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School Survival Forums / The Lounge / General Talk / Philosophy, Politics & History
/ No gays allowed: Saudi Arabia bans homosexuals from schools
No gays allowed: Saudi Arabia bans homosexuals from schools
Given 101 thank(s) in 70 post(s)
http://rt.com/news/saudi-arabia-gays-ban-213/
Quote: Gays and "tomboys" can no long enter public schools and universities in Saudi Arabia, until they change their appearance and behavior. That's how the country chose to tackle the spread of the two "phenomena".
The Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, the country's the most feared law enforcement agency, has received high-leveled orders to enforce new orders on homosexuality and girls who adopt masculine appearances, the Arabic-language daily Sharq reported.
"Instructions have been issued to all public schools and universities to ban the entry of gays and tom boys and to intensify their efforts to fight this phenomenon, which has been promoted by some websites," the announcement read.
However, the source did not make clear who issued the instructions.
Banned teenagers will be allowed back to school only if they "stop such practices" and "unacceptable behavior" in public places.
Saudi Arabia operates under Shariah, or Islamic law, and punishes homosexuality with sentences of corporal and capital punishment.
Two years ago, Saudi authorities toughened a law banning the hiring of gays and lesbians.
Saudi Arabian government can BUUUUUUUURRRRNNNNN
(01-10-2012 02:15 PM)Maelstrom Wrote: Efs, your nihilism is beautiful.
Thanks given by: James Comey
iexist
Given 2 thank(s) in 2 post(s)
RE: No gays allowed: Saudi Arabia bans homosexuals from schools
tomboys? what
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Alucard483
Site Mod
Given 92 thank(s) in 65 post(s)
I loled
Whilst some work diligently there are those who ask why. I am one of them
(\__/) This is Bunny. Paste Bunny into your signature
(='.'=) to help him gain world domination.
Soul#2: I already have a grip. Doc:and a porno mag and a tube of lube I'm sure"
Lifes a bitch, then you marry one
This has been a test of the emergency pointless argument system. Had this been a real pointless argument, someone would have been called a facist.
Ceiling Cat: For that you need to wear a fursuit, though.
Inside sources say that Carla Franklin has had more dick in her than a public urinal.
Living Dead Girl
...Wooow. That's nice, punishing people for something they have very little, if any, control over and putting them through the stress to conceal it.
Also, about the tomboys.. that's just fucking hilarious and horrible at the same time. What a judgmental government.
UnschoolShqiponjë
Given 221 thank(s) in 148 post(s)
Tomboys = Dykes I assume.
Aahhh the men there are pretty damn pathetic.
Live until you die
aaaaaaasd
Grorious Moddu
>saudi arabia
>not a backwards shithole
The; Captain Obvious
Now i wanna be gay
....................../´¯/)
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............./´¯/'...'/´¯¯`·¸
........../'/.../..../......./¨¯\
........('(...´...´.... ¯~/'...')
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..........''...\.......... _.·´
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SaintVicious
I'd think of something witty but its so silly I don't even know.
HeartofShadows
image hosting jpg
fuck gay rewning sadi rabia, god dam some of a beatches
tomboys, are not cooking, cleaning parenting?
4r4b7
im not banned
Thanks: 16
i know that the saudi government has many problems, but : crime is lower than the west, drugs are lower than the west, there is less rape than the west. when people say 'i would be so frustrated if women couldn't show any flesh', they are perverts because they want 2 gawp at women.
Hidden stuff:
Time isnt Wasted, when you gettin Wasted
get rid of the middle eastern countrys. just please burn them all.
http://www.avaaz.org/en/
http://www.infowars.com/
http://hackforums.net/
Endeavourer
Hooray for intolerance. This intolerance is also found in Uganda: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uganda_Anti...ality_Bill
If you're a homosexual in Uganda, YOU WILL DIE!!!!! .... How stupid can this world get?
DONATE MONEY TO HELP THESE POOR PEOPLE HAVE A LIFE
>GROWS UP TO BECOME NAZI EXTREMIST HOMOPHOBE
Wow that's just pathetic
No, this is Patrick.
I live in saudi arabia, and majority of the saudis wear gay clothin, so its hard 4 the saudi government to determine who is gay or not. and here men hug, kiss eachothers hands in public and its normal 4 people to do that.
(This post was last modified: 05-13-2012 05:34 AM by 4r4b7.)
(05-13-2012 05:32 AM)ihateteachers Wrote: I live in saudi arabia, and majority of the saudis wear gay clothin, so its hard 4 the saudi government to determine who is gay or not. and here men hug, kiss eachothers hands in public and its normal 4 people to do that.
Lol, that's so hilarious. Because l can relate. l live in Malaysia and there are people who are very intolerant of "gays", but lots of the culture here have males who are borderline "gay" in the way they dress and look to. Like you know how guys look in anime or manga? There are lots of guys who emulate that sort of appearance, and that's perfectly ok, provided you don't out right call someone "gay". Stupid hypocritical world.
(05-12-2012 03:52 PM)ihateteachers Wrote: i know that the saudi government has many problems, but : crime is lower than the west, drugs are lower than the west, there is less rape than the west. when people say 'i would be so frustrated if women couldn't show any flesh', they are perverts because they want 2 gawp at women.
sounds nice.
FarBeyondDriven
Enemy: packaged rebellion.
This thread needs to be moved... it's turned into a war of words rather than what it was intended for.
One thing I'll say concerning the original post's topic is that homosexuality is not a choice in any way, shape or form; increasingly, it is being thought of by scientists as a natural occurrence in the complex structure of human sexual orientation. It is also not a "chemical imbalance", if anyone here is ignorant enough to believe such a thing -- the cause of homosexuality, heterosexuality, etc. are all unknown but are seen as being closely if not exactly alike. To be homosexual means to be attracted to the same-sex and only the same-sex... there is no such literal thing as "looking gay", and to feel as though somebody does lays psychologically. "Gay" is a term referring to something literal (attraction), technically inapplicable to physical objects/outer exteriors. Stereotyping is a result of this hierarchy society's media brainwash, resulting in the expansion of control over consumers (and we are all consumers, consciously or subconsciously) , i.e. you and I... key in maintaining division between people.
As the saying goes: "divide and conquer".
Human beings are a species whose brain collectively works in a way of categorizing practically everything. When such categorizing is based on stereotypes, and these stereotypes are depended on to "register" others' physical or otherwise identities (instead of logical, real-life personality attributes), there's a problem, and one that needs to fuck off already. The aforementioned isn't natural; it's a result of manipulation and bullshit-feeding. A man with blue eyes and blonde hair is not necessarily German. He could be, but to either assume he could be because of his outer appearance (stereotype) when you are actually clueless about genetics (reality) on a whole, or to assume he is full-stop, is to accept your conditioning to/of idiocy, making you a willful consumer/idiot whether admitting to being one or not.
A guy can appear feminine, a girl can appear masculine, but neither can look as though they are attracted to the same-sex/"gay". Females and males' attraction are both triggered differently of course, but a lot of people mistake this for meaning attraction to males is a feminine thing and that attraction to females is a masculine, which is not true.
Homosexuality is as important as heterosexuality, and personally I find that they both do not matter. Many Nazis (including Hitler himself I am lead to believe) stated that they did not believe in "race" (as there is technically no such thing outside of bloodline and genetics of which change skin colour) to be important, but the bloodline and genetics of which change skin colour. It was a cultural, political, moral code thing of which needed ground to stand on for the purpose of them gaining power -- their words, not mine. To me, this is funny, because Obama had his recent out-of-nowhere (tactic, since it's election time and guy needs a new gimmick to get by on) go at speaking so highly in favour of homosexuality publicized very widely (obvious purpose was to gain votes -- keyword: power). In actuality, the only reason homosexuality was ever made illegal is because politics needs its resource to stay relevant/convince people government is important in the balance of "freedom of speech" (those against homosexuality -- usually indoctrinated by man-made religion, i.e. another way to control people -- and those for). I could go on, but find no point to.
"When will you guys realize that the only difference between my real life and a porno is my life has better lighting?" - Barney Stinson, "How I Met Your Mother"
(This post was last modified: 05-14-2012 02:04 AM by FarBeyondDriven.)
Really? So its the womans fault she gets raped?
im saying stop getting angry with saudi. they can do what they want with their coumtry. I live im saudi and lots of men dress like gays and they are straight, so iys hard to determine who is gay and who isnt.
Quote: I live in saudi arabia, and majority of the saudis wear gay clothin, so its hard 4 the saudi government to determine who is gay or not. and here men hug, kiss eachothers hands in public and its normal 4 people to do that.
Your logic is extremely flawed...
For one, there may be less rape in Saudi Arabia than there is in the West, but since rape is in no instance the women's fault, how she dresses has nothing to do with it. The populace of Saudi Arabia is approximately twenty seven million. In December of 2011, it was estimated that America's was almost three hundred and thirteen million. England's is sixty million... so naturally, there would be less report of rape in this area of the North since there are less males there.
Most men or women of whom disagree with Saudi Arabian women not being "allowed" by male authority to show skin are not at all "perverted". Rather, the majority is made up of anti-sexist (naturally, not politically necessarily) human beings following the moral belief that women are capable of thinking for themselves and should, because of this, not be forced into conformation (cultural or otherwise) merely due to them having been born someplace. Women's basic human rights aren't something for men to pick and choose from with law or for you and I to be having a debate about, just as people who are gay's aren't.
I've already addressed your opinion on clothing being gay, in turn confusing the government as to whether or not someone is homosexual or not... As for men kissing or hugging each other in greeting; there's nothing about them doing so even remotely homosexual. Even if they were both gay (and I will remind you that this word means "to be attracted to the same-sex and only the same-sex"), unless either felt something for the other (even so, physical contact is not "homosexual" because homosexuality is a sexual orientation and sexual orientation is based on feeling/emotion, not "touch") romantic and/or otherwise, the relationship between them could not be defined as sexual, therefore nor homosexual (with the same sense applying to heterosexuality also).
EDIT: The Saudi Arabian government may "officially" own Saudi Arabia, but in actuality, land is owned only psychologically and it is when people accept this ownership as real that authoritativeness becomes literal. They have no right to sentence anyone to death, jail, anything based on not sexual orientation, but their ignorance of what it is.
Slutty Nun
If I were a Saudi Arabian, I'd pretend to be lesbian so that I wouldn't get school
Valerie Solanas
(05-14-2012 01:22 AM)FarBeyondDriven Wrote: To be homosexual means to be attracted to the same-sex and only the same-sex... there is no such literal thing as "looking gay", and to feel as though somebody does lays psychologically. "Gay" is a term referring to something literal (attraction), technically inapplicable to physical objects/outer exteriors. Stereotyping is a result of this hierarchy society's media brainwash, resulting in the expansion of control over consumers (and we are all consumers, consciously or subconsciously) , i.e. you and I... key in maintaining division between people.
Quote: A guy can appear feminine, a girl can appear masculine, but neither can look as though they are attracted to the same-sex/"gay". Females and males' attraction are both triggered differently of course, but a lot of people mistake this for meaning attraction to males is a feminine thing and that attraction to females is a masculine, which is not true.
I feel like this is pretty reductive? 'Technically inapplicable' or not, a very feminine man is more likely gay than straight. And that doesn't even take into account subcultural differences in dressing that make (some!) gay people look gay to (some!) other people. I don't really understand the insistence that everything can be so neatly compartmentalized-like yes, you can define being gay, no, human variation does not stop neatly at the lines you draw.
"Do we treat straight public sex differently than we do gay public sex? Of course. Straight people are so proud of their public sex that they named a cocktail after it."
Quote: I feel like this is pretty reductive? 'Technically inapplicable' or not, a very feminine man is more likely gay than straight. And that doesn't even take into account subcultural differences in dressing that make (some!) gay people look gay to (some!) other people. I don't really understand the insistence that everything can be so neatly compartmentalized-like yes, you can define being gay, no, human variation does not stop neatly at the lines you draw.
This is going to be long... darn my non-existent life and tireless fingers. No problem if you don't get through it all… piece of schizo anyway.
Just to say, I kind of wish this was part of my homework... I've got three essays to do...
In my opinion, what I wrote earlier was pretty reductive because, though I know the currently accepted science behind human sexuality, I do not know certain scientific terms and am therefore unable to explain in as much detail as I'd like to my point and how it is factually supported. I addressed what I think of some people viewing others as looking "gay" already, but (I feel as though) you replied with the exact thing I'd (at least, attempted to) addressed:
Quote: "'Technically inapplicable' or not, a very feminine man is more likely gay than straight." and "(some!) gay people look gay to (some!) other people".
My point is not that some people don't look "gay" to others, but that why they do is irrational, "reductive" compartmentalization/result of brainwash, conditioning.
Technically (as in scientifically), there is no literal thing as "gay" (homosexual/ity) outside of its meaning "to be solely attracted to the same-sex". Therefore, to feel as though someone looks "gay" is the result of, as I'll further explain, brainwash and conditioning. Relating femininity (i.e. gender) in males (sex) to sexual orientation (sexuality) or using femininity to assume another's sexual orientation is technically (scientifically) nonsensical. This conditioning (attaching one thing -- gender -- to another thing -- homosexuality -- like they have relevance when they do not and seeing this view as "rational" being the result of this specific instance's) is broadcast by media of all kinds (this is a medium-revolved society -- you and I were born exposed to it... forced to school, for example, at an age of which permitted us no right to refuse.) Scientifically proven as nonfactual opinion yet one of which is still held after disproof (which is an irrational thing to do) and having this holding seen by others as a "good thing", "freedom of speech", "natural diversity in people" are just as fucking dulled-over themselves. Freedom of speech is mandatory, but irrationality promoted as the former is certainly not... e.g. religion is cult brainwash, unnatural manipulation of the natural abilities of humans' brains, e.g. compartmentalization, fear... religion is a dumbing down of our species; a way to control us, and so is the manipulation used to attain worshippers when applied to something else, like this (stereotyping).
Basically: natural compartmentalization scheme of the brain = brought forward as being depended on for registering individuals (could explain further but meh), just another aspect of you usable to dumb you down so that you are easier to control/desensitized: i.e. accept *hierarchy* authority, this instance of society as "normal" or at least "acceptable", etc. You take so many things in subconsciously (as in, not by choice -- you didn't choose to believe gay people were a certain way... feminine or masculine or otherwise... did you? As I have written above, if scientifically, gender has nothing to do with homosexuality, why do you think it does? It's certainly not a natural way to think... perhaps normal, but not natural).
Brainwash (sounds clique but ehh) and conditioning by medium: (e.g. sexuality = emotion, feeling = literal, not psychological view) to an irrelevant other (e.g. clothing = man-made material = physical = the importance of "style"... even the need to wear anything at all... being only psychologically real/caused by conditioning; not scientifically, literally important in any other way except for disease and such... but that's not my point). Gender identification, of course, can be related to dress-sense. Gender stereotypes are at the base of gender-queerness and transsexualism. A female who dresses masculinely (and identifies as gender-queer) is gender-queer. By the way, no big deal. A female who feels as though they are a male by mind and wishes to be bodily as well is transsexual/gender. No big deal, either. If society was somehow conditioned into seeing "masculine" clothes as being "feminine", then these clothes would be "feminine" (because gender-roles, when applied to objects when they are internal and only expressed by what we've )Because society has been conditioned into seeing clothes as "masculine", they are. Obviously way more complicated than that, but I'm sure that's ramble enough.
It is known that whatever it is that alters gender is not what (solely, at least) alters orientation. Since both are spectrums, femininity in males does not give any rational ground to assuming these men as being homosexual/"looking" like they are (refer above).
Not sure if I'm making sense...
Again on to compartmentalization: it is something the brain does (compartmentalizes things) when, for example, someone is a scientist yet holds belief in religion and/or God. The brain detaches these two contradicting beliefs -- (proven =) rational vs. (unproven=) irrational -- allowing both to function without exposing the latter to the aforementioned/allowing illogic within otherwise intelligent people. Can you relate that to what I'm saying?
By the way; heterosexuality's cause is just as much a mystery as homosexuality to scientists. They have not discovered a "gay gene" or a "straight gene" -- any sort of gene of which changes one's sexual orientation. The media report only that a "gay gene" hasn't been found; more foolery for the brain to take in/division of humankind... sexuality is a natural occurrence, full stop... and participating in a corrupt system. I do see sexual orientation to go as deep as that, and understand it to be hijacked for propaganda leverage for belief in politics, etc.
-- Excerpt from "ediuwompzwssjq"
SoulRiser
Site Founder
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All I know is, I've got a friend who looks and behaves in a somewhat 'feminine' sort of way, many people have said he's gay, but he isn't... and I sort of look and behave a bit like a guy, some people have thought I'm a lesbian... but I am not. So I don't know if looking a certain way has any bearing on orientations or whatever, but even if it does, it most certainly isn't always true... it doesn't really make sense that it would be related though. Is sexual orientation really genetic? Is liking the colour red genetic? ... I don't see how it could be genetic.
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(05-15-2012 04:13 AM)SoulRiser Wrote: All I know is, I've got a friend who looks and behaves in a somewhat 'feminine' sort of way, many people have said he's gay, but he isn't... and I sort of look and behave a bit like a guy, some people have thought I'm a lesbian... but I am not. So I don't know if looking a certain way has any bearing on orientations or whatever, but even if it does, it most certainly isn't always true... it doesn't really make sense that it would be related though. Is sexual orientation really genetic? Is liking the colour red genetic? ... I don't see how it could be genetic.
Lapping this "pretty much my thoughts exactly" moment up. Well put.
(05-15-2012 02:24 AM)FarBeyondDriven Wrote: My point is not that some people don't look "gay" to others, but that why they do is irrational, "reductive" compartmentalization/result of brainwash, conditioning.
It's not compartmentalizing to notice generalities--it's actually compartmentalizing to say that since sexuality it who you're attracted to, that can't spill over into anything else. I know what the definition of gay is, I also know that for both myself and a lot of other gay people, it goes along with somewhat atypical gender expression. (And to say that's true disproportionately often for gay people doesn't mean there are no gender-nonconforming straight people.)
Quote: Technically (as in scientifically), there is no literal thing as "gay" (homosexual/ity) outside of its meaning "to be solely attracted to the same-sex". Therefore, to feel as though someone looks "gay" is the result of, as I'll further explain, brainwash and conditioning. Relating femininity (i.e. gender) in males (sex) to sexual orientation (sexuality) or using femininity to assume another's sexual orientation is technically (scientifically) nonsensical.
It's neither nonsensical nor entirely unscientific. Observation is the basis of science, even. I mean, if you want to insist that, by definition, someone can't 'look gay', sure. No one is saying that you can literally see who someone else is attracted to. But people are not just a random collection of traits thrown together--some things are more likely to go together than others, and being gay and gender-nonconformity are two of those things. You can certainly look like the kind of person who is unusually likely to be gay. It's just splitting hairs over semantics.
Quote: Brainwash (sounds clique but ehh) and conditioning by medium: (e.g. sexuality = emotion, feeling = literal, not psychological view) to an irrelevant other (e.g. clothing = man-made material = physical = the importance of "style"... even the need to wear anything at all... being only psychologically real/caused by conditioning; not scientifically, literally important in any other way except for disease and such... but that's not my point). Gender identification, of course, can be related to dress-sense. Gender stereotypes are at the base of gender-queerness and transsexualism. A female who dresses masculinely (and identifies as gender-queer) is gender-queer. By the way, no big deal. A female who feels as though they are a male by mind and wishes to be bodily as well is transsexual/gender. No big deal, either. If society was somehow conditioned into seeing "masculine" clothes as being "feminine", then these clothes would be "feminine" (because gender-roles, when applied to objects when they are internal and only expressed by what we've )Because society has been conditioned into seeing clothes as "masculine", they are. Obviously way more complicated than that, but I'm sure that's ramble enough.
If clothes can 'be' masculine or feminine based on which gender they're typically associated with, why can't they 'be' gay or not gay? Why is one more essential than the other?
Thought Criminal
Why would they ban homosexuality? Muhammad is gay!
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My boyfriend and I would like to get married before he dies.He has stage 4 cancer, and was placed on hospice yesterday. Will I be responsible for his medical bills incurred during his illness?
I am so sorry about your boyfriend. I know this is a difficult time for you.
Washington is a community property state. Therefore if you marry your boyfriend, you will be legally responsible for all medical bills and other debts incurred in his name after your marriage. You will not be responsible for any of the medical bills and other debts he incurred before the date of your marriage however unless you co-signed for any of them or signed paperwork agreeing to be responsible for them.


text: Q: Youtube data api post a Bulletin I wish to publish a Bulletin (youtube equivilant to a status) using the youtube data api, I can't seem to find any documentation or example of how to do that. Is this possible? If so how?

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Amateur Sports
Purity of Sport
Death of IOC Honorary Member Flor Isava Fonseca
By M B on July 27, 2020 No Comment
It is with great sadness that the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has learnt of the death of IOC Honorary Member Flor Isava Fonseca, at the age of 99.
A member of the Venezuelan Olympic equestrian team at the Olympic Games in 1956, she was a pioneer in the promotion of gender equality in sport as one of the first two women elected as IOC Members in 1981 – serving the organisation in this position for 20 years – and the first female member of the IOC Executive Board (EB), from 1990 to 1994.
IOC President Thomas Bach said: "Ms Flor Isava Fonseca was a great lady of Olympic sport. As one of the first female Members of the IOC and the first female EB member, she was a strong promoter of the Olympic values in her home country, Venezuela, and beyond. She was very well appreciated, in particular for all the many initiatives she undertook with regard to education through sport. The entire Olympic Movement will remember her as a personality with a great human touch."
Born in Caracas in 1921, she studied in France and Belgium. Isava Fonseca had a Bachelor of Arts and a Master's degree in modern languages, and worked as a journalist and an author, but her passion for sport developed as soon as she returned to her native country in 1939 and devoted herself to tennis, equestrian sport, hockey and swimming, the sport in which she became the captain of the national team.
She was a national champion in equestrian and tennis, and won a silver medal in the latter at the Central American and Caribbean Games in Baranquilla, Colombia, in 1946. Later, at 48 years of age, she also took up golf, reaching the highest levels in national competitions.
In 1947, Isava Fonseca founded the Venezuelan Equestrian Federation, of which she was President from 1962 to 1965. She was a member of the National Olympic Committee from 1964 to 1968 (joining the Board of Directors in 1965); President of the Sports Confederation of Venezuela from 1977 to 1981; and a sports advisor to the President of the Republic from 1989 to 1995.
A daughter of two philanthropists, Isava Fonseca was very much committed to charity herself. The holder of a diploma from the Venezuelan Red Cross, in 1990 she established a foundation bearing her name to offer education and sport to male and female prisoners and disadvantaged communities in Caracas.
For her work in sport and society, she received numerous awards, including the Order of the Liberator in Venezuela (1990), the Order of Civil Merit in Spain (1992), the title of Knight of the Legion of Honour in France (2001) and the Olympic Order (2002).
At the IOC, in addition to being a member of the Women and Sport Commission from 1995 to 2001, Isava Fonseca also contributed to the following commissions: International Olympic Academy and Olympic Education (1981-1991), Olympic Movement (1991-1994) and Centennial Olympic Congress – Congress of Unity, Study (1994-1996).
In 2016, in recognition of her achievements in the advancement of gender equality in sport, she was chosen as one of the faces of the One Win Leads to Another programme, created by the IOC and UN Women to build the leadership skills of adolescent girls through sport.
The IOC expresses its deepest sympathies to Flor Isava Fonseca's family. As a mark of respect, the Olympic flag will be flown at half-mast at Olympic House.
Caracas, equestrian, Executive Board, Flor Isava Fonseca, IOC, Olympics, Thomas Bach, Venezuela
Death of IOC Honorary Member Flor Isava Fonseca added by M B on July 27, 2020
View all posts by M B →
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Restore the strength and appearance of damaged teeth with natural white fillings. The dentists provide composite fillings that will look just like the rest of your teeth, providing you with a brand new, natural smile.
Unlike older silver amalgam fillings, white fillings are designed to perfectly match the colour of a patient's teeth so they will not stand out, which can increase confidence and self-esteem.
Fillings are one of the most common dental procedures. Your dentist may offer treatment on the same day as your check-up or schedule an appointment at a time that suits you.
Your dentist will first use a local anaesthetic to numb the area being treated, after which the tooth will be drilled and cleaned to remove decayed and damaged areas before the filling is set in place. The surface of the tooth will then be trimmed and polished for a perfect finish. Patients are usually able to eat straight away.
If you have old silver or gold fillings and would prefer the natural look of white, your dentist may offer the option of having these replaced. If your old fillings are due for replacement, white fillings will be a suitable substitute in most cases, thought for the back teeth it can sometimes be preferable to fit a crown.


text:
Elon Musk says he will step down as Twitter CEO when he finds a successor
At his other companies, including electric carmaker Tesla and rocket maker SpaceX, Mr. Musk has occasionally appointed a key adviser to run the business in his absence. At SpaceX, the task falls to Gwynne Shotwell, its president and CEO.
At Twitter, Mr. Musk had chosen to run the company himself. He borrowed employees from his other companies, including Tesla and the Boring Company, a tunneling startup, to join him. Steve Davis, president of the Boring Company, has led various cost-cutting initiatives at Twitter. Mr. Musk has rotated people to advise him on legal and financial matters, including investor Antonio Gracias, a former Tesla board member, and Alex Spiro, his personal lawyer.
Mr. Musk has also relied on Tesla and SpaceX employees to handle technical issues as layoffs and resignations have decimated Twitter's engineering ranks. While at least one Tesla board member said he thought the automaker's workers would only be briefly deployed on Twitter, Mr. Musk continued to use them, including Sheen Austin, an engineer of Tesla who ran Twitter's infrastructure organization.
Some of Mr. Musk's advisers have lobbied to run Twitter. On Sunday, Jason Calacanis, an investor in Mr. Musk's Twitter, asked his own followers on the platform whether he or venture capitalist David Sacks should be Twitter's chief executive, or share the job.
Mr Musk, who was in Qatar for the World Cup final this weekend with Jared Kushner, is also looking for new investments in Twitter. After selling $3.6 billion worth of Tesla stock last week, its finance team, led by Jared Birchall, the head of its family office, sent out emails to potential investors, a person who has said was approached about investing and who was not authorized to speak publicly.
The emails to potential backers urged them to invest at the $54.20 share price that Mr. Musk paid to buy the company, the person said. But Mr. Musk has since publicly stated that the price he paid for Twitter was more than double what it was worth. The potential fundraising was flagged earlier by Semafor.
Mr. Musk continued to aggressively cut costs on Twitter. On Friday night, the company began a new round of layoffs, according to four people familiar with the actions and documents seen by The New York Times. About 50 employees, mostly from the company's infrastructure division, were laid off, the sources said. It is unclear how the other divisions were affected.
How the Digital Technology of a Casino Works
Pokemon Go's huge success has me fearing, not cheering, the future of the game


text:
Hang Seng ▲
Yen ▲
Murray & Roberts Holdings Ltd. ADR MURZY (U.S.: OTC)
AT CLOSE 10:48 AM EDT 07/16/19
Volume 1,000
65 Day Avg Vol 68
1 Day Range 0.95 - 0.95
52 Week Range 0.857 - 1.38 (12/20/18 - 07/31/18)
MURZY 5.56%
Russell 2K -0.72%
Real Estate/Construction 0.31%
Diane C. Radley, 51
Independent Non-Executive Director, Murray & Roberts Holdings Ltd.
Ms. Diane C. Radley is Chief Executive Officer at Old Mutual Investment Group (Pty) Ltd. She is on the Board of Directors at Bytes Technology Group Ltd.
Ms. Radley was previously employed as Group Finance Director by Old Mutual Life Assurance Co. (South Africa) Ltd., Non-Executive Director by Omnia Holdings Ltd., Chief Financial Officer by Allied Electronics Corp. Ltd., Non-Executive Chairman by Onelogix Group Ltd., and a Principal by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. She also served on the board at Power Technologies (Pty) Ltd.
She received her undergraduate degree from Rhodes College, an undergraduate degree from the University of South Africa and an MBA from the University of the Witwatersrand.
News Murray & Roberts Holdings Ltd. ADRMURZY
No news for MURZY in the past two years.
All Company Executives Murray & Roberts Holdings Ltd. ADR
Henry Johannes Laas, 59 Group Chief Executive Officer & Executive Director
Daniël Grobler Executive Director & Group Financial Director
Frank Saieva Operations Executive-Energy & Industrial
Eduard Jardim Head-Media Relations & Investor Relations Contact
Lambertus Kok, 54 Group Secretary & Head-Investor Relations
Suresh Parbhoo Kana, 63 Independent Non-Executive Chairman
Thetele Emmarancia Mashilwane, 43 Independent Non-Executive Director
Alexander Komape Maditsi, 57 Independent Non-Executive Director
Diane C. Radley, 53 Independent Non-Executive Director
Ralph Havenstein, 62 Lead Independent Director
Keith William Spence, 64 Independent Non-Executive Director
Xolani Humphrey Mkhwanazi, 63 Independent Non-Executive Director
Nomalizo Beryl Langa-Royds, 57 Independent Non-Executive Director


The Allentown location of Tiger Schulmann's offers classes in kickboxing, kids' martial arts, mixed martial arts, karate, Muay Thai and jiu jitsu classes for all skill levels.
Under the direction of Shihan James Simpson and his team of handpicked, highly trained and skilled teachers, you and/or your children will set and reach long-term fitness goals while gaining key self-defense skills, self-discipline, and a higher level of confidence. In a hurry to get back to work? We've got you covered with on-site parking and showers.
Come by and see why the Allentown location of Tiger Schulmann's Martial Arts is the best place for you.
Great experience, best self defense and an awesome work out. Love Tiger Schulmann's Allentown.
I have found confidence, health, conditioning, family & friendships through Tiger Schulmanns. I've learned how to protect myself, and I get a great work out every time I go. You do not have to be in shape to start at Tiger Schulmans, you are welcomed at any level and you work at your pace from there.
We are extremely pleased. We started our 12 year old son last October and the changes we have seen in him have been amazing. He is more confident and willing to try new things and more social. He has made wonderful friends as well. Shihan Simpson has been such a good role model for him with his mixture of discipline and fun. I would recommend the school highly.
My daughter has been a student at Allentown Tiger Schulmann's for 4 years now. I used to watch her take class and was always skeptical about joining myself, knowing it would be a tough workout, especially for a 55 year old. About 3 years ago I took my very first class during their Mother's Day promotion, and I've been hooked ever since. Since I've started I've LOST 22 pounds but I GAINED friendships, self defense and confidence! I don't even realize I'm burning hundreds of calories per class because of how much FUN it is. I encourage you to give it a try. You'll be hooked, just like me!


text:
Tuʻanukulau ist eine kleine unbewohnte Insel in der tonganischen Inselgruppe Vavaʻu.

Geographie
Tuʻanukulau ist eines der kleinsten Motu in der Gruppe der größeren Schwester Tapana. Es liegt zwischen Tapana, Lautala und Fanuatapu.

Klima
Das Klima ist tropisch heiß, wird jedoch von ständig wehenden Winden gemäßigt. Ebenso wie die anderen Inseln der Vavaʻu-Gruppe wird Tuʻanukulau gelegentlich von Zyklonen heimgesucht.

Einzelnachweise

Vavaʻu
Insel (Tonga)
Insel (Pazifischer Ozean)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Eric Andrew Apparel Group, Inc.
This is a brand page for the MORGANWEAR trademark by Eric Andrew Apparel Group, Inc. in NEW YORK, , 100182268.
Write a review about a product or service associated with this MORGANWEAR trademark. Or, contact the owner Eric Andrew Apparel Group, Inc. of the MORGANWEAR trademark by filing a request to communicate with the Legal Correspondent for licensing, use, and/or questions related to the MORGANWEAR trademark.
On Friday, April 10, 1998, a U.S. federal trademark registration was filed for MORGANWEAR. The USPTO has given the MORGANWEAR trademark serial number of 75466019. The current federal status of this trademark filing is ABANDONED - FAILURE TO RESPOND OR LATE RESPONSE. The correspondent listed for MORGANWEAR is CHRISTINA MATHEWS of BALLON STOLL BADER & NADLER, 1450 BROADWAY, NEW YORK NY 10018-2268 . The MORGANWEAR trademark is filed in the category of Clothing Products . The description provided to the USPTO for MORGANWEAR is After ski boots, anklets, ascots, athletic footwear, athletic shoes, athletic uniforms, bags (ski boot); headbands, neckbands, sweatbands, wristbands, bathing caps, bathing suits, bathing trunks, bathrobes, beach coverups, beachwear, garter belts, money belts, belts (clothing), berets, bermuda shorts, cloth bibs, ski bibs, bikinis, blazers, bloomers, blouses, body shapes, body suits, booties, boots, after ski boots, ski boots, hiking boots, bottoms, bow ties, boxer shorts, toe boxes, briefs (und.
Last Applicant/Owner: Eric Andrew Apparel Group, Inc.
Trademarkia-Network law firms can help you incorporate a business around your MORGANWEAR trademark in less than 5 minutes. Trademarkia makes the process easy and convenient, so start now!
CHRISTINA MATHEWS is a correspondent of MORGANWEAR trademark.
MORGANWEAR is providing After ski boots, anklets, ascots, athletic footwear, athletic shoes, athletic uniforms, bags (ski boot); headbands, neckbands, sweatbands, wristbands, bathing caps, bathing suits, bathing trunks, bathrobes, beach coverups, beachwear, garter belts, money belts, belts (clothing), berets, bermuda shorts, cloth bibs, ski bibs, bikinis, blazers, bloomers, blouses, body shapes, body suits, booties, boots, after ski boots, ski boots, hiking boots, bottoms, bow ties, boxer shorts, toe boxes, briefs (und.


After more than 30 years in the role of "Music Reviewer" I am happy to report that the activity hasn't become rote and automatic. Because, often I am pleasantly surprised by the concert experience, especially when it is outside the limitations of my initial expectations. After being asked to review last night's Aimee Mann concert at the Barrymore in Madison, I definitely walked away feeling like I got way more than I initially bargained for (in my mind, that is).
Which clearly begs the question, what did I expect? Well, first let's look at the latest release by Aimee Mann, titled 'Mental Illness', a beautifully crafted album of strong material, anchored by Mann's driving acoustic guitar rhythms and her lilting singing style. The 11 songs are typically in an introspective, borderline melancholy mood, perfect for a rainy day. But this shouldn't shock anybody. Mann's nearly 25 year solo career has been founded on this sort of emotion… a dark humor balanced by melodies that stick in your head long after the record is off the turntable. Akin to watching an excellent drama, and having it's major themes stuck in your subconscious for days or weeks after.
With that said, here's my takeaway from the Barrymore show, which was overall quite uplifting. First, it can't be understated how entertaining it is to have "geek-rock" guru (and NPR host) Jonathan Coulton as the support act for this tour. Coulton's suit and tie and frizzy haired physical appearance, together with his goofy, almost "They Might Be Giants meets Pat McCurdy" type of comedic vibe, was 100% engaging and endearing. Straight out of the gate with his "Shop Vac" song, Coulton had the crowd reeled in and reeling with laughter.
Coulton's latest CD 'Solid State' was released last Friday (April 28) on Mann's SuperEgo label, and several new songs augmented his set, which had a running theme of middle-aged married life. There was the poke at his wife's bad tattoo ("Your Tattoo"), and the wait-for-the-punch-line ode to his children "You Ruined Everything" (from 2008's "JoCo Looks Back"). There were also humorous digs at the age of technology, such as "Brave", a song about a nasty Internet troll, and everyone's favorite social media activity: posting, viewing, and commenting on "Pictures Of Cats" (which featured Mann on bass guitar and harmony vocal).
The new 'Solid State' release by Jonathan Coulton also has an intriguing association to a hardcover graphic novel of the same name, created by Matt Fraction and Albert Monteys, which is available at the tour merchandise tables. The graphic novel has themes that warn against the dependence on artificial intelligence, and portrays a dystopian view of a future where society has become complacent and willing to be ruled by what Coulton calls "nicey-nice fascism".
The star of the show, Ms. Aimee Mann, in a stylish "half and half" gold and black short dress (gold front/black back), stockings, and black scarf and boots, opened her 90 minute set with "4th Of July" from her 1993 solo debut album 'Whatever'. During this opener, Mann was only accompanied by bassist/vocalist Paul Bryan. Keyboardist Jamie Edwards joined the stage next, after a playful false start on "Little Bombs", with Mann joking about her initial lyrical mishap with a nonchalant "it's early in the show, you'll forget it soon enough". Edwards is the group's primary instrumentalist, providing most of the melody to the music, the perfect compliment to Mann's stark yet absolutely essential acoustic guitar strumming. The keyboards reinvented themselves constantly throughout the set, sometimes cascading, and other times ethereal sheets of color and texture. Often I thought I was hearing accordion, strings, or pedal steel, but it was always Jamie Edwards' keyboard talents supplying those parts.
By the third selection (and first from the 'Mental Illness' album), "Stuck In The Past", drums were added to complete the quartet. And the four musicians were the show, as the stage was otherwise bare. Simple lighting and a black curtain backdrop ensured that all focus was on the songs and outstanding performances. Honestly, the best part of this concert for me, personally, was simply to let go and allow myself to be immersed in the music and drift. Often I found myself closing my eyes and disassociating myself with my consciousness, losing my ego to the point of forgetting who or where I was. These songs had that heady of an effect.
As Jonathan Coulton co-wrote many of the songs on the 'Mental Illness' album, he was coaxed back on stage to add backing vocals and second guitar for several selections. Among my favorites were the brutal retelling of how a friend lost her lover after she had completely reconfigured her life for him ("You Never Loved Me"), and Mann's gorgeous turn at piano on the lyrically stunning "Good For Me". The later being a poetic pure pop masterpiece.
The set wound down with Coulton providing some vigorous tandem strumming with Mann while Edwards stretched out via extended piano soloing on "Long Shot" from 1995's 'I'm With Stupid' album. To be expected, the Barrymore crowd came to their feet and gave Aimee and band a rousing standing ovation.
The encores provided a strong link to the 'Magnolia' movie soundtrack (the Grammy nominated "Save Me" was performed toward the end of the regular set) as Mann offered her own interpretation of Harry Nilsson's "One", complete with jazzy bass soloing courtesy of Paul Bryan. "Wise Up" was next, and the show ended with "Deathly" which displayed one of the more poignant moments of the evening. A young lady had remained standing throughout the encores, and came right to the edge of the stage, which motivated band members to play directly to her. The final number must truly have been one of her favorites, and she swayed and danced along to every last heart-wrenching and emotive note. And, after all, music is meant to move you, isn't it?


Merchants is the landing spot for avid wine lovers in Singapore! Our Bottle Shops are attached to cosy wine bar/bistros, and we offer small-batch wines direct from a co-operative of talented, indie winemakers all over Australia and NZ. Real wine made by real people – direct to you, the wine lover.
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Our store features boutique brands of wine exclusive to Merchants in Singapore. Merchants offers great cellar door deals because our winemakers deal with you direct, and they set the prices. We offer free delivery service for purchases over $300 as well.
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Myattsfield is located in the Bickley Valley, a tiny and beautiful micro-climate of rolling green hills and valleys, 30 minutes drive from Perth in Western Australia. Josh from Myattsfield is visiting in June 2017!


text:
Q: Read int OR float from file in C Let's consider a file of less than 10 numbers which can either int or float. I want to read them and add them to an array.
The issue I'm facing is that I can do that well if I have only ints for example,  but it messes things up whenever it reaches a float
in file.data
11
22
33.3
44
55

my code :
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

void usage(char * message) ;

int main(int argc, char * argv[]){

    //opening the file
    FILE * flux = fopen("file.data", "r");
    if (!flux) usage("error opening the file");

    int array[10]; //array to host the data
    int i=0;
    int lu;

    while ((lu = fscanf(flux, "%i", &array[i])) !=EOF && i<10){
        printf("lu %i\n", lu );
        printf("array[%i] %i\n", i, array[i] );
        printf("\n");
        i++;
    }

    return 0 ; }

void usage(char * message) { fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", message) ; exit(1) ;}

output :
lu 1
array[0] 11

lu 1
array[1] 22

lu 1
array[2] 33

lu 0
array[3] 0

lu 0
array[4] 4196464

lu 0
array[5] 0

lu 0
array[6] 4195936

lu 0
array[7] 0

lu 0
array[8] 904651696

lu 0
array[9] 32766

How can I use fscanf so that it doesn't get bogged down when it reaches a float?
(I can tell that it doesn't seem right to declare an array of int and to try to input some float... any way around that?)
edit:
my goal is to be able to read my array and print its content with their index, for example with my data :
0. 11
1. 22
2. 33.3
3. 44
4. 55

A: Do you only need integers? If so you can read float and convert them into integers before putting them in the array:
float tmp;
while ((lu = fscanf(flux, "%f", &tmp)) !=EOF && i<10){
    array[i] = (int)tmp; //you could use some rounding here
    printf("lu %i\n", lu );
    printf("array[%i] %i\n", i, array[i] );
    printf("\n");
    i++;
}


text:
Storia d'Italia è un'opera monumentale del giornalista e divulgatore storico Indro Montanelli, coadiuvato prima da Roberto Gervaso e poi da Mario Cervi. Essa è composta da 22 volumi, ognuno dedicato a un'epoca della storia italiana dal crollo dell'Impero Romano d'Occidente al 1997. L'opera è diventata nel tempo un longseller, la più popolare serie storica incentrata sul passato d'Italia. Interrogato sull'accoglienza entusiasta dei suoi libri, Montanelli spiegava di aver scoperto un pubblico appassionato di Storia, ma fin allora respinto dai testi – pur eccellenti – di studiosi specialisti, ma incapaci di avvicinare il lettore comune.

La collaborazione con Gervaso e Cervi prevedeva la prevalenza del «marchio» Montanelli. Già con Gervaso, il giornalista toscano raccontava che era il co-autore a fare le ricerche, leggere i libri necessari, preparando il bozzone. Partendo da questi elementi, Montanelli operava una riscrittura definitiva. Riguardo alla stesura dei volumi, Mario Cervi, il secondo collaboratore dell'opera, rivendicò in un'intervista il proprio contributo, generalmente sottovalutato da recensori e critici, soffrendo la situazione: «...L'Italia littoria. Da qui prese il via la nostra collaborazione. In verità la gran parte dei volumi successivi, come Indro ha sempre riconosciuto, li ho scritti io, con la sua piena approvazione. Poi lui faceva le prefazioni e le postfazioni, che erano molto importanti. Naturalmente, se dovevo inserire il ritratto di un personaggio di cui Montanelli aveva già scritto, attingevo dai suoi articoli».

La collana ebbe inizio casualmente, su idea e suggerimento di Dino Buzzati, allora redattore de La Domenica del Corriere.

I due prologhi dell'opera: le Storie di Roma e dei Greci

La Storia di Roma non fa parte dell'opera Storia d'Italia, ma ne è il primo prologo ed è importante perché il suo successo spinse Montanelli a continuare. Venne pubblicata dapprima a puntate su La Domenica del Corriere nel 1954, dietro suggerimento e incoraggiamento dell'amico e collega Dino Buzzati. Montanelli si rivolse inizialmente ad Arnoldo Mondadori per la pubblicazione in volume, che fu rifiutata, incontrando anche il parere contrario di tre lettori interni alla casa editrice. Così fu pubblicata dalla casa editrice Longanesi. L'autore adottò come punti di riferimento fondamentali le opere di Theodor Mommsen e Jérôme Carcopino. Montanelli ricevette, nel corso della pubblicazione a puntate del libro sul quotidiano, anche molte lamentele:

Montanelli aveva infatti attualizzato la storia romana paragonando Sant'Ambrogio a Henry Ford o a John Davison Rockefeller e affermando che la monarchia di Servio Tullio:

L'opera uscì in volume nel 1957 e Montanelli alla sua uscita si augurò:

Il libro riscosse tale successo che Montanelli pubblicò nel 1959 per l'Editore Rizzoli una Storia dei Greci, riepilogando con gusto giornalistico le antiche vicende dell'Ellade. Sull'onda del lusinghiero risultato, egli decise di dedicarsi a raccontare le vicende italiane dal 476 d.C., data canonica della caduta dell'Impero Romano d'Occidente, fino a Mussolini.

L'opera: un'impresa quarantennale
Indro Montanelli intese la sua Storia d'Italia come la naturale prosecuzione della Storia dei Greci e della Storia di Roma. Dopo la pubblicazione delle biografie di Giuseppe Garibaldi (firmata assieme a Marco Nozza nel 1962) e di Dante Alighieri (1964), Montanelli – data l'ampiezza e la mole del lavoro assegnatosi – iniziò una collaborazione col giovane Roberto Gervaso, ventisettenne fresco di studi. Assieme pubblicarono sei volumi: L'Italia dei secoli bui apparve nel 1965, cui seguirono L'Italia dei Comuni, L'Italia dei secoli d'oro, L'Italia della Controriforma, L'Italia del Seicento e L'Italia del Settecento. Storia di uomini più che di ideologie o fatti economico-sociali, nei volumi svettano i ritratti dei personaggi, i frequenti ricorsi all'aneddotica, ma anche l'interpretazione attualizzante dei fatti del passato. La convinzione tutta montanelliana, ribadita e rocciosa, è che nella storiografia accademica italiana siano mancati gli anelli di congiunzione tra l'Accademia e il pubblico, ignaro delle vicende italiane remote e recenti. Tra le eccezioni, individua pochi storici: Guglielmo Ferrero, Gioacchino Volpe, Roberto Ridolfi, Rosario Romeo. Di qui nasce il suo amore per la storiografia anglosassone e francese, e il rapporto di ostilità e l'ostracismo vissuto con gli ambienti accademici italiani.

I cinque volumi successivi – L'Italia giacobina e carbonara, L'Italia del Risorgimento, L'Italia dei Notabili, L'Italia di Giolitti e L'Italia in camicia nera – sono opera del solo Montanelli.

Dopo la fondazione nel 1974 de il Giornale nuovo, la cui direzione assorbe quotidianamente l'impegno di Montanelli, egli accetta la proposta di Mario Cervi (collega giornalista che l'ha seguito lasciando anch'egli il Corriere della Sera) di continuare assieme la pubblicazione dei volumi riguardanti l'Italia del XX secolo. Inaugurò così una nuova lunga collaborazione: il primo volume con Cervi è L'Italia littoria, seguono L'Italia dell'Asse, L'Italia della disfatta, L'Italia della guerra civile, L'Italia della Repubblica, L'Italia del miracolo, L'Italia dei due Giovanni, L'Italia degli anni di piombo, L'Italia degli anni di fango, L'Italia di Berlusconi e L'Italia dell'Ulivo, ultimo capitolo dell'opera. L'attualità raccontata dai due giornalisti di lunga esperienza in presa diretta sul giornale fu così travasata nel saggio storico. Come raccontato da Cervi, dopo la morte del co-autore, l'anziano Montanelli firmava la prefazione dei volumi, mentre egli – dopo aver steso di comune accordo la traccia dell'opera – redigeva la gran parte dei testi adeguandosi alla linea montanelliana, al suo impianto culturale inconfondibile: Montanelli poi correggeva i testi, composti da Cervi attingendo a piene mani alla sterminata produzione giornalistica del collega per trattare il periodo divulgato nel volume.

Gli ultimi due volumi, L'Italia del Novecento e L'Italia del Millennio, sono due compendi dell'opera. Un Sommario, prima agile sintesi sugli esordi dell'Italia unita, uscì nel 1986, firmato da Montanelli e Paolo Granzotto.

La monumentale impresa ha avuto enorme diffusione vendendo oltre 20 milioni di copie: dalle prime edizioni rilegate in cofanetto della Rizzoli si passò alle ristampe più economiche nei tascabili della Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli; poi si succedono le pubblicazioni parcellizzate in decine di volumetti per le edicole, pubblicate da Fabbri Editore; le edizioni nei club di vendite per corrispondenza di libri tra gli anni settanta e duemila: Club Italiano dei Lettori, Club degli Editori, Euroclub; esce in fascicoli allegati al Giornale durante la direzione di Montanelli. Da un calcolo di Emanuela Scarpellini, al 31 dicembre 2004 furono vendute 7 milioni di copie in libreria e 6 milioni nelle edicole (edizioni a fascicoli Fabbri). Dopo la morte di Montanelli, il Corriere della Sera ha pubblicato i volumi della Storia d'Italia ben tre volte: nel 2003 (raggiunse le 4,5 milioni di copie acquistate), nel 2011 e nel 2018.

A partire dall'edizione BUR pubblicata tra settembre 2010 e novembre 2012, i 22 volumi della Storia d'Italia montanelliana appaiono con la curatela di Sergio Romano, che appone delle premesse introduttive: vengono inseriti anche inserti iconografici a colori, appendici biografiche, cronologiche, bibliografiche aggiornate.

Dall'agosto 2022 è il settimanale TV Sorrisi e Canzoni a riproporre in 24 volumi la Storia d'Italia di Montanelli.

L'Italia dei secoli bui. Il Medio Evo sino al Mille
Tratta la Storia d'Italia nell'Alto Medioevo. Montanelli utilizzò come fonti la gigantesca opera dello storico bavarese Ferdinand Gregorovius, che egli ammirava profondamente, mentre per la storia dei Papi si ispirò a quella scritta da Ludwig von Pastor. Viene citato Mommsen come fonte di riferimento per la tarda età imperiale, e vengono còlti numerosi parallelismi tra gli eventi passati e quelli novecenteschi, caratteristica tipica delle presentazioni montanelliane. Un esempio fra tutti, la Grande Muraglia viene definita una delle altre Maginot di tutti i tempi. Al principio, parla del declino e della caduta dell'Impero romano d'Occidente, già trattato nella sua Storia di Roma, per cominciare a narrare la prima età medievale.

L'Italia dei Comuni. Il Medio Evo dal 1000 al 1250
L'età comunale, fondamentale passaggio storico con l'affermazione dell'autonomia locale nell'ambito dell'Impero. L'autore si ispirò all'opera dello storico britannico Anderson.

L'Italia dei secoli d'oro. Il Medio Evo dal 1250 al 1492
Ha come argomento l'evoluzione dal tardo Medioevo al Rinascimento in Italia.

L'Italia della Controriforma (1492-1600)
Il volume – a detta di alcuni il migliore della serie ma da altri criticato– si fonda sul rammarico che dopo quasi tre secoli «da protagonista, l'Italia viene degradata a oggetto delle vicende europee». Montanelli individua nella mancata Riforma protestante l'origine di tutti quei vizi e tratti autoritari che spiegano secoli di arretratezza civile ed economica. Così spiegava la sua tesi storiografica: «Ho accettato la tesi di due grandi maestri, Max Weber e Werner Sombart. Per loro la storia moderna comincia con la Riforma. Io percorro questa intuizione in senso inverso: non avendo noi italiani avuto la Riforma, abbiamo perso il treno della civiltà moderna». Un giudizio evidente nella seguente descrizione:

Gli autori videro nel trionfo autoritario della Controriforma lo spartiacque che segnò la perdita dell'autonomia nazionale, avvenuta all'acme dell'Umanesimo e del Rinascimento artistico e letterario italiano, e il rapido declino economico degli Stati della Penisola. Così Filippo II di Spagna, Re della Controriforma, soprattutto nella sua guerra agli olandesi riformati delle Fiandre «non capiva, non poteva capire che la sua lotta contro l'eresia era stata la lotta contro il mondo moderno, che proprio da quell'eresia prendeva l'avvio. Tutti i suoi sforzi e quelli della Chiesa erano riusciti soltanto a sottrarre a questa rivoluzione il loro feudo: la Spagna, l'Italia e il continente latino-americano. Con quali conseguenze per questi Paesi lo vediamo ancor oggi».

Da Girolamo Savonarola all'ascesa dei Borgia, il dramma della coscienza cristiana per lo scisma protestante, teologi ed eretici, dalle ricadute storiche della Riforma luterana alla reazione cattolica del Concilio di Trento, il boom artistico del Rinascimento e dei suoi protagonisti: Michelangelo Buonarroti, Raffaello Sanzio, Leonardo da Vinci, Niccolò Machiavelli, Francesco Guicciardini, Torquato Tasso, Ludovico Ariosto, Pietro Aretino, Benvenuto Cellini.
Montanelli chiude simbolicamente l'opera evocando l'immagine del rogo di Giordano Bruno perché esso «illumina di una luce più pertinente lo squallido paesaggio italiano dell'Italia della Controriforma: un prete e un gendarme intenti ad arrostire un ribelle privo anche del conforto di una causa a cui intestare il proprio sacrificio».

L'Italia del Seicento (1600-1700)
Storia di un secolo segnato dai progressi scientifici, l'ascesa e il declino delle potenze locali.
In questo volume viene dato molto spazio a fatti e scenari esteri: le conquiste spagnole nel Sud America che portano maree di oro in Europa e che possono essere viste come premesse della crisi economica, la guerra dei trent'anni, figlia della crisi stessa, le vicende dinastiche del casato degli Asburgo e l'ascesa della Francia. L'Italia viene rappresentata come colonia delle grande potenze protagoniste di questo secolo: è ben lontana dal capitalismo calvinista nascente nelle regioni dell'Europa settentrionale, immobilizzata nel latifondo e nelle cariche nobiliari.

L'Italia del Settecento (1700-1789)
Sullo sfondo delle guerre di successione europee, un excursus dal barocco ai lumi, alla rivoluzione francese.

L'Italia giacobina e carbonara (1789-1831)
Dalla Rivoluzione francese al turbine napoleonico che rovesciò lo status quo in Italia e in Europa; segue la plumbea Età della Restaurazione imposta dall'Austria sull'Italia pre-unitaria. Il libro racconta poi la fase dei primi fermenti risorgimentali manifestatisi coi moti carbonari, presto repressi.

L'Italia del Risorgimento (1831-1861)
Dalla conclusione dei moti carbonari all'Unità d'Italia.

L'Italia dei Notabili (1861-1900)
Storia del Paese dall'Unità all'assassinio di Re Umberto, il 29 luglio 1900. Questi 39 anni vedono periodi difficili, segnati dalle delusioni di un Paese che risulta unito solo sulla carta, ma che di fatto vede contrapporsi un Nord ricco e indipendente a un Sud ridotto a un costante sottosviluppo. L'Esercito italiano viene sconfitto a Custoza e la Marina a Lissa. Per cercare di realizzarsi, la classe dirigente persegue il sogno di costruire un impero in Africa, al pari delle altre potenze europee, che si rivelerà esorbitante per le casse pubbliche del giovane Stato, e foriero di sconfitte.

All'interno, si assiste alla ottusa politica reazionaria, inaugurata da Crispi e da altri governi autoritari. La repressione in Sicilia, l'azione spietata di Bava Beccaris, che nel 1898 spara sulla folla che a Milano protesta per il rincaro del pane, provoca decine di morti. Per vendicarle, l'anarchico Bresci uccide a Monza il sovrano Savoia, già scampato in precedenza ad altri due attentati mortali.

L'Italia di Giolitti (1900-1920)
Ricostruisce il periodo dall'inizio del nuovo secolo sino alla fine della prima guerra mondiale, dominato in campo politico, ma anche in quello del costume, dalla figura di Giovanni Giolitti. I primi due decenni del Novecento italiano vanno dal regicidio di Monza di Umberto I al «Natale di sangue» di Fiume.

Con le sue riforme, dà il via alla nascita della grande industria in Italia, che permette all'Esercito di conquistare la Libia, allora parte dell'Impero Ottomano.

Grande spazio è dedicato alla Grande Guerra, alle conseguenze economiche e sociali dell'immenso conflitto. Giolitti cercò, senza successo, di tenere il Paese fuori dal conflitto. Secondo Montanelli, «Al di là della vicenda dello Stato Maggiore mi ha interessato quella del fante, perchè la trasformazione della società italiana avvenne in trincea.»

L'Italia in camicia nera (1919-3 gennaio 1925)
Montanelli narra la storia della conquista del potere di Benito Mussolini: dalla fondazione dei Fasci italiani di combattimento nel marzo 1919, dai disordini del biennio rosso alla marcia su Roma, dalla sua nomina a Presidente del Consiglio in un Governo di coalizione all'instaurazione della dittatura fascista con il discorso del 3 gennaio 1925 col quale, dopo le convulsioni provocate dal caso Matteotti, il deputato socialista assassinato, egli liquidò il vecchio regime liberale. Gli eventi che portarono l'Italia ad una svolta politica drammatica.

L'Italia littoria (1925-1936)
Storia del Paese durante il consolidamento della dittatura e l'avventura coloniale.

L'Italia dell'Asse (1936-10 giugno 1940)
Gli anni segnati dall'Asse Roma-Berlino sino alla dichiarazione di guerra.

L'Italia della disfatta (10 giugno 1940-8 settembre 1943)
La guerra a fianco della Germania viene ripercorsa sino all'armistizio e alla rotta dell'esercito italiano.

L'Italia della guerra civile (8 settembre 1943-9 maggio 1946)
Il libro, che volutamente definisce il periodo «guerra civile» e non soltanto «Resistenza» per sottolineare la confusione regnante nel Paese, si chiude con l'abdicazione di Vittorio Emanuele III.

L'Italia della Repubblica (2 giugno 1946-18 aprile 1948)
Dal referendum costituzionale alla vittoria della Democrazia Cristiana che vincolò il Paese al blocco occidentale, fino all'elezione di Luigi Einaudi a Presidente della Repubblica.

Gli autori avrebbero anche potuto intitolare il volume L'Italia delle scelte, sostenendo che nel biennio 1946-1948 l'Italia fece quelle fondamentali, instaurando la Repubblica al posto della Monarchia e schierandosi nel campo dei Paesi occidentali.

L'Italia del miracolo (14 luglio 1948-19 agosto 1954)
Tra l'attentato a Palmiro Togliatti, che scatenò tumulti nel Paese, e la morte di Alcide De Gasperi che aveva guidato l'Italia nella ricostruzione, vengono gettate le premesse per il «miracolo economico». La stagione della Ricostruzione postbellica avviene nel segno della vittoria elettorale della Democrazia Cristiana di De Gasperi. L'Italia fu uno dei principali percettori dei fondi del Piano Marshall, concesso dall'America di Truman per salvare l'Europa impoverita dalla sottomissione al cosmo staliniano dell'URSS. La rinascita economica vedrà l'affermazione dell'industria, divenuta presto una delle più competitive d'Europa.

La creazione della Cassa del Mezzogiorno fu la risposta all'arretratezza endemica delle aree depresse del Sud Italia, la sempre irrisolta «questione meridionale».

Questi sono anni di tensioni fra Occidente libero e la minaccia incombente dell'URSS di Stalin: l'inasprimento del dibattito politico si riverbera anche in Italia.

Gli autori avrebbero voluto chiamare il volume L'Italia di De Gasperi – sostenendo che il miracolo fu successivo agli eventi narrati – affermando che il titolo fu imposto per ragioni commerciali.

L'Italia dei due Giovanni (1955-1965)
Papa Giovanni XXIII e Giovanni Gronchi sono i personaggi che a diverso titolo connotano gli anni descritti nel libro. Si assiste all'allentarsi dell'unità d'azione tra il Partito Comunista di Togliatti e il PSI, ormai minoritario. Nel X Congresso del PCUS, il leader sovietico Kruscev denuncia i crimini di Stalin. La Democrazia Cristiana lentamente si evolve in «partito che guarda a sinistra» con l'obiettivo di coinvolgere nell'area di Governo il Partito Socialista di Nenni.

Gli autori avevano inizialmente pensato di interrompere il racconto della Storia d'Italia con la morte di De Gasperi, ma poi decisero di continuare narrando anche i fatti del decennio successivo, e annunciarono la futura pubblicazione del volume riguardante il periodo sessantottino e postsessantottino.

L'Italia degli anni di piombo (1965-1978)
Dagli anni che precedono la contestazione (chiamati «anni di gomma»), la lunga notte del terrorismo, attraverso l'assassinio di Aldo Moro sino all'elezione di Sandro Pertini a Presidente della Repubblica.

Nell'Avvertenza che precede il libro Montanelli scrisse:

L'Italia degli anni di fango (1978-1993)
Dall'elezione di Papa Giovanni Paolo II attraverso la P2, i colpi di coda dell'eversione, il primo governo socialista, la nascita della Lega Nord, il passaggio dal PCI al PDS fino a Tangentopoli e al crollo del sistema politico nato nel dopoguerra.

L'Italia di Berlusconi (1993-1995)
Gli strascichi della corruzione e la nuova legge elettorale favoriscono l'ascesa politica di Silvio Berlusconi, che vince le elezioni del 1994 e forma un governo la cui breve esistenza sarà particolarmente travagliata.

L'Italia dell'Ulivo (1995-1997)
Dall'autunno 1995 alla prima crisi del governo Prodi nell'ottobre 1997. Storia e cronaca si saldano, chiosate da questa amara considerazione di Montanelli nel Poscritto:

I tre compendi dell'opera
La prima sintesi dell'opera fu il Sommario di storia d'Italia dall'Unità ai giorni nostri: tratta il periodo dalla proclamazione del Regno d'Italia, 17 marzo 1861, fino all'elezione a Presidente della Repubblica di Luigi Einaudi, l'11 maggio 1948. Fu scritto assieme al giornalista Paolo Granzotto e pubblicato da Rizzoli nel novembre 1986. Il libro da allora non fu più ristampato.

Sebbene l'opera della Storia d'Italia si fermi al 1997, Montanelli e Cervi pubblicarono altri due libri che oltre a riassumere i fatti principali descritti nei libri precedenti aggiornarono di un paio d'anni l'opera. Il primo libro uscì nel dicembre 1998: L'Italia del Novecento tratta tutta la situazione politica italiana dal 1900 al 1998 inserendo alla fine un breve trafiletto in cui viene descritta la caduta del governo Prodi e la nascita del governo D'Alema, fatti che non sono raccontati in L'Italia dell'Ulivo poiché quest'ultimo libro si ferma all'ottobre del 1997.

Nel dicembre 2000 infine uscì L'Italia del Millennio, una sinossi che riassumeva i fatti principali della Storia italiana dall'anno 1000 sino alla fine dell'anno 2000, ragguagliando brevemente la situazione politica italiana con la caduta dell'esecutivo di D'Alema, il secondo governo Amato e le previsioni per le imminenti elezioni politiche del 2001.

Edizioni

Prologhi della Storia d'Italia
 Indro Montanelli, Storia di Roma, Milano, Longanesi, 1957; Milano, Rizzoli, 1959.
 Indro Montanelli, Storia dei Greci, Milano, Rizzoli, 1959.

Storia d'Italia
 Indro Montanelli e Roberto Gervaso, L'Italia dei secoli bui. Il Medio Evo sino al Mille, Milano, Rizzoli, 1965, ISBN 88-17-42707-1.
 Indro Montanelli e Roberto Gervaso, L'Italia dei Comuni. Il Medio Evo dal 1000 al 1250, Milano, Rizzoli, 1966, ISBN 88-17-42708-X.
 Indro Montanelli e Roberto Gervaso, L'Italia dei secoli d'oro. Il Medio Evo dal 1250 al 1492, Milano, Rizzoli, 1967, ISBN 88-17-42709-8.
 Indro Montanelli e Roberto Gervaso, L'Italia della Controriforma (1492-1600), Milano, Rizzoli, 1968, ISBN 88-17-42710-1.
 Indro Montanelli e Roberto Gervaso, L'Italia del Seicento (1600-1700), Milano, Rizzoli, 1969, ISBN 88-17-42711-X.
 Indro Montanelli e Roberto Gervaso, L'Italia del Settecento (1700-1789), Milano, Rizzoli, 1970, ISBN 88-17-42012-3.
 Indro Montanelli, L'Italia giacobina e carbonara (1789-1831), Milano, Rizzoli, 1971, ISBN 88-17-42713-6.
 Indro Montanelli, L'Italia del Risorgimento (1831-1861), Milano, Rizzoli, 1972, ISBN 88-17-42714-4.
 Indro Montanelli, L'Italia dei Notabili (1861-1900), Milano, Rizzoli, 1973, ISBN 88-17-42715-2.
 Indro Montanelli, L'Italia di Giolitti (1900-1920), Milano, Rizzoli, 1974, ISBN 88-17-42716-0.
 Indro Montanelli, L'Italia in camicia nera (1919-3 gennaio 1925), Milano, Rizzoli, 1976, ISBN 88-17-42719-5.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia littoria (1925-1936), Milano, Rizzoli, 1979, ISBN 88-17-42720-9.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia dell'Asse (1936-10 giugno 1940), Milano, Rizzoli, 1980, ISBN 88-17-42721-7.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia della disfatta (10 giugno 1940-8 settembre 1943), Milano, Rizzoli, 1982, ISBN 88-17-42020-4.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia della guerra civile (8 settembre 1943-9 maggio 1946), Milano, Rizzoli, 1983, ISBN 88-17-42723-3.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia della Repubblica (2 giugno 1946-18 aprile 1948), Milano, Rizzoli, 1985, ISBN 88-17-42724-1.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia del miracolo (14 luglio 1948-19 agosto 1954), Milano, Rizzoli, 1987, ISBN 88-17-42725-X.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia dei due Giovanni (1955-1965), Milano, Rizzoli, 1989, ISBN 88-17-42726-8.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia degli anni di piombo (1965-1978), Milano, Rizzoli, 1991, ISBN 88-17-42805-1.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia degli anni di fango (1978-1993), Milano, Rizzoli, 1993, ISBN 88-17-42729-2.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia di Berlusconi (1993-1995), Milano, Rizzoli, 1995, ISBN 88-17-42810-8.
 Indro Montanelli e Mario Cervi, L'Italia dell'Ulivo (1995-1997), Milano, Rizzoli, 1997, ISBN 88-17-42810-8.

Compendi della Storia d'Italia
 Indro Montanelli - Paolo Granzotto, Sommario di Storia d'Italia dall'Unità ai giorni nostri, Milano, Rizzoli, 1986, ISBN 978-88-1742-802-6.
 Indro Montanelli - Mario Cervi, L'Italia del Novecento, Collana Storica, Milano, Rizzoli, 1998, ISBN 978-88-1786-014-7; Milano, Superpocket, 1999; Edizione aggiornata alle regionali del 2000, Milano, BUR, 2000, ISBN 978-88-178-6402-2; Milano, Fabbri Editori, 2001.
 Indro Montanelli - Mario Cervi, L'Italia del Millennio. Sommario di dieci secoli di storia, Collana Storica, Milano, Rizzoli, 2000, ISBN 978-88-1786-608-8; Milano, Superpocket, 2001; Milano, BUR, 2002.

La Storia d'Italia di Indro Montanelli
Alla fine degli anni novanta fu realizzata un'edizione video dell'opera, intitolata La Storia d'Italia di Indro Montanelli, prodotta dalla Cecchi Gori Editoria Elettronica Home Video e curata da Mario Cervi. La serie era composta da 20 puntate e raccontava i principali fatti italiani dal periodo fascista fino alla crisi del governo Prodi nel 1997. Le varie puntate erano così strutturate: Mario Cervi introduceva gli argomenti da trattare, mentre Montanelli rispondeva alle domande di Alain Elkann, aggiungendo considerazioni e ricordi personali, seduti in una sala del Grand Hotel et de Milan. È uscita in VHS come inserto del Corriere della Sera a partire dal 5 settembre 1999 (due puntate per ogni videocassetta), ed è stata trasmessa in tv su Telemontecarlo dal 5 aprile all'8 giugno 2000.

Note

Altri progetti

Storia d'Italia
Storia d'Italia
Opere di Indro Montanelli


text:
7 reasons you should thread your eyebrows
Shea Simmons,
The INSIDER Summary:
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• Precision is another plus and allows for a more natural arch.
There's often a debate over whether threading or waxing is the best way to go when it comes to hair removal. As it turns out, there's a very clear answer. According to Brighton Salon's celebrity brow expert Nikki Amini, you should consider threading over waxing, and there are definitive reasons why. If you've ever found yourself wondering why threading has grown in popularity as of late or why people seem to be abandoning waxing for the practice, Amini's reasons for seeking out threading are going to clear up those questions.
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Read the original article on Bustle. Copyright 2016.
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Braintree makes it easy for businesses to accept online and mobile payments. It's mobile SDKs for iOS and Android are optimized for speed with libraries in six of the most popular languages ensure you get up and running in minutes.
Our per-transaction pricing includes v.zero, recurring billing, and more.
Multi-currency transactions will be billed an additional 1% at 4.40% + 0.50 SGD and chargebacks are assessed a 30 SGD fee.
Correct as of: 21st January 2016.


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Mille TV
Virgil Abloh Called Out for Lack of Diversity
The Off-White designer is in hot water
by Amina Kaabi | May 6, 2019
by Amina Kaabi
No stranger to controversy, Virgil Abloh has yet again found himself in hot water only weeks after finding himself at the receiving end of backlash over his comments on Michael Jackson's alleged abuse following the release of his latest collection, which was inspired by the late popstar.
And now, the Chicago-born designer is in the midst of yet another scandal, this time it's about his staff. The Off-White CEO posted a series of photos last Tuesday on his Instagram story during a staff party in Milan, writing "all the art directors of @off___white. Crazy crazy talented crew of kids."
Social media was quick to note the lack of diversity. The twittersphere called out the absence of people of colour (of the 136 people shown, no-one could spot a single POC).
Frenzy ensued. "Not gonna lie I thought @virgilabloh would have some black people working with him but I'm not surprised" one user wrote. Another slapped the label 'culture vultures' on the all-white design team.
Despite the controversies he's found himself in the midst of in the past—most of which were in relation to his designs—no large-scale conversation surrounding his blackness and diversity as a whole has ever been prompted.
As Louis Vuitton menswear's artistic director, Abloh is celebrated for being one of the first black creative directors to hold a high-profile position in a luxury fashion house.
But fashion is no stranger to racist tropes, even indutry stalwarts like Prada and Gucci have recently been called out for racially-insensitive mishaps.
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Did you know that Penguin and Panda are NOT penalties? It seems hard to believe that this is true, especially if your website is experiencing horrendous ranking drops because it has been affected by one of these changes. However, Google is quite adamant that we should not be calling these algorithmic changes penalties.
In John Mueller's Google Webmaster Help Hangouts, any time someone mentions a 'Penguin penalty' or 'Panda penalty', he is quick to say that these algorithms are NOT penalties. "From our point of view, Penguin isn't a penalty. It's essentially a search quality algorithm… a penalty is something that is done manually", he said.
Google penalties do indeed exist. Google can manually penalize a site for things such as inbound unnatural links, outbound unnatural links, thin content, pure spam and more. The most common reason for a site to be manually penalized is because someone has reported the site to Google. Most people also believe that Google manually reviews the top sites in several competitive search results as well, but we don't know this for sure.
However, if you became an owner or restricted owner after the penalty message was initially received, there will be no penalty message for you to see in the messages section. In this case, you will still be able to see the penalty in the Manual Actions Viewer though. Hopefully this is something that Google will change in the future. It would be quite helpful to be able to see the past site messages for a newly verified owner.
If you have a manual penalty, once you have cleaned up your site you can file for reconsideration. If you have done a thorough job, then a Google employee will manually remove your penalty. Something that changed in 2013 was that only sites that had a manual action could apply for reconsideration. Prior to this, anyone could file a reconsideration request, even if there was no manual penalty. For sites that were only affected algorithmically, you would get an automated response back telling you that there was no manual penalty. But now, you can't file for reconsideration unless you actually have a manual penalty.
What is an Algorithmic Filter?
Google's algorithms are immensely complex. There are parts of the algorithm that are constantly evaluating websites and modifying their rank depending on what they see. For example, Google's keyword stuffing algorithm re-evaluates your site each time that Google crawls it. There are other parts of the algorithm, however, that we call filters. Filters are modifications that only take effect when Google decides to run them. Penguin and Panda are filters.
If either of these algorithms determines that your website is not a high quality site (or does not have high quality backlinks, in the case of Penguin), then Google will adjust the algorithm so that your site does not rank as well. If you have lots of issues, you can be affected severely. If you have just a few issues, you may see just a minor rank deduction.
I look at Penguin and Panda as if they were like sandbags that are holding a hot air balloon down. A site with serious issues can have very heavy sandbags that pull the site down and make it almost impossible for the site to rise in rankings unless those sandbags are removed. A site with minor issues might have lighter sandbags applied. These smaller weights still pull the site down somewhat, but not as severely.
A manual penalty is manually applied by a member of Google's webspam team. An algorithmic filter is an automatic thing.
You can't file for reconsideration to get an algorithmic filter removed.
With a manual penalty, once you've cleaned up, and successfully requested reconsideration, the penalty is lifted. With an algorithmic filter, you need to improve your site and then wait for the algorithm (Penguin or Panda) to either update or refresh and reassess your site.
A manual penalty is either on or off. There can be cases where a severe penalty can be downgraded to a less severe one such as having a sitewide unnatural links penalty downgraded to a partial but in general a manual penalty is either there or it's not. But, with an algorithmic filter, you can be affected to different degrees. Not all algorithmic hits are drastic.
There is no way of telling whether you are being demoted by an algorithmic filter. Google employees have a console where they can see whether a site is being affected by Panda or Penguin, but webmasters can't see this. Oh how I wish Google would allow us to see whether we are dealing with an algorithmic filter! If you can see a drop in traffic that coincides the the date of a known or suspected refresh or update of Panda or Penguin, then this is a good hint that you are dealing with one of these issues. However, not all refreshes are announced. And, in the future, Google plans to incorporate both of these algorithms into the main algorithm so it is going to be hard to determine what needs to be done in order to see recovery.
With an algorithmic filter, there is no way of knowing whether you've done enough work to escape the filter once it re-runs. If you clean up your backlinks, Penguin refreshes and you see a mild improvement, there's no way of knowing whether you would have seen more improvement if you had removed or disavowed more links. You can't tell whether you still have a mild case of Penguin or whether the site is completely free of algorithmic sandbags holding it down. Similarly, Google doesn't tell you what type of on-site quality issues they want to see cleaned up for Panda. We take our best guess when doing a Panda cleanup, but if Google is taking issue with something that we haven't addressed and is still suppressing the rankings for that site, there's no way to know.
Should We Be Calling Panda and Penguin Penalties?
Do a Google search for "Panda penalty" or "Penguin penalty" and you'll see some well known SEO professionals using this terminology. Is it wrong to do so? In my mind it's all semantics. If you want to sound like someone who really understands Google's algorithms, it's probably best to refer to Panda and Penguin as algorithmic filters rather than penalties. But, when I'm talking to a small business owner who has had their revenue severely cut because they're stuck under an algorithmic filter, I certainly don't correct them when they say they are being penalized.
I feel that Google has done a good job at cleaning up the search results for the most part. When someone searches for information on car insurance, they're not likely to see some scuzzy buy-cheap-car-insurance-online-now.biz site that got to the top of Google by manipulating the PageRank flowing to the site. As a user, I generally am getting better results now than I did a few years ago. It's good for Google to show the most relevant results possible. But, these filters are causing so many businesses to suffer severely. Some made poor decisions in hiring a low quality SEO to build links to their site. Others don't even know what they did wrong, but are the victim of site quality issues that perhaps are caused by a faulty CMS. In my opinion, there needs to be a better way for sites like this to be able to recover.
Have you been negatively affected by Panda or Penguin? Do you think we should be calling these penalties?