text:
Mission/Values/Vision
The 4 Stages of a Team
Team Clock: A Guide to Breakthrough Teams
Useful Pain: Why Your Relationship Needs Struggle
Seeing the World Through Your Teammate's Eyes
Category: Innovation
Our contribution to our teams includes a history of bias. We each see the world through a unique lens filtered by a blend of past experiences and learning style. Often, innovation is hampered by bias. We believe we are considering every possible angle yet we're limited by the boundaries of our own perspective. Alternate views are alien and cause discomfort if they don't fit the tidy little universe we've created. What might happen if we turned it upside-down? Reflect on these two examples:
Bias: 50 years ago
Visiting friends over the weekend, we entered a warm and inviting living room with a fire blazing in the fireplace. A relaxed conversation over appetizers turned to the topic of fire building. The host invited the guests to describe the steps in building a fire. Having learned the art of fire building 50 years ago as a Cub Scout, I confidently described the process of working from the bottom up beginning with kindling and moving upward with increasingly larger wood. After all, heat rises and the little stuff gradually ignites the bigger stuff. I finished my summary by reminding everyone how to periodically stoke the fire and add logs to keep it burning.
The host smiled as his fire continued to roar unattended. There was no stoking nor did he add any logs. He shared that he, too, had learned the bottom-up tepee method of starting a fire as a boy. A few weeks ago, however, he had been challenged by a friend to consider the opposite approach. He was coached to place the largest logs at the bottom, followed by gradually smaller wood and then topping it off with a few pieces of dry kindling. His friend assured him that the burning kindling would slowly work its way down into the logs below resulting in a no-maintenance fire lasting the duration of the evening. Hours later, as we departed our friend's abode, the fire continued to crackle.
Back when my son was a Cub Scout, he participated in the annual Pinewood Derby. While some scouts focused on building cars for speed, my son was inspired by appearance. He wanted his creation scroll-sawed into the windy shape of a snake. He carefully painted the name "SNAKE" on the side of the car. Unfortunately, when he installed the wheels, the front wheel covered the "S" leaving only the "NAKE" visible to observers. The finishing touch was to craft a forked-tongue with a rubber band and attach it to the front of NAKE.
NAKE ran four races. He lost the first three by wide margins because he never made it to the end of the track. My son would dejectedly pick up his vehicle with a quizzical look. In the final heat, the dad responsible for placing the cars at the starting gate inadvertently placed NAKE backwards thinking the forked-tongue was a tail. My son protested in a desperate effort to persuade the dad to reverse NAKE's direction. It was too late. The starting gate lifted and NAKE zoomed to the finish line backwards – way ahead of his competition. He was much faster running backwards than ever imagined in his frontwards design.
Chances are someone else on the team sees the challenge differently. The wider the disparity, the greater the opportunity for something truly innovative to occur. Suspend belief long enough to imagine a future contrary to intuition. Let common sense become uncommon. How does the world look through your teammates' eyes?
Steve Ritter is an internationally recognized expert on team dynamics whose clients include Fortune 500 companies, professional sports teams, and many educational organizations. He is on the faculty of the Center for Professional Excellence at Elmhurst College where he earned the President's Award for Excellence in Teaching. Steve is the former Senior Vice President, Director of Human Resources at Leaders Bank, named the #1 Best Place to Work in Illinois in 2006 and winner of the American Psychological Association's Psychologically Healthy Workplace Award in 2010. Steve provides ongoing workplace culture consultation to many thriving companies including Kraft Foods, Advocate Health Care, Kellogg's, the Chicago White Sox, AthletiCo, and Northwestern Mutual Financial Network.
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text:
Q: building a pyparsing.Dict from a string of multiple tokens - part II I've made some progress thanks to feedback from this forum ( thanks forum!).
The pyparsing.Dict object dict is getting populated but silently fails when it finds decimal numbers.
given:
import pyparsing as pp

lines = '''\
(rate multiple)
(region "mountainous")
(elev       21439)
(alteleva  +21439)
(altelevb  -21439)
(coorda  23899.747)
(coordb +23899.747)
(coordc -23899.747)
(coordd  853.324e21)
(coorde +853.324e21)
(coordf -853.324e21)
(coordg  987.88e+09)
(coordh +987.88e+09)
(coordi -987.88e+09)
(coordj  122.45e-04)
(coordk +122.45e-04)
(coordl -122.45e-04)
'''

leftParen    = pp.Literal('(')
rightParen   = pp.Literal(')')
colon        = pp.Literal(':')
decimalpoint = pp.Literal('.')
doublequote  = pp.Literal('"')
plusorminus  = pp.Literal('+') | pp.Literal('-')
exp          = pp.CaselessLiteral('E')

v_string = pp.Word(pp.alphanums)
v_quoted_string = pp.Combine( doublequote + v_string + doublequote)
v_number = pp.Regex(r'[+-]?(?P<float1>\d+)(?P<float2>\.\d+)?(?P<float3>[Ee][+-]?\d+)?')

keyy = v_string
valu = v_string | v_quoted_string | v_number

item  = pp.Group( pp.Literal('(').suppress() + keyy + valu + pp.Literal(')').suppress() )
items = pp.ZeroOrMore( item)
dict = pp.Dict( items)

print "dict yields: ",  dict.parseString( lines).dump()

yields
- alteleva: '+21439',
- altelevb: '-21439',
- elev: '21439',
- rate: 'multiple',
- region: '"mountainous"'

Changing the order of tokens around proves the script silently fails when it hits the first decimal number, which implies there's something subtly wrong with the pp.Regex statement but I sure can't spot it.
TIA,
code_warrior

A: Your problem actually lies in this expression:
valu = v_string | v_quoted_string | v_number

Because v_string is defined as the very broadly-matching expression:
v_string = pp.Word(pp.alphanums)

and because it is the first expression in valu, it will mask v_numbers that start with a digit. This is because the '|' operator produces pp.MatchFirst objects, so the first expression matched (reading left-to-right) will determine which alternative is used. You can convert to using the '^' operator, which produces pp.Or objects - the Or class will try to evaluate all the alternatives and then go with the longest match. However, note that using Or carries a performance penalty, since many more expressions are test for a match even when there is no chance for confusion. In your case, you can just reorder the expressions to put the least specific matching expression last:
valu = v_quoted_string | v_number | v_string

Now values will be parsed first attempting to parse as quoted strings, then as numbers, and then only if there is no match for either of these specific types, as the very general type v_string.
A few other comments:
I personally prefer to parse quoted strings and only get the content within the quotes (It's a string, I know it already!). There used to be some confusion with older versions of pyparsing when dumping out the parsed results when parsed strings were displayed without any enclosing quotes. But now that I use repr() to show the parsed values, strings show up in quotes when calling dump(), but the value itself does not include the quotes. When it is used elsewhere in the program, such as saving to a database or CSV, I don't need the quotes, I just want the string content. The QuotedString class takes care of this for me by default. Or use pp.quotedString().addParseAction(pp.removeQuotes).
A recent pyparsing release introduced the pyparsing_common namespace class, containing a number of helpful pre-defined expressions. There are several for parsing different numeric types (integer, signed integer, real, etc.), and a couple of blanket expressions: number will parse any numeric type, and produce values of the respective type (real will give a float, integer will give an int, etc.); fnumber will parse various numerics, but return them all as floats. I've replaced your v_number expression with just pp.pyparsing_common.number(), which also permits me to remove several other partial expressions that were defined just for building up the v_number expression, like decimalpoint, plusorminus and exp. You can see more about the expressions in pyparsing_common at the online docs: https://pythonhosted.org/pyparsing/
Pyparsing's default behavior when processing literal strings in an expression like "(" + pp.Word(pp.alphas) + valu + ")" is to automatically convert the literal "(" and ")" terms to pp.Literal objects. This prevents accidentally losing parsed data, but in the case of punctuation, you end up with many cluttering and unhelpful extra strings in the parsed results. In your parser, you can replace pyparsing's default by calling pp.ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing and passing the pp.Suppress class:
pp.ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(pp.Suppress)

Now you can write an expression like:
item  = pp.Group('(' + keyy + valu + ')')

and the grouping parentheses will be suppressed from the parsed results.
Making these changes, your parser now simplifies to:
import pyparsing as pp

# override pyparsing default to suppress literal strings in expressions
pp.ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(pp.Suppress)

v_string = pp.Word(pp.alphanums)
v_quoted_string = pp.QuotedString('"')
v_number = pp.pyparsing_common.number()

keyy = v_string
# define valu using least specific expressions last
valu = v_quoted_string | v_number | v_string

item  = pp.Group('(' + keyy + valu + ')')
items = pp.ZeroOrMore( item)
dict_expr = pp.Dict( items)

print ("dict yields: ",  dict_expr.parseString( lines).dump())

And for your test input, gives:
dict yields:  [['rate', 'multiple'], ['region', 'mountainous'], ['elev', 21439],
['alteleva', 21439], ['altelevb', -21439], ['coorda', 23899.747], ['coordb',
23899.747], ['coordc', -23899.747], ['coordd', 8.53324e+23], ['coorde',
8.53324e+23], ['coordf', -8.53324e+23], ['coordg', 987880000000.0], ['coordh',
987880000000.0], ['coordi', -987880000000.0], ['coordj', 0.012245], ['coordk',
0.012245], ['coordl', -0.012245]]
- alteleva: 21439
- altelevb: -21439
- coorda: 23899.747
- coordb: 23899.747
- coordc: -23899.747
- coordd: 8.53324e+23
- coorde: 8.53324e+23
- coordf: -8.53324e+23
- coordg: 987880000000.0
- coordh: 987880000000.0
- coordi: -987880000000.0
- coordj: 0.012245
- coordk: 0.012245
- coordl: -0.012245
- elev: 21439
- rate: 'multiple'
- region: 'mountainous'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This cute and cozy hat and cowl set is knit in washable Sebago; 100% Australian superwash merino wool. You will need 3 146-yd hanks in complimentary colors, a ring marker, 16 in circular needle in both sizes and dp needles in the larger size for the hat shaping.
Yarn packs that include the specific colors and pattern are available through our retail partners.


This erectile dysfunction drug was initially named Nuviva. After several rounds of revision and several name changes, the drug was released as Levitra. Yes, that was me. Ask me and I will tell you what the flame really means and the story of its evolution.
GlaxoSmithKline and Bayer wanted to show that they drug was better, faster, and lasted longer than their competitors. In their project brief they stated "We want to see an erection in our logo." But because of fair balance restrictions, the phallus was morphed into the flame shape it is now.
The Gladstone Institutes' latest enterprise incorporated transparencies between research disciplines to aid in the cross-pollination of ideas. They considered this unique attribute their "fulcrum".
The design of the BioFulcrum collateral material was co-branded with the Gladstone Institutes. The subtle use of the brand color, and more overtly, the blue bar on the bottom help unify the two brands.
I proposed designs which was separate from the identity of the Gladstone Institutes. They were lighter, more clinical, with less emphasis on blue. The bright pop colors were influenced by DNA sequencing charts.
One of my suggestions to BioFulcrum was to thank their "legacy" donors with a special cloisonne pins to identify their status at Gladstone functions and events.
The new company needed very little marketing materials, so the identity manual created was short and to the point with just enough information for the internal design studio.
Initially, screen graphics were the most important asset for DaedalusBio's initial presentations. For such instances the logo was presented with an extend pattern of the labyrinth. Though shown here as just PowerPoint graphic, the pattern was used in other print and digital projects.
Suggestions for company gifts were practical, stylish, and "techy". The symbol looks striking and appropriate on a Kor water bottle or a Moleskine notebook.
Gladstone continued with their enterprises with Cure Network Ventures. The new start-up concentrated on networking scientists working on similar research hoping to to aid in scientific discovery.
Thought all three Gladstone enterprises have similar colors and typography, the Cure Network Ventures identity concentrated on creating transparencies (simulated or actual) to reflect the transparency of research done by the company.
Suggestions for the collateral material was to take a lighter more transparent tone and that imagery centered around human interactions rather on the science.
The bioscience start-up needed a corporate logo as well as three others to represent their main areas of research for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
The logo for this website is targeted to the underserved audience of Hispanic diabetes patients. The aim of the logo is to help motivate the audience, with a warrior spirit, to control their blood sugar thru diet, exercise, and proper medication.


text:
Books, Movies & Stories
20 Years After 2008 post shtf movie
arrexian
ruralist
Everything that could go wrong did go wrong: War, Terrorism, Natural Disasters. Evacuees were ushered from the cities to refugee camps in the surrounding counties. In-fighting, famine and disease took their toll on the survivors. Now, twenty years after the bombs fell and the plagues ran their course the few that remain live in fear and without hope. Azura Skye (28 DAYS, ONE MISSED CALL) stars as Sarah in this Post-Apocalyptic Fairy Tale about a young woman's journey to deliver the first child born in 15 Years. Sarah's refusal to give up is inspired by a lone voice on her radio. Michael (Joshua Leonard, THE BLAIR WITCH PROJECT) broadcasts dim and distant messages of hope mixed with the music he scavenges from the dead. Forced from her basement home by drought and relentlessly pursued by those who want her baby, Sarah crosses paths with Michael in a cavernous, underground refuge of disparate survivors. It is from Three Caves that Michael and Sarah will embark on a journey beyond the boundaries of the Southern Corridor and into the unknown future. Nathan Baesel (BEHIND THE MASK: THE RISE OF LESLIE VERNON), Reg. E Cathey (THE WIRE) and Diane Salinger (CARNIVÁLE) co-star in this artfully rendered vision of a challenging future filled with danger, fear and hope.
(IMDB Plot Summary)
Reactions: JackBohm and Paulycracker
TruthSeeker
Looks like an interesting movie. Thanks for the preview!
When does it come out?
SeventhSon
Dances with Salmon
According to one poster on IMDB it is October 7th 2008 .
Reactions: Paulycracker
Paulycracker
I'd save it to a play list or fave it but YT is 'maintaining' itself.
DangerRat
I'll have to keep an eye out for this. Is this indicative of a growing awareness by the mainstream?
scarcherpilot
SeventhSon said:
Ironically enough, I just read on another post that Oct 7 might be a terrorist attack date.
Makes you think!
Reactions: awildchipmunk
Hmm seems this isn't a continuation of the 28 days of 28 weeks later series. Also to me the preview seems like it's recorded with an amateur camera lens, like it's a TV show or something. Doesn't look like it's going to be my bag personally, but there's been some talk here about making babies post shtf so it could interest some. Actually it's weird - the film says survivors wanted to do more than just survive post shtf, not hide like rats in caves.. were the writers watching this forum? Because I've read it before!
scarcherpilot said:
Spoooooky. . . . . .
overlordsshadow
Say no to NWO PLEASE!
Sweet! I'll watch it.
ΜΟΛΩΝ ΛΑΒ&
oooooohhh!!!!! iwannaseeiwannaseeiwannasee......
DangerRat said:
Why else? That's a very valid point you bring up. This site is growing by leaps and bounds so you would almost have to concur with that statement. :thumb:
hightech_redneck
armchair commando
I found it online...you can watch the whole thing free.....
http://www.fastpasstv.com/20-years-after-2008/
Freshgrease
#14 • Oct 1, 2008
Its on Netflix.
MCLMM
Just watched it.
I'll start out with what I liked about it:
- The main message out of this movie I guess is that it is not enough to survive, you have to LIVE or you're no better than rats living off of the decaying corpse of a once-great civilization.
- Good guys get a pickup running off alcohol fuel
- Survivors are using Emergency Broadcast Service transmitters to try and make contact with others
- It might get some of the sheep that see it to think twice about what they might do in such a situation, but that's about the most value you could get out of it.
Here's what I didn't like about it:
- The "universe" the story is set in is very small. Apart from once scene in the ruins of a city, you do not get the feeling that this is a nation-wide SHTF at all.
- The story was heavy on artsy story devices, but low on actual story. I believe that this is was a stage play before it was a movie. The film adaptation was not very well done IMHO. It was probably a kick-ass play though.
I liked the Postman much better, but kudos to the writers for getting it made.
I just wish that a knowledgeable survivalist would write a movie like this. It is ripe for a re-make (yep, five days before it is even released).
But, having said all of the above, go see it. I may have missed something important.
"I am a soldier so that my son can be a farmer, and his son can be a poet."
-John Adams
Reactions: arrexian
Discussion Starter • #16 • Oct 2, 2008
What about that black guy who seems to have total control over time and space? Wasn't much of an explaination for that and if there was I missed it!
Yeah, that's one of those artsy stage play story devices - I think even a cliched hollywood flashback would have been better. When you've got a budget and aren't tied to a single location, that sort of thing just isn't right.
Maybe the Professor was the "Ghost of Civilizations Past"?
MCLMM Oct 2, 2008

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In the early 30's, fascism and organised crime were rife.
We reviewed documentary A Deal With The Universe last week upon its release through Peccadillo Pictures.
For those of you who grew up in the nineties it's quite possible you recall such wonderful gems as the MaccyD merchandise from the original Jurassic Park film.
Fashion photographer, Lauren Marsh shoots male model Raphael Say in an exclusive editorial called 'Shooter' for Candid Magazine.
Armistead Maupin's famous book series Tales of the City illustrating the life a group of interlinked individuals in the hey days of 70s San Francisco is receiving a revival, or more aptly a continuation to the story, 26 years since the series' first foray into TV.
A Deal With the Universe is a documentary made by a transgender filmmaker, focused on a transgender man's story.
Our Norway-friendly Scandi-based Fashion Editor, Thomas Falkenstedt, sets out on a quest to see why Oslo's Serac is on everyone's lips these days.
Located on the northern tip of the isle, amid the archipelago's rich rainforest lies the Four Seasons resort Langkawi.
Audiences get the chance to see Hilary Duff (the original queen of Disney Channel, currently starring in TV's Younger) in a new light as she takes on her first horror role in the new indie film The Haunting of Sharon Tate.
At the top end of Knightsbridge with rooms overlooking Hyde Park, The Wellesley occupies one of the city's smartest postcodes.
Colby Strong as 'Blaze' on the latest version of the Hasbro Power Rangers Beast Morphers series.
When orphan Billy Batson says the name 'Shazam' he is transformed from teenager to superhero adult, using his powers just as a child would, enjoying himself rather than fighting crime.
Lacoste goes back to their tennis heritage for SS19.
Writer/ director Alice Rohrwacher is carving herself out to be an imminent and unique film-maker of the Italian but also the independent world cinema.
From Glee to glam-pop, ex-actor Rilan is rocketing into his own as both a fully-fledged songwriter and pop artist with the release of his latest single and video Love or Drugs.
Boasting gleaming skyscrapers, minarets and Mogul-style domes this vibrant city in the jungle is quickly becoming more than just a stopover for grid snapping travellers eager to reach Malaysia's many tropical Islands.
Rewind/Rewild is an upcoming exhibition in a restored North London glasshouse that explores the ecological implications of 'rewilding' and the broader possibilities for 'rewilding' human lives.
When Napapijri presented their Future-Positive campaign for SS19, set in the sprawling urban playgrounds of the city of Los Angeles, our West Coast loving Fashion Editor, Thomas Falkenstedt, couldn't but help to fall in love with the entire collection.


"Our new child care center is the latest in our ongoing efforts to expand our work-life practices at Staples"
WESTBOROUGH, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--With companies working to accommodate changing employee needs in today's fast-paced economy, Staples, Inc. announced today that it will build and maintain a state-of-the-art child care center located across from its new corporate center in Framingham, Mass.
The child care center will be the cornerstone of an initiative that focuses on work-life issues for Staples employees. Only a handful of both Massachusetts companies and retailers nationwide currently offer on-site child care. But Staples and a small number of other companies are quickly taking steps to meet the needs of their employees and achieve the competitive advantages of innovative work-life initiatives.
"Staples is committed to becoming an employer of choice nationwide," said Thomas G. Stemberg, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Staples. "We have been growing at over 30 percent a year, and we have very aggressive growth plans for the future. Therefore, we need to attract and retain the best employees, from store operations to information systems and marketing. These work-life programs, and particularly our new child care center, will help make Staples an even greater place to work."
The center will have space for 100 children ages 6 weeks to 6 years old and will support five spots for the children of welfare-to-work parents employed by Staples. The company will pay for the construction and upkeep of the center, so the rates for employees will be competitive. Although Staples expects the child care center to be fully subscribed, any spaces that remain open after being offered to company employees will be available to the local community.
The center is scheduled to open in spring 1999 and will be run by Bright Horizons, a child care organization that is gaining national recognition for its innovative child development and education programs, cutting edge design and first-rate management. Bright Horizons has an unsurpassed record of accreditation from the National Association for the Education of Young Children and has been selected by Fortune as one of the 100 best companies to work for in America.
"The trend is being driven by several factors, including the tight labor market," said Bright Horizons President Linda Mason. Employer-sponsored child care programs are increasing about five times faster than other child care. The trend is also being driven by women who are going back to work in greater numbers after having children, and it's being sparked by a new awareness of the importance of early childhood development, according to Mason.
The Staples child care center will be more than just child care, Mason said. It will be education. The program will focus on emotional, intellectual and physical development. Pre-school children will use Language Works, a curriculum element that creates language-rich classrooms, and helps children gain writing, speaking, listening and reading skills.
The child care center will offer the added benefit of emergency back-up care based on availability for those not regularly using the center. A summer camp program for toddlers and pre-school children will be available to those who are regularly enrolled or who wish to be enrolled only for the summer months. A School Age Program that includes school vacations, holidays and snow days will be available for older children ages 4 years to 13 years of Staples employees at the corporate center.
Employer-sponsored child care supports exceptional quality, Mason said. With Staples paying for the center, for instance, there is even more funding available to provide superior child care. This leads to highly qualified teachers and a stable workplace. Nationwide, Bright Horizons pays teachers about 30 percent more than the national average and has a turnover rate of roughly half the national average.
"Our new child care center is the latest in our ongoing efforts to expand our work-life practices at Staples," said Penny Outlaw, Director of Associate Relations and Diversity at Staples. "In addition to offering a comprehensive Employee Assistance Program that includes child and elder care referral services, adoption assistance referral services and dependent education referral services, Staples also offers adoption financial assistance and sick dependent days." Additionally, as of August 1, Staples will extend its practices to include alternate working arrangements such as flex time and telecommuting.
The new child care center will be across from the company's new $84 million world corporate center, which will encompass 640,000 square feet on 82 acres of land. Scheduled for completion in October 1998, it will be one of the largest suburban office developments built in Massachusetts in the last 10 years. The corporate center's two six-story brick and reflective glass towers will be connected by a three-level amenities center and complemented by landscaping, walking trails and outdoor eating areas.
"Staples has a long and successful history with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts," Stemberg said, "beginning with the opening of our first store in Brighton in 1986 and continuing with the 35 Massachusetts stores we have today. Our new corporate center in Framingham reaffirms our commitment to the region's economy and future."
Staples, Inc. is a $5 billion retailer of office supplies, furniture and technology to consumers and businesses from home-based businesses to Fortune 50 companies in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Germany. Staples, headquartered outside Boston, Mass., invented the office superstore concept and today is the largest operator of office superstores in the world. The company, which has grown earnings per share at a 40 percent compound rate over the last five years, has 30,000 employees serving the business customer through 797 office superstores, mail order catalogs and a contract business.
Bright Horizons is an organization dedicated to the mission of creating early education programs that help young children reach their full potential, by partnering with employers to develop and manage high-quality child care programs at the work-site. Bright Horizons is the nation's leading provider of work-site child care, with a network of 162 individually-tailored child development programs in 29 states and the District of Columbia.


Our "Why Not" Book club meets every third Wednesday of the month at 7 PM. We are a very eccletic group who read mystery, fiction, classics, fantasy, young adult--- or what ever we feel like. Everyone 18 and up is welcome to attend our open forum book discussion.


text:
sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install -y git nodejs npm

# Clone and build source.
git clone https://github.com/IonicaBizau/pkg.json.git
cd pkg.json
npm install
npm test

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In an effort to incorporate the emerging field of E-Learning/Distance Learning to advance implementation science in icddr,b the Technical Training Unit organised a seminar on 21 May in icddr,b. The keynote speaker was Dr. Badrul Huda Khan who has twenty years of experience in developing and managing distance education programmes world- wide. The aim of the seminar was twofold: to share the key aspects of E-Learning/Distance Learning strategy development with the participants, and to get their views to implement an initiative funded by the USAID supported Translating Research into Action (TRAction) Bangladesh Project.
During his presenta- tion Dr. Khan provided a broad understanding of the up-and-coming field of e-learning and the factors that are critical to successful learning in the E-learning environment. The participants were able to gain a better understanding of the eight critical dimensions of distance learning environments including institutional, management, technological, pedagogical, ethical consideration, interface design, resource support, and evaluation. The introduction of E-Learning/ Distance Learning at icddr,b will have a remarkable impact on the way training is provided as well as widening the scope of external participants to the training programmes.


On 7th April 1977, nineteen-year-old Stefano started his activity as a restaurant manager.
At that time, Zà Zà was a small restaurant. It offered a light lunch for only 800 Italian liras, and the low price encouraged customers to flock to the place.
Stefano Bondi worked with his mother from the beginning. Her role was fundamental in Bondi's life, as well as being the soul of the restaurant, to which she devoted her whole life.
and they are still listed on the restaurant's menu – such as the penne sul coniglio (penne with rabbit meat sauce). Bondi has always worked with passion and curiosity, two typical aspects of his youth, which he has never abandoned in his life.
"Cook it over again, until it tastes right", is the motto of his cuisine, a challenge faced by Bondi with his so-called "technique", intertwined with instinct and passion. Careful attention to detail adds up, aiming at an alchemy of flavours to turn a simple, good dish into a unique, perfectly harmonious experience.
A dish is not born by chance. In addition to creativity, which is indispensable, it requires "technique and common sense, an attention to timing, to each ingredient, and to the condiments, too…".
with plates available in our restaurant. If you need an offer for a specific event or group please contact us.


text:
Catalog start Resource type Database Remove constraint Resource type: Database Region Ireland Remove constraint Region: Ireland Language English Remove constraint Language: English
Ancient Greek and Roman Culture1
British and Commonwealth History3
British and Commonwealth Literary Studies1
General and Reference Works2
Behrendt, Stephen C., 1947-1
Connolly, S. J. (Sean J.)1
Dissertations, Academic1
Irish literature1
Irish poetry1
Women poets, Irish1
Literary collections1
Translations into English1
Great Britain3
London (England)2
Royal Historical Society (Great Britain)2
University of London. Institute of Historical Research2
Expert Information, Ltd.1
University College, Cork1
1. Bibliography of British and Irish history [electronic resource]. [2009 - ]
Turnhout, Belgium : Brepolis
British and Commonwealth History
The Bibliography of British and Irish History (BBIH) provides bibliographic data on historical writing dealing with the British Isles, and with the British Empire and Commonwealth, during all periods for which written documentation is available - from 55BC to the present. It is the successor to the Royal Historical Society Bibliography of British and Irish History, available online from 2002 to 2009. The Bibliography aims to be as comprehensive as is practical for publications since 1900 and has been enriched by co-operation with other projects. Data from the London's Past Online project were added to the database in January 2003 and the first batch of data from Irish History Online was added in August 2004, with further batches from both projects being added later. From the end of 2006 the Bibliography has co-operated with teams working under the auspices of the Scottish Historical Review Trust which will henceforth edit the primarily Scottish titles in the database. All titles included in The Royal Historical Society Bibliography on CD-ROM (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998) are included in the database (with the exception of unpublished theses).
cpps.brepolis.net
2. Irish women poets of the Romantic period [electronic resource]. [2007 - ]
"Irish Women Poets of the Romantic Period includes more than 80 volumes of poetry by approximately 50 Irish women writing between 1768 and 1842. Compiled and edited by Stephen Behrendt of the University of Nebraska, the database also offers numerous biographical and critical essays prepared by leading scholars specifically for the project. New content is added to the collection on a regular basis."
lit.alexanderstreet.com
3. The Royal Historical Society bibliography [electronic resource] : a guide to writing about British and Irish history [2004 - ]
Online ed. - Oxford [England] : Oxford University Press
British and Commonwealth History; General and Reference Works
The Royal Historical Society bibliography is a database containing 350,000 records on British and Irish history, including relations with the empire and Commonwealth during all periods for which written documentation is available - from 55BC to the present. The bibliography includes books, articles in journals and collective volumes, and review articles, incorporating the content of the print annual bibliographies. Includes data and links to the related websites Irish history online and London's past online.
4. The Oxford companion to Irish history [electronic resource] [2002 - ]
This text covers key figures and events, which are re-evaluated in the light of recent research. Emerging areas of scholarship such as women's history and public health, are discussed in depth.
5. Celt [electronic resource] : corpus of electronic texts : the online resource for Irish history, literature, and politics
[Cork, Ireland] : University College Cork, c1997-
British and Commonwealth History; Ancient Greek and Roman Culture; Medieval Studies
"Mission statement: to bring the wealth of Irish literary and historical culture (in Irish, Latin, Anglo-Norman French, and English) to the Internet in a rigorously scholarly project that is, at the same time, user-friendly for the widest possible range of readers and researchers ... texts are presented in immediately usable form and accompanied by introductions, translations (where possible and necessary), and scholarly bibliographies. Images will be an integral part of text presentation"--About us page.
6. Index to theses [electronic resource]. [1990 - ]
London : Expert Information Ltd.
Education; General and Reference Works
A comprehensive listing of theses accepted for higher degrees by universities in Great Britain and Ireland since 1716. Abstracts are included for all theses as of 1986, and selectively from 1970-1986.
search.proquest.com


Now, when it comes to the subject of me, I believe you are truly and utterly incapable of telling the truth. Especially to me. And least of all, to yourself. And when it comes to the subject of me, I am truly and utterly incapable of believing anything you say.
How do you suppose we solve this dilemma?
Well, it just so happens, I have a solution.


Where to change money in Bali is an issue that every visitor will face. If you've just struck a great bargain at a shop, only to realise that all you have are dollar bills, or when you need to get back to your hotel after a walk down Jalan Legian or Kuta Beach but don't want the trouble of handing the driver dollar bills and getting no change in return, this handy list can help you when your short of local cash.
Money changers in Bali are easy to find, from the airport to your hotel, and in and around Bali's major resort areas. Most display street-side whiteboards, which list amazing exchange rates under the usual mantras such as 'Authorised Money Changer, and 'No Commission'. However, it's good to know the most recommended Bali money changers around, as well as being aware of the tricks used by some unscrupulous kiosks.
The largest value Indonesian rupiah bill is the IDR 100,000 note, in a red colour scheme and featuring the portraits of the founding fathers, Soekarno and Hatta on one side, and the parliament building (DPR/MPR RI) on the other. The IDR 50,000 bill, is blue and featuring Balinese hero Gusti Ngurah Rai on one side, and Bali's Ulun Danu Beratan Temple on the other. These two are the main banknotes you should receive when exchanging your money.
Smaller denominations are IDR 20,000, IDR 10,000, and IDR 5,000, while the smallest are IDR 2,000 and IDR 1,000. The IDR 500, IDR 200 and IDR 100 are silver coins. Banknote security features include faint watermarking, gold patches and holographic security threads. Always have or ask for a copy of the money changer's receipt and keep it whenever you change your money, in case you receive and use Indonesian rupiah notes that turn out to be counterfeit.
At the time of writing this article (May 2016), USD 1 = IDR 13,565. It's always good to have mobile internet access on your travels in Bali, so you can easily check out the latest rates for general comparison. Most money changers are self-titled 'Authorised', but you can never be so sure. Some are very small kiosks and outright dodgy, but tempt the gullible with boards listing rates too good to be true (because, indeed, they usually are!).
The moment you land, you'll find several money changers at the International Arrivals of the Ngurah Rai International Airport, which offer fairly competitive rates and are conveniently open around the clock, however you may find better rates outside the airport. Thus, it's good to change just a fair amount for your taxi fare or spare change on the trip to your hotel. IDR 500,000 or USD 40 should be more than enough.
Then, you can either change your money at your hotel (usually at not very competitive rates), or head out to any of these authorised and recommended money changers in Bali, some of which have branches spread out well throughout Bali's popular resort areas.
This long-established money changer has the most number of branches in the Kuta-Legian-Seminyak strip, and is also present in Nusa Dua and Tanjung Benoa, Ubud, Sanur and Bali's capital of Denpasar. Its head office is on Kuta's Sunset Road, however its busiest office is on the Jalan Raya Kuta main road. It has maintained a good reputation over the years as the go-to place for the most updated and competitive rates, no commissions, as well as service and security.
Dirgahayu Valuta Prima, otherwise known as Bali Best Rate, has been around since 1984, and has expanded with three branches in Kuta, two in Sanur; three in Ubud and one near Tanah Lot Temple. They'll usually ask for your valid passport or ID for each transaction at their branches.
Also known as BMC, this authorised money changer has been in business since 1993, and has branches in Kerobokan, Legian, Sanur and Ubud. Its main office is on Jalan Raya Seminyak, but its busiest branch is in Banjar Taman on Jalan Raya Kerobokan, which you'll easily identify by its large roadside mural of a US dollar banknote.
It is very common for money changers in Bali to check the quality of your bills, particularly when you're changing USD notes. They always accept newly issued, clean and stiff notes, while creased, torn and wrinkled notes will often be rejected. The exchange rates also usually specifically applies to USD 100 notes, while smaller denominations have a different set of rates. Coins are not accepted.
Figure out the general rate versus the advertised rates. Use your calculator app to make some quick comparisons, as some scams involve rigged office calculators, though in very isolated and rare cases. Always recount your money, no matter how much time you need.


Does a licensee have to record firearms acquired prior to obtaining the license in his or her acquisition and disposition record?
Firearms acquired by a licensee prior to obtaining a license must be recorded as business inventory in the acquisition and disposition record if the licensee intends to sell the firearm. All firearms acquired after obtaining a firearms license must be recorded as an acquisition in the acquisition and disposition record as business inventory.


If you have a business and it does not have assets to put up as collateral for a bank loan then you dont have to worry because Standard Bank and the government's small business finance agency, Khula, offers them a credit guarantee scheme.
This scheme is an indemnity to Standard Bank just in case should the Business fail to pay the Khula Loan, 50% to 90% of the bank loan can be indemnified under the Khula scheme. The maximum amount that can be approved under the scheme is R3 million.
How to qualify for Khula-supported loan?
To qualify for a Khula Guaranteed Loan you will need to contribute to your business and this may be as much as 10% of the amount you want to borrow. This contribution can be either cash or equipment that will be used in your intended business.


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YouTube channel owners: Is your content directed to children?
By: Kristin Cohen, Assistant Director, Division of Privacy & Identity Protection, FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection | Nov 22, 2019 12:56PM
Kristin Cohen, Assistant Director, Division of Privacy & Identity Protection, FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection
Under COPPA, how do I know if my channel is "directed to children"? Since the FTC and New York Attorney General announced their September 2019 settlement with YouTube for violations of the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act Rule, we've heard that question from channel owners – sometimes called content creators. If you're a channel owner who shares content on user-generated platforms like YouTube, read on for FTC staff guidance about the applicability of the COPPA Rule and how those covered by the Rule can comply with its requirements.
The FTC action against YouTube and Google
The lawsuit against YouTube and Google alleged that the companies illegally collected personal information from children, in violation of COPPA. According to the complaint, the companies collected that information from viewers of child-directed YouTube channels in the form of persistent identifiers that track users across the Internet, but didn't notify parents and get their consent. To settle the case, YouTube and Google agreed to create a mechanism so that channel owners can designate when the videos they upload to YouTube are – to use the words of COPPA – "directed to children." The purpose of this requirement is to make sure that both YouTube and channel owners are complying with the law.
A COPPA recap
That provision of the settlement has raised questions among content creators about how to determine if what they upload to YouTube or other platforms is "directed to children." The answer requires a brief summary of some key COPPA provisions. Passed by Congress in 1998, the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act is a federal law that protects the privacy of children under 13. COPPA's foundational principle is one that most people can agree on: Parents – not kids, companies, platforms, or content creators – should be in control when it comes to information collected from children online.
The FTC enforces the law through the COPPA Rule. In general, COPPA requires operators of commercial websites and online services that are directed to children (more about that in a minute) to provide notice and obtain verifiable parental consent before they collect personal information from kids under 13.
The COPPA Rule defines "personal information" to include obvious things like a child's first and last name or home address, but that's not all. Under COPPA, personal information also covers what are called persistent identifiers – behind-the-scenes code that recognizes a user over time and across different sites or online services. That could be an IP address or a cookie when it's used to serve targeted ads. Keep in mind that an operator also might be collecting personal information through an open comment field on its site or service that allows a user under 13 to make personal information publicly available. For example, think of a comment like this on a child-directed site: My name is Mary Jones from Springfield. I love this video!
How COPPA applies to channel owners
So how does COPPA apply to channel owners who upload their content to YouTube or another third-party platform? COPPA applies in the same way it would if the channel owner had its own website or app. If a channel owner uploads content to a platform like YouTube, the channel might meet the definition of a "website or online service" covered by COPPA, depending on the nature of the content and the information collected. If the content is directed to children and if the channel owner, or someone on its behalf (for example, an ad network), collects personal information from viewers of that content (for example, through a persistent identifier that tracks a user to serve interest-based ads), the channel is covered by COPPA. Once COPPA applies, the operator must provide notice, obtain verifiable parental consent, and meet COPPA's other requirements. For information on how to comply with COPPA, please visit the FTC's COPPA page for our Six-Step Compliance Plan for Your Business.
How channel owners can determine if their content is directed to children
Under COPPA, there is no one-size-fits-all answer about what makes a site directed to children, but we can offer some guidance. To be clear, your content isn't considered "directed to children" just because some children may see it. However, if your intended audience is kids under 13, you're covered by COPPA and have to honor the Rule's requirements.
The Rule sets out additional factors the FTC will consider in determining whether your content is child-directed:
the subject matter,
visual content,
the use of animated characters or child-oriented activities and incentives,
the kind of music or other audio content,
the age of models,
the presence of child celebrities or celebrities who appeal to children,
language or other characteristics of the site,
whether advertising that promotes or appears on the site is directed to children, and
competent and reliable empirical evidence about the age of the audience.
The determination of whether content is child-directed will be clearer in some contexts than in others, but we can share some general rules of thumb. First, unless you're affirmatively targeting kids, there are many subject matter categories where you don't have to worry about COPPA. For example, if your videos are about traditionally adult activities like employment, finances, politics, home ownership, home improvement, or travel, you're probably not covered unless your content is geared toward kids. The same would be true for videos aimed at high school or college students. On the other hand, if your content includes traditional children's pastimes or activities, it may be child-directed. For example, the FTC recently determined that an online dress-up game was child-directed.
Second, just because your video has bright colors or animated characters doesn't mean you're automatically covered by COPPA. While many animated shows are directed to kids, the FTC recognizes there can be animated programming that appeals to everyone.
Third, the complaint in the YouTube case offers some examples of channels the FTC considered to be directed to children. For example, many content creators explicitly stated in the "About" section of their YouTube channel that their intended audience was children under 13. Other channels made similar statements in communications with YouTube. In addition, many of the channels featured popular animated children's programs or showed kids playing with toys or participating in other child-oriented activities. Some of the channel owners also enabled settings that made their content appear when users searched for the names of popular toys or animated characters. Want to see the FTC's analysis in context? Read pages 10-14 of the YouTube complaint.
Finally, if you've applied the factors listed in the COPPA Rule and still wonder if your content is "directed to children," it might help to consider how others view your content and content similar to yours. Has your channel been reviewed on sites that evaluate content for kids? Is your channel – or channels like yours – mentioned in blogs for parents of young children or in media articles about child-directed content? Have you surveyed your users or is there other empirical evidence about the age of your audience?
What are the possible penalties for violating COPPA?
The Rule allows for civil penalties of up to $42,530 per violation, but the FTC considers a number of factors in determining the appropriate amount, including a company's financial condition and the impact a penalty could have on its ability to stay in business. While Google and YouTube paid $170 million, in another COPPA case settled this year, the operator paid a total civil penalty of $35,000.
Isn't the FTC taking another look at the COPPA Rule?
Yes, the FTC is currently evaluating the Rule in light of rapid changes in technology. If you would like to comment on the effectiveness of the COPPA Rule and whether changes are needed, the FTC has extended the comment deadline to December 9, 2019.
Where can channel owners go for more information?
A look at the factors in the COPPA Rule will help most channel owners determine if their content is directed to children. If you're still unsure about how COPPA applies to you, consider contacting an attorney or consulting with one of the COPPA Safe Harbor programs – self-regulatory groups that offer guidance on how operators can comply with the law. Visit the FTC's website for a list of currently approved Safe Harbor organizations. For more resources, visit the FTC's Children's Privacy page for our Six-Step Compliance Plan for Your Business.
Guest replied on Nov 27, 2019 2:49AM Permalink
Content creators don't babysit, they entertain. Implementing these rules can pretty much end a lot careers built on Youtube alone. Plus, Youtube Kids exists.
what if my animation contain something like suicide, violence and scary thing is still my video consider as "Made for kids"?
John Wolfe replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:04AM Permalink
This is far too vague, and potentially harmful to multiple adult focused content creators. you don't understand young adult's enjoyment patterns. you desperately need to re-word this law.
Paula replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:05AM Permalink
I'm Dutch and I do not collect data I'm no big Firm that can do that...I'm a parent and I teach my child not to publicly use our adres or phone information...If a child should do it any way...I understand its dangerous and will never use it because I don't collect data anyway... I'm a single person not a YouTube Firm that can collect data. I'm a crafter and love to have children watching because it teaches and inspirer a whole new generation. But This Law is to vague and not compleet for the users of platforms like YouTube on the Web...I understand its not only YouTube it's a worldwide internet platform use...I will put for kids...But this law is not clear on anything of the content of my canal at YouTube as a crafter????
Nick replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:13AM Permalink
Hello FTC, im a 13 year old kid and youtube is something you just cannot change. Please don't do the COPPA thing because it will not just affect the viewers like me but it will also affect the content creators. Many good youtubers will fail because they cannot make content anymore. My suggestion is that you COMPLETELY cancel this COPPA thing or you can just adjust this. The rules are too strict. FTC, if you somehow read this, im just helping myself and other youtubers. Im complaning politely, and thank you for reading this
Pb 26914911 replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:20AM Permalink
I don't think that there is a single person watching YouTube who genuinely wants this to be a thing. COPPA is incredibly vague and clearly wasn't given much thought, as it completely mess with the livelihood of most if not all content creators on YouTube. The internet has gone on long enough without this becoming a thing and it makes no sense for these guideline to start now.
Denice Evans replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:23AM Permalink
I would like to know if me making videos about my gothic culture is considered kid friendly. I deleted my videos to avoid any future fines as I cannot afford them. Would I need to curse in order to maintain an adult audience? I do not nor have I ever wished to target my channel to children. I am scared about the whole situation to the point where my anxiety is getting worse. I would like some clarification to at least calm down a bit.
many youtubers post some of the things you claim as "child friendly" such as animated game character, yet younger kids watch channels such as jake paul who know their audience is under 13 but post things such as his relationship with his girlfriend that include dangerous acts and inappropriate stories. how will you determine the age, and what kids are really watching? how is this not going to affect channels which use e rated games for content for older kids around 16 but use this child friendly game? the statements you claim as "kid friendly" are also used in videos made for the intended audience of 16 and above. how will you fight this against youtube while not ruining the careers and channels many older audiences love?
Sgers11 replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:36AM Permalink
This is absolutely outrageous. there are countless of other ways that this issue could have been dealt with. and because of this law, millions of peoples lives are going to be ruined forever. I would rather have youtube permanently deleted than have this rule come into play. I hope that you guys can learn to see this issue through the creators eyes, and remove or at least adjust this rule to make it more clear for these creators.
Hydrangea replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:39AM Permalink
why did this have to happen man i just wanna post without getting fined a fortune
FTC has to protect child content on YouTube. If COPPA is implemented, child channels will eventualy dissapear as without money no one will want to publish. That will result that toddlers and kids watch aggresive content, not related to them. The best option would be that on every channel is offered the option for parents to accept that YouTube do what it already did or not. That what YouTube did brought content creators the money for their work. So, the decision should be on parents.
Natalie replied on Nov 27, 2019 3:51AM Permalink
Hello FTC and anyone else reading this response to the recent issue that has arisen with "children directed content". I myself have been a small creator on Youtube for a few months now and reading these new guidelines on my channel has concerned me deeply. It is true that many children use Youtube every day to watch their favorite content creators and are found in dangerous situations here and there to inappropriate content, like any other social media platform/website. From what I've read throughout all the articles, guidelines, concerns, etc. about this issue I've come to the conclusion that this statement of guideline changes is still very vague. You've given a decent explanation so far of what content creators need to look out for and what we can be fined upon but the guidelines are still unclear for some creators. These creators being the ones who intend their videos to be directed towards Youtube's standard audience of 13+, who don't curse, have animated characters, and include well-known franchises (like the gaming community) let's say like Pokemon or Minecraft. What will happen to these channels? To me, they are perfectly fine and these types of demographics are related to kids, teens, and adults. Therefore why should they put their channel into one categorized setting from mature to child-directed? I personally believe that this new rule should be removed from Youtube completely as it will destroy the platform and force content creators to find new sources of income. This new rule would also potentially make content on Youtube more mature, meaning more cursing and inappropriate topics. We all know that kids lie about their age on the internet and sometimes parents tell their kids to do this as well because of privacy issues, so what if these children come across one of these newly made mature videos? Instead, why don't we remove this new guideline in general and promote the family-friendly channels and Youtube kids then remove the inappropriate channels you don't want your kids watching. Half of the time kids don't even pay attention to ads and will just skip them entirely so I don't understand how this has become a major issue on Youtube especially since ads can be found anywhere in technology. Ads can be found on cable TV, websites, social media platforms, apps on your electronic device, a billboard sign, a restaurant/fast food joint, and even schools. Therefore I ask you please think about this decision once again before you destroy amazing people's financial services and the vague guidelines you set before us creators. Thank you for your time. - Natalie
I think storytelling from Youtube is generally not made for kids. It really relates to teenagers and young adults. Specifically, it depends on what story the storytellers are telling.
Examples of stories that AREN'T made for kids:
- A sad and/or traumatic event
- Hateful experiences
- Romance (Crushes, Break-ups, etc...)
- Toxic relationships, friendships, families, etc...
- Doing mischievous acts
- About Racism, Sexualism, etc...
- Thoughts on GENERAL things or experiences on LIFE (especially on adulthood and/or teenage times)
- Thoughts on existence
- Vlogging in places (NOT playgrounds, elementary schools, preschools & toy stores selling toys for people below 13)
- Something Unusual or Weird that it's unappealing to children (Under 13)
Examples of stories that ARE made for kids (Also according to a statement from COPPA):
- Their childhood toys, games and films (Suitable for people below 13)
- Vlogging in places (Playgrounds, elementary schools, preschools & toy stores selling toys for people below 13)
Can videos that are about games like Minecraft, Terraria and other games that appeals to all ages be marked as not made for kids?
ZmAngry guy replied on Nov 27, 2019 4:19AM Permalink
Please don't do this to YouTube this will hurt every content creator and their channels this is something that they love to do which is their job and their life especially the videos we all like to watch don't take them down that's why there's YouTube kids that these younger viewers can watch leave YouTube the way it is!
The biggest issue is that the decision as to whether COPPA would apply to a video - such as a mature craft or hobby video - is ultimately subjective, by which time it would appear to be too late.
That makes it a BAD solution, because there is no clarity - no hard line. It is wrong to have laws that can massively fine people when the law itself cannot provide sufficient clarity of definition for real day-to-day application by normal people.
FTC Staff replied on Nov 29, 2019 11:26AM Permalink
The complaint in the YouTube case offers some examples of channels the FTC considered to be directed to children. For example, many content creators explicitly stated in the "About" section of their YouTube channel that their intended audience was children under 13. Other channels made similar statements in communications with YouTube. In addition, many of the channels featured popular animated children's programs or showed kids playing with toys or participating in other child-oriented activities. Some of the channel owners also enabled settings that made their content appear when users searched for the names of popular toys or animated characters. Read pages 10-14 of the YouTube complaint to see the FTC's analysis in context.
Cody Castillo replied on Nov 27, 2019 4:47AM Permalink
You people need to realize that a lot of the stuff you listed as "appealing to kids" is liked by adults too, not just some adults but wide swaths of the adult and young adult population! Learn about nerd, geek, animation, etc culture, just because of kids like it too DOES NOT MEAN IT IS FOR KIDS. Learn more about what you are regulating before you destroy not only an entire online community but the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of people who make content related to pop culture and who aim their content AT ADULTS!
Please change t... replied on Nov 27, 2019 4:52AM Permalink
Please people who watch YouTube have to be 13 years old so please change the rules for YouTube
This is legally important that you listen to what our content creators have to say because millions are not very happy about the incoming changes to the platform. And a $42,000 fine is ridiculous because our content creators will be bankrupt and homeless.
Please take this into consideration and rethink this through, it's affecting our communities and the content creators who've been on the YouTube working very hard.
There has got to be a possible solution to improve these changes.
WHAT ABOUT SLIDE SHOWS I MAKE ABOUT JESUS?! AM I GOING TO BE FIND FOR IT?
This is just the gov giving themselves control over commutation and claiming it's "to protect the children". In 10 years, i'm sure critisizing the FTC will be declared "harmful to children" and we'll be fined for comments like these.
Are Horror Games Like Five Nights At Freddy's Or Gaming In General Directed Towards Kids? What About Music? Please Clarify This.
YouTube is 109% at fault here- not the creators and not the parents. Kids have way too much access via any mobile device/smart tv etc. Even Google's Parent Link system is awful. They are the distributor (like ABC, NBC, Hulu). If they aren't paying for programming but are going to make gobs of money off the creators- they need to be responsible for who accessed THEIR site and what content goes to what group. Just because content would be of interest to a kid doesn't make it kid friendly. Before each video- put an ad, disclaimer & age verification & be done with it.
Loser J replied on Nov 27, 2019 7:06AM Permalink
Can't YouTube just ask for an account sign in with an age selection and block the features for -13 so everyone is left alone and happy
ProCandle729 replied on Nov 27, 2019 7:18AM Permalink
As we said, it's a parent's fault too because they don't care about his child and let them watch any video. So, we can't fault all YouTuber Creator because some of the videos are appropriate for kids. But, some gaming videos like puzzle block, cooking simulator, Minecraft, etc. Video gaming still is appropriate for kids under 13 years old.
We can't blame all YouTube Creator. Give a chance to all YouTube Creator.
Question: What's are YouTube Kids Made for.
Question: Do we get fined if we violating COPPA Rules.
Question: How the COPPA Works?
Question: Why w
I make animations on YouTube. It's kid-friendly, but it's for a vast audience. If I put a disclaimer at the beginning that the video isn't made for kids, will I be safe?
The Guidelines are rubbish. If you're going to implement guidelines that have harsh consequences the rules should be black and white. They should be very clear. This is very vague
Stephanie replied on Nov 27, 2019 7:54AM Permalink
I really think if kids under 13 are watching videos, maybe their parents should monitor it? It just seems like it's absurd that you can get charged if the FTC thinks your video isn't this or that, but you thought it was or wasn't? Hopefully, warnings will be given first if it violates because many of us aren't sure.
Like, I make lyric videos and believe they shouldn't really be aimed at kids, but maybe Harry Styles could???? It's all very vague and when this goes into effect, you guys should make sure that you warn those who are violating so they can change it because we all think differently...
Cant there just be a "general audience" button? It would really help creators.
Can we just not have this coppa stuff? Just let the creators be free and let parents be parents, fine the parents imagine how much money u could make then.
Lilly replied on Nov 27, 2019 8:17AM Permalink
As a young content creator, I believe that creators who make content directed towards kids and live of adsense, will be forced to make adult content or quit YouTube all together. As a result of this, there is going to be more content on YouTube that is directed for adults and teenagers. However, kids are still going to watch YouTube. Its not the content creators fault that children's parents allow them to watch their favorite videos.
This has no detail, its hard to undeeatand what each rule even means. p
Ignore it like we've been doing for 20 years now. Get a fine? Throw it in the trash.
Lea Raymond replied on Nov 27, 2019 9:00AM Permalink
I think the best option would simply be to allow parents to give explicit permission for YouTube to use their children's data from YouTube. It is the parent's responsibility to protect children online, not content creators, YouTube themself, or even the FTC. Thank you for taking this message into consideration and I hope it makes an impact.
Robbie Walker replied on Nov 27, 2019 9:12AM Permalink
Okay, since we found out you're actually supporting videos for the general audience, YouTube is going AGAINST that notion. They are instead forcing us to have two selections: "Kid" and "Adult" resulting in having a lose-lose situation. You guys gotta do something about it before this happens.
These rules are vague and don't make sense. Where would Love Nikki (a dress up app many adults and teens play) fall? It'd definitely not a children's game. Will I be fined for marking my content as not for children, despite the game falling under the dress up category? Please be more clear or make an E for everyone category. Something content creators can mark if they make content for both adults and children. Also youtube is the one collecting data on its viewers. Not the content creators.
PLEASE consider other viewers who depend on videos to enhance their hobbies and income. I am a pensioner and cannot afford to attend classes. Plus, I live in South Africa so how on earth can I visit classes overseas?!
Watching TV is much more harmful than YouTube videos!
Shazin replied on Nov 27, 2019 9:27AM Permalink
Pls don't take this rule if you want money get it from parents not us
This is too vague and this is basically all the entertainment of youtube your saying is wrong. I can't believe some of you dont watch or understand youtube and are making a law that will kill all GOOD, ORIGINAL AND LIVELY CONTENT on youtube. Please, this is too aggressive. I myself is an animator and this is scaring me from doing what i love. Because it appeals to children. Anything appeals from kids that's why we have different jobs and why we are diverse. Because there is watchable stuff for all of us. PLEASE RECONSIDER THE DAMAGE YOU ARE DOING TO THIS PLATFORM.
Blue and Red Su... replied on Nov 27, 2019 9:49AM Permalink
Is content from other countries affected aswell? ( ex. Philippines )
FTC Staff replied on Jan 22, 2020 12:19PM Permalink
Foreign-based websites and online services must comply with COPPA if they are directed to children in the United States, or if they knowingly collect personal information from children in the U.S. The law's definition of "operator" includes foreign-based websites and online services that are involved in commerce in the United States or its territories.
U.S.-based sites and services that collect information from foreign children also are subject to COPPA. See COPPA FAQS B.7. https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/complying-coppa-frequently-asked-questions
hi im a 23 year old adult who has been watching youtube from the beginning. these new laws could kill THOUSANDS of jobs and could put some people into poverty. also the rules are way to vauge and undescriptive. please dont enact these laws it will hurt you rather than help. thanks for reading
My Channels are for Adults and children because my videos are not violent and not out of ordinary just an informations about what's going on in the world today especially when it's abnormal but natural ,thanks for understanding please when ever my video is out of children view let me know okay.and God almighty bless you all in Jesus christ name Amen.
Alex replied on Nov 27, 2019 10:05AM Permalink
Change your law because it to old for this era and the the era is new but the law 20 years old animation is sometimes for adult.
Brian madora replied on Nov 27, 2019 10:11AM Permalink
What the h**k coppa, i know you protect children but this is just torcher (idk if i spelled it right, im on mobile) like cant we just watch something that is good for kidos and us, pre teens and adults can FREAKING watch, like for pre teens, memes or games from xbox or playstation or for adults, FREAKING ANYTHING so just stop this thing from afecting us how to watch you tube, please and if not, the go live under a brige
Clickster replied on Nov 27, 2019 10:11AM Permalink
I thought Youtube was where people can make content about whatever they want but now COPPA is being stupid. :(
Do you know that youtube kids exist in the world.
Guest replied on Nov 27, 2019 10:12AM Permalink
My YouTube videos made for Adults! Not kids.
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text:
Sister group
A sister group or sister taxon is a phylogenetic term denoting the closest relatives of another given unit in an evolutionary tree.[1] The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram:
Taxon A
Taxon B
Taxon C
The sister group to A is B; conversely, the sister group to B is A. Groups A and B, together with all other descendants of their most recent common ancestor, form the clade AB. The sister group to clade AB is C.
The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree, which offers yet more sister group branches that are related but farther removed from the leaf nodes, such as A, B, and C.
In cladistic standards, A, B, and C may represent specimens, species, taxon-groups, etc. If they represent species, the term sister species is sometimes used.
The term "sister group" is used in phylogenetic analysis, and only groups identified in the analysis are labeled as sister groups. An example is in birds, whose sister group is commonly cited as the crocodiles, but that is true only when dealing with extant taxa.[2][3] The bird family tree is rooted in the dinosaurs, making for a number of extinct groups branching off before coming to the last common ancestor of birds and crocodiles.[4] Thus, the term sister group must be seen as a relative term, with the caveat that the sister group is the closest relative only among the groups/species/specimens that are included in the analysis.[5]
^ Eernisse, D.J. "Introduction to Phylogeny: What is a Sister Taxon?". Biology 404 - Evolution. Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
^ Padian, Kevin; Lindberg, David R.; Polly, Paul David (1 May 1994). "Cladistics and the Fossil Record: The Uses of History". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 22 (1): 63–89. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.22.050194.000431.
^ Kemp, T.S. (1 January 1988). "Haemothermia or Archosauria? The interrelationships of mammals, birds and crocodiles". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 92 (1): 67–104. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1988.tb01527.x.
^ Hughes, J.M. "Ancient bird-crocdilian ancestor uncovered". AVES VITAE - The lives of birds. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
^ Podani, J. (2010). "Taxonomy in Evolutionary Perspective - An essay on the relationships between taxonomy and evolutionary theory". Synbiologia Hungarica. 5: 1–42.
Amphiesmenoptera
Amphiesmenoptera is an insect superorder, established by S. G. Kiriakoff, but often credited to Willi Hennig in his revision of insect taxonomy for two sister orders: Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and Trichoptera (caddisflies). In 2017, a third fossil order was added to the group, the Tarachoptera.Trichoptera and Lepidoptera share a number of derived characters (synapomorphies) which demonstrate their common descent:
Females, rather than males, are heterogametic (i.e. their sex chromosomes differ).
Dense setae are present in the wings (modified into scales in Lepidoptera).
There is a particular venation pattern on the forewings (the double-looped anal veins).
Larvae have mouth structures and glands to make and manipulate silk.Thus these two extant orders are sisters, with Tarachoptera basal to both groups. Amphiesmenoptera probably evolved in the Jurassic. Lepidoptera differ from the Trichoptera in several features, including wing venation, form of the scales on the wings, loss of the cerci, loss of an ocellus, and changes to the legs.Amphiesmenoptera are thought to be the sister group of Antliophora, a proposed superorder comprising Diptera (flies), Siphonaptera (fleas) and Mecoptera (scorpionflies). Together, Amphiesmenoptera and Antliophora compose the group Mecopterida.
Arachnomorpha
Arachnomorpha is a subdivision or clade of Arthropoda, comprising the monophyletic group formed by the trilobites, other great appendage arthropods and trilobite-like families (Helmetiidae, Xandarellidae, Naraoiidae, Liwiidae, and Tegopeltidae), and a diverse sister clade including the chelicerates. Great debate is held on the position of the Pycnogonida, which are currently thought not to be placed in the immediate vicinity of the Chelicerata. Arachnomorpha are considered the sister group to the crustaceans, which are increasingly being accepted as members of the mandibulate clade (including insects and myriapods).The arachnomorph concept has been challenged by suggestions that the trilobites fall in the mandibulata stem-group.There is no consensus as to assigning Arachnomorpha a formal Linnean rank.
A proposal, which contraposed many synapomorphies uniting them to the Trilobita instead. Consideration of the Olenellinae as sister group to the Chelicerata has been refuted.
Australaves
Australaves is a recently defined clade of birds, consisting of the Eufalconimorphae (passerines, parrots and falcons) as well as the Cariamiformes (including seriemas and the extinct "terror birds"). They appear to be the sister group of Afroaves. As in the case of Afroaves, the most basal clades have predatory extant members, suggesting this was the ancestral lifestyle; however, some researchers like Darren Naish are skeptical of this assessment, since some extinct representatives such as the herbivorous Strigogyps lead other lifestyles. Basal parrots and falcons are at any rate vaguely crow-like and probably omnivorous.
Cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Prum, R.O. et al. (2015).
Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Each node in the tree corresponds to a clade; i.e., clade C may be described as basal within a larger clade D if its root is directly linked to the root of D. The terms deep-branching or early-branching are similar in meaning.
While there must always be two or more equally basal clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank and/or species diversity. If C is a basal clade within D that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within D, C may be described as the basal taxon of that rank within D. Greater diversification may be associated with more evolutionary innovation, but ancestral characters should not be imputed to the members of a less species-rich basal clade without additional evidence, as there can be no assurance such an assumption is valid.In general, clade A is more basal than clade B if B is a subgroup of the sister group of A. Within large groups, "basal" may be used loosely to mean 'closer to the root than the great majority of', and in this context terminology such as "very basal" may arise. A 'core clade' is a clade representing all but the basal clade(s) of lowest rank within a larger clade; e.g., core eudicots.
Euarchonta
The Euarchonta are a proposed grandorder of mammals containing four orders: the Scandentia or treeshrews, the Dermoptera or colugos, the extinct Plesiadapiformes, and the Primates.
The term "Euarchonta" (Waddell et al. 1999, meaning "true ancestors") appeared in 1999, when molecular evidence suggested that the morphology-based Archonta should be trimmed down to exclude Chiroptera (Waddell et al. 1999b). Further DNA sequence analyses (Madsen et al. 2001, Murphy et al., 2001 Waddell et al. 2001) supported the Euarchonta hypothesis. Despite multiple papers pointing out that some mitochondrial sequences showed unusual properties (particularly murid rodents and hedgehogs) and were likely distorting the overall tree (Sullivan and Swofford 1997, Waddell et al. 1999c), and despite Waddell et al. (2001) showing near total congruence of mtDNA-based and nuclear-based trees when such sequences were excluded, some authors continued to produce misleading trees (Arnason et al., 2002). A study investigating retrotransposon presence/absence data has claimed strong support for Euarchonta (Kriegs et al., 2007). Some interpretations of the molecular data link Primates and Dermoptera in a clade (mirorder) known as Primatomorpha, which is the sister of Scandentia. In some, the Dermoptera are a member of the primates rather than a sister group. Other interpretations link the Dermoptera and Scandentia together in a group called Sundatheria as the sister group of the primates.
Euarchonta and Glires together form the Euarchontoglires, one of the four Eutherian clades.
The current hypothesis, based on molecular clock evidence, suggests that the Euarchonta arose in the Cretaceous period, about 88 million years ago, and diverged 86.2 million years ago into the groups of tree shrews and Primatomorpha. The latter diverged prior to 79.6 million years into the orders of Primates and Dermoptera. The earliest fossil species often ascribed to Euarchonta (Purgatorius coracis) dates to the early Paleocene, 65 million years ago, but it appears to have been a non-placental eutherian. Although it is known that Scandentia is one of the most basal Euarchontoglire clades, the exact phylogenetic position is not yet considered resolved, and it may be a sister of Glires, Primatomorpha or Dermoptera or to all other Euarchontoglires.
Eulipotyphla
Eulipotyphla ("truly fat and blind") is an order of mammals suggested by molecular methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, and includes the laurasiatherian members of the now-invalid polyphyletic order Lipotyphla, but not the afrotherian members (tenrecs and golden moles, now in their own order Afrosoricida). Lipotyphla in turn had been derived by removing a number of groups from Insectivora, the previously used wastebasket taxon.
Eulipotyphla comprises the hedgehogs and gymnures (family Erinaceidae, formerly also the order Erinaceomorpha), solenodons (family Solenodontidae), the desmans, moles, and shrew-like moles (family Talpidae) and true shrews (family Soricidae). True shrews, talpids and solenodons were formerly grouped in Soricomorpha; however, Soricomorpha has been found to be paraphyletic, since erinaceids are the sister group of shrews.
Eumetazoa
Eumetazoa (Greek: εὖ [eu], well + μετά [metá], after + ζῷον [zóon], animal) or Diploblasts, or Epitheliozoa, or Histozoa are a proposed basal animal clade as a sister group of the Porifera. The basal Eumetazoan clades are the Ctenophora and the ParaHoxozoa. Placozoa is now also seen as a Eumetazoan in the Parahoxozoa.
Several other extinct or obscure life forms, such as Iotuba and Thectardis appear to have emerged in the group. Characteristics of eumetazoans include true tissues organized into germ layers, the presence of neurons, and an embryo that goes through a gastrula stage.
Some phylogenists have speculated the sponges and eumetazoans evolved separately from single-celled organisms, which would mean that the animal kingdom does not form a clade (a complete grouping of all organisms descended from a common ancestor). However, genetic studies and some morphological characteristics, like the common presence of choanocytes, support a common origin.Traditionally, Eumetazoans are a major group of animals in the Five Kingdoms classification of Lynn Margulis and K. V. Schwartz, comprising the Radiata and Bilateria — all animals except the sponges. When treated as a formal taxon Eumetazoa is typically ranked as a subkingdom. The name Metazoa has also been used to refer to this group, but more often refers to the Animalia as a whole. Many classification schemes do not include a subkingdom Eumetazoa.
Exafroplacentalia
Exafroplacentalia or Notolegia is a clade of placental mammals proposed in 2001 on the basis of molecular research.Exafroplacentalia places Xenarthra as a sister group to the Boreoeutheria (comprising Laurasiatheria and Euarchontoglires), thus making Afrotheria a primitive group of placental mammals (the group name roughly means "those which are not African placentals").
Ferungulata
Ferungulata or Fereuungulata is a clade of placental mammals that groups together various carnivorans and ungulates. It has existed in two guises, a traditional one based on morphological analysis and a revised one taking into account more recent molecular analyses.
The traditional Ferungulata was established by George Gaylord Simpson in 1945. It grouped together the extant orders Carnivora, Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla with the Tubulidentata and the superorder Paenungulata, as well as a number of orders known only from fossils. Although Simpson placed whales (Cetacea) in a separate cohort, recent evidence linking them to Artiodactyla would mean that they belong here as well.
Simpson established the grouping on the basis of morphological criteria, but this traditional understanding of Ferungulata has been challenged by a more recent classification, relying upon genetic criteria. These studies separated his ungulate orders into two distinct placental groups, within Afrotheria and Laurasiatheria, respectively. The 'true' ungulates, Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla, along with the whales, are included in the revised group, along with the Carnivora, and with the addition of pangolins (Pholidota), but the Tubulidentata and paenungulates are excluded. To reflect this difference, the revised clade is usually referred to as Fereuungulata. The Fereuungulata is a sister group to the Chiroptera (bats) and together they make up Scrotifera.
Gnathostomata
Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates. The term derives from Greek: γνάθος (gnathos) "jaw" + στόμα (stoma) "mouth". Gnathostome diversity comprises roughly 60,000 species, which accounts for 99% of all living vertebrates. In addition to opposing jaws, living gnathostomes have teeth, paired appendages, and a horizontal semicircular canal of the inner ear, along with physiological and cellular anatomical characters such as the myelin sheathes of neurons. Another is an adaptive immune system that uses V(D)J recombination to create antigen recognition sites, rather than using genetic recombination in the variable lymphocyte receptor gene.It is now assumed that Gnathostomata evolved from ancestors that already possessed a pair of both pectoral and pelvic fins. Until recently these ancestors, known as antiarchs, were thought to have lacked pectoral or pelvic fins. In addition to this, some placoderms were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females--a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group.The Osteostraci are generally considered the sister taxon of Gnathostomata.It is believed that the jaws evolved from anterior gill support arches that had acquired a new role, being modified to pump water over the gills by opening and closing the mouth more effectively – the buccal pump mechanism. The mouth could then grow bigger and wider, making it possible to capture larger prey. This close and open mechanism would, with time, become stronger and tougher, being transformed into real jaws.
Newer research suggests that a branch of Placoderms was most likely the ancestor of present-day gnathostomes. A 419-million-year-old fossil of a placoderm named Entelognathus had a bony skeleton and anatomical details associated with cartilaginous and bony fish, demonstrating that the absence of a bony skeleton in Chondrichthyes is a derived trait. The fossil findings of primitive bony fishes such as Guiyu oneiros and Psarolepis, which lived contemporaneously with Entelognathus and had pelvic girdles more in common with placoderms than with other bony fish, show that it was a relative rather than a direct ancestor of the extant gnathostomes. It also indicates that spiny sharks and Chondrichthyes represent a single sister group to the bony fishes. Fossils findings of juvenile placoderms, which had true teeth that grew on the surface of the jawbone and had no roots, making it impossible to replace or regrow as they broke or wore down as they grew older, proves the common ancestor of all gnathostomes had teeth and place the origin of teeth along with, or soon after, the evolution of jaws.Late Ordovician-aged microfossils of what have been identified as scales of either acanthodians or "shark-like fishes", may mark Gnathostomata's first appearance in the fossil record. Undeniably unambiguous gnathostome fossils, mostly of primitive acanthodians, begin appearing by the early Silurian, and become abundant by the start of the Devonian.
Heteroneura
Heteroneura is a natural group (or clade) in the insect order Lepidoptera that comprises over 99% of all butterflies and moths. This is the sister group of the infraorder Exoporia (swift moths and their relatives), and is characterised by wing venation which is not similar or homoneurous in both pairs of wings.
Iguanomorpha
Iguania is an infraorder of squamate reptiles that includes iguanas, chameleons, agamids, and New World lizards like anoles and phrynosomatids. Using morphological features as a guide to evolutionary relationships, the Iguania are believed to form the sister group to the remainder of the Squamata. However, molecular information has placed Iguania well within the Squamata as sister taxa to the Anguimorpha and closely related to snakes. Iguanians are largely arboreal and usually have primitive fleshy, non-prehensile tongues, although the tongue is highly modified in chameleons. The group has a fossil record that extends back to the Early Jurassic (the oldest known member is Bharatagama, which lived about 190 million years ago in what is now India).
Omalisidae
Omalisidae are a very small family of beetles within the superfamily Elateroidea. Members of this beetle family have bioluminescent organs on the larvae. The most recent evidence indicates they are the sister group to a clade comprising the families Rhagophthalmidae and Phengodidae (glowworm beetles).
ParaHoxozoa
The ParaHoxozoa are a proposed basal Diploblast/Eumetazoa clade as sister of the Ctenophora. It consists of the Triploblasts/Bilateria as well as the Placozoa and Cnidaria.
Pooideae
The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, with over 4,200 species in 14 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. They are often referred to as cool-season grasses, because they are distributed in temperate climates. All of them use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.
The Pooideae are the sister group of the bamboos within the BOP clade, and are themselves subdivided into 14 tribes.
Primatomorpha
The Primatomorpha are a mirorder of mammals containing two extant orders: the Dermoptera or colugos and the Primates (Plesiadapiformes, Strepsirrhini, Haplorhini).
The term "Primatomorpha" first appeared in the general scientific literature in 1991 (K.C. Beard) and 1992 (Kalandadze, Rautian). Major DNA sequence analyses of predominantly nuclear sequences (Murphy et al., 2001) support the Euarchonta hypothesis, while a major study investigating mitochondrial sequences supports a different tree topology (Arnason et al., 2002). A study investigating retrotransposon presence/absence data has claimed strong support for Euarchonta (Kriegs et al., 2007). Some interpretations of the molecular data link Primates and Dermoptera in a clade (mirorder) known as Primatomorpha, which is the sister of Scandentia.
Primates probably split from the Dermoptera sister group 79.6 million years ago during the Cretaceous.Other interpretations link the Dermoptera and Scandentia together in a group called Sundatheria as the sister group of the primates. Some recent studies place Scandentia as sister of the Glires, invalidating Euarchonta.
Scrotifera
Scrotifera is a clade of placental mammals that comprises the following orders and their common ancestors: Chiroptera, Carnivora, Pholidota, Perissodactyla and Cetartiodactyla, with the latter including the traditional orders Artiodactyla and Cetacea. Scrotifera is the sister group to the Eulipotyphla and together they make up the Laurasiatheria.
Telluraves
Telluraves (also called land birds or core landbirds) is a recently defined clade of birds with controversial content. Based on most recent genetic studies, the clade unites a variety of bird groups, including the australavians (passerines, parrots, seriamas, and falcons) as well as the afroavians (including the Accipitrimorphae – eagles, hawks, buzzards, vultures etc. – owls and woodpeckers, among others). They appear to be the sister group of a newly defined clade centered on Aequornithes.Given that the most basal extant members of both Afroaves (Accipitrimorphae, Strigiformes) and Australaves (Cariamiformes, Falconiformes) are carnivorous, it has been suggested that the last common ancestor of all Telluraves was probably a predator. Other researchers are skeptical of this assessment, citing the herbivorous cariamiform Strigogyps as evidence to the contrary.
Cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Prum, R.O. et al. (2015) with some clade names after Yury, T. et al. (2013) and Kimball et al. 2013.
Relevant fields
Computational phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics
Cladistics
Evolutionary taxonomy
Cladogenesis
Cladogram
Phylogenetic network
Long branch attraction
Clade vs Grade
Ghost lineage
Ghost population
Maximum parsimony
Probabilistic methods
Bayesian inference
Distance-matrix methods
Neighbor-joining
UPGMA
Least squares
Three-taxon analysis
PhyloCode
DNA barcoding
Phylogenetic comparative methods
Phylogenetic niche conservatism
Phylogenetics software
Group traits
Plesiomorphy
Symplesiomorphy
Apomorphy
Synapomorphy
Autapomorphy
Monophyly
Paraphyly
Polyphyly
Phylogenetic nomenclature
Crown group
Supertree


text:
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struct AudioClip_t794140988;
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struct SingleU5BU5D_t2316563989;

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// System.Single UnityEngine.AudioClip::get_length()
extern "C"  float AudioClip_get_length_m1976537364 (AudioClip_t794140988 * __this, const MethodInfo* method) IL2CPP_METHOD_ATTR;
// System.Void UnityEngine.AudioClip::InvokePCMReaderCallback_Internal(System.Single[])
extern "C"  void AudioClip_InvokePCMReaderCallback_Internal_m963695910 (AudioClip_t794140988 * __this, SingleU5BU5D_t2316563989* ___data0, const MethodInfo* method) IL2CPP_METHOD_ATTR;
// System.Void UnityEngine.AudioClip::InvokePCMSetPositionCallback_Internal(System.Int32)
extern "C"  void AudioClip_InvokePCMSetPositionCallback_Internal_m194702160 (AudioClip_t794140988 * __this, int32_t ___position0, const MethodInfo* method) IL2CPP_METHOD_ATTR;


text:
Regional News of Sunday, 27 December 2020
30-year-old man drowns at Aboadze
The deceased was seen swimming in the sea
A 30-year-old man drowned in the sea at Aboadze, a fishing community in the Shama District of Western Region, when he went swimming on Christmas Day.
The deceased, identified as Roger Anabah, and said to hail from the Northern Region, is engaged in the construction of fence wall at the Volta River Authority (VRA) area.
The incident occurred on Friday, December 25, around 1300 hours and the body is yet to be retrieved.
Eyewitnesses told the Ghana News Agency (GNA) that the deceased was seen swimming in the sea but they later realised he was groping for breath.
An attempt to rescue him failed, the witnesses said.
The incident was reported to the Assembly Member as well as the unit committee and the youth in the area to mount a search to retrieve the body but they were unsuccessful.
Mr Emmanuel Avevor, the Assembly Member for the area, confirmed the incident and admonished the public to be wary of swimming in the sea during the festive season.
The incident has since been reported to the Police at Aboadze for investigations.