surrounded by fleshy modified scale (leaves) that envelop a central bud at the tip of the stem. In the autumn (or in spring, in the case of overwintering onions), the foliage dies down and the outer layers of the bulb become dry and brittle. The crop is harvested and dried and the onions are ready for use or storage. The crop is prone to attack by a number of pests and diseases, particularly the onion fly, the onion eelworm, and various fungi cause rotting. Some varieties of A. cepa, such as shallots and potato onions, produce multiple bulbs.
Onions are cultivated and used around the world. As a food item, they are usually served cooked, as a vegetable or part of a prepared savoury dish, but can also be eaten raw or used to make pickles or chutneys. They are pungent when chopped and contain certain chemical substances which irritate the eyes.
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Species: A. cepa
Taxonomy and etymology
The onion plant (Allium cepa), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. It was first officially described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum. A number of synonyms have appeared in its taxonomic history:
Allium cepa var. aggregatum – G. Don
Allium cepa var. bulbiferum – Regel
Allium cepa var. cepa – Linnaeus
Allium cepa var. multiplicans – L.H. Bailey
Allium cepa var. proliferum – (Moench) Regel
Allium cepa var. solaninum – Alef
Allium cepa var. viviparum – (Metz) Mansf.
A. cepa is known exclusively from cultivation, but related wild species occur in Central Asia. The most closely related species include A. vavilovii (Popov & Vved.) and A. asarense (R.M. Fritsch & Matin) from Iran. However, Zohary and Hopf state that "there are doubts whether the A. vavilovii collections tested represent genuine wild material or only feral derivatives of the crop."
The vast majority of cultivars of A. cepa belong to the "common onion group" (A. cepa var. cepa) and are usually referred to simply as "onions". The Aggregatum group of cultivars (A. cepa var. aggregatum) includes both shallots and potato onions.
The genus Allium also contains a number of other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion (A. fistulosum), Egyptian onion (A. ×proliferum), and Canada onion (A. canadense).
Cepa is commonly accepted as Latin for "onion" and has an affinity with Ancient Greek: κάπια (kápia), Albanian: qepë, Aromanian: tseapã, Catalan: ceba, English: chive, Occitan: ceba, Spanish: cebolla, Old French: cive, and Romanian: ceapă.
The onion plant has been grown and selectively bred in cultivation for at least 7,000 years. It is a biennial plant, but is usually grown as an annual. Modern varieties typically grow to a height of 15 to 45 cm (6 to 18 in). The leaves are yellowish- to bluish green and grow alternately in a flattened, fan-shaped swathe. They are fleshy, hollow, and cylindrical, with one flattened side. They are at their broadest about a quarter of the way up, beyond which they taper towards a blunt tip. The base of each leaf is a flattened, usually white sheath that grows out of a basal disc. From the underside of the disc, a bundle of fibrous roots extends for a short way into the soil. As the onion matures, food reserves begin to accumulate in the leaf bases and the bulb of the onion swells.
In the autumn, the leaves die back and the outer scales of the bulb become dry and brittle, so the crop is then normally harvested. If left in the soil over winter, the growing point in the middle of the bulb begins to develop in the spring. New leaves appear and a long, stout, hollow stem expands, topped by a bract protecting a developing inflorescence. The inflorescence takes the form of a globular umbel of white flowers with parts in sixes. The seeds are glossy black and triangular in cross section. The average pH of an onion is around 5.5
Origin and history
Because the wild onion is extinct and ancient records of using onions span western and eastern Asia, the geographic origin of the onion is uncertain, with likely domestication worldwide. Food uses of onions date back thousands of years in China, Egypt and Persia.
Traces of onions recovered from Bronze Age settlements in China suggest that onions were used as far back as 5000 BCE, not only for their flavour, but the bulb's durability in storage and transport. Ancient Egyptians revered the onion bulb, viewing its spherical shape and concentric rings as symbols of eternal life. Onions were used in Egyptian burials, as evidenced by onion traces found in the eye sockets of Ramesses IV.
Pliny the Elder of the first century CE wrote about the use of onions and cabbage in Pompeii. He documented Roman beliefs about the onion's ability to improve ocular ailments, aid in sleep, and heal everything from oral sores and toothaches to dog bites, lumbago, and even dysentery. Archaeologists unearthing Pompeii long after its 79 CE volcanic burial have found gardens resembling those in Pliny's detailed narratives. According to texts collected in the fifth/sixth century CE under the authorial aegis of "Apicius" (said to have been a gourmet), onions were used in many Roman recipes.
In the Age of Discovery, onions were taken to North America by the first European settlers, only to discover the plant readily available, and in wide use in Native American gastronomy. According to diaries kept by certain of the first English colonists, the bulb onion was one of the first crops planted by the Pilgrim fathers.
Onion types and products
Common onions are normally available in three colour varieties. Yellow or brown onions (called red in some European countries), are full-flavoured and are the onions of choice for everyday use, with many cultivars bred specifically to demonstrate this sweetness (Vidalia, Walla Walla, Cévennes, "Bermuda," &c.). Yellow onions turn a rich, dark brown when caramelised and give French onion soup its sweet flavour. The red onion (called purple in some European countries) is a good choice for fresh use when its colour livens up the dish; it is also used in grilling. White onions are the traditional onions used in classic Mexican cuisine; they have a golden colour when cooked and a particularly sweet flavour when sautéed.
While the large, mature onion bulb is most often eaten, onions can be eaten at immature stages. Young plants may be harvested before bulbing occurs and used whole as spring onions or scallions. When an onion is harvested after bulbing has begun, but the onion is not yet mature, the plants are sometimes referred to as "summer" onions.
Additionally, onions may be bred and grown to mature at smaller sizes. Depending on the mature size and the purpose for which the onion is used, these may be referred to as pearl, boiler, or pickler onions, but differ from true pearl onions which are a different species. Pearl and boiler onions may be cooked as a vegetable rather than as an ingredient and pickler onions are often preserved in vinegar as a long-lasting relish.
Onions are available in fresh, frozen, canned, caramelised, pickled, and chopped forms. The dehydrated product is available as kibbled, sliced, ring, minced, chopped, granulated, and powder forms.
Onion powder is a seasoning widely used when the fresh ingredient is not available. It is made from finely ground, dehydrated onions, mainly the pungent varieties of bulb onions, and has a strong odour. Being dehydrated, it has a long shelf life and is available in several varieties: yellow, red, and white.
Culinary uses
Onions are commonly chopped and used as an ingredient in various hearty warm dishes, and may also be used as a main ingredient in their own right, for example in French onion soup, creamed onions, and onion chutney. They are versatile and can be baked, boiled, braised, grilled, fried, roasted, sautéed, or eaten raw in salads. Their layered nature makes them easy to hollow out once cooked, facilitating stuffing them, as in Turkish sogan-dolma.
Onions pickled in vinegar are eaten as a snack around the world, and as a side serving in pubs and fish and chip shops throughout the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. They are part of a traditional British pub's ploughman's lunch, usually served with crusty bread, English cheese, and ale.
Similar to garlic, onions can show an additional colour – pink-red – after cutting, an effect caused by reactions of amino acids with sulfur compounds.
Non-culinary uses
Onions have particularly large cells that are readily observed under low magnification. Forming a single layer of cells, the bulb epidermis is easy to separate for educational, experimental, and breeding purposes.
Onions are, therefore, commonly employed in science education to teach the use of a microscope for observing cell structure.
Onions are toxic to dogs, cats, guinea pigs, and many other animals.
Most onion cultivars are about 89% water, 9% carbohydrates (including 4% sugar and 2% dietary fibre), 1% protein, and negligible fat (table). Onions contain low amounts of essential nutrients and have an energy value of 166 kJ (40 Calories) in a 100 g (3.5 oz) amount. Onions contribute savoury flavour to dishes without contributing significant caloric content.
Considerable differences exist between onion varieties in phytochemical content, particularly for polyphenols, with shallots having the highest level, six times the amount found in Vidalia onions. Yellow onions have the highest total flavonoid content, an amount 11 times higher than in white onions. Red onions have considerable content of anthocyanin pigments, with at least 25 different compounds identified representing 10% of total flavonoid content.
Onion polyphenols are under basic research to determine their possible biological properties in humans.
Some people suffer from allergic reactions after handling onions. Symptoms can include contact dermatitis, intense itching, rhinoconjunctivitis, blurred vision, bronchial asthma, sweating, and anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions may not occur when eating cooked onions, possibly due to the denaturing of the proteins from cooking.
Freshly cut onions often cause a stinging sensation in the eyes of people nearby, and often uncontrollable tears. This is caused by the release of a volatile gas, syn-propanethial-S-oxide, which stimulates nerves in the eye. This gas is produced by a chain of reactions which serve as a defence mechanism: chopping an onion causes damage to cells which releases enzymes called alliinases. These break down amino acid sulfoxides and generate sulfenic acids. A specific sulfenic acid, 1-propenesulfenic acid, is rapidly acted on by a second enzyme, the lacrimatory factor synthase, producing the syn-propanethial-S-oxide. This gas diffuses through the air and soon reaches the eyes, where it activates sensory neurons. Lacrimal glands produce tears to dilute and flush out the irritant.
Eye irritation can be avoided by cutting onions under running water or submerged in a basin of water. Leaving the root end intact also reduces irritation as the onion base has a higher concentration of sulphur compounds than the rest of the bulb. Refrigerating the onions before use reduces the enzyme reaction rate and using a fan can blow the gas away from the eyes. The more often one chops onions, the less one experiences eye irritation.
The amount of sulfenic acids and lacrimal factor released and the irritation effect differs among Allium species. In 2008, the New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research created "no tears" onions by genetic modification to prevent the synthesis of lachrymatory factor synthase in onions. One study suggests that consumers prefer the flavor of onions with lower LFS content. However, since the LFS-silencing process involves reducing sulfur ingestion by the plant, it has also been suggested that LFS− onions are inferior in flavor. A method for efficiently differentiating LFS− and LFS+ onions has been developed based on mass spectrometry, with potential application in high-volume production; gas chromatography is also used to measure lachrymatory factor in onions. In early 2018, Bayer released the first crop yield of commercially-available LFS-silenced onions under the name "Sunions." They were the product of 30 years of cross-breeding; genetic modification was not employed.
Guinea hen weed and honey garlic contain a similar lachrymatory factor. Synthetic onion lachrymatory factor has been used in a study related to tear production, and has been proposed as a nonlethal deterrent against thieves and intruders.


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The city of Plymouth is located within the county of Devon, and it is close to other business cities such as London, Exeter and Portsmouth. It relies on coastal operations, along with heavy industry and retail. There are also hundreds of office-based companies, as well as several universities and colleges. Managing waste is not likely to be your favourite job, but it is an essential one. Studies show that a quarter of all waste is generated by businesses, and that thousands of tonnes of rubbish are created each year by commercial operations. In Plymouth, there are public services and hundreds of companies operating in and around the city centre, all needing waste services to keep things running smoothly. We are here to assist with waste management in Plymouth.
Plymouth is a city on the south coast of beautiful Devon. It is a fairly large city with a population of 264,200. It lies between the mouth of two rivers: the Tamar and the Plym. During the industrial revolution, the town was an important commercial shipping port, and the port is still active today, both as a destination for ferries to Brittany and as a major shipbuilding economy. Plymouth also has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe. The University of Plymouth is a large university, requiring waste management. The city centre has a large pedestrianised retail area. The two main industrial estates are Parkway and Ernesettle, each containing a large variety of businesses both commercial and industrial.
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Every rifle Patrick Sweeney owns has had the following things checked and, if need-be, tended to. It just so happens that winter is the ideal time for these easy AR-15 DIY projects.
Gas keys have to be tight, and the best way to make sure they stay tight is to stake the screws in. That means a MOACKS.
AR-15 rifles with .223 Remington leades have caused more problems than anything else with the exception of the next step.
The only barrels not to be reamed are those which have been treated to the Melonite process. This makes the steel surface so hard it will take the edge off the leade reamer. The carrier key is staked, double-staked, and if I thought it would help and still had the tools, I'd tack-weld the thing on.
Gas blow-by from the carrier key is the cause of many other problems, problems that have in the past been erroneously attributed to other sources.
This calls for use of the MOACKS (carrier key staking tool), after disassembling, cleaning and then applying Loctite.
If the stock is a fixed stock, A1 or A2, I make sure it is tight. The A1/A2 gets the screw removed and checked. If it has a nylon locking section, great. If it has a smear of blue Loctite, fine. If not, I use blue and tighten it down.
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If it is a tele-stock, I make sure everything is tight and aligned, and I then stake the castle nut.
I take off the pistol grip, remove the spring that activates the selector plunger, and apply a small wedge/diamond of masking tape to it. I then jam the spring back down into the pistol grip, tape end first. The tape makes sure the spring doesn't fall out when next I disassemble the pistol grip.
I do all the inspections I've described, to make sure all the parts are there, tight, straight, and properly secured. I then paint-in the various parts that might try to move, such as BUIS, and then I'm done.
Well, done until the next round of experimentation, adjustment, trying new gear, etc.
This article is an excerpt from Gunsmithing the AR-15, Vol. 2.
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As we gradually see the recession fade, now is the time to really gear up our advertising and promotional programmes.
Traditionally, studios have tended to use newsletters and mailings to generate business and hopefully to get new clients, and one of the most common themes has been to offer discounts on their base services. But these discounted services really do not work very well for several reasons.
The first is that unless the mother picking up the mailing is an old client, or already thinking of having a new portrait session, a discount is not a strong enough reason for taking up the offer. When doing a mailing we need to get at least a 3-4% response and discounted services usually get less than 1%.
Second, if the potential client is not familiar with your studio, or not an old client, the discount is not an incentive to call. It is virtually meaningless.
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Looks like I'm not the only HAM radio operator going to Big Bear. Should we pick a frequency to hang out on for the day?
I need to get HAM radio certified.
Allen8511 wrote: I need to get HAM radio certified.
That would be nice if you could. Do you have a suggestion on an entry level radio as well? I don't want to pay 6 months of gas money for a HAM, they seem very expensive.
Sure thing. I wonder if this thread is the right place for that?
With regards to radio: Think about what you'd like to use it for. Who do you want to talk to? Under which conditions? -There are really cheap (Chinese manufactured) HAM hand held radios, but as with anything: You get what you pay for.
LagunaH1 wrote: Sure thing. I wonder if this thread is the right place for that?
I think we can dish it out here. If it turns into a sweet discussion we could start a new thread not we could just start/find a HAM thread.
I don't know whether they charge these days, they used to have a free and a paid option.
The FCC will test you on a range of topics, from basic radio signal propagation over how to conduct yourself on the radio in an emergency to other topics. In my opinion, it is completely fair to memorize the correct answers to the tests (all the questions and the correct answers are public) and get your license that way, assuming you continue to learn, grow and use your license after you get your license. In fact, many HAM's say that the real learning starts once you have your license. The reality is that there are topics you will never need again after you get your license, but there absolutely also are topics which are really relevant and IMO could be expanded upon.
For an entry level radio, go look at amazon or eBay for a Wouxun or Baofeng hand held radio. These are decent (and very cheap) low power, hand held HAM radios which will get you started. the biggest downside is that they are pretty strange / difficult to program and configure. If you want an easy-to-use and easy to configure entry level quality hand held, go find a Yaesu FT-60. Those radios are built like tanks and provide all the functionality you need to get started, and nothing you don't.
LagunaH1 thanks man, this is great! We ran VHF and UHF handhelds and vehicle and base radios on the fire department. Working up in big bear we saw the big differences between them. We are planning a 3 month trip here off the beaten tracks (overland if you want to call it that) and I have a CB but I want a radio that I can reach out more with. I am looking for a higher powered vehicle based radio since there are two of us in one vehicle and that's it.
A good place to start for a "mobile" radio (that's HAM speak for a radio intended to be installed in a vehicle or as a base station) could be something like a Yaesu FT-8800R. This is a dual band (vhf and uhf) dual receive(it has 2 receivers so you can listen to 2 frequencies at the same time) radio. It's "basic" meaning it's analog FM only (no P25, DMR, D-Star, Fusion etc) but it has very good audio quality and its been on the market for a while so it tends to be very reliable. -Combine that with a good mobile 2m / 440 antenna on the roof of your truck (you could start with a magnet mount) and you should be in business.
If I get a HAM radio, it will almost solely be for weather updates and distress calling, and for use for group communication, which is rare. Is there a fixed group of distress/mayday channels? Obviously non-marine and non-aeronautic. I don't want to spend a lot, I will rarely use it and I'm not looking to have radio friends I chat with every day. I would prefer a fixed antenna over a mag mount. HT is fine, obviously a Mobile will be easier and cleaner and I assume clearer and more powerful.
The brands you mentioned seem nice quality like you said. I see that Baofeng is way cheaper, obviously it looks like the Harbor Freight of the options, but would one of those suit me better? Or a good used radio? I want to buy once, be happy enough and have it meet my needs. I don't plan to expand on this.
PS I have a CB, but they are much lower power and I want to be able to reach out some of I am in the boondocks of Colorado, Utah, Wyoming. This is a serious consideration for us.
From where would you anticipate calling? -And who would you want to call?
The hand helds and the mobile VHF / UHF radios have "line of sight" coverage range. In other words: Ii you can see it, you can talk to it. If you want to talk to it, you need to be able to see it. -This is of course just a simple rule of thumb, but it's a good place to start. Depending on where you are, you may be able to reach a repeater or a networked repeater which in turn can carry your call to someone.
In HAM radio, there aren't any really "dedicated" emergency frequencies where you would be guaranteed to be able to reach someone. If you were to join a local radio club which operates one or more repeaters, then your odds of reaching someone in an emergency goes up some, but there still aren't any guarantees.
Depending on where you are planning on going, you may want to think about other options such as HF radio or maybe a Sat phone or something like a "spot" emergency beacon?
That answers the needed questions then I think. If I have LOS I can use my CB or something different. I would only be worried in areas of rough terrain like canyonlands or the Rockies or cascades, or Death Valley/Mojave. Things like that. I was hoping HAM had NLOS capabilities. If that is the case, maybe I will do a SPOT or inReach and a NOAA weather radio. Maybe I'll grab a cheap HT just for group runs and things like that. How involved is HT programming with a Baofeng or a used Yaesu?
Almost regardless of which radio you go with, you can program it using software on your PC.
If I get an HT, would I need to program the exact channels would use for a group run ahead of time, or could I adjust to a wavelength when we meet up?
DamageWagon wrote: If I get an HT, would I need to program the exact channels would use for a group run ahead of time, or could I adjust to a wavelength when we meet up?
The latter. You'd simply agree with your buddies about the frequency and then set the radio to do that. -This is one of the big differences between commercial / professional equipment, and HAM radio equipment: HAM radios are just about always "front panel programmable"
Is it just me or is the steering wheel height adjuster lever right where your friggin knee goes when you get in the truck?
Checking to see if this GTG is still a go. If so, I'll be there. Coming up from Carlsbad Ca.
I'm planning on it. I would like to head up Friday night and camp, but I'm open to just going up Saturday. I am probably staying Saturday night and coming home early Sunday.
Hello Allen8511 , are we still a go for this 11/19 trip meeting-up at the North Shore Café at 9:00AM?
Heck yes! I'll see you guys there. Any last recommendations?


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Социология » Социология семьи
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Social Conceptions of Time: Structure and Process in Work and Everyday Life [книги]
Graham Crow, Sue Heath
Изд-во: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002, 288 с.
This book is concerned with the significance of time in work and everyday life. The contributors are among the foremost authorities in the field, and their up-to-date contributions consider the changing social meanings that time has in work, leisure and everyday routines. Together they provide a combination of theoretical and empirically-based approaches that reveal the social significance of time in all aspects of everyday lives.
Models of the Family in Modern Societies: Ideals and Realities [книги]
Catherine Hakim
Ashgate, 2004, 298 с.
This book reports on two comparative nationally representative surveys of men and women in Britain and Spain, two countries chosen to illustrate the diversity of modern European societies. The British survey was funded within the ESRC Future of Work Research Programme and was carried out by the Office of National Statistics (ONS). Using these surveys, Catherine Hakim presents a study of ideal models of the family and family roles, work orientations, patriarchal values, and lifestyle preferences, showing how these impact on women's marital histories, fertility, employment patterns, occupational segregation, and labour mobility, but not on men's labour market participation. Lifestyle preferences and work orientations have a strong impact on women's activities, and especially on married women's employment choices, but patriarchal values (which are most commonly studied by social attitude surveys) have virtually no impact on behaviour. The analyses demonstrate that political and religious values have virtually no connection with orientations to employment and family roles. The book also covers educational homogamy, housing classes and contrasts between ethnic minority groups in core values and labour market participation.
Aging and Generational Relations: Life-Course and Cross-Cultural Perspectives [книги]
Tamara K. Hareven
Walter de Gruyter, 1995
This volume features some of the papers prepared by international scholars for a 1991 conference on "aging and generational relations over the life course" at the University of Delaware.
Families, History, and Social Change: Life-Course and Cross-Cultural Perspectives [книги]
Изд-во: Westview Press, 1999, 374 с.
One of the prevailing myths about the American family is that there once existed a harmonious family with three generations living together, and that this "ideal" family broke down under the impact of urbanization and industrialization. The essays in Families, History, and Social Change challenge this myth and provide dramatic revisions of simplistic notions about change in the American family. In these interdisciplinary essays that are deeply rooted in history, Hareven provides important perspectives on family relations in the present, dispels myths about family relations in the past, offers new directions in research and interpretation, and revises our understanding of social change. Hareven's essays, which are based on thirty years of research, combine empirical evidence with theoretical frameworks and discussions of the state of the art in this exciting field. The essays cover a wide spectrum of issues and topics such as the organization of the family and the household, the networks available to children as they were growing up, the role of the family in the process of industrialization, the division of labor in the family along gender lines, and the relations between the generations in the later years of life. Coincidentally, the essays revolve around three central themes: The family's interaction with the process of industrialization, the life course, and the development of the field of family history--and its future directions. They are both interdisciplinary and cross-cultural. Professor Hareven is a pioneer and leader in the development of the field of family history. Her work makes a major contribution to the theoretical and substantive aspects of scholarship on family life, past and present, and on social change. Her essays also provide a fine understanding of this field's development.
Mothering and Ambivalence [книги]
Wendy Hollway
Изд-во: Routledge, 1997, 216 с.
Parenting, lone motherhood and the breakdown of the family ae all subjects of current political and social debate in the West, and there is little agreement among cultural commentators on what mothers should be, what children need, and how those needs conflict with the needs of parents. Feminists have played a large part in these debates in recent years, reacting particularly to negative portrayal of lone mothers in the press and the implications thay they are the source of other social problems. Mothering and Ambivalence brings together authors from therapeutic, academic and social work backgrounds to address these issues, but counters the reluctance of current feminist literature to embrace psychoanalytic understandings of dependency, anxiety and identity. Drawing on extensive professional experience the contributors use psychoanalysis to go beyond the often simplistic claims of the political debate to mothering. In their discussions of parenting and gender relations within families, the authors also surmount the narrowness of purely feminist polemics, keeping in view the importance of the diverse identities for women who become mothers. For all who are frustrated with the polarised debate about women's and children's needs and rights, this book offers and intersubjective approach to the emotional life of mothers, examining what it feels like to mother amid the pressures of contemporary social life.
The Second Shift [книги]
Anne Machung, Arlie Hochschild
Изд-во: Penguin Books, 2003, 352 с.
Fifteen years after its first publication, The Second Shift remains just as important and relevant today as it did then. As the majority of women entered the workforce, sociologist and Berkeley professor Arlie Hochschild was one of the first to talk about what really happens in dual-career households. Many people were amazed to find that women still did the majority of childcare and housework even though they also worked outside the home. Now, in this updated edition with a new introduction from the author, we discover how much things have, or have not, changed for women today.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Turkey slams 'arrogant' German reaction to Erdogan poll call
The latest spat between Ankara and Berlin risks propelling a months-long strain on ties between the two NATO allies to a new level ahead of Germany's September 24 general election.
(AFP) Turkey lashed out on Saturday at the "arrogant" German reaction to comments by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan urging ethnic Turks in Germany to vote against parties in Chancellor Angela Merkel's ruling coalition.
Erdogan said ethnic Turks in the country should not cast their ballots for Merkel's Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the Social Democratic Party (SPD) of Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel or the Greens, labelling all three parties "enemies of Turkey."
Gabriel condemned Erdogan's comments as an "unprecedented act of interference" while Merkel's spokesman Steffen Seibert said on Twitter: "We expect foreign governments to not interfere in our internal affairs."
The SPD's chancellor candidate Martin Schulz went even further, saying Erdogan had "lost all sense of proportion."
But Turkish Deputy Prime Minister Bekir Bozdag, who is also the official government spokesman, defended Erdogan's comments saying they were only aimed at Turkish-origin voters in Germany.
"This was expressed very openly and clearly. But then look at these very disrespectful and very arrogant reactions that go beyond the bounds of decency," he said in televised comments. "I want to condemn these reactions and the disrespectful language used."
Bozdag accused Germany of meddling in Turkey's April 16 referendum on expanding Erdogan's powers saying the German "government's attitude was very clear" in backing the 'No' camp.
He also reaffirmed past Turkish accusations against Germany that it was giving refuge both to wanted Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) militants and suspected plotters in the July 15, 2016, failed coup bid.
"Germany supports the PKK," Bozdag said. "The PKK is a terror group but Germany quite clearly gives it protection."
Analysts said that some 1.2 million people of Turkish origin will have the right to vote in the September polls as German citizens.


text:
Кассава.
 Растение:
 Животное:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The QPhoneCallImpl class provides a base class for specific phone call implementations.
Phone call providers (e.g. GSM and VoIP) inherit from the QPhoneCallProvider class and override the create() method to create a QPhoneCallImpl instance that is specific to their requirements.
Client applications should use QPhoneCall and QPhoneCallManager to make and receive phone calls. Only the server-side providers need to use QPhoneCallProvider and QPhoneCallImpl.
For AT-based modems, phone call providers should consider using QModemCall instead of QPhoneCallImpl.
See also QPhoneCallProvider and QModemCall.
This enum defines actions that a phone call can perform in its current state.
QPhoneCallImpl::None 0 No actions are possible.
QPhoneCallImpl::Accept 0x0001 Incoming call that can be accepted.
QPhoneCallImpl::Hold 0x0002 Connected call that can be put on hold.
QPhoneCallImpl::ActivateCall 0x0004 Held call that can be individually activated.
QPhoneCallImpl::ActivateGroup 0x0008 Held call that can be activated with its group.
QPhoneCallImpl::Join 0x0010 Call which can be joined to a multi-party conversation.
QPhoneCallImpl::JoinAndDetach 0x0020 Call which can be joined to a multi-party conversation, with the local user being detached.
QPhoneCallImpl::Tone 0x0040 DTMF tones are possible on this connected call.
QPhoneCallImpl::Transfer 0x0080 Call can be transferred to another number.
The Actions type is a typedef for QFlags<Action>. It stores an OR combination of Action values.
Creates a new phone call implementation object and attaches it to provider. The identifier is a globally-unique value that identifies the call. If identifier is empty, then this constructor will allocate a new identifier.
The callType indicates the type of call to be constructed (Voice, Data, Fax, VoIP, etc).
Destroys this phone call implementation object. Providers should not delete call implementation objects themselves. The objects will be automatically deleted when the call transitions into an end state (HangupLocal, HangupRemote, Missed, etc), or when the QPhoneCallProvider that owns this object is deleted.
Accepts an incoming call. The call must be in the Incoming state. The default implementation does nothing.
Returns the actions that can be performed on this call in its current state.
Activates this call and takes it off hold. The scope indicates whether the activation relates to this call only (QPhoneCall::CallOnly), or the entire call group (QPhoneCall::Group). The default implementation does nothing.
Returns the call type for this call. The callType indicates the type of call to be constructed (Voice, Data, Fax, VoIP, etc).
Returns the data port that will be used for passing the body of a data call to client applications. Returns -1 if not set.
Dials a call according to the specified options. The default implementation sets number() to the value specified in options, but does not do anything else.
Emits the notification() signal with the parameters type and value.
This is a public method that emits the protected notification() signal. It is intended for use in QPhoneCallProvider implementations.
Signal that is emitted when the floor state changes to haveFloor in response to a requestFloor(), releaseFloor(), or implicit release. Also emitted when the upstream floorAvailable state changes.
Hangs up this call and/or all other calls of its type (active/held). The scope indicates whether the hangup relates to this call only (QPhoneCall::CallOnly), or the entire call group (QPhoneCall::Group). The default implementation does nothing.
Puts this call on hold. The default implementation fails the request indicating that hold is not supported by emitting the requestFailed() signal.
Returns the globally-unique identifier that is associated with this call.
Joins the active and held calls together and makes them all active. If detachSubscriber is true, then the current subscriber is detached from the conversation. The default implementation fails the request indicating that join is not supported by emitting the requestFailed() signal.
Signal that is emitted when the auxiliary notification type is set to value.
Returns the phone number associated with the party on the other end of this call. Returns an empty string if the other party is unknown (e.g. caller id is disabled).
Returns the provider that is associated with this call.
Releases the floor in a voice group call. The floorChanged() signal should be emitted when the floor state changes. If the phone call type does not support the floor, this function should do nothing.
Signal that is emitted when a specific type of request fails.
See also hold() and join().
If secs is -1, then requests the floor until explicitly released by a call to releaseFloor().
The floorChanged() signal should be emitted when the floor state changes.
Sets the actions that can be performed on this call. This should be called before setState() as the actions are only advertised to client applications when the state changes.
See also actions() and setState().
Sets the data port that will be used for passing the body of a data call to client applications to port. This should be set before changing the call's state to QPhoneCall::Connected with setState().
Sets the phone number associated with this call. This should be set on an outgoing call before setting the state to QPhoneCall::Dialing, and on an incoming call before setting the state to QPhoneCall::Incoming.
Sets the call's state and emits the stateChanged() signal. If the call has already ended, the state change will be ignored.
Once the call ends, the QPhoneCallProvider will arrange for this object to be deleted upon the next entry to the event loop.
Returns the state that this call is currently in.
See also setState(), stateChanged(), and QPhoneCall::state().
Signal that is emitted when the call's state changes.
See also state() and setState().
Sends a sequence of DTMF tones over the call. Ignored if the call is not connected, or it is on hold. The default implementation does nothing.
Transfers the call to a new number and then discontinues this call. The default implementation fails the request indicating that transfer is not supported by emitting the requestFailed() signal.


This is another fabulous library find - "The alphabet tree" by Leo Lionni. An oldie - published in 1968 - but a goodie.
The alphabet tree is full of letters, living a happy life, hopping from leaf to leaf on the highest twigs. However, when the wind blows, some letters are blown away and the remaining letters are frightened.
Luckily, the word-bug visits and explains that if the letters stick together and form words, they will be strong enough to resist the wind's force. He is right, and the letters, or words, are safe.
A wandering caterpillar sees the words and is confused by their apparent randomness. "Why don't you get together and make sentences - and mean something?"
The caterpillar is pleased with the sentences formed by the letters but encourages them further. "You must say something important." said the caterpillar. Their message - I won't spoil it for you! - is one that is still relevant today.
I love the gentle teaching philosophy behind this book, the slow beginning of understanding letters, then words, then sentences, all building up to the importance of communication and making your words count. This book lends itself beautifully to teaching the alphabet, as well as all the wonderful artwork it could inspire.
So we just had to make our own alphabet tree! And after creating our small version, I've decided that when Annalise is ready to learn the alphabet, I am going to make a huge, moveable one that will not only inspire her learning but be a thing of beauty and joy! Stay tuned, my friends!
Meanwhile, to make our small tree, I painted a cheap canvas with a blue sky and brown earth and added a tree. Then I used a white wax crayon on watercolour paper to draw tiny leaf veins, painted over them with green paint in rough leaf shapes and cut them out. (Note the use of "I" - we were going to do it together but then the kids' distraction grew in direct correlation to my focus!). However, Annalise was back at my side to help stamp the letters. She stamped random letters on the leaves but contributed the word 'peace' to our ideas. We used a spray adhesive to attach the leaves, and added the word-bug and caterpillar as well.
Here's hoping the letters on our alphabet tree live a happy life too!
Hi Karen, you seem to find the most lovely children's books. I've spent the past half hour looking through your site and loving it! Thank you for your reviews and arty inspiration.
PS. Where did you find these sweet stamps?
Thanks for all your kind comments, Kylie! Yes, Monkey Magoo is made from linen - lovely and textured. The stamps are from a Melb. shop Zetta Florence - expensive but I think we'll all use them for years of art projects.


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Q: Understanding how a password breaker works Why does the following code break the excel password protect? Every sheet I have broken with it has had a password similar to 'AAAAABABABAWA', but I doubt these are the actual passwords.
It seems we have a bunch of integers with a strange range. Any idea how it works?

Sub PasswordBreaker()
      'Breaks worksheet password protection.
      Dim i As Integer, j As Integer, k As Integer
      Dim l As Integer, m As Integer, n As Integer
      Dim i1 As Integer, i2 As Integer, i3 As Integer
      Dim i4 As Integer, i5 As Integer, i6 As Integer
      On Error Resume Next
      For i = 65 To 66: For j = 65 To 66: For k = 65 To 66
      For l = 65 To 66: For m = 65 To 66: For i1 = 65 To 66
      For i2 = 65 To 66: For i3 = 65 To 66: For i4 = 65 To 66
      For i5 = 65 To 66: For i6 = 65 To 66: For n = 32 To 126
      ActiveSheet.Unprotect Chr(i) & Chr(j) & Chr(k) & _
          Chr(l) & Chr(m) & Chr(i1) & Chr(i2) & Chr(i3) & _
          Chr(i4) & Chr(i5) & Chr(i6) & Chr(n)
      If ActiveSheet.ProtectContents = False Then
          MsgBox "One usable password is " & Chr(i) & Chr(j) & _
              Chr(k) & Chr(l) & Chr(m) & Chr(i1) & Chr(i2) & _
              Chr(i3) & Chr(i4) & Chr(i5) & Chr(i6) & Chr(n)
           Exit Sub
      End If
      Next: Next: Next: Next: Next: Next
      Next: Next: Next: Next: Next: Next
  End Sub

A: This particular password mechanism is terrible. Many different passwords will work to unlock it. The script tries a bunch starting from AAAAAAAAAAAA, and stops on the first one that works. That's why it says "One usable password is"—there are many usable passwords.
In detail, the input password is passed through a scrambler that produces a 16-bit output, regardless of input password length. Since there are only 65,536 possible 'scrambled' values that are checked against, and many billions of possible input passwords, for any password that you set, there are billions of other different passwords that will work to unlock it.
Most password mechanisms are not so insecure.
See: How does Excel's worksheet password protection work

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Voted Akron Beacons Best 2012, 2011 and 2010 Top 10 Finalist!
Rally to Hunt Club. Discover a world far beyond your expectations. Inside you will find everything from optional fireplaces to hardwood & ceramic tile floors. Outside you'll find lighted tennis courts, carports and garages, a swimming pool, a fully-equipped exercise facility, plus indoor spa and sauna.
Conveniently located, yet comfortably secluded, Hunt Club is located off Route 18 (West Market Street) at I-77. We are close to restaurants, entertainment and shopping. Just 5 minutes away is Summit Mall, making downtown Akron only a brief commute. Within a half hour you can also enjoy all of the exciting activities that downtown Cleveland and scenic Lake Erie have to offer.
Leasing Office 100 Hunt Club Dr.


Teacher: I Am Not an Outlier!
Guest blogger Brad Clark is a 2013-2014 Hope Street Group fellow and Lead Gifted Teacher for Woodford County Public Schools.
When a handful of state legislators in the Kentucky General Assembly introduced House BIll 215 to repeal the KY Core Academic Standards (KCAS), I did not consider it anything other than an attack on the work that my 94 students over the past three years have invested in my classroom and their own learning. Ask any of my students: there have been tears; blood, sweat and intellectual tears. They have worked their tails off. I have a deep respect for them because of their diligence and willingness to persevere. I never worked that hard in school.
As a teacher under the KCAS, I have grown more in three years through my own investigation of the Common Core State Standards than I had the previous four years on the job plus a Master of Arts degree and a Certification in Gifted Education combined. The KCAS are sort of like a parable: They are simple on the surface but upon further reflection, they open up like a lotus flower. There is beauty in their design.
I have the freedom to design a rich curriculum that incorporates principles of design thinking, imparts higher level literary analysis and criticism, interweaves patterns and themes of human behavior throughout History with analysis of literary characters as they are designed by various authors. This freedom is a direct extension of my exploration of the KCAS.
This is my experience with the Common Core and I am not an outlier. I am a voice of one but there are many like me sitting in classrooms all over the Commonwealth.
There are nearly 43,000 teachers in KY. For every square mile in our state, you can find a teacher. I wonder how many of us believe we are better teachers now than we were three years ago? How many teachers across the Commonwealth are fast becoming masters of data-based instruction as a result of the KCAS?
I do not understand how anyone that understands KY schools could be in opposition to the KCAS. Our students are learning content, concepts, critical thinking processes and skills that I was never afforded in my pre- KERA and post-KERA schooling. The difference between my learning experiences K-12 and those of my elementary students is not even comparable. Not even close.
We have entered an era of learning that cares more about growth than achievement. When students, teachers and administrators are all expected to grow and a culture that values growth is formed, the natural by-product is achievement.
It is too early to look to longitudinal research on student growth and achievement in our state. It does not exist. But our students are growing. Go to a classroom; find out: We expect more of our children. Kentuckians can thank KCAS for this paradigm shift.
Our teachers are growing. We are tearing down the silos that plague our profession. We are stepping out of our classrooms. We are extending our expertise to the rest of nation. We are building an interconnected network of teacher leaders that seeks to highlight the best resources and strategies used by master educators throughout the state. Teachers across the Commonwealth are finally finding their voice, a voice with a clear purpose: improving our schools, advocating for our students and elevating our profession. Teachers can thank KCAS for this paradigm shift.
I am not mad at the legislators that proposed HB215. Surely, they must have concerns that drive them to do what is best for kids. But I must speak very plainly: We cannot afford to reverse the clock on the 652,317 kids and 42,943 teachers in our 1,233 public schools. That is exactly what HB215 would do were it to pass the legislature. That is unacceptable.
Students and teachers alike have worked too hard over the past three years to be the best versions of themselves, to meet their untapped potential.
I can no longer stay silent on matters that affect my fellow teachers and the hundreds of thousands of students that each KY teachers represent. I can no longer sit quietly idling while others, who do not truly understand the implications of HB215, make decisions that could potentially erase all of our progress. I am not an outlier. I am one of nearly 43,000 teachers in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and it is time for each of us to exercise our voice.


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The author is Mitchell Langbert, an associate professor of business at Brooklyn College, who thanks the Searle Freedom Trust, which traditionally funds conservative and libertarian organizations, for supporting his project. Langbert's blog and other writings are likewise consistently conservative and "Republicanesque." We know that overdoing citation of percentages can be alienating in a column like this, so we urge readers to stock up on statistics yourselves by extracting, printing out, and doing a thorough read-mark-learn-and-understand engagement with Langbert's. Here's an unavoidable and, I hope, helpful dipping into his statistical pool and assertions.


text:
Kornelijus Platelis was born in 1951 in Šiauliai. He published his first poems in 1977 and is the author of ten collections of verse: Žodziai ir dienos (Words and Days; 1980), Namai ant tilto (Home on the Bridge; 1984), Pinklės vėjui (Snare for the Wind; 1987), Luoto kevalas (The Boat Shell; 1990), Prakalbos upei (Orations to the River, 1995), Atoslūgio juosta (Tidemark, 2000), Palimpsestai (Palimpsests, 2004), Karstiniai reiškiniai (Cave Phenomena, 2010), Eilėraščiai, (Poems, 2014), and Įtrūkusios mėnesienos (Ruptured Moonlight, 2018). His extended essay on the ecology of culture, Būstas prie Nemuno (Being by the Nemunas), was published in 1989 and Ir mes praeiname (And We Are Passing) in 2011. He has also translated many of the most important American and British poets – among them Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, Seamus Heaney, Robert Bringhurst, John Keats, e.e. cummings, Ted Hughes, Czesław Miłosz (poems and "The History of Polish Literature"), Wisława Szymborska, Artur Mędrzyrzecki, Adam Mickiewicz, Adam Naruszwicz – and has been instrumental in developing commentary for a new Lithuanian edition of the Bible. Among his many honors and awards is the National Award for Culture and Arts in 2002. Platelis is the initiator and organizer of the annual international literary festival Druskininkai Poetic Fall. His poetry is noted for its deeply intellectual voice, and inventive use of archetype and myth. It is a mixture of political and declarative styles on the one hand and mystical intensity and metaphysical questioning on the other. His poetry is translated into Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Chinese, English, French, Gaelic, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Latvian, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian and appeared in various editions. His poetry collections were published in Bulgaria, Italy, Poland, Slovenia, and USA (3).
Jonas Zdanys
Kornelijus Platelis - The passion according to Pilate
Poem from the poetry book "Ruptured Moonlight"
translated by Jonas Zdanys


If you can bear to leave Danny Cottage for the day and take a day trip out the choice is endless. From Canterbury to the East and Portsmouth to the West you are able to relive history from the 4000 year old Neolithic 'long barrows' to Roman villas, Norman castles, mediaeval villages, Tudor ships, Napoleonic towers, Victorian follies, industrial museums, wartime bunkers, and 1930 Art Deco De La Warr Pavilion.
The South is the garden of England and there is a huge variety and number of gardens that can be visited. Wakehurst Place, owned by the Royal Horticultural Society at Kew, Leonardslee, Sheffield Park, Groombridge Place, and the most magnificent Sissinghurst are just a few. Many vineyards and orchards also welcome visitors.
Maybe you also want to see some city life, well Danny Cottage is a great base for that too. You are only an hour and a half away from London by train. Brighton (30 minutes) is one of England's most cosmopolitan centres with international shopping, theatres that often have pre-London runs, concerts, opera, museums, galleries and a major annual arts festival in May each year. The Royal Pavilion is not to be missed. Lewes and Royal Tunbridge Wells are both charming towns steeped in history and are well known antique centres. Eastbourne, a classic seaside town, hosts the pre-Wimbledon International Ladies Tennis Tournament and has beautiful seafront gardens.
Arundel, Hever, Hastings, Bodiam and Leeds, Lewes and Herstmonceaux are just a few of the many castles to visit on a day trip. Chichester and Canterbury Cathedral, Michelham Priory, and Battle Abbey as well as the many smaller churches found in every little village, are full of historical and architectural interest. Portsmouth Harbour provides a fascinating day away absorbing England's naval history. You can tour ancient ships including the Mary Rose (Henry VIII's War Ship), HMS Victory (Lord Nelson's Flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar) and HMS Warrior (the world's first iron-hulled armoured warship as well as a very comprehensive museum.
The South East also has many attractions for families. For the young ones Drusillas Zoo, known as the best small zoo in England is a must. Allow plenty of time as you will not be able to get the kids out of the playground. There are farm animals at Middle Farm (also a great farm shop) is one of many farm parks in the area and for every age, Knock Hatch Adventure Park (with Ski Slope), New Haven Fort, Paradise Park are all great fun. Sealife Centres are in Hastings and Brighton and there are very good zoos in Kent and Hampshire. Danny Cottage is full of guidebooks and brochures telling you about all of these attractions.
Many authors, artists, and other famous people were attracted to the area and their works and lives are represented in museums and some of their homes are open to visitors. Chaucer, Dickens, Hilaire Belloc, Virginia Wolf, Duncan Grant, Rudyard Kipling, Henry James, Winston Churchill, Ellen Terry, all lived in, loved or wrote about this corner of England.
Danny Cottage is popular with the visitors and artistes during the Glyndebourne season. The famous opera house is only 20 minutes away.


She is one of the artistic leaders and founder of the theatre-group 'VastGoedToneel'. They use locations for their improv theatre shows. For example a tall ship, a canal house, an empty shop or an old school building. As a theatermaker she makes theatre projects mostly on location and with different art disciplines, like dance, voice, music, visual and audio art. She uses her profession as an art or as an art-craft to give people a skill: acting skills for impro for example. She likes teaching because it is special to add to someone's development.
She is also involved with an international group IIIF.02 Instant Interdisciplinair Improvisation.Last year her theater art-project 'Be-Min' won the Golden C price 2018.


text:
access my records
PSU Online/D2L
University Studies: Senior Capstone
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Faculty Profile profile for debs
Deborah Smith Arthur
Deborah Smith Arthur, Associate Professor, graduated from Trinity College in Hartford, CT, in 1988 with a B.A. in Religion. She earned her M.A. in Black Studies from The Ohio State University in 1990, with a focus on African American children and youth, and earned her J.D. from The University of Connecticut School of Law in 1993. Deb received the Joseph F. Noonan Award for outstanding legal scholarship with a commitment to public service from the University Of Connecticut School of Law. After law school Deb moved to Portland, where she practiced criminal defense law for ten years, specializing in representing juveniles in adult criminal court. In September 2003, Deb began teaching at Portland State University, facilitating Capstones in the areas of juvenile justice and educational equity. She has also taught Freshman Inquiry at Roosevelt High School as well as on the PSU campus, in the theme areas of Metamorphosis, and Race and Social Justice. Her service to the University Studies Program has also included coordinating Capstone faculty development. She was a member of the PSU Student Conduct Committee from 2008-2012, and was the Chair of that committee for the latter two years. She also serves on the Capstone Committee. In 2011, Deb was awarded a Civic Engagement Award for Excellence in Community-based Teaching and Learning from Portland State University, and in 2012 her Juvenile Justice Capstone course was recognized by the Multnomah County Board of County Commissioners for Outstanding Volunteer Service with the Department of Community Justice. Deb is a certified "Inside Out Prison Exchange" instructor. She has written and presented on university/corrections partnerships. Deb is also a longtime volunteer with the Oregon Youth Authority in numerous capacities and has also volunteered with the the Oregon Department of Corrections, organizing and facilitating a Running Club at Coffee Creek Correctional Facility.
debs@pdx.edu
CH 117R
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text:
We, the girls of Scoil Bhríde (Cailíní), Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, declare the following to be our Proclamation for Modern Ireland and for the Future:
We proclaim a peaceful, kind and harmonious society where everyone is welcomed and respected – whether they come from Ireland or from a land across the sea. We respect and celebrate different cultures, languages, religions and traditions. We know from the old Irish saying that 'ar scáth a chéile a mhaireann na daoine'.
We love our own language, Gaeilge. Tír gan teanga, tír gan anam. A country without its language is a country without its soul. We love to play Irish music, to dance our national dances and to play our national games. We pledge to keep the Irish language and culture alive so that we can pass them on to future generations.
Taitníonn ceol Gaelach, damhsaí Gaelacha agus cluichí Gaelacha linn. Is cúis onóra dúinn ár gcultúr a choimeád slán agus beo do na daoine a thiocfaidh in ár ndiaidh.
We know that everyone is unique. We believe that everyone's individuality should be valued and encouraged. Even though we are all different, we believe that everyone is equal. We will strive for a society that cherishes all the people of Ireland equally, including those who are vulnerable or challenged.
We believe in honesty and truthfulness and we believe that friendship and love are the keys to happiness. We believe that every child has the right to play and to make friends, that everyone should love and be loved.
We declare that every individual should show responsibility and care for other people. We are global citizens and we believe that we have a responsibility to help people in need all over the world. If anyone sees a person in trouble, they should show responsibility and help them. If we treat others as we would like them to treat us, the world will be a happy, peaceful place.
We acknowledge that healthy living is important for everybody. We promise to make healthy choices about our lifestyle, to stay fit and to help others to do the same. We believe that every citizen of Ireland should get good medical care when they have to go to hospital and that every hospital should have enough beds for the patients.
Everyone in the world has the right to a warm, safe, secure home. We demand that homelessness in Ireland is brought to an end. Every person in this country has the right to have a roof over her head and an adequate supply of food and water. This right should be respected.
Every person in Ireland has the right to education. We believe that knowledge and wisdom make the world go round. All children have the right to go to school to learn and we should always strive to achieve our highest potential.
We know that Ireland is a beautiful country. We promise to look after plants and animals, to avoid litter and pollution and to protect our environment by recycling as often as we can. We want the people of Ireland to be leaders in looking after our planet. We do not want Planet Earth to be taken for granted. We promise to keep our own lovely country pleasant and green so that everybody can enjoy its natural beauty.
We salute all those who came before us. We honour their memories and we undertake to make the most of all the opportunities they have made possible for us.
We stand ready to take our place in the world, confidently and with pride.


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What Stories Tell Stories
danyaglabau December 9, 2016 December 10, 2016 Writing
I'm working on several projects right now – turning my dissertation on food allergy advocacy into a book, exploring the enmeshment of financial techniques with biomedical research, and launching a VR art series with a group of women artists – and one thing that ties my approach to all of them together is concern about the narrative frameworks we use to talk about science, technology, and progress. Three books I've read this fall are grounding my thoughts about the narrative challenges of storytelling in our technoscientific world.
First and foremost is Donna Haraway's new book, Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene (Duke University Press). In it, Haraway continues her long-term project of denaturalizing the categories of species and kind. She is also in conversation here with multidisciplinary concerns about the anthropocene: the idea that we live in a unique age, the characteristic feature of which is the impact of humans upon the planet and the organisms and global systems (like climate) that we share it with. Characteristically ironic and contrarian, she has her own name for our times: the chthulucene. The chthulucene is the age of the dark and forgotten ones, the ones under the earth, the organisms too small in scale for our regard and the processes too large in scale for us to understand. The chthonic ones "have no truck with ideologues; they belong to no one; they write and luxuriate in manifold forms and manifold names in all the airs, waters, and places of earth. They make and unmake; they are made and unmade. They are who are."
Donna Haraway, remember, is the same writer who declared in the Cyborg Manifesto that we need to do away with origin stories that posit fundamental breaks within the self.The narrative problem for Haraway's Chthulucene is how to tell stories that do chthonic actors and scales justice. One response enacted in this book is to be willing to tell intricate stories that involve humans, technologies, and non-human organisms as actors, but not as actors in identical ways. Pigeons in current pigeon fancier communities still have pigeon agency and pigeon ethics and pigeon love for other pigeons and their humans. They can do pigeon science in cooperation with attentive human caretakers and scientists. Sheep for the Navajo have figured as material wealth and symbolic wealth as well as economically-important natural resources; the history of Navajo sheep is also a history of colonization, genocide, instrumental scientific reason, identity politics, globalization, woven blankets, and the humans and sheep dogs who tend them.
SF holds these stories together. SF is both a referent – "science fiction, speculative fabulation, string figures, speculative, feminism, science fact" – and a method of telling stories that is complex, relational, and attentive to connections and oppression. It is a mode of weaving, metaphoric kin to the weaving practices of (not-simply-traditional) Navajo weavers, weaving together materials and meanings and histories to produce partial connections, subjective positions, and persons of many species. As Haraway writes,
"It matters what we use to think other matters with; it matters what stories we tell to tell other stories with; it matters what knots knot knots, what thoughts think thoughts, what descriptions describe descriptions, what ties tie ties. It matters what stories make worlds, what worlds make stories."
The stories we tell in and about technoscience, who tells them, about whom, and how, all matter for our relational and political futures.
Added to the mix are recent books by Janet Roitman and Ann Stoler. Both books question how key concepts shape our understanding of histories. At stake for Stoler in Duress: Imperial Durabilities in our Times (Duke University Press) is how the concept of "the colony" was mobilized in the early modern history of the European colonial project. She writes:
"Already knowing what a colony is precludes asking whether ambiguous nomenclatures, competing visions, repeated failures, and reversals of course (and the violence and fortressed settledness they engender) prefigure "the colony" as something else – rather than as a site of settlement, an always unstable and precarious project, plagued by the expectant promise (and fear) of its becoming something other than which its visionaries prescribed."
Understanding that concepts like "the colony" are unevenly and inconsistently used, and shaped through being used to structure social life, helps us see "their capacity to morph, to identify what might otherwise construe as peripheral sites of their making or as uncertain, wayward, deviating features, set aside because they seem to lead us astray." By allowing concepts flexibility, we may thus be motivated to uncover more accurate stories about the past and be more imaginative about the political possibilities of the future those pasts produce.
In the extended-essay-in-book-form Anti-Crisis (Duke University Press), Roitman's concern is how "crisis" was the go-to narrative framework used by both popular and scholarly writers to tell the more recent history of the 2007-2009 United States housing market collapse. She ponders the odd ontological status of "crisis" as the lynchpin for understanding a process like the development of economic illiquidity in a market, asking,
"How did crisis, once a signifier for a critical, decisive moment, come to be construed as a protracted historical and experiential condition? The very idea of crisis as a condition suggests an ongoing state of affairs. But can one speak of a state of enduring crisis?"
What is at stake in pulling apart the crisis-as-a-given framing of accounts of historically important times is the ability to find more hard-edged and enduring critiques of the social practices that give rise to misery. If both analysts and participants alike frame a problem as a "crisis," she suggests, the critique doesn't matter, since it already is in agreement with the participants' perspective and is thus stuck quibbling over small details. Instead, she prompts us to consider:
"What are the possibilities generated by suspending crisis as the foundation of narration and critique?"
In other words, what other stories can we tell, what other worlds can we remember, in order to tell new stories and make new worlds?
So what does it mean to tell responsible stories for/in/of technoscience? I think it means a willingness to be complex. It also means being be deeply interested in history without assuming our current concepts and narrative frameworks map onto past or future configurations of nature and society. It means letting go of the idea that history and the concepts we design to describe it provide a simple road map for futures – but simultaneously recognizing that futures mushroom out of the materials of past and present. Knowing our pasts and presents in detail, understanding patterns of oppression and opportunity, means telling stories we might not reflexively think are at the center of things. It means seeking out the stories of the oppressed and forgotten and overlooked to show the full ramifications of the stories of the powerful.
Here is the methodological lesson I take from all of this. SF storytelling means taking inspiration from marginal stories to find templates for living together in times that we might otherwise experience as characterized by crisis and decline. Moreover, the concepts and narratives we use to tell our stories need to be understood as changing and changeable. "Food allergy" and "virtual" and "reality" and "biotechnology" and "the corporation" are keywords in my work, but they haven't meant the same thing all along, and by writing about them I will contribute to their ongoing metamorphosis.
So as I write and pursue new projects about contemporary technoscience, I am compelled to ask: Where are the points of resistance, collaboration, and reconfiguration of family and economic structures? Where and how can partial affinities – perhaps based on gender or race, but also based on skills, profession, shared commitments to specific caring practices – be the basis for care-ful remakings of the current social order? These are the tools that matter for making technoscience domestic, scalable, and generative. These are the stories and worlds to tell in hopes that they will generate new kinds of stories that are not premised on separation and decline and world new, more livable worlds.
Feminist Theory, STS
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Mike Lindgren says:
Well done. A more obvious point about labelling a crisis "ongoing" is that it diminishes it, making it something that one can get used to, "normalizing" it.


text:
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Connect the Dots Ginger | Becky Allen: Thursday Turkey Day - 1 Week Away!
Grandma made her famous rolls that would be so yummy and Uncle John brought his homemade jelly. Mom made her yams and later added the spinach leaf salad to the mix. (MY FAV! And sharing the recipe next week!) I remembered watching Grandma getting the turkey and taking the innards out (EWWW!) and do all the fixing to that bird.
Sadly it seems that Thanksgiving is just another day sometimes. Or Black Friday is "the real holiday." This year so many stores are opening or staying open on Thanksgiving day. Where back in the old days, my days, everyone got the day off or most of the day off. The occasional grocery store was open for those who forgot something for their meal. Now stores are opening at 6pm and staying open over night and through the next day. If you want that deal be in the store at 6pm on THANKSGIVING!
Next week don't forget to just take a moment and really say thanks to all you have! Enjoy your family, whether you are with your entire extended family, traveling from one family to the next and having multiple Thanksgiving dinners in 1 day, we have done that, it is a very filling day. Or if it is just you and your sweet. Enjoy the day. Make a new tradition. Do something new this year and try to stick to it next year! Mine is running in my first turkey trot. With my hubby. I am super excited to do this and cross the finish line holding hands! It is a healthy activity and burns some calories that I am sure I will be eating later!
1 more week. Make it a special day.
QOTD: What do you plan on doing with your family on Thanksgiving?


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Total revenue for the 2018 season was $65.8 million, up 8% from $60.7 million in 2017, when the Festival posted a surplus of $232,765.
Strong sales to all productions resulted in the highest ticket revenue in a decade – $33 million – the third-highest in the Festival's history. Roughly 105,000 newcomers attended the Festival in 2018, up from 86,000 the previous year. Shakespeare attendance rose by 6% over 2017 and accounted for a quarter of ticket sales, speaking to the rich variety of productions offered, with Martha Henry starring as Prospero in The Tempest, Robert Lepage's high-concept Coriolanus, the non-gendered casting of Julius Caesar and the gender-fluid, sold-out production of The Comedy of Errors. More than 70,000 young people visited, either with their schools or families, with the majority of that attendance being fairly equally divided among Shakespeare, To Kill a Mockingbird and The Music Man.
With The Rocky Horror Show extended to December 2, the Festival made history with its longest season ever. The production attracted more than 100,000 people, and helped broaden the Festival's base. Almost 32,000 newcomers came to see the cult hit and these newcomers bought 10,000 tickets for other productions as well.
Rocky Horror was a massive hit, but successes came from every corner. Enthusiasm for the season resulted in a record number of extensions. Four titles in addition to The Rocky Horror Show were extended: Coriolanus, To Kill a Mockingbird, The Comedy of Errors and Paradise Lost.
Paradise Lost, a Festival commission from playwright Erin Shields, was virtually sold out, reaching a capacity of over 97% for its run, and it has already been picked up by two theatres for productions in the coming year.
It joins a number of Festival creations that have recently gone on to a life beyond Stratford. Coriolanus transferred to Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, and a French version was presented at Théâtre du Nouveau Monde in Montreal. A new production of The Last Wife, a play developed at the Festival and premièred here in 2015, was mounted at Montreal's Centaur Theatre. In Toronto, Soulpepper did a production of The Virgin Trial, which premièred in Stratford in 2017, and Canadian Stage remounted the Festival's 2017 production of Tartuffe in collaboration with Crow's Theatre and the Groundling Theatre Company.
"Attended by thousands of theatregoers, these productions in other cities have greatly reinforced our own efforts to increase awareness of the Festival," said Gaffney.
The Stratford Direct bus was in great demand, with 20,000 bus tickets sold, the highest since the service began in 2013. Patrons who rode the bus bought $1.3 million worth of tickets and spent an estimated $6.7 million in the community. Prompted by this success, the Festival has expanded Stratford Direct to include service from Vaughan and Kitchener-Waterloo for the 2019 season.
The Forum continued strong with a 30% increase in attendance at paid Forum events and a 40% increase in revenue. There were a number of high attendance events, including In Conversation with Margaret Atwood, Steven Page and Art of Time, and the sold-out concert version of The Fantasticks with Eric McCormack. Other sold-out events included the Drag Cabaret, the iambic pentameter improv An Undiscovered Shakespeare, The Rocky Horror Show Song & Dance Workshops and the thought-provoking sessions Pursuit of Public Morality and Ideas: Freedom from Lies.
The season also held its own unique challenges. "In 2018, we carefully managed our expense budgets despite some ambitious projects that involved additional cost, including the compression of our work into three theatres, the extensive preparations required by the technical sophistication of Coriolanus, and the expansion of our research and development activities through the Laboratory," said Gaffney.
In 2018, a special arrangement with Canadian Actors' Equity allowed for the creation of "the Lab track" in which a company of ensemble members took on a season-long program of artistic exploration, rather than performing in a second production. This really allowed the work of the Laboratory to flourish.
Among those who visited to lead or take part in 2018 Lab projects were Greek director Thomas Moschopoulos, Japanese-Canadian choreographer Denise Fujiwara, Mohawk dance-theatre creator Santee Smith, leaders from the Deaf Arts community, including Catherine Joell MacKinnon, Chris Dodd and Jack Volpe, and U.K. trans artist and activist Emma Frankland. Director Reneltta Arluk worked with the Lab to develop Pawâkan Macbeth, conceived and adapted by Arluk and set in Cree territory in 1870s Alberta. Staged readings of the work were presented as part of the Forum. The Lab also hosted a public conference, Critically Contemporary, attended by about 65 North American theatre artists and scholars.
Chief among the accomplishments of the 2018 season are those achieved by Rachel Smith-Spencer and the Advancement team, who increased in-season fundraising to $14.5 million, while simultaneously raising more than $80 million for the new Tom Patterson Theatre Centre, slated to open in 2020. Other contributed revenues included government grants of $4.2 million and a $2.3-million transfer from the Festival's endowment.
"The strength of our in-season fundraising coupled with the astonishing success of the Spirit of the Tent Campaign for the new Tom Patterson Theatre Centre speaks to the incredible loyalty and trust that the Festival has earned over the years," said Gaffney.


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Gynecology news |
African-American women develop functional challenges earlier than others
Sep 26, 2011 Viewed: 542
African-American women develop functional health challenges earlier than their fellow seniors, researchers say
While examining self-reported data about the lives of 8,700 older people, a Case Western Reserve University sociologist identified an accelerated rate of reported physical limitations by African American women in their mid-50s and 60s.
The finding surfaced as researchers looked generally at how the intersection of gender and race/ethnicity affect health disparities among older African-Americans, Mexican-Americans and Whites.
David Warner, assistant professor of sociology at Case Western Reserve University, found that, in general, men of all racial/ethnic groups fared better than the women. And, those with education, economic means and higher net worth reported fewer physical health issues.
"But we could not find the reason why African-American women developed limitations faster than other gender and racial/ethnic groups," he said.
Warner and his co-investigator Tyson H. Brown from Vanderbilt University set out to approach health disparities in a new way by looking at gender and race/ethnicity concurrently in order to better understand health disparities.
Overall, the researchers found that gender and race/ethnicity jointly and simultaneously define access to resources that promote health and exposure to risks that undermine the health of individuals over time.
The researchers did find that life disadvantages, such as lower incomes and lack of access to health care surfacing in midlife tend to follow individuals throughout their lives and that women are particularly at risk for such disadvantages.
Social Science & Medicine reported their research findings in the article, "Understanding how race/ethnicity and gender define age-trajectories of disability: An intersectionality approach."
The investigators of the National Institutes of Health-funded study reached their conclusions from a comparative analysis of 8,701 people between the ages of 53 and 75, who answered questions over seven biennial waves (1994-2006) in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study.
Disabilities were measured from answers to self-reported survey questions that assessed mobility, strength and upper and lower body functional limitations. They also examined information about early life experiences, adult social economic status, marriage and health-related behaviors to determine what influence these might have on disabilities.
Statistical analyses of survey responses showed emerging patterns in the functional health of these seniors.
Early life events, adult socioeconomic status, marital status and health behaviors explained disparities in the limitations men experienced, but didn't do so as clearly for women.
Aging White men overall started out with less than one disabling limitation on average, but every year slightly increased until age 75 when they had slightly more than two.
Mexican-American women, who fared the worst, reached 75 with twice as many physical limitations on average as White men—nearly five.
Mexican-American men, African-American men, White men and White women did not vary significantly in the rate at which they developed disabilities as they aged. However, African-American women gained more disabilities early on. After their mid-60s, the rate of disabilities began to decrease. By age 75, it appeared the pace of acquiring disabilities had stabilized.
Warner said new information about physical health changes with age emerged when race/ethnicity and gender were jointly examined.
According to the researchers, this study's findings demonstrate the need for health-preventions efforts aimed at eliminating functional health disparities overall, but also point to the need for further research and interventions that address the unique health experiences of African American women with age.
Contact: Susan Griffith
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